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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/6064.txt b/6064.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c46e7c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/6064.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7739 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Memoirs of Lady Fanshawe, by Lady Fanshawe + +Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the +copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing +this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook. + +This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project +Gutenberg file. Please do not remove it. Do not change or edit the +header without written permission. + +Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the +eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file. Included is +important information about your specific rights and restrictions in +how the file may be used. You can also find out about how to make a +donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved. + + +**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** + +**eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** + +*****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!***** + + +Title: Memoirs of Lady Fanshawe + +Author: Lady Fanshawe + +Release Date: July, 2004 [EBook #6064] +[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule] +[This file was first posted on October 31, 2002] + +Edition: 10 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, MEMOIRS OF LADY FANSHAWE *** + + + + +Juliet Sutherland, Charles Franks and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + + +[Illustration: ANNE, LADY FANSHABE +(From a painting formerly at Parsloes)] + + + + + +MEMOIRS OF LADY FANSHAWE + +WIFE OF SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE, BT. +AMBASSADOR FROM CHARLES II. TO +THE COURTS OF PORTUGAL & MADRID +WRITTEN BY HERSELF CONTAINING +EXTRACTS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE +OF SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE EDITED +WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY BEATRICE +MARSHALL AND A NOTE UPON THE +ILLUSTRATIONS BY ALLAN FEA + + + + + +INTRODUCTION + + + + +There is a deathless charm, despite the efforts of modern novelists +and playwrights to render it stale and hackneyed, attaching to the +middle of the seventeenth century--that period of upheaval and turmoil +which saw a stately debonnaire Court swept away by the flames of Civil +War, and the reign of an usurper succeeded by the Restoration of a +discredited and fallen dynasty. + +So long as the world lasts, events such as the trial and execution of +Charles Stuart will not cease to appeal to the imagination and touch +the hearts of those at least who bring sentiment to bear on the +reading of history. + +It is not to the dry-as-dust historian, however, that we go for +illuminating side-lights on this ever-fascinating time, but rather to +the pen-portraits of Clarendon, the noble canvases of Van Dyck, and +above all to the records of individual experience contained in +personal memoirs. Of these none is more charmingly and vivaciously +narrated or of greater historic value and interest than the following +memoir (first published in 1830) of Sir Richard Fanshawe, "Knight and +Baronet, one of the Masters of the Requests, Secretary of the Latin +Tongue, Burgess of the University of Cambridge, and one of His +Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council of England and Ireland, and +His Majesty's Ambassador to Portugal and Spain." It was written by his +widow in the evening of her days, after a life of storm and stress and +many romantic adventures at home and abroad, for the benefit of the +only son who survived to manhood of fourteen children, most of whom +died in their chrisom robes and whose baby bones were laid to rest in +foreign churchyards. + +Two contemporaries of Lady Fanshawe, Mrs. Hutchinson and the Duchess +of Newcastle, also wrote lives of their husbands, which continue to +live as classics in our literature. But the Royalist Ambassador's wife +is incomparably more sparkling and anecdotic than the Puritan +Colonel's, and she does not adopt the somewhat tiresome "doormat" +attitude of wifely adoration towards the subject of her memoir which +"Mad Margaret" (as Pepys called her Grace of Newcastle) thought +fitting when she took up her fatally facile pen to endow her idolised +lord with all the virtues and all the graces and every talent under +the sun. + +Yet with less lavishly laid on colours, how vivid is the portrait Lady +Fanshawe has painted for posterity of the gallant gentleman and +scholar, one of those "very perfect gentle knights" which that age +produced; loyal and religious, with the straightforward simple piety +that held unwaveringly to the Anglican Church in which he had been +born and brought up. + +And of herself, too, she unconsciously presents a series of charming +pictures. The description of her girlhood is a glimpse into the +bringing up of a Cavalier maiden of quality, of the kind that is +invaluable in a reconstruction of the past from the domestic side. In +the town-house in Hart Street which her father, Sir John Harrison, +rented for the winter months from "my Lord Dingwall," where she was +born, her education was carried on "with all the advantages the time +afforded." She learnt French, singing to the lute, the virginals, and +the art of needlework, and confesses that though she was quick at +learning she was very wild and loved "riding, running and all active +pastimes." + +One can picture the light-hearted "hoyting girl" breaking loose when +she found herself at Balls in Hertfordshire, where the family spent +the summer, and skipping and jumping for sheer joy at being alive. And +then we see her at fifteen suddenly sobered by the death of her +mother, a lady of "excellent beauty and good understanding," and +taking upon her young shoulders the entire management of her father's +household. With naive satisfaction she tells of how well she succeeded +and how she won the esteem of her mother's relations and friends, +being ever "ambitious to keep the best company," which she thanks God +she did all the days of her life. + +Her father, like other loyal gentlemen, cheerfully suffered beggary in +the King's cause. His estates and property were confiscated and he +himself arrested. He managed to escape to Oxford, whither his +daughters followed him, to lodge over a baker's shop in a poor garret +with scarcely any clothes or money, they who had till then lived in +"great plenty and great order." + +The seat of learning was strangely transformed by the presence there +of the moribund Court indulging in its last fling of gaieties and +gallantries on the eve of the debacle of Marston Moor. Soldiers +swarmed in the streets and were billeted over the college gates, and +gardens and groves were the trysting-place of courtiers and beautiful +ladies in that fair spring-time. Oxford melted down its plate for the +King and gave up its ancient halls to masques and plays for the +amusement of the Queen. + +Sir John Harrison and his young daughters played their part in this +brilliant society. Mistress Anne's tender heart was moved to pity by +the "sad spectacle of war," when starving, half-naked prisoners were +marched past the windows of their lodging, but nothing could damp for +long her high spirits and girlish gaiety. We are told (not by herself, +but by the arch-gossip, old Aubrey) that in the company of Lady +Isabella Thynne, brightest star of the Stuart Court, "fine Mistress +Anne" played a practical joke on Dr. Kettle, the woman-hating +President of Trinity, who resented the intrusion of petticoats into +his garden, "dubbed Daphne by the wits." The lady in question aired +herself there in a fantastic garment cut after the pattern of the +angels, with her page and singing boy wafting perfumes and soft music +before her, an apparition not likely to soothe the gigantic, choleric +doctor. Lady Isabella and her friend Anne Harrison figure in one of +the most graphic and remarkable chapters of "John Inglesant," in which +the author has also drawn largely from these memoirs for a foundation +to one of his imaginary episodes. The girl of eighteen, full of life +and enthusiasm, was doubtless flattered at being taken up by the +fashionable Court beauty, and may have allowed herself to be led into +rather dangerous frolics, till Richard Fanshawe, a connection of her +mother's family whom she had not met before, came to wait on the King +at Christ Church. The two were thrown much together, and we may be +sure Anne's time was now claimed by one she admired even more +fervently than the eccentric Lady Isabella. Sir Richard wooed and won +his fair young kinswoman amidst the alarums of war, and they were +married at Wolvercot Church in May 1644, when the fritillaries were in +bloom along the banks of Isis and Cavaliers still made merry in the +last stronghold of a waning cause. + +It must have been a picturesque group which assembled at the altar of +the little quiet country church; the joyous bride with her fair young +sister and handsome father of whom she was so proud, and the genial +bridegroom who was of "more than the common height of men," and so +popular that every one, even the King, called him Dick. Those +troublous times had reduced the fortunes of both Harrisons and +Fanshawes to the lowest ebb, and the young couple started their +married life on 20 pounds and the forlorn hope of their Sovereign's +promise of eventual compensation. When her husband went to Bristol +with the Prince of Wales, we see the young wife left at Oxford, in +delicate health, with scarcely a penny and a dying first-born. She +relates how she was sitting in the garden of St. John's College +breathing the air for the first time after her illness, when a letter +came from Bristol, to her "unspeakable joy" containing fifty gold +pieces and a summons to join Mr. Fanshawe, and how there was a sound +of drums beating in the roadway under the garden wall, and she went up +to the Mount to see Sir Charles Lee's company of soldiers march past, +and as she stood leaning against a tree a volley of shot was fired to +salute her, and she narrowly escaped being hit by a brace of bullets +which struck the tree two inches above her head. + +Thus began the long series of separations, reunions, hardships, and +extraordinary adventures which this brave, fair Royalist passed +through. Like Queen Henrietta Maria, she seems hardly ever to have +gone to sea without being nearly "cast away." From Red Abbey in +Ireland she and her babies and servants had to fly at the peril of +their lives through "an unruly tumult with swords in their hands." On +the Isles of Scilly she was put ashore more dead than alive, and +plundered of all her possessions by the sailors. At Portsmouth she and +her husband were fired upon by Dutch men-of-war, and another time they +were shipwrecked in the Bay of Biscay. Yet her buoyant temperament was +never crushed. She might have said with Shakespeare's Beatrice, "A +star danced when I was born," so infinite was her capacity for keeping +on the "windy side of care." + +It was the old "hoyting girl" spirit still alive in her which prompted +her to borrow the cabin boy's blue thrum-cap and tarred coat for half +a crown to stand beside her husband on the deck when they were +threatened by a Turkish galley on their way to Spain. But it was the +true womanly spirit, tender, loving, devoted, which, after the Battle +of Worcester, where Sir Richard was made a prisoner, took her every +morning on foot when four boomed from the steeples, along the sleeping +Strand to stand beneath his prison window on the bowling-green at +Whitehall. This happened during the wettest autumn that ever was +known, and "the rain went in at her neck and out at her heels." + +Sir Richard was released on parole by Cromwell, and for seven years +the Fanshawes lived in comparative retirement in London and at +Tankersley, the seat of the Lord Strafford in Yorkshire. Here they +planted fruit-trees, and Sir Richard completed most of his literary +work. Even when he was walking out of doors he was seen generally with +some book in his hand, "which oftentimes was poetry." He translated +the "Lusiad" of de Camoens, Guarini's famous pastoral the "Pastor +Fide," and various pieces from Horace and Virgil. In Yorkshire their +favourite little daughter Nan, the "dear companion of her mother's +travels and sorrows," died of small-pox, and they left it for +Hertfordshire, where the news of the Protector's death reached them in +1658. + +They were allowed now to join the Court in France, and the exiled King +appointed his faithful servant Dick Fanshawe Master of the Requests +and Latin Secretary. He and his wife came home with the King at the +Restoration, and her account of that gala voyage is one of the +brightest and most vivid that has survived. It seems literally to +burst with the jubilation and new hopes born by this event in a long- +distracted country. + +Charles II. gave Sir Richard his portrait framed in diamonds, and sent +him first on an embassy to Portugal to negotiate his marriage, and +then appointed him to the still more important post of Ambassador to +Spain. On June 26, 1666, he died at Madrid of fever at the age of +fifty-eight. + +The England to which his wife brought his body had not fulfilled the +high hopes and dreams of the Restoration. The vice, and laxity of +morals into which it was sinking, would certainly have been repugnant +to the clean-living, high-souled statesman, and we can hardly think +him unhappy in the time of his death. + +He was buried with much pomp in the Church of St. Mary at Ware, and +his monument stands in a side chapel near the chancel. There, thirteen +years later, his loyal lady and sprightly biographer was laid beside +him in the vault and beneath the monument which she says: "Cost me two +hundred pounds; and here if God pleases I intend to lie myself." + +An unfinished sentence gives a pathetic close to these pages, so full +of touches of humour, keen observation and racy anecdote. It would +seem as if the hand which wielded so descriptive and ready a pen had +wearied of its task; as if, at last, the sunny nature was overcast and +the merry heart saddened. But surely not another word is needed to +make the narrative more perfect. Those who first become acquainted +with it in this reprint will meet with many things less familiar than +Lady Fanshawe's moving account of her leave-taking from Charles I. at +Hampton Court, which has been quoted hundreds of times. They will be +thrilled by at least three stories of the supernatural told with the +elan and consummate simplicity that exceeds art, and they will be +charmed with the ingenuousness of the writer when she writes about +herself, and her masterly little sketches by the way of such +characters of the time as Sir Kenelm Digby and Lord Goring, son of the +Earl of Norwich. Indeed, we venture to think they cannot fail to find +the whole book delightful, because, though relating to a long-vanished +past, it is as livingly human and fresh as if written yesterday. + +BEATRICE MARSHALL. + + + + + +NOTES ON THE ILLUSTRATIONS + + + + +As will be seen from the rough pedigree appended, the Baronetcy became +extinct in 1694 with Sir Richard, Lady Fanshawe's son; while the +Viscountcy, which was given to this Sir Richard's uncle, Thomas, came +to an end in 1716 with Simon, the fifth Viscount. The knightly and +lordly branches having failed, the tail male was represented by the +Fanshawes of Jenkins, of Parsloes, and of Great Singleton. + +The first branch became extinct in 1705, Sir Thomas Fanshawe of +Jenkins leaving no male issue, and thus the heirlooms have descended +to the two latter branches. The representatives of both these families +possess the portraits, manuscripts, &c., many of which came originally +from Ware Park,[Footnote: By the will of Sir Henry Fanshawe, who dies +in 1616, it appears that some of the older pictures came from the +"gallery," and his house in Warwick Lane. He directed they should be +brought to Ware Park and remain as heirlooms.] the parental house of +Lady Fanshawe's Royalist husband, as well as from Jenkins and +Parsloes. + +But before speaking of the heirlooms it may not be out of place to say +something of these old seats of the Fanshawes and one or two other +places mentioned in the Memoirs. + +Parsloes, which stands partly in the parish of Barking and partly in +Dagenham (Essex), is now in a very forlorn and dilapidated condition. +Alterations that have been made from time to time, particularly the +embellishments of 1814, which have somewhat given the old mansion a +Strawberry-Hill-Gothic appearance, have in a measure destroyed its +original character. Yet some panelled rooms remain, and some fine +carved stone fireplaces that were removed here many years ago from the +adjacent Elizabethan mansion, Eastbury House. [Footnote: Vide +"Picturesque Old Houses."] + +Jenkins, the more important estate, which passed away from the family +in the early part of the eighteenth century, was a large square-moated +timber house with two towers. Remains of the old fishponds and +terraces may still be traced (about a mile from Parsloes), but nothing +remains of the house or of a later structure which followed it. +Indeed, the very name is now forgotten. + +The mansion Ware Park has also long since been pulled down and +rebuilt. It was sold owing to Sir Henry Fanshawe's losses in the +Royalist cause. + +Of the Derbyshire seat, Fanshawe Gate, at Holmesfield near Dronfield, +there are still some picturesque remains, and the Church of Dronfield +contains some good sixteenth-century brasses to the early members of +the family. + +Lady Fanshawe's parental house, Balls Park, near Hertford, though much +modernised of recent years, dates back from the reign of Charles I. By +intermarriage the estate passed to the Townshends, and the late +Marquis sold it a few years ago. + +Among the Townshend heirlooms which were dispersed in March 1904, were +many portraits of the Harrisons, including a fine full-length of Lady +Anne's Cavalier brother, William, who died fighting for the King in +1643.[Footnote: As the present owner of Balls Park, Sir G. Faudel- +Phillips, was a conspicuous purchaser at this sale, it may be presumed +some of the Harrison portraits have found their way back to their +original home.] + +"Little Grove," East Barnet, another place mentioned in the Memoirs, +was rebuilt in 1719, and renamed "New Place." + +It would be interesting if the position of Lady Fanshawe's lodgings in +Chancery Lane, "at my cousin Young's," could be located. The house +there that her husband rented from Sir George Carey in 1655-6, in all +probability was the same which is mentioned in the artist George +Vertue's MS. Collections as the old timber house that was once the +dwelling of Cardinal Wolsey. In a "great room above stairs," he said, +were carved arms and supporters of the Carews [Careys], who had +repaired the ceilings, &c. At the time he wrote the building was used +as a tavern. [Footnote: Vide Notes and Queries. Second Series, vol. +xii., pp. 1, 81; also Middlesex and Hertfordshire Notes and Querie., +vol. iii., p. 30.] The house on the north side of Lincoln's Inn Fields +known as "The Pine Apples," where Lady Fanshawe was living at the time +of her husband's death, has disappeared with the other old residences +on that side of the square. Nothing is said in the Memoirs to locate +the building where she met her husband when he was brought to London a +prisoner after Worcester fight. The room in Whitehall facing the +Bowling-green of course perished in the fire which destroyed the +Palace at the end of the seventeenth century. [Footnote: A description +of Borstal Tower mentioned in the Memoirs will be found in +"Picturesque Old Houses."] + +In regard to the monument of Sir Richard in Ware Church, which was +erected to his memory by Lady Fanshawe, it is strange that there is no +record of the interment in the Register. In the Register of All Saints +Church, Hertford,[Footnote: The old church, including a fine monument +to the Harrisons, was completely destroyed by fire a few years ago.] +however, it is stated that the body was first interred in Sir John +Harrison's vault:--"1671, May 18. Sir Richard Fanshawe, Ambassador, +was taken out of this vault and laid in his vault at Ware." The +monument was formerly in the Chapel at the south side of Ware Church, +and was afterwards removed to the east wall of the south transept. No +memorial marks the last resting-place of Lady Fanshawe. She was +interred in the new vault that had been prepared for her husband under +St. Mary's Chapel. + +As before stated, the family portraits are now in the possession of +the descendants of the half-brothers William [Footnote: It was William +who married Mary Sarsfield, nee Walter, the Duke of Monmouth's sister. +Vide "King Monmouth."] and John Fanshawe, the sons of Lady Fanshawe's +cousin, John Fanshawe. + +The portraits of the Parsloes branch remained in the old Essex house +until some thirty years ago, when they were removed to a town +residence. They included Lady Fanshawe's portrait (reproduced here), +the original of that engraved in her Memoirs in 1830 (by no means too +faithfully); portraits of her husband Sir Richard, by Dobson +[Footnote: An interesting portrait of Sir Richard in fancy dress by +Dobson is at West Horsley Place.] and Lely; Sir Simon (the rake), with +Naseby Field in the background: Sir Richard's grandfather, Thomas, +Remembrancer to Queen Elizabeth; Alice, the second wife of Sir +Richard's cousin, John of Parsloes (the daughter of his cousin Sir +Thomas Fanshawe of Jenkins, and the mother-in-law of the Duke of +Monmouth's half-sister, Mary Walter); Sir Richard's nephew, Thomas, +the second Viscount (in breastplate and flowing wig), and his second +wife, Lady Sarah, the daughter of Sir John Evelyn and widow of Sir +John Wray. [Footnote: The ancient Lincolnshire family of Wray is +mentioned in the Introduction of "King Monmouth" in connection with +the remarkable portrait of the Duke after decapitation, which formerly +was in the possession of Sir Cecil Wray. Since writing on this subject +it occurs to me that it is very possible that the picture may have +come originally to the Wrays through Lady Sarah Fanshawe, her husband +being a cousin of the Duke's sister's second husband. Mary Fanshawe, +nee Walter, it is very possible may have come into the possession of +the portrait (perhaps after Henrietta, Lady Wentworth's death, for +whom there is a tradition the picture was originally painted), and her +straitened circumstances may have induced her to part with the work to +the relatives of her kinswoman.] + +The original MS. of the Memoirs (of which, thanks to the courtesy of +the owner, Mr. E. J. Fanshawe, I am able to give an illustration) is +bound in old red leather, and bears the Fanshawe arms. It was written +in 1676 for Lady Fanshawe's "most dear and only" surviving son. This +Sir Richard, the second Baronet, died in Clerkenwell in July 1694, +having some years previously had the misfortune through illness to +become deaf and dumb. + +Comment at various times has been made upon the inaccuracy of the +printed Memoirs, but judging from a personal inspection of the +original, there appear to be but few serious errors. [Footnote: +"Turning" for "Trimming instruments" (in Lady Anne's will), and such +like slips. See p. 29.] + +It must, however, be pointed out that the editor, Sir Harris Nicholas, +only used a COPY of the Memoirs which was made from the original in +1766 by Charlotte Colman, Lady Fanshawe's great grand-daughter. The +editor's transcript, though made ten years later, was not published +until half a century afterwards. [Footnote: Vide Preface of 1830 +Edition.] I draw attention to this fact as the Rev. T. L. Fanshawe, +the grandfather of the present owner of the MS., was under the +impression that his original Memoirs when lent to a friend had been +copied and printed without permission, which in the face of the above +statement could not have been the case. [Footnote: I have been +indebted to Mr. Walter Crouch, Mr. R. T. Andrews, and to Mr. H. W. +King's Notes on the Fanshawe Family, 1868-72, for some of the above +information.] + +ALLAN FEA. + + + + + +CONTENTS + + + + +INTRODUCTION + +NOTES ON THE ILLUSTRATIONS + +INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR + +MEMOIRS OF LADY FANSHAWE + +EXTRACTS FROM THE CORRESPONDENCE OF SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE ILLUSTRATIVE +OF MEMOIR + +PEDIGREE SHOWING THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE VARIOUS MEMBERS OF THE +FANSHAWE FAMILY MENTIONED IN LADY FANSHAWE'S MEMOIRS + +INDEX + + + + + +LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS + + + + +Anne, Lady Fanshawe....Frontispiece +From a painting formerly at Parsloes + +The Original Manuscript of the Fanshawe Memoirs + +Ware Park, Hertfordshire +From an old print in the possession of R. T. Andrews, Esq. + +Parsloes, Essex +Present day + +Sir Richard Fanshawe, Bart +From a painting by Lely in the possession of Captain Stirling + +Anne, Lady Fanshawe +From a painting by Lely in the possession of Captain Stirling + +The arrival of Catherine of Braganza at Portsmouth, on May 14, 1662 +From a contemporary print + +The Queen's arrival at Whitehall, August 23, 1662 +(vide Pepys' Diary of that date) +From a contemporary print + +Anne, Lady Fanshawe +From an old print in the possession of E. J. Fanshawe, Esq. + +Sir Richard Fanshawe, Bart +From an engraving by Farthorne in the possession of E. J. Fanshawe, +Esq. + +All Saints' Church, Hertford +From an old print in the possession of R. T. Andrews, Esq. + + +Monument in Ware Church Erected to the Memory of her husband by Lady +Fanshawe + + + + + +INTRODUCTORY MEMOIR + + + + +It may, possibly, be thought unnecessary to prefix to this work a +biographical sketch of the persons whose careers are faithfully +related in it; and it may be considered an act of imprudence to place +the cold and measured statements of an Editor in juxta-position with +the nervous and glowing narrative of the amiable historian of the +lives of her husband and herself. The latter objection, however true, +ought not to prevent such remarks being made as may cause her labours +to be better understood, and more highly appreciated; especially, as +information can be supplied, and in a few instances, comments +submitted, which may render that justice to the writer it was +impossible for her to do to herself. + +These pages will, however, contain a statement of the chief events of +the lives of Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe; and although most of them +are mentioned in her Memoir, they are so frequently interrupted by +anecdotes and reflections, as well as by accounts of places and +ceremonies, that it is often difficult to follow her. This article may +then be considered as the outline of a picture, which is filled up by +a far abler and more pleasing artist; or, perhaps, it bears a nearer +resemblance to the graphic references which generally accompany the +descriptions of paintings, for the purpose of illustrating them. + +The genealogy of the Fanshawe family is so fully stated in the Memoir, +that it is not requisite to allude to the subject, farther than to +observe, that Sir Richard was descended from an ancient and +respectable house; that many of its members filled official situations +under the Crown, and were honoured with Knighthood; that he was the +fifth and youngest son of Sir Henry Fanshawe, of Ware Park, in +Hertfordshire, Knight, by Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Smythe, Esq., +Farmer of the Customs to Queen Elizabeth, the younger son of an +ancient Wiltshire family, and ancestor of the Viscounts Strangford; +and that his eldest brother was raised to the peerage by the title of +Viscount Fanshawe, of Dromore, in Ireland. + +Sir Richard Fanshawe was born at Ware Park, in June 1608, and was +baptized on the 12th of that month. His father having died in 1616, +when he was little more than seven years old, the care of his +education devolved upon his mother, who placed him under the +celebrated schoolmaster, Thomas Farnaby; and in November 1623 he was +admitted a Fellow-commoner of Jesus College, Cambridge, where he is +said to have prosecuted his studies with success, and to have evinced +a taste for classical literature. Being intended for the Bar, he was +entered of the Inner Temple on the 22nd of January 1626; but that +profession ill-accorded with his genius, and he appears to have +selected it in obedience to the wishes of his mother, rather than from +his own choice. It has been supposed that he continued his legal +pursuits until her death left him free to follow his inclination to +travel; but this is not the fact, as he had returned to England before +her decease. At what period he abandoned the law is not known; but +about 1627 he went abroad, with the view of acquiring foreign +languages. Lady Fanshawe says that the whole stock of money with which +he commenced his travels did not exceed eighty-five pounds; that he +proceeded first to Paris, where he remained for twelve months, and +thence went to Madrid; and that he did not return to England for some +years. In 1630 he was appointed Secretary to Lord Aston's embassy to +the Court of Spain, in consequence of the information which he +possessed of the country; but in attaining that knowledge he spent +great part of his patrimony, which amounted only to 50 pounds per +annum, and 1500 pounds in money. + +When Lord Aston was recalled, Mr. Fanshawe remained as the Charge +d'Affaires until Sir Arthur Hopton was nominated Ambassador to Madrid; +and he arrived in England in 1637 or 1638. For two years after his +return, he seems to have been in constant expectation of some +appointment, but his views were frustrated by Secretary Windebank. At +the expiration of that time, his eldest brother resigned to him the +situation of Remembrancer of the Court of Exchequer, but upon terms +which prevented its being of any immediate pecuniary advantage. The +Civil War, however, then broke out and being one of the King's sworn +servants, he attended his Majesty to Oxford, where he met the fair +author of these Memoirs. + +Anne, the eldest daughter of Sir John Harrison, of Balls, in the +county of Hertford, by Margaret, daughter of Robert Fanshawe, of +Fanshawe Gate Esq., great uncle of Sir Richard Fanshawe, was born in +St. Olave's, Hart Street, London, on the 25th of March 1625. Of her +education and early life she has given a pleasing description, and, +until the Civil War, her family lived in uninterrupted happiness. Her +father having warmly espoused the Royal cause, he attended the Court +to Oxford, and desired his daughters to come to him in that city, +where they endured many privations, "living in a baker's house in an +obscure street, and sleeping in a bad bed in a garret, with bad +provisions, no money, and little clothes." The picture of Oxford at +that moment is truly deplorable, and the sufferings of the royalists +appear to have been very severe, but which she describes as having +been borne "with a martyr-like cheerfulness." The offer of a Baronetcy +to her father--the only return which it was then in the power of the +Crown to bestow, for the heavy losses he had sustained--was gratefully +declined on the ground of poverty. In 1644 important changes took +place in her family, or, as she poetically expresses it, alluding to +the state of public affairs, "as the turbulence of the waves disperses +the splinters of the rock," so were they separated. Her brother +William died in consequence of a fall from his horse, which was shot +under him in a skirmish against a party of the Earl of Essex the year +before; and on the 18th of May she became the wife of Mr. Fanshawe, in +Wolvercot Church, two miles from Oxford, being then in her twentieth +year, and her husband about thirty-six. He was at that time Secretary +at War, and was promised promotion the first opportunity. The fortune +of each was in expectation: they were, she says, "truly merchant +adventurers," their whole capital being only twenty pounds; and, to +preserve the simile, that capital was laid out in the articles of his +trade--in pens, ink, and paper. What was wanting in money was amply +supplied by prudence and affection; and there is no difficulty in +believing her assurance, that they lived better than those whose +prospects were much brighter. + +Whilst at Oxford, in 1644, the University conferred upon Mr. Fanshawe +the degree of Doctor of Laws. In the beginning of March 1645 he +attended the Prince to Bristol, but in consequence of his wife's +confinement, she did not accompany him; and the circumstances of their +separation are affecting. She joined him in that city in May, at which +time he was appointed Secretary to the Prince of Wales, but in +consequence of the plague they quitted Bristol, in July 1645, and +proceeded with his Royal Highness to Barnstaple, and thence to +Launceston and Truro, in Cornwall. From Truro the Court removed to +Pendennis Castle; and early in April 1646 the Prince and his suite +embarked for the Scilly Islands. Great as their privations were at +Oxford, they were much exceeded by their sufferings at Scilly; and no +one can peruse the description of their voyage to and lodgings in that +island with indifference. To illness were added cold and hunger: they +were plundered by their friends in flying from their enemies; and to +add to the misery of their situation, Mrs. Fanshawe was very near her +confinement. + +After passing three weeks in that desolate place, the Prince and his +suite went to Jersey, where they were hospitably received; and where +Mrs. Fanshawe gave birth to her second child. On the Prince's quitting +Jersey in July, for Paris, Mr. Fanshawe's employment ceased; and he +remained in that island with Lord Capell, Lord Hopton, and the +Chancellor, for a fortnight after his Royal Highness's departure, when +he and his wife went to Caen, to his brother Lord Fanshawe, who was +ill, leaving their infant at Jersey, under the care of Lady Carteret, +the wife of the Governor. From Caen, Mrs. Fanshawe was sent to +England, by her husband, to raise money: she arrived in London early +in September 1646, where she succeeded in obtaining permission for him +to compound for his estates for the sum of 300 pounds, and to return. + +They continued in England until October 1647, living in great +seclusion; and in July in that year, whilst the unfortunate Charles +was at Hampton Court, Mr. Fanshawe waited upon him, and received his +instructions to proceed to Madrid. Mrs. Fanshawe states that she had +three audiences of his Majesty at Hampton Court, and her description +of the last interview with which she and her husband were honoured, +exhibits the injured monarch as a husband, a father, a master, a +sovereign, and a Christian, in the most pleasing light, and is ample +evidence of the natural goodness of his heart. "The last time I ever +saw him," she says, "was on taking my leave. I could not refrain from +weeping, and when he saluted me, I prayed to God to preserve his +Majesty with long life and happy years. He stroked me on the cheek, +and said, 'Child, if God pleaseth it shall be so; but both you and I +must submit to God's will, and you know in what hands I am.' Turning +to Mr. Fanshawe, he said, 'Be sure, Dick, [Footnote: That the Royal +family were accustomed to address Mr. Fanshawe in so familiar a +manner, appears from a letter from the Duke of York, afterwards James +the Second, dated at Paris, 18th November, 1651, to Sir Edward +Nicholas: "I have received yours of the 8th of November from the +Hague, and with it that from DICK FANSHAWE."--Evelyn's Correspondence, +vol. v. p. 188.] to tell my son all that I have said, and deliver +those letters to my wife. Pray God bless her! I hope I shall do well;' +and taking him in his arms, observed, 'Thou hast ever been an honest +man, and I hope God will bless thee, and make thee a happy servant to +my son, whom I have charged in my letter to continue his love and +trust to you;' adding, 'I do promise you, that if ever I am restored +to my dignity, I will bountifully reward you both for your services +and sufferings.'" + +In the few days they passed at Portsmouth, previous to their quitting +England in October 1647, they narrowly escaped being killed by a shot +fired into the town by the Dutch fleet. From that place they embarked +for France, but returned to England, in April 1648, by Jersey, whence +they brought with them their daughter, whom they had left under the +care of Lady Carteret. In September Mr. Fanshawe attended the Prince +of Wales on board the fleet in the Downs, in which a division existed, +part being for the King and part for the Parliament. The Prince +resolved to reduce the latter to obedience by force, but a storm +separated the ships, and prevented an engagement. Three months +afterwards, Mr. Fanshawe went to Paris on the Prince's affairs, +whither he was followed by his wife; and they passed six weeks there +in the society of the Queen-Mother and the Princess Royal and their +suite, amongst whom was the poet Waller and his wife. From Paris they +went to Calais, where they met Sir Kenelm Digby, who related some of +his extraordinary stories: from that town she again went to England +with the hope of raising money for her husband's subsistence abroad +and her own at home. Mr. Fanshawe was sent to Flanders; and thence, in +the February following, into Ireland, to receive whatever money Prince +Rupert could raise by the fleet under his command, but that effort +proved unsuccessful. At her husband's desire, Mrs. Fanshawe proceeded +with her family to join him, and landed at Youghal after a hazardous +voyage. They took up their residence at Red Abbey, a house belonging +to Dean Boyle, near Cork, and passed six months in comparative +tranquillity, receiving great kindness from the nobility and gentry of +the neighbourhood. + +Their happiness, however, was but transitory. On the 2nd of September +in that year Mr. Fanshawe was created a Baronet; and it is singular +that no other allusion should occur to the circumstance in the Memoir +than a notice of his having left the patent in Scotland before the +battle of Worcester. + +The Queen received them at Paris with great attention; and after many +acts of favour, she despatched Sir Richard to the King, who was then +on his way to Scotland. Lady Fanshawe and her husband proceeded to +Calais, it being necessary that she should go to England to procure +money for his journey, and in the mean time he intended to reside in +Holland; but circumstances caused him to be immediately sent into +Scotland, where he was received with marked kindness by the King and +by the York party, who gave him the custody of the Great Seal and +Privy Signet. No persuasions could induce him to take the Covenant; +but he performed the duties of his office with a zeal and temper +which, we are told, obtained for him the esteem of all parties. + +Lady Fanshawe continued in London, in a state of great uneasiness +about Sir Richard, having two young children to maintain, with very +limited resources; and to add to her discomfort, she was again very +near her confinement. She observes, that she seldom went out of her +lodgings, and spent her time chiefly in prayer for the deliverance of +the King and her husband. A daughter, Elizabeth, was born on the 24th +of June, and on her recovery she went to her brother-in-law's, at Ware +Park, where the news reached her of the battle of Worcester, on the +3rd of September; and after some days' suspense, she learned that Sir +Richard was taken prisoner. + +She then hastened to town, intending to seek him wherever he might be; +but on her arrival she learned from him that he would shortly be +brought to London, and he appointed a place near Charing Cross where +she should meet him. Their interview lasted only a few hours; after +which he was conveyed to Whitehall, and was closely confined there for +ten weeks, expecting daily to be put to death. The manner in which she +went secretly to his prison at four o'clock every morning, and her +unwearied zeal to alleviate his sufferings, afford a beautiful example +of female devotion; and it was owing to her exertions alone that he +was ultimately released on bail. + +Illness induced Sir Richard to go to Bath, in August 1652, the greater +part of the winter of which year they passed at Benford, in +Hertfordshire; but having occasion to wait on the Earl of Strafford, +in Yorkshire, his Lordship offered him a house in Tankersley Park, +which he accepted. His family removed thither in March 1652, and +during his residence there he amused himself in literary pursuits, and +translated Luis de Camoens. The death of their favourite daughter +Anne, on the 23rd of July 1654, at the age of between nine and ten, +made them quit Tankersley, and they proceeded to Homerton, in +Huntingdonshire, the seat of Sir Richard Fanshawe's sister, Lady +Bedell, where they resided six months; when he being sent for to +London, and forbidden to go beyond five miles of it, his wife and +children removed to the metropolis. Excepting a visit to Frog Pool, in +Kent, the residence of Sir Philip Warwick, they remained in London +until July 1656, during which time Lady Fanshawe had two children, and +her husband suffered severely from illness. + +Tired of living in town, Sir Richard obtained permission to go to +Bengy, in Hertfordshire, where he and his wife were attacked with an +ague, which confined her to her bed for many months, and did not +finally leave her for nearly two years, when a visit to Bath perfectly +restored them both. The news of Cromwell's death, in September 1658, +which reached them whilst in that city, caused them to go to London, +with the hope of Sir Richard's getting released from his bail; and +under the pretence of becoming tutor to the son of the Earl of +Pembroke, whilst on his travels, he was permitted to leave England. On +his arrival at Paris, he wrote to Lord Clarendon, acquainting him with +his escape, and desiring him to inform his Majesty of the +circumstance. About April 1659, his Lordship replied that the King was +then going into Spain, but that on his return, which would be in the +beginning of the winter, he should come to his Majesty, who in the +meantime gave him the situations of one of the Masters of Requests, +and Latin Secretary. + +Sir Richard Fanshawe then requested his wife to come to Paris with +part of his children, but her application for a passport was refused; +and she relates the ingenious manner in which she imposed upon the +Government, by obtaining a pass in the name of Anne Harrison; the +pretended wife of a young merchant, and altering the word to Fanshawe, +by which means she escaped to Calais, and joined her husband at Paris. + +Charles the Second came to Combes, near Paris, on a visit to his +mother, in November 1659, where Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe had an +interview with him, and were received most graciously, with promises +of future protection. Sir Richard being desired to follow his Majesty +to Flanders, he went thither in December, having previously sent his +wife to London for money, where she arrived with her children in +January 1660. Soon afterwards she followed him to Newport, Bruges, +Ghent, and Brussels, where the Royal family of England were residing, +by all of whom they were treated with kindness. After staying three +weeks at Brussels, Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe went to Breda, where +they heard of the Restoration, at which place, in April, his Majesty +is said to have conferred on him the honour of Knighthood, [Footnote: +Biographia Britannica.] though the fact is not mentioned in the +Memoir. + +On joining the King at the Hague, he promised to reward Sir Richard's +fidelity and sufferings, by appointing him Secretary of State; but +through the machinations of "that false man," as Lady Fanshawe calls +Lord Clarendon, the royal word was not fulfilled. When his Majesty +embarked for England, Sir Richard was ordered to attend him in his own +ship; and a frigate was appointed to convey his family. The morning +after Charles's arrival at Whitehall, Lady Fanshawe, with some other +ladies, waited upon him to offer their congratulations, on which +occasion he assured her of his favour, and presented Sir Richard with +his portrait set in diamonds. To the Parliament summoned immediately +after the restoration he was returned for the University of Cambridge; +and "had the good fortune," his affectionate biographer says, "to be +the first chosen, and the first returned member of the Commons House +in Parliament, after the King came home; and this cost him no more +than a letter of thanks, and two brace of bucks, and twenty broad +pieces of gold to buy them wine." To the jealousy of Lord Clarendon, +who was anxious to remove Sir Richard from about the King's person, +Lady Fanshawe imputes the circumstance of his being sent to Portugal +to negotiate the marriage with the Princess Katharine, to whom he was +charged to present his Majesty's picture; but this appointment is +strong proof of the confidence which was reposed in his discretion and +abilities. He returned to England in December, and during his absence +Lady Fanshawe remained in London, where she gave birth to a daughter +in January 1662. On the arrival of the Queen at Portsmouth, Sir +Richard Fanshawe was sent to receive her, and was present at her +marriage, the description of which ceremony is historically valuable. + +Early in 1662 he was nominated a Privy Counsellor of Ireland: in +August he was again sent on an embassy to Lisbon, and was accompanied +by his wife and children. Their journey to Plymouth, their voyage, +their arrival at Lisbon, their reception at Court, and the city, are +minutely described. After a year's residence in Portugal, Sir Richard +was recalled: he returned to London in September 1663, and proceeded +to wait on the King at Bath, who was pleased to raise him to the rank +of a Privy Counsellor. In January 1664, he was appointed Ambassador to +the Court of Madrid, and having embarked at Portsmouth, with a +numerous retinue, on board a squadron on the 31st of that month, they +arrived at Cadiz on the 23rd of February. + +Nearly the whole of the remainder of the Memoir is filled with an +account of their journey to Madrid, of their splendid reception, of +the manners of the Spaniards, of various places, and of public events +and ceremonies. These descriptions display considerable judgment and +quickness of observation, and contain some valuable information. Many +of the anecdotes which occur are interesting, and like every other +part of the narrative, they are told with a simplicity which renders +it impossible to doubt their accuracy. + +At Madrid, Lady Fanshawe gave birth to her son Richard; and the prayer +which she breathes for his prosperity exhibits her piety and affection +in lively colours. Sir Richard Fanshawe went on a mission to Lisbon in +January 1664, and returned to Madrid early in March following. On the +17th of December 1665, he signed a treaty with the Spanish minister, +but the King refused to ratify it, and he was recalled, when the Earl +of Sandwich was sent to replace him, who arrived at Corunna in March +following. Previous to this circumstance, Lady Fanshawe intended to +return to England to see her father, who was on the verge of the +grave; but she then resolved to wait for Sir Richard's departure. + +She was now, however, destined to experience the severest of all her +trials, in the death of her husband, who, after introducing Lord +Sandwich at Court on the 15th of June, was seized with an ague, and +expired on the 26th of the same month. [Footnote: According to the +inscription on his monument, he died on the SIXTEENTH of June; the +discrepancy arose from the difference in the style.] + +No other language could convey an adequate idea of Lady Fanshawe's +feelings under her loss, than that in which she has expressed them; +and her address to the Almighty on her sufferings merits every +possible praise. + +Some of Sir Richard Fanshawe's biographers have imputed his death to a +broken heart, in consequence of his being recalled; but this is a +gratuitous assertion, for nothing of the kind is hinted in the Memoir, +though the conduct of Lord Clarendon and others towards him is +severely commented upon. His letter to the King on the occasion is +preserved, from which it is evident that he felt his recall deeply, +but the gracious communication by which it was accompanied lessened +the severity of the act, and he seems anxiously to have looked forward +to his arrival in England to defend his conduct. + +Lady Fanshawe resolved on accompanying her husband's corpse to +England; but, previous to her quitting Madrid, the Queen-Regent of +Spain offered her a pension, and promised to provide for her children, +if she and they would embrace the Roman Catholic faith; an offer, +which it would be an insult to her memory to attribute any merit to +her for refusing. Having disposed of her plate, furniture, and horses, +she left the Siete Chimeneas, in a private manner, on the 8th of July, +and observes, "Never did any ambassador's family come into Spain so +gloriously, or went out so sad." She reached Bilboa on the 21st of +July, where Sir Richard's corpse awaited her arrival, and remained +there until the 3rd of October. The mournful train then proceeded +towards England, by Bayonne and Paris, where they arrived on the 30th +of October. After an audience of the Queen-Mother, Lady Fanshawe set +out for Calais; and on the 2nd of November was conveyed to the Tower +Wharf in a French vessel-of-war. On the 26th, the body of Sir Richard, +attended by seven of the gentlemen of his suite, was interred in +Allhallows Church, in Hertford, whence it was removed, in May 1671, to +a vault in St. Mary's Chapel in Ware Church, where his widow erected a +handsome monument, with the following inscription to his memory:-- + +P.M.S. + +In Hypogeo, juxta hoc monumentum, +jacet corpus nobilissimi viri +RICARDI FANSHAWE, +Equitis Aurati et Baronetti, ex antiqua illa familia de +Ware Parke, in comitatu Hertfordiae, +Henrici Fanshawe, Equitis Aurati, prolis decimae. +Uxorem duxit Annam filiam natu maximam Johannis +Harrison, Equitis Aurati, de Balls, in com. Hertfordiae; +et ex ea suscepit sex filios et octo filias; e quibus +supersunt Ricardus, Catherina, Margarita, Anna, +et Elizabetha. +Vir comitate morum, luce fidei, constantia, +praestantissimus, +qui olim (laetus exul) serenissimi regis Caroli Secundi +calamitates fortiter amplexus est, +in Rebus bellicis, ab eodem constitutus Secretarius, +posteaque (Regno ei feliciter restaurato) +libellorum supplicum Magister, +a Latinis epistolis, a sanctioribus Regis consiliis +tum Angliae, tum Hiberniae factus; pro Academia Cantabrigiensi +Burgensis; +Necnon ejusdem serenissimi Regis ad utrasque Aulas +Portugal. et Hispan. +Legatus, in quarum proxima, cum pulcherrime officio +suo functus esset, splendidissimam quamdiu egerat +Vitam cum luctuosa morte commutavit. +Monumentum hoc, cum Hypogeo, moestissima conjux +pie posuit, quas etiam corpus Mariti sui ab urbe +Madrid huc per terras transtulit. + +Obiit 16 de Junii, anno Dom MDCLXVI aetatis suae LIX. +[Footnote: Clutterbuck's History of Hertfordshire, vol. iii. page 311. +The following arms occur on the monument: Quarterly, 1st and 4th, Or, +a chevron between three fleurs-de-lis Sable, Fanshawe ancient; 2nd and +3rd, cheeky Argent and Azure, a cross Gules, Fanshawe modern, being an +honourable augmentation granted in 1650: on an escutcheon in the +centre, the arms of Ulster. Impaling, Checky, a cross, thereon five +pheons' heads, pointing upwards. Harrison. Crest, on a wreath, Or and +Azure, a dragon's head erased Or, vomiting fire. On a label under the +arms these mottos: "Dux vitae ratio." "In Christo victoria."] + +Sir Richard Fanshawe was buried with much pomp; and a full account of +the ceremony occurs in his funeral certificate in the College of Arms. + +From the King, the Queen, the Court, and some of the ministers, Lady +Fanshawe received much sympathy and kindness; but, in common with +every other person who had pecuniary claims on the Government, she +experienced great difficulty in procuring the arrears due to her +husband, and it was not until nearly three years that the whole was +paid; by which delay, she says, she sustained a loss of above two +thousand pounds. At the instigation of Lord Shaftesbury, of whom she +speaks with the utmost bitterness, she was obliged to pay the same +amount for the plate furnished to the embassy. + +Of the tardy manner in which Sir Richard Fanshawe's allowance was +paid, and the embarrassment into which he was consequently thrown, he +has left ample proof in his letter to his brother-in-law Sir Philip +Warwick, dated a few weeks before his death; in which he tells him +that he had been obliged to pawn his plate for his subsistence. + +Lady Fanshawe states in a very feeling manner the situation in which +she found herself after her husband's death; and it is scarcely +possible to read her allusions to his long and faithful services, and +the heavy sacrifices which he made, without admitting the justice of +the charge so often brought against Charles, of being neglectful of +his servants. It is, however, more than possible that the fault was +not the monarch's alone. He was surrounded by greedy and selfish +courtiers, each eager to advance his own interest, and possessed of +similar claims on the ground of services; and as the spoils out of +which they sought to enrich themselves were limited, it was an obvious +point of policy to oppose the demands of others. The few years which +succeeded the Restoration are among the most disgraceful in the annals +of this country; and to the evidence which exists of the want of +principle which characterised the Court of Charles the Second, these +Memoirs are no slight addition. The monarch was heartless and +profligate; his ministers, with very few exceptions, were intent alone +on the promotion of their own interests; and services and sufferings +were nothing in the balance against the influence of the royal +mistresses. In such a state of things, merit availed but little; and +with a host of other zealous adherents of the royal family, at a time +when fidelity was attended with the fearful penalties attached to high +treason, Sir Richard Fanshawe, after thirty years' devotion to his +master, and spending a fortune in his cause, was sacrificed to the +intrigues of his enemies, and probably was only spared by death from +greater mortifications. + +To this outline of the lives of Sir Richard and Lady Fanshawe little +remains to be added. The Memoir, though continued to the year 1670, +contains very few facts after her return to England which are +deserving of notice. It is manifest that her hopes were destroyed, and +that her only happiness consisted in reflecting on the past. Her first +object was to reduce her establishment according to her altered +fortune, and the second to educate her family. In 1670 she lost her +excellent father, whose death added heavily to her misfortunes; but +she possessed that resource against human woes which can only be +inspired by a reliance upon Him who never deserts the widow and the +fatherless. Her life had been marked by extreme vicissitudes; and at +its conclusion--dark and cheerless as it was--she wisely looked for +consolation where she had so frequently found it, and where, it may be +confidently said, it is never sought in vain. + +Of the conduct of Sir Richard Fanshawe, as a servant of the Crown, and +as a husband and a father, sufficient is said in the Memoir; but it is +desirable to notice his literary labours, which are stated in the +Biographia Britannica to consist of-- + +1. An English translation, in rhyme, of the celebrated Italian +pastoral, called "Il Pastor Fido, or, the Faithful Shepherd," written +originally by Battista Guarini. Printed at London, 1646, 4to, and in +1664, 8vo. + +2. Select parts of Horace translated into English, 1652, 8vo. + +3. A translation from English into Latin verse, of "The Faithful +Shepherdess," a pastoral, written originally by John Fletcher. London, +1658. + +4. In the octavo edition of "The Faithful Shepherdess," anno 1664, are +inserted the following poems by Sir Richard, viz.: 1. An Ode upon +occasion of his Majesty's Proclamation in 1630, commanding the gentry +to reside upon their estates in the country. 2. A summary Discourse on +the Civil Wars of Rome, extracted from the best Latin writers in verse +and prose. 3. An English translation of the fourth book of the AEneid +of Virgil or the Loves of Dido and AEneas. 4. Two Odes out of Horace, +relating to the civil wars of Rome, against covetous rich men. 5. He +translated, from Portuguese, into English, "The Luciad, or Portugal's +Historical Poem"; written originally by Luis de Camoens. London, 1655, +fol. From the many corrections in the Translator's copy, in the +possession of the late Edm. Turnor, Esq., it appears to have been very +negligently printed, which may in some degree account for the remarks +of Mr. Mickle on Sir Richard's translation. After his decease, namely +in 1671, two of his posthumous pieces in 4to were published, Querer +per solo querer: "To love only for love's sake," a dramatic piece, +represented before the King and Queen of Spain; and Fiestas de +Aranjuez: "Festivals at Aranjuez"; both written originally in Spanish, +by Antonio de Mendoza; upon occasion of celebrating the birthday of +King Philip IV. in 1621, at Aranjuez. They were translated by Sir +Richard in 1654, during his confinement at Tankersley Park, in +Yorkshire; which situation induced him to write the following stanzas: + + "Time was, when I, a pilgrim of the seas, + When I, 'midst noise of camps and court's disease, + Purloin'd some hours, to charm rude cares with verse, + Which flame of faithful shepherd did rehearse. + + "But now, restrain'd from sea, from camp, from court, + And by a tempest blown into a port, + I raise my thoughts to muse of higher things, + And echo arms and loves of queens and kings. + + "Which queens (despising crowns and Hymen's band) + Would neither man obey, nor man command; + Great pleasure from rough seas to see the shore; + Or, from firm land, to see the billows roar." + +Sir Richard, to whom Mr. Campbell assigns the merit of having given +"to our language some of its earliest and most important translations +from modern literature," [Footnote: Specimens of the Poets.] wrote +several other articles, which he had not leisure to complete; and it +is said that "some of the before mentioned printed pieces have not all +the perfection which our ingenious author could have given them, but +that is not the case with his excellent translation of Pastor Fido." +[Footnote: Biographia Britannica.] + +That translation is highly complimented by Denham, who observes, + + "Such is our pride, or folly, or our fate, + That few but such as cannot write translate;" + +and after censuring servile translators, he says-- + + "Secure of fame, thou justly dost esteem + Less honour to create than to redeem; + That servile path thou nobly dost decline, + Of tracing word by word, and line by line." + +And, + + "That master's hand, which to the life can trace + The air, the line, the features, of the face, + May with a free and bolder stroke express + A varied posture, or a flatt'ring dress; + He could have made those like, who made the rest, + But that he knew his own design was best." + +Part of Sir Richard Fanshawe's official correspondence, during his +embassies in Spain and Portugal, was published in 1701, from which +many extracts have been printed at the end of this volume; but the +latest letter therein is dated 26th January 1665. The rough copies of +his correspondence from that time until his death, are preserved in +the Harleian MS. 7010, in the British Museum, the most interesting +parts of which are added to the other extracts. + +Lady Fanshawe wrote her Memoir in the year 1676, and died on the 20th +January 1679-80, in her fifty-fifth year. Her will is dated on the +30th October, 31st Car. II., 1679, in which she desired that her body +might be privately buried in the Chapel of St. Mary in Ware Church, +close to her husband, in the vault which she had purchased of the +Bishop of London. She ordered her house in Little Grove, in East +Barnet, with all the jewels, plate, and pictures therein, to be sold. +To her son, Sir Richard Fanshawe, she bequeathed the lease of the +manor of Faunton Hall, in Essex, which she held of the Bishop of +London, on condition that when he possessed his office in the Custom- +House, or any other employment of the value of 500 pounds a year, he +should pay to his eldest sister Katherine 1200 pounds, or deliver up +the said lease to her. She also left him her own and her husband's +picture set in gold, his father's picture by Lilly, and her own by +Toniars, with all her seals, particularly a gold ring, with an onyx- +stone, engraved, her purse of medals, all the gold she had by her at +the time of her death, a Spanish towel, and comeing-cloth, together +with all the books, MSS., writings, &c., sticks, guns, swords, and +turning instruments, which belonged to her late husband. To her +daughter, Katherine Fanshawe, she left 600 pounds of which sum 500 +pounds were given her by her grandfather, Sir John Harrison, at his +decease, a warrant for a Baronet, probably her husband's, and all her +jewels. To her daughters Anne Fanshawe and Elizabeth Fanshawe 600 +pounds each, of which sums 500 pounds were given to each of them by +their said grandfather. To her daughter Katherine she bequeathed the +Work written by herself, by her said daughter Katherine, or by her +sisters. She requested that her son Richard and her three daughters +would wear mourning for three years after her decease, namely, +mourning with plain linen, excepting either of them married in the +meantime; and she appointed her eldest daughter, Katherine, her sole +executrix, who proved her will on the 6th February 1679-80. + +Of her numerous children, the following particulars have been gleaned +from her Memoir and other sources. + +1. HARRISON, born in the parish of St. John's Oxford, 22nd February +1644-5, and was there buried in the same year. + +2. HENRY, born in Portugal Row, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, 30th +July 1647, died on the 20th October 1650, and was buried in the +Protestant burying-ground at Paris. + +3. RICHARD, born 8th June 1648, died before October 1650. + +4. HENRY, born in November 1657, and dying in the same year, was +buried in Bengy Church, in Hertfordshire. + +5. RICHARD, born at Lisbon, 26th June 1663; he lived a few hours only, +and was there buried in the Esperanza. + +6. RICHARD, born at Madrid, 6th August 1665, to whom the Memoir was +addressed. He succeeded his father in 1666, and became the second +Baronet. He is said to have been deprived of his hearing, and at +length of his speech, in consequence of a fever, and to have died +unmarried about 1695, [Footnote: Le Neve's MSS. in the College of +Arms.] when the Baronetcy became extinct. + +The daughters were: + +1. ANNE, born at Jersey, 7th June 1646; died at Tankersley Park, in +Yorkshire, 20th July 1654, and was buried in the Parish Church of +Tankersley. + +2. ELIZABETH, born at Madrid, 13th July 1649; died a few days +afterwards, and was buried in the Chapel of the French Hospital at +Madrid. + +3. ELIZABETH, born 24th June 1650; died at Foot's Cray, in Kent, in +July 1656, and was there buried. + +4. KATHERINE, born 30th July 1652, and was living, and unmarried, in +May 1705. + +5. MARGARET, born at Tankersley Park, in Yorkshire, 8th October 1653, +married, before 1676, Vincent Grantham, of Goltho, in Lincolnshire, +Esq. It is remarkable that she is not mentioned in her mother's will. +She was living, and the wife or widow of Mr. Grantham, in May 1705. + +6. ANN, born at Frog Pool, in Kent, 22nd February 1654-5, unmarried +October 1679; but afterwards married ---- Ryder, by whom she had a +daughter, Ann Lawrence, who, with her mother, were living in May 1705. + +7. MARY, born in London, 12th July 1656; died in August 1660, and was +buried in All Saints' Church, Hertford. + +8. ELIZABETH, born 22nd February 1662, to whom her mother bequeathed +600 pounds in her will in 1679, after which year nothing more of her +has been found. + +Although some trouble has been taken to trace the descendants of Sir +Richard and Lady Fanshawe, all which has been discovered is, that +their daughters became their co-heirs about 1695; that Sir Edmund +Turnor, the husband of Lady Fanshawe's sister, in his will, dated 15th +May 1705, and proved in 1708, mentions his nieces Fanshawe, Grantham, +and niece Ann Fanshawe, alias Ryder, and Anne Lawrence, daughter of +his niece Ryder; and that the MS. from which this volume is printed is +said to have been transcribed in 1766 by Lady Fanshawe's "great +granddaughter, Charlotte Colman." + + + + + +MEMOIRS OF LADY FANSHAWE + + + + +I have thought it good to discourse to you, my most dear and only son, +the most remarkable actions and accidents of your family, as well as +those more eminent ones of your father; and my life and necessity, not +delight or revenge, hath made me insert some passages which will +reflect on their owners, as the praises of others will be but just, +which is my intent in this narrative. I would not have you be a +stranger to it; because, by the example, you may imitate what is +applicable to your condition in the world, and endeavour to avoid +those misfortunes we have passed through, if God pleases. + +Endeavour to be innocent as a dove, but as wise as a serpent; and let +this lesson direct you most in the greatest extremes of fortune. Hate +idleness, and curb all passions; be true in all words and actions; +unnecessarily deliver not your opinion; but when you do, let it be +just, well-considered, and plain. Be charitable in all thought, word +and deed, and ever ready to forgive injuries done to yourself, and be +more pleased to do good than to receive good. + +Be civil and obliging to all, dutiful where God and nature command +you; but friend to one, and that friendship keep sacred, as the +greatest tie upon earth, and be sure to ground it upon virtue; for no +other is either happy or lasting. + +Endeavour always to be content in that estate of life which it hath +pleased God to call you to, and think it a great fault not to employ +your time, either for the good of your soul, or improvement of your +understanding, health, or estate; and as these are the most pleasant +pastimes, so it will make you a cheerful old age, which is as +necessary for you to design, as to make provision to support the +infirmities which decay of strength brings: and it was never seen that +a vicious youth terminated in a contented, cheerful old age, but +perished out of countenance. Ever keep the best qualified persons +company, out of whom you will find advantage, and reserve some hours +daily to examine yourself and fortune; for if you embark yourself in +perpetual conversation or recreation, you will certainly shipwreck +your mind and fortune. Remember the proverb--such as his company is, +such is the man, and have glorious actions before your eyes, and think +what shall be your portion in Heaven, as well as what you desire on +earth. + +Manage your fortune prudently, and forget not that you must give God +an account hereafter, and upon all occasions. + +Remember your father, whose true image, though I can never draw to the +life, unless God will grant me that blessing in you; yet, because you +were but ten months and ten days old when God took him out of this +world, I will, for your advantage, show you him with all truth, and +without partiality. + +He was of the highest size of men, strong, and of the best proportion; +his complexion sanguine, his skin exceedingly fair, his hair dark +brown and very curling, but not very long; his eyes grey and +penetrating, his nose high, his countenance gracious and wise, his +motion good, his speech clear and distinct. He never used exercise but +walking, and that generally with some book in his hand, which +oftentimes was poetry, in which he spent his idle hours; sometimes he +would ride out to take the air, but his most delight was, to go only +with me in a coach some miles, and there discourse of those things +which then most pleased him, of what nature soever. + +He was very obliging to all, and forward to serve his master, his +country, and friend; cheerful in his conversation; his discourse ever +pleasant, mixed with the sayings of wise men, and their histories +repeated as occasion offered, yet so reserved that he never showed the +thought of his heart, in its greatest sense, but to myself only; and +this I thank God with all my soul for, that he never discovered his +trouble to me, but went from me with perfect cheerfulness and content; +nor revealed he his joys and hopes but would say, that they were +doubled by putting them in my breast. I never heard him hold a +disputation in my life, but often he would speak against it, saying it +was an uncharitable custom, which never turned to the advantage of +either party. He would never be drawn to the fashion of any party, +saying he found it sufficient honestly to perform that employment he +was in: he loved and used cheerfulness in all his actions, and +professed his religion in his life and conversation. He was a true +Protestant of the Church of England, so born, so brought up, and so +died; his conversation was so honest that I never heard him speak a +word in my life that tended to God's dishonour, or encouragement of +any kind of debauchery or sin. He was ever much esteemed by his two +masters, Charles the First and Charles the Second, both for great +parts and honesty, as for his conversation, in which they took great +delight, he being so free from passion, that made him beloved of all +that knew him, nor did I ever see him moved but with his master's +concerns, in which he would hotly pursue his interest through the +greatest difficulties. + +He was the tenderest father imaginable, the carefullest and most +generous master I ever knew; he loved hospitality, and would often +say, it was wholly essential for the constitution of England: he loved +and kept order with the greatest decency possible; and though he would +say I managed his domestics wholly, yet I ever governed them and +myself by his commands; in the managing of which, I thank God, I found +his approbation and content. + +Now you will expect that I should say something that may remain of us +jointly, which I will do though it makes my eyes gush out with tears, +and cuts me to the soul to remember, and in part express the joys I +was blessed with in him. Glory be to God, we never had but one mind +throughout our lives. Our souls were wrapped up in each other's; our +aims and designs one, our loves one, and our resentments one. We so +studied one the other, that we knew each other's mind by our looks. +Whatever was real happiness, God gave it me in him; but to commend my +better half, which I want sufficient expression for, methinks is to +commend myself, and so may bear a censure; but, might it be permitted, +I could dwell eternally on his praise most justly; but thus without +offence I do, and so you may imitate him in his patience, his +prudence, his chastity, his charity, his generosity, his perfect +resignation to God's will, and praise God for him as long as you live +here, and with him hereafter in the Kingdom of Heaven. Amen. + +Your father was born in Ware Park, in the month of June, in the year +of our Lord 1608, and was the tenth child of Sir Henry Fanshawe, whose +father bought Ten, in Essex, and Ware Park, in Hertfordshire. This, +your great-grandfather, came out of Derbyshire from a small estate, +Fanshawe-Gate, being the principal part that then this family had, +which exceeded not above two hundred pounds a year, and about so much +more they had in the town and parish of Dronfield, within two miles of +Fanshawe-Gate, where the family had been some hundreds of years, as +appears by the church of Dronfield, in the chancel of which church I +have seen several grave-stones with the names of that family, many of +them very ancient; and the chancel, which is very old, was and is kept +wholly for a burying-place for that family. + +There is in the town a free school, with a very good house and noble +endowment, founded by your great-grandfather, who was sent for to +London in Henry the Eighth's time, by an uncle of his, and of his own +name, to be brought up a clerk under his uncle Thomas Fanshawe, who +procured your great-grandfather's life to be put with his in the +patent of Remembrancers of his Majesty's Exchequer, which place he +enjoyed after the death of his uncle, he having left no male issue, +only two daughters, who had both great fortunes in land and money, and +married into the best families in Essex in that time. This was the +rise of your great-grandfather, who, with his office and his +Derbyshire estate, raised the family to what it hath been and now is. +He had one only brother, Robert Fanshawe, who had a good estate in +Derbyshire, and lived in Fanshawe-Gate, which he hired of his eldest +brother, your great-grandfather. + +In this house my mother was born, Margaret, the eldest daughter of +Robert, your great-great-uncle: he married one of the daughters of +Rowland Eyes, of Bradway, in the same county of Derby, by whom he had +twelve sons and two daughters: that family remains in Dronfield to +this day. + +Your great-grandfather married Alice Bourchier, of the last Earl of +Bath's family,[Footnote: This was not the fact. She was the daughter +of Anthony Bourchier, Esq., of the County of Gloucester, a family in +no way connected with the noble house of Bath.] by whom he had only +one son that lived, Henry, which was your grandfather; afterwards, +when he had been two years a widower, he married one of the daughters +of Customer Smythe, who had six sons and six daughters: his sons were +Sir John Smythe, Sir Thomas Smythe, Sir Richard Smythe, Sir Robert +Smythe, Mr. William Smythe, and Mr. Edward Smythe, who died young: two +were knighted by Queen Elizabeth, and two by King James; the eldest +was grandfather of the now Lord Strangford; the second had been +several times ambassador, and all married into good families, and left +great estates to their posterity, which remain to this day. The +daughters were Mrs. Fanshawe, your great-grandmother-in-law; the +second married Sir John Scott, of Kent; the third married Sir John +Davies, of the same county; the fourth married Sir Robert Poynz, of +Leicestershire; the fifth married Thomas Butler, of Herald, Esq.; and +the sixth married Sir Henry Fanshawe, your grandfather: these all left +a numerous posterity but Davies, and this day they are matched into +very considerable families. [Footnote: Lady Fanshawe is not quite +correct in her account of the Smythe family, and the statements in +Peerages are equally erroneous. Thomas Smythe, Esq. of Ostenhanger, in +Kent, Farmer of the Customs to Philip and Mary, and to Queen +Elizabeth, was the second son of John Smythe, Esq., (whose ancestors +were seated at Corsham, in Wiltshire, as early as the 15th century,) +by Joan, daughter of Robert Brounker, ancestor of the celebrated +Viscount Brounker. Customer Smythe died in 1591, and had by Alice, +daughter and heiress of Sir Andrew Judde, Lord Mayor of London, and +one of the representatives of Archbishop Chicheley, seven sons and six +daughters, 1. Andrew, who died young. 2. Sir John, of Ostenhanger, +father of Sir Thomas Smythe, K.B., who married Lady Barbara Sydney, +daughter of Robert first Earl of Leicester, K.G., was created Viscount +Strangford, in Ireland, in 1628, and was the ancestor of Percy Clinton +Sydney Smythe, sixth and present Viscount Strangford and first Baron +Penshurst, G.C.B. 3. Henry Smythe, of Corsham. 4. Sir Thomas Smythe, +of Bidborough, in the county of Kent, ambassador to Russia in 1604, +whose male descendants became extinct on the death of Sir Stafford +Sydney Smythe, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, in 1778. 5. Sir Richard +Smythe, of Leeds Castle, in Kent, whose son, Sir John, dying +issueless, in 1632, his sisters became his co-heiresses. 6. Robert +Smythe, of Highgate, who left issue. 7. Symon Smythe, killed at the +siege of Cadiz in 1597. Of the daughters of Customer Smythe, Mary +married Robert Davye, of London, Esq.; Ursula married, first, Simon +Harding, of London, Esq., and secondly William Butler, of Bidenham, in +Bedfordshire, Esq.; Johanna was the wife of Thomas Fanshawe, of Ware +Park, Herts, Esq.; Katherine was first the wife of Sir Rowland +Hayward, Lord Mayor of London, and secondly of Sir John Scott, of +Scott's Hall, in Kent; Alice married Edward Harris, of Woodham, in +Essex, Esq.; and Elizabeth, the sixth and youngest daughter, was the +wife of Sir Henry Fanshawe, Remembrancer of the Exchequer, father of +Sir Richard Fanshawe, the ambassador. Sir ROBERT Poyntz, of +Leicestershire, is a mistake of Lady Fanshawe's for Sir JAMES Poyntz, +of North Oxenden, in Essex, who married Mary, the sister and co- +heiress of Sir John Smythe, son of Sir Richard, of Bidborough, before +mentioned, and GRANDDAUGHTER of the Customer.] + +Your great-grandfather had by his second wife, Sir Thomas Fanshawe, +Clerk of the Crown, and Surveyor-General of King James; to him he gave +his manor of Jenkins, in Essex, valued at near two thousand a year. + +His second son by the same wife, William, he procured to be Auditor of +the Duchy, whose posterity hath in Essex, at Parslowes, about seven or +eight hundred pounds a year. His eldest daughter married Sir +Christopher Hatton, heir to the Lord Chancellor Hatton; his second +married Sir Benjamin Ayloffe, of Brackstead, in Essex; the third +married Mr. Bullock Harding, in Derbyshire; all men of very great +estates. As your grandfather inherited Ware Park and his office, the +flower of his father's estate, so did he of his wisdom and parts; and +both were happy in the favour of the princes of that time, for Queen +Elizabeth said that your grandfather was the best officer of accounts +she had, and a person of great integrity; and your grandfather was the +favourite of Prince Henry, and had the Prince lived to be King, had +been Secretary of State, as he would often tell him. Mr. Camden speaks +much in praise, as you may see, of Sir Henry Fanshawe's garden of Ware +Park, none excelling it in flowers, physic herbs, and fruit, in which +things he did greatly delight; also he was a great lover of music, and +kept many gentlemen that were perfectly well qualified both in that +and the Italian tongue, in which he spent some time. He likewise kept +several horses of manege, and rid them himself, which he delighted in, +and the Prince would say none did it better; he had great honour and +generosity in his nature, and to show you a little part of which I +will tell you this of him. He had a horse that the then Earl of Exeter +was much pleased with, and Sir Henry esteemed, because he deserved it. +My Lord, after some apology, desired Sir Henry to let him have his +horse and he would give him what he would; he replied, "My Lord, I +have no thoughts of selling him but to serve you; I bought him of such +a person, and gave so much for him, and that shall be my price to you +as I paid, being sixty pieces"; my Lord Exeter said, "That's too much, +but I will give you, Sir Henry, fifty," to which he made no answer; +next day my Lord sent a gentleman with sixty pieces, Sir Henry made +answer, "That was the price he paid and once had offered him, my Lord, +at, but not being accepted, his price now was eighty"; at the +receiving of this answer my Lord Exeter stormed, and sent his servant +back with seventy pieces. Sir Henry said, that "since my Lord would +not like him at eighty pieces, he would not sell him under a hundred +pieces, and if he returned with less he would not sell him at all"; +upon which my Lord Exeter sent one hundred pieces, and had the horse. +His retinue was great, and that made him stretch his estate, which was +near if not full four thousand pounds a year; yet when he died, he +left no debt upon his estate. He departed this life at the age of +forty-eight years, and lies buried in the chancel, in a vault with his +father in the parish church of Ware; he was as handsome and as fine a +gentleman as England then had, a most excellent husband, father, +friend, and servant to his Prince. He left in the care of my lady his +widow, five sons and five daughters. His eldest son succeeded him in +his lands and office, and after the restoration of the King, he was +made Lord Viscount of Dromore in Ireland; he did engage his person and +estate for the crown, and fought in the battle of Edgehill, and this +ruined his estate, and was the cause of his sons selling Ware Park; +afterwards he tried, by the King's assistance, to be reimbursed, but +could not prevail. He was a very worthy, valiant, honest, good-natured +gentleman, charitable, and generous, and had excellent natural parts, +yet choleric and rash, which was only incommode to his own family: he +was a very pretty man, for he was but low, of a sanguine complexion, +much a gentleman in his mien and language; he was sixty-nine years of +age when he died, and is buried with his ancestors in Ware Church. + +He married first the daughter of Sir Giles Allington, by whom he hath +a daughter called Anne, who remains a maid to this day; his second +wife was Elizabeth, daughter to Sir William Cockain, Lord Mayor of +London. She was a very good wife, but not else qualified extraordinary +in any thing. She brought him many children, whereof now remain three +sons and five daughters. + +Thomas, Lord Viscount Fanshawe, his eldest son, died in May 1674; he +was a handsome gentleman, of an excellent understanding, and great +honour and honesty. He married the daughter and sole heir of Knitton +Ferrers, of Bedford-bury, in the county of Hertford, Esq., by whom he +had no child. After his father's death he married the daughter of Sir +John Evelyn, widow to Sir John Wrey, of Lincolnshire; by this wife he +had several children, of which only two survived him, Thomas, now Lord +Viscount Fanshawe, and Katherine. His widow is lately married unto my +Lord Castleton, of Senbeck, in Yorkshire. He lies buried with his +ancestors in the Parish Church of Ware. Your uncle Henry, that was the +second, was killed in fighting gallantly in the Low Countries with the +English colours in his hand. He was very handsome and a very brave +man, beloved and lamented by all who knew him. The third died a +bachelor; I knew him not. The fourth is Sir Simon Fanshawe, a gallant +gentleman, but more a libertine than any of his family; he married a +very fine and good woman, and of a great estate; she was daughter and +coheir to Sir William Walter, and widow to Knitton Ferrers, son to Sir +John Ferrers, of Hertfordshire. + +Your father, Sir Richard Fanshawe, Knight and Baronet, one of the +Masters of the Requests, Secretary of the Latin Tongue, Burgess for +the University of Cambridge, and one of his Majesty's most honourable +Privy Council of England and Ireland, and his Majesty's Ambassador to +Portugal and Spain, was the fifth and youngest son. He married me, the +eldest daughter of Sir John Harrison, Knight, of Balls, in the county +of Hertford; he was married at thirty-five years of age, and lived +with me twenty-three years and twenty-nine days; he lies buried in a +new vault I purchased of Humphry, Lord Bishop of London, in St. Mary's +Chapel in the Church of Ware, near his ancestors, over which I built +him a monument. + +My dear husband had six sons and eight daughters, born and christened, +and I miscarried of six more, three at several times, and once of +three sons when I was about half gone my time. Harrison, my eldest +son, and Henry, my second son; Richard, my third; Henry, my fourth; +and Richard, my fifth, are all dead; my second lies buried in the +Protestant Church-yard in Paris, by the father of the Earl of Bristol; +my eldest daughter Anne lies buried in the Parish Church of +Tankersley, in Yorkshire, where she died; Elizabeth lies in the Chapel +of the French Hospital at Madrid, where she died of a fever at ten +days old; my next daughter of her name lies buried in the Parish of +Foot's Cray, in Kent, near Frog-Pool, my brother Warwick's house, +where she died; and my daughter Mary lies in my father's vault in +Hertford, with my first son Henry; my eldest lies buried in the Parish +Church of St. John's College in Oxford, where he was born; my second +Henry lies in Bengy Church, in Hertfordshire; and my second Richard in +the Esperanza in Lisbon in Portugal, he being born ten weeks before my +time when I was in that Court. I praise God I have living yourself and +four sisters, Katherine unmarried, Margaret married to Vincent +Grantham, Esq., of Goltho, in the county of Lincoln, Anne, and +Elizabeth. + +Now I have shown you the most part of your family by the male line, +except Sir Thomas Fanshawe, of Jenkins, who has but one child, and +that a daughter, and two brothers, both unmarried. Their father as +well as themselves was a worthy honest gentleman and a great sufferer +for the Crown, wholly engaging his estate for the maintenance thereof; +and so is my cousin John Fanshawe, of Parslowes, in Essex, who hath +but two sons, one unmarried by his first wife, who was the daughter of +Sir William Kingsmill; and the other is a child whom he had by his +last wife, the daughter of my cousin, Thomas Fanshawe, of Jenkins. + +I confess I owe Sir Thomas Fanshawe as good a character as I can +express, for he fully deserves it, both for his true honours, and most +excellent acquired and natural parts; and that which is of me most +esteemed, he was your father's intimate friend as well as near +kinsman; and during the time of the war he was very kind to us, by +assisting us in our wants, which were as great as his supports; which, +though, I thank God, I have fully repaid, yet must ever remain obliged +for his kindness and the esteem he hath for us. + +He married the daughter and heir of Sir Edward Heath, a pretty lady +and a good woman; but I must here with thankfulness acknowledge God's +bounty to your family, who hath bestowed most excellent wives on most +of them, both in person and fortune; but with respect to the rest, I +must give with all reverence justly your grandmother the first and +best place, who being left a widow at thirty-nine years of age, +handsome, with a full fortune, all her children provided for, kept +herself a widow, and out of her jointure and revenue purchased six +hundred pounds a year for the younger children of her eldest son; +besides, she added five hundred pounds a piece to the portions of her +younger children, having nine, whereof but one daughter was married +before the death of Sir Henry Fanshawe, and she was the second, her +name was Mary, married to William Neuce, Esq., of Hadham, in +Hertfordshire; the eldest daughter married Sir Capell Bedells, of +Hammerton, in Huntingdonshire; the third never married; the fourth +married Sir William Boteler, of Teston, in Kent; the fifth died young. +Thus you have been made acquainted with most of your nearest relations +by your father, except your cousins german, which are the three sons +of your uncle, Lord Fanshawe, and William Neuce, Esq., and his two +brothers, and Sir Oliver Boteler, and my Lady Campbell, three maiden +sisters of hers, and my Lady Levingthorpe, of Blackware, in +Hertfordshire. There was more, but they are dead; and so are the most +part of them I have named, but their memories will remain as long as +their names, for honest, worthy, virtuous men and women, who served +God in their generations in their several capacities, and without +vanity none exceeded them in their loyalty, which cost them dear, for +there were as many fathers, sons, uncles, nephews, and cousins german, +and those that matched to them, engaged and sequestered for the Crown +in the time of the late rebellion as their revenue made nearly eighty +thousand pounds a year, and this I have often seen a list of and know +it to be true. + +The use of which to you is, that you should not omit your duty to your +king and country, nor be less in your industry to exceed at least, not +shame, the excellent memory of your ancestors. They were all eminent +officers; and that, I believe, keeping them ever employed, made them +so good men. I hope in God the like parallel will be in you, which I +heartily and daily pray for. + +I was born in St. Olave's, Hart-street, London, in a house that my +father took of the Lord Dingwall, father to the now Duchess of Ormond, +in the year 1625, on our Lady Day, 25th of March. Mr. Hyde, Lady +Alston, and Lady Wolstenholme, were my godfather and godmothers. In +that house I lived the winter times till I was fifteen years old and +three months, with my ever honoured and most dear mother, who departed +this life on the 20th day of July, 1640, and now lies buried in +Allhallow's Church, in Hertford. Her funeral cost my father above a +thousand pounds; and Dr. Howlsworth preached her funeral sermon, in +which, upon his own knowledge, he told before many hundreds of people +this accident following: that my mother, being sick to death of a +fever three months after I was born, which was the occasion she gave +me suck no longer, her friends and servants thought to all outward +appearance that she was dead, and so lay almost two days and a night, +but Dr. Winston coming to comfort my father, went into my mother's +room, and looking earnestly on her face, said "she was so handsome, +and now looks so lovely, I cannot think she is dead"; and suddenly +took a lancet out of his pocket and with it cut the sole of her foot, +which bled. Upon this, he immediately caused her to be laid upon the +bed again and to be rubbed, and such means as she came to life, and +opening her eyes, saw two of her kinswomen stand by her, my Lady +Knollys and my Lady Russell, both with great wide sleeves, as the +fashion then was, and said, Did not you promise me fifteen years, and +are you come again? which they not understanding, persuaded her to +keep her spirits quiet in that great weakness wherein she then was; +but some hours after she desired my father and Dr. Howlsworth might be +left alone with her, to whom she said, "I will acquaint you, that +during the time of my trance I was in great quiet, but in a place I +could neither distinguish nor describe; but the sense of leaving my +girl, who is dearer to me than all my children, remained a trouble +upon my spirits. Suddenly I saw two by me, clothed in long white +garments, and methought I fell down with my face in the dust; and they +asked why I was troubled in so great happiness. I replied, O let me +have the same grant given to Hezekiah, that I may live fifteen years, +to see my daughter a woman: to which they answered, It is done; and +then, at that instant, I awoke out of my trance;" and Dr. Howlsworth +did there affirm, that that day she died made just fifteen years from +that time. My dear mother was of excellent beauty and good +understanding, a loving wife, and most tender mother; very pious, and +charitable to that degree, that she relieved, besides the offals of +the table, which she constantly gave to the poor, many with her own +hand daily out of her purse, and dressed many wounds of miserable +people, when she had health, and when that failed, as it did often, +she caused her servants to supply that place. + +She left behind her three sons, all much older than myself. The +eldest, John, married three wives: by his last, who was the daughter +of Mr. Ludlow, a very ancient and noble family, he left two daughters, +who are both unmarried. My second brother, William, died at Oxford +with a bruise on his side, caused by the fall of his horse, which was +shot under him, as he went out with a party of horse against a party +of the Earl of Essex, in 1643. He was a very good and gallant young +man; and they are the very words the king said of him, when he was +told of his death: he was much lamented by all who knew him. The +third, Abraham, hath left no issue; I was the fourth, and my sister +Margaret, the fifth, who married Sir Edmund Turner, of South Stock, in +Lincolnshire, a worthy pious man. + +My father, in his old age, married again, the daughter of Mr. +Shatbolt, of Hertfordshire, and had by her a son, Richard, and a +daughter, Mary. The son married the eldest daughter of the now Lord +Grandison, and the daughter married the eldest son of Sir Rowland +Lytton, of Knebworth, in Hertfordshire. My father lived to see them +both married; and enjoyed a firm health, until above eighty years of +age. He was a handsome gentleman of great natural parts, a great +accomptant, vast memory, an incomparable penman, of great integrity +and service to his prince; had been a member of several Parliaments; a +good husband and father, especially to me, who never can sufficiently +praise God for him, nor acknowledge his most tender affection and +bounty to me and mine; but as in duty bound, I will for ever say, none +had ever a kinder and better father than myself. He died on the 28th +day of September, 1670; and lies buried by my mother in his own vault +in Allhallows Church, in Hertford. + +My father was born at Bemond, in Lancashire; the twelfth son of his +father, whose mother was the daughter of Mr. Hippom, cousin german to +the old Countess of Rivers. I have little knowledge of my father's +relations more than the families of Aston, Irland, Sandis, Bemond, and +Curwen, who brought him to London and placed him with my Lord +Treasurer Salisbury, then Secretary of State, who sent him into Sir +John Wolstenholm's family, and gave him a small place in the Custom- +house, to enable him for the employment. He, being of good parts and +great capacity, in some time raised himself, by God's help, to get a +very great estate, for I have often heard him say that, besides his +education, he never had but twenty marks, which his father gave him +when he came to London, and that was all he ever had for a portion. He +made it appear with great truth that, during the time of the war, he +lost by the rebels above one hundred and thirty thousand pounds, and +yet he left his son sixteen hundred pounds a year in land, and gave +his daughter above twenty thousand pounds. + +Now it is necessary to say something of my mother's education of me, +which was with all the advantages that time afforded, both for working +all sorts of fine works with my needle, and learning French, singing, +lute, the virginals and dancing, and notwithstanding I learned as well +as most did, yet was I wild to that degree, that the hours of my +beloved recreation took up too much of my time, for I loved riding in +the first place, running, and all active pastimes; in short, I was +that which we graver people call a hoyting girl; but to be just to +myself, I never did mischief to myself or people, nor one immodest +word or action in my life, though skipping and activity was my +delight, but upon my mother's death, I then began to reflect, and, as +an offering to her memory, I flung away those childnesses that had +formerly possessed me, and, by my father's command, took upon me +charge of his house and family, which I so ordered by my excellent +mother's example as found acceptance in his sight. I was very well +beloved by all our relations and my mother's friends, whom I paid a +great respect to, and I ever was ambitious to keep the best company, +which I have done, I thank God, all the days of my life. My father and +mother were both great lovers and honourers of clergymen, but all of +Cambridge, and chiefly Doctor Bamberge, Doctor Howlsworth, +Broanbricke, Walley, and Mickelthite, and Sanderson, with many others. +We lived in great plenty and hospitality, but no lavishness in the +least, nor prodigality, and, I believe, my father never drank six +glasses of wine in his life in one day. + +About 1641, my brother, William Harrison, was chosen Burgess of ----, +and sat in the Commons' House of Parliament, but not long, for when +the King set up his standard he went with him to Nottingham; yet he, +during his sitting, undertook that my father should lend one hundred +and fifty thousand pounds to pay the Scots who had then entered +England, and, as it seems, were to be both paid and prayed to go home, +but afterwards their plague infected the whole nation, as to all our +sorrows we know, and that debt of my father's remained to him until +the restoration of the King. In 1642 my father was taken prisoner at +his house, called Montague House, in Bishopgate Street, and threatened +to be sent on board a ship with many more of his quality, and then +they plundered his house, but he getting loose, under pretence to +fetch some writings they demanded in his hands concerning the public +revenue, he went to Oxford in 1643, and thereupon the Long Parliament, +of which he was a member for the town of Lancaster, plundered him out +of what remained, and sequestered his whole estate, which continued +out of his possession until the happy restoration of the King. + +My father commanded my sister and myself to come to him to Oxford +where the Court then was, but we, that had till that hour lived in +great plenty and great order, found ourselves like fishes out of the +water, and the scene was so changed, that we knew not at all how to +act any part but obedience, for, from as good a house as any gentleman +of England had, we came to a baker's house in an obscure street, and +from rooms well furnished, to lie in a very bad bed in a garret, to +one dish of meat, and that not the best ordered, no money, for we were +as poor as Job, nor clothes more than a man or two brought in their +cloak bags: we had the perpetual discourse of losing and gaining towns +and men; at the windows the sad spectacle of war, sometimes plague, +sometimes sicknesses of other kind, by reason of so many people being +packed together, as, I believe, there never was before of that +quality; always in want, yet I must needs say that most bore it with a +martyr-like cheerfulness. For my own part, I began to think we should +all, like Abraham, live in tents all the days of our lives. The King +sent my father a warrant for a baronet, but he returned it with +thanks, saying he had too much honour of his knighthood which his +Majesty had honoured him with some years before, for the fortune he +now possessed: but as in a rock the turbulence of the waves disperses +the splinters of the rock, so it was my lot, for having buried my dear +brother, William Harrison, in Exeter College Chapel, I then married +your dear father in 1644 in Wolvercot Church, two miles from Oxford, +upon the 18th day of May. None was at our wedding but my dear father, +who, at my mother's desire, gave me her wedding-ring, with which I was +married, and my sister Margaret, and my brother and sister Boteler, +Sir Edward Hyde, afterwards Lord Chancellor, and Sir Geoffry Palmer, +the King's Attorney. Before I was married, my husband was sworn +Secretary of War to the Prince, now our King, with a promise from +Charles I. to be preferred as soon as occasion offered it, but both +his fortune and my promised portion, which was made 10,000 pounds, +were both at that time in expectation, and we might truly be called +merchant adventurers, for the stock we set up our trading with did not +amount to twenty pounds betwixt us; but, however, it was to us as a +little piece of armour is against a bullet, which if it be right +placed, though no bigger than a shilling, serves as well as a whole +suit of armour; so our stock bought pen, ink and paper, which was your +father's trade, and by it, I assure you, we lived better than those +that were born to 2OOO pounds a year as long as he had his liberty. +Here stay till I have told you your father's life until I married him. + +He was but seven years old when his father died, and his mother, my +Lady, designed him for the law, having bred him first with that famous +schoolmaster Mr. Farnaby, and then under the tuition of Dr. Beale, in +Jesus College in Cambridge, from whence, being a most excellent +Latinist, he was admitted into the Inner Temple; but it seemed so +crabbed a study, and disagreeable to his inclinations, that he rather +studied to obey his mother than to make any progress in the law. Upon +the death of his mother, whom he dearly loved and honoured, he went +into France to Paris, where he had three cousins german, Lord +Strangford, Sir John Baker of Kent, and my cousin Thornhill. The whole +stock he carried with him was eighty pieces of gold, and French silver +to the value of five pounds in his pocket; his gold was quilted in his +doublet; he went by post to lodgings in the Fauxbourg St. Germain, +with an intent to rest that night, and the next day to find out his +kindred; but the devil, that never sleeps, so ordered it, that two +friars entered the chamber wherein he was, and welcoming him, being +his countrymen, invited him to play, he innocently only intending +diversion, till his supper was ready; but that was not their design, +for having engaged him, they left him not as long as he was worth a +groat, which when they discovered, they gave him five pieces of his +money until he could recruit himself by his friends, which he did the +next day: and from that time forward never played for a piece. It came +to pass, that seven years after, my husband being in Huntingdonshire, +at a bowling-green, with Sir Capel Bedells, and many other persons of +quality, one in the company was called Captain Taller. My husband, who +had a very quick and piercing eye, marked him much, as knowing his +face, and found, through his peruke wig, and scarlet cloak and buff +suit, that his name was neither Captain nor Taller, but the honest +Jesuit called Friar Sherwood, that had cheated him of the greatest +part of his money, and after had lent him the five pieces; so your +father went to him, and gave him his five pieces, and said, 'Father +Sherwood, I know you, and you know this:' at which he was extremely +surprised, and begged of your father not to discover him, for his life +was in danger. After a year's stay in Paris, he travelled to Madrid in +Spain, there to learn that language; at the same time, for that +purpose, went the late Earl of Caernarvon, and my Lord of Bedford, and +Sir John Berkeley, and several other gentlemen. Afterwards, having +spent some years abroad, he returned to London, and gave so good an +account of his travels, that he was about the year 1630 made Secretary +of the Embassy, when my Lord Aston went Ambassador. During your +father's travels, he had spent a considerable part of his stock, which +his father and mother left him: in those days, where there were so +many younger children, it was inconsiderable, being 50 pounds a year, +and 1,500 pounds in money. Upon the return of the ambassador, your +father was left resident until Sir Arthur Hopton went Ambassador, and +then he came home about the year 1637 or 1638; and I must tell you +here of an accident your father had coming out of Spain in this +journey post: he going into a bed for some few hours to refresh +himself, in a village five leagues from Madrid, he slept so soundly, +that notwithstanding the house was on fire, and all the people of the +village there, he never waked; but the honesty of the owners was such, +that they carried him, and set him asleep upon a piece of timber on +the highway; and there he awaked, and found his portmanteau and +clothes by him, without the least loss, which is extraordinary, +considering the profession of his landlord, who had at that time his +house burnt to the ground. After being here a year or two, and no +preferment coming, Secretary Windebank calling him Puritan, being his +enemy, because himself was a Papist, he was, by his elder brother, put +into the place of the King's Remembrancer, absolutely, with this +proviso, that he should be accountable for the use of the income; but +if in seven years he would pay 8,000 pounds for it to his brother, +then it should be his, with the whole revenue of it; but the war +breaking out presently after, put an end to this design; for, being +the King's sworn servant, he went to the King at Oxford, as well as +his fellows, to avoid the fury of this madness of the people, where, +having been almost a year, we married, as I said before; and I will +continue my discourse where we left. + +Now we appear on the stage, to act what part God designed us; and as +faith is the evidence of things not seen, so we, upon so righteous a +cause, cheerfully resolved to suffer what that would drive us to, +which afflictions were neither few nor small, as you will find. This +year the Prince had an established Council, which were the Earl of +Berkshire, Earl of Bradford, Lord Capel, Lord Colepeper, Lord Hopton, +and Sir Edward Hyde, Chancellor of the Exchequer. My husband was then, +as I said, newly entered into his office of secretary of the Council +of War, and the King would have had him then to have been sworn his +Highness's Secretary, but the Queen, who was then no friend to my +husband, because he had formerly made Secretary Windebank appear in +his colours, who was one of her Majesty's favourites, wholly +obstructed that then, and placed with the Prince Sir Robert Long, for +whom she had a great kindness; but the consequence will show the man. + +The beginning of March 1645, your father went to Bristol with his new +master, and this was his first journey: I then lying-in of my first +son, Harrison Fanshawe, who was born on the 22nd of February, he left +me behind him. As for that, it was the first time we had parted a day +since we married; he was extremely afflicted, even to tears, though +passion was against his nature; but the sense of leaving me with a +dying child, which did die two days after, in a garrison town, +extremely weak, and very poor, were such circumstances as he could not +bear with, only the argument of necessity; and, for my own part, it +cost me so dear, that I was ten weeks before I could go alone; but he, +by all opportunities, wrote to me to fortify myself, and to comfort me +in the company of my father and sister, who were both with me, and +that as soon as the Lords of the Council had their wives come to them +I should come to him, and that I should receive the first money he +got, and hoped it would be suddenly. By the help of God, with these +cordials I recovered my former strength by little and little, nor did +I in my distressed condition lack the conversation of many of my +relations then in Oxford, and kindnesses of very many of the nobility +and gentry, both for goodness sake, and because your father being +there in good employment, they found him serviceable to themselves or +friends, which friendships none better distinguished between his place +and person than your father. + +It was in May 1645, the first time I went out of my chamber and to +church, where, after service, Sir William Parkhurst, a very honest +gentleman, came to me, and said he had a letter for me from your +father and fifty pieces of gold, and was coming to bring them to me. I +opened first my letter, and read those inexpressible joys that almost +overcame me, for he told me I should the Thursday following come to +him, and to that purpose he had sent me that money, and would send two +of his men with horses, and all accommodation both for myself, my +father, and sister, and that Lady Capell and Lady Bradford would meet +me on the way; but that gold your father sent me when I was ready to +perish, did not so much revive me as his summons. I went immediately +to walk, or at least to sit in the air, being very weak, in the garden +of St. John's College, and there, with my good father, communicated my +joy, who took great pleasure to hear of my husband's good success and +likewise of his journey to him. We, all of my household being present, +heard drums beat in the highway, under the garden wall. My father +asked me if I would go up upon the mount to see the soldiers march, +for it was Sir Charles Lee's company of foot, an acquaintance of ours; +I said yes, and went up, leaning my back to a tree that grew on the +mount. The commander seeing us there, in compliment gave us a volley +of shot, and one of their muskets being loaded, shot a brace of +bullets not two inches above my head as I leaned to the tree, for +which mercy and deliverance I praise God. And next week we were all on +our journey for Bristol very merry, and thought that now all things +would mend, and the worst of my misfortunes past, but little thought I +to leap into the sea that would toss me until it had racked me; but we +were to ride all night by agreement, for fear of the enemy surprising +us as they passed, they quartering in the way. About nightfall having +travelled about twenty miles, we discovered a troop of horse coming +towards us, which proved to be Sir Marmaduke Rawdon, a worthy +commander and my countryman: he told me, that hearing I was to pass by +his garrison, he was come out to conduct me, he hoped as far as was +danger, which was about twelve miles: with many thanks we parted, and +having refreshed ourselves and horses, we set forth for Bristol, where +we arrived on the 2Oth of May. + +My husband had provided very good lodgings for us, and as soon as he +could come home from the Council, where he was at my arrival, he with +all expressions of joy received me in his arms, and gave me a hundred +pieces of gold, saying, "I know thou that keeps my heart so well, will +keep my fortune, which from this time I will ever put into thy hands +as God shall bless me with increase." And now I thought myself a +perfect queen, and my husband so glorious a crown, that I more valued +myself to be called by his name than born a princess, for I knew him +very wise and very good, and his soul doted on me; upon which +confidence I will tell you what happened. My Lady Rivers, a brave +woman, and one that had suffered many thousand pounds loss for the +King, and whom I had a great reverence for, and she a kindness for me +as a kinswoman, in discourse she tacitly commended the knowledge of +state affairs, and that some women were very happy in a good +understanding thereof, as my Lady Aubigny, Lady Isabel Thynne, and +divers others, and yet none was at first more capable than I; that in +the night she knew there came a post from Paris from the Queen, and +that she would be extremely glad to hear what the Queen commanded the +King in order to his affairs; saying, if I would ask my husband +privately, he would tell me what he found in the packet, and I might +tell her. I that was young and innocent, and to that day had never in +my mouth what news, began to think there was more in inquiring into +public affairs than I thought of, and that it being a fashionable +thing would make me more beloved of my husband, if that had been +possible, than I was. When my husband returned home from Council, +after welcoming him, as his custom ever was he went with his handful +of papers into his study for an hour or more; I followed him; he +turned hastily, and said, "What wouldst thou have, my life?" I told +him, I had heard the Prince had received a packet from the Queen, and +I guessed it was that in his hand, and I desired to know what was in +it; he smilingly replied, "My love, I will immediately come to thee, +pray thee go, for I am very busy." When he came out of his closet I +revived my suit; he kissed me, and talked of other things. At supper I +would eat nothing; he as usual sat by me, and drank often to me, which +was his custom, and was full of discourse to company that was at +table. Going to bed I asked again, and said I could not believe he +loved me if he refused to tell me all he knew; but he answered +nothing, but stopped my mouth with kisses. So we went to bed, I cried, +and he went to sleep. Next morning early, as his custom was, he called +to rise, but began to discourse with me first, to which I made no +reply; he rose, came on the other side of the bed and kissed me, and +drew the curtains softly and went to Court. When he came home to +dinner, he presently came to me as was usual, and when I had him by +the hand, I said, 'Thou dost not care to see me troubled'; to which he +taking me in his arms, answered, 'My dearest soul, nothing upon earth +can afflict me like that, and when you asked me of my business, it was +wholly out of my power to satisfy thee, for my life and fortune shall +be thine, and every thought of my heart in which the trust I am in may +not be revealed, but my honour is my own, which I cannot preserve if I +communicate the Prince's affairs; and pray thee with this answer rest +satisfied.' So great was his reason and goodness, that upon +consideration it made my folly appear to me so vile, that from that +day until the day of his death I never thought fit to ask him any +business but what he communicated freely to me in order to his estate +or family. My husband grew much in the Prince's favour; and Mr. Long +not being suffered to execute the business of his place, as the +Council suspected that he held private intelligence with the Earl of +Essex, which when he perceived he went into the enemy's quarters, and +so to London, and then into France, full of complaints of the Prince's +Council to the Queen-Mother, and when he was gone your father supplied +his place. + +About July this year, [1645,] the plague increased so fast in Bristol, +that the Prince and all his retinue went to Barnstaple, which is one +of the finest towns in England; and your father and I went two days +after the Prince; for during all the time I was in the Court I never +journeyed but either before him, or when he was gone, nor ever saw him +but at church, for it was not in those days the fashion for honest +women, except they had business, to visit a man's Court. I saw there +at Mr. Palmer's, where we lay, who was a merchant, a parrot above a +hundred years old. They have, near this town, a fruit called a +massard, like a cherry, but different in taste, and makes the best +pies with their sort of cream I ever eat. My Lady Capell here left us, +and with a pass from the Earl of Essex, went to London with her eldest +daughter, now Marquesse of Worcester. Sir Allan Apsley was governor of +the town, and we had all sorts of good provision and accommodation; +but the Prince's affairs calling him from that place, we went to +Launceston, in Cornwall, and thither came very many gentlemen of that +county to do their duties to his Highness: they were generally loyal +to the crown and hospitable to their neighbours, but they are of a +crafty and censorious nature, as most are so far from London. That +country hath great plenty, especially of fish and fowl, but nothing +near so fat and sweet as within forty miles of London. We were +quartered at Truro, twenty miles beyond Launceston, in which place I +had like to have been robbed. One night having with me but seven or +eight persons, my husband being then at Launceston with his master, +somebody had discovered that my husband had a little trunk of the +Prince's in keeping, in which were some jewels that tempted them us to +assay; but, praised be God, I defended, with the few servants I had, +the house so long that help came from the town to my rescue, which was +not above a flight shot from the place where I dwelt; and the next day +upon my notice my husband sent me a guard by his Highness's command. +From thence the Court removed to Pendennis Castle, some time commanded +by Sir Nicholas Slanning, who lost his life bravely in the King's +service [Footnote: He was killed at the siege of Bristol.], and left +an excellent name behind him. In this place came Sir John Granville +into his Highness's service, and was made a gentleman of his +bedchamber. His father was a very honest gentleman, and lost his life +in the King's service; and his uncle, Sir Richard, was a good +commander but a little too severe. I was at Penzance with my father, +and in the same town was my brother Fanshawe and his lady and +children. My father and that family embarked for Morlaix, in +Brittanny, with my father's new wife, which he had then married out of +that family. My cousin Fanshawe, of Jenkins, and his eldest son, being +with them, went also over, but being in a small vessel of that port +and surprised with a great storm, they had all like to have been cast +away, which forced them to land in a little creek, two leagues from +Morlaix, upon the 28th of March, 1646; and five days after the Prince +and all his council embarked themselves in a ship called the Phoenix, +for the Isles of Scilly. They went from the Land's-end, and so did we; +being accompanied with many gentlemen of that country, among whom was +Sir Francis Basset, Governor of the Mount, an honest gentleman, and so +were all his family; and in particular we received great civility from +them. But we left our house and furniture with Captain Bluet, who +promised to keep them until such a time as we could dispose of them; +but when we sent, he said he had been plundered of them, +notwithstanding it was well known he lost nothing of his own. At that +time this loss went deep with us, for we lost to the value of 2OO +pounds and more. But, as the proverb saith, an evil chance seldom +comes alone: we having put all our present estate into two trunks, and +carried them aboard with us in a ship commanded by Sir Nicholas +Crispe, whose skill and honesty the master and seamen had no opinion +of, my husband was forced to appease their mutiny which his +miscarriage caused; and taking out money to pay the seamen, that night +following they broke open one of our trunks, and took out a bag of 60 +pounds and a quantity of gold lace, with our best clothes and linen, +with all my combs, gloves, and ribbons, which amounted to near 300 +pounds more. The next day, after having been pillaged, and extremely +sick and big with child, I was set on shore almost dead in the island +of Scilly. When we had got to our quarters near the Castle, where the +Prince lay, I went immediately to bed, which was so vile, that my +footman ever lay in a better, and we had but three in the whole house, +which consisted of four rooms, or rather partitions, two low rooms and +two little lofts, with a ladder to go up: in one of these they kept +dried fish, which was his trade, and in this my husband's two clerks +lay, one there was for my sister, and one for myself, and one amongst +the rest of the servants. But, when I waked in the morning, I was so +cold I knew not what to do, but the daylight discovered that my bed +was near swimming with the sea, which the owner told us afterwards it +never did so but at spring tide. With this, we were destitute of +clothes,--and meat, and fuel, for half the Court to serve them a month +was not to be had in the whole island; and truly we begged our daily +bread of God, for we thought every meal our last. The Council sent for +provisions to France, which served us, but they were bad, and a little +of them. Then, after three weeks and odd days, we set sail for the +Isle of Jersey, where we safely arrived, praised be God, beyond the +belief of all the beholders from that island; for the pilot not +knowing the way into the harbour, sailed over the rocks, but being +spring tide, and by chance high water, God be praised, his Highness +and all of us came safe ashore through so great a danger. Sir George +Carteret was Lieutenant-Governor of the island, under my Lord St. +Albans: a man formerly bred a sea-boy, and born in that island, the +brother's son of Sir Philip Carteret, whose younger daughter he +afterwards married. He endeavoured, with all his power, to entertain +his Highness and Court with all plenty and kindness possible, both +which the island afforded, and what was wanting, he sent for out of +France. + +There are in this island two castles, both good, but St. Mary's is +best, and hath the largest reception. There are many gentlemen's +houses, at which we were entertained. They have fine walks along to +their doors, double elms or oaks, which is extremely pleasant, and +their ordinary highways are good walks, by reason of the shadow. The +whole place is grass, except some small parcels where corn is grown. +The chiefest employment is knitting; they neither speak English nor +good French; they are a cheerful, good-natured people, and truly +subject to the present government. We quartered at a widow's house in +the market-place, Madame De Pommes, a stocking merchant: here I was +upon the 7th of March, [Footnote: Query, May or June. She did not +arrive in Jersey until April.] 1646, delivered of my second child, a +daughter, christened Anne. And now there began great disputes about +the Prince, for the Queen would have him to Paris, to which end she +sent many letters and messengers to his Highness and Council, who were +for the most part against his going, both to the Queen his mother, and +his going to France, for reasons of state, but the Queen having an +excellent solicitor in the Lord Colepeper, it was resolved by his +Highness to go: upon which Lord Capell, Lord Hopton, and the +Chancellor staid at Jersey, and with them my husband, whose employment +ceased when his master went out of his father's kingdom;--not that +your father sided with either party of the Council, but having no +inclination at that time to go to the Court, and because his brother, +Lord Fanshawe, was desperately sick at Caen, he intended to stay some +time with him. About the beginning of July, the Prince, accompanied +with the Earl of Bradford, a soldier of fortune, and Lord Colepeper, +and the Earl of Berkshire, and most of his servants, went to +Cotanville, and from thence to Paris, where he remained some little +time by his mother the Queen's council, and afterwards went into +Holland. Your father and I remained fifteen days in Jersey, and +resolved that he would remain with his brother in Caen, whilst he sent +me into England, whither my father was gone a month before, to see if +I could procure a sum of money. The beginning of August we took our +leave of the governor's family, and left our child with a nurse under +the care of the Lady Carteret; [Footnote: It was apparently this Lady, +of whom Pepys observes, 30th June, 1662. "Told my Lady Carteret, how +my Lady Fanshawe is fallen out with her only for speaking in behalf of +the French: which my Lady wonders at, they having been formerly like +sisters."--Diary, vol. i. p. 284.] and in four days we came to Caen, +and myself, sister, and maid went from Mr. Fanborne's house, where my +brother and all his family lodged, aboard a small merchantman that lay +in the river; and upon the 30th of August, I arrived in the Cowes, +near Southampton, to which place I went that night, and came to London +two days after. This was the first time I had taken a journey without +your father, and the first manage of business he ever put into my +hands, in which I thank God I had good success; for, lodging in Fleet +Street, at Mr. Eates, the Watchmaker, with my sister Boteler, I +procured by the means of Colonel Copley, a great Parliament-man, whose +wife had formerly been obliged to our family, a pass for your father +to come and compound for 300 pounds which was a part of my fortune, +but it was only a pretence, for your grandfather was obliged to +compound for it, and deliver it us free. And when your father was +come, he was very private in London; for he was in daily fears to be +imprisoned before he could raise money to go back again to his master, +who was not then in a condition to maintain him. Thus upon thorns he +stayed the October 1647. In the October before, 1646, my brother +Richard Harrison was born; and this year my sister Boteler married Sir +Philip Warwick, her second husband; for her first, Sir William +Boteler, was killed at Cropley-bridge, commanding a part of the King's +army: he was a most gallant, worthy, honest gentleman. + +The 30th of July I was delivered of a son, called Henry, in lodgings +in Portugal-row, Lincoln's-inn-fields. This was a very sad time for us +all of the King's party, for by the folly, to give it no worse name, +of Sir John Berkeley, since Lord Berkeley, and Mr. John Ashburnham, of +the King's bedchamber, who were drawn in by the cursed crew of the +then standing army for the Parliament to persuade the King to leave +Hampton Court, to which they had then carried him, and to make his +escape, which design failing, as the plot was laid, he was tormented +and afterwards barbarously and shamefully murdered, as all the world +knows. + +During his stay at Hampton Court, my husband was with him, to whom he +was pleased to talk much of his concerns, and give him there +credentials for Spain, with private instructions, and letters for his +service; but God for our sins disposed his Majesty's affairs +otherwise. I went three times to pay my duty to him, both as I was the +daughter of his servant, and wife of his servant. The last time I ever +saw him, when I took my leave, I could not refrain weeping: when he +had saluted me, I prayed to God to preserve his Majesty with long life +and happy years; he stroked me on the cheek, and said, 'Child, if God +pleaseth, it shall be so, but both you and I must submit to God's +will, and you know in what hands I am'; then turning to your father, +he said, 'Be sure, Dick, to tell my son all that I have said, and +deliver those letters to my wife; pray God bless her! I hope I shall +do well'; and taking him in his arms, said, 'Thou hast ever been an +honest man, and I hope God will bless thee, and make thee a happy +servant to my son, whom I have charged in my letter to continue his +love, and trust to you'; adding, 'I do promise you that if ever I am +restored to my dignity I will bountifully reward you both for your +service and sufferings.' Thus did we part from that glorious sun, that +within a few months after was murdered, to the grief of all Christians +that were not forsaken by God. + +The October, as I told you, my husband and I went into France, by the +way of Portsmouth, where, walking by the sea side about a mile from +our lodgings, two ships of the Dutch, then in war with England, shot +bullets at us so near that we heard them whiz by us; at which I called +to my husband to make haste back, and began to run, but he altered not +his pace, saying, 'If we must be killed, it were as good to be killed +walking as running.' But, escaping, we embarked the next day; and that +journey fetched home our girl we had left in Jersey; and my husband +was forced to come out of France to Hamerton, in Huntingdonshire, to +my sister Bedell's, to the wedding of his nephew, the last Lord Thomas +Fanshawe, who then married the daughter of Ferrers: as I have said +before, she was a very great fortune, and a most excellent woman, and +brought up some time after her mother's death with my sister Bedell. + +About two months after this, in June, I was delivered of a son on the +8th day, 1648. The latter end of July I went to London, leaving my +little boy Richard at nurse with his brother at Hartingfordbury. It +happened to be the very day after that the Lord Holland was taken +prisoner at St. Neot, and Lord Francis Villiers was killed; and as we +passed through the town, we saw Colonel Montague, afterwards Earl of +Sandwich, spoiling the town for the Parliament and himself. Coming to +London, I went to welcome the Marchioness of Ormond to town, that then +was come out of France, who received me with great kindness, as she +ever had done before, and told me she must love me for many reasons, +and one was, that we were both born in one chamber: when I left her, +she presented me with a ruby ring set with two diamonds, which she +prayed me to wear for her sake, and I have it to this day. + +In the month of September my husband was commanded by the Prince to +wait on him in the Downs, where he was with a very considerable fleet; +but the fleet was divided, part being for the King, and part for the +Parliament. They were resolved to fight that day, which if they had, +would have been the most cruel fight that ever England knew; but God +by his will parted them by a storm, and afterwards it was said, Lord +Colepeper, and one Low, a surgeon, that was a reputed knave, so +ordered the business, that for money the fleet was betrayed to the +enemy. During this time my husband wrote me a letter, from on board +the Prince's ship, full of concern for me, believing they should +engage on great odds; but, if he should lose his life, advised me to +patience, and this with so much love and reason, that my heart melts +to this day when I think of it; but, God be praised, he was reserved +for better things. + +In December [Footnote: This must be a mistake for NOVEMBER; for in +September he was on board the fleet in the Downs, and after passing +SIX WEEKS IN PARIS, he went to Calais with Lady Fanshawe on the 25th +of DECEMBER, 1649. The date of the year is also erroneous, as it is +evident from the context that it was 1648.] my husband went to Paris +on his master's business, and sent for me from London: I carried him +300 pounds of his money. During our stay at Paris, I was highly +obliged to the Queen-Mother of England. We passed away six weeks with +great delight in good company; my Lady Norton, that was governess to +the Lady Henrietta, Charles the First's youngest daughter, was very +kind. I had the honour of her company, both in my own lodging and in +the Palace Royal, where she attended her charge; likewise my Lady +Danby, and her daughter, my Lady Guilford, with many others of our +nation, both in the Court and out of it; amongst whom was Mr. Waller, +the poet, and his wife: they went with us to Calais, upon the 25th of +December, 1649. I, with my husband, kissed the Queen-Mother's hand, +who promised her favour, with much grace, to us both, and sent letters +to the King, then in Holland, by my husband. From her Majesty we +waited on the Princes, and afterwards took our leave of all that +Court. + +When we came to Calais, we met the Earl of Strafford and Sir Kenelm +Digby, with some others of our countrymen. We were all feasted at the +Governor's of the castle, and much excellent discourse passed; but, as +was reason, most share was Sir Kenelm Digby's, who had enlarged +somewhat more in extraordinary stories than might be averred, and all +of them passed with great applause and wonder of the French then at +table; but the concluding one was, that barnacles, a bird in Jersey, +was first a shell-fish in appearance, and from that, sticking upon old +wood, became in time a bird. After some consideration, they +unanimously burst out into laughter, believing it altogether false; +and, to say the truth, it was the only thing true he had discoursed +with them: that was his infirmity, though otherwise a person of most +excellent parts, and a very fine-bred gentleman. + +My husband thought it convenient to send me into England again, there +to try what sums I could raise, both for his subsistence abroad and +mine at home; and though nothing was so grievous to us both as +parting, yet the necessity both of the public and your father's +private affairs, obliged us often to yield to the trouble of absence, +as at this time. I took my leave with sad heart, and embarked myself +in a hoy for Dover, with Mrs. Waller and my sister Margaret Harrison, +and my little girl Nan; but a great storm arising, we had like to be +cast away, the vessel being half full of water, and we forced to land +at Deal, every one carried upon men's backs, and we up to the middle +in water, and very glad to escape so. About this time the Prince of +Orange was born. [Footnote: This is an error, as he was born on the +4th of November, 1650.] + +My husband went from thence by Flanders into Holland to his master; +and, in February following, your father was sent into Ireland by the +King, there to receive such monies as Prince Rupert could raise by the +fleet he commanded of the King's; but a few months put an end to that +design, though it had a very good aspect in the beginning, which made +my husband send for me and the little family I had thither. We went by +Bristol very cheerfully towards my north star, that only had the power +to fix me; and because I had had the good fortune, as I then thought +it, to sell 300 pounds a year to him that is now Judge Archer, in +Essex, for which he gave me 4000 pounds, which at that time I thought +a vast sum; but be it more or less, I am sure it was spent in seven +years' time in the King's service, and to this hour I repent it not, I +thank God. Five hundred pounds I carried to my husband, the rest I +left in my father's agent's hands to be returned as we needed it. + +I landed at Youghall, in Munster, as my husband directed me, in hopes +to meet me there; but I had the discomfort of a very hazardous voyage, +and the absence of your father, he then being upon business at Cork. +So soon as he heard I was landed, he came to me, and with mutual joy +we discoursed those things that were proper to entertain us both; and +thus, for six months, we lived so much to our satisfaction, that we +began to think of making our abode there during the war, for the +country was fertile, and all provisions cheap, and the houses good, +and we were placed in Red Abbey, a house of Dean Boyle's in Cork, and +my Lord of Ormond had a very good army, and the country seemingly +quiet; and, to complete our content, all persons were very civil to +us, especially Dean Boyle, Lord Chancellor of Ireland, and Archbishop +of Dublin and his family, and the Lord Inchiquin, whose daughter +Elkenna I christened in 1650. + +But what earthly comfort is exempt from change? for here I heard of +the death of my second son, Henry, and, within a few weeks, of the +landing of Cromwell, who so hotly marched over Ireland, that the fleet +with Prince Rupert was forced to set sail, and within a small time +after he lost all his riches, which was thought to be worth hundreds +of thousands of pounds, in one of his best ships, commanded by his +brother Maurice, who with many a brave man sunk and were all lost in a +storm at sea. + +We remained some time behind in Ireland, until my husband could +receive his Majesty's commands how to dispose of himself. During this +time I had, by the fall of a stumbling horse, being with child, broke +my left wrist, which, because it was ill-set, put me to great and long +pain, and I was in my bed when Cork revolted. By chance that day my +husband was gone on business to Kinsale: it was in the beginning of +November 1650. [Footnote: These events happened in November 1649.] At +midnight I heard the great guns go off, and thereupon I called up my +family to rise, which I did as well as I could in that condition. +Hearing lamentable shrieks of men, women, and children, I asked at a +window the cause; they told me they were all Irish, stripped and +wounded, and turned out of the town, and that Colonel Jeffries, with +some others, had possessed themselves of the town for Cromwell, Upon +this, I immediately wrote a letter to my husband, blessing God's +providence that he was not there with me, persuading him to patience +and hope that I should get safely out of the town, by God's +assistance, and desired him to shift for himself, for fear of a +surprise, with promise that I would secure his papers. + +So soon as I had finished my letter, I sent it by a faithful servant, +who was let down the garden-wall of Red Abbey, and, sheltered by the +darkness of the might, he made his escape. I immediately packed up my +husband's cabinet, with all his writings, and near 1000 pounds in gold +and silver, and all other things both of clothes, linen, and household +stuff that were portable, of value; and then, about three o'clock in +the morning, by the light of a taper, and in that pain I was in, I +went into the market-place, with only a man and maid, and passing +through an unruly tumult with their swords in their hands, searched +for their chief commander Jeffries, who, whilst he was loyal, had +received many civilities from your father. I told him it was necessary +that upon that change I should remove, and I desired his pass that +would be obeyed, or else I must remain there: I hoped he would not +deny me that kindness. He instantly wrote me a pass, both for myself, +family, and goods, and said he would never forget the respect he owed +your father. With this I came through thousands of naked swords to Red +Abbey, and hired the next neighbour's cart, which carried all that I +could remove; and myself, sister, and little girl Nan, with three +maids and two men, set forth at five o'clock in November, having but +two horses amongst us all, which we rid on by turns. In this sad +condition I left Red Abbey, with as many goods as were worth 100 +pounds which could not be removed, and so were plundered. We went ten +miles to Kinsale, in perpetual fear of being fetched back again; but, +by little and little, I thank God, we got safe to the garrison, where +I found your father the most disconsolate man in the world, for fear +of his family, which he had no possibility to assist; but his joys +exceeded to see me and his darling daughter, and to hear the wonderful +escape we, through the assistance of God, had made. + +But when the rebels went to give an account to Cromwell of their +meritorious act, he immediately asked them where Mr. Fanshawe was? +They replied, he was that day gone to Kinsale. Then he demanded where +his papers and his family were? At which they all stared at one +another, but made no reply. Their General said, 'It was as much worth +to have seized his papers as the town; for I did make account to have +known by them what these parts of the country are worth.' + +But within a few days we received the King's order, which was, that my +husband should, upon sight thereof, go into Spain to Philip IV. and +deliver him his Majesty's letters; and by my husband also his Majesty +sent letters to my Lord Cottington and Sir Edward Hyde, his +Ambassadors Extraordinary in that Court. Upon this order we went to +Macrome to the Lord Clancarty, who married a sister of the Lord +Ormond; we stayed there two nights, and at my coming away, after a +very noble entertainment, my Lady gave me a great Irish greyhound, and +I presented her with a fine besel-stone. + +From thence we went to Limerick, where we were entertained by the +Mayor and Aldermen very nobly; and the Recorder of the Town was very +kind, and in respect they made my husband a freeman of Limerick. There +we met the Bishop of Londonderry and the Earl of Roscommon, who was +Lord Chancellor of that Kingdom at that time. These two persons with +my husband being together writing letters to the King, to give an +account of the kingdom, when they were going down stairs from my Lord +Roscommon's chamber, striving to hold the candle at the stairs' head, +because the privacy of their despatch admitted not a servant to be +near, my Lord Roscommon fell down the stairs, and his head fell upon +the corner of a stone and broke his skull in three pieces, of which he +died five days after, leaving the broad seal of Ireland in your +father's hands, until such time as he could acquaint his Majesty with +this sad account, and receive orders how to dispose of the seals. This +caused our longer stay, but your father and I being invited to my Lord +Inchiquin's, there to stay till we heard out of Holland from the King, +which was a month before the messenger returned, we had very kind +entertainment, and vast plenty of fish and fowl. By this time my Lord +Lieutenant the now Duke of Ormond's army was quite dispersed, and +himself gone for Holland, and every person concerned in that interest +shifting for their lives; and Cromwell went through as bloodily as +victoriously, many worthy persons being murdered in cold blood, and +their families quite ruined. + +From hence we went to the Lady Honor O'Brien's, a lady that went for a +maid, but few believed it: she was the youngest daughter of the Earl +of Thomond. There we stayed three nights. The first of which I was +surprised by being laid in a chamber, when, about one o'clock I heard +a voice that wakened me. I drew the curtain, and in the casement of +the window, I saw, by the light of the moon, a woman leaning into the +window, through the casement, in white, with red hair and pale and +ghastly complexion: she spoke loud, and in a tone I had never heard, +thrice, 'A horse'; and then, with a sigh more like the wind than +breath she vanished, and to me her body looked more like a thick cloud +than substance. I was so much frightened, that my hair stood on end, +and my night clothes fell off. I pulled and pinched your father, who +never woke during the disorder I was in; but at last was much +surprised to see me in this fright, and more so when I related the +story and showed him the window opened. Neither of us slept any more +that night, but he entertained me with telling me how much more these +apparitions were usual in this country than in England; and we +concluded the cause to be the great superstition of the Irish, and the +want of that knowing faith, which should defend them from the power of +the Devil, which he exercises among them very much. About five o'clock +the lady of the house came to see us, saying she had not been in bed +all night, because a cousin O'Brien of her's, whose ancestors had +owned that house, had desired her to stay with him in his chamber, and +that he died at two o'clock, and she said, 'I wish you to have had no +disturbance, for 'tis the custom of the place, that, when any of the +family are dying, the shape of a woman appears in the window every +night till they be dead. This woman was many ages ago got with child +by the owner of this place, who murdered her in his garden and flung +her into the river under the window, but truly I thought not of it +when I lodged you here, it being the best room in the house.' We made +little reply to her speech, but disposed ourselves to be gone +suddenly. + +By this time my husband had received orders from the King to give the +Lord Inchiquin the seals to keep until farther orders from his +Majesty. When that business was settled, we went, accompanied by my +Lord Inchiquin and his family, four or five miles towards Galway, +which he did not by choice, but the plague had been so hot in that +city the summer before, that it was almost depopulated, and the haven +as much as the town. But your father hearing that, by accident, there +was a great ship of Amsterdam bound for Malaga, in Spain, and Cromwell +pursuing his conquests at our backs, resolved to fall into the hands +of God rather than into the hands of men; and with his family of about +ten persons came to the town at the latter end of February, [Footnote: +Probably January, as in a subsequent page Lady Fanshawe says, she +embarked for Galway in the beginning of February.] where we found +guards placed that none should enter without certificates from whence +they came; but understanding that your father came to embark himself +for Spain, and that there was a merchant's house taken for us, that +was near the sea-side, and one of their best, they told us, if we +pleased to alight, they would wait on us to the place; but it was long +from thence, and no horses were admitted into the town. + +An Irish footman that served us, said, 'I lived here some years and +know every street, and likewise know a much nearer way than these men +can show you, Sir; therefore come with me, if you please.' We resolved +to follow him, and sent our horses to stables in the suburbs: he led +us all on the back side of the town, under the walls, over which the +people during the plague, which was not yet quite stopped, flung out +all their dung, dirt, and rags, and we walked up to the middle of our +legs in them, for, being engaged, we could not get back. At last we +found the house, by the master standing at the door expecting us, who +said, 'You are welcome to this disconsolate city, where you now see +the streets grown over with grass, once the finest little city in the +world.' And indeed it is easy to think so, the buildings being +uniformly built, and a very fine marketplace, and walks arched and +paved by the sea-side for their merchants to walk on, and a most noble +harbour. + +Our house was very clean, only one maid in it besides the master; we +had a very good supper provided, and being very weary went early to +bed. The owner of this house entertained us with the story of the late +Marquis of Worcester, who had been there some time the year before: he +had of his own and other friends' jewels to the value of 8000 pounds, +which some merchants had lent upon them. My Lord appointed a day for +receiving the money upon them and delivering the jewels; being met, he +shows them to all these persons, then seals them up in a box, and +delivered them to one of these merchants, by consent of the rest, to +be kept for one year, and upon the payment of the 8000 pounds by my +Lord Marquis to be delivered him. + +After my Lord had received the money, he was entertained at all these +persons' houses, and nobly feasted with them near a month: he went +from thence into France. When the year was expired, they, by letters +into France, pressed the payment of this borrowed money several times, +alleging they had great necessity of their money to drive their trade +with; to which my Lord Marquis made no answer; which did at last so +exasperate these men, that they broke open the seals, and opening the +box found nothing but rags and stones for their 8000 pounds at which +they were highly enraged, and in this case I left them. + +At the beginning of February we took ship, and our kind host, with +much satisfaction in our company, prayed God to bless us and give us a +good voyage, for, said he, 'I thank God you are all gone safe aboard +from my house, notwithstanding I have buried nine persons out of my +house within these six months'; which saying much startled us, but, +God's name be praised, we were all well, and so continued. + +Here now our scene was shifted from land to sea, and we left that +brave kingdom, fallen, in six or eight months, into a most miserable +sad condition, as it hath been many times in most kings' reigns, God +knows why! for I presume not to say; but the natives seem to me a very +loving people to each other, and constantly false to all strangers, +the Spaniards only excepted. The country exceeds in timber and sea- +ports, and great plenty of fish, fowl, flesh, and, by shipping, wants +no foreign commodities. We pursued our voyage with prosperous winds, +but with a most tempestuous master, a Dutchman, which is enough to +say, but truly, I think, the greatest beast I ever saw of his kind. + +When we had just passed the Straits, we saw coming towards us, with +full sails, a Turkish galley well manned, and we believed we should be +all carried away slaves, for this man had so laden his ship with goods +for Spain, that his guns were useless, though the ship carried sixty +guns. He called for brandy; and after he had well drunken, and all his +men, which were near two hundred, he called for arms and cleared the +deck as well as he could, resolving to fight rather than lose his +ship, which was worth thirty thousand pounds. This was sad for us +passengers; but my husband bade us be sure to keep in the cabin, and +the women not to appear, which would make the Turks think that we were +a man-of-war, but if they saw women they would take us for merchants +and board us. He went upon the deck, and took a gun and bandoliers, +and sword, and, with the rest of the ship's company, stood upon deck +expecting the arrival of the Turkish man-of-war. This beast, the +Captain, had locked me up in the cabin; I knocked and called long to +no purpose, until, at length, the cabin-boy came and opened the door; +I, all in tears, desired him to be so good as to give me his blue +thrum cap he wore, and his tarred coat, which he did, and I gave him +half a crown, and putting them on and flinging away my night clothes, +I crept up softly and stood upon the deck by my husband's side, as +free from sickness and fear as, I confess, from discretion; but it was +the effect of that passion, which I could never master. + +By this time the two vessels were engaged in parley, and so well +satisfied with speech and sight of each other's forces, that the +Turks' man-of-war tacked about, and we continued our course. But when +your father saw it convenient to retreat, looking upon me, he blessed +himself, and snatched me up in his arms, saying, 'Good God, that love +can make this change!' and though he seemingly chid me, he would laugh +at it as often as he remembered that voyage. And in the beginning of +March we all landed, praised be God, in Malaga, very well, and full of +content to see ourselves delivered from the sword and plague, and +living in hope that we should one day return happily to our native +country; notwithstanding, we thought it great odds, considering how +the affairs of the King's three kingdoms stood; but we trusted in the +providence of Almighty God, and proceeded. + +We were very kindly entertained by the merchants, and by them lodged +in a merchant's house, where we had not been with our goods three +days, when the vessel that brought us thither, by the negligence of a +cabin-boy, was blown up in the harbour, with the loss of above a +hundred men and all our lading. + +After we had refreshed ourselves some days, we went on our journey +towards Madrid, and lodged the first night at Velez Malaga, to which +we were accompanied by most of the merchants. The next day we went to +Grenada, having passed the highest mountains I ever saw in my life, +but under this lieth the finest valley that can be possibly described, +adorned with high trees and rich grass, and beautified with a large +deep clear river. Over the town and this standeth the goodly vast +palace of the King's, called the Alhambra, whose buildings are, after +the fashion of the Moors, adorned with vast quantities of jasper- +stone; many courts, many fountains, and by reason it is situated on +the side of a hill, and not built uniform, many gardens with ponds in +them, and many baths made of jasper, and many principal rooms roofed +with the mosaic work, which exceeds the finest enamel I ever saw. Here +I was showed in the midst of a very large piece of rich embroidery +made by the Moors of Grenada, in the middle as long as half a yard of +the true Tyrian dye, which is so glorious a colour that it cannot be +expressed: it hath the glory of scarlet, the beauty of purple, and is +so bright, that when the eye is removed upon any other object it seems +as white as snow. + +The entry into this great Palace is of stone, for a Porter's-lodge, +but very magnificent, through the gate below, which is adorned with +figures of forestwork, in which the Moors did transcend. High above +this gate was a bunch of keys cut in stone likewise, with this motto: +'Until that hand holds those keys, the Christians shall never possess +this Alhambra.' This was a prophecy they had, in which they animated +themselves, by reason of the impossibility that ever they should meet. +But see, how true there is a time for all things! It happened that +when the Moors were besieged in that place by Don Fernando and his +Queen Isabella, the King with an arrow out of a bow, which they then +used in war, shooting the first arrow as their custom is, cut that +part of the stone that holds the keys, which was in fashion of a +chain, and the keys falling, remained in the hand underneath. This +strange accident preceded but a few days the conquest of the town of +Grenada and kingdom. + +They have in this place an iron grate, fixed into the side of the +hill, that is a rock: I laid my head to the key-hole and heard a noise +like the clashing of arms, but could not distinguish other shrill +noises I heard with that, but tradition says it could never be opened +since the Moors left it, notwithstanding several persons had +endeavoured to wrench it open, but that they perished in the attempt. +The truth of this I can say no more to; but that there is such a gate, +and I have seen it. + +After two days we went on our journey; and on the 13th of April 1650, +we came to the Court of Madrid, where we were the next day visited by +the two English ambassadors, and afterwards by all the English +merchants. + +Here I was delivered of my first daughter, that was called Elizabeth, +upon the 13th of July. She lived but fifteen days, and lies buried in +the Chapel of the French Hospital. Your father had great difficulty to +carry on his business, without encroaching upon the Extraordinary +Ambassador's negotiation, and the performance of his Majesty's +commands to show his present necessities, which he was sent to Philip +IV. for, in hopes of a present supply of money, which our King then +lacked; but finding no good to be done on that errand, he and I, +accompanied by Dr. Bell, of Jesus College in Cambridge, who had been +his tutor, went a day's journey together towards St. Sebastian, there +to embark for France. + +While we stayed in this Court we were kindly treated by all the +English; and it was no small trouble to your father's tutor to quit +his company, but, having undertaken the charge of that family of the +ambassador's as their chaplain, he said, he held himself obliged in +conscience to stay, and so he did. In a few months after he died +there, and lies buried in the garden-house, where they then lived. + +Whilst we were in Madrid, there was sent one Askew, as resident from +the then Governor of England; he lay in a common eating-house where +some travellers used to lie, and being one day at dinner, some young +men meeting in the street with Mr. Prodgers, a gentleman belonging to +the Lord Ambassador Cottington, and Mr. Sparks, an English merchant, +discoursing of news, began to speak of the impudence of that Askew, to +come a public minister from rebels to a Court where there were two +Ambassadors from his King. This subject being handled with heat, they +all resolved to go without more consideration into his lodgings +immediately and kill him: they came up to his chamber door, and +finding it open, and he sat at dinner, seized him, and so killed him, +and went their several ways. Afterwards they found Mr. Sparks in a +church for rescue, notwithstanding it was contrary to their religion +and laws, and they forced him out from thence, and executed him +publicly, their fears of the English power were then so great. + +There was at that time the Lord Goring, son to the Earl of Norwich: he +had a command under Philip the Fourth of Spain, against the +Portuguese: he was generally esteemed a good and great commander, and +had been brought up in Holland in his youth, of vast natural parts; +for I have heard your father say, he hath dictated to several persons +at once that were upon despatches, and all so admirably well, that +none of them could be mended. He was exceeding facetious and pleasant +company, and in conversation, where good manners were due, the +civilest person imaginable, so that he would blush like a girl. He was +very tall, and very handsome: he had been married to a daughter of the +Earl of Cork, but never had a child by her. His expenses were what he +could get, and his debauchery beyond all precedents, which at last +lost him that love the Spaniards had for him; and that country not +admitting his constant drinking, he fell sick of a hectic fever, in +which he turned his religion, and with that artifice could scarce get +to keep him whilst he lived in that sickness, or to bury him when he +was dead. + +We came to St. Sebastian's about the beginning of September, and there +hired a small French vessel to carry us to Nantz: we embarked within +two days after our coming to this town. I never saw so wild a place, +nor were the inhabitants unsuitable, but like to like, which made us +hasten away, and I am sure to our cost we found the proverb true, for +our haste brought us woe. We had not been a day at sea before we had a +storm begun, that continued two days and two nights in a most violent +manner; and being in the Bay of Biscay, we had a hurricane that drew +the vessel up from the water, which had neither sail nor mast left, +and but six men and a boy. Whilst they had hopes of life they ran +swearing about like devils, but when that failed them, they ran into +holes, and let the ship drive as it would. In this great hazard of our +lives we were the beginning of the third night, when God in mercy +ceased the storm of a sudden, and there was a great calm, which made +us exceeding joyful; but when those beasts, for they were scarce men, +that manned the vessel, began to rummage the bark, they could not find +their compass anywhere, for the loss of which they began again such +horrible lamentations as were as dismal to us as the storm past. + +Thus between hope and fear we passed the night, they protesting to us +they knew not where they were, and truly we believed them; for with +fear and drink I think they were bereaved of their senses. So soon as +it was day, about six o'clock, the master cried out, 'The land! the +land!' but we did not receive the news with the joy belonging to it, +but sighing said, God's will be done! Thus the tide drove us until +about five o'clock in the afternoon, and drawing near the side of a +small rock that had a creek by it, we ran aground, but the sea was so +calm that we all got out without the loss of any man or goods, but the +vessel was so shattered that it was not afterwards serviceable: thus, +God be praised! we escaped this great danger, and found ourselves near +a little village about two leagues from Nantz. We hired there six +asses, upon which we rode as many as could by turns, and the rest +carried our goods. This journey took us up all the next day, for I +should have told you that we stirred not that night, because we sat up +and made good cheer; for beds they had none, and we were so +transported that we thought we had no need of any, but we had very +good fires, and Nantz white wine, and butter, and milk, and walnuts +and eggs, and some very bad cheese; and was not this enough, with the +escape of shipwreck, to be thought better than a feast? I am sure +until that hour I never knew such pleasure in eating, between which we +a thousand times repeated what we had spoken when every word seemed to +be our last. + +As soon as it was day, we began our journey towards Nantz, and by the +way we passed by a little poor chapel, at the door of which a friar +begged an alms, saying, that he would show us there the greatest +wonder in the world. We resolved to go with him. He went before us to +the altar, and out of a cupboard, with great devotion, he took a box, +and crossing himself he opened it, in that was another of crystal that +contained a little silver box; he lifting this crystal box up, cried, +'Behold in this the hem [Footnote: Thus in the MS.; but query if a +mistake of the transcriber.] of St. Joseph, which was taken as he +hewed his timber!' To which my husband replied, 'Indeed, Father, it is +the lightest, considering the greatness, that I ever handled in my +life.' The ridiculousness of this, with the simplicity of the man, +entertained us till we came to Nantz. We met by the way good grapes +and walnuts growing, of which we culled out the best. + +Nantz is a passable good town, but decayed: some monasteries in it, +but none good nor rich. There was in a nunnery, when I was there, a +daughter of Secretary Windebank. There is English provisions, and of +all sorts, cheap and good. We hired a boat to carry us up to Orleans, +and we were towed up all the river of Loire so far. Every night we +went on shore to bed, and every morning carried into the boat wine and +fruit, and bread, with some flesh, which we dressed in the boat, for +it had a hearth, on which we burnt charcoal: we likewise caught carps, +which were the fattest and the best I ever eat in my life. And of all +my travels none were, for travel sake as I may call it, so pleasant as +this; for we saw the finest cities, seats, woods, meadows, pastures, +and champaign that I ever saw in my life, adorned with the most +pleasant river of Loire; of which, at Orleans, we took our leaves. +Arriving, about the middle of November 1650, at Paris, we went, so +soon as we could get clothes, to wait on the Queen-Mother and the +Princess Henrietta. The Queen entertained us very respectfully, and +after many favours done us, and discoursing in private with your +father about affairs of state, he received her Majesty's letters to +send to the King, who was then on his way to Scotland. We kissed her +hand and went to Calais, with resolution that I should go to England, +to send my husband more money, for this long journey cost us all we +could procure: yet this I will tell you, praised be God for his +peculiar grace herein, that your father nor I ever borrowed money nor +owed for clothes, nor diet, nor lodging beyond sea in our lives, which +was very much, considering the straits we were in many times, and the +bad custom our countrymen had that way, which did redound much to the +King's dishonour and their own discredit. + +When we came to Calais, my husband sent me to England, and staying +himself there, intending, as soon as he had received money, to go and +live in Holland until such time as it should please Almighty God to +enable him again to wait on his Majesty, now in Scotland, both to give +him an account of his journey into Spain, as of the rest of his +employments since he kissed his hand. But God ordered it otherwise; +for the case being that the two parties in Scotland being both +unsatisfied with each other's ministers, and Sir E. Hyde and Secretary +Nicholas being excepted against, and left in Holland, it was proposed, +the state wanting a Secretary for the King, that your father should be +immediately sent for, which was done accordingly, and he went with +letters and presents from the Princess of Orange, and the Princess +Royal. + +Here I will show you something of Sir Edward Hyde's nature: he being +surprised with this news, and suspecting that my husband might come to +a greater power than himself, both because of his parts and integrity, +and because himself had been sometimes absent in the Spanish Embassy, +he with all the humility possible, and earnest passion, begged my +husband to remember the King often of him to his advantage as occasion +should serve, and to procure leave that he might wait on the King, +promising, with all the oaths that he could express to cause belief, +that he would make it his business all the days of his life to serve +your father's interest in what condition soever he should be in: thus +they parted, with your father's promise to serve him in what he was +capable of, upon which account many letters passed between them. + +When your father arrived in Scotland, he was received by the King with +great expressions of great content; and after he had given an account +of his past employment, he was by the King recommended to the York +party, who received him very kindly, and gave him both the broad seal +and signet to keep. + +They several times pressed him to take the Covenant, but he never did, +but followed his business so close, with such diligence and temper, +that he was well beloved on all sides, and they reposed great trust in +him. When he went out of Holland, he wrote to me to arm myself with +patience in his absence, and likewise that I would not expect many +letters as was his custom, for that was now impossible; but he hoped, +that when we did meet again, it would be happy and of long +continuance, and bade me trust God with him, as he did me, in whose +mercy he hoped, being upon that duty he was obliged to, with a +thousand kind expressions. + +But God knows how great a surprise this me, being great with child, +and two children with me not in the best condition to maintain them, +and in daily fears of your father upon the private account of +animosities amongst themselves in Scotland; but I did what I could to +arm myself, and was kindly visited both by my relations and friends. + +About this time my cousin Evelyn's wife [Footnote: Evelyn frequently +mentions his "cousin Richard Fanshawe," in his Diary. On the 6th of +February, 1651-2, he says, "I went to visit my cousin Richard +Fanshawe, and divers other friends"; and on the 6th of March, in that +year, he observes, "My cousin Richard Fanshawe came to visit me, and +inform me of many considerable affairs." On the 23rd of November, +1654, he went to London to visit his "cousin Fanshawe."--Diary, vol. +ii. pp. 48, 49, 98. Lady Brown, Mr. Evelyn's mother-in-law, died at +Woodcot, in Kent, towards the end of October 1652.--Ibid. p. 61.] came +to London, and had newly buried her mother, my Lady Brown, wife to Sir +Richard Brown, that then was resident for the King at Paris. A little +before she and I and Doctor Steward, a Clerk of the closet to King +Charles the First, christened a daughter of Mr. Waters, near a year +old. About this time, Lord Chief Justice Heath died at Calais, and +several of the King's servants at Paris, amongst others Mr. Henry +Murray, of his bedchamber, a very good man. + +I now settled myself in a handsome lodging in London. With a heavy +heart I stayed in this lodging almost seven months, and in that time I +did not go abroad seven times, but spent my time in prayer to God for +the deliverance of the King and my husband, whose danger was ever +before my eyes. I was seldom without the best company, and sometimes +my father would stay a week, for all had compassion on my condition. I +removed to Queenstreet, and there in a very good lodging I was upon +the 24th of June delivered of a daughter: in all this time I had but +four letters from your father, which made the pain I was in more +difficult to bear. + +I went with my brother Fanshawe to Ware Park, and my sister went to +Balls, to my father, both intending to meet in the winter; and so +indeed we did with tears; for the 3rd of September following was +fought the battle of Worcester, when the King being missed, and +nothing heard of your father being dead or alive, for three days it +was inexpressible what affliction I was in. I neither eat nor slept, +but trembled at every motion I heard, expecting the fatal news, which +at last came in their news-book, which mentioned your father a +prisoner. + +Then with some hopes I went to London, intending to leave my little +girl Nan, the companion of my troubles, there, and so find out my +husband wheresoever he was carried. But upon my coming to London, I +met a messenger from him with a letter, which advised me of his +condition, and told me he was very civilly used, and said little more, +but that I should be in some room at Charing-cross, where he had +promise from his keeper that he should rest there in my company at +dinner-time: this was meant to him as a great favour. I expected him +with impatience, and on the day appointed provided a dinner and room, +as ordered, in which I was with my father and some of our friends, +where, about eleven of the clock, we saw hundreds of poor soldiers, +both English and Scotch, march all naked on foot, and many with your +father, who was very cheerful in appearance, who after he had spoken +and saluted me and his friends there, said, 'Pray let us not lose +time, for I know not how little I have to spare. This is the chance of +war; nothing venture, nothing have; so let us sit down and be merry +whilst we may.' Then taking my hand in his and kissing me, 'Cease +weeping, no other thing upon earth can move me: remember we are all at +God's disposal.' + +Then he began to tell how kind his Captain was to him, and the people +as he passed offered him money, and brought him good things, and +particularly Lady Denham, at Borstal-house, who would have given him +all the money she had in her house, but he returned her thanks, and +told her he had so ill kept his own, that he would not tempt his +governor with more, but if she would give him a shirt or two, and some +handkerchiefs, he would keep them as long as he could for her sake. +She fetched him two smocks of her own, and some handkerchiefs, saying +she was ashamed to give him them, but, having none of her sons at +home, she desired him to wear them. + +Thus we passed the time until order came to carry him to Whitehall, +where, in a little room yet standing in the bowling-green, he was kept +prisoner, without the speech of any, so far as they knew, ten weeks, +and in expectation of death. They often examined him, and at last he +grew so ill in health by the cold and hard marches he had undergone, +and being pent up in a room close and small, that the scurvy brought +him almost to death's door. + +During the time of his imprisonment, I failed not constantly to go, +when the clock struck four in the morning, with a dark lantern in my +hand, all alone and on foot, from my lodging in Chancery Lane, at my +cousin Young's, to Whitehall, in at the entry that went out of King +Street into the bowling-green. There I would go under his window and +softly call him: he, after the first time excepted, never failed to +put out his head at the first call: thus we talked together, and +sometimes I was so wet with the rain, that it went in at my neck and +out at my heels. He directed me how I should make my addresses, which +I did ever to their general, Cromwell, who had a great respect for +your father, and would have bought him off to his service upon any +terms. + +Being one day to solicit for my husband's liberty for a time, he bade +me bring the next day a certificate from a physician, that he was +really ill. Immediately I went to Dr. Bathurst, that was by chance +both physician to Cromwell and to our family, who gave me one very +favourable in my husband's behalf. I delivered it at the Council +Chamber, at three of the clock that afternoon, as he commanded me, and +he himself moved, that seeing they could make no use of his +imprisonment, whereby to lighten them in their business, he might have +his liberty upon four thousand pounds bail, to take a course of +physic, he being dangerously ill. Many spake against it, but most Sir +Henry Vane, who said he would be as instrumental, for aught he knew, +to hang them all that sat there, if ever he had opportunity, but if he +had liberty for a time, that he might take the engagement before he +went out: upon which Cromwell said, 'I never knew that the ENGAGEMENT +[Footnote: Cromwell probably meant to pun upon this word.--In Ireland, +"engagement" means an ISSUE; "an engagement in the neck," arm, &c., +i.e., an issue in those places.] was a medicine for the scorbutic.' +They, hearing their General say so, thought it obliged him, and so +ordered him his liberty upon bail. His eldest brother, and sister +Bedell, and self, were bound in four thousand pounds; and the latter +end of November he came to my lodgings, at my cousin Young's. He there +met many of his good friends and kindred; and my joy was +inexpressible, and so was poor Nan's, of whom your poor father was +very fond. I forgot to tell you, that when your father was taken +prisoner of war, he, before they entered the house where he was, +burned all his papers, which saved the lives and estates of many a +brave gentleman. + +When he came out of Scotland, he left behind him a box of writings, in +which his patent of Baronet was, and his patent of additional arms, +[Footnote: A coat of augmentation was granted to Richard Fanshawe, +Esq., Remembrancer of the Exchequer, and to his family, by patent, +dated at Jersey, 8th of February, 2 Car. II. 1650, being "Cheeky +Argent and Azure, a Cross Gules." Grants of that kind to persons who +distinguished themselves in the service of the King were very common, +and consisted, in most cases, either of the lion of England, a fleur- +de-lis, or, as in the instance of Mr. Fanshawe, of the Cross of St. +George. Sir Richard was created a Baronet on the 2nd of September +1650.] which was safely sent after him, after the happy restoration of +the King. You may read your father's demeanour of himself in this +affair, wrote by his own hand, in a book by itself amongst your books, +and it is a great masterpiece, as you will find. + +Within ten days he fell very sick, and the fever settled in his throat +and face so violently, that, for many days and nights, he slept no +more but as he leaned on my shoulder as I walked: at last, after all +the Doctor and Surgeon could do, it broke, and with that he had ease, +and so recovered, God be praised! In 1652, he was advised to go to +Bath for his scorbutic that still hung on him, but he deferred his +journey until August, because I was delivered on the 30th of July of a +daughter. + +At his return, we went to live that winter following at Benfield, in +Hertfordshire, a house of my niece Fanshawe's. In this winter my +husband went to wait on his good friend the Earl of Strafford, in +Yorkshire; and there my Lord offered him a house of his in Tankersly +Park, which he took, and paid 120 l. a year for. When my husband +returned, we prepared to go in the spring to this place, but were so +confined, that my husband could not stir five miles from home without +leave. About February following, my brother Neuce died, at his house +at Much Hadham, in Hertfordshire. My sister, Margaret Harrison, +desired to go to London, and there we left her: she soon after married +Mr. Edmund Turner, afterwards Sir Edmund. + +In March we with our three children, Anne, Richard, and Betty, went +into Yorkshire, where we lived a harmless country life, minding only +the country sports and country affairs. Here my husband translated +Luis de Camoens; and on October 8th, 1653, I was delivered of my +daughter Margaret. I found all the neighbourhood very civil and kind +upon all occasions; the place plentiful and healthful, and very +pleasant, but there was no fruit: we planted some, and my Lord +Strafford says now, that what we planted is the best fruit in the +North. + +The house of Tankersly and Park are both very pleasant and good, and +we lived there with great content; but God had ordered it should not +last, for upon the 20th of July 1654, at three o'clock in the +afternoon, died our most dearly beloved daughter Ann, whose beauty and +wit exceeded all that ever I saw of her age. She was between nine and +ten years old, very tall, and the dear companion of my travels and +sorrows. She lay sick but five days of the smallpox, in which time she +expressed so many wise and devout sayings, as is a miracle for her +years. We both wished to have gone into the same grave with her. She +lies buried in Tankersly church, and her death made us both desirous +to quit that fatal place to us; and so the week after her death we +did, and came to Hamerton, and were half a year with my sister Bedell. +Then my husband was sent for to London, there to stay, by command of +the High Court of Justice, and not to go five miles from that town, +but to appear once a month before them. We then went again to my +cousin Young's, in Chancery Lane: and about Christmas my husband got +leave to go to Frog-Pool, in Kent, to my brother Warwick's; where, +upon the 22nd of February 1655, I was delivered of a daughter, whom we +named Ann, to keep in remembrance her dear sister, whom we had newly +lost. We returned to our lodgings in Chancery Lane, where my husband +was forced to attend till Christmas 1655; and then we went down to +Jenkins, to Sir Thomas Fanshawe's; but upon New Year's Day my husband +fell very sick, and the scorbutic again prevailed, so much that it +drew his upper lip awry, upon which we that day came to London, into +Chancery Lane, but not to my cousin Young's, but to a house we took of +Sir George Carey, for a year. There by the advice of Doctor Bathurst +and Doctor Ridgley, my husband took physic for two months together, +and at last, God be praised! he perfectly recovered his sickness, and +his lip was as well as ever. + +In this house, upon the 12th day of July in 1656, I was delivered of a +daughter, named Mary; and in this month died my second daughter, +Elizabeth, that I had left with my sister Boteler, at Frog-Pool, to +see if that air would recover her; but she died of a hectic fever, and +lies buried in the church of Foots Cray. My husband, weary of the +town, and being advised to go into the country for his health, +procured leave to go in September to Bengy, in Hertford, to a little +house lent us by my brother Fanshawe. + +It happened at that time there was a very ill kind of fever, of which +many died, and it ran generally through all families: this we and all +our family fell sick of, and my husband's and mine after some months +turned to quartan agues; but I being with child, none thought I could +live, for I was brought to bed of a son in November,[Footnote: "This +son, Henry, lies buried in Bengy church."] ten weeks before my time; +and thence forward until April 1658, I had two fits every day, that +brought me so low that I was like an anatomy. I never stirred out of +my bed seven months, nor during that time eat flesh, nor fish, nor +bread, but sage posset drink, and pancake or eggs, or now and then a +turnip or carrot. Your father was likewise very ill, but he rose out +of his bed some hours daily, and had such a greediness upon him, that +he would eat and drink more than ordinary persons that eat most, +though he could not stand upright without being held, and in perpetual +sweats, and that so violent that it ran down day and night like water. +This I have told you that you may see how near dying we were; for +which recovery I humbly praise God. He got leave in August to go to +Bath, which, God be praised! perfectly recovered us, and so we +returned into Hertfordshire, to the Friary of Ware, which we hired of +Mrs. Heydon for a year. This place we accounted happy to us, because +in October we heard the news of Cromwell's death, upon which my +husband began to hope that he should get loose of his fetters, in +which he had been seven years; and going to London, in company with my +Lord Philip, Earl of Pembroke, he lamented his case of his bonds to +him that was his old and constant friend. He told him that if he would +dine with him the next day, he would give him some account of that +business. The next day he said to him, 'Mr. Fanshawe, I must send my +eldest son into France; if you will not take it ill that I desire your +company with him and care of him for one year, I will procure you your +bonds within this week.' My husband was overjoyed to get loose upon +any terms that were innocent, so, having seen his bonds cancelled, he +went into France to Paris, from whence he by letter gave an account to +Lord Chancellor Clarendon of his being got loose, and desired him to +acquaint his Majesty of it, and to send him his commands, which was +about April 1659. He did to this effect, that his Majesty was then +going a journey, which afterwards proved to Spain; but upon his +return, which would be about the beginning of winter, my husband +should come to him, and that he should have, in present, the place of +one of the Masters of Request, and the Secretary of the Latin Tongue. +Then my husband sent me word of this, and bade me bring my son +Richard, and my eldest daughters with me to Paris, for that he +intended to put them to a very good school that he had found at Paris. +We went as soon as I could possibly accommodate myself with money and +other necessaries, with my three children, one maid, and one man. I +could not go without a pass, and to that purpose I went to my cousin +Henry Nevill, [Footnote: He was her cousin, being the second son of +Sir Harry Nevill the younger, of Billingbere, in Essex, by Elizabeth, +daughter of Sir John Smythe, of Ostenhanger, sister to the first +Viscount Strangford.] one of the High Court of Justice, where he was +then sitting at Whitehall. I told him my husband had sent for me and +his son, to place him there, and that he desired his kindness to help +me to a pass: he went in to the then masters, and returned to me, +saying, 'that by a trick my husband had got his liberty, but for me +and his children, upon no conditions we should not stir.' I made no +reply, but thanked my cousin, Henry Nevill, and took my leave. I sat +me down in the next room, full sadly to consider what I should do, +desiring God to help me in so just a cause as I then was in. I began +and thought if I were denied a passage then, they would ever after be +more severe on all occasions, and it might be very ill for us both. I +was ready to go, if I had a pass, the next tide, and might be there +before they could suspect I was gone: these thoughts put this +invention in my head. + +At Wallingford House, the Office was kept where they gave passes: +thither I went in as plain a way and speech as I could devise, leaving +my maid at the gate, who was much a finer gentlewoman than myself. +With as ill mien and tone as I could express, I told a fellow I found +in the Office that I desired a pass for Paris, to go to my husband. +'Woman, what is your husband, and your name?' 'Sir,' said I, with +many courtesies, 'he is a young merchant, and my name is Ann +Harrison.' 'Well,' said he, 'it will cost you a crown:'--said I, 'That +is a great sum for me, but pray put in a man, my maid, and three +children.' All which he immediately did, telling me a malignant would +give him five pounds for such a pass. + +I thanked him kindly, and so went immediately to my lodgings; and with +my pen I made the great H of Harrison, two ff, and the rrs, an n, and +the i, an s, and the s, an h, and the o, an a, and the n, a w, so +completely, that none could find out the change. With all speed I +hired a barge, and that night at six o'clock I went to Gravesend, and +from thence by coach to Dover, where, upon my arrival, the searchers +came and demanded my pass, which they were to keep for their +discharge. When they had read it, they said, 'Madam, you may go when +you please;' but says one, 'I little thought they would give a pass to +so great a malignant, especially in so troublesome a time as this.' + +About nine o'clock at night I went on board the packet-boat, and about +eight o'clock in the morning landed safe, God be praised! at Calais. I +went to Mr. Booth's, an English merchant, and a very honest man. There +I rested two days; but upon the next day he had advice from Dover, +that a post was sent to stay me from London, because they had sent for +me to my lodgings by a messenger of the Court, to know why, and upon +what business, I went to France. Then I discovered to him my invention +of the changing my name, at which as at their disappointment we all +laughed, and so did your father, and as many as knew the deceit. We +hired a waggon-coach, for there is no other at Calais, and began our +journey about the beginning of June 1659. + +Coming one night to Abbeville, the Governor sent his Lieutenant to me, +to let me know my husband was well the week before, that he had seen +him at Paris, and had promised him to take care of me in my going +through his government, there being much robbery daily committing; +that he would advise me take care of the garrison soldiers, and giving +them a pistole a piece, they would convey me very safely. This, he +said, the Governor would have told me himself, but that he was in bed +with the gout; I thanked him, and accepted his proffer. The next +morning he sent me ten troopers well armed, and when I had gone about +four leagues, as we ascended a hill, says some of these, 'Madam, look +out, but fear nothing.' They rid all up to a well-mounted troop of +horse, about fifty or more, which, after some parley, wheeled about +into the woods again. When we came upon the hill, I asked how it was +possible so many men so well armed should turn, having so few to +oppose them; at which they laughed, and said, 'Madam, we are all of a +company, and quarter in this town. The truth is, our pay is short, and +we are forced to keep ourselves this way; but we have this rule, that +if we in a party guard any company, the rest never molest them, but +let them pass free.' + +I having passed all danger, as they said, gave them a pistole each +man, and so left them and went on my journey, and met my husband at +St. Dennis, God be praised! The 20th day of October, my then only son +died of the small-pox; he lies buried in the Protestant Church, near +Paris, between the Earl of Bristol and Doctor Steward. Both my eldest +daughters had the small-pox at the same time, and though I neglected +them, and day and night attended my dear son, yet it pleased God they +recovered and he died, the grief of which made me miscarry, and caused +a sickness of three weeks. + +After this, in the beginnings of November, the King came to visit his +mother, who was at her own house at Combes, two leagues from Paris, +and thither went my husband and myself. I had not seen him in almost +twelve years: he told me that if it pleased God to restore him to his +kingdoms, my husband should partake of his happiness in as great a +share as any servants he had. Then he asked me many questions of +England, and fell into discourse with my husband privately two hours, +and then commanded him to follow him to Flanders. His Majesty went the +next day, my husband that day month, which was the beginning of +December. I went with our family to Calais, and my husband sent me +privately to London for money in January. I returned him one hundred +and fifty pounds, with which he went to the King, and I followed to +Newport, Bruges, and Ghent, and to Brussels, where the King received +us very graciously, with the Princess Royal and the Dukes of York and +Gloucester. After staying three weeks at Brussels, we went to Breda, +where we heard the happy news of the King's return to England. In the +beginning of May we went with all the Court to the Hague, where I +first saw the Queen of Bohemia, who was exceeding kind to all of us. +Here the King and all the Royal Family were entertained at a very +great supper by the States; and now business of state took up much +time. + +The King promised my husband he should be one of the Secretaries of +State, and both the now Duke of Ormond, and the Lord Chancellor +Clarendon, were witnesses of it, yet that false man made the King +break his word for his own accommodation, and placed Mr. Norris, a +poor country gentleman of about two hundred pounds a year, a fierce +Presbyterian, and one that never saw the King's face: but still +promises were made of the reversion to your father. + +Upon the King's restoration, the Duke of York, then made Admiral, +appointed ships to carry over the company and servants of the King, +who were very great. His Highness appointed for my husband and his +family a third-rate frigate, called the Speedwell; but his Majesty +commanded my husband to wait on him in his own ship. We had by the +States' order sent on board to the King's most eminent servants, great +store of provisions: for our family we had sent on board the Speedwell +a tierce of claret, a hogshead of Rhenish wine, six dozen of fowls, a +dozen of gammons of bacon, a great basket of bread, and six sheep, two +dozen of neats' tongues, and a great box of sweetmeats. Thus taking +our leaves of those obliging persons we had conversed with in the +Hague, we went on board upon the 23rd of May, about two o'clock in the +afternoon. The King embarked at four of the clock, upon which we set +sail, the shore being covered with people, and shouts from all places +of a good voyage, which was seconded with many volleys of shot +interchanged: so favourable was the wind, that the ships' wherries +went from ship to ship to visit their friends all night long. But who +can sufficiently express the joy and gallantry of that voyage, to see +so many great ships, the best in the world, to hear the trumpets and +all other music, to see near a hundred brave ships sail before the +wind with vast cloths and streamers, the neatness and cleanness of the +ships, the strength and jollity of the mariners, the gallantry of the +commanders, the vast plenty of all sorts of provisions; but above all, +the glorious majesties of the King and his two brothers, were so +beyond man's expectation and expression! The sea was calm, the moon +shone at full, and the sun suffered not a cloud to hinder his prospect +of the best sight, by whose light, and the merciful bounty of God, he +was set safely on shore at Dover in Kent, upon the 25th [Footnote: +Probably a mistake for the 26th] of May, 1660. + +So great were the acclamations and numbers of people, that it reached +like one street from Dover to Whitehall: we lay that night at Dover, +and the next day we went in Sir Arnold Braem's [Footnote: Of a Dutch +family settled at Bridge, in Kent. The house at Dover, in which Lady +Fanshawe lay, was built by Jacob Braem, and is, or was in Hasted's +time, the Custom-house. The family is now extinct.] coach towards +London, where on Sunday night we came to a house in the Savoy. My +niece, Fanshawe, then lay in the Strand, where I stood to see the +King's entry with his brothers; surely the most pompous show that ever +was, for the hearts of all men in this kingdom moved at his will. + +The next day I went with other ladies of the family to congratulate +his Majesty's happy arrival, who received me with great grace, and +promised me future favours to my husband and self. His Majesty gave my +husband his picture, set with small diamonds, when he was a child: it +is a great rarity, because there never was but one. We took a house in +Portugal Row, Lincoln's-inn Fields. My husband had not long entered +upon his office, but he found an oppression from Secretary Nicholas, +to his great vexation, for he, as much as in him lay, engrossed all +the petitions, which really, by the foundation, belonged to the Master +of the Requests; and in this he was countenanced by Lord Chancellor +Clarendon, his great patron, notwithstanding he had married Sir Thomas +Aylesbury's daughter, that was one of the Masters of the Requests. + +This year I sent for my daughter Nan from my sister Boteler's, in +Kent, where I had left her; and my daughter Mary died in Hertfordshire +in August, and lies buried in Hertford church, in my father's vault. + +In the latter end of the summer I miscarried, when I was near half +gone with child, of three sons, two hours one after the other. I think +it was with the hurry of business I then was in, and perpetual company +that resorted to us of all qualities, some for kindness and some for +their own advantage. + +As that was a time of advantage, so it was of great expense, for on +April the 23rd, 1661, the King was crowned, when my husband, being in +waiting, rode upon his Majesty's left hand [Footnote: Evelyn says, +that at the coronation of Charles the Second were "Two persons, +representing the Dukes of Normandy and Aquitaine, viz., Sir Richard +Fanshawe and Sir Herbert Price, in fantastic habits."-Diary, vol. ii. +p. 168.] with very rich footcloths, and four men in very rich +liveries; and this year we furnished our house and paid all our debts +which we had contracted during the war. + +The 8th day of May following, the King rode to the Parliament, and +then my husband rode in the same manner. His Majesty had commanded my +husband to execute the place of the Chancellor of the Garter, both +because he understood it better than any, and was to have the +reversion of it. The first feast of St. George, my husband was proxy +for the Earl of Bristol, and was installed for him Knight of the +Garter. The Duke of Buckingham put on his robes, and the Duke of +Ormond his spurs, in the stall of the Earl of Bristol. + +Now it was the business of the Chancellor to put your father as far +from the King as he could, because his ignorance in state affairs was +daily discovered by your father, who showed it to the King; but at +that time the King was so content that he should almost and alone +manage his affairs, that he might have more time for his pleasure, +that his faults were not so visible as otherwise they would have been, +and afterwards proved. But now he sends to your father and tells him +that he was, by the King's particular choice, resolved on to be sent +to Lisbon with the King's letter and picture to the Princess, now our +Queen, which then, indeed, was an employment any nobleman would be +glad of; but the design from that time forth was to fix him here. + +When your father was gone on this errand, I stayed in our house in +Portugal Row, and at Christmas I received the New Year's gifts +belonging to his places, which is the custom, of two tuns of wine at +the Custom-house, for Master of Requests, and fifteen ounces of gilt +plate at the Jewel-house, as Secretary of the Latin Tongue. + +At the latter end of Christmas my husband returned from Lisbon, and +was very well received by the King; and upon the 22nd of February +following I was delivered of my daughter Elizabeth. + +Upon the 8th of June,[Footnote: Query, 8th] 1662, my husband was made +a Privy Councillor of Ireland; and some time after my Lord and Lady +Ormond went into Ireland, and upon my taking leave of her Grace, she +gave me a turquoise and diamond bracelet, and my husband a fasset +[Footnote: A diamond cut into facets; a brilliant.] diamond ring. I +never parted from her upon a journey but she ever gave me some +present. When her daughter, the Lady Mary Cavendish, was married, none +were present but his grandmother and father, and my husband and self; +they were married in my Lord Duke's lodging in Whitehall, and given by +the King, who came privately without any train. [Footnote: According +to Collins' Peerage, Mary, second daughter of James Duke of Ormond, +married William Cavendish, ninth Duke of Devonshire, at Kilkenny in +Ireland, on the 27th of October, 1662. Lady Fanshawe's statement +proves that he was mistaken.] + +As soon as the King had notice of the Queen's landing, he immediately +sent my husband that night to welcome her Majesty on shore, and +followed himself the next day; and upon the 21st of May the King +married the Queen at Portsmouth, in the presence-chamber of his +Majesty's house. + +There was a rail across the upper part of the room, in which entered +only the King and Queen, the Bishop of London, the Marquis de Sande, +the Portuguese Ambassador, and my husband: in the other part of the +room there were many of the nobility and servants to their Majesties. +The Bishop of London declared them married in the name of the Father, +and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost; and then they caused the +ribbons her Majesty wore to be cut in little pieces, and, as far as +they would go, every one had some.[Footnote: As it must be inferred +that Lady Fanshawe derived her information from her husband, who, she +says, was present, her account of the ceremony is deserving of +attention, because some doubts have been entertained as to the manner +in which it was solemnised.-See Bishop Kennett's Historical Register, +p. 693.] + +Upon the 29th of May their Majesties came to Hampton Court, where was +all that pretended to her Majesty's service, and all the King's +servants, ladies and other persons of quality, who received her +Majesty in several rooms, according to their several qualifications. + +The next morning, about eleven o'clock, the Duchess of Ormond and her +daughter, the now Lady Cavendish, and myself, went to wait on her +Majesty as soon as her Majesty was dressed; where I had the honour +from the King, who was then present, to tell the Queen who I was, +saying many kind things of me to ingratiate me with her Majesty, +whereupon her Majesty gave her hand to me to kiss, with promises of +her future favour. After this we remained in Hampton Court, in the +Requests' lodgings, my husband being then in waiting until the 10th +day of August, upon which day he received his despatches for +Ambassador to Portugal. + +His Majesty was graciously pleased to promise my husband his picture, +which afterwards we received, set with diamonds, to the value of three +or four hundred pounds, his Majesty having been pleased to give my +husband, at his first going to Portugal, his picture at length, in his +garter-robes: my husband had also by his Majesty's order, out of the +wardrobe, a crimson velvet cloth of state, fringed and laced with +gold, with a chair, a footstool, and cushions, and two other stools of +the same, with a Persian carpet to lay under them, and a suit of fine +tapestry hanging for that room, with two velvet altar-cloths for the +chapel, and fringed with gold, with surplices, altar cloths, and +napkins, of fine linen, with a Bible, in Ogleby's print and cuts, two +Common Prayer-books, in folio and quarto, with eight hundred ounces of +gilt plate, and four thousand ounces of white plate; but there wanted +a velvet bed, which he should have had by custom. + +Thus having perfected the ceremonies of taking leave of their +Majesties, and receiving their commands, and likewise taking our +leaves of our friends, as I said, upon Sunday the 10th of August we +took our journey to Portugal [Footnote: Evelyn says, "5th of August +1662, to London, and next day to Hampton Court, and took leave of Sir +R. Fanshawe, now going Ambassador to Portugal."--Diary, vol. ii. p. +195.] carrying our three daughters with us, Katherine, Margaret, and +Ann. + +This night we lay at Windsor, where, on Monday the 11th, in the +morning, we went to prayers to the King's Chapel with Doctor Heavers, +my husband's Chaplain. On our return we were visited by the Provost of +Eton, and divers others of the clergy of that place, and Sir Thomas +Woodcock, the chief commander of that place, in the absence of Lord +Mordaunt, Lord Constable of Windsor Castle. + +Upon the desire of some there, my husband left some of his coats-of- +arms, which he carried with him for that purpose, as the custom of +ambassadors is, to dispose of where they lodge.[Footnote: This custom +is still retained in the instances of the Lords Lieutenant of +Ireland.] + +That night we lay at Bagshot; Tuesday the 12th, we dined at +Basingstoke, and lay at Andover; Wednesday the 13th, we dined at +Salisbury, and there lay that night, and borrowed in the afternoon the +Dean of Westminster's coach, being willing to ease all our own horses +for half a day, having a long journey to go. + +We went in the Dean's coach to see Wilton, being but two miles from +Salisbury. We found Lord Herbert at home; he entertained us with great +civility and kindness, and gave my husband a very fine greyhound +bitch: his father, the Earl of Pembroke, being then at London. We +visited the famous church, and at our return to our lodgings, were +visited by the Right Reverend Father in God, Doctor Henchman, the +Bishop of that place, and Doctor Holles, the Dean of that place, and +Doctor Earle, Dean of Westminster, since, by the former Bishop's +remove to the See of London, now Bishop of Salisbury. + +On Thursday the 14th, my husband and I, with our children, having +begged of the Bishop his blessing at his own house, dined at +Blandford, in Dorsetshire. Sir William Portman hath a very fine seat +within a mile of it. We lodged that night at Dorchester: on Friday the +15th we lay at Axminster, and Saturday the 16th at Exeter, and went to +prayers at the Cathedral church, accompanied by the principal divines +of that place. On Sunday the 17th, we stayed all that day, and on +Monday the 18th, we lay at a very ill lodging, of which I have +forgotten the name; and on Tuesday the 19th, we went to Plymouth, +where, within six miles of the town, we were met by some of the chief +merchants of that place, and of the chief officers of that garrison, +who all accompanied us to the house of one Mr. Tyler, a merchant. + +Upon our arrival, the Governor of that garrison, one Sir John Skelton, +visited us, and did us the favour to keep us company, with many of his +officers, during our stay in that town. Sir John Hele, as soon as he +heard of our being there, sent my husband a fat buck; and my cousin +Edgcombe, of Mount Edgcombe, a mile from Plymouth, sent him another +buck, and came, as soon as he heard we were there, from a house of his +twelve miles from Mount Edgcombe, to which he came only to keep us +company. From whence, the next day after his arrival, he with his +Lady, and Sir Richard Edgcombe, his eldest son, and others of his +children, came to visit us at Plymouth; and the day after we dined at +Mount Edgcombe, where we were very nobly treated. At our coming home, +they would need accompany us over the river to our lodgings. The next +day the Mayor and Aldermen came to visit my husband; and the next day +we had a great feast at Mr. Seale's house, the father of our landlord. +Our being so well lodged and treated by the inhabitants of this town +was upon my father's score, whose deputies some of them were, he being +one of the Farmers of the Custom-house to receive the King's customs +of that port. + +On Sunday the 30th, the wind coming fair, we embarked, accompanied by +my cousin Edgcombe and all his family, and with much company of the +town, that would show their kindness until the last. Taking our leave +of our landlord and landlady, we gave her twenty pieces of gold to buy +her a ring, and they presented my children with many pretty toys. +Thus, on Monday, at nine o'clock in the morning we were received on +board the Ruby frigate, commanded by Captain Robinson. We had very +many presents sent us on board by divers gentlemen, among which my +cousin Edgcombe sent us a brace of fat bucks, three milk goats, wine, +ale and beer, with fruit of several sorts, biscuit and sweetmeats. + +On Monday the 31st of August 1662, we set sail for Lisbon, and landed +the 14th of September, our style, between the Conde de St. Laurence's +house and Belem, God be praised! all in good health. As soon as we had +anchored, the English Consul, with the merchants, came on board us; +but we went presently to a house of the Duke of Aveiros, where my +husband was placed by his Majesty when he was there before, in which +he had then left his chief Secretary and one other, with some others +of his family. The first that visited incognito there, for he was not +to own any till he had made his entry, was the King of Portugal's +Secretary, Antonio de Sousa: there came about that time also the Earl +of Inchiquin, and Count Schomberg, to visit us. The 28/18th day, my +husband went privately on board the frigate, in which he came with all +his family; to whom the King sent a nobleman to receive him on shore, +with his own and Queen-mother's, and very many coaches of the +nobility. As soon as they met, there passed great salutations of +cannons from the ships to the frigate in which my husband came, and +from our ships to the King's forts, and from all the forts innumerable +shots returned again. + +So soon as my husband landed, he entered the King's coach, and the +nobleman that fetched him, whose name I have forgot. Before him went +the English Consul, with all the merchants; on his right hand went +four pages; on the left side the coach, by the horses' heads, eight +footmen all clothed in rich livery; in the coach that followed went my +husband's own gentlemen, after the coach of state empty, and those +that did him the favour to accompany him: thus they went to the house +where my husband lodged. The King entertained him with great plenty of +provisions in all kinds, three suppers and three dinners, and all +manner of utensils belonging thereunto, as the custom of that country +is. + +Their Majesties did for some time furnish the house, till my husband +could otherwise provide himself in town. The Abadessa of the +Alcantara, niece to the Queen-mother, natural daughter of the Duke of +Medina Sidonia, sent to welcome me into the country a very noble +present of perfumes, waters, and sweetmeats; and during my abode at +Lisbon we often made visits and interchanged messages, to my great +content, for she was a very fine lady. On the 19/29th, one Mr. +Bridgewood, a merchant, sent me a silver basin and ewers for a +present. + +On the 10th of October, stilo novo, my husband had his audience of his +Majesty in his palace, at Lisbon; going in the King's coach with the +same nobleman and in the same form as he made his entry. The King +received him with great kindness and respect, much to his +satisfaction. On the 11th, Don Joam de Sousa, the Queen's Vidor, came +from her Majesty to us both to welcome us into the country. On the +13th, her Majesty sent her chief coach, accompanied by other coaches, +to fetch my husband to the audience of her Majesty, where she received +him very graciously; and the same day he had audience of Don Pedro, +the King's brother, at his own palace. Saturday, the 14th, her Majesty +sent her best coach for me and my children. When we came there, the +Captain of the Guard received me at the foot of the stairs; all my +people going before me, as the custom is. On each side were the guards +placed, with halberds in their hands, as far as the presence-chamber +door. There I was received by the Queen's Lord Chamberlain, who +carried me to the door of the next room, where the Queen was. Then the +Queen's principal lady, as our groom of the stole, received me, +telling me she had command from the Queen to bid me welcome to that +Court, from the ships to the frigate in which my husband came, and +from our ships to the King's forts, and from all the forts innumerable +shots returned again. + +So soon as my husband landed, he entered the King's coach, and the +nobleman that fetched him, whose name I have forgot. Before him went +the English Consul, with all the merchants; on his right hand went +four pages; on the left side the coach, by the horses' heads, eight +footmen all clothed in rich livery; in the coach that followed went my +husband's own gentlemen, after the coach of state empty, and those +that did him the favour to accompany him: thus they went to the house +where my husband lodged. The King entertained him with great plenty of +provisions in all kinds, three suppers and three dinners, and all +manner of utensils belonging thereunto, as the custom of that country +is. + +Their Majesties did for some time furnish the house, till my 'husband +could otherwise provide himself in town. The Abadessa of the +Alcantara, niece to the Queen-mother, natural daughter of the Duke of +Medina Sidonia, sent to welcome me into the country a very noble +present of perfumes, waters, and sweetmeats; and during my abode at +Lisbon we often made visits and interchanged messages, to my great +content, for she was a very fine lady. On the 19/29th, one Mr. +Bridgewood, a merchant, sent me a silver basin and ewers for a +present. + +On the 10th of October, stilo novo, my husband had his audience of his +Majesty in his palace, at Lisbon; going in the King's coach with the +same nobleman and in the same form as he made his entry. The King +received him with great kindness and respect, much to his +satisfaction. On the nth, Don Joam de Sousa, the Queen's Vidor, came +from her Majesty to us both to welcome us into the country. On the +13th, her Majesty sent her chief coach, accompanied by other coaches, +to fetch my husband to the audience of her Majesty, where she received +him very graciously; and the same day he had audience of Don Pedro, +the King's brother, at his own palace. Saturday, the 14th, her Majesty +sent her best coach for me and my children. When we came there, the +Captain of the Guard received me at the foot of the stairs; all my +people going before me, as the custom is. On each side were the guards +placed, with halberds in their hands, as far as the presence-chamber +door. There I was received by the Queen's Lord Chamberlain, who +carried me to the door of the next room, where the Queen was. Then the +Queen's principal lady, as our groom of the stole, received me, +telling me she had command from the Queen to bid me welcome to that +Court, and to accompany me to her Majesty's presence. She sat in the +next room, which was very large, in a black velvet chair, with arms, +upon a black velvet carpet, with a state of the same. She had caused a +low chair, without arms, to be set at some distance from her, about +two yards on her left hand, on which side stood all the noblemen; on +her right, all the ladies of the Court. + +After making my reverences due to her Majesty, according to custom, +and said those respects which became me to her Majesty, she sat down; +and when I presented my daughters to her, she having expressed much +grace and favour to me and mine, bade me sit down, which at first I +refused, desiring to wait on her Majesty, as my Queen's mother; but +she pressing me again, I sat down; and then she made her discourse of +England, and asked questions of the Queen's health and liking of our +country, with some little hints of her own and her family's condition, +which having continued better than half an hour, I took my leave. +During my stay at Court I several times waited on the Queen-Mother; +truly she was a very honourable, wise woman, and I believe had been +very handsome. She was magnificent in her discourse and nature, but in +the prudentest manner; she was ambitious, but not vain; she loved +government, and I do believe the quitting of it did shorten her life. + +After saluting the ladies and noblemen of the Court, I went home as I +came. The next day the Secretary of State and his Lady came to visit +me: she had, at my arrival, sent me a present of sweetmeats. My +husband had left in this person's family one of his pages to improve +himself in writing and reading the Spanish tongue, until his return +again to that Court, when he went the last year to England, in +consideration of which we presented his Lady with a piece of India +plate, of about two hundred pounds sterling. They were both very +civil, worthy persons, and had formerly been in England, where the +King, Charles the First, had made his son an English Baron.[Footnote: +No record is known to exist of any foreigner having been created a +Peer by Charles the First: nor does it appear likely from the names of +persons created Baronets by Charles the First, that Lady Fanshawe +could mean Baronet. The splendid and elaborate work entitled the +"Memorias Genealogicas da Casa de Sousa," does not advert to the +circumstance.] She told me in discourse one day this of a French +Ambassador, that had lately been in that Court, and lodged next to +her:-- + +There was a numerous sort of people about the Ambassador's door, as is +usual amongst them. A poor little boy, that his mother had animated +daily to cry for relief so troublesomely, that at last the Ambassador +would say, 'What noise is that at the gate of perpetual screaming? I +will have it so no more:' upon which they carried the child to his +mother, and bade her keep him at home, for it screamed like a devil, +and if it returned, the porter swore he would punish him severely. Not +many days after, according to his former custom, the child returned, +louder than before, if possible; the porter keeping his word, took the +boy and pulled off his rags, and anointed him all over with honey, +leaving no part undone, and very thick, and then threw him into a tub +of fine feathers, which as soon as he had done, he set him on his legs +and frightened him home to his mother, who seeing this thing, for none +living could guess him a boy, ran out into the city, the child +squeaking after her, and all the people in the streets after them, +thinking it was a devil or some strange creature. + +But to return to the business: we were visited by many persons of the +Court, some upon business, and others upon compliment, which is more +formal than pleasant, for they are not generally a cheerful people. +About February the King intended to go into the field and lead his +army himself: during this resolution my husband prepared himself to +wait on his Majesty, which cost him much, these kind of expenses in +that place being scarce and very dear; but the Council would not +suffer him to go, and so that ended. The King loved hunting much, and +ever when he went would send my husband some of what he killed, which +was stag and wild boar, both excellent meat. We kept the Queen's +birthday with great feasting: we had all the English merchants. + +There was, during my stay in this town, a Portugal merchant jealous of +his mistress favouring an Englishman, whom he entertained with much +kindness, hiding his suspicion. One evening he invited him to see a +country-house and eat a collation, which he did; after which the +merchant, with three or four more of his friends, for a rarity showed +him a cave hard by the house, which went in at a very narrow hole, but +within was very capacious, in the side of a high mountain. It was so +dark that they carried a torch. Says one to the Englishman, 'Did you +ever know where bats dwell?' he replied no; 'Then here, Sir,' say +they, 'you shall see them;' then, holding up the light to the roof, +they saw millions hanging by their legs. So soon as they had done, +they, frightening the birds, made them all fly about them, and putting +out the light ran away, and left the Englishman there to get out as +well as he could, which was not until the next morning. + +This winter I fell sick of an aguish distemper, being then with child; +but I believe it was with eating more grapes than I am accustomed to, +being tempted by their goodness, especially the Frontiniac, which +exceed all I ever eat in Spain and France. + +The beginning of May 1663, there happened in Lisbon an insurrection of +the people of the town, about a suspicion, as they pretended, of some +persons disaffected to the public; upon which they plundered the +Archbishop's house, and the Marquis of Marialva's house, and broke +into the treasury; but after about ten thousand of these ordinary +people had run for six or seven hours about the town, crying 'Kill all +that is for the Castile,' they were appeased by their Priests, who +carried the Sacrament amongst them, threatening excommunication, +which, with the night, made them depart with their plunder. Some few +persons were lost, but not many. + +Upon the 10th of June came news to this Court of the total rout of Don +John of Austria at the battle of Evora;[Footnote: Pepys, speaking of +this battle, in which the Portuguese completely defeated the +Spaniards, says--"4th July, 1663. Sir Allen Apsley showed the Duke the +Lisbon Gazette, in Spanish, where the late victory is set down +particularly, and to the great honour of the English beyond measure. +They have since taken back Evora, which was lost to the Spaniards, the +English making the assault, and lost not more than three men."-Diary, +vol. ii-p. 68.] after which our house and tables were full of +distressed, honest, brave English soldiers, who by their own and their +fellows' valour had got one of the greatest victories that ever was. + +These poor but brave men were almost lost between the Portuguese +poverty and the Lord Chancellor Hyde's neglect, not to give it a worse +name.[Footnote: It appears however, from Sir Robert Southwell's +Account of Portugal (p.138), that Charles II was so pleased with the +gallantry of his troops at the battle of Evora, (or, as it is more +commonly called by historians, of Ameixal,) that he caused a gratuity +of 40,000 crowns to be distributed among them. It would seem that the +"neglect" of which Lady Fanshawe complains, was entirely on the side +of the Portuguese. Sir Robert Southwell mentions some curious +anecdotes on this subject, particularly with reference to the +statement in the Lisbon Gazette, alluded to in the preceding note.] +While my husband stayed there, he did what he could, but not +proportionably either to their merits or wants. + +About this time my husband sent great assistance to the Governor of +Tangiers, the Earl of Peterborough then being Governor, whose letters +of supplication and thanks for kindness and care, my husband and I +have yet to show. + +June the 26th, I was delivered of a son ten weeks before my time: he +lived some hours, and was christened Richard by our Chaplain, Mr. +Marsden, who performed the ceremony of the Church of England at his +burial, and then laid him in the Parish Church in which we lived, in +the principal part of the chancel. + +The Queen sent to condole with me for the loss of my son, and the +Marquees de Castel Melhor, the Marquees de Nica, the Condessa de Villa +Franca, (Donna Maria e Antonia,) with many other ladies, and several +good gentlewomen that were English merchants' wives. + +Several times we saw the Feasts of Bulls, and at them had great +voiders of dried sweetmeats brought us upon the King's account, with +rich drinks. + +Once we had some dispute about some English Commanders that thought +themselves not well enough placed at the show, according to their +merit, by the King's officers, which did so ill represent it to my +husband that he was extremely concerned at it. Upon notice being given +to the Chief Minister, the Conde de Castel Melhor came from the King +to my husband, after having examined the business, and desired that +there might be no misunderstanding between the King and him, that the +business was only the impertinence of a servant, and that it might so +pass. My husband was well satisfied, and presented his most humble +acknowledgments to the King for his care and favour to him, as well as +the honour he had received. The Conde de Castel Melhor, when he had +finished his visit to my husband, came to my apartment, and told me he +hoped I took no offence at what had passed at the feast, because the +King had heard I was sad to see my husband troubled; assuring me that +his Majesty and the whole Court desired nothing more than that we +should receive all content imaginable. I gave him many thanks for the +honour of his visit, and desired him to present my humble service to +the King, assuring him, that my husband and I had all the respect +imaginable for his Majesty; true it was, according to the English +fashion, I did make a little whine when I saw my husband disordered, +but I should ever remain his Majesty's humble servant, with my most +humble thanks to his Excellency. And so he returned well satisfied. + +The 14th, the Chief Ministers met my husband in order to his return +home for England, and expressed a great trouble to part from him; they +from the King presented my husband with twelve thousand crowns in gold +plate, with many compliments and favours from the King, whom my +husband waited on the next day to receive his Majesty's commands for +his Master in England. After giving his Majesty many thanks for the +many honours he had received from his Majesty's kind acceptance of his +service, he thanked his Majesty for his present, saying that he wished +his Majesty's bounteous kindness to him might not prejudice his +Majesty, in this example, by the next coming ambassador; to which his +Majesty replied, 'I am sure it cannot, for I shall never have such +another ambassador.' Then my husband took his leave, performing all +those ceremonies with the same persons and coaches as he made at his +entry. + +Upon the 19th of August my husband and I took our leaves of the Queen- +Mother, at her house, who had commanded all her ladies to give +attendance, though her Majesty was then in a retired condition. + +Her Majesty expressed much resentment at our leaving the Court; and +after our respects paid to her Majesty, and I receiving her Majesty's +commands to our Queen, with a present, I took my leave with the same +ceremony of coaches and persons as I had waited on her Majesty twice +before. + +Upon the 20th, my husband took his leave of Don Pedro, his Majesty's +brother. The 21st of August, the Secretary of State came to visit me +from the King and Queen, wishing me a prosperous voyage, and presented +me with a very noble present. The same day I took my leave of my good +neighbour the Condessa de Palma, as I had done of all the ladies of my +acquaintance before, who all presented me with fine presents, as did +my good neighbour the Countess Santa Graca, who had with her, when I +went to take my leave, many persons of quality, that came on purpose +there to take their leaves of me, and from whom I received great +civility, and the Countess gave me a very great banquet. + +On the 23rd of August 1663, we, accompanied by many persons of all +sorts, went on board the King of England's frigate, called the +Reserve, commanded by Captain Holmes, where, as soon as I was on +board, the Conde de Castel Melhor sent me a very great and noble +present, a part of which was the finest case of waters that ever I +saw, being made of Brazil wood, garnished with silver, the bottles of +crystal, garnished with the same, and filled with rich amber-water. + +Lisbon with the river is the goodliest situation that ever I saw; the +city old and decayed; but they are making new walls of stone, which +will contain six times their city. Their churches and chapels are the +best built, the finest adorned, and the cleanliest kept, of any +churches in the world. The people delight much in quintas, which are a +sort of country houses, of which there are abundance within a few +leagues of the city, and those that belong to the nobility are very +fine, both houses and gardens. The nation is generally very civil and +obliging. In religion divided, between Papists and Jews. The people +generally not handsome. They have many religious houses, and +bishopricks of great revenue; and the religious of both sexes are for +the most part very strict. + +Their fruits of all kinds are extraordinary good and fair; their wine +rough for the most part, but very wholesome; their corn dark and +gritty; water bad, except some few springs far from the city. Their +flesh of all kinds indifferent; their mules and asses extraordinary +good and large, but their horses few and naught. They have little wood +and less grass. + +At my coming away I visited several nunneries, in one whereof I was +told, that the last year there was a girl of fourteen years of age +burnt for a Jew. She was taken from her mother as soon as she was +born, in prison, her mother being condemned, and brought up in the +Esperanca; although she never heard, as they did to me affirm, what a +Jew was, she did daily scratch and whip the crucifixes, and run pins +into them in private; and when discovered confessed it, and said she +would never adore that God. + +On Thursday, August 25th, 1663,[Footnote: The 25th of August, 1663, +fell on a Tuesday.] we set sail for England. On the 4th of September, +our style, being Friday, we landed at Deal, all in good health, God be +praised! + +Saturday 5th, we went to Canterbury, and there tarried Sunday, where +we went to church, and very many of the gentlemen of Kent came to +welcome us into England. + +And here I cannot omit relating the ensuing story, confirmed by Sir +Thomas Barton, Sir Arnold Braeme, the Dean of Canterbury, with many +more gentlemen and persons of this town. + +There lives not far from Canterbury a gentleman, called Colonel +Colepeper,[Footnote: Lady Barbara, daughter of Robert Sydney, Earl of +Leicester, and widow of Thomas, first Viscount Strangford, married +secondly Sir Thomas Colepeper, by whom she had Colonel Colepeper, and +a daughter, Roberta Anna, who married Major Thomas Porter, and died +issueless, June 16th, 1661, more than two years before Lady Fanshawe +was told this story, the circumstances of which she states to have +happened only three months previously. The Colonel was a most +extraordinary character, and though a man of genius and erudition, was +very nearly a madman. A voluminous collection of his MSS. is preserved +in the British Museum, whence it appears that he was in the habit of +committing his most private thoughts to paper; that there was scarcely +a subject to which his attention was not directed; and that the +Government and eminent persons were continually tormented with his +projects and discoveries, embracing among others the Longitude. His +quarrel with the Earl of Devonshire, which led to the imposition upon +that nobleman of the exorbitant fine of, L30,000, is well known. But +he was always involved in disputes and law-suits, and not unfrequently +he was a prisoner for debt. He filed affidavits in Chancery, denying +his sister's marriage, with the view of justifying his refusal to pay +her portion to her husband; but the only thing which in any way bears +on the anecdote of the vault, is the fact that one of the Colonel's +conceits was a plan for embalming dead bodies. The horrible suspicion +alluded to by Lady Fanshawe is unsupported by any other statement, and +it may be hoped that she was as misinformed on the subject as she was +about the time of Mrs. Porter's decease. Part of Colonel Colepeper's +papers relate to the particulars of a secret marriage, which he says, +in a petition to the Court of Chancery, had taken place between him +and the daughter and heiress of Alexander Davies, of Ebury, the widow +of Sir Thomas Grosvenor; the unusual engagement into which they +entered on the wedding-night; the pretended capture of the lady by the +Algerines; his correspondence with the French Government to procure +her release; the various attempts to violate her person by one +Fordwich; her refusal after her return to England to acknowledge the +Colonel as her husband, and his efforts to effect that recognition. +His wife's letters to him during his imprisonment, which are preserved +in the Harleian MS. 7005, and the account of her efforts to procure +his release, exhibit proofs of the most touching and devoted +affection, and cannot be read without the highest esteem for her +character. She was one of the co-heiresses of the last Lord +Frecheville.] whose mother was widow unto the Lord Strangford: this +gentleman had a sister, who lived with him, as the world said, in too +much love. She married Mr. Porter. This brother and sister being both +atheists, and living a life according to their profession, went in a +frolic into a vault of their ancestors, where, before they returned, +they pulled some of their father's and mother's hairs. Within a very +few days after, Mrs. Porter fell sick and died. Her brother kept her +body in a coffin set up in his buttery, saying it would not be long +before he died, and then they would be both buried together; but from +the night after her death, until the time that we were told the story, +which was three months, they say that a head, as cold as death, with +curled hair like his sister's, did ever lie by him wherever he slept, +notwithstanding he removed to several places and countries to avoid +it; and several persons told us they had felt this apparition. + +On Monday, the 7th of September, we went to Gravesend, and from thence +by water to Dorset House, in Salisbury Court, where we stayed fifteen +days. The 8th of September, 1663, within two hours after our arrival, +we were visited by very many kindred and friends, amongst whom his +Grace of Canterbury, who came the next day and dined with us. The same +day came the Bishop of Winchester, as did many others of the greatest +clergy in England. + +Upon the 10th of September, my husband went to Bath, to wait upon his +Majesty, who was then there: his Majesty graciously received him, and +for a confirmation that he approved his service in his negotiation in +Portugal, he was pleased to make him a Privy Counsellor. He was also +very graciously received by her Majesty the Queen. Being indisposed +with a long journey, my husband fell sick, but it continued but two +days, thanks be to God! + +On the 17th he went by Cornbury, where the Lord Chancellor then was, +and so to London, and, in his absence, I, on the 16th, took a house in +Boswell Court, near Temple Bar, for two years, immediately moving all +my goods thereto, as well those, which were many, that I had left with +my sister Turner in her house in my absence, as those that I brought +with me out of Portugal, which were seventeen cart-loads. + +Upon Saturday, the 19th, my husband returned from his Majesty, and met +me at our new house in Boswell Court. + +On Monday, the 21st, being at a great feast at my sister Turner's, +where there met us very many of our friends upon the same invitation, +whereof Sir John Cutler was one, who after dinner brought me a box, +saying, "Madam, this was to go to Portugal, but that I heard your +Ladyship was landed." In it there was a piece of cloth of tissue for +me, and ribbons and gloves for my children. Whilst we were at dinner, +there came an express from Court, with a warrant to swear my husband a +Privy Counsellor, from Sir Henry Bennet. The 22nd we went down to +Hertfordshire, to my brother Fanshawe's; 24th we dined at Sir John +Wats', where we were nobly feasted with great kindness, and to add to +my content, I there met with my little girl Betty, whom I had left at +nurse within two miles of that place, at my going to Portugal. After +being entertained at Sir Francis Boteler's, our very good friend, we +went to St. Albans to bed, where, the next day, we bought some coach- +horses, and on the 26th we returned to London. + +On Tuesday, the 29th, we went again to St. Albans, where my husband +bought eight more coach-horses; the same night we returned to London. + +On the 1st of October, my husband was sworn a Privy Counsellor, in the +presence of his Majesty, his Royal Highness, and the greatest part of +his Majesty's honourable Privy Council. On the 3rd, my husband waited +on her Majesty the Queen-Mother, who received him with great kindness: +the 4th I waited on her Majesty at Whitehall, and there delivered the +presents which the Queen-Mother of Portugal had sent her Majesty, who +received both them and me in her bed-chamber, with great expressions +of kindness. I stayed with her Majesty about an hour and a half, which +she spent in asking questions of her mother, brothers, and country; +after which I waited on her Majesty in the drawing-room, whereinto the +King entered presently after, and I seeing the King, retired to the +side of the room, where his Majesty came to me presently, saluting me, +and bade me welcome home, with great grace and kindness, asking me +many questions of Lisbon and the country. + +On Sunday the 4th of October, my husband took his place as Privy +Counsellor in the Lords' seat; likewise this day his Grace of +Canterbury took his seat, and the Bishop of Winchester, both in the +same place: his Grace of Canterbury did his homage to the King. The +same day that my husband was sworn a Privy Counsellor, I waited on the +Queen-Mother at Somerset House, and the Duke and Duchess of York at +St. James's, who all received me with great cheerfulness and grace. On +the 7th, the Lord Mayor invited all the Lords of the Privy Council to +dinner, among whom was my husband. + +The 1st of January 1664, New Year's day, my husband, as Privy +Counsellor, presented his Majesty with ten pieces of gold in a purse; +and the person that carries it hath a ticket given him of the receipt +thereof, from the cupboard of Privy Chamber, where it is delivered to +the Master of the Jewel-house, who is thereupon to give him twenty +shillings for his pains, out of which he is to give to the servant of +the Master of the Jewel-house eighteen-pence. + +We received, as the custom is, fifteen ounces of gilt plate for a +Privy Counsellor, and fifteen ounces for Secretary of the Latin +Tongue; likewise we had the impost of four tuns of wine, two for a +Privy Counsellor, and two for a Master of Requests. + +January 15th, I took my leave of the King and Queen, who, with great +kindness, wished me a good voyage to Spain. Then I waited on the +Queen-Mother at Somerset House: her Majesty sent for me into her bed- +chamber, and after some discourse I took my leave of her Majesty. +Afterwards I waited on their Royal Highnesses, who received me with +more than ordinary kindness, and after an hour and a half's discourse +with me, saluted me and gave me leave to depart. + +On Tuesday, January 19th, my husband carried the Speaker, Sir Edward +Turner's eldest son, and my brother Turner, to the King, at Whitehall, +who conferred the honour of knighthood on them both, my husband +particularly recommending my brother Turner to his Majesty's grace and +honour. + +On the 2Oth of January my husband took his leave of his Majesty and +all the Royal Family, receiving their dispatches and their commands +for Spain, from which hour to our going out of town, day and night, +our house was full of kindred and friends taking leave of us; and on +Tuesday the 21st, 1664, in the morning, at eight o'clock, did +rendezvous at Dorset House, in Salisbury Court, in that half of the +house which Sir Thomas Fanshawe then lived in, who entertained us with +a very good breakfast and banquet. The company that came thither was +very great, as was likewise that which accompanied us out of town. +Thus, with many coaches of our family and friends, we took our journey +at ten of the clock towards Portsmouth. + +The company of our family was my husband, myself, and four daughters; +Mr. Bertie, son to the Earl of Lindsey, Lord Great Chamberlain of +England; Mr. Newport, second son to the Lord Baron Newport; Sir +Benjamin Wright, Baronet; Sir Andrew King; Sir Edward Turner, Knight, +son to the Speaker of the Commons' House of Parliament; and Mr. +Francis Godolphin, son to Sir Francis Godolphin, Knight of the Bath. +The most part of them went by water. + +We lay the first night at Guildford, the second at Petersfield, the +third at Portsmouth, where we stayed till the 31st of the same month, +being very civilly used there by the Mayor and his brethren, who made +my husband a freeman of the town, as their custom is to persons of +quality that pass that way; and likewise we received many favours from +the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir Philip Honywood, with the rest of the +commanders of that garrison. As I said before, we went on board the +31st, being Sunday, the Admiral of the Fleet then setting out, Sir +John Lawson, Chief Commander, in his Majesty's ship called the +Resolution; there was Captain Berkeley, Commander of the Bristol +frigate, Captain Utber, Commander of the Phoenix, Captain Ferne, +Commander of the Portsmouth, Captain Moon, Commander of the York, and +Sir John Lawson's ketch, commanded by Captain King. + +Thus, at ten o'clock, we set sail with a good wind, which carried us +as far as Torbay, and then failed us; there we lay till Monday the +15th of February, at nine o'clock at night, at which, it pleasing God +to give us a prosperous wind, we set sail, and on the 23rd of +February, our style, we cast anchor in Cadiz road, in Spain. + +So soon as it was known that we were there, the English Consul with +the English merchants all came on board to welcome us to Spain; and +presently after came the Lieutenant-Governor from the Governor for the +time being, Don Diego de Ibara, to give us joy of our arrival, and to +ask leave of my husband to visit him, which Don Diego did within two +hours after the Lieutenant's return. The next morning, stilo novo, +came in a Levant wind, which blew the fleet so forcibly, that we could +not possibly land until Monday, the 7th of March, at 10 o'clock in the +morning. Then came the Governor, Don Diego de Ibara, aboard, +accompanied by most of the persons of quality of that town, with many +boats for the conveyance of our family, and a very rich barge, covered +with crimson damask fringed with gold, and Persia carpets under foot. +So soon as it was day, we set sail to go nearer the shore. We were +first saluted by all the ships in the road, and then by all the King +of Spain's forts, which salutation we returned again with our guns. + +My husband received the Governor upon deck, and carried him into the +round-house, who, as soon as he was there, told my husband, that +contrary to the usage of the King of Spain, his Majesty had commanded +that his ships and forts should first salute the King of England's +Ambassador, and that his Majesty had commanded that both in that place +of Cadiz and in all others to the Court of Madrid, my husband and all +his retinue should be entertained upon the King's account, in as full +and ample manner, both as to persons and conveyance of our goods and +persons, as if his Majesty were there in person. My husband and self +and children went in the barge, the rest in other barges provided for +that purpose. + +At our setting off, Sir John Lawson saluted us with very many guns, +and as we went near the shore the cannon saluted us in great numbers. +When we landed we were carried on shore in a rich chair supported by +eight men: we were welcomed by many volleys of shot, and all the +persons of quality of that town by the sea-side, among whom was the +Governor, did conduct my husband with all his train. There were +infinite numbers of people, who with the soldiery did show us all the +respect and welcome imaginable. I was received by his Excellency Don +Melchor de la Cueva, the Duke of Albuquerque's brother, and the +Governor of the garrison, who both led me four or five paces to a rich +sedan, which carried me to the coach where the Governor's lady was, +who came out immediately to salute me, and whom, after some +compliments, I took into the coach with me and my children. + +When we came to the house where we were to lodge, we were nobly +treated, and the Governor's wife did me the honour to sup with me. +That afternoon the Duke of Albuquerque came to visit my husband, and +afterwards me, with his brother Don Melchor de la Cueva. As soon as +the Duke was seated and covered, he said, 'Madam, I am Don Juan de la +Cueva, Duke of Albuquerque, Viceroy of Milan, of his Majesty's privy +council, General of the galleys, twice Grandee, the first Gentleman of +his Majesty's bed-chamber, and a near kinsman to his Catholic Majesty, +whom God long preserve!' and then rising up and making me a low +reverence with his hat off, said, 'These, with my family and life, I +lay at your Excellency's feet.' + +They were accompanied by a very great train of gentlemen. At his going +away, he told me his Lady would suddenly visit me. We had a guard +constantly waited on us, and sentries at the gate below and at the +stairs' head above. We were visited by all the persons of quality in +that town. Our house was richly furnished, both my husband's quarter +and mine; the worst chamber and bed in my apartment being furnished +with damask, in which my chambermaid lay; and throughout all the +chambers the floors were covered with Persia carpets. The richness of +the gilt and silver plate, which we had in great abundance, as we had +likewise of all sorts of very fine household linen, was fit only for +the entertainment of so great a Prince as his Majesty, our Master, in +the representation of whose person my husband received this great +entertainment; yet, I assure you, notwithstanding this temptation, +that your father and myself both wished ourselves in a retired country +life in England, as more agreeable to both our inclinations. + +I must not forget here the ceremony the Governor used to my husband. +After supper, the Governor brought the keys of the town to my husband, +saying, 'Whilst your Excellency is here, I am no Governor of this +town, and therefore desire your Excellency, from me your servant, to +receive these keys, and to begin and give the word to the garrison.' +This night my husband, with all the demonstrations of his sense of so +great an honour, returned his Catholic Majesty, by him, his humble +thanks, refusing the keys, and wishing the Governor much prosperity +with them, who so well deserved that honour the King had given him. +Then the Governor pressed my husband again for the word, which my +husband gave, and was this: 'Long live his Catholic Majesty!' Then the +Governor took his leave, and his Lady of me, whom I accompanied to the +stairs' head. + +The next day we were visited by the Mayor and all the Burgesses of the +town. On the same day, Saturday the 8th, the Governor's Lady sent me a +very noble present of India plate and other commodities thereof. In +the afternoon the Duchess of Albuquerque sent a gentleman to me, to +know if with conveniency her Excellency might visit me the next day, +as the custom of the Court is. + +On Sunday the 9th, her Excellency with her daughter, who was newly +married to her uncle Don Melchor de la Cueva, visited me. I met them +at the stairs' head, and at her Excellency's going, there parted with +her. Her Excellency had on, besides other very rich jewels, as I +guess, about two thousand pearls, the roundest, the whitest, and the +biggest that ever I saw in my life. + +On Thursday the 13th, the English Consul with all the merchants +brought us a present of two silver basins and ewers, with a hundred +weight of chocolate, with crimson taffeta clothes, laced with silver +laces, and voiders, which were made in the Indies, as were also the +basins and ewers. + +This afternoon I went to pay my visit to the Duchess of Albuquerque. +When I came to take coach, the soldiers stood to their arms, and the +Lieutenant that held the colours displaying them, which is never done +to any one but to Kings, or such as represent their persons. I stood +still all the while, then at the lowering of the colours to the +ground, they received for them a low courtesy from me, and for himself +a bow; then taking coach, with very many persons both in coaches and +on foot, I went to the Duke's palace, where I was again received by a +guard of his Excellency's, with the same ceremony of the King's +colours as before. Then I was received by the Duke's brother and near +a hundred persons of quality. I laid my hand upon the wrist of his +Excellency's right hand; he putting his cloak thereupon, as the +Spanish fashion is, went up the stairs, upon the top of which stood +the Duchess and her daughters, who received me with great civility, +putting me, into every door, and all my children, till we came to sit +down in her Excellency's chamber, where she placed me on her right +hand, upon cushions, as the fashion of this Court is, being very rich +and laid upon Persia carpets. + +At my return, the Duchess and her daughter went out before me, and at +the door of her Excellency's chamber, I met the Duke, who with his +brother and the rest of the gentlemen that did accompany our gentlemen +during our stay there, went down together before me. When I took my +leave of the Duchess, in the same place where his Excellency received +me, the Duke led me down to the coach in the same manner as his +brother led me up the stairs; and having received the ceremony of the +soldiers, I returned home to my lodgings; where after I had been an +hour, Don Antonio de Pimentel, the Governor of Cadiz, who that day was +newly come to town, after having been to visit my husband, came to +visit me with great company, on the part of his Catholic Majesty, and +afterwards upon his own score. He sent me a very rich present of +perfumes, skins, gloves, and purses embroidered, with other nacks of +the same kind. + +Sir John Lawson being now ready to depart from Cadiz, we presented him +with a pair of flagons, one hundred pounds, and a tun of Luzena wine, +which cost us forty pounds, and a hundred and forty pieces-of-eight +for his men. We sent Captain Ferne two hundred pieces-of-eight, and to +his men forty pieces-of-eight, they being very careful of our goods, +the most of which he brought. We sent Captain Berkeley a hundred +pieces-of-eight, and to his men twenty; he carried part of our horses, +as did Captain Utber, to whom we sent a like sum. + +On the 19th of March, we took our leave of Cadiz, where we gave at our +coming away, to persons that attended on us in several offices, two +hundred and eighty pieces-of-eight. We were accompanied to the water- +side in the same manner. We were received on shore with all points of +formality, and having taken our leave, with many thanks and +compliments to the Governor, and Don Diego Ibara, his lady, and all +the rest of those persons there, to whom we were as much beholden for +their civility, we entered the King's barge, which was newly trimmed +up for the purpose by the Duke of Medina Celi, at Puerto de Sta Maria. +No person ever went in it before but the King. The Governor, Don +Antonio de Pimentel, went with us in the barge, and many other barges +were provided by him for all our train. + +At our going we had many volleys of shot, afterwards many cannons, and +as we went, the guns of all the ships in the harbour. When we were +come over the bar, all the forts by St. Mary's Port saluted us; and +when we came to the shore-side, we found many thousand soldiers in +arms, in very great order, with their commanders, and a bridge made on +purpose for us, with great curiosity, so far into the river, that the +end of the bridge touched the side of the barge. At the end of the +bridge stood the Duke of Medina Celi and his son, the Duke of Alcala. +During the time of our landing, we had infinite volleys of shot, +presented with drums beating and trumpets sounding, and all the +demonstration of hearty welcome imaginable. + +The two dukes embraced my husband with great kindness, welcoming him +to the place, and the Duke of Medina Celi led me to my coach, an +honour that he had never done any but once, when he waited on your +Queen to help her on the like occasion. The Duke d'Alcala led my +eldest daughter, and the younger led my second, and the Governor of +Cadiz, Don Antonio de Pimentel, led the third. Mrs. Kestian carried +Betty in her arms. + +Thus I entered the Duchess of Alcala's coach, which conveyed me to my +lodging, the ceremony of the King's colours being performed as at +Cadiz. We passed through the streets, in which were an infinite number +of people, to a house provided for us, the best of all the place, +which was caused to be glazed by the Duke on purpose for us. At our +alighting out of the coaches, the Duke led me up into my apartment, +with an infinite number of noblemen and gentlemen, his relations; +there they took their leave of me, conducting my husband to his +quarter, with whom they stayed in visit about half an hour, and so +returned to his house. After I had been there three hours, the Duchess +of Alcala sent a gentleman to say her Excellency welcomed me to the +place, and that, as soon as I was reposed after my long voyage, she +would wait upon me: in like manner did the Marquis of Bayona and his +lady, and their son with his lady. + +I must not pass by the description of the entertainment, which was +vastly great, tables being plentifully covered every meal for above +three hundred persons. The furniture was all rich tapestry, +embroideries of gold and silver upon velvet, cloth of tissue, both +gold and silver, with rich Persia carpets on the floors: none could +exceed them. Very delicate fine linen of all sorts, both for table and +beds, never washed, but new cut out of the piece, and all things +thereunto belonging. The plate was vastly great and beautiful, nor for +ornament were they fewer than the rest of the bravery, there being +very fine cabinets, looking-glasses, tables, and chairs. + +On Thursday, at two in the afternoon, the Duchess of Alcala came to +visit me; she had lain in but three weeks of a daughter. The day +before she performed all the ceremonies and civilities, which is the +custom, of the Court to me and mine. + +On the 21st I was visited by the Marquesa of Bayona, and all that +noble family. On the 23rd I went to repay the Duchess of Alcala her +Excellency's visit, and to give her thanks for my noble entertainment; +a part thereof being provided under the care of her Excellency. + +I likewise went to pay the visit to the Marquesa de Bayona. On Monday +the 24th, [Footnote: The new style is here used.] we began our journey +from Port St. Mary to Madrid, and taking leave of all the company, we +gave one hundred pieces-of-eight to the servants of the family, and +fifty pieces-of-eight to the Duke's coachman and footmen. The Duke +accompanied me in the same manner as he did when he brought me to the +coachside when we landed; and afterwards my husband and the Duke +entering the Duke's coach, he brought us a mile out of town, as did +also the Marquis of Bayona, and his lady, with an infinite number of +persons of the best quality of that place. + +That night we went to Xerez, being met, a league before we came to the +town, by the Corregidor, accompanied by many gentlemen and coaches of +that place, with many thousands of common people, who conducted us to +a house provided for us, as the King had commanded, with plenty of all +sorts of accommodation. My husband made his entry into the town in the +Corregidor's coach, as he did in all places up to Madrid. + +At this town I was visited by my Lord Dongan's [Footnote: Sir William +Dongan, who was created Baron Dongan and Viscount Dongan of Claine, in +the county of Kildare, in the Peerage of Ireland, in 1661. He was +raised to the Earldom of Limerick, by James the Second, in 1685, and +was attainted in 1691. A letter from him to Sir Richard Fanshawe, +dated at Xeres, 1st June 1664, occurs among the Original Letters of +Sir Richard Fanshawe, printed in 1701, page 102; and in his +correspondence with Lord Arlington, in the British Museum, he thus +alluded to him:--MADRID, 3rd June, 1666, stilo loci. "Lord Dongan +intends to set forth from this Court to England upon Friday next."- +Harl. MS. 7010, f. 274. MADRID, 6th of June, 1665, stilo loci. "The +bearer hereof, my Lord Dongan, passing through this Court for England, +offered me an opportunity of congratulating your Excellency, &c."-- +Ibid. f. 276.] lady, who lives there, and whose visit I repaid the +next day before I left the town. We received letters by a gentleman, +sent express from the Duke of Medina Celi, and the Duke of Alcala, who +both wrote to my husband, and his Duchess to me, all of them +expressing great civility and kindness. By the bearer of these letters +we returned the acknowledgment of their favours in our letters, to all +their Excellencies, and presented the knight that brought them with a +chain of gold that cost thirty pounds sterling. + +At nine o'clock we left the pleasant town of Xerez, and lodged the +next night at Lebrija; and the next night at Utrera, where we saw the +ruins of a brave town, nothing remaining extraordinary, but the +fineness of the situation. We were met there by Don Lope de Mendoca, +who was sent with his troop of horse from Seville, by command of the +Asistente of that city, [Footnote: The Asistencia of Seville is a high +municipal office, peculiar to that city. Dic. de la Acad: Espan.] the +Conde de Molina. There came out to meet us also, the Corregidor of +Utrera, with an infinite number of persons of all qualities, who met +us a league from the town, as did also the English Consul of Seville, +with many English merchants, who had clothed twelve footmen in new +liveries, to show the more respect to my husband. We were lodged in a +priest's house, which was very nobly furnished for our reception, and +our treatment was answerable thereunto. + +Thursday the 27th of March, we entered Seville, being met a league +from the city by the assistant, the Conde de Molina, with many hundred +coaches, with nobility and gentry in them, and very many thousands of +the burgesses and common people of the town. My husband, after usual +compliments passed, went into the Conde's coach. I followed my husband +in my own coach, as I ever did in all places; all the pages going next +my coach on horseback, and then our coach of state, and other coaches +and litters behind, many of the gentlemen and servants riding on +horseback, and many of the gentlemen did ride before the coach. Thus +we entered that great city that had been, of Seville, though now much +decayed. We lay in the King's palace, [Footnote: The Alcazar.] which +was very royally furnished on purpose for our reception, and all our +treatment during our stay. We were lodged in a silver bedstead, quilt, +curtains, valances, and counterpane of crimson damask, embroidered +richly with flowers of gold. The tables of precious stones, and the +looking-glasses bordered with the same; the chairs the same as the +bed, and the floor covered with rich Persia carpets, and a great +brasero of silver, filled full of delicate flowers, which was +replenished every day as long as we stayed. The hangings were of +tapestry full of gold, all which furniture was never lain in but two +nights, when his Majesty was at Seville. Within my chamber was a +dressing-room, and by that, a chamber very richly furnished, in which +my children lay, and within them all my women: on the other side of +the chamber as I came in, was my dining-room, in which I did +constantly eat. I and my children eating at a table alone, all the +way, without any company, till we came to our journey's end, where we +provided for ourselves at Ballecas, within a league of Madrid. In this +palace, the chief room of my husband's quarters was a gallery, wherein +were three pair of Indian cabinets of japan, the biggest and +beautifulest that ever I did see in my life: it was furnished with +rich tapestry hangings, rich looking-glasses, tables, Persia carpets, +and cloth of tissue chairs. This palace hath many princely rooms in +it, both above and underneath the ground, with many large gardens, +terraces, walks, fish-ponds, and statues, many large courts and +fountains, all of which were as well dressed for our reception as art +or money could make them. + +During our stay in this palace, we were every day entertained with a +variety of recreations; as shows upon the river, stage plays, dancing, +men playing at legerdemain, which were constantly ushered in with very +great banquets, and so finished. + +On the 30th, the Malaga merchants of the English presented my husband +with a very fine horse, that cost them three hundred pounds. On the +1st of April, the English merchants of Seville, with their Consul, +presented us with a quantity of chocolate and as much sugar, with +twelve fine sarcenet napkins laced thereunto belonging, with a very +large silver pot to make it in, and twelve very fine cups to drink it +out of, filigree, with covers of the same, with two very large salvers +to set them upon, of silver. + +On Thursday the 3rd of April, 1664, we took our leave of the assistant +and the rest of that noble company at Seville. The Conde de Molina, +who was Asistente of Seville, presented me with a young lion; but I +desired his Excellency's pardon that I did not accept of it, saying I +was of so cowardly a nature, I durst not keep company with it. In the +same manner as they received us, so they accompanied us a league +onward on our way, whereupon my husband alighting out of the Conde's +coach, and having with me taken leave of all the company, both he and +I got upon horseback; and here we took our leave of my Lord Dongan, +who with great kindness brought us so far from Xerez. Some of the +Malaga merchants of Seville accompanied us on our journey. That night +we lay at Carmona; and on the 4th of April at Fuentes, the Onor of the +Marquis, who is now at Paris, Ambassador from the King of Spain to +that Court. On the 5th we lay at Ezija, where we received noble +entertainment from the noblemen and gentlemen of that town; where we +stayed till Thursday, the 8th of April, and after paying thanks to +those persons that had so well ordered that noble entertainment with +great civility to us, we went that night to Cordova, where, a league +before we came to the town, we were met by the Corregidor with near a +hundred coaches, and a foot company of soldiers stood on each side of +the way, giving volleys of shot, with displayed colours and trumpets, +with many thousands of people, who by fireworks and other expressions +showed much joy. Here we parted with Don Lope, a gentleman sent from +the Conde de Molina to this place to accompany us. + +We were lodged at a very brave house, and as bravely furnished: at +night we had a play acted, and during our stay there we saw many +nunneries, and the best churches, as we had likewise done at Seville +and at all the other towns through which we had passed in our journey +from the seaside. We had there the feast of the bulls, called in the +Spanish tongue juego de toros. [Footnote: Properly "corridas de toros" +i.e., bull fights.] We had likewise another sport, called juego de +canas [Footnote: A kind of tournament played with canes instead of +lances.] in which appeared very many fine gentlemen, fine horses, and +very fine trappings. We had abundance of entertainments, and yet their +civility and good manners exceeded all, as likewise the fame of that +place, which is so highly renowned in the world for noble and well- +bred gentlemen. The Corregidor presented me with twelve great cases of +amber and orange-water, reputed to be the best in the world, with +twelve barrels of olives, which have likewise the same fame. + +Upon Thursday the 15th of April we took our leave of Cordova, and all +those noble persons therein, lodging that night at Carpio, the +Marquisship of Don Lewis de Haro; and on the 16th, we lodged at +Andujar, and on the 17th at Linares; the 18th we entered the Sierra +Morena, and lodged at St. Estevan, the Onor of a Conde, who is at +present Vice-King of Peru; on the 19th, we came out of the Sierra +Morena, and lodged that night at la Torre de Juan-Abad; on the 20th we +lay at La Membrilla, and there stayed all day on Monday and Tuesday; +the 22nd at Villarta: here rises the river Guadiana, that goes under +ground seven leagues before. On the 23rd, we lay at Consuegra; here +Don John of Austria was nursed. The 24th, we lay at Mora; on the 25th, +we lay at the famous city of Toledo, two leagues from that town. The +Marquis of----, Governor of Toledo, met us, in whose coach my husband +went with him towards the town, where within half a league he was met +by four persons that represented the city, and all the city of Toledo, +with all the noblemen and gentlemen of that town. A little farther the +Marquis's lady met me, who alighting out of her coach, and I to meet +her, after some compliments passed, I entered her coach with my +children, and so passed through the streets, in which there were both +water-works and fire-works, and many thousand people of all sorts, and +companies of soldiers giving us volleys of shots. + +We alighted at the gate, the Marquis leading me up into my lodgings. +This house, next to the King's Palace at Seville, was both the largest +and the noblest furnished that I saw in all my journey; and likewise +all the streets of the city were hung with rich tapestry and other +things of silver and gold embroidery, through which we passed. We were +there entertained, during our stay, with comedies and music, and juego +de toros, and with great plenty of provisions of all sorts, that were +necessary to demonstrate a princely entertainment. I eat constantly at +a table on purpose provided for me, at which the Marquesa kept me +company, as she did likewise whenever I went to visit any remarkable +place, of which there are many in Toledo, but none comparable to the +great church, which for the greatness and beauty of it I have not seen +many better, but for the riches therein never the like. Here my +husband received another message from the Duke de Medina las Torres, +desiring him to meet him at Valdemoro the Friday following, his +Catholic Majesty being then at Aranjuez. This message was sent by a +gentleman of his own, the other that he sent to welcome us into this +country, being under-gentleman of the horse to her Majesty. + +Upon Thursday the 29th of April, we took our leave of the Marquis and +his lady, giving one hundred and eighty pieces-of-eight among his +family. The night we lay at Yllescas, and on the 30th we came to +Ballecas, where we found a house provided for us. Here the King's +entertainment ceased, and we provided for all the accommodations of +our family, the bare house only excepted. We continued at Ballecas +till the 8th of June following, during which time there happened +nothing extraordinary; the Duke often sending his secretary to my +husband about business, and the Master of the Ceremonies about our +constant endeavour to get a house, though at last we were glad to go +to a part of a house of the Conde de Irvias, [Footnote: Query] where +the Duke of St. Germain had lived before. Here we received many +messages of welcome to the Court from all the Ambassadors and all the +Grandees, and I from the Ambassadors' ladies, the Duchess de Medina +las Torres, with great numbers of the greatest persons of quality in +Madrid. The men visited my husband, but I could not suffer the ladies +to visit me, though they much desired it, because I was so straitened +in my lodgings, which in no sort were convenient to receive persons of +that quality in, not being capacious enough for our own family, for +whose accommodation we took Count Marcin's house close by this. + +On Wednesday the 18th of June, my husband had his audience of his +Catholic Majesty; who sent the Marquis de Malpica to conduct him, and +brought with him a horse of his Majesty's for my husband to ride on, +and thirty more for his gentlemen, and his Majesty's coach with the +guard that he was captain of. No Ambassador's coach accompanied my +husband but the French, who did it contrary to the King's command; who +had before, upon my husband's demanding the custom of Ambassadors +accompanying all other Ambassadors that came into this Court at their +audience, replied, that although it had been so, it should be so no +more; saying, it was a custom brought into this Court within less than +these twenty-five years, and that it caused many disputes, for which +he would no more suffer it. To this order all the Ambassadors in this +Court submitted but the French, whose Secretary told my husband, at +his coming that morning, that his Master, the Ambassador, said that +his Catholic Majesty had nothing to do to give his Master orders, nor +would he obey any of them; and so great was this work of +supererogation on the part of the French, that they waited on my +husband from the palace home, a compliment till that time never seen +before. + +About 11 o'clock set forth out of his lodgings my husband thus:--First +went all those gentlemen of the town and palace that came to accompany +him: then went twenty footmen all in new liveries of the same colour +we used to give, which is a dark green cloth with a frost upon green +lace; then went my husband's gentlemen, and next before himself his +camaradoes two and two: + +Mr. Wycherley and Mr. Lorimer, +Mr. Godolphin, Sir Edward Turner, +Sir Andrew King, Sir Benjamin Wright, +Mr. Newport and Mr. Bertie. + +Then my husband, in a very rich suit of clothes of a dark fillemorte +brocade laced with silver and gold lace, nine laces, every one as +broad as my hand, and a little silver and gold lace laid between them, +both of very curious workmanship; his suit was trimmed with scarlet +taffety ribbon; his stockings of white silk upon long scarlet silk +ones; his shoes black, with scarlet shoe-strings and garters; his +linen very fine, laced with very rich Flanders lace; a black beaver, +buttoned on the left side, with a jewel of twelve hundred pounds +value. A rich curious-wrought gold chain, made in the Indies, at which +hung the King his Master's picture, richly set with diamonds, cost 300 +pounds which his Majesty, in great grace and favour, had been pleased +to give him at his coming home from Portugal. On his fingers he wore +two rich rings; his gloves trimmed with the same ribbon as his +clothes. All his whole family were very richly clothed, according to +their several qualities. Upon my husband's left hand rode the Marquis +of Malpica, Captain of the German guard, and the Mayor-domo to his +Majesty, being that week in waiting: by him went all the German guard, +and by them my husband's eight pages, clothed all in velvet, the same +colour as our liveries; next them followed his Catholic Majesty's +coach, and my husband's coach of state with four black horses, the +finest that ever came out of England, none going in this Court +[Footnote: i.e., Within the royal residence. Out of the city it was +allowed to use six horses, as will be presently seen. ] with six but +the King himself. The coach was of rich crimson velvet, laced with a +broad silver and gold lace, fringed round with a massy silver and gold +fringe, and the falls of the boot so rich that they hung almost down +to the ground: the very fringe cost almost four hundred pounds. The +coach was very richly gilt on the outside, and very richly adorned +with brass work, with rich tassels of gold and silver hanging round +the top of the curtains round about the coach. The curtains were of +rich damask, fringed with silver and gold; the harness for six horses +was richly embossed with brass work; the reins and tassels for the +horses of crimson silk, silver and gold. This coach is said to be the +finest that ever entered Madrid with any Ambassador whatsoever. Next +to this followed the French Ambassador's coach; then my husband's +second coach, which was of green figured velvet, with green damask +curtains, handsomely gilt, adorned on the outside, with harness for +six horses, suitable to the same. The four horses were fellows to +those that drew the rich coach when we went out of town, using always +six. After this followed my husband's third coach, with four mules, +being a very good one, according to the fashion of this country. Then +followed many coaches of particular persons of this Court. + +Thus they rode through the greatest streets of Madrid, as the custom +is; and alighting within the palace, my husband was conducted up by +the Marquis, all the King's guards attending, through many rooms, in +which were infinite numbers of people, as there were in the streets to +see him pass to the palace up to a private drawing-room of his +Catholic Majesty's, where my husband was received with great grace and +favour by his Majesty. My husband, being covered, delivered his +message in English, interpreted afterwards by himself in Spanish. +After this my husband gave his Catholic Majesty thanks for his noble +entertainment from our landing to this Court, to which his Catholic +Majesty replied, 'That, as well for the great esteem he had ever had +for his person, as the greatness of his Master whom he served, he +would be always glad to be serviceable to him.' + +After my husband's obeisance to the King, and saluting all the +grandees there waiting, he was conducted to the Queen; where having +stayed in company with her Majesty, the Empress,[Footnote: Philip the +Fourth of Spain succeeded his father Philip the Third in 1621, and +married his niece, Maria Anna, daughter of his sister of the +same name by the Emperor Ferdinand. By her he had issue a son, Charles +the Second, who succeeded him in 1665, and died in 1700, and two +daughters, Maria Theresa, who married Louis XIV. of France, and +Margaret, who was the wife of the Emperor Leopold, and who is +consequently spoken of in the Memoirs as the Empress. The ceremony of +her marriage by proxy, and her departure for her husband's dominions, +are afterwards fully noticed.] and the Prince, took his leave. He +returned home in his Majesty's coach, with the Marquis of Malpica +sitting at the same end, accompanied by the same persons that went +with him, having a banquet ready for them at their return. That day in +the evening my husband visited his Excellency the Duke de Medina de +las Torres; and the next morning, all the Council of State, as the +custom of this Court is. + +Upon the 21st, all the Ambassadors at this Court, one after the other, +visited my husband, as did also the grandees and nobles; his +Excellency the Duke de Medina de las Torres beginning. On the 24th, my +husband had a private audience of his Catholic Majesty; on the 27th, I +waited on the Queen and the Empress, with my daughters and all my +train. I was received at the Buen Retiro by the guard, and afterwards, +when I came up-stairs, by the Marquesa of Isincessa,[Footnote: Qu. +Inojosa?] the Queen's Camarera Mayor, then in waiting. Through +infinite number of people I passed to the Queen's presence, where her +Majesty was seated at the upper end under a cloth of state, upon three +cushions, and on the left hand the Empress, and three more; the ladies +were all standing. After making my last reverence to the Queen, her +Majesty and the Empress rising up, and making me a little courtesy, +sat down again; then I, by my interpreter, Sir Benjamin Wright, said +those compliments that were due from me to her Majesty, to which her +Majesty made me a gracious and kind reply. Then I presented my +children, whom her Majesty received with great grace and favour; then +her Majesty speaking to me to sit, I sat down upon a cushion laid for +me, above all the ladies who sat, but below the Camarera Mayor, no +woman taking place of her Excellency but princesses. The children sat +on the other side, mingled with Court ladies that are maids of honour. +Thus having passed half an hour in discourse, I took my leave of her +Majesty and the Empress, making reverences to all the ladies in +passing. I returned home in the same manner as I came. The next day +the Camarera Mayor [Footnote: First Lady of the Queen's Household.] +sent to see how I did, in compliment from her Majesty. + +On the 9th of July my husband sent Don Pedro Rocca, Master of the +Ceremonies, a gold chain, which cost four-score pounds; and, on the +22nd of July, the merchants of Alicant sent us a piece of purple +damask, of one hundred and thirty yards, for a present. On Saturday, +the 16th of August, we came to the house of Siete Chimeneas, which his +Majesty gave us to dwell in, having been the house where the Venetian +Ambassador dwelt, and who went out for our accommodation by the King's +command. + +We settled now our family and tables in order: our own consisted of +two courses, of eight dishes each, and the steward's of four. We had +our money returned from England by Mr. Goddard, an English merchant +living in Madrid, a very honest man and an able merchant. Tuesday the +24th, we dined at the Casa del Campo, a house of his Majesty's, in the +garden of which stands a very brave statue of Philip the Second, on +horseback. October 4th, we dined at the Prado, another house of his +Majesty's, which is very fine, and hath a fine park well stored with +deer belonging to it. + +October ----, we went privately to see Aranjuez, which was most part +of it built by Philip the Second, husband to Queen Mary of England. +There are the highest trees, and grow up the evenest, that ever I saw; +many of them are bored through with pipes for water to ascend and to +fall from the top down one against another; and likewise there are +many fountains in the side of this walk, and the longest walks of elms +I ever saw in my life. The park is well stored with English oaks and +elms, and deer; and the Tagus makes it an island. The gardens are +vastly large, with the most fountains, and the best, that ever I saw +in my life. + +As soon as the Duke heard we were gone thither, he immediately sent +orders after us for our entertainment by a post; but we were gone +before. Going home by Esquivias, we saw those famous reputed cellars, +which are forty-four steps down, where that admirable wine is kept in +great tinajas, which are pots holding about five hundred gallons each; +and to let you know how strangely they clear their wine, it is by +putting some of the earth of the place in it, which way of refining +their wine is done no where but here. + +October the 14th, the King proclaimed the lowering the vellon money +[Footnote: Properly, copper currency, as distinguished from the plata, +or silver coinage. Hence the English and French Billon, signifying +base money.] to the half; and the pistole, that was this morning at +eighty-two reals, was proclaimed to go but for forty-eight, which was +above eight hundred pounds loss to my husband. + +October the 21st, we went to see the Buen Retiro. The Duke de Medina +de las Torres, who has the keeping of this house of the King's from +his Majesty, sent two of his gentlemen to show us all that belongs +thereunto. The place is adorned with much water and fountains, trees +and fine gardens, with many hermitages up and down the place, and a +very good house for his Majesty; yet the pictures therein did far +exceed the rest, they being many, and all very curious, done by the +best hand in the world in their times. + +On the 27th of October we went, with all our train, to see the +Escurial, the Duke de Medina de las Torres having procured a letter +here from the Pope's Nuncio to give me leave to see the convent there, +which cannot be seen by any woman without his leave: likewise the Duke +did send letters to the Prior, commanding him to assist in showing all +the principal parts of that princely fabric, and to lodge us in the +lodging of the Duke de Montaldo, the Mayor-domo to her Majesty. We +were near eighty persons in company, and five coaches. As soon as we +were arrived there, the Prior sent two of his chief friars to welcome +us to the Escurial. The friar who met us by command a league before, +at a grange house of his Majesty's, and accompanied us to the +Escurial, being returned, these friars from the Prior brought us a +present of St. Martin's wine and melons, a calf, a kid, two great +turkeys, fine bread, apples, pears, cream, with some other fine things +of that place. On the 28th, being St. Simon's and Jude's day, we all +went early in the morning to see the church, where we were met by the +Prior at the door, with all the friars on both sides, who received us +with great kindness and respect, and all the choir singing till we +came up to the high altar; then all of them accompanied us to the +Pantheon, which was, for that purpose, hung full of lights in the +branches; there saw I the most glorious place for the covering of the +bones of their Kings of Spain that is possible to imagine. I will +briefly give you this description. + +The descent is about thirty steps, all of polished marble, and arched +and lined on all sides with jasper polished; upon the left hand, in +the middle of the stairs, is a large vault, in which the bodies of +their Kings, and Queens that have been mothers of Kings, lie in silver +coffins for one year, until the moisture of their bodies be consumed. +Over against this is another vault, in which lie buried the bodies of +those Queens that had no sons at their death, and all the children of +their Kings that did not inherit. At the bottom of the stairs is the +Pantheon, built eighty feet square, and is, I guess, about sixty feet +over; the whole lining of it in all places is jasper, very curiously +carved, both in figures and flowers and imagery; and a branch for +forty lights, which is vastly rich, of silver, and hangs down from the +top by a silver chain, within three yards of the bottom, and is made +with great art, as is also this curious knot of jasper on the floor, +that the reflection of the branch and lights is perfectly there to be +seen. The bodies of their Kings lie in jasper stones, supported every +coffin by four lions of jasper at the four corners; three coffins and +three headstones are set in every arch, which arch is curiously +wrought in the roof, and supported by jasper pillars: there are seven +arches, and one in the middle at the upper end, and over against the +coming in, that contains a very curious altar and crucifix of jasper. + +From thence we saw all the convent and the sacristia, in which there +were all the principal pieces that ever Titian made, and the hands of +many others of the most famous men that then were in the world. + +After seeing the convent, and every part thereof, we saw the King's +palace, with the apothecary's shop, and all the stillatories, and all +belonging thereunto. + +The Escurial stands under the side of a very high mountain; it has a +very fine river, and a very large park well stored with deer: it is +built upon a hill, and you ascend above half a mile through a double +row of elm-trees to the house, which is abundantly served with most +excellent water and wood for their use. The front has a large platform +paved with marble, and railed with a stone baluster round about; the +entry of the gate is supported by two marble pillars, each of them of +one entire marble, which are near twelve feet high. It is built with +seventeen courts and gardens thereunto; every court contains a +different office; the whole is built of rough marble, with pillars of +the same round the cloisters; and the walls thereof are made so +smooth, that the famous Titian hath painted them with stories all +over, among others, the story of the battle of Lepanto, and the +gallery of the palace also: they have infinite numbers of fountains, +both within and without house. It contains a very fine palace, a +convent, and a college and hospital, all which are exactly well kept +and royally furnished; but I cannot omit saying, that the finest +stillatory I ever saw is there, being a very large room shelved round, +with glasses sized and sorted upon the shelves, many of crystal gilt, +and the rest of Venice glasses, and some of vast sizes; the floor is +paved with black and white marble; and in the middle stands a furnace, +with five hundred stills around it, with glass like a pyramid, with +glass heads. The apothecary's shop is large, very richly adorned with +paint, and gilding, and marble; there is an inward room, in which the +medicines are made, as finely furnished and beautified as the shop; +all the vessels are silver, and so are all the instruments for +surgery: nothing is wanted there for that purpose that invention or +money can produce. + +We were entertained with a banquet at the Prior's lodging; and +afterwards returned, accompanied by the friars, to our lodgings, where +the Prior made a visit to my husband, and my husband offered to repay +it again, sending to him to know if his Reverendissima Senoria would +give him leave to wait on him, that night, to thank him for his noble +entertainment, although both he and I had done it. The Prior excused +the visit, and so we rested that night. + +I would not have you that read this book, wonder that I should not +more largely describe this so unparalleled fabric in the world; but I +do purposely omit the particulars, because they are exactly described +in a book written by the friars, and sold in that place, with all the +cuts of every particular of the place, and you have it among your +father's books. The friars of this convent are of the order of St. +Lawrence. + +On the 29th, we returned home to our house at Madrid, where on +Saturday afternoon my little child, Betty, fell ill of the small-pox, +as had done my daughter Ann, in the month of September before; but +both of them, God's name be praised! recovered perfectly well, without +blemish: but as I could not receive, for want of capacity of room, the +ladies of the Court at my lodgings at the Conde de Irvias, so could I +not receive them here by reason of the smallpox in the family, and +they having twice offered to visit me, and I refused it upon that +account. + +Thursday 27th November, I went to wait upon the Emperor's Ambassador's +lady, at her house; upon the 28th, I went to wait upon the Duchess de +Medina de las Torres; and on the 29th, the Emperor's Ambassador's lady +came to visit me. The same day the Duchess de Medina de las Torres +sent an excuse by Don Alonso, one of the Duke's secretaries, that she +could not visit that day, by reason her youngest daughter was fallen +sick of a fever. Sunday the 30th of November, I sent to thank the +Emperor's Ambassador's lady for the visit the day before, and to see +how she did. + +Upon the 1st of December, we let our dispense for seventy-two thousand +reals vellon, a year, which, at forty-eight reals a pistole, is one +hundred and twenty-five pistoles a month: he (the contractor) paid me +this sum this day, as he is obliged to do the first day of every +month; and likewise to give me for the arrears of the dispense, which +was near eleven weeks, fourteen thousand reals. + +Upon the 15th of December, was seen here at Madrid a very great +blazing star, which to our view appeared with a train of twelve or +fourteen yards long: it rose at first in the south-south-east, about +twelve o'clock at night, but altered its course during the continuance +thereof. Within a fortnight after its expiration, it appeared at six +o'clock at night with the rays reversed; it continued in our view till +the 23rd day of January. + +December the 22nd, which is the Queen of Spain's birth-day, I went to +give her Majesty joy thereof, and to the Empress, and to the Prince of +Spain, in such form as the custom of this Court is. About this time I +had sent me by a Genoese merchant, that was a banker in Madrid, a box +of about a yard and a half long, and almost a yard and a half broad, +and a quarter and a half deep, covered with green taffety, and bound +with a silver lace, with lock and key; within, it was divided into +many partitions, garnished with gilt paper, and filled full of the +best and choicest sweetmeats, all dry. I never saw any so beautiful +and good before or since, besides the curiosity. + +On the 23rd, we were invited to see a show, performed by forty-eight +of the chiefest of the nobility of this Court, who ran two and two on +horseback, as fast as the horses could run, in walks railed in on +purpose on both sides, before the palace-gate; over which, in a +balcony, sat the King, the Queen, and Empress; round about, in other +balconies, sat the nobility of the Court, and in an entre-suelo, at +the King's left hand, sat the chief of the Ambassadors. My husband and +I were with the Duke and Duchess de Medina de las Torres, in their own +particular quarter in the palace, which we chose as the best place, +and having the best view, whereupon we refused the balcony. The sight +was very fine, and the noblemen and horses very richly attired. + +Upon the 1st of January, I received of our Dispensero, as was my due, +six thousand reals, for the month's dispense, and six thousand more in +part of arrears. Upon the 4th of January I waited on the Queen, +Prince, and Empress, to give them the buenas pascuas [Footnote: +Compliments of the season.] as the custom of this Court is. + +On the 5th, here came, among other diversions of sports we had this +Christmas, Juan Arana, the famous comedian, who here acted about two +hours to the admiration of all that beheld him, considering that he +was near upon eighty years of age. About this time the Duke of Alva +sent my husband a fat buck; I never eat any better in England. We do +take it for granted in England that there is nothing good to eat in +Spain, but I assure you the want is money alone. + +The 11th of December, the President of Castile gave a warrant to an +officer to execute upon Don Francisco de Ayala, to carry him prisoner +for some offences by him committed. This gentleman lived in a house +within the protection of my husband's barriers, very near to his own +dwelling-house; for which reason, no person can give or execute a +warrant for what crime soever, without the leave of the Ambassador; +but notwithstanding, the officer who executed this warrant, being +backed by the President of Castile, did seize the person of Don +Francisco de Ayala in his own house, and carried him to prison. + +Notice whereof being given to my husband from him, my husband +immediately wrote a letter to the President of Castile, demanding the +prisoner to be immediately brought home to his house; that he would +not suffer the privilege of the King, his master, to be broken, making +further greater complaint of this usage to him; to which the next day, +in a letter, the President replied, that an Ambassador had no power to +protect out of his own house and household, with many other ridiculous +excuses; but all his allegations being proved against him, both by +ancient and modern custom, by hundred of examples, and nothing left +him to defend himself but his own peevish wilfulness, my husband +pursued the business with much vigour, telling the gentleman that +brought him the President's letter, that his master, the President, as +to him had once been very civil, but as to the King, his master, most +uncivil, both in the acting and defending so indecent a business; for +which reason he would not give an answer by letter to the President, +because his to the Ambassador did not deserve one; all which my +husband desired the gentleman to acquaint the President, his master, +with. Then my husband visited the gentleman in prison, a thing never +before known of an Ambassador; telling the prisoner openly, before +many gentlemen that were there accompanying of him, that he would have +him out, or else that he would immediately leave the Court. The great +number of gentlemen and servants of my husband's family gave +apprehensions to the keeper of the prison, when my husband demanded +leave to visit the prisoner. + +The next day, being the 16th, Don Francisco de Ayala was visited, by +my husband's example, by most of the council and nobility of this +Court. In the evening, in a letter to the Duke de Medina de las +Torres, my husband inclosed a memorial to his Catholic Majesty, +demanding the prisoner, saying, he was very sorry that at one time, a +few years ago, in the year 1650, some English gentlemen, whereof Mr. +Sparks was one, did kill one Askew, an agent of Oliver's to the +Catholic King. When they had thus done, all those persons and degrees +made their escape but Mr. Sparks, who took sanctuary in one of their +churches; notwithstanding which, the privilege thereof being defended +both by the Archbishop of Toledo and the greatest prelates of this +kingdom, he was by the King and council pulled out of the church and +executed, so great at that time was the fear that this Court had of +Oliver; and now, violation of privileges should only have been used to +his Majesty, the King of England, assuring his Majesty he neither +could nor would put it up without ample restitution made. + +Upon the perusal of this memorial, his Catholic Majesty did +immediately command the President of Castile to send his warrant the +next day, and to release Don Francisco de Ayala, and to send him home +immediately to my husband, which was done accordingly that night; and +my husband, with all his coaches and family, which were near a hundred +persons, carried him and placed him in his own house before the +officers' faces that brought him home from prison. All this you will +find in your father's transactions in his Spanish embassy. In this +action my husband did not receive so much content in the victory as +the Spaniards of all sorts, on whom it made a very great impression; +though the chief Minister of state in our country did not value this, +nor give the encouragement to such a noble action as was due. And here +I will impartially say, what I have observed of the Spanish nation, +both in their principles, customs, and country. + +I find it a received opinion that Spain affords not food either good +or plentiful: true it is that strangers that neither have skill to +choose, nor money to buy, will find themselves at a loss; but there is +not in the Christian world better wines than their midland wines are +especially, besides sherry and canary. Their water tastes like milk; +their corn white to a miracle, and their wheat makes the sweetest and +best bread in the world; bacon beyond belief good; the Segovia veal +much larger and fatter than ours; mutton most excellent; capons much +better than ours. They have a small bird that lives and fattens on +grapes and corn, so fat that it exceeds the quantity of flesh. They +have the best partridges I ever eat, and the best sausages; and +salmon, pikes, and sea-breams, which they send up in pickle, called +escabeche [Footnote: "Escabeche; a pickle made of white wine, bay +leaves, sliced lemons, and spices, used for preserving fish and other +food."--Dic. de la Acad. Esp.] to Madrid, and dolphins, which are +excellent meat, besides carps, and many other sorts of fish. The +cream, called nata, is much sweeter and thicker than any I ever saw in +England; their eggs much exceed ours; and so all sorts of salads, and +roots, and fruits. What I most admired are, melons, peaches, burgamot +pears, grapes, oranges, lemons, citrons, figs, and pomegranates; +besides that I have eaten many sorts of biscuits, cakes, cheese, and +excellent sweetmeats I have not here mentioned, especially manger- +blanc; and they have olives, which are no where so good; and their +perfumes of amber excel all the world in their kind, both for +household stuff and fumes; and there is no such water made as in +Seville. + +They have daily curiosities brought from Italy and the Indies to this +Court, which, though I got my death-wound in, without partiality, I +must say, is the best established, but our own, in the Christian world +that I ever saw; and I have had the honour to live in seven. All +Ambassadors live in as great splendour as the most ambitious can +desire, and if they are just and good, with as much love as they can +deserve. + +In the Palace none serve the King and Queen but the chiefest of the +nobility and ancientest families; no, not in the meanest offices. + +The nation is most superstitiously devout in the Roman Catholic +religion; true in trust committed to them to a miracle, withstanding +all temptations to the contrary, and it hath been tried, particularly +about Cadiz and St. Lucar, that for eight or ten pieces-of-eight, poor +men will undertake stealing for the merchants their silver aboard when +their shipping come in, which sometimes by the watch for that purpose +are taken; and after their examination and refusal to declare whose +the silver is, or who employed them to steal, they are oftentimes +racked, which they will suffer with all the patience imaginable; and +notwithstanding their officers, as they execute their punishment, +mingle great promises of reward if they will confess, yet it was never +known that any ever confessed; and yet these men are not worth ten +pounds in the world. + +They are civil to all as their qualities require, with the highest +respect, so that I have seen a grandee and a duke stop their horse +when an ordinary woman passeth over a kennel, because he would not +spoil her clothes; and put off his hat to the meanest woman that makes +a reverence, though it be their footman's wife. They meddle with no +neighbour's fortune or person, but their own families; and they are +punctual in visits, men to men, and women to women. They visit not +together, except their greatest ministers of state, so public +ministers' wives from princes. If they have animosities concerning +place, they will by discretion avoid ever meeting in a third place, +and yet converse in each other's houses, all the days of their lives, +with satisfaction on both sides. They are generally pleasant and +facetious company; but in this their women exceed, who seldom laugh, +and never loud; but the most witty in repartees, and stories, and +notions in the world. They sing, but not well, their way being between +Italian and Spanish; they play on all kinds of instruments likewise, +and dance with castanuelas very well. They work but little, but very +well, especially in monasteries. They all paint white and red, from +the Queen to the cobbler's wife, old and young, widows excepted, who +never go out of close mourning, nor wear gloves, nor show their hair +after their husband's death, and seldom marry. They are the finest- +shaped women in the world, not tall, their hair and teeth are most +delicate; they seldom have many children; there are none love +cleanliness in diet, clothes, and houses more than they do. They dress +up their oratories very fine with their own work and flowers. + +They have a seed which they sow in the latter end of March, like our +sweet basil; but it grows up in their pots, which are often of China, +large, for their windows, so delicately, that it is all the summer as +round as a ball and as large as the circumference of the pot, of a +most pleasant green, and very good scent. + +They delight much in the feasts of bulls and stage plays, and take +great pleasure to see their little children act before them in their +own houses, which they will do to perfection; but the children of the +greatest are kept at great distance from conversing with their +relations and friends, never eating with their parents but at their +birth. [Footnote: i.e., on their birth-days.] They are carried into an +apartment with a priest, who says daily the office of their church; a +governess, nurse, and under-servants, who have their allowance +according to the custom of great men's houses, so many pounds of +flesh, fruit, bread, and the like, with such a quantity of drink, and +so much a year in money. Until their daughters marry, they never stir +so much as down stairs, nor marry for any consideration under their +own quality, which to prevent, if their fortunes will not procure +husbands, they make them nuns. They are very magnificent in houses, +furniture, pictures of the best, jewels, plate, and clothes; most +noble in presents, entertainments, and in their equipage; and when +they visit, it is with great state and attendance. When they travel, +they are the most jolly persons in the world, dealing their provisions +of all sorts to every person they meet when they are eating. + +One thing I had like to have forgotten to tell you. In the palace +there never lies but one person in the King's apartment, who is a +nobleman, to wait the King's commands; the rest are lodged in +apartments at further distance, which makes the King's side most +pleasant, because it is most airy and sweet. The King and Queen eat +together twice a week in public with their children, the rest +privately, and asunder. They eat often, with flesh to their breakfast, +which is generally, to persons of quality, a partridge and bacon, or +capon, or some such thing, ever roasted, much chocolate, and +sweetmeats, and new-laid eggs, drinking water either cold with snow, +or lemonade, or some such thing. Their women seldom drink wine, their +maids never; they all love the feasts of bulls, and strive to appear +gloriously fine when they see them. + +Upon February the 11th, the Emperor's Ambassador's lady visited me. +Upon Thursday the 19th of February, went from us to England, Mr. +Charles Bertie, Mr. Francis Newport, Sir Andrew King, Sir Edmund +Turner, Mr. Francis Godolphin, Mr. Wycherley, Mr. Hatton, and Mr. +Smith, with all their servants. This day likewise we received letters +of the arrival of Mr. Price from Elvas, a gentleman of my husband's, +who had been sent by him on the 28th of January last past to the King +of Portugal, upon business of state. + +Upon the 2nd of March, we went to see a country house of the Marquesa +de Liche, who presented me with a dog and bitch, perfect greyhounds, +and I could put each of them in my pocket. + +On Thursday the 5th, I returned the visit of the Emperor's +Ambassador's lady. March the 8th, we went to see a house of Don Juan +de Congro, at Chamartin. + +On Wednesday the 19th, we went to take the air, and dined at +Vicalvaro. Mr. Price came from Lisbon this day to Madrid. + +Upon the 20th of March 1665, stilo novo, upon desire of the Duchess de +Medina de las Torres, who was then sick, and had long kept her bed, I +visited her Excellency, taking all my children with me. After I had +been there a little while, passing those compliments, her Excellency +told me that her Catholic Majesty had commanded her to assure me that +her Majesty had a very high esteem for me, not only as I was the wife +of a great King's Ambassador, for whom her Majesty had much respect, +but for my person, and the delight her Majesty took in my +conversation, assuring me from her Majesty that, upon all occasions, I +should find her most cheerfully willing to do me all possible kindness +in her Court; and for a token thereof, her Majesty had herewith sent +me a jewel of diamonds, that cost the Queen eight thousand five +hundred and fifty ducats, plate, [Footnote: See note, p. 179.] which +is about two thousand pounds sterling; which then her Excellency did +deliver to me, saying she thought herself much honoured, and much +contented, that her Majesty had employed her in a business in which +she took so much delight. + +I desired her Excellency to lay me at the feet of her Majesty, and to +tell her Majesty that I esteemed the honour according as I ought, of +whose bounty and graces I and mine had abundantly received ever since +our coming into this kingdom. That the ribbon, wherewith the jewel was +tied, coming from her Majesty, was a favour of which I should have +bragged all the days of my life, though I could never have deserved +it; much more did I esteem so rich a jewel her Majesty was pleased to +send me; but, above all, her Majesty's gracious acceptance of my +service, and her Majesty's promise of her grace and favour to me, in +which I desired I might live, giving her Excellency many thanks for +the kindness on her part therein, believing that her Excellency had, +upon all occasions, made my best actions seem double, and winked at my +imperfections, but that which I did certainly know, and desired her +Excellency to believe, was, that I was her Excellency's most humble +servant. + +On Tuesday the 24th of March, the Marquesa de Liche visited me, who +had not made a visit before in seven years. On Thursday the 26th, I +returned the visit to her Excellency the Marquesa, who entertained me +with a very fine banquet, and gave to my youngest girl, Betty, a +little basket of silver plate, very richly wrought. + +On Thursday the 8th of April, being his Catholic Majesty's birthday, I +went to give the Empress and her Catholic Majesty the parabien +[Footnote: Congratulation. ] thereof, and likewise my thanks to her +Majesty for the many honours she had done me, and particularly for +that of the jewel. + +Upon the 5th of April here appeared a new blazing star, rising in the +east about two o'clock in the morning, rising every day a quarter of +an hour later than the former, so that it appeared to our view but +about three weeks, because the daylight obscured. + +Thursday the 23rd of April, we dined at a pleasure-house of the +King's, three leagues from Madrid, called the Torre del Prado. Monday, +26th of April, we went to see a garden-house of the Marquis de Liche, +which had been the Marquis of Fuentes'. The house was finely adorned +with curious pictures painted on the wall, with a very fine and large +garden thereunto belonging, in which on many days following we dined. + +On Saturday the 3rd of May we heard, by letters from my father, the +sad news of the death of my good brother-in-law, my Lord Fanshawe; +and, at the same time, of his son's being happily married to one of +the daughters and heirs of Sir John Evelyn, of Wiltshire, and widow of +Sir John Wray, of Lincolnshire. + +May the 28/18th, we went to see the feast of bulls, in a balcony made +at the end of a street that looked in even with the row of houses. On +the King's right hand, just below the Councils, which is over against +all other Ambassadors, there sat the Pope's Nuncio, and the rest of +the Ambassadors below him; but we not owning the Pope's priority, your +father was placed by himself. + +June the 20th, came to this Court by an express, the news of the total +rout of the King of Spain's army, commanded by the Marquis of +Caracena, by the Portuguese.[Footnote: At Montesclaros, where the +Portuguese were commanded by the Marquis de Marialva.] + +Upon the 6th of July, went to the feast of bulls again. + +Upon the 7th, anno 1665, came to my husband the happy news of our +victory against the Dutch, fought upon the 13th of June, stilo novo. + +August the 6th, at eleven o'clock in the morning, was born my son, +Richard Fanshawe, God be praised! and christened at four of the +o'clock that afternoon by our Chaplain, Mr. Bagshaw: his godfathers my +cousin Fanshawe, Chief Secretary, and Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of the +Horse: his godmother, Mrs. Kestian, one of my gentlewomen. The same +day the Duke of Medina and his Duchess sent to give us joy. Upon the +7th the Duke came in person to give us joy, with all his best jewels +on, as the custom of Spain is, to show respect. + +Upon Thursday the 10th of August, the Queen sent her Majesty's Mayor- +domo, the Marquis of Aytona, to visit me from her Majesty, and to give +me joy. The next day her Majesty's Camarera Mayor and the Princess +Alva gave me joy, as did likewise most of the others of the greatest +ladies at court. + +'Oh, ever living God, through Jesus Christ, receive the humble thanks +of thy servant for thy great mercy to us in our son, whom I humbly +desire thee, O Jesus, to protect; and to make him an instrument of thy +glory. Give him thy Holy Spirit, O God, to be with him all the days of +his life; direct him through the narrow paths of righteousness, in +faith, patience, charity, temperance, chastity, and a love and liking +of thy blessed will, in all the various accidents of this life: this +with what outward blessings thou, O Heavenly Father, knowest needful +for him, I beg of thee, not remembering his sins nor the sins of us +his parents, nor of our forefathers, but thy tender mercy, which thou +hast promised shall be all over thy works, and for the blessed merits +of our only Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ; to whom with thee and the +blessed Spirit be all honour and glory, as it was in the beginning, is +now, and ever shall be. Amen.' + +On Thursday the 17th of September, died Philip the Fourth of Spain +having been sick but four days, of a flux and fever. The day before +his death he made his will, and left the government of the King and +kingdom in the hands of his Queen, Donna Ana of Austria; and to assist +her Majesty, he recommended for her council therein, the President of +Castile, Conde de Castilla, the Cardinal of Toledo, the Inquisitor +General, the Marquis of Aytona, the Vice-Chancellor of Aragon, and the +Conde de Penaranda. He declared for his successor, Charles Second, who +now reigns; and in case that he should die without issue, the Emperor, +if he marries the Infanta, now called the Empress, to whom he is +affianced; but if not, the Infanta before himself; after the Emperor, +the Duke of Savoy; the Queen of France to inherit next to the Infanta, +in case she be a widow, and all her children successively by any other +husband; but neither she can inherit nor any child of France. + +The body of Philip the Fourth lay exposed from the 18th of September +till Saturday night the 19th, in a great room in his palace at Madrid, +where he died; in which room they used to act plays. The room was hung +with fourteen pieces of the King's best hangings, and over them rich +pictures round about, all of one size, placed close together. At the +upper end of the room was raised a throne of three steps, upon which +there was placed a bedstead, boarded at the bottom, and raised at the +head: the throne was covered with a rich Persia carpet; the bottom of +the bedstead was of silver, the valance and head-cloth, for there were +no curtains, were cloth of gold, wrought in flowers with crimson silk. +Over the bedstead was placed a cloth of state, of the same with the +valance and head-cloth of the bedstead; upon which stood a silver-gilt +coffin, raised about a foot or more higher at the head than at the +feet, in which was laid a pillow, and in the coffin lay Philip the +Fourth, with his head on the pillow, upon it a white beaver hat, his +head combed, his beard trimmed, his face and hands painted. He was +clothed in a musk colour silk suit, embroidered with gold, a golilla +(or ruff) about his neck, cuffs on his hands, which were clasped on +his breast, holding a globe and a cross on it therein; his cloak was +of the same, with his sword by his side; stockings, garters, and shoe- +strings of the same, and a pair of white shoes on his feet. In the +room were erected six altars for the time, upon which stood six +candlesticks, with six wax candles lighted, and in the middle of each +altar a crucifix; the forepart of each altar was covered with black +velvet, embroidered with silver. Before the throne a rail went across +from one side of the room to the other. At the two lower corners of +the throne, at each side, stood a nobleman, the one holding an +imperial crown, the other the sceptre; and on each side of the throne +six high candlesticks with six tapers in them. The doors of that room +were kept by the Mayor-domo of the King and Queen then in waiting, and +the outward by the Italian guard. + +On the Saturday night, he was carried upon a bier, hung betwixt two +mules, upon which the coffin with the King's body was laid, covered +with a covering of cloth of gold, and at every corner of the bier was +placed a high crystal lanthorn with lighted tapers in it. He was +attended by some grandees, who rode next after him, and other noblemen +in coaches, with between two and three hundred on horseback, of whom a +great part carried tapers lighted in their hands: this was the +company, besides footmen. When the King's body came to the Convent of +the Escurial, the friars of that convent stood at the gate, and there, +according to the institution of the place, performed the ceremonies as +follow. The priors asked the grandees, who carried the King on their +shoulders, for none other must touch him, 'Who is in that coffin, and +what do they there demand?' Upon which the Sumiller de Corps, +[Footnote: Properly, the Groom of the Stole; "a cuyo cargo esta la +asistencia al Rey en su retrete."--Dic. de la Acad.] who is the Duke +de Medina de las Torres, answered, 'It is the body of Philip the +Fourth of Spain, whom we here bring for you to lay in his own tomb.' +Upon which the Duke delivered the Queen's letter, as Regent of the +kingdom, to testify that it was her Majesty's command that the King's +body should be there buried. Then the Prior read the letter, and +accompanied the body before the high altar, where it was for some time +placed, till they had performed the usual ceremonies for that time +appropriated. After which the grandees took up the corpse again, and +carried it down into the Pantheon, into which as soon as they were +entered, the Prior demanded of the Duke the covering of the King's +body as his fee. + +Then demanded he the keys, upon which the Duke delivered him his, as +Sumiller de Corps, and then the Prior's own sent him by the Queen, and +the Mayor-domo then in waiting delivered him his. The Prior having +received these three keys, demanded franca [Footnote: i.e., puerta +franca; admittance.] of the Duke and Mayor-domo, that in that coffin +was the body of Philip the Fourth; and when they had done, they there +left the body with the Prior, who after the body's lying some time in +the place where the infants are buried, placed it in his own tomb. + +My husband with all his family and coaches were put into mourning for +Philip the Fourth of Spain. + +October the 4th following, I waited upon the Queen to give her Majesty +pesame [Footnote: Compliments of condolence.] of the King's death, who +received me with great grace and favour, as likewise did the King and +the Empress, who were both present. + +On the 8th of October my husband and I, with all our family and son, +being the first time he went out of doors, went to the Placa Mayor, to +hear and see King Charles the Second proclaimed by the Duke de Medina +de las Torres, who was very richly apparelled in a silk suit, +embroidered with silver and gold, set with diamond buttons: he was +accompanied by most of the nobles in the town on horseback, as he +himself was. In his right hand he carried the King's royal standard, +and by his left side rode the Mayor of the town. The Heralds that rode +before went first upon the scaffold, which was there made for that +purpose before the King's balcony, where he was wont to see the juego +de toros. The scaffold was covered with carpets. On each side of the +Duke stood the Heralds, and on his left hand stood the Mayor, and by +the Heralds two Notaries. The King was proclaimed in five places; at +the Court above named, at the Descalcas Reale, at the Town House, at +the Gate of Guadajara, and at the Palace. + +November the 9th, I went to give the Queen the parabien of the King's +birth-day, who, the 6th of this month, completed four years of age. +Her Majesty received me with great grace and favour, causing the King +to come in and receive of me the parabien of his anos likewise. + +The 14th of this month I went to wait on the Camerara Mayor and the +Marquis de los Velez, the King's Aya, [Footnote: Governor or tutor.] +from both of whom I received great kindnesses. + +December the 17th, 1665, my husband, upon the part of our King his +master, and the Duke de Medina de las Torres, on the part of his +Catholic Majesty, did conclude and signed together the peace between +England and Spain, and the articles for the adjustment between Spain +and Portugal, which articles were cavilled at by the Lord Chancellor +Clarendon and his party, that they might have an opportunity to send +the Earl of Sandwich out of the way from the Parliament, which then +sat, and who, as he and his friends feared, would be severely punished +for his cowardice in the Dutch fight. He neither understood the +customs of the Court, nor the language, nor indeed any thing but a +vicious life; and thus was he shuffled into your father's employment +to reap the benefit of his five years' negotiation of the peace +between England, Spain, and Portugal: and after above thirty years +studying state affairs, and many of them in the Spanish Court: so much +are Ambassadors slaves to the public ministers at home, who often, +through envy or ignorance, ruin them! + +December the 23rd, I went to give the Queen the parabien of her anos, +whereof she had completed thirty-one. I likewise gave joy to the +Empress and the King, who were both then present. + +The 6th of January, 1666, twelfth-day, stilo novo, my husband sent Mr. +John Price, one of his secretaries, to Lisbon, to advertise that King, +by the Conde de Castel Melhor, of his intended journey the week +following. On the 14th of this present January, the Duke of Medina de +las Torres wrote a letter to my husband, by the command of her +Catholic Majesty, which said, that for the great kindness and pains he +had and did take for the accommodating a peace between England and +Spain, and procuring a truce for thirty years between the crowns of +Spain and Portugal, that, on the day of the ratification thereof, her +Majesty did give him [Footnote: These gratifications were never paid, +because my Lord Sandwich was sent to receive what advantage he could +make. But the body of the peace being concluded before by my husband, +he received very small advantage thereby; but had my husband lived, he +would, through their justice and kindness to him, for his great wisdom +and indefatigable pains in procuring a triple peace between the three +crowns of England, Spain, and Portugal, have received a sum.] an +hundred thousand pieces-of-eight, and likewise for a further +expression of her Majesty's kindness, to me fifty thousand pieces-of- +eight. + +The 16th of January, 1666, being twelfth-day, English account, my +husband began his journey from Madrid to Portugal. The day before he +went, her Catholic Majesty sent the Marquis Aytona to offer a set of +her Majesty's machos to carry his litter, and another set for his +coach, but my husband refused both, with many humble thanks to her +Majesty for so great grace and honour done him, which he refused upon +no other score but the consideration of the length of the journey, and +the badness of the way, which the time of the year caused, which would +expose the beasts to that hazard, as he could not satisfy himself to +put them in; and although my husband was next day pressed again to +receive this favour, yet he refused it with much respect to her +Majesty, for the forenamed reasons. Likewise the Duke de Medina de las +Torres sent two sets of very brave machos to convey my husband to +Portugal, which he refused with many thanks to his Excellency, upon +the same account he had done those formerly to her Majesty. My husband +carried none of his own horses or mules, but hired all he used for +himself or his retinue. He went in his own litter, and carried one of +his own coaches with him, and five sumpters, covered with his own +sumpter cloths. His retinue were:--Mr. Fanshawe, Chief Secretary; Mr. +Price, gone before to Lisbon; Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of the Horse; Mr. +Bagshawe, Chaplain; Mr. Ashburnham, Mr. Parry, Mr. Creighton, Mr. +Eyres, Steward; Mr. Weeden, Mr. Jemmet, Mr. Bumstead, Pages; Mr. +Hellow, Butler; William, a Cook; Francis, a Groom; Frances, a +Laundress, and four Spanish footmen. + +To every five mules went a moco, and a sobrestante over all. Her +Majesty sent an alguazil of the court with my husband through Spain, +to provide him lodgings, and to assist him in all other occasions +belonging to his journey. I accompanied my husband a league out of +town in our coach of state; then he entered his litter, and so began +his journey. + +Within an hour after I was returned to my house, the Duke and Duchess +de Medina de las Torres sent each of them a gentleman with very kind +messages to me on the part of their Excellencies. + +The 17th, came the Master of the Ceremonies to see me, and offered the +services of this Court, with high compliments and much kindness; the +18th, came the Duke of Aveyro to see me, and afterwards the Marquis of +Trucifal; the 19th, came to see me the Baron of L'Isola's lady; the +20th of January, I received a letter from my husband at Toledo; the +26th, the Marquis de Liche came to visit me; the 28th, the Duchess de +Aveyro sent a gentleman to me, to excuse her not coming to see me, by +reason of her being with child, and not having stirred out of her +chamber from the time she had conceived with child; the 29th I +received a letter from my husband, from Frexenal. + +The 2nd of February, the Duke de Medina de las Torres sent to me Don +Nicolas Navas, with letters from her Catholic Majesty herself to my +husband, and putting up the packet here before me, inclosed my letters +therein, I giving a cover, and sealing it with my seal, and a passport +to the post that carried it, to come and go: all which was required of +me by his Excellency, who was pleased to continue this for me every +post that he sent during my husband's stay in Portugal. + +The 12th of February, the Duchess of Albuquerque sent a gentleman to +excuse her not visiting me, her Excellency being sick of a fever. This +night likewise the Duke sent a second post to my husband as before. +The 13th, Father Patricio came to visit me, from the Duke; the 17th +died the Queen-mother of Portugal; the 20th, the Duke despatched a +third post to my husband. The 23rd, the Duke and his Duchess came to +visit me in very great state, having six coaches and two sedans to +wait on them, and above a hundred gentlemen and attendants. The 27th, +one of the three posts returned from my husband; another on the 2nd of +March; the third on the 10th. + +On the 8th of March, 1666, stilo novo, my husband returned from Lisbon +to this Court, with all his family in very good health, God be +praised! I went with my children two leagues out of town, to Ricon, to +meet him. He brought in his company Sir Robert Southwell, an enviado +from our King to Portugal and Spain, if need so required. My husband +entertained him at his house three weeks and odd days. + +Upon the 26th of March, came a letter from Coruna, advertising this +Court of the Earl of Sandwich's arrival, as Extraordinary Ambassador +from our King to his Catholic Majesty. + +Sunday the 12th of April, I took my leave of the Queen of Spain, and +Empress, and the King, and the next day of the Camarera Mayor, and of +the King's Aya. + +The 13th of April, returned from hence a gentleman named Mr. Weeden, +who came hither on the 6th of the same month, bringing letters to this +Court and my husband from his Lord, the Earl of Sandwich, and likewise +a list of the Extraordinary Ambassador's family, which was as +follows:-- + +Mr. Sidney Montague, his son; Sir Charles Herbert, Mr. Steward, Mr. +Godolphin, Secretary to the Embassy; Mr. Worden, Mr. Bedles, Mr. +Cotterrel, Mr. Bridges, Mr. Clarke, Mr. Melham, Mr. Stuard, Mr. Linch, +Mr. Boddie, Interpreter; Mr. Parker, Mr. Shere, Mr. Moore, Chaplain; +The Steward; Captain Ferrer, Gentleman of the Horse; Mr. William +Ferrer, Mr. Gateley, Clergyman; Mr. Gibbs, Mr. Boreman, Clerk of the +Kitchen; Mr. Lond, Mr. Veleam, Mr. Mallard; Mr. Richard Jarald, Mr. +Joseph Chaumond, Under Secretaries; Francis Paston, Confectioner; +Henry Pyman, Butler; Gentleman, Mr. Cooke; Balfoure and Attenchip, two +Cooks; Allion Thompson, Trumpeter; William Killegrew, Thomas Rice, +William Rich, Francis Warrington, James Ashton, Mr. Place, John +Beverley, Briggs, Richard Cooper, Mr. Kerke, Mr. Churchill, Mr. +Jeffereys, Mr. Crown, Pages, ten; Mr. Nicholas Neto, Mr. Righton, +Edward Hooton, Richard Russel, Andrew Daniel; Peacock, Dennis, +Footmen; Thomas Gibson, Thomas Williams, Josias Brown, Caspar, el +negro; Nathaniel Bennet; the Nurse, her Husband, two Maids, Nicholas +Bennet, Henry Mitchell, and John Goods. + +On the 14th I took my leave of the Duchess de Medina de las Torres, +the Marquesa de Trucifal, and the Condessa de Torres Vedras. On the +15th, I took my leave of the Duchess de Aveiro, who gave my daughter +Katharine a jewel of twenty-seven emeralds; and to my daughter +Margaret a crystal box set in gold, and a large silver box of amber +pastilles to burn; and to my daughter Ann a crystal bottle, with a +gold neck, full of amber water, and a silver box of filagree; and to +my daughter Betty a little trunk of silver wire, made in the Indies. +This day I likewise visited the Marquesa de Liche, and daughter-in-law +of the Almirante of Castilla, the Baron de L'Isola's lady, and Don +Diego Tinoco's lady, who had all visited me. + +On the 16th, I took my leave of the Duchess of Albuquerque, and her +Excellency Donna Maria de la Cueva. The Duchess showed me a large room +full of gilt and silver plate, which they said cost a hundred thousand +pistoles, though to my eye it did not seem of half the worth. It was +made for the Duke's journey into Germany, being the principal person +entrusted to dispose of her Imperial Majesty's family and money for a +voyage to that Court; and afterwards he and his lady are to return to +Sicily, and there to remain Viceroy. The same day I took my leave of +the German Ambassador's lady. Easterday being the 25th of April, 1666, +the Infanta Donna Maria was married to the Emperor by proxy, viz., the +Duke de Medina de las Torres. + +THE CEREMONY + +First went a great high coach of the Duke's, drawn by four black +Flanders' mares; in it were the Duchess's two sons, with other persons +of quality. In Madrid none can go with six horses but the King or +Queen, as I said before. Then went the Duke's coach, a most exceeding +rich one, drawn by four grey Flanders' mares, in the upper end whereof +the Duke himself sat, with the German Ambassador on his right hand, +the Duke of Alva on his left, in the other end the Conde de Penaranda, +between the Duke of Pastrana and his son. After this coach followed +immediately the Duke of Medina's Gentleman of the Horse, upon a very +fine white one. Then went a very rich new coach, empty, of the German +Ambassador's, made on purpose for the day, drawn by four horses. Then +followed another of the Duke's coaches with some of his gentlemen in +it; then the German Ambassador's second coach, with some of his +gentlemen in it. Then one of the Duke's coaches, in which was the +Baron de Lesley, Envoy Extraordinary from the Emperor, and one person +with him; then another of the Duke's coaches with more of his +gentlemen. Then another of the German Ambassador's coaches with more +of his family in it. The Duke's pages walked by his coach, and had +gold chains across their shoulders. The Baron de Lesley's went in some +of the before-named coaches. + +On Monday the 26th, Don John of Austria came to Court to give the +Empress joy, but the ceremony performed, returned immediately, the +same day, to a retiring place his Highness had at Ocana, near +Aranjuez, which famous seat of royal recreation, for a farewell, the +Empress lay at night at, being in her way to Denia, where she was to +embark. Don John, from Ocana accompanied her Imperial Majesty two or +three days' journey. + +On Tuesday the 27th, my husband, (invited there by the Master of the +Ceremonies, and then to come in short mourning, with something of +jewels,) gave to the Empress joy in his master's name, also to the +Queen jointly sent; and then giving her daughter the hand. Sir Robert +Southwell was admitted to accompany him in like manner, and perform +the same function. + +On Wednesday the 18/28th of April, her Imperial Majesty went from the +palace to the Descalcas Reales, and from thence to the Atoche, from +whence she began her journey for Vienna. Her passing through the town +was in this manner. + +First passed several persons of quality in their coaches, intermixed +with others. Then the two Lieutenants of her Catholic Majesty's +guards, on horseback; then the two Captains of the said guards, the +Marquis de Salina, and the Marquis de Malpica, on horseback. Then a +coach of respect, lined with cloth of gold, mixed with green. Then a +litter of respect lined with the same stuff; then four trumpeters on +horseback; then the Duke of Albuquerque, in a plain coach; then +twenty-four men upon horses and mules, with portmanteaus before them; +then two trumpeters more; then the Empress and her Camarera Mayor +(Condessa de Benavente), in a plain large coach; then eight men +without cloaks on horseback, who I presume were pages to her Catholic +Majesty; then the Empress's nurse, and four or five pretty children of +her's in a coach; then four young ladies with caps and white feathers +with black specks in them, in another coach; then duenas or ancient +ladies; then more young ladies with caps and black hats, pinned up +with rich jewels; then another coach with young ladies; then followed +many other coaches irregularly. + +The Duke de Medina de las Torres, as also the German Ambassador, and +many of the nobility of Spain, went out of town, and stayed about a +league off for the Empress's coming that way. All the meaner sort of +her Imperial Majesty's train, and her carriages, as also the Duke of +Albuquerque's, went before. + +On Monday the 26th, I wrote to the Camarera Mayor and the Empress's +Aya, giving both their Majesties joy of this marriage. + +May the 5th, we dined at Salvatierra, two leagues from Madrid, and +returned again at night. + +On Friday the 18/28th of May, 1666, came to Madrid the Earl of +Sandwich, Ambassador Extraordinary from our King to the Queen Regent +of this kingdom. My husband went with all his train two leagues to +welcome and conduct him to this Court. This day twenty-two years we +were married. + +The 29th, my Lord of Sandwich delivered my husband the King's letters +of revocation, and therewith a private letter of great grace and +favour. This afternoon my Lord Sandwich, with most part of his train, +came to visit me. + +June the 9th, stilo novo, being the King's birthday, my husband made +an entertainment for my Lord of Sandwich., with all his retinue and +the rest of the English at Madrid. + +The next [Sun-] day, being Whit-Sunday, [Footnote: This was the last +time my husband received the communion.] my husband went with the Earl +of Sandwich to a private audience, where my husband introduced him to +the King of Spain. Monday the 14th, my husband went with the Earl of +Sandwich to the Duke de Medina de las Torres. + +On the 15/25th, being Tuesday, [Footnote: Query, 5/15th June.] my +husband was taken ill with an ague, but turned to a malignant inward +fever, of which he lay until the 26th of the same month, being Sunday, +[Footnote: Query, Saturday, 16/26th June.] until eleven of the clock +at night, and then departed this life, fifteen days before his +intended journey to England. + +'O all powerful good God, look down from Heaven upon the most +distressed wretch upon earth. See me with my soul divided, my glory +and my guide taken from me, and in him all my comfort in this life; +see me staggering in my path, which made me expect a temporal blessing +for a reward of the great integrity, innocence, and uprightness of his +whole life, and his patience in suffering the insolency of wicked men, +whom he had to converse with upon the public employment, which thou +thoughtest fit, in thy wisdom, to exercise him in. Have pity on me, O +Lord, and speak peace to my disquieted soul, now sinking under this +great weight, which, without thy support, cannot sustain itself. See +me, O Lord, with five children, a distressed family, the temptation of +the change of my religion, the want of all my friends, without +counsel, out of my country, without any means to return with my sad +family to our own country, now in war with most part of Christendom. +But, above all, my sins, O Lord, I do lament with shame and confusion, +believing it is for them that I receive this great punishment. Thou +hast showed me many judgments and mercies which did not reclaim me, +nor turn me to thy holy conversation, which the example of our blessed +Saviour taught. Lord, pardon me; O God, forgive whatsoever is amiss in +me; break not a bruised reed. I humbly submit to thy justice; I +confess my wretchedness, and know I have deserved not only this but +everlasting punishment; but, O my God, look upon me through the merits +of my Saviour, and for his sake save me: do with me and for me what +thou pleasest, for I do wholly rely on thy mercy, beseeching thee to +remember thy promises to the fatherless and widow, and enable me to +fulfil thy will cheerfully in this world; humbly beseeching thee that, +when this mortal life is ended, I may be joined with the soul of my +dear husband, and all thy servants departed this life in thy faith and +fear, in everlasting praises of thy Holy Name. Amen.' + +The next day my husband was embalmed. The following day I began to +receive messages from the Queen and the Court of Spain. + +July the 4th, stilo novo, 1666, my husband was buried by his own +Chaplain, with the ceremony of the Church of England, and a sermon +preached by him. In the evening I sent the body of my dear husband to +Bilbao, intending suddenly to follow him: he went out of town +privately, being accompanied only by a part of his own retinue. His +body arrived safe at Bilbao on the 14th of July 1666, and was laid in +the King's house. Mr. Cooper, Gentleman of his Horse; Mr. Jemett, who +waited on him in his bed-chamber; Mr. Rookes, Mr. Weeden, Mr. Carew, +Richard Batha, and Francis. + +The 5th of July 1666, stilo novo, the Queen-Mother sent the Master of +the Ceremonies of Spain to invite me to stay with all my children in +her Court, promising me a pension of thirty thousand ducats a year, +and to provide for my children, if I and they would turn our religion +and become Roman Catholics. I answered, I humbly thanked her Majesty +for her great grace and favour, which I would ever esteem and pay with +my services, as far as I was able, all the days of my life; for the +latter I desired her Majesty to believe that I could not quit the +faith in which I had been born and bred, and in which God had pleased +to try me for many years in the greatest troubles our nation hath ever +seen; and that I do believe and hope that in the profession of my own +religion God would hear my prayers, and reward her Majesty, and all +the princes of that royal family, for this so great favour which her +Majesty was pleased to offer me in my greatest affliction. + +The 6th and 7th days of this month I was visited by the German +Ambassador's lady, and several other ladies; also by the Ambassador +and the Duke de Medina de las Torres, de Aveiro, Marquis de Trucifal, +Conde de Monterey, with several others of that Court. + +The Queen sent me, for a present, two thousand pistoles which her +Majesty sent me word was to buy my husband a jewel if he had lived. +The week following I gave the Secretary of State a gold watch and +chain, worth thirty pounds. I gave the Master of the Ceremonies, at my +coming away, a clock, which cost me forty pounds. I sold all my +coaches and horses, and lumber of the house, to the Earl of Sandwich, +for one thousand three hundred and eighty pistoles. I likewise sold +there one thousand pounds' worth of plate to several persons, all the +money I could make being little enough for my most sad journey to +England. + +The 8th of July 1666, at night, I took my leave of Madrid, and of the +Siete Chimineas, the house so beloved of my husband and me formerly. I +carried with me all my jewels, and the best of my plate, and other +precious rarities, all the rest being gone before to Bilbao, with part +of my family. All the women went in litters, and the men on horseback. +Myself, my son, and four daughters, one gentlewoman, one chambermaid, +Mr. Fanshawe, my husband's Secretary; Mr. Price, the Chaplain; Mr. +Bagshawe, Mr. Creyton, Mr. White, Mr. Hellowe, John Burton, William, +the Cook; besides other Spanish attendants. + +My Lord Sandwich came in the afternoon to accompany me out of town, +which offer, though earnestly pressed by my Lord, as well as by other +persons of quality, I refused, desiring to go out of that place as +privately as I could possibly; and I may truly say, never any +Ambassador's family came into Spain more gloriously, or went out so +sad. + +July the 21st, after a tedious journey, we arrived at Bilbao, to which +place my dear husband's body came the 14th of this month, and was +lodged in the King's house, with some of his servants to attend him; +but I hired a house in the town during my stay there, in which I +received several letters from Madrid, from England, and from Paris. +The Queen-Mother was graciously pleased to procure me passes from the +King of France, which I received the 21st of September, stilo novo, +accompanied by a letter from my Lady Guilford, and several others of +her Majesty's Court; likewise I did receive a pass from the Duke of +Beaufort, then at Lixa. + +October the 1st, I sent answers of letters to England, to my Lord +Arlington, my brother Warwick, my father, and to several other +persons. Here heard the sad news of the burning of London. + +December the 3rd, being Sunday, I began my journey from Bilbao, with +the body of my dear husband, all my children, and all my family but +three, whom I left to come with my goods by sea. The 7th of October, +we came to Bayonne, in France, having had a dangerous passage between +Spain and France. October the 9th, we began our journey from Bayonne +towards Paris, where we arrived the 30th of October, being Saturday. + +November the 2nd, the Queen-Mother sent my Lady Guilford to condole my +loss, and welcome me to Paris: many of her Majesty's family, of their +own accord, did the same. On the 26th, her Majesty sent Mr. Church, in +one of her coaches, to convey me to Chaillot, a nunnery, where the +Queen then was, who received me with great grace and favour, and +promised me much kindness, when her Majesty returned to England. Her +Majesty sent by me letters to the King, Queen, Duke and Duchess of +York, with a box of writings for her Majesty's Secretary, Sir John +Winter. + +November the 11th, we began our journey towards Calais; and upon the +11th of November, old style, we embarked at Calais in a little French +man-of-war, which carried me to the Tower Wharf, where I landed the +next day, at night, being Monday, at twelve of the clock. I made a +little stay with my children at my father's house, on Tower-hill. The +next day, being the 13th, we all went to my own house in Lincoln's-inn +Fields, on the north side, where the widow Countess of Middlesex had +lived before; and the same day, likewise, was brought the body of my +dear husband. + +On Saturday following, being the 16th of November 1666, I sent the +body of my dear husband to be laid in my father's vault in Allhallows +Church, in Hertford: none accompanied the hearse but seven of his own +gentlemen, who had taken care of his body all the way from Madrid to +London; being Mr. Fanshawe, Mr. Bagshawe, Mr. Cooper, Mr. Freyer, Mr. +Creyton, Mr. Tarret, and Mr. Rooks. + +On the 18th, my Lord Arlington visited me, proffering me his +friendship, to be shown in the procuring of arrears of my husband's +pay, which was two thousand pounds, and to reimburse me five thousand +eight hundred and fifteen pounds my husband had laid out in his +Majesty's service. Likewise I was visited to welcome me into England, +and to condole my loss, by very many of the nobility and gentry, and +also by all my relations in these parts. + +November the 23rd, I waited on the King, and delivered to his Majesty +my whole accounts. He was pleased to receive me very graciously, and +promised me they should be paid, and likewise that his Majesty would +take care of me and mine. Then I delivered his Majesty the letters I +brought from the Queen-Mother; then I did my duty to the Queen, who +with great sense condoled my loss, after which I delivered the Queen- +Mother's letter sent to her Majesty by me. After staying two hours +longer in her Majesty's bed-chamber, I waited on his Royal Highness, +who having condoled me on the loss of my dear husband, promised me a +ship to send for my goods and servants to Bilbao; then I waited on the +Duchess, who with great grace and favour received me, and having been +with her Highness about an hour, and delivered a letter from the +Queen-Mother, I took my leave. I presented the King, Queen, Duke of +York, and Duke of Cambridge, with two dozen of amber skins, and six +dozen of gloves. I likewise presented my Lord Arlington with amber +skins, gloves and chocolate, and a great picture, a copy of Titian's, +to the value of one hundred pounds; and I made presents to Sir William +Coventry, and several other persons then in office. + +In February, the Duke ordered me the Victory frigate, to bring the +remainder of my goods and people from Bilbao, in Spain, which safely +arrived in the latter end of March 1667. I spent my time much in +soliciting and petitioning my Lord Treasurer Southampton, for the +present dispatch of my accounts, which did pass the Secretary, then +Lord Arlington, and within two months I got a privy seal for my money, +without either fee or present, which I could never fasten on my Lord. +Now I thought myself happy, and feared nothing less than further +trouble. God, that only knows what is to come, so disposed my fortune, +that losing that good man and friend, Lord Southampton, my money, +which was five thousand six hundred pounds, was not paid me until +December 1669, notwithstanding I had tallies for the money above two +years before. This was above two thousand pounds loss to me. Besides, +these commissioners, by the instigation of one of their fellow +commissioners, my Lord Shaftesbury, the worst of men, persuaded them +that I might pay for the Embassy plate, which I did, two thousand +pounds; and so maliciously did he oppress me, as if he hoped in me to +destroy that whole stock of honesty and innocence which he mortally +hates. In this great distress I had no remedy but patience: how far +that was from a reward, judge ye, for near thirty years' suffering by +land and sea, and the hazard of our lives over and over, with the many +services of your father, and the expense of all the monies we could +procure, and seven years' imprisonment, with the death and beggary of +many eminent persons of our family, who when they first entered the +King's service, had great and clear estates. Add to this the careful +management of the King's honour in the Spanish Court, after my +husband's death, which I thought myself bound to maintain, although I +had not, God is my witness, above twenty-five doubloons by me at my +husband's death, to bring home a family of three score servants, but +was forced to sell one thousand pounds' worth of our own plate, and to +spend the Queen's present of two thousand doubloons in my journey to +England, not owing nor leaving one shilling debt in Spain, I thank +God, nor did my husband leave any debt at home, which every Ambassador +cannot say. Neither did these circumstances following prevail to mend +my condition, much less found I that compassion I expected upon the +view of myself, that had lost at once my husband, and fortune in him, +with my son but twelve months old in my arms, four daughters, the +eldest but thirteen years of age, with the body of my dear husband +daily in my sight for near six months together, and a distressed +family, all to be by me in honour and honesty provided for, and to add +to my afflictions, neither persons sent to conduct me, nor pass, nor +ship, nor money to carry me one thousand miles, but some few letters +of compliment from the chief ministers, bidding, 'God help me!' as +they do to beggars, and they might have added, 'they had nothing for +me,' with great truth. But God did hear, and see, and help me, and +brought my soul out of trouble; and by his blessed providence, I and +you live, move, and have our being, and I humbly pray God that that +blessed providence may ever supply our wants. Amen. + +Seeing what I had to trust to, I began to shape my life as well as I +could to my fortune, in order whereunto I dismissed all my family but +some few persons. At my arrival I gave them all mourning, and five +pounds apiece, and put most of them into a good way of living, I thank +God. + +In 1667, I took a house in Holborn-row, Lincoln's-inn Fields, for +twenty-one years, of Mr. Cole. This year I christened a daughter of +Lord Fanshawe's. Here, in this year, I only spent my time in lament +and dear remembrances of my past happiness and fortune; and though I +had great graces and favours from the King and Queen, and whole Court, +yet I found at the present no remedy. I often reflected how many +miscarriages and errors the fall from that happy estate I had been in +would throw me; and as it is hard for the rider to quit his horse in a +full career, so I found myself at a loss, that hindered my settling +myself in a narrow compass suddenly, though my narrow fortune required +it; but I resolved to hold me fast by God, until I could digest, in +some measure, my afflictions. Sometimes I thought to quit the world as +a sacrifice to your father's memory, and to shut myself up in a house +for ever from all people; but upon the consideration of my children, +who were all young and unprovided for, being wholly left to my care +and disposal, I resolved to suffer, as long as it pleased God, the +storms and flows of fortune. + +As soon as I got my tallies placed again by the Commissioners, I sold +them for five hundred pounds less than my assignments to Alderman +Buckwell, who gave me ready money, and I put it out upon a mortgage of +Sir Richard Ayloff's estate, in Essex, at Braxted. + +In 1668, I hired a house and ground, of sixty pounds a year, at +Hartingfordbury, in Hertfordshire, to be near my father, being but two +miles from Balls, both because I would have my father's company, and +because the air was very good for my children; but when God took my +father, I let my time in it, and never saw it more. + +About this time Sir Philip Warwick retired himself from public +business, to his house at Frogpool, in Kent; his son and daughter-in- +law lived with him some time, until this year, 1669, they went into +France. She was the daughter and coheir of the Lord Freschville. + +In my brother Warwick's house, in London, in 1666, died my sister +Bedell, and was carried down into Huntingdonshire, to Hamerton, and +was there buried by her husband in the chancel. She was a most worthy +woman, and eminently good, wise, and handsome; she never much enjoyed +herself since the death of her eldest daughter, who married Sir +Francis Compton, and, in her right, he had Hamerton, in +Huntingdonshire. She died five years before my sister, a most dutiful +daughter, and a very fine-bred lady, and excellent company, and very +virtuous. + +About this time died my brother Lord Fanshawe's widow. She was a very +good wife and tender mother, but else nothing extraordinary. She was +buried in the vault of her husband's family in Ware church. Within a +year after this, his son, Lord Fanshawe, sold Ware Park for 26,000 +pounds to Sir Thomas Byde, a brewer, of London. + +Thus, in the fourth generation, the chief of our family, since they +came into the south, for their sufferings for the Crown, sold the +flower of their estates, and near 2000 pounds a year more. There +remains but the Remembrancer's place of the Exchequer office: and very +pathetical is the motto of our arms for us--'The victory is in the +Cross.' [Footnote: "In Cruce Victoria." Another motto of the Fanshawe +family was, "Dux vitae ratio." Of these mottoes a Correspondent in the +Gentleman's Magazine for July 1796, tells the following story. "When +Sir Richard was ambassador, and was travelling in Spain, in an English +carriage, with his arms upon it, surrounded by the two mottoes +belonging to them--Dux vitae Ratio--In Cruce Victoria; a crowd of +peasants gathering round the unusual sight of so many foreigners, in a +town where they stopped for refreshment, were very anxious with a +priest, who happened to be amongst them, for an explanation of the +Latin, which being beyond his skill, he informed them that the coach +belonged to the Duke of Vitae Ratio, who had done great things for the +Cross."] + +I had, about this time, some trouble with keeping the lordships of +Tring and Hitching, which your father held of the Queen-Mother; but I +not being able to make a considerable advantage of them, gave them up +again: and then I sold a lease of the Manor of Burstalgarth, which was +granted for thirty-one years to your father from the King. Dean Hicks +bought it, it being convenient for him, lying upon Humber. There was a +widow, one Mrs. Hiliard, hired this manor, and had so done long. She +was very earnest to buy it at a very under rate. When she saw it sold, +she, as was suspected, fired the house, which was burnt down to the +ground within two months after I had sold it. + +In this year my brother Harrison married the eldest daughter of the +Lord Viscount Grandison. I let in this year a lease of eleven years of +Fanton Hall, in Essex, to Jonathan Wier, which I held of the Bishopric +of London: this lease was bought the first year the King came home, of +Doctor Sheldon, then Bishop of London, who was exceeding kind to us, +and sold it for half the worth, which I will ever acknowledge with +thankfulness. + +My dear father departed this life, upon the 28th of September, 1670, +being above eighty years of age, in perfect understanding, God be +praised! He left five hundred pounds to every one of my four +daughters; and gave me three thousand pounds for a part of the manor +of Scallshow, near Lynn, in Norfolk, but the year before he died, to +make my sister Harrison a jointure. The 11th I christened the eldest +daughter of my brother Harrison, with Lord Grandison, and Sir Edmund +Turner. + +The death of my father made so great an impression on me, that with +the grief, I was sick half a year almost to death; but through God's +mercy, and the care of Doctor Jasper Needham, a most worthy and +learned physician, I recovered; and as soon as I was able to think of +business, I bought ground in St. Mary's Chapel, in Ware Church, of the +Bishop of London, and there made a vault for my husband's body, which +I had there laid by most of the same persons that laid him before in +my father's vault, in Hertford Church deposited, until I could make +this vault and monument, which cost me two hundred pounds; and here, +if God pleases, I intend to lie myself. + +He had the good fortune to be the first chosen, and the first returned +member of the Commons' House of Parliament, in England, after the King +came home; and this cost him no more than a letter of thanks, and two +brace of bucks, and twenty broad pieces of gold to buy them wine. Upon +St. Stephen's day the King shut the + + + + +EXTRACTS + +FROM THE + +CORRESPONDENCE + +OF + +SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE + +ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE MEMOIR + + +The Letters from which part of the following Extracts have been taken, +were printed in 1701, under the title of "Original Letters of his +Excellency Sir Richard Fanshawe, during his Embassies in Spain and +Portugal; which, together with divers Letters and Answers from the +Chief Ministers of State of England, Spain, and Portugal, contain the +whole negociations of the treaty of Peace between those three Crowns." +8vo, pp. 510. + +The remainder are now printed, for the first time, from the rough +copies of the originals, or the originals themselves, preserved in the +Harleian MS. 7010, in the British Museum. + +Although these Extracts were chiefly made with the view of +illustrating the statements in the Memoir, nearly every passage has +been copied from the Correspondence which is of the slightest general +interest, unconnected with political affairs. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, p 152.] + +On Board his Majesty's Admiral, entering the Bay of Cadiz, Wednesday +about noon, 24th of February, 1669, English style. + +"By former advertisements, I presume his Majesty, from you, hath +understood how, after sharp storms and cross winds, with the first +favourable breath we adventured to put to sea a third time, and out of +Torbay the second, upon Monday the 15th instant, at nine of the clock +at night; from whence in so few days, as appears by computation, to +the time of the date hereof, and with the most auspicious weather that +could be imagined, we were all arrived thus far, in perfect health and +safety; where perceiving some sailors steering towards us, which we +took to be English, and homewards bound, I thought it my duty, en +duda, to prepare hastily, thus much only, against we speak with them +in passage; which may suffice at present, from him who knows no more +as yet." + +Original Letters of Sir Richard Fanshawe, p. 30. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 153.] + +Cadiz, February 29, 1663/March 10, 1664. + +My last of the 29th of February, English style, (which yet cannot go +sooner than this, having not met with the present opportunity of +conveyance I then expected,) advertised your honour we were just then +entering this bay, after a brief and very fair passage from Torbay. + +The same evening we came to anchor at some distance from this city, +intending, God willing, the next day, 6th instant, to come on shore; +but a strong Levant rising, not only that was impossible, but even for +any to come to me from the land. + +The next morning, 7th, our ships weighing, made a hard shift to get +into the port, and I from thence a harder to land in boats. The Duke +of Medina Celi, in the interim, having complimented me aboard, by a +Caballero de el Habito, with a letter from Port S. Mary, and in person +from this city the deputed governor of this town, Don Diego de Ibarra, +both of them, as by a general order from his Catholic Majesty, which +they had had some weeks by them in case of my arrival here, in virtue +whereof somewhat more than ordinary salutes were given by this city to +his Majesty's Ambassador and fleet; also a house ready furnished for +me, whereunto I was very honourably conducted, with appearance of +universal joy, and there visited the same day by the Duke of +Albuquerque, the Cabildo, and all the nobles and principal gentlemen +here residing. My table, the governor signified, was to be at my own +finding, yet that I must not refuse to accept of the first meal from +him; of the former I was very glad, as enjoying thereby a liberty +which I preferred to any delicacies whatsoever upon free cost; the +latter, I was not at all nice to receive for once. But I had not been +three hours on shore, when an Extraordinary arrived from Madrid, with +more particular orders than formerly from his Catholic Majesty, +importing, that our Master's fleet, when arrived, and this Ambassador, +should be presaluted from the city, in a manner unexampled to others, +and which should not be drawn into example hereafter. Moreover, and +this so likewise, that I and all my company must be totally defrayed, +both here and all the way up to Madrid, upon his Catholic Majesty's +account; with several other circumstances of particular esteem for our +Royal Master above all the world besides. The substance of all hath +been related to me, and the effects declare it; but a copy of the +order itself I have not as yet been able to obtain though desired, it +being the style not to communicate it without leave from above, and +out of the Secretary of State, else I should have thought it my duty +to remit it unto his Majesty from hence, and shall from thence if I +get it. + +The first night the keys of the city were brought to me in a great +silver basin, by the governor, which, after several refusals, I took +and put into the right hands; then the governor forced me to give him +the word, which, after like refusals, I did, and was Viva el Rey +Catolico. + +At supper, he and his Lady would bear me and my wife company, which I +accepting as a great favour, told him my wife should eat with her +Ladyship, retired from the men, after the Spanish fashion, it being +more than sufficient, they would not think strange, we used the +innocent freedom of our own when we were among ourselves. But by no +means, that he would not suffer; and to keep us the more in +countenance, alleged this manner of eating to be now the custom of +many of the greatest families of Spain, and had been from all +antiquity to this day of the majestical House of Alva; the generosity +whereof, particularly in the person of the present duke, he took this +occasion to celebrate very highly. So, in fine, he had his will of me +in this particular. + +As the Duke of Albuquerque, newly created Generalissimo of the Ocean, +and very shortly going to enjoy that high puesto at his ease in the +Court, where he is likewise Gentilhombre de la Camara--had done to me +before, so yesterday his Duchess and their daughter, (married to his +own brother, to keep up the name, for want of issue male,) both vastly +rich in jewels, as lately returned from the viceroyship of Mexico, so +full as to refuse that of Peru, in consequence of the other, began an +obliging visit of many hours to my wife; both of the above-named Dukes +and Duchess, whether by letter and message, as the Duke of Medina, or +in person, as the other, treating us both to a full equality in all +respects. + +I had forgot to specify, as I may have done several other remarkable +points of respect to his Majesty's Ambassador, how one part of this +King's last order was, that for more honour and security, a guard of +soldiers, with a captain of it, should be night and day in my house; +which is practised where I now am, and, as I understood it, is to be +in like manner in all towns of note; a person of quality, by the same +royal command, conducting me from one to another. + +All this ceremony, I hope, is not instead of substance; for then it +would prove very tedious and irksome to me indeed; but an earnest and +prognostic of it, which time will try when I come to treat.--Ibid. p. +31. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, pp. 159-166.] + +Seville, March 23, 1663, + 2 April, 1664 + +Pursuing my journal, from the date of my last to you from Cadiz, Feb. +29th, 1663/March 10th, 1664 you may be pleased to understand that, +March 3/13, the old Governor, D. Ant. Pimentel, returned thither, +surprising me with a visit in my house before he would enter into his +own, or had any notice of his landing; the cause of his suspension +having been only that which I then signified, and as powerfully +removed at Court by a letter from the Duke de Medina Celi to his +Catholic Majesty in his defence, as it seemed to have been laid on +with a very good will by the Duke of Albuquerque; the letter I have +seen, wanting neither rhetoric, logic, nor assurance. + +6/16, (of the same.) The said Don Antonio treated me and all my +company with splendour and magnificence, borrowing us for that dinner +from the King's entertainment. + +The 9/19. Himself in person accompanied me to Port St. Mary, my first +step towards Madrid, and had been my first landing-place, as nearest +and of most convenience, if it had not been signified to me by +message, that I must not waive Cadiz, where all things were orderly +prepared for my reception, from whence also I pressed to have removed +sooner; but that the Duke of Medina intimated his desire of the +contrary, as not till then so well prepared for my entertainment as +his Excellency intended to be; and in particular, because a rich +gondola, built purposely, said they, for the wafting over of Princes, +had some days' work to do about it, before it could be fitted for my +transportation. + +Arrived therein at Port St. Mary, the Duke, with all his family and +vassals, (that city being his patrimony,) met me at the landing-place, +whence, with coaches, and vollies of shot by many troops, not upon the +King's pay but his own, for so his Excellency then told me, he +conducted me to a very fair house, prepared by his care, and furnished +with the richest of what he had for his own palace moreover, under his +Excellency's proper inspection against my coming from Cadiz, whence, +having been there revisited at parting by the Duke of Albuquerque, and +all other who had visited me at my arrival, I was dismissed with great +and small shot from the town, and in like manner saluted in my passage +by the Spanish Armada, and all other ships in the bay, as well Spanish +as strangers, Van Tromp riding there at the same time with his +squadron. The rest of my entertainment at Port St. Mary was +proportionable to the beginning, and there also the Duke of Medina +gave me one treat at his own palace. The civilities to me of the +Marquis of Bayona, Gentleman of the Galleys of Spain, the constant +station thereof is there, and of his lady to my wife, inheritrix or +the Marquisate of Santa Cruz, and so of a Grandeeship, noted likewise +for eminent virtue and education at Court, came nothing behind; but +these two great men cannot set their horses together. + +On Monday, March 14/24, I was accompanied out of the city of Port by +the Duke of Medina, Don Antonio de Pimentel, who had never left me +till then, being one, and the Marquis of Bayona, with his Lady, +planting his coach upon the way-side, beyond the place where the Duke +took leave. I came that night to Xerez de la Frontera; met and +welcomed before our approaching to the city by the magistrates thereof +and principal gentlemen, that is all, with many troops of soldiers, +and shoals of common people. The next day, treated in the interim, and +then dismissed as before at the other two places, I arrived and lodged +at Lebrija. The next at Utrera; met about a league short, by order of +the Conde de Molina, Assistente de Sevilla, with a troop of horse, and +by Don Lope de Mendoza, Alguazil, mayor of the city, as Teniente del +Duque de Alcal, proprietor by inheritance of that office, the said Don +Lope being, by the same order, to conduct me as far as Cordova. + +The next day, 16/26 of March, accompanied with the same troop and +conductor, we set forth for Seville; but this small stream soon lost +itself, when, about the distance before named it fell into a torrent +of people of all sorts and degrees, both military and civil, which, +together with the Conde Assistente, rushed out to receive and conduct +me to the King's palace, or Alcazar, which accordingly was done. +Churches, streets, inhabitants, river, places much noted at all times, +setting now upon this occasion the best side outward to express a +pride in their joy of a hoped perfect correspondence with England. + +Here, at my arrival, I found lying for me, in the hand of a servant of +the Duke of Medina de las Torres, a letter from his Excellency, of +high welcome to Spain, and no less respect. Here, since my arrival, +besides a perpetual court of company and entertainments of the best +above stairs, and ranks of soldiers, with multitudes of others below, +upon my account, in this famous palace of the King, where I am lodging +in his Majesty's own bedchamber, as royally furnished as when himself +was in it, visits I have received in form from their Excellency the +City, by their Representatives; from their Senoria the Audiencia, by +their Regente; from their Senoria the Contratacion House, by their +Presidente; and from his Illustrissima the Archbishop, being at +present sick, by message; all which I have repaid respectively; and +tomorrow, God willing, set forth towards Cordova; perceiving +beforehand that my salida will be proportionable to my entrada. The +conclusion I make of the whole is, 'thus shall it be done to the man +whom the King our Master is pleased to honour,' and the King of Spain, +for his Majesty's sake, as far as outward ceremony can testify it; +well, hoping that neither his Majesty, nor any other at home, will +apprehend I take aught of this as done to my person, or for any thing +of intrinsic value supposed to be in me, but merely as I bear my +master's image and superscription; his Majesty's prerogative shining +the more therein, by how much the metal on which he is stamped hath +less of value in itself. Not a compliment, which will be always a +saucy thing, as well as impertinent, with a man's prince; but a sober +and natural inference, at least so understood by such as could wish it +were otherwise.--Ibid. p. 36. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, pp, 167, 168.] + +Cordova, 29 March/7 April, 1664. + +My last journal--such I call all letters of mine as related only to +my motions towards Madrid--with something of the splendid and +ceremonious entertainment of his Majesty's Ambassador, from place to +place, more or less as the places themselves are more or less eminent +and plentiful, was dated at Seville, 23 Mart, 1663/2 Aprilis, 1664 and +figured _I_. + +The next day, according to the account I then made, departed from +Seville, accompanied out of the city about a mile by the Conde +Assistente, and divers other of the nobility and gentry of that place, +and was guarded by foot soldiers quite through the city, with colours +displayed, and abased as I passed by, and muskets discharged; a +company of foot having been upon my guard all the while I stayed +there, as in all other places of note. + +That night I came to Carmona, a city formerly considerable for the +lofty situation, strong, and pleasant palace there of the Kings of +Castile, and were the last which held out for Don Pedro the Cruel; +both the one and the other now ruinous enough. About half a league +short thereof, I was met by the magistrates and gentry of the place, +and by them conducted to my lodging; having placed a company of foot +at the entrance into the town, who discharged their muskets, &c. + +From Carmona, the next day, to Fuentes; a very pleasant and healthful +small town, from whence the Marquis, uncle to the now Duke Medina +Sidonia, had his title. From Fuentes, the next day, to Ezija; which, +in respect of the great heats thereof at some times, is called 'the +Frying-pan of Andaluzia,' yet we, upon the 5th of April, their style, +found it cold enough. I was there very civilly and splendidly lodged +and entertained for two days; being, indeed, an extraordinary place. +Our company and cattle harassed; and foreseeing we must make a halt at +Cordova till the Holy Week, now begun, were past, and therefore to no +purpose to hurry thither. + +From Ezija, 28 March/7th April, I arrived at Cordova, where now I am: +where also my reception without this most ancient and famous city, by +the Corregidor and gentry thereof, the flower of all Spain for +extraction and civility, was, and our lodging and treatment of all +sorts within is, and is like to be, do what we can, and the Lent +season too, to avoid and qualify it, such as will require a letter +apart, and more lines therein, to abbreviate it only, than the +feasting and pastimes themselves will probably allow me leisure for +whilst I am here; and therefore I must defer that to another +occasion.--Ibid. p. 44. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET + +[See MEMOIRS, pp. 168-170.] + +Ballecas, one league from Madrid, 7th May, 1664, stilo loci. + +My last from Cordova, 29th of March, N. S. 7th of April, carried on +the journal of my great reception and entertainment in my way up to +Madrid, to the day of the date thereof. + +What was afterwards in the same city, whilst I remained there, which +was until Tuesday in Easter Week--because those gentlemen would needs +make the King of England's Ambassador a fiesta of canas upon the +Monday, at the rate of taking up their horses from verde, [Footnote: +i.e., From grass. ] on purpose for it; and since, in all other places +proportionably, particularly in Toledo, where there was another fiesta +of bulls given, was every way rather exceeding than inferior to any +thing that was elsewhere before, until my safe arrival at this very +place, which I reckon my journey's end; and by earnest suit to this +Court from Seville, did obtain it might be so esteemed by them; +leaving me here to my own expense and disposal, although I have as yet +no house provided for me in Madrid; notwithstanding all diligence +towards it by the Aposentadores there, upon the King's special +command, and also by such private persons as I myself have employed +not to stick at any just rate for a good one, upon my particular +account, with advance of a year's rent in plata doble, and so to be +continued, as long as the house should be used by me, upon merchant +security: such a dearth there is really of accommodations of this +nature for the present, and for a long time hath been; yet there want +not descants, that there is some great mystery of state in the matter, +which doubtless will fly as far as Paris, if not reach London. + +POSTSCRIPT.--Since my arrival in this village, and that my present +want of a house in Madrid is more murmured at there than needs, +considering the King is absent, and moreover, though I am much +straitened in matter of lodgings, yet that I have a very large and +pleasant garden thereunto belonging, to expatiate and refresh myself +and wearied family in, I received a message from Baron Battevil to +this effect, besides general tenders of all manner of service which is +in his power; that he is at present (as in truth he is) sick, or else +would have waited upon me himself in person; but that he will with all +his heart quit his house to me--which I am told is a very fine one, as +he hath made it, with chargeable additions of his own, in the midst of +the Calle de Alcala, with a fair garden to it, and that it is no +compliment at all. This I have thought reasonable to advertise in +England, though not to accept.--Ibid. p.63-66. + + + + +FROM THE DUKE DE MEDINA DE LAS TORRES, +TO SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. + +Madrid, 27th of May, 1664. + +"The Bull-feast will be on Thursday next; and by reason that your +Excellency seems desirous to be a spectator incognito, I have taken +care to procure you a shady balcony in the first story. I have +likewise ordered a window to be secured for your Excellency's retinue. +If there be anything more wherein I can serve your Excellency, I hope +you will freely command it, as I shall be always forward to serve you. +God keep your Excellency, and grant you the long life I desire."-- +Ibid. p. 86. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Ballecas, 18/28 May, 1664. + +The Duke of Aveiro had recovered, by final sentence, the 17th of May, +the two dukedoms of Maqueda and Najara. Maqueda he hath; for Najara he +hath not yet sued, but keeps it in the decks: then Maqueda is a great +deal better worth than I thought, valued by some at sixty thousand +ducats per annum, at forty thousand generally; and moreover his +sister, (as a domestic, who you know, of that family, tells me,) as a +consequent of the late sentence, will recover for, or towards, her +dowry, a deposited arrear of between three or four hundred thousand +ducats. She was lately, in all appearance, very near marriage with the +heir of the Conde de Oropesa; but quite broke off before this +sentence, upon point of alimony, and liberty of rewarding her own +attendants out of her own estate, in case of future dissension. I am +particular in the domestic concernments of this family when they come +in my way, though the passages relate nothing of interest of state, in +regard to that esteem or their persons, [Footnote: The following +passage occurs in Sir Richard's instructions: "You shall visit, in our +name, the Duke of Aveiro and his sister, assuring them of our +friendship and particular concernments for their persons, for the name +and royal blood of which they are descended, and promising them all +effects of it in our power, especially if the agreement between the +two Crowns give us an opportunity to have any part in the restitution +of their estates, with all other good offices, which shall happen to +be in our power."--Ibid. p. 17.] which his Majesty's instruction to me +on that behalf doth express, and knowing yourself to be particularly +an honourer of them. + +Upon the 22nd current, Ascension-day at night, [Footnote: In 1664 +Ascension-day fell on the NINETEENTH of May] after a play in the +palace, upon a slight occasion of snappish words, unless there were +something of old grudge or rivalship in the case, the Marquis of +Albersan, challenging Don Domingo Guzman, and he fought under the +palace, near the Marquis de Castel Rodrigo's house in the Florida, +where Don Domingo gave the Marquis that whereof he died. The next +morning they that knew the Marquis to be so near and dear to the Conde +de Castrillo as he was, and knew Don Domingo to be the Duke of St. +Lucar's son, knowing withal how well that Conde and Duke do love one +another, and how they do both divide the Spanish world between them in +power, will conclude this private accident hath an influence upon the +public; indeed so great a one, as hath seemed for some days past to +make a vacation in Court, that I may not call it an inter-reign, or +the dividing of a kingdom against itself. + +For since, and upon, this accident, all seems of a light flame between +these duumviri, to so high a degree, that each crossing whatsoever the +other promotes, the most of others of quality take sides, and such as +appear neuters with the monarchy a monopoly in either of their hands; +weeping over the graves of the Conde, Duque, and Don Luis de Haro, +because they were absolute and sole favourites in their generations; +attributing to this very cause the seeming disproportion, if not +contradiction, between my reception in, and conduction from, Cadiz, +hitherto, and now my long demurrage so near the Court, for want of a +house in it, and prophesying already that this animosity and emulation +will gangrene into the substance, as well as accidents, of my embassy. + +I do not here pretend to paint unto his Majesty the state of Spain, +but the populace of it; asking more time, by a great number of years, +to understand the former, though but in a competent measure, than I +hope his Majesty will give me: and if his Majesty would, God will not. +I have learned by the yet invincible ignorance of some Foreign +Ambassadors to England (an open-breasted country!--how apt they are to +mistake), who (begging the question, in the first place, of their own +personal abilities) can never be convinced that Mas vee el loco en su +casa, que el cuerdo en la agena.--Whilst I am writing, I am called to +entertain the Count de Marcin, [Footnote: John Gasper Ferdinand de +Marcin, Count de Graville, Marquis de Claremont d'Antrague, &c., +Captain-General of the Spanish Service, was Lieutenant-General of +Charles the Second's forces by sea and land, and was elected a Knight +of the Garter in 1658.] who is upon the way from Madrid to find me out +in this obscurity, contrary to the style of Spain, but suitable to the +freedom of a soldier, and of a subject of his Majesty, as to his most +noble Sovereignty of the Garter.--Ibid. p. 90. + + + + +TO HIS EXCELLENCY DENZILL LORD HOLLES, +AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY IN THE COURT OF FRANCE. +FOR HIS MAJESTY'S SPECIAL SERVICE. + +[See MEMOIRS, pp. 170, 171] + +Madrid, June 10/20, 1664. + +MY LORD, + +After a long progress from Cadiz to Ballecas, a village one league +distant from this Court, and almost as long a parenthesis there--which +the French Court will say was no elegant piece of oratory, nor the +middle at all proportionable to the beginning with me, whatever the +end may prove--upon the 8th instant I arrived happily at my journey's +end howsoever; where, as speedily then as myself could possibly in any +measure be ready for it, namely, upon the 18th, both stilo loci, I +received my public audience of entrada at the King's palace, in the +same form, neither more or less, as my predecessors have ever done; +and only two days having since intervened, as by the account doth +appear, within two or three more from the date of this, the King +removing to-day unto the Buen Retiro, I do expect my first private +audience. + +Being thus fixed, after long running, in the centre of my negotiation, +I do presume to beg from your Excellency, and hereby to begin on my +part, a mutual correspondence; first in order to the service of our +Royal master, whereunto we are both obliged in common; secondly, to +that of your Excellency, whereunto myself in particular. + +To begin with what concerns my embassy, being so much a fresh man as +your Excellency sees I am in this Court, visible it is by what +proceeds, I can as yet have nothing to descant or touch upon, but +matter of ceremony only from and towards me, divisible into two +considerations; the first, in reference to the past, of which I have +already said the same hath been, as from, and to, other Ambassadors, +in all this and all other ages; the second, in reference to the +present concurring Ambassadors, and other public ministers of this +Court; and now upon this branch I shall, with your Excellency's +patience, if I may presume so much, dilate myself so far as to the +heads only of what hath past, in fact, as followeth. + +I need not tell your Excellency, because it differs not from the +custom of all or most Courts, until abuses thereof enforced an +alteration in some, that in this, always heretofore, Ambassadors and +other Foreign Ministers upon the place, did send their families to +accompany new comers to their first public audience, and this went +round. Therefore, accordingly, I was now, in my turn, to expect this +function towards me, as I did. The Master of the Ceremonies thereupon, +who is a man new in his place, advertised me in writing, that this, +since Henry the Eighth's time, was never practised to, nor by, +Ambassadors of England. Finding this matter of fact utterly mistaken, +I replied. Soon after he brought me a message from the King, that I +should not expect this ceremony; but still upon the same misgrounded +supposition, therefore unto this likewise I replied. Finally, his +Majesty, having weighed my last reply, by the Secretary of State for +the North, Don Blasco de Loyola, coming to my house the evening before +my audience, signified to me, that for certain reasons, whatsoever was +heretofore in practice of that kind, it must thenceforward be no more, +from or towards English, or any Ambassador whatsoever in this Court, +the which being his Majesty's own order, in his own kingdom, and +equally indifferent to all, my answer to the Secretary was--That for +the present I saw no further cause of reply, but would and did submit +thereunto. + +The like signification was at the same time sent to all other +Ambassadors and Foreign Ministers here that they would not send, the +which, in compliance therewith, they forbear, all but the French, who +upon the very morning, the hour of my audience approaching, sent four +of his gentlemen, with one of his coaches, to accompany me. The +Marquis de Malpica, mayor-domo of the week, and Captain of the German +guard, in behalf of the Marquis of Salinas, proprietor thereof, +happening to be my conductor, with his guard, did a little expostulate +with those gentlemen, why they came contrary to his Majesty's order; +who replied, their Lord did receive no orders but from his own master, +who had sent him very strict ones to perform, I think he said this +office in particular, at least, in general, all offices of amity to +the Ambassador of the King of England, his Christian Majesty's most +dear brother and ally. In fine, accompany me they did, and very +civilly comported themselves, both unto the palace, which was +customary, but now forbid, and home again, which was never done +before, by the family of any Ambassador, to any other whatsoever in +this Court. They did insist that their Ambassador's coach should +precede my second coach, which was not denied them, being a civil +expedient practised in all or most other courts; the ordinary style of +this, and practised, by these individual French themselves towards +public ministers of the lowest rank, as they avowed to me the same +morning, in the presence both of the Marquis and the Master of +Ceremonies, and expressly a majori, that whenever I should send in the +like case to accompany a new comer from France, the same measure would +never be scrupled towards me. + +For this obliging piece of gallantry to the King of England's +Ambassador, endeared by the singularity, by the opposition of the +Spanish Court, and by the supererogation of his followers extending it +in part beyond the example of others, when the same was in custom, I +wrote my thanks yesterday unto his Excellency, who answered, that if +he had not had the orders of the King his master to pay me the +respects he did, it would have sufficed for obliging him thereunto, to +know that the King of England's Mother is his Master's Aunt. My Lord, +there are in this Court, who seem of opinion, that this excess of +courtesy from the French Ambassador, is not sound within, looking one +way and rowing another; which, say they, will shortly appear. For my +own part, I am quite of another mind; and hitherto I am sure, in +farther demonstrations of kindness and civility, he followeth suit +with the forwardest, if in that he was the single unfollowed +precedent. I am, my Lord, your Excellency's most faithful, and ever +most obedient Servant, RICHARD FANSHAWE.--Ibid. p. 106. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 171 and p. 175.] + +Madrid, Wednesday, the 15th June, 1664, English Style. + +"I write this, being just now returned from my first private audience +of his Catholic Majesty, which was given me in the Buen Retiro, and +therein did deliver myself in the sense of my instructions and +directions; not in many words, because the King's weak state of body +will not allow it; but with much plainness and humble freedom, +concerning the languishing and desperate condition in which the peace +and commerce between the Crowns and nations have long lain gasping, +and expecting an utter dissolution, by frequent violations of articles +in several manners."--Ibid, p. 113. + +Madrid, Wednesday, 25th June, 1664. + +In the first place, having procured his Catholic Majesty to be +prepared to expect it, I delivered myself in English, and in the +express words of my instructions, only changing the person, as +followeth, viz. + +'The most Serene King of Great Britain, my Master, hath charged me, +after kissing your Majesty's feet with due reverence, to represent +unto your Catholic Majesty, that some unhappy accidents intervening, +have occasioned his not performing this part towards your Majesty +sooner, in return of those congratulatory embassies which your most +Serene Majesty sent unto him immediately upon his late happy +restoration to his kingdoms. His most Serene Majesty commanded me to +add farther, that neither those accidents, nor any other, of what +nature soever, have been, or can be able, to lessen his esteem of your +royal person and friendship, or the obligations he had to your most +Serene Majesty in the time of his adversity; and that therefore your +Majesty may assure yourself, that his Majesty will be ready in all +times to make proportionable returns.' + +With this, and the delivering to his Catholic Majesty, first my Latin +credential, then the respects of the whole Royal Family of England, in +general words, and particularly a letter from his Royal Highness; +also, his Majesty's leave first asked, presenting my comrades one +after another to do their obeisance, I made my retreat in the +accustomed manner. + +The like respectively, immediately after, in the Queen's side, to her +Majesty, unto whom I presented his Majesty's letter, and afterwards +two others from their Royal Highnesses; then a compliment to the +Empress, so treated as to title, but ranked as to place, because not +yet espoused beneath the Queen her mother, and would have been also, +(had his Highness been there present, as was intended, but that it +proved either his sleeping or eating hour,) beneath her brother the +Prince; all which seemed very graciously accepted; and here no English +at all was spoken. Lastly, a dumb show of salute, as you know the +custom to be, after the Queen and Empress, to every particular dame; +and in the close of this ceremony, as well towards their Majesties as +the ladies, my comrades had all of them leave to follow me. + +The evening, and near that time it was before we had gotten home and +eaten our breakfast, was wholly spent by me in expected visits to the +Duke of Medina de las Torres, and the rest of the Council, the +President of Castile (quatenus such) only excepted by me, as likewise +by all other Ambassadors of the first class used to be. This is the +reason why, for haste, having only a piece of the night for my own +before the post departs, I write to you bare matter of fact in this +misshapen way hitherto; and in another point, perhaps of more import +in the consequence than all the rest, I must be forced, for the same +reason, to go yet less, only touching thereupon very briefly for the +present. + +You well know a custom of this Court, and I believe of most others +likewise, till abuses thereof enforced an alteration in some, that +Ambassadors and other Foreign Ministers upon the place, send their +families to accompany any new comers to their first public audience; +and this went round, Accordingly, I was now to expect this function +towards me, as I did. + +[Sir Richard then repeats precisely what he stated in his Letter to +Lord Holles.--See pages 254, 255] + +So that hitherto, as to this action, they can have nothing to boast +of, but an excess of civility towards the crown of England, or the +person of our Royal Master. In return whereunto, his Majesty, in my +humble opinion, will think fit to command me, or whosoever shall +succeed me, to perform the same office towards the successor of this +French Ambassador. As to both points, which make it worthy of peculiar +estimation, that is to say, with an exception in this one particular +only, though his Catholic Majesty should continue his present general +rule to the contrary; and although also, even whilst his compliment +was generally practised, it was not by any extended so far as to +accompany any Ambassador back to his house; and this the rather, if it +shall be found that the French Ambassador, conforming hereafter to the +general rule, as to all others, shall have made the English Ambassador +his single exception in the case. The experiment will now soon be +made, a new Venetian Ambassador being daily expected here; though +possibly he may not have his audience so very soon after, but that, in +the interim, I may, upon this clear, though brief, stating of all +actions and circumstances to me, as yet appear above ground in this +matter, receive his Majesty's particular directions and cautions how +to carry myself in all events, the which I am exceedingly desirous of; +and, in default thereof, will, with all fidelity, proceed and work +according to the best of my understanding. + +If it be not already clear enough from the premises, you may be +pleased to take notice, that no one stranger went with me but those +French in the Ambassador's coach, which, without any least dispute +whatsoever, did give place to my principal coach, as mine did to that +which brought the Marquis, being the King's proper coach, a thing not +formerly usual upon these occasions.--Ibid. p. 117. + + + + +SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE TO THE FRENCH AMBASSADOR. + +I humbly thank your Excellency for the civility you showed to the +King my Master, and the honour you did me, in sending your coach and +domestics to accompany my entry; and whereof I retain so lively a +sense, that I am just going to acquaint my Master with it, not +doubting in the least but it will meet with that esteem from him which +your Excellency so highly deserves. My instructions, indeed, were to +observe a more than ordinary intimacy and amity with your Excellency +at this Court, which I shall always continue to do, and whereby I +imagine we may not a little contribute towards the good and welfare of +both kingdoms. I kiss your Excellency's hands, and wish you a long and +prosperous life, being, My Lord, + +Your Excellency's most obliged and most humble servant, + +RICHARD FANSHAWE.--Ibid. p. 123. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Madrid, 2 July, 1664, Stilo Loci. + +The herewith enclosed papers do contain my complaint of a studied +neglect put by a Venetian Ambassador, whom I found in this Court ready +to depart the same within a short time, upon the Ambassador of the +King of England, in not giving me a visit either of welcome or +farewell, as the custom of this and all other Courts do require in the +like case; the which I have thought it my precise duty to represent to +the King our Master, as knowing how highly the like neglect in the +Court of England, by a Venetian Ambassador also, with others, towards +an Ambassador, but of a Duke of Savoy, was resented; his then Majesty +himself, in his Princely judgment, condemning the omission, as will +here appear in the first place. + +And lest this Venetian Ambassador should justify himself in this +towards me, as pretending to be aggrieved by me, because I am entitled +by his Catholic Majesty to the house of the Seven Chimeneas, which he +was possessed of, and endeavoured to entail the same upon his +successor, both against the decree of his Majesty and the consent of +the owner, I having both, I do likewise herewith, in the following +papers, make it clearly appear, that I did neither think of that +individual house, till it was already embargoed for me, nor pursue it +afterwards, as most men but myself would have done, being so destitute +of conveniences of dwelling as I then was, and yet am, merely out of a +respect I bear to the character of an Ambassador. So that, even in +this particular, which is all the colour he can have for excuse of not +visiting, I have just cause of a second complaint, but this second I +totally let pass. + +The other being much taken notice of by this Court as a matter of a +more public nature, I humbly submit it to his Majesty's consideration, +whether, in his Royal wisdom, he may not think fit to expostulate it +with the Senate of Venice; in the mean time, his successor being +arrived, I intend to send just such a message to him as his +predecessor did to me; but have already declared, with the seeming +approbation of all, that I will never give to, nor receive a visit +from, this, or any Venetian Ambassador whatsoever, that shall be in +this Court while I remain here, unless the King my Master, being +applied to by the Republic, shall command it.--Ibid. p. 129. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Madrid, Thursday, 28th July, 1664, English Style. + +You proceed expressing your gladness to hear I was housed in Madrid, +upon which, after my humble thanks for the favour, I must needs +observe the expression was very happy, if you rightly understand my +case, and happier if you understand it not. Housed I have been here, +that is, under a roof, these two months, making a shift with an upper +quarter; such a one, indeed, as the Duke of St. German contained +himself and family in; but a house I never had till this morning, then +I had delivered into my possession the Casa de las siete Chimeneas. + +This house was defended, for the space of time I have mentioned, +against the King of Spain, and all his Aposentadores, [Footnote: +Aposentadores are persons belonging to the Household, whose duties +resemble those of the Harbingers in that of the Kings of England, +namely, to provide lodgings on his journies or progresses. The office +of Aposentador-Mayor is one of great honour and dignity.] by two +Venetian Ambassadors successively; the first was really leaving it +without any thought, as I am assured, of asking it for his successor; +then the Duke of Medina de las Torres, when I never dreamed of it, and +was in pursuit of another, procured it to be embargoed for me in +reversion; this the Venetian apprehends an affront to him and his +Republic; and whiles off the time of his stay here, to his great +inconvenience, in respect of the advancing heats and otherwise, till +he had got his successor up to him, marching furiously, who, contrary +to the King and Council's expectation and express decree, doth +amanecer in the Seven Chimeneas, fortifying himself there with his +privilege of Ambassador, and makes it point of reputation so to do +(patriaeq. suaeq.); in this security his predecessor leaves him about +six weeks since, not to be removed with all the King and the Duke have +been able to do, without imposition of hands, till the last night. + +I dare confidently say nothing hath troubled both the Ambassadors so +much in this whole business, as that they could never draw me in to +make myself a party in the dispute; for as, at the first, I never +asked that individual house; so when promised and decreed to me, I +never insisted upon it, provided some other convenient one were found +out for me, or that I myself could find out such a one for my money, +and, effectually, about a fortnight since, did contract, under hand +and seal, with the owner, for the entire house where I am, upon +condition the Court did approve thereof; but the Duke told me, that +must not be now, how well soever it might serve my turn, for the King +would be obeyed in his own kingdom, and the Venetian should out. Upon +the whole, all circumstances which I have seen, considered, it is to +me apparent enough, that these Ambassadors of Venice, in this contest, +did nourish double ambition, either to carry the house against an +English Ambassador, or that an English Ambassador should carry it +against them; but my business throughout hath been never to come in +any competition or comparison with them. + +This story I have been the longer in, because the matter thereof hath +filled this Court, and may do some others, with as much noise, +expectation, and, I do believe, secret sidings too, as it had been +some very weighty interest of princes or states. + +The heats of this summer have risen here proportionable to what you +express of those in England. + + + + +"From a Letter to my Lord Holles, sent by mistake to my Lord +Ambassador Fanshawe." + +Whitehall, May 26, 1664. + +"It is truly observed by you, that Monsieur de Lionne doth you wrong +in not treating you with 'Excellency,' but then it is truly observed, +that that style is quite out of use in that Court, and so much, that +Frenchmen of any tolerable quality do not use it to their own +Ambassador here, or in any other Court."--Ibid. p. 141. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Madrid, Wednesday, ..th July, 1664. + +"Upon Sunday the 3d, stilo novo, of July, 1664, being the day of +celebrating the Empress's birth, I attended his Majesty with the +parabien; also, in the Queen's apartment, her Majesty, the Prince, and +Empress: it was the first time I had seen the Prince."--Ibid. p. 142. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Madrid, Friday the 12th of August, 1664, N.S. + +The design of the French courtesy in my public audience, even then +perceivable and perceived, is now full blown; that the King hath in +person expostulated with the Spanish Ambassador at Paris, why the King +his Master would offer, by an innovation in the Spanish Court at that +time, to bereave him, the said French King, of an opportunity of +vindicating his just precedence of the King of England, and in +pursuance thereof hath since sent letters to his Court to the same +effect, and to demand restitution of the former custom in first +entrances of Ambassadors from such others as they found here, which +demand this French Ambassador hath done and doth manage to that degree +of heat, with and in this Court, as, amongst other expressions, to +have plainly threatened, that if he were not satisfied in this point, +he would himself dispute the precedency with the Ambassador of the +Emperor, I cannot say with the Pope's Nuncio too, because that hath +not been told me, but the sequence is as if it had been so; for of +certain, both the Emperor's Ambassador and Pope's Nuncio, and more, if +not all, have addressed themselves to his Catholic Majesty, either by +word of mouth or memorial, or both, (the which I do rather believe,) +that since the French Ambassador did assume that liberty and privilege +to himself, as to send his coach and family to the English Ambassador, +contrary to the new order, it might be free for them to do the like to +all other hereafter. All these particulars I have had from the Duke de +Medina de las Torres; with this farther, that the French King enforced +his said demand with many presents; the Duke told me the matter is sub +judice, and not determined; therefore, yesterday, having obtained +audience, I presented to his Catholic Majesty, according to my late +intimation to your Honour, the herewith enclosed protest, or not +protest, as this or any other Court shall understand it, or rather as +the King our Master, in his princely wisdom, shall interpret or +command me to interpret the same, whose royal directions in the case, +long since to be foreseen, I shall now by every post expect, for my +better light, in case of revival of the former custom, which, by the +packing of the cards, I conceive to be most probable; keeping myself +in the interim that they come not upon my guard, the best I may. + +The Venetian Ambassador's entry, which is next expected, can put me +to no difficulty at all, in respect his predecessor never thought +fit to give me a visit, either of welcome when I arrived, or farewell +when he departed, whereof I formerly advertised you at large, and +how such neglect hath been resented in another age. The Holland +Ambassador, now resident mutato nomine, will have his entrada +soon after; there will be some scruple, yet no very great one; on +the contrary, I think there is a rational query whether I, or any +other of the Ambassadors de Capilla [Footnote: Ambassadors of the +first-class, who have the right to be covered at their audience +of the Sovereign to whom they are accredited.] should visit him +at all. The case is, in his quality of Resident he hath totally +declined the visiting either the Emperor's, or me, or the French +Ambassador; because the other two first, and then I, by their +example, did not assent to treat him with 'Senoria Illustrissima,' +and in our own houses with the hand and upper chair, this latter, +of giving him precedence in our own houses, being, I conceive, the +only point he absolutely insists upon. Now if we do him wrong in +this, why should we not right him whilst he is yet under the notion +of Resident? And if we do him none, why should we visit the Holland +Ambassador in our turn, when the Holland Resident, especially, +being the same person, will not visit us in this? + +Here is a Danish Resident, and an Enviado of Genoa, who stand off upon +the very same terms both with those Ambassadors and with me. The +latter having obliged me, by message, to solicit for the King our +master's orders to guide me on behalf of his pretence, because I had +sent him word, that without such I could not in discretion and +civility, being a new comer, vary from the judgment and practice of my +seniors in this Court. + +Your Honour, by your long and late experience here, will understand +the pinch of this business better than yet I do; who, by what I can +learn, am of opinion, that according to the style of this Court, +perhaps of all others likewise, a King's AMBASSADOR, in his own house, +doth not give the hand to another King's RESIDENT, much less +'illustrissima,' twenty years ago; but then again, I am informed, that +now these very Ambassadors of Germany and France, who may with justice +enough make scruple of that, may at the same time give +'illustrissima,' and, within their own doors the hand, to a Ducal +Ambassador, thereby preferring them to their own Residents: an old +controversy not easily decided, and yet in a fair way to be so, when +by strong inference we shall be found judges against ourselves. I have +farther to avow, in justification of my not sending to accompany the +Hollander in his entrada, or any other but a new French Ambassador, +that having been myself accompanied from none of them who show +themselves now so zealous to perform that function to others, I have +no reason to perform it towards them, until I shall have received the +King my master's particular direction therein, after knowledge of what +hath passed. + +This, by way of discussion, not of decision of the question; for +although, by my seventeenth instruction, it is very clear I must give +not the hand to any King's Ambassador, on which behalf his Majesty +shall not need to doubt my zeal, neither, I hope, the success, how +roughly soever the precedence may be jostled for, whether by them or +theirs; yet, whether by receiving by such arts as are now on foot, and +for such ends as are now declared, the forementioned custom of +Ambassadors sending their coaches and families to each others +entradas, be such a point of advantage above me, as in the same +instruction I am commanded to be wary of; and whether, in that case, I +am not to thrust in for a share, in as good a room as I can get by +scratching for, since others by their unquietness, or by their +inconstancy, impose the necessity, there will be the question; whereof +I do now hope for resolution from his Majesty by every post, of what I +formerly writ concerning this matter, then in prospect, and find, by +your honour's last, that those despatches were at the writing thereof +come newly to hand.--Ibid. p. 199. + + + + +TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 179.] + +Madrid, Wednesday, 12th of October, 1664, English style. + +"Since my last to you of yesterday, the President of Castile having by +the King's special and angry command, gone forth to the neighbouring +villages, attended with the hangman, and whatsoever else of terror +incident to his place and derogatory to his person, the markets in +this town begin to be furnished again plentifully enough, yet so as +that the bullion remaining fallen to the half value, bread, wine, and +other provisions, are held up much higher than they were before in the +numerical money; the reason is, whether upon intelligence or jealousy, +the people that sell, do expect a second speedy fall, in which regard +they rather choose to part with their wares upon trust, as many do and +will, to receive for the same at the rate money shall go awhile hence, +than for present money, though to persons whom before they would have +been very scrupulous to have trusted."--Ibid. p. 265. + + + + +TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 178.] + +Madrid, Wednesday, 19th of October, 1664, English style. + +Upon the 10th instant, stilo novo, invited by the delicacy of the +weather, and not knowing whether I should have another opportunity for +it during my residence in this Court, together with my family, man, +woman, and child, I took a small journey by stealth, of three days +going and coming, to Aranjuez. + +As soon as it was known that I was gone, the Duke of Medina de las +Torres sent a post after me, with a letter to myself, of courtly +chiding, that I had given the Spanish civility the slip in that +manner, with another to the officers of the palace, to perform their +part towards me, which was not wanting in any needful degree, although +the Propio [Footnote: The Duke's courier.] tracing me all the way, +could not reach me till I got home again. + +For the same reasons, we began another journey, upon Monday last, to +the Escurial. [Footnote: Lady Fanshawe, p. 180, says they went to the +Escurial on the 27th of October. Her Ladyship calculated by the NEW, +and Sir Richard by the OLD style.] This was not, nor could be kept +secret; therefore the Duke, prompting his Catholic Majesty, sent his +orders before, by virtue whereof I was lodged in the quarter there of +the Duke of Montaldo, Mayor-domo Mayor to the Queen, and of like +special order, by the Prior of that most famous monastery, showed, +with all demonstrations of courtesy, the much that is there to be +seen, besides an extraordinary present of provisions, of all which Don +Juan Combos, whose company I was favoured with in this excursion, is +able, if he pleases, to give you a better account than I. + +Before I was returned half-way to this Court, we met some French, who +told us the French Ambassador was following them to the Escurial. +Advanced as far as a very small village, about a league from Madrid, +the highway lying by a single house, at the outskirts thereof, at the +door of the same, were two that wear his livery, of whom one of my +people, asking whether the French Ambassador was coming towards the +Escurial? they replied 'No;' but that his Excellency was in that +village, and thence immediately to return to Madrid. That is all I yet +know pertaining to that matter; unless this be, that it hath rained +plentifully from morning to night, being, as the year hath fallen out, +very extraordinary, the first day here of winter. Thus much may be +built upon as a certainty, that neither the palace here upon Monday +morning when I went, nor the Escurial this morning when I left it, had +the least notice or inkling of any intention of the French Ambassador +to go thither at this time. + +A report there hath been for some days whispered, that the said +Ambassador is revoken. To notify which the more, it is possible he +might design this visit to the Escurial, which is commonly left to the +last by all public persons from abroad.--Ibid. p. 267. + + + + +TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Madrid, Wednesday, 12th November, 1664, N.S. + +On Monday last, in the afternoon, I should by appointment have had a +conference with the Duke of Medina de las Torres, but in the morning +his Excellency sent to excuse it for that time, upon notice then +arrived of the death of his kinsman, the Duke of Medina Sidonia, which +obliged him to the offices which those cases require. + +The manner of this Duke's death, like his quality, was extraordinary. +His Excellency was, for his diversion and recreation, being as then in +good health to all outward appearance, and not much stricken in years, +at a town of his own, not far from Valladolid, where you know his +constant appointed abode was; in that place of recreation, his +Excellency had some number of dogs, newly given him, the which, +looking out of his windows, he happened to see worrying a poor woman. +They neither killed nor maimed her, but the Duke's apprehension was so +great they would do the one or the other, that violently crying out +from the place where he was unto his people to prevent it, he fell +into a sudden ecstacy; from that into a deep melancholy, and from that +into a fever, which dispatched him before his physicians could come +from Valladolid; so thereby verifying in his particular the surname of +his family, de puro bueno murio. + +Upon the 7th of November, N.S. I gave the King, Queen, Prince, and +Empress, the parabien of the Prince's birth-day. The day itself was +the precedent, and then it was that I desired audience to that end, by +the Master of the Ceremonies; but it was appointed me, as I have said, +to avoid concurrence with others, as I do believe, according either to +the old or new style of this Court, the which I have formerly +mentioned. However, for the English Ambassador alone, as might be +supposed, all the royal persons put themselves de gala, both as to +apparel and humour. True it is, to make up the jollity enough for two +days at least, there met in one, and the parabien was accordingly both +from the other Ambassadors the day before, and from me then, the Peace +of Germany, and the Prince's birth-day, and both were very well +taken.--Ibid. p. 290. + + + + +TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Madrid, Monday, 14th of November, 1664, English style. + +"Inclosed with this, I send you a print of that new invention here for +ploughing, which you did lately command me to enquire out." [Footnote: +Mr. Bennet, in a letter to Sir Richard Fanshawe, dated 29th of +September, 1664, observed, "Sir George Downing tells me of a new +invention of a plough in Spain. I beseech your Excellency to enquire +after it. He saith an Italian hath made it, and that it is not only +received in Spain, but sent into the Indies also, for the good of +their land."--Ibid. p. 279.]--Ibid. p. 321. + + + + +TO MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 185.] + +Madrid, Wednesday, 14th of December, 1664, O.S. + +These five or six nights last past here hath appeared a very strange +blazing star, so high and so clear that I presume it must needs have +been seen in England likewise, and therefore forbear to give any +description or judgment thereof, the people of this country not being +so curious in such matters as ours are there. + +Yesterday I went to give the King and Queen the nova buena of her +Majesty's birth-day, which was the day before. As soon as I came from +the King, the Dutch Ambassador was called in; and at his coming out, +it being a very dry day, and we having an hour to spend before the +Queen would be ready to receive us, I invited him into my coach, and +we took a turn in the town, which caused almost as much wonder in this +people as the blazing star; and indeed I did it to that end partly, +there being no offence in it that I know, so long as his Majesty hath +an Envoy in Holland, and the States an Ambassador in England. The +truth is, many of this people begin to apprehend, that our disputes +with them will have a quite other issue, and a very different +operation, as other interests, and Spain amongst the rest, than Spain +imagined. + +Last night was before the palace a masquerade on horseback. I had a +balcony appointed me in the armoury over the stables of his Majesty: +the Dutch Ambassador, another for him next below mine, the rest of the +Ambassadors in an entresuelo of the palace. + +Mine I left to my gentleman, and sat myself with the Duke of Medina de +las Torres, at his quarters in the palace; my wife in another room +thereby with the Duchess.--Ibid. p. 376. + + + + +TO THE LORD CHANCELLOR. + +Madrid, the 24th of January, 1664, N.S. + +MY LORD, + +I send your Lordship herewith enclosed, two transcripts, the one of a +project, at making of which I was never good; but this is of a peace, +and therefore I wish I were; a peace between Castile and Portugal, +hardly practicable upon any terms, as I do humbly conceive, much less +upon these, proposed by an unknown author, with regard to either side; +yet I have thought them not unworthy your Lordship's notice, as +possibly more practicable elsewhere, as to form, and in a great +measure as to matter likewise, than in the altitude for which they +were designed. + +The other transcript is of a fresh libel, in and upon this Court and +palace; a commodity I have in my nature no inclination at all to vent, +either by wholesale or retail; yet is this fit also, in my humble +judgment, for persons of great nearness to his Majesty not to be +unacquainted with, representing sores which are in foreign kingdoms, +whereby to praise God the more for the modesty of ours at home, as +ours for the great goodness of his Majesty that stops our mouths, or +rather fills them with prayers to God and him; not censuring other +princes, neither for the liberties of their subjects in their +disparagement, much less these of Spain, than whom, from all times, +none talk more against, or (our own nation only excepted) act more +for, their kings. This damnable libel doth not spare one Councillor of +State here present, but the Inquisidor General; and to crown the +damnation of it, the King himself bears the burden, besides the +smaller game it picks up by the way. So more than ordinary black is +the Spanish ink at this day, and the mouths of two too many, loud ones +too, much of the same dye. + +This King, by what I can collect, as crazy as he is, may rub out many +years: his Majesty eats and drinks ordinarily with a very good +stomach, I am told, three comfortable meals a day; and full of merry +discourse, when and where his lined robe of Spanish royal gravity is +laid aside. + +Some discourse begins to be of swearing the Prince. The sending the +Infanta this spring to her Imperial Crown is absolutely concluded, say +the most, and some say no. Certain it is, (the ceremony of this +kingdom requiring it,) that a Cardinal in the spiritual, and some very +great lay-person in the temporal, should be joint conductors of her +Imperial Majesty; for the first, Cardinal Colonna, a vassal born of +this Crown, chosen by the Pope, is now actually entered in this Court +to the same end; and for the second, the Duke of Cardona, invited +thereunto by his Catholic Majesty, after many great ones, namely, the +Duke of Alva and Montaldo, had refused or excused it, hath publicly +accepted the charge. + +By this latter hangs a story. Your Lordship well knows, that in these +more civilised countries, no man will go upon his master's errand +without a reward beforehand, (so the Marquis of Sande, the Conde de +Molina, and others innumerable,) therefore his Catholic Majesty, even +after acceptance as a thing of course, was graciously pleased to bid +the said Duke of Cardona propose for himself, referring him for that +purpose to the Duke's friend, the Conde de Castrillo, President of +Castile. The Duke tells the Conde he must have three things granted +him in hand, else would he not budge a foot. 'What are those?' said +the Conde, in some disorder. 'First,' said the Duke, 'I will be made a +grandee of Spain,' and his Excellency is so, I take it three or four +times over: 'Secondly, I will have the Toison' he has it long since: +'Thirdly, the Conde de Chincon shall treat me with EXCELLENCY.' The +riddle of this is, that the said Conde de Chincon, being no Grandee, +and nominated for Ambassador Ordinary to the Emperor, though since +excused of going for want of health, or other allegations, doth, upon +that account alone, during life, according to the style of this Court, +remain with the title of Excellency. This action of the Duke of +Cardona is here very much celebrated, and the saying little less. +--Ibid. p. 420. + + + + +To THE KING. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 195.] + +Madrid, Monday, 6th of February, 1664-5, O.S. + +"MAY IT PLEASE YOUR MAJESTY, + +"The bearer hereof, Mr. Charles Bertie, son to the Earl of Lindsey, +having done me the honour, together with other gentlemen of rank and +personal worth, to afford me his company out of England hitherto, and +now with them homewards bound by the way of France; I find myself +encouraged by the opportunity of so noble a hand for conveyance, to +give your Majesty this first immediate trouble of any lines of mine, +since I had last the happiness to kiss that of your Majesty, as well +to throw myself, in all humility, at your royal feet, as to render +very briefly a faithful character of this young gentleman, in a more +particular manner, whose virtues and extraordinary qualities, the +former not lost, the latter acquired with much travels at few years, +do no whit degenerate from the nobility of his blood, and active +loyalty of his progenitors; my duty to your Majesty, as well as my +affection to his person, obliging me ex officio to this short +testimony of his merits unrequested, to the end so hopeful a branch of +that house may not want even this means among others, of being early +known to his Sovereign, I could humbly wish I could add, his master +too, and that in some near degree of service to your sacred person, +for the present, in order to public employment for the future; towards +which, as years shall increase, and occasions be ministered, he is +already furnished, in a very good measure, with two principal and +proper gifts, that of tongues, and that of observation. But I forget +to whom I speak, for which most humbly begging your royal pardon, I +crave leave to subscribe myself," &c.--Ibid, p. 437. + + + + +To MR. SECRETARY BENNET. + +Madrid, Tuesday, 18/28 April, 1665. + +This King, with the Queen and Empress, have now been almost a +fortnight at Aranjuez, to their great content, and also of this Court, +to hear his Majesty is so vigorous there, as at one time to have set +on horseback a matter of three hours, and in that posture to have +killed a wolf from his own hands; whereas, before his going hence, it +was doubted by many whether he had sufficient health and strength to +perform the journey, though but seven leagues, in a coach or litter, +and that in two days. The little Prince remains here in the palace, as +far as I can learn, nothing so lively as his father; pray God he prove +so lasting! + +In this interim, Don John de Austria hath had leave to reside at a +house within two leagues of Aranjuez, and from thence stepping over to +get a sight of his Majesty, which he did. The ceremony between them +was very short, and yet all that passed was ceremony; Como venis? Como +estays? Dios os guarde, &c., with which his Highness departed to the +Queen and Empress, and from thence to whence he came, after the same +brief ceremony; only the Queen and Empress sent him each of them a +jewel for a present.--Harleian MSS. 7010, f. 239. + + + + +TO LORD ARLINGTON. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 200.] + + Madrid, Wednesday, August 1665. + +My last to your Lordship of this day was a se'nnight, made mention of +a conference I was to have the Friday following with the Duke of +Medina de las Torres, but it happened the same Wednesday night I fell +so extremely sick as forced me on Thursday to send my excuse to his +Excellency, continuing my bed all that day, and since my house, +though, I thank God, with some amendment daily, and now to such a +competent degree of health and strength, that upon Friday next I hope +our meeting will hold. + +In the mean time, upon occasion of my wife's being brought to bed, on +Sunday, the Duke hath been with me to give me the joy of my son, yet +so as not to mingle therewith one word of business, making that +expressly a piece of the compliment; the rest consisting of great +riches of jewels upon his person, and extraordinary splendour of +equipage.--Ibid. f. 346. + + + + +TO LORD ARLINGTON. + +[See MEMOIRS, p, 201.] + +Madrid, Thursday, 7/17th September, 1665. + +My letter to your Lordship, delivered his Catholic Majesty, King +Philip the Fourth, in a condition utterly deplored by most, though +with a little spark of hope in some, even physicians, upon a +lightening that showed itself before death as it proved, his Majesty +giving up the ghost this morning between four and five of the clock, +witnessed immediately by all the bells in the town; this being +somewhat observable in my opinion, that neither his Majesty's +sickness, nor his death, was concealed one moment from the people. +Some care is taken that the news thereof shall not be sent out of +these kingdoms till it hath first gone by their own Correos, stopping +all others. + +In observation of the custom which ought to be observed in like cases, +the Council of the Chamber of Castile met to open his Majesty's +testament, which he left closed; the which accordingly was opened and +read before the President and said Council, by Don Blasco de Loyola, +Secretary of the Universal Dispatch: this was done at eleven of the +clock this forenoon. His Majesty left the Queen declared Governess of +his kingdoms, assisted by four counsellors ex-officio, viz., the +Archbishop of Toledo, that is or shall be; the President of Castile, +that is or shall be; the Vice-Chancellor of Arragon, that is or shall +be; the management of the kingdom, in like cases, belonging, by +ancient laws of the kingdom, to these three dignities, though his +Majesty should omit to name them; and the Inquisitor-General, that is +or shall be: he is introduced by a new law. His Majesty added to this +number of four, two more, one for a Grandee of Spain, which is the +Marquis of Aytona; and the other, who is the Conde de Penaranda, for +Counsellor of State. His Majesty left for executors of this his will, +the Duke of Medina de las Torres, Fray Juan Martinez, who was his +Majesty's confessor, and the Marquis de Velada. + +Don John of Austria came post from Consuegra, soliciting to see his +Majesty by the means of the President of Castile, who, telling his +Majesty that Don John desired his blessing, his Majesty answered, 'He +had not called him, and that he should return presently;' which he +did, as soon as the King expired. This as to the seeing him at the +King's hour of death; but for all that, it is said, his Majesty had +already so far remembered him in his will as to recommend therein to +the Queen and her assistants, his son Don John of Austria, to regard +him and employ him, and if the means he hath be not found sufficient +for his support, to augment the same in some other way. [Footnote: In +the margin, Sir Richard has written, "Sic transit gloria mundi."] + +It is said it will not be necessary to make more ceremony for the +giving of obedience to the new King Charles the Second, than with a +banner upon the tower of St. Salvador, to proclaim, 'Castilla, +Castilla por el Rey Don Carlos Segondo nuestro Senor!' and this ought +to be done by the Conde de Chinchon, unto whom, being Regidor of +Madrid, it belongs to execute the said ceremony. + +They have embalmed his Majesty, and found in one of his kidneys a +stone of the bigness of a chestnut, in the other a kind of thin web. +They put his dead body, open-faced, with the state accustomed, in the +great gilded hall of the Palace; and upon Saturday, at night, will +carry it to the Escurial to be interred in the incomparable Pantheon +there, begun by his grandfather, carried on by his father, and +finished by himself in his life-time to a ninth wonder, if the +Escurial be the eighth, as the Spaniards term it.--Ibid. f. 387. + + + + +TO LORD ARLINGTON + + Madrid, Wednesday, 18/28 October, 1665. + +"This evening I have had audience of the young King; giving him, in +our Master's name, first the pesame, and then the parabien of the +time. On Friday, begin the honras of the King, his father; after +which, and, as I do believe, on the 5th of the next month, because it +is the King's birth-day, the Queen will give her first audience to +Ambassadors; none having yet seen her Majesty but the German, and he +in his private capacity."--Ibid. f. 415. + + + + +FROM LORD SANDWICH TO SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 211] + +La Coruna, March 20/30, 1666. + +MY LORD, + +Being arrived at this place through necessity of the weather, which +put us off from Santander, whither we were designed, I find it +requisite to give speedy notice thereof to Madrid, and in the first +place to your Excellency; hoping this letter will have the good +fortune to meet you there, and if it do, I then beseech you, either +from yourself to give notice to the Court of my arrival, or direct +this gentleman, Mr. Weeden, of whom I have great esteem, to deliver +the letter he hath from me to the Secretary of State, a copy whereof +is here enclosed, if your Excellency doth not think fit that the same +be signified to the Court both ways. I also farther entreat your +favour in sending me such advice for my journey, and procuring me such +helps and furtherances therein, as may enable me to accomplish it with +most expedition. Mr. Weeden is fully instructed in the condition of my +retinue and carriage; and as the affairs of both Crowns, the time of +the year, and other circumstances considered, require much haste to be +made in this negotiation, so the particular interest of the King our +Master, needs as speedy a meeting as can be between your Excellency +and me, which I pray to have in your mind, and contrive in the best +manner you can. In the meantime, as soon as anything is concluded by +you fit for my notice, I pray you to despatch Mr. Weeden back to me, +whether I remain in this place, or shall be on my way to Madrid. I +have not more to say unto you fit for a letter, but to desire you to +present my most humble service to my noble Lady, and that you would +believe that I come with that respect and resolution of doing you a +service, and of expressing myself upon all occasions, + +My Lord, + +Your Excellency's most humble servant, + +SANDWICH.-Ibid. + + + + +To LORD SANDWICH. + +Madrid, April 1/11, 1666. + +"My wife returns many humble services to your Excellency, hoping my +good Lady's health; and likewise to be sooner happy in waiting upon +her than your Excellency, as, taking her leave this very day hereof of +the Queen and Empress, bound for England, at her good old father's +long importunities, to have his dear daughter and all her children +rest with him before he dies."--Ibid. + + + + +FROM LORD SANDWICH to SIR RICHARD FANSHAWE. (ORIGINAL.) + +From My Quinta, near the Corunna, April 9/19, 1666. + +"It is my great misfortune that I am like to miss of the happiness of +kissing my good lady's hand at Madrid, to whom my wife and I are so +infinitely obliged. The best satisfaction I can have next, is to hear +that her ladyship hath good health and prosperity on her journey; +which I most heartily wish, as I do all sorts of occasions, whereby to +express unto her ladyship and yourself with what fidelity, I am, + +My Lord, + +Your Excellency's most humble and most obedient Servant, + +SANDWICH.--Ibid. + + + + +TO THE LORD CHANCELLOR. + +Madrid, Thursday, 15/29 April, 1666. + +"The Empress, married by proxy, which was the Duke de Medina de las +Torres, upon Sunday last, did yesterday begin her journey from this +Court towards Vienna. Her Imperial Majesty carried along with her a +vast treasure in money, plate, and jewels; so, in that respect, will +much enfeeble this summer's preparation against Portugal: in another +regard the despatch of that great affair out of the way, which hath +wholly taken up these Councils in pro's and con's for many months +past, hath left them at liberty to prosecute with the more vigour this +war."--Ibid. + + + + +TO SIR PHILIP WARWICK. + +Madrid, 3rd of May, 1666, s n. + +DEAR BROTHER, + +There was due to me on 6th of March last past, upon my ordinary +entertainment, the sum of two thousand pounds, of which I have not yet +received one shilling, notwithstanding that I was forced to run myself +in debt for my late journey to Portugal; as I have written long since +to my Lord Arlington, requesting I might, by his Lordship's means, +obtain a particular Privy Seal for the reimbursement of my laying-out +therein, as was promised when that case should arrive. + +Moreover, I have both pawned and sold plate for my present +subsistence, and if immediately I do not receive a supply of all that +is due to me upon amount of ordinaries, the which I do hopefully +expect upon former addresses to that purpose, I cannot subsist longer +in this Court, nor yet know how to remove out of it, if such should be +his Majesty's orders of revocation, by my Lord of Sandwich: a thing +intimated to me here by more than common persons, whether with or +without ground I cannot say, having not heard one word from any +Minister of our Court for the space of above seven weeks last past, or +concerning myself anything out of England, save what I read in a +London diurnal, that letters from me out of Portugal, by sea, +signifying my then immediate return for Madrid, were come to hand. The +like whereof having never happened to me before, so much as for a +fortnight's time, I am utterly to seek what to impute it to, unless it +be interceptings in France since the war hath been declared. In the +meantime, it puts me to a great confusion in many respects, +particularly for the want of monies; and thus farther I crave leave to +inform you upon the same point, which is, that if my brother Turnor's +kindness had not advanced out of his own purse, to comply with my +bills, above a thousand pounds, before he received the last tallies on +my behalf, whereof I have not had any notice, I had been reduced to +yet greater extremities than these I am contending with. + +Having thus delivered the truth of my condition in matter of fact, I +presume there will need nothing farther of argument, with so good a +friend and brother, to quicken and keep alive your constant endeavours +for me, or indeed with such others whose concurrence is necessary to +render your brotherly offices effectual, to afford the same +accordingly, upon the mere account of our Master's honour and service, +without other relation to the person that bears his image in this +particular. + +I pray you, as you have done hitherto, permit my brother Turnor to +remind you of these things as often as occasion shall require. + +My Lord Sandwich, according to our computation here, will begin his +journey towards us to-morrow from the Corunna, and if his Excellency +makes no stop by the way will arrive in this Court about twenty days +hence, hardly sooner. I rest, dear brother, your most affectionate +brother and faithful servant, + + RICHARD FANSHAWE.--Ibid. + + + + +TO HIS MAJESTY. + + Madrid, Thursday, 3rd of June, 1666, stilo loci. + +MAY IT PLEASE YOUR MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY, + +By the hands of my Lord of Sandwich, who arrived in this Court, upon +Friday last, was delivered to me a letter of Revocation from your +Majesty, directed to the Queen Regent; and at the same time another, +with which your Majesty honoured me for myself, implying the +principal, if not the only, motive of the former to have been, some +exceptions that had been made to the papers which I signed with the +Duke of Medina de las Torres, upon the 17th of December last +past;[Footnote: Sir Richard Fanshawe wrote in the margin of the rough +transcript, "Relating to the Commerce of this Crown, and the +establishing a Truce between these and Portugal."] a consideration +sufficient to have utterly cast down a soul less sensible than hath +ever been mine of your Majesty's least show of displeasure, though not +accompanied with other punishments, if your Majesty, according to the +accustomed tenderness of your royal disposition, in which you excel +all monarchs living, to comfort an old servant to your Majesty, had +not yourself broken the blow in the descent, by this gracious +expression in the same letter: That I may assure myself, your Majesty +believes I proceeded in the articles signed by me, as aforesaid, with +integrity and regard to your royal service, and that I may be farther +assured the same will justify me towards your Majesty, whatever +exceptions may have been made to my papers. + +In obedience to your Majesty's letter above-mentioned, I make account, +God willing, to be upon my way towards England some time next month; +having in the interim performed to my Lord Sandwich, as I hope I shall +to full satisfaction, those offices which your Majesty commands me in +the same; whose royal person, council, and undertakings, God Almighty +preserve and prosper many years; the daily fervent prayer of + +Your Majesty's ever loyal subject, ever faithful and most obedient +servant, + +RICHARD FANSHAWE. + + + + +FROM LYONEL FANSHAWE, ESQ., TO JOSEPH WILLIAMSON, ESQ. + +[See MEMOIRS, p. 217.] + +Madrid, Thursday, 7/17 June, 1666. + +My Lord having been taken with a very sharp fit of sickness two days +since, and not yet being well able either to write or dictate a letter +himself, hath commanded me to entreat you, that you will please to +present his most humble service to my Lord Arlington, and beseech his +Lordship to excuse his not writing by this post. + +The Empress is said not to be yet embarked, though there are thirty +galleys ready to attend her in her voyage. + +My Lord of Sandwich hath not, as yet, had his first public audience. +Sir Robert Southwell intends, within a day or two, to begin his +journey for Portugal.--Ibid. + + + + +THE FORM OF A PRAYER USED BY MY LORD'S CHAPLAIN, +IN THE DAILY SERVICE IN HIS EXCELLENCY'S CHAPELIN PORTUGAL AND SPAIN. + +Blessed God, we beseech thee to be propitious in a singular manner to +my good Lord, his Excellency, his Majesty's Ambassador in this +kingdom; preserve him unto us in health and strength, and grant that +he may so manage those weighty affairs he is employed in, that the +issue of his negotiation may be to thy glory, the satisfaction of our +Sovereign, and the mutual good and benefit of all his subjects and +allies. Bless his most virtuous Lady; imbue her with the blessings of +this life, and that to come; make his children thy children, his +servants thy servants, that this family may be a Bethel, a house of +God; that we, all serving thee with one accord here on earth, may for +ever glorify thee in Heaven. Amen. + + + + +A PRAYER USED IN THE DAILY SERVICE OF THE CHAPEL, +AFTER THE DEATH OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE LORD AMBASSADOR. + +Blessed God, which suppliest the wants and relievest the troubles of +thy servants, be particularly gracious to this family, and here, in a +special manner, bless my most virtuous Lady, and give her patience +under thy hand, submitting to thy will, and contentedness under every +change; and we beseech thee so continually to assist her in the course +of her life, that she may experimentally find thee a God all- +sufficient, though the helps of this world fail: make her children thy +children; bestow upon them thy choicest blessings, who hath promised +to be a father to the children's children of those that trust in thee; +make her servants thy servants, that this family may be a Bethel, a +house of God; that we, all serving thee with one accord here on earth, +may for ever hereafter glorify thee in Heaven. Amen. + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, MEMOIRS OF LADY FANSHAWE *** + +This file should be named 6064.txt or 6064.zip + +Project Gutenberg eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the US +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we usually do not +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +We are now trying to release all our eBooks one year in advance +of the official release dates, leaving time for better editing. +Please be encouraged to tell us about any error or corrections, +even years after the official publication date. + +Please note neither this listing nor its contents are final til +midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement. +The official release date of all Project Gutenberg eBooks is at +Midnight, Central Time, of the last day of the stated month. 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