initial commit of ebook 10010HEADmain

1 files changed, 1451 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/old/10010.txt b/old/10010.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5921103
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/10010.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1451 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Eulogies of Howard, by William Hayley
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Eulogies of Howard
+
+Author: William Hayley
+
+Release Date: November 7, 2003 [EBook #10010]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE EULOGIES OF HOWARD ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+THE EULOGIES OF HOWARD.
+
+A VISION.
+
+
+    ----to tell of deeds
+    Above heroic. MILTON.
+
+
+M.DCC.XCI.
+
+
+
+
+THE EULOGIES OF HOWARD
+
+
+It was my chance to be conversing with a Friend of the benevolent and
+indefatigable HOWARD, when our country was first afflicted with the
+public intelligence of his death. After our first expression of surprize
+and sorrow, we naturally fell into serious and affectionate reflections
+on the gentle character and sublime pursuits of the deceased. On these
+articles we had no difference of opinion; but in the course of our
+conversation a point arose, on which our sentiments were directly
+opposite, though we were equally sincere and ardent in our regret and
+veneration for the departed Worthy, to whom it related. I happened to
+speak of the public honours that, I hoped, a grateful, a generous, a
+magnificent Nation would render to his memory. My companion immediately
+exclaimed, "that every ostentatious memorial, to commemorate the virtues
+of his friend, would be inconsistent with the meekness and simplicity of
+the man; that all, who had the happiness of knowing HOWARD, must
+recollect with what genuine modesty he had ever retired from the
+enthusiastic admiration of those, who had hoped to gratify his ambition
+by undeserved applause; that he had really sought no reward but in the
+approbation of his conscience and his GOD; that the British Nation,
+however eminent for genius and munificence, could not devise any
+posthumous honours, or raise any monument, truly worthy of HOWARD,
+except in adopting and accomplishing those benevolent projects which his
+philanthropy and experience had recommended to public attention for the
+benefit of mankind."
+
+I readily admitted the singular and unquestionable modesty of the
+deceased.--I allowed that the noblest tribute of respect, which the
+world could render to so pure a spirit, would be to realize his ideas;
+but I contended, that other honours are still due to his name; that it
+is the duty and the interest of mankind to commemorate his character
+with the fondest veneration. I reminded my companion, that although we
+were sincerely convinced that no human mind, engaged in great designs,
+could be more truly modest than that of HOWARD; yet we had particular
+reason to recollect, that he was not insensible to praise. He had once
+imparted to us his feelings on that subject with a frank and tender
+simplicity, highly graceful in an upright and magnanimous being,
+conscious of no sentiment that he could wish to conceal. Indeed, a
+sincere and ardent passion for virtue could hardly subsist with a
+disdain of true glory, which is nothing more than the proper testimony
+of intelligent and honed admiration to the existence of merit: nor is it
+reasonable to suppose that the fondest expressions of remembrance from a
+world, which he has served and enlightened, can be displeasing to the
+spirit of "a just man made perfect;" since we are taught by Religion,
+that the gratitude of mankind is acceptable even to GOD. I endeavoured
+to convince my companion, that, as the Publick had seen in HOWARD a
+person who reflected more genuine honour on our country than any of her
+Philosophers, her Poets, her Orators, her Heroes, or Divines, it is
+incumbent on the Nation to consult her own glory by commemorating, in
+the fullest manner, his beneficent exertions, and by establishing the
+dignity of his unrivaled virtue.
+
+My arguments, and my zeal, made some impression on the mind of my
+antagonist; and sunk so deeply into my own, that on my retiring to rest
+they gave rise to the following vision.
+
+I was suddenly transported to the confines of a region, which astonished
+me by its loveliness and extent; it was called, The Paradise of true
+Glory. As I approached the entrance, my eyes were delightfully
+fascinated by two beings of human form, who presided over the portal.
+Their names were Genius and Sensibility:--it was their office to gratify
+with a view of this Paradise every mortal that revered them sincerely;
+and to reject only such intruders as presumed to treat either the one or
+the other with the insolence of disdain, or the coldness of contempt: an
+incident that I should have thought impossible, from the transcendent
+beauty which is visible in each; but, to my surprize, they informed me
+it very frequently happened.
+
+As I readily paid them the unsuspected homage of my soul, I was
+graciously permitted to pass the gate.--Immediately as I entered, I was
+saluted with a seraphic smile, by two benignant and inseparable Spirits:
+these were Gratitude and Admiration, the joint rulers of the
+dominion--"You are welcome," said the first, in a tone of angelic
+tenderness--"You are welcome to a scene utterly new to your senses, and
+in harmony with your heart: you delight in the praises of the deserving:
+and you are now wafted to a spot, where those who have merited highly of
+mankind are praised in proportion to their desert, and where the praise
+of exalted merit is fondly listened to by an extensive human audience,
+here purified by our supernatural agency from all the low and little
+jealousies of the earth."
+
+I had hardly answered this pleasing information by a grateful obeisance
+to my radiant informer, when I perceived, in a gorgeous prospect that
+now opened before us, three structures of stupendous size and superior
+magnificence. The first was situated in a grove of olives, and appeared
+to me like an ancient temple of Attica, remarkable for massive strength,
+and a sober dignity--the second was less solid, but richer in
+decoration; and seemed to be almost surrounded by every tree and plant
+on which Nature has bestowed any salutary virtue: the third was shaded
+only by palms; the form of it was so wonderfully grand and aweful, that
+it struck me as a sanctuary for every pure and devout spirit from all
+the nations of the globe.
+
+"These structures, that you survey with astonishment," said one of my
+benevolent conductors, "are devoted to what you mortals denominate the
+three liberal professions, Law, Medicine, and Theology. Whoever has a
+claim to distinguished honour from any one of the three, has a just
+encomium pronounced upon his services by the temporary President of that
+particular fabrick, in which he is entitled to such grateful
+remembrance." "Alas!" I replied, with a murmur that I could not
+suppress, "the Man whose well-deserved praises I most anxiously expected
+to hear in this region, belonged not to any one of these eminent classes
+in human life--he had no profession but that of Humanity."
+
+"Be patient," said the sweetest of my aetherial guides, with a rebuke
+that was softened by a smile of indulgence! "Let not your zeal for the
+honour of an individual, however meritorious, make you unjust, or
+insensible, to the merit of others! Assume the temper of this region,
+where praise is distributed by equity and affection, but where prejudice
+and partiality are not allowed to intrude!--Let us advance," continued
+my monitor, with an encouraging movement of her hand; "it is time that I
+should lead you to the nearest assembly."
+
+I obeyed with reverential silence; and as I passed the vestibule of the
+majestic edifice, my heart panted with an aweful expectation of
+beholding the shades of Solon, Lycurgus, and other departed Legislators,
+from the various nations of the world. I was chearfully surprized by a
+very different spectacle.
+
+The capacious structure was filled with a concourse of living mortals,
+lively, yet respectable in their appearance, evidently belonging to
+many countries; but all, as I perceived by their habits, connected with
+the Law. Throughout all the multitude I heard no sound of dissention or
+debate: but over all there reigned an air of intelligence and sympathy,
+while all were hushed in silent expectance, and eager attention, with
+their eyes directed to an elevated tribunal:--On this a personage was
+sitting, whose majestic figure I immediately recollected. His
+countenance is marked with that austerity and grandeur, which are the
+external characteristicks of Law herself. His heart, as those who know
+it ultimately declare, expresses the tender and beneficent influence of
+that Power, who is the acknowledged parent of security and comfort. With
+a voice that pervaded the most distant recesses of the extensive dome,
+and in tones that sunk deep into the bosom of every auditor, he
+pronounced the following oration:
+
+"After passing many years of life in the painful investigation of human
+offences, it is with peculiar satisfaction that I find myself
+commissioned to commemorate, in this Assembly, a character of virtue
+without example--a character, at once so meek and so sublime, that, if a
+feeling spirit had been poisoned with misanthropy from too close a
+contemplation of mortal crimes, this character alone might serve as an
+antidote to the word of mental distempers, and awaken the most callous
+and sarcastic mind to confess the dignity of our Nature, and the
+beneficence of our God. In stating to you the merits of HOWARD, I might
+expatiate with delight on the various qualities of this incomparable
+man; I might trace his progress through the different periods of a life
+always singular and always instructive. I could not be checked by any
+fear of overstepping the modesty of Truth in the celebration of Virtue,
+so solid and so extensive, that the malevolence of Envy could not
+diminish its weight, the fondness of Enthusiasm could not amplify its
+effects. But I must not forget that there are professional limits to my
+discourse. It is incumbent on me to confine myself to a single object,
+and to dwell only on those public services, that peculiarly endear the
+name of Howard to the liberal and enlightened community in which I have
+the honour to preside.
+
+"It was in the capacity of a Minister to Justice, that the pure spirit,
+whom it is my glory to praise, first conceived the idea of those
+unrivaled labours that have rendered his memory a treasure to mankind.
+In discharging a temporary office, that exposed to him the condition of
+criminals, he was led to meditate on the evils which had grievously
+contaminated the operations of Justice. He perceived that Law herself,
+like one of her most illustrious Delegates (I mean the immortal Bacon),
+was grossly injured by the secret and sordid enormities of her menial
+servants: that Captivity and Coercion, those necessary supporters of her
+power, instead of producing good, often gave birth to mischiefs more
+flagrant, and more fatal, than those which they were employed to
+correct. He found, even in the prisons of his own humane and enlightened
+country, an accumulation of the most hideous abuses: he found them not
+nurseries of penitence and amendment, but schools of vice and impiety;
+or dens of filth, famine, and disease: not the seats of just and
+salutary correction and punishment, but the strong holds of cruelty and
+extortion. The irons of the prisoner, which he only beheld, entered into
+his soul, and awakened unextinguishable energy in a spirit, of which
+companion and fortitude were the divine characteristicks. In the noble
+emotions of pity for the oppressed, and of zeal for the honour and
+interest of civilized society, he conceived perhaps the sublimest design
+that ever occupied and exalted the mind of man, the design to search and
+to purify the polluted stream of Penal Justice, not only throughout his
+own country, but through the various nations of the world. How low, how
+little, are the grandest enterprizes of Heroic Ambition, when compared
+with this magnanimous pursuit! How frivolous and vain are the highest
+aims of Fancy and Science, when contrasted with a purpose so
+beneficently great! But, marvellous as the magnitude of HOWARD'S
+enterprise appears, on the slightest view that magnitude becomes doubly
+striking, when we contemplate at the same time the many circumstances
+that might either allure or deter him from the prosecution of his idea.
+Consider him as a private gentleman, possessed of ease and independence,
+accustomed to employ and amuse his mind in retired study and
+philosophical speculation; arrived at that period of life, when the
+springs of activity and enterprize in the human frame have begun to
+lose their force! consider that his health, even in youth, had appeared
+unequal to common fatigue! his stature low! his deportment humble! his
+voice almost effeminate! Such was the wonderful being, who relinquished
+the retirement, the tranquillity, the comforts, that he loved and
+enjoyed, to embark in labours at which the most hardy might tremble; to
+plunge in perils from which the most resolute might recede without a
+diminution of honour. Under all these apparent disadvantages,
+unsummoned, unauthorized by any Prince, unexcited by any popular
+invitation, he resolved to investigate all the abuses of imprisonment;
+to visit the abodes of wretchedness and infection; and to prove himself
+the friend of the friendless, in every country that the limits of his
+advanced life would allow him to examine. Against such an enterprize,
+projected by such an individual, what forcible arguments might be urged,
+not only by every selfish passion, but even by that prudence, and that
+reason, which are allowed to regulate an elevated mind! How plausibly
+did Friendship exclaim to Howard, 'Your projects are unquestionably
+noble; but they are above the execution of any individual: you are
+unarmed with authority; you have the wish to do great good, but the
+power of doing little! Consider the probable issue of the
+undertaking!--You will see a few hapless wretches, and tell their
+condition to the inattentive world; perhaps perish yourself from
+contagion, before you have time to tell it; and leave your afflicted
+friends to lament your untimely fate, and the ungrateful Publick to
+deride your temerity!' What force of intellect, what dignity of soul
+were required to prevent a mortal from yielding to remonstrances so
+engaging! The divine energy of Genius and of Virtue enabled HOWARD to
+foresee, that the sanctity of his pursuit would supply him with strength
+and powers far superior to all human authority:--His piercing mind
+comprehended that there are enormities of such a nature, that to survey
+and to reveal them is to effect their correction.--He felt that his
+sincere compassion for the oppressed, and his ardent desire to promote
+perfect justice, would serve him as a perpetual antidote against the
+poison of fear.--He felt that in the darkness of dungeons he should want
+no associates, no guards to defend him against the outrages of detected
+extortion, or suspicious brutality.--He felt, that as his purpose was
+heavenly, the powers of Heaven would be displayed in his support; that
+iniquity and oppression would not dare to lift a hand against him,
+though they knew it was the business of his life to annihilate their
+sway in their most secret dominion. How admirably did the progress of
+his travels evince and justify the pure and enlightened confidence of
+his spirit! All dangers, all difficulties, vanish before his gentleness,
+his regularity, his perseverance. Insolence and ferocity seem to turn,
+at his approach, into docility and respect. Every hardship he endures,
+every step he advances, in his wide and laborious career of Beneficence,
+instead of impairing his strength, invigorates his frame; instead of
+diminishing his influence, increases the utility of his conduct, by
+making the world acquainted with the sanctity of his character. Witness,
+ye various regions of the earth! with what surprize, delight, and
+veneration, ye beheld an unarmed, and unassuming traveller instructing
+you in the sublime science of mitigating human misery, and giving you a
+matchless example of tenderness and magnanimity! O, England! thou
+generous country! ever enamoured of glory, contemplate in this, the most
+perfect of thy illustrious sons; contemplate those virtues, and that
+honour, in which thy parental spirit may most happily exult!--What
+spectacle can be more flattering to thy native, thy honest pride, than
+to behold the proudest potentates of distant nations listening with
+pleasure to a private Englishman; and learning, from his researches, how
+to relieve the most injured of their subjects! how to abolish the
+enormities of perverted Justice! To form a complete account of the good
+arising to the world from the life and labours of Howard, would be a
+task beyond the limits of any human mind: an exact statement of the
+benefits he has conferred upon society, could be rendered only by the
+attendant Spirit whom Providence commissioned to watch over him, and who
+might discern, by the powers of supernatural vision, what pregnant
+sources of public calamity he crushed in the seed, and what future
+virtues, in various individuals, he may draw into the service of mankind
+by the attraction of his example.
+
+"Of good, more immediately visible, which his exertions produced, there
+is abundant evidence in his own country. In the wide circle of his
+foreign excursion, what nation, what city, does not bear some
+conspicuous traces of his intrepid and indefatigable beneficence! Of the
+astonishing length to which his zeal and perseverance extended, we have
+the most ingenuous and satisfactory narration in those singularly
+meritorious volumes which he has given to the world. In these we behold
+the minute detail of labours to which there is nothing similar, or
+second, in the history of public virtue; and for which there could be no
+adequate reward but in the beatitude of Heaven. An eloquent Enthusiast,
+whose genius was nearly allied to frenzy, has expressed a desire to
+present himself before the tribunal of the Almighty Judge, with a
+volume in his hand, in which he had recorded his own thoughts and
+actions: if such an idea could be suitable to the littleness of man, if
+it could become any mortal of faculties so limited to make such an
+offering to the great Fountain of all intelligence, that mortal must
+assuredly be Howard: for where could we find another individual, not
+professedly inspired, who might present to his Maker a record of labours
+so eminently directed by Piety and Virtue! a book, addressed to mankind,
+without insulting their weakness, or flattering their passions! a book,
+whose great object was to benefit the world, without seeking from it any
+kind of reward! a book, in which the genuine modesty of the Writer is
+equal to his unexampled beneficence! The mind of Howard was singularly
+and sublimely free from the common and dangerous passion for applause:
+that passion which, though taken altogether, it is certainly beneficial
+to the interests of mankind, yet frequently communicates inquietude and
+unsteadiness to the pursuits of Genius and Virtue. As human praise was
+never the object of his ambition, so he has nobly soared above it. There
+appear, in different ages upon the Earth, certain elevated spirits, who,
+by the sublimity of their conceptions, and the magnanimity of their
+conduct, attain a degree of glory which can never be reached by the
+keenest followers of Fame--They seek not panegyricks; and panegyricks
+can add nothing to their honour. The Eulogies have perished which were
+devoted by the luxuriant genius of Tully, and by the laconic spirit of
+Brutus, to the public virtue of Cato; yet the name of that illustrious
+Roman is still powerful in the world, and excites in every cultivated
+mind, an animating idea of independent integrity. The name of Howard has
+superior force, and a happier effect. It is a sound, at which the
+strings of humanity will vibrate with exultation in many millions of
+hearts. Through the various nations that he visited, the mere echo of
+his name will be sufficient to awaken that noblest sensibility, which at
+once softens and elevates the soul. Every warm hearted and worthy
+individual who mentions Howard will glow with an honest, a generous
+satisfaction, in feeling himself the fellow-creature of such a man.
+Wherever the elegant arts are established, they will contend in raising
+memorials to his honour. Indeed, the globe itself may be considered as
+his Mausoleum; and the inhabitants of every prison it contains, as
+groups of living statues that commemorate his virtue. There is no class
+of mankind by whom his memory ought not to be cherished, because all are
+interested in those evils (so pernicious to society! so dangerous to
+life!) which he was ever labouring to lessen or exterminate. It might be
+wished, that different communities should separately devise some
+different tribute of respect to him whose character and conduct is so
+interesting to all: not for the sake of multiplying vain and useless
+offerings to the dead, but to impress with more energy and extent his
+ennobling remembrance on the heart and soul of the living. It is hardly
+possible to present too frequently to the human mind the image of a man
+who lived only to do good. I mean not merely such a resemblance of his
+form as Art may execute with materials almost as perishable as the image
+of human clay, but such an impression of his soul as may have a more
+lasting influence on the life and conduct of his admirers, such as,
+diffusing among them a portion of his spirit, may in some measure
+perpetuate his existence.
+
+"By this community, I am confident, such public honours will be paid to
+HOWARD, as may be most suitable to the peculiar interest which it
+becomes us to take in his glory. What these honours shall be is a point
+to be settled by this liberal and enlightened Assembly, which assuredly
+will not fail to remember that he suggested to Legal Authority her
+omissions and defects with the modest and endearing tenderness of a
+Friend; that he laboured in the service of Justice with that
+intelligence, fortitude, and zeal, which her votaries cannot too warmly
+admire, or too gratefully acknowledge."
+
+The President arose as he thus ended his speech; and the members of the
+Assembly seemed beginning to confer among themselves; but what debates
+ensued, or what measure was adopted, I am unable to tell, as my
+visionary Guides immediately hurried me to the adjoining Temple.
+
+This second structure, though less extensive and less solid than the
+first, was more attractive to the eye, as it abounded with scientifical
+and diversified decorations. The Assembly consisted of men, who appeared
+to me equally remarkable for keenness of intellect and elegance of
+manners. The seat of pre eminence among them was filled by a person who
+possessed in a very uncommon degree these two valuable qualities, so
+happily conducive to medical utility and medical distinction. Though
+left a young orphan, without patrimony, and obliged to struggle with
+early disadvantages, he raised himself by meritorious exertion to the
+head of a profession in which opulence is generally the just attendant
+on knowledge and reputation. But neither opulence, nor his long
+intercourse with sickness and death, have hardened the native tenderness
+of his heart; and I had lately known him shed tears of regret on the
+untimely fate of an amiable patient, whom his consummate skill and
+attention were unable to save.
+
+Thus strongly prepossessed in his favour, I was delighted to observe
+that he was preparing to address the Assembly in the moment we entered.
+My celestial Guides smiled on each other in perceiving my satisfaction;
+and being placed by them instantaneously in a commodious situation, I
+heard the following discourse; which the character I have described
+delivered with an ease and refined acuteness peculiar to himself, never
+raising his voice above the pitch of polite and spirited conversation:
+
+"I am persuaded, that every individual to whom I have now the happiness
+of speaking, will readily agree with me in this sentiment, that we
+cannot possibly do ourselves more honour as a Fraternity than by
+considering HOWARD as an Associate: assuredly, there is no class of men
+who may more justly presume to cherish his name and character with a
+fraternal affection. In proportion as we are accustomed to contemplate,
+to pity, and to counteract, the sufferings of Nature, the more are we
+enabled and inclined to estimate, to love, and to revere, a being so
+compassionate and beneficent. If Physicians are, what I once heard them
+called by a lively friend, the Soldiers of Humanity, engaged in a
+perpetual, and too often, alas! unsuccessful conflict against the
+enemies of life; HOWARD is not only entitled to high rank in our corps,
+but he is the very Caesar of this hard, this perilous, and, let me add,
+this most honourable warfare. Perhaps the ambition of the great Roman
+Commander, insatiate and sanguinary as it was, did not contribute more
+to the torment and destruction of the human race, than the charity of
+the English Philanthropist has contributed to its relief and
+preservation. Of this we are very certain, the splendid and
+indefatigable Hero of Slaughter and Vain-glory did not traverse a more
+extensive field, nor expose himself more courageously to personal
+danger, than our meek and unostentatious Hero of Medical Benevolence. In
+point of true magnanimity, I apprehend the spirit of Caesar would very
+willingly confess, that his own celebrated attempts to reduce Gaul and
+Britain were low and little achievements, when compared to the
+unexampled efforts by which Howard endeavoured to exterminate or subdue
+(those enemies more terrific) the Gaol Fever, and the Plague.
+
+"But leaving it to more able and eloquent panegyrists to celebrate the
+originality, the boldness, and all the various merit of his
+philanthropic exertions, I shall confine myself to a few remarks, and
+chiefly professional ones, on his invaluable character. It appears to me
+highly worthy of observation, that Howard, before he entered on his
+grand projects of Public Benevolence, was subject to those little, but
+depressive variations of health which have betrayed many a
+valetudinarian into habits of inaction and inutility. Happily for
+himself, and for mankind, this excellent person surmounted a
+constitutional bias to indolence and retirement. The consequence
+sequence was, he became a singular example of activity and vigour. His
+powers, and enjoyments of bodily and mental health, augmented in
+proportion to the extensive utility of his pursuits.
+
+"Beneficial as his life has been to the world, his memory may be still
+more so. It may prove a perpetual blessing to mankind, if it dissipates,
+as it ought to do, a weak and common prejudice, which often operates as
+a palsy upon the first idea of a great and generous undertaking. The
+prejudice I mean is a hasty persuasion, frequently found in the most
+amiable minds, that some peculiar strength of nerve, some rare mechanism
+of frame, and extraordinary assemblage of mental powers, are absolutely
+requisite for the execution of any noble design. How greatly does it
+redound to the true glory of Howard to have given in his successful
+labours the fullest refutation of a prejudice, so inimical to the
+interest and the honour of human-nature! a prejudice, by whose
+influence, to use the words of our great Poet,
+
+    "--The native hue of Resolution
+    Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of Fear,
+    And enterprizes of great pith and moment,
+    With this regard, their currents turn awry
+    And lose the name of action."
+
+"The life and character of Howard, if they are justly considered, may
+not only annihilate this pernicious prejudice, but tend to establish an
+opposite and consolatory truth. His example may shew us, that some
+degrees of bodily weakness and mental depression may be most happily
+cured by active exertion in the service of mankind. Perhaps there never
+existed a more striking proof how far a noble impulse, communicated to
+the mind by a project of extensive Benevolence, may invigorate a frame
+not equal in health, strength, and stature, to the common standard of
+men. It is a prudential maxim of the celebrated Raleigh, that 'Whosoever
+will live altogether out of himself, and study other men's humours,
+shall never be unfortunate;' a maxim, which the example of Howard might
+almost teach us to convert into a medical aphorism by saying, 'Whosoever
+will live altogether out of himself, and consult other men's wants, and
+calamities, shall never be unhealthy.' It is delightful to those, who
+detest the debasing tenets of a selfish philosophy, to see the happy
+influence of opposite ideas; to observe (what Physicians have frequent
+opportunities of observing), that as a selfish turn of mind often
+attracts and encreases the malignity of sickness, so an unselfish, a
+compassionate spirit has a natural tendency to escape or subdue it. What
+can be more pleasing to those, who assert and esteem the dignity of
+human-nature, than to see, that the having lost all thoughts of self,
+and having acted in direct opposition to selfish principles, has
+promoted even the personal advantage of a generous individual? From such
+a series of philanthropic labour and peril, as a selfish and timid mind
+might esteem it frenzy to encounter, Howard derived not only his
+unrivalled and immortal reputation, but the perfect restoration of
+enfeebled health; not to mention those high gratifications of the heart
+and conscience, which are superior to all the enjoyments both of health
+and glory. With such temperance in diet, that his daily food would
+appear to most people not sufficient to support the common functions of
+life, he chearfully sustained the hardships of long travel, through
+regions where travelling is most difficult and dangerous. With a figure,
+voice, and deportment, that seemed to preclude him from all personal
+influence and authority; and with no mental acquisitions, except those
+which are common to every cultivated mind, he secured to himself not
+only universal admiration, but, I may venture to say, the just and moral
+idolatry of the world. So invigorating are projects of extensive
+Beneficence! so powerful is the energy of Public Virtue!
+
+"Never, indeed, was the astonishing influence of plain and simple
+goodness more strikingly displayed, than in the deference and respect
+which this private and meek individual received, not only from foreign
+and imperious Rulers of the Earth, but from hardened and atrocious
+wretches, on whom Justice herself could hardly make any mental
+impression, though armed with all the splendour, and all the violence of
+power. Two particular examples of the influence I am speaking of, I
+shall mention here, not only as honourable to the prime object of our
+regard, but as they may suggest to contemplative minds some useful
+ideas, by shewing how far the mere weight of an upright and benevolent
+character alone may give to the most callous nerves a trembling
+sensibility, and awaken the most ferocious spirit to self-correction.
+
+"When our indefatigable Visitor of prisons was in Russia, he beheld, in
+public, the punishment of the knoot severely administered by a strong
+and stern executioner.
+
+"On the following day he waited on this man, to request from him various
+information. The executioner attended him obsequiously; but this
+athletic savage, though trained to acts of cruelty, and conscious he had
+a legal sanction for the barbarous violence he had exerted, could not
+behold without shuddering the meek and gentle Missionary of Compassion.
+
+"The second and more memorable example of his singular influence
+occurred in a prison of his own country, and relates to an outrageous
+female delinquent. A corrupt and ferocious woman is, perhaps, the most
+intractable fiend that human benevolence can attempt to reform; but even
+this difficulty the mild and powerful character of HOWARD
+accomplished.
+
+"In one of our Western gaols, he found an unhappy female loaded with
+heavy irons: on his appearance she entreated him to obtain for her the
+removal of these galling fetters. Upon enquiry, he found that many
+endeavours had been made to keep this turbulent offender in proper
+subjection without the severity of chains; but, after repeated promises
+of amendment on milder treatment, she had obliged the keeper to have
+recourse to this extreme by relapsing into the most flagrant and
+insufferable contempt of decency and order. Upon this information,
+HOWARD said mildly to the unhappy criminal, 'I wish to relieve you, but
+you put it out of my power; for I should lose all the little credit I
+have, if I exerted it for offenders so hardened and so turbulent.' 'I
+know,' replied the intractable delinquent, 'I know that I have a proud
+and rebellious spirit; but if I give a promise to so good a man as you
+are, I can and I will command it.' On this firm assurance of
+reformation, the benevolent HOWARD became a kind of surety for her
+future peaceable conduct on the removal of her irons; and he had the
+inexpressible delight to find, on his next visit to the prisoners of
+this gaol, that the outrageous and ungovernable culprit, for whom he had
+ventured to answer, was become the most orderly among them.
+
+"I could wish, for the moral interest of mankind, that it were possible
+to obtain a minute account of the services rendered to the calamitous
+spirit of many a forsaken individual by the singular charity of HOWARD.
+What could be more instructive than to observe how his Beneficence
+encreased by its exertion and success; while his desire of befriending
+the wretched became, as it were, the vital spirit that gave strength and
+duration to his own existence!
+
+"If we contemplate with pleasure the singular re-establishment of bodily
+health, which HOWARD derived from his active philanthropy; it may be
+still more pleasing to recollect, that it also afforded him an
+efficacious medicine for an afflicted mind. Perhaps it was to shew the
+full efficacy of this virtue in all its lustre, that Heaven allotted to
+this excellent personage a domestic calamity, which appears (to borrow
+an expression from a great writer) 'of an unconscionable size to human
+strength.'
+
+"That capricious and detestable spirit of Detraction, which on Earth
+never fails to persecute superior Virtue, has not scrupled to assert
+that the affliction, to which I allude, was the mere consequence of
+paternal austerity. The Earth itself, though frequently accused of being
+eager to receive ideas that may abase the eminent, could hardly admit a
+calumny so groundless and irrational. In this purer spot it is utterly
+needless to prove the innocence of an exalted being, to whom we are only
+solicitous to pay that sincere tribute of praise and veneration which we
+are conscious he deserves. In truth, this admirable Character seemed to
+illustrate the philosophical maxim, that mildness is the proper
+companion of true magnanimity. He had a gentleness of manners, that was
+peculiar to himself; and, instead of possessing such imperious severity
+of spirit as might produce the calamity I allude to, he was really
+endued with such native tenderness of heart as must have sunk under it,
+had he not found in the unexampled services that he rendered to the
+world, an antidote to the poison of domestic infelicity. It is among the
+most gracious ordinances of Providence, that man is sure to find the
+most powerful relief for his own particular afflictions, in his
+endeavours to alleviate the sufferings of others. And permit me to add,
+it is this beneficent law of our nature, that gives a peculiar charm
+and dignity to the Medical Profession; a profession singularly endeared
+to the affectionate HOWARD! not only as its compassionate and active
+spirit was the guide of his pursuits, but as one of its prime ornaments
+was his favourite associate and his bosom-friend. If different classes
+of men are to vie with each other, as it may certainly become them to
+do, in rendering various honours to this their matchless Benefactor; I
+hope we shall display, with the most affectionate spirit, the deep
+interest that we ought to take in his glory. I think it very desirable
+that every Physician should possess a Medal of HOWARD, not only to shew
+his veneration for the great Philanthropist, but to derive personal
+advantage from such a mental Amulet, if I may hazard the expression.
+Most of us, in the exercise of Medicine, feel at particular moments that
+our spirits are too sensibly affected by the objects we survey; that
+scenes of misery and infection depress and alarm: at such a time how
+might it rekindle the energy of our minds to contemplate a little effigy
+of HOWARD! to recollect, that all the trouble and danger that we
+encounter, in the practice of a lucrative profession, are trifling in
+the extreme, when compared to the labour and the peril, which this
+wonderful man most willingly took upon himself, without looking forward
+to any reward but the approbation of Heaven!
+
+"I mention not a Medal as a new idea--it has been already in
+contemplation; and a motto for it suggested, which applies with such
+singular force and propriety to the person whom it is designed to
+commemorate, that perhaps the wide range of classical literature could
+not afford another passage so strikingly apposite to a character so
+extraordinary--
+
+    "Stupuere patres tentamina tanta,
+    Conatusque tuos: pro te Reus ipse timebat."--
+
+"I must confess, however, that I wish for another, which may seem to
+bind him more closely to us in a medical point of view. But it is time
+to leave the different members of our Fraternity at full liberty to
+propose any marks of distinction that they wish to suggest.--It is
+sufficient for me to have reminded you of a truth, which I am confident
+we all equally feel, that, while we justly consider ourselves as
+students in the extensive school of Humanity, it becomes us to look up
+to HOWARD, with a laudable veneration, as the Prince and Patron of our
+Order."
+
+On the conclusion of this discourse, my Guides immediately conducted me,
+with their former celerity and kindness, to the only remaining
+Structure. It was the most extensive, and, from the hallowed majesty of
+its appearance, the most admirable of the three. In approaching it, I
+paused a moment in aweful surprise at the solemnity of the fabrick: the
+most lovely and communicative of my two aetherial conductors smiled upon
+me, and said, "You will find here Ministers of GOD from every Christian
+country; but only those who consider Evangelical Charity as the essence
+of true Religion, and who are disposed to honour, in the favourite
+object of your veneration, the most signal example of that virtue, which
+the present age has beheld." "I hope then," I eagerly replied, "I shall
+have the delight of hearing, on this occasion, the most eloquent of our
+English Bishops." On this exclamation, my kind informer regarded me with
+that lively and soothing air with which intelligent Benevolence corrects
+mistaken simplicity, and thus continued to instruct me with united
+vivacity and tenderness.
+
+"Earthly distinctions, you know, are of little moment in the sight of
+Heaven. You will hear no Prelate; and perhaps you may feel surprised and
+indignant, when you observe how very few of your Mitred Countrymen are
+to be seen in this Assembly; but you will not retain in this hallowed
+spot that most common of human infirmities, a tendency to censure or to
+suspicion. You will recollect that this Convocation contains only those
+charitable men, who are peculiarly disposed to honour your recent model
+of this Christian virtue. Other good men may exist, who, from motives of
+innocent mistake, or of mere inadvertency, may fail to exhibit that
+animated regard to his exemplary character, which assuredly it has
+merited from all men, and which the Ministers of Religion may most
+properly display.
+
+"One of these," continued my Director, "you are now going to hear; not,
+indeed, a Dignitary of your Church, yet a Divine of Talents, Learning,
+and Charity. He was led, by a laudable warmth of heart, to suggest to
+your Country the first idea of paying a public tribute of veneration to
+the signal virtue of Howard; and has acquired from this circumstance a
+title to commemorate here the merit, to which he was eager to render
+such early justice on earth. But it is time for us to attend him."
+
+We immediately entered the temple; and I beheld an Ecclesiastic rising
+at that moment to address a very numerous Assembly of his order, that
+seemed to contain Christians of every sect, and Ministers of every
+degree. The person preparing to speak was distinguished by a majestic
+comeliness of person, though he appeared to have passed the middle age
+of life; and with a powerful elocution he delivered the following
+discourse.
+
+"The Righteous are bold as a Lion."
+
+Proverbs, chap, xxviii, ver. i.
+
+"In these few words, my brethren, we have a passage of Scripture, that
+served as a favourite maxim, or leading truth, to the admirable
+personage whose glorious qualities it is now both my duty and my delight
+to recall to your remembrance. The words, indeed, are so consonant to
+that exalted spirit which his life displayed, that they almost appear to
+me an epitome of his character. Let us consider Courage as one of his
+principal endowments! To contemplate so pure and resolute a being in
+this point of view, may lead us to form just ideas on the true nature of
+this primary virtue, on the sacred source from whence it should proceed,
+and the sublime end to which it should aspire. How large a portion of
+folly, vice, and wickedness, have arisen from mere mistakes concerning
+this most important of human qualities! so important, that the real
+dignity of man can only rise in proportion as this virtue is perfectly
+understood, and properly cherished! In the same proportion, let me add,
+our courageous Philanthropist will be found entitled to the praise of
+every upright mind, to the homage of every feeling heart.
+
+"If we take the word Courage" in the most common and simple sense of
+that term, as a generous and noble contempt of personal hardship and
+danger; who has given more numerous or more striking examples of such
+brave contempt! Or if we follow the definition of Courage given us by a
+profound, an eloquent, and philanthropic Writer, namely, that it is a
+just estimate of our own powers; who is there among the most signal
+Benefactors of mankind, not professedly inspired, that ever formed an
+estimate of what he might achieve in the most glorious field of
+enterprize, at once so difficult, and so true, so humble, and so grand.
+
+"With every apparent disadvantage, Howard conceived it possible that his
+endeavours might correct the abuses, and mitigate the sufferings of men,
+in various nations of the world. Whence happened it, that a mortal, so
+visibly weak and gentle, shrunk not from an idea so pregnant with
+difficulty and peril! It was because, 'The Righteous are bold as a
+Lion.' It was because he felt the strongest internal conviction of this
+animating truth, that, while Heaven blesses a man with health sufficient
+to pursue a benevolent and magnanimous design, the vigour of his mind,
+and most probably his powers of doing good, will be proportioned to the
+firmness of his faith, and the sincerity of his virtue.
+
+"Many achievements of beneficent Courage have undoubtedly been
+accomplished by men influenced by no motive but that generous love of
+glory which is so frequently the predominant passion of an active and
+ardent mind: but the virtues that arise from this source are as
+unsteady, and as precarious, as the reward they pursue. He who acts
+only as a candidate for the applause of mankind, will find his spirit
+vary with all the variations in the ever-changing atmosphere of popular
+opinion. He will be subject to hot and cold fits of action and
+inactivity, of confidence and distrust, in proportion as the illusive
+vapour, that he follows, may either sparkle or fade before him. Hence
+proceeded much of that inconsistency and weakness, which appear in some
+of the most enlightened, and exalted characters of the Pagan
+world.--Wanting a purer light from Heaven, the most radiant spirits of
+antiquity were bewildered; one in particular, the mildest and most
+undaunted of antient Worthies, who had a sufficient portion of heroic
+philanthropy to prefer the benefit of mankind to every selfish
+consideration, had yet his hours of diffidence and despondency. On a
+final review of his own generous labours, he is supposed to have
+questioned the very existence of Virtue, though he had made it the idol
+of his life; a striking proof, that the temperate and invariable energy
+of soul, which alone perhaps deserves the name of true Courage, can only
+proceed from a fuller knowledge and love of GOD; from the animating
+assurance, that, however we may prosper or fail in the earthly success
+of our endeavours to do good, the merit of the attempt is registered in
+Heaven; and we secure to ourselves the everlasting approbation of our
+Almighty Parent, in proportion as we approach towards that blessed model
+of Perfect Benevolence, who has taught us, by his divine example, to
+compassionate and to relieve the sufferings of the wretched. From this
+source flowed the courageous beneficence of HOWARD: and how delightful
+it is to observe that the force, the extent, the utility, and the lustre
+of the stream, has gloriously corresponded to the height and purity of
+the fountain!
+
+"The Sensualist and the Sceptic may, indeed, deride the conduct of a
+man, who sacrificed all the common pleasures of life, and sought for no
+recompence but in the favour of Heaven. It may be said that an illusive
+fervor of mind has hurried men, in all periods of the world, into
+singular and wild exertions, which excite the wonder of the passing
+hour, and are afterwards either deservedly forgotten, or only recalled
+to notice by Reason and Philosophy, to caution the restless and
+impetuous spirit of man against all similar excesses.
+
+"But the pursuits of Howard, though they had all that sublime energy
+which so often distinguished the projects of Superstition, were so far
+from being influenced by any superstitious propensity, that perhaps they
+cannot appear to more advantage than by being brought into comparison,
+or contrast, not with the sluggish piety of sequestered Monks, but with
+the bold and splendid feats of the most active and enterprising
+Fanaticism. Allow me, therefore, to recall to your thoughts those
+distant ages, when every ardent spirit in Christendom was inflamed with
+a passionate desire to deliver the Christian pilgrims of Palestine from
+the oppression of Infidels! Figure to yourselves the whole force of
+Europe collecting its violence, like a troubled sea, and preparing to
+pour a terrific and destructive inundation over the Holy Land! Behold
+the strong and the weak, the ambitious and the humble, pursuing the same
+object! Behold assembled Kings and their People, Soldiers and Priests,
+the servants of Earth and Heaven rushing, with equal ardour, to rescue
+the Sepulchre of Christ, and to drown all the innumerable enemies of
+their Faith in an universal deluge of blood! In this scene we have the
+sublimest spectacle, perhaps, that was ever exhibited by mistaken piety
+and misguided valour. The love of God, by which this heroic multitude
+was professedly impelled, was probably in many minds as sincere as it
+was ardent. The religious spirit of their enterprize can still animate
+and transport us in the song of the Poet: and in the more rational page
+of History, while we justly lament the errors of their devotion, we
+admire the force and perseverance of their courage.
+
+"To the sublime fortitude of these collected warriors, let us compare
+the mild magnanimity of HOWARD. Let us survey him setting forth for an
+expedition as perilous as theirs; not as the Soldier of Fanaticism, but
+as the Pilgrim of Humanity! Attachment to GOD, and resolution which no
+hardship, no danger, no difficulty can daunt, are equally conspicuous in
+the sanguinary Fanatic and the compassionate Philanthropist: but how
+widely different are the prime earthly objects of their pursuits! The
+fierce Crusaders invaded Asia with a desire to exterminate the Infidels.
+The benevolent HOWARD was led into the same quarter of the globe, and
+into perils more deadly than those of war, by a wish to exterminate, or
+rather to restrain, the ravages of that terrific enemy to human life,
+the Plague.
+
+"He had conceived an idea, that, as this most alarming of mortal
+maladies has been often strangely neglected by the sluggish and
+superstitious inhabitants of the East, it might be possible by a calm
+and courageous examination of its nature and its progress, to set limits
+to its rage; and particularly to secure his own country from a future
+visitation of a calamity, against which the fearless and eager spirit of
+Commerce appears not to have established a sufficient precaution. For
+the prospect of accomplishing public good, so devoutly to be wished, he
+nobly thought it a trifling sacrifice to hazard the little remnant of
+his advanced life; and, however men or nations may differ in policy or
+religion, whereever there is a human spirit sufficiently pure and
+enlightened to estimate public virtue, the sentiments and the conduct of
+HOWARD must secure to his memory the fondest veneration. There is a
+perfection and felicity in his character that appears supremely laudable
+in every point of view. If, abstracted from all religious
+considerations, we regard him only as a citizen who devoted himself to
+the service of his country, the brightest records of Antiquity afford us
+no parallel to his merit. Had he lived in those early times, the
+generous enthusiasm of the antient world would have idolized his name.
+Philosophy and Genius would have found, in his benevolent labours, the
+most ample theme for instruction, and the purest subject for universal
+panegyrick. They would have celebrated him as a benefactor to mankind,
+who had built a new portico to the Temple of Glory superior to the dome
+itself. They would have preferred the beneficent Philanthropist to the
+dazzling Conqueror, to the fascinating Demagogue, to the attractive
+Sophist; and all the various idols of public praise. But as Antiquity
+exhibits no character of such unclouded lustre, we have great reason to
+conclude, that such a character could owe its existence only to the pure
+and sublime spirit of our Christian Faith. Let us, therefore,
+contemplate HOWARD as a Christian! it is by considering him in this
+light, that we shall feel ourselves most happily related to his virtues,
+and most delightfully interested in the honours they receive.
+
+"In the poor and calamitous objects of his regard, in the gentleness
+and purity of his manners, in his modest and magnanimous refusal of
+earthly honours, in the wide extent and courageous perseverance of his
+charity, we cannot fail to discern how richly he was endowed with the
+genuine spirit of that pure and sublime Religion which has the divine
+prerogative of converting weakness into strength, and of giving to
+Humility the influence of Power. There is not a feature in the
+character, there is hardly an action in the life of this exemplary
+personage, that does not mark him as a true servant of CHRIST. And may
+we not presume the blessed Author of our faith, in supplying us in these
+dissolute times with a recent example of such astonishing and unlimited
+beneficence, is graciously pleased to afford us a new motive to prize
+and to cherish that animating faith, which could form, in an age like
+the present, a character so wonderfully entitled to the veneration of
+the world? The spirit of Christianity is so visible in the conduct of
+HOWARD, that the prime objects of his attention might be thought to have
+been suggested to him by the very words in which our blessed Lord
+announces to the heirs of eternal glory the source of their
+beatitude--'Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared
+for you from the foundation of the world; for I was an hungry, and ye
+gave me meat; I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink; I was a stranger, and
+ye took me in; naked, and ye cloathed me; I was sick, and ye visited me;
+I was in prison, and ye came unto me.'
+
+"Is it possible for us, my Brethren, to recall to our memory these holy
+words without feeling at the same time, in the most forcible degree, all
+the Christian merits of HOWARD? Can we fail to admire and to venerate
+the unexampled ardour, purity, and perseverance, with which he exercised
+the peculiar virtue so distinguished by our Lord?--While we behold him
+sublimely pre-eminent in this Christian perfection, shall we not cherish
+the delightful idea, that his heavenly rewards will be finally adequate
+to his unrivaled labours on earth? Shall not those who have loved him
+exult in the persuasion, that in that great and aweful day, when the
+living and the dead are to receive their everlasting doom; when the
+princes and the great ones of the earth may be confronted with those
+whom they have persecuted and oppressed, or whom they have failed to
+relieve; when the proudest Sons of Learning, Genius, or Wit, may shrink
+at the superior lustre of those whom they have ridiculed and reviled;
+HOWARD will shine encircled by thousands, who will gratefully plead for
+his beatitude in those blessed words of our Redeemer, 'I was in prison,
+and he came unto me!'
+
+"Yes, my Brethren, the day will assuredly come, when the servant so
+signally faithful will be called to a reward, surpassing the utmost
+reach of our conception, by the voice of his Righteous Master--then, and
+then only, will praise be fully proportioned to his transcendant merit;
+when this consummate Christian is raised to glory by the glorified
+Messiah, when his pure spirit exults in the commendation of his GOD.
+
+"The imperfect efforts, that mankind may make to do honour to such a
+Being, cannot, indeed, so much promote his glory, as they may conduce to
+the interest of human nature. Subject as it has been to the wildest
+excesses, human panegyric, in all its shapes, may be safely devoted to a
+personage, whom it is hardly possible to praise with sincerity, without
+feeling our disposition improved. In a beneficent, a sublime, and truly
+religious character, there is a sort of magnetic virtue, which to those
+who are affectionately drawn towards it, though only in idea,
+communicates a portion of itself. Hence arises, what we cannot too
+fondly cherish, the delight and the utility of commemorating departed
+worth. If its title to commemoration be justly proportioned to its
+magnitude, its singularity, and extent; not only various individuals,
+but different Nations, will become rivals in promoting the fame of
+HOWARD. As the glorious qualities, which his life displayed, are equally
+open to the emulation of the great and the humble; every class of human
+creatures is peculiarly interested in his praise. If to honour his
+memory may be thought to belong to any one community more than to
+another; surely, my Brethren, we shall not fail to assume to ourselves
+so pleasing a duty, so honourable a distinction. Well, indeed, might the
+insulting enemies of our Faith reproach us with a supine and disgraceful
+inattention to the real interest of Virtue, and the true glory of
+Religion, could we suffer any other order of men to surpass the
+Ministers of CHRIST in a meritorious zeal to honour this faithful
+servant of Heaven, whose life exhibits a lesson more instructive and
+sublime than all the eloquence of the Pulpit! a Christian, who has shewn
+us, in the most signal manner, how practicable it is to follow, in
+succouring the distrest, not only the precepts, but the example of our
+GOD."
+
+In the moment that this benevolent Divine concluded his address to his
+attentive brethren, my kind and vigilant Guides removed me from the
+temple.--I was now led into a scene entirely different from those we
+left. It was an open and verdant plain, with a few elevations in the
+ground, that afforded advantageous views of the whole extensive spot.
+Here, instead of beholding the Ministers of Peace, I found myself
+encircled by the multitudinous votaries of War. It appeared to me that
+all the military and all the naval servants of our country were
+collected together, and each different division of these well-appointed
+and well-looking men, that formed a pleasing spectacle alone, was
+attended by a crowd of miscellaneous spectators, more numerous than
+itself: yet in all this immense multitude there was no sign of tumult or
+confusion. They were ranged in such a manner as to form a wide circular
+area in the midst of them. I was stationed on a little eminence within
+this area; and in the same vacant space I beheld a party of veteran
+Commanders, both Military and Naval, who seemed to have been conferring
+together, but separated by the direction of my aetherial Conductors, to
+address, in different parts of this extensive field, the different
+companies assigned to their care. What they respectively said in their
+separate departments I was unable to discover, as I only heard
+distinctly one gallant Veteran, whose character was particularly dear to
+me. This consummate officer has raised himself by merit alone from the
+humblest rank of military life to a station of the highest honour and
+trust. His modesty is as singular as his fortune: passing close to me,
+with a gracious salutation, he approached a very fine orderly corps of
+foot, who looked up to him with a sort of filial respect, while he spoke
+to them the few following words:
+
+"As bravery and compassion are the characteristics of good Soldiers, you
+cannot want, my friends, any long exhortation from me to honour the
+memory of HOWARD; the most resolute and the most compassionate man that
+has lived in our time. Though he was not of our profession, as his life
+was devoted to mitigate the united horrors of captivity and sickness,
+those worst of enemies to the spirit of a soldier, you will undoubtedly
+feel that he has a peculiar claim to our most grateful and generous
+regard."
+
+This speech was followed by a burst of acclamation from those to whom it
+was particularly addressed. Similar shouts of applause resounded from
+different quarters of the spacious field, while our aetherial
+attendants, Gratitude and Admiration, who followed each speaker at the
+close of each address to different divisions of this innumerable
+assembly, displayed, to each division in its turn, an extensive sketch
+of a simple but magnificent mausoleum to the memory of Howard, in the
+form of an English lazaretto. On the first display of this striking and
+worthy monument, the applauding multitude seemed to exult in the
+prospect of its completion. But I soon observed, to my inexpressible
+concern, that while Gratitude and Admiration were busy in exciting the
+various ranks of the vast assembly, to accomplish this favourite design,
+they were followed by two earthy fiends of a dark and malignant
+influence: these were Detraction and Indifference, who shed such a chill
+and depressive mist around them, that all the ardour of the Assembly
+seemed to sink. Among the miscellaneous crowds that were visible between
+the divisions of the martial host, there ran a murmur of obloquy and
+derision against the pure object of public veneration. He was reviled as
+a whimsical Reformer, and a rash Enthusiast, who had absurdly
+sacrificed his life in a vain and fantastic pursuit. This base spirit of
+calumnious malignity was not communicated to any one division of the
+martial multitude; but the universal zeal for the glory of HOWARD seemed
+to be almost annihilated; even Gratitude and Admiration appeared to grow
+faint in their darling purpose. During their languor, they suffered
+their sketch of the Mausoleum to be gradually stolen from their hands,
+and to drop upon the ground. At this moment a sudden and violent
+earthquake was felt through all the extensive scene. The centre of the
+vacant area opened--it threw forth a phantom terrific and enormous--its
+magnitude seemed to grow upon the sight; its lineaments were shrouded
+from our view by an immense mantle, on which were represented a
+thousand different and hideous images of Death. Its name was
+Contagion--it rushed forward with an indescribable movement. Dismay and
+confusion overwhelmed all that quarter of the crowded scene, that was
+particularly threatened by its first advance. The affrighted multitude
+rolled back like a tumultuous sea. The horrid spectre stopt; and left a
+wide interval between itself and the retiring host. A ray of heavenly
+light illumined the vacant space. I fixed my eye on the brilliant spot,
+and soon beheld the meek and gentle form of HOWARD advancing, without
+fear or arrogance, towards the terrific Phantom. With an untrembling
+hand he seized the dark folds of its extensive mantle, and seemed
+animated with the hope of annihilating the Monster. In the instant, a
+burst of celestial splendor was spread over the gloomy plain. The Angel
+of Retribution descended; and snatching the consummate Philanthropist to
+his bosom, he rose again; while all the astonished multitude, now
+reviving from their terror, gazed only on the celestial apparition; and
+heard the reascending Seraph thus address the beneficent spirit now
+committed to his care:
+
+"Thou faithful servant of Heaven! thy hour of recompence is come. Justly
+hast thou cautioned mankind not to impute thy conduct to rashness or
+enthusiasm. Weak and wavering in their own pursuits of felicity, thou
+wilt not wonder to see them so in their sense of thy merit, and their
+zeal for thy honour: but I am commissioned to bear thee to that
+All-seeing Power, who can alone truly estimate, and perfectly reward thy
+desert. I know that the praise of beings, inferior to thy GOD, never
+influenced thy life; but the homage of good minds is grateful to the
+purest inhabitants of Heaven; and in departing from a world so much
+indebted to thy virtue, let it gratify thy perfect spirit to foresee,
+that as long as the earth endures, the most enlightened of her sons will
+remember and revere thee as one of her sublimest benefactors."
+
+As soon as the divine messenger had ceased to speak, every voice in the
+reanimated multitude, that heard him, raised a shout of benediction on
+the name of HOWARD. I started in transport at the sound; and the effort
+that I made to join the universal acclamation terminated my vision.
+
+Pardon me, thou gentlest and most indulgent of Friends! that, conscious
+as I am of the sincerity with which thy pure mind ever wished to avoid
+all exuberance of praise, I yet presume to send into the world such a
+tribute to thy virtues as thy humility might reject. Let the motives of
+the publication atone for all its defects!
+
+This little work is made public, not from a vain expectation, or desire,
+in the Writer to obtain any degree of literary distinction; for, if his
+wishes and endeavours are successful, the world will not know from what
+hand it proceeds.
+
+Thou most revered object of my regard, who art looking down, perhaps,
+with compassion on the petty labours of various mortals, now trying to
+commemorate thy merit, thou seest that I am influenced by no arrogant
+conceit of having praised with peculiar felicity the perfections that I
+so ardently admire. No! I am perfectly sensible, that the most worthy
+memorial of thy virtues will be found in those pure records of thy
+public services which thy own hand has given to the world with all the
+amiable and affecting simplicity that distinguished thy character, and
+in the more comprehensive composition of some accomplished Biographer,
+who may have opportunities and ability to do justice to thy life.
+
+The chief aim of these few and hasty pages is to recall, at this
+particular time, to the liberal spirits of our countrymen that generous
+ardour with which they embraced the first idea of a public monument to
+HOWARD. While the expence and dignity of that monument are yet
+unsettled, a Writer may consider himself as a friend to national honour,
+who endeavours to animate his country to the most extensive display of
+her munificence, and her gratitude towards the purest public virtue. May
+she justly remember, that, to testify a fond maternal pride in such a
+departed son, to manifest and perpetuate esteem for such a character,
+is, in truth, to promote the interest of genuine Patriotism, of sublime
+Morality, and of perfect Religion!
+
+
+FINIS.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Eulogies of Howard, by William Hayley
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE EULOGIES OF HOWARD ***
+
+***** This file should be named 10010.txt or 10010.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+        https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/0/1/10010/
+
+Produced by Jonathan Ingram and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+https://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use & Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS," WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+Each eBook is in a subdirectory of the same number as the eBook's
+eBook number, often in several formats including plain vanilla ASCII,
+compressed (zipped), HTML and others.
+
+Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks replace the old file and take over
+the old filename and etext number.  The replaced older file is renamed.
+VERSIONS based on separate sources are treated as new eBooks receiving
+new filenames and etext numbers.
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+     https://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
+
+EBooks posted prior to November 2003, with eBook numbers BELOW #10000,
+are filed in directories based on their release date.  If you want to
+download any of these eBooks directly, rather than using the regular
+search system you may utilize the following addresses and just
+download by the etext year.
+
+     http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext06
+
+    (Or /etext 05, 04, 03, 02, 01, 00, 99,
+     98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90)
+
+EBooks posted since November 2003, with etext numbers OVER #10000, are
+filed in a different way.  The year of a release date is no longer part
+of the directory path.  The path is based on the etext number (which is
+identical to the filename).  The path to the file is made up of single
+digits corresponding to all but the last digit in the filename.  For
+example an eBook of filename 10234 would be found at:
+
+     https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/2/3/10234
+
+or filename 24689 would be found at:
+     https://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/6/8/24689
+
+An alternative method of locating eBooks:
+     https://www.gutenberg.org/GUTINDEX.ALL
+
+