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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 10834 ***
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original illustrations.
+      See 10834-h.htm or 10834-h.zip:
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/0/8/3/10834/10834-h/10834-h.htm)
+      or
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/0/8/3/10834/10834-h.zip)
+
+
+
+
+THE HISTORY OF INSECTS
+
+NEW-YORK:
+PRINTED AND SOLD BY SAMUEL WOOD,
+At the Juvenile Book-store,
+No. 357, Pearl-street.
+
+1813.
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+    And God made every thing that creepeth
+  upon the earth. Gen. 1. 25.
+
+
+
+
+
+A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+fi fl ff ffi ffl----_fi fl ff ffi ffl_.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  Observe the insect race, ordained to keep
+  The silent sabbath of a half year's sleep!
+  Entom'd beneath the filmy web they lie
+  And wait the influence of a kinder sky;
+  When vernal sunbeams pierce the dark retreat,
+  The heaving tomb distends with vital heat;
+  The full formed brood, impatient of their cell,
+  Start from their trance, and burst their silken shell.
+
+BARBAULD.
+
+
+
+
+THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Insects are so called from a separation in the middle of their bodies,
+seemingly cut into two parts, and joined together by a small ligature,
+as we see in wasps and common flies.
+
+However small and contemptible this class of beings may appear, at first
+thought, yet, when we come to reflect, and carefully investigate, we
+shall be struck with wonder and astonishment, and shall discover, that
+the smallest gnat that buzzes in the meadow, is as much a subject of
+admiration as the largest elephant that ranges the forest, or the
+hugest whale which ploughs the deep; and when we consider the least
+creature that we can imagine, myriads of which are too small to be
+discovered without the help of glasses, and that each of their bodies is
+made up of different organs or parts, by which they receive or retain
+nourishment, &c. with the power of action, how natural the exclamation,
+O "Lord, how manifold are thy works! in wisdom hast thou made them all."
+Under these considerations, that they are the work of the same great,
+good, and Almighty hand that formed us, and that they are all capable of
+feeling pleasure and pain, surely every little child, as well as older
+person, ought carefully to avoid every kind of cruelty to any kind of
+creature, great or small.
+
+The supreme court of Judicature at Athens punished a boy for putting out
+the eyes of a poor bird; and parents and masters should never overlook
+an instance of cruelty to any thing that has life, however minute, and
+seemingly contemptible the object may be.
+
+  "I would not enter on my list of friends
+  (Though grac'd with polish'd manners, and fine sense,
+  Yet wanting sensibility) the man
+  Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm."
+
+COWPER.
+
+
+
+
+ELEPHANT-BEETLE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+The elephant-beetle is the largest of this kind hitherto known, and is
+found in South America, particularly in Guiana, about the rivers Surinam
+and Oroonoko. It is of a black colour, and the whole body is covered
+with a shell, full as thick and as strong as that of a small crab. There
+is one preserved in the museum that measures more than six inches.
+
+
+
+
+GRASSHOPPER.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+Grasshoppers are too common to need description, as they abound almost
+wherever there is green grass. One summer only is their period of life;
+they are hatched in the spring, and die in the fall; previous to which,
+they deposite their eggs in the earth, which the genial warmth of the
+next season brings to life. They are food for many of the feathered
+race.
+
+
+
+
+CRICKET.
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+There are two classes of crickets: viz. the field cricket, and the house
+cricket; the latter inhabits warm places, the holes of the hearth, &c.
+from whence we hear its notes, which are agreeable: it is said, that
+they are purchased by some, and kept in a kind of cage, for the sake of
+their music. Field crickets inhabit the meadows, and subsist on roots,
+&c. as does another species, called the mole cricket.
+
+
+
+
+LOCUST.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+There are different kinds of the locust; those we are acquainted with,
+in this country, are represented in the above cut. In some seasons, they
+are scarcely heard at all; in others, they are more numerous. About the
+middle or latter part of summer, we hear them among the leaves of the
+trees: their notes, which are continued about the space of one minute,
+are loud at the beginning, and grow lower and lower, till they cease;
+when they immediately fly to another tree, begin again, and end in the
+same way, and so on.
+
+In the eastern countries, a kind or kinds of locust, at different
+periods, have been very numerous, and have done abundance of damage. In
+the year 1650, a cloud of locusts entered Russia, in three different
+places; and from thence spread over Poland and Lithuania; the air was
+darkened, and the earth covered, in some places, to the depth of four
+feet; the trees bent with heir weight, and the damage sustained exceeded
+computation. Locusts were among the plagues of Egypt: sec Exodus, x. 15.
+
+
+
+
+FLEA.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+This very troublesome little animal multiplies very fast among old rags,
+dirt, straw, and litter, where hogs, cats, or dogs sleep; and in the
+hair and bristles of those creatures: therefore, as a means of avoiding
+such unwelcome neighbours, in the springs the cleanly farmer scrapes up
+the rubbish about his woodpile, and around his house and barn, and
+removes it into his field, where it also repays him by manuring his
+lands. They abound in warm countries, particularly in the southern parts
+of France and Italy.
+
+When examined by a microscope, the flea is a pleasant object. The body
+is curiously adorned with a suit of polished armour, neatly jointed, and
+beset with a great number of sharp pins almost like the quills of a
+porcupine: it has a small head, large eyes, two horns, or feelers, which
+proceed from the head, and four long legs from the breast; they are very
+hairy and long, and have several joints, which fold as it were one
+within another.
+
+
+
+
+LOUSE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+These loathsome animals, however unwelcome, attend in troops, and add to
+the afflictions of the unfortunate and lazy; but they are routed by the
+hand of industry and cleanliness.
+
+In examining the louse with a microscope, its external deformity strikes
+us with disgust. It has six feet, two eyes, and a sort of sting,
+proboscis, or sucker, with which it pierces the skin, and sucks the
+blood. The skin of the louse is hard and transparent, with here and
+there several bristly hairs: at the end of each leg are two claws, by
+which it is enabled to lay hold of the hairs, on which it climbs. There
+is scarcely any animal known to multiply so fast as this unwelcome
+intruder: from an experiment of Lieuenhoek, a louse in eight weeks, may
+see five thousand of its descendants.
+
+Among the ancients, what is called the lousy disease was not uncommon:
+Antiochus, Herod, and others are said to have died of this disorder.
+
+
+
+
+ITCH ... MITE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CHEGO ... DEATHWATCH.
+
+
+There are many species of mites, beside the itch animal and mite above:
+to the naked eye, they appear like moving particles of dust: but the
+microscope discovers them to be perfect animals, having as regular a
+figure, and performing all the functions of life as perfectly as
+creatures that exceed them many times in bulk: their eggs are so small
+that a regular computation shews that 90 millions of them are not so
+large as a common Pigeon's egg.
+
+The Chego is a very small animal, about one fourth the size of a common
+flea: it is very troublesome, in warm climates, to the poor blacks, such
+as go barefoot, and the slovenly: it penetrates the skin, under which it
+lays a bunch of eggs, which swell to the bigness of a small pea.
+
+The Deathwatch, of which there are two kinds, is an insect famous for a
+ticking noise, like a watch, which superstitious people take for a
+presage of death, in the family where it is heard.
+
+
+
+
+SCORPION.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+This is one of the largest of the insect tribe. It is met with in
+different countries, and of various sizes, from two or three inches to
+nearly a foot in length: it somewhat resembles a lobster, and casts its
+skin, as the lobster does its shell.
+
+Scorpions are common in hot countries: they are very bold and watchful:
+when any thing approaches, they erect their tails, and stand ready to
+inflict the direful sting. In some parts of Italy and France, they are
+among the greatest pests that plague mankind: they are very numerous,
+and are most common in old houses, in dry or decayed walls, and among
+furniture, insomuch that it is attended with, much danger to remove the
+same: their sting is generally a very deadly poison, though not in all
+cases, owing to a difference of malignity of different animals, or some
+other cause.
+
+In the time of the children of Israel, scorpions were a plague in Egypt
+and Canaan, as appears by the sacred writings. See Deuteronomy, viii.
+15, and other passages.
+
+
+
+
+ANTS.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+  'Who can observe the faithful ant,
+  And not provide for future want.'
+
+These little animals have been for ages considered as patterns of
+industry: they were specially noticed by the wise king Solomon. He says,
+"go to the ant, thou sluggard, consider her ways, and be wise." The ant
+lays eggs in the manner of common flies; from these eggs are hatched
+small maggots, or worms without legs; these, after a short time, change
+into large white aureliae, or chrysales, which are usually called ant's
+eggs. When a nest of these creatures is disturbed, however great their
+own danger, the care they take of their offspring is remarkable: each
+takes in its foreceps, a young one, often larger than itself and carries
+it off.
+
+These little insects form to themselves, with much industry and
+application, of earth, sticks, leaves, &c. little hillocks, called
+ant-hills, in the form of a cone: in these, they dwell, breed, and
+deposite their stores: they are commonly built in woody places: the
+brushy plains on Long-Island abound with them: they are from one to two
+feet in height.
+
+
+
+
+HONEY-BEE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+This is an extraordinary, curious, and remarkably industrious little
+insect, to which mankind are indebted for one of the most palatable and
+wholesome sweets which nature affords; and which was one of the choice
+articles with which the promised land was said to abound.
+
+In every hive of bees, there are three kinds; the queen, the drones,
+and the labourers: of these last, there are by far the greatest number:
+and as cold weather approaches, they drive from the hives and destroy
+the drones, that have not laboured in summer, and will not let them eat
+in winter. If bees are examined through a glass hive, all appears at
+first like confusion: but, on a more careful inspection, every animal is
+found regularly employed. It is very delightful, when the maple and
+other trees are in bloom, or the clover in the meadows, to be abroad and
+hear their busy hum.
+
+  "Brisk as the busy bee among learning's flowers.
+  Employ thy youthful sunshine hours."
+
+
+
+
+DRAGON FLY.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+Of these flies, which are called by many Spindles, there are various
+species. They all have two very large eyes, covering the whole surface
+of the head. They fly very swiftly, and prey upon the wing, clearing the
+air of innumerable little flies. The great ones live about water, but
+the smaller are common among hedges, and about gardens.
+
+
+
+
+BUTTERFLY.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+Of butterflies there are many kinds. How wonderful the various changes
+of this class of insects! The butterflies lay their eggs: from these
+hatch out worms or caterpillars, which change their skins several times,
+and, finally, become aureliae, chrysales, or silkworms, out of which
+come the beautiful butterflies.
+
+
+
+
+SPIDER.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+There are many kinds of spiders; some of which are said to grow to such
+a size that they will catch small birds: some are poisonous, but the
+greater part are harmless, although to most people their looks are
+disgusting. The web of a spider, which is a net for catching its prey,
+is an astonishing piece of curiosity.
+
+
+
+
+SILK WORM
+
+[Transcriber's Note: The heading 'SILK WORM' was added in order to
+improve clarity.]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The silk worm is a very valuable insect: it is produced from an egg of a
+yellowish colour, about the size of a small pin's head, that is laid by
+a moth, or butterfly. The above cut represents a male and female, and
+her eggs, of which she lays several hundreds: the moths live but a few
+days; they never eat, and die directly after the eggs are laid.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+This cut shews the appearance of the worm, which at first is very small
+and black. Its food is the leaves of the white mulberry: as it grows in
+size, at four different periods, it apparently sickens, and changes its
+skin, and finally, when full grown, it spins a ball of silk, called a
+cone, or cocoon, the thread of which is about three hundred yards long:
+in the centre of this ball the worm entombs itself, and experiences a
+change to a state called an aurelia, or chrysallis, as seen below the
+ball: from this aurelia, the moth that lays the eggs is hatched, and
+thus goes on the round of this animal's changes, or transmigrations.
+
+They are natives of China, and were brought into Italy, above twelve
+hundred years ago; from thence into Spain; afterwards into France; much
+later into Germany and the northern countries; and some have been reared
+in the United States of America.
+
+
+
+
+SAMUEL WOOD
+
+
+Hereby informs the good little Boys and Girls, both of city and country,
+who love to read better than to play, that if they will please to call
+at his JUVENILE BOOK-STORE, NO. 357, Pearl-street, New-York, it will be
+his pleasure to furnish them with a great variety of pretty little
+books, with neat nuts, calculated to afford to the young mind pleasing
+and useful information. Besides many from Philadelphia, New Haven, and
+elsewhere, he has nearly fifty kinds of his own printing, and proposes
+to enlarge the number.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 10834 ***
diff --git a/10834-h/10834-h.htm b/10834-h/10834-h.htm
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/10834-h/10834-h.htm
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
+<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The History of Insects, by Unknown</title>
+  <style type="text/css">
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+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 10834 ***</div>
+<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, The History of Insects, by Unknown</h1>
+<br />
+<br />
+<hr class="full" />
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a href="./images/0002.png">
+  <img src="./images/0002.png" width="300" alt="Fonts used in this book." /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+  <h1>THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.</h1>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a href="./images/0003.png">
+  <img src="./images/0003b.png" width="300" height="207"
+  alt="A drawing of various insects" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <h4>And God made every thing that creepeth upon the earth. Gen. 1. 25.</h4>
+  <hr />
+
+  <h3>NEW-YORK:<br />
+  PRINTED AND SOLD BY SAMUEL WOOD,<br />
+  At the Juvenile Book-store,<br />
+  No. 357, Pearl-street.</h3>
+
+  <h3>1813.</h3>
+  <hr />
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>Observe the insect race, ordained to keep</p>
+      <p>The silent sabbath of a half year's sleep!</p>
+      <p>Entom'd beneath the filmy web they lie</p>
+      <p>And wait the influence of a kinder sky;</p>
+      <p>When vernal sunbeams pierce the dark retreat,</p>
+      <p>The heaving tomb distends with vital heat;</p>
+      <p>The full formed brood, impatient of their cell,</p>
+      <p>Start from their trance, and burst their silken shell.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="author">
+      BARBAULD.
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+  <ol>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_1">THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_2">ELEPHANT-BEETLE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_3">GRASSHOPPER.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_4">CRICKET.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_5">LOCUST.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_6">FLEA.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_7">LOUSE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_8">ITCH ... MITE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_9">SCORPION.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_10">ANTS.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_11">HONEY-BEE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_12">DRAGON FLY.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_13">BUTTERFLY.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_14">SPIDER.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_15">SILK WORM</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_16">SAMUEL WOOD</a></li>
+  </ol>
+  <hr class="full" />
+  <a name="RULE4_1" id="RULE4_1"><!-- RULE4 1 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.</h2>
+  <hr />
+
+  <p>Insects are so called from a separation in the middle of their bodies,
+  seemingly cut into two parts, and joined together by a small ligature, as we
+  see in wasps and common flies.</p>
+
+  <p>However small and contemptible this class of beings may appear, at first
+  thought, yet, when we come to reflect, and carefully investigate, we shall
+  be struck with wonder and astonishment, and shall discover, that the
+  smallest gnat that buzzes in the meadow, is as much a subject of admiration
+  as the largest elephant that ranges the forest, or the hugest whale which
+  ploughs the deep; and when we consider the least creature that we can
+  imagine, myriads of which are too small to be discovered without the help of
+  glasses, and that each of their bodies is made up of different organs or
+  parts, by which they receive or retain nourishment, &amp;c. with the power
+  of action, how natural the exclamation, O "Lord, how manifold are thy works!
+  in wisdom hast thou made them all." Under these considerations, that they
+  are the work of the same great, good, and Almighty hand that formed us, and
+  that they are all capable of feeling pleasure and pain, surely every little
+  child, as well as older person, ought carefully to avoid every kind of
+  cruelty to any kind of creature, great or small.</p>
+
+  <p>The supreme court of Judicature at Athens punished a boy for putting out
+  the eyes of a poor bird; and parents and masters should never overlook an
+  instance of cruelty to any thing that has life, however minute, and
+  seemingly contemptible the object may be.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <p>"I would not enter on my list of friends</p>
+    <p>(Though grac'd with polish'd manners, and fine sense,</p>
+    <p>Yet wanting sensibility) the man</p>
+    <p>Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm."</p>
+
+    <div class="author">
+      COWPER.
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_2" id="RULE4_2"><!-- RULE4 2 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>ELEPHANT-BEETLE.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-2" id="image-2"><!-- Image 2 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0008.png"><img src="./images/0008b.png" width="300" height="136"
+  alt="Picture of an Elephant Beetle" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>The elephant-beetle is the largest of this kind hitherto known, and is
+  found in South America, particularly in Guiana, about the rivers Surinam and
+  Oroonoko. It is of a black colour, and the whole body is covered with a
+  shell, full as thick and as strong as that of a small crab. There is one
+  preserved in the museum that measures more than six inches.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_3" id="RULE4_3"><!-- RULE4 3 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>GRASSHOPPER.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-3" id="image-3"><!-- Image 3 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0009.png"><img src="./images/0009b.png" width="300" height="136"
+  alt="Picture of a Grasshopper" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>Grasshoppers are too common to need description, as they abound almost
+  wherever there is green grass. One summer only is their period of life; they
+  are hatched in the spring, and die in the fall; previous to which, they
+  deposite their eggs in the earth, which the genial warmth of the next season
+  brings to life. They are food for many of the feathered race.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_4" id="RULE4_4"><!-- RULE4 4 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>CRICKET.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-4" id="image-4"><!-- Image 4 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0010.png"><img src="./images/0010b.png" width="300" height="133"
+  alt="Picture of a Cricket" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are two classes of crickets: viz. the field cricket, and the house
+  cricket; the latter inhabits warm places, the holes of the hearth, &amp;c.
+  from whence we hear its notes, which are agreeable: it is said, that they
+  are purchased by some, and kept in a kind of cage, for the sake of their
+  music. Field crickets inhabit the meadows, and subsist on roots, &amp;c. as
+  does another species, called the mole cricket.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_5" id="RULE4_5"><!-- RULE4 5 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>LOCUST.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-5" id="image-5"><!-- Image 5 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0011.png"><img src="./images/0011b.png" width="300" height="208"
+  alt="Picture of a Cricket" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are different kinds of the locust; those we are acquainted with, in
+  this country, are represented in the above cut. In some seasons, they are
+  scarcely heard at all; in others, they are more numerous. About the middle
+  or latter part of summer, we hear them among the leaves of the trees: their
+  notes, which are continued about the space of one minute, are loud at the
+  beginning, and grow lower and lower, till they cease; when they immediately
+  fly to another tree, begin again, and end in the same way, and so on.</p>
+
+  <p>In the eastern countries, a kind or kinds of locust, at different
+  periods, have been very numerous, and have done abundance of damage. In the
+  year 1650, a cloud of locusts entered Russia, in three different places; and
+  from thence spread over Poland and Lithuania; the air was darkened, and the
+  earth covered, in some places, to the depth of four feet; the trees bent
+  with heir weight, and the damage sustained exceeded computation. Locusts
+  were among the plagues of Egypt: sec Exodus, x. 15.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_6" id="RULE4_6"><!-- RULE4 6 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>FLEA.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-6" id="image-6"><!-- Image 6 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0013.png"><img src="./images/0013b.png" width="300" height="217"
+  alt="Picture of a Flea" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This very troublesome little animal multiplies very fast among old rags,
+  dirt, straw, and litter, where hogs, cats, or dogs sleep; and in the hair
+  and bristles of those creatures: therefore, as a means of avoiding such
+  unwelcome neighbours, in the springs the cleanly farmer scrapes up the
+  rubbish about his woodpile, and around his house and barn, and removes it
+  into his field, where it also repays him by manuring his lands. They abound
+  in warm countries, particularly in the southern parts of France and
+  Italy.</p>
+
+  <p>When examined by a microscope, the flea is a pleasant object. The body is
+  curiously adorned with a suit of polished armour, neatly jointed, and beset
+  with a great number of sharp pins almost like the quills of a porcupine: it
+  has a small head, large eyes, two horns, or feelers, which proceed from the
+  head, and four long legs from the breast; they are very hairy and long, and
+  have several joints, which fold as it were one within another.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_7" id="RULE4_7"><!-- RULE4 7 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>LOUSE.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-7" id="image-7"><!-- Image 7 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0015.png"><img src="./images/0015b.png" width="300" height="217"
+  alt="Picture of a Louse" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>These loathsome animals, however unwelcome, attend in troops, and add to
+  the afflictions of the unfortunate and lazy; but they are routed by the hand
+  of industry and cleanliness.</p>
+
+  <p>In examining the louse with a microscope, its external deformity strikes
+  us with disgust. It has six feet, two eyes, and a sort of sting, proboscis,
+  or sucker, with which it pierces the skin, and sucks the blood. The skin of
+  the louse is hard and transparent, with here and there several bristly
+  hairs: at the end of each leg are two claws, by which it is enabled to lay
+  hold of the hairs, on which it climbs. There is scarcely any animal known to
+  multiply so fast as this unwelcome intruder: from an experiment of
+  Lieuenhoek, a louse in eight weeks, may see five thousand of its
+  descendants.</p>
+
+  <p>Among the ancients, what is called the lousy disease was not uncommon:
+  Antiochus, Herod, and others are said to have died of this disorder.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_8" id="RULE4_8"><!-- RULE4 8 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>ITCH ... MITE ... CHEGO ... DEATHWATCH.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-8" id="image-8"><!-- Image 8 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0017.png"><img src="./images/0017b.png" width="300" height="218"
+  alt=
+  "Picture of four related insects: Itch, Mite, Chego, and Deathwatch" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are many species of mites, beside the itch animal and mite above:
+  to the naked eye, they appear like moving particles of dust: but the
+  microscope discovers them to be perfect animals, having as regular a figure,
+  and performing all the functions of life as perfectly as creatures that
+  exceed them many times in bulk: their eggs are so small that a regular
+  computation shews that 90 millions of them are not so large as a common
+  Pigeon's egg.</p>
+
+  <p>The Chego is a very small animal, about one fourth the size of a common
+  flea: it is very troublesome, in warm climates, to the poor blacks, such as
+  go barefoot, and the slovenly: it penetrates the skin, under which it lays a
+  bunch of eggs, which swell to the bigness of a small pea.</p>
+
+  <p>The Deathwatch, of which there are two kinds, is an insect famous for a
+  ticking noise, like a watch, which superstitious people take for a presage
+  of death, in the family where it is heard.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_9" id="RULE4_9"><!-- RULE4 9 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SCORPION.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-9" id="image-9"><!-- Image 9 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0019.png"><img src="./images/0019b.png" width="300" height="121"
+  alt="Picture of a Scorpion" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This is one of the largest of the insect tribe. It is met with in
+  different countries, and of various sizes, from two or three inches to
+  nearly a foot in length: it somewhat resembles a lobster, and casts its
+  skin, as the lobster does its shell.</p>
+
+  <p>Scorpions are common in hot countries: they are very bold and watchful:
+  when any thing approaches, they erect their tails, and stand ready to
+  inflict the direful sting. In some parts of Italy and France, they are among
+  the greatest pests that plague mankind: they are very numerous, and are most
+  common in old houses, in dry or decayed walls, and among furniture, insomuch
+  that it is attended with, much danger to remove the same: their sting is
+  generally a very deadly poison, though not in all cases, owing to a
+  difference of malignity of different animals, or some other cause.</p>
+
+  <p>In the time of the children of Israel, scorpions were a plague in Egypt
+  and Canaan, as appears by the sacred writings. See Deuteronomy, viii. 15,
+  and other passages.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_10" id="RULE4_10"><!-- RULE4 10 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>ANTS.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-10" id="image-10"><!-- Image 10 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0021.png"><img src="./images/0021b.png" width="300" height="229"
+  alt="Picture of some Ants" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>'Who can observe the faithful ant,</p>
+      <p>And not provide for future want.'</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>These little animals have been for ages considered as patterns of
+  industry: they were specially noticed by the wise king Solomon. He says, "go
+  to the ant, thou sluggard, consider her ways, and be wise." The ant lays
+  eggs in the manner of common flies; from these eggs are hatched small
+  maggots, or worms without legs; these, after a short time, change into large
+  white aureliae, or chrysales, which are usually called ant's eggs. When a
+  nest of these creatures is disturbed, however great their own danger, the
+  care they take of their offspring is remarkable: each takes in its foreceps,
+  a young one, often larger than itself and carries it off.</p>
+
+  <p>These little insects form to themselves, with much industry and
+  application, of earth, sticks, leaves, &amp;c. little hillocks, called
+  ant-hills, in the form of a cone: in these, they dwell, breed, and deposite
+  their stores: they are commonly built in woody places: the brushy plains on
+  Long-Island abound with them: they are from one to two feet in height.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_11" id="RULE4_11"><!-- RULE4 11 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>HONEY-BEE.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-11" id="image-11"><!-- Image 11 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0023.png"><img src="./images/0023b.png" width="300" height="219"
+  alt="Picture of a Honey Bee" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This is an extraordinary, curious, and remarkably industrious little
+  insect, to which mankind are indebted for one of the most palatable and
+  wholesome sweets which nature affords; and which was one of the choice
+  articles with which the promised land was said to abound.</p>
+
+  <p>In every hive of bees, there are three kinds; the queen, the drones, and
+  the labourers: of these last, there are by far the greatest number: and as
+  cold weather approaches, they drive from the hives and destroy the drones,
+  that have not laboured in summer, and will not let them eat in winter. If
+  bees are examined through a glass hive, all appears at first like confusion:
+  but, on a more careful inspection, every animal is found regularly employed.
+  It is very delightful, when the maple and other trees are in bloom, or the
+  clover in the meadows, to be abroad and hear their busy hum.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>"Brisk as the busy bee among learning's flowers.</p>
+      <p>Employ thy youthful sunshine hours."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_12" id="RULE4_12"><!-- RULE4 12 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>DRAGON FLY.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-12" id="image-12"><!-- Image 12 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0025.png"><img src="./images/0025b.png" width="300" height="221"
+  alt="Picture of a Dragon Fly" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>Of these flies, which are called by many Spindles, there are various
+  species. They all have two very large eyes, covering the whole surface of
+  the head. They fly very swiftly, and prey upon the wing, clearing the air of
+  innumerable little flies. The great ones live about water, but the smaller
+  are common among hedges, and about gardens.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_13" id="RULE4_13"><!-- RULE4 13 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>BUTTERFLY.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-13" id="image-13"><!-- Image 13 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0026.png"><img src="./images/0026b.png" width="300" height="195"
+  alt="Picture of a Butterfly" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>Of butterflies there are many kinds. How wonderful the various changes of
+  this class of insects! The butterflies lay their eggs: from these hatch out
+  worms or caterpillars, which change their skins several times, and, finally,
+  become aureliae, chrysales, or silkworms, out of which come the beautiful
+  butterflies.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_14" id="RULE4_14"><!-- RULE4 14 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SPIDER.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-14" id="image-14"><!-- Image 14 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0027.png"><img src="./images/0027b.png" width="300" height="215"
+  alt="Picture of a Spider" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are many kinds of spiders; some of which are said to grow to such a
+  size that they will catch small birds: some are poisonous, but the greater
+  part are harmless, although to most people their looks are disgusting. The
+  web of a spider, which is a net for catching its prey, is an astonishing
+  piece of curiosity.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_15" id="RULE4_15"><!-- RULE4 15 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SILK WORM</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-15" id="image-15"><!-- Image 15 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0028.png"><img src="./images/0028b.png" width="300" height="224"
+  alt="Picture of a Silk Worm" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>The silk worm is a very valuable insect: it is produced from an egg of a
+  yellowish colour, about the size of a small pin's head, that is laid by a
+  moth, or butterfly. The above cut represents a male and female, and her
+  eggs, of which she lays several hundreds: the moths live but a few days;
+  they never eat, and die directly after the eggs are laid.</p>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-16" id="image-16"><!-- Image 16 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0029.png"><img src="./images/0029b.png" width="300" height="206"
+  alt="Another picture of a Silk Worm" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This cut shews the appearance of the worm, which at first is very small
+  and black. Its food is the leaves of the white mulberry: as it grows in
+  size, at four different periods, it apparently sickens, and changes its
+  skin, and finally, when full grown, it spins a ball of silk, called a cone,
+  or cocoon, the thread of which is about three hundred yards long: in the
+  centre of this ball the worm entombs itself, and experiences a change to a
+  state called an aurelia, or chrysallis, as seen below the ball: from this
+  aurelia, the moth that lays the eggs is hatched, and thus goes on the round
+  of this animal's changes, or transmigrations.</p>
+
+  <p>They are natives of China, and were brought into Italy, above twelve
+  hundred years ago; from thence into Spain; afterwards into France; much
+  later into Germany and the northern countries; and some have been reared in
+  the United States of America.</p>
+  <hr class="full" />
+  <a name="RULE4_16" id="RULE4_16"><!-- RULE4 16 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SAMUEL WOOD</h2>
+
+  <p>Hereby informs the good little Boys and Girls, both of city and country,
+  who love to read better than to play, that if they will please to call at
+  his JUVENILE BOOK-STORE, NO. 357, Pearl-street, New-York, it will be his
+  pleasure to furnish them with a great variety of pretty little books, with
+  neat nuts, calculated to afford to the young mind pleasing and useful
+  information. Besides many from Philadelphia, New Haven, and elsewhere, he
+  has nearly fifty kinds of his own printing, and proposes to enlarge the
+  number.</p>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-17" id="image-17"><!-- Image 17 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0032.jpg"><img src="./images/0032b.jpg" width="300" height="243"
+  alt="Illustration" /></a>
+  </div>
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-18" id="image-18"><!-- Image 18 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0033.jpg"><img src="./images/0033b.jpg" width="300" height="242"
+  alt="Illustration" /></a>
+  </div>
+<br />
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 10834 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
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+<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, The History of Insects, by Unknown</h1>
+<pre>
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at <a href = "https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></pre>
+<p>Title: The History of Insects</p>
+<p>Author: Unknown</p>
+<p>Release Date: January 25, 2004  [eBook #10834]</p>
+<p>Language: English</p>
+<p>Character set encoding: US-ASCII</p>
+<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HISTORY OF INSECTS***</p>
+<br />
+<center><h3>E-text prepared by Internet Archive Children's Library,<br />
+            Garrett Alley,<br />
+            and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team</h3></center>
+<br />
+<hr class="full" />
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a href="./images/0002.png">
+  <img src="./images/0002.png" width="300" alt="Fonts used in this book." /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+  <h1>THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.</h1>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a href="./images/0003.png">
+  <img src="./images/0003b.png" width="300" height="207"
+  alt="A drawing of various insects" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <h4>And God made every thing that creepeth upon the earth. Gen. 1. 25.</h4>
+  <hr />
+
+  <h3>NEW-YORK:<br />
+  PRINTED AND SOLD BY SAMUEL WOOD,<br />
+  At the Juvenile Book-store,<br />
+  No. 357, Pearl-street.</h3>
+
+  <h3>1813.</h3>
+  <hr />
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>Observe the insect race, ordained to keep</p>
+      <p>The silent sabbath of a half year's sleep!</p>
+      <p>Entom'd beneath the filmy web they lie</p>
+      <p>And wait the influence of a kinder sky;</p>
+      <p>When vernal sunbeams pierce the dark retreat,</p>
+      <p>The heaving tomb distends with vital heat;</p>
+      <p>The full formed brood, impatient of their cell,</p>
+      <p>Start from their trance, and burst their silken shell.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="author">
+      BARBAULD.
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <hr class="full" />
+
+  <ol>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_1">THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_2">ELEPHANT-BEETLE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_3">GRASSHOPPER.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_4">CRICKET.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_5">LOCUST.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_6">FLEA.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_7">LOUSE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_8">ITCH ... MITE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_9">SCORPION.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_10">ANTS.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_11">HONEY-BEE.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_12">DRAGON FLY.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_13">BUTTERFLY.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_14">SPIDER.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_15">SILK WORM</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#RULE4_16">SAMUEL WOOD</a></li>
+  </ol>
+  <hr class="full" />
+  <a name="RULE4_1" id="RULE4_1"><!-- RULE4 1 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.</h2>
+  <hr />
+
+  <p>Insects are so called from a separation in the middle of their bodies,
+  seemingly cut into two parts, and joined together by a small ligature, as we
+  see in wasps and common flies.</p>
+
+  <p>However small and contemptible this class of beings may appear, at first
+  thought, yet, when we come to reflect, and carefully investigate, we shall
+  be struck with wonder and astonishment, and shall discover, that the
+  smallest gnat that buzzes in the meadow, is as much a subject of admiration
+  as the largest elephant that ranges the forest, or the hugest whale which
+  ploughs the deep; and when we consider the least creature that we can
+  imagine, myriads of which are too small to be discovered without the help of
+  glasses, and that each of their bodies is made up of different organs or
+  parts, by which they receive or retain nourishment, &amp;c. with the power
+  of action, how natural the exclamation, O "Lord, how manifold are thy works!
+  in wisdom hast thou made them all." Under these considerations, that they
+  are the work of the same great, good, and Almighty hand that formed us, and
+  that they are all capable of feeling pleasure and pain, surely every little
+  child, as well as older person, ought carefully to avoid every kind of
+  cruelty to any kind of creature, great or small.</p>
+
+  <p>The supreme court of Judicature at Athens punished a boy for putting out
+  the eyes of a poor bird; and parents and masters should never overlook an
+  instance of cruelty to any thing that has life, however minute, and
+  seemingly contemptible the object may be.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <p>"I would not enter on my list of friends</p>
+    <p>(Though grac'd with polish'd manners, and fine sense,</p>
+    <p>Yet wanting sensibility) the man</p>
+    <p>Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm."</p>
+
+    <div class="author">
+      COWPER.
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_2" id="RULE4_2"><!-- RULE4 2 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>ELEPHANT-BEETLE.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-2" id="image-2"><!-- Image 2 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0008.png"><img src="./images/0008b.png" width="300" height="136"
+  alt="Picture of an Elephant Beetle" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>The elephant-beetle is the largest of this kind hitherto known, and is
+  found in South America, particularly in Guiana, about the rivers Surinam and
+  Oroonoko. It is of a black colour, and the whole body is covered with a
+  shell, full as thick and as strong as that of a small crab. There is one
+  preserved in the museum that measures more than six inches.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_3" id="RULE4_3"><!-- RULE4 3 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>GRASSHOPPER.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-3" id="image-3"><!-- Image 3 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0009.png"><img src="./images/0009b.png" width="300" height="136"
+  alt="Picture of a Grasshopper" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>Grasshoppers are too common to need description, as they abound almost
+  wherever there is green grass. One summer only is their period of life; they
+  are hatched in the spring, and die in the fall; previous to which, they
+  deposite their eggs in the earth, which the genial warmth of the next season
+  brings to life. They are food for many of the feathered race.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_4" id="RULE4_4"><!-- RULE4 4 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>CRICKET.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-4" id="image-4"><!-- Image 4 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0010.png"><img src="./images/0010b.png" width="300" height="133"
+  alt="Picture of a Cricket" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are two classes of crickets: viz. the field cricket, and the house
+  cricket; the latter inhabits warm places, the holes of the hearth, &amp;c.
+  from whence we hear its notes, which are agreeable: it is said, that they
+  are purchased by some, and kept in a kind of cage, for the sake of their
+  music. Field crickets inhabit the meadows, and subsist on roots, &amp;c. as
+  does another species, called the mole cricket.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_5" id="RULE4_5"><!-- RULE4 5 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>LOCUST.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-5" id="image-5"><!-- Image 5 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0011.png"><img src="./images/0011b.png" width="300" height="208"
+  alt="Picture of a Cricket" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are different kinds of the locust; those we are acquainted with, in
+  this country, are represented in the above cut. In some seasons, they are
+  scarcely heard at all; in others, they are more numerous. About the middle
+  or latter part of summer, we hear them among the leaves of the trees: their
+  notes, which are continued about the space of one minute, are loud at the
+  beginning, and grow lower and lower, till they cease; when they immediately
+  fly to another tree, begin again, and end in the same way, and so on.</p>
+
+  <p>In the eastern countries, a kind or kinds of locust, at different
+  periods, have been very numerous, and have done abundance of damage. In the
+  year 1650, a cloud of locusts entered Russia, in three different places; and
+  from thence spread over Poland and Lithuania; the air was darkened, and the
+  earth covered, in some places, to the depth of four feet; the trees bent
+  with heir weight, and the damage sustained exceeded computation. Locusts
+  were among the plagues of Egypt: sec Exodus, x. 15.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_6" id="RULE4_6"><!-- RULE4 6 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>FLEA.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-6" id="image-6"><!-- Image 6 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0013.png"><img src="./images/0013b.png" width="300" height="217"
+  alt="Picture of a Flea" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This very troublesome little animal multiplies very fast among old rags,
+  dirt, straw, and litter, where hogs, cats, or dogs sleep; and in the hair
+  and bristles of those creatures: therefore, as a means of avoiding such
+  unwelcome neighbours, in the springs the cleanly farmer scrapes up the
+  rubbish about his woodpile, and around his house and barn, and removes it
+  into his field, where it also repays him by manuring his lands. They abound
+  in warm countries, particularly in the southern parts of France and
+  Italy.</p>
+
+  <p>When examined by a microscope, the flea is a pleasant object. The body is
+  curiously adorned with a suit of polished armour, neatly jointed, and beset
+  with a great number of sharp pins almost like the quills of a porcupine: it
+  has a small head, large eyes, two horns, or feelers, which proceed from the
+  head, and four long legs from the breast; they are very hairy and long, and
+  have several joints, which fold as it were one within another.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_7" id="RULE4_7"><!-- RULE4 7 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>LOUSE.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-7" id="image-7"><!-- Image 7 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0015.png"><img src="./images/0015b.png" width="300" height="217"
+  alt="Picture of a Louse" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>These loathsome animals, however unwelcome, attend in troops, and add to
+  the afflictions of the unfortunate and lazy; but they are routed by the hand
+  of industry and cleanliness.</p>
+
+  <p>In examining the louse with a microscope, its external deformity strikes
+  us with disgust. It has six feet, two eyes, and a sort of sting, proboscis,
+  or sucker, with which it pierces the skin, and sucks the blood. The skin of
+  the louse is hard and transparent, with here and there several bristly
+  hairs: at the end of each leg are two claws, by which it is enabled to lay
+  hold of the hairs, on which it climbs. There is scarcely any animal known to
+  multiply so fast as this unwelcome intruder: from an experiment of
+  Lieuenhoek, a louse in eight weeks, may see five thousand of its
+  descendants.</p>
+
+  <p>Among the ancients, what is called the lousy disease was not uncommon:
+  Antiochus, Herod, and others are said to have died of this disorder.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_8" id="RULE4_8"><!-- RULE4 8 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>ITCH ... MITE ... CHEGO ... DEATHWATCH.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-8" id="image-8"><!-- Image 8 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0017.png"><img src="./images/0017b.png" width="300" height="218"
+  alt=
+  "Picture of four related insects: Itch, Mite, Chego, and Deathwatch" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are many species of mites, beside the itch animal and mite above:
+  to the naked eye, they appear like moving particles of dust: but the
+  microscope discovers them to be perfect animals, having as regular a figure,
+  and performing all the functions of life as perfectly as creatures that
+  exceed them many times in bulk: their eggs are so small that a regular
+  computation shews that 90 millions of them are not so large as a common
+  Pigeon's egg.</p>
+
+  <p>The Chego is a very small animal, about one fourth the size of a common
+  flea: it is very troublesome, in warm climates, to the poor blacks, such as
+  go barefoot, and the slovenly: it penetrates the skin, under which it lays a
+  bunch of eggs, which swell to the bigness of a small pea.</p>
+
+  <p>The Deathwatch, of which there are two kinds, is an insect famous for a
+  ticking noise, like a watch, which superstitious people take for a presage
+  of death, in the family where it is heard.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_9" id="RULE4_9"><!-- RULE4 9 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SCORPION.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-9" id="image-9"><!-- Image 9 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0019.png"><img src="./images/0019b.png" width="300" height="121"
+  alt="Picture of a Scorpion" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This is one of the largest of the insect tribe. It is met with in
+  different countries, and of various sizes, from two or three inches to
+  nearly a foot in length: it somewhat resembles a lobster, and casts its
+  skin, as the lobster does its shell.</p>
+
+  <p>Scorpions are common in hot countries: they are very bold and watchful:
+  when any thing approaches, they erect their tails, and stand ready to
+  inflict the direful sting. In some parts of Italy and France, they are among
+  the greatest pests that plague mankind: they are very numerous, and are most
+  common in old houses, in dry or decayed walls, and among furniture, insomuch
+  that it is attended with, much danger to remove the same: their sting is
+  generally a very deadly poison, though not in all cases, owing to a
+  difference of malignity of different animals, or some other cause.</p>
+
+  <p>In the time of the children of Israel, scorpions were a plague in Egypt
+  and Canaan, as appears by the sacred writings. See Deuteronomy, viii. 15,
+  and other passages.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_10" id="RULE4_10"><!-- RULE4 10 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>ANTS.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-10" id="image-10"><!-- Image 10 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0021.png"><img src="./images/0021b.png" width="300" height="229"
+  alt="Picture of some Ants" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>'Who can observe the faithful ant,</p>
+      <p>And not provide for future want.'</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>These little animals have been for ages considered as patterns of
+  industry: they were specially noticed by the wise king Solomon. He says, "go
+  to the ant, thou sluggard, consider her ways, and be wise." The ant lays
+  eggs in the manner of common flies; from these eggs are hatched small
+  maggots, or worms without legs; these, after a short time, change into large
+  white aureliae, or chrysales, which are usually called ant's eggs. When a
+  nest of these creatures is disturbed, however great their own danger, the
+  care they take of their offspring is remarkable: each takes in its foreceps,
+  a young one, often larger than itself and carries it off.</p>
+
+  <p>These little insects form to themselves, with much industry and
+  application, of earth, sticks, leaves, &amp;c. little hillocks, called
+  ant-hills, in the form of a cone: in these, they dwell, breed, and deposite
+  their stores: they are commonly built in woody places: the brushy plains on
+  Long-Island abound with them: they are from one to two feet in height.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_11" id="RULE4_11"><!-- RULE4 11 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>HONEY-BEE.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-11" id="image-11"><!-- Image 11 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0023.png"><img src="./images/0023b.png" width="300" height="219"
+  alt="Picture of a Honey Bee" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This is an extraordinary, curious, and remarkably industrious little
+  insect, to which mankind are indebted for one of the most palatable and
+  wholesome sweets which nature affords; and which was one of the choice
+  articles with which the promised land was said to abound.</p>
+
+  <p>In every hive of bees, there are three kinds; the queen, the drones, and
+  the labourers: of these last, there are by far the greatest number: and as
+  cold weather approaches, they drive from the hives and destroy the drones,
+  that have not laboured in summer, and will not let them eat in winter. If
+  bees are examined through a glass hive, all appears at first like confusion:
+  but, on a more careful inspection, every animal is found regularly employed.
+  It is very delightful, when the maple and other trees are in bloom, or the
+  clover in the meadows, to be abroad and hear their busy hum.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>"Brisk as the busy bee among learning's flowers.</p>
+      <p>Employ thy youthful sunshine hours."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_12" id="RULE4_12"><!-- RULE4 12 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>DRAGON FLY.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-12" id="image-12"><!-- Image 12 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0025.png"><img src="./images/0025b.png" width="300" height="221"
+  alt="Picture of a Dragon Fly" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>Of these flies, which are called by many Spindles, there are various
+  species. They all have two very large eyes, covering the whole surface of
+  the head. They fly very swiftly, and prey upon the wing, clearing the air of
+  innumerable little flies. The great ones live about water, but the smaller
+  are common among hedges, and about gardens.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_13" id="RULE4_13"><!-- RULE4 13 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>BUTTERFLY.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-13" id="image-13"><!-- Image 13 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0026.png"><img src="./images/0026b.png" width="300" height="195"
+  alt="Picture of a Butterfly" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>Of butterflies there are many kinds. How wonderful the various changes of
+  this class of insects! The butterflies lay their eggs: from these hatch out
+  worms or caterpillars, which change their skins several times, and, finally,
+  become aureliae, chrysales, or silkworms, out of which come the beautiful
+  butterflies.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_14" id="RULE4_14"><!-- RULE4 14 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SPIDER.</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-14" id="image-14"><!-- Image 14 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0027.png"><img src="./images/0027b.png" width="300" height="215"
+  alt="Picture of a Spider" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>There are many kinds of spiders; some of which are said to grow to such a
+  size that they will catch small birds: some are poisonous, but the greater
+  part are harmless, although to most people their looks are disgusting. The
+  web of a spider, which is a net for catching its prey, is an astonishing
+  piece of curiosity.</p>
+  <hr />
+  <a name="RULE4_15" id="RULE4_15"><!-- RULE4 15 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SILK WORM</h2>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-15" id="image-15"><!-- Image 15 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0028.png"><img src="./images/0028b.png" width="300" height="224"
+  alt="Picture of a Silk Worm" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>The silk worm is a very valuable insect: it is produced from an egg of a
+  yellowish colour, about the size of a small pin's head, that is laid by a
+  moth, or butterfly. The above cut represents a male and female, and her
+  eggs, of which she lays several hundreds: the moths live but a few days;
+  they never eat, and die directly after the eggs are laid.</p>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-16" id="image-16"><!-- Image 16 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0029.png"><img src="./images/0029b.png" width="300" height="206"
+  alt="Another picture of a Silk Worm" /></a>
+  </div>
+
+  <p>This cut shews the appearance of the worm, which at first is very small
+  and black. Its food is the leaves of the white mulberry: as it grows in
+  size, at four different periods, it apparently sickens, and changes its
+  skin, and finally, when full grown, it spins a ball of silk, called a cone,
+  or cocoon, the thread of which is about three hundred yards long: in the
+  centre of this ball the worm entombs itself, and experiences a change to a
+  state called an aurelia, or chrysallis, as seen below the ball: from this
+  aurelia, the moth that lays the eggs is hatched, and thus goes on the round
+  of this animal's changes, or transmigrations.</p>
+
+  <p>They are natives of China, and were brought into Italy, above twelve
+  hundred years ago; from thence into Spain; afterwards into France; much
+  later into Germany and the northern countries; and some have been reared in
+  the United States of America.</p>
+  <hr class="full" />
+  <a name="RULE4_16" id="RULE4_16"><!-- RULE4 16 --></a>
+
+
+
+  <h2>SAMUEL WOOD</h2>
+
+  <p>Hereby informs the good little Boys and Girls, both of city and country,
+  who love to read better than to play, that if they will please to call at
+  his JUVENILE BOOK-STORE, NO. 357, Pearl-street, New-York, it will be his
+  pleasure to furnish them with a great variety of pretty little books, with
+  neat nuts, calculated to afford to the young mind pleasing and useful
+  information. Besides many from Philadelphia, New Haven, and elsewhere, he
+  has nearly fifty kinds of his own printing, and proposes to enlarge the
+  number.</p>
+
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-17" id="image-17"><!-- Image 17 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0032.jpg"><img src="./images/0032b.jpg" width="300" height="243"
+  alt="Illustration" /></a>
+  </div>
+  <div class="figure">
+  <a name="image-18" id="image-18"><!-- Image 18 --></a> <a href=
+  "./images/0033.jpg"><img src="./images/0033b.jpg" width="300" height="242"
+  alt="Illustration" /></a>
+  </div>
+<br />
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HISTORY OF INSECTS***</p>
+<p>******* This file should be named 10834-h.txt or 10834-h.zip *******</p>
+<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br />
+<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/8/3/10834">https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/8/3/10834</a></p>
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+</body>
+</html>
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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, The History of Insects, by Unknown
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: The History of Insects
+
+Author: Unknown
+
+Release Date: January 25, 2004  [eBook #10834]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: US-ASCII
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HISTORY OF INSECTS***
+
+
+E-text prepared by Internet Archive Children's Library, Garrett Alley, and
+the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original illustrations.
+      See 10834-h.htm or 10834-h.zip:
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/0/8/3/10834/10834-h/10834-h.htm)
+      or
+      (http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/1/0/8/3/10834/10834-h.zip)
+
+
+
+
+THE HISTORY OF INSECTS
+
+NEW-YORK:
+PRINTED AND SOLD BY SAMUEL WOOD,
+At the Juvenile Book-store,
+No. 357, Pearl-street.
+
+1813.
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+    And God made every thing that creepeth
+  upon the earth. Gen. 1. 25.
+
+
+
+
+
+A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+fi fl ff ffi ffl----_fi fl ff ffi ffl_.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  Observe the insect race, ordained to keep
+  The silent sabbath of a half year's sleep!
+  Entom'd beneath the filmy web they lie
+  And wait the influence of a kinder sky;
+  When vernal sunbeams pierce the dark retreat,
+  The heaving tomb distends with vital heat;
+  The full formed brood, impatient of their cell,
+  Start from their trance, and burst their silken shell.
+
+BARBAULD.
+
+
+
+
+THE HISTORY OF INSECTS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Insects are so called from a separation in the middle of their bodies,
+seemingly cut into two parts, and joined together by a small ligature,
+as we see in wasps and common flies.
+
+However small and contemptible this class of beings may appear, at first
+thought, yet, when we come to reflect, and carefully investigate, we
+shall be struck with wonder and astonishment, and shall discover, that
+the smallest gnat that buzzes in the meadow, is as much a subject of
+admiration as the largest elephant that ranges the forest, or the
+hugest whale which ploughs the deep; and when we consider the least
+creature that we can imagine, myriads of which are too small to be
+discovered without the help of glasses, and that each of their bodies is
+made up of different organs or parts, by which they receive or retain
+nourishment, &c. with the power of action, how natural the exclamation,
+O "Lord, how manifold are thy works! in wisdom hast thou made them all."
+Under these considerations, that they are the work of the same great,
+good, and Almighty hand that formed us, and that they are all capable of
+feeling pleasure and pain, surely every little child, as well as older
+person, ought carefully to avoid every kind of cruelty to any kind of
+creature, great or small.
+
+The supreme court of Judicature at Athens punished a boy for putting out
+the eyes of a poor bird; and parents and masters should never overlook
+an instance of cruelty to any thing that has life, however minute, and
+seemingly contemptible the object may be.
+
+  "I would not enter on my list of friends
+  (Though grac'd with polish'd manners, and fine sense,
+  Yet wanting sensibility) the man
+  Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm."
+
+COWPER.
+
+
+
+
+ELEPHANT-BEETLE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+The elephant-beetle is the largest of this kind hitherto known, and is
+found in South America, particularly in Guiana, about the rivers Surinam
+and Oroonoko. It is of a black colour, and the whole body is covered
+with a shell, full as thick and as strong as that of a small crab. There
+is one preserved in the museum that measures more than six inches.
+
+
+
+
+GRASSHOPPER.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+Grasshoppers are too common to need description, as they abound almost
+wherever there is green grass. One summer only is their period of life;
+they are hatched in the spring, and die in the fall; previous to which,
+they deposite their eggs in the earth, which the genial warmth of the
+next season brings to life. They are food for many of the feathered
+race.
+
+
+
+
+CRICKET.
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+There are two classes of crickets: viz. the field cricket, and the house
+cricket; the latter inhabits warm places, the holes of the hearth, &c.
+from whence we hear its notes, which are agreeable: it is said, that
+they are purchased by some, and kept in a kind of cage, for the sake of
+their music. Field crickets inhabit the meadows, and subsist on roots,
+&c. as does another species, called the mole cricket.
+
+
+
+
+LOCUST.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+There are different kinds of the locust; those we are acquainted with,
+in this country, are represented in the above cut. In some seasons, they
+are scarcely heard at all; in others, they are more numerous. About the
+middle or latter part of summer, we hear them among the leaves of the
+trees: their notes, which are continued about the space of one minute,
+are loud at the beginning, and grow lower and lower, till they cease;
+when they immediately fly to another tree, begin again, and end in the
+same way, and so on.
+
+In the eastern countries, a kind or kinds of locust, at different
+periods, have been very numerous, and have done abundance of damage. In
+the year 1650, a cloud of locusts entered Russia, in three different
+places; and from thence spread over Poland and Lithuania; the air was
+darkened, and the earth covered, in some places, to the depth of four
+feet; the trees bent with heir weight, and the damage sustained exceeded
+computation. Locusts were among the plagues of Egypt: sec Exodus, x. 15.
+
+
+
+
+FLEA.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+This very troublesome little animal multiplies very fast among old rags,
+dirt, straw, and litter, where hogs, cats, or dogs sleep; and in the
+hair and bristles of those creatures: therefore, as a means of avoiding
+such unwelcome neighbours, in the springs the cleanly farmer scrapes up
+the rubbish about his woodpile, and around his house and barn, and
+removes it into his field, where it also repays him by manuring his
+lands. They abound in warm countries, particularly in the southern parts
+of France and Italy.
+
+When examined by a microscope, the flea is a pleasant object. The body
+is curiously adorned with a suit of polished armour, neatly jointed, and
+beset with a great number of sharp pins almost like the quills of a
+porcupine: it has a small head, large eyes, two horns, or feelers, which
+proceed from the head, and four long legs from the breast; they are very
+hairy and long, and have several joints, which fold as it were one
+within another.
+
+
+
+
+LOUSE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+These loathsome animals, however unwelcome, attend in troops, and add to
+the afflictions of the unfortunate and lazy; but they are routed by the
+hand of industry and cleanliness.
+
+In examining the louse with a microscope, its external deformity strikes
+us with disgust. It has six feet, two eyes, and a sort of sting,
+proboscis, or sucker, with which it pierces the skin, and sucks the
+blood. The skin of the louse is hard and transparent, with here and
+there several bristly hairs: at the end of each leg are two claws, by
+which it is enabled to lay hold of the hairs, on which it climbs. There
+is scarcely any animal known to multiply so fast as this unwelcome
+intruder: from an experiment of Lieuenhoek, a louse in eight weeks, may
+see five thousand of its descendants.
+
+Among the ancients, what is called the lousy disease was not uncommon:
+Antiochus, Herod, and others are said to have died of this disorder.
+
+
+
+
+ITCH ... MITE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CHEGO ... DEATHWATCH.
+
+
+There are many species of mites, beside the itch animal and mite above:
+to the naked eye, they appear like moving particles of dust: but the
+microscope discovers them to be perfect animals, having as regular a
+figure, and performing all the functions of life as perfectly as
+creatures that exceed them many times in bulk: their eggs are so small
+that a regular computation shews that 90 millions of them are not so
+large as a common Pigeon's egg.
+
+The Chego is a very small animal, about one fourth the size of a common
+flea: it is very troublesome, in warm climates, to the poor blacks, such
+as go barefoot, and the slovenly: it penetrates the skin, under which it
+lays a bunch of eggs, which swell to the bigness of a small pea.
+
+The Deathwatch, of which there are two kinds, is an insect famous for a
+ticking noise, like a watch, which superstitious people take for a
+presage of death, in the family where it is heard.
+
+
+
+
+SCORPION.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+This is one of the largest of the insect tribe. It is met with in
+different countries, and of various sizes, from two or three inches to
+nearly a foot in length: it somewhat resembles a lobster, and casts its
+skin, as the lobster does its shell.
+
+Scorpions are common in hot countries: they are very bold and watchful:
+when any thing approaches, they erect their tails, and stand ready to
+inflict the direful sting. In some parts of Italy and France, they are
+among the greatest pests that plague mankind: they are very numerous,
+and are most common in old houses, in dry or decayed walls, and among
+furniture, insomuch that it is attended with, much danger to remove the
+same: their sting is generally a very deadly poison, though not in all
+cases, owing to a difference of malignity of different animals, or some
+other cause.
+
+In the time of the children of Israel, scorpions were a plague in Egypt
+and Canaan, as appears by the sacred writings. See Deuteronomy, viii.
+15, and other passages.
+
+
+
+
+ANTS.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+  'Who can observe the faithful ant,
+  And not provide for future want.'
+
+These little animals have been for ages considered as patterns of
+industry: they were specially noticed by the wise king Solomon. He says,
+"go to the ant, thou sluggard, consider her ways, and be wise." The ant
+lays eggs in the manner of common flies; from these eggs are hatched
+small maggots, or worms without legs; these, after a short time, change
+into large white aureliae, or chrysales, which are usually called ant's
+eggs. When a nest of these creatures is disturbed, however great their
+own danger, the care they take of their offspring is remarkable: each
+takes in its foreceps, a young one, often larger than itself and carries
+it off.
+
+These little insects form to themselves, with much industry and
+application, of earth, sticks, leaves, &c. little hillocks, called
+ant-hills, in the form of a cone: in these, they dwell, breed, and
+deposite their stores: they are commonly built in woody places: the
+brushy plains on Long-Island abound with them: they are from one to two
+feet in height.
+
+
+
+
+HONEY-BEE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+This is an extraordinary, curious, and remarkably industrious little
+insect, to which mankind are indebted for one of the most palatable and
+wholesome sweets which nature affords; and which was one of the choice
+articles with which the promised land was said to abound.
+
+In every hive of bees, there are three kinds; the queen, the drones,
+and the labourers: of these last, there are by far the greatest number:
+and as cold weather approaches, they drive from the hives and destroy
+the drones, that have not laboured in summer, and will not let them eat
+in winter. If bees are examined through a glass hive, all appears at
+first like confusion: but, on a more careful inspection, every animal is
+found regularly employed. It is very delightful, when the maple and
+other trees are in bloom, or the clover in the meadows, to be abroad and
+hear their busy hum.
+
+  "Brisk as the busy bee among learning's flowers.
+  Employ thy youthful sunshine hours."
+
+
+
+
+DRAGON FLY.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+Of these flies, which are called by many Spindles, there are various
+species. They all have two very large eyes, covering the whole surface
+of the head. They fly very swiftly, and prey upon the wing, clearing the
+air of innumerable little flies. The great ones live about water, but
+the smaller are common among hedges, and about gardens.
+
+
+
+
+BUTTERFLY.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+Of butterflies there are many kinds. How wonderful the various changes
+of this class of insects! The butterflies lay their eggs: from these
+hatch out worms or caterpillars, which change their skins several times,
+and, finally, become aureliae, chrysales, or silkworms, out of which
+come the beautiful butterflies.
+
+
+
+
+SPIDER.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+There are many kinds of spiders; some of which are said to grow to such
+a size that they will catch small birds: some are poisonous, but the
+greater part are harmless, although to most people their looks are
+disgusting. The web of a spider, which is a net for catching its prey,
+is an astonishing piece of curiosity.
+
+
+
+
+SILK WORM
+
+[Transcriber's Note: The heading 'SILK WORM' was added in order to
+improve clarity.]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The silk worm is a very valuable insect: it is produced from an egg of a
+yellowish colour, about the size of a small pin's head, that is laid by
+a moth, or butterfly. The above cut represents a male and female, and
+her eggs, of which she lays several hundreds: the moths live but a few
+days; they never eat, and die directly after the eggs are laid.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+This cut shews the appearance of the worm, which at first is very small
+and black. Its food is the leaves of the white mulberry: as it grows in
+size, at four different periods, it apparently sickens, and changes its
+skin, and finally, when full grown, it spins a ball of silk, called a
+cone, or cocoon, the thread of which is about three hundred yards long:
+in the centre of this ball the worm entombs itself, and experiences a
+change to a state called an aurelia, or chrysallis, as seen below the
+ball: from this aurelia, the moth that lays the eggs is hatched, and
+thus goes on the round of this animal's changes, or transmigrations.
+
+They are natives of China, and were brought into Italy, above twelve
+hundred years ago; from thence into Spain; afterwards into France; much
+later into Germany and the northern countries; and some have been reared
+in the United States of America.
+
+
+
+
+SAMUEL WOOD
+
+
+Hereby informs the good little Boys and Girls, both of city and country,
+who love to read better than to play, that if they will please to call
+at his JUVENILE BOOK-STORE, NO. 357, Pearl-street, New-York, it will be
+his pleasure to furnish them with a great variety of pretty little
+books, with neat nuts, calculated to afford to the young mind pleasing
+and useful information. Besides many from Philadelphia, New Haven, and
+elsewhere, he has nearly fifty kinds of his own printing, and proposes
+to enlarge the number.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HISTORY OF INSECTS***
+
+
+******* This file should be named 10834.txt or 10834.zip *******
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