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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Of Captain Mission, by Daniel Defoe
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Of Captain Mission
+
+Author: Daniel Defoe
+
+
+Release Date: March, 2005 [EBook #7779]
+This file was first posted on May 16, 2003
+Last updated: May 1, 2013
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OF CAPTAIN MISSION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Starner, Deirdre Menchaca, Ted Garvin
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+OF CAPTAIN MISSON
+
+From "The History Of The Pyrates. Vol. II."
+
+
+By Daniel Defoe
+
+
+GENERAL EDITORS
+
+Richard C. Boys, _University of Michigan_ Ralph Cohen, _University of
+California, Los Angeles_ Vinton A. Dearing, _University of California,
+Los Angeles_ Lawrence Clark Powell, _Clark Memorial Library_
+
+
+ASSISTANT EDITOR
+
+W. Earl Britton, _University of Michigan_
+
+
+ADVISORY EDITORS
+
+Emmett L. Avery, _State College of Washington_ Benjamin Boyce, _Duke
+University_ Louis Bredvold, _University of Michigan_ John Butt,
+_University of Edinburgh_ James L. Clifford, _Columbia University_
+Arthur Friedman, _University of Chicago_ Louis A. Landa, _Princeton
+University_ Samuel H. Monk, _University of Minnesota_ Ernest C. Mossner,
+_University of Texas_ James Sutherland, _University College, London_
+H.T. Swedenberg, Jr., _University of California, Los Angeles_
+
+
+CORRESPONDING SECRETARY
+
+Edna C. Davis, _Clark Memorial Library_
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION
+
+
+Defoe has been recognized as the author of _A General History of the
+Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious Pyrates_ since 1932 when
+John Robert Moore suggested that the supposed author, Captain Charles
+Johnson, like Andrew Moreton, Kara Selym or Captain Roberts, was merely
+another mask for the creator of _Robinson Crusoe_. Although most of the
+first volume is of minor literary importance, the second section which
+appeared in 1728 as _The History of the Pyrates_ commenced with a life
+"Of Captain Misson and His Crew," one of Defoe's most remarkable and
+neglected works of fiction. In much the same manner and at the same time
+that John Gay was satirizing Walpole's government in _The Beggar's
+Opera_, Defoe began to use his pirates as a commentary on the injustice
+and hypocrisy of contemporary English society. Among Defoe's gallery of
+pirates are Captain White, who refused to rob from women and children;
+Captain Bellamy, the proletarian revolutionist; and captain North, whose
+sense of justice and honesty was a rebuke to the corruption of
+government under Walpole. But the fictional Captain Misson, the founder
+of a communist utopia, is by far the most original of these creations.
+
+If we were to accept the view of nineteenth-century critics, that Defoe
+was one of the earliest exponents of _laissez faire_, his creation of a
+communist utopia would seem remarkable indeed. But paradoxes fascinated
+Defoe, and his ideas can seldom be reduced to unambiguous platitudes. He
+was especially fascinated by the comparison between businessmen and
+thieves. In 1707 he urged the government to pardon the Madagascar
+pirates if they agreed to stop their crimes, pay a large sum of money
+and "become honest Freeholders, as others of our _West-India_ Pyrates,
+_Merchants I should have said_, have done before them." And he noted
+that "it would make a sad Chasm on the _Exchange of London_, if all the
+Pyrates should be taken away from the Merchants there."[1] Twelve years
+later just before the start of the South Sea Bubble, Defoe attacked
+stock-jobbing as "a Branch of Highway Robbing."[2]
+
+Although these attacks were directed mainly at "trade thieves" and
+corruptions in business practices, they reflect Defoe's growing concern
+with problems of poverty and wealth in England. In his preface to the
+first volume of the _General History of the Pyrates_, Defoe argued that
+the unemployed seaman had no choice but to "_steal or starve_." When the
+pirate, Captain Bellamy, boards a merchant ship from Boston, he attacks
+the inequality of capitalist society, the ship owners, and most of all,
+the Captain:
+
+_damn ye, you are a sneaking Puppy, and so are all those who will submit
+to be governed by Laws which rich Men have made for their own Security,
+for the cowardly Whelps have not the Courage otherwise to defend what
+they get by their Knavery; but damn ye altogether: Damn them for a Pack
+of crafty Rascals, and you, who serve them, for a Parcel of hen-hearted
+Numskuls. They villify us, the Scoundrels do, when there is only this
+Difference, they rob the Poor under the Cover of Law, forsooth, and we
+plunder the Rich under the Protection of our own Courage._[3]
+
+Bellamy asks the crew of the captured ship to abandon the slavery of
+working for low wages under severe captains for the complete economic
+and political equality of life on a pirate ship.
+
+Government on Captain Misson's ship, the _Victoire_, and in the colony
+of Libertalia is partially an idealization of the pirate's creed. But
+two other elements which must be considered are, first, the concept of
+government in the state of nature, and secondly, the ideal of the
+socialist utopia. Most political theorists of Defoe's time postulated a
+state of nature in which man lived either entirely free from government
+or under loose patriarchal control, from which he was removed either by
+the invention of money, the discovery of agriculture or by some crime.
+To a certain extent, Misson's pirate government may be regarded as a
+stage in the evolution of government. In _The Farther Adventures of
+Robinson Crusoe_, Defoe showed how government evolved from the anarchy
+of the state of nature. Both Crusoe's colony and Libertalia are
+eventually forced to establish government, private property and criminal
+laws, but Libertalia, which retains its egalitarian and democratic
+character, is overthrown by its failure to account for human evil and
+crime.
+
+A second influence on Captain Misson's ideology is Plutarch's
+description of the laws of Sparta and Rome. Even during the
+"Anti-Communist Period" which followed the Glorious Revolution, the
+well-regulated state of the Lacedemonians remained the norm for Utopias.
+The influence of Plutarch pervades the biographies in the _General
+History of the Pyrates._ Lycurgus' laws echo throughout Misson's attacks
+on luxury and the unequal distribution of wealth, while Plutarch's study
+of Spartacus, which is mentioned in Defoe's preface, may well have been
+the model for his hero.
+
+But neither the desire to regain the purity of the state of nature nor
+an admiration for Spartan simplicity entirely explain Misson's vigorous
+demand for freedom and his attacks on the corruption of the ruling
+class. By refusing to fly the pirate flag, Misson dramatizes the growing
+revolt of the poor against a useless nobility. The crew of the
+_Victoire_ are, prophetically enough, French. Their aspiration is for a
+society following the precepts of _la carrière ouverte aux talents_;
+their revolt is that of a few courageous men unafraid to engage in the
+pirate's "war against mankind" while those of lesser courage "dance to
+the Musick of their Chains."
+
+Defoe's study of Misson is different from the Utopias of More, Bacon or
+Campanella in so far as there is no discovery of an ideal civilization.
+Libertalia is a Utopia which reflects a direct reaction to the abuses of
+the time--abuses of economic, political and religious freedom.
+Anticipating Beccaria's criticism of the death penalty by almost forty
+years, Carracioli argues that since man's right to life is inalienable,
+no government can have the power of capital punishment.[4] Misson's
+belief in equality is extended to include the negro slaves the
+_Victoire_ takes at sea as well as the natives of Madagascar. After
+asking the negroes to join his crew, Misson tells his men that
+the Trading for those of our own Species, could never be agreeable to
+the Eyes of divine Justice: That no Man had Power of the Liberty of
+another; and while those who profess'd a more enlightened Knowledge of
+the Deity, sold men like Beasts; they prov'd that their Religion was no
+more than Crimace...: For his Part he hop'd, he spoke the Sentiments of
+all his brave Companions, he had not exempted his Neck from the galling
+Yoak of Slavery, and asserted his own Liberty to enslave others.
+
+Slavery is banished from Misson's ship, and the negroes are schooled in
+the principles of freedom.
+
+Perhaps the most difficult problem in discussing the principles of
+Misson and Carracioli is to attempt an explanation of why Defoe, a
+Presbyterian, should have made his protagonists into deists. Defoe
+attacks Carracioli's deistic arguments through his narrator, Captain
+Johnson, who remarks that such ideas are pernicious only to "weak Men
+who cannot discover their Fallacy." But since similar ideas appear in
+Robert _Drury's Journal_ published a year later, it may be assumed that
+the arguments of the deists held a certain fascination for Defoe at this
+time. Carracioli's deism also has a dramatic function in the story. That
+on a voyage to Rome a young man like Misson should be converted to deism
+by a disillusioned "lewd" priest was in harmony with the traditional
+English belief in the dangers of Italy.[5] That Carracioli should
+combine the rebellion against organized religion with the revolt against
+monarchy is indicative of Defoe's keen apprehension of the future course
+of history.
+
+Considered as a short novel, the history "Of Captain Misson and his
+Crew" reveals many of the same techniques which Defoe used in his longer
+works. To gain a sense of verisimilitude the narrator pretends to be
+working from a manuscript, a device which Defoe also employed in his
+_Memoirs of a Cavalier_. As in _Colonel Jack_ real historical figures
+and events from the War of the Spanish Succession are woven into the
+adventures of the _Victoire_. Captain Misson and his crew sink the
+Winchelsea, an English ship lost in the West Indies at the end of
+August, 1707, and they barely escape from Admiral Wager's fleet which
+fought a famous battle there in 1708. Even the name of Misson's ship,
+the _Victoire_; was undoubtedly familiar to Defoe as the vessel
+commanded by the famous French corsair, Cornil Saus.[6] So convincing is
+Defoe that although his hero is shown meeting a real freebooter, Captain
+Tew, ten years after Tew's death, Misson is still included in the
+histories of piracy.[7]
+
+Also typical of Defoe's fiction is the relationship between Captain
+Misson, the leader, and his intellectual mentor, Carracioli. Colonel
+Jack and his tutor, Moll Flanders and her Governess and particularly,
+Captain Singleton and William Walters form similar groups. Just as
+William Walters, a Quaker, reminds Captain Singleton and the crew that
+their business is not fighting but making money, so Carracioli addresses
+lengthy speeches to the crew, converting everyone on the _Victoire_ to
+democracy and deism. Misson's Libertalia takes root in Madagascar, where
+Singleton wanted to establish a colony, while both Carracioli and
+Walters adapt the secular aspects of their religion to piracy. But
+whereas Walters eventually converts Singleton into an honest Christian,
+Carracioli leads Misson into piracy.
+
+In the history "Of Captain Misson and his Crew," Defoe decided to pursue
+the same method of third person narrative as in his brief biographies of
+real pirates. The result is that he merely provides a sketch of
+political theories rather than a study of human beings. Of course there
+are good reasons for this. Defoe was more interested in dramatizing
+proletarian utopian ideals than in developing the inner workings of
+Misson's mind. The novelette is unified by its epic theme, not by its
+study of character or its episodic plot.
+
+Although Defoe toyed with radical notions throughout _The History of the
+Pyrates_, he had little faith in their practicality. Libertalia must be
+understood as Defoe's best expression of political and social ideals
+which he admired but considered unworkable. The continuation of Misson's
+career in the section "Of Captain Tew" depicts the decline and fall of
+the utopia and the hero's tragic death as a disillusioned idealist.
+This, however, is another story, a story which suggested that private
+property was necessary, equality impossible and slavery a useful
+expedient for colonization. It was a far more comforting message for the
+Augustan Age, but it could not silence the tocsins of the French
+Revolution which sound throughout the speeches of Misson and Carracioli.
+
+Maximillian E. Novak University of Michigan
+
+
+
+
+Bibliographical Note
+
+The text of "Of Captain Misson and His Crew" has been reproduced from
+the Henry E. Huntington Library's first edition copy of the second
+volume of _A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most
+Notorious Pyrates_ which appeared under the title _The History of the
+Pyrates_.
+
+
+Notes to the Introduction
+
+[Footnote 1: Daniel Defoe, _A Review of the Affairs of France_, ed. A.
+W. Secord (New York, 1938), IV, 424a.]
+
+[Footnote 2: _The Anatomy of Exchange--Alley_ (London, 1719), p. 8.]
+
+[Footnote 3: _A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most
+Notorious Pyrates_ (London, 1728), II, 220.]
+
+[Footnote 4: See Cesare Beccaria, _An Essay on Crimes and Punishments_
+(Stanford, 1953), pp. 97-99.]
+
+[Footnote 5: In the previous year Defoe had written that "it was the
+most dangerous thing in the World for a young Gentleman, sober and
+virtuous, to venture into _Italy_, till he was thoroughly grounded in
+Principle, ... for that nothing was more ordinary, than for such either
+to be seduc'd, by the Subtlety of the Clergy, to embrace a false
+Religion, or by the Artifice of a worse Enemy, to give up all Religion,
+and sink into _Scepticism_ and _Deism_, or, perhaps, _Atheism_." _A New
+Family Instructor_ (London, 1727), p. 17.]
+
+[Footnote 6: See Ruth Bourne, _Queen Anne's Navy in the West Indies_
+(New Haven, 1939), pp. 63, 169-172; and _Manuscripts of the House of
+Lords_, New Series (London, 1921), VII, 117-119.]
+
+[Footnote 7: See Philip Gosse, _The History of Piracy_ (New York, 1934),
+p. 194; and Patrick Pringle, _Jolly Roger_ (London, 1953), pp. 136-138.]
+
+
+_Omne tulit punctum, qui miscuit utile dulci_.  Hor.
+
+
+
+
+THE HISTORY OF THE PYRATES. VOL. II.
+
+
+
+
+OF CAPTAIN MISSON.
+
+
+We can be somewhat particular in the Life of this Gentleman, because, by
+very great Accident, we have got into our Hands a _French_ Manuscript,
+in which he himself gives a Detail of his Actions. He was born in
+_Provence_, of an ancient Family; his Father, whose true Name he
+conceals, was Master of a plentiful Fortune; but having a great Number
+of Children, our Rover had but little Hopes of other Fortune than what
+he could carve out for himself with his Sword. His Parents took Care to
+give him an Education equal to his Birth. After he had passed his
+Humanity and Logick, and was a tolerable Mathematician, at the Age of
+Fifteen he was sent to _Angiers_, where he was a Year learning His
+Exercises. His Father, at his Return home, would have put him into the
+Musketeers; but as he was of a roving Temper, and much affected with the
+Accounts he had read in Books of Travels, he chose the Sea as a Life
+which abounds with more Variety, and would afford him an Opportunity to
+gratify his Curiosity, by the Change of Countries Having made this
+Choice, his Father, with Letters of Recommendation, and every Thing
+fitting for him, sent him Voluntier on board the _Victoire_, commanded
+by Monsieur _Fourbin_, his Relation. He was received on Board with all
+possible Regard by the Captain, whose Ship was at _Marseilles_, and was
+order'd to cruise soon after _Misson's_ Arrival. Nothing could be more
+agreeable to the Inclinations of our Voluntier than this Cruize, which
+made him acquainted with the most noted Ports of the _Mediterranean_,
+and gave him a great Insight into the practical Part of Navigation. He
+grew fond of this Life, and was resolved to be a compleat Sailor, which
+made him always one of the first on a Yard Arm, either to Hand or Reef,
+and very inquisitive in the different Methods of working a Ship: His
+Discourse was turn'd on no other Subject, and he would often get the
+Boatswain and Carpenter to teach him in their Cabbins the constituent
+Parts of a Ship's Hull, and how to rigg her, which he generously paid
+'em for; and tho' he spent a great Part of his Time with these two
+Officers, yet he behaved himself with such Prudence that they never
+attempted at a Familiarity, and always paid the Respect due to his
+Family. The Ship being at _Naples_, he obtained Leave of his Captain to
+go to _Rome_, which he had a great Desire to visit. Hence we may date
+his Misfortunes; for, remarking the licentious Lives of the Clergy (so
+different from the Regularity observ'd among the _French_
+Ecclesiasticks,) the Luxury of the Papal Court, and that nothing but
+Hulls of Religion was to be found in the Metropolis of the Christian
+Church, he began to figure to himself that all Religion was no more than
+a Curb upon the Minds of the Weaker, which the wiser Sort yielded to, in
+Appearance only. These Sentiments, so disadvantageous to Religion and
+himself, were strongly riveted by accidentally becoming acquainted with
+a lewd Priest, who was, at his Arrival (by meer Chance) his Confessor,
+and after that his Procurer and Companion, for he kept him Company to
+his Death. One Day, having an Opportunity, he told _Misson_, a Religious
+was a very good Life, where a Man had a subtle enterprising Genius, and
+some Friends; for such a one wou'd, in a short Time, rise to such
+Dignities in the Church, the Hopes of which was the Motive of all the
+wiser Sort, who voluntarily took upon them the sacerdotal Habit. That
+the ecclesiastical State was govern'd with the same Policy as were
+secular Principalities and Kingdoms; that what was beneficial, not what
+was meritorious and virtuous, would be alone regarded. That there were
+no more Hopes for a Man of Piety and Learning in the Patrimony of St.
+_Peter_, than in any other Monarchy, nay, rather less; for this being
+known to be real, that Man's rejected as a Visionary, no way fit for
+Employment; as one whose Scruples might prove prejudicial; for its a
+Maxim, that Religion and Politicks can never set up in one House. As to
+our Statesmen, don't imagine that the Purple makes 'em less Courtiers
+than are those of other Nations; they know and pursue the _Reggione del
+Stato_ (a Term of Art which means Self-Interest) with as much Cunning
+and as little Conscience as any Secular; and are as artful where Art is
+required, and as barefaced and impudent when their Power is great enough
+to support 'em, in the oppressing the People, and aggrandizing their
+Families. What their Morals are, you may read in the Practice of their
+Lives, and their Sentiments of Religion from this Saying of a certain
+Cardinal, _Quantum Lucrum ex ista fabula Christi!_ which many of 'em may
+say, tho' they are not so foolish. For my Part, I am quite tir'd of the
+Farce, and will lay hold on the first Opportunity to throw off this
+masquerading Habit; for, by Reason of my Age, I must act an under Part
+many Years; and before I can rise to share the Spoils of the People, I
+shall, I fear, be too old to enjoy the Sweets of Luxury; and, as I am an
+Enemy to Restraint, I am apprehensive I shall never act up to my
+Character, and carry thro' the Hypocrite with Art enough to rise to any
+considerable Post in the Church. My Parents did not consult my Genius,
+or they would have given me a Sword instead of a Pair of Beads.
+
+_Misson_ advised him to go with him Voluntier, and offer'd him Money to
+cloath him; the Priest leap'd at the Proposal, and a Letter coming to
+_Misson_ from his Captain, that he was going to _Leghorn_, and left to
+him either to come to _Naples_, or go by Land; he chose the latter, and
+the _Dominican_, whom he furnish'd with Money, clothing himself very
+Cavalierly, threw off his Habit, and preceeded him two Days, staying at
+_Pisa_ for _Misson_; from whence they went together to _Leghorn_, where
+they found the _Victoire_, and Signor _Caraccioli_, recommended by his
+Friend, was received on Board. Two Days after they weigh'd from hence,
+and after a Week's Cruize fell in with two _Sally_ Men, the one of
+twenty, the other of twenty four Guns; the _Victoire_ had but thirty
+mounted, though she had Ports for forty. The Engagement was long and
+bloody, for the _Sally_ Man hop'd to carry the _Victoire_; and, on the
+contrary, Captain _Fourbin_, so far from having any Thoughts of being
+taken, he was resolutely bent to make Prize of his Enemies, or sink his
+Ship. One of the _Sally_ Men was commanded by a _Spanish_ Renegade,
+(though he had only the Title of a Lieutenant) for the Captain was a
+young Man who knew little of Marine Affairs.
+
+This Ship was called the _Lyon_; and he attempted, more than once, to
+board the _Victoire_, but by a Shot betwixt Wind and Water, he was
+obliged to sheer off, and running his Guns, &c. on one Side, bring her
+on the careen to stop his Leak; this being done with too much
+Precipitation, she overset, and every Soul was lost: His Comrade seeing
+this Disaster, threw out all his small sails, and endeavour'd to get
+off, but the _Victoire_ wrong'd her, and oblig'd her to renew the Fight,
+which she did with great Obstinacy, and made Monsieur _Fourbin_ despair
+of carrying her if he did not board; he made Preparations accordingly.
+Signior _Caraccioli_ and _Misson_ were the two first on board when the
+Command was given; but they and their Followers were beat back by the
+Despair of the _Sally_ Men; the former received a Shot in his Thigh, and
+was carried down to the Surgeon. The _Victoire_ laid her on board the
+second time, and the _Sally_ Men defended their Decks with such
+Resolution, that they were cover'd with their own, and the dead Bodies
+of their Enemies. _Misson_ seeing one of 'em jump down the Main-Hatch
+with a lighted Match, suspecting his Design, resolutely leap'd after
+him, and reaching him with his Sabre, laid him dead the Moment he going
+to set Fire to the Powder. The _Victoire_ pouring in more Men, the
+_Mahometans_ quitted the Decks, finding Resistance vain, and fled for
+Shelter to the Cook Room, Steerage and Cabbins, and some run between
+Decks. The _French_ gave 'em Quarters, and put the Prisoners on board
+the _Victoire_, the Prize yielding nothing worth mention, except Liberty
+to about fifteen Christian Slaves; she was carried into and sold with
+the Prisoners at _[text unreadable]_. The Turks lost a great many Men,
+the _French_ not less than 35 in boarding, for they lost very few by the
+great Shot, the _Sally_ Men firing mostly at the Masts and Rigging,
+hoping by disabling to carry her. The limited Time of  their Cruize
+being out, the _Victoire_ returned to _Marseilles_, from whence
+_Misson_, taking his Companion, went to visit his Parents, to whom the
+Captain sent a very advantageous Character, both of his Courage and
+Conduct. He was about a Month at home when his Captain wrote to him,
+that his Ship was ordered to _Rochelle_, from whence he was to sail for
+the _West-Indies_ with some Merchant Men. This was very agreeable to
+_Misson_ and Signior _Caraccioli_, who immediately set out for
+_Marseilles_. This Town is well fortified, has four Parish Churches, and
+the Number of Inhabitants is computed to be about 120,0000; the Harbour
+is esteemed the safest in the _Mediterranean_, and is the common Station
+for the _French_ Gallies.
+
+Leaving this Place, they steer'd for _Rochelle_, where the _Victoire_
+was dock'd, the Merchant Ships not being near ready. _Misson_, who did
+not Care to pass so long a Time in Idleness, proposed to his Comrade the
+taking a Cruize on board the _Triumph_, who was going into the _English
+Channel_; the _Italian_ readily contented to it.
+
+Between the Isle of _Guernsey_ and the _Start Point_ they met with the
+_Mayflower_, Captain _Balladine_ Commanded, a Merchant Ship of 18 Guns,
+richly laden, and coming from _Jamaica_. The Captain of the _English_
+made a gallant resistance, and fought his Ship so long, that the
+_French_ could not carry her into Harbour, wherefore they took the
+Money, and what was most valuable, out of her; and finding she made more
+Water than the Pumps could free, quitted, and saw her go down in less
+than four Hours after. Monsieur _le Blanc_, the _French_ Captain,
+received Captain _Balladine_ very civilly, and would not suffer either
+him or his Men to be stripp'd, saying, _None but Cowards ought be
+treated after that Manner; that brave Men ought to treat such, though
+their Enemies, as Brothers; and that to use a gallant Man (who does his
+Duty) ill, speaks a Revenge which cannot proceed but from a Coward
+Soul._ He order'd that the Prisoners should leave their Chests; and when
+some of his Men seem'd to mutter, he bid 'em remember the Grandeur of
+the Monarch they serv'd; that they were neither Pyrates nor Privateers;
+and, as brave Men, they ought to shew their Enemies an Example they
+would willingly have follow'd, and use their Prisoners as they wish'd to
+be us'd.
+
+They running up the _English_ Channel as high as _Beachy Head_, and, in
+returning, fell in with three fifty Gun Ships, which gave Chace to the
+_Triumph_; but as she was an excellent Sailor, she run 'em out of Sight
+in seven Glasses, and made the best of her Way for the _Lands-End_ they
+here cruized eight Days, then doubling Cape _Cornwall_, ran up the
+_Bristol_ Channel, near as far as _Nash Point_, and intercepted a small
+Ship from _Barbadoes_, and stretching away to the Northward, gave Chase
+to a Ship they saw in the Evening, but lost her in the Night. The
+_Triumph_ stood then towards _Milford_ and spying a Sail, endeavour'd to
+cut her off the Land, but found it impossible; for she got into the
+Haven, though they came up with her very fast, and she had surely been
+taken, had the Chase had been any thing longer.
+
+Captain _Balladine_, who took the Glass, said it was the _Port Royal_, a
+_Bristol_ Ship which left _Jamaica_ in Company with him and the
+_Charles_. They now return'd to their own Coast, and sold their Prize at
+_Brest_, where, at his Desire, they left Captain _Balladine_, and
+Monsieur _le Blanc_ made him a Present of Purse with 40 _Louis's_ for
+his Support; his Crew were also left here.
+
+At the Entrance into this Harbour the _Triumph_ struck upon a Rock, but
+receiv'd no Damage: This Entrance, called _Genlet_, is very dangerous on
+Account of the Number of Rocks which lie on each Side under Water,
+though the Harbour is certainly the best in _France_. The Mouth of the
+Harbour is defended by a strong Castle; the Town is well fortified, and
+has a Citadel for its farther Defence, which is of considerable
+Strength. In 1694 the _English_ attempted a Descent, but did not find
+their Market, for they were beat off with the Loss of their General, and
+a great many Men. From hence the _Triumph_ return'd to _Rochel_, and in
+a Month after our Voluntiers, who went on board the _Victoire_, took
+their Departure for _Martineco_ and _Guadalupe_; they met with nothing
+in their Voyage thither worth noting.
+
+I shall only observe, that Signior _Caraccioli_, who was as ambitious as
+he was irreligious, had, by this Time, made a perfect Deist of _Misson_,
+and thereby convinc'd him, that all Religion was no other than human
+Policy, and shew'd him that the Law of _Moses_ was no more than what
+were necessary, as well for the Preservation as the Governing of the
+People; for Instance, said he, the _African_ Negroes never heard of the
+Institution of Circumcision, which is said to be the Sign of the
+Covenant made between God and this People, and yet they circumcise their
+Children; doubtless for the same Reason the _Jews_ and other Nations do,
+who inhabit the Southern Climes, the Prepuce consolidating the perspired
+Matter, which is of a fatal Consequence. In short, he ran through all
+the Ceremonies of the _Jewish_, Christian and _Mahometan_ Religion, and
+convinced him these were, as might be observed by the Absurdity of many,
+far from being Indications of Men inspired; and that _Moses_, in his
+Account of the Creation, was guilty of known Blunders; and the Miracles,
+both in the New and Old Testament, inconsistent with Reason. That God
+had given us this Blessing, to make Use of for our present and future
+Happiness, and whatever was contrary to it, notwithstanding their School
+Distinctions of _contrary_ and _above_ Reason, must be false. This
+Reason teaches us, that there is a first Cause of all Things, an _Ens
+Entium_, which we call God, and our Reason will also suggest, that he
+must be eternal, and, as the Author of every Thing perfect, he must be
+infinitely perfect.
+
+If so, he can be subject to no Passions, and neither loves nor hates; he
+must be ever the fame, and cannot rashly do to Day what he shall repent
+to Morrow. He must be perfectly happy, consequently nothing can add to
+an eternal State of Tranquillity, and though it becomes us to adore him,
+yet can our Adorations neither augment, nor our Sins take from this
+Happiness.
+
+But his Arguments on this Head are too long, and too dangerous to
+translate; and as they are work'd up with great Subtlety, they may be
+pernicious to weak Men, who cannot discover their Fallacy; or, who
+finding 'em agreeable to their Inclinations, and would be glad to shake
+off the Yoke of the Christian Religion, which galls and curbs their
+Passions, would not give themselves the Trouble to examine them to the
+Bottom, but give into what pleases, glad of finding some Excuse to their
+Consciences. Though as his Opinion of a future State has nothing in it
+which impugns the Christian Religion, I shall set it down in few Words.
+
+That reasoning Faculty, says he, which we perceive within us, we call
+the Soul, but what that Soul is, is unknown to us. It may die with the
+Body, or it may survive. I am of Opinion its immortal; but to say that
+this Opinion is the Dictate of Reason, or only the Prejudice of
+Education, would, I own, puzzle me. If it is immortal, it must be an
+Emanation from the Divine Being, and consequently at its being separated
+from the Body, will return to its first Principle, if not contaminated.
+Now, my Reason tells me, if it is estranged from its first Principle,
+which is the Deity, all the Hells of Man's Invention can never yield
+Tortures adequate to such a Banishment.
+
+As he had privately held these Discourses among the Crew, he had gained
+a Number of Proselytes, who look'd upon him as a new Prophet risen up to
+reform the Abuses in Religion; and a great Number being _Rochellers_,
+and, as yet, tainted with _Calvinism_, his Doctrine was the more readily
+embrac'd. When he had experienced the Effects of his religious
+Arguments, he fell upon Government, and shew'd, that every Man was born
+free, and had as much Right to what would support him, as to the Air he
+respired. A contrary Way of arguing would be accusing the Deity with
+Cruelty and Injustice, for he brought into the World no Man to pass a
+Life of Penury, and to miserably want a necessary Support; that the vast
+Difference between Man and Man, the one wallowing in Luxury, and the
+other in the most pinching Necessity, was owing only to Avarice and
+Ambition on the one Hand, and a pusillanimous Subjection on the other;
+that at first no other than a Natural was known, a paternal Government,
+every Father was the Head, the Prince and Monarch of his Family, and
+Obedience to such was both just and easy, for a Father had a
+compassionate Tenderness for his Children; but Ambition creeping in by
+Degrees, the stronger Family set upon and enslaved the Weaker; and this
+additional Strength over-run a third, by every Conquest gathering Force
+to make others, and this was the first Foundation of Monarchy. Pride
+encreasing with Power, Man usurped the Prerogative of God, over his
+Creatures, that of depriving them of Life, which was a Privilege no one
+had over his own; for as he did not come into the World by his own
+Election, he ought to stay the determined Time of his Creator: That
+indeed, Death given in War, was by the Law of Nature allowable, because
+it is for the Preservation of our own Lives; but no Crime ought to be
+thus punished, nor indeed any War undertaken, but in Defence of our
+natural Right, which is such a Share of Earth as is necessary for our
+Support.
+
+These Topicks he often declaimed on, and very often advised with
+_Misson_ about the setting up for themselves; he was as ambitious as the
+other, and as resolute. _Caraccioli_ and _Misson_ were by this expert
+Mariners, and very capable of managing a Ship: _Caraccioli_ had founded
+a great many of the Men on this Subject, and found them very inclineable
+to listen to him. An Accident happen'd which gave _Caraccioli_ a fair
+Opportunity to put his Designs in Execution, and he laid Hold of it;
+they went off _Martinico_ on a Cruize, and met with the _Winchelsea_, an
+_English_ Man of War of 40 Guns, commanded by Captain _Jones_; they made
+for each other, and a very smart Engagement followed, the first
+Broadside killed the Captain, second Captain, and the three Lieutenants,
+on Board the _Victoire_ and left only the Master, who would have struck,
+but Misson took up the Sword, order'd _Caraccioli_ to act as Lieutenant,
+and encouraging the Men fought the Ship six Glasses, when by some
+Accident, the _Winchelsea_ blew up, and not a Man was saved but
+Lieutenant _Franklin_, whom the _French_ Boats took up, and he died in
+two Days. None ever knew before this Manuscript fell into my Hands how
+the _Winchelsea_ was lost; for her Head being driven ashore at
+_Antegoa_, and a great Storm having happend a few Days before her Head
+was found, it was concluded, that she founder'd in that Storm. After
+this Engagement, _Caraccioli_ came to Misson and saluted him Captain,
+and desired to know if he would chuse a momentary or a lasting Command,
+that he must now determine, for at his Return to _Martinico_ it would be
+too late; and he might depend upon the Ship he fought and saved being
+given to another, and they would think him well rewarded if made a
+Lieutenant, which Piece of Justice he doubted: That he had his Fortune
+in his Hands, which he might either keep or let go; if he made Choice of
+the latter, he must never again expect she would court him to accept her
+Favours: That he ought to let before his Eyes his Circumstances, as a
+younger Brother of a good Family, but nothing to support his Character;
+and the many Years he must serve at the Expence of his Blood before he
+could make any Figure in the World; and consider the wide Difference
+between the commanding and being commanded: That he might with the Ship
+he had under Foot, and the brave Fellows under Command, bid Defiance to
+the Power of _Europe_, enjoy every Thing he wish'd, reign Sovereign of
+the Southern Seas, and lawfully make War on all the World, since it
+would deprive him of that Liberty to which he had a Right by the Laws of
+Nature: That he might in Time, become as great as _Alexander_ was to the
+_Persians_; and by encreasing his Forces by his Captures, he would every
+Day strengthen the Justice of his Cause, for who has Power is always in
+the Right. That _Harry_ the Fourth and _Harry_ the Seventh, attempted
+and succeeded in their Enterprizes on the Crown of _England_, yet their
+Forces did not equal his. _Mahomet_ with a few Camel Drivers, founded
+the _Ottoman_ Empire and _Darius_, with no more than six or seven
+Companions got Possession on of that of _Persia_.
+
+In a Word he said so much that _Misson_ resolved to follow his Advice,
+and calling up all Hands, he told them, 'That a great Number of them had
+resolved with him upon a Life of Liberty, and had done him the Honour to
+create him Chief: That he designed to force no Man, and be guilty of
+that Injustice he blamed in others; therefore, if any were averse to the
+following his Fortune, which he promised should be the same to all, he
+desired they would declare themselves, and he would set them ashore,
+whence they might return with Conveniency;' having made an End, they one
+and all cryed, _Vive le Capitain_ Misson _et son Lieutenant le Seavant_
+Caraccioli, God bless Capt. _Misson_ and his learned Lieutenant
+_Caraccioli_. _Misson_ thanked them for the Honour they conferr'd upon
+him, and promised he would use the Power they gave for the publick Good
+only, and hoped, as they had the Bravery to assert their Liberty, they
+would be as unanimous in the preserving it, and stand by him in what
+should be found expedient for the Good of all; that he was their Friend
+and Companion, and should never exert his Power, or think himself other
+than their Comrade, but when the Necessity of Affairs should oblige him.
+
+They shouted a second Time, _vive le Capitain_; he, after this, desired
+they would chuse their subaltern Officers, and give them Power to
+consult and conclude upon what might be for the common Interest, and
+bind themselves down by an Oath to agree to what such Officers and he
+should determine: This they readily gave into. The School-Master they
+chose for second Lieutenant, _Jean Besace_ they nominated for third, and
+the Boatswain, and a Quarter-Master, named _Matthieu le Tondu_, with the
+Gunner, they desired might be their Representatives in Council.
+
+The Choice was approved, and that every Thing might pass methodically,
+and with general Approbation, they were called into the great Cabbin,
+and the Question put, what Course they should steer? The Captain
+proposed the _Spanish_ Coast as the most probable to afford them rich
+Prizes: This was agreed upon by all. The Boatswain then asked what
+Colours they should fight under, and advised Black as most terrifying;
+but _Caraccioli_ objected, that they were no Pyrates, but Men who were
+resolved to assert that Liberty which God and Nature gave them, and own
+no Subjection to any, farther than was for the common Good of all: That
+indeed, Obedience to Governors was necessary, when they knew and acted
+up to the Duty of their Function; were vigilant Guardians of the Peoples
+Rights and Liberties; saw that Justice was equally distributed; were
+Barriers against the Rich and Powerful, when they attempted to oppress
+the Weaker; when they suffered none of the one Hand to grow immensely
+rich, either by his own or his Ancestors Encroachments; nor on the
+other, any to be wretchedly miserable, either by falling into the Hands
+of Villains, unmerciful Creditors, or other Misfortunes. While he had
+Eyes impartial, and allowed nothing but Merit to distinguish between Man
+and Man; and instead of being a Burthen to the People by his luxurious
+life, he was by his Care for, and Protection of them, a real Father, and
+in every Thing acted with the equal and impartial Justice of a Parent:
+But when a Governor, who is the Minister of the People, thinks himself
+rais'd to this Dignity, that he may spend his Days in Pomp and Luxury,
+looking upon his Subjects as so many Slaves, created for his Use and
+Pleasure, and therefore leaves them and their Affairs to the
+immeasurable Avarice and Tyranny of some one whom he has chosen for his
+Favourite, when nothing but Oppression, Poverty, and all the Miseries of
+Life flow from such an Administration; that he lavishes away the Lives
+and Fortunes of the People, either to gratify his Ambition, or to
+support the Cause of some neighbouring Prince, that he may in Return,
+strengthen his Hands should his People exert themselves in Defence of
+their native Rights; or should he run into unnecessary Wars, by the rash
+and thoughtless Councils of his Favourite, and not able to make Head
+against the Enemy he has rashly or wantonly brought upon his Hands, and
+buy a Peace (which is the present Case of _France_, as every one knows,
+by supporting King _James_, and afterwards proclaiming his Son) and
+drain the Subject; should the Peoples Trade be wilfully neglected, for
+private Interests, and while their Ships of War lie idle in their
+Harbours, suffer their Vessels to be taken; and the Enemy not only
+intercepts all Commerce, but insults their Coasts: It speaks a generous
+and great Soul to shake off the Yoak; and if we cannot redress our
+Wrongs, withdraw from sharing the Miseries which meaner Spirits submit
+to, and scorn to yield to the Tyranny. Such Men are we, and, if the
+World, as Experience may convince us it will, makes War upon us, the Law
+of Nature empowers us not only to be on the defensive, but also on the
+offensive Part. As we then do not proceed upon the same Ground with
+Pyrates, who are Men of dissolute Lives and no Principles, let us scorn
+to take their Colours: Ours is a brave, a just, an innocent, and a noble
+Cause; the Cause of Liberty. I therefore advise a white Ensign, with
+Liberty painted in the Fly, and if you like the Motto, _a Deo a
+Libertate_, for God and Liberty, as an Emblem of our Uprightness and
+Resolution.
+
+The Cabbin Door was left open, and the Bulk Head which was of Canvas
+rowled up, the Steerage being full of Men, who lent an attentive Ear,
+they cried, _Liberty, Liberty; we are free Men_: Vive _the brave
+Captain_ Misson _and the noble Lieutenant_ Caraccioli. This short
+Council breaking up, every Thing belonging to the deceased Captain, and
+the other Officers, and Men lost in the Engagement, was brought upon
+Deck and over-hawled; the Money ordered to be put into a Chest, and the
+Carpenter to clap on a Padlock for, and give a Key to, every one of the
+Council: Misson telling them, all should be in common, and the
+particular Avarice of no one should defraud the Publick.
+
+When the Plate Monsieur _Fourbin_ had, was going to the Chest, the Men
+unanimously cried out avast, keep that out for the Captain's Use, as a
+Present from his Officers and Fore-mast Men. _Misson_ thanked them, the
+Plate was returned to the great Cabbin, and the Chest secured according
+to Orders: Misson then ordered his Lieutenants and other Officers to
+examine who among the Men, were in most Want of Cloaths, and to
+distribute those of the dead Men impartially, which was done with a
+general Content and Applause of the whole Crew: All but the wounded
+being upon Deck. _Misson_ from the Baracade, spoke to the following
+Purpose, 'That since they had unanimously resolved to seize upon and
+defend their Liberty, which ambitious Men had usurped, and that this
+could not be esteemed by impartial Judges other than a just and brave
+Resolution, he was under an Obligation to recommend to them a brotherly
+Love to each other; the Banishment of all private Piques and Grudges,
+and a swift Agreement and Harmony among themselves: That in throwing off
+the Yoak of Tyranny of which the Action spoke an Abhorrence, he hoped
+none would follow the Example of Tyrants, and turn his Back upon
+Justice; for when Equity was trodden under Foot, Misery, Confusion, and
+mutual Distrust naturally followed.'--He also advised them to remember
+there was a Supream; the Adoration of which, Reason and Gratitude
+prompted us, and our own Interests would engage us (as it is best to be
+of the surest Side, and after-Life was allowed possible) to
+conciliate.--That he was satisfied Men who were born and bred in
+Slavery, by which their Spirits were broke, and were incapable of so
+generous a Way of thinking, who, ignorant of their Birth-Right, and the
+Sweets of Liberty, dance to the Musick of their Chains, which was,
+indeed, the greater Part of the Inhabitants of the Globe, would brand
+this generous Crew with the insidious Name of Pyrates, and think it
+meritorious, to be instrumental in their Destruction.--Self-Preservation
+therefore, and not a cruel Disposition, obliged him to declare War
+against all such as should refuse him the Entry of their Ports, and
+against all, who should not immediately surrender and give up what their
+Necessities required; but in a more particular Manner against all
+_European_ Ships and Vessels, as concluded implacable Enemies. _And I do
+now,_ said he, _declare such War, and, at the same time, recommend to
+you my Comrades a humane and generous Behaviour towards your Prisoners;
+which will appear by so much more the Effects of a noble Soul, as we are
+satisfied we should not meet the same Treatment should our ill Fortune,
+or more properly our Disunion, or want of Courage, give us up to their
+Mercy._
+
+After this, he required a Muster should be made, and there were able
+Hands two Hundred, and thirty five sick and wounded; as they were
+muster'd they were sworn. After Affairs were thus settled, they shaped
+their Course the _Spanish West-Indies,_ but resolved, in the Way, to
+take a Week or ten Days Cruize in the Windward Passage from _Jamaica,_
+because most Merchant Men, which were good Sailors and did not slay for
+Convoy, took this as the shorter Cut for _England._
+
+Off St. _Christophers_ they took an _English_ Sloop becalmed, with their
+Boats; they took out of her a couple of Puncheons of Rum, and half a
+dozen Hogsheads of Sugar (she was a _New England_ Sloop, bound for
+_Boston_) and without offering the least Violence to the Men, or
+stripping them, they let her go. The Master of the Sloop was _Thomas
+Butler,_ who owned, he never met with so candid an Enemy as the _French_
+Man of War, which took him the Day he left St. _Christophers;_ they met
+with no other Booty in their Way, till they came upon their Station,
+when after three Days, they saw a Sloop which had the Impudence to give
+them Chace; Captain _Misson_ asked what could be the Meaning that the
+Sloop stood for them? One of the Men, who was acquainted with the
+_West-Indies,_ told him, it was a _Jamaica_ Privateer, and he should not
+wonder, if he clapp'd him aboard. I am, said he, no Stranger to their
+Way of working, and this despicable Fellow, as those who don't know a
+_Jamaica_ Privateer may think him, it is ten to one will give you some
+Trouble. It now grows towards Evening, and you'll find as soon as he has
+discovered your Force, he'll keep out of the Reach of your Guns till the
+12 a-Clock Watch is changed at Night, and he'll then attempt to clap you
+aboard, with Hopes to carry you in the Hurry: Wherefore Captain, if you
+will give me Leave to advise you, let every Man have his small Arms; and
+at twelve, let the Bell ring as usual; and rather more Noise than
+ordinary be made, as if the one Watch was turning in, and the other out,
+in a Confusion and Hurry, and I'll engage he will venture to enter his
+Men. The Fellow's Advice was approved and resolved upon, and the Sloop
+work'd, as he said she would, for upon coming near enough to make
+distinctly the Force of the _Victoire_, on her throwing out _French_
+Colours, she, the Sloop, clapp'd upon a Wind, the _Victoire_ gave Chace,
+but without Hopes of gaining upon her; she went so well to Windward,
+that she cou'd spare the Ship some Points in her Sheet, and yet wrong
+her: At Dusk of the Even, the _French_ had lost Sight of her, but about
+Eleven at Night, they saw her hankering up their Windward Bow, which
+confirmed the Sailors Opinion, that she would attempt to board them, as
+she did at the pretended Change of the Watch; there being little or no
+Wind, she lashed to the Bow-Sprit of the _Victoire_ and enter'd her Men,
+who were very quietly taken, as they enter'd and tumbled down the
+Forehatch, where they were received by others, and bound without Noise,
+not one of the Privateers killed, few hurt, and only one _Frenchman_
+wounded. The _Victoire_ the better Part of the Sloop's Men secured, they
+boarded in their Turn, when the Privateer's suspecting some Stratagem,
+were endeavouring to cut their Lashing and get off:
+
+Thus the Englishman caught a Tartar. The Prisoners being all secured,
+the Captain charged his Men not to discover, thro' a Desire of
+augmenting their Number, the Account they were upon.
+
+The next Morning Monsieur _Misson_ called for the Captain of the
+Privateer, he told him, he could not but allow him a brave Fellow, to
+venture upon a Ship of his Countenance, and for that Reason he should
+meet Treatment which Men of his Profession seldom afforded the Prisoners
+they made. He asked him how long he had been out, what was his Name, and
+what he had on Board? He answered he was but just come out, that he was
+the first Sail he had met with, and should have thought himself
+altogether as lucky not to have spoke with him' that his Name was _Harry
+Ramsey_, and what he had on Board were Rags, Powder, Ball, and some few
+half Anchors of Rum. _Ramsey_ was ordered into the Gun-Room, and a
+Council being held in the publick Manner aforesaid, the Bulk Head of the
+great Cabbin rowled up. On their Conclusion, the Captain of the
+Privateer was called in again, when Captain _Misson_ told him, he would
+return him his Sloop, and restore him and his Men to their Liberty,
+without stripping or plundering of any Thing, but what Prudence obliged
+him to, their Ammunition and Small-Arms, if he would give him his Word
+and Honour, and his Men to take an Oath, not to go out on the Privateer
+Account in six Months after they left him: That he did not design to
+continue that Station above a Week longer, at the Expiration of which
+Time he would let them go.
+
+_Ramsey_, who had a new Sloop, did not expect this Favour, which he
+thanked him for, and promised punctually to comply with the Injunction,
+which his Men as readily swore to, tho' they had no Design to keep the
+Oath. The Time being expired, he and his Men were put on Board their own
+Sloop. At going over the Ship's Side _Ramsey_ begg'd Monsieur _Misson_
+would allow him Powder for a salute, by way of Thanks; but he answered
+him, the Ceremony was needless, and he expected no other Return than
+that of keeping his Word, which indeed _Ramsey_ did. Some of his Men had
+found it more to their Advantage to have been as religious.
+
+At parting Ramsey gave the Ship three Chears, and _Misson_ had the
+Complaisance to return one, which _Ramsey_ answering with three more,
+made the best of his Way for _Jamaica_, and at the East End of the
+Island met with the _Diana_, who, upon Advice, turn'd back.
+
+The _Victoire_ steer'd for _Carthagene_, off which Port they cruised
+some Days, but meeting with nothing in the Seas, they made for _Porto
+Bello_; in their Way they met with two _Dutch_ Traders, who had Letters
+of Mart, and were just come upon the Coast, the one had 20, the other 24
+Guns; _Misson_ engaged them, and they defended themselves with a great
+Deal of Resolution and Gallantry; and as they were mann'd a Peak, he
+darst not venture to board either of them, for fear of being at the same
+Time boarded by the other. His Weight of Mettal gave him a great
+Advantage over the _Dutch_, though they were two to one; besides, their
+Business, as they had Cargoes, was to get off, if possible, wherefore
+they made a running Fight, though they took Care to stick close to one
+another.
+
+They maintained the Fight for above six Hours, when _Misson_, enraged at
+this Obstinacy, and fearing, if by Accident they should bring a Mast, or
+Top-Mast, by the board, they would get from him. He was resolved to sink
+the larger Ship of the two, and accordingly ordered his Men to bring all
+their Guns to bear a Midship, then running close along Side of him, to
+raise their Mettal; his Orders being punctually obey'd, he pour'd in a
+Broad Side, which open'd such a Gap in the _Dutch_ Ship, that she went
+directly to the Bottom, and every Man perish'd.
+
+He then mann'd his Bowsprit, brought his Sprit-sail Yard fore and aft,
+and resolved to board the other, which the _Dutch_ perceiving, and
+terrified with the unhappy Fate of their Comrade, thought a farther
+Resistance vain, and immediately struck. _Misson_ gave them good
+Quarters, though he was enraged at the Loss of 13 Men killed outright,
+beside 9 wounded, of which 6 died. They found on board a great Quantity
+of Gold and Silver Lace, brocade Silks, Silk Stockings, Bails of
+Broad-Cloath, bazes of all Colours, and _Osnabrughs_.
+
+A Consultation being held, it was resolved Captain _Misson_ should take
+the Name of _Fourbin_, and returning to _Carthagene_, dispose of his
+Prize, and set his Prisoners ashoar. Accordingly they ply'd to the
+Eastward, and came to an Anchor between _Boca Chieca_ Fort, and the
+Town, for they did not think it expedient to enter the Harbour. The
+Barge was manned, and _Caraccioli_, with the Name of _D'Aubigny_, the
+first lieutenant, who was killed in the Engagement with the
+_Winchelsea_, and his Commission in his Pocket, went ashore with a
+Letter to the Governor, sign'd _Fourbin_, whose Character, for fear of
+the worst, was exactly counterfeited. The Purport of his Letter was,
+that having discretionary Orders to cruize for three Months, and hearing
+the _English_ infested his Coast, he was come in search of 'em, and had
+met two _Dutch_ Men, one of which he had sunk, the other he made Prize
+of. That his limited Time being near expired, he should be obliged to
+his Excellency, if he would send on board him such Merchants as were
+willing to take the Ship and Cargoe off his Hands, of which he had lent
+the _Dutch_ Invoice. Don _Joseph de la Zerda_, the then Governor,
+received the Lieutenant (who sent back the Barge at landing) very
+civilly, and agreed to take the Prisoners ashoar, and do every Thing was
+required of him; and ordering fresh Provisions and Sallading to be got
+ready as a Present for the Captain, he sent for some Merchants who were
+very ready to go on board, and agree for the Ship and Goods; which they
+did, for two and fifty thousand Pieces of Eight. The next Day the
+Prisoners were set ashoar; a rich Piece of Brocade which was reserv'd,
+sent to the Governor for a Present, a Quantity of fresh Provision bought
+and brought on board, the Money paid by the Merchants, the Ship and
+Goods deliver'd, and the _Victoire_, at the Dawn of the following Day,
+got under Sail. It may be wonder'd how such Dispatch could be made, but
+the Reader must take Notice, these Goods were sold by the _Dutch_
+Invoice, which the Merchant of the Prize affirmed was genuine. I shall
+observe, by the by, that the _Victoire_ was the _French_ Man of War
+which Admiral _Wager_ sent the _Kingston_ in search of, and being
+afterwards falsly inform'd, that she was join'd by another of seventy
+Guns; and that they cruiz'd together between the Capes, order'd the
+_Severn_ up to Windward, to assist the _Kingston_, which had like to
+have prov'd very fatal; for these two _English_ Men of War, commanded by
+Captain _Trevor_ and Captain _Padnor_, meeting in the Night, had
+prepared to engage, each taking the other for the Enemy. The
+_Kingston's_ Men not having a good Look-out, which must be attributed to
+the Negligence of the Officer of the Watch, did not see the _Severn_
+till she was just upon them; but, by good Luck, to Leeward, and plying
+up, with all the Sail she could crowd, and a clear Ship. This put the
+_Kingston_ in such Confusion, that when the _Severn_ hal'd, no answer
+was retun'd, for none heard her. She was got under the _Kingston's_
+Stern, and Captain _Padnor_ ordered to hale for the third and last Time,
+and if no answer was return'd, to give her a Broadside. The Noise
+onboard the _Kingston_ was now a little ceas'd, and Captain Trevor, who
+was on the poop with a speaking Trumpet to hale the _Severn_, by good
+Luck heard her hale him, answering the _Kingston_, and asking the Name
+of the other ship, prevented the Damage.
+
+They cruised together some time, and meeting nothing which answer'd
+their Information, return'd to _Jamaica_, as I shall to my Subject,
+begging Pardon for this, as I thought, necessary Digression.
+
+Don _Juan de la Zevda_ told the Captain in a Letter, that the St.
+_Joseph_, a Gallion of seventy Guns, was then lying at _Port a Bello_,
+and should be glad he could keep her Company till she was off the Coast.
+That she would sail in eight or ten Days for the _Havana_; and that, if
+his Time would permit him, he would send an Advice-Boat. That she had on
+board the Value of 800,000 Pieces of Eight in Silver and Bar Gold.
+_Misson_ return'd Answer, that he believ'd he should be excus'd if he
+stretched his Orders, for a few Days; and that he would cruize off the
+Isle of _Pearls_, and Cape _Gratias a Dios_, and give for Signal to the
+Gallion, his spreading a white Ensign in his Fore-Top-Mast Shrouds, the
+cluing up his Fore-sail, and the firing one Gun to Windward, and two to
+Leeward, which he should answer by letting run and hoisting his
+Fore-Top-Sail three times, and the firing as many Guns to Leeward. Don
+_Joseph_, extreamly pleased with this Complaisance, sent a Boat express
+to advise the St. _Joseph_, but she was already sailed two Days,
+contrary to the Governor of _Carthagene's_ Expectation, and, this Advice
+Captain _Misson_ had from the Boat, which returning with an Answer, saw
+the _Victoire_ in the Offin, and spoke to her. It was then resolved to
+follow the _St. Joseph_, and accordingly they steer'd for the _Havanna_,
+but by what Accident they did not overtake her is unknown.
+
+I forgot to tell my Reader, on Board the _Dutch_ Ship were fourteen
+_French_ Hugonots, whom _Misson_ thought fit to detain, when they were
+at Sea. _Misson_ called 'em up, and proposed to 'em their taking on;
+telling them at the same Time, he left it to their Choice, for he would
+have no forc'd Men; and that if they all, or any of them, disapproved
+the Proposal, he would either give 'em the first Vessel he met that was
+fit for 'em, or set 'em ashoar on some inhabited Coast; and therefore
+bid 'em take two Days for Consideration before they returned an Answer;
+and, to encourage 'em, he called all Hands up, and declar'd, that if any
+Man repented him of the Course of Life he had chosen, his just Dividend
+should be counted to him, and he would set him on Shoar, either near the
+_Havanna_, or some other convenient Place; but not one accepted the
+Offer, and the fourteen Prisoners unanimously resolved to join in with
+'em; to which Resolution, no doubt, the Hopes of a good Booty from the
+_St. Joseph_, and this Offer of Liberty greatly contributed.
+
+At the Entrance of the Gulph they spied and came with a large Merchant
+Ship bound for _London_ from _Jamaica_; she had 20 Guns, but no more
+than 32 Hands, that its not to be wonder'd at she made no Resistance,
+besides, she was deep laden with Sugars. Monsieur _Misson_ took out of
+her what Ammunition she had, about four thousand Pieces of Eight, some
+Puncheons of Rum, and ten Hogsheads of Sugar; and, without doing her any
+further Damage, let her proceed her Voyage. What he valued most in this
+Prize was the Men he got, for she was carrying to _Europe_ twelve
+_French_ Prisoners, two of which were necessary Hands, being a Carpenter
+and his Mate. They were of _Bourdeaux_, from whence they came with the
+_Pomechatraine_, which was taken by the _Maremaid_ off _Petit Guavers_,
+after an obstinate Resistance, in which they lost forty Men; but they
+were of Opinion the _Maremaid_ could not have taken 'em, having but four
+Guns less than she had, which was made amends for, by their having about
+thirty Hands. On the contrary, had not the _Guernsey_ come up, they
+thought of boarding and carrying the _Maremaid_. These Men very
+willingly came into Captain _Misson's_ Measures.
+
+These Men, who had been stripp'd to the Skin, begg'd Leave to make
+Reprisals, but the Captain would not suffer them, though he told the
+Master of the Prize, as he protected him and his Men, he thought it
+reasonable these _French_ should be cloathed: Upon this the Master
+contributed of his own, and every Man bringing up his Chest, thought
+themselves very well off in sharing with them one half.
+
+Though _Misson's_ Ship pass'd for a _French_ Man of War, yet his
+Generosity in letting the Prize go, gave the _English_ Grounds to
+suspect the Truth, neither the Ship nor Cargoe being of Use to such as
+were upon the grand Account.
+
+When they had lost all Hopes of the St. _Joseph_, they coasted along the
+North-Side of _Cuba_, and the _Victoire_ growing now foul, they ran into
+a Landlock'd Bay on the East North-East Point, where they hove her down
+by Boats and Guns, though they could not pretend to heave her Keel out;
+however, they scraped and tallowed as far as they could go; they, for
+this Reason, many of them repented they had let the last Prize go, by
+which they might have careened.
+
+When they had righted the Ship, and put every Thing on Board, they
+consulted upon the Course they should steer. Upon this the Council
+divided. The Captain and _Caraccioli_ were for stretching over to the
+_African_, and the others for the _New-England_ Coast, alledging, that
+the Ship had a foul Bottom, and was not fit for the Voyage; and that if
+they met with contrary Winds, and bad Weather, their Stock of Provision
+might fall short; and that as they were not far from the _English_
+Settlement of _Carolina_, they might either on that or the Coast of
+_Virginia, Maryland, Pensylvania, New-York_, or _New-England_, intercept
+ships which traded to the Islands with Provisions, and by that Means
+provide themselves with Bread, Flower, and other Necessaries. An Account
+of the Provisions were taken, and finding they had Provisions for four
+Months. Captain _Misson_ called all Hands upon Deck, and told them, as
+the Council differed in the Course they should steer, he thought it
+reasonable to have it put to the Vote of the whole Company. That for his
+Part, he was for going to the Coast of _Guiney_, where they might
+reasonably expect to meet with valuable Prizes; but should they fail in
+their Expectation one Way, they would be sure of having it answered
+another; for they could then throw themselves in that of the
+_East-India_ Ships, and he need not tell them, that the outward bound
+dreined _Europe_ of what Money they drew from America. He then gave the
+Sentiments of those who were against him, and their Reasons, and begg'd
+that every one would give his Opinion and Vote according as he thought
+most conducive to the Good of all. That he should be far from taking it
+ill if they should reject what he had proposed, since he had no private
+Views to serve. The Majority of Votes fell on the Captain's Side, and
+they accordingly shaped their Course for the Coast of Guiney, in which
+Voyage nothing remarkable happened. On their Arrival on the Gold-Coast,
+they fell in with the _Nieuwstadt_ of _Amsterdam_, a Ship of 18 Guns,
+commanded by Capt. _Blacs_, who made a running Fight of five Glasses:
+This Ship they kept with them, putting on Board 40 Hands, and bringing
+all the Prisoners on Board the _Victoire_, they were Forty three in
+Number, they left _Amsterdam_ with Fifty six, seven were killed in the
+Engagement, and they had lost six by Sickness and Accidents, one falling
+overboard, and one being taken by a Shark going overboard in a Calm.
+
+The _Nieuwstadt_ had some Gold-Dust on Board, to the Value of about 2000
+l. Sterling, and a few Slaves to the Number of Seventeen, for she had
+but begun to Trade; the Slaves were a strengthening of their Hands, for
+the Captain order'd them to be cloathed out of Dutch Mariners Chests,
+and told his Men, 'That the Trading for those of our own Species, cou'd
+never be agreeable to the Eyes of divine Justice: That no Man had Power
+or the Liberty of another; and while those who profess'd a more
+enlightened Knowledge of the Deity, sold Men like Beasts; they prov'd
+that their Religion was no more than Grimace, and that they differ'd
+from the _Barbarians_ in Name only, since their Practice was in nothing
+more humane: For his Part, and he hop'd, he spoke the Sentiments of all
+his brave Companions, he had not exempted his Neck from the galling Yoak
+of Slavery, and asserted his own Liberty, to enslave others. That
+however, these Men were distinguish'd from the _Europeans_ by their
+Colour, Customs, or religious Rites, they were the Work of the same
+omnipotent Being, and endued with equal Reason: Wherefore, he desired
+they might be treated like Freemen (for he wou'd banish even the Name of
+Slavery from among them)' and divided into Messes among them, to the End
+they might the sooner learn their Language, be sensible of the
+Obligation they had to them, and more capable and zealous to defend that
+Liberty they owed to their Justice and Humanity.
+
+This Speech of _Misson_'s was received with general Applause, and the
+Ship rang with _vive le Capitain_ Misson. Long live Capt. _Misson_.--The
+Negroes were divided among the _French_, one to a Mess, who, by their
+Gesticulations, shew'd they were gratefully sensible of their being
+delivered from their Chains. Their Ship growing very foul, and going
+heavily through the Water, they run into the River of _Lagoa_, where
+they hove her down, taking out such Planks as had suffer'd most by the
+Worms, and substituting new in their Room.
+
+After this they careened the Prize, and so put out to Sea, steering to
+the Southward, and keeping along the Coast, but met with Nothing. All
+this while, the greatest Decorum and Regularity was observed on Board
+the _Victoire_; but the _Dutch_ Prisoners Example began to lead 'em into
+Swearing and Drunkenness, which the Captain remarking, thought it was
+best to nip these Vices in the Bud; and calling both the _French_ and
+_Dutch_ upon Deck, he address'd himself to the former, desiring their
+Captain, who spoke French excellently well, to interpret what he said to
+those who did not understand him. He told them, 'before he had the
+Misfortune of having them on Board, his Ears were never grated with
+hearing the Name of the great Creator prophaned, tho' he, to his Sorrow,
+had often since heard his own Men guilty of that Sin, which administer'd
+neither Profit nor Pleasure, and might draw upon them a severe
+Punishment: That if they had a just Idea of that great Being, they wou'd
+never mention him, but they wou'd immediately reflect on his Purity and
+their own Vileness. That we so easily took Impression from our Company,
+that the _Spanish_ Proverb says, _let a Hermit and a Thief live
+together, the Thief wou'd become Hermit, or the Hermit Thief_: That he
+saw this verified in his Ship, for he cou'd attribute the Oaths and
+Curses he had heard among his brave Companions, to nothing but the
+odious Example of the _Dutch_: That this was not the only Vice they had
+introduced, for before they were on Board, his Men were Men, but he
+found by their beastly Pattern they were degenerated into Brutes, by
+drowning that only Faculty, which distinguishes between Man and Beast,
+_Reason_. That as he had the Honour to command them, he could not see
+them run into these odious Vices without, a sincere Concern, as he had a
+paternal Affection for them; and he should reproach himself as
+neglectful of the common Good, if he did not admonish them; and as by
+the Post which they had honour'd him, he was obliged to have a watchful
+Eye over their general Interest; he was obliged to tell them his
+Sentiments were, that the _Dutch_ allured them to a dissolute Way of
+Life, that they might take some Advantage over them: Wherefore, as his
+brave Companions, he was assured, wou'd be guided by Reason, he gave the
+_Dutch_ Notice, that the first whom he catch'd either with an Oath in
+his Mouth or Liquor in his Head, should be brought to the Geers, whipped
+and pickled, for an Example to the rest of his Nation: As to his
+Friends, his Companions, his Children, those gallant, those generous,
+noble, and heroick Souls he had the Honour to command, he entreated them
+to allow a small Time for Reflection, and to consider how little
+Pleasure sure, and how much Danger, might flow from imitating the Vices
+of their Enemies; and that they would among themselves, make a Law for
+the Suppression of what would otherwise estrange them from the Source of
+Life, and consequently leave them destitute of his Protection.'
+
+It is not to be imagined what Efficacy this Speech had on both Nations:
+The _Dutch_ grew continent in Fear of Punishment, and the _French_ in
+Fear of being reproach'd by their good Captain, for they never mentioned
+him without this Epithet. Upon the Coast of _Angola_, they met with a
+second Dutch Ship, the Cargo of which consisted of Silk and Woolen
+Stuffs, Cloath, Lace, Wine, Brandy, Oyl, Spice, and hard Ware; the Prize
+gave Chase and engaged her, but upon the coming up of the _Victoire_ she
+struck. This Ship opportunely came in their Way, and gave full Employ to
+the Taylors, who were on Board, for the whole Crew began to be out at
+Elbows: They plundered her of what was of Use to their own Ship, and
+then sunk her.
+
+The Captain having about ninety Prisoners on Board, proposed the giving
+them the Prize, with what was necessary for their Voyage, and sending
+them away; which being agreed to, they shifted her Ammunition on Board
+the _Victoire_, and giving them Provision to carry them to the
+Settlements the Dutch have on the Coast, _Misson_ called them up, told
+them what was his Design, and ask'd if any of them was willing to share
+his Fortune: Eleven _Dutch_ came into him, two of which were
+Sail-makers, one an Armourer, and one a Carpenter, necessary Hands; the
+rest he let go, not a little surprised at the Regularity, Tranquillity,
+and Humanity, which they found among these new fashioned Pyrates.
+
+They had now run the Length of _Soldinia_ Bay about ten Leagues to the
+Northward of _Table_ Bay. As here is good Water, safe Riding, plenty of
+Fish and fresh Provision, to be got of the Natives for the Merchandize
+they had on Board, it was resolved to stay here some little Time for
+Refreshments. When they had the Bay open, they spied a tall Ship, which
+instantly got under sail, and hove out _English_ Colours. The _Victoire_
+made a clear Ship, and hove out her _French_ Ensign, and a smart
+Engagement began. _The English_ was a new Ship built for 40 Guns, though
+she had but 32 mounted, and 90 Hands. _Misson_ gave Orders for boarding,
+and his Number of fresh Men he constantly poured in, after an obstinate
+Dispute obliged the _English_ to fly the Decks, and leave the _French_
+Masters of their Ship, who promised, and gave them, good Quarters, and
+stripp'd not a Man.
+
+They found on Board the Prize some Bales of _English_ Broad-Cloath, and
+about 60000 l. in _English_ Crown Pieces, and _Spanish_ Pieces of Eight.
+The _English_ Captain was killed in the Engagement, and 14 of his Men:
+The _French_ lost 12, which was no small Mortification, but did not,
+however provoke them to use their Prisoners harshly. Captain _Misson_
+was sorry for the Death of the Commander, whom he buried on the Shoar,
+and one of his Men being a Stone-Cutter, he raised a Stone over his
+Grave with these Words, _Icy gist un brave Anglois_, Here lies a gallant
+_English_ Man; when he was buried he made a tripple Discharge of 50
+small Arms, and fired Minute Guns.
+
+The _English_, knowing whose Hands they were fallen into, charm'd with
+_Misson_'s Humanity, 30 of them, in 3 Days Space, desired to take on
+with him. He accepted 'em, but at the same Time gave 'em to understand,
+that in taking on with him they were not to expect they should be
+indulged in a dissolute and immoral Life. He now divided his Company
+between the two Ships, and made _Caraccioli_ Captain of the Prize,
+giving him Officers chosen by the publick Suffrage. The 17 Negroes began
+to understand a little _French_, and to be useful Hands, and in less
+than a Month all the _English_ Prisoners came over to him, except their
+Officers.
+
+He had two Ships well mann'd with resolute Fellows; they now doubled the
+Cape, and made the South End of _Madagascar_, and one of the _English_
+Men telling Captain _Misson_, that the _European_ Ships bound for
+_Surat_ commonly touch'd at the Island of _Johanna_, he sent for Captain
+_Caracciola_ on Board, and it was agreed to cruise off that Island. They
+accordingly sailed on the West-Side of _Madagascar_ and off the Bay _de
+Diego_. About half Seas over between that Bay and the Island of
+_Johanna_, they came up with an _English East-India_ Man, which made
+Signals of Distress as soon as she spy'd _Misson_ and his Prize; they
+found her sinking by an unexpected Leak, and took all her Men on Board,
+though they could get little out of her before she went down. The
+_English_, who were thus miraculously saved from perishing, desired to
+be set on Shoar at _Johanna_, where they hop'd to meet with either a
+_Dutch_ or _English_ Ship in a little Time, and the mean while they were
+sure of Relief.
+
+They arrived at Johanna, and were kindly received by the Queen-Regent
+and her Brother, on account of the _English_ on the one Hand, and of
+their  Strength on the other, which the Queen's Brother, who had the
+Administration of Affairs, was not able to make Head against, and hoped
+they might assist him against the King of _Mohila_, who threaten'd him
+with a Visit.
+
+This is an Island which is contiguous, in a manner, to _Johanna_, and
+lies about N. W. and by N. from it. _Caraccioli_ told _Misson_ he might
+make his Advantage in widening the Breach between these two little
+Monarchies, and, by offering his Assistance to that of _Johanna_, in a
+manner rule both, For these would count him as their Protector, and
+those come to any Terms to buy his Friendship, by which Means he would
+hold the Ballance of Power between them. He followed this Advice, and
+offered his Friendship and Assistance to the Queen, who very readily
+embraced it.
+
+I must advise the Reader, that many of this Island speak _English_, and
+that the _English_ Men who were of _Misson's_ Crew, and his
+Interpreters, told them, their Captain, though not an _Englishman_, was
+their Friend and Ally, and a Friend and Brother to the _Johanna_ Men,
+for they esteem the _English_ beyond all other Nations.
+
+They were supplied by the Queen with all Necessaries of Life, and
+_Misson_ married her Sister, as _Caraccioli_ did the Daughter of her
+Brother, whose Armory, which consisted before of no more than two rusty
+Fire-Locks, and three Pistols, he furnish'd with thirty Fuzils, as many
+Pair of Pistols, and gave him two Barrels of Powder, and four of Ball.
+
+Several of his Men took Wives, and some requited their Share of the
+Prizes, which was justly given them, they designing to settle in this
+Island, but the Number of these did not exceed ten, which Loss was
+repaired by thirty of the Crew (they had saved from perishing) coming in
+to him.
+
+While they past their Time in all manner of Diversions the Place would
+afford them, as hunting, feasting, and visiting the Island, the King of
+_Mohila_ made a Descent, and alarm'd the whole Country. _Misson_ advised
+the Queen's Brother not to give him any Impediment, but let him get into
+the Heart of the Island, and he would take Care to intercept their
+Return; but the Prince answered, should he follow his Advice the Enemy
+would do him and the Subjects an irreparable Damage, in destroying the
+Cocoa Walks, and for that Reason he must endeavour to stop his Progress.
+Upon this Answer he asked the _English_ who were not under his Command,
+if they were willing to join him in repelling the Enemies of their
+common Host, and one and all consenting, he gave them Arms, and mixed
+them with his own Men, and about the same Number of _Johannians_, under
+the Command of _Caraccioli_ and the Queen's Brother, and arming out all
+his Boats, he went himself to the Westward of the Island, where they
+made their Descent. The Party which went by Land, fell in with, and beat
+the _Mohilians_ with great Ease, who were in the greatest Consternation,
+to find their Retreat cut off by _Misson_'s Boats. The _Johannians_,
+whom they had often molested, were so enraged, that they gave Quarter to
+none, and out of 300 who made the Descent, if _Misson_ and _Caraccioli_
+had not interposed, not a Soul had escaped; 113 were taken Prisoners by
+his Men, and carried on Board his Ships. These he sent fate to _Mohila_,
+with a Message to the King, to desire he would make Peace with his
+Friend and Ally the King of _Johanna_; but that Prince, little affected
+with the Service done him in the Preservation of his Subjects, sent him
+Word he took Laws from none, and knew when to make War and Peace without
+his Advice, which he neither asked nor wanted. _Misson_, irritated by
+this rude Answer, resolved to transfer the War into his own Country, and
+accordingly set sail for _Mohila_, with about 100 _Johanna_ Men. The
+Shoar, on Sight of the Ships, was filled with Men to hinder a Descent if
+intended, but the great Guns soon dispersed this Rabble, and under their
+Cover he landed the _Johannians_, and an equal Number of _French_ and
+_English_. They were met by about 700 _Mohilians_, who pretended to stop
+their Passage, but their Darts and Arrows were of little avail against
+_Misson_'s Fuzils; the first Discharge made a great Slaughter, and about
+20 Shells which were thrown among them, put them to a confus'd Flight.
+The Party of _Europeans_ and _Johannians_ then marched to their
+Metropolis, without Resistance, which they reduced to Ashes, and the
+_Johannians_ cut down all the Cocoa Walks that they could for the Time,
+for towards Evening they returned to their Ships, and stood off to Sea.
+
+At their Return to _Johanna_ the Queen made a Festival, and magnified
+the Bravery and Service of her Guests, Friends, and Allies. This Feast
+lasted four Days, at the Expiration of which Time the Queen's Brother
+proposed to Captain _Misson_ the making another Descent, in which he
+would go in Person, and did not doubt subjecting the _Mohilians_; but
+this was not the Design of _Misson_, who had Thoughts of fixing a
+Retreat on the North West Side of _Madagascar_, and look'd upon the
+Feuds between these two Islands advantageous to his Views, and therefore
+no way his Interest to suffer the one to overcome the other; for while
+the Variance was kept up, and their Forces pretty much upon a Level, it
+was evident their Interest would make both Sides caress him; he
+therefore answer'd, that they ought to deliberate on the Consequences,
+for they might be deceived in their Hopes, and find the Conquest less
+easy than they imagined. That the King of _Mohilia_ would be more upon
+his Guard, and not only intrench himself, but gall them with frequent
+Ambuscades, by which they must inevitably lose a Number of Men; and, if
+they were forced to retire with Loss, raise the Courage of the
+_Mohilians_, and make them irreconcilable Enemies to the _Johannians_,
+and intirely deprive him of the Advantages with which he might now make
+a Peace, having twice defeated them: That he could not be always with
+them, and at his leaving _Johanna_ he might expect the King of _Mohilia_
+would endeavour to take a bloody Revenge for the late Damages. The Queen
+gave intirely into _Misson's_ Sentiments.
+
+While this was in Agitation four _Mohilians_ arrived as Ambassadors to
+propose a Peace. They finding the _Johannians_ upon high Terms, one of
+them spoke to this Purpose; O ye Johannians, _do not conclude from your
+late Success, that Fortune will be always favourable; she will not
+always give you the Protection of the_ Europeans, _and without their
+Help its possible you might now sue for a Peace, which you seem averse
+to. Remember the Sun rises, comes to its Meridian Height, and stays not
+there, but declines in a Moment. Let this admonish you to reflect on the
+constant Revolution of all sublunary Affairs, and the greater is your
+Glory, the nearer you are to your Declension. We are taught by every
+Thing we see, that there is no Stability in the World, but Nature is in
+continual Movement. The Sea, which o'er flows the Sands has its Bounds
+set, which it cannot pass, which the Moment it has reached, without
+abiding, returns back to the Bottom of the Deep. Every Herb, every Shrub
+and Tree, and even our own Bodies, teach us this Lesson, that nothing is
+durable, or can be counted upon. Time passes away insensibly, one Sun
+follows another, and brings its Changes with it. To-Day's Globe of Light
+sees you strengthened by these_ Europeans _elate with victory, and we,
+who have been used to conquer you, come to ask a Peace. To Morrow's Sun
+may see you deprived of your present Succours, and the_ Johannians
+_petitioning us; as therefore we cannot say what to Morrow may bring
+forth, it would be unwise on uncertain Hopes to forego a certain
+Advantage, as surely Peace ought to be esteem'd by every wise Man_.
+
+Having said this, the Ambassadors withdrew, and were treated by the
+Queen's Orders. After the Council had concluded, they were again call'd
+upon, and the Queen told them, that by the Advice of her good Friends,
+the _Europeans_, and those of her Council, she agreed to make a Peace,
+which she wish'd might banish all Memory of former Injuries That they
+must own the War was begun by them, and that she was far from being the
+Agressor; she only defended her self in her own Kingdom, which they had
+often invaded, though, till within few Days, she had never molested
+their Coasts. If then they really desired to live amicably with her,
+they must resolve to send two of the King's Children, and ten of the
+first Nobility, as Hostages, that they might, when they pleased, return,
+for that was the only Terms on which she would desist prosecuting the
+Advantages she now had, with the utmost Vigour.
+
+The Ambassadors returned with this Answer, and, about ten Days after,
+the two Ships appearing upon their Coasts, they sent off to give Notice,
+that their King comply'd with the Terms proposed, would send the
+Hostages, and desired a Cessation of all Hostility, and, at the same
+Time, invited the Commanders on Shoar. The _Johanna_ Men on Board
+disswaded their accepting the Invitation; but _Misson_ and _Caraccioli_,
+fearing nothing, went, but arm'd their Boat's Crew. They were received
+by the King with Demonstrations of Friendship, and they dined with him
+under a Tamerane Tree; but when they parted from him, and were returning
+to their Boats, they were inclosed by, at least, 100 of the _Mohilians_,
+who set upon them with the utmost Fury, and, in the first Flight of
+Arrows, wounded both the Captains, and killed four of their Boat's Crew
+of eight, who were with them; they, in return, discharged their Pistols
+with some Execution, and fell in with their Cutlasses; but all their
+Bravery would have stood them in little Stead, had not the Report of
+their Pistols alarm'd and brought the rest of their Friends to their
+Assistance, who took their Fuzils, and coming up while they were
+engaged, discharged a Volley on the Back of the Assailants, which laid
+twelve of them dead on the Spot. The Ships hearing this Fire, sent
+immediately the Yawls and Long-Boats well mann'd. Though the Islanders
+were a little damp'd in their Courage by this Fire of the Boats Crew,
+yet they did not give over the Fight, and one of them desperately threw
+himself upon _Caraccioli_, and gave him a deep Wound in his Side, with a
+long Knife, but he paid for the Rashness of the Attempt with his Life,
+one of the Crew cleaving his Skull. The Yawls and Long-Boats now
+arrived, and being guided by the Noise, reinforced their Companions, put
+the Traytors to Flight, and brought off their dead and wounded. The
+_Europeans_ lost by this Treachery seven slain outright, and eight
+wounded, six of which recovered.
+
+The Crew were resolved to revenge the Blood of their Officers and
+Comrades the next Day, and were accordingly on the Point of Landing,
+when two Canoes came off with two Men bound, the pretended Authors of
+this Treason, without the King's Knowledge, who had sent 'em that they
+might receive the Punishment due to their Villany. The _Johanna_ Men on
+Board were call'd for Interpreters, who having given this Account,
+added, that the King only sacrificed these Men, but that they should not
+believe him, for he certainly had given Orders for assassinating the
+_Europeans_; and the better Way was to kill all the _Mohilians_ that
+came in the Canoes as well as the two Prisoners; go back to _Johanna_,
+take more of their Countrymen, and give no Peace to Traytors; but
+_Misson_ was for no such violent Measures, he was averse to every Thing
+that bore the Face of Cruelty and thought a bloody Revenge, if Necessity
+did not enforce it, spoke a groveling and timid Soul; he, therefore,
+sent those of the Canoes back, and bid them tell their King, if before
+the Evening he sent the Hostages agreed upon, he should give Credit to
+his Excuse, but if he did not, he should believe him the Author of the
+late vile Attempt on his Life.
+
+The Canoes went off but returned not with an Answer, wherefore, he bid
+the _Johanna_ Men tell the two Prisoners that they should be set on
+Shore the next Morning, and order'd them to acquaint their King, he was
+no Executioner to put those to Death whom he had condemn'd, but that he
+should find, he knew how to revenge himself of his Treason. The
+Prisoners being unbound, threw themselves at his Feet, and begg'd that
+he would not send them ashore, for they should be surely put to Death,
+for the Crime they had committed, was, the dissuading the barbarous
+Action of which they were accused as Authors.
+
+Next Day the two Ships landed 200 Men, under the Cover of their Canon;
+but that Precaution of bringing their Ships close to the Shore they
+found needless; not a soul appearing, they march'd two Leagues up the
+Country, when they saw a Body of Men appear behind some Shrubs;
+_Caraccioli's_ Lieutenant, who commanded the right Wing, with fifty Men
+made up to them, but found he had got among Pit Falls artificially
+cover'd, several of his Men falling into them, which made him halt, and
+not pursue those _Mohilians_ who made a feint Retreat to ensnare him,
+thinking it dangerous to proceed farther; and seeing no Enemy would face
+them, they retired the same Way they came, and getting into their Boats,
+went on Board the Ships, resolving to return with a strong
+Reinforcement, and make Descents at one and the same Time in different
+Parts of the Island. They ask'd the two Prisoners how the Country lay,
+and what the Soil was on the North Side the Island; and they answer'd it
+was morass, and the most dangerous Part to attempt, it being a Place
+where they shelter on any imminent Danger.
+
+The Ships return'd to _Johanna_, where the greatest Tenderness and Care
+was shown for the Recovery and Cure of the two Captains and of their
+Men; they lay six Weeks before they were able to walk the Decks, for
+neither of them would quit his Ship. Their _Johanna_ Wives expressed a
+Concern they did not think them capable of, nay, a Wife of one of the
+wounded Men who died, stood some Time looking upon the Corpse as
+motionless as a Statue, then embracing it, without shedding a Tear,
+desired she might take it ashore to wash and bury it; and at the same
+Time, by an Interpreter, and with a little Mixture of _European_
+Language, she had, begg'd her late Husband's Friends would take their
+Leave of him the next Day.
+
+Accordingly a Number went ashore, and carried with them the Dividend,
+which fell to his Share, which the Captain order'd to be given his
+Widow; when she saw the Money, she smil'd, and ask'd if all, all that
+was for her? Being answered in the affirmative, and what Good will all
+that shining Dirt do me, if I could with it purchase the Life of my
+Husband, and call him back from the Grave, I would accept it with
+Pleasure, but as it is not sufficient to allure him back to this World,
+I have no Use for it; do with it what you please. Then she desired they
+would go with her and perform the last Ceremonies to her Husband's dead
+Body, after their Country Fashion, least he should be displeased, that
+she could not stay with them, to be a Witness, because she was in haste
+to go and be married again. She startled the _Europeans_ who heard this
+latter Part of her Speech so dissonant from the Beginning; however, they
+followed her, and she led them into a Plantane Walk, where they found a
+great many _Johanna_ Men and Women, sitting under the Shade of
+Plantanes, round the Corpse, which lay (as they all sate) on the Ground,
+covered with Flowers. She embraced them round, and then the _Europeans_,
+one by one, and after these Ceremonies, she poured out a Number of
+bitter Imprecations against the _Mohila_ Men, whose Treachery had
+darken'd her Husband's Eyes, and made him insensible of her Caresses,
+who was her first Love, to whom she had given her Heart, with her
+Virginity. She then proceeded in his Praises, calling him the Joy of
+Infants, the Love of Virgins, the Delight of the old, and the Wonder of
+the young, adding, he was strong and beautiful as the Cedar, brave as
+the Bull, tender as the Kid, and loving as the Ground Turtle; having
+finished this Oration, not unlike those of the _Romans_, which the
+nearest Relation of the deceas'd used to pronounce from the Rostrum, she
+laid her down by the Side of her Husband, embracing him, and sitting up
+again, gave herself a deep Wound under the left Breast with a Bayonet,
+and fell dead on her Husband's Corpse.
+
+The _Europeans_ were astonished at the Tenderness and Resolution of the
+Girl, for she was not, by what Her Mien spoke her, past seventeen; and
+they now admired, as much as they had secretly detested her, for saying
+she was in haste to be married again, the Meaning of which they did not
+understand.
+
+After the Husband and Wife were buried, the Crew return'd on Board, and
+gave an Account of what had pass'd; the Captains Wives (for _Misson_ and
+his were on Board the _Bijoux_, the Name they had given their Prize from
+her Make and Gilding) seem'd not in the least surprized, and
+_Caraccioli's_ Lady only said, she must be of noble Descent, for none
+but the Families of the Nobility had the Privilege allowed them of
+following their Husbands on pain, if they transgressed, of being thrown
+into the Sea, to be eat by Fish; and they knew, that their Souls could
+not rest as long as any of the Fish, who fed upon them, lived. _Misson_
+asked, if they intended to have done the same Thing had they died? We
+should not, answer'd his Wife, have disgraced our Families; nor is our
+Tenderness for our Husbands inferior to hers whom you seem to admire.
+
+After their Recovery, _Misson_ proposes a Cruize, on the Coast of
+_Zangueber_, which being agreed to, he and _Caraccioli_ took Leave of
+the Queen and her Brother, and would have left their Wives on the
+Island, but they could by no Means be induced to the Separation; it was
+in vain to urge the Shortness of the Time they were to Cruize; they
+answer'd it was farther than _Mohila_ they intended to go, and if they
+were miserable in that short Absence, they could never support a longer;
+and if they would not allow them to keep them Company the Voyage, they
+must not expect to see them at their Return, if they intended one.
+
+In a Word they were obliged to yield to them, but told them, if the
+Wives of their Men should insist as strongly on following their Example,
+their Tenderness, would be their Ruin, and make them a Prey to their
+Enemies; they answer'd the Queen should prevent that, by ordering no
+Woman should go on board, and if any were in the Ships, they should
+return on Shore: This Order was accordingly made, and they set Sail for
+the River of _Mozembique_. In about ten Days Cruize after they had left
+_Johanna_, and about 15 Leagues to the Eastward of this River, they fell
+in with a stout _Portuguese_ Ship of 60 Guns, which engaged them from
+Break of Day till Two in the Afternoon, when the Captain being killed,
+and a great Number of Men lost, she struck: This proved a very rich
+Prize, for she had the Value of 250000 _L_. Sterling on Board, in
+Gold-Dust. The two Women never quitted the Decks all the Time of the
+Engagement, neither gave they the least Mark of Fear, except for their
+Husbands: This Engagement cost them thirty Men, and _Caraccioli_ lost
+his right Leg; the Slaughter fell mostly on the _English_, for of the
+above Number, twenty were of that Nation: The _Portuguese_ lost double
+the Number. _Caraccioli's_ Wound made them resolve to make the best of
+their Way for _Johanna_ where the greatest Care was taken of their
+wounded, not one of whom died, tho' their Number amounted to Twenty
+seven.
+
+_Caraccioli_ kept his Bed two Months, but _Misson_ seeing him in a fair
+way of Recovery, took what Hands could be spar'd from the _Bijoux_,
+leaving her sufficient for Defence, and went out, having mounted ten of
+the _Portuguese_ Guns, for he had hitherto carried but thirty, though he
+had Ports for forty. He stretched over to _Madagascar_, and coasted
+along this Island to the Northward, as far as the most northerly Point,
+when turning back, he enter'd a Bay to the northward of _Diego Suares_.
+He run ten Leagues up this Bay, and on the larboard Side found it
+afforded a large, and safe, Harbour, with plenty of fresh Water. He came
+here to an Anchor, went ashore and examined into the Nature of the Soil,
+which he found rich, the Air wholesome, and the Country level. He told
+his Men, that this was an excellent Place for an Asylum, and that he
+determined here to fortify and raise a small Town, and make Docks for
+Shipping, that they might have some Place to call their own; and a
+Receptacle, when Age or Wounds had render'd them incapable of Hardship,
+where they might enjoy the Fruits of their Labour, and go to their
+Graves in Peace. That he would not, however, set about this, till he had
+the Approbation of the whole Company; and were he sure they would all
+approve this Design, which he hoped, it being evidently for the general
+Good, he should not think it adviseable to begin any Works, lest the
+Natives should, in his Absence, destroy them; but however, as they had
+nothing upon their Hands, if they were of his Opinion, they might begin
+to fall and square Timber, ready for the raising a wooden Fort, when
+they return'd with their Companions.
+
+The Captain's Motion was universally applauded, and in ten Days they
+fell'd and rough hew'd a hundred and fifty large Trees, without any
+Interruption from, or seeing any of, the Inhabitants. They fell'd their
+Timber at the Waters Edge, so that they had not the Trouble of hawling
+them any way, which would have employ'd a great deal more Time: They
+returned again, and acquainted their Companions with what they had seen
+and done, and with the Captain's Resolution, which they one and all came
+into.
+
+Captain _Misson_ then told the Queen, as he had been serviceable to her
+in her War with the Island of _Mohila_, and might continue to be of
+farther Use, he did not question her lending him Assistance in the
+settling himself on the Coast of _Madagascar_, and to that end, furnish
+him with 300 Men, to help in his Buildings; the Queen answered, she
+could do nothing without Consent of Council, and that she would assemble
+her Nobility, and did not question their agreeing to any Thing he could
+reasonably define, for they were sensible of the Obligations the
+_Johanians_ had to him. The Council was accordingly called, and
+_Misson_'s Demand being told, one of the eldest said, he did not think
+it expedient to comply with it, nor safe to refuse; that they should in
+agreeing to give him that Assistance, help to raise a Power, which might
+prove formidable to themselves, by the being so near a Neighbour; and
+these Men who had lately protected, might, when they found it for their
+Interest, enslave them. On the other hand, if they did not comply, they
+had the Power to do them great Damage. That they were to make choice of
+the least of two possible Evils, for he could prognosticate no Good to
+_Johanna_, by their settling near it. Another answered, that many of
+them had _Johanna_ Wives, that it was not likely they would make Enemies
+of the _Johanna_ Men at first settling, because their Friendship might
+be of Use to them; and from their Children there was nothing to be
+apprehended in the next Generation, for they would be half their own
+Blood; that in the mean while, if they comply'd with the Request, they
+might be sure of an Ally, and Protector, against the King of _Mohila_;
+wherefore, he was for agreeing to the Demand.
+
+After a long Debate, in which every Inconvenience, and Advantage, was
+maturely considered, it was agreed to send with him the Number of Men he
+required, on Condition he should send them back in four Moons, make an
+Alliance with them, and War against _Mohila_; this being agreed to, they
+staid till _Caraccioli_ was thoroughly recovered, then putting the
+_Johannians_ on board the _Portuguese_ Ship with 40 _French_ and
+_English_ and 15 _Portuguese_ to work her, and setting Sail, they
+arrived at the Place where _Misson_ designed his Settlement, which he
+called _Libertalia_, and gave the Name of _Liberi_ to his People,
+desiring in that might be drown'd the distingush'd Names of _French_,
+_English_, _Dutch_, _Africans_, &c.
+
+The first Thing they sat about was, the raising a Fort on each Side the
+Harbour, which they made of an octogon Figure, and having finished and
+mounted them with 40 Guns taken out of the _Portuguese_, they raised a
+Battery on an Angle of ten Guns, and began to raise Houses and Magazines
+under the Protection of their Forts and Ships; the _Portuguese_ was
+unrigg'd, and all her Sails and Cordage carefully laid up. While they
+were very busily employed in the raising a Town, a Party which had often
+hunted and rambled four or five Leagues off their Settlement, resolved
+to venture farther into the Country. They made themselves some Huts, at
+about 4 Leagues distance from their Companions, and travell'd East South
+East, about 5 Leagues farther into the Country, when they came up with a
+Black, who was arm'd with a Bow, Arrows, and a Javelin; they with a
+friendly Appearance engaged the Fellow to lay by his Fear and go with
+them. They carried him to their Companions, and there entertained him
+three Days with a great Deal of Humanity, and then returned with him
+near the Place they found him, made him a Present of a Piece of scarlet
+Baze, and an Ax; he appeared overjoy'd at the Present, and left them
+with seeming Satisfaction.
+
+The Hunters imagined that there might be some Village not far off, and
+observing that he look'd at the Sun, and then took his Way direct South,
+they travell'd on the same Point of the Compass, and from the Top of a
+Hill they spied a pretty large Village, and went down to it; the Men
+came out with their Arms, such as before described, Bows, Arrows, and
+Javelins, but upon two only of the Whites advancing, with Presents of
+Axes, and Baze in their Hands, they sent only four to meet them. The
+Misfortune was, that they could not understand one another, but by their
+pointing to the Sun, and holding up one Finger, and making one of them
+go forward, and return again with shewing their Circumcision, and
+pointing up to Heaven with one Finger, they apprehended, they gave them
+to understand, there was but one God, who had sent one Prophet, and
+concluded from thence, and their Circumcision they were _Mahometans_;
+the Presents were carried to their Chief, and he seem'd to receive them
+kindly, and by Signs invited the Whites into their Village; but they,
+remembring the late Treachery of the _Mohilians_, made Signs for
+Victuals to be brought them where they were.
+
+_More of the History of these Adventurers in another Place._
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Of Captain Mission, by Daniel Defoe
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+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <title>
+      Of Captain Misson, by Daniel Defoe
+    </title>
+    <style type="text/css" xml:space="preserve">
+
+    body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify}
+    P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; }
+    H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; }
+    hr  { width: 50%; text-align: center;}
+    .foot { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3em; font-size: 90%; }
+    blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;}
+    .mynote    {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; padding: .5em; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%;}
+    .toc       { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;}
+    .toc2      { margin-left: 20%;}
+    div.fig    { display:block; margin:0 auto; text-align:center; }
+    div.middle { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; }
+    .figleft   {float: left; margin-left: 0%; margin-right: 1%;}
+    .figright  {float: right; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 1%;}
+    .pagenum   {display:inline; font-size: 70%; font-style:normal;
+               margin: 0; padding: 0; position: absolute; right: 1%;
+               text-align: right;}
+    pre        { font-style: italic; font-size: 90%; margin-left: 10%;}
+
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+  <body>
+
+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Of Captain Mission, by Daniel Defoe
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Of Captain Mission
+
+Author: Daniel Defoe
+
+
+Release Date: March, 2005 [EBook #7779]
+This file was first posted on May 16, 2003
+Last updated: May 1, 2013
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OF CAPTAIN MISSION ***
+
+
+
+
+Text file produced by David Starner, Deirdre Menchaca, Ted Garvin
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+HTML file produced by David Widger
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+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+    <div style="height: 8em;">
+      <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
+    </div>
+    <h1>
+      OF CAPTAIN MISSON
+    </h1>
+    <h3>
+      From "The History Of The Pyrates. Vol. II."
+    </h3>
+    <h2>
+      By Daniel Defoe
+    </h2>
+    <p>
+      <br /> <br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <br /> <br />
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      GENERAL EDITORS
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      Richard C. Boys, <i>University of Michigan</i> Ralph Cohen, <i>University
+      of California, Los Angeles</i> Vinton A. Dearing, <i>University of
+      California, Los Angeles</i> Lawrence Clark Powell, <i>Clark Memorial
+      Library</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br />
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      ASSISTANT EDITOR
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      W. Earl Britton, <i>University of Michigan</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br />
+    </p>
+    <h3>
+      ADVISORY EDITORS
+    </h3>
+    <p>
+      Emmett L. Avery, <i>State College of Washington</i> Benjamin Boyce, <i>Duke
+      University</i> Louis Bredvold, <i>University of Michigan</i> John Butt, <i>University
+      of Edinburgh</i> James L. Clifford, <i>Columbia University</i> Arthur
+      Friedman, <i>University of Chicago</i> Louis A. Landa, <i>Princeton
+      University</i> Samuel H. Monk, <i>University of Minnesota</i> Ernest C.
+      Mossner, <i>University of Texas</i> James Sutherland, <i>University
+      College, London</i> H.T. Swedenberg, Jr., <i>University of California, Los
+      Angeles</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      CORRESPONDING SECRETARY
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Edna C. Davis, <i>Clark Memorial Library</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <b>CONTENTS</b>
+    </p>
+    <p class="toc">
+      <a href="#link2H_INTR"> INTRODUCTION </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="toc">
+      <a href="#link2H_4_0002"> Bibliographical Note </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="toc">
+      <a href="#link2H_NOTE"> Notes to the Introduction </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="toc">
+      <a href="#link2H_4_0004"> THE HISTORY OF THE PYRATES. VOL. II. </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="toc">
+      <a href="#link2H_4_0005"> OF CAPTAIN MISSON. </a>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="link2H_INTR" id="link2H_INTR"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <div style="height: 4em;">
+      <br /><br /><br /><br />
+    </div>
+    <h2>
+      INTRODUCTION
+    </h2>
+    <p>
+      Defoe has been recognized as the author of <i>A General History of the
+      Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious Pyrates</i> since 1932 when
+      John Robert Moore suggested that the supposed author, Captain Charles
+      Johnson, like Andrew Moreton, Kara Selym or Captain Roberts, was merely
+      another mask for the creator of <i>Robinson Crusoe</i>. Although most of
+      the first volume is of minor literary importance, the second section which
+      appeared in 1728 as <i>The History of the Pyrates</i> commenced with a
+      life "Of Captain Misson and His Crew," one of Defoe's most remarkable and
+      neglected works of fiction. In much the same manner and at the same time
+      that John Gay was satirizing Walpole's government in <i>The Beggar's Opera</i>,
+      Defoe began to use his pirates as a commentary on the injustice and
+      hypocrisy of contemporary English society. Among Defoe's gallery of
+      pirates are Captain White, who refused to rob from women and children;
+      Captain Bellamy, the proletarian revolutionist; and captain North, whose
+      sense of justice and honesty was a rebuke to the corruption of government
+      under Walpole. But the fictional Captain Misson, the founder of a
+      communist utopia, is by far the most original of these creations.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      If we were to accept the view of nineteenth-century critics, that Defoe
+      was one of the earliest exponents of <i>laissez faire</i>, his creation of
+      a communist utopia would seem remarkable indeed. But paradoxes fascinated
+      Defoe, and his ideas can seldom be reduced to unambiguous platitudes. He
+      was especially fascinated by the comparison between businessmen and
+      thieves. In 1707 he urged the government to pardon the Madagascar pirates
+      if they agreed to stop their crimes, pay a large sum of money and "become
+      honest Freeholders, as others of our <i>West-India</i> Pyrates, <i>Merchants
+      I should have said</i>, have done before them." And he noted that "it
+      would make a sad Chasm on the <i>Exchange of London</i>, if all the
+      Pyrates should be taken away from the Merchants there."<a
+      href="#linknote-1" name="linknoteref-1" id="linknoteref-1"><small>1</small></a>
+      Twelve years later just before the start of the South Sea Bubble, Defoe
+      attacked stock-jobbing as "a Branch of Highway Robbing."<a
+      href="#linknote-2" name="linknoteref-2" id="linknoteref-2"><small>2</small></a>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Although these attacks were directed mainly at "trade thieves" and
+      corruptions in business practices, they reflect Defoe's growing concern
+      with problems of poverty and wealth in England. In his preface to the
+      first volume of the <i>General History of the Pyrates</i>, Defoe argued
+      that the unemployed seaman had no choice but to "<i>steal or starve</i>."
+      When the pirate, Captain Bellamy, boards a merchant ship from Boston, he
+      attacks the inequality of capitalist society, the ship owners, and most of
+      all, the Captain:
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>damn ye, you are a sneaking Puppy, and so are all those who will submit
+      to be governed by Laws which rich Men have made for their own Security,
+      for the cowardly Whelps have not the Courage otherwise to defend what they
+      get by their Knavery; but damn ye altogether: Damn them for a Pack of
+      crafty Rascals, and you, who serve them, for a Parcel of hen-hearted
+      Numskuls. They villify us, the Scoundrels do, when there is only this
+      Difference, they rob the Poor under the Cover of Law, forsooth, and we
+      plunder the Rich under the Protection of our own Courage.</i><a
+      href="#linknote-3" name="linknoteref-3" id="linknoteref-3"><small>3</small></a>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Bellamy asks the crew of the captured ship to abandon the slavery of
+      working for low wages under severe captains for the complete economic and
+      political equality of life on a pirate ship.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Government on Captain Misson's ship, the <i>Victoire</i>, and in the
+      colony of Libertalia is partially an idealization of the pirate's creed.
+      But two other elements which must be considered are, first, the concept of
+      government in the state of nature, and secondly, the ideal of the
+      socialist utopia. Most political theorists of Defoe's time postulated a
+      state of nature in which man lived either entirely free from government or
+      under loose patriarchal control, from which he was removed either by the
+      invention of money, the discovery of agriculture or by some crime. To a
+      certain extent, Misson's pirate government may be regarded as a stage in
+      the evolution of government. In <i>The Farther Adventures of Robinson
+      Crusoe</i>, Defoe showed how government evolved from the anarchy of the
+      state of nature. Both Crusoe's colony and Libertalia are eventually forced
+      to establish government, private property and criminal laws, but
+      Libertalia, which retains its egalitarian and democratic character, is
+      overthrown by its failure to account for human evil and crime.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      A second influence on Captain Misson's ideology is Plutarch's description
+      of the laws of Sparta and Rome. Even during the "Anti-Communist Period"
+      which followed the Glorious Revolution, the well-regulated state of the
+      Lacedemonians remained the norm for Utopias. The influence of Plutarch
+      pervades the biographies in the <i>General History of the Pyrates.</i>
+      Lycurgus' laws echo throughout Misson's attacks on luxury and the unequal
+      distribution of wealth, while Plutarch's study of Spartacus, which is
+      mentioned in Defoe's preface, may well have been the model for his hero.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      But neither the desire to regain the purity of the state of nature nor an
+      admiration for Spartan simplicity entirely explain Misson's vigorous
+      demand for freedom and his attacks on the corruption of the ruling class.
+      By refusing to fly the pirate flag, Misson dramatizes the growing revolt
+      of the poor against a useless nobility. The crew of the <i>Victoire</i>
+      are, prophetically enough, French. Their aspiration is for a society
+      following the precepts of <i>la carrière ouverte aux talents</i>; their
+      revolt is that of a few courageous men unafraid to engage in the pirate's
+      "war against mankind" while those of lesser courage "dance to the Musick
+      of their Chains."
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Defoe's study of Misson is different from the Utopias of More, Bacon or
+      Campanella in so far as there is no discovery of an ideal civilization.
+      Libertalia is a Utopia which reflects a direct reaction to the abuses of
+      the time&mdash;abuses of economic, political and religious freedom.
+      Anticipating Beccaria's criticism of the death penalty by almost forty
+      years, Carracioli argues that since man's right to life is inalienable, no
+      government can have the power of capital punishment.<a href="#linknote-4"
+      name="linknoteref-4" id="linknoteref-4"><small>4</small></a> Misson's
+      belief in equality is extended to include the negro slaves the <i>Victoire</i>
+      takes at sea as well as the natives of Madagascar. After asking the
+      negroes to join his crew, Misson tells his men that the Trading for those
+      of our own Species, could never be agreeable to the Eyes of divine
+      Justice: That no Man had Power of the Liberty of another; and while those
+      who profess'd a more enlightened Knowledge of the Deity, sold men like
+      Beasts; they prov'd that their Religion was no more than Crimace...: For
+      his Part he hop'd, he spoke the Sentiments of all his brave Companions, he
+      had not exempted his Neck from the galling Yoak of Slavery, and asserted
+      his own Liberty to enslave others.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Slavery is banished from Misson's ship, and the negroes are schooled in
+      the principles of freedom.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Perhaps the most difficult problem in discussing the principles of Misson
+      and Carracioli is to attempt an explanation of why Defoe, a Presbyterian,
+      should have made his protagonists into deists. Defoe attacks Carracioli's
+      deistic arguments through his narrator, Captain Johnson, who remarks that
+      such ideas are pernicious only to "weak Men who cannot discover their
+      Fallacy." But since similar ideas appear in Robert <i>Drury's Journal</i>
+      published a year later, it may be assumed that the arguments of the deists
+      held a certain fascination for Defoe at this time. Carracioli's deism also
+      has a dramatic function in the story. That on a voyage to Rome a young man
+      like Misson should be converted to deism by a disillusioned "lewd" priest
+      was in harmony with the traditional English belief in the dangers of
+      Italy.<a href="#linknote-5" name="linknoteref-5" id="linknoteref-5"><small>5</small></a>
+      That Carracioli should combine the rebellion against organized religion
+      with the revolt against monarchy is indicative of Defoe's keen
+      apprehension of the future course of history.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Considered as a short novel, the history "Of Captain Misson and his Crew"
+      reveals many of the same techniques which Defoe used in his longer works.
+      To gain a sense of verisimilitude the narrator pretends to be working from
+      a manuscript, a device which Defoe also employed in his <i>Memoirs of a
+      Cavalier</i>. As in <i>Colonel Jack</i> real historical figures and events
+      from the War of the Spanish Succession are woven into the adventures of
+      the <i>Victoire</i>. Captain Misson and his crew sink the Winchelsea, an
+      English ship lost in the West Indies at the end of August, 1707, and they
+      barely escape from Admiral Wager's fleet which fought a famous battle
+      there in 1708. Even the name of Misson's ship, the <i>Victoire</i>; was
+      undoubtedly familiar to Defoe as the vessel commanded by the famous French
+      corsair, Cornil Saus.<a href="#linknote-6" name="linknoteref-6"
+      id="linknoteref-6"><small>6</small></a> So convincing is Defoe that
+      although his hero is shown meeting a real freebooter, Captain Tew, ten
+      years after Tew's death, Misson is still included in the histories of
+      piracy.<a href="#linknote-7" name="linknoteref-7" id="linknoteref-7"><small>7</small></a>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Also typical of Defoe's fiction is the relationship between Captain
+      Misson, the leader, and his intellectual mentor, Carracioli. Colonel Jack
+      and his tutor, Moll Flanders and her Governess and particularly, Captain
+      Singleton and William Walters form similar groups. Just as William
+      Walters, a Quaker, reminds Captain Singleton and the crew that their
+      business is not fighting but making money, so Carracioli addresses lengthy
+      speeches to the crew, converting everyone on the <i>Victoire</i> to
+      democracy and deism. Misson's Libertalia takes root in Madagascar, where
+      Singleton wanted to establish a colony, while both Carracioli and Walters
+      adapt the secular aspects of their religion to piracy. But whereas Walters
+      eventually converts Singleton into an honest Christian, Carracioli leads
+      Misson into piracy.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      In the history "Of Captain Misson and his Crew," Defoe decided to pursue
+      the same method of third person narrative as in his brief biographies of
+      real pirates. The result is that he merely provides a sketch of political
+      theories rather than a study of human beings. Of course there are good
+      reasons for this. Defoe was more interested in dramatizing proletarian
+      utopian ideals than in developing the inner workings of Misson's mind. The
+      novelette is unified by its epic theme, not by its study of character or
+      its episodic plot.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Although Defoe toyed with radical notions throughout <i>The History of the
+      Pyrates</i>, he had little faith in their practicality. Libertalia must be
+      understood as Defoe's best expression of political and social ideals which
+      he admired but considered unworkable. The continuation of Misson's career
+      in the section "Of Captain Tew" depicts the decline and fall of the utopia
+      and the hero's tragic death as a disillusioned idealist. This, however, is
+      another story, a story which suggested that private property was
+      necessary, equality impossible and slavery a useful expedient for
+      colonization. It was a far more comforting message for the Augustan Age,
+      but it could not silence the tocsins of the French Revolution which sound
+      throughout the speeches of Misson and Carracioli.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Maximillian E. Novak University of Michigan
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="link2H_4_0002" id="link2H_4_0002"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <div style="height: 4em;">
+      <br /><br /><br /><br />
+    </div>
+    <h2>
+      Bibliographical Note
+    </h2>
+    <p>
+      The text of "Of Captain Misson and His Crew" has been reproduced from the
+      Henry E. Huntington Library's first edition copy of the second volume of
+      <i>A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious
+      Pyrates</i> which appeared under the title <i>The History of the Pyrates</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="link2H_NOTE" id="link2H_NOTE"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <div style="height: 4em;">
+      <br /><br /><br /><br />
+    </div>
+    <h2>
+      Notes to the Introduction
+    </h2>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="linknote-1" id="linknote-1"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="foot">
+      1 (<a href="#linknoteref-1">return</a>)<br /> [ Daniel Defoe, <i>A Review
+      of the Affairs of France</i>, ed. A. W. Secord (New York, 1938), IV,
+      424a.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="linknote-2" id="linknote-2"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="foot">
+      2 (<a href="#linknoteref-2">return</a>)<br /> [ <i>The Anatomy of Exchange&mdash;Alley</i>
+      (London, 1719), p. 8.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="linknote-3" id="linknote-3"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="foot">
+      3 (<a href="#linknoteref-3">return</a>)<br /> [ <i>A General History of the
+      Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious Pyrates</i> (London, 1728),
+      II, 220.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="linknote-4" id="linknote-4"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="foot">
+      4 (<a href="#linknoteref-4">return</a>)<br /> [ See Cesare Beccaria, <i>An
+      Essay on Crimes and Punishments</i> (Stanford, 1953), pp. 97-99.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="linknote-5" id="linknote-5"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="foot">
+      5 (<a href="#linknoteref-5">return</a>)<br /> [ In the previous year Defoe
+      had written that "it was the most dangerous thing in the World for a young
+      Gentleman, sober and virtuous, to venture into <i>Italy</i>, till he was
+      thoroughly grounded in Principle, ... for that nothing was more ordinary,
+      than for such either to be seduc'd, by the Subtlety of the Clergy, to
+      embrace a false Religion, or by the Artifice of a worse Enemy, to give up
+      all Religion, and sink into <i>Scepticism</i> and <i>Deism</i>, or,
+      perhaps, <i>Atheism</i>." <i>A New Family Instructor</i> (London, 1727),
+      p. 17.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="linknote-6" id="linknote-6"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="foot">
+      6 (<a href="#linknoteref-6">return</a>)<br /> [ See Ruth Bourne, <i>Queen
+      Anne's Navy in the West Indies</i> (New Haven, 1939), pp. 63, 169-172; and
+      <i>Manuscripts of the House of Lords</i>, New Series (London, 1921), VII,
+      117-119.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="linknote-7" id="linknote-7"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <p class="foot">
+      7 (<a href="#linknoteref-7">return</a>)<br /> [ See Philip Gosse, <i>The
+      History of Piracy</i> (New York, 1934), p. 194; and Patrick Pringle, <i>Jolly
+      Roger</i> (London, 1953), pp. 136-138.]
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <br />
+    </p>
+    <h4>
+      <i>Omne tulit punctum, qui miscuit utile dulci</i>. Hor.
+    </h4>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="link2H_4_0004" id="link2H_4_0004"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <div style="height: 4em;">
+      <br /><br /><br /><br />
+    </div>
+    <h2>
+      THE HISTORY OF THE PYRATES. VOL. II.
+    </h2>
+    <p>
+      <br /><br />
+    </p>
+    <hr />
+    <p>
+      <a name="link2H_4_0005" id="link2H_4_0005"> </a>
+    </p>
+    <div style="height: 4em;">
+      <br /><br /><br /><br />
+    </div>
+    <h2>
+      OF CAPTAIN MISSON.
+    </h2>
+    <p>
+      We can be somewhat particular in the Life of this Gentleman, because, by
+      very great Accident, we have got into our Hands a <i>French</i>
+      Manuscript, in which he himself gives a Detail of his Actions. He was born
+      in <i>Provence</i>, of an ancient Family; his Father, whose true Name he
+      conceals, was Master of a plentiful Fortune; but having a great Number of
+      Children, our Rover had but little Hopes of other Fortune than what he
+      could carve out for himself with his Sword. His Parents took Care to give
+      him an Education equal to his Birth. After he had passed his Humanity and
+      Logick, and was a tolerable Mathematician, at the Age of Fifteen he was
+      sent to <i>Angiers</i>, where he was a Year learning His Exercises. His
+      Father, at his Return home, would have put him into the Musketeers; but as
+      he was of a roving Temper, and much affected with the Accounts he had read
+      in Books of Travels, he chose the Sea as a Life which abounds with more
+      Variety, and would afford him an Opportunity to gratify his Curiosity, by
+      the Change of Countries Having made this Choice, his Father, with Letters
+      of Recommendation, and every Thing fitting for him, sent him Voluntier on
+      board the <i>Victoire</i>, commanded by Monsieur <i>Fourbin</i>, his
+      Relation. He was received on Board with all possible Regard by the
+      Captain, whose Ship was at <i>Marseilles</i>, and was order'd to cruise
+      soon after <i>Misson's</i> Arrival. Nothing could be more agreeable to the
+      Inclinations of our Voluntier than this Cruize, which made him acquainted
+      with the most noted Ports of the <i>Mediterranean</i>, and gave him a
+      great Insight into the practical Part of Navigation. He grew fond of this
+      Life, and was resolved to be a compleat Sailor, which made him always one
+      of the first on a Yard Arm, either to Hand or Reef, and very inquisitive
+      in the different Methods of working a Ship: His Discourse was turn'd on no
+      other Subject, and he would often get the Boatswain and Carpenter to teach
+      him in their Cabbins the constituent Parts of a Ship's Hull, and how to
+      rigg her, which he generously paid 'em for; and tho' he spent a great Part
+      of his Time with these two Officers, yet he behaved himself with such
+      Prudence that they never attempted at a Familiarity, and always paid the
+      Respect due to his Family. The Ship being at <i>Naples</i>, he obtained
+      Leave of his Captain to go to <i>Rome</i>, which he had a great Desire to
+      visit. Hence we may date his Misfortunes; for, remarking the licentious
+      Lives of the Clergy (so different from the Regularity observ'd among the
+      <i>French</i> Ecclesiasticks,) the Luxury of the Papal Court, and that
+      nothing but Hulls of Religion was to be found in the Metropolis of the
+      Christian Church, he began to figure to himself that all Religion was no
+      more than a Curb upon the Minds of the Weaker, which the wiser Sort
+      yielded to, in Appearance only. These Sentiments, so disadvantageous to
+      Religion and himself, were strongly riveted by accidentally becoming
+      acquainted with a lewd Priest, who was, at his Arrival (by meer Chance)
+      his Confessor, and after that his Procurer and Companion, for he kept him
+      Company to his Death. One Day, having an Opportunity, he told <i>Misson</i>,
+      a Religious was a very good Life, where a Man had a subtle enterprising
+      Genius, and some Friends; for such a one wou'd, in a short Time, rise to
+      such Dignities in the Church, the Hopes of which was the Motive of all the
+      wiser Sort, who voluntarily took upon them the sacerdotal Habit. That the
+      ecclesiastical State was govern'd with the same Policy as were secular
+      Principalities and Kingdoms; that what was beneficial, not what was
+      meritorious and virtuous, would be alone regarded. That there were no more
+      Hopes for a Man of Piety and Learning in the Patrimony of St. <i>Peter</i>,
+      than in any other Monarchy, nay, rather less; for this being known to be
+      real, that Man's rejected as a Visionary, no way fit for Employment; as
+      one whose Scruples might prove prejudicial; for its a Maxim, that Religion
+      and Politicks can never set up in one House. As to our Statesmen, don't
+      imagine that the Purple makes 'em less Courtiers than are those of other
+      Nations; they know and pursue the <i>Reggione del Stato</i> (a Term of Art
+      which means Self-Interest) with as much Cunning and as little Conscience
+      as any Secular; and are as artful where Art is required, and as barefaced
+      and impudent when their Power is great enough to support 'em, in the
+      oppressing the People, and aggrandizing their Families. What their Morals
+      are, you may read in the Practice of their Lives, and their Sentiments of
+      Religion from this Saying of a certain Cardinal, <i>Quantum Lucrum ex ista
+      fabula Christi!</i> which many of 'em may say, tho' they are not so
+      foolish. For my Part, I am quite tir'd of the Farce, and will lay hold on
+      the first Opportunity to throw off this masquerading Habit; for, by Reason
+      of my Age, I must act an under Part many Years; and before I can rise to
+      share the Spoils of the People, I shall, I fear, be too old to enjoy the
+      Sweets of Luxury; and, as I am an Enemy to Restraint, I am apprehensive I
+      shall never act up to my Character, and carry thro' the Hypocrite with Art
+      enough to rise to any considerable Post in the Church. My Parents did not
+      consult my Genius, or they would have given me a Sword instead of a Pair
+      of Beads.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Misson</i> advised him to go with him Voluntier, and offer'd him Money
+      to cloath him; the Priest leap'd at the Proposal, and a Letter coming to
+      <i>Misson</i> from his Captain, that he was going to <i>Leghorn</i>, and
+      left to him either to come to <i>Naples</i>, or go by Land; he chose the
+      latter, and the <i>Dominican</i>, whom he furnish'd with Money, clothing
+      himself very Cavalierly, threw off his Habit, and preceeded him two Days,
+      staying at <i>Pisa</i> for <i>Misson</i>; from whence they went together
+      to <i>Leghorn</i>, where they found the <i>Victoire</i>, and Signor <i>Caraccioli</i>,
+      recommended by his Friend, was received on Board. Two Days after they
+      weigh'd from hence, and after a Week's Cruize fell in with two <i>Sally</i>
+      Men, the one of twenty, the other of twenty four Guns; the <i>Victoire</i>
+      had but thirty mounted, though she had Ports for forty. The Engagement was
+      long and bloody, for the <i>Sally</i> Man hop'd to carry the <i>Victoire</i>;
+      and, on the contrary, Captain <i>Fourbin</i>, so far from having any
+      Thoughts of being taken, he was resolutely bent to make Prize of his
+      Enemies, or sink his Ship. One of the <i>Sally</i> Men was commanded by a
+      <i>Spanish</i> Renegade, (though he had only the Title of a Lieutenant)
+      for the Captain was a young Man who knew little of Marine Affairs.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This Ship was called the <i>Lyon</i>; and he attempted, more than once, to
+      board the <i>Victoire</i>, but by a Shot betwixt Wind and Water, he was
+      obliged to sheer off, and running his Guns, &amp;c. on one Side, bring her
+      on the careen to stop his Leak; this being done with too much
+      Precipitation, she overset, and every Soul was lost: His Comrade seeing
+      this Disaster, threw out all his small sails, and endeavour'd to get off,
+      but the <i>Victoire</i> wrong'd her, and oblig'd her to renew the Fight,
+      which she did with great Obstinacy, and made Monsieur <i>Fourbin</i>
+      despair of carrying her if he did not board; he made Preparations
+      accordingly. Signior <i>Caraccioli</i> and <i>Misson</i> were the two
+      first on board when the Command was given; but they and their Followers
+      were beat back by the Despair of the <i>Sally</i> Men; the former received
+      a Shot in his Thigh, and was carried down to the Surgeon. The <i>Victoire</i>
+      laid her on board the second time, and the <i>Sally</i> Men defended their
+      Decks with such Resolution, that they were cover'd with their own, and the
+      dead Bodies of their Enemies. <i>Misson</i> seeing one of 'em jump down
+      the Main-Hatch with a lighted Match, suspecting his Design, resolutely
+      leap'd after him, and reaching him with his Sabre, laid him dead the
+      Moment he going to set Fire to the Powder. The <i>Victoire</i> pouring in
+      more Men, the <i>Mahometans</i> quitted the Decks, finding Resistance
+      vain, and fled for Shelter to the Cook Room, Steerage and Cabbins, and
+      some run between Decks. The <i>French</i> gave 'em Quarters, and put the
+      Prisoners on board the <i>Victoire</i>, the Prize yielding nothing worth
+      mention, except Liberty to about fifteen Christian Slaves; she was carried
+      into and sold with the Prisoners at <i>[text unreadable]</i>. The Turks
+      lost a great many Men, the <i>French</i> not less than 35 in boarding, for
+      they lost very few by the great Shot, the <i>Sally</i> Men firing mostly
+      at the Masts and Rigging, hoping by disabling to carry her. The limited
+      Time of their Cruize being out, the <i>Victoire</i> returned to <i>Marseilles</i>,
+      from whence <i>Misson</i>, taking his Companion, went to visit his
+      Parents, to whom the Captain sent a very advantageous Character, both of
+      his Courage and Conduct. He was about a Month at home when his Captain
+      wrote to him, that his Ship was ordered to <i>Rochelle</i>, from whence he
+      was to sail for the <i>West-Indies</i> with some Merchant Men. This was
+      very agreeable to <i>Misson</i> and Signior <i>Caraccioli</i>, who
+      immediately set out for <i>Marseilles</i>. This Town is well fortified,
+      has four Parish Churches, and the Number of Inhabitants is computed to be
+      about 120,0000; the Harbour is esteemed the safest in the <i>Mediterranean</i>,
+      and is the common Station for the <i>French</i> Gallies.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Leaving this Place, they steer'd for <i>Rochelle</i>, where the <i>Victoire</i>
+      was dock'd, the Merchant Ships not being near ready. <i>Misson</i>, who
+      did not Care to pass so long a Time in Idleness, proposed to his Comrade
+      the taking a Cruize on board the <i>Triumph</i>, who was going into the <i>English
+      Channel</i>; the <i>Italian</i> readily contented to it.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Between the Isle of <i>Guernsey</i> and the <i>Start Point</i> they met
+      with the <i>Mayflower</i>, Captain <i>Balladine</i> Commanded, a Merchant
+      Ship of 18 Guns, richly laden, and coming from <i>Jamaica</i>. The Captain
+      of the <i>English</i> made a gallant resistance, and fought his Ship so
+      long, that the <i>French</i> could not carry her into Harbour, wherefore
+      they took the Money, and what was most valuable, out of her; and finding
+      she made more Water than the Pumps could free, quitted, and saw her go
+      down in less than four Hours after. Monsieur <i>le Blanc</i>, the <i>French</i>
+      Captain, received Captain <i>Balladine</i> very civilly, and would not
+      suffer either him or his Men to be stripp'd, saying, <i>None but Cowards
+      ought be treated after that Manner; that brave Men ought to treat such,
+      though their Enemies, as Brothers; and that to use a gallant Man (who does
+      his Duty) ill, speaks a Revenge which cannot proceed but from a Coward
+      Soul.</i> He order'd that the Prisoners should leave their Chests; and
+      when some of his Men seem'd to mutter, he bid 'em remember the Grandeur of
+      the Monarch they serv'd; that they were neither Pyrates nor Privateers;
+      and, as brave Men, they ought to shew their Enemies an Example they would
+      willingly have follow'd, and use their Prisoners as they wish'd to be
+      us'd.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They running up the <i>English</i> Channel as high as <i>Beachy Head</i>,
+      and, in returning, fell in with three fifty Gun Ships, which gave Chace to
+      the <i>Triumph</i>; but as she was an excellent Sailor, she run 'em out of
+      Sight in seven Glasses, and made the best of her Way for the <i>Lands-End</i>
+      they here cruized eight Days, then doubling Cape <i>Cornwall</i>, ran up
+      the <i>Bristol</i> Channel, near as far as <i>Nash Point</i>, and
+      intercepted a small Ship from <i>Barbadoes</i>, and stretching away to the
+      Northward, gave Chase to a Ship they saw in the Evening, but lost her in
+      the Night. The <i>Triumph</i> stood then towards <i>Milford</i> and spying
+      a Sail, endeavour'd to cut her off the Land, but found it impossible; for
+      she got into the Haven, though they came up with her very fast, and she
+      had surely been taken, had the Chase had been any thing longer.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Captain <i>Balladine</i>, who took the Glass, said it was the <i>Port
+      Royal</i>, a <i>Bristol</i> Ship which left <i>Jamaica</i> in Company with
+      him and the <i>Charles</i>. They now return'd to their own Coast, and sold
+      their Prize at <i>Brest</i>, where, at his Desire, they left Captain <i>Balladine</i>,
+      and Monsieur <i>le Blanc</i> made him a Present of Purse with 40 <i>Louis's</i>
+      for his Support; his Crew were also left here.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      At the Entrance into this Harbour the <i>Triumph</i> struck upon a Rock,
+      but receiv'd no Damage: This Entrance, called <i>Genlet</i>, is very
+      dangerous on Account of the Number of Rocks which lie on each Side under
+      Water, though the Harbour is certainly the best in <i>France</i>. The
+      Mouth of the Harbour is defended by a strong Castle; the Town is well
+      fortified, and has a Citadel for its farther Defence, which is of
+      considerable Strength. In 1694 the <i>English</i> attempted a Descent, but
+      did not find their Market, for they were beat off with the Loss of their
+      General, and a great many Men. From hence the <i>Triumph</i> return'd to
+      <i>Rochel</i>, and in a Month after our Voluntiers, who went on board the
+      <i>Victoire</i>, took their Departure for <i>Martineco</i> and <i>Guadalupe</i>;
+      they met with nothing in their Voyage thither worth noting.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I shall only observe, that Signior <i>Caraccioli</i>, who was as ambitious
+      as he was irreligious, had, by this Time, made a perfect Deist of <i>Misson</i>,
+      and thereby convinc'd him, that all Religion was no other than human
+      Policy, and shew'd him that the Law of <i>Moses</i> was no more than what
+      were necessary, as well for the Preservation as the Governing of the
+      People; for Instance, said he, the <i>African</i> Negroes never heard of
+      the Institution of Circumcision, which is said to be the Sign of the
+      Covenant made between God and this People, and yet they circumcise their
+      Children; doubtless for the same Reason the <i>Jews</i> and other Nations
+      do, who inhabit the Southern Climes, the Prepuce consolidating the
+      perspired Matter, which is of a fatal Consequence. In short, he ran
+      through all the Ceremonies of the <i>Jewish</i>, Christian and <i>Mahometan</i>
+      Religion, and convinced him these were, as might be observed by the
+      Absurdity of many, far from being Indications of Men inspired; and that <i>Moses</i>,
+      in his Account of the Creation, was guilty of known Blunders; and the
+      Miracles, both in the New and Old Testament, inconsistent with Reason.
+      That God had given us this Blessing, to make Use of for our present and
+      future Happiness, and whatever was contrary to it, notwithstanding their
+      School Distinctions of <i>contrary</i> and <i>above</i> Reason, must be
+      false. This Reason teaches us, that there is a first Cause of all Things,
+      an <i>Ens Entium</i>, which we call God, and our Reason will also suggest,
+      that he must be eternal, and, as the Author of every Thing perfect, he
+      must be infinitely perfect.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      If so, he can be subject to no Passions, and neither loves nor hates; he
+      must be ever the fame, and cannot rashly do to Day what he shall repent to
+      Morrow. He must be perfectly happy, consequently nothing can add to an
+      eternal State of Tranquillity, and though it becomes us to adore him, yet
+      can our Adorations neither augment, nor our Sins take from this Happiness.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      But his Arguments on this Head are too long, and too dangerous to
+      translate; and as they are work'd up with great Subtlety, they may be
+      pernicious to weak Men, who cannot discover their Fallacy; or, who finding
+      'em agreeable to their Inclinations, and would be glad to shake off the
+      Yoke of the Christian Religion, which galls and curbs their Passions,
+      would not give themselves the Trouble to examine them to the Bottom, but
+      give into what pleases, glad of finding some Excuse to their Consciences.
+      Though as his Opinion of a future State has nothing in it which impugns
+      the Christian Religion, I shall set it down in few Words.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      That reasoning Faculty, says he, which we perceive within us, we call the
+      Soul, but what that Soul is, is unknown to us. It may die with the Body,
+      or it may survive. I am of Opinion its immortal; but to say that this
+      Opinion is the Dictate of Reason, or only the Prejudice of Education,
+      would, I own, puzzle me. If it is immortal, it must be an Emanation from
+      the Divine Being, and consequently at its being separated from the Body,
+      will return to its first Principle, if not contaminated. Now, my Reason
+      tells me, if it is estranged from its first Principle, which is the Deity,
+      all the Hells of Man's Invention can never yield Tortures adequate to such
+      a Banishment.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      As he had privately held these Discourses among the Crew, he had gained a
+      Number of Proselytes, who look'd upon him as a new Prophet risen up to
+      reform the Abuses in Religion; and a great Number being <i>Rochellers</i>,
+      and, as yet, tainted with <i>Calvinism</i>, his Doctrine was the more
+      readily embrac'd. When he had experienced the Effects of his religious
+      Arguments, he fell upon Government, and shew'd, that every Man was born
+      free, and had as much Right to what would support him, as to the Air he
+      respired. A contrary Way of arguing would be accusing the Deity with
+      Cruelty and Injustice, for he brought into the World no Man to pass a Life
+      of Penury, and to miserably want a necessary Support; that the vast
+      Difference between Man and Man, the one wallowing in Luxury, and the other
+      in the most pinching Necessity, was owing only to Avarice and Ambition on
+      the one Hand, and a pusillanimous Subjection on the other; that at first
+      no other than a Natural was known, a paternal Government, every Father was
+      the Head, the Prince and Monarch of his Family, and Obedience to such was
+      both just and easy, for a Father had a compassionate Tenderness for his
+      Children; but Ambition creeping in by Degrees, the stronger Family set
+      upon and enslaved the Weaker; and this additional Strength over-run a
+      third, by every Conquest gathering Force to make others, and this was the
+      first Foundation of Monarchy. Pride encreasing with Power, Man usurped the
+      Prerogative of God, over his Creatures, that of depriving them of Life,
+      which was a Privilege no one had over his own; for as he did not come into
+      the World by his own Election, he ought to stay the determined Time of his
+      Creator: That indeed, Death given in War, was by the Law of Nature
+      allowable, because it is for the Preservation of our own Lives; but no
+      Crime ought to be thus punished, nor indeed any War undertaken, but in
+      Defence of our natural Right, which is such a Share of Earth as is
+      necessary for our Support.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      These Topicks he often declaimed on, and very often advised with <i>Misson</i>
+      about the setting up for themselves; he was as ambitious as the other, and
+      as resolute. <i>Caraccioli</i> and <i>Misson</i> were by this expert
+      Mariners, and very capable of managing a Ship: <i>Caraccioli</i> had
+      founded a great many of the Men on this Subject, and found them very
+      inclineable to listen to him. An Accident happen'd which gave <i>Caraccioli</i>
+      a fair Opportunity to put his Designs in Execution, and he laid Hold of
+      it; they went off <i>Martinico</i> on a Cruize, and met with the <i>Winchelsea</i>,
+      an <i>English</i> Man of War of 40 Guns, commanded by Captain <i>Jones</i>;
+      they made for each other, and a very smart Engagement followed, the first
+      Broadside killed the Captain, second Captain, and the three Lieutenants,
+      on Board the <i>Victoire</i> and left only the Master, who would have
+      struck, but Misson took up the Sword, order'd <i>Caraccioli</i> to act as
+      Lieutenant, and encouraging the Men fought the Ship six Glasses, when by
+      some Accident, the <i>Winchelsea</i> blew up, and not a Man was saved but
+      Lieutenant <i>Franklin</i>, whom the <i>French</i> Boats took up, and he
+      died in two Days. None ever knew before this Manuscript fell into my Hands
+      how the <i>Winchelsea</i> was lost; for her Head being driven ashore at <i>Antegoa</i>,
+      and a great Storm having happend a few Days before her Head was found, it
+      was concluded, that she founder'd in that Storm. After this Engagement, <i>Caraccioli</i>
+      came to Misson and saluted him Captain, and desired to know if he would
+      chuse a momentary or a lasting Command, that he must now determine, for at
+      his Return to <i>Martinico</i> it would be too late; and he might depend
+      upon the Ship he fought and saved being given to another, and they would
+      think him well rewarded if made a Lieutenant, which Piece of Justice he
+      doubted: That he had his Fortune in his Hands, which he might either keep
+      or let go; if he made Choice of the latter, he must never again expect she
+      would court him to accept her Favours: That he ought to let before his
+      Eyes his Circumstances, as a younger Brother of a good Family, but nothing
+      to support his Character; and the many Years he must serve at the Expence
+      of his Blood before he could make any Figure in the World; and consider
+      the wide Difference between the commanding and being commanded: That he
+      might with the Ship he had under Foot, and the brave Fellows under
+      Command, bid Defiance to the Power of <i>Europe</i>, enjoy every Thing he
+      wish'd, reign Sovereign of the Southern Seas, and lawfully make War on all
+      the World, since it would deprive him of that Liberty to which he had a
+      Right by the Laws of Nature: That he might in Time, become as great as <i>Alexander</i>
+      was to the <i>Persians</i>; and by encreasing his Forces by his Captures,
+      he would every Day strengthen the Justice of his Cause, for who has Power
+      is always in the Right. That <i>Harry</i> the Fourth and <i>Harry</i> the
+      Seventh, attempted and succeeded in their Enterprizes on the Crown of <i>England</i>,
+      yet their Forces did not equal his. <i>Mahomet</i> with a few Camel
+      Drivers, founded the <i>Ottoman</i> Empire and <i>Darius</i>, with no more
+      than six or seven Companions got Possession on of that of <i>Persia</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      In a Word he said so much that <i>Misson</i> resolved to follow his
+      Advice, and calling up all Hands, he told them, 'That a great Number of
+      them had resolved with him upon a Life of Liberty, and had done him the
+      Honour to create him Chief: That he designed to force no Man, and be
+      guilty of that Injustice he blamed in others; therefore, if any were
+      averse to the following his Fortune, which he promised should be the same
+      to all, he desired they would declare themselves, and he would set them
+      ashore, whence they might return with Conveniency;' having made an End,
+      they one and all cryed, <i>Vive le Capitain</i> Misson <i>et son
+      Lieutenant le Seavant</i> Caraccioli, God bless Capt. <i>Misson</i> and
+      his learned Lieutenant <i>Caraccioli</i>. <i>Misson</i> thanked them for
+      the Honour they conferr'd upon him, and promised he would use the Power
+      they gave for the publick Good only, and hoped, as they had the Bravery to
+      assert their Liberty, they would be as unanimous in the preserving it, and
+      stand by him in what should be found expedient for the Good of all; that
+      he was their Friend and Companion, and should never exert his Power, or
+      think himself other than their Comrade, but when the Necessity of Affairs
+      should oblige him.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They shouted a second Time, <i>vive le Capitain</i>; he, after this,
+      desired they would chuse their subaltern Officers, and give them Power to
+      consult and conclude upon what might be for the common Interest, and bind
+      themselves down by an Oath to agree to what such Officers and he should
+      determine: This they readily gave into. The School-Master they chose for
+      second Lieutenant, <i>Jean Besace</i> they nominated for third, and the
+      Boatswain, and a Quarter-Master, named <i>Matthieu le Tondu</i>, with the
+      Gunner, they desired might be their Representatives in Council.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Choice was approved, and that every Thing might pass methodically, and
+      with general Approbation, they were called into the great Cabbin, and the
+      Question put, what Course they should steer? The Captain proposed the <i>Spanish</i>
+      Coast as the most probable to afford them rich Prizes: This was agreed
+      upon by all. The Boatswain then asked what Colours they should fight
+      under, and advised Black as most terrifying; but <i>Caraccioli</i>
+      objected, that they were no Pyrates, but Men who were resolved to assert
+      that Liberty which God and Nature gave them, and own no Subjection to any,
+      farther than was for the common Good of all: That indeed, Obedience to
+      Governors was necessary, when they knew and acted up to the Duty of their
+      Function; were vigilant Guardians of the Peoples Rights and Liberties; saw
+      that Justice was equally distributed; were Barriers against the Rich and
+      Powerful, when they attempted to oppress the Weaker; when they suffered
+      none of the one Hand to grow immensely rich, either by his own or his
+      Ancestors Encroachments; nor on the other, any to be wretchedly miserable,
+      either by falling into the Hands of Villains, unmerciful Creditors, or
+      other Misfortunes. While he had Eyes impartial, and allowed nothing but
+      Merit to distinguish between Man and Man; and instead of being a Burthen
+      to the People by his luxurious life, he was by his Care for, and
+      Protection of them, a real Father, and in every Thing acted with the equal
+      and impartial Justice of a Parent: But when a Governor, who is the
+      Minister of the People, thinks himself rais'd to this Dignity, that he may
+      spend his Days in Pomp and Luxury, looking upon his Subjects as so many
+      Slaves, created for his Use and Pleasure, and therefore leaves them and
+      their Affairs to the immeasurable Avarice and Tyranny of some one whom he
+      has chosen for his Favourite, when nothing but Oppression, Poverty, and
+      all the Miseries of Life flow from such an Administration; that he
+      lavishes away the Lives and Fortunes of the People, either to gratify his
+      Ambition, or to support the Cause of some neighbouring Prince, that he may
+      in Return, strengthen his Hands should his People exert themselves in
+      Defence of their native Rights; or should he run into unnecessary Wars, by
+      the rash and thoughtless Councils of his Favourite, and not able to make
+      Head against the Enemy he has rashly or wantonly brought upon his Hands,
+      and buy a Peace (which is the present Case of <i>France</i>, as every one
+      knows, by supporting King <i>James</i>, and afterwards proclaiming his
+      Son) and drain the Subject; should the Peoples Trade be wilfully
+      neglected, for private Interests, and while their Ships of War lie idle in
+      their Harbours, suffer their Vessels to be taken; and the Enemy not only
+      intercepts all Commerce, but insults their Coasts: It speaks a generous
+      and great Soul to shake off the Yoak; and if we cannot redress our Wrongs,
+      withdraw from sharing the Miseries which meaner Spirits submit to, and
+      scorn to yield to the Tyranny. Such Men are we, and, if the World, as
+      Experience may convince us it will, makes War upon us, the Law of Nature
+      empowers us not only to be on the defensive, but also on the offensive
+      Part. As we then do not proceed upon the same Ground with Pyrates, who are
+      Men of dissolute Lives and no Principles, let us scorn to take their
+      Colours: Ours is a brave, a just, an innocent, and a noble Cause; the
+      Cause of Liberty. I therefore advise a white Ensign, with Liberty painted
+      in the Fly, and if you like the Motto, <i>a Deo a Libertate</i>, for God
+      and Liberty, as an Emblem of our Uprightness and Resolution.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Cabbin Door was left open, and the Bulk Head which was of Canvas
+      rowled up, the Steerage being full of Men, who lent an attentive Ear, they
+      cried, <i>Liberty, Liberty; we are free Men</i>: Vive <i>the brave Captain</i>
+      Misson <i>and the noble Lieutenant</i> Caraccioli. This short Council
+      breaking up, every Thing belonging to the deceased Captain, and the other
+      Officers, and Men lost in the Engagement, was brought upon Deck and
+      over-hawled; the Money ordered to be put into a Chest, and the Carpenter
+      to clap on a Padlock for, and give a Key to, every one of the Council:
+      Misson telling them, all should be in common, and the particular Avarice
+      of no one should defraud the Publick.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      When the Plate Monsieur <i>Fourbin</i> had, was going to the Chest, the
+      Men unanimously cried out avast, keep that out for the Captain's Use, as a
+      Present from his Officers and Fore-mast Men. <i>Misson</i> thanked them,
+      the Plate was returned to the great Cabbin, and the Chest secured
+      according to Orders: Misson then ordered his Lieutenants and other
+      Officers to examine who among the Men, were in most Want of Cloaths, and
+      to distribute those of the dead Men impartially, which was done with a
+      general Content and Applause of the whole Crew: All but the wounded being
+      upon Deck. <i>Misson</i> from the Baracade, spoke to the following
+      Purpose, 'That since they had unanimously resolved to seize upon and
+      defend their Liberty, which ambitious Men had usurped, and that this could
+      not be esteemed by impartial Judges other than a just and brave
+      Resolution, he was under an Obligation to recommend to them a brotherly
+      Love to each other; the Banishment of all private Piques and Grudges, and
+      a swift Agreement and Harmony among themselves: That in throwing off the
+      Yoak of Tyranny of which the Action spoke an Abhorrence, he hoped none
+      would follow the Example of Tyrants, and turn his Back upon Justice; for
+      when Equity was trodden under Foot, Misery, Confusion, and mutual Distrust
+      naturally followed.'&mdash;He also advised them to remember there was a
+      Supream; the Adoration of which, Reason and Gratitude prompted us, and our
+      own Interests would engage us (as it is best to be of the surest Side, and
+      after-Life was allowed possible) to conciliate.&mdash;That he was
+      satisfied Men who were born and bred in Slavery, by which their Spirits
+      were broke, and were incapable of so generous a Way of thinking, who,
+      ignorant of their Birth-Right, and the Sweets of Liberty, dance to the
+      Musick of their Chains, which was, indeed, the greater Part of the
+      Inhabitants of the Globe, would brand this generous Crew with the
+      insidious Name of Pyrates, and think it meritorious, to be instrumental in
+      their Destruction.&mdash;Self-Preservation therefore, and not a cruel
+      Disposition, obliged him to declare War against all such as should refuse
+      him the Entry of their Ports, and against all, who should not immediately
+      surrender and give up what their Necessities required; but in a more
+      particular Manner against all <i>European</i> Ships and Vessels, as
+      concluded implacable Enemies. <i>And I do now,</i> said he, <i>declare
+      such War, and, at the same time, recommend to you my Comrades a humane and
+      generous Behaviour towards your Prisoners; which will appear by so much
+      more the Effects of a noble Soul, as we are satisfied we should not meet
+      the same Treatment should our ill Fortune, or more properly our Disunion,
+      or want of Courage, give us up to their Mercy.</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      After this, he required a Muster should be made, and there were able Hands
+      two Hundred, and thirty five sick and wounded; as they were muster'd they
+      were sworn. After Affairs were thus settled, they shaped their Course the
+      <i>Spanish West-Indies,</i> but resolved, in the Way, to take a Week or
+      ten Days Cruize in the Windward Passage from <i>Jamaica,</i> because most
+      Merchant Men, which were good Sailors and did not slay for Convoy, took
+      this as the shorter Cut for <i>England.</i>
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Off St. <i>Christophers</i> they took an <i>English</i> Sloop becalmed,
+      with their Boats; they took out of her a couple of Puncheons of Rum, and
+      half a dozen Hogsheads of Sugar (she was a <i>New England</i> Sloop, bound
+      for <i>Boston</i>) and without offering the least Violence to the Men, or
+      stripping them, they let her go. The Master of the Sloop was <i>Thomas
+      Butler,</i> who owned, he never met with so candid an Enemy as the <i>French</i>
+      Man of War, which took him the Day he left St. <i>Christophers;</i> they
+      met with no other Booty in their Way, till they came upon their Station,
+      when after three Days, they saw a Sloop which had the Impudence to give
+      them Chace; Captain <i>Misson</i> asked what could be the Meaning that the
+      Sloop stood for them? One of the Men, who was acquainted with the <i>West-Indies,</i>
+      told him, it was a <i>Jamaica</i> Privateer, and he should not wonder, if
+      he clapp'd him aboard. I am, said he, no Stranger to their Way of working,
+      and this despicable Fellow, as those who don't know a <i>Jamaica</i>
+      Privateer may think him, it is ten to one will give you some Trouble. It
+      now grows towards Evening, and you'll find as soon as he has discovered
+      your Force, he'll keep out of the Reach of your Guns till the 12 a-Clock
+      Watch is changed at Night, and he'll then attempt to clap you aboard, with
+      Hopes to carry you in the Hurry: Wherefore Captain, if you will give me
+      Leave to advise you, let every Man have his small Arms; and at twelve, let
+      the Bell ring as usual; and rather more Noise than ordinary be made, as if
+      the one Watch was turning in, and the other out, in a Confusion and Hurry,
+      and I'll engage he will venture to enter his Men. The Fellow's Advice was
+      approved and resolved upon, and the Sloop work'd, as he said she would,
+      for upon coming near enough to make distinctly the Force of the <i>Victoire</i>,
+      on her throwing out <i>French</i> Colours, she, the Sloop, clapp'd upon a
+      Wind, the <i>Victoire</i> gave Chace, but without Hopes of gaining upon
+      her; she went so well to Windward, that she cou'd spare the Ship some
+      Points in her Sheet, and yet wrong her: At Dusk of the Even, the <i>French</i>
+      had lost Sight of her, but about Eleven at Night, they saw her hankering
+      up their Windward Bow, which confirmed the Sailors Opinion, that she would
+      attempt to board them, as she did at the pretended Change of the Watch;
+      there being little or no Wind, she lashed to the Bow-Sprit of the <i>Victoire</i>
+      and enter'd her Men, who were very quietly taken, as they enter'd and
+      tumbled down the Forehatch, where they were received by others, and bound
+      without Noise, not one of the Privateers killed, few hurt, and only one <i>Frenchman</i>
+      wounded. The <i>Victoire</i> the better Part of the Sloop's Men secured,
+      they boarded in their Turn, when the Privateer's suspecting some
+      Stratagem, were endeavouring to cut their Lashing and get off:
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Thus the Englishman caught a Tartar. The Prisoners being all secured, the
+      Captain charged his Men not to discover, thro' a Desire of augmenting
+      their Number, the Account they were upon.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The next Morning Monsieur <i>Misson</i> called for the Captain of the
+      Privateer, he told him, he could not but allow him a brave Fellow, to
+      venture upon a Ship of his Countenance, and for that Reason he should meet
+      Treatment which Men of his Profession seldom afforded the Prisoners they
+      made. He asked him how long he had been out, what was his Name, and what
+      he had on Board? He answered he was but just come out, that he was the
+      first Sail he had met with, and should have thought himself altogether as
+      lucky not to have spoke with him' that his Name was <i>Harry Ramsey</i>,
+      and what he had on Board were Rags, Powder, Ball, and some few half
+      Anchors of Rum. <i>Ramsey</i> was ordered into the Gun-Room, and a Council
+      being held in the publick Manner aforesaid, the Bulk Head of the great
+      Cabbin rowled up. On their Conclusion, the Captain of the Privateer was
+      called in again, when Captain <i>Misson</i> told him, he would return him
+      his Sloop, and restore him and his Men to their Liberty, without stripping
+      or plundering of any Thing, but what Prudence obliged him to, their
+      Ammunition and Small-Arms, if he would give him his Word and Honour, and
+      his Men to take an Oath, not to go out on the Privateer Account in six
+      Months after they left him: That he did not design to continue that
+      Station above a Week longer, at the Expiration of which Time he would let
+      them go.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Ramsey</i>, who had a new Sloop, did not expect this Favour, which he
+      thanked him for, and promised punctually to comply with the Injunction,
+      which his Men as readily swore to, tho' they had no Design to keep the
+      Oath. The Time being expired, he and his Men were put on Board their own
+      Sloop. At going over the Ship's Side <i>Ramsey</i> begg'd Monsieur <i>Misson</i>
+      would allow him Powder for a salute, by way of Thanks; but he answered
+      him, the Ceremony was needless, and he expected no other Return than that
+      of keeping his Word, which indeed <i>Ramsey</i> did. Some of his Men had
+      found it more to their Advantage to have been as religious.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      At parting Ramsey gave the Ship three Chears, and <i>Misson</i> had the
+      Complaisance to return one, which <i>Ramsey</i> answering with three more,
+      made the best of his Way for <i>Jamaica</i>, and at the East End of the
+      Island met with the <i>Diana</i>, who, upon Advice, turn'd back.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The <i>Victoire</i> steer'd for <i>Carthagene</i>, off which Port they
+      cruised some Days, but meeting with nothing in the Seas, they made for <i>Porto
+      Bello</i>; in their Way they met with two <i>Dutch</i> Traders, who had
+      Letters of Mart, and were just come upon the Coast, the one had 20, the
+      other 24 Guns; <i>Misson</i> engaged them, and they defended themselves
+      with a great Deal of Resolution and Gallantry; and as they were mann'd a
+      Peak, he darst not venture to board either of them, for fear of being at
+      the same Time boarded by the other. His Weight of Mettal gave him a great
+      Advantage over the <i>Dutch</i>, though they were two to one; besides,
+      their Business, as they had Cargoes, was to get off, if possible,
+      wherefore they made a running Fight, though they took Care to stick close
+      to one another.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They maintained the Fight for above six Hours, when <i>Misson</i>, enraged
+      at this Obstinacy, and fearing, if by Accident they should bring a Mast,
+      or Top-Mast, by the board, they would get from him. He was resolved to
+      sink the larger Ship of the two, and accordingly ordered his Men to bring
+      all their Guns to bear a Midship, then running close along Side of him, to
+      raise their Mettal; his Orders being punctually obey'd, he pour'd in a
+      Broad Side, which open'd such a Gap in the <i>Dutch</i> Ship, that she
+      went directly to the Bottom, and every Man perish'd.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      He then mann'd his Bowsprit, brought his Sprit-sail Yard fore and aft, and
+      resolved to board the other, which the <i>Dutch</i> perceiving, and
+      terrified with the unhappy Fate of their Comrade, thought a farther
+      Resistance vain, and immediately struck. <i>Misson</i> gave them good
+      Quarters, though he was enraged at the Loss of 13 Men killed outright,
+      beside 9 wounded, of which 6 died. They found on board a great Quantity of
+      Gold and Silver Lace, brocade Silks, Silk Stockings, Bails of
+      Broad-Cloath, bazes of all Colours, and <i>Osnabrughs</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      A Consultation being held, it was resolved Captain <i>Misson</i> should
+      take the Name of <i>Fourbin</i>, and returning to <i>Carthagene</i>,
+      dispose of his Prize, and set his Prisoners ashoar. Accordingly they ply'd
+      to the Eastward, and came to an Anchor between <i>Boca Chieca</i> Fort,
+      and the Town, for they did not think it expedient to enter the Harbour.
+      The Barge was manned, and <i>Caraccioli</i>, with the Name of <i>D'Aubigny</i>,
+      the first lieutenant, who was killed in the Engagement with the <i>Winchelsea</i>,
+      and his Commission in his Pocket, went ashore with a Letter to the
+      Governor, sign'd <i>Fourbin</i>, whose Character, for fear of the worst,
+      was exactly counterfeited. The Purport of his Letter was, that having
+      discretionary Orders to cruize for three Months, and hearing the <i>English</i>
+      infested his Coast, he was come in search of 'em, and had met two <i>Dutch</i>
+      Men, one of which he had sunk, the other he made Prize of. That his
+      limited Time being near expired, he should be obliged to his Excellency,
+      if he would send on board him such Merchants as were willing to take the
+      Ship and Cargoe off his Hands, of which he had lent the <i>Dutch</i>
+      Invoice. Don <i>Joseph de la Zerda</i>, the then Governor, received the
+      Lieutenant (who sent back the Barge at landing) very civilly, and agreed
+      to take the Prisoners ashoar, and do every Thing was required of him; and
+      ordering fresh Provisions and Sallading to be got ready as a Present for
+      the Captain, he sent for some Merchants who were very ready to go on
+      board, and agree for the Ship and Goods; which they did, for two and fifty
+      thousand Pieces of Eight. The next Day the Prisoners were set ashoar; a
+      rich Piece of Brocade which was reserv'd, sent to the Governor for a
+      Present, a Quantity of fresh Provision bought and brought on board, the
+      Money paid by the Merchants, the Ship and Goods deliver'd, and the <i>Victoire</i>,
+      at the Dawn of the following Day, got under Sail. It may be wonder'd how
+      such Dispatch could be made, but the Reader must take Notice, these Goods
+      were sold by the <i>Dutch</i> Invoice, which the Merchant of the Prize
+      affirmed was genuine. I shall observe, by the by, that the <i>Victoire</i>
+      was the <i>French</i> Man of War which Admiral <i>Wager</i> sent the <i>Kingston</i>
+      in search of, and being afterwards falsly inform'd, that she was join'd by
+      another of seventy Guns; and that they cruiz'd together between the Capes,
+      order'd the <i>Severn</i> up to Windward, to assist the <i>Kingston</i>,
+      which had like to have prov'd very fatal; for these two <i>English</i> Men
+      of War, commanded by Captain <i>Trevor</i> and Captain <i>Padnor</i>,
+      meeting in the Night, had prepared to engage, each taking the other for
+      the Enemy. The <i>Kingston's</i> Men not having a good Look-out, which
+      must be attributed to the Negligence of the Officer of the Watch, did not
+      see the <i>Severn</i> till she was just upon them; but, by good Luck, to
+      Leeward, and plying up, with all the Sail she could crowd, and a clear
+      Ship. This put the <i>Kingston</i> in such Confusion, that when the <i>Severn</i>
+      hal'd, no answer was retun'd, for none heard her. She was got under the <i>Kingston's</i>
+      Stern, and Captain <i>Padnor</i> ordered to hale for the third and last
+      Time, and if no answer was return'd, to give her a Broadside. The Noise
+      onboard the <i>Kingston</i> was now a little ceas'd, and Captain Trevor,
+      who was on the poop with a speaking Trumpet to hale the <i>Severn</i>, by
+      good Luck heard her hale him, answering the <i>Kingston</i>, and asking
+      the Name of the other ship, prevented the Damage.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They cruised together some time, and meeting nothing which answer'd their
+      Information, return'd to <i>Jamaica</i>, as I shall to my Subject, begging
+      Pardon for this, as I thought, necessary Digression.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Don <i>Juan de la Zevda</i> told the Captain in a Letter, that the St. <i>Joseph</i>,
+      a Gallion of seventy Guns, was then lying at <i>Port a Bello</i>, and
+      should be glad he could keep her Company till she was off the Coast. That
+      she would sail in eight or ten Days for the <i>Havana</i>; and that, if
+      his Time would permit him, he would send an Advice-Boat. That she had on
+      board the Value of 800,000 Pieces of Eight in Silver and Bar Gold. <i>Misson</i>
+      return'd Answer, that he believ'd he should be excus'd if he stretched his
+      Orders, for a few Days; and that he would cruize off the Isle of <i>Pearls</i>,
+      and Cape <i>Gratias a Dios</i>, and give for Signal to the Gallion, his
+      spreading a white Ensign in his Fore-Top-Mast Shrouds, the cluing up his
+      Fore-sail, and the firing one Gun to Windward, and two to Leeward, which
+      he should answer by letting run and hoisting his Fore-Top-Sail three
+      times, and the firing as many Guns to Leeward. Don <i>Joseph</i>,
+      extreamly pleased with this Complaisance, sent a Boat express to advise
+      the St. <i>Joseph</i>, but she was already sailed two Days, contrary to
+      the Governor of <i>Carthagene's</i> Expectation, and, this Advice Captain
+      <i>Misson</i> had from the Boat, which returning with an Answer, saw the
+      <i>Victoire</i> in the Offin, and spoke to her. It was then resolved to
+      follow the <i>St. Joseph</i>, and accordingly they steer'd for the <i>Havanna</i>,
+      but by what Accident they did not overtake her is unknown.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I forgot to tell my Reader, on Board the <i>Dutch</i> Ship were fourteen
+      <i>French</i> Hugonots, whom <i>Misson</i> thought fit to detain, when
+      they were at Sea. <i>Misson</i> called 'em up, and proposed to 'em their
+      taking on; telling them at the same Time, he left it to their Choice, for
+      he would have no forc'd Men; and that if they all, or any of them,
+      disapproved the Proposal, he would either give 'em the first Vessel he met
+      that was fit for 'em, or set 'em ashoar on some inhabited Coast; and
+      therefore bid 'em take two Days for Consideration before they returned an
+      Answer; and, to encourage 'em, he called all Hands up, and declar'd, that
+      if any Man repented him of the Course of Life he had chosen, his just
+      Dividend should be counted to him, and he would set him on Shoar, either
+      near the <i>Havanna</i>, or some other convenient Place; but not one
+      accepted the Offer, and the fourteen Prisoners unanimously resolved to
+      join in with 'em; to which Resolution, no doubt, the Hopes of a good Booty
+      from the <i>St. Joseph</i>, and this Offer of Liberty greatly contributed.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      At the Entrance of the Gulph they spied and came with a large Merchant
+      Ship bound for <i>London</i> from <i>Jamaica</i>; she had 20 Guns, but no
+      more than 32 Hands, that its not to be wonder'd at she made no Resistance,
+      besides, she was deep laden with Sugars. Monsieur <i>Misson</i> took out
+      of her what Ammunition she had, about four thousand Pieces of Eight, some
+      Puncheons of Rum, and ten Hogsheads of Sugar; and, without doing her any
+      further Damage, let her proceed her Voyage. What he valued most in this
+      Prize was the Men he got, for she was carrying to <i>Europe</i> twelve <i>French</i>
+      Prisoners, two of which were necessary Hands, being a Carpenter and his
+      Mate. They were of <i>Bourdeaux</i>, from whence they came with the <i>Pomechatraine</i>,
+      which was taken by the <i>Maremaid</i> off <i>Petit Guavers</i>, after an
+      obstinate Resistance, in which they lost forty Men; but they were of
+      Opinion the <i>Maremaid</i> could not have taken 'em, having but four Guns
+      less than she had, which was made amends for, by their having about thirty
+      Hands. On the contrary, had not the <i>Guernsey</i> come up, they thought
+      of boarding and carrying the <i>Maremaid</i>. These Men very willingly
+      came into Captain <i>Misson's</i> Measures.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      These Men, who had been stripp'd to the Skin, begg'd Leave to make
+      Reprisals, but the Captain would not suffer them, though he told the
+      Master of the Prize, as he protected him and his Men, he thought it
+      reasonable these <i>French</i> should be cloathed: Upon this the Master
+      contributed of his own, and every Man bringing up his Chest, thought
+      themselves very well off in sharing with them one half.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Though <i>Misson's</i> Ship pass'd for a <i>French</i> Man of War, yet his
+      Generosity in letting the Prize go, gave the <i>English</i> Grounds to
+      suspect the Truth, neither the Ship nor Cargoe being of Use to such as
+      were upon the grand Account.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      When they had lost all Hopes of the St. <i>Joseph</i>, they coasted along
+      the North-Side of <i>Cuba</i>, and the <i>Victoire</i> growing now foul,
+      they ran into a Landlock'd Bay on the East North-East Point, where they
+      hove her down by Boats and Guns, though they could not pretend to heave
+      her Keel out; however, they scraped and tallowed as far as they could go;
+      they, for this Reason, many of them repented they had let the last Prize
+      go, by which they might have careened.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      When they had righted the Ship, and put every Thing on Board, they
+      consulted upon the Course they should steer. Upon this the Council
+      divided. The Captain and <i>Caraccioli</i> were for stretching over to the
+      <i>African</i>, and the others for the <i>New-England</i> Coast,
+      alledging, that the Ship had a foul Bottom, and was not fit for the
+      Voyage; and that if they met with contrary Winds, and bad Weather, their
+      Stock of Provision might fall short; and that as they were not far from
+      the <i>English</i> Settlement of <i>Carolina</i>, they might either on
+      that or the Coast of <i>Virginia, Maryland, Pensylvania, New-York</i>, or
+      <i>New-England</i>, intercept ships which traded to the Islands with
+      Provisions, and by that Means provide themselves with Bread, Flower, and
+      other Necessaries. An Account of the Provisions were taken, and finding
+      they had Provisions for four Months. Captain <i>Misson</i> called all
+      Hands upon Deck, and told them, as the Council differed in the Course they
+      should steer, he thought it reasonable to have it put to the Vote of the
+      whole Company. That for his Part, he was for going to the Coast of <i>Guiney</i>,
+      where they might reasonably expect to meet with valuable Prizes; but
+      should they fail in their Expectation one Way, they would be sure of
+      having it answered another; for they could then throw themselves in that
+      of the <i>East-India</i> Ships, and he need not tell them, that the
+      outward bound dreined <i>Europe</i> of what Money they drew from America.
+      He then gave the Sentiments of those who were against him, and their
+      Reasons, and begg'd that every one would give his Opinion and Vote
+      according as he thought most conducive to the Good of all. That he should
+      be far from taking it ill if they should reject what he had proposed,
+      since he had no private Views to serve. The Majority of Votes fell on the
+      Captain's Side, and they accordingly shaped their Course for the Coast of
+      Guiney, in which Voyage nothing remarkable happened. On their Arrival on
+      the Gold-Coast, they fell in with the <i>Nieuwstadt</i> of <i>Amsterdam</i>,
+      a Ship of 18 Guns, commanded by Capt. <i>Blacs</i>, who made a running
+      Fight of five Glasses: This Ship they kept with them, putting on Board 40
+      Hands, and bringing all the Prisoners on Board the <i>Victoire</i>, they
+      were Forty three in Number, they left <i>Amsterdam</i> with Fifty six,
+      seven were killed in the Engagement, and they had lost six by Sickness and
+      Accidents, one falling overboard, and one being taken by a Shark going
+      overboard in a Calm.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The <i>Nieuwstadt</i> had some Gold-Dust on Board, to the Value of about
+      2000 l. Sterling, and a few Slaves to the Number of Seventeen, for she had
+      but begun to Trade; the Slaves were a strengthening of their Hands, for
+      the Captain order'd them to be cloathed out of Dutch Mariners Chests, and
+      told his Men, 'That the Trading for those of our own Species, cou'd never
+      be agreeable to the Eyes of divine Justice: That no Man had Power or the
+      Liberty of another; and while those who profess'd a more enlightened
+      Knowledge of the Deity, sold Men like Beasts; they prov'd that their
+      Religion was no more than Grimace, and that they differ'd from the <i>Barbarians</i>
+      in Name only, since their Practice was in nothing more humane: For his
+      Part, and he hop'd, he spoke the Sentiments of all his brave Companions,
+      he had not exempted his Neck from the galling Yoak of Slavery, and
+      asserted his own Liberty, to enslave others. That however, these Men were
+      distinguish'd from the <i>Europeans</i> by their Colour, Customs, or
+      religious Rites, they were the Work of the same omnipotent Being, and
+      endued with equal Reason: Wherefore, he desired they might be treated like
+      Freemen (for he wou'd banish even the Name of Slavery from among them)'
+      and divided into Messes among them, to the End they might the sooner learn
+      their Language, be sensible of the Obligation they had to them, and more
+      capable and zealous to defend that Liberty they owed to their Justice and
+      Humanity.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This Speech of <i>Misson</i>'s was received with general Applause, and the
+      Ship rang with <i>vive le Capitain</i> Misson. Long live Capt. <i>Misson</i>.&mdash;The
+      Negroes were divided among the <i>French</i>, one to a Mess, who, by their
+      Gesticulations, shew'd they were gratefully sensible of their being
+      delivered from their Chains. Their Ship growing very foul, and going
+      heavily through the Water, they run into the River of <i>Lagoa</i>, where
+      they hove her down, taking out such Planks as had suffer'd most by the
+      Worms, and substituting new in their Room.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      After this they careened the Prize, and so put out to Sea, steering to the
+      Southward, and keeping along the Coast, but met with Nothing. All this
+      while, the greatest Decorum and Regularity was observed on Board the <i>Victoire</i>;
+      but the <i>Dutch</i> Prisoners Example began to lead 'em into Swearing and
+      Drunkenness, which the Captain remarking, thought it was best to nip these
+      Vices in the Bud; and calling both the <i>French</i> and <i>Dutch</i> upon
+      Deck, he address'd himself to the former, desiring their Captain, who
+      spoke French excellently well, to interpret what he said to those who did
+      not understand him. He told them, 'before he had the Misfortune of having
+      them on Board, his Ears were never grated with hearing the Name of the
+      great Creator prophaned, tho' he, to his Sorrow, had often since heard his
+      own Men guilty of that Sin, which administer'd neither Profit nor
+      Pleasure, and might draw upon them a severe Punishment: That if they had a
+      just Idea of that great Being, they wou'd never mention him, but they
+      wou'd immediately reflect on his Purity and their own Vileness. That we so
+      easily took Impression from our Company, that the <i>Spanish</i> Proverb
+      says, <i>let a Hermit and a Thief live together, the Thief wou'd become
+      Hermit, or the Hermit Thief</i>: That he saw this verified in his Ship,
+      for he cou'd attribute the Oaths and Curses he had heard among his brave
+      Companions, to nothing but the odious Example of the <i>Dutch</i>: That
+      this was not the only Vice they had introduced, for before they were on
+      Board, his Men were Men, but he found by their beastly Pattern they were
+      degenerated into Brutes, by drowning that only Faculty, which
+      distinguishes between Man and Beast, <i>Reason</i>. That as he had the
+      Honour to command them, he could not see them run into these odious Vices
+      without, a sincere Concern, as he had a paternal Affection for them; and
+      he should reproach himself as neglectful of the common Good, if he did not
+      admonish them; and as by the Post which they had honour'd him, he was
+      obliged to have a watchful Eye over their general Interest; he was obliged
+      to tell them his Sentiments were, that the <i>Dutch</i> allured them to a
+      dissolute Way of Life, that they might take some Advantage over them:
+      Wherefore, as his brave Companions, he was assured, wou'd be guided by
+      Reason, he gave the <i>Dutch</i> Notice, that the first whom he catch'd
+      either with an Oath in his Mouth or Liquor in his Head, should be brought
+      to the Geers, whipped and pickled, for an Example to the rest of his
+      Nation: As to his Friends, his Companions, his Children, those gallant,
+      those generous, noble, and heroick Souls he had the Honour to command, he
+      entreated them to allow a small Time for Reflection, and to consider how
+      little Pleasure sure, and how much Danger, might flow from imitating the
+      Vices of their Enemies; and that they would among themselves, make a Law
+      for the Suppression of what would otherwise estrange them from the Source
+      of Life, and consequently leave them destitute of his Protection.'
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      It is not to be imagined what Efficacy this Speech had on both Nations:
+      The <i>Dutch</i> grew continent in Fear of Punishment, and the <i>French</i>
+      in Fear of being reproach'd by their good Captain, for they never
+      mentioned him without this Epithet. Upon the Coast of <i>Angola</i>, they
+      met with a second Dutch Ship, the Cargo of which consisted of Silk and
+      Woolen Stuffs, Cloath, Lace, Wine, Brandy, Oyl, Spice, and hard Ware; the
+      Prize gave Chase and engaged her, but upon the coming up of the <i>Victoire</i>
+      she struck. This Ship opportunely came in their Way, and gave full Employ
+      to the Taylors, who were on Board, for the whole Crew began to be out at
+      Elbows: They plundered her of what was of Use to their own Ship, and then
+      sunk her.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Captain having about ninety Prisoners on Board, proposed the giving
+      them the Prize, with what was necessary for their Voyage, and sending them
+      away; which being agreed to, they shifted her Ammunition on Board the <i>Victoire</i>,
+      and giving them Provision to carry them to the Settlements the Dutch have
+      on the Coast, <i>Misson</i> called them up, told them what was his Design,
+      and ask'd if any of them was willing to share his Fortune: Eleven <i>Dutch</i>
+      came into him, two of which were Sail-makers, one an Armourer, and one a
+      Carpenter, necessary Hands; the rest he let go, not a little surprised at
+      the Regularity, Tranquillity, and Humanity, which they found among these
+      new fashioned Pyrates.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They had now run the Length of <i>Soldinia</i> Bay about ten Leagues to
+      the Northward of <i>Table</i> Bay. As here is good Water, safe Riding,
+      plenty of Fish and fresh Provision, to be got of the Natives for the
+      Merchandize they had on Board, it was resolved to stay here some little
+      Time for Refreshments. When they had the Bay open, they spied a tall Ship,
+      which instantly got under sail, and hove out <i>English</i> Colours. The
+      <i>Victoire</i> made a clear Ship, and hove out her <i>French</i> Ensign,
+      and a smart Engagement began. <i>The English</i> was a new Ship built for
+      40 Guns, though she had but 32 mounted, and 90 Hands. <i>Misson</i> gave
+      Orders for boarding, and his Number of fresh Men he constantly poured in,
+      after an obstinate Dispute obliged the <i>English</i> to fly the Decks,
+      and leave the <i>French</i> Masters of their Ship, who promised, and gave
+      them, good Quarters, and stripp'd not a Man.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They found on Board the Prize some Bales of <i>English</i> Broad-Cloath,
+      and about 60000 l. in <i>English</i> Crown Pieces, and <i>Spanish</i>
+      Pieces of Eight. The <i>English</i> Captain was killed in the Engagement,
+      and 14 of his Men: The <i>French</i> lost 12, which was no small
+      Mortification, but did not, however provoke them to use their Prisoners
+      harshly. Captain <i>Misson</i> was sorry for the Death of the Commander,
+      whom he buried on the Shoar, and one of his Men being a Stone-Cutter, he
+      raised a Stone over his Grave with these Words, <i>Icy gist un brave
+      Anglois</i>, Here lies a gallant <i>English</i> Man; when he was buried he
+      made a tripple Discharge of 50 small Arms, and fired Minute Guns.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The <i>English</i>, knowing whose Hands they were fallen into, charm'd
+      with <i>Misson</i>'s Humanity, 30 of them, in 3 Days Space, desired to
+      take on with him. He accepted 'em, but at the same Time gave 'em to
+      understand, that in taking on with him they were not to expect they should
+      be indulged in a dissolute and immoral Life. He now divided his Company
+      between the two Ships, and made <i>Caraccioli</i> Captain of the Prize,
+      giving him Officers chosen by the publick Suffrage. The 17 Negroes began
+      to understand a little <i>French</i>, and to be useful Hands, and in less
+      than a Month all the <i>English</i> Prisoners came over to him, except
+      their Officers.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      He had two Ships well mann'd with resolute Fellows; they now doubled the
+      Cape, and made the South End of <i>Madagascar</i>, and one of the <i>English</i>
+      Men telling Captain <i>Misson</i>, that the <i>European</i> Ships bound
+      for <i>Surat</i> commonly touch'd at the Island of <i>Johanna</i>, he sent
+      for Captain <i>Caracciola</i> on Board, and it was agreed to cruise off
+      that Island. They accordingly sailed on the West-Side of <i>Madagascar</i>
+      and off the Bay <i>de Diego</i>. About half Seas over between that Bay and
+      the Island of <i>Johanna</i>, they came up with an <i>English East-India</i>
+      Man, which made Signals of Distress as soon as she spy'd <i>Misson</i> and
+      his Prize; they found her sinking by an unexpected Leak, and took all her
+      Men on Board, though they could get little out of her before she went
+      down. The <i>English</i>, who were thus miraculously saved from perishing,
+      desired to be set on Shoar at <i>Johanna</i>, where they hop'd to meet
+      with either a <i>Dutch</i> or <i>English</i> Ship in a little Time, and
+      the mean while they were sure of Relief.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They arrived at Johanna, and were kindly received by the Queen-Regent and
+      her Brother, on account of the <i>English</i> on the one Hand, and of
+      their Strength on the other, which the Queen's Brother, who had the
+      Administration of Affairs, was not able to make Head against, and hoped
+      they might assist him against the King of <i>Mohila</i>, who threaten'd
+      him with a Visit.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      This is an Island which is contiguous, in a manner, to <i>Johanna</i>, and
+      lies about N. W. and by N. from it. <i>Caraccioli</i> told <i>Misson</i>
+      he might make his Advantage in widening the Breach between these two
+      little Monarchies, and, by offering his Assistance to that of <i>Johanna</i>,
+      in a manner rule both, For these would count him as their Protector, and
+      those come to any Terms to buy his Friendship, by which Means he would
+      hold the Ballance of Power between them. He followed this Advice, and
+      offered his Friendship and Assistance to the Queen, who very readily
+      embraced it.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      I must advise the Reader, that many of this Island speak <i>English</i>,
+      and that the <i>English</i> Men who were of <i>Misson's</i> Crew, and his
+      Interpreters, told them, their Captain, though not an <i>Englishman</i>,
+      was their Friend and Ally, and a Friend and Brother to the <i>Johanna</i>
+      Men, for they esteem the <i>English</i> beyond all other Nations.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      They were supplied by the Queen with all Necessaries of Life, and <i>Misson</i>
+      married her Sister, as <i>Caraccioli</i> did the Daughter of her Brother,
+      whose Armory, which consisted before of no more than two rusty Fire-Locks,
+      and three Pistols, he furnish'd with thirty Fuzils, as many Pair of
+      Pistols, and gave him two Barrels of Powder, and four of Ball.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Several of his Men took Wives, and some requited their Share of the
+      Prizes, which was justly given them, they designing to settle in this
+      Island, but the Number of these did not exceed ten, which Loss was
+      repaired by thirty of the Crew (they had saved from perishing) coming in
+      to him.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      While they past their Time in all manner of Diversions the Place would
+      afford them, as hunting, feasting, and visiting the Island, the King of <i>Mohila</i>
+      made a Descent, and alarm'd the whole Country. <i>Misson</i> advised the
+      Queen's Brother not to give him any Impediment, but let him get into the
+      Heart of the Island, and he would take Care to intercept their Return; but
+      the Prince answered, should he follow his Advice the Enemy would do him
+      and the Subjects an irreparable Damage, in destroying the Cocoa Walks, and
+      for that Reason he must endeavour to stop his Progress. Upon this Answer
+      he asked the <i>English</i> who were not under his Command, if they were
+      willing to join him in repelling the Enemies of their common Host, and one
+      and all consenting, he gave them Arms, and mixed them with his own Men,
+      and about the same Number of <i>Johannians</i>, under the Command of <i>Caraccioli</i>
+      and the Queen's Brother, and arming out all his Boats, he went himself to
+      the Westward of the Island, where they made their Descent. The Party which
+      went by Land, fell in with, and beat the <i>Mohilians</i> with great Ease,
+      who were in the greatest Consternation, to find their Retreat cut off by
+      <i>Misson</i>'s Boats. The <i>Johannians</i>, whom they had often
+      molested, were so enraged, that they gave Quarter to none, and out of 300
+      who made the Descent, if <i>Misson</i> and <i>Caraccioli</i> had not
+      interposed, not a Soul had escaped; 113 were taken Prisoners by his Men,
+      and carried on Board his Ships. These he sent fate to <i>Mohila</i>, with
+      a Message to the King, to desire he would make Peace with his Friend and
+      Ally the King of <i>Johanna</i>; but that Prince, little affected with the
+      Service done him in the Preservation of his Subjects, sent him Word he
+      took Laws from none, and knew when to make War and Peace without his
+      Advice, which he neither asked nor wanted. <i>Misson</i>, irritated by
+      this rude Answer, resolved to transfer the War into his own Country, and
+      accordingly set sail for <i>Mohila</i>, with about 100 <i>Johanna</i> Men.
+      The Shoar, on Sight of the Ships, was filled with Men to hinder a Descent
+      if intended, but the great Guns soon dispersed this Rabble, and under
+      their Cover he landed the <i>Johannians</i>, and an equal Number of <i>French</i>
+      and <i>English</i>. They were met by about 700 <i>Mohilians</i>, who
+      pretended to stop their Passage, but their Darts and Arrows were of little
+      avail against <i>Misson</i>'s Fuzils; the first Discharge made a great
+      Slaughter, and about 20 Shells which were thrown among them, put them to a
+      confus'd Flight. The Party of <i>Europeans</i> and <i>Johannians</i> then
+      marched to their Metropolis, without Resistance, which they reduced to
+      Ashes, and the <i>Johannians</i> cut down all the Cocoa Walks that they
+      could for the Time, for towards Evening they returned to their Ships, and
+      stood off to Sea.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      At their Return to <i>Johanna</i> the Queen made a Festival, and magnified
+      the Bravery and Service of her Guests, Friends, and Allies. This Feast
+      lasted four Days, at the Expiration of which Time the Queen's Brother
+      proposed to Captain <i>Misson</i> the making another Descent, in which he
+      would go in Person, and did not doubt subjecting the <i>Mohilians</i>; but
+      this was not the Design of <i>Misson</i>, who had Thoughts of fixing a
+      Retreat on the North West Side of <i>Madagascar</i>, and look'd upon the
+      Feuds between these two Islands advantageous to his Views, and therefore
+      no way his Interest to suffer the one to overcome the other; for while the
+      Variance was kept up, and their Forces pretty much upon a Level, it was
+      evident their Interest would make both Sides caress him; he therefore
+      answer'd, that they ought to deliberate on the Consequences, for they
+      might be deceived in their Hopes, and find the Conquest less easy than
+      they imagined. That the King of <i>Mohilia</i> would be more upon his
+      Guard, and not only intrench himself, but gall them with frequent
+      Ambuscades, by which they must inevitably lose a Number of Men; and, if
+      they were forced to retire with Loss, raise the Courage of the <i>Mohilians</i>,
+      and make them irreconcilable Enemies to the <i>Johannians</i>, and
+      intirely deprive him of the Advantages with which he might now make a
+      Peace, having twice defeated them: That he could not be always with them,
+      and at his leaving <i>Johanna</i> he might expect the King of <i>Mohilia</i>
+      would endeavour to take a bloody Revenge for the late Damages. The Queen
+      gave intirely into <i>Misson's</i> Sentiments.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      While this was in Agitation four <i>Mohilians</i> arrived as Ambassadors
+      to propose a Peace. They finding the <i>Johannians</i> upon high Terms,
+      one of them spoke to this Purpose; O ye Johannians, <i>do not conclude
+      from your late Success, that Fortune will be always favourable; she will
+      not always give you the Protection of the</i> Europeans, <i>and without
+      their Help its possible you might now sue for a Peace, which you seem
+      averse to. Remember the Sun rises, comes to its Meridian Height, and stays
+      not there, but declines in a Moment. Let this admonish you to reflect on
+      the constant Revolution of all sublunary Affairs, and the greater is your
+      Glory, the nearer you are to your Declension. We are taught by every Thing
+      we see, that there is no Stability in the World, but Nature is in
+      continual Movement. The Sea, which o'er flows the Sands has its Bounds
+      set, which it cannot pass, which the Moment it has reached, without
+      abiding, returns back to the Bottom of the Deep. Every Herb, every Shrub
+      and Tree, and even our own Bodies, teach us this Lesson, that nothing is
+      durable, or can be counted upon. Time passes away insensibly, one Sun
+      follows another, and brings its Changes with it. To-Day's Globe of Light
+      sees you strengthened by these</i> Europeans <i>elate with victory, and
+      we, who have been used to conquer you, come to ask a Peace. To Morrow's
+      Sun may see you deprived of your present Succours, and the</i> Johannians
+      <i>petitioning us; as therefore we cannot say what to Morrow may bring
+      forth, it would be unwise on uncertain Hopes to forego a certain
+      Advantage, as surely Peace ought to be esteem'd by every wise Man</i>.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Having said this, the Ambassadors withdrew, and were treated by the
+      Queen's Orders. After the Council had concluded, they were again call'd
+      upon, and the Queen told them, that by the Advice of her good Friends, the
+      <i>Europeans</i>, and those of her Council, she agreed to make a Peace,
+      which she wish'd might banish all Memory of former Injuries That they must
+      own the War was begun by them, and that she was far from being the
+      Agressor; she only defended her self in her own Kingdom, which they had
+      often invaded, though, till within few Days, she had never molested their
+      Coasts. If then they really desired to live amicably with her, they must
+      resolve to send two of the King's Children, and ten of the first Nobility,
+      as Hostages, that they might, when they pleased, return, for that was the
+      only Terms on which she would desist prosecuting the Advantages she now
+      had, with the utmost Vigour.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Ambassadors returned with this Answer, and, about ten Days after, the
+      two Ships appearing upon their Coasts, they sent off to give Notice, that
+      their King comply'd with the Terms proposed, would send the Hostages, and
+      desired a Cessation of all Hostility, and, at the same Time, invited the
+      Commanders on Shoar. The <i>Johanna</i> Men on Board disswaded their
+      accepting the Invitation; but <i>Misson</i> and <i>Caraccioli</i>, fearing
+      nothing, went, but arm'd their Boat's Crew. They were received by the King
+      with Demonstrations of Friendship, and they dined with him under a
+      Tamerane Tree; but when they parted from him, and were returning to their
+      Boats, they were inclosed by, at least, 100 of the <i>Mohilians</i>, who
+      set upon them with the utmost Fury, and, in the first Flight of Arrows,
+      wounded both the Captains, and killed four of their Boat's Crew of eight,
+      who were with them; they, in return, discharged their Pistols with some
+      Execution, and fell in with their Cutlasses; but all their Bravery would
+      have stood them in little Stead, had not the Report of their Pistols
+      alarm'd and brought the rest of their Friends to their Assistance, who
+      took their Fuzils, and coming up while they were engaged, discharged a
+      Volley on the Back of the Assailants, which laid twelve of them dead on
+      the Spot. The Ships hearing this Fire, sent immediately the Yawls and
+      Long-Boats well mann'd. Though the Islanders were a little damp'd in their
+      Courage by this Fire of the Boats Crew, yet they did not give over the
+      Fight, and one of them desperately threw himself upon <i>Caraccioli</i>,
+      and gave him a deep Wound in his Side, with a long Knife, but he paid for
+      the Rashness of the Attempt with his Life, one of the Crew cleaving his
+      Skull. The Yawls and Long-Boats now arrived, and being guided by the
+      Noise, reinforced their Companions, put the Traytors to Flight, and
+      brought off their dead and wounded. The <i>Europeans</i> lost by this
+      Treachery seven slain outright, and eight wounded, six of which recovered.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Crew were resolved to revenge the Blood of their Officers and Comrades
+      the next Day, and were accordingly on the Point of Landing, when two
+      Canoes came off with two Men bound, the pretended Authors of this Treason,
+      without the King's Knowledge, who had sent 'em that they might receive the
+      Punishment due to their Villany. The <i>Johanna</i> Men on Board were
+      call'd for Interpreters, who having given this Account, added, that the
+      King only sacrificed these Men, but that they should not believe him, for
+      he certainly had given Orders for assassinating the <i>Europeans</i>; and
+      the better Way was to kill all the <i>Mohilians</i> that came in the
+      Canoes as well as the two Prisoners; go back to <i>Johanna</i>, take more
+      of their Countrymen, and give no Peace to Traytors; but <i>Misson</i> was
+      for no such violent Measures, he was averse to every Thing that bore the
+      Face of Cruelty and thought a bloody Revenge, if Necessity did not enforce
+      it, spoke a groveling and timid Soul; he, therefore, sent those of the
+      Canoes back, and bid them tell their King, if before the Evening he sent
+      the Hostages agreed upon, he should give Credit to his Excuse, but if he
+      did not, he should believe him the Author of the late vile Attempt on his
+      Life.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Canoes went off but returned not with an Answer, wherefore, he bid the
+      <i>Johanna</i> Men tell the two Prisoners that they should be set on Shore
+      the next Morning, and order'd them to acquaint their King, he was no
+      Executioner to put those to Death whom he had condemn'd, but that he
+      should find, he knew how to revenge himself of his Treason. The Prisoners
+      being unbound, threw themselves at his Feet, and begg'd that he would not
+      send them ashore, for they should be surely put to Death, for the Crime
+      they had committed, was, the dissuading the barbarous Action of which they
+      were accused as Authors.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Next Day the two Ships landed 200 Men, under the Cover of their Canon; but
+      that Precaution of bringing their Ships close to the Shore they found
+      needless; not a soul appearing, they march'd two Leagues up the Country,
+      when they saw a Body of Men appear behind some Shrubs; <i>Caraccioli's</i>
+      Lieutenant, who commanded the right Wing, with fifty Men made up to them,
+      but found he had got among Pit Falls artificially cover'd, several of his
+      Men falling into them, which made him halt, and not pursue those <i>Mohilians</i>
+      who made a feint Retreat to ensnare him, thinking it dangerous to proceed
+      farther; and seeing no Enemy would face them, they retired the same Way
+      they came, and getting into their Boats, went on Board the Ships,
+      resolving to return with a strong Reinforcement, and make Descents at one
+      and the same Time in different Parts of the Island. They ask'd the two
+      Prisoners how the Country lay, and what the Soil was on the North Side the
+      Island; and they answer'd it was morass, and the most dangerous Part to
+      attempt, it being a Place where they shelter on any imminent Danger.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Ships return'd to <i>Johanna</i>, where the greatest Tenderness and
+      Care was shown for the Recovery and Cure of the two Captains and of their
+      Men; they lay six Weeks before they were able to walk the Decks, for
+      neither of them would quit his Ship. Their <i>Johanna</i> Wives expressed
+      a Concern they did not think them capable of, nay, a Wife of one of the
+      wounded Men who died, stood some Time looking upon the Corpse as
+      motionless as a Statue, then embracing it, without shedding a Tear,
+      desired she might take it ashore to wash and bury it; and at the same
+      Time, by an Interpreter, and with a little Mixture of <i>European</i>
+      Language, she had, begg'd her late Husband's Friends would take their
+      Leave of him the next Day.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Accordingly a Number went ashore, and carried with them the Dividend,
+      which fell to his Share, which the Captain order'd to be given his Widow;
+      when she saw the Money, she smil'd, and ask'd if all, all that was for
+      her? Being answered in the affirmative, and what Good will all that
+      shining Dirt do me, if I could with it purchase the Life of my Husband,
+      and call him back from the Grave, I would accept it with Pleasure, but as
+      it is not sufficient to allure him back to this World, I have no Use for
+      it; do with it what you please. Then she desired they would go with her
+      and perform the last Ceremonies to her Husband's dead Body, after their
+      Country Fashion, least he should be displeased, that she could not stay
+      with them, to be a Witness, because she was in haste to go and be married
+      again. She startled the <i>Europeans</i> who heard this latter Part of her
+      Speech so dissonant from the Beginning; however, they followed her, and
+      she led them into a Plantane Walk, where they found a great many <i>Johanna</i>
+      Men and Women, sitting under the Shade of Plantanes, round the Corpse,
+      which lay (as they all sate) on the Ground, covered with Flowers. She
+      embraced them round, and then the <i>Europeans</i>, one by one, and after
+      these Ceremonies, she poured out a Number of bitter Imprecations against
+      the <i>Mohila</i> Men, whose Treachery had darken'd her Husband's Eyes,
+      and made him insensible of her Caresses, who was her first Love, to whom
+      she had given her Heart, with her Virginity. She then proceeded in his
+      Praises, calling him the Joy of Infants, the Love of Virgins, the Delight
+      of the old, and the Wonder of the young, adding, he was strong and
+      beautiful as the Cedar, brave as the Bull, tender as the Kid, and loving
+      as the Ground Turtle; having finished this Oration, not unlike those of
+      the <i>Romans</i>, which the nearest Relation of the deceas'd used to
+      pronounce from the Rostrum, she laid her down by the Side of her Husband,
+      embracing him, and sitting up again, gave herself a deep Wound under the
+      left Breast with a Bayonet, and fell dead on her Husband's Corpse.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The <i>Europeans</i> were astonished at the Tenderness and Resolution of
+      the Girl, for she was not, by what Her Mien spoke her, past seventeen; and
+      they now admired, as much as they had secretly detested her, for saying
+      she was in haste to be married again, the Meaning of which they did not
+      understand.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      After the Husband and Wife were buried, the Crew return'd on Board, and
+      gave an Account of what had pass'd; the Captains Wives (for <i>Misson</i>
+      and his were on Board the <i>Bijoux</i>, the Name they had given their
+      Prize from her Make and Gilding) seem'd not in the least surprized, and <i>Caraccioli's</i>
+      Lady only said, she must be of noble Descent, for none but the Families of
+      the Nobility had the Privilege allowed them of following their Husbands on
+      pain, if they transgressed, of being thrown into the Sea, to be eat by
+      Fish; and they knew, that their Souls could not rest as long as any of the
+      Fish, who fed upon them, lived. <i>Misson</i> asked, if they intended to
+      have done the same Thing had they died? We should not, answer'd his Wife,
+      have disgraced our Families; nor is our Tenderness for our Husbands
+      inferior to hers whom you seem to admire.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      After their Recovery, <i>Misson</i> proposes a Cruize, on the Coast of <i>Zangueber</i>,
+      which being agreed to, he and <i>Caraccioli</i> took Leave of the Queen
+      and her Brother, and would have left their Wives on the Island, but they
+      could by no Means be induced to the Separation; it was in vain to urge the
+      Shortness of the Time they were to Cruize; they answer'd it was farther
+      than <i>Mohila</i> they intended to go, and if they were miserable in that
+      short Absence, they could never support a longer; and if they would not
+      allow them to keep them Company the Voyage, they must not expect to see
+      them at their Return, if they intended one.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      In a Word they were obliged to yield to them, but told them, if the Wives
+      of their Men should insist as strongly on following their Example, their
+      Tenderness, would be their Ruin, and make them a Prey to their Enemies;
+      they answer'd the Queen should prevent that, by ordering no Woman should
+      go on board, and if any were in the Ships, they should return on Shore:
+      This Order was accordingly made, and they set Sail for the River of <i>Mozembique</i>.
+      In about ten Days Cruize after they had left <i>Johanna</i>, and about 15
+      Leagues to the Eastward of this River, they fell in with a stout <i>Portuguese</i>
+      Ship of 60 Guns, which engaged them from Break of Day till Two in the
+      Afternoon, when the Captain being killed, and a great Number of Men lost,
+      she struck: This proved a very rich Prize, for she had the Value of 250000
+      <i>L</i>. Sterling on Board, in Gold-Dust. The two Women never quitted the
+      Decks all the Time of the Engagement, neither gave they the least Mark of
+      Fear, except for their Husbands: This Engagement cost them thirty Men, and
+      <i>Caraccioli</i> lost his right Leg; the Slaughter fell mostly on the <i>English</i>,
+      for of the above Number, twenty were of that Nation: The <i>Portuguese</i>
+      lost double the Number. <i>Caraccioli's</i> Wound made them resolve to
+      make the best of their Way for <i>Johanna</i> where the greatest Care was
+      taken of their wounded, not one of whom died, tho' their Number amounted
+      to Twenty seven.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>Caraccioli</i> kept his Bed two Months, but <i>Misson</i> seeing him in
+      a fair way of Recovery, took what Hands could be spar'd from the <i>Bijoux</i>,
+      leaving her sufficient for Defence, and went out, having mounted ten of
+      the <i>Portuguese</i> Guns, for he had hitherto carried but thirty, though
+      he had Ports for forty. He stretched over to <i>Madagascar</i>, and
+      coasted along this Island to the Northward, as far as the most northerly
+      Point, when turning back, he enter'd a Bay to the northward of <i>Diego
+      Suares</i>. He run ten Leagues up this Bay, and on the larboard Side found
+      it afforded a large, and safe, Harbour, with plenty of fresh Water. He
+      came here to an Anchor, went ashore and examined into the Nature of the
+      Soil, which he found rich, the Air wholesome, and the Country level. He
+      told his Men, that this was an excellent Place for an Asylum, and that he
+      determined here to fortify and raise a small Town, and make Docks for
+      Shipping, that they might have some Place to call their own; and a
+      Receptacle, when Age or Wounds had render'd them incapable of Hardship,
+      where they might enjoy the Fruits of their Labour, and go to their Graves
+      in Peace. That he would not, however, set about this, till he had the
+      Approbation of the whole Company; and were he sure they would all approve
+      this Design, which he hoped, it being evidently for the general Good, he
+      should not think it adviseable to begin any Works, lest the Natives
+      should, in his Absence, destroy them; but however, as they had nothing
+      upon their Hands, if they were of his Opinion, they might begin to fall
+      and square Timber, ready for the raising a wooden Fort, when they return'd
+      with their Companions.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Captain's Motion was universally applauded, and in ten Days they
+      fell'd and rough hew'd a hundred and fifty large Trees, without any
+      Interruption from, or seeing any of, the Inhabitants. They fell'd their
+      Timber at the Waters Edge, so that they had not the Trouble of hawling
+      them any way, which would have employ'd a great deal more Time: They
+      returned again, and acquainted their Companions with what they had seen
+      and done, and with the Captain's Resolution, which they one and all came
+      into.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      Captain <i>Misson</i> then told the Queen, as he had been serviceable to
+      her in her War with the Island of <i>Mohila</i>, and might continue to be
+      of farther Use, he did not question her lending him Assistance in the
+      settling himself on the Coast of <i>Madagascar</i>, and to that end,
+      furnish him with 300 Men, to help in his Buildings; the Queen answered,
+      she could do nothing without Consent of Council, and that she would
+      assemble her Nobility, and did not question their agreeing to any Thing he
+      could reasonably define, for they were sensible of the Obligations the <i>Johanians</i>
+      had to him. The Council was accordingly called, and <i>Misson</i>'s Demand
+      being told, one of the eldest said, he did not think it expedient to
+      comply with it, nor safe to refuse; that they should in agreeing to give
+      him that Assistance, help to raise a Power, which might prove formidable
+      to themselves, by the being so near a Neighbour; and these Men who had
+      lately protected, might, when they found it for their Interest, enslave
+      them. On the other hand, if they did not comply, they had the Power to do
+      them great Damage. That they were to make choice of the least of two
+      possible Evils, for he could prognosticate no Good to <i>Johanna</i>, by
+      their settling near it. Another answered, that many of them had <i>Johanna</i>
+      Wives, that it was not likely they would make Enemies of the <i>Johanna</i>
+      Men at first settling, because their Friendship might be of Use to them;
+      and from their Children there was nothing to be apprehended in the next
+      Generation, for they would be half their own Blood; that in the mean
+      while, if they comply'd with the Request, they might be sure of an Ally,
+      and Protector, against the King of <i>Mohila</i>; wherefore, he was for
+      agreeing to the Demand.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      After a long Debate, in which every Inconvenience, and Advantage, was
+      maturely considered, it was agreed to send with him the Number of Men he
+      required, on Condition he should send them back in four Moons, make an
+      Alliance with them, and War against <i>Mohila</i>; this being agreed to,
+      they staid till <i>Caraccioli</i> was thoroughly recovered, then putting
+      the <i>Johannians</i> on board the <i>Portuguese</i> Ship with 40 <i>French</i>
+      and <i>English</i> and 15 <i>Portuguese</i> to work her, and setting Sail,
+      they arrived at the Place where <i>Misson</i> designed his Settlement,
+      which he called <i>Libertalia</i>, and gave the Name of <i>Liberi</i> to
+      his People, desiring in that might be drown'd the distingush'd Names of <i>French</i>,
+      <i>English</i>, <i>Dutch</i>, <i>Africans</i>, &amp;c.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The first Thing they sat about was, the raising a Fort on each Side the
+      Harbour, which they made of an octogon Figure, and having finished and
+      mounted them with 40 Guns taken out of the <i>Portuguese</i>, they raised
+      a Battery on an Angle of ten Guns, and began to raise Houses and Magazines
+      under the Protection of their Forts and Ships; the <i>Portuguese</i> was
+      unrigg'd, and all her Sails and Cordage carefully laid up. While they were
+      very busily employed in the raising a Town, a Party which had often hunted
+      and rambled four or five Leagues off their Settlement, resolved to venture
+      farther into the Country. They made themselves some Huts, at about 4
+      Leagues distance from their Companions, and travell'd East South East,
+      about 5 Leagues farther into the Country, when they came up with a Black,
+      who was arm'd with a Bow, Arrows, and a Javelin; they with a friendly
+      Appearance engaged the Fellow to lay by his Fear and go with them. They
+      carried him to their Companions, and there entertained him three Days with
+      a great Deal of Humanity, and then returned with him near the Place they
+      found him, made him a Present of a Piece of scarlet Baze, and an Ax; he
+      appeared overjoy'd at the Present, and left them with seeming
+      Satisfaction.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      The Hunters imagined that there might be some Village not far off, and
+      observing that he look'd at the Sun, and then took his Way direct South,
+      they travell'd on the same Point of the Compass, and from the Top of a
+      Hill they spied a pretty large Village, and went down to it; the Men came
+      out with their Arms, such as before described, Bows, Arrows, and Javelins,
+      but upon two only of the Whites advancing, with Presents of Axes, and Baze
+      in their Hands, they sent only four to meet them. The Misfortune was, that
+      they could not understand one another, but by their pointing to the Sun,
+      and holding up one Finger, and making one of them go forward, and return
+      again with shewing their Circumcision, and pointing up to Heaven with one
+      Finger, they apprehended, they gave them to understand, there was but one
+      God, who had sent one Prophet, and concluded from thence, and their
+      Circumcision they were <i>Mahometans</i>; the Presents were carried to
+      their Chief, and he seem'd to receive them kindly, and by Signs invited
+      the Whites into their Village; but they, remembring the late Treachery of
+      the <i>Mohilians</i>, made Signs for Victuals to be brought them where
+      they were.
+    </p>
+    <p>
+      <i>More of the History of these Adventurers in another Place.</i>
+    </p>
+    <div style="height: 6em;">
+      <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
+    </div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Of Captain Mission, by Daniel Defoe
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Of Captain Mission, by Daniel Defoe
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Of Captain Mission
+
+Author: Daniel Defoe
+
+
+Release Date: March, 2005 [EBook #7779]
+This file was first posted on May 16, 2003
+Last updated: May 1, 2013
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OF CAPTAIN MISSION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Starner, Deirdre Menchaca, Ted Garvin
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+OF CAPTAIN MISSON
+
+From "The History Of The Pyrates. Vol. II."
+
+
+By Daniel Defoe
+
+
+GENERAL EDITORS
+
+Richard C. Boys, _University of Michigan_ Ralph Cohen, _University of
+California, Los Angeles_ Vinton A. Dearing, _University of California,
+Los Angeles_ Lawrence Clark Powell, _Clark Memorial Library_
+
+
+ASSISTANT EDITOR
+
+W. Earl Britton, _University of Michigan_
+
+
+ADVISORY EDITORS
+
+Emmett L. Avery, _State College of Washington_ Benjamin Boyce, _Duke
+University_ Louis Bredvold, _University of Michigan_ John Butt,
+_University of Edinburgh_ James L. Clifford, _Columbia University_
+Arthur Friedman, _University of Chicago_ Louis A. Landa, _Princeton
+University_ Samuel H. Monk, _University of Minnesota_ Ernest C. Mossner,
+_University of Texas_ James Sutherland, _University College, London_
+H.T. Swedenberg, Jr., _University of California, Los Angeles_
+
+
+CORRESPONDING SECRETARY
+
+Edna C. Davis, _Clark Memorial Library_
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION
+
+
+Defoe has been recognized as the author of _A General History of the
+Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious Pyrates_ since 1932 when
+John Robert Moore suggested that the supposed author, Captain Charles
+Johnson, like Andrew Moreton, Kara Selym or Captain Roberts, was merely
+another mask for the creator of _Robinson Crusoe_. Although most of the
+first volume is of minor literary importance, the second section which
+appeared in 1728 as _The History of the Pyrates_ commenced with a life
+"Of Captain Misson and His Crew," one of Defoe's most remarkable and
+neglected works of fiction. In much the same manner and at the same time
+that John Gay was satirizing Walpole's government in _The Beggar's
+Opera_, Defoe began to use his pirates as a commentary on the injustice
+and hypocrisy of contemporary English society. Among Defoe's gallery of
+pirates are Captain White, who refused to rob from women and children;
+Captain Bellamy, the proletarian revolutionist; and captain North, whose
+sense of justice and honesty was a rebuke to the corruption of
+government under Walpole. But the fictional Captain Misson, the founder
+of a communist utopia, is by far the most original of these creations.
+
+If we were to accept the view of nineteenth-century critics, that Defoe
+was one of the earliest exponents of _laissez faire_, his creation of a
+communist utopia would seem remarkable indeed. But paradoxes fascinated
+Defoe, and his ideas can seldom be reduced to unambiguous platitudes. He
+was especially fascinated by the comparison between businessmen and
+thieves. In 1707 he urged the government to pardon the Madagascar
+pirates if they agreed to stop their crimes, pay a large sum of money
+and "become honest Freeholders, as others of our _West-India_ Pyrates,
+_Merchants I should have said_, have done before them." And he noted
+that "it would make a sad Chasm on the _Exchange of London_, if all the
+Pyrates should be taken away from the Merchants there."[1] Twelve years
+later just before the start of the South Sea Bubble, Defoe attacked
+stock-jobbing as "a Branch of Highway Robbing."[2]
+
+Although these attacks were directed mainly at "trade thieves" and
+corruptions in business practices, they reflect Defoe's growing concern
+with problems of poverty and wealth in England. In his preface to the
+first volume of the _General History of the Pyrates_, Defoe argued that
+the unemployed seaman had no choice but to "_steal or starve_." When the
+pirate, Captain Bellamy, boards a merchant ship from Boston, he attacks
+the inequality of capitalist society, the ship owners, and most of all,
+the Captain:
+
+_damn ye, you are a sneaking Puppy, and so are all those who will submit
+to be governed by Laws which rich Men have made for their own Security,
+for the cowardly Whelps have not the Courage otherwise to defend what
+they get by their Knavery; but damn ye altogether: Damn them for a Pack
+of crafty Rascals, and you, who serve them, for a Parcel of hen-hearted
+Numskuls. They villify us, the Scoundrels do, when there is only this
+Difference, they rob the Poor under the Cover of Law, forsooth, and we
+plunder the Rich under the Protection of our own Courage._[3]
+
+Bellamy asks the crew of the captured ship to abandon the slavery of
+working for low wages under severe captains for the complete economic
+and political equality of life on a pirate ship.
+
+Government on Captain Misson's ship, the _Victoire_, and in the colony
+of Libertalia is partially an idealization of the pirate's creed. But
+two other elements which must be considered are, first, the concept of
+government in the state of nature, and secondly, the ideal of the
+socialist utopia. Most political theorists of Defoe's time postulated a
+state of nature in which man lived either entirely free from government
+or under loose patriarchal control, from which he was removed either by
+the invention of money, the discovery of agriculture or by some crime.
+To a certain extent, Misson's pirate government may be regarded as a
+stage in the evolution of government. In _The Farther Adventures of
+Robinson Crusoe_, Defoe showed how government evolved from the anarchy
+of the state of nature. Both Crusoe's colony and Libertalia are
+eventually forced to establish government, private property and criminal
+laws, but Libertalia, which retains its egalitarian and democratic
+character, is overthrown by its failure to account for human evil and
+crime.
+
+A second influence on Captain Misson's ideology is Plutarch's
+description of the laws of Sparta and Rome. Even during the
+"Anti-Communist Period" which followed the Glorious Revolution, the
+well-regulated state of the Lacedemonians remained the norm for Utopias.
+The influence of Plutarch pervades the biographies in the _General
+History of the Pyrates._ Lycurgus' laws echo throughout Misson's attacks
+on luxury and the unequal distribution of wealth, while Plutarch's study
+of Spartacus, which is mentioned in Defoe's preface, may well have been
+the model for his hero.
+
+But neither the desire to regain the purity of the state of nature nor
+an admiration for Spartan simplicity entirely explain Misson's vigorous
+demand for freedom and his attacks on the corruption of the ruling
+class. By refusing to fly the pirate flag, Misson dramatizes the growing
+revolt of the poor against a useless nobility. The crew of the
+_Victoire_ are, prophetically enough, French. Their aspiration is for a
+society following the precepts of _la carriere ouverte aux talents_;
+their revolt is that of a few courageous men unafraid to engage in the
+pirate's "war against mankind" while those of lesser courage "dance to
+the Musick of their Chains."
+
+Defoe's study of Misson is different from the Utopias of More, Bacon or
+Campanella in so far as there is no discovery of an ideal civilization.
+Libertalia is a Utopia which reflects a direct reaction to the abuses of
+the time--abuses of economic, political and religious freedom.
+Anticipating Beccaria's criticism of the death penalty by almost forty
+years, Carracioli argues that since man's right to life is inalienable,
+no government can have the power of capital punishment.[4] Misson's
+belief in equality is extended to include the negro slaves the
+_Victoire_ takes at sea as well as the natives of Madagascar. After
+asking the negroes to join his crew, Misson tells his men that
+the Trading for those of our own Species, could never be agreeable to
+the Eyes of divine Justice: That no Man had Power of the Liberty of
+another; and while those who profess'd a more enlightened Knowledge of
+the Deity, sold men like Beasts; they prov'd that their Religion was no
+more than Crimace...: For his Part he hop'd, he spoke the Sentiments of
+all his brave Companions, he had not exempted his Neck from the galling
+Yoak of Slavery, and asserted his own Liberty to enslave others.
+
+Slavery is banished from Misson's ship, and the negroes are schooled in
+the principles of freedom.
+
+Perhaps the most difficult problem in discussing the principles of
+Misson and Carracioli is to attempt an explanation of why Defoe, a
+Presbyterian, should have made his protagonists into deists. Defoe
+attacks Carracioli's deistic arguments through his narrator, Captain
+Johnson, who remarks that such ideas are pernicious only to "weak Men
+who cannot discover their Fallacy." But since similar ideas appear in
+Robert _Drury's Journal_ published a year later, it may be assumed that
+the arguments of the deists held a certain fascination for Defoe at this
+time. Carracioli's deism also has a dramatic function in the story. That
+on a voyage to Rome a young man like Misson should be converted to deism
+by a disillusioned "lewd" priest was in harmony with the traditional
+English belief in the dangers of Italy.[5] That Carracioli should
+combine the rebellion against organized religion with the revolt against
+monarchy is indicative of Defoe's keen apprehension of the future course
+of history.
+
+Considered as a short novel, the history "Of Captain Misson and his
+Crew" reveals many of the same techniques which Defoe used in his longer
+works. To gain a sense of verisimilitude the narrator pretends to be
+working from a manuscript, a device which Defoe also employed in his
+_Memoirs of a Cavalier_. As in _Colonel Jack_ real historical figures
+and events from the War of the Spanish Succession are woven into the
+adventures of the _Victoire_. Captain Misson and his crew sink the
+Winchelsea, an English ship lost in the West Indies at the end of
+August, 1707, and they barely escape from Admiral Wager's fleet which
+fought a famous battle there in 1708. Even the name of Misson's ship,
+the _Victoire_; was undoubtedly familiar to Defoe as the vessel
+commanded by the famous French corsair, Cornil Saus.[6] So convincing is
+Defoe that although his hero is shown meeting a real freebooter, Captain
+Tew, ten years after Tew's death, Misson is still included in the
+histories of piracy.[7]
+
+Also typical of Defoe's fiction is the relationship between Captain
+Misson, the leader, and his intellectual mentor, Carracioli. Colonel
+Jack and his tutor, Moll Flanders and her Governess and particularly,
+Captain Singleton and William Walters form similar groups. Just as
+William Walters, a Quaker, reminds Captain Singleton and the crew that
+their business is not fighting but making money, so Carracioli addresses
+lengthy speeches to the crew, converting everyone on the _Victoire_ to
+democracy and deism. Misson's Libertalia takes root in Madagascar, where
+Singleton wanted to establish a colony, while both Carracioli and
+Walters adapt the secular aspects of their religion to piracy. But
+whereas Walters eventually converts Singleton into an honest Christian,
+Carracioli leads Misson into piracy.
+
+In the history "Of Captain Misson and his Crew," Defoe decided to pursue
+the same method of third person narrative as in his brief biographies of
+real pirates. The result is that he merely provides a sketch of
+political theories rather than a study of human beings. Of course there
+are good reasons for this. Defoe was more interested in dramatizing
+proletarian utopian ideals than in developing the inner workings of
+Misson's mind. The novelette is unified by its epic theme, not by its
+study of character or its episodic plot.
+
+Although Defoe toyed with radical notions throughout _The History of the
+Pyrates_, he had little faith in their practicality. Libertalia must be
+understood as Defoe's best expression of political and social ideals
+which he admired but considered unworkable. The continuation of Misson's
+career in the section "Of Captain Tew" depicts the decline and fall of
+the utopia and the hero's tragic death as a disillusioned idealist.
+This, however, is another story, a story which suggested that private
+property was necessary, equality impossible and slavery a useful
+expedient for colonization. It was a far more comforting message for the
+Augustan Age, but it could not silence the tocsins of the French
+Revolution which sound throughout the speeches of Misson and Carracioli.
+
+Maximillian E. Novak University of Michigan
+
+
+
+
+Bibliographical Note
+
+The text of "Of Captain Misson and His Crew" has been reproduced from
+the Henry E. Huntington Library's first edition copy of the second
+volume of _A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most
+Notorious Pyrates_ which appeared under the title _The History of the
+Pyrates_.
+
+
+Notes to the Introduction
+
+[Footnote 1: Daniel Defoe, _A Review of the Affairs of France_, ed. A.
+W. Secord (New York, 1938), IV, 424a.]
+
+[Footnote 2: _The Anatomy of Exchange--Alley_ (London, 1719), p. 8.]
+
+[Footnote 3: _A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most
+Notorious Pyrates_ (London, 1728), II, 220.]
+
+[Footnote 4: See Cesare Beccaria, _An Essay on Crimes and Punishments_
+(Stanford, 1953), pp. 97-99.]
+
+[Footnote 5: In the previous year Defoe had written that "it was the
+most dangerous thing in the World for a young Gentleman, sober and
+virtuous, to venture into _Italy_, till he was thoroughly grounded in
+Principle, ... for that nothing was more ordinary, than for such either
+to be seduc'd, by the Subtlety of the Clergy, to embrace a false
+Religion, or by the Artifice of a worse Enemy, to give up all Religion,
+and sink into _Scepticism_ and _Deism_, or, perhaps, _Atheism_." _A New
+Family Instructor_ (London, 1727), p. 17.]
+
+[Footnote 6: See Ruth Bourne, _Queen Anne's Navy in the West Indies_
+(New Haven, 1939), pp. 63, 169-172; and _Manuscripts of the House of
+Lords_, New Series (London, 1921), VII, 117-119.]
+
+[Footnote 7: See Philip Gosse, _The History of Piracy_ (New York, 1934),
+p. 194; and Patrick Pringle, _Jolly Roger_ (London, 1953), pp. 136-138.]
+
+
+_Omne tulit punctum, qui miscuit utile dulci_.  Hor.
+
+
+
+
+THE HISTORY OF THE PYRATES. VOL. II.
+
+
+
+
+OF CAPTAIN MISSON.
+
+
+We can be somewhat particular in the Life of this Gentleman, because, by
+very great Accident, we have got into our Hands a _French_ Manuscript,
+in which he himself gives a Detail of his Actions. He was born in
+_Provence_, of an ancient Family; his Father, whose true Name he
+conceals, was Master of a plentiful Fortune; but having a great Number
+of Children, our Rover had but little Hopes of other Fortune than what
+he could carve out for himself with his Sword. His Parents took Care to
+give him an Education equal to his Birth. After he had passed his
+Humanity and Logick, and was a tolerable Mathematician, at the Age of
+Fifteen he was sent to _Angiers_, where he was a Year learning His
+Exercises. His Father, at his Return home, would have put him into the
+Musketeers; but as he was of a roving Temper, and much affected with the
+Accounts he had read in Books of Travels, he chose the Sea as a Life
+which abounds with more Variety, and would afford him an Opportunity to
+gratify his Curiosity, by the Change of Countries Having made this
+Choice, his Father, with Letters of Recommendation, and every Thing
+fitting for him, sent him Voluntier on board the _Victoire_, commanded
+by Monsieur _Fourbin_, his Relation. He was received on Board with all
+possible Regard by the Captain, whose Ship was at _Marseilles_, and was
+order'd to cruise soon after _Misson's_ Arrival. Nothing could be more
+agreeable to the Inclinations of our Voluntier than this Cruize, which
+made him acquainted with the most noted Ports of the _Mediterranean_,
+and gave him a great Insight into the practical Part of Navigation. He
+grew fond of this Life, and was resolved to be a compleat Sailor, which
+made him always one of the first on a Yard Arm, either to Hand or Reef,
+and very inquisitive in the different Methods of working a Ship: His
+Discourse was turn'd on no other Subject, and he would often get the
+Boatswain and Carpenter to teach him in their Cabbins the constituent
+Parts of a Ship's Hull, and how to rigg her, which he generously paid
+'em for; and tho' he spent a great Part of his Time with these two
+Officers, yet he behaved himself with such Prudence that they never
+attempted at a Familiarity, and always paid the Respect due to his
+Family. The Ship being at _Naples_, he obtained Leave of his Captain to
+go to _Rome_, which he had a great Desire to visit. Hence we may date
+his Misfortunes; for, remarking the licentious Lives of the Clergy (so
+different from the Regularity observ'd among the _French_
+Ecclesiasticks,) the Luxury of the Papal Court, and that nothing but
+Hulls of Religion was to be found in the Metropolis of the Christian
+Church, he began to figure to himself that all Religion was no more than
+a Curb upon the Minds of the Weaker, which the wiser Sort yielded to, in
+Appearance only. These Sentiments, so disadvantageous to Religion and
+himself, were strongly riveted by accidentally becoming acquainted with
+a lewd Priest, who was, at his Arrival (by meer Chance) his Confessor,
+and after that his Procurer and Companion, for he kept him Company to
+his Death. One Day, having an Opportunity, he told _Misson_, a Religious
+was a very good Life, where a Man had a subtle enterprising Genius, and
+some Friends; for such a one wou'd, in a short Time, rise to such
+Dignities in the Church, the Hopes of which was the Motive of all the
+wiser Sort, who voluntarily took upon them the sacerdotal Habit. That
+the ecclesiastical State was govern'd with the same Policy as were
+secular Principalities and Kingdoms; that what was beneficial, not what
+was meritorious and virtuous, would be alone regarded. That there were
+no more Hopes for a Man of Piety and Learning in the Patrimony of St.
+_Peter_, than in any other Monarchy, nay, rather less; for this being
+known to be real, that Man's rejected as a Visionary, no way fit for
+Employment; as one whose Scruples might prove prejudicial; for its a
+Maxim, that Religion and Politicks can never set up in one House. As to
+our Statesmen, don't imagine that the Purple makes 'em less Courtiers
+than are those of other Nations; they know and pursue the _Reggione del
+Stato_ (a Term of Art which means Self-Interest) with as much Cunning
+and as little Conscience as any Secular; and are as artful where Art is
+required, and as barefaced and impudent when their Power is great enough
+to support 'em, in the oppressing the People, and aggrandizing their
+Families. What their Morals are, you may read in the Practice of their
+Lives, and their Sentiments of Religion from this Saying of a certain
+Cardinal, _Quantum Lucrum ex ista fabula Christi!_ which many of 'em may
+say, tho' they are not so foolish. For my Part, I am quite tir'd of the
+Farce, and will lay hold on the first Opportunity to throw off this
+masquerading Habit; for, by Reason of my Age, I must act an under Part
+many Years; and before I can rise to share the Spoils of the People, I
+shall, I fear, be too old to enjoy the Sweets of Luxury; and, as I am an
+Enemy to Restraint, I am apprehensive I shall never act up to my
+Character, and carry thro' the Hypocrite with Art enough to rise to any
+considerable Post in the Church. My Parents did not consult my Genius,
+or they would have given me a Sword instead of a Pair of Beads.
+
+_Misson_ advised him to go with him Voluntier, and offer'd him Money to
+cloath him; the Priest leap'd at the Proposal, and a Letter coming to
+_Misson_ from his Captain, that he was going to _Leghorn_, and left to
+him either to come to _Naples_, or go by Land; he chose the latter, and
+the _Dominican_, whom he furnish'd with Money, clothing himself very
+Cavalierly, threw off his Habit, and preceeded him two Days, staying at
+_Pisa_ for _Misson_; from whence they went together to _Leghorn_, where
+they found the _Victoire_, and Signor _Caraccioli_, recommended by his
+Friend, was received on Board. Two Days after they weigh'd from hence,
+and after a Week's Cruize fell in with two _Sally_ Men, the one of
+twenty, the other of twenty four Guns; the _Victoire_ had but thirty
+mounted, though she had Ports for forty. The Engagement was long and
+bloody, for the _Sally_ Man hop'd to carry the _Victoire_; and, on the
+contrary, Captain _Fourbin_, so far from having any Thoughts of being
+taken, he was resolutely bent to make Prize of his Enemies, or sink his
+Ship. One of the _Sally_ Men was commanded by a _Spanish_ Renegade,
+(though he had only the Title of a Lieutenant) for the Captain was a
+young Man who knew little of Marine Affairs.
+
+This Ship was called the _Lyon_; and he attempted, more than once, to
+board the _Victoire_, but by a Shot betwixt Wind and Water, he was
+obliged to sheer off, and running his Guns, &c. on one Side, bring her
+on the careen to stop his Leak; this being done with too much
+Precipitation, she overset, and every Soul was lost: His Comrade seeing
+this Disaster, threw out all his small sails, and endeavour'd to get
+off, but the _Victoire_ wrong'd her, and oblig'd her to renew the Fight,
+which she did with great Obstinacy, and made Monsieur _Fourbin_ despair
+of carrying her if he did not board; he made Preparations accordingly.
+Signior _Caraccioli_ and _Misson_ were the two first on board when the
+Command was given; but they and their Followers were beat back by the
+Despair of the _Sally_ Men; the former received a Shot in his Thigh, and
+was carried down to the Surgeon. The _Victoire_ laid her on board the
+second time, and the _Sally_ Men defended their Decks with such
+Resolution, that they were cover'd with their own, and the dead Bodies
+of their Enemies. _Misson_ seeing one of 'em jump down the Main-Hatch
+with a lighted Match, suspecting his Design, resolutely leap'd after
+him, and reaching him with his Sabre, laid him dead the Moment he going
+to set Fire to the Powder. The _Victoire_ pouring in more Men, the
+_Mahometans_ quitted the Decks, finding Resistance vain, and fled for
+Shelter to the Cook Room, Steerage and Cabbins, and some run between
+Decks. The _French_ gave 'em Quarters, and put the Prisoners on board
+the _Victoire_, the Prize yielding nothing worth mention, except Liberty
+to about fifteen Christian Slaves; she was carried into and sold with
+the Prisoners at _[text unreadable]_. The Turks lost a great many Men,
+the _French_ not less than 35 in boarding, for they lost very few by the
+great Shot, the _Sally_ Men firing mostly at the Masts and Rigging,
+hoping by disabling to carry her. The limited Time of  their Cruize
+being out, the _Victoire_ returned to _Marseilles_, from whence
+_Misson_, taking his Companion, went to visit his Parents, to whom the
+Captain sent a very advantageous Character, both of his Courage and
+Conduct. He was about a Month at home when his Captain wrote to him,
+that his Ship was ordered to _Rochelle_, from whence he was to sail for
+the _West-Indies_ with some Merchant Men. This was very agreeable to
+_Misson_ and Signior _Caraccioli_, who immediately set out for
+_Marseilles_. This Town is well fortified, has four Parish Churches, and
+the Number of Inhabitants is computed to be about 120,0000; the Harbour
+is esteemed the safest in the _Mediterranean_, and is the common Station
+for the _French_ Gallies.
+
+Leaving this Place, they steer'd for _Rochelle_, where the _Victoire_
+was dock'd, the Merchant Ships not being near ready. _Misson_, who did
+not Care to pass so long a Time in Idleness, proposed to his Comrade the
+taking a Cruize on board the _Triumph_, who was going into the _English
+Channel_; the _Italian_ readily contented to it.
+
+Between the Isle of _Guernsey_ and the _Start Point_ they met with the
+_Mayflower_, Captain _Balladine_ Commanded, a Merchant Ship of 18 Guns,
+richly laden, and coming from _Jamaica_. The Captain of the _English_
+made a gallant resistance, and fought his Ship so long, that the
+_French_ could not carry her into Harbour, wherefore they took the
+Money, and what was most valuable, out of her; and finding she made more
+Water than the Pumps could free, quitted, and saw her go down in less
+than four Hours after. Monsieur _le Blanc_, the _French_ Captain,
+received Captain _Balladine_ very civilly, and would not suffer either
+him or his Men to be stripp'd, saying, _None but Cowards ought be
+treated after that Manner; that brave Men ought to treat such, though
+their Enemies, as Brothers; and that to use a gallant Man (who does his
+Duty) ill, speaks a Revenge which cannot proceed but from a Coward
+Soul._ He order'd that the Prisoners should leave their Chests; and when
+some of his Men seem'd to mutter, he bid 'em remember the Grandeur of
+the Monarch they serv'd; that they were neither Pyrates nor Privateers;
+and, as brave Men, they ought to shew their Enemies an Example they
+would willingly have follow'd, and use their Prisoners as they wish'd to
+be us'd.
+
+They running up the _English_ Channel as high as _Beachy Head_, and, in
+returning, fell in with three fifty Gun Ships, which gave Chace to the
+_Triumph_; but as she was an excellent Sailor, she run 'em out of Sight
+in seven Glasses, and made the best of her Way for the _Lands-End_ they
+here cruized eight Days, then doubling Cape _Cornwall_, ran up the
+_Bristol_ Channel, near as far as _Nash Point_, and intercepted a small
+Ship from _Barbadoes_, and stretching away to the Northward, gave Chase
+to a Ship they saw in the Evening, but lost her in the Night. The
+_Triumph_ stood then towards _Milford_ and spying a Sail, endeavour'd to
+cut her off the Land, but found it impossible; for she got into the
+Haven, though they came up with her very fast, and she had surely been
+taken, had the Chase had been any thing longer.
+
+Captain _Balladine_, who took the Glass, said it was the _Port Royal_, a
+_Bristol_ Ship which left _Jamaica_ in Company with him and the
+_Charles_. They now return'd to their own Coast, and sold their Prize at
+_Brest_, where, at his Desire, they left Captain _Balladine_, and
+Monsieur _le Blanc_ made him a Present of Purse with 40 _Louis's_ for
+his Support; his Crew were also left here.
+
+At the Entrance into this Harbour the _Triumph_ struck upon a Rock, but
+receiv'd no Damage: This Entrance, called _Genlet_, is very dangerous on
+Account of the Number of Rocks which lie on each Side under Water,
+though the Harbour is certainly the best in _France_. The Mouth of the
+Harbour is defended by a strong Castle; the Town is well fortified, and
+has a Citadel for its farther Defence, which is of considerable
+Strength. In 1694 the _English_ attempted a Descent, but did not find
+their Market, for they were beat off with the Loss of their General, and
+a great many Men. From hence the _Triumph_ return'd to _Rochel_, and in
+a Month after our Voluntiers, who went on board the _Victoire_, took
+their Departure for _Martineco_ and _Guadalupe_; they met with nothing
+in their Voyage thither worth noting.
+
+I shall only observe, that Signior _Caraccioli_, who was as ambitious as
+he was irreligious, had, by this Time, made a perfect Deist of _Misson_,
+and thereby convinc'd him, that all Religion was no other than human
+Policy, and shew'd him that the Law of _Moses_ was no more than what
+were necessary, as well for the Preservation as the Governing of the
+People; for Instance, said he, the _African_ Negroes never heard of the
+Institution of Circumcision, which is said to be the Sign of the
+Covenant made between God and this People, and yet they circumcise their
+Children; doubtless for the same Reason the _Jews_ and other Nations do,
+who inhabit the Southern Climes, the Prepuce consolidating the perspired
+Matter, which is of a fatal Consequence. In short, he ran through all
+the Ceremonies of the _Jewish_, Christian and _Mahometan_ Religion, and
+convinced him these were, as might be observed by the Absurdity of many,
+far from being Indications of Men inspired; and that _Moses_, in his
+Account of the Creation, was guilty of known Blunders; and the Miracles,
+both in the New and Old Testament, inconsistent with Reason. That God
+had given us this Blessing, to make Use of for our present and future
+Happiness, and whatever was contrary to it, notwithstanding their School
+Distinctions of _contrary_ and _above_ Reason, must be false. This
+Reason teaches us, that there is a first Cause of all Things, an _Ens
+Entium_, which we call God, and our Reason will also suggest, that he
+must be eternal, and, as the Author of every Thing perfect, he must be
+infinitely perfect.
+
+If so, he can be subject to no Passions, and neither loves nor hates; he
+must be ever the fame, and cannot rashly do to Day what he shall repent
+to Morrow. He must be perfectly happy, consequently nothing can add to
+an eternal State of Tranquillity, and though it becomes us to adore him,
+yet can our Adorations neither augment, nor our Sins take from this
+Happiness.
+
+But his Arguments on this Head are too long, and too dangerous to
+translate; and as they are work'd up with great Subtlety, they may be
+pernicious to weak Men, who cannot discover their Fallacy; or, who
+finding 'em agreeable to their Inclinations, and would be glad to shake
+off the Yoke of the Christian Religion, which galls and curbs their
+Passions, would not give themselves the Trouble to examine them to the
+Bottom, but give into what pleases, glad of finding some Excuse to their
+Consciences. Though as his Opinion of a future State has nothing in it
+which impugns the Christian Religion, I shall set it down in few Words.
+
+That reasoning Faculty, says he, which we perceive within us, we call
+the Soul, but what that Soul is, is unknown to us. It may die with the
+Body, or it may survive. I am of Opinion its immortal; but to say that
+this Opinion is the Dictate of Reason, or only the Prejudice of
+Education, would, I own, puzzle me. If it is immortal, it must be an
+Emanation from the Divine Being, and consequently at its being separated
+from the Body, will return to its first Principle, if not contaminated.
+Now, my Reason tells me, if it is estranged from its first Principle,
+which is the Deity, all the Hells of Man's Invention can never yield
+Tortures adequate to such a Banishment.
+
+As he had privately held these Discourses among the Crew, he had gained
+a Number of Proselytes, who look'd upon him as a new Prophet risen up to
+reform the Abuses in Religion; and a great Number being _Rochellers_,
+and, as yet, tainted with _Calvinism_, his Doctrine was the more readily
+embrac'd. When he had experienced the Effects of his religious
+Arguments, he fell upon Government, and shew'd, that every Man was born
+free, and had as much Right to what would support him, as to the Air he
+respired. A contrary Way of arguing would be accusing the Deity with
+Cruelty and Injustice, for he brought into the World no Man to pass a
+Life of Penury, and to miserably want a necessary Support; that the vast
+Difference between Man and Man, the one wallowing in Luxury, and the
+other in the most pinching Necessity, was owing only to Avarice and
+Ambition on the one Hand, and a pusillanimous Subjection on the other;
+that at first no other than a Natural was known, a paternal Government,
+every Father was the Head, the Prince and Monarch of his Family, and
+Obedience to such was both just and easy, for a Father had a
+compassionate Tenderness for his Children; but Ambition creeping in by
+Degrees, the stronger Family set upon and enslaved the Weaker; and this
+additional Strength over-run a third, by every Conquest gathering Force
+to make others, and this was the first Foundation of Monarchy. Pride
+encreasing with Power, Man usurped the Prerogative of God, over his
+Creatures, that of depriving them of Life, which was a Privilege no one
+had over his own; for as he did not come into the World by his own
+Election, he ought to stay the determined Time of his Creator: That
+indeed, Death given in War, was by the Law of Nature allowable, because
+it is for the Preservation of our own Lives; but no Crime ought to be
+thus punished, nor indeed any War undertaken, but in Defence of our
+natural Right, which is such a Share of Earth as is necessary for our
+Support.
+
+These Topicks he often declaimed on, and very often advised with
+_Misson_ about the setting up for themselves; he was as ambitious as the
+other, and as resolute. _Caraccioli_ and _Misson_ were by this expert
+Mariners, and very capable of managing a Ship: _Caraccioli_ had founded
+a great many of the Men on this Subject, and found them very inclineable
+to listen to him. An Accident happen'd which gave _Caraccioli_ a fair
+Opportunity to put his Designs in Execution, and he laid Hold of it;
+they went off _Martinico_ on a Cruize, and met with the _Winchelsea_, an
+_English_ Man of War of 40 Guns, commanded by Captain _Jones_; they made
+for each other, and a very smart Engagement followed, the first
+Broadside killed the Captain, second Captain, and the three Lieutenants,
+on Board the _Victoire_ and left only the Master, who would have struck,
+but Misson took up the Sword, order'd _Caraccioli_ to act as Lieutenant,
+and encouraging the Men fought the Ship six Glasses, when by some
+Accident, the _Winchelsea_ blew up, and not a Man was saved but
+Lieutenant _Franklin_, whom the _French_ Boats took up, and he died in
+two Days. None ever knew before this Manuscript fell into my Hands how
+the _Winchelsea_ was lost; for her Head being driven ashore at
+_Antegoa_, and a great Storm having happend a few Days before her Head
+was found, it was concluded, that she founder'd in that Storm. After
+this Engagement, _Caraccioli_ came to Misson and saluted him Captain,
+and desired to know if he would chuse a momentary or a lasting Command,
+that he must now determine, for at his Return to _Martinico_ it would be
+too late; and he might depend upon the Ship he fought and saved being
+given to another, and they would think him well rewarded if made a
+Lieutenant, which Piece of Justice he doubted: That he had his Fortune
+in his Hands, which he might either keep or let go; if he made Choice of
+the latter, he must never again expect she would court him to accept her
+Favours: That he ought to let before his Eyes his Circumstances, as a
+younger Brother of a good Family, but nothing to support his Character;
+and the many Years he must serve at the Expence of his Blood before he
+could make any Figure in the World; and consider the wide Difference
+between the commanding and being commanded: That he might with the Ship
+he had under Foot, and the brave Fellows under Command, bid Defiance to
+the Power of _Europe_, enjoy every Thing he wish'd, reign Sovereign of
+the Southern Seas, and lawfully make War on all the World, since it
+would deprive him of that Liberty to which he had a Right by the Laws of
+Nature: That he might in Time, become as great as _Alexander_ was to the
+_Persians_; and by encreasing his Forces by his Captures, he would every
+Day strengthen the Justice of his Cause, for who has Power is always in
+the Right. That _Harry_ the Fourth and _Harry_ the Seventh, attempted
+and succeeded in their Enterprizes on the Crown of _England_, yet their
+Forces did not equal his. _Mahomet_ with a few Camel Drivers, founded
+the _Ottoman_ Empire and _Darius_, with no more than six or seven
+Companions got Possession on of that of _Persia_.
+
+In a Word he said so much that _Misson_ resolved to follow his Advice,
+and calling up all Hands, he told them, 'That a great Number of them had
+resolved with him upon a Life of Liberty, and had done him the Honour to
+create him Chief: That he designed to force no Man, and be guilty of
+that Injustice he blamed in others; therefore, if any were averse to the
+following his Fortune, which he promised should be the same to all, he
+desired they would declare themselves, and he would set them ashore,
+whence they might return with Conveniency;' having made an End, they one
+and all cryed, _Vive le Capitain_ Misson _et son Lieutenant le Seavant_
+Caraccioli, God bless Capt. _Misson_ and his learned Lieutenant
+_Caraccioli_. _Misson_ thanked them for the Honour they conferr'd upon
+him, and promised he would use the Power they gave for the publick Good
+only, and hoped, as they had the Bravery to assert their Liberty, they
+would be as unanimous in the preserving it, and stand by him in what
+should be found expedient for the Good of all; that he was their Friend
+and Companion, and should never exert his Power, or think himself other
+than their Comrade, but when the Necessity of Affairs should oblige him.
+
+They shouted a second Time, _vive le Capitain_; he, after this, desired
+they would chuse their subaltern Officers, and give them Power to
+consult and conclude upon what might be for the common Interest, and
+bind themselves down by an Oath to agree to what such Officers and he
+should determine: This they readily gave into. The School-Master they
+chose for second Lieutenant, _Jean Besace_ they nominated for third, and
+the Boatswain, and a Quarter-Master, named _Matthieu le Tondu_, with the
+Gunner, they desired might be their Representatives in Council.
+
+The Choice was approved, and that every Thing might pass methodically,
+and with general Approbation, they were called into the great Cabbin,
+and the Question put, what Course they should steer? The Captain
+proposed the _Spanish_ Coast as the most probable to afford them rich
+Prizes: This was agreed upon by all. The Boatswain then asked what
+Colours they should fight under, and advised Black as most terrifying;
+but _Caraccioli_ objected, that they were no Pyrates, but Men who were
+resolved to assert that Liberty which God and Nature gave them, and own
+no Subjection to any, farther than was for the common Good of all: That
+indeed, Obedience to Governors was necessary, when they knew and acted
+up to the Duty of their Function; were vigilant Guardians of the Peoples
+Rights and Liberties; saw that Justice was equally distributed; were
+Barriers against the Rich and Powerful, when they attempted to oppress
+the Weaker; when they suffered none of the one Hand to grow immensely
+rich, either by his own or his Ancestors Encroachments; nor on the
+other, any to be wretchedly miserable, either by falling into the Hands
+of Villains, unmerciful Creditors, or other Misfortunes. While he had
+Eyes impartial, and allowed nothing but Merit to distinguish between Man
+and Man; and instead of being a Burthen to the People by his luxurious
+life, he was by his Care for, and Protection of them, a real Father, and
+in every Thing acted with the equal and impartial Justice of a Parent:
+But when a Governor, who is the Minister of the People, thinks himself
+rais'd to this Dignity, that he may spend his Days in Pomp and Luxury,
+looking upon his Subjects as so many Slaves, created for his Use and
+Pleasure, and therefore leaves them and their Affairs to the
+immeasurable Avarice and Tyranny of some one whom he has chosen for his
+Favourite, when nothing but Oppression, Poverty, and all the Miseries of
+Life flow from such an Administration; that he lavishes away the Lives
+and Fortunes of the People, either to gratify his Ambition, or to
+support the Cause of some neighbouring Prince, that he may in Return,
+strengthen his Hands should his People exert themselves in Defence of
+their native Rights; or should he run into unnecessary Wars, by the rash
+and thoughtless Councils of his Favourite, and not able to make Head
+against the Enemy he has rashly or wantonly brought upon his Hands, and
+buy a Peace (which is the present Case of _France_, as every one knows,
+by supporting King _James_, and afterwards proclaiming his Son) and
+drain the Subject; should the Peoples Trade be wilfully neglected, for
+private Interests, and while their Ships of War lie idle in their
+Harbours, suffer their Vessels to be taken; and the Enemy not only
+intercepts all Commerce, but insults their Coasts: It speaks a generous
+and great Soul to shake off the Yoak; and if we cannot redress our
+Wrongs, withdraw from sharing the Miseries which meaner Spirits submit
+to, and scorn to yield to the Tyranny. Such Men are we, and, if the
+World, as Experience may convince us it will, makes War upon us, the Law
+of Nature empowers us not only to be on the defensive, but also on the
+offensive Part. As we then do not proceed upon the same Ground with
+Pyrates, who are Men of dissolute Lives and no Principles, let us scorn
+to take their Colours: Ours is a brave, a just, an innocent, and a noble
+Cause; the Cause of Liberty. I therefore advise a white Ensign, with
+Liberty painted in the Fly, and if you like the Motto, _a Deo a
+Libertate_, for God and Liberty, as an Emblem of our Uprightness and
+Resolution.
+
+The Cabbin Door was left open, and the Bulk Head which was of Canvas
+rowled up, the Steerage being full of Men, who lent an attentive Ear,
+they cried, _Liberty, Liberty; we are free Men_: Vive _the brave
+Captain_ Misson _and the noble Lieutenant_ Caraccioli. This short
+Council breaking up, every Thing belonging to the deceased Captain, and
+the other Officers, and Men lost in the Engagement, was brought upon
+Deck and over-hawled; the Money ordered to be put into a Chest, and the
+Carpenter to clap on a Padlock for, and give a Key to, every one of the
+Council: Misson telling them, all should be in common, and the
+particular Avarice of no one should defraud the Publick.
+
+When the Plate Monsieur _Fourbin_ had, was going to the Chest, the Men
+unanimously cried out avast, keep that out for the Captain's Use, as a
+Present from his Officers and Fore-mast Men. _Misson_ thanked them, the
+Plate was returned to the great Cabbin, and the Chest secured according
+to Orders: Misson then ordered his Lieutenants and other Officers to
+examine who among the Men, were in most Want of Cloaths, and to
+distribute those of the dead Men impartially, which was done with a
+general Content and Applause of the whole Crew: All but the wounded
+being upon Deck. _Misson_ from the Baracade, spoke to the following
+Purpose, 'That since they had unanimously resolved to seize upon and
+defend their Liberty, which ambitious Men had usurped, and that this
+could not be esteemed by impartial Judges other than a just and brave
+Resolution, he was under an Obligation to recommend to them a brotherly
+Love to each other; the Banishment of all private Piques and Grudges,
+and a swift Agreement and Harmony among themselves: That in throwing off
+the Yoak of Tyranny of which the Action spoke an Abhorrence, he hoped
+none would follow the Example of Tyrants, and turn his Back upon
+Justice; for when Equity was trodden under Foot, Misery, Confusion, and
+mutual Distrust naturally followed.'--He also advised them to remember
+there was a Supream; the Adoration of which, Reason and Gratitude
+prompted us, and our own Interests would engage us (as it is best to be
+of the surest Side, and after-Life was allowed possible) to
+conciliate.--That he was satisfied Men who were born and bred in
+Slavery, by which their Spirits were broke, and were incapable of so
+generous a Way of thinking, who, ignorant of their Birth-Right, and the
+Sweets of Liberty, dance to the Musick of their Chains, which was,
+indeed, the greater Part of the Inhabitants of the Globe, would brand
+this generous Crew with the insidious Name of Pyrates, and think it
+meritorious, to be instrumental in their Destruction.--Self-Preservation
+therefore, and not a cruel Disposition, obliged him to declare War
+against all such as should refuse him the Entry of their Ports, and
+against all, who should not immediately surrender and give up what their
+Necessities required; but in a more particular Manner against all
+_European_ Ships and Vessels, as concluded implacable Enemies. _And I do
+now,_ said he, _declare such War, and, at the same time, recommend to
+you my Comrades a humane and generous Behaviour towards your Prisoners;
+which will appear by so much more the Effects of a noble Soul, as we are
+satisfied we should not meet the same Treatment should our ill Fortune,
+or more properly our Disunion, or want of Courage, give us up to their
+Mercy._
+
+After this, he required a Muster should be made, and there were able
+Hands two Hundred, and thirty five sick and wounded; as they were
+muster'd they were sworn. After Affairs were thus settled, they shaped
+their Course the _Spanish West-Indies,_ but resolved, in the Way, to
+take a Week or ten Days Cruize in the Windward Passage from _Jamaica,_
+because most Merchant Men, which were good Sailors and did not slay for
+Convoy, took this as the shorter Cut for _England._
+
+Off St. _Christophers_ they took an _English_ Sloop becalmed, with their
+Boats; they took out of her a couple of Puncheons of Rum, and half a
+dozen Hogsheads of Sugar (she was a _New England_ Sloop, bound for
+_Boston_) and without offering the least Violence to the Men, or
+stripping them, they let her go. The Master of the Sloop was _Thomas
+Butler,_ who owned, he never met with so candid an Enemy as the _French_
+Man of War, which took him the Day he left St. _Christophers;_ they met
+with no other Booty in their Way, till they came upon their Station,
+when after three Days, they saw a Sloop which had the Impudence to give
+them Chace; Captain _Misson_ asked what could be the Meaning that the
+Sloop stood for them? One of the Men, who was acquainted with the
+_West-Indies,_ told him, it was a _Jamaica_ Privateer, and he should not
+wonder, if he clapp'd him aboard. I am, said he, no Stranger to their
+Way of working, and this despicable Fellow, as those who don't know a
+_Jamaica_ Privateer may think him, it is ten to one will give you some
+Trouble. It now grows towards Evening, and you'll find as soon as he has
+discovered your Force, he'll keep out of the Reach of your Guns till the
+12 a-Clock Watch is changed at Night, and he'll then attempt to clap you
+aboard, with Hopes to carry you in the Hurry: Wherefore Captain, if you
+will give me Leave to advise you, let every Man have his small Arms; and
+at twelve, let the Bell ring as usual; and rather more Noise than
+ordinary be made, as if the one Watch was turning in, and the other out,
+in a Confusion and Hurry, and I'll engage he will venture to enter his
+Men. The Fellow's Advice was approved and resolved upon, and the Sloop
+work'd, as he said she would, for upon coming near enough to make
+distinctly the Force of the _Victoire_, on her throwing out _French_
+Colours, she, the Sloop, clapp'd upon a Wind, the _Victoire_ gave Chace,
+but without Hopes of gaining upon her; she went so well to Windward,
+that she cou'd spare the Ship some Points in her Sheet, and yet wrong
+her: At Dusk of the Even, the _French_ had lost Sight of her, but about
+Eleven at Night, they saw her hankering up their Windward Bow, which
+confirmed the Sailors Opinion, that she would attempt to board them, as
+she did at the pretended Change of the Watch; there being little or no
+Wind, she lashed to the Bow-Sprit of the _Victoire_ and enter'd her Men,
+who were very quietly taken, as they enter'd and tumbled down the
+Forehatch, where they were received by others, and bound without Noise,
+not one of the Privateers killed, few hurt, and only one _Frenchman_
+wounded. The _Victoire_ the better Part of the Sloop's Men secured, they
+boarded in their Turn, when the Privateer's suspecting some Stratagem,
+were endeavouring to cut their Lashing and get off:
+
+Thus the Englishman caught a Tartar. The Prisoners being all secured,
+the Captain charged his Men not to discover, thro' a Desire of
+augmenting their Number, the Account they were upon.
+
+The next Morning Monsieur _Misson_ called for the Captain of the
+Privateer, he told him, he could not but allow him a brave Fellow, to
+venture upon a Ship of his Countenance, and for that Reason he should
+meet Treatment which Men of his Profession seldom afforded the Prisoners
+they made. He asked him how long he had been out, what was his Name, and
+what he had on Board? He answered he was but just come out, that he was
+the first Sail he had met with, and should have thought himself
+altogether as lucky not to have spoke with him' that his Name was _Harry
+Ramsey_, and what he had on Board were Rags, Powder, Ball, and some few
+half Anchors of Rum. _Ramsey_ was ordered into the Gun-Room, and a
+Council being held in the publick Manner aforesaid, the Bulk Head of the
+great Cabbin rowled up. On their Conclusion, the Captain of the
+Privateer was called in again, when Captain _Misson_ told him, he would
+return him his Sloop, and restore him and his Men to their Liberty,
+without stripping or plundering of any Thing, but what Prudence obliged
+him to, their Ammunition and Small-Arms, if he would give him his Word
+and Honour, and his Men to take an Oath, not to go out on the Privateer
+Account in six Months after they left him: That he did not design to
+continue that Station above a Week longer, at the Expiration of which
+Time he would let them go.
+
+_Ramsey_, who had a new Sloop, did not expect this Favour, which he
+thanked him for, and promised punctually to comply with the Injunction,
+which his Men as readily swore to, tho' they had no Design to keep the
+Oath. The Time being expired, he and his Men were put on Board their own
+Sloop. At going over the Ship's Side _Ramsey_ begg'd Monsieur _Misson_
+would allow him Powder for a salute, by way of Thanks; but he answered
+him, the Ceremony was needless, and he expected no other Return than
+that of keeping his Word, which indeed _Ramsey_ did. Some of his Men had
+found it more to their Advantage to have been as religious.
+
+At parting Ramsey gave the Ship three Chears, and _Misson_ had the
+Complaisance to return one, which _Ramsey_ answering with three more,
+made the best of his Way for _Jamaica_, and at the East End of the
+Island met with the _Diana_, who, upon Advice, turn'd back.
+
+The _Victoire_ steer'd for _Carthagene_, off which Port they cruised
+some Days, but meeting with nothing in the Seas, they made for _Porto
+Bello_; in their Way they met with two _Dutch_ Traders, who had Letters
+of Mart, and were just come upon the Coast, the one had 20, the other 24
+Guns; _Misson_ engaged them, and they defended themselves with a great
+Deal of Resolution and Gallantry; and as they were mann'd a Peak, he
+darst not venture to board either of them, for fear of being at the same
+Time boarded by the other. His Weight of Mettal gave him a great
+Advantage over the _Dutch_, though they were two to one; besides, their
+Business, as they had Cargoes, was to get off, if possible, wherefore
+they made a running Fight, though they took Care to stick close to one
+another.
+
+They maintained the Fight for above six Hours, when _Misson_, enraged at
+this Obstinacy, and fearing, if by Accident they should bring a Mast, or
+Top-Mast, by the board, they would get from him. He was resolved to sink
+the larger Ship of the two, and accordingly ordered his Men to bring all
+their Guns to bear a Midship, then running close along Side of him, to
+raise their Mettal; his Orders being punctually obey'd, he pour'd in a
+Broad Side, which open'd such a Gap in the _Dutch_ Ship, that she went
+directly to the Bottom, and every Man perish'd.
+
+He then mann'd his Bowsprit, brought his Sprit-sail Yard fore and aft,
+and resolved to board the other, which the _Dutch_ perceiving, and
+terrified with the unhappy Fate of their Comrade, thought a farther
+Resistance vain, and immediately struck. _Misson_ gave them good
+Quarters, though he was enraged at the Loss of 13 Men killed outright,
+beside 9 wounded, of which 6 died. They found on board a great Quantity
+of Gold and Silver Lace, brocade Silks, Silk Stockings, Bails of
+Broad-Cloath, bazes of all Colours, and _Osnabrughs_.
+
+A Consultation being held, it was resolved Captain _Misson_ should take
+the Name of _Fourbin_, and returning to _Carthagene_, dispose of his
+Prize, and set his Prisoners ashoar. Accordingly they ply'd to the
+Eastward, and came to an Anchor between _Boca Chieca_ Fort, and the
+Town, for they did not think it expedient to enter the Harbour. The
+Barge was manned, and _Caraccioli_, with the Name of _D'Aubigny_, the
+first lieutenant, who was killed in the Engagement with the
+_Winchelsea_, and his Commission in his Pocket, went ashore with a
+Letter to the Governor, sign'd _Fourbin_, whose Character, for fear of
+the worst, was exactly counterfeited. The Purport of his Letter was,
+that having discretionary Orders to cruize for three Months, and hearing
+the _English_ infested his Coast, he was come in search of 'em, and had
+met two _Dutch_ Men, one of which he had sunk, the other he made Prize
+of. That his limited Time being near expired, he should be obliged to
+his Excellency, if he would send on board him such Merchants as were
+willing to take the Ship and Cargoe off his Hands, of which he had lent
+the _Dutch_ Invoice. Don _Joseph de la Zerda_, the then Governor,
+received the Lieutenant (who sent back the Barge at landing) very
+civilly, and agreed to take the Prisoners ashoar, and do every Thing was
+required of him; and ordering fresh Provisions and Sallading to be got
+ready as a Present for the Captain, he sent for some Merchants who were
+very ready to go on board, and agree for the Ship and Goods; which they
+did, for two and fifty thousand Pieces of Eight. The next Day the
+Prisoners were set ashoar; a rich Piece of Brocade which was reserv'd,
+sent to the Governor for a Present, a Quantity of fresh Provision bought
+and brought on board, the Money paid by the Merchants, the Ship and
+Goods deliver'd, and the _Victoire_, at the Dawn of the following Day,
+got under Sail. It may be wonder'd how such Dispatch could be made, but
+the Reader must take Notice, these Goods were sold by the _Dutch_
+Invoice, which the Merchant of the Prize affirmed was genuine. I shall
+observe, by the by, that the _Victoire_ was the _French_ Man of War
+which Admiral _Wager_ sent the _Kingston_ in search of, and being
+afterwards falsly inform'd, that she was join'd by another of seventy
+Guns; and that they cruiz'd together between the Capes, order'd the
+_Severn_ up to Windward, to assist the _Kingston_, which had like to
+have prov'd very fatal; for these two _English_ Men of War, commanded by
+Captain _Trevor_ and Captain _Padnor_, meeting in the Night, had
+prepared to engage, each taking the other for the Enemy. The
+_Kingston's_ Men not having a good Look-out, which must be attributed to
+the Negligence of the Officer of the Watch, did not see the _Severn_
+till she was just upon them; but, by good Luck, to Leeward, and plying
+up, with all the Sail she could crowd, and a clear Ship. This put the
+_Kingston_ in such Confusion, that when the _Severn_ hal'd, no answer
+was retun'd, for none heard her. She was got under the _Kingston's_
+Stern, and Captain _Padnor_ ordered to hale for the third and last Time,
+and if no answer was return'd, to give her a Broadside. The Noise
+onboard the _Kingston_ was now a little ceas'd, and Captain Trevor, who
+was on the poop with a speaking Trumpet to hale the _Severn_, by good
+Luck heard her hale him, answering the _Kingston_, and asking the Name
+of the other ship, prevented the Damage.
+
+They cruised together some time, and meeting nothing which answer'd
+their Information, return'd to _Jamaica_, as I shall to my Subject,
+begging Pardon for this, as I thought, necessary Digression.
+
+Don _Juan de la Zevda_ told the Captain in a Letter, that the St.
+_Joseph_, a Gallion of seventy Guns, was then lying at _Port a Bello_,
+and should be glad he could keep her Company till she was off the Coast.
+That she would sail in eight or ten Days for the _Havana_; and that, if
+his Time would permit him, he would send an Advice-Boat. That she had on
+board the Value of 800,000 Pieces of Eight in Silver and Bar Gold.
+_Misson_ return'd Answer, that he believ'd he should be excus'd if he
+stretched his Orders, for a few Days; and that he would cruize off the
+Isle of _Pearls_, and Cape _Gratias a Dios_, and give for Signal to the
+Gallion, his spreading a white Ensign in his Fore-Top-Mast Shrouds, the
+cluing up his Fore-sail, and the firing one Gun to Windward, and two to
+Leeward, which he should answer by letting run and hoisting his
+Fore-Top-Sail three times, and the firing as many Guns to Leeward. Don
+_Joseph_, extreamly pleased with this Complaisance, sent a Boat express
+to advise the St. _Joseph_, but she was already sailed two Days,
+contrary to the Governor of _Carthagene's_ Expectation, and, this Advice
+Captain _Misson_ had from the Boat, which returning with an Answer, saw
+the _Victoire_ in the Offin, and spoke to her. It was then resolved to
+follow the _St. Joseph_, and accordingly they steer'd for the _Havanna_,
+but by what Accident they did not overtake her is unknown.
+
+I forgot to tell my Reader, on Board the _Dutch_ Ship were fourteen
+_French_ Hugonots, whom _Misson_ thought fit to detain, when they were
+at Sea. _Misson_ called 'em up, and proposed to 'em their taking on;
+telling them at the same Time, he left it to their Choice, for he would
+have no forc'd Men; and that if they all, or any of them, disapproved
+the Proposal, he would either give 'em the first Vessel he met that was
+fit for 'em, or set 'em ashoar on some inhabited Coast; and therefore
+bid 'em take two Days for Consideration before they returned an Answer;
+and, to encourage 'em, he called all Hands up, and declar'd, that if any
+Man repented him of the Course of Life he had chosen, his just Dividend
+should be counted to him, and he would set him on Shoar, either near the
+_Havanna_, or some other convenient Place; but not one accepted the
+Offer, and the fourteen Prisoners unanimously resolved to join in with
+'em; to which Resolution, no doubt, the Hopes of a good Booty from the
+_St. Joseph_, and this Offer of Liberty greatly contributed.
+
+At the Entrance of the Gulph they spied and came with a large Merchant
+Ship bound for _London_ from _Jamaica_; she had 20 Guns, but no more
+than 32 Hands, that its not to be wonder'd at she made no Resistance,
+besides, she was deep laden with Sugars. Monsieur _Misson_ took out of
+her what Ammunition she had, about four thousand Pieces of Eight, some
+Puncheons of Rum, and ten Hogsheads of Sugar; and, without doing her any
+further Damage, let her proceed her Voyage. What he valued most in this
+Prize was the Men he got, for she was carrying to _Europe_ twelve
+_French_ Prisoners, two of which were necessary Hands, being a Carpenter
+and his Mate. They were of _Bourdeaux_, from whence they came with the
+_Pomechatraine_, which was taken by the _Maremaid_ off _Petit Guavers_,
+after an obstinate Resistance, in which they lost forty Men; but they
+were of Opinion the _Maremaid_ could not have taken 'em, having but four
+Guns less than she had, which was made amends for, by their having about
+thirty Hands. On the contrary, had not the _Guernsey_ come up, they
+thought of boarding and carrying the _Maremaid_. These Men very
+willingly came into Captain _Misson's_ Measures.
+
+These Men, who had been stripp'd to the Skin, begg'd Leave to make
+Reprisals, but the Captain would not suffer them, though he told the
+Master of the Prize, as he protected him and his Men, he thought it
+reasonable these _French_ should be cloathed: Upon this the Master
+contributed of his own, and every Man bringing up his Chest, thought
+themselves very well off in sharing with them one half.
+
+Though _Misson's_ Ship pass'd for a _French_ Man of War, yet his
+Generosity in letting the Prize go, gave the _English_ Grounds to
+suspect the Truth, neither the Ship nor Cargoe being of Use to such as
+were upon the grand Account.
+
+When they had lost all Hopes of the St. _Joseph_, they coasted along the
+North-Side of _Cuba_, and the _Victoire_ growing now foul, they ran into
+a Landlock'd Bay on the East North-East Point, where they hove her down
+by Boats and Guns, though they could not pretend to heave her Keel out;
+however, they scraped and tallowed as far as they could go; they, for
+this Reason, many of them repented they had let the last Prize go, by
+which they might have careened.
+
+When they had righted the Ship, and put every Thing on Board, they
+consulted upon the Course they should steer. Upon this the Council
+divided. The Captain and _Caraccioli_ were for stretching over to the
+_African_, and the others for the _New-England_ Coast, alledging, that
+the Ship had a foul Bottom, and was not fit for the Voyage; and that if
+they met with contrary Winds, and bad Weather, their Stock of Provision
+might fall short; and that as they were not far from the _English_
+Settlement of _Carolina_, they might either on that or the Coast of
+_Virginia, Maryland, Pensylvania, New-York_, or _New-England_, intercept
+ships which traded to the Islands with Provisions, and by that Means
+provide themselves with Bread, Flower, and other Necessaries. An Account
+of the Provisions were taken, and finding they had Provisions for four
+Months. Captain _Misson_ called all Hands upon Deck, and told them, as
+the Council differed in the Course they should steer, he thought it
+reasonable to have it put to the Vote of the whole Company. That for his
+Part, he was for going to the Coast of _Guiney_, where they might
+reasonably expect to meet with valuable Prizes; but should they fail in
+their Expectation one Way, they would be sure of having it answered
+another; for they could then throw themselves in that of the
+_East-India_ Ships, and he need not tell them, that the outward bound
+dreined _Europe_ of what Money they drew from America. He then gave the
+Sentiments of those who were against him, and their Reasons, and begg'd
+that every one would give his Opinion and Vote according as he thought
+most conducive to the Good of all. That he should be far from taking it
+ill if they should reject what he had proposed, since he had no private
+Views to serve. The Majority of Votes fell on the Captain's Side, and
+they accordingly shaped their Course for the Coast of Guiney, in which
+Voyage nothing remarkable happened. On their Arrival on the Gold-Coast,
+they fell in with the _Nieuwstadt_ of _Amsterdam_, a Ship of 18 Guns,
+commanded by Capt. _Blacs_, who made a running Fight of five Glasses:
+This Ship they kept with them, putting on Board 40 Hands, and bringing
+all the Prisoners on Board the _Victoire_, they were Forty three in
+Number, they left _Amsterdam_ with Fifty six, seven were killed in the
+Engagement, and they had lost six by Sickness and Accidents, one falling
+overboard, and one being taken by a Shark going overboard in a Calm.
+
+The _Nieuwstadt_ had some Gold-Dust on Board, to the Value of about 2000
+l. Sterling, and a few Slaves to the Number of Seventeen, for she had
+but begun to Trade; the Slaves were a strengthening of their Hands, for
+the Captain order'd them to be cloathed out of Dutch Mariners Chests,
+and told his Men, 'That the Trading for those of our own Species, cou'd
+never be agreeable to the Eyes of divine Justice: That no Man had Power
+or the Liberty of another; and while those who profess'd a more
+enlightened Knowledge of the Deity, sold Men like Beasts; they prov'd
+that their Religion was no more than Grimace, and that they differ'd
+from the _Barbarians_ in Name only, since their Practice was in nothing
+more humane: For his Part, and he hop'd, he spoke the Sentiments of all
+his brave Companions, he had not exempted his Neck from the galling Yoak
+of Slavery, and asserted his own Liberty, to enslave others. That
+however, these Men were distinguish'd from the _Europeans_ by their
+Colour, Customs, or religious Rites, they were the Work of the same
+omnipotent Being, and endued with equal Reason: Wherefore, he desired
+they might be treated like Freemen (for he wou'd banish even the Name of
+Slavery from among them)' and divided into Messes among them, to the End
+they might the sooner learn their Language, be sensible of the
+Obligation they had to them, and more capable and zealous to defend that
+Liberty they owed to their Justice and Humanity.
+
+This Speech of _Misson_'s was received with general Applause, and the
+Ship rang with _vive le Capitain_ Misson. Long live Capt. _Misson_.--The
+Negroes were divided among the _French_, one to a Mess, who, by their
+Gesticulations, shew'd they were gratefully sensible of their being
+delivered from their Chains. Their Ship growing very foul, and going
+heavily through the Water, they run into the River of _Lagoa_, where
+they hove her down, taking out such Planks as had suffer'd most by the
+Worms, and substituting new in their Room.
+
+After this they careened the Prize, and so put out to Sea, steering to
+the Southward, and keeping along the Coast, but met with Nothing. All
+this while, the greatest Decorum and Regularity was observed on Board
+the _Victoire_; but the _Dutch_ Prisoners Example began to lead 'em into
+Swearing and Drunkenness, which the Captain remarking, thought it was
+best to nip these Vices in the Bud; and calling both the _French_ and
+_Dutch_ upon Deck, he address'd himself to the former, desiring their
+Captain, who spoke French excellently well, to interpret what he said to
+those who did not understand him. He told them, 'before he had the
+Misfortune of having them on Board, his Ears were never grated with
+hearing the Name of the great Creator prophaned, tho' he, to his Sorrow,
+had often since heard his own Men guilty of that Sin, which administer'd
+neither Profit nor Pleasure, and might draw upon them a severe
+Punishment: That if they had a just Idea of that great Being, they wou'd
+never mention him, but they wou'd immediately reflect on his Purity and
+their own Vileness. That we so easily took Impression from our Company,
+that the _Spanish_ Proverb says, _let a Hermit and a Thief live
+together, the Thief wou'd become Hermit, or the Hermit Thief_: That he
+saw this verified in his Ship, for he cou'd attribute the Oaths and
+Curses he had heard among his brave Companions, to nothing but the
+odious Example of the _Dutch_: That this was not the only Vice they had
+introduced, for before they were on Board, his Men were Men, but he
+found by their beastly Pattern they were degenerated into Brutes, by
+drowning that only Faculty, which distinguishes between Man and Beast,
+_Reason_. That as he had the Honour to command them, he could not see
+them run into these odious Vices without, a sincere Concern, as he had a
+paternal Affection for them; and he should reproach himself as
+neglectful of the common Good, if he did not admonish them; and as by
+the Post which they had honour'd him, he was obliged to have a watchful
+Eye over their general Interest; he was obliged to tell them his
+Sentiments were, that the _Dutch_ allured them to a dissolute Way of
+Life, that they might take some Advantage over them: Wherefore, as his
+brave Companions, he was assured, wou'd be guided by Reason, he gave the
+_Dutch_ Notice, that the first whom he catch'd either with an Oath in
+his Mouth or Liquor in his Head, should be brought to the Geers, whipped
+and pickled, for an Example to the rest of his Nation: As to his
+Friends, his Companions, his Children, those gallant, those generous,
+noble, and heroick Souls he had the Honour to command, he entreated them
+to allow a small Time for Reflection, and to consider how little
+Pleasure sure, and how much Danger, might flow from imitating the Vices
+of their Enemies; and that they would among themselves, make a Law for
+the Suppression of what would otherwise estrange them from the Source of
+Life, and consequently leave them destitute of his Protection.'
+
+It is not to be imagined what Efficacy this Speech had on both Nations:
+The _Dutch_ grew continent in Fear of Punishment, and the _French_ in
+Fear of being reproach'd by their good Captain, for they never mentioned
+him without this Epithet. Upon the Coast of _Angola_, they met with a
+second Dutch Ship, the Cargo of which consisted of Silk and Woolen
+Stuffs, Cloath, Lace, Wine, Brandy, Oyl, Spice, and hard Ware; the Prize
+gave Chase and engaged her, but upon the coming up of the _Victoire_ she
+struck. This Ship opportunely came in their Way, and gave full Employ to
+the Taylors, who were on Board, for the whole Crew began to be out at
+Elbows: They plundered her of what was of Use to their own Ship, and
+then sunk her.
+
+The Captain having about ninety Prisoners on Board, proposed the giving
+them the Prize, with what was necessary for their Voyage, and sending
+them away; which being agreed to, they shifted her Ammunition on Board
+the _Victoire_, and giving them Provision to carry them to the
+Settlements the Dutch have on the Coast, _Misson_ called them up, told
+them what was his Design, and ask'd if any of them was willing to share
+his Fortune: Eleven _Dutch_ came into him, two of which were
+Sail-makers, one an Armourer, and one a Carpenter, necessary Hands; the
+rest he let go, not a little surprised at the Regularity, Tranquillity,
+and Humanity, which they found among these new fashioned Pyrates.
+
+They had now run the Length of _Soldinia_ Bay about ten Leagues to the
+Northward of _Table_ Bay. As here is good Water, safe Riding, plenty of
+Fish and fresh Provision, to be got of the Natives for the Merchandize
+they had on Board, it was resolved to stay here some little Time for
+Refreshments. When they had the Bay open, they spied a tall Ship, which
+instantly got under sail, and hove out _English_ Colours. The _Victoire_
+made a clear Ship, and hove out her _French_ Ensign, and a smart
+Engagement began. _The English_ was a new Ship built for 40 Guns, though
+she had but 32 mounted, and 90 Hands. _Misson_ gave Orders for boarding,
+and his Number of fresh Men he constantly poured in, after an obstinate
+Dispute obliged the _English_ to fly the Decks, and leave the _French_
+Masters of their Ship, who promised, and gave them, good Quarters, and
+stripp'd not a Man.
+
+They found on Board the Prize some Bales of _English_ Broad-Cloath, and
+about 60000 l. in _English_ Crown Pieces, and _Spanish_ Pieces of Eight.
+The _English_ Captain was killed in the Engagement, and 14 of his Men:
+The _French_ lost 12, which was no small Mortification, but did not,
+however provoke them to use their Prisoners harshly. Captain _Misson_
+was sorry for the Death of the Commander, whom he buried on the Shoar,
+and one of his Men being a Stone-Cutter, he raised a Stone over his
+Grave with these Words, _Icy gist un brave Anglois_, Here lies a gallant
+_English_ Man; when he was buried he made a tripple Discharge of 50
+small Arms, and fired Minute Guns.
+
+The _English_, knowing whose Hands they were fallen into, charm'd with
+_Misson_'s Humanity, 30 of them, in 3 Days Space, desired to take on
+with him. He accepted 'em, but at the same Time gave 'em to understand,
+that in taking on with him they were not to expect they should be
+indulged in a dissolute and immoral Life. He now divided his Company
+between the two Ships, and made _Caraccioli_ Captain of the Prize,
+giving him Officers chosen by the publick Suffrage. The 17 Negroes began
+to understand a little _French_, and to be useful Hands, and in less
+than a Month all the _English_ Prisoners came over to him, except their
+Officers.
+
+He had two Ships well mann'd with resolute Fellows; they now doubled the
+Cape, and made the South End of _Madagascar_, and one of the _English_
+Men telling Captain _Misson_, that the _European_ Ships bound for
+_Surat_ commonly touch'd at the Island of _Johanna_, he sent for Captain
+_Caracciola_ on Board, and it was agreed to cruise off that Island. They
+accordingly sailed on the West-Side of _Madagascar_ and off the Bay _de
+Diego_. About half Seas over between that Bay and the Island of
+_Johanna_, they came up with an _English East-India_ Man, which made
+Signals of Distress as soon as she spy'd _Misson_ and his Prize; they
+found her sinking by an unexpected Leak, and took all her Men on Board,
+though they could get little out of her before she went down. The
+_English_, who were thus miraculously saved from perishing, desired to
+be set on Shoar at _Johanna_, where they hop'd to meet with either a
+_Dutch_ or _English_ Ship in a little Time, and the mean while they were
+sure of Relief.
+
+They arrived at Johanna, and were kindly received by the Queen-Regent
+and her Brother, on account of the _English_ on the one Hand, and of
+their  Strength on the other, which the Queen's Brother, who had the
+Administration of Affairs, was not able to make Head against, and hoped
+they might assist him against the King of _Mohila_, who threaten'd him
+with a Visit.
+
+This is an Island which is contiguous, in a manner, to _Johanna_, and
+lies about N. W. and by N. from it. _Caraccioli_ told _Misson_ he might
+make his Advantage in widening the Breach between these two little
+Monarchies, and, by offering his Assistance to that of _Johanna_, in a
+manner rule both, For these would count him as their Protector, and
+those come to any Terms to buy his Friendship, by which Means he would
+hold the Ballance of Power between them. He followed this Advice, and
+offered his Friendship and Assistance to the Queen, who very readily
+embraced it.
+
+I must advise the Reader, that many of this Island speak _English_, and
+that the _English_ Men who were of _Misson's_ Crew, and his
+Interpreters, told them, their Captain, though not an _Englishman_, was
+their Friend and Ally, and a Friend and Brother to the _Johanna_ Men,
+for they esteem the _English_ beyond all other Nations.
+
+They were supplied by the Queen with all Necessaries of Life, and
+_Misson_ married her Sister, as _Caraccioli_ did the Daughter of her
+Brother, whose Armory, which consisted before of no more than two rusty
+Fire-Locks, and three Pistols, he furnish'd with thirty Fuzils, as many
+Pair of Pistols, and gave him two Barrels of Powder, and four of Ball.
+
+Several of his Men took Wives, and some requited their Share of the
+Prizes, which was justly given them, they designing to settle in this
+Island, but the Number of these did not exceed ten, which Loss was
+repaired by thirty of the Crew (they had saved from perishing) coming in
+to him.
+
+While they past their Time in all manner of Diversions the Place would
+afford them, as hunting, feasting, and visiting the Island, the King of
+_Mohila_ made a Descent, and alarm'd the whole Country. _Misson_ advised
+the Queen's Brother not to give him any Impediment, but let him get into
+the Heart of the Island, and he would take Care to intercept their
+Return; but the Prince answered, should he follow his Advice the Enemy
+would do him and the Subjects an irreparable Damage, in destroying the
+Cocoa Walks, and for that Reason he must endeavour to stop his Progress.
+Upon this Answer he asked the _English_ who were not under his Command,
+if they were willing to join him in repelling the Enemies of their
+common Host, and one and all consenting, he gave them Arms, and mixed
+them with his own Men, and about the same Number of _Johannians_, under
+the Command of _Caraccioli_ and the Queen's Brother, and arming out all
+his Boats, he went himself to the Westward of the Island, where they
+made their Descent. The Party which went by Land, fell in with, and beat
+the _Mohilians_ with great Ease, who were in the greatest Consternation,
+to find their Retreat cut off by _Misson_'s Boats. The _Johannians_,
+whom they had often molested, were so enraged, that they gave Quarter to
+none, and out of 300 who made the Descent, if _Misson_ and _Caraccioli_
+had not interposed, not a Soul had escaped; 113 were taken Prisoners by
+his Men, and carried on Board his Ships. These he sent fate to _Mohila_,
+with a Message to the King, to desire he would make Peace with his
+Friend and Ally the King of _Johanna_; but that Prince, little affected
+with the Service done him in the Preservation of his Subjects, sent him
+Word he took Laws from none, and knew when to make War and Peace without
+his Advice, which he neither asked nor wanted. _Misson_, irritated by
+this rude Answer, resolved to transfer the War into his own Country, and
+accordingly set sail for _Mohila_, with about 100 _Johanna_ Men. The
+Shoar, on Sight of the Ships, was filled with Men to hinder a Descent if
+intended, but the great Guns soon dispersed this Rabble, and under their
+Cover he landed the _Johannians_, and an equal Number of _French_ and
+_English_. They were met by about 700 _Mohilians_, who pretended to stop
+their Passage, but their Darts and Arrows were of little avail against
+_Misson_'s Fuzils; the first Discharge made a great Slaughter, and about
+20 Shells which were thrown among them, put them to a confus'd Flight.
+The Party of _Europeans_ and _Johannians_ then marched to their
+Metropolis, without Resistance, which they reduced to Ashes, and the
+_Johannians_ cut down all the Cocoa Walks that they could for the Time,
+for towards Evening they returned to their Ships, and stood off to Sea.
+
+At their Return to _Johanna_ the Queen made a Festival, and magnified
+the Bravery and Service of her Guests, Friends, and Allies. This Feast
+lasted four Days, at the Expiration of which Time the Queen's Brother
+proposed to Captain _Misson_ the making another Descent, in which he
+would go in Person, and did not doubt subjecting the _Mohilians_; but
+this was not the Design of _Misson_, who had Thoughts of fixing a
+Retreat on the North West Side of _Madagascar_, and look'd upon the
+Feuds between these two Islands advantageous to his Views, and therefore
+no way his Interest to suffer the one to overcome the other; for while
+the Variance was kept up, and their Forces pretty much upon a Level, it
+was evident their Interest would make both Sides caress him; he
+therefore answer'd, that they ought to deliberate on the Consequences,
+for they might be deceived in their Hopes, and find the Conquest less
+easy than they imagined. That the King of _Mohilia_ would be more upon
+his Guard, and not only intrench himself, but gall them with frequent
+Ambuscades, by which they must inevitably lose a Number of Men; and, if
+they were forced to retire with Loss, raise the Courage of the
+_Mohilians_, and make them irreconcilable Enemies to the _Johannians_,
+and intirely deprive him of the Advantages with which he might now make
+a Peace, having twice defeated them: That he could not be always with
+them, and at his leaving _Johanna_ he might expect the King of _Mohilia_
+would endeavour to take a bloody Revenge for the late Damages. The Queen
+gave intirely into _Misson's_ Sentiments.
+
+While this was in Agitation four _Mohilians_ arrived as Ambassadors to
+propose a Peace. They finding the _Johannians_ upon high Terms, one of
+them spoke to this Purpose; O ye Johannians, _do not conclude from your
+late Success, that Fortune will be always favourable; she will not
+always give you the Protection of the_ Europeans, _and without their
+Help its possible you might now sue for a Peace, which you seem averse
+to. Remember the Sun rises, comes to its Meridian Height, and stays not
+there, but declines in a Moment. Let this admonish you to reflect on the
+constant Revolution of all sublunary Affairs, and the greater is your
+Glory, the nearer you are to your Declension. We are taught by every
+Thing we see, that there is no Stability in the World, but Nature is in
+continual Movement. The Sea, which o'er flows the Sands has its Bounds
+set, which it cannot pass, which the Moment it has reached, without
+abiding, returns back to the Bottom of the Deep. Every Herb, every Shrub
+and Tree, and even our own Bodies, teach us this Lesson, that nothing is
+durable, or can be counted upon. Time passes away insensibly, one Sun
+follows another, and brings its Changes with it. To-Day's Globe of Light
+sees you strengthened by these_ Europeans _elate with victory, and we,
+who have been used to conquer you, come to ask a Peace. To Morrow's Sun
+may see you deprived of your present Succours, and the_ Johannians
+_petitioning us; as therefore we cannot say what to Morrow may bring
+forth, it would be unwise on uncertain Hopes to forego a certain
+Advantage, as surely Peace ought to be esteem'd by every wise Man_.
+
+Having said this, the Ambassadors withdrew, and were treated by the
+Queen's Orders. After the Council had concluded, they were again call'd
+upon, and the Queen told them, that by the Advice of her good Friends,
+the _Europeans_, and those of her Council, she agreed to make a Peace,
+which she wish'd might banish all Memory of former Injuries That they
+must own the War was begun by them, and that she was far from being the
+Agressor; she only defended her self in her own Kingdom, which they had
+often invaded, though, till within few Days, she had never molested
+their Coasts. If then they really desired to live amicably with her,
+they must resolve to send two of the King's Children, and ten of the
+first Nobility, as Hostages, that they might, when they pleased, return,
+for that was the only Terms on which she would desist prosecuting the
+Advantages she now had, with the utmost Vigour.
+
+The Ambassadors returned with this Answer, and, about ten Days after,
+the two Ships appearing upon their Coasts, they sent off to give Notice,
+that their King comply'd with the Terms proposed, would send the
+Hostages, and desired a Cessation of all Hostility, and, at the same
+Time, invited the Commanders on Shoar. The _Johanna_ Men on Board
+disswaded their accepting the Invitation; but _Misson_ and _Caraccioli_,
+fearing nothing, went, but arm'd their Boat's Crew. They were received
+by the King with Demonstrations of Friendship, and they dined with him
+under a Tamerane Tree; but when they parted from him, and were returning
+to their Boats, they were inclosed by, at least, 100 of the _Mohilians_,
+who set upon them with the utmost Fury, and, in the first Flight of
+Arrows, wounded both the Captains, and killed four of their Boat's Crew
+of eight, who were with them; they, in return, discharged their Pistols
+with some Execution, and fell in with their Cutlasses; but all their
+Bravery would have stood them in little Stead, had not the Report of
+their Pistols alarm'd and brought the rest of their Friends to their
+Assistance, who took their Fuzils, and coming up while they were
+engaged, discharged a Volley on the Back of the Assailants, which laid
+twelve of them dead on the Spot. The Ships hearing this Fire, sent
+immediately the Yawls and Long-Boats well mann'd. Though the Islanders
+were a little damp'd in their Courage by this Fire of the Boats Crew,
+yet they did not give over the Fight, and one of them desperately threw
+himself upon _Caraccioli_, and gave him a deep Wound in his Side, with a
+long Knife, but he paid for the Rashness of the Attempt with his Life,
+one of the Crew cleaving his Skull. The Yawls and Long-Boats now
+arrived, and being guided by the Noise, reinforced their Companions, put
+the Traytors to Flight, and brought off their dead and wounded. The
+_Europeans_ lost by this Treachery seven slain outright, and eight
+wounded, six of which recovered.
+
+The Crew were resolved to revenge the Blood of their Officers and
+Comrades the next Day, and were accordingly on the Point of Landing,
+when two Canoes came off with two Men bound, the pretended Authors of
+this Treason, without the King's Knowledge, who had sent 'em that they
+might receive the Punishment due to their Villany. The _Johanna_ Men on
+Board were call'd for Interpreters, who having given this Account,
+added, that the King only sacrificed these Men, but that they should not
+believe him, for he certainly had given Orders for assassinating the
+_Europeans_; and the better Way was to kill all the _Mohilians_ that
+came in the Canoes as well as the two Prisoners; go back to _Johanna_,
+take more of their Countrymen, and give no Peace to Traytors; but
+_Misson_ was for no such violent Measures, he was averse to every Thing
+that bore the Face of Cruelty and thought a bloody Revenge, if Necessity
+did not enforce it, spoke a groveling and timid Soul; he, therefore,
+sent those of the Canoes back, and bid them tell their King, if before
+the Evening he sent the Hostages agreed upon, he should give Credit to
+his Excuse, but if he did not, he should believe him the Author of the
+late vile Attempt on his Life.
+
+The Canoes went off but returned not with an Answer, wherefore, he bid
+the _Johanna_ Men tell the two Prisoners that they should be set on
+Shore the next Morning, and order'd them to acquaint their King, he was
+no Executioner to put those to Death whom he had condemn'd, but that he
+should find, he knew how to revenge himself of his Treason. The
+Prisoners being unbound, threw themselves at his Feet, and begg'd that
+he would not send them ashore, for they should be surely put to Death,
+for the Crime they had committed, was, the dissuading the barbarous
+Action of which they were accused as Authors.
+
+Next Day the two Ships landed 200 Men, under the Cover of their Canon;
+but that Precaution of bringing their Ships close to the Shore they
+found needless; not a soul appearing, they march'd two Leagues up the
+Country, when they saw a Body of Men appear behind some Shrubs;
+_Caraccioli's_ Lieutenant, who commanded the right Wing, with fifty Men
+made up to them, but found he had got among Pit Falls artificially
+cover'd, several of his Men falling into them, which made him halt, and
+not pursue those _Mohilians_ who made a feint Retreat to ensnare him,
+thinking it dangerous to proceed farther; and seeing no Enemy would face
+them, they retired the same Way they came, and getting into their Boats,
+went on Board the Ships, resolving to return with a strong
+Reinforcement, and make Descents at one and the same Time in different
+Parts of the Island. They ask'd the two Prisoners how the Country lay,
+and what the Soil was on the North Side the Island; and they answer'd it
+was morass, and the most dangerous Part to attempt, it being a Place
+where they shelter on any imminent Danger.
+
+The Ships return'd to _Johanna_, where the greatest Tenderness and Care
+was shown for the Recovery and Cure of the two Captains and of their
+Men; they lay six Weeks before they were able to walk the Decks, for
+neither of them would quit his Ship. Their _Johanna_ Wives expressed a
+Concern they did not think them capable of, nay, a Wife of one of the
+wounded Men who died, stood some Time looking upon the Corpse as
+motionless as a Statue, then embracing it, without shedding a Tear,
+desired she might take it ashore to wash and bury it; and at the same
+Time, by an Interpreter, and with a little Mixture of _European_
+Language, she had, begg'd her late Husband's Friends would take their
+Leave of him the next Day.
+
+Accordingly a Number went ashore, and carried with them the Dividend,
+which fell to his Share, which the Captain order'd to be given his
+Widow; when she saw the Money, she smil'd, and ask'd if all, all that
+was for her? Being answered in the affirmative, and what Good will all
+that shining Dirt do me, if I could with it purchase the Life of my
+Husband, and call him back from the Grave, I would accept it with
+Pleasure, but as it is not sufficient to allure him back to this World,
+I have no Use for it; do with it what you please. Then she desired they
+would go with her and perform the last Ceremonies to her Husband's dead
+Body, after their Country Fashion, least he should be displeased, that
+she could not stay with them, to be a Witness, because she was in haste
+to go and be married again. She startled the _Europeans_ who heard this
+latter Part of her Speech so dissonant from the Beginning; however, they
+followed her, and she led them into a Plantane Walk, where they found a
+great many _Johanna_ Men and Women, sitting under the Shade of
+Plantanes, round the Corpse, which lay (as they all sate) on the Ground,
+covered with Flowers. She embraced them round, and then the _Europeans_,
+one by one, and after these Ceremonies, she poured out a Number of
+bitter Imprecations against the _Mohila_ Men, whose Treachery had
+darken'd her Husband's Eyes, and made him insensible of her Caresses,
+who was her first Love, to whom she had given her Heart, with her
+Virginity. She then proceeded in his Praises, calling him the Joy of
+Infants, the Love of Virgins, the Delight of the old, and the Wonder of
+the young, adding, he was strong and beautiful as the Cedar, brave as
+the Bull, tender as the Kid, and loving as the Ground Turtle; having
+finished this Oration, not unlike those of the _Romans_, which the
+nearest Relation of the deceas'd used to pronounce from the Rostrum, she
+laid her down by the Side of her Husband, embracing him, and sitting up
+again, gave herself a deep Wound under the left Breast with a Bayonet,
+and fell dead on her Husband's Corpse.
+
+The _Europeans_ were astonished at the Tenderness and Resolution of the
+Girl, for she was not, by what Her Mien spoke her, past seventeen; and
+they now admired, as much as they had secretly detested her, for saying
+she was in haste to be married again, the Meaning of which they did not
+understand.
+
+After the Husband and Wife were buried, the Crew return'd on Board, and
+gave an Account of what had pass'd; the Captains Wives (for _Misson_ and
+his were on Board the _Bijoux_, the Name they had given their Prize from
+her Make and Gilding) seem'd not in the least surprized, and
+_Caraccioli's_ Lady only said, she must be of noble Descent, for none
+but the Families of the Nobility had the Privilege allowed them of
+following their Husbands on pain, if they transgressed, of being thrown
+into the Sea, to be eat by Fish; and they knew, that their Souls could
+not rest as long as any of the Fish, who fed upon them, lived. _Misson_
+asked, if they intended to have done the same Thing had they died? We
+should not, answer'd his Wife, have disgraced our Families; nor is our
+Tenderness for our Husbands inferior to hers whom you seem to admire.
+
+After their Recovery, _Misson_ proposes a Cruize, on the Coast of
+_Zangueber_, which being agreed to, he and _Caraccioli_ took Leave of
+the Queen and her Brother, and would have left their Wives on the
+Island, but they could by no Means be induced to the Separation; it was
+in vain to urge the Shortness of the Time they were to Cruize; they
+answer'd it was farther than _Mohila_ they intended to go, and if they
+were miserable in that short Absence, they could never support a longer;
+and if they would not allow them to keep them Company the Voyage, they
+must not expect to see them at their Return, if they intended one.
+
+In a Word they were obliged to yield to them, but told them, if the
+Wives of their Men should insist as strongly on following their Example,
+their Tenderness, would be their Ruin, and make them a Prey to their
+Enemies; they answer'd the Queen should prevent that, by ordering no
+Woman should go on board, and if any were in the Ships, they should
+return on Shore: This Order was accordingly made, and they set Sail for
+the River of _Mozembique_. In about ten Days Cruize after they had left
+_Johanna_, and about 15 Leagues to the Eastward of this River, they fell
+in with a stout _Portuguese_ Ship of 60 Guns, which engaged them from
+Break of Day till Two in the Afternoon, when the Captain being killed,
+and a great Number of Men lost, she struck: This proved a very rich
+Prize, for she had the Value of 250000 _L_. Sterling on Board, in
+Gold-Dust. The two Women never quitted the Decks all the Time of the
+Engagement, neither gave they the least Mark of Fear, except for their
+Husbands: This Engagement cost them thirty Men, and _Caraccioli_ lost
+his right Leg; the Slaughter fell mostly on the _English_, for of the
+above Number, twenty were of that Nation: The _Portuguese_ lost double
+the Number. _Caraccioli's_ Wound made them resolve to make the best of
+their Way for _Johanna_ where the greatest Care was taken of their
+wounded, not one of whom died, tho' their Number amounted to Twenty
+seven.
+
+_Caraccioli_ kept his Bed two Months, but _Misson_ seeing him in a fair
+way of Recovery, took what Hands could be spar'd from the _Bijoux_,
+leaving her sufficient for Defence, and went out, having mounted ten of
+the _Portuguese_ Guns, for he had hitherto carried but thirty, though he
+had Ports for forty. He stretched over to _Madagascar_, and coasted
+along this Island to the Northward, as far as the most northerly Point,
+when turning back, he enter'd a Bay to the northward of _Diego Suares_.
+He run ten Leagues up this Bay, and on the larboard Side found it
+afforded a large, and safe, Harbour, with plenty of fresh Water. He came
+here to an Anchor, went ashore and examined into the Nature of the Soil,
+which he found rich, the Air wholesome, and the Country level. He told
+his Men, that this was an excellent Place for an Asylum, and that he
+determined here to fortify and raise a small Town, and make Docks for
+Shipping, that they might have some Place to call their own; and a
+Receptacle, when Age or Wounds had render'd them incapable of Hardship,
+where they might enjoy the Fruits of their Labour, and go to their
+Graves in Peace. That he would not, however, set about this, till he had
+the Approbation of the whole Company; and were he sure they would all
+approve this Design, which he hoped, it being evidently for the general
+Good, he should not think it adviseable to begin any Works, lest the
+Natives should, in his Absence, destroy them; but however, as they had
+nothing upon their Hands, if they were of his Opinion, they might begin
+to fall and square Timber, ready for the raising a wooden Fort, when
+they return'd with their Companions.
+
+The Captain's Motion was universally applauded, and in ten Days they
+fell'd and rough hew'd a hundred and fifty large Trees, without any
+Interruption from, or seeing any of, the Inhabitants. They fell'd their
+Timber at the Waters Edge, so that they had not the Trouble of hawling
+them any way, which would have employ'd a great deal more Time: They
+returned again, and acquainted their Companions with what they had seen
+and done, and with the Captain's Resolution, which they one and all came
+into.
+
+Captain _Misson_ then told the Queen, as he had been serviceable to her
+in her War with the Island of _Mohila_, and might continue to be of
+farther Use, he did not question her lending him Assistance in the
+settling himself on the Coast of _Madagascar_, and to that end, furnish
+him with 300 Men, to help in his Buildings; the Queen answered, she
+could do nothing without Consent of Council, and that she would assemble
+her Nobility, and did not question their agreeing to any Thing he could
+reasonably define, for they were sensible of the Obligations the
+_Johanians_ had to him. The Council was accordingly called, and
+_Misson_'s Demand being told, one of the eldest said, he did not think
+it expedient to comply with it, nor safe to refuse; that they should in
+agreeing to give him that Assistance, help to raise a Power, which might
+prove formidable to themselves, by the being so near a Neighbour; and
+these Men who had lately protected, might, when they found it for their
+Interest, enslave them. On the other hand, if they did not comply, they
+had the Power to do them great Damage. That they were to make choice of
+the least of two possible Evils, for he could prognosticate no Good to
+_Johanna_, by their settling near it. Another answered, that many of
+them had _Johanna_ Wives, that it was not likely they would make Enemies
+of the _Johanna_ Men at first settling, because their Friendship might
+be of Use to them; and from their Children there was nothing to be
+apprehended in the next Generation, for they would be half their own
+Blood; that in the mean while, if they comply'd with the Request, they
+might be sure of an Ally, and Protector, against the King of _Mohila_;
+wherefore, he was for agreeing to the Demand.
+
+After a long Debate, in which every Inconvenience, and Advantage, was
+maturely considered, it was agreed to send with him the Number of Men he
+required, on Condition he should send them back in four Moons, make an
+Alliance with them, and War against _Mohila_; this being agreed to, they
+staid till _Caraccioli_ was thoroughly recovered, then putting the
+_Johannians_ on board the _Portuguese_ Ship with 40 _French_ and
+_English_ and 15 _Portuguese_ to work her, and setting Sail, they
+arrived at the Place where _Misson_ designed his Settlement, which he
+called _Libertalia_, and gave the Name of _Liberi_ to his People,
+desiring in that might be drown'd the distingush'd Names of _French_,
+_English_, _Dutch_, _Africans_, &c.
+
+The first Thing they sat about was, the raising a Fort on each Side the
+Harbour, which they made of an octogon Figure, and having finished and
+mounted them with 40 Guns taken out of the _Portuguese_, they raised a
+Battery on an Angle of ten Guns, and began to raise Houses and Magazines
+under the Protection of their Forts and Ships; the _Portuguese_ was
+unrigg'd, and all her Sails and Cordage carefully laid up. While they
+were very busily employed in the raising a Town, a Party which had often
+hunted and rambled four or five Leagues off their Settlement, resolved
+to venture farther into the Country. They made themselves some Huts, at
+about 4 Leagues distance from their Companions, and travell'd East South
+East, about 5 Leagues farther into the Country, when they came up with a
+Black, who was arm'd with a Bow, Arrows, and a Javelin; they with a
+friendly Appearance engaged the Fellow to lay by his Fear and go with
+them. They carried him to their Companions, and there entertained him
+three Days with a great Deal of Humanity, and then returned with him
+near the Place they found him, made him a Present of a Piece of scarlet
+Baze, and an Ax; he appeared overjoy'd at the Present, and left them
+with seeming Satisfaction.
+
+The Hunters imagined that there might be some Village not far off, and
+observing that he look'd at the Sun, and then took his Way direct South,
+they travell'd on the same Point of the Compass, and from the Top of a
+Hill they spied a pretty large Village, and went down to it; the Men
+came out with their Arms, such as before described, Bows, Arrows, and
+Javelins, but upon two only of the Whites advancing, with Presents of
+Axes, and Baze in their Hands, they sent only four to meet them. The
+Misfortune was, that they could not understand one another, but by their
+pointing to the Sun, and holding up one Finger, and making one of them
+go forward, and return again with shewing their Circumcision, and
+pointing up to Heaven with one Finger, they apprehended, they gave them
+to understand, there was but one God, who had sent one Prophet, and
+concluded from thence, and their Circumcision they were _Mahometans_;
+the Presents were carried to their Chief, and he seem'd to receive them
+kindly, and by Signs invited the Whites into their Village; but they,
+remembring the late Treachery of the _Mohilians_, made Signs for
+Victuals to be brought them where they were.
+
+_More of the History of these Adventurers in another Place._
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Of Captain Mission, by Daniel Defoe
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