diff options
| author | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-27 08:34:25 -0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-27 08:34:25 -0800 |
| commit | 641182b83f43d7679555e1a329d8fd0e6a3d2132 (patch) | |
| tree | 7d2a4442fed78256ff64ef550bb22eca25c1dba3 | |
| parent | 612a5ecec6ae1cdfb53910d89ea81950b83c0b1c (diff) | |
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60112-0.txt | 1522 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60112-0.zip | bin | 31420 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60112-h.zip | bin | 74816 -> 0 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60112-h/60112-h.htm | 1686 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/60112-h/images/cover.jpg | bin | 40037 -> 0 bytes |
8 files changed, 17 insertions, 3208 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d672b8f --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #60112 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60112) diff --git a/old/60112-0.txt b/old/60112-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 7bf1062..0000000 --- a/old/60112-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1522 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ireton, A Poem, by Thomas Bailey - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Ireton, A Poem - -Author: Thomas Bailey - -Release Date: August 17, 2019 [EBook #60112] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRETON, A POEM *** - - - - -Produced by Tim Lindell, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - - - - - IRETON, - - A Poem. - - BY THOMAS BAILEY. - - - “Let me alone, that I may speak, and let come on me what _will_.” - - JOB. - - - _LONDON_: - - PUBLISHED BY JAMES RIDGWAY, PICADILLY. - - MDCCCXXVII. - - _Price One Shilling and Sixpence._ - - - - - TO THE - - RIGHT HONOURABLE - - LORD JOHN RUSSELL, - - THIS - - POEM - - IS - - _RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED_, - - BY - - THE AUTHOR. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The following Poem was suggested in an excursion one afternoon to -Attenburrow, a village on the banks of the Trent, about five miles -south-west of Nottingham, the birthplace of the well known Republican, -GENERAL IRETON. - -If, in the contemplation of the character of that illustrious man, and -in the indulgence of feelings excited by a consideration of the great -struggle in which he bore so distinguished a part, the author has been -led, in the progress of this poem, to animadvert strongly on the state -of society as existing in some countries; or to avow sentiments -peculiarly favourable to forms of popular government, as opposed to -absolute monarchy;--he assures the reader it is not with any wish or -intention to weaken the bonds which hold society together, or to excite -to discontent or insubordination those classes of the community -dependent on labour for their support. His object has been to shew -mankind, that their vices and follies are the real cause of their -degradation;--that good morals, springing from right principles, form -the only sure foundation of civil liberty; and that the men who would -found an improvement of the social system, on any other basis than that -of an improved moral and intellectual condition of the people, can only -enter on a course of fearfully hazardous experiments: rationally hoping -for nothing but to reap from the crimes of others, a harvest of contempt -and execration as their own portion. - -The true patriot is he who aims to elevate the tone of morals among his -fellow citizens,--to excite them to a just respect for themselves,-- - - “And teach, by virtue, man to break his chains.” - -This was the true spirit of the eminent reformers of the age of Charles -the first. They had undertaken the important work of settling the -national character and institutions, at a period when men’s minds -generally were bent on obtaining an improvement of their social -condition--and an extensive toleration of religious opinions: and to -accomplish the great benefits their sedate and comprehensive minds -contemplated, they strove to induce among all classes, severe and -independent habits of thinking and feeling in reference to politics and -religion: without which they knew it would be in vain to attempt to -abolish the pageantry and frivolity connected with kingly government, -that they had begun to despise; or to supersede the heathenish rites and -vain ceremonies of outward religion, the reliques of popery, which their -souls abhorred; by those spiritual and devout exercises of the mind that -themselves practised, and which they conscientiously believed the good -of society required, and the laws of God enjoined.[A] Among the patriots -no one was more deeply imbued with this sublime spirit, nor partook -more largely of the generous enthusiasm it excited, than HENRY IRETON, -whose inflexible virtue, after the apparent defection of Cromwell, -formed the basis on which rested the darling hopes of all the virtuous -and enlightened reformers of his day. - -[A] Just as the above remarks were going to press, a friend put into -the author’s hands, William Godwin’s History of the Commonwealth--a -work which he has just cause to regret he had not the good fortune -to become acquainted with earlier: as many useful hints and much -interesting matter might have been afforded him both for his preface -and notes: but he cannot deny himself the pleasure of transcribing -the following passage, so ably corroborative of the opinions advanced -above, as well as in other parts of the preface to his poem. - -“Religion,” says Mr. Godwin, “with them (the patriots) was a serious -consideration, a topic which they were disposed to treat with good -faith, and in earnest. They were sincere patriots to the best of -their judgment, anxious to promote the substantial welfare of their -fellow-creatures. They knew that there can be no real liberty, and no -good political government, without morality; and they believed that the -morality of the various members of the community intimately depended -upon their religious creed, and upon the character and conduct of the -ministers of the national religion.” - -In pursuing the train of thought connected with his subject, the author -has been led to touch upon the comparative value of republicanism and -monarchy, as conducive in the spirit of their institutions, to advance -that perfectibility of the social system which he believes it the duty -of every true patriot steadily to pursue. And he could not blink the -question so far, (claiming to give an honest opinion) as to refrain from -avowing that upon the abstract question of theoretical preference he is -decidedly favourable to republicanism; at the same time declaring, -unequivocally and unreservedly, that he will yield to no man in a -cheerful, cordial, and loyal attachment and obedience to the mixed -government under which he lives; identified as it is with the most -generous feelings of his countrymen; and calculated, as in his -conscience he believes it to be, to promote in a superlative degree the -glory and happiness of a people with such habits and dispositions; and -above all with such a condition of moral and intellectual attainment, as -characterizes the community of Englishmen. Nor will he shrink from -avowing, that, individually, he should feel himself necessitated by a -sense of duty, unresistingly (as far as relates to the employment of -physical means,) to obey any form of government, however despotic, under -which he should live, so long as such government had the support and -approbation of the decided majority of his fellow citizens. It might be -his duty to SUFFER in bearing an honourable testimony against tyrants -and tyranny; but at this point, in his individual capacity he must -stop;--though acting in concert with the true _vox-populi_, in -resistance to the encroachments of ambitious power, or the exactions of -established despotism, he would not stop at any thing short of its -certain abridgement or final extinction. - -To this spirit in our ancestors we owe the revolutions of 1640 and -1688--as individuals they suffered long and grievously for the sake of -conscience, and the rights of man in civil society: but individual -suffering became at last so identified with the general feeling of -disgust and indignation at the despotism of the government, that its -character ceased longer to be that of private suffering, or its -remonstrance or resistance the effect of personal consideration: hence a -legitimate opposition to authority on that great principle, that the -public weal forms the only true measure of political allegiance, was -aroused; sanctioning such an appeal to force, as under other -circumstances, would have been justly stigmatized as treason and -rebellion. And it is worthy of remark, that, principally to these two -great events, as regenerating the political constitution of our country, -and unfettering the conscience and intellect of man; are owing, under -providence, most of those stupendous discoveries in science--and those -sublime achievements of philanthropy, which are rapidly changing in our -day, the moral aspect of the whole world. - -That so much real and permanent good was accomplished by these events, -is a decisive proof that the minds of Englishmen were fitted to receive -and improve the benefits of them; and, of consequence, that a high -degree of criminality attached to the men whose devotion to antiquated -principles of civil government,--and superstitious veneration for the -high prerogatives of barbarous ages, caused them to close their eyes -against the light of truth, by which they were surrounded, and to lift -their impious, but puny arms against the spirit inspired by heaven for -the moral improvement of its creatures: for whilst there must always -exist in the previous habits and attainments of nations, a qualification -for the rational enjoyment of liberty, in order to prevent it from -becoming a curse rather than a blessing; there ought always to prevail -in governments a disposition to concede so much as the people know how -properly to use;--if this principle form a constituent in the rule of -any government, it signifies not by what name it is called--it is -strictly a popular form of government, exercising its powers for the -good of the people: if not, it is essentially despotic--employing the -resources of the state for its own aggrandizement:--and will certainly -be overturned at some moment of peculiar excitation, by the natural -efforts made by the people, to render their social condition analogous -to that improved moral and intellectual condition, subsisting at the -period of such excitation--nor ought it, nor can it be otherwise: nor -needs there any thing more than this simple principle to explain all -popular revolutions, at least, such as have occurred in modern times. -To claim for civil government under any name a right to withstand this -principle, is to insult the moral Governor of the universe, and to libel -human nature by advocating the divine right of governors to rule in -unrighteousness. To enjoy liberty, nations in their individual, as well -as collective capacity, must be wise and virtuous. Independence, it is -true, requires neither the one nor the other of these high attainments; -but _independence_ is only the freedom of the savage state:--_liberty_, -the rule of perfect society:--that happy condition, where man is only -restrained in the exercise of what is injurious to others, or fatal to -himself--where the laws necessitate no evil, and afford occasion for the -greatest possible good of which the social institution is susceptible. -Independence, mere independence,--founded on abstract considerations of -the natural powers and propensities of man, irrespective of the moral -effects of established habits and sophisticated institutions, appears to -have been the object contemplated by the leaders in the late French -revolution. Liberty,--rational liberty!--built on the firm basis of a -refined morality, deduced from divine Truth and calculated to purify and -exalt human nature, was the good sought for, by most of those men -concerned in the subversion of the throne of the Stuarts. Yet have the -memories of these men been assailed by the senseless cry of “hypocrites -and fanatics,” in every age, by writers who were too timid or too -passionate to take a sober view of their motives and actions: and -yet in reality they were “men of whom the world was not -worthy:”--philanthropists whose piety and genius broke open the sealed -fountains of truth and happiness, long denied by the despotism of -princes and the artifice of priests, to a suffering world;--but which -thence issuing from Britain, have irrigated the world with their -majestic streams, and carried beauty and fertility into regions -apparently doomed for ever, to the sterile dreariness of slavery and -superstition. That they were _enthusiasts_ may be granted: but to -denounce enthusiasm in the cause of religion and liberty, (those great -interests so intimately connected with the real glory and welfare of -mankind,) is to imagine the overthrow of virtue, and to join in -confederacy against the true dignity of human nature. Such conduct in -the bulk of mankind, is as becoming as if the tortoise were to impeach -the character of the noble courser, because in the strength of his -power, he makes the earth to shake beneath him as he scours along the -plain, and overleaps in his might the enclosure which circumscribes -_his_ limited vision. - -It is the cant of despotism and infidelity to decry enthusiasm in the -cause of religion and liberty: they dread its vivifying effects, as they -detest the principles which give birth to its spirit; and therefore seek -to render that contemptible in the eyes of their fellows, which puts to -shame their own pretensions. What, it may be asked, was there in the -degrading frivolity,--in the cold and cheerless scepticism introduced -among Englishmen, at the restoration of the second Charles, which could -kindle in the breasts of men enthusiasm? or compensate in any -degree for the lofty hopes and generous darings of the Puritan -heroes?--nothing!--absolutely nothing!--all feeling, except malevolence -and voluptuousness, became congealed in the heart of man: and the nation -presented the melancholy spectacle, of a people stricken with a general -blight. It then became the fashion to ridicule the enthusiasm of -the bye-gone days,--and to brand the reformers and their principles -with terms of obloquy and reproach:--they were called -“hypocrites,”--“fanatics,”--“visionaries,” and “enthusiasts.” That the -leaders of them were sincere, is abundantly proved by their general -character for integrity, and the sacrifices they made to the cause in -which they had engaged;--that they were not “fanatics” is proved as far, -at least, as respects the _Independents_, the true Republicans, by the -liberality of their sentiments respecting religious toleration:--that -they were not altogether visionary in their plans of government, may be -demonstrated from the fact that the broad outline of policy marked out -by them, still continues to be the land-marks of British policy; and has -been so ever since, both with respect to our intercourse with foreign -nations and the conducting of our internal affairs:--and that their -enthusiasm neither debased their morals, nor weakened the force of their -discrimination nor judgment, the record of their comprehensive plans and -vigorous operations satisfactorily testifies. Among those whose memories -have shared the largest portion of this abuse General Ireton stands -conspicuous. His uncompromising sternness of principle, and intrepidity -of conduct naturally exposed him to this: nor is it to be wondered at -that such a character, possessing so much compass,--so much originality, -and diversity of feature, should be liable to misrepresentation: it is -the error of weak or rash minds to distort what they cannot comprehend; -and to mistake their own crudities for imperfections in the sublime -objects which they casually contemplate. The only cause for wonder would -have been, if such a character as IRETON, had not been exposed to -calumny and misrepresentation, by prejudiced persons, whose feeble or -oblique vision rendered them unable to penetrate the slight mists with -which error or inadvertency occasionally dimmed the true light of his -glory: ascribing to deliberate criminality, or designed hypocrisy, what -in reality only arose from the defectibility of human nature. But is it -wise?--is it generous?--is it just?--in Englishmen thus to insult the -memories, and degrade the characters of men to whom they undoubtedly owe -much of that stamina in their moral character, which has so nobly -distinguished them among the nations of the earth? it cannot be! it is -high time that society, in the expression of its language, and the -indulgence of its opinions respecting them, reversed that attainder -under which they were condemned by the frivolous and licentious -generation which followed them. This was, as it were, conventionally -done by the country at the revolution in 1688--when the Stuarts were -decisively expelled the throne of these realms--and the foul infection -of their name, allowed no more to pollute the annals of Britain: a most -glorious achievement this; which deliberately recognizing by an act of -legislation the real voice of the people, as the only basis of -legitimate government laid “the divine right of kings” prostrate before -“the majesty of the people;” and then reared in triumph in the portico -of our constitution, as two beautiful pillars, the “Bill of Rights” and -the “Act of Toleration:” thus opening a more noble entrance than had -hitherto been enjoyed into that venerable edifice, reared by the -conjoined efforts of a long succession of more illustrious patriots than -ever graced the annals of any other country; that so Englishmen of every -name and party might be admitted to take refuge in its sanctuary, and -walk exulting in the light of its glory. The revolution of 1688 -certainly removed the stigma, which, but for that event might have -rested on the reformers of 1640 as traitors and rebels:--it gave them -generally a title to our gratitude and veneration; and most happy will -the author of this little work feel himself, if, in following so good an -example, he may contribute in any degree, however small, to restore -particularly to his just rank among the acknowledged worthies of -Britain, one of the most illustrious of those patriots, his much abused -countryman, HENRY IRETON. - - -ERRATA. - - -Page 10, line 12, for _has_ read _have_. - - - - -IRETON. - - “It may be said, there wanted but little, perhaps only the - survivance of IRETON, to have made CROMWELL _intrinsically_, as - well as _splendidly_ Great.” ... _Mrs. Hutchinson’s Memoirs._ - - - As nature lights in solitude, the blaze - Of the proud gem; and deep conceals its rays - Awhile, from human sight, till in full worth - It breaks at last, in splendor on the earth; - So in these shades, she, IRETON,(1) lit thy mind, - With all the glories which adorn our kind;-- - First struck the spark, which kindling into flame, - Wreathes with a light ineffable thy name. - Hero and Statesman;--Patriot! names rever’d! - Which singly, to mankind has long endear’d - The fame of others, center’d all in Thee; - Blent with true grace, and worn with dignity. - Though faction’s breath thy glory overcast - (As fogs the sun), awhile, the shades have pass’d - Harmless away: for truth, with native might - Dispels the clouds of falsehood by her light. - Content I yield her Cato, now, to Rome; - Her Brutuses,--her Cassius,--nor become - Envious, that Greece Aristides can boast,-- - Demosthenes, nor any of that host - Of glorious names, which blazon her fair page, - And swell the blast of fame through ev’ry age. - Whilst IRETON’S lofty deeds, adorn the spot, - I call my home, my country; I will not - Covet the fame which other lands can give, - Nor age, nor place, o’er that in which I live. - Who prizes freedom, prizes those who bought - The precious rights;--whose valour for him wrought - This good supreme: and holds them dear to fame, - Though tyrants brand their memory with shame. - When, from the grave, the Patriot’s limbs are torn,(2) - The despot’s triumph, and the minion’s scorn; - Like him, who would not rather rot in air, - Than with the slave a tomb of marble share? - Better the gibbet, and the high renown - The Patriot earns, than to sink slowly down - By shameful life, and fill a dastard’s grave, - Scorn’d by the wise, the virtuous, and the brave; - And when remember’d, bear the curse of all - Whose gen’rous spirits scorn tyrannic thrall. - That there exists a slave, is the disgrace - Of man alone;--nature abhors the race: - The meanest thing she makes, of meaner life, - Will wage for liberty, perpetual strife: - Toils for itself alone, secure to find - That state of comfort suited to its kind. - It, to no fellow brute, deep rev’rence yields, - Who wastes the produce of an hundred fields; - Content to follow shiv’ring in his train, - The loyal victim of a tyrant’s reign: - Nor, leagued with others, to provide a feast, - Brings slaughter’d herds to gorge some kingly beast; - Seeking no further bounty than to taste, - For all this toil, a morsel of the waste: - Then, weary, crouch and lick his wounds, o’erjoy’d - That a kind monarch has _his_ strength employ’d, - To cater for the royal appetite, - And kept his sacred person from the fight. - Ask of the Beaver, Slave! what wholesome rules - Binds his community,--unknown to schools: - Inquire the rights he claims,--the law he gives, - In that society in which he lives? - He will instruct thee, ’tis for mutual good, - To share defence, and fellowship and food:-- - That gen’ral benefit cements the tie, - Which binds his species in society. - Ask if he rears for some proud beast, a pile, - Secure and warm, and skulks himself, the while - Into a den, expos’d to pinching cold, - To damp and hunger, on the bare earth roll’d? - Content and cheerful so _that_ worthless beast, - Which hunts not,--toils not, may profusely feast? - And learn, thy crimes, thy follies, fears, alone - Of all earth’s varied beings, make thee own - A tyrant in thy equal;--whose control - O’erawes thy pow’rs, and fetters e’en thy soul. - The brute, content with what kind nature gives, - Guards his own rights, and thus, in freedom lives. - Or, if too weak for once, to guard the spoil, - He bars no right, nor lends himself to toil - Or hunt, that others may doze out the day, - And wake to riot on his proffer’d prey. - But myriad slaves of human kind, are found - To toil and sweat,--to cultivate the ground, - To spin, to weave, to mine, ’midst fœtid air - And noxious damps,--to spend their lives with care - And grief oppress’d,--by penury bow’d down, - That some vile mortal’s brows may wear a crown. - Yes! nations faint beneath this dead’ning blight!-- - This mildew of oppression! in despite - Of nature’s promptings, or of reason’s call, - Bound by the spells of superstition’s thrall. - A bigot priesthood,--or a venal train - Of selfish nobles, (such as govern Spain,) - Can shackle millions! boasted reas’ning kind! - And awe, through fear of ills unknown, the mind. - Heavens! how they creep,--and cringe,--and fawn,--and fear - These earthly Gods--and meanly stoop to bear - Insult, and slav’ry’s yoke, to buy an hour - Of shameful life: whilst, in the lust of pow’r, - Their haughty despot sends his mandate forth, - And makes a prison-house of this fair earth: - Nor nobly dare to strike for Liberty, - And die for Truth,--but, with servility, - Shake like weak reeds which by the rivers stand, - And bend obsequious to the dread command. - But who is he, that through the mists of Time - Beams nobly forth, in look and port sublime, - Announc’d with benedictions on his name? - And title, fairest on the scroll of fame? - Before whom tyrants quake?--and conq’rors bow? - And haughty fav’rites sink their greatness low? - It is the Patriot! who when Danger frown’d, - And cruel foes his country hover’d round; - Whilst hearts grew faint,--and hands sunk weak with fear, - As, stain’d with blood, the Conq’ror shook his spear, - And men, like herds of deer, when on the plain - A tiger darts, in terror sought to gain - The wood’s dark fastness, or the mountain’s side,-- - Rallied their hopes; and taught them to abide - With manly courage the invader’s blow, - And back the bolts of war hurl on th’ astonish’d foe:-- - It is the Patriot!--he who nobly dar’d, - (When Tyranny his iron sceptre rear’d, - And millions crouch’d,) to spurn his fierce command, - And rouse the spirit of his native land. - Intent to rescue, treading in the dust - The spite of factions,--rage of Kings,--and lust - Of haughty nobles, as the vineyard’s waste - Is trodden down, by him, whose hopes are plac’d - On gath’ring a rich vintage,--firm he stood; - And sav’d his suffering Country by his blood. - Valiant to suffer! though his robe be red - With crimson spots, from those dark stains is shed - An odor, fragrant as the morning breeze - Wafted at spring time o’er the blossom’d trees; - Yea! sweeter far! for a great nation lives, - In joy and freedom, by the life it gives. - A Patriot’s blood can make a holy shrine - Of meanest earth: with pow’r, as though divine, - Can melt the heart,--can blanch the cheek, or fire - The ardent spirit with exalted ire. - No spot so barren, by such life blood fed, - ’Midst snow-capt rocks,--or where dull marshes spread,-- - In forest glooms,--or splendid city’s bound, - But hence is hail’d as consecrated ground. - Country, endear’d, assumes a lovelier hue, - And man, enfranchis’d, starts his race anew: - The pilgrim, wand’ring through some foreign clime, - Pensively led to mark the spoil of Time; - Beholds some widow’d city on the plain, - Who once led nations in her glorious train, - Espous’d of princes:--in whose days of mirth, - Kings sought her favor, from the ends of earth. - Whose armies, like thick clouds, around her throne - Waited, to make her royal mandates known: - And ships, shadow’d the sea--floating sublime - Like ocean demons:--linking clime to clime, - And land to land, in one vast, boundless sway, - They bade the world their lofty queen obey: - And at her feet laid down the gather’d spoil, - For which an hundred realms were doom’d to toil. - Now childless homes,--cold hearths,--forsaken halls, - Where ruin echoes to destruction’s calls,-- - Alone remain: the wand’rer asks, in grief, - Why widow’d ages, close the years of brief - And flitting glory, which once round her throne - Play’d, like the sunbeams through the loop holes thrown - Which time hath worn in temple, tow’r, and roof? - Because she heeded not the sage reproof - Of patriot warning!--but, in lustful pride, - Clad in the plunder which a world supplied, - Lifted herself in grandeur o’er the rest, - And said, “I sit an eagle in my nest!” - Her people vassals, and her nobles vain, - Debauch’d and cruel, soon a tyrant’s reign - Alone, was able to uphold her pow’r;-- - And there she sits--the owl’s and dragon’s dow’r. - If seeking some memento, to convey - Back to his home, which shall recall the way - His feet has trod, in his lone pilgrimage, - What think you shall his fondest thoughts engage?-- - Or waken deepest feelings for the fate - Of that “discrowned Queen,” who desolate - Dwells in a desert by her ruins made:-- - Whom lux’ry first debauch’d,--then kings betray’d? - Will he attempt, ’midst urns and busts, to find, - Broken and scatter’d, something which the mind - Can take unto itself? No!--all which art, - That seeks by flatt’ring marbles to impart - Remembrance of the mighty, will be cast - Heedless away:--the tombs of kings be pass’d - With unconcern;--his heart more pleas’d to save - A simple leaf that decks her Patriot’s grave. - When through the maze of history we stray, - Beset with crime! how cheering in the way, - ’Midst desolations, conquests, rapine’s deeds, - Oppressions foul, at which the bosom bleeds, - To meet one name above the traitor’s lure,-- - The tyrant’s frown,--who nobly seeks, to cure - Those bitter woes inflicted on mankind - By tyrant Pow’r;--his country’s wounds to bind;-- - To lead exultant Freedom o’er its plains, - And teach, by virtue, man to break his chains; - As waters gushing in a desert land, - Rejoice the trav’ller,--so, refresh’d we stand, - And drink, in copious draughts, the streams which roll - Of truth and knowledge, from his gen’rous soul;-- - Delighted view the landscape brighten round, - See fruits burst forth, and flow’rs adorn the ground; - Whilst man, no more debas’d, exerts new pow’rs, - And gives to truth and virtue, all his hours. - Such Patriots, Heroes, Britain! have been thine:-- - Such did thy Wickliffe, Russell, Hampden shine. - Nor beams the name on hist’ry’s page more sweet, - To patriot eyes, nor one he loves to greet - With heartier welcomes, than the Chief’s, who here, - On Trent’s green banks, first drew the vital air. - No fawning parasite his soul beguil’d; - No courtly arts his youthful mind defil’d; - Nurtur’d in solitude, his thoughts were free; - Daring and brave, he scorn’d servility; - Train’d in religion, and devote to truth, - In virtuous labours pass’d his ripening youth; - Thus grew his mind, for lofty deeds prepar’d, - To sternness moulded, by the toils he shar’d; - So grows the sapling oak, ’midst woods profound, - And gathers strength from storms which beat around: - At length matur’d, a nation’s pride, in war - It guards the realm, and spreads its fame afar. - IRETON! yet lives there one, in this base age, - Whose heart thy manly virtues can engage, - To love and rev’rence; as he greets the blow, - By which thou laid’st the treach’rous STUART low:(3) - Whilst hordes of slaves look’d on, with wond’ring awe, - And kings were taught obedience to law. - And still, in Charles’s blood, the lesson lives, - Which teaches them ’tis Public _Will_ that gives - Alone the right to rule; and fixes sway - On _subjects’ love_, and _interest to obey_; - Not “right divine,” that charm, by Priestcraft spread - Round guilty thrones, to save th’ anointed head - From public vengeance; when its crimes no more - An outrag’d suff’ring people will endure. - IRETON, enfranchis’d England truly owes, - With all mankind, much of the bliss that grows - From rights secur’d, and privilege defin’d, - And pow’r control’d, to thy exalted mind.(4) - More had it ow’d, but, that mysterious heaven, - In all things just, deem’d that enough was given - To teach mankind, too long abas’d, to prize - What in religion,--what in freedom lies; - So, to itself, recall’d thy soul, whose ray - Had been the patriot’s guide through many a day - Of doubtful strife,--in many a troublous hour - Had chas’d his gloom, and cheer’d him by its pow’r. - Long hadst thou, IRETON, borne, ’midst toils and blood - The holy ark of Freedom;--long hadst stood - Thy Country’s hope;--lent vigour to her arms, - Light to her councils;--in her wild alarms - Been her high rock;--her strong pavilion, where - The brave took courage, and the weak lost fear; - Ere heaven, on sudden, quench’d in the dread tomb - Thy glorious light; and left the land in gloom. - As the proud steed, impatient of the reins, - Frets at the hand whose pow’r his rage restrains, - And, if he breaks the curb, will fiercer run - The dang’rous path his rider sought to shun; - Or if by shock severe he quits his seat, - The foaming courser darts on ruin fleet; - Leaves the plain track,--leaps fences yet untried, - And braves some mound, in insolence of pride, - At which he falls: so, Cromwell,(5) when the voice - No more was heard, which once controll’d his choice: - When IRETON, stern and rigid, in the cause - Of pure religion, equal rights and laws, - Remain’d no longer to abash the pride - Which sought, with bold ambition, to bestride - The prostrate strength of a great realm, whose blood - Had stream’d for Freedom as a copious flood: - Leap’d, madly o’er each guard which had secur’d - The dear-bought rights: and, in his fall, ensur’d - The ruin of that cause, so nobly won, - And left his country, and mankind, undone. - Darkness too soon o’erspread the land again, - Beneath a Tyrant’s lewd capricious reign: - Virtue and freedom were rever’d no more, - And the stern virtues sought a genial shore:(6) - A new found world! by nature’s bounty grac’d - With pow’rs stupendous;--and by wisdom plac’d, - Where, undebauch’d by regal sway, might rise - A pure Republic: to console the wise, - And teach the good, that heaven, this simple plan, - As yet, designs to staunch the woes of man: - When all shall know, from liberty what flows, - And share the bliss that _equal law_ bestows. - But God, in wrath, the benefit suspends; - And k--s, its ministers of vengeance, sends - To rule on earth, that vicious man may see - The bitter fruits of his impiety: - For iron sceptres, only, can command, - And haughty despots rule, a venal land. - The lion roams the monarch of the wood; - For might must sway, where subjects hunt for blood. - Could ought to gen’rous spirits reconcile - The kingly rule, such monarchs as our isle, - In the fourth George presents, “_a patriot King_,” - Just, lib’ral, and humane, the balm must bring: - A reign where pow’r but guards the subject’s right, - And the proud crown beams fair with freedom’s light. - Had such the Stuart’s been the raging blast, - Which, from his throne, the bigot Monarch cast, - And, in dread fury, hurl’d in ruin, down, - The lofty ones of earth, had not been known. - Hid in the solitudes of private life, - Earth’s lowly sons had mingl’d not in strife - With mighty names, princes and pow’rs, whose state - Seem’d, once, to dare the wildest storms of fate. - But, as the ocean on its billows bears, - In raging mood, the mire and dirt it tears - From its low bed, and overwhelms the pride - Of halls and palaces; so drear and wide - The ravage made, when through its custom’d mound - Subjection bursts, and owns no settled bound. - O’er rank and state the torrent rises high, - Whilst ruin’d thrones and altars prostrate lie. - Let princes learn, then, righteously to sway:-- - And to their subjects’ weal just def’rence pay: - Nor lust of pow’r e’er tempt them to withstand - What justice prompts the _People_ to demand. - Let rights of conscience, social claims allow’d, - Disarm the factious, and confound the proud: - Who seek, ’midst wounded spirits,--tortur’d minds, - That cement which a suff’ring people binds. - Then shall rebellion to establish’d pow’r, - Be as the snow drift beat against a tow’r - Of massive strength; which may obscure, awhile, - Its native grandeur, but, anon, the pile - Shall show its beauty, whilst the vengeful storm - Melts at its base, no longer to deform. - _Rebellion!_ ’tis a foul,--an odious deed! - The traitor, justly, is to death decreed: - But _nations_ may not bear the hateful name, - Nor, in their gen’ral acts, incur the shame. - A _rebel People_, no where can be found; - For public will, alone, can fix the bound - Of law and right, determine the just plan - Of social government, and give to man - What may comport, in fix’d society, - With gen’ral good and private liberty. - Traitors, when rightly scann’d, are the base _few_ - Who claim those rights which to the whole are due. - And be they kings, lords, demagogues, or mobs, - Who seek such sway, each manly bosom throbs - With anguish at their thrall; nor will sustain, - Longer than force compels, their iron reign. - The Lark, by nature taught to wing the air, - Flutters and strives, his native skies to share, - As much, when gilded wires confine his wings, - As when from rustic twigs his durance springs: - ’Tis not the _sort_ of prison, but the _cage_ - He mourns; and freedom must his woes assuage. - A pow’r as strong as fate; which force defies: - Is that a common suffering supplies. - When men bethink them of the wrongs they feel - From tyrant’s foul contempt of public weal; - And look upon their little ones at play, - Inheritors of slav’ry! born t’obey - Oppression’s cruel lash,--yet, not allow’d - To share the good their sweat procures the proud - Enthrall’d by laws severe, unjust, refin’d - By cruel policy, the soul to bind; - Their fev’rish spirits drink their hearts blood dry - With long despair: or, else, in agony, - They burst their chains; and, reckless of the life - No longer priz’d, rush, madden’d, into strife. - Before such spirit hirelings disappear, - As leaves are scatter’d when the sullen year - Marshals its troop of storms;--and forests shake, - While from her brows fierce blasts the crown of nature take. - The gales which fan the earth,--the rolling streams,-- - The echoing rocks,--the sea,--the sun’s bright beams; - All nature joins to bind, refresh, inspire, - To lift the high resolve,--to fix the strong desire; - When once a nation, rous’d from slavery, - Has caught the thrilling sound of LIBERTY! - From tongue to tongue,--from heart to heart it flies, - Hand clench’d in hand, the desp’rate struggle tries; - The tocsin sounds to arms! Resistance wakes: - And his weak bonds the rising giant breaks. - Such spirit call’d the valiant heroes forth, - Of Charles’s age:--theirs the exalted worth, - To strive for freedom,--rights of conscience,--all - That England’s worthies good and noble call; - And nobly triumph too,--in the just cause - Of teaching kings to rule by wholesome laws. - And ’mongst that gen’rous band, no name more dear, - IRETON! than thine: with breast estrang’d to fear;-- - With fame unsullied;--uncorrupt in heart;-- - In motive pure;(7) thou well perform’dst thy part. - IRETON, farewell! but, often as my eyes, - In my lone walks shall view this spire arise, - In the blue vale,--which marks the spot, rever’d, - Where thou, the glory of thy age, first shar’d - The vital air, thou shalt my rev’rence claim, - And I will pause--and bless the Patriot’s name. - - - - -SONG. - - - Fill the cup to the ghosts of the dead! - The sage and the hero of old:-- - The men who for liberty bled, - Unaw’d, uncorrupted by gold. - - CHORUS. - - Their mem’ries we’ll cherish, - Their names ne’er shall perish, - The rights which they won shall by us be preserv’d:-- - The glory they earn’d shall by us be deserv’d! - - Strike the harp to the praise of the dead! - With songs their high honors proclaim:-- - Our valiant forefathers! who bled - For country, and freedom, and fame. - Their mem’ries we’ll cherish, - Their names ne’er shall perish, - The rights which they won shall by us be preserv’d:-- - The glory they earn’d shall by us be deserv’d! - - Chant a dirge to the shades of the dead! - The worthies of Albion’s story: - But let no weak tears be shed; - They rest in the light of their glory. - Their mem’ries we’ll cherish, - Their names ne’er shall perish, - The rights which they won shall by us be preserv’d:-- - The glory they earn’d shall by us be deserv’d! - - - - -“O ENGLAND, MY COUNTRY!” - - - O England, my country! the land of the free; - Thou queen of the ocean, most fair! - The myrtle and laurel belong unto thee; - To science and liberty dear: - When dark clouds of slavery hung o’er the world, - And Europe was buried in night, - Midst thee, was the standard of freedom unfurl’d, - Religion o’er thee shed her light. - - Should conquest allure thee; aggression provoke; - How terrible art thou array’d! - But mercy descends, as thy arm gives the stroke, - To heal the deep wounds war has made. - The light of the nations, my country! art thou; - A beacon that cheers the world round; - Thy name is a refuge--in it monarchs hide, - And earth’s thousand realms own its sound. - - Go search the bright record of deeds which belongs - To France, or to Spain’s proudest days, - Their glory was built on humanity’s wrongs, - Their fame was the lightning’s fierce blaze: - But England! thy glory is rais’d on true worth, - And fair, as it beams o’er the wave, - Sheds light which illumines the crowns of the earth, - And cheers e’en the hut of the slave. - - - - -TO LIBERTY. - - _Written at the Tomb of Col. Hutchinson, Owthorpe, - Nottinghamshire._ - - - Hail! heaven-born Liberty! I feel thy pow’r - Awakening in my breast, at this lone hour, - As o’er thy martyr’s tomb I fondly bend; - Such holy, fervent ecstasy, - That health, and strength, and life, for thee! - In noble daring I would freely spend. - Who blushes not, to bear the name of _Slave_, - Let him not venture near this hallow’d grave. - There is a fresh’ning odour round, - Which makes the freeman’s heart to bound - Like summer leaves;--but the blanch’d cheek, - Tyrants and vassals show,--bespeak - A fear is on them, which awakens dread, - As though their step should rouse th’ indignant dead. - - - - -NOTES. - - -(1) HENRY IRETON, so well known for his republican principles and the -great part he took in the affairs of his country during the dispute -between Charles the First and his parliament; and, subsequently to the -death of the unfortunate Monarch, for the sway he bore in the councils -of Cromwell, was the eldest Son of German Ireton, Esq. of Attenburrow, -near Nottingham, and was born in the year 1610. He was entered a -Gentleman Commoner of Trinity College, Oxford, in 1626; and from his -great proficiency in learning, took, so early as 1629, the degree of -Bachelor of Arts. From College he removed to the Middle Temple, where he -studied the common law; but the civil war breaking out, he quitted his -pursuits in that line, to serve in the army, where he made such -proficiency in the military art, that some have not scrupled to say, -even Cromwell himself learned the rudiments of war from him. He sat in -the long Parliament, for Appleby, but at what time he was returned, does -not appear quite clear; probably some time between 1640 and 1647. Soon -after his going into the army, he married Bridget, eldest daughter of -Mr. Oliver Cromwell, afterwards Protector. At the new modelling of the -army, in 1645, he was raised to the rank of Commissary General, having -rapidly passed through the subordinate degrees of command. He greatly -distinguished himself in many actions, particularly at the battle of -Naseby, in which, his ardor having led him too far from his men, he was -taken prisoner by the Royalists; but, in the confusion which soon after -ensued in the king’s army, he made his escape. - - (2) “_When from the grave the Patriot’s limbs are torn_,” - -After the restoration of Charles the Second, the body of IRETON was -removed from its tomb, in Westminster Abbey, where it had been interred -with great pomp by direction of Cromwell, and conveyed on a hurdle to -TYBURN, upon which it was taken from the coffin and hung on the gibbet -from sun-rise to sun-set; the head was then severed from the body and -set upon a pole, and the carcase buried under the gallows. Ludlow, -speaking of the preceding pompous funeral with which IRETON was -honoured, by his father-in-law Cromwell, and in allusion to the -subsequent degradation of his body, says, “IRETON would have despised -these pomps, having erected for himself a more glorious monument in the -hearts of good men, by his affection to his country, his abilities of -mind, his impartial justice, his diligence in the public service, and -his virtues; which were a far greater honor to his memory, than a -dormitory among the ashes of kings; who, for the most part, as they had -governed others by their passions, so were they as much governed by -them.” - - (3) “_By which thou laid’st the treach’rous Stuart low_:” - -Noble says, “IRETON was perhaps more than any other man the cause of the -king’s death:--and which is said to be owing to his having intercepted a -letter from his Majesty to the Queen, in which his destruction along -with that of Cromwell was fixed:” thus attempting to make private -revenge or retaliation, rather than a sense of public duty, the -operating principle of his mind in his subsequent conduct towards the -infatuated monarch. A notion in which he is not at all borne out by -contemporary testimony: for though Bishop Burnet remarks, that “Cromwell -was wavering whether to put the king to death or not; but that IRETON, -who had the temper and principles of a CASSIUS, stuck at nothing that -might have turned England into a Commonwealth, hoping that by the king’s -death that all men concerned in it would become irreconcileable to -monarchy;” yet it cannot be reasonably inferred from this, that he was -at all actuated by personal considerations, but only, that by this -decisive step, when Charles’s insincerity was placed beyond doubt, such -a bond of union would be formed amongst the whole body of Reformers, and -their immediate descendants, as should, in a manner, guarantee the -complete abolition of royalty, by a sense of the common danger to which -they would be exposed, in their persons and properties, by its -restoration. - -Mrs. Hutchinson, in her memoirs, alluding to the condition and treatment -of the king at Hampton Court, after he was delivered up to the -Parliamentary Commissioners by the Scots, says, “The king, by reason of -his daily converse with the officers, began to be trinkling with them, -and had drawn in some of them to engage others to fall in with him;” but -to speak the truth of all, Cromwell was at that time so uncorruptibly -faithful to his trust, and to the people’s interest, that he could not -be drawn in to practice even his own usual and natural dissimulations on -that occasion. His son-in-law, IRETON, that was as faithful as he, was -not so fully of opinion (till he had tried it and found to the contrary) -but that the king might have been managed to comply with the public good -of his people, after he could no longer uphold his own violent will; -but, upon some discourses with him, the king uttering these words to -him, “I shall _play my game_ as well as I can,” IRETON replied, “if your -Majesty have _a game_ to play, you must give us liberty also to play -ours.” - -Colonel Hutchinson discoursing privately with his cousin (IRETON) about -the conversations he had with the king,--the latter made use of these -expressions: “He gave us words, and we paid him in his own coin, _when -we found he had no real intention to the people’s good_, but to prevail -by our factions, to regain by art what he had lost in fight.” - -This conviction of the king’s insincerity, and this alone, appears to -have determined IRETON to accomplish his death. The public good he -evidently believed required it: and, as in this cause, he was prepared -to lay down his own life; so he was resolved that no individual’s life -should be an obstacle to its furtherance. That “he was perhaps more than -any other man the cause of the king’s death,” may be readily believed: -but that his conduct in that solemn affair proceeded upon the despicable -principle of private revenge, because the king had secretly resolved, -previously, upon his destruction and that of Cromwell, may be safely -denied. His motives are better explained in the following extract from -the speech made by him upon the motion that no more addresses be made to -the King, from Parliament, nor any messages received from him; wherein -he says, “Subjection to the king is but in lieu of protection from him, -which being denied, we may settle the kingdom without him.” With his -rooted antipathy to the government of a single person, and his bold and -decisive character; at the same time possessing a mind fitted for the -most daring resolves, and capacious of enterprizes requiring boldness, -and skill in their accomplishment, there can be no wonder that he was -amongst the foremost in bringing about the death of the king. This -perfectly agrees with the character given of him by NEAL, in his history -of the Puritans, where he remarks, “Lieutenant-General Ireton was bred -to the law, and was a person of great integrity; bold and intrepid in -all his enterprizes, and never to be diverted from what he thought just -and right, by any arguments or considerations. He was most liberal in -employing his purse and hazarding his person in the service of the -Public.” To this may be added the testimony of WHITLOCK, who, in -speaking of some reforms proposed in the election and composition of the -House of Commons, says, “IRETON was chiefly employed in them, having -learned some grounds of law, and having a laborious and working brain -and fancy.” In another place he remarks, “this gentleman (Ireton) was a -person very active, industrious, and stiff in his ways and purposes: he -was of good abilities for council as well as action; made much use of -his pen, and was very forward to reform the proceedings in law, wherein -his having been bred a lawyer was a great help to him. He was stout in -the field, and wary in councils; exceedingly forward as to the business -of a Commonwealth.” These credentials of character and motive, will, -undoubtedly, prove sufficient to every impartial mind, to clear the fame -of General Ireton from the foul stigma attempted to be fixed on it by -NOBLE, in his memoirs. - - (4) “_to thy exalted mind_” - -IRETON was, in his day, emphatically called the “Scribe,” from his skill -in drawing up petitions, declarations, &c. The remonstrance of the army -for justice against the king, the agreement of the people, the ordinance -for the trial of the king, the precept for proclaiming the high court -of justice, and many other important state papers of that eventful -period, are believed to be his production. - -Extracts from one or two of these interesting documents will tend to -place the character and principles of this virtuous republican in their -just light, and strikingly exemplify the fact that there is scarcely a -great object of reform at present contemplated by British patriots, or -which has been entertained at any period since his time, but what his -bold and sagacious mind had entertained as necessary to secure the -liberty of the subject. The proposals of the army, as preserved in -Rushworth, contemplate the following great objects of political reform, -viz. “that the duration of parliaments be limited,--elections better -regulated,--the representation more equally distributed,--improper -privileges of members of parliament given up,--the coercive powers and -civil penalties of bishops taken away,--the laws simplified and lessened -in expense,--monopolies set aside,--tythes commuted,” &c. - -In “the agreement of the people,” designed to change the form of -government into a simple commonwealth without a king or house of lords, -were the following just and liberal sentiments relating to religion: and -which, through the bigotry of the age, were the main cause of its not -being more generally supported, viz. “All persons professing religion, -however differing in judgment from the doctrine, discipline, and worship -publicly held forth, to be protected in the profession of their faith, -and exercise of their religion according to their consciences, so as -they abuse not this liberty to the civil injury of others, or the -disturbance of the public peace.” Yet is this great man continually -branded as a fanatical sectarian, by the advocates of arbitrary power, -although his patriotism, his benevolence and candour, are apparent in -all the public transactions of the eventful period in which he lived, -over which he had any control, or with which he was in any way -concerned. - - - (5) “_So Cromwell, when the voice_ - _No more was heard, which once controll’d his choice._” - -The great influence which IRETON possessed over CROMWELL, and the -obstacles which his unbending republican principles, and genuine -patriotism presented to the accomplishment of his ambitious longings, -are strikingly remarked by Mrs Hutchinson, who says, “His (Cromwell’s) -son-in-law, IRETON, lord deputy of Ireland, would not be wrought over to -serve him, but hearing of his machinations, determined to endeavour to -divert him from such destructive courses. But God cut him short by -death.” And it is delicately remarked by the editor of that lady’s -memoirs, in a note, by way of comment, on an act of Cromwell towards -Col. Hutchinson, that, “it may be thought there wanted but little, -perhaps only the survivance of IRETON, to have made Cromwell -_intrinsically_, as well as _splendidly_ Great.” A finer compliment to -the genius and virtues of IRETON cannot well be imagined. - -WHITLOCK says, “Cromwell had a great opinion of him, and no man could -prevail so much, or order him so far, as IRETON could;” his death is -very pointedly regretted by the same author, on account of the great -influence he had over the mind of Cromwell; deeming it more than -probable, that the prolongation of his life might have made a great -difference in the subsequent conduct of that extraordinary man: the -justness of which supposition is strikingly exemplified, by the change -in Cromwell’s policy, which almost immediately followed upon this event. - -“General Ireton,” says the history of England, “was much celebrated for -his vigilance, industry, capacity, and for the strict execution of -justice in that unlimited command which he possessed in Ireland. He was -observed to be inflexible in all his purposes for the public good; and -was animated with so sincere and passionate love of liberty, that he -never could have been induced by any motive, to submit to the smallest -appearance of regal government. Cromwell was much affected by his death; -and the republicans who reposed unlimited confidence in him were -disconsolate.” - -NOBLE likewise admits that, “he was beloved by the republicans in the -highest degree; they admired him alike as a soldier and a statesman, and -revered him as a saint.” - -The man who was acknowledged to have such claims, by the commonwealth’s -men, a body comprizing, probably, more genius, virtue, and sterling -patriotism, than were ever united for the accomplishment of any social -purpose in the annals of mankind, must have been unquestionably an -extraordinary person; and is, it may safely be affirmed, still entitled -to the high veneration of every real friend to the true interests of -man. - - (6) “_And the stern virtues sought a kindlier shore._” - -Previous to the standard of resistance to the arbitrary proceedings of -the court being raised in England, several small bodies of puritans had -passed over to America, and began the colonization of the tract of land -called _New England_: many more joined them upon the approach of the -troubles which they saw coming upon the country; impelled, partly, by a -desire to avoid being engaged in open rebellion against the government, -whose violence and tyranny they perceived were driving men’s minds to -desperate resolves, but mostly influenced by an earnest fervor to enjoy -amidst the solitudes of that unexplored country, the privilege of -worshipping God agreeably with the dictates of an enlightened -conscience: a privilege they could not enjoy in their native country, -under the bigoted and intolerant policy which swayed in the councils of -the misguided Charles: this consideration had, at one time, induced -_Cromwell_, _Hampden_, _Haslerigge_, and many other non-conformists of -rank and influence, to determine to take refuge in New England: Cromwell -and his family, as well as others of the party, had embarked, and the -rest were on the point of so doing, but were prevented leaving the -kingdom by an order in council, “directing the lord treasurer to take -speedy and effectual course for the stay of eight ships then in the -river Thames, prepared to go to New England, and for putting on land all -the passengers and provisions therein intended for the voyage.” -“Those whom God destines to destruction, he deprives of their -understanding,”--the very men thus compelled by the king in council to -remain at home, became the immediate instruments by which the blood of -the saints, and the cries of the oppressed were avenged on a guilty -court and a cruel hierarchy. When the restoration of the Stuarts to -power became apparent, still greater numbers of the republicans and -non-conformists sought refuge in New England from the persecutions which -they foresaw awaited them. To the descendants of these men, inheriting -the noble detestation of arbitrary power which so strikingly -distinguished their forefathers, America owes all her _real_ greatness. -The New England men still exhibit a distinct feature in American -society, and probably possess more virtue, intelligence, and -independence of character than is to be found in any other state in the -union.--_See Doctor Dwight’s Travels in New England._ - - (7) _“In motive pure;” &c._ - -For the disinterestedness of IRETON’S motives in the discharge of his -public functions, the following anecdote from LUDLOW, who was next in -command to him in Ireland, at the period of the transaction, shall -suffice. - -“The parliament,” he says, “also ordered an act to be brought in, for -settling two thousand pounds per annum on the lord-deputy IRETON,” (out -of the confiscated estates of the Duke of Buckingham, and which, -therefore, it might have been thought he could have the more -conscientiously accepted than, though it had been drawn directly from -the pockets of the people,) the news of which, being brought over, was -so unacceptable to him, that he said, they had many just debts, which he -desired they would pay before they made such presents; that he had no -need of their lands, _and would not have it_; and that _he should be -more contented to see them doing the service of the nation, than so -liberal in disposing of the public treasure!_--What would the patriotic -general have said of some modern British parliaments?--No wonder, that -the hungry place and pension hunting pack, that returned in the train of -Charles the second, procured the exhumation of the bones of such an -enemy to their tribe as IRETON: the light of whose glory, in his -generosity and disinterestedness, showed so much of the deformity of -their mercenary and malignant natures--that indignity towards all that -remained of him, in their power, as far as their little malice could -accomplish it, was necessary to give them any degree of consequence, -even in their own eyes. - - - FINIS. - - - S. BENNETT, PRINTER, NOTTINGHAM. - - - - - - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Ireton, A Poem, by Thomas Bailey - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRETON, A POEM *** - -***** This file should be named 60112-0.txt or 60112-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/1/1/60112/ - -Produced by Tim Lindell, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project -Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you -charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you -do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the -rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose -such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and -research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do -practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is -subject to the trademark license, especially commercial -redistribution. - - - -*** START: FULL LICENSE *** - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project -Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at -http://gutenberg.org/license). - - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy -all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. -If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the -terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or -entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement -and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" -or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the -collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an -individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are -located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from -copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative -works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg -are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project -Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by -freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of -this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with -the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by -keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project -Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in -a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check -the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement -before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or -creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project -Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning -the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United -States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate -access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently -whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, -copied or distributed: - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived -from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is -posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied -and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees -or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work -with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the -work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 -through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the -Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or -1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional -terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked -to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the -permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any -word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or -distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than -"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version -posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), -you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a -copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon -request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other -form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided -that - -- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is - owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he - has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the - Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments - must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you - prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax - returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and - sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the - address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to - the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." - -- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or - destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium - and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of - Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any - money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days - of receipt of the work. - -- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set -forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from -both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael -Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the -Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm -collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain -"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or -corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual -property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a -computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by -your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with -your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with -the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a -refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity -providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to -receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy -is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further -opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER -WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. -If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the -law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be -interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by -the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any -provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance -with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, -promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, -harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, -that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do -or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm -work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any -Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. - - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers -including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists -because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from -people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. -To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation -and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 -and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive -Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at -http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent -permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. -Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered -throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at -809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email -business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact -information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official -page at http://pglaf.org - -For additional contact information: - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To -SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any -particular state visit http://pglaf.org - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. -To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate - - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - http://www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/old/60112-0.zip b/old/60112-0.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 46cf17d..0000000 --- a/old/60112-0.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60112-h.zip b/old/60112-h.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 4be0c03..0000000 --- a/old/60112-h.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/old/60112-h/60112-h.htm b/old/60112-h/60112-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index 3b85abe..0000000 --- a/old/60112-h/60112-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1686 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" -"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> - -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"> - <head> <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> -<title> - The Project Gutenberg eBook of Ireton, by Thomas Bailey. -</title> -<style type="text/css">s - p {margin-top:.2em;text-align:justify;margin-bottom:.2em;text-indent:4%;} - -.c {text-align:center;text-indent:0%;} - -.cb {text-align:center;text-indent:0%;font-weight:bold;} - -div.lnht {line-height:2em;} - -.indd {text-indent:4%;} - -.eng {font-family: "Old English Text MT",fantasy,sans-serif;} - -.nts {font-size:95%;} - -.fint {text-align:center;text-indent:0%; -margin-top:2em;} - -small {font-size: 70%;} - -big {font-size: 130%;} - - h1 {margin-top:5%;text-align:center;clear:both; -font-weight:normal;} - - h2 {margin-top:4%;margin-bottom:2%;text-align:center;clear:both; - font-size:120%;font-weight:bold; -letter-spacing:.1em;} - - hr {width:15%;margin:.2em auto .2em auto;clear:both;color:black;} - - hr.full {width: 60%;margin:2% auto 2% auto;border-top:1px solid black; -padding:.1em;border-bottom:1px solid black;border-left:none;border-right:none;} - - table {margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:2%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;border:none;} - - body{margin-left:4%;margin-right:6%;background:#ffffff;color:black;font-family:"Times New Roman", serif;font-size:medium;} - -a:link {background-color:#ffffff;color:blue;text-decoration:none;} - - link {background-color:#ffffff;color:blue;text-decoration:none;} - -a:visited {background-color:#ffffff;color:purple;text-decoration:none;} - -a:hover {background-color:#ffffff;color:#FF0000;text-decoration:underline;} - -.smcap {font-variant:small-caps;font-size:100%;} - - img {border:none;} - -.blockquot {margin:1em 10em 1em 10em; -font-size:95%;} - -.fanc {vertical-align:30%;font-size:.8em;} - -.fnote {width:95%;margin:auto 3% 1% auto;font-size:0.8em;position:relative;} - -.footnote {width:95%;margin:auto 3% 1% auto;font-size:0.9em;position:relative;} - -.label {position:relative;left:-.5em;top:0;text-align:left;font-size:.8em;} - -.fnanchor {vertical-align:30%;font-size:.8em;} - -.label {position:relative;left:-.5em;top:0;text-align:left;font-size:.8em;} - -div.poetry {text-align:center;} -div.poetry1 {text-align:center;margin:2em auto 1em auto;} - -div.poem {font-size:100%;margin:auto auto;text-indent:0%; -display: inline-block; text-align: left;} -.poem .stanza {margin-top: .5em;margin-bottom:.5em;} -.poem span.i0 {display: block; margin-left: 0em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} -.poem span.i2 {display: block; margin-left: 1em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} -.poem span.i3 {display: block; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} -.poem span.i4 {display: block; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} -.poem span.i8 {display: block; margin-left: 7em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} -.poem span.i10 {display: block; margin-left: 8em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} -.poem span.i15 {display: block; margin-left: 20em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} - -.pagenum {font-style:normal;position:absolute; -left:95%;font-size:55%;text-align:right;color:gray; -background-color:#ffffff;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:none;text-indent:0em;} -@media print, handheld -{.pagenum - {display: none;} - } - -</style> - </head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ireton, A Poem, by Thomas Bailey - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Ireton, A Poem - -Author: Thomas Bailey - -Release Date: August 17, 2019 [EBook #60112] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRETON, A POEM *** - - - - -Produced by Tim Lindell, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - -</pre> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<p class="c"> -<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="347" height="550" alt="" title="" /> -</p> - -<p class="indd"><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_1a" id="page_1a">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> - -<h1>IRETON,</h1> - -<p class="cb"><span class="eng">A Poem.</span><br /><br /> -<br /> -BY THOMAS BAILEY. -</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i10">—————————<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Let me alone, that I may speak, and let come on me what <i>will</i>.”<br /></span> -<span class="i15"><span class="smcap">Job.</span><br /></span> -<span class="i10">—————————<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p class="cb"> -<i>LONDON</i>:<br /> - -PUBLISHED BY JAMES RIDGWAY, PICADILLY.<br /> -<br /> -<small>MDCCCXXVII.<br /></small> -————<br /> -<i>Price One Shilling and Sixpence.</i><br /></p> - -<p class="indd"><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_2a" id="page_2a">[Pg 2]</a></span> </p> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="" -style="border:4px double gray;"> -<tr class="c"><td><span class="smcap">Contents</span>:<br /> -<a href="#PREFACE">PREFACE.</a><br /> -<a href="#IRETON">IRETON.</a><br /> -<a href="#SONG">SONG.</a><br /> -<a href="#O_ENGLAND_MY_COUNTRY">“O ENGLAND, MY COUNTRY!”</a><br /> -<a href="#TO_LIBERTY">TO LIBERTY.</a><br /> -<a href="#NOTES">NOTES.</a><br /> -</td></tr> -</table> - -<p class="indd"><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_3a" id="page_3a">[Pg 3]</a></span> </p> - -<p class="cb"> -TO THE<br /> -<br /> -RIGHT HONOURABLE<br /> -<br /> -<big>L O R D J O H N R U S S E L L</big>,<br /> -<br /> -<small>THIS</small><br /> -<br /> -<big>P O E M</big><br /> -<br /> -<small>IS</small><br /> -<br /> -<i>RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED</i>,<br /> -<br /> -<small>BY</small><br /> -<br /><span style="margin-left: 8%;"> -THE AUTHOR.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p class="indd"><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_4a" id="page_4a">[Pg 4]</a></span> </p> - -<p class="indd"><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_5a" id="page_5a">[Pg 5]</a></span> </p> - -<h2><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE"></a>PREFACE.</h2> - -<p class="indd"><big><big><b>T</b></big></big>HE following Poem was suggested in an excursion one afternoon to -Attenburrow, a village on the banks of the Trent, about five miles -south-west of Nottingham, the birthplace of the well known Republican, -<span class="smcap">General Ireton</span>.</p> - -<p class="indd">If, in the contemplation of the character of that illustrious man, and -in the indulgence of feelings excited by a consideration of the great -struggle in which he bore so distinguished a part, the author has been -led, in the progress of this poem, to animadvert strongly on the state -of society as existing in some countries; or to avow sentiments -peculiarly favourable to forms of popular government, as opposed to -absolute monarchy;—he assures the reader it is not with any wish or -intention to weaken the bonds which hold society together, or to excite -to discontent or insubordination those classes of the community -dependent on labour for their support. His object has been to shew -mankind, that their vices and follies are the real cause of their -degradation;—that good morals, springing from right principles, form -the only sure foundation of civil liberty; and that the men who would -found an improvement of the social system, on any other basis than<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_6a" id="page_6a">[Pg 6]</a></span> that -of an improved moral and intellectual condition of the people, can only -enter on a course of fearfully hazardous experiments: rationally hoping -for nothing but to reap from the crimes of others, a harvest of contempt -and execration as their own portion.</p> - -<p class="indd">The true patriot is he who aims to elevate the tone of morals among his -fellow citizens,—to excite them to a just respect for themselves,—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“And teach, by virtue, man to break his chains.”<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p class="indd">This was the true spirit of the eminent reformers of the age of Charles -the first. They had undertaken the important work of settling the -national character and institutions, at a period when men’s minds -generally were bent on obtaining an improvement of their social -condition—and an extensive toleration of religious opinions: and to -accomplish the great benefits their sedate and comprehensive minds -contemplated, they strove to induce among all classes, severe and -independent habits of thinking and feeling in reference to politics and -religion: without which they knew it would be in vain to attempt to -abolish the pageantry and frivolity connected with kingly government, -that they had begun to despise; or to supersede the heathenish rites and -vain ceremonies of outward religion, the reliques of popery, which their -souls abhorred; by those spiritual and devout exercises of the mind that -themselves practised, and which they conscientiously believed the good -of society required, and the laws of God enjoined.<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#FN_A" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> Among the patriots -no one<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_7a" id="page_7a">[Pg 7]</a></span> was more deeply imbued with this sublime spirit, nor partook -more largely of the generous enthusiasm it excited, than <span class="smcap">Henry Ireton</span>, -whose inflexible virtue, after the apparent defection of Cromwell, -formed the basis on which rested the darling hopes of all the virtuous -and enlightened reformers of his day.</p> - -<div class="footnote"><p class="indd"><a name="FN_A" id="FN_A"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Just as the above remarks were going to press, a friend put -into the author’s hands, William Godwin’s History of the Commonwealth—a -work which he has just cause to regret he had not the good fortune to -become acquainted with earlier: as many useful hints and much -interesting matter might have been afforded him both for his preface and -notes: but he cannot deny himself the pleasure of transcribing the -following passage, so ably corroborative of the opinions advanced above, -as well as in other parts of the preface to his poem. -</p><p class="indd"> -“Religion,” says Mr. Godwin, “with them (the patriots) was a serious -consideration, a topic which they were disposed to treat with good -faith, and in earnest. They were sincere patriots to the best of their -judgment, anxious to promote the substantial welfare of their -fellow-creatures. They knew that there can be no real liberty, and no -good political government, without morality; and they believed that the -morality of the various members of the community intimately depended -upon their religious creed, and upon the character and conduct of the -ministers of the national religion.”</p></div> - -<p class="indd">In pursuing the train of thought connected with his subject, the author -has been led to touch upon the comparative value of republicanism and -monarchy, as conducive in the spirit of their institutions, to advance -that perfectibility of the social system which he believes it the duty -of every true patriot steadily to pursue. And he could not blink the -question so far, (claiming to give an honest opinion) as to refrain from -avowing that upon the abstract question of theoretical preference he is -decidedly favourable to republicanism; at the same time declaring, -unequivocally and unreservedly, that he will yield to no man in a -cheerful, cordial, and loyal attachment and obedience to the mixed -government under which he lives; identified as it is with the most -generous feelings of his countrymen; and calculated, as in his -conscience he believes it to be, to promote in a superlative<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_8a" id="page_8a">[Pg 8]</a></span> degree the -glory and happiness of a people with such habits and dispositions; and -above all with such a condition of moral and intellectual attainment, as -characterizes the community of Englishmen. Nor will he shrink from -avowing, that, individually, he should feel himself necessitated by a -sense of duty, unresistingly (as far as relates to the employment of -physical means,) to obey any form of government, however despotic, under -which he should live, so long as such government had the support and -approbation of the decided majority of his fellow citizens. It might be -his duty to <small>SUFFER</small> in bearing an honourable testimony against tyrants -and tyranny; but at this point, in his individual capacity he must -stop;—though acting in concert with the true <i>vox-populi</i>, in -resistance to the encroachments of ambitious power, or the exactions of -established despotism, he would not stop at any thing short of its -certain abridgement or final extinction.</p> - -<p class="indd">To this spirit in our ancestors we owe the revolutions of 1640 and -1688—as individuals they suffered long and grievously for the sake of -conscience, and the rights of man in civil society: but individual -suffering became at last so identified with the general feeling of -disgust and indignation at the despotism of the government, that its -character ceased longer to be that of private suffering, or its -remonstrance or resistance the effect of personal consideration: hence a -legitimate opposition to authority on that great principle, that the -public weal forms the only true measure of political allegiance, was -aroused; sanctioning such an appeal to force, as under other -circumstances, would have been justly stigmatized as treason and -rebellion. And it is worthy of remark, that, principally to these two -great events, as regenerating the political constitution of our country, -and unfettering the con<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_9a" id="page_9a">[Pg 9]</a></span>science and intellect of man; are owing, under -providence, most of those stupendous discoveries in science—and those -sublime achievements of philanthropy, which are rapidly changing in our -day, the moral aspect of the whole world.</p> - -<p class="indd">That so much real and permanent good was accomplished by these events, -is a decisive proof that the minds of Englishmen were fitted to receive -and improve the benefits of them; and, of consequence, that a high -degree of criminality attached to the men whose devotion to antiquated -principles of civil government,—and superstitious veneration for the -high prerogatives of barbarous ages, caused them to close their eyes -against the light of truth, by which they were surrounded, and to lift -their impious, but puny arms against the spirit inspired by heaven for -the moral improvement of its creatures: for whilst there must always -exist in the previous habits and attainments of nations, a qualification -for the rational enjoyment of liberty, in order to prevent it from -becoming a curse rather than a blessing; there ought always to prevail -in governments a disposition to concede so much as the people know how -properly to use;—if this principle form a constituent in the rule of -any government, it signifies not by what name it is called—it is -strictly a popular form of government, exercising its powers for the -good of the people: if not, it is essentially despotic—employing the -resources of the state for its own aggrandizement:—and will certainly -be overturned at some moment of peculiar excitation, by the natural -efforts made by the people, to render their social condition analogous -to that improved moral and intellectual condition, subsisting at the -period of such excitation—nor ought it, nor can it be otherwise: nor -needs there any thing more than this simple principle to explain all -popular revo<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_10a" id="page_10a">[Pg 10]</a></span>lutions, at least, such as have occurred in modern times. -To claim for civil government under any name a right to withstand this -principle, is to insult the moral Governor of the universe, and to libel -human nature by advocating the divine right of governors to rule in -unrighteousness. To enjoy liberty, nations in their individual, as well -as collective capacity, must be wise and virtuous. Independence, it is -true, requires neither the one nor the other of these high attainments; -but <i>independence</i> is only the freedom of the savage state:—<i>liberty</i>, -the rule of perfect society:—that happy condition, where man is only -restrained in the exercise of what is injurious to others, or fatal to -himself—where the laws necessitate no evil, and afford occasion for the -greatest possible good of which the social institution is susceptible. -Independence, mere independence,—founded on abstract considerations of -the natural powers and propensities of man, irrespective of the moral -effects of established habits and sophisticated institutions, appears to -have been the object contemplated by the leaders in the late French -revolution. Liberty,—rational liberty!—built on the firm basis of a -refined morality, deduced from divine Truth and calculated to purify and -exalt human nature, was the good sought for, by most of those men -concerned in the subversion of the throne of the Stuarts. Yet have the -memories of these men been assailed by the senseless cry of “hypocrites -and fanatics,” in every age, by writers who were too timid or too -passionate to take a sober view of their motives and actions: and yet in -reality they were “men of whom the world was not -worthy:”—philanthropists whose piety and genius broke open the sealed -fountains of truth and happiness, long denied by the despotism of -princes and the artifice of priests, to a suffering world;—but which -thence<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_11a" id="page_11a">[Pg 11]</a></span> issuing from Britain, have irrigated the world with their -majestic streams, and carried beauty and fertility into regions -apparently doomed for ever, to the sterile dreariness of slavery and -superstition. That they were <i>enthusiasts</i> may be granted: but to -denounce enthusiasm in the cause of religion and liberty, (those great -interests so intimately connected with the real glory and welfare of -mankind,) is to imagine the overthrow of virtue, and to join in -confederacy against the true dignity of human nature. Such conduct in -the bulk of mankind, is as becoming as if the tortoise were to impeach -the character of the noble courser, because in the strength of his -power, he makes the earth to shake beneath him as he scours along the -plain, and overleaps in his might the enclosure which circumscribes -<i>his</i> limited vision.</p> - -<p class="indd">It is the cant of despotism and infidelity to decry enthusiasm in the -cause of religion and liberty: they dread its vivifying effects, as they -detest the principles which give birth to its spirit; and therefore seek -to render that contemptible in the eyes of their fellows, which puts to -shame their own pretensions. What, it may be asked, was there in the -degrading frivolity,—in the cold and cheerless scepticism introduced -among Englishmen, at the restoration of the second Charles, which could -kindle in the breasts of men enthusiasm? or compensate in any degree for -the lofty hopes and generous darings of the Puritan -heroes?—nothing!—absolutely nothing!—all feeling, except malevolence -and voluptuousness, became congealed in the heart of man: and the nation -presented the melancholy spectacle, of a people stricken with a general -blight. It then became the fashion to ridicule the enthusiasm of the -bye-gone days,—and to brand the reformers and their principles with -terms of oblo<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_12a" id="page_12a">[Pg 12]</a></span>quy and reproach:—they were called -“hypocrites,”—“fanatics,”—“visionaries,” and “enthusiasts.” That the -leaders of them were sincere, is abundantly proved by their general -character for integrity, and the sacrifices they made to the cause in -which they had engaged;—that they were not “fanatics” is proved as far, -at least, as respects the <i>Independents</i>, the true Republicans, by the -liberality of their sentiments respecting religious toleration:—that -they were not altogether visionary in their plans of government, may be -demonstrated from the fact that the broad outline of policy marked out -by them, still continues to be the land-marks of British policy; and has -been so ever since, both with respect to our intercourse with foreign -nations and the conducting of our internal affairs:—and that their -enthusiasm neither debased their morals, nor weakened the force of their -discrimination nor judgment, the record of their comprehensive plans and -vigorous operations satisfactorily testifies. Among those whose memories -have shared the largest portion of this abuse General Ireton stands -conspicuous. His uncompromising sternness of principle, and intrepidity -of conduct naturally exposed him to this: nor is it to be wondered at -that such a character, possessing so much compass,—so much originality, -and diversity of feature, should be liable to misrepresentation: it is -the error of weak or rash minds to distort what they cannot comprehend; -and to mistake their own crudities for imperfections in the sublime -objects which they casually contemplate. The only cause for wonder would -have been, if such a character as <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, had not been exposed to -calumny and misrepresentation, by prejudiced persons, whose feeble or -oblique vision rendered them unable to penetrate the slight mists with -which error or inadvertency occasionally<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_13a" id="page_13a">[Pg 13]</a></span> dimmed the true light of his -glory: ascribing to deliberate criminality, or designed hypocrisy, what -in reality only arose from the defectibility of human nature. But is it -wise?—is it generous?—is it just?—in Englishmen thus to insult the -memories, and degrade the characters of men to whom they undoubtedly owe -much of that stamina in their moral character, which has so nobly -distinguished them among the nations of the earth? it cannot be! it is -high time that society, in the expression of its language, and the -indulgence of its opinions respecting them, reversed that attainder -under which they were condemned by the frivolous and licentious -generation which followed them. This was, as it were, conventionally -done by the country at the revolution in 1688—when the Stuarts were -decisively expelled the throne of these realms—and the foul infection -of their name, allowed no more to pollute the annals of Britain: a most -glorious achievement this; which deliberately recognizing by an act of -legislation the real voice of the people, as the only basis of -legitimate government laid “the divine right of kings” prostrate before -“the majesty of the people;” and then reared in triumph in the portico -of our constitution, as two beautiful pillars, the “Bill of Rights” and -the “Act of Toleration:” thus opening a more noble entrance than had -hitherto been enjoyed into that venerable edifice, reared by the -conjoined efforts of a long succession of more illustrious patriots than -ever graced the annals of any other country; that so Englishmen of every -name and party might be admitted to take refuge in its sanctuary, and -walk exulting in the light of its glory. The revolution of 1688 -certainly removed the stigma, which, but for that event might have -rested on the reformers of 1640 as traitors and rebels:—it gave them -generally a title to our gratitude<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_14a" id="page_14a">[Pg 14]</a></span> and veneration; and most happy will -the author of this little work feel himself, if, in following so good an -example, he may contribute in any degree, however small, to restore -particularly to his just rank among the acknowledged worthies of -Britain, one of the most illustrious of those patriots, his much abused -countryman, <span class="smcap">Henry Ireton</span>.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_16a" id="page_16a">[Pg 16]</a></span><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_15a" id="page_15a">[Pg 15]</a></span></p> - -<p class="c">ERRATA.<br /><br /> -Page 10, line 12, for <i>has</i> read <i>have</i>.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_1b" id="page_1b">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="IRETON" id="IRETON"></a>IRETON.</h2> - -<div class="blockquot"> -<p class="cb">—————</p> -<p class="indd">“It may be said, there wanted but little, perhaps only the -survivance of <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, to have made <span class="smcap">Cromwell</span> <i>intrinsically</i>, as -well as <i>splendidly</i> Great.” ... <i>Mrs. Hutchinson’s Memoirs.</i></p> -<p class="cb">—————</p> -</div> - -<div class="lnht"> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0"><big><big>A</big></big>S nature lights in solitude, the blaze<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of the proud gem; and deep conceals its rays<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Awhile, from human sight, till in full worth<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It breaks at last, in splendor on the earth;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So in these shades, she, <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>,<span class="fanc"><a name="fanc1" id="fanc1"></a><a href="#FN_1">(1)</a></span> lit thy mind,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With all the glories which adorn our kind;—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">First struck the spark, which kindling into flame,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Wreathes with a light ineffable thy name.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hero and Statesman;—Patriot! names rever’d!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which singly, to mankind has long endea<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_2b" id="page_2b">[Pg 2]</a></span>r’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The fame of others, center’d all in Thee;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Blent with true grace, and worn with dignity.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though faction’s breath thy glory overcast<br /></span> -<span class="i0">(As fogs the sun), awhile, the shades have pass’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Harmless away: for truth, with native might<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dispels the clouds of falsehood by her light.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Content I yield her Cato, now, to Rome;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her Brutuses,—her Cassius,—nor become<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Envious, that Greece Aristides can boast,—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Demosthenes, nor any of that host<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of glorious names, which blazon her fair page,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And swell the blast of fame through ev’ry age.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whilst <span class="smcap">Ireton’s</span> lofty deeds, adorn the spot,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I call my home, my country; I will not<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Covet the fame which other lands can give,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor age, nor place, o’er that in which I live.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who prizes freedom, prizes those who bought<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The precious rights;—whose valour for him wrought<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This good supreme: and holds them dear to fame,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Though tyrants brand their memory with shame.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_3b" id="page_3b">[Pg 3]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">When, from the grave, the Patriot’s limbs are torn,<span class="fanc"><a name="fanc2" id="fanc2"></a><a href="#FN_2">(2)</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">The despot’s triumph, and the minion’s scorn;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like him, who would not rather rot in air,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Than with the slave a tomb of marble share?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Better the gibbet, and the high renown<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The Patriot earns, than to sink slowly down<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By shameful life, and fill a dastard’s grave,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Scorn’d by the wise, the virtuous, and the brave;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And when remember’d, bear the curse of all<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whose gen’rous spirits scorn tyrannic thrall.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That there exists a slave, is the disgrace<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of man alone;—nature abhors the race:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The meanest thing she makes, of meaner life,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Will wage for liberty, perpetual strife:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Toils for itself alone, secure to find<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That state of comfort suited to its kind.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It, to no fellow brute, deep rev’rence yields,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who wastes the produce of an hundred fields;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Content to follow shiv’ring in his train,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The loyal victim of a tyrant’s reign:<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_4b" id="page_4b">[Pg 4]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor, leagued with others, to provide a feast,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Brings slaughter’d herds to gorge some kingly beast;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Seeking no further bounty than to taste,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For all this toil, a morsel of the waste:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then, weary, crouch and lick his wounds, o’erjoy’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That a kind monarch has <i>his</i> strength employ’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To cater for the royal appetite,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And kept his sacred person from the fight.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ask of the Beaver, Slave! what wholesome rules<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Binds his community,—unknown to schools:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Inquire the rights he claims,—the law he gives,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In that society in which he lives?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He will instruct thee, ’tis for mutual good,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To share defence, and fellowship and food:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That gen’ral benefit cements the tie,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which binds his species in society.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ask if he rears for some proud beast, a pile,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Secure and warm, and skulks himself, the while<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Into a den, expos’d to pinching cold,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To damp and hunger, on the bare earth roll’d?<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_5b" id="page_5b">[Pg 5]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Content and cheerful so <i>that</i> worthless beast,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which hunts not,—toils not, may profusely feast?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And learn, thy crimes, thy follies, fears, alone<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of all earth’s varied beings, make thee own<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A tyrant in thy equal;—whose control<br /></span> -<span class="i0">O’erawes thy pow’rs, and fetters e’en thy soul.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The brute, content with what kind nature gives,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Guards his own rights, and thus, in freedom lives.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or, if too weak for once, to guard the spoil,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">He bars no right, nor lends himself to toil<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or hunt, that others may doze out the day,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And wake to riot on his proffer’d prey.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But myriad slaves of human kind, are found<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To toil and sweat,—to cultivate the ground,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To spin, to weave, to mine, ’midst fœtid air<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And noxious damps,—to spend their lives with care<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And grief oppress’d,—by penury bow’d down,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That some vile mortal’s brows may wear a crown.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yes! nations faint beneath this dead’ning blight!—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">This mildew of oppression! in despite<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_6b" id="page_6b">[Pg 6]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of nature’s promptings, or of reason’s call,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Bound by the spells of superstition’s thrall.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A bigot priesthood,—or a venal train<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of selfish nobles, (such as govern Spain,)<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Can shackle millions! boasted reas’ning kind!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And awe, through fear of ills unknown, the mind.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Heavens! how they creep,—and cringe,—and fawn,—and fear<br /></span> -<span class="i0">These earthly Gods—and meanly stoop to bear<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Insult, and slav’ry’s yoke, to buy an hour<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of shameful life: whilst, in the lust of pow’r,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Their haughty despot sends his mandate forth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And makes a prison-house of this fair earth:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor nobly dare to strike for Liberty,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And die for Truth,—but, with servility,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Shake like weak reeds which by the rivers stand,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And bend obsequious to the dread command.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But who is he, that through the mists of Time<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Beams nobly forth, in look and port sublime,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Announc’d with benedictions on his name?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And title, fairest on the scroll of fame?<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_7b" id="page_7b">[Pg 7]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Before whom tyrants quake?—and conq’rors bow?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And haughty fav’rites sink their greatness low?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It is the Patriot! who when Danger frown’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And cruel foes his country hover’d round;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whilst hearts grew faint,—and hands sunk weak with fear,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As, stain’d with blood, the Conq’ror shook his spear,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And men, like herds of deer, when on the plain<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A tiger darts, in terror sought to gain<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The wood’s dark fastness, or the mountain’s side,—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Rallied their hopes; and taught them to abide<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With manly courage the invader’s blow,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And back the bolts of war hurl on th’ astonish’d foe:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It is the Patriot!—he who nobly dar’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">(When Tyranny his iron sceptre rear’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And millions crouch’d,) to spurn his fierce command,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And rouse the spirit of his native land.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Intent to rescue, treading in the dust<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The spite of factions,—rage of Kings,—and lust<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of haughty nobles, as the vineyard’s waste<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is trodden down, by him, whose hopes are pla<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_8b" id="page_8b">[Pg 8]</a></span>c’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On gath’ring a rich vintage,—firm he stood;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And sav’d his suffering Country by his blood.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Valiant to suffer! though his robe be red<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With crimson spots, from those dark stains is shed<br /></span> -<span class="i0">An odor, fragrant as the morning breeze<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Wafted at spring time o’er the blossom’d trees;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Yea! sweeter far! for a great nation lives,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In joy and freedom, by the life it gives.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A Patriot’s blood can make a holy shrine<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of meanest earth: with pow’r, as though divine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Can melt the heart,—can blanch the cheek, or fire<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The ardent spirit with exalted ire.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No spot so barren, by such life blood fed,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Midst snow-capt rocks,—or where dull marshes spread,—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In forest glooms,—or splendid city’s bound,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But hence is hail’d as consecrated ground.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Country, endear’d, assumes a lovelier hue,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And man, enfranchis’d, starts his race anew:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The pilgrim, wand’ring through some foreign clime,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Pensively led to mark the spoil of Time;<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_9b" id="page_9b">[Pg 9]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Beholds some widow’d city on the plain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who once led nations in her glorious train,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Espous’d of princes:—in whose days of mirth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Kings sought her favor, from the ends of earth.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whose armies, like thick clouds, around her throne<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Waited, to make her royal mandates known:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And ships, shadow’d the sea—floating sublime<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Like ocean demons:—linking clime to clime,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And land to land, in one vast, boundless sway,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They bade the world their lofty queen obey:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And at her feet laid down the gather’d spoil,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For which an hundred realms were doom’d to toil.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now childless homes,—cold hearths,—forsaken halls,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where ruin echoes to destruction’s calls,—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Alone remain: the wand’rer asks, in grief,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Why widow’d ages, close the years of brief<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And flitting glory, which once round her throne<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Play’d, like the sunbeams through the loop holes thrown<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which time hath worn in temple, tow’r, and roof?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Because she heeded not the sage reproof<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_10b" id="page_10b">[Pg 10]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of patriot warning!—but, in lustful pride,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Clad in the plunder which a world supplied,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lifted herself in grandeur o’er the rest,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And said, “I sit an eagle in my nest!”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her people vassals, and her nobles vain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Debauch’d and cruel, soon a tyrant’s reign<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Alone, was able to uphold her pow’r;—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And there she sits—the owl’s and dragon’s dow’r.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If seeking some memento, to convey<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Back to his home, which shall recall the way<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His feet has trod, in his lone pilgrimage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What think you shall his fondest thoughts engage?—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or waken deepest feelings for the fate<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of that “discrowned Queen,” who desolate<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dwells in a desert by her ruins made:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whom lux’ry first debauch’d,—then kings betray’d?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Will he attempt, ’midst urns and busts, to find,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Broken and scatter’d, something which the mind<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Can take unto itself? No!—all which art,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That seeks by flatt’ring marbles to impart<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_11b" id="page_11b">[Pg 11]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Remembrance of the mighty, will be cast<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Heedless away:—the tombs of kings be pass’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With unconcern;—his heart more pleas’d to save<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A simple leaf that decks her Patriot’s grave.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When through the maze of history we stray,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Beset with crime! how cheering in the way,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Midst desolations, conquests, rapine’s deeds,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Oppressions foul, at which the bosom bleeds,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To meet one name above the traitor’s lure,—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The tyrant’s frown,—who nobly seeks, to cure<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Those bitter woes inflicted on mankind<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By tyrant Pow’r;—his country’s wounds to bind;—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To lead exultant Freedom o’er its plains,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And teach, by virtue, man to break his chains;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As waters gushing in a desert land,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Rejoice the trav’ller,—so, refresh’d we stand,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And drink, in copious draughts, the streams which roll<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of truth and knowledge, from his gen’rous soul;—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Delighted view the landscape brighten round,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">See fruits burst forth, and flow’rs adorn the ground;<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_12b" id="page_12b">[Pg 12]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whilst man, no more debas’d, exerts new pow’rs,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And gives to truth and virtue, all his hours.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Such Patriots, Heroes, Britain! have been thine:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Such did thy Wickliffe, Russell, Hampden shine.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor beams the name on hist’ry’s page more sweet,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To patriot eyes, nor one he loves to greet<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With heartier welcomes, than the Chief’s, who here,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On Trent’s green banks, first drew the vital air.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No fawning parasite his soul beguil’d;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No courtly arts his youthful mind defil’d;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nurtur’d in solitude, his thoughts were free;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Daring and brave, he scorn’d servility;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Train’d in religion, and devote to truth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In virtuous labours pass’d his ripening youth;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thus grew his mind, for lofty deeds prepar’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To sternness moulded, by the toils he shar’d;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So grows the sapling oak, ’midst woods profound,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And gathers strength from storms which beat around:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">At length matur’d, a nation’s pride, in war<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It guards the realm, and spreads its fame afar.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_13b" id="page_13b">[Pg 13]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0"><span class="smcap">Ireton!</span> yet lives there one, in this base age,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whose heart thy manly virtues can engage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To love and rev’rence; as he greets the blow,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By which thou laid’st the treach’rous <span class="smcap">Stuart</span> low:<span class="fanc"> -<a name="fanc3" id="fanc3"></a><a href="#FN_3">(3)</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whilst hordes of slaves look’d on, with wond’ring awe,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And kings were taught obedience to law.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And still, in Charles’s blood, the lesson lives,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which teaches them ’tis Public <i>Will</i> that gives<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Alone the right to rule; and fixes sway<br /></span> -<span class="i0">On <i>subjects’ love</i>, and <i>interest to obey</i>;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Not “right divine,” that charm, by Priestcraft spread<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Round guilty thrones, to save th’ anointed head<br /></span> -<span class="i0">From public vengeance; when its crimes no more<br /></span> -<span class="i0">An outrag’d suff’ring people will endure.<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, enfranchis’d England truly owes,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With all mankind, much of the bliss that grows<br /></span> -<span class="i0">From rights secur’d, and privilege defin’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And pow’r control’d, to thy exalted mind.<span class="fanc"><a name="fanc4" id="fanc4"></a><a href="#FN_4">(4)</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">More had it ow’d, but, that mysterious heaven,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In all things just, deem’d that enough was given<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_14b" id="page_14b">[Pg 14]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">To teach mankind, too long abas’d, to prize<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What in religion,—what in freedom lies;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">So, to itself, recall’d thy soul, whose ray<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Had been the patriot’s guide through many a day<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of doubtful strife,—in many a troublous hour<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Had chas’d his gloom, and cheer’d him by its pow’r.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Long hadst thou, <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, borne, ’midst toils and blood<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The holy ark of Freedom;—long hadst stood<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thy Country’s hope;—lent vigour to her arms,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Light to her councils;—in her wild alarms<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Been her high rock;—her strong pavilion, where<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The brave took courage, and the weak lost fear;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ere heaven, on sudden, quench’d in the dread tomb<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thy glorious light; and left the land in gloom.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As the proud steed, impatient of the reins,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Frets at the hand whose pow’r his rage restrains,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And, if he breaks the curb, will fiercer run<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The dang’rous path his rider sought to shun;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Or if by shock severe he quits his seat,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The foaming courser darts on ruin fleet;<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_15b" id="page_15b">[Pg 15]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Leaves the plain track,—leaps fences yet untried,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And braves some mound, in insolence of pride,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">At which he falls: so, Cromwell,<span class="fanc"><a name="fanc5" id="fanc5"></a><a href="#FN_5">(5)</a></span> when the voice<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No more was heard, which once controll’d his choice:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, stern and rigid, in the cause<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of pure religion, equal rights and laws,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Remain’d no longer to abash the pride<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which sought, with bold ambition, to bestride<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The prostrate strength of a great realm, whose blood<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Had stream’d for Freedom as a copious flood:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Leap’d, madly o’er each guard which had secur’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The dear-bought rights: and, in his fall, ensur’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The ruin of that cause, so nobly won,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And left his country, and mankind, undone.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Darkness too soon o’erspread the land again,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Beneath a Tyrant’s lewd capricious reign:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Virtue and freedom were rever’d no more,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the stern virtues sought a genial shore:<span class="fanc"><a name="fanc6" id="fanc6"></a><a href="#FN_6">(6)</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">A new found world! by nature’s bounty grac’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With pow’rs stupendous;—and by wisdom plac’d,<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_16b" id="page_16b">[Pg 16]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where, undebauch’d by regal sway, might rise<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A pure Republic: to console the wise,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And teach the good, that heaven, this simple plan,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As yet, designs to staunch the woes of man:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When all shall know, from liberty what flows,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And share the bliss that <i>equal law</i> bestows.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But God, in wrath, the benefit suspends;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And k—s, its ministers of vengeance, sends<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To rule on earth, that vicious man may see<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The bitter fruits of his impiety:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For iron sceptres, only, can command,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And haughty despots rule, a venal land.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The lion roams the monarch of the wood;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For might must sway, where subjects hunt for blood.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Could ought to gen’rous spirits reconcile<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The kingly rule, such monarchs as our isle,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In the fourth George presents, “<i>a patriot King</i>,”<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Just, lib’ral, and humane, the balm must bring:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A reign where pow’r but guards the subject’s right,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the proud crown beams fair with freedom’s light.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_17b" id="page_17b">[Pg 17]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Had such the Stuart’s been the raging blast,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which, from his throne, the bigot Monarch cast,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And, in dread fury, hurl’d in ruin, down,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The lofty ones of earth, had not been known.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hid in the solitudes of private life,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Earth’s lowly sons had mingl’d not in strife<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With mighty names, princes and pow’rs, whose state<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Seem’d, once, to dare the wildest storms of fate.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But, as the ocean on its billows bears,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In raging mood, the mire and dirt it tears<br /></span> -<span class="i0">From its low bed, and overwhelms the pride<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of halls and palaces; so drear and wide<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The ravage made, when through its custom’d mound<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Subjection bursts, and owns no settled bound.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">O’er rank and state the torrent rises high,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whilst ruin’d thrones and altars prostrate lie.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Let princes learn, then, righteously to sway:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And to their subjects’ weal just def’rence pay:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor lust of pow’r e’er tempt them to withstand<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What justice prompts the <i>People</i> to demand.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_18b" id="page_18b">[Pg 18]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Let rights of conscience, social claims allow’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Disarm the factious, and confound the proud:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who seek, ’midst wounded spirits,—tortur’d minds,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That cement which a suff’ring people binds.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then shall rebellion to establish’d pow’r,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Be as the snow drift beat against a tow’r<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of massive strength; which may obscure, awhile,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Its native grandeur, but, anon, the pile<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Shall show its beauty, whilst the vengeful storm<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Melts at its base, no longer to deform.<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Rebellion!</i> ’tis a foul,—an odious deed!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The traitor, justly, is to death decreed:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But <i>nations</i> may not bear the hateful name,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nor, in their gen’ral acts, incur the shame.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A <i>rebel People</i>, no where can be found;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For public will, alone, can fix the bound<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of law and right, determine the just plan<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of social government, and give to man<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What may comport, in fix’d society,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With gen’ral good and private liberty.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_19b" id="page_19b">[Pg 19]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Traitors, when rightly scann’d, are the base <i>few</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who claim those rights which to the whole are due.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And be they kings, lords, demagogues, or mobs,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who seek such sway, each manly bosom throbs<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With anguish at their thrall; nor will sustain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Longer than force compels, their iron reign.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The Lark, by nature taught to wing the air,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Flutters and strives, his native skies to share,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As much, when gilded wires confine his wings,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As when from rustic twigs his durance springs:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Tis not the <i>sort</i> of prison, but the <i>cage</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">He mourns; and freedom must his woes assuage.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A pow’r as strong as fate; which force defies:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is that a common suffering supplies.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When men bethink them of the wrongs they feel<br /></span> -<span class="i0">From tyrant’s foul contempt of public weal;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And look upon their little ones at play,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Inheritors of slav’ry! born t’obey<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Oppression’s cruel lash,—yet, not allow’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To share the good their sweat procures the proud<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_20b" id="page_20b">[Pg 20]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Enthrall’d by laws severe, unjust, refin’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">By cruel policy, the soul to bind;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Their fev’rish spirits drink their hearts blood dry<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With long despair: or, else, in agony,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">They burst their chains; and, reckless of the life<br /></span> -<span class="i0">No longer priz’d, rush, madden’d, into strife.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Before such spirit hirelings disappear,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As leaves are scatter’d when the sullen year<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Marshals its troop of storms;—and forests shake,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">While from her brows fierce blasts the crown of nature take.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The gales which fan the earth,—the rolling streams,—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The echoing rocks,—the sea,—the sun’s bright beams;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All nature joins to bind, refresh, inspire,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To lift the high resolve,—to fix the strong desire;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When once a nation, rous’d from slavery,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Has caught the thrilling sound of <span class="smcap">Liberty!</span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">From tongue to tongue,—from heart to heart it flies,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hand clench’d in hand, the desp’rate struggle tries;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The tocsin sounds to arms! Resistance wakes:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And his weak bonds the rising giant breaks.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_21b" id="page_21b">[Pg 21]</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Such spirit call’d the valiant heroes forth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of Charles’s age:—theirs the exalted worth,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To strive for freedom,—rights of conscience,—all<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That England’s worthies good and noble call;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And nobly triumph too,—in the just cause<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of teaching kings to rule by wholesome laws.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And ’mongst that gen’rous band, no name more dear,<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><span class="smcap">Ireton!</span> than thine: with breast estrang’d to fear;—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">With fame unsullied;—uncorrupt in heart;—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In motive pure;<span class="fanc"><a name="fanc7" id="fanc7"></a><a href="#FN_7">(7)</a></span> thou well perform’dst thy part.<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, farewell! but, often as my eyes,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In my lone walks shall view this spire arise,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In the blue vale,—which marks the spot, rever’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Where thou, the glory of thy age, first shar’d<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The vital air, thou shalt my rev’rence claim,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And I will pause—and bless the Patriot’s name.<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_22b" id="page_22b">[Pg 22]</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -</div> - -<h2><a name="SONG" id="SONG"></a>SONG.</h2> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i3">Fill the cup to the ghosts of the dead!<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The sage and the hero of old:—<br /></span> -<span class="i3">The men who for liberty bled,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Unaw’d, uncorrupted by gold.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i8"><small>CHORUS</small>.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i3">Their mem’ries we’ll cherish,<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Their names ne’er shall perish,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The rights which they won shall by us be preserv’d:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The glory they earn’d shall by us be deserv’d!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i3">Strike the harp to the praise of the dead!<br /></span> -<span class="i4">With songs their high honors proclaim:—<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Our valiant forefathers! who bled<br /></span> -<span class="i4">For country, and freedom, and fame.<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Their mem’ries we’ll cherish,<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Their names ne’er shall perish,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The rights which they won shall by us be preserv’d:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The glory they earn’d shall by us be deserv’d!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i3">Chant a dirge to the shades of the dead!<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The worthies of Albion’s story:<br /></span> -<span class="i3">But let no weak tears be shed;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">They rest in the light of their glory.<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Their mem’ries we’ll cherish,<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Their names ne’er shall perish,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The rights which they won shall by us be preserv’d:—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The glory they earn’d shall by us be deserv’d!<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_23b" id="page_23b">[Pg 23]</a></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<h2><a name="O_ENGLAND_MY_COUNTRY" id="O_ENGLAND_MY_COUNTRY"></a>“O ENGLAND, MY COUNTRY!”</h2> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">O England, my country! the land of the free;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Thou queen of the ocean, most fair!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The myrtle and laurel belong unto thee;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To science and liberty dear:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When dark clouds of slavery hung o’er the world,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And Europe was buried in night,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Midst thee, was the standard of freedom unfurl’d,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Religion o’er thee shed her light.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Should conquest allure thee; aggression provoke;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">How terrible art thou array’d!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But mercy descends, as thy arm gives the stroke,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To heal the deep wounds war has made.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The light of the nations, my country! art thou;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">A beacon that cheers the world round;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Thy name is a refuge—in it monarchs hide,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And earth’s thousand realms own its sound.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Go search the bright record of deeds which belongs<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To France, or to Spain’s proudest days,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Their glory was built on humanity’s wrongs,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Their fame was the lightning’s fierce blaze:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">But England! thy glory is rais’d on true worth,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And fair, as it beams o’er the wave,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sheds light which illumines the crowns of the earth,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And cheers e’en the hut of the slave.<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_24b" id="page_24b">[Pg 24]</a></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<h2><a name="TO_LIBERTY" id="TO_LIBERTY"></a>TO LIBERTY.</h2> - -<div class="blockquot"> -<p class="cb">—————</p> -<p class="c"><i>Written at the Tomb of Col. Hutchinson, Owthorpe, -Nottinghamshire.</i></p> -<p class="cb">—————</p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Hail! heaven-born Liberty! I feel thy pow’r<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Awakening in my breast, at this lone hour,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As o’er thy martyr’s tomb I fondly bend;<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Such holy, fervent ecstasy,<br /></span> -<span class="i3">That health, and strength, and life, for thee!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In noble daring I would freely spend.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who blushes not, to bear the name of <i>Slave</i>,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Let him not venture near this hallow’d grave.<br /></span> -<span class="i3">There is a fresh’ning odour round,<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Which makes the freeman’s heart to bound<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Like summer leaves;—but the blanch’d cheek,<br /></span> -<span class="i3">Tyrants and vassals show,—bespeak<br /></span> -<span class="i3">A fear is on them, which awakens dread,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">As though their step should rouse th’ indignant dead.<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_25b" id="page_25b">[Pg 25]</a></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<h2><a name="NOTES" id="NOTES"></a>NOTES.</h2> - -<div class="nts"> -<p class="indd"><span class="fnote"><a name="FN_1" id="FN_1"></a><a href="#fanc1">(1)</a></span> HENRY IRETON, so well known for his republican principles and the -great part he took in the affairs of his country during the dispute -between Charles the First and his parliament; and, subsequently to the -death of the unfortunate Monarch, for the sway he bore in the councils -of Cromwell, was the eldest Son of German Ireton, Esq. of Attenburrow, -near Nottingham, and was born in the year 1610. He was entered a -Gentleman Commoner of Trinity College, Oxford, in 1626; and from his -great proficiency in learning, took, so early as 1629, the degree of -Bachelor of Arts. From College he removed to the Middle Temple, where he -studied the common law; but the civil war breaking out, he quitted his -pursuits in that line, to serve in the army, where he made such -proficiency in the military art, that some have not scrupled to say, -even Cromwell himself learned the rudiments of war from him. He sat in -the long Parliament, for Appleby, but at what time he was returned, does -not appear quite clear; probably some time between 1640 and 1647. Soon -after his going into the army, he married Bridget, eldest daughter of -Mr. Oliver Cromwell, afterwards Protector. At the new modelling of the -army, in 1645, he was raised to the rank of Commissary General, having -rapidly passed through the subordinate degrees of command. He greatly -distinguished himself in many actions, particularly at the battle of -Naseby, in which, his ardor having led him too far from his men, he was -taken prisoner by the Royalists; but, in the confusion which soon after -ensued in the king’s army, he made his escape.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_26b" id="page_26b">[Pg 26]</a></span></p> - -<div class="poetry1"> -<span class="i0"><span class="fnote"><a name="FN_2" id="FN_2"></a><a href="#fanc2">(2)</a></span> “<i>When from the grave the Patriot’s limbs are torn</i>,”<br /></span> -</div> - -<p class="indd">After the restoration of Charles the Second, the body of <span class="smcap">Ireton</span> was -removed from its tomb, in Westminster Abbey, where it had been interred -with great pomp by direction of Cromwell, and conveyed on a hurdle to -<span class="smcap">Tyburn</span>, upon which it was taken from the coffin and hung on the gibbet -from sun-rise to sun-set; the head was then severed from the body and -set upon a pole, and the carcase buried under the gallows. Ludlow, -speaking of the preceding pompous funeral with which <span class="smcap">Ireton</span> was -honoured, by his father-in-law Cromwell, and in allusion to the -subsequent degradation of his body, says, “<span class="smcap">Ireton</span> would have despised -these pomps, having erected for himself a more glorious monument in the -hearts of good men, by his affection to his country, his abilities of -mind, his impartial justice, his diligence in the public service, and -his virtues; which were a far greater honor to his memory, than a -dormitory among the ashes of kings; who, for the most part, as they had -governed others by their passions, so were they as much governed by -them.”</p> - -<div class="poetry1"> -<span class="i0"><span class="fnote"><a name="FN_3" id="FN_3"></a><a href="#fanc3">(3)</a></span> “<i>By which thou laid’st the treach’rous Stuart low</i>:”<br /></span> -</div> - -<p class="indd">Noble says, “<span class="smcap">Ireton</span> was perhaps more than any other man the cause of the -king’s death:—and which is said to be owing to his having intercepted a -letter from his Majesty to the Queen, in which his destruction along -with that of Cromwell was fixed:” thus attempting to make private -revenge or retaliation, rather than a sense of public duty, the -operating principle of his mind in his subsequent conduct towards the -infatuated monarch. A notion in which he is not at all borne out by -contemporary testimony: for though Bishop Burnet remarks, that “Cromwell -was wavering whether to put the king to death or not; but that <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, -who had the temper and principles of a <span class="smcap">Cassius</span>, stuck at nothing that -might have turned England into a Commonwealth, hoping that by the king’s -death that all men concerned in it would become irreconcileable to -monarchy;” yet it cannot be reasonably inferred from this, that he was -at all actuated by personal considerations, but only,<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_27b" id="page_27b">[Pg 27]</a></span> that by this -decisive step, when Charles’s insincerity was placed beyond doubt, such -a bond of union would be formed amongst the whole body of Reformers, and -their immediate descendants, as should, in a manner, guarantee the -complete abolition of royalty, by a sense of the common danger to which -they would be exposed, in their persons and properties, by its -restoration.</p> - -<p class="indd">Mrs. Hutchinson, in her memoirs, alluding to the condition and treatment -of the king at Hampton Court, after he was delivered up to the -Parliamentary Commissioners by the Scots, says, “The king, by reason of -his daily converse with the officers, began to be trinkling with them, -and had drawn in some of them to engage others to fall in with him;” but -to speak the truth of all, Cromwell was at that time so uncorruptibly -faithful to his trust, and to the people’s interest, that he could not -be drawn in to practice even his own usual and natural dissimulations on -that occasion. His son-in-law, <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, that was as faithful as he, was -not so fully of opinion (till he had tried it and found to the contrary) -but that the king might have been managed to comply with the public good -of his people, after he could no longer uphold his own violent will; -but, upon some discourses with him, the king uttering these words to -him, “I shall <i>play my game</i> as well as I can,” <span class="smcap">Ireton</span> replied, “if your -Majesty have <i>a game</i> to play, you must give us liberty also to play -ours.”</p> - -<p class="indd">Colonel Hutchinson discoursing privately with his cousin (<span class="smcap">Ireton</span>) about -the conversations he had with the king,—the latter made use of these -expressions: “He gave us words, and we paid him in his own coin, <i>when -we found he had no real intention to the people’s good</i>, but to prevail -by our factions, to regain by art what he had lost in fight.”</p> - -<p class="indd">This conviction of the king’s insincerity, and this alone, appears to -have determined <span class="smcap">Ireton</span> to accomplish his death. The public good he -evidently believed required it: and, as in this cause, he was prepared -to lay down his own life; so he was resolved that no individual’s life -should be an obstacle to its furtherance. That “he was perhaps more than -any other man the cause of the king’s death,” may be readily believed: -but that his conduct in that solemn affair proceeded upon the despicable -principle of private revenge, because the king had secretly resolved, -previously, upon his destruction and that of Cromwell, may be safely -denied. His motives are better explained in the following extract from<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_28b" id="page_28b">[Pg 28]</a></span> -the speech made by him upon the motion that no more addresses be made to -the King, from Parliament, nor any messages received from him; wherein -he says, “Subjection to the king is but in lieu of protection from him, -which being denied, we may settle the kingdom without him.” With his -rooted antipathy to the government of a single person, and his bold and -decisive character; at the same time possessing a mind fitted for the -most daring resolves, and capacious of enterprizes requiring boldness, -and skill in their accomplishment, there can be no wonder that he was -amongst the foremost in bringing about the death of the king. This -perfectly agrees with the character given of him by <span class="smcap">Neal</span>, in his history -of the Puritans, where he remarks, “Lieutenant-General Ireton was bred -to the law, and was a person of great integrity; bold and intrepid in -all his enterprizes, and never to be diverted from what he thought just -and right, by any arguments or considerations. He was most liberal in -employing his purse and hazarding his person in the service of the -Public.” To this may be added the testimony of <span class="smcap">Whitlock</span>, who, in -speaking of some reforms proposed in the election and composition of the -House of Commons, says, “<span class="smcap">Ireton</span> was chiefly employed in them, having -learned some grounds of law, and having a laborious and working brain -and fancy.” In another place he remarks, “this gentleman (Ireton) was a -person very active, industrious, and stiff in his ways and purposes: he -was of good abilities for council as well as action; made much use of -his pen, and was very forward to reform the proceedings in law, wherein -his having been bred a lawyer was a great help to him. He was stout in -the field, and wary in councils; exceedingly forward as to the business -of a Commonwealth.” These credentials of character and motive, will, -undoubtedly, prove sufficient to every impartial mind, to clear the fame -of General Ireton from the foul stigma attempted to be fixed on it by -<span class="smcap">Noble</span>, in his memoirs.</p> - -<div class="poetry1"> -<span class="i0"><span class="fnote"><a name="FN_4" id="FN_4"></a><a href="#fanc4">(4)</a></span> “<i>to thy exalted mind</i>”<br /></span> -</div> - -<p class="indd"><span class="smcap">Ireton</span> was, in his day, emphatically called the “Scribe,” from his skill -in drawing up petitions, declarations, &c. The remonstrance of the army -for justice against the king, the agreement of the people, the ordinance -for the trial of the king, the precept for proclaiming the high<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_29b" id="page_29b">[Pg 29]</a></span> court -of justice, and many other important state papers of that eventful -period, are believed to be his production.</p> - -<p class="indd">Extracts from one or two of these interesting documents will tend to -place the character and principles of this virtuous republican in their -just light, and strikingly exemplify the fact that there is scarcely a -great object of reform at present contemplated by British patriots, or -which has been entertained at any period since his time, but what his -bold and sagacious mind had entertained as necessary to secure the -liberty of the subject. The proposals of the army, as preserved in -Rushworth, contemplate the following great objects of political reform, -viz. “that the duration of parliaments be limited,—elections better -regulated,—the representation more equally distributed,—improper -privileges of members of parliament given up,—the coercive powers and -civil penalties of bishops taken away,—the laws simplified and lessened -in expense,—monopolies set aside,—tythes commuted,” &c.</p> - -<p class="indd">In “the agreement of the people,” designed to change the form of -government into a simple commonwealth without a king or house of lords, -were the following just and liberal sentiments relating to religion: and -which, through the bigotry of the age, were the main cause of its not -being more generally supported, viz. “All persons professing religion, -however differing in judgment from the doctrine, discipline, and worship -publicly held forth, to be protected in the profession of their faith, -and exercise of their religion according to their consciences, so as -they abuse not this liberty to the civil injury of others, or the -disturbance of the public peace.” Yet is this great man continually -branded as a fanatical sectarian, by the advocates of arbitrary power, -although his patriotism, his benevolence and candour, are apparent in -all the public transactions of the eventful period in which he lived, -over which he had any control, or with which he was in any way -concerned.</p> - -<div class="poetry1"> -<span class="i4"><span class="fnote"><a name="FN_5" id="FN_5"></a><a href="#fanc5">(5)</a></span> “<i>So Cromwell, when the voice</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>No more was heard, which once controll’d his choice.</i>”<br /></span> -</div> - -<p class="indd">The great influence which <span class="smcap">Ireton</span> possessed over <span class="smcap">Cromwell</span>, and the -obstacles which his unbending republican principles, and genuine -patriotism presented to the accomplishment of his ambitious longings, -are strikingly remarked by Mrs Hutchinson, who says, “His (Cromwell’s)<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_30b" id="page_30b">[Pg 30]</a></span> -son-in-law, <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, lord deputy of Ireland, would not be wrought over to -serve him, but hearing of his machinations, determined to endeavour to -divert him from such destructive courses. But God cut him short by -death.” And it is delicately remarked by the editor of that lady’s -memoirs, in a note, by way of comment, on an act of Cromwell towards -Col. Hutchinson, that, “it may be thought there wanted but little, -perhaps only the survivance of <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>, to have made Cromwell -<i>intrinsically</i>, as well as <i>splendidly</i> Great.” A finer compliment to -the genius and virtues of <span class="smcap">Ireton</span> cannot well be imagined.</p> - -<p class="indd"><span class="smcap">Whitlock</span> says, “Cromwell had a great opinion of him, and no man could -prevail so much, or order him so far, as <span class="smcap">Ireton</span> could;” his death is -very pointedly regretted by the same author, on account of the great -influence he had over the mind of Cromwell; deeming it more than -probable, that the prolongation of his life might have made a great -difference in the subsequent conduct of that extraordinary man: the -justness of which supposition is strikingly exemplified, by the change -in Cromwell’s policy, which almost immediately followed upon this event.</p> - -<p class="indd">“General Ireton,” says the history of England, “was much celebrated for -his vigilance, industry, capacity, and for the strict execution of -justice in that unlimited command which he possessed in Ireland. He was -observed to be inflexible in all his purposes for the public good; and -was animated with so sincere and passionate love of liberty, that he -never could have been induced by any motive, to submit to the smallest -appearance of regal government. Cromwell was much affected by his death; -and the republicans who reposed unlimited confidence in him were -disconsolate.”</p> - -<p class="indd"><span class="smcap">Noble</span> likewise admits that, “he was beloved by the republicans in the -highest degree; they admired him alike as a soldier and a statesman, and -revered him as a saint.”</p> - -<p class="indd">The man who was acknowledged to have such claims, by the commonwealth’s -men, a body comprizing, probably, more genius, virtue, and sterling -patriotism, than were ever united for the accomplishment of any social -purpose in the annals of mankind, must have been unquestionably an -extraordinary person; and is, it may safely be affirmed, still entitled -to the high veneration of every real friend to the true interests of -man.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_31b" id="page_31b">[Pg 31]</a></span></p> - -<div class="poetry1"> -<span class="i0"><span class="fnote"><a name="FN_6" id="FN_6"></a><a href="#fanc6">(6)</a></span> “<i>And the stern virtues sought a kindlier shore.</i>”<br /></span> -</div> - -<p class="indd">Previous to the standard of resistance to the arbitrary proceedings of -the court being raised in England, several small bodies of puritans had -passed over to America, and began the colonization of the tract of land -called <i>New England</i>: many more joined them upon the approach of the -troubles which they saw coming upon the country; impelled, partly, by a -desire to avoid being engaged in open rebellion against the government, -whose violence and tyranny they perceived were driving men’s minds to -desperate resolves, but mostly influenced by an earnest fervor to enjoy -amidst the solitudes of that unexplored country, the privilege of -worshipping God agreeably with the dictates of an enlightened -conscience: a privilege they could not enjoy in their native country, -under the bigoted and intolerant policy which swayed in the councils of -the misguided Charles: this consideration had, at one time, induced -<i>Cromwell</i>, <i>Hampden</i>, <i>Haslerigge</i>, and many other non-conformists of -rank and influence, to determine to take refuge in New England: Cromwell -and his family, as well as others of the party, had embarked, and the -rest were on the point of so doing, but were prevented leaving the -kingdom by an order in council, “directing the lord treasurer to take -speedy and effectual course for the stay of eight ships then in the -river Thames, prepared to go to New England, and for putting on land all -the passengers and provisions therein intended for the voyage.” “Those -whom God destines to destruction, he deprives of their -understanding,”—the very men thus compelled by the king in council to -remain at home, became the immediate instruments by which the blood of -the saints, and the cries of the oppressed were avenged on a guilty -court and a cruel hierarchy. When the restoration of the Stuarts to -power became apparent, still greater numbers of the republicans and -non-conformists sought refuge in New England from the persecutions which -they foresaw awaited them. To the descendants of these men, inheriting -the noble detestation of arbitrary power which so strikingly -distinguished their forefathers, America owes all her <i>real</i> greatness. -The New England men still exhibit a distinct feature in American -society, and probably possess more virtue, intelligence, and -independence of character than is to be found in any other state in the -union.—<i>See Doctor Dwight’s Travels in New England.</i><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_32b" id="page_32b">[Pg 32]</a></span></p> - -<div class="poetry1"> -<span class="i0"><span class="fnote"><a name="FN_7" id="FN_7"></a><a href="#fanc7">(7)</a></span> <i>“In motive pure;” &c.</i><br /></span> -</div> - -<p class="indd">For the disinterestedness of <span class="smcap">Ireton’s</span> motives in the discharge of his -public functions, the following anecdote from <span class="smcap">Ludlow</span>, who was next in -command to him in Ireland, at the period of the transaction, shall -suffice.</p> - -<p class="indd">“The parliament,” he says, “also ordered an act to be brought in, for -settling two thousand pounds per annum on the lord-deputy <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>,” (out -of the confiscated estates of the Duke of Buckingham, and which, -therefore, it might have been thought he could have the more -conscientiously accepted than, though it had been drawn directly from -the pockets of the people,) the news of which, being brought over, was -so unacceptable to him, that he said, they had many just debts, which he -desired they would pay before they made such presents; that he had no -need of their lands, <i>and would not have it</i>; and that <i>he should be -more contented to see them doing the service of the nation, than so -liberal in disposing of the public treasure!</i>—What would the patriotic -general have said of some modern British parliaments?—No wonder, that -the hungry place and pension hunting pack, that returned in the train of -Charles the second, procured the exhumation of the bones of such an -enemy to their tribe as <span class="smcap">Ireton</span>: the light of whose glory, in his -generosity and disinterestedness, showed so much of the deformity of -their mercenary and malignant natures—that indignity towards all that -remained of him, in their power, as far as their little malice could -accomplish it, was necessary to give them any degree of consequence, -even in their own eyes.</p> - -<p class="fint">FINIS.<br /><br /><br /> -S. BENNETT, PRINTER, NOTTINGHAM.</p> - -</div> - -<hr class="full" /> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Ireton, A Poem, by Thomas Bailey - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRETON, A POEM *** - -***** This file should be named 60112-h.htm or 60112-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/1/1/60112/ - -Produced by Tim Lindell, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project -Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you -charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you -do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the -rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose -such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and -research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do -practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is -subject to the trademark license, especially commercial -redistribution. - - - -*** START: FULL LICENSE *** - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project -Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at -http://gutenberg.org/license). - - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy -all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. -If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the -terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or -entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement -and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" -or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the -collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an -individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are -located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from -copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative -works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg -are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project -Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by -freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of -this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with -the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by -keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project -Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in -a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check -the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement -before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or -creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project -Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning -the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United -States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate -access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently -whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, -copied or distributed: - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived -from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is -posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied -and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees -or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work -with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the -work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 -through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the -Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or -1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional -terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked -to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the -permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any -word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or -distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than -"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version -posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), -you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a -copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon -request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other -form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided -that - -- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is - owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he - has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the - Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments - must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you - prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax - returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and - sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the - address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to - the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." - -- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or - destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium - and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of - Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any - money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days - of receipt of the work. - -- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set -forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from -both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael -Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the -Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm -collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain -"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or -corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual -property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a -computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by -your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with -your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with -the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a -refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity -providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to -receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy -is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further -opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER -WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. -If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the -law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be -interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by -the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any -provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance -with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, -promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, -harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, -that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do -or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm -work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any -Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. - - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers -including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists -because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from -people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. -To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation -and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 -and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive -Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at -http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent -permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. -Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered -throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at -809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email -business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact -information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official -page at http://pglaf.org - -For additional contact information: - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To -SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any -particular state visit http://pglaf.org - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. -To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate - - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - http://www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - - -</pre> - -</body> -</html> diff --git a/old/60112-h/images/cover.jpg b/old/60112-h/images/cover.jpg Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index d16c86b..0000000 --- a/old/60112-h/images/cover.jpg +++ /dev/null |
