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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #60363 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60363)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ninth Cavalry, by Daniel Webster Comstock
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll
-have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using
-this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: Ninth Cavalry
- One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment Indiana Volunteers
-
-Author: Daniel Webster Comstock
-
-Release Date: September 26, 2019 [EBook #60363]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NINTH CAVALRY ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by David King and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net. (This file was
-produced from images generously made available by The
-Internet Archive.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Ninth Cavalry
-
-
-
-
- NINTH CAVALRY
-
- One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment
-
- Indiana Volunteers.
-
- Daniel Webster Comstock
-
- RICHMOND, IND.:
- PUBLISHED BY J. M. COE.
- 1890.
-
-
-
-
- PREFACE.
-
-
-The papers here collected were read by the Regimental Historian, from
-time to time, at Annual Re-unions of the 9th Indiana Cavalry. They are
-printed at the request of the boys of the regiment, and are for their
-benefit.
-
-Combined, they give, as seen from the standpoint of the individual who
-narrates, the principal events in which the regiment took part, but do
-not even refer to many skirmishes in which it participated with the
-forces of Wheeler, Forrest, Rhoddy, and other Confederate Cavalry
-leaders, in the Department of the Cumberland, and "brushes" with
-guerrillas in the Military Division of the Mississippi,--"affairs"
-unimportant from the insignificance of the numbers engaged, but in which
-the most soldierly qualities were often displayed.
-
-The papers were not all prepared by the Historian: with those he did not
-write he has, with the full consent of the respective authors, made such
-changes as he thought proper.
-
-The paper by J. A. Brown, corporal Co. L, on "Sulphur Branch Trestle,"
-appears as written by him, without a verbal change.
-
-The other paper upon the same subject is made up of accounts furnished
-by Col. Lilly and Capt. J. B. Harrod, Co. B.
-
-While the writer assisted in making up the detail sent upon that
-unfortunate expedition, it was not his fortune to go with it.
-
-The very able and graphic chapter upon the Hood Campaign is from the pen
-of Capt. O. B. Hayden, Co. D.
-
-The account of the Lynnville fight appears substantially as given by
-Capt. Harrod.
-
-If in these sketches it appears that too much stress is put on minor
-matters, and things of importance but lightly stated, it should be
-remembered that the statements are made from individual observations,
-and the shading must be looked at from the observer's angle of
-observation.
-
-Hereafter, if the boys desire, the story of the regiment may be further
-told.
-
-It will be noticed that but brief mention is made of the officers,
-especially in the chapter upon the Hood Campaign. There is no
-intentional slight in this--a fair share of the officers were on hand
-and did their duty, as is attested by the fact that four of them were
-killed in action and others wounded during that campaign--but the fact
-is that the privates fought the war and the officers got the pay and the
-glory. It was a peculiarity found in the volunteer service--found in the
-army of no other Nation--that however brave and capable the officers of
-the line, a dozen privates in each company were found equally brave and
-capable. The accident of rank should not affect the distribution of
-credit. It is enough to participate in the glory of the boys--too much
-to claim the lion's share.
-
-D. W. COMSTOCK.
-
-
-
-
- SULPHUR BRANCH TRESTLE.
-
-
-On the afternoon of the 22d of September, 1864, the 9th was ordered to
-furnish a force of mounted men to march to Elk River Bridge, on the
-Nashville & Decatur Railroad.
-
-The detail was promptly made from the mounted men of each company, and,
-under command of Major Lilly, senior major of the regiment, started the
-same night. The force leaving Pulaski, consisting of portions of the 9th
-and 10th Indiana Cavalry, being under the command of Colonel Pace, of
-the latter regiment. The command arrived at Elk River Bridge about noon
-of the next day. Intelligence having been received that a rebel force
-was threatening Sulphur Branch Trestle, some miles further south on the
-same railroad, Major Lilly was ordered to report with his command to the
-commander of that post.
-
-Late that afternoon he arrived there and reported to Col. Lathrop,
-commanding the garrison occupying the earth-work constructed with a view
-of protecting the trestle at that point. The garrison consisted of two
-companies of colored troops. After a brief consultation between the
-officers a reconnaissance was determined upon and moved out on the
-Athens road about sunset. About two miles from Sulphur Branch the
-advance guard was fired upon by the pickets of the enemy. Light
-skirmishing ensued, and, night coming on, by the light of the enemy's
-campfires, their camp was reconnoitered, and they were discovered to be
-in heavy force. The enemy thus discovered proved to be the command of
-Gen. N. B. Forrest, estimated at twelve thousand men, with three
-batteries of artillery. On coming from Pulaski a courier line had been
-established, thus keeping open communication between Major Lilly's
-command and headquarters at the latter place. The courier line was under
-the command of Sergeant Anderson, of Company "B." By means of this line
-the situation was reported to Rousseau at Pulaski, and, in response
-thereto, came the order to "hold the fort at all hazards and to the last
-extremity." Major Lilly withdrew his command to the fort and established
-his picket lines. It was then 9 o'clock P. M. This fort was a small,
-four-bastioned earth-work, mounting two twelve-pounder Napoleon guns. It
-was located upon a knoll by the railway trestle, and was commanded by
-higher points within 500 to 800 yards, while on the east side within a
-few hundred feet, rose a higher hill covered with timber. The remainder
-of the night was spent by the men in throwing up traverses and otherwise
-strengthening the fort. Firing commenced on the picket line at midnight.
-It increased as the night advanced until daylight, when it was evident
-the fort was being surrounded, and before sunrise the battle was on. The
-parapets were manned so far as they could be with so small a force. The
-members of the 9th were in position on the south and east parapets, and
-on the southeastern bastion, on their left along the east parapet, were
-about sixty men of the 3d Tennessee Cavalry, under command of Col.
-Minnis, who had been driven into the fort the evening before; the
-remainder of the work was covered by the two companies of Col. Lathrop,
-who also manned the two guns, situated on the northeast and northwest
-bastions. The entire strength of the force called upon to defend the
-fort may thus be fairly estimated at 450 men. The 9th was armed with
-Gallagher carbines, a very ineffective weapon, and on leaving Pulaski
-had but forty rounds of ammunition, and probably not more than thirty
-when the real fighting began.
-
-The attack upon the fort began before sunrise, and at the first onset of
-the enemy, Col. Lathrop was killed. During the brief period in which
-they knew him, Col. Lathrop impressed himself upon the officers and men
-of the 9th as an intelligent and gallant officer; the manner of his
-death was worthy of a soldier.
-
-About 9 o'clock Col. Minnis, who succeeded Col. Lathrop in command, was
-wounded by a piece of shell and carried unconscious into the magazine.
-The command then devolved upon Major Lilly. He was with his men near the
-southeast bastion; they were meeting each successive charge of the enemy
-with well-delivered volleys, waiting for the command to fire; husbanding
-their failing ammunition, the enemy were permitted to come within close
-range, showing a good front, before the order to fire was given.
-Meanwhile the enemy had gained possession of the wooded hill to the east
-of the fort, and their sharp-shooters from the tree-tops had the range
-of every part of the fort, except immediately under the east parapet.
-The artillerymen suffered severely and the brave men of the 9th were
-falling along the lines. The enemy's artillery raked the works from
-every direction with great destruction. From every point except the
-north, where the ground rose gently across the creek into an open plain,
-the rebels were in heavy force and poured into and against the fort an
-incessant fire. Eleven o'clock came, and then, in the lulls of the
-artillery, the gallant defenders of the old flag were gladdened by the
-sounds that told them that reinforcements were engaging the enemy to the
-north toward Elk River bridge, but the sounds grew fainter and died in
-the distance and they knew that from that quarter no help would come.
-Still they hoped for relief and still held the fort. Suddenly across the
-open ground to the north appeared a heavy line of the enemy. Major Lilly
-sent two messengers, one after another, across the fort to warn the
-officer in command of the colored troops and to inspire his men with
-coolness and firmness to meet the impending assault. Both messengers, in
-making the perilous journey, were killed. Lieut. Jones, of Company M,
-then volunteered to go, and in making the attempt was wounded. Placing
-Captain Nation, of Company G, in command of the battalion, Major Lilly
-went himself across the bloody space in safety.
-
-The rebel line halted out of range; within the fort the ground was
-strewn with the dead and wounded. The men of the 9th Cavalry were out of
-ammunition; for two hours they had been whitling Springfield musket
-balls to fit their carbines. The Tennesseeans were out of ammunition;
-thus two-thirds of the line was left without defense. Twelve o'clock
-came, and along the rebel line the bugle sounded "cease firing," and
-from the north across the open plain was borne a flag of truce. It is
-likely that not a member of the 9th had ever seen one before; it is more
-than probable that it was now looked upon with satisfaction. Every man
-had done his whole duty; they had fought like heroes; they had held a
-brave army under a skillful and fighting general in check for a day,
-thus giving Gen. Rosseau time to concentrate at Pulaski, and had
-literally at a great cost, "held the fort at all hazards, and to the
-last extremity."
-
-Major Lilly answered the flag of truce, taking with him the Adjutant of
-the 3d Tennessee, and, meeting Major Strange, Adjutant General of
-Forrest's staff, after the formal salutations, Major Strange handed
-Major Lilly a paper, which read:
-
-"General Forrest demands the immediate and unconditional surrender of
-the United States forces, with all materials and munitions of war, at
-Sulphur Branch Trestle. In case this demand is not instantly complied
-with, General Forrest can not be held responsible for the conduct of his
-men."
-
-After reading this paper Major Lilly said to Major Strange, that Sulphur
-Branch Trestle would never surrender under a threat; that it was a
-humiliation his command would not bear and one that should never be
-asked by a soldier; that it was true his forces had suffered heavily,
-but they had undoubtedly inflicted greater damage upon the enemy; that
-they were still capable of inflicting greater damage; that
-notwithstanding this he felt that they had done their whole duty, and on
-honorable terms he would counsel a surrender. Major Lilly then rode back
-toward the fort, but had not reached it when he was halted by Major
-Strange, who galloped after him, saying that General Forrest wanted an
-interview. He returned and met Generals Forrest and Buford. He then
-repeated to General Forrest what he had said to Major Strange, and
-added, that he did not believe that General Forrest could not control
-his men, and if he did not he would be held responsible. In reply to
-this General Forrest handed him a paper, which read in substance:
-
-"General Forrest demands the immediate surrender of the United States
-forces and materials of war at Sulphur Branch Trestle. All United States
-officers and soldiers will be treated as prisoners of war.
-
-"All officers and soldiers shall retain and be protected in the
-possession of personal property.
-
-"Officers to retain their horses, if personal property, and also to
-retain their side-arms.
-
-"All officers and soldiers to be taken to some point in the States of
-Mississippi or Alabama, and there held for exchange and parole so soon
-as communication can be had with General Washburne at Memphis."
-
-Major Lilly then demanded one hour before giving an answer, meanwhile
-the troops on both sides to remain status quo. The hour was given, and
-he returned to the fort. Colonel Minnis had by this time recovered
-sufficiently to resume command, and a counsel of war was held. The
-counsel was a unit, with the exception of Colonel Minnis, in favor of
-surrender. While the subject was being considered it was reported that
-the enemy were moving troops, and our white flag was immediately taken
-down and firing was reopened; there was a slight reply from the enemy,
-the troops moved back, the bugles on the other side sounded "cease
-firing," and the truce was resumed. Colonel Minnis, on being fully
-informed of the condition of things in the fort, and especially of the
-insufficient supply of ammunition, yielded to the opinion of the
-majority. Major Lilly then returned to the post of the rebel flag of
-truce, accepted the terms offered, and the surrender was made complete.
-The remnants of companies were ordered into line, then stacked arms,
-and, after preparing for the burial of the dead comrades, and the care
-of those who were wounded, marched sadly away.
-
-About twenty-four hours after the surrender the captured troops crossed
-the Tennessee River at Mussel Shoals, some four miles above Florence,
-Ala. The first rations issued to them were issued on the night of
-September 27th, and consisted of old corn on the cob. This was burnt or
-roasted over fire and eaten by those whose appetites were sufficiently
-keen.
-
-On the 28th of September the C. S. A. issued rations to the prisoners
-the second time--this was at Okolona, Mississippi, and consisted of a
-small quantity of flour and an abundance of good water. On the evening
-of that day Capt. Buchanan, of the 15th Tennessee Cavalry, C. S. A.,
-furnished Lieut. Harrod, of Company B, with stationery and kindly
-offered to send a letter through the lines for him. Acting upon the
-generous offer, the Lieutenant wrote to his wife. Written under such
-circumstances, and while the disaster to our regiment was so fresh, the
-letter is certain to be interesting to the 9th. It reached its
-destination after some delay, is still preserved by the wife of the
-general as a precious memento of the war, and is as follows:
-
- OKOLONA, Miss., Sept. 28, 1864.
-
- _Dear Wife_--I address you this note as a prisoner of war. One
- hundred and eighty-seven men of the 9th Indiana Cavalry and three
- hundred mostly 3d Tennessee Cavalry, were sent to Sulphur Branch
- September 24th. Gen. Forrest attacked the place the 25th with about
- 12,000 men. We were about 500. The engagement lasted about four
- hours after we were surrounded. Our loss was heavy. I had with me
- twenty-seven of Company B. I am wounded in right leg. I will get
- over it in a few weeks. The killed are: Wm. Harvey and Joseph
- Hutton; mortally wounded: Corporal Kirkhoff; severe: Sergeant M. B.
- Walker and Private James Hook; slightly: J. J. Winn and G. S.
- Bailey. Prisoners and well are: Orderly J. V. Hinchman, Sergeant Wm.
- Foster, Sergeant A. E. Anderson, Corporal Blessinger, Privates C. H.
- Sears, W. V. Robinson, John Stewart, J. Craining (blacksmith), W. C.
- Warner, R. Scott, J. Holloway, W. Parman, Joseph Grey, B. F. Waller,
- G. B. Wilson, W. P. Read, M. Chauncy and J. Mooney Church; and no
- man of Company B failed to do first-class work. In our capitulation
- it was agreed that we should all be paroled soon. I have no money
- with me and have on my old uniform. It is reported in camp to-night
- that General Forrest has taken Pulaski with 2,000 or 3,000
- prisoners. If true, all the 9th has gone up. We have eighteen miles
- to go yet to the railroad--Cherokee Station. Then it is said we go
- to Meridian, Miss. You will probably not hear from me again until
- paroled. It may be some weeks, and it may be months.
-
- I send this by the kindness of Capt. Buchanan, 15th Tennessee
- Confederate Cavalry.
-
- J. B. HARROD,
- Lt. Company B.
-
-Although by the terms of the capitulation, the officers were allowed to
-retain their horses and side-arms, the real advantage of this
-arrangement was practically not very great. Every night some horses were
-missing, and when Cherokee Station (on the railroad) was reached, there
-were few, if any, officers who knew where their horses were.
-
-The day after leaving Okolona it rained heavily, and the troops encamped
-for the afternoon and night in the open field. Here was issued a little
-fresh beef without salt.
-
-The boys, from the three issues--first of corn, then of flour, then of
-beef,--by this time realized that the commissary of the C. S. A. was not
-liberally supplied, or that those who controlled it were illiberal in
-distribution.
-
-They reached Cherokee Station the next day (29th of September),
-remaining there about thirty hours. At this point all officers and
-soldiers captured at Sulphur Branch Trestle and at Athens, Alabama, on
-the day before, were placed on board two trains of box cars, to be taken
-to Meridian, Lauderdale County, Mississippi. The 9th Indiana and 3d
-Tennessee were loaded on the last train, which was some hours behind the
-first. To each train a guard of about 150 men were detailed. When not
-far from Iuka, the track being wet and the grade heavy, the locomotive
-not of sufficient power to pull the train up, a stop was made to allow
-the track to dry. The officers in charge put out guards and had fires
-made on both sides of the track. The guards were tired and soon became
-sleepy, and there was but one at each fire. Major Lilly conceived the
-idea of capturing the guard, taking possession of and running the train
-to Corinth, and then marching the guards to Memphis under a flag of
-truce as prisoners.
-
-The officers of the 9th Indiana and 3d Tennessee entered cordially into
-the plan and were willing to take the boys' places at the guns. The
-major then going to the officers of the colored troops, awakened up
-their officers and explained his plan to them. They were afraid to
-engage in the enterprise, for lack of confidence in their colored
-troops. Without their co-operation the result seemed too doubtful to
-justify the attempt, and it was not made.
-
-The next day raw "sow-belly" was issued to the boys on the train. At the
-stations sometimes small purchases were made of something to eat. Lieut.
-Harrod remembers buying a piece (3 × 4 inches) of wheat bread of a
-variety he had not seen before, heavy and solid, for which he paid $5
-Confederate money. Arriving at Meridian, they were placed in a small
-stockade, where they remained for a week, from which place the officers
-were moved to Enterprise, Clark County, Miss., and the enlisted men and
-non-commissioned officers to Cahaba, Dallas County, Ala.
-
-The rations at Enterprise consisted of one pint of coarse corn meal to
-each man daily, without salt, and a small piece of "sow-belly." Each
-mess of eight was furnished a skillet and lid to bake bread in. As a
-rule each mess baked twice a day, those of the mess who were well taking
-their turn for a day as cook. It was a part of the duties of the cook to
-divide the bread, taking the last piece for himself. The preparation of
-this bread did not require any special skill nor long experience. The
-art was soon acquired. It was only necessary to mix the water and corn
-meal thoroughly and to grease the skillet with small bits of meat, that
-the bread might be got out without being broken too much.
-
-In October permission was given to buy such eatables as were wanted, but
-not many of the officers could avail themselves of the liberty for want
-of money. Salt was bought for $3 a pound; coffee, $24 a pound; molasses,
-$10 a quart--Confederate money. In the stores, calico sold for $12 and
-$15 a yard; muslin, $15; good boots, $500 a pair; paper of pins, $6.
-These goods had been brought into Mobile through the blockade.
-
-During the latter part of their imprisonment, after the guards had been
-taken off, an invalid Confederate soldier came into the camp with a jug
-of what he called "pine top whisky," and a tin cup. He offered the
-whisky at 50 cents a pint. There was only one colonel in the camp. He
-was an Ohio man. He bought a pint and drank it. He soon passed into an
-unconscious state, in which he remained for forty hours. The "pine top"
-could be depended upon. Some of the boys bought a sample pint, but
-finding it to be so much inferior to the apple jack of Tennessee,
-promptly discarded it.
-
-The prisoners received some courtesies from Major Ward, Commander of the
-Post, and his Adjutant. Upon one occasion, in the absence of the Major,
-his Adjutant felt called upon to show some of the officers of the
-regiment special attention. He invited them to headquarters, extended to
-them the freedom of the establishment, which they accepted with such
-good will that the fun soon become fast and furious. The Adjutant set
-the pace, after a number of healths had been pledged on the absent
-Major's whisky, by breaking a camp stool. This example was followed by
-the invited guests, who joined in demolishing every article of furniture
-in sight. The Adjutant was not in a condition to escort his guests back
-to their camp, but they found their way without difficulty and knew the
-reason for the issuing of an order, which was read to them next morning,
-to the effect that no prisoner should visit headquarters without
-permission of the Major in command.
-
-The monotony and weariness of confinement was sometimes relieved by the
-drollery of those whose love of fun could not easily be suppressed. The
-prisoners were often indebted for a good laugh to Captain Nation, of
-Company G, and Lieut. J. M. Jones, of Company M. A small boy rode into
-the camp the smallest mule our men had ever seen under saddle. Captain
-N.. who was about six feet tall, expressed a desire to ride the
-"critter." The boy dismounted, and the captain, letting out the stirrups
-to their full length, got into the saddle, his feet almost touching the
-ground. After putting the mule through the various paces he announced
-his intention of recruiting a "critter gang" for the Confederacy. Those
-who heard the captain's speech on the occasion will not soon forget its
-general tenor and the impression it made upon them. The speech was made
-from the back of the mule to the Union prisoners, Confederate guards and
-soldiers, citizens and negroes, who were attracted to the place by the
-captain's voice. It is greatly to be regretted that no phonographer was
-present to have taken it down literally as it came from the lips of the
-Hoosier orator, that it might be incorporated in this true history. He
-called for volunteers to uphold the flag of the Confederacy. He said he
-was going to raise a "critter gang company." No one would be required to
-walk and only to ride when it suited him; that the pay would not be any
-object; that each private would be furnished with a "critter" in size
-and color like the one he then rode, and should have a nigger to feed
-and care for him; that this variety was superior to all others and had
-been bred especially for the Confederate service, easy to mount and not
-dangerous to fall from; that only a limited number of volunteers would
-be received, and that now was the time to subscribe. The captain held
-the undivided attention of his audience, surprising and entertaining
-them with his wit and humor for a half hour, and dismounted and retired
-amid great applause.
-
-While at Enterprise our men were almost entirely shut out from the
-world. The Mobile Register, costing 50 cents a copy, was occasionally to
-be had, and, unrelished and unsatisfactory as it was, yet was sought and
-read with great eagerness.
-
-The privates and non-commissioned officers were marched from Meridian,
-Miss., to Cahaba, Ala. This was a violation of the spirit if not the
-letter of the terms of the surrender. On the march some ten days were
-consumed. They were placed in a pen or stockade and were subjected to
-the usual process of searching, and anything of any value found on their
-persons appropriated by their captors. They were not the first occupants
-of the pen. It already contained Union prisoners, literally
-half-clothed, some having only a shirt, some pantaloons without shirt,
-and some only a part of pantaloons, and all alive with grey-backs. The
-rations issued were substantially the same as those issued to the
-officers, consisting of one pint of corn meal a day and a piece of fresh
-pork, one inch square every other day, although some times the
-authorities forgot or failed to issue the rations for a day or two, very
-much to the disgust of the boys. If the prisoners had been fastidious or
-over-particular they might have complained of the custom to the prison
-authorities, which cut up the meats for distribution on the same log on
-which the dead soldiers were placed before burial. A Dutch skillet was
-allowed to each mess of ten men, as the only cooking utensil. During the
-time of their imprisonment the rains were frequent and heavy, and the
-cooking being done out of doors, our men were obliged often to partially
-shelter the fire with their bent bodies while cooking, to prevent the
-fires from being put out. The wood used for fuel was green white pine.
-The Alabama River overflowed its banks and for two weeks the pen was
-flooded, the water standing from two to four feet in depth. Cord-wood
-was floated in, out of which scaffolding was constructed by the
-prisoners to keep themselves out of the water. During this time the
-rations were eaten raw. It is needless to say that under such
-conditions, without shelter, exposed to the rain, but poorly fed, men
-died every day from exposure and want, and that those who survived were
-weak as children. Their imprisonment which seemed so long to them, at
-last was ended. The officers were sent North on parole December 10,
-1864, but the enlisted men not until April, 1865, at which date they
-were started North, and in their enfeebled condition, although buoyed up
-by the hope of meeting friends and seeing home, it took them five days
-to march from Jackson to Black River bridge, a distance of forty miles,
-and when they came into the camp of their old regiment these brave
-fellows looked so gaunt, famished and woe-begone that they were but
-counterfeits of their former selves.
-
-The terms of the surrender may be said to have been fairly observed,
-except that the colored soldiers were sent to Mobile to labor at the
-salt-works. Their officers shared the fortunes of the officers of the
-white troops. Most of the prisoners of this expedition took passage soon
-after their arrival at Vicksburg on the steamer Sultana, an account of
-the wreck of which is given hereafter.
-
-During their imprisonment, the officers were treated fairly well. They
-were kept in prison at Meridian, Miss., about a week. The prison was a
-stockade made of poles with the ends in the ground and a scaffolding
-around the outside, near the top, on which the vigilant Johnny sentinel
-paced his beat. There was a dead line within the stockade, to which our
-boys paid marked respect. There were two log cabins in the centre of the
-stockade, entirely destitute of furniture, paved with sand and the
-steady companion of the boys--the gray-back. There were probably more
-gray-backs than grains of sand. They kept the boys employed when
-otherwise time would have lagged most slowly. The boys were not without
-money (I speak of the officers). They had dead loads of Confederate New
-Issue. They sold their horses for $600 to $1,000 a piece. It was a poor
-scrub that would not bring $600 in the market of Meridian. Watches
-brought from $500 to $1,500; knives and cork-screws from $50 to $100,
-and other articles in proportion. The people had the money and wanted to
-get rid of it. They were permitted to buy what the town afforded--not
-furnished in their rations, which were liberal in bacon, corn meal, and
-salt. After a week at Meridian, they were sent to Enterprise, a village
-fifteen miles below Meridian. When unguarded, they were put on their
-parole of honor not to leave the limits of the town. They took
-possession of a big tobacco warehouse, converting it into a dormitory
-and headquarters, but took their meals at the houses of the citizens in
-town, they being glad to take the rations of the boys, with what else
-they could buy, and a consideration in New Issue, in exchange for table
-board. Early in December they marched from Enterprise to Memphis. There
-they were ordered to report at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, where they
-were exchanged and reported to the regiment at Gravelly Springs, Ala.,
-late in January, 1865.
-
-The following officers of the regiment were in the action of Sulphur
-Branch Trestle:
-
- Major Eli Lilly.
- Captain Nation.
- Lieutenant Harrod.
- Lieutenant J. W. Watts.
- Lieutenant Dunlevy.
- Lieutenant Canfield.
- Lieutenant Leisure.
- Lieutenant Riley.
- Lieutenant Jones.
- Acting Adjutant Geo. Armstrong.
- Assistant Surgeon E. W. Magann.
-
- Lieutenant Leisure, wounded, but not taken prisoner.
-
-Surgeon Magann was left to care for the wounded. They were not made
-prisoners, the enemy leaving them behind in their march. Lieut. Jones
-was slightly wounded by concussion of a shell, being insensible for a
-portion of the battle, but recovered before it ended.
-
-The following is a list of those who were either killed or mortally
-wounded:
-
- Chauncey Kimball, Co. A.
- William Harvey, Co. B.
- Joseph Hutton, Co. B.
- Charles A. Kirkhoff, Co. B.
- Andrew J. McGahey, Co. B.
- Charles Beckly, Co. H.
- Cassander T. Houston, Co. B.
- Stephen A. Woodruff, Co. B.
- Henry Dorman, Co. K.
- Abram S. Foreman, Co. K.
- Curtis W. Hancock, Co. K.
- George Myers, Co. K.
- Josiah Saucer, Co. K.
- William Torney, Co. L.
- William S. Peckham, Co. L.
- John J. Maple, Co. M.
- Levi Maple, Co. M.
- George H. McGee, Co. M.
- Lewis Pickering, Co. M.
- Sergeant Peckham, Co. M, killed.
- Henry G. Hiatt, Co. G, killed.
-
-The following are the names of those who were made prisoners and died in
-rebel prisons:
-
- Henry A. Rariden, Co. A, starvation.
- John Robert, Co. A, starvation.
- Clay Trahune, Co. A, exposure and starvation.
- W. J. Foster, Co. B, exposure and starvation.
- George O. Houston, Co. D.
- Kelita Mendenhall, Co. E, exposure and starvation.
- Lewis Jones, Co. G, exposure and starvation.
- George W. Bowers, Co. G, exposure and starvation.
- John R. Williams, Co. H, exposure and starvation.
- Henry Brown, Co. M, exposure and starvation.
- Columbus Jessup, Co. M, exposure and starvation.
-
-The following were made prisoners at Sulphur Branch Trestle and lost by
-the explosion and burning of the steamer Sultana, on the Mississippi
-River, a few miles above Memphis, on the morning of April 27th, 1865:
-
- Daniel Curtis, Co. A.
- Patrick Day, Co. A.
- Frederick Blessinger, Co. B.
- Charles E. Church, Co. B.
- Ephraim Parman, Co. B.
- John Stenarl, Co. B.
- John M. Englehart, Co. C.
- Warren A. Huckens, Co. C.
- Wm. H. H. Wood, Co. D.
- John Bonner, Co. F.
- Charles W. Clevenger, Co. G.
- Jonathan R. Downing, Co. G.
- George Downing, Co. G.
- William H. Graves, Co. G.
- William C. Hooper, Co. G.
- Charles W. M. King, Co. G.
- John M. Maynard, Co. G.
- Enoch T. Nation, Co. G.
- James C. Olon, Co. G.
- Martin V. Rodeporch, Co. G.
- John R. Reasoner, Co. G.
- Nathan Thornburg, Co. G.
- Franklin Ballenger, Co. H.
- James Bell, Co. H.
- Alonzo Dunham, Co. H.
- George W. Delano, Co. H.
- Josiah Pratt, Co. H.
- John W. Shull, Co. H.
- Hiram Bailey, Co. K.
- John W. Emmons, Co. K.
- George S. Fisher, Co. K.
- Jacob Hurald, Co. K.
- Henry Newton, Co. K.
- William F. Rea, Co. K.
- Joseph Survaul, Co. K.
- George H. Shockley, Co. K.
- Darius Stevens, Co. K.
- Matthew Zix, Co. K.
- James N. Christian, Co. L.
- Robert A. Morehouse, Co. L.
- Leander McCartney, Co. L.
- John M. Armstrong, Co. M.
- Joseph D. Alexander, Co. M.
- William Brigg, Co. M.
- George W. Blake, Co. M.
- Nathan E. Gruell, Co. M.
- Enos Halloway, Co. M.
- William H. Huffman, Co. M.
- James M. Isentrager, Co. M.
- Samuel King, Co. M.
- Franklin Ridley, Co. M.
-
- Total killed at Sulphur Branch Trestle, 21
- Died in prison, 11
- Lost on the Sultana, 51
- --
- 83
-
- NOTE.--The last dispatch sent out of the fort the day of the
- surrender was carried by John McCorkle, of Company B, and a member
- of the 3d Tennessee Cavalry. They left the fort about 7 o'clock A.
- M., and accomplished the feat by their coolness and "bold riding."
-
-
-
-
- SULPHUR BRANCH TRESTLE.
- BY CORPORAL J. A. BROWN, CO. L.
-
-
-On Sunday, the 25th day of September, 1864, the mounted portion of the
-9th Indiana Cavalry, about two hundred in number, were called to do
-battle at Sulphur Branch Trestle, Alabama. Firing began on the skirmish
-lines at 5 o'clock in the morning, and was kept up at a lively rate
-until about 8 o'clock, when the battle began in earnest. There were with
-us about one hundred of the Third Tennessee Cavalry, and there were also
-about three hundred colored troops that were stationed in the fort. We
-were ordered to dismount and corral our horses and climb the hill and
-enter the fort, except myself and ten men, who were ordered to guard the
-horses, until the battle became so hot that it was considered unsafe to
-remain outside of the fort. We remained with the horses until a
-cannon-ball or slug or something of the kind--anyhow, it was something
-from a rebel gun--landed in about fifteen feet of us. It tore a hole in
-the ground large enough to bury a small-sized cow, and threw dirt all
-over us. We then thought it was time to desert the horses and let them
-take care of themselves, and climb the hill and get into the fort as
-soon as we could conveniently without hurting ourselves, and up the hill
-we went, and when we arrived at the entrance to the fort we asked where
-the 9th Indiana Cavalry was stationed. We were told that they were on
-the opposite side of the fort. So we had to go through the center of the
-fort to get to where our boys were stationed. That was the most
-dangerous trip I ever experienced in my life. There were a lot of
-barracks in the fort and the rebel cannon were playing on them and
-knocking them all to pieces, and throwing the loose boards in every
-direction. It made the hair raise on our heads as we went dodging
-through the barracks among the flying boards and shell and cannon ball,
-but we finally got to our men in safety.
-
-The colonel commanding the fort was killed in the beginning of the
-battle, and Major Lilly, of our regiment, took command, and, by the way,
-Major Lilly was a hustler. He was one of the bravest officers that ever
-went to the front. During the hottest of the battle one of our men got
-scared so badly that he wanted to surrender. So he pulled off his shirt
-and placed it upon the end of his bayonet and held it up as a flag of
-truce. That got the enemy excited and they went for us hotter than ever.
-They made charge after charge, but some of our boys pulled that old
-dirty shirt down and made the fellow put it on again. We kept the rebs
-at bay as long as we had ammunition, but at 1 o'clock we were out of
-ammunition, and there we were about 800 strong, with no ammunition and
-surrounded by ten thousand rebels. So we surrendered. We were then
-conducted out of the fort and taken to the woods and a rebel guard
-placed around us until they got ready to start to Dixie with us. While
-we were waiting there a rebel captain that some of our boys had shot in
-the heel in the fight rode around among us and cussed us for an hour. He
-swore that if he knew which one of us damned Yanks it was that shot him
-in the heel he would shoot his heart out. But we did not tell who it
-was, and I don't think he has found out to this day.
-
-Well, along towards night the rebs got ready to start with us for Dixie.
-Then fun began; we marched nearly all night through the mud and under
-rebel guard. Sometime after midnight we were halted and allowed to lie
-down in the woods on the ground without undressing, but before daylight
-we were rousted out and on the go again. This kind of business was kept
-up for three long days, until we had marched something over one hundred
-miles, with about enough to eat to make one good square meal. With the
-Alabama red mud enough sticking to each foot to make about three brick
-we finally arrived at Tuscumbia, Ala., where the rebs were operating a
-kind of a one-horse railroad. There they piled us into a couple of
-freight trains and we were hauled around over half of the State of
-Mississippi and back again into Alabama, and were finally landed at
-Cahaba, Ala., at the end of ten days from the time we were made
-prisoners. We were then stripped and examined, and robbed of everything
-that we possessed that was of any value. We were then marched into the
-prison pen. The prison pen was a large cotton warehouse, surrounded by a
-stockade with an elevated walk around the outside of the building. On
-this walk the rebel guards were stationed about every forty feet with
-loaded guns ready and anxious to kill any poor Yankee who might see fit
-to set a foot across the dead line. There was also a walk on the inside
-of the building around next to the wall, and a rebel guard was stationed
-there about forty feet apart. The dead line was a mark they made about
-eight feet from the inside wall, all around the inside of the building,
-and no prisoner was allowed to step across that line. If he did the
-orders were to shoot him on the spot, and the order was obeyed to the
-letter, but we were generally careful to keep off of that dead line.
-
-I shall never forget the morning that we were first marched inside of
-that prison. The old prisoners that were there before us on seeing us
-march in all seemed glad to see us, and yelled at the top of their
-voices, "Fresh fish! fresh fish! Hands on your pocket-books," just as if
-we had not already been robbed of everything we had by the rebs. But we
-soon got used to that for we had not been there long until we yelled
-"fresh fish" to other new prisoners that kept coming in every few days.
-There were on an average about three thousand of us there during the six
-months that we were there. Sometimes there were as many as thirty-five
-hundred of us. When there was that many we could not all lie down at one
-time inside of the prison. There was a cook yard in front of the prison
-about seventy-five feet square, enclosed with a stockade. We were
-allowed to pass out into the cook yard during the day so that we could
-cook the little grub that was allowed us. Our rations consisted of one
-pint of corn meal per day and a piece of fresh pork, about one inch
-square, every other day, but that was not issued to us very regular.
-Sometimes they would forget to issue rations to us for a day or so at a
-time. It did not seem to disturb the rebels in the least to forget to
-issue rations to us. We were divided into messes consisting of ten men
-to the mess, and every ten men were allowed one old-fashioned Dutch
-skillet and lid. In this we did the entire cooking for the ten men or
-mess. So we were engaged in cooking all day, if we happened to have
-enough to cook to keep the skillet going. It rained nearly the entire
-time we were there. It seemed to us that it rained at least forty days
-in each month, consequently we had to do the most of our cooking in the
-rain. I have stood in a stooping position over the skillet for hours at
-a time to keep the rain from drowning out the fire while cooking. Our
-wood that we used for cooking with was generally green white pine,
-nearly as hard to burn as green buckeye. We were allowed to go outside
-of the prison to carry the wood in. They would let five of us out to the
-wood-pile at a time; we would rush out and chop a load of wood and then
-carry it in. We would form what we called the wood line, and go out as
-our turns would come. I have stood in the wood line many times for a
-half day at a time in the rain, and then perhaps I would not get to go
-out after wood. We would do this work by turns and when we were not busy
-in this way were busy fighting "gray-backs." That part of the business
-we had to attend to whether we got dinner or not, for if we had
-neglected to kill off the "gray-backs" once a day at least we were in
-danger of being eaten up alive.
-
-We had a regular police force of our own men. It consisted of about
-thirty men. It was their duty to keep order in the prison and to punish
-any one who did not conduct himself in a proper manner. If any two got
-into a fight the police would at once form a ring and let them fight it
-out. They would make it their business to see fair play. There were
-three or four fights in the prison every day. That was a natural
-consequence where there were so many men huddled in together that it was
-almost impossible for them all to lie down at one time, and
-half-starved, it was natural for some of them to get cross and be ready
-to get up and fight at a moment's notice; but they were so weak and in
-such a famished condition that they seldom ever hurt one another in a
-fight. We also had a few dishonest men in the prison; they would steal
-anything they could get their hands upon. The police would sometimes
-punish them very severely for their misdemeanors--such as stealing, but
-there was no punishment for a fair fist fight.
-
-We undertook to break out of the prison one morning about 4 o'clock, and
-captured all the rebel guards inside the prison. We took their guns from
-them and put them in the privy and placed a guard over them and kept
-them there nearly an hour, but the rebels on the outside got wind of it
-a little too soon for us, and there happened to be more rebel soldiers
-there at that time than they usually kept at that point; they rolled a
-big cannon up to the door of the prison and scared us out of the notion
-of breaking out at that time. The rebs called that a mutiny and issued
-an order that we should have nothing to eat until we delivered up the
-leaders of the mutiny. Then we thought that starvation stared us in the
-face sure, for we had no idea that there was one among our number that
-would give away the leaders; but alas! the leaders were sadly
-disappointed, for after three days of starvation, some one--I never
-could find out who he was--got so hungry that he gave the plot away and
-informed on about twenty of the leaders. The rebs took the informer out
-of the prison at once and gave him his freedom for his information. If
-they had not taken him out of the prison he would have fared badly among
-the prisoners for being a traitor.
-
-They took the leaders of the mutiny out and punished them in various
-ways. Some they put in dungeons, some in chains, and one fellow was
-sentenced to be put in a four-foot square box for one hundred days. Some
-of them were never heard of by us after they were taken out. We supposed
-that they were killed. We were always scheming for some place to get
-out. So the next thing we were up to was tunneling out. We had a tunnel
-dug about fifty feet, and in a few more days our tunnel would have let
-us out on the bank of the river, when the river raised and filled our
-tunnel full of water, so that was all work for nothing. I had two
-special friends as fellow prisoners--George W. Addington and William
-Collins. We three stuck together like brothers. One day the rebs took
-Addington out. Myself and Collins did not know what had become of him.
-We thought that, perhaps, they had killed him for some imaginary
-offence. Well, things went on as usual for about a week when a reb came
-in and took Collins out, and no explanation was given, so we thought
-that he was gone up also, but in another week the same reb came in and
-called for me. That scared me nearly out of my boots, for I thought my
-time had come sure, but to my surprise he took me to the hospital where
-I found my friends Addington and Collins busily engaged in washing
-clothes for the hospital. I will say now before I go further that the
-hospital was for Federal prisoners only, and they required prisoners to
-do all the work about the hospital. Addington had managed in some way to
-get the job of washing for the hospital, and as soon as he could make an
-excuse for calling in help he sent for Collins and myself. We got that
-washing business down to a regular system. We would wash sheets and
-pillow-slips on Monday, shirts and drawers on Tuesday, colored clothes
-on Wednesday, odds and ends on Thursday, and on Friday we would boil
-"gray-backs," that is, we would wash the clothes of prisoners that came
-out to the hospital sick. When a prisoner was brought out of the prison
-sick they would take him to an out house, strip him of his prison
-clothes, and take him to another room and put hospital clothes on him,
-and every Friday we had to boil and wash all clothes that accumulated in
-that way. Sometimes it would be a sickening job, but it was far better
-than lying in prison. We three had to work about four hours each day.
-This gave us about half work and we received about half enough to eat at
-the hospital, except occasionally we got something extra. We got it in
-this way: The managers of the hospital were all rebs and aristocrats,
-and they had negro women to carry their meals to their private rooms. Of
-course they got plenty to eat and sometimes there was something left.
-This the waiters always saved for us, and about two or three times a
-week, after dark, our door would be pushed open and we would see a tin
-pan slip in and it always had something in it good to eat, such as cold
-biscuits and cold beef-steak, and it was always good, and we felt very
-thankful to the colored people that run such risk in furnishing it to
-us, for if they had been caught at it they would have been punished
-severely for it. We were not allowed to speak to any of the colored
-attendants about the hospital, but we often talked to them when there
-were no rebs in sight. I once saw a prisoner that was sick but
-convalescing so that he was able to walk about some, come out of the
-ward in search of a fresh drink of water. He asked a colored woman for a
-tin cup to drink out of, and the rebel doctor happened to hear him, and
-he was sent to the prison for the offence. The next morning the poor
-fellow was brought back on a stretcher dead. About the first of March,
-1865, the Alabama river raised and overflowed and spread itself all over
-the town and was from two to four feet deep inside of the prison. Our
-boys had a terrible time of it then for about two weeks. The rebs
-floated wood inside the prison for the prisoners to roost on. Our boys
-had to eat what little grub they got raw, and sleep while sitting on a
-pile of wood. This happened while I was at the hospital, consequently I
-missed the fun of having to sit on a wood pile for two weeks and eat raw
-grub. While at the hospital we always had hash for dinner. I remember
-one day the hash had soured, and we liked it better, because it made a
-change. About the time the river went down to its proper level we were
-all paroled; then we started for Vicksburg by rail until we got to
-Jackson, Miss., about fifty miles south of Vicksburg; there we had to
-take it afoot. It took me just eight days to walk from Jackson, Miss.,
-to Black River, forty miles. When I got there, there was just one man
-with me, about twenty behind us, the others being ahead of us. At Black
-River there was a pontoon bridge--a rebel guard on the south side and a
-Yankee guard on the north side. We arrived there about sundown and had
-to stay on the rebel side all night. Our boys on the north side were
-allowed to bring us over some coffee and hard-tack, which we enjoyed
-very much, as it was the first coffee that we had tasted for six long
-months. The next morning we were transferred to the north side and
-amongst friends. We staid at the hospital in Vicksburg a few days and
-then took a hospital boat for St. Louis, and from there home.
-
-
-
-
- LYNNVILLE.
-
-
-While stationed at Pulaski, Tenn., details from the regiment were
-frequently ordered out upon reconnoitering parties, and upon these
-occasions generally met Roddy, Duke, Wheeler, or other cavalry
-commanders in that department, in skirmishes, which, as a rule, were
-bloodless. They were all exciting, however, and accustomed the boys to
-the use of their carbines. Of these affairs, what was termed in the
-regiment as "The Lynnville Fight," was the most sensational, and
-resulted in more racket than was ever raised by the same number of men
-in so short a time.
-
-On Sunday, September 2, 1864, at 8 o'clock A. M., pursuant to orders,
-the regiment marched out on the Nashville Pike, Companies B and L in the
-advance. The movement was occasioned by reports to the effect that
-Wheeler with a considerable body was in the neighborhood with the
-purpose of destroying the railroad. After advancing about six miles a
-message was received by courier from Capt. Owings, of Co. F, occupying
-with his company the block house near Lynnville, for the purpose of
-protecting the railroad, to the effect that the rebels were in town in
-heavy force, and that he would not be able to hold his position long.
-
-Major Lilly was ordered to go to his relief with seventy men of
-Companies B and L. Advancing at a gallop, Lieut. Harrod, with sixteen
-men of Company B, leading the column, within one-half or three-quarters
-of a mile of the town, from a slight elevation, a full view was obtained
-of the rebels. Halting for a moment, Major Lilly ordered a charge to be
-made with the sabre. Harrod, with his sixteen men in advance, supported
-by the fifty-five B and L men, under command of the Major, forming
-quickly, were soon observed by the rebels. The advance was formed in
-double, the support in single rank. The orders "forward," "trot,"
-"gallop," "charge," were given in quick succession, and in a moment all
-were hidden in a cloud of dust. The rebels in the town proved to be the
-3d and 4th Georgia Cavalry. The attack was a surprise to them. Lieut.
-Harrod, being at the front and right of his platoon, had a fair view of
-the town and the enemy, and as the charge was made, says the Georgia
-boys began to run when our advance was fully a quarter of a mile away,
-and when they reached the south side of the town the Johnnies were going
-out of the north side in great haste and apparent confusion. For the
-next five minutes the race was lively. Our boys returned their sabres to
-their scabbards and drawing their carbines and revolvers began firing.
-The rebels threw away in their haste guns, blankets, haversacks, muster
-rolls, and whatever encumbered them; and between the discharge of
-fire-arms, the shouts of our men and the clatter of the horses' hoofs,
-the natives were thoroughly aroused. The pursuit was kept up for about
-five miles, the fleeing Johnnies making a stand upon coming up to the
-main force of Wheeler's rear guard. Two of the enemy were killed and
-eight captured. The wounded, if any there were, made their escape.
-
-Corporal George R. Parsons, Co. B, mounted on a fast horse, was said to
-have got nearer the body of the enemy's forces than any other man. Capt.
-Nation, who was with the regiment without his company, by special
-permission, with a blow of his sabre delivered upon the side of the
-head, after a command to halt, unseated a Confederate, mounted upon a
-large mule. The mule got away. William Johnson was slightly cut by a
-ball, and the horse of Sergt. Foster was badly shot. Capts. Wall, Nation
-and Moorehouse took part in the charge. The boys, in the presence of
-Wheeler's rear guard, and so near his main body of perhaps 8,000 men,
-did not care to push matters further, and so quietly withdrew to
-Lynnville for refreshments, and to rest their horses.
-
-General Rousseau was near Wheeler's rear and left flank. Wheeler was
-between us with only one way open to the South. During the after part of
-the night Wheeler moved in the direction of Lawrenceburg, and the 9th
-was ordered back to Pulaski. On Monday evening, September 3d, the 9th
-was ordered to Lawrenceburg to head off Wheeler if possible. Rousseau
-was pressing him with between 2,000 and 4,000 infantry and artillery.
-Wheeler's forces were estimated at 8,000--nearly all mounted, with a
-battery of light artillery. His artillery was used very little. The 9th
-reached Lawrenceburg about 7 o'clock on the morning of the 4th, just in
-time to see the 9th Ohio Cavalry assist Wheeler's rear guard out of
-town. About 8 o'clock A. M. the 10th Indiana Cavalry was ordered to the
-front and became engaged with a strong rear guard of the enemy in a
-thick wood. They drove them back two or three miles, when the 10th was
-in turn pressed back. Major Lilly, who was with Gen. Granger when it was
-reported to him that the 10th Indiana had been driven back, requested of
-the general that he be permitted to take his battalion to the front. The
-general, who had heard of the efficient manner in which the Lynnville
-affair had been conducted, granted the request. Col. Jackson received
-permission to lead the remainder of the regiment.
-
-By order the troops on the road for a mile withdrew to the right and
-left, and the 9th was given free passage. The position occupied by the
-10th Cavalry was soon reached. They were in a narrow valley; the rebels
-on the ridge above them--the 9th on the opposite hill. It was fortunate
-for the 9th that the rebels made the mistake so often made in
-engagements--shot too high--the balls rattling in the tree-tops above
-their heads. A rapid fire at will was ordered and the lines were closed.
-The 9th advanced steadily, firing over the 10th Indiana, which soon
-moved out of the way by the flank, giving the 9th an open field. The
-Confederates did not long await the coming of the 9th, but, after a few
-volleys, fell back. Again making a stand and forming, the 9th hurries
-without a halt or hesitation, steadily presses them hard, beating them
-back from occasional stands for a distance of four miles, when Wheeler
-corraled his train, threw down the fences and brought his artillery into
-position. The boys were hot and tired, and concluded they did not want
-to take his artillery and rested. The offer of battle thus made by
-Wheeler to Granger was not accepted for reasons not known to the world.
-The opportunity was a good one and those generals had been ostensibly
-looking for Wheeler. Wheeler had the advantage, to be sure, in numbers,
-of perhaps 2,000 men, and these generals did not know at that time the
-superior material they had under their command. Wheeler began to move,
-and the 10th and 12th Tennessee Cavalry relieved the 9th. After some
-desultory firing, Wheeler was permitted without further serious
-annoyance to cross the Tennessee River. There is where the Federal
-generals desired to drive him, and so the object of the expedition was
-successful and Wheeler's attempt to destroy the railroad a failure.
-
-The loss to the enemy was 25 killed and 150 wounded. The 9th lost none
-killed and none seriously wounded.
-
-September 5th the regiment reached Athens, Ala. September 6th returned
-by Elk River to Mussel Shoals and Shoal Creek, going into camp at night
-on the bank of the stream, with the other bank held by a Confederate
-force under command of a Col. Anderson. The bridge spanning the stream
-being unsafe for horses, on the 7th the regiment crossed by a dangerous
-ford, Companies B and L in advance, and soon engaged with Anderson, who
-was driven to Florence, Ala., a distance of seven miles, in about four
-hours, near which place he succeeded in crossing the Tennessee River.
-
-
-
-
- THE REPUBLIC OF JONES.
-
-
-While held at Enterprise, our men learned of the existence of a
-government within the State of Mississippi, of which most readers of
-history are to this day ignorant. They were informed that early in the
-days of secession Jones County, which touches Clarke County on the
-southwest, by its leading citizens, withdrew from the Confederacy,
-declaring themselves a free and independent people, organized a special
-and distinct government, under the name of the "Republic of Jones,"
-adopted a constitution modeled after that of the United States, elected
-a President and officers of State, and refused to contribute men or
-money to the cause of the Rebellion. The census of 1860 gives the
-population of Jones County at 3,323. So that the standing army of Jones
-could not, if made up of the able-bodied males, have been very
-formidable.
-
-The cause which compelled the brave people of Jones to sever their
-connection with the most of mankind, seems to have been plunder. In the
-absence of C. S. A. troops, marauding parties sallied forth, capturing
-mules, horses, cotton, grain, and whatever else could be easily
-transferred, and when pursued or upon the approach of troops, hastily
-retreated and disbanded, seeking safety in swamps or other places
-difficult of access, remaining in hiding until the apparent danger had
-passed. It is stated that the Republic did not in any manner contribute
-to the cause of the C. S. A.
-
-While the prisoners never became thoroughly posted in the principles of
-that Republic it looked at one time as if they would get, in an
-unpleasant manner, a knowledge of its practical workings. Enterprise was
-about forty miles from the seat of government of Jones. Held at
-Enterprise were about 100 officers of various regiments, (some of
-colored troops,) besides the officers of the 9th Cavalry and 3d
-Tennessee Cavalry captured at Sulphur Branch Trestle. The commander of
-the post was a Major Edward Ward, a resident of Indiana before the war,
-who had gone South in 1858, engaged in business, became identified with
-the people and interests of that section, and united his fortunes with
-those of the Confederacy at the breaking out of the war. He had not been
-so long away from the North as to have grown indifferent to his old
-home--he still had a soft place in his heart for Indiana. He invited the
-officers of the 9th to his headquarters and treated them as hospitably
-as his position and condition would allow. At roll-call at 10 o'clock,
-October 15, 1864, Major Ward informed the prisoners that he had just
-received information through his scouts that the Republic of Jones was
-threatening to capture the prison camp and massacre the prisoners, for
-the alleged reason that the imprisoned officers had commanded negro
-troops. He said he would not be able to protect them against the
-superior force and did not know what to do. The proposition of Major
-Lilly, following the announcement of the commander of the post, must
-have been in the nature of a surprise: "If you can not protect us allow
-us to protect ourselves." Major Ward asked what he meant by that. Major
-Lilly explained that he meant that the commander should place arms and
-ammunition in the hands of the prisoners, and then if they were murdered
-no blame could attach to him. Major Ward said that the arming of
-prisoners was without precedent, and would certainly be dangerous when
-they were numerically stronger than their guard. Major Lilly admitted
-that the proceeding was unusual, but the circumstances justified the
-innovation, and proposed that all the prisoners pledge their honor as
-officers and men to use the arms only in defence of themselves against
-the anticipated attack, and to surrender them when the danger was ended.
-The pledge was taken, and in the afternoon two wagon loads of muskets
-and one of ammunition were delivered to the prisoners, the guards were
-taken off, and each officer selected his gun and put it in condition for
-immediate use. Lieut. Harrod, who had not sufficiently recovered the use
-of his leg--wounded at Sulphur Branch Trestle--to be able to walk, was
-confined to the camp. Thus armed and equipped, the unwonted spectacle
-was presented of the Yank and Johnny marching side by side against the
-common enemy--Major Lilly, in the full uniform of the United States
-Army, with his gun at a right shoulder, by the side of a rebel, marching
-in the picket squad to the front. It was perhaps the earliest instance
-of the fraternizing of the Blue and the Gray.
-
-The prisoners remained on duty three days and nights without being
-attacked. The enemy had learned that their plans were discovered and
-preparations made to meet them. A fight upon fair terms was not what
-they wanted, and they had withdrawn.
-
-True to their pledged word the prisoners surrendered and stacked their
-arms--no gun nor man missing. They had shown that they were as honorable
-as brave, and from that time until they were sent North they were
-allowed greater freedom of movement--the guards simply patroled the
-camp. Citizens were allowed free access to camp, but the prisoners were
-not permitted to talk to them or the negroes on politics or the war.
-
-
-
-
- THE HOOD CAMPAIGN.
-
-
-Atlanta had fallen. Sherman, before starting on his "march to the sea,"
-detached the Fourth and Twenty-fourth Corps, under command of Schofield,
-and sent them by forced march to Pulaski to watch Hood, who was at
-Florence, and to retard his advance into Tennessee until Thomas, who was
-at Nashville, could concentrate enough troops to--as Sherman pithily
-said--"take care of him." The main body of the 9th Cavalry had shortly
-before this been sent to Nashville to secure horses for mounting the
-regiment; a small number of each company only remained to guard the camp
-and stores.
-
-About the 15th of November the forces from "the front" arrived, and soon
-our peaceful camp was the scene of warlike preparation. The beautiful
-slope which we had so long occupied was cut into rifle-pits, and just
-north of regimental headquarters a breast-work was raised, commanding
-the approaches from south and east.
-
-Receiving information that indicated an advance of the enemy on Columbia
-by the way of Winchester, the works were abandoned. The infantry took up
-their line of march for Columbia, and the remnant of the 9th hastily
-loaded the camp equipments and stores and boarded the train for
-Nashville on the 23d of November, arrived on the morning of the 24th,
-and rejoined the main body who were encamped across the river in
-Edgefield. The remounting being completed, the cavalry forces at
-Nashville were rapidly organized as the seventh division of the cavalry
-corps--Gen. Knipe commanding. The first brigade, Gen. J. H. Hammond
-commanding, was composed of the 9th and 10th Indiana, the 2d and 4th
-Tennessee and 19th Pennsylvania.
-
-On the 27th the first brigade moved through the city and down the
-Franklin Pike a few miles and went into camp; on the 28th, passed
-through Franklin to Spring Hill and went into camp, awaiting orders from
-the front. On the 29th moved to the left of the Columbia Pike and were
-all day in the saddle marching and counter-marching, slowly falling
-back, almost constantly within hearing of the fighting at the front.
-
-On the night of the 29th marched across to the Triune Pike to repel an
-alleged flanking movement of the enemy, who failed to appear at that
-point. At day-light we went into camp, and after a hasty breakfast,
-snatched an hour of needed sleep. Soon the unwelcome "boots and saddles"
-sounded, and we resumed our weary waiting and watching, nearly always
-within sound of musketry, but not seeing the rebels nor hearing the
-"zip" of the unfriendly bullet. We marched and counter-marched, always
-halting nearer Nashville.
-
-To those of us who had not yet seen a rebel under arms the suspense, the
-constant expectation of battle, was more trying than actual fighting
-afterwards proved. On this day when the sound of musketry drew nearer
-and nearer, we were drawn up in line, and with drawn sabres awaited the
-appearance of the enemy and an order to "charge." Expectation sat in a
-thousand pale faces as
-
- "Each looked to sun and stream and plain
- As what they ne'er might see again."
-
-Suddenly the rattle of musketry seemed to roll away and all was still.
-Another time when the sound of battle approached our position, we
-dismounted and in line awaited the onset.
-
-In the evening the distant boom of cannon announced that a battle was on
-somewhere, and while we sat on our horses, weary but alert, the bloody
-battle of Franklin was being fought miles away. At last night fell, and
-exhausted men and horses sank gratefully to sleep.
-
-Our camp was at the base of a wooded hill, in a field adjoining the
-Nolansville Pike. Next morning, December 1st, the horses, that had not
-been unsaddled, were put in line and held while breakfast was prepared
-and eaten. Before this was completed out-post firing was heard--a
-cavalryman came galloping, saying the enemy was upon us. The command
-hastily mounted and moved out on the pike, just before reaching which
-Companies D and G were halted, and, under command of Major Lyon, went
-into line, facing the rear. The regiment moving at a rapid walk, moved
-up the pike and disappeared. In a few minutes the rebels opened an
-irregular but furious fire from the brow of the hill under which we had
-camped. At the first discharge a horse went down; directly a man was
-shot; another horse fell. Thicker and thicker came the bullets; fiercer
-and fiercer grew the rebel yell. Major Lyon rode up and down the line
-shouting, "Give 'em hell, boys." It was the "baptism of fire" for the
-boys, but no one faltered. When ordered to wheel to the right, by fours,
-to march to the rear, behind a stone wall on the other side of the pike,
-they executed the movement as deliberately as on dress parade.
-Dismounted and sheltered by the stone wall the men were comparatively
-safe, but the horses suffered severely. Before they could be led to the
-rear, out of range, fifteen had fallen.
-
-The rebels did not advance from the brow of the hill, but blazed away
-with constantly increasing vigor. A "jackass battery" opened on us. The
-boys did not flinch from this new experience, but kept steadily to their
-work with the coolness of veterans. Our Maynard carbines were weak
-weapons, useless at long range--our fire must have been ineffectual as
-to casualty, but being breech-loaders the boys were enabled to fire with
-such rapidity that the enemy over-estimated our numbers and hesitated to
-advance, but began creeping round our flanks on either side. And still
-the Major said "give 'em hell, boys," and held us to the work until our
-ammunition was exhausted. About this time Adjutant Payne, who was on the
-staff of Gen. Hammond, came back with orders to retreat. Everybody was
-willing, but it was easier said than done.
-
-Almost surrounded, no ammunition, many more men than horses, the pike in
-possession of the foe, it was not a comfortable prospect. Hurrying to
-the rear we mounted--some without horses, mounted behind a comrade;
-again another would hold to a stirrup or a horses' tail to keep up with
-the rapid trot. No one thought of dashing to safety at the expense of a
-dismounted comrade. A horse was killed throwing its rider against a tree
-breaking his collar bone. Instantly he was placed behind a comrade and
-away again. On and on through wood and field, rushing through rail
-fences, tearing down stone walls with bleeding hands and still behind,
-and from either side, the rebel yell and hissing bullet.[1]
-
-At last, most welcome sight, the guidons of a cavalry regiment drawn up
-in line to receive us and check the enemy. Feeling sure of safety for
-all, we dashed forward, leaving the dismounted men two hundred yards
-behind. To our surprise and indignation this regiment wheeled into
-column and trotted away before we reached them leaving us to follow. The
-abandoned, dismounted men took to a cornfield and many of them escaped.
-Two privates of Co. D, Lieut. Swayne and some enlisted men of Co. G,
-were taken prisoners. Later on we reached the regiment standing in line
-on the pike. From this place we moved slowly toward Nashville until
-night came on. Going into camp near the road we enjoyed what we had
-fairly earned--a night's repose without alarm.
-
-As we passed through Nashville to our old camp at Edgefield next
-morning, every hatless trooper of the previous day's fight will
-gratefully remember how the merchants in the city came out with arm
-loads of hats to supply our needs. Late in the evening the brigade was
-again in the saddle, marching to Gallatin, Tenn., where we remained some
-days patrolling the river from that place to Carthage to keep the enemy
-from crossing. While here encamped a detachment of the 9th, under
-command of Major Wall, was sent up into Kentucky "pressing in" horses
-and mules. This expedition was through a rich country, comparatively
-unravaged by the war, and was a pleasure trip to its participants. Not
-so to the hapless citizens who had horses and mules. Desolation to
-poultry yards marked the path of the party. A fine lot of animals were
-secured, among them a number of blooded horses. It is possible that all
-these did not receive Uncle Sam's trade mark. There was a legend current
-in the regiment that one of the mules obtained at this time, that by
-_accident_ was not branded, did excellent service at New Orleans in
-supplying one company with the needful.[2]
-
-On December the 8th the command returned to Nashville. The morning was
-lowery and by noon began to rain. A strong northwest wind froze the
-water as it fell and soon the road was a glare of ice. The horses unshod
-or smooth shod had but precarious footing. Fortunately no serious
-accident occurred. The men were chilled and shivering. When the column
-halted for any purpose the red cedar rails on either side were soon
-ablaze; but before the cheerful flame could infuse warmth in the chilled
-fingers the bugle sounded "forward" and the grateful heat was left to
-waste its comfort on the frosty air. We left a fiery as well as a frozen
-track that day. Before nightfall we went into camp within two miles of
-the city. Soon, amid the lurid flame of burning rails, the smoking hot
-coffee, crisp sow-belly and luscious hard-tack, we forgot the discomfort
-of our cheerless ride--the song and laugh went round until one by one
-each voice was hushed and the camp was wrapped in silence.
-
-On the morning of the 9th we moved across the river and went into camp
-on the west side of Nashville, where we remained until December 15th.
-While passing through the city Gen. Hatch and staff met the
-regiment--Col. Jackson joined him and with him held an informal review
-of the regiment as the column moved along. Our horses--fresh from their
-"old Kentucky homes"--were in such contrast to the jaded steeds from the
-front, with which Hatch's command was mounted, that, turning to Jackson,
-he said: "Colonel, you have a magnificent mount, but my boys will steal
-half of them before the battle."
-
-"No, General," replied the Colonel, "the boys got these horses for their
-own use; you can't have one of them; but we don't want to seem small and
-will undertake to trade a limited number of our Maynards for your
-Spencers."
-
-On reaching camp, an order was issued doubling the stable guard, and
-relieving from camp duty for a week any soldier who would secure a
-Spencer carbine. No horse was lost, a dozen or two Spencers were
-reported. These were organized for special service, and the zeal and
-enterprise developed in securing them had ample play during the stormy
-days which followed. It is possible that some members of this squad
-would have willingly resigned their prospects for distinction with the
-Spencer, for the more modest and less hazardous companionship of the
-Maynard.
-
-The camp was in an open field with no tree, shrub or grass, or other
-covering than the sleet which fell and formed from day to day. It was a
-sloppy, slippery time. The discomfort of the situation was somewhat
-alleviated by remembering that the Johnnies were more unhappy than we.
-They had not wherewith to cover their nakedness and depended for food on
-such limited supplies as could be secured from the country. We were well
-fed and clothed.
-
-On the morning of the 15th, the ice being melted, the regiment was in
-the saddle soon after daylight. Moving a short distance to the right we
-halted, waiting for McArthur's division to clear the way for our passage
-to the position assigned our division on the right of Smith's Corps.
-
-About 8 o'clock A. M. the booming of the cannon on the left announced
-the opening of the battle. For an hour the fight seemed to remain in one
-place, but gradually the forces became engaged along the front, reaching
-a point to the right of our position. The cannons roared and thundered,
-and the rattle of small arms could be distinctly heard, while a dense
-smoke rolled up from the field which was obscured from our view by an
-intervening ridge. To get out of the ranks and climb this ridge to see
-how a great battle looked was a common impulse--an impulse too strong
-for those whose curiosity was stronger than their sense of duty. Two
-privates of one company, thus straying away, were discovered by one of
-Hammond's aids, who promptly placed them and their company commander
-under arrest. This officer[3] later in the day approached the General
-and obtained permission to lead his company in the coming fight, which
-he did so gallantly that he never heard any more about the arrest.
-
-Two officers of another company likewise climbed the ridge and saw the
-belching of the cannon, the bursting of the shells, the great lanes torn
-through the ranks of blue, which, closing up, moved steadily toward the
-foe. It was a grand though awful sight. As one, sickening, turned away,
-he discovered that the regiment had moved away. Informing his companion,
-they descended the hill and quickly following were, fortunately for
-their credit, not discovered, and regained their place in the column.
-
-The division now reached its place on the extreme right--the first
-brigade in reserve within the bend of the river. In line facing the
-front we sat on our horses awaiting results. The remainder of the
-division advanced toward the enemy and were soon hid from our view by
-the fog and smoke of battle. Here it was that the battery on the hill
-above and beyond the rebel advance opened on us with shell--all will
-remember this--and none forget the peculiar shrinking sensation with
-which we heard the first shell that came shrieking over our heads and
-bursting in our rear. Here it was, too, that, as the smoke lifted, we
-saw our troops swarm up the distant hill, and, after a short struggle in
-the fort, raise the stars and stripes above the works from whose guns
-had so recently come to us such unwelcome greeting. This redoubt was
-carried by Coons' Cavalry (dismounted), and two brigades of Smith's
-Corps. The same troop rushed gallantly on and soon carried another fort.
-The mounted men rushed forward and swept Chalmer's Cavalry back,
-capturing his headquarters, books and papers. The Confederate left was
-completely broken and driven back by the cavalry corps. Night stopped
-the pursuit.
-
-The first brigade being in reserve, took no part in this day's fight,
-but followed closely the advance of our victorious fellow-cavalrymen,
-seeing on every side the evidences of the battle we had not helped to
-win. We reached the six-mile post on the Charlotte Pike; thence marching
-up Richland Creek three miles, bivouacked on Granny White Pike. Two
-companies, (L and another), going on picket, captured a number of
-prisoners during the night.
-
-On the morning of the 16th, the first brigade returned to the Hillsboro'
-Pike. The 9th was detailed to support the 14th Ohio Battery in an attack
-on the rebel left and rear. Dismounted--a detail for skirmishers was
-made, including the "Spencer Squad." As they disappeared in the wood we
-followed. Soon a rattling volley, followed by the articulate venom of
-single shots, warned us that we were approaching the enemy. Reaching a
-position on a ridge thinly covered with trees, the guns were unlimbered,
-placed in position, and for two hours a furious duel raged between this
-and an opposing battery on the ridge a half mile away. The wooded valley
-intervening was alive with skirmishers, and the continuous dropping
-shots showed that they were hotly disputing possession. The occasional
-bringing in of the dead and wounded from the line attested the character
-of the struggle. The boys were evidently not in fun. The regiment lay in
-front of the guns which fired over us. This of itself was sufficiently
-exhilarating to a nervous man, but when the shells of the opposing
-battery came hustling through the air, bursting in front, above and
-behind us, cutting the branches above us or throwing the dirt over us,
-every man became a stoic and waited with calmness the missile which
-should square his account.
-
-Strangely enough no casualty occurred in the line. Some annoyance was
-felt from a house on the left front occupied by sharp-shooters. A small
-squad, by permission, stole down upon them unobserved. Making a rush for
-the house the gray-backs went out of the back door as the boys went in
-at the front. The family were at breakfast. One of the boys sat down and
-had a hearty lunch, while the others searched the house from cellar to
-garret. Notifying the owner that another shot from the house would meet
-with response from the cannon, the boys returned and took their place in
-line.
-
-And still the cannonade kept up. Shells passing overhead reached the
-horses in the rear, carrying consternation to the boys who were holding
-them. One came up to the line to get permission to trade places with one
-of the boys, saying if he had to be killed he preferred to die as a
-soldier, and not as a hostler.
-
-Col. Jackson rode a white horse and, with his orderlies, remained
-mounted during this action. Wherever this horse was the shells were
-thickest. Upon being asked why he rode this horse he said that in battle
-no one hit what he shot at. So he rode this horse for safety. The
-Colonel held a fairly good place in the affections of his men, but none
-cared to cultivate any closer relations with him on this occasion. It
-was two sad-eyed orderlies who followed him up and down the line these
-two solemn hours.
-
-The rebel battery ceasing to return our fire, we returned to our horses
-and about noon moved to the Cranny White Pike. Crossing it, we
-dismounted and climbed a hill--the remainder of the brigade going into
-line on our left. As we went into position the brass band of a regiment
-on our immediate left was playing a melancholy piece--doubtless
-expressing the feelings of the musicians, but certainly not inciting an
-appetite for battle in the hearers.
-
-For some hours we lay upon this hill exchanging shots, occasionally,
-with an unseen foe, without loss. The 10th Indiana on our left lost some
-killed and wounded. About 4 P. M. Knipe ordered an advance of the whole
-division. The 9th did not wait, but, springing to their feet, dashed
-eagerly down the hill and away after the enemy, who did not stand upon
-the order of their going, but went at once.
-
-Strict orders had been given to reserve fire until we should get in
-short range, but some nervous comrade, with patriotism at his finger
-ends, discharged his gun and at once a line of fire ran down the ranks.
-An effort to stop the shooting was made without avail. Company K had a
-man killed; a number were slightly wounded. Two Confederates were
-seriously wounded in or near a house at the base of the hill, where we
-discontinued the pursuit.
-
-This could scarcely be dignified by the name of "a charge," as the enemy
-practically made no resistance. With fear to lend them speed they were
-further from us at the end of the race than upon the start. The day was
-damp and cold; many had on overcoats and poncho blankets. The haste with
-which we obeyed the order to advance did not give them time to divest
-themselves of extra clothing. The charge was along through a corn-field
-a foot deep in mud, intersected by several ditches and washouts, four to
-six feet deep, and from three to ten feet wide. Cavalry boots and other
-impediments made this a decidedly warm trip.
-
-The rebels were now evidently badly whipped, and if the cavalry corps
-had now been mounted we could certainly have cut off the retreat by the
-Franklin road and practically bagged the entire game. By the time the
-horses could be brought up night had come and we went into camp at the
-base of the hill, from which the enemy had given us a parting shot at 5
-o'clock.
-
-The rebel army at the close of the fight on the 16th were completely
-whipped; the infantry with which the cavalry corps had contended were a
-demoralized and panic-stricken mob. Forrest, with his main body of
-cavalry, had not been present during the battle. Two brigades had
-reached the field on the evening of the 16th, and, holding the passes
-through the Brentwood hills, from the Granny White Pike, enabled the
-panic-stricken horde to reach the Franklin Pike and cross Little
-Harpeth. Night and Forrest's cavalry alone saved Hood's army from total
-capture. A strong rear guard of cavalry was formed to cover the retreat
-of the broken rebel columns, and, although the battle was won our work
-was but fairly begun. About midnight a heavy rain set in which continued
-at intervals for some days following.
-
-By the early dawn the First Brigade was in the saddle en route for the
-Franklin Pike, the 19th Pennsylvania in advance, supported by the 10th
-Indiana. On reaching the pike the whole command started down toward
-Franklin at a swinging trot. Soon striking the enemy they gave way
-before the impetuosity of the advance and were rapidly driven back,
-losing many prisoners. At Hollow Tree Gap a considerable body of
-infantry were strongly posted, who repulsed the two regiments in front
-with the loss of 22 killed and wounded and 63 prisoners, principally
-from the 10th Indiana. To offset this, the 10th had captured and brought
-off the field two Colonels, two Lieutenant-Colonels, one Major and more
-than one hundred enlisted men. The 9th, being in the rear, had all the
-morning seen the evidences of the demoralization of the enemy. The guns
-and other equipments strewn along the road, the apparent abandonment of
-everything that impeded their flight, every door-yard filled with
-illy-clad shivering prisoners, had lead us to the conclusion that we had
-"a walk over." Hollow Tree Gap undeceived us.
-
-After repulsing our advance the enemy fell back. The 9th Indiana was
-ordered up and took the advance. As we moved through the Gap we saw the
-saddest sight of the campaign. A trooper lay beside the road gasping his
-life away, and near him with a ghastly wound in his breast, lay dead the
-little curly-headed, blue-eyed boy, Duane A. Lewis, Co. B., sixteen
-years old, the General's orderly, whose bright and joyous face and
-fearless innocence had endeared him to the heart of every soldier in the
-brigade. The pitiless rain fell upon his upturned childish face; his
-eyes were open, but their light had gone out forever.
-
-Gen. Knipe said to Hammond: "Take your command and go to Franklin; don't
-skirmish with the enemy three minutes, but attack him where found and
-drive him through the town."
-
-The rain was gently falling, the heavy fog of early morning was somewhat
-dissipated, yet so dense that objects could not be distinctly seen at a
-distance. With a long trot we swept down the pike against a shadowy
-foe--ourselves but shadows. The depressing weather and the sad scene
-just passed made the lightest heart grow heavier as we swept along.
-Suddenly from the woods on the left a body of Confederate horse sprang
-into the road in front of us, and in a ghostly gallop lead the way to
-their lines.
-
-Debouching into the open near Franklin, the cannon from the fort opened
-on us with shell. The head of the column turned to the right a short
-distance and wheeled into line--the centre and left coming on "front
-into line." Hammond being at the head of the column gave the command to
-charge before the line was barely formed. The right sprang forward at
-the command and was rapidly followed by the center. The left, under
-Capt. Hobson, was not yet in line and did not hear the command. Hammond
-again shouted "charge!" Hobson was looking after the alignment and did
-not hear the command. Hammond galloped to him and said: "You cowardly
-s-- of a b--ch! why don't you charge?" Hobson raised himself in the
-stirrups and said: "Boys, we will show who are cowards! Forward! March!
-Trot! Charge!!" and lead the boys right up to the fort, where he was
-shot through the heart.[4] A stone wall on the left caused them to crowd
-on the centre and against the fort. The right also was forced to press
-in on the centre, by reason of a nursery, which, for horses, was
-practically impenetrable. The centre charged right down the open grounds
-on the left of the pike.
-
-Lieut. Watts, of Company I, fell dead on the pike at the head of Company
-G. Lieut. Duvall, who lead Company H, was shot in the breast--a wound
-which hastened his death, occurring in 1880.
-
-The Confederates had torn down the telegraph wire and, driving posts at
-intervals, had encircled the fort with it. This was unseen by the
-assaulting party until their horses tumbled over it. Encumbered by the
-horses who were useless in attacking a fort, impeded by a stone wall and
-wire-fence, under an awful fire of grape and canister and musketry at
-short range, the regiment fell back in disorder, but not without
-bringing off two stands of colors and over two hundred prisoners. These
-captures were made by individual prowess, and were not the result of
-concerted action.
-
-Falling back perhaps two hundred yards from the fort and partially
-sheltered from the shells and musket balls by a slight depression in the
-plain, Acting Adjutant Comstock, under orders from the Colonel, planted
-the regimental colors, and the line was soon formed again. This was done
-quickly and well under fire. The shells were passing overhead and
-bursting threw the fragments among the men in a distressingly familiar
-way.
-
-Lieut. Burroughs, of Company C, had been disabled in the charge, and, as
-the men from the left were crossing the pike to form on the colors, he
-asked for assistance to remount his horse, which was standing near. Two
-men dismounted to assist him, but just then a fragment from a bursting
-shell tore away part of his skull. He was carried to the rear in a dying
-condition.
-
-As the same party were hastening to the right, as before mentioned, a
-shell passed through two horses, taking off the leg of one of the
-riders. Another horse had his head taken off as with a broad-axe. In the
-charge a horse was struck full in the breast with a cannon ball, passing
-through and disemboweling him. The rider went headlong in the mud, where
-he lay stunned until the fight was over. The charge was unwisely
-ordered, but bravely and brilliantly executed. To ride down in the face
-of a withering fire on a fort inaccessible to cavalry, defended by
-artillery and infantry, greatly outnumbering the attacking force, was
-apparently a ride to death. That it was not so we must thank Him without
-whose notice no sparrow falls to the ground. No one faltered; none
-turned back until all that could be done was accomplished. Bravely as
-this was done, it did not show forth that true courage, born of moral
-worth and a high sense of duty, as did the prompt rallying of the broken
-companies, and the speedy reforming of the line, under fire, and the
-patient waiting for orders among the bursting shells. This was the true
-touchstone of our greatness as a regiment, and nobly did the boys stand
-the test.
-
-In his report, dated December 27th, 1864, Gen. Hammond, of this action,
-says:
-
-"The enemy, having retreated, we followed rapidly, the 9th Indiana in
-advance, to near Franklin, and drove the enemy across the river into
-town, capturing, it is reported, two stands of colors and near two
-hundred prisoners. In this charge we lost three fine officers, among
-whom was Capt. Hobson--9th Indiana Cavalry,--a man remarkable for the
-prompt discharge of his duties, and his bravery. The 9th Indiana was
-supported by the 10th Indiana and the 4th Tennessee. But the first
-regiment deserved the principal credit of the charge and success."
-
-For the regiment, whose heroism converted his blunder into a glorious
-achievement, this praise is scant enough. For the man, at whom he had
-but a few minutes before his death, hurled the most opprobrious epithet
-that can be applied to the brave man who loves his mother, or reveres
-her memory, this recognition comes too late.
-
-The 4th Tennessee took the advance and pushed over the river, through
-the town and out on the Lewisburg Pike, followed by the brigade.
-Flanking the enemy out of a position between this and the Columbia Pike,
-we moved across to this latter road, and leisurely moved down toward
-Columbia. On either side of us great columns of cavalry were moving
-through the fields in parallel lines. The entire cavalry corps was in
-sight. The whole face of the country seemed covered with the mighty
-host.
-
- "'T were worth ten years of peaceful life,
- One glance at their array."
-
-A mile to the front, a range of heavily wooded hills at right angles to
-the pike, rose abruptly from the plain. On the brow of this hill a
-battery in the road opened on us with shell. The first shell, passing
-over, bursted beyond our rear; another and another followed. The
-stragglers felt an impulse of valor unfelt before, and made vigorous
-efforts to get to the front. The pace of the command visibly
-quickened--broke into a trot, and soon were galloping, while still above
-us shrieked the shells. Alas! not all! Those in the rear could see the
-column, opening and closing at frequent intervals, as the horsemen
-passed on either side of the dead and wounded men and horses who had
-fallen.
-
-Reaching a break in the wall which fenced in the right side of the road,
-the head of the column, turning, dashed into the field on the right.
-Dismounting at the edge of the woods, which was also the base of the
-hill, we advanced upon the enemy, and drove him from his position. It
-was said that in this action the 4th Regulars, lead by Knipe in person,
-went into line, without dismounting, charged the enemy, and, after a
-sharp hand to hand fight, drove him in confusion from the field.
-
-The whole corps was engaged in this action, and, in thirty minutes from
-the discharge of the first gun, the entire rebel force, who were not
-killed or prisoners, were in full retreat. It was now nearly dark.
-Remounting, we moved to the right, the 10th Indiana in advance. Passing
-the enemy's flank, and reaching the pike in his rear, we moved forward
-to the attack. The 10th Indiana passed the enemy, who were ambushed
-behind a stone fence on the left, and who permitted us to likewise get
-well in the trot before springing it.
-
-Suddenly, from out the darkness, "Halt! Who comes there?" sharply
-questioned a voice. "Federal cavalry," replied Jackson. "_Fire!_" rang
-out the command, and immediately from a thousand muskets in our very
-faces, gushed a sheet of flame. Down went man and horse. Another volley,
-and the frightened horses reared and plunged, many falling in a ditch
-alongside the road, crippling the riders.
-
-Company L was in the advance. Moorehouse went down with a ghastly wound;
-Bristow fell dead; Jackson's horse went into the ditch, falling upon
-him, and inflicting permanent injuries to his breast. Acting Adjutant
-Comstock and another, whose name I cannot give, saved the Colonel from
-capture, by mounting him upon another horse and holding him in the
-saddle until a place of safety could be reached.
-
-Color-Sergeant Ricks, of Company E, a noble boy, was killed, and, in the
-darkness, the colors were lost. The rebels, protected by the wall, were
-safe from sabre or bullet. The plunging of the horses, the cries of the
-wounded, the shouting of the officers, the lurid flashing of guns,
-fitfully lighting the scene, made a situation inadequately described by
-the modified term of the "new version."
-
-The surprise, the darkness and disorder, the impossibility of returning
-the fire, left but one thing to do. A united rush was made to the right.
-The rail fence, bounding the road, went down with a crash--officer and
-man, with equal zeal, seeking safety in flight. The enemy pursued with
-shout and yell and hissing bullet. It was not a panic. It was good, hard
-sense. To get out of that hopeless hell was strictly business.
-
-The enemy did not pursue very far. Halting in the woods, Hammond made an
-effort to get the brigade in line. He was so hoarse he could not speak
-above a whisper. It was found that all the officers were likewise too
-hoarse to make themselves heard, and the attempt was abandoned. Each
-officer and man sought sleep and rest where best it suited him. Sleep
-did not at once fall upon the camp. Silence there was, but not sleep.
-The chagrin of failure, the separation from comrades who might be dead
-or wounded, and in the hands of the enemy, added tenfold to the horror
-of the night, itself wet, cold, comfortless. At last tired nature
-succumbed to the drowsy god, and all too soon the morning bugle awoke us
-from slumber to the duties and dangers of another day.
-
-On the 18th the command, encountering no enemy, marched to near Spring
-Hill, and went into camp. Resuming the march on the 19th, reached
-Rutherford's Creek. This stream was out of its banks, its current a
-torrent, making a more effective rear guard for the defeated army than
-even Forrest's brave and determined troops. The almost impassable
-condition of the roads delayed the arrival of the pontoons until the
-20th. Meantime the infantry had overtaken us, and gone into camp near
-us.
-
-When the infantry came from the front and began work on the defenses at
-Pulaski, they did not have a very high opinion of the cavalry arm of the
-service. This feeling was fairly illustrated in the remark of a bronzed
-veteran visiting our camp. He said: "The artillery makes the noise, the
-cavalry makes the show, and _we do the work_!" A General was heard to
-express his contempt for this arm of the service by offering to pay $10
-per head for each cavalryman killed in battle. These boys had now
-followed our line of march and constant battle for some days. They had
-seen the character of the work done, and from them now was heard only
-words of warmest commendation. These were the heroes of Atlanta, and to
-have thus earned their enthusiastic approval, conquering their prejudice
-and compelling respect, was doubling our laurels and glory enough. Their
-unstinted praise was not more grateful to our hearts than was the
-generous sharing of their scant store of hard-tack to our now, for a day
-or two, "strictly corn-fed" stomachs.
-
-The bridge across Rutherford's Creek being completed, on the 21st we
-crossed and moved down to Columbia. Duck River, swollen by the rains,
-that for a week had almost constantly fallen, was now a wide, deep and
-turbulant stream. The rain had ceased to fall, and it was snowing
-instead. The wind was blowing a gale from the northwest. This greatly
-increased the difficulty of bridging the stream, and it was December 23d
-before we were enabled to cross the river and resume the pursuit. We had
-been called up the midnight preceding, struck our tents, and, mounting,
-moved down near the river, where we sat upon our horses in the wind and
-flying snow--a dismal, dark, dreadful two hours--and then back to camp
-again.
-
-About 10 o'clock A. M. on the 23d, we crossed the bridge and moved some
-miles down the Pulaski Pike, not encountering the enemy.
-
-On the 24th, we moved through the fields on the right of Gen. Croxton's
-brigade. We were not in advance this day, and, while always in hearing
-of the guns, were not directly engaged. All this day, as we followed in
-the wake of the fight, our eyes were constantly greeted with
-unmistakable evidences of the struggle in front. No one will forget the
-little knot of dead and dying artillerymen and horses by the road-side,
-maimed and mangled by a bursting shell, a gory, ghastly sight.
-
-Forrest, with the main body of his cavalry, had reached the line of
-Hood's retreat at Columbia, and from that point interposed a force not
-inferior in numbers, or discipline, to the cavalry corps pursuing. In
-addition to this force, we were hourly confronted by five brigades of
-infantry, under Gen. Walthall. So great a force, aided by bad roads and
-swollen streams, made it impossible for us to break through their
-defence. It is true that at every stand made by the enemy, we drove him
-from his position, but when he fell back it was usually in good order,
-and more as one who had accomplished a purpose than as a beaten and
-demoralized foe.
-
-On the 25th, we pushed on, following the advance, which drove the enemy
-through Pulaski so closely, that he did not have time to destroy the
-bridge over Richland Creek. The men detailed to fire the bridge were
-killed or captured and the fire extinguished. Another stand was made at
-Reynolds' or Anthony's Hill, south of Pulaski. Our brigade was ordered
-to support the first brigade, sixth division, in an attack on this
-position. The enemy made strong resistance, and for some time the battle
-raged without advantage on either side. Hammond's brigade was ordered
-up. The 9th Indiana, with Companies I and D as skirmishers, advanced on
-the enemy's left. His skirmishers were soon met and driven back on the
-main line, lying along the top of the hill. A heavy fire was opened on
-these two companies, and they were compelled to fall back on the
-supporting column--which, going into line, advanced upon the enemy.
-Meantime the brigade in advance had been repulsed, and fell back in
-confusion,--the 7th Ohio cavalry breaking through the advancing column
-between the 4th Tennessee and the remainder of the brigade. The 4th
-charged gallantly and drove the pursuing enemy back into his works, but
-the support being delayed by the demoralized 7th Ohio, failed to come
-up, and the 4th was compelled to withdraw. Now it was that our regiment
-advanced with the 2d Tennessee on our left. Coming within sight of the
-defences, the whole line, with a yell and mighty rush, swept up the hill
-over the works and across the opening after the flying foe, who
-disappeared in the woods beyond. Company I had a place in this charge.
-Company D, being on the right of the skirmish line, had, in falling
-back, after helping develop the enemy's position, missed the supporting
-column--having to go around a precipitous hill to rejoin the regiment,
-only reached the scene in time to observe, but take no part in, the
-charge, which closed the day's work.
-
-Going into camp the weary soldier found time to remember that this was
-Christmas day, and fill himself with the recollection of the Christmas
-feasts of former years--precious "little else" he had to fill himself
-with. Mud and snow below, clouds and rain above, all night long, was not
-conducive to rest, but caused the boys the more readily to resume the
-march next morning--the saddle being more comfortable than the camp.
-
-The 26th opened with a heavy fog and gently falling rain. The 2d
-Tennessee in advance, supported by the 9th Indiana, struck the enemy
-about five miles from camp and drove him swiftly back on the main body,
-which was strongly posted on the south bank of Sugar Creek, a deep and
-rapid stream, with high and steep banks. The 2d Tennessee going into
-line, was soon hotly engaged. The 9th debouched from the road and went
-into line in reserve, but so near the first line that we were as fully
-under fire as those in front.
-
-To remain under fire from an unseen enemy, without the stimulus of
-action, is a serious tax upon the courage of the average soldier. The 2d
-Tennessee, after a few minutes' exchange of courtesies with the enemy,
-were moved by the right flank to make room for us. Glad to move, the
-regiment took its place in the position lately occupied by the 2d
-Tennessee, while the 14th Ohio battery went into position near the line
-just abandoned by us. All this time the enemy's fire was unceasing. On
-reaching our new position we could see under the lifting fog, the creek
-with its steep banks, and beyond it the log barricades, from behind
-which constantly leaped forth the flame and smoke, accentuating the
-"zip" of the spiteful bullets, which constantly cut the air around us.
-
-From here we could also see the slender thread of road leading to the
-ford, across which but two horses might pass abreast. As against mounted
-men the position was impregnable. The situation was not encouraging,
-contemplating which, an officer of the line got somewhat excited, and,
-riding to and fro in front of the regiment, constantly shouting: "Don't
-run, boys; for God's sake, don't run!"
-
-This was an unnecessary appeal. Aside from the disorder arising from
-falling horses, the line stood unwavering. A sharp reprimand from
-Hammond, and this officer subsided. The fire of the enemy continued with
-increasing vigor. It was returned by "the boys" with interest. Protected
-by log works the enemy probably suffered no loss.
-
-Two companies, under command of Capt. Cofer, were now sent to the left
-to a hill commanding the rebel right and protecting our left flank. The
-regiment, at the same time, moved to the right, making place for the
-balance of the brigade in line. The two companies moving to the left
-reached an angle in the hill--one arm running back parallel to our line
-of advance, the other, and shorter arm, projecting toward the field of
-battle. Dismounting behind the shorter arm, which thoroughly protected
-the horses, the two companies scaled the hill and formed in line on its
-top, overlooking the rebel works in the plain below. Company D took the
-position nearest the field, the other company (Company I, probably),
-going to the left, were in the act of deploying to guard against
-surprise from the extreme left, when the enemy left his works, crossed
-the creek, and wildly yelling, charged the centre of the main line,
-driving them back probably three hundred yards, leaving the led horses
-in a triangle, the base and perpendicular of which was too
-"perpendicular" to climb, and the high position in the hands of the
-enemy. Company D hurriedly scrambled down the hill, and, remounting,
-dashed out through the astonished Confederates to a place of safety,
-where, reforming, they rejoined the regiment. In their ride to the rear
-Company D lost four enlisted men by capture. The horses of the other
-company were also successfully brought off.
-
-Cofer, with his company, hearing the battle surging back in the centre,
-also tried to get back, but by the time the deployed line could be
-rallied to return, they were met by a body of the enemy, who, seeing so
-many led horses going to the rear, suspected the truth, and went up the
-hill to see about it. Resistance was hopeless, flight seemed impossible,
-but, with a rebel prison on the one hand, and a chance for safety in a
-race with death on the other, was but a moment's hesitation. Running
-back up the hill and making a wide detour, Indiana put in her "best
-licks," and, although the rebels had the inner and by far the shorter
-line, they escaped, amidst a storm of bullets, without a scratch, and
-rejoined the regiment, much to their own satisfaction and greatly to the
-relief of the remainder of the regiment, who had given them up for lost.
-
-The brigade again advanced and drove the enemy back into his works. The
-14th Ohio battery was now placed in position, and soon shelled them out,
-and pursuit was continued some distance by a portion of the command, the
-remainder soon going into camp.
-
-These were the last rebels in arms seen by us in this campaign.
-Subsistence for men and horses was becoming a serious question. We had
-received no rations since leaving Nashville, twelve days before. There
-had been little time for foraging. The resources of the country were
-nearly exhausted by the rebel army--men and horses were worn out and
-hungry. A few days were consumed in recruiting the horses and securing
-supplies. The march was resumed and continued without incident of
-special interest, except a very pleasant encampment at Taylor Springs
-and a very unpleasant, not to say dangerous, crossing of Elk River,
-ending at Gravelly Springs, where we went into winter quarters.
-
-It was but a remnant of the 9th Cavalry that went into camp at the close
-of this long march. By death, wounds, disease and capture we had lost
-heavily. Those stopping by the way, from death or exhausting of horses,
-added to the other losses--not more than two hundred effectives reached
-this, our final, camp in Alabama. In considering the service of the 9th
-Cavalry in this campaign, we will concede that other commands may have
-done more fighting, but in promptly and effectually performing the
-duties assigned, no regiment could have excelled the 9th Indiana.
-
-Hammond, in his report, says: "During this campaign I have had continual
-occasion to admire the bravery of both officers and men, and to lament
-want of discipline." The discipline of our regiment was fairly good; the
-officers, as a rule, had the respect and confidence of their men, who
-yielded prompt obedience to all orders. Gen. Hammond never issued an
-order, either in battle, on the march or in camp, that we did not try to
-obey, whatever we may have thought of the wisdom of it.
-
-It is the deliberate opinion of the writer, after twenty years'
-experience with all sorts of people, that no finer body of men ever
-lived than served together in the 9th Indiana Cavalry, and certain it is
-no braver soldiers ever marched to battle.
-
-[Illustration: Map of battle, December 1, 1861.]
-
-Footnote 1:
-
- NOTE A.--Of the affair at Wilson's Pike, December 1, 1864, Sergt.
- Holt, of Co. E, writes as follows:
-
- D. W. C.
-
- "At the fight on Wilson's Pike, December 1, 1861, Company E was
- detailed to check the advancing columns on that road. The company was
- stationed in a small yard behind a house. A line of skirmishers was
- thrown out consisting of the dismounted fourth man, placed in charge
- of a sergeant, with orders to fire once or twice and fall back to
- their horses. The advance was very rapid, the firing hot in the region
- of the company, and the men who had charge of the horses of the
- dismounted men were ordered to the rear. When our men came back from
- the skirmish line they were disappointed in not finding their horses,
- and were all captured, consisting of nearly twenty-six men of Company
- E, who were taken to Cahaba, Alabama, prison. Only about half of them
- lived through the five months they were kept there. Capt. Hobson was
- left in charge of the rear. He was ordered off the field twice by
- orderlies from Gen. Hammond, but failing to obey the order Gen.
- Hammond came himself and took the command off. The rebels were so
- close to us that I think I would almost know the color-bearer if I
- were to see him to-day. Before we left the yard, or just as we were
- leaving, Sergt. Helvie, who was sitting at the roots of a sugar tree,
- called to me to take his gun, a Henry rifle. I did so, and was so much
- excited that I only got two loads off out of the fifteen it contained.
- I believe Sergt. Helvie was the only man wounded in the engagement,
- although we stayed upon the field until the right and left wings of
- the rebel advance were considerably ahead of us, and I pointed the
- fact out to Capt. Hobson, but it didn't seem to affect him."
-
-Footnote 2:
-
- It was said that Company F sold this mule in New Orleans several
- times. The plan was--as the story was told--to have one of the boys,
- in citizen's clothes, sell the animal, and before it could be got away
- a squad would come up and arrest the party for having United States
- property in possession, compromising for a greater or less amount,
- take the mule and release the purchaser. This was said to have been
- repeated a number of times. At last the mule was hid and could not be
- found, but not before a sum had been raised sufficient to put Company
- F in funds.
-
-Footnote 3:
-
- Lieut. Thomas J. Cofer, Co. I.
-
-Footnote 4:
-
- Accounts of the deaths of Capt. Hobson and Lieut. Watts are
- conflicting. Capt. Hayden states that Capt. Hobson was killed right at
- the fort. The account of Sergt. Holt, Co. E, of the same incident, is
- subjoined. Sergt. Holt's candor in relating his experiences is
- refreshing and worthy of all praise. Most of us, in relating army
- experiences, are apt to forget or omit our fears and remember only
- what was heroic. There was in the regiment but one opinion concerning
- Capt. Hobson, and that was that he was a brave and capable officer.
- Martin Gregg, Co. I, states that he was with Lieut. Watts when shot;
- that he was killed by the captain of the battery, who also fired at
- him.
-
- D. W. C.
-
- "Company E was the left wing, Capt. Hobson commanding the main column.
- Advancing on the pike, our company went to the left or rear of a small
- works on the pike. After we had climbed a little hill, our company had
- scattered considerably, the firing being close above us with grape. We
- formed under cover of the ravine, and then advanced down the railroad.
- Capt. Hobson was leading the company; and Sergeant Grose and myself
- were (I probably ought not to say so) in the rear. I thought I took in
- the situation and asked him how he liked the place we were going into.
- He said he didn't like it much, but he guessed we would have to go. We
- charged down the railroad until we got to the wagon road, then went
- under the railroad, the grade being so high as to permit us to go
- under. Capt. Hobson didn't seem to realize the situation until he was
- confronted on the other side by the retreating rebel column. He halted
- and turned round immediately on the retreat, and was shot just as he
- came under the railroad, falling almost against the stone abutment.
- His riderless horse came galloping past me as I turned to retreat....
-
- "An incident in connection with Capt. Hobson's death has always
- impressed me. During the morning Capt. Hobson and Lieut. Burroughs
- were riding together, and in their conversation Lieut. Burroughs said:
- 'I would rather lose my right arm than go into a fight.' Capt. Hobson
- replied, 'The rebel bullet is not molded that will kill me.' With
- these remarks hardly cold from their lips they went into the fight and
- were both killed within at least a few minutes of each other.
-
- "While Capt. Hobson many times seemed rough in his remarks, his
- actions would show that he was tender in feelings. With a confidence
- that no harm can come to him, a man can go forth and fight with
- dashing courage, although danger surrounds him; but with the thought
- that as certain as he goes into battle, he will be the first to fall,
- requires a stout heart, and is offering his life upon the altar of his
- country. I never felt that I would be injured in battle, but I have
- several times wished that some one else would run, so that I might
- have some excuse to run myself. It took a braver man to make the break
- and run when every one was standing in line of battle than it did to
- stand and fight."
-
-
-
-
- THE NINTH AT FRANKLIN.
-
-
- Those who were present will admit that Capt. Hayden's account of the
- 9th at Franklin is but a conservative statement of the facts. On the
- day after the fight, while we were all feeling very well satisfied
- with ourselves and the part the regiment had taken in the affair, I
- wrote a letter to the Cincinnati Commercial, which was published in
- its issue of December 29, 1864. I think it sufficiently pertinent to
- justify the insertion of the greater part of it.
-
- D. W. C.
-
- CAMP OF THE 9TH INDIANA CAVALRY,
-NEAR FRANKLIN, TENNESSEE, DECEMBER 18, 1864.
-
-It is a lamentable fact, that, for some reason as yet ungiven, the
-cavalry arm of our service has not, until quite recently, been
-distinguished for any special efficiency. Its connection, however, with
-the late brilliant victories in the Shenandoah Valley, have won for it
-at least the respect of the country, and caused the withdrawal of Major
-General Hooker's standing offer of twenty dollars for a dead cavalryman
-of the Potomac Army. In the West this branch of the army, as your
-readers are aware, has been organized into the corps of the Military
-Division of the Mississippi, under command of Brevet Major General
-Wilson, whose dash and splendid abilities, while eminently fitting him
-for the responsible position he holds, have fully warranted his
-promotion from Lieutenant Colonel to his present rank. The late complete
-successes of his command are evinced in those sure and substantial
-evidences of victory--prisoners, battle-flags and guns; and in this
-department no corps can show more of them than the cavalry.
-
-While all the troops in this command have behaved with credit to
-themselves and honor to the cause in which they fight, for pluck,
-coolness and promptness in the hour that tests men's courage, among all
-the regiments taking part in the late move in front of Nashville, the
-9th Indiana Cavalry of brigadier General Hammond's brigade, is worthy of
-special and honorable mention, and, particularly, its splendid charge
-upon the works and forces of the enemy at Franklin yesterday--an exploit
-unsurpassed by anything written of the war, and compared to which in
-point of success, Major Zagonyi's celebrated charge at Springfield,
-which created such a sensation at the beginning of the war, and
-interested the principal artists of the country in the face of a homely
-but ordinary man, becomes tame and unimportant. Some five hundred yards,
-over undulating grounds, made miry by recent rains, from the advance,
-(9th Indiana Cavalry, Colonel George W. Jackson commanding), of
-Hammond's brigade, and upon the north side of Big Harpeth river was a
-section of a battery, supported by two regiments of infantry, strongly
-entrenched behind abatis and rifle-pits; in front of them a regiment of
-cavalry drawn up to receive a charge. On the south side of the river
-four guns were so planted as to enfilade the road. Filing and forming to
-the right and left of the road, with a coolness, which seemed utterly
-regardless of the terrible accuracy with which the rebel guns were
-aimed, while their shells were mangling horses and their riders, the men
-seated themselves more firmly in their saddles, tightened the reins, and
-"looked on sky and tree and plain" as sights they might never see again.
-Led in person by Colonel Jackson, in a line which would have awakened
-the admiration of Old Hardee himself, the 9th, at a walk, advanced to
-victory--many of them, alas, to death. From a walk to a trot, from a
-trot to a gallop, the short distance of five hundred yards was soon
-traversed, and the Hoosier boys measured arms with the chivalry from
-Georgia, Alabama and Texas. Overwhelmed by the celerity and boldness of
-the movement, many of the enemy were sabered and captured before they
-had fairly entered into the spirit of the fight. Before the impetuous
-Jackson three men in gray fell in less time than it takes now to tell
-it. A little Sergeant from Company K, George Leslie, with no weapon but
-his sabre, took from their gun a Lieutenant and artilleryman.
-
-To describe a real cavalry charge, however, where sabres are crossed and
-skulls are cleaved, as was the case at Franklin on the 17th inst., and
-do it justice, is impossible. One may tell how hundreds of well-drilled,
-well-mounted men, with clean blades, seen through the clear morning air,
-moving like machinery, is a sight not often seen, and a splendid
-embodiment or representation of power, and in the rush of a charge may
-liken it to the tornado, that must sweep the earth unless averted. This
-may be said, but a hundred instances of individual prowess must
-necessarily be overlooked. In fifteen minutes the field was won. Two
-stands of colors, two guns and 250 prisoners were the spoils of victory.
-The remainder of the enemy, in confusion, fled through Franklin, leaving
-it to be taken with near 2,000 of their wounded, without further
-fighting. This, with 400 men, for the other regiments, comprising the
-brigade, were not formed until the enemy had been driven across the
-river. Prisoners said the cavalry had never acted so before--that they
-were not even given time to fight, before they were whipped, and, even
-after surrendering, had difficulty in escaping the hoofs of the horses.
-
-Rebel officers accounted for the desperate and determined fighting of
-our men, by saying they had been given whisky and gun-powder. The latter
-part of the statement was strictly true. A successful cavalry
-charge--the capture of stands of colors, guns and prisoners, is a new
-episode in the great rebellion. But the faithful historian in the annals
-of the heroes and heroic deeds of the war, and glowing tributes to the
-devotion of patriot soldiers, will find no theme more worthy the
-beauties of our Saxon tongue, than the charge of the 9th Indiana Cavalry
-at Franklin.
-
-
-
-
- COL. JACKSON.
-
-
-It has not been our purpose in these papers to make special mention of
-any officer. As an exception to the general plan, I have thought that a
-brief mention of Col. Jackson's name would give no offense and could not
-be regarded as an unfair discrimination. Holding, by virtue of his rank,
-the most conspicuous place, he is in the eyes of his old comrades the
-foremost mark for blame or praise. He went west soon after the
-conclusion of the war--since then but little has been known of him by
-members of the regiment. The latest information concerning him, in
-possession of the writer, dates back some years, at which time he was
-reported as living with his family upon a farm near New Salem, Kansas,
-in feeble health. If living now he would be accounted an elderly man.
-His military history, briefly stated in the army records, is as follows:
-
-Mustered as Second Lieutenant, Company C, 34th Regiment, Indiana
-Volunteer Infantry, September 21, 1861.
-
-Mustered as First Lieutenant, same Company, April 14, 1862.
-
-Mustered Captain May 12, 1862.
-
-Resigned October 7, 1863; promoted Colonel 118th Regiment.
-
-Mustered Colonel 121st Regiment (9th Cavalry), 1864.
-
-Honorably discharged June 3, 1865.
-
-The career disclosed by this brief recital, although but the skeleton of
-his gallant service in behalf of his country, is one of which his
-friends may well be proud, but to stop with it would not satisfy those
-who followed his leadership with confidence and recall his memory with
-affectionate regard.
-
-Having been much in personal contact with him in camp, on the march, and
-in action, the writer may take a partial view of his character--but
-to-day, after the lapse of many years, recollecting his strong and weak
-points, and he had them both, I deem it only a just tribute to the "old
-Colonel," as the boys used to call him, to say that he was a brave
-soldier, an able and skillful officer, a faithful and generous friend.
-
-He was unfortunate in a nervous organization, which sometimes affected
-his temper, compelling him to do and say things which he had occasion to
-regret and which unfitted him for camp life. In its monotony he grew
-restive and irritable, sometimes by too violent manifestations of his
-feelings, giving offense to brother officers without just cause--but
-mounted and at the head of the 9th, and fronting the enemy or leading
-the charge, he was always the alert, gallant and splendid leader.
-
-The education he was possessed of, was of a solid character and was
-derived more from contact with men than from books. He did not affect
-learning, though he was intelligent and well informed on current
-affairs. Had he begun his career in the army with higher rank than a
-Lieutenancy, or with influential friends to have secured the prompter
-recognition of his merits, or earlier obtained opportunities for the
-display of his soldierly qualities, he would have won distinction in a
-war so fruitful of able Generals. As it is, his friends must be content
-with the knowledge that in the various posts assigned him he was
-faithful, capable and brave, and that those esteemed him most who knew
-him best.
-
-
-
-
- WRECK OF THE SULTANA.
-
-
-No single event during the war so startled and shocked the North as that
-which has since been known as the "Sultana Disaster."
-
-On the 23d day of April, 1865, the steamer Sultana left Vicksburg with a
-total of passengers and crew of 2,141 persons. Of this number
-thirty-five were Federal officers and 1,996 Federal soldiers, recently
-having been released from Catawba, Enterprise and Andersonville prisons.
-The remaining 110 were made up of the crew and passengers taken on board
-at points between New Orleans and Vicksburg.
-
-The physical condition of these officers and soldiers is well known to
-those familiar with the treatment received by Federals in Southern
-prisons,--long confinement in stockades, without protection from heat or
-cold, or rain, without adequate food or clothing, deprived in sickness
-of medical aid and the commonest comforts. All were weak and many were
-absolutely helpless in the presence of danger.
-
-The estimated capacity of the boat was 376 persons, besides the crew.
-The overloading of the boat made it necessary to make any disposition of
-the men practicable. They occupied all available room. They were stowed
-away wherever space was found to place them. The trip up the river to
-the place of the tragedy was made without the occurrence of any unusual
-incident. The last stop was at Memphis, at which place the boat took on
-coal. At about 3 o'clock on the morning of the 27th of April, 1865, when
-opposite Fogleman's Landing, some eight miles above Memphis, the
-steamer's boiler exploded. The vessel took fire immediately and was soon
-burned to the water's edge.
-
-It were idle to attempt a description of the scene that followed that
-explosion. It was 3 o'clock in the morning. The water was very cold.
-Many passed from the sleep of life to the sleep of death without
-awakening. Others without warning found themselves rudely awakened by
-contact with the icy water of the Mississippi. They saw the fierce river
-lit up by the burning steamer; saw their comrades struggling with the
-waves, heard their appeals for help, without the power to respond. They
-fought bravely with the darkness and cold and flood for life, sometimes
-even to death for the possession of a log, or boat, or other float, that
-could bear but one, often cruelly, but naturally asserting Nature's
-first law, when its assertion meant death to a weaker brother. Yet such
-sad pictures were relieved by others of devotion and gallantry and
-sacrifice not surpassed in earthly trials. Some who were able to swim,
-notwithstanding the shock and chill of the waters, kept afloat for a
-time, and were successful in getting hold of floating planks and rails,
-and thus maintaining themselves until rescued. Many floated thus as far
-as Memphis before they were picked up, and though rescued from the
-water, died soon after from the scalding and burns received on the
-vessel, and from long exposure to the cold and from exhaustion. An
-instance is related of a mother, who clasping her babe in her arms,
-floated from the wreck to Memphis, where she was taken from the water.
-She lived, but the little one was dead.
-
-The light from the burning vessel was seen, and the explosion heard for
-many miles. At a later hour these evidences of disaster would have
-brought greater numbers to the rescue. The time of the accident was
-unfavorable to prompt assistance. As it was, vessels of all
-descriptions, chiefly skiffs, put out promptly and rendered much
-assistance.
-
-A soldier passenger on the boat relates that while in the water he saw a
-horse swim by him with a dozen men clinging to him; he says he saw a
-soldier attempting, with the aid of a plank, to save two little girls. A
-rope was thrown him, and in attempting to catch it, the children escaped
-from his exhausted arms. He seemed to lose all thought of the rope; he
-beat about wildly to regain his helpless charge, which were borne from
-him in darkness, but he was finally rescued nearly dead from exhaustion.
-
-Of those who were rescued, 200 died in the hospital of Memphis alone.
-Near fourteen hundred were killed by the explosion or drowned. Those
-able to be removed were sent North to Cincinnati, Ohio, but those
-belonging to the Indiana regiments were stopped at Indianapolis, where
-they received such attention as thoughtful consideration could bestow.
-
- * * * * *
-
-We give the following extracts from Memphis papers appearing within a
-day or two of the disaster:
-
-
- STATEMENT OF SERGEANT L. B. HINCKLEY.
-
-
-I belong to the 9th Indiana Cavalry. I had just gone to bed and fallen
-asleep, when all of a sudden I was awakened by some horrible noise. I
-sprang out of bed and found the cabin full of flame and the passengers
-all jumping overboard. The water for a while around was covered with
-people struggling for life. I never heard such terrible and mournful
-wailings. The glare of light showed a scene such as never before had
-been witnessed. I happened to find a log after swimming some distance.
-There was eight of us started on this log; before we reached the wood,
-however, four of them gave out and sank to rise no more. I had at first
-got hold of a shutter, but finding some one else who needed it worse
-than I did, I gave it up. I reached the wood on the log and got on to a
-tree. I was rescued from my uncomfortable position about daylight from
-the little island opposite Mr. Fogleman's house. We found one who had
-reached the wood, his name being Wm. Curtiss, of Company F, 1st Virginia
-Cavalry. He was almost in the agonies of death, and had clutched the
-limb to which he had caught, and could not be taken from his position
-until the limb was cut. Mr. Fogleman's house was opened to us, and we
-had every attention shown us that could be under the circumstances.
-
-
- WORK OF THE CREW OF THE GUN-BOAT ESSEX.
-
-
-The officers and crew of the iron clad Essex deserve unstinted credit
-and praise for the part they took in picking up the passengers of the
-ill-fated steamer Sultana. Lieutenant James Perry, Ensign of the Essex,
-was awakened yesterday morning about 4 o'clock, and informed that the
-steamer Sultana had blown up, and was now burning; that the passengers
-were floating down the river and crying for help. The Lieutenant jumped
-up immediately, and was startled and horrified by the agonizing cries of
-the people in the river. He said, that never in all his life, did he
-hear anything so dreadful, and hopes it may never be his lot to hear
-such screams again. He immediately ordered the boats to be manned, which
-was done in very quick time. The morning was very dark. It was
-impossible to see twenty feet ahead, and they had nothing to guide them
-whatever but the shrieks and groans of the wounded and scalded men. The
-first man picked up was chilled through and through, being perfectly
-benumbed and unable to help himself. Lieutenant Berry, seeing the
-condition the man was in, very generously divested himself of his own
-coat and put it on him. The second man they took up died in a few
-moments after being taken aboard. The men who had Captain Parker's gig
-picked a woman up out of some drift. She was at that time just making
-her last struggle for life. About the time this woman was picked up a
-steamboat yawl came there and helped pick up some more who were clinging
-to the drift. Lieutenant Berry said it was impossible for him to give
-any description of the scene; he said it beggared all description; that
-there were no words adequate to convey to the mind the horror of that
-night. He continually heard the persons in the water cry out, "Oh, for
-God's sake save us, we cannot hold out any longer." The boats of the
-United States steamers Groesbeck and Tyler were on hand, and displayed
-great vigilance and zeal in picking up the drowning men. Lieutenant
-Berry, with the help of the crew, picked up over sixty men. Among those
-of the crew who deserve special notice, are John Tompson, the Captain's
-coxswain, who with gig, picked up twenty-six men; also John Hill and
-William Quinn displayed a heroism which deserves to be rewarded by
-promotion. In fact the whole crew acted in such a noble manner that too
-much cannot be credited to them for their noble endeavors to save the
-perishing multitude that was floating down the river, and while we
-compliment the men we would not be unmindful of the part Lieutenant
-Berry performed. He seemed to forget his rank, he
-
- "Doffed his sparkling cloak,
- And went to work with might and main,"
-
-mingling as one of the crew in the magnanimous work of saving human
-life. With commendable forethought, Captain Parker sent ten boats out to
-explore the shore from Memphis to the place of the disaster. Up to half
-past three o'clock yesterday only five boats have returned. They had
-found a few dead bodies, but could not find any survivors along the
-shore. We think by this time that all except those who sank to rise no
-more, have been picked up; for all classes, both high and low, searched
-hard and diligently all day yesterday in hunting up the survivors of
-this calamitous disaster. Had the disaster occurred an hour or two
-later, Captain Parker feels assured that the naval force here could have
-saved several hundred lives instead of the sixty alluded to.
-Unfortunately the night was dark, and the boats were obliged to steer in
-the direction of the cries, being unable to see more than a few of those
-struggling in the water. William Young, gunner's mate on the United
-States iron clad Essex, distinguished himself by his courageous acts.
-Mr. Young rendered invaluable aid in rescuing from watery graves many of
-the sufferers by the Sultana's explosion. He is an old sailor, having
-been for thirty years an active seaman, twenty-three years of that time
-in the navy.
-
-When the steamer Rose Hamilton was nearing the head of the little island
-opposite Mr. Fogleman's residence, she was hailed by a skiff belonging
-to some fishermen who came aboard, having discovered among the willows
-the body of a young lady, apparently about twenty years of age. She was
-of medium height, say about five feet five inches, with a fine head of
-long brown hair, blue eyes, and had a slight scar across the chin. She
-was dressed in the night attire of a respectable lady. She wore on her
-bosom a neat breast pin of plain jet set in gold. She was a very
-handsome lady, and had not been recognized at last accounts. Her body
-was taken on board the Rose Hamilton and as decently laid out as
-circumstances would permit. Unknown to those by whom she was thus cared
-for, when the sorrows and cares of life were all over, who she was, what
-home may be filled with mourning because she comes no more, are
-questions which cannot be answered, yet, whoever she may be, her friends
-could wish for no more tender care than strangers have bestowed, for
-many a manly eye grew moist as they gazed on the pale form in death.
-
-
- A VISIT TO THE WRECK.
-
-
-After the explosion of her boilers, and the rapid spread of the flames,
-the burning mass of what had been the fine steamer Sultana, floated
-slowly down with the current until within a few hundred yards of Mr.
-Fogleman's residence, when it grounded on the Arkansas shore. We visited
-the wreck about 10 o'clock. It had sunk in twenty feet of water, and the
-jackstaff was standing up before the black mass, as though mutely
-mourning over the terrible scene, a silent witness of which it had been.
-The boat was almost entirely consumed. The charred remains of several
-human bodies were found, crisped and blackened by the fiery element. The
-scene was sad to contemplate, and those who witnessed it can never
-forget it. The Rose Hamilton, Pocahontas, Jenny Lind and Bostona were
-cruising around the place ever and anon picking up the breathless body
-of some unfortunate one, who "slept the sleep of death;" or some more
-fortunate, who had escaped a watery grave, though exhausted by a fearful
-night of agony and struggle for life.
-
-
- STATEMENT OF PRIVATE FRED ALBACK, SECOND MICHIGAN CAVALRY.
-
-
-I was awakened when the explosion took place, lying on the top of the
-wheel house. As soon as I discovered that the boat had exploded, I
-caught hold of the fender and slid down to the water and let myself in,
-having nothing on me at the time. I judge I must have swam about ten
-miles. The river was alive with people crying and calling for help in
-the greatest of agony. Just as I was coming down off the boat I saw two
-ladies who had thrown themselves into the water, they having nothing to
-keep them up, and sank, when I saw them no more. When the explosion took
-place it threw the cabin into the air, and it fell back upon the shell
-of the boat in one mass of ruins, crushing many of the passengers, who
-were thus caught and were undoubtedly burned to death. Very many caught
-hold of horses by their manes and tails, but whether they escaped or not
-I cannot tell, as I never heard of them afterwards.
-
-
- STATEMENT OF PRIVATE R. H. SIMPSON, COMPANY I, NINETEENTH INDIANA.
-
-
-I went to sleep about 2 o'clock and was awakened in about half an hour
-by hot water falling on my face and hands. I was not struck by anything
-nor scalded, but remained on the boat until the flames compelled me to
-leave. I then ran up on the cabin floor, snatched off a door and then
-made my way down to the lower deck and jumped into the river. By the
-light of the burning steamer I could see hundreds of the passengers in
-the water, all crying and wailing for help. I swam for about one mile
-and a half, and when I got to the island, just opposite Mr. Fogleman's,
-there I caught hold of the bushes. I saw three men drown while I was in
-the water. One of them had gained the trees and was holding to the
-limbs; a skiff was fast coming to his help, but being utterly exhausted
-he lost his hold and sank, when the skiff was about ten steps off. The
-other two had almost gained the bushes, but sank before they could reach
-the trees.
-
- * * * * *
-
-An event so appalling as this could not occur even at a time when the
-country was accustomed to hear of the deaths of great numbers of men,
-without action upon the part of the government looking to the
-investigation of its cause. A military committee and a committee upon
-the part of Congress were appointed for that purpose. Both committees,
-no doubt, discharged with fairness and ability the duty assigned them.
-There were many theories and rumors as to the cause. Rumor charged that
-the Post Quartermaster at Vicksburg, by a contract with the owners of
-the vessel, received a commission of $2.00 for each soldier passenger
-furnished, and for that consideration he had recklessly crowded the
-vessel beyond her capacity. It was also charged that the machinery was
-out of repair, and the vessel generally unseaworthy.
-
-The investigation, however, disclosed the fact that before leaving
-Vicksburg her boilers had been repaired by competent mechanics; that the
-charge against the Quartermaster was untrue; that the disaster was not
-due to the fact that the vessel was carrying more than her estimated
-capacity. The writer has not been able to obtain the report made by
-either of the committees as to the true cause of the explosion.
-
-Among the lost were men from every company of the 9th Cavalry. The
-following list may not be complete, but is believed to be correct so far
-as it goes:
-
- Daniel Curtis, Co. A
- Patrick Day, Co. A.
- Frederick Blessinger, Corp., Co. B.
- Charles E. Church, Co. B.
- Ephraim B. Parman, Co. B.
- John Steward, Co. B.
- Warren A. Huckins, Co. C.
- John M. Englehart, Co. C.
- Edward Wood, Co. D.
- Thomas Laboyteaux, Co. E.
- John Bonner, Co. F.
- Charles W. Clevenger, Co. G.
- Jonathan R. Downing, Co. G.
- George Downing, Co. G.
- William H. Graves, Co. G.
- William C. Hoover, Co. G.
- Charles W. M. King, Co. G.
- John N. Maynard, Co. G.
- Enoch T. Nation, Co. G.
- James C. Olom, Co. G.
- Martin V. Rodepouch, Co. G.
- John R. Reasoner, Co. G.
- Nathan Thornburg, Co. G.
- Franklin Ballenger, Co. H.
- James Bell, Co. H.
- Alonzo Dunham, Co. H.
- George Delano, Co. H.
- Josiah Pratt, Co. H.
- John W. Shull, Co. H.
- Hiram Bailey, Co. K.
- John W. Emmons, Co. K.
- George S. Fisher, Co. K.
- Jacob Harold, Co. K.
- Henry Newton, Co. K.
- William F. Rea, Co. K.
- Joseph Survant, Co. K.
- George W. Shockley, Co. K.
- Darius Stevens, Co. K.
- Matthew Zix, Co. K.
- James N. Christian, Co. L.
- Robert A. Moorehouse, Co. L.
- Leander McCarty, Co. L.
- [5]Archibald Reed, Co. L.
- John M. Armstrong, Corp., Co. M.
- John D. Alexander, Co. M.
- William Brigg, Co. M.
- George W. Blake, Co. M.
- Nathan E. Gruell, Co. M.
- Enis Haloway, Co. M.
- William H. Huffman, Co. M.
- James M. Isentrager, Co. M.
- Samuel King, Co. M.
- Franklin Ridley, Co. M.
- John M. Bragg, Co. M.
-
-Footnote 5:
-
- Lost by the explosion of the steamer George Fierce, below Vicksburg.
-
-
-
-
-Transcriber's Notes:
-
-Archaic and uneducated spelling and grammar has been retained.
-
-This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects.
-Italics are delimited with the underscore character as _italic_.
-
-Footnotes have been moved to follow the chapters in which they are
-referenced.
-
-Missing or obscured punctuation was corrected.
-
-Typographical errors were silently corrected.
-
-
-
-
-
-End of Project Gutenberg's Ninth Cavalry, by Daniel Webster Comstock
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ninth Cavalry, by Daniel Webster Comstock
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll
-have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using
-this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: Ninth Cavalry
- One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment Indiana Volunteers
-
-Author: Daniel Webster Comstock
-
-Release Date: September 26, 2019 [EBook #60363]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NINTH CAVALRY ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by David King and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net. (This file was
-produced from images generously made available by The
-Internet Archive.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-<div class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/cover.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c000' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h1 class='c001'>Ninth Cavalry</h1>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-<div class='nf-center c002'>
- <div><span class='xxlarge'><b>NINTH CAVALRY</b></span></div>
- <div class='c000'><span class='xlarge'><b>One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment</b></span></div>
- <div class='c000'><span class='xlarge'><b>Indiana Volunteers.</b></span></div>
- <div class='c000'><span class='xlarge'><b>Daniel Webster Comstock</b></span></div>
- <div class='c000'>RICHMOND, IND.:</div>
- <div>PUBLISHED BY J. M. COE.</div>
- <div>1890.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>PREFACE.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>The papers here collected were read by the Regimental Historian, from time
-to time, at Annual Re-unions of the 9th Indiana Cavalry. They are printed at the
-request of the boys of the regiment, and are for their benefit.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Combined, they give, as seen from the standpoint of the individual who narrates,
-the principal events in which the regiment took part, but do not even refer to many
-skirmishes in which it participated with the forces of Wheeler, Forrest, Rhoddy,
-and other Confederate Cavalry leaders, in the Department of the Cumberland, and
-"brushes" with guerrillas in the Military Division of the Mississippi,&mdash;"affairs"
-unimportant from the insignificance of the numbers engaged, but in which the
-most soldierly qualities were often displayed.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The papers were not all prepared by the Historian: with those he did not
-write he has, with the full consent of the respective authors, made such changes as
-he thought proper.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The paper by J. A. Brown, corporal Co. L, on "Sulphur Branch Trestle,"
-appears as written by him, without a verbal change.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The other paper upon the same subject is made up of accounts furnished by
-Col. Lilly and Capt. J. B. Harrod, Co. B.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>While the writer assisted in making up the detail sent upon that unfortunate
-expedition, it was not his fortune to go with it.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The very able and graphic chapter upon the Hood Campaign is from the pen
-of Capt. O. B. Hayden, Co. D.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The account of the Lynnville fight appears substantially as given by Capt.
-Harrod.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>If in these sketches it appears that too much stress is put on minor matters,
-and things of importance but lightly stated, it should be remembered that the
-statements are made from individual observations, and the shading must be looked
-at from the observer's angle of observation.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Hereafter, if the boys desire, the story of the regiment may be further told.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>It will be noticed that but brief mention is made of the officers, especially in
-the chapter upon the Hood Campaign. There is no intentional slight in this&mdash;a
-fair share of the officers were on hand and did their duty, as is attested by the fact
-that four of them were killed in action and others wounded during that campaign&mdash;but
-the fact is that the privates fought the war and the officers got the pay and
-the glory. It was a peculiarity found in the volunteer service&mdash;found in the
-army of no other Nation&mdash;that however brave and capable the officers of the line,
-a dozen privates in each company were found equally brave and capable. The
-accident of rank should not affect the distribution of credit. It is enough to participate
-in the glory of the boys&mdash;too much to claim the lion's share.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>D. W. COMSTOCK.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>SULPHUR BRANCH TRESTLE.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>On the afternoon of the 22d of September, 1864, the 9th was ordered
-to furnish a force of mounted men to march to Elk River Bridge, on the
-Nashville &amp; Decatur Railroad.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The detail was promptly made from the mounted men of each company,
-and, under command of Major Lilly, senior major of the regiment,
-started the same night. The force leaving Pulaski, consisting of portions
-of the 9th and 10th Indiana Cavalry, being under the command of
-Colonel Pace, of the latter regiment. The command arrived at Elk River
-Bridge about noon of the next day. Intelligence having been received
-that a rebel force was threatening Sulphur Branch Trestle, some miles
-further south on the same railroad, Major Lilly was ordered to report with
-his command to the commander of that post.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Late that afternoon he arrived there and reported to Col. Lathrop,
-commanding the garrison occupying the earth-work constructed with a
-view of protecting the trestle at that point. The garrison consisted of two
-companies of colored troops. After a brief consultation between the
-officers a reconnaissance was determined upon and moved out on the
-Athens road about sunset. About two miles from Sulphur Branch the
-advance guard was fired upon by the pickets of the enemy. Light skirmishing
-ensued, and, night coming on, by the light of the enemy's campfires,
-their camp was reconnoitered, and they were discovered to be in
-heavy force. The enemy thus discovered proved to be the command of
-Gen. N. B. Forrest, estimated at twelve thousand men, with three batteries
-of artillery. On coming from Pulaski a courier line had been established,
-thus keeping open communication between Major Lilly's command
-and headquarters at the latter place. The courier line was under the
-command of Sergeant Anderson, of Company "B." By means of this
-line the situation was reported to Rousseau at Pulaski, and, in response
-thereto, came the order to "hold the fort at all hazards and to the last
-extremity." Major Lilly withdrew his command to the fort and established
-his picket lines. It was then 9 o'clock <span class='fss'>P. M.</span> This fort was a small,
-four-bastioned earth-work, mounting two twelve-pounder Napoleon guns.
-It was located upon a knoll by the railway trestle, and was commanded
-by higher points within 500 to 800 yards, while on the east side within a
-few hundred feet, rose a higher hill covered with timber. The remainder
-of the night was spent by the men in throwing up traverses and otherwise
-strengthening the fort. Firing commenced on the picket line at midnight.
-It increased as the night advanced until daylight, when it was evident the
-fort was being surrounded, and before sunrise the battle was on. The
-parapets were manned so far as they could be with so small a force. The
-members of the 9th were in position on the south and east parapets, and
-on the southeastern bastion, on their left along the east parapet, were about
-sixty men of the 3d Tennessee Cavalry, under command of Col. Minnis,
-who had been driven into the fort the evening before; the remainder of the
-work was covered by the two companies of Col. Lathrop, who also manned
-the two guns, situated on the northeast and northwest bastions. The entire
-strength of the force called upon to defend the fort may thus be fairly
-estimated at 450 men. The 9th was armed with Gallagher carbines, a very
-ineffective weapon, and on leaving Pulaski had but forty rounds of ammunition,
-and probably not more than thirty when the real fighting began.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The attack upon the fort began before sunrise, and at the first onset
-of the enemy, Col. Lathrop was killed. During the brief period in which
-they knew him, Col. Lathrop impressed himself upon the officers and men
-of the 9th as an intelligent and gallant officer; the manner of his death
-was worthy of a soldier.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>About 9 o'clock Col. Minnis, who succeeded Col. Lathrop in command,
-was wounded by a piece of shell and carried unconscious into the
-magazine. The command then devolved upon Major Lilly. He was
-with his men near the southeast bastion; they were meeting each successive
-charge of the enemy with well-delivered volleys, waiting for the command
-to fire; husbanding their failing ammunition, the enemy were permitted
-to come within close range, showing a good front, before the order
-to fire was given. Meanwhile the enemy had gained possession of the
-wooded hill to the east of the fort, and their sharp-shooters from the tree-tops
-had the range of every part of the fort, except immediately under the
-east parapet. The artillerymen suffered severely and the brave men of
-the 9th were falling along the lines. The enemy's artillery raked the
-works from every direction with great destruction. From every point except
-the north, where the ground rose gently across the creek into an open
-plain, the rebels were in heavy force and poured into and against the fort
-an incessant fire. Eleven o'clock came, and then, in the lulls of the artillery,
-the gallant defenders of the old flag were gladdened by the sounds
-that told them that reinforcements were engaging the enemy to the north
-toward Elk River bridge, but the sounds grew fainter and died in the distance
-and they knew that from that quarter no help would come. Still
-they hoped for relief and still held the fort. Suddenly across the open
-ground to the north appeared a heavy line of the enemy. Major Lilly
-sent two messengers, one after another, across the fort to warn the officer in
-command of the colored troops and to inspire his men with coolness and
-firmness to meet the impending assault. Both messengers, in making the
-perilous journey, were killed. Lieut. Jones, of Company M, then volunteered
-to go, and in making the attempt was wounded. Placing Captain
-Nation, of Company G, in command of the battalion, Major Lilly went
-himself across the bloody space in safety.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The rebel line halted out of range; within the fort the ground was
-strewn with the dead and wounded. The men of the 9th Cavalry were
-out of ammunition; for two hours they had been whitling Springfield musket
-balls to fit their carbines. The Tennesseeans were out of ammunition;
-thus two-thirds of the line was left without defense. Twelve o'clock came,
-and along the rebel line the bugle sounded "cease firing," and from the
-north across the open plain was borne a flag of truce. It is likely that
-not a member of the 9th had ever seen one before; it is more than probable
-that it was now looked upon with satisfaction. Every man had done
-his whole duty; they had fought like heroes; they had held a brave army
-under a skillful and fighting general in check for a day, thus giving Gen.
-Rosseau time to concentrate at Pulaski, and had literally at a great cost,
-"held the fort at all hazards, and to the last extremity."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Major Lilly answered the flag of truce, taking with him the Adjutant
-of the 3d Tennessee, and, meeting Major Strange, Adjutant General of
-Forrest's staff, after the formal salutations, Major Strange handed Major
-Lilly a paper, which read:</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"General Forrest demands the immediate and unconditional surrender
-of the United States forces, with all materials and munitions of war, at
-Sulphur Branch Trestle. In case this demand is not instantly complied
-with, General Forrest can not be held responsible for the conduct of his
-men."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>After reading this paper Major Lilly said to Major Strange, that Sulphur
-Branch Trestle would never surrender under a threat; that it was a
-humiliation his command would not bear and one that should never be
-asked by a soldier; that it was true his forces had suffered heavily, but
-they had undoubtedly inflicted greater damage upon the enemy; that they
-were still capable of inflicting greater damage; that notwithstanding this
-he felt that they had done their whole duty, and on honorable terms he
-would counsel a surrender. Major Lilly then rode back toward the fort,
-but had not reached it when he was halted by Major Strange, who galloped
-after him, saying that General Forrest wanted an interview. He returned
-and met Generals Forrest and Buford. He then repeated to General
-Forrest what he had said to Major Strange, and added, that he did not believe
-that General Forrest could not control his men, and if he did not
-he would be held responsible. In reply to this General Forrest handed
-him a paper, which read in substance:</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"General Forrest demands the immediate surrender of the United
-States forces and materials of war at Sulphur Branch Trestle. All United
-States officers and soldiers will be treated as prisoners of war.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"All officers and soldiers shall retain and be protected in the possession
-of personal property.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"Officers to retain their horses, if personal property, and also to retain
-their side-arms.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"All officers and soldiers to be taken to some point in the States of
-Mississippi or Alabama, and there held for exchange and parole so soon as
-communication can be had with General Washburne at Memphis."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Major Lilly then demanded one hour before giving an answer, meanwhile
-the troops on both sides to remain status quo. The hour was given,
-and he returned to the fort. Colonel Minnis had by this time recovered
-sufficiently to resume command, and a counsel of war was held. The
-counsel was a unit, with the exception of Colonel Minnis, in favor of surrender.
-While the subject was being considered it was reported that
-the enemy were moving troops, and our white flag was immediately taken
-down and firing was reopened; there was a slight reply from the enemy,
-the troops moved back, the bugles on the other side sounded "cease firing,"
-and the truce was resumed. Colonel Minnis, on being fully informed of
-the condition of things in the fort, and especially of the insufficient supply
-of ammunition, yielded to the opinion of the majority. Major Lilly then
-returned to the post of the rebel flag of truce, accepted the terms offered,
-and the surrender was made complete. The remnants of companies were
-ordered into line, then stacked arms, and, after preparing for the burial of
-the dead comrades, and the care of those who were wounded, marched
-sadly away.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>About twenty-four hours after the surrender the captured troops
-crossed the Tennessee River at Mussel Shoals, some four miles above
-Florence, Ala. The first rations issued to them were issued on the night
-of September 27th, and consisted of old corn on the cob. This was
-burnt or roasted over fire and eaten by those whose appetites were sufficiently
-keen.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the 28th of September the C. S. A. issued rations to the
-prisoners the second time&mdash;this was at Okolona, Mississippi, and
-consisted of a small quantity of flour and an abundance of good water.
-On the evening of that day Capt. Buchanan, of the 15th Tennessee
-Cavalry, C. S. A., furnished Lieut. Harrod, of Company B, with stationery
-and kindly offered to send a letter through the lines for him. Acting
-upon the generous offer, the Lieutenant wrote to his wife. Written under
-such circumstances, and while the disaster to our regiment was so fresh,
-the letter is certain to be interesting to the 9th. It reached its destination
-after some delay, is still preserved by the wife of the general as a
-precious memento of the war, and is as follows:</p>
-
-<p class='c006'><span class='sc'>Okolona</span>, Miss., Sept. 28, 1864.</p>
-
-<p class='c007'><i>Dear Wife</i>&mdash;I address you this note as a prisoner of war. One
-hundred and eighty-seven men of the 9th Indiana Cavalry and three
-hundred mostly 3d Tennessee Cavalry, were sent to Sulphur Branch
-September 24th. Gen. Forrest attacked the place the 25th with about
-12,000 men. We were about 500. The engagement lasted about four
-hours after we were surrounded. Our loss was heavy. I had with me
-twenty-seven of Company B. I am wounded in right leg. I will get
-over it in a few weeks. The killed are: Wm. Harvey and Joseph
-Hutton; mortally wounded: Corporal Kirkhoff; severe: Sergeant M. B.
-Walker and Private James Hook; slightly: J. J. Winn and G. S. Bailey.
-Prisoners and well are: Orderly J. V. Hinchman, Sergeant Wm. Foster,
-Sergeant A. E. Anderson, Corporal Blessinger, Privates C. H. Sears,
-W. V. Robinson, John Stewart, J. Craining (blacksmith), W. C. Warner,
-R. Scott, J. Holloway, W. Parman, Joseph Grey, B. F. Waller, G. B.
-Wilson, W. P. Read, M. Chauncy and J. Mooney Church; and no man
-of Company B failed to do first-class work. In our capitulation it was
-agreed that we should all be paroled soon. I have no money with me
-and have on my old uniform. It is reported in camp to-night that General
-Forrest has taken Pulaski with 2,000 or 3,000 prisoners. If true, all the
-9th has gone up. We have eighteen miles to go yet to the railroad&mdash;Cherokee
-Station. Then it is said we go to Meridian, Miss. You will
-probably not hear from me again until paroled. It may be some weeks,
-and it may be months.</p>
-
-<p class='c007'>I send this by the kindness of Capt. Buchanan, 15th Tennessee
-Confederate Cavalry.</p>
-
-<p class='c007'><span class='sc'>J. B. Harrod</span>,<br />
-Lt. Company B.</p>
-
-<p class='c008'>Although by the terms of the capitulation, the officers were allowed
-to retain their horses and side-arms, the real advantage of this arrangement
-was practically not very great. Every night some horses were missing,
-and when Cherokee Station (on the railroad) was reached, there were
-few, if any, officers who knew where their horses were.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The day after leaving Okolona it rained heavily, and the troops
-encamped for the afternoon and night in the open field. Here was issued
-a little fresh beef without salt.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The boys, from the three issues&mdash;first of corn, then of flour, then of
-beef,&mdash;by this time realized that the commissary of the C. S. A. was not
-liberally supplied, or that those who controlled it were illiberal in distribution.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>They reached Cherokee Station the next day (29th of September),
-remaining there about thirty hours. At this point all officers and soldiers
-captured at Sulphur Branch Trestle and at Athens, Alabama, on the day
-before, were placed on board two trains of box cars, to be taken to Meridian,
-Lauderdale County, Mississippi. The 9th Indiana and 3d Tennessee
-were loaded on the last train, which was some hours behind the
-first. To each train a guard of about 150 men were detailed. When not
-far from Iuka, the track being wet and the grade heavy, the locomotive
-not of sufficient power to pull the train up, a stop was made to allow
-the track to dry. The officers in charge put out guards and had fires
-made on both sides of the track. The guards were tired and soon became
-sleepy, and there was but one at each fire. Major Lilly conceived the
-idea of capturing the guard, taking possession of and running the train to
-Corinth, and then marching the guards to Memphis under a flag of truce
-as prisoners.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The officers of the 9th Indiana and 3d Tennessee entered cordially
-into the plan and were willing to take the boys' places at the guns. The
-major then going to the officers of the colored troops, awakened up their
-officers and explained his plan to them. They were afraid to engage in the
-enterprise, for lack of confidence in their colored troops. Without their
-co-operation the result seemed too doubtful to justify the attempt, and it
-was not made.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The next day raw "sow-belly" was issued to the boys on the train.
-At the stations sometimes small purchases were made of something to eat.
-Lieut. Harrod remembers buying a piece (3 × 4 inches) of wheat bread of
-a variety he had not seen before, heavy and solid, for which he paid $5
-Confederate money. Arriving at Meridian, they were placed in a small
-stockade, where they remained for a week, from which place the officers
-were moved to Enterprise, Clark County, Miss., and the enlisted men and
-non-commissioned officers to Cahaba, Dallas County, Ala.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The rations at Enterprise consisted of one pint of coarse corn meal
-to each man daily, without salt, and a small piece of "sow-belly." Each
-mess of eight was furnished a skillet and lid to bake bread in. As a rule
-each mess baked twice a day, those of the mess who were well taking
-their turn for a day as cook. It was a part of the duties of the cook to
-divide the bread, taking the last piece for himself. The preparation of
-this bread did not require any special skill nor long experience. The art
-was soon acquired. It was only necessary to mix the water and corn
-meal thoroughly and to grease the skillet with small bits of meat, that the
-bread might be got out without being broken too much.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>In October permission was given to buy such eatables as were
-wanted, but not many of the officers could avail themselves of the liberty
-for want of money. Salt was bought for $3 a pound; coffee, $24 a
-pound; molasses, $10 a quart&mdash;Confederate money. In the stores, calico
-sold for $12 and $15 a yard; muslin, $15; good boots, $500 a pair;
-paper of pins, $6. These goods had been brought into Mobile through
-the blockade.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>During the latter part of their imprisonment, after the guards had
-been taken off, an invalid Confederate soldier came into the camp with a
-jug of what he called "pine top whisky," and a tin cup. He offered the
-whisky at 50 cents a pint. There was only one colonel in the camp.
-He was an Ohio man. He bought a pint and drank it. He soon passed
-into an unconscious state, in which he remained for forty hours. The
-"pine top" could be depended upon. Some of the boys bought a
-sample pint, but finding it to be so much inferior to the apple jack of
-Tennessee, promptly discarded it.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The prisoners received some courtesies from Major Ward, Commander
-of the Post, and his Adjutant. Upon one occasion, in the absence
-of the Major, his Adjutant felt called upon to show some of the officers of
-the regiment special attention. He invited them to headquarters, extended
-to them the freedom of the establishment, which they accepted with such
-good will that the fun soon become fast and furious. The Adjutant set
-the pace, after a number of healths had been pledged on the absent Major's
-whisky, by breaking a camp stool. This example was followed by the
-invited guests, who joined in demolishing every article of furniture in
-sight. The Adjutant was not in a condition to escort his guests back to
-their camp, but they found their way without difficulty and knew the
-reason for the issuing of an order, which was read to them next morning,
-to the effect that no prisoner should visit headquarters without permission
-of the Major in command.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The monotony and weariness of confinement was sometimes relieved
-by the drollery of those whose love of fun could not easily be suppressed.
-The prisoners were often indebted for a good laugh to Captain Nation, of
-Company G, and Lieut. J. M. Jones, of Company M. A small boy rode
-into the camp the smallest mule our men had ever seen under saddle.
-Captain N.. who was about six feet tall, expressed a desire to ride the
-"critter." The boy dismounted, and the captain, letting out the stirrups
-to their full length, got into the saddle, his feet almost touching the ground.
-After putting the mule through the various paces he announced his intention
-of recruiting a "critter gang" for the Confederacy. Those who
-heard the captain's speech on the occasion will not soon forget its general
-tenor and the impression it made upon them. The speech was made from
-the back of the mule to the Union prisoners, Confederate guards and soldiers,
-citizens and negroes, who were attracted to the place by the captain's
-voice. It is greatly to be regretted that no phonographer was present to
-have taken it down literally as it came from the lips of the Hoosier orator,
-that it might be incorporated in this true history. He called for volunteers
-to uphold the flag of the Confederacy. He said he was going to raise a
-"critter gang company." No one would be required to walk and only to
-ride when it suited him; that the pay would not be any object; that each
-private would be furnished with a "critter" in size and color like the one
-he then rode, and should have a nigger to feed and care for him; that
-this variety was superior to all others and had been bred especially for the
-Confederate service, easy to mount and not dangerous to fall from; that
-only a limited number of volunteers would be received, and that now was
-the time to subscribe. The captain held the undivided attention of his
-audience, surprising and entertaining them with his wit and humor for a
-half hour, and dismounted and retired amid great applause.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>While at Enterprise our men were almost entirely shut out from the
-world. The Mobile Register, costing 50 cents a copy, was occasionally to
-be had, and, unrelished and unsatisfactory as it was, yet was sought and
-read with great eagerness.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The privates and non-commissioned officers were marched from
-Meridian, Miss., to Cahaba, Ala. This was a violation of the spirit if not
-the letter of the terms of the surrender. On the march some ten days
-were consumed. They were placed in a pen or stockade and were subjected
-to the usual process of searching, and anything of any value found
-on their persons appropriated by their captors. They were not the first
-occupants of the pen. It already contained Union prisoners, literally
-half-clothed, some having only a shirt, some pantaloons without shirt, and
-some only a part of pantaloons, and all alive with grey-backs. The rations
-issued were substantially the same as those issued to the officers, consisting
-of one pint of corn meal a day and a piece of fresh pork, one inch
-square every other day, although some times the authorities forgot or
-failed to issue the rations for a day or two, very much to the disgust of the
-boys. If the prisoners had been fastidious or over-particular they might
-have complained of the custom to the prison authorities, which cut up the
-meats for distribution on the same log on which the dead soldiers were
-placed before burial. A Dutch skillet was allowed to each mess of ten
-men, as the only cooking utensil. During the time of their imprisonment
-the rains were frequent and heavy, and the cooking being done out of
-doors, our men were obliged often to partially shelter the fire with their
-bent bodies while cooking, to prevent the fires from being put out. The
-wood used for fuel was green white pine. The Alabama River overflowed
-its banks and for two weeks the pen was flooded, the water standing
-from two to four feet in depth. Cord-wood was floated in, out of which
-scaffolding was constructed by the prisoners to keep themselves out of the
-water. During this time the rations were eaten raw. It is needless to say
-that under such conditions, without shelter, exposed to the rain, but poorly
-fed, men died every day from exposure and want, and that those who survived
-were weak as children. Their imprisonment which seemed so long
-to them, at last was ended. The officers were sent North on parole December
-10, 1864, but the enlisted men not until April, 1865, at which date
-they were started North, and in their enfeebled condition, although buoyed
-up by the hope of meeting friends and seeing home, it took them five days
-to march from Jackson to Black River bridge, a distance of forty miles, and
-when they came into the camp of their old regiment these brave fellows
-looked so gaunt, famished and woe-begone that they were but counterfeits
-of their former selves.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The terms of the surrender may be said to have been fairly observed,
-except that the colored soldiers were sent to Mobile to labor at the salt-works.
-Their officers shared the fortunes of the officers of the white
-troops. Most of the prisoners of this expedition took passage soon after
-their arrival at Vicksburg on the steamer Sultana, an account of the wreck
-of which is given hereafter.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>During their imprisonment, the officers were treated fairly well. They
-were kept in prison at Meridian, Miss., about a week. The prison was a
-stockade made of poles with the ends in the ground and a scaffolding
-around the outside, near the top, on which the vigilant Johnny sentinel
-paced his beat. There was a dead line within the stockade, to which our
-boys paid marked respect. There were two log cabins in the centre of
-the stockade, entirely destitute of furniture, paved with sand and the
-steady companion of the boys&mdash;the gray-back. There were probably
-more gray-backs than grains of sand. They kept the boys employed
-when otherwise time would have lagged most slowly. The boys were not
-without money (I speak of the officers). They had dead loads of Confederate
-New Issue. They sold their horses for $600 to $1,000 a piece.
-It was a poor scrub that would not bring $600 in the market of Meridian.
-Watches brought from $500 to $1,500; knives and cork-screws from $50
-to $100, and other articles in proportion. The people had the money and
-wanted to get rid of it. They were permitted to buy what the town
-afforded&mdash;not furnished in their rations, which were liberal in bacon,
-corn meal, and salt. After a week at Meridian, they were sent to Enterprise,
-a village fifteen miles below Meridian. When unguarded, they
-were put on their parole of honor not to leave the limits of the town.
-They took possession of a big tobacco warehouse, converting it into a
-dormitory and headquarters, but took their meals at the houses of the
-citizens in town, they being glad to take the rations of the boys, with what
-else they could buy, and a consideration in New Issue, in exchange for
-table board. Early in December they marched from Enterprise to
-Memphis. There they were ordered to report at Camp Chase, Columbus,
-Ohio, where they were exchanged and reported to the regiment at
-Gravelly Springs, Ala., late in January, 1865.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The following officers of the regiment were in the action of Sulphur
-Branch Trestle:</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>Major Eli Lilly.</div>
- <div class='line'>Captain Nation.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant Harrod.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant J. W. Watts.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant Dunlevy.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant Canfield.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant Leisure.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant Riley.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant Jones.</div>
- <div class='line'>Acting Adjutant Geo. Armstrong.</div>
- <div class='line'>Assistant Surgeon E. W. Magann.</div>
- </div>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>Lieutenant Leisure, wounded, but not taken prisoner.</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c008'>Surgeon Magann was left to care for the wounded. They were not
-made prisoners, the enemy leaving them behind in their march. Lieut.
-Jones was slightly wounded by concussion of a shell, being insensible for
-a portion of the battle, but recovered before it ended.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The following is a list of those who were either killed or mortally
-wounded:</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>Chauncey Kimball, Co. A.</div>
- <div class='line'>William Harvey, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Joseph Hutton, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles A. Kirkhoff, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Andrew J. McGahey, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles Beckly, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>Cassander T. Houston, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Stephen A. Woodruff, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Henry Dorman, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Abram S. Foreman, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Curtis W. Hancock, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>George Myers, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Josiah Saucer, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>William Torney, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>William S. Peckham, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>John J. Maple, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Levi Maple, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>George H. McGee, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lewis Pickering, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Sergeant Peckham, Co. M, killed.</div>
- <div class='line'>Henry G. Hiatt, Co. G, killed.</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c008'>The following are the names of those who were made prisoners and
-died in rebel prisons:</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>Henry A. Rariden, Co. A, starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>John Robert, Co. A, starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>Clay Trahune, Co. A, exposure and starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>W. J. Foster, Co. B, exposure and starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>George O. Houston, Co. D.</div>
- <div class='line'>Kelita Mendenhall, Co. E, exposure and starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>Lewis Jones, Co. G, exposure and starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>George W. Bowers, Co. G, exposure and starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>John R. Williams, Co. H, exposure and starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>Henry Brown, Co. M, exposure and starvation.</div>
- <div class='line'>Columbus Jessup, Co. M, exposure and starvation.</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c008'>The following were made prisoners at Sulphur Branch Trestle and
-lost by the explosion and burning of the steamer Sultana, on the Mississippi
-River, a few miles above Memphis, on the morning of April 27th,
-1865:</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>Daniel Curtis, Co. A.</div>
- <div class='line'>Patrick Day, Co. A.</div>
- <div class='line'>Frederick Blessinger, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles E. Church, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Ephraim Parman, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>John Stenarl, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>John M. Englehart, Co. C.</div>
- <div class='line'>Warren A. Huckens, Co. C.</div>
- <div class='line'>Wm. H. H. Wood, Co. D.</div>
- <div class='line'>John Bonner, Co. F.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles W. Clevenger, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Jonathan R. Downing, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>George Downing, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>William H. Graves, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>William C. Hooper, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles W. M. King, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>John M. Maynard, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Enoch T. Nation, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>James C. Olon, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Martin V. Rodeporch, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>John R. Reasoner, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Nathan Thornburg, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Franklin Ballenger, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>James Bell, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>Alonzo Dunham, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>George W. Delano, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>Josiah Pratt, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>John W. Shull, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>Hiram Bailey, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>John W. Emmons, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>George S. Fisher, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Jacob Hurald, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Henry Newton, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>William F. Rea, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Joseph Survaul, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>George H. Shockley, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Darius Stevens, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Matthew Zix, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>James N. Christian, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>Robert A. Morehouse, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>Leander McCartney, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>John M. Armstrong, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Joseph D. Alexander, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>William Brigg, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>George W. Blake, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Nathan E. Gruell, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Enos Halloway, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>William H. Huffman, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>James M. Isentrager, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Samuel King, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Franklin Ridley, Co. M.</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<table class='table0' summary=''>
-<colgroup>
-<col width='95%' />
-<col width='4%' />
-</colgroup>
- <tr>
- <td class='c010'>Total killed at Sulphur Branch Trestle,</td>
- <td class='c011'>21</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c010'>Died in prison,</td>
- <td class='c011'>11</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c010'>Lost on the Sultana,</td>
- <td class='c011'>51</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c010'>&nbsp;</td>
- <td class='c011'>&mdash;</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c010'>&nbsp;</td>
- <td class='c011'>83</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class='c006'><span class='sc'>Note.</span>&mdash;The last dispatch sent out of the fort the day of the surrender was
-carried by John McCorkle, of Company B, and a member of the 3d Tennessee
-Cavalry. They left the fort about 7 o'clock <span class='fss'>A. M.</span>, and accomplished the feat by
-their coolness and "bold riding."</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>SULPHUR BRANCH TRESTLE. <br /> BY CORPORAL J. A. BROWN, CO. L.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>On Sunday, the 25th day of September, 1864, the mounted portion
-of the 9th Indiana Cavalry, about two hundred in number, were called to
-do battle at Sulphur Branch Trestle, Alabama. Firing began on the
-skirmish lines at 5 o'clock in the morning, and was kept up at a lively
-rate until about 8 o'clock, when the battle began in earnest. There were
-with us about one hundred of the Third Tennessee Cavalry, and there
-were also about three hundred colored troops that were stationed in the
-fort. We were ordered to dismount and corral our horses and climb the
-hill and enter the fort, except myself and ten men, who were ordered to
-guard the horses, until the battle became so hot that it was considered
-unsafe to remain outside of the fort. We remained with the horses until
-a cannon-ball or slug or something of the kind&mdash;anyhow, it was something
-from a rebel gun&mdash;landed in about fifteen feet of us. It tore a hole
-in the ground large enough to bury a small-sized cow, and threw dirt all
-over us. We then thought it was time to desert the horses and let them
-take care of themselves, and climb the hill and get into the fort as soon as
-we could conveniently without hurting ourselves, and up the hill we went,
-and when we arrived at the entrance to the fort we asked where the 9th
-Indiana Cavalry was stationed. We were told that they were on the opposite
-side of the fort. So we had to go through the center of the fort to
-get to where our boys were stationed. That was the most dangerous trip
-I ever experienced in my life. There were a lot of barracks in the fort
-and the rebel cannon were playing on them and knocking them all to
-pieces, and throwing the loose boards in every direction. It made the
-hair raise on our heads as we went dodging through the barracks among
-the flying boards and shell and cannon ball, but we finally got to our men
-in safety.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The colonel commanding the fort was killed in the beginning of the
-battle, and Major Lilly, of our regiment, took command, and, by the way,
-Major Lilly was a hustler. He was one of the bravest officers that ever
-went to the front. During the hottest of the battle one of our men got
-scared so badly that he wanted to surrender. So he pulled off his shirt
-and placed it upon the end of his bayonet and held it up as a flag of truce.
-That got the enemy excited and they went for us hotter than ever. They
-made charge after charge, but some of our boys pulled that old dirty shirt
-down and made the fellow put it on again. We kept the rebs at bay as
-long as we had ammunition, but at 1 o'clock we were out of ammunition,
-and there we were about 800 strong, with no ammunition and surrounded
-by ten thousand rebels. So we surrendered. We were then conducted
-out of the fort and taken to the woods and a rebel guard placed around
-us until they got ready to start to Dixie with us. While we were waiting
-there a rebel captain that some of our boys had shot in the heel in the
-fight rode around among us and cussed us for an hour. He swore that if
-he knew which one of us damned Yanks it was that shot him in the heel
-he would shoot his heart out. But we did not tell who it was, and I don't
-think he has found out to this day.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Well, along towards night the rebs got ready to start with us for Dixie.
-Then fun began; we marched nearly all night through the mud and under
-rebel guard. Sometime after midnight we were halted and allowed to lie
-down in the woods on the ground without undressing, but before daylight
-we were rousted out and on the go again. This kind of business was kept
-up for three long days, until we had marched something over one hundred
-miles, with about enough to eat to make one good square meal. With the
-Alabama red mud enough sticking to each foot to make about three brick
-we finally arrived at Tuscumbia, Ala., where the rebs were operating a
-kind of a one-horse railroad. There they piled us into a couple of freight
-trains and we were hauled around over half of the State of Mississippi and
-back again into Alabama, and were finally landed at Cahaba, Ala., at the
-end of ten days from the time we were made prisoners. We were then
-stripped and examined, and robbed of everything that we possessed that was
-of any value. We were then marched into the prison pen. The prison pen
-was a large cotton warehouse, surrounded by a stockade with an elevated
-walk around the outside of the building. On this walk the rebel guards
-were stationed about every forty feet with loaded guns ready and anxious
-to kill any poor Yankee who might see fit to set a foot across the dead line.
-There was also a walk on the inside of the building around next to the
-wall, and a rebel guard was stationed there about forty feet apart. The
-dead line was a mark they made about eight feet from the inside wall,
-all around the inside of the building, and no prisoner was allowed to step
-across that line. If he did the orders were to shoot him on the spot, and
-the order was obeyed to the letter, but we were generally careful to keep
-off of that dead line.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>I shall never forget the morning that we were first marched inside of
-that prison. The old prisoners that were there before us on seeing us
-march in all seemed glad to see us, and yelled at the top of their voices,
-"Fresh fish! fresh fish! Hands on your pocket-books," just as if we had
-not already been robbed of everything we had by the rebs. But we soon
-got used to that for we had not been there long until we yelled "fresh
-fish" to other new prisoners that kept coming in every few days. There
-were on an average about three thousand of us there during the six months
-that we were there. Sometimes there were as many as thirty-five hundred
-of us. When there was that many we could not all lie down at one time
-inside of the prison. There was a cook yard in front of the prison about
-seventy-five feet square, enclosed with a stockade. We were allowed to
-pass out into the cook yard during the day so that we could cook the
-little grub that was allowed us. Our rations consisted of one pint of corn
-meal per day and a piece of fresh pork, about one inch square, every
-other day, but that was not issued to us very regular. Sometimes they
-would forget to issue rations to us for a day or so at a time. It did not
-seem to disturb the rebels in the least to forget to issue rations to us. We
-were divided into messes consisting of ten men to the mess, and every
-ten men were allowed one old-fashioned Dutch skillet and lid. In this
-we did the entire cooking for the ten men or mess. So we were engaged
-in cooking all day, if we happened to have enough to cook to keep the
-skillet going. It rained nearly the entire time we were there. It seemed
-to us that it rained at least forty days in each month, consequently we had
-to do the most of our cooking in the rain. I have stood in a stooping
-position over the skillet for hours at a time to keep the rain from drowning
-out the fire while cooking. Our wood that we used for cooking with
-was generally green white pine, nearly as hard to burn as green buckeye.
-We were allowed to go outside of the prison to carry the wood in. They
-would let five of us out to the wood-pile at a time; we would rush out and
-chop a load of wood and then carry it in. We would form what we called
-the wood line, and go out as our turns would come. I have stood in the
-wood line many times for a half day at a time in the rain, and then perhaps
-I would not get to go out after wood. We would do this work by
-turns and when we were not busy in this way were busy fighting "gray-backs."
-That part of the business we had to attend to whether we got
-dinner or not, for if we had neglected to kill off the "gray-backs" once a
-day at least we were in danger of being eaten up alive.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>We had a regular police force of our own men. It consisted of about
-thirty men. It was their duty to keep order in the prison and to punish
-any one who did not conduct himself in a proper manner. If any two
-got into a fight the police would at once form a ring and let them fight it
-out. They would make it their business to see fair play. There were
-three or four fights in the prison every day. That was a natural consequence
-where there were so many men huddled in together that it was
-almost impossible for them all to lie down at one time, and half-starved,
-it was natural for some of them to get cross and be ready to get up and
-fight at a moment's notice; but they were so weak and in such a famished
-condition that they seldom ever hurt one another in a fight. We also had
-a few dishonest men in the prison; they would steal anything they could
-get their hands upon. The police would sometimes punish them very
-severely for their misdemeanors&mdash;such as stealing, but there was no punishment
-for a fair fist fight.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>We undertook to break out of the prison one morning about 4 o'clock,
-and captured all the rebel guards inside the prison. We took their guns
-from them and put them in the privy and placed a guard over them and
-kept them there nearly an hour, but the rebels on the outside got wind of
-it a little too soon for us, and there happened to be more rebel soldiers
-there at that time than they usually kept at that point; they rolled a big
-cannon up to the door of the prison and scared us out of the notion of
-breaking out at that time. The rebs called that a mutiny and issued an
-order that we should have nothing to eat until we delivered up the leaders
-of the mutiny. Then we thought that starvation stared us in the face sure,
-for we had no idea that there was one among our number that would give
-away the leaders; but alas! the leaders were sadly disappointed, for after
-three days of starvation, some one&mdash;I never could find out who he was&mdash;got
-so hungry that he gave the plot away and informed on about twenty of
-the leaders. The rebs took the informer out of the prison at once and
-gave him his freedom for his information. If they had not taken him out
-of the prison he would have fared badly among the prisoners for being a
-traitor.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>They took the leaders of the mutiny out and punished them in various
-ways. Some they put in dungeons, some in chains, and one fellow
-was sentenced to be put in a four-foot square box for one hundred days.
-Some of them were never heard of by us after they were taken out. We
-supposed that they were killed. We were always scheming for some place
-to get out. So the next thing we were up to was tunneling out. We had
-a tunnel dug about fifty feet, and in a few more days our tunnel would have
-let us out on the bank of the river, when the river raised and filled our
-tunnel full of water, so that was all work for nothing. I had two special
-friends as fellow prisoners&mdash;George W. Addington and William Collins.
-We three stuck together like brothers. One day the rebs took Addington
-out. Myself and Collins did not know what had become of him. We
-thought that, perhaps, they had killed him for some imaginary offence.
-Well, things went on as usual for about a week when a reb came in and
-took Collins out, and no explanation was given, so we thought that he was
-gone up also, but in another week the same reb came in and called for
-me. That scared me nearly out of my boots, for I thought my time had
-come sure, but to my surprise he took me to the hospital where I found
-my friends Addington and Collins busily engaged in washing clothes for
-the hospital. I will say now before I go further that the hospital was for
-Federal prisoners only, and they required prisoners to do all the work
-about the hospital. Addington had managed in some way to get the job
-of washing for the hospital, and as soon as he could make an excuse for
-calling in help he sent for Collins and myself. We got that washing business
-down to a regular system. We would wash sheets and pillow-slips
-on Monday, shirts and drawers on Tuesday, colored clothes
-on Wednesday, odds and ends on Thursday, and on Friday we
-would boil "gray-backs," that is, we would wash the clothes of
-prisoners that came out to the hospital sick. When a prisoner was
-brought out of the prison sick they would take him to an out house, strip
-him of his prison clothes, and take him to another room and put hospital
-clothes on him, and every Friday we had to boil and wash all clothes that
-accumulated in that way. Sometimes it would be a sickening job, but it
-was far better than lying in prison. We three had to work about four
-hours each day. This gave us about half work and we received about half
-enough to eat at the hospital, except occasionally we got something extra.
-We got it in this way: The managers of the hospital were all rebs and
-aristocrats, and they had negro women to carry their meals to their private
-rooms. Of course they got plenty to eat and sometimes there was something
-left. This the waiters always saved for us, and about two or three
-times a week, after dark, our door would be pushed open and we would
-see a tin pan slip in and it always had something in it good to eat, such as
-cold biscuits and cold beef-steak, and it was always good, and we felt very
-thankful to the colored people that run such risk in furnishing it to us, for
-if they had been caught at it they would have been punished severely for
-it. We were not allowed to speak to any of the colored attendants about
-the hospital, but we often talked to them when there were no rebs in sight.
-I once saw a prisoner that was sick but convalescing so that he was able to
-walk about some, come out of the ward in search of a fresh drink of water.
-He asked a colored woman for a tin cup to drink out of, and the rebel
-doctor happened to hear him, and he was sent to the prison for the offence.
-The next morning the poor fellow was brought back on a stretcher dead.
-About the first of March, 1865, the Alabama river raised and overflowed
-and spread itself all over the town and was from two to four feet deep inside
-of the prison. Our boys had a terrible time of it then for about two
-weeks. The rebs floated wood inside the prison for the prisoners to roost
-on. Our boys had to eat what little grub they got raw, and sleep while
-sitting on a pile of wood. This happened while I was at the hospital,
-consequently I missed the fun of having to sit on a wood pile for two
-weeks and eat raw grub. While at the hospital we always had hash for
-dinner. I remember one day the hash had soured, and we liked it better,
-because it made a change. About the time the river went down to its
-proper level we were all paroled; then we started for Vicksburg by rail
-until we got to Jackson, Miss., about fifty miles south of Vicksburg; there
-we had to take it afoot. It took me just eight days to walk from Jackson,
-Miss., to Black River, forty miles. When I got there, there was just one
-man with me, about twenty behind us, the others being ahead of us. At
-Black River there was a pontoon bridge&mdash;a rebel guard on the south side
-and a Yankee guard on the north side. We arrived there about sundown
-and had to stay on the rebel side all night. Our boys on the north side
-were allowed to bring us over some coffee and hard-tack, which we enjoyed
-very much, as it was the first coffee that we had tasted for six long
-months. The next morning we were transferred to the north side and
-amongst friends. We staid at the hospital in Vicksburg a few days and
-then took a hospital boat for St. Louis, and from there home.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>LYNNVILLE.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>While stationed at Pulaski, Tenn., details from the regiment were
-frequently ordered out upon reconnoitering parties, and upon these occasions
-generally met Roddy, Duke, Wheeler, or other cavalry commanders
-in that department, in skirmishes, which, as a rule, were bloodless.
-They were all exciting, however, and accustomed the boys to the use of
-their carbines. Of these affairs, what was termed in the regiment as
-"The Lynnville Fight," was the most sensational, and resulted in more
-racket than was ever raised by the same number of men in so short a
-time.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On Sunday, September 2, 1864, at 8 o'clock <span class='fss'>A. M.</span>, pursuant to orders,
-the regiment marched out on the Nashville Pike, Companies B and L in the
-advance. The movement was occasioned by reports to the effect that
-Wheeler with a considerable body was in the neighborhood with the purpose
-of destroying the railroad. After advancing about six miles a message
-was received by courier from Capt. Owings, of Co. F, occupying
-with his company the block house near Lynnville, for the purpose of protecting
-the railroad, to the effect that the rebels were in town in heavy
-force, and that he would not be able to hold his position long.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Major Lilly was ordered to go to his relief with seventy men of Companies
-B and L. Advancing at a gallop, Lieut. Harrod, with sixteen men
-of Company B, leading the column, within one-half or three-quarters of a
-mile of the town, from a slight elevation, a full view was obtained of the
-rebels. Halting for a moment, Major Lilly ordered a charge to be made
-with the sabre. Harrod, with his sixteen men in advance, supported by
-the fifty-five B and L men, under command of the Major, forming quickly,
-were soon observed by the rebels. The advance was formed in double,
-the support in single rank. The orders "forward," "trot," "gallop,"
-"charge," were given in quick succession, and in a moment all were
-hidden in a cloud of dust. The rebels in the town proved to be the 3d
-and 4th Georgia Cavalry. The attack was a surprise to them. Lieut.
-Harrod, being at the front and right of his platoon, had a fair view of the
-town and the enemy, and as the charge was made, says the Georgia boys began
-to run when our advance was fully a quarter of a mile away, and when
-they reached the south side of the town the Johnnies were going out of
-the north side in great haste and apparent confusion. For the next five
-minutes the race was lively. Our boys returned their sabres to their
-scabbards and drawing their carbines and revolvers began firing. The
-rebels threw away in their haste guns, blankets, haversacks, muster rolls,
-and whatever encumbered them; and between the discharge of fire-arms,
-the shouts of our men and the clatter of the horses' hoofs, the natives were
-thoroughly aroused. The pursuit was kept up for about five miles, the
-fleeing Johnnies making a stand upon coming up to the main force of
-Wheeler's rear guard. Two of the enemy were killed and eight captured.
-The wounded, if any there were, made their escape.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Corporal George R. Parsons, Co. B, mounted on a fast horse, was said
-to have got nearer the body of the enemy's forces than any other man.
-Capt. Nation, who was with the regiment without his company, by special
-permission, with a blow of his sabre delivered upon the side of the head,
-after a command to halt, unseated a Confederate, mounted upon a large
-mule. The mule got away. William Johnson was slightly cut by a ball, and
-the horse of Sergt. Foster was badly shot. Capts. Wall, Nation and
-Moorehouse took part in the charge. The boys, in the presence of
-Wheeler's rear guard, and so near his main body of perhaps 8,000 men,
-did not care to push matters further, and so quietly withdrew to Lynnville
-for refreshments, and to rest their horses.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>General Rousseau was near Wheeler's rear and left flank.
-Wheeler was between us with only one way open to the South. During
-the after part of the night Wheeler moved in the direction of Lawrenceburg,
-and the 9th was ordered back to Pulaski. On Monday evening, September
-3d, the 9th was ordered to Lawrenceburg to head off Wheeler if possible.
-Rousseau was pressing him with between 2,000 and 4,000 infantry and
-artillery. Wheeler's forces were estimated at 8,000&mdash;nearly all mounted,
-with a battery of light artillery. His artillery was used very little. The 9th
-reached Lawrenceburg about 7 o'clock on the morning of the 4th, just in
-time to see the 9th Ohio Cavalry assist Wheeler's rear guard out of town.
-About 8 o'clock <span class='fss'>A. M.</span> the 10th Indiana Cavalry was ordered to the front
-and became engaged with a strong rear guard of the enemy in a thick
-wood. They drove them back two or three miles, when the 10th was in
-turn pressed back. Major Lilly, who was with Gen. Granger when it was
-reported to him that the 10th Indiana had been driven back, requested of
-the general that he be permitted to take his battalion to the front. The
-general, who had heard of the efficient manner in which the Lynnville affair
-had been conducted, granted the request. Col. Jackson received permission
-to lead the remainder of the regiment.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>By order the troops on the road for a mile withdrew to the right and
-left, and the 9th was given free passage. The position occupied by the
-10th Cavalry was soon reached. They were in a narrow valley; the rebels
-on the ridge above them&mdash;the 9th on the opposite hill. It was fortunate
-for the 9th that the rebels made the mistake so often made in engagements&mdash;shot
-too high&mdash;the balls rattling in the tree-tops above their heads. A
-rapid fire at will was ordered and the lines were closed. The 9th advanced
-steadily, firing over the 10th Indiana, which soon moved out of the
-way by the flank, giving the 9th an open field. The Confederates did not
-long await the coming of the 9th, but, after a few volleys, fell back. Again
-making a stand and forming, the 9th hurries without a halt or hesitation,
-steadily presses them hard, beating them back from occasional stands for
-a distance of four miles, when Wheeler corraled his train, threw down
-the fences and brought his artillery into position. The boys were hot and
-tired, and concluded they did not want to take his artillery and rested. The
-offer of battle thus made by Wheeler to Granger was not accepted for
-reasons not known to the world. The opportunity was a good one and
-those generals had been ostensibly looking for Wheeler. Wheeler had
-the advantage, to be sure, in numbers, of perhaps 2,000 men, and these
-generals did not know at that time the superior material they had under
-their command. Wheeler began to move, and the 10th and 12th Tennessee
-Cavalry relieved the 9th. After some desultory firing, Wheeler was
-permitted without further serious annoyance to cross the Tennessee River.
-There is where the Federal generals desired to drive him, and so the
-object of the expedition was successful and Wheeler's attempt to destroy
-the railroad a failure.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The loss to the enemy was 25 killed and 150 wounded. The 9th
-lost none killed and none seriously wounded.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>September 5th the regiment reached Athens, Ala. September 6th
-returned by Elk River to Mussel Shoals and Shoal Creek, going into camp
-at night on the bank of the stream, with the other bank held by a Confederate
-force under command of a Col. Anderson. The bridge spanning
-the stream being unsafe for horses, on the 7th the regiment crossed by a
-dangerous ford, Companies B and L in advance, and soon engaged with
-Anderson, who was driven to Florence, Ala., a distance of seven miles,
-in about four hours, near which place he succeeded in crossing the Tennessee
-River.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>THE REPUBLIC OF JONES.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>While held at Enterprise, our men learned of the existence of a government
-within the State of Mississippi, of which most readers of history
-are to this day ignorant. They were informed that early in the days of
-secession Jones County, which touches Clarke County on the southwest,
-by its leading citizens, withdrew from the Confederacy, declaring themselves
-a free and independent people, organized a special and distinct government,
-under the name of the "Republic of Jones," adopted a constitution
-modeled after that of the United States, elected a President and officers
-of State, and refused to contribute men or money to the cause of the
-Rebellion. The census of 1860 gives the population of Jones County at
-3,323. So that the standing army of Jones could not, if made up of the
-able-bodied males, have been very formidable.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The cause which compelled the brave people of Jones to sever
-their connection with the most of mankind, seems to have been plunder.
-In the absence of C. S. A. troops, marauding parties sallied forth, capturing
-mules, horses, cotton, grain, and whatever else could be easily transferred,
-and when pursued or upon the approach of troops, hastily retreated
-and disbanded, seeking safety in swamps or other places difficult of access,
-remaining in hiding until the apparent danger had passed. It is stated
-that the Republic did not in any manner contribute to the cause of the
-C. S. A.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>While the prisoners never became thoroughly posted in the principles
-of that Republic it looked at one time as if they would get, in an unpleasant
-manner, a knowledge of its practical workings. Enterprise was about
-forty miles from the seat of government of Jones. Held at Enterprise
-were about 100 officers of various regiments, (some of colored troops,)
-besides the officers of the 9th Cavalry and 3d Tennessee Cavalry captured
-at Sulphur Branch Trestle. The commander of the post was a Major
-Edward Ward, a resident of Indiana before the war, who had gone South
-in 1858, engaged in business, became identified with the people and interests
-of that section, and united his fortunes with those of the Confederacy at
-the breaking out of the war. He had not been so long away from the
-North as to have grown indifferent to his old home&mdash;he still had a soft
-place in his heart for Indiana. He invited the officers of the 9th to his
-headquarters and treated them as hospitably as his position and condition
-would allow. At roll-call at 10 o'clock, October 15, 1864, Major Ward
-informed the prisoners that he had just received information through his
-scouts that the Republic of Jones was threatening to capture the prison
-camp and massacre the prisoners, for the alleged reason that the imprisoned
-officers had commanded negro troops. He said he would not be able to
-protect them against the superior force and did not know what to do. The
-proposition of Major Lilly, following the announcement of the commander
-of the post, must have been in the nature of a surprise: "If you can
-not protect us allow us to protect ourselves." Major Ward asked what he
-meant by that. Major Lilly explained that he meant that the commander
-should place arms and ammunition in the hands of the prisoners, and then
-if they were murdered no blame could attach to him. Major Ward said
-that the arming of prisoners was without precedent, and would certainly
-be dangerous when they were numerically stronger than their guard.
-Major Lilly admitted that the proceeding was unusual, but the circumstances
-justified the innovation, and proposed that all the prisoners pledge
-their honor as officers and men to use the arms only in defence of themselves
-against the anticipated attack, and to surrender them when the
-danger was ended. The pledge was taken, and in the afternoon two wagon
-loads of muskets and one of ammunition were delivered to the prisoners,
-the guards were taken off, and each officer selected his gun and put it in
-condition for immediate use. Lieut. Harrod, who had not sufficiently recovered
-the use of his leg&mdash;wounded at Sulphur Branch Trestle&mdash;to be
-able to walk, was confined to the camp. Thus armed and equipped, the
-unwonted spectacle was presented of the Yank and Johnny marching side
-by side against the common enemy&mdash;Major Lilly, in the full uniform of
-the United States Army, with his gun at a right shoulder, by the side of a
-rebel, marching in the picket squad to the front. It was perhaps the earliest
-instance of the fraternizing of the Blue and the Gray.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The prisoners remained on duty three days and nights without being
-attacked. The enemy had learned that their plans were discovered and
-preparations made to meet them. A fight upon fair terms was not what
-they wanted, and they had withdrawn.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>True to their pledged word the prisoners surrendered and stacked
-their arms&mdash;no gun nor man missing. They had shown that they were
-as honorable as brave, and from that time until they were sent North they
-were allowed greater freedom of movement&mdash;the guards simply patroled
-the camp. Citizens were allowed free access to camp, but the prisoners
-were not permitted to talk to them or the negroes on politics or the war.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>THE HOOD CAMPAIGN.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>Atlanta had fallen. Sherman, before starting on his "march to the
-sea," detached the Fourth and Twenty-fourth Corps, under command of
-Schofield, and sent them by forced march to Pulaski to watch Hood, who
-was at Florence, and to retard his advance into Tennessee until Thomas,
-who was at Nashville, could concentrate enough troops to&mdash;as Sherman
-pithily said&mdash;"take care of him." The main body of the 9th Cavalry
-had shortly before this been sent to Nashville to secure horses for mounting
-the regiment; a small number of each company only remained to
-guard the camp and stores.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>About the 15th of November the forces from "the front" arrived,
-and soon our peaceful camp was the scene of warlike preparation. The
-beautiful slope which we had so long occupied was cut into rifle-pits,
-and just north of regimental headquarters a breast-work was raised, commanding
-the approaches from south and east.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Receiving information that indicated an advance of the enemy on
-Columbia by the way of Winchester, the works were abandoned. The
-infantry took up their line of march for Columbia, and the remnant of the
-9th hastily loaded the camp equipments and stores and boarded the train
-for Nashville on the 23d of November, arrived on the morning of the
-24th, and rejoined the main body who were encamped across the river in
-Edgefield. The remounting being completed, the cavalry forces at Nashville
-were rapidly organized as the seventh division of the cavalry corps&mdash;Gen.
-Knipe commanding. The first brigade, Gen. J. H. Hammond commanding,
-was composed of the 9th and 10th Indiana, the 2d and 4th
-Tennessee and 19th Pennsylvania.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the 27th the first brigade moved through the city and down the
-Franklin Pike a few miles and went into camp; on the 28th, passed
-through Franklin to Spring Hill and went into camp, awaiting orders from
-the front. On the 29th moved to the left of the Columbia Pike and were
-all day in the saddle marching and counter-marching, slowly falling back,
-almost constantly within hearing of the fighting at the front.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the night of the 29th marched across to the Triune Pike to repel an
-alleged flanking movement of the enemy, who failed to appear at that
-point. At day-light we went into camp, and after a hasty breakfast,
-snatched an hour of needed sleep. Soon the unwelcome "boots and saddles"
-sounded, and we resumed our weary waiting and watching, nearly
-always within sound of musketry, but not seeing the rebels nor hearing the
-"zip" of the unfriendly bullet. We marched and counter-marched, always
-halting nearer Nashville.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>To those of us who had not yet seen a rebel under arms the suspense,
-the constant expectation of battle, was more trying than actual fighting
-afterwards proved. On this day when the sound of musketry drew nearer
-and nearer, we were drawn up in line, and with drawn sabres awaited the
-appearance of the enemy and an order to "charge." Expectation sat in
-a thousand pale faces as</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>"Each looked to sun and stream and plain</div>
- <div class='line'>As what they ne'er might see again."</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c008'>Suddenly the rattle of musketry seemed to roll away and all was still.
-Another time when the sound of battle approached our position, we dismounted
-and in line awaited the onset.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>In the evening the distant boom of cannon announced that a battle
-was on somewhere, and while we sat on our horses, weary but alert, the
-bloody battle of Franklin was being fought miles away. At last night fell,
-and exhausted men and horses sank gratefully to sleep.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Our camp was at the base of a wooded hill, in a field adjoining the
-Nolansville Pike. Next morning, December 1st, the horses, that had not
-been unsaddled, were put in line and held while breakfast was prepared
-and eaten. Before this was completed out-post firing was heard&mdash;a cavalryman
-came galloping, saying the enemy was upon us. The command
-hastily mounted and moved out on the pike, just before reaching which
-Companies D and G were halted, and, under command of Major Lyon,
-went into line, facing the rear. The regiment moving at a rapid walk,
-moved up the pike and disappeared. In a few minutes the rebels opened
-an irregular but furious fire from the brow of the hill under which we had
-camped. At the first discharge a horse went down; directly a man was
-shot; another horse fell. Thicker and thicker came the bullets; fiercer
-and fiercer grew the rebel yell. Major Lyon rode up and down the line
-shouting, "Give 'em hell, boys." It was the "baptism of fire" for the
-boys, but no one faltered. When ordered to wheel to the right, by fours,
-to march to the rear, behind a stone wall on the other side of the pike,
-they executed the movement as deliberately as on dress parade. Dismounted
-and sheltered by the stone wall the men were comparatively safe,
-but the horses suffered severely. Before they could be led to the rear, out
-of range, fifteen had fallen.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The rebels did not advance from the brow of the hill, but blazed
-away with constantly increasing vigor. A "jackass battery" opened on
-us. The boys did not flinch from this new experience, but kept steadily
-to their work with the coolness of veterans. Our Maynard carbines were
-weak weapons, useless at long range&mdash;our fire must have been ineffectual
-as to casualty, but being breech-loaders the boys were enabled to fire with
-such rapidity that the enemy over-estimated our numbers and hesitated to
-advance, but began creeping round our flanks on either side. And still
-the Major said "give 'em hell, boys," and held us to the work until our
-ammunition was exhausted. About this time Adjutant Payne, who was
-on the staff of Gen. Hammond, came back with orders to retreat. Everybody
-was willing, but it was easier said than done.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Almost surrounded, no ammunition, many more men than horses, the
-pike in possession of the foe, it was not a comfortable prospect. Hurrying
-to the rear we mounted&mdash;some without horses, mounted behind a
-comrade; again another would hold to a stirrup or a horses' tail to keep
-up with the rapid trot. No one thought of dashing to safety at the expense
-of a dismounted comrade. A horse was killed throwing its rider against
-a tree breaking his collar bone. Instantly he was placed behind a comrade
-and away again. On and on through wood and field, rushing through
-rail fences, tearing down stone walls with bleeding hands and still behind,
-and from either side, the rebel yell and hissing bullet.<a id='r1' /><a href='#f1' class='c012'><sup>[1]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c005'>At last, most welcome sight, the guidons of a cavalry regiment drawn
-up in line to receive us and check the enemy. Feeling sure of safety for
-all, we dashed forward, leaving the dismounted men two hundred yards
-behind. To our surprise and indignation this regiment wheeled into column
-and trotted away before we reached them leaving us to follow. The
-abandoned, dismounted men took to a cornfield and many of them escaped.
-Two privates of Co. D, Lieut. Swayne and some enlisted men of Co. G,
-were taken prisoners. Later on we reached the regiment standing in line
-on the pike. From this place we moved slowly toward Nashville until
-night came on. Going into camp near the road we enjoyed what we had
-fairly earned&mdash;a night's repose without alarm.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>As we passed through Nashville to our old camp at Edgefield next
-morning, every hatless trooper of the previous day's fight will gratefully
-remember how the merchants in the city came out with arm loads of hats
-to supply our needs. Late in the evening the brigade was again in the
-saddle, marching to Gallatin, Tenn., where we remained some days
-patrolling the river from that place to Carthage to keep the enemy from
-crossing. While here encamped a detachment of the 9th, under command
-of Major Wall, was sent up into Kentucky "pressing in" horses and
-mules. This expedition was through a rich country, comparatively unravaged
-by the war, and was a pleasure trip to its participants. Not so to
-the hapless citizens who had horses and mules. Desolation to poultry
-yards marked the path of the party. A fine lot of animals were secured,
-among them a number of blooded horses. It is possible that all these did
-not receive Uncle Sam's trade mark. There was a legend current in the
-regiment that one of the mules obtained at this time, that by <i>accident</i> was
-not branded, did excellent service at New Orleans in supplying one company
-with the needful.<a id='r2' /><a href='#f2' class='c012'><sup>[2]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On December the 8th the command returned to Nashville. The
-morning was lowery and by noon began to rain. A strong northwest
-wind froze the water as it fell and soon the road was a glare of ice. The
-horses unshod or smooth shod had but precarious footing. Fortunately no
-serious accident occurred. The men were chilled and shivering. When
-the column halted for any purpose the red cedar rails on either side were
-soon ablaze; but before the cheerful flame could infuse warmth in the
-chilled fingers the bugle sounded "forward" and the grateful heat was
-left to waste its comfort on the frosty air. We left a fiery as well as a
-frozen track that day. Before nightfall we went into camp within two
-miles of the city. Soon, amid the lurid flame of burning rails, the smoking
-hot coffee, crisp sow-belly and luscious hard-tack, we forgot the discomfort
-of our cheerless ride&mdash;the song and laugh went round until one by
-one each voice was hushed and the camp was wrapped in silence.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the morning of the 9th we moved across the river and went into
-camp on the west side of Nashville, where we remained until December
-15th. While passing through the city Gen. Hatch and staff met the regiment&mdash;Col.
-Jackson joined him and with him held an informal review of
-the regiment as the column moved along. Our horses&mdash;fresh from their
-"old Kentucky homes"&mdash;were in such contrast to the jaded steeds from
-the front, with which Hatch's command was mounted, that, turning to
-Jackson, he said: "Colonel, you have a magnificent mount, but my boys
-will steal half of them before the battle."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"No, General," replied the Colonel, "the boys got these horses for
-their own use; you can't have one of them; but we don't want to seem
-small and will undertake to trade a limited number of our Maynards for
-your Spencers."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On reaching camp, an order was issued doubling the stable guard,
-and relieving from camp duty for a week any soldier who would secure a
-Spencer carbine. No horse was lost, a dozen or two Spencers were reported.
-These were organized for special service, and the zeal and enterprise
-developed in securing them had ample play during the stormy days
-which followed. It is possible that some members of this squad would
-have willingly resigned their prospects for distinction with the Spencer,
-for the more modest and less hazardous companionship of the Maynard.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The camp was in an open field with no tree, shrub or grass, or other
-covering than the sleet which fell and formed from day to day. It was a
-sloppy, slippery time. The discomfort of the situation was somewhat
-alleviated by remembering that the Johnnies were more unhappy than we.
-They had not wherewith to cover their nakedness and depended for food
-on such limited supplies as could be secured from the country. We were
-well fed and clothed.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the morning of the 15th, the ice being melted, the regiment was
-in the saddle soon after daylight. Moving a short distance to the right
-we halted, waiting for McArthur's division to clear the way for our passage
-to the position assigned our division on the right of Smith's Corps.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>About 8 o'clock <span class='fss'>A. M.</span> the booming of the cannon on the left announced
-the opening of the battle. For an hour the fight seemed to remain
-in one place, but gradually the forces became engaged along the
-front, reaching a point to the right of our position. The cannons roared
-and thundered, and the rattle of small arms could be distinctly heard,
-while a dense smoke rolled up from the field which was obscured from our
-view by an intervening ridge. To get out of the ranks and climb this
-ridge to see how a great battle looked was a common impulse&mdash;an impulse
-too strong for those whose curiosity was stronger than their sense of
-duty. Two privates of one company, thus straying away, were discovered
-by one of Hammond's aids, who promptly placed them and their company
-commander under arrest. This officer<a id='r3' /><a href='#f3' class='c012'><sup>[3]</sup></a> later in the day approached the General
-and obtained permission to lead his company in the coming fight,
-which he did so gallantly that he never heard any more about the arrest.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Two officers of another company likewise climbed the ridge and saw
-the belching of the cannon, the bursting of the shells, the great lanes
-torn through the ranks of blue, which, closing up, moved steadily toward
-the foe. It was a grand though awful sight. As one, sickening, turned
-away, he discovered that the regiment had moved away. Informing his
-companion, they descended the hill and quickly following were, fortunately
-for their credit, not discovered, and regained their place in the column.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The division now reached its place on the extreme right&mdash;the first
-brigade in reserve within the bend of the river. In line facing the front
-we sat on our horses awaiting results. The remainder of the division advanced
-toward the enemy and were soon hid from our view by the fog
-and smoke of battle. Here it was that the battery on the hill above and
-beyond the rebel advance opened on us with shell&mdash;all will remember
-this&mdash;and none forget the peculiar shrinking sensation with which we
-heard the first shell that came shrieking over our heads and bursting in our
-rear. Here it was, too, that, as the smoke lifted, we saw our troops swarm
-up the distant hill, and, after a short struggle in the fort, raise the stars and
-stripes above the works from whose guns had so recently come to us such
-unwelcome greeting. This redoubt was carried by Coons' Cavalry (dismounted),
-and two brigades of Smith's Corps. The same troop rushed gallantly
-on and soon carried another fort. The mounted men rushed forward
-and swept Chalmer's Cavalry back, capturing his headquarters, books and
-papers. The Confederate left was completely broken and driven back by
-the cavalry corps. Night stopped the pursuit.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The first brigade being in reserve, took no part in this day's fight, but
-followed closely the advance of our victorious fellow-cavalrymen, seeing
-on every side the evidences of the battle we had not helped to win. We
-reached the six-mile post on the Charlotte Pike; thence marching up
-Richland Creek three miles, bivouacked on Granny White Pike. Two
-companies, (L and another), going on picket, captured a number of prisoners
-during the night.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the morning of the 16th, the first brigade returned to the Hillsboro'
-Pike. The 9th was detailed to support the 14th Ohio Battery in an
-attack on the rebel left and rear. Dismounted&mdash;a detail for skirmishers
-was made, including the "Spencer Squad." As they disappeared in the
-wood we followed. Soon a rattling volley, followed by the articulate
-venom of single shots, warned us that we were approaching the enemy.
-Reaching a position on a ridge thinly covered with trees, the guns were
-unlimbered, placed in position, and for two hours a furious duel raged
-between this and an opposing battery on the ridge a half mile away. The
-wooded valley intervening was alive with skirmishers, and the continuous
-dropping shots showed that they were hotly disputing possession. The
-occasional bringing in of the dead and wounded from the line attested the
-character of the struggle. The boys were evidently not in fun. The
-regiment lay in front of the guns which fired over us. This of itself was
-sufficiently exhilarating to a nervous man, but when the shells of the opposing
-battery came hustling through the air, bursting in front, above and
-behind us, cutting the branches above us or throwing the dirt over us, every
-man became a stoic and waited with calmness the missile which should
-square his account.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Strangely enough no casualty occurred in the line. Some annoyance
-was felt from a house on the left front occupied by sharp-shooters. A
-small squad, by permission, stole down upon them unobserved. Making
-a rush for the house the gray-backs went out of the back door as the
-boys went in at the front. The family were at breakfast. One of the
-boys sat down and had a hearty lunch, while the others searched the house
-from cellar to garret. Notifying the owner that another shot from the
-house would meet with response from the cannon, the boys returned and
-took their place in line.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>And still the cannonade kept up. Shells passing overhead reached
-the horses in the rear, carrying consternation to the boys who were
-holding them. One came up to the line to get permission to trade
-places with one of the boys, saying if he had to be killed he preferred to
-die as a soldier, and not as a hostler.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Col. Jackson rode a white horse and, with his orderlies, remained
-mounted during this action. Wherever this horse was the shells were
-thickest. Upon being asked why he rode this horse he said that in battle
-no one hit what he shot at. So he rode this horse for safety. The Colonel
-held a fairly good place in the affections of his men, but none cared to
-cultivate any closer relations with him on this occasion. It was two sad-eyed
-orderlies who followed him up and down the line these two solemn
-hours.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The rebel battery ceasing to return our fire, we returned to our horses
-and about noon moved to the Cranny White Pike. Crossing it, we dismounted
-and climbed a hill&mdash;the remainder of the brigade going into line
-on our left. As we went into position the brass band of a regiment on
-our immediate left was playing a melancholy piece&mdash;doubtless expressing
-the feelings of the musicians, but certainly not inciting an appetite for
-battle in the hearers.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>For some hours we lay upon this hill exchanging shots, occasionally,
-with an unseen foe, without loss. The 10th Indiana on our left lost some
-killed and wounded. About 4 <span class='fss'>P. M.</span> Knipe ordered an advance of the
-whole division. The 9th did not wait, but, springing to their feet, dashed
-eagerly down the hill and away after the enemy, who did not stand upon
-the order of their going, but went at once.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Strict orders had been given to reserve fire until we should get in
-short range, but some nervous comrade, with patriotism at his finger ends,
-discharged his gun and at once a line of fire ran down the ranks. An
-effort to stop the shooting was made without avail. Company K had a
-man killed; a number were slightly wounded. Two Confederates were seriously
-wounded in or near a house at the base of the hill, where we discontinued
-the pursuit.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>This could scarcely be dignified by the name of "a charge," as the
-enemy practically made no resistance. With fear to lend them speed they
-were further from us at the end of the race than upon the start. The day
-was damp and cold; many had on overcoats and poncho blankets. The
-haste with which we obeyed the order to advance did not give them time
-to divest themselves of extra clothing. The charge was along through a
-corn-field a foot deep in mud, intersected by several ditches and washouts,
-four to six feet deep, and from three to ten feet wide. Cavalry boots and
-other impediments made this a decidedly warm trip.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The rebels were now evidently badly whipped, and if the cavalry
-corps had now been mounted we could certainly have cut off the retreat
-by the Franklin road and practically bagged the entire game. By the time
-the horses could be brought up night had come and we went into camp at
-the base of the hill, from which the enemy had given us a parting shot at
-5 o'clock.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The rebel army at the close of the fight on the 16th were completely
-whipped; the infantry with which the cavalry corps had contended were a
-demoralized and panic-stricken mob. Forrest, with his main body of cavalry,
-had not been present during the battle. Two brigades had reached
-the field on the evening of the 16th, and, holding the passes through the
-Brentwood hills, from the Granny White Pike, enabled the panic-stricken
-horde to reach the Franklin Pike and cross Little Harpeth. Night and
-Forrest's cavalry alone saved Hood's army from total capture. A strong
-rear guard of cavalry was formed to cover the retreat of the broken rebel
-columns, and, although the battle was won our work was but fairly begun.
-About midnight a heavy rain set in which continued at intervals for some
-days following.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>By the early dawn the First Brigade was in the saddle en route for the
-Franklin Pike, the 19th Pennsylvania in advance, supported by the 10th
-Indiana. On reaching the pike the whole command started down toward
-Franklin at a swinging trot. Soon striking the enemy they gave way before
-the impetuosity of the advance and were rapidly driven back, losing
-many prisoners. At Hollow Tree Gap a considerable body of infantry
-were strongly posted, who repulsed the two regiments in front with the
-loss of 22 killed and wounded and 63 prisoners, principally from the 10th
-Indiana. To offset this, the 10th had captured and brought off the field
-two Colonels, two Lieutenant-Colonels, one Major and more than one hundred
-enlisted men. The 9th, being in the rear, had all the morning seen
-the evidences of the demoralization of the enemy. The guns and other
-equipments strewn along the road, the apparent abandonment of everything
-that impeded their flight, every door-yard filled with illy-clad shivering
-prisoners, had lead us to the conclusion that we had "a walk over."
-Hollow Tree Gap undeceived us.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>After repulsing our advance the enemy fell back. The 9th Indiana
-was ordered up and took the advance. As we moved through the Gap
-we saw the saddest sight of the campaign. A trooper lay beside the road
-gasping his life away, and near him with a ghastly wound in his breast, lay
-dead the little curly-headed, blue-eyed boy, Duane A. Lewis, Co. B., sixteen
-years old, the General's orderly, whose bright and joyous face and
-fearless innocence had endeared him to the heart of every soldier in
-the brigade. The pitiless rain fell upon his upturned childish face; his
-eyes were open, but their light had gone out forever.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Gen. Knipe said to Hammond: "Take your command and go to
-Franklin; don't skirmish with the enemy three minutes, but attack him
-where found and drive him through the town."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The rain was gently falling, the heavy fog of early morning was somewhat
-dissipated, yet so dense that objects could not be distinctly seen at a
-distance. With a long trot we swept down the pike against a shadowy
-foe&mdash;ourselves but shadows. The depressing weather and the sad scene
-just passed made the lightest heart grow heavier as we swept along. Suddenly
-from the woods on the left a body of Confederate horse sprang into
-the road in front of us, and in a ghostly gallop lead the way to their lines.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Debouching into the open near Franklin, the cannon from the fort
-opened on us with shell. The head of the column turned to the right a
-short distance and wheeled into line&mdash;the centre and left coming on "front
-into line." Hammond being at the head of the column gave the command
-to charge before the line was barely formed. The right sprang forward
-at the command and was rapidly followed by the center. The left, under
-Capt. Hobson, was not yet in line and did not hear the command. Hammond
-again shouted "charge!" Hobson was looking after the alignment
-and did not hear the command. Hammond galloped to him and said:
-"You cowardly s&mdash; of a b&mdash;ch! why don't you charge?" Hobson raised
-himself in the stirrups and said: "Boys, we will show who are cowards!
-Forward! March! Trot! Charge!!" and lead the boys right up to the fort,
-where he was shot through the heart.<a id='r4' /><a href='#f4' class='c012'><sup>[4]</sup></a> A stone wall on the left caused
-them to crowd on the centre and against the fort. The right also was
-forced to press in on the centre, by reason of a nursery, which, for horses,
-was practically impenetrable. The centre charged right down the open
-grounds on the left of the pike.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Lieut. Watts, of Company I, fell dead on the pike at the head of
-Company G. Lieut. Duvall, who lead Company H, was shot in the breast&mdash;a
-wound which hastened his death, occurring in 1880.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The Confederates had torn down the telegraph wire and, driving posts
-at intervals, had encircled the fort with it. This was unseen by the assaulting
-party until their horses tumbled over it. Encumbered by the horses
-who were useless in attacking a fort, impeded by a stone wall and wire-fence,
-under an awful fire of grape and canister and musketry at short
-range, the regiment fell back in disorder, but not without bringing off two
-stands of colors and over two hundred prisoners. These captures were
-made by individual prowess, and were not the result of concerted action.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Falling back perhaps two hundred yards from the fort and partially
-sheltered from the shells and musket balls by a slight depression in the
-plain, Acting Adjutant Comstock, under orders from the Colonel, planted
-the regimental colors, and the line was soon formed again. This was done
-quickly and well under fire. The shells were passing overhead and bursting
-threw the fragments among the men in a distressingly familiar way.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Lieut. Burroughs, of Company C, had been disabled in the charge,
-and, as the men from the left were crossing the pike to form on the colors,
-he asked for assistance to remount his horse, which was standing near.
-Two men dismounted to assist him, but just then a fragment from a bursting
-shell tore away part of his skull. He was carried to the rear in a dying
-condition.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>As the same party were hastening to the right, as before mentioned,
-a shell passed through two horses, taking off the leg of one of the riders.
-Another horse had his head taken off as with a broad-axe. In the charge
-a horse was struck full in the breast with a cannon ball, passing through
-and disemboweling him. The rider went headlong in the mud, where he
-lay stunned until the fight was over. The charge was unwisely ordered,
-but bravely and brilliantly executed. To ride down in the face of a withering
-fire on a fort inaccessible to cavalry, defended by artillery and infantry,
-greatly outnumbering the attacking force, was apparently a ride to
-death. That it was not so we must thank Him without whose notice no
-sparrow falls to the ground. No one faltered; none turned back until all
-that could be done was accomplished. Bravely as this was done, it did
-not show forth that true courage, born of moral worth and a high sense of
-duty, as did the prompt rallying of the broken companies, and the speedy
-reforming of the line, under fire, and the patient waiting for orders among
-the bursting shells. This was the true touchstone of our greatness as a
-regiment, and nobly did the boys stand the test.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>In his report, dated December 27th, 1864, Gen. Hammond, of this
-action, says:</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"The enemy, having retreated, we followed rapidly, the 9th Indiana
-in advance, to near Franklin, and drove the enemy across the river into
-town, capturing, it is reported, two stands of colors and near two hundred
-prisoners. In this charge we lost three fine officers, among whom was
-Capt. Hobson&mdash;9th Indiana Cavalry,&mdash;a man remarkable for the prompt
-discharge of his duties, and his bravery. The 9th Indiana was supported
-by the 10th Indiana and the 4th Tennessee. But the first regiment deserved
-the principal credit of the charge and success."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>For the regiment, whose heroism converted his blunder into a glorious
-achievement, this praise is scant enough. For the man, at whom he
-had but a few minutes before his death, hurled the most opprobrious epithet
-that can be applied to the brave man who loves his mother, or reveres her
-memory, this recognition comes too late.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The 4th Tennessee took the advance and pushed over the
-river, through the town and out on the Lewisburg Pike, followed by the
-brigade. Flanking the enemy out of a position between this and the Columbia
-Pike, we moved across to this latter road, and leisurely moved down
-toward Columbia. On either side of us great columns of cavalry were
-moving through the fields in parallel lines. The entire cavalry corps was
-in sight. The whole face of the country seemed covered with the mighty
-host.</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>"'T were worth ten years of peaceful life,</div>
- <div class='line'>One glance at their array."</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c008'>A mile to the front, a range of heavily wooded hills at right angles
-to the pike, rose abruptly from the plain. On the brow of this hill a battery
-in the road opened on us with shell. The first shell, passing over,
-bursted beyond our rear; another and another followed. The stragglers
-felt an impulse of valor unfelt before, and made vigorous efforts to get to
-the front. The pace of the command visibly quickened&mdash;broke into a
-trot, and soon were galloping, while still above us shrieked the shells.
-Alas! not all! Those in the rear could see the column, opening and
-closing at frequent intervals, as the horsemen passed on either side of the
-dead and wounded men and horses who had fallen.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Reaching a break in the wall which fenced in the right side of the
-road, the head of the column, turning, dashed into the field on the right.
-Dismounting at the edge of the woods, which was also the base of the hill,
-we advanced upon the enemy, and drove him from his position. It was
-said that in this action the 4th Regulars, lead by Knipe in person, went
-into line, without dismounting, charged the enemy, and, after a sharp hand
-to hand fight, drove him in confusion from the field.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The whole corps was engaged in this action, and, in thirty minutes
-from the discharge of the first gun, the entire rebel force, who were not
-killed or prisoners, were in full retreat. It was now nearly dark. Remounting,
-we moved to the right, the 10th Indiana in advance. Passing
-the enemy's flank, and reaching the pike in his rear, we moved forward to
-the attack. The 10th Indiana passed the enemy, who were ambushed behind
-a stone fence on the left, and who permitted us to likewise get well
-in the trot before springing it.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Suddenly, from out the darkness, "Halt! Who comes there?"
-sharply questioned a voice. "Federal cavalry," replied Jackson. "<i>Fire!</i>"
-rang out the command, and immediately from a thousand muskets in our
-very faces, gushed a sheet of flame. Down went man and horse. Another
-volley, and the frightened horses reared and plunged, many falling
-in a ditch alongside the road, crippling the riders.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Company L was in the advance. Moorehouse went down with a
-ghastly wound; Bristow fell dead; Jackson's horse went into the ditch,
-falling upon him, and inflicting permanent injuries to his breast. Acting
-Adjutant Comstock and another, whose name I cannot give, saved the
-Colonel from capture, by mounting him upon another horse and holding
-him in the saddle until a place of safety could be reached.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Color-Sergeant Ricks, of Company E, a noble boy, was killed, and, in
-the darkness, the colors were lost. The rebels, protected by the wall, were
-safe from sabre or bullet. The plunging of the horses, the cries of the
-wounded, the shouting of the officers, the lurid flashing of guns, fitfully
-lighting the scene, made a situation inadequately described by the modified
-term of the "new version."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The surprise, the darkness and disorder, the impossibility of returning
-the fire, left but one thing to do. A united rush was made to the right.
-The rail fence, bounding the road, went down with a crash&mdash;officer and
-man, with equal zeal, seeking safety in flight. The enemy pursued with
-shout and yell and hissing bullet. It was not a panic. It was good, hard
-sense. To get out of that hopeless hell was strictly business.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The enemy did not pursue very far. Halting in the woods, Hammond
-made an effort to get the brigade in line. He was so hoarse he
-could not speak above a whisper. It was found that all the officers were
-likewise too hoarse to make themselves heard, and the attempt was abandoned.
-Each officer and man sought sleep and rest where best it suited
-him. Sleep did not at once fall upon the camp. Silence there was, but
-not sleep. The chagrin of failure, the separation from comrades who
-might be dead or wounded, and in the hands of the enemy, added tenfold
-to the horror of the night, itself wet, cold, comfortless. At last tired nature
-succumbed to the drowsy god, and all too soon the morning bugle
-awoke us from slumber to the duties and dangers of another day.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the 18th the command, encountering no enemy, marched to near
-Spring Hill, and went into camp. Resuming the march on the 19th,
-reached Rutherford's Creek. This stream was out of its banks, its current
-a torrent, making a more effective rear guard for the defeated army
-than even Forrest's brave and determined troops. The almost impassable
-condition of the roads delayed the arrival of the pontoons until the 20th.
-Meantime the infantry had overtaken us, and gone into camp near us.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>When the infantry came from the front and began work on the defenses
-at Pulaski, they did not have a very high opinion of the cavalry arm
-of the service. This feeling was fairly illustrated in the remark of a
-bronzed veteran visiting our camp. He said: "The artillery makes the
-noise, the cavalry makes the show, and <i>we do the work</i>!" A General was
-heard to express his contempt for this arm of the service by offering to pay
-$10 per head for each cavalryman killed in battle. These boys had now
-followed our line of march and constant battle for some days. They had
-seen the character of the work done, and from them now was heard only
-words of warmest commendation. These were the heroes of Atlanta, and
-to have thus earned their enthusiastic approval, conquering their prejudice
-and compelling respect, was doubling our laurels and glory enough. Their
-unstinted praise was not more grateful to our hearts than was the generous
-sharing of their scant store of hard-tack to our now, for a day or two,
-"strictly corn-fed" stomachs.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The bridge across Rutherford's Creek being completed, on the 21st
-we crossed and moved down to Columbia. Duck River, swollen by the
-rains, that for a week had almost constantly fallen, was now a wide, deep
-and turbulant stream. The rain had ceased to fall, and it was snowing
-instead. The wind was blowing a gale from the northwest. This greatly
-increased the difficulty of bridging the stream, and it was December 23d
-before we were enabled to cross the river and resume the pursuit. We
-had been called up the midnight preceding, struck our tents, and, mounting,
-moved down near the river, where we sat upon our horses in the wind
-and flying snow&mdash;a dismal, dark, dreadful two hours&mdash;and then back to
-camp again.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>About 10 o'clock <span class='fss'>A. M.</span> on the 23d, we crossed the bridge and moved
-some miles down the Pulaski Pike, not encountering the enemy.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the 24th, we moved through the fields on the right of Gen. Croxton's
-brigade. We were not in advance this day, and, while always in
-hearing of the guns, were not directly engaged. All this day, as we followed
-in the wake of the fight, our eyes were constantly greeted with unmistakable
-evidences of the struggle in front. No one will forget the little
-knot of dead and dying artillerymen and horses by the road-side, maimed
-and mangled by a bursting shell, a gory, ghastly sight.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Forrest, with the main body of his cavalry, had reached the line of
-Hood's retreat at Columbia, and from that point interposed a force not inferior
-in numbers, or discipline, to the cavalry corps pursuing. In addition
-to this force, we were hourly confronted by five brigades of infantry, under
-Gen. Walthall. So great a force, aided by bad roads and swollen streams,
-made it impossible for us to break through their defence. It is true that
-at every stand made by the enemy, we drove him from his position, but
-when he fell back it was usually in good order, and more as one who had
-accomplished a purpose than as a beaten and demoralized foe.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the 25th, we pushed on, following the advance, which drove the
-enemy through Pulaski so closely, that he did not have time to destroy the
-bridge over Richland Creek. The men detailed to fire the bridge were
-killed or captured and the fire extinguished. Another stand was made at
-Reynolds' or Anthony's Hill, south of Pulaski. Our brigade was ordered
-to support the first brigade, sixth division, in an attack on this position.
-The enemy made strong resistance, and for some time the battle raged
-without advantage on either side. Hammond's brigade was ordered up.
-The 9th Indiana, with Companies I and D as skirmishers, advanced on
-the enemy's left. His skirmishers were soon met and driven back on the
-main line, lying along the top of the hill. A heavy fire was opened on
-these two companies, and they were compelled to fall back on the supporting
-column&mdash;which, going into line, advanced upon the enemy. Meantime
-the brigade in advance had been repulsed, and fell back in confusion,&mdash;the
-7th Ohio cavalry breaking through the advancing column between
-the 4th Tennessee and the remainder of the brigade. The 4th charged
-gallantly and drove the pursuing enemy back into his works, but the support
-being delayed by the demoralized 7th Ohio, failed to come up, and
-the 4th was compelled to withdraw. Now it was that our regiment advanced
-with the 2d Tennessee on our left. Coming within sight of the
-defences, the whole line, with a yell and mighty rush, swept up the hill
-over the works and across the opening after the flying foe, who disappeared
-in the woods beyond. Company I had a place in this charge. Company
-D, being on the right of the skirmish line, had, in falling back, after helping
-develop the enemy's position, missed the supporting column&mdash;having
-to go around a precipitous hill to rejoin the regiment, only reached the
-scene in time to observe, but take no part in, the charge, which closed the
-day's work.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Going into camp the weary soldier found time to remember that this
-was Christmas day, and fill himself with the recollection of the Christmas
-feasts of former years&mdash;precious "little else" he had to fill himself with.
-Mud and snow below, clouds and rain above, all night long, was not conducive
-to rest, but caused the boys the more readily to resume the march
-next morning&mdash;the saddle being more comfortable than the camp.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The 26th opened with a heavy fog and gently falling rain. The 2d
-Tennessee in advance, supported by the 9th Indiana, struck the enemy
-about five miles from camp and drove him swiftly back on the main body,
-which was strongly posted on the south bank of Sugar Creek, a deep and
-rapid stream, with high and steep banks. The 2d Tennessee going into
-line, was soon hotly engaged. The 9th debouched from the road and went
-into line in reserve, but so near the first line that we were as fully under
-fire as those in front.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>To remain under fire from an unseen enemy, without the stimulus of
-action, is a serious tax upon the courage of the average soldier. The 2d
-Tennessee, after a few minutes' exchange of courtesies with the enemy,
-were moved by the right flank to make room for us. Glad to move, the
-regiment took its place in the position lately occupied by the 2d Tennessee,
-while the 14th Ohio battery went into position near the line just abandoned
-by us. All this time the enemy's fire was unceasing. On reaching our
-new position we could see under the lifting fog, the creek with its steep
-banks, and beyond it the log barricades, from behind which constantly
-leaped forth the flame and smoke, accentuating the "zip" of the spiteful
-bullets, which constantly cut the air around us.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>From here we could also see the slender thread of road leading to the
-ford, across which but two horses might pass abreast. As against mounted
-men the position was impregnable. The situation was not encouraging,
-contemplating which, an officer of the line got somewhat excited, and,
-riding to and fro in front of the regiment, constantly shouting: "Don't
-run, boys; for God's sake, don't run!"</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>This was an unnecessary appeal. Aside from the disorder arising
-from falling horses, the line stood unwavering. A sharp reprimand from
-Hammond, and this officer subsided. The fire of the enemy continued
-with increasing vigor. It was returned by "the boys" with interest.
-Protected by log works the enemy probably suffered no loss.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Two companies, under command of Capt. Cofer, were now sent to
-the left to a hill commanding the rebel right and protecting our left
-flank. The regiment, at the same time, moved to the right, making place
-for the balance of the brigade in line. The two companies moving to the
-left reached an angle in the hill&mdash;one arm running back parallel to our
-line of advance, the other, and shorter arm, projecting toward the field of
-battle. Dismounting behind the shorter arm, which thoroughly protected
-the horses, the two companies scaled the hill and formed in line on its top,
-overlooking the rebel works in the plain below. Company D took the
-position nearest the field, the other company (Company I, probably),
-going to the left, were in the act of deploying to guard against surprise
-from the extreme left, when the enemy left his works, crossed the creek,
-and wildly yelling, charged the centre of the main line, driving them back
-probably three hundred yards, leaving the led horses in a triangle, the base
-and perpendicular of which was too "perpendicular" to climb, and the
-high position in the hands of the enemy. Company D hurriedly scrambled
-down the hill, and, remounting, dashed out through the astonished Confederates
-to a place of safety, where, reforming, they rejoined the regiment.
-In their ride to the rear Company D lost four enlisted men by capture.
-The horses of the other company were also successfully brought off.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Cofer, with his company, hearing the battle surging back in the centre,
-also tried to get back, but by the time the deployed line could be rallied
-to return, they were met by a body of the enemy, who, seeing so many
-led horses going to the rear, suspected the truth, and went up the hill to
-see about it. Resistance was hopeless, flight seemed impossible, but, with
-a rebel prison on the one hand, and a chance for safety in a race with
-death on the other, was but a moment's hesitation. Running back up the
-hill and making a wide detour, Indiana put in her "best licks," and, although
-the rebels had the inner and by far the shorter line, they escaped,
-amidst a storm of bullets, without a scratch, and rejoined the regiment,
-much to their own satisfaction and greatly to the relief of the remainder
-of the regiment, who had given them up for lost.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The brigade again advanced and drove the enemy back into his
-works. The 14th Ohio battery was now placed in position, and soon
-shelled them out, and pursuit was continued some distance by a portion of
-the command, the remainder soon going into camp.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>These were the last rebels in arms seen by us in this campaign.
-Subsistence for men and horses was becoming a serious question. We had
-received no rations since leaving Nashville, twelve days before. There had
-been little time for foraging. The resources of the country were nearly
-exhausted by the rebel army&mdash;men and horses were worn out and hungry.
-A few days were consumed in recruiting the horses and securing
-supplies. The march was resumed and continued without incident of
-special interest, except a very pleasant encampment at Taylor Springs and
-a very unpleasant, not to say dangerous, crossing of Elk River, ending at
-Gravelly Springs, where we went into winter quarters.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>It was but a remnant of the 9th Cavalry that went into camp at the
-close of this long march. By death, wounds, disease and capture we had
-lost heavily. Those stopping by the way, from death or exhausting of
-horses, added to the other losses&mdash;not more than two hundred effectives
-reached this, our final, camp in Alabama. In considering the service of
-the 9th Cavalry in this campaign, we will concede that other commands
-may have done more fighting, but in promptly and effectually performing
-the duties assigned, no regiment could have excelled the 9th Indiana.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Hammond, in his report, says: "During this campaign I have had
-continual occasion to admire the bravery of both officers and men, and to
-lament want of discipline." The discipline of our regiment was fairly
-good; the officers, as a rule, had the respect and confidence of their men,
-who yielded prompt obedience to all orders. Gen. Hammond never
-issued an order, either in battle, on the march or in camp, that we did not
-try to obey, whatever we may have thought of the wisdom of it.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>It is the deliberate opinion of the writer, after twenty years' experience
-with all sorts of people, that no finer body of men ever lived than served
-together in the 9th Indiana Cavalry, and certain it is no braver soldiers
-ever marched to battle.</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/fig001.jpg' alt='Map of battle, December 1, 1861.' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic002'>
-<p>Map of battle, December 1, 1861.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>THE NINTH AT FRANKLIN.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c013'>Those who were present will admit that Capt. Hayden's account of the 9th at
-Franklin is but a conservative statement of the facts. On the day after the fight,
-while we were all feeling very well satisfied with ourselves and the part the regiment
-had taken in the affair, I wrote a letter to the Cincinnati Commercial, which was
-published in its issue of December 29, 1864. I think it sufficiently pertinent to
-justify the insertion of the greater part of it.</p>
-
-<p class='c007'>D. W. C.</p>
-
-<p class='c008'> <span class='sc'>Camp of the 9th Indiana Cavalry,</span><br />
-<span class='sc'>Near Franklin, Tennessee, December 18, 1864.</span></p>
-
-<p class='c005'>It is a lamentable fact, that, for some reason as yet ungiven, the
-cavalry arm of our service has not, until quite recently, been distinguished
-for any special efficiency. Its connection, however, with the late brilliant
-victories in the Shenandoah Valley, have won for it at least the respect of
-the country, and caused the withdrawal of Major General Hooker's
-standing offer of twenty dollars for a dead cavalryman of the Potomac
-Army. In the West this branch of the army, as your readers are aware,
-has been organized into the corps of the Military Division of the Mississippi,
-under command of Brevet Major General Wilson, whose dash and splendid
-abilities, while eminently fitting him for the responsible position he holds,
-have fully warranted his promotion from Lieutenant Colonel to his present
-rank. The late complete successes of his command are evinced in those
-sure and substantial evidences of victory&mdash;prisoners, battle-flags and guns;
-and in this department no corps can show more of them than the cavalry.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>While all the troops in this command have behaved with credit to
-themselves and honor to the cause in which they fight, for pluck, coolness
-and promptness in the hour that tests men's courage, among all the
-regiments taking part in the late move in front of Nashville, the 9th
-Indiana Cavalry of brigadier General Hammond's brigade, is worthy of
-special and honorable mention, and, particularly, its splendid charge upon
-the works and forces of the enemy at Franklin yesterday&mdash;an exploit
-unsurpassed by anything written of the war, and compared to which in
-point of success, Major Zagonyi's celebrated charge at Springfield, which
-created such a sensation at the beginning of the war, and interested the
-principal artists of the country in the face of a homely but ordinary man,
-becomes tame and unimportant. Some five hundred yards, over undulating
-grounds, made miry by recent rains, from the advance, (9th Indiana
-Cavalry, Colonel George W. Jackson commanding), of Hammond's
-brigade, and upon the north side of Big Harpeth river was a section of a
-battery, supported by two regiments of infantry, strongly entrenched behind
-abatis and rifle-pits; in front of them a regiment of cavalry drawn up to
-receive a charge. On the south side of the river four guns were so planted
-as to enfilade the road. Filing and forming to the right and left of the
-road, with a coolness, which seemed utterly regardless of the terrible
-accuracy with which the rebel guns were aimed, while their shells were
-mangling horses and their riders, the men seated themselves more firmly in
-their saddles, tightened the reins, and "looked on sky and tree and plain"
-as sights they might never see again. Led in person by Colonel Jackson,
-in a line which would have awakened the admiration of Old Hardee
-himself, the 9th, at a walk, advanced to victory&mdash;many of them, alas, to
-death. From a walk to a trot, from a trot to a gallop, the short distance
-of five hundred yards was soon traversed, and the Hoosier boys measured
-arms with the chivalry from Georgia, Alabama and Texas. Overwhelmed
-by the celerity and boldness of the movement, many of the enemy were
-sabered and captured before they had fairly entered into the spirit of the
-fight. Before the impetuous Jackson three men in gray fell in less time
-than it takes now to tell it. A little Sergeant from Company K, George
-Leslie, with no weapon but his sabre, took from their gun a Lieutenant
-and artilleryman.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>To describe a real cavalry charge, however, where sabres are crossed
-and skulls are cleaved, as was the case at Franklin on the 17th inst., and
-do it justice, is impossible. One may tell how hundreds of well-drilled,
-well-mounted men, with clean blades, seen through the clear morning air,
-moving like machinery, is a sight not often seen, and a splendid embodiment
-or representation of power, and in the rush of a charge may liken it to the
-tornado, that must sweep the earth unless averted. This may be said, but
-a hundred instances of individual prowess must necessarily be overlooked.
-In fifteen minutes the field was won. Two stands of colors, two guns and
-250 prisoners were the spoils of victory. The remainder of the enemy,
-in confusion, fled through Franklin, leaving it to be taken with near 2,000
-of their wounded, without further fighting. This, with 400 men, for the
-other regiments, comprising the brigade, were not formed until the enemy
-had been driven across the river. Prisoners said the cavalry had never
-acted so before&mdash;that they were not even given time to fight, before they
-were whipped, and, even after surrendering, had difficulty in escaping the
-hoofs of the horses.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Rebel officers accounted for the desperate and determined fighting of
-our men, by saying they had been given whisky and gun-powder. The
-latter part of the statement was strictly true. A successful cavalry charge&mdash;the
-capture of stands of colors, guns and prisoners, is a new episode in
-the great rebellion. But the faithful historian in the annals of the heroes
-and heroic deeds of the war, and glowing tributes to the devotion of
-patriot soldiers, will find no theme more worthy the beauties of our Saxon
-tongue, than the charge of the 9th Indiana Cavalry at Franklin.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>COL. JACKSON.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>It has not been our purpose in these papers to make special mention
-of any officer. As an exception to the general plan, I have thought that
-a brief mention of Col. Jackson's name would give no offense and could
-not be regarded as an unfair discrimination. Holding, by virtue of his
-rank, the most conspicuous place, he is in the eyes of his old comrades the
-foremost mark for blame or praise. He went west soon after the
-conclusion of the war&mdash;since then but little has been known of him by
-members of the regiment. The latest information concerning him, in
-possession of the writer, dates back some years, at which time he was
-reported as living with his family upon a farm near New Salem, Kansas,
-in feeble health. If living now he would be accounted an elderly man.
-His military history, briefly stated in the army records, is as follows:</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Mustered as Second Lieutenant, Company C, 34th Regiment, Indiana
-Volunteer Infantry, September 21, 1861.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Mustered as First Lieutenant, same Company, April 14, 1862.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Mustered Captain May 12, 1862.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Resigned October 7, 1863; promoted Colonel 118th Regiment.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Mustered Colonel 121st Regiment (9th Cavalry), 1864.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Honorably discharged June 3, 1865.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The career disclosed by this brief recital, although but the skeleton
-of his gallant service in behalf of his country, is one of which his friends
-may well be proud, but to stop with it would not satisfy those who
-followed his leadership with confidence and recall his memory with
-affectionate regard.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Having been much in personal contact with him in camp, on the
-march, and in action, the writer may take a partial view of his character&mdash;but
-to-day, after the lapse of many years, recollecting his strong and
-weak points, and he had them both, I deem it only a just tribute to the
-"old Colonel," as the boys used to call him, to say that he was a brave
-soldier, an able and skillful officer, a faithful and generous friend.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>He was unfortunate in a nervous organization, which sometimes
-affected his temper, compelling him to do and say things which he had
-occasion to regret and which unfitted him for camp life. In its monotony
-he grew restive and irritable, sometimes by too violent manifestations of
-his feelings, giving offense to brother officers without just cause&mdash;but
-mounted and at the head of the 9th, and fronting the enemy or leading
-the charge, he was always the alert, gallant and splendid leader.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The education he was possessed of, was of a solid character and was
-derived more from contact with men than from books. He did not affect
-learning, though he was intelligent and well informed on current affairs.
-Had he begun his career in the army with higher rank than a Lieutenancy,
-or with influential friends to have secured the prompter recognition of
-his merits, or earlier obtained opportunities for the display of his soldierly
-qualities, he would have won distinction in a war so fruitful of able
-Generals. As it is, his friends must be content with the knowledge that
-in the various posts assigned him he was faithful, capable and brave, and
-that those esteemed him most who knew him best.</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c003'>WRECK OF THE SULTANA.</h2>
-</div>
-<p class='c004'>No single event during the war so startled and shocked the North as
-that which has since been known as the "Sultana Disaster."</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>On the 23d day of April, 1865, the steamer Sultana left Vicksburg
-with a total of passengers and crew of 2,141 persons. Of this number
-thirty-five were Federal officers and 1,996 Federal soldiers, recently having
-been released from Catawba, Enterprise and Andersonville prisons. The
-remaining 110 were made up of the crew and passengers taken on
-board at points between New Orleans and Vicksburg.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The physical condition of these officers and soldiers is well known to
-those familiar with the treatment received by Federals in Southern prisons,&mdash;long
-confinement in stockades, without protection from heat or cold, or
-rain, without adequate food or clothing, deprived in sickness of medical
-aid and the commonest comforts. All were weak and many were
-absolutely helpless in the presence of danger.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The estimated capacity of the boat was 376 persons, besides the crew.
-The overloading of the boat made it necessary to make any disposition of
-the men practicable. They occupied all available room. They were
-stowed away wherever space was found to place them. The trip up the
-river to the place of the tragedy was made without the occurrence of any
-unusual incident. The last stop was at Memphis, at which place the boat
-took on coal. At about 3 o'clock on the morning of the 27th of April,
-1865, when opposite Fogleman's Landing, some eight miles above
-Memphis, the steamer's boiler exploded. The vessel took fire immediately
-and was soon burned to the water's edge.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>It were idle to attempt a description of the scene that followed that
-explosion. It was 3 o'clock in the morning. The water was very cold.
-Many passed from the sleep of life to the sleep of death without awakening.
-Others without warning found themselves rudely awakened by contact
-with the icy water of the Mississippi. They saw the fierce river lit up by
-the burning steamer; saw their comrades struggling with the waves,
-heard their appeals for help, without the power to respond. They fought
-bravely with the darkness and cold and flood for life, sometimes even to
-death for the possession of a log, or boat, or other float, that could bear
-but one, often cruelly, but naturally asserting Nature's first law, when its
-assertion meant death to a weaker brother. Yet such sad pictures were
-relieved by others of devotion and gallantry and sacrifice not surpassed in
-earthly trials. Some who were able to swim, notwithstanding the shock
-and chill of the waters, kept afloat for a time, and were successful in
-getting hold of floating planks and rails, and thus maintaining themselves
-until rescued. Many floated thus as far as Memphis before they were
-picked up, and though rescued from the water, died soon after from the
-scalding and burns received on the vessel, and from long exposure to the cold
-and from exhaustion. An instance is related of a mother, who clasping
-her babe in her arms, floated from the wreck to Memphis, where she was
-taken from the water. She lived, but the little one was dead.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The light from the burning vessel was seen, and the explosion heard
-for many miles. At a later hour these evidences of disaster would have
-brought greater numbers to the rescue. The time of the accident was
-unfavorable to prompt assistance. As it was, vessels of all descriptions,
-chiefly skiffs, put out promptly and rendered much assistance.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>A soldier passenger on the boat relates that while in the water he saw
-a horse swim by him with a dozen men clinging to him; he says he saw a
-soldier attempting, with the aid of a plank, to save two little girls. A rope
-was thrown him, and in attempting to catch it, the children escaped from
-his exhausted arms. He seemed to lose all thought of the rope; he beat
-about wildly to regain his helpless charge, which were borne from him in
-darkness, but he was finally rescued nearly dead from exhaustion.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Of those who were rescued, 200 died in the hospital of Memphis
-alone. Near fourteen hundred were killed by the explosion or drowned.
-Those able to be removed were sent North to Cincinnati, Ohio, but those
-belonging to the Indiana regiments were stopped at Indianapolis, where
-they received such attention as thoughtful consideration could bestow.</p>
-
-<hr class='c014' />
-
-<p class='c005'>We give the following extracts from Memphis papers appearing within
-a day or two of the disaster:</p>
-<h3 class='c015'>STATEMENT OF SERGEANT L. B. HINCKLEY.</h3>
-<p class='c004'>I belong to the 9th Indiana Cavalry. I had just gone to bed and
-fallen asleep, when all of a sudden I was awakened by some horrible
-noise. I sprang out of bed and found the cabin full of flame and the
-passengers all jumping overboard. The water for a while around was
-covered with people struggling for life. I never heard such terrible and
-mournful wailings. The glare of light showed a scene such as never before
-had been witnessed. I happened to find a log after swimming some distance.
-There was eight of us started on this log; before we reached the wood,
-however, four of them gave out and sank to rise no more. I had at first
-got hold of a shutter, but finding some one else who needed it worse than
-I did, I gave it up. I reached the wood on the log and got on to a tree.
-I was rescued from my uncomfortable position about daylight from the
-little island opposite Mr. Fogleman's house. We found one who had
-reached the wood, his name being Wm. Curtiss, of Company F, 1st
-Virginia Cavalry. He was almost in the agonies of death, and had
-clutched the limb to which he had caught, and could not be taken from
-his position until the limb was cut. Mr. Fogleman's house was opened to
-us, and we had every attention shown us that could be under the
-circumstances.</p>
-<h3 class='c015'>WORK OF THE CREW OF THE GUN-BOAT ESSEX.</h3>
-<p class='c004'>The officers and crew of the iron clad Essex deserve unstinted credit
-and praise for the part they took in picking up the passengers of the
-ill-fated steamer Sultana. Lieutenant James Perry, Ensign of the Essex,
-was awakened yesterday morning about 4 o'clock, and informed that the
-steamer Sultana had blown up, and was now burning; that the passengers
-were floating down the river and crying for help. The Lieutenant jumped
-up immediately, and was startled and horrified by the agonizing cries of
-the people in the river. He said, that never in all his life, did he hear
-anything so dreadful, and hopes it may never be his lot to hear such
-screams again. He immediately ordered the boats to be manned, which
-was done in very quick time. The morning was very dark. It was
-impossible to see twenty feet ahead, and they had nothing to guide
-them whatever but the shrieks and groans of the wounded and scalded
-men. The first man picked up was chilled through and through, being
-perfectly benumbed and unable to help himself. Lieutenant Berry, seeing
-the condition the man was in, very generously divested himself of his
-own coat and put it on him. The second man they took up died in a
-few moments after being taken aboard. The men who had Captain
-Parker's gig picked a woman up out of some drift. She was at that time
-just making her last struggle for life. About the time this woman was
-picked up a steamboat yawl came there and helped pick up some more
-who were clinging to the drift. Lieutenant Berry said it was impossible
-for him to give any description of the scene; he said it beggared all
-description; that there were no words adequate to convey to the mind the
-horror of that night. He continually heard the persons in the water cry out,
-"Oh, for God's sake save us, we cannot hold out any longer." The boats
-of the United States steamers Groesbeck and Tyler were on hand, and
-displayed great vigilance and zeal in picking up the drowning men.
-Lieutenant Berry, with the help of the crew, picked up over sixty men.
-Among those of the crew who deserve special notice, are John Tompson,
-the Captain's coxswain, who with gig, picked up twenty-six men; also John
-Hill and William Quinn displayed a heroism which deserves to be rewarded
-by promotion. In fact the whole crew acted in such a noble manner that
-too much cannot be credited to them for their noble endeavors to save the
-perishing multitude that was floating down the river, and while we
-compliment the men we would not be unmindful of the part Lieutenant
-Berry performed. He seemed to forget his rank, he</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>"Doffed his sparkling cloak,</div>
- <div class='line'>And went to work with might and main,"</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c008'>mingling as one of the crew in the magnanimous work of saving human
-life. With commendable forethought, Captain Parker sent ten boats out
-to explore the shore from Memphis to the place of the disaster. Up to
-half past three o'clock yesterday only five boats have returned. They
-had found a few dead bodies, but could not find any survivors along the
-shore. We think by this time that all except those who sank to rise no
-more, have been picked up; for all classes, both high and low, searched
-hard and diligently all day yesterday in hunting up the survivors of this
-calamitous disaster. Had the disaster occurred an hour or two later,
-Captain Parker feels assured that the naval force here could have saved
-several hundred lives instead of the sixty alluded to. Unfortunately the
-night was dark, and the boats were obliged to steer in the direction of the
-cries, being unable to see more than a few of those struggling in the
-water. William Young, gunner's mate on the United States iron clad
-Essex, distinguished himself by his courageous acts. Mr. Young rendered
-invaluable aid in rescuing from watery graves many of the sufferers by the
-Sultana's explosion. He is an old sailor, having been for thirty years
-an active seaman, twenty-three years of that time in the navy.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>When the steamer Rose Hamilton was nearing the head of the little
-island opposite Mr. Fogleman's residence, she was hailed by a skiff
-belonging to some fishermen who came aboard, having discovered among
-the willows the body of a young lady, apparently about twenty years of
-age. She was of medium height, say about five feet five inches, with a
-fine head of long brown hair, blue eyes, and had a slight scar across the
-chin. She was dressed in the night attire of a respectable lady. She wore
-on her bosom a neat breast pin of plain jet set in gold. She was a very
-handsome lady, and had not been recognized at last accounts. Her body
-was taken on board the Rose Hamilton and as decently laid out as
-circumstances would permit. Unknown to those by whom she was thus
-cared for, when the sorrows and cares of life were all over, who she was,
-what home may be filled with mourning because she comes no more, are
-questions which cannot be answered, yet, whoever she may be, her friends
-could wish for no more tender care than strangers have bestowed, for many
-a manly eye grew moist as they gazed on the pale form in death.</p>
-<h3 class='c015'>A VISIT TO THE WRECK.</h3>
-<p class='c004'>After the explosion of her boilers, and the rapid spread of the flames,
-the burning mass of what had been the fine steamer Sultana, floated slowly
-down with the current until within a few hundred yards of Mr. Fogleman's
-residence, when it grounded on the Arkansas shore. We visited the
-wreck about 10 o'clock. It had sunk in twenty feet of water, and the
-jackstaff was standing up before the black mass, as though mutely mourning
-over the terrible scene, a silent witness of which it had been. The boat
-was almost entirely consumed. The charred remains of several human
-bodies were found, crisped and blackened by the fiery element. The scene
-was sad to contemplate, and those who witnessed it can never forget it.
-The Rose Hamilton, Pocahontas, Jenny Lind and Bostona were cruising
-around the place ever and anon picking up the breathless body of some
-unfortunate one, who "slept the sleep of death;" or some more fortunate,
-who had escaped a watery grave, though exhausted by a fearful night of
-agony and struggle for life.</p>
-<h3 class='c015'>STATEMENT OF PRIVATE FRED ALBACK, SECOND MICHIGAN CAVALRY.</h3>
-<p class='c004'>I was awakened when the explosion took place, lying on the top of
-the wheel house. As soon as I discovered that the boat had exploded, I
-caught hold of the fender and slid down to the water and let myself in,
-having nothing on me at the time. I judge I must have swam about ten
-miles. The river was alive with people crying and calling for help in the
-greatest of agony. Just as I was coming down off the boat I saw two
-ladies who had thrown themselves into the water, they having nothing to
-keep them up, and sank, when I saw them no more. When the explosion
-took place it threw the cabin into the air, and it fell back upon the shell of
-the boat in one mass of ruins, crushing many of the passengers, who were
-thus caught and were undoubtedly burned to death. Very many caught
-hold of horses by their manes and tails, but whether they escaped or not
-I cannot tell, as I never heard of them afterwards.</p>
-<h3 class='c015'>STATEMENT OF PRIVATE R. H. SIMPSON, COMPANY I, NINETEENTH INDIANA.</h3>
-<p class='c004'>I went to sleep about 2 o'clock and was awakened in about half an
-hour by hot water falling on my face and hands. I was not struck by
-anything nor scalded, but remained on the boat until the flames compelled
-me to leave. I then ran up on the cabin floor, snatched off a door and
-then made my way down to the lower deck and jumped into the river.
-By the light of the burning steamer I could see hundreds of the passengers
-in the water, all crying and wailing for help. I swam for about one mile
-and a half, and when I got to the island, just opposite Mr. Fogleman's,
-there I caught hold of the bushes. I saw three men drown while I was in
-the water. One of them had gained the trees and was holding to the
-limbs; a skiff was fast coming to his help, but being utterly exhausted he
-lost his hold and sank, when the skiff was about ten steps off. The other
-two had almost gained the bushes, but sank before they could reach the
-trees.</p>
-
-<hr class='c014' />
-
-<p class='c005'>An event so appalling as this could not occur even at a time when the
-country was accustomed to hear of the deaths of great numbers of men,
-without action upon the part of the government looking to the investigation
-of its cause. A military committee and a committee upon the part of
-Congress were appointed for that purpose. Both committees, no doubt,
-discharged with fairness and ability the duty assigned them. There were
-many theories and rumors as to the cause. Rumor charged that the Post
-Quartermaster at Vicksburg, by a contract with the owners of the vessel,
-received a commission of $2.00 for each soldier passenger furnished, and
-for that consideration he had recklessly crowded the vessel beyond her
-capacity. It was also charged that the machinery was out of repair, and
-the vessel generally unseaworthy.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>The investigation, however, disclosed the fact that before leaving
-Vicksburg her boilers had been repaired by competent mechanics; that the
-charge against the Quartermaster was untrue; that the disaster was not due
-to the fact that the vessel was carrying more than her estimated
-capacity. The writer has not been able to obtain the report made by either
-of the committees as to the true cause of the explosion.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Among the lost were men from every company of the 9th Cavalry.
-The following list may not be complete, but is believed to be correct so far
-as it goes:</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c009'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>Daniel Curtis, Co. A</div>
- <div class='line'>Patrick Day, Co. A.</div>
- <div class='line'>Frederick Blessinger, Corp., Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles E. Church, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Ephraim B. Parman, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>John Steward, Co. B.</div>
- <div class='line'>Warren A. Huckins, Co. C.</div>
- <div class='line'>John M. Englehart, Co. C.</div>
- <div class='line'>Edward Wood, Co. D.</div>
- <div class='line'>Thomas Laboyteaux, Co. E.</div>
- <div class='line'>John Bonner, Co. F.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles W. Clevenger, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Jonathan R. Downing, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>George Downing, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>William H. Graves, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>William C. Hoover, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Charles W. M. King, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>John N. Maynard, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Enoch T. Nation, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>James C. Olom, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Martin V. Rodepouch, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>John R. Reasoner, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Nathan Thornburg, Co. G.</div>
- <div class='line'>Franklin Ballenger, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>James Bell, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>Alonzo Dunham, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>George Delano, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>Josiah Pratt, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>John W. Shull, Co. H.</div>
- <div class='line'>Hiram Bailey, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>John W. Emmons, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>George S. Fisher, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Jacob Harold, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Henry Newton, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>William F. Rea, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Joseph Survant, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>George W. Shockley, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Darius Stevens, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>Matthew Zix, Co. K.</div>
- <div class='line'>James N. Christian, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>Robert A. Moorehouse, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>Leander McCarty, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'><a id='r5' /><a href='#f5' class='c012'><sup>[5]</sup></a>Archibald Reed, Co. L.</div>
- <div class='line'>John M. Armstrong, Corp., Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>John D. Alexander, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>William Brigg, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>George W. Blake, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Nathan E. Gruell, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Enis Haloway, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>William H. Huffman, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>James M. Isentrager, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Samuel King, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>Franklin Ridley, Co. M.</div>
- <div class='line'>John M. Bragg, Co. M.</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-<div class='nf-center c002'>
- <div><span class='large'>Footnotes</span></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='footnote' id='f1'>
-<p class='c005'><span class='label'><a href='#r1'>1</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class='sc'>Note A.</span>&mdash;Of the affair at Wilson's Pike, December 1, 1864, Sergt. Holt,
-of Co. E, writes as follows:</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>D. W. C.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"At the fight on Wilson's Pike, December 1, 1861, Company E was detailed
-to check the advancing columns on that road. The company was stationed in a
-small yard behind a house. A line of skirmishers was thrown out consisting of the
-dismounted fourth man, placed in charge of a sergeant, with orders to fire once or
-twice and fall back to their horses. The advance was very rapid, the firing hot in
-the region of the company, and the men who had charge of the horses of the dismounted
-men were ordered to the rear. When our men came back from the skirmish
-line they were disappointed in not finding their horses, and were all captured,
-consisting of nearly twenty-six men of Company E, who were taken to Cahaba,
-Alabama, prison. Only about half of them lived through the five months they
-were kept there. Capt. Hobson was left in charge of the rear. He was ordered
-off the field twice by orderlies from Gen. Hammond, but failing to obey the
-order Gen. Hammond came himself and took the command off. The rebels were
-so close to us that I think I would almost know the color-bearer if I were to see him
-to-day. Before we left the yard, or just as we were leaving, Sergt. Helvie, who was
-sitting at the roots of a sugar tree, called to me to take his gun, a Henry rifle. I
-did so, and was so much excited that I only got two loads off out of the fifteen it
-contained. I believe Sergt. Helvie was the only man wounded in the engagement,
-although we stayed upon the field until the right and left wings of the rebel advance
-were considerably ahead of us, and I pointed the fact out to Capt. Hobson,
-but it didn't seem to affect him."</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f2'>
-<p class='c005'><span class='label'><a href='#r2'>2</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>It was said that Company F sold this mule in New Orleans
-several times. The plan was&mdash;as the story was told&mdash;to have one of the boys, in
-citizen's clothes, sell the animal, and before it could be got away a squad would
-come up and arrest the party for having United States property in possession, compromising
-for a greater or less amount, take the mule and release the purchaser.
-This was said to have been repeated a number of times. At last the mule was hid
-and could not be found, but not before a sum had been raised sufficient to put
-Company F in funds.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f3'>
-<p class='c005'><span class='label'><a href='#r3'>3</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Lieut. Thomas J. Cofer, Co. I.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f4'>
-<p class='c005'><span class='label'><a href='#r4'>4</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Accounts of the deaths of Capt. Hobson and Lieut. Watts are
-conflicting. Capt. Hayden states that Capt. Hobson was killed right at the fort.
-The account of Sergt. Holt, Co. E, of the same incident, is subjoined. Sergt.
-Holt's candor in relating his experiences is refreshing and worthy of all praise.
-Most of us, in relating army experiences, are apt to forget or omit our fears and
-remember only what was heroic. There was in the regiment but one opinion
-concerning Capt. Hobson, and that was that he was a brave and capable officer.
-Martin Gregg, Co. I, states that he was with Lieut. Watts when shot; that he was
-killed by the captain of the battery, who also fired at him.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>D. W. C.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"Company E was the left wing, Capt. Hobson commanding the main column.
-Advancing on the pike, our company went to the left or rear of a small works on
-the pike. After we had climbed a little hill, our company had scattered considerably,
-the firing being close above us with grape. We formed under cover
-of the ravine, and then advanced down the railroad. Capt. Hobson
-was leading the company; and Sergeant Grose and myself were (I probably
-ought not to say so) in the rear. I thought I took in the situation
-and asked him how he liked the place we were going into. He said he didn't
-like it much, but he guessed we would have to go. We charged down the railroad
-until we got to the wagon road, then went under the railroad, the grade being so
-high as to permit us to go under. Capt. Hobson didn't seem to realize the situation
-until he was confronted on the other side by the retreating rebel column. He
-halted and turned round immediately on the retreat, and was shot just as he came
-under the railroad, falling almost against the stone abutment. His riderless horse
-came galloping past me as I turned to retreat....</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"An incident in connection with Capt. Hobson's death has always impressed
-me. During the morning Capt. Hobson and Lieut. Burroughs were riding together,
-and in their conversation Lieut. Burroughs said: 'I would rather lose my right arm
-than go into a fight.' Capt. Hobson replied, 'The rebel bullet is not molded that
-will kill me.' With these remarks hardly cold from their lips they went into the
-fight and were both killed within at least a few minutes of each other.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>"While Capt. Hobson many times seemed rough in his remarks, his actions
-would show that he was tender in feelings. With a confidence that no harm can
-come to him, a man can go forth and fight with dashing courage, although
-danger surrounds him; but with the thought that as certain as he goes into battle,
-he will be the first to fall, requires a stout heart, and is offering his life
-upon the altar of his country. I never felt that I would be injured in battle, but
-I have several times wished that some one else would run, so that I might have
-some excuse to run myself. It took a braver man to make the break and run when
-every one was standing in line of battle than it did to stand and fight."</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f5'>
-<p class='c005'><span class='label'><a href='#r5'>5</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Lost by the explosion of the steamer George Fierce, below Vicksburg.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='tnotes'>
-
-<p class='c016'>Transcriber's Notes:</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Archaic and uneducated spelling and grammar has been retained.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Footnotes have been collected at the end of the text, and are
-linked for ease of reference.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Missing or obscured punctuation was corrected.</p>
-
-<p class='c005'>Typographical errors were silently corrected.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ninth Cavalry, by Daniel Webster Comstock
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
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-have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using
-this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: Ninth Cavalry
- One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment Indiana Volunteers
-
-Author: Daniel Webster Comstock
-
-Release Date: September 26, 2019 [EBook #60363]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ASCII
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NINTH CAVALRY ***
-
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-
-
-Produced by David King and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net. (This file was
-produced from images generously made available by The
-Internet Archive.)
-
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-
-
- Ninth Cavalry
-
-
-
-
- NINTH CAVALRY
-
- One Hundred and Twenty-first Regiment
-
- Indiana Volunteers.
-
- Daniel Webster Comstock
-
- RICHMOND, IND.:
- PUBLISHED BY J. M. COE.
- 1890.
-
-
-
-
- PREFACE.
-
-
-The papers here collected were read by the Regimental Historian, from
-time to time, at Annual Re-unions of the 9th Indiana Cavalry. They are
-printed at the request of the boys of the regiment, and are for their
-benefit.
-
-Combined, they give, as seen from the standpoint of the individual who
-narrates, the principal events in which the regiment took part, but do
-not even refer to many skirmishes in which it participated with the
-forces of Wheeler, Forrest, Rhoddy, and other Confederate Cavalry
-leaders, in the Department of the Cumberland, and "brushes" with
-guerrillas in the Military Division of the Mississippi,--"affairs"
-unimportant from the insignificance of the numbers engaged, but in which
-the most soldierly qualities were often displayed.
-
-The papers were not all prepared by the Historian: with those he did not
-write he has, with the full consent of the respective authors, made such
-changes as he thought proper.
-
-The paper by J. A. Brown, corporal Co. L, on "Sulphur Branch Trestle,"
-appears as written by him, without a verbal change.
-
-The other paper upon the same subject is made up of accounts furnished
-by Col. Lilly and Capt. J. B. Harrod, Co. B.
-
-While the writer assisted in making up the detail sent upon that
-unfortunate expedition, it was not his fortune to go with it.
-
-The very able and graphic chapter upon the Hood Campaign is from the pen
-of Capt. O. B. Hayden, Co. D.
-
-The account of the Lynnville fight appears substantially as given by
-Capt. Harrod.
-
-If in these sketches it appears that too much stress is put on minor
-matters, and things of importance but lightly stated, it should be
-remembered that the statements are made from individual observations,
-and the shading must be looked at from the observer's angle of
-observation.
-
-Hereafter, if the boys desire, the story of the regiment may be further
-told.
-
-It will be noticed that but brief mention is made of the officers,
-especially in the chapter upon the Hood Campaign. There is no
-intentional slight in this--a fair share of the officers were on hand
-and did their duty, as is attested by the fact that four of them were
-killed in action and others wounded during that campaign--but the fact
-is that the privates fought the war and the officers got the pay and the
-glory. It was a peculiarity found in the volunteer service--found in the
-army of no other Nation--that however brave and capable the officers of
-the line, a dozen privates in each company were found equally brave and
-capable. The accident of rank should not affect the distribution of
-credit. It is enough to participate in the glory of the boys--too much
-to claim the lion's share.
-
-D. W. COMSTOCK.
-
-
-
-
- SULPHUR BRANCH TRESTLE.
-
-
-On the afternoon of the 22d of September, 1864, the 9th was ordered to
-furnish a force of mounted men to march to Elk River Bridge, on the
-Nashville & Decatur Railroad.
-
-The detail was promptly made from the mounted men of each company, and,
-under command of Major Lilly, senior major of the regiment, started the
-same night. The force leaving Pulaski, consisting of portions of the 9th
-and 10th Indiana Cavalry, being under the command of Colonel Pace, of
-the latter regiment. The command arrived at Elk River Bridge about noon
-of the next day. Intelligence having been received that a rebel force
-was threatening Sulphur Branch Trestle, some miles further south on the
-same railroad, Major Lilly was ordered to report with his command to the
-commander of that post.
-
-Late that afternoon he arrived there and reported to Col. Lathrop,
-commanding the garrison occupying the earth-work constructed with a view
-of protecting the trestle at that point. The garrison consisted of two
-companies of colored troops. After a brief consultation between the
-officers a reconnaissance was determined upon and moved out on the
-Athens road about sunset. About two miles from Sulphur Branch the
-advance guard was fired upon by the pickets of the enemy. Light
-skirmishing ensued, and, night coming on, by the light of the enemy's
-campfires, their camp was reconnoitered, and they were discovered to be
-in heavy force. The enemy thus discovered proved to be the command of
-Gen. N. B. Forrest, estimated at twelve thousand men, with three
-batteries of artillery. On coming from Pulaski a courier line had been
-established, thus keeping open communication between Major Lilly's
-command and headquarters at the latter place. The courier line was under
-the command of Sergeant Anderson, of Company "B." By means of this line
-the situation was reported to Rousseau at Pulaski, and, in response
-thereto, came the order to "hold the fort at all hazards and to the last
-extremity." Major Lilly withdrew his command to the fort and established
-his picket lines. It was then 9 o'clock P. M. This fort was a small,
-four-bastioned earth-work, mounting two twelve-pounder Napoleon guns. It
-was located upon a knoll by the railway trestle, and was commanded by
-higher points within 500 to 800 yards, while on the east side within a
-few hundred feet, rose a higher hill covered with timber. The remainder
-of the night was spent by the men in throwing up traverses and otherwise
-strengthening the fort. Firing commenced on the picket line at midnight.
-It increased as the night advanced until daylight, when it was evident
-the fort was being surrounded, and before sunrise the battle was on. The
-parapets were manned so far as they could be with so small a force. The
-members of the 9th were in position on the south and east parapets, and
-on the southeastern bastion, on their left along the east parapet, were
-about sixty men of the 3d Tennessee Cavalry, under command of Col.
-Minnis, who had been driven into the fort the evening before; the
-remainder of the work was covered by the two companies of Col. Lathrop,
-who also manned the two guns, situated on the northeast and northwest
-bastions. The entire strength of the force called upon to defend the
-fort may thus be fairly estimated at 450 men. The 9th was armed with
-Gallagher carbines, a very ineffective weapon, and on leaving Pulaski
-had but forty rounds of ammunition, and probably not more than thirty
-when the real fighting began.
-
-The attack upon the fort began before sunrise, and at the first onset of
-the enemy, Col. Lathrop was killed. During the brief period in which
-they knew him, Col. Lathrop impressed himself upon the officers and men
-of the 9th as an intelligent and gallant officer; the manner of his
-death was worthy of a soldier.
-
-About 9 o'clock Col. Minnis, who succeeded Col. Lathrop in command, was
-wounded by a piece of shell and carried unconscious into the magazine.
-The command then devolved upon Major Lilly. He was with his men near the
-southeast bastion; they were meeting each successive charge of the enemy
-with well-delivered volleys, waiting for the command to fire; husbanding
-their failing ammunition, the enemy were permitted to come within close
-range, showing a good front, before the order to fire was given.
-Meanwhile the enemy had gained possession of the wooded hill to the east
-of the fort, and their sharp-shooters from the tree-tops had the range
-of every part of the fort, except immediately under the east parapet.
-The artillerymen suffered severely and the brave men of the 9th were
-falling along the lines. The enemy's artillery raked the works from
-every direction with great destruction. From every point except the
-north, where the ground rose gently across the creek into an open plain,
-the rebels were in heavy force and poured into and against the fort an
-incessant fire. Eleven o'clock came, and then, in the lulls of the
-artillery, the gallant defenders of the old flag were gladdened by the
-sounds that told them that reinforcements were engaging the enemy to the
-north toward Elk River bridge, but the sounds grew fainter and died in
-the distance and they knew that from that quarter no help would come.
-Still they hoped for relief and still held the fort. Suddenly across the
-open ground to the north appeared a heavy line of the enemy. Major Lilly
-sent two messengers, one after another, across the fort to warn the
-officer in command of the colored troops and to inspire his men with
-coolness and firmness to meet the impending assault. Both messengers, in
-making the perilous journey, were killed. Lieut. Jones, of Company M,
-then volunteered to go, and in making the attempt was wounded. Placing
-Captain Nation, of Company G, in command of the battalion, Major Lilly
-went himself across the bloody space in safety.
-
-The rebel line halted out of range; within the fort the ground was
-strewn with the dead and wounded. The men of the 9th Cavalry were out of
-ammunition; for two hours they had been whitling Springfield musket
-balls to fit their carbines. The Tennesseeans were out of ammunition;
-thus two-thirds of the line was left without defense. Twelve o'clock
-came, and along the rebel line the bugle sounded "cease firing," and
-from the north across the open plain was borne a flag of truce. It is
-likely that not a member of the 9th had ever seen one before; it is more
-than probable that it was now looked upon with satisfaction. Every man
-had done his whole duty; they had fought like heroes; they had held a
-brave army under a skillful and fighting general in check for a day,
-thus giving Gen. Rosseau time to concentrate at Pulaski, and had
-literally at a great cost, "held the fort at all hazards, and to the
-last extremity."
-
-Major Lilly answered the flag of truce, taking with him the Adjutant of
-the 3d Tennessee, and, meeting Major Strange, Adjutant General of
-Forrest's staff, after the formal salutations, Major Strange handed
-Major Lilly a paper, which read:
-
-"General Forrest demands the immediate and unconditional surrender of
-the United States forces, with all materials and munitions of war, at
-Sulphur Branch Trestle. In case this demand is not instantly complied
-with, General Forrest can not be held responsible for the conduct of his
-men."
-
-After reading this paper Major Lilly said to Major Strange, that Sulphur
-Branch Trestle would never surrender under a threat; that it was a
-humiliation his command would not bear and one that should never be
-asked by a soldier; that it was true his forces had suffered heavily,
-but they had undoubtedly inflicted greater damage upon the enemy; that
-they were still capable of inflicting greater damage; that
-notwithstanding this he felt that they had done their whole duty, and on
-honorable terms he would counsel a surrender. Major Lilly then rode back
-toward the fort, but had not reached it when he was halted by Major
-Strange, who galloped after him, saying that General Forrest wanted an
-interview. He returned and met Generals Forrest and Buford. He then
-repeated to General Forrest what he had said to Major Strange, and
-added, that he did not believe that General Forrest could not control
-his men, and if he did not he would be held responsible. In reply to
-this General Forrest handed him a paper, which read in substance:
-
-"General Forrest demands the immediate surrender of the United States
-forces and materials of war at Sulphur Branch Trestle. All United States
-officers and soldiers will be treated as prisoners of war.
-
-"All officers and soldiers shall retain and be protected in the
-possession of personal property.
-
-"Officers to retain their horses, if personal property, and also to
-retain their side-arms.
-
-"All officers and soldiers to be taken to some point in the States of
-Mississippi or Alabama, and there held for exchange and parole so soon
-as communication can be had with General Washburne at Memphis."
-
-Major Lilly then demanded one hour before giving an answer, meanwhile
-the troops on both sides to remain status quo. The hour was given, and
-he returned to the fort. Colonel Minnis had by this time recovered
-sufficiently to resume command, and a counsel of war was held. The
-counsel was a unit, with the exception of Colonel Minnis, in favor of
-surrender. While the subject was being considered it was reported that
-the enemy were moving troops, and our white flag was immediately taken
-down and firing was reopened; there was a slight reply from the enemy,
-the troops moved back, the bugles on the other side sounded "cease
-firing," and the truce was resumed. Colonel Minnis, on being fully
-informed of the condition of things in the fort, and especially of the
-insufficient supply of ammunition, yielded to the opinion of the
-majority. Major Lilly then returned to the post of the rebel flag of
-truce, accepted the terms offered, and the surrender was made complete.
-The remnants of companies were ordered into line, then stacked arms,
-and, after preparing for the burial of the dead comrades, and the care
-of those who were wounded, marched sadly away.
-
-About twenty-four hours after the surrender the captured troops crossed
-the Tennessee River at Mussel Shoals, some four miles above Florence,
-Ala. The first rations issued to them were issued on the night of
-September 27th, and consisted of old corn on the cob. This was burnt or
-roasted over fire and eaten by those whose appetites were sufficiently
-keen.
-
-On the 28th of September the C. S. A. issued rations to the prisoners
-the second time--this was at Okolona, Mississippi, and consisted of a
-small quantity of flour and an abundance of good water. On the evening
-of that day Capt. Buchanan, of the 15th Tennessee Cavalry, C. S. A.,
-furnished Lieut. Harrod, of Company B, with stationery and kindly
-offered to send a letter through the lines for him. Acting upon the
-generous offer, the Lieutenant wrote to his wife. Written under such
-circumstances, and while the disaster to our regiment was so fresh, the
-letter is certain to be interesting to the 9th. It reached its
-destination after some delay, is still preserved by the wife of the
-general as a precious memento of the war, and is as follows:
-
- OKOLONA, Miss., Sept. 28, 1864.
-
- _Dear Wife_--I address you this note as a prisoner of war. One
- hundred and eighty-seven men of the 9th Indiana Cavalry and three
- hundred mostly 3d Tennessee Cavalry, were sent to Sulphur Branch
- September 24th. Gen. Forrest attacked the place the 25th with about
- 12,000 men. We were about 500. The engagement lasted about four
- hours after we were surrounded. Our loss was heavy. I had with me
- twenty-seven of Company B. I am wounded in right leg. I will get
- over it in a few weeks. The killed are: Wm. Harvey and Joseph
- Hutton; mortally wounded: Corporal Kirkhoff; severe: Sergeant M. B.
- Walker and Private James Hook; slightly: J. J. Winn and G. S.
- Bailey. Prisoners and well are: Orderly J. V. Hinchman, Sergeant Wm.
- Foster, Sergeant A. E. Anderson, Corporal Blessinger, Privates C. H.
- Sears, W. V. Robinson, John Stewart, J. Craining (blacksmith), W. C.
- Warner, R. Scott, J. Holloway, W. Parman, Joseph Grey, B. F. Waller,
- G. B. Wilson, W. P. Read, M. Chauncy and J. Mooney Church; and no
- man of Company B failed to do first-class work. In our capitulation
- it was agreed that we should all be paroled soon. I have no money
- with me and have on my old uniform. It is reported in camp to-night
- that General Forrest has taken Pulaski with 2,000 or 3,000
- prisoners. If true, all the 9th has gone up. We have eighteen miles
- to go yet to the railroad--Cherokee Station. Then it is said we go
- to Meridian, Miss. You will probably not hear from me again until
- paroled. It may be some weeks, and it may be months.
-
- I send this by the kindness of Capt. Buchanan, 15th Tennessee
- Confederate Cavalry.
-
- J. B. HARROD,
- Lt. Company B.
-
-Although by the terms of the capitulation, the officers were allowed to
-retain their horses and side-arms, the real advantage of this
-arrangement was practically not very great. Every night some horses were
-missing, and when Cherokee Station (on the railroad) was reached, there
-were few, if any, officers who knew where their horses were.
-
-The day after leaving Okolona it rained heavily, and the troops encamped
-for the afternoon and night in the open field. Here was issued a little
-fresh beef without salt.
-
-The boys, from the three issues--first of corn, then of flour, then of
-beef,--by this time realized that the commissary of the C. S. A. was not
-liberally supplied, or that those who controlled it were illiberal in
-distribution.
-
-They reached Cherokee Station the next day (29th of September),
-remaining there about thirty hours. At this point all officers and
-soldiers captured at Sulphur Branch Trestle and at Athens, Alabama, on
-the day before, were placed on board two trains of box cars, to be taken
-to Meridian, Lauderdale County, Mississippi. The 9th Indiana and 3d
-Tennessee were loaded on the last train, which was some hours behind the
-first. To each train a guard of about 150 men were detailed. When not
-far from Iuka, the track being wet and the grade heavy, the locomotive
-not of sufficient power to pull the train up, a stop was made to allow
-the track to dry. The officers in charge put out guards and had fires
-made on both sides of the track. The guards were tired and soon became
-sleepy, and there was but one at each fire. Major Lilly conceived the
-idea of capturing the guard, taking possession of and running the train
-to Corinth, and then marching the guards to Memphis under a flag of
-truce as prisoners.
-
-The officers of the 9th Indiana and 3d Tennessee entered cordially into
-the plan and were willing to take the boys' places at the guns. The
-major then going to the officers of the colored troops, awakened up
-their officers and explained his plan to them. They were afraid to
-engage in the enterprise, for lack of confidence in their colored
-troops. Without their co-operation the result seemed too doubtful to
-justify the attempt, and it was not made.
-
-The next day raw "sow-belly" was issued to the boys on the train. At the
-stations sometimes small purchases were made of something to eat. Lieut.
-Harrod remembers buying a piece (3 x 4 inches) of wheat bread of a
-variety he had not seen before, heavy and solid, for which he paid $5
-Confederate money. Arriving at Meridian, they were placed in a small
-stockade, where they remained for a week, from which place the officers
-were moved to Enterprise, Clark County, Miss., and the enlisted men and
-non-commissioned officers to Cahaba, Dallas County, Ala.
-
-The rations at Enterprise consisted of one pint of coarse corn meal to
-each man daily, without salt, and a small piece of "sow-belly." Each
-mess of eight was furnished a skillet and lid to bake bread in. As a
-rule each mess baked twice a day, those of the mess who were well taking
-their turn for a day as cook. It was a part of the duties of the cook to
-divide the bread, taking the last piece for himself. The preparation of
-this bread did not require any special skill nor long experience. The
-art was soon acquired. It was only necessary to mix the water and corn
-meal thoroughly and to grease the skillet with small bits of meat, that
-the bread might be got out without being broken too much.
-
-In October permission was given to buy such eatables as were wanted, but
-not many of the officers could avail themselves of the liberty for want
-of money. Salt was bought for $3 a pound; coffee, $24 a pound; molasses,
-$10 a quart--Confederate money. In the stores, calico sold for $12 and
-$15 a yard; muslin, $15; good boots, $500 a pair; paper of pins, $6.
-These goods had been brought into Mobile through the blockade.
-
-During the latter part of their imprisonment, after the guards had been
-taken off, an invalid Confederate soldier came into the camp with a jug
-of what he called "pine top whisky," and a tin cup. He offered the
-whisky at 50 cents a pint. There was only one colonel in the camp. He
-was an Ohio man. He bought a pint and drank it. He soon passed into an
-unconscious state, in which he remained for forty hours. The "pine top"
-could be depended upon. Some of the boys bought a sample pint, but
-finding it to be so much inferior to the apple jack of Tennessee,
-promptly discarded it.
-
-The prisoners received some courtesies from Major Ward, Commander of the
-Post, and his Adjutant. Upon one occasion, in the absence of the Major,
-his Adjutant felt called upon to show some of the officers of the
-regiment special attention. He invited them to headquarters, extended to
-them the freedom of the establishment, which they accepted with such
-good will that the fun soon become fast and furious. The Adjutant set
-the pace, after a number of healths had been pledged on the absent
-Major's whisky, by breaking a camp stool. This example was followed by
-the invited guests, who joined in demolishing every article of furniture
-in sight. The Adjutant was not in a condition to escort his guests back
-to their camp, but they found their way without difficulty and knew the
-reason for the issuing of an order, which was read to them next morning,
-to the effect that no prisoner should visit headquarters without
-permission of the Major in command.
-
-The monotony and weariness of confinement was sometimes relieved by the
-drollery of those whose love of fun could not easily be suppressed. The
-prisoners were often indebted for a good laugh to Captain Nation, of
-Company G, and Lieut. J. M. Jones, of Company M. A small boy rode into
-the camp the smallest mule our men had ever seen under saddle. Captain
-N.. who was about six feet tall, expressed a desire to ride the
-"critter." The boy dismounted, and the captain, letting out the stirrups
-to their full length, got into the saddle, his feet almost touching the
-ground. After putting the mule through the various paces he announced
-his intention of recruiting a "critter gang" for the Confederacy. Those
-who heard the captain's speech on the occasion will not soon forget its
-general tenor and the impression it made upon them. The speech was made
-from the back of the mule to the Union prisoners, Confederate guards and
-soldiers, citizens and negroes, who were attracted to the place by the
-captain's voice. It is greatly to be regretted that no phonographer was
-present to have taken it down literally as it came from the lips of the
-Hoosier orator, that it might be incorporated in this true history. He
-called for volunteers to uphold the flag of the Confederacy. He said he
-was going to raise a "critter gang company." No one would be required to
-walk and only to ride when it suited him; that the pay would not be any
-object; that each private would be furnished with a "critter" in size
-and color like the one he then rode, and should have a nigger to feed
-and care for him; that this variety was superior to all others and had
-been bred especially for the Confederate service, easy to mount and not
-dangerous to fall from; that only a limited number of volunteers would
-be received, and that now was the time to subscribe. The captain held
-the undivided attention of his audience, surprising and entertaining
-them with his wit and humor for a half hour, and dismounted and retired
-amid great applause.
-
-While at Enterprise our men were almost entirely shut out from the
-world. The Mobile Register, costing 50 cents a copy, was occasionally to
-be had, and, unrelished and unsatisfactory as it was, yet was sought and
-read with great eagerness.
-
-The privates and non-commissioned officers were marched from Meridian,
-Miss., to Cahaba, Ala. This was a violation of the spirit if not the
-letter of the terms of the surrender. On the march some ten days were
-consumed. They were placed in a pen or stockade and were subjected to
-the usual process of searching, and anything of any value found on their
-persons appropriated by their captors. They were not the first occupants
-of the pen. It already contained Union prisoners, literally
-half-clothed, some having only a shirt, some pantaloons without shirt,
-and some only a part of pantaloons, and all alive with grey-backs. The
-rations issued were substantially the same as those issued to the
-officers, consisting of one pint of corn meal a day and a piece of fresh
-pork, one inch square every other day, although some times the
-authorities forgot or failed to issue the rations for a day or two, very
-much to the disgust of the boys. If the prisoners had been fastidious or
-over-particular they might have complained of the custom to the prison
-authorities, which cut up the meats for distribution on the same log on
-which the dead soldiers were placed before burial. A Dutch skillet was
-allowed to each mess of ten men, as the only cooking utensil. During the
-time of their imprisonment the rains were frequent and heavy, and the
-cooking being done out of doors, our men were obliged often to partially
-shelter the fire with their bent bodies while cooking, to prevent the
-fires from being put out. The wood used for fuel was green white pine.
-The Alabama River overflowed its banks and for two weeks the pen was
-flooded, the water standing from two to four feet in depth. Cord-wood
-was floated in, out of which scaffolding was constructed by the
-prisoners to keep themselves out of the water. During this time the
-rations were eaten raw. It is needless to say that under such
-conditions, without shelter, exposed to the rain, but poorly fed, men
-died every day from exposure and want, and that those who survived were
-weak as children. Their imprisonment which seemed so long to them, at
-last was ended. The officers were sent North on parole December 10,
-1864, but the enlisted men not until April, 1865, at which date they
-were started North, and in their enfeebled condition, although buoyed up
-by the hope of meeting friends and seeing home, it took them five days
-to march from Jackson to Black River bridge, a distance of forty miles,
-and when they came into the camp of their old regiment these brave
-fellows looked so gaunt, famished and woe-begone that they were but
-counterfeits of their former selves.
-
-The terms of the surrender may be said to have been fairly observed,
-except that the colored soldiers were sent to Mobile to labor at the
-salt-works. Their officers shared the fortunes of the officers of the
-white troops. Most of the prisoners of this expedition took passage soon
-after their arrival at Vicksburg on the steamer Sultana, an account of
-the wreck of which is given hereafter.
-
-During their imprisonment, the officers were treated fairly well. They
-were kept in prison at Meridian, Miss., about a week. The prison was a
-stockade made of poles with the ends in the ground and a scaffolding
-around the outside, near the top, on which the vigilant Johnny sentinel
-paced his beat. There was a dead line within the stockade, to which our
-boys paid marked respect. There were two log cabins in the centre of the
-stockade, entirely destitute of furniture, paved with sand and the
-steady companion of the boys--the gray-back. There were probably more
-gray-backs than grains of sand. They kept the boys employed when
-otherwise time would have lagged most slowly. The boys were not without
-money (I speak of the officers). They had dead loads of Confederate New
-Issue. They sold their horses for $600 to $1,000 a piece. It was a poor
-scrub that would not bring $600 in the market of Meridian. Watches
-brought from $500 to $1,500; knives and cork-screws from $50 to $100,
-and other articles in proportion. The people had the money and wanted to
-get rid of it. They were permitted to buy what the town afforded--not
-furnished in their rations, which were liberal in bacon, corn meal, and
-salt. After a week at Meridian, they were sent to Enterprise, a village
-fifteen miles below Meridian. When unguarded, they were put on their
-parole of honor not to leave the limits of the town. They took
-possession of a big tobacco warehouse, converting it into a dormitory
-and headquarters, but took their meals at the houses of the citizens in
-town, they being glad to take the rations of the boys, with what else
-they could buy, and a consideration in New Issue, in exchange for table
-board. Early in December they marched from Enterprise to Memphis. There
-they were ordered to report at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, where they
-were exchanged and reported to the regiment at Gravelly Springs, Ala.,
-late in January, 1865.
-
-The following officers of the regiment were in the action of Sulphur
-Branch Trestle:
-
- Major Eli Lilly.
- Captain Nation.
- Lieutenant Harrod.
- Lieutenant J. W. Watts.
- Lieutenant Dunlevy.
- Lieutenant Canfield.
- Lieutenant Leisure.
- Lieutenant Riley.
- Lieutenant Jones.
- Acting Adjutant Geo. Armstrong.
- Assistant Surgeon E. W. Magann.
-
- Lieutenant Leisure, wounded, but not taken prisoner.
-
-Surgeon Magann was left to care for the wounded. They were not made
-prisoners, the enemy leaving them behind in their march. Lieut. Jones
-was slightly wounded by concussion of a shell, being insensible for a
-portion of the battle, but recovered before it ended.
-
-The following is a list of those who were either killed or mortally
-wounded:
-
- Chauncey Kimball, Co. A.
- William Harvey, Co. B.
- Joseph Hutton, Co. B.
- Charles A. Kirkhoff, Co. B.
- Andrew J. McGahey, Co. B.
- Charles Beckly, Co. H.
- Cassander T. Houston, Co. B.
- Stephen A. Woodruff, Co. B.
- Henry Dorman, Co. K.
- Abram S. Foreman, Co. K.
- Curtis W. Hancock, Co. K.
- George Myers, Co. K.
- Josiah Saucer, Co. K.
- William Torney, Co. L.
- William S. Peckham, Co. L.
- John J. Maple, Co. M.
- Levi Maple, Co. M.
- George H. McGee, Co. M.
- Lewis Pickering, Co. M.
- Sergeant Peckham, Co. M, killed.
- Henry G. Hiatt, Co. G, killed.
-
-The following are the names of those who were made prisoners and died in
-rebel prisons:
-
- Henry A. Rariden, Co. A, starvation.
- John Robert, Co. A, starvation.
- Clay Trahune, Co. A, exposure and starvation.
- W. J. Foster, Co. B, exposure and starvation.
- George O. Houston, Co. D.
- Kelita Mendenhall, Co. E, exposure and starvation.
- Lewis Jones, Co. G, exposure and starvation.
- George W. Bowers, Co. G, exposure and starvation.
- John R. Williams, Co. H, exposure and starvation.
- Henry Brown, Co. M, exposure and starvation.
- Columbus Jessup, Co. M, exposure and starvation.
-
-The following were made prisoners at Sulphur Branch Trestle and lost by
-the explosion and burning of the steamer Sultana, on the Mississippi
-River, a few miles above Memphis, on the morning of April 27th, 1865:
-
- Daniel Curtis, Co. A.
- Patrick Day, Co. A.
- Frederick Blessinger, Co. B.
- Charles E. Church, Co. B.
- Ephraim Parman, Co. B.
- John Stenarl, Co. B.
- John M. Englehart, Co. C.
- Warren A. Huckens, Co. C.
- Wm. H. H. Wood, Co. D.
- John Bonner, Co. F.
- Charles W. Clevenger, Co. G.
- Jonathan R. Downing, Co. G.
- George Downing, Co. G.
- William H. Graves, Co. G.
- William C. Hooper, Co. G.
- Charles W. M. King, Co. G.
- John M. Maynard, Co. G.
- Enoch T. Nation, Co. G.
- James C. Olon, Co. G.
- Martin V. Rodeporch, Co. G.
- John R. Reasoner, Co. G.
- Nathan Thornburg, Co. G.
- Franklin Ballenger, Co. H.
- James Bell, Co. H.
- Alonzo Dunham, Co. H.
- George W. Delano, Co. H.
- Josiah Pratt, Co. H.
- John W. Shull, Co. H.
- Hiram Bailey, Co. K.
- John W. Emmons, Co. K.
- George S. Fisher, Co. K.
- Jacob Hurald, Co. K.
- Henry Newton, Co. K.
- William F. Rea, Co. K.
- Joseph Survaul, Co. K.
- George H. Shockley, Co. K.
- Darius Stevens, Co. K.
- Matthew Zix, Co. K.
- James N. Christian, Co. L.
- Robert A. Morehouse, Co. L.
- Leander McCartney, Co. L.
- John M. Armstrong, Co. M.
- Joseph D. Alexander, Co. M.
- William Brigg, Co. M.
- George W. Blake, Co. M.
- Nathan E. Gruell, Co. M.
- Enos Halloway, Co. M.
- William H. Huffman, Co. M.
- James M. Isentrager, Co. M.
- Samuel King, Co. M.
- Franklin Ridley, Co. M.
-
- Total killed at Sulphur Branch Trestle, 21
- Died in prison, 11
- Lost on the Sultana, 51
- --
- 83
-
- NOTE.--The last dispatch sent out of the fort the day of the
- surrender was carried by John McCorkle, of Company B, and a member
- of the 3d Tennessee Cavalry. They left the fort about 7 o'clock A.
- M., and accomplished the feat by their coolness and "bold riding."
-
-
-
-
- SULPHUR BRANCH TRESTLE.
- BY CORPORAL J. A. BROWN, CO. L.
-
-
-On Sunday, the 25th day of September, 1864, the mounted portion of the
-9th Indiana Cavalry, about two hundred in number, were called to do
-battle at Sulphur Branch Trestle, Alabama. Firing began on the skirmish
-lines at 5 o'clock in the morning, and was kept up at a lively rate
-until about 8 o'clock, when the battle began in earnest. There were with
-us about one hundred of the Third Tennessee Cavalry, and there were also
-about three hundred colored troops that were stationed in the fort. We
-were ordered to dismount and corral our horses and climb the hill and
-enter the fort, except myself and ten men, who were ordered to guard the
-horses, until the battle became so hot that it was considered unsafe to
-remain outside of the fort. We remained with the horses until a
-cannon-ball or slug or something of the kind--anyhow, it was something
-from a rebel gun--landed in about fifteen feet of us. It tore a hole in
-the ground large enough to bury a small-sized cow, and threw dirt all
-over us. We then thought it was time to desert the horses and let them
-take care of themselves, and climb the hill and get into the fort as
-soon as we could conveniently without hurting ourselves, and up the hill
-we went, and when we arrived at the entrance to the fort we asked where
-the 9th Indiana Cavalry was stationed. We were told that they were on
-the opposite side of the fort. So we had to go through the center of the
-fort to get to where our boys were stationed. That was the most
-dangerous trip I ever experienced in my life. There were a lot of
-barracks in the fort and the rebel cannon were playing on them and
-knocking them all to pieces, and throwing the loose boards in every
-direction. It made the hair raise on our heads as we went dodging
-through the barracks among the flying boards and shell and cannon ball,
-but we finally got to our men in safety.
-
-The colonel commanding the fort was killed in the beginning of the
-battle, and Major Lilly, of our regiment, took command, and, by the way,
-Major Lilly was a hustler. He was one of the bravest officers that ever
-went to the front. During the hottest of the battle one of our men got
-scared so badly that he wanted to surrender. So he pulled off his shirt
-and placed it upon the end of his bayonet and held it up as a flag of
-truce. That got the enemy excited and they went for us hotter than ever.
-They made charge after charge, but some of our boys pulled that old
-dirty shirt down and made the fellow put it on again. We kept the rebs
-at bay as long as we had ammunition, but at 1 o'clock we were out of
-ammunition, and there we were about 800 strong, with no ammunition and
-surrounded by ten thousand rebels. So we surrendered. We were then
-conducted out of the fort and taken to the woods and a rebel guard
-placed around us until they got ready to start to Dixie with us. While
-we were waiting there a rebel captain that some of our boys had shot in
-the heel in the fight rode around among us and cussed us for an hour. He
-swore that if he knew which one of us damned Yanks it was that shot him
-in the heel he would shoot his heart out. But we did not tell who it
-was, and I don't think he has found out to this day.
-
-Well, along towards night the rebs got ready to start with us for Dixie.
-Then fun began; we marched nearly all night through the mud and under
-rebel guard. Sometime after midnight we were halted and allowed to lie
-down in the woods on the ground without undressing, but before daylight
-we were rousted out and on the go again. This kind of business was kept
-up for three long days, until we had marched something over one hundred
-miles, with about enough to eat to make one good square meal. With the
-Alabama red mud enough sticking to each foot to make about three brick
-we finally arrived at Tuscumbia, Ala., where the rebs were operating a
-kind of a one-horse railroad. There they piled us into a couple of
-freight trains and we were hauled around over half of the State of
-Mississippi and back again into Alabama, and were finally landed at
-Cahaba, Ala., at the end of ten days from the time we were made
-prisoners. We were then stripped and examined, and robbed of everything
-that we possessed that was of any value. We were then marched into the
-prison pen. The prison pen was a large cotton warehouse, surrounded by a
-stockade with an elevated walk around the outside of the building. On
-this walk the rebel guards were stationed about every forty feet with
-loaded guns ready and anxious to kill any poor Yankee who might see fit
-to set a foot across the dead line. There was also a walk on the inside
-of the building around next to the wall, and a rebel guard was stationed
-there about forty feet apart. The dead line was a mark they made about
-eight feet from the inside wall, all around the inside of the building,
-and no prisoner was allowed to step across that line. If he did the
-orders were to shoot him on the spot, and the order was obeyed to the
-letter, but we were generally careful to keep off of that dead line.
-
-I shall never forget the morning that we were first marched inside of
-that prison. The old prisoners that were there before us on seeing us
-march in all seemed glad to see us, and yelled at the top of their
-voices, "Fresh fish! fresh fish! Hands on your pocket-books," just as if
-we had not already been robbed of everything we had by the rebs. But we
-soon got used to that for we had not been there long until we yelled
-"fresh fish" to other new prisoners that kept coming in every few days.
-There were on an average about three thousand of us there during the six
-months that we were there. Sometimes there were as many as thirty-five
-hundred of us. When there was that many we could not all lie down at one
-time inside of the prison. There was a cook yard in front of the prison
-about seventy-five feet square, enclosed with a stockade. We were
-allowed to pass out into the cook yard during the day so that we could
-cook the little grub that was allowed us. Our rations consisted of one
-pint of corn meal per day and a piece of fresh pork, about one inch
-square, every other day, but that was not issued to us very regular.
-Sometimes they would forget to issue rations to us for a day or so at a
-time. It did not seem to disturb the rebels in the least to forget to
-issue rations to us. We were divided into messes consisting of ten men
-to the mess, and every ten men were allowed one old-fashioned Dutch
-skillet and lid. In this we did the entire cooking for the ten men or
-mess. So we were engaged in cooking all day, if we happened to have
-enough to cook to keep the skillet going. It rained nearly the entire
-time we were there. It seemed to us that it rained at least forty days
-in each month, consequently we had to do the most of our cooking in the
-rain. I have stood in a stooping position over the skillet for hours at
-a time to keep the rain from drowning out the fire while cooking. Our
-wood that we used for cooking with was generally green white pine,
-nearly as hard to burn as green buckeye. We were allowed to go outside
-of the prison to carry the wood in. They would let five of us out to the
-wood-pile at a time; we would rush out and chop a load of wood and then
-carry it in. We would form what we called the wood line, and go out as
-our turns would come. I have stood in the wood line many times for a
-half day at a time in the rain, and then perhaps I would not get to go
-out after wood. We would do this work by turns and when we were not busy
-in this way were busy fighting "gray-backs." That part of the business
-we had to attend to whether we got dinner or not, for if we had
-neglected to kill off the "gray-backs" once a day at least we were in
-danger of being eaten up alive.
-
-We had a regular police force of our own men. It consisted of about
-thirty men. It was their duty to keep order in the prison and to punish
-any one who did not conduct himself in a proper manner. If any two got
-into a fight the police would at once form a ring and let them fight it
-out. They would make it their business to see fair play. There were
-three or four fights in the prison every day. That was a natural
-consequence where there were so many men huddled in together that it was
-almost impossible for them all to lie down at one time, and
-half-starved, it was natural for some of them to get cross and be ready
-to get up and fight at a moment's notice; but they were so weak and in
-such a famished condition that they seldom ever hurt one another in a
-fight. We also had a few dishonest men in the prison; they would steal
-anything they could get their hands upon. The police would sometimes
-punish them very severely for their misdemeanors--such as stealing, but
-there was no punishment for a fair fist fight.
-
-We undertook to break out of the prison one morning about 4 o'clock, and
-captured all the rebel guards inside the prison. We took their guns from
-them and put them in the privy and placed a guard over them and kept
-them there nearly an hour, but the rebels on the outside got wind of it
-a little too soon for us, and there happened to be more rebel soldiers
-there at that time than they usually kept at that point; they rolled a
-big cannon up to the door of the prison and scared us out of the notion
-of breaking out at that time. The rebs called that a mutiny and issued
-an order that we should have nothing to eat until we delivered up the
-leaders of the mutiny. Then we thought that starvation stared us in the
-face sure, for we had no idea that there was one among our number that
-would give away the leaders; but alas! the leaders were sadly
-disappointed, for after three days of starvation, some one--I never
-could find out who he was--got so hungry that he gave the plot away and
-informed on about twenty of the leaders. The rebs took the informer out
-of the prison at once and gave him his freedom for his information. If
-they had not taken him out of the prison he would have fared badly among
-the prisoners for being a traitor.
-
-They took the leaders of the mutiny out and punished them in various
-ways. Some they put in dungeons, some in chains, and one fellow was
-sentenced to be put in a four-foot square box for one hundred days. Some
-of them were never heard of by us after they were taken out. We supposed
-that they were killed. We were always scheming for some place to get
-out. So the next thing we were up to was tunneling out. We had a tunnel
-dug about fifty feet, and in a few more days our tunnel would have let
-us out on the bank of the river, when the river raised and filled our
-tunnel full of water, so that was all work for nothing. I had two
-special friends as fellow prisoners--George W. Addington and William
-Collins. We three stuck together like brothers. One day the rebs took
-Addington out. Myself and Collins did not know what had become of him.
-We thought that, perhaps, they had killed him for some imaginary
-offence. Well, things went on as usual for about a week when a reb came
-in and took Collins out, and no explanation was given, so we thought
-that he was gone up also, but in another week the same reb came in and
-called for me. That scared me nearly out of my boots, for I thought my
-time had come sure, but to my surprise he took me to the hospital where
-I found my friends Addington and Collins busily engaged in washing
-clothes for the hospital. I will say now before I go further that the
-hospital was for Federal prisoners only, and they required prisoners to
-do all the work about the hospital. Addington had managed in some way to
-get the job of washing for the hospital, and as soon as he could make an
-excuse for calling in help he sent for Collins and myself. We got that
-washing business down to a regular system. We would wash sheets and
-pillow-slips on Monday, shirts and drawers on Tuesday, colored clothes
-on Wednesday, odds and ends on Thursday, and on Friday we would boil
-"gray-backs," that is, we would wash the clothes of prisoners that came
-out to the hospital sick. When a prisoner was brought out of the prison
-sick they would take him to an out house, strip him of his prison
-clothes, and take him to another room and put hospital clothes on him,
-and every Friday we had to boil and wash all clothes that accumulated in
-that way. Sometimes it would be a sickening job, but it was far better
-than lying in prison. We three had to work about four hours each day.
-This gave us about half work and we received about half enough to eat at
-the hospital, except occasionally we got something extra. We got it in
-this way: The managers of the hospital were all rebs and aristocrats,
-and they had negro women to carry their meals to their private rooms. Of
-course they got plenty to eat and sometimes there was something left.
-This the waiters always saved for us, and about two or three times a
-week, after dark, our door would be pushed open and we would see a tin
-pan slip in and it always had something in it good to eat, such as cold
-biscuits and cold beef-steak, and it was always good, and we felt very
-thankful to the colored people that run such risk in furnishing it to
-us, for if they had been caught at it they would have been punished
-severely for it. We were not allowed to speak to any of the colored
-attendants about the hospital, but we often talked to them when there
-were no rebs in sight. I once saw a prisoner that was sick but
-convalescing so that he was able to walk about some, come out of the
-ward in search of a fresh drink of water. He asked a colored woman for a
-tin cup to drink out of, and the rebel doctor happened to hear him, and
-he was sent to the prison for the offence. The next morning the poor
-fellow was brought back on a stretcher dead. About the first of March,
-1865, the Alabama river raised and overflowed and spread itself all over
-the town and was from two to four feet deep inside of the prison. Our
-boys had a terrible time of it then for about two weeks. The rebs
-floated wood inside the prison for the prisoners to roost on. Our boys
-had to eat what little grub they got raw, and sleep while sitting on a
-pile of wood. This happened while I was at the hospital, consequently I
-missed the fun of having to sit on a wood pile for two weeks and eat raw
-grub. While at the hospital we always had hash for dinner. I remember
-one day the hash had soured, and we liked it better, because it made a
-change. About the time the river went down to its proper level we were
-all paroled; then we started for Vicksburg by rail until we got to
-Jackson, Miss., about fifty miles south of Vicksburg; there we had to
-take it afoot. It took me just eight days to walk from Jackson, Miss.,
-to Black River, forty miles. When I got there, there was just one man
-with me, about twenty behind us, the others being ahead of us. At Black
-River there was a pontoon bridge--a rebel guard on the south side and a
-Yankee guard on the north side. We arrived there about sundown and had
-to stay on the rebel side all night. Our boys on the north side were
-allowed to bring us over some coffee and hard-tack, which we enjoyed
-very much, as it was the first coffee that we had tasted for six long
-months. The next morning we were transferred to the north side and
-amongst friends. We staid at the hospital in Vicksburg a few days and
-then took a hospital boat for St. Louis, and from there home.
-
-
-
-
- LYNNVILLE.
-
-
-While stationed at Pulaski, Tenn., details from the regiment were
-frequently ordered out upon reconnoitering parties, and upon these
-occasions generally met Roddy, Duke, Wheeler, or other cavalry
-commanders in that department, in skirmishes, which, as a rule, were
-bloodless. They were all exciting, however, and accustomed the boys to
-the use of their carbines. Of these affairs, what was termed in the
-regiment as "The Lynnville Fight," was the most sensational, and
-resulted in more racket than was ever raised by the same number of men
-in so short a time.
-
-On Sunday, September 2, 1864, at 8 o'clock A. M., pursuant to orders,
-the regiment marched out on the Nashville Pike, Companies B and L in the
-advance. The movement was occasioned by reports to the effect that
-Wheeler with a considerable body was in the neighborhood with the
-purpose of destroying the railroad. After advancing about six miles a
-message was received by courier from Capt. Owings, of Co. F, occupying
-with his company the block house near Lynnville, for the purpose of
-protecting the railroad, to the effect that the rebels were in town in
-heavy force, and that he would not be able to hold his position long.
-
-Major Lilly was ordered to go to his relief with seventy men of
-Companies B and L. Advancing at a gallop, Lieut. Harrod, with sixteen
-men of Company B, leading the column, within one-half or three-quarters
-of a mile of the town, from a slight elevation, a full view was obtained
-of the rebels. Halting for a moment, Major Lilly ordered a charge to be
-made with the sabre. Harrod, with his sixteen men in advance, supported
-by the fifty-five B and L men, under command of the Major, forming
-quickly, were soon observed by the rebels. The advance was formed in
-double, the support in single rank. The orders "forward," "trot,"
-"gallop," "charge," were given in quick succession, and in a moment all
-were hidden in a cloud of dust. The rebels in the town proved to be the
-3d and 4th Georgia Cavalry. The attack was a surprise to them. Lieut.
-Harrod, being at the front and right of his platoon, had a fair view of
-the town and the enemy, and as the charge was made, says the Georgia
-boys began to run when our advance was fully a quarter of a mile away,
-and when they reached the south side of the town the Johnnies were going
-out of the north side in great haste and apparent confusion. For the
-next five minutes the race was lively. Our boys returned their sabres to
-their scabbards and drawing their carbines and revolvers began firing.
-The rebels threw away in their haste guns, blankets, haversacks, muster
-rolls, and whatever encumbered them; and between the discharge of
-fire-arms, the shouts of our men and the clatter of the horses' hoofs,
-the natives were thoroughly aroused. The pursuit was kept up for about
-five miles, the fleeing Johnnies making a stand upon coming up to the
-main force of Wheeler's rear guard. Two of the enemy were killed and
-eight captured. The wounded, if any there were, made their escape.
-
-Corporal George R. Parsons, Co. B, mounted on a fast horse, was said to
-have got nearer the body of the enemy's forces than any other man. Capt.
-Nation, who was with the regiment without his company, by special
-permission, with a blow of his sabre delivered upon the side of the
-head, after a command to halt, unseated a Confederate, mounted upon a
-large mule. The mule got away. William Johnson was slightly cut by a
-ball, and the horse of Sergt. Foster was badly shot. Capts. Wall, Nation
-and Moorehouse took part in the charge. The boys, in the presence of
-Wheeler's rear guard, and so near his main body of perhaps 8,000 men,
-did not care to push matters further, and so quietly withdrew to
-Lynnville for refreshments, and to rest their horses.
-
-General Rousseau was near Wheeler's rear and left flank. Wheeler was
-between us with only one way open to the South. During the after part of
-the night Wheeler moved in the direction of Lawrenceburg, and the 9th
-was ordered back to Pulaski. On Monday evening, September 3d, the 9th
-was ordered to Lawrenceburg to head off Wheeler if possible. Rousseau
-was pressing him with between 2,000 and 4,000 infantry and artillery.
-Wheeler's forces were estimated at 8,000--nearly all mounted, with a
-battery of light artillery. His artillery was used very little. The 9th
-reached Lawrenceburg about 7 o'clock on the morning of the 4th, just in
-time to see the 9th Ohio Cavalry assist Wheeler's rear guard out of
-town. About 8 o'clock A. M. the 10th Indiana Cavalry was ordered to the
-front and became engaged with a strong rear guard of the enemy in a
-thick wood. They drove them back two or three miles, when the 10th was
-in turn pressed back. Major Lilly, who was with Gen. Granger when it was
-reported to him that the 10th Indiana had been driven back, requested of
-the general that he be permitted to take his battalion to the front. The
-general, who had heard of the efficient manner in which the Lynnville
-affair had been conducted, granted the request. Col. Jackson received
-permission to lead the remainder of the regiment.
-
-By order the troops on the road for a mile withdrew to the right and
-left, and the 9th was given free passage. The position occupied by the
-10th Cavalry was soon reached. They were in a narrow valley; the rebels
-on the ridge above them--the 9th on the opposite hill. It was fortunate
-for the 9th that the rebels made the mistake so often made in
-engagements--shot too high--the balls rattling in the tree-tops above
-their heads. A rapid fire at will was ordered and the lines were closed.
-The 9th advanced steadily, firing over the 10th Indiana, which soon
-moved out of the way by the flank, giving the 9th an open field. The
-Confederates did not long await the coming of the 9th, but, after a few
-volleys, fell back. Again making a stand and forming, the 9th hurries
-without a halt or hesitation, steadily presses them hard, beating them
-back from occasional stands for a distance of four miles, when Wheeler
-corraled his train, threw down the fences and brought his artillery into
-position. The boys were hot and tired, and concluded they did not want
-to take his artillery and rested. The offer of battle thus made by
-Wheeler to Granger was not accepted for reasons not known to the world.
-The opportunity was a good one and those generals had been ostensibly
-looking for Wheeler. Wheeler had the advantage, to be sure, in numbers,
-of perhaps 2,000 men, and these generals did not know at that time the
-superior material they had under their command. Wheeler began to move,
-and the 10th and 12th Tennessee Cavalry relieved the 9th. After some
-desultory firing, Wheeler was permitted without further serious
-annoyance to cross the Tennessee River. There is where the Federal
-generals desired to drive him, and so the object of the expedition was
-successful and Wheeler's attempt to destroy the railroad a failure.
-
-The loss to the enemy was 25 killed and 150 wounded. The 9th lost none
-killed and none seriously wounded.
-
-September 5th the regiment reached Athens, Ala. September 6th returned
-by Elk River to Mussel Shoals and Shoal Creek, going into camp at night
-on the bank of the stream, with the other bank held by a Confederate
-force under command of a Col. Anderson. The bridge spanning the stream
-being unsafe for horses, on the 7th the regiment crossed by a dangerous
-ford, Companies B and L in advance, and soon engaged with Anderson, who
-was driven to Florence, Ala., a distance of seven miles, in about four
-hours, near which place he succeeded in crossing the Tennessee River.
-
-
-
-
- THE REPUBLIC OF JONES.
-
-
-While held at Enterprise, our men learned of the existence of a
-government within the State of Mississippi, of which most readers of
-history are to this day ignorant. They were informed that early in the
-days of secession Jones County, which touches Clarke County on the
-southwest, by its leading citizens, withdrew from the Confederacy,
-declaring themselves a free and independent people, organized a special
-and distinct government, under the name of the "Republic of Jones,"
-adopted a constitution modeled after that of the United States, elected
-a President and officers of State, and refused to contribute men or
-money to the cause of the Rebellion. The census of 1860 gives the
-population of Jones County at 3,323. So that the standing army of Jones
-could not, if made up of the able-bodied males, have been very
-formidable.
-
-The cause which compelled the brave people of Jones to sever their
-connection with the most of mankind, seems to have been plunder. In the
-absence of C. S. A. troops, marauding parties sallied forth, capturing
-mules, horses, cotton, grain, and whatever else could be easily
-transferred, and when pursued or upon the approach of troops, hastily
-retreated and disbanded, seeking safety in swamps or other places
-difficult of access, remaining in hiding until the apparent danger had
-passed. It is stated that the Republic did not in any manner contribute
-to the cause of the C. S. A.
-
-While the prisoners never became thoroughly posted in the principles of
-that Republic it looked at one time as if they would get, in an
-unpleasant manner, a knowledge of its practical workings. Enterprise was
-about forty miles from the seat of government of Jones. Held at
-Enterprise were about 100 officers of various regiments, (some of
-colored troops,) besides the officers of the 9th Cavalry and 3d
-Tennessee Cavalry captured at Sulphur Branch Trestle. The commander of
-the post was a Major Edward Ward, a resident of Indiana before the war,
-who had gone South in 1858, engaged in business, became identified with
-the people and interests of that section, and united his fortunes with
-those of the Confederacy at the breaking out of the war. He had not been
-so long away from the North as to have grown indifferent to his old
-home--he still had a soft place in his heart for Indiana. He invited the
-officers of the 9th to his headquarters and treated them as hospitably
-as his position and condition would allow. At roll-call at 10 o'clock,
-October 15, 1864, Major Ward informed the prisoners that he had just
-received information through his scouts that the Republic of Jones was
-threatening to capture the prison camp and massacre the prisoners, for
-the alleged reason that the imprisoned officers had commanded negro
-troops. He said he would not be able to protect them against the
-superior force and did not know what to do. The proposition of Major
-Lilly, following the announcement of the commander of the post, must
-have been in the nature of a surprise: "If you can not protect us allow
-us to protect ourselves." Major Ward asked what he meant by that. Major
-Lilly explained that he meant that the commander should place arms and
-ammunition in the hands of the prisoners, and then if they were murdered
-no blame could attach to him. Major Ward said that the arming of
-prisoners was without precedent, and would certainly be dangerous when
-they were numerically stronger than their guard. Major Lilly admitted
-that the proceeding was unusual, but the circumstances justified the
-innovation, and proposed that all the prisoners pledge their honor as
-officers and men to use the arms only in defence of themselves against
-the anticipated attack, and to surrender them when the danger was ended.
-The pledge was taken, and in the afternoon two wagon loads of muskets
-and one of ammunition were delivered to the prisoners, the guards were
-taken off, and each officer selected his gun and put it in condition for
-immediate use. Lieut. Harrod, who had not sufficiently recovered the use
-of his leg--wounded at Sulphur Branch Trestle--to be able to walk, was
-confined to the camp. Thus armed and equipped, the unwonted spectacle
-was presented of the Yank and Johnny marching side by side against the
-common enemy--Major Lilly, in the full uniform of the United States
-Army, with his gun at a right shoulder, by the side of a rebel, marching
-in the picket squad to the front. It was perhaps the earliest instance
-of the fraternizing of the Blue and the Gray.
-
-The prisoners remained on duty three days and nights without being
-attacked. The enemy had learned that their plans were discovered and
-preparations made to meet them. A fight upon fair terms was not what
-they wanted, and they had withdrawn.
-
-True to their pledged word the prisoners surrendered and stacked their
-arms--no gun nor man missing. They had shown that they were as honorable
-as brave, and from that time until they were sent North they were
-allowed greater freedom of movement--the guards simply patroled the
-camp. Citizens were allowed free access to camp, but the prisoners were
-not permitted to talk to them or the negroes on politics or the war.
-
-
-
-
- THE HOOD CAMPAIGN.
-
-
-Atlanta had fallen. Sherman, before starting on his "march to the sea,"
-detached the Fourth and Twenty-fourth Corps, under command of Schofield,
-and sent them by forced march to Pulaski to watch Hood, who was at
-Florence, and to retard his advance into Tennessee until Thomas, who was
-at Nashville, could concentrate enough troops to--as Sherman pithily
-said--"take care of him." The main body of the 9th Cavalry had shortly
-before this been sent to Nashville to secure horses for mounting the
-regiment; a small number of each company only remained to guard the camp
-and stores.
-
-About the 15th of November the forces from "the front" arrived, and soon
-our peaceful camp was the scene of warlike preparation. The beautiful
-slope which we had so long occupied was cut into rifle-pits, and just
-north of regimental headquarters a breast-work was raised, commanding
-the approaches from south and east.
-
-Receiving information that indicated an advance of the enemy on Columbia
-by the way of Winchester, the works were abandoned. The infantry took up
-their line of march for Columbia, and the remnant of the 9th hastily
-loaded the camp equipments and stores and boarded the train for
-Nashville on the 23d of November, arrived on the morning of the 24th,
-and rejoined the main body who were encamped across the river in
-Edgefield. The remounting being completed, the cavalry forces at
-Nashville were rapidly organized as the seventh division of the cavalry
-corps--Gen. Knipe commanding. The first brigade, Gen. J. H. Hammond
-commanding, was composed of the 9th and 10th Indiana, the 2d and 4th
-Tennessee and 19th Pennsylvania.
-
-On the 27th the first brigade moved through the city and down the
-Franklin Pike a few miles and went into camp; on the 28th, passed
-through Franklin to Spring Hill and went into camp, awaiting orders from
-the front. On the 29th moved to the left of the Columbia Pike and were
-all day in the saddle marching and counter-marching, slowly falling
-back, almost constantly within hearing of the fighting at the front.
-
-On the night of the 29th marched across to the Triune Pike to repel an
-alleged flanking movement of the enemy, who failed to appear at that
-point. At day-light we went into camp, and after a hasty breakfast,
-snatched an hour of needed sleep. Soon the unwelcome "boots and saddles"
-sounded, and we resumed our weary waiting and watching, nearly always
-within sound of musketry, but not seeing the rebels nor hearing the
-"zip" of the unfriendly bullet. We marched and counter-marched, always
-halting nearer Nashville.
-
-To those of us who had not yet seen a rebel under arms the suspense, the
-constant expectation of battle, was more trying than actual fighting
-afterwards proved. On this day when the sound of musketry drew nearer
-and nearer, we were drawn up in line, and with drawn sabres awaited the
-appearance of the enemy and an order to "charge." Expectation sat in a
-thousand pale faces as
-
- "Each looked to sun and stream and plain
- As what they ne'er might see again."
-
-Suddenly the rattle of musketry seemed to roll away and all was still.
-Another time when the sound of battle approached our position, we
-dismounted and in line awaited the onset.
-
-In the evening the distant boom of cannon announced that a battle was on
-somewhere, and while we sat on our horses, weary but alert, the bloody
-battle of Franklin was being fought miles away. At last night fell, and
-exhausted men and horses sank gratefully to sleep.
-
-Our camp was at the base of a wooded hill, in a field adjoining the
-Nolansville Pike. Next morning, December 1st, the horses, that had not
-been unsaddled, were put in line and held while breakfast was prepared
-and eaten. Before this was completed out-post firing was heard--a
-cavalryman came galloping, saying the enemy was upon us. The command
-hastily mounted and moved out on the pike, just before reaching which
-Companies D and G were halted, and, under command of Major Lyon, went
-into line, facing the rear. The regiment moving at a rapid walk, moved
-up the pike and disappeared. In a few minutes the rebels opened an
-irregular but furious fire from the brow of the hill under which we had
-camped. At the first discharge a horse went down; directly a man was
-shot; another horse fell. Thicker and thicker came the bullets; fiercer
-and fiercer grew the rebel yell. Major Lyon rode up and down the line
-shouting, "Give 'em hell, boys." It was the "baptism of fire" for the
-boys, but no one faltered. When ordered to wheel to the right, by fours,
-to march to the rear, behind a stone wall on the other side of the pike,
-they executed the movement as deliberately as on dress parade.
-Dismounted and sheltered by the stone wall the men were comparatively
-safe, but the horses suffered severely. Before they could be led to the
-rear, out of range, fifteen had fallen.
-
-The rebels did not advance from the brow of the hill, but blazed away
-with constantly increasing vigor. A "jackass battery" opened on us. The
-boys did not flinch from this new experience, but kept steadily to their
-work with the coolness of veterans. Our Maynard carbines were weak
-weapons, useless at long range--our fire must have been ineffectual as
-to casualty, but being breech-loaders the boys were enabled to fire with
-such rapidity that the enemy over-estimated our numbers and hesitated to
-advance, but began creeping round our flanks on either side. And still
-the Major said "give 'em hell, boys," and held us to the work until our
-ammunition was exhausted. About this time Adjutant Payne, who was on the
-staff of Gen. Hammond, came back with orders to retreat. Everybody was
-willing, but it was easier said than done.
-
-Almost surrounded, no ammunition, many more men than horses, the pike in
-possession of the foe, it was not a comfortable prospect. Hurrying to
-the rear we mounted--some without horses, mounted behind a comrade;
-again another would hold to a stirrup or a horses' tail to keep up with
-the rapid trot. No one thought of dashing to safety at the expense of a
-dismounted comrade. A horse was killed throwing its rider against a tree
-breaking his collar bone. Instantly he was placed behind a comrade and
-away again. On and on through wood and field, rushing through rail
-fences, tearing down stone walls with bleeding hands and still behind,
-and from either side, the rebel yell and hissing bullet.[1]
-
-At last, most welcome sight, the guidons of a cavalry regiment drawn up
-in line to receive us and check the enemy. Feeling sure of safety for
-all, we dashed forward, leaving the dismounted men two hundred yards
-behind. To our surprise and indignation this regiment wheeled into
-column and trotted away before we reached them leaving us to follow. The
-abandoned, dismounted men took to a cornfield and many of them escaped.
-Two privates of Co. D, Lieut. Swayne and some enlisted men of Co. G,
-were taken prisoners. Later on we reached the regiment standing in line
-on the pike. From this place we moved slowly toward Nashville until
-night came on. Going into camp near the road we enjoyed what we had
-fairly earned--a night's repose without alarm.
-
-As we passed through Nashville to our old camp at Edgefield next
-morning, every hatless trooper of the previous day's fight will
-gratefully remember how the merchants in the city came out with arm
-loads of hats to supply our needs. Late in the evening the brigade was
-again in the saddle, marching to Gallatin, Tenn., where we remained some
-days patrolling the river from that place to Carthage to keep the enemy
-from crossing. While here encamped a detachment of the 9th, under
-command of Major Wall, was sent up into Kentucky "pressing in" horses
-and mules. This expedition was through a rich country, comparatively
-unravaged by the war, and was a pleasure trip to its participants. Not
-so to the hapless citizens who had horses and mules. Desolation to
-poultry yards marked the path of the party. A fine lot of animals were
-secured, among them a number of blooded horses. It is possible that all
-these did not receive Uncle Sam's trade mark. There was a legend current
-in the regiment that one of the mules obtained at this time, that by
-_accident_ was not branded, did excellent service at New Orleans in
-supplying one company with the needful.[2]
-
-On December the 8th the command returned to Nashville. The morning was
-lowery and by noon began to rain. A strong northwest wind froze the
-water as it fell and soon the road was a glare of ice. The horses unshod
-or smooth shod had but precarious footing. Fortunately no serious
-accident occurred. The men were chilled and shivering. When the column
-halted for any purpose the red cedar rails on either side were soon
-ablaze; but before the cheerful flame could infuse warmth in the chilled
-fingers the bugle sounded "forward" and the grateful heat was left to
-waste its comfort on the frosty air. We left a fiery as well as a frozen
-track that day. Before nightfall we went into camp within two miles of
-the city. Soon, amid the lurid flame of burning rails, the smoking hot
-coffee, crisp sow-belly and luscious hard-tack, we forgot the discomfort
-of our cheerless ride--the song and laugh went round until one by one
-each voice was hushed and the camp was wrapped in silence.
-
-On the morning of the 9th we moved across the river and went into camp
-on the west side of Nashville, where we remained until December 15th.
-While passing through the city Gen. Hatch and staff met the
-regiment--Col. Jackson joined him and with him held an informal review
-of the regiment as the column moved along. Our horses--fresh from their
-"old Kentucky homes"--were in such contrast to the jaded steeds from the
-front, with which Hatch's command was mounted, that, turning to Jackson,
-he said: "Colonel, you have a magnificent mount, but my boys will steal
-half of them before the battle."
-
-"No, General," replied the Colonel, "the boys got these horses for their
-own use; you can't have one of them; but we don't want to seem small and
-will undertake to trade a limited number of our Maynards for your
-Spencers."
-
-On reaching camp, an order was issued doubling the stable guard, and
-relieving from camp duty for a week any soldier who would secure a
-Spencer carbine. No horse was lost, a dozen or two Spencers were
-reported. These were organized for special service, and the zeal and
-enterprise developed in securing them had ample play during the stormy
-days which followed. It is possible that some members of this squad
-would have willingly resigned their prospects for distinction with the
-Spencer, for the more modest and less hazardous companionship of the
-Maynard.
-
-The camp was in an open field with no tree, shrub or grass, or other
-covering than the sleet which fell and formed from day to day. It was a
-sloppy, slippery time. The discomfort of the situation was somewhat
-alleviated by remembering that the Johnnies were more unhappy than we.
-They had not wherewith to cover their nakedness and depended for food on
-such limited supplies as could be secured from the country. We were well
-fed and clothed.
-
-On the morning of the 15th, the ice being melted, the regiment was in
-the saddle soon after daylight. Moving a short distance to the right we
-halted, waiting for McArthur's division to clear the way for our passage
-to the position assigned our division on the right of Smith's Corps.
-
-About 8 o'clock A. M. the booming of the cannon on the left announced
-the opening of the battle. For an hour the fight seemed to remain in one
-place, but gradually the forces became engaged along the front, reaching
-a point to the right of our position. The cannons roared and thundered,
-and the rattle of small arms could be distinctly heard, while a dense
-smoke rolled up from the field which was obscured from our view by an
-intervening ridge. To get out of the ranks and climb this ridge to see
-how a great battle looked was a common impulse--an impulse too strong
-for those whose curiosity was stronger than their sense of duty. Two
-privates of one company, thus straying away, were discovered by one of
-Hammond's aids, who promptly placed them and their company commander
-under arrest. This officer[3] later in the day approached the General
-and obtained permission to lead his company in the coming fight, which
-he did so gallantly that he never heard any more about the arrest.
-
-Two officers of another company likewise climbed the ridge and saw the
-belching of the cannon, the bursting of the shells, the great lanes torn
-through the ranks of blue, which, closing up, moved steadily toward the
-foe. It was a grand though awful sight. As one, sickening, turned away,
-he discovered that the regiment had moved away. Informing his companion,
-they descended the hill and quickly following were, fortunately for
-their credit, not discovered, and regained their place in the column.
-
-The division now reached its place on the extreme right--the first
-brigade in reserve within the bend of the river. In line facing the
-front we sat on our horses awaiting results. The remainder of the
-division advanced toward the enemy and were soon hid from our view by
-the fog and smoke of battle. Here it was that the battery on the hill
-above and beyond the rebel advance opened on us with shell--all will
-remember this--and none forget the peculiar shrinking sensation with
-which we heard the first shell that came shrieking over our heads and
-bursting in our rear. Here it was, too, that, as the smoke lifted, we
-saw our troops swarm up the distant hill, and, after a short struggle in
-the fort, raise the stars and stripes above the works from whose guns
-had so recently come to us such unwelcome greeting. This redoubt was
-carried by Coons' Cavalry (dismounted), and two brigades of Smith's
-Corps. The same troop rushed gallantly on and soon carried another fort.
-The mounted men rushed forward and swept Chalmer's Cavalry back,
-capturing his headquarters, books and papers. The Confederate left was
-completely broken and driven back by the cavalry corps. Night stopped
-the pursuit.
-
-The first brigade being in reserve, took no part in this day's fight,
-but followed closely the advance of our victorious fellow-cavalrymen,
-seeing on every side the evidences of the battle we had not helped to
-win. We reached the six-mile post on the Charlotte Pike; thence marching
-up Richland Creek three miles, bivouacked on Granny White Pike. Two
-companies, (L and another), going on picket, captured a number of
-prisoners during the night.
-
-On the morning of the 16th, the first brigade returned to the Hillsboro'
-Pike. The 9th was detailed to support the 14th Ohio Battery in an attack
-on the rebel left and rear. Dismounted--a detail for skirmishers was
-made, including the "Spencer Squad." As they disappeared in the wood we
-followed. Soon a rattling volley, followed by the articulate venom of
-single shots, warned us that we were approaching the enemy. Reaching a
-position on a ridge thinly covered with trees, the guns were unlimbered,
-placed in position, and for two hours a furious duel raged between this
-and an opposing battery on the ridge a half mile away. The wooded valley
-intervening was alive with skirmishers, and the continuous dropping
-shots showed that they were hotly disputing possession. The occasional
-bringing in of the dead and wounded from the line attested the character
-of the struggle. The boys were evidently not in fun. The regiment lay in
-front of the guns which fired over us. This of itself was sufficiently
-exhilarating to a nervous man, but when the shells of the opposing
-battery came hustling through the air, bursting in front, above and
-behind us, cutting the branches above us or throwing the dirt over us,
-every man became a stoic and waited with calmness the missile which
-should square his account.
-
-Strangely enough no casualty occurred in the line. Some annoyance was
-felt from a house on the left front occupied by sharp-shooters. A small
-squad, by permission, stole down upon them unobserved. Making a rush for
-the house the gray-backs went out of the back door as the boys went in
-at the front. The family were at breakfast. One of the boys sat down and
-had a hearty lunch, while the others searched the house from cellar to
-garret. Notifying the owner that another shot from the house would meet
-with response from the cannon, the boys returned and took their place in
-line.
-
-And still the cannonade kept up. Shells passing overhead reached the
-horses in the rear, carrying consternation to the boys who were holding
-them. One came up to the line to get permission to trade places with one
-of the boys, saying if he had to be killed he preferred to die as a
-soldier, and not as a hostler.
-
-Col. Jackson rode a white horse and, with his orderlies, remained
-mounted during this action. Wherever this horse was the shells were
-thickest. Upon being asked why he rode this horse he said that in battle
-no one hit what he shot at. So he rode this horse for safety. The
-Colonel held a fairly good place in the affections of his men, but none
-cared to cultivate any closer relations with him on this occasion. It
-was two sad-eyed orderlies who followed him up and down the line these
-two solemn hours.
-
-The rebel battery ceasing to return our fire, we returned to our horses
-and about noon moved to the Cranny White Pike. Crossing it, we
-dismounted and climbed a hill--the remainder of the brigade going into
-line on our left. As we went into position the brass band of a regiment
-on our immediate left was playing a melancholy piece--doubtless
-expressing the feelings of the musicians, but certainly not inciting an
-appetite for battle in the hearers.
-
-For some hours we lay upon this hill exchanging shots, occasionally,
-with an unseen foe, without loss. The 10th Indiana on our left lost some
-killed and wounded. About 4 P. M. Knipe ordered an advance of the whole
-division. The 9th did not wait, but, springing to their feet, dashed
-eagerly down the hill and away after the enemy, who did not stand upon
-the order of their going, but went at once.
-
-Strict orders had been given to reserve fire until we should get in
-short range, but some nervous comrade, with patriotism at his finger
-ends, discharged his gun and at once a line of fire ran down the ranks.
-An effort to stop the shooting was made without avail. Company K had a
-man killed; a number were slightly wounded. Two Confederates were
-seriously wounded in or near a house at the base of the hill, where we
-discontinued the pursuit.
-
-This could scarcely be dignified by the name of "a charge," as the enemy
-practically made no resistance. With fear to lend them speed they were
-further from us at the end of the race than upon the start. The day was
-damp and cold; many had on overcoats and poncho blankets. The haste with
-which we obeyed the order to advance did not give them time to divest
-themselves of extra clothing. The charge was along through a corn-field
-a foot deep in mud, intersected by several ditches and washouts, four to
-six feet deep, and from three to ten feet wide. Cavalry boots and other
-impediments made this a decidedly warm trip.
-
-The rebels were now evidently badly whipped, and if the cavalry corps
-had now been mounted we could certainly have cut off the retreat by the
-Franklin road and practically bagged the entire game. By the time the
-horses could be brought up night had come and we went into camp at the
-base of the hill, from which the enemy had given us a parting shot at 5
-o'clock.
-
-The rebel army at the close of the fight on the 16th were completely
-whipped; the infantry with which the cavalry corps had contended were a
-demoralized and panic-stricken mob. Forrest, with his main body of
-cavalry, had not been present during the battle. Two brigades had
-reached the field on the evening of the 16th, and, holding the passes
-through the Brentwood hills, from the Granny White Pike, enabled the
-panic-stricken horde to reach the Franklin Pike and cross Little
-Harpeth. Night and Forrest's cavalry alone saved Hood's army from total
-capture. A strong rear guard of cavalry was formed to cover the retreat
-of the broken rebel columns, and, although the battle was won our work
-was but fairly begun. About midnight a heavy rain set in which continued
-at intervals for some days following.
-
-By the early dawn the First Brigade was in the saddle en route for the
-Franklin Pike, the 19th Pennsylvania in advance, supported by the 10th
-Indiana. On reaching the pike the whole command started down toward
-Franklin at a swinging trot. Soon striking the enemy they gave way
-before the impetuosity of the advance and were rapidly driven back,
-losing many prisoners. At Hollow Tree Gap a considerable body of
-infantry were strongly posted, who repulsed the two regiments in front
-with the loss of 22 killed and wounded and 63 prisoners, principally
-from the 10th Indiana. To offset this, the 10th had captured and brought
-off the field two Colonels, two Lieutenant-Colonels, one Major and more
-than one hundred enlisted men. The 9th, being in the rear, had all the
-morning seen the evidences of the demoralization of the enemy. The guns
-and other equipments strewn along the road, the apparent abandonment of
-everything that impeded their flight, every door-yard filled with
-illy-clad shivering prisoners, had lead us to the conclusion that we had
-"a walk over." Hollow Tree Gap undeceived us.
-
-After repulsing our advance the enemy fell back. The 9th Indiana was
-ordered up and took the advance. As we moved through the Gap we saw the
-saddest sight of the campaign. A trooper lay beside the road gasping his
-life away, and near him with a ghastly wound in his breast, lay dead the
-little curly-headed, blue-eyed boy, Duane A. Lewis, Co. B., sixteen
-years old, the General's orderly, whose bright and joyous face and
-fearless innocence had endeared him to the heart of every soldier in the
-brigade. The pitiless rain fell upon his upturned childish face; his
-eyes were open, but their light had gone out forever.
-
-Gen. Knipe said to Hammond: "Take your command and go to Franklin; don't
-skirmish with the enemy three minutes, but attack him where found and
-drive him through the town."
-
-The rain was gently falling, the heavy fog of early morning was somewhat
-dissipated, yet so dense that objects could not be distinctly seen at a
-distance. With a long trot we swept down the pike against a shadowy
-foe--ourselves but shadows. The depressing weather and the sad scene
-just passed made the lightest heart grow heavier as we swept along.
-Suddenly from the woods on the left a body of Confederate horse sprang
-into the road in front of us, and in a ghostly gallop lead the way to
-their lines.
-
-Debouching into the open near Franklin, the cannon from the fort opened
-on us with shell. The head of the column turned to the right a short
-distance and wheeled into line--the centre and left coming on "front
-into line." Hammond being at the head of the column gave the command to
-charge before the line was barely formed. The right sprang forward at
-the command and was rapidly followed by the center. The left, under
-Capt. Hobson, was not yet in line and did not hear the command. Hammond
-again shouted "charge!" Hobson was looking after the alignment and did
-not hear the command. Hammond galloped to him and said: "You cowardly
-s-- of a b--ch! why don't you charge?" Hobson raised himself in the
-stirrups and said: "Boys, we will show who are cowards! Forward! March!
-Trot! Charge!!" and lead the boys right up to the fort, where he was
-shot through the heart.[4] A stone wall on the left caused them to crowd
-on the centre and against the fort. The right also was forced to press
-in on the centre, by reason of a nursery, which, for horses, was
-practically impenetrable. The centre charged right down the open grounds
-on the left of the pike.
-
-Lieut. Watts, of Company I, fell dead on the pike at the head of Company
-G. Lieut. Duvall, who lead Company H, was shot in the breast--a wound
-which hastened his death, occurring in 1880.
-
-The Confederates had torn down the telegraph wire and, driving posts at
-intervals, had encircled the fort with it. This was unseen by the
-assaulting party until their horses tumbled over it. Encumbered by the
-horses who were useless in attacking a fort, impeded by a stone wall and
-wire-fence, under an awful fire of grape and canister and musketry at
-short range, the regiment fell back in disorder, but not without
-bringing off two stands of colors and over two hundred prisoners. These
-captures were made by individual prowess, and were not the result of
-concerted action.
-
-Falling back perhaps two hundred yards from the fort and partially
-sheltered from the shells and musket balls by a slight depression in the
-plain, Acting Adjutant Comstock, under orders from the Colonel, planted
-the regimental colors, and the line was soon formed again. This was done
-quickly and well under fire. The shells were passing overhead and
-bursting threw the fragments among the men in a distressingly familiar
-way.
-
-Lieut. Burroughs, of Company C, had been disabled in the charge, and, as
-the men from the left were crossing the pike to form on the colors, he
-asked for assistance to remount his horse, which was standing near. Two
-men dismounted to assist him, but just then a fragment from a bursting
-shell tore away part of his skull. He was carried to the rear in a dying
-condition.
-
-As the same party were hastening to the right, as before mentioned, a
-shell passed through two horses, taking off the leg of one of the
-riders. Another horse had his head taken off as with a broad-axe. In the
-charge a horse was struck full in the breast with a cannon ball, passing
-through and disemboweling him. The rider went headlong in the mud, where
-he lay stunned until the fight was over. The charge was unwisely
-ordered, but bravely and brilliantly executed. To ride down in the face
-of a withering fire on a fort inaccessible to cavalry, defended by
-artillery and infantry, greatly outnumbering the attacking force, was
-apparently a ride to death. That it was not so we must thank Him without
-whose notice no sparrow falls to the ground. No one faltered; none
-turned back until all that could be done was accomplished. Bravely as
-this was done, it did not show forth that true courage, born of moral
-worth and a high sense of duty, as did the prompt rallying of the broken
-companies, and the speedy reforming of the line, under fire, and the
-patient waiting for orders among the bursting shells. This was the true
-touchstone of our greatness as a regiment, and nobly did the boys stand
-the test.
-
-In his report, dated December 27th, 1864, Gen. Hammond, of this action,
-says:
-
-"The enemy, having retreated, we followed rapidly, the 9th Indiana in
-advance, to near Franklin, and drove the enemy across the river into
-town, capturing, it is reported, two stands of colors and near two
-hundred prisoners. In this charge we lost three fine officers, among
-whom was Capt. Hobson--9th Indiana Cavalry,--a man remarkable for the
-prompt discharge of his duties, and his bravery. The 9th Indiana was
-supported by the 10th Indiana and the 4th Tennessee. But the first
-regiment deserved the principal credit of the charge and success."
-
-For the regiment, whose heroism converted his blunder into a glorious
-achievement, this praise is scant enough. For the man, at whom he had
-but a few minutes before his death, hurled the most opprobrious epithet
-that can be applied to the brave man who loves his mother, or reveres
-her memory, this recognition comes too late.
-
-The 4th Tennessee took the advance and pushed over the river, through
-the town and out on the Lewisburg Pike, followed by the brigade.
-Flanking the enemy out of a position between this and the Columbia Pike,
-we moved across to this latter road, and leisurely moved down toward
-Columbia. On either side of us great columns of cavalry were moving
-through the fields in parallel lines. The entire cavalry corps was in
-sight. The whole face of the country seemed covered with the mighty
-host.
-
- "'T were worth ten years of peaceful life,
- One glance at their array."
-
-A mile to the front, a range of heavily wooded hills at right angles to
-the pike, rose abruptly from the plain. On the brow of this hill a
-battery in the road opened on us with shell. The first shell, passing
-over, bursted beyond our rear; another and another followed. The
-stragglers felt an impulse of valor unfelt before, and made vigorous
-efforts to get to the front. The pace of the command visibly
-quickened--broke into a trot, and soon were galloping, while still above
-us shrieked the shells. Alas! not all! Those in the rear could see the
-column, opening and closing at frequent intervals, as the horsemen
-passed on either side of the dead and wounded men and horses who had
-fallen.
-
-Reaching a break in the wall which fenced in the right side of the road,
-the head of the column, turning, dashed into the field on the right.
-Dismounting at the edge of the woods, which was also the base of the
-hill, we advanced upon the enemy, and drove him from his position. It
-was said that in this action the 4th Regulars, lead by Knipe in person,
-went into line, without dismounting, charged the enemy, and, after a
-sharp hand to hand fight, drove him in confusion from the field.
-
-The whole corps was engaged in this action, and, in thirty minutes from
-the discharge of the first gun, the entire rebel force, who were not
-killed or prisoners, were in full retreat. It was now nearly dark.
-Remounting, we moved to the right, the 10th Indiana in advance. Passing
-the enemy's flank, and reaching the pike in his rear, we moved forward
-to the attack. The 10th Indiana passed the enemy, who were ambushed
-behind a stone fence on the left, and who permitted us to likewise get
-well in the trot before springing it.
-
-Suddenly, from out the darkness, "Halt! Who comes there?" sharply
-questioned a voice. "Federal cavalry," replied Jackson. "_Fire!_" rang
-out the command, and immediately from a thousand muskets in our very
-faces, gushed a sheet of flame. Down went man and horse. Another volley,
-and the frightened horses reared and plunged, many falling in a ditch
-alongside the road, crippling the riders.
-
-Company L was in the advance. Moorehouse went down with a ghastly wound;
-Bristow fell dead; Jackson's horse went into the ditch, falling upon
-him, and inflicting permanent injuries to his breast. Acting Adjutant
-Comstock and another, whose name I cannot give, saved the Colonel from
-capture, by mounting him upon another horse and holding him in the
-saddle until a place of safety could be reached.
-
-Color-Sergeant Ricks, of Company E, a noble boy, was killed, and, in the
-darkness, the colors were lost. The rebels, protected by the wall, were
-safe from sabre or bullet. The plunging of the horses, the cries of the
-wounded, the shouting of the officers, the lurid flashing of guns,
-fitfully lighting the scene, made a situation inadequately described by
-the modified term of the "new version."
-
-The surprise, the darkness and disorder, the impossibility of returning
-the fire, left but one thing to do. A united rush was made to the right.
-The rail fence, bounding the road, went down with a crash--officer and
-man, with equal zeal, seeking safety in flight. The enemy pursued with
-shout and yell and hissing bullet. It was not a panic. It was good, hard
-sense. To get out of that hopeless hell was strictly business.
-
-The enemy did not pursue very far. Halting in the woods, Hammond made an
-effort to get the brigade in line. He was so hoarse he could not speak
-above a whisper. It was found that all the officers were likewise too
-hoarse to make themselves heard, and the attempt was abandoned. Each
-officer and man sought sleep and rest where best it suited him. Sleep
-did not at once fall upon the camp. Silence there was, but not sleep.
-The chagrin of failure, the separation from comrades who might be dead
-or wounded, and in the hands of the enemy, added tenfold to the horror
-of the night, itself wet, cold, comfortless. At last tired nature
-succumbed to the drowsy god, and all too soon the morning bugle awoke us
-from slumber to the duties and dangers of another day.
-
-On the 18th the command, encountering no enemy, marched to near Spring
-Hill, and went into camp. Resuming the march on the 19th, reached
-Rutherford's Creek. This stream was out of its banks, its current a
-torrent, making a more effective rear guard for the defeated army than
-even Forrest's brave and determined troops. The almost impassable
-condition of the roads delayed the arrival of the pontoons until the
-20th. Meantime the infantry had overtaken us, and gone into camp near
-us.
-
-When the infantry came from the front and began work on the defenses at
-Pulaski, they did not have a very high opinion of the cavalry arm of the
-service. This feeling was fairly illustrated in the remark of a bronzed
-veteran visiting our camp. He said: "The artillery makes the noise, the
-cavalry makes the show, and _we do the work_!" A General was heard to
-express his contempt for this arm of the service by offering to pay $10
-per head for each cavalryman killed in battle. These boys had now
-followed our line of march and constant battle for some days. They had
-seen the character of the work done, and from them now was heard only
-words of warmest commendation. These were the heroes of Atlanta, and to
-have thus earned their enthusiastic approval, conquering their prejudice
-and compelling respect, was doubling our laurels and glory enough. Their
-unstinted praise was not more grateful to our hearts than was the
-generous sharing of their scant store of hard-tack to our now, for a day
-or two, "strictly corn-fed" stomachs.
-
-The bridge across Rutherford's Creek being completed, on the 21st we
-crossed and moved down to Columbia. Duck River, swollen by the rains,
-that for a week had almost constantly fallen, was now a wide, deep and
-turbulant stream. The rain had ceased to fall, and it was snowing
-instead. The wind was blowing a gale from the northwest. This greatly
-increased the difficulty of bridging the stream, and it was December 23d
-before we were enabled to cross the river and resume the pursuit. We had
-been called up the midnight preceding, struck our tents, and, mounting,
-moved down near the river, where we sat upon our horses in the wind and
-flying snow--a dismal, dark, dreadful two hours--and then back to camp
-again.
-
-About 10 o'clock A. M. on the 23d, we crossed the bridge and moved some
-miles down the Pulaski Pike, not encountering the enemy.
-
-On the 24th, we moved through the fields on the right of Gen. Croxton's
-brigade. We were not in advance this day, and, while always in hearing
-of the guns, were not directly engaged. All this day, as we followed in
-the wake of the fight, our eyes were constantly greeted with
-unmistakable evidences of the struggle in front. No one will forget the
-little knot of dead and dying artillerymen and horses by the road-side,
-maimed and mangled by a bursting shell, a gory, ghastly sight.
-
-Forrest, with the main body of his cavalry, had reached the line of
-Hood's retreat at Columbia, and from that point interposed a force not
-inferior in numbers, or discipline, to the cavalry corps pursuing. In
-addition to this force, we were hourly confronted by five brigades of
-infantry, under Gen. Walthall. So great a force, aided by bad roads and
-swollen streams, made it impossible for us to break through their
-defence. It is true that at every stand made by the enemy, we drove him
-from his position, but when he fell back it was usually in good order,
-and more as one who had accomplished a purpose than as a beaten and
-demoralized foe.
-
-On the 25th, we pushed on, following the advance, which drove the enemy
-through Pulaski so closely, that he did not have time to destroy the
-bridge over Richland Creek. The men detailed to fire the bridge were
-killed or captured and the fire extinguished. Another stand was made at
-Reynolds' or Anthony's Hill, south of Pulaski. Our brigade was ordered
-to support the first brigade, sixth division, in an attack on this
-position. The enemy made strong resistance, and for some time the battle
-raged without advantage on either side. Hammond's brigade was ordered
-up. The 9th Indiana, with Companies I and D as skirmishers, advanced on
-the enemy's left. His skirmishers were soon met and driven back on the
-main line, lying along the top of the hill. A heavy fire was opened on
-these two companies, and they were compelled to fall back on the
-supporting column--which, going into line, advanced upon the enemy.
-Meantime the brigade in advance had been repulsed, and fell back in
-confusion,--the 7th Ohio cavalry breaking through the advancing column
-between the 4th Tennessee and the remainder of the brigade. The 4th
-charged gallantly and drove the pursuing enemy back into his works, but
-the support being delayed by the demoralized 7th Ohio, failed to come
-up, and the 4th was compelled to withdraw. Now it was that our regiment
-advanced with the 2d Tennessee on our left. Coming within sight of the
-defences, the whole line, with a yell and mighty rush, swept up the hill
-over the works and across the opening after the flying foe, who
-disappeared in the woods beyond. Company I had a place in this charge.
-Company D, being on the right of the skirmish line, had, in falling
-back, after helping develop the enemy's position, missed the supporting
-column--having to go around a precipitous hill to rejoin the regiment,
-only reached the scene in time to observe, but take no part in, the
-charge, which closed the day's work.
-
-Going into camp the weary soldier found time to remember that this was
-Christmas day, and fill himself with the recollection of the Christmas
-feasts of former years--precious "little else" he had to fill himself
-with. Mud and snow below, clouds and rain above, all night long, was not
-conducive to rest, but caused the boys the more readily to resume the
-march next morning--the saddle being more comfortable than the camp.
-
-The 26th opened with a heavy fog and gently falling rain. The 2d
-Tennessee in advance, supported by the 9th Indiana, struck the enemy
-about five miles from camp and drove him swiftly back on the main body,
-which was strongly posted on the south bank of Sugar Creek, a deep and
-rapid stream, with high and steep banks. The 2d Tennessee going into
-line, was soon hotly engaged. The 9th debouched from the road and went
-into line in reserve, but so near the first line that we were as fully
-under fire as those in front.
-
-To remain under fire from an unseen enemy, without the stimulus of
-action, is a serious tax upon the courage of the average soldier. The 2d
-Tennessee, after a few minutes' exchange of courtesies with the enemy,
-were moved by the right flank to make room for us. Glad to move, the
-regiment took its place in the position lately occupied by the 2d
-Tennessee, while the 14th Ohio battery went into position near the line
-just abandoned by us. All this time the enemy's fire was unceasing. On
-reaching our new position we could see under the lifting fog, the creek
-with its steep banks, and beyond it the log barricades, from behind
-which constantly leaped forth the flame and smoke, accentuating the
-"zip" of the spiteful bullets, which constantly cut the air around us.
-
-From here we could also see the slender thread of road leading to the
-ford, across which but two horses might pass abreast. As against mounted
-men the position was impregnable. The situation was not encouraging,
-contemplating which, an officer of the line got somewhat excited, and,
-riding to and fro in front of the regiment, constantly shouting: "Don't
-run, boys; for God's sake, don't run!"
-
-This was an unnecessary appeal. Aside from the disorder arising from
-falling horses, the line stood unwavering. A sharp reprimand from
-Hammond, and this officer subsided. The fire of the enemy continued with
-increasing vigor. It was returned by "the boys" with interest. Protected
-by log works the enemy probably suffered no loss.
-
-Two companies, under command of Capt. Cofer, were now sent to the left
-to a hill commanding the rebel right and protecting our left flank. The
-regiment, at the same time, moved to the right, making place for the
-balance of the brigade in line. The two companies moving to the left
-reached an angle in the hill--one arm running back parallel to our line
-of advance, the other, and shorter arm, projecting toward the field of
-battle. Dismounting behind the shorter arm, which thoroughly protected
-the horses, the two companies scaled the hill and formed in line on its
-top, overlooking the rebel works in the plain below. Company D took the
-position nearest the field, the other company (Company I, probably),
-going to the left, were in the act of deploying to guard against
-surprise from the extreme left, when the enemy left his works, crossed
-the creek, and wildly yelling, charged the centre of the main line,
-driving them back probably three hundred yards, leaving the led horses
-in a triangle, the base and perpendicular of which was too
-"perpendicular" to climb, and the high position in the hands of the
-enemy. Company D hurriedly scrambled down the hill, and, remounting,
-dashed out through the astonished Confederates to a place of safety,
-where, reforming, they rejoined the regiment. In their ride to the rear
-Company D lost four enlisted men by capture. The horses of the other
-company were also successfully brought off.
-
-Cofer, with his company, hearing the battle surging back in the centre,
-also tried to get back, but by the time the deployed line could be
-rallied to return, they were met by a body of the enemy, who, seeing so
-many led horses going to the rear, suspected the truth, and went up the
-hill to see about it. Resistance was hopeless, flight seemed impossible,
-but, with a rebel prison on the one hand, and a chance for safety in a
-race with death on the other, was but a moment's hesitation. Running
-back up the hill and making a wide detour, Indiana put in her "best
-licks," and, although the rebels had the inner and by far the shorter
-line, they escaped, amidst a storm of bullets, without a scratch, and
-rejoined the regiment, much to their own satisfaction and greatly to the
-relief of the remainder of the regiment, who had given them up for lost.
-
-The brigade again advanced and drove the enemy back into his works. The
-14th Ohio battery was now placed in position, and soon shelled them out,
-and pursuit was continued some distance by a portion of the command, the
-remainder soon going into camp.
-
-These were the last rebels in arms seen by us in this campaign.
-Subsistence for men and horses was becoming a serious question. We had
-received no rations since leaving Nashville, twelve days before. There
-had been little time for foraging. The resources of the country were
-nearly exhausted by the rebel army--men and horses were worn out and
-hungry. A few days were consumed in recruiting the horses and securing
-supplies. The march was resumed and continued without incident of
-special interest, except a very pleasant encampment at Taylor Springs
-and a very unpleasant, not to say dangerous, crossing of Elk River,
-ending at Gravelly Springs, where we went into winter quarters.
-
-It was but a remnant of the 9th Cavalry that went into camp at the close
-of this long march. By death, wounds, disease and capture we had lost
-heavily. Those stopping by the way, from death or exhausting of horses,
-added to the other losses--not more than two hundred effectives reached
-this, our final, camp in Alabama. In considering the service of the 9th
-Cavalry in this campaign, we will concede that other commands may have
-done more fighting, but in promptly and effectually performing the
-duties assigned, no regiment could have excelled the 9th Indiana.
-
-Hammond, in his report, says: "During this campaign I have had continual
-occasion to admire the bravery of both officers and men, and to lament
-want of discipline." The discipline of our regiment was fairly good; the
-officers, as a rule, had the respect and confidence of their men, who
-yielded prompt obedience to all orders. Gen. Hammond never issued an
-order, either in battle, on the march or in camp, that we did not try to
-obey, whatever we may have thought of the wisdom of it.
-
-It is the deliberate opinion of the writer, after twenty years'
-experience with all sorts of people, that no finer body of men ever
-lived than served together in the 9th Indiana Cavalry, and certain it is
-no braver soldiers ever marched to battle.
-
-[Illustration: Map of battle, December 1, 1861.]
-
-Footnote 1:
-
- NOTE A.--Of the affair at Wilson's Pike, December 1, 1864, Sergt.
- Holt, of Co. E, writes as follows:
-
- D. W. C.
-
- "At the fight on Wilson's Pike, December 1, 1861, Company E was
- detailed to check the advancing columns on that road. The company was
- stationed in a small yard behind a house. A line of skirmishers was
- thrown out consisting of the dismounted fourth man, placed in charge
- of a sergeant, with orders to fire once or twice and fall back to
- their horses. The advance was very rapid, the firing hot in the region
- of the company, and the men who had charge of the horses of the
- dismounted men were ordered to the rear. When our men came back from
- the skirmish line they were disappointed in not finding their horses,
- and were all captured, consisting of nearly twenty-six men of Company
- E, who were taken to Cahaba, Alabama, prison. Only about half of them
- lived through the five months they were kept there. Capt. Hobson was
- left in charge of the rear. He was ordered off the field twice by
- orderlies from Gen. Hammond, but failing to obey the order Gen.
- Hammond came himself and took the command off. The rebels were so
- close to us that I think I would almost know the color-bearer if I
- were to see him to-day. Before we left the yard, or just as we were
- leaving, Sergt. Helvie, who was sitting at the roots of a sugar tree,
- called to me to take his gun, a Henry rifle. I did so, and was so much
- excited that I only got two loads off out of the fifteen it contained.
- I believe Sergt. Helvie was the only man wounded in the engagement,
- although we stayed upon the field until the right and left wings of
- the rebel advance were considerably ahead of us, and I pointed the
- fact out to Capt. Hobson, but it didn't seem to affect him."
-
-Footnote 2:
-
- It was said that Company F sold this mule in New Orleans several
- times. The plan was--as the story was told--to have one of the boys,
- in citizen's clothes, sell the animal, and before it could be got away
- a squad would come up and arrest the party for having United States
- property in possession, compromising for a greater or less amount,
- take the mule and release the purchaser. This was said to have been
- repeated a number of times. At last the mule was hid and could not be
- found, but not before a sum had been raised sufficient to put Company
- F in funds.
-
-Footnote 3:
-
- Lieut. Thomas J. Cofer, Co. I.
-
-Footnote 4:
-
- Accounts of the deaths of Capt. Hobson and Lieut. Watts are
- conflicting. Capt. Hayden states that Capt. Hobson was killed right at
- the fort. The account of Sergt. Holt, Co. E, of the same incident, is
- subjoined. Sergt. Holt's candor in relating his experiences is
- refreshing and worthy of all praise. Most of us, in relating army
- experiences, are apt to forget or omit our fears and remember only
- what was heroic. There was in the regiment but one opinion concerning
- Capt. Hobson, and that was that he was a brave and capable officer.
- Martin Gregg, Co. I, states that he was with Lieut. Watts when shot;
- that he was killed by the captain of the battery, who also fired at
- him.
-
- D. W. C.
-
- "Company E was the left wing, Capt. Hobson commanding the main column.
- Advancing on the pike, our company went to the left or rear of a small
- works on the pike. After we had climbed a little hill, our company had
- scattered considerably, the firing being close above us with grape. We
- formed under cover of the ravine, and then advanced down the railroad.
- Capt. Hobson was leading the company; and Sergeant Grose and myself
- were (I probably ought not to say so) in the rear. I thought I took in
- the situation and asked him how he liked the place we were going into.
- He said he didn't like it much, but he guessed we would have to go. We
- charged down the railroad until we got to the wagon road, then went
- under the railroad, the grade being so high as to permit us to go
- under. Capt. Hobson didn't seem to realize the situation until he was
- confronted on the other side by the retreating rebel column. He halted
- and turned round immediately on the retreat, and was shot just as he
- came under the railroad, falling almost against the stone abutment.
- His riderless horse came galloping past me as I turned to retreat....
-
- "An incident in connection with Capt. Hobson's death has always
- impressed me. During the morning Capt. Hobson and Lieut. Burroughs
- were riding together, and in their conversation Lieut. Burroughs said:
- 'I would rather lose my right arm than go into a fight.' Capt. Hobson
- replied, 'The rebel bullet is not molded that will kill me.' With
- these remarks hardly cold from their lips they went into the fight and
- were both killed within at least a few minutes of each other.
-
- "While Capt. Hobson many times seemed rough in his remarks, his
- actions would show that he was tender in feelings. With a confidence
- that no harm can come to him, a man can go forth and fight with
- dashing courage, although danger surrounds him; but with the thought
- that as certain as he goes into battle, he will be the first to fall,
- requires a stout heart, and is offering his life upon the altar of his
- country. I never felt that I would be injured in battle, but I have
- several times wished that some one else would run, so that I might
- have some excuse to run myself. It took a braver man to make the break
- and run when every one was standing in line of battle than it did to
- stand and fight."
-
-
-
-
- THE NINTH AT FRANKLIN.
-
-
- Those who were present will admit that Capt. Hayden's account of the
- 9th at Franklin is but a conservative statement of the facts. On the
- day after the fight, while we were all feeling very well satisfied
- with ourselves and the part the regiment had taken in the affair, I
- wrote a letter to the Cincinnati Commercial, which was published in
- its issue of December 29, 1864. I think it sufficiently pertinent to
- justify the insertion of the greater part of it.
-
- D. W. C.
-
- CAMP OF THE 9TH INDIANA CAVALRY,
-NEAR FRANKLIN, TENNESSEE, DECEMBER 18, 1864.
-
-It is a lamentable fact, that, for some reason as yet ungiven, the
-cavalry arm of our service has not, until quite recently, been
-distinguished for any special efficiency. Its connection, however, with
-the late brilliant victories in the Shenandoah Valley, have won for it
-at least the respect of the country, and caused the withdrawal of Major
-General Hooker's standing offer of twenty dollars for a dead cavalryman
-of the Potomac Army. In the West this branch of the army, as your
-readers are aware, has been organized into the corps of the Military
-Division of the Mississippi, under command of Brevet Major General
-Wilson, whose dash and splendid abilities, while eminently fitting him
-for the responsible position he holds, have fully warranted his
-promotion from Lieutenant Colonel to his present rank. The late complete
-successes of his command are evinced in those sure and substantial
-evidences of victory--prisoners, battle-flags and guns; and in this
-department no corps can show more of them than the cavalry.
-
-While all the troops in this command have behaved with credit to
-themselves and honor to the cause in which they fight, for pluck,
-coolness and promptness in the hour that tests men's courage, among all
-the regiments taking part in the late move in front of Nashville, the
-9th Indiana Cavalry of brigadier General Hammond's brigade, is worthy of
-special and honorable mention, and, particularly, its splendid charge
-upon the works and forces of the enemy at Franklin yesterday--an exploit
-unsurpassed by anything written of the war, and compared to which in
-point of success, Major Zagonyi's celebrated charge at Springfield,
-which created such a sensation at the beginning of the war, and
-interested the principal artists of the country in the face of a homely
-but ordinary man, becomes tame and unimportant. Some five hundred yards,
-over undulating grounds, made miry by recent rains, from the advance,
-(9th Indiana Cavalry, Colonel George W. Jackson commanding), of
-Hammond's brigade, and upon the north side of Big Harpeth river was a
-section of a battery, supported by two regiments of infantry, strongly
-entrenched behind abatis and rifle-pits; in front of them a regiment of
-cavalry drawn up to receive a charge. On the south side of the river
-four guns were so planted as to enfilade the road. Filing and forming to
-the right and left of the road, with a coolness, which seemed utterly
-regardless of the terrible accuracy with which the rebel guns were
-aimed, while their shells were mangling horses and their riders, the men
-seated themselves more firmly in their saddles, tightened the reins, and
-"looked on sky and tree and plain" as sights they might never see again.
-Led in person by Colonel Jackson, in a line which would have awakened
-the admiration of Old Hardee himself, the 9th, at a walk, advanced to
-victory--many of them, alas, to death. From a walk to a trot, from a
-trot to a gallop, the short distance of five hundred yards was soon
-traversed, and the Hoosier boys measured arms with the chivalry from
-Georgia, Alabama and Texas. Overwhelmed by the celerity and boldness of
-the movement, many of the enemy were sabered and captured before they
-had fairly entered into the spirit of the fight. Before the impetuous
-Jackson three men in gray fell in less time than it takes now to tell
-it. A little Sergeant from Company K, George Leslie, with no weapon but
-his sabre, took from their gun a Lieutenant and artilleryman.
-
-To describe a real cavalry charge, however, where sabres are crossed and
-skulls are cleaved, as was the case at Franklin on the 17th inst., and
-do it justice, is impossible. One may tell how hundreds of well-drilled,
-well-mounted men, with clean blades, seen through the clear morning air,
-moving like machinery, is a sight not often seen, and a splendid
-embodiment or representation of power, and in the rush of a charge may
-liken it to the tornado, that must sweep the earth unless averted. This
-may be said, but a hundred instances of individual prowess must
-necessarily be overlooked. In fifteen minutes the field was won. Two
-stands of colors, two guns and 250 prisoners were the spoils of victory.
-The remainder of the enemy, in confusion, fled through Franklin, leaving
-it to be taken with near 2,000 of their wounded, without further
-fighting. This, with 400 men, for the other regiments, comprising the
-brigade, were not formed until the enemy had been driven across the
-river. Prisoners said the cavalry had never acted so before--that they
-were not even given time to fight, before they were whipped, and, even
-after surrendering, had difficulty in escaping the hoofs of the horses.
-
-Rebel officers accounted for the desperate and determined fighting of
-our men, by saying they had been given whisky and gun-powder. The latter
-part of the statement was strictly true. A successful cavalry
-charge--the capture of stands of colors, guns and prisoners, is a new
-episode in the great rebellion. But the faithful historian in the annals
-of the heroes and heroic deeds of the war, and glowing tributes to the
-devotion of patriot soldiers, will find no theme more worthy the
-beauties of our Saxon tongue, than the charge of the 9th Indiana Cavalry
-at Franklin.
-
-
-
-
- COL. JACKSON.
-
-
-It has not been our purpose in these papers to make special mention of
-any officer. As an exception to the general plan, I have thought that a
-brief mention of Col. Jackson's name would give no offense and could not
-be regarded as an unfair discrimination. Holding, by virtue of his rank,
-the most conspicuous place, he is in the eyes of his old comrades the
-foremost mark for blame or praise. He went west soon after the
-conclusion of the war--since then but little has been known of him by
-members of the regiment. The latest information concerning him, in
-possession of the writer, dates back some years, at which time he was
-reported as living with his family upon a farm near New Salem, Kansas,
-in feeble health. If living now he would be accounted an elderly man.
-His military history, briefly stated in the army records, is as follows:
-
-Mustered as Second Lieutenant, Company C, 34th Regiment, Indiana
-Volunteer Infantry, September 21, 1861.
-
-Mustered as First Lieutenant, same Company, April 14, 1862.
-
-Mustered Captain May 12, 1862.
-
-Resigned October 7, 1863; promoted Colonel 118th Regiment.
-
-Mustered Colonel 121st Regiment (9th Cavalry), 1864.
-
-Honorably discharged June 3, 1865.
-
-The career disclosed by this brief recital, although but the skeleton of
-his gallant service in behalf of his country, is one of which his
-friends may well be proud, but to stop with it would not satisfy those
-who followed his leadership with confidence and recall his memory with
-affectionate regard.
-
-Having been much in personal contact with him in camp, on the march, and
-in action, the writer may take a partial view of his character--but
-to-day, after the lapse of many years, recollecting his strong and weak
-points, and he had them both, I deem it only a just tribute to the "old
-Colonel," as the boys used to call him, to say that he was a brave
-soldier, an able and skillful officer, a faithful and generous friend.
-
-He was unfortunate in a nervous organization, which sometimes affected
-his temper, compelling him to do and say things which he had occasion to
-regret and which unfitted him for camp life. In its monotony he grew
-restive and irritable, sometimes by too violent manifestations of his
-feelings, giving offense to brother officers without just cause--but
-mounted and at the head of the 9th, and fronting the enemy or leading
-the charge, he was always the alert, gallant and splendid leader.
-
-The education he was possessed of, was of a solid character and was
-derived more from contact with men than from books. He did not affect
-learning, though he was intelligent and well informed on current
-affairs. Had he begun his career in the army with higher rank than a
-Lieutenancy, or with influential friends to have secured the prompter
-recognition of his merits, or earlier obtained opportunities for the
-display of his soldierly qualities, he would have won distinction in a
-war so fruitful of able Generals. As it is, his friends must be content
-with the knowledge that in the various posts assigned him he was
-faithful, capable and brave, and that those esteemed him most who knew
-him best.
-
-
-
-
- WRECK OF THE SULTANA.
-
-
-No single event during the war so startled and shocked the North as that
-which has since been known as the "Sultana Disaster."
-
-On the 23d day of April, 1865, the steamer Sultana left Vicksburg with a
-total of passengers and crew of 2,141 persons. Of this number
-thirty-five were Federal officers and 1,996 Federal soldiers, recently
-having been released from Catawba, Enterprise and Andersonville prisons.
-The remaining 110 were made up of the crew and passengers taken on board
-at points between New Orleans and Vicksburg.
-
-The physical condition of these officers and soldiers is well known to
-those familiar with the treatment received by Federals in Southern
-prisons,--long confinement in stockades, without protection from heat or
-cold, or rain, without adequate food or clothing, deprived in sickness
-of medical aid and the commonest comforts. All were weak and many were
-absolutely helpless in the presence of danger.
-
-The estimated capacity of the boat was 376 persons, besides the crew.
-The overloading of the boat made it necessary to make any disposition of
-the men practicable. They occupied all available room. They were stowed
-away wherever space was found to place them. The trip up the river to
-the place of the tragedy was made without the occurrence of any unusual
-incident. The last stop was at Memphis, at which place the boat took on
-coal. At about 3 o'clock on the morning of the 27th of April, 1865, when
-opposite Fogleman's Landing, some eight miles above Memphis, the
-steamer's boiler exploded. The vessel took fire immediately and was soon
-burned to the water's edge.
-
-It were idle to attempt a description of the scene that followed that
-explosion. It was 3 o'clock in the morning. The water was very cold.
-Many passed from the sleep of life to the sleep of death without
-awakening. Others without warning found themselves rudely awakened by
-contact with the icy water of the Mississippi. They saw the fierce river
-lit up by the burning steamer; saw their comrades struggling with the
-waves, heard their appeals for help, without the power to respond. They
-fought bravely with the darkness and cold and flood for life, sometimes
-even to death for the possession of a log, or boat, or other float, that
-could bear but one, often cruelly, but naturally asserting Nature's
-first law, when its assertion meant death to a weaker brother. Yet such
-sad pictures were relieved by others of devotion and gallantry and
-sacrifice not surpassed in earthly trials. Some who were able to swim,
-notwithstanding the shock and chill of the waters, kept afloat for a
-time, and were successful in getting hold of floating planks and rails,
-and thus maintaining themselves until rescued. Many floated thus as far
-as Memphis before they were picked up, and though rescued from the
-water, died soon after from the scalding and burns received on the
-vessel, and from long exposure to the cold and from exhaustion. An
-instance is related of a mother, who clasping her babe in her arms,
-floated from the wreck to Memphis, where she was taken from the water.
-She lived, but the little one was dead.
-
-The light from the burning vessel was seen, and the explosion heard for
-many miles. At a later hour these evidences of disaster would have
-brought greater numbers to the rescue. The time of the accident was
-unfavorable to prompt assistance. As it was, vessels of all
-descriptions, chiefly skiffs, put out promptly and rendered much
-assistance.
-
-A soldier passenger on the boat relates that while in the water he saw a
-horse swim by him with a dozen men clinging to him; he says he saw a
-soldier attempting, with the aid of a plank, to save two little girls. A
-rope was thrown him, and in attempting to catch it, the children escaped
-from his exhausted arms. He seemed to lose all thought of the rope; he
-beat about wildly to regain his helpless charge, which were borne from
-him in darkness, but he was finally rescued nearly dead from exhaustion.
-
-Of those who were rescued, 200 died in the hospital of Memphis alone.
-Near fourteen hundred were killed by the explosion or drowned. Those
-able to be removed were sent North to Cincinnati, Ohio, but those
-belonging to the Indiana regiments were stopped at Indianapolis, where
-they received such attention as thoughtful consideration could bestow.
-
- * * * * *
-
-We give the following extracts from Memphis papers appearing within a
-day or two of the disaster:
-
-
- STATEMENT OF SERGEANT L. B. HINCKLEY.
-
-
-I belong to the 9th Indiana Cavalry. I had just gone to bed and fallen
-asleep, when all of a sudden I was awakened by some horrible noise. I
-sprang out of bed and found the cabin full of flame and the passengers
-all jumping overboard. The water for a while around was covered with
-people struggling for life. I never heard such terrible and mournful
-wailings. The glare of light showed a scene such as never before had
-been witnessed. I happened to find a log after swimming some distance.
-There was eight of us started on this log; before we reached the wood,
-however, four of them gave out and sank to rise no more. I had at first
-got hold of a shutter, but finding some one else who needed it worse
-than I did, I gave it up. I reached the wood on the log and got on to a
-tree. I was rescued from my uncomfortable position about daylight from
-the little island opposite Mr. Fogleman's house. We found one who had
-reached the wood, his name being Wm. Curtiss, of Company F, 1st Virginia
-Cavalry. He was almost in the agonies of death, and had clutched the
-limb to which he had caught, and could not be taken from his position
-until the limb was cut. Mr. Fogleman's house was opened to us, and we
-had every attention shown us that could be under the circumstances.
-
-
- WORK OF THE CREW OF THE GUN-BOAT ESSEX.
-
-
-The officers and crew of the iron clad Essex deserve unstinted credit
-and praise for the part they took in picking up the passengers of the
-ill-fated steamer Sultana. Lieutenant James Perry, Ensign of the Essex,
-was awakened yesterday morning about 4 o'clock, and informed that the
-steamer Sultana had blown up, and was now burning; that the passengers
-were floating down the river and crying for help. The Lieutenant jumped
-up immediately, and was startled and horrified by the agonizing cries of
-the people in the river. He said, that never in all his life, did he
-hear anything so dreadful, and hopes it may never be his lot to hear
-such screams again. He immediately ordered the boats to be manned, which
-was done in very quick time. The morning was very dark. It was
-impossible to see twenty feet ahead, and they had nothing to guide them
-whatever but the shrieks and groans of the wounded and scalded men. The
-first man picked up was chilled through and through, being perfectly
-benumbed and unable to help himself. Lieutenant Berry, seeing the
-condition the man was in, very generously divested himself of his own
-coat and put it on him. The second man they took up died in a few
-moments after being taken aboard. The men who had Captain Parker's gig
-picked a woman up out of some drift. She was at that time just making
-her last struggle for life. About the time this woman was picked up a
-steamboat yawl came there and helped pick up some more who were clinging
-to the drift. Lieutenant Berry said it was impossible for him to give
-any description of the scene; he said it beggared all description; that
-there were no words adequate to convey to the mind the horror of that
-night. He continually heard the persons in the water cry out, "Oh, for
-God's sake save us, we cannot hold out any longer." The boats of the
-United States steamers Groesbeck and Tyler were on hand, and displayed
-great vigilance and zeal in picking up the drowning men. Lieutenant
-Berry, with the help of the crew, picked up over sixty men. Among those
-of the crew who deserve special notice, are John Tompson, the Captain's
-coxswain, who with gig, picked up twenty-six men; also John Hill and
-William Quinn displayed a heroism which deserves to be rewarded by
-promotion. In fact the whole crew acted in such a noble manner that too
-much cannot be credited to them for their noble endeavors to save the
-perishing multitude that was floating down the river, and while we
-compliment the men we would not be unmindful of the part Lieutenant
-Berry performed. He seemed to forget his rank, he
-
- "Doffed his sparkling cloak,
- And went to work with might and main,"
-
-mingling as one of the crew in the magnanimous work of saving human
-life. With commendable forethought, Captain Parker sent ten boats out to
-explore the shore from Memphis to the place of the disaster. Up to half
-past three o'clock yesterday only five boats have returned. They had
-found a few dead bodies, but could not find any survivors along the
-shore. We think by this time that all except those who sank to rise no
-more, have been picked up; for all classes, both high and low, searched
-hard and diligently all day yesterday in hunting up the survivors of
-this calamitous disaster. Had the disaster occurred an hour or two
-later, Captain Parker feels assured that the naval force here could have
-saved several hundred lives instead of the sixty alluded to.
-Unfortunately the night was dark, and the boats were obliged to steer in
-the direction of the cries, being unable to see more than a few of those
-struggling in the water. William Young, gunner's mate on the United
-States iron clad Essex, distinguished himself by his courageous acts.
-Mr. Young rendered invaluable aid in rescuing from watery graves many of
-the sufferers by the Sultana's explosion. He is an old sailor, having
-been for thirty years an active seaman, twenty-three years of that time
-in the navy.
-
-When the steamer Rose Hamilton was nearing the head of the little island
-opposite Mr. Fogleman's residence, she was hailed by a skiff belonging
-to some fishermen who came aboard, having discovered among the willows
-the body of a young lady, apparently about twenty years of age. She was
-of medium height, say about five feet five inches, with a fine head of
-long brown hair, blue eyes, and had a slight scar across the chin. She
-was dressed in the night attire of a respectable lady. She wore on her
-bosom a neat breast pin of plain jet set in gold. She was a very
-handsome lady, and had not been recognized at last accounts. Her body
-was taken on board the Rose Hamilton and as decently laid out as
-circumstances would permit. Unknown to those by whom she was thus cared
-for, when the sorrows and cares of life were all over, who she was, what
-home may be filled with mourning because she comes no more, are
-questions which cannot be answered, yet, whoever she may be, her friends
-could wish for no more tender care than strangers have bestowed, for
-many a manly eye grew moist as they gazed on the pale form in death.
-
-
- A VISIT TO THE WRECK.
-
-
-After the explosion of her boilers, and the rapid spread of the flames,
-the burning mass of what had been the fine steamer Sultana, floated
-slowly down with the current until within a few hundred yards of Mr.
-Fogleman's residence, when it grounded on the Arkansas shore. We visited
-the wreck about 10 o'clock. It had sunk in twenty feet of water, and the
-jackstaff was standing up before the black mass, as though mutely
-mourning over the terrible scene, a silent witness of which it had been.
-The boat was almost entirely consumed. The charred remains of several
-human bodies were found, crisped and blackened by the fiery element. The
-scene was sad to contemplate, and those who witnessed it can never
-forget it. The Rose Hamilton, Pocahontas, Jenny Lind and Bostona were
-cruising around the place ever and anon picking up the breathless body
-of some unfortunate one, who "slept the sleep of death;" or some more
-fortunate, who had escaped a watery grave, though exhausted by a fearful
-night of agony and struggle for life.
-
-
- STATEMENT OF PRIVATE FRED ALBACK, SECOND MICHIGAN CAVALRY.
-
-
-I was awakened when the explosion took place, lying on the top of the
-wheel house. As soon as I discovered that the boat had exploded, I
-caught hold of the fender and slid down to the water and let myself in,
-having nothing on me at the time. I judge I must have swam about ten
-miles. The river was alive with people crying and calling for help in
-the greatest of agony. Just as I was coming down off the boat I saw two
-ladies who had thrown themselves into the water, they having nothing to
-keep them up, and sank, when I saw them no more. When the explosion took
-place it threw the cabin into the air, and it fell back upon the shell
-of the boat in one mass of ruins, crushing many of the passengers, who
-were thus caught and were undoubtedly burned to death. Very many caught
-hold of horses by their manes and tails, but whether they escaped or not
-I cannot tell, as I never heard of them afterwards.
-
-
- STATEMENT OF PRIVATE R. H. SIMPSON, COMPANY I, NINETEENTH INDIANA.
-
-
-I went to sleep about 2 o'clock and was awakened in about half an hour
-by hot water falling on my face and hands. I was not struck by anything
-nor scalded, but remained on the boat until the flames compelled me to
-leave. I then ran up on the cabin floor, snatched off a door and then
-made my way down to the lower deck and jumped into the river. By the
-light of the burning steamer I could see hundreds of the passengers in
-the water, all crying and wailing for help. I swam for about one mile
-and a half, and when I got to the island, just opposite Mr. Fogleman's,
-there I caught hold of the bushes. I saw three men drown while I was in
-the water. One of them had gained the trees and was holding to the
-limbs; a skiff was fast coming to his help, but being utterly exhausted
-he lost his hold and sank, when the skiff was about ten steps off. The
-other two had almost gained the bushes, but sank before they could reach
-the trees.
-
- * * * * *
-
-An event so appalling as this could not occur even at a time when the
-country was accustomed to hear of the deaths of great numbers of men,
-without action upon the part of the government looking to the
-investigation of its cause. A military committee and a committee upon
-the part of Congress were appointed for that purpose. Both committees,
-no doubt, discharged with fairness and ability the duty assigned them.
-There were many theories and rumors as to the cause. Rumor charged that
-the Post Quartermaster at Vicksburg, by a contract with the owners of
-the vessel, received a commission of $2.00 for each soldier passenger
-furnished, and for that consideration he had recklessly crowded the
-vessel beyond her capacity. It was also charged that the machinery was
-out of repair, and the vessel generally unseaworthy.
-
-The investigation, however, disclosed the fact that before leaving
-Vicksburg her boilers had been repaired by competent mechanics; that the
-charge against the Quartermaster was untrue; that the disaster was not
-due to the fact that the vessel was carrying more than her estimated
-capacity. The writer has not been able to obtain the report made by
-either of the committees as to the true cause of the explosion.
-
-Among the lost were men from every company of the 9th Cavalry. The
-following list may not be complete, but is believed to be correct so far
-as it goes:
-
- Daniel Curtis, Co. A
- Patrick Day, Co. A.
- Frederick Blessinger, Corp., Co. B.
- Charles E. Church, Co. B.
- Ephraim B. Parman, Co. B.
- John Steward, Co. B.
- Warren A. Huckins, Co. C.
- John M. Englehart, Co. C.
- Edward Wood, Co. D.
- Thomas Laboyteaux, Co. E.
- John Bonner, Co. F.
- Charles W. Clevenger, Co. G.
- Jonathan R. Downing, Co. G.
- George Downing, Co. G.
- William H. Graves, Co. G.
- William C. Hoover, Co. G.
- Charles W. M. King, Co. G.
- John N. Maynard, Co. G.
- Enoch T. Nation, Co. G.
- James C. Olom, Co. G.
- Martin V. Rodepouch, Co. G.
- John R. Reasoner, Co. G.
- Nathan Thornburg, Co. G.
- Franklin Ballenger, Co. H.
- James Bell, Co. H.
- Alonzo Dunham, Co. H.
- George Delano, Co. H.
- Josiah Pratt, Co. H.
- John W. Shull, Co. H.
- Hiram Bailey, Co. K.
- John W. Emmons, Co. K.
- George S. Fisher, Co. K.
- Jacob Harold, Co. K.
- Henry Newton, Co. K.
- William F. Rea, Co. K.
- Joseph Survant, Co. K.
- George W. Shockley, Co. K.
- Darius Stevens, Co. K.
- Matthew Zix, Co. K.
- James N. Christian, Co. L.
- Robert A. Moorehouse, Co. L.
- Leander McCarty, Co. L.
- [5]Archibald Reed, Co. L.
- John M. Armstrong, Corp., Co. M.
- John D. Alexander, Co. M.
- William Brigg, Co. M.
- George W. Blake, Co. M.
- Nathan E. Gruell, Co. M.
- Enis Haloway, Co. M.
- William H. Huffman, Co. M.
- James M. Isentrager, Co. M.
- Samuel King, Co. M.
- Franklin Ridley, Co. M.
- John M. Bragg, Co. M.
-
-Footnote 5:
-
- Lost by the explosion of the steamer George Fierce, below Vicksburg.
-
-
-
-
-Transcriber's Notes:
-
-Archaic and uneducated spelling and grammar has been retained.
-
-This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects.
-Italics are delimited with the underscore character as _italic_.
-
-Footnotes have been moved to follow the chapters in which they are
-referenced.
-
-Missing or obscured punctuation was corrected.
-
-Typographical errors were silently corrected.
-
-
-
-
-
-End of Project Gutenberg's Ninth Cavalry, by Daniel Webster Comstock
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