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diff --git a/11282-h/11282-h.htm b/11282-h/11282-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3530a0c --- /dev/null +++ b/11282-h/11282-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1764 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; +charset=UTF-8" /> + + <title>The Mirror of Literature, Issue 336.</title> + + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + + .note, .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 8em;} + + .figure {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img {border: none;} + .figure p + --> + </style> +</head> +<body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11282 ***</div> + + <hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page241" name="page241"></a>[pg 241]</span> + + <h1>THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> + <hr class="full" /> + + <table width="100%" summary="Banner"> + <tr> + <td align="left"><b>Vol. XII. No. 336.]</b></td> + <td align="center"><b>OCTOBER 13, 1828.</b></td> + <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + +<h2> + Richmond Palace +</h2> + +<div class="figure" style="width: 100%;"> + <a href="images/336-1.png"><img width="100%" src="images/336-1.png" +alt="Richmond Palace" /></a> + </div> + +<p> + Richmond has comparatively but few antiquarian or poetical visiters, + notwithstanding all its associations with the ancient splendour of the + English court, and the hallowed names of Pope and Thomson. Maurice sings, +</p> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> To thy sequester'd bow'rs and wooded height,</p> +<p> That ever yield my soul renew'd delight,</p> +<p> Richmond, I fly! with all thy beauties fir'd,</p> +<p> By raptur'd poets sung, by kings admir'd!</p> +</div></div> +<p> + but ninety-nine out of a hundred who visit Richmond, thank the gods they + are not poetical, fly off to the <i>Star and Garter</i> hill, and content + themselves with the inspirations of its well-stored cellars. All this + corresponds with the turtle-feasting celebrity of the modern <i>Sheen</i>; but + it ill accords with the antiquarian importance and resplendent scenery of + this delightful country. +</p> +<p> + Our engraving is from a very old drawing, representing the palace at + Richmond, as built by Henry VII. The manor-house at Sheen, a little east + of the bridge, and close by the river side, became a <i>royal palace</i> in + the time of Edward I., for he and his successor resided here. Edward III. + died here in 1377. Queen Anne, the consort of his successor, died here in + 1394. Deeply affected at her death, he, according to Holinshed, "caused + it to be thrown down and defaced; whereas the former kings of this land, + being wearie of the citie, used customarily thither to resort as to a + place of pleasure, and serving highly to their recreation." Henry V., + however, restored the palace to its former magnificence; and Henry VII. + held, in 1492, a grand tournament here. In 1499, it was almost consumed + by fire, when Henry rebuilt the palace, and gave it the name of RICHMOND. +</p> +<p> + Cardinal Wolsey frequently resided here; and Hall, in his Chronicles, + says, that "when the common people, and especially such as had been + servants of Henry VII., saw the cardinal keep house in the manor royal at + Richmond, which that monarch so highly esteemed, it was a marvel to hear + how they grudged, saying, 'so a butcher's dogge doth lie in the manor of + Richmond!'"<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> +</p> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page242" name="page242"></a>[pg 242]</span> + Queen Elizabeth was prisoner at Richmond during the reign of her sister + Mary; after she came to the throne, the palace was her favourite + residence; and here she died in 1608. Charles I. formed a large + collection of pictures here; and Charles II. was educated at Richmond. On + the restoration, the palace was in a very dismantled state, and having, + during the commonwealth, been plundered and defaced, it never recovered + its pristine splendour. +</p> +<p> + The survey taken by order of parliament in 1649, affords a minute + description of the palace. The great hall was one hundred feet in length, + and forty in breadth, having a screen at the lower end, over which was + "fayr foot space in the higher end thereof, the pavement of square tile, + well lighted and seated; at the north end having a turret, or clock-case, + covered with lead, which is a special ornament to this building." The + prince's lodgings are described as a "freestone building, three stories + high, with <i>fourteen turrets</i> covered with lead," being "a very graceful + ornament to the whole house, and perspicuous to the county round about." + A round tower is mentioned, called the "Canted Tower," with a staircase + of one hundred and twenty-four steps. The chapel was ninety-six feet long + and forty broad, with cathedral-seats and pews. Adjoining the prince's + garden was an open gallery, two hundred feet long, over which was a close + gallery of similar length. Here was also a royal library. Three pipes + supplied the palace with water, one from the white conduit in the new + park, another from the conduit in the town fields, and the third from a + conduit near the alms-houses in Richmond. In 1650, it was sold for + 10,000<i>l</i>. to private persons. +</p> +<p> + All the accounts which have come down to us describe the furniture and + decorations of the ANCIENT PALACE as very superb, exhibiting in gorgeous + tapestry the deeds of kings and of heroes who had signalized themselves + by their conquests throughout France in behalf of their country. +</p> +<p> + The site of Richmond Palace is now occupied by noble mansions; but AN OLD + ARCHWAY, seen from <i>the Green</i>, still remains as a melancholy memorial of + its regal splendour. +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3> + EPITOME OF COMETS. +</h3> +<p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) +</p> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> "Hast thou ne'er seen the Comet's flaming flight?"</p> +</div></div> +<h4> + YOUNG. +</h4> +<p> + Comets, according to Sir Isaac Newton, are compact, solid, fixed, and + durable bodies: in one word, a kind of planets, which move in very + oblique orbits, every way, with the greatest freedom, persevering in + their motions even against the course and direction of the planets; and + their tail is a very thin, slender vapour, emitted by the head, or + nucleus of the comet, ignited or heated by the sun. +</p> +<p> + There are <i>bearded</i>, <i>tailed</i>, and <i>hairy</i> comets; thus, when the comet is + eastward of the sun, and moves from it, it is said to be <i>bearded</i>, + because the light precedes it in the manner of a beard. When the comet is + westward of the sun, and sets after it, it is said to be <i>tailed</i>, + because the train follows it in the manner of a tail. Lastly, when the + comet and the sun are diametrically opposite (the earth being between + them) the train is hid behind the body of the comet, excepting a little + that appears around it in the form of a border of hair, or <i>coma</i>, it is + called <i>hairy</i>, and whence the name of comet is derived. +</p> +<p> + For the conservation of the water and moisture of the planets, comets + (says Sir Isaac Newton) seem absolutely requisite; from whose condensed + vapours and exhalations all that moisture which is spent on vegetations + and putrefactions, and turned into dry earth, may be resupplied and + recruited; for all vegetables increase wholly from fluids, and turn by + putrefaction into earth. Hence the quantity of dry earth must continually + increase, and the moisture of the globe decrease, and at last be quite + evaporated, if it have not a continual supply. And I suspect (adds Sir + Isaac) that the spirit which makes the finest, subtilest, and best part + of our air, and which is absolutely requisite for the life and being of + all things, comes principally from the comets. +</p> +<p> + Another use which he conjectures comets may be designed to serve, is that + of recruiting the sun with fresh fuel, and repairing the consumption of + his light by the streams continually sent forth in every direction from + that luminary— +</p> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> "From his huge vapouring train perhaps to shake</p> +<p> Reviving moisture on the numerous orbs,</p> +<p> Thro' which his long ellipsis winds; perhaps</p> +<p> To lend new fuel to declining suns,</p> +<p> To light up worlds, and feed th' ethereal fire."</p> +</div></div> +<h4> + THOMSON. +</h4> +<p> + Newton has computed that the sun's +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page243" name="page243"></a>[pg 243]</span> + heat in the comet of 1680,<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> +was, to + his heat with us at Midsummer, as twenty-eight thousand to one; and that + the heat of the body of the comet was near two thousand times as great as + that of red-hot iron. The same great author also calculates, that a globe + of red-hot iron, of the dimensions of our earth, would scarce be cool in + fifty thousand years. If then the comet be supposed to cool a hundred + times as fast as red-hot iron, yet, since its heat was two thousand times + greater, supposing it of the bigness of the earth, it would not be cool + in a million of years. +</p> +<p> + An elegant writer in the Guardian, says, "I cannot forbear reflecting on + the insignificance of human art, when set in comparison with the designs + of Providence. In pursuit of this thought, I considered a comet, or in + the language of the vulgar, a blazing star, as a sky-rocket discharged by + a hand that is Almighty. Many of my readers saw that in the year 1680, + and if they were not mathematicians, will be amazed to hear, that it + travelled with a much greater degree of swiftness than a cannon ball, and + drew after it a tail of fire that was fourscore millions of miles in + length. What an amazing thought is it to consider this stupendous body + traversing the immensity of the creation with such a rapidity; and at the + same time wheeling about in that line which the Almighty had prescribed + for it! That it should move in such inconceivable fury and combustion, + and at the same time with such an exact regularity! How spacious must the + universe be, that gives such bodies as these their full play, without + suffering the least disorder or confusion by it. What a glorious show are + those beings entertained with, that can look into this great theatre of + nature, and see myriads of such tremendous objects wandering through + those immeasurable depths of ether, and running their appointed courses! + Our eyes may hereafter be strong enough to command the magnificent + prospect, and our understandings able to find out the several uses of + these great parts of the universe. In the meantime, they are very proper + objects for our imagination to contemplate, that we may form more + extensive notions of infinite wisdom and power, and learn to think humbly + of ourselves, and of all the little works of human invention." Seneca saw + three comets, and says, "I am not of the common opinion, nor do I take a + comet to be a sudden fire; but esteem it among the eternal works of + nature." +</p> +<h4> + P.T.W. +</h4> +<hr /> +<h3> + SONNETS. +</h3> +<center> + BY LEIGH CLIFFE, AUTHOR OF "PARGA," "THE KNIGHTS OF RITZBERG," &c. +</center> +<p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) +</p> +<h3> + TO THE SUN. +</h3> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> Hail to thee, fountain of eternal light,</p> +<p> Streaming with dewy radiance in the sky!</p> +<p> Rising like some huge giant from the night,</p> +<p> While the dark shadows from thy presence fly.</p> +<p> Enshrin'd in mantle of a varied dye,</p> +<p> Thou hast been chambering in the topmost clouds,</p> +<p> List'ning to peeping, glist'ning stars on high,</p> +<p> Pillow'd upon their thin, aërial shrouds;</p> +<p> But when the breeze of dawn refreshfully</p> +<p> Swept the rude waters of the ocean flood,</p> +<p> And the dark pines breath'd from each leaf a sigh,</p> +<p> To wake the sylvan genius of the wood,</p> +<p> Thou burst in glory on our dazzled sight,</p> +<p> In thy resplendent charms, a flood of golden light!</p> +</div></div> +<h3> + TO THE MOON. +</h3> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> Spirit of heaven! shadow-mantled queen,</p> +<p> In mildest beauty peering in the sky,</p> +<p> Radiant with light! 'Tis sweet to see thee lean,</p> +<p> As if to listen, from cloud-worlds on high,</p> +<p> Whilst murmuring nightingales voluptuously</p> +<p> Breathe their soft melody, and dew-drops lie</p> +<p> Upon the myrtle blooms and oaken leaves,</p> +<p> And the winds sleep in sullen peacefulness!</p> +<p> Oh! it is then that gentle Fancy weaves</p> +<p> The vivid visions of the soul, which bless</p> +<p> The poet's mind, and with sweet phantasies,</p> +<p> Like grateful odours shed refreshfully</p> +<p> From angels' wings of glistening beauty, tries</p> +<p> To waken pleasure, and to stifle sighs!</p> +</div></div> +<hr /> +<h3> + EMBLEM OF WALES. +</h3> +<p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) +</p> +<p> + It is supposed by some of the Welsh, and in some notes to a poem the + author (Mr. P. Lewellyn) says he has been confidently assured, that the + leek, as is generally supposed to be, is not the original emblem of Wales, + but the sive, or chive, which is common to almost every peasant's garden. + It partakes of the smell and taste of the onion and leek, but is not so + noxious, and is much handsomer than the latter. It grows in a wild state + on the banks of the Wye, infinitely larger than when planted in gardens. + According to the above-mentioned author, the manner in which it became + the national emblem of Cambria was as follows:—As a prince of Wales was + returning victorious from battle, he wished to have some leaf or flower + to commemorate the event; but it being winter, no plant or shrub was seen + until they came to the Wye, when they beheld the sive, which the prince + commanded to be worn as a memorial of the victory. +</p> +<p> + <i>Tipton, Staffordshire.</i> +</p> +<h4> + W.H. +</h4> +<hr /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="page244" name="page244"></a>[pg 244]</span></p> +<h3> + HISTORY OF FAIRS. +</h3> +<p> + (<i>For the Mirror.</i>) +</p> +<p> + Fairs, among the old Romans, were holidays, on which there was an + intermission of labour and pleadings. Among the Christians, upon any + extraordinary solemnity, particularly the anniversary dedication of a + church, tradesmen were wont to bring and sell their wares even in the + churchyards, which continued especially upon the festivals of the + dedication. This custom was kept up till the reign of Henry VI. Thus we + find a great many fairs kept at these festivals of dedications, as at + Westminster on St. Peter's day, at London on St. Bartholomew's, Durham on + St. Cuthbert's day. But the great numbers of people being often the + occasion of riots and disturbances, the privilege of holding a fair was + granted by royal charter. At first they were only allowed in towns and + places of strength, or where there was some bishop or governor of + condition to keep them in order. In process of time there were several + circumstances of favour added, people having the protection of a holiday, + and being allowed freedom from arrests, upon the score of any difference + not arising upon the spot. They had likewise a jurisdiction allowed them + to do justice to those that came thither; and therefore the most + inconsiderable fair with us has, or had, a court belonging to it, which + takes cognizance of all manner of causes and disorders growing and + committed upon the place, called <i>pye powder</i>, or <i>pedes pulverizati</i>. + Some fairs are free, others charged with tolls and impositions. At free + fairs, traders, whether natives or foreigners, are allowed to enter the + kingdom, and are under the royal protection in coming and returning. + They and their agents, with their goods, also their persons and goods, + are exempt from all duties and impositions, tolls and servitudes; and + such merchants going to or coming from the fair cannot be arrested, or + their goods stopped. The prince only has the power to establish fairs of + any kind. These fairs make a considerable article in the commerce of + Europe, especially those of the Mediterranean, or inland parts, as + Germany. The most famous are those of Frankfort and Leipsic; the fairs + of Novi, in the Milanese; that of Riga, Arch-angel of St. Germain, at + Paris; of Lyons; of Guibray, in Normandy; and of Beauclaire, in + Languedoc: those of Porto-Bello, Vera Cruz, and the Havannah, are the + most considerable in America. +</p> +<h4> + HALBERT. +</h4> +<hr /> +<h3> + THE VIRGINAL. +</h3> +<p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) +</p> +<p> + A rare and beautiful relic of the olden time was lately presented to the + museum of the Northern Institution, by William Mackintosh, Esq. of + Milbank—an ancient virginal, which was in use among our ancestors prior + to the invention of the spinnet and harpsichord. Mary, Queen of Scots, + who delighted in music, in her moments of "joyeusitie" as John Knox + phrases it, used to play finely on the virginal; and her more fortunate + rival, Queen Elizabeth, was so exquisite a performer on the same + instrument, that Melville says, on hearing her once play in her chamber, + he was irresistibly drawn into the room. The virginal now deposited in + the museum formerly belonged to a noble family in Inverness, and is + considered to be the only one remaining in Scotland. It is made of oak, + inlaid with cedar, and richly ornamented with gold. The cover and sides + are beautifully painted with figures of birds, flowers, and leaves, the + colours of which are still comparatively fresh and undecayed. On one part + of the lid is a grand procession of warriors, whom a bevy of fair dames + are propitiating by presents or offerings of wine and fruits. Altogether, + the virginal may be regarded as a fine specimen of art, and is doubly + interesting as a memorial of times long gone by. +</p> +<h4> + W.G.C. +</h4> +<hr /> +<h3> + HERSCHEL'S TELESCOPE. +</h3> +<p> + (<i>To the Editor of the Mirror</i>.) +</p> +<p> + Your correspondent, a <i>Constant Reader</i>, in No. 330 of the MIRROR, is + informed that the identical telescope which he mentions is now in the + possession of Mr. J. Davies, optician, 101, High-street, Mary-le-bone, + where it may be seen in a finished and perfect state. It is reckoned the + best and most complete of its size in Europe. +</p> +<p> + It was ordered to be made for his late majesty George III. as a challenge + against the late Dr. Herschel's; but was prevented from being completed + till some time after. The metals, 9-1/4 inches in diameter, having a + diagonal eye-piece, four eye tubes of different magnifying powers, and + three small specula of various radii, were made by Mr. Watson. +</p> +<h4> + J.D. +</h4> +<hr /> +<h3> + ANCIENT ROMAN FESTIVALS. +</h3> +<hr /> +<center> + OCTOBER. +</center> +<p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) +</p> +<p> + The <i>Augustalia</i> was a festival at Rome, in commemoration of the day on + which Augustus returned to Rome, after he had +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page245" name="page245"></a>[pg 245]</span> + established peace over the + different parts of the empire. It was first established in the year of + Rome 735. +</p> +<p> + The <i>Fontinalia</i>, or <i>Fontanalia</i>, was a religious feast, held among the + Romans in honour of the deities who presided over fountains or springs. + Varro observes, that it was the custom to visit the wells on those days, + and to cast crowns into fountains. This festival was observed on the 13th + of October. +</p> +<p> + The <i>Armilustrum</i> was a feast held on the 19th of October, wherein they + sacrificed, armed at all points, and with the sound of trumpets. The + sacrifice was intended for the expiation of the armies, and the + prosperity of the arms of the people of Rome. This feast may be + considered as a kind of benediction of arms. It was first observed among + the Athenians. +</p> +<h4> + P.T.W. +</h4> +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2> + THE ANECDOTE GALLERY. +</h2> +<center> + LORD BYRON AT MISSOLONGHI. +</center> +<p> + [The <i>Foreign Quarterly Review</i> gives the following sketch as a + "<i>pendant</i> to Mr. Pouqueville's picture of the poet, given in a + preceding page," and requoted by us in the last No. of the MIRROR. It is + from a History of Greece, by Rizo, a Wallachian sentimentalist of the + first order, and in enthusiasm and exuberance of style, it will perhaps + compare with any previous sketches of the late Lord Byron: but the + romantic interest which Rizo has thrown about these "more last words" + will doubtless render them acceptable to our readers.] +</p> +<p> + For several years a man, a poet, excited the admiration of civilized + people. His sublime genius towered above the atmosphere, and penetrated, + with a searching look, even into the deepest abysses of the human heart. + Envy, which could not reach the poet, attacked the man, and wounded him + cruelly; but, too great to defend, and too generous to revenge himself, + he only sought for elevated impressions, and "<i>vivoit de grand + sensations</i>," (which we cannot translate), capable of the most noble + devotedness, and, persuaded that excellence is comprised in justice, he + embraced the cause of the Greeks. Still young, Byron had traversed Greece, + <i>properly so called</i>, and described the moral picture of its inhabitants. + He quitted these countries, pitying in his verses the misery of the + Greeks, blaming their lethargy, and despising their stupid submission; so + difficult is it to know a nation by a rapid glance. What was the + astonishment of the poet, when some years later he saw these people, whom + he had thought unworthy to bear the name of Greeks, rise up with + simultaneous eagerness, and declare, in the face of the world, that "they + <i>would</i> again become a nation." Byron hesitated at first; ancient + prepossessions made him attribute this rupture to a partial convulsion, + the ultimate effort of a being ready to breathe the last sigh. Soon new + prodigies, brilliant exploits, and heroic constancy, which sustained + itself in spite of every opposition, proved to him that he had ill-judged + this people, and excited him to repair his error by the sacrifice of his + fortune and life; he wished to concur in the work of regeneration. From + the shores of the beautiful Etruria he set sail for Greece, in the month + of August, 1823. He visited at first the seven Ionian Isles, where he + sojourned some time, busied in concluding the first Greek loan. The death + of Marco Botzaris redoubled the enthusiasm of Byron, and perhaps + determined him to prefer the town of Missolonghi, which already showed + for its glory the tombs of Normann, Kyriakoulis, and Botzaris. Alas! that + town was destined, four months later, to reckon another mausoleum! +</p> +<p> + Towards the month of November a Hydriote brig of war, commanded by the + nephew of the brave Criézy, sailed to Cephalonia to take him on board, + and bring him to Missolonghi; but the Septinsular government, not + permitting ships bearing a Greek flag to come into its harbours, Byron + was obliged to pass to Zante in a small vessel, and to join the Greek + brig afterwards, which was waiting for him near Zante. Hardly was Byron + on board when he kissed the mainmast, calling it "<i>sacred wood</i>." The + ship's crew astonished at this whimsical behaviour, regarded him in + silence; suddenly Byron turned towards the captain and the sailors, whom + he embraced with tears, and said to them, "It is by this wood that you + will consolidate your independence." At these words the sailors, moved + with enthusiasm, regarded him with admiration. Byron soon reached + Missolonghi: the members of the Administrative Council received him at + the head of two thousand soldiers drawn up in order. The artillery of the + place, and the discharge of musquetry announced the happy arrival of this + great man. All the inhabitants ran to the shore, and welcomed him with + acclamations. As soon as he had entered the town, he went to the hotel of + the Administrative Council, where he was complimented by Porphyrios, + Archbishop of Arta, Lepanto and Etolia, accompanied by all his clergy. + The first words of Byron were, "Where is the brother of the modern + Leonidas?" Constantine Botzaris, a young man, tall and well made, + immediately stepped forward, and Byron thus accosted him:—"Happy mortal! + Thou art the brother +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page246" name="page246"></a>[pg 246]</span> + of a hero, whose name will never be effaced in the + lapse of ages!" Then perceiving a great crowd assembled under the windows + of the hotel, he advanced towards the casement, and said, "Hellenes! you + see amongst you an Englishman who has never ceased to study Greece in her + antiquity, and to think of her in her modern state; an Englishman who has + always invoked by his vows that liberty, for which you are now making so + many heroic efforts. I am grateful for the sentiments which you testify + towards me; in a short time you will see me in the middle of your + phalanxes, to conquer or perish with you." A month afterwards the + government sent him a deputation, charged to offer him a sword and the + patent of Greek citizenship; at the same time the town of Missolonghi + inscribed him in its archives. For this public act they prepared a solemn + ceremony for him; they fixed beforehand the day—they invited there by + circular letters the inhabitants of the neighbouring districts—and more + than twenty thousand persons arrived at Missolonghi. Byron in a Greek + costume, preceded and followed by all the military, who loved him, + proceeded to the church, where the Archbishop Porphyrios and the bishop + of Rogon, Joseph, that martyr of religion and his country, received him + in the vestibule of the church, clothed in their sacerdotal habits; and, + after having celebrated mass, they offered him the sword and the patent + of citizenship. Byron demanded that the sword should be first dedicated + on the tomb of Marco Botzaris; and immediately the whole retinue, and an + immense crowd, went out of the church to the tomb of that warrior, which + had been ornamented with beautiful marble at the expense of the poet. +</p> +<p> + The archbishop placed the sword upon this tomb, and then Byron, to + inspire the Greeks with enthusiasm, advanced with a religious silence, + and stopping all on a sudden, he pronounced this discourse in the Greek + tongue:—"What man reposes buried under this stone? What hollow voice + issues from this tomb? What is this sepulchre, from whence will spring + the happiness of Greece? But what am I saying? Is it not the tomb of + Marco Botzaris, who has been dead some months, and who, with a handful of + brave men, precipitated himself upon the numerous ranks of the most + formidable enemies of Greece? How dare I approach the sacred place where + he reposes—I, who neither possess his heroism nor his virtues? However, + in touching this tomb, I hope that its emanations will always inflame my + heart with patriotism." So saying, and advancing towards the sepulchre, + he kissed it while shedding tears. Every spectator exclaimed, "Lord Byron + for ever!" "I see," added his lordship, "the sword and the letter of + citizenship, which the government offers me; from this day I am the + fellow-citizen of this hero, and of all the brave people who surround me. + Hellenes! I hope to live with you, to fight the enemy with you, and to + die with you if it be necessary." Byron, superior to vulgar prejudice, + saw in the manners of the <i>pallikares</i> an ingenuous simplicity, a manly + frankness and rustic procedure, but full of honour; he observed in the + people a docility and constancy capable of the greatest efforts, when it + shall be conducted by skilful and virtuous men; he observed amongst the + Greek women natural gaiety, unstudied gentleness, and religious + resignation to misfortunes. +</p> +<p> + Byron did not pretend to bend a whole people to his tastes and European + habits. He came not to censure with a stern look their costumes, their + dances, and their music; on the contrary, he entered into their national + dances, he learned their warlike songs, he dressed himself like them, he + spoke their language; in a word, he soon became a true <i>Roumeliote</i>. + Consequently, he was adored by all Western Greece; every captain + acknowledged him with pleasure as his chief; the proud Souliots gloried + in being under his immediate command. The funds of the first loan being + addressed to him, and submitted to his inspection, gave him influence, + not only over continental Greece, but even over the Peloponnesus; so that + he was in a situation, if not sufficient to stifle discord, at least to + keep it within bounds. Not having yet fathomed the character of all the + chief people, as well civil as military, he was sometimes deceived in the + beginning of his sojourn, which a little hurt his popularity; but being + completely above trifling passions, being able to strengthen by his union + with it the party which appeared to him the most patriotic, he might + without any doubt, with time and experience, have played a part the most + magnificent and salutary to Greece. At first he had constructed, at his + own expense, a fort in the little isle of Xéclamisma, the capture of + which would have given great facilities to the enemies to attack by sea + Missolonghi or Anatoliko. Missolonghi gave to this important fort the + name of "Fort Byron." This nobleman conceived afterwards, studied and + prepared an expedition against the strong place of Lepanto, the capture + of which would have produced consequences singularly favourable. +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page247" name="page247"></a>[pg 247]</span> + Once in + possession of the means of regularly paying the soldiers, he would have + been able to form a choice body, and take the town, which did not present + any difficulty of attack, either on account of the few troops shut up + there, or the weakness of its fortifications. Byron only waited the + arrival of the loan, to begin his march. +</p> +<p> + Thus he led an agreeable life in the midst of a nation which he aimed at + saving. Enchanted with the bravery of the Souliots, and their manners, + which recalled to him the simplicity of Homeric times, he assisted at + their banquets, extended upon the turf; he learnt their pyrrhic dance, + and he sang in unison the airs of Riga, harmonizing his steps to the + sound of their national mandolin. Alas! he carried too far his benevolent + condescension. Towards the beginning of April he went to hunt in the + marshes of Missolonghi. He entered on foot in the shallows; he came out + quite wet, and, following the example of the <i>pallikares</i> accustomed to + the <i>malaria</i>, he would not change his clothes, and persisted in having + them dried upon his body. Attacked with an inflammation upon the lungs, + he refused to let himself be bled, notwithstanding the intreaties of his + physician, of Maurocordato and all his friends. His malady quickly grew + worse; on the fourth day Byron became delirious; by means of bleeding he + recovered from his drowsiness, but without being able to speak; then, + feeling his end approaching, he gave his attendants to understand that he + wished to take leave of the captains and all the Souliots. As each + approached, Byron made a sign to them to kiss him. At last he expired in + the arms of Maurocordato, whilst pronouncing the names of his daughter + and of Greece. His death was fatal to the nation, which it plunged in + mourning and tears. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + MANNERS & CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS. +</h3> +<hr /> +<center> + CEREMONIES RELATING TO THE HAIR. +</center> +<p> + (<i>For the Mirror</i>.) +</p> +<p> + Among the ancient Greeks, all dead persons were thought to be under the + jurisdiction of the infernal deities, and therefore no man (says Potter) + could resign his life, till some of his hairs were cut to consecrate to + them. During the ceremony of laying out, clothing the dead, and sometimes + the interment itself, the hair of the deceased person was hung upon the + door, to signify the family was in mourning. It was sometimes laid upon + the dead body, sometimes cast into the funeral pile, and sometimes placed + upon the grave. Electra in Sophocles says, that Agamemnon had commanded + her and Chrysothemis to pay him this honour:— +</p> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> "With drink-off'rings and <i>locks</i> of <i>hair</i> we must,</p> +<p> According to his will, his <i>tomb</i> adorn."</p> +</div></div> +<p> + Candace in Ovid bewails her calamity, in that she was not permitted to + adorn her lover's tomb with her locks. +</p> +<p> + At Patroclus's funeral, the Grecians, to show their affection and + respect to him, covered his body with their hair; Achilles cast it into + the funeral pile. The custom of nourishing the hair on religious + accounts seems to have prevailed in most nations. Osiris, the Egyptian, + consecrated his hair to the gods, as we learn from Diodorus; and in + Arian's account of India, it appears it was a custom there to preserve + their hair for some god, which they first learnt (as that author + reports) from Bacchus. +</p> +<p> + The Greeks and Romans wore false hair. It was esteemed a peculiar honour + among the ancient Gauls to have long hair. For this reason Julius Caesar, + upon subduing the Gauls, made them cut off their hair, as a token of + submission. In the royal family of France, it was a long time the + peculiar mark and privilege of kings and princes of the blood to wear + long hair, artfully dressed and curled; every body else being obliged to + be polled, or cut round, in sign of inferiority and obedience. In the + eighth century, it was the custom of people of quality to have their + children's hair cut the first time by persons they had a particular + honour and esteem for, who, in virtue of this ceremony, were reputed a + sort of spiritual parents or godfathers to them. In the year 1096, there + was a canon, importing, that such as wore long hair should be excluded + coming into church when living, and not be prayed for when dead. + Charlemagne wore his hair very short, his son shorter; Charles the <i>Bald</i> + had none at all. Under Hugh Capet it began to appear again; this the + ecclesiastics were displeased with, and excommunicated all who let their + hair grow. Peter Lombard expostulated the matter so warmly with Charles + the Young, that he cut off his own hair; and his successors, for some + generations, wore it very short. A professor of Utrecht, in 1650, wrote + expressly on the question, Whether it be lawful for men to wear long + hair? and concluded for the negative. Another divine, named Reeves, who + had written for the affirmative, replied to him. In <i>New</i> England a + declaration was inscribed in the register of the colony against the + practice of wearing long hair, which was principally levelled at the + Quakers, with unjust severity. +</p> +<h4> + P.T.W. +</h4> +<hr /> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page248" name="page248"></a>[pg 248]</span> +</p> +<h2> + Pagoda in Kew Gardens. +</h2> + +<div class="figure" style="width: 50%; float: left;"> + <a href="images/336-8.png"><img width="100%" src="images/336-8.png" +alt="Pagoda in Kew Gardens."/></a> + </div> + +<p> + In one of the wildernesses of Kew Gardens stands the <i>Great Pagoda</i>, + erected in the year 1762, from a design in imitation of the Chinese Taa. + The base is a regular octagon, 49 feet in diameter; and the + superstructure is likewise a regular octagon on its plan, and in its + elevation composed of 10 prisms, which form the 10 different stories of + the building. The lowest of these is 26 feet in diameter, exclusive of + the portico which surrounds it, and 18 feet high; the second is 25 feet + in diameter, and 17 feet high; and all the rest diminish in diameter and + height, in the same arithmetical proportion, to the ninth story, which is + 18 feet in diameter and 10 feet high. The tenth story is 17 feet in + diameter, and, with the covering, 20 feet high, and the finishing on the + top is 17 feet high; so that the whole structure, from the base to the + top of the fleuron, is 163 feet. Each story finishes with a projecting + roof, after the Chinese manner, covered with plates of varnished iron of + different colours, and round each of them is a gallery enclosed with a + rail. All the angles of the roof are adorned with large dragons, eighty + in number, covered with a kind of thin glass of various colours, which + produces a most dazzling reflection; and the whole ornament at the top is + double gilt. The walls of the building are composed of very hard bricks; + the outside of well-coloured and well-matched greystocks, (bricks,) + neatly laid. The staircase is in the centre of the building. The prospect + opens as you advance in height; and from the top you command a very + extensive view on all sides, and, in some directions, upwards of forty + miles distant, over a rich and variegated country. +</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2> + FINE ARTS +</h2> +<hr /> +<h3> + MR. HAYDON'S PICTURE OF "CHAIRING THE MEMBERS." +</h3> +<p> + In our last volume we were induced to appropriate nearly six of our + columns to a description of Mr. Haydon's Picture of the Mock Election in + the King's Bench Prison—or rather <i>the first</i> of a series of pictures to + illustrate the Election, the subject of the present notice being the + Second, or the Chairing of the Members, which was intended for the + concluding scene of the burlesque. It will, therefore, be unnecessary for + us here to give any additional explanation of the real life of these + paintings, except so far as may be necessary to the explanation of the + present picture. +</p> +<p> + The "<i>Chairing</i>" was acted on a water butt one evening, but was to have + been again performed in more magnificent costume the next day; just, + however, as all the actors in this eccentric masquerade, High Sheriff, + Lord Mayor, Head Constable, Assessor, Poll Clerks, and Members, were + ready dressed, and preparing to start, the marshal interfered, stopped + the procession, and, after some parley, was advised to send for the + guards. +</p> +<p> + "About the middle of a sunny day," says Mr. Haydon, "when all was quiet, + save the occasional cracking of a racket ball, while some were reading, + some smoking, some lounging, some talking, some occupied with their own + sorrows, and some with the sorrows of their friends, in rushed six fine + grenadiers with a noble fellow of a sergeant at their head, with bayonets + fixed, and several rounds of ball in their cartouches, expecting to meet + (by their looks) with the most desperate resistance." +</p> +<p> + "The materials thus afforded me by the entrance of the guards, I have + combined in one moment;" or "I have combined in one moment what happened + at different moments; the <i>characters</i> and <i>soldiers are all portraits</i>. + I have only +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page249" name="page249"></a>[pg 249]</span> + used the poets and painters' license, to make out the second + part of the story, a part that happens in all elections, viz. the + chairing of the successful candidates." +</p> +<p> + "In the corner of the picture, on the left of the spectator, are three + of the guards, drawn up across the door, standing at ease, with all the + self-command of soldiers in such situations, hardly suppressing a laugh + at the ridiculous attempts made to oppose them; in front of the guards, + is the commander of the enemy's forces; viz.—a little boy with a tin + sword, on regular guard position, ready to receive and oppose them, with + a banner of 'Freedom of Election,' hanging on his sabre; behind him + stands the Lord High Sheriff, affecting to charge the soldiers with his + mopstick and pottle. He is dressed in a magnificent suit of decayed + splendour, with an old court sword, loose silk stockings, white shoes, + and unbuckled knee-bands; his shoulders are adorned with white bows, and + curtain rings for a chain, hung by a blue ribbon from his neck. Next to + him, adorned with a blanket, is a character of voluptuous gaiety, + helmeted by a saucepan, holding up the cover for a shield, and a bottle + for a weapon. Then comes the Fool, making grimaces with his painted + cheeks, and bending his fists at the military; while the Lord Mayor with + his white wand, is placing his hand on his heart with mock gravity and + wounded indignation at this violation of <i>Magna Charta</i> and civil + rights. Behind him are different characters, with a porter pot for a + standard, and a watchman's rattle; while in the extreme distance, behind + the rattle, and under the wall, is a ragged Orator addressing the + burgesses on this violation of the privileges of Election. +</p> +<p> + "Right over the figure with a saucepan, is a Turnkey, holding up a key + and pulling down the celebrated Meredith; who, quite serious, and + believing he will really sit in the House, is endeavouring to strike the + turnkey with a champagne glass. The gallant member is on the shoulders of + two men, who are peeping out and quizzing. +</p> +<p> + "Close to Meredith is his fellow Member, dressed in a Spanish hat and + feather, addressing the Sergeant opposite him, with an arch look, on the + illegality of his entrance at elections, while a turnkey has taken hold + of the member's robe, and is pulling him off the water butt with violence. +</p> +<p> + "The sergeant, a fine soldier, one of the heroes of Waterloo, is smiling + and amused, while a grenadier, one of the other three under arms, is + looking at his sergeant for orders. +</p> +<p> + "In the corner, directly under the sergeant, is a dissipated young man, + addicted to hunting and sports, without adequate means for the enjoyment, + attended by his distressed family. He, half intoxicated, has just drawn a + cork, and is addressing the bottle, his only comfort, while his daughter + is delicately putting it aside and looking with entreaty at her father. +</p> +<p> + "The harassed wife is putting back the daughter, unwilling to deprive the + man she loves, of what, though a baneful consolation, is still one; while + the little, shoeless boy with his hoop, is regarding his father with that + strange wonder, with which children look at the unaccountable alteration + in features and expression, that takes place under the effects of + intoxication. +</p> +<p> + "Three pawnbroker's duplicates, one for the child's shoes, 1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>., + one for the wedding ring, 5<i>s</i>., and one for the wife's necklace, 7<i>l</i>., + lie at the feet of the father, with the Sporting Magazine; for drunkards + generally part with the ornaments or even necessaries of their wives and + children before they trespass on their own. +</p> +<p> + "At the opposite corner lies curled up the Head Constable, hid away under + his bed-curtain, which he had for a robe, and slyly looking, as if he + hoped nobody would betray him. By his side is placed a table, with the + relics of a luxurious enjoyment, while a washing tub as a wine cooler, + contains, under the table, Hock, Champagne, Burgundy, and a Pine. +</p> +<p> + "Directly over the sergeant, on the wall, are written, 'The <i>Majesti</i> + of the <i>Peepel</i> for ever—huzza!'—'No military at Elections!' and 'No + Marshal!'—on the standards to the left, are '<i>Confusion to Credit, and + no fraudulent Creditors</i>.' In the window are a party with a lady smoking + a hookah; on the ledge of the window, "Success to the detaining Creditor!" + —At the opposite window is a portrait of the Painter, looking down on + the extraordinary scene with great interest—underneath him is, 'Sperat + infestis.' +</p> +<p> + "On a board under the lady smoking, is written the order of the Lord + Mayor, enjoining <i>Peace</i>, as follows:— +</p> +<p> + "Banco Regis,<br /> + Court House, July 16,<br /> + In the Sixth year of the<br /> + Reign of GEORGE IV.<br /> +</p> +<p> + "Peremptorily ordered— +</p> +<p> + "That the Special Constables and Headboroughs + of this ancient Bailwick do take into + custody all Persons found in any way committing + a breach of the Peace, during the Procession + of Chairing the Members returned to represent + this Borough. +</p><p> + "SIR ROBERT BIRCH, (Collegian) Lord Mayor. +</p> +<p> + "'A New Way to pay Old Debts,'—is written over the first turnkey; and + below it, 'N.B. A very old way, discovered +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page250" name="page250"></a>[pg 250]</span> + 3394 years B.C.;' and in the + extreme distance, over a shop, is—'Dealer in every thing genuine.' +</p> +<p> + "While the man beating the long drum, at the opposite end, another the + cymbals, and the third blowing a trumpet, with the windows all crowded + with spectators, complete the composition, with the exception of the + melancholy victim behind the High Sheriff. +</p> +<p> + "I recommend the contemplation of this miserable creature, once a + gentleman, to all advocates of imprisonment for debt. First rendered + reckless by imprisonment—then hopeless—then sottish—and, last of all, + from utter despair of freedom, insane! Round his withered temples is a + blue ribbon, with 'Dulce est pro Patriâ mori,' (it is sweet to die for + one's country); for he is baring his breast to rush on the bayonets of + the guards, a willing sacrifice, as he believes, poor fellow, for a great + public principle. In his pocket he has three pamphlets, 'On Water + Drinking, or The Blessings of Imprisonment for Debt,'—and Adam Smith's + 'Moral Essays.'—Ruffles hang from his wrists, the relics of former days, + rags cover his feeble legs, one foot is naked, and his appearance is that + of a decaying being, mind and body." +</p> +<p> + Such is Mr. Haydon's "Explanation" of his own Picture; and it only + remains for us to give the reader some idea of its most prominent + beauties. As a whole, it is very superior to the "Election," highly as we + were disposed to rate the merits of that performance. The style is + masterly throughout, and every shade of the colouring has all the depth + and richness which characterize works of real genius. There is a spirit + in every touch which differs as much from the softened and soulless + compositions of certain modern artists, as does the florid architecture + of the ancients from the starved proportions of these days, or the rich + and graceful style of the Essayists from the fabrications of little, + self-conceited biographers. In short, the whole scene is dashed off in the + first style of art; the subject and humour are all over English—true to + nature, and so forcible as to seize on the attention of the most listless + beholder. +</p> +<p> + We must notice a few of the details. The three guards are foremost in the + picture, and in merit; the struggle in their countenances between + discipline and a sense of the ludicrous scene before them is admirably + represented; as well as the little urchin with his tin sword. The centre + figure of the High Sheriff, with his tattered and faded finery of office, + is equally clever; but the skill with which the artist has contrived to + express his forced mirth, and mopstick bravado, is still more forcible. + The troubled countenance of the Lord Mayor is an excellent portrait of + the indignation of little authority when perturbed by men of greater + place. The faces of the turnkey and the sergeant are likewise admirable; + and that of the soldier looking towards the latter for orders, is like an + excellent piece of byplay in the farce. The drunken patriot, behind the + High Sheriff, is well entitled to the attention which the artist, in his + explanation, suggests; but the spectator must not dwell too long on this + sorrowful wreck of fallen nature. The group in the foreground of the + right hand corner, is an episode which must not be omitted, for it + corresponds with the fine portrait in the same situation in the "Election" + picture. The reckless dissipation of the fine, young fox-hunter, the half + intoxicated chuckle with which he holds the bottle, the grief of his + daughter and wife, and the little shoeless boy with his hoop, are finely + contrasted with the rich humour and extravagant burlesque of all around + them. The slyness of the Head Constable, in the left hand corner, half + smothered in his mock robes, is expressively told; and the painter is a + capital likeness. +</p> +<p> + From the success of Mr. Haydon in the particular line of art requisite + for scenes of real humour, it is not unlikely that his execution of the + first picture, the "Election" may prove one of the most fortunate events + in his professional career, and turn out to be one of the "sweet uses of + adversity," by eliciting talent which he probably did not believe himself + to possess. Much as we admire this style of art, we can but deplore that + purchasers cannot be found for such pictures as his <i>Entry into + Jerusalem</i>, and <i>Judgment of Solomon</i>, both which, with two others, are + exhibited in the room with the Chairing of the Members. Out of the scores + of new churches which are yearly completed, surely some altar-pieces + might be introduced with propriety; and when we consider the peculiar + influence which such scenes as those chosen by Mr. Haydon are known to + possess over the human heart, we do not think their entire exclusion from + modern churches contributes to their devotional character. +</p> +<p> + Such pictures are intended for better purposes than mere seclusion in + large galleries and mansions, of which there are but comparatively few in + England; and it is always with regret that we see these noble efforts of + art in such profitless situations. Occasionally a nobleman, or +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page251" name="page251"></a>[pg 251]</span> + parochial + taste, introduces a valuable painted window, and sometimes an altarpiece + into a church; but we wish the practice were more general. +</p> +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2> + RETROSPECTIVE GLEANINGS +</h2> +<hr /> +<h3> + ENGLAND IN THE DAYS OF GOOD "QUEEN BESS." +</h3> +<p> + The misery and mendicity which prevailed in this country before the + provisions of the poor laws in the time of Elizabeth became duly enforced, + might be proved by the following extract from a curious old pamphlet, + which describes, in very forcible language, the poverty and idleness + which prevailed in one of the fairest and most fertile districts of the + kingdom, viz.— +</p> +<p> + The Golden Vale in Herefordshire, (being ye pride of al that country,) + being the richest yet (for want of employment) the plentifullest place of + poore in the kingdom—yielding two or three hundred folde; the number so + increasing (idleness having gotten the upper hand;) if trades bee not + raised—beggery will carry such reputation in my quarter of the country, + as if it had the whole to halves. +</p> +<p> + There bee, says this author, within a mile and a halfe from my house + every waye, five hundred poore habitations; whose greatest meanes consist + in spinning flaxe, hemp, and hurdes. They dispose the seasons of the + yeare in this manner; I will begin with May, June, and July, (three of + the merriest months for beggers,) which yield the best increase for their + purpose, to raise multitudes: whey, curdes, butter-milk, and such belly + provision, abounding in the neighbourhood, serves their turne. As wountes + or moles hunt after wormes, the ground being dewable, so these idelers + live intolerablie by other meanes, and neglect their painfull labours by + oppressing the neighbourhood. August, September, and October, with that + permission which the Lord hath allowed the poorer sorte to gather the + eares of corne, they do much harme. I have seen three hundred leazers or + gleaners in one gentleman's corn-field at once; his servants gathering + and stouking the bound sheaves, the sheaves lying on the ground like dead + carcases in an overthrown battell, they following the spoyle, not like + souldiers (which scorne to rifle) but like theeves desirous to steale; so + this army holdes pillaging, wheate, rye, barly, pease, and oates; oates, + a graine which never grew in Canaan, nor AEgypt, and altogether out of + the allowance of leazing. +</p> +<p> + Under colour of the last graine, oates, it being the latest harvest, + they doe (without mercy in hotte bloud) steale, robbe orchards, gardens, + hop-yards, and crab trees; so what with leazing and stealing, they doe + poorly maintaine themselves November, December, and almost all January, + with some healpes from the neighbourhood. +</p> +<p> + The last three moneths, February, March, and Aprill, little labour serves + their turne, they hope by the heat of the sunne, (seasoning themselves, + like snakes, under headges,) to recover the month of May with much + poverty, long fasting, and little praying; and so make an end of their + yeares travel in the Easter holy days. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + BEGGARS. +</h3> +<p> + In the earlier periods of their history, both in England and Scotland, + beggars were generally of such a description as to entitle them to the + epithet of <i>sturdy</i>; accordingly they appear to have been regarded often + as impostors and always as nuisances and pests. "Sornares," so violently + denounced in those acts, were what are here called "masterful beggars," + who, when they could not obtain what they asked for by fair means, seldom + hesitated to take it by violence. The term is said to be Gaelic, and to + import a soldier. The life of such a beggar is well described in the + "Belman of London," printed in 1608—"The life of a beggar is the life of + a souldier. He suffers hunger and cold in winter, and heate and thirste + in summer; he goes lowsie, he goes lame; he is not regarded; he is not + rewarded; here only shines his glorie. The whole kingdome is but his walk; + a whole cittie is but his parish. In every man's kitchen is his meate + dressed; in every man's sellar lyes his beere; and the best men's purses + keepe a penny for him to spend." +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + CURIOUS MANORIAL CUSTOM. +</h3> +<p> + At King's Hill, about half a mile north-east of Rocford Church, Essex, is + held what is called the <i>Lawless Court</i>, a whimsical custom, the origin + of which is not known. On the Wednesday morning next after Michaelmas day, + the tenants are bound to attend upon the first cock-crowing, and to kneel + and do their homage, without any kind of light, but such as heaven will + afford. The steward of the court calls all such as are bound to appear, + with as low a voice as possible, giving no notice when he goes to execute + his office; however, he that does not give an answer is deeply amerced. + They are all to whisper to each other, nor have they any pen and ink, but + supply that deficiency +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page252" name="page252"></a>[pg 252]</span> + with a coal; and he that owes suit and service, + and appears not, forfeits to the lord of the manor double his rent every + hour he is absent. +</p> +<p> + A tenant, some years ago, forfeited his land for non attendance, but was + restored to it, the lord taking only a fine. +</p> +<h4> + HALBERT H. +</h4> +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2> + SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS +</h2> +<hr /> +<h3> + THE PET DOG. +</h3> +<p> + Dogs, when they are sure of having their own way, have sometimes ways as + odd as those of the unfurred, unfeathered animals, who walk on two legs, + and talk, and are called rational. My beautiful, white greyhound, + Mayflower, for instance, is as whimsical as the finest lady in the land. + Amongst her other fancies, she has taken a violent affection for a most + hideous stray dog, who made his appearance here about six months ago, + and contrived to pick up a living in the village, one can hardly tell + how. Now appealing to the charity of old Rachael Strong, the + laundress—a dog-lover by profession; now winning a meal from the + light-footed and open-hearted lasses at the Rose; now standing on his + hind-legs to extort, by sheer beggary, a scanty morsel from some pair of + "drowthy cronies," or solitary drover, discussing his dinner or supper + on the alehouse-bench; now catching a mouthful, flung to him in pure + contempt by some scornful gentleman of the shoulder-knot, mounted on his + throne, the coach-box, whose notice he had attracted by dint of + ugliness; now sharing the commons of Master Keep the shoemaker's pigs; + now succeeding to the reversion of the well-gnawed bone of Master Brow + the shopkeeper's fierce house-dog; now filching the skim-milk of Dame + Wheeler's cat:—spit at by the cat; worried by the mastiff; chased by + the pigs; screamed at by the dame; stormed at by the shoemaker; flogged + by the shopkeeper; teased by all the children, and scouted by all the + animals of the parish;—but yet living through his griefs, and bearing + them patiently, "for sufferance is the badge of all his tribe;"—and + even seeming to find, in an occasional full meal, or a gleam of + sunshine, or a whisp of dry straw, on which to repose his sorry carcass, + some comfort in his disconsolate condition. +</p> +<p> + In this plight was he found by May, the most high-blooded and + aristocratic of greyhounds; and from this plight did May rescue him;— + invited him into her territory, the stable; resisted all attempts to + turn him out; reinstated him there, in spite of maid, and boy, and + mistress, and master; wore out every body's opposition, by the activity + of her protection, and the pertinacity of her self-will; made him sharer + of her bed and her mess; and, finally, established him as one of the + family as firmly as herself. +</p> +<p> + Dash—for he has even won himself a name amongst us, before he was + anonymous—Dash is a sort of a kind of a spaniel; at least there is in + his mongrel composition some sign of that beautiful race. Besides his + ugliness, which is of the worst sort—that is to say, the shabbiest—he + has a limp on one leg that gives a peculiarly one-sided awkwardness to + his gait; but, independently of his great merit in being May's pet, he + has other merits which serve to account for that phenomenon—being, + beyond all comparison the most faithful, attached, and affectionate + animal that I have ever known; and that is saying much. He seems to think + it necessary to atone for his ugliness by extra good conduct, and does so + dance on his lame leg, and so wag his scrubby tail, that it does any one, + who has a taste for happiness, good to look at him—so that he may now be + said to stand on his own footing. We are all rather ashamed of him when + strangers come in the way, and think it necessary to explain that he is + May's pet; but amongst ourselves, and those who are used to his + appearance, he has reached the point of favouritism in his own person. I + have, in common with wiser women, the feminine weakness of loving + whatever loves me—and, therefore, like Dash. His master has found out + that Dash is a capital finder, and, in spite of his lameness, will hunt a + field, or beat a cover with any spaniel in England—and, therefore, <i>he</i> + likes Dash. The boy has fought a battle, in defence of his beauty, with + another boy, bigger than himself, and beat his opponent most handsomely— + and, therefore, <i>he</i> likes Dash; and the maids like him, or pretend to + like him, because we do—as is the fashion of that pliant and imitative + class. And now Dash and May follow us every where, and are going with us + now to the Shaw, or rather to the cottage by the Shaw, to bespeak milk + and butter of our little dairy-woman, Hannah Bint—a housewifely + occupation, to which we owe some of our pleasantest rambles—<i>Miss + Mitford</i>.—<i>Month. Mag</i>. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + FROM THE ROMAIC. +</h3> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> When we were last, my gentle Maid,</p> +<p class="i2"> In love's embraces twining,</p> +<p> 'Twas Night, who saw, and then betray'd!</p> +<p class="i2"> "Who saw?" Yon Moon was shining.</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page253" name="page253"></a>[pg 253]</span> +<p> A gossip Star shot down, and he</p> +<p> First told our secret to the Sea.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> The Sea, who never secret kept,</p> +<p class="i2"> The peevish, blustering railer!</p> +<p> Told it the Oar, as on he swept;</p> +<p class="i2"> The Oar informed the Sailor.</p> +<p> The Sailor whisper'd it to his fair,</p> +<p> And she—she told it every where!</p> +</div></div> +<p> + <i>New Monthly Magazine</i>. +</p> +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2> + NOTES OF A READER. +</h2> +<hr /> +<h3> + EELS. +</h3> +<p> + The problem of the generation of eels is one of the most abstruse and + curious in natural history; but we have been much pleased, and not a + little enlightened, by some observations on the subject in Sir Humphrey + Davy's delightful little volume, <i>Salmonia</i>, of which the following is + the substance:— +</p> +<p> + Although the generation of eels occupied the attention of Aristotle, and + has been taken up by the most distinguished naturalists since his time, + it is still unsolved. Lacepède, the French naturalist, asserts, in the + most unqualified way, that they are <i>viviparous</i>; but we do not remember + any facts brought forward on the subject. Sir Humphrey then goes on to + say—This is certain, that there are two migrations of eels—one up and + one down rivers, one <i>from</i> and the other <i>to</i> the sea; the first in + spring and summer, the second in autumn or early winter. The first of + very small eels, which are sometimes not more than two or two and a half + inches long; the second of large eels, which sometimes are three or four + feet long, and which weigh from 10 to 15, or even 20 lbs. There is great + reason to believe that all eels found in fresh water are the results of + the first migration; they appear in millions in April and May, and + sometimes continue to rise as late even as July and the beginning of + August. I remember this was the case in Ireland in 1823. It had been a + cold, backward summer; and when I was at Ballyshannon, about the end of + July, the mouth of the river, which had been in flood all this month, + under the fall, was blackened by millions of little eels, about as long + as the finger, which were constantly urging their way up the moist rocks + by the side of the fall. Thousands died, but their bodies remaining moist, + served as the ladder for others to make their way; and I saw some + ascending even perpendicular stones, making their road through wet moss, + or adhering to some eels that had died in the attempt. Such is the energy + of these little animals, that they continue to find their way, in immense + numbers, to Loch Erne. The same thing happens at the fall of the Bann, + and Loch Neagh is thus peopled by them; even the mighty Fall of + Shaffausen does not prevent them from making their way to the Lake of + Constance, where I have seen many very large eels. There are eels in the + Lake of Neufchatel, which communicates by a stream with the Rhine; but + there are none in the Lake of Geneva, because the Rhone makes a + subterraneous fall below Geneva; and though small eels can pass by moss + or mount rocks, they cannot penetrate limestone rocks, or move against a + rapid descending current of water, passing, as it were, through a pipe. + Again: no eels mount the Danube from the Black Sea; and there are none + found in the great extent of lakes, swamps, and rivers communicating with + the Danube—though some of these lakes and morasses are wonderfully + fitted for them, and though they are found abundantly in the same + countries, in lakes and rivers connected with the ocean and the + Mediterranean. Yet, when brought into confined water in the Danube, they + fatten and thrive there. As to the instinct which leads young eels to + seek fresh water, it is difficult to reason; probably they prefer warmth, + and, swimming at the surface in the early summer, find the lighter water + warmer, and likewise containing more insects, and so pursue the courses + of fresh water, as the waters from the land, at this season, become + warmer than those from the sea. Mr. J. Couch, in the Linnaean + Transactions, says the little eels, according to his observation, are + produced within reach of the tide, and climb round falls to reach fresh + water from the sea. I have sometimes seen them in spring, swimming in + immense shoals in the Atlantic, in Mount Bay, making their way to the + mouths of small brooks and rivers. When the cold water from the autumnal + flood begins to swell the rivers, this fish tries to return to the sea; + but numbers of the smaller ones hide themselves during the winter in the + mud, and many of them form, as it were, masses together. Various authors + have recorded the migration of eels in a singular way; such as Dr. Plot, + who, in his History of Staffordshire, says they pass in the night across + meadows from one pond to another; and Mr. Arderon, in the Philosophical + Transactions, gives a distinct account of small eels rising up the + flood-gates and posts of the water-works of the city of Norwich; and + they made their way to the water above, though the boards were smooth + planed, and five or six feet perpendicular. He says, when they first + rose out of the water upon the dry board, they rested a little—which + seemed to be till their slime was thrown out, and sufficiently + glutinous—and then they rose up the perpendicular +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page254" name="page254"></a>[pg 254]</span> + ascent with the same + facility as if they had been moving on a plane surface.—There can, I + think, be no doubt that they are assisted by their small scales, which, + placed like those of serpents, must facilitate their progressive motion; + these scales have been microscopically observed by Lewenhoeck. Eels + migrate from the salt water of different sizes, but I believe never when + they are above a foot long—and the great mass of them are only from two + and a half to four inches. They feed, grow, and fatten in fresh water. + In small rivers they seldom become very large; but in large, deep lakes + they become as thick as a man's arm, or even leg; and all those of a + considerable size attempt to return to the sea in October or November, + probably when they experience the cold of the first autumnal rains. + Those that are not of the largest size, as I said before, pass the + winter in the deepest parts of the mud of rivers and lakes, and do not + seem to eat much, and remain, I believe, almost torpid. Their increase + is not certainly known in any given time, but must depend upon the + quantity of their food; but it is probable they do not become of the + largest size from the smallest in one or even two seasons; but this, as + well as many other particulars, can only be ascertained by new + observations and experiments. Block states, that they grow slowly, and + mentions that some had been kept in the same pond for fifteen years. As + very large eels, after having migrated, never return to the river again, + they must (for it cannot be supposed that they all die immediately in + the sea) remain in salt water; and there is great probability that they + are then confounded with the conger, which is found from a few ounces to + one hundred pounds in weight. +</p> +<hr /> +<p> + At Munich, every child found begging is taken to a charitable + establishment; the moment he enters his portrait is given to him, + representing him in his rags, and he promises by oath to keep it all his + life. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + INFANCY. +</h3> +<p> + [This is <i>one</i> of the gems of the quarto volume of poetry recently + published by the author of the "Omnipresence of the Deity;" but in our + next we intend stringing together a few of the resplendent beauties which + illumine almost every page.] +</p> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> On yonder mead, that like a windless lake</p> +<p> Shines in the glow of heaven, a cherub boy</p> +<p> Is bounding, playful as a breeze new-born,</p> +<p> Light as the beam that dances by his side.</p> +<p> Phantom of beauty! with his trepid locks</p> +<p> Gleaming like water-wreaths,—a flower of life,</p> +<p> To whom the fairy world is fresh, the sky</p> +<p> A glory, and the earth one huge delight!</p> +<p> Joy shaped his brow, and Pleasure rolls his eye,</p> +<p> While Innocence, from out the budding lip</p> +<p> Darts her young smiles along his rounded cheek.</p> +<p> Grief hath not dimm'd the brightness of his form,</p> +<p> Love and Affection o'er him spread their wings,</p> +<p> And Nature, like a nurse, attends him with</p> +<p> Her sweetest looks. The humming bee will bound</p> +<p> From out the flower, nor sting his baby hand;</p> +<p> The birds sing to him from the sunny tree;</p> +<p> And suppliantly the fierce-eyed mastiff fawn</p> +<p> Beneath his feet, to court the playful touch.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> To rise all rosy from the arms of sleep,</p> +<p> And, like the sky-bird, hail the bright-cheek'd morn</p> +<p> With gleeful song, then o'er the bladed mead</p> +<p> To chase the blue-wing'd butterfly, or play</p> +<p> With curly streams; or, led by watchful Love,</p> +<p> To hear the chorus of the trooping waves,</p> +<p> When the young breezes laugh them into life!</p> +<p> Or listen to the mimic ocean roar</p> +<p> Within the womb of spiry sea-shell wove,—</p> +<p> From sight and sound to catch intense delight,</p> +<p> And infant gladness from each happy face,—</p> +<p> These are the guileless duties of the day:</p> +<p> And when at length reposeful Evening comes,</p> +<p> Joy-worn he nestles in the welcome couch,</p> +<p> With kisses warm upon his cheek, to dream</p> +<p> Of heaven, till morning wakes him to the world.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> The scene hath changed into a curtain'd room,</p> +<p> Where mournful glimmers of the mellow sun</p> +<p> Lie dreaming on the walls! Dim-eyed and sad,</p> +<p> And dumb with agony, two parents bend</p> +<p> O'er a pale image, in the coffin laid,—</p> +<p> Their infant once, the laughing, leaping boy,</p> +<p> The paragon and nursling of their souls!</p> +<p> Death touch'd him, and the life-glow fled away,</p> +<p> Swift as a gay hour's fancy; fresh and cold</p> +<p> As winter's shadow, with his eye-lids seal'd,</p> +<p> Like violet-lips at eve, he lies enrobed</p> +<p> An offering to the grave! but, pure as when</p> +<p> It wing'd from heaven, his spirit hath return'd,</p> +<p> To lisp his hallelujahs with the choirs</p> +<p> Of sinless babes, imparadised above.</p> +</div></div> +<p> + <i>Death, a Poem, by R. Montgomery.</i> +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY. +</h3> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> What a fashionable place</p> +<p class="i2"> Soon the Regent's Park will grow!</p> +<p> Not alone the human race</p> +<p class="i2"> To survey its beauties go;</p> +<p> Birds and beasts of every hue,</p> +<p class="i2"> In order and sobriety,</p> +<p> Come, invited by the Zo-</p> +<p class="i2"> Ological Society.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> Notes of invitation go</p> +<p class="i2"> To the west and to the east.</p> +<p> Begging of the Hippopo-</p> +<p class="i2"> Tamus here to come and feast:</p> +<p> Sheep and panthers here we view,</p> +<p class="i2"> Monstrous contrariety!</p> +<p> All united by the Zo-</p> +<p class="i2"> Ological Society.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> Monkeys leave their native seat,</p> +<p class="i2"> Monkeys green and monkeys blue,</p> +<p> Other monkeys here to meet,</p> +<p class="i2"> And kindly ask, "Pray how d'ye do?"</p> +<p> From New Holland the emu,</p> +<p class="i2"> With his better moiety,</p> +<p> Has paid a visit to the Zo-</p> +<p class="i2"> Ological Society.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> Here we see the lazy tor-</p> +<p class="i2"> Toise creeping with his shell,</p> +<p> And the drowsy, drowsy dor-</p> +<p class="i2"> Mouse dreaming in his cell;</p> +<p> Here from all parts of the U-</p> +<p class="i2"> Niverse we meet variety,</p> +<p> Lodged and boarded by the Zo-</p> +<p class="i2"> Ological Society.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> Bears at pleasure lounge and roll,</p> +<p class="i2"> Leading lives devoid of pain,</p> +<p> Half day climbing up a poll,</p> +<p class="i2"> Half day climbing down again;</p> +<p> Their minds tormented by no su-</p> +<p class="i2"> Perfluous anxiety,</p> +<p> While on good terms with the Zo-</p> +<p class="i2"> Ological Society.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page255" name="page255"></a>[pg 255]</span> +<p> Would a mammoth could be found</p> +<p class="i2"> And made across the sea to swim!</p> +<p> But now, alas! upon the ground</p> +<p class="i2"> The bones alone are left of him:</p> +<p> I fear a hungry mammoth too,</p> +<p class="i2"> (So monstrous and unquiet he.)</p> +<p> By hunger urged might eat the Zo-</p> +<p class="i2"> Ological Society!</p> +</div></div> +<p> + <i>The Christmas Box.</i> +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + INSECTS. +</h3> +<p> + One great protection against all creeping things is, to stir the ground + very frequently along the foot of the wall. That is their great place of + resort; and frequent stirring and making the ground very fine, disturbs + the peace of their numerous families, gives them trouble, makes them + uneasy, and finally harasses them to death. +</p> +<p> + <i>Cobbett's English Gardener.</i> +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + SIR W. TEMPLE'S GARDEN. +</h3> +<p> + It was formerly the fashion to have a sort of canal, with broad grass + walks on the sides, and with the water coming up to within a few inches + of the closely shaven grass; and certainly few things were more beautiful + than these. Sir William Temple had one of his own constructing in his + gardens at Moor Park. On the outsides of the grass-walks were borders of + beautiful flowers. I have stood for hours to look at this canal, which + the good-natured manners of those days had led the proprietor to make an + opening in the outer wall in order that his neighbours might enjoy the + sight as well as himself; I have stood for hours, when a little boy, + looking at this object; I have travelled far since, and have seen a great + deal; but I have never seen any thing of the gardening kind so beautiful + in the whole course of my life—<i>Ibid</i>. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + BULBOUS ROOTS. +</h3> +<p> + In glasses filled with water, bulbous roots, such as the hyacinth, + narcissus, and jonquil, are blown. The time to put them in is from + September to November, and the earliest ones will begin blowing about + Christmas. The glasses should be blue, as that colour best suits the + roots; put water enough in to cover the bulb one-third of the way up, + less rather than more; let the water be soft, change it once a week, and + put in a pinch of salt every time you change it. Keep the glasses in a + place moderately warm, and <i>near to the light</i>. A parlour window is a + very common place for them, but is often too warm, and brings on the + plants too early, and causes them to be weakly.—<i>Ibid</i>. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + TRAVELLING INVALIDS. +</h3> +<p> + We cannot refrain from stating our belief, and this on the authority of + intelligent physicians, as well as from personal observation, that much + mischief is done by committing invalids to long and precarious journeys, + for the sake of doubtful benefits. We have ourselves seen consumptive + patients hurried along, through all the discomforts of bad roads, bad + inns, and indifferent diet, to places, where certain partial advantages + of climate poorly compensated for the loss of the many benefits which + home and domestic care can best afford. We have seen such invalids lodged + in cold, half-furnished houses, and shivering under blasts of wind from + the Alps or Apennines, who might more happily have been sheltered in the + vales of Somerset or Devon. On this topic, however, we refrain from + saying more—further than to state our belief, that much misapprehension + generally prevails, as to the comparative healthiness of England, and + other parts of Europe. Certain phrases respecting climate have obtained + fashionable currency amongst us, which greatly mislead the judgment as to + facts. The accurate statistical tables, now extended to the greater part + of Europe, furnish more secure grounds of opinion; and from these we + derive the knowledge, that there is no one country in Europe where the + average proportion of mortality is so small as in England. Some few + details on this subject we subjoin,—tempted to do so by the common + errors prevailing in relation to it. +</p> +<p> + The proportion of deaths to the population is nearly one-third less in + England than in France. Comparing the two capitals, the average mortality + of London is about one-fifth less than that of Paris. What may appear a + more singular statement, the proportion of deaths in London, a vast and + luxurious metropolis, differs only by a small fraction from that of the + whole of France; and is considerably less than the average of those + Mediterranean shores which are especially frequented by invalids for the + sake of health. In Italy, the proportion of deaths is a full third + greater than in England; and even in Switzerland and Sweden, though the + difference be less, it is still in favour of our own country.—<i>Q. Rev</i>. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + NEWSPAPER LOVE. +</h3> +<p> + The paper so highly esteemed, entitled, <i>The Courier de l'Europe</i>, + originated in the following circumstances:— +</p> +<p> + "Monsieur Guerrier de Berance was a native of Auvergne, whose fortune in + the origin was very low, but who by his intrigues succeeded in gaining + the place of Procureur General of the Custom-house. He married two wives; + the name of the last was Millochin, who was both young +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page256" name="page256"></a>[pg 256]</span> + and handsome. She + soon began to find out that her husband was very disagreeable; and what + caused her more particularly to remark his faults was her contrasting him + with M. Cevres de la Tour, with whom she fell most desperately in love. + This passion became so violent, that Madame Guerrier fled into England + with her lover, who, in his turn, left his wife behind him in Paris. The + finances of these two lovers growing rather low, M. Sevres de la Tour, + who was a man of talent, thought, as a plan to enrich himself, to turn + editor to a newspaper, and for this purpose started the <i>Courier de + l'Europe</i>, which succeeded beyond his most sanguine hopes. Disgust, which + commonly follows these sort of unions, caused Madame Guerrier to be + deserted by her lover, and she was obliged to turn a teacher of languages + for her subsistence.—<i>The Album of Love</i>. +</p> +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2> + THE GATHERER. +</h2> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> "A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."</p> +</div></div> +<h4> + SHAKSPEARE. +</h4> +<hr /> +<center> + REPLY TO THE DIRGE ON MISS ELLEN GEE, OF KEW. +</center> +<p> + (<i>See Mirror, page 223</i>.) +</p> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> Forgive, ye beauteous maids of Q,</p> +<p class="i2"> The much relenting B,</p> +<p> Who vows he never will sting U,</p> +<p class="i2"> While sipping of your T.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> One nymph I wounded in the I,</p> +<p class="i2"> The charming L N G,</p> +<p> The fates impell'd, I know not Y,</p> +<p class="i2"> The luckless busy B.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> And oh recall the sentence U</p> +<p class="i2"> Pass'd on your humble B,</p> +<p> Let me remain at happy Q,</p> +<p class="i2"> Send me not o'er the C.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> And I will mourn upon A U,</p> +<p class="i2"> The death of L N G,</p> +<p> And all the charming maids of Q</p> +<p class="i2"> Will pity the poor B.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> I will hum soft her L E G,</p> +<p class="i2"> The reason some ask Y,</p> +<p> Because the maiden could not C,</p> +<p class="i2"> By me she lost her I.</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p> To soothe ye damsels I'll S A,</p> +<p class="i2"> Far sooner would I B</p> +<p> Myself in funeral R A,</p> +<p class="i2"> Than wound one fair at T.</p> +</div></div> +<h4> + F.H. +</h4> +<hr /> +<h3> + THE BITER BIT. +</h3> +<p> + In the reign of Charles II. a physician to the court was walking with the + king in the gallery of Windsor Castle, when they saw a man repairing a + clock fixed there. The physician knowing the king's relish for a joke, + accosted the man with, "My good friend, you are continually doctoring + that clock, and yet it never goes well. Now if I were to treat my + patients in such a way, I should lose all my credit. What can the reason + be that you mistake so egregiously?" The man dryly replied, "The reason + why you and I, Sir, are not upon a par is plain enough—the sun discovers + all my blunders, but the earth covers yours." +</p> +<h4> + G.I.F. +</h4> +<hr /> +<h3> + EPITAPH. +</h3> +<p> + On a tablet in the outside wall of the old church, at Taunton, in + Somersetshire, is the following on "James Waters, late of London, + aged 49." +</p> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> Death traversing the western road,</p> +<p class="i2"> And asking where true merit lay,</p> +<p> Made in this town a short abode,</p> +<p class="i2"> Then took this worthy man away.</p> +</div></div> +<h4> + W.R. +</h4> +<hr /> +<h3> + LIFE. +</h3> +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p> Grass of levity,</p> +<p> Span in brevity,</p> +<p> Flower's felicity,</p> +<p> Fire of misery,</p> +<p> Wind's stability</p> +<p> Is mortality.</p> +</div></div> +<hr /> +<h3> + NOTICE FROM THE PUBLISHER. +</h3> +<p> + Purchasers of the MIRROR, who may wish to complete their volumes, are + informed that the whole of the numbers are now in print, and can be + procured by giving an order to any Bookseller or Newsvender. +</p> +<p> + Complete sets Vol I. to XI. in boards, price £3. 19<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i> half bound, + £3. 17<i>s</i>. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3> + LIMBIRD'S EDITION OF THE +</h3> +<center> + <i>Following Novels are already Published:</i> +</center> +<pre> + <i>s</i>.<i>d</i>. + Mackenzie's Man of Feeling .............. 0...6 + Paul and Virginia ....................... 0...6 + The Castle of Otranto ................... 0...6 + Almoran and Hamet ....................... 0...6 + Elizabeth, or the Exiles of Siberia ..... 0...6 + The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne ...... 0...6 + Rasselas ................................ 0...8 + The Old English Baron ................... 0...8 + Nature and Art .......................... 0...8 + Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield .......... 0..10 + Sicilian Romance ........................ 1...0 + The Man of the World .................... 1...0 + A Simple Story .......................... 1...4 + Joseph Andrews .......................... 1...6 + Humphry Clinker ..........................1...8 + The Romance of the Forest ............... 1...8 + The Italian ............................. 2...0 + Zeluco, by Dr. Moore .................... 2...0 + Edward, by Dr. Moore .................... 2...6 + Roderick Random ......................... 2...6 + The Mysteries of Udolpho ................ 3...6 + +</pre> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> +<a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a> +<b>Footnote 1</b>: +<a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + +<p> Mrs. A.T. Thomson, in her <i>Memoirs of the Court of Henry the +Eighth</i>, says, "On the night of the Epiphany (1510), a pageant was +introduced into the hall at Richmond, representing a hill studded with +gold and precious stones, and having on its summit a tree of gold, from +which hung roses and pomegranates. From the declivity of the hill +descended a lady richly attired, who, with the gentlemen, or, as they +were then called, children of honour, danced a morris before the king. +On another occasion, in the presence of the court, an artificial forest +was drawn in by a lion and an antelope, the hides of which were richly +embroidered with golden ornaments; the animals were harnessed with +chains of gold, and on each sat a fair damsel in gay apparel. In the +midst of the forest, which was thus introduced, appeared a gilded tower, +at the end of which stood a youth, holding in his hands a garland of +roses, as the prize of valour in a tournament which succeeded the +pageant!"</p> +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> +<a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a> +<b>Footnote 2</b>: +<a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> +<p>The Comet which appeared in 1759, and which (says Lambert) returned +the quickest of any that we have an account of, had a winter of seventy +years. Its heat surpassed imagination.</p> +</blockquote> + + + +<hr class="full" /> + +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11282 ***</div> +</body> +</html> |