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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0162f98 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #60423 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60423) diff --git a/old/60423-8.txt b/old/60423-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 92f3996..0000000 --- a/old/60423-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3558 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 12, 1897, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Harper's Round Table, January 12, 1897 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: October 4, 2019 [EBook #60423] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JAN 12, 1897 *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - - - - -[Illustration: HARPER'S ROUND TABLE] - -Copyright, 1897, by HARPER & BROTHERS. All Rights Reserved. - - * * * * * - -PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1897. FIVE CENTS A -COPY. - -VOL. XVIII.--NO. 898. TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. - - * * * * * - - - - -[Illustration] - -FAMOUS CAVALRY CHARGES. - -BY RICHARD BARRY. - - -COOKE'S CAVALRY AT GAINES'S MILL. - -It was a strange fact that those in authority at Washington and those in -charge of the immediate conduct of the Union armies in the field did not -early in the war recognize the immense importance of a well-organized -cavalry. - -The idea that cavalry should be used merely as an auxiliary arm of the -service was held by General Scott, and those who immediately followed -him in command seem to have held the same opinion. - -The small bodies of troopers of both the regular and volunteer branches -of the mounted service were attached to various isolated army corps. -Their duties consisted mainly in taking the places of orderly -messengers, doing patrol duty, and acting as advance outposts. Their -duties were onerous, and were not calculated to bring them much chance -for glory or advancement. The cavalry Captains and leaders demurred -greatly against this false position, and it may be said that the lesson -that the Union Generals learned in regard to the uses of mounted troops -was gained from the experience of battle, when they had arrayed against -them the quickly moving, impetuous horsemen of Stuart and the younger -Lees. - -But even before the North had developed the magnificent and well-ordered -brigades that figured so conspicuously in the latter years of the war, -there occurred not a few instances where the trooper with his pistol and -sabre distinguished himself before the enemy and under the eyes of his -countrymen. The first charge of any importance that took place before -the reform was inaugurated that gave the men in the saddles a worthy -position was at the battle of Gaines's Mill, on the 27th of June, 1862. - -About the part that the cavalry played in this affair much bitter -controversy has arisen. Men whose names are well known, whose intrepid -bravery and worth have long been recognized, have taken stands upon this -question. It is not the place of an article so short as this to go into -this in detail. We have but to tell of the brave actions which occurred -that day, and to relate the facts and important happenings on the left -of the line of battle, where the small detachments of cavalry that made -the charge were placed. - -All day long the Union batteries and the Confederate batteries had been -replying to one another. General Fitz John Porter had estimated that the -forces under his command were greatly overmatched. Early in the day he -had determined upon a battle of resistance, and made up his mind to hold -the enemy in check if possible. A long line of infantry that stretched -along the swampy bottom-lands and woody ravines were hardly enough to -guard and support the artillery which had been placed in positions more -or less exposed on the crests of the hills and the vantage spots south -of the Chickahominy. This river divided the Union army, making it almost -impossible to send re-enforcements to the right wing or to gather it -together on the right bank. - -On June 14 the Confederate General Stuart had made a dashing raid around -McClellan's army. The slow-moving infantry had not had time to cut them -off. - -General Porter had posted his batteries of artillery, and had been -employed all the morning in forming his lines to await the enemy's -attack. General P. St. George Cooke had been instructed to take his -position with the small body of cavalry at his disposal under the hills -in the valley of the Chickahominy. It was expected of him to support the -artillery stationed there and to guard the left flank of the long line. -The whole attitude of the Union forces, as we have said, was one of -defence. The battle opened on the left in the morning, and by two -o'clock in the afternoon had spread along the entire front. It was a -strange fact that all of the severe battles of the seven days' fight -before Richmond began after noonday. - -From one o'clock until six Cooke's cavalry, consisting of two and -one-half squadrons of the Fifth Cavalry, belonging to the First Brigade; -three squadrons of volunteer lancers from Pennsylvania, under Colonel -Rush, belonging to the Second Brigade; and two skeleton squadrons of the -First United States Cavalry, under Colonel Blake, to which were added -the provost-guard under Lieutenant-Colonel Grier--had stood inactive in -a sheltered position a little to the rear of the artillery, that had not -begun firing until quite late in the afternoon. - -A few minutes past six General Cooke observed that the infantry on the -left wing in front of him was giving way, and at this moment three -reserve batteries that had been silent the whole day opened fire upon -the enemy advancing through the underbrush at the bottom of the slope. -General Cooke ordered the Fifth and First Cavalry to the front, and -deployed them a little to the rear of and just filling the intervals of -the two right batteries. The Confederates had opened a hot fire of -musketry, and shells were falling all about as the men took up their -positions. Turning to Captain Whiting of the Fifth, General Cooke said, -"Captain, as soon as you see the advance-line of the enemy rising the -crest of the hill, charge at once without any further orders, to enable -the artillery to bring off their guns." - -Then he instructed Colonel Blake to support the Fifth, and charge when -necessary. The three squadrons of lancers were placed on the right of -the third battery just at the moment that it was limbering up preparing -to retreat, as it was wholly unsupported. Upon the arrival of the -cavalry the artillerymen loaded their guns again and opened fire. - -No sooner had General Cooke left the line of men in their short jackets -with yellow trimmings, who were sitting on their horses and sustaining -without any return the galling fire that was being poured in upon them, -than Captain Whiting rode ahead, and wheeling his horse, cried: - -"Cavalry, attention! Draw sabres!" - -The metallic clash of the blades ran along the eager line. - -"Boys, we must charge in five minutes," said the Captain, over his -shoulder, as he stroked the neck of his big brown horse. But almost -before he had stopped speaking the bayonets of the advancing -Confederates were seen just beyond the cannon that were blazing away in -front. They were hardly fifty rods distant. Turning in the saddle, -Captain Whiting gave the order: - -"Trot, march!" and as soon as the whole line had started, he shouted -"Charge!" at top voice. At once, with a wild cheer, in solid column, the -cavalry broke forward. It was the first big Union charge of the war. -There was not a man but what was determined to save those guns if -possible, and to emulate the bravery of the artillerists, who had won -for themselves long before this the names of heroes, in the North. As -they swept past the guns it was necessary for the line to deploy right -and left. As they ranged up, it was seen that at one of the pieces every -man had been shot down, and one of the troopers as he rode by noticed a -wounded man struggling by the aid of the spokes of the wheel of the gun -to gain his feet and pull the lanyard. "I'll bet he'll fire that gun," -said the trooper to himself, and kept off to the right. That gun was -fired, and if it had not been for this trooper's quick thought it would -have swept him down as the charge cut a gap through the advance-line of -the enemy. - -But now they were within striking-distance, charging an army. The sound -of the sabre strokes was heard on every hand; the smoke from the volley -that had been poured into them, mingled with the dust, in the fading -light, rendered everything obscure. Men fought through the lines and -fought back again; but the rebel onslaught was stayed, and just then, -not being able to tell friend from foe in the gloom, the Union artillery -opened up from the rear with shrapnel and canister. It fell amongst the -intermingled fighting crowd, bearing down the Union horsemen as well as -the advancing men of Hood's brave Southerners. - -The remnant of the Fifth Cavalry crawled back, shattered and broken, to -the protection of the batteries on the left. It was a small and -much-misreported incident; but of the 250 men who were in action only -about 100 returned from that bloody field. Not a few were captured, but -the greatest number fell in the first few minutes of that terrible -charge. They had done their duty. - -The third battery of the Second Artillery, which had been saved from -premature retreat by the appearance of the lancers, kept up its fire for -some few minutes, and then, under command of General Cooke, fell back -toward the rear, the lancers guarding it as it limbered up and -retreated. As they reached a place of safety it was found that the -enemy's advance had been stopped again at the crest of the hill, and on -looking back it was seen that a brave handful of not more than one -hundred infantrymen who had stood their ground--they were part of the -Ninth Massachusetts--were fighting there so desperately that many times -their numbers had been checked. At once the lancers and the First -Cavalry were ordered to take up the position on the left of this little -band; but unfortunately, by some misunderstanding of the orders, they -advanced close upon their rear. Just as they disappeared in the smoke, a -single squadron of the Fourth Pennsylvania, under Colonel Childs, -reported to General Cooke. Immediately they were sent to the front, and -"with a precision and bravery that would have honored veterans," the -volunteers went down the hill under a hot fire of infantry. The advance -of the enemy was checked now on the left flank of the line of battle; -but the bravely fighting infantry and the new-comers suffered from the -fire of their friends as the Fifth Cavalry had done, and turning, they -retreated in good order. The infantry retreated at the same time, and -both formed in the hollow, safe from the volleys of the enemy and the -misdirected fire of the batteries on the enshrouded hill-side. - -The Pennsylvania lancers, under Colonel Rush, lost 9 officers killed, -wounded, and missing, 92 rank and file, and 128 horses. The Fifth -Cavalry lost all their officers but one. - - - - -AN ANGLING THOUGHT. - -BY JIMMIEBOY. - - - Each day I go a-fishing - For bull-head or for trout; - As long as I catch something - I'm not at all put out. - - It may be perch or blue-fish, - It may be mackerel, - It may be cod or halibut-- - I like 'em all full well. - - I may not land a fish, sir, - Save minnow or sardine; - If I get one I'm happy - As any boy has been. - - But I will tell a secret - Quite close unto my soul: - When I have gone a-fishing - I've always had one goal, - - And that's some day to hook one - On river, lake, or sea, - To make a fight if I catch him, - Or if he catches me! - - - - -THE BROTHER OF STEFANOS. - -BY G. B. BURGIN. - - -He was a lad of fifteen, sinewy, lithe as a greyhound, with dancing blue -eyes and immensely strong shoulders. Under one arm he carried a long -gun, a game-bag slung beneath the other; his legs were encased in yellow -gaiters, and his slouch hat, with a peacock feather in the band, shaded -bronzed resolute features. "Permit me to make known myselfs," he said, -with an amiable smile, as he raised the slouch hat and disclosed a head -crisped over with short dark curls. "I am Oscar Van Heidsteyn. And you -are the good Smithsons of Constantinople, is it not so?" - -I languidly admitted that I was "the good Smithsons," and looked with -interest at the picturesque crowd on Smyrna Quay as my boat pulled back -to the ship which had brought me from Constantinople. A brawny ruffian -stood beside Oscar Van Heidsteyn with a whole arsenal of weapons stuck -about his person. This was the kavasse. His mustachios protruded like -the whiskers of a truculent tomcat; but I felt reassured on noticing -that his pistols had flint-locks only, and were as harmless as pop-guns. -I was just in the convalescent stage after a sharp attack of typhoid -fever, and most of my thoughts were concentrated on getting something to -eat. No one ever would recover from typhoid if he ate all he wanted to -when beginning to reach the convalescent stage. In all the sixteen years -of my life I had never before lived in such a chronic state of -starvation. - -Van Heidsteyn saw that I was very weak. At a sign from him, the kavasse -slowly unslung most of his ponderous weapons, picked me up in his arms, -and carried me, feebly kicking and expostulating, to the carriage. - -"What the dickens is he treating me like a baby for?" I asked. - -Van Heidsteyn wrapped the rug round me. "Oh, because you are one little -babies!" he said. "You must make yourselfs to shut ups, or you will be -ill again. Now here is the train. I will carry you into it like -leap-frogs if you prefer it." - -I submitted to the indignity of being carried "like leap-frogs" into the -ramshackle train. Three-quarters of an hour after the proper time, to a -chorus of "Inshallahs" and "Mashallahs," we crawled out of the station -into the beautiful country, still fresh with spring verdure. - -"Ah, that is betters!" said Van Heidsteyn, with a long breath of -enjoyment. "I cannot live in the town." - -"Where did you learn your English?" I asked. - -Van Heidsteyn was busily engaged in opening a parcel of chicken -sandwiches, and the odor thereof was as manna in my hungry nostrils. At -a sign from him, the kavasse again picked me up, whilst Van Heidsteyn -spread a rug on the seat of the carriage, and turned that gorgeous -functionary's silk jacket into a soft pillow for my weary head. "Now you -will feeds," said Van Heidsteyn, energetically. "Never mind my English -languages. I have read it in books; and don't gobbles. When you have -eaten, you shall have some wine and waters." - -"You're awfully good," I said, shamefacedly. "I can't help being hungry -all the time. Perhaps your father didn't know how hungry I should be -when he wrote to my father asking him to let me come here to get well." - -Oscar laughed. "Ah, that is betters! Now you enclose yourselfs--shut -ups," he added, explanatorily, "and I will make you comfortables." - -For two hours and a half we dawdled along in an aimless leisurely sort -of way, which would have been infinitely exasperating to a man in a -hurry. But I was not in a hurry. Every now and again I had a short nap, -then another sandwich, and then a glance at the fertile valleys, not yet -parched by the heat. As we got nearer the station for Oscar Van -Heidsteyn's father's farm, I noticed the lad look to his pistols, see -that his knife moved easily in its sheath, and glance carefully out of -the carriage window. - -"We will wait, my friends," he said, as the people began to stream out -of the carriages and to thank the station-master for such a prosperous -journey. (We were only two hours late; but that was partly owing to a -great man having planted his mounted servant on the line, and told him -to stop there until it suited the great man's convenience to follow. No -one dare run over the servant of a Turkish official, and so, by this -simple expedient, the Pasha caught his train without hurrying.) - -"But why wait? And why are we in the last carriage?" - -Oscar smiled. "Oh, I will tell you by-and-bys. Suppose there was a man -waiting in the station to stab or shoot you, wouldn't you stop here till -all the peoples had gone?" - -"Of course." - -"Very well, then. The station-master will come to make his salaam; then -I shall know it is all rights." - -"But what is 'all rights'?" - -"Ah-h! Brigand-d-d!" Oscar's rifle was at his shoulder as he leaped from -the carriage. "There is the brother of Stefanos behind the engine-sheds. -Tomasso, take care of the Effendi, and I will make the brother of -Stefanos 'gits.'" - -He ran nimbly towards the engine-shed, but the man loitering there did -not wait for his coming. By the time Oscar reached the sheds the fellow -was half-way up the opposite hill. Then he stopped, flung up his long -gun, and took a deliberate shot at the lad. The peacock feather in Van -Heidsteyn's hat was cut in two, and the lad himself lay sprawling on the -ground. - -Faint with horror and weakness, I tottered up against the kavasse, who -caught me in his arms with a paternal smile. When I opened my eyes, -Oscar was joyously regarding me. - -"I have hit him in the shoulders," he said, modestly. "If I had not let -him fire first, for old friendship's sake, I should have killed him." - -"Fire? Kill who? What does it all mean?" - -"Oh, it is the brother of Stefanos, and he has sworn to kill me, because -the Greek priest did kill his brother Stefanos, and he thinks I helped. -Now we will hold you on the white pony, and you shall ride him like one -Cyclops." - -Van Heidsteyn presumably meant a centaur, but I was too tired to argue -the point. He leaped into the saddle, and, with the aid of the kavasse, -hauled me up behind him. A stout strap was passed round our waists and -the ends securely buckled together. Oscar had already reloaded his -rifle. A nondescript animal, which he informed me was a splendid hound -for wild-boar (it did not look it), ran sniffing ahead on the right-hand -side of the track; and Tomasso, the kavasse, ancient matchlock in hand, -went off in advance on the left. - -"W-what's all this for?" I gasped. - -Oscar steadily started the old pony. "I make myselfs to sit in fronts," -he cheerfully explained. "If the brother of Stefanos has one pot shots -at me the bullet will not go through us both, and you will be all -rights. Courage, _mon ami_! It is only two miles to my father's, and -when we get there you shall have ever so much more to eats." - -It seemed to me that if the brother of Stefanos, whoever that mysterious -and bloodthirsty individual might be, succeeded in carrying out his -murderous intentions, there would not be any necessity for me to "have -ever so much more to eats." However, I was too weak to do anything -except to lean limply over Van Heidsteyn's shoulder as we splashed -through a brook and descended into the plain below. - -"There are not many trees," said Van Heidsteyn, reassuringly. "We shall -soon get to my father's tchiftlik all right. Then I will tell you all -about the brother of Stefanos." - -I was too tired and done up to remember much about the rest of the -journey. The brother of Stefanos might have shot us a dozen times -without disturbing me. The smooth pace of the pony gave a rhythmical -swing to my body, and I fell into a state of dreamy indifference, from -which I was roused by the animal suddenly coming to a stop. When I -looked up we were in a great yard filled with cows and excited dogs, one -of which was endeavoring to hang on to my leg. - -Tomasso, driving away the dog, gently unbuckled the belt, and lifted me -off the pony in his great brawny arms. He said something musical to me -in Greek, with the cooing softness of a dove, and I felt that his -exterior had belied him. So mild and gentle mannered a man had doubtless -been endowed by nature with his fierce mustachios as a means of -protection. I was not surprised, when bedtime came, to find Tomasso -hovering round me with a sponge and hot water. He even undressed and -carried me to bed as easily as if I had been a child. Then he -benevolently tucked me up, put some biscuits in a dish by the side of -the bed, and recited a prayer to keep off the evil eye, moving about the -room the while, in spite of his huge bulk, as noiselessly as a cat. -Whenever I woke in the night, there was Tomasso sitting by the wood -fire, watching me with friendly solicitude. - -"Oh yes, Tomasso is one very good old womans," said Van Heidsteyn, the -next afternoon, as we sat sipping our coffee in the quaint old garden -attached to his father's house. "His people have been with us for so -long times I cannot count. He has asked for a holiday to-day, and -borrowed my gun. Perhaps he is going to make you a present of one -wild-boar. He calls you the 'Little Yellow One,' because of your hair." - -As we sat, sheltered from the heat of the sun by the branches of a big -plane-tree, the pure air put new life into my veins. At the back of the -house was a long range of hills, the haunt of the wild-boar. - -"Isn't that range rather handy for sheltering brigands?" I asked Van -Heidsteyn. - -He laughed. "Oh yes, but it is all the betters. Now, Little Yellow One, -before you go to sleep I will tell you about Stefanos. I expect to hear -from his brother soons, very soons." - -"My father told me you had been captured by brigands and behaved very -pluckily," I said, leaning drowsily back and gazing up through the -spreading branches of the plane, the gorgeously hued anemones in the -garden beds dancing joyously as my glance returned to earth. - -Oscar lit another cigarette and stretched his sinewy arms. "Oh, it was -nothings," he said, modestly. "I am fat now, nice and ploomps, but when -I have come back from the brigands, ah! I was of shadows, so thin--like -grey-hounds or Greek pigs." - -He leisurely produced a photograph from his breast pocket. On a deal -table were piled the heads of several men in a ghastly heap. - -"But I shall better begin at the begins," he said, quietly. - -"Put that thing out of my sight immediately. Do you want to give me a -fit?" I shouted. "You are ruining the remains of my nervous system." - -"Ah, but then I cannot explains," said Oscar. "You see, I was in the -entrails of the steam-ploughs, and somethings tickles me. When I come -out of the bowels of the ploughs there was Stefanos the brigand, and his -brother, and his uncles, and three nephews, and some friends. (Stefanos -always went about _en famille_.) 'Ohé, my little mans,' said Stefanos, -'you must come with me for some ransoms.' I did not want to go for some -ransoms. I have the steam-ploughs to put rights. I said to Stefanos, 'Go -away, you and your ransoms--_pezziwinkbashi_ (it is a very strong -Turkish words)! but he would not go away. He puts a pistol to my ear, -and so did the rest. 'Oh yes, you will comes, my little mans.' And so," -ingenuously added Oscar, "I comes." - -"And then?" - -"The villagers come round with some screams. Stefanos (he was such a -nice mans, Stefanos. That is Stefanos, with the hole in his fronts," and -he pointed to the photograph) "puts his gun to the backs of my necks. -'Tell the villagers to go away.' I tell them to go away. When you have -guns down the smalls of your backs you are very anxious to do what you -are said," continued Oscar. "They shakes their fists at the brigands, -but I am marched off to the mountains, and we are soon great friends." - -"Friends?" - -"Yes, friends! If some ransoms not come they threaten to send my father -small bits of me to make him not forgets. First my ears and my fingers -and my toes; and then, if no ransoms, my trunks." - -"You don't mean portmanteaus?" I interrupted. "Do you mean to say they'd -cut off your limbs and send your body home?" - -"Yes, of course," said Oscar. "I mean my trunks--my chests, my bellies. -We wander about all night and steal sheeps for food. In the daytime we -sleeps or sing Greek songs, and I dance on a big stone till they call me -their brother." - -"Did you never--eh--wash?" I asked. - -Oscar mournfully shook his head. "What for? It was no goods." - -I shuddered, but thought it well not to ask for further details. - -"One day I did write a letter to my father," said Oscar. "Stefanos was a -little angry; for the soldiers come after us, and he has much exercise -with me in the mountains. 'My dear father,' I write, 'send me one big -Bibles and seventeen pairs of leather trousers. The Bibles is for my -soul; one trousers is for my body; and the others two each for my -friends. If some ransoms do not come in one weeks I shall be all in -little pieces. Take care of my dogs, and do not blame Stefanos, for it -is all businesses.' And the trousers and the Bibles and some ransoms -comes all in one heap. Stefanos embraces me; I kiss all the others; they -take me to the plains, and I find myself running homes. Then one old -woman sees me far off. She screams. Another old woman sees me. She -screams. Another old woman sees me. She screams. Whilst I did run home -the air was full of old womans and screams," continued Oscar, -meditatively. "And when I get to the ford, the old womans they all kiss -me. That was very painfuls; I do not like to kiss old womans. The old -womans takes me by the legs and the arms and the trunks to carry me over -the ford and up the hill, and whenever I tried to get downs they did -kiss me, so I did not try much more. Oh, it was very terribles, and I -had never so much before been kissed by anybodies. They take me home, -and my father comes to the door and he say, 'Welcome, my sons, which is -some more alives.' And more old womans kiss me, and I embrace my father, -and they asked me where the soldiers could find Stefanos and his brother -and his uncles and his nephews, but I would not tells." - -"Why?" - -"He was my friends," said Oscar, indignantly. "That is why. It was all -businesses, like some other businesses. Ah, those soldiers! Cowards! -Assassins!" - -"What did they do?" - -"Oh, it was very painfuls," said Oscar, with regretful melancholy. "Very -painfuls!" - -"What was?" - -"It was very painfuls. For three months the soldiers did hunt poor -Stefanos and his brother, and killed all the others. One day I was -sitting on a divan after shooting boars, and the Greek priest of the -village and his friends came in with the head of Stefanos in a bundle. -The brother of Stefanos had escaped. The Greek priest wore a purple -robe, which was some presents from the Governor of Smyrna." - -"Well?" - -"Oh, there is nothing more. They all sit round the floor, and I say, -'Who is this?' The Greek priest, he say: 'Effendi, I am a great man, a -very great man. I killed Stefanos.' - -"They say: 'This is a great man, a very great man. He killed Stefanos.' - -"The Greek priest say: 'I went up the hill in the heat of the sun, and -Stefanos sleeps himself in the vineyard. I took my gun, my very great -gun, and crept close to Stefanos.' - -"They say, 'He took his gun, his very great gun, and crept close to -Stefanos.' - -"'I put the muzzle to his ear, but he did not wake.' - -"They say, 'He put the muzzle to his ear, but he did not wake.' - -"'I shut my eyes and pull the triggers, for I am a great man, a very -brave man.' - -"They say, 'He shut his eyes and pulled the triggers, for he is a great, -a very great man.' - -"And that was the end of poor Stefanos. I did give the Greek priest some -kicks," said Oscar, reminiscently. "Oh yes, many kicks, but they did not -bring back poor Stefanos." - -As Van Heidsteyn kicked an imaginary Greek priest, two shots rang out -almost simultaneously, and a bullet buried itself harmlessly in the -trunk of the tree. - -"Sit still," said Van Heidsteyn, with a nonchalance I was far from -feeling. "Sit still, unless you are afraid, O Little Yellow One. Tomasso -will be here directly." - -[Illustration: PRESENTLY TOMASSO APPEARED CARRYING A BUNDLE IN A -HANDKERCHIEF.] - -Presently Tomasso appeared from the shelter of some out-buildings, -carrying a bundle in a handkerchief. The handkerchief was carelessly -tied up at the corners, and held something round. Tomasso came up to Van -Heidsteyn, made the customary salutation, and with his usual placid -smile, laid the bundle on the ground before us. - -"Open the bundles, Little Yellow One," said Van Heidsteyn. - -I did so, and out rolled the bleeding head of a man. - -"Now we can go without any more pot shots. I will make a photographs of -him to put with the others. It is the brother of Stefanos," said Van -Heidsteyn, complacently rolling a cigarette. - - - - -THE MIDDLETON BOWL. - -BY ELLEN DOUGLAS DELAND. - - -CHAPTER I. - -"It is shocking--positively shocking!" - -The five Misses Middleton crowded about the window, if ladies so -punctilious, so precise, so ceremonious as were the five Misses -Middleton could be said to crowd. - -"See her now, running as fast as any one of those boys," said Miss -Middleton the eldest. - -"And without her hat!" said Miss Joanna, settling her spectacles. - -"And her hair streaming!" added Miss Dorcas, as she clutched her -knitting-needles. - -"And--and--I hardly like to say it, but, my dear sisters, do you notice -how she--well, how she thrusts out her feet?" murmured Miss Melissa, -with a look of embarrassment. - -"But how happy she looks!" said Miss Thomasine, though in so low a voice -that it almost seemed as if she must be hoping that her sisters would -not hear her. But they did, and immediately they turned upon her in a -body. - -"Thomasine, I am astonished! In the first place, you cannot possibly -tell whether she looks happy or not, and in the second place--" But no -one ever heard what came in the second place, for Miss Middleton's -sentence was broken short by an exclamation of added horror from her -four sisters. - -"Oh, she has fallen down!" - -A profound silence while they all looked. - -"There, she is up again! Oh, my dear sisters, she is going to start -again! What shall we do with her, and why did this come upon us?" - -The four elder Misses Middleton sank again into their chairs. Miss -Thomasine remained at the window until the subject of their remarks had -disappeared among the trees at the farther end of the lawn. Then she too -resumed her seat. - -"Something must be done," said Miss Joanna, for at least the eleventh -time that morning. - -The five Misses Middleton lived in Alden, in a large old-fashioned house -on the outskirts of the town. Here their grandfather had bought an -extensive tract of land and had built a stately mansion in the days when -rooms were made of spacious breadth and depth and ceilings were lofty. -The town at that time was busy and bustling enough. A large number of -the inhabitants were seafaring men, and not only commanded their ships, -but owned them too, and foreign vessels touching at the port brought -much stir of life and commerce, now long since passed away. - -Old Captain Middleton sailed many a voyage in his own good ships, and -brought home not only plenty of money, but treasures from China and -Japan, and even from India. Among other things there was a quaintly -shaped yellow porcelain bowl decorated with odd Oriental colors, which -was made in China. It was not large, but its texture and workmanship -were exquisite, and it was said that there was no other like it in -America. In fact, there was but one other in the world, and that was in -the possession of a rich mandarin of Peking. This bowl had been -presented by old Captain Middleton to his daughter-in-law upon his son's -marriage, and it now belonged to their five daughters. It was always to -remain in the family, and it was known as the Middleton bowl. - -Times had changed in Alden, as the saying is, and it was no longer a -commercial town, but a sleepy, slow-going place as far as business was -concerned. Its present inhabitants, however, most of whose ancestors had -lived there for generations, endeavored to keep up with modern life and -thought. There were reading-clubs and intellectual societies of all -sorts for the serious-minded, and balls, assemblies, and teas for the -more frivolous, but the five Misses Middleton were beyond it all. Behind -the massive stone walls which surrounded their grandfather's acres, now -their own, they lived in seclusion, as remote from outside life and -outside ideas as though they dwelt in some lonely castle in an enchanted -wood. - -To be sure, they had frequent callers, for they were greatly respected -by their fellow-townspeople, and these calls were returned after the -proper interval of time had elapsed. - -Into this quiet household of five maiden ladies was suddenly -precipitated a twelve-year-old niece. Their only brother, Theodore by -name, who was very much younger than themselves, had early in life left -the quiet old home in Alden, and gone to one of the large cities, where -he married and became a prosperous business man. Circumstances now -obliged him to go to South America for six or eight months, and rather -than subject their only daughter Theodora to the dangers of the climate, -Mr. and Mrs. Middleton had asked her aunts to take charge of her until -their return. - -The five aunts were somewhat aghast at this proposition. Since Miss -Thomasine had given up her dolls and packed them tenderly away in the -attic many, many years ago, childhood was unknown to them, for -Theodora's home was far away, and she had never visited them before. - -However, it was a girl--a boy would have been absolutely impossible--and -next to Theodore she was their nearest of kin. And Mrs. Middleton -herself had suggested a means of relief should her daughter prove to be -too much care for them. - -"If you grow tired of her, or if she gives you any trouble, send her to -boarding-school. She will be happy at Miss Ford's, where I went, and I -have made every arrangement for her to go if she should be too much for -you. But I am sure no one could grow tired of my Teddy!" - -At first all went well. The aunts felt so sorry for poor little Theodora -when she was left for the first time in her life without her parents -that they vied with one another in their efforts to make her happy. Miss -Thomasine unpacked her dolls and carried them carefully downstairs, -smelling strongly of camphor, and seeming to blink their round, unseeing -black eyes in the unaccustomed glare of day. - -But Theodora only looked at them with a languid curiosity, spoke of -their being so "funny and old-fashioned," and then sneezed from the -fumes of the camphor, and turned away. - -Miss Joanna unlocked the corner cupboard and brought out her own china -tea-set, unplayed with now these fifty years. But Theodora almost -laughed at the clumsy shape of the sugar-bowl, and then accidentally -broke it, upon which Miss Joanna locked them all up again with an air -which showed that Theodora had handled them for the last time. - -Miss Melissa then produced some books, which her niece seized upon with -avidity. But she soon declared that she did not care for that kind of -story (they were some of Miss Edgeworth's tales), that Rosamond was a -perfect goose to think the purple vase was worth having. She, Theodora, -would have known better the moment she saw it. _She_ would have -discovered at once that it was filled with a purple powder, and was -really nothing but plain glass. - -Had not her aunts any boys' stories? She liked them best. Upon which the -five Misses Middleton looked at one another, and mentally held up their -hands in horror and dismay. And soon, all too soon, was it discovered -that the only things which really made Theodora happy were boys and -boys' games and boys' books. - -Miss Middleton herself, in the solemn conclave which took place upon the -morning when this story opens, was courageous enough to put the matter -into words. - -"I verily believe," said she, "that our niece Theodora is what is called -a--a tomboy!" - -"Sister!" cried they all, while four pairs of hands were uplifted and -then dropped into four silk laps; and Miss Middleton, having made this -statement, looked distinctly relieved. - -"And the worst of it," said Miss Joanna, "is that I strongly suspect we -have brought it upon ourselves. In order to save ourselves the trouble -of providing entertainment for Theodora, we actually suggested--one of -us did--that she should be allowed to play with the Hoyt children." - -Here she glanced severely at her sister Dorcas. Miss Dorcas made no -reply, but she looked guilty, and dropped a stitch in her knitting. - -"Dorcas forgot that they were all boys, I have no doubt," said Miss -Thomasine, in her gentle voice. "We knew Ellen Hoyt when she was young, -Joanna, you remember. As gentle a girl as ever lived." - -"Yes," rejoined Miss Dorcas, her courage returning when she found that -she had a champion. "It was natural that we should suppose her children -should be quiet and gentle too. I am sure I never dreamed that they were -all boys." - -"It has been most disastrous," continued Miss Joanna. - -"But there is one resource left," suggested Miss Melissa. "You know, -sisters, what Theodore's wife said--she spoke of it herself--I am sure -we should never have thought of it." - -Miss Melissa had a vague, hurried manner which never failed to irritate -her sister Joanna, who was brisk, and in other conditions of life would -have been businesslike. - -"If you mean the boarding-school plan, Melissa;" she said, "why do you -not say so in plain words? For my part, I think it would be the best -place for the child." - -"Not if we can help it," pleaded Miss Thomasine. "She is our niece, you -know, and I do not like the idea of closing our doors against her." - -"Thomasine, you are so extreme in your language," said Miss Middleton. -"I am sure no one dreams of closing our doors against Theodora; but if -we cannot control her, I quite agree with Joanna that it would be the -best place for her." - -It was just at this point in the conversation that a startling clamor -was heard from downstairs. The ladies were sitting in the "spare -chamber" on the second floor, as they were apt to do of a morning. The -noise drew nearer. It was unmistakably a cry of mingled wrath and pain, -and it was accompanied by the sound of hurrying feet. Children's shoes -were scuffling up the old oak staircase. It sounded as if at least a -dozen pairs of feet were hurrying toward the live Misses Middleton. - -The door opened with a burst, and into the room came Theodora. Blood was -streaming from her nose, tears from her eyes, and in her arms she -carried--was it? could it be? The five Misses Middleton looked, and -looked again. Their niece was bringing into their presence a dead -kitten! She was accompanied by two of her friends the Hoyt boys, but -they, dismayed by the sight of a circle of five ladies, retreated into -the hall, and peered through the crack of the half-open door. Still -another was at the foot of the stairs, not daring to come up higher. - -"Theodora, what is it?" cried Miss Middleton, while Miss Melissa -shuddered and felt for her smelling-salts. She was afraid of cats, even -of dead ones. - -"It's a dear little kitten, Aunt Adaline, and it is dead. It will never -breathe again. Oh, that horrible boy, that Andy Morse! I wish I had -killed _him_ dead! But I gave him a black eye, I know I did." - -"A black eye! Theodora, I insist upon knowing the cause of this uproar. -And the blood! Have you been hurt?" - -"Let me wash it away from your face," said Miss Thomasine; "but first, -if it is possible, Theodora, I think you had better get rid of -that--that cat." - -"Poor little kitten! We are going to have a nice funeral to make up to -it for all its sufferings. And I am not really much hurt, Aunt Tom. It's -a nose-bleed, so it looks as if I were. The boy punched me right in the -nose. But I kicked and scratched him well, I can tell you." - -The five aunts rose to their feet as one woman. They looked at Theodora, -and then they looked at one another. Finally they all sat down again. - -"Give that animal to those boys in the hall to take away, and then give -an account of yourself," commanded Miss Middleton. - -Theodora hesitated for a moment, and then she retired to the hall, where -she held a whispered conference with her waiting friends. - -"As nice a box as you can find," were her last words, "and loads of -flowers. Dig it pretty deep. I'll be there as soon as I can." - -Again there was the sound of clattering shoes upon the stairs, and -Theodora returned to her aunts. A maid was sent for, and the marks of -her recent conflict were washed away, to which proceedings she submitted -quietly, and then in a clean white apron she came back once more. She -closed the door into the hall at her aunts' request, and opened the -conversation at once. - -"I'll tell you how it was," she said. "You see, I was playing 'I spy' -with the Hoyts, having the best time you ever heard of; and do you know, -I can run as fast as Arthur and Clem, and almost as fast as Ray! We were -playing the kind of 'I spy' where you have to hide, and then run in to -goal when It is not looking. Did you ever play that way, Aunt Tom?" - -"No," murmured Miss Thomasine. - -"Do not stop for such questions," said Miss Middleton; "and do not -address your aunt so disrespectfully." - -"Why, I didn't mean to be disrespectful, Aunt Adaline. I call her that -because I love her, and I asked her last night, when she came to kiss me -good-night, if I might call her 'Aunt Tom,'and if she would please call -me 'Teddy' instead of hateful long Theodora, and she said I might, and -she would. Of course I shouldn't dream of calling you 'Aunt Ad,' or Aunt -Joanna 'Aunt Jo'; but Aunt Tom is different. She seems younger, and as -if she might be sort of jolly if you would only let her, so that is the -reason I asked her if she ever played that kind of 'I spy.' Of course I -don't suppose the rest of you ever played 'I spy' at all." - -And she looked about upon the group with some scorn. Teddy spoke very -rapidly, so this speech did not consume much time. - -"No, we never did," replied Miss Middleton, "and now we should be glad -to hear the remainder of your story." - -"Oh yes, I'm going to tell you. I got away from the others somehow, and -I thought I'd reach goal by a shorter way if I climbed the stone wall -and went by the road a little way." - -"Theodora!" - -"What, Aunt Joanna?" - -"Surely you did not climb the stone wall?" - -"Why, yes; it is as easy as anything! I'm sure you could yourself, Aunt -Joanna, just in that place. You put your foot right on a stone that juts -out, and if I were there to give you a boost, you would go over as easy -as anything." - -"Oh, my dear niece!" cried Miss Melissa; "I do hope, I really do hope -that your aunt Joanna-- She could not-- I am sure--" - -"Melissa," exclaimed her sister, "if you think over the matter for a -moment you will realize that no power on earth could tempt me to climb -the stone wall." - -"I hoped not, but--" - -Awed by a wrathful glance from behind Miss Joanna's spectacles, Miss -Melissa subsided, and again sniffed her salts. - -"Again I must ask you to continue," said Miss Middleton to her niece. "I -suppose you fell, which caused your nose to bleed?" - -"No, I didn't. I didn't fall at all. But who do you suppose I found in -the road? That horrible Andy Morse! You know he is a great big -fellow--bigger than Ray Hoyt. You've seen him about, probably. And he -was throwing stones at that poor dear kitten." Theodora's eyes grew big, -and her words came more slowly now, and with great emphasis. "He had it -tied to a stump, and he was throwing stones at it, and the last one, -just as I came up, killed the kitten." She paused, and looked about for -sympathy. "I suppose you all feel just as I did," she said, presently. -"As if your throats were all choked up, and you couldn't speak, and your -hearts were going to fly right out of your bodies, and your heads were -going to burst. That is the way I felt, and I am sure you would have -done just as I did. I walked right up to that boy, and before he even -knew I was there, I kicked him and scratched him, and banged my fist -right in his eye. 'There, Andy Morse,' I said, 'that's what you get for -stoning a kitten! How do you like that?' And he banged back, and that's -what made my nose bleed. Then he ran off as hard as he Could. Great -coward!" she added, contemptuously. "Think of stoning a kitten and -being driven off by a girl! If there were not a commandment about -killing people, I should really be almost sorry I hadn't killed him. Why -isn't it just as wicked to kill a cat as to kill a bad boy, Aunt -Adaline?" - -"I--I really cannot answer such a question, Theodora. You do not realize -what you are saying, I am sure. But you have done very wrong. I scarcely -know how to express my feelings at such conduct. I beg you will not do -so again. It was most unladylike, to say the least." - -"But he was hurting that poor kitten, Aunt Adaline! How could I help it? -Don't you think I did right, Aunt Tom?" she asked, turning in despair to -her favorite aunt. - -Miss Thomasine hesitated beneath the glare of eight sisterly eyes while -they awaited her reply. Theodora hoped for support, but she was -disappointed. - -"No, Teddy, I do not think you did right," said her aunt. "The boy was -very cruel, I admit, and I do not wonder at your indignation; but it was -not for you to inflict pain upon a fellow-creature. I think you were as -cruel to the boy as he was to the cat. Besides, it was not the proper -thing for a lady to do. Would your mother do such a thing?" - -Theodora was silent for a moment. "I don't suppose she would," she said, -presently; "and perhaps I ought not to have attacked Andy Morse the way -I did. I am not sorry yet about it, though, but perhaps I will be by -to-night. I will tell you if I am. And now may I go? They are waiting -for me to have the funeral." - -"My dear Theodora, what do you mean?" exclaimed Miss Middleton. - -"Why, you know what a funeral is, Aunt Adaline, don't you? We are going -to give the kitten a pleasant funeral to make up for its sad death." - -"Do you think they ought?" asked Miss Middleton, looking helplessly -about upon her companions. - -"It sounds very shocking, and I for one do not approve," said Miss -Joanna, with her customary decision. - -"I do not like the idea," murmured Miss Dorcas. - -"It seems--really, it seems--as if something ought to be done--to -correct. But I do not know--" faltered Miss Melissa. - -"Suppose I go with her to the place and see what they intend to do?" -suggested Miss Thomasine. - -"Do, sister!" said Miss Middleton. "It will ease my mind greatly if you -will." - -So Miss Thomasine went to her room, and with much deliberation dressed -herself for a walk to the garden with her niece. She put on her head a -large sun-hat drawn down on both sides with a broad white ribbon. This -ribbon she crossed beneath her chin and tied on top of the hat, which -was unadorned with other trimming. She placed upon her shoulders a black -silk mantilla, and drew on her brown thread gloves, the fingers of which -were very long and remained empty at the tips. Then she took her -sunshade and descended the stairs, calling to her niece as she went. - -[Illustration: ON THE WAY TO THE CAT'S FUNERAL.] - -The door of the great drawing-room was slowly opened, and Theodora came -out. Her face was much flushed, and she held one hand concealed beneath -her apron. Together they walked out the side door and down the gravelled -path to the garden. - -They had scarcely left the house before Miss Joanna went down to the -parlor to attend to her task of dusting the foreign treasures. They were -not intrusted to the house-maids, for the five sisters did it each in -turn. In a few moments she returned to the spare chamber and carefully -closed the door behind her. - -"Sisters," she exclaimed, "look at this!" - -She held up for their inspection a small piece of yellow Chinese -porcelain. - -"This," said she, "is all that is left of the Middleton bowl." - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -A LOYAL TRAITOR. - -A STORY OF THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN AMERICA AND ENGLAND. - -BY JAMES BARNES. - - -CHAPTER XII. - -A PRISONER OF WAR. - -I suppose that a man who has been almost drowned--to the limit that all -sense leaves him, at least--has drunk as deep of death as a person can -and talk of it afterwards. With a shifting light before my eyes, a -throbbing pain in my temples, and a sickness all through me, I found -myself knowing that I was breathing once more; but I was water-logged, -and when I attempted to move, I could feel that I was filled to the -throat with some gallons of brine. All at once I doubled up with a spasm -of choking, and in a minute I felt better. - -I was lying in the bow of a boat, whose motion I could feel distinctly, -but owing to the thwart being immediately over my head, I could see -nothing but a succession of sturdy legs and bare feet pushing against -the stretchers as the men rowed. - -Such an attack of hiccoughs racked me that it called attention to my -having regained my senses. - -"'Ullo, Bill, 'ere's another one come back from Davy Jones," said a -black-whiskered man, leaning over with his face close to mine. "He's -swallowed a bloomin' volcano, from the looks of him." - -"Where am I?" I murmured. - -"Wot a question!" was the answer. "This is the same old world, and full -of trouble. Did ye take us for angels and me for St. Peter?" - -"Help me up," I answered. - -The man bent down and hauled me out by the shoulders to a sitting -position; then I saw how it was. _Prisonnier!_ I was captured, and here -was a fine ending to the glorious life that I had been anticipating. - -I suppose now that if I had spoken all my thoughts since I had left -Belair, and asked even only a few of the many questions that my -common-sense prompted me to keep to myself, I should have been -considered stark, staring mad, let alone being a simpleton. It is almost -ridiculous to look back at it and think that I did not know certainly -who was the President of the United States, or anything about the -history of the last two years. If any one had told me that the British -killed their prisoners, I should not have doubted it, and what was to -become of me I had not the least idea, but I saw that I was not alone in -the strait. Out of the crew of nineteen men that were in the long-boat, -ten, including the wounded seaman, were sitting dejectedly in the bow -and stern-sheets. Together with the Englishmen, we crowded the barge -uncomfortably, but not dangerously. - -The British sailors appeared to be rather a beefy set, and they were in -high spirits over their capture. An officer, with his hair standing up -in tall curls over his forehead, sat in the stern-sheets bareheaded. He -was nursing a wounded hip carefully, and half leaning against a little -midshipman, who had his arm thrown about his shoulder. - -Raising my eyes from the boat, I perceived that the frigate was drifting -with her topsail against the mast only a few hundred yards from us. I -began to feel a bitter hatred of her, and it gave me pleasure to see the -long white gashes in her sides, and to notice the effect of the gunnery -of the _Young Eagle_ plainly apparent. - -"Halloa, Johnny Bull!" said some one behind me with a laugh, "I guess -you run against something, didn't you, a short while ago? Ship looks -kind of unhealthy, like a man's face with the small-pox." - -I turned. It was Sutton, the foretopman, speaking. He did not appear to -be very much depressed by his surroundings, nor did he fear the result -of his impudence, to judge of his expression. - -"Stow your jaw," answered one of the Englishmen. "There are worse things -than small-pox." - -I noticed that the man's face was pitted deeply. - -"That's so," Sutton replied; "there's the cat, for instance. I beg your -pardon for not thinking of it; I shouldn't slight an acquaintance of -yours for anything." - -There was some more coarse badinage, not worth recording, and we were -under the shadow of the ship. Many faces lined her bulwarks, and a rope -being thrown to us, soon we were fending the boat off from the side. -Then a rope-ladder rattled down, and not without some difficulty those -in the bow began to clamber up. - -Soon it was my turn. It was not until I reached the deck that I had any -idea of the effect of shot and splinter, but the dark stains, hastily -mopped up, had a reddish tinge that was suggestive, and the loose -running-gear that had fallen from aloft showed that Captain Temple must -have used some of the missiles condemned by the English--and here, let -me state, afterwards used by them, to which I can make oath. - -As we were being hastened below many were the looks of hatred thrown at -us, and cutting taunts also in plenty. To all of these Sutton kept a -running fire of replying, in which he was ably seconded by one or two -others. - -"Why, my old boiled lobster," he replied to a marine who thrust his -great face over the hatch-combing as we descended, "if I hadn't ketched -a crab, I believe we'd 'a' took you with the long-boat!" - -A young officer was directing our guards where to stow us, and under his -orders we were huddled together in the fore-hold, near the cable tier, -where the only light and air that reached us came down through the -chain-hatch. - -I looked about and saw that there were in our party six sailormen and -four landsmen who had been enrolled in our marine force. We presented a -sorry appearance sitting there in the dim light on a lot of spare cable, -the most uncomfortable thing to rest on that one can imagine. - -What had become of the rest of us in the long-boat I did not know then, -but as I found out afterwards, I might as well tell of it here. There -had been nineteen in all when we started; seven reached the shore -safely, two were drowned--one of them, alas! the brave cockswain who had -been wounded, as I have stated. Now as there is no report of this action -to be found in the naval chronicles of Great Britain--at least I do not -know of any--it may be of interest to put down what we heard of it, -although it cannot be vouched for. From the talk we heard, I make out -that there were nine killed on board the _Acastra_ (for this was the -name of the vessel), and upwards of twenty wounded. There were two -killed on board the _Young Eagle_, and two wounded. In this, I think, I -am correct. - -The groaning of the poor lad with the bloody head caused me to wonder -whether this was going to be our prison cell, or whether we were placed -there temporarily before moving to a better or a worse one. Sutton took -off his jacket, and we made Mackie, the man I had saved from drowning, -the wounded one, as comfortable as we possibly could; but it was not -long before he was wandering in his mind, and this depressed us all, for -there is nothing so apt to cut one's spirits as the watching of -suffering beyond the power of alievement. - -We were sitting in silence when a voice broke upon us. - -"Is there an officer down there?" it questioned. "I hear that one of you -is an officer." - -"Yes," said Sutton, "there is." - -Then he whispered to me, placing one hand on my shoulder, "Speak up, -lad; it will do no harm to play it so, and you may get a chance to speak -to some one higher than these hulk-scuttlers. Make a plea for Mackie, if -you can, or the boy will die down here in this rat-hole." - -So I stood up on my feet, and gazing up at the circle of light through -which came the cable, I said, loudly, "What do you want of me?" - -For an instant I thought that I was going to be made the victim of a -joke, as the man did not reply, but talked to some one evidently -standing over him. - -"Yes, sir," he said, "there's an officer, a midshipman, I dare say, down -there with them." - -In a few minutes we heard the drawing of the heavy bolts that held the -door through the bulkhead into the mid-hold, and some one said, "Let -that young man who spoke come here." - -I stepped out. The door was closed behind me, and I saw it was guarded -by two marines with muskets. Stumbling over barrels and boxes, I -followed the three figures ahead of me up the ladder at an order from -one of them, and soon I found myself on the berth-deck. We were -evidently crowding on all sail, for the frigate heeled over to such an -angle that the half-ports had been closed for comfort, but the water -dashed in through several rents in her top sides. A shiver passed over -me, for the idea suddenly came that I was going to be hanged or thrown -overboard, and this was emphasized by the sight I caught of four sailors -carrying a limp dead Englishman up from the cockpit--that he had died -under the surgeon's knife was evident. - -From the deck above came the sound of shouting and hurrying. The frigate -came up into the wind, that must have freshened, and swung off on the -other tack. As soon as this had occurred, I noticed that some one was -coming down the ladder near where I stood. As he stooped under a beam -and approached us, I perceived that the man was in a handsome uniform, -with great epaulets and much gilt braid. - -"One of the Yankee pirates, eh?" he said, but despite the import of the -words his voice had a fine ring to it, and at one glance into his face I -saw here was a man who would stoop to no mean revenge. His light blue -eyes were almost kindly were it not for the bent brows above them; his -face was extremely handsome and well moulded. - -"Are you an officer of that brig?" questioned the tall man, who I now -made out must be the Captain of the frigate. - -"I am," I replied, drawing myself up, and making a salute with my elbow -at right angles and my fingers at my forehead. - -With a quick glance at my position the Captain made this statement: - -"An officer, eh? But _you_ are no sailor; you may be a soldier, though." - -I almost faltered in my reply. - -"I am instructor in cutlass drill and small arms," I said. - -The Englishman half smiled at this. - -"A nautical maitre d'armes?" he asked. - -"Oui, monsieur," I returned. - -"And speaks French in the bargain, by St. George! Well, well! What is -the name of that vessel you belonged to?" - -"The _Young Eagle_." - -"Privateer, eh? I thought as much." - -At this he called up the ladder to the spar-deck. - -"Oh, Mr. Vyse!" he said. "It was a Yankee privateer, and not the _Wasp_ -or the _Hornet_, or any of their navy." - -I was tempted to reply something about _stinging_, nevertheless, but I -held my tongue. - -"What's your Captain's name?" was the next question. - -I gave it, and the names of the three other officers, but I was -interrupted. - -"Well, you can tell Captain Temple, with Captain Hilton's compliments, -that he is the most impudent and most reckless scamp unhanged," said the -tall man, quietly. - -"When shall I see him, sir?" I asked. - -"Lord knows. Not for some time, I judge," was the answer. Then Captain -Hilton turned. "Take him below again," he ordered to my guards. - -They stepped forward, and each laid a hand on my shoulders. I pushed -them off. - -"One moment, sir," I began. "There is a member of our crew badly wounded -below with us. He will surely die unless something is done for him." - -As I was speaking an officer had descended the ladder from above. I had -seen the heels of his boots as he stood on the top step for some time. -He was short and thick-set, with a mottled reddish face. - -"Mr. Vyse, you heard what this lad said. Pray see that this wounded man -is attended to in accordance with his hurt, and his place of confinement -changed if necessary." - -"Very good, sir," the short man answered, but he had such a mean look on -his face that I took a distrust against him. - -When I reached the hold again and was thrust in once more among my -companions, there was a deal of questioning. - -"You should have said you were a Lieutenant," said Sutton. - -"It would have made no difference with a privateer officer," put in -another seaman, Edward Brown, a Long-Islander. "They'd hang us all if -they dared; and, mark me, they won't pamper us." - -I did not tell of my military salute, that was so involuntary, having -betrayed me, but of course I can see it was the reason of the Captain's -quick statement. - -It was pitch-dark down in our dank, bilge-smelling hole, and long after -we stopped talking I could not fall asleep. The ridges of the cable -worked into my flesh, and the muttered complaints of the others as they -tried to make themselves comfortable and found they could not, mingled -with the light-headed ramblings of poor Mackie, and a sound suspiciously -like weeping from the corner in which lay one of the young landsmen, all -combined to add to the misery. - -Mr. Vyse had failed to carry out his superior's instructions, and there -had been no one to look after the wounded man, nor had we been given so -much as a pannikin of water, and we were all suffering from thirst. - -Morning came slowly down to us after an apparent year of night, and with -it some relief, for we were given something to eat and drink. Weevilly -bread, greenish salt-horse, and water that smelt unhealthy do not make a -meal that is inviting, but we ate it. After it had been passed in to us -through the entrance we heard a banging and clattering, and found they -were nailing up this mode of ingress. Our next meal was lowered to us -through the circular opening overhead. It was but a foot or so in -diameter, and thus we were bottled up, as it were, like flies in a jug. -On this day Mackie was very low, and we all thought like to die. I doubt -very much if any of us could have lived many days in that foul, close -place, but we had to stand it some time longer, and the way out of it -was like this: The third day, at about noon, we heard the stirring and -trampling of feet and the confused muttering of voices. I swarmed up the -cable until my head was close to the opening, and there I listened. They -were casting loose a gun and dealing out powder and shot--I could make -that clearly out. But now I heard the sounds of conversation close to -me. - -"It's the _Constitution_," said a voice; "at least they say so up on -deck." - -"Then we're in for it," was the reply. "I've heard tell, messmate, that -she's a sixty-gun ship in disguise." - -"How far off is she?" was the question. - -"About six miles off the larboard bow. Here, you can see her from the -port." - -"What's going on up there?" asked Sutton from below. - -"They say we have sighted a ship, the _Constitution_; and they're -clearing decks for action," I answered. - -"The _Constitution_!" exclaimed Brown. "Then we're free men. Cheer up, -my hearties!" - -Sutton's reply to this startled me so that I almost slid down the cable. -Three roaring huzzas broke from him, in which the others joined. Soon I -felt the swaying of my support, and I saw that the quarter gunner was -climbing up to me. It was a crawl of some ten feet. - -"It's a good thing, Debrin, that we are below water if we get to -bandying shot, I tell you. See how she raked the _Guerrière_." Sutton -chuckled. - -But we could understand nothing from the confusion of sounds, until all -at once I heard a voice I recognized speaking close to me. I knew the -tones before I caught the words. It was Captain Hilton. In whatever he -was saying I interrupted him. - -[Illustration: "OH, CAPTAIN HILTON," I CRIED. "WE'VE A DYING MAN DOWN -HERE."] - -"Oh, Captain Hilton," I cried, "for Heaven's sake, help us! We've a -dying man down here." - -"Who's that speaking?" questioned the Captain. - -"The prisoners in the chain-hold, sir." I heard the answer given in a -gruff tone, but most politely. - -"That is no place for them," said Hilton, angrily, "and I thought I gave -orders--" - -The rest of his speech I did not catch, for a roller hand-spike rumbled -on deck in such a way as to drown it, but I thought I detected some -expostulation from the other voice. - -We slid down, Sutton and I, to the others. Mackie was conscious, but so -weak from his fever and suffering that he could not lift his head. When -we told him the news he drew a long breath. - -"It's too late, messmates," he whispered. "I'm done for, I fear me." - -We sat there now with courage growing, waiting to cheer at the first -gun-shot; but all was silence from above. This continued for full ten -minutes; then we heard the sound of laughter, and caught the words: - -"The signal of the day, eh? I know her; it's the _Pique_." - -Sutton, who had understood, struck out with both feet and arms, -muttering to himself. - -"It's one of their own vessels," he cried. "Did you ever see such luck?" - -But my cry for succor, heard by the English Captain, had done us good, -and that afternoon the barriers were broken down from the entrance, and -we were transferred to a more comfortable place of confinement under the -steerage bulkhead, where at least we could sleep on hard boards, and we -were given a blanket apiece. - -Poor Mackie was taken to the sick-bay. It was evident that he was not -long for this world--and alas! and alas! in four days the news was -brought to us that our messmate had died; his skull had been fractured, -and the doctor wondered at his having held to life so long. He was -buried at sea, and I must say this, that Captain Hilton proved himself -to be a magnanimous, big-hearted gentleman, for we were allowed on deck, -and a passage of Scripture was read before they dropped the closed -hammock overboard into the great graveyard of the sailor. - -As we went below to our cell, which was a partition of the after-hold, -as I have said, Sutton observed to me: - -"We're steering to the eastward. Yes, and we'll see the inside of a -prison where men rot, if tales are true. We're bound for England, lad." - -Now the time went by, and even the count of days was lost. We sang -songs, told stories, and played at draughts and other games that we -could manage in our limited room. I wish I had here space to record all -that passed. Some of the yarns spun would be worth the reading, and I -learned a great deal about the condition of affairs between America and -England, and that, as my friend Plummer said, "we had given the lion's -tail a twist, and a good one." - -One of the songs that was most popular was "Hull's Victory," and a -rattling good sea song it was. I used to take the tenor, Sutton the -bass, in a way that would make the beams shake, and were it not that we -were on short allowance in the eating line we would have been quite -comfortable. Every day two of us at a time were allowed to take the air, -in charge of a marine. Sometimes it was Sutton and I who walked -together, and sometimes it was Brown or Craig, the landsman, who was my -companion. Poor Craig! His spirit appeared entirely broken. He had -behaved bravely in the long-boat, but now his lack of heart was pitiful. -He contributed little to our enjoyment, and the only person who ever -gave him a kindly word, I really think, was myself. He spoke to me often -of his home and of the sorrow it had given his mother to part with him. -I can vouch for this, that if he ever got back there, he would stay; for -all desire toward adventure and roaming was killed within him. - -I have not mentioned the other seamen by name purposely, for, with the -exception of Brown and Sutton, they were an ordinary set of good and bad -who would have done well under competent leadership perhaps, but who -displayed no individuality; but they were all loyal to their flag, and -did not appear much cowed by their confinement. When I walked the deck -with Sutton I enjoyed it most. He was an old man-of-war's man, and -criticised the handling of the _Acastra_ in rather a superior manner. - -Some of the foremast hands amongst the Englishmen were rather kindly -disposed toward us, and many bits of tobacco they gave out of sheer -kindheartedness to our forlorn little hand, some of whom had suffered -actually from being deprived of the stimulant. - -It happened that Brown and I were walking the deck when the sound of -"land, ho!" came down from the mast-head. During the last day or so we -had sighted a number of sail, all English, but now this created some -excitement. There must have been a mist on the water that had hidden the -land as we approached it, for by the time our recreation was almost -ended we could spy it from the deck as we passed the gangway--tall white -cliffs showing above the horizon. - -"That's Land's End," observed Brown, jumping up to look over the -bulwarks, for of course we were not allowed to approach near a port. -"Johnny Cutlass, my son, this voyage is over. In three hours we'll be in -the English Channel, and then for a little sojourn on board the hulks, -or maybe we'll be shipped direct to one of their land prisons, where -we'll find plenty of company, if I don't miss my reckoning; but keep up -courage--things might be worse." - -We were the last to go on deck this day, but the news we brought down -with us started a great lot of talking. All showed interest but Craig, -who sat there in his usual position, with his forehead on his knees. But -a great change in our life was destined for the morrow. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -TYPICAL ENGLISH SCHOOLS. - -BY JOHN CORBIN. - - -ETON. - -Fifty years after William of Wykeham founded Winchester, King Henry the -Sixth founded a school at Eton, a little town across the Thames from his -great palace at Windsor. The rules he drew up for governing his -"college" he copied from Wykeham; and in order to give it the best -possible start, he took one-half the college at Winchester--the head -master, five fellows, and thirty-five scholars--and settled them at -Eton. For a hundred years or so Eton was a mere daughter of Winchester; -but as centuries passed it took a different character. Its site, in the -very shadow of Windsor Castle, naturally secured for it royal favor. -George the Third and William the Fourth took a lively personal interest -in its welfare; and in late years members of the royal family, the sons -of the Duke of Connaught and the little Duke of Albany, grandchildren of -Queen Victoria, have come to Eton to prepare for the university. To-day -the school numbers over a thousand--twice as many as Winchester--and its -graduates include far more men of birth or genius than those of any -other public school. Just as Winchester raised the standard of -scholarship at Oxford, so Eton has made Oxford the university of the -English aristocracy. - -[Illustration: A GROUP OF "HOUSES," THE CHAPEL IN THE DISTANCE.] - -The most interesting part of the buildings are the school-rooms, which -stand to-day almost precisely as they were built. It gives you a queer -feeling to think how many boys and how many generations of boys have sat -on those benches at _Arma virumque cano_, or trying to drum the [Greek: -ho], [Greek: hê], [Greek: tó] into heads that are already overflowing -with dreams of fresh breezes on the river, and of the sound of the -cricket-ball on the playing-fields. - -On the wood-work of the rooms you will find the names of the boys who -have studied here. On this post you can read H. Wesley, which, Etonians -will tell you, is the way Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, used to -write his name. Pitt carved his name twice, in modest little italics. -Charles James Fox sprawled his in bold capitals across a high rail of -the panelled wainscot. And here is Shelley. Each letter is quite -plainly, even boldly formed; and yet they all huddle together so -nervously that they seem to shrink from being seen. As you look at them, -you call to mind the courage and independence that made Shelley refuse -to be fagged, and then his pitiful plight when the fag-masters got up -"Shelley baits," and hunted him through the town;--you can almost see -his pale cheeks and his lustrous eyes. Many of these famous names stand -in a group of their school friends--a poet between a banker and a -soldier, all boys together--and among these many another, perhaps the -most popular of all the boys at school, of whom the world has never -heard. Gladstone's name is as correct as an epitaph. And so it is an -epitaph of the ancient custom of carving your own name, for since his -time you have to pay ten shillings when you leave school, and have a -carver do it for you. These carved names are still arranged in groups of -friends; and sometimes you will find a boy's name where his father and -grandfather placed theirs; but they are all as like as so many types in -a font; not one of them tells you a syllable about what kind of a boy -the owner was. It would be so much better to allow each boy a certain -space, and let him carve his own name the day he leaves. - -[Illustration: THE LOWER SCHOOL, WITH CARVINGS ON SHUTTERS AND POSTS.] - -Eton, like Winchester, has seventy scholars--"King's scholars," or -"collagers," as they are called--who are chosen by competitive -examination, and are supported by the funds of the foundation. Every -year four or five of these are awarded scholarships at King's College, -Cambridge, just as the best boys from Winchester go to New College, -Oxford. The rest of the boys, as at Winchester, live under the care of -masters in houses of about thirty-five boys each, scattered through the -town, and are called "oppidans." The oppidans call the collagers "tugs," -a word which probably refers to their _togas_--that is, gowns. Not many -years ago the collagers were so poorly fed and housed, and so wretched -generally, that the phrase was "beastly tugs"; but of late this class -prejudice is dying out, and the fact that several of the collagers have -been great athletes and good fellows all round has worked wonders. One -still hears of "beastly tugs," and the prejudice against being supported -by the college is not yet dead; but one finds it mostly among the -younger boys, and even they do not feel it half so much as they pretend. - -The government of the school is very like that at Winchester. The -Captain of the College has much the same duties as the Prefect of Hall, -and is aided by the other best scholars. The oppidans have also a -Captain, but he is under the Captain of the College. Besides this, the -houses have each a Captain, as the Winchester houses, have Prefects. Of -course it does not always happen that the man who leads his house in -scholarship is man enough to rule the rest; but if he is not, the -leading athletes step in and take matters into their own hands. - -[Illustration: THE QUADRANGLE OF THE "COLLEGE."] - -The punishment masters give for small offences is _poenas_--that is, -lines of Latin or Greek to write out. In extreme cases the head master -"swishes" a boy with a lot of birch twigs tied together. In time past -swishing seems to have been about the only means of discipline, and the -head master had a regular block for the purpose. One night a lot of old -Etonians, who had been celebrating a cricket victory, broke into the -room where the block was, and carried it off to London. There they -hired rooms and founded an Eton Block Society, to which no one could -belong who had not been swished on the block at school. - -What Wykehamists call _tunding_, Etonians call _smacking_. The only -difference is that instead of standing up, the culprit sometimes has to -put his head under a table, while the Captain rushes across the room -with uplifted rod. Etonians say that though smacking sometimes draws -blood, the worst part of the punishment is the suspense of waiting -between blows with your head under the table. The offences punished by -smacking are disorder and disobedience in the house. On an average, the -head master has only half a dozen boys or so to swish each term, and the -average boy is not smacked more than a dozen times during his six years -at Eton. Many people, of course, think bodily punishment very brutal, -but I never knew a public-school boy or a master who did not approve of -it as practised nowadays. In fact, you could hardly enlist the older -boys on the side of law and order without giving them a means of -discipline which the younger boys respect; and if you didn't do this, -you would have to give up the best parts of the public schools. - -The houses at Eton are clustered about the college, and look very -comfortable with their broad, ivy-covered fronts, and window-boxes -blazing with flowers. In the description of Winchester, there was so -much to say about the college that I had no room to speak of the houses; -but at Eton the houses are the more important part. Instead of large -common sleeping-rooms, the boys have each a room of his own. These are -not usually more than ten feet square, and besides a folding-bed, -bath-tub, and wash-stand, they contain not only a fireplace, to cook -meals, and a tea table, but also a study table and chair, and sometimes -a bookcase and ottoman. You wouldn't think there was much space left for -a boy to live in, to say nothing of making a racket, but there is. A -favorite joke in some of the houses is to gather all the bath-tubs in a -hall, and shove them through the transom into some poor fellow's room. -This fills the room so full that the boy who owns it has to get the -care-taker to drag out each separate bath-tub, amid vast sound and -confusion, before he can go to bed. In the winter months the boys play -football up and down the halls, using the doors at either end for goal. -This also makes enough noise. But these are not the only diversions. In -a number of rooms you will find collections of books far larger and more -wisely selected than is usual on the shelves even of American university -men. - -A boy enters his house at about twelve years old. From this time on he -is carefully watched by the house-master, with a view to checking his -bad traits and developing his good ones. Most of the masters make it a -point to find out all they can about a boy from his parents, and then -carry on his training as it was begun; or if he thinks his training -unwise, to correct it. The fact that most of the troublesome details of -discipline are in the hands of the elder boys makes a master's relations -with his pupils unusually frank and affectionate. And as the masters are -always well educated, usually sensible, and often famous athletes, they -have a strong and very admirable influence. Much of all this, of course, -the boy never suspects. He simply grows to respect and like his master -without quite knowing why. - -A master's best means of bringing out a boy's character is to put him in -the way of having the right sort of comrades. Sometimes the older -boys--perhaps at the master's suggestion--invite new boys to breakfast, -as second-year men at the university invite freshmen; but usually a boy -becomes acquainted with his seniors by fagging for them. His severest -duties as a fag are to cook breakfast and supper in his fag-master's -room; but in many of the houses the boys eat their meals together, so -the fags have a pretty easy time of it. In fact, altogether too much has -been said about the tyranny and brutality of fagging. Most small boys -are glad enough to be with the big boys, and a Senior who plays football -or rows well might have as many youngsters to wait on him as he chose. -Fag-masters are often the fags' best friends, and even at the -universities afterward keep a kindly eye upon them. Sometimes it happens -that a fag turns out a great cricketer or oarsman, in which case his old -fag-master is as proud of him as of a younger brother. Like as not in -after-life a country parson can look back upon the time when he fagged -the bishop of his diocese. Like tunding or smacking, fagging is at -bottom more humane than the neglect which a small boy suffers at an -American school. - -The boys are kept very much together in each house by their meals and -the early hour of "lock-up"; while chapel, frequent school-hours, and -"absences"--that is, roll-calls--keep them from spending much time away -from the school. As a result the fellows in a house get to know each -other thoroughly, and to stick together like brothers. Each house has -its debating and literary society, its football and cricket teams, and -its crew. Where there is so much loyalty to the house, it is only -natural that rivalry among the houses should be keen. Ten times as many -boys go into athletic contests as in America. Altogether a house is a -miniature college, and a school a small university. Even if a boy didn't -know a soul outside of his house, he need never become lonesome, and -seldom homesick. This life in the houses is almost all the society boys -have at most public schools. - -Eton, however, is so large that it supports several school societies. -The most important of these is the Eton Society, or "Pop," as it is -generally called. When Pop was founded early in the present century, its -aim was purely literary. Mr. Gladstone relates that in his time they -used to elect now and then a solid athletic man, because they believed -in encouraging sports. To-day Pop still holds debates; but it has grown -almost exclusively athletic. One of the younger masters told me that as -a boy he and a few others succeeded in electing a Captain of the College -who, though a good fellow, was not an athlete; but that to do it they -had to blackball everybody else till their man got in. Present members -say that only good athletes are elected. The clever fellows have a -society of their own, which is much what Pop was at first. - -The members of Pop are mainly the cricketers who play against Winchester -and Harrow, and the boating-men who row for and often win the Ladies' -Plate at Henley. These together make, say, twenty, and eight more or so -are chosen from the fellows who "get their colors" for playing the Eton -games of football, which are so different from all other Rugby football -that they can play them only among themselves. You must not think, -however, that a man will get on Pop merely for being a great athlete. He -must be a first-rate fellow besides, and as it happens, there are always -a number of clever men and good scholars among the athletes in the -society. In a word, Pop is the best society that can be made up from the -athletic men, and is even more purely athletic than the Dickey at -Harvard or Vincent's at Oxford. - -The authority Pop exercises over the school, though so peculiar as to be -difficult to describe, is enormous. It is as great, for instance, as -that of the three Senior societies at Yale, and is shown in much the -same way. Yet such revolts of public opinion as have occurred of late at -Yale, for instance, during the discussion of the undergraduate rule, are -unknown. It would be more just to compare Pop to the Yale Senior -societies at their prime--that is, before the university began to -outgrow them. The most obvious way in which Pop affects Eton life is, of -course, in matters of school discipline. Such offences as do not come -directly within the province of the Captains or the masters, Pop deals -with in no faint-hearted manner. For instance, some years ago a boy who -had gone with the Eton eleven to Winchester sent home bogus telegrams -about the match, and kept the fellows swarming about the bulletin-boards -at Eton in anxious suspense. Now there is nothing an English boy likes -better than a hoax, but not about such serious subjects. When that -youngster got back to Eton, Pop smacked him soundly--or, in the Eton -phrase, he was "Pop-caned." On another occasion, when a number of boys -had been expelled for a very serious offence which had been proved -against them, one of them made an imposing exit in a drag at an hour -when the street in front of the college was swarming with the boys. -Being a popular fellow, he was loudly cheered. For this outbreak against -the action of the masters, numbers of the elder boys were Pop-caned. - -Such societies as Pop form almost the entire social life at most -American schools and universities; but in England the members never lose -loyalty for the college or house they belong to. This is the reason why -at Eton Pop has such a strong and good influence over the rest of the -school. In America, when a man gets into a leading society he is -naturally and almost inevitably drawn away from his earlier and less -fortunate friends, so that the school or university is split up into two -parts--those who are in things and those who are not. Very often, too, -as at Harvard, those who are in things are divided among themselves, so -that there is no unity of spirit. Our societies will, of course, always -exist; but their evil influence might be destroyed, and their good -influence strengthened, by forming the school into houses as soon as the -boys arrive, and the universities into something like colleges. - -By this time you must have suspected that in spite of a lingering class -prejudice against the tugs, the Eton spirit is really democratic. At -Oxford and Cambridge Lord So-and-so may often find his way where plain -So-and-so could not go; but English schoolboys refuse to give way to -mere lords and earls. A tradesman once told me of the experience of the -little Earl of Blank, who used to present his card when buying things. -The other boys found it out, followed him from shop to shop, and booted -him every time he did it. "All the same," said the tradesman, "it is -awkward when a nobleman tells you his plain name, and you send the goods -to _Blank, Esq._" As often as not one gets to know a fellow pretty well -before finding out that he has a title. The little Princes of Connaught, -and even the Duke of Albany, will boil their own kettles for tea, and -perhaps even fag with the other boys. It was not only on the -playing-fields of Eton that the battle of Waterloo was won. It was in -the school-rooms and houses as well. - - - - -THE EVOLUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. - -BY HERBERT LAWS WEBB. - - -Electrical engineering began with the telegraph, some sixty years ago. -The road for the telegraph was paved by many great experimenters and -discoverers. Under their patient and fostering care the infant showed -its first teeth, so to speak. - -In 1837, when Queen Victoria was just beginning her long reign, the -telegraph began to do practical work. Cooke and Wheatstone started a -system in London, with instruments having five little needles bobbing -about, by which the signals were read. Five wires had to be strung -between the two stations, but the system was soon improved so that only -one was required. This telegraph very early in its life received a -splendid advertisement by causing the arrest of a murderer, who -otherwise might have escaped. He was travelling to London after his -crime, and expected to lose himself among the crowds of the city. But it -so happened that a trial of the telegraph was being made along the very -line of railway. His description was telegraphed to London, and he -stepped from the train into the arms of the police. - -At the same time that Cooke and Wheatstone were working in England, -Morse was hard at work in America. His system was very complete and -practical, and, once he was able to give it a fair trial in public, it -was received with great enthusiasm in this country and all over the -world. The instrument that makes the furious rattling you hear in the -halls of all the hotels is Morse's instrument. - -Morse's first public trial was made in 1844--fifty-three years ago. -After that telegraph lines were built up very quickly in all parts of -the world. Many clever men took up the work, and invented methods and -devices for improving the systems, and to-day the extent of the -telegraph lines of the world and the amount of work done are simply -stupendous. To give just two examples: In the early years of the -telegraph the lines were quite short, and only a few words could be -signalled in a minute. To-day a line is building from Cairo to Cape -Town, the clear length of the African continent, and there are in daily -use automatic instruments which send long press messages at the rate of -450 words a minute. In sending by hand forty words a minute is quite a -common speed. - -As soon as land telegraphs were fairly started men said, why not lay -wires under the sea? Why not? So in 1850 they laid a wire under the -English Channel, from Dover to Calais. It was a very short-lived line, -because the day after it was laid a French fisherman picked it up with -his anchor, and knowing nothing about telegraphs, and caring less, cut -it in two to clear his miserable anchor. The next year they laid a -strong cable, sheathed with iron wires, proof against fishermen's -knives. That worked splendidly, and they say that parts of that same -cable are still working under the Channel. Of course it has been often -repaired and pieced out with new, but it shows what sturdy offspring an -infant can have when a submarine wire forty-five years old still does -service. - -After that submarine cables were laid down between various countries. -Some of them were costly failures, because, although the men who had -taken the infant in charge had learned a great deal about its little -ways, they had not learned all the refinements necessary to success in -laying and working deep-sea ocean cables. So, in 1857, when Cyrus Field -formed his Atlantic Telegraph Company, the cable that he and his plucky -companions laid under the Atlantic failed completely of its object. But -Field and some of those with him simply would not accept defeat. So they -spent more money, laid more cables, failed again, toiled and moiled and -worked like beavers for years, until at last in 1866 they finished a -cable from Ireland to Nova Scotia that worked like a charm. It was, -without exception, the greatest piece of work ever done in electricity, -and its history is one of the finest of the many tales of engineering -enterprise. - -To-day there are about a dozen cables between North America and Europe, -and three between South America and Europe. There are cables in every -sea and ocean in the world, and across every ocean except the Pacific. -In all there are more than 150,000 miles of submarine cable under the -waters of the globe, and there is a fleet of forty ships, large and -small, fitted out solely for the purpose of laying and repairing -submarine cables. Nowadays the laying of an Atlantic cable attracts no -attention, and the fishing up of a slender rope less than an inch thick -from the floor of the ocean, 12,000 or 15,000 feet down, is a thing done -a dozen times a year. In Cyrus Field's time the Atlantic cable was the -topic of the world for years, and the recovery of the broken cable was -for a long time impossible, because no machinery then made could stand -the strain. - -In 1866 a telegram from New York to London took hours on the way. For -many years past the merchants of the two cities have been in the habit -of grumbling vigorously if they don't get replies to their messages -within half an hour of despatching. The result of the Derby is known in -New York before the winning horse has slacked his pace after passing the -judge's box, and it is all over the world before the proud owner has had -time to lead him back into the paddock. A cable message goes round the -world in an hour or so, and the sun gets so rattled that people hear of -events that happened to-morrow. - -No sooner had the world got fairly settled down to submarine telegraphy -than the dynamo came along. Up to that time electricity had always been -procured from chemical batteries. To obtain it mechanically by moving a -coil of wire in front of a magnet was a great step in advance. The -infant was now striding along lustily. Batteries are expensive, -inconvenient, and of very small power. Once get electricity from a -machine, and there is no limit to the amount to be got. The arc-light -had been produced by means of joining many hundreds of batteries -together, but that was a brilliant experiment--there was nothing -practical or commercial about it. But with an electric machine it was -different, and once the machine was in existence the electric light was -something to think about. - -[Illustration: AN ELECTRIC LIGHTING PLANT.] - -The evolution of the electric motor followed, as a natural thing, from -the evolution of the dynamo, for a motor is simply a dynamo reversed. In -the dynamo you revolve the armature--as the coils that move between the -magnets are called--and the machine gives out current. In the motor you -feed current into the armature, and it revolves and gives out mechanical -power. There is a very pretty story to the effect that this action was -discovered quite by chance. In some accidental way the wires leading -from a dynamo at work were connected to another dynamo, and this second -one at once began to turn merrily round, as if by magic. However this -may be, the dynamo had been in existence for some time before any -practical work was done in sending power from place to place along a -slender wire. The electric motor, as a commercial machine, is barely ten -years old. Yet now its busy cheerful hum may be heard under thousands of -street cars in hundreds of towns. It is used to work all sorts of -machinery, from the sewing-machine and the dentist's drill (beastly -thing!) to heavy factory machines of all kinds. Ten years ago the -electric motor was in its swaddling-clothes, and was never placed out of -sight of its nurse, the dynamo. Nowadays electrical engineers think -nothing of building motors of several hundreds of horse-power, and of -placing them many miles from the dynamos that supply them with current. -In this way a factory may be run by the power of a waterfall ever so -many miles distant. The waterfall drives the dynamo, the dynamo sends -its current along wires carried on poles up hill and down dale until -they reach the motor, and the motor drives the machinery of the mill. At -Niagara Falls work of this kind will be done on a very large scale, and -many places round about will be supplied with light and power from the -huge dynamos that are to be placed there. - -Perhaps the most beautiful and intelligent of this wonderful family of -"infants" was born eighteen years ago--the telephone. Even when it was -the tiniest kind of an infant, and many men, some of them quite clever -in other lines than prophesying, thought it would never be more than a -puny little creature--a sort of scientific freak--the telephone was the -most wonderful thing of the century. It did something absolutely new. It -took your voice, made an electric current of it, and turned it out at -the other end voice again, with all the little quivers and tones that -each voice has of its own. The telephone, more than any other electrical -invention, made people think that anything is possible with electricity. -It was such a marvellous performance to send the voice along a wire from -one end of a city to another, that when people became a little familiar -with it they were prepared for anything. A famous electrician once -raised a laugh at a dinner by relating in his speech that when a friend -had asked him over the telephone if he recognized his voice, he replied, -"Yes, and I can smell your cigar." But you would not be surprised if you -learned to-morrow that you could see the man at the other end of the -wire, or smell his cigar by electricity, or that a line of flying ships -between New York and London was to start skimming next week. - -But it was some little time before people got familiar with the -telephone. At first they did not believe in it, though now they will -believe in anything called electrical. For some time there were few -telephones in use, and the lines were very short. Then the exchange -system was started, and telephony began to grow with leaps and bounds. -In 1874 the telephone, as the saying goes, "was not born nor thought of" -outside of the laboratory of Professor Bell. In 1894, there were 250,000 -telephone subscribers in the United States. New York and Chicago each -has 10,000. The number of conversations carried on each day by means of -the telephone--well, you might almost as well try to count the grains of -sand on the sea-shore. Not only has this infant learned to talk a great -deal--and, surprising to say, it speaks all languages with equal ease, -even the hopelessly difficult ones--but it has got amazing lung power. -Its voice reaches in a moment farther than you can travel in a day. When -young, it whispered a distance of a mile or two. At six or eight years -of age it talked clearly with a couple of hundred miles between speaker -and listener. For three years or more people in Boston and New York have -talked with people in Chicago, and to-day they think nothing of that, -and want to talk to San Francisco. - - - - -[Illustration: INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT] - - -The reform in interscholastic athletics in the middle West seems to be -going forward most satisfactorily. We hear fewer complaints of -semi-professionalism among the school teams, and most of these have no -foundation in fact. It seems clear now that most of the breaches of -amateur spirit that we have had to record heretofore were largely the -result of a lack of knowledge and appreciation of the strictness of the -rules which have to govern amateur sport, rather than of a desire to -defeat the ends and purposes of these regulations. - -[Illustration: MADISON, WISCONSIN, HIGH-SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.] - -As has been chronicled in this Department, Madison High-School at one -time allowed two players on its football team to take courses at the -university while still attending school. The fact that they attended the -university at all should have disqualified these men; but the -Madisonians did not interpret the rules in that way. Now, however, they -have come to see that this sort of thing involves a principle, and that -it cannot be allowed. - -The past season, therefore, so far as I am able to find out, the Madison -High-School team has been made up strictly of students of the school, -and the players have taken up football for the sport of the game, rather -than for the sake of the empty honor of a championship. This -"championship" business is getting to be very much overestimated and -exaggerated, and may eventually do much harm to sport; but this is -another subject, and we shall have to come back to that at another time. - -The Madison High-School team had a uniformly successful season this -fall, although, because of its reputed strength on the gridiron, its -managers found some difficulty in securing games with other high-school -teams. The Madisonians were therefore compelled to arrange a number of -games with elevens which might not ordinarily be considered in their -class. For the second time they defeated the St. John's Military Academy -team, the only eleven which has ever defeated Madison H.-S.,--barring -the university team. - -The strongest opponents they met were the Minneapolis H.-S. eleven. Five -days after this hard game they played a team which came up from Chicago, -representing the Hyde Park High-School, but I have never been able to -find out what percentage of the members of this eleven ever saw the -inside of a Hyde Park school-room. The managers and players of the team -were not above practising deception either, for some of their men played -against Madison under assumed names. - -The Madison newspapers, it seems, had some fault to find with the method -of play indulged in by the Chicagoans, and accused several of them of -slugging. Full-back Trude was one of the men who received a raking over -the coals. A few days later, however, the manager of the Madison -High-School team received a letter from Mr. Trude, saying that the -charges made against him were totally false, for the very simple reason -that he was not in Madison on Thanksgiving day. Who the young man was -who masqueraded as Trude and played full-back for the Hyde Park team I -do not know. - -This incident goes to show what serious results may come from what young -men at first consider as merely innocent deception--if any deception may -be considered as innocent. Many parents of Chicago school -football-players objected this year to the game, and signified their -unwillingness to have their sons take part in it. A number of these -boys, however, disregarded these wishes, and played football under -assumed names. In fact, it got to be quite a joke among Chicago -high-schools that a number of boys had two names--their real name, and -their "football" name. Of course, a few months of this sort of business -hardened the unscrupulous players, and was no doubt indirectly -responsible for the deception practised by Hyde Park upon Madison -High-School. - -Four of the members of the successful Madison High-School team graduate -this year, but a good nucleus is left to start in with next fall. The -average weight of the eleven was 143 pounds, and the average age, I am -told, was 16-1/2 years. This seems very young to us in the East, where -boys remain at school until they are considerably older, or, perhaps, do -not get to school until they are more advanced in age. With teams -averaging between sixteen and seventeen years there is no necessity for -an age-limit rule, apparently; whereas in Boston and New York there is -always an altercation when the age standard has to be decided, a strong -faction regularly demanding that men of twenty-one shall be admitted to -school athletics. - -My opinion is, and always has been, that no one twenty-one years of age -has any business being at school, unless he is extraordinarily stupid, -or unless illness or a weak constitution has made it impossible for him -to keep up with his studies. In either case such boys had better keep -out of athletics, except for necessary light exercise, and devote all of -their time to learning enough to get out of school with credit. All this -is aside, and I find that I am again wandering far from the Madison -High-School. - -The Madisonians, to take the subject up again, did not meet any team -this fall which was not considerably heavier than their own, and it is -plain therefore that their victories were largely due to their -team-work, and, doubtless, to the agility of their ends and the -swiftness of their backs. Their eleven scored during the season 135 -points to their opponents' 46. - -[Illustration: GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, HIGH-SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.] - -The interest in football in Michigan has increased greatly of recent -years, and this fall, out of five hundred boys attending the Grand -Rapids High-School (many of these, of course, far too young to be -allowed to play the game), fifty-two were candidates for positions on -the football team. As finally selected, the average weight of the eleven -was 149 pounds. Of nine games played eight were victories for the -High-School, the one defeat being administered by the University of -Michigan eleven. - -The Detroit High-School team was likewise a strong one but, as it did -not meet the Grand Rapids H.-S. eleven, the question of State -superiority is left undecided. I hope that the lads of both schools will -come to see that this is a matter of very small moment, so long as they -have derived benefit from their sport; but unfortunately we have to face -the condition that unless one aggregation can write "championship" all -over its record, there is dissatisfaction in every camp. - -[Illustration: BANGOR, MAINE, HIGH-SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.] - -The football season in Maine has closed in a muddle, the schedule of the -Interscholastic Association not having been properly played out, and two -or three schools are now lifting up their voices to claim that they are -the best the State ever produced. It seems to be largely a case of a -fear of defeat on the part of somebody, and a great lack of that spirit -which should prompt the young men to go out on the field and play for -the sake of playing, and not for the sake of winning the game. - -Among the Hudson River teams which played good football this season was -that of the Mohegan Lake School. They closed the season with a record of -four victories and one defeat--losing to Riverview Academy, -Poughkeepsie. The success of the eleven was largely due to the good work -of Captain Kendall, who coached and looked after the eleven without the -assistance of more experienced advisers. The Mohegan team had a very -effective system of offence, but they were not strong in defensive work, -doubtless because their second eleven was too weak to afford them hard -enough practice. - -[Illustration: BROOKLYN LATIN SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.] - -Further up the river the Albany High-School took the laurels in its -neighborhood. It won the championship of the Northeastern New York -Interscholastic Association, and was the strongest eleven the school -ever put forth. The chief feature of Albany's play was its team-work, -which proved effective against heavier opponents. - -Little progress has been made by the managers of the Knickerbocker -Athletic Club Interscholastic Games, which are to be held in the Madison -Square Garden this winter. So far, at the meetings of the executives -many questions have been left undecided, and the events that are to be -contested have not even been announced. Neither is it possible to -announce as yet the names of any of the prominent athletes whom we shall -see come together there, but as soon as there are any developments we -shall take up the subject again, as this meeting will undoubtedly prove -the most important interscholastic athletic event in New York this -winter. - -The skating races this year in New York are to be sanctioned by the -Interscholastic Association, although they were not so sanctioned last -year. Arrangements have already been made, and I hope to be able to deal -with the subject more fully next week. It will be remembered that last -season Morgan of De La Salle carried off all the honors. His records -were as follows: 220 yards, 23 sec.; quarter-mile, 50-1/5 sec.; 2 miles, -6 min. 36-2/5 sec. He was also a member of De La Salle's winning team in -the 1-mile relay race. This year undoubtedly there will be a greater -interest in these skating races and surely a larger number of entries, -for a number of skaters are already in training for the several events. -I believe that arrangements have been made to hold the contests at the -St. Nicholas Rink instead of at the 107th Street rink, which is no doubt -a change for the better. - -The Cook County League has adopted a schedule for the in-door baseball -season as follows: - - January 9--North Division at Hyde Park. - January 9--Austin at Lake View. - January 9--Englewood at Evanston. - January 16--Austin at Hyde Park. - January 16--Lake View at Englewood. - January 16--Evanston at North Division. - January 23--Hyde Park at Englewood. - January 23--Evanston at Austin. - January 23--North Division at Lake View. - January 30--Hyde Park at Evanston. - January 30--Austin at North Division. - February 3--Hyde Park at Lake View. - February 3--Austin at Englewood. - February 6--Englewood at North Division. - February 6--Lake View at Evanston. - February 13--Lake View at Austin. - February 13--Hyde Park at North Division. - February 13--Evanston at Englewood. - February 20--North Division at Evanston. - February 20--Hyde Park at Austin. - February 20--Englewood at Lake View. - February 27--Austin at Evanston. - February 27--Englewood at Hyde Park. - February 27--Lake View at North Division. - March 6--North Division at Austin. - March 6--Evanston at Hyde Park. - March 13--Lake View at Hyde Park. - March 13--Englewood at Austin. - March 20--Evanston at Lake View. - March 20--North Division at Englewood. - -In every case the first-named team is scheduled to play against the -last-named at the home of the latter. - -It was decided by the managers when they laid out this schedule that it -would not be required of the teams to play on the exact dates specified -if another, earlier, day of the same week proves more convenient. The -only stipulation is that if the managers of any two teams cannot agree -upon an earlier date they must play no later than upon the day -specified. - -There is so little interest in this winter sport among the students of -English H.-S. that no team has been entered by that institution, and -South Division will prove a weak contestant on account of its lack of -facilities for the development of athletic material, there being no -gymnasium connected with the school. Englewood and Hyde Park are new -members to the League. The former's team has played some good practice -games, but the latter's has not as yet showed of what material it is -composed. Austin, the champion team of last year, has but two new men on -this year's team, so that the prospects are they will finish near the -top if they do not get the pennant. Lake View's is another strong team -that has been playing excellent ball. North Division has played several -good games, but also several poor ones, and its final make-up is -undetermined. Evanston will undoubtedly send a team that will be the -strongest ever put out by that school. From present indications the -championship seems to lie among Austin, Lake View, Englewood, and -Evanston, their chances being in the order named. - -The comment upon the division of spoils in Connecticut, recently made in -these columns, has elicited a number of protests from readers in the -Nutmeg State. Most of my correspondents, however, in their arguments -have seemed to miss the main point of the evil. One argues that it is -necessary to charge admission-fees to football games because the public -interest in high-school athletics is so great in Connecticut that a -stiff admission-fee is the only barrier against a disorderly crowd. He -writes that where no charge is made a rough element lines the ropes, and -frequently creates a disturbance for which the schools are in no way -responsible, but which naturally reflects upon the management. - -In support of these contentions he cites the disturbance at New Britain -a year ago, when a number of the town rowdies destroyed a Hartford -banner. If the conditions, therefore, are such that it is necessary to -make the spectators pay an entrance-fee, purely as a means of -protection, I believe by all means in retaining the box-office and the -turnstile. My suggestion to do away with the sale of tickets was offered -merely as a means to cut down the accumulation of an unnecessary -surplus, not because there is any objection to the system. On the -contrary, if the box-office keeps out the undesirable element, by all -means let the box-office remain. But the fact that a rough element -compels the Connecticut schools to charge an admission-fee to their -games has no relation to the subsequent spoliation of the treasury. - -Another writer states that some of the schools in the League are unable -to raise money for athletics, and so must depend upon the Association to -help them out financially. There is no objection to this either, so long -as the money drawn from the Association is used strictly for the purpose -of promoting that branch of athletics by which the money was earned. It -is only natural that, in a League whose membership is scattered over so -broad an area, some schools should incur greater expenses than others. -For this very reason, if for no other, there should never be an equal -division of profits. - -Those schools that have heavy expenses should put in their bills to the -Association's treasurer, and receive payment for their necessary -expenditures. Thus one school will need $125, perhaps, while another -will find it necessary to spend but $50. The latter should therefore -only receive from the central treasury just that amount, and not a cent -more, "to be devoted to athletics." The root of the evil is the _pro -rata_ division. Aside from any ethical question, this promotes -extravagance, and leads to a loose financial system. Money earned by -athletics should be handled most judiciously, or it will prove a very -insidious and complicating element in the economy of sport. - -"FOOTBALL FACTS AND FIGURES."--BY WALTER CAMP.--POST 8VO, PAPER, 75 -CENTS. - - THE GRADUATE. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -[Illustration: ROYAL BAKING POWDER] - -ROYAL Baking Powder is an absolutely pure cream-of-tartar powder, -analyzed and recommended by the Health Officers of London, New York, -Boston, Chicago, etc., who praise it highly for its marvellous purity -and leavening strength. Its use is a safeguard against the alum baking -powders of which the market is full and which are known to make -dangerously unwholesome food. Royal Baking Powder makes finest flavored, -lightest, sweetest, and most delicious food, and imparts to it -positively anti-dyspeptic qualities. - -ROYAL BAKING POWDER CO., NEW YORK. - - - - -QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN. - - -ON ATHLETICS. - -There was a time when the college man who joined an athletic team felt -that he must train hard for a month or two before his great match came -off, and that then his duty to his college and his team ended, and he -could go out of training until the next season. "Training" then meant a -somewhat barbarous plan of eating half-cooked meats, drinking limited -quantities of water, taking physical exercise almost all day long, and -doing little else. Since those days we have all discovered that training -consists in eating normal food that is well cooked and taken at regular -times of the day, going to bed at night by nine or ten o'clock, and -rising to half past seven or eight o'clock breakfast. That part of the -matter has been pretty well settled, but perhaps the most important -defect in the old training system has not been corrected, though every -one will acknowledge that it is a defect the moment he thinks it over. -This is the absurd idea that you can get ready for a big athletic game -in one or two months. A very long time ago it was discovered that if you -want to do anything well you must practise at it day by day for many -more months than can be crowded into one year. Nobody ever made a great -success at anything by working night and day for a month or two. And it -is precisely the same with baseball or rowing or football as it is with -studies or law or the ministry. - -You may have been eating all sorts of things during the summer, sitting -up late at night, and getting up late in the morning. Do you fancy that -on the 1st of October you can begin an entirely new life, and make a -good football-player of yourself by Thanksgiving day? Not by any means. -If you want to be the member of some college athletic team, begin before -you get to college. Begin by eating carefully, not by eating food fit -for wild animals, but by eating good meats, and so on, and not filling -up on candies and sweets day after day at meals and between meals. There -is a reason for this. A man whose stomach is weak has no courage, and if -he has no courage he carries himself through a game on his nerves, and -is completely exhausted at the end of that game. No one can give himself -a strong, vigorous digestion in one month, nor in one year if he is at -all weak there. It requires years of normal living to do this, and it is -the most important part of all training. Probably the famous story about -Napoleon is quite true, that he thought more of his soldiers' food and -shoes than of their guns, for he maintained that no man could fight in -pinching shoes and on an empty stomach. In the same way you cannot train -your muscles, to do extraordinary things in a few short weeks. It -requires months and years of gradual work. If you start in late and work -hard every day you will ruin your muscles instead of improving them, and -as a matter of actual record many a good man has been lost to his team -for this reason alone. - -What is the most critical time in a baseball match or a football game? -When does the oarsman's great test come? Certainly not at the start, for -we all do well then. But at the very close of the game, when, after all -the players have become exhausted, the real nerve of the contest -arrives. That is the time when the man who has been slowly and carefully -training year by year will find that he is better than all the others, -and that he can put in the extra pound at the oar or the extra speed at -the long football run which carries his team to a closely won victory. - -Athletic training, therefore, is nothing sudden, nothing to be "taken -up" at any one time for a short space, but a general self-control and -guard which the boy or man keeps over himself in summer and in winter, -keeping himself healthy, in good hard condition, and ready for anything -he may be called on to do. Any one will tell you this is quite in line -with the best methods of study, of work, or of business in after-life; -that it is the steady, careful man that wins. But as we are not -preaching here, this must be left for fathers and older brothers to do. - - * * * * * - -THE COST OF ROYALTY. - -Here are a few statistics lately published that will doubtless prove -interesting to the reader. The royal family of England costs the British -government, in round numbers, $3,000,000 annually. Of this sum the Queen -receives nearly $2,000,000 a year, besides the revenue from the Duchy of -Lancaster, which amounts to a quarter of a million. The Lord Lieutenant -of Ireland receives $100,000 a year for his services and expenses, and -the Prince of Wales $200,000 a year. The President of France receives -$240,000 a year for salary and expenses, an enormous salary when it is -remembered that the republic is sweating under a stupendous national -debt of over $6,000,000,000--the largest debt ever incurred by any -nation in the world. Italy can have ten thousand men slaughtered in -Abyssinia and still pay her King $2,600,000 a year. The civil list of -the German Emperor is about $4,000,000 a year, besides large revenues -from vast estates belonging to the royal family. The Czar of all the -Russias owns in fee simple 1,000,000 square miles of cultivated land, -and enjoys an income of $12,000,000. The King of Spain, little Alfonso -XIII., if he is of a saving disposition, will be one of the richest -sovereigns in Europe when he comes of age. The state allows him -$1,400,000 a year, with an additional $600,000 for family expenses. We -are said to be the richest nation on earth, yet our President's salary -is only $50,000 a year. It was only $25,000 from 1789 to 1873. - - * * * * * - -NEW USE FOR A WATER-CART. - -Two countrymen were paying a visit to the city of Edinburgh recently, -when for the first time in their experience they saw a water-cart -employed in laying the dust after the orthodox fashion. They had been -warned by their friends before leaving home not to be surprised if they -saw many wonderful things, and, above all, not to give expression to -their astonishment, as they would probably only be laughed at for their -ignorance. Hitherto the clodhoppers had attended fairly well to these -instructions, and so far at least had not made fools of themselves. But, -alas! a water-cart was too much for them. No sooner did their eyes -alight on it than Jock, the more enthusiastic of the two, rushed off -towards it, shouting to the driver: - -"Hey, mon! hey, mon! stop, for guidness' sake; yer scaling a' yer -watter!" - -Jim, his companion, was not so easily deceived, however, and, vexed to -see Jock make such an exhibition of his ignorance, ran after him, and -seizing him by the coat tails, reprimanded him as follows: - -"What for are you makin' such a fule o' yersel' for, Jock? The man ken's -brawly that the watter's scaling. Lo'd, man, if ye had ony sense you -could easily ken that it was only a dodge tae keep the laddies aff the -back o' the cart." - - * * * * * - -A neat little correspondence took place between David Roberts, the -artist, and a friendly art critic with whom he was in the habit of -hobnobbing. Roberts had painted a number of pictures into which he put -all his genius, and upon placing them on exhibition, much to his -surprise and mortification his friend the critic severely attacked them. -In due time, however, a note arrived, addressed: - - "MY DEAR ROBERTS,--You have doubtless read my remarks upon your - pictures. I hope they will make no difference in our friendship. - Yours, etc., ----." - -This had a tendency to slightly increase the painter's wrath, and he -couched the following: - - "MY DEAR ----,--The next time I meet you I shall pull your nose. I - hope it will make no difference in our friendship. Yours, etc., D. - ROBERTS." - -It is not recorded whether they met afterwards, but it is safe to say -those erstwhile friends hobnobbed no more. - - - - -[Illustration: STAMPS] - - This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin - collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question - on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address - Editor Stamp Department. - - -Three important measures have just been agreed upon by the House of -Representatives, and probably will be accepted by the Senate. The first -bill introduces the principle of responsibility on the part of the -government for the delivery of registered letters and parcels. - -The proposed law provides that senders or owners of registered matter -lost in the mails may be indemnified to an extent not exceeding $10 for -any one letter or package. This will do as a beginning, but the American -public is entitled to at least as much as is given to the citizens of -European nations by their respective post-office departments. For -instance, we pay 10c. for a registered letter, and by the proposed law -may collect up to $10 if the letter or parcel is lost. In England a -registered letter costs 6c., and if lost the owner can collect up to -$25; if 10c. is paid, the indemnity is raised to $75. - -The second measure is one permitting the use of private postal cards to -which a 1c. stamp is affixed, provided the same be approximately of the -same size and weight as the officially made card. If passed, there will -be some very handsome and many very humorous cards sent through the -mail, and interesting collections could be made at a very little cost. - -The third measure is one providing for the appointment of -letter-carriers in small places, who shall collect 1c. for each letter -or parcel delivered. This is practically applying to small villages the -system which fifty years ago was common in New York, Philadelphia, and -other large cities. If the charges are collected by stamps, it will -revive the collecting of U. S. Locals. - - B. J. JONES.--The old Anti-Surcharge Society was organized about - six years ago through the efforts of Mr. C. B. Corwin, but it soon - went to pieces, as the great body of collectors refused to - discontinue the collection of the innumerable and uncalled-for - varieties. The evil has abated of late years, from the fact that - the burden grew too heavy for all philatelists excepting a small - body of very rich men. The "Seebecks" are declining in price - rapidly. - - J. LEARNED.--The collecting of entire U. S. envelopes should be - followed where possible. Discard all varieties of water-mark paper, - shapes, sizes, gums, etc., collecting simply by dies and papers. - - A. A. WEILMAN.--It is claimed that the first envelope in modern - times used for prepayment of postage was the New South Wales for - 1838. A genuine copy would probably bring $250. - - W. H. CARR, JUN.--You can buy the Philatelic button of C. W. - Kissinger, Reading, Pa. - - H. F. KING.--The Japanese wedding stamps were issued in 1894. The - red is sold at 4c., the blue at 5c. - - O. LEWIS.--You do not state the paper, or whether used or unused. - On white paper it is worth 20c.; on amber paper, 25c.; on blue - paper, $5; on fawn paper, $15. - - % %.--The half-dime, 1856, can be bought for 15c. - - J. P. WILTON.--The stamp-dealers are offering $2 Columbian stamps - at $1.75. They are used for postage by the large banking houses, - chiefly for prepayment of postage on packages of bonds, stocks, - etc., sent to Europe. - - G. R. D.--I do not know what dealers pay for stamps. Their selling - prices are quoted in the stamp catalogues. Your Agricultural - Department envelope bears the seal of the department. No commercial - value. - - C. C. RANSOM.--It is impossible to give values for long lists of - stamps. Any catalogue will price the stamps both used and unused, - give the date of issue, and much other information. The standard - 1897 catalogue costs 58c., but good catalogues can be bought at - 5c., 10c., or 25c. each. - - PHILATUS. - - - - -[Illustration] - - The price of good things oft is high, - But wise housekeepers tell - That Ivory Soap is cheap to buy - And best to use, as well. - -Copyright, 1896, by The Procter & Gamble Co., Cin'ti. - - - - -Two Popular Writers! - - * * * * * - -KIRK MUNROE - -=RICK DALE.= A Story of the Northwest Coast. Illustrated by W. A. ROGERS. -Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25. - - Lively and exciting, and has, incidentally, much first-hand - information about the far Northwest.--_Outlook_, N. Y. - - Capital story of adventure..--_Philadelphia Evening Bulletin._ - -=SNOW-SHOES AND SLEDGES.= A Sequel to "The Fur-Seal's Tooth."--=THE -FUR-SEAL'S TOOTH.--RAFTMATES.--CANOE-MATES.--CAMPMATES.--DORYMATES.= Post -8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25 each. The Four "Mates" Volumes in a Box, -$5.00. - -=WAKULLA.--FLAMINGO FEATHER.--DERRICK STERLING.--CHRYSTAL, JACK & CO.=, -and =DELTA BIXBY=. Illustrated. Square 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.00 -each. - - * * * * * - -JAMES BARNES - -=NAVAL ACTIONS OF THE WAR OF 1812.= With 21 Full-page Illustrations by -CARLTON T. CHAPMAN, printed in color, and 12 Reproductions of Medals. -8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, Deckel Edges and Gilt Top, $4.50. - - Unquestionably both the most lifelike and the most artistic - renderings of these encounters ever attempted.--_Boston Journal._ - - Brimful of adventure, hardihood, and patriotism.--_Philadelphia - Ledger._ - -=FOR KING OR COUNTRY.= A Story of the American Revolution. Illustrated. -Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50. - - A capital story for boys, both young and old; full of adventure and - movement, thoroughly patriotic in tone, throwing luminous - sidelights upon the main events of the Revolution.--_Brooklyn - Standard-Union._ - - * * * * * - -HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York - - - - -Clever Puzzle-Solvers. - -Answers and Awards in that "Land of Shades" Contest. - - -A very great number of people took interest in that quaint story from -the "Land of Shades" about an election held in that country. The answers -sent in competition for the $40 offered in prizes showed an unusually -high average in penmanship, neatness, and intelligence. In deciding -which answers were the correct ones some standard had to be taken. That -standard was "Harper's Book of Facts." It should, however, be explained -that the effort was made, when the story was written, to put in no -questions on the correct answers to which there is a conflict of -authorities. But these contests often bring to light conflicts -heretofore unknown. It happened so in this one. The question was about -the "Father of Tractarianism." The answer had in advance was Dr. E. B. -Pusey. Keble and Newman were prominent, but the title, so far as could -be found, had been applied only to Pusey. But several solvers in this -contest found authorities for others besides Pusey. So the question was -dropped, and played no part in deciding the awards. In passing judgment -upon other answers exact spelling of names was not required, nor was it -held essential that first names, dates, etc., be given. If the solver -showed that he or she had found the correct answers, such showing was -excepted. A very great number gave Wöhler as the discoverer of -aluminium. Wöhler's employment of the metal was in 1827. Marggraff -discovered it and used it, as a toy it is true, in 1754. A slight -misunderstanding existed about the large ship recently built. Both -answers given were accepted as correct--the Pennsylvania at Belfast, and -the Kaiser Wilhelm I., at Glasgow. The hardest question was No. 29. -About a dozen guessed it, but they missed other questions in so great -number that none of them are among the prize-winners. All prize-winners -failed on it. "Clouds," "snow," "sole-soul" were oftenest given, but any -one can see that they poorly answer the riddle. Many gave "flamingo" as -the answer to the last question but one. Others gave "blackbird." -Neither was accepted, because not so good as "flicker." - -Following are answers allowed: 1. John Kinzie. 2. Pompey. 3. Abraham -Lincoln. 4. Constantine the Great. 5. Robert Cavalier La Salle. 6. G. -Wilhelm von Leibnitz. 7. Sir Christopher Wren. 8. St. Vincent de Paul. -9. Rouget de Lisle. 10. Eric the Red. 11. Edward III. of England. 12. -John C. Fremont. 13. Schouten. 14. Robert Barker. 15. Praxiteles. 16. -Socrates. 17. Tarquin the Elder. 18. Joseph Hopkinson. 19. Andrew -Jackson. 20. Queen Elizabeth of England. 21. Dr. E. B. Pusey. 22. -Marggraff. 23. H. H. Richardson. 24. F. P. Blair. 25. Kaiser Wilhelm der -Grosse and Pennsylvania. 26. Helvetii. 27. Knickerbockers of New York. -28. Egyptians. 29. The green cheese of which the moon is said to be -made. 30. Ink. 31. North Pole. 32. Butcher-bird or Razor-bird. 33. Jay. -34. Flicker. 35. Chattering Fly-Catcher. - -One contestant answered correctly every question save two--29 and 34. -His name is Archer O. Yeames, and he lives in Jamaica Plain, Mass. He is -given $15 of the $40 prize-money and the highest honor of the contest. -Three others tied for second honor, and $4 is given to each. Their -names, mentioned in an order that gives a little the highest credit to -the first, the next to the second, and so on in the order in which all -ties are named, are: Raymond Tilley, Pittsburg, Pa.; Edwin F. Killin, -Stevens Point, Wis.; and Mary H. Eastman, Wilmington, Del. The next in -order of merit was the answer of Esther Neilson, Philadelphia, and $3 is -awarded her. Two tied for fourth place, and are given $2.50 each. Both -live in Pittsburg--Thomas S. Jacobs and Pearl Coyle. For fifth place the -prizes decrease rapidly--more rapidly than they would had it not proved -necessary to admit five instead of three contestants, since five stood -exactly alike. That is, they missed the same number of questions, but -not always the same questions. They are given $1 each. They are: J. -Lawrence Hyde, Washington; Joseph T. England, Baltimore; Paul F. Case, -Fairport, N. Y.; Elizabeth C. Drake, Chicago; and Walter Collins, -Glenfield, Pa. The Messrs. Harper & Brothers, New York, will forward -checks for the sums named as soon as these awards shall have had time to -be read by all contestants. The desire is that winners first learn of -their success in the printed announcement. To notify them by mail, by -sending them money, is to favor them, in time, over other contestants. -It was a hot contest. Congratulations are extended to the victors, and -the losers are urged to try again. For the information of the latter it -may be stated that in this contest scarcely any two were alike; all who -failed missed at least five of the thirty-five questions. - - * * * * * - -More Signs and Omens. - - I live in the "Sunny South," where there is a sign for everything - that happens. Among the commonest of these, many are of negro - origin. - - 1. Clear in the night, rain again in three days. - - 2. "Katydids'" arrival, sign of frost in six weeks. - - 3. Sign of a wedding if a cat washes her face and then looks at - you. - - 4. If the husks on the corn are thick, sign of a cold winter. - - 5. If the rooster crows before the door, look out for company. - - 6. If you drop your apron, you have lost your lover. - - 7. If your hair-pin is about to come out of your hair, your lover - is thinking of you. - - 8. Bad luck for any article of your clothing to burn, either on you - or off. - - 9. Bad luck to have a rainy wedding-day. - - 10. Sign of a death if a bird comes in the house. - - 11. Bad luck if a hooting owl comes near the house. - - 12. Sign of a death if a "screech-owl" comes near the house. (This - is considered a terrible thing, and causes great fear among the - negroes.) - - 13. Whippoorwills are considered birds of ill omen. - - 14. Sign of a death if the dog howls at night. - - I think it would be interesting to continue this, and have the - members send in different local superstitions. - - MAY INMAN MAGUIRE. - HENDERSONVILLE, N. C. - - * * * * * - -Going Out on a Risky Errand. - -A government Indian agent who has seen years of service tells some -stories about Indians. Here is one: - -"A ranch near the town of Beaver, in Utah, was attacked by Indians, and -one man who was visiting the ranchman's family was killed. The house was -surrounded by the Indians, and the people within defended themselves as -best they could; but the ranchman, watching his opportunity, lowered his -little boy and his daughter, aged eight and twelve, from the back -window, and told them to try to make their way to the cañon and follow -it down to Beaver, where they could obtain help. The two children -succeeded in reaching the cañon unobserved, and with rare presence of -mind the boy told his sister to follow down one side of the cañon, and -he would follow the other, so that in case the Indians should find one -of them the other might not be observed. - -"The children succeeded in reaching Beaver, where a relief party was -organized, which hastened to the rescue of the besieged party. At the -beginning of the siege the Indians had heard the children in the house, -and missing their voices, the alert savages discovered that they had -gone, and endeavored to overtake them, but being unsuccessful, and -knowing that help would soon arrive, withdrew before the rescuers could -reach the ranch." - - * * * * * - -Blind Boys and Baseball. - -Blind boys can play baseball. It is not the baseball of the League, but -it answers--blind boys. Only one man in the game must have good -eyes--the umpire. The diamond is like the regular ones, save that bases -are forty instead of ninety feet apart. Players are stationed the same -as in a League game, but there is a second short stop, or ten men on -each side. - -The catcher sits on the ground. Think of it--sits on the ground! He -stays well back from the home-plate, and wears a mask and breastplate. -The pitcher aims, first, to enable the batter to hit the ball, and, -second, to have the ball, if not batted, to strike the ground just in -front of the catcher and be taken on the bound. The batsman uses a bat -much like a cricket bat. Taking his position, the umpire says, "One, -two, three," and on the instant the "three" is spoken the pitcher -delivers the ball. The batter has to guess at the time the ball will -reach him, and he guesses rightly in more cases than one would think -possible. If the ball is missed it lands in the catcher's lap. Beginners -at the bat strike ludicrously wide of the ball, but as all the players -are blind, they miss the place to laugh. If the ball is batted, the -umpire calls out the name of the player toward whom the ball is going. -This player hears it, and if he fails to catch it, chases it into the -grass. It is his if he gets it, no matter on what bound it may be. - -When the batter runs, the first-base man calls out, "First," and keeps -calling, so the runner may know in what direction to go. The second-base -man does the same, calling, "Second." Six outs put a side out. These -blind boys get a wonderful amount of fun out of the play, and become -expert at it. - - * * * * * - -Life in Our Soldiers' Orphans' Home. - - No one but a member of a home like this can know enough of the - every-day life to fully understand the spirit in which the children - take their confinement; for confinement it is in the end. Owing to - a peculiar training received here, the average child knows more - about the history of our country than any other class of children - in the United States. We have good times among ourselves, and - originate many plays and jokes. We have a band of sixteen pieces, a - debating club, and several minor clubs. On going to school each boy - salutes "Old Glory" as he passes it. To show that the boys are - poetical (?), for instance, when cold slaw is being passed at the - table, the first boy says, "Slaw"; if the next boy doesn't want - any, he says, "Naw." - - At present all thoughts are centred on Christmas. Ask a boy the day - before Christmas or Thanksgiving what he intends to do next day; he - will say, "Eat turkey, of course." We are always glad to get a - letter, and to be certain of having one in the mail we get our - relatives to mark the envelope, so we can tell it before the mail - is distributed. - - One of the Board of Trustees, who lives in Canton, O., recently - visited William McKinley, and told him he was coming to the home - next day. Then the President-elect of the United States, with tears - coming to his eyes, said, "Give my love to every child there. God - bless them!" When the board member told the children this in our - chapel, every patriotic son of America raised his handkerchief and - shook it, after the manner of the Chautauqua salute, and in his - heart said, "Long live our next President!" The boys and girls over - fourteen years of age learn a trade, devoting one-half of each day - to it. But in every case a half-day pupil has better lessons than a - whole-day one. Many children leave here in June next, and have no - place to go. If any persons could put these in the way of - employment they will find them faithful and true in every sense of - the word. - - JOSEPH L. GILL, Cottage 18. - XENIA, O. - - * * * * * - -A Great Man Facing Defeat. - -Mr. Gladstone, one of the greatest of Englishmen, and a man who has seen -comparatively few of his plans of state succeed, is said to be -personally disliked by Queen Victoria. For years he had worked hard upon -a plan having for its object the benefit of Ireland and Irish farmers -and tenants. Seven years ago all of his plans were frustrated. While his -great policy was being wrecked, he sat in the library of the House of -Commons and read the words of a famous opera. Some friends finding him -there, expressed amazement. But this act of the great minister did not -indicate indifference. It showed, rather, a tension that sought relief -in order to avoid worse effects. For when spoken to he said, with a -voice full of pathos, "For the past five years I have rolled this stone -patiently up hill, and it has now rolled to the bottom again; and I am -eighty-one years old." - - * * * * * - -At Least one Faithful Hearer. - -A famous Church of England bishop had a dog named Watch. Once, as Watch -lay by the open door, the prelate read the Bible passage, "What I say -unto you I say unto you all--Watch!" The dog sprang up, and coming -forward, lay down by the reading-desk. - -"One hearer attends my words, at least," mused the bishop. - - - - -[Illustration: THE CAMERA CLUB] - - Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly - answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to - hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions. - -HINTS ON RETOUCHING. - - -III.--TREATING THE NEGATIVES FROM THE GLASS SIDE. - -While this picture does not come exactly under the head of retouching, -it describes how to treat a negative from the glass side so that a good -print may be made from a negative in which the contrasts between the -high lights and shadows are too strong. - -Take a piece of best quality white tissue-paper, moisten it slightly, -and paste it at the edges to the glass side of the negative. Moistening -the paper before attaching it to the negative causes it to adhere -closely to the glass without wrinkles. - -Put the negative in the retouching-frame with the glass side uppermost, -and with a pencil go over the negative, softening the high lights, -working up detail in the shadows--in fact, making a drawing of the -negative on the piece of tissue-paper with which it is covered. When the -drawing or pencilling is finished, take a crayon stump and blend the -lines and lighten the edges of the shadows. It is a good plan to have a -print of the picture pinned to the board as a guide to working on the -negative. When finished and ready for printing, place a piece of -tissue-paper or a sheet of ground glass over the frame, and print in the -shade. If the first work is not successful, the paper can be removed and -a fresh one substituted. - -Instead of using tissue-paper the back of the negative may be coated -with ground-glass substitute, tinted with red or purple aniline dye. -Ground-glass varnish may be made by the following formula, or may be -bought ready prepared: - - Gum-sandarach 45 grains. - Gum-mastic 10 grains. - Ether 1 fluid ounce. - Benzole 3/4 fluid ounce. - -Flow this over the back of the negative, and when dry it may be worked -on with a pencil in the same manner as described for the tissue-paper. -Where the solution covers the high lights it can be removed either by -scraping it away and leaving the glass clear, or it may be removed with -spirits of turpentine. The edges may be softened so as to remove the -harsh contrast between the clear glass and the tinted solution by -rubbing them with a powder made of one part finely powdered resin and -two parts dextrine. A leather stump dipped in the powder is the best -means of applying it. - -In landscapes, where in order to obtain prints of the clouds in the sky -the other parts of the picture must be very much over-printed, apply the -ground-glass solution to the back of the negative, and soften the lines -where the horizon meets the sky by the dextrine powder. A few drops of -the aniline dye will be sufficient to give the varnish a tint. - -Benzole is highly inflammable, and must not be brought near a light. The -varnish should be kept in a glass-stoppered bottle, as the ether is -volatile, and soon evaporates if not tightly corked. - -For blocking out backgrounds use Gihon's opaque, a non-actinic -water-color paint. It costs fifty cents a cake, and one cake will last -for a year or more. - - WILLIAM WALKER PATEN, 937 St. Paul St., Baltimore, Md.; G. EARL - RAIGNET, 603 North Seventeenth St., Phil., Pa.; ELBERT H. DYER, 62 - Bradford St., Philadelphia, Pa.; LOUISE LEWIS, 1820 Pine St., - Philadelphia, Pa.; FRANCIS T. STAINER, Challinack, B. C.; RAYMOND - E. REYNOLDS, 34 Ripley Place, Buffalo, N. Y.; ARTHUR INKERSLEY, 709 - Hyde St., San Francisco, Cal.; CONANT TAYLOR, 159 South Oxford St., - Brooklyn, N. Y., GEORGE D. PORTER, 212 Tulip St., Brooklyn, N. Y.; - GEORGE FULLER, Pittsfield, Ill.; GILBERT JACKSON, Boonville, Oneida - Co., N. Y., wish to be enrolled as members of the Camera Club. - - LADY SOPHIE F. MACQUAIDE, 46 Mechlin Street, Germantown, Pa., asks - if any member of the Camera Club has a No. 2 Bullet Camera for - sale. She wishes to buy one. - - W. H. writes that the directions for bromide-paper say that it - should be opened in a dark room, and asks if that means that the - room must be totally dark; if fixing, clearing, and developing - solutions can be bought from dealers in photographic supplies; if - Eastman's developing-powder is good for dry plates; and if - transparencies can be developed with this powder. By a photographic - dark room is meant a room in which there is a yellow or ruby light; - the white light fogs the sensitive plate or paper. Solutions of all - kinds may be either bought ready prepared, or will be made up at - the store where photographic supplies are sold. One can buy the - ingredients and make the solutions at home. It is cheaper to buy - the hypo and make up the fixing-bath. One ounce of hypo to four - ounces of water is the proportion for the fixing-bath. Eastman's - powders may be used with any dry plate, and are also excellent for - making transparencies. - - * * * * * - -A SHREWD TRICK. - -People in general cannot understand the doings of a student of nature. -Especially quite ignorant persons are apt to conclude, when told that -the objects of his search are fossils or minerals, that under this -explanation is concealed the purpose of securing some buried treasure, -for that is the only thing that would induce them to dig. Mr. A. L. -Adams relates an amusing instance of this reasoning. - -"While excavating a large cavern on the southern coast of Malta, we had -dug a trench in the soil on its floor some six feet in depth, in quest -of organic remains. The natives in the vicinity, hearing of our -presence, came in numbers daily to witness the proceedings, -interrogating the workmen with reference to the object of our -researches, of which the workmen were about as ignorant as themselves. - -"One afternoon three stalwart fellows paid us a visit, and whilst they -sat on the heap of dirt staring down into the dark ditch below, I -dropped a Spanish dollar on a shovelful of earth, and the next moment it -lay with the soil on the heap. Picking it up in a careless manner, I put -it into our luncheon-bag, and a few minutes afterwards our friends -disappeared, muttering to one another as they went. - -"Great was our amusement the next morning to find that our trench had -been carried fully four feet below the level we had gained on the -previous evening. Not only that; several other excellent sections of the -floor had been made by the natives in expectation of finding buried -treasure." - - - - -Postage Stamps, &c. - - - - -[Illustration: STAMP COLLECTORS] - -60 dif. U.S. $1, 100 dif. Foreign 8c., 125 dif. Canadian, Natal, etc. -25c., 150 dif. Cape Verde, O. F. States, etc. 50c. Agents wanted. 50 -p.c. com. List free. =F. W. Miller, 904 Olive St., St. Louis, Mo.= - - - - -[Illustration: STAMPS] - -=ALBUM AND LIST FREE!= Also 100 all diff. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only -10c. Agts. wanted at 50% Com. =C. A. Stegmann=, 5941 Cote Brilliant Ave., -St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -FREE - -Set of Cuban stamps, cat. at 40c., free to all sending for my approval -books at 50% Dis.; 100 Var. 10c.; Stamp hinges 10c. =F. P. GIBBS=, 59 -Rowley St., Rochester, N.Y. - - - - -500 Mixed, Australian, etc., 10c.; =105 var.= Zululand, etc., and album, -10c.; 12 Africa, 10c.; 15 Asia,10c. Bargain list free. - -F. P. VINCENT, Chatham, N.Y. - - - - -STAMPS - -=All unused.= 20 var. 10c.; 5 Obock 8c.; 10 Cuba 10c.; 4 War Dep't 10c.; 3 -Montenegro 6c.; 2 Corea 5c. C. A. TOWNSEND, Akron, O. - - - - -=25 VAR.= unused stamps, no Seebecks, cat. value over $1.50, for 50c. -Approval books @ 50%. - -D. W. OSGOOD, Pueblo, Colo. - - - - -STAMPS - -Send for approval sheets. 50% com. G. D. Holt & Co., 155 Pulaski St., -Brooklyn, N. Y. - - - - -U. S. - -25 diff U.S. stamps 10c., 100 diff. foreign 10c. Agts w'td @ 50%. List -free! L. B. Dover & Co. 5958 Theodosia, St Louis, Mo. - - - - -LAUGHING CAMERA, 10c. - -[Illustration: MY! OH MY!!] - -The latest invention in Cameras. You look through the lens and your -stout friends will look like living skeletons, your thin friends like -Dime Museum fat men, horses like giraffes and in fact everything appears -as though you were living in another world. Each camera contains two -strong lenses in neatly finished leatherette case. The latest -mirth-maker on the market; creates bushels of sport. Catalogue of 1,000 -novelties and sample camera 10c., 3 for 25c., 12 for 90c. mailed -postpaid. Agents wanted. - -ROBT. H. INGERSOLL & BRO., - -Dept. No. 62, 65 Cortlandt St., N. Y. - - - - -JOSEPH GILLOTT'S - -STEEL PENS - -Nos. 303, 404, 170, 604 E.F., 601 E.F. - -And other styles to suit all hands. - -THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS. - - - - -HOOPING - -COUGH - -CROUP - -Can be cured - -by using - -ROCHE'S HERBAL - -EMBROCATION - -The celebrated and effectual English cure, without internal medicine. W. -EDWARD & SON, Props., London, Eng. =All Druggists.= - -E. FOUGERA & CO., NEW YORK. - - - - -HOME STUDY. - -A thorough and practical Business Education in Book-keeping, Shorthand, -etc., given by =MAIL= at student's home. Low rates. Cat. free. Trial -lesson 10c. Write to - -BRYANT & STRATTON, 85 College Bldg., Buffalo, N.Y. - - - - -CARDS - -FOR 1897. 50 Sample Styles AND LIST OF 400 PREMIUM ARTICLES FREE. -HAVERFIELD PUB CO., CADIZ, OHIO - - - - -HARPER & BROTHERS' - -Descriptive list of their publications, with _portraits of authors_, -will be sent by mail to any address on receipt of ten cents. - -HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York. - - - - -[Illustration: PISO'S CURES FOR CONSUMPTION] - -WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS. - -Best Cough Syrup. Tastes Good. Use - -in time. Sold by druggists. - - - - -[Illustration: HOW TOMMY MADE ONE SKATE DO.] - - * * * * * - -A SURPRISE FOR EMPEROR WILLIAM. - -Before the many independent states of Germany were united into an empire -by Bismarck and Emperor William I., the Bavarians and the Prussians were -on terms of a none too solid friendship. The old feeling of rivalry has -not been entirely eradicated from the lower classes, as may be gathered -from the following anecdote which is authentic, the incident occurring -only a few weeks ago. The Emperor had just been reviewing a body of -naval recruits brought together from all parts of the Empire, and he had -addressed them briefly upon the glory of a naval career, and had warned -them against the enemies of the nation both at home and abroad. At the -close of his speech the young Prussian Emperor was attracted by the -stalwart appearance of a big bluejacket in the front rank. He called the -man to him and asked him what part of the Empire he came from. - -"From Wiesbach, in Bavaria, your Majesty," replied the recruit, -saluting. - -"And did you understand all I have said," continued the Emperor. "Do you -know whom I mean when I speak of our foreign enemies?" - -"Yes, your Majesty. The Russians." - -"And do you know whom I refer to by our enemies at home?" continued the -Emperor, referring, of course, to the socialists and other disturbing -elements of the Empire. - -"Yes, your Majesty," replied the Bavarian, promptly. "You mean the -Prussians!" - - * * * * * - -A SMALL BOY'S AMBITION. - - I want to be a newspaper-boy, - And just as soon, sir, as I can, - For when I'm grown up 'tis my wish - To be a big newspaper-man. - - * * * * * - -EXTREME POLITENESS. - -Politeness is of course one of the most desirable qualities in a man or -a woman, and particularly in boys or girls. The following story may -teach us something even if we do not necessarily believe it to be true. -It appears that in Japan not long ago three men broke into a dyer's -house while he was away. They were surprised at their work by the dyer's -wife, who asked them what they wanted. One of them replied by gently -asking the wife how much money there was in the place. She answered that -there was just a little in the house. The robber laughed and said: - -"You are a good old woman, and we believe you. If you were poor, we -would not rob you at all. Now we only want some money and this," placing -his hand on a fine silk dress. - -The old woman replied: "All my husband's money I can give to you, but I -beg you will not take that dress, for it does not belong to my husband, -and was confided to us only for dyeing. What is ours I can give, but I -cannot give what belongs to another." - -"That is quite right; we certainly have no wish to deprive you of what -does not belong to you. Be so good as to give us the money, and we will -go," said the robber. The old lady having complied, he immediately -withdrew with his confederates. - - * * * * * - -MR. JOHN BULL (of England). "Why do the boys talk so hexcited?" - -MRS. BULL. "They're at sixes an' sevens over some happles they 'ave." - -MR. BULL. "Hat sixes an' sevens! They'll soon be at _hates_ if they keep -hon." - - * * * * * - -It is not to be supposed that the missionary's lot is always the -happiest in the world, but there are times when there are incidents in -it so full of humor as to make up for the troubles and trials which are -more common. Among the stories in illustration of this point is one that -comes from a recent British Consul to Samoa, who states that a -missionary there was one day visited by a gentle-looking youth, who -asked, "Please, sir, may I get married?" A day was appointed for the -ceremony, when, at the time named, appeared the youthful bridegroom, -looking neat, shy, and guileless; he was asked to take a seat and did -so, blushing vigorously. A quarter of an hour elapsed, and there were no -fresh arrivals; yet there sat the young man without the slightest show -of that anxiety usually attributed to gentlemen about to take the fatal -plunge. At last the missionary became impatient, and asked him where the -young woman was. - -"Who?" said the youth. - -"Why, the girl you want to marry!" - -"Oh, she's at Safata!" - -"What!" cried the minister. "Have you come here for me to marry you to a -woman sixteen miles off on the other side of the island?" - -"Yes," replied the innocent; "I didn't think you would want her!" - -He was sent away to fetch her, and in the course of a week returned to -go through the marriage ceremony in due form. - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 12, 1897, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JAN 12, 1897 *** - -***** This file should be named 60423-8.txt or 60423-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/4/2/60423/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Harper's Round Table, January 12, 1897 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: October 4, 2019 [EBook #60423] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JAN 12, 1897 *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#FAMOUS_CAVALRY_CHARGES">FAMOUS CAVALRY CHARGES.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#AN_ANGLING_THOUGHT">AN ANGLING THOUGHT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_BROTHER_OF_STEFANOS">THE BROTHER OF STEFANOS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_MIDDLETON_BOWL">THE MIDDLETON BOWL.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_LOYAL_TRAITOR">A LOYAL TRAITOR.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#TYPICAL_ENGLISH_SCHOOLS">TYPICAL ENGLISH SCHOOLS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_EVOLUTION_OF_ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING">THE EVOLUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT">INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN">QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#STAMPS">STAMPS.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_CAMERA_CLUB">THE CAMERA CLUB.</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_257" id="Page_257">[Pg 257]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 800px;"> -<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="800" height="326" alt="HARPER'S ROUND TABLE" /> -</div> - -<p class="center">Copyright, 1897, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>. All Rights Reserved.</p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">published weekly</span>.</td><td align="center">NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1897.</td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">five cents a copy</span>.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">vol. xviii.—no</span>. 898.</td><td align="center"></td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">two dollars a year</span>.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="FAMOUS_CAVALRY_CHARGES" id="FAMOUS_CAVALRY_CHARGES"></a> -<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="494" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>FAMOUS CAVALRY CHARGES.</h2> - -<h3>BY RICHARD BARRY.</h3> - -<h3>COOKE'S CAVALRY AT GAINES'S MILL.</h3> - -<p>It was a strange fact that those in authority at Washington and those in -charge of the immediate conduct of the Union armies in the field did not -early in the war recognize the immense importance of a well-organized -cavalry.</p> - -<p>The idea that cavalry should be used merely as an auxiliary arm of the -service was held by General Scott, and those who immediately followed -him in command seem to have held the same opinion.</p> - -<p>The small bodies of troopers of both the regular and volunteer branches -of the mounted service were attached to various isolated army corps. -Their duties consisted mainly in taking the places of orderly -messengers, doing patrol duty, and acting as advance outposts. Their -duties were onerous, and were not calculated to bring them much chance -for glory or advancement. The cavalry Captains and leaders demurred -greatly against this false position, and it may be said that the lesson -that the Union Generals<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_258" id="Page_258">[Pg 258]</a></span> learned in regard to the uses of mounted troops -was gained from the experience of battle, when they had arrayed against -them the quickly moving, impetuous horsemen of Stuart and the younger -Lees.</p> - -<p>But even before the North had developed the magnificent and well-ordered -brigades that figured so conspicuously in the latter years of the war, -there occurred not a few instances where the trooper with his pistol and -sabre distinguished himself before the enemy and under the eyes of his -countrymen. The first charge of any importance that took place before -the reform was inaugurated that gave the men in the saddles a worthy -position was at the battle of Gaines's Mill, on the 27th of June, 1862.</p> - -<p>About the part that the cavalry played in this affair much bitter -controversy has arisen. Men whose names are well known, whose intrepid -bravery and worth have long been recognized, have taken stands upon this -question. It is not the place of an article so short as this to go into -this in detail. We have but to tell of the brave actions which occurred -that day, and to relate the facts and important happenings on the left -of the line of battle, where the small detachments of cavalry that made -the charge were placed.</p> - -<p>All day long the Union batteries and the Confederate batteries had been -replying to one another. General Fitz John Porter had estimated that the -forces under his command were greatly overmatched. Early in the day he -had determined upon a battle of resistance, and made up his mind to hold -the enemy in check if possible. A long line of infantry that stretched -along the swampy bottom-lands and woody ravines were hardly enough to -guard and support the artillery which had been placed in positions more -or less exposed on the crests of the hills and the vantage spots south -of the Chickahominy. This river divided the Union army, making it almost -impossible to send re-enforcements to the right wing or to gather it -together on the right bank.</p> - -<p>On June 14 the Confederate General Stuart had made a dashing raid around -McClellan's army. The slow-moving infantry had not had time to cut them -off.</p> - -<p>General Porter had posted his batteries of artillery, and had been -employed all the morning in forming his lines to await the enemy's -attack. General P. St. George Cooke had been instructed to take his -position with the small body of cavalry at his disposal under the hills -in the valley of the Chickahominy. It was expected of him to support the -artillery stationed there and to guard the left flank of the long line. -The whole attitude of the Union forces, as we have said, was one of -defence. The battle opened on the left in the morning, and by two -o'clock in the afternoon had spread along the entire front. It was a -strange fact that all of the severe battles of the seven days' fight -before Richmond began after noonday.</p> - -<p>From one o'clock until six Cooke's cavalry, consisting of two and -one-half squadrons of the Fifth Cavalry, belonging to the First Brigade; -three squadrons of volunteer lancers from Pennsylvania, under Colonel -Rush, belonging to the Second Brigade; and two skeleton squadrons of the -First United States Cavalry, under Colonel Blake, to which were added -the provost-guard under Lieutenant-Colonel Grier—had stood inactive in -a sheltered position a little to the rear of the artillery, that had not -begun firing until quite late in the afternoon.</p> - -<p>A few minutes past six General Cooke observed that the infantry on the -left wing in front of him was giving way, and at this moment three -reserve batteries that had been silent the whole day opened fire upon -the enemy advancing through the underbrush at the bottom of the slope. -General Cooke ordered the Fifth and First Cavalry to the front, and -deployed them a little to the rear of and just filling the intervals of -the two right batteries. The Confederates had opened a hot fire of -musketry, and shells were falling all about as the men took up their -positions. Turning to Captain Whiting of the Fifth, General Cooke said, -"Captain, as soon as you see the advance-line of the enemy rising the -crest of the hill, charge at once without any further orders, to enable -the artillery to bring off their guns."</p> - -<p>Then he instructed Colonel Blake to support the Fifth, and charge when -necessary. The three squadrons of lancers were placed on the right of -the third battery just at the moment that it was limbering up preparing -to retreat, as it was wholly unsupported. Upon the arrival of the -cavalry the artillerymen loaded their guns again and opened fire.</p> - -<p>No sooner had General Cooke left the line of men in their short jackets -with yellow trimmings, who were sitting on their horses and sustaining -without any return the galling fire that was being poured in upon them, -than Captain Whiting rode ahead, and wheeling his horse, cried:</p> - -<p>"Cavalry, attention! Draw sabres!"</p> - -<p>The metallic clash of the blades ran along the eager line.</p> - -<p>"Boys, we must charge in five minutes," said the Captain, over his -shoulder, as he stroked the neck of his big brown horse. But almost -before he had stopped speaking the bayonets of the advancing -Confederates were seen just beyond the cannon that were blazing away in -front. They were hardly fifty rods distant. Turning in the saddle, -Captain Whiting gave the order:</p> - -<p>"Trot, march!" and as soon as the whole line had started, he shouted -"Charge!" at top voice. At once, with a wild cheer, in solid column, the -cavalry broke forward. It was the first big Union charge of the war. -There was not a man but what was determined to save those guns if -possible, and to emulate the bravery of the artillerists, who had won -for themselves long before this the names of heroes, in the North. As -they swept past the guns it was necessary for the line to deploy right -and left. As they ranged up, it was seen that at one of the pieces every -man had been shot down, and one of the troopers as he rode by noticed a -wounded man struggling by the aid of the spokes of the wheel of the gun -to gain his feet and pull the lanyard. "I'll bet he'll fire that gun," -said the trooper to himself, and kept off to the right. That gun was -fired, and if it had not been for this trooper's quick thought it would -have swept him down as the charge cut a gap through the advance-line of -the enemy.</p> - -<p>But now they were within striking-distance, charging an army. The sound -of the sabre strokes was heard on every hand; the smoke from the volley -that had been poured into them, mingled with the dust, in the fading -light, rendered everything obscure. Men fought through the lines and -fought back again; but the rebel onslaught was stayed, and just then, -not being able to tell friend from foe in the gloom, the Union artillery -opened up from the rear with shrapnel and canister. It fell amongst the -intermingled fighting crowd, bearing down the Union horsemen as well as -the advancing men of Hood's brave Southerners.</p> - -<p>The remnant of the Fifth Cavalry crawled back, shattered and broken, to -the protection of the batteries on the left. It was a small and -much-misreported incident; but of the 250 men who were in action only -about 100 returned from that bloody field. Not a few were captured, but -the greatest number fell in the first few minutes of that terrible -charge. They had done their duty.</p> - -<p>The third battery of the Second Artillery, which had been saved from -premature retreat by the appearance of the lancers, kept up its fire for -some few minutes, and then, under command of General Cooke, fell back -toward the rear, the lancers guarding it as it limbered up and -retreated. As they reached a place of safety it was found that the -enemy's advance had been stopped again at the crest of the hill, and on -looking back it was seen that a brave handful of not more than one -hundred infantrymen who had stood their ground—they were part of the -Ninth Massachusetts—were fighting there so desperately that many times -their numbers had been checked. At once the lancers and the First -Cavalry were ordered to take up the position on the left of this little -band; but unfortunately, by some misunderstanding of the orders, they -advanced close upon their rear. Just as they disappeared in the smoke, a -single squadron of the Fourth Pennsylvania, under Colonel Childs, -reported to General Cooke. Immediately they were sent to the front, and -"with a precision<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_259" id="Page_259">[Pg 259]</a></span> and bravery that would have honored veterans," the -volunteers went down the hill under a hot fire of infantry. The advance -of the enemy was checked now on the left flank of the line of battle; -but the bravely fighting infantry and the new-comers suffered from the -fire of their friends as the Fifth Cavalry had done, and turning, they -retreated in good order. The infantry retreated at the same time, and -both formed in the hollow, safe from the volleys of the enemy and the -misdirected fire of the batteries on the enshrouded hill-side.</p> - -<p>The Pennsylvania lancers, under Colonel Rush, lost 9 officers killed, -wounded, and missing, 92 rank and file, and 128 horses. The Fifth -Cavalry lost all their officers but one.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="AN_ANGLING_THOUGHT" id="AN_ANGLING_THOUGHT">AN ANGLING THOUGHT.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY JIMMIEBOY.</h3> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Each day I go a-fishing</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">For bull-head or for trout;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">As long as I catch something</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">I'm not at all put out.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">It may be perch or blue-fish,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">It may be mackerel,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">It may be cod or halibut—</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">I like 'em all full well.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">I may not land a fish, sir,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Save minnow or sardine;</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">If I get one I'm happy</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">As any boy has been.</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">But I will tell a secret</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Quite close unto my soul:</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">When I have gone a-fishing</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">I've always had one goal,</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">And that's some day to hook one</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">On river, lake, or sea,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">To make a fight if I catch him,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Or if he catches me!</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="THE_BROTHER_OF_STEFANOS" id="THE_BROTHER_OF_STEFANOS">THE BROTHER OF STEFANOS.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY G. B. BURGIN.</h3> - -<p>He was a lad of fifteen, sinewy, lithe as a greyhound, with dancing blue -eyes and immensely strong shoulders. Under one arm he carried a long -gun, a game-bag slung beneath the other; his legs were encased in yellow -gaiters, and his slouch hat, with a peacock feather in the band, shaded -bronzed resolute features. "Permit me to make known myselfs," he said, -with an amiable smile, as he raised the slouch hat and disclosed a head -crisped over with short dark curls. "I am Oscar Van Heidsteyn. And you -are the good Smithsons of Constantinople, is it not so?"</p> - -<p>I languidly admitted that I was "the good Smithsons," and looked with -interest at the picturesque crowd on Smyrna Quay as my boat pulled back -to the ship which had brought me from Constantinople. A brawny ruffian -stood beside Oscar Van Heidsteyn with a whole arsenal of weapons stuck -about his person. This was the kavasse. His mustachios protruded like -the whiskers of a truculent tomcat; but I felt reassured on noticing -that his pistols had flint-locks only, and were as harmless as pop-guns. -I was just in the convalescent stage after a sharp attack of typhoid -fever, and most of my thoughts were concentrated on getting something to -eat. No one ever would recover from typhoid if he ate all he wanted to -when beginning to reach the convalescent stage. In all the sixteen years -of my life I had never before lived in such a chronic state of -starvation.</p> - -<p>Van Heidsteyn saw that I was very weak. At a sign from him, the kavasse -slowly unslung most of his ponderous weapons, picked me up in his arms, -and carried me, feebly kicking and expostulating, to the carriage.</p> - -<p>"What the dickens is he treating me like a baby for?" I asked.</p> - -<p>Van Heidsteyn wrapped the rug round me. "Oh, because you are one little -babies!" he said. "You must make yourselfs to shut ups, or you will be -ill again. Now here is the train. I will carry you into it like -leap-frogs if you prefer it."</p> - -<p>I submitted to the indignity of being carried "like leap-frogs" into the -ramshackle train. Three-quarters of an hour after the proper time, to a -chorus of "Inshallahs" and "Mashallahs," we crawled out of the station -into the beautiful country, still fresh with spring verdure.</p> - -<p>"Ah, that is betters!" said Van Heidsteyn, with a long breath of -enjoyment. "I cannot live in the town."</p> - -<p>"Where did you learn your English?" I asked.</p> - -<p>Van Heidsteyn was busily engaged in opening a parcel of chicken -sandwiches, and the odor thereof was as manna in my hungry nostrils. At -a sign from him, the kavasse again picked me up, whilst Van Heidsteyn -spread a rug on the seat of the carriage, and turned that gorgeous -functionary's silk jacket into a soft pillow for my weary head. "Now you -will feeds," said Van Heidsteyn, energetically. "Never mind my English -languages. I have read it in books; and don't gobbles. When you have -eaten, you shall have some wine and waters."</p> - -<p>"You're awfully good," I said, shamefacedly. "I can't help being hungry -all the time. Perhaps your father didn't know how hungry I should be -when he wrote to my father asking him to let me come here to get well."</p> - -<p>Oscar laughed. "Ah, that is betters! Now you enclose yourselfs—shut -ups," he added, explanatorily, "and I will make you comfortables."</p> - -<p>For two hours and a half we dawdled along in an aimless leisurely sort -of way, which would have been infinitely exasperating to a man in a -hurry. But I was not in a hurry. Every now and again I had a short nap, -then another sandwich, and then a glance at the fertile valleys, not yet -parched by the heat. As we got nearer the station for Oscar Van -Heidsteyn's father's farm, I noticed the lad look to his pistols, see -that his knife moved easily in its sheath, and glance carefully out of -the carriage window.</p> - -<p>"We will wait, my friends," he said, as the people began to stream out -of the carriages and to thank the station-master for such a prosperous -journey. (We were only two hours late; but that was partly owing to a -great man having planted his mounted servant on the line, and told him -to stop there until it suited the great man's convenience to follow. No -one dare run over the servant of a Turkish official, and so, by this -simple expedient, the Pasha caught his train without hurrying.)</p> - -<p>"But why wait? And why are we in the last carriage?"</p> - -<p>Oscar smiled. "Oh, I will tell you by-and-bys. Suppose there was a man -waiting in the station to stab or shoot you, wouldn't you stop here till -all the peoples had gone?"</p> - -<p>"Of course."</p> - -<p>"Very well, then. The station-master will come to make his salaam; then -I shall know it is all rights."</p> - -<p>"But what is 'all rights'?"</p> - -<p>"Ah-h! Brigand-d-d!" Oscar's rifle was at his shoulder as he leaped from -the carriage. "There is the brother of Stefanos behind the engine-sheds. -Tomasso, take care of the Effendi, and I will make the brother of -Stefanos 'gits.'"</p> - -<p>He ran nimbly towards the engine-shed, but the man loitering there did -not wait for his coming. By the time Oscar reached the sheds the fellow -was half-way up the opposite hill. Then he stopped, flung up his long -gun, and took a deliberate shot at the lad. The peacock feather in Van -Heidsteyn's hat was cut in two, and the lad himself lay sprawling on the -ground.</p> - -<p>Faint with horror and weakness, I tottered up against the kavasse, who -caught me in his arms with a paternal smile. When I opened my eyes, -Oscar was joyously regarding me.</p> - -<p>"I have hit him in the shoulders," he said, modestly.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_260" id="Page_260">[Pg 260]</a></span> "If I had not let -him fire first, for old friendship's sake, I should have killed him."</p> - -<p>"Fire? Kill who? What does it all mean?"</p> - -<p>"Oh, it is the brother of Stefanos, and he has sworn to kill me, because -the Greek priest did kill his brother Stefanos, and he thinks I helped. -Now we will hold you on the white pony, and you shall ride him like one -Cyclops."</p> - -<p>Van Heidsteyn presumably meant a centaur, but I was too tired to argue -the point. He leaped into the saddle, and, with the aid of the kavasse, -hauled me up behind him. A stout strap was passed round our waists and -the ends securely buckled together. Oscar had already reloaded his -rifle. A nondescript animal, which he informed me was a splendid hound -for wild-boar (it did not look it), ran sniffing ahead on the right-hand -side of the track; and Tomasso, the kavasse, ancient matchlock in hand, -went off in advance on the left.</p> - -<p>"W-what's all this for?" I gasped.</p> - -<p>Oscar steadily started the old pony. "I make myselfs to sit in fronts," -he cheerfully explained. "If the brother of Stefanos has one pot shots -at me the bullet will not go through us both, and you will be all -rights. Courage, <i>mon ami</i>! It is only two miles to my father's, and -when we get there you shall have ever so much more to eats."</p> - -<p>It seemed to me that if the brother of Stefanos, whoever that mysterious -and bloodthirsty individual might be, succeeded in carrying out his -murderous intentions, there would not be any necessity for me to "have -ever so much more to eats." However, I was too weak to do anything -except to lean limply over Van Heidsteyn's shoulder as we splashed -through a brook and descended into the plain below.</p> - -<p>"There are not many trees," said Van Heidsteyn, reassuringly. "We shall -soon get to my father's tchiftlik all right. Then I will tell you all -about the brother of Stefanos."</p> - -<p>I was too tired and done up to remember much about the rest of the -journey. The brother of Stefanos might have shot us a dozen times -without disturbing me. The smooth pace of the pony gave a rhythmical -swing to my body, and I fell into a state of dreamy indifference, from -which I was roused by the animal suddenly coming to a stop. When I -looked up we were in a great yard filled with cows and excited dogs, one -of which was endeavoring to hang on to my leg.</p> - -<p>Tomasso, driving away the dog, gently unbuckled the belt, and lifted me -off the pony in his great brawny arms. He said something musical to me -in Greek, with the cooing softness of a dove, and I felt that his -exterior had belied him. So mild and gentle mannered a man had doubtless -been endowed by nature with his fierce mustachios as a means of -protection. I was not surprised, when bedtime came, to find Tomasso -hovering round me with a sponge and hot water. He even undressed and -carried me to bed as easily as if I had been a child. Then he -benevolently tucked me up, put some biscuits in a dish by the side of -the bed, and recited a prayer to keep off the evil eye, moving about the -room the while, in spite of his huge bulk, as noiselessly as a cat. -Whenever I woke in the night, there was Tomasso sitting by the wood -fire, watching me with friendly solicitude.</p> - -<p>"Oh yes, Tomasso is one very good old womans," said Van Heidsteyn, the -next afternoon, as we sat sipping our coffee in the quaint old garden -attached to his father's house. "His people have been with us for so -long times I cannot count. He has asked for a holiday to-day, and -borrowed my gun. Perhaps he is going to make you a present of one -wild-boar. He calls you the 'Little Yellow One,' because of your hair."</p> - -<p>As we sat, sheltered from the heat of the sun by the branches of a big -plane-tree, the pure air put new life into my veins. At the back of the -house was a long range of hills, the haunt of the wild-boar.</p> - -<p>"Isn't that range rather handy for sheltering brigands?" I asked Van -Heidsteyn.</p> - -<p>He laughed. "Oh yes, but it is all the betters. Now, Little Yellow One, -before you go to sleep I will tell you about Stefanos. I expect to hear -from his brother soons, very soons."</p> - -<p>"My father told me you had been captured by brigands and behaved very -pluckily," I said, leaning drowsily back and gazing up through the -spreading branches of the plane, the gorgeously hued anemones in the -garden beds dancing joyously as my glance returned to earth.</p> - -<p>Oscar lit another cigarette and stretched his sinewy arms. "Oh, it was -nothings," he said, modestly. "I am fat now, nice and ploomps, but when -I have come back from the brigands, ah! I was of shadows, so thin—like -grey-hounds or Greek pigs."</p> - -<p>He leisurely produced a photograph from his breast pocket. On a deal -table were piled the heads of several men in a ghastly heap.</p> - -<p>"But I shall better begin at the begins," he said, quietly.</p> - -<p>"Put that thing out of my sight immediately. Do you want to give me a -fit?" I shouted. "You are ruining the remains of my nervous system."</p> - -<p>"Ah, but then I cannot explains," said Oscar. "You see, I was in the -entrails of the steam-ploughs, and somethings tickles me. When I come -out of the bowels of the ploughs there was Stefanos the brigand, and his -brother, and his uncles, and three nephews, and some friends. (Stefanos -always went about <i>en famille</i>.) 'Ohé, my little mans,' said Stefanos, -'you must come with me for some ransoms.' I did not want to go for some -ransoms. I have the steam-ploughs to put rights. I said to Stefanos, 'Go -away, you and your ransoms—<i>pezziwinkbashi</i> (it is a very strong -Turkish words)! but he would not go away. He puts a pistol to my ear, -and so did the rest. 'Oh yes, you will comes, my little mans.' And so," -ingenuously added Oscar, "I comes."</p> - -<p>"And then?"</p> - -<p>"The villagers come round with some screams. Stefanos (he was such a -nice mans, Stefanos. That is Stefanos, with the hole in his fronts," and -he pointed to the photograph) "puts his gun to the backs of my necks. -'Tell the villagers to go away.' I tell them to go away. When you have -guns down the smalls of your backs you are very anxious to do what you -are said," continued Oscar. "They shakes their fists at the brigands, -but I am marched off to the mountains, and we are soon great friends."</p> - -<p>"Friends?"</p> - -<p>"Yes, friends! If some ransoms not come they threaten to send my father -small bits of me to make him not forgets. First my ears and my fingers -and my toes; and then, if no ransoms, my trunks."</p> - -<p>"You don't mean portmanteaus?" I interrupted. "Do you mean to say they'd -cut off your limbs and send your body home?"</p> - -<p>"Yes, of course," said Oscar. "I mean my trunks—my chests, my bellies. -We wander about all night and steal sheeps for food. In the daytime we -sleeps or sing Greek songs, and I dance on a big stone till they call me -their brother."</p> - -<p>"Did you never—eh—wash?" I asked.</p> - -<p>Oscar mournfully shook his head. "What for? It was no goods."</p> - -<p>I shuddered, but thought it well not to ask for further details.</p> - -<p>"One day I did write a letter to my father," said Oscar. "Stefanos was a -little angry; for the soldiers come after us, and he has much exercise -with me in the mountains. 'My dear father,' I write, 'send me one big -Bibles and seventeen pairs of leather trousers. The Bibles is for my -soul; one trousers is for my body; and the others two each for my -friends. If some ransoms do not come in one weeks I shall be all in -little pieces. Take care of my dogs, and do not blame Stefanos, for it -is all businesses.' And the trousers and the Bibles and some ransoms -comes all in one heap. Stefanos embraces me; I kiss all the others; they -take me to the plains, and I find myself running homes. Then one old -woman sees me far off. She screams. Another old woman sees me. She -screams. Another old woman sees me. She screams. Whilst I did run home -the air was full of old womans and screams," continued Oscar, -meditatively. "And when I get to the ford, the old womans they all kiss -me. That was very painfuls; I do not like to kiss old womans. The old -womans takes me by the legs and the arms and the trunks to carry me over -the ford<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_261" id="Page_261">[Pg 261]</a></span> and up the hill, and whenever I tried to get downs they did -kiss me, so I did not try much more. Oh, it was very terribles, and I -had never so much before been kissed by anybodies. They take me home, -and my father comes to the door and he say, 'Welcome, my sons, which is -some more alives.' And more old womans kiss me, and I embrace my father, -and they asked me where the soldiers could find Stefanos and his brother -and his uncles and his nephews, but I would not tells."</p> - -<p>"Why?"</p> - -<p>"He was my friends," said Oscar, indignantly. "That is why. It was all -businesses, like some other businesses. Ah, those soldiers! Cowards! -Assassins!"</p> - -<p>"What did they do?"</p> - -<p>"Oh, it was very painfuls," said Oscar, with regretful melancholy. "Very -painfuls!"</p> - -<p>"What was?"</p> - -<p>"It was very painfuls. For three months the soldiers did hunt poor -Stefanos and his brother, and killed all the others. One day I was -sitting on a divan after shooting boars, and the Greek priest of the -village and his friends came in with the head of Stefanos in a bundle. -The brother of Stefanos had escaped. The Greek priest wore a purple -robe, which was some presents from the Governor of Smyrna."</p> - -<p>"Well?"</p> - -<p>"Oh, there is nothing more. They all sit round the floor, and I say, -'Who is this?' The Greek priest, he say: 'Effendi, I am a great man, a -very great man. I killed Stefanos.'</p> - -<p>"They say: 'This is a great man, a very great man. He killed Stefanos.'</p> - -<p>"The Greek priest say: 'I went up the hill in the heat of the sun, and -Stefanos sleeps himself in the vineyard. I took my gun, my very great -gun, and crept close to Stefanos.'</p> - -<p>"They say, 'He took his gun, his very great gun, and crept close to -Stefanos.'</p> - -<p>"'I put the muzzle to his ear, but he did not wake.'</p> - -<p>"They say, 'He put the muzzle to his ear, but he did not wake.'</p> - -<p>"'I shut my eyes and pull the triggers, for I am a great man, a very -brave man.'</p> - -<p>"They say, 'He shut his eyes and pulled the triggers, for he is a great, -a very great man.'</p> - -<p>"And that was the end of poor Stefanos. I did give the Greek priest some -kicks," said Oscar, reminiscently. "Oh yes, many kicks, but they did not -bring back poor Stefanos."</p> - -<p>As Van Heidsteyn kicked an imaginary Greek priest, two shots rang out -almost simultaneously, and a bullet buried itself harmlessly in the -trunk of the tree.</p> - -<p>"Sit still," said Van Heidsteyn, with a nonchalance I was far from -feeling. "Sit still, unless you are afraid, O Little Yellow One. Tomasso -will be here directly."</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> -<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="700" height="537" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">PRESENTLY TOMASSO APPEARED CARRYING A BUNDLE IN A -HANDKERCHIEF.</span> -</div> - -<p>Presently Tomasso appeared from the shelter of some out-buildings, -carrying a bundle in a handkerchief. The handkerchief was carelessly -tied up at the corners, and held something round. Tomasso came up to Van -Heidsteyn, made the customary salutation, and with his usual placid -smile, laid the bundle on the ground before us.</p> - -<p>"Open the bundles, Little Yellow One," said Van Heidsteyn.</p> - -<p>I did so, and out rolled the bleeding head of a man.</p> - -<p>"Now we can go without any more pot shots. I will make a photographs of -him to put with the others. It is the brother of Stefanos," said Van -Heidsteyn, complacently rolling a cigarette.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_262" id="Page_262">[Pg 262]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THE_MIDDLETON_BOWL" id="THE_MIDDLETON_BOWL">THE MIDDLETON BOWL.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY ELLEN DOUGLAS DELAND.</h3> - -<h3>CHAPTER I.</h3> - -<p>"It is shocking—positively shocking!"</p> - -<p>The five Misses Middleton crowded about the window, if ladies so -punctilious, so precise, so ceremonious as were the five Misses -Middleton could be said to crowd.</p> - -<p>"See her now, running as fast as any one of those boys," said Miss -Middleton the eldest.</p> - -<p>"And without her hat!" said Miss Joanna, settling her spectacles.</p> - -<p>"And her hair streaming!" added Miss Dorcas, as she clutched her -knitting-needles.</p> - -<p>"And—and—I hardly like to say it, but, my dear sisters, do you notice -how she—well, how she thrusts out her feet?" murmured Miss Melissa, -with a look of embarrassment.</p> - -<p>"But how happy she looks!" said Miss Thomasine, though in so low a voice -that it almost seemed as if she must be hoping that her sisters would -not hear her. But they did, and immediately they turned upon her in a -body.</p> - -<p>"Thomasine, I am astonished! In the first place, you cannot possibly -tell whether she looks happy or not, and in the second place—" But no -one ever heard what came in the second place, for Miss Middleton's -sentence was broken short by an exclamation of added horror from her -four sisters.</p> - -<p>"Oh, she has fallen down!"</p> - -<p>A profound silence while they all looked.</p> - -<p>"There, she is up again! Oh, my dear sisters, she is going to start -again! What shall we do with her, and why did this come upon us?"</p> - -<p>The four elder Misses Middleton sank again into their chairs. Miss -Thomasine remained at the window until the subject of their remarks had -disappeared among the trees at the farther end of the lawn. Then she too -resumed her seat.</p> - -<p>"Something must be done," said Miss Joanna, for at least the eleventh -time that morning.</p> - -<p>The five Misses Middleton lived in Alden, in a large old-fashioned house -on the outskirts of the town. Here their grandfather had bought an -extensive tract of land and had built a stately mansion in the days when -rooms were made of spacious breadth and depth and ceilings were lofty. -The town at that time was busy and bustling enough. A large number of -the inhabitants were seafaring men, and not only commanded their ships, -but owned them too, and foreign vessels touching at the port brought -much stir of life and commerce, now long since passed away.</p> - -<p>Old Captain Middleton sailed many a voyage in his own good ships, and -brought home not only plenty of money, but treasures from China and -Japan, and even from India. Among other things there was a quaintly -shaped yellow porcelain bowl decorated with odd Oriental colors, which -was made in China. It was not large, but its texture and workmanship -were exquisite, and it was said that there was no other like it in -America. In fact, there was but one other in the world, and that was in -the possession of a rich mandarin of Peking. This bowl had been -presented by old Captain Middleton to his daughter-in-law upon his son's -marriage, and it now belonged to their five daughters. It was always to -remain in the family, and it was known as the Middleton bowl.</p> - -<p>Times had changed in Alden, as the saying is, and it was no longer a -commercial town, but a sleepy, slow-going place as far as business was -concerned. Its present inhabitants, however, most of whose ancestors had -lived there for generations, endeavored to keep up with modern life and -thought. There were reading-clubs and intellectual societies of all -sorts for the serious-minded, and balls, assemblies, and teas for the -more frivolous, but the five Misses Middleton were beyond it all. Behind -the massive stone walls which surrounded their grandfather's acres, now -their own, they lived in seclusion, as remote from outside life and -outside ideas as though they dwelt in some lonely castle in an enchanted -wood.</p> - -<p>To be sure, they had frequent callers, for they were greatly respected -by their fellow-townspeople, and these calls were returned after the -proper interval of time had elapsed.</p> - -<p>Into this quiet household of five maiden ladies was suddenly -precipitated a twelve-year-old niece. Their only brother, Theodore by -name, who was very much younger than themselves, had early in life left -the quiet old home in Alden, and gone to one of the large cities, where -he married and became a prosperous business man. Circumstances now -obliged him to go to South America for six or eight months, and rather -than subject their only daughter Theodora to the dangers of the climate, -Mr. and Mrs. Middleton had asked her aunts to take charge of her until -their return.</p> - -<p>The five aunts were somewhat aghast at this proposition. Since Miss -Thomasine had given up her dolls and packed them tenderly away in the -attic many, many years ago, childhood was unknown to them, for -Theodora's home was far away, and she had never visited them before.</p> - -<p>However, it was a girl—a boy would have been absolutely impossible—and -next to Theodore she was their nearest of kin. And Mrs. Middleton -herself had suggested a means of relief should her daughter prove to be -too much care for them.</p> - -<p>"If you grow tired of her, or if she gives you any trouble, send her to -boarding-school. She will be happy at Miss Ford's, where I went, and I -have made every arrangement for her to go if she should be too much for -you. But I am sure no one could grow tired of my Teddy!"</p> - -<p>At first all went well. The aunts felt so sorry for poor little Theodora -when she was left for the first time in her life without her parents -that they vied with one another in their efforts to make her happy. Miss -Thomasine unpacked her dolls and carried them carefully downstairs, -smelling strongly of camphor, and seeming to blink their round, unseeing -black eyes in the unaccustomed glare of day.</p> - -<p>But Theodora only looked at them with a languid curiosity, spoke of -their being so "funny and old-fashioned," and then sneezed from the -fumes of the camphor, and turned away.</p> - -<p>Miss Joanna unlocked the corner cupboard and brought out her own china -tea-set, unplayed with now these fifty years. But Theodora almost -laughed at the clumsy shape of the sugar-bowl, and then accidentally -broke it, upon which Miss Joanna locked them all up again with an air -which showed that Theodora had handled them for the last time.</p> - -<p>Miss Melissa then produced some books, which her niece seized upon with -avidity. But she soon declared that she did not care for that kind of -story (they were some of Miss Edgeworth's tales), that Rosamond was a -perfect goose to think the purple vase was worth having. She, Theodora, -would have known better the moment she saw it. <i>She</i> would have -discovered at once that it was filled with a purple powder, and was -really nothing but plain glass.</p> - -<p>Had not her aunts any boys' stories? She liked them best. Upon which the -five Misses Middleton looked at one another, and mentally held up their -hands in horror and dismay. And soon, all too soon, was it discovered -that the only things which really made Theodora happy were boys and -boys' games and boys' books.</p> - -<p>Miss Middleton herself, in the solemn conclave which took place upon the -morning when this story opens, was courageous enough to put the matter -into words.</p> - -<p>"I verily believe," said she, "that our niece Theodora is what is called -a—a tomboy!"</p> - -<p>"Sister!" cried they all, while four pairs of hands were uplifted and -then dropped into four silk laps; and Miss Middleton, having made this -statement, looked distinctly relieved.</p> - -<p>"And the worst of it," said Miss Joanna, "is that I strongly suspect we -have brought it upon ourselves. In order to save ourselves the trouble -of providing entertainment for Theodora, we actually suggested—one of -us did—that she should be allowed to play with the Hoyt children."</p> - -<p>Here she glanced severely at her sister Dorcas. Miss<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_263" id="Page_263">[Pg 263]</a></span> Dorcas made no -reply, but she looked guilty, and dropped a stitch in her knitting.</p> - -<p>"Dorcas forgot that they were all boys, I have no doubt," said Miss -Thomasine, in her gentle voice. "We knew Ellen Hoyt when she was young, -Joanna, you remember. As gentle a girl as ever lived."</p> - -<p>"Yes," rejoined Miss Dorcas, her courage returning when she found that -she had a champion. "It was natural that we should suppose her children -should be quiet and gentle too. I am sure I never dreamed that they were -all boys."</p> - -<p>"It has been most disastrous," continued Miss Joanna.</p> - -<p>"But there is one resource left," suggested Miss Melissa. "You know, -sisters, what Theodore's wife said—she spoke of it herself—I am sure -we should never have thought of it."</p> - -<p>Miss Melissa had a vague, hurried manner which never failed to irritate -her sister Joanna, who was brisk, and in other conditions of life would -have been businesslike.</p> - -<p>"If you mean the boarding-school plan, Melissa;" she said, "why do you -not say so in plain words? For my part, I think it would be the best -place for the child."</p> - -<p>"Not if we can help it," pleaded Miss Thomasine. "She is our niece, you -know, and I do not like the idea of closing our doors against her."</p> - -<p>"Thomasine, you are so extreme in your language," said Miss Middleton. -"I am sure no one dreams of closing our doors against Theodora; but if -we cannot control her, I quite agree with Joanna that it would be the -best place for her."</p> - -<p>It was just at this point in the conversation that a startling clamor -was heard from downstairs. The ladies were sitting in the "spare -chamber" on the second floor, as they were apt to do of a morning. The -noise drew nearer. It was unmistakably a cry of mingled wrath and pain, -and it was accompanied by the sound of hurrying feet. Children's shoes -were scuffling up the old oak staircase. It sounded as if at least a -dozen pairs of feet were hurrying toward the live Misses Middleton.</p> - -<p>The door opened with a burst, and into the room came Theodora. Blood was -streaming from her nose, tears from her eyes, and in her arms she -carried—was it? could it be? The five Misses Middleton looked, and -looked again. Their niece was bringing into their presence a dead -kitten! She was accompanied by two of her friends the Hoyt boys, but -they, dismayed by the sight of a circle of five ladies, retreated into -the hall, and peered through the crack of the half-open door. Still -another was at the foot of the stairs, not daring to come up higher.</p> - -<p>"Theodora, what is it?" cried Miss Middleton, while Miss Melissa -shuddered and felt for her smelling-salts. She was afraid of cats, even -of dead ones.</p> - -<p>"It's a dear little kitten, Aunt Adaline, and it is dead. It will never -breathe again. Oh, that horrible boy, that Andy Morse! I wish I had -killed <i>him</i> dead! But I gave him a black eye, I know I did."</p> - -<p>"A black eye! Theodora, I insist upon knowing the cause of this uproar. -And the blood! Have you been hurt?"</p> - -<p>"Let me wash it away from your face," said Miss Thomasine; "but first, -if it is possible, Theodora, I think you had better get rid of -that—that cat."</p> - -<p>"Poor little kitten! We are going to have a nice funeral to make up to -it for all its sufferings. And I am not really much hurt, Aunt Tom. It's -a nose-bleed, so it looks as if I were. The boy punched me right in the -nose. But I kicked and scratched him well, I can tell you."</p> - -<p>The five aunts rose to their feet as one woman. They looked at Theodora, -and then they looked at one another. Finally they all sat down again.</p> - -<p>"Give that animal to those boys in the hall to take away, and then give -an account of yourself," commanded Miss Middleton.</p> - -<p>Theodora hesitated for a moment, and then she retired to the hall, where -she held a whispered conference with her waiting friends.</p> - -<p>"As nice a box as you can find," were her last words, "and loads of -flowers. Dig it pretty deep. I'll be there as soon as I can."</p> - -<p>Again there was the sound of clattering shoes upon the stairs, and -Theodora returned to her aunts. A maid was sent for, and the marks of -her recent conflict were washed away, to which proceedings she submitted -quietly, and then in a clean white apron she came back once more. She -closed the door into the hall at her aunts' request, and opened the -conversation at once.</p> - -<p>"I'll tell you how it was," she said. "You see, I was playing 'I spy' -with the Hoyts, having the best time you ever heard of; and do you know, -I can run as fast as Arthur and Clem, and almost as fast as Ray! We were -playing the kind of 'I spy' where you have to hide, and then run in to -goal when It is not looking. Did you ever play that way, Aunt Tom?"</p> - -<p>"No," murmured Miss Thomasine.</p> - -<p>"Do not stop for such questions," said Miss Middleton; "and do not -address your aunt so disrespectfully."</p> - -<p>"Why, I didn't mean to be disrespectful, Aunt Adaline. I call her that -because I love her, and I asked her last night, when she came to kiss me -good-night, if I might call her 'Aunt Tom,'and if she would please call -me 'Teddy' instead of hateful long Theodora, and she said I might, and -she would. Of course I shouldn't dream of calling you 'Aunt Ad,' or Aunt -Joanna 'Aunt Jo'; but Aunt Tom is different. She seems younger, and as -if she might be sort of jolly if you would only let her, so that is the -reason I asked her if she ever played that kind of 'I spy.' Of course I -don't suppose the rest of you ever played 'I spy' at all."</p> - -<p>And she looked about upon the group with some scorn. Teddy spoke very -rapidly, so this speech did not consume much time.</p> - -<p>"No, we never did," replied Miss Middleton, "and now we should be glad -to hear the remainder of your story."</p> - -<p>"Oh yes, I'm going to tell you. I got away from the others somehow, and -I thought I'd reach goal by a shorter way if I climbed the stone wall -and went by the road a little way."</p> - -<p>"Theodora!"</p> - -<p>"What, Aunt Joanna?"</p> - -<p>"Surely you did not climb the stone wall?"</p> - -<p>"Why, yes; it is as easy as anything! I'm sure you could yourself, Aunt -Joanna, just in that place. You put your foot right on a stone that juts -out, and if I were there to give you a boost, you would go over as easy -as anything."</p> - -<p>"Oh, my dear niece!" cried Miss Melissa; "I do hope, I really do hope -that your aunt Joanna— She could not— I am sure—"</p> - -<p>"Melissa," exclaimed her sister, "if you think over the matter for a -moment you will realize that no power on earth could tempt me to climb -the stone wall."</p> - -<p>"I hoped not, but—"</p> - -<p>Awed by a wrathful glance from behind Miss Joanna's spectacles, Miss -Melissa subsided, and again sniffed her salts.</p> - -<p>"Again I must ask you to continue," said Miss Middleton to her niece. "I -suppose you fell, which caused your nose to bleed?"</p> - -<p>"No, I didn't. I didn't fall at all. But who do you suppose I found in -the road? That horrible Andy Morse! You know he is a great big -fellow—bigger than Ray Hoyt. You've seen him about, probably. And he -was throwing stones at that poor dear kitten." Theodora's eyes grew big, -and her words came more slowly now, and with great emphasis. "He had it -tied to a stump, and he was throwing stones at it, and the last one, -just as I came up, killed the kitten." She paused, and looked about for -sympathy. "I suppose you all feel just as I did," she said, presently. -"As if your throats were all choked up, and you couldn't speak, and your -hearts were going to fly right out of your bodies, and your heads were -going to burst. That is the way I felt, and I am sure you would have -done just as I did. I walked right up to that boy, and before he even -knew I was there, I kicked him and scratched him, and banged my fist -right in his eye. 'There, Andy Morse,' I said, 'that's what you get for -stoning a kitten! How do you like that?' And he banged back, and that's -what made my nose bleed. Then he ran off as hard as he Could. Great -coward!" she<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_264" id="Page_264">[Pg 264]</a></span> added, contemptuously. "Think of stoning a kitten and -being driven off by a girl! If there were not a commandment about -killing people, I should really be almost sorry I hadn't killed him. Why -isn't it just as wicked to kill a cat as to kill a bad boy, Aunt -Adaline?"</p> - -<p>"I—I really cannot answer such a question, Theodora. You do not realize -what you are saying, I am sure. But you have done very wrong. I scarcely -know how to express my feelings at such conduct. I beg you will not do -so again. It was most unladylike, to say the least."</p> - -<p>"But he was hurting that poor kitten, Aunt Adaline! How could I help it? -Don't you think I did right, Aunt Tom?" she asked, turning in despair to -her favorite aunt.</p> - -<p>Miss Thomasine hesitated beneath the glare of eight sisterly eyes while -they awaited her reply. Theodora hoped for support, but she was -disappointed.</p> - -<p>"No, Teddy, I do not think you did right," said her aunt. "The boy was -very cruel, I admit, and I do not wonder at your indignation; but it was -not for you to inflict pain upon a fellow-creature. I think you were as -cruel to the boy as he was to the cat. Besides, it was not the proper -thing for a lady to do. Would your mother do such a thing?"</p> - -<p>Theodora was silent for a moment. "I don't suppose she would," she said, -presently; "and perhaps I ought not to have attacked Andy Morse the way -I did. I am not sorry yet about it, though, but perhaps I will be by -to-night. I will tell you if I am. And now may I go? They are waiting -for me to have the funeral."</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 391px;"> -<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="391" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">ON THE WAY TO THE CAT'S FUNERAL.</span> -</div> - -<p>"My dear Theodora, what do you mean?" exclaimed Miss Middleton.</p> - -<p>"Why, you know what a funeral is, Aunt Adaline, don't you? We are going -to give the kitten a pleasant funeral to make up for its sad death."</p> - -<p>"Do you think they ought?" asked Miss Middleton, looking helplessly -about upon her companions.</p> - -<p>"It sounds very shocking, and I for one do not approve," said Miss -Joanna, with her customary decision.</p> - -<p>"I do not like the idea," murmured Miss Dorcas.</p> - -<p>"It seems—really, it seems—as if something ought to be done—to -correct. But I do not know—" faltered Miss Melissa.</p> - -<p>"Suppose I go with her to the place and see what they intend to do?" -suggested Miss Thomasine.</p> - -<p>"Do, sister!" said Miss Middleton. "It will ease my mind greatly if you -will."</p> - -<p>So Miss Thomasine went to her room, and with much deliberation dressed -herself for a walk to the garden with her niece. She put on her head a -large sun-hat drawn down on both sides with a broad white ribbon. This -ribbon she crossed beneath her chin and tied on top of the hat, which -was unadorned with other trimming. She placed upon her shoulders a black -silk mantilla, and drew on her brown thread gloves, the fingers of which -were very long and remained empty at the tips. Then she took her -sunshade and descended the stairs, calling to her niece as she went.</p> - -<p>The door of the great drawing-room was slowly opened, and Theodora came -out. Her face was much flushed, and she held one hand concealed beneath -her apron. Together they walked out the side door and down the gravelled -path to the garden.</p> - -<p>They had scarcely left the house before Miss Joanna went down to the -parlor to attend to her task of dusting the foreign treasures. They were -not intrusted to the house-maids, for the five sisters did it each in -turn. In a few moments she returned to the spare chamber and carefully -closed the door behind her.</p> - -<p>"Sisters," she exclaimed, "look at this!"</p> - -<p>She held up for their inspection a small piece of yellow Chinese -porcelain.</p> - -<p>"This," said she, "is all that is left of the Middleton bowl."</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_265" id="Page_265">[Pg 265]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="A_LOYAL_TRAITOR" id="A_LOYAL_TRAITOR">A LOYAL TRAITOR.</a></h2> - -<h4>A STORY OF THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN AMERICA AND ENGLAND.</h4> - -<h3>BY JAMES BARNES.</h3> - -<h3>CHAPTER XII.</h3> - -<h3>A PRISONER OF WAR.</h3> - -<p>I suppose that a man who has been almost drowned—to the limit that all -sense leaves him, at least—has drunk as deep of death as a person can -and talk of it afterwards. With a shifting light before my eyes, a -throbbing pain in my temples, and a sickness all through me, I found -myself knowing that I was breathing once more; but I was water-logged, -and when I attempted to move, I could feel that I was filled to the -throat with some gallons of brine. All at once I doubled up with a spasm -of choking, and in a minute I felt better.</p> - -<p>I was lying in the bow of a boat, whose motion I could feel distinctly, -but owing to the thwart being immediately over my head, I could see -nothing but a succession of sturdy legs and bare feet pushing against -the stretchers as the men rowed.</p> - -<p>Such an attack of hiccoughs racked me that it called attention to my -having regained my senses.</p> - -<p>"'Ullo, Bill, 'ere's another one come back from Davy Jones," said a -black-whiskered man, leaning over with his face close to mine. "He's -swallowed a bloomin' volcano, from the looks of him."</p> - -<p>"Where am I?" I murmured.</p> - -<p>"Wot a question!" was the answer. "This is the same old world, and full -of trouble. Did ye take us for angels and me for St. Peter?"</p> - -<p>"Help me up," I answered.</p> - -<p>The man bent down and hauled me out by the shoulders to a sitting -position; then I saw how it was. <i>Prisonnier!</i> I was captured, and here -was a fine ending to the glorious life that I had been anticipating.</p> - -<p>I suppose now that if I had spoken all my thoughts since I had left -Belair, and asked even only a few of the many questions that my -common-sense prompted me to keep to myself, I should have been -considered stark, staring mad, let alone being a simpleton. It is almost -ridiculous to look back at it and think that I did not know certainly -who was the President of the United States, or anything about the -history of the last two years. If any one had told me that the British -killed their prisoners, I should not have doubted it, and what was to -become of me I had not the least idea, but I saw that I was not alone in -the strait. Out of the crew of nineteen men that were in the long-boat, -ten, including the wounded seaman, were sitting dejectedly in the bow -and stern-sheets. Together with the Englishmen, we crowded the barge -uncomfortably, but not dangerously.</p> - -<p>The British sailors appeared to be rather a beefy set, and they were in -high spirits over their capture. An officer, with his hair standing up -in tall curls over his forehead, sat in the stern-sheets bareheaded. He -was nursing a wounded hip carefully, and half leaning against a little -midshipman, who had his arm thrown about his shoulder.</p> - -<p>Raising my eyes from the boat, I perceived that the frigate was drifting -with her topsail against the mast only a few hundred yards from us. I -began to feel a bitter hatred of her, and it gave me pleasure to see the -long white gashes in her sides, and to notice the effect of the gunnery -of the <i>Young Eagle</i> plainly apparent.</p> - -<p>"Halloa, Johnny Bull!" said some one behind me with a laugh, "I guess -you run against something, didn't you, a short while ago? Ship looks -kind of unhealthy, like a man's face with the small-pox."</p> - -<p>I turned. It was Sutton, the foretopman, speaking. He did not appear to -be very much depressed by his surroundings,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_266" id="Page_266">[Pg 266]</a></span> nor did he fear the result -of his impudence, to judge of his expression.</p> - -<p>"Stow your jaw," answered one of the Englishmen. "There are worse things -than small-pox."</p> - -<p>I noticed that the man's face was pitted deeply.</p> - -<p>"That's so," Sutton replied; "there's the cat, for instance. I beg your -pardon for not thinking of it; I shouldn't slight an acquaintance of -yours for anything."</p> - -<p>There was some more coarse badinage, not worth recording, and we were -under the shadow of the ship. Many faces lined her bulwarks, and a rope -being thrown to us, soon we were fending the boat off from the side. -Then a rope-ladder rattled down, and not without some difficulty those -in the bow began to clamber up.</p> - -<p>Soon it was my turn. It was not until I reached the deck that I had any -idea of the effect of shot and splinter, but the dark stains, hastily -mopped up, had a reddish tinge that was suggestive, and the loose -running-gear that had fallen from aloft showed that Captain Temple must -have used some of the missiles condemned by the English—and here, let -me state, afterwards used by them, to which I can make oath.</p> - -<p>As we were being hastened below many were the looks of hatred thrown at -us, and cutting taunts also in plenty. To all of these Sutton kept a -running fire of replying, in which he was ably seconded by one or two -others.</p> - -<p>"Why, my old boiled lobster," he replied to a marine who thrust his -great face over the hatch-combing as we descended, "if I hadn't ketched -a crab, I believe we'd 'a' took you with the long-boat!"</p> - -<p>A young officer was directing our guards where to stow us, and under his -orders we were huddled together in the fore-hold, near the cable tier, -where the only light and air that reached us came down through the -chain-hatch.</p> - -<p>I looked about and saw that there were in our party six sailormen and -four landsmen who had been enrolled in our marine force. We presented a -sorry appearance sitting there in the dim light on a lot of spare cable, -the most uncomfortable thing to rest on that one can imagine.</p> - -<p>What had become of the rest of us in the long-boat I did not know then, -but as I found out afterwards, I might as well tell of it here. There -had been nineteen in all when we started; seven reached the shore -safely, two were drowned—one of them, alas! the brave cockswain who had -been wounded, as I have stated. Now as there is no report of this action -to be found in the naval chronicles of Great Britain—at least I do not -know of any—it may be of interest to put down what we heard of it, -although it cannot be vouched for. From the talk we heard, I make out -that there were nine killed on board the <i>Acastra</i> (for this was the -name of the vessel), and upwards of twenty wounded. There were two -killed on board the <i>Young Eagle</i>, and two wounded. In this, I think, I -am correct.</p> - -<p>The groaning of the poor lad with the bloody head caused me to wonder -whether this was going to be our prison cell, or whether we were placed -there temporarily before moving to a better or a worse one. Sutton took -off his jacket, and we made Mackie, the man I had saved from drowning, -the wounded one, as comfortable as we possibly could; but it was not -long before he was wandering in his mind, and this depressed us all, for -there is nothing so apt to cut one's spirits as the watching of -suffering beyond the power of alievement.</p> - -<p>We were sitting in silence when a voice broke upon us.</p> - -<p>"Is there an officer down there?" it questioned. "I hear that one of you -is an officer."</p> - -<p>"Yes," said Sutton, "there is."</p> - -<p>Then he whispered to me, placing one hand on my shoulder, "Speak up, -lad; it will do no harm to play it so, and you may get a chance to speak -to some one higher than these hulk-scuttlers. Make a plea for Mackie, if -you can, or the boy will die down here in this rat-hole."</p> - -<p>So I stood up on my feet, and gazing up at the circle of light through -which came the cable, I said, loudly, "What do you want of me?"</p> - -<p>For an instant I thought that I was going to be made the victim of a -joke, as the man did not reply, but talked to some one evidently -standing over him.</p> - -<p>"Yes, sir," he said, "there's an officer, a midshipman, I dare say, down -there with them."</p> - -<p>In a few minutes we heard the drawing of the heavy bolts that held the -door through the bulkhead into the mid-hold, and some one said, "Let -that young man who spoke come here."</p> - -<p>I stepped out. The door was closed behind me, and I saw it was guarded -by two marines with muskets. Stumbling over barrels and boxes, I -followed the three figures ahead of me up the ladder at an order from -one of them, and soon I found myself on the berth-deck. We were -evidently crowding on all sail, for the frigate heeled over to such an -angle that the half-ports had been closed for comfort, but the water -dashed in through several rents in her top sides. A shiver passed over -me, for the idea suddenly came that I was going to be hanged or thrown -overboard, and this was emphasized by the sight I caught of four sailors -carrying a limp dead Englishman up from the cockpit—that he had died -under the surgeon's knife was evident.</p> - -<p>From the deck above came the sound of shouting and hurrying. The frigate -came up into the wind, that must have freshened, and swung off on the -other tack. As soon as this had occurred, I noticed that some one was -coming down the ladder near where I stood. As he stooped under a beam -and approached us, I perceived that the man was in a handsome uniform, -with great epaulets and much gilt braid.</p> - -<p>"One of the Yankee pirates, eh?" he said, but despite the import of the -words his voice had a fine ring to it, and at one glance into his face I -saw here was a man who would stoop to no mean revenge. His light blue -eyes were almost kindly were it not for the bent brows above them; his -face was extremely handsome and well moulded.</p> - -<p>"Are you an officer of that brig?" questioned the tall man, who I now -made out must be the Captain of the frigate.</p> - -<p>"I am," I replied, drawing myself up, and making a salute with my elbow -at right angles and my fingers at my forehead.</p> - -<p>With a quick glance at my position the Captain made this statement:</p> - -<p>"An officer, eh? But <i>you</i> are no sailor; you may be a soldier, though."</p> - -<p>I almost faltered in my reply.</p> - -<p>"I am instructor in cutlass drill and small arms," I said.</p> - -<p>The Englishman half smiled at this.</p> - -<p>"A nautical maitre d'armes?" he asked.</p> - -<p>"Oui, monsieur," I returned.</p> - -<p>"And speaks French in the bargain, by St. George! Well, well! What is -the name of that vessel you belonged to?"</p> - -<p>"The <i>Young Eagle</i>."</p> - -<p>"Privateer, eh? I thought as much."</p> - -<p>At this he called up the ladder to the spar-deck.</p> - -<p>"Oh, Mr. Vyse!" he said. "It was a Yankee privateer, and not the <i>Wasp</i> -or the <i>Hornet</i>, or any of their navy."</p> - -<p>I was tempted to reply something about <i>stinging</i>, nevertheless, but I -held my tongue.</p> - -<p>"What's your Captain's name?" was the next question.</p> - -<p>I gave it, and the names of the three other officers, but I was -interrupted.</p> - -<p>"Well, you can tell Captain Temple, with Captain Hilton's compliments, -that he is the most impudent and most reckless scamp unhanged," said the -tall man, quietly.</p> - -<p>"When shall I see him, sir?" I asked.</p> - -<p>"Lord knows. Not for some time, I judge," was the answer. Then Captain -Hilton turned. "Take him below again," he ordered to my guards.</p> - -<p>They stepped forward, and each laid a hand on my shoulders. I pushed -them off.</p> - -<p>"One moment, sir," I began. "There is a member of our crew badly wounded -below with us. He will surely die unless something is done for him."</p> - -<p>As I was speaking an officer had descended the ladder from above. I had -seen the heels of his boots as he stood on the top step for some time. -He was short and thick-set, with a mottled reddish face.</p> - -<p>"Mr. Vyse, you heard what this lad said. Pray see that this wounded man -is attended to in accordance with his hurt, and his place of confinement -changed if necessary."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_267" id="Page_267">[Pg 267]</a></span></p> - -<p>"Very good, sir," the short man answered, but he had such a mean look on -his face that I took a distrust against him.</p> - -<p>When I reached the hold again and was thrust in once more among my -companions, there was a deal of questioning.</p> - -<p>"You should have said you were a Lieutenant," said Sutton.</p> - -<p>"It would have made no difference with a privateer officer," put in -another seaman, Edward Brown, a Long-Islander. "They'd hang us all if -they dared; and, mark me, they won't pamper us."</p> - -<p>I did not tell of my military salute, that was so involuntary, having -betrayed me, but of course I can see it was the reason of the Captain's -quick statement.</p> - -<p>It was pitch-dark down in our dank, bilge-smelling hole, and long after -we stopped talking I could not fall asleep. The ridges of the cable -worked into my flesh, and the muttered complaints of the others as they -tried to make themselves comfortable and found they could not, mingled -with the light-headed ramblings of poor Mackie, and a sound suspiciously -like weeping from the corner in which lay one of the young landsmen, all -combined to add to the misery.</p> - -<p>Mr. Vyse had failed to carry out his superior's instructions, and there -had been no one to look after the wounded man, nor had we been given so -much as a pannikin of water, and we were all suffering from thirst.</p> - -<p>Morning came slowly down to us after an apparent year of night, and with -it some relief, for we were given something to eat and drink. Weevilly -bread, greenish salt-horse, and water that smelt unhealthy do not make a -meal that is inviting, but we ate it. After it had been passed in to us -through the entrance we heard a banging and clattering, and found they -were nailing up this mode of ingress. Our next meal was lowered to us -through the circular opening overhead. It was but a foot or so in -diameter, and thus we were bottled up, as it were, like flies in a jug. -On this day Mackie was very low, and we all thought like to die. I doubt -very much if any of us could have lived many days in that foul, close -place, but we had to stand it some time longer, and the way out of it -was like this: The third day, at about noon, we heard the stirring and -trampling of feet and the confused muttering of voices. I swarmed up the -cable until my head was close to the opening, and there I listened. They -were casting loose a gun and dealing out powder and shot—I could make -that clearly out. But now I heard the sounds of conversation close to -me.</p> - -<p>"It's the <i>Constitution</i>," said a voice; "at least they say so up on -deck."</p> - -<p>"Then we're in for it," was the reply. "I've heard tell, messmate, that -she's a sixty-gun ship in disguise."</p> - -<p>"How far off is she?" was the question.</p> - -<p>"About six miles off the larboard bow. Here, you can see her from the -port."</p> - -<p>"What's going on up there?" asked Sutton from below.</p> - -<p>"They say we have sighted a ship, the <i>Constitution</i>; and they're -clearing decks for action," I answered.</p> - -<p>"The <i>Constitution</i>!" exclaimed Brown. "Then we're free men. Cheer up, -my hearties!"</p> - -<p>Sutton's reply to this startled me so that I almost slid down the cable. -Three roaring huzzas broke from him, in which the others joined. Soon I -felt the swaying of my support, and I saw that the quarter gunner was -climbing up to me. It was a crawl of some ten feet.</p> - -<p>"It's a good thing, Debrin, that we are below water if we get to -bandying shot, I tell you. See how she raked the <i>Guerrière</i>." Sutton -chuckled.</p> - -<p>But we could understand nothing from the confusion of sounds, until all -at once I heard a voice I recognized speaking close to me. I knew the -tones before I caught the words. It was Captain Hilton. In whatever he -was saying I interrupted him.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 364px;"> -<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="364" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">"OH, CAPTAIN HILTON," I CRIED. "WE'VE A DYING MAN DOWN -HERE."</span> -</div> - -<p>"Oh, Captain Hilton," I cried, "for Heaven's sake, help us! We've a -dying man down here."</p> - -<p>"Who's that speaking?" questioned the Captain.</p> - -<p>"The prisoners in the chain-hold, sir." I heard the answer given in a -gruff tone, but most politely.</p> - -<p>"That is no place for them," said Hilton, angrily, "and I thought I gave -orders—"</p> - -<p>The rest of his speech I did not catch, for a roller hand-spike rumbled -on deck in such a way as to drown it, but I thought I detected some -expostulation from the other voice.</p> - -<p>We slid down, Sutton and I, to the others. Mackie was conscious, but so -weak from his fever and suffering that he could not lift his head. When -we told him the news he drew a long breath.</p> - -<p>"It's too late, messmates," he whispered. "I'm done for, I fear me."</p> - -<p>We sat there now with courage growing, waiting to cheer at the first -gun-shot; but all was silence from above. This continued for full ten -minutes; then we heard the sound of laughter, and caught the words:</p> - -<p>"The signal of the day, eh? I know her; it's the <i>Pique</i>."</p> - -<p>Sutton, who had understood, struck out with both feet and arms, -muttering to himself.</p> - -<p>"It's one of their own vessels," he cried. "Did you ever see such luck?"</p> - -<p>But my cry for succor, heard by the English Captain, had done us good, -and that afternoon the barriers were broken down from the entrance, and -we were transferred to a more comfortable place of confinement under the -steerage bulkhead, where at least we could sleep on hard boards, and we -were given a blanket apiece.</p> - -<p>Poor Mackie was taken to the sick-bay. It was evident that he was not -long for this world—and alas! and alas! in four days the news was -brought to us that our messmate had died; his skull had been fractured, -and the doctor wondered at his having held to life so long. He was -buried at sea, and I must say this, that Captain Hilton proved himself -to be a magnanimous, big-hearted gentleman, for we were allowed on deck, -and a passage of Scripture was read before they dropped the closed -hammock overboard into the great graveyard of the sailor.</p> - -<p>As we went below to our cell, which was a partition of the after-hold, -as I have said, Sutton observed to me:</p> - -<p>"We're steering to the eastward. Yes, and we'll see the inside of a -prison where men rot, if tales are true. We're bound for England, lad."</p> - -<p>Now the time went by, and even the count of days was lost. We sang -songs, told stories, and played at draughts and other games that we -could manage in our limited room. I wish I had here space to record all -that passed. Some of the yarns spun would be worth the reading, and I -learned a great deal about the condition of affairs between America and -England, and that, as my friend Plummer said, "we had given the lion's -tail a twist, and a good one."</p> - -<p>One of the songs that was most popular was "Hull's Victory," and a -rattling good sea song it was. I used to take the tenor, Sutton the -bass, in a way that would make the beams shake, and were it not that we -were on short allowance in the eating line we would have been quite -comfortable. Every day two of us at a time were allowed to take the air, -in charge of a marine. Sometimes it was Sutton and I who walked -together, and sometimes it was Brown or Craig, the landsman, who was my -companion. Poor Craig! His spirit appeared entirely broken. He had -behaved bravely in the long-boat, but now his lack of heart was pitiful. -He contributed little to our enjoyment, and the only person who ever -gave him a kindly word, I really think, was myself. He spoke to me often -of his home and of the sorrow it had given his mother to part with him. -I can vouch for this, that if he ever got back there, he would stay; for -all desire toward adventure and roaming was killed within him.</p> - -<p>I have not mentioned the other seamen by name purposely, for, with the -exception of Brown and Sutton, they were an ordinary set of good and bad -who would have done well under competent leadership perhaps, but who -displayed no individuality; but they were all loyal to their flag, and -did not appear much cowed by their confinement. When I walked the deck -with Sutton I enjoyed it most. He was an old man-of-war's man, and -criticised the handling of the <i>Acastra</i> in rather a superior manner.</p> - -<p>Some of the foremast hands amongst the Englishmen were rather kindly -disposed toward us, and many bits of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_268" id="Page_268">[Pg 268]</a></span> tobacco they gave out of sheer -kindheartedness to our forlorn little hand, some of whom had suffered -actually from being deprived of the stimulant.</p> - -<p>It happened that Brown and I were walking the deck when the sound of -"land, ho!" came down from the mast-head. During the last day or so we -had sighted a number of sail, all English, but now this created some -excitement. There must have been a mist on the water that had hidden the -land as we approached it, for by the time our recreation was almost -ended we could spy it from the deck as we passed the gangway—tall white -cliffs showing above the horizon.</p> - -<p>"That's Land's End," observed Brown, jumping up to look over the -bulwarks, for of course we were not allowed to approach near a port. -"Johnny Cutlass, my son, this voyage is over. In three hours we'll be in -the English Channel, and then for a little sojourn on board the hulks, -or maybe we'll be shipped direct to one of their land prisons, where -we'll find plenty of company, if I don't miss my reckoning; but keep up -courage—things might be worse."</p> - -<p>We were the last to go on deck this day, but the news we brought down -with us started a great lot of talking. All showed interest but Craig, -who sat there in his usual position, with his forehead on his knees. But -a great change in our life was destined for the morrow.</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="TYPICAL_ENGLISH_SCHOOLS" id="TYPICAL_ENGLISH_SCHOOLS">TYPICAL ENGLISH SCHOOLS.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY JOHN CORBIN.</h3> - -<h3>ETON.</h3> - -<p>Fifty years after William of Wykeham founded Winchester, King Henry the -Sixth founded a school at Eton, a little town across the Thames from his -great palace at Windsor. The rules he drew up for governing his -"college" he copied from Wykeham; and in order to give it the best -possible start, he took one-half the college at Winchester—the head -master, five fellows, and thirty-five scholars—and settled them at -Eton. For a hundred years or so Eton was a mere daughter of Winchester; -but as centuries passed it took a different character. Its site, in the -very shadow of Windsor Castle, naturally secured for it royal favor. -George the Third and William the Fourth took a lively personal interest -in its welfare; and in late years members of the royal family, the sons -of the Duke of Connaught and the little Duke of Albany, grandchildren of -Queen Victoria, have come to Eton to prepare for the university. To-day -the school numbers over a thousand—twice as many as Winchester—and its -graduates include far more men of birth or genius than those of any -other public school. Just as Winchester raised the standard of -scholarship at Oxford, so Eton has made Oxford the university of the -English aristocracy.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> -<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="700" height="458" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">A GROUP OF "HOUSES," THE CHAPEL IN THE DISTANCE.</span> -</div> - -<p>The most interesting part of the buildings are the school-rooms, which -stand to-day almost precisely as they were built. It gives you a queer -feeling to think how many boys and how many generations of boys have sat -on those benches at <i>Arma virumque cano</i>, or trying to drum the -hὁ, hἡ, τó into heads that are already overflowing with -dreams of fresh breezes on the river, and of the sound of the -cricket-ball on the playing-fields.</p> - -<p>On the wood-work of the rooms you will find the names of the boys who -have studied here. On this post you can read H. Wesley, which, Etonians -will tell you, is the way Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, used to -write his name. Pitt carved his name twice, in modest little italics. -Charles James Fox sprawled his in bold capitals across a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_269" id="Page_269">[Pg 269]</a></span> high rail of -the panelled wainscot. And here is Shelley. Each letter is quite -plainly, even boldly formed; and yet they all huddle together so -nervously that they seem to shrink from being seen. As you look at them, -you call to mind the courage and independence that made Shelley refuse -to be fagged, and then his pitiful plight when the fag-masters got up -"Shelley baits," and hunted him through the town;—you can almost see -his pale cheeks and his lustrous eyes. Many of these famous names stand -in a group of their school friends—a poet between a banker and a -soldier, all boys together—and among these many another, perhaps the -most popular of all the boys at school, of whom the world has never -heard. Gladstone's name is as correct as an epitaph. And so it is an -epitaph of the ancient custom of carving your own name, for since his -time you have to pay ten shillings when you leave school, and have a -carver do it for you. These carved names are still arranged in groups of -friends; and sometimes you will find a boy's name where his father and -grandfather placed theirs; but they are all as like as so many types in -a font; not one of them tells you a syllable about what kind of a boy -the owner was. It would be so much better to allow each boy a certain -space, and let him carve his own name the day he leaves.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="400" height="293" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE LOWER SCHOOL, WITH CARVINGS ON SHUTTERS AND POSTS.</span> -</div> - -<p>Eton, like Winchester, has seventy scholars—"King's scholars," or -"collagers," as they are called—who are chosen by competitive -examination, and are supported by the funds of the foundation. Every -year four or five of these are awarded scholarships at King's College, -Cambridge, just as the best boys from Winchester go to New College, -Oxford. The rest of the boys, as at Winchester, live under the care of -masters in houses of about thirty-five boys each, scattered through the -town, and are called "oppidans." The oppidans call the collagers "tugs," -a word which probably refers to their <i>togas</i>—that is, gowns. Not many -years ago the collagers were so poorly fed and housed, and so wretched -generally, that the phrase was "beastly tugs"; but of late this class -prejudice is dying out, and the fact that several of the collagers have -been great athletes and good fellows all round has worked wonders. One -still hears of "beastly tugs," and the prejudice against being supported -by the college is not yet dead; but one finds it mostly among the -younger boys, and even they do not feel it half so much as they pretend.</p> - -<p>The government of the school is very like that at Winchester. The -Captain of the College has much the same duties as the Prefect of Hall, -and is aided by the other best scholars. The oppidans have also a -Captain, but he is under the Captain of the College. Besides this, the -houses have each a Captain, as the Winchester houses, have Prefects. Of -course it does not always happen that the man who leads his house in -scholarship is man enough to rule the rest; but if he is not, the -leading athletes step in and take matters into their own hands.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="400" height="268" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE QUADRANGLE OF THE "COLLEGE."</span> -</div> - -<p>The punishment masters give for small offences is <i>pœnas</i>—that is, -lines of Latin or Greek to write out. In extreme cases the head master -"swishes" a boy with a lot of birch twigs tied together. In time past -swishing seems to have been about the only means of discipline, and the -head master had a regular block for the purpose. One night a lot of old -Etonians, who had been celebrating a cricket victory, broke into the -room<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_270" id="Page_270">[Pg 270]</a></span> where the block was, and carried it off to London. There they -hired rooms and founded an Eton Block Society, to which no one could -belong who had not been swished on the block at school.</p> - -<p>What Wykehamists call <i>tunding</i>, Etonians call <i>smacking</i>. The only -difference is that instead of standing up, the culprit sometimes has to -put his head under a table, while the Captain rushes across the room -with uplifted rod. Etonians say that though smacking sometimes draws -blood, the worst part of the punishment is the suspense of waiting -between blows with your head under the table. The offences punished by -smacking are disorder and disobedience in the house. On an average, the -head master has only half a dozen boys or so to swish each term, and the -average boy is not smacked more than a dozen times during his six years -at Eton. Many people, of course, think bodily punishment very brutal, -but I never knew a public-school boy or a master who did not approve of -it as practised nowadays. In fact, you could hardly enlist the older -boys on the side of law and order without giving them a means of -discipline which the younger boys respect; and if you didn't do this, -you would have to give up the best parts of the public schools.</p> - -<p>The houses at Eton are clustered about the college, and look very -comfortable with their broad, ivy-covered fronts, and window-boxes -blazing with flowers. In the description of Winchester, there was so -much to say about the college that I had no room to speak of the houses; -but at Eton the houses are the more important part. Instead of large -common sleeping-rooms, the boys have each a room of his own. These are -not usually more than ten feet square, and besides a folding-bed, -bath-tub, and wash-stand, they contain not only a fireplace, to cook -meals, and a tea table, but also a study table and chair, and sometimes -a bookcase and ottoman. You wouldn't think there was much space left for -a boy to live in, to say nothing of making a racket, but there is. A -favorite joke in some of the houses is to gather all the bath-tubs in a -hall, and shove them through the transom into some poor fellow's room. -This fills the room so full that the boy who owns it has to get the -care-taker to drag out each separate bath-tub, amid vast sound and -confusion, before he can go to bed. In the winter months the boys play -football up and down the halls, using the doors at either end for goal. -This also makes enough noise. But these are not the only diversions. In -a number of rooms you will find collections of books far larger and more -wisely selected than is usual on the shelves even of American university -men.</p> - -<p>A boy enters his house at about twelve years old. From this time on he -is carefully watched by the house-master, with a view to checking his -bad traits and developing his good ones. Most of the masters make it a -point to find out all they can about a boy from his parents, and then -carry on his training as it was begun; or if he thinks his training -unwise, to correct it. The fact that most of the troublesome details of -discipline are in the hands of the elder boys makes a master's relations -with his pupils unusually frank and affectionate. And as the masters are -always well educated, usually sensible, and often famous athletes, they -have a strong and very admirable influence. Much of all this, of course, -the boy never suspects. He simply grows to respect and like his master -without quite knowing why.</p> - -<p>A master's best means of bringing out a boy's character is to put him in -the way of having the right sort of comrades. Sometimes the older -boys—perhaps at the master's suggestion—invite new boys to breakfast, -as second-year men at the university invite freshmen; but usually a boy -becomes acquainted with his seniors by fagging for them. His severest -duties as a fag are to cook breakfast and supper in his fag-master's -room; but in many of the houses the boys eat their meals together, so -the fags have a pretty easy time of it. In fact, altogether too much has -been said about the tyranny and brutality of fagging. Most small boys -are glad enough to be with the big boys, and a Senior who plays football -or rows well might have as many youngsters to wait on him as he chose. -Fag-masters are often the fags' best friends, and even at the -universities afterward keep a kindly eye upon them. Sometimes it happens -that a fag turns out a great cricketer or oarsman, in which case his old -fag-master is as proud of him as of a younger brother. Like as not in -after-life a country parson can look back upon the time when he fagged -the bishop of his diocese. Like tunding or smacking, fagging is at -bottom more humane than the neglect which a small boy suffers at an -American school.</p> - -<p>The boys are kept very much together in each house by their meals and -the early hour of "lock-up"; while chapel, frequent school-hours, and -"absences"—that is, roll-calls—keep them from spending much time away -from the school. As a result the fellows in a house get to know each -other thoroughly, and to stick together like brothers. Each house has -its debating and literary society, its football and cricket teams, and -its crew. Where there is so much loyalty to the house, it is only -natural that rivalry among the houses should be keen. Ten times as many -boys go into athletic contests as in America. Altogether a house is a -miniature college, and a school a small university. Even if a boy didn't -know a soul outside of his house, he need never become lonesome, and -seldom homesick. This life in the houses is almost all the society boys -have at most public schools.</p> - -<p>Eton, however, is so large that it supports several school societies. -The most important of these is the Eton Society, or "Pop," as it is -generally called. When Pop was founded early in the present century, its -aim was purely literary. Mr. Gladstone relates that in his time they -used to elect now and then a solid athletic man, because they believed -in encouraging sports. To-day Pop still holds debates; but it has grown -almost exclusively athletic. One of the younger masters told me that as -a boy he and a few others succeeded in electing a Captain of the College -who, though a good fellow, was not an athlete; but that to do it they -had to blackball everybody else till their man got in. Present members -say that only good athletes are elected. The clever fellows have a -society of their own, which is much what Pop was at first.</p> - -<p>The members of Pop are mainly the cricketers who play against Winchester -and Harrow, and the boating-men who row for and often win the Ladies' -Plate at Henley. These together make, say, twenty, and eight more or so -are chosen from the fellows who "get their colors" for playing the Eton -games of football, which are so different from all other Rugby football -that they can play them only among themselves. You must not think, -however, that a man will get on Pop merely for being a great athlete. He -must be a first-rate fellow besides, and as it happens, there are always -a number of clever men and good scholars among the athletes in the -society. In a word, Pop is the best society that can be made up from the -athletic men, and is even more purely athletic than the Dickey at -Harvard or Vincent's at Oxford.</p> - -<p>The authority Pop exercises over the school, though so peculiar as to be -difficult to describe, is enormous. It is as great, for instance, as -that of the three Senior societies at Yale, and is shown in much the -same way. Yet such revolts of public opinion as have occurred of late at -Yale, for instance, during the discussion of the undergraduate rule, are -unknown. It would be more just to compare Pop to the Yale Senior -societies at their prime—that is, before the university began to -outgrow them. The most obvious way in which Pop affects Eton life is, of -course, in matters of school discipline. Such offences as do not come -directly within the province of the Captains or the masters, Pop deals -with in no faint-hearted manner. For instance, some years ago a boy who -had gone with the Eton eleven to Winchester sent home bogus telegrams -about the match, and kept the fellows swarming about the bulletin-boards -at Eton in anxious suspense. Now there is nothing an English boy likes -better than a hoax, but not about such serious subjects. When that -youngster got back to Eton, Pop smacked him soundly—or, in the Eton -phrase, he was "Pop-caned." On another occasion, when a number of boys -had been expelled for a very serious offence which had been proved -against them, one of them made an imposing exit in a drag at an hour -when the street in front<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_271" id="Page_271">[Pg 271]</a></span> of the college was swarming with the boys. -Being a popular fellow, he was loudly cheered. For this outbreak against -the action of the masters, numbers of the elder boys were Pop-caned.</p> - -<p>Such societies as Pop form almost the entire social life at most -American schools and universities; but in England the members never lose -loyalty for the college or house they belong to. This is the reason why -at Eton Pop has such a strong and good influence over the rest of the -school. In America, when a man gets into a leading society he is -naturally and almost inevitably drawn away from his earlier and less -fortunate friends, so that the school or university is split up into two -parts—those who are in things and those who are not. Very often, too, -as at Harvard, those who are in things are divided among themselves, so -that there is no unity of spirit. Our societies will, of course, always -exist; but their evil influence might be destroyed, and their good -influence strengthened, by forming the school into houses as soon as the -boys arrive, and the universities into something like colleges.</p> - -<p>By this time you must have suspected that in spite of a lingering class -prejudice against the tugs, the Eton spirit is really democratic. At -Oxford and Cambridge Lord So-and-so may often find his way where plain -So-and-so could not go; but English schoolboys refuse to give way to -mere lords and earls. A tradesman once told me of the experience of the -little Earl of Blank, who used to present his card when buying things. -The other boys found it out, followed him from shop to shop, and booted -him every time he did it. "All the same," said the tradesman, "it is -awkward when a nobleman tells you his plain name, and you send the goods -to <i>Blank, Esq.</i>" As often as not one gets to know a fellow pretty well -before finding out that he has a title. The little Princes of Connaught, -and even the Duke of Albany, will boil their own kettles for tea, and -perhaps even fag with the other boys. It was not only on the -playing-fields of Eton that the battle of Waterloo was won. It was in -the school-rooms and houses as well.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="THE_EVOLUTION_OF_ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING" id="THE_EVOLUTION_OF_ELECTRICAL_ENGINEERING">THE EVOLUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY HERBERT LAWS WEBB.</h3> - -<p>Electrical engineering began with the telegraph, some sixty years ago. -The road for the telegraph was paved by many great experimenters and -discoverers. Under their patient and fostering care the infant showed -its first teeth, so to speak.</p> - -<p>In 1837, when Queen Victoria was just beginning her long reign, the -telegraph began to do practical work. Cooke and Wheatstone started a -system in London, with instruments having five little needles bobbing -about, by which the signals were read. Five wires had to be strung -between the two stations, but the system was soon improved so that only -one was required. This telegraph very early in its life received a -splendid advertisement by causing the arrest of a murderer, who -otherwise might have escaped. He was travelling to London after his -crime, and expected to lose himself among the crowds of the city. But it -so happened that a trial of the telegraph was being made along the very -line of railway. His description was telegraphed to London, and he -stepped from the train into the arms of the police.</p> - -<p>At the same time that Cooke and Wheatstone were working in England, -Morse was hard at work in America. His system was very complete and -practical, and, once he was able to give it a fair trial in public, it -was received with great enthusiasm in this country and all over the -world. The instrument that makes the furious rattling you hear in the -halls of all the hotels is Morse's instrument.</p> - -<p>Morse's first public trial was made in 1844—fifty-three years ago. -After that telegraph lines were built up very quickly in all parts of -the world. Many clever men took up the work, and invented methods and -devices for improving the systems, and to-day the extent of the -telegraph lines of the world and the amount of work done are simply -stupendous. To give just two examples: In the early years of the -telegraph the lines were quite short, and only a few words could be -signalled in a minute. To-day a line is building from Cairo to Cape -Town, the clear length of the African continent, and there are in daily -use automatic instruments which send long press messages at the rate of -450 words a minute. In sending by hand forty words a minute is quite a -common speed.</p> - -<p>As soon as land telegraphs were fairly started men said, why not lay -wires under the sea? Why not? So in 1850 they laid a wire under the -English Channel, from Dover to Calais. It was a very short-lived line, -because the day after it was laid a French fisherman picked it up with -his anchor, and knowing nothing about telegraphs, and caring less, cut -it in two to clear his miserable anchor. The next year they laid a -strong cable, sheathed with iron wires, proof against fishermen's -knives. That worked splendidly, and they say that parts of that same -cable are still working under the Channel. Of course it has been often -repaired and pieced out with new, but it shows what sturdy offspring an -infant can have when a submarine wire forty-five years old still does -service.</p> - -<p>After that submarine cables were laid down between various countries. -Some of them were costly failures, because, although the men who had -taken the infant in charge had learned a great deal about its little -ways, they had not learned all the refinements necessary to success in -laying and working deep-sea ocean cables. So, in 1857, when Cyrus Field -formed his Atlantic Telegraph Company, the cable that he and his plucky -companions laid under the Atlantic failed completely of its object. But -Field and some of those with him simply would not accept defeat. So they -spent more money, laid more cables, failed again, toiled and moiled and -worked like beavers for years, until at last in 1866 they finished a -cable from Ireland to Nova Scotia that worked like a charm. It was, -without exception, the greatest piece of work ever done in electricity, -and its history is one of the finest of the many tales of engineering -enterprise.</p> - -<p>To-day there are about a dozen cables between North America and Europe, -and three between South America and Europe. There are cables in every -sea and ocean in the world, and across every ocean except the Pacific. -In all there are more than 150,000 miles of submarine cable under the -waters of the globe, and there is a fleet of forty ships, large and -small, fitted out solely for the purpose of laying and repairing -submarine cables. Nowadays the laying of an Atlantic cable attracts no -attention, and the fishing up of a slender rope less than an inch thick -from the floor of the ocean, 12,000 or 15,000 feet down, is a thing done -a dozen times a year. In Cyrus Field's time the Atlantic cable was the -topic of the world for years, and the recovery of the broken cable was -for a long time impossible, because no machinery then made could stand -the strain.</p> - -<p>In 1866 a telegram from New York to London took hours on the way. For -many years past the merchants of the two cities have been in the habit -of grumbling vigorously if they don't get replies to their messages -within half an hour of despatching. The result of the Derby is known in -New York before the winning horse has slacked his pace after passing the -judge's box, and it is all over the world before the proud owner has had -time to lead him back into the paddock. A cable message goes round the -world in an hour or so, and the sun gets so rattled that people hear of -events that happened to-morrow.</p> - -<p>No sooner had the world got fairly settled down to submarine telegraphy -than the dynamo came along. Up to that time electricity had always been -procured from chemical batteries. To obtain it mechanically by moving a -coil of wire in front of a magnet was a great step in advance. The -infant was now striding along lustily. Batteries are expensive, -inconvenient, and of very small power. Once get electricity from a -machine, and there is no limit to the amount to be got. The arc-light -had been produced by means of joining many hundreds of batteries -together, but that was a brilliant experiment—there was nothing -practical or commercial about it. But with an electric machine it was -different, and once the machine was in existence the electric light was -something to think about.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_272" id="Page_272">[Pg 272]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 347px;"> -<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="347" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">AN ELECTRIC LIGHTING PLANT.</span> -</div> - -<p>The evolution of the electric motor followed, as a natural thing, from -the evolution of the dynamo, for a motor is simply a dynamo reversed. In -the dynamo you revolve the armature—as the coils that move between the -magnets are called—and the machine gives out current. In the motor you -feed current into the armature, and it revolves and gives out mechanical -power. There is a very pretty story to the effect that this action was -discovered quite by chance. In some accidental way the wires leading -from a dynamo at work were connected to another dynamo, and this second -one at once began to turn merrily round, as if by magic. However this -may be, the dynamo had been in existence for some time before any -practical work was done in sending power from place to place along a -slender wire. The electric motor, as a commercial machine, is barely ten -years old. Yet now its busy cheerful hum may be heard under thousands of -street cars in hundreds of towns. It is used to work all sorts of -machinery, from the sewing-machine and the dentist's drill (beastly -thing!) to heavy factory machines of all kinds. Ten years ago the -electric motor was in its swaddling-clothes, and was never placed out of -sight of its nurse, the dynamo. Nowadays electrical engineers think -nothing of building motors of several hundreds of horse-power, and of -placing them many miles from the dynamos that supply them with current. -In this way a factory may be run by the power of a waterfall ever so -many miles distant. The waterfall drives the dynamo, the dynamo sends -its current along wires carried on poles up hill and down dale until -they reach the motor, and the motor drives the machinery of the mill. At -Niagara Falls work of this kind will be done on a very large scale, and -many places round about will be supplied with light and power from the -huge dynamos that are to be placed there.</p> - -<p>Perhaps the most beautiful and intelligent of this wonderful family of -"infants" was born eighteen years ago—the telephone. Even when it was -the tiniest kind of an infant, and many men, some of them quite clever -in other lines than prophesying, thought it would never be more than a -puny little creature—a sort of scientific freak—the telephone was the -most wonderful thing of the century. It did something absolutely new. It -took your voice, made an electric current of it, and turned it out at -the other end voice again, with all the little quivers and tones that -each voice has of its own. The telephone, more than any other electrical -invention, made people think that anything is possible with electricity. -It was such a marvellous performance to send the voice along a wire from -one end of a city to another, that when people became a little familiar -with it they were prepared for anything. A famous electrician once -raised a laugh at a dinner by relating in his speech that when a friend -had asked him over the telephone if he recognized his voice, he replied, -"Yes, and I can smell your cigar." But you would not be surprised if you -learned to-morrow that you could see the man at the other end of the -wire, or smell his cigar by electricity, or that a line of flying ships -between New York and London was to start skimming next week.</p> - -<p>But it was some little time before people got familiar with the -telephone. At first they did not believe in it, though now they will -believe in anything called electrical. For some time there were few -telephones in use, and the lines were very short. Then the exchange -system was started, and telephony began to grow with leaps and bounds. -In 1874 the telephone, as the saying goes, "was not born nor thought of" -outside of the laboratory of Professor Bell. In 1894, there were 250,000 -telephone subscribers in the United States. New York and Chicago each -has 10,000. The number of conversations carried on each day by means of -the telephone—well, you might almost as well try to count the grains of -sand on the sea-shore. Not only has this infant learned to talk a great -deal—and, surprising to say, it speaks all languages with equal ease, -even the hopelessly difficult ones—but it has got amazing lung power. -Its voice reaches in a moment farther than you can travel in a day. When -young, it whispered a distance of a mile or two. At six or eight years -of age it talked clearly with a couple of hundred miles between speaker -and listener. For three years or more people in Boston and New York have -talked with people in Chicago, and to-day they think nothing of that, -and want to talk to San Francisco.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_273" id="Page_273">[Pg 273]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT" id="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT"></a> -<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="600" height="127" alt="INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT" /> -</div> - -<p>The reform in interscholastic athletics in the middle West seems to be -going forward most satisfactorily. We hear fewer complaints of -semi-professionalism among the school teams, and most of these have no -foundation in fact. It seems clear now that most of the breaches of -amateur spirit that we have had to record heretofore were largely the -result of a lack of knowledge and appreciation of the strictness of the -rules which have to govern amateur sport, rather than of a desire to -defeat the ends and purposes of these regulations.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="500" height="307" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">MADISON, WISCONSIN, HIGH-SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.</span> -</div> - -<p>As has been chronicled in this Department, Madison High-School at one -time allowed two players on its football team to take courses at the -university while still attending school. The fact that they attended the -university at all should have disqualified these men; but the -Madisonians did not interpret the rules in that way. Now, however, they -have come to see that this sort of thing involves a principle, and that -it cannot be allowed.</p> - -<p>The past season, therefore, so far as I am able to find out, the Madison -High-School team has been made up strictly of students of the school, -and the players have taken up football for the sport of the game, rather -than for the sake of the empty honor of a championship. This -"championship" business is getting to be very much overestimated and -exaggerated, and may eventually do much harm to sport; but this is -another subject, and we shall have to come back to that at another time.</p> - -<p>The Madison High-School team had a uniformly successful season this -fall, although, because of its reputed strength on the gridiron, its -managers found some difficulty in securing games with other high-school -teams. The Madisonians were therefore compelled to arrange a number of -games with elevens which might not ordinarily be considered in their -class. For the second time they defeated the St. John's Military Academy -team, the only eleven which has ever defeated Madison H.-S.,—barring -the university team.</p> - -<p>The strongest opponents they met were the Minneapolis H.-S. eleven. Five -days after this hard game they played a team which came up from Chicago, -representing the Hyde Park High-School, but I have never been able to -find out what percentage of the members of this eleven ever saw the -inside of a Hyde Park school-room. The managers and players of the team -were not above practising deception either, for some of their men played -against Madison under assumed names.</p> - -<p>The Madison newspapers, it seems, had some fault to find with the method -of play indulged in by the Chicagoans, and accused several of them of -slugging. Full-back Trude was one of the men who received a raking over -the coals. A few days later, however, the manager of the Madison -High-School team received a letter from Mr. Trude,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_274" id="Page_274">[Pg 274]</a></span> saying that the -charges made against him were totally false, for the very simple reason -that he was not in Madison on Thanksgiving day. Who the young man was -who masqueraded as Trude and played full-back for the Hyde Park team I -do not know.</p> - -<p>This incident goes to show what serious results may come from what young -men at first consider as merely innocent deception—if any deception may -be considered as innocent. Many parents of Chicago school -football-players objected this year to the game, and signified their -unwillingness to have their sons take part in it. A number of these -boys, however, disregarded these wishes, and played football under -assumed names. In fact, it got to be quite a joke among Chicago -high-schools that a number of boys had two names—their real name, and -their "football" name. Of course, a few months of this sort of business -hardened the unscrupulous players, and was no doubt indirectly -responsible for the deception practised by Hyde Park upon Madison -High-School.</p> - -<p>Four of the members of the successful Madison High-School team graduate -this year, but a good nucleus is left to start in with next fall. The -average weight of the eleven was 143 pounds, and the average age, I am -told, was 16½ years. This seems very young to us in the East, where -boys remain at school until they are considerably older, or, perhaps, do -not get to school until they are more advanced in age. With teams -averaging between sixteen and seventeen years there is no necessity for -an age-limit rule, apparently; whereas in Boston and New York there is -always an altercation when the age standard has to be decided, a strong -faction regularly demanding that men of twenty-one shall be admitted to -school athletics.</p> - -<p>My opinion is, and always has been, that no one twenty-one years of age -has any business being at school, unless he is extraordinarily stupid, -or unless illness or a weak constitution has made it impossible for him -to keep up with his studies. In either case such boys had better keep -out of athletics, except for necessary light exercise, and devote all of -their time to learning enough to get out of school with credit. All this -is aside, and I find that I am again wandering far from the Madison -High-School.</p> - -<p>The Madisonians, to take the subject up again, did not meet any team -this fall which was not considerably heavier than their own, and it is -plain therefore that their victories were largely due to their -team-work, and, doubtless, to the agility of their ends and the -swiftness of their backs. Their eleven scored during the season 135 -points to their opponents' 46.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="500" height="321" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, HIGH-SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.</span> -</div> - -<p>The interest in football in Michigan has increased greatly of recent -years, and this fall, out of five hundred boys attending the Grand -Rapids High-School (many of these, of course, far too young to be -allowed to play the game), fifty-two were candidates for positions on -the football team. As finally selected, the average weight of the eleven -was 149 pounds. Of nine games played eight were victories for the -High-School, the one defeat being administered by the University of -Michigan eleven.</p> - -<p>The Detroit High-School team was likewise a strong one but, as it did -not meet the Grand Rapids H.-S. eleven, the question of State -superiority is left undecided. I hope that the lads of both schools will -come to see that this is a matter of very small moment, so long as they -have derived benefit from their sport; but unfortunately we have to face -the condition that unless one aggregation can write "championship" all -over its record, there is dissatisfaction in every camp.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="500" height="308" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">BANGOR, MAINE, HIGH-SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.</span> -</div> - -<p>The football season in Maine has closed in a muddle, the schedule of the -Interscholastic Association not having been properly played out, and two -or three schools are now lifting up their voices to claim that they are -the best the State ever produced. It seems to be largely a case of a -fear of defeat on the part of somebody, and a great lack of that spirit -which should prompt the young men to go out on the field and play for -the sake of playing, and not for the sake of winning the game.</p> - -<p>Among the Hudson River teams which played good football this season was -that of the Mohegan Lake School. They closed the season with a record of -four victories and one defeat—losing to Riverview Academy, -Poughkeepsie. The success of the eleven was largely due to the good work -of Captain Kendall, who coached and looked after the eleven without the -assistance of more experienced advisers. The Mohegan team had a very -effective system of offence, but they were not strong in defensive work, -doubtless because their second eleven was too weak to afford them hard -enough practice.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="400" height="311" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">BROOKLYN LATIN SCHOOL FOOTBALL TEAM.</span> -</div> - -<p>Further up the river the Albany High-School took the laurels in its -neighborhood. It won the championship of the Northeastern New York -Interscholastic Association, and was the strongest eleven the school -ever put forth. The chief feature of Albany's play was its team-work, -which proved effective against heavier opponents.</p> - -<p>Little progress has been made by the managers of the Knickerbocker -Athletic Club Interscholastic Games, which are to be held in the Madison -Square Garden this winter. So far, at the meetings of the executives -many questions have been left undecided, and the events that are to be -contested have not even been announced. Neither is it possible to -announce as yet the names of any of the prominent athletes whom we shall -see come together there, but as soon as there are any developments we -shall take up the subject again, as this meeting will undoubtedly prove -the most important interscholastic athletic event in New York this -winter.</p> - -<p>The skating races this year in New York are to be sanctioned by the -Interscholastic Association, although they were not so sanctioned last -year. Arrangements have already been made, and I hope to be able to deal -with the subject more fully next week. It will be remembered that last -season Morgan of De La Salle carried off all the honors. His records -were as follows: 220 yards, 23 sec.; quarter-mile, 50-1/5 sec.; 2 miles, -6 min. 36-2/5 sec. He was also a member of De La Salle's winning team in -the 1-mile relay race. This year undoubtedly there will be a greater -interest in these skating races and surely a larger number of entries, -for a number of skaters are already in training for the several events. -I believe that arrangements have been made to hold the contests at the -St. Nicholas Rink instead of at the 107th Street rink, which is no doubt -a change for the better.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_275" id="Page_275">[Pg 275]</a></span></p> - -<p>The Cook County League has adopted a schedule for the in-door baseball -season as follows:</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">January 9—North Division at Hyde Park.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 9—Austin at Lake View.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 9—Englewood at Evanston.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 16—Austin at Hyde Park.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 16—Lake View at Englewood.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 16—Evanston at North Division.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 23—Hyde Park at Englewood.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 23—Evanston at Austin.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 23—North Division at Lake View.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 30—Hyde Park at Evanston.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">January 30—Austin at North Division.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 3—Hyde Park at Lake View.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 3—Austin at Englewood.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 6—Englewood at North Division.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 6—Lake View at Evanston.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 13—Lake View at Austin.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 13—Hyde Park at North Division.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 13—Evanston at Englewood.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 20—North Division at Evanston.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 20—Hyde Park at Austin.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 20—Englewood at Lake View.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 27—Austin at Evanston.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 27—Englewood at Hyde Park.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">February 27—Lake View at North Division.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">March 6—North Division at Austin.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">March 6—Evanston at Hyde Park.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">March 13—Lake View at Hyde Park.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">March 13—Englewood at Austin.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">March 20—Evanston at Lake View.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">March 20—North Division at Englewood.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>In every case the first-named team is scheduled to play against the -last-named at the home of the latter.</p> - -<p>It was decided by the managers when they laid out this schedule that it -would not be required of the teams to play on the exact dates specified -if another, earlier, day of the same week proves more convenient. The -only stipulation is that if the managers of any two teams cannot agree -upon an earlier date they must play no later than upon the day -specified.</p> - -<p>There is so little interest in this winter sport among the students of -English H.-S. that no team has been entered by that institution, and -South Division will prove a weak contestant on account of its lack of -facilities for the development of athletic material, there being no -gymnasium connected with the school. Englewood and Hyde Park are new -members to the League. The former's team has played some good practice -games, but the latter's has not as yet showed of what material it is -composed. Austin, the champion team of last year, has but two new men on -this year's team, so that the prospects are they will finish near the -top if they do not get the pennant. Lake View's is another strong team -that has been playing excellent ball. North Division has played several -good games, but also several poor ones, and its final make-up is -undetermined. Evanston will undoubtedly send a team that will be the -strongest ever put out by that school. From present indications the -championship seems to lie among Austin, Lake View, Englewood, and -Evanston, their chances being in the order named.</p> - -<p>The comment upon the division of spoils in Connecticut, recently made in -these columns, has elicited a number of protests from readers in the -Nutmeg State. Most of my correspondents, however, in their arguments -have seemed to miss the main point of the evil. One argues that it is -necessary to charge admission-fees to football games because the public -interest in high-school athletics is so great in Connecticut that a -stiff admission-fee is the only barrier against a disorderly crowd. He -writes that where no charge is made a rough element lines the ropes, and -frequently creates a disturbance for which the schools are in no way -responsible, but which naturally reflects upon the management.</p> - -<p>In support of these contentions he cites the disturbance at New Britain -a year ago, when a number of the town rowdies destroyed a Hartford -banner. If the conditions, therefore, are such that it is necessary to -make the spectators pay an entrance-fee, purely as a means of -protection, I believe by all means in retaining the box-office and the -turnstile. My suggestion to do away with the sale of tickets was offered -merely as a means to cut down the accumulation of an unnecessary -surplus, not because there is any objection to the system. On the -contrary, if the box-office keeps out the undesirable element, by all -means let the box-office remain. But the fact that a rough element -compels the Connecticut schools to charge an admission-fee to their -games has no relation to the subsequent spoliation of the treasury.</p> - -<p>Another writer states that some of the schools in the League are unable -to raise money for athletics, and so must depend upon the Association to -help them out financially. There is no objection to this either, so long -as the money drawn from the Association is used strictly for the purpose -of promoting that branch of athletics by which the money was earned. It -is only natural that, in a League whose membership is scattered over so -broad an area, some schools should incur greater expenses than others. -For this very reason, if for no other, there should never be an equal -division of profits.</p> - -<p>Those schools that have heavy expenses should put in their bills to the -Association's treasurer, and receive payment for their necessary -expenditures. Thus one school will need $125, perhaps, while another -will find it necessary to spend but $50. The latter should therefore -only receive from the central treasury just that amount, and not a cent -more, "to be devoted to athletics." The root of the evil is the <i>pro -rata</i> division. Aside from any ethical question, this promotes -extravagance, and leads to a loose financial system. Money earned by -athletics should be handled most judiciously, or it will prove a very -insidious and complicating element in the economy of sport.</p> - -<h4>"FOOTBALL FACTS AND FIGURES."—<span class="smcap">By Walter Camp.—Post 8vo, Paper, 75 -Cents</span>.</h4> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">The Graduate</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 173px;"> -<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="173" height="300" alt="ROYAL BAKING POWDER" /> -</div> - -<p>ROYAL Baking Powder is an absolutely pure cream-of-tartar powder, -analyzed and recommended by the Health Officers of London, New York, -Boston, Chicago, etc., who praise it highly for its marvellous purity -and leavening strength. Its use is a safeguard against the alum baking -powders of which the market is full and which are known to make -dangerously unwholesome food. Royal Baking Powder makes finest flavored, -lightest, sweetest, and most delicious food, and imparts to it -positively anti-dyspeptic qualities.</p> - -<h4>ROYAL BAKING POWDER CO., NEW YORK.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_276" id="Page_276">[Pg 276]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN" id="QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN">QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN.</a></h2> - -<h3>ON ATHLETICS.</h3> - -<p>There was a time when the college man who joined an athletic team felt -that he must train hard for a month or two before his great match came -off, and that then his duty to his college and his team ended, and he -could go out of training until the next season. "Training" then meant a -somewhat barbarous plan of eating half-cooked meats, drinking limited -quantities of water, taking physical exercise almost all day long, and -doing little else. Since those days we have all discovered that training -consists in eating normal food that is well cooked and taken at regular -times of the day, going to bed at night by nine or ten o'clock, and -rising to half past seven or eight o'clock breakfast. That part of the -matter has been pretty well settled, but perhaps the most important -defect in the old training system has not been corrected, though every -one will acknowledge that it is a defect the moment he thinks it over. -This is the absurd idea that you can get ready for a big athletic game -in one or two months. A very long time ago it was discovered that if you -want to do anything well you must practise at it day by day for many -more months than can be crowded into one year. Nobody ever made a great -success at anything by working night and day for a month or two. And it -is precisely the same with baseball or rowing or football as it is with -studies or law or the ministry.</p> - -<p>You may have been eating all sorts of things during the summer, sitting -up late at night, and getting up late in the morning. Do you fancy that -on the 1st of October you can begin an entirely new life, and make a -good football-player of yourself by Thanksgiving day? Not by any means. -If you want to be the member of some college athletic team, begin before -you get to college. Begin by eating carefully, not by eating food fit -for wild animals, but by eating good meats, and so on, and not filling -up on candies and sweets day after day at meals and between meals. There -is a reason for this. A man whose stomach is weak has no courage, and if -he has no courage he carries himself through a game on his nerves, and -is completely exhausted at the end of that game. No one can give himself -a strong, vigorous digestion in one month, nor in one year if he is at -all weak there. It requires years of normal living to do this, and it is -the most important part of all training. Probably the famous story about -Napoleon is quite true, that he thought more of his soldiers' food and -shoes than of their guns, for he maintained that no man could fight in -pinching shoes and on an empty stomach. In the same way you cannot train -your muscles, to do extraordinary things in a few short weeks. It -requires months and years of gradual work. If you start in late and work -hard every day you will ruin your muscles instead of improving them, and -as a matter of actual record many a good man has been lost to his team -for this reason alone.</p> - -<p>What is the most critical time in a baseball match or a football game? -When does the oarsman's great test come? Certainly not at the start, for -we all do well then. But at the very close of the game, when, after all -the players have become exhausted, the real nerve of the contest -arrives. That is the time when the man who has been slowly and carefully -training year by year will find that he is better than all the others, -and that he can put in the extra pound at the oar or the extra speed at -the long football run which carries his team to a closely won victory.</p> - -<p>Athletic training, therefore, is nothing sudden, nothing to be "taken -up" at any one time for a short space, but a general self-control and -guard which the boy or man keeps over himself in summer and in winter, -keeping himself healthy, in good hard condition, and ready for anything -he may be called on to do. Any one will tell you this is quite in line -with the best methods of study, of work, or of business in after-life; -that it is the steady, careful man that wins. But as we are not -preaching here, this must be left for fathers and older brothers to do.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>THE COST OF ROYALTY.</h3> - -<p>Here are a few statistics lately published that will doubtless prove -interesting to the reader. The royal family of England costs the British -government, in round numbers, $3,000,000 annually. Of this sum the Queen -receives nearly $2,000,000 a year, besides the revenue from the Duchy of -Lancaster, which amounts to a quarter of a million. The Lord Lieutenant -of Ireland receives $100,000 a year for his services and expenses, and -the Prince of Wales $200,000 a year. The President of France receives -$240,000 a year for salary and expenses, an enormous salary when it is -remembered that the republic is sweating under a stupendous national -debt of over $6,000,000,000—the largest debt ever incurred by any -nation in the world. Italy can have ten thousand men slaughtered in -Abyssinia and still pay her King $2,600,000 a year. The civil list of -the German Emperor is about $4,000,000 a year, besides large revenues -from vast estates belonging to the royal family. The Czar of all the -Russias owns in fee simple 1,000,000 square miles of cultivated land, -and enjoys an income of $12,000,000. The King of Spain, little Alfonso -XIII., if he is of a saving disposition, will be one of the richest -sovereigns in Europe when he comes of age. The state allows him -$1,400,000 a year, with an additional $600,000 for family expenses. We -are said to be the richest nation on earth, yet our President's salary -is only $50,000 a year. It was only $25,000 from 1789 to 1873.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>NEW USE FOR A WATER-CART.</h3> - -<p>Two countrymen were paying a visit to the city of Edinburgh recently, -when for the first time in their experience they saw a water-cart -employed in laying the dust after the orthodox fashion. They had been -warned by their friends before leaving home not to be surprised if they -saw many wonderful things, and, above all, not to give expression to -their astonishment, as they would probably only be laughed at for their -ignorance. Hitherto the clodhoppers had attended fairly well to these -instructions, and so far at least had not made fools of themselves. But, -alas! a water-cart was too much for them. No sooner did their eyes -alight on it than Jock, the more enthusiastic of the two, rushed off -towards it, shouting to the driver:</p> - -<p>"Hey, mon! hey, mon! stop, for guidness' sake; yer scaling a' yer -watter!"</p> - -<p>Jim, his companion, was not so easily deceived, however, and, vexed to -see Jock make such an exhibition of his ignorance, ran after him, and -seizing him by the coat tails, reprimanded him as follows:</p> - -<p>"What for are you makin' such a fule o' yersel' for, Jock? The man ken's -brawly that the watter's scaling. Lo'd, man, if ye had ony sense you -could easily ken that it was only a dodge tae keep the laddies aff the -back o' the cart."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>A neat little correspondence took place between David Roberts, the -artist, and a friendly art critic with whom he was in the habit of -hobnobbing. Roberts had painted a number of pictures into which he put -all his genius, and upon placing them on exhibition, much to his -surprise and mortification his friend the critic severely attacked them. -In due time, however, a note arrived, addressed:</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"<span class="smcap">My dear Roberts</span>,—You have doubtless read my remarks upon your -pictures. I hope they will make no difference in our friendship. -Yours, etc., ——."</p></blockquote> - -<p>This had a tendency to slightly increase the painter's wrath, and he -couched the following:</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"<span class="smcap">My dear</span> —-,—The next time I meet you I shall pull your nose. I -hope it will make no difference in our friendship. Yours, etc., <span class="smcap">D. -Roberts</span>."</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is not recorded whether they met afterwards, but it is safe to say -those erstwhile friends hobnobbed no more.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_277" id="Page_277">[Pg 277]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="STAMPS" id="STAMPS"></a> -<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="600" height="206" alt="STAMPS" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin -collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question -on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address -Editor Stamp Department.</p></blockquote> - -<p>Three important measures have just been agreed upon by the House of -Representatives, and probably will be accepted by the Senate. The first -bill introduces the principle of responsibility on the part of the -government for the delivery of registered letters and parcels.</p> - -<p>The proposed law provides that senders or owners of registered matter -lost in the mails may be indemnified to an extent not exceeding $10 for -any one letter or package. This will do as a beginning, but the American -public is entitled to at least as much as is given to the citizens of -European nations by their respective post-office departments. For -instance, we pay 10c. for a registered letter, and by the proposed law -may collect up to $10 if the letter or parcel is lost. In England a -registered letter costs 6c., and if lost the owner can collect up to -$25; if 10c. is paid, the indemnity is raised to $75.</p> - -<p>The second measure is one permitting the use of private postal cards to -which a 1c. stamp is affixed, provided the same be approximately of the -same size and weight as the officially made card. If passed, there will -be some very handsome and many very humorous cards sent through the -mail, and interesting collections could be made at a very little cost.</p> - -<p>The third measure is one providing for the appointment of -letter-carriers in small places, who shall collect 1c. for each letter -or parcel delivered. This is practically applying to small villages the -system which fifty years ago was common in New York, Philadelphia, and -other large cities. If the charges are collected by stamps, it will -revive the collecting of U. S. Locals.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">B. J. Jones</span>.—The old Anti-Surcharge Society was organized about -six years ago through the efforts of Mr. C. B. Corwin, but it soon -went to pieces, as the great body of collectors refused to -discontinue the collection of the innumerable and uncalled-for -varieties. The evil has abated of late years, from the fact that -the burden grew too heavy for all philatelists excepting a small -body of very rich men. The "Seebecks" are declining in price -rapidly.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">J. Learned</span>.—The collecting of entire U. S. envelopes should be -followed where possible. Discard all varieties of water-mark paper, -shapes, sizes, gums, etc., collecting simply by dies and papers.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">A. A. Weilman</span>.—It is claimed that the first envelope in modern -times used for prepayment of postage was the New South Wales for -1838. A genuine copy would probably bring $250.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">W. H. Carr, Jun</span>.—You can buy the Philatelic button of C. W. -Kissinger, Reading, Pa.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">H. F. King</span>.—The Japanese wedding stamps were issued in 1894. The -red is sold at 4c., the blue at 5c.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">O. Lewis</span>.—You do not state the paper, or whether used or unused. -On white paper it is worth 20c.; on amber paper, 25c.; on blue -paper, $5; on fawn paper, $15.</p> - -<p>% %.—The half-dime, 1856, can be bought for 15c.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">J. P. Wilton</span>.—The stamp-dealers are offering $2 Columbian stamps -at $1.75. They are used for postage by the large banking houses, -chiefly for prepayment of postage on packages of bonds, stocks, -etc., sent to Europe.</p> - -<p>G. R. D.—I do not know what dealers pay for stamps. Their selling -prices are quoted in the stamp catalogues. Your Agricultural -Department envelope bears the seal of the department. No commercial -value.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">C. C. Ransom</span>.—It is impossible to give values for long lists of -stamps. Any catalogue will price the stamps both used and unused, -give the date of issue, and much other information. The standard -1897 catalogue costs 58c., but good catalogues can be bought at -5c., 10c., or 25c. each.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Philatus</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="500" height="240" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">The price of good things oft is high,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">But wise housekeepers tell</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">That Ivory Soap is cheap to buy</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 20em;">And best to use, as well.</span><br /> -</p> - -<h4>Copyright, 1896, by The Procter & Gamble Co., Cin'ti.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Two Popular Writers!</h2> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>KIRK MUNROE</h3> - -<p><b>RICK DALE.</b> A Story of the Northwest Coast. Illustrated by <span class="smcap">W. A. Rogers</span>. -Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Lively and exciting, and has, incidentally, much first-hand -information about the far Northwest.—<i>Outlook</i>, N. Y.</p> - -<p>Capital story of adventure..—<i>Philadelphia Evening Bulletin.</i></p></blockquote> - -<p><b>SNOW-SHOES AND SLEDGES.</b> A Sequel to "The Fur-Seal's Tooth."—<b>THE -FUR-SEAL'S TOOTH.—RAFTMATES.—CANOE-MATES.—CAMPMATES.—DORYMATES.</b> Post -8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25 each. The Four "Mates" Volumes in a Box, -$5.00.</p> - -<p><b>WAKULLA.—FLAMINGO FEATHER.—DERRICK STERLING.—CHRYSTAL, JACK & CO.</b>, -and <b>DELTA BIXBY</b>. Illustrated. Square 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.00 -each.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>JAMES BARNES</h3> - -<p><b>NAVAL ACTIONS OF THE WAR OF 1812.</b> With 21 Full-page Illustrations by -<span class="smcap">Carlton T. Chapman</span>, printed in color, and 12 Reproductions of Medals. -8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, Deckel Edges and Gilt Top, $4.50.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Unquestionably both the most lifelike and the most artistic -renderings of these encounters ever attempted.—<i>Boston Journal.</i></p> - -<p>Brimful of adventure, hardihood, and patriotism.—<i>Philadelphia -Ledger.</i></p></blockquote> - -<p><b>FOR KING OR COUNTRY.</b> A Story of the American Revolution. Illustrated. -Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>A capital story for boys, both young and old; full of adventure and -movement, thoroughly patriotic in tone, throwing luminous -sidelights upon the main events of the Revolution.—<i>Brooklyn -Standard-Union.</i></p></blockquote> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_278" id="Page_278">[Pg 278]</a></span></p> - -<h2>Clever Puzzle-Solvers.</h2> - -<h3>Answers and Awards in that "Land of Shades" Contest.</h3> - -<p>A very great number of people took interest in that quaint story from -the "Land of Shades" about an election held in that country. The answers -sent in competition for the $40 offered in prizes showed an unusually -high average in penmanship, neatness, and intelligence. In deciding -which answers were the correct ones some standard had to be taken. That -standard was "Harper's Book of Facts." It should, however, be explained -that the effort was made, when the story was written, to put in no -questions on the correct answers to which there is a conflict of -authorities. But these contests often bring to light conflicts -heretofore unknown. It happened so in this one. The question was about -the "Father of Tractarianism." The answer had in advance was Dr. E. B. -Pusey. Keble and Newman were prominent, but the title, so far as could -be found, had been applied only to Pusey. But several solvers in this -contest found authorities for others besides Pusey. So the question was -dropped, and played no part in deciding the awards. In passing judgment -upon other answers exact spelling of names was not required, nor was it -held essential that first names, dates, etc., be given. If the solver -showed that he or she had found the correct answers, such showing was -excepted. A very great number gave Wöhler as the discoverer of -aluminium. Wöhler's employment of the metal was in 1827. Marggraff -discovered it and used it, as a toy it is true, in 1754. A slight -misunderstanding existed about the large ship recently built. Both -answers given were accepted as correct—the Pennsylvania at Belfast, and -the Kaiser Wilhelm I., at Glasgow. The hardest question was No. 29. -About a dozen guessed it, but they missed other questions in so great -number that none of them are among the prize-winners. All prize-winners -failed on it. "Clouds," "snow," "sole-soul" were oftenest given, but any -one can see that they poorly answer the riddle. Many gave "flamingo" as -the answer to the last question but one. Others gave "blackbird." -Neither was accepted, because not so good as "flicker."</p> - -<p>Following are answers allowed: 1. John Kinzie. 2. Pompey. 3. Abraham -Lincoln. 4. Constantine the Great. 5. Robert Cavalier La Salle. 6. G. -Wilhelm von Leibnitz. 7. Sir Christopher Wren. 8. St. Vincent de Paul. -9. Rouget de Lisle. 10. Eric the Red. 11. Edward III. of England. 12. -John C. Fremont. 13. Schouten. 14. Robert Barker. 15. Praxiteles. 16. -Socrates. 17. Tarquin the Elder. 18. Joseph Hopkinson. 19. Andrew -Jackson. 20. Queen Elizabeth of England. 21. Dr. E. B. Pusey. 22. -Marggraff. 23. H. H. Richardson. 24. F. P. Blair. 25. Kaiser Wilhelm der -Grosse and Pennsylvania. 26. Helvetii. 27. Knickerbockers of New York. -28. Egyptians. 29. The green cheese of which the moon is said to be -made. 30. Ink. 31. North Pole. 32. Butcher-bird or Razor-bird. 33. Jay. -34. Flicker. 35. Chattering Fly-Catcher.</p> - -<p>One contestant answered correctly every question save two—29 and 34. -His name is Archer O. Yeames, and he lives in Jamaica Plain, Mass. He is -given $15 of the $40 prize-money and the highest honor of the contest. -Three others tied for second honor, and $4 is given to each. Their -names, mentioned in an order that gives a little the highest credit to -the first, the next to the second, and so on in the order in which all -ties are named, are: Raymond Tilley, Pittsburg, Pa.; Edwin F. Killin, -Stevens Point, Wis.; and Mary H. Eastman, Wilmington, Del. The next in -order of merit was the answer of Esther Neilson, Philadelphia, and $3 is -awarded her. Two tied for fourth place, and are given $2.50 each. Both -live in Pittsburg—Thomas S. Jacobs and Pearl Coyle. For fifth place the -prizes decrease rapidly—more rapidly than they would had it not proved -necessary to admit five instead of three contestants, since five stood -exactly alike. That is, they missed the same number of questions, but -not always the same questions. They are given $1 each. They are: J. -Lawrence Hyde, Washington; Joseph T. England, Baltimore; Paul F. Case, -Fairport, N. Y.; Elizabeth C. Drake, Chicago; and Walter Collins, -Glenfield, Pa. The Messrs. Harper & Brothers, New York, will forward -checks for the sums named as soon as these awards shall have had time to -be read by all contestants. The desire is that winners first learn of -their success in the printed announcement. To notify them by mail, by -sending them money, is to favor them, in time, over other contestants. -It was a hot contest. Congratulations are extended to the victors, and -the losers are urged to try again. For the information of the latter it -may be stated that in this contest scarcely any two were alike; all who -failed missed at least five of the thirty-five questions.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>More Signs and Omens.</h3> - -<blockquote> - -<p>I live in the "Sunny South," where there is a sign for everything -that happens. Among the commonest of these, many are of negro -origin.</p> - -<p>1. Clear in the night, rain again in three days.</p> - -<p>2. "Katydids'" arrival, sign of frost in six weeks.</p> - -<p>3. Sign of a wedding if a cat washes her face and then looks at -you.</p> - -<p>4. If the husks on the corn are thick, sign of a cold winter.</p> - -<p>5. If the rooster crows before the door, look out for company.</p> - -<p>6. If you drop your apron, you have lost your lover.</p> - -<p>7. If your hair-pin is about to come out of your hair, your lover -is thinking of you.</p> - -<p>8. Bad luck for any article of your clothing to burn, either on you -or off.</p> - -<p>9. Bad luck to have a rainy wedding-day.</p> - -<p>10. Sign of a death if a bird comes in the house.</p> - -<p>11. Bad luck if a hooting owl comes near the house.</p> - -<p>12. Sign of a death if a "screech-owl" comes near the house. (This -is considered a terrible thing, and causes great fear among the -negroes.)</p> - -<p>13. Whippoorwills are considered birds of ill omen.</p> - -<p>14. Sign of a death if the dog howls at night.</p> - -<p>I think it would be interesting to continue this, and have the -members send in different local superstitions.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">May Inman Maguire</span>.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Hendersonville, N. C</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>Going Out on a Risky Errand.</h3> - -<p>A government Indian agent who has seen years of service tells some -stories about Indians. Here is one:</p> - -<p>"A ranch near the town of Beaver, in Utah, was attacked by Indians, and -one man who was visiting the ranchman's family was killed. The house was -surrounded by the Indians, and the people within defended themselves as -best they could; but the ranchman, watching his opportunity, lowered his -little boy and his daughter, aged eight and twelve, from the back -window, and told them to try to make their way to the cañon and follow -it down to Beaver, where they could obtain help. The two children -succeeded in reaching the cañon unobserved, and with rare presence of -mind the boy told his sister to follow down one side of the cañon, and -he would follow the other, so that in case the Indians should find one -of them the other might not be observed.</p> - -<p>"The children succeeded in reaching Beaver, where a relief party was -organized, which hastened to the rescue of the besieged party. At the -beginning of the siege the Indians had heard the children in the house, -and missing their voices, the alert savages discovered that they had -gone, and endeavored to overtake them, but being unsuccessful, and -knowing that help would soon arrive, withdrew before the rescuers could -reach the ranch."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>Blind Boys and Baseball.</h3> - -<p>Blind boys can play baseball. It is not the baseball of the League, but -it answers—blind boys. Only one man in the game must have good -eyes—the umpire. The diamond is like the regular ones, save that bases -are forty instead of ninety feet apart. Players are stationed the same -as in a League game, but there is a second short stop, or ten men on -each side.</p> - -<p>The catcher sits on the ground. Think of it—sits on the ground! He -stays well back from the home-plate, and wears a mask and breastplate. -The pitcher aims, first, to enable the batter to hit the ball, and, -second, to have the ball, if not batted, to strike the ground just in -front of the catcher and be taken on the bound. The batsman uses a bat -much like a cricket bat. Taking his position, the umpire says, "One, -two, three," and on the instant the "three" is spoken the pitcher -delivers the ball. The batter has to guess at the time the ball will -reach him, and he guesses rightly in more cases than one would think -possible. If the ball is missed it lands in the catcher's lap. Beginners -at the bat strike ludicrously wide of the ball, but as all the players -are blind, they miss the place to laugh. If the ball is batted, the -umpire calls out the name of the player toward whom the ball is going. -This player hears it, and if he fails to catch it, chases it into the -grass. It is his if he gets it, no matter on what bound it may be.</p> - -<p>When the batter runs, the first-base man calls out, "First," and keeps -calling, so the runner may know in what direction to go. The second-base -man does the same, calling, "Second." Six outs put a side out. These -blind boys get a wonderful amount of fun out of the play, and become -expert at it.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>Life in Our Soldiers' Orphans' Home.</h3> - -<blockquote> - -<p>No one but a member of a home like this can know enough of the -every-day life to fully understand the spirit in which the children -take their confinement; for confinement it is in the end. Owing to -a peculiar training received here, the average child knows more -about the history of our country than any other class of children -in the United States. We have good times among ourselves, and -originate many plays and jokes. We have a band of sixteen pieces, a -debating club, and several minor clubs. On going to school each boy -salutes "Old Glory" as he passes it. To show that the boys are -poetical (?), for instance, when cold slaw is being passed at the -table, the first boy says, "Slaw"; if the next boy doesn't want -any, he says, "Naw."</p> - -<p>At present all thoughts are centred on Christmas. Ask a boy the day -before Christmas or Thanksgiving what he intends to do next day; he -will say, "Eat turkey, of course." We are always glad to get a -letter, and to be certain of having one in the mail we get our -relatives to mark the envelope, so we can tell it before the mail -is distributed.</p> - -<p>One of the Board of Trustees, who lives in Canton, O., recently -visited William McKinley, and told him he was coming to the home -next day. Then the President-elect of the United States, with tears -coming to his eyes, said, "Give my love to every child there. God -bless them!" When the board member told the children this in our -chapel, every patriotic son of America raised his handkerchief and -shook it, after the manner of the Chautauqua salute, and in his -heart said, "Long live our next President!" The boys and girls over -fourteen years of age learn a trade, devoting one-half of each day -to it. But in every case a half-day pupil has better lessons than a -whole-day one. Many children leave here in June next, and have no -place to go. If any persons could put these in the way of -employment they will find them faithful and true in every sense of -the word.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Joseph L. Gill</span>, Cottage 18.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Xenia, O</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>A Great Man Facing Defeat.</h3> - -<p>Mr. Gladstone, one of the greatest of Englishmen, and a man who has seen -comparatively few of his plans of state succeed, is said to be -personally disliked by Queen Victoria. For years he had worked hard upon -a plan having for its object the benefit of Ireland and Irish farmers -and tenants. Seven years ago all of his plans were frustrated. While his -great policy was being wrecked, he sat in the library of the House of -Commons and read the words of a famous opera. Some friends finding him -there, expressed amazement. But this act of the great minister did not -indicate indifference. It showed, rather, a tension that sought relief -in order to avoid worse effects. For when spoken to he said, with a -voice full of pathos, "For the past five years I have rolled this stone -patiently up hill, and it has now rolled to the bottom again; and I am -eighty-one years old."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>At Least one Faithful Hearer.</h3> - -<p>A famous Church of England bishop had a dog named Watch. Once, as Watch -lay by the open door, the prelate read the Bible passage, "What I say -unto you I say unto you all—Watch!" The dog sprang up, and coming -forward, lay down by the reading-desk.</p> - -<p>"One hearer attends my words, at least," mused the bishop.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_279" id="Page_279">[Pg 279]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="THE_CAMERA_CLUB" id="THE_CAMERA_CLUB"></a> -<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="600" height="197" alt="THE CAMERA CLUB" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly -answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to -hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions.</p></blockquote> - -<h3>HINTS ON RETOUCHING.</h3> - -<h3>III.—TREATING THE NEGATIVES FROM THE GLASS SIDE.</h3> - -<p>While this picture does not come exactly under the head of retouching, -it describes how to treat a negative from the glass side so that a good -print may be made from a negative in which the contrasts between the -high lights and shadows are too strong.</p> - -<p>Take a piece of best quality white tissue-paper, moisten it slightly, -and paste it at the edges to the glass side of the negative. Moistening -the paper before attaching it to the negative causes it to adhere -closely to the glass without wrinkles.</p> - -<p>Put the negative in the retouching-frame with the glass side uppermost, -and with a pencil go over the negative, softening the high lights, -working up detail in the shadows—in fact, making a drawing of the -negative on the piece of tissue-paper with which it is covered. When the -drawing or pencilling is finished, take a crayon stump and blend the -lines and lighten the edges of the shadows. It is a good plan to have a -print of the picture pinned to the board as a guide to working on the -negative. When finished and ready for printing, place a piece of -tissue-paper or a sheet of ground glass over the frame, and print in the -shade. If the first work is not successful, the paper can be removed and -a fresh one substituted.</p> - -<p>Instead of using tissue-paper the back of the negative may be coated -with ground-glass substitute, tinted with red or purple aniline dye. -Ground-glass varnish may be made by the following formula, or may be -bought ready prepared:</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">Gum-sandarach</td><td align="right">45</td><td align="left">grains.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Gum-mastic</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="left">grains.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Ether</td><td align="right">1</td><td align="left">fluid ounce.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Benzole</td><td align="right">¾</td><td align="left">fluid ounce.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>Flow this over the back of the negative, and when dry it may be worked -on with a pencil in the same manner as described for the tissue-paper. -Where the solution covers the high lights it can be removed either by -scraping it away and leaving the glass clear, or it may be removed with -spirits of turpentine. The edges may be softened so as to remove the -harsh contrast between the clear glass and the tinted solution by -rubbing them with a powder made of one part finely powdered resin and -two parts dextrine. A leather stump dipped in the powder is the best -means of applying it.</p> - -<p>In landscapes, where in order to obtain prints of the clouds in the sky -the other parts of the picture must be very much over-printed, apply the -ground-glass solution to the back of the negative, and soften the lines -where the horizon meets the sky by the dextrine powder. A few drops of -the aniline dye will be sufficient to give the varnish a tint.</p> - -<p>Benzole is highly inflammable, and must not be brought near a light. The -varnish should be kept in a glass-stoppered bottle, as the ether is -volatile, and soon evaporates if not tightly corked.</p> - -<p>For blocking out backgrounds use Gihon's opaque, a non-actinic -water-color paint. It costs fifty cents a cake, and one cake will last -for a year or more.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">William Walker Paten</span>, 937 St. Paul St., Baltimore, Md.; <span class="smcap">G. Earl -Raignet</span>, 603 North Seventeenth St., Phil., Pa.; <span class="smcap">Elbert H. Dyer</span>, 62 -Bradford St., Philadelphia, Pa.; <span class="smcap">Louise Lewis</span>, 1820 Pine St., -Philadelphia, Pa.; <span class="smcap">Francis T. Stainer</span>, Challinack, B. C.; <span class="smcap">Raymond -E. Reynolds</span>, 34 Ripley Place, Buffalo, N. Y.; <span class="smcap">Arthur Inkersley</span>, 709 -Hyde St., San Francisco, Cal.; <span class="smcap">Conant Taylor</span>, 159 South Oxford St., -Brooklyn, N. Y., <span class="smcap">George D. Porter</span>, 212 Tulip St., Brooklyn, N. Y.; -<span class="smcap">George Fuller</span>, Pittsfield, Ill.; <span class="smcap">Gilbert Jackson</span>, Boonville, Oneida -Co., N. Y., wish to be enrolled as members of the Camera Club.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Lady Sophie F. Macquaide</span>, 46 Mechlin Street, Germantown, Pa., asks -if any member of the Camera Club has a No. 2 Bullet Camera for -sale. She wishes to buy one.</p> - -<p>W. H. writes that the directions for bromide-paper say that it -should be opened in a dark room, and asks if that means that the -room must be totally dark; if fixing, clearing, and developing -solutions can be bought from dealers in photographic supplies; if -Eastman's developing-powder is good for dry plates; and if -transparencies can be developed with this powder. By a photographic -dark room is meant a room in which there is a yellow or ruby light; -the white light fogs the sensitive plate or paper. Solutions of all -kinds may be either bought ready prepared, or will be made up at -the store where photographic supplies are sold. One can buy the -ingredients and make the solutions at home. It is cheaper to buy -the hypo and make up the fixing-bath. One ounce of hypo to four -ounces of water is the proportion for the fixing-bath. Eastman's -powders may be used with any dry plate, and are also excellent for -making transparencies.</p></blockquote> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>A SHREWD TRICK.</h3> - -<p>People in general cannot understand the doings of a student of nature. -Especially quite ignorant persons are apt to conclude, when told that -the objects of his search are fossils or minerals, that under this -explanation is concealed the purpose of securing some buried treasure, -for that is the only thing that would induce them to dig. Mr. A. L. -Adams relates an amusing instance of this reasoning.</p> - -<p>"While excavating a large cavern on the southern coast of Malta, we had -dug a trench in the soil on its floor some six feet in depth, in quest -of organic remains. The natives in the vicinity, hearing of our -presence, came in numbers daily to witness the proceedings, -interrogating the workmen with reference to the object of our -researches, of which the workmen were about as ignorant as themselves.</p> - -<p>"One afternoon three stalwart fellows paid us a visit, and whilst they -sat on the heap of dirt staring down into the dark ditch below, I -dropped a Spanish dollar on a shovelful of earth, and the next moment it -lay with the soil on the heap. Picking it up in a careless manner, I put -it into our luncheon-bag, and a few minutes afterwards our friends -disappeared, muttering to one another as they went.</p> - -<p>"Great was our amusement the next morning to find that our trench had -been carried fully four feet below the level we had gained on the -previous evening. Not only that; several other excellent sections of the -floor had been made by the natives in expectation of finding buried -treasure."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Postage Stamps, &c.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 234px;"> -<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="234" height="146" alt="STAMP COLLECTORS" /> -</div> - -<p>60 dif. U.S. $1, 100 dif. Foreign 8c., 125 dif. Canadian, Natal, etc. -25c., 150 dif. Cape Verde, O. F. States, etc. 50c. Agents wanted. 50 -p.c. com. List free. <b>F. W. Miller, 904 Olive St., St. Louis, Mo.</b></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 147px;"> -<img src="images/ill_020.jpg" width="147" height="109" alt="STAMPS" /> -</div> - -<p><b>ALBUM AND LIST FREE!</b> Also 100 all diff. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only -10c. Agts. wanted at 50% Com. <b>C. A. Stegmann</b>, 5941 Cote Brilliant Ave., -St. Louis, Mo.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>FREE</h2> - -<p>Set of Cuban stamps, cat. at 40c., free to all sending for my approval -books at 50% Dis.; 100 Var. 10c.; Stamp hinges 10c. <b>F. P. GIBBS</b>, 59 -Rowley St., Rochester, N.Y.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center">500 Mixed, Australian, etc., 10c.; <b>105 var.</b> Zululand, etc., and album, -10c.; 12 Africa, 10c.; 15 Asia,10c. Bargain list free.</p> - -<h4>F. P. VINCENT, Chatham, N.Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>STAMPS</h2> - -<p class="center"><b>All unused.</b> 20 var. 10c.; 5 Obock 8c.; 10 Cuba 10c.; 4 War Dep't 10c.; 3 -Montenegro 6c.; 2 Corea 5c. <span class="smcap">C. A. Townsend</span>, Akron, O.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>25 VAR.</b> unused stamps, no Seebecks, cat. value over $1.50, for 50c. -Approval books @ 50%.</p> - -<h4>D. W. OSGOOD, Pueblo, Colo.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>STAMPS</h2> - -<p class="center">Send for approval sheets. 50% com. G. D. Holt & Co., 155 Pulaski St., -Brooklyn, N. Y.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>U. S.</h2> - -<p class="center">25 diff U.S. stamps 10c., 100 diff. foreign 10c. Agts w'td @ 50%. List -free! L. B. Dover & Co. 5958 Theodosia, St Louis, Mo.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>LAUGHING CAMERA, 10c.</h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> -<img src="images/ill_021.jpg" width="300" height="274" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">MY! OH MY!!</span> -</div> - -<p>The latest invention in Cameras. You look through the lens and your -stout friends will look like living skeletons, your thin friends like -Dime Museum fat men, horses like giraffes and in fact everything appears -as though you were living in another world. Each camera contains two -strong lenses in neatly finished leatherette case. The latest -mirth-maker on the market; creates bushels of sport. Catalogue of 1,000 -novelties and sample camera 10c., 3 for 25c., 12 for 90c. mailed -postpaid. Agents wanted.</p> - -<h4>ROBT. H. INGERSOLL & BRO.,</h4> - -<h4>Dept. No. 62, 65 Cortlandt St., N. Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>JOSEPH GILLOTT'S</h2> - -<h3>STEEL PENS</h3> - -<h4>Nos. 303, 404, 170, 604 E.F., 601 E.F.</h4> - -<p class="center">And other styles to suit all hands.</p> - -<h4>THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>HOOPING</h2> - -<h2>COUGH</h2> - -<h2>CROUP</h2> - -<p class="center">Can be cured</p> - -<p class="center">by using</p> - -<h3>ROCHE'S HERBAL</h3> - -<h3>EMBROCATION</h3> - -<p class="center">The celebrated and effectual English cure, without internal medicine. <span class="smcap">W. -Edward & Son</span>, Props., London, Eng. <b>All Druggists.</b></p> - -<h4>E. FOUGERA & CO., <span class="smcap">New York</span>.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>HOME STUDY.</h2> - -<p>A thorough and practical Business Education in Book-keeping, Shorthand, -etc., given by <b>MAIL</b> at student's home. Low rates. Cat. free. Trial -lesson 10c. Write to</p> - -<h4>BRYANT & STRATTON, 85 College Bldg., Buffalo, N.Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>CARDS</h2> - -<p class="center">FOR 1897. 50 Sample Styles AND LIST OF 400 PREMIUM ARTICLES FREE. -HAVERFIELD PUB CO., CADIZ, OHIO</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>HARPER & BROTHERS'</h2> - -<p class="center">Descriptive list of their publications, with <i>portraits of authors</i>, -will be sent by mail to any address on receipt of ten cents.</p> - -<h4>HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_022.jpg" width="600" height="205" alt="PISO'S CURES FOR CONSUMPTION" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_280" id="Page_280">[Pg 280]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> -<img src="images/ill_023.jpg" width="700" height="353" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">HOW TOMMY MADE ONE SKATE DO.</span> -</div> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>A SURPRISE FOR EMPEROR WILLIAM.</h3> - -<p>Before the many independent states of Germany were united into an empire -by Bismarck and Emperor William I., the Bavarians and the Prussians were -on terms of a none too solid friendship. The old feeling of rivalry has -not been entirely eradicated from the lower classes, as may be gathered -from the following anecdote which is authentic, the incident occurring -only a few weeks ago. The Emperor had just been reviewing a body of -naval recruits brought together from all parts of the Empire, and he had -addressed them briefly upon the glory of a naval career, and had warned -them against the enemies of the nation both at home and abroad. At the -close of his speech the young Prussian Emperor was attracted by the -stalwart appearance of a big bluejacket in the front rank. He called the -man to him and asked him what part of the Empire he came from.</p> - -<p>"From Wiesbach, in Bavaria, your Majesty," replied the recruit, -saluting.</p> - -<p>"And did you understand all I have said," continued the Emperor. "Do you -know whom I mean when I speak of our foreign enemies?"</p> - -<p>"Yes, your Majesty. The Russians."</p> - -<p>"And do you know whom I refer to by our enemies at home?" continued the -Emperor, referring, of course, to the socialists and other disturbing -elements of the Empire.</p> - -<p>"Yes, your Majesty," replied the Bavarian, promptly. "You mean the -Prussians!"</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>A SMALL BOY'S AMBITION.</h3> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">I want to be a newspaper-boy,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">And just as soon, sir, as I can,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 21em;">For when I'm grown up 'tis my wish</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 22em;">To be a big newspaper-man.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>EXTREME POLITENESS.</h3> - -<p>Politeness is of course one of the most desirable qualities in a man or -a woman, and particularly in boys or girls. The following story may -teach us something even if we do not necessarily believe it to be true. -It appears that in Japan not long ago three men broke into a dyer's -house while he was away. They were surprised at their work by the dyer's -wife, who asked them what they wanted. One of them replied by gently -asking the wife how much money there was in the place. She answered that -there was just a little in the house. The robber laughed and said:</p> - -<p>"You are a good old woman, and we believe you. If you were poor, we -would not rob you at all. Now we only want some money and this," placing -his hand on a fine silk dress.</p> - -<p>The old woman replied: "All my husband's money I can give to you, but I -beg you will not take that dress, for it does not belong to my husband, -and was confided to us only for dyeing. What is ours I can give, but I -cannot give what belongs to another."</p> - -<p>"That is quite right; we certainly have no wish to deprive you of what -does not belong to you. Be so good as to give us the money, and we will -go," said the robber. The old lady having complied, he immediately -withdrew with his confederates.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p><span class="smcap">Mr. John Bull</span> (of England). "Why do the boys talk so hexcited?"</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Mrs. Bull</span>. "They're at sixes an' sevens over some happles they 'ave."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Mr. Bull</span>. "Hat sixes an' sevens! They'll soon be at <i>hates</i> if they keep -hon."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>It is not to be supposed that the missionary's lot is always the -happiest in the world, but there are times when there are incidents in -it so full of humor as to make up for the troubles and trials which are -more common. Among the stories in illustration of this point is one that -comes from a recent British Consul to Samoa, who states that a -missionary there was one day visited by a gentle-looking youth, who -asked, "Please, sir, may I get married?" A day was appointed for the -ceremony, when, at the time named, appeared the youthful bridegroom, -looking neat, shy, and guileless; he was asked to take a seat and did -so, blushing vigorously. A quarter of an hour elapsed, and there were no -fresh arrivals; yet there sat the young man without the slightest show -of that anxiety usually attributed to gentlemen about to take the fatal -plunge. At last the missionary became impatient, and asked him where the -young woman was.</p> - -<p>"Who?" said the youth.</p> - -<p>"Why, the girl you want to marry!"</p> - -<p>"Oh, she's at Safata!"</p> - -<p>"What!" cried the minister. "Have you come here for me to marry you to a -woman sixteen miles off on the other side of the island?"</p> - -<p>"Yes," replied the innocent; "I didn't think you would want her!"</p> - -<p>He was sent away to fetch her, and in the course of a week returned to -go through the marriage ceremony in due form.</p> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, January 12, 1897, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JAN 12, 1897 *** - -***** This file should be named 60423-h.htm or 60423-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/4/2/60423/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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