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diff --git a/11332-h/11332-h.htm b/11332-h/11332-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c4d4d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/11332-h/11332-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1997 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" + content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> + <title> + The Mirror of Literature, Issue 381. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + /*<![CDATA[*/ + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + + .note, .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + + .figure {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img {border: none;} + .figure p + --> + /*]]>*/ + </style> + </head> + <body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11332 ***</div> + + <hr class="full" /> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page33" name="page33"></a>[pg + 33]</span> + <h1> + THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + </h1> + <hr class="full" /> + <table width="100%" summary="Banner"> + <tr> + <td align="left"> + <b>VOL. XIV. NO. 381.]</b> + </td> + <td align="center"> + <b>SATURDAY, JULY 18, 1829.</b> + </td> + <td align="right"> + <b>[PRICE 2d.</b> + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + <div class="figure" style="width: 100%;"> + <a href="images/381-1.png"><img width="100%" + src="images/381-1.png" alt="Apsley House" /></a> + </div> + <h3> + THE MANSION OF HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. + </h3> + <p> + The town mansions of our nobility are generally beneath all + architectural criticism; and it has been pertinently observed + that "an educated foreigner is quite astonished when shown + the residences of our higher nobility and gentry in the + British capital. He has heard speak of some great nobleman, + with a revenue equal to that of a principality. He feels a + curiosity to look at his palace, and he is shown a plain, + common, brick house of forty or fifty feet in extent." These + observations were made about three years ago, since which + period, the spirit of architectural improvement has been fast + extending from public buildings to individual mansions. Among + the latter, the renovation or encasement of Apsley House, at + Hyde Park Corner, with a fine stone front, is entitled to + foremost notice. + </p> + <p> + This splendid improvement is from the designs of Benjamin + Wyatt, Esq. and is of the Palladian style. The basement story + is rusticated, and the principal front has a handsome + pediment supported by four columns of the Corinthian order. A + bold cornice extends on all sides, which are decorated at the + angles with Corinthian pilasters. The whole has an air of + substantial elegance, and is in extremely good taste, if we + except the door and window cases, which we are disposed to + think rather too small. The Piccadilly front is enclosed with + a rich bronzed palisade between leaved pillars, being in + continuation of the classical taste of the entrance gates to + Hyde Park, and the superb entrance to the Royal Gardens on + the opposite side of the road. Throughout the whole, the + chaste Grecian honey-suckle is introduced with very pleasing + effect. + </p> + <p> + Besides the new frontage, Apsley House has been considerably + enlarged, and a slip of ground from Hyde Park added to the + gardens. The ball-room, extending the whole depth of the + mansion, is one of the most magnificent <i>salons</i> in the + metropolis; and a picture gallery is in progress. Altogether, + the improvement is equally honourable to the genius of the + architect, and the taste of the illustrious proprietor of the + mansion; for no foreigner can gainsay that Apsley House has + the befitting splendour of a ducal, nay even of a royal + palace. + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page34" name="page34"></a>[pg + 34]</span> + </p> + <h3> + WATLING STREET. + </h3> + <p> + (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.) + </p> + <p> + There has been much discussion among antiquaries respecting + the etymology of an ancient Roman road, called the Watling + Street Way, which commencing from Dover, traces its course to + London, St. Alban's, Weedon, over <i>Bensford + Bridge</i>,<a id="footnotetag1" + name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> + High Cross, Atherstone, Wall, Wroxeter, and Chester, from + which last place a branch appears to point in nearly a + straight direction through St. Asaph to Segontium, or Caer + Seiont, Carnarvonshire. Another branch directs its course + from Wroxeter to Manchester, York, Lancaster, Kendal, and + Cockermouth. + </p> + <p> + Hoveden thinks it was called the Watling Street from Wathe, + or Wathla, a British king. Spelman fancies it was called + Werlam Street, from its passing through Verulam. Somner + derives the name from the Belgic Wentelen, <i>volvere, + versare se, a sinuosis flexibus</i>. Baxter contends that it + was made by the original Britons, Weteling, or Oedeling + signifying in their language, <i>originarius civis vel + ingenuus</i>. Stukeley's opinion, in which he is joined by + Whitaker, the Manchester historian, is, that it was the + Guetheling road—Sarn Guethelin, or the road of the + Irish, the G being pronounced as a W. Dr. Wilkes says, that + it is more indented and crooked than other Roman Roads + usually are, and supposes that it was formed of + <i>Wattles</i>, which was the idea also of Pointer. Mr. Duff + is not pleased with the opinion of Camden, that it derives + its name from an unknown <i>Vitellianus</i>, but conjectures + that its etymology is from the Saxon <i>Wadla</i>, a poor + man, a beggar, because such people resorted to this road for + the charity of travellers. + </p> + <p> + Among so many crude and discordant opinions, I shall + endeavour to substitute another more consistent with the true + etymology of the word. I agree with the historian of + Manchester, that the Roman stations were prior to the roads, + and that the latter were only the channels of communication + to the former. The stations commenced during the conquest of + the country, and all of them were completed at the conclusion + of it. The roads therefore could not be constructed till the + first or second summer after the stations were established. + Whoever has attentively observed the line or direction of the + Watling Street, must be convinced of the truth of the + foregoing observations; and the deviation from a straight + line, which in many parts is so apparent, and so evidently + made to enable the Romans to pass from one station to + another, may be considered conclusive upon this point. I + therefore have no hesitation in asserting, that the Watling + Street Way is a Roman road, and probably planned and formed + by Vespasian, the celebrated Roman general in Britain, who + named this road in compliment to the emperor, <i>Vitellius, + Vitellii Strata Via</i>, Watling Street Way. Suetonius, in + his <i>Life of Vespasian</i>, says, (chapter 4,) "<i>Claudio + principe, Narcissi gratiâ, legatus in Germaniam missus + est (Vespasianus;) inde in Britanniam translatus, tricies cum + hoste conflixit. Duas validissimas gentes, superq viginti + oppida, et insulam Vectam Britanniae proximam, in deditionem + redegit, partim Auli Plautii legati, partim Claudii ipsius + ductu. Quare triumphalia ornamenta, et in spatio brevi, + duplex sacerdotium accepit, praeterea consulatum, quem gessit + per duos novissimos anni menses.</i>" Or, "In the reign of + Claudius, by the interest of Narcissus,<a id="footnotetag2" + name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> + he (Vespasian) was sent lieutenant general of a legion into + Germany, from whence being removed into Britain, he engaged + the enemy in thirty distinct battles, and subjected to the + power of the Romans two very strong nations, and above twenty + great towns, and the Isle of Wight, upon the coast of + Britain, partly under the command of Aulus Plautius, and + partly under that of Claudius himself. In reward for these + noble services he received the triumphal ornaments, and in a + short time after, two priest's offices, besides the + consulship, which he held for the two last months of the + year." + </p> + <p> + The same author, in his Life of Vitellius, seems to + strengthen or rather establish the conjecture of its being + the <i>Vitellii Strata Via</i>, for he says, (chapter 1,) + "<i>indicia, stirpis (Vitelliorum) diu mansisse, Viam + Vitelliam ab Janiculo ad mare usque, item coloniam ejusdem + nominis.</i>" Or, "Some monuments of the family continued a + long time, as the <i>Vitellian Way</i>, reaching from the + Janiculum to the sea, and likewise a colony of that name." + From the abovementioned extracts, it seems not improbable + that one of the thirty battles mentioned by Suetonius, might + have been fought during the time the Romans were forming this + road through the Forest of Arden, + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page35" name="page35"></a>[pg + 35]</span> which extended from Henley, in Warwickshire, to + Market Harborough, in Leicestershire; and that it was called + in compliment to Vitellius, the <i>Vitellian Way</i>, + afterwards corrupted to the <i>Watling Way</i>. + </p> + <p> + This road from the Avon, which it passes at Dove Bridge, to + the Anker, near Atherstone, forms the boundary between the + counties of Leicester and Warwick. In the month of June, + 1824, numerous skulls and bones were discovered in a line + from the intersection of the road that leads from Rugby to + Lutterworth, with the Watling Street to Benones or Bensford + Bridge, the distance not being more than half a mile. These + bones were lying about two feet below the surface of the + ground. Many fragments of shields, spear heads, knives, and a + sword,<a id="footnotetag3" + name="footnotetag3"></a><a href="#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> + placed by the side of a skeleton, and at one end touching a + funereal urn,<a id="footnotetag4" + name="footnotetag4"></a><a href="#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> + and likewise several drinking cups, or small vessels, + apparently formed of half-baked clay, with clasps both of + silver and brass, were found within the abovementioned + distance. On the contrary side of the road were discovered + beads, glass, and amber, but neither urns, spear-heads, or + fragments of shields; these relics, therefore, probably + belonged to the Britons, who fell encountering the Romans, to + prevent their forming a road through the Forest of Arden. + There can be little doubt of a battle having been here + fought, from the bones, urns, and tumuli discovered here and + in the adjacent neighbourhood. "In this parish (Church + Over,") says Dugdale, "upon the old Roman Way, called Watling + Strete, is to be seen a very great tumulus, which is of that + magnitude, that it puts travellers beside the usual road," + and a <i>Letter</i> from Elias Ashmole to Sir Wm. + Dugdale,<a id="footnotetag5" + name="footnotetag5"></a><a href="#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> + states, "that about a mile from hence (that is from Holywell + Abbey, now the site of Caves Inn,) there is a tumulus raised + in the very middle of the high way, which methought was worth + observing." This tumulus, in an ancient deed, is called the + Pilgrim's Low. It was removed in making the turnpike-road + from Banbury to Lutterworth, about the year 1770. In the + plantations of Abraham Grimes, Esq., within half a mile of + the site of the former, is another tumulus of smaller + dimensions, adjoining the road which leads from Rugby to + Lutterworth. + </p> + <p> + These were probably raised in honour of some military chiefs + who were slain in the battle. + </p> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Si quid novisti rectius istis + </p> + <p> + Candidus imperti: si non, his utere mecum. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <h4> + R.R.B. + </h4> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + THE PENDRILLS. + </h2> + <p> + (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.) + </p> + <p> + I beg to correct the statement of <i>W.W.</i> in vol. xiii. + page 419, respecting this family. It is true that the pension + did not expire at Richard Pendrill's death—and it is + also true that Dr. Pendrill died about the time as therein + stated—but his son, John Pendrill, died at his own + residence, near the Seahouses, Eastbourne, last year only, + (1828,) leaving issue, one son by his first wife, (named + John,) and one son and three daughters by his second wife; + his first son, John, now enjoys the pension of 100 marks, and + is residing at the Gloucester Hotel, Old Steine, Brighton, in + sound health. The privilege granted to this family under the + title of "Free Warren," is the liberty of shooting, hunting, + fishing, &c. upon any of the King's manors, and upon the + manor on which the party enjoying this pension might reside; + and I am informed that a certain noble lord made some yearly + payment or gift to the deceased, John, not to exercise that + privilege on his manor in Sussex. The pension is payable out + of, or secured upon, lands in four different counties, + Worcestershire, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, and + Warwickshire, and entitles the party enjoying it to a vote in + each of these counties; but whether this has been acted upon, + I cannot possibly say. I have seen in the possession of a + branch of this loyal family, only a few days ago, a scarce + print of the arms, &c. published in 1756, under the + regulation of the act of parliament; besides other prints on + the subject. This family, <i>being commoners</i>, is I + believe, the only one which have + supporters.<a id="footnotetag6" + name="footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> + </p> + <h4> + C.C. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + THE FRIENDS OF THE DEAD. + </h3> + <p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) + </p> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + They've seen him laid, all cold and low; + </p> + <p class="i2"> + They've flung the flat stone o'er his breast: + </p> + <p> + And Summer's sun, and Winter's snow + </p> + <p class="i2"> + May never mar his dreamless rest! + </p> + <p> + They've left him to his long decay; + </p> + <p class="i2"> + The banner waves above his head: + </p> + <p> + Funereal is their rich array, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + But hark! how speak they of the dead. + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page36" name="page36"></a>[pg + 36]</span> + <p> + In his own hall, they've pledg'd to him + </p> + <p class="i2"> + 'Mid mirth, and minstrelsy divine; + </p> + <p> + When, at the crystal goblet's brim + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Hath flash'd, the od'rous rosy wine; + </p> + <p> + When viands from all lands afar + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Have grac'd the shining, sumptuous board, + </p> + <p> + And <i>now</i>, they'd prove their vaunted star, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + The Cobbold, of his priceless hoard.<a id="footnotetag7" + name="footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a> + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Hark! how they scandalize the <i>dead</i>! + </p> + <p class="i2"> + They spake not thus,—(their patron <i>here</i>) + </p> + <p> + When they were proud to break his bread, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + To watch his faintest smile, and fear + </p> + <p> + His latent frown; they did not speak + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Of vices, follies, meanness: <i>then</i> + </p> + <p> + A <i>crime</i> in him, had been, "the freak + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Of youth," and "worthiest <i>he</i>, of men!" + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Off with those garbs of woe, <i>false</i> friends! + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Those sadden'd visages, all feign'd! + </p> + <p> + Or have ye yet, some golden ends + </p> + <p class="i2"> + To be, by Death's own liv'ries gain'd? + </p> + <p> + <i>Ye</i> mourn the dead forsooth! who say + </p> + <p class="i2"> + That which should shame the lordly hall + </p> + <p> + His late ancestral home! Away! + </p> + <p class="i2"> + And dream that he hath <i>heard</i> it all! + </p> + </div> + </div> + <h4> + M.L.B. + </h4> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + The Cosmopolite. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + FOOD OF VARIOUS NATIONS. + </h3> + <p> + (<i>Conclusion</i>.) + </p> + <p> + The diet of the <i>Frenchman</i>, is chiefly vegetable, and + his <i>frogs</i> are rarities reserved for the delectation of + the opulent, and answering, in some degree, to the brains and + tongues of singing-birds amongst ancient epicures; since, + after being subjected to a peculiar process of fattening and + purifying, only the legs of these animals are eaten. Light + wines, beer, sugar and water, strong coffee, and a variety of + delicious liqueurs, are drunk by the French, but they have + shown themselves capable of conforming to the English taste + in a relish for stronger potations. <i>Spaniards</i> of all + ranks, use fruit, vegetables, fish, and olives, for their + principal diet, and oil and garlic are used plentifully in + their culinary operations; chocolate is their chief beverage, + but at dinner ladies drink nothing but water, and gentlemen a + little wine. The fare of the <i>Portuguese</i> peasantry is + meagre in the extreme, although, they are, in fact, + surrounded with the abundant luxuries of nature; a piece of + black bread and a pickled pilchard, or head of garlic, is + their usual subsistence, but a salted cod is a feast. In + <i>Italy</i>, ice-water and lemonade are luxuries essential + to the existence of all classes, and the inferior ones, who + never inebriate themselves with spirituous liquors, can + procure them at a cheap rate; macaroni and fruit are chief + articles of food, but the Italians are great gourmands, and + delight in dishes swimming in oil, which, to an English ear, + sounds very disgustingly; however, it must be remembered, + that oil in Italy is so pure and fresh, that it answers every + purpose of our newest butter. A gentleman who had resided + some time in this country, informs us, that by the Italians, + <i>puppy-broth</i> was reckoned a sovereign remedy in some + slight indispositions, and that he has constantly seen in the + markets young dogs skinned for sale. Of the <i>Turks</i>, the + ordinary food is rice, sometimes boiled with gravy, and + sometimes made into <i>pilan</i>; a kind of curry composed of + mutton and fowl stewed to rags, and highly seasoned gravy. + This is eaten with their fingers, since they have neither + knives nor forks, and the Koran prohibits the use of gold and + silver spoons. Coffee and sherbet are their ordinary + beverages, and by the higher classes of "the faithful," wine + is drunk in private, but an intoxication of a singular and + destructive description, is produced by opium, which the + Turks chew in immoderate quantities. The food of the + <i>Circassians</i> consists of a little meat, millet-paste, + and a kind of beer fermented from millet. The <i>Tartars</i> + are not fond of beef and veal, but admire horse-flesh; they + prefer to drink, before any thing else, mare's milk, and + produce from it, by keeping it in sour skins, a strong spirit + termed <i>koumiss</i>. The <i>Jakutians</i> (a Tartar tribe) + esteem horse-flesh as the greatest possible dainty; they eat + raw the fat of horses and oxen, and drink melted butter with + avidity; but bread is rare. The favourite food of the + <i>Kalmuc Tartars</i> is horse-flesh, eaten raw sometimes, + but commonly dried in the sun; dogs, cats, rats, marmots, and + other small animals and vermin are also eaten by them; but + neither vegetables, bread nor fruits; and they drink koumiss; + than which, scarcely any thing can be more disgusting, + except, perhaps, that beverage of the South Sea islanders, + prepared by means of leaves being masticated by a large + company, and spit into a bowl of water. The diet of the + <i>Kamtschatdales</i>, is chiefly fish, variously prepared; + <i>huigal</i>, which is neither more nor less than fish laid + in a pit until <i>putrid</i>, is a <i>luxury</i> with this + people! They are fond of caviar, made of roes of fish, and + scarcely less disgusting than huigal. A pound of dry caviar + will last a Kamtschatdale + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page37" name="page37"></a>[pg + 37]</span> on a journey for a considerable time, since he + finds bread to eat with it in the bark of every birch and + elder he meets with. These people boil the fat of the whale + and walrus with roots of <i>setage</i>. A principal dish at + their feasts, consists of various roots and berries pounded + with caviar, and mixed with the melted fat of whale and seal. + They are fond of spirits, but commonly drink water. For the + <i>Arabs</i>, lizards and locusts, afford food, but with + better articles. The <i>Persians</i> live like the Turks, or + nearly so, but for the want of spoons, knives, and forks, + their feasts, if the provisions are good in themselves, are + disgusting; besides which, the <i>sofera</i>, or cloth on + which the dinner is spread, is, from a superstitious notion + that changing is unlucky, so intolerably dirty and offensive + in odour, that the stranger can scarcely endure to sit beside + it. With the <i>Chinese</i>, rice is the "staff of life," but + all kinds of animal food are eagerly devoured; and pedlars + offering for sale rats, cats, and dogs, may be seen in the + streets of Chinese towns. It is uncertain whether a depraved + taste or lack of superior animal food, induces a really + civilized people to devour such flesh. Weak tea, without + sugar, or milk, is the common beverage of the Chinese; in the + use of ardent spirits they are moderate. The <i>Peguese</i>, + worshipping crocodiles, will drink no water but from the + ditches wherein those creatures abound, and consequently are + frequently devoured by them. The <i>Siamese</i>, besides a + variety of superior food, eat rats, lizards, and some kinds + of insects. The <i>Battas</i> of Sumatra, prefer <i>human + flesh</i> to all other, and speak with rapture of the soles + of the feet and palms of the hands. Warm water is the usual + beverage of the <i>Manilla</i> islanders. The + <i>Japanese</i>, amongst other things, drink a kind of beer + distilled from rice, and called <i>sacki</i>; it is kept + constantly warm, and drunk after every morsel they eat. + Cocoa-nut milk and water, is the common beverage of the + natives of the <i>New Hebrides</i>. In <i>New Caledonia</i> + so great is the scarcity of food, that the natives make + constant war for the sake of eating their prisoners, and + sometimes, to assuage the cravings of hunger, they bind + ligatures tightly round their bodies and swallow oleaginous + earth. The <i>New Zealanders</i> are cannibals sometimes in a + dearth, and to gratify a spirit of vengeance against their + enemies. The <i>New Hollanders</i>, near the sea, subsist on + fish eaten raw, or nearly so; should a whale be cast ashore, + it is never abandoned until its bones are picked; their + substitute for bread, and that which forms their chief + subsistence, is a species of fern roasted, pounded between + stones, and mixed with fish. The general beverage of the + negro tribes is palm-wine. No disgust is evinced by the + <i>Bosjesman Hottentots</i> at the most nauseous food, and + having shot an animal with a poisoned arrow, their only + precaution, previous to tearing it in pieces and devouring it + raw, is to cut out the envenomed part. Half a dozen + Bosjesmans, will eat a fat sheep in an hour; they use no + salt, and seldom drink anything, probably from the succulent + nature of their food. The <i>Caffres</i> live chiefly on + milk; they have no poultry, nor do they eat eggs. When flesh + is boiled, each member of a family helps himself from the + kettle with a pointed stick, and eats it in his hand. Their + substitute for bread, which is made of Caffre-corn, a sort of + millet, is the pith of a palm, indigenous to the country. + </p> + <p> + The <i>Lattakoos</i> eat, with equal zest, the flesh of + elephants, rhinoceroses, tigers, giraffes, quaggas, &c.; + and sometimes, under an idea that it confers valour, human + flesh, of which they have otherwise great abhorrence. They + are very disgusting in their manner of preparing food. The + <i>Abyssinians</i> usually eat the flesh of cattle raw, and + sometimes, although we believe the fact has been much + controverted, immediately as it is cut from the living + animals. The <i>Bisharye</i>, a tribe of Bedouin Arabs, eat + raw flesh, drink raw sheep's blood, and esteem the raw marrow + of camels their greatest dainty. + </p> + <p> + The <i>Patagonians</i> eat raw flesh with no regard to + cleanliness. The <i>Greenlanders</i> subsist on fish, seals, + and sea-fowls, prepared and devoured in manners truly + disgusting; train-oil is their sauce, and the blood of seals, + their favourite beverage! Some of the <i>North American + Indians</i> diet on the flesh of the sea-dog, parts of the + whale and its fat, and an oil made of the blubber of both of + these animals. Whilst, singular is the contrast, some of the + <i>South American</i> tribes, are able to digest monkeys, + blackened in, and dried by fire, to such a degree of + wood-like hardness, as to be rendered capable of keeping, we + dare not say how long. + </p> + <p> + <i>Chacun à son gout</i>, says one proverb, but we + trust that the readers of this paper will, whenever they feel + themselves inclined to quarrel with <i>English</i> fare, + pause, and remember, another, viz.:—"A man may go + further and fare worse." + </p> + <h4> + M.L.B + </h4> + <hr class="full" /> + <p> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page38" name="page38"></a>[pg + 38]</span> + </p> + <h2> + Manners & Customs of all Nations. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + SINGULAR TENURE. + </h3> + <p> + Among the records in the Tower of London, is one to the + following effect:—King John gave several lands at + Kipperton and Alterton, in Kent, to Solomon Atlefield to be + held by this service:—"That as often as the King should + please to cross the sea, the said Solomon or his heirs, + should be obliged to go with him, to hold his majesty's head + if there be occasion for it;" that is, should his majesty be + sea-sick. And it appears by the record, that this same office + of head-holding was accordingly performed afterwards, in the + reign of Edward the First. + </p> + <h4> + R.S. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + BOROUGH-ENGLISH. + </h3> + <p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) + </p> + <p> + The custom of the manor of Woodford, Essex, is + <i>Borough-English</i>, by which the youngest son inherits. + </p> + <p> + The origin of this custom has been a subject of much dispute; + but it appears to have prevailed greatly among the East + Saxons. Dr. Plot conjectured, that it was introduced by the + lord of the manor's claiming the right of enjoying the bride, + daughter of his tenant, on the wedding-night; therefore the + villain or slave, doubting whether the eldest son was his + own, made the youngest his heir. This custom prevailed among + the Ancient Britons before there were either Saxons or + villains. + </p> + <p> + By the laws of succession among the Ancient Britons, a man's + land at his death did not descend to his eldest son, but was + equally divided among all his sons; and when any dispute + arose, it was determined by the Druids. The youngest son, it + appears, was more favoured than the eldest or any of his + brothers. "When the brothers have divided their father's + estate, the youngest shall have the best house, with all the + office-houses, the implements of husbandry, his father's + kettle, his axe for cutting wood, and his knife. These three + last things the father cannot give away by gift, nor leave by + his last will to any but his youngest son, and if they are + pledged they shall be redeemed." + </p> + <p> + To account for this law is not very difficult. The elder + brothers of a family were supposed to have left their + father's house before his death, and obtained a house and + necessaries of their own; but the youngest, by reason of his + tender age, was considered as more helpless, and not so well + provided. + </p> + <p> + Halbert H. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + STORM RAISING + </h3> + <p> + The dread of storm raisers is universally prevalent amongst + the Italian peasantry, and especially in mountainous + districts. A Danish botanist, journeying alone upon an ass + through the mountains of Abruzzi, was involved in several + perilous adventures by this superstitious terror of the + peasantry. They had for some time seen him collecting plants + amongst the unfrequented cliffs and ravines, and watched his + proceedings with suspicious curiosity. A few days later their + district was ravaged by a succession of storms, their + suspicions grew into certainty, and, assembling in + considerable numbers, they attacked the unconscious botanist + with a volley of stones, and cursed him as a storm-raising + enchanter. He made vehement protestations of his innocence, + but the enraged peasants took forcible possession of his + collection, which they minutely examined. Finding only some + harmless leaves and blossoms, and no roots, their fury + abated, and, although it was suggested by some that he had + probably used the roots in his incantations, the unfortunate + herbalist was at length dismissed with fierce menaces, that + if he dared to take a single root from the ground, it would + cost him his life. In the mountains near Rome, the peasants + regard with suspicion a singular costume, a stern cast of + countenance, or any striking personal formation, in the + strangers who arrive there. All travellers, thus peculiarly + marked, are supposed to be enchanters and treasure-seekers, + and the young Germans, in their black dresses, untrimmed + beards, and long hair, are especial objects of + suspicion.—<i>Blackwood's Magazine</i>. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + NEAPOLITAN SUPERSTITION. + </h3> + <p> + The Neapolitan sailors never go to sea without a box of small + images or puppets, some of which are patron saints, inherited + from their progenitors, while others are more modern, but of + tried efficacy in the hour of peril. When a storm overtakes + the vessel, the sailors leave her to her fate, and bring upon + deck the box of saints, one of which is held up, and loudly + prayed to for assistance. The storm, however, increases, and + the obstinate or powerless saint is vehemently abused, and + thrown upon the deck. Others are held up, prayed to, abused, + and thrown down in succession, until the heavens become more + propitious. The storm abates, all danger disappears, the + saint last prayed to <span class="pagenum"><a id="page39" + name="page39"></a>[pg 39]</span> acquires the reputation of + miraculous efficacy, and, after their return to Naples, is + honoured with prayers.—<i>Ibid.</i> + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + The Naturalist. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + LENGTH AND FINENESS OF THE SILKWORM'S WEB, &c. + </h3> + <p> + Baker in <i>The Microscope made Easy</i>, says, "A silkworm's + web being examined, appeared perfectly smooth and shining, + every where equal, and much finer than any thread the best + spinster in the world can make, as the smallest twine is + finer than the thickest cable. A pod of this silk being wound + off, was found to contain 930 yards; but it is proper to take + notice, that as two threads are glewed together by the worm + through its whole length, it makes double the above number, + or 1,860 yards; which being weighed with the utmost + exactness, were found no heavier than two grains and a half. + What an exquisite fineness is here! and yet, this is nothing + when compared with the web of a small spider, or even with + the silk that issued from the mouth of this very worm, when + but newly hatched from the egg." + </p> + <p> + Under the article <i>Silk</i>, in <i>Rees's Cyclopaedia</i>, + the writer says, "that those who have examined it + attentively, think they speak within compass, when they + affirm that each ball contains silk enough to reach the + length of <i>six</i> English miles." + </p> + <p> + Baker tells us, "not to neglect the <i>skins</i> these + animals cast off three times before they begin to spin; for + the eyes, mouth, teeth, ornaments of the head, and many other + parts may be discovered better in the <i>cast</i>-off skins + than in the real animal." + </p> + <h4> + P.T.W. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + CUCKOO + </h3> + <p> + Mr. Jerdan, editor of the <i>Literary Gazette</i>, in a + letter to Mr. Loudon, says, "about fifteen years ago I + obtained a cuckoo from the nest of (I think) a hedge sparrow, + at Old Brompton, where I then resided. It was rather curious, + as being within ten yards of my house, Cromwell Cottage, and + in a narrow and much frequented lane, leading from near + Gloucester Lodge to Kensington. This bird I reared and kept + alive till late in January; when it fell suddenly from its + perch, while feeding on a rather large dew worm. It was + buried: but I had, long afterwards, strange misgivings, that + my poor feathered favourite was only choked by his food, or + in a fit of some kind—his apparent death was so + extremely unexpected from his health and liveliness at the + time. I assure you that I regretted my loss much, my bird + being in full plumage and a very handsome creature. He was + quite tame, for in autumn I used to set him on a branch of a + tree in the garden, while I dug worms for him to dine upon, + and he never attempted more than a short friendly flight. + During the coldest weather, and it was rather a sharp winter, + my only precaution was, nearly to cover his cage with + flannel; and when I used to take it off, more or less, on + coming into my breakfast room in the morning, I was + recognised by him with certainly not all the cry "unpleasant + to a married ear," but with its full half "<i>Cuck</i>! + <i>Cuck</i>!"—the only sounds or notes I ever heard + from my bird. Though trifling, these facts may be so far + curious as illustrating the natural history of a remarkable + genus, and I have great pleasure in offering them for your + excellent Journal." <i>Mag. Nat. Hist.</i> + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + MUSICAL SNAILS. + </h3> + <p> + As I was sitting in my room, on the first floor, about nine + P.M. (4th of October last), I was surprised with what I + supposed to be the notes of a bird, under or upon the sill of + a window. My impression was, that they somewhat resembled the + notes of a wild duck in its nocturnal flight, and, at times, + the twitter of a redbreast, in quick succession. To be + satisfied on the subject, I carefully removed the shutter, + and, to my surprise, found it was a garden snail, which, in + drawing itself along the glass, had produced sounds similar + to those elicited from the musical + glasses.—<i>Ibid</i>. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + BEWICK. + </h3> + <p> + In the museum at Newcastle are many of the identical + specimens from which the illustrious townsman Bewick drew his + figures for the wood-cuts which embellish his unique and + celebrated work. This truly amiable man, and, beyond all + comparison, greatest genius Newcastle has ever produced, died + on the 8th of November last, in the 76th year of his age. He + continued to the last in the enjoyment of all his faculties; + his single-heartedness and enthusiasm not a jot abated, and + his wonder-working pencil still engaged in tracing, with his + wonted felicity and fidelity, those objects which had all his + life afforded him such delight, and which have charmed, and + must continue to charm, all those who have any relish for the + pure and simple beauties of nature.—<i>Ibid</i>. + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page40" name="page40"></a>[pg + 40]</span> + </p> + <h3> + The Argonaut, Or Paper Nautilus. + </h3> + <div class="figure" style="width: 50%; float: left;"> + <a href="images/381-8.png"><img width="100%" + src="images/381-8.png" + alt="The Argonaut, Or Paper Nautilus." /></a> + </div> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Learn of the little Nautilus to sail, + </p> + <p> + Spread the thin oar, and catch the driving gale. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <p> + This species of shell-fish, (see the cut,) is named from + <i>Argonautes</i>, the companions of Jason, in the celebrated + ship, Argo, and from the Latin <i>naus</i>, a ship; the + shells of all the Nautili having the appearance of a ship + with a very high poop. The shell of this interesting creature + is no thicker than paper, and divided into forty compartments + or chambers, through every one of which a portion of its body + passes, connected as it were, by a thread. In the cut it is + represented as sailing, when it expands two of its arms on + high, and between these supports a membrane which serves as a + sail, hanging the two other arms out of its shell, to serve + as oars, the office of steerage being generally served by the + tail. + </p> + <p> + The shell of the Nautilus being exceedingly thin and fragile, + the tenant has many enemies, and among others the Trochus who + makes war on it with unrelenting fury. Pursued by this cruel + foe, it ascends to the top of the water, spreads its little + sail to catch the flying breeze, and rowing with all its + might, scuds along, like a galley in miniature, and often + escapes its more cumbrous pursuer. Sometimes, however, all + will not do, the Trochus nears and nears, and escape appears + impossible; but when the little animal, with inexplicable + ingenuity, suddenly and secretly extricates itself from its + tortuous and fragile dwelling, the Trochus immediately turns + to other prey. The Nautilus then returns to tenant and repair + its little bark; but it too often happens, that before he can + regain it, it is by a species of shipwreck, dashed to pieces + on the shore. Thus wretchedly situated, this hero of the + testaceous tribe seeks some obscure corner "where to die," + but which seldom, if ever, happens, until after he has made + extraordinary exertions to establish himself anew. What a + fine picture of virtue nobly struggling with + misfortune.<a id="footnotetag8" + name="footnotetag8"></a><a href="#footnote8"><sup>8</sup></a> + </p> + <p> + When the sea is calm, whole fleets of these Nautili may be + seen diverting themselves; but when a storm rises, or they + are disturbed, they draw in their legs, take in as much water + as makes them specifically heavier, than that in which they + float, and then sink to the bottom. When they rise again they + void this water by numerous holes, of which their legs are + full. The other species of Nautilus, whose shell is thick, + never quits that habitation. The shells of both varieties are + exceedingly beautiful when polished, and produce high prices + among Conchologists. + </p> + <p> + It is easy to conceive that the ingenious habits of this + wonderful creature may have suggested to man the power of + sailing upon the sea, and of the various apparatus by which + he effects that object. The whole creation abounds with + similar instances of Nature ministering to the proud purposes + of art: one of them, the origin of the Gothic Arch from the + "high o'erarching groves," is mentioned by Warburton, in his + <i>Divine Legation</i>, and is a sublime lesson for besotted + man. + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + THE SELECTOR;<br /> + AND<br /> + LITERARY NOTICES OF<br /> + <i>NEW WORKS</i>. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + VIDOCQ. + </h3> + <p> + [We have abridged one of the most striking chapters in the + very extraordinary history of Vidocq; premising that the + interest of the adventure will compensate for the space it + here occupies.] + </p> + <p> + A short time before the first invasion (1814), M. Senard, one + of the richest jewellers of the Palais Royal, having gone to + pay a visit to his friend the Curè of Livry, found him + in one of those perplexities which are generally caused by + the approach of our good friends the enemy. He was anxious to + secrete from the rapacity of the cossacks first the + consecrated vessels, and then his own little treasures. After + much hesitation, although in his situation he must have been + used to interments, Monsieur le Curè decided on + burying the objects which he was anxious to save, and + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page41" name="page41"></a>[pg + 41]</span> M. Senard, who, like the other gossips and misers, + imagined that Paris would be given over to pillage, + determined to cover up, in a similar way, the most precious + articles in his shop. It was agreed that the riches of the + pastor and those of the jeweller should be deposited in the + same hole. But, then, who was to dig the said hole? One of + the singers in church was the very pearl of honest fellows, + father Moiselet, and in him every confidence could be + reposed. He would not touch a penny that did not belong to + him. The hole, made with much skill, was soon ready to + receive the treasure which it was intended to preserve, and + six feet of earth were cast on the specie of the Curè, + to which were united diamonds worth 100,000 crowns, belonging + to M. Senard, and enclosed in a small box. The hollow filled + up, the ground was so well flattened, that one would have + betted with the devil that it had not been stirred since the + creation. "This good Moiselet," said M. Senard, rubbing his + hands, "has done it all admirably. Now, gentlemen cossacks, + you must have fine noses if you find it out!" At the end of a + few days the allied armies made further progress, and clouds + of Kirguiz, Kalmucs, and Tartars, of all hordes and all + colours, appeared in the environs of Paris. These unpleasant + guests are, it is well known, very greedy for plunder: they + made, every where, great ravages; they passed no habitation + without exacting tribute: but in their ardour for pillage + they did not confine themselves to the surface, all belonged + to them to the centre of the globe; and that they might not + be frustrated in their pretensions, these intrepid geologists + made a thousand excavations, which, to the regret of the + naturalists of the country, proved to them, that in France + the mines of gold or silver are not so deep as in Peru. Such + a discovery was well calculated to give them additional + energy; they dug with unparalleled activity, and the spoil + they found in many places of concealment threw the Croesuses + of many cantons into perfect despair. The cursed Cossacks! + But yet the instinct which so surely led them to the spot + where treasure was hidden, did not guide them to the hiding + place of the Curè. It was like the blessing of heaven, + each morning the sun rose and nothing new; nothing new when + it set. + </p> + <p> + Most decidedly the finger of heaven must be recognised in the + impenetrability of the mysterious inhumation performed by + Moiselet. M. Senard was so fully convinced of it, that he + actually mingled thanksgivings with the prayers which he made + for the preservation and repose of his diamonds. Persuaded + that his vows would be heard, in growing security he began to + sleep more soundly, when one fine day, which was, of all days + in the week, a Friday, Moiselet, more dead than alive, ran to + the Curè's. + </p> + <p> + "Ah, sir, I can scarcely speak." + </p> + <p> + "What's the matter, Moiselet?" + </p> + <p> + "I dare not tell you. Poor M. le Curè, this affects me + deeply, I am paralyzed. If my veins were open not a drop of + blood would flow." + </p> + <p> + "What is the matter? You alarm me." + </p> + <p> + "The hole." + </p> + <p> + "Mercy! I want to learn no more. Oh, what a terrible scourge + is war! Jeanneton, Jeanneton, come quickly, my shoes and + hat." + </p> + <p> + "But, sir, you have not breakfasted." + </p> + <p> + "Oh, never mind breakfast." + </p> + <p> + "You know, sir, when you go out fasting you have such + spasms——." + </p> + <p> + "My shoes, I tell you." + </p> + <p> + "And then you complain of your stomach." + </p> + <p> + "I shall have no want of a stomach again all my life. Never + any more—no, never—ruined." + </p> + <p> + "Ruined—Jesu—Maria! Is it possible? Ah! sir, run + then,—run—." + </p> + <p> + Whilst the Curè dressed himself in haste, and, + impatient to buckle the strap, could scarcely put on his + shoes, Moiselet, in a most lamentable tone, told him what he + had seen. + </p> + <p> + "Are you sure of it?" said the Curè, perhaps they did + not take all." + </p> + <p> + "Ah, sir, God grant it, but I had not courage enough to + look." + </p> + <p> + They went together towards the old barn, when they found that + the spoliation had been complete. Reflecting on the extent of + his loss, the Curè nearly fell to the ground. Moiselet + was in a most pitiable state; the dear man afflicted himself + more than if the loss had been his own. It was terrific to + hear his sighs and groans. This was the result of love to + one's neighbour. M. Senard little thought how great was the + desolation at Livry. What was his despair on receiving the + news of the event! In Paris the police is the providence of + people who have lost any thing. The first idea, and the most + natural one, that occurred to M. Senard was, that the robbery + had been committed by the Cossacks, and, in such a case, the + police could not avail him materially; but M. Senard took + care not to suspect the Cossacks. + </p> + <p> + One Monday when I was in the office + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page42" name="page42"></a>[pg + 42]</span> of M. Henry, I saw one of those little abrupt, + brisk men enter, who, at the first glance, we are convinced + are interested and distrustful: it was M. Senard, who briefly + related his mishap, and concluded by saying, that he had + strong suspicions of Moiselet. M. Henry thought also that he + was the author of the robbery, and I agreed with both. "It is + very well," he said, "but still our opinion is only founded + on conjecture, and if Moiselet keeps his own counsel we shall + have no chance of convicting him. It will be impossible." + </p> + <p> + "Impossible!" cried M. Senard, "what will become of me? No, + no, I shall not vainly implore your succour. Do not you know + all? can you not do all when you choose? My diamonds! my poor + diamonds! I will give one hundred thousand francs to get them + back again." + </p> + <p> + [Vidocq promises to recover the jewels, and the jeweller + offers him 10,000 francs.] + </p> + <p> + In spite of successive abatements of M. Senard, in proportion + as he believed the discovery probable, I promised to exert + every effort in my power to effect the desired result. But + before any thing could be undertaken, it was necessary that a + formal complaint should be made; and M. Senard and the + Curè, thereupon, went to Pontoise, and the declaration + being consequently made, and the robbery stated, Moiselet was + taken up and interrogated. They tried every means to make him + confess his guilt; but he persisted in avowing himself + innocent, and, for lack of proof to the contrary, the charge + was about to be dropped altogether, when to preserve it for a + time, I set an agent of mine to work. He, clothed in a + military uniform, with his left arm in a sling, went with a + billet to the house where Moiselet's wife lived. He was + supposed to have just left the hospital, and was only to stay + at Livry for forty-eight hours; but a few moments after his + arrival, he had a fall, and a pretended sprain suddenly + occurred, which put it out of his power to continue his + route. It was then indispensable for him to delay, and the + mayor decided that he should remain with the cooper's wife + until further orders. + </p> + <p> + The cooper's wife was charmed with his many little + attentions. The soldier could write, and became her + secretary; but the letters which she addressed to her dear + husband were of a nature not to compromise her—not the + least expression that can have a twofold + construction—it was innocence corresponding with + innocence. At length, after a few day's experience, I was + convinced that my agent, in spite of his talent, would draw + no profit from his mission. I then resolved to manoeuvre in + person, and, disguised as a travelling hawker, I began to + visit the environs of Livry. I was one of those Jews who deal + in every thing,—clothes, jewels, &c. &c.; and I + took in exchange gold, silver, jewels, in fact, all that was + offered me. An old female robber, who knew the neighbourhood + perfectly, accompanied me in my tour: she was the widow of a + celebrated thief, Germain Boudier, called Father Latuil, who, + after having undergone half-a-dozen sentences, died at last + at Saint Pelagie. I flattered myself that Madame Moiselet, + seduced by her eloquence, and by our merchandize, would bring + out the store of the Curè's crowns, some brilliant of + the purest water, nay, even the chalice or paten, in case the + bargain should be to her liking. My calculation was not + verified; the cooper's wife was in no haste to make a + bargain, and her coquetry did not get the better of her. + </p> + <p> + The Jew hawker was soon metamorphosed into a German servant; + and under this disguise I began to ramble about the vicinity + of Pontoise, with a design of being apprehended. I sought out + the gendarmes, whilst I pretended to avoid them; but they, + thinking I wished to get away from them, demanded a sight of + my papers. Of course I had none, and they desired me to + accompany them to a magistrate, who, knowing nothing of the + jargon in which I replied to his questions, desired to know + what money I had; and a search was forthwith commenced in his + presence. My pockets contained some money and valuables, the + possession of which seemed to astonish him. The magistrate, + as curious as a commissary, wished to know how they came into + my hands; and I sent him to the devil with two or three + Teutonic oaths, of the most polished kind; and he, to teach + me better manners another time, sent me to prison. + </p> + <p> + Once more the iron bolts were drawn upon me. At the moment of + my arrival, the prisoners were playing in the prison yard, + and the jailer introduced me amongst them in these terms, "I + bring you a murderer of the parts of speech; understand him + if you can." + </p> + <p> + They immediately flocked about me, and I was accosted with + salutations of <i>Landsman</i> and <i>Meinheer</i> without + end. During this reception, I looked out for the cooper of + Livry. + </p> + <p> + [He meets with him.] + </p> + <p> + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page43" name="page43"></a>[pg + 43]</span> "Mossié, Mossié," I said, addressing + the prisoner, who seemed to think I said Moiselet, + "Mossié Fine Hapit, (not knowing his name, I so + designated him, because his coat was the colour of flesh,) + sacrement, ter teufle, no tongue to me; yer François, + I miseraple, I trink vine; faut trink for gelt, plack vine." + </p> + <p> + I pointed to his hat, which was black; he did not understand + me; but on making a gesture that I wanted to drink, he found + me perfectly intelligible. All the buttons of my great coat + were twenty-franc pieces; I gave him one: he asked if they + had brought the wine, and soon afterwards I heard a turnkey + say, + </p> + <p> + "Father Moiselet, I have taken up two bottles for you." The + flesh-coloured coat was then Moiselet. I followed him into + his room, and we began to drink with all our might. Two other + bottles arrived; we only went on in couples. Moiselet, in his + capacity of chorister, cooper, sexton, &c. &c. was no + less a sot than gossip; he got tipsy with great good-will, + and incessantly spoke to me in the jargon I had assumed. + </p> + <p> + Matters progressed well; after two or three hours such as + these I pretended to get stupid. Moiselet, to set me to + rights, gave me a cup of coffee without sugar; after coffee + came glasses of water. No one can conceive the care which my + new friend took of me; but when drunkenness is of such a + nature it is like death—all care is useless. + Drunkenness overpowered me. I went to bed and slept; at least + Moiselet thought so; but I saw him many times fill my glass + and his own, and gulp them both down. The next day, when I + awoke, he paid me the balance, three francs and fifty + centimes, which, according to him, remained from the + twenty-franc piece. I was an excellent companion; Moiselet + found me so, and never quitted me. I finished the + twenty-franc piece with him, and then produced one of forty + francs, which vanished as quickly. When he saw it drunk out + also he feared it was the last. + </p> + <p> + "Your button again," said he to me, in a tone of extreme + anxiety, and yet very comical. + </p> + <p> + I showed him another coin. "Ah, your large button again," he + shouted out, jumping for joy. + </p> + <p> + This button went the same way as all the other buttons, until + at length, by dint of drinking together, Moiselet understood + and spoke my language almost as well as I did myself, and we + could then disclose our troubles to each other. Moiselet was + very curious to know my history, and that which I trumped up + was exactly adapted to inspire the confidence I wished to + create. + </p> + <p> + "My master and I come to France—I was + tomestic—master of mein Austrian + marechal—Austrian with de gelt in family. Master always + roving, always gay, joint regiment at Montreau. Montreau, oh, + mein Gott, great, great pattle—many sleep no more but + in death. Napoleon coom—poum, poum go gannon. Prusse, + Austrian, Rousse all disturb. I, too, much disturb. Go on my + ways with master mein, with my havresac on mein + horse—poor teufel was I—but there was gelt in it. + Master mein say, 'Galop, Fritz.' I called Fritz in home mein. + Fritz galop to Pondi—there halt Fritz—place + havresac not visible; and if I get again to Yarmany with + havresac, me rich becomen, mistress mein rich, father mein + rich, you too rich." + </p> + <p> + Although the narrative was not the cleverest in the world, + father Moiselet swallowed it all as gospel; he saw well that + during the battle of Montereau, I had fled with my master's + portmanteau, and hidden it in the forest of Bondy. The + confidence did not astonish him, and had the effect of + acquiring for me an increase of his affection. This + augmentation of friendship, after a confession which exposed + me as a thief, proved to me that he had an accommodating + conscience. I thenceforth remained convinced that he knew + better than any other person what had become of the diamonds + of M. Senard, and that it only depended on him to give me + full and accurate information. + </p> + <p> + One evening, after a good dinner, I was boasting to him of + the delicacies of the Rhine: he heaved a deep sigh, and then + asked me if there was good wine in that country. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, yes," I answered, "goot vine and charming girl." + </p> + <p> + "Charming girl too!" + </p> + <p> + "Ya, ya." + </p> + <p> + "Landsman, shall I go with you." + </p> + <p> + "Ya, ya, me grat content." + </p> + <p> + "Ah, you content, well! I quit France, yield the old woman, + (he showed me by his fingers that Madame Moiselet was + three-and-thirty,) and in your land I take little girl no + more as fifteen years." + </p> + <p> + "Ya, bien, a girl no infant: a! you is a brave lad." + </p> + <p> + Moiselet returned more than once to his project of + emigration; he thought seriously of it, but to emigrate + liberty was requisite, and they were not inclined to let us + go out. I suggested to him + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page44" name="page44"></a>[pg + 44]</span> that he should escape with me on the first + opportunity—and when he had promised me that we would + not separate, not even to take a last adieu of his wife, I + was certain that I should soon have him in my toils. This + certainly was the result of very simple reasoning. Moiselet, + said I to myself, will follow me to Germany: people do not + travel or live on air: he relies on living well there: he is + old, and, like king Solomon, proposes to tickle his fancy + with some little Abishag of Sunem. Oh, father Moiselet has + found the <i>black hen</i>; here he has no money, therefore + his black hen is not here; but where is she? We shall soon + learn, for we are to be henceforward inseparable. + </p> + <p> + As soon as my man had made all his reflections, and that, + with his head full of his castles in Germany, he had so soon + resolved to expatriate himself, I addressed to the king's + attorney-general a letter, in which, making myself known as + the superior agent of the Police de Sûreté, I + begged him to give an order that I should be sent away with + Moiselet, he to go to Livry, and I to Paris. + </p> + <p> + We did not wait long for the order, and the jailer announced + it to us, on the eve of its being put into execution; and I + had the night before me to fortify Moiselet in his + resolutions. He persisted in them more strongly than ever, + and acceded with rapture to the proposition I made him of + effecting an escape from our escort as soon as it was + feasible. + </p> + <p> + So anxious was he to commence his journey, that he could not + sleep. At daybreak, I gave him to understand that I took him + for a thief as well as myself. + </p> + <p> + "Ah, ah, grip also," said I to him, "deep, deep + François, you not spoken, but tief all as von." + </p> + <p> + He made me no answer; but when, with my fingers squeezed + together <i>à la Normande</i>, he saw me make a + gesture of grasping something, he could not prevent himself + from smiling, with that bashful expression of <i>Yes</i>, + which he had not courage to utter. The hypocrite had some + shame about him, the shame of a devotee. I was understood. + </p> + <p> + At length the wished-for moment of departure came, which was + to enable us to accomplish our designs. Moiselet was ready + three whole hours beforehand, and to give him courage, I had + not neglected to push about the wine and brandy, and he did + not leave the prison until after having received all his + sacraments. + </p> + <p> + We were tied with a very thin cord, and on our way he made me + a signal that there would be no difficulty in breaking it. He + did not think that he should break the charm which had till + then preserved him. The further we went the more he testified + that he placed his hopes of safety in me; at each minute he + reiterated a prayer that I would not abandon him; and I as + often replied, "Ya, François, ya, I not leave you." At + length the decisive moment came, the cord was broken. I + leaped a ditch, which separated us from a thicket. Moiselet, + who seemed young again, jumped after me: one of the gendarmes + alighted to follow us, but to run and jump in jack-boots and + with a heavy sword was difficult; and whilst he made a + circuit to join us, we disappeared in a hollow, and were soon + lost to view. + </p> + <p> + A path into which we struck led us to the wood of Vaujours. + There Moiselet stopped, and having looked carefully about + him, went towards some bushes. I saw him then stoop, plunge + his arm into a thick tuft, whence he took out a spade: + arising quickly, he went on some paces without saying a word; + and when we reached a birch tree, several of the boughs of + which I observed were broken, he took off his hat and coat, + and began to dig. He went to work with so much good-will, + that his labour rapidly advanced. Suddenly he stooped down, + and then escaped from him that ha! which betokens + satisfaction, and which informed me, without the use of a + conjuror's rod, that he had found his treasure. I thought the + cooper would have fainted; but recovering himself, he made + two or three more strokes with his spade, and the box was + exposed to view. I seized on the instrument of his toil, and + suddenly changing my language, declared, in very good French, + that he was my prisoner. + </p> + <p> + "No resistance," I said, "or I will cleave your skull in + two." + </p> + <p> + At this threat he seemed in a dream; but when he knew that he + was gripped by that iron hand which had subdued the most + vigorous malefactors, he was convinced that it was no vision. + Moiselet was as quiet as a lamb. I had sworn not to leave + him, and kept my word. During the journey to the station of + the brigade of gendarmerie, where I deposited him, he + frequently cried out, + </p> + <p> + "I am done—who could have thought it? and he had such a + simple look too!" + </p> + <p> + At the assizes of Versailles, Moiselet was sentenced to six + months' solitary confinement. + </p> + <p> + M. Senard was overpowered with joy at having recovered his + hundred thousand crowns worth of diamonds. Faithful to his + system of abatement, he reduced the + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page45" name="page45"></a>[pg + 45]</span> reward one-half; and still there was difficulty in + getting five thousand francs from him, out of which I had + been compelled to expend more than two thousand: in fact, at + one moment I really thought I should have been compelled to + bear the expenses myself. + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + THE TOYMAN IS ABROAD. + </h3> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + "En fait d'inutilités, il ne faut que le + nécessaire." + </p> + </div> + </div> + <h4> + CHAMPFORT. + </h4> + <p> + There is no term in political philosophy more ambiguous and + lax in its meaning than Luxury. In Ireland, salt with a + potato is, by the peasant, placed in this category. Among the + Cossacks, a clean shirt is more than a luxury—it is an + effeminacy; and a Scotch nobleman is reported to have + declared, that the act of scratching one's self is a luxury + too great for any thing under royalty. The Russians (there is + no disputing on tastes) hold train-oil to be a prime luxury; + and I remember seeing a group of them following an exciseman + on the quays at Dover to plunder the oil casks, as they were + successively opened for his operations. A poor Finland woman, + who for her sins had married an Englishman and followed him + to this country, was very glad to avail herself of her + husband's death to leave a land where the people were so + unhappy as to be without a regular supply of seal's flesh for + their dinner. While the good man lived, her affection for him + somewhat balanced her hankering after this native luxury; but + no sooner was the husband dead, than her lawyer-like + propensity re-assumed its full force, and, like Proteus + released from his chains, she abandoned civilized life to get + back to her favourite shores, to liberty, and the animals of + her predilection. "If I were rich," said a poor farmer's boy, + "I would eat fat pudding, and ride all day on a gate;" which + was evidently his highest idea of human luxury. But it is + less with the quality of our indulgences, than their extent, + that I have now to treat. Diogenes, who prided himself on + cutting his coat according to his cloth, and thought himself + a greater man, in proportion as he diminished his wants, + placed his luxuries in idleness and sunshine, and seems to + have relished these enjoyments with as much sensuality as + Plato did his fine house and delicate fare. Even he was more + reasonable than those sectarians, who have prevailed in + almost all religions, and who, believing that the Deity + created man for the express purpose of inflicting upon him + every species of torture, have inveighed against the most + innocent gratifications, and have erected luxury into a + deadly sin. These theologians will not allow a man to eat his + breakfast with a relish; and impute it as a vice if he smacks + his lips, though it be but after a draught of water. Nay, + there have been some who have thought good roots and Adam's + ale too great luxuries for a Christian lawfully to indulge + in; and they have purposely ill-cooked their vegetables, and + mixed them with ashes, and even more disgusting things, to + mortify the flesh, as they called it—i.e. to offer a + sacrifice of their natural feelings to the demon of which + they have made a god. + </p> + <p> + Of late years, more especially, our ideas on this subject + have much enlarged; and all ranks of Englishmen hold an + infinity of objects as prime necessaries, which their more + modest ancestors ranked as luxuries, fit only for their + betters to enjoy. This should be a matter of sincere + rejoicing to all true patriots; because it affords + indubitable evidence of the progress of civilization. A + civilized gentleman differs from a savage, principally in the + multiplicity of his wants; and Mandeville, in his fable of + the bees, has proved to demonstration that extravagance is + the mother of commerce. What, indeed, are steam-engines, + macadamized roads, man-traps that break no bones, patent + cork-screws, and detonating fowling-pieces, safety coaches + and cork legs, but luxuries, at which a cynic would scoff; + yet how could a modern Englishman get on without them? It is + perfectly true that our Henries and Edwards contrived to beat + their enemies unassisted by these inventions. Books, + likewise, which were a luxury scarcely known to the wisdom of + our ancestors, are a luxury now so indispensable, that there + is hardly a mechanic who has not his little library: while a + piano forte also has become as necessary to a farm-house as a + mangle or a frying-pan; and there are actually more copies + printed of "Cherry ripe," than of Tull's husbandry. Is not a + silver fork, moreover, an acknowledged necessary in every + decent establishment? while the barbarous Mussulman dispenses + with knives and forks altogether, and eats his meal, like a + savage as he is, with his fingers. Nor can it be deemed an + objection to this hypothesis, that the Turk, who rejects all + the refinements of European civilization, excepting only + gunpowder, esteems four wives to be necessary to a decent + establishment; while the most clear-sighted + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page46" name="page46"></a>[pg + 46]</span> Englishmen think one more than enough for + enjoyment. The difference is more formal than real. + </p> + <p> + Henry the fourth of France had but one coach between himself + and his queen; whereas no respectable person can now dispense + at the least with a travelling chariot, a barouche, a cab, + and a dennet. Civilization, which received a temporary check + during the revolutionary war, has resumed its march in + double-quick time since the Continent has been opened. + Champaigne and ices have now become absolute necessaries at + tables where a bottle of humble port and a supernumerary + pudding were esteemed luxuries, fit only for honouring the + more solemn rites of hospitality. I say nothing of heads of + hair, and false (I beg pardon—artificial) teeth; + without which, at a certain age, there is no appearing. A + bald head, at the present day, is as great an indecency as + Humphrey Clinker's unmentionables; and a dismantled mouth is + an outrage on well-bred society. Then, again, how necessary + is a cigar and a meerschaum to a well-appointed man of + fashion, and how can a gentleman possibly show at Melton + without at least a dozen hunters, and two or three hacks, to + ride to cover! Yet no one in his senses would tax these + things as luxuries; or would blame his friend for getting + into the King's Bench for their indulgence. Even the most + austere judges of the land, and the most jealous juries of + tradesmen, have borne ample testimony to the reasonableness + of this modern extension of the wants of life, by the liberal + allowance of necessaries which they have sanctioned in the + tailors' bills of litigating minors. This liberality, indeed, + follows, as consequence follows cause. Some one has found, or + invented, a story of a shipwrecked traveller's hailing the + gallows as the sure token of a civilized community. But the + jest is by no means a <i>ben trovato</i>; the member of + gibbets being inversely as the perfection of social + institutions; and if any one object, that England, while it + is the best-governed country in Europe—its envy and + admiration—is also a hanging community <i>par + excellence</i>, I must beg to remind him of the intense + interest which an English public feels in the victims of + capital punishment, in the Thurtells and the Fauntleroys; as + also of the universal conviction prevailing in England, that + the gallows is a short and sure cut to everlasting happiness. + From all this, if there is any force in logic, we must + conclude, that hanging, in this country, is only applied + <i>honoris causâ</i>, as an ovation, in consideration + of the great and magnanimous daring of the Alexanders and + Caesars on a small scale, to whom the law adjudges the + "palmam qui meruit ferat." The real and true test of a + refined polity is not the gallows; but is to be found rather + in such well-imagined insolvent laws, as discharge a maximum + of debt with a minimum of assets; and rid a gentleman + annually of his duns, with the smallest possible quantity of + corporeal inconvenience. When luxuries become necessaries, + insolvency is the best safety-valve to discharge the surplus + dishonesty of the people, which, if pent up, would explode in + dangerous overt acts of crime and violence; and it should be + encouraged accordingly. + </p> + <p> + (<i>To be concluded in our next</i>.) + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + Notes of a Reader. + </h2> + <hr /> + <h3> + THE LAST OF THE PLANTAGENETS. + </h3> + <p> + The only notice which occurs of "The Last of the + Plantagenets" is, says the author of a Romance with the above + name, in Peck's "Desiderata Curiosa," where a letter is + inserted from Dr. Brett to Dr. Warren, the president of + Trinity Hall, in which he says that, calling on Lord + Winchilsea in 1720, his lordship pointed out to him this + entry in the register of Eastwell—"Anno 1550, Rycharde + Plantagenet was buryed the 22nd daye of December;" beyond + this, not a word is known of him excepting what tradition + affords, which, with some slight variations, for there are + two versions of his history, is as follows:—When Sir + Thomas Moyle built Eastwell, he observed that his principal + bricklayer, whenever he quitted his work, retired with a + book, a circumstance which attracted his attention, and on + inquiry he found he was reading Latin: he then told Sir + Thomas his secret, which was, that he was boarded with a + Latin schoolmaster, without knowing who were his relations, + until he was fifteen or sixteen; that he was occasionally + visited by a gentleman who provided for his expenses; that + this person one day took him to a fine house where he was + presented to a gentleman handsomely drest, wearing a "star + and garter," who gave him money, and conducted him back to + school; that some time afterwards the same gentleman came to + him, and took him into Leicestershire and to Bosworth Field, + when he was carried to king Richard's tent; that the king + embraced him, told him he was his son; adding, "Child, + to-morrow, I must fight for my + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page47" name="page47"></a>[pg + 47]</span> crown; and assure yourself, if I lose that, I will + lose my life too, but I hope to preserve both, do you stand + in such a place (pointing to the spot) where you may see the + battle, out of danger, and when I have gained the victory + come to me. I will then own you to be mine, and take care of + you: but if I should lose the battle, then shift as well as + you can, and take care to let nobody know that I am your + father, for no mercy will be shown to any one so nearly + related to me;" that the king gave him a purse of gold and + dismissed him; that he followed those directions, and when he + saw the battle was lost and the king slain, he hastened to + London, sold his horse and his fine clothes, and the better + to conceal himself from all suspicion of being the son of a + king, and that he might gain a livelihood, he put himself + apprentice to a bricklayer, and generally spent his spare + time in reading. Sir Thomas, finding him very old, is said to + have offered him <i>the run of his kitchen</i>, which he + declined, on the ground of his patron having a large family; + but asked his permission to build a small house in one of his + fields, and this being granted, he built a cottage, and + continued in it till his death. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + ANTIQUITIES BURLESQUED. + </h3> + <p> + We have often been amused with the different wonders of + ancient Rome, but seldom more than with the following piece + of antiquarianism burlesqued:— + </p> + <p> + M. Simond, in his Tour in Italy and Sicily, tells us that the + Coliseum is too ruinous—that the Egyptian Museum in the + Vatican puts him in mind of the five wigs in the barber + Figaro's shop-window—that the Apollo Belvidere looks + like a broken-backed young gentleman shooting at a target for + the amusement of young ladies. Speaking of the Etruscan + vases, he says, "As to the alleged elegance of form, I should + be inclined to appeal from the present to succeeding + generations, when the transformation of every pitcher, + milk-pot and butter-pan, into an antique shape, has + completely burlesqued away the classical feeling, and + restored impartiality to taste." + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + About six or seven-and-twenty years ago, an effort was made + to revive the fashion of ladies visiting the House of + Commons. The late Queen Caroline, then Princess of Wales, + upon one or two occasions made her appearance, with a female + attendant, in the side-gallery. The royal visit soon became + generally known, and several other females were tempted to + follow the example. Among these was Mrs. Sheridan, the wife + of the late Right Honourable Richard Brinsley Sheridan; but + this lady, considering herself an intruder, to whose + presence, if known, exception might be taken, thought fit to + disguise her person in male attire. Her fine dark hair was + combed smooth on her forehead, and made to sit close, in good + puritanical trim, while a long, loose, brown coat concealed + her feminine proportions. Thus prepared, she took her seat in + the Strangers' Gallery, anxious to witness a display of her + husband's eloquence; but he did not speak, and the debate + proved without any interest. The female aspirants whose taste + was thus excited, were, however, confined to a few + blue-stocking belles, without influence to set the fashion; + and the attempt did not succeed. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + MOCHA. + </h3> + <p> + The buildings of Mocha are so white, that it seems as if + excavated from a quarry of marble; and this whiteness of the + town forms a curious contrast with the blueness of the sea. + The materials, however, of which Mocha is constructed, are + nothing better than unburnt bricks, plastered over, and + whitewashed. The coffee bean is cultivated in the interior, + and is thence brought to Mocha for exportation. The Arabs + themselves use the husks, which make but an inferior + infusion. Vegetables are grown round the town, and fruits are + brought from Senna; while grain, horses, asses, and sheep, + are imported from Abyssinia. There are twelve schools in the + town; and, inland, near Senna, there are colleges, in which + the twelve branches of Mohomedan sciences are taught, as is + usual in Turkey and India. Arab women marry about the age of + sixteen; they are allowed great liberty in visiting one + another, and can divorce their husbands on very slight + grounds. Every lady who pays a visit, carries a small bag of + coffee with her, which enables "her to enjoy society without + putting her friends to expense."—<i>Lushington's + Journey from Calcutta to Europe.</i> + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + ENGLISH AND FOREIGN NEWSPAPERS. + </h3> + <p> + Every one acquainted with the public press of Europe, must + have observed the contrast which a London Newspaper forms + with the journals of every other capital in Europe. The + foreign journals never break in upon the privacy of + <span class="pagenum"><a id="page48" name="page48"></a>[pg + 48]</span> domestic life. There the fame of parties and + dinners is confined to the rooms which constitute their + scene, and the names of the individuals who partake of them + never travel out of their own circle. How widely different is + the practice of the London Journals! A lady of fashion can + find no place so secret where she can hide herself from their + search. They follow her from town to country, from the + country to the town. They trace her from the breakfast-table + to the Park, from the Park to the dinner-table, from thence + to the Opera or the ball, and from her boudoir to her bed. + They trace her every where. She may make as many doubles as a + hare, but they are all in vain; it is impossible to escape + pursuit; and yet the introduction of female names into the + daily newspapers, now so common, is only of modern date. + </p> + <p> + The late Sir Henry Dudley Bate, editor of <i>The Morning + Herald</i>, was the first person who introduced females into + the columns of a newspaper. He was at the time editor of + <i>The Morning Post</i>.— <i>New Monthly Magazine</i>. + </p> + <hr class="full" /> + <h2> + The Gatherer. + </h2> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <h4> + SHAKSPEARE. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + REFLECTION IN A FLOWER GARDEN. + </h3> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + I hate the flower whose wanton breast<a id="footnotetag9" + name="footnotetag9"></a><a href="#footnote9"><sup>9</sup></a> + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Awaits the sun at morn and noon, + </p> + <p> + And when he's hid behind the west, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + As gaily flaunteth with the moon. + </p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> + Mine be the flower of virgin leaf, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + That when its sire has left the plain, + </p> + <p> + Wraps up its charms in silent grief, + </p> + <p class="i2"> + Nor ope's them till he comes again. + </p> + </div> + </div> + <h4> + E.K. + </h4> + <hr /> + <h3> + A "THIN NIGHT" AT VAUXHALL. + </h3> + <p> + There were fewer audience than performers, and those made up + of fellows evidently not in the habit of shirt-wearing; of + women there were very few— of ladies none; the + fireworks were bad and brief, and the waterworks the most + absurd affair I ever beheld; the thing was overdone. To the + people who would like to go to Vauxhall in fine weather, + second-rate Italian singing and broken down English prima + donnas are no inducement, a bad ballet in a booth has no + attraction, and an attempt at variety mars the whole affair. + Vauxhall is a delightful place to go to in fine weather with + a pleasant party; give us space to walk, light up that space, + and shelter us from the elements, set the military bands to + play popular airs, and we ask no more for our four or five + shillings, or whatever it is; but the moment tumbling is + established in various parts of the garden, and the whole + thing is made a sort of Bartholomew Fair, the object of + breathing a little fresher air, and hearing ourselves talk is + ended; crowds of raffs in boots and white neckcloths attended + by their dowdy damsels and waddling wives, rush from one + place to another, helter skelter, knocking over the few quiet + people to whom the "sights" are a novelty; turning what in + the days of the late Lady Castlereagh, the present Duchess of + Bedford, the first Duchess of Devonshire, and the last + Duchess of Gordon (but one) was a delightful reunion of + fashion, into a tea-garden (without tea) or a + bear-garden—not without bears.—<i>Sharpe's + Magazine</i>. + </p> + <hr /> + <h3> + NAPOLEON BONAPARTE AND LORD NOEL BYRON. + </h3> + <p> + It is a singular coincidence, not unworthy of remark, that + the initials of two of the most singular men of their own, + and perhaps of any age, the Emperor Napoleon of France, and + Lord Noel Byron of England, used the same letters as an + abbreviation of their name, N.B. which likewise denotes + <i>Nota Bene</i>. It was not the habit of either to affix his + name to letters, but merely N.B.—R.W. + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + LIMBIRD'S EDITION<br /> + of the <i>following novels is already published</i>: + </p> + <pre> + s. d. + Mackenzie's Man of Feeling 0 6 + Paul and Virginia 0 6 + The Castle of Otranto 0 6 + Almoran and Hamet 0 6 + Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia 0 6 + The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne 0 6 + Rasselas 0 8 + The Old English Baron 0 8 + Nature and Art 0 8 + Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield 0 10 + Sicilian Romance 0 10 + The Man of the World 1 0 + A Simple Story 1 4 + Joseph Andrews 1 6 + Humphry Clinker 1 8 + The Romance of the Forest 1 8 + The Italian 2 0 + Zeluco, by Dr. Moore 2 6 + Edward, by Dr. Moore 2 6 + Roderick Random 2 6 + The Mysteries of Udolpho 3 6 + Peregrine Pickle 4 6 +</pre> + <hr class="full" /> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p> + Probably a corruption of Benones Bridge, as it is within + four miles of the Roman station, Benones, now High Cross. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a> <b>Footnote 2</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p> + Vitellius had great weight and influence in the reign of + Claudius; Vespasian at that time paid his court to the + favourite, and also to Narcissus, the emperor's freedman. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"></a> <b>Footnote 3</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a> + <p> + Now in the possession of the Rev. P. Homer, of Rugby. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"></a> <b>Footnote 4</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a> + <p> + In the possession of Mr. Matthew Bloxam, of the same place. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"></a> <b>Footnote 5</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag5">(return)</a> + <p> + Edited by that distinguished and learned antiquary, Wm. + Hamper, of Birmingham, Esq., in his <i>Life of Dugdale</i>. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote6" name="footnote6"></a> <b>Footnote 6</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag6">(return)</a> + <p> + Another correspondent, <i>Amicus</i>, states that the grant + of the Pension was in the possession of the Rector of + Cheriton, in Hampshire, and was "lost by him to Government, + a short time before his death, in the year 1825." + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote7" name="footnote7"></a> <b>Footnote 7</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag7">(return)</a> + <p> + <i>Cobbold</i>, in mining countries, especially Cornwall, + is the legendary guardian spirit of the mine, and severe + master of its treasures. In Germany, Sweden, &c. the + Cobbold may be traced under various modifications and + titles. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote8" name="footnote8"></a> <b>Footnote 8</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag8">(return)</a> + <p> + Magazine of Natural History, No.1. + </p> + </blockquote> + <blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote9" name="footnote9"></a> <b>Footnote 9</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag9">(return)</a> + <p> + There be some flowers that do remain quite unclosed, during + not only the day, but during also the night. There be + others which do likewise open during the day, albeit when + night cometh, they close themselves up until the sun do + appear, when they again ope their + beautifulness.—<i>Old Botanist</i>. + </p> + </blockquote> + <hr class="full" /> + + <div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11332 ***</div> +</body> +</html> |