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+<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 332, September 20, 1828, by Various</title>
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+
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+ {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;}
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+ .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;}
+ .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;}
+ .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;}
+ .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;}
+ .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;}
+ .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;}
+
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+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 10845 ***</div>
+<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and
+Instruction, Vol. 12, Issue 332, September 20, 1828, by Various</h1>
+
+
+</pre>
+<br />
+<hr class="full" />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page177" name="page177"></a>[pg
+177]</span>
+<h1>THE MIRROR<br />
+OF<br />
+LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1>
+<hr class="full" />
+<table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date">
+<tr>
+<td align="left"><b>Vol. 12. No. 332.</b></td>
+<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1828.</b></td>
+<td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2<i>d</i>.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>ANNE HATHAWAY'S COTTAGE.</h2>
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href=
+"images/332-177.png"><img width="100%" src="images/332-177.png"
+alt="Anne Hathaway's Cottage." /></a></div>
+<p>This is another of Mr. Rider's beautiful "Views to Illustrate
+the Life of SHAKSPEARE,"<a id="footnotetag1" name=
+"footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a>&mdash;it
+being the exterior of the cottage in which the poet's wife (whose
+maiden name was <i>Hathaway</i>) is said to have resided with her
+parents, in the village of Shottery, about a mile from
+Stratford-upon-Avon.</p>
+<p>Neither the exterior nor interior of this humble abode, says Mr.
+Rider, appears to have been subjected to any renovating process;
+and as there exists no reasonable ground for distrusting the fact
+of its having been the abode of <i>Anne Hathaway</i>, previous to
+her marriage with Shakspeare, it must ever be regarded as one of
+the most interesting relics connected with his history. The
+occupier of the cottage in July, 1827, was an old woman, the widow
+of John Hathaway Taylor, whose mother was a Hathaway, and the last
+of the family of that name.</p>
+<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"><a href=
+"images/332-177-1.png"><img src="images/332-177-1.png" alt=
+"Shakspeare's Courting-Chair" /></a></div>
+<p>The widow Taylor showed Mr. Rider the old carved bedstead,
+mentioned by "Ireland," and assured him she perfectly recollected
+his purchasing of her mother-in-law the piece of furniture which
+had always been known by the designation of <i>Shakspeare's
+Courting-Chair</i>. From the wood-cut of this chair, given by
+Ireland in his "Views on the Avon," Mr. Rider has been enabled to
+introduce it in his representation of the interior of the
+cottage.</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page178" name="page178"></a>[pg
+178]</span>
+<p>We have accordingly detached it for a vignette, and as the
+throne where</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i10">The lover,</p>
+<p class="i2">Sighing like furnace, with woeful ballad</p>
+<p class="i2">Made to his mistress' eye-brow&mdash;</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>it will probably be acceptable to the most enthusiastic of
+Shakspeare's admirers; not doubting that scores of our lady-friends
+will provide themselves with a chair of the same construction, if
+they would insure the fervour and sincerity of the poet's love, or
+by association become more susceptible of his inspirations of the
+master-passion of humanity.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2>THE NOVELIST.</h2>
+<h3>ANTONELLI;</h3>
+<h4><i>(A Tale, from the German of Goethe.)</i></h4>
+<p>When I was in Italy, Antonelli, an opera-singer, was the
+favourite of the Neapolitan public. Her youth, beauty, and talents
+insured her applause on the stage; nor was she deficient in any
+quality that could render her agreeable to a small circle of
+friends. She was not indifferent either to love or praise; but her
+discretion was such as to enable her to enjoy both with becoming
+dignity. Every young man of rank or fortune in Naples, was eager to
+be numbered among her suitors; few however, met with a favourable
+reception; and though she was, in the choice of her lovers,
+directed chiefly by her eyes and her heart, she displayed on all
+occasions a firmness, and stability of character, that never failed
+to engage even such as were indifferent to her favours. I had
+frequent opportunities of seeing her, being on terms of the closest
+intimacy with one of her favoured admirers.</p>
+<p>Several years were now elapsed, and she had become acquainted
+with a number of gentlemen, many of whom had rendered themselves
+disgusting by the extreme levity and fickleness of their manners.
+She had repeatedly observed young gentlemen, whose professions of
+constancy and attachment would persuade their mistress of the
+impossibility of their ever deserting her, withhold their
+protection in those very cases where it was most needed; or, what
+is still worse, incited by the temptation of ridding themselves of
+a troublesome connexion, she had known them give advice which has
+entailed misery and ruin.</p>
+<p>Her acquaintance hitherto had been of such a nature as to leave
+her mind inactive. She now began to feel a desire, to which she had
+before been a stranger. She wished to possess a friend, to whom she
+might communicate her most secret thoughts, and happily, just at
+that time, she found one among those who surrounded her, possessed
+of every requisite quality, and who seemed, in every respect,
+worthy of her confidence.</p>
+<p>This gentleman was by birth a Genoese, and resided at Naples,
+for the purpose of transacting some commercial business of great
+importance, for the house with which he was connected. In
+possession of good parts, he had, in addition received a very
+finished education. His knowledge was extensive; and no less care
+had been bestowed on his body, than on his mind. He was inspired
+with the commercial spirit natural to his countrymen, and
+considered mercantile affairs on a grand scale. His situation was,
+however, not the most enviable; his house had unfortunately been
+drawn into hazardous speculations, which were afterwards attended
+with expensive law-suits. The state of his affairs grew daily more
+intricate, and the uneasiness thereby produced gave him an air of
+seriousness, which in the present case was not to his disadvantage;
+for it encouraged our young heroine to seek his friendship, rightly
+judging, that he himself stood in need of a friend.</p>
+<p>Hitherto, he had seen her only occasionally, and at places of
+public resort; she now, on his first request, granted him access to
+her house; she even invited him very pressingly, and he was not
+remiss in obeying the invitation.</p>
+<p>She lost no time in making him acquainted with her wishes, and
+the confidence she reposed in him. He was surprised, and rejoiced
+at the proposal. She was urgent in the request that he might always
+remain her friend, and never shade that sacred name with the
+ambiguous claims of a lover. She made him acquainted with some
+difficulties which then perplexed her, and on which his experience
+would enable him to give the best advice, and propose the most
+speedy means for her relief. In return for this confidence, he did
+not hesitate to disclose to her his own situation; and her
+endeavours to soothe and console him were, in reality, not without
+a beneficial consequence, as they served to put him in that state
+of mind, so necessary for acting with deliberation and effect. Thus
+a friendship was in a short time cemented, founded on the most
+exalted esteem, and on the consciousness that each was necessary to
+the well-being of the other.</p>
+<p>It happens but too often, that we make agreements without
+considering whether it is in our power to fulfil their conditions.
+He had promised to be only her friend, and not to think of her as a
+mistress; and <span class="pagenum"><a id="page179" name=
+"page179"></a>[pg 179]</span> yet he could not deny that he was
+mortified and disgusted with the sight of any other visiter. His
+ill-humour was particularly excited by hearing her, in a jesting
+manner, enumerate the good or bad qualities of some favourite, and
+after having shown much good sense in pointing out his blemishes,
+neglect her friend, and prefer his company that very evening.</p>
+<p>It happened soon after that the heart of the fair was
+disengaged. Her friend was rejoiced at the discovery, and
+represented to her, that he was entitled to her affection before
+all others. She gave ear to his petition, when she found resistance
+was vain. "I fear," said she, "that I am parting with the most
+valuable possession on earth&mdash;a friend, and that I shall get
+nothing in return but a lover." Her suspicions were well founded:
+he had not enjoyed his double capacity long, when he showed a
+degree of peevishness, of which he had before thought himself
+incapable; as a friend he demanded her esteem; as a lover he
+claimed her undivided affection; and as a man of sense and
+education, he expected rational and pleasing conversation. These
+complicated claims, however, ill accorded with the sprightly
+disposition of Antonelli; she could consent to no sacrifices, and
+was unwilling to grant exclusive rights. She therefore endeavoured
+in a delicate manner to shorten his visits, to see him less
+frequently, and intimated that she would upon no consideration
+whatever give up her freedom.</p>
+<p>As soon as he remarked this new treatment, his misery was beyond
+endurance, and unfortunately, this was not the only mischance that
+befel him; his mercantile affairs assumed a very doubtful
+appearance; besides this, a view of his past life called forth many
+mortifying reflections; he had from his earliest youth looked upon
+his fortune as inexhaustible, his business often lay neglected,
+while engaged in long and expensive travels, endeavouring to make a
+figure in the fashionable world, far above his birth and fortune.
+The lawsuits, which were now his only hope, proceeded slowly, and
+were connected with a vast expense. These required his presence in
+Palermo several times; and while absent on his last journey,
+Antonelli made arrangements calculated, by degrees, to banish him
+entirely from her house. On his return, he found she had taken
+another house at a considerable distance from his own; the Marquess
+de S., who, at that time, had great influence on plays and public
+diversions, visited her daily, and to all appearance, with great
+familiarity. This mortified him severely, and a serious illness was
+the consequence. When the news of his sickness reached his friend,
+she hastened to him, was anxious to see him comfortable, and
+discovering that he was in great pecuniary difficulties, on going
+away she left him a sum of money sufficient to relieve his
+wants.</p>
+<p>Her friend had once presumed to encroach on her freedom; this
+attempt was with her an unpardonable offence, and the discovery of
+his having acted so indiscreetly in his own affairs, had not given
+her the most favourable opinion of his understanding and his
+character; notwithstanding the decrease of her affection, her
+assiduity for him had redoubled. He did not, however, remark the
+great change which had really taken place; her anxiety for his
+recovery, her watching for hours at his bedside, appeared to him
+rather proofs of friendship and love, than the effects of
+compassion, and he hoped, on his recovery, to be re-instated in all
+his former rights.</p>
+<p>But how greatly was he mistaken! In proportion as his health and
+strength returned, all tenderness and affection for him vanished;
+nay, her aversion for him now was equal to the pleasure with which
+she formerly regarded him. He had also, in consequence of these
+multiplied reverses, contracted a habit of ill-humour, of which he
+was himself not aware, and which greatly contributed to alienate
+Antonelli. His own bad management in business he attributed to
+others; so that, in his opinion, he was perfectly justified. He
+looked upon himself as an unfortunate man, persecuted by the world,
+and hoped for an equivalent to all his sufferings and misfortunes
+in the undivided affection of his mistress.</p>
+<p>This concession he insisted on, the first day he was able to
+leave his chamber, and visit her. He demanded nothing less than
+that she should resign herself up to him entirely, dismiss her
+other friends and acquaintances, leave the stage, and live solely
+with him, and for him. She showed him the impossibility of granting
+his demands, at first mildly, but was at last obliged to confess
+the melancholy truth, that their former relation existed no more.
+He left her, and never saw her again.</p>
+<p>He lived some years longer, seeing but few acquaintances, and
+chiefly in the company of a pious old lady, with whom he occupied
+the same dwelling, and who lived on the rent of an adjoining house,
+her only income. During this interval, he gained one of his
+law-suits, and soon after the other; but his health was destroyed,
+and his future prospects blasted. A slight cause brought on a
+relapse of his former illness; the physician acquainted him with
+his approaching end. He was <span class="pagenum"><a id="page180"
+name="page180"></a>[pg 180]</span> resigned to his fate, and his
+only remaining wish was, once more to see his lovely friend. He
+sent the servant to her, who, in more happy days, had often been
+the bearer of tender messages. He prayed her to grant his request:
+she refused. He sent a second time, entreating most ardently she
+might not be deaf to his prayers, with no better success. She
+persisted in her first answer. The night was already far advanced,
+when he sent a third time; she showed great agitation, and confided
+to me the cause of her embarrassment, (for I had just happened to
+be at supper, at her house, with the Marquess, and some other
+friends.) I advised her&mdash;I entreated her, to show her friend
+this last act of kindness. She seemed undecided, and in great
+emotion; but after a few moments she became more collected. She
+sent away the servant with a refusal, and he returned no more.</p>
+<p>When supper was over, we sat together in familiar conversation,
+while cheerfulness and good humour reigned among us. It was near
+midnight, when suddenly a hollow, doleful sound was heard, like the
+groaning of a human being; gradually it grew weaker, and at last
+died away entirely. A momentary trembling seized us all; we stared
+at each other, and then around us, unable to explain the
+mystery.</p>
+<p>The Marquess ran to the window, while the rest of us were
+endeavouring to restore the lady, who lay senseless on the floor.
+It was some time before she recovered. The jealous Italian would
+scarcely give her time to open her eyes, when he began to load her
+with reproaches. If you agree on signs with your friends, said the
+Marquess, I pray you let them be less open and terrifying. She
+replied, with her usual presence of mind, that, having the right to
+see any person, at any time, in her house, she could hardly be
+supposed to choose such appalling sounds as the forerunners of
+happy moments.</p>
+<p>And really there was something uncommonly terrifying in the
+sound; its slowly lengthened vibrations were still fresh in our
+ears. Antonelli was pale, confused, and every moment in danger of
+falling into a swoon. We were obliged to remain with her half the
+night. Nothing more was heard. On the following evening the same
+company was assembled; and although the cheerfulness of the
+preceding day was wanting, we were not dejected. Precisely at the
+same hour we heard the same hollow groan as the night before.</p>
+<p>We had in the meantime formed many conjectures on the origin of
+this strange sound, which were as contradictory as they were
+extravagant. It is unnecessary to relate every particular: in
+short, whenever Antonelli supped at home, the alarming noise was
+heard at the same hour, sometimes stronger, at others weaker. This
+occurrence was spoken of all over Naples. Every inmate of the
+house, every friend and acquaintance, took the most lively
+interest; even the police was summoned to attend. Spies were placed
+at proper distances around the house. To such as stood in the
+street the sound seemed to arise in the open air, while those in
+the room heard it close by them. As often as she supped out all was
+silent, but whenever she remained at home, she was sure to be
+visited by her uncivil guest; but leaving her house was not always
+a means of escaping him. Her talent and character gained her
+admittance into the first houses; the elegance of her manners and
+her lively conversation, made her everywhere welcome; and, in order
+to avoid her unpleasant visiter, she used to pass her evenings in
+company out of the house.</p>
+<p>A gentleman, whose age and rank made him respectable,
+accompanied her home one evening in his coach. On taking leave of
+him at her door, the well known voice issued from the steps beneath
+them; and the old gentleman, who was perfectly well acquainted with
+the story, was helped into his coach more dead than alive.</p>
+<p>She was one evening accompanied by a young singer, in her coach,
+on a visit to a friend's. He had heard of this mysterious affair,
+and being of a lively disposition, expressed some doubts on the
+subject. I most ardently wish, continued he, to hear the voice of
+your invisible companion; do call him, there are two of us, we
+shall not be frightened. Without reflecting, she had the courage to
+summon the spirit, and presently, from the floor of the coach arose
+the appalling sound; it was repeated three times, in rapid
+succession, and died away in a hollow moan. When the door of the
+carriage was opened, both were found in a swoon, and it was some
+time before they were restored and could inform those present of
+their unhappy adventure.</p>
+<p>This frequent repetition at length affected her health; and the
+spirit, who seemed to have compassion on her, for some weeks gave
+no signs of his presence. She even began to cherish a hope that she
+was now entirely rid of him&mdash;but in this she was mistaken.</p>
+<p>When the Carnival was over, she went into the country on a
+visit, in the company of a lady, and attended only by one waiting
+maid. Night overtook them before they could reach their journey's
+end; and suffering an interruption, from the breaking of a chain,
+they were compelled to <span class="pagenum"><a id="page181" name=
+"page181"></a>[pg 181]</span> stop for the night at an obscure inn
+by the road side. Fatigue made Antonelli seek for repose
+immediately on their arrival; and she had just lain down, when the
+waiting-maid, who was arranging a night-lamp, in a jesting tone,
+observed, "We are here, in a manner, at the end of the earth, and
+the weather is horrible; will he be able to find us here?" That
+moment the voice was heard, louder and more terrible than ever. The
+lady imagined the room filled with demons, and, leaping out of bed,
+ran down stairs, alarming the whole house. Nobody slept a wink that
+night. This was the last time the voice was heard. But this
+unwelcome visiter had soon another and more disagreeable method of
+notifying his presence.</p>
+<p>She had been left in peace some time, when one evening, at the
+usual hour, while she was sitting at table with her friends, she
+was startled at the discharge of a gun or a well-charged pistol; it
+seemed to have passed through the window. All present heard the
+report and saw the flash, but on examination the pane was found
+uninjured. The company was nevertheless greatly concerned, and it
+was generally believed that some one's life had been attempted.
+Some present ran to the police, while the rest searched the
+adjoining houses;&mdash;but in vain; nothing was discovered that
+could excite the least suspicion. The next evening sentinels were
+stationed at all the neighbouring windows; the house itself, where
+Antonelli lived, was closely searched, and spies were placed in the
+street.</p>
+<p>But all this precaution availed nothing. Three months in
+succession, at the same moment, the report was heard; the charge
+entered at the same pane of glass without making the least
+alteration in its appearance; and what is remarkable, it invariably
+took place precisely one hour before midnight; although the
+Neapolitans have the Italian way of keeping time according to which
+midnight forms no remarkable division. At length the shooting grew
+as familiar as the voice had formerly been, and this innocent
+malice of the spirit was forgiven him. The report often took place
+without disturbing the company, or even interrupting their
+conversation.</p>
+<p>One evening, after a very sultry day, Antonelli, without
+thinking of the approaching hour, opened the window, and stepped
+with the Marquess on the balcony. But a few moments had elapsed,
+when the invisible gun was discharged, and both were thrown back
+into the room with a violent shock. On recovering, the Marquess
+felt the pain of a smart blow on his right check; and the singer,
+on her left. But no other injury being received, this event gave
+rise to a number of merry observations. This was the last time she
+was alarmed in her house, and she had hopes of being at last
+entirely rid of her unrelenting persecutor, when one evening,
+riding out with a friend, she was once more greatly terrified. They
+drove through the Chiaja, where the once-favoured Genoese had
+resided. The moon shone bright. The lady with her demanded, "Is not
+that the house where Mr. &mdash;&mdash; died?" "It is one of those
+two, if I am not mistaken," replied Antonelli. That instant the
+report burst upon their ears louder than ever; the flash issuing
+from one of the houses, seemed to pass through the carriage. The
+coachman supposing they were attacked by robbers, drove off in
+great haste. On arriving at the place of destination, the two
+ladies were taken out in a state of insensibility.</p>
+<p>This was, however, the last scene of terror. The invisible
+tormentor now changed his manner, and used more gentle means. One
+evening, soon after, a loud clapping of hands was heard under her
+window. Antonelli, as a favourite actress and singer, was no
+stranger to these sounds; they carried in them nothing terrifying,
+and they might be ascribed to one of her admirers. She paid little
+attention to it; her friends, however, were more vigilant, they
+sent out spies as formerly. The clapping was heard, but no one was
+to be seen; and it was hoped that these mysterious doings would
+soon entirely cease.</p>
+<p>After some evenings the clapping was no longer heard, and more
+agreeable sounds succeeded. They were not properly melodious, but
+unspeakably delightful and agreeable; they seemed to issue from the
+corner of an opposite street, approach the window, and die gently
+away. It seemed as if some aerial spirit intended them as a prelude
+to some piece of music that he was about to perform. These tones
+soon became weaker, and at last were heard no more.</p>
+<p>I had the curiosity, soon after the first disturbance, to go to
+the house of the deceased, under the pretext of visiting the old
+lady who had so faithfully attended him in his last illness. She
+told me her friend had an unbounded affection for Antonelli; that
+he had, for some weeks previous to his death, talked only of her,
+and sometimes represented her as an angel, and then again as a
+devil. When his illness became serious, his only wish was to see
+her before his dissolution, probably in hopes of receiving from her
+some kind expression, or prevailing on her to give him <span class=
+"pagenum"><a id="page182" name="page182"></a>[pg 182]</span> some
+consoling proof of her love and attachment. Her obstinate refusal
+caused him the greatest torments, and her last answer evidently
+hastened his end; for, added she, he made one violent effort, and
+raising his head, he cried out in despair, <i>"No, it shall avail
+her nothing; she avoids me, but I'll torment her, though the grave
+divide us!"</i> And indeed the event proved that a man may perform
+his promise in spite of death itself.</p>
+<p><i>Weekly Review.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h2>UGGOLINO.</h2>
+<h3>MODERNIZED FROM THE "MONK'S TALE" IN CHAUCER.</h3>
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Of Uggolino, Pisa's hapless Count,</p>
+<p class="i2">How shall my Muse the piteous tale relate!</p>
+<p class="i2">Near to that city, on a gentle mount,</p>
+<p class="i2">There stands a tow'r&mdash;within its donjon
+grate</p>
+<p class="i2">They lock'd him up, and, dreadful to recount,</p>
+<p class="i2">With him three tender babes to share his fate!</p>
+<p class="i2">But five years old the eldest of the three&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">Oh! who could rob such babes of liberty!</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Doom'd was the Count within that tow'r to die,</p>
+<p class="i2">Him Pisa's vengeful bishop did oppose;</p>
+<p class="i2">With covert speech and false aspersions sly</p>
+<p class="i2">He stirr'd the people, till they madly rose,</p>
+<p class="i2">And shut him in this prison strong and high;</p>
+<p class="i2">His former slaves are now his fiercest foes.</p>
+<p class="i2">Coarse was their food, and scantily supplied,</p>
+<p class="i2">A prelude to the death these captives died.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">And on a luckless day it thus befell&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">About their surly jailer's wonted hour</p>
+<p class="i2">To bring them food, he enter'd not their cell,</p>
+<p class="i2">But bolted fast their prison's outer door.</p>
+<p class="i2">This on the County's heart rang like a
+knell&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">Hope was excluded from this grizzly tow'r.</p>
+<p class="i2">Speechless he sat, despair forbade to rave&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">This hold was now their dungeon and their grave.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">His youngest babe had not seen summers three;</p>
+<p class="i2">"Father," he cried, "why does the man delay</p>
+<p class="i2">To bring out food? how naughty he must be;</p>
+<p class="i2">I have not eat a morsel all this day.</p>
+<p class="i2">Dear father, have you got some bread for me?</p>
+<p class="i2">Oh, if you have, do give it me, I pray;</p>
+<p class="i2">I am so hungry that I cannot sleep&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">I'll kiss you, father&mdash;do not, do not weep."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">And day by day this pining innocent</p>
+<p class="i2">Thus to his father piteously did cry,</p>
+<p class="i2">Till hunger had perform'd the stern intent</p>
+<p class="i2">Of their fierce foes. "Oh, father, I shall die!</p>
+<p class="i2">Take me upon your lap&mdash;my life is
+spent&mdash;</p>
+<p class="i2">Kiss me&mdash;farewell!" Then with a gentle sigh,</p>
+<p class="i2">Its spotless spirit left the suff'ring clay,</p>
+<p class="i2">And wing'd its fright to everlasting day.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">(He who has mark'd that wild, distracting mien,</p>
+<p class="i2">Which for this Count immortal Reynold's drew,</p>
+<p class="i2">When bitter woe, despair, and famine keen</p>
+<p class="i2">Unite in that sad face to shock the view,</p>
+<p class="i2">Will wish, while gazing on th' appalling scene,</p>
+<p class="i2">For pity's sake the story is not true.</p>
+<p class="i2">What hearts but fiends, what less than hellish
+hate,</p>
+<p class="i2">Could e'er consign that group to such a fate?)</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">And when he saw his darling child was dead,</p>
+<p class="i2">From statue-like despair the Count did start;</p>
+<p class="i2">He tore his matted locks from off his head,</p>
+<p class="i2">And bit his arms, for grief so wrung his heart.</p>
+<p class="i2">His two surviving babes drew near and said,</p>
+<p class="i2">(Thinking 'twas hunger's thorn which caus'd his
+smart,)</p>
+<p class="i2">"Dear sire, you gave us life, to you we give</p>
+<p class="i2">Our little bodies&mdash;feed on them and live!"</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Like two bruis'd lilies, soon they pin'd away,</p>
+<p class="i2">And breath'd their last upon their father's knee;</p>
+<p class="i2">Despair and Famine bow'd him to their sway;</p>
+<p class="i2">He died&mdash;here ends this Count's dark
+tragedy.</p>
+<p class="i2">Whoso would read this tale more fully may</p>
+<p class="i2">Consult the mighty bard of Italy;</p>
+<p class="i2">Dante's high strain will all the sequel tell,</p>
+<p class="i2">So courteous, friendly readers, fare ye well.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4>P. HENDON.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>A LAPLANDER'S FAREWELL TO THE SETTING SUN.</h3>
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Adieu thou beauteous orb, adieu,</p>
+<p class="i2">Thy fading light scarce meets my view,</p>
+<p class="i2">Thy golden tints reflected still</p>
+<p class="i2">Beam mildly on my native hill:</p>
+<p class="i2">Thou goest in other lands to shine,</p>
+<p class="i2">Hail'd and expected by a numerous line,</p>
+<p class="i2">Whilst many days and many months must pass</p>
+<p class="i2">Ere thou shall'st bless us with one closing
+glance.</p>
+<p class="i2">My cave must now become my lowly home,</p>
+<p class="i2">Nor can I longer from its precincts roam,</p>
+<p class="i2">Till the fixed time that brings thee back again</p>
+<p class="i2">With added splendour to resume thy reign.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<h4>IOTA.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>ANCIENT VALUE OF BOOKS.</h3>
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+<p>We have it from good authority, that about A.D. 1215, the
+Countess of Anjou paid two hundred sheep, five quarters of wheat,
+and the same quantity of rye, for a volume of Sermons&mdash;so
+scarce and dear were books at that time; and although the countess
+might in this case have possibly been imposed upon, we have it, on
+Mr. Gibbon's authority, that the value of manuscript copies of the
+Bible, for the use of the monks and clergy, commonly was from four
+to five hundred crowns at Paris, which, according to the relative
+value of money at that time and now in our days, could not, at the
+most moderate calculation, be less than as many pounds sterling in
+the present day.</p>
+<p>H. W. P.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MARINE GLOW WORMS.</h3>
+<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4>
+<p>These extraordinary little insects are more particularly noticed
+in Italy, during the period of summer, than in any other part of
+the world. When they make their appearance, they glitter like stars
+reflected by the sea, so beautiful and luminous are their minute
+bodies. Many <span class="pagenum"><a id="page183" name=
+"page183"></a>[pg 183]</span> contemplative lovers of the phenomena
+of nature are seen, soon after sun-set, along the sea coast,
+admiring the singular lustre of the water when covered with these
+particles of life, which it may be observed, are more numerous
+where the <i>alga marina</i>, or sea-weed abounds.</p>
+<p>The marine glow-worm is composed of eleven articulations, or
+rings; upon these rings, and near the belly of the insect, are
+placed fins, which appear to be the chief instruments of its
+motion. It has two small horns issuing from the fore part of the
+head, and its tail is cleft in two. To the naked eye of man, they
+seem even smaller than the finest hairs; and their substance is
+delicate beyond description. They first begin to make their
+appearance upon the sea-weed about the middle of April, and very
+soon after multiply exceedingly over the whole surface of the
+water.</p>
+<p>I think it is more than probable, that the heat of the sun
+causes the marine glow-worm to lay its eggs; at all events it is
+certain, that terrestrial insects of this species shine only in the
+heat of summer, and that their peculiar resplendency is produced
+during the period of their copulation.</p>
+<p>G. W. N.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>EPITAPHS.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror.</i></h4>
+<p>The origin of epitaphs, and the precise period when they were
+first introduced, is involved in obscurity; but that they were in
+use several centuries prior to the Christian era is indisputable.
+The invention of them, however, has been attributed to the scholars
+of Linus, who, according to Diogenes, was the son of Mercury and
+Urania; he was born at Thebes, and instructed Hercules in the art
+of music; who, in a fit of anger at the ridicule of Linus, on his
+awkwardness in holding the lyre, struck him on the head with his
+instrument, and killed him. The scholars of Linus lamented the
+death of their master, in a mournful kind of poem, called from him
+<i>Aelinum</i>. These poems were afterwards designated
+<i>Epitaphia</i>, from the two words [Greek: epi], <i>upon</i>, and
+[Greek: taphios], <i>sepulchre</i>, being engraved on tombs, in
+honour or memory of the deceased, and generally containing some
+eloge of his virtues or good qualities.</p>
+<p>Among the Lacedaemonians, epitaphs were only allowed to men who
+died bravely in battle; and to women, who were remarkable for their
+chastity. The Romans often erected monuments to illustrious persons
+whilst living, which were preserved with great veneration after
+their decease. In this country, according to Sir Henry Chauncy,
+"Any person may erect a tomb, sepulchre, or monument for the
+deceased in any church, chancel, chapel, or churchyard, so that it
+is not to the hindrance of the celebration of divine service; that
+the defacing of them is punishable at common law, the party that
+built it being entitled to the action during his life, and the heir
+of the deceased after his death."</p>
+<p>Boxhornius has made a well chosen collection of Latin epitaphs,
+and F. Labbe has also made a similar one in the French language,
+entitled, "<i>Tresor des Epitaphes</i>." In our own language the
+collection of Toldewy is the best; there are also several to be
+found among the writings of Camden and Weaver, and in most of the
+county histories.</p>
+<p>In epitaphs, the deceased person is sometimes introduced by way
+of prosopopaeia, speaking to the living, of which the following is
+an instance, wherein the defunct wife thus addresses her surviving
+husband:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Immatura peri; sed tu, felicior, annos</p>
+<p class="i2">Vive tuos, conjux optime, vive meos."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The following epitaphs, out of several others, are worth
+preserving. That of Alexander:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Sufficit huic tumulus, cui non sufficeret
+orbis."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>That of Tasso:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Les os du Tasse."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Similar to which is that of Dryden:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Dryden."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The following is that of General Foy, in Pere la
+Chaise:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i4">"Honneur au GENERAL FOY.</p>
+<p class="i4">Il se repose de ses travaux,</p>
+<p class="i4">Et ses oeuvres le suivent.</p>
+<p class="i2">Hier quand de ses jours la source fut tarie,</p>
+<p class="i2">La France, en le voyant sur sa couche entendu,</p>
+<p class="i2">Implorait un accent de cette voix cherie.</p>
+<p class="i2">Helas! au cri plaintif jet&eacute; par la nature,</p>
+<p class="i2">C'est la premiere fois qu'il ne pas repondu"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The following is said to have been written by "rare Ben Jonson,"
+and has been much admired:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Underneath this stone doth lie</p>
+<p class="i2">As much virtue as could die;</p>
+<p class="i2">Which, when alive, did vigour give</p>
+<p class="i2">To as much beauty as could live."</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza"></div>
+</div>
+To these could be added several others, but at present we shall
+content ourselves with quoting the two following, as specimens of
+the satirical or ludicrous:&mdash;<br />
+<br />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page184" name="page184"></a>[pg
+184]</span>
+<blockquote>
+<p><i>Prior, on himself, ridiculing the folly of those who value
+themselves on their pedigree</i>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="i2">"Nobles and heralds, by your leave, Here lie the
+bones of Matthew Prior, The son of Adam and Eve, Let Bourbon or
+Nassau go higher."</p>
+<p class="i2">&nbsp;</p>
+<hr />
+<br />
+<br />
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">"Here, fast asleep, full six feet deep,</p>
+<p class="i4">And seventy summers ripe,</p>
+<p class="i2">George Thomas lies in hopes to rise,</p>
+<p class="i4">And smoke another pipe."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>B. T. S.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>The following inscription, in a churchyard in Germany, long
+puzzled alike the learned and the unlearned:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i4">O quid tua te</p>
+<p class="i4">be bis bia abit</p>
+<p class="i6">ra ra ra</p>
+<p class="i10">es</p>
+<p class="i8">et in</p>
+<p class="i6">ram ram ram</p>
+<p class="i10">i i</p>
+<p>Mox eris quod ego nunc.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>By accident the meaning was discovered, and the solution is
+equally remarkable for its ingenuity and for the morality it
+inculcates:&mdash;"O superbe quid superbis? tua superbia te
+superabit. Terra es, et in terram ibis. Mox eris quod ego
+nunc."&mdash;"O vain man! why shouldst thou be proud? thy pride
+will be thy ruin. Dust thou art, and to dust shalt thou return.
+Soon shalt thou be what I am now."</p>
+<p>W. G. C.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2>THE COSMOPOLITE.</h2>
+<h3>WET WEATHER.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<p>"John's temper depended very much upon the air; his spirits rose
+and fell with the weather-glass."&mdash;ARBUTHNOT.</p>
+<p>No one can deny that the above is a <i>floating</i> topic; and
+we challenge all the philosophy of ancients or moderns to prove it
+is not. After the memorable July 15, (St. Swithin,) people talk of
+the result with as much certainty as a merchant calculates on
+<i>trade winds</i>; and in like manner, hackney-coachmen and
+umbrella-makers have their <i>trade rains</i>. Indeed, there are,
+as Shakespeare's contented Duke says, "books in the running brooks,
+and good in every thing;"<a id="footnotetag2" name=
+"footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>2</sup></a> and so far
+from neglecting to turn the ill-wind to our account, we are
+disposed to venture a few seasonable truisms for the gratification
+of our readers, although a wag may say our subject is a dry
+one.</p>
+<p>In England, the weather is public news. Zimmerman, however,
+thinks it is not a safe topic of discourse. "Your company," says
+he, "may be <i>hippish</i>." Shenstone, too, says a fine day is the
+only enjoyment which one man does not envy another. All this is
+whimsical enough; but doubtless we are more operated on by <i>the
+weather</i> than by any thing else. Perhaps this is because we are
+islanders; for talk to an "intellectual" man about the climate, and
+out comes something about our "insular situation, aqueous vapours,
+condensation," &amp;c. Then take up a newspaper on any day of a wet
+summer, and you see a long string of paragraphs, with erudite
+authorities, about "the weather," average annual depth of rain,
+&amp;c.; and a score of lies about tremendous rains, whose only
+authority, like that of most miracles, is in their antiquity or
+repetition. In short, <i>water</i> is one of the most popular
+subjects in this age of inquiry. What were the first treatises of
+the <i>Useful Knowledge</i> Society? <i>Hydrostatics</i> and
+<i>Hydraulics</i>. What is the attraction at Sadler's Wells, Bath,
+and Cheltenham, but water? the Brighton people, too, not content
+with the sea, have even found it necessary to superadd to their
+fashionable follies, artificial mineral waters, with whose fount
+the grossest duchess may in a few days recover from the repletion
+of a whole season; and the minister, after the jading of a session,
+soon resume his wonted complacency and good humour.<a id=
+"footnotetag3" name="footnotetag3"></a><a href=
+"#footnote3"><sup>3</sup></a> Our aquatic taste is even carried
+into all our public amusements; would the festivities in
+celebration of the late peace have been complete without the sham
+fight on the Serpentine? To insure the run of a melo-drama, the New
+River is called in to flow over deal boards, and form a cataract;
+and the Vauxhall proprietors, with the aid of a <i>hydropyric</i>
+exhibition, contrive to represent a naval battle. This introduction
+during the past season was, however, as perfectly <i>gratuitous</i>
+as that of the <i>rain</i> was uncalled for. Had they contented
+themselves with the latter, the scene would have been more true to
+nature.</p>
+<p>We carry this taste into our money-getting speculations, those
+freaks of the funds that leave many a man with one unfunded coat.
+The Thames tunnel is too amphibious an affair to be included in the
+number; but the ship canal project, the bridge-building mania, and
+the <span class="pagenum"><a id="page185" name="page185"></a>[pg
+185]</span> <i>penchant</i> for working mines by steam, evidently
+belong to them. The fashion even extends to royalty, since our good
+King builds a fishing-temple, and dines on the Virginia Water; and
+the Duke of Clarence, as Lord High Admiral, gives a
+<i>dejeun&eacute; &agrave; la fourchette</i> between Waterloo and
+Westminster bridges.</p>
+<p>Whoever takes the trouble to read a paper in a late <i>Edinburgh
+Review</i> on the <i>Nervous System</i>, will doubtless find that
+much of our predilection for hanging and drowning is to be
+attributed to this "insular situation." Every man and woman of us
+is indeed a self <i>pluviometer</i>, or rain-gauge; or, in plain
+terms, our nerves are like so many musical strings, affected by
+every change of the atmosphere, which, if screwed up too tight, are
+apt to snap off, and become useless; or, if you please, we are like
+so many barometers, and our animal spirits like their quicksilver;
+so "servile" are we to all the "skyey influences." Take, for
+example, the same man at three different periods of the year: on a
+fine morning in January, his nerves are braced to their best pitch,
+and, in his own words, he is fit for any thing; see him panting for
+cooling streams in a burning July day, when though an Englishman,
+he is "too hot to eat;" see him on a wet, muggy ninth of November,
+when the finery of the city coach and the new liveries appear
+tarnished, and common councilmen tramp through the mud and rain in
+their robes of little authority&mdash;even with the glorious
+prospect of the Guildhall tables, the glitter of gas and civic
+beauty, and the six pounds of turtle, and iron knives and forks
+before him&mdash;still he is a miserable creature, he drinks to
+desperation, and is carried home at least three hours sooner than
+he would be on a fine frosty night. Then, instead of fifteen pounds
+to the square inch, atmospheric pressure is increased to
+five-and-forty, not calculating the <i>simoom</i> of the following
+morning, when he is as dry as the desert of Sahara, and eyes the
+pumps and soda- water fountains with as much <i>gout</i> as the
+Israelites did the water from Mount Horeb.</p>
+<p>Man, however, is the most helpless of all creatures in water,
+and with the exception of a few proscribed pickpockets and
+swindlers, he is almost as helpless on land. This infirmity, or
+difficulty of keeping above water, accounts for the crammed state
+of our prisons, fond as we are of the element. On the great rivers
+of China, where thousands of people find it more convenient to live
+in covered boats upon the water, than in houses on shore, the
+younger and male children have a <i>hollow ball</i> of some light
+material attached constantly to their necks, so that in their
+frequent falls overboard, they are not in danger. Had we not read
+this in a grave, philosophical work, we should have thought it a
+joke upon poor humanity, or at best a piece of poetical justice,
+and that the hollow ball, &amp;c. represented the head&mdash;fools
+being oftener inheritors of good fortune than their wiser
+companions. As the great secret in swimming is to keep the chest as
+full of air as possible, perhaps the great art of living is to keep
+the head a <i>vacuum</i>, a state "adapted to the meanest
+capacity." But had kind Nature supplied us with an air-bladder at
+the neck, the heaviest of us might have floated to eternity,
+Leander's swimming across the Hellespont no wonder at all, and the
+drags of the Humane Society be converted into halters for the
+suspension and recovery of old offenders and small debts.</p>
+<p><i>A wet day in London</i> is what every gentleman who does not
+read, or does not recollect, Shakspeare, calls <i>a bore</i>,<a id=
+"footnotetag4" name="footnotetag4"></a><a href=
+"#footnote4"><sup>4</sup></a> and every lady decides to be a
+<i>nuisance</i>. Abroad, everything is discomfiture; at home all is
+fidget and uneasiness. What is called a smart shower, sweeps off a
+whole stand of hackney-coaches in a few seconds, and leaves a few
+leathern conveniences called cabriolets, so that your only
+alternative is that of being soaked to the skin, or pitched out,
+taken up, bled, and carried home in "a state of insensibility." The
+Spanish proverb, "it never rains but it pours" soon comes to pass,
+and every street is momentarily washed as clean as the most
+diligent housemaid could desire. Every little shelter is crowded
+with solitary, houseless-looking people, who seem employed in
+taking descriptions of each other for the <i>Hue and Cry</i>, or
+police gazette. On the pavement may probably be seen some wight who
+with more than political obstinacy, resolves to "weather the
+storm," with slouched hat, which acts upon the principle of
+capillary attraction, drenched coat, and boots in which the feet
+work like pistons in tannin: now</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i10">The reeling clouds,</p>
+<p class="i2">Stagger with dizzy poise, as doubting yet,</p>
+<p class="i2">Which master to obey.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Company, in such cases, usually increases the misery. Your wife,
+with a new dress, soon loses her temper and its beauty; the
+children splash you and their little frilled continuations; and
+ill-humour is the <span class="pagenum"><a id="page186" name=
+"page186"></a>[pg 186]</span> order of the day; for on such
+occasions you cannot slip into a tavern, and follow Dean Swift's
+example:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">On rainy days alone I dine,</p>
+<p class="i2">Upon a chick, and pint of wine:</p>
+<p class="i2">On rainy days I dine alone,</p>
+<p class="i2">And pick my chicken to the bone.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Go you to the theatre in what is called a wet season, and
+perhaps after sitting through a dull five-act tragedy and two
+farces, your first solicitude is about the weather, and as if to
+increase the vexation, you cannot see the sky for a heavy portico
+or blind; then the ominous cry of "carriage, your
+honour"&mdash;"what terrible event does this portend"&mdash;and you
+have to pick your way, with your wife like Cinderella after the
+ball, through an avenue of link-boys and cadmen,<a id=
+"footnotetag5" name="footnotetag5"></a><a href=
+"#footnote5"><sup>5</sup></a> and hear your name and address bawled
+out to all the thieves that happen to be present. Or, perchance,
+the coachman, whose inside porosity is well indicated by his bundle
+of coats, as Dr. Kitchiner says, is labouring under "the
+unwholesome effervescence of the hot and rebellious liquors which
+have been taken to revive the flagging spirits," and like a sponge,
+absorbs liquids, owing to the pressure of the surrounding air.</p>
+<p>That we are attached to wet weather, a single comparison with
+our neighbours will abundantly prove. A Frenchman seldom stirs
+abroad without his <i>parapluie</i>; notwithstanding he is,
+compared with an Englishman, an <i>al fresco</i> animal, eating,
+drinking, dancing, reading, and seeing plays&mdash;all out of
+doors. A shower is more effectual in clearing the streets of Paris
+than those of London. People flock into <i>caf&eacute;s</i>, the
+arcades of the Palais Royal, and splendid covered passages; and as
+soon as the rain ceases, scores of planks are thrown across the
+gutters in the <i>centre</i> of the streets, which species of
+<i>pontooning</i> is rewarded by the sous and centimes of the
+passengers. In Switzerland too, where the annual fall of rain is 40
+inches, the streets are always washed clean, an effect which is
+admirably represented in the view of Unterseen, now exhibiting at
+the <i>Diorama</i>. But in Peru, the Andes intercept the clouds,
+and the constant heat over sandy deserts prevents clouds from
+forming, so that there is no rain. Here it never shines but it
+burns.</p>
+<p><i>Wet-weather in the country</i> is, however, a still greater
+infliction upon the sensitive nerves. There is no club-house,
+coffee-room, billiard-room, or theatre, to slip into; and if caught
+in a shower you must content yourself with the arcades of Nature,
+beneath which you enjoy the unwished-for luxury of a shower bath.
+Poor Nature is drenched and drowned; perhaps never better described
+than by that inveterate bard of Cockaigne, Captain Morris:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Oh! it settles the stomach when nothing is seen</p>
+<p class="i2">But an ass on a common, or goose on a green.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>We were once overtaken by such weather in a pedestrian tour
+through the Isle of Wight, when just then about to leave Niton for
+a geological excursion to the Needles. Reader, if you remember, the
+Sandrock Hotel is one of the most rural establishments in the
+island. Think of our being shut up there for six hours, with a thin
+duodecimo guide of less than 100 pages, which some mischievous
+fellow had made incomplete. How often did we read and re-read every
+line, and trace every road in the little map. At length we set off
+on our return to Newport. The rain partially ceased, and we were
+attracted out of the road to Luttrell's Tower, whence we were
+compelled to seek shelter in a miserable public-house in a village
+about three miles distant. No spare bed, a wretched smoky fire; and
+hard beer, and poor cheese, called Isle of Wight rock, were all the
+accommodation our host could provide. His parlour was just painted;
+but half-a-dozen sectarian books and an ill-toned flute amused us
+for an hour; then we again started, in harder rain than ever, for
+Newport. Compelled to halt twice, we saw some deplorable scenes of
+cottage misery, almost enough to put us out of conceit of
+rusticity, till after crossing a bleak, dreary heath, we espied the
+distant light of Newport. Never had we beheld gas light with such
+ecstasy, not even on the first lighting of St. James's Park. It was
+the eve of the Cowes' regatta, and the town was full; but our
+luggage was there, and we were secure. A delicious supper at the
+Bugle, and liberal outpourings of Newport ale, at length put us in
+good humour with our misfortunes; but on the following morning we
+hastened on to Ryde, and thus passed by steam to Portsmouth; having
+resolved to defer our geological expedition to that day twelve
+months. Perhaps we may again touch on this little journey. We have
+done for the present, lest our number should interrupt the
+enjoyment of any of the thousand pedestrians who are at this moment
+tracking</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">The slow ascending hill, the lofty wood</p>
+<p class="i2">That mantles o'er its brow.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page187" name="page187"></a>[pg
+187]</span>
+<p>or coasting the castled shores and romantic cliffs of Vectis, or
+the Isle of Wight.</p>
+<p>PHILO.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2>MANNERS &amp; CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS</h2>
+<h3>DUELS IN FRANCE.</h3>
+<p>Duels had at one time become so frequent in France as to require
+particular enactments for their prevention; as, for example, when
+the debt about which any dispute occurred did not amount to
+five-pence. The regulation of the mode in which the barbarous
+custom might be maintained had engaged the attention of several of
+the French kings. In 1205, Philip Augustus restricted the length of
+the club, with which single combat was then pursued, to three feet;
+and in 1260, Saint Louis abolished the practice of deciding civil
+matters by duelling. With the revival of literature and of the
+arts, national manners became ameliorated, and duels necessarily
+declined. It was still, however, not unusual for the French to
+promote or to behold those single combats over which the pages of
+romance have thrown a delusive charm, and which were, in early
+times, hallowed, in the opinion of the vulgar, by their
+accompanying superstitious ceremonies. When any quarrel had been
+referred to this mode of decision, the parties met on the appointed
+day, and frequently in an open space, overshadowed by the walls of
+a convent, which thus lent its sanction to the bloody scene. From
+day-break the people were generally employed in erecting scaffolds
+and stages, and in placing themselves upon the towers and ramparts
+of the adjacent buildings. About noon, the cavalcade was usually
+seen to arrive at the door of the lists; then the herald cried,
+"Let the appellant appear," and his summons was answered by the
+entrance of the challenger, armed cap-a-pie, the escutcheon
+suspended from his neck, his visor lowered, and an image of some
+national saint in his hand. He was allowed to pass within the
+lists, and conducted to his tent. The accused person likewise
+appeared, and was led in the same manner to his tent. Then the
+herald, in his robe embroidered with fleur-de-lis, advanced to the
+centre of the lists, and exclaimed, "Oyez, oyez! lords, knights,
+squires, people of all condition, our sovereign lord, by the grace
+of God, King of France, forbids you, on pain of death or
+confiscation of goods, either to cry out, to speak, to cough, to
+spit, or to make signs." During a profound silence, in which
+nothing but the murmurs of the unconscious streamlet, or the
+chirping of birds might be heard, the combatants quitted their
+tents, to take individually the two first oaths. When the third
+oath was to be administered, it was customary for them to meet, and
+for the marshal to take the right hand of each and to place it on
+the cross. Then the functions of the priest began, and the usual
+address, endeavouring to conciliate the angry passions of the
+champions, and to remind them of their common dependence on the
+Supreme Being, may have tended to benefit the bystanders, although
+it generally failed of its effect with the combatants.</p>
+<p>If the parties persisted, the last oath was administered. The
+combatants were obliged to swear solemnly that they had neither
+about them nor their horses, stone, nor herb, nor charm, nor
+invocation; and that they would fight only with their bodily
+strength, their weapons, and their horses. The crucifix and
+breviary were then presented to them to kiss, the parties retired
+into their tents, the heralds uttering their last admonition to
+exertion and courage, and the challengers rushed forth from their
+tents, which were immediately dragged from within the lists. Then
+the marshal of the field having cried out, "Let them pass, let them
+pass," the seconds retired. The combatants instantly mounted their
+horses, and the contest commenced.&mdash;<i>Foreign Review</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SUPERSTITION RELATING TO BEES.</h3>
+<p>On further inquiry, it has been found that the superstitious
+practice, formerly mentioned,<a id="footnotetag6" name=
+"footnotetag6"></a><a href="#footnote6"><sup>6</sup></a> of
+informing the bees of a death that takes place in a family, is very
+well known, and still prevails among the lower orders in this
+country. The disastrous consequence to be apprehended from
+noncompliance with this strange custom is not (as before stated)
+that the bees will desert the hive, but that they will dwindle and
+die. The manner of communicating the intelligence to the little
+community, with due form and ceremony, is this: to take the key of
+the house, and knock with it three times against the hive, telling
+the inmates, at the same time, that their master or mistress,
+&amp;c., (as the case may be,) is dead!</p>
+<p>Mr. Loudon says, when in Bedfordshire lately, "we were informed
+of an old man who sung a psalm last year in front of some hives
+which were not doing well, but which he said would thrive in
+consequence of that ceremony. Our informant could not state whether
+this was a local or individual superstition."&mdash;<i>Magazine of
+Natural History</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page188" name="page188"></a>[pg
+188]</span>
+<h2>NOTES OF A READER</h2>
+<h3>LAW REFORMS.</h3>
+<p>We copy the following eloquent and impassioned paragraph from
+the last <i>Edinburgh Review</i>:&mdash;</p>
+<p>"Thanks unto our ancestors, there is now no <i>Star-chamber</i>
+before whom may be summoned either the scholar, whose learning
+offends the bishops, by disproving incidentally the divine nature
+of tithes, or the counsellor, who gives his client an opinion
+against some assumed prerogative. There is no <i>High Commission
+Court</i> to throw into a gaol until his dying day, at the
+instigation of a Bancroft, the bencher who shall move for the
+discharge of an English subject from imprisonment contrary to law.
+It is no longer the duty of a privy councillor to seize the
+suspected volumes of an antiquarian, or plunder the papers of an
+ex-chief justice, whilst lying on his death-bed. <i>Government
+licensers of the press</i> are gone, whose infamous perversion of
+the writings of other lawyers will cause no future Hale to leave
+behind him orders expressly prohibiting the posthumous publication
+of his legal MSS., lest the sanctity of his name should be abused,
+to the destruction of those laws, of which he had been long the
+venerable and living image. An advocate of the present day need not
+absolutely withdraw (as Sir Thomas More is reported to have
+prudently done for a time) from his profession, because the crown
+had taken umbrage at his discharge of a public duty. It is,
+however, flattery and self-delusion to imagine that the lust of
+power and the weaknesses of human nature have been put down by the
+Bill of Rights, and that our forefathers have left nothing to be
+done by their descendants. The violence of former times is indeed
+no longer practicable; but the spirit which led to these excesses
+can never die; it changes its aspect and its instruments with
+circumstances, and takes the shape and character of its age. The
+risks and the temptations of the profession at the present day are
+quite as dangerous to its usefulness, its dignity, and its virtue,
+as the shears and branding-irons that frightened every barrister
+from signing Prynne's defence, or the writ that sent Maynard to the
+Tower. The public has a deep, an incalculable interest in the
+independence and fearless honour of its lawyers. In a system so
+complicated as ours, every thing must be taken at their word almost
+on trust; and proud as we, for the most part, justly are of the
+unsuspectedness of our judges, their integrity and manliness of
+mind are, of course, involved in that of the body out of which they
+must be chosen. There is not a man living whose life, liberty, and
+honour may not depend on the resoluteness as well as capacity of
+those by whom, when all may be at stake, he must be both advised
+and represented in a court of justice."</p>
+<p>Our readers will easily recognise the great events in the
+history of the law in England, to which the reviewer alludes.
+Seldom have we read a more masterly page; it would even form an
+excellent rider to Mr. Brougham's recent speech on the same
+subject.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SUPPERS.</h3>
+<p>It is a mere mistake to condemn suppers. All the inferior
+animals stuff immediately previous to sleeping; and why not man,
+whose stomach is so much smaller, more delicate, and more exquisite
+a piece of machinery? Besides, it is a well-known fact, that a
+sound human stomach acts upon a well-drest dish, with nearly the
+power of an eight-horse steam-engine; and this being the case, good
+heavens! why should one be afraid of a few trifling turkey-legs, a
+bottle of Barclay's brown-stout, a Welsh rabbit, brandy and water,
+and a few more such fooleries? We appeal to the common sense of our
+readers and of the world.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>TEA</h3>
+<p>The consumption of tea is increasing every year. In 1823, the
+importation was 24,000,000 lb.; in 1826 it was 30,000,000 lb.; and
+in the year ending Jan. 5, 1828, 39,746,147 lb.&mdash;<i>Oriental
+Herald</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>POETS NOT BOTANISTS.</h3>
+<p>Addison, who was probably unacquainted with the flower described
+by Virgil, represents the Italian aster as a purple bush, with
+yellow flowers, instead of telling us that the flower had a yellow
+disk and purple rays.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">Aureus ipse; sed in foliis, quae plurima circum</p>
+<p class="i2">Funduntur, violae sublucet purpura nigrae.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><i>Virgil, Georgic iv</i>.</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">The flower Itself is of a golden hue,</p>
+<p class="i2">The leaves inclining to a darker blue;</p>
+<p class="i2">The leaves shoot thick about the root, and grow</p>
+<p class="i2">Into a bush, and shade the turf below.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><i>Addison</i>.</p>
+<p>Dryden falls into the same error:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i2">A flower there is that grows in meadow ground,</p>
+<p class="i2">Aurelius called, and easy to be found;</p>
+<p class="i2">For from one root the rising stem bestows</p>
+<p class="i2">A wood of leaves and violet purple boughs.</p>
+<p class="i2">The flower itself is glorious to behold,</p>
+<p class="i2">And shines on altars like refulgent gold.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><i>Mag. Nat. History</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h3>RIVAL SINGERS.</h3>
+<p>In 1726-7, there was a sharp warfare in London between two opera
+singers, La <span class="pagenum"><a id="page189" name=
+"page189"></a>[pg 189]</span> Faustina and La Cuzzoni, and their
+partizans. It went so far that young ladies dressed themselves <i>a
+la Faustina</i> and <i>a la Cuzzoni</i>. We need not wonder,
+therefore, at the hair <i>&agrave; la Sontag</i> in our days, or
+gentleman's whiskers <i>&agrave; la Jocko</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>SHARKS.</h3>
+<p>In a recent voyage from Bombay to the Persian Gulf, an Arab
+sailor of a crew, who was the stoutest and strongest man in the
+ship on leaving Bombay, pined away by disease, and was committed to
+the deep by his Arab comrades on board, with greater feeling and
+solemnity than is usual among Indian sailors, and with the
+accustomed ceremonies and prayers of the Mohamedan religion. The
+smell of the dead body attracted several sharks round the ship, one
+of which, eight feet in length, was harpooned and hauled on
+board.&mdash;<i>Oriental Herald</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>JONAH'S "WHALE."</h3>
+<p>At a late meeting of the Wernerian Society at Edinburgh, the
+Rev. Dr. Scot read a paper on the great fish that swallowed up
+Jonah, showing that it could not be a whale, as often supposed, but
+was probably a white shark.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MUSHROOMS.</h3>
+<p>The large horse-mushroom, except for catsup, should be very
+cautiously eaten. In wet seasons, or if produced on wet ground, it
+is very deleterious, if used in any great quantity.&mdash;<i>Mag.
+Nat. Hist.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h3>USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.</h3>
+<p>The sweat of the brow is not favourable to the operations of the
+brain; and the leisure which follows the daily labour of the
+peasant and manufacturer, will, even if no other demands are made
+upon it, afford but little scope for the over acquisition of
+knowledge. Long will it be ere the English husbandman renounces for
+study the pleasures of his weekly holiday, and long may it be ere
+the Scottish peasant be withdrawn by a thirst for knowledge from
+the duties of his Sabbath, and from the simple rights of his
+morning and evening sacrifice.&mdash;<i>Foreign Rev</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2>MR. CANNING.</h2>
+<p>A beautiful medal in memory of this celebrated statesman, has
+lately been struck at Paris, under the direction of M. Girard.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>NATURE AND ART.</h3>
+<p>It is curious enough that people decorate their chimney-pieces
+with imitations of beautiful fruits, while they seem to think
+nothing at all of the originals hanging upon the trees, with all
+the elegant accompaniments of flourishing branches, buds, and
+leaves&mdash;<i>Cobbet's English Gardener.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE KING OF PRUSSIA</h3>
+<p>Lives in comparative retirement, in a small palace fitted up
+with the greatest simplicity, and his bed is really not better than
+that usually allotted to a domestic in England. His study is quite
+that of an official man of business. He has a large map of his own
+dominions; and in each town where troops are stationed he fixes a
+common pin, and on the head of the pin is a small bit of card, on
+which are written the names of the regiments, their numbers, and
+commanding officers, in the town. He thus, at any moment, can see
+the disposition of his immense army, which is very essential to
+such a government as Prussia, it being a mild despotic military
+system. He has a most excellent modern map of the Turkish provinces
+in Europe, and upon this is marked out every thing that can
+interest a military man. A number of pins, with green heads, point
+out the positions of the Russian army; and in the same manner, with
+red-and-white- headed pins, he distinguishes the stations of the
+different kinds of troops of the Turkish host.&mdash;<i>Literary
+Gazette</i>.</p>
+<h3>THE OPERA OF "OTELLO."</h3>
+<p>Othello is altogether unsuited to the lyrical drama, and
+supposing the contrary, Rossini, of all composers, was the most
+unfit to treat such a subject in music. The catastrophe in the
+English tragedy is necessary; we see it from the beginning as
+through a long and gloomy vista. We weep, or shudder, we draw a
+long sigh of despair, and feel that it could not have been
+otherwise. But in the opera, Othello is a ruffian, without excuse
+for his crime. We have suddenly a beautiful woman running
+distracted about the stage to a symphony&mdash;and a very noisy
+symphony&mdash;of violins, and butchered before our eyes to an
+allegro movement.&mdash;<i>Foreign Review</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>FRENCH NOVELS.</h3>
+<p>When last in Paris we were curious to know wherefore M. Jouy had
+written such exceptionable and abominable stuff as his last novel;
+and the gentleman to whom we addressed ourselves, answered, in a
+light lively vein; "Oh! M. Jouy has a name, and the booksellers pay
+well; and as they are very stupid, and depend on names for the sale
+of their books, he wrote down the first matter that came into his
+head."&mdash;<i>Foreign Review</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page190" name="page190"></a>[pg
+190]</span>
+<h3>AMBER.</h3>
+<p>Polangen, the frontier town of Russia, is famous for its trade
+in amber. This substance is found by the inhabitants on the coast,
+between Polangen and Pillau, either loosely on the shore, on which
+it has been thrown by the strong north and westerly winds, or in
+small hillocks of sand near the sea, where it is found in regular
+strata. The quantity found yearly in this manner, and on this small
+extent of coast, besides what little is sometimes discovered in
+beds of pit coal in the interior of the country, is said to amount
+to from 150 to 200 tons, yielding a revenue to the government of
+Prussia of about 100,000 francs. As amber is much less in vogue in
+Western Europe than in former times, the best pieces, which are
+very transparent, and frequently weigh as much as three ounces, are
+sent to Turkey and Persia, for the heads of their expensive pipes
+and hookahs. Very few trinkets are now sold for ornaments to
+ladies' dresses; and the great bulk of amber annually found is
+converted into a species of scented spirits and oil, which are much
+esteemed for the composition of delicate varnish. In the rough
+state, amber is sold by the ton, and forms an object of export
+trade from Memel and Konigsberg.&mdash;<i>Granville's Travels in
+Russia</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>The head of the late Dr. Gall has been taken off agreeably to
+his wishes, and dissected and dried for the benefit of science.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MUSICAL TALENT.</h3>
+<p>All the principal Italian composers were <i>in flower</i> about
+the age of twenty-five. There is scarcely an instance of a musician
+producing his <i>chef-d'oeuvre</i> after the age of thirty. Rossini
+was not twenty when he composed his <i>Tancredi</i>, and his
+<i>Italiana in Algieri</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>The most important principle perhaps in life is to have a
+pursuit&mdash;a useful one if possible, and at all events an
+innocent one. The unripe fruit tree of knowledge is, I believe,
+always bitter or sour; and scepticism and discontent&mdash;sickness
+of the mind&mdash;are often the results of devouring
+it.&mdash;<i>Sir Humphry Davy</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>COFFIN OF KING DUNCAN.</h3>
+<p>A coffin has been discovered among the ruins of Elgin cathedral,
+supposed to be that of the royal victim of Macbeth.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>AN IMPERIAL ENCORE.</h3>
+<p>When Cimarosa's opera of <i>Matrimonio Segreto</i> was performed
+before the Emperor Joseph, he invited all the singers to a banquet,
+and then in a fit of enthusiasm, sent them all back to the theatre
+to play and sing the whole opera over again!&mdash;<i>Foreign
+Review</i>.</p>
+<hr />
+<p><i>Dinner</i> is a corruption of <i>decimer</i>, from
+<i>decimheure</i>, or the French repast <i>de dix-heure. Supper</i>
+from <i>souper</i>, from the custom of providing soup for that
+occasion.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>LARKS.</h3>
+<p>We have heard much of <i>Dunstable larks</i> but the enthusiasm
+with which <i>gourmets</i> speak of these tit-bits of luxury, is
+far exceeded by the Germans, who travel to Leipsic from a distance
+of many hundred miles, merely to eat a dinner of larks, and then
+return contented and peaceful to their families. So great is the
+slaughter of this bird at the Leipsic fair, that half a million are
+annually devoured, principally by the booksellers frequenting the
+city. What is the favourite bird at the coffee-house dinners of our
+friends in Paternoster Row?</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>PAINTING CATS.</h3>
+<p>Gottfried Mind, a celebrated Swiss painter, was called the
+<i>Cat-Raphael</i>, from the excellence with which he painted that
+animal. This peculiar talent was discovered and awakened by chance.
+At the time when Freudenberger was painting that since-published
+picture of the peasant cleaving wood before his cottage, with his
+wife sitting by, and feeding her child with pap out of a pot, round
+which a cat is prowling, Mind cast a broad stare on the sketch of
+this last figure, and said in his rugged, laconic way, "That is no
+cat!" Freudenberger asked, with a smile, whether Mind thought he
+could do it better. Mind offered to try; went into a corner, and
+drew the cat, which Freudenberger liked so much that he made his
+new pupil finish it out, and the master copied the scholar's
+work&mdash;for it is Mind's cat that is engraven in Freudenberger's
+plate. Imitations of Mind's cats are already common in the windows
+of printsellers.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>PLAY-WRITING.</h3>
+<p>When the manager of a theatre engaged Sacchini to write an
+opera, he was obliged to shut him up in a room with his mistress
+and his favourite cats, without them at his side he could do
+nothing. The fifth act of <i>Pizarro</i> was actually finished by
+Sheridan on the first evening of its performance, when the
+illustrious playwright was shut up in a room with a plate of
+sandwiches and two bottles of claret, to finish his drama.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page191" name="page191"></a>[pg
+191]</span>
+<h2>RETROSPECTIVE GLEANINGS.</h2>
+<h3>THE BISHOPRICKS OF ENGLAND AND WALES</h3>
+<p>Were instituted according to the following order of time, viz.
+London an Archbishoprick and Metropolitan of England, founded by
+Lucius, the first Christian king of Britain, A.D. 185; Llandaff,
+185; Bangor, 516; St. David's, 519. The Archbishoprick of Wales
+from 550 till 1100, when the Bishop submitted to the Archbishop of
+Canterbury as his Metropolitan; St. Asaphs, 547. St. Augustine (or
+Austin) made Canterbury the Metropolitan Archbishoprick, by order
+of Pope Gregory, A.D. 596; Wells, 604; Rochester, 604; Winchester,
+650; Lichfield and Coventry, 656; Worcester, 679; Hereford, 680;
+Durham, 690; Sodor and Man, 898; Exeter, 1050; Sherborne (changed
+to Salisbury) 1056; York (Archbishoprick) 1067; Dorchester (changed
+to Lincoln) 1070; Chichester, 1071; Thetford (changed to Norwich)
+1088; Bath and Wells, 1088; Ely, 1109; Carlisle, 1133. The
+following six were founded upon the suppression of monasteries by
+Henry VIII.&mdash;Chester, Peterborough, Gloucester, Oxford,
+Bristol, and Westminster, 1538. Westminster was united to London in
+1550.&mdash;<i>Vide Tanner's Notitia Monastica</i>.</p>
+<p>C. G. E. P.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ADDINGTON, SURREY.</h3>
+<p>The lord of this manor, in the reign of Henry III. held it by
+this service, viz. to make the king a mess of pottage at his
+coronation; and so lately as the reign of Charles II. this service
+was ordered by the court of claims, and accepted by the king at his
+table.</p>
+<p>C. G. E. P.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>THE BELL-SAVAGE INN</h3>
+<p>On Ludgate-hill, has, for more than a century, since its name
+was mentioned by Addison in the <i>Spectator</i>, occasioned a
+great variety of conjectures. These conjectures, however, all
+appear to have been erroneous, as the inn took the addition to its
+name from its having belonged to, or been kept by, a person of the
+name of <i>Savage</i>. The sign originally appears to have been a
+bell hung within a hoop, a common mode of representation in former
+times. This origin has been proved by a grant in the reign of Henry
+VI. in which John French, gentleman of London, gives to Joan
+French, widow, his mother, "all that tenement or inn called
+Savage's Inn, otherwise called the Bell on the Hoop." In the
+original "vocat" Savagesynne, alias vocat "Le Belle on the Hope."
+Perhaps the phrase "Cock-a-Hoop," may be derived from the sign of
+that bird standing on a hoop, thus most conspicuously displaying
+himself, as we find that sign or rather design existed in the reign
+above mentioned.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>PARISH FEASTING.</h3>
+<p>A dinner always accompanies meetings on public occasions;
+feasting was formerly attached in like manner to chantries,
+anniversaries, &amp;c.; and, as it appears in part of the curious
+items in the parish books of Darlington, clergymen officiated for a
+donation of wine. It appears, too, that both ministers and
+parishioners were saddled with charitable aids to itinerants of
+various kinds; that noblemen granted passes in the manner of
+briefs; and that it was deemed right and proper for even
+churchwardens and overseers to patronize knowledge. Accordingly we
+have,</p>
+<p>"1630. To Mr. Goodwine, a distressed scholer, 2<i>s</i>.
+6<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>"1631. Given to a poor scholler, 12<i>d</i>.&mdash;Given to Mary
+Rigby, of Hauret West, in Pembrokeshire, in Wales, who had the
+Earle of Pembroke's passe.... To an Irish gentleman that had fouer
+children, and had Earl Marshall's passe, 12<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>"1635. To a souldier which came to the church on a Sunday,
+6<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>"1639. For Mr. Thompson, that preached the forenoone and
+afternoone, for a quart of sack, 14<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>"1650. For six quartes of sacke to the ministre that preached,
+when we had not a ministere, 9<i>s</i>."</p>
+<p>It is to be observed that this was in the <i>puritanical
+era</i>.</p>
+<p>"1653. For a primer for a poore boy, 4<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>"1666. For one quarte of sacke, bestowed on Mr. Jellet, when he
+preached, 2<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>"1684. To the parson's order, given to a man both deaf and dumb,
+being sent from minister to minister to London, 6<i>d</i>.&mdash;To
+Mr. Bell, with a letter from London with the names of the Royal
+Family, 6<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>This is a curious item; for it shows that the Mercuries,
+diurnals, and intelligencers of the day, were not deemed sufficient
+for satisfactorily advertising public events.</p>
+<p>"1688. To the ringers on Thanksgiving Day, for the young Prince,
+in money, ale, and coals, 7<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>."</p>
+<p>This must have been for the birth of the Pretender, of
+warming-pan celebrity.</p>
+<p>"1691. For a pint of brandy, when Mr. George Bell preached here,
+1<i>s</i>. 4<i>d</i>.&mdash;When the Dean of Durham preached here,
+spent in a treat with him, 3<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>.&mdash;<span class=
+"pagenum"><a id="page192" name="page192"></a>[pg 192]</span>For a
+stranger that preacht, a dozen of ale, 1<i>s</i>."</p>
+<p>Thus it plainly appears that church-wardens had a feast jointly
+with the minister at the parish expense, at least whenever a
+stranger preached.</p>
+<hr />
+<h2>THE GATHERER</h2>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"A snapper-up of unconsidered trifles."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<h4>SHAKSPEAKE.</h4>
+<hr />
+<h3>STATIONERY LETTER.</h3>
+<h4>(<i>For the Mirror</i>.)</h4>
+<blockquote>
+<p>TO MR. &mdash;&mdash;, STATIONER, HOLBORN.</p>
+<p class="i2">SIR,&mdash;Sometime ago I wrote to you to send me a
+<i>ream</i> of <i>foolscap</i>, which I begged might be sent
+without delay, as it was for the purpose of writing out my
+Christmas bills. I think you must have forgotten me; and if I do
+not have the <i>paper</i> soon, I may wear a <i>fool's-cap</i> on
+account of not having my bills out in time. Mr. &mdash;&mdash;,
+who, in your absence, must sustain the greatest weight of business,
+and is, as I may say, the <i>Atlas</i> of your house, was the
+person I chiefly depended on. As for Mr. &mdash;&mdash;, one of
+your household, he dresses in <i>royal purple</i>, and being but in
+a <i>medium</i> way between sickness and health, was drinking
+<i>imperial</i> when I saw him, and therefore did not
+in-<i>quire</i> about the business; nor did I choose to come
+<i>cap</i> in <i>hand</i> to a gentleman that seemed as stately as
+an <i>elephant</i>, though to my thinking he is a <i>bundle</i> of
+conceit, all <i>outside</i> show; in short, a piece of
+<i>lumberhand</i>, on whom I would not <i>waste paper</i> to write
+him a <i>note</i>.</p>
+<p class="i2">My journeyman, who is but a <i>demy</i> sort of a
+chap, will make but a <i>small hand</i> of the bills, and I shall
+go to <i>pott</i>. You also will be a sufferer, if you
+<i>post</i>-pone sending my <i>paper</i>, for you shall have
+neither <i>plate paper</i>,<a id="footnotetag7" name=
+"footnotetag7"></a><a href="#footnote7"><sup>7</sup></a> nor a
+<i>single crown</i>, no, nor a <i>cartridge</i> of halfpence from
+me this half year, unless you play your <i>cards</i> better. I have
+more bills to write out than a <i>bag cap</i>, made of the largest
+<i>grand eagle</i> you have in your warehouse, could contain; so
+that I shall look as <i>blue</i> as your <i>sugar</i>-paper, and
+bestow on you to boot some very ugly prayers, not in <i>single
+hand</i>, but by <i>thick</i> and <i>thin couples</i>, that will be
+a <i>fine copy</i> for my young man to take example by, if you
+disappoint.</p>
+<p class="i2">Your humble servant, J. J.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<hr />
+<h3>RUSTIC SIMPLICITY.</h3>
+<p>A village pastor was examining his parishioners in their
+Catechism. The first question in the Heidelberg Catechism is this:
+"What is thy only consolation in life and in death?" A young girl,
+to whom the pastor put this question, laughed, and would not
+answer. The priest insisted. "Well, then," said she, at length, "if
+I must tell you, it is the young shoemaker, who lives in the Rue
+Agneaux."</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>TALL PEOPLE.</h3>
+<p>The king of France, being at Calais, sent over an embassador, a
+verie tall person, upon no other errand but a complement to the
+king of England. At his audience he appeared in such a light garb,
+that afterwards the king ask'd Lord-keeper Bacon "what he thought
+of the French embassador?" He answer'd, "That he was a verie proper
+man."&mdash;"I," his majestie replied, "but what think you of his
+head-piece? is he a proper man for the office, of an
+embassador?"&mdash;"Sir," returned he, "it appears too often,
+<i>that tall men are like high houses of four or five stories,
+wherein commonlie the upper-most room is worst-furnished</i>."</p>
+<hr />
+<p>The following anecdote is perfectly indicative of that dry
+humour which forms what Oxonians call a <i>cool
+hand</i>:&mdash;When Mr. Gurney, afterwards rector of Edgefield, in
+Norfolk, held a fellowship of Bene't, the master had a desire to
+get possession of the fellows' garden for himself. The rest of the
+fellows, resigned their keys, but Gurney resisted both his threats
+and entreaties, and refused to part with his key. "The other
+fellows," said the master, "have delivered up their
+keys."&mdash;"Then, master," said Gurney, "pray keep them, and you
+and I will keep all the other fellows out."&mdash;"Sir," continued
+the master, "am not I your master?"&mdash;"Granted," said Gurney,
+"but am I not your fellow?"</p>
+<hr />
+<p>Louis XIV. was such a gourmand, that he would eat at a sitting
+four platesful of different soups, a whole pheasant, a partridge, a
+plateful of salad, mutton hashed with garlick, two good sized
+slices of ham, a dish of pastry, and, afterwards, fruit and
+sweetmeats. The descendant Bourbons are slandered for having
+appetites of considerable action; but this appears to have been one
+of a four or five man power.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>A FLASH CARD.</h3>
+<p>C. HAMMOND, Slap Kiksis Builder. Long Sleeve Kicksis got up
+right, and kept by an artful dodge from visiting the knees, when
+worn without straps. Trotter Cases, Mud Pipes, and Boot Kiv'ers,
+carved to fit any Pins, and turned out slap.&mdash;(<i>Verbatim et
+literatim copy</i>.)</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name=
+"footnote1"></a> <b>Footnote 1</b>: <a href=
+"#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+<p>Merridew and Rider, Warwick and Leamington, and Goodhugh,
+Oxford-street, London.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name=
+"footnote2"></a> <b>Footnote 2</b>: <a href=
+"#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+<p>Only the other evening we heard two sons of the whip on a
+hackney-coach stand thus invoke the showery deity: "God send us a
+good heavy shower;" then the fellows looked upwards, chuckled, and
+rubbed their hands.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote3" name=
+"footnote3"></a> <b>Footnote 3</b>: <a href=
+"#footnotetag3">(return)</a>
+<p>Even the greatest hero of the age, who has won all his glory
+<i>by land</i>, has lately been drinking the Cheltenham
+<i>waters</i>. The proprietor of the well at which he drank,
+jocosely observed that his was "the best <i>well-in-town</i>."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote4" name=
+"footnote4"></a> <b>Footnote 4</b>: <a href=
+"#footnotetag4">(return)</a>
+<p>This expression is not the exclusive property of Oxford,
+Cambridge, or the Horse Guards. See Shakspeare's Henry VIII, where
+the Duke of Buckingham says of Wolsey, "He <i>bores</i> me with
+some trick;" like another great man, the Cardinal must have been a
+great bore.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote5" name=
+"footnote5"></a> <b>Footnote 5</b>: <a href=
+"#footnotetag5">(return)</a>
+<p>Towards the close of the last opera season we heard a ludicrous
+mistake. One of these fellows bawled out "the Duke of Grafton's
+carriage;" "No," replied the gentleman, smiling, and correcting the
+officious cadman, who had caught at the noble euphony, "Mr.
+Crafter's."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote6" name=
+"footnote6"></a> <b>Footnote 6</b>: <a href=
+"#footnotetag6">(return)</a>
+<p>See page 75.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote7" name=
+"footnote7"></a> <b>Footnote 7</b>: <a href=
+"#footnotetag7">(return)</a>
+<p>Bank notes.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<hr class="full" />
+<p><i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD. 143 Strand, London; by
+ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic, and by all Newsmen and
+Booksellers.</i></p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<pre>
+
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 10845 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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