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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8950706 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #66643 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/66643) diff --git a/old/66643-0.txt b/old/66643-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 545b00a..0000000 --- a/old/66643-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2285 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Byliny Book, by Marion Chilton Harrison - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Byliny Book - Hero Tales of Russia - -Author: Marion Chilton Harrison - -Illustrator: Mrs Hugh Stewart - -Release Date: November 1, 2021 [eBook #66643] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading - Team at https://www.pgdp.net/ for Project Gutenberg (This file - was produced from images generously made available by The - Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BYLINY BOOK *** - - - - BYLINY BOOK - HERO TALES OF RUSSIA - - - Told from the Russian by - MARION CHILTON HARRISON - - With Illustrations by - MRS. HUGH STEWART - - - CAMBRIDGE: - W. HEFFER & SONS LTD. - 1915 - - - - - - - - -PREFACE. - - -This is a Byliny Book. What does “Byliny” mean? It is a Russian word, -and it means stories about What-has-Been, what happened in Russia in -the old days long ago. We all read about the Greek heroes Jason and -Perseus and Theseus and Heracles. The Russians had splendid heroes too, -who met with wonderful adventures. Russia and France and Italy and -England are fighting side by side a great fight for freedom, and these -old heroes of Russia fought for freedom too, against great barbarian -armies of Huns and Tartars. The Russians are our brave friends, our -“Allies,” as we call them now, and it is good to get to know about -their heroes of olden times. - -We all know and honour our French Allies, and most of us try to speak -French. We are proud to read in history how our William the Conqueror -came over from France and brought with him many good laws and customs, -and, best of all, beautiful French words that have now become -English—why, the very word beauty came to us from France. But Russia is -much further away than France, and very few of us learn to speak -Russian, or even to read it. - -Far the best way to get to know people is to learn their language, but -it is not quite so easy to learn to read Russian as it is to read -French, because the Russians use different letters. You will see -Russian letters in the pictures [1]; they are beautiful, delightful -things and some of them are like English, so it is exciting to try and -make them out, but some of them are like Greek, for the Russians always -liked the Greeks better than the Romans. - -The Russian names of the heroes look a little strange at first, but -they are not really hard to pronounce. There are a great many Russian -heroes, but this book only tells about four of them, Volgá and Mikúla -and Svyatogór and Ilyá. The Volgá is quite short and easy, and so is -Mikúla, which is pronounced as if it was written Mikóolla. Svyatogór -looks rather hard, but you only have to remember to say it like -this—Svyătăgórr, and you must roll the r’s as if you were a Scotsman. -The Russians put the accent on the end of their words much oftener than -the English. We say Ī́-văn and they say Eeváhn. And so it is with the -last hero, Ilyá; he is pronounced Eelyā́h. Besides the heroes, there is -Vladímir the king, and he is called Vladéemir. The only really hard -word to say right is Byliny itself, and that you can call Bwĭléeny, but -our English lips do not make quite the Russian sound. - -These heroes Volgá and Ilyá and the rest lived very long ago, and their -great city was not Petrograd but Kiev (Kieff). Petrograd means “Peter’s -fortified town,” and we all know how till the war it used to be called -Peters-burg. But if you look on the map you will find no Petrograd, -only Kiev on the river Dnieper, which winds down to the Black Sea. The -old Russian heroes used to sail down the river on through the Black Sea -down to Constantinople, and there of course they met the Greeks, and -the Greeks taught them to be Christians. That was in the days of good -King Vladímir, and he was reigning before our William the Conqueror, -hundreds of years before Peter the Great came to Holland and England -and learnt to build boats, and made the great city of Petrograd. - -But though the heroes lived so long ago, they are never forgotten. The -Russian children in the village schools learn about Volgá and Ilyá as -soon as they can read, and old minstrels in far away villages beyond -lake Onéga and even in Siberia sing the Byliny, the songs of -What-has-Been to the peasants as they sit round the fire at night. I -have seen a picture of one of these singers, an old peasant over -seventy, with a long white beard and shaggy hair and bright deep-set -eyes. He could not write or read, and his voice was rather cracked, but -when he sang the old songs he was all on fire, and he sang them so -splendidly that the villagers crowded round to hear. The old men say -that the young ones will not learn to sing the songs because they are -gramotnye, “grammar-people,” who read books and learn to write—what a -pity. - -A learned Russian called Hilferding went to North Russia to live among -the peasants and listen to these stories. The peasants are very poor, -and are shy with strangers, but they learned to love and trust -Hilferding, and sang their songs to him. It is nice to know that he was -able to help the peasants, and get them a little more money and food. -Other learned men had been before Hilferding, but nearly all the -stories in this book were collected by him, so we like to remember his -name. - -It is the peasants who sing the Byliny, not the nobles, and two of the -greatest Russian heroes, Ilyá and Mikúla, are peasants’ sons. Mikúla is -a ploughman. It sounds strange to us that a ploughman should be a hero; -but the Russians did not feel like that. They love their land with all -their hearts. Some of it has very black fertile soil, but some of it is -very hard and full of stones, and sometimes of forests to be cleared, -and the man who does all this is a hero. The Russians sing a hymn to -the honour of Mikúla; it ends “Glory to thee, good Mikúla, the peasant -who worked.” In one of the pictures you see Volgá, the prince, come to -beg Mikúla to leave his plough and join his warriors. Mikúla was sad, -but a man must leave even his work to defend his country. Mikúla is my -favourite of all the heroes. - -The peasant heroes, Mikúla and great Ilyá, are very proud and -independent, and sometimes not very respectful to the King; they seem -to think they are as good as he is, and so they were. It is their -country they love, and their beautiful city of Kiev and its Church, and -in those old days they had not learned that the King stands for the -country. Ilyá is always wanting to get to Kiev; you see him on the -cover of this book, riding up to the Holy City. It is like Jerusalem to -him, and he was buried there. But though he dreams of the City, he -loves the place where he was born, near Múrom. Múrom is a real place -still, with forests round it and a river full of fish. The peasants in -the old days owned the land in common, so each village was like a -little kingdom. Ilyá hates the dog, King Kálin, because he slays the -villagers. - -Svyatogór’s name means Holy Mountain. He is very strong and huge, like -a mountain, but he is clumsy and rather boastful. He boasted he could -lift anything, but he soon found he couldn’t. At the end he stops -boasting, and is good to young Ilyá, and gives him all his strength, so -that makes up. - -The hero who really can do everything is Volgá. He was a prince, not a -peasant, and he was a mighty hunter, like Nimrod in the Bible; and he -was a wizard, too, and could turn himself into a grey wolf. Some people -said his father was a wolf, some said he was a serpent. The story says -“damp earth was his cradle,” and that sounds uncomfortable, but the -Russians always call the earth “damp earth.” They mean that the rain -has rained on it, and that it is not hard and dry, but full of sap like -the trees. Volgá learnt all his wisdom from the beasts and birds. S. -Francis used to preach to the birds, but Volgá let the beasts and birds -preach to him, and that is better, for the Bible says: - - - Ask now the beasts and they shall teach thee; - And the fowls of the air and they shall tell thee. - - -The first story is about Volgá, and in the first picture you see him -listening to a wise old Bear. - - - Jane Ellen Harrison. - - - -This book is for children, and is no place for bibliography, but we -should like to own our debt to three books. Chudinov’s Byliny in the -“Russian School Library” was our first introduction (in Russian) to the -hero-tales; but for Rambaud’s La Russie Épique it would have been -difficult to put the stories together; and, last, to the kindness of -Mr. E. T. Minns we are indebted for the loan of Hilferding’s invaluable -Sbornik, now out of print, and not easily obtainable during the War. - - M. C. H. - J. E. H. - - - - - - - - -CONTENTS. - - - Page. - - I. The Story of Volgá 1 - II. Mikúla the Villager’s Son 8 - III. Svyatogór 15 - IV. Svyatogór and Ilyá of Múrom 17 - V. Ilyá of Múrom and Nightingale the Robber 30 - VI. The Three Ways 46 - VII. Ilyá of Múrom and King Kálin 50 - - - -CHARACTERS. - - - Volgá, Son of Svyátoslav. - Mikúla, the Ploughman Hero. - Svyatogór, the Hero. - Ilyá of Múrom, Son of Iván. - Vladímir, Prince of Kiev. - Apráxia, his Daughter. - Nightingale, the Robber. - King Kálin, a Tartar King. - Samson, a Hero (Ilyá’s Godfather). - - - -ILLUSTRATIONS. - - - - Page. - - Volgá, Son of Buslav Frontispiece - Young Mikúla, the Villager’s Son 11 - Ilyá of Múrom, the Peasant’s Son 19 - Map of Ilyá’s Journeys 23 - He Shot Nightingale the Robber 37 - Ilyá came to Kiev Town 41 - A Feast of Honour was Spread 51 - There was the Old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom 57 - - -These titles are literal translations of the Russian inscriptions on -the illustrations. - - - - - - - - -HERO TALES OF RUSSIA. - - -I. - -THE STORY OF VOLGÁ. - - -The red sun was going down behind the high hills, behind the blue sea. -The countless stars showed themselves in the clear sky, and the bright -moon was shining in the heavens when Volgá the Hero was born in Holy -Russia. Damp Mother Earth was his cradle. The earth rocked, and there -was a great storm upon the blue sea, and the fish went down into the -deep sea, the birds flew up into the sky, the great aurochs and the -deer fled over the hills, the hares and rabbits ran into the thick -forest, and the wolves and bears fled away among the fir trees, sables -and martens escaped to the islands, because they knew that a hero was -born in Russia. - - - -When Volgá was an hour and a half old he spoke with a voice like -thunder, and said: - -“Come then, O Lady, my mother, young Márfa, put no baby-clothes upon -me, nor a sash of silk, but give me strong steel armour, and on my head -put a helmet of gold. In my right hand a club, a club made heavy with -lead of the weight of a hundred pounds.” - -When Volgá was seven years old his mother had him taught to read, and -she made him write with a pen. And from all the birds and beasts he -learnt their skill and wisdom and the different tongues of all, and he -understood the speech of all the beasts of the field and forest, and of -all the birds and fishes. - -When he was ten years old he learned much magic. First he learned to -turn himself into a bright falcon, and next he learned to turn himself -into a grey wolf, and the third thing he learned was to turn himself -into a brown aurochs, a brown aurochs with golden hoofs. - - - -When Volgá was seventeen he called his friends and companions together -and formed a bodyguard of thirty youths save one, and Volgá himself was -the thirtieth. He was their Chief, and took them with him on his -journeys. He provided for them all and gave them abundance of food and -drink, and of sugar sweetmeats many kinds. And warm clothes, too, he -gave them, fur coats made of the skins of marten and sable and of -panther. When his comrades slept Volgá slept not. Sometimes he turned -himself into a grey wolf and ran and leaped in the dark forest and -killed moose-deer and bears and wolves. Martens and panthers were his -favourite prey, and he spared neither hares nor foxes. And at other -times he turned himself into a bright falcon, flew far away over the -blue sea and killed geese and white swans, and the little grey ducks he -spared not. - -One day when he was at Kiev he called his body-guard: - -“My good brave comrades,” said he, “listen to your big brother, your -Chief. Bring a rope of silk and make a snare. Put it into the dark -forest and set the snare upon the damp earth so as to catch beasts of -the forest, and catch martens and foxes, black sables and other wild -beasts, and go on snaring them for three days and three nights.” - -They listened to their big brother, their Chief, and they did the thing -he had ordered. They took a rope of silk to the dark forest and set a -snare upon the damp earth, but they could not catch a single beast. -Then Volgá their Chief turned himself into a lion-beast. He leapt and -bounded on the damp earth, through the dark forest, and drove out -martens and foxes, black sables and other wild beasts, big bounding -hares and little ermines. And Volgá took his own form again, and became -a goodly youth. - -And again when he was at the town of Kiev with his body-guard of brave -youths he said: - -“My good comrades, my brave lads, listen to your big brother your -Chief. Take a snare of silk and set it in the dark forest at the very -tops of the trees, and with it catch geese, swans and bright falcons, -and little singing birds, and go on snaring them for three days and -three nights.” - -And they listened to their big brother their Chief. They did the thing -he ordered. They took a snare of silk, set the snare in the dark -forest, at the very tops of the trees, but they could not catch a -single bird. - -Volgá the Chief turned himself into an eagle. He flew up beneath the -clouds and struck down geese, swans, bright hawks, and little singing -birds. - -Again when they were at the town of Kiev, Volgá the Chief said: - -“Good comrades, my brave body-guard, listen to your big brother, your -Chief. Take sharp axes, good for cutting wood, and build a ship of oak; -take fishing nets of silk and go forth upon the blue sea, and fish for -all kinds of fish—salmon and white fish, pike and dace, and the most -precious fish—sturgeon, and go on fishing for three days and three -nights.” - -They listened to their big brother their Chief, and they did the thing -he ordered. They took sharp axes, good for cutting wood, and built a -ship of oak. They took fishing nets of silk, but they could not catch a -single fish. - -Volgá the Chief turned himself into a big pike and swam in the blue -sea. He sent up salmon and white sturgeon, pike and dace, and the -costly fish—sturgeon, and drove them into the nets of his men. - - - -And again, when he was at Kiev with his body-guard of good comrades, -Volgá the Chief said: - -“My good brave comrades, why should we not send to the country of the -Tartars to find out what the Cham is thinking of? For the Cham may be -thinking of something. And what if he were thinking of riding into Holy -Russia? Now, whom shall we send? If we send an old man he will go -slowly, and we shall have long to wait. If we send a middle-aged man he -will tarry and drink by the way; and if we send a boy he will stop and -play. It seems as if Volgá will have to go himself!” - - - -Then Volgá the Chief turned himself into a little bird and flew up -beneath the clouds. He flew on and soon came to the country of the -Tartars. He came to the house of the Tartar Cham and perched at the -Cham’s own window and listened to his secret talk. - - - -The Cham said to his wife: - -“Now I tell you, my Queen, I know what I know. In Russia the grass -grows not as it used to grow. The flowers bloom not as before. Volgá -must be dead and gone.” - -The Queen said: - -“Come now, Santal, Cham of Tartary, the grass grows in Russia just as -before. The flowers bloom in Russia just as before. I dreamed in the -night—in dreams one sees all things. It seemed that from the East, that -dear country, a bird was flying—a small singing bird—and from the -West—the old country—after the little bird there flew a black crow. -They flew together over the open plain, and they were pecking at each -other, and the little singing bird was pecking the black crow, and she -pulled out his feathers, and all were carried away on the wind.” - -And the Cham Santal of Tartary answered her: “Oh, my Queen! I am -thinking of riding soon to Holy Russia with my army, and I shall take -nine cities and give them to my nine sons, and for myself I shall bring -back a costly fur coat.” - -But the Queen said: - -“You will not take nine cities or give them to your nine sons, and you -will not bring back for yourself a costly fur coat!” - -The Cham of Tartary answered in a rage: - -“Oh, you old devil! You were dreaming and saw yourself in your dream!” - -And he struck her on her white face, and again he struck her on the -other cheek. He threw the Queen down upon the brick floor, and threw -her down a second time, and said: - -“I shall ride to Holy Russia; I shall take nine cities, and give them -to my nine sons; and for myself I shall bring back a costly fur coat.” - - - -Volgá the Chief flew down from the window-ledge to the ground and -turned himself into a grey wolf and jumped into the stable yard. He -picked out all the good horses and tore out the throat of every one. - -Then Volgá turned himself into a little ermine and slipped into the -armoury, where the Cham kept a great stock of weapons for his men. -Volgá broke all the tough bows, tore out the silken bow strings, -destroyed the sharp arrows, bit notches in the sharp swords, and bent -the steel maces into a bow. Then he turned himself again into a little -bird and soon flew back to Kiev town, where he turned himself back into -his own shape, and was once more a goodly youth. - -Volgá came to his body-guard of good comrades. - -“My brave comrades,” said he, “let us go to the land of the Tartars!” - -And they went to the land of the Tartars, and they took all the Tartar -army prisoners. - - - - - - - - -II. - -MIKÚLA THE VILLAGER’S SON. - - -Next we come to the story of Mikúla, the villager’s son, and how he -meets with Volgá and joins his band of heroes. Young Volgá had an uncle -who was a prince in the land, and the prince gave Volgá for his own -three towns, and the towns were to pay him a yearly tribute, and so he -set out with his body-guard of brave youths to collect this tribute. - -Volgá set out, and as he rode through the free and open plain he heard -a ploughman in the open field. The ploughman’s plough could be heard -scraping over the ground and scrunching over the stones, but the -ploughman and his plough were out of sight on the boundless plain. -Volgá rode towards the ploughman all day from morning till evening with -his brave body-guard, but he could not come up with the ploughman. And -Volgá rode on the whole of another day, another day from morning till -evening, but he could not come up with the ploughman. The ploughman was -ploughing the field and still drove on. The ploughman’s plough scraped -on and the ploughshare creaked over the stones, but still Volgá could -not come within sight of him, and on the third day Volgá and his -comrades rode from morning till midday, and at midday they came up with -the ploughman in the open field. The ploughman was ploughing in the -field, and on he drove. From edge to edge he swept the long furrows. -When he reached the edge of the field he could not see the other edge. -He cast out the stumps and stones, and all the large stones he piled up -in a trench. - -The ploughman had a light bay mare, and the stock of his plough was of -maple wood. His mare was harnessed with ropes of silk. - -When Volgá came up with the ploughman he spoke to him and said: - -“God help thee, good ploughman, to plough the field and till the -ground, and to do thy labour, to sweep the furrows from edge to edge of -the field, and to turn out the stumps and stones from the ground.” - -The ploughman looked at Volgá and said: - -“Here comes Volgá with his brave body-guard! Yes, I need the help of -God to do my peasant’s work! Is it far thou goest, Volgá, and whither -dost thou go with thy brave body-guard?” - -“Well, good ploughman, I am going to town to collect the tribute. First -I go to Gurchevitz town, and next I am going to Orechovitz, and then to -a third town, Krestyanovitz.” - -“Well, my Lord Volgá,” said the ploughman, “I was in town not long -since on my bay mare, and I brought away with me from the town two bags -of salt, only two bags of salt, each of fourteen hundred pounds weight, -and the peasants there are all thieves; they asked me for threepence -for toll. But I had my whip for the journey, and I paid them their toll -with my whip.” - -“Now come with me, good ploughman,” said Volgá, “come and join my -body-guard!” - -And the good ploughman straightway unfastened his ropes of silk, took -his mare from the plough, and got on her back. - -Volgá’s body-guard were all mounted on their good horses and were -setting off, but the ploughman stopped Volgá and said: - -“Now, Volgá, I left the plough in the furrow; would it not be better to -pull the plough out of the ground and shake the earth from the -ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom bush? Not for fear -of any passing travellers who might take it, but on account of the -good-for-nothings in the village who might meddle with my plough.” - -Young Volgá ordered five strong young men out of his brave body-guard -to pull the plough out of the ground, to shake the earth from the -ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom bush. The five -strong young men rode up to the plough of maple wood, they turned the -plough about by the shaft, but could not pull the plough out of the -ground, or shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the plough -behind the broom bush. - -Young Volgá then sent from his brave body-guard a whole half-score to -pull the plough out of the ground, to shake the earth from the -ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom bush. They turned -the plough round by the shaft, but could not pull the plough out of the -ground, or shake the earth from the ploughshare, or throw the plough -behind the broom bush. - -Young Volgá then sent his whole brave body-guard to pull the plough out -of the ground, shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the -plough behind the broom bush, but, though they tried their hardest, -they could not pull the plough out of the ground, or shake the earth -from the ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom bush. Then -the good ploughman came riding up upon his light bay mare to this -plough of maple wood. He took hold of the plough with one hand, pulled -the plough out of the ground, shook the earth from the ploughshare, and -threw the plough into the broom bush. - -Again they all mounted their good steeds and rode on. The ploughman’s -mare went on at a trot, but Volgá’s horse had to gallop to try to get -up to the ploughman’s mare, and Volgá’s horse was left behind. Volgá -began to wave his cap, and he shouted: - -“Stop, good ploughman. If that mare of yours were a horse, I would give -five hundred for that mare.” - -The ploughman answered him: - -“Stupid is Volgá, the son of Svyátoslav. I took the mare as a foal from -the dam, and I paid five hundred for that mare when she was a foal. If -the mare were a horse, she would be priceless!” - -Said Volgá, the son of Svyátoslav: - -“Here, good ploughman-farmer, by what name art thou called? What is thy -father’s name, and whence comest thou?” - -And the ploughman answered him: - -“Well now, Volgá, son of Svyátoslav, I plough the fields for rye, I -build my ricks, I stack my corn, I lead it home; when I’ve brought it -home, I grind the corn, I split wood, and I brew beer. When I have -brewed beer I give it to the peasants to drink. And the peasants call -me Young Mikúla, the villager’s son!” - - - - - - - - -III. - -SVYATOGÓR. - - -There was once a great Russian Hero who was so big and strong that no -one could stand up against him, and he fancied that with his great -strength he could do anything. - -One day he made up his mind to go out for a ride on the plain, the -great open plain in Russia, where one can ride for miles without seeing -anything but the long waving feather grass. - -He saddled and bridled his good horse, got upon his back and rode out -on the open plain. In his heart he was glad; yes, he was glad—yes, and -overflowing with strength, and he said to himself: - -“So strong do I feel that if I could find something to take hold of I -could lift up the whole world!” - -He rode on a long way and presently saw another man on horseback ahead -of him. The man did not look round, but he let fall a small wallet such -as a man often carries across his shoulder or across his horse. -Svyatogór saw it lying on the road and tried to push it away with the -end of his whip; it did not move. He bent over and touched the wallet -with his fingers, but he could not move it. He stooped down from his -horse and grasped the wallet with his hand, but he could not lift it. - -“Many years have I journeyed upon this earth,” said he, “but never have -I come upon so strange a thing. Such a wonder have I never seen. A -little wallet, a bag, that will not be pushed away, that cannot be -moved out of the way, and that cannot be lifted up!” - - - -The hero got off his good horse, stooped and grasped the bag with both -hands; he lifted it a little higher than his knees, but he sank down -into the earth as far as his knees, and, not tears, but blood, ran down -his white face, and as he sank down he could not rise again. - -The man who was riding in front turned round and rode back to him. - -Svyatogór asked: - -“What was in that wallet to make it so heavy?” - -The man answered: - -“The weight of the whole world.” - -“Who art thou?” asked Svyatogór. - -“I am Mikúla, the villager’s son.” - - - - - - - - -IV. - -SVYATOGÓR AND ILYÁ OF MÚROM. - - -Near the town of Múrom in Russia there lived long ago a farmer called -Iván, with his wife and family. He and his wife and his sons and -daughters worked hard in the fields, all but one son, Ilyá, who was -always sitting at home. For thirty years Ilyá had been sitting at home -because he could use neither hands nor feet. - -One day he was sitting by the window as usual, when two wandering -pilgrims came passing by. They were both too lame and old to work, but -they had made the pilgrimage to the Holy Land and now walked about the -country singing psalms and living upon the food and money that kind -folk gave them. They saw Ilyá at his window and called out: - -“Ilyá! Ilyá of Múrom, open wide the gate for the pilgrims; let us into -thy house.” - -Ilyá of Múrom answered: - -“Well now, good pilgrims, I cannot open the gate, for I have been -sitting here these thirty years. I can use neither hands nor feet.” - -Again the pilgrims called to him: - -“O Ilyá, rise up upon thy nimble feet. Open wide the gates and let the -pilgrims in to visit thee in thy house.” - -Ilyá stood up upon his feet, as though nothing ailed him. He opened -wide the gates and let the pilgrims into the house. They came in, -crossing themselves like good Russians, and bowed low when they were in -the room. - -“Pray give us a drink, Ilyá,” they said. - -Ilyá brought them a large bowl of honey drink; it held about a pailful -and a half, and he offered it to the pilgrims. They took it and drank, -and then offered it to Ilyá. He drank the bowlful and felt a rush of -warmth throughout his body, his hero’s heart burned within him. - -“What dost thou feel, O Ilyá?” asked the pilgrims. - -Ilyá bowed to the ground before the pilgrims and answered: - -“I feel great strength within me.” - -“Bring another drink, Ilyá,” said the pilgrims. - -And Ilyá brought another cupful, and offered it to the pilgrims. They -offered it to Ilyá, and Ilyá emptied the cup without drawing breath. - -“How dost thou feel now, Ilyá?” asked the pilgrims. - -“I feel great strength, but only half as much as before,” answered he. - -Then the wandering pilgrims said: - -“O Ilyá, thou wilt be a great hero, and it is not written that thou -shouldst die in battle. Fight thou with all the heroes and the bold -warrior women of the plain, and defend thyself against them; only go -not out to fight with the hero Svyatogór, for with his strength he -could carry the earth; and fight not with the hero Samson, for he has -upon his head seven hairs of angels; also fight not with the race of -Mikúla, for damp Mother Earth loves him. Neither go after Volgá, son of -Svyátoslav; he will overcome thee, not by force, but by craft and -wisdom. Now rise up, O Ilyá, mount thy horse, and ride out into the -free and open plain. Buy the first foal thou seest with its dam, and in -three months’ time thou mayst put on the saddle. Feed him on millet and -maize; walk him about for three months, then keep him for three nights -in the garden, and roll the foal three mornings in the dew. Lead him to -a high fence, and when he will readily leap the fence both from this -side and the other, then ride him where thou wilt, he will carry thee.” - - - -Then the pilgrims vanished, and presently Ilyá’s father and mother came -in from their work in the fields. His brother and sisters came in also -from their work, and his father and mother were glad indeed to see that -Ilyá could walk as if nothing had ever ailed him. Then from joy they -became sad again, and said: - -“Thirty years has Ilyá been sitting on the bench as if he had neither -hands nor feet!” - -And Ilyá said to his father: - -“Where have you been working to-day, father?” - -But his parents only said: - -“Glory to Thee, O Lord! Thirty years has Ilyá been sitting by the -stove, and was he not without hands or feet?” - -And Ilyá asked again: - -“But you, father and mother, where have you been working on the farm?” - -“Well, Ilyá,” answered his father, “we are working in the field by the -stream; we are clearing it for ploughing. It is the field three fields -from home.” - - - -After they had dined Ilyá said to his parents: - -“Now, dear father and mother, take me to the water meadow. Show me my -bit of work.” - -And his parents took him down to the water meadow, and Ilyá said: - -“Show me how far you will plough here,” and they showed him the -boundary and sat down to rest. - -But Ilyá seized the brushwood by handfuls and cut it down by the roots -and threw it all on to a pile on the edge of the field. And he worked -so hard and so fast that the field was cleared in a quarter of the time -that it would have taken his father to finish the work. The father and -mother were asleep, for they were tired by the long morning’s work, but -they awoke when Ilyá came towards them, saying: - -“Come, father and mother, is not your field well cleared for the -ploughing? Now I must say good-bye to home!” - -Then Ilyá saddled his good horse and put on the bridle, and his father -and mother gave him their farewell blessing. - -He rode away through the open plain till at last he came to a high -mountain. When he reached the high mountain he climbed up it and then -lay down to rest, and he slept for twelve days the sleep of a hero. -When he awoke he saw at a distance a white tent standing beneath a -tree. He mounted his horse again and rode a long way through the plain -towards the white tent. This tent stood beneath the shade of a great -green oak tree upon another hill. In the tent was a great bed seventy -feet long and forty-two feet wide. Ilyá tied up his horse to the oak -tree and lay down upon that hero’s bed, and went to sleep. Now the -sleep of a hero is sound, and Ilyá slept for three days and three -nights. - -On the third day his good horse heard a terrible noise from the north. -Mother Earth rocked, the dark forest shook, the rivers overflowed their -steep banks. Ilyá’s good horse struck the ground with his hoofs, but -could not waken Ilyá of Múrom. At last the horse spoke to him in a -human voice: - -“O Ilyá of Múrom! thou knowest not that danger is near thee. The hero -Svyatogór is coming to his tent. Let me loose that I may flee across -the open plain, and thou mayest climb up into the green oak tree.” - -Ilyá untied his horse’s bridle and set the good horse free to gallop -across the plain; and then he climbed up into the oak tree. From the -oak tree he saw the hero Svyatogór coming on his great horse. The hero -was taller than a standing forest, and his head nearly touched a moving -cloud. On his shoulder he carried a great chest of glass. He came down -from his horse and placed the chest on the ground and opened it with a -golden key. Out of the chest came the hero’s wife. So lovely was she -that no such beauty had ever been seen or heard of in the whole white -world. - -Very tall she was and elegant, and delicately did she walk. She had -eyes like the eyes of a bright falcon, eyebrows of black sable, and -waving black hair. As soon as she came out of the great chest she set -to work to lay the table for her husband’s dinner. She spread a bright -chequered table-cloth and took from the chest a bottle of honey drink -and a cup and sweetmeats full many, and placed them upon the chequered -cloth. - - - -After he had eaten and drunk, Svyatogór lay down to sleep on his great -bed in the tent, but his wife went to walk on the open plain. She -caught sight of Ilyá in the oak tree and would have him to come down -and talk to her. When her husband suddenly woke up she put Ilyá into -her husband’s pocket to hide him. Svyatogór stood up and put his wife -back into the glass chest and lifted it on to his shoulder again. He -called up his horse and got upon his back and set off to ride, but soon -the horse stumbled, and Svyatogór was vexed and asked why he was -stumbling. - -“This morning,” said the horse in a human voice, “I was carrying a hero -and a hero’s wife, but now I am carrying two heroes as well as the -hero’s wife.” - -Svyatogór looked round and saw no one, but putting his hand into his -pocket there he found Ilyá. The hero asked Ilyá whence he came. Ilyá -told him the truth, and Svyatogór was exceeding angry and killed his -wife for trying to deceive him. - - - -That Ilyá had dealt straightly pleased the hero Svyatogór, and there -arose a great friendship between them. Svyatogór exchanged crosses with -Ilyá in token of friendship, and called Ilyá his younger brother. He -taught Ilyá all the handling of weapons, how to use his mace and his -bow and arrows and spear in fighting, and also all the ways of travel -of the heroes. Ilyá had called up his good horse from the plain by a -loud whistle, and the two heroes, the old Svyatogór and the younger -Ilyá of Múrom, rode on together through the open plain till they came -to a great tomb built of stone. Upon the tomb was written these words:— - - - “He who is fated to lie in this tomb will exactly fit it.” - - -Ilyá lay down in the tomb, but it was too long and too wide for him, -and at once he sprang out of it. - -The giant hero Svyatogór lay down there, and the tomb just fitted him. - -“The tomb is just made for me,” said the hero. “Take the lid of the -tomb, Ilyá, and cover me.” - -Ilyá answered: - -“I will not take up the lid of the tomb, O, my big brother. I will not -cover thee. This is a foolish jest of thine—thou wilt bury thyself.” - -And Svyatogór took the lid and covered himself up in the tomb, but when -he tried to lift the lid off again he could not move it. He struggled -and strove to lift it, but could do nothing. Then he called to Ilyá: - -“O, my young brother! It seems that my fate has found me. I cannot -raise the lid. Try thou to lift it.” - -Ilyá of Múrom tried hard to raise the cover, but what could he do? - -Then said Svyatogór the hero: - -“Take my sword of steel and strike across the lid of the tomb.” - -Ilyá tried to lift Svyatogór’s great sword, but could not—it was too -heavy for him—and he had to say: - -“I cannot lift thy sword, O, my brother!” - -Svyatogór then called to him: - -“My little brother, bend down to this small chink in the tomb, and I -will breathe upon thee the spirit of a hero.” - -Ilyá bent down to the chink and Svyatogór the hero breathed upon him -his hero’s spirit. Ilyá felt that his former strength had become three -times as great as before. He took the sword of steel and struck a blow -across the lid of the tomb. By this blow sparks were struck, but on the -place where he struck the lid there grew a band of iron. - -The hero Svyatogór called to him again, saying: - -“My young brother, I am suffocating; try again to strike the lid -lengthwise.” - -Ilyá struck the cover lengthwise with the great sword, but again where -he struck there grew a band of iron. - -Then the hero Svyatogór spoke to him, saying: - -“My young brother, I am suffocating. Stoop down to the chink and I will -breathe upon thee and will give thee all my great strength.” - -But Ilyá answered: - -“If I had all thy strength, O, my big brother, Earth would not bear -me.” - -Then said the hero Svyatogór: - -“Thou hast done well, little brother, in that thou didst not do my last -bidding. I should have breathed upon thee with the breath of the dead, -and thou wouldst have lain dead by me. Now, farewell; take my sword of -steel, but lead my good horse to my tomb; none but I must own that -horse.” - -Then came from the chink the last breath of the hero. Ilyá said -farewell to his friend, girded on his sword of steel, but left the -hero’s horse by his master’s tomb, and he rode away into the free and -open plain. - - - - - - - - -V. - -ILYÁ OF MÚROM AND NIGHTINGALE THE ROBBER. - - The green oak bows not down to the earth, - Leaves of paper do not grow. - - -Ilyá had made up his mind to go to Kiev town to seek service with the -gracious Prince Vladímir, but before setting out on that long journey -he wished to see his father again and ask for his blessing, so he rode -back to Múrom and to his old home. He found his old father there and -greeted him, saying: - -“Come thou, my own dear Father! I am here to ask for thy blessing. I go -to glorious, royal Kiev town to pray at the sanctuary of Kiev and to -pledge myself to Vladímir the Prince, to serve him in faith and in -truth, and to uphold the Christian faith.” - -The old farmer Iván blessed Ilyá and said: - -“I give thee my blessing for the good work, but for evil work no -blessing I give. Go thou on the right road, and do no harm to any woman -whether she be Christian or Tartar.” - -Ilyá of Múrom bowed to the earth before his father, and said farewell -to his mother and his sisters and brothers, and then he mounted his -good horse and rode through the open plain. With his whip he struck his -horse on the curved hind quarter and his restive steed was wroth and -suddenly sprang from the earth and bounded higher than an upright tree, -almost as high as a moving cloud. At the first bound he passed twelve -miles, at the second bound he came to a well. By the well Ilyá cut down -a green oak tree, and beside the well he built a small chapel, and upon -the chapel he wrote his name, - - - ILYÁ OF MÚROM, SON OF IVÁN, - - -so that if some strong and mighty hero should ride that way, he should -know the name of the builder of that chapel. - - - -At the third bound Ilyá’s horse brought him to the town of Chérnigov. -Near Chérnigov there stood a countless host of Tartars, and at their -head were three Princes, each with the strength of forty thousand. On -seeing this vast horde the hero’s heart grew hot within him, and he -could not control his longing to fight. His heart was filled with -fires, and it burned too as if scorched by frost. Then he spoke and -said: - -“I desire not to go against my father’s wish, or knowingly to disregard -his command.” - -Then he took in his hand his battle-sword and taught it to take a walk -through the army. Where he turned, it opened out a street, and when he -turned round there was a great open space. Ilyá made his way to the -three princes, and spoke thus to them: - -“Come, my three king’s sons! Shall I take you away as prisoners, or -shall I cut off your warlike heads? If I take you away as prisoners, I -must travel over roads that I know not and must carry bread, but if I -take off your heads the kingly race will be destroyed. If you will go -home to your own country, you will spread such report of me that it -will be known all over Russia, and you will tell it everywhere that in -Holy Russia there are strong and mighty heroes.” - -The Governor of Chérnigov saw Ilyá and said: - -“This Lord has vanquished our tyrant and cleansed our glorious city of -Chérnigov,” and he spoke to his princes and nobles and said: - -“Go ye and call in this goodly hero to eat bread and salt with me.” - -And the princes and nobles came forth to greet Ilyá of Múrom and said: - -“Come now, thou stalwart and goodly hero, and tell us by what honoured -name thou art called, and what is thy renowned father’s name?” - -“They call me by the name of Ilyá, but I am honoured as the son of -Iván,” said Ilyá. - -“Come, Ilyá of Múrom,” said the princes and nobles, “come to our -Governor, he sends us to invite thee to eat bread and salt with him.” - -But Ilyá wished to be on the way to Kiev and answered with little -ceremony: - -“I will not come to your Governor; I wish not to eat bread and salt -with him. Show me the straight road to glorious, royal Kiev town.” - -So they had to let him go on his way, and they showed him the straight -road to Kiev across the open plain. - -Farther, farther upon on the open plain waves the feather grass in the -breeze, and there upon the open plain, among old folk, mothers and men, -rode the Old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, and the horse he rode was like a -fierce wild beast and he himself like a bright falcon. - - - -Now the old hero carried no money, only seven thousand golden ducats -had he with him, and of small money, forty thousand pieces. And the -horse the hero rode was priceless. Why was the hero’s horse priceless? -Because these was no price for the horse. - - - -When he came to a river he looked for no ford. Now the river was a full -mile wide, but the good steed leapt from bank to bank. Then Ilyá saw a -village near by and the villagers—brigands, as we say in our Russian -tongue—rode out after the hero. They swept round him and tried to rob -him, tried to part him from his life and soul. - -Then said Ilyá of Múrom, son of Iván: - -“Oh come, brother villagers, no reason have ye to kill an old man like -me. And ye shall take nothing from the old man.” - -He took from his saddle his tough bow and brought out from his quiver a -sharp arrow. He bent his bow and fitted the arrow to the silken string, -and shot—not at the village folk—brigands though they were—for he would -have been loth to slay them, but he shot at the green oak tree; and the -bowstring sang in the tough bow, the villagers fell from their horses, -the arrow struck the crackling green oak tree and shattered the oak -into chips and shavings. By this heroic deed of thunder the brigand -villagers were filled with fear, and for five hours they lay without -sense, and Ilyá made sport of them. - -“Come, come, good youths, you village brigands! Why do you lie half the -night there upon the damp earth? Why go off to sleep and sleep half the -night? On my way here I passed many people both on horseback and on -foot; you have let many a good chance escape you.” - -The goodly youths stood up upon their nimble feet and threw themselves -at Ilyá’s feet and said: - -“O thou brave hero! come and join our band and be thou our chieftain.” - -The good hero, Ilyá of Múrom, answered them: - -“I desire not to join your band; I am on my way to Kiev town, to -Vladímir the Prince, to help him, and to fight and defend him.” - - - -The bold hero rode on through the open plain till he came to a pillar -of white oak. On the pillar this writing was written: - - - “To ride straight on—only five hundred miles, - But making a round—seven hundred miles.” - - -Ilyá looked at this writing and said: - -“If I ride straight, I shall cease to live; this way I can neither ride -nor walk nor fly. Nightingale the Robber sits in his nest upon the -seven oaks, and the robber-dog will seize me at the seventh mile.” - -Ilyá stood still to think what he should do. - -“The straight horse-road is broken up, the little bridge of white hazel -is broken down. It would be no honour to me, or glory to my knighthood -to ride by that roundabout way. It is better to ride by the straight -road.” - - - -At once he got down from his good steed; with one hand he led his -horse, while with the other he put planks across the stream for a -bridge—that bridge of white hazel. - -The straight road he mended, and he rode on till he came near the clump -of seven oak trees upon which Nightingale the Robber had built his -great nest. - - - -Nightingale the Robber was sitting upon his nest of twisted boughs upon -the seven oak trees, and Ilyá rode up to the oak trees. The robber-dog -tried to seize him just as he had come to the seventh mile, and -Nightingale the Robber roared like a wild aurochs, and the villain -whistled like a nightingale, and the robber-dog howled like a dog. - - - -And at these sounds Ilyá’s good steed fell upon his knees with terror -at the roar of the aurochs, and the whistle of the nightingale, and the -dog-like howling of the robber-dog. Ilyá struck his horse between the -ears and also struck him upon the flank, saying: - -“Oh thou food for wolves, thou grass-bag! Hast thou never heard the -roar of an aurochs? and hast thou never heard the whistle of a -nightingale, and the howling of a robber-dog?” - -The hero did not sit still but quickly bent his strong bow, took a -sharp arrow from his quiver and shot the arrow at Nightingale the -Robber as he sat there in his nest on the seven oak trees. The arrow -hit Nightingale the Robber in the right eye and came out at the left -ear, and Nightingale the Robber fell from his nest down upon the damp -earth. - - - -Then Ilyá took Nightingale the Robber and tied him to his Circassian -stirrup and made him walk beside the horse towards Kiev town. Presently -they came to the house of Nightingale the Robber. It was a big house in -a large yard, and round the yard was a high iron fence with spikes on -the railings, and upon every spike was set the head of a hero; for -Nightingale the Robber killed all that passed that way. - - - -Nightingale’s children caught sight of their father and called out: - -“Look! father is bringing a man.” - -And Nightingale’s young wife looked from the window and said: - -“A strange man is carrying off your dear father.” - -And she called to some men who were idling about the yard and said: - -“Will you not take him from this wanderer on the road? Is your dear -father nothing to you? He has fallen into the power of this horseman. -It would be better to take a cup full of red gold, and another of pure -silver, and a third cup full of round pearls. Go now and offer them as -a ransom. Speak to this horseman and persuade him. Coax him and talk -him over so that he may release Nightingale.” - -And they rushed into the house, and Nightingale’s wife took the keys -and went down to the deep vaults where all Nightingale’s treasure was -stored, and they filled a cup full of red gold, and another with pure -silver, and a third with round pearls, and they went out to Ilyá with -flattering words and tried to coax him and talk him over, saying: - -“O thou bold hero, good youth, give us back our dear father and we will -give thee gold and silver!” - - - -Ilyá received these messengers and talked to them thus: - -“Look here, brothers, you who work for gain, I will not give you your -dear father; he would only turn brigand again and rob the travellers -passing this way.” - - - -And Ilyá rode on to Kiev town with Nightingale the Robber by his side, -still tied to the stirrup so that he could not run away. Ilyá hurried -on, for he would fain be at Kiev in time for the service on Easter -morning; but he could not get there in time. When he reached Kiev he -rode into the wide courtyard of the Prince’s palace. He tied up his -good horse to the gold ring on a carven pillar, but did not take off -either the saddle or the bridle, and he left Nightingale the Robber -still tied to the stirrup. - -Then Ilyá walked quickly through the new entrance, through the guard -room and into the hall. There he crossed himself like a good Russian, -and made his bow as he came into the hall. The steward of Vladímir the -Prince he greeted, and asked him: - -“Where is the Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev?” - -“Prince Vladímir has gone to Mass,” was the answer. - -Ilyá sat down on the plain wooden bench to wait, and in a short time -Prince Vladímir came in with his nobles and attendants from the Easter -service. - -Then they all gave greetings one to the other, and each hero greeted -the other, and Vladímir spoke to Ilyá and said: - -“All hail to thee, brave youth, I know not thy name or thy father’s -name. Art thou a Tsar or a Tsar’s son? Art thou a king or a king’s -son?” - -Ilyá answered and said: - -“I am from the town of Múrom. I am the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom.” - -And they all sat down at the table to eat bread, and they carved and -ate white swans, and Ilyá began to talk and to boast of what he had -done. - -“I am a brave hero, I have been riding through the eve of Easter Day. I -would fain have been in time for the Easter Mass, but I could not get -here in time for Easter morning, for the hour was past. I rode here by -the straight road, and when I reached the green oaks, Nightingale the -Robber was sitting upon the seven oaks. That ill-doer used to seize -upon every one for seven miles round. When I came near the oaks -Nightingale roared like a wild aurochs, and the villain whistled like a -nightingale, and the robber-dog howled like a dog. Then my good horse -fell upon his knees with fear, but I took out my tough bow, set the -sharp arrow, and shot Nightingale the Robber. I shot the villain -through the right eye, and the arrow came out by the left ear. Then -Nightingale fell upon the damp earth, and I took the robber and -fastened him to my Circassian stirrup and brought the villain with me.” - -Vladímir the Prince looked at Ilyá and said: - -“It seems to me, my bold youth, that there must be a big tavern in this -country! Hast thou been drinking strong drink? Art thou not making -empty boasts, good hero?” - -Ilyá’s wrath grew hot within him, and angrily he said: - -“Thou it is who art the fool, O Prince of royal Kiev! I have -Nightingale the Robber here, tied to my Circassian stirrup.” - -Then all sprang up and rushed out, hurried and stumbled against each -other as they ran out to see Nightingale the Robber. They all spoke and -shouted together and called out to him: - -“O thou Nightingale the Robber! Roar, O Nightingale, like an aurochs! -Thou evil doer, whistle like a nightingale! O thou robber-dog, howl -like a dog!” - -Nightingale the Robber looked up and said: - -“With you I neither eat nor drink, and I will not obey you.” - - - -At once the crowd of courtiers turned back to the hall and came to Ilyá -of Múrom, bowed low to him and craved their boon: - -“O Ilyá of Múrom, we beg thee to make Nightingale the Robber roar like -an aurochs, and make the villain whistle like a nightingale, and make -the robber-dog howl like a dog.” - -And Ilyá spoke to the Prince and said: - -“O Vladímir, Prince of royal Kiev! Nightingale’s lips are now sealed -together and his mouth is filled with dried blood, for my arrow went -through his right eye and it came out by the left ear. Pray let a bowl -of strong drink be poured out for him—a bowl weighing half a -hundredweight, a bowl holding four gallons, and let it be given to -Nightingale.” - -And they poured him out a bowl of strong drink—a bowl weighing half a -hundredweight, a bowl holding four gallons; and they took it to -Nightingale the Robber. He took the bowl in one hand, drank off the -bowl of strong drink at one draught, and spoke these words: - -“Pour out another bowl of strong beer—a bowl weighing half a -hundredweight, a bowl holding four gallons, and pour out a third bowl -of sweet mead—a bowl weighing half a hundredweight, a bowl holding four -gallons.” - -And they poured out a bowlful of strong beer, and they poured out a -bowlful of sweet mead and brought both to Nightingale the Robber. He -took the bowl with one hand and drank off the bowlful at one draught. -And then Nightingale the Robber was drunken, and Ilyá of Múrom said to -him: - -“Now, Nightingale! Roar, thou robber, like an aurochs; whistle, O -villain, like a nightingale; and howl, O dog, like a dog.” - -And Nightingale the Robber roared like an aurochs, the villain whistled -like a nightingale, and the robber-dog howled like a dog. - - - -Princes and nobles all lay for dead, but Vladímir the Prince of royal -Kiev stood up straight and went up to Ilyá, for the Prince had a boon -to ask: - -“Silence Nightingale the Robber, lest he whistle again like a -nightingale, and my nobles leave me here alone.” - - - - - - - - -VI. - -THE THREE WAYS. - - -One day Ilyá set off on his good horse for a ride. He rode a long way -through the open plain till he came to the Burning Stone. Three lengths -beyond the stone there were three paths leading this way and that from -the Burning Stone, and upon the stone was written: - - - “Who goes by the first path will be killed. - Who goes by the second path will find marriage. - Who goes by the third path will become rich.” - - -He stopped to consider: - -“By which path shall I go? Why should a bold hero want to be rich? Why -should I want to marry? I will take the way to be killed.” - -So he took that way and rode on for three hours, and he rode three -hundred miles, and then he came to a hill, and at that hill, that high -hill, brigands began to come up, and there came up forty thousand -brigands. They began to defy our bold hero, and the brave Cossack spoke -and hailed them: - -“Come, you forty thousand robbers! What will you take from me, the bold -hero? I have not many chests of uncounted gold, I have no beautiful -young wives, I have no fine clothes, I have nothing but a good horse, a -good horse which cost three hundred; on the horse are trappings worth -five hundred; on myself a hero’s gear worth a cool thousand.” - -When he drew his iron mace of three tons weight, he began to defy the -robbers, and he killed the forty thousand robbers. - - - -Then the bold hero turned back, and when he reached the Burning Stone -he altered the writing thus: - - - “If thou goest by this road thou wilt not be killed.” - - -And he said: - -“I shall go by the road to marriage.” - -So Ilyá took the second path and rode on for just three hundred miles. -He rode on always through the plain, that open plain, through the open -plain, the green meadow, through those open plains and through green -meadows till he came to a wonderful and a strange thing. If we called -it a town it would be too small; if we called it a village it would -seem too large, but there stood a palace built of white stone. When -Ilyá reached the broad palace yard there came a most beautiful young -princess from the palace of white stone. She came to meet the brave -hero and took him by his white hands, kissed him with her sweet lips, -led him into the white stone palace, and made him sit down at the oaken -table, where a feast was spread. Ilyá ate and drank in plenty, and -stuffed himself the whole day long till evening, when he rose up from -the oaken table and spoke to the princess and said: - -“O thou enchanting and beautiful lady, where are thy warm sleeping -chambers? Where are the beds of carved wood? Where are the soft feather -beds? I am an old man and weary, and I would fain sleep.” - -And the princess led him to a warm chamber, but the old man stood by -the bed and shook his head and said: - -“Much have I travelled through Holy Russia, but so strange a thing have -I never seen. It seems to me that that bed is a trap.” - -Suddenly he seized the princess by her white hands and threw her -against the brick wall against which the bed stood. The bed of carved -wood turned over and the princess fell down into a deep dungeon below. - -The old Cossack walked out of the palace, and outside he found the door -of the deep dungeon. Then he took the golden keys, went on and unlocked -the deep dungeon and set free many goodly youths and brave, and many -strong and mighty heroes, but the beautiful and wicked enchantress was -killed. And all the rich treasure which Ilyá found there in that white -stone palace he bestowed on the good youths and brave, and on the -strong and mighty heroes. But that white stone palace he gave to the -flames. - -And then our bold hero rode back again, and when he came to the Burning -Stone he again altered the graven letters and wrote: - - - “By that way I went—I was not married.” - - -“I go,” said he, “by the third path, where one will become rich.” - -And on he rode for three hours, three hundred miles he rode, and again -he rode through the plain, the open plain, the meadow, the green -meadow, to a place where there were sunk deep pits in the ground, all -piled up with red gold—red gold, pure silver, and fine round pearls. - -Ilyá looked at the gold and said: - -“What has a bold hero to do with these riches, with this treasure of -much uncounted gold?” - - - -He began to consider: and then he took enough of this treasure in this -plain, this open plain, to build an abbey for prayers to God. He built -a church, a minster church, ordered the singing of psalms and the -ringing of bells, and then Ilyá said: - -“Let him whose treasure it was go and look for it!” - -And then the bold hero turned back again; again he rode to that Burning -Stone; again he wrote beneath that inscription: - - - “Though I rode by that path, I became not rich.” - - - - - - - - -VII. - -ILYÁ OF MÚROM AND KING KÁLIN. - - -In the palace of the gracious Prince Vladímir, in royal Kiev town, a -great feast of honour was spread for many princes and nobles and for -the strong and mighty heroes and their bold followers, men of the -plains, and for the stranger merchants and traders. - -The Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir himself, took his pleasure there, and -gave rich gifts to his guests. To some he gave towns, and to others he -gave small towns, to some he gave villages, and to others he gave -hamlets, and to Ilyá of Múrom he gave a coat of marten fur with a -collar of sable. - -But Ilyá received not the fur coat as an honour; he received it without -respect and praised it not. He took the fur coat into the kitchen and -dragged the fur coat about the kitchen floor. Yes, and thus he talked -to the fur coat: - -“Just as I drag about this fur coat, so will I drag about that serpent, -King Kálin, by his yellow curls. And just as I pour strong drink upon -this fur coat, his heart shall pour forth his hot blood.” - -And there was a dark-haired maid there, and she reported the matter to -Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir, and said: - -“O Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir! When Ilyá of Múrom was in my kitchen, he -dragged about the coat of marten fur; yes, and he said to the fur coat: - -“Just as I drag this fur coat about, so will I drag Prince Vladímir -about by his yellow curly hair, and, just as I pour strong drink upon -the fur coat—yes, he himself said it to the fur coat—the Fair Sun, -Prince Vladímir’s hot blood shall be poured out by my white hands.” - -And the Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir, grew angry, and he cried out in a -loud voice: - -“Come, my strong and mighty heroes, take Ilyá away to the dungeon, and -put an iron grating there and cover it over with logs of oak; yes, and -bury him with yellow sand.” - -And the heroes came to Ilyá and said: - -“Now, old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! Fair Sun Vladímir, the Prince, has -ordered us to put thee in a deep dungeon, and to put an iron grating -there, and to cover it all over with oak logs, yes, and to bury thee -with yellow sand.” - -And Ilyá spoke to them and said: - -“Now, what will ye do with me?” - -And the heroes said: - -“There is no sun in the heavens. Not one hero in Holy Russia. Old -Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! O that we might take thee out of this bitter -captivity! Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir, makes us turn pale.” - - - -Then Ilyá mounted his good horse and rode to Kiev town. He rode not -into Kiev town, but he rode to the deep dungeon. - -He got down from his good horse, took off the Circassian saddle, took -off the braided bridle and let his brown horse go where God willed. - -Then Ilyá was let down into the deep dungeon, and they put a grating -over; they put it above him and placed oak logs all over it, and buried -him with yellow sand. - - - -Now the glorious Prince Vladímir had an only daughter, and she saw that -this was no small matter that Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev town had -put the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, into that cold dungeon. For it -might be that he alone would be able to defend the Faith and Country; -that he alone might defend Kiev town; that he alone might defend the -Minster Church, might protect Vladímir the Prince and the Princess -Apráxia. - -So the Princess caused a deep trench to be dug to reach the dungeon of -the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom. And she commanded that false keys -should be made; and she sent people secretly to take to the cold -dungeon pillows of down and feather beds, and ordered them to take warm -coverlets too, and changes of clothing, and to provide delicate food -for the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom. But of this had Vladímir the Prince -no knowledge. - - - -Now that dog, the Tartar King Kálin, burned to be at Kiev town. Even -royal Kiev town would he destroy, and all the peasants he would cut to -pieces, and would burn down the churches of God, and also cut off the -heads of Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia. - -And King Kálin, the dog, sent an envoy to royal Kiev town and gave him -a letter to deliver, and he said to the envoy: - -“When thou goest to royal Kiev town thou wilt be an ambassador in Kiev -town to the glorious Prince Vladímir. Therefore go to the broad -courtyard of the Prince’s palace, and dismount not, but ride in on thy -good steed. After thou hast ridden through the courtyard, then get down -off thy steed and go to the palace of white stone, and into the great -hall of white stone and into the dining hall. Go not humbly, but walk -in with a flourish through the five doors and take not thy cap from thy -head; but go up to the oaken table and stand opposite Prince Vladímir -and place the letter upon the golden table before him, and speak to -Prince Vladímir and say: - -“O Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev town! Take this letter which is sent -to thee, and look at what is written in the letter and see what is -impressed upon it. Clean all thy arrow-straight streets and the Courts -of the Prince in all the town of Kiev, and in all the broad streets and -alleys of the princedom place sweet strong drinks, cask by cask -standing close together, for those who stand by the dog, King Kálin, -with his mighty warriors, in thy town of Kiev.” - -Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev took the letter sent to him, broke the -seal and looked at what was written therein, and he saw what was in the -letter: that he was commanded to clean the arrow-straight streets and -the great Courts of the Prince, and to place sweet strong drinks in all -the broad streets and all the alleys of the princedom. - -Then Vladímir, the Prince of royal Kiev, saw that this was no small -matter, but a great one, and he sat down in his writing-chair and a -humble letter wrote he. - - -“Thou dog, King Kálin! Give me the space of three years, give me three -years and three months, three months and also three days, that I may -clean the arrow-straight streets and the great Courts of the Prince, -and make sweet strong drinks and place them in the town of Kiev and in -all the broad streets and in in all the alleys of the glorious -princedom.” - - -The Prince sent off this humble letter to that dog, King Kálin. And the -dog, King Kálin gave him the space of three years, three years and -three months, three months and three days. And day after day the rain -it rained, and week after week it ran like a river, and the time went -by—the three years and three months and three days; and then came the -dog, King Kálin. Came beneath the town of Kiev with his great army. - -Then Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev began to walk up and down, and tears -of grief flowed from his bright eyes. With a kerchief of silk the -Prince wiped his eyes, and he spoke these words: - -“The old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, lives no longer, none is there to -defend the Faith and Country; none to defend the Church of God and Kiev -town; none to protect Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia!” - -Then came to him his dear daughter, and spoke to him these words: - -“O my dear father, Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev, the old Cossack, Ilyá -of Múrom, is yet alive, he is alive in the cold dungeon.” - - - -Then Prince Vladímir quickly brought the golden keys and went to the -cold dungeon, and soon unlocked the doors and opened the iron grating. -And there was the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, sitting there in the -dungeon, reading the Holy Gospels. - -And there were down pillows and feather beds, and warm coverlets had -been brought there, and changes of apparel and delicate food provided. - - - -And the Prince took Ilyá by his white hands and by his golden ring, and -led him from the cold dungeon, brought him to his white stone palace, -and placed him near himself. He kissed Ilyá and welcomed him, and -invited him to the oaken table, and gave him sugar sweetmeats to eat -and drink made from honey. Then spoke the Prince to Ilyá these words: - -“Old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! Taken is our town of Kiev. The dog, King -Kálin, has surrounded Kiev town with his great army. Do thou defend our -Faith and Country and glorious Kiev town, and defend the Church of the -Mother of God, and Vladímir thy Prince and the Princess Apráxia.” - - - -Then the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, went out from the palace of white -stone, and walked through the town of Kiev to his dwelling of white -stone. He asked for his beloved steed, and went to the broad yard and -into the stable, and looked at his good war horse. And Ilyá said: - -“My beloved steed! My trusty and unchanging servant! Well hast thou -been looked to, my hero horse.” - -He kissed him on his sweet mouth, led the good horse from the stable -stall and into the fine broad courtyard; and then the old Cossack began -to saddle his good horse there. Upon the horse he put a saddle-cloth, -and upon the saddle-cloth he laid a cloth of felt; now the saddle-cloth -was of silk, and upon the saddle-cloth he laid another cloth, and then -the Circassian saddle. But the Circassian saddle did not hold firmly, -and Ilyá fastened it by twelve girths of silk, and he drew them up with -steel pins. And he fixed on stirrups of steel and buckles of red -gold—not for show, but for heroic strength. Drawn up are the girths of -silk, and they break not; steel and iron bend, but break not; and the -buckles of red gold may get wet, but they rust not. - - - -Ilyá then got upon his good steed, and took with him his hero’s -weapons. His club of steel took he, and his grooved spear, his sharp -sabre also, and his whip for the journey. And Ilyá set out from the -town of Kiev and rode through the open plain, and up to the Tartar -army. And when he came near and saw that great host, and heard the -shouting of the men and the neighing of the horses, he began to lose -heart. And when the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom rode through the free -and open plain, he could not find out where the army ended. He leapt up -a high hill, looked round on all sides and looked down upon the Tartar -army; he could see no end or limit to it. - -He came down from that high hill and rode on through the free and open -plain, and he leapt up another high hill and looked towards the western -side and saw some white tents standing, and by the tents stood heroes’ -horses. He hastened down from that high hill and rode through the -freedom of the open plain, and he came to the white tents. And when -Ilyá got down from his good horse near the white tents, there stood the -heroes’ horses. They were standing by a white linen cloth, and on the -cloth millet and spring corn were scattered. - -Ilyá let the silken bridle hang loose on the neck of his good hero -horse and urged on his horse to the white linen, saying: - -“Pleasant indeed would it be to taste it, if the heroes’ horses will -allow him upon the white linen cloth to share the millet and spring -corn.” - -His good horse stood by the linen cloth and began to eat the millet and -spring corn, and the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom went to the white tent. -In the tent were twelve heroes, and the heroes were all Russian, and -they sat there eating bread and salt, and they were about to dine. - -And Ilyá went into the tent and said: - -“A good appetite to you, Heroes of Holy Russia, and to thee, Samson, my -dear godfather!” - -“Come here, my dear godson!” said his godfather. “Come, old Cossack, -Ilyá of Múrom. Sit down and eat with us.” - -And he stood up on his nimble feet to greet Ilyá of Múrom. And they -greeted each other and kissed each other, and he made Ilyá sit at their -table to eat bread and salt with them. Twelve heroes were they, and -Ilyá was the thirteenth. They all ate and drank, and when they had -dined they came away from the oaken table and made their prayer to God. - -Then the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, spoke and said: - -“My dear godfather, Samson, and you, O mighty Russian heroes! I pray -you saddle your good horses and ride out through the free and open -plain to glorious, royal Kiev town. For before our town of Kiev stands -that dog, King Kálin with his great army. He will lay waste royal Kiev -town and cut the peasants to pieces. He will send the churches of God -up in smoke; and as for Prince Vladímir and Apráxia the Princess, he -would cut off their turbulent heads. Now, come ye and defend the Faith -and country, and defend our glorious, royal Kiev town, and protect -Prince Vladímir and Apráxia the Princess.” - -And Samson, his godfather, answered him: - -“O my beloved godson, old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! We will not saddle -our horses and ride through the free and open plain to defend our Faith -and country, and defend royal Kiev town. We will not defend the -churches of God or protect Prince Vladímir and Apráxia the Princess. -For the Prince in truth has many princes and nobles, and he gives them -food and drink and rewards them. Nothing have we from Prince Vladímir.” - -“O Samson, my dear god-father,” said the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, -“this would be no good thing on our part, to stand apart when King -Kálin lays waste Kiev town, and cuts the peasants to pieces, and sends -the churches of God up in smoke, and cuts off the turbulent heads of -Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia. Come, saddle your good -horses and ride through the open plain to Kiev town, to defend the -Faith and country and glorious, royal Kiev, and to protect the churches -of God, and Vladímir the Prince with the Princess Apráxia.” - - - -But unavailing were Ilyá’s entreaties; not one hero would join him for -the defence of Kiev town against the Tartar King and his hosts. Nothing -had they from Prince Vladímir, so they would not help him. - -When Ilyá saw that he could not persuade them, he went out from the -white tent to his good hero-horse, took him by his silken bridle and -led him away from the white linen cloth, and from the millet and spring -corn. And Ilyá got upon his good steed and rode through the free and -open plain, and up to the great Tartar army. - - - -No bright falcon is this attacking geese and swans and nights of grey -ducks, but a Hero of Holy Russia, advancing to attack that great host -of Tartars. - -He urged on his heroic steed, and rode on through the Tartar army. He -began to ride over the Tartar soldiers and to trample them under his -horse’s feet, to tread them under foot and slay them with his spear. He -fought with that great army, and beat down men as if he were mowing -grass. - -His good heroic horse spoke to him in human tongue: - -“Come, thou glorious hero of Holy Russia! If thou dost trample down the -Tartars, thou canst not by thyself conquer this great army. Ride thou -up to that dog, King Kálin, and to that great host of soldiers. With -him are mighty heroes and bold warrior-women of the plains. That dog, -King Kálin has had three deep trenches made in the glorious open plain. -When thou ridest on the free and open plain, thou wilt beat down many -men of the forces, and when we come to the deep trenches I shall leap -out of the first trench and will bear thee thence. When we come to the -next trench, I shall leap out and bear thee thence. But at the third -deep trench I shall leap out, but I shall not bear thee out of it; in -the deep trench wilt thou remain.” - -Now the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, liked not this thing. In his white -hand he took his whip with the lash of silk, and beat his horse upon -the ribs, and thus he spoke to his steed: - -“O thou faithless dog! I feed and water thee and provide for thee, and -thou wouldst leave me in the open plain, even in those deep trenches!” - -And Ilyá rode on through the free and open plain to that great army. -And he trampled men under foot and speared them with his spear, and -beat them down like mowing grass. - -And Ilyá’s strength grew no less, and when he came to the deep trench -his good horse leapt out again and bore Ilyá thence, and he urged on -his hero-horse through the free and open plain to that great army; and -again he trampled the Tartars under foot, and speared them and beat -them down like mowing grass. And Ilyá’s strength grew no less; he sat -his good horse and grew no older. And he cut his way through with his -hero-horse and fell into the second trench. His good steed leapt out -and bore Ilyá thence; and Ilyá again urged on his steed through the -free and open plain, and again he trampled men under foot and speared -them, and beat down Tartars like mowing grass. And Ilyá’s strength -became no less; he sat his good steed and grew no older; but he fell -into the third trench. He cut his way through the deep trench, and also -out of the third trench leapt his good heroic steed, but Ilyá he bore -not out thence, for Ilyá slipped off his good horse, and in the deep -trench he remained. - - - -And there came the Tartars running to catch the good horse, but the -heroic steed would not allow himself to be taken, but galloped away -through the open plain. - -Then came the pagan Tartars and fell upon the old Cossack, Ilyá of -Múrom, and they chained together his nimble feet, and bound his white -hands, and the Tartars said: - -“Cut off his turbulent head.” - -But some of the Tartars said: - -“There is no need to cut off his turbulent head; we will lead Ilyá to -the dog, King Kálin, and what he commands that must we do.” - -And they took Ilyá through the open plain to that pavilion of white -linen, and led him in to the dog, King Kálin, and placed him before the -King, and spoke thus to King Kálin: - -“Now, O King Kálin, we have taken the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, and -have brought him to thee, O King. Do to him as thou wilt.” - -Then the dog, King Kálin spoke to Ilyá, and said: - -“Now, thou old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! A young puppy have they let -loose against my great army! How couldst thou alone overcome my great -host? Unchain Ilyá’s nimble feet and unloose his white hands.” - -So the Tartars removed the bonds from his feet and hands, and the dog, -King Kálin said: - -“Now old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! Sit down with me at my table, and eat -of my sugar sweetmeats and drink of my honey drink. Wear my costly -garments, and take from my chest of gold what thou needest. Serve no -longer the Prince Vladímir, but serve the dog, King Kálin.” - -And Ilyá answered the King: - -“I will not sit at the same table with thee, nor eat thy sugar -sweetmeats, nor drink of thy honey drinks. I will not wear thy costly -garments, nor take gold from thy chest. I will not serve thee, thou -dog, King Kálin, but will serve my Faith and country, and defend the -churches of God and Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia.” - - - -Then went forth the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, from that tent of white -linen, into the free and open plain. And the pagan Tartars began to -press upon him and tried to surround him, hoping to gain possession of -the old Cossack’s gear. Ilyá saw that he must bestir himself, and he -seized a Tartar by his feet and began to swing him round, began to -strike the Tartars with the Tartar, till they began to flee from him. -And the old Cossack went thus through the whole Tartar army, and came -forth into the free and open plain, and cast the Tartar on one side. - - - -Then Ilyá walked on through the open plain, and he had neither horse -nor weapons, but he whistled a mighty whistle, and his good steed heard -him on the open plain, and galloped to the old Cossack his master. The -old Cossack, Ilyá got upon his good steed and rode on through the plain -till he came to a high hill, and he leapt up the hill and looked down -towards the west. And in the west near the white tents stood the good -horses of the heroes. Ilyá turned that way with his good war-horse. He -took his strong bow and bent it with his white hands. He tightened the -bowstring of silk, placed the sharp arrow, and into the white tent shot -he that arrow, saying: - -“Fly, O sharp arrow, fly to the white tent. Take the roof off the white -tent, and go, thou arrow, to the white breast of my godfather. Creep -thou into his breast and make a scratch, only a small scratch, a small -scratch, not a large one. He sleeps there and takes his ease, and -little can I do here alone.” - -And he let go the silken bowstring and sent off that sharp arrow, and -that sharp arrow whistled into that hero’s white tent. It took the roof -off the white tent and fell upon the white breast of Samson. It crept -into his white breast and made but a small prick, and Samson, the -renowned hero of Holy Russia, woke up from his deep sleep and opened -his bright eyes. Quickly he stood upon his nimble feet and cried: - -“Ho! my renowned heroes of Holy Russia! Quickly saddle your good horses -and mount them. From my beloved godson has flown a sharp arrow through -my glorious white tent. From my tent it took the roof, and the arrow -crept into my white breast, made a small prick, not a large one. The -cross at my neck preserved me, Samson, the cross at my neck weighing -forty stone. Had that cross not been upon my breast, my tempestuous -head would have been torn off.” - - - -Then all those heroes of Holy Russia quickly saddled their good horses -and rode through the open plain, towards Kiev town, to the Tartar army. - -And from the high hill the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, saw them, as -they rode their good horses. He came down from the high hill and rode -to meet the Russian heroes. Twelve in number were the heroes and Ilyá -was the thirteenth. - -They rode up to the Tartar host and pushed on their heroic steeds and -began to fight the Tartar army. And they were trampling on the great -army, and they came to the linen tent. - -And in the tent that dog, King Kálin was sitting, and the heroes said: - -“We will cut off the turbulent head of that dog, King Kálin.” - -“Why should we cut off his turbulent head?” said the old Cossack, Ilyá -of Múrom. “We will take him to royal Kiev town, to the glorious Prince -Vladímir.” - -So to the glorious Prince Vladímir at the royal town of Kiev they took -the dog, King Kálin. To the white stone palace they took him, and -Vladímir, Prince of royal Kiev, took that dog by his white hands and -made him sit at the oaken table, gave him sugar sweetmeats to eat and -honey drink to drink. - -And to Vladímir the Prince spoke King Kálin these words: - -“Come now, Vladímir, Prince of royal Kiev, do not cut off my warlike -head. We will write between us a great writing, and I, King Kálin, will -pay thee tribute for ever and ever—I to thee, Prince Vladímir!” - -And then in those good old times they all sang Glory! - - - -And so they had peace for a time, but fresh hordes of Tartars still -came, and the Russian heroes fought them, and sometimes the Russians -could not overcome the Tartars, and in one of these great fights Ilyá, -they say, was caught away from the fighting, and he was turned into -stone, and his good horse with him. - - - - - - - - -NOTE - - -[1] The Russian titles are translated in the List of Illustrations, p. -xv. - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BYLINY BOOK *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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-} -.tablecaption { -text-align: center; -} -.arab { font-family: Scheherazade, serif; } -.aran { font-family: 'Awami Nastaliq', serif; } -.grek { font-family: 'Charis SIL', serif; } -.hebr { font-family: Shlomo, 'Ezra SIL', serif; } -.syrc { font-family: 'Serto Jerusalem', serif; } -/* CSS rules generated from @rend attributes in TEI file */ -.cover-imagewidth { -width:480px; -} -.xd31e105 { -text-align:center; font-size:large; -} -.frontispiecewidth { -width:720px; -} -.titlepage-imagewidth { -width:498px; -} -.xd31e153 { -text-align:center; font-size:small; -} -.xd31e229 { -font-size:small; -} -.xd31e238 { -font-size:small; -} -.xd31e428 { -font-size:xxx-large; -} -.p011width { -width:720px; -} -.p019width { -width:720px; -} -.p023width { -width:493px; -} -.p037width { -width:499px; -} -.p041width { -width:522px; -} -.p051width { -width:472px; -} -.p057width { -width:519px; -} -@media handheld { -} -/* ]]> */ </style> -</head> -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Byliny Book, by Marion Chilton Harrison</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Byliny Book</p> -<p style='display:block; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:0;'>Hero Tales of Russia</p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Marion Chilton Harrison</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Illustrator: Mrs Hugh Stewart</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: November 1, 2021 [eBook #66643]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net/ for Project Gutenberg (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BYLINY BOOK ***</div> -<div class="front"> -<div class="div1 cover"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody"> -<p class="first"></p> -<div class="figure cover-imagewidth"><img src="images/new-cover.jpg" alt="Newly Designed Front Cover." width="480" height="720"></div><p> -<span class="pageNum" id="pb.i">[<a href="#pb.i">i</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="div1 frenchtitle"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody"> -<p class="first xd31e105">HERO TALES OF RUSSIA -<span class="pageNum" id="pb.iv">[<a href="#pb.iv">iv</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="div1 frontispiece"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody"> -<p class="first"></p> -<div class="figure frontispiecewidth" id="frontispiece"><img src="images/frontispiece.png" alt="ВОЛЬГА СУДАРЬ БУСЛАЄВИЧЪ.VOL′GA SUDAR′ BUSLAEVICH." width="720" height="520"><p class="figureHead"><span class="trans" title="VOL′GA SUDAR′ BUSLAEVICH."><span lang="ru" class="cyrl">ВОЛЬГА СУДАРЬ БУСЛАЄВИЧЪ.</span></span></p> -</div><p> -<span class="pageNum" id="pb.v">[<a href="#pb.v">v</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="div1 titlepage"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody"> -<p class="first"></p> -<div class="figure titlepage-imagewidth"><img src="images/titlepage.png" alt="Original Title Page." width="498" height="720"></div><p> -</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="titlePage"> -<div class="docTitle"> -<div class="mainTitle">BYLINY BOOK <br>HERO TALES OF RUSSIA</div> -</div> -<div class="byline">Told from the Russian by -<br><span class="docAuthor">MARION CHILTON HARRISON</span> -<br>With Illustrations by -<br><span class="docAuthor">MRS. HUGH STEWART</span> </div> -<div class="docImprint">CAMBRIDGE: <br>W. HEFFER & SONS LTD. <br><span class="docDate">1915</span> </div> -</div> -<p><span class="pageNum" id="pb.vi">[<a href="#pb.vi">vi</a>]</span></p> -<div class="div1 imprint"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divBody"> -<p class="first xd31e153"><span class="sc">W. Heffer & Sons. Ltd., <br>104, Hills Road, <br>Cambridge.</span> -<span class="pageNum" id="pb.vii">[<a href="#pb.vii">vii</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="div1 preface"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="main">PREFACE.</h2> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">This is a Byliny Book. What does “Byliny” mean? It is a Russian word, and it means -stories about <i>What-has-Been</i>, what happened in Russia in the old days long ago. We all read about the Greek heroes -Jason and Perseus and Theseus and Heracles. The Russians had splendid heroes too, -who met with wonderful adventures. Russia and France and Italy and England are fighting -side by side a great fight for freedom, and these old heroes of Russia fought for -freedom too, against great barbarian armies of Huns and Tartars. The Russians are -our brave friends, our “Allies,” as we call them now, and it is good to get to know -about their heroes of olden times. -</p> -<p>We all know and honour our French Allies, and most of us try to speak French. We are -proud to read in history how our William the Conqueror came over from France and brought -with him many good laws and customs, and, best of all, beautiful French words that -have now become English—why, the very word <i>beauty</i> came to us from France. But Russia is much further away than France, and very few -of us learn to speak Russian, or even to read it. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb.viii">[<a href="#pb.viii">viii</a>]</span></p> -<p>Far the best way to get to know people is to learn their language, but it is not quite -so easy to learn to read Russian as it is to read French, because the Russians use -different letters. You will see Russian letters in the pictures<a class="noteRef" id="xd31e176src" href="#xd31e176">1</a>; they are beautiful, delightful things and some of them are like English, so it is -exciting to try and make them out, but some of them are like Greek, for the Russians -always liked the Greeks better than the Romans. -</p> -<p>The Russian names of the heroes look a little strange at first, but they are not really -hard to pronounce. There are a great many Russian heroes, but this book only tells -about four of them, Volgá and Mikúla and Svyatogór and Ilyá. The Volgá is quite short -and easy, and so is Mikúla, which is pronounced as if it was written Mikóolla. Svyatogór -looks rather hard, but you only have to remember to say it like this—Svyătăgórr, and -you must roll the r’s as if you were a Scotsman. The Russians put the accent on the -end of their words much oftener than the English. We say Ī́-văn and they say <i>Eeváhn</i>. And so it is with the last hero, Ilyá; he is pronounced <i>Eelyā́h</i>. Besides the heroes, there is Vladímir the king, and he is called Vladéemir. The -only really hard word to say right is <i>Byliny</i> itself, and that you can call Bwĭléeny, but our English lips do not make quite the -Russian sound. -</p> -<p>These heroes Volgá and Ilyá and the rest lived very <span class="pageNum" id="pb.ix">[<a href="#pb.ix">ix</a>]</span>long ago, and their great city was not Petrograd but Kiev (Kieff). Petrograd means -“Peter’s fortified town,” and we all know how till the war it used to be called Peters-burg. -But if you look on the map you will find no Petrograd, only Kiev on the river Dnieper, -which winds down to the Black Sea. The old Russian heroes used to sail down the river -on through the Black Sea down to Constantinople, and there of course they met the -Greeks, and the Greeks taught them to be Christians. That was in the days of good -King Vladímir, and he was reigning before our William the Conqueror, hundreds of years -before Peter the Great came to Holland and England and learnt to build boats, and -made the great city of Petrograd. -</p> -<p>But though the heroes lived so long ago, they are never forgotten. The Russian children -in the village schools learn about Volgá and Ilyá as soon as they can read, and old -minstrels in far away villages beyond lake Onéga and even in Siberia sing the Byliny, -the songs of <i>What-has-Been</i> to the peasants as they sit round the fire at night. I have seen a picture of one -of these singers, an old peasant over seventy, with a long white beard and shaggy -hair and bright deep-set eyes. He could not write or read, and his voice was rather -cracked, but when he sang the old songs he was all on fire, and he sang them so splendidly -that the villagers crowded round to hear. The old men say that the young ones will -not learn to sing the songs because they are <i>gramotnye</i>, “grammar-people,” who read books and learn to write—what a pity. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb.x">[<a href="#pb.x">x</a>]</span></p> -<p>A learned Russian called Hilferding went to North Russia to live among the peasants -and listen to these stories. The peasants are very poor, and are shy with strangers, -but they learned to love and trust Hilferding, and sang their songs to him. It is -nice to know that he was able to help the peasants, and get them a little more money -and food. Other learned men had been before Hilferding, but nearly all the stories -in this book were collected by him, so we like to remember his name. -</p> -<p>It is the peasants who sing the Byliny, not the nobles, and two of the greatest Russian -heroes, Ilyá and Mikúla, are peasants’ sons. Mikúla is a ploughman. It sounds strange -to us that a ploughman should be a hero; but the Russians did not feel like that. -They love their land with all their hearts. Some of it has very black fertile soil, -but some of it is very hard and full of stones, and sometimes of forests to be cleared, -and the man who does all this is a hero. The Russians sing a hymn to the honour of -Mikúla; it ends “Glory to thee, good Mikúla, the peasant who worked.” In one of the -pictures you see Volgá, the prince, come to beg Mikúla to leave his plough and join -his warriors. Mikúla was sad, but a man must leave even his work to defend his country. -Mikúla is my favourite of all the heroes. -</p> -<p>The peasant heroes, Mikúla and great Ilyá, are very proud and independent, and sometimes -not very respectful to the King; they seem to think they are as good as he is, and -so they were. It is their country <span class="pageNum" id="pb.xi">[<a href="#pb.xi">xi</a>]</span>they love, and their beautiful city of Kiev and its Church, and in those old days -they had not learned that the King stands for the country. Ilyá is always wanting -to get to Kiev; you see him on the cover of this book, riding up to the Holy City. -It is like Jerusalem to him, and he was buried there. But though he dreams of the -City, he loves the place where he was born, near Múrom. Múrom is a real place still, -with forests round it and a river full of fish. The peasants in the old days owned -the land in common, so each village was like a little kingdom. Ilyá hates the dog, -King <span class="corr" id="xd31e207" title="Source: Kalin">Kálin</span>, because he slays the villagers. -</p> -<p>Svyatogór’s name means Holy Mountain. He is very strong and huge, like a mountain, -but he is clumsy and rather boastful. He boasted he could lift anything, but he soon -found he couldn’t. At the end he stops boasting, and is good to young Ilyá, and gives -him all his strength, so that makes up. -</p> -<p>The hero who really can do everything is Volgá. He was a prince, not a peasant, and -he was a mighty hunter, like Nimrod in the Bible; and he was a wizard, too, and could -turn himself into a grey wolf. Some people said his father was a wolf, some said he -was a serpent. The story says “damp earth was his cradle,” and that sounds uncomfortable, -but the Russians always call the earth “damp earth.” They mean that the rain has rained -on it, and that it is not hard and dry, but full of sap like the trees. Volgá learnt -all his wisdom from the beasts and birds. S. Francis used to preach to the birds, -but Volgá let <span class="pageNum" id="pb.xii">[<a href="#pb.xii">xii</a>]</span>the beasts and birds preach to him, and that is better, for the <a class="biblink xd31e48" title="Reference to the Bible: Job 12:7" href="https://classic.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Jb%2012:7&version=NRSV">Bible</a> says: -</p> -<div class="lgouter"> -<p class="line">Ask now the beasts and they shall teach thee; </p> -<p class="line">And the fowls of the air and they shall tell thee. </p> -</div> -<p class="first">The first story is about Volgá, and in the first picture you see him listening to -a wise old Bear. -</p> -<p class="signed"><span class="sc">Jane Ellen Harrison.</span> -</p> -<hr class="tb"><p> -</p> -<p class="xd31e229">This book is for children, and is no place for bibliography, but we should like to -own our debt to three books. Chudinov’s <i>Byliny</i> in the “Russian School Library” was our first introduction (in Russian) to the hero-tales; -but for Rambaud’s <i lang="fr">La Russie Épique</i> it would have been difficult to put the stories together; and, last, to the kindness -of Mr. E. T. Minns we are indebted for the loan of Hilferding’s invaluable <i>Sbornik</i>, now out of print, and not easily obtainable during the War. -</p> -<p class="signed xd31e238">M. C. H. <br>J. E. H. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb.xiii">[<a href="#pb.xiii">xiii</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -<div class="footnotes"> -<hr class="fnsep"> -<div class="footnote-body"> -<div id="xd31e176"> -<p class="footnote"><span class="fnlabel"><a class="noteRef" href="#xd31e176src">1</a></span> The Russian titles are translated in the <a href="#loi">List of Illustrations</a>, p. xv. <a class="fnarrow" href="#xd31e176src" title="Return to note 1 in text.">↑</a></p> -</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div id="toc" class="div1 contents"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="main">CONTENTS.</h2> -<table class="tocList"> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> -</td> -<td class="tocPageNum">Page.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum">I.</td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> <a href="#ch1" id="xd31e256">The Story of Volgá</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">1</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum">II.</td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> <a href="#ch2" id="xd31e266">Mikúla the Villager’s Son</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">8</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum">III.</td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> <a href="#ch3" id="xd31e276">Svyatogór</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">15</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum">IV.</td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> <a href="#ch4" id="xd31e286">Svyatogór and Ilyá of <span class="corr" id="xd31e288" title="Source: Mùrom">Múrom</span></a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">17</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum">V.</td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> <a href="#ch5" id="xd31e298">Ilyá of Múrom and Nightingale the Robber</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">30</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum">VI.</td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> <a href="#ch6" id="xd31e308">The Three Ways</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">46</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum">VII.</td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> <a href="#ch7" id="xd31e318">Ilyá of Múrom and King Kálin</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">50</td> -</tr> -</table> -<p><span class="pageNum" id="pb.xiv">[<a href="#pb.xiv">xiv</a>]</span></p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="div1 contents"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="main">CHARACTERS.</h2> -<ul> -<li><i>Volgá</i>, Son of Svyátoslav. </li> -<li><i>Mikúla</i>, the Ploughman Hero. </li> -<li><i>Svyatogór</i>, the Hero. </li> -<li><i>Ilyá of Múrom</i>, Son of Iván. </li> -<li><i>Vladímir</i>, Prince of Kiev. </li> -<li><i>Apráxia</i>, his Daughter. </li> -<li><i>Nightingale</i>, the Robber. </li> -<li><i>King Kálin</i>, a Tartar King. </li> -<li><i>Samson</i>, a Hero (Ilyá’s Godfather). </li> -</ul> -<p><span class="pageNum" id="pb.xv">[<a href="#pb.xv">xv</a>]</span></p> -</div> -</div> -<div id="loi" class="div1 contents"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="main">ILLUSTRATIONS.</h2> -<table class="tocList"> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"> -</td> -<td class="tocPageNum">Page.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#frontispiece">Volgá, Son of Buslav</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum"><i>Frontispiece</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#p011">Young Mikúla, the Villager’s Son</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">11</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#p019">Ilyá of Múrom, the Peasant’s Son</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">19</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#p023">Map of Ilyá’s Journeys</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">23</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#p037">He Shot Nightingale the Robber</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">37</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#p041">Ilyá came to Kiev Town</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">41</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#p051">A Feast of Honour was Spread</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">51</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tocDivNum"></td> -<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#p057">There was the Old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom</a> </td> -<td class="tocPageNum">57</td> -</tr> -</table> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p>⁂ <i>These titles are literal translations of the Russian inscriptions on the illustrations.</i> -<span class="pageNum" id="pb1">[<a href="#pb1">1</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="body"> -<div id="ch1" class="div1 chapter"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#xd31e256">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="super xd31e428">Hero Tales of Russia.</h2> -<h2 class="label">I.</h2> -<h2 class="main">THE STORY OF VOLGÁ.</h2> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">The red sun was going down behind the high hills, behind the blue sea. The countless -stars showed themselves in the clear sky, and the bright moon was shining in the heavens -when Volgá the Hero was born in Holy Russia. Damp Mother Earth was his cradle. The -earth rocked, and there was a great storm upon the blue sea, and the fish went down -into the deep sea, the birds flew up into the sky, the great aurochs and the deer -fled over the hills, the hares and rabbits ran into the thick forest, and the wolves -and bears fled away among the fir trees, sables and martens escaped to the islands, -because they knew that a hero was born in Russia. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>When Volgá was an hour and a half old he spoke with a voice like thunder, and said: -</p> -<p>“Come then, O Lady, my mother, young Márfa, put no baby-clothes upon me, nor a sash -of silk, but give me strong steel armour, and on my head put a helmet of gold. In -my right hand a club, a club made heavy with lead of the weight of a hundred pounds.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb2">[<a href="#pb2">2</a>]</span></p> -<p>When Volgá was seven years old his mother had him taught to read, and she made him -write with a pen. And from all the birds and beasts he learnt their skill and wisdom -and the different tongues of all, and he understood the speech of all the beasts of -the field and forest, and of all the birds and fishes. -</p> -<p>When he was ten years old he learned much magic. First he learned to turn himself -into a bright falcon, and next he learned to turn himself into a grey wolf, and the -third thing he learned was to turn himself into a brown aurochs, a brown aurochs with -golden hoofs. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>When Volgá was seventeen he called his friends and companions together and formed -a bodyguard of thirty youths save one, and Volgá himself was the thirtieth. He was -their Chief, and took them with him on his journeys. He provided for them all and -gave them abundance of food and drink, and of sugar sweetmeats many kinds. And warm -clothes, too, he gave them, fur coats made of the skins of marten and sable and of -panther. When his comrades slept Volgá slept not. Sometimes he turned himself into -a grey wolf and ran and leaped in the dark forest and killed moose-deer and bears -and wolves. Martens and panthers were his favourite prey, and he spared neither hares -nor foxes. And at other times he turned himself into a bright falcon, flew far away -over the blue sea and killed geese and white swans, and the little grey ducks he spared -not. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb3">[<a href="#pb3">3</a>]</span></p> -<p>One day when he was at Kiev he called his body-guard: -</p> -<p>“My good brave comrades,” said he, “listen to your big brother, your Chief. Bring -a rope of silk and make a snare. Put it into the dark forest and set the snare upon -the damp earth so as to catch beasts of the forest, and catch martens and foxes, black -sables and other wild beasts, and go on snaring them for three days and three nights.” -</p> -<p>They listened to their big brother, their Chief, and they did the thing he had ordered. -They took a rope of silk to the dark forest and set a snare upon the damp earth, but -they could not catch a single beast. Then Volgá their Chief turned himself into a -lion-beast. He leapt and bounded on the damp earth, through the dark forest, and drove -out martens and foxes, black sables and other wild beasts, big bounding hares and -little ermines. And Volgá took his own form again, and became a goodly youth. -</p> -<p>And again when he was at the town of Kiev with his body-guard of brave youths he said: -</p> -<p>“My good comrades, my brave lads, listen to your big brother your Chief. Take a snare -of silk and set it in the dark forest at the very tops of the trees, and with it catch -geese, swans and bright falcons, and little singing birds, and go on snaring them -for three days and three nights.” -</p> -<p>And they listened to their big brother their Chief. They did the thing he ordered. -They took a snare of silk, set the snare in the dark forest, at the very <span class="pageNum" id="pb4">[<a href="#pb4">4</a>]</span>tops of the trees, but they could not catch a single bird. -</p> -<p>Volgá the Chief turned himself into an eagle. He flew up beneath the clouds and struck -down geese, swans, bright hawks, and little singing birds. -</p> -<p>Again when they were at the town of Kiev, Volgá the Chief said: -</p> -<p>“Good comrades, my brave body-guard, listen to your big brother, your Chief. Take -sharp axes, good for cutting wood, and build a ship of oak; take fishing nets of silk -and go forth upon the blue sea, and fish for all kinds of fish—salmon and white fish, -pike and dace, and the most precious fish—sturgeon, and go on fishing for three days -and three nights.” -</p> -<p>They listened to their big brother their Chief, and they did the thing he ordered. -They took sharp axes, good for cutting wood, and built a ship of oak. They took fishing -nets of silk, but they could not catch a single fish. -</p> -<p>Volgá the Chief turned himself into a big pike and swam in the blue sea. He sent up -salmon and white sturgeon, pike and dace, and the costly fish—sturgeon, and drove -them into the nets of his men. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>And again, when he was at Kiev with his body-guard of good comrades, Volgá the Chief -said: -</p> -<p>“My good brave comrades, why should we not send to the country of the Tartars to find -out what the Cham is thinking of? For the Cham may be thinking of something. And what -if he were thinking of riding <span class="pageNum" id="pb5">[<a href="#pb5">5</a>]</span>into Holy Russia? Now, whom shall we send? If we send an old man he will go slowly, -and we shall have long to wait. If we send a middle-aged man he will tarry and drink -by the way; and if we send a boy he will stop and play. It seems as if Volgá will -have to go himself!” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then Volgá the Chief turned himself into a little bird and flew up beneath the clouds. -He flew on and soon came to the country of the Tartars. He came to the house of the -Tartar Cham and perched at the Cham’s own window and listened to his secret talk. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>The Cham said to his wife: -</p> -<p>“Now I tell you, my Queen, I know what I know. In Russia the grass grows not as it -used to grow. The flowers bloom not as before. Volgá must be dead and gone.” -</p> -<p>The Queen said: -</p> -<p>“Come now, Santal, Cham of Tartary, the grass grows in Russia just as before. The -flowers bloom in Russia just as before. I dreamed in the night—in dreams one sees -all things. It seemed that from the East, that dear country, a bird was flying—a small -singing bird—and from the West—the old country—after the little bird there flew a -black crow. They flew together over the open plain, and they were pecking at each -other, and the little singing bird was pecking the black crow, and she pulled out -his feathers, and all were carried away on the wind.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb6">[<a href="#pb6">6</a>]</span></p> -<p>And the Cham Santal of Tartary answered her: “Oh, my Queen! I am thinking of riding -soon to Holy Russia with my army, and I shall take nine cities and give them to my -nine sons, and for myself I shall bring back a costly fur coat.” -</p> -<p>But the Queen said: -</p> -<p>“You will not take nine cities or give them to your nine sons, and you will not bring -back for yourself a costly fur coat!” -</p> -<p>The Cham of Tartary answered in a rage: -</p> -<p>“Oh, you old devil! You were dreaming and saw yourself in your dream!” -</p> -<p>And he struck her on her white face, and again he struck her on the other cheek. He -threw the Queen down upon the brick floor, and threw her down a second time, and said: -</p> -<p>“I shall ride to Holy Russia; I shall take nine cities, and give them to my nine sons; -and for myself I shall bring back a costly fur coat.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Volgá the Chief flew down from the window-ledge to the ground and turned himself into -a grey wolf and jumped into the stable yard. He picked out all the good horses and -tore out the throat of every one. -</p> -<p>Then Volgá turned himself into a little ermine and slipped into the armoury, where -the Cham kept a great stock of weapons for his men. Volgá broke all the tough bows, -tore out the silken bow strings, destroyed the sharp arrows, bit notches in the sharp -swords, and bent the steel maces into a bow. Then he turned <span class="pageNum" id="pb7">[<a href="#pb7">7</a>]</span>himself again into a little bird and soon flew back to Kiev town, where he turned -himself back into his own shape, and was once more a goodly youth. -</p> -<p>Volgá came to his body-guard of good comrades. -</p> -<p>“My brave comrades,” said he, “let us go to the land of the Tartars!” -</p> -<p>And they went to the land of the Tartars, and they took all the Tartar army prisoners. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb8">[<a href="#pb8">8</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div id="ch2" class="div1 chapter"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#xd31e266">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="label">II.</h2> -<h2 class="main">MIKÚLA THE VILLAGER’S SON.</h2> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">Next we come to the story of Mikúla, the villager’s son, and how he meets with Volgá -and joins his band of heroes. Young Volgá had an uncle who was a prince in the land, -and the prince gave Volgá for his own three towns, and the towns were to pay him a -yearly tribute, and so he set out with his body-guard of brave youths to collect this -tribute. -</p> -<p>Volgá set out, and as he rode through the free and open plain he heard a ploughman -in the open field. The ploughman’s plough could be heard scraping over the ground -and scrunching over the stones, but the ploughman and his plough were out of sight -on the boundless plain. Volgá rode towards the ploughman all day from morning till -evening with his brave body-guard, but he could not come up with the ploughman. And -Volgá rode on the whole of another day, another day from morning till evening, but -he could not come up with the ploughman. The ploughman was ploughing the field and -still drove on. The ploughman’s plough scraped on and the ploughshare creaked over -the stones, but still Volgá could not come within sight of him, and on the third day -Volgá and his comrades <span class="pageNum" id="pb9">[<a href="#pb9">9</a>]</span>rode from morning till midday, and at midday they came up with the ploughman in the -open field. The ploughman was ploughing in the field, and on he drove. From edge to -edge he swept the long furrows. When he reached the edge of the field he could not -see the other edge. He cast out the stumps and stones, and all the large stones he -piled up in a trench. -</p> -<p>The ploughman had a light bay mare, and the stock of his plough was of maple wood. -His mare was harnessed with ropes of silk. -</p> -<p>When Volgá came up with the ploughman he spoke to him and said: -</p> -<p>“God help thee, good ploughman, to plough the field and till the ground, and to do -thy labour, to sweep the furrows from edge to edge of the field, and to turn out the -stumps and stones from the ground.” -</p> -<p>The ploughman looked at Volgá and said: -</p> -<p>“Here comes Volgá with his brave body-guard! Yes, I need the help of God to do my -peasant’s work! Is it far thou goest, Volgá, and whither dost thou go with thy brave -body-guard?” -</p> -<p>“Well, good ploughman, I am going to town to collect the tribute. First I go to Gurchevitz -town, and next I am going to Orechovitz, and then to a third town, Krestyanovitz.” -</p> -<p>“Well, my Lord Volgá,” said the ploughman, “I was in town not long since on my bay -mare, and I brought away with me from the town two bags of <span class="pageNum" id="pb10">[<a href="#pb10">10</a>]</span>salt, only two bags of salt, each of fourteen hundred pounds weight, and the peasants -there are all thieves; they asked me for threepence for toll. But I had my whip for -the journey, and I paid them their toll with my whip.” -</p> -<p>“Now come with me, good ploughman,” said Volgá, “come and join my body-guard!” -</p> -<p>And the good ploughman straightway unfastened his ropes of silk, took his mare from -the plough, and got on her back. -</p> -<p>Volgá’s body-guard were all mounted on their good horses and were setting off, but -the ploughman stopped Volgá and said: -</p> -<p>“Now, Volgá, I left the plough in the furrow; would it not be better to pull the plough -out of the ground and shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the plough behind -the broom bush? Not for fear of any passing travellers who might take it, but on account -of the good-for-nothings in the village who might meddle with my plough.” -</p> -<p>Young Volgá ordered five strong young men out of his brave body-guard to pull the -plough out of the ground, to shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the plough -behind the broom bush. The five strong young men rode up to the plough of maple wood, -they turned the plough about by the shaft, but could not pull the plough out of the -ground, or shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom -bush. -</p> -<p></p> -<div class="figure p011width" id="p011"><img src="images/p011.png" alt="МОЛОДОИ МИКУЛА СЄЛѦНИНОВИЧЪ.MOLODOI MIKULA SELIANINOVICH." width="720" height="479"><p class="figureHead"><span class="trans" title="MOLODOI MIKULA SELIANINOVICH."><span lang="ru" class="cyrl">МОЛОДОИ МИКУЛА СЄЛѦНИНОВИЧЪ.</span></span></p> -</div><p> -</p> -<p>Young Volgá then sent from his brave body-guard a whole half-score to pull the plough -out of the ground, <span class="pageNum" id="pb13">[<a href="#pb13">13</a>]</span>to shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom bush. -They turned the plough round by the shaft, but could not pull the plough out of the -ground, or shake the earth from the ploughshare, or throw the plough behind the broom -bush. -</p> -<p>Young Volgá then sent his whole brave body-guard to pull the plough out of the ground, -shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom bush, -but, though they tried their hardest, they could not pull the plough out of the ground, -or shake the earth from the ploughshare, and throw the plough behind the broom bush. -Then the good ploughman came riding up upon his light bay mare to this plough of maple -wood. He took hold of the plough with one hand, pulled the plough out of the ground, -shook the earth from the ploughshare, and threw the plough into the broom bush. -</p> -<p>Again they all mounted their good steeds and rode on. The ploughman’s mare went on -at a trot, but Volgá’s horse had to gallop to try to get up to the ploughman’s mare, -and Volgá’s horse was left behind. Volgá began to wave his cap, and he shouted: -</p> -<p>“Stop, good ploughman. If that mare of yours were a horse, I would give five hundred -for that mare.” -</p> -<p>The ploughman answered him: -</p> -<p>“Stupid is Volgá, the son of Svyátoslav. I took the mare as a foal from the dam, and -I paid five hundred for that mare when she was a foal. If the mare were a horse, she -would be priceless!” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb14">[<a href="#pb14">14</a>]</span></p> -<p>Said Volgá, the son of Svyátoslav: -</p> -<p>“Here, good ploughman-farmer, by what name art thou called? What is thy father’s name, -and whence comest thou?” -</p> -<p>And the ploughman answered him: -</p> -<p>“Well now, Volgá, son of Svyátoslav, I plough the fields for rye, I build my ricks, -I stack my corn, I lead it home; when I’ve brought it home, I grind the corn, I split -wood, and I brew beer. When I have brewed beer I give it to the peasants to drink. -And the peasants call me Young Mikúla, the villager’s son!” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb15">[<a href="#pb15">15</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div id="ch3" class="div1 chapter"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#xd31e276">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="label">III.</h2> -<h2 class="main">SVYATOGÓR.</h2> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">There was once a great Russian Hero who was so big and strong that no one could stand -up against him, and he fancied that with his great strength he could do anything. -</p> -<p>One day he made up his mind to go out for a ride on the plain, the great open plain -in Russia, where one can ride for miles without seeing anything but the long waving -feather grass. -</p> -<p>He saddled and bridled his good horse, got upon his back and rode out on the open -plain. In his heart he was glad; yes, he was glad—yes, and overflowing with strength, -and he said to himself: -</p> -<p>“So strong do I feel that if I could find something to take hold of I could lift up -the whole world!” -</p> -<p>He rode on a long way and presently saw another man on horseback ahead of him. The -man did not look round, but he let fall a small wallet such as a man often carries -across his shoulder or across his horse. Svyatogór saw it lying on the road and tried -to push it away with the end of his whip; it did not move. He bent over and touched -the wallet with his fingers, but he could not move it. He stooped down from his <span class="pageNum" id="pb16">[<a href="#pb16">16</a>]</span>horse and grasped the wallet with his hand, but he could not lift it. -</p> -<p>“Many years have I journeyed upon this earth,” said he, “but never have I come upon -so strange a thing. Such a wonder have I never seen. A little wallet, a bag, that -will not be pushed away, that cannot be moved out of the way, and that cannot be lifted -up!” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>The hero got off his good horse, stooped and grasped the bag with both hands; he lifted -it a little higher than his knees, but he sank down into the earth as far as his knees, -and, not tears, but blood, ran down his white face, and as he sank down he could not -rise again. -</p> -<p>The man who was riding in front turned round and rode back to him. -</p> -<p>Svyatogór asked: -</p> -<p>“What was in that wallet to make it so heavy?” -</p> -<p>The man answered: -</p> -<p>“The weight of the whole world.” -</p> -<p>“Who art thou?” asked Svyatogór. -</p> -<p>“I am Mikúla, the villager’s son.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb17">[<a href="#pb17">17</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div id="ch4" class="div1 chapter"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#xd31e286">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="label">IV.</h2> -<h2 class="main">SVYATOGÓR AND ILYÁ OF MÚROM.</h2> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">Near the town of Múrom in Russia there lived long ago a farmer called Iván, with his -wife and family. He and his wife and his sons and daughters worked hard in the fields, -all but one son, Ilyá, who was always sitting at home. For thirty years Ilyá had been -sitting at home because he could use neither hands nor feet. -</p> -<p>One day he was sitting by the window as usual, when two wandering pilgrims came passing -by. They were both too lame and old to work, but they had made the pilgrimage to the -Holy Land and now walked about the country singing psalms and living upon the food -and money that kind folk gave them. They saw Ilyá at his window and called out: -</p> -<p>“Ilyá! Ilyá of Múrom, open wide the gate for the pilgrims; let us into thy house.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá of Múrom answered: -</p> -<p>“Well now, good pilgrims, I cannot open the gate, for I have been sitting here these -thirty years. I can use neither hands nor feet.” -</p> -<p>Again the pilgrims called to him: -</p> -<p>“O Ilyá, rise up upon thy nimble feet. Open wide the gates and let the pilgrims in -to visit thee in thy house.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb18">[<a href="#pb18">18</a>]</span></p> -<p>Ilyá stood up upon his feet, as though nothing ailed him. He opened wide the gates -and let the pilgrims into the house. They came in, crossing themselves like good Russians, -and bowed low when they were in the room. -</p> -<p>“Pray give us a drink, Ilyá,” they said. -</p> -<p>Ilyá brought them a large bowl of honey drink; it held about a pailful and a half, -and he offered it to the pilgrims. They took it and drank, and then offered it to -Ilyá. He drank the bowlful and felt a rush of warmth throughout his body, his hero’s -heart burned within him. -</p> -<p>“What dost thou feel, O Ilyá?” asked the pilgrims. -</p> -<p>Ilyá bowed to the ground before the pilgrims and answered: -</p> -<p>“I feel great strength within me.” -</p> -<p>“Bring another drink, Ilyá,” said the pilgrims. -</p> -<p>And Ilyá brought another cupful, and offered it to the pilgrims. They offered it to -Ilyá, and Ilyá emptied the cup without drawing breath. -</p> -<p>“How dost thou feel now, Ilyá?” asked the pilgrims. -</p> -<p>“I feel great strength, but only half as much as before,” answered he. -</p> -<p>Then the wandering pilgrims said: -</p> -<p></p> -<div class="figure p019width" id="p019"><img src="images/p019.png" alt="ИЛЬѦ МУРОМЄЦЪ КРЄСТЬѦНCКІИ CЫНЪ.IL′IA MUROMET͡S KREST′IANCKĪI CYN." width="720" height="502"><p class="figureHead"><span class="trans" title="IL′IA MUROMET͡S KREST′IANCKĪI CYN."><span lang="ru" class="cyrl">ИЛЬѦ МУРОМЄЦЪ КРЄСТЬѦНCКІИ CЫНЪ.</span></span></p> -</div><p> -</p> -<p>“O Ilyá, thou wilt be a great hero, and it is not written that thou shouldst die in -battle. Fight thou with all the heroes and the bold warrior women of the plain, and -defend thyself against them; only go not out to fight with the hero Svyatogór, for -with his <span class="pageNum" id="pb21">[<a href="#pb21">21</a>]</span>strength he could carry the earth; and fight not with the hero Samson, for he has -upon his head seven hairs of angels; also fight not with the race of Mikúla, for damp -Mother Earth loves him. Neither go after Volgá, son of Svyátoslav; he will overcome -thee, not by force, but by craft and wisdom. Now rise up, O Ilyá, mount thy horse, -and ride out into the free and open plain. Buy the first foal thou seest with its -dam, and in three months’ time thou mayst put on the saddle. Feed him on millet and -maize; walk him about for three months, then keep him for three nights in the garden, -and roll the foal three mornings in the dew. Lead him to a high fence, and when he -will readily leap the fence both from this side and the other, then ride him where -thou wilt, he will carry thee.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then the pilgrims vanished, and presently Ilyá’s father and mother came in from their -work in the fields. His brother and sisters came in also from their work, and his -father and mother were glad indeed to see that Ilyá could walk as if nothing had ever -ailed him. Then from joy they became sad again, and said: -</p> -<p>“Thirty years has Ilyá been sitting on the bench as if he had neither hands nor feet!” -</p> -<p>And Ilyá said to his father: -</p> -<p>“Where have you been working to-day, father?” -</p> -<p>But his parents only said: -</p> -<p>“Glory to Thee, O Lord! Thirty years has Ilyá been sitting by the stove, and was he -not without hands or feet?” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb22">[<a href="#pb22">22</a>]</span></p> -<p>And Ilyá asked again: -</p> -<p>“But you, father and mother, where have you been working on the farm?” -</p> -<p>“Well, Ilyá,” answered his father, “we are working in the field by the stream; we -are clearing it for ploughing. It is the field three fields from home.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>After they had dined Ilyá said to his parents: -</p> -<p>“Now, dear father and mother, take me to the water meadow. Show me my bit of work.” -</p> -<p>And his parents took him down to the water meadow, and Ilyá said: -</p> -<p>“Show me how far you will plough here,” and they showed him the boundary and sat down -to rest. -</p> -<p>But Ilyá seized the brushwood by handfuls and cut it down by the roots and threw it -all on to a pile on the edge of the field. And he worked so hard and so fast that -the field was cleared in a quarter of the time that it would have taken his father -to finish the work. The father and mother were asleep, for they were tired by the -long morning’s work, but they awoke when Ilyá came towards them, saying: -</p> -<p>“Come, father and mother, is not your field well cleared for the ploughing? Now I -must say good-bye to home!” -</p> -<p>Then Ilyá saddled his good horse and put on the bridle, and his father and mother -gave him their farewell blessing. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<div class="figure p023width" id="p023"><img src="images/p023.png" alt="The JOURNEYS of ILYÁ of MÚROM." width="493" height="720"><p class="figureHead">The JOURNEYS <i>of</i> <span class="corr" id="xd31e663" title="Source: ILYA">ILYÁ</span> <i>of</i> <span class="corr" id="xd31e668" title="Source: MUROM">MÚROM</span>.</p> -</div><p> -</p> -<p>He rode away through the open plain till at last <span class="pageNum" id="pb25">[<a href="#pb25">25</a>]</span>he came to a high mountain. When he reached the high mountain he climbed up it and -then lay down to rest, and he slept for twelve days the sleep of a hero. When he awoke -he saw at a distance a white tent standing beneath a tree. He mounted his horse again -and rode a long way through the plain towards the white tent. This tent stood beneath -the shade of a great green oak tree upon another hill. In the tent was a great bed -seventy feet long and forty-two feet wide. Ilyá tied up his horse to the oak tree -and lay down upon that hero’s bed, and went to sleep. Now the sleep of a hero is sound, -and Ilyá slept for three days and three nights. -</p> -<p>On the third day his good horse heard a terrible noise from the north. Mother Earth -rocked, the dark forest shook, the rivers overflowed their steep banks. Ilyá’s good -horse struck the ground with his hoofs, but could not waken Ilyá of Múrom. At last -the horse spoke to him in a human voice: -</p> -<p>“O Ilyá of Múrom! thou knowest not that danger is near thee. The hero Svyatogór is -coming to his tent. Let me loose that I may flee across the open plain, and thou mayest -climb up into the green oak tree.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá untied his horse’s bridle and set the good horse free to gallop across the plain; -and then he climbed up into the oak tree. From the oak tree he saw the hero Svyatogór -coming on his great horse. The hero was taller than a standing forest, and his head -nearly touched a moving cloud. On his shoulder he carried <span class="pageNum" id="pb26">[<a href="#pb26">26</a>]</span>a great chest of glass. He came down from his horse and placed the chest on the ground -and opened it with a golden key. Out of the chest came the hero’s wife. So lovely -was she that no such beauty had ever been seen or heard of in the whole white world. -</p> -<p>Very tall she was and elegant, and delicately did she walk. She had eyes like the -eyes of a bright falcon, eyebrows of black sable, and waving black hair. As soon as -she came out of the great chest she set to work to lay the table for her husband’s -dinner. She spread a bright chequered table-cloth and took from the chest a bottle -of honey drink and a cup and sweetmeats full many, and placed them upon the chequered -cloth. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>After he had eaten and drunk, Svyatogór lay down to sleep on his great bed in the -tent, but his wife went to walk on the open plain. She caught sight of Ilyá in the -oak tree and would have him to come down and talk to her. When her husband suddenly -woke up she put Ilyá into her husband’s pocket to hide him. Svyatogór stood up and -put his wife back into the glass chest and lifted it on to his shoulder again. He -called up his horse and got upon his back and set off to ride, but soon the horse -stumbled, and Svyatogór was vexed and asked why he was stumbling. -</p> -<p>“This morning,” said the horse in a human voice, “I was carrying a hero and a hero’s -wife, but now I am carrying two heroes as well as the hero’s wife.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb27">[<a href="#pb27">27</a>]</span></p> -<p>Svyatogór looked round and saw no one, but putting his hand into his pocket there -he found Ilyá. The hero asked Ilyá whence he came. Ilyá told him the truth, and Svyatogór -was exceeding angry and killed his wife for trying to deceive him. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>That Ilyá had dealt straightly pleased the hero Svyatogór, and there arose a great -friendship between them. Svyatogór exchanged crosses with Ilyá in token of friendship, -and called Ilyá his younger brother. He taught Ilyá all the handling of weapons, how -to use his mace and his bow and arrows and spear in fighting, and also all the ways -of travel of the heroes. Ilyá had called up his good horse from the plain by a loud -whistle, and the two heroes, the old Svyatogór and the younger Ilyá of Múrom, rode -on together through the open plain till they came to a great tomb built of stone. -Upon the tomb was written these words:— -</p> -<blockquote> -<p class="first">“He who is fated to lie in this tomb will exactly fit it.”</p> -</blockquote><p> -</p> -<p>Ilyá lay down in the tomb, but it was too long and too wide for him, and at once he -sprang out of it. -</p> -<p>The giant hero Svyatogór lay down there, and the tomb just fitted him. -</p> -<p>“The tomb is just made for me,” said the hero. “Take the lid of the tomb, Ilyá, and -cover me.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá answered: -<span class="pageNum" id="pb28">[<a href="#pb28">28</a>]</span></p> -<p>“I will not take up the lid of the tomb, O, my big brother. I will not cover thee. -This is a foolish jest of thine—thou wilt bury thyself.” -</p> -<p>And Svyatogór took the lid and covered himself up in the tomb, but when he tried to -lift the lid off again he could not move it. He struggled and strove to lift it, but -could do nothing. Then he called to Ilyá: -</p> -<p>“O, my young brother! It seems that my fate has found me. I cannot raise the lid. -Try thou to lift it.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá of Múrom tried hard to raise the cover, but what could he do? -</p> -<p>Then said Svyatogór the hero: -</p> -<p>“Take my sword of steel and strike across the lid of the tomb.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá tried to lift Svyatogór’s great sword, but could not—it was too heavy for him—and -he had to say: -</p> -<p>“I cannot lift thy sword, O, my brother!” -</p> -<p>Svyatogór then called to him: -</p> -<p>“My little brother, bend down to this small chink in the tomb, and I will breathe -upon thee the spirit of a hero.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá bent down to the chink and Svyatogór the hero breathed upon him his hero’s spirit. -Ilyá felt that his former strength had become three times as great as before. He took -the sword of steel and struck a blow across the lid of the tomb. By this blow sparks -were struck, but on the place where he struck the lid there grew a band of iron. -</p> -<p>The hero Svyatogór called to him again, saying: -<span class="pageNum" id="pb29">[<a href="#pb29">29</a>]</span></p> -<p>“My young brother, I am suffocating; try again to strike the lid lengthwise.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá struck the cover lengthwise with the great sword, but again where he struck there -grew a band of iron. -</p> -<p>Then the hero Svyatogór spoke to him, saying: -</p> -<p>“My young brother, I am suffocating. Stoop down to the chink and I will breathe upon -thee and will give thee all my great strength.” -</p> -<p>But Ilyá answered: -</p> -<p>“If I had all thy strength, O, my big brother, Earth would not bear me.” -</p> -<p>Then said the hero Svyatogór: -</p> -<p>“Thou hast done well, little brother, in that thou didst not do my last bidding. I -should have breathed upon thee with the breath of the dead, and thou wouldst have -lain dead by me. Now, farewell; take my sword of steel, but lead my good horse to -my tomb; none but I must own that horse.” -</p> -<p>Then came from the chink the last breath of the hero. Ilyá said farewell to his friend, -girded on his sword of steel, but left the hero’s horse by his master’s tomb, and -he rode away into the free and open plain. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb30">[<a href="#pb30">30</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div id="ch5" class="div1 chapter"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#xd31e298">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="label">V.</h2> -<h2 class="main"><span class="corr" id="xd31e738" title="Source: ILYA">ILYÁ</span> OF MÚROM AND NIGHTINGALE THE ROBBER.</h2> -<div class="epigraph"> -<div class="lgouter"> -<p class="line">The green oak bows not down to the earth, </p> -<p class="line">Leaves of paper do not grow. </p> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">Ilyá had made up his mind to go to Kiev town to seek service with the gracious Prince -Vladímir, but before setting out on that long journey he wished to see his father -again and ask for his blessing, so he rode back to Múrom and to his old home. He found -his old father there and greeted him, saying: -</p> -<p>“Come thou, my own dear Father! I am here to ask for thy blessing. I go to glorious, -royal Kiev town to pray at the sanctuary of Kiev and to pledge myself to Vladímir -the Prince, to serve him in faith and in truth, and to uphold the Christian faith.” -</p> -<p>The old farmer Iván blessed Ilyá and said: -</p> -<p>“I give thee my blessing for the good work, but for evil work no blessing I give. -Go thou on the right road, and do no harm to any woman whether she be Christian or -Tartar.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá of Múrom bowed to the earth before his father, and said farewell to his mother -and his sisters and brothers, and then he mounted his good horse and rode <span class="pageNum" id="pb31">[<a href="#pb31">31</a>]</span>through the open plain. With his whip he struck his horse on the curved hind quarter -and his restive steed was wroth and suddenly sprang from the earth and bounded higher -than an upright tree, almost as high as a moving cloud. At the first bound he passed -twelve miles, at the second bound he came to a well. By the well Ilyá cut down a green -oak tree, and beside the well he built a small chapel, and upon the chapel he wrote -his name, -</p> -<p class="xd31e105">ILYÁ OF MÚROM, SON OF IVÁN, -</p> -<p>so that if some strong and mighty hero should ride that way, he should know the name -of the builder of that chapel. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>At the third bound Ilyá’s horse brought him to the town of Chérnigov. Near Chérnigov -there stood a countless host of Tartars, and at their head were three Princes, each -with the strength of forty thousand. On seeing this vast horde the hero’s heart grew -hot within him, and he could not control his longing to fight. His heart was filled -with fires, and it burned too as if scorched by frost. Then he spoke and said: -</p> -<p>“I desire not to go against my father’s wish, or knowingly to disregard his command.” -</p> -<p>Then he took in his hand his battle-sword and taught it to take a walk through the -army. Where he turned, it opened out a street, and when he turned round there was -a great open space. Ilyá made his way to the three princes, and spoke thus to them: -<span class="pageNum" id="pb32">[<a href="#pb32">32</a>]</span></p> -<p>“Come, my three king’s sons! Shall I take you away as prisoners, or shall I cut off -your warlike heads? If I take you away as prisoners, I must travel over roads that -I know not and must carry bread, but if I take off your heads the kingly race will -be destroyed. If you will go home to your own country, you will spread such report -of me that it will be known all over Russia, and you will tell it everywhere that -in Holy Russia there are strong and mighty heroes.” -</p> -<p>The Governor of Chérnigov saw Ilyá and said: -</p> -<p>“This Lord has vanquished our tyrant and cleansed our glorious city of Chérnigov,” -and he spoke to his princes and nobles and said: -</p> -<p>“Go ye and call in this goodly hero to eat bread and salt with me.” -</p> -<p>And the princes and nobles came forth to greet Ilyá of Múrom and said: -</p> -<p>“Come now, thou stalwart and goodly hero, and tell us by what honoured name thou art -called, and what is thy renowned father’s name?” -</p> -<p>“They call me by the name of Ilyá, but I am honoured as the son of Iván,” said Ilyá. -</p> -<p>“Come, Ilyá of Múrom,” said the princes and nobles, “come to our Governor, he sends -us to invite thee to eat bread and salt with him.” -</p> -<p>But Ilyá wished to be on the way to Kiev and answered with little ceremony: -</p> -<p>“I will not come to your Governor; I wish not to eat bread and salt with him. Show -me the straight road to glorious, royal Kiev town.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb33">[<a href="#pb33">33</a>]</span></p> -<p>So they had to let him go on his way, and they showed him the straight road to Kiev -across the open plain. -</p> -<p>Farther, farther upon on the open plain waves the feather grass in the breeze, and -there upon the open plain, among old folk, mothers and men, rode the Old Cossack, -Ilyá of Múrom, and the horse he rode was like a fierce wild beast and he himself like -a bright falcon. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Now the old hero carried no money, only seven thousand golden ducats had he with him, -and of small money, forty thousand pieces. And the horse the hero rode was priceless. -Why was the hero’s horse priceless? Because these was no price for the horse. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>When he came to a river he looked for no ford. Now the river was a full mile wide, -but the good steed leapt from bank to bank. Then Ilyá saw a village near by and the -villagers—brigands, as we say in our Russian tongue—rode out after the hero. They -swept round him and tried to rob him, tried to part him from his life and soul. -</p> -<p>Then said Ilyá of Múrom, son of Iván: -</p> -<p>“Oh come, brother villagers, no reason have ye to kill an old man like me. And ye -shall take nothing from the old man.” -</p> -<p>He took from his saddle his tough bow and brought out from his quiver a sharp arrow. -He bent his bow and fitted the arrow to the silken string, and <span class="pageNum" id="pb34">[<a href="#pb34">34</a>]</span>shot—not at the village folk—brigands though they were—for he would have been loth -to slay them, but he shot at the green oak tree; and the bowstring sang in the tough -bow, the villagers fell from their horses, the arrow struck the crackling green oak -tree and shattered the oak into chips and shavings. By this heroic deed of thunder -the brigand villagers were filled with fear, and for five hours they lay without sense, -and Ilyá made sport of them. -</p> -<p>“Come, come, good youths, you village brigands! Why do you lie half the night there -upon the damp earth? Why go off to sleep and sleep half the night? On my way here -I passed many people both on horseback and on foot; you have let many a good chance -escape you.” -</p> -<p>The goodly youths stood up upon their nimble feet and threw themselves at Ilyá’s feet -and said: -</p> -<p>“O thou brave hero! come and join our band and be thou our chieftain.” -</p> -<p>The good hero, Ilyá of Múrom, answered them: -</p> -<p>“I desire not to join your band; I am on my way to Kiev town, to Vladímir the Prince, -to help him, and to fight and defend him.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>The bold hero rode on through the open plain till he came to a pillar of white oak. -On the pillar this writing was written: -</p> -<div class="lgouter"> -<p class="line">“To ride straight on—only five hundred miles, </p> -<p class="line">But making a round—seven hundred miles.” </p> -</div> -<p><span class="pageNum" id="pb35">[<a href="#pb35">35</a>]</span></p> -<p>Ilyá looked at this writing and said: -</p> -<p>“If I ride straight, I shall cease to live; this way I can neither ride nor walk nor -fly. Nightingale the Robber sits in his nest upon the seven oaks, and the robber-dog -will seize me at the seventh mile.” -</p> -<p>Ilyá stood still to think what he should do. -</p> -<p>“The straight horse-road is broken up, the little bridge of white hazel is broken -down. It would be no honour to me, or glory to my knighthood to ride by that roundabout -way. It is better to ride by the straight road.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>At once he got down from his good steed; with one hand he led his horse, while with -the other he put planks across the stream for a bridge—that bridge of white hazel. -</p> -<p>The straight road he mended, and he rode on till he came near the clump of seven oak -trees upon which Nightingale the Robber had built his great nest. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Nightingale the Robber was sitting upon his nest of twisted boughs upon the seven -oak trees, and Ilyá rode up to the oak trees. The robber-dog tried to seize him just -as he had come to the seventh mile, and Nightingale the Robber roared like a wild -aurochs, and the villain whistled like a nightingale, and the robber-dog howled like -a dog. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>And at these sounds Ilyá’s good steed fell upon his knees with terror at the roar -of the aurochs, <span class="pageNum" id="pb36">[<a href="#pb36">36</a>]</span>and the whistle of the nightingale, and the dog-like howling of the robber-dog. Ilyá -struck his horse between the ears and also struck him upon the flank, saying: -</p> -<p>“Oh thou food for wolves, thou grass-bag! Hast thou never heard the roar of an aurochs? -and hast thou never heard the whistle of a nightingale, and the howling of a robber-dog?” -</p> -<p>The hero did not sit still but quickly bent his strong bow, took a sharp arrow from -his quiver and shot the arrow at Nightingale the Robber as he sat there in his nest -on the seven oak trees. The arrow hit Nightingale the Robber in the right eye and -came out at the left ear, and Nightingale the Robber fell from his nest down upon -the damp earth. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then Ilyá took Nightingale the Robber and tied him to his Circassian stirrup and made -him walk beside the horse towards Kiev town. Presently they came to the house of Nightingale -the Robber. It was a big house in a large yard, and round the yard was a high iron -fence with spikes on the railings, and upon every spike was set the head of a hero; -for Nightingale the Robber killed all that passed that way. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Nightingale’s children caught sight of their father and called out: -</p> -<p>“Look! father is bringing a man.” -</p> -<p>And Nightingale’s young wife looked from the window and said: -<span class="pageNum" id="pb37">[<a href="#pb37">37</a>]</span></p> -<p></p> -<div class="figure p037width" id="p037"><img src="images/p037.png" alt="СТРѢЛИЛЪ ТО СОЛОВБѦ РАЗВОНИНКА.STRI͡eLIL TO SOLOVBIA RAZVONINKA." width="499" height="720"><p class="figureHead"><span class="trans" title="STRI͡eLIL TO SOLOVBIA RAZVONINKA."><span lang="ru" class="cyrl">СТРѢЛИЛЪ ТО СОЛОВБѦ РАЗВОНИНКА.</span></span></p> -</div><p> -<span class="pageNum" id="pb39">[<a href="#pb39">39</a>]</span></p> -<p>“A strange man is carrying off your dear father.” -</p> -<p>And she called to some men who were idling about the yard and said: -</p> -<p>“Will you not take him from this wanderer on the road? Is your dear father nothing -to you? He has fallen into the power of this horseman. It would be better to take -a cup full of red gold, and another of pure silver, and a third cup full of round -pearls. Go now and offer them as a ransom. Speak to this horseman and persuade him. -Coax him and talk him over so that he may release Nightingale.” -</p> -<p>And they rushed into the house, and Nightingale’s wife took the keys and went down -to the deep vaults where all Nightingale’s treasure was stored, and they filled a -cup full of red gold, and another with pure silver, and a third with round pearls, -and they went out to Ilyá with flattering words and tried to coax him and talk him -over, saying: -</p> -<p>“O thou bold hero, good youth, give us back our dear father and we will give thee -gold and silver!” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Ilyá received these messengers and talked to them thus: -</p> -<p>“Look here, brothers, you who work for gain, I will not give you your dear father; -he would only turn brigand again and rob the travellers passing this way.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>And Ilyá rode on to Kiev town with Nightingale the Robber by his side, still tied -to the stirrup so that <span class="pageNum" id="pb40">[<a href="#pb40">40</a>]</span>he could not run away. Ilyá hurried on, for he would fain be at Kiev in time for the -service on Easter morning; but he could not get there in time. When he reached Kiev -he rode into the wide courtyard of the Prince’s palace. He tied up his good horse -to the gold ring on a carven pillar, but did not take off either the saddle or the -bridle, and he left Nightingale the Robber still tied to the stirrup. -</p> -<p>Then Ilyá walked quickly through the new entrance, through the guard room and into -the hall. There he crossed himself like a good Russian, and made his bow as he came -into the hall. The steward of Vladímir the Prince he greeted, and asked him: -</p> -<p>“Where is the Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev?” -</p> -<p>“Prince Vladímir has gone to Mass,” was the answer. -</p> -<p>Ilyá sat down on the plain wooden bench to wait, and in a short time Prince Vladímir -came in with his nobles and attendants from the Easter service. -</p> -<p>Then they all gave greetings one to the other, and each hero greeted the other, and -Vladímir spoke to Ilyá and said: -</p> -<p>“All hail to thee, brave youth, I know not thy name or thy father’s name. Art thou -a Tsar or a Tsar’s son? Art thou a king or a king’s son?” -</p> -<p>Ilyá answered and said: -</p> -<p>“I am from the town of Múrom. I am the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p></p> -<div class="figure p041width" id="p041"><img src="images/p041.png" alt="ПОѢХАЛЪ ИЛЬѦ КО ГОРОДУ КО КЇЄВУ.POI͡eKHAL IL′IA KO GORODU KO KÏEVU." width="522" height="720"><p class="figureHead"><span class="trans" title="POI͡eKHAL IL′IA KO GORODU KO KÏEVU."><span lang="ru" class="cyrl">ПОѢХАЛЪ ИЛЬѦ КО ГОРОДУ КО КЇЄВУ.</span></span></p> -</div><p> -</p> -<p>And they all sat down at the table to eat bread, <span class="pageNum" id="pb43">[<a href="#pb43">43</a>]</span>and they carved and ate white swans, and Ilyá began to talk and to boast of what he -had done. -</p> -<p>“I am a brave hero, I have been riding through the eve of Easter Day. I would fain -have been in time for the Easter Mass, but I could not get here in time for Easter -morning, for the hour was past. I rode here by the straight road, and when I reached -the green oaks, Nightingale the Robber was sitting upon the seven oaks. That ill-doer -used to seize upon every one for seven miles round. When I came near the oaks Nightingale -roared like a wild aurochs, and the villain whistled like a nightingale, and the robber-dog -howled like a dog. Then my good horse fell upon his knees with fear, but I took out -my tough bow, set the sharp arrow, and shot Nightingale the Robber. I shot the villain -through the right eye, and the arrow came out by the left ear. Then Nightingale fell -upon the damp earth, and I took the robber and fastened him to my Circassian stirrup -and brought the villain with me.” -</p> -<p>Vladímir the Prince looked at Ilyá and said: -</p> -<p>“It seems to me, my bold youth, that there must be a big tavern in this country! Hast -thou been drinking strong drink? Art thou not making empty boasts, good hero?” -</p> -<p>Ilyá’s wrath grew hot within him, and angrily he said: -</p> -<p>“Thou it is who art the fool, O Prince of royal Kiev! I have Nightingale the Robber -here, tied to my Circassian stirrup.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb44">[<a href="#pb44">44</a>]</span></p> -<p>Then all sprang up and rushed out, hurried and stumbled against each other as they -ran out to see Nightingale the Robber. They all spoke and shouted together and called -out to him: -</p> -<p>“O thou Nightingale the Robber! Roar, O Nightingale, like an aurochs! Thou evil doer, -whistle like a nightingale! O thou robber-dog, howl like a dog!” -</p> -<p>Nightingale the Robber looked up and said: -</p> -<p>“With you I neither eat nor drink, and I will not obey you.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>At once the crowd of courtiers turned back to the hall and came to Ilyá of Múrom, -bowed low to him and craved their boon: -</p> -<p>“O Ilyá of Múrom, we beg thee to make Nightingale the Robber roar like an aurochs, -and make the villain whistle like a nightingale, and make the robber-dog howl like -a dog.” -</p> -<p>And Ilyá spoke to the Prince and said: -</p> -<p>“O Vladímir, Prince of royal Kiev! Nightingale’s lips are now sealed together and -his mouth is filled with dried blood, for my arrow went through his right eye and -it came out by the left ear. Pray let a bowl of strong drink be poured out for him—a -bowl weighing half a hundredweight, a bowl holding four gallons, and let it be given -to Nightingale.” -</p> -<p>And they poured him out a bowl of strong drink—a bowl weighing half a hundredweight, -a bowl holding four gallons; and they took it to Nightingale the <span class="pageNum" id="pb45">[<a href="#pb45">45</a>]</span>Robber. He took the bowl in one hand, drank off the bowl of strong drink at one draught, -and spoke these words: -</p> -<p>“Pour out another bowl of strong beer—a bowl weighing half a hundredweight, a bowl -holding four gallons, and pour out a third bowl of sweet mead—a bowl weighing half -a hundredweight, a bowl holding four gallons.” -</p> -<p>And they poured out a bowlful of strong beer, and they poured out a bowlful of sweet -mead and brought both to Nightingale the Robber. He took the bowl with one hand and -drank off the bowlful at one draught. And then Nightingale the Robber was drunken, -and Ilyá of Múrom said to him: -</p> -<p>“Now, Nightingale! Roar, thou robber, like an aurochs; whistle, O villain, like a -nightingale; and howl, O dog, like a dog.” -</p> -<p>And Nightingale the Robber roared like an aurochs<span class="corr" id="xd31e929" title="Not in source">,</span> the villain whistled like a nightingale, and the robber-dog howled like a dog. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Princes and nobles all lay for dead, but Vladímir the Prince of royal Kiev stood up -straight and went up to Ilyá, for the Prince had a boon to ask: -</p> -<p>“Silence Nightingale the Robber, lest he whistle again like a nightingale, and my -nobles leave me here alone.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb46">[<a href="#pb46">46</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div id="ch6" class="div1 chapter"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#xd31e308">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="label">VI.</h2> -<h2 class="main">THE THREE WAYS.</h2> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">One day Ilyá set off on his good horse for a ride. He rode a long way through the -open plain till he came to the Burning Stone. Three lengths beyond the stone there -were three paths leading this way and that from the Burning Stone, and upon the stone -was written: -</p> -<div class="lgouter"> -<p class="line">“Who goes by the first path will be killed. </p> -<p class="line">Who goes by the second path will find marriage. </p> -<p class="line">Who goes by the third path will become rich.” </p> -</div> -<p class="first">He stopped to consider: -</p> -<p>“By which path shall I go? Why should a bold hero want to be rich? Why should I want -to marry? I will take the way to be killed.” -</p> -<p>So he took that way and rode on for three hours, and he rode three hundred miles, -and then he came to a hill, and at that hill, that high hill, brigands began to come -up, and there came up forty thousand brigands. They began to defy our bold hero, and -the brave Cossack spoke and hailed them: -</p> -<p>“Come, you forty thousand robbers! What will you take from me, the bold hero? I have -not many <span class="pageNum" id="pb47">[<a href="#pb47">47</a>]</span>chests of uncounted gold, I have no beautiful young wives, I have no fine clothes, -I have nothing but a good horse, a good horse which cost three hundred; on the horse -are trappings worth five hundred; on myself a hero’s gear worth a cool thousand.” -</p> -<p>When he drew his iron mace of three tons weight, he began to defy the robbers, and -he killed the forty thousand robbers. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then the bold hero turned back, and when he reached the Burning Stone he altered the -writing thus: -</p> -<blockquote> -<p class="first">“If thou goest by this road thou wilt not be killed.”</p> -</blockquote><p> -</p> -<p>And he said: -</p> -<p>“I shall go by the road to marriage.” -</p> -<p>So Ilyá took the second path and rode on for just three hundred miles. He rode on -always through the plain, that open plain, through the open plain, the green meadow, -through those open plains and through green meadows till he came to a wonderful and -a strange thing. If we called it a town it would be too small; if we called it a village -it would seem too large, but there stood a palace built of white stone. When Ilyá -reached the broad palace yard there came a most beautiful young princess from the -palace of white stone. She came to meet the brave hero and took him by his white hands, -kissed him with her sweet lips, <span class="pageNum" id="pb48">[<a href="#pb48">48</a>]</span>led him into the white stone palace, and made him sit down at the oaken table, where -a feast was spread. Ilyá ate and drank in plenty, and stuffed himself the whole day -long till evening, when he rose up from the oaken table and spoke to the princess -and said: -</p> -<p>“O thou enchanting and beautiful lady, where are thy warm sleeping chambers? Where -are the beds of carved wood? Where are the soft feather beds? I am an old man and -weary, and I would fain sleep.” -</p> -<p>And the princess led him to a warm chamber, but the old man stood by the bed and shook -his head and said: -</p> -<p>“Much have I travelled through Holy Russia, but so strange a thing have I never seen. -It seems to me that that bed is a trap.” -</p> -<p>Suddenly he seized the princess by her white hands and threw her against the brick -wall against which the bed stood. The bed of carved wood turned over and the princess -fell down into a deep dungeon below. -</p> -<p>The old Cossack walked out of the palace, and outside he found the door of the deep -dungeon. Then he took the golden keys, went on and unlocked the deep dungeon and set -free many goodly youths and brave, and many strong and mighty heroes, but the beautiful -and wicked enchantress was killed. And all the rich treasure which Ilyá found there -in that white stone palace he bestowed on the good youths and brave, and on the strong -and mighty heroes. But that white stone palace he gave to the flames. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb49">[<a href="#pb49">49</a>]</span></p> -<p>And then our bold hero rode back again, and when he came to the Burning Stone he again -altered the graven letters and wrote: -</p> -<blockquote> -<p class="first">“By that way I went—I was not married.”</p> -</blockquote><p> -</p> -<p>“I go,” said he, “by the third path, where one will become rich.” -</p> -<p>And on he rode for three hours, three hundred miles he rode, and again he rode through -the plain, the open plain, the meadow, the green meadow, to a place where there were -sunk deep pits in the ground, all piled up with red gold—red gold, pure silver, and -fine round pearls. -</p> -<p>Ilyá looked at the gold and said: -</p> -<p>“What has a bold hero to do with these riches, with this treasure of much uncounted -gold?” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>He began to consider: and then he took enough of this treasure in this plain, this -open plain, to build an abbey for prayers to God. He built a church, a minster church, -ordered the singing of psalms and the ringing of bells, and then Ilyá said: -</p> -<p>“Let him whose treasure it was go and look for it!” -</p> -<p>And then the bold hero turned back again; again he rode to that Burning Stone; again -he wrote beneath that inscription: -</p> -<blockquote> -<p class="first">“Though I rode by that path, I became not rich.”</p> -</blockquote><p> -<span class="pageNum" id="pb50">[<a href="#pb50">50</a>]</span> </p> -</div> -</div> -<div id="ch7" class="div1 chapter"><span class="pageNum">[<a href="#xd31e318">Contents</a>]</span><div class="divHead"> -<h2 class="label">VII.</h2> -<h2 class="main"><span class="corr" id="xd31e1003" title="Source: ILYA">ILYÁ</span> OF MÚROM AND KING KÁLIN.</h2> -</div> -<div class="divBody"> -<p class="first">In the palace of the gracious Prince Vladímir, in royal Kiev town, a great feast of -honour was spread for many princes and nobles and for the strong and mighty heroes -and their bold followers, men of the plains, and for the stranger merchants and traders. -</p> -<p>The Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir himself, took his pleasure there, and gave rich gifts -to his guests. To some he gave towns, and to others he gave small towns, to some he -gave villages, and to others he gave hamlets, and to Ilyá of Múrom he gave a coat -of marten fur with a collar of sable. -</p> -<p>But Ilyá received not the fur coat as an honour; he received it without respect and -praised it not. He took the fur coat into the kitchen and dragged the fur coat about -the kitchen floor. Yes, and thus he talked to the fur coat: -</p> -<p>“Just as I drag about this fur coat, so will I drag about that serpent, King Kálin, -by his yellow curls. And just as I pour strong drink upon this fur coat, his heart -shall pour forth his hot blood.” -</p> -<p>And there was a dark-haired maid there, and she reported the matter to Fair Sun, Prince -Vladímir, and said: -<span class="pageNum" id="pb51">[<a href="#pb51">51</a>]</span></p> -<p></p> -<div class="figure p051width" id="p051"><img src="images/p051.png" alt="ДА СОБРАНЪ-ТО БЫЛЪ ПОЧЄСТНОИ ПИРЪ.DA SOBRAN″-TO BYL POCHESTNOI PIR." width="472" height="720"><p class="figureHead"><span class="trans" title="DA SOBRAN″-TO BYL POCHESTNOI PIR."><span lang="ru" class="cyrl">ДА СОБРАНЪ-ТО БЫЛЪ ПОЧЄСТНОИ ПИРЪ.</span></span></p> -</div><p> -<span class="pageNum" id="pb53">[<a href="#pb53">53</a>]</span></p> -<p>“O Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir! When Ilyá of Múrom was in my kitchen, he dragged about -the coat of marten fur; yes, and he said to the fur coat: -</p> -<p>“Just as I drag this fur coat about, so will I drag Prince Vladímir about by his yellow -curly hair, and, just as I pour strong drink upon the fur coat—yes, he himself said -it to the fur coat—the Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir’s hot blood shall be poured out by -my white hands.” -</p> -<p>And the Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir, grew angry, and he cried out in a loud voice: -</p> -<p>“Come, my strong and mighty heroes, take Ilyá away to the dungeon, and put an iron -grating there and cover it over with logs of oak; yes, and bury him with yellow sand.” -</p> -<p>And the heroes came to Ilyá and said: -</p> -<p>“Now, old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! Fair Sun Vladímir, the Prince, has ordered us to -put thee in a deep dungeon, and to put an iron grating there, and to cover it all -over with oak logs, yes, and to bury thee with yellow sand.” -</p> -<p>And Ilyá spoke to them and said: -</p> -<p>“Now, what will ye do with me?” -</p> -<p>And the heroes said: -</p> -<p>“There is no sun in the heavens. Not one hero in Holy Russia. Old Cossack, Ilyá of -Múrom! O that we might take thee out of this bitter captivity! Fair Sun, Prince Vladímir, -makes us turn pale.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then Ilyá mounted his good horse and rode to <span class="pageNum" id="pb54">[<a href="#pb54">54</a>]</span>Kiev town. He rode not into Kiev town, but he rode to the deep dungeon. -</p> -<p>He got down from his good horse, took off the Circassian saddle, took off the braided -bridle and let his brown horse go where God willed. -</p> -<p>Then Ilyá was let down into the deep dungeon, and they put a grating over; they put -it above him and placed oak logs all over it, and buried him with yellow sand. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Now the glorious Prince Vladímir had an only daughter, and she saw that this was no -small matter that Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev town had put the old Cossack, Ilyá -of Múrom, into that cold dungeon. For it might be that he alone would be able to defend -the Faith and Country; that he alone might defend Kiev town; that he alone might defend -the Minster Church, might protect Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia. -</p> -<p>So the Princess caused a deep trench to be dug to reach the dungeon of the old Cossack, -Ilyá of Múrom. And she commanded that false keys should be made; and she sent people -secretly to take to the cold dungeon pillows of down and feather beds, and ordered -them to take warm coverlets too, and changes of clothing, and to provide delicate -food for the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom. But of this had Vladímir the Prince no knowledge. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Now that dog, the Tartar King Kálin, burned to <span class="pageNum" id="pb55">[<a href="#pb55">55</a>]</span>be at Kiev town. Even royal Kiev town would he destroy, and all the peasants he would -cut to pieces, and would burn down the churches of God, and also cut off the heads -of Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia. -</p> -<p>And King Kálin, the dog, sent an envoy to royal Kiev town and gave him a letter to -deliver, and he said to the envoy: -</p> -<p>“When thou goest to royal Kiev town thou wilt be an ambassador in Kiev town to the -glorious Prince Vladímir. Therefore go to the broad courtyard of the Prince’s palace, -and dismount not, but ride in on thy good steed. After thou hast ridden through the -courtyard, then get down off thy steed and go to the palace of white stone, and into -the great hall of white stone and into the dining hall. Go not humbly, but walk in -with a flourish through the five doors and take not thy cap from thy head; but go -up to the oaken table and stand opposite Prince Vladímir and place the letter upon -the golden table before him, and speak to Prince Vladímir and say: -</p> -<p>“O Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev town! Take this letter which is sent to thee, and -look at what is written in the letter and see what is impressed upon it. Clean all -thy arrow-straight streets and the Courts of the Prince in all the town of Kiev, and -in all the broad streets and alleys of the princedom place sweet strong drinks, cask -by cask standing close together, for those who stand by the dog, King Kálin, with -his mighty warriors, in thy town of Kiev.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb56">[<a href="#pb56">56</a>]</span></p> -<p>Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev took the letter sent to him, broke the seal and looked -at what was written therein, and he saw what was in the letter: that he was commanded -to clean the arrow-straight streets and the great Courts of the Prince, and to place -sweet strong drinks in all the broad streets and all the alleys of the princedom. -</p> -<p>Then Vladímir, the Prince of royal Kiev, saw that this was no small matter, but a -great one, and he sat down in his writing-chair and a humble letter wrote he. -</p> -<blockquote> -<p class="first">“Thou dog, King Kálin! Give me the space of three years, give me three years and three -months, three months and also three days, that I may clean the arrow-straight streets -and the great Courts of the Prince, and make sweet strong drinks and place them in -the town of Kiev and in all the broad streets and in in all the alleys of the glorious -princedom.”</p> -</blockquote><p> -</p> -<p>The Prince sent off this humble letter to that dog, King Kálin. And the dog, King -Kálin gave him the space of three years, three years and three months, three months -and three days. And day after day the rain it rained, and week after week it ran like -a river, and the time went by—the three years and three months and three days; and -then came the dog, King Kálin. Came beneath the town of Kiev with his great army. -</p> -<p></p> -<div class="figure p057width" id="p057"><img src="images/p057.png" alt="ДА ТАМЪ СТАРЫИ КАЗАКЪ ДА ИЛЬѦ МУРОМЄЦЪ.DA TAM STARYI KAZAK DA IL′IA MUROMET͡S." width="519" height="720"><p class="figureHead"><span class="trans" title="DA TAM STARYI KAZAK DA IL′IA MUROMET͡S."><span lang="ru" class="cyrl">ДА ТАМЪ СТАРЫИ КАЗАКЪ ДА ИЛЬѦ МУРОМЄЦЪ.</span></span></p> -</div><p> -</p> -<p>Then Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev began to walk up and down, and tears of grief flowed -from his bright <span class="pageNum" id="pb59">[<a href="#pb59">59</a>]</span>eyes. With a kerchief of silk the Prince wiped his eyes, and he spoke these words: -</p> -<p>“The old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, lives no longer, none is there to defend the Faith -and Country; none to defend the Church of God and Kiev town; none to protect Vladímir -the Prince and the Princess <span class="corr" id="xd31e1087" title="Source: Apraxia">Apráxia</span>!” -</p> -<p>Then came to him his dear daughter, and spoke to him these words: -</p> -<p>“O my dear father, Prince Vladímir of royal Kiev, the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, -is yet alive, he is alive in the cold dungeon.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then Prince Vladímir quickly brought the golden keys and went to the cold dungeon, -and soon unlocked the doors and opened the iron grating. And there was the old Cossack, -Ilyá of Múrom, sitting there in the dungeon, reading the Holy Gospels. -</p> -<p>And there were down pillows and feather beds, and warm coverlets had been brought -there, and changes of apparel and delicate food provided. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>And the Prince took Ilyá by his white hands and by his golden ring, and led him from -the cold dungeon, brought him to his white stone palace, and placed him near himself. -He kissed Ilyá and welcomed him, and invited him to the oaken table, and gave him -sugar sweetmeats to eat and drink made from honey. Then spoke the Prince to Ilyá these -words: -</p> -<p>“Old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! Taken is our town of Kiev. The dog, King Kálin, has surrounded -Kiev <span class="pageNum" id="pb60">[<a href="#pb60">60</a>]</span>town with his great army. Do thou defend our Faith and Country and glorious Kiev town, -and defend the Church of the Mother of God, and Vladímir thy Prince and the Princess -Apráxia.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, went out from the palace of white stone, and -walked through the town of Kiev to his dwelling of white stone. He asked for his beloved -steed, and went to the broad yard and into the stable, and looked at his good war -horse. And Ilyá said: -</p> -<p>“My beloved steed! My trusty and unchanging servant! Well hast thou been looked to, -my hero horse.” -</p> -<p>He kissed him on his sweet mouth, led the good horse from the stable stall and into -the fine broad courtyard; and then the old Cossack began to saddle his good horse -there. Upon the horse he put a saddle-cloth, and upon the saddle-cloth he laid a cloth -of felt; now the saddle-cloth was of silk, and upon the saddle-cloth he laid another -cloth, and then the Circassian saddle. But the Circassian saddle did not hold firmly, -and Ilyá fastened it by twelve girths of silk, and he drew them up with steel pins. -And he fixed on stirrups of steel and buckles of red gold—not for show, but for heroic -strength. Drawn up are the girths of silk, and they break not; steel and iron bend, -but break not; and the buckles of red gold may get wet, but they rust not. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Ilyá then got upon his good steed, and took with <span class="pageNum" id="pb61">[<a href="#pb61">61</a>]</span>him his hero’s weapons. His club of steel took he, and his grooved spear, his sharp -sabre also, and his whip for the journey. And Ilyá set out from the town of Kiev and -rode through the open plain, and up to the Tartar army. And when he came near and -saw that great host, and heard the shouting of the men and the neighing of the horses, -he began to lose heart. And when the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom rode through the free -and open plain, he could not find out where the army ended. He leapt up a high hill, -looked round on all sides and looked down upon the Tartar army; he could see no end -or limit to it. -</p> -<p>He came down from that high hill and rode on through the free and open plain, and -he leapt up another high hill and looked towards the western side and saw some white -tents standing, and by the tents stood heroes’ horses. He hastened down from that -high hill and rode through the freedom of the open plain, and he came to the white -tents. And when Ilyá got down from his good horse near the white tents, there stood -the heroes’ horses. They were standing by a white linen cloth, and on the cloth millet -and spring corn were scattered. -</p> -<p>Ilyá let the silken bridle hang loose on the neck of his good hero horse and urged -on his horse to the white linen, saying: -</p> -<p>“Pleasant indeed would it be to taste it, if the heroes’ horses will allow him upon -the white linen cloth to share the millet and spring corn.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb62">[<a href="#pb62">62</a>]</span></p> -<p>His good horse stood by the linen cloth and began to eat the millet and spring corn, -and the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom went to the white tent. In the tent were twelve -heroes, and the heroes were all Russian, and they sat there eating bread and salt, -and they were about to dine. -</p> -<p>And Ilyá went into the tent and said: -</p> -<p>“A good appetite to you, Heroes of Holy Russia, and to thee, Samson, my dear godfather!” -</p> -<p>“Come here, my dear godson!” said his godfather. “Come, old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom. -Sit down and eat with us.” -</p> -<p>And he stood up on his nimble feet to greet Ilyá of Múrom. And they greeted each other -and kissed each other, and he made Ilyá sit at their table to eat bread and salt with -them. Twelve heroes were they, and Ilyá was the thirteenth. They all ate and drank, -and when they had dined they came away from the oaken table and made their prayer -to God. -</p> -<p>Then the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, spoke and said: -</p> -<p>“My dear godfather, Samson, and you, O mighty Russian heroes! I pray you saddle your -good horses and ride out through the free and open plain to glorious, royal Kiev town. -For before our town of Kiev stands that dog, King Kálin with his great army. He will -lay waste royal Kiev town and cut the peasants to pieces. He will send the churches -of God up in smoke; and as for Prince Vladímir and Apráxia the Princess, he would -cut off their turbulent heads. Now, <span class="pageNum" id="pb63">[<a href="#pb63">63</a>]</span>come ye and defend the Faith and country, and defend our glorious, royal Kiev town, -and protect Prince Vladímir and Apráxia the Princess.” -</p> -<p>And Samson, his godfather, answered him: -</p> -<p>“O my beloved godson, old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! We will not saddle our horses and -ride through the free and open plain to defend our Faith and country, and defend royal -Kiev town. We will not defend the churches of God or protect Prince Vladímir and Apráxia -the Princess. For the Prince in truth has many princes and nobles, and he gives them -food and drink and rewards them. Nothing have we from Prince Vladímir.” -</p> -<p>“O Samson, my dear god-father,” said the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, “this would be -no good thing on our part, to stand apart when King Kálin lays waste Kiev town, and -cuts the peasants to pieces, and sends the churches of God up in smoke, and cuts off -the turbulent heads of Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia. Come, saddle -your good horses and ride through the open plain to Kiev town, to defend the Faith -and country and glorious, royal Kiev, and to protect the churches of God, and Vladímir -the Prince with the Princess Apráxia.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>But unavailing were Ilyá’s entreaties; not one hero would join him for the defence -of Kiev town against the Tartar King and his hosts. Nothing had they from Prince Vladímir, -so they would not help him. -<span class="pageNum" id="pb64">[<a href="#pb64">64</a>]</span></p> -<p>When Ilyá saw that he could not persuade them, he went out from the white tent to -his good hero-horse, took him by his silken bridle and led him away from the white -linen cloth, and from the millet and spring corn. And Ilyá got upon his good steed -and rode through the free and open plain, and up to the great Tartar army. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>No bright falcon is this attacking geese and swans and nights of grey ducks, but a -Hero of Holy Russia, advancing to attack that great host of Tartars. -</p> -<p>He urged on his heroic steed, and rode on through the Tartar army. He began to ride -over the Tartar soldiers and to trample them under his horse’s feet, to tread them -under foot and slay them with his spear. He fought with that great army, and beat -down men as if he were mowing grass. -</p> -<p>His good heroic horse spoke to him in human tongue: -</p> -<p>“Come, thou glorious hero of Holy Russia! If thou dost trample down the Tartars, thou -canst not by thyself conquer this great army. Ride thou up to that dog, King Kálin, -and to that great host of soldiers. With him are mighty heroes and bold warrior-women -of the plains. That dog, King Kálin has had three deep trenches made in the glorious -open plain. When thou ridest on the free and open plain, thou wilt beat down many -men of the forces, and when we come to the deep trenches I shall leap out of the first -trench and will bear thee thence. When we come to the next <span class="pageNum" id="pb65">[<a href="#pb65">65</a>]</span>trench, I shall leap out and bear thee thence. But at the third deep trench I shall -leap out, but I shall not bear thee out of it; in the deep trench wilt thou remain.” -</p> -<p>Now the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, liked not this thing. In his white hand he took -his whip with the lash of silk, and beat his horse upon the ribs, and thus he spoke -to his steed: -</p> -<p>“O thou faithless dog! I feed and water thee and provide for thee, and thou wouldst -leave me in the open plain, even in those deep trenches!” -</p> -<p>And Ilyá rode on through the free and open plain to that great army. And he trampled -men under foot and speared them with his spear, and beat them down like mowing grass. -</p> -<p>And Ilyá’s strength grew no less, and when he came to the deep trench his good horse -leapt out again and bore Ilyá thence, and he urged on his hero-horse through the free -and open plain to that great army; and again he trampled the Tartars under foot, and -speared them and beat them down like mowing grass. And Ilyá’s strength grew no less; -he sat his good horse and grew no older. And he cut his way through with his hero-horse -and fell into the second trench. His good steed leapt out and bore Ilyá thence; and -Ilyá again urged on his steed through the free and open plain, and again he trampled -men under foot and speared them, and beat down Tartars like mowing grass. And Ilyá’s -strength became no less; he sat his good steed and grew no older; but he fell into -the <span class="pageNum" id="pb66">[<a href="#pb66">66</a>]</span>third trench. He cut his way through the deep trench, and also out of the third trench -leapt his good heroic steed, but Ilyá he bore not out thence, for Ilyá slipped off -his good horse, and in the deep trench he remained. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>And there came the Tartars running to catch the good horse, but the heroic steed would -not allow himself to be taken, but galloped away through the open plain. -</p> -<p>Then came the pagan Tartars and fell upon the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, and they -chained together his nimble feet, and bound his white hands, and the Tartars said: -</p> -<p>“Cut off his turbulent head.” -</p> -<p>But some of the Tartars said: -</p> -<p>“There is no need to cut off his turbulent head; we will lead Ilyá to the dog, King -Kálin, and what he commands that must we do.” -</p> -<p>And they took Ilyá through the open plain to that pavilion of white linen, and led -him in to the dog, King Kálin, and placed him before the King, and spoke thus to King -Kálin: -</p> -<p>“Now, O King Kálin, we have taken the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, and have brought -him to thee, O King. Do to him as thou wilt.” -</p> -<p>Then the dog, King Kálin spoke to Ilyá, and said: -</p> -<p>“Now, thou old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! A young puppy have they let loose against my -great army! How couldst thou alone overcome my great host? Unchain Ilyá’s nimble feet -and unloose his white hands.” -<span class="pageNum" id="pb67">[<a href="#pb67">67</a>]</span></p> -<p>So the Tartars removed the bonds from his feet and hands, and the dog, King Kálin -said: -</p> -<p>“Now old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom! Sit down with me at my table, and eat of my sugar -sweetmeats and drink of my honey drink. Wear my costly garments, and take from my -chest of gold what thou needest. Serve no longer the Prince Vladímir, but serve the -dog, King Kálin.” -</p> -<p>And Ilyá answered the King: -</p> -<p>“I will not sit at the same table with thee, nor eat thy sugar sweetmeats, nor drink -of thy honey drinks. I will not wear thy costly garments, nor take gold from thy chest. -I will not serve thee, thou dog, King Kálin, but will serve my Faith and country, -and defend the churches of God and Vladímir the Prince and the Princess Apráxia.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then went forth the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, from that tent of white linen, into -the free and open plain. And the pagan Tartars began to press upon him and tried to -surround him, hoping to gain possession of the old Cossack’s gear. Ilyá saw that he -must bestir himself, and he seized a Tartar by his feet and began to swing him round, -began to strike the Tartars with the Tartar, till they began to flee from him. And -the old Cossack went thus through the whole Tartar army, and came forth into the free -and open plain, and cast the Tartar on one side. -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then Ilyá walked on through the open plain, and <span class="pageNum" id="pb68">[<a href="#pb68">68</a>]</span>he had neither horse nor weapons, but he whistled a mighty whistle, and his good steed -heard him on the open plain, and galloped to the old Cossack his master. The old Cossack, -Ilyá got upon his good steed and rode on through the plain till he came to a high -hill, and he leapt up the hill and looked down towards the west. And in the west near -the white tents stood the good horses of the heroes. Ilyá turned that way with his -good war-horse. He took his strong bow and bent it with his white hands. He tightened -the bowstring of silk, placed the sharp arrow, and into the white tent shot he that -arrow, saying: -</p> -<p>“Fly, O sharp arrow, fly to the white tent. Take the roof off the white tent, and -go, thou arrow, to the white breast of my godfather. Creep thou into his breast and -make a scratch, only a small scratch, a small scratch, not a large one. He sleeps -there and takes his ease, and little can I do here alone.” -</p> -<p>And he let go the silken bowstring and sent off that sharp arrow, and that sharp arrow -whistled into that hero’s white tent. It took the roof off the white tent and fell -upon the white breast of Samson. It crept into his white breast and made but a small -prick, and Samson, the renowned hero of Holy Russia, woke up from his deep sleep and -opened his bright eyes. Quickly he stood upon his nimble feet and cried: -</p> -<p>“Ho! my renowned heroes of Holy Russia! Quickly saddle your good horses and mount -them. From my beloved godson has flown a sharp arrow through my glorious white tent. -From my tent it took the roof, <span class="pageNum" id="pb69">[<a href="#pb69">69</a>]</span>and the arrow crept into my white breast, made a small prick, not a large one. The -cross at my neck preserved me, Samson, the cross at my neck weighing forty stone. -Had that cross not been upon my breast, my tempestuous head would have been torn off.” -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>Then all those heroes of Holy Russia quickly saddled their good horses and rode through -the open plain, towards Kiev town, to the Tartar army. -</p> -<p>And from the high hill the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom, saw them, as they rode their -good horses. He came down from the high hill and rode to meet the Russian heroes. -Twelve in number were the heroes and Ilyá was the thirteenth. -</p> -<p>They rode up to the Tartar host and pushed on their heroic steeds and began to fight -the Tartar army. And they were trampling on the great army, and they came to the linen -tent. -</p> -<p>And in the tent that dog, King Kálin was sitting, and the heroes said: -</p> -<p>“We will cut off the turbulent head of that dog, King Kálin.” -</p> -<p>“Why should we cut off his turbulent head?” said the old Cossack, Ilyá of Múrom. “We -will take him to royal Kiev town, to the glorious Prince Vladímir.” -</p> -<p>So to the glorious Prince Vladímir at the royal town of Kiev they took the dog, King -Kálin. To the white stone palace they took him, and Vladímir, Prince of royal Kiev, -took that dog by his white hands and <span class="pageNum" id="pb70">[<a href="#pb70">70</a>]</span>made him sit at the oaken table, gave him sugar sweetmeats to eat and honey drink -to drink. -</p> -<p>And to Vladímir the Prince spoke King Kálin these words: -</p> -<p>“Come now, Vladímir, Prince of royal Kiev, do not cut off my warlike head. We will -write between us a great writing, and I, King Kálin, will pay thee tribute for ever -and ever—I to thee, Prince Vladímir!” -</p> -<p>And then in those good old times they all sang Glory! -</p> -<p class="tb"></p><p> -</p> -<p>And so they had peace for a time, but fresh hordes of Tartars still came, and the -Russian heroes fought them, and sometimes the Russians could not overcome the Tartars, -and in one of these great fights Ilyá, they say, was caught away from the fighting, -and he was turned into stone, and his good horse with him. -</p> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="back"> -<div class="transcriberNote"> -<h2 class="main">Colophon</h2> -<h3 class="main">Availability</h3> -<p class="first">This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project -Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at <a class="seclink xd31e48" title="External link" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/" rel="home">www.gutenberg.org</a>. -</p> -<p>This eBook is produced by the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at <a class="seclink xd31e48" title="External link" href="https://www.pgdp.net/">www.pgdp.net</a>. -</p> -<p>Scans of this book are available from the Internet Archive (copy <a class="seclink xd31e48" title="External link" href="https://archive.org/details/bylinybookherota00harr">1</a>, <a class="seclink xd31e48" title="External link" href="https://archive.org/details/bylinybookherota00harrrich">2</a>). -</p> -<h3 class="main">Metadata</h3> -<table class="colophonMetadata" summary="Metadata"> -<tr> -<td><b>Title:</b></td> -<td>Byliny Book: Hero Tales of Russia</td> -<td></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><b>Author:</b></td> -<td>Marion Chilton Harrison</td> -<td></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><b>Contributor:</b></td> -<td>Jane Ellen Harrison</td> -<td></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><b>Illustrator:</b></td> -<td>Hugh Stewart</td> -<td></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><b>Language:</b></td> -<td>English</td> -<td></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><b>Original publication date:</b></td> -<td>1915</td> -<td></td> -</tr> </table> -<h3 class="main">Revision History</h3> -<ul> -<li>2021-10-30 Started. </li> -</ul> -<h3 class="main">External References</h3> -<p>This Project Gutenberg eBook contains external references. These links may not work -for you.</p> -<h3 class="main">Corrections</h3> -<p>The following corrections have been applied to the text:</p> -<table class="correctionTable" summary="Overview of corrections applied to the text."> -<tr> -<th>Page</th> -<th>Source</th> -<th>Correction</th> -<th>Edit distance</th> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e207">xi</a></td> -<td class="width40 bottom">Kalin</td> -<td class="width40 bottom">Kálin</td> -<td class="bottom">1 / 0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e288">xiii</a></td> -<td class="width40 bottom">Mùrom</td> -<td class="width40 bottom">Múrom</td> -<td class="bottom">1 / 0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e663">22</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd31e738">30</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd31e1003">50</a></td> -<td class="width40 bottom">ILYA</td> -<td class="width40 bottom">ILYÁ</td> -<td class="bottom">1 / 0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e668">22</a></td> -<td class="width40 bottom">MUROM</td> -<td class="width40 bottom">MÚROM</td> -<td class="bottom">1 / 0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e929">45</a></td> -<td class="width40 bottom"> -[<i>Not in source</i>] -</td> -<td class="width40 bottom">,</td> -<td class="bottom">1</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd31e1087">59</a></td> -<td class="width40 bottom">Apraxia</td> -<td class="width40 bottom">Apráxia</td> -<td class="bottom">1 / 0</td> -</tr> -</table> -</div> -</div> -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BYLINY BOOK ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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