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+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #68201 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/68201)
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-The Project Gutenberg eBook of Indian Legends from the land of
-Al-ay-ek-sa, by Harriet Rossiter
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
-will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
-using this eBook.
-
-Title: Indian Legends from the land of Al-ay-ek-sa
-
-Authors: Harriet Rossiter
-         E. C. Howard
-
-Release Date: May 29, 2022 [eBook #68201]
-
-Language: English
-
-Produced by: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading
-             Team at https://www.pgdp.net/ for Project Gutenberg. (This
-             file was produced from images generously made available by
-             The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
-
-*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDIAN LEGENDS FROM THE LAND
-OF AL-AY-EK-SA ***
-
-
-
-
-
-                             INDIAN LEGENDS
-                      From the Land of AL-AY-EK-SA
-
-
-                              Published by
-                     HARRIET ROSSITER—E. C. HOWARD
-                         Copywrited, July 1925
-                           Ketchikan, Alaska
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-                          Al-ay-ek-sa, where once the Red Men bold
-                          Roamed the forests and fished in the streams,
-                          And around their campfires told and retold
-                          Strange legends a thousand years old.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-INDIAN LEGENDS
-
-FROM THE LAND OF AL-AY-EK-SA
-
-
-“Many, many moons ago, long before the Pale Faces invaded the land
-which the Indians called Al-ay-ek-sa (Alaska, “Big Country”), the Great
-Spirit caused the waters to rise and blot out all the land, even to the
-tops of the highest mountains.”
-
-So runs an ancient Indian legend.
-
-“At that time there was a mighty roaring like the pounding of the waves
-upon a rocky shore, and suddenly death and destruction were upon the
-people. Some of the terror-stricken natives fled to the mountains, but
-the water overtook them and they were drowned. Only a very few escaped
-in their canoes. These drifted around until the water went down and
-their canoes grated and came to rest on dry land. There they settled
-and built their lodges and continued to follow the customs of their
-people.
-
-“This is how blood relations became so widely separated. So a stranger
-in an Indian village may enter any lodge before which stands a totem
-surmounted by the crest of his family. He is given food and shelter and
-may take freely that which he needs.
-
-“In the days when slaves were as plentiful as the salmon berries that
-grow by the running water an Indian chief would free all his prisoners
-whose crest was the crest of his clan, even if their tongue was unknown
-to him and sounded hostile in his ears.
-
-“But a member of the Raven clan may not marry a raven or an eagle an
-eagle. They belong to the same family and are forbidden to marry.”
-
-
-
-In that long ago time when every Indian village had its honored Story
-Teller, this and many other tales were told around the campfire while
-the smoke curled upward and the moon crept over the mountain. The old
-men grunted assent and the young men kept silent, listening. For upon
-them must fall the task of handing down the legends and customs of
-their people.
-
-But since the coming of the white man these Story Tellers are passing
-away. Only a few remain and they are very old. The youths and maidens
-listen not to the tales of their ancestors, and soon there shall be no
-one to keep alive the traditions of their people who journeyed long ago
-to the cold land of the North.
-
-So we have set down some of the legends told by the Red Men to their
-children in the Land of the Midnight Sun, where sometimes in the
-heavens are seen long, gorgeous-hued fingers of light flashing here and
-there—“Spirits of departed warriors returned to dance once more their
-war dances.”
-
-Would you know the legend of the Sun, Moon, Star and Rainbow Houses?
-Then read the tale as it was told by one of the last great Indian Story
-Tellers.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-THE GIFT OF “TSOW”
-
-
-Farther back than the memory of the oldest Red Man there once lived an
-old woman named Cowoh. She was very proud for she was the daughter of a
-great chief. She had three sons and one daughter. They lived in the
-village of Naha, which was built along one side of a creek. On the
-other side, the length of twenty canoes away, was the village of
-Tee-hi-ton (Cedar Bark).
-
-Now in the time of falling leaves, as was their custom, the three sons
-went up on the mountain to hunt groundhogs. Each of the young men had
-his own lodge and a fine hunting ground in the valley. They set their
-traps and three days later the two younger brothers found their traps
-full, but those of the eldest brother, Koot-da-nah, were empty. This
-continued for as many days as there are fingers on both hands.
-
-Then the hearts of the two young men were heavy and in sorrow for their
-brother they proposed that they should give up hunting groundhogs and
-hunt beavers instead.
-
-So the next morning they went down to a nearby lake where the beavers
-had made a big dam with a great tree to keep it from breaking.
-
-Koot-da-nah said, “I shall knock down the tree and you boys stand ready
-to club the animals when the water breaks and forces them out.”
-
-His brothers were fearful and warned him to be careful, but as the tree
-fell Koot-da-nah caught his foot in its roots and, pitching forward
-into the lake, was drowned.
-
-Atch-koog-tdoo-cha shook-ka (he-who-swims-like-a-fish) found the body
-face downward on the bottom of the lake. Sorrowfully the brothers
-carried it to their lodge.
-
-Then Too-ke-tni-ka (the-fearless-one) said, “Some evil has fallen upon
-my brother’s family in his absence and caused his death. I shall go
-down to the village and find out what has happened.”
-
-So that night Too-ke-tni-ka stole down to the village and, unseen,
-crept into his mother’s house.
-
-When Cowoh heard that her eldest son was drowned, she was full of
-trouble and said, “Koshu, son of Chief Yee-khoo, from the village of
-Tee-hi-ton has looked with evil eyes upon the wife of Koot-da-nah while
-he has been absent and has visited her every night.”
-
-Then Too-ke-tni-ka said, “I shall kill this man. Do not tell anyone I
-am here. I shall hide in the forest and tomorrow I shall come limping
-into the village as if my leg were broken. I shall lie down beside the
-fire. Tell everyone I am suffering so they will go to bed early.”
-
-The next day when the shadows lay short on the grass Too-ke-tni-ka
-appeared in the village with his leg bound about with the bark of the
-cedar tree and went to his mother’s lodge.
-
-That night, when everyone was asleep, he wrapped himself in his blanket
-and waited with his eyes fixed on the door of the lodge.
-
-Long after darkness like a black curtain had settled down over the
-village Too-ke-tni-ka crouched by the dying coals and his eyes were red
-in the darkness and his ears were like the ears of the deer in the
-forest.
-
-At last there was a faint sound like the far-off cry of the night hawk
-in the woods. The door of the lodge was pushed open and a dark shadow
-stole across and entered the room of Kah-ook-too-ni, the Beautiful One.
-
-Too-ke-tni-ka’s heart beat fast with anger. He listened long and then
-rose and crept noiselessly into the room of his brother’s wife. By the
-light of his beechwood stick he saw that indeed it was the chief’s son
-who lay sleeping by the side of Kah-ook-too-ni. Then he drew his
-hunting knife and cut off the head of the wicked one and taking it with
-him sped like the wind through the sleeping-village to the hunting
-lodge in the mountains where his brother awaited him.
-
-Now Kah-ook-too-ni was awakened by the trickling of the warm blood
-across her hand. When she saw what had happened she was afraid. Knowing
-that when the chief’s son did not come home there would be a great
-outcry and searching parties would be sent out, she rose and in great
-haste dug a grave beneath the bed and buried the body.
-
-Meanwhile, after Too-ke-tni-ka had told his brother all that had
-happened, the two young men went down to the village and placed the
-head of the chief’s son over the door of their lodge facing inside.
-
-In the village of Tee-hi-ton there was much loud talking and angry
-looks directed toward Naha when the tidings spread that Koshu, the son
-of their chief, was missing. Searching parties were sent out, but as
-the waves wash out footsteps in the sand, so had disappeared Koshu, the
-fleet-footed.
-
-Then Chief Yee-khoo called a council of his people. It was decided that
-Wook-ya-koots (he-of-the-sharp-eyes) should be sent to Naha to get a
-fire and see if he could discover what had become of Koshu.
-
-Wook-ya-koots walked boldly across the frozen creek and entered the
-lodge of Too-ke-tni-ka. As he bent over the fire to light his stick, he
-looked stealthily around but saw nothing. But as he paused by the door
-on his way out he felt the drip, drip of something on his feet. He went
-outside, and, stooping, touched it with his finger.
-
-It was blood!
-
-Pretending to stumble, he put out his fire and again returned to the
-lodge. As he bent over the coals with his hair falling over his eyes,
-he looked and saw the head of the chief’s son over the door.
-
-Then he made great haste back to his village and told what he had seen.
-Chief Yee-khoo called all his braves together. They put on their war
-paint and brandishing their war clubs, rushed across the creek and fell
-upon the village, killing everyone in it and setting fire to their
-lodges.
-
-Only Cowoh and her daughter, who had hid under their lodge, were saved.
-When at last the wild chant of the savage war dance of their enemies
-ceased, they stole like black shadows through the forest to the lodge
-in the mountains.
-
-But after a time Cowoh’s heart was troubled.
-
-“Who now will marry my daughter?” she asked herself. “There is no man
-of my people left for her to wed.”
-
-One day as she walked in the forest with her daughter, At-ku-dakt
-(modest-little-one) she cried aloud, “Who now will marry my daughter?”
-
-At once a little red bird came flying down and said: “I will marry your
-daughter.”
-
-But Cowoh heeded him not.
-
-Then a squirrel ran down from a tree, a rabbit came out of the woods, a
-deer paused in his flight, and each in turn said, “I will marry your
-daughter.”
-
-But Cowoh would have none of them.
-
-Then Hoots, the great brown bear, came and said, “I can pull up huge
-trees by the roots. I can tear a man’s head and body apart. I shall
-marry your daughter.”
-
-At-ku-dakh was terrified and hid behind her mother. Then the earth
-began to tremble and the lightning flashed, and in the midst of it
-appeared a handsome youth who said, “I shall marry your daughter and
-take her up to my father, the Almighty One. You, Cowoh, I shall take
-under one arm and At-ku-dakh under the other. Look not out or evil may
-come upon you.”
-
-Cowoh heeded not the warning. When they were passing a cloud she heard
-a sound like the roaring of a waterfall and stuck out her head.
-
-As quickly as thunder follows the lightning, they found themselves
-again upon the earth. The stranger was angry, and, pulling out one of
-the branches of a tree, put Cowoh in the hole, saying, “Here you shall
-stay as long as the world shall last. People shall always hear you
-crying in the wind.”
-
-
-
-Taking the young girl, the youth flew up to heaven where the Almighty
-One welcomed her as his son’s wife.
-
-When the first son was born, the grandfather, the Great Spirit,
-baptized him with water so he would have magic power. Then he put his
-feet on the feet of the child. Immediately the baby grew and grew until
-he was tall and straight like a young pine tree that grows on the
-hillside. He named the child Left-Handed.
-
-Four boys and two girls were born and in the same way the grandfather
-endowed them each with magic power. He taught the boys how to use the
-spear and bow and arrow and the girls how to nurse the sick. He taught
-Left-Handed how to stick gamble until his skill was so great that none
-could equal him.
-
-Then the grandfather built in the heavens a Sun House which he gave to
-Left-Handed. He built a Star House for the second boy. For the third
-boy he built a Rainbow House and for the fourth boy a Sky House. Each
-house had a round door. Within were blankets and food and rich robes of
-fur.
-
-Calling his four grandsons to him the Almighty One gave them a small
-box “tsow” saying, “The time shall come when you will have to fight the
-wicked, worldly people of the earth. Then take this box, open one end
-of it and they will at once become as the dry leaves in autumn when the
-wind crumbles them into dust.”
-
-The Almighty One took the Sun House with the eldest boy and his sister
-and dropped it upon the earth in the center of the deserted village of
-Naha. Then he took the Moon, Star and Rainbow Houses and dropped them
-down beside the Sun House.
-
-In Tee-hi-ton the people heard a loud noise like a clap of thunder.
-This they heard as many times as there are fingers on one hand.
-
-The young people began to jeer, but the elders made them keep silent.
-“It is nothing,” they said. “It is only Skanson the thunder bird
-singing his war song.” So they wrapped themselves in their blankets and
-went to sleep.
-
-The next morning a thick fog hung over the creek so they could not see
-the length of their canoe in front of them. But when the mist lifted
-they shouted in amazement, for there among the ruins of the deserted
-village were four houses, painted with strange figures such as they had
-never seen before.
-
-As they watched they saw young men and maidens going in and out of the
-houses. Then they crowded together, asking each other fearfully, “Are
-these the spirits of our enemies returned to punish us?”
-
-After many days Wook-ya-koots, the keen-eyed, said, “I, Wook-ya-koots,
-shall go alone to Naha to speak with the strangers and learn from
-whence comes these lodges which glimmer in the dusk like the water when
-we paddle idly along in the moonlight.”
-
-The people waited eagerly for Wook-ya-koots’ return, but the sun was
-high overhead before he appeared. Showing them a piece of meat he said,
-“Look, this is real meat. The strangers are not spirits. They gave me
-dried fish, the meat of the mountain sheep and berries to eat. They are
-lonely and invite you to a great feast tonight.”
-
-
-
-The feast lasted until the moon hid her face and the stars began to
-fade from the sky. The next night Chief Yee-khoo and his braves came
-again and for many nights after.
-
-Then Left-Handed said, “Are there any stick gamblers among you?
-Tomorrow you shall teach me how to stick gamble.”
-
-The sun was slipping down behind the mountains when Chief Yee-khoo and
-his people arrived, for in those days the salmon might leap in the
-streams and the beavers build their dams unheeded while the Red Men
-gambled away their blankets and food and even their canoes.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-THE GAMBLE STICK GAME
-
-
-A great fire chased away the black shadows of night as the Red Men
-began the gamble stick chant. First low, then louder and faster, while
-they beat on drums made of logs.
-
-There were six Indian braves on each side. On the ground in front of
-each were ten sticks, small and straight, made of cedar. Three long
-sticks lay beside them. These were to show how many times each side
-won. There were two gamble sticks the length of a man’s finger. The
-bark had been peeled from one leaving it smooth and round, while the
-other had a ring of bark around the middle.
-
-Then Wook-ya-koots took the two gamble sticks, one in each hand, and
-while swinging them back and forth in front of him, changed them from
-one hand to the other so quickly that no eye could follow. But at last
-Left-Handed made a motion toward the hand he thought held the ring
-stick. The wild chanting stopped. Wook-ya-koots opened wide his hands
-and showed the sticks. Left-Handed had lost and threw one of the short
-sticks of cedar across to the other side. Wook-ya-koots took it and
-stuck it in the ground.
-
-Then the Red Men again began the gamble stick chant. This time
-Left-Handed guessed the hand that held the gamble stick and
-Wook-ya-koots threw over a count stick and also the gamble sticks.
-Chief Yee-khoo and his braves became the guessers.
-
-So the game went on until Chief Yee-khoo’s side had ten count sticks
-stuck in the ground before them. Then they took them all down and put
-up one large count stick. When Chief Yee-khoo’s men had three of these
-large count sticks the game ended and he and his braves carried off all
-the rich robes and food and blankets which they had gambled for. This
-they did the next night and for many nights after. Each night
-Left-Handed and his brothers and sisters made a great feast for them.
-
-Always Left-Handed and his brothers lost until Chief Yee-khoo and his
-men had won everything they possessed except one small club made of
-bone.
-
-Left-Handed took this and said, “This is the only thing we have left.
-It is worth many blankets, for with it we can kill our enemies. We
-shall gamble for this and this time we may be lucky and win.”
-
-Chief Yee-khoo and his braves began to jeer and ask, “How can a bone
-you can cover with one hand kill anyone?”
-
-At last Left-Handed said, “If you do not believe me I shall show you.”
-
-He raised the little bone club and slew Chief Yee-khoo and one after
-another all of his men except one who made his escape and aroused the
-people of Tee-hi-ton. They rushed across the creek and fell upon
-Left-Handed and his brothers and sisters with such fury that they were
-almost overpowered.
-
-Then Left-Handed remembered the little box “tsow” which his
-grandfather, the Almighty One, had given them. He took the box and
-opened one end. At once the worldly people were as the “dry leaves in
-autumn when a puff of wind crumbles them into dust.”
-
-“And,” concluded the Story Teller, as we paddled lazily along, drinking
-in the mystic beauty of a starlit Northern night, “to me and my people
-the Sun, Moon, Sky and Rainbow are emblems the Almighty One has put in
-the heavens to show that the Red Men shall increase and prosper and
-people the earth for as long as the sun and moon shall shine.”
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-THE GREAT PEACE DANCE
-
-
-A spring day in Alaska! Since early dawn we had paddled swiftly along
-in a world wrapped in a blue haze. On our right tall fir trees rose
-mistily from the shore. On our left the faint line of lofty mountain
-ranges melted into the blue grey of a cloudless sky. The seagulls
-spiraled high overhead, then, swooping low, were lost in the
-white-capped waves. The tang of the sea filled our nostrils and the
-rising wind whipped the spray in our faces and sent the blood tingling
-through our veins.
-
-We rounded a jutting point and came in sight of the deserted village of
-Kasaan. Lofty totem poles were etched against the sky. Some leaned
-drunkenly toward decaying lodges half buried in underbrush.
-
-“Here was fought the last great battle between the Tsimpseans and
-Hydahs,” said the Story Teller. “My mother has many times told me the
-tale as it was told to her by her grandfather, who took a Hydah maiden
-for his wife. She was a blood relation of Chief Skowel, he who was
-greatest of all the Hydah chiefs.”
-
-The rain had begun to fall, so we landed and as we cooked our breakfast
-over the campfire he told me the story.
-
-“You must know that some of my people came from far to the southward
-and settled near the Stikine River many, many moons ago. There the
-Hydahs came seeking safety from their enemies, the Tsimpseans. The
-streams were full of fish. There were deer in the forest and game was
-plentiful. They settled there and became rich and had many elaidi
-(slaves).
-
-“See how the totem poles in front of Chief Skowel’s lodge rise high
-above all the others! That tells how big a chief he was. In his lodge
-was danced the great peace dance which ended the long war between the
-Hydahs and the Tsimpseans.
-
-“Farther back than my grandfather’s father can remember the Hydahs and
-the Tsimpseans had made war upon each other. They made raids at night
-and the maidens and young braves taken prisoners were treated as
-slaves. Every time a chief became sick or died, a totem pole was
-raised, or a potlatch given, some of these slaves were killed and their
-bodies thrown on the beach to be eaten by the crows. The number of
-holes in the ears of a chief told how many potlatches he had given.
-
-“One day the Hydahs looked and saw that the water was black with
-canoes. The Tsimpseans were coming to make war upon them. Twenty young
-Hydah braves got into two big canoes and went to meet them. They
-offered to make peace with them. But the Tsimpseans had long looked
-with longing eyes on their rich hunting grounds, and refused.
-
-“The Tsimpseans had seven canoes and over a hundred men. But the Hydahs
-had two guns which they had traded many furs for from the Pale Faces
-far to the Northward at Sheet-kah (Sitka). They shot off the guns and
-the noise was like the roar of thunder. Their enemies leaped backward
-in terror. Their canoes were overturned and so many were killed that
-the water was red with blood.
-
-“They called upon Sha-nung-et-lag-e-das (God) but he heard them not.
-
-“So the Tsimpseans surrendered and Chief Skowel gave a great peace
-dance. The two tribes were drawn up facing each other. Then a young
-brave from each side advanced and choosing one of his former foes
-carried him off to his side. He was not allowed to walk throughout the
-long ceremony and was treated with the greatest honor. This was to show
-that they would now treat each other as brothers and freely visit each
-other’s camp fires.
-
-“If you will visit my lodge in Ketchikan, a day’s journey to the
-northward,” concluded the Story Teller, “I shall show you one of the
-guns used in that last big fight. It was given to me by my grandmother,
-she who was a blood relation of Chief Skowel. She told me it was made
-in Sheet-kah (Sitka) in the days when the Russians made many guns and
-cannons and built great ships to send over the Big Water. It is a flint
-lock and made fine and strong. Many come to see it and offer me plenty
-furs or bags of the white man’s money for it.”
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-THE BATTLE WITH THE SAND FLEAS
-
-
-The rain had ceased and the sun had swept aside the veil of mist
-disclosing a glorious panorama of sea and sky. We stepped into our
-canoe and turned its nose northward.
-
-The sun was setting in a riot of gorgeous colors as we rounded Pinnoch
-Island and saw the thriving little city of Ketchikan stretching for
-miles along the waterfront. “Ketch-kaw” the Indians named it, meaning
-wedged in between two mountains. The harbor was crowded with ships.
-Great concrete buildings rose against the sky. One by one lights began
-to flash out from pretty homes crowding hillside and waterfront and
-were reflected in the waters of Tongass Narrows. As lovely a scene as
-any famed Venice can boast.
-
-Then the Story Teller broke the long silence.
-
-“It was here that the Thlingets fought and conquered the Tsimpseans. It
-ended the war that began so long ago that no one can remember. One,
-two, perhaps three hundred years ago.
-
-“Before that time the Thlingets and the Tsimpseans were brothers. They
-visited and feasted and danced together. So it happened that two
-Thlinget princes looked with favor upon a fair Tsimpsean maiden. They
-quarreled. Their blood relations took up the quarrel. There were angry
-looks and loud words and much fighting. In one of these fights one of
-the Thlinget princes was killed.
-
-“Then the Thlingets hated the Tsimpseans with a fierce hatred because
-one of their maidens had brought this evil upon them. In those days the
-Indian believed in an eye for an eye, a life for a life. So they fell
-upon the Tsimpseans and slew one of the sons of their chief. Then for
-many, many moons they made war upon each other.
-
-“The Thlingets made a big camp at Ketch-kah. They built three great log
-forts. One was where Chief Johnson’s lodge now stands.
-
-“The Thlingets called the Tsimpseans Klah-neets (sand fleas) because
-they would pop up and shoot at them, then disappear in the sand and
-underbrush, or would steal into their camp and carry off their young
-men and maidens and make slaves of them. They came noiselessly and were
-gone, leaving no footprints.
-
-“The Tsimpseans had one small cannon. They had gotten it from the
-Hudson Bay Company, far to the southward, in exchange for furs. While
-their enemies slept, they carried the cannon to the top of the hill and
-fired on the fort. Then a terrible battle was fought. The Thlingets
-seized their war clubs and fell upon the Tsimpseans with such fury that
-almost all of them were either killed or taken prisoner. Then the
-Tsimpsean tribe laid down their war clubs and again lived in peace with
-the Thlingets.
-
-“But,” said the Story Teller, “my people were still at war with a
-Thlinget clan that made their camp at Sheet-kah. It started longer,
-much longer ago than the war with the Tsimpseans. They fought with bows
-and arrows and with clubs made of bone.
-
-“This was the way the big fight started. Every year my people would
-take plenty salmon over to Pinnock Island and hang it there to dry for
-their winter food.
-
-“The Sheet-kah Indians had fine big canoes. They made them of rotten
-spruce logs, which they hollowed out with sharp stones. Some of them
-held thirty or forty people. In them they would paddle as far south as
-Dixon’s Entrance fishing and trading. Once they landed on Pinnock
-Island and carried off all the salmon they found there.
-
-“That winter was long and cold and there was very little food. The old
-and many young children died. Then the hearts of my people grew hot
-with anger. There was a big fight and Chief Nah-goot was killed by
-Schook-klatch, chief of the Sheet-kah tribe. Then they fight, fight,
-all the time fight until Captain Cook came. He was the first Pale Face
-my people had ever seen. Soon the Red Men began trading furs for guns
-with which to fight each other.
-
-“But at last the great white chief in Washington sent his soldiers to
-tell the Red Men that they must live in peace with each other. There
-must be no more fighting.
-
-“Now,” said the Store Teller proudly, “my people live like their white
-brothers. Our children go to school. We have fine big fishing boats.
-Our lodges are like the white men’s lodges.
-
-“There,” pointing to where half a mile away a long pier extended far
-out from the little village of Saxman, “I hope some day to see an
-Indian village like the white men’s villages, where my people will be
-able to do all that my white brothers do. Its harbor will be crowded
-with fishing boats. There shall be canneries and sawmills so our
-children need not seek work in the villages of the white men. The
-Indian will no longer be a child. He will be a man.
-
-“But,” the Story Teller ended sadly, “the young look not with the eyes
-of the old. I dream, but my dreams may not come true.”
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-THE FIRST LINCOLN STATUE
-
-
-“It was one of my people, Thle-da, the most skillful carver of all the
-Thlinget nation, who carved that totem in honor of the great white
-chief, Abraham Lincoln,” said the Story Teller proudly as he pointed to
-a lofty totem pole from which the benign face of the great emancipator
-looked down upon a deserted Indian village.
-
-The setting sun had changed the misty blue of Northern skies into a
-marvelous canopy of red and gold. It bathed the distant snow-capped
-mountains in a rosy light and sent a warm golden glow over the quiet
-waters of Nakat Bay as he told the story of how over fifty years ago
-his tribe had sought shelter under the Stars and Stripes and been saved
-from slavery or complete extermination.
-
-“My people are of the Tongass tribe of the Thlingets,” he went on.
-“They are of the Raven clan. Long before the Pale Faces journeyed to
-the land which the white man calls Alaska, they were at war with the
-Kok-wan-tans, who belonged to the Eagle clan of the Thlingets and were
-always on the war path. They burned our lodges. They carried off our
-fairest maidens and our young men and made slaves of them.
-
-“At last only a few stalwart braves were left to guard our old men and
-women and children. They were driven farther and farther away until
-they found shelter on a low, sandy island a day’s journey from their
-old hunting grounds near Dixon’s Entrance.
-
-“There their enemies could not fall upon them unawares, for the land
-was level as the palm of my hand. They built a great fort of logs and
-slept always with their clubs by their side.
-
-“But the Kok-wan-tans knew that on the island there were no springs of
-water and little wood for their campfires. So they waited with the
-watchful patience of the Red Man for the time when no longer the smoke
-of their campfires should curl upward.
-
-“One day Kayak, a friendly Indian, noiselessly paddled into the little
-cove near the lodge and landed. He told them of a strange ship, like a
-great bird, that had come from far to the southward. On it were many
-Pale Faces. They had built a big fort on the island of Kut-tuk-wah and
-the Red Men were no longer allowed to make war on each other.
-
-“They had been sent, Kayak said, by their chief, Abraham Lincoln. He
-had freed the Black Men who had been slaves to the Pale Faces for many
-moons. Now he had sent his soldiers to free the Red Men. The
-Kok-wan-tans must wash off their war paint and bury their war clubs.
-
-“So,” continued the Story Teller, “my people watched and when their
-enemies were sleeping they took their canoes and fled to this island,
-which the white men now call Tongass Island. Here, guarded by the great
-ship “Lincoln,” Chief Ebbetts and his people built their lodges and
-again raised their totem poles.
-
-“For many years they lived in peace and prospered.
-
-“But the Red Man forgets not. The Tongass Indians were grateful to
-their white brothers. They listened when Chief Sewrard visited them and
-told them of the great white chief who loved the Red Man.
-
-“‘We are thankful,’ they said. ‘Our hearts salute him. No longer need
-we fear lest we be made slaves and buried beneath the totem poles of
-our enemies.’
-
-“One day Chief Ebbetts summoned his sub-chief Tsa-kad and said, ‘I am
-weary. Soon I shall sleep the long sleep of the old. But my heart turns
-to my brother, the great white chief Abraham Lincoln, for what he has
-done for my people. We shall make a lofty totem pole and above the
-Raven, the crest of our tribe, we shall carve a statue of Chief
-Lincoln.’
-
-“So Thle-da, my father’s brother—he who could talk so marvelously with
-his fingers—was given a picture of Chief Lincoln from which to carve
-the statue. He worked while others slept and in the moon of nesting
-birds it was finished.
-
-“Then Chief Ebbetts gave a big potlatch to which all the people in the
-village were invited. The great totem pole was erected and for many
-days there was dancing and feasting. Around the camp fire the elders
-again told how Abraham Lincoln had stretched out his hands to them and
-saved them.
-
-“But,” and the Story Teller shook his head mournfully, “the ancient
-village of my people is now deserted. Their lodges are overgrown with
-weeds. Even our Abraham Lincoln totem is crumbling away.
-
-“In these days when men fly like birds and the voice travels swifter
-than an arrow to its mark, surely Alaska is no longer thought a
-shak-nah-ahm (foreign) country, and our white chief in Washington will
-listen and grant the wish of his children that this island with the
-first statue ever erected to Abraham Lincoln be cared for so we may
-bring our children’s children to look upon it.”
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-A NATIVE ALASKAN ARTIST
-
-
-France has its Millet, Italy its Raphael, and the natives of Alaska
-look with almost equal pride upon their Tsimpsean artist, Henry S.
-Haldane. He does not know when he was born. It was long before Father
-Duncan brought his gift of the gospel to the Alaskan Indians. But no
-one can view the paintings of this self-taught native without feeling
-that—with proper training—the divine spark implanted in him would have
-brought rich fruitage.
-
-On the wall of Father Duncan’s church in Metlakatla hangs a picture of
-an open Bible. So perfect is it that you will have to look closely to
-see that it is painted on canvas. It is the work of this artist,
-painted over thirty years ago. A hundred years from now it will be
-preserved in our national museum as one of the most valuable of early
-Alaskan art treasures.
-
-“Christ’s Agony in Gethsemane” was recently painted by Haldane for the
-new Salvation Army Hall in Metlakatla, although he is now almost blind.
-The paintings of the Sun, Star, Moon and Rainbow Houses reproduced in
-this book are his work.
-
-The first native photographer in Alaska, unassisted, he acquired a
-knowledge of photography that for a time opened up to him an
-interesting field of work. But six years ago unkind Fate dealt him a
-cruel blow. Born blind in one eye, an accident made him almost blind in
-the other eye. While chopping wood a chip struck the eyeball,
-hopelessly injuring it.
-
-Still the urge to create is strong within him. With amazing perfection
-of detail and color he paints pictures and carves the totem poles which
-portray so vividly the history and legends of the Alaskan Indians.
-
-
-                                THE END
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-DISTANCES FROM KETCHIKAN
-
-
-                                SOUTH
-
-                                                Miles
-                    San Diego, California        1841
-                    Los Angeles, California      1775
-                    San Francisco, California    1359
-                    Portland, Oregon              917
-                    Seattle, Washington           662
-                    Tacoma, Washington            687
-                    Port Townsend, Washington     624
-                    Vancouver, B. C.              528
-                    Victoria, B. C.               590
-
-
-                                NORTH
-
-                                                Miles
-                    Nome, Alaska                 2620
-                    Unalaska, Alaska             1687
-                    Unga, Alaska                 1387
-                    Kadiak, Alaska                937
-                    Dawson, Y. T.                 922
-                    Valdez, Alaska                664
-                    Whitehorse, Y. T.             449
-                    Lituya Bay, Alaska            390
-                    Porcupine City, Alaska        365
-                    Skagway, Alaska               337
-                    Haines, Alaska                325
-                    Berners Bay, Alaska           299
-                    Sitka, Alaska                 280
-                    Juneau, Alaska                237
-                    Treadwell, Alaska             224
-                    Petersburg, Alaska            135
-                    Wrangell, Alaska               90
-
-
-                DISTANCES TO POINTS IN THE KETCHIKAN
-                  MINING DISTRICT BY MAIL STEAMER
-
-                                                Miles
-                    Coronation Island (Mining)    150
-                    Klawak (Cannery)              140
-                    Shakan (Marble Quarry)         92
-                    Copper Mountain (Mining)       92
-                    (By portage)                   52
-                    Sulzer (Mining; by portage)    46
-                    Wales Island (Cannery)         62
-                    Unuk River (Mining)            60
-                    Lincoln Rock (Lighthouse)      58
-                    Hunter’s Bay (Cannery)         79
-                    Bell Island Hot Springs        40
-                    Boca de Quadra (Cannery)       40
-                    Tree Point (Light House)       42
-                    Yes Bay (Cannery)              40
-                    Hollis (Mining)                39
-                    Tolstoi Bay (Mining)           37
-                    Karta Bay (Mining)             30
-                    Niblack (Mining)               30
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-<p style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Indian Legends from the land of Al-ay-ek-sa, by Harriet Rossiter</p>
-<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
-at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you
-are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the
-country where you are located before using this eBook.
-</div>
-
-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Indian Legends from the land of Al-ay-ek-sa</p>
-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Authors: Harriet Rossiter</p>
-<p style='display:block; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em;'>E. C. Howard</p>
-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: May 29, 2022 [eBook #68201]</p>
-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</p>
-  <p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; text-align:left'>Produced by: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net/ for Project Gutenberg. (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)</p>
-<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDIAN LEGENDS FROM THE LAND OF AL-AY-EK-SA ***</div>
-<div class="front">
-<div class="div1 cover"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody">
-<p class="first"></p>
-<div class="figure cover-imagewidth"><img src="images/front.jpg" alt="Original Front Cover." width="466" height="720"></div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e97">[<a href="#xd31e97">1</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div1 epigraph"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<div class="lgouter">
-<p class="line">Al-ay-ek-sa, where once the Red Men bold
-</p>
-<p class="line">Roamed the forests and fished in the streams,
-</p>
-<p class="line">And around their campfires told and retold
-</p>
-<p class="line">Strange legends a thousand years old.</p>
-</div>
-<p><span class="pageNum" id="xd31e104">[<a href="#xd31e104">2</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div1 titlepage"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody">
-<p class="first"></p>
-<div class="figure titlepage-imagewidth"><img src="images/titlepage.png" alt="Original Title Page." width="459" height="720"></div><p>
-</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="titlePage">
-<div class="docTitle">
-<div class="mainTitle"><i><span class="sc">Indian Legends</span></i></div>
-<div class="subTitle">From the Land of AL-AY-EK-SA</div>
-</div>
-<div class="docImprint">Published by
-<br>
-HARRIET ROSSITER—E. C. HOWARD<br>
-Copywrited, July 1925<br>
-Ketchikan, Alaska</div>
-</div>
-<p><span class="pageNum" id="xd31e126">[<a href="#xd31e126">3</a>]</span></p>
-<div class="div1 frontispiece"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate01width"><img src="images/plate01.jpg" alt="“The Almighty One built in the heavens a Rainbow House”" width="515" height="720"><p class="figureHead">“The Almighty One built in the heavens a Rainbow House”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e133">[<a href="#xd31e133">4</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="intro" class="div1 last-child introduction"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#intro.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i><span class="sc">Indian Legends</span></i></h2>
-<h2 class="sub">From the Land of Al-ay-ek-sa</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">“Many, many moons ago, long before the Pale Faces invaded the land which the Indians
-called Al-ay-ek-sa (Alaska, “Big Country”), the Great Spirit caused the waters to
-rise and blot out all the land, even to the tops of the highest mountains.”
-</p>
-<p>So runs an ancient Indian legend.
-</p>
-<p>“At that time there was a mighty roaring like the pounding of the waves upon a rocky
-shore, and suddenly death and destruction were upon the people. Some of the terror-stricken
-natives fled to the mountains, but the water overtook them and they were drowned.
-Only a very few escaped in their canoes. These drifted around until the water went
-down and their canoes grated and came to rest on dry land. There they settled and
-built their lodges and continued to follow the customs of their people.
-</p>
-<p>“This is how blood relations became so widely separated. So a stranger in an Indian
-village may enter any lodge before which stands a totem surmounted by the crest of
-his family. He is given food and shelter and may take freely that which he needs.
-</p>
-<p>“In the days when slaves were as plentiful as the salmon berries that grow by the
-running water an Indian chief would free all his prisoners whose crest was the crest
-of his clan, even if their tongue was unknown to him and sounded hostile in his ears.
-</p>
-<p>“But a member of the Raven clan may not marry a raven or an eagle an eagle. They belong
-to the same family and are forbidden to marry.”
-</p>
-<hr class="tb"><p>
-</p>
-<p>In that long ago time when every Indian village had its honored Story Teller, this
-and many other tales were told around the campfire while the smoke curled upward and
-the moon crept over the mountain. The old men grunted assent and the young men kept
-silent, listening. For upon them must fall the task of handing down the legends and
-customs of their people.
-</p>
-<p>But since the coming of the white man these Story Tellers are passing away. Only a
-few remain and they are very old. The youths and maidens listen not to the tales of
-their ancestors, and soon there shall be no one to keep alive the traditions of their
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e153">[<a href="#xd31e153">5</a>]</span>people who journeyed long ago to the cold land of the North.
-</p>
-<p>So we have set down some of the legends told by the Red Men to their children in the
-Land of the Midnight Sun, where sometimes in the heavens are seen long, gorgeous-hued
-fingers of light flashing here and there—“Spirits of departed warriors returned to
-dance once more their war dances.”
-</p>
-<p>Would you know the legend of the Sun, Moon, Star and Rainbow Houses? Then read the
-tale as it was told by one of the last great Indian Story Tellers.
-</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="body">
-<div id="tsow" class="div1 tale"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#tsow.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i>The Gift of “Tsow”</i></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">Farther back than the memory of the oldest Red Man there once lived an old woman named
-Cowoh. She was very proud for she was the daughter of a great chief. She had three
-sons and one daughter. They lived in the village of Naha, which was built along one
-side of a creek. On the other side, the length of twenty canoes away, was the village
-of Tee-hi-ton (Cedar Bark).
-</p>
-<p>Now in the time of falling leaves, as was their custom, the three sons went up on
-the mountain to hunt groundhogs. Each of the young men had his own lodge and a fine
-hunting ground in the valley. They set their traps and three days later the two younger
-brothers found their traps full, but those of the eldest brother, Koot-da-nah, were
-empty. This continued for as many days as there are fingers on both hands.
-</p>
-<p>Then the hearts of the two young men were heavy and in sorrow for their brother they
-proposed that they should give up hunting groundhogs and hunt beavers instead.
-</p>
-<p>So the next morning they went down to a nearby lake where the beavers had made a big
-dam with a great tree to keep it from breaking.
-</p>
-<p>Koot-da-nah said, “I shall knock down the tree and you boys stand ready to club the
-animals when the water breaks and forces them out.”
-</p>
-<p>His brothers were fearful and warned him to be careful, but as the tree fell Koot-da-nah
-caught his foot in its roots and, pitching forward into the lake, was drowned.
-</p>
-<p>Atch-koog-tdoo-cha shook-ka (he-who-swims-like-a-fish) found the body face downward
-on the bottom of the lake. Sorrowfully the brothers carried it to their lodge.
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e170">[<a href="#xd31e170">6</a>]</span></p>
-<p>Then Too-ke-tni-ka (the-fearless-one) said, “Some evil has fallen upon my brother’s
-family in his absence and caused his death. I shall go down to the village and find
-out what has happened.”
-</p>
-<p>So that night Too-ke-tni-ka stole down to the village and, unseen, crept into his
-mother’s house.
-</p>
-<p>When Cowoh heard that her eldest son was drowned, she was full of trouble and said,
-“Koshu, son of Chief Yee-khoo, from the village of Tee-hi-ton has looked with evil
-eyes upon the wife of Koot-da-nah while he has been absent and has visited her every
-night.”
-</p>
-<p>Then Too-ke-tni-ka said, “I shall kill this man. Do not tell anyone I am here. I shall
-hide in the forest and tomorrow I shall come limping into the village as if my leg
-were broken. I shall lie down beside the fire. Tell everyone I am suffering so they
-will go to bed early.”
-</p>
-<p>The next day when the shadows lay short on the grass Too-ke-tni-ka appeared in the
-village with his leg bound about with the bark of the cedar tree and went to his mother’s
-lodge.
-</p>
-<p>That night, when everyone was asleep, he wrapped himself in his blanket and waited
-with his eyes fixed on the door of the lodge.
-</p>
-<p>Long after darkness like a black curtain had settled down over the village Too-ke-tni-ka
-crouched by the dying coals and his eyes were red in the darkness and his ears were
-like the ears of the deer in the forest.
-</p>
-<p>At last there was a faint sound like the far-off cry of the night hawk in the woods.
-The door of the lodge was pushed open and a dark shadow stole across and entered the
-room of Kah-ook-too-ni, the Beautiful One.
-</p>
-<p>Too-ke-tni-ka’s heart beat fast with anger. He listened long and then rose and crept
-noiselessly into the room of his brother’s wife. By the light of his beechwood stick
-he saw that indeed it was the chief’s son who lay sleeping by the side of Kah-ook-too-ni.
-Then he drew his hunting knife and cut off the head of the wicked one and taking it
-with him sped like the wind through the sleeping-village to the hunting lodge in the
-mountains where his brother awaited him.
-</p>
-<p>Now Kah-ook-too-ni was awakened by the trickling of the warm blood across her hand.
-When she saw what had happened she was afraid. Knowing that when the chief’s son did
-not come home there would be a great outcry and searching parties would be sent out,
-she rose and in great haste dug a grave beneath the bed and buried the body.
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e183">[<a href="#xd31e183">7</a>]</span>
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate02width"><img src="images/plate02.jpg" alt="“To Left-Handed was given a Sun House”" width="507" height="720"><p class="figureHead">“To Left-Handed was given a Sun House”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e188">[<a href="#xd31e188">8</a>]</span></p>
-<p>Meanwhile, after Too-ke-tni-ka had told his brother all that had happened, the two
-young men went down to the village and placed the head of the chief’s son over the
-door of their lodge facing inside.
-</p>
-<p>In the village of Tee-hi-ton there was much loud talking and angry looks directed
-toward Naha when the tidings spread that Koshu, the son of their chief, was missing.
-Searching parties were sent out, but as the waves wash out footsteps in the sand,
-so had disappeared Koshu, the fleet-footed.
-</p>
-<p>Then Chief Yee-khoo called a council of his people. It was decided that Wook-ya-koots
-(he-of-the-sharp-eyes) should be sent to Naha to get a fire and see if he could discover
-what had become of Koshu.
-</p>
-<p>Wook-ya-koots walked boldly across the frozen creek and entered the lodge of Too-ke-tni-ka.
-As he bent over the fire to light his stick, he looked stealthily around but saw nothing.
-But as he paused by the door on his way out he felt the drip, drip of something on
-his feet. He went outside, and, stooping, touched it with his finger.
-</p>
-<p>It was blood!
-</p>
-<p>Pretending to stumble, he put out his fire and again returned to the lodge. As he
-bent over the coals with his hair falling over his eyes, he looked and saw the head
-of the chief’s son over the door.
-</p>
-<p>Then he made great haste back to his village and told what he had seen. Chief Yee-khoo
-called all his braves together. They put on their war paint and brandishing their
-war clubs, rushed across the creek and fell upon the village, killing everyone in
-it and setting fire to their lodges.
-</p>
-<p>Only Cowoh and her daughter, who had hid under their lodge, were saved. When at last
-the wild chant of the savage war dance of their enemies ceased, they stole like black
-shadows through the forest to the lodge in the mountains.
-</p>
-<p>But after a time Cowoh’s heart was troubled.
-</p>
-<p>“Who now will marry my daughter?” she asked herself. “There is no man of my people
-left for her to wed.”
-</p>
-<p>One day as she walked in the forest with her daughter, At-ku-dakt (modest-little-one)
-she cried aloud, “Who now will marry my daughter?”
-</p>
-<p>At once a little red bird came flying down and said: “I will marry your daughter.”
-</p>
-<p>But Cowoh heeded him not.
-</p>
-<p>Then a squirrel ran down from a tree, a rabbit came out of the woods, a deer paused
-in his flight, and each in turn said, “I will marry your daughter.”
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e205">[<a href="#xd31e205">9</a>]</span></p>
-<p>But Cowoh would have none of them.
-</p>
-<p>Then Hoots, the great brown bear, came and said, “I can pull up huge trees by the
-roots. I can tear a man’s head and body apart. I shall marry your daughter.”
-</p>
-<p>At-ku-dakh was terrified and hid behind her mother. Then the earth began to tremble
-and the lightning flashed, and in the midst of it appeared a handsome youth who said,
-“I shall marry your daughter and take her up to my father, the Almighty One. You,
-Cowoh, I shall take under one arm and At-ku-dakh under the other. Look not out or
-evil may come upon you.”
-</p>
-<p>Cowoh heeded not the warning. When they were passing a cloud she heard a sound like
-the roaring of a waterfall and stuck out her head.
-</p>
-<p>As quickly as thunder follows the lightning, they found themselves again upon the
-earth. The stranger was angry, and, pulling out one of the branches of a tree, put
-Cowoh in the hole, saying, “Here you shall stay as long as the world shall last. People
-shall always hear you crying in the wind.”
-</p>
-<hr class="tb"><p>
-</p>
-<p>Taking the young girl, the youth flew up to heaven where the Almighty One welcomed
-her as his son’s wife.
-</p>
-<p>When the first son was born, the grandfather, the Great Spirit, baptized him with
-water so he would have magic power. Then he put his feet on the feet of the child.
-Immediately the baby grew and grew until he was tall and straight like a young pine
-tree that grows on the hillside. He named the child Left-Handed.
-</p>
-<p>Four boys and two girls were born and in the same way the grandfather endowed them
-each with magic power. He taught the boys how to use the spear and bow and arrow and
-the girls how to nurse the sick. He taught Left-Handed how to stick gamble until his
-skill was so great that none could equal him.
-</p>
-<p>Then the grandfather built in the heavens a Sun House which he gave to Left-Handed.
-He built a Star House for the second boy. For the third boy he built a Rainbow House
-and for the fourth boy a Sky House. Each house had a round door. Within were blankets
-and food and rich robes of fur.
-</p>
-<p>Calling his four grandsons to him the Almighty One gave them a small box “tsow” saying,
-“The time shall come when you will have to fight the wicked, worldly people of the
-earth. Then take this box, open one end of it and they will at once become as the
-dry leaves in autumn when the wind crumbles them into dust.”
-</p>
-<p>The Almighty One took the Sun House with the eldest boy and his sister and dropped
-it upon the earth in the center of the deserted <span class="pageNum" id="xd31e222">[<a href="#xd31e222">10</a>]</span>village of Naha. Then he took the Moon, Star and Rainbow Houses and dropped them down
-beside the Sun House.
-</p>
-<p>In Tee-hi-ton the people heard a loud noise like a clap of thunder. This they heard
-as many times as there are fingers on one hand.
-</p>
-<p>The young people began to jeer, but the elders made them keep silent. “It is nothing,”
-they said. “It is only Skanson the thunder bird singing his war song.” So they wrapped
-themselves in their blankets and went to sleep.
-</p>
-<p>The next morning a thick fog hung over the creek so they could not see the length
-of their canoe in front of them. But when the mist lifted they shouted in amazement,
-for there among the ruins of the deserted village were four houses, painted with strange
-figures such as they had never seen before.
-</p>
-<p>As they watched they saw young men and maidens going in and out of the houses. Then
-they crowded together, asking each other fearfully, “Are these the spirits of our
-enemies returned to punish us?”
-</p>
-<p>After many days Wook-ya-koots, the keen-eyed, said, “I, Wook-ya-koots, shall go alone
-to Naha to speak with the strangers and learn from whence comes these lodges which
-glimmer in the dusk like the water when we paddle idly along in the moonlight.”
-</p>
-<p>The people waited eagerly for Wook-ya-koots’ return, but the sun was high overhead
-before he appeared. Showing them a piece of meat he said, “Look, this is real meat.
-The strangers are not spirits. They gave me dried fish, the meat of the mountain sheep
-and berries to eat. They are lonely and invite you to a great feast tonight.”
-</p>
-<hr class="tb"><p>
-</p>
-<p>The feast lasted until the moon hid her face and the stars began to fade from the
-sky. The next night Chief Yee-khoo and his braves came again and for many nights after.
-</p>
-<p>Then Left-Handed said, “Are there any stick gamblers among you? Tomorrow you shall
-teach me how to stick gamble.”
-</p>
-<p>The sun was slipping down behind the mountains when Chief Yee-khoo and his people
-arrived, for in those days the salmon might leap in the streams and the beavers build
-their dams unheeded while the Red Men gambled away their blankets and food and even
-their canoes.
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate03width"><img src="images/plate03.jpg" alt="Decorated paddle." width="720" height="44"></div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e241">[<a href="#xd31e241">11</a>]</span>
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate04width"><img src="images/plate04.jpg" alt="“Within the Sky House were food and rich robes”" width="524" height="720"><p class="figureHead">“Within the Sky House were food and rich robes”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e246">[<a href="#xd31e246">12</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="gamble" class="div1 tale"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#gamble.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i>The Gamble Stick Game</i></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">A great fire chased away the black shadows of night as the Red Men began the gamble
-stick chant. First low, then louder and faster, while they beat on drums made of logs.
-</p>
-<p>There were six Indian braves on each side. On the ground in front of each were ten
-sticks, small and straight, made of cedar. Three long sticks lay beside them. These
-were to show how many times each side won. There were two gamble sticks the length
-of a man’s finger. The bark had been peeled from one leaving it smooth and round,
-while the other had a ring of bark around the middle.
-</p>
-<p>Then Wook-ya-koots took the two gamble sticks, one in each hand, and while swinging
-them back and forth in front of him, changed them from one hand to the other so quickly
-that no eye could follow. But at last Left-Handed made a motion toward the hand he
-thought held the ring stick. The wild chanting stopped. Wook-ya-koots opened wide
-his hands and showed the sticks. Left-Handed had lost and threw one of the short sticks
-of cedar across to the other side. Wook-ya-koots took it and stuck it in the ground.
-</p>
-<p>Then the Red Men again began the gamble stick chant. This time Left-Handed guessed
-the hand that held the gamble stick and Wook-ya-koots threw over a count stick and
-also the gamble sticks. Chief Yee-khoo and his braves became the guessers.
-</p>
-<p>So the game went on until Chief Yee-khoo’s side had ten count sticks stuck in the
-ground before them. Then they took them all down and put up one large count stick.
-When Chief Yee-khoo’s men had three of these large count sticks the game ended and
-he and his braves carried off all the rich robes and food and blankets which they
-had gambled for. This they did the next night and for many nights after. Each night
-<span class="corr" id="xd31e256" title="Source: Ieft-Handed">Left-Handed</span> and his brothers and sisters made a great feast for them.
-</p>
-<p>Always Left-Handed and his brothers lost until Chief Yee-khoo and his men had won
-everything they possessed except one small club made of bone.
-</p>
-<p>Left-Handed took this and said, “This is the only thing we have left. It is worth
-many blankets, for with it we can kill our enemies. We shall gamble for this and this
-time we may be lucky and win.”
-</p>
-<p>Chief Yee-khoo and his braves began to jeer and ask, “How can a bone you can cover
-with one hand kill anyone?”
-</p>
-<p>At last Left-Handed said, “If you do not believe me I shall show you.”
-</p>
-<p>He raised the little bone club and slew Chief Yee-khoo and <span class="pageNum" id="xd31e265">[<a href="#xd31e265">13</a>]</span>one after another all of his men except one who made his escape and aroused the people
-of Tee-hi-ton. They rushed across the creek and fell upon Left-Handed and his brothers
-and sisters with such fury that they were almost overpowered.
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate05width"><img src="images/plate05.jpg" alt="“Unheeded the salmon might leap in the stream while the Red Men played the Gamble Stick Game”" width="460" height="720"><p class="figureHead">“Unheeded the salmon might leap in the stream while the Red Men played the Gamble
-Stick Game”</p>
-</div><p>
-</p>
-<p>Then Left-Handed remembered the little box “tsow” which his grandfather, the Almighty
-One, had given them. He took the box and opened one end. At once the worldly people
-were as the “dry leaves in autumn when a puff of wind crumbles them into dust.”
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e273">[<a href="#xd31e273">14</a>]</span></p>
-<p>“And,” concluded the Story Teller, as we paddled lazily along, drinking in the mystic
-beauty of a starlit Northern night, “to me and my people the Sun, Moon, Sky and Rainbow
-are emblems the Almighty One has put in the heavens to show that the Red Men shall
-increase and prosper and people the earth for as long as the sun and moon shall shine.”
-</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="dance" class="div1 tale"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#dance.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i>The Great Peace Dance</i></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">A spring day in Alaska! Since early dawn we had paddled swiftly along in a world wrapped
-in a blue haze. On our right tall fir trees rose mistily from the shore. On our left
-the faint line of lofty mountain ranges melted into the blue grey of a cloudless sky.
-The seagulls spiraled high overhead, then, swooping low, were lost in the white-capped
-waves. The tang of the sea filled our nostrils and the rising wind whipped the spray
-in our faces and sent the blood tingling through our veins.
-</p>
-<p>We rounded a jutting point and came in sight of the deserted village of Kasaan. Lofty
-totem poles were etched against the sky. Some leaned drunkenly toward decaying lodges
-half buried in underbrush.
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate06width"><img src="images/plate06.jpg" alt="Gun used by Hydahs in the Last Big Fight with the Tsimpseans" width="720" height="179"><p class="figureHead">Gun used by Hydahs in the Last Big Fight with the Tsimpseans</p>
-</div><p>
-</p>
-<p>“Here was fought the last great battle between the Tsimpseans and Hydahs,” said the
-Story Teller. “My mother has many times told me the tale as it was told to her by
-her grandfather, who took a Hydah maiden for his wife. She was a blood relation of
-Chief Skowel, he who was greatest of all the Hydah chiefs.<span class="corr" id="xd31e286" title="Not in source">”</span>
-</p>
-<p>The rain had begun to fall, so we landed and as we cooked our breakfast over the campfire
-he told me the story.
-</p>
-<p>“You must know that some of my people came from far to the southward and settled near
-the Stikine River many, many moons ago. There the Hydahs came seeking safety from
-their enemies, the Tsimpseans. The streams were full of fish. There were deer in the
-forest and game was plentiful. They settled there and became rich and had many elaidi
-(slaves).
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e291">[<a href="#xd31e291">15</a>]</span>
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate07width"><img src="images/plate07.jpg" alt="“We came in sight of the deserted village of Kasaan”" width="720" height="456"><div class="figAnnotation plate07width"><span class="figTop">&nbsp;</span><span class="figBottomRight">Courtesy Mrs. F.&nbsp;J. Hunt</span></div>
-<p class="figureHead">“We came in sight of the deserted village of Kasaan”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e298">[<a href="#xd31e298">16</a>]</span></p>
-<p>“See how the totem poles in front of Chief Skowel’s lodge rise high above all the
-others! That tells how big a chief he was. In his lodge was danced the great peace
-dance which ended the long war between the Hydahs and the Tsimpseans.
-</p>
-<p>“Farther back than my grandfather’s father can remember the Hydahs and the Tsimpseans
-had made war upon each other. They made raids at night and the maidens and young braves
-taken prisoners were treated as slaves. Every time a chief became sick or died, a
-totem pole was raised, or a potlatch given, some of these slaves were killed and their
-bodies thrown on the beach to be eaten by the crows. The number of holes in the ears
-of a chief told how many potlatches he had given.
-</p>
-<p>“One day the Hydahs looked and saw that the water was black with canoes. The Tsimpseans
-were coming to make war upon them. Twenty young Hydah braves got into two big canoes
-and went to meet them. They offered to make peace with them. But the Tsimpseans had
-long looked with longing eyes on their rich hunting grounds, and refused.
-</p>
-<p>“The Tsimpseans had seven canoes and over a hundred men. But the Hydahs had two guns
-which they had traded many furs for from the Pale Faces far to the Northward at Sheet-kah
-(Sitka). They shot off the guns and the noise was like the roar of thunder. Their
-enemies leaped backward in terror. Their canoes were overturned and so many were killed
-that the water was red with blood.
-</p>
-<p>“They called upon Sha-nung-et-lag-e-das (God) but he heard them not.
-</p>
-<p>“So the <span class="corr" id="xd31e307" title="Source: Tsimpseams">Tsimpseans</span> surrendered and Chief Skowel gave a great peace dance. The two tribes were drawn
-up facing each other. Then a young brave from each side advanced and choosing one
-<span class="corr" id="xd31e310" title="Source: f">of</span> his former foes carried him off to his side. He was not allowed to walk throughout
-the long ceremony and was treated with the greatest honor. This was to show that they
-would now treat each other as brothers and freely visit each other’s camp fires.
-</p>
-<p>“If you will visit my lodge in Ketchikan, a day’s journey to the northward,” concluded
-the Story Teller, “I shall show you one of the guns used in that last big fight. It
-was given to me by my grandmother, she who was a blood relation of Chief Skowel. She
-told me it was made in Sheet-kah (Sitka) in the days when the Russians made many guns
-and cannons and built great ships to send over the Big Water. It is a flint lock and
-made fine and strong. Many come to see it and offer me plenty furs or bags of the
-white man’s money for it.”
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e315">[<a href="#xd31e315">17</a>]</span>
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate08width"><img src="images/plate08.jpg" alt="“The Star House had a round door”" width="522" height="720"><p class="figureHead">“The Star House had a round door”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e320">[<a href="#xd31e320">18</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="fleas" class="div1 tale"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#fleas.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i>The Battle with the Sand Fleas</i></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">The rain had ceased and the sun had swept aside the veil of mist disclosing a glorious
-panorama of sea and sky. We stepped into our canoe and turned its nose northward.
-</p>
-<p>The sun was setting in a riot of gorgeous colors as we rounded Pinnoch Island and
-saw the thriving little city of Ketchikan stretching for miles along the waterfront.
-“Ketch-kaw” the Indians named it, meaning wedged in between two mountains. The harbor
-was crowded with ships. Great concrete buildings rose against the sky. One by one
-lights began to flash out from pretty homes crowding hillside and waterfront and were
-reflected in the waters of Tongass Narrows. As lovely a scene as any famed Venice
-can boast.
-</p>
-<p>Then the Story Teller broke the long silence.
-</p>
-<p>“It was here that the Thlingets fought and conquered the Tsimpseans. It ended the
-war that began so long ago that no one can remember. One, two, perhaps three hundred
-years ago.
-</p>
-<p>“Before that time the Thlingets and the Tsimpseans were brothers. They visited and
-feasted and danced together. So it happened that two Thlinget princes looked with
-favor upon a fair Tsimpsean maiden. They quarreled. Their blood relations took up
-the quarrel. There were angry looks and loud words and much fighting. In one of these
-fights one of the Thlinget princes was killed.
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate09width"><img src="images/plate09.jpg" alt="“An Old Indian War Canoe”" width="720" height="146"><p class="figureHead">“An Old Indian War Canoe”</p>
-</div><p>
-</p>
-<p>“Then the Thlingets hated the Tsimpseans with a fierce hatred because one of their
-maidens had brought this evil upon them. In those days the Indian believed in an eye
-for an eye, a life for a life. So they fell upon the Tsimpseans and slew one of the
-sons of their chief. Then for many, many moons they made war upon each other.
-</p>
-<p>“The Thlingets made a big camp at Ketch-kah. They built three great log forts. One
-was where Chief Johnson’s lodge now stands.
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e336">[<a href="#xd31e336">19</a>]</span>
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate10width"><img src="images/plate10.jpg" alt="“The Thlingets built a fort where Chief Johnson’s lodge now stands”" width="720" height="459"><div class="figAnnotation plate10width"><span class="figTop">&nbsp;</span><span class="figBottomRight">Courtesy Mrs. F.&nbsp;J. Hunt</span></div>
-<p class="figureHead">“The Thlingets built a fort where Chief Johnson’s lodge now stands”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e343">[<a href="#xd31e343">20</a>]</span></p>
-<p>“The Thlingets called the Tsimpseans Klah-neets (sand fleas) because they would pop
-up and shoot at them, then disappear in the sand and underbrush, or would steal into
-their camp and carry off their young men and maidens and make slaves of them. They
-came noiselessly and were gone, leaving no footprints.
-</p>
-<p>“The Tsimpseans had one small cannon. They had gotten it from the Hudson Bay Company,
-far to the southward, in exchange for furs. While their enemies slept, they carried
-the cannon to the top of the hill and fired on the fort. Then a terrible battle was
-fought. The Thlingets seized their war clubs and fell upon the Tsimpseans with such
-fury that almost all of them were either killed or taken prisoner. Then the Tsimpsean
-tribe laid down their war clubs and again lived in peace with the Thlingets.
-</p>
-<p>“But,” said the Story Teller, “my people were still at war with a Thlinget clan that
-made their camp at Sheet-kah. It started longer, much longer ago than the war with
-the Tsimpseans. They fought with bows and arrows and with clubs made of bone.
-</p>
-<p>“This was the way the big fight started. Every year my people would take plenty salmon
-over to Pinnock Island and hang it there to dry for their winter food.
-</p>
-<p>“The Sheet-kah Indians had fine big canoes. They made them of rotten spruce logs,
-which they hollowed out with sharp stones. Some of them held thirty or forty people.
-In them they would paddle as far south as Dixon’s Entrance fishing and trading. Once
-they landed on Pinnock Island and carried off all the salmon they found there.
-</p>
-<p>“That winter was long and cold and there was very little food. The old and many young
-children died. Then the hearts of my people grew hot with anger. There was a big fight
-and Chief Nah-goot was killed by Schook-klatch, chief of the Sheet-kah tribe. Then
-they fight, fight, all the time fight until Captain Cook came. He was the first Pale
-Face my people had ever seen. Soon the Red Men began trading furs for guns with which
-to fight each other.
-</p>
-<p>“But at last the great white chief in Washington sent his soldiers to tell the Red
-Men that they must live in peace with each other. There must be no more fighting.
-</p>
-<p>“Now,” said the Store Teller proudly, “my people live like their white brothers. Our
-children go to school. We have fine big fishing boats. Our lodges are like the white
-men’s lodges.
-</p>
-<p>“There,” pointing to where half a mile away a long pier extended far out from the
-little village of Saxman, “I hope some day to see an Indian village like the white
-men’s villages, where <span class="pageNum" id="xd31e355">[<a href="#xd31e355">21</a>]</span>my people will be able to do all that my white brothers do. Its harbor will be crowded
-with fishing boats. There shall be canneries and sawmills so our children need not
-seek work in the villages of the white men. The Indian will no longer be a child.
-He will be a man.
-</p>
-<p>“But,” the Story Teller ended sadly, “the young look not with the eyes of the old.
-I dream, but my dreams may not come true.”
-</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="lincoln" class="div1 tale"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#lincoln.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i>The First Lincoln Statue</i></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">“It was one of my people, Thle-da, the most skillful carver of all the Thlinget nation,
-who carved that totem in honor of the great white chief, Abraham Lincoln,” said the
-Story Teller proudly as he pointed to a lofty totem pole from which the benign face
-of the great emancipator looked down upon a deserted Indian village.
-</p>
-<p>The setting sun had changed the misty blue of Northern skies into a marvelous canopy
-of red and gold. It bathed the distant snow-capped mountains in a rosy light and sent
-a warm golden glow over the quiet waters of Nakat Bay as he told the story of how
-over fifty years ago his tribe had sought shelter under the Stars and Stripes and
-been saved from slavery or complete extermination.
-</p>
-<p>“My people are of the Tongass tribe of the Thlingets,” he went on. “They are of the
-Raven clan. Long before the Pale Faces journeyed to the land which the white man calls
-Alaska, they were at war with the Kok-wan-tans, who belonged to the Eagle clan of
-the Thlingets and were always on the war path. They burned our lodges. They carried
-off our fairest maidens and our young men and made slaves of them.
-</p>
-<p>“At last only a few stalwart braves were left to guard our old men and women and children.
-They were driven farther and farther away until they found shelter on a low, sandy
-island a day’s journey from their old hunting grounds near Dixon’s Entrance.
-</p>
-<p>“There their enemies could not fall upon them unawares, for the land was level as
-the palm of my hand. They built a great fort of logs and slept always with their clubs
-by their side.
-</p>
-<p>“But the Kok-wan-tans knew that on the island there were no springs of water and little
-wood for their campfires. So they waited with the watchful patience of the Red Man
-for the time when no longer the smoke of their campfires should curl upward.
-</p>
-<p>“One day Kayak, a friendly Indian, noiselessly paddled into the <span class="pageNum" id="xd31e369">[<a href="#xd31e369">22</a>]</span>little cove near the lodge and landed. He told them of a strange ship, like a great
-bird, that had come from far to the southward. On it were many Pale Faces. They had
-built a big fort on the island of Kut-tuk-wah and the Red Men were no longer allowed
-to make war on each other.
-</p>
-<p>“They had been sent, Kayak said, by their chief, Abraham Lincoln. He had freed the
-Black Men who had been slaves to the Pale Faces for many moons. Now he had sent his
-soldiers to free the Red Men. The Kok-wan-tans must wash off their war paint and bury
-their war clubs.
-</p>
-<p>“So,” continued the Story Teller, “my people watched and when their enemies were sleeping
-they took their canoes and fled to this island, which the white men now call Tongass
-Island. Here, guarded by the great ship “Lincoln,” Chief Ebbetts and his people built
-their lodges and again raised their totem poles.
-</p>
-<p>“For many years they lived in peace and prospered.
-</p>
-<p>“But the Red Man forgets not. The Tongass Indians were grateful to their white brothers.
-They listened when Chief Sewrard visited them and told them of the great white chief
-who loved the Red Man.
-</p>
-<p>“ ‘We are thankful,’ they said. ‘Our hearts salute him. No longer need we fear lest
-we be made slaves and buried beneath the totem poles of our enemies.’
-</p>
-<p>“One day Chief Ebbetts summoned his sub-chief Tsa-kad and said, ‘I am weary. Soon
-I shall sleep the long sleep of the old. But my heart turns to my brother, the great
-white chief Abraham Lincoln, for what he has done for my people. We shall make a lofty
-totem pole and above the Raven, the crest of our tribe, we shall carve a statue of
-Chief Lincoln.’
-</p>
-<p>“So Thle-da, my father’s brother—he who could talk so marvelously with his fingers—was
-given a picture of Chief Lincoln from which to carve the statue. He worked while others
-slept and in the moon of nesting birds it was finished.
-</p>
-<p>“Then Chief Ebbetts gave a big potlatch to which all the people in the village were
-invited. The great totem pole was erected and for many days there was dancing and
-feasting. Around the camp fire the elders again told how Abraham Lincoln had stretched
-out his hands to them and saved them.
-</p>
-<p>“But,” and the Story Teller shook his head mournfully, “the ancient village of my
-people is now deserted. Their lodges are overgrown with weeds. Even our Abraham Lincoln
-totem is crumbling away.
-</p>
-<p>“In these days when men fly like birds and the voice travels swifter than an arrow
-to its mark, surely Alaska is no longer <span class="pageNum" id="xd31e383">[<a href="#xd31e383">23</a>]</span>thought a shak-nah-ahm (foreign) country, and our white chief in Washington will listen
-and grant the wish of his children that this island with the first statue ever erected
-to Abraham Lincoln be cared for so we may bring our children’s children to look upon
-it.”
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate11width"><img src="images/plate11.jpg" alt="“We shall erect a totem in honor of the great white chief, Lincoln”" width="331" height="720"><p class="figureHead">“We shall erect a totem in honor of the great white chief, Lincoln”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e388">[<a href="#xd31e388">24</a>]</span>
-</p>
-<div class="figure plate12width"><img src="images/plate12.jpg" alt="“He carves totem poles which tell the history of his people”" width="445" height="720"><p class="figureHead">“He carves totem poles which tell the history of his people”</p>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e393">[<a href="#xd31e393">25</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="artist" class="div1 last-child tale"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#artist.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i>A Native Alaskan Artist</i></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first">France has its Millet, Italy its Raphael, and the natives of Alaska look with almost
-equal pride upon their Tsimpsean artist, Henry S. Haldane. He does not know when he
-was born. It was long before Father Duncan brought his gift of the gospel to the Alaskan
-Indians. But no one can view the paintings of this self-taught native without feeling
-that—with proper training—the divine spark implanted in him would have brought rich
-fruitage.
-</p>
-<p>On the wall of Father Duncan’s church in Metlakatla hangs a picture of an open Bible.
-So perfect is it that you will have to look closely to see that it is painted on canvas.
-It is the work of this artist, painted over thirty years ago. A hundred years from
-now it will be preserved in our national museum as one of the most valuable of early
-Alaskan art treasures.
-</p>
-<p>“Christ’s Agony in Gethsemane” was recently painted by Haldane for the new Salvation
-Army Hall in Metlakatla, although he is now almost blind. The paintings of the Sun,
-Star, Moon and Rainbow Houses reproduced in this book are his work.
-</p>
-<p>The first native photographer in Alaska, unassisted, he acquired a knowledge of photography
-that for a time opened up to him an interesting field of work. But six years ago unkind
-Fate dealt him a cruel blow. Born blind in one eye, an accident made him almost blind
-in the other eye. While chopping wood a chip struck the eyeball, hopelessly injuring
-it.
-</p>
-<p>Still the urge to create is strong within him. With amazing perfection of detail and
-color he paints pictures and carves the totem poles which portray so vividly the history
-and legends of the Alaskan Indians.
-</p>
-<p class="trailer center">The End</p>
-<p><span class="pageNum" id="xd31e404">[<a href="#xd31e404">26</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="back">
-<div id="distances" class="div1 appendix"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#distances.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><i>Distances from Ketchikan</i></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="first"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<h4 class="tablecaption">SOUTH</h4>
-<table class="xd31e410">
-<thead>
-<tr class="label">
-<td class="cellHeadLeft cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom"> </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellHeadRight cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">Miles</td>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">San Diego, California </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 1841</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Los Angeles, California </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 1775</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">San Francisco, California </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 1359</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Portland, Oregon </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 917</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Seattle, Washington </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 662</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Tacoma, Washington </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 687</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Port Townsend, Washington </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 624</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Vancouver, B.&nbsp;C. </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 528</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">Victoria, B.&nbsp;C. </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight cellBottom"> 590</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-</div><p>
-</p>
-<p></p>
-<div class="table">
-<h4 class="tablecaption">NORTH</h4>
-<table class="xd31e410">
-<thead>
-<tr class="label">
-<td class="cellHeadLeft cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom"> </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellHeadRight cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">Miles</td>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Nome, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 2620</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Unalaska, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 1687</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Unga, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 1387</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Kadiak, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 937</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Dawson, Y.&nbsp;T. </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 922</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Valdez, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 664</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Whitehorse, Y.&nbsp;T. </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 449</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Lituya Bay, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 390</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Porcupine City, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 365</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Skagway, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 337</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Haines, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 325</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Berners Bay, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 299</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Sitka, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 280</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Juneau, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 237</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Treadwell, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 224</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Petersburg, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 135</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">Wrangell, Alaska </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight cellBottom"> 90</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-</div><p>
-</p>
-<p></p>
-<div class="table">
-<h4 class="tablecaption">DISTANCES TO POINTS IN THE KETCHIKAN MINING DISTRICT BY MAIL STEAMER</h4>
-<table class="xd31e410">
-<thead>
-<tr class="label">
-<td class="cellHeadLeft cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom"> </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellHeadRight cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">Miles</td>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Coronation Island (Mining) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 150</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Klawak (Cannery) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 140</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Shakan (Marble Quarry) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 92</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Copper Mountain (Mining) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 92</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft"> (By portage) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 52</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Sulzer (Mining; by portage) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 46</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Wales Island (Cannery) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 62</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Unuk River (Mining) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 60</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Lincoln Rock (Lighthouse) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 58</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Hunter’s Bay (Cannery) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 79</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Bell Island Hot Springs </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 40</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Boca de Quadra (Cannery) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 40</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Tree Point (Light House) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 42</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Yes Bay (Cannery) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 40</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Hollis (Mining) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 39</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Tolstoi Bay (Mining) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 37</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Karta Bay (Mining) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight"> 30</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">Niblack (Mining) </td>
-<td class="xd31e413 cellRight cellBottom"> 30</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-</div><p>
-<span class="pageNum" id="xd31e665">[<a href="#xd31e665">27</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="divmap" class="div1 map"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#divmap.toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody">
-<p class="first"></p>
-<div class="figure mapwidth"><img src="images/map.png" alt="Map of Southeastern Alaska" width="720" height="494"><p class="figureHead">Map of Southeastern Alaska</p>
-</div><p>
-</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div1" id="toc">
-<h2 class="main">Table of Contents</h2>
-<table summary="Table of Contents">
-<tr id="intro.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#intro"><i><span class="sc">Indian Legends</span></i> From the Land of Al-ay-ek-sa</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#intro">4</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="tsow.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#tsow"><i>The Gift of “Tsow”</i></a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#tsow">5</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="gamble.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#gamble"><i>The Gamble Stick Game</i></a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#gamble">12</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="dance.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#dance"><i>The Great Peace Dance</i></a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#dance">14</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="fleas.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#fleas"><i>The Battle with the Sand Fleas</i></a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#fleas">18</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="lincoln.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#lincoln"><i>The First Lincoln Statue</i></a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#lincoln">21</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="artist.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#artist"><i>A Native Alaskan Artist</i></a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#artist">25</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="distances.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#distances"><i>Distances from Ketchikan</i></a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#distances">26</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr id="divmap.toc">
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#divmap">Map of Southeastern Alaska</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#divmap">27</a></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<div class="transcriberNote">
-<h2 class="main">Colophon</h2>
-<h3 class="main">Availability</h3>
-<p class="first">This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project
-Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at <a class="seclink xd31e44" title="External link" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/">www.gutenberg.org</a>.
-</p>
-<p>This eBook is produced by the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at <a class="seclink xd31e44" title="External link" href="https://www.pgdp.net/">www.pgdp.net</a>.
-</p>
-<h3 class="main">Metadata</h3>
-<table class="colophonMetadata" summary="Metadata">
-<tr>
-<td><b>Title:</b></td>
-<td>Indian legends from the land of Al-ay-ek-sa</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Author:</b></td>
-<td>Harriet Rossiter</td>
-<td>Info <span class="externalUrl">https://viaf.org/viaf/98780566/</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Photographer:</b></td>
-<td>F. J. Hunt</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>File generation date:</b></td>
-<td>2022-05-29 17:30:28 UTC</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Language:</b></td>
-<td>English</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Original publication date:</b></td>
-<td>1925</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Keywords:</b></td>
-<td>Indians of North America -- Alaska -- Legends</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-<h3 class="main">Revision History</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>2022-05-29 Started.
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h3 class="main">Corrections</h3>
-<p>The following corrections have been applied to the text:</p>
-<table class="correctionTable" summary="Overview of corrections applied to the text.">
-<tr>
-<th>Page</th>
-<th>Source</th>
-<th>Correction</th>
-<th>Edit distance</th>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e256">12</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Ieft-Handed</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Left-Handed</td>
-<td class="bottom">1</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e286">14</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-[<i>Not in source</i>]
-</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">”</td>
-<td class="bottom">1</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e307">16</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Tsimpseams</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Tsimpseans</td>
-<td class="bottom">1</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e310">16</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">f</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">of</td>
-<td class="bottom">1</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDIAN LEGENDS FROM THE LAND OF AL-AY-EK-SA ***</div>
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