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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6582a93 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #54908 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/54908) diff --git a/old/54908-0.txt b/old/54908-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 1c9a8d4..0000000 --- a/old/54908-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3189 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Thirteenth -Regiment of Light Dragoons: From It, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Thirteenth Regiment of Light Dragoons: From Its Formation in 1715 to 1842 - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: June 14, 2017 [EBook #54908] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD--13TH REG. LIGHT DRAGOONS *** - - - - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - Some minor changes are noted at the end of the book. - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORDS - -OF - -THE BRITISH ARMY. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE-GUARDS_, - _1st January, 1836_. - -His Majesty has been pleased to command, that, with a view of doing -the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals who -have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with the -Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the British -Army shall be published under the superintendence and direction -of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall contain the -following particulars, viz., - - ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of - the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time - employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations, - in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any - Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, - &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. - - ---- The Names of the Officers and the number of Non-Commissioned - Officers and Privates, Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying - the Place and Date of the Action. - - ---- The Names of those Officers, who, in consideration of their - Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the - Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other - Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour. - - ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers - and Privates as may have specially signalized themselves in - Action. - - And, - - ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been - permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges - or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honourable - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend -upon the zeal and ardour, by which all who enter into its service -are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that -any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which -alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object, than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to -incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have -preceded him in their honourable career, are among the motives that -have given rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -"London Gazette," from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on -the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their -orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill -and bravery, and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour -of their Sovereign's Approbation, constitute the reward which the -soldier most highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic -account of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command, that every Regiment shall in future -keep a full and ample record of its services at home and abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active -service, and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during -peace, the British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, -with little or no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which -so many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services, and of acts of -individual bravery, can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under His -Majesty's special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk -of the Adjutant-General's Office; and while the perusal of them -cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every -rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and -information to the general reader, particularly to those who may -have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, -or are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment -to every thing belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a -narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove -interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great,--the -valiant,--the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with -a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race -of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood, "firm -as the rocks of their native shore;" and when half the World has -been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained -by our countrymen,--our brothers,--our fellow-citizens in arms,--a -record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their -gallant deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the -public. - -Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers, will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value -and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment -will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall -be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE THIRTEENTH - - REGIMENT OF - - LIGHT DRAGOONS; - - CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF - - THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT - - IN 1715, - - AND OF - - ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES - - TO - - 1842. - - LONDON: - JOHN W. PARKER, WEST STRAND. - M.DCCC.XI.II. - - - LONDON: - HARRISON AND CO., PRINTERS, - ST. MARTIN'S LANE. - - - [Illustration: (Badge with Motto)] - - THE THIRTEENTH - LIGHT DRAGOONS - - BEAR ON THEIR CHACOS AND APPOINTMENTS - - THE MOTTO - - _VIRET IN ÆTERNUM_; - - AND THE WORDS - - "PENINSULA," AND "WATERLOO," - - TO COMMEMORATE THE SERVICES OF THE REGIMENT IN - PORTUGAL, SPAIN, AND THE SOUTH OF FRANCE, - FROM 1810 TO 1814; - - AND AT THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO, ON - THE 18TH JUNE, 1815; - - UNDER - FIELD MARSHAL THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. - - - - -CONTENTS. - - - Year Page - - 1715 Formation of the Regiment 9 - - ---- Names of the Officers 10 - - ---- Rebellion of the Earl of Mar.--Action at Preston -- - - 1718 The Regiment proceeds to Ireland 12 - - 1742 Returns to England 13 - - 1745 Rebellion in Scotland 14 - - ---- Battle of Preston-Pans 15 - - 1746 --------- Falkirk 18 - - 1749 Embarks for Ireland 20 - - 1751 Description of the Clothing and Guidons -- - - 1783 Constituted _Light Dragoons_ 25 - - 1784 Clothing changed from Scarlet to _Blue_ -- - - 1795 Two Troops embark for Jamaica 28 - - 1796 The Regiment proceeds to Barbadoes -- - - ---- Services in the Island of St. Domingo 29 - - ---- ------------------------- Jamaica -- - - 1798 Returns to England 30 - - 1803 In readiness to repel the projected French Invasion 31 - - 1807 Reviewed by the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York 32 - - 1809 Ditto, ditto, and other Members of the Royal Family 33 - - 1810 Embarks for Portugal 34 - - ---- Joins the Army in the Alemtejo -- - - 1810 Capture of a party of French Dragoons at Ladoera 35 - - ---- Battle of Busaco 39 - - ---- Lines of Torres Vedras 40 - - 1811 Action at Campo Mayor 41 - - ---- Party Surprised near Olivenza 46 - - ---- Covering the Siege of Olivenza 47 - - ---- Action near Los Santos -- - - ---- Covering of the Siege of Badajoz 48 - - ---- Battle of Albuhera -- - - ---- Action at Usagre -- - - ---- --------- Arroyo de Molinos 50 - - ---- Skirmish between La Nava and Merida 51 - - 1812 Covering the Siege of Badajoz 52 - - ---- Attack on the French post at Almaraz 53 - - ---- Action at Usagre 54 - - 1813 The French driven from Salamanca 56 - - ---- Battle of Vittoria -- - - ---- --------- the Pyrenees 58 - - ---- ------------- Nive 59 - - ---- Action at Hasparen -- - - 1814 --------- Sauveterre 60 - - ---- Battle of Orthes 61 - - ---- Rencounter at Ayre 62 - - ---- Action at St. Gaudens 63 - - ---- Battle of Toulouse 65 - - ---- Returns to England -- - - ---- Embarks for Ireland 66 - - 1815 Proceeds to Flanders 67 - - ---- Battle of Waterloo 68 - - ---- Advances to Paris 71 - - 1816 Returns to England 71 - - 1819 Embarks for India 72 - - ---- Stationed at Arcot 73 - - 1820 Removes to Bangalore -- - - 1826 Returns to Arcot -- - - 1828 Proceeds to Arnee -- - - 1829 Marches to Bangalore -- - - 1832 Resumes wearing Scarlet Clothing -- - - 1833 Authority to retain the motto _Viret in æternum_ 74 - - 1836 Facings changed to _Green_ -- - - 1839 Action at Zorapoor 75 - - 1840 Orders issued previous to quitting India 76 - - ---- Returns to England 79 - - ---- Blue Clothing, with Buff Facings, resumed -- - - 1841 Inspected by the Duke of Cambridge -- - - 1842 Attends as a Guard of Honor to the King of Prussia - on his Visit to England 80 - - ---- The Conclusion 81 - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. - - - Year Page - - 1715 Richard Munden 82 - - 1722 Sir Robert Rich, Bart. 83 - - 1725 William Stanhope 84 - - 1730 Henry Hawley 85 - - 1740 Robert Dalway 86 - - 1741 Humphrey Bland 87 - - 1743 James Gardiner -- - - 1745 Francis Ligonier 90 - - 1746 Philip Naison 91 - - 1751 Sir Charles Armand Powlet, K.B. 92 - - ---- Hon. Henry Seymour Conway -- - - 1754 John Mostyn 93 - - 1758 Archibald Douglas 94 - - 1778 Richard Pierson 95 - - 1781 Francis Craig -- - - 1811 Hon. Sir Henry George Grey, G.C.B., G.C.H. -- - - 1715} - to } SUCCESSION OF LIEUT.-COLONELS 96 - 1842} - - -[Illustration: THIRTEENTH LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - [_To face page 1._ -] - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF - -THE THIRTEENTH - -REGIMENT - -OF - -LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - -[Sidenote: 1715] - -During the summer of 1715, when treachery, treason, and mistaken -notions of duty, united with the intrigues of foreign courts, -menaced Great Britain with domestic war, and when the expectations -of the friends of the Pretender were become sanguine of effecting -his speedy elevation to the throne, King George I. augmented the -regular army, and the THIRTEENTH REGIMENT OF DRAGOONS was raised -in the midland counties of England, by Brigadier-General RICHARD -MUNDEN, whose valour, loyalty, and devotion to the house of Hanover -were undoubted. The following officers were appointed to the -regiment by commissions dated the 22nd of July, 1715. - - _Captains._ - - Rich. Munden, _Col._ - Clem. Neville, _Lt.-Col._ - Sam. Freeman, _Maj._ - Francis Howard - Lutton Lister - ---- Heblethwayte - - _Lieutenants._ - Hen. de Grangues, _Capt. Lt._ - Philip Bridgman - Thomas Mason - Francis Hull - Henry Dawson - John Molyneux - - _Cornets._ - - Gerald Fitzgerald - Chas. Greenwood - William Freeman - William Williamson - John Watson - Martin O'Bryan. - -After its formation the regiment occupied quarters in Cheshire, -where it was stationed, under the command of Major-General -Wills, when the rebellion in Scotland, headed by the Earl of -Mar, commenced. When the insurgents, under General Forster and -Brigadier-General Mackintosh, advanced into Lancashire, the -regiment was directed to proceed towards Manchester, to confront -and fight the rebel bands; it was formed in brigade with Stanhope's -dragoons (afterwards disbanded), under the command of its colonel, -Brigadier-General Munden, and at break of day on the 12th of -November, it advanced towards _Preston_, where the rebels had taken -post, and had barricaded the avenues of the town. After driving in -the rebel piquets, the king's troops formed, about three in the -afternoon, opposite the main streets; a squadron of the regiment -dismounted, to take part in storming the avenue leading to Wigan, -and the other two squadrons supported the storming party which -attacked the avenue leading to Lancaster. The first barrier was -carried in gallant style; but the inner barricade could not be -forced for want of cannon. The soldiers took possession of some -buildings, threw a breastwork across the road, and set the houses -between the breastwork and barricade on fire; thus blockading the -insurgents in the town. Major-General Carpenter afterwards arrived -with some additional forces, and the rebel bands surrendered at -discretion. The regiment had four men and twelve horses wounded in -this service, and its colonel was thanked for his gallant conduct -at the head of one of the storming parties. - -After escorting the rebel prisoners to the nearest gaols, the -regiment was placed in cantonments in Lancashire, where it was -stationed until the final suppression of the rebellion in Scotland, -by the troops under the Duke of Argyle, in the early part of 1716. - -[Sidenote: 1716] - -[Sidenote: 1717] - -The regiment assembled in April, 1716, at Manchester, where it -was inspected, and afterwards marched into dispersed quarters -in Wiltshire; in April, 1717, it marched into the counties of -Berks and Hants, and passed the following winter at Worcester and -Bromsgrove. - -[Sidenote: 1718] - -In the spring of 1718 the regiment marched to Gloucester and -Tewksbury: a reduction in the army took place, and in the autumn -of this year, the THIRTEENTH Dragoons embarked at Liverpool for -Ireland, to replace a regiment ordered to be disbanded in that -country. - -[Sidenote: 1719] - -[Sidenote: 1722] - -[Sidenote: 1725] - -The THIRTEENTH Dragoons were stationed in Ireland during the -remainder of the reign of King George I., and also during the first -fourteen years of the reign of King George II. Their colonel, -Brigadier-General Munden, was removed, in 1722, to the eighth -dragoons, and was succeeded by Brigadier-General Sir Robert Rich, -Baronet, whose regiment of dragoons, raised in 1715, had been -disbanded. On the decease of Brigadier-General Munden, in 1725, Sir -Robert Rich was removed to the eighth dragoons, and was succeeded -by Colonel William Stanhope, afterwards Earl of Harrington, who -raised a regiment in 1715, which was disbanded in 1718. - -[Sidenote: 1730] - -Lord Harrington was appointed Secretary of State, and the colonelcy -of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons was conferred, on the 7th of July, 1730, -on Colonel Henry Hawley, from the thirty-third foot. - -[Sidenote: 1735] - -[Sidenote: 1739] - -[Sidenote: 1740] - -[Sidenote: 1741] - -Colonel Hawley was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in -1735, to that of major-general in 1739, and was removed to the -Royal Dragoons in May, 1740, when he was succeeded by Colonel -Robert Dalway, from the thirty-ninth foot. This officer died in -November of the same year, and in January, 1741, King George II. -conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on Colonel Humphrey Bland, -from the thirty-sixth foot. - -[Sidenote: 1742] - -In 1742 a British army was sent to Flanders, to support the house -of Austria against the combined efforts of the King of France and -the Elector of Bavaria, and the THIRTEENTH Dragoons were withdrawn -from Ireland, and stationed in South Britain. - -[Sidenote: 1743] - -Brigadier-General Bland was removed to the third dragoons in April, -1743, and King George II. promoted Lieut.-Colonel JAMES GARDINER, -from the Inniskilling Dragoons, to the colonelcy of the THIRTEENTH -dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1744] - -Colonel Gardiner left the sixth dragoons in Germany, and joined -his regiment in England, and being a most zealous and efficient -officer, he bestowed much care on its discipline, equipment, and -the condition of the horses. - -[Sidenote: 1745] - -The THIRTEENTH Dragoons were stationed in Scotland when the -rebellion, headed by Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, -broke out in that country in the summer of 1745, and they were -ordered to take post at Stirling, from whence Lieut.-General Sir -John Cope, the commander-in-chief in Scotland, advanced with a -small force into the Highlands, but he was unable to stop the -progress of the numerous bands of mountaineers which had joined -the Pretender's standard, and he embarked with some infantry -from Aberdeen for Leith. When the rebel army advanced to cross -the Firth, the THIRTEENTH Dragoons moved to Falkirk, and their -commanding officer, Colonel Gardiner, was desirous of being -reinforced by other troops, in order to be enabled to make some -effectual opposition; but he was suddenly ordered to proceed with -his own and Hamilton's (fourteenth) dragoons, by forced marches, -to Dunbar, to join Sir John Cope. This hasty retreat before an -enemy which the soldiers were desirous of attacking, produced a bad -effect on the minds of the men, and they were further disheartened -by hearing that the rebels had gained possession of Edinburgh, -towards which city they were directed to advance. The young -Pretender put the clans in motion to meet the king's troops, who -were not half so numerous as their opponents; and on the 20th of -September the two armies confronted each other near the village of -_Preston-pans_, seven miles from Edinburgh. When the THIRTEENTH -Dragoons had formed in line, Colonel Gardiner rode along the ranks -and addressed the men in the most animated manner; the soldiers -desired to be led against the enemy, and Colonel Gardiner suggested -to Sir John Cope the advantages which would probably result from -an immediate attack on the insurgent bands; but a defensive plan -was adopted, which proved another source of discouragement to the -dragoons[1]. - -The troops passed the night in the fields, and the THIRTEENTH -Dragoons furnished videttes and patroles to watch the motions of -the rebel army, which advanced to the attack before day-light on -the following morning. A chosen band of Highlanders was discovered -through the thick atmosphere advancing against the right; and two -other columns of mountaineers were in motion to join in the attack; -as they drew near, they raised a loud shout, fired a volley, threw -down their muskets, and rushed sword in hand upon the soldiers -guarding the artillery on the right, who, finding themselves -assailed by more than three times their own number, gave way and -fled. The dragoons, seeing the artillery lost, became disheartened; -the THIRTEENTH fired their carbines, and then advanced to charge -a column of Highlanders, so numerous, that the dragoons were -dismayed, and being seized with a sudden panic, the greater part -of them fled. A few, however, including Colonel Gardiner, and -Lieut.-Colonel Whitney, charged manfully; Colonel Gardiner highly -distinguished himself, and though shot in the breast, refused to -retire; Lieut.-Colonel Whitney was shot in the arm, and was forced -to withdraw; Lieutenant Grafton and Quarter-Master Burroughs -were wounded and taken prisoners; Quarter-Master West, a man of -distinguished bravery, and about fifteen dragoons rallied round -their colonel, but were overpowered, the quarter-master was taken -prisoner, and few of the men escaped. Colonel Gardiner afterwards -rode towards some infantry, and while in the act of encouraging -them to make a resolute stand, he was cut down by a Highlander with -a scythe fastened to a pole, and as he fell, another Highlander -gave him a mortal blow on the head; thus terminated the career -of a most meritorious officer, who was distinguished for strict -attention to duty, personal bravery, and christian virtues. - -The infantry having been overpowered, the whole fled from the -field. The THIRTEENTH Dragoons passed through Preston, and were -rallied at the west end of the town, from whence Lieut.-General Sir -John Cope retired with them to Berwick. - -The loss of the battle of Preston-pans proved a serious disaster, -as the rebels obtained possession of a train of artillery, and a -great quantity of arms, and were afterwards enabled to penetrate -into England. The THIRTEENTH Dragoons joined the troops under -Field-Marshal Wade, at Newcastle, and afterwards returned to -Scotland, and the colonelcy was conferred on Colonel Francis -Ligonier, from the forty-eighth foot, an excellent officer, -conspicuous for zeal for the service and personal bravery. - -[Sidenote: 1746] - -After the retreat of the rebels from Derby back to Scotland, the -regiment marched to Edinburgh, where a small army was assembled -under Lieut.-General Hawley, and the rebels having besieged -Stirling Castle, the troops advanced, in the middle of January, -1746, to raise the siege, and halted near _Falkirk_, where a camp -was formed. The rebels advanced to meet the King's forces, and -a general engagement was fought on Falkirk Moor on the 17th of -January. Colonel FRANCIS LIGONIER, of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, was -taken ill of a pleurisy; he was bled and blistered on the 14th of -January, but no consideration could keep him from his duty, and he -quitted his bed and commanded the brigade of dragoons at the battle -on the 17th of January. The action was commenced by a charge of the -cavalry; Colonel Ligonier led the THIRTEENTH Dragoons forward with -great spirit, broke the first line of rebels, and cut down a number -of opponents, but he was unable to force the second line, and a -heavy storm of wind and rain beat so violently in the soldiers' -faces as to produce some confusion. Lieut.-Colonel Whitney, who had -recovered from his wounds received at Preston-pans and resumed his -duty, was killed fighting in the midst of a crowd of Highlanders; -several other officers and a number of men were also killed and -wounded. The torrent of battle flowed in favour of the rebels, and -one wing of the King's army retired; a few regiments, however, -maintained their ground with the most heroic bravery, and were -supported by Colonel Ligonier with a party of dragoons; after -dark, the King's troops being exposed to a heavy rain, retired to -Linlithgow. Colonel Ligonier covered the retreat with his dragoons -to Linlithgow, and being drenched with rain and benumbed with cold, -he was seized with an inflammation in the throat, of which he died -on the 25th of January, much regretted by the regiment. - -The THIRTEENTH Dragoons withdrew from Linlithgow to Edinburgh, -and when the Duke of Cumberland took the command of the army and -advanced against the rebels, the regiment was left at Edinburgh, -and directed to patrole along the roads leading westward to prevent -the insurgents receiving intelligence. - -On the 17th of February, 1746, the colonelcy was conferred on -Philip Naizon, from the lieut.-colonelcy of the first royal -dragoons. - -The rebellion in Scotland was suppressed by the decisive battle of -Culloden, on the 16th of April, 1746. - -[Sidenote: 1748] - -[Sidenote: 1749] - -In 1748, a treaty of peace was concluded at Aix-la-Chapelle; the -dragoon regiments on foreign service returned to England, and -in the early part of 1749, the THIRTEENTH Dragoons embarked for -Ireland. - -[Sidenote: 1751] - -Colonel Philip Naizon died in January, 1751, and was succeeded -in the colonelcy of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons by Major-General Sir -Charles Armand Powlet, K.B. from the ninth regiment of foot. This -officer died in November of the same year, and was succeeded by -Colonel the Honorable Henry Seymour Conway, from the thirty-fourth -regiment of foot. - -The following particulars respecting the uniform and guidons of the -regiment, have been extracted from a royal warrant, dated the 1st -of July, 1751. - -COATS,--scarlet, double-breasted, without lappels, lined with -_light green_; slit sleeves turned up with light green; the -button-holes ornamented with narrow yellow lace; the buttons flat, -of yellow metal, set on three and three; a long slash pocket in -each skirt; and a yellow worsted aiguillette on the right shoulder. - -WAISTCOATS AND BREECHES,--light green. - -HATS,--three-cornered, bound with gold lace, and ornamented with -a black cockade and a yellow loop. The forage cap red, turned up -with light green, and 13.D. on the little flap. - -BOOTS,--of jacked leather. - -HORSE FURNITURE,--of light green cloth; the holster caps and -housings having a border of white lace, with a yellow stripe down -the centre; XIII.D. embroidered, in white, upon a red ground, -within a wreath of roses and thistles, on the housings; and upon -the holster caps, the King's cipher and crown, with XIII.D. -underneath. - -CLOAKS,--of scarlet cloth, with a light green cape and lining; the -buttons set on three and three upon white frogs, or loops, with a -yellow stripe down the centre. - -OFFICERS,--distinguished by gold lace and embroidery, and a crimson -silk sash worn across the left shoulder. - -QUARTER-MASTERS,--to wear a crimson silk sash round their waists. - -SERJEANTS,--to have narrow gold lace on their cuffs, pockets, and -shoulder straps; gold aiguillettes, and light green and yellow -worsted sashes tied round their waists. - -DRUMMERS AND HAUTBOYS,--light-green coats, lined with scarlet, and -ornamented with white and yellow lace; scarlet waistcoats and -breeches. - -GUIDONS,--the first, or King's guidon, to be of crimson silk, with -a silver and yellow fringe; in the centre, the rose and thistle -conjoined, and crown over them, with the motto, _Dieu et mon -Droit_, underneath; the white horse in a compartment in the first -and fourth corners, and XIII.D. in silver characters, on a light -green ground, in the second and third corners: the second and -third guidons to be of light-green silk; in the centre XIII.D. in -silver characters on a crimson ground, within a wreath of roses and -thistles on the same stalk; the white horse on a red ground, in the -first and fourth corners; and the rose and thistle conjoined, upon -a red ground, in the second and third corners; the third guidon to -have a figure 3, on a circular red ground, under the wreath. - -[Sidenote: 1754] - -On the removal of Lieut.-General Conway to the fourth Irish horse, -now seventh dragoon guards, in July, 1754, Colonel John Mostyn was -appointed to the colonelcy of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, from the -Seventh Royal Fusiliers. - -[Sidenote: 1757] - -[Sidenote: 1758] - -[Sidenote: 1759] - -[Sidenote: 1761] - -Colonel Mostyn was promoted to the rank of major-general, in 1757, -and was removed in 1758, to the Fifth Royal Irish Dragoons,--when -His Majesty conferred the colonelcy of the THIRTEENTH on Archibald -Douglas, from the lieut.-colonelcy of the fourth dragoons. This -officer was one of the King's aides-de-camp and a member of -parliament, and he was promoted to the rank of major-general in -1759, and to that of lieut.-general in 1761. - -[Sidenote: 1768] - -[Sidenote: 1770] - -In the clothing warrant of 1768, the facings of the regiment are -directed to be of _deep green_, and the waistcoats and breeches of -buff, instead of light-green. White waistcoats and breeches were -adopted a few years afterwards, and a small red and white feather -was introduced into the cocked-hats. - -[Sidenote: 1778] - -Lieut.-General Douglas died at Dublin, in October, 1778, and was -succeeded by Lieut.-General Richard Pierson, from the thirty-sixth -foot. This officer was rewarded with the dignity of a Knight of the -Bath. - -[Sidenote: 1779] - -In 1779, the regiment proceeded by forced marches to the north of -Ireland, in consequence of disturbances in that quarter, and its -presence soon restored order. - -[Sidenote: 1780] - -The THIRTEENTH Dragoons encamped in 1780, with the army in the -neighbourhood of Ardfinnan,--and, on the breaking up of the -encampment, moved into quarters at Clonmel, Carrick-on-Suir, and -Cappoquin. - -[Sidenote: 1781] - -Lieut.-General Pierson expired suddenly on the morning of the -13th of February, 1781, and was succeeded by Lieut.-General -Francis Craig, from the lieut.-colonelcy of the First regiment of -Foot-Guards. - -In 1781 the regiment marched to Charleville and Bruff, and was -subsequently stationed at Cork, where it received orders to -proceed, with some other regiments and artillery under the command -of Colonel Ralph Abercromby, against George Robert Fitzgerald, who -had fortified his family residence near Castlebar, in the county of -Mayo, and was in open rebellion against the laws. On the arrival -of the forces at Castlebar, they proceeded on the service assigned -to them,--but Fitzgerald had fled and quitted the country: some -ship guns, which he had mounted, were seized and brought into the -barracks at Castlebar,--where the THIRTEENTH remained,--sending -detachments to Ballinrobe and Sligo. - -[Sidenote: 1782] - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -Soon after the termination of the American war, in 1782, the -regiment underwent a change of clothing and equipment, and was -constituted a corps of LIGHT CAVALRY. The cocked-hats were -replaced by helmets, and appointments of a lighter description -than formerly worn. These alterations were completed in 1783. In -the spring of this year the regiment was stationed at Belturbet -and Sligo; and, in consequence of the barracks at the former place -falling down in the winter, a detachment was sent to Cavan. - -[Sidenote: 1784] - -In 1784 the colour of the clothing was changed from scarlet to -_blue_, and the facings to light buff. - -In May the regiment--then designated the "THIRTEENTH LIGHT -DRAGOONS" in the Annual Army List--again assembled at Belturbet, -and, after the usual inspection, marched into quarters at Athlone, -Roscommon, and Cloghan, when the horses were turned out to grass -for the first time since the commencement of the American war. -After the peace the establishment had been reduced to one hundred -and forty-four men, and one hundred and thirty-eight horses. - -[Sidenote: 1785] - -The THIRTEENTH were reviewed at Athlone, in June, 1785, and marched -into quarters at Kilkenny, Ballyragget, and Carrick-on-Suir. - -[Sidenote: 1786] - -In June, 1786, the regiment assembled for inspection at Kilkenny, -and marched to Mallow, Bandon, and Tallow. - -During the winter of this year the troops were moved from Mallow to -Cork, in consequence of disturbances; and they, as well as those at -Bandon and Tallow, were constantly on duty, and greatly harassed; -the gaols were filled with their prisoners of "White Boys," -"Peep-o'day-Boys," &c., as the different bands of these misguided -men called themselves. - -[Sidenote: 1787] - -In May, 1787, the regiment marched to Cashel, where it was -inspected, and in June it was quartered in Maryborough, -Mountmelick, and Thurles. - -[Sidenote: 1788] - -[Sidenote: 1789] - -The regiment proceeded to Dublin in June, 1788, and subsequently -moved into the Phœnix Park barrack, Navan and Man of War. - -[Sidenote: 1790] - -In June, 1790, the THIRTEENTH were stationed at Clonmel, Clogheen, -Mallow, and Charleville, and at the end of this year a draught of -men was sent to the Twentieth Dragoons at Jamaica. - -[Sidenote: 1791] - -The regiment was inspected in June, 1791, and the detachment at -Mallow was withdrawn to Clonmel. - -[Sidenote: 1792] - -After the inspection in May, 1792, the regiment marched to Athlone, -Roscommon, and Portumna. - -In the mean time a revolution had taken place in France, where the -destructive principles of democracy had overthrown all legitimate -authority, divested the sovereign of regal power, and threatened to -involve Europe in war. Under these circumstances the British army -was augmented, and five men and horses were added to each troop of -the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -The French republicans having added to their numerous atrocities -the decapitation of their sovereign, war commenced in 1793, and -the establishment of the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons was further -augmented. - -After the inspection in October, the regiment changed its quarters -to Belturbet and Sligo. It was called upon to furnish thirty-six -mounted men to complete the cavalry regiments augmenting for -foreign service. - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -In the beginning of 1794 the regiment marched to Ballinrobe and -Castlebar, part of it remaining stationed in Sligo. - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -The violence of party in France soon kindled a corresponding -sensation in the colonies of that country in the West Indies, where -the whites, mulattoes, and blacks, became inflamed against each -other, and when the decree of "_Equality_" passed, an open rupture -followed. The blacks revolted, particularly in the island of St. -Domingo. Anarchy, massacre, and devastation followed, and several -planters obtained aid from the English, and transferred their -allegiance from France to the British crown. Additional forces were -ordered to the West Indies. Two troops of the THIRTEENTH Light -Dragoons were withdrawn from Ireland in June, 1795; they remained a -few weeks in England, and embarked, in September, for Jamaica. - -[Sidenote: 1796] - -The regiment, having received orders to prepare for service in -the West Indies, assembled at Mallow, and there delivered over -its horses for the use of other corps; it afterwards embarked at -Cork and sailed to Bristol, where it met the Fourteenth Dragoons, -destined for the same service. It subsequently proceeded into -quarters at Warminster and Frome, thence to Salisbury, Winchester, -and Southampton, where it embarked in transports; and joining other -vessels containing troops belonging to the expedition, the whole -proceeded to Cove Harbour, and in February, 1796, seven troops -of the regiment sailed for Barbadoes, where they arrived in the -beginning of April. - -Captain Bolton of the THIRTEENTH was sent to purchase horses in -America. - -From Barbadoes the regiment sailed to St. Domingo; but the -reduction of that island was found to be impracticable, as the -health of European troops could not be preserved long enough to -reduce the blacks and French revolutionists to obedience. The -THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons, partly mounted on horses sent from -America, had a few skirmishes with the armed bands which possessed -the country, and a party of the regiment which accompanied the -expedition against the town of Bombarde, had an opportunity of -charging the enemy with great effect; but the climate soon reduced -the regiment to a skeleton: it lost twenty officers, seven troop -quarter-masters, and two hundred and thirty-three soldiers in six -months, and the few remaining officers and soldiers were removed to -Jamaica in December. - -A part of the regiment, under the command of the Honorable Colonel -Walpole of the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons, who was promoted to the -local rank of major-general, shared in the dangers and fatigues of -the harassing warfare against the Maroons in Jamaica, until its -successful termination, which, with the consequent safety of the -island, was attributed to the talent, energy, and courage displayed -by the major-general; and a sword of the value of five hundred -guineas was voted to him by the house of assembly. - -[Sidenote: 1798] - -The regiment remained at Jamaica until July, 1798, when it -transferred a few of the surviving men to the Twentieth Light -Dragoons, and the remainder, amounting only to fifty-two -individuals, embarked for England, where they arrived in October, -and landed at Gravesend. - -[Sidenote: 1799] - -The THIRTEENTH were stationed at Trowbridge, and subsequently at -York. Every exertion was made under the active superintendence -of Lieut.-Colonel Bolton, to complete the establishment, which -was soon effected; and in August, 1799, the regiment marched to -Birmingham. It was shortly afterwards stationed at Coventry, -Warwick, and Stratford-on-Avon. About this period the strength -of the regiment was increased to nine troops, amounting to eight -hundred and two men, and the same number of horses. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -In 1800 part of the regiment occupied Leicester and Nuneaton, and -the establishment was increased to ten troops. In the autumn of -this year, the THIRTEENTH were quartered at Norwich, Aylsham, -Walsham, Beccles, Bungay, and Wymondham. - -[Sidenote: 1801] - -[Sidenote: 1802] - -In the beginning of 1801 the establishment was increased to nine -hundred and two men and the same number of horses; the regiment was -distributed, at different periods during this and the following -year, in quarters at Atleborough, Dedham, Maningtree, Norwich, -Colchester, Ipswich, Sudbury, Stowmarket, Needhammarket, Hadleigh, -Woodbridge, and Boston. - -Hostilities with France having been terminated by the treaty of -Amiens, in the summer of 1802 the establishment was reduced to -eight troops, amounting to five hundred and sixteen men, and four -hundred and thirty-six horses. The quarters were changed to Romford -and Hornchurch. - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -The conduct of General Bonaparte, then first consul of France, soon -produced another war, which commenced in 1803, when the regiment -was augmented to six hundred and four men and the same number of -horses; it was quartered at Hounslow, Windsor, and Hampton Court, -and held in readiness to assist in repelling the threatened French -invasion by an army assembled at Boulogne. - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -The French armament continuing at Boulogne, and the preparations -for invading England being augmented, in 1804, the regiment -occupied Sandwich, Stonar, and Ramsgate, with an establishment -increased to eight hundred and fifty-four men, and seven hundred -and fifty-four horses, which was subsequently augmented to one -thousand and sixty-four men, and the same number of horses. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -[Sidenote: 1806] - -In the autumn of 1805, the French army marched for Germany, and the -project of invading England was laid aside. Towards the end of the -year, the regiment was quartered at Canterbury; and in September, -1806, it occupied Deal, Sandwich, and Ramsgate, its strength being -reduced to eight hundred and fifty-four men and horses. - -[Sidenote: 1807] - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -In the summer of 1807, the THIRTEENTH were distributed in quarters -at Kingston, Richmond, and Twickenham. The regiment was reviewed -by the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York, and, in consequence -of the high opinion formed of it by their royal highnesses, the -order for its march to Dorchester was countermanded, and it was -detained to form, with the Twelfth Light Dragoons, a brigade, under -the command of Colonel Bolton of the THIRTEENTH, which brigade was -reviewed by His Royal Highness the Duke of York. The THIRTEENTH -afterwards proceeded to Dorchester and Weymouth, from whence -detachments were sent to Radipole, Wareham, Bridport, and, in the -beginning of 1808, to Blandford, Trowbridge, and Gosport. - -The regiment was reviewed by His Royal Highness the Duke of -Cumberland at Dorchester. Its establishment of horses was reduced -to seven hundred and fifty-four: it assembled at Exeter for review, -and was distributed in quarters at Totness, Modbury, Truro, -Taunton, Honiton, Tiverton, and Exeter. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -In the summer of 1809, the regiment was quartered at Hounslow, -Hampton Court, Richmond, Twickenham, Chertsey, Staines, and Egham, -and was reviewed by His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, and -subsequently by His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, attended by -their Royal Highnesses the Dukes of York, Clarence, Cumberland, and -Cambridge, the Duke of Brunswick Oels, &c. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -Portugal and Spain had, in the mean time, become the theatre of -war; the French emperor had overrun those countries with troops, -and had placed his brother Joseph on the throne of Spain; and -a British army, commanded by Lord Wellington, was aiding the -inhabitants of the Peninsula in their resistance to the gigantic -power of Napoleon. The THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons were selected -to join the Peninsular army. Eight troops, mustering about nine -hundred officers and soldiers, embarked at Portsmouth in February, -1810, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Michael Head; they sailed -to Lisbon, from whence one squadron was detached to Cadiz, which -fortress was invested on the land side by the French, and the -Spanish regency had solicited the aid of British troops. The other -six troops landed at Lisbon,--Portugal having been delivered, by -British skill and valour, from the power of the enemy. - -After a short halt at Belem to refresh the men and horses after the -voyage, the regiment marched to the Alemtejo, and was attached to -the division commanded by Lieut.-General Sir Rowland Hill, which it -joined in May, in the neighbourhood of Portalegre. At this period -a powerful French army was about to invade Portugal under Marshal -Massena, Prince of Esling, who boasted he would drive the English -into the sea, and plant the eagles of France on the walls of -Lisbon; but he was ignorant of the qualities of British soldiers, -and of the abilities of their commander. The allied army withdrew, -before the very superior numbers of the enemy, towards Lisbon, in -front of which city the celebrated lines of Torres Vedras were -forming to arrest the torrent of invasion. The movements of the -THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons were connected with those of the division -under Sir Rowland Hill, and eventually with the Portuguese cavalry -under Brigadier-General Henry Fane. - -After withdrawing from the frontiers of Portugal, the head-quarters -were established at Escalhos de Cima, and a troop of the regiment, -commanded by Captain William White, with a troop of the Fourth -(Portuguese) Dragoons, were stationed at _Ladoera_, to watch the -movements of General Reynier's corps. - -On the morning of the 22nd of August, Captain White, when foraging -with about fifty of his troop, received information of the approach -of a reconnoitring party of about sixty French dragoons, whom he -pursued, and attacking them with the most distinguished bravery, -wounded several, and captured two officers, the whole of the men, -and fifty-eight horses, without sustaining any loss. - -Captain White, on perceiving the enemy, sent for the troop of -Portuguese cavalry, who promptly advanced to his support, but they -could not arrive in time to take an active share in either the -conflict or capture. - -The following report of this occurrence was forwarded to -head-quarters. - - "_Escalhos de Cima, 22nd August, 1810._ - - "SIR, - - "I have the honour to report to you that the troop of the - THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons, and one of the fourth Portuguese - dragoons, under the command of Captain White of the THIRTEENTH, - at Ladoera, this morning, fell in with a patrole of the enemy's - dragoons, consisting of one captain, two subalterns, and about - sixty men. Captain White fortunately succeeded in coming up with - them, when he immediately charged and overturned them; and the - result has been the capture of two lieutenants, three serjeants, - six corporals, one trumpeter, and fifty privates, and about - sixty horses: the captain was also a prisoner, but escaped, - during the bustle, on foot. - - "I am happy to say, this has been performed without the loss of a - man on our side: six of the enemy are wounded. - - "Captain White expresses his obligations to Major Charles A. - Vigoureux[2] of the thirty-eighth regiment, who was a volunteer - with him; and to the Alferes Pedro Raymando di Oliviera, - commanding the Portuguese troop (which he states to have done - its duty extremely well, and to have shown much gallantry), and - also to Lieutenant Samuel Charles Turner, of the THIRTEENTH Light - Dragoons, to whose activity and courage he reports himself to - be indebted for several of his prisoners. I trust the whole - will be considered to have merited the approbation of the - commander-in-chief. - - "I am, &c., - "H. FANE, Brigadier-General. - - "_To Lieut.-General Hill, &c. &c._" - -And the following orders were subsequently published:-- - - "_Lazados, 23rd August, 1810._ - - "Lieut.-General Hill has received, with much satisfaction, from - Brigadier-General Fane, the report of an attack made yesterday - morning by a squadron consisting of one troop of the THIRTEENTH - British Light Dragoons and one troop of the Fourth Portuguese - Dragoons, under the command of Captain White of the former, on a - body of the enemy's cavalry at Ladoera, the result of which was - the capture of two lieutenants, three serjeants, six corporals, - one trumpeter, and fifty dragoons, and about fifty-eight horses. - The conduct of Captain White and the officers, non-commissioned - officers, and men of the two services engaged in this affair, - merits the lieut.-general's best thanks, and he will not fail to - lay the particulars before the commander of the forces. - - "The brigadier-general has much pleasure in communicating the - preceding order, and he congratulates the officers and soldiers - concerned on having merited the approbation of the lieut.-general - commanding the division." - - - "_Escalhos-de-Cima, 28th August, 1810._ - - "Major-General Fane has received the orders of His Excellency - Lord Wellington, Commander-in-Chief, &c. to convey to Captain - White[3] and Lieutenant Turner of the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons, - and to the Alferes Pedro Raymando di Oliviera, of the Fourth - regiment of Portuguese Dragoons, and to the non-commissioned - officers and soldiers engaged in the affair of the 22nd instant, - near Ladoera, His Excellency's approbation of their conduct, and - to inform them, that His Excellency will not fail to report his - sense of their behaviour in the most favourable terms to His - Majesty and to His Royal Highness the Prince Regent." - -The captured horses were sold by auction, and the proceeds of the -sale divided among the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -After some further retrograde movements, Lord Wellington resolved -to oppose the enemy's forces on the rocks of _Busaco_, and during -the hard-fought battle on the 27th of September, the THIRTEENTH -Dragoons were posted in front of Alva to observe and check the -movements of the French cavalry on the Mondego. The squadron -detached to Cadiz had, in the mean time, returned to Portugal, and -it joined the regiment about this period. - -After sustaining a severe repulse at Busaco, the enemy turned the -position by a flank movement, and the allied army withdrew to -the lines of _Torres Vedras_. During the skilful performance of -these difficult operations, the numerous cavalry of the enemy were -effectually kept in check by the British squadrons, who, by their -bold front and noble daring, whenever an opportunity occurred, -succeeded in instilling into their adversaries a dread of their -superior prowess. The French marshal viewed the stupendous works -of Torres Vedras with astonishment and dismay, and finding it -impossible to accomplish his threat of driving the English into the -sea, he withdrew to Santarem, when the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons -advanced, and having crossed the Tagus in boats at Valada, they -proceeded to Chamusca, a village, situated on the left bank of the -river. - -The THIRTEENTH Dragoons were stationed some months at Chamusca -and its neighbourhood, where Marshal Sir William Carr Beresford -fixed his head-quarters, having under him a strong body of -troops to prevent the passage of the Tagus, and to intercept all -communications between Marshal Massena and Marshal Soult. In this -service the regiment was employed until the 6th of March, 1811, -when the French army having retired from Santarem, it moved forward -in pursuit, and the scenes of devastation, slaughter, and confusion -it witnessed on the line of the enemy's disastrous retreat, exceed -description. After following the French a considerable distance, -the regiment was detached, with other forces under Marshal -Beresford, to the relief of _Campo Mayor_, which fortress was -besieged by a detachment from Marshal Soult's army. - -Campo Mayor surrendered before the arrival of the troops sent -to its relief, and the French, having dismantled the works, -were marching out of the town as the British approached it on -the morning of the 25th of March,--they consisted of nearly -nine hundred cavalry, three battalions of infantry, some horse -artillery, and a battering train of sixteen guns, under the command -of their celebrated general, Latour Maubourg. One squadron of the -THIRTEENTH Dragoons was attached to the light division on this -occasion; a troop was with a brigade of Portuguese infantry, and -five troops were at the head of the column. Having turned the town -by the left, the regiment sent forward one troop to skirmish with -the enemy, who retreated by the Badajoz road. The British pressed -forward in a semi-circular form, to enclose the French, who halted -with their infantry in square, and their cavalry formed in their -front and rear. Colonel MICHAEL HEAD was directed to attack with -the two squadrons of the THIRTEENTH, amounting to two hundred and -three officers and soldiers, and he led them forward with the most -distinguished gallantry[4]; a regiment of French hussars advanced -to meet the THIRTEENTH, and the opposing horsemen raised a loud -shout and rushed upon each other. Several men were overthrown by -the shock; the combatants pierced through on both sides, and facing -about, charged each other again with the most heroic bravery. A -sharp sword conflict ensued, in which the valour of the THIRTEENTH -proved victorious, and many of the hussars having been cut down, -the remainder fled. In the mean time, a French squadron formed on -the enemy's right, wheeled inwards, and, attacking the British -left, did some mischief; but the THIRTEENTH promptly opposed, and -overthrew them after a short contest. The French continued their -flight, the THIRTEENTH followed, and such was the ardour of these -brave swordsmen, that the fire of the French infantry could not -stop them; they galloped forward, cut down the French gunners, -and, believing the other brigades would easily dispose of the -French troops thus passed, they continued the pursuit. For some -time the French dragoons resisted, but their formation soon became -so completely broken, that they surrendered as soon as they were -overtaken. The pursuit was continued at a rapid rate, the object -being to gain the front, and capture the whole, as well as the -enormous quantity of baggage on the road; but the dragoons were not -aware of what was taking place in the rear. Marshal Beresford was -informed that the THIRTEENTH Dragoons were cut off; the loss of one -regiment appeared to be a serious disaster, and he did not permit -the heavy cavalry to charge. The French infantry retiring steadily, -recovered their artillery, and effected their retreat. Meanwhile -the THIRTEENTH and some Portuguese squadrons, commanded by Colonel -Otway, who formed as a support during the attack, were pursuing -the French troopers at a rapid pace; on arriving at the bridge -of Badajoz, they were fired upon by the guns of that fortress. -The regiment then halted and retired to secure the prisoners, -and captured artillery and baggage. Some of the French drivers, -refusing to surrender, were sabred, and the mules were mounted by -men of the THIRTEENTH. The retreat was continued several miles, the -men in high spirits at their wonderful success; at length they were -met by the retiring French infantry, and by all the beaten cavalry -which could find refuge with it. For a few exhausted dragoons to -have engaged that body of troops would have been madness, and -the THIRTEENTH were forced to abandon their captures and make a -detour to the right to join the army, which they effected, and -went into bivouac in the neighbourhood of Campo Mayor. The loss of -the regiment was twelve men and seven horses killed; Lieutenants -William Slater Smith and Frederick Geale, Adjutant Holmes, -Quarter-master Greenham, one serjeant, twenty-eight rank and file, -wounded; one serjeant, nineteen rank and file, and forty-four -horses missing. Three hundred French were killed, wounded, and -taken prisoners; the French colonel, Chamarin, of the Twenty-sixth -Dragoons, was killed in single combat by _Corporal Logan_, of the -THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons, which, with many other instances of -individual bravery in this sharply contested affair, is recorded in -the books of the regiment[5]. - -The THIRTEENTH, on this occasion, evinced the superiority of their -discipline over their equally brave and numerically superior -adversaries, by their greater quickness in rallying after the -different attacks,--and this circumstance, with the skilful and -determined use of their weapons, greatly tended to their brilliant -success in this well-fought field. - -An officer, who made his escape from Badajoz a few days after -this affair, reported that the French infantry had brought in a -great number of severely wounded cavalry soldiers--chiefly sabre -wounds[6]. - -Preparations were subsequently made for besieging Badajoz, and the -Guadiana was passed in boats in the early part of April; on the -night of the 16th of April an outpost of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, -which had been relieved by a squadron of Portuguese cavalry, was -surprised by a body of French troops from _Olivenza_, and only -twenty men escaped. The loss was three men wounded, Captain Morris, -Lieutenant Moss, fifty soldiers, and sixty-five horses taken -prisoners. The imagined security of their position, induced by the -Portuguese squadron being in their front, and their consequent -neglect of due precautions, led to the surprise of this party, -by an overwhelming force of the enemy, when totally unprepared -for resistance. This was not forgotten,--and the THIRTEENTH never -gave occasion for the repetition of a similar severe but wholesome -lesson during the remainder of the war. - -The siege of _Olivenza_ was undertaken by the fourth division, -and the army advanced to drive the French detachments from the -province of Estremadura. The British and Portuguese cavalry arrived -at _Los Santos_ on the 16th of April, and fell in with a body of -French heavy cavalry, when the leading troops of the THIRTEENTH, -under Captains Boyse and Macalister, promptly formed and checked -the advance of the enemy. The remainder of the regiment, commanded -by Colonel Head, quickly formed line,--charged,--cut down many of -the enemy,--took two officers and a number of men and horses,--and -continued in close and rapid pursuit for several miles, -successfully frustrating every attempt of the French to rally, and -driving them from the field in utter confusion. The enemy suffered -a very severe loss in killed and wounded. The left squadron of -the THIRTEENTH, partly formed of the men who had escaped on the -6th instant, had the satisfaction of recapturing some of their -horses and accoutrements, and severely revenging their own and -their comrades' mischance on some of the very authors of it, who -were among their opponents on this occasion. It was observed that -these men displayed the most determined gallantry: nothing daunted -by the superior numbers of the enemy immediately opposed to them, -they rushed fearlessly into their ranks, and committed terrible -havoc with their sabres. Captain Doherty had a horse shot under -him in this affair. The French commander, whose gallant bearing in -leading his men to the attack was long a theme of admiration among -the officers who witnessed it, was killed by private _James Beard_ -of the regiment, much to the regret of those who had observed his -gallantry. - -On the 19th of April eighteen men, who had escaped from the enemy, -rejoined the regiment. - -The THIRTEENTH Regiment of Light Dragoons remained in advance when -the siege of _Badajoz_ was undertaken; but withdrew, with the other -cavalry, on the advance of Marshal Soult, (who had collected an -army to succour that fortress,) and joined the forces under Marshal -Beresford at _Albuhera_, at which place a general engagement was -fought on the 16th of May. Two squadrons of the THIRTEENTH were -posted near the river above the bridge, with orders to defend it, -and had opportunities of making some successful charges against the -enemy's cavalry, who attempted to cross the stream. The other two -squadrons were posted to keep in check a considerable body of the -enemy's cavalry, but they were not seriously engaged, and their -loss was limited to one horse killed, and one man wounded. - -Marshal Soult, having been repulsed, retired, and the THIRTEENTH -Dragoons were sent in pursuit of the enemy. The French rear-guard -having been driven from _Usagre_, that post was occupied, on -the night of the 24th of May, by a portion of the troops under -Major-General Lumley; the THIRTEENTH being in bivouac near the -town. The French advanced on the following day, when some sharp -fighting occurred, in which the third dragoon guards and fourth -dragoons distinguished themselves. The conduct of Colonel Head, of -the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, as well as of every officer and soldier -present, was commended in Major-General Lumley's despatch. - -The siege of _Badajoz_ having been resumed, Marshal Soult's army, -strongly reinforced, again advanced; Marshal Massena's army also -marched into Estremadura, and the allies again raised the siege of -Badajoz, and took up a position behind the Caya, where the enemy -did not venture to attack them. When the French armies retired, the -Marquis of Wellington proceeded towards the Agueda, leaving the -THIRTEENTH Dragoons in the Alemtejo, under Lieut.-General Hill; -they were formed in brigade with the ninth dragoons and second -hussars, of the King's German Legion, under Major-General Long, -and were stationed at Villa Viciosa, and afterwards at Monforte, a -small town nineteen miles from Portalegre. - -From Monforte, the THIRTEENTH Dragoons marched, towards the end -of October, to the Spanish frontiers, and with other troops under -Lieut.-General Hill, were engaged in the surprise of a French force -under General Girard at _Arroyo de Molinos_. By forced marches, -performed in stormy weather, the British arrived in the vicinity -of the village at day-break on the morning of the 28th of October; -a storm of rain with a thick mist concealed the advance, and the -French were surprised in the act of assembling to commence their -march. The cavalry marched with every precaution to avoid giving -the alarm. The enemy's troops were soon broken; their artillery -was captured by a squadron of the THIRTEENTH, commanded by Captain -Mansell Bowers, and their infantry, attempting to escape by -climbing steep mountains, were intercepted, and the greatest part -made prisoners. Captain Bowers, with his troop of the THIRTEENTH, -pursued a body of French cavalry, and captured a number of men -and horses. The conduct of Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Muter, -who commanded the regiment on this occasion, was commended in -Lieutenant-General Hill's public despatch. - -Towards the end of December Lieut.-General Hill again advanced, -and the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons were employed in an attempt -to surprise a body of French troops under General Dombrouski at -Merida. On arriving at _La Nava_, three hundred French infantry -and a party of hussars were found in the town; they immediately -retired,--the infantry in square; and the THIRTEENTH and second -hussars of the King's German Legion pursued. Some sharp skirmishing -occurred, but the ground favouring the French, they made good their -retreat to Merida, and informing General Dombrouski of the approach -of British troops, he retreated during the night. The regiment -afterwards returned to Monforte; its loss, in the skirmish between -La Nava and Merida, was three horses killed; eleven men, five -officers' horses and fifteen troop horses wounded; one man missing. - -On the decease of Lieut.-General Francis Craig, the colonelcy was -conferred on Lieut.-General the Honorable Henry George Grey, from -lieut.-colonel of the Seventh Light Dragoons, by commission dated -the 30th of December, 1811. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -While the regiment was occupying quarters at Monforte, Ciudad -Rodrigo was besieged and captured by storm in January, 1812. -When _Badajoz_ was besieged, the regiment advanced and formed -part of the covering army. During the advance and the subsequent -operations, the THIRTEENTH were employed in the arduous outpost -duties of the army, and engaged in affairs and skirmishes, -which were of frequent occurrence, owing to the constant alerts -occasioned by the enemy's cavalry in their front, who took every -opportunity of endeavouring to cut off the foraging parties, -patroles, &c. - -In the advance to Merida, in March, the German hussars, having -fallen in with the French cavalry, commenced skirmishing, and -pushed them through the town and across the bridge. Major-General -Long ordered the THIRTEENTH to gain the front at a gallop, which -they did, and, crossing the Guadiana at a deep ford, formed and -charged the enemy, who broke and fled, the regiment following, -and constantly skirmishing with them till near dark, when it was -ordered to discontinue the pursuit. - -In April the fortress of Badajoz was taken by storm, and the army -afterwards quitted Estremadura, when the THIRTEENTH Dragoons were -again left with Lieut.-General Hill. - -The regiment was employed in the enterprise against the -enemy's works, which protected the bridge across the Tagus at -_Almaraz_. These were destroyed on the 19th of May, to render the -communications between the French armies more difficult. On this -occasion the THIRTEENTH advanced to the high road by the pass of -Mirabete, and were in reserve while the forts were stormed. - -During the summer and autumn of this year, the services of the -regiment were connected with the movements of the troops under -Lieut.-General Sir Rowland Hill; it performed many long marches, -took part in a few skirmishes, and penetrated into the interior of -Spain. - -In July the THIRTEENTH, in brigade with the ninth dragoons and -second German hussars, were engaged in a second successful affair -with the enemy at _Usagre_; and in one of the several skirmishes, -_Serjeant Shaw_ of the THIRTEENTH distinguished himself by his -gallantry. Honourable mention is also made of the firm and orderly -retreat of a squadron of the regiment, commanded by Captain -SHAPLAND BOYSE, before a vastly superior body of the enemy's -cavalry, by whom they were hard pressed for a considerable distance -in the neighbourhood of Ocana. - -A singular circumstance occurred when the regiment was bivouacked -in the neighbourhood of Aranjuez: the horses, being unbridled for -the convenience of feeding, were linked, and the officers and men -were reposing from their fatigues, when the Second German Hussars, -who had been ordered to join Lord Wellington's army, filed past; -the THIRTEENTH immediately sprung up, and actuated by the impulse -of the moment, greeted their old comrades with a hearty parting -cheer, which so alarmed the horses that four troops broke loose, -notwithstanding every exertion made to detain them, and dispersed -over the open country, galloping about in squads, and scattering -bridles, pistols, carbines, &c., in every direction. The scene -was truly ludicrous; but this inconsiderate act might have been -attended with serious consequences, as the enemy was in force, -particularly in cavalry, in Aranjuez. The horses, some of which -had strayed to a distance of four or five leagues, and had been -secreted by the Spaniards, were all brought back in the course -of the day, and scarcely an article of equipment was lost. The -exertions of Adjutant Holmes on this occasion are particularly -mentioned. - -At the close of the campaign, when the main army withdrew from -Burgos, the troops under Lieut.-General Hill also fell back, and -the whole were united at Salamanca. - -The THIRTEENTH were in reserve in the affair at Alba de Tormes, -and were engaged, with the rear guard, in skirmishing with the -enemy during the retrograde movement of the army to the Agueda. -The horses suffered severely from want of forage. After retiring -beyond the confines of Spain, the regiment marched to the Alemtejo, -and was quartered at Crato, where it received a reinforcement of -officers, men, and horses, from England in December. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -In February, 1813, the regiment was removed from Crato to Monforte, -where it received a draught of one hundred and thirty-six horses -from the Ninth Dragoons, who were ordered to return to England; at -the same time a serjeant and ten men were attached to the staff -corps of cavalry. - -At the opening of the brilliant campaign of this year, the regiment -marched towards _Salamanca_, and was employed in the operations -by which the French troops were driven from that city on the 26th -of May. The numbers and improved organization of the allied army -enabled the British commander to drive the enemy before him with -a strength and violence which the French could not withstand. -Rivers were crossed, rocks and mountains were climbed, and barren -tracts traversed, with so little opposition, that the power of the -enemy appeared to be paralyzed; but in the plains of _Vittoria_ -Joseph Bonaparte made a stand, and the THIRTEENTH Dragoons took -part in the engagement on the 21st of June, when the French -army sustained a decisive overthrow. The regiment supported -the attacks of the infantry on this occasion, and subsequently -received orders to advance and act as opportunities might occur. -After clearing various obstacles in their front, the THIRTEENTH -approached Vittoria, when the royal carriages were perceived, and -Major-General Long instantly ordered a squadron, commanded by -Captain Doherty, to pursue them; this was promptly executed, and -the whole were captured after a sharp skirmish, in which private -_Michael Sullivan_ distinguished himself, cutting down a French -officer and capturing his horses. In the mean time, the remainder -of the regiment had formed in front of a compact body of the enemy, -whom they vigorously charged and routed. Captain Doherty, observing -this movement, left the royal carriages in charge of serjeant -Scriven and twelve men, and joined the regiment, with which he -continued in close pursuit of the enemy during the remainder of -the day. Serjeant Scriven reported his having given up the royal -carriages to an officer, with a party of infantry, who said he had -orders to take charge of them, but he omitted taking a receipt -or demanding the officer's name. The commanding officer of the -regiment, Major Patrick Doherty, received a gold medal for this -battle. - -Following the rear of the French army, the regiment arrived at -the foot of the Pyrenees, and entering the pass through these -celebrated mountains, near Pampeluna, to furnish posts of -correspondence between the different divisions, it proceeded to -the valley of Roncesvalles,--a place celebrated for the defeat -of Charlemagne by the Duke of Gascony, assisted by the Saracens; -a pillar erected on the spot, to commemorate the victory, was -destroyed by the French in 1794. Up this valley the French army, -commanded by Marshal Soult, advanced on the 25th of July, and -some sharp fighting occurred, which ended in the retreat of the -British to a position in the mountains in front of Pampeluna. The -regiment, excepting one troop detached to assist in the blockade of -Pampeluna, was formed in support of the sixth division during the -severe contest in the _Pyrenees_, and when the French were repulsed -they were pursued to the confines of their own country. - -The passage of the Bidassoa was effected in the early part of -October; the French were driven from their position on the Nivelle -in November; and the THIRTEENTH, with the Fourteenth Dragoons, -were engaged in the operations by which the passage of the _Nive_ -was effected on the 9th of December. On the following day the -regiment was at _Hasparen_, observing the movements of the French -troops under General Paris. Some fighting took place on the -three subsequent days, and the posts at Hasparen were attacked -on the 13th of December. The gallant conduct of private _James -Armstrong_ of the THIRTEENTH, on this occasion, obtained for him -the distinguished honour of Sir Rowland Hill's particular notice, -and he was immediately promoted. Being one of a small party posted -to keep up the communication, he dashed forward and rallied some -British skirmishers, who had been forced back, placed himself at -their head, and attacked and repulsed the enemy, cutting down some, -and taking others prisoners. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -The severity of the season detained the allies in their cantonments -for a short time, during which period the THIRTEENTH were employed -in the outpost duties, and Lieutenant Phillips is mentioned in the -books of the regiment, as having shown great prudence and judgment -in bringing off his piquet, when attacked and hard pressed by the -enemy's cavalry. In consequence of the want of forage, pounded -furze was given as food to the horses. - -In February, the army again commenced operations, and the -THIRTEENTH Dragoons were employed in the movements connected with -the forcing of the line of the Bidouze and the Gave de Mauleon; and -in a sharp affair with the enemy's rear-guard, private Shreenan -of the regiment distinguished himself by his great gallantry. The -regiment was engaged, on the 17th of February, at _Sauveterre_, -where Lieutenant Geale and several men and horses were killed; -serjeant-major Thomas Rosser[7] particularly distinguished himself -on this occasion. Being detached with twelve men, he fell in with a -party of the enemy of more than double his numbers, whom he charged -three times, cutting down three himself, and capturing some men -and horses. The same morning, previous to this affair, the mare -on which serjeant-major Rosser was mounted was killed by a shell -striking her in her side, and he escaped without injury. - -After several other movements, the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons were -engaged in forcing the French position at _Orthes_, on the 27th -of February, 1814. The right and centre of the army assembled -opposite the village of Orthes, and the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, -forming part of the body of troops destined to turn and attack -the enemy's right, assembled near the junction of the Gave de Pau -with the Gave d'Oleron. The village of St. Boës was carried; but -the nature of the ground required a change to be made in the plan -of the action. The narrow passage behind the village was opened, -a body of troops, including the THIRTEENTH, pushed through, and -spread a front beyond, and the French army was forced back with -loss. Lieutenant Robert Nesbit was severely wounded; two men and -two horses were killed, and six horses wounded, on this occasion. -In a charge of the enemy's cavalry, which was gallantly met and -repulsed by the THIRTEENTH, a personal rencontre took place between -Lieutenant Doherty and the French officer who led it; the latter -was cut down, and surrendered. Many of the enemy were sabred, and -captured by the regiment. The commanding-officer of the regiment, -Lieutenant-Colonel Patrick Doherty, received a gold clasp, -inscribed with the word "_Orthes_," to be attached to the riband to -which his Vittoria medal was suspended. - -On the following day the THIRTEENTH Dragoons pursued the enemy in -the direction of Mont de Marsan; and on the 2nd of March, they were -engaged in a slight affair at _Ayre_. - -The British divisions continued to move forward, and the French -were everywhere driven before the allied army. - -The THIRTEENTH shared with their old comrades of the "ragged -brigade[8]," the gallant Fourteenth, in the advance-duties of the -army, which brought them repeatedly into collision with the enemy. - -On the 22nd of March, as three troops of the THIRTEENTH Light -Dragoons, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Patrick Doherty, with Major -Boyse, Captain Macalister, Lieutenants Doherty, Drought, and -Lawrence, and Brigade-Major Dunbar, approached _St. Gaudens_, four -squadrons of French cavalry were discovered drawn up in front of -the town. Undismayed by the superior numbers of the enemy, the -THIRTEENTH advanced to the charge, and such was the ardour and -determined bravery with which they rushed upon their numerous -opponents, that the French horsemen were overthrown at the first -shock, and they galloped in disorder through the streets; but they -rallied at the other side of the town, and prepared to resist the -few British troopers whose audacity they were desirous to punish. -The THIRTEENTH being supported by the Third Dragoon Guards, dashed -through the town, and rushing sword in hand upon the French -squadrons, broke them in an instant, and pursued them for two -miles, cutting many down, and taking above a hundred prisoners, -and sixty horses. The ground was covered with cavalry equipments, -arms, and dead and wounded men and horses. The conduct of the -THIRTEENTH was highly commended in Major-General Fane's report -of this action; the officers and soldiers were also thanked in -orders by Lieut.-General Sir Rowland Hill, and the signal gallantry -evinced by Captain James Macalister, who commanded the advance on -this occasion, was rewarded with the rank of major in the army. The -THIRTEENTH nobly upheld, on this occasion, their well-earned fame -as bold horsemen and dexterous swordsmen; and, by their promptitude -in rushing to the attack, showed that they possessed the true -spirit of good cavalry, adding another to the many proofs they had -already given of the insufficiency of the mere preponderance of -superior numbers to resist the shock of a determined charge[9]. - -The THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons continued to form part of the force -in advance in the immediate presence of the enemy; every encounter -gave additional proof of the ascendancy which the British troops -had acquired over their opponents, and as the war drew towards a -close, this became more apparent. - -On the 10th of April the enemy's fortified position at _Toulouse_ -was attacked. The THIRTEENTH were at their post, but no opportunity -to charge the enemy occurred. - -When the French withdrew from Toulouse, the regiment advanced -through the town in pursuit, and occupied a chain of posts in front -of the allied army. - -The war was soon afterwards terminated by the treaty of Paris, and -the Bourbon family was restored to the throne of France. - -Thus the conquering arms of Britain had rescued kingdoms from the -tyrannical power of the usurper; and the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, -who had largely shared in the attendant toils and dangers, saw -the cause in which they had been engaged, triumphant over all -opposition. - -After reposing in quarters a short time at Grammont, the regiment -sent its dismounted men and baggage to Bourdeaux, and commenced its -march through France to Boulogne, where it embarked for England, -and landed at Ramsgate on the 7th of July, after an absence of four -years and five months, during which period it had marched about -_one thousand five hundred_ leagues (principally Spanish); it had -been engaged in _thirty-two_ affairs, many of which were sharp and -contested, besides the general actions; it had been _one hundred -and ninety-seven_ nights in bivouac, and its casualties amounted -to _two hundred and seventy-four men_, and _one thousand and nine -horses_. - -The THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons marched from Ramsgate to Hounslow -and its neighbourhood; and having been inspected by His Royal -Highness the Commander-in-Chief, they proceeded to Weymouth. The -establishment was reduced to eight troops. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -The regiment embarked at Plymouth, and arrived at Cork in November. -During the end of this year and the beginning of 1815, the regiment -was distributed in quarters at Cork, Fermoy, Mallow, Bandon, -Limerick, Clogheen, Gort, and Tallow. - -On the 6th of April, 1815, the royal authority to bear on its -guidons and appointments the word "PENINSULA," as a mark of the -Prince Regent's approbation of its conduct in Portugal, Spain, and -France, under Field Marshal His Grace the Duke of Wellington, was -communicated to the regiment; and shortly afterwards the veterans -of the Peninsula were again employed on foreign service; the return -of Bonaparte to France, his resumption of the imperial dignity, and -the flight of Louis XVIII. to Flanders, having rekindled the flame -of war on the continent. - -The THIRTEENTH were augmented to ten troops; and six troops, -commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Patrick Doherty, embarked at Cork -at the end of April and in the beginning of May; they landed at -Ostend, marched up the country, and were formed in brigade with the -Third Hussars, King's German Legion, under Colonel Sir Frederick -Arentschildt, K.C.B. - -On the 29th of May the THIRTEENTH were present at Grammont at the -review of the British cavalry and artillery, commanded by the Earl -of Uxbridge, by His Grace the Duke of Wellington, accompanied by -Prince Blucher. - -While the regiment was reposing in quarters, waiting for the army -to commence operations, Bonaparte endeavoured, by a rapid advance, -to surprise the allies and beat them in detail. The post at Quatre -Bras was attacked, and this position being fixed upon as the point -of concentration for the army under the Duke of Wellington, the -THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons marched in that direction, and joined the -army during the night of the 16th of June. - -The regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Shapland Boyse, was -employed in covering the retreat from Quatre Bras to the position -in front of the village of _Waterloo_, on the 17th of June, which -had been rendered necessary by the defeat and retrograde movement -of the Prussians. - -At the memorable battle of "WATERLOO," on the 18th of June, 1815, -the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Boyse, had the -good fortune to acquire additional laurels. Eminent, as British -troops ever have been, for those warlike qualities which lead to -glory in the hour of battle, yet the field of "WATERLOO" elevated -their reputation above its former standard, and the THIRTEENTH -have the honour of being numbered among the corps which signalized -themselves in the "shock of steel." The regiment was posted with -the Seventh and Fifteenth Hussars in the right centre of the -position in the rear of Hugomont; it charged repeatedly during the -day with the most distinguished success, the enemy's cavalry and -infantry, having some sharp sword conflicts with the former; it -also aided in the successful attacks upon the advancing columns, -penetrated and completely routed a square of infantry, and thus -materially contributed to the overthrow of the French army, which -was driven from the field with the loss of its cannon, ammunition, -waggons, and all its _matériel_. - -The loss of the regiment was Captain James Gubbins, Lieutenants -John Geale and John Pymm, eleven rank and file, and fifteen horses -killed; Lieut.-Colonel Shapland Boyse, Captains Joseph Doherty -and Gregorie, Lieutenants George Doherty, Charles Robert Bowers, -John A. E. Irving, James Mill, George H. Packe, ten serjeants, -two trumpeters, fifty-seven rank and file, and forty-six horses, -wounded: eight rank and file and fifty-two horses missing. - -Captain Brooks Lawrence, upon whom the command of the regiment -devolved in the course of the day, had two horses killed and one -wounded under him. - -The gallant conduct of troop serjeant-major _Wells_, who commanded -Captain Gubbins' troop after all the officers had fallen, was -particularly remarked; he was promoted into the second West India -regiment, and retired from the Fifty-fourth regiment as a captain -in 1841. - -Lieutenant Doherty, besides being severely wounded in the head, -was struck by a ball which was stopped by the interposition of his -watch, which it flattened. He had taken out his watch to remark the -time, when the regiment was ordered to advance, and not being able -to return it, he put it into the breast of his jacket, and thus -providentially his life was saved. - -The regiment was subsequently rewarded with the royal authority to -bear the word "WATERLOO" on its guidons and appointments; every -officer and soldier present received a silver medal, and the -privilege of reckoning two years' service for that day was also -conferred on the troops. Colonel Patrick Doherty and Lieut.-Colonel -Shapland Boyse, of the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons, were made -Companions of the Bath. - -The following officers received silver medals for the Battle of -Waterloo:-- - - Lt.-Col. Patrick Doherty, _Col._ - Maj. Shapland Boyse, _Lt. Col._ - Capt. Brooks Lawrence - Capt. Joseph Doherty - " James Macalister - " Mansell Bowers - " Charles Gregorie - " Frederick Goulbourne - Lieut. G. H. Packe - " John Wallace - " John A. E. Irving - Lieut. John J. Moss - " George Doherty - " John H. Drought - Lieut. Charles Robt. Bowers - " Allan T. Maclean - " Robert Nesbit - " William Turner - " James Mill - Surgeon Thomas G. Logan - Vet.-Surg. John Constant - Paymast. Alexander Strange - Quartermast. Wm. Minchin. - Cornet Joseph Wakefield - -After passing the night on the field of battle, the regiment -advanced in pursuit of the French army on their retreat to Paris, -which city surrendered to the British and Prussian armies. This -event terminated the campaign, Louis the XVIIIth was restored, -and the British troops received the thanks of both houses of -Parliament for their distinguished conduct during this short -and most important struggle. The THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons were -stationed in the vicinity of Paris, and took part in several grand -reviews at which the Emperors of Russia and Austria, and the Kings -of France and Prussia, were present. On the formation of the army -of occupation in France, the Eleventh, THIRTEENTH, and Fifteenth -Light Dragoons constituted the third brigade of cavalry under -Major-General Sir Colquhoun Grant, K.C.B. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -In the spring of 1816, the regiment having received orders to -return to England, it embarked at Calais, and landed at Dover -on the 13th of May, after an absence of one year and a few days, -during which period its casualties amounted to three officers, -sixty-five men, and one hundred and four horses. - -The regiment marched to Romford, where it was reviewed by His Royal -Highness the Commander-in-Chief. In June it was distributed in -quarters at Newmarket, Bury St. Edmonds, Ely, Peterborough, and -Cambridge; and in July it marched to York, sending, at different -periods during the latter part of this and in the beginning of -the following year, detachments to Carlisle, Newcastle-on-Tyne, -Tadcaster, Stockton-on-Tees, Hull, Pontefract, Leeds, Halifax, and -Wakefield, where they were occasionally employed in quelling riots. -The establishment had been reduced in October, 1816. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -The quarters were changed in July, 1817, to Brighton, with -detachments at Chichester, Arundel, Hastings, and Eastbourne. - -[Sidenote: 1818] - -In the summer and autumn of 1818, the regiment was stationed at -Manchester, Stockport, Blackburn, Bolton, and Preston, and was -engaged in quelling riots. - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -Having received orders to prepare for embarkation for India, -the regiment marched to Romford, where it was quartered a -short time, and in February, 1819, eight troops, commanded by -Lieutenant-Colonel Boyse, sailed from Gravesend; they were four -months on the voyage, and landed at Madras on the 13th of June -following. After a short halt, the regiment marched seventy-three -miles up the country to Arcot, the capital of the Carnatic, where -it was stationed during the remainder of the year. - -[Sidenote: 1820] - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -From Arcot the regiment was removed, in the early part of 1820, to -Bangalore, a military station in Mysore, about two hundred miles -from Madras. At this station the regiment remained upwards of six -years, and in 1826, it was removed to Arcot. - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -In February, 1828, the regiment was encamped at Arcot, from -whence it was removed to Arnee, a town of the Carnatic, fourteen -miles south of Arcot, and was stationed at that place during the -remainder of the year. - -[Sidenote: 1829] - -The regiment left Arnee in March, 1829, and once more traversed the -country to Bangalore, where it was quartered during the remainder -of its stay in India. - -[Sidenote: 1832] - -In 1832, the regiment was again clothed in scarlet with buff -facings. - -The Mahommedans of Mysore entered into a combination, in which -some Sepoys of the force at Bangalore joined, for the destruction -of the English officers and soldiers, and the subversion of -the British government in October, 1832; but the discovery of -this conspiracy on the day fixed upon for its execution, caused -immediate precautions to be taken, which prevented the outbreak. -Many of the mutineers were taken, tried, and sentenced,--some -to death,--and the remainder to transportation. The Sepoys were -executed in front of the assembled force. - -[Sidenote: 1833] - -In January, 1833, the royal authority was given for the THIRTEENTH -Light Dragoons to retain on their appointments the motto, "_Viret -in æternum_." This motto was borne by the regiment when it was a -corps of heavy cavalry, and known by the name of the "_the green -dragoons_," but was discontinued on its being made light. The motto -was subsequently resumed, and the privilege of bearing it was -confirmed to the regiment by King William IV., as above stated[10]. - -[Sidenote: 1836] - -In December, 1836, King William IV. was pleased to command that the -facing of the regiment should be altered to _green_. - -[Sidenote: 1839] - -Two squadrons of the regiment, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel -Maclean, were detached to Bellary in February, 1839, and formed -part of the force employed in the expedition against the Nuwaub -of Kurnool. In the affair at _Zorapoor_, a party of the regiment, -commanded by Lieutenant Cameron, pursued the fugitives across the -river Toombuddra, and took several prisoners; for which they were -thanked in orders. The regiment lost one man, drowned, on this -occasion. The two squadrons returned to Bangalore on the 28th of -November. They lost thirty-two men, principally from cholera, and -six horses, on this service. - -[Sidenote: 1840] - -After passing upwards of twenty years in performing the important -duty of protecting the British possessions in the south of India, -the regiment received orders to prepare to return to England, and -it marched to Madras in the beginning of 1840[11], where it was -reviewed by Major-General Sir Robert Dick, K.C.B. and K.C.H., -and on the following day transferred its horses to the Fifteenth -Hussars; such non-commissioned officers and soldiers as volunteered -to remain in India were then permitted to transfer their services -to other corps. - -At the frequent reviews and inspections of the THIRTEENTH, during -their service in India, the regiment was invariably complimented -on its admirable system of interior economy, its high state of -discipline and efficiency, and the following orders were issued -previous to its leaving Madras:-- - - "_Head-Quarters, Centre Division, Madras_, - _29th January, 1840_. - - "Major-General Sir Robert Dick was much gratified this morning - to find Her Majesty's THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons in such high - order. The major-general will not fail to report to the general - commanding-in-chief the soldier-like appearance and steadiness - of the men, and the serviceable condition of the horses; the - movements were made with precision and celerity, notwithstanding - the heavy sandy ground the regiment moved over; the horses - were well in hand; the advances in line and trotting past were - admirable. The major-general cannot help regretting the services - of so efficient a regiment will be so soon lost to the Indian - army. He sincerely wishes Colonel Brunton, the officers, and men - of the THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons a safe passage to England." - - - "_Head-Quarters, Fort St. George_, - _17 February, 1840_. - - "GENERAL ORDER.--The THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons being ordered to - embark, the major-general commanding-in-chief cannot allow the - corps to quit this command, without recording the high sense - he entertains of its merits and conduct during the period of - its service in the East. Although opportunities for adding to - its long-established fame and reputation in the field have so - rarely presented themselves to this arm of the service since the - THIRTEENTH formed a portion of the Madras army, the major-general - is well assured, that had occasion called forth a display of - its energies against the enemy, it would have nobly sustained - the high character of the British cavalry. Good conduct and - discipline are qualities, however, as essentially necessary to - mark the meritorious soldier out of the field as gallantry in it; - and in these attributes of the profession the THIRTEENTH Light - Dragoons have at all times shone conspicuous. - - "From having been in the division under his own immediate command - during a period of more than two years, the major-general is - enabled to bear testimony (as well as from the reports of his - predecessors) to the uniform correctness of its conduct, and - throughout the course of its lengthened service in Mysore, - he believes it may safely be asserted, that not an instance - has occurred of a complaint or appeal being preferred against - an officer, non-commissioned officer, or private, of this - distinguished corps, to the civil authorities. In taking leave, - therefore, (for a time he hopes only) of the THIRTEENTH Light - Dragoons, the major-general begs Lieut.-Colonel Brunton will - accept himself, and convey to the officers and soldiers under - his orders, the assurance of the esteem the major-general feels - for, and the warm interest he shall ever take in, the prospects - and fair fame of the regiment; and it will constitute a pleasing - part of his duty to make the general-commanding-in-chief of Her - Majesty's army acquainted with the sentiments he has thus felt - to be due to the corps to express, of its character and merits, - neither of which are unknown to Lord Hill already, and are in no - wise diminished by a twenty years' absence from its native land. - - "By order of Major-General Sir Hugh Gough, K.C.B. - - "(Signed) R. B. FEARON, - "_Deputy Adjutant-General of_ - _Her Majesty's Forces_." - -The regiment embarked from Madras in February, and landed at -Gravesend in June, after an absence of twenty-one years and three -months, during which period its casualties amounted to fifteen -officers and one thousand and fifty-one men. - -The regiment marched to Canterbury, and the establishment was -reduced to six troops. - -In June of this year the regiment resumed wearing blue clothing -with buff facing. - -[Sidenote: 1841] - -During the election at Canterbury in February, 1841, the regiment -was quartered at Deal, Sandwich, and Walmer; and when the general -election took place in June, it occupied Whitstable, Herne Bay, and -Margate, where it received a vote of thanks from the inhabitants -for its orderly and exemplary conduct. - -On the 11th of May the regiment was inspected, mounted, by His -Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, who was pleased to express -in very strong terms, to Lieut.-Colonel Brunton, his approbation -of the appearance and forward state of training of both men and -horses. On this occasion nearly one half of the men present had -joined as recruits since the return of the regiment from India -(ten months), and all were mounted on young horses, which had been -bought and trained during that time. - -The friendship of the "ragged brigade," which had commenced with, -and had continued throughout the eventful careers of the two -regiments in the Peninsula, was cemented afresh by the arrival of -the Fourteenth at Canterbury, to prepare for service in India; when -the Fourteenth presented the regiment with their handsome mess -tables, to perpetuate in the THIRTEENTH a kindly remembrance of -their old companions in arms. - -Lieut.-Colonel Brunton's exertions to complete the regiment in men -and horses had been attended with the most favourable results; and -having attained a state of efficiency, it marched, in August, to -Ipswich and Norwich, crossing the Thames at Gravesend. - -[Sidenote: 1842] - -In January, 1842, on the occasion of the visit of the King of -Prussia to England to attend the christening of His Royal Highness -the Prince of Wales, the regiment was removed to Hampton Court and -Slough; and on the 4th of February the troops at the former place -marched, during the night, to Woolwich, and were present in the -morning at a review of the artillery previous to the embarkation of -the King of Prussia. The regiment returned from Hampton Court and -Slough to Ipswich and Norwich. - -The THIRTEENTH regiment of Light Dragoons, during its long and -faithful services to its sovereign and country in various quarters -of the globe, has, in peace and in war, under every circumstance of -service, vicissitude of climate, and the trials incident thereto, -distinguished itself by the display of those qualities which ever -acquire unfading laurels in the field of action, and gain respect -and esteem for the British soldier. - - - SIC "VIRET IN ÆTERNUM." - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] DODDRIDGE'S _Life of Colonel James Gardiner_. - -[2] Major Vigoureux, who was employed on the reconnoitring service, -gave Captain White information of the presence of the enemy, and -concerted with him the plan of attack. He requested Captain White -to mount him, which he did, on one of the largest horses of his -troop, and being a very tall and powerful man, his appearance was -most formidable. He charged with Captain White at the head of the -THIRTEENTH, and rode with uplifted sabre straight at the French -commanding-officer who was leading: on their meeting, that officer, -instead of defending himself, dropped his sword to the salute, -and turning it, presented the hilt to Major Vigoureux; the sword -was afterwards presented by Colonel Vigoureux to Lieut.-Colonel -Brunton, and is now in his possession. - -[3] Captain White was afterwards appointed to the staff of the -army. He was killed at the battle of Salamanca. - -[4] List of French cavalry attacked by two squadrons of the -THIRTEENTH Light Dragoons at Campo Mayor, 25th March, 1811. - - Second French Hussars 300 men. - Tenth ditto 350 " - Twenty-sixth Heavy Dragoons 150 " - Fourth Spanish Chasseurs 80 " - ---- - 880 " - - -[5] Paymaster Gardiner obtained possession of Colonel Chamarin's -handsome helmet, and brought it to England. The colonel's sword was -given to Lieut.-Colonel Head. - -[6] The following incident in allusion to the Campo Mayor affair is -taken from the journal of an officer published in CLARKE'S _Life of -the Duke of Wellington_:-- - -"Yesterday a French captain of dragoons brought over a trumpet, -demanding permission to search amongst the dead for his colonel. -His regiment was a fine one, with bright brass helmets and black -horse-hair, exactly like what the old Romans are depicted with. It -was truly a bloody scene, being almost all sabre wounds. It was -long before we could find the French colonel, for he was lying -on his face, his naked body weltering in blood; and as soon as -he was turned up, the officer knew him: he gave a sort of scream -and sprang off his horse, dashed his helmet on the ground, knelt -by the body, took the bloody hand and kissed it many times in an -agony of grief; it was an affecting and awful scene. I suppose -there were about six hundred naked dead bodies lying on the ground -at one view. The French colonel was killed by a corporal of the -THIRTEENTH. This corporal had killed one of his men, and he was so -enraged, that he sallied out himself and attacked the corporal, who -was well mounted and a good swordsman, as was the colonel himself. -Both defended for some time; the corporal cut him twice across the -face; his helmet came off at the second, when the corporal slew him -by a cut which nearly cleft his skull asunder, cutting in as deep -as the nose through the brain." - -[7] Serjeant-Major Rosser was appointed cornet in the regiment in -1818, lieutenant in 1819, and captain in 1831, without purchase; he -was adjutant from October, 1818, to September, 1831; and retired -from the service by the sale of his commission 8th January, 1841. - -[8] So named from the motley and tattered state of their garments, -owing to the constant exposure and hard work to which they had been -subjected. - -[9] In the narrative of the campaigns of the Twenty-eighth -Regiment, by Lieut.-Colonel Cadell, is the following remark in -relation to the action at St. Gaudens:-- - -"This gallant corps (the THIRTEENTH) in a very short time cut the -Tenth French Hussars to pieces, taking upwards of one hundred -men and horses. Captain Macalister, who commanded the advance, -distinguished himself. When we came up, the sight was truly -melancholy: throughout the many actions in which we had taken -share, we never had seen men and horses so dreadfully mangled. The -horses were sold next day; but the best brought very little." - -[10] The seal used by the THIRTEENTH when a corps of heavy cavalry, -with the motto "_Viret in æternum_" on a scroll upon it, is still -preserved in the regiment. The same motto was also embroidered on -the green horse furniture used when the regiment was heavy. - -[11] On this march the regiment lost forty men by cholera, and two -from other causes. - - - - -SUCCESSIONS OF COLONELS - -OF - -THE THIRTEENTH - -REGIMENT - -OF - -LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - -RICHARD MUNDEN, - -_Appointed 22nd July, 1715_. - -RICHARD MUNDEN served under King William III. in the Netherlands, -and also under the celebrated John Duke of Marlborough, and was -promoted to the rank of colonel in 1706. On the 6th of May, 1709, -he succeeded Lord Lovelace in the colonelcy of a regiment of foot, -which served in the war of the Spanish succession, and after -distinguishing itself at Saragossa in 1710, it was surrounded and -made prisoners in the mountains of Castille, by the army under -the Duke of Vendosme. In 1711 he was promoted to the rank of -brigadier-general; but the peace of Utrecht being concluded soon -afterwards, his regiment was disbanded, and he remained unemployed -until the summer of 1715, when he was commissioned to raise a -corps of dragoons--now the THIRTEENTH regiment of Light Dragoons. -He distinguished himself in the attack of the rebels at Preston, -in Lancashire, in November, 1715; and was removed to the eighth -dragoons in 1722. He died in 1725. - - -SIR ROBERT RICH, BARONET, - -_Appointed 19th November, 1722_. - -SIR ROBERT RICH entered the army in 1700, and gave such signal -proofs of courage and skill in the wars in the reign of Queen -Anne, that, on the 24th of October, 1709, he was advanced to -the command of a regiment of foot. At the peace of Utrecht his -regiment was disbanded, and he remained for some time unemployed; -but being distinguished for his loyalty and steady attachment to -the Protestant succession, he was commissioned to raise, in the -summer of 1715, a regiment of dragoons, which was instrumental in -suppressing the rebellion which broke out that year; but in 1718 -it was disbanded. The services of Sir Robert Rich were, however, -not forgotten; he was appointed one of the grooms of the bedchamber -to the Prince of Wales (afterwards George II.): and on the 19th -of November, 1722, King George I. appointed him colonel of the -THIRTEENTH Dragoons; from which he was removed, in September, 1725, -to the eighth dragoons; and on the 1st of January, 1731, to the -seventh horse, now sixth dragoon guards. He was again removed in -1733 to the first troop of horse grenadier guards; and in 1735 to -the fourth dragoons; he was promoted to the rank of major-general -in 1735, to that of lieut.-general in 1739, general in 1745; and in -1757 he was advanced to the rank of field-marshal. He was a member -of Parliament, and governor of Chelsea Hospital. He died in 1768. - - -WILLIAM STANHOPE, - -_Appointed 20th September, 1725_. - -WILLIAM STANHOPE, youngest son of John Stanhope of Elvaston, -served several years in the third regiment of foot guards, in -which corps he obtained the command of a company, with the rank of -lieut.-colonel, and on the 17th of March, 1711, he was promoted -to the colonelcy of a regiment of foot, which served in Spain, -but was disbanded in November, 1712. In the summer of 1715, when -the kingdom was menaced with internal war, by the partizans of -the Pretender, he raised a regiment of dragoons for the service -of King George I.; and when the commotions, which followed, were -suppressed, his corps was disbanded. In 1717, he was employed in -a diplomatic character in Spain; hostilities with that country -commenced in 1719, and he subsequently served as a volunteer with -the French army, commanded by Marshal Duke of Berwick. He concerted -a plan for the destruction of three Spanish ships of the line, and -a great quantity of naval stores, in the port of St. Andero, which -was effected by an English squadron; Colonel Stanhope contributed -to the execution of this enterprise by accompanying a detachment -of troops, which Marshal Berwick sent, at his solicitation, and -was the first that leaped into the water when the boats approached -the shore. At the termination of the war, he was again appointed -envoy at the Spanish court, and while employed in this service -King George I. conferred on him the colonelcy of the THIRTEENTH -Dragoons. At the commencement of the war with Spain, 1726-7, he -returned to England, and was appointed vice-chamberlain to the -King; he was also nominated one of the British plenipotentiaries at -the congress at Soissons; and he subsequently proceeded to Spain -and concluded the treaty of Seville. His distinguished merits in -these negotiations, were rewarded, in November, 1729, with the -title of LORD HARRINGTON, in the county of Northampton; and on -the resignation of Lord Townshend, he was nominated secretary of -state, which was followed by his vacating the colonelcy of the -THIRTEENTH Dragoons. In the office of secretary of state, his -Lordship's knowledge of foreign affairs, with his application to -business, moderation, good sense, and integrity, rendered him a -valuable servant to the crown. On the change of the ministry he was -appointed lord president of the council; and in February, 1742, -he was advanced to the dignity of Viscount Petersham, and EARL of -HARRINGTON. In 1744 he was again appointed secretary of state; and -in 1746 he was constituted lord lieutenant of Ireland. He died in -1756. - - -HENRY HAWLEY, - -_Appointed 7th July, 1730_. - -This officer served the crown in four successive reigns; and held -a commission in the army during a period of sixty-five years. His -first appointment was dated the 10th of January, 1694; and having -signalized himself in the wars of Queen Anne, he obtained the rank -of colonel by brevet dated the 16th of October, 1712. On the 19th -of March, 1717, he was promoted from the lieutenant-colonelcy of -the fourth dragoons to the colonelcy of the thirty-third regiment -of foot; and on the 7th of July, 1730, he was removed to the -colonelcy of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons. In 1735 he was promoted to -the rank of brigadier-general; in 1739 to that of major-general; -and in the following year obtained the colonelcy of the royal -dragoons. In 1742 Major-General Hawley proceeded with the army to -Flanders, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general in -the following spring, and served at the battles of Dettingen and -Fontenoy. In 1746 he commanded against the rebel Highlanders in -Scotland, and the troops under his orders had a sharp encounter -with the enemy near Falkirk, and sustained considerable loss. He -was afterwards on the staff of the army in Ireland; and was many -years governor of Portsmouth. He died on the 24th of March, 1759. - - -ROBERT DALWAY, - -_Appointed 12th May, 1740_. - -ROBERT DALWAY was appointed cornet in a regiment of cavalry on -the 8th of March, 1704; he served several campaigns under the -celebrated John Duke of Marlborough, and was distinguished for -gallantry in action, and a strict attention to duty. On the 1st -of February, 1713, he was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of -Harwich's horse, now seventh dragoon guards, and in 1739, King -George II. promoted him to the colonelcy of the thirty-ninth foot, -from which he was removed in 1740, to the THIRTEENTH Dragoons. He -died in November of the same year. - - -HUMPHREY BLAND, - -_Appointed 9th January, 1741_. - -This officer's first commission was dated the 4th of February, -1704, and he had the honour to serve under the renowned John Duke -of Marlborough. At the augmentation of the army in the summer -of 1715, he was appointed major of the eleventh dragoons, and -he subsequently obtained the lieut.-colonelcy of that corps. -He was employed in suppressing the rebellion which broke out -in 1715, and was wounded at the attack of the insurgents at -Preston, in Lancashire. He subsequently held a commission in the -royal dragoons, and also in the King's horse, now first dragoon -guards, and in June, 1737, he was promoted to the colonelcy of the -thirty-sixth foot, from which he was removed to the THIRTEENTH -Dragoons in 1741, and in 1743, he obtained the colonelcy of the -third dragoons. He served as brigadier-general at the battle of -Dettingen, in 1743, and at Fontenoy, in 1745. In the following -winter he served as major-general under the Duke of Cumberland, -in Scotland, where he signalized himself on several occasions, -and commanded a regiment of cavalry at the battle of Culloden. He -subsequently returned to the continent, and was wounded at the -battle of Val, in 1747. In 1752, he was removed to the colonelcy of -the first dragoon guards, which he retained until his decease in -1763. - - -JAMES GARDINER, - -_Appointed 18th April, 1743_. - -JAMES GARDINER, son of Captain Patrick Gardiner, who died while -serving in Germany under the great Duke of Marlborough, in 1704, -was born in 1688. At the commencement of hostilities, in 1701, he -obtained a commission in one of the Scots regiments in the Dutch -service, and in 1702, he was appointed ensign in a regiment in -British pay. He served under the Duke of Marlborough, and at the -battle of Ramilies, on the 23rd of May, 1706, he was at the head -of the troops which attacked the French infantry posted in the -church-yard, and while in the act of planting his colours on an -elevated spot, and calling to his men to advance, he was shot in -the mouth. He lay all night on the ground, and on the following -day some foreign soldiers engaged to remove him to Huy; but being -unable to bear the fatigue of the journey, they left him at a -convent, where, owing to the kind care of the lady abbess, and the -aid she procured, he recovered in a few months[12]. This year he -was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and he was soon afterwards -removed to the Scots Greys, commanded by Lord John Dalrymple, -afterwards Earl of Stair, who became much attached to Lieutenant -Gardiner. On the re-formation of the seventh dragoons, in February, -1715, Lieutenant Gardiner was appointed captain-lieutenant in -that corps, and in July following he was promoted to captain, in -Stanhope's dragoons, of which regiment he was appointed major -in 1717; but in the following year this corps was disbanded. -During the war he was aide-de-camp to the Earl of Stair, and he -was attached to the splendid retinue of that nobleman, while his -lordship resided at Paris, as ambassador extraordinary at that -court, from whence he was frequently despatched with important -information to London. While thus employed he became changed, -from a sprightly participator in all the gaieties of life, to one -of the most sedate and pious men of the age in which he lived, -and was remarkable for his punctilious observance of religious -duties. His steady attachment to the protestant succession, and -numerous services, were rewarded, on the 24th of January, 1730, -with the lieut.-colonelcy of the sixth dragoons, and he performed -the duties of commanding officer to this corps, many years, with -the most exemplary care and zeal. He proceeded on foreign service -with the Inniskilling dragoons, in 1742, and soon after his -arrival in Germany, in 1743, he was promoted to the colonelcy of -the THIRTEENTH Dragoons. He commanded the regiment in Scotland, -in 1745, when the rebellion, headed by the Pretenders eldest son, -broke out in that country, and he eventually joined the troops -under Lieut.-General Sir John Cope. During the night preceding -the battle of Preston-pans, the army occupied a position near his -own family residence, and he was attended by four of his domestic -servants, whom he dismissed about three o'clock, on the following -morning, with a pious exhortation to preserve their loyalty to -their sovereign. He spent a considerable time in private devotion -before the battle. At the commencement of the action, he was -wounded in the left breast by a musket shot, which caused him to -give a sudden spring in his saddle, when his servant, who held -a spare horse, endeavoured to persuade him to withdraw, but he -refused, saying it was only a wound in the flesh. In the charge, he -behaved with the most heroic gallantry, and afterwards attempted -to rally his men; but being unable to accomplish this, he joined -some infantry, and while in the act of encouraging them, he was -struck on the right arm by a Highlander with a scythe fastened -to a pole. His sword dropped; other opponents came round him; -he was unhorsed, and left for dead. About two hours after the -engagement had ceased, his servant found him; he was alive, and -the servant removed him in a cart to Tranent church, from whence -he was conveyed to the minister's house, and put to bed; but he -expired soon afterwards. "In person, Colonel Gardiner was strongly -built and well-proportioned; in stature unusually tall; and in -the expression of his countenance, intellectual and dignified. In -calm heroism, he has never been excelled. The energy he displayed, -notwithstanding his bodily infirmities, on the day preceding the -fight, at Preston-pans, his pious exhortation to his domestics, his -devotion before the battle, and his calm unflinching bravery during -the contest, have thrown a romantic charm around his memory, by -which it will, doubtless, be long and deservedly embalmed[13]." - - -FRANCIS LIGONIER, - -_Appointed 1st October, 1745_. - -FRANCIS LIGONIER, descended from the ancient family of Ligonier, -many years resident in Languedoc, in France. Being of the -Protestant religion, he withdrew from that country in the time -of Louis XIV., and, with his brother John, (afterwards Earl -Ligonier,) entered the British service. In his first commission he -was designated Francis de Ligonier, but the _de_ was afterwards -discontinued. He was appointed major of the eighth horse, now -seventh dragoon guards, in 1729, and lieut.-colonel in 1737, and -under his care that regiment became celebrated for efficiency -and exemplary conduct in quarters and in the field. He commanded -the eighth horse at the battle of Dettingen, where he highly -distinguished himself, and was wounded; and he was rewarded in -April, 1745, with the colonelcy of the forty-eighth foot, from -which he was removed in October to the THIRTEENTH Dragoons. He -served under Lieut.-General Hawley, in Scotland, in January, 1746, -and while suffering from an attack of the pleurisy, he quitted his -bed to command the cavalry at the battle of Falkirk, where he again -signalized himself; but fatigue, and exposure to the cold and wet, -brought on a disease, of which he died a few days afterwards, much -regretted by all who knew him. - - -PHILIP NAISON, - -_Appointed 17th February, 1746_. - -This officer entered the army in 1708, and he acquired a reputation -for attention to his duties and for personal bravery. He was -many years in the royal dragoons, and commanded that regiment at -the battle of Dettingen, where it captured the standard of the -Mousquetairs Noirs. He was also wounded at the head of the royal -dragoons at the battle of Fontenoy; and in 1746 King George II. -rewarded him with the colonelcy of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons. He died -in 1750. - - -SIR CHARLES ARMAND POWLET, K.B., - -_Appointed 26th January, 1751_. - -CHARLES ARMAND POWLET, choosing the profession of arms, obtained -a commission as cornet of horse in 1710; he served many years in -the household cavalry, and was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of -the first troop of horse grenadier guards by King George II., who -afterwards rewarded him with the colonelcy of the ninth regiment -of marines, by commission dated the 27th of December, 1740. At -the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle his regiment was disbanded; and in -November, 1749, he was appointed colonel of the ninth foot; he was -also promoted to the rank of major-general, was honoured with the -dignity of a knight of the bath, and held an appointment in the -establishment of the Prince of Wales. In 1751 he was removed to the -THIRTEENTH Dragoons: he died in November of the same year. - - -THE HONORABLE HENRY SEYMOUR CONWAY, - -_Appointed 25th December, 1751_. - -THE HONORABLE HENRY SEYMOUR CONWAY, second son of Lord Conway, -and brother of Francis Earl of Hertford, was appointed lieutenant -in the first foot guards in 1737, captain and lieut.-colonel in -1741, and in 1746 he was appointed aide-de-camp to the Duke of -Cumberland, and promoted to the colonelcy of the fifty-ninth (now -forty-eighth) foot. He was removed to the thirty-fourth foot in -1749, to the THIRTEENTH Dragoons in 1751, and to the fourth horse, -now seventh dragoon guards, in 1754. In 1756 he was promoted to the -rank of major-general, and in 1759 to that of lieut.-general, and -he was removed to the royal dragoons in the same year. He commanded -a division of the allied army in Germany under Prince Ferdinand of -Brunswick in 1761; and the British forces in Germany were placed -under his orders during the absence of the Marquis of Granby. He -was also one of the grooms of the bed-chamber to his majesty, and -a member of parliament; and having voted against ministers on the -great question of military warrants, in 1764, he resigned his court -appointment and military commands; but in 1768 he was appointed -colonel of the fourth dragoons. In 1770 he succeeded the Marquis of -Granby in the colonelcy of the royal regiment of horse guards; in -1772 he was promoted to the rank of general, and in 1793 to that -of field-marshal. He died in 1795; at which period he was eldest -general officer, and first field-marshal in the army. - - -JOHN MOSTYN, - -_Appointed 8th July, 1754_. - -This officer was appointed ensign on the 29th of February, 1732, -and after a short service he was promoted to captain in the -thirty-first foot, from which he was advanced in 1742 to the -commission of captain-lieutenant in the second foot guards. He -served with his regiment on the continent, and was wounded at the -battle of Fontenoy in 1745. In 1747 he was appointed aide-de-camp -to King George II.; in 1751 His Majesty gave him the colonelcy of -the seventh regiment of foot, from which he was removed, in 1754, -to the THIRTEENTH Dragoons, and in 1757 he was promoted to the -rank of major-general: in 1758 he was removed to the fifth, royal -Irish, dragoons. He commanded a brigade of infantry under Charles, -Duke of Marlborough, in the expedition to St. Maloes, in 1758; in -1759 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general, and in 1760 he -was removed to the colonelcy of the seventh dragoons. He served -under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, in Germany, and signalized -himself at many general engagements and skirmishes during the -years 1759-60-61, and -62; and at the termination of the war he -was appointed colonel of the first dragoon guards; in 1772 he was -promoted to the rank of general. He died in March, 1779. - - -ARCHIBALD DOUGLAS, - -_Appointed 18th October, 1758_. - -After a progressive service in the subordinate commissions, this -officer was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the fourth dragoons -in February, 1747; he was also advanced to the rank of colonel in -the army, and honoured with the appointment of aide-de-camp to the -King. In 1758 His Majesty conferred upon him the colonelcy of the -THIRTEENTH Dragoons. He was promoted to the rank of major-general -in 1759, and to that of lieut.-general in 1761. He died at Dublin, -in October, 1778. - - -RICHARD PIERSON, - -_Appointed 27th November, 1778_. - -RICHARD PIERSON was many years an officer in the first foot guards, -in which regiment he was appointed major, with the rank of colonel -in the army, on the 21st of July, 1760. In 1762 he was promoted to -the rank of major-general, and in 1764 he was appointed colonel -of the sixty-third regiment of foot, from which he was removed in -the following year to the thirty-sixth regiment. In 1772 he was -promoted to the rank of lieut.-general; he was also honoured with -the dignity of a Knight of the Bath; and in 1778 he was removed to -the THIRTEENTH Dragoons. He was taken suddenly ill on his return -from the theatre on the night of the 12th of February, 1781, and -died before the following morning. - - -FRANCIS CRAIG, - -_Appointed 15th February, 1781_. - -FRANCIS CRAIG obtained a commission of ensign and lieutenant in -the second foot guards on the 22nd of April, 1742, and he served -in that regiment upwards of thirty-three years. He served with the -brigade of foot guards in Germany, in 1760-61, and -62, and was -promoted to the rank of colonel in the army in 1763. In 1775 he was -advanced from first major of the second, to lieutenant-colonel of -the first, foot guards, and promoted to the rank of major-general. -In 1777 he attained the rank of lieutenant-general; he was -appointed colonel of the THIRTEENTH Dragoons in 1781, and promoted -to the rank of general in 1793. He was many years governor of -Sheerness. He died in 1811, in the eighty-sixth year of his age. - - -THE HON. SIR HENRY GEORGE GREY, G.C.B., G.C.H. - -_Appointed 30th December, 1811_. - - -SUCCESSION OF LIEUTENANT-COLONELS, THIRTEENTH LIGHT DRAGOONS. - - +--------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+ - | | Dates of | | - | NAMES. | Appointment. | REMARKS. | - +--------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+ - | Clement Neville | 22nd July, 1715 | Colonel 14th Dragoons, 9th | - | | | April, 1720. | - | | | | - | Peter Ker | 24th May, 1722 | | - | | | | - | Shuckburgh Whitney | 20th June, 1739 | Killed at the battle of | - | | | Falkirk. | - | | | | - | John Toovey | 19th Sep., 1747 | Removed to the 1st Royal | - | | | Dragoons in 1754. | - | | | | - | James Johnston | 2nd Dec., 1754 | Ditto, ditto, 1759, | - | | | afterwards Colonel 4th | - | | | Dragoon Guards. | - | | | | - | Henry Gore | 7th April, 1759 | Retired in 1764. | - | | | | - | Thomas Crow | 6th Feb., 1764 | Ditto. | - | | | | - | James Blaquiere | 7th Dec., 1764 | | - | | | | - | Sir James Steuart, | 15th July, 1776 | Colonel 12th Light Dragoons,| - | Baronet | | 9th Nov., 1791. | - | | | | - | Honorable William | 31st Dec., 1791 | Died in 1792. | - | Cuffe | | | - | | | | - | Honorable George | 31st Oct., 1792 | Retired in 1797. | - | Walpole | | | - | | | | - | Robert Bolton | 7th June, 1797 | Promoted Major-General, | - | | | afterwards Colonel 7th | - | | | Dragoon Guards. | - | | | | - | Honorable John | 16th July, 1799 | Retired in 1801. | - | Browne | | | - | | | | - | Michael Head | 4th June, 1801 | Promoted Major-General. | - | | | | - | Patrick Doherty | 4th June, 1813 | Retired in 1818. | - | | | | - | *Theophilus | 5th Nov., 1818 | Commandant at Maidstone; | - | Pritzler | | promoted Major-General. | - | | | | - | Shapland Boyse | 8th Dec., 1818 | Retired in 1830. | - | | | | - | *Sir John Browne, | 9th May, 1820 | Commandant at Maidstone; | - | Kt. | | promoted Major-General. | - | | | | - | Thomas Hawker | 9th Aug., 1821 | Held a superior command in | - | | | India; promoted Major-Gen.| - | | | | - | John Floyd | 21st July, 1825 | Retired in 1833. | - | Paterson | | | - | | | | - | *Sir T. Noel Hill, | 22nd July, 1830 | Commandant at Maidstone; | - | K.C.B. | | died in 1833. | - | | | | - | Richard Brunton | 31st Dec., 1830 | Commanding the Regiment | - | | | since December, 1831. | - | | | | - | William Persse | 6th Dec., 1833 | Removed to 16th Lancers in | - | | | 1834. | - | | | | - | Allan Thomas | 11th July, 1834 | To half-pay on the reduction| - | Maclean | | of the establishment in | - | | | 1840. | - +--------------------+-----------------+-----------------------------+ - - * The Officers, whose names are marked thus,*, were appointed to - a regiment in India, in consequence of commanding the Cavalry - Depôt at Maidstone;--but they did not join the regiment. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[12] In the _Life of Colonel James Gardiner_, by the Rev. J. -Doddridge, D.D., the circumstances connected with his being wounded -at Ramilies are detailed, which the Doctor states he had the -pleasure of hearing more than once from the colonel's own mouth: -but the doctor's memory must have failed in a few points, as there -are some palpable errors in the statement, such as--"the French -were masters of that spot (Ramilies) though their forces were -defeated at some distance;" &c. &c. - -[13] Sir Walter Scott. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - The 2-column list of officers on pages 70/71 has been reordered in - a single column so that all Captains precede all Lieutenants. - - All { brackets have been removed from the Table on page 96, since - there is no ambiguity in the etext table. This Table has a 'footnote' - referenced by * which remains placed at the bottom of the Table. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, - Field Marshal, Field-Marshal; bedchamber, bed-chamber; patrole; - piquet; riband; signalized; rencounter. - - Pg 19, 'Philip Naizon' is also called 'Philip Naison' elsewhere in - the book. Other external sources are also inconsistent in this - regard. - Pg 22, 'Royal Fusileers' replaced by 'Royal Fusiliers'. - Pg 70, 'Lt.-Cl. Patrick' replaced by 'Lt.-Col. Patrick'. - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Thirteenth -Regiment of Light Dragoons: From It, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD--13TH REG. 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margin-right: 10%; font-size: 90%;} -.footnote p {text-indent: 0em;} -.footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} - -.fnanchor { - vertical-align: super; - font-size: .8em; - text-decoration: - none; -} - -/* Transcriber's notes */ -.transnote { - background-color: #E6E6FA; - color: black; - font-size:90%; - padding:0.5em; - margin-top:5em; - margin-bottom:5em; - font-family:sans-serif, serif; -} - -.transnote p {text-indent: 0em;} - - </style> - </head> - -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Thirteenth -Regiment of Light Dragoons: From It, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Historical Record of the Thirteenth Regiment of Light Dragoons: From Its Formation in 1715 to 1842 - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: June 14, 2017 [EBook #54908] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD--13TH REG. LIGHT DRAGOONS *** - - - - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - -</pre> - - - -<div class="transnote"> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Some minor changes are noted at the <a href="#TN">end of the book.</a></p> -</div> - - -<div class="figcenter pg-brk"> -<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="600" alt="original cover" /> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> - -<p class="p6" /> -<p class="pfs150 lsp wsp">HISTORICAL RECORDS</p> - -<p class="p4 pfs70">OF</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs180 lsp2">THE BRITISH ARMY.</p> -<p class="p6" /> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[Pg iii]</a></span></p> - -<h2>GENERAL ORDERS.</h2> - -<hr class="r30" /> - -<p class="p2 right small padr1"><em>HORSE-GUARDS</em>,</p> -<p class="right small"><em>1st January, 1836</em>.</p> - -<p class="in3">His Majesty has been pleased to command, -that, with a view of doing the fullest justice to Regiments, -as well as to Individuals who have distinguished -themselves by their Bravery in Action with -the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every -Regiment in the British Army shall be published -under the superintendence and direction of the -Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall contain -the following particulars, viz.,</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>—— The Period and Circumstances of the Original -Formation of the Regiment; The Stations at -which it has been from time to time employed; The -Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations, in -which it has been engaged, particularly specifying -any Achievement it may have performed, and the -Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have captured from -the Enemy.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of the Officers and the number -of Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates, Killed -or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the Place and -Date of the Action.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[iv]</a></span></p> - -<p>—— The Names of those Officers, who, in consideration -of their Gallant Services and Meritorious -Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have been -distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other Marks of -His Majesty's gracious favour.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned -Officers and Privates as may have specially -signalized themselves in Action.</p> - -<p>And,</p> - -<p>—— The Badges and Devices which the Regiment -may have been permitted to bear, and the Causes -on account of which such Badges or Devices, or any -other Marks of Distinction, have been granted.</p></div> - -<p class="right padr4">By Command of the Right Honourable</p> -<p class="right padr2">GENERAL LORD HILL,</p> -<p class="right"><em>Commanding-in-Chief</em>.</p> - -<p class="p2 right lsp"><span class="smcap">John Macdonald</span>,</p> -<p class="right padr1"><em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[v]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE">PREFACE.</a></h2> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<p class="noindent">The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly -depend upon the zeal and ardour, by which all who enter -into its service are animated, and consequently it is of the -highest importance that any measure calculated to excite the -spirit of emulation, by which alone great and gallant actions -are achieved, should be adopted.</p> - -<p>Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of -this desirable object, than a full display of the noble deeds -with which the Military History of our country abounds. -To hold forth these bright examples to the imitation of the -youthful soldier, and thus to incite him to emulate the -meritorious conduct of those who have preceded him in their -honourable career, are among the motives that have given -rise to the present publication.</p> - -<p>The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced -in the "London Gazette," from whence they are -transferred into the public prints: the achievements of our -armies are thus made known at the time of their occurrence, -and receive the tribute of praise and admiration to which -they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, the Houses -of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on the -Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span> -their orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for -their skill and bravery, and these testimonials, confirmed by -the high honour of their Sovereign's Approbation, constitute -the reward which the soldier most highly prizes.</p> - -<p>It has not, however, until late years, been the practice -(which appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental -armies) for British Regiments to keep regular -records of their services and achievements. Hence some -difficulty has been experienced in obtaining, particularly -from the old Regiments, an authentic account of their origin -and subsequent services.</p> - -<p>This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His -Majesty having been pleased to command, that every Regiment -shall in future keep a full and ample record of its -services at home and abroad.</p> - -<p>From the materials thus collected, the country will -henceforth derive information as to the difficulties and -privations which chequer the career of those who embrace -the military profession. In Great Britain, where so large a -number of persons are devoted to the active concerns of -agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and where these -pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed by the -<em>presence of war</em>, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active -service, and of the casualties of climate, to which, even -during peace, the British Troops are exposed in every part -of the globe, with little or no interval of repose.</p> - -<p>In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span> -country derives from the industry and the enterprise of the -agriculturist and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be -supposed not often to reflect on the perilous duties of the -soldier and the sailor,—on their sufferings,—and on the -sacrifice of valuable life, by which so many national benefits -are obtained and preserved.</p> - -<p>The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and -endurance, have shone conspicuously under great and trying -difficulties; and their character has been established in Continental -warfare by the irresistible spirit with which they -have effected debarkations in spite of the most formidable -opposition, and by the gallantry and steadiness with which -they have maintained their advantages against superior -numbers.</p> - -<p>In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, -ample justice has generally been done to the gallant -exertions of the Corps employed; but the details of their -services, and of acts of individual bravery, can only be fully -given in the Annals of the various Regiments.</p> - -<p>These Records are now preparing for publication, under -His Majesty's special authority, by Mr. <span class="smcap">Richard Cannon</span>, -Principal Clerk of the Adjutant-General's Office; and while -the perusal of them cannot fail to be useful and interesting -to military men of every rank, it is considered that they will -also afford entertainment and information to the general -reader, particularly to those who may have served in the -Army, or who have relatives in the Service.</p> - -<p>There exists in the breasts of most of those who have<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span> -served, or are serving, in the Army, an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Esprit de Corps</i>—an -attachment to every thing belonging to their Regiment; -to such persons a narrative of the services of their own Corps -cannot fail to prove interesting. Authentic accounts of the -actions of the great,—the valiant,—the loyal, have always -been of paramount interest with a brave and civilized people. -Great Britain has produced a race of heroes who, in moments -of danger and terror, have stood, "firm as the rocks -of their native shore;" and when half the World has been -arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their -Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a -record of achievements in war,—victories so complete and -surprising, gained by our countrymen,—our brothers,—our -fellow-citizens in arms,—a record which revives the memory -of the brave, and brings their gallant deeds before us, will -certainly prove acceptable to the public.</p> - -<p>Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers, will be introduced in the Records of their -respective Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which -have, from time to time, been conferred upon each Regiment, -as testifying the value and importance of its services, -will be faithfully set forth.</p> - -<p>As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each -Regiment will be printed in a distinct number, so that when -the whole shall be completed, the Parts may be bound up -in numerical succession.</p> - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> - -<h1> -<span class="xl lsp2">HISTORICAL RECORD</span><br /> -<br /> -<span class="small">OF</span><br /> -<br /> -THE THIRTEENTH<br /> -<br /> -<span class="large">REGIMENT OF</span><br /> -<br /> -<span class="lsp2">LIGHT DRAGOONS;</span></h1> - -<p class="p4 pfs70">CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF</p> -<p class="p2 pfs120 lsp">THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT</p> -<p class="p2 pfs120">IN 1715,</p> -<p class="p4 pfs70">AND OF</p> -<p class="p2 pfs120">ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES</p> -<p class="p2 pfs70">TO</p> -<p class="p1 pfs120 lsp2">1842.</p> - -<p class="p4" /> -<hr class="r30" /> -<p class="p2 pfs120">LONDON:</p> -<p class="pfs100">JOHN W. PARKER, WEST STRAND.</p> - -<hr class="r5a" /> -<p class="pfs60">M.DCCC.XI.II.</p> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> -<p class="p6" /> - -<p class="pfs70">LONDON:<br /><br /> -HARRISON AND CO., PRINTERS,<br /><br /> -ST. MARTIN'S LANE.</p> -<p class="p6" /> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/badge.jpg" width="150" alt="" /> -</div> - -<div class="lht"> -<p class="pfs180 lsp2">THE THIRTEENTH</p> -<p class="p1 pfs180">LIGHT DRAGOONS</p> -<p class="p2 pfs70 lsp">BEAR ON THEIR CHACOS AND APPOINTMENTS<br /> -THE MOTTO</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs135"><i lang="la" xml:lang="la">VIRET IN ÆTERNUM</i>;</p> -<p class="p1 pfs70 lsp">AND THE WORDS</p> -<p class="pfs135">"PENINSULA," <span class="fs70">AND</span> "WATERLOO,"</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs70 lsp">TO COMMEMORATE THE SERVICES OF THE REGIMENT IN<br /> -PORTUGAL, SPAIN, AND THE SOUTH OF FRANCE,<br /> -FROM 1810 TO 1814;</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs70 lsp">AND AT THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO, ON<br /> -THE 18TH JUNE, 1815;<br /> -<br /> -UNDER</p> -<p class="pfs120">FIELD MARSHAL THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON.</p> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v_2" id="Page_v_2">[Pg v]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS">CONTENTS.</a></h2> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr><td class="tdl">Year</td><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr">Page</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1715</td><td class="tdl">Formation of the Regiment</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Names of the Officers</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Rebellion of the Earl of Mar.—Action at Preston</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1718</td><td class="tdl">The Regiment proceeds to Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1742</td><td class="tdl">Returns to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1745</td><td class="tdl">Rebellion in Scotland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Preston-Pans</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1746</td><td class="tdl">———– Falkirk</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1749</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1751</td><td class="tdl">Description of the Clothing and Guidons</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1783</td><td class="tdl">Constituted <em>Light Dragoons</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1784</td><td class="tdl">Clothing changed from Scarlet to <em>Blue</em></td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1795</td><td class="tdl">Two Troops embark for Jamaica</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1796</td><td class="tdl">The Regiment proceeds to Barbadoes</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Services in the Island of St. Domingo</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">—————————– Jamaica</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1798</td><td class="tdl">Returns to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1803</td><td class="tdl">In readiness to repel the projected French Invasion</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1807</td><td class="tdl">Reviewed by the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1809</td><td class="tdl">Ditto, ditto, and other Members of the Royal Family</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1810</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for Portugal</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_34">34</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Joins the Army in the Alemtejo</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1810</td><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi_2" id="Page_vi_2">[vi]</a></span> - Capture of a party of French Dragoons at Ladoera</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Busaco</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Lines of Torres Vedras</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_40">40</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1811</td><td class="tdl">Action at Campo Mayor</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Party Surprised near Olivenza</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Covering the Siege of Olivenza</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Action near Los Santos</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Covering of the Siege of Badajoz</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_48">48</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Albuhera</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Action at Usagre</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———– Arroyo de Molinos</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Skirmish between La Nava and Merida</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1812</td><td class="tdl">Covering the Siege of Badajoz</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Attack on the French post at Almaraz</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Action at Usagre</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_54">54</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1813</td><td class="tdl">The French driven from Salamanca</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Vittoria</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———– the Pyrenees</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_58">58</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">————— Nive</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_59">59</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Action at Hasparen</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1814</td><td class="tdl">———– Sauveterre</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_60">60</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Orthes</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_61">61</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Rencounter at Ayre</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Action at St. Gaudens</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_63">63</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Toulouse</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_65">65</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Returns to England</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_66">66</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1815</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds to Flanders</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Waterloo</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_68">68</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Advances to Paris</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1816</td><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii_2" id="Page_vii_2">[vii]</a></span> - Returns to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1819</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for India</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_72">72</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Stationed at Arcot</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_73">73</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1820</td><td class="tdl">Removes to Bangalore</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1826</td><td class="tdl">Returns to Arcot</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1828</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds to Arnee</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1829</td><td class="tdl">Marches to Bangalore</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1832</td><td class="tdl">Resumes wearing Scarlet Clothing</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1833</td><td class="tdl">Authority to retain the motto <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Viret in æternum</i></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_74">74</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1836</td><td class="tdl">Facings changed to <em>Green</em></td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1839</td><td class="tdl">Action at Zorapoor</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_75">75</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1840</td><td class="tdl">Orders issued previous to quitting India</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Returns to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_79">79</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Blue Clothing, with Buff Facings, resumed</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1841</td><td class="tdl">Inspected by the Duke of Cambridge</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1842</td><td class="tdl">Attends as a Guard of Honor to the King of Prussia on his Visit to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_80">80</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">The Conclusion</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_81">81</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii_2" id="Page_viii_2">[viii]</a></span></p> - -<h2 class="cols"><a name="SUCCESSION_OF_COLONELS" id="SUCCESSION_OF_COLONELS">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.</a></h2> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr><td class="tdl">Year</td><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr">Page</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1715</td><td class="tdl">Richard Munden</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_82">82</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1722</td><td class="tdl">Sir Robert Rich, Bart.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_83">83</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1725</td><td class="tdl">William Stanhope</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_84">84</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1730</td><td class="tdl">Henry Hawley</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_85">85</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1740</td><td class="tdl">Robert Dalway</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_86">86</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1741</td><td class="tdl">Humphrey Bland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_87">87</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1743</td><td class="tdl">James Gardiner</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1745</td><td class="tdl">Francis Ligonier</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_90">90</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1746</td><td class="tdl">Philip Naison</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_91">91</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1751</td><td class="tdl">Sir Charles Armand Powlet, K.B.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_92">92</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Hon. Henry Seymour Conway</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1754</td><td class="tdl">John Mostyn</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_93">93</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1758</td><td class="tdl">Archibald Douglas</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_94">94</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1778</td><td class="tdl">Richard Pierson</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_95">95</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1781</td><td class="tdl">Francis Craig</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1811</td><td class="tdl">Hon. Sir Henry George Grey, G.C.B., G.C.H.</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1715 }</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"> to }</td><td class="tdl smcap">Succession of Lieut.-Colonels</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_96">96</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1842 }</td></tr> -</table></div> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/i_b_001fp.jpg" width="650" alt="" /> -<div class="caption lsp">THIRTEENTH LIGHT DRAGOONS.<br /> -<p class="right fs80">[<em>To face page 1.</em></p> -</div></div> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p> - -<h2 class="lsp2">HISTORICAL RECORD</h2> - -<p class="p2 pfs70">OF</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs150">THE THIRTEENTH</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs120">REGIMENT</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs70">OF</p> - -<p class="pfs180 lsp2">LIGHT DRAGOONS.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> - -<div class="sidenote">1715</div> - -<p>During the summer of 1715, when treachery, -treason, and mistaken notions of duty, united -with the intrigues of foreign courts, menaced -Great Britain with domestic war, and when the -expectations of the friends of the Pretender were -become sanguine of effecting his speedy elevation -to the throne, King George I. augmented the -regular army, and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth Regiment of -Dragoons</span> was raised in the midland counties of -England, by Brigadier-General <span class="smcap">Richard Munden</span>, -whose valour, loyalty, and devotion to the -house of Hanover were undoubted. The following -officers were appointed to the regiment by -commissions dated the 22nd of July, 1715.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span></p> - -<div class="center fs80"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr><td class="tdl pad4"><em>Captains.</em></td><td class="tdl pad4"><em>Lieutenants.</em></td><td class="tdl pad4"><em>Cornets.</em></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Rich. Munden, <em>Col.</em></td><td class="tdl">Hen. de Grangues,</td><td class="tdl">Gerald Fitzgerald</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl pad3"><em>Capt. Lt.</em></td><td class="tdl"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Clem. Neville, <em>Lt.-Col.</em></td><td class="tdl">Philip Bridgman</td><td class="tdl">Chas. Greenwood</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Sam. Freeman, <em>Maj.</em></td><td class="tdl">Thomas Mason</td><td class="tdl">William Freeman</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Francis Howard</td><td class="tdl">Francis Hull</td><td class="tdl">William Williamson</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Lutton Lister</td><td class="tdl">Henry Dawson</td><td class="tdl">John Watson</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">—— Heblethwayte</td><td class="tdl">John Molyneux</td><td class="tdl">Martin O'Bryan.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>After its formation the regiment occupied -quarters in Cheshire, where it was stationed, -under the command of Major-General Wills, -when the rebellion in Scotland, headed by the -Earl of Mar, commenced. When the insurgents, -under General Forster and Brigadier-General -Mackintosh, advanced into Lancashire, the regiment -was directed to proceed towards Manchester, -to confront and fight the rebel bands; -it was formed in brigade with Stanhope's dragoons -(afterwards disbanded), under the command -of its colonel, Brigadier-General Munden, and at -break of day on the 12th of November, it advanced -towards <em>Preston</em>, where the rebels had -taken post, and had barricaded the avenues of -the town. After driving in the rebel piquets, -the king's troops formed, about three in the -afternoon, opposite the main streets; a squadron -of the regiment dismounted, to take part in -storming the avenue leading to Wigan, and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span> -other two squadrons supported the storming -party which attacked the avenue leading to Lancaster. -The first barrier was carried in gallant -style; but the inner barricade could not be forced -for want of cannon. The soldiers took possession -of some buildings, threw a breastwork across the -road, and set the houses between the breastwork -and barricade on fire; thus blockading the insurgents -in the town. Major-General Carpenter -afterwards arrived with some additional forces, -and the rebel bands surrendered at discretion. -The regiment had four men and twelve horses -wounded in this service, and its colonel was -thanked for his gallant conduct at the head of -one of the storming parties.</p> - -<p>After escorting the rebel prisoners to the -nearest gaols, the regiment was placed in cantonments -in Lancashire, where it was stationed until -the final suppression of the rebellion in Scotland, -by the troops under the Duke of Argyle, in the -early part of 1716.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1716<br />1717</div> - -<p>The regiment assembled in April, 1716, at -Manchester, where it was inspected, and afterwards -marched into dispersed quarters in Wiltshire; -in April, 1717, it marched into the counties -of Berks and Hants, and passed the following -winter at Worcester and Bromsgrove.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1718</div> - -<p>In the spring of 1718 the regiment marched -to Gloucester and Tewksbury: a reduction in the -army took place, and in the autumn of this year, -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons embarked at Liverpool -for Ireland, to replace a regiment ordered to -be disbanded in that country.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1719<br />1722<br />1725</div> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were stationed in -Ireland during the remainder of the reign of -King George I., and also during the first fourteen -years of the reign of King George II. Their -colonel, Brigadier-General Munden, was removed, -in 1722, to the eighth dragoons, and was succeeded -by Brigadier-General Sir Robert Rich, -Baronet, whose regiment of dragoons, raised in -1715, had been disbanded. On the decease of -Brigadier-General Munden, in 1725, Sir Robert -Rich was removed to the eighth dragoons, and -was succeeded by Colonel William Stanhope, -afterwards Earl of Harrington, who raised a regiment -in 1715, which was disbanded in 1718.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1730</div> - -<p>Lord Harrington was appointed Secretary of -State, and the colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons was conferred, on the 7th of July, -1730, on Colonel Henry Hawley, from the -thirty-third foot.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1735<br />1739<br />1740<br />1741</div> - -<p>Colonel Hawley was promoted to the rank<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span> -of brigadier-general in 1735, to that of major-general -in 1739, and was removed to the Royal -Dragoons in May, 1740, when he was succeeded -by Colonel Robert Dalway, from the thirty-ninth -foot. This officer died in November of -the same year, and in January, 1741, King -George II. conferred the colonelcy of the regiment -on Colonel Humphrey Bland, from the -thirty-sixth foot.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1742</div> - -<p>In 1742 a British army was sent to Flanders, -to support the house of Austria against the combined -efforts of the King of France and the -Elector of Bavaria, and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons -were withdrawn from Ireland, and stationed -in South Britain.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1743</div> - -<p>Brigadier-General Bland was removed to the -third dragoons in April, 1743, and King George -II. promoted Lieut.-Colonel <span class="smcap">James Gardiner</span>, -from the Inniskilling Dragoons, to the colonelcy -of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> dragoons.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1744</div> - -<p>Colonel Gardiner left the sixth dragoons in -Germany, and joined his regiment in England, -and being a most zealous and efficient officer, he -bestowed much care on its discipline, equipment, -and the condition of the horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1745</div> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were stationed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span> -in Scotland when the rebellion, headed by Charles -Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, broke out in -that country in the summer of 1745, and they -were ordered to take post at Stirling, from -whence Lieut.-General Sir John Cope, the commander-in-chief -in Scotland, advanced with a -small force into the Highlands, but he was -unable to stop the progress of the numerous -bands of mountaineers which had joined the -Pretender's standard, and he embarked with some -infantry from Aberdeen for Leith. When the -rebel army advanced to cross the Firth, the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons moved to Falkirk, and -their commanding officer, Colonel Gardiner, was -desirous of being reinforced by other troops, in -order to be enabled to make some effectual opposition; -but he was suddenly ordered to proceed -with his own and Hamilton's (fourteenth) dragoons, -by forced marches, to Dunbar, to join Sir -John Cope. This hasty retreat before an enemy -which the soldiers were desirous of attacking, -produced a bad effect on the minds of the men, -and they were further disheartened by hearing -that the rebels had gained possession of Edinburgh, -towards which city they were directed to -advance. The young Pretender put the clans in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span> -motion to meet the king's troops, who were not -half so numerous as their opponents; and on the -20th of September the two armies confronted -each other near the village of <em>Preston-pans</em>, seven -miles from Edinburgh. When the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons had formed in line, Colonel Gardiner -rode along the ranks and addressed the men in -the most animated manner; the soldiers desired -to be led against the enemy, and Colonel Gardiner -suggested to Sir John Cope the advantages -which would probably result from an immediate -attack on the insurgent bands; but a defensive -plan was adopted, which proved another source -of discouragement to the dragoons<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a>.</p> - -<p>The troops passed the night in the fields, and -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons furnished videttes and -patroles to watch the motions of the rebel army, -which advanced to the attack before day-light on -the following morning. A chosen band of Highlanders -was discovered through the thick atmosphere -advancing against the right; and two -other columns of mountaineers were in motion -to join in the attack; as they drew near, they -raised a loud shout, fired a volley, threw down<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span> -their muskets, and rushed sword in hand upon -the soldiers guarding the artillery on the right, -who, finding themselves assailed by more than -three times their own number, gave way and -fled. The dragoons, seeing the artillery lost, -became disheartened; the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> fired -their carbines, and then advanced to charge a -column of Highlanders, so numerous, that the -dragoons were dismayed, and being seized with -a sudden panic, the greater part of them fled. -A few, however, including Colonel Gardiner, -and Lieut.-Colonel Whitney, charged manfully; -Colonel Gardiner highly distinguished himself, -and though shot in the breast, refused to retire; -Lieut.-Colonel Whitney was shot in the arm, -and was forced to withdraw; Lieutenant Grafton -and Quarter-Master Burroughs were wounded -and taken prisoners; Quarter-Master West, a -man of distinguished bravery, and about fifteen -dragoons rallied round their colonel, but were -overpowered, the quarter-master was taken prisoner, -and few of the men escaped. Colonel -Gardiner afterwards rode towards some infantry, -and while in the act of encouraging them to -make a resolute stand, he was cut down by a -Highlander with a scythe fastened to a pole, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span> -as he fell, another Highlander gave him a mortal -blow on the head; thus terminated the career of -a most meritorious officer, who was distinguished -for strict attention to duty, personal bravery, -and christian virtues.</p> - -<p>The infantry having been overpowered, the -whole fled from the field. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons passed through Preston, and were -rallied at the west end of the town, from whence -Lieut.-General Sir John Cope retired with them -to Berwick.</p> - -<p>The loss of the battle of Preston-pans proved -a serious disaster, as the rebels obtained possession -of a train of artillery, and a great quantity -of arms, and were afterwards enabled to penetrate -into England. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons -joined the troops under Field-Marshal Wade, at -Newcastle, and afterwards returned to Scotland, -and the colonelcy was conferred on Colonel -Francis Ligonier, from the forty-eighth foot, an -excellent officer, conspicuous for zeal for the -service and personal bravery.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1746</div> - -<p>After the retreat of the rebels from Derby -back to Scotland, the regiment marched to -Edinburgh, where a small army was assembled -under Lieut.-General Hawley, and the rebels<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span> -having besieged Stirling Castle, the troops advanced, -in the middle of January, 1746, to raise -the siege, and halted near <em>Falkirk</em>, where a camp -was formed. The rebels advanced to meet the -King's forces, and a general engagement was -fought on Falkirk Moor on the 17th of January. -Colonel <span class="smcap">Francis Ligonier</span>, of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons, was taken ill of a pleurisy; he was -bled and blistered on the 14th of January, but -no consideration could keep him from his duty, -and he quitted his bed and commanded the -brigade of dragoons at the battle on the 17th of -January. The action was commenced by a -charge of the cavalry; Colonel Ligonier led the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons forward with great spirit, -broke the first line of rebels, and cut down a -number of opponents, but he was unable to force -the second line, and a heavy storm of wind and -rain beat so violently in the soldiers' faces as to -produce some confusion. Lieut.-Colonel Whitney, -who had recovered from his wounds received -at Preston-pans and resumed his duty, was killed -fighting in the midst of a crowd of Highlanders; -several other officers and a number of men were -also killed and wounded. The torrent of battle -flowed in favour of the rebels, and one wing of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span> -the King's army retired; a few regiments, however, -maintained their ground with the most -heroic bravery, and were supported by Colonel -Ligonier with a party of dragoons; after dark, -the King's troops being exposed to a heavy -rain, retired to Linlithgow. Colonel Ligonier -covered the retreat with his dragoons to Linlithgow, -and being drenched with rain and -benumbed with cold, he was seized with an -inflammation in the throat, of which he died on -the 25th of January, much regretted by the -regiment.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons withdrew from -Linlithgow to Edinburgh, and when the Duke of -Cumberland took the command of the army and -advanced against the rebels, the regiment was -left at Edinburgh, and directed to patrole along -the roads leading westward to prevent the insurgents -receiving intelligence.</p> - -<p>On the 17th of February, 1746, the colonelcy -was conferred on <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note— Also called Naison in this book">Philip Naizon</ins>, from the lieut.-colonelcy -of the first royal dragoons.</p> - -<p>The rebellion in Scotland was suppressed by -the decisive battle of Culloden, on the 16th of -April, 1746.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1748<br />1749</div> - -<p>In 1748, a treaty of peace was concluded at<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> -Aix-la-Chapelle; the dragoon regiments on -foreign service returned to England, and in the -early part of 1749, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons -embarked for Ireland.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1751</div> - -<p>Colonel Philip Naizon died in January, 1751, -and was succeeded in the colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons by Major-General Sir Charles -Armand Powlet, K.B. from the ninth regiment -of foot. This officer died in November of the -same year, and was succeeded by Colonel the -Honorable Henry Seymour Conway, from the -thirty-fourth regiment of foot.</p> - -<p>The following particulars respecting the uniform -and guidons of the regiment, have been -extracted from a royal warrant, dated the 1st of -July, 1751.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Coats</span>,—scarlet, double-breasted, without -lappels, lined with <em>light green</em>; slit sleeves turned -up with light green; the button-holes ornamented -with narrow yellow lace; the buttons flat, of yellow -metal, set on three and three; a long slash -pocket in each skirt; and a yellow worsted -aiguillette on the right shoulder.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Waistcoats and Breeches</span>,—light green.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Hats</span>,—three-cornered, bound with gold lace, -and ornamented with a black cockade and a yellow<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span> -loop. The forage cap red, turned up with -light green, and 13.D. on the little flap.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Boots</span>,—of jacked leather.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Horse Furniture</span>,—of light green cloth; -the holster caps and housings having a border of -white lace, with a yellow stripe down the centre; -XIII.D. embroidered, in white, upon a red -ground, within a wreath of roses and thistles, on -the housings; and upon the holster caps, the -King's cipher and crown, with XIII.D. underneath.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Cloaks</span>,—of scarlet cloth, with a light green -cape and lining; the buttons set on three and -three upon white frogs, or loops, with a yellow -stripe down the centre.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Officers</span>,—distinguished by gold lace and -embroidery, and a crimson silk sash worn across -the left shoulder.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Quarter-Masters</span>,—to wear a crimson silk -sash round their waists.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Serjeants</span>,—to have narrow gold lace on -their cuffs, pockets, and shoulder straps; gold -aiguillettes, and light green and yellow worsted -sashes tied round their waists.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Drummers and Hautboys</span>,—light-green -coats, lined with scarlet, and ornamented with<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> -white and yellow lace; scarlet waistcoats and -breeches.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Guidons</span>,—the first, or King's guidon, to be -of crimson silk, with a silver and yellow fringe; -in the centre, the rose and thistle conjoined, and -crown over them, with the motto, <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Dieu et mon -Droit</i>, underneath; the white horse in a compartment -in the first and fourth corners, and XIII.D. -in silver characters, on a light green ground, in -the second and third corners: the second and -third guidons to be of light-green silk; in the -centre XIII.D. in silver characters on a crimson -ground, within a wreath of roses and thistles on -the same stalk; the white horse on a red ground, -in the first and fourth corners; and the rose and -thistle conjoined, upon a red ground, in the -second and third corners; the third guidon to -have a figure 3, on a circular red ground, under -the wreath.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1754</div> - -<p>On the removal of Lieut.-General Conway to -the fourth Irish horse, now seventh dragoon -guards, in July, 1754, Colonel John Mostyn was -appointed to the colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons, from the Seventh <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note—Original text: 'Royal Fusileers'">Royal Fusiliers</ins>.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1757<br />1758<br />1759<br />1761</div> - -<p>Colonel Mostyn was promoted to the rank of -major-general, in 1757, and was removed in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> -1758, to the Fifth Royal Irish Dragoons,—when -His Majesty conferred the colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -on Archibald Douglas, from the lieut.-colonelcy -of the fourth dragoons. This officer -was one of the King's aides-de-camp and a member -of parliament, and he was promoted to the -rank of major-general in 1759, and to that of -lieut.-general in 1761.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1768<br />1770</div> - -<p>In the clothing warrant of 1768, the facings -of the regiment are directed to be of <em>deep green</em>, -and the waistcoats and breeches of buff, instead -of light-green. White waistcoats and breeches -were adopted a few years afterwards, and a small -red and white feather was introduced into the -cocked-hats.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1778</div> - -<p>Lieut.-General Douglas died at Dublin, in -October, 1778, and was succeeded by Lieut.-General -Richard Pierson, from the thirty-sixth -foot. This officer was rewarded with the dignity -of a Knight of the Bath.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1779</div> - -<p>In 1779, the regiment proceeded by forced -marches to the north of Ireland, in consequence -of disturbances in that quarter, and its presence -soon restored order.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1780</div> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons encamped in -1780, with the army in the neighbourhood of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> -Ardfinnan,—and, on the breaking up of the -encampment, moved into quarters at Clonmel, -Carrick-on-Suir, and Cappoquin.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1781</div> - -<p>Lieut.-General Pierson expired suddenly on -the morning of the 13th of February, 1781, and -was succeeded by Lieut.-General Francis Craig, -from the lieut.-colonelcy of the First regiment of -Foot-Guards.</p> - -<p>In 1781 the regiment marched to Charleville -and Bruff, and was subsequently stationed at -Cork, where it received orders to proceed, with -some other regiments and artillery under the -command of Colonel Ralph Abercromby, against -George Robert Fitzgerald, who had fortified his -family residence near Castlebar, in the county of -Mayo, and was in open rebellion against the laws. -On the arrival of the forces at Castlebar, they -proceeded on the service assigned to them,—but -Fitzgerald had fled and quitted the country: -some ship guns, which he had mounted, were -seized and brought into the barracks at Castlebar,—where -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> remained,—sending -detachments to Ballinrobe and Sligo.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1782<br />1783</div> - -<p>Soon after the termination of the American -war, in 1782, the regiment underwent a change -of clothing and equipment, and was constituted a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span> -corps of <span class="smcap">Light Cavalry</span>. The cocked-hats -were replaced by helmets, and appointments of a -lighter description than formerly worn. These -alterations were completed in 1783. In the -spring of this year the regiment was stationed -at Belturbet and Sligo; and, in consequence of -the barracks at the former place falling down in -the winter, a detachment was sent to Cavan.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1784</div> - -<p>In 1784 the colour of the clothing was -changed from scarlet to <em>blue</em>, and the facings to -light buff.</p> - -<p>In May the regiment—then designated the -"<span class="smcap">Thirteenth Light Dragoons</span>" in the Annual -Army List—again assembled at Belturbet, and, -after the usual inspection, marched into quarters -at Athlone, Roscommon, and Cloghan, when the -horses were turned out to grass for the first time -since the commencement of the American war. -After the peace the establishment had been -reduced to one hundred and forty-four men, and -one hundred and thirty-eight horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1785</div> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were reviewed at Athlone, -in June, 1785, and marched into quarters at Kilkenny, -Ballyragget, and Carrick-on-Suir.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1786</div> - -<p>In June, 1786, the regiment assembled for -inspection at Kilkenny, and marched to Mallow, -Bandon, and Tallow.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span></p> - -<p>During the winter of this year the troops -were moved from Mallow to Cork, in consequence -of disturbances; and they, as well as -those at Bandon and Tallow, were constantly on -duty, and greatly harassed; the gaols were filled -with their prisoners of "White Boys," "Peep-o'day-Boys," -&c., as the different bands of these -misguided men called themselves.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1787</div> - -<p>In May, 1787, the regiment marched to -Cashel, where it was inspected, and in June it -was quartered in Maryborough, Mountmelick, -and Thurles.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1788<br />1789</div> - -<p>The regiment proceeded to Dublin in June, -1788, and subsequently moved into the Phœnix -Park barrack, Navan and Man of War.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1790</div> - -<p>In June, 1790, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were stationed -at Clonmel, Clogheen, Mallow, and -Charleville, and at the end of this year a -draught of men was sent to the Twentieth Dragoons -at Jamaica.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1791</div> - -<p>The regiment was inspected in June, 1791, -and the detachment at Mallow was withdrawn to -Clonmel.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1792</div> - -<p>After the inspection in May, 1792, the regiment -marched to Athlone, Roscommon, and -Portumna.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span></p> - -<p>In the mean time a revolution had taken -place in France, where the destructive principles -of democracy had overthrown all legitimate -authority, divested the sovereign of regal power, -and threatened to involve Europe in war. -Under these circumstances the British army -was augmented, and five men and horses were -added to each troop of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light -Dragoons.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1793</div> - -<p>The French republicans having added to their -numerous atrocities the decapitation of their -sovereign, war commenced in 1793, and the -establishment of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons -was further augmented.</p> - -<p>After the inspection in October, the regiment -changed its quarters to Belturbet and Sligo. It -was called upon to furnish thirty-six mounted -men to complete the cavalry regiments augmenting -for foreign service.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1794</div> - -<p>In the beginning of 1794 the regiment -marched to Ballinrobe and Castlebar, part of it -remaining stationed in Sligo.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1795</div> - -<p>The violence of party in France soon kindled -a corresponding sensation in the colonies of that -country in the West Indies, where the whites, -mulattoes, and blacks, became inflamed against<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span> -each other, and when the decree of "<em>Equality</em>" -passed, an open rupture followed. The blacks -revolted, particularly in the island of St. Domingo. -Anarchy, massacre, and devastation -followed, and several planters obtained aid from -the English, and transferred their allegiance from -France to the British crown. Additional forces -were ordered to the West Indies. Two troops -of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons were withdrawn -from Ireland in June, 1795; they remained -a few weeks in England, and embarked, in September, -for Jamaica.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1796</div> - -<p>The regiment, having received orders to prepare -for service in the West Indies, assembled at -Mallow, and there delivered over its horses for -the use of other corps; it afterwards embarked -at Cork and sailed to Bristol, where it met the -Fourteenth Dragoons, destined for the same -service. It subsequently proceeded into quarters -at Warminster and Frome, thence to Salisbury, -Winchester, and Southampton, where it embarked -in transports; and joining other vessels -containing troops belonging to the expedition, -the whole proceeded to Cove Harbour, and in -February, 1796, seven troops of the regiment -sailed for Barbadoes, where they arrived in the -beginning of April.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span></p> - -<p>Captain Bolton of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> was sent -to purchase horses in America.</p> - -<p>From Barbadoes the regiment sailed to St. -Domingo; but the reduction of that island was -found to be impracticable, as the health of -European troops could not be preserved long -enough to reduce the blacks and French revolutionists -to obedience. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light -Dragoons, partly mounted on horses sent from -America, had a few skirmishes with the armed -bands which possessed the country, and a party -of the regiment which accompanied the expedition -against the town of Bombarde, had an -opportunity of charging the enemy with great -effect; but the climate soon reduced the regiment -to a skeleton: it lost twenty officers, seven -troop quarter-masters, and two hundred and -thirty-three soldiers in six months, and the few -remaining officers and soldiers were removed to -Jamaica in December.</p> - -<p>A part of the regiment, under the command -of the Honorable Colonel Walpole of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Light Dragoons, who was promoted to the -local rank of major-general, shared in the dangers -and fatigues of the harassing warfare against -the Maroons in Jamaica, until its successful<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span> -termination, which, with the consequent safety -of the island, was attributed to the talent, energy, -and courage displayed by the major-general; -and a sword of the value of five hundred -guineas was voted to him by the house of -assembly.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1798</div> - -<p>The regiment remained at Jamaica until July, -1798, when it transferred a few of the surviving -men to the Twentieth Light Dragoons, and the -remainder, amounting only to fifty-two individuals, -embarked for England, where they -arrived in October, and landed at Gravesend.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1799</div> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were stationed at Trowbridge, -and subsequently at York. Every exertion -was made under the active superintendence -of Lieut.-Colonel Bolton, to complete the establishment, -which was soon effected; and in -August, 1799, the regiment marched to Birmingham. -It was shortly afterwards stationed -at Coventry, Warwick, and Stratford-on-Avon. -About this period the strength of the regiment -was increased to nine troops, amounting to eight -hundred and two men, and the same number of -horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1800</div> - -<p>In 1800 part of the regiment occupied Leicester -and Nuneaton, and the establishment was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span> -increased to ten troops. In the autumn of this -year, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were quartered at Norwich, -Aylsham, Walsham, Beccles, Bungay, and -Wymondham.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1801<br />1802</div> - -<p>In the beginning of 1801 the establishment -was increased to nine hundred and two men and -the same number of horses; the regiment was distributed, -at different periods during this and the -following year, in quarters at Atleborough, Dedham, -Maningtree, Norwich, Colchester, Ipswich, -Sudbury, Stowmarket, Needhammarket, Hadleigh, -Woodbridge, and Boston.</p> - -<p>Hostilities with France having been terminated -by the treaty of Amiens, in the summer -of 1802 the establishment was reduced to eight -troops, amounting to five hundred and sixteen -men, and four hundred and thirty-six horses. -The quarters were changed to Romford and -Hornchurch.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1803</div> - -<p>The conduct of General Bonaparte, then -first consul of France, soon produced another -war, which commenced in 1803, when the -regiment was augmented to six hundred and -four men and the same number of horses; it -was quartered at Hounslow, Windsor, and Hampton -Court, and held in readiness to assist in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> -repelling the threatened French invasion by an -army assembled at Boulogne.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1804</div> - -<p>The French armament continuing at Boulogne, -and the preparations for invading England being -augmented, in 1804, the regiment occupied Sandwich, -Stonar, and Ramsgate, with an establishment -increased to eight hundred and fifty-four -men, and seven hundred and fifty-four horses, -which was subsequently augmented to one thousand -and sixty-four men, and the same number -of horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1805<br />1806</div> - -<p>In the autumn of 1805, the French army -marched for Germany, and the project of invading -England was laid aside. Towards the end of -the year, the regiment was quartered at Canterbury; -and in September, 1806, it occupied Deal, -Sandwich, and Ramsgate, its strength being -reduced to eight hundred and fifty-four men and -horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1807<br />1808</div> - -<p>In the summer of 1807, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -were distributed in quarters at Kingston, Richmond, -and Twickenham. The regiment was -reviewed by the Prince of Wales and the Duke -of York, and, in consequence of the high opinion -formed of it by their royal highnesses, the order -for its march to Dorchester was countermanded,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span> -and it was detained to form, with the Twelfth -Light Dragoons, a brigade, under the command -of Colonel Bolton of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, which -brigade was reviewed by His Royal Highness the -Duke of York. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> afterwards -proceeded to Dorchester and Weymouth, from -whence detachments were sent to Radipole, -Wareham, Bridport, and, in the beginning of -1808, to Blandford, Trowbridge, and Gosport.</p> - -<p>The regiment was reviewed by His Royal -Highness the Duke of Cumberland at Dorchester. -Its establishment of horses was reduced -to seven hundred and fifty-four: it assembled at -Exeter for review, and was distributed in quarters -at Totness, Modbury, Truro, Taunton, Honiton, -Tiverton, and Exeter.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1809</div> - -<p>In the summer of 1809, the regiment was -quartered at Hounslow, Hampton Court, Richmond, -Twickenham, Chertsey, Staines, and -Egham, and was reviewed by His Royal Highness -the Duke of Cambridge, and subsequently -by His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, -attended by their Royal Highnesses the Dukes -of York, Clarence, Cumberland, and Cambridge, -the Duke of Brunswick Oels, &c.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1810</div> - -<p>Portugal and Spain had, in the mean time,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span> -become the theatre of war; the French emperor -had overrun those countries with troops, and -had placed his brother Joseph on the throne of -Spain; and a British army, commanded by Lord -Wellington, was aiding the inhabitants of the -Peninsula in their resistance to the gigantic -power of Napoleon. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light -Dragoons were selected to join the Peninsular -army. Eight troops, mustering about nine hundred -officers and soldiers, embarked at Portsmouth -in February, 1810, under the command -of Lieut.-Colonel Michael Head; they sailed -to Lisbon, from whence one squadron was -detached to Cadiz, which fortress was invested -on the land side by the French, and the Spanish -regency had solicited the aid of British troops. -The other six troops landed at Lisbon,—Portugal -having been delivered, by British skill and valour, -from the power of the enemy.</p> - -<p>After a short halt at Belem to refresh the -men and horses after the voyage, the regiment -marched to the Alemtejo, and was attached to -the division commanded by Lieut.-General Sir -Rowland Hill, which it joined in May, in the -neighbourhood of Portalegre. At this period a -powerful French army was about to invade Portugal<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span> -under Marshal Massena, Prince of Esling, -who boasted he would drive the English into the -sea, and plant the eagles of France on the walls -of Lisbon; but he was ignorant of the qualities -of British soldiers, and of the abilities of their -commander. The allied army withdrew, before -the very superior numbers of the enemy, towards -Lisbon, in front of which city the celebrated -lines of Torres Vedras were forming to arrest -the torrent of invasion. The movements of the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons were connected -with those of the division under Sir Rowland -Hill, and eventually with the Portuguese cavalry -under Brigadier-General Henry Fane.</p> - -<p>After withdrawing from the frontiers of Portugal, -the head-quarters were established at -Escalhos de Cima, and a troop of the regiment, -commanded by Captain William White, with a -troop of the Fourth (Portuguese) Dragoons, were -stationed at <em>Ladoera</em>, to watch the movements of -General Reynier's corps.</p> - -<p>On the morning of the 22nd of August, Captain -White, when foraging with about fifty of his -troop, received information of the approach of a -reconnoitring party of about sixty French dragoons, -whom he pursued, and attacking them<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span> -with the most distinguished bravery, wounded -several, and captured two officers, the whole of -the men, and fifty-eight horses, without sustaining -any loss.</p> - -<p>Captain White, on perceiving the enemy, -sent for the troop of Portuguese cavalry, who -promptly advanced to his support, but they -could not arrive in time to take an active share -in either the conflict or capture.</p> - -<p>The following report of this occurrence was -forwarded to head-quarters.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right">"<em>Escalhos de Cima, 22nd August, 1810.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent smcap">"Sir,</p> - -<p>"I have the honour to report to you that -the troop of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons, -and one of the fourth Portuguese dragoons, -under the command of Captain White of -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, at Ladoera, this morning, -fell in with a patrole of the enemy's dragoons, -consisting of one captain, two subalterns, and -about sixty men. Captain White fortunately -succeeded in coming up with them, when he -immediately charged and overturned them; and -the result has been the capture of two lieutenants, -three serjeants, six corporals, one<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span> -trumpeter, and fifty privates, and about sixty -horses: the captain was also a prisoner, but -escaped, during the bustle, on foot.</p> - -<p>"I am happy to say, this has been performed -without the loss of a man on our side: six of -the enemy are wounded.</p> - -<p>"Captain White expresses his obligations to -Major Charles A. Vigoureux<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> of the thirty-eighth -regiment, who was a volunteer with him; and -to the Alferes Pedro Raymando di Oliviera, -commanding the Portuguese troop (which he -states to have done its duty extremely well, -and to have shown much gallantry), and also -to Lieutenant Samuel Charles Turner, of the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons, to whose activity -and courage he reports himself to be indebted -for several of his prisoners. I trust the whole<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span> -will be considered to have merited the approbation -of the commander-in-chief.</p> - -<p class="right"> -<span class="padr6">"I am, &c.,</span><br /> -"<span class="smcap">H. Fane</span>, Brigadier-General.</p> - -<p class="noindent">"<em>To Lieut.-General Hill, &c. &c.</em>"</p> -</div> - -<p class="p1" /> -<p>And the following orders were subsequently -published:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right">"<em>Lazados, 23rd August, 1810.</em></p> - -<p>"Lieut.-General Hill has received, with much -satisfaction, from Brigadier-General Fane, the -report of an attack made yesterday morning by -a squadron consisting of one troop of the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> British Light Dragoons and one -troop of the Fourth Portuguese Dragoons, -under the command of Captain White of the -former, on a body of the enemy's cavalry at -Ladoera, the result of which was the capture of -two lieutenants, three serjeants, six corporals, -one trumpeter, and fifty dragoons, and about -fifty-eight horses. The conduct of Captain -White and the officers, non-commissioned officers, -and men of the two services engaged in -this affair, merits the lieut.-general's best thanks, -and he will not fail to lay the particulars before -the commander of the forces.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p> - -<p>"The brigadier-general has much pleasure in -communicating the preceding order, and he -congratulates the officers and soldiers concerned -on having merited the approbation of -the lieut.-general commanding the division."</p></div> - - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right">"<em>Escalhos-de-Cima, 28th August, 1810.</em></p> - -<p>"Major-General Fane has received the orders -of His Excellency Lord Wellington, Commander-in-Chief, -&c. to convey to Captain -White<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> and Lieutenant Turner of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Light Dragoons, and to the Alferes -Pedro Raymando di Oliviera, of the Fourth -regiment of Portuguese Dragoons, and to the -non-commissioned officers and soldiers engaged -in the affair of the 22nd instant, near Ladoera, -His Excellency's approbation of their conduct, -and to inform them, that His Excellency will -not fail to report his sense of their behaviour -in the most favourable terms to His Majesty -and to His Royal Highness the Prince Regent."</p></div> - -<p>The captured horses were sold by auction, -and the proceeds of the sale divided among the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1811</div> - -<p>After some further retrograde movements, -Lord Wellington resolved to oppose the enemy's -forces on the rocks of <em>Busaco</em>, and during the -hard-fought battle on the 27th of September, the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were posted in front of -Alva to observe and check the movements of the -French cavalry on the Mondego. The squadron -detached to Cadiz had, in the mean time, -returned to Portugal, and it joined the regiment -about this period.</p> - -<p>After sustaining a severe repulse at Busaco, -the enemy turned the position by a flank movement, -and the allied army withdrew to the lines -of <em>Torres Vedras</em>. During the skilful performance -of these difficult operations, the numerous -cavalry of the enemy were effectually kept in -check by the British squadrons, who, by their -bold front and noble daring, whenever an opportunity -occurred, succeeded in instilling into their -adversaries a dread of their superior prowess. -The French marshal viewed the stupendous -works of Torres Vedras with astonishment and -dismay, and finding it impossible to accomplish -his threat of driving the English into the sea, he -withdrew to Santarem, when the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Light Dragoons advanced, and having crossed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span> -the Tagus in boats at Valada, they proceeded -to Chamusca, a village, situated on the left bank -of the river.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were stationed -some months at Chamusca and its neighbourhood, -where Marshal Sir William Carr Beresford -fixed his head-quarters, having under him a -strong body of troops to prevent the passage of -the Tagus, and to intercept all communications -between Marshal Massena and Marshal Soult. -In this service the regiment was employed until -the 6th of March, 1811, when the French army -having retired from Santarem, it moved forward -in pursuit, and the scenes of devastation, -slaughter, and confusion it witnessed on the -line of the enemy's disastrous retreat, exceed -description. After following the French a considerable -distance, the regiment was detached, -with other forces under Marshal Beresford, to -the relief of <em>Campo Mayor</em>, which fortress was -besieged by a detachment from Marshal Soult's -army.</p> - -<p>Campo Mayor surrendered before the arrival -of the troops sent to its relief, and the French, -having dismantled the works, were marching out -of the town as the British approached it on the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span> -morning of the 25th of March,—they consisted -of nearly nine hundred cavalry, three battalions -of infantry, some horse artillery, and a battering -train of sixteen guns, under the command of -their celebrated general, Latour Maubourg. -One squadron of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons was -attached to the light division on this occasion; a -troop was with a brigade of Portuguese infantry, -and five troops were at the head of the column. -Having turned the town by the left, the regiment -sent forward one troop to skirmish with the -enemy, who retreated by the Badajoz road. -The British pressed forward in a semi-circular -form, to enclose the French, who halted with their -infantry in square, and their cavalry formed in -their front and rear. Colonel <span class="smcap">Michael Head</span> -was directed to attack with the two squadrons of -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, amounting to two hundred and -three officers and soldiers, and he led them forward -with the most distinguished gallantry<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a>; a regiment<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span> -of French hussars advanced to meet the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, and the opposing horsemen raised -a loud shout and rushed upon each other. Several -men were overthrown by the shock; the combatants -pierced through on both sides, and facing -about, charged each other again with the most -heroic bravery. A sharp sword conflict ensued, -in which the valour of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> proved -victorious, and many of the hussars having been -cut down, the remainder fled. In the mean time, -a French squadron formed on the enemy's right, -wheeled inwards, and, attacking the British left, -did some mischief; but the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> promptly -opposed, and overthrew them after a short contest. -The French continued their flight, the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> followed, and such was the ardour -of these brave swordsmen, that the fire of the -French infantry could not stop them; they galloped -forward, cut down the French gunners, and, -believing the other brigades would easily dispose -of the French troops thus passed, they continued -the pursuit. For some time the French dragoons -resisted, but their formation soon became -so completely broken, that they surrendered -as soon as they were overtaken. The pursuit -was continued at a rapid rate, the object being<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span> -to gain the front, and capture the whole, as well -as the enormous quantity of baggage on the road; -but the dragoons were not aware of what was -taking place in the rear. Marshal Beresford was -informed that the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were -cut off; the loss of one regiment appeared to be -a serious disaster, and he did not permit the -heavy cavalry to charge. The French infantry -retiring steadily, recovered their artillery, and -effected their retreat. Meanwhile the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -and some Portuguese squadrons, commanded -by Colonel Otway, who formed as a -support during the attack, were pursuing the -French troopers at a rapid pace; on arriving -at the bridge of Badajoz, they were fired upon -by the guns of that fortress. The regiment -then halted and retired to secure the prisoners, -and captured artillery and baggage. Some of -the French drivers, refusing to surrender, -were sabred, and the mules were mounted by -men of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>. The retreat was continued -several miles, the men in high spirits -at their wonderful success; at length they were -met by the retiring French infantry, and by all the -beaten cavalry which could find refuge with it. -For a few exhausted dragoons to have engaged<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span> -that body of troops would have been madness, -and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were forced to abandon -their captures and make a detour to the right to -join the army, which they effected, and went into -bivouac in the neighbourhood of Campo Mayor. -The loss of the regiment was twelve men and -seven horses killed; Lieutenants William Slater -Smith and Frederick Geale, Adjutant Holmes, -Quarter-master Greenham, one serjeant, twenty-eight -rank and file, wounded; one serjeant, -nineteen rank and file, and forty-four horses -missing. Three hundred French were killed, -wounded, and taken prisoners; the French -colonel, Chamarin, of the Twenty-sixth Dragoons, -was killed in single combat by <em>Corporal -Logan</em>, of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons, -which, with many other instances of individual -bravery in this sharply contested affair, is recorded -in the books of the regiment<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a>.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, on this occasion, evinced -the superiority of their discipline over their -equally brave and numerically superior adversaries, -by their greater quickness in rallying<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span> -after the different attacks,—and this circumstance, -with the skilful and determined use of -their weapons, greatly tended to their brilliant -success in this well-fought field.</p> - -<p>An officer, who made his escape from Badajoz -a few days after this affair, reported that the -French infantry had brought in a great number -of severely wounded cavalry soldiers—chiefly -sabre wounds<a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a>.</p> - -<p>Preparations were subsequently made for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span> -besieging Badajoz, and the Guadiana was passed -in boats in the early part of April; on the night -of the 16th of April an outpost of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons, which had been relieved by a -squadron of Portuguese cavalry, was surprised -by a body of French troops from <em>Olivenza</em>, and -only twenty men escaped. The loss was three -men wounded, Captain Morris, Lieutenant Moss, -fifty soldiers, and sixty-five horses taken prisoners. -The imagined security of their position, -induced by the Portuguese squadron being in -their front, and their consequent neglect of due -precautions, led to the surprise of this party, by -an overwhelming force of the enemy, when totally -unprepared for resistance. This was not forgotten,—and -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> never gave occasion -for the repetition of a similar severe but -wholesome lesson during the remainder of the -war.</p> - -<p>The siege of <em>Olivenza</em> was undertaken by the -fourth division, and the army advanced to drive -the French detachments from the province of -Estremadura. The British and Portuguese cavalry -arrived at <em>Los Santos</em> on the 16th of April, -and fell in with a body of French heavy cavalry, -when the leading troops of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span> -under Captains Boyse and Macalister, promptly -formed and checked the advance of the enemy. -The remainder of the regiment, commanded by -Colonel Head, quickly formed line,—charged,—cut -down many of the enemy,—took two officers -and a number of men and horses,—and -continued in close and rapid pursuit for several -miles, successfully frustrating every attempt of -the French to rally, and driving them from the -field in utter confusion. The enemy suffered -a very severe loss in killed and wounded. -The left squadron of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, partly -formed of the men who had escaped on the 6th -instant, had the satisfaction of recapturing some -of their horses and accoutrements, and severely -revenging their own and their comrades' mischance -on some of the very authors of it, -who were among their opponents on this occasion. -It was observed that these men displayed -the most determined gallantry: nothing daunted -by the superior numbers of the enemy immediately -opposed to them, they rushed fearlessly -into their ranks, and committed terrible havoc -with their sabres. Captain Doherty had a horse -shot under him in this affair. The French -commander, whose gallant bearing in leading his<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span> -men to the attack was long a theme of admiration -among the officers who witnessed it, was -killed by private <em>James Beard</em> of the regiment, -much to the regret of those who had observed -his gallantry.</p> - -<p>On the 19th of April eighteen men, who had -escaped from the enemy, rejoined the regiment.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Regiment of Light Dragoons -remained in advance when the siege of <em>Badajoz</em> -was undertaken; but withdrew, with the other -cavalry, on the advance of Marshal Soult, (who -had collected an army to succour that fortress,) -and joined the forces under Marshal Beresford at -<em>Albuhera</em>, at which place a general engagement -was fought on the 16th of May. Two squadrons -of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were posted near the river -above the bridge, with orders to defend it, and -had opportunities of making some successful -charges against the enemy's cavalry, who attempted -to cross the stream. The other two -squadrons were posted to keep in check a considerable -body of the enemy's cavalry, but they -were not seriously engaged, and their loss was -limited to one horse killed, and one man -wounded.</p> - -<p>Marshal Soult, having been repulsed, retired,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span> -and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were sent in pursuit -of the enemy. The French rear-guard -having been driven from <em>Usagre</em>, that post was -occupied, on the night of the 24th of May, by a -portion of the troops under Major-General Lumley; -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> being in bivouac near the -town. The French advanced on the following -day, when some sharp fighting occurred, in -which the third dragoon guards and fourth -dragoons distinguished themselves. The conduct -of Colonel Head, of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons, -as well as of every officer and soldier -present, was commended in Major-General Lumley's -despatch.</p> - -<p>The siege of <em>Badajoz</em> having been resumed, -Marshal Soult's army, strongly reinforced, again -advanced; Marshal Massena's army also marched -into Estremadura, and the allies again raised the -siege of Badajoz, and took up a position behind -the Caya, where the enemy did not venture to -attack them. When the French armies retired, -the Marquis of Wellington proceeded towards -the Agueda, leaving the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons -in the Alemtejo, under Lieut.-General Hill; they -were formed in brigade with the ninth dragoons -and second hussars, of the King's German<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> -Legion, under Major-General Long, and were -stationed at Villa Viciosa, and afterwards at -Monforte, a small town nineteen miles from -Portalegre.</p> - -<p>From Monforte, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons -marched, towards the end of October, to the -Spanish frontiers, and with other troops under -Lieut.-General Hill, were engaged in the surprise -of a French force under General Girard at <em>Arroyo -de Molinos</em>. By forced marches, performed in -stormy weather, the British arrived in the -vicinity of the village at day-break on the -morning of the 28th of October; a storm of rain -with a thick mist concealed the advance, and the -French were surprised in the act of assembling -to commence their march. The cavalry marched -with every precaution to avoid giving the alarm. -The enemy's troops were soon broken; their -artillery was captured by a squadron of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, -commanded by Captain Mansell Bowers, -and their infantry, attempting to escape by climbing -steep mountains, were intercepted, and the -greatest part made prisoners. Captain Bowers, -with his troop of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, pursued a -body of French cavalry, and captured a number -of men and horses. The conduct of Lieutenant-Colonel<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span> -Joseph Muter, who commanded the -regiment on this occasion, was commended in -Lieutenant-General Hill's public despatch.</p> - -<p>Towards the end of December Lieut.-General -Hill again advanced, and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light -Dragoons were employed in an attempt to surprise -a body of French troops under General -Dombrouski at Merida. On arriving at <em>La -Nava</em>, three hundred French infantry and a party -of hussars were found in the town; they immediately -retired,—the infantry in square; and the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> and second hussars of the King's -German Legion pursued. Some sharp skirmishing -occurred, but the ground favouring the -French, they made good their retreat to Merida, -and informing General Dombrouski of the approach -of British troops, he retreated during the -night. The regiment afterwards returned to -Monforte; its loss, in the skirmish between La -Nava and Merida, was three horses killed; eleven -men, five officers' horses and fifteen troop horses -wounded; one man missing.</p> - -<p>On the decease of Lieut.-General Francis -Craig, the colonelcy was conferred on Lieut.-General -the Honorable Henry George Grey, from -lieut.-colonel of the Seventh Light Dragoons,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span> -by commission dated the 30th of December, -1811.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1812</div> - -<p>While the regiment was occupying quarters -at Monforte, Ciudad Rodrigo was besieged and -captured by storm in January, 1812. When -<em>Badajoz</em> was besieged, the regiment advanced -and formed part of the covering army. During -the advance and the subsequent operations, the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were employed in the arduous outpost -duties of the army, and engaged in affairs -and skirmishes, which were of frequent occurrence, -owing to the constant alerts occasioned by -the enemy's cavalry in their front, who took -every opportunity of endeavouring to cut off the -foraging parties, patroles, &c.</p> - -<p>In the advance to Merida, in March, the -German hussars, having fallen in with the French -cavalry, commenced skirmishing, and pushed -them through the town and across the bridge. -Major-General Long ordered the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> to -gain the front at a gallop, which they did, and, -crossing the Guadiana at a deep ford, formed -and charged the enemy, who broke and fled, the -regiment following, and constantly skirmishing -with them till near dark, when it was ordered to -discontinue the pursuit.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span></p> - -<p>In April the fortress of Badajoz was taken -by storm, and the army afterwards quitted Estremadura, -when the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were -again left with Lieut.-General Hill.</p> - -<p>The regiment was employed in the enterprise -against the enemy's works, which protected the -bridge across the Tagus at <em>Almaraz</em>. These were -destroyed on the 19th of May, to render the -communications between the French armies more -difficult. On this occasion the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -advanced to the high road by the pass of Mirabete, -and were in reserve while the forts were -stormed.</p> - -<p>During the summer and autumn of this year, -the services of the regiment were connected with -the movements of the troops under Lieut.-General -Sir Rowland Hill; it performed many -long marches, took part in a few skirmishes, and -penetrated into the interior of Spain.</p> - -<p>In July the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, in brigade with -the ninth dragoons and second German hussars, -were engaged in a second successful affair with -the enemy at <em>Usagre</em>; and in one of the several -skirmishes, <em>Serjeant Shaw</em> of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -distinguished himself by his gallantry. Honourable -mention is also made of the firm and orderly<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span> -retreat of a squadron of the regiment, commanded -by Captain <span class="smcap">Shapland Boyse</span>, before a -vastly superior body of the enemy's cavalry, by -whom they were hard pressed for a considerable -distance in the neighbourhood of Ocana.</p> - -<p>A singular circumstance occurred when the -regiment was bivouacked in the neighbourhood of -Aranjuez: the horses, being unbridled for the -convenience of feeding, were linked, and the -officers and men were reposing from their -fatigues, when the Second German Hussars, who -had been ordered to join Lord Wellington's -army, filed past; the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> immediately -sprung up, and actuated by the impulse of the -moment, greeted their old comrades with a -hearty parting cheer, which so alarmed the -horses that four troops broke loose, notwithstanding -every exertion made to detain them, -and dispersed over the open country, galloping -about in squads, and scattering bridles, pistols, -carbines, &c., in every direction. The scene was -truly ludicrous; but this inconsiderate act might -have been attended with serious consequences, -as the enemy was in force, particularly in cavalry, -in Aranjuez. The horses, some of which had -strayed to a distance of four or five leagues, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span> -had been secreted by the Spaniards, were all -brought back in the course of the day, and -scarcely an article of equipment was lost. The -exertions of Adjutant Holmes on this occasion -are particularly mentioned.</p> - -<p>At the close of the campaign, when the main -army withdrew from Burgos, the troops under -Lieut.-General Hill also fell back, and the whole -were united at Salamanca.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were in reserve in the affair -at Alba de Tormes, and were engaged, with the -rear guard, in skirmishing with the enemy during -the retrograde movement of the army to the -Agueda. The horses suffered severely from want -of forage. After retiring beyond the confines of -Spain, the regiment marched to the Alemtejo, -and was quartered at Crato, where it received a -reinforcement of officers, men, and horses, from -England in December.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1813</div> - -<p>In February, 1813, the regiment was removed -from Crato to Monforte, where it received a -draught of one hundred and thirty-six horses -from the Ninth Dragoons, who were ordered to -return to England; at the same time a serjeant -and ten men were attached to the staff corps of -cavalry.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span></p> - -<p>At the opening of the brilliant campaign of -this year, the regiment marched towards <em>Salamanca</em>, -and was employed in the operations by -which the French troops were driven from that -city on the 26th of May. The numbers and improved -organization of the allied army enabled -the British commander to drive the enemy before -him with a strength and violence which the -French could not withstand. Rivers were -crossed, rocks and mountains were climbed, and -barren tracts traversed, with so little opposition, -that the power of the enemy appeared to be -paralyzed; but in the plains of <em>Vittoria</em> Joseph -Bonaparte made a stand, and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons took part in the engagement on the -21st of June, when the French army sustained a -decisive overthrow. The regiment supported -the attacks of the infantry on this occasion, and -subsequently received orders to advance and act -as opportunities might occur. After clearing -various obstacles in their front, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -approached Vittoria, when the royal carriages -were perceived, and Major-General Long instantly -ordered a squadron, commanded by Captain -Doherty, to pursue them; this was promptly -executed, and the whole were captured after a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span> -sharp skirmish, in which private <em>Michael Sullivan</em> -distinguished himself, cutting down a French -officer and capturing his horses. In the mean -time, the remainder of the regiment had formed -in front of a compact body of the enemy, whom -they vigorously charged and routed. Captain -Doherty, observing this movement, left the royal -carriages in charge of serjeant Scriven and twelve -men, and joined the regiment, with which he -continued in close pursuit of the enemy during -the remainder of the day. Serjeant Scriven -reported his having given up the royal carriages -to an officer, with a party of infantry, who said -he had orders to take charge of them, but he -omitted taking a receipt or demanding the -officer's name. The commanding officer of the -regiment, Major Patrick Doherty, received a gold -medal for this battle.</p> - -<p>Following the rear of the French army, the -regiment arrived at the foot of the Pyrenees, and -entering the pass through these celebrated mountains, -near Pampeluna, to furnish posts of correspondence -between the different divisions, it -proceeded to the valley of Roncesvalles,—a -place celebrated for the defeat of Charlemagne -by the Duke of Gascony, assisted by the Saracens; -a pillar erected on the spot, to commemorate<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span> -the victory, was destroyed by the French in -1794. Up this valley the French army, commanded -by Marshal Soult, advanced on the 25th -of July, and some sharp fighting occurred, which -ended in the retreat of the British to a position -in the mountains in front of Pampeluna. -The regiment, excepting one troop detached to -assist in the blockade of Pampeluna, was formed -in support of the sixth division during the severe -contest in the <em>Pyrenees</em>, and when the French -were repulsed they were pursued to the confines -of their own country.</p> - -<p>The passage of the Bidassoa was effected in -the early part of October; the French were -driven from their position on the Nivelle in -November; and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, with the -Fourteenth Dragoons, were engaged in the -operations by which the passage of the <em>Nive</em> -was effected on the 9th of December. On the -following day the regiment was at <em>Hasparen</em>, -observing the movements of the French troops -under General Paris. Some fighting took place -on the three subsequent days, and the posts at -Hasparen were attacked on the 13th of December. -The gallant conduct of private <em>James Armstrong</em> -of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, on this occasion, obtained<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span> -for him the distinguished honour of Sir Rowland -Hill's particular notice, and he was immediately -promoted. Being one of a small party posted to -keep up the communication, he dashed forward -and rallied some British skirmishers, who had -been forced back, placed himself at their head, -and attacked and repulsed the enemy, cutting -down some, and taking others prisoners.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1814</div> - -<p>The severity of the season detained the allies -in their cantonments for a short time, during -which period the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were employed in -the outpost duties, and Lieutenant Phillips is -mentioned in the books of the regiment, as -having shown great prudence and judgment in -bringing off his piquet, when attacked and hard -pressed by the enemy's cavalry. In consequence -of the want of forage, pounded furze was given -as food to the horses.</p> - -<p>In February, the army again commenced -operations, and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons were -employed in the movements connected with the -forcing of the line of the Bidouze and the Gave -de Mauleon; and in a sharp affair with the -enemy's rear-guard, private Shreenan of the -regiment distinguished himself by his great gallantry. -The regiment was engaged, on the 17th -of February, at <em>Sauveterre</em>, where Lieutenant<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span> -Geale and several men and horses were killed; -serjeant-major Thomas Rosser<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> particularly distinguished -himself on this occasion. Being -detached with twelve men, he fell in with a party -of the enemy of more than double his numbers, -whom he charged three times, cutting down -three himself, and capturing some men and -horses. The same morning, previous to this -affair, the mare on which serjeant-major Rosser -was mounted was killed by a shell striking her -in her side, and he escaped without injury.</p> - -<p>After several other movements, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Light Dragoons were engaged in forcing -the French position at <em>Orthes</em>, on the 27th of -February, 1814. The right and centre of the -army assembled opposite the village of Orthes, -and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons, forming part of -the body of troops destined to turn and attack -the enemy's right, assembled near the junction -of the Gave de Pau with the Gave d'Oleron. -The village of St. Boës was carried; but the -nature of the ground required a change to be -made in the plan of the action. The narrow<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span> -passage behind the village was opened, a body -of troops, including the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, pushed -through, and spread a front beyond, and the -French army was forced back with loss. Lieutenant -Robert Nesbit was severely wounded; -two men and two horses were killed, and six -horses wounded, on this occasion. In a charge -of the enemy's cavalry, which was gallantly met -and repulsed by the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, a personal -<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">rencontre</span> took place between Lieutenant Doherty -and the French officer who led it; the latter was -cut down, and surrendered. Many of the enemy -were sabred, and captured by the regiment. The -commanding-officer of the regiment, Lieutenant-Colonel -Patrick Doherty, received a gold clasp, -inscribed with the word "<em>Orthes</em>," to be attached -to the riband to which his Vittoria medal was -suspended.</p> - -<p>On the following day the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons -pursued the enemy in the direction of -Mont de Marsan; and on the 2nd of March, -they were engaged in a slight affair at <em>Ayre</em>.</p> - -<p>The British divisions continued to move forward, -and the French were everywhere driven -before the allied army.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> shared with their old comrades<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span> -of the "ragged brigade<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a>," the gallant -Fourteenth, in the advance-duties of the army, -which brought them repeatedly into collision -with the enemy.</p> - -<p>On the 22nd of March, as three troops of the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons, commanded by -Lieut.-Colonel Patrick Doherty, with Major -Boyse, Captain Macalister, Lieutenants Doherty, -Drought, and Lawrence, and Brigade-Major -Dunbar, approached <em>St. Gaudens</em>, four squadrons -of French cavalry were discovered drawn up in -front of the town. Undismayed by the superior -numbers of the enemy, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -advanced to the charge, and such was the ardour -and determined bravery with which they rushed -upon their numerous opponents, that the French -horsemen were overthrown at the first shock, and -they galloped in disorder through the streets; -but they rallied at the other side of the town, -and prepared to resist the few British troopers -whose audacity they were desirous to punish. -The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> being supported by the Third -Dragoon Guards, dashed through the town, -and rushing sword in hand upon the French<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span> -squadrons, broke them in an instant, and pursued -them for two miles, cutting many down, and -taking above a hundred prisoners, and sixty -horses. The ground was covered with cavalry -equipments, arms, and dead and wounded men -and horses. The conduct of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -was highly commended in Major-General Fane's -report of this action; the officers and soldiers -were also thanked in orders by Lieut.-General -Sir Rowland Hill, and the signal gallantry evinced -by Captain James Macalister, who commanded -the advance on this occasion, was rewarded with -the rank of major in the army. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -nobly upheld, on this occasion, their well-earned -fame as bold horsemen and dexterous swordsmen; -and, by their promptitude in rushing to the -attack, showed that they possessed the true spirit -of good cavalry, adding another to the many proofs -they had already given of the insufficiency of the -mere preponderance of superior numbers to resist -the shock of a determined charge<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a>.</p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span></p> -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons continued -to form part of the force in advance in the -immediate presence of the enemy; every encounter -gave additional proof of the ascendancy -which the British troops had acquired over their -opponents, and as the war drew towards a close, -this became more apparent.</p> - -<p>On the 10th of April the enemy's fortified -position at <em>Toulouse</em> was attacked. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -were at their post, but no opportunity to -charge the enemy occurred.</p> - -<p>When the French withdrew from Toulouse, -the regiment advanced through the town in pursuit, -and occupied a chain of posts in front of the -allied army.</p> - -<p>The war was soon afterwards terminated by -the treaty of Paris, and the Bourbon family was -restored to the throne of France.</p> - -<p>Thus the conquering arms of Britain had -rescued kingdoms from the tyrannical power of -the usurper; and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons, -who had largely shared in the attendant toils and -dangers, saw the cause in which they had been -engaged, triumphant over all opposition.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span></p> - -<p>After reposing in quarters a short time at -Grammont, the regiment sent its dismounted men -and baggage to Bourdeaux, and commenced its -march through France to Boulogne, where it -embarked for England, and landed at Ramsgate -on the 7th of July, after an absence of four years -and five months, during which period it had -marched about <em>one thousand five hundred</em> leagues -(principally Spanish); it had been engaged in -<em>thirty-two</em> affairs, many of which were sharp -and contested, besides the general actions; -it had been <em>one hundred and ninety-seven</em> nights -in bivouac, and its casualties amounted to <em>two -hundred and seventy-four men</em>, and <em>one thousand -and nine horses</em>.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons marched -from Ramsgate to Hounslow and its neighbourhood; -and having been inspected by His Royal -Highness the Commander-in-Chief, they proceeded -to Weymouth. The establishment was -reduced to eight troops.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1815</div> - -<p>The regiment embarked at Plymouth, and -arrived at Cork in November. During the end -of this year and the beginning of 1815, the -regiment was distributed in quarters at Cork, -Fermoy, Mallow, Bandon, Limerick, Clogheen, -Gort, and Tallow.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p> - -<p>On the 6th of April, 1815, the royal authority -to bear on its guidons and appointments the -word "<span class="smcap">Peninsula</span>," as a mark of the Prince -Regent's approbation of its conduct in Portugal, -Spain, and France, under Field Marshal His -Grace the Duke of Wellington, was communicated -to the regiment; and shortly afterwards -the veterans of the Peninsula were again employed -on foreign service; the return of Bonaparte -to France, his resumption of the imperial -dignity, and the flight of Louis XVIII. to -Flanders, having rekindled the flame of war on -the continent.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were augmented to ten -troops; and six troops, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel -Patrick Doherty, embarked at Cork at -the end of April and in the beginning of May; -they landed at Ostend, marched up the country, -and were formed in brigade with the Third -Hussars, King's German Legion, under Colonel -Sir Frederick Arentschildt, K.C.B.</p> - -<p>On the 29th of May the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> were -present at Grammont at the review of the British -cavalry and artillery, commanded by the Earl of -Uxbridge, by His Grace the Duke of Wellington, -accompanied by Prince Blucher.</p> - -<p>While the regiment was reposing in quarters,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span> -waiting for the army to commence operations, -Bonaparte endeavoured, by a rapid advance, to -surprise the allies and beat them in detail. The -post at Quatre Bras was attacked, and this position -being fixed upon as the point of concentration -for the army under the Duke of Wellington, -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons -marched in that direction, and joined the army -during the night of the 16th of June.</p> - -<p>The regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel -Shapland Boyse, was employed in covering the -retreat from Quatre Bras to the position in front -of the village of <em>Waterloo</em>, on the 17th of June, -which had been rendered necessary by the defeat -and retrograde movement of the Prussians.</p> - -<p>At the memorable battle of "<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>," -on the 18th of June, 1815, the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Boyse, -had the good fortune to acquire additional laurels. -Eminent, as British troops ever have been, for -those warlike qualities which lead to glory in the -hour of battle, yet the field of "<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>" elevated -their reputation above its former standard, -and the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> have the honour of being -numbered among the corps which signalized themselves -in the "shock of steel." The regiment was -posted with the Seventh and Fifteenth Hussars<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span> -in the right centre of the position in the rear of -Hugomont; it charged repeatedly during the day -with the most distinguished success, the enemy's -cavalry and infantry, having some sharp sword -conflicts with the former; it also aided in the -successful attacks upon the advancing columns, -penetrated and completely routed a square of -infantry, and thus materially contributed to the -overthrow of the French army, which was driven -from the field with the loss of its cannon, ammunition, -waggons, and all its <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">matériel</i>.</p> - -<p>The loss of the regiment was Captain James -Gubbins, Lieutenants John Geale and John -Pymm, eleven rank and file, and fifteen horses -killed; Lieut.-Colonel Shapland Boyse, Captains -Joseph Doherty and Gregorie, Lieutenants -George Doherty, Charles Robert Bowers, John -A. E. Irving, James Mill, George H. Packe, ten -serjeants, two trumpeters, fifty-seven rank and -file, and forty-six horses, wounded: eight rank -and file and fifty-two horses missing.</p> - -<p>Captain Brooks Lawrence, upon whom the -command of the regiment devolved in the course -of the day, had two horses killed and one wounded -under him.</p> - -<p>The gallant conduct of troop serjeant-major -<em>Wells</em>, who commanded Captain Gubbins' troop<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span> -after all the officers had fallen, was particularly -remarked; he was promoted into the second -West India regiment, and retired from the Fifty-fourth -regiment as a captain in 1841.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant Doherty, besides being severely -wounded in the head, was struck by a ball -which was stopped by the interposition of his -watch, which it flattened. He had taken out -his watch to remark the time, when the regiment -was ordered to advance, and not being -able to return it, he put it into the breast of -his jacket, and thus providentially his life was -saved.</p> - -<p>The regiment was subsequently rewarded -with the royal authority to bear the word "<span class="smcap">Waterloo</span>" -on its guidons and appointments; every -officer and soldier present received a silver medal, -and the privilege of reckoning two years' service -for that day was also conferred on the troops. -Colonel Patrick Doherty and Lieut.-Colonel -Shapland Boyse, of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light -Dragoons, were made Companions of the Bath.</p> - -<p>The following officers received silver medals -for the Battle of Waterloo:—</p> - - -<div class="textcol"> -<p><ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note—Original text: 'Lt.-Cl.'">Lt.-Col.</ins> Patrick Doherty, <em>Col.</em><br /> -Maj. Shapland Boyse, <em>Lt. Col.</em><br /> -Capt. Brooks Lawrence<br /> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span> -Capt. Joseph Doherty<br /> - " James Macalister<br /> - " Mansell Bowers<br /> - " Charles Gregorie<br /> - " Frederick Goulbourne<br /> -Lieut. G. H. Packe<br /> - " John Wallace<br /> - " John A. E. Irving<br /> - " John J. Moss</p> -</div> - -<div class="textcol"> -<p>Lieut. George Doherty<br /> - " John H. Drought<br /> -Lieut. Charles Robt. Bowers<br /> - " Allan T. Maclean<br /> - " Robert Nesbit<br /> - " William Turner<br /> - " James Mill<br /> -Surgeon Thomas G. Logan<br /> -Vet.-Surg. John Constant<br /> -Paymast. Alexander Strange<br /> -Quartermast. Wm. Minchin.<br /> -Cornet Joseph Wakefield</p> -</div> - -<p>After passing the night on the field of battle, -the regiment advanced in pursuit of the French -army on their retreat to Paris, which city surrendered -to the British and Prussian armies. -This event terminated the campaign, Louis the -XVIIIth was restored, and the British troops -received the thanks of both houses of Parliament -for their distinguished conduct during this short -and most important struggle. The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Light Dragoons were stationed in the vicinity of -Paris, and took part in several grand reviews at -which the Emperors of Russia and Austria, and -the Kings of France and Prussia, were present. -On the formation of the army of occupation in -France, the Eleventh, <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, and Fifteenth -Light Dragoons constituted the third brigade of -cavalry under Major-General Sir Colquhoun -Grant, K.C.B.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1816</div> - -<p>In the spring of 1816, the regiment having -received orders to return to England, it<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span> -embarked at Calais, and landed at Dover on the -13th of May, after an absence of one year and -a few days, during which period its casualties -amounted to three officers, sixty-five men, and -one hundred and four horses.</p> - -<p>The regiment marched to Romford, where it -was reviewed by His Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief. -In June it was distributed in -quarters at Newmarket, Bury St. Edmonds, Ely, -Peterborough, and Cambridge; and in July it -marched to York, sending, at different periods -during the latter part of this and in the beginning -of the following year, detachments to Carlisle, -Newcastle-on-Tyne, Tadcaster, Stockton-on-Tees, -Hull, Pontefract, Leeds, Halifax, and -Wakefield, where they were occasionally employed -in quelling riots. The establishment had -been reduced in October, 1816.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1817</div> - -<p>The quarters were changed in July, 1817, to -Brighton, with detachments at Chichester, Arundel, -Hastings, and Eastbourne.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1818</div> - -<p>In the summer and autumn of 1818, the -regiment was stationed at Manchester, Stockport, -Blackburn, Bolton, and Preston, and was engaged -in quelling riots.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1819</div> - -<p>Having received orders to prepare for embarkation -for India, the regiment marched to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span> -Romford, where it was quartered a short time, -and in February, 1819, eight troops, commanded -by Lieutenant-Colonel Boyse, sailed from Gravesend; -they were four months on the voyage, and -landed at Madras on the 13th of June following. -After a short halt, the regiment marched -seventy-three miles up the country to Arcot, -the capital of the Carnatic, where it was stationed -during the remainder of the year.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1820<br />1826</div> - -<p>From Arcot the regiment was removed, in the -early part of 1820, to Bangalore, a military station -in Mysore, about two hundred miles from Madras. -At this station the regiment remained upwards of -six years, and in 1826, it was removed to Arcot.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1828</div> - -<p>In February, 1828, the regiment was encamped -at Arcot, from whence it was removed -to Arnee, a town of the Carnatic, fourteen miles -south of Arcot, and was stationed at that place -during the remainder of the year.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1829</div> - -<p>The regiment left Arnee in March, 1829, and -once more traversed the country to Bangalore, -where it was quartered during the remainder of -its stay in India.</p> - -<div class="sidenotex">1832</div> - -<p>In 1832, the regiment was again clothed in -scarlet with buff facings.</p> - -<p>The Mahommedans of Mysore entered into a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span> -combination, in which some Sepoys of the force -at Bangalore joined, for the destruction of the -English officers and soldiers, and the subversion -of the British government in October, 1832; -but the discovery of this conspiracy on the day -fixed upon for its execution, caused immediate -precautions to be taken, which prevented the -outbreak. Many of the mutineers were taken, -tried, and sentenced,—some to death,—and the -remainder to transportation. The Sepoys were -executed in front of the assembled force.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1833</div> - -<p>In January, 1833, the royal authority was -given for the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons to -retain on their appointments the motto, "<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Viret -in æternum</i>." This motto was borne by the -regiment when it was a corps of heavy cavalry, -and known by the name of the "<em>the green dragoons</em>," -but was discontinued on its being made -light. The motto was subsequently resumed, -and the privilege of bearing it was confirmed to -the regiment by King William IV., as above -stated<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a>.</p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span></p> -<div class="sidenote">1836</div> - -<p>In December, 1836, King William IV. was -pleased to command that the facing of the regiment -should be altered to <em>green</em>.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1839</div> - -<p>Two squadrons of the regiment, under the -command of Lieut.-Colonel Maclean, were detached -to Bellary in February, 1839, and formed -part of the force employed in the expedition -against the Nuwaub of Kurnool. In the affair -at <em>Zorapoor</em>, a party of the regiment, commanded -by Lieutenant Cameron, pursued the fugitives -across the river Toombuddra, and took several -prisoners; for which they were thanked in orders. -The regiment lost one man, drowned, on this -occasion. The two squadrons returned to Bangalore -on the 28th of November. They lost -thirty-two men, principally from cholera, and -six horses, on this service.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1840</div> - -<p>After passing upwards of twenty years in performing -the important duty of protecting the -British possessions in the south of India, the -regiment received orders to prepare to return to -England, and it marched to Madras in the beginning -of 1840<a name="FNanchor_11_11" id="FNanchor_11_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_11_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a>, where it was reviewed by Major-General -Sir Robert Dick, K.C.B. and K.C.H.,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span> -and on the following day transferred its horses to -the Fifteenth Hussars; such non-commissioned -officers and soldiers as volunteered to remain in -India were then permitted to transfer their services -to other corps.</p> - -<p>At the frequent reviews and inspections of -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, during their service in India, -the regiment was invariably complimented on its -admirable system of interior economy, its high -state of discipline and efficiency, and the following -orders were issued previous to its leaving -Madras:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right">"<em>Head-Quarters, Centre Division, Madras</em>,<br /> -<span class="padr2"><em>29th January, 1840</em>.</span></p> - -<p>"Major-General Sir Robert Dick was much -gratified this morning to find Her Majesty's -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons in such high -order. The major-general will not fail to -report to the general commanding-in-chief -the soldier-like appearance and steadiness of -the men, and the serviceable condition of the -horses; the movements were made with precision -and celerity, notwithstanding the heavy -sandy ground the regiment moved over; the -horses were well in hand; the advances in line -and trotting past were admirable. The major-general<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span> -cannot help regretting the services of -so efficient a regiment will be so soon lost to -the Indian army. He sincerely wishes Colonel -Brunton, the officers, and men of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Light Dragoons a safe passage to -England."</p></div> - - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="right">"<em>Head-Quarters, Fort St. George</em>,<br /> -<span class="padr2"><em>17 February, 1840</em>.</span></p> - -<p>"<span class="smcap">General Order.</span>—The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light -Dragoons being ordered to embark, the major-general -commanding-in-chief cannot allow the -corps to quit this command, without recording -the high sense he entertains of its merits and -conduct during the period of its service in the -East. Although opportunities for adding to -its long-established fame and reputation in the -field have so rarely presented themselves to -this arm of the service since the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -formed a portion of the Madras army, the -major-general is well assured, that had occasion -called forth a display of its energies against -the enemy, it would have nobly sustained the -high character of the British cavalry. Good -conduct and discipline are qualities, however, -as essentially necessary to mark the meritorious -soldier out of the field as gallantry in -it; and in these attributes of the profession<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span> -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons have at all -times shone conspicuous.</p> - -<p>"From having been in the division under his -own immediate command during a period of -more than two years, the major-general is -enabled to bear testimony (as well as from the -reports of his predecessors) to the uniform correctness -of its conduct, and throughout the -course of its lengthened service in Mysore, -he believes it may safely be asserted, that not -an instance has occurred of a complaint or -appeal being preferred against an officer, non-commissioned -officer, or private, of this distinguished -corps, to the civil authorities. In -taking leave, therefore, (for a time he hopes -only) of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons, the -major-general begs Lieut.-Colonel Brunton will -accept himself, and convey to the officers and -soldiers under his orders, the assurance of the -esteem the major-general feels for, and the -warm interest he shall ever take in, the prospects -and fair fame of the regiment; and it -will constitute a pleasing part of his duty to -make the general-commanding-in-chief of Her -Majesty's army acquainted with the sentiments -he has thus felt to be due to the corps -to express, of its character and merits, neither<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span> -of which are unknown to Lord Hill already, -and are in no wise diminished by a twenty -years' absence from its native land.</p> - -<p>"By order of Major-General Sir Hugh Gough, K.C.B.</p> - -<p class="right"> -<span class="padr2">"(Signed) <span class="smcap pad2">R. B. Fearon</span>,</span><br /> -"<em>Deputy Adjutant-General of</em><br /> -<em>Her Majesty's Forces</em>." </p> -</div> - -<p class="p1" /> -<p>The regiment embarked from Madras in -February, and landed at Gravesend in June, -after an absence of twenty-one years and three -months, during which period its casualties -amounted to fifteen officers and one thousand and -fifty-one men.</p> - -<p>The regiment marched to Canterbury, and -the establishment was reduced to six troops.</p> - -<p>In June of this year the regiment resumed -wearing blue clothing with buff facing.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1841</div> - -<p>During the election at Canterbury in February, -1841, the regiment was quartered at Deal, -Sandwich, and Walmer; and when the general -election took place in June, it occupied Whitstable, -Herne Bay, and Margate, where it received -a vote of thanks from the inhabitants for -its orderly and exemplary conduct.</p> - -<p>On the 11th of May the regiment was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span> -inspected, mounted, by His Royal Highness the -Duke of Cambridge, who was pleased to express -in very strong terms, to Lieut.-Colonel Brunton, -his approbation of the appearance and forward -state of training of both men and horses. On this -occasion nearly one half of the men present had -joined as recruits since the return of the regiment -from India (ten months), and all were mounted -on young horses, which had been bought and -trained during that time.</p> - -<p>The friendship of the "ragged brigade," -which had commenced with, and had continued -throughout the eventful careers of the two regiments -in the Peninsula, was cemented afresh by -the arrival of the Fourteenth at Canterbury, to -prepare for service in India; when the Fourteenth -presented the regiment with their handsome mess -tables, to perpetuate in the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> a kindly -remembrance of their old companions in arms.</p> - -<p>Lieut.-Colonel Brunton's exertions to complete -the regiment in men and horses had been -attended with the most favourable results; and -having attained a state of efficiency, it marched, -in August, to Ipswich and Norwich, crossing the -Thames at Gravesend.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1842</div> - -<p>In January, 1842, on the occasion of the visit -of the King of Prussia to England to attend the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span> -christening of His Royal Highness the Prince of -Wales, the regiment was removed to Hampton -Court and Slough; and on the 4th of February -the troops at the former place marched, during -the night, to Woolwich, and were present in the -morning at a review of the artillery previous to -the embarkation of the King of Prussia. The -regiment returned from Hampton Court and -Slough to Ipswich and Norwich.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> regiment of Light Dragoons, -during its long and faithful services to its -sovereign and country in various quarters of the -globe, has, in peace and in war, under every circumstance -of service, vicissitude of climate, and -the trials incident thereto, distinguished itself by -the display of those qualities which ever acquire -unfading laurels in the field of action, and gain -respect and esteem for the British soldier.</p> - - -<p class="p2 pfs90 lsp">SIC "VIRET IN ÆTERNUM."</p> - -<p class="p4" /> -<hr class="r30" /> - - -<div class="footnotes pg-brk"> -<h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> <span class="smcap">Doddridge's</span> <cite>Life of Colonel James Gardiner</cite>.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Major Vigoureux, who was employed on the reconnoitring -service, gave Captain White information of the presence of the -enemy, and concerted with him the plan of attack. He requested -Captain White to mount him, which he did, on one of the largest -horses of his troop, and being a very tall and powerful man, his -appearance was most formidable. He charged with Captain White -at the head of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>, and rode with uplifted sabre -straight at the French commanding-officer who was leading: on -their meeting, that officer, instead of defending himself, dropped -his sword to the salute, and turning it, presented the hilt to Major -Vigoureux; the sword was afterwards presented by Colonel -Vigoureux to Lieut.-Colonel Brunton, and is now in his possession.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> Captain White was afterwards appointed to the staff of the -army. He was killed at the battle of Salamanca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> List of French cavalry attacked by two squadrons of the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Light Dragoons at Campo Mayor, 25th March, 1811.</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr><td class="tdl">Second French Hussars</td><td class="tdr">300</td><td class="tdl">men.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Tenth <span class="pad3">ditto</span></td><td class="tdr">350</td><td class="tdl pad3">"</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Twenty-sixth Heavy Dragoons</td><td class="tdr">150</td><td class="tdl pad3">"</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Fourth Spanish Chasseurs</td><td class="tdr">80</td><td class="tdl pad3">"</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr">——</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr">880</td><td class="tdl pad3">"</td></tr> -</table></div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> Paymaster Gardiner obtained possession of Colonel Chamarin's -handsome helmet, and brought it to England. The colonel's -sword was given to Lieut.-Colonel Head.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> The following incident in allusion to the Campo Mayor -affair is taken from the journal of an officer published in <span class="smcap">Clarke's</span> -<cite>Life of the Duke of Wellington</cite>:—</p> - -<p>"Yesterday a French captain of dragoons brought over a -trumpet, demanding permission to search amongst the dead for -his colonel. His regiment was a fine one, with bright brass -helmets and black horse-hair, exactly like what the old Romans -are depicted with. It was truly a bloody scene, being almost -all sabre wounds. It was long before we could find the French -colonel, for he was lying on his face, his naked body weltering -in blood; and as soon as he was turned up, the officer knew -him: he gave a sort of scream and sprang off his horse, dashed -his helmet on the ground, knelt by the body, took the bloody -hand and kissed it many times in an agony of grief; it was an -affecting and awful scene. I suppose there were about six hundred -naked dead bodies lying on the ground at one view. The -French colonel was killed by a corporal of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>. -This corporal had killed one of his men, and he was so enraged, -that he sallied out himself and attacked the corporal, who was -well mounted and a good swordsman, as was the colonel himself. -Both defended for some time; the corporal cut him twice across -the face; his helmet came off at the second, when the corporal -slew him by a cut which nearly cleft his skull asunder, cutting -in as deep as the nose through the brain."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> Serjeant-Major Rosser was appointed cornet in the regiment -in 1818, lieutenant in 1819, and captain in 1831, without purchase; -he was adjutant from October, 1818, to September, 1831; -and retired from the service by the sale of his commission 8th -January, 1841.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> So named from the motley and tattered state of their garments, -owing to the constant exposure and hard work to which -they had been subjected.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> In the narrative of the campaigns of the Twenty-eighth -Regiment, by Lieut.-Colonel Cadell, is the following remark in -relation to the action at St. Gaudens:—</p> - -<p>"This gallant corps (the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span>) in a very short time -cut the Tenth French Hussars to pieces, taking upwards of one -hundred men and horses. Captain Macalister, who commanded -the advance, distinguished himself. When we came up, the -sight was truly melancholy: throughout the many actions in -which we had taken share, we never had seen men and horses so -dreadfully mangled. The horses were sold next day; but the -best brought very little."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_10_10" id="Footnote_10_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> The seal used by the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> when a corps of heavy -cavalry, with the motto "<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Viret in æternum</i>" on a scroll upon it, -is still preserved in the regiment. The same motto was also embroidered -on the green horse furniture used when the regiment -was heavy.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> On this march the regiment lost forty men by cholera, and -two from other causes.</p></div></div> - - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span></p> - -<h2 class="lsp0">SUCCESSIONS OF COLONELS</h2> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">OF</p> - -<p class="pfs150">THE THIRTEENTH</p> - -<p class="pfs120">REGIMENT</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">OF</p> - -<p class="pfs180 lsp2">LIGHT DRAGOONS.</p> - -<hr class="r20" /> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Richard Munden</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 22nd July, 1715</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Richard Munden</span> served under King William III. -in the Netherlands, and also under the celebrated John -Duke of Marlborough, and was promoted to the rank -of colonel in 1706. On the 6th of May, 1709, he succeeded -Lord Lovelace in the colonelcy of a regiment of -foot, which served in the war of the Spanish succession, -and after distinguishing itself at Saragossa in 1710, it -was surrounded and made prisoners in the mountains of -Castille, by the army under the Duke of Vendosme. -In 1711 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general; -but the peace of Utrecht being concluded soon -afterwards, his regiment was disbanded, and he remained -unemployed until the summer of 1715, when he -was commissioned to raise a corps of dragoons—now -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> regiment of Light Dragoons. He -distinguished himself in the attack of the rebels at -Preston, in Lancashire, in November, 1715; and was -removed to the eighth dragoons in 1722. He died in -1725.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span></p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir Robert Rich, Baronet</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 19th November, 1722</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sir Robert Rich</span> entered the army in 1700, and -gave such signal proofs of courage and skill in the -wars in the reign of Queen Anne, that, on the 24th of -October, 1709, he was advanced to the command of a -regiment of foot. At the peace of Utrecht his regiment -was disbanded, and he remained for some time unemployed; -but being distinguished for his loyalty and -steady attachment to the Protestant succession, he was -commissioned to raise, in the summer of 1715, a regiment -of dragoons, which was instrumental in suppressing -the rebellion which broke out that year; but in -1718 it was disbanded. The services of Sir Robert -Rich were, however, not forgotten; he was appointed -one of the grooms of the bedchamber to the Prince of -Wales (afterwards George II.): and on the 19th of November, -1722, King George I. appointed him colonel of -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons; from which he was removed, -in September, 1725, to the eighth dragoons; -and on the 1st of January, 1731, to the seventh horse, -now sixth dragoon guards. He was again removed in -1733 to the first troop of horse grenadier guards; and -in 1735 to the fourth dragoons; he was promoted to -the rank of major-general in 1735, to that of lieut.-general -in 1739, general in 1745; and in 1757 he was -advanced to the rank of field-marshal. He was a member -of Parliament, and governor of Chelsea Hospital. -He died in 1768.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">William Stanhope</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 20th September, 1725</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">William Stanhope</span>, youngest son of John Stanhope -of Elvaston, served several years in the third regiment<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span> -of foot guards, in which corps he obtained the -command of a company, with the rank of lieut.-colonel, -and on the 17th of March, 1711, he was promoted to -the colonelcy of a regiment of foot, which served in -Spain, but was disbanded in November, 1712. In the -summer of 1715, when the kingdom was menaced with -internal war, by the partizans of the Pretender, he -raised a regiment of dragoons for the service of King -George I.; and when the commotions, which followed, -were suppressed, his corps was disbanded. In 1717, -he was employed in a diplomatic character in Spain; -hostilities with that country commenced in 1719, and -he subsequently served as a volunteer with the French -army, commanded by Marshal Duke of Berwick. He -concerted a plan for the destruction of three Spanish -ships of the line, and a great quantity of naval stores, -in the port of St. Andero, which was effected by an -English squadron; Colonel Stanhope contributed to the -execution of this enterprise by accompanying a detachment -of troops, which Marshal Berwick sent, at his -solicitation, and was the first that leaped into the water -when the boats approached the shore. At the termination -of the war, he was again appointed envoy at the -Spanish court, and while employed in this service King -George I. conferred on him the colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons. At the commencement of the war -with Spain, 1726–7, he returned to England, and was appointed -vice-chamberlain to the King; he was also -nominated one of the British plenipotentiaries at the -congress at Soissons; and he subsequently proceeded -to Spain and concluded the treaty of Seville. His distinguished -merits in these negotiations, were rewarded, -in November, 1729, with the title of <span class="smcap">Lord Harrington</span>, -in the county of Northampton; and on the resignation<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span> -of Lord Townshend, he was nominated secretary -of state, which was followed by his vacating the colonelcy -of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons. In the office of -secretary of state, his Lordship's knowledge of foreign -affairs, with his application to business, moderation, -good sense, and integrity, rendered him a valuable -servant to the crown. On the change of the ministry -he was appointed lord president of the council; and -in February, 1742, he was advanced to the dignity of -Viscount Petersham, and <span class="smcap">Earl</span> of <span class="smcap">Harrington</span>. In -1744 he was again appointed secretary of state; and in -1746 he was constituted lord lieutenant of Ireland. He -died in 1756.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Henry Hawley</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 7th July, 1730</em>.</p> - -<p>This officer served the crown in four successive -reigns; and held a commission in the army during a -period of sixty-five years. His first appointment was -dated the 10th of January, 1694; and having signalized -himself in the wars of Queen Anne, he obtained the -rank of colonel by brevet dated the 16th of October, -1712. On the 19th of March, 1717, he was promoted -from the lieutenant-colonelcy of the fourth dragoons to -the colonelcy of the thirty-third regiment of foot; and -on the 7th of July, 1730, he was removed to the colonelcy -of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons. In 1735 he was -promoted to the rank of brigadier-general; in 1739 to -that of major-general; and in the following year -obtained the colonelcy of the royal dragoons. In 1742 -Major-General Hawley proceeded with the army to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span> -Flanders, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-general -in the following spring, and served at the battles -of Dettingen and Fontenoy. In 1746 he commanded -against the rebel Highlanders in Scotland, and the -troops under his orders had a sharp encounter with the -enemy near Falkirk, and sustained considerable loss. -He was afterwards on the staff of the army in Ireland; -and was many years governor of Portsmouth. He died -on the 24th of March, 1759.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Robert Dalway</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 12th May, 1740</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Robert Dalway</span> was appointed cornet in a regiment -of cavalry on the 8th of March, 1704; he served -several campaigns under the celebrated John Duke of -Marlborough, and was distinguished for gallantry in -action, and a strict attention to duty. On the 1st of -February, 1713, he was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy -of Harwich's horse, now seventh dragoon guards, and -in 1739, King George II. promoted him to the colonelcy -of the thirty-ninth foot, from which he was removed in -1740, to the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons. He died in November -of the same year.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Humphrey Bland</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 9th January, 1741</em>.</p> - -<p>This officer's first commission was dated the 4th -of February, 1704, and he had the honour to serve -under the renowned John Duke of Marlborough. At -the augmentation of the army in the summer of 1715,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span> -he was appointed major of the eleventh dragoons, and -he subsequently obtained the lieut.-colonelcy of that -corps. He was employed in suppressing the rebellion -which broke out in 1715, and was wounded at the attack -of the insurgents at Preston, in Lancashire. He subsequently -held a commission in the royal dragoons, and -also in the King's horse, now first dragoon guards, and -in June, 1737, he was promoted to the colonelcy of the -thirty-sixth foot, from which he was removed to the -<span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons in 1741, and in 1743, he -obtained the colonelcy of the third dragoons. He -served as brigadier-general at the battle of Dettingen, in -1743, and at Fontenoy, in 1745. In the following -winter he served as major-general under the Duke of -Cumberland, in Scotland, where he signalized himself -on several occasions, and commanded a regiment of -cavalry at the battle of Culloden. He subsequently -returned to the continent, and was wounded at the -battle of Val, in 1747. In 1752, he was removed to the -colonelcy of the first dragoon guards, which he retained -until his decease in 1763.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">James Gardiner</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 18th April, 1743</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">James Gardiner</span>, son of Captain Patrick Gardiner, -who died while serving in Germany under the great -Duke of Marlborough, in 1704, was born in 1688. At -the commencement of hostilities, in 1701, he obtained a -commission in one of the Scots regiments in the Dutch -service, and in 1702, he was appointed ensign in a regiment -in British pay. He served under the Duke of -Marlborough, and at the battle of Ramilies, on the 23rd<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span> -of May, 1706, he was at the head of the troops which -attacked the French infantry posted in the church-yard, -and while in the act of planting his colours on an elevated -spot, and calling to his men to advance, he was -shot in the mouth. He lay all night on the ground, -and on the following day some foreign soldiers engaged -to remove him to Huy; but being unable to bear the -fatigue of the journey, they left him at a convent, where, -owing to the kind care of the lady abbess, and the aid -she procured, he recovered in a few months<a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a>. This -year he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and he -was soon afterwards removed to the Scots Greys, commanded -by Lord John Dalrymple, afterwards Earl of -Stair, who became much attached to Lieutenant Gardiner. -On the re-formation of the seventh dragoons, in -February, 1715, Lieutenant Gardiner was appointed -captain-lieutenant in that corps, and in July following -he was promoted to captain, in Stanhope's dragoons, of -which regiment he was appointed major in 1717; but -in the following year this corps was disbanded. During -the war he was aide-de-camp to the Earl of Stair, and -he was attached to the splendid retinue of that nobleman, -while his lordship resided at Paris, as ambassador -extraordinary at that court, from whence he was -frequently despatched with important information to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span> -London. While thus employed he became changed, -from a sprightly participator in all the gaieties of life, to -one of the most sedate and pious men of the age in -which he lived, and was remarkable for his punctilious -observance of religious duties. His steady attachment -to the protestant succession, and numerous services, -were rewarded, on the 24th of January, 1730, with the -lieut.-colonelcy of the sixth dragoons, and he performed -the duties of commanding officer to this corps, many -years, with the most exemplary care and zeal. He proceeded -on foreign service with the Inniskilling dragoons, -in 1742, and soon after his arrival in Germany, in 1743, -he was promoted to the colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons. He commanded the regiment in Scotland, -in 1745, when the rebellion, headed by the Pretenders -eldest son, broke out in that country, and he eventually -joined the troops under Lieut.-General Sir John Cope. -During the night preceding the battle of Preston-pans, -the army occupied a position near his own family residence, -and he was attended by four of his domestic -servants, whom he dismissed about three o'clock, on the -following morning, with a pious exhortation to preserve -their loyalty to their sovereign. He spent a considerable -time in private devotion before the battle. At the -commencement of the action, he was wounded in the -left breast by a musket shot, which caused him to give -a sudden spring in his saddle, when his servant, who -held a spare horse, endeavoured to persuade him to -withdraw, but he refused, saying it was only a wound in -the flesh. In the charge, he behaved with the most -heroic gallantry, and afterwards attempted to rally his -men; but being unable to accomplish this, he joined<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span> -some infantry, and while in the act of encouraging them, -he was struck on the right arm by a Highlander with a -scythe fastened to a pole. His sword dropped; other -opponents came round him; he was unhorsed, and left -for dead. About two hours after the engagement had -ceased, his servant found him; he was alive, and the -servant removed him in a cart to Tranent church, from -whence he was conveyed to the minister's house, and -put to bed; but he expired soon afterwards. "In -person, Colonel Gardiner was strongly built and well-proportioned; -in stature unusually tall; and in the expression -of his countenance, intellectual and dignified. -In calm heroism, he has never been excelled. The -energy he displayed, notwithstanding his bodily infirmities, -on the day preceding the fight, at Preston-pans, -his pious exhortation to his domestics, his devotion before -the battle, and his calm unflinching bravery -during the contest, have thrown a romantic charm -around his memory, by which it will, doubtless, be long -and deservedly embalmed<a name="FNanchor_13_13" id="FNanchor_13_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_13_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a>."</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Francis Ligonier</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st October, 1745</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Francis Ligonier</span>, descended from the ancient -family of Ligonier, many years resident in Languedoc, -in France. Being of the Protestant religion, he withdrew -from that country in the time of Louis XIV., -and, with his brother John, (afterwards Earl Ligonier,) -entered the British service. In his first commission -he was designated Francis de Ligonier, but the <em>de</em> was -afterwards discontinued. He was appointed major of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span> -the eighth horse, now seventh dragoon guards, in 1729, -and lieut.-colonel in 1737, and under his care that -regiment became celebrated for efficiency and exemplary -conduct in quarters and in the field. He commanded -the eighth horse at the battle of Dettingen, -where he highly distinguished himself, and was -wounded; and he was rewarded in April, 1745, with -the colonelcy of the forty-eighth foot, from which he -was removed in October to the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons. -He served under Lieut.-General Hawley, in Scotland, -in January, 1746, and while suffering from an attack -of the pleurisy, he quitted his bed to command the -cavalry at the battle of Falkirk, where he again signalized -himself; but fatigue, and exposure to the cold -and wet, brought on a disease, of which he died a few -days afterwards, much regretted by all who knew him.</p> - - -<div><a name="PN" id="PN"></a></div> -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Philip Naison</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 17th February, 1746</em>.</p> - -<p>This officer entered the army in 1708, and he -acquired a reputation for attention to his duties and for -personal bravery. He was many years in the royal -dragoons, and commanded that regiment at the battle -of Dettingen, where it captured the standard of the -Mousquetairs Noirs. He was also wounded at the head -of the royal dragoons at the battle of Fontenoy; and -in 1746 King George II. rewarded him with the colonelcy -of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons. He died in -1750.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir Charles Armand Powlet</span>, K.B.,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 26th January, 1751</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Charles Armand Powlet</span>, choosing the profession<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span> -of arms, obtained a commission as cornet of horse -in 1710; he served many years in the household -cavalry, and was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of -the first troop of horse grenadier guards by King -George II., who afterwards rewarded him with the -colonelcy of the ninth regiment of marines, by commission -dated the 27th of December, 1740. At the -peace of Aix-la-Chapelle his regiment was disbanded; -and in November, 1749, he was appointed colonel of -the ninth foot; he was also promoted to the rank of -major-general, was honoured with the dignity of a -knight of the bath, and held an appointment in the -establishment of the Prince of Wales. In 1751 he was -removed to the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons: he died in -November of the same year.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">The Honorable Henry Seymour Conway</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 25th December, 1751</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">The Honorable Henry Seymour Conway</span>, -second son of Lord Conway, and brother of Francis -Earl of Hertford, was appointed lieutenant in the first -foot guards in 1737, captain and lieut.-colonel in 1741, -and in 1746 he was appointed aide-de-camp to the -Duke of Cumberland, and promoted to the colonelcy -of the fifty-ninth (now forty-eighth) foot. He was -removed to the thirty-fourth foot in 1749, to the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons in 1751, and to the fourth horse, -now seventh dragoon guards, in 1754. In 1756 he was -promoted to the rank of major-general, and in 1759 to -that of lieut.-general, and he was removed to the royal -dragoons in the same year. He commanded a division -of the allied army in Germany under Prince Ferdinand<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span> -of Brunswick in 1761; and the British forces in Germany -were placed under his orders during the absence -of the Marquis of Granby. He was also one of the -grooms of the bed-chamber to his majesty, and a -member of parliament; and having voted against -ministers on the great question of military warrants, in -1764, he resigned his court appointment and military -commands; but in 1768 he was appointed colonel of -the fourth dragoons. In 1770 he succeeded the Marquis -of Granby in the colonelcy of the royal regiment -of horse guards; in 1772 he was promoted to the rank -of general, and in 1793 to that of field-marshal. He -died in 1795; at which period he was eldest general -officer, and first field-marshal in the army.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">John Mostyn</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 8th July, 1754</em>.</p> - -<p>This officer was appointed ensign on the 29th of -February, 1732, and after a short service he was promoted -to captain in the thirty-first foot, from which -he was advanced in 1742 to the commission of captain-lieutenant -in the second foot guards. He served with -his regiment on the continent, and was wounded at the -battle of Fontenoy in 1745. In 1747 he was appointed -aide-de-camp to King George II.; in 1751 His Majesty -gave him the colonelcy of the seventh regiment of foot, -from which he was removed, in 1754, to the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> -Dragoons, and in 1757 he was promoted to -the rank of major-general: in 1758 he was removed to -the fifth, royal Irish, dragoons. He commanded a -brigade of infantry under Charles, Duke of Marlborough, -in the expedition to St. Maloes, in 1758; in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span> -1759 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general, -and in 1760 he was removed to the colonelcy of the -seventh dragoons. He served under Prince Ferdinand -of Brunswick, in Germany, and signalized himself at -many general engagements and skirmishes during the -years 1759–60–61, and –62; and at the termination of -the war he was appointed colonel of the first dragoon -guards; in 1772 he was promoted to the rank of -general. He died in March, 1779.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Archibald Douglas</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 18th October, 1758</em>.</p> - -<p>After a progressive service in the subordinate -commissions, this officer was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy -of the fourth dragoons in February, 1747; he -was also advanced to the rank of colonel in the army, -and honoured with the appointment of aide-de-camp to -the King. In 1758 His Majesty conferred upon him -the colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons. He was -promoted to the rank of major-general in 1759, and to -that of lieut.-general in 1761. He died at Dublin, in -October, 1778.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Richard Pierson</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 27th November, 1778</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Richard Pierson</span> was many years an officer in -the first foot guards, in which regiment he was appointed -major, with the rank of colonel in the army, on the -21st of July, 1760. In 1762 he was promoted to the -rank of major-general, and in 1764 he was appointed -colonel of the sixty-third regiment of foot, from which -he was removed in the following year to the thirty-sixth<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</a></span> -regiment. In 1772 he was promoted to the rank of -lieut.-general; he was also honoured with the dignity of -a Knight of the Bath; and in 1778 he was removed to -the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons. He was taken suddenly -ill on his return from the theatre on the night of the -12th of February, 1781, and died before the following -morning.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Francis Craig</span>,</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 15th February, 1781</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Francis Craig</span> obtained a commission of ensign -and lieutenant in the second foot guards on the 22nd of -April, 1742, and he served in that regiment upwards of -thirty-three years. He served with the brigade of foot -guards in Germany, in 1760–61, and –62, and was -promoted to the rank of colonel in the army in 1763. -In 1775 he was advanced from first major of the -second, to lieutenant-colonel of the first, foot guards, -and promoted to the rank of major-general. In 1777 -he attained the rank of lieutenant-general; he was -appointed colonel of the <span class="smcap">Thirteenth</span> Dragoons in -1781, and promoted to the rank of general in 1793. -He was many years governor of Sheerness. He died -in 1811, in the eighty-sixth year of his age.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">The Hon. Sir Henry George Grey</span>, -G.C.B., G.C.H.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 30th December, 1811</em>.</p> - -<p class="p2" /> - - -<hr class="r20 pg-brk" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</a></span></p> - - -<p class="pfs120 lsp">SUCCESSION OF LIEUTENANT-COLONELS, -THIRTEENTH LIGHT DRAGOONS.</p> - -<div class="center fs80 bbox"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary=""> -<tr><td class="tdc">NAMES.</td><td class="tdc bl">Dates of Appointment.</td><td class="tdc bl">REMARKS.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly bb"> </td><td class="tdrx bb"></td><td class="tdlx bb"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly"> </td><td class="tdrx"></td><td class="tdlx"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Clement Neville</td><td class="tdrx">22nd July, 1715</td><td class="tdlx">Colonel 14th Dragoons, 9th April, 1720.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Peter Ker</td><td class="tdrx">24th May, 1722</td><td class="tdlx"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Shuckburgh Whitney</td><td class="tdrx">20th June, 1739</td><td class="tdlx">Killed at the battle of Falkirk.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">John Toovey</td><td class="tdrx">19th Sep., 1747</td><td class="tdlx">Removed to the 1st Royal Dragoons in 1754.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">James Johnston</td><td class="tdrx">2nd Dec., 1754</td><td class="tdlx">Ditto, ditto, 1759, afterwards Colonel 4th Dragoon Guards.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Henry Gore</td><td class="tdrx">7th April, 1759</td><td class="tdlx">Retired in 1764.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Thomas Crow</td><td class="tdrx">6th Feb., 1764</td><td class="tdlx">Ditto.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">James Blaquiere</td><td class="tdrx">7th Dec., 1764</td><td class="tdlx"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Sir James Steuart, Baronet</td><td class="tdrx">15th July, 1776</td><td class="tdlx">Colonel 12th Light Dragoons, 9th Nov., 1791.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Honorable William Cuffe</td><td class="tdrx">31st Dec., 1791</td><td class="tdlx">Died in 1792.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Honorable George Walpole</td><td class="tdrx">31st Oct., 1792</td><td class="tdlx">Retired in 1797.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Robert Bolton</td><td class="tdrx">7th June, 1797</td><td class="tdlx">Promoted Major-General, afterwards Colonel 7th Dragoon Guards.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Honorable John Browne</td><td class="tdrx">16th July, 1799</td><td class="tdlx">Retired in 1801.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Michael Head</td><td class="tdrx">4th June, 1801</td><td class="tdlx">Promoted Major-General.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Patrick Doherty</td><td class="tdrx">4th June, 1813</td><td class="tdlx">Retired in 1818.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">* Theophilus Pritzler</td><td class="tdrx">5th Nov., 1818</td><td class="tdlx">Commandant at Maidstone; promoted Major-General.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Shapland Boyse</td><td class="tdrx">8th Dec., 1818</td><td class="tdlx">Retired in 1830.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">* Sir John Browne, Kt.</td><td class="tdrx">9th May, 1820</td><td class="tdlx">Commandant at Maidstone; promoted Major-General.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Thomas Hawker</td><td class="tdrx">9th Aug., 1821</td><td class="tdlx">Held a superior command in India; promoted Major-Gen.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">John Floyd Paterson</td><td class="tdrx">21st July, 1825</td><td class="tdlx">Retired in 1833.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">* Sir T. Noel Hill, K.C.B.</td><td class="tdrx">22nd July, 1830</td><td class="tdlx">Commandant at Maidstone; died in 1833.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Richard Brunton</td><td class="tdrx">31st Dec., 1830</td><td class="tdlx">Commanding the Regiment since December, 1831.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">William Persse</td><td class="tdrx">6th Dec., 1833</td><td class="tdlx">Removed to 16th Lancers in 1834.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdly">Allan Thomas Maclean</td><td class="tdrx">11th July, 1834</td><td class="tdlx">To half-pay on the reduction of the establishment in 1840.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<div class="blockquot fs80"> - -<p>* The Officers, whose names are marked thus,*, were appointed to a regiment -in India, in consequence of commanding the Cavalry Depôt at Maidstone;—but -they did not join the regiment.</p></div> - - -<p class="p4" /> -<div class="footnotes pg-brk"> -<h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_12_12" id="Footnote_12_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> In the <cite>Life of Colonel James Gardiner</cite>, by the Rev. J. -Doddridge, D.D., the circumstances connected with his being -wounded at Ramilies are detailed, which the Doctor states he had -the pleasure of hearing more than once from the colonel's own -mouth: but the doctor's memory must have failed in a few points, -as there are some palpable errors in the statement, such as—"the -French were masters of that spot (Ramilies) though their forces -were defeated at some distance;" &c. &c.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_13_13" id="Footnote_13_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> Sir Walter Scott.</p></div></div> - - -<div class="transnote pg-brk"> -<a name="TN" id="TN"></a> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Some pages at the front of the book have identical numbering, -pages <a href="#Page_iii">iii to viii</a> and then <a href="#Page_v_2">v to viii</a>. -This has not been changed.</p> - -<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been -corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within -the text and consultation of external sources.</p> - -<p>The 2-column list of officers on pages <a href="#Page_70">70/71</a> has been reordered so -that all Captains precede all Lieutenants.</p> - -<p>All { brackets have been removed from the Table on <a href="#Page_96">page 96</a>, since -there is no ambiguity in the etext table. This Table has a 'footnote' -referenced by * which remains placed at the bottom of the Table.</p> - -<p>Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, -and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, -Field Marshal, Field-Marshal; bedchamber, bed-chamber; patrole; -piquet; riband; signalized; rencounter.</p> - -<p> -<a href="#Page_19">Pg 19</a>, 'Philip Naizon' is also called '<a href="#PN">Philip Naison</a>' elsewhere in -the book. Other external sources are also inconsistent in this -regard.<br /> -<a href="#Page_22">Pg 22</a>, 'Royal Fusileers' replaced by 'Royal Fusiliers'.<br /> -<a href="#Page_70">Pg 70</a>, 'Lt.-Cl. Patrick' replaced by 'Lt.-Col. Patrick'.<br /> -</p> -</div> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Thirteenth -Regiment of Light Dragoons: From It, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD--13TH REG. 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