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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/7162-h.zip b/7162-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..3c42ab9 --- /dev/null +++ b/7162-h.zip diff --git a/7162-h/7162-h.htm b/7162-h/7162-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..708e962 --- /dev/null +++ b/7162-h/7162-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1797 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<html> +<head> +<title>THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER, By Mark Twain, Part 9.</title> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> + +<style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {background:#faebd7; margin:10%; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; + margin-top: .75em; + margin-bottom: .75em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; } + HR { width: 33%; text-align: center; } + blockquote {font-size: 97% } + .figleft {float: left;} + .figright {float: right;} + .toc { margin-left: 15%; margin-bottom: 0em;} + CENTER { padding: 10px;} + // --> +</style> + +</head> +<body> + +<h2>THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER, By Mark Twain, Part 9.</h2> +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Prince and The Pauper, Part 9. +by Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Prince and The Pauper, Part 9. + +Author: Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) + +Release Date: July 4, 2004 [EBook #7162] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER, PART 9. *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + +</pre> + + + + + + +<br> +<hr> +<br><br><br><br><br><br> + + + +<center> +<h1>THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER</h1> +<br><br> +<h2>by Mark Twain +<br><br><br><br>Part Nine +</h2> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="bookcover.jpg (148K)" src="images/bookcover.jpg" height="1018" width="948"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="frontispiece1.jpg (135K)" src="images/frontispiece1.jpg" height="1067" width="745"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="frontispiece2.jpg (123K)" src="images/frontispiece2.jpg" height="939" width="747"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="titlepage.jpg (62K)" src="images/titlepage.jpg" height="1083" width="815"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="greatseal.jpg (68K)" src="images/greatseal.jpg" height="438" width="711"> +<br>The Great Seal +</center> +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="dedication.jpg (21K)" src="images/dedication.jpg" height="420" width="663"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="inscription.jpg (16K)" src="images/inscription.jpg" height="219" width="601"> +</center> + + +<br><br><br><br> + +<br><br> +<blockquote><blockquote><blockquote><blockquote> +<b> +I will set down a tale as it was told to me by one who had it of his +father, which latter had it of HIS father, this last having in like +manner had it of HIS father—and so on, back and still back, three +hundred years and more, the fathers transmitting it to the sons and so +preserving it. It may be history, it may be only a legend, a tradition. +It may have happened, it may not have happened: but it COULD have +happened. It may be that the wise and the learned believed it in the old +days; it may be that only the unlearned and the simple loved it and +credited it.</b> +</blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote> + +<br><br><br><br> + + + + +<h2> +CONTENTS</h2> + +<center> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td> + + + +XXXII. </td><td><a href="#c32">Coronation Day</a>.<br></td></tr><tr><td> +XXXIII. </td><td><a href="#c33">Edward as King.</a><br></td></tr><tr><td> +Conclusion. </td><td><a href="#c34">Justice and Retribution.</a><br></td></tr><tr><td> + </td><td><a href="#35-403">Notes.</a><br></td></tr> + + + +</table> +</center> + + + + + +<br><br><br><br> + +<h2>ILLUSTRATIONS</h2> +<center> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td> + + + +<a href="#32-363">CORONATION DAY</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-366">"GATHERS UP THE LADY'S LONG TRAIN"</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-368">"TOM CANTY APPEARED"</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-370">"AND FELL ON HIS KNEES BEFORE HIM"</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-373">"THE GREAT SEAL—FETCH IT HITHER"</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-375">"SIRE, THE SEAL IS NOT THERE"</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-377">"BETHINK THEE, MY KING"</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-379">"LONG LIVE THE TRUE KING!"</a><br><br> +<a href="#32-381">"TO CRACK NUTS WITH"</a><br><br> +<a href="#33-383">EDWARD AS KING</a><br><br> +<a href="#33-386">"HE STRETCHED HIMSELF ON THE GROUND"</a><br><br> +<a href="#33-389">"ARRESTED AS A SUSPICIOUS CHARACTER"</a><br><br> +<a href="#33-392">"IT IS HIS RIGHT"</a><br><br> +<a href="#33-394">"STRIP THIS ROBBER"</a><br><br> +<a href="#33-395">"TOM ROSE AND KISSED THE KING'S HAND"</a><br><br> +<a href="#34-397">JUSTICE AND RETRIBUTION</a><br><br> +<a href="#35-403">NOTES</a><br><br> + + +</td></tr> +</table> +</center> + + + +<br><br><hr><br> +<br><br> +<a name="c32"></a> +<a name="32-363"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-363.jpg (51K)" src="images/32-363.jpg" height="434" width="682"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<p>Chapter XXXII. Coronation Day.</p> + +<p>Let us go backward a few hours, and place ourselves in Westminster Abbey, +at four o'clock in the morning of this memorable Coronation Day. We are +not without company; for although it is still night, we find the +torch-lighted galleries already filling up with people who are well content to +sit still and wait seven or eight hours till the time shall come for them +to see what they may not hope to see twice in their lives—the coronation +of a King. Yes, London and Westminster have been astir ever since the +warning guns boomed at three o'clock, and already crowds of untitled rich +folk who have bought the privilege of trying to find sitting-room in the +galleries are flocking in at the entrances reserved for their sort.</p> + +<p>The hours drag along tediously enough. All stir has ceased for some +time, for every gallery has long ago been packed. We may sit, now, and +look and think at our leisure. We have glimpses, here and there and +yonder, through the dim cathedral twilight, of portions of many galleries +and balconies, wedged full with other people, the other portions of these +galleries and balconies being cut off from sight by intervening pillars +and architectural projections. We have in view the whole of the great +north transept—empty, and waiting for England's privileged ones. We see +also the ample area or platform, carpeted with rich stuffs, whereon the +throne stands. The throne occupies the centre of the platform, and is +raised above it upon an elevation of four steps. Within the seat of the +throne is enclosed a rough flat rock—the stone of Scone—which many +generations of Scottish kings sat on to be crowned, and so it in time +became holy enough to answer a like purpose for English monarchs. Both +the throne and its footstool are covered with cloth of gold.</p> + +<p>Stillness reigns, the torches blink dully, the time drags heavily. But at +last the lagging daylight asserts itself, the torches are extinguished, +and a mellow radiance suffuses the great spaces. All features of the +noble building are distinct now, but soft and dreamy, for the sun is +lightly veiled with clouds.</p> + +<p>At seven o'clock the first break in the drowsy monotony occurs; for on +the stroke of this hour the first peeress enters the transept, clothed +like Solomon for splendour, and is conducted to her appointed place by an +official clad in satins and velvets, whilst a duplicate of him gathers up +the lady's long train, follows after, and, when the lady is seated, +arranges the train across her lap for her. He then places her footstool +according to her desire, after which he puts her coronet where it will be +convenient to her hand when the time for the simultaneous coroneting of +the nobles shall arrive.</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-366"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-366.jpg (53K)" src="images/32-366.jpg" height="366" width="732"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>By this time the peeresses are flowing in in a glittering stream, and the +satin-clad officials are flitting and glinting everywhere, seating them +and making them comfortable. The scene is animated enough now. There is +stir and life, and shifting colour everywhere. After a time, quiet +reigns again; for the peeresses are all come and are all in their places, +a solid acre or such a matter, of human flowers, resplendent in +variegated colours, and frosted like a Milky Way with diamonds. There +are all ages here: brown, wrinkled, white-haired dowagers who are able to +go back, and still back, down the stream of time, and recall the crowning +of Richard III. and the troublous days of that old forgotten age; and +there are handsome middle-aged dames; and lovely and gracious young +matrons; and gentle and beautiful young girls, with beaming eyes and +fresh complexions, who may possibly put on their jewelled coronets +awkwardly when the great time comes; for the matter will be new to them, +and their excitement will be a sore hindrance. Still, this may not +happen, for the hair of all these ladies has been arranged with a special +view to the swift and successful lodging of the crown in its place when +the signal comes.</p> + +<p>We have seen that this massed array of peeresses is sown thick with +diamonds, and we also see that it is a marvellous spectacle—but now we +are about to be astonished in earnest. About nine, the clouds suddenly +break away and a shaft of sunshine cleaves the mellow atmosphere, and +drifts slowly along the ranks of ladies; and every rank it touches flames +into a dazzling splendour of many-coloured fires, and we tingle to our +finger-tips with the electric thrill that is shot through us by the +surprise and the beauty of the spectacle! Presently a special envoy from +some distant corner of the Orient, marching with the general body of +foreign ambassadors, crosses this bar of sunshine, and we catch our +breath, the glory that streams and flashes and palpitates about him is so +overpowering; for he is crusted from head to heel with gems, and his +slightest movement showers a dancing radiance all around him.</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-368"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-368.jpg (158K)" src="images/32-368.jpg" height="1017" width="732"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>Let us change the tense for convenience. The time drifted along—one +hour—two hours—two hours and a half; then the deep booming of artillery +told that the King and his grand procession had arrived at last; so the +waiting multitude rejoiced. All knew that a further delay must follow, +for the King must be prepared and robed for the solemn ceremony; but this +delay would be pleasantly occupied by the assembling of the peers of the +realm in their stately robes. These were conducted ceremoniously to +their seats, and their coronets placed conveniently at hand; and +meanwhile the multitude in the galleries were alive with interest, for +most of them were beholding for the first time, dukes, earls, and barons, +whose names had been historical for five hundred years. When all were +finally seated, the spectacle from the galleries and all coigns of +vantage was complete; a gorgeous one to look upon and to remember.</p> + +<p>Now the robed and mitred great heads of the church, and their attendants, +filed in upon the platform and took their appointed places; these were +followed by the Lord Protector and other great officials, and these again +by a steel-clad detachment of the Guard.</p> + +<p>There was a waiting pause; then, at a signal, a triumphant peal of music +burst forth, and Tom Canty, clothed in a long robe of cloth of gold, +appeared at a door, and stepped upon the platform. The entire multitude +rose, and the ceremony of the Recognition ensued.</p> + +<p>Then a noble anthem swept the Abbey with its rich waves of sound; and +thus heralded and welcomed, Tom Canty was conducted to the throne. The +ancient ceremonies went on, with impressive solemnity, whilst the +audience gazed; and as they drew nearer and nearer to completion, Tom +Canty grew pale, and still paler, and a deep and steadily deepening woe +and despondency settled down upon his spirits and upon his remorseful +heart.</p> + +<p>At last the final act was at hand. The Archbishop of Canterbury lifted +up the crown of England from its cushion and held it out over the +trembling mock-King's head. In the same instant a rainbow-radiance +flashed along the spacious transept; for with one impulse every +individual in the great concourse of nobles lifted a coronet and poised +it over his or her head—and paused in that attitude.</p> + +<p>A deep hush pervaded the Abbey. At this impressive moment, a startling +apparition intruded upon the scene—an apparition observed by none in the +absorbed multitude, until it suddenly appeared, moving up the great +central aisle. It was a boy, bareheaded, ill shod, and clothed in coarse +plebeian garments that were falling to rags. He raised his hand with a +solemnity which ill comported with his soiled and sorry aspect, and +delivered this note of warning—</p> + +<p>"I forbid you to set the crown of England upon that forfeited head. I am +the King!"</p> + +<p>In an instant several indignant hands were laid upon the boy; but in the +same instant Tom Canty, in his regal vestments, made a swift step +forward, and cried out in a ringing voice—</p> + +<p>"Loose him and forbear! He IS the King!"</p> + +<p>A sort of panic of astonishment swept the assemblage, and they partly +rose in their places and stared in a bewildered way at one another and at +the chief figures in this scene, like persons who wondered whether they +were awake and in their senses, or asleep and dreaming. The Lord +Protector was as amazed as the rest, but quickly recovered himself, and +exclaimed in a voice of authority—</p> + +<p>"Mind not his Majesty, his malady is upon him again—seize the vagabond!"</p> + +<p>He would have been obeyed, but the mock-King stamped his foot and cried +out—</p> + +<p>"On your peril! Touch him not, he is the King!"</p> + +<p>The hands were withheld; a paralysis fell upon the house; no one moved, +no one spoke; indeed, no one knew how to act or what to say, in so +strange and surprising an emergency. While all minds were struggling to +right themselves, the boy still moved steadily forward, with high port +and confident mien; he had never halted from the beginning; and while the +tangled minds still floundered helplessly, he stepped upon the platform, +and the mock-King ran with a glad face to meet him; and fell on his knees +before him and said—</p> + +<p>"Oh, my lord the King, let poor Tom Canty be first to swear fealty to +thee, and say, 'Put on thy crown and enter into thine own again!'"</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-370"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-370.jpg (121K)" src="images/32-370.jpg" height="553" width="708"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<p>The Lord Protector's eye fell sternly upon the new-comer's face; but +straightway the sternness vanished away, and gave place to an expression +of wondering surprise. This thing happened also to the other great +officers. They glanced at each other, and retreated a step by a common +and unconscious impulse. The thought in each mind was the same: "What a +strange resemblance!"</p> + +<p>The Lord Protector reflected a moment or two in perplexity, then he said, +with grave respectfulness—</p> + +<p>"By your favour, sir, I desire to ask certain questions which—"</p> + +<p>"I will answer them, my lord."</p> + +<p>The Duke asked him many questions about the Court, the late King, the +prince, the princesses—the boy answered them correctly and without +hesitating. He described the rooms of state in the palace, the late +King's apartments, and those of the Prince of Wales.</p> + +<p>It was strange; it was wonderful; yes, it was unaccountable—so all said +that heard it. The tide was beginning to turn, and Tom Canty's hopes to +run high, when the Lord Protector shook his head and said—</p> + +<p>"It is true it is most wonderful—but it is no more than our lord the +King likewise can do." This remark, and this reference to himself as +still the King, saddened Tom Canty, and he felt his hopes crumbling from +under him. "These are not PROOFS," added the Protector.</p> + +<p>The tide was turning very fast now, very fast indeed—but in the wrong +direction; it was leaving poor Tom Canty stranded on the throne, and +sweeping the other out to sea. The Lord Protector communed with +himself—shook his head—the thought forced itself upon him, "It is perilous to +the State and to us all, to entertain so fateful a riddle as this; it +could divide the nation and undermine the throne." He turned and said—</p> + +<p>"Sir Thomas, arrest this—No, hold!" His face lighted, and he confronted +the ragged candidate with this question—</p> + +<p>"Where lieth the Great Seal? Answer me this truly, and the riddle is +unriddled; for only he that was Prince of Wales CAN so answer! On so +trivial a thing hang a throne and a dynasty!"</p> + +<p>It was a lucky thought, a happy thought. That it was so considered by +the great officials was manifested by the silent applause that shot from +eye to eye around their circle in the form of bright approving glances. +Yes, none but the true prince could dissolve the stubborn mystery of the +vanished Great Seal—this forlorn little impostor had been taught his +lesson well, but here his teachings must fail, for his teacher himself +could not answer THAT question—ah, very good, very good indeed; now we +shall be rid of this troublesome and perilous business in short order! +And so they nodded invisibly and smiled inwardly with satisfaction, and +looked to see this foolish lad stricken with a palsy of guilty confusion. +How surprised they were, then, to see nothing of the sort happen—how +they marvelled to hear him answer up promptly, in a confident and +untroubled voice, and say—</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-373"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-373.jpg (201K)" src="images/32-373.jpg" height="1035" width="762"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>"There is nought in this riddle that is difficult." Then, without so +much as a by-your-leave to anybody, he turned and gave this command, with +the easy manner of one accustomed to doing such things: "My Lord St. +John, go you to my private cabinet in the palace—for none knoweth the +place better than you—and, close down to the floor, in the left corner +remotest from the door that opens from the ante-chamber, you shall find +in the wall a brazen nail-head; press upon it and a little jewel-closet +will fly open which not even you do know of—no, nor any soul else in +all the world but me and the trusty artisan that did contrive it for me. +The first thing that falleth under your eye will be the Great Seal—fetch +it hither."</p> + +<p>All the company wondered at this speech, and wondered still more to see +the little mendicant pick out this peer without hesitancy or apparent +fear of mistake, and call him by name with such a placidly convincing air +of having known him all his life. The peer was almost surprised into +obeying. He even made a movement as if to go, but quickly recovered his +tranquil attitude and confessed his blunder with a blush. Tom Canty +turned upon him and said, sharply—</p> + +<p>"Why dost thou hesitate? Hast not heard the King's command? Go!"</p> + +<p>The Lord St. John made a deep obeisance—and it was observed that it was +a significantly cautious and non-committal one, it not being delivered at +either of the kings, but at the neutral ground about half-way between the +two—and took his leave.</p> + +<p>Now began a movement of the gorgeous particles of that official group +which was slow, scarcely perceptible, and yet steady and persistent—a +movement such as is observed in a kaleidoscope that is turned slowly, +whereby the components of one splendid cluster fall away and join +themselves to another—a movement which, little by little, in the present +case, dissolved the glittering crowd that stood about Tom Canty and +clustered it together again in the neighbourhood of the new-comer. Tom +Canty stood almost alone. Now ensued a brief season of deep suspense and +waiting—during which even the few faint hearts still remaining near Tom +Canty gradually scraped together courage enough to glide, one by one, +over to the majority. So at last Tom Canty, in his royal robes and +jewels, stood wholly alone and isolated from the world, a conspicuous +figure, occupying an eloquent vacancy.</p> + +<p>Now the Lord St. John was seen returning. As he advanced up the +mid-aisle the interest was so intense that the low murmur of conversation in +the great assemblage died out and was succeeded by a profound hush, a +breathless stillness, through which his footfalls pulsed with a dull and +distant sound. Every eye was fastened upon him as he moved along. He +reached the platform, paused a moment, then moved toward Tom Canty with a +deep obeisance, and said—</p> + +<p>"Sire, the Seal is not there!"</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-375"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-375.jpg (77K)" src="images/32-375.jpg" height="392" width="733"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>A mob does not melt away from the presence of a plague-patient with more +haste than the band of pallid and terrified courtiers melted away from +the presence of the shabby little claimant of the Crown. In a moment he +stood all alone, without friend or supporter, a target upon which was +concentrated a bitter fire of scornful and angry looks. The Lord +Protector called out fiercely—</p> + +<p>"Cast the beggar into the street, and scourge him through the town—the +paltry knave is worth no more consideration!"</p> + +<p>Officers of the guard sprang forward to obey, but Tom Canty waved them +off and said—</p> + +<p>"Back! Whoso touches him perils his life!"</p> + +<p>The Lord Protector was perplexed in the last degree. He said to the Lord +St. John—</p> + +<p>"Searched you well?—but it boots not to ask that. It doth seem passing +strange. Little things, trifles, slip out of one's ken, and one does not +think it matter for surprise; but how so bulky a thing as the Seal of +England can vanish away and no man be able to get track of it again—a +massy golden disk—"</p> + +<p>Tom Canty, with beaming eyes, sprang forward and shouted—</p> + +<p>"Hold, that is enough! Was it round?—and thick?—and had it letters and +devices graved upon it?—yes? Oh, NOW I know what this Great Seal is +that there's been such worry and pother about. An' ye had described it to +me, ye could have had it three weeks ago. Right well I know where it +lies; but it was not I that put it there—first."</p> + +<p>"Who, then, my liege?" asked the Lord Protector.</p> + +<p>"He that stands there—the rightful King of England. And he shall tell +you himself where it lies—then you will believe he knew it of his own +knowledge. Bethink thee, my King—spur thy memory—it was the last, the +very LAST thing thou didst that day before thou didst rush forth from the +palace, clothed in my rags, to punish the soldier that insulted me."</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-377"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-377.jpg (85K)" src="images/32-377.jpg" height="466" width="744"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>A silence ensued, undisturbed by a movement or a whisper, and all eyes +were fixed upon the new-comer, who stood, with bent head and corrugated +brow, groping in his memory among a thronging multitude of valueless +recollections for one single little elusive fact, which, found, would +seat him upon a throne—unfound, would leave him as he was, for good and +all—a pauper and an outcast. Moment after moment passed—the moments +built themselves into minutes—still the boy struggled silently on, and +gave no sign. But at last he heaved a sigh, shook his head slowly, and +said, with a trembling lip and in a despondent voice—</p> + +<p>"I call the scene back—all of it—but the Seal hath no place in it." He +paused, then looked up, and said with gentle dignity, "My lords and +gentlemen, if ye will rob your rightful sovereign of his own for lack of +this evidence which he is not able to furnish, I may not stay ye, being +powerless. But—"</p> + +<p>"Oh, folly, oh, madness, my King!" cried Tom Canty, in a panic, +"wait!—think! Do not give up!—the cause is not lost! Nor SHALL be, neither! +List to what I say—follow every word—I am going to bring that morning +back again, every hap just as it happened. We talked—I told you of my +sisters, Nan and Bet—ah, yes, you remember that; and about mine old +grandam—and the rough games of the lads of Offal Court—yes, you +remember these things also; very well, follow me still, you shall recall +everything. You gave me food and drink, and did with princely courtesy +send away the servants, so that my low breeding might not shame me before +them—ah, yes, this also you remember."</p> + +<p>As Tom checked off his details, and the other boy nodded his head in +recognition of them, the great audience and the officials stared in +puzzled wonderment; the tale sounded like true history, yet how could +this impossible conjunction between a prince and a beggar-boy have come +about? Never was a company of people so perplexed, so interested, and so +stupefied, before.</p> + +<p>"For a jest, my prince, we did exchange garments. Then we stood before a +mirror; and so alike were we that both said it seemed as if there had +been no change made—yes, you remember that. Then you noticed that the +soldier had hurt my hand—look! here it is, I cannot yet even write with +it, the fingers are so stiff. At this your Highness sprang up, vowing +vengeance upon that soldier, and ran towards the door—you passed a +table—that thing you call the Seal lay on that table—you snatched it up +and looked eagerly about, as if for a place to hide it—your eye caught +sight of—"</p> + +<p>"There, 'tis sufficient!—and the good God be thanked!" exclaimed the +ragged claimant, in a mighty excitement. "Go, my good St. John—in an +arm-piece of the Milanese armour that hangs on the wall, thou'lt find the +Seal!"</p> + +<p>"Right, my King! right!" cried Tom Canty; "NOW the sceptre of England is +thine own; and it were better for him that would dispute it that he had +been born dumb! Go, my Lord St. John, give thy feet wings!"</p> + +<p>The whole assemblage was on its feet now, and well-nigh out of its mind +with uneasiness, apprehension, and consuming excitement. On the floor +and on the platform a deafening buzz of frantic conversation burst forth, +and for some time nobody knew anything or heard anything or was +interested in anything but what his neighbour was shouting into his ear, +or he was shouting into his neighbour's ear. Time—nobody knew how much +of it—swept by unheeded and unnoted. At last a sudden hush fell upon +the house, and in the same moment St. John appeared upon the platform, +and held the Great Seal aloft in his hand. Then such a shout went up—</p> + +<p>"Long live the true King!"</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-379"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-379.jpg (169K)" src="images/32-379.jpg" height="1010" width="720"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>For five minutes the air quaked with shouts and the crash of musical +instruments, and was white with a storm of waving handkerchiefs; and +through it all a ragged lad, the most conspicuous figure in England, +stood, flushed and happy and proud, in the centre of the spacious +platform, with the great vassals of the kingdom kneeling around him.</p> + +<p>Then all rose, and Tom Canty cried out—</p> + +<p>"Now, O my King, take these regal garments back, and give poor Tom, thy +servant, his shreds and remnants again."</p> + +<p>The Lord Protector spoke up—</p> + +<p>"Let the small varlet be stripped and flung into the Tower."</p> + +<p>But the new King, the true King, said—</p> + +<p>"I will not have it so. But for him I had not got my crown again—none +shall lay a hand upon him to harm him. And as for thee, my good uncle, +my Lord Protector, this conduct of thine is not grateful toward this poor +lad, for I hear he hath made thee a duke"—the Protector blushed—"yet he +was not a king; wherefore what is thy fine title worth now? To-morrow +you shall sue to me, THROUGH HIM, for its confirmation, else no duke, but +a simple earl, shalt thou remain."</p> + +<p>Under this rebuke, his Grace the Duke of Somerset retired a little from +the front for the moment. The King turned to Tom, and said kindly—"My +poor boy, how was it that you could remember where I hid the Seal when I +could not remember it myself?"</p> + +<p>"Ah, my King, that was easy, since I used it divers days."</p> + +<p>"Used it—yet could not explain where it was?"</p> + +<p>"I did not know it was THAT they wanted. They did not describe it, your +Majesty."</p> + +<p>"Then how used you it?"</p> + +<p>The red blood began to steal up into Tom's cheeks, and he dropped his +eyes and was silent.</p> + +<p>"Speak up, good lad, and fear nothing," said the King. "How used you the +Great Seal of England?"</p> + +<p>Tom stammered a moment, in a pathetic confusion, then got it out—</p> + +<p>"To crack nuts with!"</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="32-381"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="32-381.jpg (59K)" src="images/32-381.jpg" height="298" width="732"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>Poor child, the avalanche of laughter that greeted this nearly swept him +off his feet. But if a doubt remained in any mind that Tom Canty was not +the King of England and familiar with the august appurtenances of +royalty, this reply disposed of it utterly.</p> + +<p>Meantime the sumptuous robe of state had been removed from Tom's +shoulders to the King's, whose rags were effectually hidden from sight +under it. Then the coronation ceremonies were resumed; the true King was +anointed and the crown set upon his head, whilst cannon thundered the +news to the city, and all London seemed to rock with applause.</p> + + + +<br><br><hr><br> +<br><br> +<a name="c33"></a> +<a name="33-383"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="33-383.jpg (86K)" src="images/33-383.jpg" height="784" width="641"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<p>Chapter XXXIII. Edward as King.</p> + +<p>Miles Hendon was picturesque enough before he got into the riot on London +Bridge—he was more so when he got out of it. He had but little money +when he got in, none at all when he got out. The pickpockets had +stripped him of his last farthing.</p> + +<p>But no matter, so he found his boy. Being a soldier, he did not go at +his task in a random way, but set to work, first of all, to arrange his +campaign.</p> + +<p>What would the boy naturally do? Where would he naturally go? +Well—argued Miles—he would naturally go to his former haunts, for that is the +instinct of unsound minds, when homeless and forsaken, as well as of +sound ones. Whereabouts were his former haunts? His rags, taken +together with the low villain who seemed to know him and who even claimed +to be his father, indicated that his home was in one or another of the +poorest and meanest districts of London. Would the search for him be +difficult, or long? No, it was likely to be easy and brief. He would +not hunt for the boy, he would hunt for a crowd; in the centre of a big +crowd or a little one, sooner or later, he should find his poor little +friend, sure; and the mangy mob would be entertaining itself with +pestering and aggravating the boy, who would be proclaiming himself King, +as usual. Then Miles Hendon would cripple some of those people, and +carry off his little ward, and comfort and cheer him with loving words, +and the two would never be separated any more.</p> + +<p>So Miles started on his quest. Hour after hour he tramped through back +alleys and squalid streets, seeking groups and crowds, and finding no end +of them, but never any sign of the boy. This greatly surprised him, but +did not discourage him. To his notion, there was nothing the matter with +his plan of campaign; the only miscalculation about it was that the +campaign was becoming a lengthy one, whereas he had expected it to be +short.</p> + +<p>When daylight arrived, at last, he had made many a mile, and canvassed +many a crowd, but the only result was that he was tolerably tired, rather +hungry and very sleepy. He wanted some breakfast, but there was no way +to get it. To beg for it did not occur to him; as to pawning his sword, +he would as soon have thought of parting with his honour; he could spare +some of his clothes—yes, but one could as easily find a customer for a +disease as for such clothes.</p> + +<p>At noon he was still tramping—among the rabble which followed after the +royal procession, now; for he argued that this regal display would +attract his little lunatic powerfully. He followed the pageant through +all its devious windings about London, and all the way to Westminster and +the Abbey. He drifted here and there amongst the multitudes that were +massed in the vicinity for a weary long time, baffled and perplexed, and +finally wandered off, thinking, and trying to contrive some way to better +his plan of campaign. By-and-by, when he came to himself out of his +musings, he discovered that the town was far behind him and that the day +was growing old. He was near the river, and in the country; it was a +region of fine rural seats—not the sort of district to welcome clothes +like his.</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="33-386"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="33-386.jpg (94K)" src="images/33-386.jpg" height="482" width="718"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>It was not at all cold; so he stretched himself on the ground in the lee +of a hedge to rest and think. Drowsiness presently began to settle upon +his senses; the faint and far-off boom of cannon was wafted to his ear, +and he said to himself, "The new King is crowned," and straightway fell +asleep. He had not slept or rested, before, for more than thirty hours. +He did not wake again until near the middle of the next morning.</p> + +<p>He got up, lame, stiff, and half famished, washed himself in the river, +stayed his stomach with a pint or two of water, and trudged off toward +Westminster, grumbling at himself for having wasted so much time. Hunger +helped him to a new plan, now; he would try to get speech with old Sir +Humphrey Marlow and borrow a few marks, and—but that was enough of a +plan for the present; it would be time enough to enlarge it when this +first stage should be accomplished.</p> + +<p>Toward eleven o'clock he approached the palace; and although a host of +showy people were about him, moving in the same direction, he was not +inconspicuous—his costume took care of that. He watched these people's +faces narrowly, hoping to find a charitable one whose possessor might be +willing to carry his name to the old lieutenant—as to trying to get into +the palace himself, that was simply out of the question.</p> + +<p>Presently our whipping-boy passed him, then wheeled about and scanned his +figure well, saying to himself, "An' that is not the very vagabond his +Majesty is in such a worry about, then am I an ass—though belike I was +that before. He answereth the description to a rag—that God should make +two such would be to cheapen miracles by wasteful repetition. I would I +could contrive an excuse to speak with him."</p> + +<p>Miles Hendon saved him the trouble; for he turned about, then, as a man +generally will when somebody mesmerises him by gazing hard at him from +behind; and observing a strong interest in the boy's eyes, he stepped +toward him and said—</p> + +<p>"You have just come out from the palace; do you belong there?"</p> + +<p>"Yes, your worship."</p> + +<p>"Know you Sir Humphrey Marlow?"</p> + +<p>The boy started, and said to himself, "Lord! mine old departed father!" +Then he answered aloud, "Right well, your worship."</p> + +<p>"Good—is he within?"</p> + +<p>"Yes," said the boy; and added, to himself, "within his grave."</p> + +<p>"Might I crave your favour to carry my name to him, and say I beg to say +a word in his ear?"</p> + +<p>"I will despatch the business right willingly, fair sir."</p> + +<p>"Then say Miles Hendon, son of Sir Richard, is here without—I shall be +greatly bounden to you, my good lad."</p> + +<p>The boy looked disappointed. "The King did not name him so," he said to +himself; "but it mattereth not, this is his twin brother, and can give +his Majesty news of t'other Sir-Odds-and-Ends, I warrant." So he said to +Miles, "Step in there a moment, good sir, and wait till I bring you +word."</p> + +<p>Hendon retired to the place indicated—it was a recess sunk in the palace +wall, with a stone bench in it—a shelter for sentinels in bad weather. +He had hardly seated himself when some halberdiers, in charge of an +officer, passed by. The officer saw him, halted his men, and commanded +Hendon to come forth. He obeyed, and was promptly arrested as a +suspicious character prowling within the precincts of the palace. Things +began to look ugly. Poor Miles was going to explain, but the officer +roughly silenced him, and ordered his men to disarm him and search him.</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="33-389"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="33-389.jpg (117K)" src="images/33-389.jpg" height="658" width="720"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>"God of his mercy grant that they find somewhat," said poor Miles; "I +have searched enow, and failed, yet is my need greater than theirs."</p> + +<p>Nothing was found but a document. The officer tore it open, and Hendon +smiled when he recognised the 'pot-hooks' made by his lost little friend +that black day at Hendon Hall. The officer's face grew dark as he read +the English paragraph, and Miles blenched to the opposite colour as he +listened.</p> + +<p>"Another new claimant of the Crown!" cried the officer. "Verily they +breed like rabbits, to-day. Seize the rascal, men, and see ye keep him +fast whilst I convey this precious paper within and send it to the King."</p> + +<p>He hurried away, leaving the prisoner in the grip of the halberdiers.</p> + +<p>"Now is my evil luck ended at last," muttered Hendon, "for I shall dangle +at a rope's end for a certainty, by reason of that bit of writing. And +what will become of my poor lad!—ah, only the good God knoweth."</p> + +<p>By-and-by he saw the officer coming again, in a great hurry; so he +plucked his courage together, purposing to meet his trouble as became a +man. The officer ordered the men to loose the prisoner and return his +sword to him; then bowed respectfully, and said—</p> + +<p>"Please you, sir, to follow me."</p> + +<p>Hendon followed, saying to himself, "An' I were not travelling to death +and judgment, and so must needs economise in sin, I would throttle this +knave for his mock courtesy."</p> + +<p>The two traversed a populous court, and arrived at the grand entrance of +the palace, where the officer, with another bow, delivered Hendon into +the hands of a gorgeous official, who received him with profound respect +and led him forward through a great hall, lined on both sides with rows +of splendid flunkeys (who made reverential obeisance as the two passed +along, but fell into death-throes of silent laughter at our stately +scarecrow the moment his back was turned), and up a broad staircase, +among flocks of fine folk, and finally conducted him into a vast room, +clove a passage for him through the assembled nobility of England, then +made a bow, reminded him to take his hat off, and left him standing in +the middle of the room, a mark for all eyes, for plenty of indignant +frowns, and for a sufficiency of amused and derisive smiles.</p> + +<p>Miles Hendon was entirely bewildered. There sat the young King, under a +canopy of state, five steps away, with his head bent down and aside, +speaking with a sort of human bird of paradise—a duke, maybe. Hendon +observed to himself that it was hard enough to be sentenced to death in +the full vigour of life, without having this peculiarly public +humiliation added. He wished the King would hurry about it—some of the +gaudy people near by were becoming pretty offensive. At this moment the +King raised his head slightly, and Hendon caught a good view of his face. +The sight nearly took his breath away!—He stood gazing at the fair young +face like one transfixed; then presently ejaculated—</p> + +<p>"Lo, the Lord of the Kingdom of Dreams and Shadows on his throne!"</p> + +<p>He muttered some broken sentences, still gazing and marvelling; then +turned his eyes around and about, scanning the gorgeous throng and the +splendid saloon, murmuring, "But these are REAL—verily these are +REAL—surely it is not a dream."</p> + +<p>He stared at the King again—and thought, "IS it a dream . . . or IS he +the veritable Sovereign of England, and not the friendless poor Tom o' +Bedlam I took him for—who shall solve me this riddle?"</p> + +<p>A sudden idea flashed in his eye, and he strode to the wall, gathered up +a chair, brought it back, planted it on the floor, and sat down in it!</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="33-392"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="33-392.jpg (184K)" src="images/33-392.jpg" height="1039" width="746"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>A buzz of indignation broke out, a rough hand was laid upon him and a +voice exclaimed—</p> + +<p>"Up, thou mannerless clown! would'st sit in the presence of the King?"</p> + +<p>The disturbance attracted his Majesty's attention, who stretched forth +his hand and cried out—</p> + +<p>"Touch him not, it is his right!"</p> + +<p>The throng fell back, stupefied. The King went on—</p> + +<p>"Learn ye all, ladies, lords, and gentlemen, that this is my trusty and +well-beloved servant, Miles Hendon, who interposed his good sword and +saved his prince from bodily harm and possible death—and for this he is +a knight, by the King's voice. Also learn, that for a higher service, in +that he saved his sovereign stripes and shame, taking these upon himself, +he is a peer of England, Earl of Kent, and shall have gold and lands meet +for the dignity. More—the privilege which he hath just exercised is his +by royal grant; for we have ordained that the chiefs of his line shall +have and hold the right to sit in the presence of the Majesty of England +henceforth, age after age, so long as the crown shall endure. Molest him +not."</p> + +<p>Two persons, who, through delay, had only arrived from the country during +this morning, and had now been in this room only five minutes, stood +listening to these words and looking at the King, then at the scarecrow, +then at the King again, in a sort of torpid bewilderment. These were Sir +Hugh and the Lady Edith. But the new Earl did not see them. He was +still staring at the monarch, in a dazed way, and muttering—</p> + +<p>"Oh, body o' me! THIS my pauper! This my lunatic! This is he whom _I_ +would show what grandeur was, in my house of seventy rooms and +seven-and-twenty servants! This is he who had never known aught but rags for +raiment, kicks for comfort, and offal for diet! This is he whom _I_ +adopted and would make respectable! Would God I had a bag to hide my head +in!"</p> + +<p>Then his manners suddenly came back to him, and he dropped upon his +knees, with his hands between the King's, and swore allegiance and did +homage for his lands and titles. Then he rose and stood respectfully +aside, a mark still for all eyes—and much envy, too.</p> + +<p>Now the King discovered Sir Hugh, and spoke out with wrathful voice and +kindling eye—</p> + +<p>"Strip this robber of his false show and stolen estates, and put him +under lock and key till I have need of him."</p> + +<p>The late Sir Hugh was led away.</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="33-394"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="33-394.jpg (165K)" src="images/33-394.jpg" height="828" width="719"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>There was a stir at the other end of the room, now; the assemblage fell +apart, and Tom Canty, quaintly but richly clothed, marched down, between +these living walls, preceded by an usher. He knelt before the King, who +said—</p> + +<p>"I have learned the story of these past few weeks, and am well pleased +with thee. Thou hast governed the realm with right royal gentleness and +mercy. Thou hast found thy mother and thy sisters again? Good; they +shall be cared for—and thy father shall hang, if thou desire it and the +law consent. Know, all ye that hear my voice, that from this day, they +that abide in the shelter of Christ's Hospital and share the King's +bounty shall have their minds and hearts fed, as well as their baser +parts; and this boy shall dwell there, and hold the chief place in its +honourable body of governors, during life. And for that he hath been a +king, it is meet that other than common observance shall be his due; +wherefore note this his dress of state, for by it he shall be known, and +none shall copy it; and wheresoever he shall come, it shall remind the +people that he hath been royal, in his time, and none shall deny him his +due of reverence or fail to give him salutation. He hath the throne's +protection, he hath the crown's support, he shall be known and called by +the honourable title of the King's Ward."</p> + +<br><br> +<a name="33-395"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="33-395.jpg (145K)" src="images/33-395.jpg" height="772" width="708"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>The proud and happy Tom Canty rose and kissed the King's hand, and was +conducted from the presence. He did not waste any time, but flew to his +mother, to tell her and Nan and Bet all about it and get them to help him +enjoy the great news. {1}</p> + +<br><br><hr><br> +<br><br> +<a name="c34"></a> +<a name="34-397"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="34-397.jpg (58K)" src="images/34-397.jpg" height="477" width="750"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>Conclusion. Justice and retribution.</p> + +<p>When the mysteries were all cleared up, it came out, by confession of +Hugh Hendon, that his wife had repudiated Miles by his command, that day +at Hendon Hall—a command assisted and supported by the perfectly +trustworthy promise that if she did not deny that he was Miles Hendon, +and stand firmly to it, he would have her life; whereupon she said, "Take +it!"—she did not value it—and she would not repudiate Miles; then the +husband said he would spare her life but have Miles assassinated! This +was a different matter; so she gave her word and kept it.</p> + +<p>Hugh was not prosecuted for his threats or for stealing his brother's +estates and title, because the wife and brother would not testify against +him—and the former would not have been allowed to do it, even if she had +wanted to. Hugh deserted his wife and went over to the continent, where +he presently died; and by-and-by the Earl of Kent married his relict. +There were grand times and rejoicings at Hendon village when the couple +paid their first visit to the Hall.</p> + +<p>Tom Canty's father was never heard of again.</p> + +<p>The King sought out the farmer who had been branded and sold as a slave, +and reclaimed him from his evil life with the Ruffler's gang, and put him +in the way of a comfortable livelihood.</p> + +<p>He also took that old lawyer out of prison and remitted his fine. He +provided good homes for the daughters of the two Baptist women whom he +saw burned at the stake, and roundly punished the official who laid the +undeserved stripes upon Miles Hendon's back.</p> + +<p>He saved from the gallows the boy who had captured the stray falcon, and +also the woman who had stolen a remnant of cloth from a weaver; but he +was too late to save the man who had been convicted of killing a deer in +the royal forest.</p> + +<p>He showed favour to the justice who had pitied him when he was supposed +to have stolen a pig, and he had the gratification of seeing him grow in +the public esteem and become a great and honoured man.</p> + +<p>As long as the King lived he was fond of telling the story of his +adventures, all through, from the hour that the sentinel cuffed him away +from the palace gate till the final midnight when he deftly mixed himself +into a gang of hurrying workmen and so slipped into the Abbey and climbed +up and hid himself in the Confessor's tomb, and then slept so long, next +day, that he came within one of missing the Coronation altogether. He +said that the frequent rehearsing of the precious lesson kept him strong +in his purpose to make its teachings yield benefits to his people; and +so, whilst his life was spared he should continue to tell the story, and +thus keep its sorrowful spectacles fresh in his memory and the springs of +pity replenished in his heart.</p> + +<p>Miles Hendon and Tom Canty were favourites of the King, all through his +brief reign, and his sincere mourners when he died. The good Earl of Kent +had too much sense to abuse his peculiar privilege; but he exercised it +twice after the instance we have seen of it before he was called from +this world—once at the accession of Queen Mary, and once at the +accession of Queen Elizabeth. A descendant of his exercised it at the +accession of James I. Before this one's son chose to use the privilege, +near a quarter of a century had elapsed, and the 'privilege of the Kents' +had faded out of most people's memories; so, when the Kent of that day +appeared before Charles I. and his court and sat down in the sovereign's +presence to assert and perpetuate the right of his house, there was a +fine stir indeed! But the matter was soon explained, and the right +confirmed. The last Earl of the line fell in the wars of the +Commonwealth fighting for the King, and the odd privilege ended with him.</p> + +<p>Tom Canty lived to be a very old man, a handsome, white-haired old +fellow, of grave and benignant aspect. As long as he lasted he was +honoured; and he was also reverenced, for his striking and peculiar +costume kept the people reminded that 'in his time he had been royal;' +so, wherever he appeared the crowd fell apart, making way for him, and +whispering, one to another, "Doff thy hat, it is the King's Ward!"—and +so they saluted, and got his kindly smile in return—and they valued it, +too, for his was an honourable history.</p> + +<p>Yes, King Edward VI. lived only a few years, poor boy, but he lived them +worthily. More than once, when some great dignitary, some gilded vassal +of the crown, made argument against his leniency, and urged that some law +which he was bent upon amending was gentle enough for its purpose, and +wrought no suffering or oppression which any one need mightily mind, the +young King turned the mournful eloquence of his great compassionate eyes +upon him and answered—</p> + +<p>"What dost THOU know of suffering and oppression? I and my people know, +but not thou."</p> + +<p>The reign of Edward VI. was a singularly merciful one for those harsh +times. Now that we are taking leave of him, let us try to keep this in +our minds, to his credit.</p> + +<br><br><hr><br> +<br><br> +<a name="c35"></a> +<a name="35-403"></a> +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="35-403.jpg (46K)" src="images/35-403.jpg" height="464" width="728"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>FOOTNOTES AND TWAIN'S NOTES</p> + +<p> + +{1} For Mark Twain's note see below under the relevant chapter heading.</p> + +<p>{2} He refers to the order of baronets, or baronettes; the barones +minores, as distinct from the parliamentary barons—not, it need hardly +be said, to the baronets of later creation.</p> + +<p>{3} The lords of Kingsale, descendants of De Courcy, still enjoy this +curious privilege.</p> + +<p>{4} Hume.</p> + +<p>{5} Ib.</p> + +<p>{6} Leigh Hunt's 'The Town,' p.408, quotation from an early tourist.</p> + +<p>{7} Canting terms for various kinds of thieves, beggars and vagabonds, +and their female companions.</p> + +<p>{8} From 'The English Rogue.' London, 1665.</p> + +<p>{9} Hume's England.</p> + +<p>{10} See Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, True and False, p. 11.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 1, Chapter IV. Christ's Hospital Costume.</p> + +<p>It is most reasonable to regard the dress as copied from the costume of +the citizens of London of that period, when long blue coats were the +common habit of apprentices and serving-men, and yellow stockings were +generally worn; the coat fits closely to the body, but has loose sleeves, +and beneath is worn a sleeveless yellow under-coat; around the waist is a +red leathern girdle; a clerical band around the neck, and a small flat +black cap, about the size of a saucer, completes the costume.—Timbs' +Curiosities of London.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 2, Chapter IV.</p> + +<p>It appears that Christ's Hospital was not originally founded as a SCHOOL; +its object was to rescue children from the streets, to shelter, feed, +clothe them.—Timbs' Curiosities of London.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 3, Chapter V. The Duke of Norfolk's Condemnation commanded.</p> + +<p>The King was now approaching fast towards his end; and fearing lest +Norfolk should escape him, he sent a message to the Commons, by which he +desired them to hasten the Bill, on pretence that Norfolk enjoyed the +dignity of Earl Marshal, and it was necessary to appoint another, who +might officiate at the ensuing ceremony of installing his son Prince of +Wales.—Hume's History of England, vol. iii. p. 307.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 4, Chapter VII.</p> + +<p>It was not till the end of this reign (Henry VIII.) that any salads, +carrots, turnips, or other edible roots were produced in England. The +little of these vegetables that was used was formerly imported from +Holland and Flanders. Queen Catherine, when she wanted a salad, was +obliged to despatch a messenger thither on purpose.—Hume's History of +England, vol. iii. p. 314.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 5, Chapter VIII. Attainder of Norfolk.</p> + +<p>The House of Peers, without examining the prisoner, without trial or +evidence, passed a Bill of Attainder against him and sent it down to the +Commons . . . The obsequious Commons obeyed his (the King's) directions; +and the King, having affixed the Royal assent to the Bill by +commissioners, issued orders for the execution of Norfolk on the morning +of January 29 (the next day).—Hume's History of England, vol iii. p 306.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 6, Chapter X. The Loving-cup.</p> + +<p>The loving-cup, and the peculiar ceremonies observed in drinking from it, +are older than English history. It is thought that both are Danish +importations. As far back as knowledge goes, the loving-cup has always +been drunk at English banquets. Tradition explains the ceremonies in +this way. In the rude ancient times it was deemed a wise precaution to +have both hands of both drinkers employed, lest while the pledger pledged +his love and fidelity to the pledgee, the pledgee take that opportunity +to slip a dirk into him!</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 7, Chapter XI. The Duke of Norfolk's narrow Escape.</p> + +<p>Had Henry VIII. survived a few hours longer, his order for the duke's +execution would have been carried into effect. 'But news being carried to +the Tower that the King himself had expired that night, the lieutenant +deferred obeying the warrant; and it was not thought advisable by the +Council to begin a new reign by the death of the greatest nobleman in the +kingdom, who had been condemned by a sentence so unjust and +tyrannical.'—Hume's History of England, vol. iii, p. 307.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 8, Chapter XIV. The Whipping-boy.</p> + +<p>James I. and Charles II. had whipping-boys, when they were little +fellows, to take their punishment for them when they fell short in their +lessons; so I have ventured to furnish my small prince with one, for my +own purposes.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTES to Chapter XV.</p> + +<p>Character of Hertford.</p> + +<p>The young King discovered an extreme attachment to his uncle, who was, in +the main, a man of moderation and probity.—Hume's History of England, +vol. iii, p324.</p> + +<p>But if he (the Protector) gave offence by assuming too much state, he +deserves great praise on account of the laws passed this session, by +which the rigour of former statutes was much mitigated, and some security +given to the freedom of the constitution. All laws were repealed which +extended the crime of treason beyond the statute of the twenty-fifth of +Edward III.; all laws enacted during the late reign extending the crime +of felony; all the former laws against Lollardy or heresy, together with +the statute of the Six Articles. None were to be accused for words, but +within a month after they were spoken. By these repeals several of the +most rigorous laws that ever had passed in England were annulled; and +some dawn, both of civil and religious liberty, began to appear to the +people. A repeal also passed of that law, the destruction of all laws, +by which the King's proclamation was made of equal force with a statute. +—Ibid. vol. iii. p. 339.</p> + +<p>Boiling to Death.</p> + +<p>In the reign of Henry VIII. poisoners were, by Act of Parliament, +condemned to be BOILED TO DEATH. This Act was repealed in the following +reign.</p> + +<p>In Germany, even in the seventeenth century, this horrible punishment was +inflicted on coiners and counterfeiters. Taylor, the Water Poet, +describes an execution he witnessed in Hamburg in 1616. The judgment +pronounced against a coiner of false money was that he should 'BE BOILED +TO DEATH IN OIL; not thrown into the vessel at once, but with a pulley or +rope to be hanged under the armpits, and then let down into the oil BY +DEGREES; first the feet, and next the legs, and so to boil his flesh from +his bones alive.'—Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, True and False, +p. 13.</p> + +<p>The Famous Stocking Case.</p> + +<p>A woman and her daughter, NINE YEARS OLD, were hanged in Huntingdon for +selling their souls to the devil, and raising a storm by pulling off +their stockings!—Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, True and False, p. +20.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTE 10, Chapter XVII. Enslaving.</p> + +<p>So young a King and so ignorant a peasant were likely to make mistakes; +and this is an instance in point. This peasant was suffering from this +law BY ANTICIPATION; the King was venting his indignation against a law +which was not yet in existence; for this hideous statute was to have +birth in this little King's OWN REIGN. However, we know, from the +humanity of his character, that it could never have been suggested by +him.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTES to Chapter XXIII. Death for Trifling Larcenies.</p> + +<p>When Connecticut and New Haven were framing their first codes, larceny +above the value of twelve pence was a capital crime in England—as it had +been since the time of Henry I.—Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, +True and False, p. 17.</p> + +<p>The curious old book called The English Rogue makes the limit thirteen +pence ha'penny: death being the portion of any who steal a thing 'above +the value of thirteen pence ha'penny.'</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTES to Chapter XXVII.</p> + +<p>From many descriptions of larceny the law expressly took away the benefit +of clergy: to steal a horse, or a HAWK, or woollen cloth from the +weaver, was a hanging matter. So it was to kill a deer from the King's +forest, or to export sheep from the kingdom.—Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's +Blue Laws, True and False, p.13.</p> + +<p>William Prynne, a learned barrister, was sentenced (long after Edward +VI.'s time) to lose both his ears in the pillory, to degradation from the +bar, a fine of 3,000 pounds, and imprisonment for life. Three years +afterwards he gave new offence to Laud by publishing a pamphlet against +the hierarchy. He was again prosecuted, and was sentenced to lose WHAT +REMAINED OF HIS EARS, to pay a fine of 5,000 pounds, to be BRANDED ON +BOTH HIS CHEEKS with the letters S. L. (for Seditious Libeller), and to +remain in prison for life. The severity of this sentence was equalled by +the savage rigour of its execution.—Ibid. p. 12.</p> + +<p><br><br><br>NOTES to Chapter XXXIII.</p> + +<p>Christ's Hospital, or Bluecoat School, 'the noblest institution in the +world.'</p> + +<p>The ground on which the Priory of the Grey Friars stood was conferred by +Henry VIII. on the Corporation of London (who caused the institution +there of a home for poor boys and girls). Subsequently, Edward VI. caused +the old Priory to be properly repaired, and founded within it that noble +establishment called the Bluecoat School, or Christ's Hospital, for the +EDUCATION and maintenance of orphans and the children of indigent persons +. . . Edward would not let him (Bishop Ridley) depart till the letter was +written (to the Lord Mayor), and then charged him to deliver it himself, +and signify his special request and commandment that no time might be +lost in proposing what was convenient, and apprising him of the +proceedings. The work was zealously undertaken, Ridley himself engaging +in it; and the result was the founding of Christ's Hospital for the +education of poor children. (The King endowed several other charities at +the same time.) "Lord God," said he, "I yield Thee most hearty thanks +that Thou hast given me life thus long to finish this work to the glory +of Thy name!" That innocent and most exemplary life was drawing rapidly +to its close, and in a few days he rendered up his spirit to his Creator, +praying God to defend the realm from Papistry.—J. Heneage Jesse's +London: its Celebrated Characters and Places.</p> + +<p>In the Great Hall hangs a large picture of King Edward VI. seated on his +throne, in a scarlet and ermined robe, holding the sceptre in his left +hand, and presenting with the other the Charter to the kneeling Lord +Mayor. By his side stands the Chancellor, holding the seals, and next to +him are other officers of state. Bishop Ridley kneels before him with +uplifted hands, as if supplicating a blessing on the event; whilst the +Aldermen, etc., with the Lord Mayor, kneel on both sides, occupying the +middle ground of the picture; and lastly, in front, are a double row of +boys on one side and girls on the other, from the master and matron down +to the boy and girl who have stepped forward from their respective rows, +and kneel with raised hands before the King.—Timbs' Curiosities of +London, p. 98.</p> + +<p>Christ's Hospital, by ancient custom, possesses the privilege of +addressing the Sovereign on the occasion of his or her coming into the +City to partake of the hospitality of the Corporation of London.—Ibid.</p> + +<p>The Dining Hall, with its lobby and organ-gallery, occupies the entire +storey, which is 187 feet long, 51 feet wide, and 47 feet high; it is lit +by nine large windows, filled with stained glass on the south side; and +is, next to Westminster Hall, the noblest room in the metropolis. Here +the boys, now about 800 in number, dine; and here are held the 'Suppings +in Public,' to which visitors are admitted by tickets issued by the +Treasurer and by the Governors of Christ's Hospital. The tables are laid +with cheese in wooden bowls, beer in wooden piggins, poured from leathern +jacks, and bread brought in large baskets. The official company enter; +the Lord Mayor, or President, takes his seat in a state chair made of oak +from St. Catherine's Church, by the Tower; a hymn is sung, accompanied by +the organ; a 'Grecian,' or head boy, reads the prayers from the pulpit, +silence being enforced by three drops of a wooden hammer. After prayer +the supper commences, and the visitors walk between the tables. At its +close the 'trade-boys' take up the baskets, bowls, jacks, piggins, and +candlesticks, and pass in procession, the bowing to the Governors being +curiously formal. This spectacle was witnessed by Queen Victoria and +Prince Albert in 1845.</p> + +<p>Among the more eminent Bluecoat boys are Joshua Barnes, editor of +Anacreon and Euripides; Jeremiah Markland, the eminent critic, +particularly in Greek Literature; Camden, the antiquary; Bishop +Stillingfleet; Samuel Richardson, the novelist; Thomas Mitchell, the +translator of Aristophanes; Thomas Barnes, many years editor of the +London Times; Coleridge, Charles Lamb, and Leigh Hunt.</p> + +<p>No boy is admitted before he is seven years old, or after he is nine; and +no boy can remain in the school after he is fifteen, King's boys and +'Grecians' alone excepted. There are about 500 Governors, at the head of +whom are the Sovereign and the Prince of Wales. The qualification for a +Governor is payment of 500 pounds.—Ibid.</p> + +<br><br><br> +<p> +GENERAL NOTE.</p> + +<p> +One hears much about the 'hideous Blue Laws of Connecticut,' and is +accustomed to shudder piously when they are mentioned. There are people +in America—and even in England!—who imagine that they were a very +monument of malignity, pitilessness, and inhumanity; whereas in reality +they were about the first SWEEPING DEPARTURE FROM JUDICIAL ATROCITY which +the 'civilised' world had seen. This humane and kindly Blue Law Code, of +two hundred and forty years ago, stands all by itself, with ages of +bloody law on the further side of it, and a century and three-quarters of +bloody English law on THIS side of it.</p> + +<p>There has never been a time—under the Blue Laws or any other—when above +FOURTEEN crimes were punishable by death in Connecticut. But in England, +within the memory of men who are still hale in body and mind, TWO HUNDRED +AND TWENTY-THREE crimes were punishable by death! {10} These facts are +worth knowing—and worth thinking about, too.</p> + + + +<br> +<br> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Prince and The Pauper, Part 9. +by Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER, PART 9. *** + +***** This file should be named 7162-h.htm or 7162-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/7/1/6/7162/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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Clemens) + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Prince and The Pauper, Part 9. + +Author: Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) + +Release Date: July 4, 2004 [EBook #7162] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER, PART 9. *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + + THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER + + by Mark Twain + + Part 9. + + + + +Chapter XXXII. Coronation Day. + +Let us go backward a few hours, and place ourselves in Westminster Abbey, +at four o'clock in the morning of this memorable Coronation Day. We are +not without company; for although it is still night, we find the +torch-lighted galleries already filling up with people who are well +content to sit still and wait seven or eight hours till the time shall +come for them to see what they may not hope to see twice in their lives +--the coronation of a King. Yes, London and Westminster have been astir +ever since the warning guns boomed at three o'clock, and already crowds +of untitled rich folk who have bought the privilege of trying to find +sitting-room in the galleries are flocking in at the entrances reserved +for their sort. + +The hours drag along tediously enough. All stir has ceased for some +time, for every gallery has long ago been packed. We may sit, now, and +look and think at our leisure. We have glimpses, here and there and +yonder, through the dim cathedral twilight, of portions of many galleries +and balconies, wedged full with other people, the other portions of these +galleries and balconies being cut off from sight by intervening pillars +and architectural projections. We have in view the whole of the great +north transept--empty, and waiting for England's privileged ones. We see +also the ample area or platform, carpeted with rich stuffs, whereon the +throne stands. The throne occupies the centre of the platform, and is +raised above it upon an elevation of four steps. Within the seat of the +throne is enclosed a rough flat rock--the stone of Scone--which many +generations of Scottish kings sat on to be crowned, and so it in time +became holy enough to answer a like purpose for English monarchs. Both +the throne and its footstool are covered with cloth of gold. + +Stillness reigns, the torches blink dully, the time drags heavily. But at +last the lagging daylight asserts itself, the torches are extinguished, +and a mellow radiance suffuses the great spaces. All features of the +noble building are distinct now, but soft and dreamy, for the sun is +lightly veiled with clouds. + +At seven o'clock the first break in the drowsy monotony occurs; for on +the stroke of this hour the first peeress enters the transept, clothed +like Solomon for splendour, and is conducted to her appointed place by an +official clad in satins and velvets, whilst a duplicate of him gathers up +the lady's long train, follows after, and, when the lady is seated, +arranges the train across her lap for her. He then places her footstool +according to her desire, after which he puts her coronet where it will be +convenient to her hand when the time for the simultaneous coroneting of +the nobles shall arrive. + +By this time the peeresses are flowing in in a glittering stream, and the +satin-clad officials are flitting and glinting everywhere, seating them +and making them comfortable. The scene is animated enough now. There is +stir and life, and shifting colour everywhere. After a time, quiet +reigns again; for the peeresses are all come and are all in their places, +a solid acre or such a matter, of human flowers, resplendent in +variegated colours, and frosted like a Milky Way with diamonds. There +are all ages here: brown, wrinkled, white-haired dowagers who are able to +go back, and still back, down the stream of time, and recall the crowning +of Richard III. and the troublous days of that old forgotten age; and +there are handsome middle-aged dames; and lovely and gracious young +matrons; and gentle and beautiful young girls, with beaming eyes and +fresh complexions, who may possibly put on their jewelled coronets +awkwardly when the great time comes; for the matter will be new to them, +and their excitement will be a sore hindrance. Still, this may not +happen, for the hair of all these ladies has been arranged with a special +view to the swift and successful lodging of the crown in its place when +the signal comes. + +We have seen that this massed array of peeresses is sown thick with +diamonds, and we also see that it is a marvellous spectacle--but now we +are about to be astonished in earnest. About nine, the clouds suddenly +break away and a shaft of sunshine cleaves the mellow atmosphere, and +drifts slowly along the ranks of ladies; and every rank it touches flames +into a dazzling splendour of many-coloured fires, and we tingle to our +finger-tips with the electric thrill that is shot through us by the +surprise and the beauty of the spectacle! Presently a special envoy from +some distant corner of the Orient, marching with the general body of +foreign ambassadors, crosses this bar of sunshine, and we catch our +breath, the glory that streams and flashes and palpitates about him is so +overpowering; for he is crusted from head to heel with gems, and his +slightest movement showers a dancing radiance all around him. + +Let us change the tense for convenience. The time drifted along--one +hour--two hours--two hours and a half; then the deep booming of artillery +told that the King and his grand procession had arrived at last; so the +waiting multitude rejoiced. All knew that a further delay must follow, +for the King must be prepared and robed for the solemn ceremony; but this +delay would be pleasantly occupied by the assembling of the peers of the +realm in their stately robes. These were conducted ceremoniously to +their seats, and their coronets placed conveniently at hand; and +meanwhile the multitude in the galleries were alive with interest, for +most of them were beholding for the first time, dukes, earls, and barons, +whose names had been historical for five hundred years. When all were +finally seated, the spectacle from the galleries and all coigns of +vantage was complete; a gorgeous one to look upon and to remember. + +Now the robed and mitred great heads of the church, and their attendants, +filed in upon the platform and took their appointed places; these were +followed by the Lord Protector and other great officials, and these again +by a steel-clad detachment of the Guard. + +There was a waiting pause; then, at a signal, a triumphant peal of music +burst forth, and Tom Canty, clothed in a long robe of cloth of gold, +appeared at a door, and stepped upon the platform. The entire multitude +rose, and the ceremony of the Recognition ensued. + +Then a noble anthem swept the Abbey with its rich waves of sound; and +thus heralded and welcomed, Tom Canty was conducted to the throne. The +ancient ceremonies went on, with impressive solemnity, whilst the +audience gazed; and as they drew nearer and nearer to completion, Tom +Canty grew pale, and still paler, and a deep and steadily deepening woe +and despondency settled down upon his spirits and upon his remorseful +heart. + +At last the final act was at hand. The Archbishop of Canterbury lifted +up the crown of England from its cushion and held it out over the +trembling mock-King's head. In the same instant a rainbow-radiance +flashed along the spacious transept; for with one impulse every +individual in the great concourse of nobles lifted a coronet and poised +it over his or her head--and paused in that attitude. + +A deep hush pervaded the Abbey. At this impressive moment, a startling +apparition intruded upon the scene--an apparition observed by none in the +absorbed multitude, until it suddenly appeared, moving up the great +central aisle. It was a boy, bareheaded, ill shod, and clothed in coarse +plebeian garments that were falling to rags. He raised his hand with a +solemnity which ill comported with his soiled and sorry aspect, and +delivered this note of warning-- + +"I forbid you to set the crown of England upon that forfeited head. I am +the King!" + +In an instant several indignant hands were laid upon the boy; but in the +same instant Tom Canty, in his regal vestments, made a swift step +forward, and cried out in a ringing voice-- + +"Loose him and forbear! He IS the King!" + +A sort of panic of astonishment swept the assemblage, and they partly +rose in their places and stared in a bewildered way at one another and at +the chief figures in this scene, like persons who wondered whether they +were awake and in their senses, or asleep and dreaming. The Lord +Protector was as amazed as the rest, but quickly recovered himself, and +exclaimed in a voice of authority-- + +"Mind not his Majesty, his malady is upon him again--seize the vagabond!" + +He would have been obeyed, but the mock-King stamped his foot and cried +out-- + +"On your peril! Touch him not, he is the King!" + +The hands were withheld; a paralysis fell upon the house; no one moved, +no one spoke; indeed, no one knew how to act or what to say, in so +strange and surprising an emergency. While all minds were struggling to +right themselves, the boy still moved steadily forward, with high port +and confident mien; he had never halted from the beginning; and while the +tangled minds still floundered helplessly, he stepped upon the platform, +and the mock-King ran with a glad face to meet him; and fell on his knees +before him and said-- + +"Oh, my lord the King, let poor Tom Canty be first to swear fealty to +thee, and say, 'Put on thy crown and enter into thine own again!'" + +The Lord Protector's eye fell sternly upon the new-comer's face; but +straightway the sternness vanished away, and gave place to an expression +of wondering surprise. This thing happened also to the other great +officers. They glanced at each other, and retreated a step by a common +and unconscious impulse. The thought in each mind was the same: "What a +strange resemblance!" + +The Lord Protector reflected a moment or two in perplexity, then he said, +with grave respectfulness-- + +"By your favour, sir, I desire to ask certain questions which--" + +"I will answer them, my lord." + +The Duke asked him many questions about the Court, the late King, the +prince, the princesses--the boy answered them correctly and without +hesitating. He described the rooms of state in the palace, the late +King's apartments, and those of the Prince of Wales. + +It was strange; it was wonderful; yes, it was unaccountable--so all said +that heard it. The tide was beginning to turn, and Tom Canty's hopes to +run high, when the Lord Protector shook his head and said-- + +"It is true it is most wonderful--but it is no more than our lord the +King likewise can do." This remark, and this reference to himself as +still the King, saddened Tom Canty, and he felt his hopes crumbling from +under him. "These are not PROOFS," added the Protector. + +The tide was turning very fast now, very fast indeed--but in the wrong +direction; it was leaving poor Tom Canty stranded on the throne, and +sweeping the other out to sea. The Lord Protector communed with himself +--shook his head--the thought forced itself upon him, "It is perilous to +the State and to us all, to entertain so fateful a riddle as this; it +could divide the nation and undermine the throne." He turned and said-- + +"Sir Thomas, arrest this--No, hold!" His face lighted, and he confronted +the ragged candidate with this question-- + +"Where lieth the Great Seal? Answer me this truly, and the riddle is +unriddled; for only he that was Prince of Wales CAN so answer! On so +trivial a thing hang a throne and a dynasty!" + +It was a lucky thought, a happy thought. That it was so considered by +the great officials was manifested by the silent applause that shot from +eye to eye around their circle in the form of bright approving glances. +Yes, none but the true prince could dissolve the stubborn mystery of the +vanished Great Seal--this forlorn little impostor had been taught his +lesson well, but here his teachings must fail, for his teacher himself +could not answer THAT question--ah, very good, very good indeed; now we +shall be rid of this troublesome and perilous business in short order! +And so they nodded invisibly and smiled inwardly with satisfaction, and +looked to see this foolish lad stricken with a palsy of guilty confusion. +How surprised they were, then, to see nothing of the sort happen--how +they marvelled to hear him answer up promptly, in a confident and +untroubled voice, and say-- + +"There is nought in this riddle that is difficult." Then, without so +much as a by-your-leave to anybody, he turned and gave this command, with +the easy manner of one accustomed to doing such things: "My Lord St. +John, go you to my private cabinet in the palace--for none knoweth the +place better than you--and, close down to the floor, in the left corner +remotest from the door that opens from the ante-chamber, you shall find +in the wall a brazen nail-head; press upon it and a little jewel-closet +will fly open which not even you do know of--no, nor any soul else in +all the world but me and the trusty artisan that did contrive it for me. +The first thing that falleth under your eye will be the Great Seal--fetch +it hither." + +All the company wondered at this speech, and wondered still more to see +the little mendicant pick out this peer without hesitancy or apparent +fear of mistake, and call him by name with such a placidly convincing air +of having known him all his life. The peer was almost surprised into +obeying. He even made a movement as if to go, but quickly recovered his +tranquil attitude and confessed his blunder with a blush. Tom Canty +turned upon him and said, sharply-- + +"Why dost thou hesitate? Hast not heard the King's command? Go!" + +The Lord St. John made a deep obeisance--and it was observed that it was +a significantly cautious and non-committal one, it not being delivered at +either of the kings, but at the neutral ground about half-way between the +two--and took his leave. + +Now began a movement of the gorgeous particles of that official group +which was slow, scarcely perceptible, and yet steady and persistent--a +movement such as is observed in a kaleidoscope that is turned slowly, +whereby the components of one splendid cluster fall away and join +themselves to another--a movement which, little by little, in the present +case, dissolved the glittering crowd that stood about Tom Canty and +clustered it together again in the neighbourhood of the new-comer. Tom +Canty stood almost alone. Now ensued a brief season of deep suspense and +waiting--during which even the few faint hearts still remaining near Tom +Canty gradually scraped together courage enough to glide, one by one, +over to the majority. So at last Tom Canty, in his royal robes and +jewels, stood wholly alone and isolated from the world, a conspicuous +figure, occupying an eloquent vacancy. + +Now the Lord St. John was seen returning. As he advanced up the +mid-aisle the interest was so intense that the low murmur of conversation +in the great assemblage died out and was succeeded by a profound hush, a +breathless stillness, through which his footfalls pulsed with a dull and +distant sound. Every eye was fastened upon him as he moved along. He +reached the platform, paused a moment, then moved toward Tom Canty with a +deep obeisance, and said-- + +"Sire, the Seal is not there!" + +A mob does not melt away from the presence of a plague-patient with more +haste than the band of pallid and terrified courtiers melted away from +the presence of the shabby little claimant of the Crown. In a moment he +stood all alone, without friend or supporter, a target upon which was +concentrated a bitter fire of scornful and angry looks. The Lord +Protector called out fiercely-- + +"Cast the beggar into the street, and scourge him through the town--the +paltry knave is worth no more consideration!" + +Officers of the guard sprang forward to obey, but Tom Canty waved them +off and said-- + +"Back! Whoso touches him perils his life!" + +The Lord Protector was perplexed in the last degree. He said to the Lord +St. John-- + +"Searched you well?--but it boots not to ask that. It doth seem passing +strange. Little things, trifles, slip out of one's ken, and one does not +think it matter for surprise; but how so bulky a thing as the Seal of +England can vanish away and no man be able to get track of it again--a +massy golden disk--" + +Tom Canty, with beaming eyes, sprang forward and shouted-- + +"Hold, that is enough! Was it round?--and thick?--and had it letters and +devices graved upon it?--yes? Oh, NOW I know what this Great Seal is +that there's been such worry and pother about. An' ye had described it to +me, ye could have had it three weeks ago. Right well I know where it +lies; but it was not I that put it there--first." + +"Who, then, my liege?" asked the Lord Protector. + +"He that stands there--the rightful King of England. And he shall tell +you himself where it lies--then you will believe he knew it of his own +knowledge. Bethink thee, my King--spur thy memory--it was the last, the +very LAST thing thou didst that day before thou didst rush forth from the +palace, clothed in my rags, to punish the soldier that insulted me." + +A silence ensued, undisturbed by a movement or a whisper, and all eyes +were fixed upon the new-comer, who stood, with bent head and corrugated +brow, groping in his memory among a thronging multitude of valueless +recollections for one single little elusive fact, which, found, would +seat him upon a throne--unfound, would leave him as he was, for good and +all--a pauper and an outcast. Moment after moment passed--the moments +built themselves into minutes--still the boy struggled silently on, and +gave no sign. But at last he heaved a sigh, shook his head slowly, and +said, with a trembling lip and in a despondent voice-- + +"I call the scene back--all of it--but the Seal hath no place in it." He +paused, then looked up, and said with gentle dignity, "My lords and +gentlemen, if ye will rob your rightful sovereign of his own for lack of +this evidence which he is not able to furnish, I may not stay ye, being +powerless. But--" + +"Oh, folly, oh, madness, my King!" cried Tom Canty, in a panic, "wait! +--think! Do not give up!--the cause is not lost! Nor SHALL be, neither! +List to what I say--follow every word--I am going to bring that morning +back again, every hap just as it happened. We talked--I told you of my +sisters, Nan and Bet--ah, yes, you remember that; and about mine old +grandam--and the rough games of the lads of Offal Court--yes, you +remember these things also; very well, follow me still, you shall recall +everything. You gave me food and drink, and did with princely courtesy +send away the servants, so that my low breeding might not shame me before +them--ah, yes, this also you remember." + +As Tom checked off his details, and the other boy nodded his head in +recognition of them, the great audience and the officials stared in +puzzled wonderment; the tale sounded like true history, yet how could +this impossible conjunction between a prince and a beggar-boy have come +about? Never was a company of people so perplexed, so interested, and so +stupefied, before. + +"For a jest, my prince, we did exchange garments. Then we stood before a +mirror; and so alike were we that both said it seemed as if there had +been no change made--yes, you remember that. Then you noticed that the +soldier had hurt my hand--look! here it is, I cannot yet even write with +it, the fingers are so stiff. At this your Highness sprang up, vowing +vengeance upon that soldier, and ran towards the door--you passed a +table--that thing you call the Seal lay on that table--you snatched it up +and looked eagerly about, as if for a place to hide it--your eye caught +sight of--" + +"There, 'tis sufficient!--and the good God be thanked!" exclaimed the +ragged claimant, in a mighty excitement. "Go, my good St. John--in an +arm-piece of the Milanese armour that hangs on the wall, thou'lt find the +Seal!" + +"Right, my King! right!" cried Tom Canty; "NOW the sceptre of England is +thine own; and it were better for him that would dispute it that he had +been born dumb! Go, my Lord St. John, give thy feet wings!" + +The whole assemblage was on its feet now, and well-nigh out of its mind +with uneasiness, apprehension, and consuming excitement. On the floor +and on the platform a deafening buzz of frantic conversation burst forth, +and for some time nobody knew anything or heard anything or was +interested in anything but what his neighbour was shouting into his ear, +or he was shouting into his neighbour's ear. Time--nobody knew how much +of it--swept by unheeded and unnoted. At last a sudden hush fell upon +the house, and in the same moment St. John appeared upon the platform, +and held the Great Seal aloft in his hand. Then such a shout went up-- + +"Long live the true King!" + +For five minutes the air quaked with shouts and the crash of musical +instruments, and was white with a storm of waving handkerchiefs; and +through it all a ragged lad, the most conspicuous figure in England, +stood, flushed and happy and proud, in the centre of the spacious +platform, with the great vassals of the kingdom kneeling around him. + +Then all rose, and Tom Canty cried out-- + +"Now, O my King, take these regal garments back, and give poor Tom, thy +servant, his shreds and remnants again." + +The Lord Protector spoke up-- + +"Let the small varlet be stripped and flung into the Tower." + +But the new King, the true King, said-- + +"I will not have it so. But for him I had not got my crown again--none +shall lay a hand upon him to harm him. And as for thee, my good uncle, +my Lord Protector, this conduct of thine is not grateful toward this poor +lad, for I hear he hath made thee a duke"--the Protector blushed--"yet he +was not a king; wherefore what is thy fine title worth now? To-morrow +you shall sue to me, THROUGH HIM, for its confirmation, else no duke, but +a simple earl, shalt thou remain." + +Under this rebuke, his Grace the Duke of Somerset retired a little from +the front for the moment. The King turned to Tom, and said kindly--"My +poor boy, how was it that you could remember where I hid the Seal when I +could not remember it myself?" + +"Ah, my King, that was easy, since I used it divers days." + +"Used it--yet could not explain where it was?" + +"I did not know it was THAT they wanted. They did not describe it, your +Majesty." + +"Then how used you it?" + +The red blood began to steal up into Tom's cheeks, and he dropped his +eyes and was silent. + +"Speak up, good lad, and fear nothing," said the King. "How used you the +Great Seal of England?" + +Tom stammered a moment, in a pathetic confusion, then got it out-- + +"To crack nuts with!" + +Poor child, the avalanche of laughter that greeted this nearly swept him +off his feet. But if a doubt remained in any mind that Tom Canty was not +the King of England and familiar with the august appurtenances of +royalty, this reply disposed of it utterly. + +Meantime the sumptuous robe of state had been removed from Tom's +shoulders to the King's, whose rags were effectually hidden from sight +under it. Then the coronation ceremonies were resumed; the true King was +anointed and the crown set upon his head, whilst cannon thundered the +news to the city, and all London seemed to rock with applause. + + + +Chapter XXXIII. Edward as King. + +Miles Hendon was picturesque enough before he got into the riot on London +Bridge--he was more so when he got out of it. He had but little money +when he got in, none at all when he got out. The pickpockets had +stripped him of his last farthing. + +But no matter, so he found his boy. Being a soldier, he did not go at +his task in a random way, but set to work, first of all, to arrange his +campaign. + +What would the boy naturally do? Where would he naturally go? Well +--argued Miles--he would naturally go to his former haunts, for that is the +instinct of unsound minds, when homeless and forsaken, as well as of +sound ones. Whereabouts were his former haunts? His rags, taken +together with the low villain who seemed to know him and who even claimed +to be his father, indicated that his home was in one or another of the +poorest and meanest districts of London. Would the search for him be +difficult, or long? No, it was likely to be easy and brief. He would +not hunt for the boy, he would hunt for a crowd; in the centre of a big +crowd or a little one, sooner or later, he should find his poor little +friend, sure; and the mangy mob would be entertaining itself with +pestering and aggravating the boy, who would be proclaiming himself King, +as usual. Then Miles Hendon would cripple some of those people, and +carry off his little ward, and comfort and cheer him with loving words, +and the two would never be separated any more. + +So Miles started on his quest. Hour after hour he tramped through back +alleys and squalid streets, seeking groups and crowds, and finding no end +of them, but never any sign of the boy. This greatly surprised him, but +did not discourage him. To his notion, there was nothing the matter with +his plan of campaign; the only miscalculation about it was that the +campaign was becoming a lengthy one, whereas he had expected it to be +short. + +When daylight arrived, at last, he had made many a mile, and canvassed +many a crowd, but the only result was that he was tolerably tired, rather +hungry and very sleepy. He wanted some breakfast, but there was no way +to get it. To beg for it did not occur to him; as to pawning his sword, +he would as soon have thought of parting with his honour; he could spare +some of his clothes--yes, but one could as easily find a customer for a +disease as for such clothes. + +At noon he was still tramping--among the rabble which followed after the +royal procession, now; for he argued that this regal display would +attract his little lunatic powerfully. He followed the pageant through +all its devious windings about London, and all the way to Westminster and +the Abbey. He drifted here and there amongst the multitudes that were +massed in the vicinity for a weary long time, baffled and perplexed, and +finally wandered off, thinking, and trying to contrive some way to better +his plan of campaign. By-and-by, when he came to himself out of his +musings, he discovered that the town was far behind him and that the day +was growing old. He was near the river, and in the country; it was a +region of fine rural seats--not the sort of district to welcome clothes +like his. + +It was not at all cold; so he stretched himself on the ground in the lee +of a hedge to rest and think. Drowsiness presently began to settle upon +his senses; the faint and far-off boom of cannon was wafted to his ear, +and he said to himself, "The new King is crowned," and straightway fell +asleep. He had not slept or rested, before, for more than thirty hours. +He did not wake again until near the middle of the next morning. + +He got up, lame, stiff, and half famished, washed himself in the river, +stayed his stomach with a pint or two of water, and trudged off toward +Westminster, grumbling at himself for having wasted so much time. Hunger +helped him to a new plan, now; he would try to get speech with old Sir +Humphrey Marlow and borrow a few marks, and--but that was enough of a +plan for the present; it would be time enough to enlarge it when this +first stage should be accomplished. + +Toward eleven o'clock he approached the palace; and although a host of +showy people were about him, moving in the same direction, he was not +inconspicuous--his costume took care of that. He watched these people's +faces narrowly, hoping to find a charitable one whose possessor might be +willing to carry his name to the old lieutenant--as to trying to get into +the palace himself, that was simply out of the question. + +Presently our whipping-boy passed him, then wheeled about and scanned his +figure well, saying to himself, "An' that is not the very vagabond his +Majesty is in such a worry about, then am I an ass--though belike I was +that before. He answereth the description to a rag--that God should make +two such would be to cheapen miracles by wasteful repetition. I would I +could contrive an excuse to speak with him." + +Miles Hendon saved him the trouble; for he turned about, then, as a man +generally will when somebody mesmerises him by gazing hard at him from +behind; and observing a strong interest in the boy's eyes, he stepped +toward him and said-- + +"You have just come out from the palace; do you belong there?" + +"Yes, your worship." + +"Know you Sir Humphrey Marlow?" + +The boy started, and said to himself, "Lord! mine old departed father!" +Then he answered aloud, "Right well, your worship." + +"Good--is he within?" + +"Yes," said the boy; and added, to himself, "within his grave." + +"Might I crave your favour to carry my name to him, and say I beg to say +a word in his ear?" + +"I will despatch the business right willingly, fair sir." + +"Then say Miles Hendon, son of Sir Richard, is here without--I shall be +greatly bounden to you, my good lad." + +The boy looked disappointed. "The King did not name him so," he said to +himself; "but it mattereth not, this is his twin brother, and can give +his Majesty news of t'other Sir-Odds-and-Ends, I warrant." So he said to +Miles, "Step in there a moment, good sir, and wait till I bring you +word." + +Hendon retired to the place indicated--it was a recess sunk in the palace +wall, with a stone bench in it--a shelter for sentinels in bad weather. +He had hardly seated himself when some halberdiers, in charge of an +officer, passed by. The officer saw him, halted his men, and commanded +Hendon to come forth. He obeyed, and was promptly arrested as a +suspicious character prowling within the precincts of the palace. Things +began to look ugly. Poor Miles was going to explain, but the officer +roughly silenced him, and ordered his men to disarm him and search him. + +"God of his mercy grant that they find somewhat," said poor Miles; "I +have searched enow, and failed, yet is my need greater than theirs." + +Nothing was found but a document. The officer tore it open, and Hendon +smiled when he recognised the 'pot-hooks' made by his lost little friend +that black day at Hendon Hall. The officer's face grew dark as he read +the English paragraph, and Miles blenched to the opposite colour as he +listened. + +"Another new claimant of the Crown!" cried the officer. "Verily they +breed like rabbits, to-day. Seize the rascal, men, and see ye keep him +fast whilst I convey this precious paper within and send it to the King." + +He hurried away, leaving the prisoner in the grip of the halberdiers. + +"Now is my evil luck ended at last," muttered Hendon, "for I shall dangle +at a rope's end for a certainty, by reason of that bit of writing. And +what will become of my poor lad!--ah, only the good God knoweth." + +By-and-by he saw the officer coming again, in a great hurry; so he +plucked his courage together, purposing to meet his trouble as became a +man. The officer ordered the men to loose the prisoner and return his +sword to him; then bowed respectfully, and said-- + +"Please you, sir, to follow me." + +Hendon followed, saying to himself, "An' I were not travelling to death +and judgment, and so must needs economise in sin, I would throttle this +knave for his mock courtesy." + +The two traversed a populous court, and arrived at the grand entrance of +the palace, where the officer, with another bow, delivered Hendon into +the hands of a gorgeous official, who received him with profound respect +and led him forward through a great hall, lined on both sides with rows +of splendid flunkeys (who made reverential obeisance as the two passed +along, but fell into death-throes of silent laughter at our stately +scarecrow the moment his back was turned), and up a broad staircase, +among flocks of fine folk, and finally conducted him into a vast room, +clove a passage for him through the assembled nobility of England, then +made a bow, reminded him to take his hat off, and left him standing in +the middle of the room, a mark for all eyes, for plenty of indignant +frowns, and for a sufficiency of amused and derisive smiles. + +Miles Hendon was entirely bewildered. There sat the young King, under a +canopy of state, five steps away, with his head bent down and aside, +speaking with a sort of human bird of paradise--a duke, maybe. Hendon +observed to himself that it was hard enough to be sentenced to death in +the full vigour of life, without having this peculiarly public +humiliation added. He wished the King would hurry about it--some of the +gaudy people near by were becoming pretty offensive. At this moment the +King raised his head slightly, and Hendon caught a good view of his face. +The sight nearly took his breath away!--He stood gazing at the fair young +face like one transfixed; then presently ejaculated-- + +"Lo, the Lord of the Kingdom of Dreams and Shadows on his throne!" + +He muttered some broken sentences, still gazing and marvelling; then +turned his eyes around and about, scanning the gorgeous throng and the +splendid saloon, murmuring, "But these are REAL--verily these are REAL +--surely it is not a dream." + +He stared at the King again--and thought, "IS it a dream . . . or IS he +the veritable Sovereign of England, and not the friendless poor Tom o' +Bedlam I took him for--who shall solve me this riddle?" + +A sudden idea flashed in his eye, and he strode to the wall, gathered up +a chair, brought it back, planted it on the floor, and sat down in it! + +A buzz of indignation broke out, a rough hand was laid upon him and a +voice exclaimed-- + +"Up, thou mannerless clown! would'st sit in the presence of the King?" + +The disturbance attracted his Majesty's attention, who stretched forth +his hand and cried out-- + +"Touch him not, it is his right!" + +The throng fell back, stupefied. The King went on-- + +"Learn ye all, ladies, lords, and gentlemen, that this is my trusty and +well-beloved servant, Miles Hendon, who interposed his good sword and +saved his prince from bodily harm and possible death--and for this he is +a knight, by the King's voice. Also learn, that for a higher service, in +that he saved his sovereign stripes and shame, taking these upon himself, +he is a peer of England, Earl of Kent, and shall have gold and lands meet +for the dignity. More--the privilege which he hath just exercised is his +by royal grant; for we have ordained that the chiefs of his line shall +have and hold the right to sit in the presence of the Majesty of England +henceforth, age after age, so long as the crown shall endure. Molest him +not." + +Two persons, who, through delay, had only arrived from the country during +this morning, and had now been in this room only five minutes, stood +listening to these words and looking at the King, then at the scarecrow, +then at the King again, in a sort of torpid bewilderment. These were Sir +Hugh and the Lady Edith. But the new Earl did not see them. He was +still staring at the monarch, in a dazed way, and muttering-- + +"Oh, body o' me! THIS my pauper! This my lunatic! This is he whom _I_ +would show what grandeur was, in my house of seventy rooms and +seven-and-twenty servants! This is he who had never known aught but rags +for raiment, kicks for comfort, and offal for diet! This is he whom _I_ +adopted and would make respectable! Would God I had a bag to hide my head +in!" + +Then his manners suddenly came back to him, and he dropped upon his +knees, with his hands between the King's, and swore allegiance and did +homage for his lands and titles. Then he rose and stood respectfully +aside, a mark still for all eyes--and much envy, too. + +Now the King discovered Sir Hugh, and spoke out with wrathful voice and +kindling eye-- + +"Strip this robber of his false show and stolen estates, and put him +under lock and key till I have need of him." + +The late Sir Hugh was led away. + +There was a stir at the other end of the room, now; the assemblage fell +apart, and Tom Canty, quaintly but richly clothed, marched down, between +these living walls, preceded by an usher. He knelt before the King, who +said-- + +"I have learned the story of these past few weeks, and am well pleased +with thee. Thou hast governed the realm with right royal gentleness and +mercy. Thou hast found thy mother and thy sisters again? Good; they +shall be cared for--and thy father shall hang, if thou desire it and the +law consent. Know, all ye that hear my voice, that from this day, they +that abide in the shelter of Christ's Hospital and share the King's +bounty shall have their minds and hearts fed, as well as their baser +parts; and this boy shall dwell there, and hold the chief place in its +honourable body of governors, during life. And for that he hath been a +king, it is meet that other than common observance shall be his due; +wherefore note this his dress of state, for by it he shall be known, and +none shall copy it; and wheresoever he shall come, it shall remind the +people that he hath been royal, in his time, and none shall deny him his +due of reverence or fail to give him salutation. He hath the throne's +protection, he hath the crown's support, he shall be known and called by +the honourable title of the King's Ward." + +The proud and happy Tom Canty rose and kissed the King's hand, and was +conducted from the presence. He did not waste any time, but flew to his +mother, to tell her and Nan and Bet all about it and get them to help him +enjoy the great news. {1} + + + +Conclusion. Justice and retribution. + +When the mysteries were all cleared up, it came out, by confession of +Hugh Hendon, that his wife had repudiated Miles by his command, that day +at Hendon Hall--a command assisted and supported by the perfectly +trustworthy promise that if she did not deny that he was Miles Hendon, +and stand firmly to it, he would have her life; whereupon she said, "Take +it!"--she did not value it--and she would not repudiate Miles; then the +husband said he would spare her life but have Miles assassinated! This +was a different matter; so she gave her word and kept it. + +Hugh was not prosecuted for his threats or for stealing his brother's +estates and title, because the wife and brother would not testify against +him--and the former would not have been allowed to do it, even if she had +wanted to. Hugh deserted his wife and went over to the continent, where +he presently died; and by-and-by the Earl of Kent married his relict. +There were grand times and rejoicings at Hendon village when the couple +paid their first visit to the Hall. + +Tom Canty's father was never heard of again. + +The King sought out the farmer who had been branded and sold as a slave, +and reclaimed him from his evil life with the Ruffler's gang, and put him +in the way of a comfortable livelihood. + +He also took that old lawyer out of prison and remitted his fine. He +provided good homes for the daughters of the two Baptist women whom he +saw burned at the stake, and roundly punished the official who laid the +undeserved stripes upon Miles Hendon's back. + +He saved from the gallows the boy who had captured the stray falcon, and +also the woman who had stolen a remnant of cloth from a weaver; but he +was too late to save the man who had been convicted of killing a deer in +the royal forest. + +He showed favour to the justice who had pitied him when he was supposed +to have stolen a pig, and he had the gratification of seeing him grow in +the public esteem and become a great and honoured man. + +As long as the King lived he was fond of telling the story of his +adventures, all through, from the hour that the sentinel cuffed him away +from the palace gate till the final midnight when he deftly mixed himself +into a gang of hurrying workmen and so slipped into the Abbey and climbed +up and hid himself in the Confessor's tomb, and then slept so long, next +day, that he came within one of missing the Coronation altogether. He +said that the frequent rehearsing of the precious lesson kept him strong +in his purpose to make its teachings yield benefits to his people; and +so, whilst his life was spared he should continue to tell the story, and +thus keep its sorrowful spectacles fresh in his memory and the springs of +pity replenished in his heart. + +Miles Hendon and Tom Canty were favourites of the King, all through his +brief reign, and his sincere mourners when he died. The good Earl of Kent +had too much sense to abuse his peculiar privilege; but he exercised it +twice after the instance we have seen of it before he was called from +this world--once at the accession of Queen Mary, and once at the +accession of Queen Elizabeth. A descendant of his exercised it at the +accession of James I. Before this one's son chose to use the privilege, +near a quarter of a century had elapsed, and the 'privilege of the Kents' +had faded out of most people's memories; so, when the Kent of that day +appeared before Charles I. and his court and sat down in the sovereign's +presence to assert and perpetuate the right of his house, there was a +fine stir indeed! But the matter was soon explained, and the right +confirmed. The last Earl of the line fell in the wars of the +Commonwealth fighting for the King, and the odd privilege ended with him. + +Tom Canty lived to be a very old man, a handsome, white-haired old +fellow, of grave and benignant aspect. As long as he lasted he was +honoured; and he was also reverenced, for his striking and peculiar +costume kept the people reminded that 'in his time he had been royal;' +so, wherever he appeared the crowd fell apart, making way for him, and +whispering, one to another, "Doff thy hat, it is the King's Ward!"--and +so they saluted, and got his kindly smile in return--and they valued it, +too, for his was an honourable history. + +Yes, King Edward VI. lived only a few years, poor boy, but he lived them +worthily. More than once, when some great dignitary, some gilded vassal +of the crown, made argument against his leniency, and urged that some law +which he was bent upon amending was gentle enough for its purpose, and +wrought no suffering or oppression which any one need mightily mind, the +young King turned the mournful eloquence of his great compassionate eyes +upon him and answered-- + +"What dost THOU know of suffering and oppression? I and my people know, +but not thou." + +The reign of Edward VI. was a singularly merciful one for those harsh +times. Now that we are taking leave of him, let us try to keep this in +our minds, to his credit. + + + + +FOOTNOTES AND TWAIN'S NOTES + +{1} For Mark Twain's note see below under the relevant chapter heading. + +{2} He refers to the order of baronets, or baronettes; the barones +minores, as distinct from the parliamentary barons--not, it need hardly +be said, to the baronets of later creation. + +{3} The lords of Kingsale, descendants of De Courcy, still enjoy this +curious privilege. + +{4} Hume. + +{5} Ib. + +{6} Leigh Hunt's 'The Town,' p.408, quotation from an early tourist. + +{7} Canting terms for various kinds of thieves, beggars and vagabonds, +and their female companions. + +{8} From 'The English Rogue.' London, 1665. + +{9} Hume's England. + +{10} See Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, True and False, p. 11. + + + +NOTE 1, Chapter IV. Christ's Hospital Costume. + +It is most reasonable to regard the dress as copied from the costume of +the citizens of London of that period, when long blue coats were the +common habit of apprentices and serving-men, and yellow stockings were +generally worn; the coat fits closely to the body, but has loose sleeves, +and beneath is worn a sleeveless yellow under-coat; around the waist is a +red leathern girdle; a clerical band around the neck, and a small flat +black cap, about the size of a saucer, completes the costume.--Timbs' +Curiosities of London. + + + +NOTE 2, Chapter IV. + +It appears that Christ's Hospital was not originally founded as a SCHOOL; +its object was to rescue children from the streets, to shelter, feed, +clothe them.--Timbs' Curiosities of London. + + + +NOTE 3, Chapter V. The Duke of Norfolk's Condemnation commanded. + +The King was now approaching fast towards his end; and fearing lest +Norfolk should escape him, he sent a message to the Commons, by which he +desired them to hasten the Bill, on pretence that Norfolk enjoyed the +dignity of Earl Marshal, and it was necessary to appoint another, who +might officiate at the ensuing ceremony of installing his son Prince of +Wales.--Hume's History of England, vol. iii. p. 307. + + + +NOTE 4, Chapter VII. + +It was not till the end of this reign (Henry VIII.) that any salads, +carrots, turnips, or other edible roots were produced in England. The +little of these vegetables that was used was formerly imported from +Holland and Flanders. Queen Catherine, when she wanted a salad, was +obliged to despatch a messenger thither on purpose.--Hume's History of +England, vol. iii. p. 314. + + + +NOTE 5, Chapter VIII. Attainder of Norfolk. + +The House of Peers, without examining the prisoner, without trial or +evidence, passed a Bill of Attainder against him and sent it down to the +Commons . . . The obsequious Commons obeyed his (the King's) directions; +and the King, having affixed the Royal assent to the Bill by +commissioners, issued orders for the execution of Norfolk on the morning +of January 29 (the next day).--Hume's History of England, vol iii. p 306. + + + +NOTE 6, Chapter X. The Loving-cup. + +The loving-cup, and the peculiar ceremonies observed in drinking from it, +are older than English history. It is thought that both are Danish +importations. As far back as knowledge goes, the loving-cup has always +been drunk at English banquets. Tradition explains the ceremonies in +this way. In the rude ancient times it was deemed a wise precaution to +have both hands of both drinkers employed, lest while the pledger pledged +his love and fidelity to the pledgee, the pledgee take that opportunity +to slip a dirk into him! + + + +NOTE 7, Chapter XI. The Duke of Norfolk's narrow Escape. + +Had Henry VIII. survived a few hours longer, his order for the duke's +execution would have been carried into effect. 'But news being carried to +the Tower that the King himself had expired that night, the lieutenant +deferred obeying the warrant; and it was not thought advisable by the +Council to begin a new reign by the death of the greatest nobleman in the +kingdom, who had been condemned by a sentence so unjust and tyrannical.' +--Hume's History of England, vol. iii, p. 307. + + + +NOTE 8, Chapter XIV. The Whipping-boy. + +James I. and Charles II. had whipping-boys, when they were little +fellows, to take their punishment for them when they fell short in their +lessons; so I have ventured to furnish my small prince with one, for my +own purposes. + + + +NOTES to Chapter XV. + +Character of Hertford. + +The young King discovered an extreme attachment to his uncle, who was, in +the main, a man of moderation and probity.--Hume's History of England, +vol. iii, p324. + +But if he (the Protector) gave offence by assuming too much state, he +deserves great praise on account of the laws passed this session, by +which the rigour of former statutes was much mitigated, and some security +given to the freedom of the constitution. All laws were repealed which +extended the crime of treason beyond the statute of the twenty-fifth of +Edward III.; all laws enacted during the late reign extending the crime +of felony; all the former laws against Lollardy or heresy, together with +the statute of the Six Articles. None were to be accused for words, but +within a month after they were spoken. By these repeals several of the +most rigorous laws that ever had passed in England were annulled; and +some dawn, both of civil and religious liberty, began to appear to the +people. A repeal also passed of that law, the destruction of all laws, +by which the King's proclamation was made of equal force with a statute. +--Ibid. vol. iii. p. 339. + + + +Boiling to Death. + +In the reign of Henry VIII. poisoners were, by Act of Parliament, +condemned to be BOILED TO DEATH. This Act was repealed in the following +reign. + +In Germany, even in the seventeenth century, this horrible punishment was +inflicted on coiners and counterfeiters. Taylor, the Water Poet, +describes an execution he witnessed in Hamburg in 1616. The judgment +pronounced against a coiner of false money was that he should 'BE BOILED +TO DEATH IN OIL; not thrown into the vessel at once, but with a pulley or +rope to be hanged under the armpits, and then let down into the oil BY +DEGREES; first the feet, and next the legs, and so to boil his flesh from +his bones alive.'--Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, True and False, +p. 13. + + + +The Famous Stocking Case. + +A woman and her daughter, NINE YEARS OLD, were hanged in Huntingdon for +selling their souls to the devil, and raising a storm by pulling off +their stockings!--Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, True and False, p. +20. + + + +NOTE 10, Chapter XVII. Enslaving. + +So young a King and so ignorant a peasant were likely to make mistakes; +and this is an instance in point. This peasant was suffering from this +law BY ANTICIPATION; the King was venting his indignation against a law +which was not yet in existence; for this hideous statute was to have +birth in this little King's OWN REIGN. However, we know, from the +humanity of his character, that it could never have been suggested by +him. + + + +NOTES to Chapter XXIII. Death for Trifling Larcenies. + +When Connecticut and New Haven were framing their first codes, larceny +above the value of twelve pence was a capital crime in England--as it had +been since the time of Henry I.--Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's Blue Laws, +True and False, p. 17. + +The curious old book called The English Rogue makes the limit thirteen +pence ha'penny: death being the portion of any who steal a thing 'above +the value of thirteen pence ha'penny.' + + + +NOTES to Chapter XXVII. + +From many descriptions of larceny the law expressly took away the benefit +of clergy: to steal a horse, or a HAWK, or woollen cloth from the +weaver, was a hanging matter. So it was to kill a deer from the King's +forest, or to export sheep from the kingdom.--Dr. J. Hammond Trumbull's +Blue Laws, True and False, p.13. + +William Prynne, a learned barrister, was sentenced (long after Edward +VI.'s time) to lose both his ears in the pillory, to degradation from the +bar, a fine of 3,000 pounds, and imprisonment for life. Three years +afterwards he gave new offence to Laud by publishing a pamphlet against +the hierarchy. He was again prosecuted, and was sentenced to lose WHAT +REMAINED OF HIS EARS, to pay a fine of 5,000 pounds, to be BRANDED ON +BOTH HIS CHEEKS with the letters S. L. (for Seditious Libeller), and to +remain in prison for life. The severity of this sentence was equalled by +the savage rigour of its execution.--Ibid. p. 12. + + + +NOTES to Chapter XXXIII. + +Christ's Hospital, or Bluecoat School, 'the noblest institution in the +world.' + +The ground on which the Priory of the Grey Friars stood was conferred by +Henry VIII. on the Corporation of London (who caused the institution +there of a home for poor boys and girls). Subsequently, Edward VI. caused +the old Priory to be properly repaired, and founded within it that noble +establishment called the Bluecoat School, or Christ's Hospital, for the +EDUCATION and maintenance of orphans and the children of indigent persons +. . . Edward would not let him (Bishop Ridley) depart till the letter was +written (to the Lord Mayor), and then charged him to deliver it himself, +and signify his special request and commandment that no time might be +lost in proposing what was convenient, and apprising him of the +proceedings. The work was zealously undertaken, Ridley himself engaging +in it; and the result was the founding of Christ's Hospital for the +education of poor children. (The King endowed several other charities at +the same time.) "Lord God," said he, "I yield Thee most hearty thanks +that Thou hast given me life thus long to finish this work to the glory +of Thy name!" That innocent and most exemplary life was drawing rapidly +to its close, and in a few days he rendered up his spirit to his Creator, +praying God to defend the realm from Papistry.--J. Heneage Jesse's +London: its Celebrated Characters and Places. + +In the Great Hall hangs a large picture of King Edward VI. seated on his +throne, in a scarlet and ermined robe, holding the sceptre in his left +hand, and presenting with the other the Charter to the kneeling Lord +Mayor. By his side stands the Chancellor, holding the seals, and next to +him are other officers of state. Bishop Ridley kneels before him with +uplifted hands, as if supplicating a blessing on the event; whilst the +Aldermen, etc., with the Lord Mayor, kneel on both sides, occupying the +middle ground of the picture; and lastly, in front, are a double row of +boys on one side and girls on the other, from the master and matron down +to the boy and girl who have stepped forward from their respective rows, +and kneel with raised hands before the King.--Timbs' Curiosities of +London, p. 98. + +Christ's Hospital, by ancient custom, possesses the privilege of +addressing the Sovereign on the occasion of his or her coming into the +City to partake of the hospitality of the Corporation of London.--Ibid. + +The Dining Hall, with its lobby and organ-gallery, occupies the entire +storey, which is 187 feet long, 51 feet wide, and 47 feet high; it is lit +by nine large windows, filled with stained glass on the south side; and +is, next to Westminster Hall, the noblest room in the metropolis. Here +the boys, now about 800 in number, dine; and here are held the 'Suppings +in Public,' to which visitors are admitted by tickets issued by the +Treasurer and by the Governors of Christ's Hospital. The tables are laid +with cheese in wooden bowls, beer in wooden piggins, poured from leathern +jacks, and bread brought in large baskets. The official company enter; +the Lord Mayor, or President, takes his seat in a state chair made of oak +from St. Catherine's Church, by the Tower; a hymn is sung, accompanied by +the organ; a 'Grecian,' or head boy, reads the prayers from the pulpit, +silence being enforced by three drops of a wooden hammer. After prayer +the supper commences, and the visitors walk between the tables. At its +close the 'trade-boys' take up the baskets, bowls, jacks, piggins, and +candlesticks, and pass in procession, the bowing to the Governors being +curiously formal. This spectacle was witnessed by Queen Victoria and +Prince Albert in 1845. + +Among the more eminent Bluecoat boys are Joshua Barnes, editor of +Anacreon and Euripides; Jeremiah Markland, the eminent critic, +particularly in Greek Literature; Camden, the antiquary; Bishop +Stillingfleet; Samuel Richardson, the novelist; Thomas Mitchell, the +translator of Aristophanes; Thomas Barnes, many years editor of the +London Times; Coleridge, Charles Lamb, and Leigh Hunt. + +No boy is admitted before he is seven years old, or after he is nine; and +no boy can remain in the school after he is fifteen, King's boys and +'Grecians' alone excepted. There are about 500 Governors, at the head of +whom are the Sovereign and the Prince of Wales. The qualification for a +Governor is payment of 500 pounds.--Ibid. + + +GENERAL NOTE. + + +One hears much about the 'hideous Blue Laws of Connecticut,' and is +accustomed to shudder piously when they are mentioned. There are people +in America--and even in England!--who imagine that they were a very +monument of malignity, pitilessness, and inhumanity; whereas in reality +they were about the first SWEEPING DEPARTURE FROM JUDICIAL ATROCITY which +the 'civilised' world had seen. This humane and kindly Blue Law Code, of +two hundred and forty years ago, stands all by itself, with ages of +bloody law on the further side of it, and a century and three-quarters of +bloody English law on THIS side of it. + +There has never been a time--under the Blue Laws or any other--when above +FOURTEEN crimes were punishable by death in Connecticut. But in England, +within the memory of men who are still hale in body and mind, TWO HUNDRED +AND TWENTY-THREE crimes were punishable by death! {10} These facts are +worth knowing--and worth thinking about, too. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Prince and The Pauper, Part 9. +by Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PRINCE AND THE PAUPER, PART 9. *** + +***** This file should be named 7162.txt or 7162.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/7/1/6/7162/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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