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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..28ec0bb --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #54693 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/54693) diff --git a/old/54693-0.txt b/old/54693-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 8a47111..0000000 --- a/old/54693-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,14706 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Book for a Rainy Day, by John Thomas Smith - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: A Book for a Rainy Day - or, Recollections of the Events of the Years 1766-1833 - -Author: John Thomas Smith - -Editor: Wilfred Whitten - -Release Date: May 9, 2017 [EBook #54693] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY *** - - - - -Produced by MWS and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet -Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - - - - - -A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY - - - - -[Illustration: JOHN THOMAS SMITH - -AUTHOR OF “NOLLEKENS AND HIS TIMES,” “A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY,” ETC.] - - - - - A BOOK - FOR A RAINY DAY - - OR RECOLLECTIONS OF THE - EVENTS OF THE YEARS 1766-1833 - - BY - JOHN THOMAS SMITH - - EDITED, WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES - BY - WILFRED WHITTEN - - WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM CONTEMPORARY PRINTS - - METHUEN & CO. - 36 ESSEX STREET W.C. - LONDON - - _This Edition was first Published in 1905_ - - - - -AUTHOR’S PREFACE - - -The highly flattering manner in which my work, entitled _Nollekens and -his Times_, was generally received, induced me to collect numerous -scattered biographical papers, which I have considerably augmented with a -variety of subjects, arranged chronologically, according to the years of -my life. - -Some may object to my vanity, in expecting the reader of the following -pages to be pleased with so heterogeneous a dish. It is, I own, what -ought to be called a salmagundi, or it may be likened to various suits -of clothes, made up of remnants of all colours. One promise I can make, -that as my pieces are mostly of new cloth, they will last the longer. Dr. -Johnson has said: - -“All knowledge is of itself of some value. There is nothing so minute or -inconsiderable, that I would not rather know, than not.” - -Lord Orrery, in a letter to Dr. Birch, dated November, 1741, makes the -following observation: - -“I look upon anecdotes as debts due to the public, which every man, when -he has that kind of cash by him, ought to pay.” - - J. T. SMITH. - - - - -LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - - - JOHN THOMAS SMITH _Frontispiece_ - From an Engraving by WILLIAM SKELTON of - the Drawing by JOHN JACKSON, R.A. - - NANCY DAWSON _Facing page_ 10 - From a Contemporary Print. - - ROYAL ACADEMICIANS REFLECTING ON THE TRUE LINE OF - BEAUTY AT THE LIFE ACADEMY, SOMERSET HOUSE. ” ” 14 - From a Drawing by ROBERT CRUIKSHANK. - - THE DELIGHTS OF ISLINGTON ” ” 17 - From the Engraving by CHARLES BRETHERTON - of the Caricature by HENRY WILLIAM - BUNBURY. - - “SING TANTARARA--VAUXHALL! VAUXHALL!” ” ” 24 - From the Drawing by ROWLANDSON (_Microcosm - of London_). - - GEORGE WHITEFIELD ” ” 32 - From a Painting by NATHANIEL HONE, mezzotinted - by GRENWOODE. - - JOHN RANN ” ” 38 - From a Contemporary Print. - - LONDON BEGGARS: JOHN MACNALLY ” ” 45 - From an Etching by JOHN THOMAS SMITH. - - LONDON BEGGARS: A SILVER-HAIRED MAN ” ” 52 - From an Etching by JOHN THOMAS SMITH. - - LONDON MATCH BOYS ” ” 58 - From an Etching by JOHN THOMAS SMITH. - - IMAGES ” ” 63 - From an Etching by JOHN THOMAS SMITH. - - THE ROYAL COCKPIT ” ” 68 - From a Drawing by PUGIN and ROWLANDSON. - - DR. SAMUEL JOHNSON ” ” 78 - From the Drawing by THOMAS TROTTER, done - from life, and engraved by PRISCOTT. - - “PERDITA” ROBINSON ” ” 83 - Transcriber’s Note: this picture was omitted - from the original book’s list of - illustrations, and has here been added. - - MRS. SIDDONS ” ” 85 - From the Portrait by JOHN KEYSE SHERWIN, - engraved by the painter. - - BENJAMIN WEST, P.R.A. ” ” 91 - From the Painting by GILBERT STUART in the - National Portrait Gallery. - - CAPTAIN FRANCIS GROSE ” ” 105 - From the Drawing by DANCE, engraved by - RIDLEY. - - COVENT GARDEN ” ” 108 - From the Print, “Morning,” by HOGARTH. - - UMBRELLAS TO MEND ” ” 115 - From an Etching by JOHN THOMAS SMITH. - - CHRISTIE’S AUCTION ROOM ” ” 120 - From the Drawing by PUGIN and ROWLANDSON - (_Microcosm of London_). - - AN OLD LONDON WATCH-HOUSE ” ” 126 - From the Drawing by PUGIN and ROWLANDSON - (_Microcosm of London_). - - SIR HARRY DINSDALE AND SIR JEFFERY DUNSTAN ” ” 129 - From Contemporary Prints. - - ELIZABETH CANNING’S IMPOSTURE ” ” 135 - From a Contemporary Print. - - RICHARD BRINSLEY SHERIDAN ” ” 147 - From the Painting by JOHN RUSSELL, R.A., - in the National Portrait Gallery. - - J. W. M. TURNER, R.A. ” ” 152 - From a Water-Colour Drawing by JOHN - THOMAS SMITH in the British Museum - Print Room. - - GEORGE MORLAND ” ” 157 - From a Drawing by ROWLANDSON. - - THE REV. ROWLAND HILL ” ” 161 - From a Drawing by THOMAS CLARK, engraved - by WILLIAM BOND. - - JAMES BARRY, R.A. ” ” 168 - From the Portrait painted by himself, in the - National Portrait Gallery. - - THE OLD HOUSE OF COMMONS ” ” 173 - From the Drawing by PUGIN and ROWLANDSON - (_Microcosm of London_). - - NEWGATE CHAPEL ON THE EVE OF SEVERAL EXECUTIONS ” ” 178 - From the Drawing by PUGIN and ROWLANDSON - (_Microcosm of London_). - - THOMAS AUGUSTINE ARNE ” ” 181 - From a Caricature (based upon a Drawing by - BARTOLOZZI) in the National Portrait - Gallery. - - LADY HAMILTON ” ” 184 - After a Painting by ROMNEY. - - GIOVANNI BATTISTA BELZONI ” ” 188 - From the Painting by WILLIAM BROCKEDON - in the National Portrait Gallery. - - BARTHOLOMEW FAIR ” ” 193 - From the Drawing by PUGIN and ROWLANDSON - (_Microcosm of London_). - - CHARLES TOWNLEY ” ” 198 - From a Painting by JOHANN ZOFFANY, R.A., - engraved by WORTHINGTON. - - JAMES NORTHCOTE, R.A. ” ” 205 - From a Drawing by JAMES LONSDALE. - - WILLIAM HUNTINGTON, “S.S.” ” ” 212 - From the Painting by DOMENICO PELLEGRINI - in the National Portrait Gallery. - - MRS. JORDAN IN THE CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY GIRL ” ” 222 - From the Painting by ROMNEY, engraved by - JOHN OGBOURNE. - - HENRY CONSTANTINE JENNINGS (OR NOEL) ” ” 233 - From a Contemporary Print. - - DAVID GARRICK AND HIS WIFE ” ” 243 - From the Painting by HOGARTH, engraved by - H. BOURNE. - - DR. OLIVER GOLDSMITH ” ” 257 - From the Drawing by HENRY WILLIAM BUNBURY, - engraved by BRETHERTON. - - THE WIG IN ENGLAND: A MACARONI READY FOR - THE PANTHEON ” ” 265 - From a Contemporary Print. - - MATS TO SELL ” ” 281 - From an Etching by JOHN THOMAS SMITH. - - CHARLES DIBDEN ” ” 292 - From the Painting by THOMAS PHILLIPS, R.A., - in the National Portrait Gallery. - - A PARTY ON THE RIVER ” ” 298 - From a Drawing by ROBERT CRUIKSHANK. - - SIR EDMUND BERRY GODFREY ” ” 303 - From an Engraving by P. VANDREBANE. - - JOHN FLAXMAN, R.A., MODELLING THE BUST OF HAYLEY ” ” 309 - From the Painting by ROMNEY in the National - Portrait Gallery. - - THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH, R.A. ” ” 317 - From the Painting by himself in the Royal - Academy. - - - - -THIS EDITION - - -The first two editions of _A Book for a Rainy Day_ appeared in 1845, -twelve years after John Thomas Smith’s death, and a third appeared in -1861. As these editions do not contain half a dozen notes other than -Smith’s own, this may claim to be the first annotated edition. It is also -the first in which numerous original misprints have been (as I hope) -corrected. - -The lapse of seventy years has made many notes necessary. I have -endeavoured to write these in the spirit of the book, making them -something more than brief categorical answers to questions suggested -by Smith’s journal. His own notes were interesting after-thoughts, and -for this reason, and to avoid confusion, the great majority are now -incorporated in his text. Where any are retained as footnotes, Smith’s -authorship is indicated. If my additions to the book seem profuse, I can -only plead that the _Rainy Day_ offers to the annotator that abundance of -material which has long pleased and bewildered its “Grangerisers.” And -our climate has not improved. - -I wish to acknowledge the use I have made of the _Dictionary of -National Biography_, _Notes and Queries_, Mr. Wheatley’s _London Past -and Present_, Mr. George Clinch’s _Bloomsbury and St. Giles’s_, and -his _Marylebone and St. Pancras_, Mr. Warwick Wroth’s _London Pleasure -Gardens of the Eighteenth Century_, Mr. Percy Fitzgerald’s _Life of -Garrick_, Mr. Austin Dobson’s _Hogarth_, Mr. Laurence Binyon’s _Catalogue -of Drawings by British Artists in the Print Department_, the _Gentleman’s -Magazine_, the works of Cunningham and Redgrave, and such autobiographies -as those of Henry Angelo, Thomas Dibdin, John Taylor, W. H. Pyne, Sir -Nathaniel Wraxhall, B. R. Haydon, Madam D’Arblay, Dr. Trusler, and -Letitia Hawkins. It is remarkable how John Thomas Smith’s own books -supplement each other. His _Nollekens and his Times_ is an inexhaustible -budget of facts, and its usefulness has been increased by the index -provided in Mr. Gosse’s edition of 1895. - -It should be remembered that the year-dates which Smith uses as chapter -headings do not represent the times at which the respective chapters were -written. I judge that Smith was engaged on the _Rainy Day_ only in the -last three years of his life. His chronology is rather happy-go-lucky. -For example, it must not be supposed that Dr. Burgess, of Mortimer -Street, wore his cocked hat and deep ruffles in 1816, or that in that -year Alderman Boydell might have been seen putting his head under the -pump in Ironmonger Lane. These men died some years earlier. In accordance -with the text of the third edition, Smith’s curious mention of the death -of Dr. Johnson will be found under the year 1803. - - W. W. - -_June 1905._ - - - - -JOHN THOMAS SMITH - - -John Thomas, or “Rainy Day,” Smith was born in a London hackney coach, on -the evening of the 23rd of June 1766. His mother had spent the evening -at the house of her brother, Mr. Edward Tarr, a convivial glass-grinder -of Earl Street, Seven Dials, and the coach was conveying her back with -necessary haste to her home at No. 7 Great Portland Street. Sixty-seven -years later, the man who had entered thus hurriedly into the world left -it with almost equal unexpectedness in his house, No. 22 University -Street, after holding for seventeen years the post of Keeper of the -Prints at the British Museum. - -As a writer John Thomas Smith takes no high rank; but he is a delightful -gossip, full of his two subjects: London and Art. We know him when he -exclaims to a visitor in the Print Room, “What I tell you is the fact, -and sit down, and I’ll tell ye the whole story.” Smith’s narrative manner -is always that: “Sit down, and I’ll tell ye the whole story.” Such -historians are often found in life, mighty recollectors before the Lord, -who talk books which no one can inspire them to write. And it is well -that when Smith did write he took small pains to be fine or literary. -Writing as a man, and not as the scribes, he produced in his _Nollekens -and his Times_ one of the most entertaining harum-scarum biographies ever -seen, and in his _Book for a Rainy Day, or Recollections of the Events of -the Years 1766-1833_, a budget of memories which has perhaps been less -read and more quoted than any book of its kind. - -Smith’s valuable quality is his interest in the life he lived and saw -lived. He was zealous to record those trivial facts of to-day which -become piquant to-morrow, a habit that reveals itself in the way he -mentions his birth as happening “whilst Maddox was balancing a straw at -the Little Theatre in the Haymarket, and Marylebone Gardens re-echoed the -melodious notes of Tommy Lowe.” In a friend’s album he wrote-- - -“I can boast of seven events, some of which great men would be proud of: - -“I received a kiss when a boy from the beautiful Mrs. Robinson; - -“Was patted on the head by Dr. Johnson; - -“Have frequently held Sir Joshua Reynolds’s spectacles; - -“Partook of a pint of porter with an elephant; - -“Saved Lady Hamilton from falling when the melancholy news arrived of -Lord Nelson’s death; - -“Three times conversed with King George the Third; - -“And was shut up in a room with Mr. Kean’s lion.” - -These events are more curious than fateful, and, indeed, Smith’s career -is little more than a record of plates etched and books published. He is -entertaining because he was out and about in London for sixty years, and -looked upon anecdotes as “debts due to the public.” - -Almost as soon as Mrs. Smith’s hackney coach had brought her to No. 7 -Great Portland Street--a house whose site is now covered, as I reckon, -by No. 38--Dr. William Hunter, brother of the great John Hunter, -arrived from Jermyn Street, and performed his duties with the skill -of a Physician-Extraordinary to the Queen. The attendance of such a -man proves the material comfort of the Smith family. Nathaniel Smith, -the flustered father, was principal assistant to Joseph Nollekens, the -sculptor, and he had worked for Joseph Wilton and the great Roubiliac. -For Wilton he carved three of the nine masks, representing Ocean and -eight British rivers, now seen on the Strand front of Somerset House. He -had taken to wife a Miss Tarr, a Quakeress. Their boy’s christening was -dictated by family history. He was named John after his grandfather, a -Shropshire clothier, whose bust, modelled by Nathaniel Smith, was the -first publicly exhibited by the Associated Artists at Spring Gardens; and -Thomas after his great-uncle, Admiral Thomas Smith, who had earned in -Portsmouth Harbour (more cheaply, perhaps, than Smith would have allowed) -the name of “Tom of Ten Thousand.” - -Smith early went into training to be a gossiping topographer. Old -Nollekens, already a Royal Academician, and the most sought-after -sculptor of portrait busts (“Well, sir, I think my friend Joe Nollekens -can chop out a head with any of them,” was Dr. Johnson’s tribute to -his genius), often took his assistant’s little son for a ramble round -the streets. One day he led Thomas to the Oxford Road to see Jack Rann -go by on the cart to Tyburn, where he was to be hanged for robbing Dr. -William Bell of his watch and eighteenpence. The boy remembered all -his life the criminal’s pea-green coat, his nankin small-clothes, and -the immense nosegay that had been presented to him at St. Sepulchre’s -steps. In another walk, Mr. Nollekens showed him the ruins of the Duke of -Monmouth’s house in Soho Square. In a Sunday morning ramble they watched -the boys bathing in Marylebone Basin, on the site of Portland Place. And, -again, they stood at the top of Rathbone Place, while Nollekens recalled -the mill from which Windmill Street was named, and the halfpenny hatch -which had admitted people to the miller’s grounds. - -In the sculptor’s studio, at No. 9 Mortimer Street, where at the age of -twelve he began to help his father, Smith met sundry great people. One -day, Mr. Charles Townley, the collector of the Townley marbles, noticed -him, and “pouched” him half a guinea to purchase paper and chalk. Dr. -Johnson, who was sitting for his bust, once looked at the boy’s drawings, -and, laying his hand heavily on his head, croaked, “Very well, very -well.” On a February day in 1779, that wag Johnny Taylor, who was to -be Smith’s life-long friend, put his head in at the studio door and -shouted the news that Garrick’s funeral had just left Adelphi Terrace for -Westminster Abbey. Away flew Smith to see the procession, and to record -it, in his old age, in the _Rainy Day_. - -As a youth, Smith wished to learn engraving under Bartolozzi, but the -great Italian declined a pupil, and it was through the influence of Dr. -Hinchliffe, Bishop of Peterborough, one of his father’s patrons, that he -entered the studio of John Keyse Sherwin, the engraver. Here he received -his kiss from the beautiful “Perdita” Robinson; and when Mrs. Siddons -sat to Sherwin for her portrait as the Grecian Daughter, he raised and -lowered the window curtains to obtain the effect of light desired by his -master. - -Three years later Smith launched out as young drawing-master, -pencil-portrait draughtsman, and topographical engraver. He found -a patron in Mr. Richard Wyatt, of Milton Place, Egham. Through this -gentleman he obtained commissions as a topographical artist from -influential collectors like the Duke of Roxburgh, Lord Leicester, and -Horace Walpole. Moreover, Sir Joshua Reynolds and Benjamin West sometimes -engaged him to bid for them at print auctions. At this time he was a -frequent visitor to the drawing-room of Mrs. Mathew, in Rathbone Place, -where Flaxman was often found, and where William Blake read aloud his -early poems. - -The small artist, and particularly the topographical artist, had his -chance in the second half of the eighteenth century. The productions -of Wilson, Reynolds, Romney, and Gainsborough had stirred up the arts -of engraving, which allied themselves closely to literature and life. -It was the age of portly topographies and county histories, with their -ceremonious array of plates; of itinerant portrait and view painting; -and of night-sales of books and prints at which sociable collectors sat -under eccentric auctioneers, and at which noblemen were as commonly seen -as they were at boxing and trotting matches fifty years later. Shops -abounded for the sale of new prints, and auctions were frequent for the -distribution of old. Human types were produced of which we know little -to-day. Smith has drawn some of them with easy and natural touches in -his chapter on the print-buyers who attended Langford’s and Hutchins’ -sale rooms, in Covent Garden, in 1783. There he was in his element. Not -much passed in the art world in the fifty years following that date that -Smith did not know. - -When twenty-two, he married. The girl of his choice was Anne Maria -Pickett, who belonged to a respectable family at Streatham, and who, -after forty-five years of married life, was left his widow. They had -one son and two daughters. The son died at the Cape in the same year as -his father, 1833. One daughter was married to Mr. Smith, a sculptor, -and the other to Mr. Paul Fischer, a miniature painter. Soon after -his marriage he was invited by Sir James Winter Lake to take up his -residence at Edmonton, where he taught drawing to their daughter, and -doubtless had other pupils. When he applied (unsuccessfully) for the -post of drawing-master to Christ’s Hospital, Sir James and Lady Lake’s -testimonial made a point of the fact that he had never touched up their -daughter’s work, “a practice too often followed by drawing-masters -in general.” At this period Smith practised as an itinerant portrait -painter, a branch of art which then had its vogue, and was to number -William Hazlitt among its professors. At Edmonton it was that he -“_profiled, three-quartered, full-faced_, and _buttoned up_ the retired -embroidered weavers, their crummy wives and tight-laced daughters.” At -Edmonton, too, he watched the reception of his first book, the -_Antiquities of London and its Environs_. Smith’s career for the next -thirty years may be conveniently sketched in a list of his residences -and the work he accomplished in each. - -In 1797 he was at No. 40 Frith Street, Soho, a house which still -exists, with its ground floor converted into a French wine shop. There -he published his _Remarks on Rural Scenery_, consisting of etching -of cottage and village scenes in the neighbourhood of London, with a -preliminary essay on drawing. - -In 1800 he was living with his father at 18 May’s Buildings, or the -“Rembrandt Head,” as it was styled, in St. Martin’s Lane. In this -year the discovery of curious paintings during the alterations to St. -Stephen’s Chapel for the enlargement of the House of Commons, attracted -Smith’s attention, and, after making careful copies of these relics, he -projected his _Antiquities of Westminster_. - -In February 1806, Smith published an etching of the scene on the Thames -when Nelson’s remains were brought from Greenwich to Whitehall. He tells -us that on showing it to Lady Hamilton she swooned in his arms. The plate -is inscribed: “Published February 15, 1806, by John Thomas Smith, at No. -36 Newman Street.” This house remains unaltered. - -In 1807 he issued his _Antiquities of Westminster_, his address appearing -in the imprint as 31 Castle Street East, Oxford Street. - -In 1810, May’s Buildings reappears in the imprint of his _Antient -Topography of London_, but it may be that this address was not -residential. The site of this house is merged in Messrs. Harrison’s -printing works. - -In 1815-17, Smith lived at No. 4 Chandos Street, Covent Garden, whence he -issued his _Vagabondiana, or Anecdotes of Mendicant Wanderers through the -Streets of London_. - -In 1816 he succeeded William Alexander as Keeper of the Prints, and it -is probable that he soon afterwards took up his residence at No. 22 -University Street.[1] He was living here in 1828, when he published, -through Henry Colburn, of New Burlington Street, “_Nollekens and his -Times_: comprehending a Life of that celebrated Sculptor; and Memoirs -of Several Contemporary Artists, from the time of Roubiliac, Hogarth, -and Reynolds, to that of Fuseli, Flaxman, and Blake.” This, his most -ambitious work, must be noticed more particularly because of its -bearing on Smith’s life and character. Mr. Gosse, who has edited it, -with the addition of a graceful essay on Georgian Sculpture, describes -it as “perhaps the most candid biography ever published in the English -language.” In its pages Smith exposes the domestic privacies and miserly -habits of the sculptor and his wife. There are pages of sordid gossip -which a dismissed charwoman might probably have found unacceptable to her -cronies and supporters. Yet the book cannot be described as venomous. It -is cheerily and unscrupulously candid, and this even in the matter of -the author’s own disappointment. Nollekens, he assures us, had again and -again given him reason to believe that he would be handsomely remembered -in his will. “That you may depend upon, Tom,” were his words. It is easy -to see that Smith may have come to expect this as the bright event of -his later years. His Museum appointment had lifted him out of drudgery, -and the promised legacy may have presented itself to him as the final -deliverance from care. Nollekens had been kind to him as a boy, and -had remained his friend through life. He was a widower, childless, and -enormously rich. No artist had known better how to make art profitable. -His purchases of antiques in Rome had been most prudent; so, also, his -investments. As a sculptor of portrait busts he stood alone, and in his -long working life he had “chopped out” the heads of many hundreds of -wealthy and illustrious persons. When he died in April 1823, no one was -surprised that his estate was declared to be of the value of £300,000. -But very little of it went to “Tom,” who, to his intense chagrin, -received a bare hundred pounds as one of the three executors. - -Five years later, Smith brought out his hit-back biography. Its general -veracity cannot be doubted. It is a veracity sharpened, not deflected, by -malice. But it is clear that Smith found other satisfactions in writing -the book than that of exposing the weaknesses of his old friend. He -enjoyed the long and minute chronicle of life in Mortimer Street and in -the studios and galleries he had frequented. Nollekens comes and goes in -a world of gossip about London, art, and people. True, at any moment a -mischievous gust may blow aside the veils to show us Mrs. Nollekens, in -second-hand finery, beating down the price of a new broom or a chicken -with cunning affability, or the sculptor pocketing nutmegs at the Royal -Academy dinners to be added to the Mortimer Street larder. If you protest -against these and worse freedoms, you are grateful for the hundred little -touches of locality and custom that accompany them. The daily life of the -eighteenth century is before you: the parlour, the street, the print shop. - -Of Smith’s reign in the Print Room not much can be gathered. He was -much liked and respected by those who consulted him in his department. -We are told that he was kind to young artists of promise, and gently -candid to those of no promise. His recollections and anecdotes were the -delight of his visitors, one of whom has left us a racy specimen of his -flow of humour and gossip. I refer to the following passage of Boswellian -reminiscence, appended to the second and third edition, of the RAINY DAY. - - “His two old friends, Mr. Packer, who had been a partner in - Combe’s brewery, and Colonel Phillips, who had accompanied - Captain Cooke in one of his voyages round the world, were - constant attendants in the Print Room, and contributed towards - the general amusement. Of the former of these gentlemen, who - died in 1828, at the advanced age of ninety, Mr. Smith used - to tell a remarkable story, which we are rather surprised not - to find recorded in his Reminiscences. It was our fortune to - be the first to communicate to Mr. Smith the fact of his old - friend’s decease, and that he had bequeathed to him a legacy - of £100. ‘Ah, Sir!’ he said, in a very solemn manner, after a - long pause, ‘poor fellow, he pined to death on account of a - rash promise of marriage he had made.’ We humbly ventured to - express our doubts, having seen him not long before looking - not only very un-Romeo like, but very hale and hearty; and - besides, we begged to suggest that other reasons might be given - for the decease of a respectable gentleman of ninety. ‘No, - Sir,’ said Mr. Smith; ‘what I tell you is the fact, and _sit - ye down, and I’ll tell ye the whole story_. Many years ago, - when Mr. Packer was a young man employed in the brew-house in - which he afterwards became a partner, he courted, and promised - marriage to, a worthy young woman in his own sphere of life. - But, as his circumstances improved, he raised his ideas, and, - not to make a long story of it, married another woman with a - good deal of money. The injured fair one was indignant, but, - as she had no written promise to show, was, after some violent - scenes, obliged to put up with a verbal assurance that she - should be the next Mrs. Packer. After a few years the first - Mrs. P. died, and she then claimed the fulfilment of his - promise, but was again deceived in the same way, and obliged - to put up with a similar pledge. A _second_ time he became a - widower, and a _third_ time he deceived his unfortunate _first_ - love, who, indignant and furious beyond measure, threatened all - sorts of violent proceedings. To pacify her, Mr. P. gave her - a written promise that, if a widower, he would marry her when - he attained the age of one hundred years! Now he had lost his - last wife some time since, and every time he came to see me at - the Museum, he fretted and fumed because he should be obliged - to marry that awful woman at last. This could not go on long, - and, as you tell me, he has just dropped off. If it hadn’t been - for this, he would have lived as long as Old Parr. And now,’ - finished Mr. Smith, with the utmost solemnity, ‘let this be a - warning to you. Don’t make rash promises to women; but if you - will do so, _don’t make them in writing_.’” - -Had John Thomas Smith been granted the scriptural span of life, he might -have read the _Pickwick Papers_. But the implacable call came in March -1833, and he left various enterprises unfinished. He had collected the -materials for a gossipping history of Covent Garden; these have never -been edited. The well-known _Antiquarian Rambles in the Streets of -London_, published in 1846, originated in Smith’s notes, but four-fifths -of the book was certainly written by its editor, Dr. Charles Mackay. - -The book from which Smith has his sobriquet was published in 1845. _A -Book for a Rainy Day_ places its author in that line of London’s watchful -lovers which began with John Stow and has not ended with Sir Walter -Besant. Now, when London’s streets are changing as they have not changed -since the Great Fire, he lies in that bare field of the dead behind the -Bayswater Road, where, on the grave of a greater writer, you read the -words, “Alas! poor Yorick.” - - W. W. - - - - -A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY - - -The Reader is requested to keep in mind that those events which I relate -of myself when “mewling in my nurse’s arms,” and until my fourth year, -were communicated to me by my parents, and that my statements from that -period are mostly from my own memory;--Miranda proved to Prospero that -she recollected an event in her fourth year. - - -1766. - -My father informed me, that in the evening of the 23rd of June 1766, -which must have been much about the time when Marylebone Gardens echoed -the melodious notes of Tommy Lowe,[2] and whilst there was _The Devil -to Pay_ at Richmond with Mr. and Mrs. Love,[3] my mother, on returning -from a visit to her brother, Mr. Edward Tarr,[4] became so seriously -indisposed, that she most strenuously requested him to allow her to -return home in a hackney coach, whilst he went to Jermyn Street for Dr. -Hunter.[5] Upon that gentleman’s arrival at my father’s door, No. 7, in -Great Portland Street,[6] Marylebone, he assisted the nurse in conveying -my mother and myself to her chamber. Although I dare not presume to -suppose that the vehicle in which I was born had been the equipage of -the great John Duke of Marlborough, or Sarah his Duchess, at all events -I probably may be correct in the conjecture that the hack was in some -degree similar to those introduced by Kip, in his Plates for Strype’s -edition of Stowe.[7] - -Hackney chairs were then so numerous, that their stands extended round -Covent Garden, and often down the adjacent streets;[8] these vehicles -frequently enabled physicians to approach their patients in a warm state. -The forms of those to which I allude are also given in Kip’s prints above -mentioned; and who knows but that they, in their turn, have conveyed -Voltaire from the theatre to his lodging in Maiden Lane?[9] - -That sedans were of ancient use I make no doubt, as I find one introduced -in Sir George Staunton’s Embassy to China.[10] Pliny has stated that -his uncle was much accustomed to be carried abroad in a chair.[11] -My parents, after a fireside debate, agreed that I should have two -Christian names: John, after my grandfather, a Shropshire clothier, whose -bust, modelled by my father, was one of the first publicly exhibited by -the Associated Artists in 1763, before the establishment of the Royal -Academy;[12] and Thomas, to the honour of our family, in remembrance of -my great-uncle, Admiral Smith, better known under the appellation of “Tom -of Ten Thousand,”[13] of whom I have a spirited half-length portrait, -painted by the celebrated Richard Wilson, the landscape painter, previous -to his visiting Rome, when he resided in the apartments on the north -side of Covent Garden, which had been occupied first by Sir Peter Lely, -and afterwards by Sir Godfrey Kneller.[14] From this picture there is an -excellent engraving in mezzotinto, by Faber. - -I have heard my mother relate, that when at Greenwich this year for the -benefit of her health, an aged pie and cheesecake woman lived there, who -was accompanied through the town by a goose, who regularly stopped at her -customer’s door, and commenced a loud cackling; but that whenever the -words “Not to-day” were uttered, off it waddled to the next house, and so -on till the business of the day was ended. My mother also remarked, that -when ladies walked out, they carried nosegays in their hands, and wore -three immense lace ruffle cuffs on each elbow.[15] - -In the month of March, this year, died Mary Mogg, at Oakingham, the woman -who gave rise to Gay’s celebrated ballad of “Molly Mogg.”[16] - -In all ages there has been a fashion in amusements, as well as in dress: -grottoes, which were numerous round London, appear by the advertisements -to have been places of great resort, but above all Finch’s, in St. -George’s Fields, was the favourite. The following is a copy of one of the -musical announcements:-- - - “6th of May, 1766. - - “MR. HOUGHTON AND MR. MITCHELL’S NIGHT. - - “AT FINCH’S GROTTO Garden, This Day, will be performed a - Concert of VOCAL and INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC. SINGING as usual. - - “N.B. For that Night only, the Band will be enlarged. - Tickets to be had at the Bar of the Gardens. Admittance One - Shilling.”[17] - - -1767. - -Being frequently thrown into my cradle by the servant, as a cross little -brat, the care of my tender mother induced her to purchase one of Mr. -Burchell’s anodyne necklaces, so strongly recommended by two eminent -physicians, Dr. Tanner, the inventor, and Dr. Chamberlen, to whom he had -communicated the prescription; and it was agreed by most of my mother’s -gossiping friends, that the effluvia arising from it when warm acted in -so friendly a manner, that my fevered gums were considerably relieved.[18] - -Go-carts, the old appendages of our nurseries, continuing in use, I was -occasionally placed in one; and as its advantages have been noticed in -my work entitled _Nollekens and his Times_, I shall now only refer the -reader for its form to Number 186 of “Rembrandt’s Etchings;”[19] that -being similar, as my father informed me, to those used in London in my -infantine days.[20] - -The cradle having of late years been in a great degree superseded by what -is called a cot,[21] and its shape not being remarkable, I shall for a -moment beg leave to deal in a foreign market, in order to gratify the -indefatigable organ of inquisitiveness of some of my readers, who may -wish to know in what sort of cradle Stratford’s sweet Willy slumbered. -Possibly it might in some respects have accorded with the representation -of one in a small plate by Israel Von Meckenen,[22] and this conjecture -is not improbable, as that plate was engraved about the sixteenth -century; and it is well known that in most articles of furniture, as -well as dress, we had long borrowed from our continental neighbours, -whether good, bad, or indifferent. It gives me great pleasure to observe -that, owing to the vast improvements made by our draughtsmen for English -upholsterers, in every article of domestic decorative furniture, England -has now little occasion to borrow from other nations. - -[Illustration: NANCY DAWSON - - “See how she comes to give surprise - With joy and pleasure in her eyes.” - -_Old Song, “Nancy Dawson”_] - -Nancy Dawson, the famous hornpipe dancer, died this year, May 27th, at -Hampstead; she was buried behind the Foundling Hospital, in the ground -belonging to St. George the Martyr, where there is a tombstone to her -memory, simply stating, “Here lies Nancy Dawson.” Every verse of a song -in praise of her, declares the poet to be dying for Nancy Dawson; and -its tune, which many of my readers must recollect, is, in my opinion, -as lively as that of “Sir Roger de Coverley.” I have been informed that -Nancy, when a girl, set up the skittles at a tavern in High Street, -Marylebone.[23] Sir William Musgrave, in his _Adversaria_ (No. 5719), in -the British Museum, says that “Nancy Dawson was the wife of a publican -near Kelso, on the borders of Scotland.”[24] - - -1768. - -At the age when most children place things on their heads and cry “Hot -pies!” I displayed a black pudding upon mine, which my mother, careful -soul, had provided for its protection in case I should fall. This is -another article mentioned in _Nollekens and his Times_; and having there -stated that Rubens, in a picture at Blenheim, had painted one on the head -of a son of his, walking with his wife Elenor,[25] and as the mothers of -future days may wish to know its shape, I beg to inform them that there -is an engraving of it by MacArdell. But as the receipt for a pet pudding -would be of little use to the maker were one ingredient omitted, it would -be equally difficult to produce a similar black pudding to mine, were I -not to state that it was made of a long narrow piece of black silk or -satin, padded with wadding, and then formed to the head according to the -taste of the parent, or similar to that of little Rubens.[26] - -In this year the Royal Academy was founded, consisting of members who -had agreed to withdraw themselves from various clubs, not only in order -to be more select as to talent, but perfectly correct as to gentlemanly -conduct. It would have been a valuable acquisition to the History of -the Fine Arts in England, had Mr. Howard favoured us with the Rise and -Progress of the Royal Academy.[27] - -Perhaps no one could have been more talked of than Mr. Wilkes, -particularly on May 10th, when a riot took place on account of his -imprisonment.[28] His popularity was carried to so great an extent, that -his friends in all classes displayed some article on which his effigy was -portrayed, such as salad or punch bowls, ale or milk jugs, plate, dishes, -and even heads of canes. The squib engravings of him, published from the -commencement of his notoriety to his silent state when Chamberlain of -London, would extend to several volumes. Hogarth’s portrait of him, which -by the collectors was considered a caricature, my father recommended as -the best likeness. - -The following memoranda respecting Henry Fuseli, R.A., are extracted from -the Mitchell Manuscripts in the British Museum. The letter is from Mr. -Murdock, of Hampstead, to a friend at Berlin, dated Hampstead, 12th June -1764:-- - -“I like Fuseli very much; he comes out to see us at times, and is just -now gone from this with your letter to A. Ramsay, and another from me. He -is of himself disposed to all possible economy; but to be decently lodged -and fed, in a decent family, cannot be for less than three shillings a -day, which he pays. He might, according to Miller’s wish, live a little -cheaper; but then he must have been lodged in some garret, where nobody -could have found their way, and must have been thrown into ale-houses -and eating-houses, with company every way unsuitable, or, indeed, -insupportable to a stranger of any taste; especially as the common people -are of late brutalised. - -“Some time hence, I hope, he may do something for himself; his talent at -grouping figures, and his faculty of execution, being really surprising.” - -In the same volume, in a letter dated Hampstead, 12th Jan. 1768, the same -writer says to the same friend-- - -“Fuseli goes to Italy next spring, by the advice of Reynolds (our -Apelles), who has a high opinion of his genius, and sees what is wanting -to make him a first-rate.”[29] - -[Illustration: R.A.’S REFLECTING ON THE TRUE LINE OF BEAUTY AT THE LIFE -ACADEMY, SOMERSET HOUSE.] - -In another, dated Hampstead, 13th December 1768: “Fuseli is still here; -but proposes to set out for Italy as soon as his friends can secure to -him fifty pounds yearly, for a few years. Dr. Armstrong,[30] who admires -his genius, has taxed himself at ten pounds, and has taken us in for as -much more; and indeed it were shameful that such talents should be sunk -for want of a little pecuniary aid.” - -The ladies this year wore half a flat hat as an eye-shade. - - -1769. - -Lord North, in a letter addressed to Sir Eardley Wilmot from Downing -Street, bearing date this year, April 1st, says-- - - “My friend Colonel Luttrell having informed me that many - persons depending upon the Court of Common Pleas are - freeholders of Middlesex, etc., not having the honour of being - acquainted with you himself, desires me to apply to you for - your interest with your friends in his behalf. It is manifest - how much it is for the honour of Parliament, and the quiet - of this country in future times, that Mr. Wilkes should have - an antagonist at the next Brentford election; and that his - antagonist should meet with a respectable support. The state of - the country has been examined, and there is the greatest reason - to believe that the Colonel will have a very considerable show - of legal votes, nay, even a majority, if his friends are not - deterred from appearing at the poll. It is the game of Mr. - Wilkes and his friends to increase those alarms, but they - cannot frighten the _candidate_ from his purpose; and I am very - confident that the voters will run no risk. I hope, therefore, - you will excuse this application. There is nothing, I imagine, - that every true friend of this country must wish more than to - see Mr. Wilkes disappointed in his projects; and nothing, I am - convinced, will defeat them more effectually, than to fill up - the vacant seat for Middlesex, especially if it can be done for - a fair majority of legal votes. - - “I am, Sir, with the greatest truth and respect, your most - faithful, humble servant, - - “NORTH.” - -The Judge, in his answer, dated on the following day, observed, “It would -be highly improper for me to interfere in any shape in that election.” -(See the Wilmot Letters, in the British Museum.)[31] - -This year ladies continued to walk with fans in their hands. - - -1770. - -Most of the citizens who had saved money were very fond of retiring -to some country-house, at a short distance from the Metropolis, and -more particularly to Islington, that being a selected and favourite -spot. Charles Bretherton, Jun., made an etching, from a drawing by -Mr. Bunbury,[32] of a Londoner, of the above description, whose -waistcoat-pockets were large enough to convey a couple of fowls from a -City feast home to his family. The print is entitled, “The Delights of -Islington,” and bears the following inscription at the top:-- - - WHEREAS my new Pagoda has been clandestinely carried off, and a - new pair of Dolphins taken from the top of the Gazebo, by some - Bloodthirsty Villains; and whereas a great deal timber has been - cut down and carried away from the Old Grove, that was planted - last Spring, and Pluto and Proserpine thrown into my Basin: - from henceforth, Steel Traps and spring guns will be constantly - set for the better extirpation of such a nest of villains, - - By me, JEREMIAH SAGO. - -[Illustration: “THE DELIGHTS OF ISLINGTON”] - -On a garden notice-board, in another print, also after Bunbury, published -at the same time, is inscribed, - - THE NEW PARADISE. - - No Gentlemen or Ladies to be admitted with nails in their - shoes.[33] - -For the information of the collectors of Bunbury’s prints, I beg to -state that there is in Mrs. Banks’s collection of visiting cards, etc., -in the British Museum, a small etching said to have been his very first -attempt when at Westminster School. It represents a fellow riding a hog, -brandishing a birch-broom by way of a baster, with another at a short -distance, hallooing. - -As Mr. Walpole is silent as to Jonathan Richardson’s place of interment, -the biographical collector will find the following inscription in the -burial-ground behind the Foundling Hospital, belonging to the parish of -St. George the Martyr:-- - - Elizabeth Richardson, - Died 24th Dec. 1767, - Aged 74 years. - Jonathan Richardson, - Died 10th June, 1771, - Aged 77; both of this parish.[34] - - -1771. - -The gaiety during the merry month of May was to me most delightful; my -feet, though I knew nothing of the positions, kept pace with those of the -blooming milkmaids, who danced round their garlands of massive plate, -hired from the silversmiths to the amount of several hundreds of pounds, -for the purpose of placing round an obelisk, covered with silk fixed upon -a chairman’s horse. The most showy flowers of the season were arranged -so as to fill up the openings between the dishes, plates, butter-boats, -cream-jugs, and tankards. This obelisk was carried by two chairmen in -gold-laced hats, six or more handsome milkmaids in pink and blue gowns, -drawn through the pocket-holes, for they had one on either side: yellow -or scarlet petticoats, neatly quilted, high-heeled shoes, mob-caps, with -lappets of lace resting on their shoulders; nosegays in their bosoms, -and flat Woffington hats, covered with ribbons of every colour. But what -crowned the whole of the display was a magnificent silver tea-urn which -surmounted the obelisk, the stand of which was profusely decorated with -scarlet tulips. A smart, slender fellow of a fiddler, commonly wearing -a sky-blue coat, with his hat profusely covered with ribbons, attended; -and the master of the group was accompanied by a constable, to protect -the plate from too close a pressure of the crowd, when the maids danced -before the doors of his customers.[35] - -One of the subjects selected by Mr. Jonathan Tyers, for the artists who -decorated the boxes for supper-parties in Vauxhall Gardens,[36] was that -of Milkmaids on May-day. In that picture (which, with the rest painted -by Hayman and his pupils, has lately disappeared) the garland of plate -was carried by a man on his head; and the milkmaids, who danced to the -music of a wooden-legged fiddler, were extremely elegant. They had -ruffled cuffs, and their gowns were not drawn through their pocket-holes -as in my time; their hats were flat, and not unlike that worn by Peg -Woffington, but bore a nearer shape to those now in use by some of the -fish-women at Billingsgate. In Captain M. Laroon’s _Cries of London_, -published by Tempest, there is a female entitled “A Merry Milkmaid.”[37] -She is dancing with a small garland of plate upon her head; and from her -dress I conclude that the Captain either made his drawing in the latter -part of King William III.’s reign, or at the commencement of that of -Queen Anne. - - -1772. - -My dear mother’s declining state of health urged my father to consult Dr. -Armstrong,[38] who recommended her to rise early and take milk at the -cowhouse. I was her companion then; and I well remember that, after we -had passed Portland Chapel, there were fields all the way on either side. -The highway was irregular, with here and there a bank of separation; -and that when we had crossed the New Road, there was a turnstile (called -in an early plan, which I have seen since, “The White House”), at the -entrance of a meadow leading to a little old public-house, the sign of -the “Queen’s Head and Artichoke”: it was much weather-beaten, though -perhaps once a tolerably good portrait of Queen Elizabeth. The house was -reported to have been kept by one of Her Majesty’s gardeners.[39] - -A little beyond a nest of small houses contiguous, was another turnstile -opening also into fields, over which we walked to the Jew’s Harp House, -Tavern and Tea Gardens.[40] It consisted of a large upper room, ascended -by an outside staircase, for the accommodation of the company on ball -nights; and in this room large parties dined. At the south front of -these premises was a large semicircular enclosure with boxes for tea and -ale drinkers, guarded by deal-board soldiers between every box, painted -in proper colours. In the centre of this opening were tables and seats -placed for the smokers. On the eastern side of the house there was a -trapball-ground; the western side served for a tennis-hall; there were -also public and private skittle-grounds. Behind this tavern were several -small tenements, with a pretty good portion of ground to each. On the -south of the tea-gardens a number of summer-houses and gardens, fitted up -in the truest Cockney taste; for on many of these castellated edifices -wooden cannons were placed; and at the entrance of each domain, of about -the twentieth part of an acre, the old inscription of “Steel-traps and -spring-guns _all over_ these grounds,” with an “N.B. Dogs trespassing -will be shot.” - -In these rural retreats the tenant was usually seen on Sunday evening -in a bright scarlet waistcoat, ruffled shirt, and silver shoe-buckles, -comfortably taking his tea with his family, honouring a Seven-Dial friend -with a nod on his peregrination to the famed Wells of Kilburn. Willan’s -farm,[41] the extent of my mother’s walk, stood at about a quarter of a -mile south; and I remember that the room in which she sat to take the -milk was called “Queen Elizabeth’s Kitchen,” and that there was some -stained glass in the windows. - -On our return we crossed the New Road; and, after passing the back of -Marylebone Gardens,[42] entered London immediately behind the elegant -mansions on the north side of Cavendish Square. This Square was enclosed -by a dwarf brick wall, surmounted by heavy wooden railing. Harley Fields -had for years been resorted to by thousands of people, to hear the -celebrated Mr. George Whitefield, whose wish, like that of Wesley, when -preaching on execution days at Kennington Common, was to catch the ears -of the idlers. I should have noticed Kendall’s farm,[43] which in 1746 -belonged to a farmer of the name of Bilson, a pretty large one, where I -have seen eight or ten immense hay-ricks all on a row; it stood on the -site of the commencement of the present Osnaburg Street, nearly opposite -the “Green Man,” originally called the “Farthing Pie House.”[44] - -[Illustration: “SING _TANTARARA_--VAUXHALL! VAUXHALL!”] - -To the honour of our climate, which is often abused, perhaps no country -can produce instances of longevity equal to those of England of this -year, viz.:--at 100, 2; 101, 5; 102, 6; 103, 3; 105, 4; 106, 3; 107, 4; -108, 5; 109, 4; 110, 2; 111, 2; 112, 3; 114, 1; 118, 1; 125, Rice, a -cooper in Southwark; 133, Mrs. Keithe, at Newnham, in Gloucestershire; -138, the widow Chun, at Ophurst, near Lichfield.[45] - - -1773. - -The “Mother Red-cap,” at Kentish Town, was a house of no small terror -to travellers in former times. This house was lately taken down, and -another inn built on its site; however, the old sign of “Mother Red-cap” -is preserved on the new building. It has been stated that Mother Red-cap -was the “Mother Damnable” of Kentish Town in early days; and that it was -at her house the notorious “Moll Cut-purse,” the highway-woman of the -time of Oliver Cromwell, dismounted and frequently lodged.[46] - -As few persons possess so retentive a memory as myself, I make no doubt -that many will be pleased with my recollections of the state of Tottenham -Court Road at this time. I shall commence at St. Giles’s churchyard, in -the northern wall of which there was a gateway of red and brown brick. -Over this gate, under its pediment, was a carved composition of the Last -Judgment, not borrowed from Michael Angelo, but from the workings of -the brain of some ship-carver.[47] This was and is still admired by the -generality of ignorant observers, as much as Mr. Charles Smith[48] the -sculptor’s “Love among the Roses” is by the well-informed; and, perhaps, -a more correct assertion was never made than that by the late worthy Rev. -James Bean,[49] when speaking of an itinerant musician, “that bad music -was as agreeable to a bad ear as that of Corelli or Pergolesi was to -persons who understood the science.” - -At this gate stood for many years an eccentric but inoffensive old man -called “Simon,” some account of whom will be found in a future page. -Nearly on the site of the new gate, in which this _basso relievo_ has -been most conspicuously placed, stood a very small old house towards -Denmark Street, tottering for several years whenever a heavy carriage -rolled through the street, to the great terror of those who were at the -time passing by. - -I must not forget to observe that I recollect the building of most of the -houses at the north end of New Compton Street (Dean Street and Compton -Street, Soho, were named in compliment to Bishop Compton, Dean of St. -Paul’s, who held the living of St. Anne), and I also remember a row of -six small almshouses, surrounded by a dwarf brick wall, standing in the -middle of High Street.[50] - -On the left-hand of High Street, passing on to Tottenham Court Road, -there were four handsomely finished brick houses, with grotesque masks -on the key-stones above the first-floor windows, probably erected in -the reign of Queen Anne. These houses have lately been rebuilt without -the masks; fortunately my reader may be gratified with a sight of such -ornaments in Queen Square, Westminster.[51] There is a set of engravings -of masks, of a small quarto size, considered as the designs of Michael -Angelo; and in the sale of Mr. Moser, the first keeper of the Royal -Academy, which took place at Hutchinson’s in 1783, were several plaster -casts, considered to be taken from models by him. The next object of -notoriety is a large circular boundary stone, let into the pavement in -the middle of the highway, exactly where Oxford Street and Tottenham -Court Road meet in a right angle. When the charity boys of St. Giles’s -parish walk the boundaries, those who have deserved flogging are whipped -at this stone, in order that, as they grow up, they may remember the -place, and be competent to give evidence should any dispute arise with -the adjoining parishes. Near this stone stood St. Giles’s Pound.[52] -Two old houses stood near this spot on the eastern side of the street, -where the entrance gates of Meux’s brewery have been erected: between the -second-floor windows of one of them the following inscription was cut in -stone: “Opposite this house stood St. Giles’s Pound.” This spot has been -rendered popular by a song, attributed to the pen of a Mr. Thompson, an -actor of the Drury Lane Company: - - “On Newgate steps Jack Chance was found, - Bred up near St. Giles’s Pound.”[53] - -The ground behind the north-west end of Russell Street was occupied by a -farm occupied by two old maiden sisters of the name of Capper. They wore -riding-habits, and men’s hats; one rode an old grey mare, and it was her -spiteful delight to ride with a large pair of shears after boys who were -flying their kites, purposely to cut their strings; the other sister’s -business was to seize the clothes of the lads who trespassed on their -premises to bathe.[54] - -From Capper’s farm were several straggling houses; but the principal part -of the ground to the “King’s Head,” at the end of the road, was unbuilt -upon. The “Old King’s Head” forms a side object in Hogarth’s beautiful -and celebrated picture of the “March to Finchley,” which may be seen with -other fine specimens of art in the Foundling Hospital, for the charitable -donation of one shilling. - -I shall now recommence on the left-hand side of the road, noticing that -on the front of the first house, No. 1, in Oxford Street, near the -second-floor windows, is the following inscription cut in stone: OXFORD -STREET, 1725. In Aggas’s plan of London, engraved in the beginning of the -reign of Queen Elizabeth, the commencement of this street is designated -“The Waye to Uxbridge”; farther on in the same plan the highway is called -“Oxford Road.” Hanway Street, better known by the vulgar people under -the name of HANOVER YARD, was at this time the resort of the highest -fashion for mercery and other articles of dress. The public-house, the -sign of the “Blue Posts,” at the corner of Hanway Street, in Tottenham -Court Road, was once kept by a man of the name of Sturges, deep in the -knowledge of chess, upon which game he published a little work, as is -acknowledged on his tombstone in St. James’s burial-ground, Hampstead -Road.[55] From the “Blue Posts” the houses were irregularly built to a -large space called Gresse’s Gardens, thence to Windmill Street, strongly -recommended by physicians for the salubrity of the air. The premises -occupied by the French charity children were held by the founders of the -Middlesex Hospital, which were established in 1755, where the patients -remained until the present building was erected in Charles Street. -Colvill Court, parallel with Windmill Street northward, was built in -1766; and Goodge Street,[56] farther on, was, I conjecture, erected -much about the same time. Mr. Whitefield’s chapel was built in 1754, -upon the site of an immense pond, called THE LITTLE SEA. This pond, so -called, is inserted in Pine and Tinney’s plan of London, published in -1742, and also in the large one issued by the same persons in 1746.[57] -Beyond the chapel[58] the four dwellings, then called “Paradise Row,” -almost terminated the houses on that side. A turnstile opened into -Crab-tree Fields.[59] They extended to the “Adam and Eve” public-house, -the original appearance of which Hogarth has also introduced into his -picture of the “March to Finchley.” It was at this house that the famous -pugilistic skill of Broughton and Slack was publicly exhibited, upon an -uncovered stage, in a yard open to the North Road.[60] - -[Illustration: GEORGE WHITEFIELD - -“Fain would I die preaching.”] - -The rare and beautiful etching of the before-mentioned picture by Hogarth -was the production of Luke Sullivan,[61] a native of Ireland, but how -he acquired his knowledge of art I have not been able to learn; most -probably he was of Dame Nature’s school, where pupils can be taught -gratis the whole twenty-four hours of every day as long as the world -lasts. Sullivan’s talents were not confined to the art of engraving; -he was, in my humble opinion, the most extraordinary of all miniature -painters. I have three or four of his productions, one of which was so -particularly fine, that I could almost say I have it on my retina at -this moment. It was the portrait of a most lovely woman as to features, -flesh, and blood. She was dressed in a pale green silk gown, lapelled -with straw-coloured satin; and in order to keep up a sweetness of tone, -the artist had placed primroses in her stomacher; the sky was of a warm -green, which blended harmoniously with the carnations of her complexion; -her hair was jet, and her necklace of pearls. - -Lord Orford, whose early attachment to the sleepy-eyed beauties of King -Charles II.’s Court, and those with the lascivious leer of that of Louis -XIV., as may be inferred by their numerous portraits in the cabinets at -Strawberry Hill, would no doubt have preferred his favourites, Cooper -and Petitot--names eternally, and many times unjustly, extolled by the -admirers of their works to the injury of our artists, whose talents -equal, if not surpass, those of every country put together, in, I think -I may say, every branch of the fine arts. Upon this too general opinion -of the pre-eminence of Petitot, I have now and then had a battle with Mr. -Paul Fischer, the miniature painter, who certainly has produced some most -highly finished and excellent likenesses of the Royal Family and several -persons of fashion, particularly of King George IV. and Sir Wathen -Waller, Bart.[62] - -Notwithstanding Tottenham Court Road was so infested by the lowest order, -who kept what they called a Gooseberry Fair,[63] it was famous at certain -times of the year, particularly in summer, for its booths of regular -theatrical performers, who deserted the empty benches of Drury Lane -Theatre, under the mismanagement of Mr. Fleetwood,[64] and condescended -to admit the audience at sixpence each. Mr. Yates, and several other -eminent performers, had their names painted on their booths. - -The whole of the ground north from Capper’s farm, at the back of the -British Museum, so often mentioned as being frequented by duellists, was -in irregular patches, many fields with turnstiles. The pipes of the New -River Company were propped up in several parts to the height of six and -eight feet, so that persons walked under them to gather watercresses, -which grew in great abundance and perfection, or to visit the “Brothers’ -Steps,” well known to the Londoners. Of these steps there are many -traditionary stories; the one generally believed is, that two brothers -were in love with a lady, who would not declare a preference for either, -but coolly sat upon a bank to witness the termination of a duel, which -proved fatal to both. The bank, it is said, on which she sat, and the -footmarks of the brothers when pacing the ground, never produced grass -again. The fact is that these steps were so often trodden that it was -impossible for the grass to grow. I have frequently passed over them; -they were in a field on the site of Mr. Martin’s chapel, or very nearly -so, and not on the spot as communicated to Miss Porter, who has written -an entertaining novel on the subject.[65] - -Aubrey, in his _Miscellanies_, states: “The last summer, on the day of -St. John Baptist (1694), I accidentally was walking in the pasture behind -Montague House; it was twelve o’clock. I saw there about two or three and -twenty young women, most of them well habited, on their knees very busie, -as if they had been weeding. I could not presently learn what the matter -was; at last a young man told me that they were looking for a coal under -the root of a plantain to put under their heads that night, and they -should dream who would be their husbands. It was to be found that day and -hour.”[66] - -[Illustration: JOHN RANN - -“Sixteen String Jack.”] - - -1774. - -I well remember when, in my eighth year, my father’s playfellow, Mr. -Joseph Nollekens, leading me by the hand to the end of John Street, to -see the notorious terror of the king’s highways, John Rann, commonly -called Sixteen-string Jack, on his way to execution at Tyburn, for -robbing Dr. Bell, Chaplain to the Princess Amelia, in Gunnesbury Lane. -The Doctor died a Prebendary of Westminster. It was pretty generally -reported that the sixteen strings worn by this freebooter at his -knees were in allusion to the number of times he had been acquitted. -Fortunately for the Boswell illustrators, there is an etched portrait -of him; for, be it known, thief as he was, he had the honour of being -recorded by Dr. Johnson.[67] Rann was a smart fellow, a great favourite -with a certain description of _ladies_, and had been coachman to Lord -Sandwich, when his Lordship resided in the south-east corner-house of -Bedford Row. The malefactor’s coat was a bright pea-green; he had an -immense nosegay, which he had received from the hand of one of the frail -sisterhood, whose practice it was in those days to present flowers to -their favourites from the steps of St. Sepulchre’s church, as the -last token of what they called their attachment to the condemned,[68] -whose worldly accounts were generally brought to a close at Tyburn, in -consequence of their associating with abandoned characters. On our return -home, Mr. Nollekens, stooping close to my ear, assured me that, had his -father-in-law, Mr. Justice Welch, been high constable, we could have -walked all the way to Tyburn by the side of the cart.[69] - -At this time houses in High Street, Marylebone, particularly on the -western side, continued to be inhabited by families who kept their -coaches, and who considered themselves as living in the country, and -perhaps their family affairs were as well known as they could have been -had they resided at Kilburn.[70] In Marylebone, great and wealthy people -of former days could hardly stir an inch without being noticed; indeed, -so lately as the year 1728, the _Daily Journal_ assured the public that -“many persons arrived in London from their country-houses in Marylebone”; -and the same publication, dated October 15th, conveys the following -intelligence:-- - -“The Right Hon. Sir Robert Walpole comes to town this day from Chelsea.” - -The following lines were inserted by the late Sir William Musgrave, in -his _Adversaria_ (No. 5721):-- - - “Sir Robert Walpole in great haste - Cryed, ‘Where’s my fellow gone?’ - It was answered by a man of taste, - ‘Your fellow, Sir, there’s none.’” - -One Sunday morning my mother allowed me, before we entered the little -church[71] in High Street, Marylebone, to stand to see the young -gentlemen of Mr. Fountayne’s boarding-school cross the road, while the -bell was chiming for sacred duties. I remember well a summer’s sun shone -with full refulgence at the time, and my youthful eyes were dazzled with -the various colours of the dresses of the youths, who walked two and -two, some in pea-green, others sky-blue, and several in the brightest -scarlet; many of them wore gold-laced hats, while the flowing locks of -others, at that time allowed to remain uncut at schools, fell over -their shoulders. To the best of my recollection, the scholars amounted -to about one hundred. As the pleasurable and often idle scenes of my -schoolboy days are pictured upon my retina whenever Crouch End, or the -name of my venerable master, Norton,[72] are mentioned, and as others may -feel similar delight with respect to the places at which they received -their early education, I shall endeavour to gratify a few of my readers -by a description of the house and playground of Mr. Fountayne’s academy. -For this purpose it may not be irrelevant to notice something of the -antiquity of that once splendid mansion, in which so many persons have -passed their early and innocent hours. - -Topographers who mention Marylebone Park inform us that foreign -ambassadors were in the time of Queen Elizabeth and James I. amused there -by hunting, and that the oldest parts of this school were the remains of -the palace in which they were entertained. The earliest topographical -representation which I am enabled to instance, is a drawing made by -Joslin, dated 1700, formerly in the possession of his Grace the Duke -of Buckingham, of which I published an etching. It comprehends the -field-gate and palace, its surrounding walls and adjacent buildings in -Marylebone to the south-west, including a large mansion, which in all -probability had been Oxford House, the grand receptacle of the Harleian -Library. Fortune, I am sorry to say, has not favoured me with the power -of continuing the declining history of the palace to the period at which -it became an academy, nor can I discover the time in which Monsieur de -la Place first occupied it.[73] A daughter of De la Place married the -Rev. Mr. Fountayne,[74] whose name the school retained until its final -demolition in 1791, at which period I remember seeing the large stone -balls taken from the brick piers of the gates. - -Of this house, when a school, I recollect a miserably executed plate -by Roberts, probably for some magazine; there is also a quarto plate -displaying a knowledge in perspective, engraved by G. T. Parkyns, from -a drawing by J. C. Barrow;[75] but the most interesting, and I must -consider the most correct, are four drawings made by Michael Angelo -Rooker,[76] formerly in my possession, but now in the illustrated copy -of Pennant’s _London_ in the British Museum.[77] These have enabled me -to insert the following description of a few parts of the mansion. -The first drawing is a view of the principal and original front of the -palace, or manor-house, with other buildings open to the playground; -it was immediately within the wall on the east side of the road, then -standing upon the site of the present Devonshire Mews. This house -consisted of an immense body and two wings, a projecting porch in -the front, and an enormously deep dormer roof, supported by numerous -cantilevers, in the centre of which there was, within a very bold -pediment, a shield surmounted by foliage with labels below it. The second -drawing exhibits the back, or garden front, which consisted of a flat -face with a bay window at each end, glazed in quarries;[78] the wall of -the back front terminated with five gables. In the midst of some shrubs -stands a tall, lusty gentleman dressed in black, with a white Busby-wig -and a three-cornered hat, possibly intended for the figure of the Rev. -Mr. Fountayne, as he is directing the gardener to distribute some plants. -The third drawing, which is taken from the hall, exhibits the grand -staircase, the first flight of which consisted of sixteen steps; the -hand-rails were supported with richly carved perforated foliage, from its -style, probably of the period of Inigo Jones. The fourth drawing consists -of the decorations of the staircase, which was tessellated. This mansion -was wholly of brick, and surmounted by a large turret containing the -clock and bell. Mr. Fountayne was noticed by Handel as well as Clarke, -the celebrated Greek scholar.[79] These gentlemen frequently indulged -in musical parties, which were attended by persons of rank and worth, as -well as fashion and folly. - -[Illustration: LONDON BEGGARS - -ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH - -John Mac Nally … “well known about Parliament Street, and the Surrey foot -of Westminster Bridge.”] - -Mrs. Fountayne was a vain, dashing woman, extremely fond of appearing -at Court, for which purpose, as was generally known, she borrowed Lady -Harrington’s jewels.[80] Indeed, her passion for display was carried -to such an extreme, that she kept her carriage, and that without the -knowledge of her husband, by the following artful manœuvre. As the -scholars were mostly sons of persons of title and large fortunes, she -professed to have many favourites, _who had behaved so well_ that she -was often tempted to take them to the play, which so pleased the parents -that they liberally reimbursed her in the coach and theatrical expenses, -though she actually obtained orders upon those occasions from her friend -Mrs. Yates, by which contrivance she was enabled to keep the vehicle in -which they were conveyed to the theatres; Mrs. Yates,[81] however, was -amply repaid for her orders by the number of tickets which Mrs. Fountayne -prevailed on the parents of the scholars to take at her benefits.[82] - -Previous to a consultation of physicians respecting the doubtful case of -a young gentleman boarder, one of Mr. Fountayne’s daughters overheard -something like the following dialogue by placing herself behind the -window hangings:--_Doctor_: “You look better.”--“Yes, sir; I now eat -suppers, and wear a double flannel jacket.” At this time the lady behind -the curtains tittered. “Hark! what noise is that?” interrogated an old -member of Warwick Lane’s far-famed college.[83] “Oh,” said another of the -faculty, “it’s only the sneezing of a cat.” After this, instead of saying -a word about magnesia, Gaskin’s powder, or oil of sweet almonds, they -resumed their conversation upon their indulgences, and finally ended with -some severe philippic upon Lord North’s administration. This occupied a -considerable portion of their time before the house-apothecary (who had -called them in) was questioned as to what he had given the patient. His -draught being perfectly consistent with the college pharmacopœia, they -all agreed that he could not do better than repeat it as often as he -thought proper; and thus the important consultation ended. - -In the hall of this house was a parrot, so aged that its few remaining -feathers were for years confined to its wrinkled skin by a flannel -jacket, which in very cold weather received an additional broadcloth -covering of the brightest scarlet, so that Poll, like the Lord Mayor, -had her scarlet days. Poll, who had been long accustomed to hear her -mistress’s general invitation to strangers who called to inquire after -the boarders, relieved her of that ceremony by uttering, as soon as they -entered, “Do pray walk into the parlour and take a glass of wine!” but -this she finally did with so little discrimination, that when a servant -came with a letter or a card for her mistress, or a fellow with a summons -from the Court of Conscience, he was greeted by the bird with equal -liberality and politeness. - -In this year the houses of the north end of Newman Street commanded -a view of the fields over hillocks of ground now occupied by Norfolk -Street,[84] and the north and east outer sides of Middlesex Hospital -garden-wall were entirely exposed. From the east end of Union Street, -where Locatelli the sculptor subsequently had his studio,[85] the ground -was very deep; and much about that spot, more to the east, stood a -cottage with a garden before it, with its front to the south. This was -kept by John Smith, one of Mr. Wilton the sculptor’s oldest labourers; -immediately behind this cottage was a rope-walk, which extended north to -a considerable distance under the shade of two magnificent rows of elms. -Here I have often seen Richard Wilson the landscape painter and Baretti -walk.[86] At the right-hand side of this rope-walk there was a pathway -on a bank, commencing from the site of the foundation of the present -workhouse, belonging to St. Paul’s, Covent Garden. This house was then -planned out, and finished in the ensuing year, according to the date on -its western front. - -The bank extended northwards to the “Farthing Pie House,” now the sign -of the “Green Man,” and was kept by a person of the name of Price, a -famous player on the salt-box.[87] Of this highly respectable publican -there is an excellent mezzotinto engraving by Jones, after a picture by -Lawranson. It commanded views of the old “Queen’s Head and Artichoke,” -the old “Jew’s-Harp House,” and the distant hills of Highgate, Hampstead, -Primrose, and Harrow. I was then in my eighth year, and frequently played -at trap-ball between the above-mentioned sombre elms. - -The south and east ends of Queen Anne[88] and Marylebone Streets were -then unbuilt, and the space consisted of fields to the west corner of -Tottenham Court Road; thence to the extreme of High Street, Marylebone -Gardens, Marylebone Bason, and another pond called Cockney-ladle.[89] - -I recollect the building of the north side of Marylebone Street, the -whole of that portion of Portland Street north of Portland Chapel, the -site of Cockney-ladle, Duke Street, Portland Place, and the greatest part -of Harley Street, Wimpole Street, and Portland Place, and Devonshire -Place when Marylebone Bason was the terror of many a mother.[90] Of -this Bason Chatelain executed a spirited etching, of a quarto size, -which is now considered by the topographical collectors a great rarity. -The carriage and principal entrance to Marylebone Gardens was in High -Street; the back entrance was from the fields, beyond which, north, -was a narrow, winding passage, with garden-palings on either side, -leading into High Street. In this passage were numerous openings into -small gardens, divided for the recreation of various cockney florists, -their wives, children, and Sunday smoking visitors. These were called -the “French Gardens,” in consequence of having been cultivated by -refugees who fled their country after the Edict of Nantes.[91] I well -remember my grandmother taking me through this passage to Marylebone -Gardens, to see the fireworks, and thinking them prodigiously grand. -As the following notices of Marylebone Gardens have given me no small -pleasure in collecting, and as they afford more information of that once -fashionable place of recreation than has hitherto been brought together, -or perhaps known to any other individual, I without hesitation offer my -gleanings[92] to the reader, chronologically arranged, commencing with -Pepys’s visit in - -1668.--“When we abroad to Marrowbone, and there walked in the garden; the -first time I ever was there, and a pretty place it is.”[93] - -1691.--Long’s bowling-green at the “Rose,” at Marylebone, half a mile -distant from London, is mentioned in the _London Gazette_, January 11.[94] - -1718.--“This is to give notice to all persons of quality, ladies -and gentlemen, that there having been illuminations in Marybone -bowling-greens on his Majesty’s birthday every year since his happy -accession to the throne; the same is (for this time) put off till Monday -next, and will be performed, with a _consort_ of musick, in the middle -green, by reason there is a Ball in the gardens at Kensington with -illuminations, and at Richmond also.” (See the _Daily Courant_, Thursday, -May 29.) - -1738-9.--Mr. Gough enlarged the gardens, built an orchestra, and issued -silver tickets at 12s. for the season, each ticket to admit two persons. -From every one without a ticket 6d. was demanded for the evening; but -afterwards, as the season advanced, the admission was 1s. for a lady and -gentleman. The gardens were open from six till ten. - -1740.--An organ, built by Bridge, was added to the band, admittance 6d. -each; but afterwards, when the new room was erected, the admission was -increased to 1s. - -1741. May 23.--A grand martial composition of music was performed by Mr. -Lampe, in honour of Admiral Vernon, for taking Carthagena. - -[Illustration: LONDON BEGGARS - -ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH - -“A silver haired man of the name of Lilly.”] - -1742.--The proprietor of the Mulberry Garden, Clerkenwell, indulged in -the following remarks upon five places of similar amusement:-- - -“_Ruckhoult_ has found one day and night’s alfresco in the week to be -inconvenient.[95] - -“_Ranelagh House_, supported by a giant, whose legs will scarcely support -him.[96] - -“_Mary le Bon Gardens_ down on their marrow-bones. - -“_New Wells_ at low water.[97] - -“_At Cuper’s_ the fire almost out.”[98] (See the _Daily Post_, July 28.) - -1743.--The holders of Marybone Garden tickets let them out at reduced -prices for the evening. Ranelagh tickets were also advertised to be had -at Old Slaughter’s Coffee-house at 1s. 3d. each, admitting two persons. -Vauxhall tickets were likewise to be had at the same place at 1s. each, -admitting two persons. (See the _Daily Advertiser_ for April 23.) - -1744.--Miss Scott was a singer, Mr. Knerler played the violin, and Mr. -Ferrand an instrument called the Pariton.[99] - -1746.--Robberies were now so frequent and the thieves so desperate, that -the proprietor of the gardens was obliged to have a guard of soldiers to -protect the company to and from London. The best plan of the gardens has -been given in Plate I. of Rocque’s Plan of London, published in 1746. - -1747.--Miss Falkner, singer;[100] Henry Rose, first violin; and Mr. -Philpot, organist.--Admittance to the garden, 6d.; to the concert, 2s. - -1748.--Miss Falkner, singer. No persons to be admitted to the balls -unless in full dress. - -1749.--It appears by the advertisements that dress-balls and concerts -were the only amusements of this year. - -1750.--Miss Falkner, Mr. Lowe, and Master Phillips, were the singers. - -1751.--John Trusler was sole proprietor of the Gardens.[101] Singers, -Miss Falkner, Master Phillips, and Master Arne. On the 30th of August -there was a ball; and as the road had been repaired, coaches drove up -to the door--a ten-and-sixpenny ticket admitted two persons. The doors -opened at nine o’clock. - -1752.--Miss Falkner and Mr. Wilder singers. - -1753.--The _Public Advertiser_ of May 25, June 20, September 10 and -24, states that the gardens were much more extensive by taking in the -bowling-green, and considerably improved by several additional walks; -that lights had been erected in the coach-way from Oxford Road, and also -on the footpath from Cavendish Square to the entrance to the gardens; -and that the fireworks were splendid beyond conception. A large sun -was exhibited at the top of a picture, a cascade, and shower of fire, -and grand _air-balloons_ (perhaps these were the first air-balloons in -England) were also most magnificently displayed; and likewise that _red_ -fire was introduced. This is the earliest instance of _Red_ fire I have -been able to meet with. Mrs. Chambers and Master Moore were singers. - -1756.--Two rooms were opened for dinner-parties. Trusler, the proprietor -of the gardens, was a cook. - -1757.--Mr. Thomas Glanville, Mr. Kear, Mr. Reinhold, and Mr. Champneys -were singers. - -1758.--The Gardens opened on May the 16th; the singers were, Signora -Saratina, Miss Glanvil, and Mr. Kear. No persons were admitted to the -ball-rooms without five-shilling tickets, which admitted a gentleman and -two ladies; and only twenty-six tickets were delivered for each night. -Mr. Trusler’s son produced the first burletta that was performed in the -Gardens; it was entitled “LA SERVA PADRONA,” for which he only received -the profits of the printed books.[102] - -1759.--The Gardens were opened for breakfasting; and Miss Trusler made -the cakes. Mr. Reinhold and Mr. Gaudrey were the singers. - -1760.--The Gardens, greatly improved, opened on Monday, May 26th, with -the usual musical entertainments. The Gardens were opened also every -Sunday evening after five o’clock, where genteel company were admitted to -walk gratis, and were accommodated with coffee, tea, cakes, etc. - -The following announcement appears in the _Daily Advertiser_ of May 6th, -this year:-- - -“Mr. Trusler’s daughter begs leave to inform the Nobility and Gentry, -that she intends to make Fruit-Tarts during the fruit Season; and -hopes to give equal satisfaction as with the rich Cakes, and Almond -Cheesecakes. The Fruit will always be fresh gathered, having great -quantities in the Garden; and none but Loaf Sugar used, and the finest -Epping Butter. Tarts of a Twelvepenny size will be made every day from -One to Three o’clock; and those who want them of larger sizes to fill a -Dish, are desired to speak for them, and send their dish or the size of -it, and the Cake shall be made to fit. - -“The Almond Cheesecakes will be always hot at one o’clock as usual; and -the rich Seed and Plum-cakes sent to any part of the town, at 2s. 6d. -each. Coffee, Tea, and Chocolate, at any time of the day; and fine Epping -Butter may also be had.”[103] - -1761.--An excellent half-sheet engraving, after a drawing made by J. -Donowell, published this year, represents Marybone Gardens, probably in -their fullest splendour. The centre of this view exhibits the longest -walk, with regular rows of young trees on either side, the stems of -which received the irons for the lamps at about the height of seven -feet from the ground. On either side this walk were latticed alcoves: -on the right hand of the walk, according to this view, stood the -bow-fronted orchestra with balustrades, supported by columns. The roof -was extended considerably over the erection, to keep the musicians and -singers free from rain. On the left hand of the walk was a room, possibly -for balls and suppers. The figures in this view are so well drawn and -characteristic of the time, that I am tempted to recommend the particular -attention of my reader to it. - -The Gardens were opened gratis this year, and the organ was played while -the company took their tea. - -1762.--The Gardens were in fine order this year, and visited by the -Cherokee Kings--admittance sixpence.[104] Mr. Trusler took care to keep -out improper company; Miss Trusler continued to make the cakes. - -1763.--The Gardens were taken by the famous Tommy Lowe,[105] who engaged -Mrs. Vincent, Mrs. Lampe, Jun., Miss Mays, Miss Hyat, Miss Catley, and -Mr. Squibb, as singers. - -August 12th, Mr. Storace had a benefit;[106] the singers were, Brother -Lowe, Miss Catley, Miss Smit, and Miss Plenius. Music. Mr. Samuel Arnold. -A large room was cleared in the great house for the brethren to dress in. - -Miss Catley’s night was on the 16th of August. Tickets were sold at Miss -Catley’s, facing the Gardens.[107] - -1764.--The Gardens opened on the 9th May; singers, Mr. Lowe, Mrs. -Vincent, Mrs. Lampe, Jun., Miss Moyse, Miss Hyat, and Mr. Squibb. Mr. -Trusler left the Gardens this year, and went to reside in Boyle Street, -where his daughter continued to make her cakes, etc. - -Mr. Lowe returned public thanks to the nobility and gentry for -patronising the Gardens. - -[Illustration: LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: MATCH BOYS - -ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH] - -This year a stop was put to tea-drinking in the Gardens on Sunday -evenings. - -Mr. Lowe offered a reward of ten guineas for the apprehension of any -highwayman found on the road to the Gardens.[108] - -1765.--This year, Mrs. Collett, Miss Davis, and Mrs. Taylor were the -singers. - -1766.--£1, 11s. 6d. was the subscription for two persons for the season. -The doors opened on the 1st of May, at six o’clock, and the Gardens -closed on the 4th of October, for the season. The principal singers -were, Tommy Lowe, Taylor, Raworth, Vincent, and Miss Davis. I have an -engraving of a Subscription Ticket, inscribed “No. 222, Marybone, admit -two, 1766.” As this ticket is adorned by two palm-branches, surmounted -with two French-horns, and has also a music book, I conclude it must -have been used on a concert night. This year an exhibition of bees took -place in the Gardens, and the public were again accommodated with tea at -eightpence per head. - -1767.--Mrs. Gibbons was a singer there this season. - -1768.--Lowe gave up the Gardens, declaring his loss in the concern to -have been considerable.[109] - -Mr. Phillips, a singer, in the announcement of his benefit this season, -states that tickets were to be had at his house, the “Ring and Pearl,” -St. Martin’s Court; and also at Young Slaughter’s Coffee-house, in St. -Martin’s Lane. The following are the titles of a few of the Marybone -Garden songs of this year:-- - - Young Colin. - Dolly’s Petition. - The Invitation. - The Rose. - The Moth. - Polly. - A Hunting Song. - Jockey--a favourite Scotch song. - Freedom is a real Treasure. - Jenny charming, but a Woman. - Oh, how vain is every Blessing. - Damon and Phillis. - -The composers of the above songs were Heron and James Hook (father of -Theodore Hook); the singers, Reynoldson, Taylor, and Miss Froud. During -the time I was collecting the titles of these and other songs, I noticed -an immense number which were dedicated to Chloe. Of this I took the -titles of no fewer than thirty-five published between the years 1724 and -1740. Why to Chloe? I have no Stephen Weston now to apply to.[110] Dibdin -tells us, when praising the good ship _Nancy_, that Nancy was his wife, -and that being the fact, accounts for the number of songs he has left us -of his “Charming Nan.”[111] - -[1769.--In this year, omitted by Smith, the Gardens were taken over -by Dr. Samuel Arnold, the musician. The years 1769-73 were their best -period.] - -1770.--On June 18th, there was a concert of vocal and instrumental -music. First violin, and a concerto, by Mr. Barthelemon; concerto organ, -Mr. Hook. The fireworks were under the direction of Signor Rossi. The -principal singers this season were, Mr. Reinhold, Mr. Bannister,[112] -Mrs. Thompson, Mrs. Barthelemon, and Master Cheney. The music by Signor -Pergolesi,[113] with alterations and additional songs by Mr. Arnold. In -July, an awning was erected in the garden for the better accommodation of -the visitors; and books of the performance were sold at the bar, price -sixpence. - -1771.--Mr. Bannister, Mrs. Thompson, Miss Catley, and the highly -respected Mrs. John Bannister (then Miss Harper) were the singers of this -year. - -1772.--This season the singers were, Mr. Bannister, Mr. Reinhold, Mrs. -Calvert, Mrs. Forbes, Mrs. Cartwright, and Mrs. Thompson. Music by Signor -Giardani,[114] Mr. Hook, and Mr. Arnold. - -For the convenience of the visitors, coaches were allowed to stand in the -field before the back entrance. Mr. Arnold was indicted at Bow Street for -the fireworks.[115] Torré, the fire-worker, divided the receipts at the -door with the proprietor. - -1773.--Proposals were issued for a subscription evening to be held every -Thursday during the summer, for which tickets were delivered to admit two -persons. The Gardens were opened for general admission three evenings in -the week only. On Thursday, May 27th, _Acis and Galatea_ was performed, -in which Mr. Bannister, Mr. Reinhold, Mr. Phillips, and Miss Wilde were -singers. Signor Torré, the fire-worker, was assisted by Monsieur Caillot -of Ranelagh Gardens. - -On Friday, September 15th, Dr. Arne conducted his celebrated catches and -glees. On the 16th of September, Mr. Clitherow was the fire-worker, for -the benefit of the waiters, who parted with their unsold tickets at the -doors of the Gardens for whatever they could get. Mr. Winston was in -possession of an impression of an admission ticket for this season. - -[Illustration: LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: IMAGES - -ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH] - -1774.--The Gardens opened on May 20th. The principal singers were, Mr. -Dubellamy, Miss Wewitzer (sister of the dramatic performer), and Miss -Trelawny. The Gardens were opened this year on Sunday evenings for -walking recreation, admittance sixpence. The receipts of one evening were -at the Town-gate £10, 7s. 6d., at the Field-gate £11, 7s.[116] This year -Signor Torré, one of the fire-workers of the Gardens, had a benefit; the -admission was 3s. 6d.[117] Signor Caillot was then also a fire-worker in -the Gardens; and I find by two shop-bills, in Miss Banks’s collection in -the British Museum, that Benjamin Clitherow and Samuel Clanfield had also -been employed as fire-workers. - -Doctor Kenrick delivered his lectures on Shakspeare in these Gardens this -year.[118] - -1775.--After frequent inquiries, and a close examination of the -newspapers of this year, I could not find any advertisement like those -of preceding times with singing and fireworks. The Gardens are thus -mentioned during the first part of the season, in the _Morning Chronicle_ -and _London Advertiser_ of Monday, May 29th:-- - - “AT MARYBONE GARDENS, - - To-morrow, the 30th instant, will be presented - - THE MODERN MAGIC LANTERN, - - “In three Parts, being an attempt at a sketch of the Times - in a variety of Caricatures, accompanied with a whimsical and - satirical Dissertation on each Character. - - By R. BADDELEY, Comedian.[119] - - “BILL OF FARE. - - EXORDIUM. - - PART THE FIRST. - - A Sergeant at Law. - Andrew Marvel, Lady Fribble. - A bilking Courtesan. - A Modern Widow. - A Modern Patriot. - A Duelling Apothecary, and - A Foreign Quack. - - PART THE SECOND. - - A Man of Consequence. - A Hackney Parson. - A Macaroni Parson. - A Hair-dresser. - A Robin Hood Orator. - Lady Tit for Tat. - An Italian Tooth-drawer - High Life in St. Giles’s. - A Jockey, and - A Jew’s Catechism. - - And Part the Third will consist of a short Magic Sketch called - - “PUNCH’S ELECTION. - - “Admittance 2s. 6d. each, Coffee or Tea included. The doors - to be opened at seven, and the Exordium to be spoken at eight - o’clock. - - “Vivant Rex et Regina.” - -At the foot of Mr. Baddeley’s subsequent bills the Gardens are announced -to be still open on a Sunday evening for company to walk in. Some of -the papers of this year declare, under Mr. Baddeley’s advertisements, -that “no person going into the Gardens with subscription tickets will be -entitled to tea or coffee.” - -The next advertisement was on Tuesday, June 20th. - - “MARYBONE GARDENS. - - This Evening will be delivered - - A LECTURE ON MIMICRY, - - BY GEORGE SAVILLE CARY.[120] - - In which will be introduced - - “A Dialogue between Small Cole and Fiddle-stick; Billy Bustle, - Jerry Dowlas, and Patent; with the characters of Jerry Sneak - in Richard the Third, Shylock in Macbeth, Juno in her Cups, - Momus in his Mugs, and the Warwickshire Lads. To conclude with - a dialogue between Billy Buckram and Aristophanes, in which - Nick Nightingal, or the Whistler of the Woods, will make his - appearance, as he was lately shown at the Theatre Royal, in the - character of a Crow. - - “Admittance 2s. 6d., coffee or tea included. - - “The Lecture will be repeated To-morrow, Thursday, and - Saturday.” - - “June 21st. - - MARYBONE GARDENS. - - This Evening will be delivered - - A LECTURE ON MIMICRY, - - by - - GEORGE SAVILLE CARY. - - “After a new Poetical Exordium, a variety of THEATRICAL - DELINEATIONS will be introduced. - - “Mr. Fiddle-stick, Mr. Small Coal, Mrs. Artichoke, Mrs. - H--l--y; Bustle the Bookseller; Mr. Patent, Mr. G----k; Jerry - Sneak, Richard III., Mr. W----; another Richard, Mr. S--th; - Shylock, in Macbeth, M--n--. - - “‘What, alas! shall Orpheus do?’ Sig. M--ll--o; ‘Juno in her - Cups,’ Miss C--t--y; ‘The Early Horn,’ Mr. M. D---- B----y; - ‘This is, Sir, a Jubilee,’ Mr. B--n--r; ‘Where, Which, and - Wherefore,’ Sig. L--at--ni; ‘Within my Breast,’ Mr. V.; ‘Sweet - Willy O,’ Mrs. B--d--y; ‘The Mulberry Tree,’ M--k--r; ‘Ye - Warwickshire Lads,’ Mr. V. and Mr. D. - - Scene in Harlequin’s Invasion, Mr. D----d, Mr. P----ns, and Mr. - B--n--by. - - Othello, Mr. B----y; Nurse, Mrs. P----t; Cymbeline, Mr. - H----st; Iachimo, Mr. P----r; Mr. Posthumous, Mr. R----h; - Pantomime, Mr. F----t and Mr. W----n.[121] - - The Doors to be opened at Seven o’clock, and to begin at Eight. - - “Admittance 2s. 6d. each, coffee or tea included. - - “The Lecture will be repeated to-morrow and Saturday next.” - - “June 23rd. - - MARYBONE GARDENS. - - “By Virtue of a Licence from the Board of Ordnance, a - - MOST MAGNIFICENT FIREWORK - - will be exhibited on Tuesday next at - - MARYBONE GARDENS, - - In honour of His Majesty’s Birthday. - - “Further particulars will be advertised on Monday next.” - -“Indeed, Sir!” is the general exclamation of a passenger in a stage -coach, whenever any one observes that he had seen Garrick perform; at -least, such an observation has fallen from many of my fellow-travellers, -when I have asserted that I had had the pleasure of seeing that great -actor. On the 25th of November, 1775, my father first took me to a play, -and it was with one of Mr. Garrick’s orders, when he performed in _The -Alchemist_.[122] - -1776.--Marylebone Gardens opened this year on the 11th of May, by -authority. The “Forge of Vulcan” was represented.[123] On the 16th of the -same month the Fantoccini was introduced; on June 3rd Breslaw exhibited -his sleight of hand, and also his company of singers, upon which occasion -handbills were publicly distributed. Admittance 2s.[124] On the 25th Mrs. -Stuart had a ball, and Signor Rebecca (well known for his productions at -the Pantheon) painted some of the transparencies.[125] - -Subscription tickets to the Gardens were issued at £1, 11s. 6d. to admit -two persons every evening of performance. The Gardens were opened on -Sunday evenings, with tea, coffee, and Ranelagh rolls. Caillot was the -fire-worker this season. - -[Illustration: THE ROYAL COCKPIT, WESTMINSTER] - -This, as well as the preceding year, was particularly famous for the -breed of Canary birds, consisting of Junks, Mealies, Turncrowns, and the -Swallow-throats. They were all “fine in feather and full in song,” and -could sing in the highest perfection many delightful strains, such as the -nightingale’s, titlark’s, and woodlark’s, by candle-light as well as day. -The breeders lived in Norwich, Colchester, Ipswich, etc. The sellers in -London were principally publicans, and those most in vogue kept the signs -of the “Queen’s Arms,” Newgate Street; the “Green Dragon,” Narrow Wall, -Lambeth; the “Crown and Horse-shoe,” Holborn; the “Wheatsheaf,” Fleet -Market; the “Marquis of Granby,” Fleet Market; the “Old George,” Little -Drury Lane; and the “Black Swan,” Brown’s Lane, Spitalfields.[126] - -It appears by the various advertisements from the numerous owners of -cockpits, that the cruel sport of cock-fighting afforded high amusement -this year to the unfeeling part of London’s inhabitants. Of the number of -cockpits half a dozen will be quite enough to be recorded on this page. - -1. The “Royal Cockpit,” in the Birdcage Walk, St. James’s Park. This -Royal Cockpit afforded Hogarth characters for one of his worst of -subjects, though best of plates. - -2. In Bainbridge Street, St. Giles’s. - -3. Near Gray’s Inn Lane. - -4. In Pickled-Egg Walk. - -5. At the New Vauxhall Gardens, in St. George’s in the East. - -6. That at the “White Horse,” Old Gravel Lane, near Hughes’s late -riding-school, at the foot of Blackfriars Bridge.[127] - -Disputes having frequently occurred as to the characters in which Garrick -last appeared, by persons not sufficiently in possession of documents -at hand to enable them to decide their controversies, I am induced to -conclude that such disputants will be pleased to see a statement of the -nights of his acting, the titles of the plays in which he performed, and -the names of the characters which he represented, as well as those of the -principal actresses who performed with him during the last year of his -appearance on the stage. The original play-bills of the time, collected -by the late Dr. Burney, now in the British Museum, have enabled me to -give this information in the following chronological order:-- - - Nights of Title of Play. Names of - Acting. Characters. - - Jan. 18. The Alchemist. Abel Drugger, Mr. Garrick. - (Doll Common, by Mrs. - Hopkins.) - - 20. The Discovery Sir Anthony Branville. - (Lady Flutter, by Mrs. - Abington.) - - 22. Ditto. Ditto. - - 24. Ditto. Ditto. - - 26. Ditto. Ditto. - - 29. Ditto. Ditto. - - 30. The Provoked Wife Sir John Brute. (Lady - Brute, by Miss Younge.) - - 31. Ditto. Ditto. - - Feb. 3. Zara Lusignan. (Zara, by Miss - Younge.) - - 5. The Provoked Wife Sir John Brute. (Lady - Brute, by Miss Younge.) - - 7. The Discovery Sir Anthony Branville. - (Lady Flutter, by Mrs. - Abington.) - - 9. Every Man in his Kitely. (Mrs. Kitely, Mrs. - Humour. Greville.) - - 12. Much Ado about Benedict. (Beatrice, by Mrs. - Nothing. Abington.) - - 14. Rule a Wife and Leon. (Estifania, by Mrs. - have a Wife. Abington.) - - March 6. Zara Lusignan. (Zara, by Miss - Younge.) - - 7. Zara Lusignan. (Zara, by Miss - Younge.) - - April 11. The Alchemist. Abel Drugger. (Doll Common, - by Mrs. Hopkins.) - - 16. Much Ado about Benedict. (Beatrice, by Mrs. - Nothing. Abington.) - - 25. Every Man in his Kitely. (Mrs. Kitely, by Mrs. - Humour. Greville.) - - 27. Hamlet Hamlet. (Ophelia, by Mrs. - Smith.) - - 30. The Provoked Sir John Brute. (Lady - Wife. Brute, Miss Younge.) - - May 2. Rule a Wife and Leon. (Estifania, Mrs. Abington) - have a Wife. - - 7. The Stratagem. Archer. (Mrs. Sullen, Mrs. - Abington.) - - 9. Much Ado about Benedict. (Beatrice, by Mrs. - Nothing. Abington.) - - 13. King Lear King Lear. (Cordelia, Miss - Younge.) - - 16. The Wonder Don Felix. (Violante, by - Mrs. Yates.) - - 21. King Lear King Lear. (Cordelia, by - Miss Younge.) - - 23. The Suspicious Ranger. (Mrs. Strickland, - Husband. Mrs. Siddons; Clarinda, - Mrs. Abington.) - - 27. King Richard the King Richard. (Lady Anne - Third. (first time), Mrs. Siddons.) - - 30. Hamlet Hamlet. (Ophelia, by Mrs. - Smith.) - - 31. The Suspicious Ranger. (Mrs. Strickland, - Husband. Mrs. Siddons; Clarinda, - Mrs. Abington.) - - June 1. Ditto. Ditto. - - 3. King Richard the King Richard. (Lady Anne, - Third. by Mrs. Siddons.) - - 5. King Richard the King Richard. (Lady Anne, - Third. by Mrs. Siddons.) By - command of their Majesties. - - 8. King Lear King Lear. (Cordelia, Mrs. - Younge.) - - 10. The Wonder Don Felix. (Violante, by - Mrs. Yates.)[128] - -Notwithstanding it has been said that Mr. Garrick spoke slightingly of -Mrs. Siddons’s talents, the above list incontrovertibly proves that -he considered her powers sufficiently great to appear in principal -characters with him no fewer than _six_ nights of the last _nine_ in -which he performed. - -I shall now subjoin a similar list of Mrs. Siddons’s nights of -performance at Drury Lane Theatre, during the last year of Mr. Garrick’s -acting.[129] - - Jan. 13, 15, 17. Epicœne, or The Silent Woman (as a Collegiate Lady). - - Feb. 1, 2, 3. The Blackamoor Washed White. - - Between Feb. 15 - and April 18 - (22 nights). The Runaway (as Miss Morley). - - May 23. The Suspicious Husband (as Mrs. Strickland). - - 24. The Runaway (as Miss Morley). - - 27. King Richard the Third (as Lady Anne). - - 31. The Suspicious Husband (as Mrs. Strickland). - - June 1. - - 3. King Richard the Third (as Lady Anne). - - 5. Ditto. Ditto. - - By command of their Majesties. - -Of six plays of which there were no bills in the Burney collection, I was -enabled to add instances of the performance of Mrs. Siddons on those -nights from a portion of that truly rare and valuable library purchased -by Government of the late Dr. Burney’s son for the British Museum. - -Ladies this year wore goloshes, four distinct falls of lace from the -hat to the shoulders, and rolled curls on either side of the neck: they -continued to carry fans.[130] - - -1777. - -I remember well that in an autumn evening of this year, during the time -my father lived in Norton Street,[131] going with him and his pupils on -a sketching party to what is now called Pancras Old Church; and that -Whitefield’s Chapel in Tottenham Court Road, Montague House, Bedford -House, and Baltimore House,[132] were then uninterruptedly seen from the -churchyard, which was at that time so rural that it was only enclosed -by a low and very old hand-railing, in some parts entirely covered with -docks and nettles. I recollect also that the houses on the north side -of Ormond Street commanded views of Islington, Highgate, and Hampstead, -including in the middle distance Copenhagen-house, Mother Red-cap’s, the -Adam and Eve, the Farthing Pie House, the Queen’s Head and Artichoke, and -the Jew’s Harp House.[133] - -Early in this year Spiridione Roma,[134] who had cleaned the pictures -of the Judges then hanging in Guildhall, published a prospectus for -Bartolozzi’s print from the portrait of Mary Queen of Scots in Drapers’ -Hall, said to have been painted by Zucchero.[135] - - -1778. - -At this period I began to think there was something in a -prognostication announced to my dear mother by an old _star-gazer_ and -_tea-grouter_,[136] that, through life, I should be favoured by persons -of high rank; for, in this year, Charles Townley, Esq. (the collector -of the valuable marbles which now bear his name in the British Museum), -first noticed me when drawing in Mr. Nollekens’ studio, and pouched -me half a guinea to purchase paper and chalk.[137] This kindness was -followed up by Dr. Samuel Johnson, who was then sitting for his bust. The -Doctor, after looking at my drawing, then at the bust I was copying, put -his hand heavily upon my head, pronouncing “Very well, very well.” Here -I frequently saw him, and recollect his figure and dress with tolerable -correctness. He was tall, and must have been, when young, a powerful man: -he stooped, with his head inclined to the right shoulder: heavy brows, -sleepy eyes, nose very narrow between the eye-brows, but broad at the -bottom; lips enormously thick; chin, wide and double. He wore a stock -and wristbands; his wig was what is called a “_Busby_,” but often wanted -powder. His hat, a three-cornered one; coats, one a dark mulberry, the -other brown, inclining to the colour of Scotch snuff, large brass or gilt -buttons; black waistcoat and small-clothes--sometimes the latter were -corduroy; black stockings, large easy shoes, with buckles; his gait was -wide and awkwardly sprawling; latterly he used a _hooked_ walking-stick, -in consequence of his having saved the life of a young man as he was -crossing from Queenhithe to Bankside. - -One of the Doctor’s sticks of this shape brought me into a scrape. It -was given to me by the late William Tunnard, Esq., of Bankside;[138] he -received it from his friend Mr. Perkins;[139] it was one of many that the -Doctor kept at Thrale’s. This stick I promised to my worthy and liberal -friend the Rev. James Beresford, of Kibworth, Market Harborough;[140] -but, alas! when I went to “stick-corner” somebody had walked it off. -However, if this page should meet the eye of its present possessor, I -hope, even should the “Bannister” I now rest upon be deemed useless by -Time’s sandy-glass, his conscience may order the Johnsonian relic to -be delivered to the above-named gentleman, whose property I declare it -unquestionably to be. My present strong stick, named “_Bannister_,” -was given to me when afflicted with the gout, by a fellow-sufferer, -universally known under the friendly appellation of “_Honest Jack_.” - -I once saw him follow a sturdy thief, who had stolen his handkerchief in -Grosvenor Square, seize him by the collar with both hands, and shake him -violently, after which he quickly let him loose; and then, with his open -hand, gave him so powerful a smack on the face, that sent him off the -pavement staggering. - -[Illustration: DR. SAMUEL JOHNSON - -“Pockets which might have almost held the two volumes of his folio -dictionary.”] - -Ladies appeared for the first time in riding-habits of men’s cloth, only -descending to the feet; they also walked with whips like short canes, -with a thong at the end. The elderly ladies continued to wear goloshes. -Fans were in general use. - -For the honour of female genius, be it here recorded, that, in the -_Ladies’ Pocket-book_, published this year, an engraved group of nine -whole-length female figures was published, viz. Miss Carter, Mrs. -Barbauld, Angelica Kauffman, Mrs. Sheridan, Mrs. Lenox, Mrs. Montague, -Miss More, Mrs. Macaulay, and Mrs. Griffith, each lady in the character -of a Muse. Four Pocket-books appeared this year, entitled _Ladies’ -Pocket-book_, _Ladies’ own Memorandum Book_, _Ladies’ Annual Journal_, -and _Ladies’ Complete Pocket-book_.[141] - - -1779. - -On Monday, February 1st, Taylor, the facetious pupil of Frank Hayman, and -the old friend of Jonathan Tyers, lifted Nollekens’ studio door-latch, -put in his head, and announced, “For the information of some of the sons -of Phidias, I beg to observe, that David Garrick is now on his way to -pay his respects to Poet’s Corner. I left him just as he was quitting -the boards of the Adelphi.”[142] I am now employing the exact words he -made use of, though certainly the levity was misapplied on so solemn an -occasion. - -I begged of my father, who then carved for Mr. Nollekens, to allow me -to go to Charing Cross to see the funeral pass, which he did with some -reluctance. I was there in a few minutes, followed him to the Abbey, -heard the service, and saw him buried.[143] - -Mr. Garrick died on the 20th of January, in the back room of the first -floor, in his house in the Adelphi. The ceiling of the drawing-room -was painted by Zucchi: the subject, Venus attired by the Graces. The -chimneypiece in this room is said to have cost £800.[144] - -On a night when Mr. Garrick was acting the part of Lear, one of the -soldiers who stood on the stage blubbered like a child. Mr. Garrick, who -was as fond of a compliment as most men, when the play was over, sent -for the man to his room, and gave him half a crown. It was the custom -formerly for two soldiers to stand on the stage during the time of -performance, one at either end of the proscenium. - -This year the Grotto Garden, Rosamond Row, near the London Spa, was kept -by Jackson, a man famous for grottoes and fireworks. He had made great -additions to it, viz. a new Mounted Fountain, etc. The admittance was -sixpence.[145] - -[Illustration: “PERDITA” ROBINSON - -“She imprinted a kiss on my cheek, and said, ‘There, you little rogue.’” - -_J. T. Smith_] - - -1781. - -Although I could model and carve a little, I longed to be an engraver, -and wished much to be placed under Bartolozzi, who then lived in Bentinck -Street, Berwick Street.[146] My father took me to him, with a letter -of introduction from Mr. Wilton, the sculptor. Mr. Bartolozzi, after -looking at my imitations of several of Rembrandt and Ostade’s etchings, -declared that he should have been glad some years previous to take such a -youth, but that, in consequence of ill-treatment from some of his pupils, -he had made up his mind to take no more. The Bishop of Peterborough -(Dr. Hinchliffe),[147] one of my father’s patrons, then prevailed on -Sherwin to let me in at half-price; and under his roof I remained for -nearly three years. Here I saw all the beautiful women of the day; and, -being considered a lively lad, I was noticed by several of them. Here I -received a kiss from the beautiful Mrs. Robinson. - -This impression was made upon me nearly as I can recollect in the -following way:--It fell to my turn that morning, as a pupil, to attend -the visitors, and Mrs. Robinson came into the room singing. She asked to -see a drawing which Mr. Sherwin had made of her, which he had placed in -an upper room. When I assured her that Mr. Sherwin was not at home, “Do -try to find the drawing of me, and I will reward you, my little fellow,” -said she. I, who had seen Rosetta, in _Love in a Village_, the preceding -evening, hummed to myself, as I went upstairs, “With a kiss, a kiss, and -I’ll reward you with a kiss.” - -I had no sooner entered the room with the drawing in my hand, than she -imprinted a kiss on my cheek, and said, “There, you little rogue.” I -remember that Mrs. Darby, her mother, accompanied her, and had brought -a miniature, painted by Cosway, set in diamonds, presented by a high -personage, of whom Mrs. Robinson spoke with the highest respect to -the hour of her dissolution.[148] The colour of her carriage was a -light blue, and upon the centre of each panel a basket of flowers was -so artfully painted, that as she drove along it was mistaken for a -coronet.[149] - - -1782. - -Early in the month of December, this year, Sherwin painted, engraved, -and published a glorious portrait of Mrs. Siddons, in the character of -the Grecian Daughter. That lady sat in the front room of his house, St. -James’s Street. I obeyed Mr. Sherwin’s orders in raising and lowering the -centre window-curtains, the shutters of the extreme ones being closed for -the adjustment of that fine light and shade upon her face which he has so -beautifully displayed in the print. This print, in consequence of a purse -having been presented to Mrs. Siddons by her admirers in the profession -of the Law, was dedicated to “The Gentlemen of the Bar.”[150] - -[Illustration: MRS. SIDDONS - -“A glorious portrait.”] - -By the liberality of my amiable friend, William Henderson, Esq.,[151] I -am in possession of a cast taken by Lochee, the modeller, from the face -of this wonderful actress, which I intend leaving to that invaluable -gallery of theatrical portraits, so extensively formed by that favourite -offspring of Nature, Charles Mathews,[152] Esq., at Kentish Town; but -should that collection ever be dispersed, which I most heartily trust it -never will be, then I desire that it may go to the Green-room of Drury -Lane Theatre. To this bequest I subscribe my name, - -Witnesses to this my declaration, - - John Thomas Smith. - John Bannister. - -- Harley.[153] - - -1783. - -One of the numerous subjects which I drew this year for Mr. Crowle,[154] -was the old brick gateway entrance to St. Giles’s churchyard, then -standing opposite to Mr. Remnent’s timber-yard, in which drawing I -introduced the figure of old Simon, a very remarkable beggar, who, -together with his dog, generally took their station against one of the -gate-piers. This man, who wore several hats, at the same time suffered -his beard to grow, which was of a dirty yellow-white. Upon his fingers -were numerous brass rings. He had several waistcoats, and as many -coats, increasing in size, so that he was enabled by the extent of the -uppermost garment to cover the greater part of the bundles, containing -rags of various colours; and distinct parcels with which he was girded -about, consisting of books, canisters containing bread, cheese, and -other articles of food; matches, a tinder-box, and meat for his dog; -cuttings of curious events from old newspapers; scraps from Fox’s _Book -of Martyrs_, and three or four dog’s-eared and greasy thumbed numbers of -the _Gentleman’s Magazine_. - -From these and such like productions he gained a great part of the -information with which he sometimes entertained those persons who stopped -to look at him. - -When I knew him,--for he was one of my pensioners,--he and his dog -lodged under a staircase in an old shattered building called “Rats’ -Castle,” in Dyot Street, mentioned in _Nollekens and his Times_ as that -artist’s rendezvous to discover models for his Venuses. Dyot Street has -disappeared, and George Street is built on its site.[155] His walks -extended to the entrances only of the adjacent streets, whither he either -went to make a purchase at the baker’s or the cook’s shops. Rowlandson -drew and etched him several times; in one instance Simon had a female -placed before him, which the artist called “Simon and Iphigenia.” There -is a large whole-length print of him, published by John Seago, with the -following inscription:-- - -SIMON EDY, born at Woodford, near Thrapston, Northamptonshire, in 1709: -died May 18, 1783.[156] - -Respecting his last dog, for he had possessed several, which wicked boys -had beguiled from him, or the skinners of those animals had snatched up, -the following anecdote is interesting:--A Smithfield drover, whose dog’s -left eye had been much injured by a bullock, solicited Simon to take him -under his care till he got well. The mendicant cheerfully consented, and -forthwith, with a piece of string, confined him to his arm; and when, by -being more quiet, he had regained his health sufficiently to resume his -services to his master, old Simon, with the most affectionate reluctance, -gave him up, and was obliged to content himself with the pleasure of -patting his sides on a market-day, when he followed his master’s drove -to the slaughter-house in Union Street. These tender and stolen caresses -from the hand which had bathed his wound, Rover would regularly stop to -receive at St. Giles’s porch, and then hastily run to get up with the -bullocks. Poor Simon, after missing the dog as well as his master for -some weeks, was one morning most agreeably surprised to see the faithful -animal crouch behind his feet, and with an uplifted and sorrowful eye, -for he had entirely lost the blemished one, implore his protection by -licking his beard, as a successor to his departed and lamented keeper. -Rover followed Simon, according to Dr. Gardner’s idea, to “his last and -best bedroom”;[157] or, according to Funeral Weever,[158] his “bed of -ease.” Shortly before Simon’s death, I related to Mrs. Nollekens several -instances of Rover’s attachment. “I think, Sir,” observed that lady, “you -once told me that he had been a shepherd’s dog from Harrow-on-the-Hill. -I don’t like a shepherd’s dog: it has no tail,[159] and its coat is -as rough as the bristles of a cocoanut. No, Sir, my little French -dog is my pet.” However, fortunately for poor Simon, the Hon. Daines -Barrington[160] was present when Dr. Johnson’s Pekuah[161] made this -silly remark, for he never after passed the kind-hearted mendicant -without giving him sixpence. There was an elegy printed for poor Simon, -with a woodcut portrait of him. - -[Illustration: BENJAMIN WEST, P.R.A. - -“Sir, I was once a Quaker, and have never left their principles.”] - -Ugly and deficient in sight and tail as Rover certainly was, it is also -as equally unquestionable that Simon never had occasion to carry him to -Fox Court, St. James’s Street, for the recovery of his health, under -the direction of Dr. Norman,[162] the canine physician, so strenuously -recommended upon all occasions by George Keate, the poet,[163] and -far-famed connoisseur. No, poor Rover was kept in health by being -allowed to range the streets from six till nine, the hours in which the -nightly stealers of the canine race, and the dexterous of all dentists, -were on their way to Austin’s, at Islington,[164] to dispose of their -cruel depredations upon many a true friend to the indigent blind, “to -whom the blackbird sings as sweetly as to the fairest lady in the land.” - - -1784. - -Mr. West, to whom I had sat for the head of St. John in his picture of -the Last Supper, for the altar of St. George’s Chapel, Windsor,[165] -frequently engaged me to bid for him at auctions, an honour also -occasionally conferred on me for similar services by Sir Joshua Reynolds. -It was during one of these commissions in this year, that the late -Richard Wyatt, Esq., of Milton Place, Egham, Surrey, noticed me; he was -then starting as a collector of pictures, prints, and drawings.[166] That -gentleman kindly invited me to his house, and not only introduced me to -his amiable family, but to his most intimate neighbours. He allowed me -the use of a horse, to enable me more readily to visit the beauties of -Windsor Park and Forest, the scenery of which so attracted and delighted -me, that during one month’s stay I made nearly one hundred studies. The -two Sandbys were visitors to my patron; and to Thomas, then Deputy Ranger -of Windsor Great Park, a situation given to him by his Royal Highness -William, Duke of Cumberland (Thomas Sandby had been engineer draughtsman -to his Royal Highness at the battle of Culloden), I am indebted for -my knowledge of lineal perspective. The Misses Wyatt were delightful -persons, and much noticed at the Egham Balls, for one or two of which -occasions I had the pleasure of painting butterflies on a muslin dress, -and also imitating the “Sir Walter Raleigh,” the “Pride of Culloden,” and -other curious and rare carnations, on tiffany, for their bouquets, which -were then scented and much worn. - -I was here introduced to Viscount Maynard, to whom Mr. Wyatt had been -guardian. His Lordship married the celebrated Nancy Parsons,[167] and -was a most spirited draughtsman of a horse. Among other gentlemen, I -was also introduced to the late Sir Richard Colt Hoare, Bart.,[168] -and the late Rev. George Huddesford,[169] of Oxford, Kett’s satirist, -and the witty author of poems entitled _Salmagundi_, dedicated to Mr. -Wyatt. Several of these I have often heard him most humorously sing, -particularly those of “the renowned History and rare Achievements of John -Wilkes.” The chorus ran thus:-- - - “John Wilkes he was for Middlesex, - They chose him knight of the shire; - And he made a fool of Alderman Bull, - And call’d Parson Horne a liar.” - -“The Barber’s Nuptials,” which may be seen in the _Elegant Extracts_, and -almost every other collection of fugitive poetry, was also written by -him.[170] - -Mr. Huddesford had studied under Sir Joshua Reynolds, and had copied many -of the President’s pictures with tolerable ability, with an intention -of pursuing the arts, but his master-talent was more conspicuously -displayed in compositions of fruit, in which his representations of ripe -and melting peaches, and the rich transparent grape, were inimitable. -The late Sir George Beaumont, Bart., with whom Mr. Huddesford had been -extremely intimate, was in possession of a remarkably fine specimen by -him, which the worthy baronet frequently allowed to be copied. - -Huddesford, after the death of Warton, chalked on the walls of the -College-- - - “The glorious sun of Trinity is set, - And nothing left but farthing-candle Kett.”[171] - -He published _The Elements of General Knowledge_, which were called, at -Oxford “The Elements of General Ignorance”; and his last work, _Emily_, -procured him the name of Emily Kett. His supposed resemblance to a horse -was the occasion of much academical waggery:--his letter-box was often -filled with oats; and when he wished to have his portrait taken, he was -sent to the famous Stubbs,[172] the horse painter, who, on receiving him, -and expecting to hear whether his commission was to be for a filly or a -colt, was much surprised to find Kett pompously announce that he expected -the likeness to be in full canonicals. - -Samuel Woodforde (afterwards a Royal Academician)[173] was employed by -Mr. Wyatt, in consequence of an introduction by Sir Richard Colt Hoare, -Bart., to paint trees and landscapes on the panels of his drawing-room, -mostly from scenes in Windsor Park and Forest. Mr. Wyatt was one of -Opie’s early friends. He painted for that gentleman several of the -Burrell and Hoare family; indeed, he was instrumental in bringing that -artist out of his humble and modest lodging in Orange Court, Leicester -Fields,[174] to his house in Queen Street, next door to that for many -years occupied by that comic and most exemplary child of Nature, the -late Miss Pope,[175] whose inimitable acting as Miss Allscrip, in _The -Heiress_, not only delighted the public, but was deservedly complimented -by its author, General Burgoyne, who at one time lived in Hertford -Street, May Fair, in the house that had been inhabited by Lord Sandwich, -and subsequently by R. B. Sheridan and Mr. Dent.[176] - -This year, Mr. Flaxman, who then lived in Wardour Street, introduced me -to one of his early patrons, the Rev. Henry Mathew, of Percy Chapel, -Charlotte Street, which was built for him;[177] he was also afternoon -preacher at St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. At that gentleman’s house, in -Rathbone Place, I became acquainted with Mrs. Mathew and her son, the -late John Hunter’s favourite pupil. With that gentleman, in his youthful -days, I had many an innocent frolic. I was obliged to him in several -instances, and can safely say no one could excel him as an amiable -friend, a dutiful son, or excellent husband. At Mrs. Mathew’s most -agreeable conversaziones I first met the late William Blake,[178] the -artist, to whom she and Mr. Flaxman had been truly kind. There I have -often heard him read and sing several of his poems. He was listened to by -the company with profound silence, and allowed by most of the visitors -to possess original and extraordinary merit. A time will come when the -numerous, though now very rare, works of Blake (in consequence of his -taking very few impressions from the plates before they were rubbed out -to enable him to use them for other subjects) will be sought after with -the most intense avidity.[179] He was considered by Stothard and Flaxman -(and will be by those of congenial minds, if we can reasonably expect -such again) with the highest admiration. These artists allowed him their -most unqualified praise, and were ever anxious to recommend him and -his productions to the patrons of the Arts; but alas! they were not so -sufficiently appreciated as to enable Blake, as every one could wish, -to provide an independence for his surviving partner Kate, who adored -his memory. The late Sir Thomas Lawrence has been heard to declare that -England would be for ever immortalized by the productions of Sir Joshua -Reynolds, Flaxman, and Stothard. - -Mrs. Mathew was not only a great encourager of musical composers, -particularly the Italians, but truly kind to young artists. She -patronized Oram, Loutherbourg’s assistant: he was the son of _Old_ Oram, -of the Board of Works, an artist whose topographical pictures possess -considerable merit, and whose name is usually introduced in picture -catalogues under the appellation of “_Old_ Oram.”[180] - -Mr. Flaxman, in return for the favours he had received from the Mathew -family, decorated the back parlour of their house, which was their -library, with models (I think they were in putty and sand) of figures in -niches, in the Gothic manner; and Oram painted the window in imitation of -stained glass; the bookcases, tables, and chairs were also ornamented to -accord with the appearance of those of antiquity. - -Rathbone Place, at this time, entirely consisted of private houses, and -its inhabitants were all of high respectability. I have heard Mrs. -Mathew say that the three rebel lords, Lovat, Kilmarnock, and Balmerino, -had at different times resided in it; and that she had also been informed -that the floor of her parlours, which is now some steps above the street, -was even with the floor of the recess under the front pediment of St. -Paul’s Cathedral. - - -1785. - -Many a summer’s evening, when I have been enjoying Runnymede, and its -far surrounding variegated meadows, from the wooden seat of Cooper’s -Hill (upon which were engraven numerous initials of lovers, and the -dates of their eternal vows), little did I think that in my future -days it would be in my power to state that I had made drawings of most -of the parish churches as well as family mansions which were then in -view, for the topographical collections of the Duke of Roxborough, Lord -Leicester, the Hon. Horace Walpole, Mr. Bull, Mr. Storer, Dr. Lort, -Mr. Haughton James, Mr. Crowle, and Sir James Winter Lake, Bart.[181] -Several of these, which have since been distributed, I now and then -meet with in the portfolios of more modern illustrators, and they bring -to my recollection some truly pleasing periods. It was in the old house -at Ankerwycke that I was introduced by Lady Lake to Lady Shouldham. -It was at Old Windsor that I dined with Mrs. Vassal, and at Staines -Bridge with the beautiful Miss Towry, since Lady Ellenborough. It was -at Chertsey I was first introduced to Mr. Douglas, Colonel St. Paul, -and those truly kind-hearted characters, Mr. Fox and Mrs. Chamberlain -Clark. At Staines I was benefited by the skill of Dr. Pope;--at -Harrow made known to Dr. Drury;--at Southgate to Alderman Curtis;--at -Trent Park to Mr. Wigston;--at Forty Hill, Enfield, to the antiquary -Gough;--at Bull’s Cross to the facetious Captain Horsley, brother to the -Bishop of Rochester, and the Boddams;--at the “Firs,” Edmonton, to my -ever-to-be-revered friend the late Sir James Winter Lake, Bart.;--at Weir -Hall to the benevolent and highly esteemed Mr. Robert Jones, Mr. Webster -and his friendly son;--at Bruce Castle to Mr. Townsend;--at Tottenham -to Mr. John Snell, and to Mr. Samuel Salt. This gentleman informed me -that he was one of the four who buried Sterne.[182] Of the friendly -inhabitants of these houses, and many others to whom I had the pleasure -of being known, within the extensive view from Cooper’s Hill, very few -are now living. - -During the Races on Runnymede, I have often seen their late Majesties -George the Third and Queen Charlotte driving about in an open -four-wheeled chaise, enjoying the pleasures of the course on equal -terms with the visitors. I remember to have been spoken to three times -by his Majesty; once on a very foggy morning at a stile near Clewer, -when I stepped back to give a gentleman, who had nearly approached it -in the adjoining field, the preference of coming over first; but upon -his saying, “Come over, come over,” I knew the voice to be the King’s, -consequently I took off my hat, and obeyed. His Majesty observed in his -quick manner, when getting over, “A thick fog, thick fog.” Another time, -when I was drawing an old oak in Windsor Park, the King and Queen drove -very near me in their chaise, and one of his Majesty’s horses shied at my -paper; upon which the King called out to me, “Shut your book, sir, shut -your book!” - -The last time I was noticed by the King, I must say his Majesty appeared -to be a little startled, as well he might. It was under the following -circumstances. Wishing to make a drawing of one of the original stalls -in St. George’s Chapel, Windsor, before they were finally taken down, -a shilling prevailed upon one of the workmen to lock me in during his -dinner-hour. However, it so happened that his Majesty, who frequently -let himself into the Chapel at that time to look at the progress of the -works, did not perceive me, as I stood in a corner, but on his return -from the altar, he asked, “Who are you, sir? Oh! you startled my horse in -the park the other day. What are you about?” I then held up my drawing; -and his Majesty, who must have noticed my embarrassment, did me the -honour to say, “Very correct; I believe you are at Mr. Wyatt’s,--a very -good man;--I have a high regard for him and all his family.” - -During the time I was studying the scenery of Windsor Park, Mr. Thomas -Sandby, who was busily engaged in placing the numerous stones to form -the representation of rocks and caverns at the head of the Virginia -Water, in Windsor Park, frequently dug for stones in Bagshot Heath. -Fortunately he discovered one of an immense size, which he thought would -afford him a massive breadth in his composition, but it was so large he -was under the necessity of breaking it with gunpowder; however, fortune -favoured his design by blowing it into two nearly equal parts, so that -he was enabled to join them on their destined spot to great advantage as -to general effect. This was Mr. Thomas Sandby’s second attempt at the -water-head;[183] he had in the first instance failed by using only sand -and clay, for which failure that worthy man was not only nicknamed “Tommy -Sandbank,” but roughly scourged by the throng of Huddesford, who composed -a song upon the occasion, from which I have selected the following -verses:-- - - 1. - - When Tom was employ’d to construct the Pond Head, - As he ponder’d the task, to himself thus he said: - “Since a head I must make, what’s a head but a noddle? - So I think I had best take my own for a model.” - Derry down, etc. - - 2. - - Then his work our projector began out of hand, - The outside he constructed with rubbish and sand; - But brains on this head had been quite thrown away, - Those he kept for himself, so he lined it with clay. - - 5. - - But the water at length, to his utter dismay, - A bankruptcy made, and his head ran away;-- - ’Twas a thick head for certain; but, had it been thicker, - No head can endure that is always in liquor. - - 12. - - Hence, by way of a Moral, the fallacy’s shown - Of the maxim that two heads are better than one;-- - For none e’er was so scurvily dealt with before, - By the head that he made and the head that he wore. - Derry down, etc. - -[Illustration: FRANCIS GROSE - -“A chiel’s amang ye takin’ notes.”] - -For many years the back parlour of the “Feathers”[184] public-house -(a sign complimentary to its neighbour, Frederick, Prince of Wales, -who inhabited Leicester House), which stood on the side of Leicester -Fields, had been frequented by artists, and several well-known amateurs. -Among the former were Stuart,[185] the Athenian traveller; Scott,[186] -the marine painter; old Oram, of the Board of Works;[187] Luke -Sullivan,[188] the miniature painter, who engraved that inimitable print -from Hogarth’s picture of the “March to Finchley,” now in the Foundling -Hospital; Captain Grose,[189] the author of _Antiquities of England_, -_History of Armour_,[190] etc.; Mr. Hearne,[191] the elegant and correct -draughtsman of many of England’s Antiquities (so beautifully engraved -by his amiable friend Byrne), Nathaniel Smith, my father, etc. The -amateurs were Henderson, the actor; Mr. Morris, a silversmith; Mr. John -Ireland, then a watchmaker in Maiden Lane, and since editor of Boydell’s -edition of Dr. Trusler’s work, _Hogarth Moralized_; and Mr. Baker, -of St. Paul’s Churchyard, whose collection of Bartolozzi’s works was -unequalled.[192] When this house, the sign of the “Feathers,” was taken -down to make way for Dibdin’s Theatre, called the “Sans Souci,” several -of its frequenters adjourned to the “Coach and Horses” public-house in -Castle Street, Leicester Fields; but in consequence of their not proving -customers sufficiently expensive for that establishment, the landlord one -evening venturing to light them out with a farthing candle, they betook -themselves to Gerard Street, and thence to the “Blue Posts” in Dean -Street, where the club dwindled into two or three members, viz. Edridge, -the portrait draughtsman; Alexander, of the British Museum; and Edmunds, -the upholsterer, who had been undertaker to the greater part of the -club.[193] - -Mr. Baker, the gentleman before mentioned, being a single man, and -sometimes keeping rather late hours, was now and then accompanied by a -friend half way home, by way of a walk. It was on one of these nights, -that, just as he and I were approaching Temple Bar, about one o’clock, -a most unaccountable appearance claimed our attention,--it was no -less an object than an elephant, whose keepers were coaxing it to pass -through the gateway. He had been accompanied by several persons from the -Tower Wharf with tall poles, but was principally guided by two men with -ropes, each walking on either side of the street, to keep him as much -as possible in the middle on his way to the menagerie, Exeter Change; -to which destination, after passing St. Clement’s Church, he steadily -trudged on with strict obedience to the commands of his keepers. I had -the honour afterwards of partaking of a pot of Barclay’s Entire with this -same elephant, which high mark of his condescension was bestowed when -I accompanied my friend the late Sir James Winter Lake, Bart., to view -the rare animals in Exeter Change--that gentleman being assured by the -elephant’s keeper that if he would offer the beast a shilling, he would -see the noble animal nod his head and drink a pot of porter. The elephant -no sooner had taken the shilling, which he did in the mildest manner from -the palm of Sir James’s hand, than he gave it to the keeper, and eagerly -watched his return with the beer. The elephant then, after placing his -proboscis to the top of the tankard, drew up nearly the whole of the then -good beverage. The keeper observed, “You will hardly believe, gentlemen, -but the little he has left is quite warm;” upon this we were tempted to -taste it, and it really was so. This animal was afterwards disposed of -for the sum of one thousand guineas.[194] - -[Illustration: COVENT GARDEN THROUGH HOGARTH’S EYES - -“The first square inhabited by the great.” - -_J. T. Smith_] - - -1786. - -Possibly the present frequenters of print sales may receive some little -entertainment from a description of a few of the most singular of those -who constantly attended the auctions during my boyish days. The elder -Langford, of Covent Garden, introduced by Foote as Mr. Puff, in his farce -of _The Minor_,[195] I well remember; yet by reason of my being obliged -to attend more regularly the subsequent evening sales at Paterson’s -and Hutchins’s--next-door-neighbour auctioneers, on the north side of -King Street, Covent Garden,[196] I am better enabled to speak to the -peculiarities of their visitors than those of Mr. Langford. - -It was in 1783, during the sales of the extensive collection of Mr. -Moser, the first keeper of the Royal Academy,[197] and Mr. Millan, -bookseller at Charing Cross,[198] that I noticed the following remarkable -characters. I shall, however, first endeavour to describe the person of -Paterson, a man much respected by all who really knew him; but perhaps -by none with more sincerity than Doctor Johnson, who had honoured him -by standing godfather to his son Samuel, and whom he continued to -notice as he grew up with the most affectionate regard, as appears in -the letters which the doctor wrote in his favour to his friends Sir -Joshua Reynolds and Mr. Humphrey, printed by Boswell.[199] Mr. Paterson -was in height about five feet eight inches, and stooped a little in -the shoulders. When I first knew him, he was a spare man, and wore a -powdered clubwig, similar to that worn by Tom Davies, the bookseller and -biographer of Garrick, of whom there is an engraved portrait. Paterson -was really a walking library, and of manners precisely coinciding with -the old school. I remember that by a slight impediment in his speech, -he always pronounced the letter R as a V; for instance, Dart’s _History -of Canterbe_v_y_, and a dromedary, he pronounced a d_wa_mmeda_v_y; -notwithstanding this defect, he publicly lectured on the beauties of -Shakspeare. - -Mr. Gough,[200] the Editor of Camden’s _Britannia_, was the constant -frequenter of his book-sales. This antiquary was about the same height -as the auctioneer, but in a wig very different, as he wore, when I knew -him, a short shining curled one. His coat was of “formal cut,” but he -had no round belly; and his waistcoat and smallclothes were from the same -piece. He was mostly in boots, and carried a swish-whip when he walked. -His temper I know was not good, and he seldom forgave those persons who -dared to bid stoutly against him for a lot at an auction: his eyes, which -were small and of the winky-pinky sort, fully announced the fretful -being. As for his judgment in works of art, if he had any it availed him -little, being as much satisfied with the dry and monotonous manner of Old -Basire,[201] as our late President West was with the beautiful style of -Woollett and Hall. - -Dr. Lort,[202] the constant correspondent of Old Cole,[203] was a man -of his own stamp, broad and bony, in height nearly six feet, of manners -equally morose, and in every respect just as forbidding. His wig was a -large _Busby_, and usually of a brown appearance, for want of a dust of -powder. He was chaplain to the Duke of Devonshire; and as he wore thick -worsted stockings, and walked anyhow through the mud, considered himself -in no way obliged to give the street-sweepers a farthing. He had some -wit, however, but it was often displayed in a cowardly manner, being -mostly directed towards his little opponent, Doctor Gossett,[204] who -was unfortunately much afflicted by deformity, and of a temper easily -roused by too frequent a repetition of threepenny biddings at Paterson’s. -Paterson sold his books singly, and took threepence at a bidding. - -Hutchins was about five feet nine inches, but in appearance much shorter -by reason of his corpulency. His high forehead, when compared with a -perpendicular, was at an angle of forty-five. He was what Spurzheim -would call a _simple_ honest man: his wife was of the same build, but -most powerfully possessed the organ of inquisitiveness, which induced -her to be a constant occupant of a pretty large and easy chair, by the -side of the fire in the auction-room, in order that she might see how -business was going on. Mr. and Mrs. Hutchins appeared so affectionately -mutual in all their public conclusions, that Caleb Whitefoord, the witty -wine-merchant, one of the print-sale visitors, attempted to flourish off -the following observation as one of his invention: “You see,” said he to -Captain Baillie, “Cocker is not always correct; _one_ and _one_ do not in -this instance make _two_.”[205] - -Caleb Whitefoord[206] was what is usually called a slight-built man, -and much addicted when in conversation to shrug up his shoulders. He had -a thin face, with little eyes; his deportment was gentlemanly, though -perhaps sometimes too high for his situation in life. His dress, upon -which he bestowed great attention, was in some instances singular, -particularly in his hat and wig, which were remarkable as being solitary -specimens of the Garrick School. He considered himself _a first-rate_ -judge of pictures, always preferring those by the _old masters_, but -which he endeavoured to improve by touching up; and when in this -conceited employment, I have frequently seen him fall back in his chair, -and turn his head from one shoulder to the other, with as much admiration -of what he had done, as Hogarth’s sign-painter of the Barley-mow in his -inimitable print of Beer Street. - -[Illustration: LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: UMBRELLAS TO MEND - -ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH] - -Captain William Baillie[207] was also an amateur in art; he suffered -from an asthma, which often stood his friend by allowing a lengthened fit -of coughing to stop a sentence whenever he found himself in want of words -to complete it. When not engaged in his duties as a commissioner of the -Stamp Office, he for years amused himself in what he called _etching_; -but in what Rembrandt, as well as every true artist, would call -scratching. He could not draw, nor had he an eye for effect. To prove -this assertion, I will “_end him at a blow_,” by bringing to my informed -reader’s recollection the captain’s execrable plate, which he considered -to be an improvement upon Rembrandt’s “Three Trees.” Mr. West classed -him amongst the conceited men.--“Sir,” said the venerable President, -“when I requested him to show me a fine impression of Rembrandt’s Hundred -Guilder print, he placed one of his own _restored_ impressions before -me, with as much confidence as my little friend Edwards[208] attempts to -teach Perspective in the Royal Academy.” Captain Baillie commonly wore a -camlet coat, and walked so slowly and with such measured steps, that he -appeared like a man heavily laden with jack-boots and Munchausen spurs; -and whenever he entered an auction-room, he generally permitted his cough -to announce his arrival. - -Mr. Baker,[209] an opulent dealer in lace, was nightly to be found -bidding for the choicest impressions, which he seldom allowed any -antagonist, however powerful, to carry away. He was well-proportioned, -and though sometimes singular in his manner, and too negligent in his -dress, was a most honourable man. - -Mr. Woodhouse, of Tokenhouse Yard, was also a bidder for fine things; -he did not possess so much of the milk of human kindness as Mr. Baker; -indeed, his manners were at times a little repulsive, although he had -been many years principal cashier in Sir George Prescott’s banking-house. -He was an extensive collector of Cipriani’s drawings.[210] - -Mr. Musgrave,[211] of Norfolk Street, frequently attended auctions of -prints, but particularly those of pictures; he was an accomplished -gentleman in his address, and most feelingly benevolent in his actions. -His figure was short, his features pleasing, and he seldom went abroad -without a rose in his button-hole. When I state that no man could have -had fewer enemies, I think even the descendants of “Vinegar Tom”[212] -will never haunt my bedside. - -There was another truly polite and kind-hearted attendant at Hutchins’s -sales, Mr. Pitt, of Westminster. The manners of this gentleman were -precise, and he wore a large five-story white wig. - -The next collector at this period was Mr. Wodhull,[213] the translator of -Euripides. He was very thin, with a long nose and thick lips; of manners -perfectly gentlemanly. The great singularity of his appearance arose, -perhaps, from his closing his coat from the first button, immediately -under his chin, to the last, nearly extending to the bottom of his -deep-flap waistcoat-pockets. He seldom spoke, nor would he exceed one -sixpence beyond the sum which he had put down in his catalogue, to give -for the articles he intended to bid for; and though he frequently went -away without purchasing a single lot, or even speaking to any one during -the whole evening, he always took off his hat, and bowed low to the -company before he left the auction-room. - -Mr. Rawle, an accoutrement-maker, then living in the Strand, was a -visitor: he was the friend of Captain Grose, and the executor of -Thomas Worlidge,[214] the etcher. In his early days he had collected -many curious and valuable articles. His cabinets contained numerous -interesting portraits in miniature of Elizabethan characters. He was -a professed Commonwealth man, and possessed many of the Protector’s, -or, according to some writers, the usurper’s letters. He also prided -himself upon having the leathern doublet, sword, and hat in which -Oliver dissolved the Parliament, and showed a helmet that he could -incontrovertibly prove had belonged to him. He likewise frequently -expatiated for a considerable time upon a magnificent wig, which he said -had been worn by that Merry Monarch, King Charles the Second.[215] This -singular character never would allow more than a halfpenny-worth of -vegetables to be put upon his table, though they were ever so cheap; and -when they were above his price, he went without.[216] - -Another singular character of the name of Beauvais, who at one time had -flourished at Tunbridge Wells as a miniature-painter,[217] attended the -evening auctions. This man, who was short and rather lumpy in stature, -indeed nearly as wide as he was high, was a native of France, and through -sheer idleness became so filthily dirty in his person and dress, that -few of the company would sit by him. Yet I have seen him in a black suit -with his sword and bag, in the evening of the day on which he had been -at Court, where for years he was a constant attendant. This “Sack of -Sand,” as Suett the actor generally called him, sat at the lower end of -the table; and as he very seldom made purchases, few persons ventured to -converse with him. He frequently much annoyed Hutchins by the loudest of -all snoring; and now and then Doctor Wolcot would ask him a question, -in order to indulge in a laugh at his mode of uttering an answer, which -Peter Pindar declared to be more like the gobbling of a turkey-cock than -anything human. He lived in a two-pair-of-stairs back room in St. James’s -Market; and, after his death, Hutchins sold his furniture. I recollect -his spinet, music-stool, and a few dog’s-eared sheets of lessons sold for -three-and-sixpence. - -Mr. Matthew Mitchell,[218] the banker, frequently joined these parties, -and seldom went away without a purchase of prints under his arm. He was -extremely well-proportioned, and walked in what I have often heard the -ladies of the _old school_ style a portly manner. He was remarkable -for a width of chin, which was full as large as Titus Oates’s, and a -set of large white teeth. His features altogether, however, bespoke a -good-natured and liberal man. This gentleman was very kind to me when -I was a boy, and I never hear his name mentioned but with unspeakable -pleasure. - -[Illustration: CHRISTIE’S AS “RAINY DAY” SMITH KNEW IT] - -Mr. Mitchell had a most serious antipathy to a kitten. He could sit in -a room without experiencing the least emotion from a cat; but directly -he perceived a kitten, his flesh shook on his bones, like a snail in -vinegar. I once relieved him from one of these paroxysms, by taking a -kitten out of the room; on my return he thanked me, and declared his -feelings to be insupportable upon such an occasion. Long subsequently I -asked him whether he could in any way account for this agitation. He said -he could not, adding that he experienced no such sensations upon seeing -a full-grown cat; but that a kitten, after he had looked at it for a -minute or two, in his imagination grew to the size of an overpowering -elephant. - -At this period Hogarth’s prints were in such high request, that whenever -anything remarkable appeared, it was stoutly contested: for Mr. Packer, -of Combe’s Brewhouse, was one of the most enterprising of the Hogarth -collectors. This gentleman, though his manners sometimes appeared blunt, -was highly respected by all who really knew him: it was at this time he -became my friend.[219] - -He was tall, of good proportion, and well-favoured. He had his -peculiarities in dress, particularly as to his hat, which was an -undoubted original. Mr. Packer’s opponents in Hogarth prints were two -persons, one of the name of Vincent, a tall, half-starved-looking man, -who walked with a high gilt chased-headed cane (he had been a chaser of -milk-pots, watch-cases, and heads of canes, and he always walked with -this cane as a show-article), and the other of the name of Powell, better -known under the appellation of “_Old black wig_.” - -Henderson, the player,[220] who was also a collector of Hogarth’s works, -seldom made his appearance on these boards--John Ireland being his -deputy-manager.[221] - -I must not omit to mention another singular but most honourable -character, of the name of Heywood, nicknamed “Old Iron Wig.” His dress -was precise, and manner of walking rather stiff. He was an extensive -purchaser of every kind of article in art, particularly Rowlandson’s -drawings; for this purpose he employed the merry and friendly Mr. -Seguier,[222] the picture-dealer, a schoolfellow of my father’s, to bid -for him. - -I shall now close this list by observing that my early friend and -fellow-pupil, Rowlandson, who has frequently made drawings of Hutchins -and his print-auctions, has produced a most spirited etching, in which -not only many of the above-described characters are introduced, but also -most of the printsellers of the day. There is another, though it must -be owned very indifferent, plate, containing what the publisher called -“Portraits of Printsellers,” from a monotonous drawing by the late -Silvester Harding, whose manner of delineation made persons appear to -be all of one family, particularly his sleepy-eyed and gaudily-coloured -drawings of ladies. - - -1787. - -At this time my mimic powers induced Delpini the clown,[223] who had -often been amused with several of my imitations of public characters, -to mention me to Mr. John Palmer,[224] who, after listening to my -specimens, promised me an engagement at the Royalty Theatre, which was -then erecting; but as that gentleman was too sanguine, and failed in -procuring a licence, I, as well as many other strutting heroes, was -disappointed. - -After this my friends advised me to resume the arts; and, with the usual -confidence of an unskilful beginner, I at once presumed to style myself -“drawing-master.” However, my slender abilities, or rather industry, -were noticed by my kind patrons, who soon recommended me to pupils, and -by that pursuit I was enabled, with some increase of talent, to support -myself for several years. It is rather extraordinary that mimicry with -me was not confined to the voice, for I could in many instances throw -my features into a resemblance of the person whose voice I imitated. -Indeed, so ridiculous were several of these gesticulations, that I -remember diverting one of my companions by endeavouring to look like the -various lion-headed knockers as we passed through a long street. Skilful, -however, as I was declared to be in some of my attempts, I could not in -any way manage the dolphin knockers in Dean Street, Fetter Lane. Their -ancient and fish-like appearance was certainly many fathoms beyond my -depth; and as much by reason of my being destitute of gills, and the nose -of that finny tribe, extending nearly in width to its tremendous mouth, I -was obliged to give up the attempt. - -When first I saw these knockers, which were all of solid brass, seventeen -of the doors of the four-and-twenty houses in Dean Street were adorned -with them, and the good housewives’ care was to keep them as bright as -the chimney-sweeper’s ladle on May-day. As my mind from my earliest -remembrance was of an inquisitive nature, my curiosity urged me to learn -why this street, above all others, was thus adorned; and my inquiry was, -as I then thought, at once answered satisfactorily. - -This ground and the houses upon it belong to the Fishmongers’ Company, -was the answer returned by one of the oldest inhabitants; and the -heraldic reader will recollect that the arms of that worshipful and -ancient body are dolphins. Not being satisfied with this assertion, -however, I went to Fishmongers’ Hall, and was there assured that the -Company never had any property in Dean Street, Fetter Lane. On the 17th -of May, 1829, I visited this street in order to see how many of my -brazen-faced acquaintances exposed themselves, and I found that Dean -Street was nearly as deficient in its dolphin knockers as a churchyard is -of its earliest tombstones, for out of seventeen only three remained.[225] - -In the commencement of this year I took lodgings in Gerrard Street, and -acquiesced in the regulations of my landlady; one of the principal of -which was, that I never was to expect to be let in after twelve o’clock, -unless the servant was apprised of my staying out later, and then she -was to be permitted to sit up for me. Being in my twenty-first year, of -a lively disposition, and moreover fond of theatrical representations, -I did not at all times “remember twelve”; for although Mrs. Siddons -sounded it so emphatically upon my ear, I could never quit the theatre -till half an hour after. My finances at this period being sometimes too -slender to afford an additional lodging for the night, and not often -venturing to expose myself to insult, or the artful and designing, by -perambulating the city, unless the moon invited me, I fortunately hit -upon the following expedient, which not only sheltered me from rain, -but afforded me a seat by the fireside. I either used to go to the -watch-house of St. Paul, Covent Garden, or that of St. Anne, Soho; so, -having made myself free of both by agreeing with the watch-house keeper -to stand the expense of two pots of porter upon every nocturnal visit, I -was enabled to see what is called “life and human nature.” - -[Illustration: A LONDON WATCH HOUSE] - -One of the curious scenes witnessed upon a more recent occasion afforded -me no small amusement. Sir Harry Dinsdale, usually called Dimsdale, a -short, feeble little man, was brought in to St. Anne’s watch-house, -charged by two colossal guardians of the night with conduct most unruly. -“What have you, Sir Harry, to say to all this?” asked the Dogberry of -St. Anne. The knight, who had been roughly handled, commenced like a -true orator, in a low tone of voice, “May it please ye, my magistrate, -I am not drunk; it is _languor_. A parcel of the bloods of the Garden -have treated me cruelly, because I would not treat them. This day, Sir, -I was sent for by Mr. Sheridan to make my speech upon the table at the -Shakspeare Tavern, in _Common_ Garden; he wrote the speech for me, and -always gives me half a guinea, when he sends for me to the tavern. You -see I didn’t go in my Royal robes; I only put ’um on when I stand to be -member.” Constable--“Well, but Sir Harry, why are you brought here?” One -of the watchmen then observed, “That though Sir Harry was but a little -_shambling_ fellow, he was so _upstroppolus_ and kicked him about at such -a rate, that it was as much as he and his comrade could do to bring him -along.” As there was no one to support the charge, Sir Harry was advised -to go home, which, however, he swore he would not do at midnight without -an escort. “Do you know,” said he, “there’s a parcel of _raps_ now on the -outside waiting for me.” - -The constable of the night gave orders for him to be protected to the -public-house opposite the west end of St. Giles’s Church, where he then -lodged. Sir Harry hearing a noise in the street, muttered, “I shall catch -it; I know I shall.” “See the conquering hero comes” (_cries without_). -“Ay, they always use that tune when I gain my election at Garrett.” - -Although many of my readers may recollect Sir Harry Dinsdale, yet it -may be well for the information of others to state who and what he was. -Before I commence his history, however, I should observe that the death -of Sir Jeffery Dunstan, a dealer in old wigs, who had been for many years -returned member for Garrett, first gave popularity to Harry Dinsdale, -who, from the moment he stood as candidate, received mock knighthood, -and was ever after known under the appellation of “Sir Harry.”[226] -There are several portraits of this singular little object, by some -called “Honeyjuice,” as well as of his more whimsical predecessor, Sir -Jeffery Dunstan, better known as “Old Wigs.” Sir Harry exercised the -itinerant trade of a muffinman in the afternoon; he had a little bell, -which he held to his ear, smiling ironically at its tingling. His cry -was “Muffins! muffins! ladies come buy _me_! pretty, handsome, blooming, -smiling maids.” Flaxman the sculptor, and Mrs. Mathew, of blue-stocking -memory, equipped him as a hardware man, and as such I made two etchings -of him. - -[Illustration: SIR HARRY DINSDALE - -MAYOR OF GARRAT AND EMPEROR ANTI-NAPOLEON] - -[Illustration: SIR JEFFERY DUNSTAN - -“His first appearance on any stage.”] - -Many a time when I had no inclination to go to bed at the dawn of day, -I have looked down from my window to see whether the author of the -_Sublime and Beautiful_ had left his drawing-room, where I had seen that -great orator during many a night after he had left the House of Commons, -seated at a table covered with papers, attended by an amanuensis who -sat opposite to him.[227] Major Money, who had nearly been lost at sea -with his balloon, at that time lodged in the same house. Of the Major’s -perilous situation at sea, the elder Reinagle made a spirited picture, -of which there is an engraving.[228] - -In this year I had the honour for the first time of exhibiting at the -Royal Academy. My production was a portrait of the venerable beech-tree -which stood within memory at a short distance from Sand-pit Gate, in -Windsor Forest, and which tree has been so admirably painted by West. -This picture, which measures five feet in height and seven in length, was -sold by auction at Mr. West’s house, in May 23rd, 1829. My drawing, as -well as many of my studies made from that delightful display of forest -scenery, was highly finished in black chalk; it was purchased by the late -Earl of Warwick, who was not only an admirable draughtsman himself, but -kind to young artists. By that nobleman I was introduced to the Hon. F. -Charles Greville [the Earl’s brother and a Vice-President of the Royal -Society], whose taste for the Fine Arts is too well known to need any -eulogium from me.[229] This gentleman gave Cipriani above one hundred -guineas for an elaborate drawing of the famous Barberini vase, brought -to England by Sir William Hamilton.[230] Several learned writers have -given their conjectures as to the subject so beautifully sculptured on -this vase; but I understand that nothing has been adduced as yet that -sufficiently elucidates it. This vase is deposited in the British Museum. - -This grey and silver beech was the loftiest in the forest, and -particularly beautiful when the sun shone upon its ancient limbs; his -capacious and hollow trunk, with a small additional hut, afforded -accommodation for a woodman, his wife, four children, a sow and a -numerous litter of pigs. This happy family retreat, which had frequently -been noticed by King George III., was at last unavoidably obliged, -from the symptoms it exhibited of falling, to submit to the woodman’s -axe--that woodman whose family had weathered many a storm, and had been -screened from the scorching sunbeams under its majestic branches, several -of which, by reason of its “bald and high antiquity,” had not issued -foliage for many a summer. The King, however, who never suffered the -humblest of his subjects whose industry he had noticed, to sigh under -calamity, ordered a snug, neat brick cottage to be built for the honest -occupant and his dependents, which was erected in the same forest, and at -as short a distance as possible from the former residence. - -One curious and interesting discovery resulted from the demolition of -this venerable tree. The woodman, who had allowed the smoke from his -peat-piled fire to pass through one of the hollow limbs of the tree for -several years without sweeping it, had, by accumulated incrustations, -produced a mass of the finest brown colour, resembling the present -appearance of that used by Rembrandt, so much coveted by the English -artists. The discovery was made by Mr. Paul Sandby, who was fortunately -passing at the time the timber was on the ground, who immediately secured -a tolerable quantity to enable him to prove that the smoke from forest -fuel, united with the heated branch of a hollow and aged beech, produced -the finest bistre: his son, the present Mr. Sandby, gave me a lump of it, -which I presented to the late Sir George Beaumont.[231] Having mentioned -this bistre to several Roman artists, they informed me that a strong -decoction of the sap of the ilex, or evergreen oak, produces a colour -nearly similar; and of this I have had satisfactory proof. These, and -suchlike bistres, would be much safer for the artist to use than that -called sepia, which is made from the ink of the cuttle-fish, which, being -a marine production, ever retains its saline and pernicious qualities, -as may be seen in several of the numerous drawings made by Guercino, -where the colour has left a blot, which has completely eaten through the -paper. However, after all the trials of our experimentalists to match the -present tint of Rembrandt’s drawings, and however pleasingly ingenious -their discoveries have been, still I am inclined to believe that much, if -not the whole, of the effect of old drawings is owing to that produced -by time; and in this idea I am borne out by a small drawing which the -ever-to-be-revered Flaxman made with a pen in common writing-ink: he drew -it when I was a lad, and it is now a deep rich brown. May we not also -fairly conclude, from the brown tint of most of our old manuscripts, -that time has thus operated upon the ink? if so, the question is, what -will the future colour of that which we now use in imitation, consisting -of many ingredients, be, after fifty-five years, the elapsed time since -I received my drawing from the kind hand of Flaxman? It is a curious -fact, however, that the ink used by the ancient Egyptians on nearly two -hundred specimens of the written inscriptions on papyrus collected by Mr. -Salt,[232] now in the British Museum, are as jet a black as Cozens’s[233] -blotting-ink, or Day and Martin’s far-famed blacking. - - -1788. - -Although not considered an Adonis by the ladies, yet most of those to -whom I had the pleasure to be known, noticed me as a favourite, and by -some my appearance in company was cordially greeted. “Friend Thomas,” -asked one, “pray what play didst thou see last night?” With this -appellation I was frequently addressed, in consequence of my mother -having been a member of the Society of Friends. “_Love’s Labour Lost_,” -being my answer to the pre-engaged fair one, uttered perhaps with a -smile, she was induced to rejoin, “If you had not hitherto been so blind -a son of Venus, you would not have lost my smiles.” After this rebuke, -my pursuit became brisker, and I at last fixed my heart upon my first -wife.[234] Upon becoming a Benedict, I partly recovered the use of my -senses, gave up my clubs, dissolved many connections, and in order to -be faithful to my pledge, “to love and to cherish,” I applied myself -steadily to my etching-table, and commenced a series of quarto plates, -to illustrate Mr. Pennant’s truly interesting account of our great city -(entitled _Some Account of London_), which I dedicated to my patron, Sir -James Winter Lake, Bart. - -Sir James was a governor of the Hudson’s Bay Company,--a situation, it is -well known, he filled with credit to himself as well as the satisfaction -of every one connected with that highly-respected body. Sir James most -kindly invited me to take a house near him at Edmonton, where I had the -honour, for the space of seven years, of enjoying the steady friendship -of himself and family. Lady Lake, who then retained much of her youthful -beauty, by her elegance of language and extreme affability charmed every -one. To clever people of every description she was kind, and benevolent -to the poor. - -The Lake family consisted of Sir James, his lady, their sons, James, -Willoughby, Atwill, and Andrew,--their daughters, Mary, Charlotte, and -Anne.[235] Their residence, which had long been their family mansion, -was distant about a mile from the Angel Inn, and was called “The Firs,” -in consequence of the approach to the house being planted on either side -with double rows of that tree. - -[Illustration: ELIZABETH CANNING - -“For my own part, I am not at all brought to believe her story.” - -_Horace Walpole_] - - -1789. - -This year proved more lucrative to me than any preceding, for at this -time I professed portrait painting both in oils and crayons; but, alas! -after using a profusion of carmine, and placing many an eye straight -that was misdirected, before another season came, my exertions were -mildewed by a decline of orders, owing not only to the salubrity of the -air of Edmonton, but to the regularity of those who had sat to me, for -they would neither die nor quit their mansions, but kept themselves snug -within their King-William iron gates and red-brick-crested piers, so that -there was no accommodation for new-comers; nor would the red land-owners -allow one inch of ground to the Tooley Street Camomile Cottage -builders.[236] However, I experienced enough to convince me that, had I -diverged along the cross-roads towards the Bald-faced Stag, the highway -to the original Tulip-tree at Waltham Abbey, or the green lanes to -Hornsey Wood House, I might have considerably increased my income; but -this would have been impossible without a conveyance. Nevertheless, as -it was, the reader will hardly believe that my marches of fame were far -more extensive than those of Major Sturgeon;[237] his were confined to -marches and counter-marches, from Ealing to Acton, and from Acton to -Ealing, next-door neighbours: now, my doves took a circuitous flight from -Tottenham to “Kicking Jenny” at Southgate; then to Enfield, ay, even to -its very Wash, rendered notorious by Mary Squires and Bet Canning;[238] -thence over Walton’s famed river Lea: thence up to Chingford’s -ivy-mantled tower; down again, crossing the Lea with the lowing herd, to -Tottenham High Cross, finishing where they put up on the embattlements of -the once noble Castle of Bruce. - -It was in the centre of the above vicinities, at “Edmonton so gay,” -the rendezvous of Shakspeare’s merry devil,[239] that _I profiled, -three-quartered, full-faced_, and _buttoned up_ the retired -embroidered weavers, their crummy wives, and tightly-laced daughters. -Ay, those were the days! my friends of the loom, as Tom King declared in -the prologue to _Bon Ton_, when Mother Fussock could ride in a one-horse -chaise, warm from Spitalfields, on a Sunday![240] - - -1790. - -Many a rural walk have I and my beloved enjoyed, accompanied by our -uninvited, playful, tailed butterfly-hunter, through the lonely -honeysuckled lanes to the “Widow Colley’s,” whose nut-brown, mantling -home-brewed could have stood the test with that of Skelton’s far-famed -Elyn--the ale-wife of England, upon whose October skill Henry VIII.’s -Poet Laureate sang.[241] Sometimes our strolls were extended to old -Matthew Cook’s Ferry, by the side of the Lea, so named after him, and -well known to many a Waltonian student. Matthew generally contrived to -keep sixteen cats, all of the finest breed, and, as cats go, of the -best of tempers, all of whom he had taught distinct tricks; but it was -his custom morning and evening to make them regularly, one after the -other, leap over his hands joined as high as his arms could reach: and -this attention to his cats, which occupied nearly the whole of his -time, afforded him as much pleasure as Hartry, the cupper in May’s -Buildings,[242] and his assistant could receive in phlebotomizing, in -former days, above one hundred customers on a Sunday morning, that being -the only leisure time the industrious mechanic could spare for the -operation. - -Melancholy as Cook’s Ferry is during the winter, it is still more so -in the time of an inundation, when it is almost insupportable; and -had not Matty enjoyed the society of his cats, who certainly kept the -house tolerably free from rats and mice, at the accustomed time of a -high flood he must have been truly wretched. In this year, during one -of these visitations, in order to gratify my indefatigable curiosity, -I visited him over the meadows, partly in a cart and partly in a boat, -conducted by his baker and Tom Fogin, his barber. We found him standing -in a washing-tub, dangling a bit of scrag of mutton before the best fire -existing circumstances could produce, in a room on the ground floor, -knee-deep in water, whilst he ever and anon raised his voice to his cats -in the room above, where he had huddled them for safety. - -The baker, after delivering his bread in at the window, and I, after -fastening our skiff to the shutter-hook, waited the return of Fogin, who -had launched himself into a tub to shave Matthew, who had perched himself -on the coroneted top of a tall Queen Anne’s chair, and drawn his feet as -much under him as possible, and then, with the palms of his hands flat -upon his knees to keep the balance true, was prepared to suck in Fogin’s -tales in the tub during his shave. Tom retailed all the scandal he had -been able to collect during the preceding week from the surrounding -villages; how Dolly _alias_ Matthew Booth, a half-witted fellow, was -stoutly caned by old John Adams, the astronomical schoolmaster, for -calling him “a moon-hauler,”--how Mr. Wigston trespassed on Miss -Thoxley’s waste,--of the sisters Tatham being called the “wax dolls” -of Edmonton, whose chemises Bet Nun had declared only measured sixteen -inches in diameter,--of old Fuller, the banker, riding to Ponder’s End -with a stone in his mouth to keep it moist, in order to save the expense -of drink,--upon Farmer Bellows’s and old Le Grew’s psalm-singing,--of -Alderman Curtis and his Southgate grapery, and of his neighbour, a divine -gentlem--_man_, I had very nearly called him, who had horsewhipped his -wife. - - -1791. - -I remember on a midsummer morn of this year making one of a party of -pleasure, consisting of the worthy baronet Sir James Lake, the elder John -Adams,[243] schoolmaster of Edmonton, Samuel Ireland,[244] author of the -_Thames_, _Medway_, etc. We started from my cottage at Edmonton, and took -the road north. The first house we noticed was an old brick mansion at -the extreme end of the town, erected at about the time of King Charles -I., opposite butcher Wright’s. This dilapidated fabric was let out in -tenements, and the happiest of its inmates was a gay old woman who lived -in one of its numerous attics. She gained her bread by spinning, and as -we ascended she was singing the old song of “Little boy blue, come blow -me your horn” to a neighbour’s child, left to her care for the day. -“Well, Mary,” quoth the a-b-c-darian, “you are always gay; what is your -opinion of the lads and lasses of the present time, compared with those -of your youthful days?” “I’ faith,” answered Mary, “they are pretty much -the same.” She was then considerably beyond her eightieth year. We then -proceeded to Ponder’s End, where I conducted my fellow-travellers to a -field on the left, behind the Goat public-house, to see “King Ringle’s -Well,” but why so called even Mr. Gough has declared he was unable to -discover.[245] - -The next place we visited consisted of extensive moated premises, called -“Durance,” on the right of the public road. This house, as tradition -reported, had been the residence of Judge Jeffreys; and here it is said -that he exercised some severities upon the Protestants.[246] - -We then returned through Green Street; and at a cottage we discovered -an Elizabethan door, profusely studded with flat-headed nails. This -piece of antiquity Samuel Ireland stopped to make a drawing of, which -circumstance I beg the reader will keep in mind, as it will be mentioned -hereafter. We then, after descanting upon the beauties of Waltham Cross, -proposed to visit the father of the Tulip-trees, an engraving of which -appeared in Farmer’s _History of Waltham Abbey_.[247] We looked in vain -for a portion of King Harold’s tomb. There were remains of it in Strutt’s -early days: he made a drawing of them. Our next visit was to a small -ancient elliptic bridge in a field a little beyond the pin-manufactory; -this bridge has ever been held as a great curiosity, and one of high -antiquity. As we returned through Cheshunt, we rummaged over a basket of -old books placed at the door of the barber’s shop, where Sir James Lake -bought an excellent copy of Brooke’s _Camden’s Errors_ for sixpence, -and also an imperfect copy of Burton’s _Anatomy of Melancholy_, for the -sake of a remarkably fine impression of a portrait of its author on -the title-page. After dining at the Red Lion, we visited another old -moated mansion, the property of Dr. Mayo, said to have been originally -a house belonging to Cardinal Wolsey, or in which he had at one time -resided.[248] After crossing a drawbridge, and passing through the iron -gates, the gardener ushered us into a spacious hall, and showed us a -curiously constructed chair, in which he said the Cardinal’s porter -usually sat. Of this singular chair above mentioned I made a drawing, and -had the honour to furnish the late Marquis of Lansdowne with a copy, to -enable his Lordship to have a set made from it. In an adjoining room was -a bedstead and furniture, considered to be that in which the Cardinal -had slept; it was of a drab-coloured cloth, profusely worked over with -large flowers in variously coloured silks. We were then conducted to an -immense room filled with old portraits. I recollect noticing one in very -excellent preservation of Sir Hugh Myddelton, with an inscription on the -background totally differing from the one by Cornelius Janssen, engraved -by Vertue.[249] Thus ended this pleasant excursion. - - -1792. - -That Vandyke did not possess that liberal patron in King Charles I. -which his biographers have hitherto stated, is unquestionably a fact, -which can be proved by a long bill which I have lately seen (by the -friendly indulgence of Mr. Lemon[250] and his son), in the State Paper -Office, docketed by the King’s own hand. For instance, the picture of his -Majesty dressed for the chase (which I conjecture to be the one engraved -by Strange),[251] for which Vandyke had charged £200, the King, after -erasing that sum, inserted £100; and down in proportion, nay, in some -instances they suffered a further reduction. Of several of the works -charged in the bill, which his Majesty marked as intended presents to his -friends, I recollect one of two that were to be given to Lord Holland was -reduced to the sum of £60. Other pictures in the bill the King marked -with a cross, which is explained at the back by Endymion Porter, that as -those were to be paid for by the Queen, the King had left them for her -Majesty to reduce at pleasure. - -That a daughter of Vandyke was allowed a pension for sums owing by -King Charles I. to her father, is also true, as there is a petition -in consequence of its being discontinued still preserved in the State -Paper Office, in which that lady declares herself to be plunged into the -greatest distress, adding that she had been cheated by the purchaser of -her late father’s estate, who never paid for it.[252] - -It would be the height of vanity in me to offer anything beyond what the -author of _The Sublime and Beautiful_ has said of Sir Joshua Reynolds, -who died this year at his house in Leicester Square.[253] As Mr. Burke’s -character of this most powerful of painters may not be in the possession -of all my readers, I shall here reprint it.[254] - - “The illness of Sir Joshua Reynolds was long, but borne with - a mild and cheerful fortitude, without the least mixture of - anything irritable or querulous, agreeably to the placid and - even tenor of his whole life. - - “He had, from the beginning of his malady, a distinct view - of his dissolution; and he contemplated it with that entire - composure which nothing but the innocence, integrity, and - usefulness of his life, and unaffected submission to the will - of Providence, could bestow. In this situation he had every - consolation from family tenderness, which his own kindness to - his family had indeed well deserved. - - “Sir Joshua Reynolds was, on very many accounts, one of the - most memorable men of his time. He was the first Englishman - who added the praise of the elegant arts to the other glories - of his country. In taste, in grace, in facility, in happy - invention, and in the richness and harmony of colouring, he was - equal to the great masters of the renowned ages. In portrait he - was beyond them; for he communicated to that description of the - art, in which English artists are the most engaged, a variety, - a fancy, and a dignity derived from the higher branches, which - even those who professed them in a superior manner did not - always preserve, when they delineated individual nature. His - portraits remind the spectator of the invention of history and - the amenity of landscape. In painting portraits, he appeared - not to be raised upon that platform, but to descend to it from - a higher sphere. His paintings illustrate his lessons; and his - lessons seem to be derived from his paintings. He possessed the - theory as perfectly as the practice of his art. To be such a - painter, he was a profound and penetrating philosopher. - - “In full happiness of foreign and domestic fame, admired by - the expert in art, and by the learned in science, courted by - the great, caressed by sovereign powers, and celebrated by - distinguished poets, his native humility, modesty, and candour - never forsook him, even on surprise or provocation, nor was the - least degree of arrogance or assumption visible to the most - scrutinising eye, in any part of his conduct or discourse. - - “His talents of every kind, powerful from nature, and not - meanly cultivated by letters--his social virtues in all the - relations and in all the habitudes of life--rendered him the - centre of a very great and unparalleled variety of agreeable - societies, which will be dissipated by his death. He had too - much merit not to excite some jealousy, too much innocence to - provoke any enmity. The loss of no man of his time can be felt - with more sincere, general, and unmixed sorrow. ‘Hail! and - farewell!’” - -The following letter was addressed to me by my worthy friend Colonel -Phillips:[255]-- - - “DEAR SIR,--If it was not for having you older than your - friends would wish you, I should be glad you had been of the - party, where I heard an argument between Dr. Johnson and Sir - Joshua Reynolds, on the wonderful power of the human eye. Dr. - Johnson made a quotation which I do not remember. ‘Sir,’ said - Sir Joshua, in reply, ‘that divine effect is produced by the - parts appertaining to the eye, and not from its globe, as is - generally supposed; the skull must be justly proportioned.’ - - “_Mrs. Cholmondeley._[256]--‘My dear Sir Joshua, was there - nothing in the magic of Garrick’s eye? its comicality. The Duke - of Richmond, the Duke of Dorset, and young Sheridan[257] have - superb eyes; but I don’t know what effect they would have on - the stage.’ - - “_Sir Joshua._--‘Little or none, Madam; the great beauty - of the Duke of Richmond’s eye proceeded from its fine and - uncommon colour, dark blue, which would be totally lost on the - stage, the light being constantly either too high or too low. - Garrick’s eye, unaccompanied by the action of his mouth, would - not fascinate. When you are near a person, a pretty woman for - instance, and have a good light, the contraction and expansion - of the pupilla, which bids defiance to our art, is delightful; - it is more perceptible in fine grey and light blue eyes, than - in any other colour. We, however, cannot deny the majestic look - of the Belvedere Apollo, though unassisted by iris, pupil, - eye-lashes, or colour.’ - - “_Dr. Johnson._--‘Sir, a tiger’s eye, and, I am told, a - snake’s, will intimidate birds, so that they will drop from - trees for its prey, without using their wings.’ - - “After Dr. Johnson had quaffed about twenty-four cups of tea, - he gave a blow of considerable length from his mouth, drew his - breath, and said, ‘Sir, I believe you are right, it is but - rational to suppose so: I wish that rogue Burke was here.’ - - “I am sorry, my dear Sir, that my memory is not better, so as - to give you verbatim what passed. I feel like a person giving - evidence in a court, trammelled by the apprehension of saying - too much, or, as a late friend of mine said, ‘remembering a - great many circumstances that never happened;’ and I only write - this to show my readiness to comply with any request you could - possibly make of your obliged friend, - - “M. PHILLIPS.” - - “If you ask how it comes, the faithful Bossy was not present; - Bossy was not always producible after dinner.” - -[Illustration: RICHARD BRINSLEY SHERIDAN - -“Tell Lady Besborough that my eyes will look up to the coffin-lid as -brightly as ever.”] - -“_Wednesday, 27th March._ - -ROYAL BUN HOUSE, CHELSEA, - -GOOD FRIDAY. - -_No Cross Buns._ - -“Mrs. Hand respectfully informs her friends, and the public, that in -consequence of the great concourse of people which assembled before her -house at a very early hour, on the morning of Good Friday; by which her -neighbours (with whom she has always lived in friendship and repute) have -been much alarmed and annoyed; it having also been intimated, that to -encourage or countenance a tumultuous assembly at this particular period, -might be attended with consequences more serious than have hitherto been -apprehended; desirous, therefore, of testifying her regard and obedience -to those laws by which she is happily protected, she is determined, -though much to her loss, not to sell _Cross Buns_ on that day, to any -person whatever;--but Chelsea Buns as usual. - -“Mrs. Hand would be wanting in gratitude to a generous public, who, for -more than fifty years past, have so warmly patronised and encouraged -her shop, to omit so favourable an opportunity of offering her sincere -acknowledgments for their kind favours; at the same time, to assure them -she will, to the utmost of her power, endeavour to merit a continuance of -them.”[258] - - -1794. - -The origin of wooden tessellated floors having been a subject of -much inquiry among many of my friends, I here insert a copy of an -advertisement introduced in a catalogue of books, published 1676, under -the licence of Roger L’Estrange.[259] - -“There is now in the press, and almost finished, that excellent piece -of architecture,[260] written by Andrea Palladio, translated out of -Italian, with an Appendix, touching Doors and Windows, by Pierre le Muet, -Architect to the French King: translated out of French, by G. R.; also -Rules and Demonstrations, with several designs for the framing any manner -of Roofs, either above pitch, or under pitch, whether square or bevel; -never published before; with designs of Floors of Variety of small pieces -of Wood, lately made in the Palace of the Queen-Mother, at Somerset -House--a curiosity never practised in England. - -“The third Edition, corrected and enlarged, with the new model of the -Cathedral of St. Paul’s as it is now building.” - -The floors of the oldest parts of the British Museum,[261] retained -specimens of this tessellated work, until they were removed on the -construction of the new building. - - -1795. - -Having often heard my father expatiate upon the extraordinary talents -of Keyse,[262] the proprietor of Bermondsey Spa, as a painter, I went -one July evening to Hungerford, and engaged “Copper Holmes”[263] to -scull me to “Pepper Alley Stairs”; from thence I proceeded to the -gardens. This I was the more anxious to accomplish, as that once famed -place of recreation was most rapidly on the decline. I entered under a -semicircular awning next to the proprietor’s house, which I well remember -was a large wooden-fronted building, consisting of long square divisions, -in imitation of scantlings of stone. My surprise was great, for no one -appeared, but three idle waiters, and they were clumped for the want of -a call. The space before the orchestra, which was about a quarter the -size of that of Vauxhall, was in the centre, totally destitute of trees, -the few that these gardens could then boast of being those planted close -to the fronts of the surrounding boxes of accommodation, as a screen to -prevent the public from overlooking the gardens. - -My attention was attracted by a board with a ruffled hand, within a -sky-blue painted sleeve, pointing to the staircase which led “To the -Gallery of Paintings.” In this room I at first considered myself as the -only spectator; and as the evening sun shone brilliantly, the refraction -of the lights gave me a splendid and uninterrupted view of the numerous -pictures with which it was closely hung, each of which had just claims -to my attention, as I found myself frequently walking backwards to enjoy -their deceptive effects. When I had gone round the gallery, which by -the bye was oblong, and in size similar to that of the Academician, J. -M. W. Turner, in Queen Anne Street, I voluntarily recommenced my view, -but, in stepping back to study the picture of the Green-stall, “I ask -your pardon,” said I, for I had trodden upon some one’s toes; “Sir, it -is granted,” replied a little thick-set man, with a round face, arch -look, closely curled wig, surmounted by a small three-cornered hat, -put very knowingly on one side, not unlike Hogarth’s head in his print -of the Gates of Calais. “You are an artist, I presume; I noticed you -from the end of the gallery when you first stepped back to look at my -best picture. I painted all the objects in this room from nature and -still life.” “Your Greengrocer’s Shop,” said I, “is inimitable; the -drops of water on that Savoy appear as if they had just fallen from the -element. Van Huysum could not have pencilled them with greater delicacy.” -“What do you think,” said he, “of my Butcher’s Shop?” “Your pluck is -bleeding fresh, and your sweetbread is in a clean plate.” “How do you -like my bull’s eye?” “Why it would be a most excellent one for Adams or -Dollond[264] to lecture upon. Your knuckle of veal is the finest I ever -saw.” “It’s young meat,” replied he; “any one who is a judge of meat can -tell that from the blueness of its bone.” “What a beautiful white you -have used on the fat of that South Down leg! or is it Bagshot?”[265] - -“Yes,” said he, “my solitary visitor, it is Bagshot; and as for my white, -that is the best Nottingham, which you or any artist can procure at Stone -and Puncheon’s, in Bishopsgate Street Within. Sir Joshua Reynolds,” -continued Mr. Keyse, “paid me two visits. On the second, he asked me -what white I had used; and when I told him, he observed, ‘It is very -extraordinary, Sir, how it keeps so bright; I use the same.’ ‘Not at all, -Sir,’ I rejoined: ‘the doors of this gallery are open day and night; and -the admission of fresh air, together with the great expansion of light -from the sashes above, will never suffer the white to turn yellow. Have -you not observed, Sir Joshua, how white the posts and rails on the public -roads are, though they have not been repainted for years?--that arises -from constant air and bleaching.’ - -[Illustration: J. M. W. TURNER, R.A. - -FROM A WATER-COLOUR SKETCH BY J. T. SMITH] - -“Come,” said Mr. Keyse, putting his hand upon my shoulder, “the bell -rings, not for prayers, nor for dinner, but for the song.” As soon as -we had reached the orchestra, the singer curtsied to us, for we were -the only persons in the gardens. “This is sad work,” said he, “but the -woman must sing according to our contract.” I recollect that the singer -was handsome, most dashingly dressed, immensely plumed, and villainously -rouged; she smiled as she sang, but it was not the bewitching smile of -Mrs. Wrighten,[266] then applauded by thousands at Vauxhall Gardens. -As soon as the Spa lady had ended her song, Keyse, after joining me -in applause, apologised for doing so, by observing that, as he never -suffered his servants to applaud, and as the people in the road (whose -ears were close to the cracks in the paling to hear the song), would make -a bad report if they had not heard more than the clapping of one pair of -hands, he had in this instance expressed his reluctant feelings. - -As the lady retired from the front of the orchestra, she, to keep herself -in practice, curtsied to me with as much respect as she would had Colonel -Topham been the patron of a gala night.[267] “This is too bad,” again -observed Keyse; “and I am sure you cannot expect fireworks!” However, -he politely asked me to partake of a bottle of Lisbon, which upon my -refusing, he pressed me to accept of a catalogue of his pictures. - -Blewitt[268] (who at that time lived in Bermondsey Square), the scholar -of Jonathan Battishill,[269] was the composer for the Spa establishment. -The following verse is the first of his most admired composition,--“In -lonely cot by Humber’s side.” - -My old and worthy friend _Joseph_ Caulfield,[270] Blewitt’s favourite -pupil, of whom he learned thorough bass, related to me the following -anecdote of a musical composer, as told him by his master:--“When I -was going upstairs,” said Blewitt, “to the attics, where one of my -instructors lived (for I had many), I hesitated on the second-floor -landing-place, upon hearing my master and his wife at high words. ‘Get -you gone!’ said the lofty paper-ruffled composer, ‘retire to your -apartments!’ This command of her lord she did not immediately obey; -however, in a short time after, I heard the clattering of plates against -the wall, and upon entering the room, I discovered that the lady had -retired, but not before she had covered the whitewashed wall profusely -with the unbroiled sprats.” - -“I was at a musical party,” continued my friend Joseph, “at Lord -Sandwich’s,[271] in Hertford Street, Mayfair, when, among other -specimens of the best masters, I heard Battishill’s beautiful composition -of - - “Amidst the myrtles as I walk, - Love and myself thus entered talk, - ‘Tell me,’ said I, in deep distress, - ‘Where I may find my Shepherdess.’”[272] - -Upon expressing my pleasure at hearing the above performed in so superior -a style, his Lordship told me he had written a sequel, which he thus -repeated:-- - - “Love said to me, ‘Thou faithful swain, - Thy search in myrtle groves is vain; - Examine well thy noblest part, - Thou’lt find her seated in thy heart.’” - -It appears that in poetry, as well as in painting and prints, and also -in dwellings, decorations, and dress, there has ever been a fashion for -a time. Battishill was the composer of that justly celebrated glee, -commencing with “Underneath this _myrtle_ shade.” Myrtles, after having -had a great run, were succeeded by Cupid’s darts; and that little rogue -Love played _old gooseberry_ with the hearts of Chloes and Colins, Robins -and Robinets; then the ever-blooming lasses of Patterdale and Richmond -Hill attracted our giddy notice. These were succeeded by “Bacchus in -green ivy bound,” giving “Joy and pleasure all around.” After that, -moonlight meetings were preferred, and “Buy a broom, ladies,” was -continually dinning our ears “through and through.” - - -1796. - -In the summer of this year, the late John Wigston, Esq., then of -Millfield House, Edmonton, having repeatedly expressed a wish to see the -famous George Morland before he commenced a collection of his pictures, -I having been known to that child of nature in my boyish days, offered -to introduce them to each other.[273] Morland then resided in Charlotte -Street, Fitzroy Square, in the house formerly inhabited by Sir Thomas -Apreece. He received us in the drawing-room, which was filled with -easels, canvases, stretching-frames, gallipots of colour, and oil-stones; -a stool, chair, and a three-legged table were the only articles of -furniture of which this once splendid apartment could then boast. Mr. -Wigston, his generous-hearted visitor, immediately bespoke a picture, for -which he gave him a draft for forty pounds, that sum being exactly the -money he then wanted; but this gentleman had, like most of that artist’s -employers, to ply him close for his picture. - -[Illustration: GEORGE MORLAND - -“There! go back and tell the pawnbroker to advance me five guineas more -upon it.”] - -As Mrs. Wigston had a great desire to see Morland, he was invited to -take a day’s sport with the hounds, which the artist accepted, with a -full assurance of punctuality. However, as usual with that eccentric -man, he only arrived time enough for dinner, accompanied by eight of -those persons denominated _his friends_. Mrs. Wigston, an elegant and -most accomplished lady, was in consequence deprived of a sight of this -far-famed genius. I was deputed by my honoured friend Mr. Wigston to -take Mrs. Wigston’s abdicated chair, and carved for this pretty set, -consisting of persons unaccustomed to sit at such a table. Our worthy -host soon discovered their strong propensity for spirituous liquors, -three of them even during dinner, instead of taking wine, of which there -were many sorts on the table, calling for a glass of brandy. After -hearing several jokes and humorous songs from some of the party, George -Morland declared he must go, having an engagement with Mrs. Laye, and -other friends, at “Otter’s Pool.”[274] - -When Morland and his party entered the stable-yard, the following -altercation took place between Mr. Wigston and his groom. - -_Mr. Wigston._--“Bring out these gentlemen’s horses.” - -_Groom._--“Horses, horses! they’ll find ’um at the ‘Two Jolly Brewers.’ -Horses, indeed!” - -_Mr. Wigston._--“And why, Sir, were they sent there?” - -_Groom._--“Why, I would not suffer such cattle to come near your stud; -for I never saw such a set-out in my life!” - -The party accordingly betook themselves to the “Brewers”; but upon our -return to the honest though rough diamond of a groom, he observed that it -was past two o’clock, and that the dog ought to have been let loose two -hours ago! - - -1797. - -Although my mother continued till the time of her death in the habit -of the Society of Friends, and my father followed most of the popular -Methodists, I, from my earliest days of reflection, gave a preference -to the Established Church of England. Notwithstanding this, my -inquisitiveness now and then induced me to hear celebrated preachers of -every sect. I remember one Sunday morning in this year, after intending -to enter some church on my way to dine with my great-aunt on Camberwell -Green, my ears were most agreeably greeted with the swelling pipes of -the Surrey Chapel organ.[275] Why, thinks I to myself, should not I -hear Rowland Hill? Surely it must be now full twenty years since I saw -him in Moorfields, at my last visit to the Tabernacle. In I accordingly -went; and though a smile with me was always deemed highly indecorous -during divine worship, yet the truth must out; I could not help sometimes -laughing--as heartily, though not so loudly, I hope, as all of us when -led into the enjoyment of Momus’s strongest fits by the inimitable -Mathews. - -No sooner was the sermon over and the blessing bestowed, than Rowland -electrified his hearers by vociferating, “Door-keepers, shut the doors!” -Slam went one door; bounce went another; bang went a third; at last, -all being anxiously silent as the most importantly unexpected scenes of -Sir Walter Scott could make them, the pastor, with a slow and dulcet -emphasis, thus addressed his congregation:--“My dearly beloved, I speak -it to my shame, that this sermon was to have been a charity sermon, -and if you will only look down into the green pew at those--let me -see--three and three are six, and one makes seven, young men with red -morocco prayer-books in their hands, poor souls! they were backsliders, -for they went on the Serpentine River, and other far distant waters, -on a Sabbath; they were, however, as you see, all saved from a watery -grave. I need not tell ye that my exertions were to have been for the -benefit of that benevolent institution the Humane Society.--_What!_ I -see some of ye already up to be gone; fie! fie! fie!--never heed your -dinners; don’t be Calibans, nor mind your pockets. I know that some of -ye are now attending to the devil’s whispers. I say, listen to me! take -my advice, give shillings instead of sixpences; and those who intended -to give shillings, display half-crowns, in order not only to thwart the -foul fiend’s mischievousness, but to get your pastor out of this scrape; -and if you do, I trust Satan will never put his foot within this circle -again. Hark ye! I have hit upon it; ye shall leave us directly. The Bank -Directors, you must know, have called in the dollars; now, if any of you -happen to be encumbered with a stale dollar or two, jingle the Spanish in -our dishes; we’ll take them, they’ll pass current here. Stay, my friends, -a moment more. I am to dine with the Humane Society on Tuesday next, and -it would shock me beyond expression to see the strings of the Surrey -Chapel lay dangle down its sides like the tags upon Lady Huntingdon’s -servants’ shoulders. Now, mind what I say, upon this occasion I wish for -a bumper as strenuously as Master Hugh Peters did, when he recommended -his congregation in Broadway Chapel to take a second glass.” It is -recorded that when he found the sand of his hour-glass had descended, he -turned it, saying, “Come, I know you to be jolly dogs, we’ll take t’other -glass.”[276] I understand that Rowland Hill is not made up of veneer, but -of solid well-seasoned stuff, with a heart of oak, and ever willing to -exercise kindness to his fellow-creatures, upon the system of my friend -Charles Lamb.[277] - -[Illustration: ROWLAND HILL - -“His ideas come red hot from the heart.” - -_Sheridan_] - -In May this year I applied to my worthy friend, Mr. John Constable, now a -Royal Academician, for any particulars which he might be able to procure -respecting Gainsborough, he being also a Suffolk man; and I had the -pleasure of receiving the following letter:-- - - “EAST BERGHOLT, _7th May, 1797_. - - “_Dear Friend Smith_,--If you remember, in my last I promised - to write again soon, and tell you what I could about - Gainsborough. I hope you will not think me negligent when I - inform you that I have not been able to learn anything of - consequence respecting him: I can assure you it is not for the - want of asking that I have not been successful, for indeed I - have talked with those who knew him. I believe in Ipswich - they did not know his value till they lost him. He belonged to - something of a musical club in that town, and painted some of - their portraits in a picture of a choir; it is said to be very - curious. - - “I heard it was in Colchester; I shall endeavour to see it - before I come to town, which will be soon. He was generally - the butt of the company, and his wig was to them a fund of - amusement, as it was often snatched from his head and thrown - about the room, etc.; but enough of this. I shall now give you - a few lines verbatim, which my friend Dr. Hamilton, of Ipswich, - was so good as to send me; though it amounts to nothing, I am - obliged to him for taking the commission. - - “‘I have not been neglectful of the inquiries respecting - Gainsborough, but have learned nothing worth your notice. - There is no vale or grove distinguished by his name in this - neighbourhood. There is a place up the river-side where he - often sat to sketch, on account of the beauty of the landscape, - its extensiveness, and richness in variety, both in the fore - and back grounds. It comprehended Bramford and other distant - villages on one side; and on the other side of the river - extended towards Nacton, etc. Friston alehouse must have been - near, for it seems he has introduced the Boot signpost in many - of his best pictures. Smart and Frost[278] (two drawing-masters - in Ipswich) often go there now to take views; whether they be - inspired from pressing the same sod with any of this great - painter’s genius, you are a better judge than I am. Farewell.’ - - “This, my dear friend, is the little all I have yet gained, - but though I have been unsuccessful, it does not follow that I - should relinquish my inquiries. If you want to know the exact - time of his birth, I will take a ride over to Sudbury, and look - into the register.[279] There is an exceeding fine picture of - his painting at Mr. Kilderby’s, in Ipswich. - - “Since I last wrote to you I have made another attempt at - etching; have succeeded a little better, but yet fall very - short. I shall send you an impression soon. - - “I doubt there is nothing in my last parcel of cottages worth - your notice; am obliged to you for the little sketch after - Hobbima. I understand the present exhibition is a very good - one; I understand Sir G. Beaumont excels. My friend Gubbins - informs me that you have finished Lady Plomer’s Palace,[280] - and that you have made a sketch from the fire in the Minories; - surely it must have put our friend C----h to the rout.[281] - Thine sincerely, - - “JOHN CONSTABLE.” - -Mrs. Pope, the actress, died this year in Half Moon Street, Piccadilly, -and was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey.[282] - -Being anxious to add something more to the memory of this amiable -character, I applied to her surviving husband; when that gentleman very -obligingly favoured me with the following copy of a record, which he made -soon after her death:-- - -“The best of women and the best of wives drew her last breath at -half-past two o’clock on Wednesday morning, the 15th of March, 1797. - -“Her illness lasted about seven weeks; her complaint palsy, beginning in -her head, and depriving her of the use of her left hand. Her death was an -awful lesson; her loss irreparable.”[283] - -In the room with the bow-window on the first-floor of the same house, Mr. -Pope[284] produced some excellent portraits in crayons, of persons of the -first fashion, many of them little inferior in every respect to those of -the celebrated Francis Cotes;[285] the inimitable whole-length portrait -of Grattan, of which there is an engraving, will be a lasting and mutual -record of the artist and patriot. The following letter, given to me by my -late worthy friend Dr. Mathew, was written by Mrs. Pope, to her friend -Mrs. Mathew, of Rathbone Place:-- - - “DUBLIN, _July 6th_. - - “I flatter myself that my ever loved and most highly esteemed - friends will be pleased to receive the assurance of my health, - and to know that I am in the possession of as much comfort as - _my_ mind is capable to receive out of England. Thank God, all - things as yet go on well, and the exertions of business do not - seem to do that injury to my health which I had great reason - to fear. We have acted six nights, _Jane Shore_ first, a _very - great_ house, _well received_, and Pope’s speech to _Gloster_ - twice repeated, which I think proves in a great degree the - loyalty of the people. - - “_Gloster’s_ speech, thus:-- - - “‘What if some patriot for the public good - Should vary from your scheme,--new mould the State? - - “‘_Hastings._--Curse on the innovating hand that ’tempts it! - Remember him, the villain, righteous Heaven, - In thy great day of vengeance: blast the traitor - And his pernicious counsels; who for wealth, - For power, the pride of greatness, or revenge, - Would plunge his native land in civil wars.’ - - “It is impossible to describe the effect this speech had on - the audience. I think you would have been gratified to have - heard it; it is the first time a speech in a tragedy was ever - repeated. Perhaps it proves the loyalty of this city. I hear - there are sad doings in the country parts of Ireland; I trust - we shall meet with nothing of it: we stay in Dublin all this - month, then go to Cork. Our second characters were _Mr._ and - _Mrs. Beverley_, highly esteemed and greatly spoken of; third, - _Belvidera_ and _Jaffier_--with good success. Their last new - play, _How to grow Rich_, twice; and yesterday _Elizabeth_ - and _Essex_, which, by the way, Pope acted well. Next week - _Columbus_. I count the nights, though now I trust I shall be - able to go through them all. So much for myself. - - “And now, my friends, let me beg that you will favour me with - a little account of yourselves. I ardently wish to hear that - you are all well and happy, in the full possession of that - _true felicity_, which your goodness of heart so justly merits. - God bless you both! Mr. Pope unites with me in respectful - remembrance to the Baron, and affectionate esteem to the whole - family, particularly in respect and affection to Mrs. and Miss - Mathew. Adieu: I don’t like to leave off, and yet I hardly - think you can read what I have already written. - - “Ever your most affectionate - - “E. POPE.” - - -1798. - -This year, in consequence of the death of Mr. Green,[286] who had been -drawing-master to Christ’s Hospital, I stood candidate for the situation; -and, though I was unsuccessful, my testimonials being so flattering, I -cannot withstand the temptation of printing them, whatever may be said by -my enemies, who may not be able to produce anything half so honourable. - - “May 10th, 1798. - - “We whose names are subscribed, having seen specimens of - drawings by John Thomas Smith, are of opinion that he is - qualified for the office of drawing-master in the school of - Christ’s Hospital. - - I not only think him qualified as an artist, but greatly to be - respected as a man. - - BENJAMIN WEST, PREST. R.A. - - Being not personally acquainted with Mr. J. T. Smith, I have - examined his performances, and I think him well qualified for - the above office. - - J. F. RIGAUD, R.A. - - I have known him from a child, and think him an honest man and - well _qualified_ for the office. - - JOSEPH NOLLEKENS, R.A. - - I have long been acquainted with Mr. J. T. Smith’s merits as a - good artist and a worthy man. - - JOHN FLAXMAN, Jun., - Sculptor, Associate R.A.; - R.A. of Florence and Carrara. - - We subscribe to the above opinion.-- - - W. BEECHEY, R.A. elect. - W. HAMILTON, R.A. - THOMAS STOTHARD, R.A. - JOHN RUSSELL, R.A. - J. BACON, R.A. - T. BANKS, R.A. - JAMES BARRY, R.A., - Professor of Painting. - JOHN OPIE, R.A. - R. COSWAY, R.A. - JAMES NORTHCOTE, R.A. - JOS. FARINGTON, R.A. - RICHARD WESTALL, R.A. - HENRY FUSELI, R.A. - H. COPLEY, R.A. - - I have long known Mr. Smith as an artist and respectable man, - and believe him to be perfectly capable of filling the office - he solicits with honour. - - P. REINAGLE, A. - - We subscribe to the above opinion. - - FRANCIS BARTOLOZZI, R.A. - RICHARD COLLINS. - CALEB WHITEFOORD. - - We have known Mr. Smith for upwards of fourteen years, and we - have found him an able drawing-master to our daughter, whose - drawings he has never touched upon; a practice too often - followed by drawing-masters in general: and we believe him to - be a truly valuable member of society, as a husband, father, - and good man. - - JAMES WINTER LAKE. - JESSY LAKE. - - We can never subscribe our names with greater satisfaction, - than in signifying the very high opinion we have of Mr. Smith, - both as to his talents and character. - - JAMES LAKE. - ATWILL LAKE. - - I fully subscribe to the above opinion, - - RICHARD WYATT, Milton Place. - - I believe Mr. Smith to be a very deserving man, and well - qualified for the situation he is ambitious of obtaining. - - JOHN CHARLES CROWLE. - - Thomas Allen has a great respect for Mr. Smith, both as a man - and an artist. - - JOSEPH WILLIAMSON, A.M., - Vicar of St. Dunstan in the West. - - I am personally acquainted with Mr. J. T. Smith, and esteem him - one of the best of men. - - JOHN BOYDELL, Alderman. - - I am happy to bear testimony to the character of Mr. Smith as a - man, and to find him so highly respected as an artist. - - T. THOMSON. - - I have long known Mr. Smith to be an ingenious artist, an able - instructor, and a benevolent and honest man. - - JOHN CRANCH. - - I have known Mr. Smith many years, and believe him very capable - of filling the office of drawing-master to Christ’s Hospital - with credit to himself and advantage to the charity. - - HENRY HOWARD. - - J. SWAINSON. - T. WHITTINGHAM. - J. NIXON, Basinghall Street. - HENRY SMITH, Drapers’ Hall. - ALEX. LEAN SMYTH, the Hudson’s Bay Company. - ARTHUR BALL, } - JOHN BROOME, } Hudson’s Bay House - GEORGE WHITEHEAD, Cateaton Street. - - Providence, which placed me next door to Mr. J. T. Smith for - several years, made me intimately acquainted with a faithful - husband, an affectionate father, and an honest man. - - CHARLES GOWER, M.D.” - -[Illustration: JAMES BARRY, R.A. - -“I reflect with horror upon such a fellow as I am, and with such a kind -of art, with house-rent to pay and employers to look for.”] - - -1799. - -On the 4th of August this year, died at his mansion in Rutland Square, -Dublin, the Right Hon. James, Earl of Charlemont,[287] who was born 18th -of August, 1728. This gentleman was truly a nobleman, for he was one of -the greatest patrons of the fine arts this country could boast of. He was -the great friend of Hogarth; bought many of his pictures, particularly -that most elegant performance so justly celebrated under the title of -“The Lady’s Last Stake,” so admirably engraven by Mr. Cheesman.[288] The -following is a copy of an original letter given to me by a late worthy -friend; it is addressed to the late Sir Lawrence Parsons, Bart.,[289] and -written by Lord Charlemont within eight months of his Lordship’s death. - - “DUBLIN, _12th Jan., 1799_. - - “MY DEAR SIR LAWRENCE,--As nothing has ever affected me - with more painful astonishment than the shameful apathy and - consequent silence of the country at the present desperate - crisis of our fate as a nation, so have I experienced few more - real pleasures than in having found, by the public papers, - that a meeting of your county, at least, has been called; a - pleasure which, though principally derived from my ardent - zeal for the public service, is still further increased by - my friendship for you, as I am too well acquainted with your - sentiments to doubt for a moment that such call has been in the - highest degree satisfactory and flattering to your feelings. - Neither can I entertain the slightest apprehension that the - result of any meeting of Irishmen will be other than the firm - and spirited condemnation of a measure, replete with every - disgrace and danger in their country. Never, indeed, were my - beloved countrymen so forcibly called upon as at the present - emergency, maturely to form their opinions and to speak aloud - the dictates of their hearts. Their ancestors call upon them - from their graves to preserve those national rights which they - have transmitted to them. Their children from their cradles, - with mute but prevailing eloquence, beseech them to protect - and to defend their birthrights; and, with a more awful voice, - their country calls upon them not by their silence to betray - her dearest interests, or by their supineness to leave _her_ - enslaved whom they found free! Thus invoked, is it possible - that Irishmen should remain silent? - - “But surely I need dwell no longer upon a subject with which - you are so much better acquainted; and, indeed, the state of - my health, and particularly of my eyes, is such as to render - it impossible for me to write more.--I must therefore, however - unwillingly, conclude by assuring you that I am, and ever - shall be, my dearest Parsons, your most faithful and truly - affectionate - - “CHARLEMONT.” - -In this year, James Barry, the painter of those mighty pictures on the -walls of the great room of the Society of Arts, received a severe blow -by having his name erased from those of the Royal Academicians by King -George III., who believed what had been represented respecting the -Professor’s conduct in the Royal Academy.[290] - - “BUCKINGHAM STREET, FITZROY SQUARE. - - “DEAR SIR,--Permit me to thank you for the satisfaction of - having seen that curious monument of English antiquity, St. - Stephen’s Chapel, Westminster, when the ancient architecture - and painting were discovered by the removal of the modern - wainscot, which formed the interior of the House of Commons. - - “Notwithstanding this branch of antiquity has never been - my particular pursuit, I am highly gratified to see such - materials in the general history of art rescued from oblivion - by publication, for which, Sir, we are indebted to your zeal - and industry, as some of the interesting pictures were effaced - soon after their discovery, by ignorant curiosity; in addition - to the careless and ruinous manner in which the discovery - itself was made, of which circumstances I complained to several - persons on the spot, particularly to the Rev. Mr. Brand,[291] - Secretary to the Antiquarian Society. - - “As the best testimony I can give to the fidelity and ability - of your publication, give me leave to subscribe my name for - a copy of the work, and to offer such assistance as I can - give, in general observations on the arts of design, when St. - Stephen’s Chapel was in its splendour. - - “I remain, dear Sir, with great regard, your much obliged - - “JOHN FLAXMAN.” - -The admission of one hundred additional members into the House of -Commons, arising from the union with Ireland, obliged Mr. Wyatt to cut -away the side-walls of the room internally, in order to make recesses for -two extra benches.[292] - -[Illustration: THE OLD HOUSE OF COMMONS] - - -1801. - -In the autumn of this year I passed a most agreeable day with the Hon. -Hussey Delaval,[293] at his house near Parliament Stairs.[294] This -learned and communicative gentleman, among whose works that on Colours is -generally considered the most interesting, was as friendly to me, as the -jealousy of that well-known odd compound of nature, my antagonist, John -Carter,[295] who was of our party, would allow; for with that artist’s -opinions as to Gothic architecture, Mr. Delaval so entirely coincided, -that he employed him to provide the ornamental decorations of his house, -which were mostly in putty mixed with sand, and in some instances -cast from the decorations of several Gothic structures, particularly -Westminster Abbey. This house was originally fire-proof, the floors being -of stone or composition, and the window-sashes of cast iron, but since -the death of Mr. Delaval, wood has been substituted for the sashes and -other parts. - -The apartments are ten in number, besides small offices. The lower rooms -consist of two halls: in the north wall of the first are three pretty -Gothic recesses for seats, for servants or persons in waiting; the second -hall is filled with Gothic figures placed upon brackets under canopies. -The chimney-piece and other parts of the dining-parlour looking over the -Thames, are decorated in a similar manner; the kitchen is on the same -floor towards the north. The staircase leading to the first-floor is a -truly tasteful little specimen, not equalled by anything at Strawberry -Hill, which, by reason of Mr. Bentley’s[296] fancy mouldings interfering -so often with parts which are really chaste, must be considered a -_mule_ building. The drawing-room and library also look over the water. -On the same floor are two bed-chambers towards the west; above which -are two attics, with a door opening upon the embattled leads over the -drawing-room. Upon these leads we took our wine--attended by female -servants only, as Mr. Delaval never would allow a man-servant to enter -the house, but with messages--and here enjoyed the glowing, Cuyp-like -effect of the sun upon west-country barges laden either with blocks of -stone or fresh-cut timber, objects ever picturesque on the water. Mr. -Delaval was so pleased with this scenery, and the pencil of my friend G. -Arnald, Associate of the Royal Academy, that he bespoke two pictures of -him, Views up and down the River, the figures in which, by the order of -Mr. Delaval, were painted by his friend G. F. Joseph, A.R.A. They were -exhibited at Somerset House.[297] - - -1802. - -How often do we find peculiar attachments and propensities in the minds -of persons of reported good understanding. Within my time, many men have -indulged most ridiculously in their eccentricities. I have known one who -had made a pretty large fortune in business, get up at four o’clock in -the morning and walk the streets to pick up horseshoes which had been -slipped in the course of the night, with no other motive than to see how -many he could accumulate in a year. I also remember a rich soap-boiler -who never missed an opportunity of pocketing nails, pieces of iron hoops, -and bits of leather, in his daily walks; and these he would spread upon a -large walnut-tree three-flapped dining-table, with a similar view to that -of the above-mentioned gentleman. This wealthy citizen would often put on -a red woollen cap, in shape like those worn by slaughter-house men, and -a waggoner’s frock, in order to stoke his own furnace; after which, he -would dress, get into his coach, and, attended by tall servants in bright -blue liveries, drive to his villa, where his hungry friends were waiting -his arrival. - -The allusion to these peculiarities, which certainly are harmless, will -serve by way of prelude to a more extraordinary one. The late Duke of -Roxburgh,[298] whose wonderful library will ever be spoken of with the -highest delight by bibliomaniacs, had an attachment to the portraits -of malefactors as closely as Rowland Hill to his petted toad. I made -many drawings of such characters for his Grace during their trials or -confinement; that which I made this year, was of Governor Wall, whose -trial produced much discussion.[299] Having been deprived of admission -at the Old Bailey on the day of his trial, I went to the Duke, and he -immediately wrote to a nobleman high in power, for an order to admit me -to see the unfortunate criminal in the condemned cell, which application -was firmly, and, in my humble opinion, very properly, refused. I walked -home, where I found Isaac Solomon waiting to show me some of his improved -black-lead pencils. Isaac, upon hearing me relate to my family the -disappointment I had experienced, assured me that he could procure me -a sight of the Governor, if I would only accompany him in the evening -to Hatton Garden, and smoke a pipe with Dr. Forde, the Ordinary of -Newgate,[300] with whom he said he was particularly intimate. Away we -trudged; and, upon entering the club-room of a public-house, we found the -said Doctor most pompously seated in a superb masonic chair, under a -stately crimson canopy placed between the windows. The room was clouded -with smoke, whiffed to the ceiling, which gave me a better idea of what I -had heard of the Black Hole of Calcutta than any place I had seen. There -were present at least a hundred associates of every denomination; of -this number, my Jew, being a favoured man, was admitted to a whispering -audience with the Doctor, which soon produced my introduction to him. - -“Man’s life is all a mist, and in the dark our fortunes meet us.” -Standing beneath a masonic lustre, the Doctor immediately recognised me -as a friend of John Ireland, but more particularly of his older crony, -Atkinson Bush; he requested me to take a pipe, to me a most detestable -preliminary. He then whispered, “Meet me at the felon’s door at the break -of day.” There I punctually applied, but, notwithstanding the order of -the Doctor, I found it absolutely necessary, to protect myself from an -increasing mob, to show the turnkey half-a-crown, who soon closed his -hand and let me in. I was then introduced to a most diabolical-looking -little wretch, denominated “the Yeoman of the Halter,” Jack Ketch’s head -man. The Doctor soon arrived in his canonicals, and with his head as -stiffly erect as a sheriff’s coachman when he is going to Court, with an -enormous nosegay under his chin, gravely uttered, “Come this way, Mr. -Smith.” - -As we crossed the Press-yard a cock crew; and the solitary clanking of -a restless chain was dreadfully horrible. The prisoners had not risen. -Upon our entering a stone-cold room, a most sickly stench of green twigs, -with which an old round-shouldered, goggle-eyed man was endeavouring to -kindle a fire, annoyed me almost as much as the canaster fumigation of -the Doctor’s Hatton Garden friends. - -[Illustration: NEWGATE CHAPEL ON THE EVE OF SEVERAL EXECUTIONS] - -The prisoner entered. He was death’s counterfeit, tall, shrivelled, and -pale; and his soul shot so piercingly through the port-holes of his head -that the first glance of him nearly petrified me. I said in my heart, -putting my pencil in my pocket, God forbid that I should disturb thy last -moments! His hands were clasped, and he was truly penitent. After the -Yeoman had requested him to stand up, “he pinioned him,” as the Newgate -phrase is, and tied the cord with so little feeling, that the Governor, -who had not given the wretch the accustomed fee, observed, “You have -tied me very tight;” upon which Dr. Forde ordered him to slacken the -cord, which he did, but not without muttering. “Thank you, Sir,” said the -Governor to the Doctor, “it is of little moment.” He then observed to the -attendant, who had brought in an immense iron shovelful of coals to throw -on the fire, “Ay, in one hour that will be a blazing fire;” then, turning -to the Doctor, questioned him: “Do tell me, Sir: I am informed I shall -go down with great force; is it so?” After the construction and action -of the machine had been explained, the Doctor questioned the Governor as -to what kind of men he had at Goree. “Sir,” he answered, “they sent me -the very riffraff.” The poor soul then joined the Doctor in prayer; and -never did I witness more contrition at any condemned sermon than he then -evinced. - -The sheriff arrived, attended by his officers, to receive the prisoner -from the keeper. A new hat was then partly flattened on his head; for, -owing to its being too small in the crown, it stood many inches too high -behind. As we were crossing the Press-yard, the dreadful execrations -of some of the felons so shook his frame, that he observed, “the clock -had struck;” and, quickening his pace, he soon arrived at the room -where the sheriff was to give a receipt for his body, according to the -usual custom. Owing, however, to some informality in the wording of -this receipt, he was not brought out so soon as the multitude expected; -and it was this delay which occasioned a partial exultation from those -who betted as to a reprieve, and not from any pleasure in seeing him -executed. For the honour of England, I may say we are not so revengeful -as some of our Continental neighbours have been; as Mrs. Cosway[301] -assured me that she was in the room with David, then esteemed the first -painter in Paris, at the time that he and Robespierre were in power; and -that when the Reporter, from the guillotine, came in to announce eighty -as the number of persons executed that morning, David, in the greatest -possible rage, exclaimed, “No more!” - -[Illustration: DR. ARNE - -HE COMPOSED “RULE BRITANNIA”] - -After the execution, as soon as I was permitted to leave the prison, I -found the Yeoman selling the rope with which the malefactor had been -suspended, at a shilling an inch; and no sooner had I entered Newgate -Street, than a lath of a fellow, past threescore years and ten, who had -just arrived from the purlieus of Black Boy Alley,[302] woe-begone as -_Romeo’s_ apothecary, exclaimed,--“Here’s the identical rope at sixpence -an inch.” A group of tatterdemalions soon collected round him, most -vehemently expressing their eagerness to possess bits of the cord. It -was pretty obvious, however, that the real business of this agent was -to induce the Epping butter-men to squeeze in with their canvas bags, -which contained their morning receipts in Newgate market.[303] A little -further on, at the north-east corner of Warwick Lane, stood “Rosy Emma,” -exuberant in talk, and hissing-hot from Pie Corner,[304] where she had -taken her morning dose of gin and bitters; and as she had not waited to -make her toilet, was consequently a lump of heat. - - “Now, my readers, I have been told, - Love wounds by heat, and Death by cold; - Of size she would a barrow fill, - But more inclining to sit still.” - -Possibly she might have been a descendant of Orator Henley, and I make -no doubt at one time passionately admired by her Henry. I can safely -declare, however, that her cheeks were purple, her nose of poppy-red or -cochineal. - - “The lady was pretty well in case, - But then she’d humour in her face; - Her skin was so bepimpled o’er, - There was not room for any more.” - -Her eyes reminded me of Sheridan’s remark on those of Dr. Arne, “Like -two oysters on an oval plate of stewed beet-root.”[305] I regretted -most exceedingly, while she was cutting her rope and twisting her -mouth, that most of her once-famed ivories had absconded; but it gave me -inexpressible delight to see that her lips were not at all chapped. If -Emma’s lips had been ever so deeply cracked, she could not have benefited -by my friend “Social Day” Coxe’s[306] Conservatoria, as it was not then -sold. - -Emma in her tender blossom, I understand, assisted her mother in selling -rice-milk and furmety to the early frequenters of Honey Lane market; and -in the days of her full bloom, new-milk whey in White Conduit Fields, -and at the Elephant and Castle. She must have been, as to her outward -charms, during her highest flattery, little inferior to the beautiful -Emma Lyon;[307] but in her last stage, perhaps not altogether unlike -the heroine so voluptuously portrayed by my late highly talented -friend, the Rev. George Huddesford, in his poem entitled “The Barber’s -Nuptials.”[308] Rosy Emma, for so she was still called, was the reputed -spouse of the Yeoman of the Halter, and the cord she was selling as the -identical noose was for her own benefit. This was, according to the -delightful writer, Charles Lamb, - - “For honest ends, a most dishonest seeming.”[309] - -[Illustration: LADY HAMILTON AS A BACCHANTE - - “Romney! expert infallibly to trace … - The mind’s impression too on every face.” - - _Cowper_] - -Now, as fame and beauty ever carry influence, Emma’s sale was rapid; -had she been as lamentable as a Lincolnshire goose after plucking-time, -“Misery’s Darling,” or like Alecto when at the entrance of Pandemonium, -she would have had a sorry sale.[310] This money-trapping trick, steady -John, the waiter at the Chapter Coffee-house, assured me was invariably -put in practice whenever superior persons or notorious culprits had been -executed. Then to breakfast, but with little or no appetite; however, -after selecting one of Isaac Solomon’s H.B.’s, I made a whole-length -portrait of the late Governor by recollection, which Dr. Buchan, the -flying physician of the “Chapter”[311] frequenters, and several of the -Pater-Noster vendors of his _Domestic Medicine_, considered a likeness; -at all events, it was admitted into the portfolio of the Duke, with the -following acknowledgment written on the back: “Drawn by memory.” - - -1803. - -About this time, in order to see human nature off her guard, I agreed -with a good-tempered friend of mine, one of Richard Wilson’s scholars, to -perambulate Bartholomew Fair, which we did in the evening, after taking -pretty good care to leave our watches at home. Our first visit was to a -show of wild beasts, where, upon paying an additional penny, we saw the -menagerie-feeder place his head within a lion’s mouth. - -Our attention was then arrested by an immense baboon, called _General -Jacko_, who was distributing his signatures as fast as he could dip his -pen in the ink, to those who enabled him to fill his enormous craw with -plums, raisins, and figs. The next object which attracted our notice was -a magnificent man, standing, as we were told, six feet six inches and a -half, independent of the heels of his shoes. The gorgeous splendour of -his Oriental dress was rendered more conspicuous by an immense plume of -white feathers, which were like the noddings of an undertaker’s horse, -increased in their wavy and graceful motion by the movements of the -wearer’s head. - -As this extraordinary man was to perform some wonderful feats of -strength, we joined the motley throng of spectators at the charge of -“only threepence each,” that being vociferated by Flockton’s[312] -successor as the price of the evening admittance. - -After he had gone through his various exhibitions of holding great -weights at arm’s-length, etc., the all-bespangled master of the show -stepped forward, and stated to the audience that if any four or five -of the present company would give, by way of encouraging the “Young -Hercules,” _alias_ the “Patagonian Samson,” sixpence apiece, he would -carry them all together round the booth, in the form of a pyramid. - -With this proposition my companion and myself closed; and after two -other persons had advanced, the fine fellow threw off his velvet cap -surmounted by its princely crest, stripped himself of his other gewgaws, -and walked most majestically, in a flesh-coloured elastic dress, to the -centre of the amphitheatre, when four chairs were placed round him, by -which my friend and I ascended, and, after throwing our legs across his -lusty shoulders, were further requested to embrace each other, which we -no sooner did, cheek-by-jowl, than a tall skeleton of a man, instead -of standing upon a small wooden ledge fastened to Samson’s girdle, in -an instant leaped on his back, with the agility of a boy who pitches -himself upon a post too high to clear, and threw a leg over each of -our shoulders; as for the other chap (for we could only muster four), -the Patagonian took him up in his arms. Then, after _Mr. Merryman_ had -removed the chairs, as he had not his full complement, Samson performed -his task with an ease of step most stately, without either the beat of a -drum, or the waving of a flag. - -I have often thought that if George Cruikshank, or my older friend -Rowlandson, had been present at this scene of a pyramid burlesqued, their -playful pencils would have been in running motion, and I should have been -considerably out-distanced had I then offered the following additional -description of our clustered appearance. Picture to yourself, reader, -two cheesemonger, ruddy-looking men, like my friend and myself, as the -sidesmen of Hercules, and the tall, vegetable-eating scarecrow kind of -fellow, who made but one leap to grasp us like the bird-killing spider, -and then our fourth loving associate, the heavy dumpling in front, whose -chaps, I will answer for it, relished many an inch thick steak from the -once far-famed Honey Lane market,[313] all supported with the greatest -ease by this envied and caressed _Pride_ of the _Fair_, to whose powers -the frequenters of Sadler’s Wells also bore many a testimony. - -In the year 1804, Antonio Benedictus Van Assen engraved a whole-length -portrait of this Patagonian Samson, at the foot of which his name was -thus announced, “_Giovanni Baptista Belzoni_.” This animated production -was executed at the expense of the friendly Mr. James Parry, the justly -celebrated gem and seal engraver, of Wells Street, Oxford Street. - -[Illustration: GIOVANNI BAPTISTA BELZONI - -“Belzoni _is_ a grand traveller, and his English is very prettily broken.” - -_Lord Byron_] - -After the close of Bartholomew Fair, this Patagonian was seen at that -of Edmonton, exhibiting in a field behind the Bell Inn, immortalised by -Cowper in his “Johnny Gilpin;” and I have been assured that, so late as -1810, at Edinburgh, he was, during his exhibition in Valentine and Orson, -soundly hissed for not handling his friend the bear, at the time of her -death, in an affectionate manner. Several years rolled on, and he was -nearly forgotten in England, until the year 1820, and then many people -recognised in the Egyptian traveller Belzoni the person who had figured -away at fairs, as I have stated. The following anecdotes, in private -circulation, of this extraordinary man may not be considered wholly -uninteresting. - -He was a native of Padua, and educated in order to become a profound -monk; but, during the frenzy of war, being noticed by the French army, in -consequence of his commanding figure, to be admirably well calculated for -a fugleman, prudently avoided seizure for so deadly a service, by getting -together what few things time would permit him, and so left Rome. I -should have stated to the reader that, upon his arrival in London in the -year 1803, he walked into Smithfield during Bartholomew Fair time, where -he was seen by the master of a show, who, it is said, thus questioned his -_Merry Andrew_:--“Do you see that tall-looking fellow in the midst of -the crowd? he is looking about him over the heads of the people as if he -walked upon stilts; go and see if he’s worth our money, and ask him if -he wants a job.” Away scrambled Mr. _Merryman_ down the monkey’s post, -and, “as quick as lightning,” conducted the stranger to his master, who, -being satisfied of his personal attractions, immediately engaged, plumed, -painted, and put him up. - -The reader will readily conceive that a man like Belzoni, seriously -educated for the duties of the Church, and accustomed to associate -with people of good manners, could with no little reluctance endure -the vulgar society his pecuniary circumstances alone compelled him to -associate with. However, after the expiration of nine years, in the -course of which time he had married and saved money, he and his wife -were enabled to visit Portugal, Spain, and Malta, from which place they -embarked for Egypt. Fortunately for Belzoni, the wife he had chosen -more than equally shared his numerous dangers, by spiritedly joining -in all his enterprises, which some of my readers will recollect are -most delightfully described by herself in what she styles “A Trifling -Account,” printed at the end of her husband’s _Travels in Egypt, Nubia_, -etc.[314] - -As most of my readers have perused this work, I shall only state that, -shortly after the arrival of Belzoni and his wife in England, my friend -Dr. Richardson,[315] the traveller, who had been kind to them in every -possible way when in Egypt, introduced me to them when they lodged in -Downing Street, Westminster. Here I not only had great pleasure in seeing -my steady supporter again, but enjoyed most pleasantly the conversation -I had with his enterprising partner, whose sensible and intrepid cast of -features well accorded with her artless, unsophisticated, and interesting -“Trifling Account,” to which I have alluded. - -In 1784, when Sir Ashton Lever petitioned the House of Commons for a -lottery for his museum, Mr. Thomas Waring made the following declaration -before the Committee to whom the petition was referred:--“That he had -been manager of Sir Ashton’s collection ever since it had been brought to -London in the year 1775; that it had occupied twelve years in forming; -and that there were upwards of twenty-six thousand articles. That the -money received for admission amounted, from February 1775 to February -1784, to about £13,000, out of which £660 had been paid for house-rent -and taxes.” Sir Ashton Lever proposed that his whole museum should -go together, and that there should be 40,000 tickets at one guinea -each.[316] - -[Illustration: BARTHOLOMEW FAIR] - -Few people would believe that so lately as this year, the Duke of Dorset, -Lord Winchilsea, Lord Talbot, Colonel Tarleton, Mr. Howe, Mr. Damer, Hon. -Mr. Lennox, and the Rev. Mr. Williams played at cricket in an open field -near White Conduit House.[317] Who could have conjectured that Du Val’s -Lane, branching from Holloway, within memory so notoriously infested with -highwaymen that few people would venture to peep into it even in mid-day, -should, in 1831, be lighted with gas?[318] - -In 1784, Nathaniel Hillier’s[319] collection of prints was sold by -Christie: they were well selected as to impression, but much deteriorated -in value by Mr. Hillier’s attachment to strong coffee, with which he had -stained them. It has been acknowledged by one of the family that, what -with the expense of staining, mounting, and ruling, his collection only -brought them one-fifth of the cost of the prints in the first instance. - -Dr. Samuel Johnson also died this year [1784]; during the time the -surgeon was engaged in opening his body, Sir John Hawkins, Knight, was in -the adjoining room seeing to the weighing of the Doctor’s tea-pot, in the -presence of a silversmith, whom Sir John, as an executor, had called upon -to purchase it.[320] - - -1805. - - “Mr. Townley presents his compliments to Mr. West, and requests - that, when he sees Mr. Lock[321] at his house, he will be so - good as to deliver to him the packet sent herewith, containing - two prints from Homer’s head,--Mr. T. not knowing where Mr. - Lock lives in town. The drawing representing the ‘Triumphs - of Bacchus’ by Rubens,[322] in the eighth night’s sale at - Greenwood’s, differing much from the bas-relief in the Borghese - Villa, from which Caracci is supposed to have composed his - picture of that subject in the Farnese Gallery,[323] Mr. T. has - no intention to bid for it. - - “PARK ST., WESTMINSTER, _21st Feb. 1787_.” - - * * * * * - - “MY DEAR SIR,--I return you many thanks for your kind - information respecting the sale of the marbles at the late Lord - Mendip’s house at Twickenham.[324] Had I been there and in - spirits, the fine Oriental alabaster vase would not have been - sold so cheap, and would probably have come to Park Street. - I should also have probably purchased the medallion of an - elderly man over a chimney-piece. I shall be glad to find out - who bought it, and at what price. I should also have liked the - ancient fountain. Pray, what was it sold for, and who bought it? - - “I mean to take a farewell look at the _robaccia_ at Wilton, to - verify my former notes on that collection. - - “I flatter myself that many bad symptoms of my long disorder - begin to abate, though it still, I feel, has strong hold upon - me. I shall remain here about a fortnight longer, then return - to Park Street. - - “If you will give me the pleasure of a line from you, you may - direct to me, No. 36, Milsom Street, Bath. I am, sir, ever most - faithfully yours, etc. - - “C. TOWNLEY. - - “BATH, 36, MILSOM STREET, _11th June 1802_.” - - -1806. - -In the month of June this year, the late Atkinson Bush,[325] then of -Great Ormond Street, brought to my house Mr. Parton, vestry-clerk of -St. Giles’s-in-the-Fields, with a view to obtain such particulars of -that parish as I was acquainted with, he being then busily engaged in -collecting materials for its history. In the course of conversation, I -was astonished to find that it was his intention to have a plan of the -parish engraved for his work, purporting to have been taken between the -years twelve and thirteen hundred, a period more than two centuries -and a half earlier than Aggas’s plan of London, and from which I could -not help observing that in my opinion he had most glaringly borrowed. -When he assured me he had not, my request was then to know his authority -for producing such a plan, but for that question he was not provided -with an answer, nor did he appear to be willing to be probed by further -interrogatories. To my great astonishment, when Mr. Parton’s book made -its appearance, I not only found this plan professing to be between the -years twelve and thirteen hundred so minutely made out, with every man’s -possession in the parish most distinctly attributed, but every plot of -garden so neatly delineated, with the greatest variety of parterres, -walks with cut borders, as if the gardener of William III. or Queen Anne -had then been living. As Mr. Parton omitted to give any authority for the -introduction of so wonderfully early a piece of ichnography, I applied -to several leading men in the parish of St. Giles, but could gain no -intelligence whatever respecting it: so much for this plan of St. Giles’s -parish, as produced by Mr. Parton.[326] - -[Illustration: “The Townley Marbles.”] - - -1807. - -On the 7th of November of this year, aged 65, died at Rome the celebrated -Angelica Kauffmann, who was appointed a member of the Royal Academy by -King George III. at its foundation.[327] That she was a great favourite -with the admirers of art may be inferred by the numerous engravings from -her productions by Bartolozzi and the late William Wynn Ryland.[328] -Her pictures are always tasteful, and often well composed, clearly and -harmoniously coloured, and extremely finished with a most delicate but -spirited pencil. Indeed, her talents were so approved by her brother -Academicians, that those gentlemen allotted her compartments of the -ceiling in their council-chamber at Somerset Place for decoration, in -which most honourable and pleasing task she so well acquitted herself, -that her performances are the admiration of every visitor, but more -particularly those who possess the organ of colour. She etched numerous -subjects; the best impressions are those before the plates were -aqua-tinted. - -When I was a boy, my father frequently took me to Golden Square to see -her pictures, where she and her father had for many years resided in the -centre house on the south side. There are several portraits of her, but -none so well-looking as that painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds, of which -there is an engraving by Bartolozzi. - -Angelica Kauffmann was a great coquette, and pretended to be in love -with several gentlemen at the same time.[329] Once she professed to be -enamoured of Nathaniel Dance;[330] to the next visitor she would divulge -the great secret that she was dying for Sir Joshua Reynolds. However, she -was at last rightly served for her duplicity by marrying a very handsome -fellow personating Count de Horn. With this alliance she was so pleased, -that she made her happy conquest known to her Majesty Queen Charlotte, -who was much astonished that the Count should have been so long in -England without coming to Court. However, the real Count’s arrival was -some time afterwards announced at Dover; and Angelica Kauffmann’s husband -turned out to be no other than his _valet de chambre_. He was prevailed -upon subsequently to accept a separate maintenance.[331] After this man’s -death she married Zucchi, and settled in Rome. During her residence -there, she was solicited by the artists in general, but more particularly -by the English, to join them in an application to this country for -permission to bring their property to England duty free; and as I possess -the original letter which that lady wrote to Lord Camelford[332] upon the -subject, I cannot refrain from inserting it. - - “MY LORD,--I do not know, if by having lived several years - in England, and having the honour to be a R.A., I may be - sufficiently entitled to join with the artists of Great Britain - in their request, or better to say, in returning thanks to your - Lordship for patronising them in a point so very essential, - which is to assist them in obtaining the free importation of - their own studies, models, or designs, collected for their - improvement during their own stay abroad. - - “The heavy duty set upon articles of that nature causes that - the artist, whose circumstances do not permit him to pay - perhaps a considerable sum, must either be deprived of what - he keeps most valuable, or buy his own works at the public - sale at the Custom House. This I have myself experienced on my - coming to England,--and I mention it here, in consequence of - the opinion of some of my friends, who think that my assertion, - added to what other artists may have reported to that purpose, - may be of some use to obtain their object. - - “I heard from Dr. Bates,[333] and Mr. Reveley,[334] the - architect, how very much your Lordship is inclined to support - the earnest supplication drawn up by some of the artists, which - proves your Lordship to be a protector of the fine arts, and - of those who profess them. Consequently I have some reason to - hope that I may not be judged too impertinent for addressing - these lines to you. I have the honour to be, with the greatest - respect, my Lord, your Lordship’s most obliged humble servant, - - “ANGELICA KAUFFMANN. - - “TRINITÀ DE’ MONTI, _the 26th Dec. 1787_.” - -This year, my laborious work, entitled _Antiquities of Westminster_, was -delivered to its numerous and patient subscribers.[335] The following -congratulatory letter is one of the many with which I have been honoured -by its extensive and steady friends:-- - - “LICHFIELD CATHEDRAL CLOSE, - _Thursday, 2nd July 1807_. - - “Mr. White[336] presents his best respects to Mr. Smith. - His precious little box, from some unaccountable delay in - Cambridge, did not arrive till yesterday evening, accompanied - by a letter, which receives this early acknowledgment. Though - Mr. White has not had leisure to inspect critically the - literary portion of Mr. Smith’s elegant and splendid volume, - yet his whole time since it came has been occupied in studying - and admiring its numerous, accurate, and highly finished - engravings, which alone give it a superiority to any book of - art’s illustration which Mr. White can at present recollect. - Mr. Smith’s offer of a few loose prints is peculiarly kind and - acceptable; and Mr. White so far avails himself of it. - - “Mr. White cannot refrain expressing his concern and - astonishment, that Mr. Smith should have experienced so - bitter a recession from friendly promises and assistance, - as Mr. H. obliged him to feel; at the same time, the candid - and unequivocal statement which Mr. Smith has made, must - exonerate him from the world’s reproof, and account for the - long protraction of the work. Mr. White cannot but indulge - the hope, that so noble an addition to our architectural - antiquities, so admirable an elucidation of every _precedent_ - history of London, will most amply remunerate the pocket, - though no success can recompense that anxiety of mind which - Mr. Smith has undergone. The beautiful Cathedral of Lichfield - has been recently ornamented with some very fine ancient - painted windows, from the dissolved convent near Lille. If Mr. - Smith would publish them in colours, Mr. White thinks that - the subscription would fill rapidly; and if Mr. Smith would - but come down and look at them, Mr. White would be happy in - extending every accommodation, and rendering every assistance - to him. When the windows are known, the plan will be certainly - adopted by other artists of inferior competency.” - - -1808. - -On the first of November this year, George Dance, the Royal Academician, -signed the dedication page of his first volume of portraits of eminent -men drawn in pencil, with parts touched lightly with colour from life, -and engraved by William Daniell, A.R.A., now a Royal Academician (he died -1837), consisting of thirty-six in number. The second volume, which also -contained thirty-six in number, was published in 1814.[337] - -Fuseli, when viewing several of these portraits, was heard by one of Mr. -Dance’s sitters to make the following observations upon the likenesses. -Of Benjamin West he said, “His eye is like a vessel in the South Sea,--I -can just spy it through the telescope;” of that of Joseph Wilton the -sculptor, he observed, “How simple are the thinking parts of this man’s -head, and how sumptuous the manducatory;” of that of James Barry he made -the following declaration, “This fellow looks like the door of his own -house;” of that of Northcote he exclaimed, “By _Cot_, he is looking sharp -for a rat;” and of that of Sir William Chambers, he observed, drawling -out his words, “What a _grate_, heavy, _humpty-dumpty_, this leaden -fellow is.”[338] - -[Illustration: JAMES NORTHCOTE, R.A. - -“By _Cot_, he is looking out sharp for a rat.” - -_Fuseli_] - -In this sort of wit Fuseli had a formidable force of gunnery, and his -shot seldom missed its destination; however, it cannot shatter the above -work, as most of the portraits are of worthies too well known even to -need it necessary to engrave their names under them. - -The greater portion of these likenesses are highly valuable to the -illustrators of Boswell’s _Life of Johnson_, and, indeed, most of the -modern biographical publications. - - -1809. - -I cannot more pleasantly close this year than by inserting a copy of one -of John Bannister’s bills for his BUDGET;[339] and as the original is -now an extreme rarity, I conclude that some of those “_gude folks_” who -witnessed the delightful humour displayed by that gifted son of Thespis, -may possibly be better enabled to recollect how much they giggled -twenty-three years ago. - - “Oh the days when I was young!” - -The type of the long lines in the original bill, which is of a small -folio size, being too small to be read without spectacles, I have -necessarily, in some instances, been obliged to increase the number of -lines in the following copy. - - “THEATRE, IPSWICH. - - POSITIVELY FOR ONE NIGHT ONLY. - - Patronised by their Majesties, - Before whom Mr. Bannister had the honour of performing, - At the Queen’s House, Frogmore. - - The Public are most respectfully informed, - On Wednesday, the 29th of November, 1809, - Will be presented, - - A MISCELLANEOUS DIVERTISEMENT, - With considerable vocal and rhetorical variations, called - - BANNISTER’S BUDGET; - OR, AN ACTOR’S WAYS AND MEANS! - - Consisting of - Recitations and Comic Songs; - Which will be sung and spoken by - MR. BANNISTER, of the late Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. - - “The above Divertisement is entirely new; the prose and verse - which compose it having been written _expressly_ for the - occasion of MR. BANNISTER’S TOUR, by Messrs. Colman, Reynolds, - Cherry, T. Dibdin, C. Dibdin, Jun., and others. - - The whole of the Entertainment has been arranged and revised by - MR. COLMAN. - - The songs (which Mr. Reeve, Jun., will accompany on the - pianoforte,) are principally composed by Mr. Reeve. - - PROSPECTUS OF THE DIVERTISEMENT. - - “Part I.--Exordium.--Mr. Bannister’s Interview with - Garrick.--Garrick’s Manner attempted by Mr. Bannister in a - Shaving Dialogue.--Mr. Doublelungs in the Clay-pit.--Macklin’s - advice to his Pupils.--The Ship’s Chaplain, and Jack Haulyard, - the Boatswain; or, Two Ways of Telling a Story.--Sam - Stern.--The Melodramaniac, or Value of Vocal Talent.--Mr. and - Mrs. O’Blunder, or, Irish Suicide! - - “Part II.--Superannuated Sexton.--Original Anecdotes of - a late well-known eccentric Character.--Trial at the Old - Bailey.--Cross-Examination.--Counsellor Garble.--Barrister - Snip-snap.--Serjeant Splitbrain.--Address to the Jury.--Simon - Soaker, and Deputy Dragon. - - “Part III.--Club of Queer Fellows!--President Hosier.--Speech - from the Chair.--Mr. Hesitate.--Mr. Sawney Mac Snip.--Musical - Poulterer.--Duet between a Game Cock and a Dorking Hen.--Mr. - Molasses.--Mr. Mimé.--Monotony exemplified.--Mr. Kill-joy, the - Whistling Orator.--Susan and Strephon.--Budget closed. - - Rotation of Comic Songs to be introduced on this particular - occasion. - - “IN PART I. - - Vocal Medley. - Captain Wattle and Miss Roe (by particular desire). - Tom Tuck’s Ghost. - Song in Praise of Ugliness! - The Debating Society. - - “IN PART II. - - The Deserter; or, Death or Matrimony. - Miss Wrinkle and Mr. Grizzle, - and - The Tortoiseshell Tom Cat. - - “IN PART III. - - THE TRAGEDY OF OTHELLO; OR, - FINE FLEECY HOSIERY. - The Marrow-fat Family. - Jollity Burlesqued, and - Beggars and Ballad-singers. - - The doors to be opened at six o’clock, and to begin precisely - at seven. Boxes, Upper Circle, 4s.; Lower Circle, 3s.; Pit, - 2s., Gallery, 1s. - - N.B. Care has been taken to have the Theatre well aired.” - - -1810. - -My reader will find by the following copy of a paper written by the -Rev. Stephen Weston, B.D.,[340] and read at the Society of Antiquaries’ -meeting, 25th January 1810, that the term Swan-_hopping_ is to be -considered a popular error. - -“It appears in the Swan-rolls, exhibited by the Right Honourable Sir -Joseph Banks, that the King’s were doubly marked, and had what was -called two nicks, or notches. The term, in process of time, not being -understood, a double animal was invented, unknown to the Egyptians -and Greeks, with the name of the Swan with Two Necks. But this is -not the only ludicrous mistake that has arisen out of the subject, -since Swan-upping, or the taking up of Swans, performed annually by -the Swan companies, with the Lord Mayor of London at their head, -for the purpose of marking them, has been changed by an unlucky -aspirate into Swan-hopping, which is not to the purpose, and perfectly -unintelligible.”[341] - - -1811. - -In the summer of this year, the Earl of Pembroke allowed me to copy a -picture at Wilton, painted by the celebrated architect, Inigo Jones. -It is a view of Covent Garden in its original state, when there was a -tree in the middle. The skill with which he has treated the effect is -admirable. - -There is also, in that superb mansion, a companion picture of Lincoln’s -Inn Fields by the same artist. - - -1812. - -The political career of John Horne Tooke, Esq., is well known, and the -fame of his celebrated work, entitled the _Diversions of Purley_, will be -spoken of as long as paper lasts. - -In the year 1811 a most flagrant depredation was committed in his house -at Wimbledon by a collector of taxes, who daringly carried away a silver -tea and sugar caddy, the value of which amounted, in weight of silver, -to at least twenty times more than the sum demanded, for a tax which -Mr. Tooke declared he never would pay. This gave rise to the following -letter:-- - - “TO MESSRS. CROFT AND DILKE. - - “GENTLEMEN,--I beg it as a favour of you, that you will go in - my name to Mr. Judkin, attorney, in Clifford’s Inn, and desire - him to go with you both to the Under Sheriff’s Office, in New - Inn, Wych Street. - - “I have had a distress served upon me for taxes, at Wimbledon, - in the county of Surrey. - - “By the recommendation of Mr. Stuart, of Putney, I desire Mr. - Judkin to act as my attorney in replevying the goods; and I - desire Mr. Croft and Mr. Dilke to sign the security-bond for me - that I will try the question. - - “Pray show this memorandum to Mr. Judkin. - - “JOHN HORNE TOOKE. - - “WIMBLEDON, _May 17th, 1811_.” - -As Mr. Croft and Mr. Dilke were proceeding on the Putney Road, they met -the tax-collector with the tea-caddy under his arm, on his way back -with the greatest possible haste to return it, with an apology to Mr. -Tooke,--that being the advice of a friend. The two gentlemen returned -with him, and witnessed Mr. Tooke’s kindness when the man declared he had -a large family.[342] - -On the 18th of March this year (1812), Mr. Tooke died, at his house at -Wimbledon. He was put into a strong elm shell. The coffin was made from -the heart of a solid oak, cut down for the purpose. It measured six feet -one inch in length; in breadth at the shoulders, two feet two inches; the -depth at the head, two feet six inches; and the depth at the feet, two -feet four inches. This enormous depth of coffin was absolutely necessary, -in consequence of the contraction of his body. His remains were conveyed -in a hearse and six, to Ealing, in Middlesex, attended by three mourning -coaches with four horses to each. It was Mr. Tooke’s wish to have been -buried in his own ground; but to this the executors very properly made an -objection.[343] - - -1813. - -At the sale of the effects of the Rev. William Huntington (vulgarly -called the “Coal-heaver”), which commenced on the 22nd of September, and -continued for three following days, at his late residence, Hermes Hill, -Pentonville, one of his steady followers purchased a barrel of ale, -which had been brewed for Christmas, because he would have something to -remember him by.[344] - -[Illustration: WILLIAM HUNTINGTON (S.S.) - -“I cannot get D.D. for want of cash, therefore I am compelled to fly to -S.S., by which I mean Sinner Saved.”] - - -1814. - -Mr. John Nixon, of Basinghall Street, gave me the following information -respecting the Beefsteak Club. Mr. Nixon, as Secretary, had possession -of the original book. Lambert’s Club was first held in Covent Garden -Theatre, in the upper room, called the “Thunder and Lightning;” then in -one even with the two-shilling gallery; next in an apartment even with -the boxes; and afterwards in a lower room, where they remained until the -fire. After that time, Mr. Harris insisted upon it, as the playhouse was -a new building, that the Club should not be held there. They then went to -the Bedford Coffee-house next door. Upon the ceiling of the dining-room -they placed Lambert’s original gridiron, which had been saved from the -fire. They had a kitchen, a cook, and a wine-cellar, etc., entirely -independent of the Bedford Coffee-house. When the Lyceum, in the Strand, -was rebuilt, Mr. Arnold fitted up a room for the Beefsteak Club, where it -remained until the late fire. - -The society held at Robins’s room was called the “Ad Libitum” Society, of -which Mr. Nixon had the books; but it was a totally different society, -quite unconnected with the Beefsteak Club.[345] - - -1815. - -One of the biographers of Mrs. Abington, the first actress who played -the part of Lady Teazle in the _School for Scandal_, and so justly -celebrated in characters of ladies in high life, states that she died on -the 1st of March 1815, in her 84th year. Another informs us that she -died on the 4th; but neither of the writers say where she died, or where -she was buried; on inquiry, I found that she died at Pall Mall.[346] Of -all the theatrical ungovernable ladies under Mr. Garrick’s management, -Mrs. Abington, with her capriciousness, inconsistency, injustice, and -unkindness, perplexed him the most. She was not unlike the miller’s -mare, for ever looking for a white stone to shy at. And though no one -has charged her with malignant mischief, she was never more delighted -than when in a state of hostility, often arising from most trivial -circumstances, discovered in mazes of her own ingenious construction.[347] - -Mrs. Abington, in order to keep up her card-parties, of which she was -very fond, and which were attended by many ladies of the highest rank, -absented herself from her abode to live _incog._ For this purpose -she generally took a small lodging in one of the passages leading -from Stafford Row, Pimlico,[348] where plants are so placed at the -windows as nearly to shut out the light, at all events, to render the -apartments impervious to the inquisitive eye of such characters as -Liston represented in _Paul Pry_. Now and then she would take the small -house at the end of Mount Street, and there live with her servant in the -kitchen, till it was time to reappear; and then some of her friends would -compliment her on the effects of her summer’s excursion. - - “ADELPHI, _November 9_. - - “Mr. Garrick’s compliments to Mrs. Abington, and has sent her - on the other side a little alteration (if she approves it, not - else) of the epilogue, where there seems to be a patch: it - should, he believes, run thus:-- - - “Such a persecution! - ’Tis the great blemish of the constitution! - No human laws should Nature’s rights abridge, - Freedom of speech, our dearest privilege; - Ours is the wiser sex, though deemed the weaker, - I’ll put the Question, if you’ll cheer me, _Speaker_. - - “Suppose me now bewig’d, etc.[349] - - “Mrs. A. is at full liberty to adopt this alteration or not. - Had not our house overflowed last night in a quarter of an - hour, from the opening of Covent Garden had suffered much. As - it was, there was great room in the pit and gallery at the end - of the third act. - - “Much joy I sincerely wish you at your success in Lady Bab. May - it continue till we both are tired, you with playing the part, - and I with seeing it. - - “MRS. ABINGTON, 62, PALL MALL.” - - * * * * * - - TO RICHARD COSWAY, ESQ., R.A. - - “I have found another letter, which you will see is part - of the history I took the liberty of troubling you with. I - cannot express how much I am obliged to you for your goodness - and friendly confidence in telling me what you had heard of - this trumpery matter, as it has given me an opportunity of - convincing you, in some little degree, that _my conduct_ stands - in no need of protection, nor can at any time subject me to - fears from threatful insinuations of necessitous adventurers. I - am, Sir, your very much obliged and humble servant, - - “F. ABINGTON.” - - * * * * * - - TO RICHARD COSWAY, ESQ., R.A. - - “Mrs. Abington will feel herself most extremely mortified - indeed if she has not some hope given her that Mr. and Mrs. - Cosway will do her the very great honour of coming to her - benefit this evening. - - “She has been able to secure a small balcony in the very midst - of persons of the first rank in this country, which she set - down in the name of Mrs. Cosway, till she hears further; it - holds two in front, and has three rows holding two upon each, - so that Mr. Cosway may accommodate four other persons after - being comfortably seated with Mrs. Cosway. - - “_February 10th._ Nine o’clock.” - - * * * * * - - “ADELPHI, _December 8th_. - - “DEAR MADAM,--I altered the beginning of your epilogue, merely - for your ease and credit. I leave it wholly to your own - feelings to decide what to speak or what to reject. I find the - epilogue is liked, and therefore I would make it as tolerable - as possible for you. I assure you, upon my word, that if - you please yourself, you will please me. In my hurry I find, - looking over the lines this afternoon, that I have made a false - chime. I have made _directed_ and _corrected_ to chime, which - will not do: suppose them thus, - - “Does not he know, poor soul, to be _detected_ - Is what you hate, and more to be corrected.-- - - or thus:-- - - “Does not he know, in faults to be _detected_ - Is what you hate, and more to be _corrected_.[350] - - “I most sincerely wish you joy of your friend’s success. The - comedy will be in great vogue. - - “I am, Madam, your very humble Servant, - - “D. GARRICK.” - - Bad pen, and gouty fingers, - Poor Anacreon, thou growest old![351] - - * * * * * - - “PALL MALL, _November 4th, 1794_. - - “Mrs. Abington begs leave to present her compliments to Mr. - Webster, and to assure him that she feels perfectly ashamed - of the trouble which she has repeatedly given him, and is now - about to give him; but, indeed, she has so much dependence upon - the goodness of his heart, as well as of his understanding, - that she flatters herself he will forgive her committing - herself to him, upon matters which require more sense as well - as more management than falls to the share of the generality - of her acquaintance. The enclosed letter will explain to Mr. - Webster the nature of Mrs. Abington’s present difficulty, as he - will see she is in danger of losing the fine picture which has - been for near six years in the hands of Mr. Sherwin, for the - purpose of making a print from it. There is not one moment to - be lost, if Mr. Webster will have the goodness to undertake the - business; and she begs of him not to mention the matter further. - - “The picture is the property of Mrs. Abington, and given by Sir - Joshua Reynolds to Mr. Sherwin at his own particular request, - that Sir Joshua would favour him so far as to let him have the - preference of the many artists who, at the time the picture was - painted, applied for it to engrave a plate from it. - - “Mrs. Abington begs leave to present her kindest love and - regards to Mrs. Webster, and flatters herself that the whole - family are perfectly well. - - “She has this moment heard that all the armaments will now end - in peace. - - “To JOHN WEBSTER, ESQ., Duke Street, Westminster.” - -As Sherwin’s plate from this beautiful picture was published by the late -Mr. John Thane,[352] on February 1st, 1791, and as Mrs. Abington’s letter -to Mr. Webster is dated November 4th, 1794, it appears that the engraver -retained it nearly four years after the plate was finished; so that, -according to Mrs. Abington’s date, it must have been upwards of two years -in hand. - -My old friend, Mr. Thomas Thane, son of the publisher, who is now in -possession of the plate, kindly gave me impressions of it in three -states. The first is a great rarity: a proof before any letters, and the -reduction of the plate. The second is after the sides of the plate had -been reduced, with the names of the painter, engraver, and publisher, -perfectly engraved, and the name of Roxalana slightly etched. The third -and last state is, after the etched name Roxalana has been taken out and -engraved higher in the plate, to make room for some lines of poetry. - -At page 70 of the Wilmot Letters in the British Museum is the following -letter, addressed by the Hon. Horace Walpole to Mrs. Abington the -actress:-- - - “PARIS, _September, 1771_. - - “If I had known, Madam, of your being at Paris, before I - heard it from Colonel Blaquière,[353] I should certainly have - prevented your flattering invitation, and have offered you any - services that could depend on my acquaintance here. It is plain - I am old, and live with very old folks.”[354] - -Further on the same writer observes:-- - - “I have not that fault at least of a veteran, the thinking - nothing equalled to what they admired in their youth. I do - impartial justice to your merit, and fairly allow it not only - equal to that of any actress I have seen, but believe the - present age will not be in the wrong, if they hereafter prefer - it to those they may live to see. Your allowing me to wait on - you in London, Madam, will make me some amends for the loss - I have had here; and I shall take an early opportunity of - assuring you how much I am, Madam, your most obliged humble - servant, - - “HORACE WALPOLE.” - - * * * * * - - “MADAM,--You may certainly always command me and my house. My - common custom is to give a ticket for only four persons at a - time; but it would be very insolent in me, when all laws are - set at nought, to pretend to prescribe rules. At such times - there is a shadow of authority in setting the laws aside by - the legislature itself; and though I have no army to supply - their place, I declare Mrs. Abington may march through all my - dominions at the head of _as large_ a troop as she pleases;--I - do not say, as she can muster and command, for then I am sure - my house would not hold them. The day, too, is at her own - choice; and the master is her very obedient humble servant, - - “HOR. WALPOLE. - - “STRAWBERRY HILL, _June 11, 1780_.” - - * * * * * - - MRS. ABINGTON TO MRS. JORDAN. - - “NO. 19, ETON STREET, GROSVENOR PLACE, - - “_January 6th, 1807_. - - “I beg leave, dear Madam, to make my grateful acknowledgments - for the favour of your kind remembrance. Your ticket with - those of dear Miss Betsworth, and the Miss Jordans, was sent to - my present habitation on New Year’s day. - - “I have not slept in London since I came from the Wealds of - Kent, where I passed my summer upon a visit to Sir Walter and - Lady Jane James, and their lovely family.[355] It is near a - grand scene of Gothic magnificence, called Bayham Abbey, a seat - of Lord Camden’s, the brother of Lady Jane. In their peaceful - retreat and accomplished society, I have very much recovered - my health and spirits, and hope to have the happiness of - seeing you soon, as I am now looking for something to inhabit - in London. In the meantime, if you, dear Madam, or the Miss - Jordans, will do me the honour of calling at my present abode, - which are two rooms, where I keep my clothes and trumpery, I - shall be much flattered; and beg you to accept the compliments - of the season, and a sincere wish that you may see many, - many returns, with every happiness you are so well entitled - to expect. Adieu, my dearest Madam. Be pleased to make my - compliments to the ladies, and believe me your most obliged, - etc., - - “F. ABINGTON.”[356] - -[Illustration: MRS. JORDAN - -“The very sound of the little familiar word _bud_ from her lips … was a -whole concentrated world of the power of loving.”--_Leigh Hunt_] - - -1816. - -As a playful relaxation from my former more serious applications, -I commenced my work of the most remarkable London Beggars, with -biographical sketches of each character.[357] By this publication I -gained more money than by all my antiquarian labours united. Her late -Majesty, Queen Charlotte, and the Princess Elizabeth, much encouraged -their publicity; but I must acknowledge that my greatest success was -owing to the warm and friendly exertions of the late Charles Cowper,[358] -Esq., of the Albany, a gentleman whose memory must be dear to every one -who had the pleasure of knowing him. - -Much about this time, the Print Room of the British Museum was closed, in -consequence of the death of the highly talented Mr. William Alexander, -when several friends exerted their interest to procure me the situation -of Keeper, an appointment which, I hope, I have held with no small -benefit to that National Institution, and with credit to myself. The -interest required to obtain this appointment may be conceived, when the -number of candidates is considered. The following letter was written -by his Grace the late Archbishop of Canterbury to one of his Grace’s -relations:-- - - “ADDINGTON, _Sept. 16th, 1816_. - - “MY DEAR MADAM,--With such interest as Mr. J. T. Smith - possesses, I am astonished he should think it worth while to - waste his strength in pursuit of such a trifling office as that - which is now vacant in the Museum. - - “It is impossible to resist the testimony which your Ladyship, - and many others, have borne to his merits and qualifications. - He certainly shall have my vote; and I have reason to believe - he will have the votes of the other two principal Trustees, to - whom the appointment belongs. - - “C. CANTUAR.”[359] - - -1817. - -Perhaps the only gala day now which gladdens the heart of the loyal -spectator, is the one afforded by Thomas Doggett, comedian, on the 1st -of August, to commemorate the accession of the House of Brunswick. This -scene is sure to be picturesque and cheerful, should the glorious sun, -“that gems the sea, and every land that blooms,” reflect the pendent -streamers of its variegated show, in the quivering eddies of Father -Thames’s silver tide. At what time Mr. Thomas Doggett was born, I am -ignorant. All I have been able to glean of him is, that Castle Street, -Dublin, has been stated as the place of his birth; and that he had the -honour of being the founder of our water games. Colley Cibber, speaking -of him, says, “As an actor he was a great observer of Nature; and as a -singer he had no competitor.” He was the author of the _Country Wake_, -a comedy, and was a patentee of Drury Lane Theatre until 1712; and my -friend, Mr. Thomas Gilliland,[360] in his work entitled _The Dramatic -Mirror_, states his death to have taken place on the 22nd of September -1721. - -In 1715, the year after George I. came to the throne, Doggett, to quicken -the industry and raise a laudable emulation in our young men of the -Thames, whereby they not only may acquire a knowledge of the river, but -a skill in managing the oar with dexterity, gave an orange-coloured -coat and silver badge, on which was sculptured the Hanoverian Horse, -to the successful candidate of six young watermen just out of their -apprenticeship, to be rowed for on the 1st of August, when the current -was strongest against them, starting from the “Old Swan,” London Bridge, -to the “Swan” at Chelsea. On the 1st of August 1722, the year after -Doggett’s death, pursuant to the tenor of his will, the prize was first -rowed for, and has been given annually ever since.[361] - - “They gripe their oars; and every panting breast - Is raised by turns with hope, by turns with fear deprest.” - -This gratifying sight I have often witnessed; and the -never-to-be-forgotten Charles Dibdin considered it so pleasing a subject, -that in 1774 he brought out at the Haymarket Theatre a ballad opera, -entitled _The Waterman, or the First of August_. In this piece, Tom Tug, -the hero, is in love with a gardener’s daughter, before whom he sings, - - “And did you not hear of a jolly young waterman, - Who at Blackfriars’ Bridge used for to ply; - And he feathered his oars with such skill and dexterity, - Winning each heart, and delighting each eye,” etc. - -Poor Tug, who considered himself slighted for another lover, whom the -girl of his heart appeared to prefer, after declaring that he would go -on board a man-of-war to cast away his care, sings a song, of which the -following is the first verse:-- - - “Then farewell, my trim-built wherry, - Oars and coat and badge farewell! - Never more at Chelsea ferry - Shall your Thomas take a spell,” etc. - -However, Tom rowed for Doggett’s Coat and Badge, which he had an eye -upon, in order to obtain the girl, if possible, by his prowess. She was -seated at the Swan, and admired the successful candidate before she -discovered him to be her suitor Thomas, then - - “Blushed an answer to his wooing tale.” - -The part of Tom Tug was originally performed by Charles Bannister, -and esteemed so great a favourite, that Mr. Garrick selected the -entertainment of _The Waterman_, to follow the comedy of _The Wonder_, on -the evening of his last performance on the stage.[362] Had the author of -_The Waterman_, when composing that little entertainment, suspected that -the Plague’s blood-red bills of - - “LORD, HAVE MERCY UPON US,” - -had been fixed upon this house, the Swan, his Muse most likely would have -whispered, “You must not sadden these scenes.” Pepys, in his _Diary_, -made the following entry:-- - -“_April 9th, 1666._--Thinking to have been merry at Chelsey, but being -come almost to the house, by coach, near the water-side, a house alone, I -think the Swan, a gentleman walking by called to us to tell us that the -house was shut up of the sickness.” - - -1818. - -It is scarcely possible for any person, possessing the smallest share -of common observation, to pass through ten streets in London, without -noticing what is generally denominated a character, either in dress, -walk, pursuits, or propensities. As even my enemies are willing to give -me credit for a most respectful attention to the ladies, I hope they will -not in this instance impeach my gallantry, because I place the fair sex -at the head of my table of remarks, as to the eccentricity of some of -their dresses. Miss Banks,[363] the sister of Sir Joseph, was looked -after by the eye of astonishment wherever she went, and in whatever -situation she appeared. Her dress was that of the _Old School_; her -Barcelona quilted petticoat had a hole on either side for the convenience -of rummaging two immense pockets, stuffed with books of all sizes. This -petticoat was covered with a deep stomachered gown, sometimes drawn -through the pocket-holes, similar to those of many of the ladies of -Bunbury’s time, which he has introduced in his prints. In this dress I -have frequently seen her walk, followed by a six-foot servant with a cane -almost as tall as himself. - -Miss Banks, for so that lady was called for many years, was frequently -heard to relate the following curious anecdote of herself. After making -repeated inquiries of the wall-vendors of halfpenny ballads for a -particular one which she wanted, she was informed by the claret-faced -woman, who strung up her stock by Middlesex Hospital-gates, that if she -went to a printer in Long Lane, Smithfield, probably he might supply -her Ladyship with what her Ladyship wanted. Away trudged Miss Banks -through Smithfield, “_all on a market-day_”; but before she entered Mr. -Thompson’s shop, she desired her man to wait for her at the corner, by -the plumb-pudding stall. “Yes, we have it,” was the printer’s answer -to the interrogative. He then gave Miss Banks what is called a book, -consisting of many songs. Upon her expressing her surprise when the man -returned her eightpence from her shilling, and the great quantity of -songs he had given her, when she only wanted one,--“What, then!” observed -the man, “are you not one of our chanters? I beg your pardon.” - -It has been stated that this lady and Lady Banks, out of compliment to -Sir Joseph, who had been deeply engaged in the production of wool, had -their riding-habits made of his produce, in which dresses those ladies -at one period upon all occasions appeared. Indeed, so delighted was -Miss Banks with this _overall_-covering, that she actually gave the -habit-maker orders for three at a time,--and they were called _Hightum_, -_Tightum_, and _Scrub_. The first was her best, the second her second -best, and the third her every-day one. - -I have been informed that once, when Miss Banks and her sister-in-law -visited a friend with whom they were to stay several days, on the evening -of their arrival they sat down to dinner in their riding-habits. Their -friend had a large party after dinner to meet them, and they entered the -drawing-room in their riding-habits. On the following morning they again -appeared in their riding-habits; and so on, to the astonishment of every -one, till the conclusion of their visit. - -Being in possession of an immense number of tradesmen’s tokens -current at this time, I left them in Soho Square, with a note begging -Miss Banks’s acceptance of any she might want. After a few hours, her -footman’s knock at my door announced the arrival of Miss Banks, who -entered the parlour holding up the front of her riding-habit with both -hands, the contents of which she delivered upon the table, at the same -time observing “that she considered herself extremely obliged to me for -my politeness, but that, extraordinary as it might appear, out of so many -hundred there was not one that she wanted.” - -Although Miss Banks displayed great attention to many persons, there were -others to whom she was wanting in civility. I have heard that a great -genius, who had arrived a quarter of an hour before the time specified -upon the card for dinner, was shown into the drawing-room, where Miss -Banks was putting away what are sometimes called _rattle-traps_.[364] -When the visitor observed, “It is a fine day, Ma’am,” she replied, “I -know nothing at all about it; you must speak to my brother upon that -subject when you are at dinner.” Notwithstanding the very singular -appearance of Miss Banks, she was in the prime of life, a fashionable -whip, and drove four-in-hand. - -Mrs. Carter,[365] the translator of Epictetus, was also singular in her -dress. Her upper walking-garment, in the latter part of her life, which -was cut short, was more like a bed-gown than anything else. The last time -I met this benevolent lady was in 1801, at Mrs. Dards’s exhibition,[366] -an immense collection of artificial flowers made entirely by herself with -fish-bones, the incessant labour of many years. I remember, in the course -of conversation, Mrs. Dards observed, “No one can imagine the trouble I -had in collecting the bones for that bunch of lilies of the valley; each -cup consists of the bones which contain the brains of the turbot; and -from the difficulty of matching the sizes, I never should have completed -my task had it not been for the kindness of the proprietors of the -London, Free-Masons’, and Crown and Anchor Taverns, who desired their -waiters to save all the fish-bones for me.” - -[Illustration: HENRY CONSTANTINE JENNINGS (OR NOEL) - -“… barring his eccentricities.”] - -This ingenious person distributed a card embellished with flowers and -insects, upon which was engraven the following advertisement:-- - - NO. 1, SUFFOLK STREET, COCKSPUR STREET. - - “MRS. DARDS begs leave to inform her friends in particular, and - the public in general, that after a labour of thirty years, she - has for their inspection and amusement opened an exhibition - of shell-work, consisting of a great variety of beautiful - objects equal to nature, which are minutely described in the - catalogue. Likewise is enabled to gratify them - - “_With bones, scales, and eyes, from the prawn to the porpoise,_ - _Fruit, flies, birds, and flowers, oh, strange metamorphose!_” - - “Open from ten to six in the summer,--from ten to four in the - winter. - - “ADMITTANCE 1s. CATALOGUE 6d.” - -Mr. Jennings,[367] latterly known as Constantine Noel, barring his -eccentricities, was an accomplished gentleman, a traveller of infinite -taste, and one of the most liberal and entertaining companions -imaginable. Mr. Noel’s figure was short, thin, and much bent by age; -and he was very singular in his dress. The crown of his hat fitted his -head as close as a _pitch-plaster_; his coat was short, of common cloth, -and, like Mr. Wodhull’s, regularly buttoned up from his waist to his -chin. His stockings were not striped blue and white, like those of Sir -Thomas Stepney,[368] but of _pepper-and-salt_ mixture, and of worsted. He -stepped astride in consequence of the bowness of his legs, and generally -attracted notice by striking his walking-stick hard on the stones with -his right arm fully extended, while his left hung swinging low before -him. He wore thick-sole shoes, with small buckles, and seldom showed -linen beyond the depths of his stock. - -My father, who knew him well, used to relate the annexed anecdote. Mr. -Noel one day, when at the corner of Rathbone Place, close to Wright’s, -the intelligent grocer, finding himself rather fatigued, called -repeatedly to the first coachman, who, after laughing at him for some -time, increased the insult by observing, “A coach, indeed! a coach! who’s -to pay for it?” - -“You rascal,” exclaimed Mr. Noel, clenching his stick in the position of -chastisement, “why don’t you come when I call, Sir; I’ll make an example -of you, I will.” - -The coachman continued laughing, till a gentleman accosted Mr. Jennings -thus:--“My worthy friend, what is all this about?” - -The coachman was immediately curbed; and when Mr. Noel’s friend had -parted with him, by shaking his hand in the coach, the coachman, touching -the front of his hat, wished to know of his _honour_ “_Where to?_” - -“I’ll give you a pretty dance,” replied Mr. Noel; “drive me to h----, you -rascal; to Whitechapel, and from thence to Hyde Park Corner. I’ll take -care it shall be long enough before you get any dinner, you rascal, I -will.” Then, with a nod and a smile to the assembled crowd, he declared, -to their no small amusement, “I’ll punish him.” - -Dr. Burges, of Mortimer Street, whose singular figure has been etched by -Gillray, under which he wrote, “From Warwick Lane,” was one of the last -men who wore a cocked-hat and deep ruffles. What rendered his appearance -more remarkable, he walked on tiptoe.[369] - -It was the regular custom of Mr. Alderman Boydell, who was a very early -riser, at five o’clock, to go immediately to the pump in Ironmonger Lane. -There, after placing his wig upon the ball at the top of it, he used to -sluice his head with its water. This well-known and highly respected -character,[370] who has done more for the British artists than all the -print-publishers put together, was also one of the last men who wore the -three-cornered hat commonly called “Egham, Staines, and Windsor.” - -I recollect another character, a bricklayer, of the name of Pride, of -Vine Street, Piccadilly, who wore the three-cornered hat commonly called -“The Cumberland Cock.”[371] - - -1822. - -In October this year the venerable Mrs. Garrick departed this life, when -seated in her armchair in the front drawing-room of her house in the -Adelphi. She had ordered her maid-servants to place two or three gowns -upon chairs, to determine in which she would appear at Drury Lane Theatre -that evening, it being a private view of Mr. Elliston’s improvements -for the season. Perhaps no lady in public and private life held a more -unexceptionable character. She was visited by persons of the first -rank; even our late Queen Charlotte, who had honoured her with a visit -at Hampton, found her peeling onions for pickling. The gracious Queen -commanded a knife to be brought, saying, “I will peel some onions too.” -The late King George IV. and King William IV., as well as other branches -of the Royal Family, frequently honoured her with visits. - -In the course of conversation with Mrs. Garrick (to whom I had been -introduced by the late Dr. Burney), that lady expressed a wish to see -the collection of Mr. Garrick’s portraits, which the Doctor had most -industriously collected. After the honourable trustees had purchased -the Doctor’s library, which contained ten folio volumes of theatrical -portraits, I reminded Mrs. Garrick of her wish, in consequence of which I -received the following letter:-- - - “Mr. Beltz[372] presents his compliments to Mr. Smith, and is - desired by his respected friend Mrs. Garrick to acquaint him, - in answer to the favour of his letter of the 12th inst., that - she proposes (unless she should hear from Mr. Smith that it - will be inconvenient to him) to do herself the pleasure of - calling on him at the British Museum on Tuesday next, between - twelve and one, for the purpose of inspecting the prints of Mr. - Garrick, to which Mr. Smith refers. - - “HERALDS’ COLLEGE, _Aug. 18th, 1821_.” - -On the appointed morning Mrs. Garrick arrived, accompanied by Mr. Beltz. -She was delighted with the portraits of Mr. Garrick, many of which were -totally unknown to her. Her observations on some of them were extremely -interesting, particularly that by Dance, as Richard III.[373] Of that -painter she stated, that Mr. Garrick, who had been the artist’s best -friend and benefactor, behaved in the most dirty manner in return; for -in the course of his painting the picture Mr. Garrick had agreed to give -him two hundred guineas for it. One day at Mr. Garrick’s dining-table, -where Dance had always been a welcome guest, he observed that Sir Watkin -Williams Wynn,[374] who had seen the picture, spontaneously offered -him three hundred guineas for it. “Did you tell him it was for me?” -questioned Mr. Garrick. “No, I did not.” “Then you mean to let him have -it?” Garrick rejoined. “Yes, I believe I shall,” replied the painter. -“However,” observed Mrs. Garrick, “my husband was very good; he bought me -a most handsome looking-glass, which cost him more than the agreed price -of the picture; and that was put up in the place where Dance’s picture -was to have hung.” Mrs. Garrick being about to quit her seat, said she -should be glad to see me at Hampton. “Madam,” said I, “you are very good; -but you would oblige me exceedingly by honouring me with your signature -on this day.” “What do you ask me for? I have not taken a pen in my hand -for many months. Stay, let me compose myself; don’t hurry me, and I will -see what I can do. Would you like it written with my spectacles on, or -without?” Preferring the latter, she wrote “E. M. Garrick,” but not -without some exertion. - -“I suppose now, Sir, you wish to know my age. I was born at Vienna, -the 29th of February, 1724, though my coachman insists upon it that I -am above a hundred. I was married at the parish of St. Giles at eight -o’clock in the morning, and immediately afterwards in the chapel of the -Portuguese Ambassador, in South Audley Street.” - -A day or two after Mrs. Garrick’s death, I went to the Adelphi, to know -if a day had been fixed for the funeral. “No,” replied George Harris, one -of Mrs. Garrick’s confidential servants; “but I will let you know when it -is to take place. Would you like to see her? she is in her coffin.” “Yes, -I should.” Upon entering the back room on the first-floor, in which Mr. -Garrick died, I found the deceased’s two female servants standing by her -remains. I made a drawing of her, and intended to have etched it. “Pray, -do tell me,” looking at one of the maids, “why is the coffin covered -with sheets?” “They are their wedding sheets, in which both Mr. and Mrs. -Garrick wished to have died.” I was informed that one of these attentive -women had incurred her mistress’s displeasure by kindly pouring out a cup -of tea, and handing it to her in her chair. “Put it down, you hussey; -do you think I cannot help myself?” She took it herself, and a short -time after she had put it to her lips, died. This lady continued her -practice of swearing now and then, particularly when any one attempted to -impose upon her. A stonemason brought in his bill with an overcharge of -sixpence more than the sum agreed upon; on which occasion he endeavoured -to appease her rage by thus addressing her:--“My dear Madam, do -consider”--“My dear Madam! What do you mean, you d---- fellow? Get out of -the house immediately. My dear madam, indeed!!” - -On the following day I received the promised letter, by the post. - - “SIR,--The funeral is fixed to leave the Adelphi Terrace soon - after ten o’clock to-morrow morning. Mrs. Garrick’s carriage, - the Dowager Lady Amherst’s, Dr. Maton’s, and Mr. Carr’s[375] - are the only carriages that will join the funeral. Your - obedient servant, - - “GEORGE HARRIS, - - “Servant to Mrs. Garrick.” - -On the day of the funeral, Miss Macauley,[376] the authoress, wishing to -see this venerable lady interred, placed herself under my protection; but -when we arrived at the Abbey, we were refused admittance by a person who -observed, “If it be your wish to see the waxwork, you must come when the -funeral’s over, and you will then be admitted into Poets’ Corner, by a -man who is stationed at the door to receive your money.” - -“Curse the waxwork!” said I; “this lady and I came to see Mrs. Garrick’s -remains placed in the grave.”--“Ah, well, you can’t come in; the Dean -won’t allow it.” As soon as the ceremony was over, we were admitted for -sixpence at the Poets’ Corner, and there we saw the earth that surrounded -the grave, and no more, as we refused to pay the demands of the showmen -of the Abbey. Surely this mode of admission to see the venerable -structure, and the monuments put up there at a most liberal expense by -the country, as memorials of departed worth, is an abominable disgrace to -the English Government.[377] - -Being disappointed in a sight of the burial, I applied to my friend, the -Rev. Thomas Rackett, one of Mrs. Garrick’s executors, for a list of those -persons who attended the funeral. - - IN THE FIRST COACH. - - Christopher Philip Garrick, and Nathan Egerton Garrick, - great-nephews of David Garrick; the Rev. Thomas Rackett, and - George Frederick Beltz, Esq., Lancaster Herald, Executors of - Mrs. Garrick’s will. - - IN THE SECOND COACH. - - Thomas Carr, Esq., Mrs. Garrick’s solicitor; and Mrs. Carr. - - IN THE THIRD COACH. - - Mr. James Deane, Agent to Mr. Carr, frequently employed by - Mrs. Garrick; Mr. Freeman, of Spring Gardens, Mrs. Garrick’s - apothecary. - - THOMAS RACKETT.[378] - - _December 4th, 1827._ - -[Illustration: THE GARRICKS - - “The fops that join to cry you down - Would give their ears to get her.” - -_Edward Moore on Garrick’s Marriage_] - -As Mr. Garrick was married by his friend, the celebrated Dr. -Francklin,[379] who at that time had a chapel in Great Queen Street, I -was anxious to ascertain whether the ceremony took place there or at -the parish church. I therefore applied to my friend, the Rev. Charles -M’Carthy, who favoured me with the following certificate:-- - - June 22, 1749. David Garrick, of St. Paul, Covent Garden; and - Eva Maria Violetti, of St. James’s, Westminster. - - T. FRANKLIN. - C. M’CARTHY, Curate and Reg.[380] - - -1823. - -In 1822, to the disgrace of the Antwerp picture collectors, -notwithstanding their professed zeal for the protection of high works -of art, they allowed the most precious gem, their boasted corner-stone, -to be carried away from their city. However, to the great honour of Mr. -Smith, the picture-dealer, it was secured for England. - -This corner-stone, which had been coveted by most of the amateurs in -the world, was no less a treasure than the picture known under the -appellation of the “Chapeau de Paille,”[381] by Rubens, which had been -in the Lunden’s, and then the Steir’s family, from the time it was sold -after the painter’s death, to the 29th of July, 1822, the day on which it -was brought to auction for the benefit of the last possessor’s family. - -When the auctioneer ordered the doors of the case in which it was kept to -be thrown open, every person took off his hat, and greeted the picture -with loud and repeated cheerings. After the company had, for some time, -gratified their eyes, the doors were locked and biddings commenced, the -company remaining uncovered till the bidders were silent. It was then -knocked down for the sum of thirty-two thousand seven hundred florins, to -a foreigner displaying an orange ribbon, hired by the real purchaser, Mr. -Smith, who suspected that if an Englishman had offered to bid, he would -have brought down a direful opposition. When it was discovered that it -was to be conveyed to England, the Antwerpers not only shed tears, but -followed it to Mr. Smith’s place of residence, expressing the strongest -desire to take their farewell look. Mr. Smith, not willing to risk its -safety, gave a seaman five guineas to convey it on shipboard by night, -and saw it safely landed on British ground. - -Upon its arrival in London, King George IV. commanded a sight of it; -and on the morning of Tuesday, September 3rd, Mr. Smith had it conveyed -from his house in Marlborough Street, to Carlton Palace, where it was -placed in the King’s dressing-room, the King keeping the key of the -case, that only private friends might see it. After the expiration of a -fortnight, the picture was returned; and in the month of March, 1823, it -was publicly exhibited at Stanley’s rooms. The Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel -became its liberal purchaser and protector. This picture is painted on -oak, and has been joined at the lower part across the hands, and there is -every reason for believing that Rubens painted it in the frame, as the -ground was unpainted upon, within the width of the rabbit. - -The popular report respecting this picture is, that it was the portrait -of Elizabeth Lunden, a young woman to whom Rubens was particularly -partial, who died of the small-pox, to the great grief of the painter. - -In this year I find the following letter in my album:-- - - “MY DEAR SIR,--Your desire to know the place of my nativity, - the profession for which I was intended, my first appearance - on the stage, and in town. This both honours and gratifies me, - inasmuch as your request places my name with men of genius and - education, the persons of all others I am most ambitious to be - found with. - - “The city of Bristol gave me birth, in 1778.[382] I was - brought up an artist, which profession I quitted for studies - more congenial to my feelings. Immortal Shakspeare wrought - the change, and his great contemporaries added fuel to flame. - Notwithstanding this mighty stimulus, in the year 1798 I made - my first attempt, in the part of young Hob, in _Hob in the - Well_,[383] in a town in Radnorshire, the theatre a barn in the - environs; the receipts seven shillings; my share sevenpence. I - removed from this luxury to the Stafford Company, thence to the - York Theatre, where I succeeded my friend Mathews, and in which - situation I remained seven years. - - “October 12th, 1809, I made my début in London, in the Theatre - Royal, Lyceum, with the Drury Lane Company. The devouring - element had destroyed that magnificent pile Old Drury, which - caused the professors to employ that place of refuge. The - pieces I selected for the terrific ordeal, were _The Soldier’s - Daughter_ and _Fortune’s Frolic_;[384] the characters, Timothy - Quaint and Robin Roughhead. The public were infinitely more - kind than my negative merits deserved; and with gratitude I - acknowledge, that up to the present period, their bounty very - far exceeds the humble ability of their devoted servant, and - your true friend, - - “EDWARD KNIGHT.[385] - - “THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY LANE, - - “GARDEN COTTAGE, COVENT GARDEN, GROUND CHAMBERS, - - “_Nov. 15th, 1823_.” - - -1824. - -The following notice is written in my album this year, by Major -Cartwright:-- - -“John Cartwright, born at Marnham, near Tuxford, in the county of -Nottingham, on the 17th of September, 1740, old style, corresponding with -the 28th, new style. In the year 1758 he entered the naval service, under -the command of Lord Howe; was promoted to a lieutenancy in September, -1762, and continued on active service until the spring of 1771. Then -retiring to recruit his health, he remained at Marnham till invited by -his old Commander-in-chief, in the year 1775 or 1776; but not approving -of the war with America, he declined accepting the proffered commission. -About the same time he became Major of the regiment of Nottinghamshire -Militia, then for the first time raised in that county, in which he -served seventeen years. - -“When George III. arrived at the year of the Jubilee, a naval promotion -of twenty Lieutenants to the rank of Commanders, and the name of J. C. -standing the twentieth on the list, he was commissioned as a Commander -accordingly. - -“In the year 1802 he published _The Trident_, a work in quarto, having -for its object to promote that elevation of character which can -alone preserve the vital spirit of a navy, as well as to furnish an -inexhaustible patronage of the arts. - - “JOHN CARTWRIGHT, residing in Burton Crescent, _26th Jan., 1824_.” - -The Major died on the 23rd of September this year, at his house in Burton -Crescent, at the venerable age of eighty-four.[386] - - -1825. - -An author, in whose real character I was for many years deceived, -frequently importuned me to caricature literary females. But this -malicious advice, being repugnant to my feelings, I never could listen -to, nor is it my intention even to make public a memory-sketch now in my -possession of the adviser, when he was stooping over and pretending to -kiss the putrid corpse of him a portion of whose vast property he is in -possession of, and, I was going to say, happily enjoys.[387] Profoundly -learned as the person above alluded to considers himself to be, the -reader will, after perusing the following lines, written purposely for my -album, be convinced that jealousy towards the fair sex must be that man’s -master-passion. - -IMPROMPTU LINES BY MISS BENGER, ON THE PAUCITY OF INFORMATION RESPECTING -THE LIFE AND CHARACTER OF SHAKSPEARE. - - Lives there, redeemed from dull oblivion’s waste, - One cherished line that _Shakspeare’s_ hand has traced? - Vain search! though glory crowns the poet’s bust, - His story sleeps with his unconscious dust. - Born--wedded--buried! Such the common lot, - And such was his. What more? almost a blot! - Even on his laurelled head with doubt we gaze; - And _fancy_ best his lineaments portrays. - Thus like an Indian deity enshrined, - In mystery is his image; whilst the mind - To us bequeathed, belongs to all mankind. - Yet here he lived; his manly high career - Of strange vicissitude, was measured here. - Not his the envied privilege to hail - The Eternal City! or in Tempe’s vale - Breathe inspiration with luxurious sighs, - And dream of Heaven beneath unclouded skies. - His sphere was bounded, and we almost trace - His daily haunts, where he was wont to chase - Unwelcome cares, or visions fair recall; - His breath still lingers on the cloistral wall, - With gloom congenial to his spirit fraught; - And thou, O Thames, his lonely sighs hast caught. - When one, the rhyming Charon of his day, - Who tugged the oar, yet conned a merry lay, - Full oft unconscious of the freight he bore, - Transferred the musing bard from shore to shore. - Too careless _Taylor!_ hadst thou well divined - The marvellous man to thy frail skiff consigned, - Thou shouldst have craved one tributary line, - To blend his glorious destiny with thine! - Nor vain the prayer!--who generous homage pays - To genius, wins the second meed of praise.[388] - -The much-famed Cup, carved from Shakspeare’s Mulberry-tree, lined with, -and standing on a base of silver, with a cover surmounted by a branch -of mulberry leaves and fruit, also of silver-gilt, which was presented -to Mr. Garrick on the occasion of the Jubilee at Stratford-upon-Avon, -was sold by Mr. Christie on May the 5th, 1825,[389] who addressed the -assembly nearly in the following words, for the recollection of which I -am obliged to the memory of my worthy friend, Henry Smedley, Esq.:[390]-- - - “Though this is neither the age nor the country in which relics - are made the objects of devotion, yet that which I am now to - submit to you must recall to your recollection the Stratford - Jubilee, when the pilgrims to the shrine of Avon were actuated - by a zeal as fervent as could have been exhibited either at - Loretto or Compostella. Let me then entreat a liberal bidding, - when I invoke you by the united names of Shakspeare and of - Garrick. I perceive that this little Cup is now submitted to - eyes well accustomed to appreciate the most exquisite treasures - of ancient arts; and that the rough and natural bark of the - mulberry-tree is regarded with as much veneration as the - choicest carving of Cellini or Fiamingo.” - -After one hundred guineas had been bid, Mr. Christie added, “I was -wishing that I had some of Falstaff’s sack here, with which I might fill -the Cup, and pledge this company, so as to invigorate their biddings; -but I think I may say now that at least there is no want of spirit among -them.” - - -1826. - -The term _busby_, now sometimes used when a large bushy wig is spoken of, -most probably originated from the wig denominated a buzz, frizzled and -bushy. At all events, we are not satisfied that the term busby could have -arisen, as many persons believe, from Dr. Busby, Master of Westminster -School, as all his portraits either represent him with a close cap, or -with a cap and hat.[391] - -During a most minute investigation of a regular series of English -portraits, which I was led into by a friend, in order, if possible, to -clear up this point, I was induced to look for the origin of wigs in -England, and their various sorts and successions, by commencing at the -time of William the Conqueror. In this search I was not able to find any -representation of wigs earlier than those worn by King Charles II.[392] -upon his Restoration, in proof of which I refer the reader to Faithorne’s -numerous portraits of that monarch, and he will find that that sort of -wig continued to be worn, with very little deviation, by succeeding kings -till George II.’s time, with whom it ended. The Merry Monarch, it has -been stated, followed the fashion of wearing a wig from Louis XIV.,[393] -with whom that custom commenced with the kings of France. The Duke of -Burgundy wore a wig. - -King George III. commenced his reign with wearing his own hair dressed -and powdered in the style of Woollett’s beautiful engraving of his -Majesty,[394] after a picture painted by Ramsey. King George III. wore a -wig, in the latter part of his reign, made from one of those worn by Mr. -Duvall, one of the masons of the Board of Works, with which shape his -Majesty was much pleased. - -The line in Pope, - - “Eternal buckle takes in Parian stone,” - -alludes to the wig carved on the monument of Sir Cloudesley Shovel in -Westminster Abbey.[395] - -This sort of wig, which received the appellation of “A Brown George,” -was also worn by several persons of rank, particularly the late Earl of -Cremorne.[396] Townsend, a Bow-street officer, condescendingly noticed -by the King, thought proper to wear a wig of this kind, in which he -appeared at the morning service in Westminster Abbey. - -It is worthy of observation, that in the reign of King Charles II. the -Lord Mayors of London followed his Majesty’s example, by wearing wigs -precisely of the same make, and equal to those worn by the Royal Family, -the highest courtiers, and persons of the first eminence in official -capacities. Nay indeed, Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey, a wood and coal-monger, -wore wigs of this shape, perhaps because he was a Justice of the Peace -within the King’s Court. The same kind of wig, equally deep, but with -curls rather looser and more tastefully flowing, was also worn by the -following high literary characters in the reigns of Charles II., James -II., William III., and Queen Anne:--Waller, Dryden, Addison, Steele, -Congreve, Vanbrugh, Butler, Rowe, Prior, Wycherley, etc.[397] Of these, -perhaps the two last-mentioned were the most foppish in their wigs, -particularly Wycherley, from whom the sets of large and beautifully -engraven combs of the finest tortoise-shell are named. With these combs -(which were carried in cases in their pockets) the wearers of wigs -adjusted their curls, ruffled and entangled by the wind. These combs are -held as curiosities by many of our old families. The last I saw was in -the possession of the friendly Dr. Meyrick, author of _The History of -Armour_. I have somewhere read that Wycherley, who was esteemed one of -the handsomest men of his day, was frequently seen standing in the pit -of the theatre combing and adjusting the curls of his wig, whilst in -lolling conversation with the first ladies of fashion in the boxes.[398] -Most of Sir Godfrey Kneller’s portraits were painted in this flowing wig, -particularly that celebrated series entitled Queen Anne’s Admirals.[399] -These pictures were lately moved by command of King George IV. from -Hampton Court Palace to the Nautical Gallery in Greenwich Hospital, where -they are placed to the highest advantage among numerous other portraits -of England’s naval victors. - -The actors at this time wore immense wigs, particularly Bullock, -Penkethman, etc.; Cibber’s was in moderation. It must here be observed, -that I now allude to their private wigs; their state wigs were, as -they are now, purposely caricatured to please the galleries.[400] I -believe that the first wig worn by an English divine was that of John -Wallis,[401] engraved by Burghers, and published at Oxford in the year -1699; it was profusely curled, but not so deep over the shoulders as -those of statesmen. - -There were many singular, and, indeed, learned characters whose wigs -were peculiarly shaped, such, for instance, as that of Bubb Doddington, -Lord Chesterfield, and the Duke of Newcastle. MacArdell’s print of Lord -Anson, after a picture by Sir Joshua Reynolds, was, I have every reason -to think, the first of the shape erroneously called the Busby. This sort, -Dr. Samuel Johnson, Armstrong, Hunter, the Rev. George Whitfield, Lord -Monboddo, etc., wore in their latter years. - -[Illustration: DR. OLIVER GOLDSMITH - -“The fellow took me for a tailor.”] - -The earliest engraved portraits of Dr. Johnson exhibit a wig with -five rows of curls, commonly called “a story wig.”[402] Among the old -dandies of this description of wig we may class Mr. Saunders Welch, Mr. -Nollekens’ father-in-law--he had nine storeys. So was that worn by Mr. -Nathaniel Hillier,[403] an extensive print-collector, as is represented -in an engraved portrait of that gentleman. Dr. Goldsmith’s wig was small -and remarkably slovenly, as may be seen by Bretherton’s etching. Sir -Joshua’s portrait of him is without a wig. Mr. Garrick’s wigs (I mean -his private ones) were three in number,--the first is engraved by Wood, -published in the year 1745; the second is by Sherwin, engraved for Tom -Davies; the last is from a private plate by Mrs. Solly, after a drawing -by Dance. I will leave off here with the wig, and give a few instances -of the tails. These perhaps originated with the Chinese, but the first -specimen of a tail, which I have hitherto been able to procure, to -which a date can be given, is in Sherwin’s print of Frederick, King of -Prussia.[404] - - -1827. - -The Londoners, but more particularly the inhabitants of Westminster, who -had been for years accustomed to recreate within the chequered shade of -Millbank’s willows, have been by degrees deprived of that pleasure, as -there are now very few trees remaining, and those so scanty of foliage, -by being nearly stript of their bark, that the public are no longer -induced to tread their once sweetly variegated banks.[405] - -Here, on many a summer’s evening, Gainsborough, accompanied by his -friend Collins, amused himself by sketching docks and nettles, which -afforded the Wynants and Cuyp-like effects to the foregrounds of his -rich and glowing landscapes. Collins resided in Tothill Fields, and was -the modeller of rustic subjects for tablets of chimneypieces in vogue -about seventy years back. Most of them were taken from Æsop’s Fables, and -are here and there to be met with in houses that have been suffered to -remain in their original state. I recollect one, that of the “Bear and -Bee-hives,” in the back drawing-room of the house formerly the mansion of -the Duke of Ancaster on the western side of Lincoln’s Inn Fields.[406] - -Millbank, which originally extended with its pollarded willows from -Belgrave House[407] to the White Lead Mills at the corner of the lane -leading to “Jenny’s Whim,” afforded similar subjects to those selected by -four of the old rural painters; for instance, the boat-builders’ sheds on -the bank, with their men at work on the shore, might have been chosen by -Everdingen;[408] the wooden steps from the bank, the floating timber, and -old men in their boats, with the Vauxhall and Battersea windmills, by Van -Goyen;[409] the various colours of the tiles of the cart-sheds, entwined -by the autumnal tinged vines, backed with the most prolific orchards, -with the women gathering the garden produce for the ensuing day’s market, -would have pleased Ruysdael;[410] and the basket-maker’s overhanging -smoking hut, with a woman in her white cap and sunburnt petticoat, -dipping her pail for water, might have been represented by the pencil of -Dekker.[411] It was within one of the Neat House Gardens[412] near this -bank that Garnerin’s kitten descended from the balloon which ascended -from Vauxhall Gardens in the year 1802.[413] This descent is thus handed -down in a song attributed to George Colman the younger, entitled - - PUSS IN A PARACHUTE. - - Poor puss in a grand parachute - Was sent to sail down through the air, - Plump’d into a garden of fruit, - And played up old gooseberry there. - The gardener, transpiring with fear, - Stared just like a hundred stuck hogs; - And swore, though the sky was quite clear, - ’Twas beginning to rain cats and dogs. - - Mounseer, who don’t value his life, - In the Thames would have just dipped his vings, - If it vasn’t for vetting his vife, - For vimen are timbersome things: - So at Hampstead he landed her dry; - And after this dangerous sarvice, - He took a French leave of the sky, - And vent back to Vauxhall in a Jarvis. - - -1828. - -Most willingly would I have resigned all the pleasures I ever enjoyed, -save that of my wedding-day, to have joined the throng of enthusiastics -in art, who assembled at Nuremberg this year, to do homage to the memory -of that morning star in art, Albert Dürer. Of the many descriptions -of the proceedings upon that glorious occasion, none gave me higher -delight than that of Mr. L. Schutze,[414] of Carlsruhe, an artist of -very considerable abilities, who, upon my requesting him to favour me -with an account, goodnaturedly complied with my wishes, but with all the -diffidence of one who had not long written in the English language. - - “At the festival which took place in Nuremberg, 1828, on - the 6th and 7th of April, the month on which Albert Dürer - died three hundred years before, some pupils of Cornelius in - Munich, intended to paint some transparent sceneries, the - most interesting ones, taken from his life, and to exhibit - them at the Festival. For this purpose they gave notice to - the magistrates and to the artists that they would arrive on - the 28th of March. The magistrates and artists were quite - satisfied with this offer, and resolved to welcome them some - miles from Nuremberg. Two gentlemen of consideration offered - their coaches, with four horses, and the most part of the - artists took post-coaches, all with four horses. One gentleman, - Mr. Campe,[415] a very clever man, and member of the Artists’ - Society, who led the procession, which consisted of eight - coaches with about thirty artists, took a barrel with wine - in his coach, and also a very old and interesting pitcher, - which was presented to A. Dürer by one of his particular - friends. About eight miles from Nuremberg, in Reichersdorf, - we stopped at the inn, intending to wait for the artists from - Munich. Mr. Campe ordered a good breakfast, and put up his - barrel and golden pitcher. Scarcely was all prepared, and the - breakfast ready, when we saw the artists arrive (we called them - ‘Cornelians,’ after the name of their master[416]), with a flag - and green branches in their caps, and merry singing. A loud - _vivat_ was the first expression of welcome; they were quite - astonished to find there so great a company. We now invited - them to come in, and to take refreshments after their fatigues. - The first proceeding was now to fill the pitcher with wine, - and to drink their health. There were about thirty-six artists - from Munich. After having made some speeches, having taken the - breakfast, and emptied the barrel, we, all quite refreshed and - pleased, took place in our chair-waggons, into which we invited - also the Cornelians, and rode back to Nuremberg. - - “At the old castle we all descended from our waggons, and saw - the old building, which is so very interesting in the history - of Germany. Then we went down to the house of Albert Dürer, - where all the strangers who arrived entered their names in a - book. Several gentlemen of consideration had offered to give - lodging to some of the strange artists, which was accepted with - great pleasure by them. Many others of them had free lodging - in the inns. The magistrates paid all their necessaries during - their stay. Every day artists and strangers arrived, and the - house of Albert Dürer was the place of meeting. The Cornelians - began to paint their transparencies: they had drawn the - sketches for them already in Munich. There were seven pictures; - they represented, firstly, Albert Dürer coming in receiving - instructions from Wohlgemuth; secondly, his marriage ceremony; - thirdly, the Banquet in Utrecht; fourthly, the Goddess of Art - crowns Albert Dürer and Raphael; fifthly, Dürer on board ship; - sixthly, the death of Dürer’s mother; seventhly, Dürer’s death. - We artists in Nuremberg painted Dürer’s figure, and several - allegories and writings, about sixty feet high altogether, - also transparencies, which we intended to exhibit on the road, - opposite his house. - - “Cornelius and many of the first artists from Munich, and from - other parts of Germany, arrived, and Dürer’s house was always - crowded: certainly a very interesting time to make acquaintance - with artists from several parts of the continent, and also to - see again old friends. The 6th of April, in the morning at six - o’clock, we went altogether to the grave of Albert Dürer. It - was very bad weather, all the night, much snow was falling, and - a very disagreeable wind blew. When we arrived at the grave, - and the musicians, who were with us, began to play, and we - began to sing, the sun at once appeared and looked friendly - down upon us. We sang three songs with accompaniments of - instruments; and then a speech was made, after which we went - home. Scarcely were we arrived there, when it again began to - snow, and it was very disagreeable all the day. - - “After noon, at half past six o’clock, an Oratorium composed - by Schneider,[417] took place in the Town-house. Mr. Schneider - came himself from Dessau, two hundred and fifty miles from - Nuremberg, to direct it. In the Town-house may still be seen - a triumphal procession, painted on the wall by Albert Dürer. - On one side the musicians were placed, and opposite to them - the seven transparencies were exhibited; they were beautifully - finished and pleased everybody. - - “After the oratorium a splendid supper took place, where - all the artists took part, and also several gentlemen of - consideration. Mr. Campe distributed to those present some - printed poems and books, containing interesting tales or - descriptions of clever men, contemporaries of Albert Dürer. - Then there were music and dancing. - - “On the 7th, at nine in the morning, there was a meeting - in the Town-house; all the artists were dressed in black, - and had flat hats and swords, except the strangers. The - magistrates distributed medals with Dürer’s portrait. At half - past eleven o’clock the procession began:--the magistrates, - the two burgomasters, the clergymen, many officers, and - all the artists, about three hundred persons together. The - military with music made a line in the streets through which - the procession passed. The King was expected, but did not - come. In the Milk-market (now called Albert Dürer’s Place) - the procession commenced; some speeches were made, then the - foundation-stone of a monument to Albert Dürer was laid, and - trumpets and cymbals resounded. Then all was finished, and all - went home. At two o’clock a brilliant dinner took place in the - Court of Bavaria, accompanied by music; and several poems and - songs were distributed, and the poor were not forgotten,--a - rich collection being made for them. In the theatre, the - play called _Albert Dürer_ was performed; and then our great - transparency was illuminated, and on the house where Albert - Dürer was born, and likewise where he had lived during the - latter part of his life, several inscriptions were illuminated. - A procession with flambeaux and fireworks ended the - festival-day. Some of the richest inhabitants arranged dinners - and suppers, and other rejoicings, to honour the artists. The - magistrates ordered also a very brilliant supper on the last - evening, before the artists parted, and bade them farewell. - - “L. SCHUTZE.” - -[Illustration: THE WIG IN ENGLAND - -A MACARONI READY FOR THE PANTHEON] - -For the following dates I am indebted to Albert Dürer’s Diary, contained -in the _Foreign Quarterly Review_ for January 1833, a work replete with -most interesting information. Albert Dürer was born in 1471; his father -taught him the goldsmith’s craft. In 1486 he was bound for three years -to Michael Wohlgemuth, an engraver on wood. He was married to Agnes, an -_un-lamb-like_ daughter of Hans Frey. He died on the 6th of April, 1528, -of a decline. His wife, an avaricious shrew, “_gnawed him to his very -heart,--he was dried up to a faggot_.”[418] Little did Albert Dürer -think, particularly from the period of his unhappy marriage to the hour -of his dissolution, when he was only fifty-seven years of age, that such -honours would be paid to his memory. - -The following letter is perhaps worth insertion here:-- - - “QUEEN STREET, MAYFAIR, - - “_Dec. 22, 1828_. - - “MY DEAR SIR,--Shortly after my return from Rome, in 1798, - I espied a bust in Rosso Antico, lying under a counter at a - broker’s shop, in Great Portland Street. I recognised its - antiquity; it was _a Faun_, large as life, in the best style - of art. I bought it for the trifling sum of £1. I had it in - my study many months. During this period, I often assisted - Nollekens in the architectural department of his monuments, - receiving no thanks; but an invitation one day, as we talked - Italian together. On accidentally mentioning my antique Faun, - he came to see it, and was so struck with its beauty, that he - would never rest till he got it out of my hands. He succeeded, - by offering me some models of his own, and ten pounds. Wishing - to oblige him, I let him have the bust, and he sent me two - miserable models not much higher than my thumb, of a Bacchus - and Ariadne, since broken to pieces. - - “This bust was in the collection at his sale, and it was - knocked down by Christie to the Duke of Newcastle for a hundred - and sixty pounds. - - “With great respect, ever yours truly, - - “CHARLES HEATHCOTE TATHAM.”[419] - -The following letter is curious:-- - - “In the winter of 1815, making a tour of the Netherlands, I - was in Bruges when the well-known statue, or rather group, of - the ‘Virgin and Child,’ by Michael Angelo Buonarotti, which - had been carried from the church of Notre Dame to Paris, was - restored, in a packing-case, to that church. On this occasion - a procession of the priests and officers of the church, and - of some of the municipal officers, took place; and a Mass was - celebrated. About a month afterwards, I was again in Bruges, - and saw this fine work of art replaced in its former situation, - on the altar of one of the small chapels. It is, indeed, a - wonderful work. - - “I was about the same period in Antwerp, and was present - when the pictures which had been taken to Paris, arrived in - carriages, and were escorted into the city by an English - regiment, then in garrison there (either the 15th or 25th of - infantry), preceded by the band of that regiment playing ‘God - save the King,’ and accompanied by the members of the Academy - of Antwerp, and the magistracy of the city. I own I felt all - the pride of an Englishman at seeing these works of art, which - British valour had regained, thus restored to the places from - whence they had been pillaged. - - “STEPHEN PORTER.[420] - - “TEMPLE, _Feb. 5, 1828_.” - -In July, I went to Hungerford Stairs to gain what information I could -respecting “Copper Holmes.” A waterman, whose face declared he had seen a -few liberal days, accosted me with the usual question, “Oars, sculler?” -I shook my head; but, upon a nearer approach, asked him the following -question, “How long has Copper been dead?” “There sits his widow at that -window mending her stockings,” said he; “we’ll go and put it to her.” - -On approaching her the waterman said, “This gentleman wants to know how -long Copper has been dead?” “How do you do?” said I, “your husband has -often in my early days rowed me to Pepper Alley.” “He died,” said the -woman (who retained enough in her care-worn features to induce me to -believe she had been pretty), sticking her needle on her cap, “he died, -poor fellow, on the 3rd of October, 1821, and a better man never trod -shoe-leather. He was downright and honest, and what he said he would do, -he did. I had been his wife two-and-twenty years; but he married me after -he left the _Ark_. His first wife lived in the _Ark_ with her children.” -“What vessel had the _Ark_ been?” “She had been a Westcountryman, and -it cost him altogether (with her fittings-up with sheets of copper) -one hundred and fifty pounds, and that gave him the name of ‘_Copper -Holmes_.’ His Christian name was Thomas. Ay, Sir, his lawsuit with the -City crippled him:[421] but I will say this for him, his Majesty had not -a better subject than poor Copper.” While she uttered this declaration, -both her eyes, which were seriously directed to her nose, were moistened -with the tears of affectionate memory, which induced me to turn to my -new acquaintance the waterman, and ask where he was buried? “In the -Waterman’s churchyard, Sir, under the pump-pavement on the south side of -St. Martin’s church.[422] Lord bless you! don’t you know the Waterman’s -burying-ground? I could take you to the spot where fifty of us have been -buried.” “What was his age?” “Sixty-six when he died.” - -After parting with the widow, I requested the master of the ceremonies -to allow his man to ferry me over to the King’s Head Stairs, Lambeth -Marsh. “He shall,” said Charles Price; “and I’ll go with you, too.” The -waggish, though youthful countenance of the lad employed to bring in our -boat, revived the pleasure Mathews had afforded me in his description of -Joe Hatch,[423] and induced me to inquire after the waterman whose look, -voice, and manner he had borrowed for that inimitable representation. -“George Heath, you mean, Sir,” answered the boy; “Of Strand Lane,” -observed Price; “Heath is his real name. Lord bless ye, he’s a -good-hearted fellow! Why, I have often known him put his hand in his -pocket and relieve a fellow-creature in distress.” - -This mention of Hatch induced me to question Price as to the Halfpenny -Hatch,[424] where Astley had first rode,[425] before he took the ground -at the foot of Westminster Bridge, on which the present Amphitheatre -stands. Before Price could answer, as we had made the shore, “You -will find the Halfpenny Hatch (for it still remains, though in a very -ramshackled state) at the back of St. John’s Church, Waterloo Road, at -the end of Neptune Place,” I was told upon my landing by a little chubby, -shining, red-faced woman, in what was formerly called a _mob-cap_. -Thither I went, and to my great surprise found the Halfpenny Hatch in -a dell, by reason of the earth being raised for the pavement of the -adjacent streets.[426] Field was the name of the person who occupied -the house; and, only a few years ago, money was received for the -accommodation of the public who chose to go through the hatch. It was -built subsequent to the year 1771, by Curtis, the famous botanist,[427] -whose name it still retains; but the original Hatch-house, Mrs. Field -informed me, was still standing at the back of the present one. - -The ground belonging to the Halfpenny Hatch was freehold, of about seven -acres, and sold by the Curtis family to Messrs. Basing, Atkins, and -Field, for the sum of £3500. They disposed of it in about six months -afterwards to Mr. Roupell, the present owner, for the sum of £8000.[428] -Being determined to take a sketch of the remains of this vine-mantled -Halfpenny Hatch, I took water at Strand Lane Stairs[429] on the following -evening, where I found George Heath busily engaged in his boat. Upon -seeing a poor chimney-sweeper who descended the steps with me, he stood -up and cried out, “I tell you what, Sir Cloudesley Shovel, although you -are a miller, depend upon it, I’ll dust your jacket for the injury you -have done my vessel.” A ferryman observed, “His wife was gone to take -a walk up Highgate Hill.” “A strainer,” observed George Heath. During -the time occupied in sketching, William Field, who lives in the Hatch, -pointed out part of the gate which had received a bullet, supposed -to have been aimed by some scoundrel at the elder Mr. Curtis, who -providentially escaped, though the ball, which came from a considerable -distance, passed only a few inches above his head. - - -1829. - -On the 25th of July, 1829, being on my way to the great Sanctuary, my -pleasure was inconceivable upon observing that the intended repairs of -Whitehall Chapel had commenced. The scaffolding was erected before its -street-front, and the masons had begun their restorations at the south -corner, strictly according with the fast decaying original.[430] “Well,” -said I to my respected friend, Mr. Henry Smedley, whose house I had -entered just as the chimes of the venerable Abbey and St. Margaret’s -had agreed to complete their quarters for nine, “I am delighted to -find that Inigo’s beautiful front of Whitehall is in so fair a way of -recovery.”[431] - -Bonington’s drawings, held at a respectful distance from the -_butter-dish_, were the next topic of conversation.[432] “I agree with -you,” observed my friend, “they are invaluable; even his slightest -pencil-touches are treasures. I have shown you the studies from the -figures which surround Lord Norris’s monument in the Abbey; have they not -all the spirit of Vandyke?[433] Ay, that drawing of the old buildings -seems to be your favourite; what a snug effect, and how sweetly it is -coloured!--there never was a sale of modern art so well attended.” - -After taking boat at the Horse Ferry for Vauxhall,--for the reader must -be informed that Mr. Smedley and myself had an engagement to pass the day -with Mr. William Esdaile, on Clapham Common,[434]--I asked the waterman -some questions as to “Copper Holmes.” He could not speak correctly as -to the time of his death, but said that he had been much reduced by the -lawsuit he had with the City about his barge. “Yes, that I know,” said I; -“and it certainly was a nuisance on the banks of the Thames, and also an -encroachment upon the City’s rights and privileges.” - -On arriving at Mr. Esdaile’s gate, Mr. Smedley remarked that this was -one of the few commons near London which had not been enclosed.[435] The -house had one of those plain fronts which indicated little, but upon -ascending the steps I was struck with a similar sensation to those of -the previous season, when first I entered this hospitable mansion. If I -were to suffer myself to utter anything like an ungrateful remark, it -would be that the visitor, immediately he enters the hall, is presented -with too much at once, for he knows not which to admire first, the choice -display of pictures which decorate the hall, or the equally artful and -delightful manner in which the park-like grounds so luxuriantly burst -upon his sight. Mr. Esdaile entered the library during our admiration of -its taste of design and truly pleasing effect. - -The walls are painted with a subdued red, a colour considered by most -artists best calculated to relieve pictures, particularly those with -broad gold frames. The first picture which attracted our notice was the -upper one of two upon the easel nearest the window. The subject is a -Virgin and Child, attributed to Albert Dürer, though I must own the style -is so elegantly sweet, with so little of the German manner, that I should -have considered it the work of a high Italian master. The upper one of -the two pictures on the correspondent easel near the bookcase, is from -the exquisite pencil of Adrian Ostade; it was the property of Monsieur de -Calonne,[436] at whose auction Mr. Esdaile purchased it when he became a -collector of pictures. - -It would be highly presumptuous in me to attempt to describe the pictures -from so cursory a view. Suffice it to say, they are chiefly of the first -class; and I cannot charge the possessor with an indifferent specimen. -Wilson and Gainsborough were honoured with two of the best places in -this room, which commands a most beautiful view of the grounds. In -passing to the best staircase, our eyes were attracted by the works of -Rubens, Ruysdael, Salvator Rosa, etc. I was highly gratified with the -standing of the colours of one of the rich landscapes from the easel -of my old and worthy friend, George Arnald, A.R.A. This picture was -originally purchased by my revered patron, Richard Wyatt, of Milton -Place, Egham, at whose sale Mr. Esdaile bought it. Two sumptuously rich -and large dishes of Oriental china, with their stands, occupy the corners -of the staircase, which leads to several chambers; the walls of the -left-hand one of which are adorned with drawings, framed and glazed, by -Cipriani and Bartolozzi; but more particularly with several architectural -ruins by Clerisseau, in his finest manner. On the north side of this room -stands a magnificent japan glazed case, which contains specimens of the -Raphael ware and Oriental porcelain, with two richly adorned alcoves, -with figures of Gibbon the historian, and his niece, manufactured at -Dresden. - -In Mr. Esdaile’s bedroom are other specimens of curious porcelain, of -egg-shell plates, cups and covers of the dragon with five claws, and two -exquisite black and mother-o’-pearl flower-pots, from the collection -of the Duchess-Dowager of Portland. On the top of a curiously wrought -cabinet, in the drawing-room below stairs, stand three dark rich blue -vases of Sèvres, and two vases of deep blue, embossed with gold leaves, -from the Chelsea manufactory. These articles, with a curious figure of -Harlequin set in precious stones, the body of which is formed of an -immense pearl, were purchased by Mr. Esdaile at the sale of her late -gracious Majesty Queen Charlotte. The lower parts of the japan case in -the upper room are filled with drawings; so are two other cases which -stand on the western side of the room, made purposely for their reception. - -The first drawings of our repast this day (for it would take twenty to -see the whole) were those by the inimitable hand of Rembrandt, many of -which were remarkably fine, one particularly so, of a man seated on a -stile near some trees, which appear to have been miserably affected by -a recent storm. This drawing is slight, and similar in manner to the -artist’s etching, called by some collectors the “Mustard Print.” One of -the drawings with landscapes on both sides is remarkably curious, as -they are drawn with what is called “the Metallic Pen”; it is certainly -the first specimen of the kind I have seen. The Ostade drawings were -our next treat, two of which the artist etched; one is the long print -of a merry-making on the outside of an alehouse, penned and washed; the -other is of the backgammon-players, completely finished in water-colours. -At this time the servant announced nooning; after which Mr. Smedley -requested to see Hogarth’s prints, in order to report to Mr. Standly[437] -the rarities in Mr. Esdaile’s collection. In this, however, we were -disappointed, as it did not contain any which that gentleman did not -possess. - -On our return to Mr. Esdaile’s room, we were indulged with several of -Hogarth’s drawings. A volume containing numerous drawings by Wilson was -then placed on the table. “Bless me,” said I, “here is the portrait of -my great-uncle, Tom of Ten Thousand.”[438] This is the identical drawing -thus described by Edwards:--“It may, however, be asserted, that he drew -a head equal to any of the portrait-painters of his time. A specimen of -which may be seen by a drawing, now in the possession of J. Richards, -Esq., R.A.,[439] which is the portrait of Admiral Smith, and which was -drawn before Wilson went abroad. It is executed in black and white chalk, -as large as life, upon brown French paper, and is treated in a bold, -masterly manner; but this is not a work which can authorise the critic to -consider him as superior to the other portrait-painters of his day.”[440] - -This drawing was made by Wilson, before he commenced the picture which -I am now in possession of, so well engraved in mezzotinto by Faber. Of -these inestimable drawings, which are mostly in black chalk, stumped, -perhaps the most interesting are those for Celadon and Amelia, and the -Niobe. Valuable and truly epic as these specimens certainly are, I must -say, for my own part, I should give the preference to the book containing -those by Gainsborough, of rustic scenery. I had seen many of them before, -in the possession of the artist, Colonel Hamilton, Mr. Nassau, and -Mr. Lambert. Two that were possessed by the latter, are stamped with -Gainsborough’s initials in gold. - -Dr. Richardson,[441] Mr. Esdaile’s son-in-law, having arrived, and dinner -being announced, we gave up these fascinating sources of pleasure, for -that which would enable us to enjoy them another day. - -The Doctor, with his accustomed elegance of manners, delighted us during -our repast with some most interesting observations made during his -travels; after which, Flora invited us to the garden, where Mr. Esdaile -had, with his usual liberality, allowed her to display some of her most -rare as well as picturesque sweets. On our return from the enchanting -circuit of the grounds, our general conversation was on the pleasures we -had received; and, indeed, so delighted were we with the entertainment of -the day, that we talked of little else till our arrival at Westminster -Bridge. - -[Illustration: LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: DOOR-MATS - -ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH] - -Beautiful and truly valuable as Mr. Esdaile’s drawings unquestionably -are, it would not only be considered an impeachment upon my judgment, but -a conviction of the deepest injustice towards that wonderful collection -so classically formed by Sir Thomas Lawrence, were I not unequivocally to -state, that this latter is by far the most choice, as well as extensive, -of any I have yet seen or heard of, and perhaps it may be stated with -equal truth, ever formed. What catalogue can boast so formidably of -Michael Angelo, Raphael, Claude, Rubens, and Rembrandt?[442] Surely -none; for I have seen those of Sir Peter Lely, the Duke of Argyle, and -Hudson,[443] at the last of whose sales the immortal Sir Joshua employed -me as one of his bidders, his pupil Mr. Score[444] was another. It would -be assuming too much, to attempt a description of the individual and high -importance of the productions of all the four above-mentioned masters, -possessed by the liberal President. - -As prospective pleasures are seldom realised, a truth many of my readers -must acknowledge, and being determined never to colour a picture at once, -but to await the natural course of events,[445] I on the 3rd of August -started with my wife for Hampton Court, not only to see the present state -of that palace, but to notice the sort of porcelain remaining there, -without fixing upon any further plan for the completion of the day’s -amusement. - -King William III., who took every opportunity of rendering these -apartments as pleasing to him as those he had left in the house in the -Wood, introduced nothing by way of porcelain, beyond that of delf, and on -that ware, in many instances, his Majesty had W. R., surmounted by the -crown of England, painted on the fronts. Of the various specimens of this -clumsy blue and white delf, displayed in the numerous rooms of this once -magnificent palace, the pride of Wolsey and splendour of Henry VIII., the -eight large pots for the reception of King William III.’s orange-trees, -now standing in her Majesty’s gallery, certainly have claims to future -protection. As for the old and ragged bed-furniture, it is so disgraceful -to a palace, that, antiquary as I in some degree consider myself, I -most heartily wish it in Petticoat Lane. In passing through the rooms, -I missed the fine whole-length picture of Admiral Nottingham,[446] and -also the thirty-four portraits of the Admirals. The guide informed me -that they were presented by our present King, William IV., to the Painted -Hall at Greenwich. “A noble gift,” said I, “but where can they put them -up?” In order to take some refreshment, we entered the parlour of the -“Canteen,” that being the sign of the suttling-house of the Palace. -During our stay, Legat’s[447] fine engraving from Northcote’s forcibly -effective picture of the “Death of the Princes in the Tower,” which -honoured the room, caught the attention of one of two other visitors to -the Palace. “Bless me,” said he, “are those brutes going to smother those -sweet babes? Why, they are as beautiful as the Lichfield children.”[448] -The observation was not made to me, and as the subject has been too often -mentioned, I shall forbear saying more about it. - -As my wife and I were strolling on, in order to secure places for -our return to London in the evening, I ventured to pull the bell at -Garrick’s Villa, and asked for permission to see the temple in which -Roubiliac’s figure of Shakspeare had originally been placed.[449] -Mr. Carr, the present proprietor of the estate, received us with the -greatest politeness. Upon expressing a hope that my love for the fine -arts would plead my apology for the intrusion, he assured me it would -afford him no small pleasure to walk with us to the lawn. “Do sit down, -for a tremendous storm appears to be coming on; we must wait a little.” -His lady, of most elegant manners, at this moment entered the room and -cordially joined in her husband’s wishes to gratify our curiosity, -observing that, if we pleased, she would show us the house. This offer -was made in so delightful a manner, that we were truly sensible of the -indulgence. - -Upon returning to a small room which we had passed through from the hall, -“Ah! ah!” said I, “you are curious in porcelain, I see,--the crackle. -What fine Dresden! I declare here is a figure of Kitty Clive, as the -_Fine Lady_ in Lethe, from the Chelsea manufactory.”[450] There is an -engraving of this by Moseley, with the landscape background etched by -Gainsborough. This figure of Mrs. Clive, which was something less than -a foot in height, was perfectly white, and one of a set of celebrated -characters, viz., John Wilkes; David Garrick, in _Richard the Third_; -Quin, in _Falstaff_; Woodward, in the _Fine Gentleman_; the Duke of -Cumberland, etc. Most of these were characteristically coloured, and are -now and then to be met with.[451] - -“How you enjoy these things!” observed Mrs. Carr. “This is the -drawing-room; the decorated paper is just as it was in Mr. Garrick’s -time; indeed, we have had nothing altered in the house. I never enter -this room without regretting the enormous expense we were obliged to -incur, in taking down a great portion of the roof, owing to a very -great neglect in the repairs of the house during Mrs. Garrick’s time. -Fortunately it was discovered just as we took possession of the premises, -or the consequences might have been fatal.” “Your grounds are beautiful,” -observed my wife. “Yes,” said Mrs. Carr, “and several of the trees -were planted by Mrs. Garrick; that mulberry-tree was a sucker from -Shakspeare’s tree at Stratford; that tulip-tree was one of her planting, -and so was the cedar. Now you shall see our best bed-room.” The end of -this room which contains the bed is divided from the larger portion by a -curtain suspended across the ceiling, which gives it the appearance of -a distinct drawing-room, for the comfort of a visitor, if indisposed. -“We will now go to Mr. and Mrs. Garrick’s bed-room.” Notwithstanding the -lowness of the ceiling, the room still carries an air of great comfort. -Here we were again gratified with a display of some choice specimens of -Oriental porcelain. - -We then descended to the dining-room, in which were portraits of the -Tracy family. On one side of the chimneypiece hangs a half-length picture -of Mrs. Garrick, holding a mask in her right hand. This was painted by -Zoffany,[452] before her marriage, who was one of her admirers; over the -sideboard hangs a portrait of Tom Davies, the author of the _Life of -Garrick_, who had been his steadfast friend.[453] We then returned to the -bow-room, in which we were first received; from thence we entered the -library, and were then shown Mr. Garrick’s dressing-table. On our return -to the bow-room, I asked Mr. Carr in what part of the house Hogarth’s -Election pictures had hung. “In this,” said he; “one on either side of -the fireplace.”[454] - -The rain still continuing, our amiable shelterers insisted on our -staying dinner, as it was impossible to see the Temple in such a -storm. We accepted this hospitable invitation; and in the course of -conversation Mrs. Carr assured us that we were not only seated upon the -sofa frequently occupied by Dr. Johnson, but also the identical cover. -“Now, Mrs. Smith, I will show you my Garrick jewels, which Mr. Carr, in -consequence of a disappointment I received, by their not being left to me -by will, according to Mrs. Garrick’s repeated promises, most liberally -purchased for me at the price fixed upon them by Messrs. Rundell and -Bridge; for I must inform you that the intimacy of my family with -Mrs. Garrick was of thirty years’ standing, and that lady and I were -inseparable.” The first treasure produced was a miniature of Mr. Garrick, -set in brilliants; the second, a rich bracelet of pearls, containing the -hair of Mr. and Mrs. Garrick. Mrs. Carr politely presented my wife and -myself with impressions of a profile of Mr. Garrick, contemplating the -features of Shakspeare. - -After dinner was announced, and in the course of taking our wine, I -thanked our worthy hosts for their hospitality. “This house,” said Mr. -Carr, “was ever famous for it. Dr. Johnson has frequently knocked up Mr. -and Mrs. Garrick at a very late hour, and would never go to bed without -a supper.”[455] I asked his opinion as to the truth of the anecdote -related by Lee Lewis concerning Mrs. Garrick’s marriage. “There certainly -is,” he replied, “a mystery as to who her father was.” Mrs. Carr observed -that, after Mrs. Garrick had read Lewis’s assertions, she, with her usual -vivacity, exclaimed, “He is a great liar; Lord Burlington was not my -father, but I am of noble birth.” - -“Is it true,” I asked, “that Lord Burlington gave Mr. Garrick £10,000 to -marry her?” - -“No, nor did Mrs. Garrick ever receive a sum of money from Lord -Burlington: she had only the interest of £6000, and that she was paid by -the late Duke of Devonshire.”[456] - -The rain now subsided; and as we passed through the passage cut under -the road, Mrs. Carr stopped where Mrs. Garrick had frequently stood, -while she related the following anecdote. ‘_Capability Brown_,’[457] -was consulted as to the communication of these grounds with those by -the water. Mr. Garrick had an idea of having a bridge to pass over the -road, similar to the one at Pain’s Hill;[458] but this was objected to -by _Capability Brown_, who proposed to have a tunnel cut. Mr. Garrick at -first did not like that idea; but Dr. Johnson observed, “David! David! -what can’t be over-done may be under-done.”[459] - -As we entered the Temple, instead of seeing a vacant recess, we were -agreeably surprised to find that the present owner had occupied it by a -cast of Roubiliac’s statue of Shakspeare, most carefully taken by Mr. -Garrard,[460] similar to the one with which he furnished the late Mr. -Whitbread for the hall of Drury Lane Theatre. On our return to the villa, -we were shown a small statue of Mr. Garrick, in the character of Roscius; -but by whom it was modelled I was not able to learn. The following -inscription was placed under the plinth:--“This figure of Garrick was -given to Mr. Garrard, A.R.A., by his widow, and is now respectfully -presented to Mrs. Carr, to be placed in Garrick’s Villa, July 14, 1825.” - -In the bow-room, in which we again were seated, is a portrait of Mr. -Hanbury Williams, and also two drawings of Mr. and Mrs. Garrick, by -Dance, of which there are lithographic engravings by Mrs. Solly, the -daughter of the Rev. Mr. Racket, with impressions of which that lady -honoured me for my wife’s illustrated copy of the _Life of Dr. Johnson_. -Mrs. Solly also favoured me with a sight of a pair of elegant garnet -bracelets, which had been left to her by Mrs. Garrick. The bell, -Nollekens’s old friend, announced the arrival of the stage, and we took -our departure. - -On the following morning, taking advantage of the Museum vacation allowed -to officers of that establishment, and feeling an inquisitive inclination -to know in what way the portraits of the admirals had been disposed of -in Greenwich Hospital, I went thither, where I found a display of great -taste in the distribution of the pictures which adorn the Painted Hall of -that national and glorious institution. Many of my readers will recollect -that in second editions of works errors are usually corrected. Such, I -understand, has been the case in the hanging of the pictures in this -splendid gallery; for, in the first instance, numerous small and also -indifferent subjects were hung at the top of the room, and the spectator -was told that this arrangement was merely to produce uniformity, until -a period arrived when larger and better productions could occupy their -places. The liberality of King William IV., who gave no fewer than -fifty-five pictures, in addition to the very valuable presents made by -the Governors of the British Institution, enabled Mr. Seguier, keeper of -the royal collection, to display his best taste in the re-arrangement. - -All the small pictures have been taken away, and a most judicious display -of whole-length portraits, the size of life, occupy their spaces. Modern -artists must not only be pleased with the truly liberal manner in which -their works are here exhibited, but will rejoice in having an opportunity -of retouching and improving their pictures, from the manner in which the -light falls upon them--an advantage always embraced in large edifices -by the old masters, but perhaps more particularly by Rubens, who, it is -well known, worked upon his performances after they had been elevated to -their respective destinations. I must own, without a wish to cast the -least reflection upon the works of other modern artists displayed in -this gallery, that the noble picture of the Battle of Trafalgar, painted -by Arnald, the Associate of the Royal Academy, at the expense of the -Governors of the British Institution, at present arrests most powerfully -the attention. - -As I was admiring the dignity of the Hampton Court admirals, who -never appeared to such advantage, a well-known voice whispered over -my shoulder, “You are not aware, perhaps, that Vandevelde painted the -sea-distances in those pictures?” “No,” answered I; “that is a very -interesting fact;” adding that “I could not believe Kneller to have -been the painter of all the heads.” Mr. Seguier rejoined, “Dahl, in my -opinion, painted some of them.”[461] In the course of conversation -he gave me no small pleasure by observing that he had read my work of -_Nollekens and his Times_.--“I can answer as to the truth of nine-tenths -of what you have asserted,” said he, “having known the parties well.” - -Upon leaving this interesting gallery, a pleasing thought struck me, that -if a volume of naval history, commencing with the early ballads in the -Pepysian Library, and ending with the delightful compositions of Dibdin, -were printed, and given to every collier’s apprentice as a reward for his -good behaviour, it might create in him that spirit of emulation which, -when drafted from his vessel, would induce him to defend the long-famed -wooden walls of Old England most undauntedly. Humble as the versification -of these our old ballads may justly be considered, yet I have frequently -seen the tear of gratitude follow the melody of Incledon while singing -the song of “Admiral Benbow.”[462] - -[Illustration: CHARLES DIBDIN - -“He found a voice for the British sailor.” - -_Tom Taylor_] - -“What, upon the old trot, Master?” observed a funny-mover,[463] as I -descended the rotten old stairs of Hungerford Market. “Will you make -one with us? I know you don’t mind where you steer.” We had hardly made -Chelsea Reach, when one of our crew noticed a foundered freshman, who -had most ingeniously piloted himself into a cluster of osiers, in order -to adjust his cravat, as a lady in our boat was to meet him that evening -in Vauxhall Gardens. Our steersman, who was fond of a bit of fun, thus -assailed him, “I say, Maty, why you’re water-logged there; you put me -in mind of the Methodist parson who ran adrift last Saturday nearly -in the same place: he made a pretty good thing of it.” “Ay,” observed -a dry old fresh-water passenger in our boat, “I saw the fellow; and -when the Battersea gardeners[464] quizzed him, he attempted to stand -up like a poplar; but the wind operating upon his head, it hung like a -bulrush. However, when he was seated, instead of advising them to make -ready for simpling-time, or bespattering them with low language, he -exercised his pulpit volubility in favour of vegetables, declaring that -for years he had lived upon them, and insisted that every young person -of every climate should eat nothing else, strengthening this opinion -with the following quotation from Jeremy Taylor, who declared that ‘a -dish of lettuce and a clear fountain would cool all his heats.’ After -this he most strenuously advised them to ask more money for their pecked -fruit than they had been accustomed to receive, observing, that they -should keep Shakspeare’s caution in mind, ‘Beware all fruit but what -the birds have pecked.’[465] At the close of his address, a descendant -of old Mother Bagley, called ‘The King of Spades,’ proposed to his men -not only to join him in all their coppers, but to fresh-water the poor -fellow’s boat, for which he thanked them, and declared that he was almost -ready to float in his own perspiration; but that he, like Sterne’s[466] -‘Starling,’ could not get out. The Mortlake boys soon gave him three -cheers, and away he scuttled like an eel towards Limehouse Hole, sticking -as close to his boat as a toad to the head of a carp.” - -At this the lady simpered. “Bless your heart, fair one,” observed the -narrator, addressing the lady who was destined for Vauxhall Gardens, “you -never saw such a skeleton as this vegetable-eater. As for his complexion, -it was for all the world like--what shall I say?” - -“Perhaps a Queen Anne’s guinea,” observed our waterman, “that they used -to let into the bottom of punch-ladles”--many of which were frequently to -be seen in the pawnbrokers’ windows in Wapping. - -“As for his voice during his preaching,” rejoined our entertaining -companion, “no lamb’s could be more innocent.” - -As we were tacking about, the wind standing fair to drop the lady at -Vauxhall-stairs, our old weathergage, the waterman, who reminded me -of Copper Holmes, thus addressed a lopped Chelsea Pensioner:--“I say, -old Granby,[467] people say that he who loves fighting is much more -the sexton’s friend than his own.” “Ay, Master Smelter,” answered the -corporal, “we are all alive here, and, like the Greenwich boys, willing -to fight again; Old England for ever!” - -I then requested the waterman to put me on shore, in order to visit -Chelsea College, purposely to see what had been done with my friend -Ward’s allegorical picture of the Triumph of the Duke of Wellington. The -Right Hon. Noblemen and Gentlemen, Governors of the British Institution, -wishing to perpetuate the memory of the noble victory on the plains -of Waterloo, they, with their accustomed liberality to the fine arts, -commissioned James Ward, Esq., R.A., to paint an allegorical picture -worthy a place in the Hall of that glorious establishment, Chelsea -Hospital. Having heard that Mr. Ward’s picture had been hung up, I went -thither, but, to my utter astonishment, found it not only suspended -without a frame (just as a showman in a fair would put out his large -canvas to display “the true and lively portraiture” of a giant, the -Pig-faced Lady, or the Fire-eater), but with its lower part projecting -over a gallery, just like the lid of a kitchen salt-box; so that the -upper and greater half, being on an inclined plane, had copiously -received the dust, and doubtless, if it be allowed to accumulate, -the Duke’s scarlet coat will undergo a brick-dust change, and his -cream-coloured horses become the dirtiest of all the drabs. - -If this picture be considered worth preserving, why expose it so -shamefully to injury by suffering it to hang as it does? If, on the -contrary, why not at once consign it to the waters of oblivion, by -casting it into Chelsea Reach? Mr. Ward’s superior talents have been in -numerous instances acknowledged by some of the best judges. - -Descending Villiers Street on one of my peregrination mornings, a -tremendous storm obliged me to request shelter of Mrs. Scott, the wife -of the present keeper of York Terrace, and successor of Hugh Hewson, -a man who declared himself to be the genuine character famed by Dr. -Smollett in _The Adventures of Roderick Random_, under the appellation of -Hugh Strap.[468] Here I met with a young man whose father had attended -Hewson’s funeral, who informed me that Hugh had been frequently known -to amuse the ambulators of that walk by recapitulating the enterprising -events which had taken place during his travels with the Doctor. Hugh, -who had for years followed the trade of a hairdresser, was buried in St. -Martin’s-in-the-Fields, and his funeral was attended by three generations. - -On my way towards Hungerford Stairs, my organ of inquisitiveness was -arrested by two carvings in stone, of a wheatsheaf and sickles, let into -either side of the north-end houses in the alley leading to the “The -Swan.” A waterman informed me that the south portion of Hungerford Market -was originally allotted for the sale of corn, but I have since learned -that that device is the crest of the Hungerford family. “Pray now,” said -I to my oracle, “do enumerate the signs of Swans remaining on the banks -of the Thames, between London and Battersea Bridges.” “Why, let me see, -Master, there’s the Old Swan at London Bridge, that’s one;--there’s -the Swan in Arundel Street, two;--then ours here, three;--the Swan at -Lambeth, that’s down, though;--well then, the Old Swan at Chelsea, but -that has long been turned into a brewhouse, though that was where our -people rowed to formerly, as mentioned in Doggett’s Will; now they row -to the sign of the New Swan beyond the Physic Garden; we’ll say that’s -four;--then there’s the two Swan signs at Battersea, six.”[469] - -Next evening, away I trudged to take water with George Heath (Mathews’s -Joe Hatch) at Strand Lane. “I find the Swan to be your usual sign up the -river,” said I. - -“Why, yes,” replied George; “I don’t know what a coach, or a waggon and -horses, or the high-mettled racer have to do with our river. Bells now, -bells, we might have bells, because the Thames is so famous for bells.” -Bless me, thought I, how delighted would my old friend Nollekens have -been, had he heard this remark! - -[Illustration: A PLEASURE PARTY ON THE THAMES] - -“You like bells, then, Master Heath?” - -“Oh yes! I was a famous ringer in my youth, at St. Mary Overies. They are -beautiful bells; but of all the bells give me Fulham; oh, they are so -soft, so sweet![470] St. Margaret’s are fine bells; so are St. Martin’s; -but after all, Fulham for my money, I say. I forget where you said I was -to take you to, Master?” - -“Row me to Hungerford,” said I. - -Here I alighted, and then went round to Wood’s coal-wharf, at the foot -of Northumberland Street,[471] where the said Mr. Wood dwells in the -very house in which Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey resided, who was strangled -in Somerset House.[472] Sir Edmund Berry was a woodmonger, and became -the court justice. In this appointment he was so active, that during the -time of the Great Plague, 1665, which continued to rage in 1666, upon the -refusal of his men to enter a pest-house, to bring out a culprit who had -furnished a thousand shops with at least a thousand winding-sheets stolen -from the dead, he ventured in alone, and brought the wretch to justice. -In Evelyn’s interesting work on medals, the reader will find that four -were struck, commemorative of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey’s death; and in -addition to the elaborately engraved portraits noticed by Granger, he -will also find an original picture of him in the waiting-room adjoining -the vestry of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, where he was interred, and his -funeral sermon preached by Dr. Lloyd.[473] - -In a little work published in 1658, entitled _The Two Grand Ingrossers of -Coals, viz. the Woodmonger and the Chandler_,[474] the reader will find -the subtle practices of the coal-vendors shortly after that article was -in pretty general use. - -It is curious to observe how fond Horace Walpole, and indeed all his -followers, have been of attributing the earliest encouragement of the -fine arts in England to King Charles I. That is not the fact; nor is -that Monarch entitled, munificent as he was, to that degree of praise -which biographers have thought proper to attribute to him as a liberal -patron; and this I shall immediately prove. King Henry VIII. was the -first English Sovereign who encouraged painting, in consequence of -Erasmus introducing Hans Holbein to Sir Thomas More, who showed his -Majesty specimens of that artist’s rare productions. Upon this the king -most liberally invited him to Whitehall, where he gave him extensive -employment, not only in decorating the panels and walls of that palace -with portraits of the Tudors, as large as life, but with easel pictures -of the various branches of his family and courtiers, to be placed over -doors and other spaces of the state chambers. - -Holbein may be recorded as the earliest painter of portraits in -miniature, which were mostly circular, and all those which I have -seen were relieved by blue backgrounds. He was also the designer and -draughtsman of numerous subjects for the use of the court jewellers, as -may be seen in a most curious volume preserved in the print-room of the -British Museum, many of which are beautifully coloured. Holbein must -have been a most indefatigable artist, for he was not only employed -to paint that fine picture of King Henry granting the charter to the -Barber-Surgeons,[475] now to be seen in Barbers’ Hall, Monkwell -Street,[476] that in Bridewell of King Edward VI. granting the charter to -the citizens of London,[477] but numerous portraits for the Howards, and -other noble families; indeed, the quantity of engravings from the burin -of Hollar and other artists, from Holbein’s works, prove that painter to -have been just as extensively employed as Vandyke. - -[Illustration: SIR EDMUND BERRY GODFREY - -“He was esteemed the best Justice of Peace in England.” - -_Burnet_] - -King Charles I., it is stated, became possessed of numerous portraits -drawn by Holbein, of several personages of the crown and court of King -Henry VIII., from characters high in office, to _Mother Jack_,[478], -considered to have been the nickname of Mrs. Jackson, the nurse of Prince -Edward. These interesting drawings, it is said, the King parted with for -a picture; but how they again became the property of the Crown, I am -uninformed. However, true it is that they were discovered in Kensington -Palace, and taken from their frames and bound in two volumes. During Mr. -Dalton’s[479] librarianship he etched many of them in his coarse and -hurried manner. Since then Mr. Chamberlaine,[480] his successor, employed -Mr. Metz[481] to engrave one or two as specimens of an intended work, -but Mr. Bartolozzi’s manner being considered more likely to sell, that -artist was engaged to produce the present plates, which certainly are -far from being facsimiles of Holbein’s drawings, which I have seen. Many -of this master’s invaluable pictures are engraved and published in the -work entitled _Portraits of Illustrious Personages of Great Britain_; -accompanied by the biographical lucubrations of Edmund Lodge, Esq.[482] - -The liberality of the brothers Paul and Thomas Sandby, Royal -Academicians, will be remembered by every person who had the pleasure of -being acquainted with them; but more particularly by those who benefited -by their disinterested communications and cheering encouragement in -their art. For my own part, I shall ever consider myself indebted to -them for a knowledge of lineal perspective. By their indefatigable -industry, the architecture of many of the ancient seats of our nobility -and gentry will be perpetuated; and I may say, but for the very accurate -and elaborate drawings taken by Paul from Old Somerset House gardens, -exhibiting views up and down the river, much of the Thames scenery must -have been lost.[483] The view up the river exhibits the landing-stairs -of Cuper’s Gardens, and that part of the old palace of Whitehall then -inhabited by the Duchess of Portland, upon the site of which the houses -of that patron of the arts, Lord Farnborough,[484] and other noblemen and -gentlemen, have recently been erected. The one down the river displays -an uninterrupted view of the buildings on either side to London Bridge, -upon which the houses are seen, by reason of Blackfriars Bridge not then -being erected. These drawings are in water-colours, and are preserved -in the thirteenth volume of Pennant’s interesting account of London, -magnificently illustrated, and bequeathed to the print-room of the -British Museum by the late John Charles Crowle, Esq.[485] - -Should my reader’s boat ever stop at York Watergate,[486] let me request -him to look up at the three upper balconied windows of that mass of -building on the south-west corner of Buckingham Street. Those, and the -two adjoining Westminster, give light to chambers occupied by that -truly epic historical painter, and most excellent man, Etty, the Royal -Academician, who has fitted up the balconied room with engravings after -pictures of the three great masters, Raphael, Nicholas Poussin, and -Rubens. - -The other two windows illumine his painting-room, in which his mind and -colours resplendently shine, even in the face of one of the grandest -scenes in Nature, our river Thames and city edifices, with a most -luxuriant and extensive face of a distant country, the beauties of which -he most liberally delights in showing to his friends from the leads of -his apartments, which, in my opinion, exhibit the finest point of view of -all others for a panorama. The rooms immediately below Mr. Etty’s[487] -are occupied by Mr. Lloyd, a gentleman whose general knowledge in the -graphic art, I and many more look up to with the profoundest respect. The -chambers beneath Mr. Lloyd’s are inhabited by Mr. Stanfield,[488] the -landscape-painter, whose clear representations of Nature’s tones have -raised the scenic decorations of Drury Lane Theatre to that pinnacle -of excellence never until his time attained, notwithstanding the -productions of Lambert, Richards, nay, even Loutherbourg. Mr. Stanfield’s -easel pictures adorn the cabinets of some of our first collectors, and -are, like those of Callcott, Constable, Turner, Collins, and Arnald, -much admired by the now numerous publishers of little works, who -unquestionably produce specimens of the powers of England’s engravers, -which immeasurably out-distance the efforts of all other countries. - -However, although I am willing to pass the highest encomiums on the -landscape-engraver for his Liliputian labours, I am much afraid, in the -course of time, we shall have productions smaller still; and that the -diminutive size of a watch-paper, measuring precisely in diameter _one -inch, two-eighths, and one-sixteenth_, will be the noblest extent of -their labours. To men of their talent (and there are several among these -pigmy burinists), I will venture, now I am upon the silver streams of -noble Father Thames, to lead their attention to Woollett’s Fishery, but -more particularly to West’s La Hogue, and then let them ask themselves -this question: Would it not redound more to our glory to be master of -equal excellence in the grand style in which those works are produced, -than to contribute too long to the illustrations of scrapbooks only? -Yes, gentlemen, I think you would say so. Let me endeavour, then, to -arrest your gravers from this blinding of the public, by reducing -your works to so deplorable a nicety, that by-and-by you will find -yourselves totally blind. Why not, as talent is not wanting, prove to -the collectors that England has more Woolletts than one? It is true -there are several at present engaged in engraving plates from the fine -old pictures in the National Gallery, who have my cordial good wishes -for their success; yet I trust that, after that task is at an end, -they will, with a considerable augmentation to their numbers, pay a -becoming respect so justly due to modern painters of their own country, -whose works in historical subjects, as well as portraits and landscape, -extinguish unquestionably those of foreign powers; and I may say, with -equal truth, equal most of those of the old schools. Such a publication, -however successful their present one may be, I can answer for it would -be patronised by the noblemen and gentlemen of England with redoubled -liberality, and in such tasks the engravers will have the opportunity -of producing finer things by the more powerful, and indeed inestimable -advantage of having their progressive proofs touched upon by the painters -themselves. - -“Pull away, my hearty” (for I was again in a boat).--“To Westminster, -Master?”--“Ay, to Westminster.” - -Being now in view of the extensive yards which for ages have been -occupied by stone and marble merchants, “Ay,” said I, “if these wharfs -could speak, they, no doubt, like the Fly, would boast of their noble -works. Was it not from our blocks that Roubiliac carved his figures of -Newton, the pride of Cambridge, and that of Eloquence, in Westminster -Abbey; Bacon’s figure of Mars, now in Lord Yarborough’s possession; -Rossi’s Celadon and Amelia, and Flaxman’s mighty figure of Satan, in -the Earl of Egremont’s gallery at Petworth; as well as three-fourths of -Nollekens’s numerous busts, which, according to whisperings, have only -been equalled by Chantrey? And then, has not our Carrara been conveyed to -the studios of Westmacott and Baily?[489]” - -[Illustration: JOHN FLAXMAN R.A. - -“This little man cuts us all out in sculpture.” - -_Bankes_] - -After the truly interesting information the print-collectors have -received from the pen of Mr. Ottley,[490] a gentleman better qualified -than any I know to speak on works of art, more particularly those of -the ancient schools of Italy, it would be the highest audacity in me to -offer my own observations, however conversant my friends are pleased -to consider me on those subjects. All I shall therefore now add to Mr. -Ottley’s valuable stock of knowledge are the following circumstances, -which occurred respecting that beautiful impression in sulphur, taken -from a pax, engraved by Tomaso Finiguerra, before the said impression was -so liberally purchased by the Duke of Buckingham, who has most cheerfully -afforded it an asylum at Stowe. It has been for many years in the -Print-Room of the British Museum.[491] - -Mr. Stewart favoured me, at my earnest request, with the following -statement of the fortunate manner in which he secured this unique and -inestimable production as a treasure for England. - -“The sulphur cast, from the celebrated pax of ’Maso Finiguerra, came -into my hands in the following manner:--The Cavalier Seratti, in whose -valuable collection it originally existed, was captured in going from -Cagliari to Leghorn, and carried to Tunis, where he resided, I believe, -for one or two years; but, dying in captivity, the Dey of Tunis took -possession of the whole of his property. Such part of it as was not of -any intrinsic value was sold to a party of Jews, who brought it over to -Malta with a view of sending it to Great Britain for sale. This took -place about the commencement of 1804. The property coming from Barbary -was of course placed in the lazaretto. While there the plague broke out -in the island, and it was a full year before the property was liberated. -The Jews by this time had become apprehensive, owing to the numerous -obstacles they had encountered in the realisation of their projects; and -my friend the Abbate Bellanti, librarian to the Government Library, with -a view to retain the collection in his native island, induced a Maltese -merchant to make the Jews such an offer for the whole of the Seratti -collection as they at last accepted. The merchant, however, retracted; -and the abbot, after having made himself responsible for the bargain -towards the Jews, found himself in an unpleasant predicament. In this -dilemma he applied to me, and I readily engaged to fulfil the agreement -which the merchant had forfeited. The sulphur in question formed the -object of a separate bargain. I paid the value of £15 for it. I was very -unfortunate in the transmission of my collection to England, two ships -having been cast away in the Channel in November, 1815, both with a -considerable portion of my property on board. I was more successful with -the third portion, which arrived in 1816; in this was the sulphur cast. -I never would have parted with it but for the above accident, whereby at -that time I was much straitened in my circumstances. - -“The sulphur I sold to Mr. Colnaghi for £150, which I thought a low price -at the time for such an interesting and unique curiosity, indispensable -for illustrating and fixing the date of the invention of the art of -engraving (as it is now called). This sulphur, with the print preserved -at Paris, and the pax of Finiguerra himself, preserved at Florence, -together with the entry in the journal of the Goldsmiths’ Company, also -preserved at Florence, showing the date of the completion of the pax -to be 1452, form altogether an irrefragable chain of proof which must -satisfy the most sceptical. By a memorandum in Seratti’s own handwriting, -which is amongst my papers (but having been sent from Bombay to -Liverpool, I have not yet got), it appears that he purchased the sulphur -from a painter, who bought it with a heap of other trinkets at the stall -of a petty dealer in Florence: and on acquiring it Seratti compared -it with the pax itself, and ascertained it to be the genuine work of -Finiguerra. - -“I may add a few observations of my own, not altogether irrelevant to the -subject. - -“The silver vessel, or pax, generally enclosed some relic, and was -kissed by the congregation or other individuals in token of devotion; -and the Count Seratti mentions that the one of which this sulphur is in -part a facsimile, is very much worn by this repeated act of devoutness. -The word pax appears to be a corruption of pyxis, a box; and we have in -Shakspeare _a pyx of little value_. The engraving was usually filled up -with a metallic mixture of a dark composition, which, being fused by -the action of fire, became incorporated with the vessel itself. This -process was called Niello, or Anniello, Niellare, or Anniellare; hence -our _anneal_, the term probably derived from _nigellum_, or perhaps -even from Mêl, the Indian term for _black_, and applied to indigo, by -which name that dye was originally known in Europe, and it was probably -used in the composition before alluded to. The term _anniello_, and the -purpose to which these pyxes were applied, is further illustrative of a -passage in Shakspeare, which I believe has hitherto puzzled commentators. -It is this:--Hamlet accuses his uncle of having dispatched his father -‘unhousel’d, unanointed, _unanneal’d_;’ it alludes to the custom in -Catholic countries of offering relics preserved in their pyxes to be -kissed after extreme unction. - -“I shall be happy to communicate any further particulars respecting this -interesting vestige of art which may be required of me, in as far as I am -able. - - “J. STEWART. - -“_2nd May, 1829._” - - -1830. - -The glowing evening of the 16th of July added lustre to the enchanting -grounds of William Atkinson, Esq. of Grove End, Paddington;[492] and -perhaps, if I were to assert that few spots, if any, excel in the variety -of its tasteful walks and unexpected recesses, I should not outstep the -verge of truth. - -The villa was designed by Mr. Atkinson, with his usual attention -to domestic comfort; the grounds were peculiarly manured under his -direction, and the rarest trees and choicest plants he could procure from -all the known parts of the globe were planted by his own hand, and that -too in the course of the last twelve years. On the knolls the antiquary -will find sculpture from Carthage; and in the silent trickling dells the -mineralogist specimens of the varieties of English stone, imbedded in -the most picturesque strata. The delightful surprise of the spectator is -beyond belief, particularly on turning back to view his trodden path, -when that sun which fired the mind of Claude sparkles among the gently -waving branches from climes he may never visit. Upon my observing to -Mrs. Atkinson that in this meandering retreat my mind would be instantly -soothed, that lady then recalled to my recollection Allan Ramsay’s -_Gentle Shepherd_, by repeating the following lines: - - “How wholesome is’t to breathe the vernal air, - And all the sweets it bears, when void of care.”[493] - -Here the Waltonian, too, will find a seat, and view the canal-- - - “Kissing with eddies soft the bordering grass.” - -My thanks are here offered to my friend Mr. West,[494] late of Drury Lane -Theatre, now a professor of music, for the kind loan of an imperfect -copy (which he met with at a stall) of a work of rarity, of which I have -not been able to hear of another copy. It is not mentioned by Watt, and, -what is more remarkable, the Rev. Hartwell Horne,[495] of the British -Museum, never heard of it. It is a small quarto, bearing the following -title:-- - - “THE POST ANGEL, OR, UNIVERSAL ENTERTAINMENT. - - “London: printed, and to be sold by A. Baldwin, near the Oxford - Arms, in Warwick Lane, 1702, where is to be had the first and - second volume, or any single month, from January, 1701, to this - time; price of each, one shilling.”[496] - -Page 191 of the third volume affords the admirers of wax effigies the -following information:-- - - “TO THE EDITOR. - - “SIR,--You having promised to give an account of the - curiosities of art, as well as the wonders of nature, I thought - it would oblige the public to acquaint you that the effigies - of his late Majesty, King William III., of glorious memory, is - curiously done to the life in wax, dressed in coronation robe, - with so majestic a mien that nothing seems wanting but life - and motion, as persons of great honour upon the strictest view - have with surprise declared. Likewise the effigies of several - persons of quality, with a fine banquet, and other curiosities - in every room, passing to and from the King’s apartment, are - all to be seen at Mrs. Goldsmith’s, in Green Court, in the Old - Jury, London.” - -From the following flummery bespattered on this wax-worker by the editor -of the _Post Angel_, I may, with the greatest probability, conclude that -his substance was just as vulnerable as that of many of the hirelings who -feed themselves by puffing what they denominate “the fine arts,” and that -he had no objection to a dozen of port, _had it been ever so crusted_. - -“The Observator” states that “the ingenuity of man hath found out -several ways to imitate Nature, and represent natural bodies to the eye -by sculpture, picture, carving, waxwork, etc.; and though some of the -ancients were famed for this art, as Zeuxis and Apelles, yet our last -ages have outstripped them, and made considerable improvements, as may -be easily discernible to those who are skilled in antiquities, and have -observed the _rude_ and _coarse_ pieces of the ancients. Those that -question the truth of this, need but step to that famous artist, Mrs. -Goldsmith, in the Old Jewry, whose _workmanship_ is so absolute (_in -the effigies which she has made of his late Majesty_), as it admits of -no correction. She also made the late Queen, the Duke of Gloucester, to -the general satisfaction of a great number of the nobility and gentry. -I am not for the Hungarian’s wooden coat of mail, the work of fifteen -years; nor Myrmeride’s coach with four horses, so little that you might -hide them under a fly’s wing: these are but a laborious loss of time, an -ingenious profusion of one of the best talents we are entrusted with; but -_this effigy of his late Majesty_ has taken up but a small part of Mrs. -Goldsmith’s time, and yet it is made with so much art, that nothing seems -wanting but life and motion. I own,” continues this time-server, “’tis -little wonder to see a picture have motion; but Mrs. Goldsmith is such a -person (as all will own that see this effigy which she has made of King -William), that she has almost found the secret to make even dead bodies -alive.” - -[Illustration: THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH, R.A. - -“We are all going to heaven, and Van Dyck is of the company.” - -_His dying words_] - - -1832. - -“You are never idle,” observed my _old_, OLD, very OLD friend John -Taylor,[497] as he entered my parlour on the 3rd of November, in his -ninety-third year: “bless me, how like that is to your father! Well, -Howard is a very clever fellow! Pray now, do tell me, did your father -know Churchill? My friend Jonathan Tyers introduced me to him in -Vauxhall Gardens much about the time Hogarth represented him as a bear -with a pot of porter.[498] I think, to the best of my recollection, -the print was brought out in 1763. Mr. Tyers asked Mr. Churchill what -he thought of it. ‘Oh!’ said he, ‘it is a silly thing, Sir. I should -have thought Hogarth had known better.’” I then requested Mr. Taylor -to describe Mr. Churchill’s dress for Vauxhall Gardens. “Oh! not as a -clergyman, not in black, as he appeared in the pit of the theatre. Let me -see: his coat was blue, edged with a narrow gold lace; a buff waistcoat; -but I won’t be certain whether that was laced or not--I rather think it -was not. He had black silk small-clothes, white silk stockings, small -silver shoe-buckles, and a gold-laced three-cornered hat.” - -“Did you know Gainsborough, Sir?” “Oh! I remember him; he was an odd man -at times. I recollect my master Hayman coming home after he had been to -an exhibition, and saying what an extraordinary picture Gainsborough -had painted of the Blue Boy; it is as fine as Vandyke.”[499] “Who was -the Blue Boy, Sir?” “Why, he was an ironmonger, but why so called I -don’t know. He lived at the corner of Greek and King Streets, Soho; an -immensely rich man.” “Did you know Mrs. Abington?” “Oh yes; she was a -most delightful actress of women of fashion, though she made herself -very ridiculous by attempting the part of _Scrub_.[500] Mr. Hoole, when -he heard she was to play the character that evening, sent for a chair -and went to see her; but he said it was so truly ridiculous, that he was -quite disgusted. Ay, I see you have got Nollekens’s bust of Dr. Johnson. -I made two drawings of him when I was at Oxford: one was for Sir Robert -Chambers,[501] who married the pretty Miss Wilton, that went to India; -who had the other, I can’t immediately say. I remember the Doctor asked -me what countryman I was.--‘A Londoner, Sir, a Londoner.’ ‘And where -born?’ ‘In the parish of Ethelburga, in Bishopsgate Within.’ It is a very -small church; but my father and mother[502] were buried there, though I -suppose, by this time, there’s nothing of them left. My friend Jonathan -Tyers took milk and water for upwards of twenty years at his meals, -though he very well knew what a good glass of wine was, as well as any -man in England. Ay, and a fine haunch of venison, too. Many and many a -time I have dined with him in the gardens, when I was making the drawing -for Boydell, of Hayman’s picture of the Admirals. Mr. Tyers gave very -excellent dinners, I must say.” - -The truly skilful manner in which Mr. John Seguier has proceeded with the -pictures painted by Rubens, which adorn the ceiling of Whitehall Chapel, -will, I hope, prove a lasting record of his success in picture-cleaning. -When first I ascended the scaffold, my astonishment was beyond conception -at the enormous size of the objects. The children are more than nine -feet, and the full-grown figures from twenty to twenty-five in height. -The pictures were in a most filthy and husky state. However, it afforded -me infinite delight to hear Mr. Seguier declare, that he firmly believed -he should be able to remove Cipriani’s washy colouring completely; and -that he expected to find that of Rubens in its pristine state. Upon my -seeing these pictures on the floor, after they had been cleaned,[503] -I found his predictions verified, and can now, by the judicious -nourishment afforded to the canvas, announce their effect to be truly -glorious. Every precaution has been taken, under the able direction of -Sir Benjamin Clarke Stevenson, to render the roof impervious to the most -inveterate weather, so that posterity, in all probability, may long enjoy -the beauties of these masterpieces of art. - - “UPPER GOWER STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE, - _16th November 1832_. - - “MY DEAR SIR,--As I am desirous to make your valuable - collection of letters from bygone professional characters - complete, gratify me by accepting the accompanying original - communication from Mrs. Abington to Mrs. Jordan.[504] It will - call to your remembrance the period when that skilful and - excellent man, John Bannister, delighted the town by _his_ - performances; whose retirement from public life in June, 1815 - (after thirty-seven years of hard and honest service), opened - the doors of Old Drury to a young aspirant for histrionic - honours in the person of your humble servant. - - “I need not here enumerate _all_ the advantages derived from a - constant association with such an artist as John Bannister. An - uninterrupted friendly intercourse of many years manifested the - sincerity in which he penned the following note to me a short - time after my appearance at Drury Lane Theatre:-- - - “‘65 GOWER STREET, _Dec. 30, 1815_. - - “‘MY DEAR SIR,--I have been confined to my room more than - three weeks with the gout; but I am now recovering, though - slowly. Early next week, will you favour me with a visit - in Gower Street? It will please me to give you all the - information and gratification in my power, and to converse - with you personally about theatrical matters. - - “‘You are my successor, and I beg leave to say that I do - not know any person more calculated to tread in my shoes. I - sincerely hope you may never have occasion for the _gouty - ones_! I remain, my dear Sir, yours sincerely, - - “‘JOHN BANNISTER.’[505] - - “‘TO J. P. HARLEY, ESQ., Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.’ - - “And now, my dear Sir, with every sincere hope for your - continued health and happiness, believe that I am very truly - yours, - - “J. P. HARLEY.[506] - - “TO JOHN THOMAS SMITH, British Museum.” - - -1833. - -Mrs. Piozzi, in her anecdotes of Dr. Johnson, speaking of Porridge -Island, says it “is a mean street in London, filled with cook-shops, for -the convenience of the poorer inhabitants; the real name of it I know -not, but suspect that it is generally known by to have been originally a -term of derision.” - -Porridge Island consisted of a nest of old rat-deserted houses, lately -forming narrow alleys south of Chandos Street, and east of St. Martin’s -church, which were originally occupied by numerous cooks for the -accommodation of the workmen engaged in erecting the said church.[507] - - - - -FOOTNOTES - - -[1] Two other residences of Smith’s, less definitely associated -with his books or etchings, are recorded. The first is No. 8 Popham -Terrace, near the Barley Mow Tavern, in Frog Lane, Islington. His -sojourn here is mentioned, without dates, by Lewis in his _History -of Islington_ (1842). Frog Lane is now Popham Road, of which Popham -Terrace appears to have been part. In 1809, Smith was living at No. -4 The Polygon, Somers Town. - -[2] Thomas Lowe had taken Marylebone Gardens in 1763, at a rent -of £170. Fresh from his triumphs as a tenor at Vauxhall, he made -concerts the principal entertainment. In 1768 he compounded with -his creditors. - -[3] This theatre at Richmond was built two years before Smith’s -birth, and was opened in May 1765, by Mr. Love, who spoke a -prologue by Garrick. Love was the stage name of James Dance, who, -as a son of George Dance, R.A., the City Architect, adopted it that -he might not “disgrace his family,” a proceeding on which Genest -comments: “Shall we never have done with this miserable cant? -Foote, with much humour, makes Papillion say, in _The Lyar_: ‘As to -Player, whatever might happen to me, I was determined not to bring -a disgrace upon my family; and so I resolved to turn footman.’” -_The Devil to Pay_, by Charles Coffey, was adapted from a play by -Jevon called _The Devil of a Wife_, first produced at Drury Lane in -1731, when Love played “Jobson” and Mrs. Love “Nell.” - -[4] “A convivial glass-grinder, then residing at No. 6, in Earl -Street, Seven Dials, and who had, for upwards of fifty years, -worn a green velvet cap,” is Smith’s note on his uncle. In his -_Nollekens_ he says: “In the British Museum there is a brass medal -of Vittore Pisano, a painter of Verona, executed by himself … his -cap, which is an upright one with many folds, reminded me of that -sort usually worn, when I was a boy, by the old glass-grinders of -the Seven Dials.” - -[5] Dr. William Hunter (1718-83) was elder brother of the -celebrated Dr. John Hunter, to whom in 1768 he gave up his house -in Jermyn Street, taking possession of the one he had built for -himself in Windmill Street. In 1764 he had been appointed Physician -Extraordinary to the Queen. He became a foundation member of the -Royal Academy, as Professor of Anatomy. It is related that half an -hour before his death he exclaimed: “Had I a pen, and were I able -to write, I would describe how easy and pleasant a thing it is to -die.” - -[6] Now rebuilt as No. 38. - -[7] Strype’s edition of Stow, 1720, contains many such plates. John -Kip, the engraver, was born in Amsterdam. He died at Westminster in -1722. - -[8] In the miscellaneous pages of his _Nollekens_, Smith reports -Elizabeth Carter, of “Epictetus” fame, as saying to a Covent -Garden fruiterer, named Twigg (jocularly known as the “Twig of the -Garden”): “I recollect, Sir, when Mr. Garrick acted, hackney chairs -were then so numerous that they stood all round the Piazzas, down -Southampton Street, and extended more than half-way along Maiden -Lane, so much were they in requisition at that time.” - -[9] Voltaire first came to London in May 1726, after his -confinement in the Bastille, landing at Greenwich on a cloudless -night. His first impressions of London are quoted by Mr. Archibald -Ballantyne in his interesting _Voltaire’s Visit to England_. After -being the guest of Bolingbroke, Voltaire returned to Paris in a -state of indecision, but, again crossing the Channel, he settled -at Wandsworth, where he found a friend and host in Sir Everard -Falkener. He met Pope, and improved his English by attending the -theatres. Chetwood says: “I furnished him every evening with the -play of the night (at Drury Lane), which he took with him into the -orchestra (his accustomed seat): in four or five months he not only -conversed in elegant English, but wrote it with exact propriety.” -Voltaire became a well-known figure in London, and wrote his -_Henriade_ in his London lodging at the sign of the “White Peruke,” -Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, next door to the Bedford Head. - -[10] _Notes of Proceedings and Occurrences during the British -Embassy to Pekin_, 1816. Geo. Thos. Staunton, 1824. Printed for -Private Circulation. - -[11] Pliny the Younger, in writing to his friend, Baebius Macer, -on the habits and life of his uncle, C. Plinius Secundus (Pliny -the elder), says: “A shorthand writer constantly attended him, … -who, in the winter, wore a particular sort of warm gloves, that -the sharpness of the weather might not occasion any interruption -to my uncle’s studies; and for the same reason, when in Rome, he -was always carried in a chair. I recollect his once taking me to -task for walking. ‘You need not,’ he said, ‘lose these hours.’ For -he thought every hour gone that was not given to study” (_Letters -of Pliny the Younger_, bk. iii. letter 5, p. 82. Bohn’s Classical -Library). - -[12] The Catalogue of this exhibition is entitled: “A Catalogue -of the Paintings, Sculptures, Architecture, Models, Drawings, -Engravings, etc., now exhibiting under the Patronage of the Society -for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures, and Commerce, at their -Great Room in the Strand, London.” It credits Mr. Nathaniel Smith, -St. Martin’s Lane, with the following:-- - -210. A bust as large as life. - -211. A figure of Time, imitating a bronze. - -[13] Smith’s naval ancestor won his sobriquet, “Tom of Ten -Thousand,” very easily. He had compelled the French corvette -_Gironde_ to salute the British colours in Plymouth Sound, for -which, on complaint, he was dismissed the navy for exceeding his -instructions, but was shortly reinstated. The public believed -that he had fired into the _Gironde_ to compel its respect to our -flag, and on this exaggerated report gave him the name “Tom of Ten -Thousand.” Smith, who rose to high rank, but won no great personal -distinction, presided over the court-martial which condemned -Admiral Byng in 1757. - -It may be added that the name “Tom of Ten Thousand” has been borne -by several men, notably by Thomas Thynne of Longleat, who was so -called on account of his wealth. He was murdered in Pall Mall in -February 1682, by three assassins hired by Count Königsmark. The -murder is realistically portrayed on his tomb in the south aisle -of Westminster Abbey. Another “Tom of Ten Thousand” was Thomas -Hudson, a native of Leeds, who lost a large fortune in the South -Sea Scheme, and, becoming insane, wandered the streets of London -for years, leaning on a crutch. - -[14] These coincidences of residence seem to be overstated by -Smith. It must have been after, not before, his visit to Italy, -which he made in his 36th year, that Wilson took apartments in the -Piazza on the north side of Covent Garden. He lived above the rooms -of Cock, the auctioneer, who was followed by Langford, and later -still by George Robins. Sir Peter Lely had lived in the same house -from 1662 until his death in 1680, and here his collections were -sold in 1667. Smith seems to be wrong about Kneller. This painter’s -house had been on the east side of the Square, known as the Little -Piazza. Its garden, stretching back to Bow Street, was the scene of -the famous quarrel between Kneller and Dr. Ratcliffe. A tenant who -did precede Wilson was Hogarth, who, though he did not reside at -Cock’s, had exhibited here his “Mariage à la Mode” gratis, with a -view to its sale. - -Wilson had a model made of a portion of the Piazza, which he used -as a receptacle for his implements. The rustic work of the piers -was provided with drawers, and the openings of the arches held -pencils and oil bottles. An unbending devotion to his Italian -manner of painting (he so Italianised a view of Kew Gardens that -George the Third failed to recognise it) and a rough temper brought -this fine painter to humbler dwellings in Charlotte Street, Great -Queen Street, and Foley Place; finally, to a room in Tottenham -Street. His fortunes were mended at the last by his appointment -as Librarian to the Royal Academy, and his succession to a small -estate in Wales on the death of his brother. - -[15] See a plate in the _Lady’s Magazine_ of 1870, in which Miss -Catley wears such elbow ruffles in the character of Rosetta in -_Love in a Village_. - -[16] The death of Molly Mogg was thus announced in the _Gentleman’s -Magazine_: “Mrs. Mary Mogg, at Oakingham: she was the person on -whom Gay wrote the song of ‘Molly Mogg.’” This song was first -printed in _Mist’s Weekly Journal_ of August 27, 1726, with a note -stating that “it was writ by two or three men of wit (who have -diverted the public both in prose and verse), upon the occasion of -their lying at a certain inn at Ockingham, where the daughter of -the house was remarkably pretty, and whose name is Molly Mogg.” -These “men of wit” were supposed to have been Pope, Swift, and Gay, -and it was believed that they had together concocted the song, but -the weight of evidence is in favour of Gay’s sole authorship. There -is, however, enough doubt to warrant one in holding to the pleasant -tradition that the three poets, over their cups at the Rose Inn, -made the song which began (original version):-- - - “Says my Uncle, I pray you discover - What has been the cause of your woes, - That you pine and you whine like a lover? - I’ve seen Molly Mog of the Rose. - - Oh, Nephew! your grief is but folly, - In town you may find better prog; - Half a crown there will get you a Molly, - A Molly much better than Mog. - - … - - The school boys delight in a play-day, - The schoolmaster’s joy is to flog; - The milk-maid’s delight is in May day, - But mine is in sweet Molly Mog.” - -[17] Finch’s Grotto Garden stood on the site now occupied by the -headquarters of the Metropolitan Fire Brigade. It was opened--six -years before John Thomas Smith was born--on the strength of a -spring in the grounds which a Dr. Townshend was willing to declare -medicinal. Concerts and fireworks were given with fair success, and -here “Tommy” Lowe accepted engagements after his failure in the -management of Marylebone Gardens. The tavern was burnt down in May -1795, and was replaced by another called the “Goldsmith’s Arms,” -afterwards styled the “Old Grotto New Reviv’d.” This tavern bore -the inscription-- - - “Here Herbs did grow - And flowers sweet, - But now ’tis call’d - Saint George’s Street.” - -All that is known about Finch’s Grotto is told by Mr. Warwick -Wroth in his admirable _London Pleasure Gardens of the Eighteenth -Century_. - -[18] This famous aid to the teething of children was invented about -the year 1717, when there appeared a _Philosophical Essay upon the -Celebrated Anodyne Necklace_, dedicated to Dr. Paul Chamberlen -(who died in this year), and the Royal Society. This tract, quoted -by Mr. J. Eliot Hodgkin in _Notes and Queries_ of Feb. 16, 1884, -argues the advantages of the necklace as follows:-- - -“For since the difficult _Cutting of Children’s Teeth_ proceeds -from the hard and strict Closure of their _Gums_; If you get Them -but once separated and opened, the _Teeth_ will of themselves -Naturally come Forth; Now the Smooth Alcalious Atoms of the -_Necklace_, by their insinuating figure and shape, do so make -way for their Protrusion by gently _softening_ and _opening_ the -hard swelled _Gums_, that the TEETH will of themselves without -any difficulty or pain CUT and come out, as has been sufficiently -proved.” - -Mr. Hodgkin describes the necklace as “of beads artificially -prepared, small, like barley-corns,” costing five shillings. An -early depôt was Garraway’s at the Royal Exchange Gate. In Smith’s -day they were sold in Long Acre by Mr. Burchell at the sign of the -Anodyne Necklace, and the price was still “5s. single,” with “an -allowance by the dozen to sell again.” Burchell advertised: “After -the Wearing of which about their Neck but One night, Children have -immediately cut their TEETH with Safety, who but just before were -on the Brink of the Grave.” - -[19] According to Daulby’s numbering. - -[20] For some curious erudition on go-carts see Smith’s _Life of -Nollekens_, where he says (1829 ed. i. 221): “When I was a boy, -the go-cart was common in every toy-shop in London; but it was to -be found in the greatest abundance in the once far-famed turners’ -shop in Spinning-wheel Alley, Moorfields: a narrow passage leading -from those fields to the spot upon which the original Bethlehem -Hospital stood in Bishopsgate Street. In 1825-26, however, both -Spinning-wheel Alley and Old Bethlehem were considerably altered -and widened, and subsequently named Liverpool Street.” - -[21] Hone says: “The late King George IV. and his brothers and -sisters, all the royal family of George III., were rocked. The -rocker was a female officer of the household, with a salary” -(_Every Day Book_). Rocker cradles are to-day made in Ireland by -villagers, and sold from door to door. - -[22] Two artists, father and son, bore the name of Israel von -Meckenen. They flourished in the fifteenth and early sixteenth -centuries, and appear to have collaborated on some 250 prints. The -British Museum has a fine set of their engravings. - -[23] The stone inscribed “Here lies Nancy Dawson” no longer exists. -M. Dorsay Ansell, the obliging keeper of the burial-grounds (now -laid out as one recreation-ground) of St. George the Martyr and -St. George’s, Bloomsbury, is frequently applied to for information -as to its existence. Eighteen years ago, when these grounds were -formed, careful search was made for interesting stones, and the -gravestone of Zachary Macaulay, among others, was discovered by Mr. -Ansell. That of Nancy Dawson was never found, but it may be buried -out of sight. - -Nancy Dawson is stated to have died at Haverstock Hill, May 27, -1767. Her portrait in oils still hangs in the Garrick Club, and the -print-sellers are familiar with her figure in theatrical costume. -She is believed to have been born about 1730, to have been the -daughter of a Clare Market porter, and to have lived in poverty in -St. Giles’s or in a Drury Lane cellar. The rather ill-supported -narratives of her career speak, as does Smith, of her waiting on -the skittle-players at a Marylebone tavern, which Mr. George Clinch -thinks (_Marylebone and St. Pancras_) may have been the old “Rose -of Normandy” in High Street. - -Nancy Dawson’s fortune was made in 1759 in the Beggars’ Opera. The -man who danced the hornpipe among the thieves happened to have -fallen ill, and his place was taken by Nancy, who was then a rising -young actress. From that moment her success was secure. Her real -monument is the song beginning-- - - “Of all the girls in our town, - The black, the fair, the red, the brown, - That dance and prance it up and down, - There’s none like Nancy Dawson! - - Her easy mien, her shape so neat, - She foots, she trips, she looks so sweet, - Her ev’ry motion’s so complete, - I die for Nancy Dawson!” - -[24] Musgrave’s note continues: “Whom she deserted upon his -discovering that she had an intrigue with the exciseman of that -district.” - -[25] Rubens’s beautiful second wife, Helena Fourment, who was only -sixteen when he married her. She is the subject of not a few of his -pictures. - -[26] Nollekens, the sculptor, highly approved of puddings for -children, and would say, “Ay, now, what’s your name?” “Mrs. -Rapworth, sir.” “Well, Mrs. Rapworth, you have done right; I wore a -pudding when I was a little boy, and all my mother’s children wore -puddings.” - -[27] The parent of the Royal Academy, as an exhibiting body, was -the Foundling Hospital in Guilford Street. A number of painters, -including Hogarth, Reynolds, Richard Wilson, and Gainsborough, -agreed to present pictures to Captain Coram’s charity. These -were shown with such success, that the possibility of holding -remunerative exhibitions was perceived, and in 1760 a free -exhibition was opened in the rooms of the Society of Arts. In -following years exhibitions were held in Spring Gardens. In 1765 -the “Incorporated Society of Artists of Great Britain” obtained -its charter; but disputes arose, and three years later twenty or -more painters successfully petitioned George III. to establish the -“Royal Academy of Arts in London.” So many of the original members -of the Royal Academy are mentioned by Smith, that it will be useful -to insert their names. They were all nominated by George III.: - - Sir Joshua Reynolds. - Benjamin West. - Thomas Sandby. - Francis Cotes. - John Baker. - Mason Chamberlin. - John Gwynn. - Thomas Gainsborough. - J. Baptist Cipriani. - Jeremiah Meyer. - Francis Milner Newton. - Paul Sandby. - Francesco Bartolozzi. - Charles Catton. - Nathaniel Hone. - William Tyler. - Nathaniel Dance. - Richard Wilson. - G. Michael Moser. - Samuel Wale. - Peter Toms. - Angelica Kauffman. - Richard Yeo. - Mary Moser. - William Chambers. - Joseph Wilton. - George Barret. - Edward Penny. - Agostino Carlini. - Francis Hayman. - Dominic Serres. - John Richards. - Francesco Zuccarelli. - George Dance. - William Hoare. - Johan Zoffany. - -A year and a day after the foundation of the Royal Academy, it -was resolved: “There shall be a new order, or rank of members, to -be called Associates of the Royal Academy.” Of the first twenty -Associates, the following are mentioned in the _Rainy Day_: Richard -Cosway, John Bacon, James Wyatt, Joseph Nollekens, James Barry (all -of whom were afterwards R.A.’s); and Antonio Zucchi, Michael Angelo -Rooker, and Biagio Rebecca. - -The first Royal Academy exhibition was opened to the public in -Pall Mall “immediately east of where the United Service Club now -stands” (Wheatley) on the 26th of April, 1769. Two years later, -the King assigned rooms in Somerset House to the Academy, but his -offer was not utilised until the new Somerset House was ready, in -1780. Here the annual exhibitions were held for fifty-eight years. -The Academicians then migrated to the eastern half of the National -Gallery building in Trafalgar Square. In 1869 the removal to -Burlington House was made. The history of the rise and progress of -the Royal Academy, which Smith wished might have been undertaken by -its secretary, Henry Howard, R.A., has been written very fully by -William Sandby, and again recently by the late J. E. Hodgson, R.A., -and Mr. F. A. Eaton in collaboration. - -[28] In this riot in St. George’s Fields, five or six people were -killed by the Guards, and about fifteen wounded. - -[29] Henry Fuseli (1741-1825) had come to London in 1763. On -presenting himself before Sir Joshua Reynolds, the following -dialogue occurred: “How long have you studied in Italy?” “I -never studied in Italy--I studied in Zurich--I am a native of -Switzerland--do you think I should study in Italy? and, above -all, is it worth while?” “Young man, were I the author of these -drawings, and were I offered ten thousand a year _not_ to practise -as an artist, I would reject the proposal with contempt.” - -[30] Dr. John Armstrong, whose poem, “The Art of Preserving -Health,” was long famous, is now best remembered as the author of -a few stanzas in Thomson’s _Castle of Indolence_ describing the -morbid effects of indolence. Haydon writes of Fuseli: “He swore -roundly, a habit which he told me he contracted from Dr. Armstrong.” - -[31] Sir John Eardley-Wilmot, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, -decided several cases arising out of Wilkes’s libels: his reply to -Lord North’s extraordinary letter was the only one he could make. -In spite of Wilkes’s easy victory at the poll, the House of Commons -declared that Colonel Luttrell ought to have been elected, and his -name was substituted for Wilkes’s in the return, a proceeding which -inflamed the situation. - -[32] Henry William Bunbury stands apart from his -fellow-caricaturists as a wealthy amateur. He was the second son -of the Rev. Sir William Bunbury, Bart., of Great Barton, Suffolk, -and married Catherine Horneck, the “Little Comedy” of Goldsmith. -Bretherton was an engraver and printseller in Bond Street. He -engraved nearly all Bunbury’s drawings, and it was said that he -alone could do so with good effect. - -[33] For almost a century the exodus of the London citizens to the -outlying country was considered fair game for satire. Bunbury’s -caricature of 1772 only records the humours which Robert Lloyd -had touched in “The Cit’s Country Box,” printed in No. 135 of the -_Connoisseur_. - - “The trav’ler with amazement sees - A temple, Gothic or Chinese, - With many a bell and tawdry rag on, - And crested with a sprawling dragon. - A wooden arch is bent astride - A ditch of water four feet wide; - With angles, curves, and zigzag lines, - From Halfpenny’s exact designs. - In front a level lawn is seen, - Without a shrub upon the green; - Where taste would want its first great law, - But for the skulking sly Ha-Ha; - By whose miraculous assistance - You gain a prospect two fields distance. - And now from Hyde Park Corner come - The gods of Athens and of Rome: - Here squabby Cupids take their places, - With Venus and the clumsy graces; - Apollo there, with aim so clever, - Stretches his leaden bow for ever.” - -Even Cowper saw little but absurdity in the demand for villas and -“summer-houses.” - - “Suburban villas, highway-side retreats, - That dread th’ encroachment of our growing streets, - Tight boxes neatly sash’d, and in a blaze - With all a July sun’s collected rays, - Delight the citizen, who, gasping there, - Breathes clouds of dust, and calls it country air.” - -Horace Smith, Lord Byron, and Thomas Hood all touched more or less -satirically on this subject. - -[34] There is a confusion here. Walpole in his _Anecdotes -of Painting_ deals only with Jonathan Richardson the elder -(1665-1745), portrait painter and critic; Smith refers to his son -(1694-1771). The two were greatly attached to each other. There -was a story that they sketched each other’s faces every day. Old -Richardson, who wrote a treatise on _Paradise Lost_, was able to -study the classics only through his son, on whom he doted. Hogarth -made a caricature, which he suppressed, of the father using his son -as a telescope to read the writers of Greece and Rome. W. H. Pyne -says of Old Richardson in _Wine and Walnuts_: “He seldom rambled -city-ways, though sometimes he stepped in at the ‘Rainbow,’ where -he counted a few worthies, or looked in at Dick’s and gave them -a note or two. He would not put his foot on the threshold of the -‘Devil,’ however, for he thought the sign profane. Fielding would -run a furlong to escape him; he called him Doctor Fidget.” - -[35] The milkmaids’ chief haunt was Islington, whence hundreds -of them carried the milk into London every morning. In his print -“Evening,” the scene of which is laid outside the “Middleton -Head,” Hogarth has an Islington milkmaid milking a cow, and in -his “Enraged Musicians,” a milkmaid with her cry of _Milk Belouw_ -contributes to the town noises. The “garlands of massive plate” -which the milkmaids carried round on May Day were borrowed -of pawnbrokers on security. One pawnbroker, says Hone, was -particularly resorted to. He let his plate at so much per hour, -under bond from housekeepers for its safe return. In this way one -set of milkmaids would hire the garland from ten o’clock till one, -and another from one till six, and so on during the first three -days of May. These customs had all but passed away when Smith -wrote his _Rainy Day_, but long after the milkmaids had ceased -to celebrate the London May Day the chimney-sweepers brought out -their Jacks-in-the-green, specimens of which have been seen in -the streets in the last twenty years. In 1825, Hone speaks of the -dances round the “garland” as a “lately disused custom.” - -[36] The boxes and pavilions at Vauxhall were decorated with -paintings at the suggestion of Hogarth, who permitted his “Four -Times of the Day” to be copied by Francis Hayman. He also presented -Tyers with a picture from his own hand, “Henry VIII. and Anne -Boleyn,” receiving in acknowledgment a gold ticket inscribed -“In perpetuam Beneficii memoriam,” and giving admission to “a -coachfull” of people. The Vauxhall paintings chiefly represented -sports and sentimental scenes. Among Hayman’s works were, “The Game -of Quadrille,” “Children Playing at Shuttlecock,” “Leap Frog,” -“Falstaff’s Cowardice Detected,” etc. In November 1841, twenty-four -of these pictures, all in a dirty condition, were sold in the -Gardens at prices varying from 30s. to £10. - -[37] Marcellus Lauron, or Laroon (1653-1702), was born at the -Hague, and came to London, where he painted draperies for Sir -Godfrey Kneller and executed his “Cryes of London,” engraved by -Tempest. His son, Captain Marcellus Lauron, or Laroon, was soldier, -artist, and actor, and a friend of Hogarth. - -[38] Probably Dr. George Armstrong, brother of Dr. John Armstrong, -author of the poem, “The Art of Preserving Health.” - -[39] In Smith’s boyhood the “Queen’s Head and Artichoke” was a -rural tavern and tea-garden in Marylebone Park, quarter of a -mile north of the New Road, now Marylebone Road. The Marylebone -Gardens were in decline, and their place was taken by three smaller -resorts, the “Queen’s Head and Artichoke,” the “Jew’s Harp,” and -the “Yorkshire Stingo.” The two first-named places were connected -by a zigzag path known as Love Lane. In his _Nollekens_ Smith has -this choice morsel: “Mrs. Nollekens made it a rule to allow one -servant--as they kept two--to go out on the alternate Sunday; for -it was Mrs. Nollekens’ opinion that if they were never permitted -to visit the ‘Jew’s Harp,’ ‘Queen’s Head and Artichoke,’ or Chalk -Farm, they never would wash _theirselves_.” The site of the -“Artichoke” was covered by Decimus Burton’s Colosseum. - -[40] The “Jew’s Harp,” dubiously explained as a corruption of -_jeu trompe_, _i.e._ toy-trumpet, stood near the lower portion of -the Broad Walk in Regent’s Park. Its arbours and tea-garden were -long an attraction to the London youth. Here Arthur Onslow, when -Speaker, was accustomed to sit in an evening smoking his pipe, and -sharing in the tavern talk. The landlord’s discovery that his guest -was the Speaker of the House of Commons cost him his customer, -for when Onslow found himself received at the “Jew’s Harp” with -ceremony, he discontinued his visits. - -[41] This farm in the possession of Thomas Willan was taken by -order of the Treasury for the formation of Regent’s Park in 1794. -It contained about 288 acres. - -[42] Marylebone Gardens had their main entrance in High Street, -Marylebone, and extended eastward to Harley Street. - -[43] Richard Kendall’s farm, comprising about 133 acres, was -absorbed in Regent’s Park. - -[44] The “Green Man” (rebuilt) stands east of Portland Road, -Metropolitan Railway Station, on the site of the “Farthing Pie -House,” at which scraps of mutton put into a crust were sold for a -farthing. The rural state of this neighbourhood, and the regrets -which the spread of London awakened, are set forth in Dr. Ducarel’s -speech in the chapter, “Nothing to Eat,” in Ephraim Hardcastle’s -(William Henry Pyne’s) delightful _Wine and Walnuts_:-- - -“‘Verily I cannot get this mighty street out of my head,’ said -the Doctor. ‘And then there is the new park--what do you call it? -Mary-le-bone--no, the Regent’s Park: it seems to be an elegant, -well-planned place, methinks, and will have a fine effect, no -doubt, with its villas and what not, when the shrubs and trees have -shot up a little. But I shall not live to see it, and I care not; -for I remember those fields in their natural, rural garb, covered -with herds of kine, when you might stretch across from old Willan’s -farm there, a-top of Portland Street, right away without impediment -to Saint John’s Wood, where I have gathered blackberries when a -boy--which pretty place, I am sorry to see, these brick-and-mortar -gentry have trenched upon. Why, Ephraim, you metropolitans will -have half a day’s journey, if you proceed at this rate, ere you -can get a mouthful of fresh air. Where the houses are to find -inhabitants, and, when inhabited, where so many mouths are to find -meat, must be found out by those who come after.’” - -[45] Smith seems to have understated the facts. James Easton, the -author of a curious work, entitled “_Human Longevity_, recording -the name, age, place of residence, and year of the decease of 1712 -persons, who attained a century and upwards, from A.D. 66 to 1799, -etc.” (Salisbury, 1799), enumerates sixty-one cases in this year as -against Smith’s forty-eight. He gives the following particulars of -the three cases named by Smith:-- - -“Mrs. Keithe--133, of Newnham, Gloucestershire. She, lived -moderately, and retained her senses till within fourteen days of -her death. She left three daughters, the eldest aged one hundred -and eleven; the second one hundred and ten; the youngest one -hundred and nine. Also seven great, and great great grandchildren. - -“Mr. Rice--115, of Southwark, cooper. - -“Mrs. Chun--138, near Litchfield, Staffordshire; resided in the -same house one hundred and three years. By frequent exercise, and -temperate living, she attained so great longevity. She left one son -and two daughters, the youngest upwards of one hundred years.” - -[46] According to one story, Mother Damnable was Jinney, the -daughter of a Kentish Town brick-maker, named Jacob Bingham. After -living with a marauder named Gipsy George, who was hanged for -sheep-stealing, Jinney passed from the protection of one criminal -to another, until she was left a lonesome and embittered woman. She -lived in her own cottage, built on waste land by her father, and -abused everyone. - - “’Tis Mother Damnable! that monstrous thing, - Unmatch’d by Macbeth’s wayward women’s ring. - For cursing, scolding, fuming, flinging fire - I’ the face of madam, lord, knight, gent, cit, squire.” - -The story went that on the night of her death hundreds of persons -saw the Devil enter her house. On the site rose the inn which bore -her portrait as its sign. Smith’s mention of the terror with which -it was regarded may have reference to its loneliness and gruesome -traditions. In his own day the inn was a pleasant resort. “Then the -old Mother Red Cap was the evening resort of worn-out Londoners, -and many a happy evening was spent in the green fields round about -the old wayside houses by the children of poorer classes. At that -time the Dairy, at the junction of the Hampstead and Kentish Town -roads, was not the fashionable building it is now, but with forms -for the pedestrians to rest on, they served out milk fresh from the -cow to all who came” (John Palmer, _St. Pancras_). This dairy, so -long a landmark to North Londoners, has just disappeared in favour -of a “Tube” railway station. - -[47] This curious work may still be seen in Little Denmark Street, -where its forty or fifty writhing figures, incrusted with grime, -look at a little distance like some ordinary floral design. The -original “Resurrection Gate” was erected about the year 1687, in -accordance with an order of the vestry. The bill of expenses is -extant, and its terms were contributed by Dr. Rimbault to _Notes -and Queries_ of June 23, 1864, showing the cost to have been £185, -14s. 6d., of which £27 was paid for the carving to an artist named -Love. In 1900, the present Tuscan gate in Little Denmark Street was -erected with the old carving inserted. - -[48] Probably Charles Harriot Smith, the architect, who was at -first a stone-carver. He died in 1864. - -[49] The Reverend James Bean was Vicar of Olney, Buckinghamshire, -and assistant librarian at the British Museum. He died in 1826, and -was buried in St. George’s, Bloomsbury, burial-ground. - -[50] Strype says these almshouses bore the inscription, “St. -Giles’s Almshouse, anno domini 1656.” They were removed in 1782. - -[51] Originally Queen Anne’s Square and now Queen Anne’s Gate. - -[52] The Pound stood, as Smith indicates, in the broad space where -St. Giles High Street, Tottenham Court Road, and Oxford Street met; -it was removed in 1765. - -[53] This song, entitled “Just the Thing,” is valuable as a -portrait of the eighteenth-century “hooligan,” ancestor of Mr. -Clarence Rook’s nineteenth century “Alf” in _Hooligan Nights_:-- - - “On Newgate steps Jack Chance was found, - And bred up near St. Giles’s Pound, - My story is true, deny it who can, - By saucy, leering Billingsgate Nan. - Her bosom glowed with heartfelt joy - When first she held the lovely boy. - Then home the prize she straight did bring, - And they all allow’d he was just the thing. - - At twelve years old, I have been told, - The youth was sturdy, stout, and bold; - He learn’d to curse, to swear, and fight, - And everything but read and write. - - But when he came to man’s estate, - His mind it ran on something great, - A-thieving then he scorn’d to tramp; - So hir’d a pad and went on the scamp. - At clubs he all Flash Soup did sing. - And they all allow’d he was just the thing. - - His manual exercise gone through, - Of Bridewell, Pump, and Horse Pond too, - His back had often felt the smart - Of Tyburn strings at the tail of a cart. - He stood the patter, but that’s no matter, - He gammon’d the Twelve, and work’d on the water, - Then a pardon he got from his gracious King, - And swaggering Jack was just the thing. - - Like a captain bold, well arm’d for war. - With bludgeon stout, or iron bar, - At heading a mob, he never did fail, - At burning a mass-house, or gutting a jail; - But a victim he fell to his country’s laws, - And died at last in religion’s cause. - NO POPERY! made the blade to swing, - And when tuck’d up he was just the thing.” - -[54] Mr. George Clinch, in his _Marylebone and St. Pancras_, -says that there is some reason to think that a portion at least -of Capper’s farm still remains. A large furniture establishment -at Nos. 195-198, Tottenham Court Road, exhibits on a wall in the -rear two tablets marking the boundary of St. Pancras and St. -Giles-in-the-Fields, and bearing eighteenth-century dates. An old -lease of the property, Mr. Clinch adds, contains a clause binding -the tenant to keep stabling for forty head of cattle, and it is -known that the premises were once used as a large livery stable. - -[55] Hanway Street now boasts only one milliner, but has several -art and curiosity shops of the kind Smith loved. The “Blue Posts” -(rebuilt) is still at the corner of Hanway Street. Mr. Joshua -Sturges’ book, published in 1800, was on draughts, not chess. It -was entitled _Guide to the Game of Draughts_, and was dedicated by -permission to the Prince of Wales. It has an engraved frontispiece, -“Figure of the Draught Table.” - -Sturges was probably not buried, as Smith states, in the Hampstead -Road, but in St. Pancras cemetery (see _Notes and Queries_, Series -II. x. 64). Lovers of draughts may be glad to have a copy of his -epitaph. It ran thus: “SACRED TO THE MEMORY of MR. JOSHUA STURGES. -Many years a RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLER in this Parish; who -departed this Life the 12th of August, 1813. Aged 55 years. He -was esteemed for the many excellent Qualities he possessed, and -his desire to improve the Minds, as also to benefit the Trade of -his Brother Victuallers. His Genius was also eminently displayed -to create innocent and rational amusement to Mankind, in the -Production of his Treatise on the difficult game of Draughts, -which Treatise received the Approbation of his Prince, and many -other Distinguished Characters. In private Life he was mild and -unassuming; in his public capacity neither the love of Interest or -domestic ease, could separate this faithful Friend from the Society -of which he was a Member, in the performance of Duties which his -Mind deemed Paramount to all others. His example was worthy of -Imitation in this World. May his Virtues be rewarded in the next. -Peace to his Soul, and respected be his Memory.” - -[56] Goodge Street (named after a Marylebone property owner) still -retains some of its original houses, but no house whose ground -floor has not been converted into a shop. Windmill Street, on -the other hand, is a quaint little street of artificers in wood -and metal, instrument makers, etc., many of its houses remaining -in their first state, with forecourts. The rural traditions of -this street are supported at No. 40 by a vine, bearing bunches -of unripened grapes in August 1903. Colvill Court is now called -Colvill Place, but it is essentially a court. The name Gresse’s -Gardens (after the father of Alexander Gresse the water-colour -painter) survives in Gresse Street, a queer little dusty, dusky -byway, easy to enter from Rathbone Place, but difficult to quit at -its southern end by Tudor Place. Here His Majesty’s mail vans are -stabled. - -[57] This pond is plainly marked also in Rocque’s map of 1745. -Considering its interesting name, it has obtained singularly little -mention by topographers. - -[58] Whitefield built his chapel--in 1756, not 1754--on land -leased for seventy-one years from General Fitzroy. He opened it on -November 7th of the same year, preaching a sermon from the text, -“Other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus -Christ.” A house for the minister and twelve almshouses were added, -and the chapel enlarged. Whitefield proposed to be buried in its -vaults, and told to his congregation, “Messrs. John and Charles -Wesley shall also be buried there. We will all lie together.” -All three were buried elsewhere, but Mrs. Whitefield was buried -here: her remains and those of all other persons, except Augustus -Toplady, were removed to Chingford cemetery when the present -building was begun. A remarkable monument was that to John Bacon, -R.A., the sculptor, with its impressive inscription: “What I was as -an artist seemed to me of some importance while I lived, but what -I really was, as a believer in Jesus Christ, is the only thing of -importance to me now.” After a serious fire in 1857, the original -brick building was altered out of knowledge, and was finally -demolished in 1889. For some years an iron chapel and an appeal for -subscriptions occupied the ground. In 1892 the present ornately -fronted chapel, inscribed “Whitefield Memorial,” was built. In -1903, the present minister, the Reverend C. Silvester Horne, -received “recognition” as the thirteenth minister in succession to -Whitefield. - -[59] More correctly, Crab and Walnut Tree Field. - -[60] Smith makes a slip in locating the historic fight between -Broughton and Slack in April 1750, at the “Adam and Eve” tavern. -It took place in Broughton’s own Amphitheatre near Adam and Eve -Court in the Oxford Road. Smith correctly states the position -of this Amphitheatre in his _Antient Topography of London_ -(1810): “Broughton’s Amphitheatre is still standing; it is at the -south-west corner of Castle Street, Wells Street; the lower part -is a coal shed, the upper a stage for timber.” Its site is now -occupied by No. 62 Castle Street East, close to Adam and Eve Court. - -Here it was that the founder of the modern prize-ring, whose -“Broughton rules” were observed everywhere until 1838, met disaster -in his fight with the plucky Norwich butcher. The result was his -retirement from the ring, and the loss by his backer, the Duke of -Cumberland, of a bet of £10,000. In his later years, Broughton -lived in Walcot Place, Lambeth, where he died, aged 85. He was -buried in Lambeth Church. A monument to him in the West Walk of -the Cloisters of Westminster Abbey describes him as “Yeoman of the -Guard”; and it is stated in the _Dictionary of National Biography_ -that a place among the Yeomen was obtained for him by the Duke of -Cumberland. In his _Historical Memorials of Westminster Abbey_, -Dean Stanley says: “After his name on the gravestone is a space, -which was to have been filled up with the words ‘Champion of -England.’ The Dean objected, and the blank remains.” But the blank -does not remain. It was filled in 1832 with the names of Roger -Monk, another Yeoman of the Guard, and his wife. It is worthy -of note, too, that the _earliest_ name on the tablet is that of -Broughton’s wife, Elizabeth, who was actually buried here. - -[61] See note p. 105. - -[62] Fischer had the further distinction of being married to a -daughter of J. T. S., whose other daughter married a Mr. Smith, a -sculptor. - -[63] Gooseberry Fair followed the suppressed Tottenham Fair. Both -were held in and about the Adam and Eve Tavern. Richard Yates and -Ned Shuter appeared together at various London fairs. - -[64] Charles Fleetwood threw Drury Lane into confusion both behind -and before the scenes, by his unpunctual payment of salaries, and -by attempting to introduce pantomimes against the wishes of the -old play-goers. This led to noisy scenes in 1744, in one of which -Horace Walpole stigmatised Fleetwood as “an impudent rascal” from -his box, and was embarrassed by the enthusiastic approval of the -audience. - -[65] The exact site of the famous Footsteps is not easily -determined. Dr. Rimbault (_Notes and Queries_, February 2, 1850) -says that it was reputed to be “at the extreme termination of -the north-east end of Upper Montague Street.” It is placed a -little farther west by Robert Hill, the water-colour painter, who -stated in a letter, quoted by Mr. Wheatley in his _London_: “I -well remember the Brothers’ Footsteps. They were near a bank that -divided two of the fields between Montague House and the New Road, -and their situation must have been, if my recollection serves me, -what is now Torrington Square.” Smith says the Footsteps were “on -the site of Mr. Martin’s chapel, or nearly so.” Mr. John Martin, -the Baptist minister, had the chapel in Keppel Street. It still -exists. This brings the Footsteps a few yards south, but Smith’s -indefiniteness must be taken into account. That these markings -were visible as late as 1800 is proved by the following entry in -the Commonplace Book of Joseph Moser: “June 16th, 1800. Went into -the fields at the back of Montague House, and there saw, for the -last time, the Forty Footsteps: the building materials are there -to cover them from the sight of man.” The feeling with which these -curious marks were regarded by educated people may be judged by -a letter quoted in the _Gentleman’s Magazine_ of December 1804, -in which the writer expresses his conviction that “the Almighty -has ordered it as a standing monument of his great displeasure of -the horrid sin of duelling,” an opinion in which the poet Southey -concurred. In 1828, Miss Jane Porter published her novel, _The -Field of the Forty Footsteps_. - -[66] Nearly a hundred years later, a similar superstition survived -in London, and is thus noted by Brand in his _Popular Antiquities_: -“In the _Morning Post_, Monday, May 2nd, 1791, it was mentioned -‘that yesterday, being the first of May, according to annual and -superstitious custom, a number of persons went into the fields and -bathed their faces with the dew on the grass, under the idea that -it would render them beautiful.’” - -[67] The occasion was a dinner at Tom Davies’s in 1762. “BOSWELL: -Does not Gray’s poetry, sir, tower above the common mark? JOHNSON: -Yes, sir; but we must attend to the difference between what men -in general cannot do if they would, and what every man may do if -he would. Sixteen-string Jack towered above the common mark.” -Dr. William Bell, whom Rann robbed, was Rector of Christ Church, -London, 1780-99, and treasurer of St. Paul’s Cathedral. - -[68] Probably a mistake. These nosegays were given to condemned -criminals on their way to Tyburn by the St. Sepulchre authorities. -Rann was one of the last to receive the gift. - -[69] Saunders Welch, the father of Mrs. Nollekens, was educated -in Aylesbury workhouse, and for many years was a grocer in Museum -Street, then Queen Street. He succeeded Fielding as a Justice of -the Peace for Westminster. Smith says in his _Nollekens_ that he -met many people who recollected seeing him as High Constable of -Westminster, “dressed in black, with a large, nine-storey George -the Second’s wig highly powdered, with long flowing curls over his -shoulder, a high three-cornered hat, and his black baton tipped -with silver at either end, riding on a white horse to Tyburn with -the malefactors.” A long and warm friendship existed between -Saunders Welch and Dr. Johnson. “Johnson, who had an eager and -unceasing curiosity to know human life in all its variety, told me -that he attended Mr. Welch in his office for a whole winter, to -hear the examinations of the culprits” (Boswell). - -[70] To-day, High Street, Marylebone, is perhaps the most -perfect High Street left in London. Neither from its north end -in Marylebone Road nor from Oxford Street does it receive heavy -traffic; its shops exist for the fine streets and squares around -it, and it offers them the best of most things, from a tender -chicken to a county history. - -[71] “In the year 1741, the old church in which Hogarth has -introduced his “Rake at the Altar with the Old Maid” was taken -down, and the present one built on its site; so that the writers -who have stated that the scene took place in the present edifice -must acknowledge their error, if they will take the trouble to -refer to Hogarth’s fifth plate of the Rake’s Progress, where they -will find its publication to have taken place June 25, 1735.”--S. - -[72] Probably Christopher Norton, of the St. Martin’s Lane Academy. - -[73] Tradition reports that from Elizabeth it came to the Forsyths, -and thence to the Duke of Portland. In his _Marylebone and St. -Pancras_, Mr. Clinch writes: “In the year 1703 a large school was -established here by Mr. De la Place. That gentleman’s daughter -married the Rev. John Fountayne, Rector of North Sidmouth, in -Wiltshire, and the latter succeeded Mr. De la Place in the school. -The school is said to have obtained a considerable reputation among -the nobility and gentry, whose sons there received an educational -training previously to their removal to the universities.” - -[74] “Mr. Fountayne had one son, afterwards Dean of York, and -three daughters, viz. Mrs. Hargrave, Mrs. Jones, and Mrs. Metz. -Mrs. Hargrave was lately living; she was the wife of Counsellor -Hargrave, and was esteemed a great beauty. Another daughter -of Monsieur De la Place married the Rev. Mr. Dyer, brother to -the author of _Grongar Hill_, to whose nephew, the late Mr. -Dyer, the printseller, I am obliged for some parts of the above -information.”--S. - -[75] Reproduced in Mr. Clinch’s _Marylebone and St. Pancras_ (1890). - -[76] Michael Angelo Rooker (1743-1801), the water-colour painter -and engraver. “His works are drawn with conscientious accuracy, -and show a sweet pencil” (Redgrave). He died March 3, 1801, in -Dean Street, Soho, and was buried in the ground belonging to St. -Martin-in-the-Fields, in the Kentish Town Road. Examples of his -work are hung at South Kensington. - -[77] The wonderful extra-illustrated copy presented to the Museum -by John Charles Crowle, and valued at £5000. - -[78] That is to say tiled. - -[79] The Rev. John Fountayne was more than “noticed” by Handel; -the two men were intimate. A grandson of Fountayne wrote in 1832: -“One evening as my grandfather and Handel were walking together -and alone, a new piece was struck up by the band. ‘Come, Mr. -Fountayne,’ said Handel, ‘let us sit down and listen to this -piece--I want to know your opinion of it.’ Down they sat, and -after some time the old parson, turning to his companion, said, -‘It is not worth listening to--it’s very poor stuff.’ ‘You are -right, Mr. F.,’ said Handel, ‘it is very poor stuff--I thought so -myself when I had finished it.’ The old gentleman, being taken -by surprise, was beginning to apologise; but Handel assured him -there was no necessity; that the music was really bad, having -been composed hastily, and his time for the production limited; -and that the opinion given was as correct as it was honest” -(Hone’s _Year Book_). “Clarke” was doubtless Dr. Adam Clarke, the -Wesleyan, who died in Bayswater in 1832, and was well known for his -bibliographical and theological works. - -[80] Lady Harrington might well lend her jewels, since she often -borrowed. Horace Walpole tells how, at the Coronation of George -III., she appeared “covered with all the diamonds she could borrow, -hire, or seize, with the air of Roxana, the finest figure at a -distance.” - -[81] The great actress. She played Violante to Garrick’s Don Felix -in the actor’s last appearance. - -[82] In his _Memoirs_, the Rev. John Trusler, who was educated -at Dr. Fountayne’s school, does not spare Mrs. Fountayne’s -tuft-hunting tendencies. In one instance she was covered with -ridicule through the action of a Soho pastry-cook named Jenkins, -who, wishing his son to enter the school, arranged that he should -do so under the name of the Prince De Chimmay. When Mrs. Fountayne -discovered that his father made tarts a mile from the school door, -“she had the laugh so much against her, that she could not show her -face for months.” - -[83] The Royal College of Physicians, then housed in Warwick Lane. - -[84] Norfolk Street was the northern continuation of Newman Street; -it is now merged in Cleveland Street. - -[85] John Baptist Locatelli, a native of Verona, had his studio in -Union Street, Tottenham Court Road, from 1776. He was befriended -by Horace Walpole, with whom he quarrelled bitterly over a group -representing Theseus offering assistance to Hercules. Walpole -refused to take this work, although he had already paid the -sculptor £350 on account, and was probably justified, since -Nollekens said the group looked “like the dry skins of two -brickmakers stuffed with clotted flocks from an old mattress.” -Locatelli worked also for the brothers Adam, and he superintended -the carving of the basso-relievos put up by Nollekens on the -outside of the Sessions House, Clerkenwell Green. In 1796 he left -England for Milan, where Buonaparte employed him and granted him a -pension. (See Smith’s _Life of Nollekens_, 1829, pp. 119-123, and -Thornbury’s _British Artists_, vol. ii. pp. 9-16). - -[86] Wilson, upon whom a note has been given under the year 1766, -lived at No. 36 Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square, within a few -minutes’ walk of this group of elms. He was accustomed of a fine -evening, says Redgrave, to throw open his window and invite his -friends to enjoy with him the glowing sunset behind the Hampstead -and Highgate hills. Fitzroy Square was not begun until 1790-94. -To-day the miles between Charlotte Street and these northern -heights are filled by streets. Nevertheless, Hampstead church -can still be seen from Charlotte Street, piercing the northern -distance, and, but for the slight deflection of Rathbone Place, -it would be visible from Oxford Street. John Constable afterwards -lived in the same street. The elms under which Wilson and Baretti -walked must have had their roots in the ground on which the east -side of Cleveland Street is built. - -[87] It is difficult to form an idea of this instrument. It was -beaten with a rolling-pin, and appears to have been used as a drum -in such a way (according to the manner in which it was struck) -as to produce something like notes. This is indicated in Bonnell -Thornton’s burlesque, _Ode to St. Cecilia’s Day_, in which occur -the well-known lines which amused Dr. Johnson:-- - - “In strains more exalted the salt-box shall join, - And clattering and battering and clapping combine; - With a rap and a tap while the hollow side sounds. - Up and down leaps the flap, and with rattling rebounds.” - -The character of the neighbourhood round the “Farthing Pie House” -(Portland Road Station) in Smith’s boyhood, may be judged by -Smith’s statement in his _Vagabondiana_, that “when the sites of -Portland Place, Devonshire Street, etc., were fields, the famous -Tommy Lowe, then a singer at Mary-le-bone Gardens, raised a -subscription, to enable an unfortunate man to run a small chariot, -drawn by four muzzled mastiffs, from a pond near Portland Chapel, -called Cockney Ladle, which supplied Mary-le-bone Bason with water, -to the ‘Farthing Pie House’ … in order to accommodate children with -a ride for a halfpenny.” - -[88] By Queen Anne Street Smith means the street which has borne -the successive names of Little Queen Anne Street, Queen Anne Street -East, Foley Place, and (now) Langham Street. The present Queen Anne -Street is on the _west_ side of Portland Place; it was originally -Great Queen Anne Street, then Queen Anne Street West. A curious -interest attaches to these streets, neither of which runs, as it -seems destined to do, into Portland Place. Thus:-- - -[Illustration] - -Their failure to run directly into Portland Place (see dotted -lines) is a relic of Foley House which occupied the site of the -Langham Hotel, and interposed its gardens where these streets would -have joined. It was afterwards intended to build a Queen Anne -Square at the foot of Great Portland Street, but this project fell -through. - -[89] There were many ponds in the fields on which the streets -of St. Pancras and Marylebone are built. In an early view of -Whitefield’s Tabernacle, a pond is delineated on a spot now -covered, as nearly as may be judged, by Torrington Square. Farther -west, on the site of Duke Street, Portland Place, was the Cockney -Ladle, in which small boys bathed at the risk of having their -clothes seized by the parish beadles. Close by this--on the site -of the backs of the east side of Harley Street--was the Marylebone -Basin, a dangerously deep water. Many drownings occurred in ponds -of which no trace or memory remains. Thus, the _St. James’s -Chronicle_ of August 8, 1769, says: “Two young chairmen [_i.e._ -carriers of sedan chairs] were unfortunately drowned on Friday -Evening last, in a Pond behind the North-Side of Portman-Square. -They had been beating a Carpet in the Square, and being thereby -warm and dirty agreed to bathe in the above Pond, not being aware -of its great Depth. The Man who first went in could swim, and while -he was swimming his Companion went in, but being presently out of -his Depth he sunk. The Swimmer immediately made to the Place to -save his Companion; but he, coming up again under the Swimmer, -laid fast hold of him, and they both sunk down together and were -drowned.” - -[90] “On Friday last, Mr. Carlile, a Quaker of about 17 years of -age, had the misfortune to fall into Marylebone-Bason, and was -drowned” (_Daily Advertiser_, June 18, 1744). - -[91] And from their contiguity to a French Protestant chapel, -founded in 1756. - -[92] The difficulty of writing recent history is exemplified by -Smith in his account of Marylebone Gardens, which is far excelled -by Mr. Warwick Wroth’s chapter on Marylebone Gardens in his _London -Pleasure Gardens of the Eighteenth Century_ (1896). Fully to -annotate Smith’s chronology of these gardens would require many -pages, and the result would be unsatisfactory. I shall therefore -deal with only the more prominent names he mentions. - -[93] May 7, 1668. - -[94] M. Wroth says: “In 1691 the place was known as Long’s Bowling -Green at the Rose, and for several years (_circ._ 1679-1736) -persons of quality might have been seen bowling there during the -summer-time. - - ‘At the Groom Porters battered bullies play; - Some Dukes at Marybone bowl time away.’” - -These lines, often erroneously attributed to Lady Mary Wortley -Montague, occur in Pope’s _The Basset-table, an Eclogue_. - -[95] Rockhoult, or Rockholt House, was at Leyton, in Essex, and was -“for a short period an auxiliary place of amusement for the Summer -to the established Theatres” (_Gentleman’s Magazine_, July 1814). -It was opened about 1742, and was apparently regarded as “the place -to spend a happy day.” A ballad to “Delia” exclaimed-- - - “Delia, in whose form we trace - All that can a virgin grace, - Hark where pleasure, blithe as May, - Bids us to Rockholt haste away.” - -[96] “The principal shareholder and manager of Ranelagh at this -date was Sir Thomas Robinson, Bart., M.P., whose gigantic form was -for many years familiar to frequenters of the Rotunda; a writer of -1774 calls him its Maypole, and Garland of Delights. Robinson lived -at Prospect Place, adjoining the gardens.” - -[97] The New Wells belonged to the Islington group of pleasure -gardens, and stood on ground now occupied by Lower Rosomon Street, -Clerkenwell. It flourished 1737-50, and numbered a collection of -rattlesnakes among its attractions. - -[98] Cuper’s Gardens, a great resort. The Feathers Tavern at the -end of Waterloo Bridge is the successor of the tavern originally in -the gardens, the site of which is traversed by the Waterloo Road. -They were closed in 1759, after which Dr. Johnson, passing them in -a coach with Langton, Beauclerk, and Lady Sydney Beauclerk (mother -of his friend), jokingly proposed, to Lady Sydney’s horror, that -they should lease them: “She had no notion of a joke, sir; she had -come late into life, and had a mighty unpliable understanding.” - -[99] Advertised as “the Pariton, an instrument never played in -publick before.” - -[100] Mary Ann Falkner was a niece of George Falkner, the Dublin -printer, whom Foote caricatured on the stage. She appeared at -Marylebone from 1747 to about 1752, giving such songs as “Amoret -and Phyllis,” “The Happy Couple,” and “The Faithful Lover.” Much -sought after, she remained faithful to her husband, a linen draper -named Donaldson, until his conduct threw her under the protection -of the second Earl of Halifax. - -[101] M. Wroth says, on good evidence, that Trusler became -proprietor only in 1756. - -[102] The career of young John Trusler, afterwards the Rev. Dr. -Trusler, is interesting. Without a collegiate training, he took -Holy Orders, and officiated as a curate in London. His eye for -business revealed to him the possibilities of sermon-mongering, and -he was soon making a respectable income by supplying clergymen all -over the country with sermons in script characters. His operations -became something of a scandal, and Cowper scourged him in “The -Task”-- - - “He grinds divinity of other days - Down into modern use, transforms old print - To zigzag manuscript, and cheats the eyes - Of gallery critics by a thousand arts. - Are there who purchase of the doctor’s ware? - Oh, name it not in Gath! It cannot be - That grave and learned clerks should need such aid. - He doubtless is in sport, and does but droll, - Assuming thus a rank unknown before-- - Grand caterer and dry-nurse of the Church!” - -Trusler also issued the morning and evening services so printed and -punctuated as to indicate to incompetent readers how they should be -delivered. Cowper writes-- - - “He teaches those to read, whom schools dismiss’d, - And colleges, untaught; sells accent, tone, - And emphasis in score, and gives to prayer - The _adagio_ and _andante_ it demands.” - -Prospering at this business, Trusler set up a publishing -establishment in Wardour Street, from which he issued manuals -of all kinds, including his most respectable work, _Hogarth -Moralised_, in which Mrs. Hogarth became a partner and collaborator. -At the age of 85 he died in his villa at Englefield Green, Middlesex. - -[103] Miss Trusler’s seed and plum cakes were famous. In a judgment -on Mrs. Cornelys for keeping an objectionable house, Sir John -Fielding sagely remarked that her Soho assemblies were unnecessary, -having regard to the many attractions elsewhere, such as “Ranelagh -with its music and fireworks, and Marylebone Gardens, with music, -wine, and plum-cake.” - -[104] The arrival of three Cherokee Indian chiefs in the spring of -1762 roused the liveliest interest in London. These braves came -over in token of friendship after the ratification of a treaty -of peace at Charlestown, South Carolina. They were well-made -men, six feet in height, and were dressed, says the _Gentleman’s -Magazine_ (May 1762), “in their own country habit with only a -shirt, trousers, and mantle round them; their faces are painted of -a copper colour, and their heads adorned with shells, feathers, -ear-rings, and other trifling ornaments. They neither of them -can speak to be understood, and very unfortunately lost their -interpreter in their passage. A house is taken for them in Suffolk -Street, and cloaths have been given them in the English fashion.” -Among the thousands of Londoners who went to see the “Cherokee -Kings” was Oliver Goldsmith. - -[105] By an indenture dated August 30, 1763. This document, which -Smith’s namesake Thomas Smith quoted in his _History of the Parish -of Marylebone_, shows that the Gardens were attached to the Rose -Tavern, and that they contained walks, statuary, boxes, benches, -and musical appliances and books. Lowe’s lease was for fourteen -years at the annual rent of £170. - -[106] Not the well-known Stephen Storace (who was born only in this -year), but his father, a Neapolitan, described by George Hogarth -as “a good performer on the double bass in the band of the Opera -House.” - -[107] Nan Catley won hearts by her breezy manner and air of -camaraderie. Hers “was the singing of unequalled animal spirits; -it was Mrs. Jordan’s comedy carried into music.… She was bold, -volatile, audacious” (Boaden: _Life of Mrs. Siddons_). - -[108] Long before this, Dick Turpin had appeared in the Garden -itself, and had surprised Mrs. Fountayne, the wife of the -Marylebone schoolmaster, with a kiss. He impudently remarked, “Be -not alarmed, madam; you can now boast that you have been kissed by -Dick Turpin. Good-morning!” - -[109] Lowe was now glad to obtain singing engagements at Sadler’s -Wells and other tea-gardens. His career from riches to poverty is -illustrated in the story, told by John Taylor in his _Records of -My Life_, that, soon after becoming master of Marylebone Gardens, -he was seen riding thither in his chariot with a large iron trunk -behind it, which he explained he had purchased “to place the -profits of the Gardens in.” Taylor adds that he had last seen Lowe -in a lane near Aldersgate Street, coming out of a butcher’s shop, -with some meat in a checked handkerchief. - -[110] An editorial note in the third edition of the _Rainy Day_ -suggests that this name was made popular by Prior’s “Chloe.” This -seems probable, for Prior gave all the vogue of an ideal to this -woman, who, in real life, was the wife of a coachman in Long Acre, -and was described by Johnson as “a despicable drab of the lowest -species.” - -[111] See note on Weston, p. 208. - -[112] Charles Bannister, the vocalist and actor, father of the more -famous John Bannister. - -[113] Signor Giovanni Battista Pergolesi, born near Ancona in the -first decade of the eighteenth century, composed numerous operas -and oratorios. Of the former his _La Serva Padrona_ was revived in -London as late as 1873. - -[114] Felix Giardini, a Piedmontese musician, came to England -in 1750, and met with encouragement. He died in Russia in -1793. After hearing him play at Bath, Gainsborough bought his -viol-di-gamba, but was soon disgusted to find that the music -remained with the Italian. Horace Walpole was not enthusiastic -about Giardini as a composer, and advised Mason to employ Handel -to set his _Sappho_. “Your Act is classical Athenian; shall it be -subdi-di-di-vi-vi-vi-ded into modern Italian?” - -[115] Dr. Arnold’s appearance at Bow Street was in respect of a -rocket-stick which had descended in the sacrosanct garden of Mrs. -Fountayne. - -[116] “To James Winston, Esq. [secretary to the Garrick Club, -and several times mentioned in the diary of John Payne Collier], -I am obliged for the above notices; indeed, to that gentleman’s -disinterested indulgence I am also indebted for many other curious -particulars introduced in this work, selected from his most -extensive and valuable library of English Theatrical Biography, -both in manuscript and in print, a collection formed by himself -during the last thirty years.”--S. - -[117] “Torré was a printseller in partnership with the late Mr. -Thane, and lived in Market Lane, Haymarket.”--S. - -[118] Dr. William Kenrick, the rampageous critic and playwright. -His comedy _The Duellist_ is his best-remembered work. In July -1774 he began a course of lectures in the “Theatre for Burlettas” -at Marylebone Gardens, which he termed “a School of Shakespeare,” -an entertainment which he also gave at the Devil Tavern in Fleet -Street. Kenrick attacked Dr. Johnson’s Shakespeare. On Goldsmith -saying that he had never heard of Kenrick’s writings, the doctor -replied: “Sir, he is one of the many who have made themselves -public, without making themselves known.” - -It is curious that Smith omits to mention Dr. Johnson’s rampageous -visit to the Gardens to see Torré’s fireworks, with his friend -George Steevens, the Shakesperian commentator. It may have taken -place in this year, 1774. - -[119] Robert Baddeley began his connection with the stage as cook -to Foote. He was the original Moses in the _School for Scandal_. -It was he who bequeathed £100 to provide the cake and wine which -actors and journalists still consume on Twelfth Night. He is stated -by Dr. Doran to have been the last actor to wear the royal livery -of scarlet, which, as “His Majesty’s Servants,” the Drury Lane -players were entitled to assume. - -[120] A posthumous son of Henry Carey, author of “Sally in our -Alley.” “Saville Carey I have heard sometimes touch Nan Catley’s -manner feebly in the famous triumph of her hilarity, ‘Push about -the Jorum’” (Boaden: _Life of Mrs. Siddons_). His worthless -daughter, Nance Carey, bore to one Kean, a tailor, or a builder, -a child whom she neglected and abandoned. This boy became Edmund -Kean, the great actor (Doran’s _Their Majestys’ Servants_, vol. ii. -pp. 523-26). - -[121] These initials thinly disguise such well-known entertainers -as Garrick, Bannister, Mrs. Baddeley, and the singers Mr. Darley, -Mr. Vernon, and Nan Catley, all of whom were imitated by the -versatile Carey. - -[122] As Abel Drugger, one of his finest parts. - -[123] The “Forge of Vulcan” was Signor Torré’s masterpiece; in it -appeared Venus and Cupid in dialogue, in more or less relevant -circumstances of flame and lava. - -[124] Fantoccino, the Italian puppet-entertainment, was introduced -to France by an Italian named Marion (hence “marionettes”), and -then into England. The great London Fantoi show of the eighteenth -century was Flockton’s. - -Breslaw, the conjurer, began his London appearances in 1772, in -Cockspur Street. In 1774 he gave his entertainment on alternate -days here and at the “King’s Arms” opposite the Royal Exchange. -It is told of him while performing at Canterbury, he promised the -Mayor that if the duration of his licence were extended he would -give one night’s receipts to the poor. The Mayor agreed, and the -conjurer had a full house. Hearing nothing further of the money, -the Mayor called on Breslaw to inquire. The following dialogue -ensued. - -“Mr. Mayor, I have distributed the money myself.” - -“Pray, sir, to whom?” - -“To my own company, than whom none can be poorer.” - -“This is a trick!” - -“Sir, we live by tricks.” - -[125] Baggio Rebecca, decorative painter, died in 1808. Of his -election as Associate of the Royal Academy in 1771, Leslie says: -“Academic advancement was rapid in those days. Every man who -displayed the least ability was certain of election.” Rebecca had -a small share in decorating the Royal Academy lecture-room at -Somerset House. - -[126] Most of these localities have ceased to be the resort of -bird-fanciers. To-day the chief London quarters for song-birds are -St. Giles’s, Leadenhall Market, and, above all, Sclater Street in -Spitalfields, known as “Club Row.” - -[127] The sights in this famous cockpit are recorded by Hogarth in -his print of 1759, and by Rowlandson in Ackermann’s _Microcosm of -London_ (1808). - -Bainbridge Street survives as a narrow lane behind New Oxford -Street, leading from Dyott Street to the back of Meux’s brewery. - -At the beginning of the eighteenth century the cockpit behind -Gray’s Inn (its exact locality is not easily discovered), enjoyed -“the only vogue” (Hatton). Mr. William B. Boulton (_The Amusements -of Old London_, 1901) quotes a description of it by Von Uffenbach, -a German traveller, who says it was specially built for the sport. - -Pickled-Egg Walk, afterwards Crawford’s Passage (now Crawford -Passage, Ray Street, Clerkenwell), was named after the proprietor -of the Pickled-Egg Tavern, who brought from the West of England -a recipe for pickled eggs and supplied this novel cate to his -customers. Pink mentions a tradition that Charles II. once paused -here in a suburban journey and ate a pickled egg. The mains fought -at the cockpit here were regularly advertised in the newspapers. - -Charles Hughes and Charles Dibdin, the song-writer, opened the -“Royal Circus and Equestrian Philharmonic Academy” in 1782. - -Cock-fighting was made illegal in 1849, but a statement in _Cocking -and its Votaries_ (1895), by S. A. T. (for private circulation), -makes it quite manifest that “not a few wealthy men in England -still follow up this sport, stealthily but with much zeal--a fact -that is as discreditable to the guardians of the law as it is to -themselves.” I quote Mr. J. Charles Cox in his admirable edition of -Strutt’s _Sports and Pastimes_ (1903). - -[128] Behind this formal entry lies the most affecting farewell -scene ever enacted on a London stage. The doors of Drury Lane -Theatre were opened at “half after five” on that evening of June -10, 1776, and the profits of the performance were announced to be -given to the Theatrical Fund. It was but the last of a series of -farewell nights in which Garrick had played his great parts for the -last time to densely crowded houses. As Mr. Percy Fitzgerald says: -“Other actors retire in one night, Garrick’s departure filled a -whole season and only culminated on this last night.” “Last night,” -he wrote, “I played Abel Drugger for the last time. I thought the -audience were cracked, and they almost turned my brain.” - -On June 5, King George and his Queen attended to see Garrick’s last -“Richard.” Distinguished people were turned nightly from the doors, -and many became almost frantic to think that they must see Garrick -now or never again. Hannah More wrote: “I pity those who have not -seen him. Posterity will never be able to form the slightest idea -of his perfections.… I have seen him within three weeks take leave -of Benedick, Sir John Brute, Kitely, Abel Drugger, Archer, and -Leon.” - -On the last night, of all, Garrick played Don Felix in Mrs. -Centilivre’s comedy, which he chose, perhaps, as a foil to the -tragedy of his farewell. In his Life of the actor Mr. Fitzgerald -thus describes the supreme moment: “He retired slowly--up--up -the stage, his eyes fixed on them with a lingering longing. Then -stopped. The shouts of applause from that brilliant amphitheatre -were broken by sobs and tears. To his ears were borne from many -quarters the word ‘Farewell! Farewell!’ Mrs. Garrick was in her -box, in an agony of hysterical tears. The wonderful eyes, still -brilliant, were turned wistfully again and again to that sea of -sympathetic faces, one of the most brilliant audiences perhaps -that ever sat in Drury Lane; and at last, with an effort, he tore -himself from their view.” - -[129] Garrick’s last season at Drury Lane was Mrs. Siddons’ first. -She was but twenty-one years of age, and made no striking success, -though “her type was enlarged in the bill” (Boadley). - -[130] A single short fall of lace from the hat has been far from -unfashionable in recent years. Fans were carried later than 1776. A -print of two ladies in outdoor costume in the _Gallery of Fashion_, -published in May 1796, is reproduced by Fairholt, who remarks: -“Both ladies carry the then indispensable article--a fan.” Indeed, -the fashion-plates of the eighteenth century disclose hardly any -period in which fans were not carried out of doors. - -[131] Norton Street is now Bolsover Street, running south from near -Portland Road Station, parallel east of Great Portland Street. In -the eighteenth century it had considerable pretensions. From it -Sir William Chambers’s funeral proceeded to the Abbey in March -1796. Wilson, Turner, and Wilkie all painted here. It is now a dull -macadamised street in whose houses upholstering, steel-cutting, -etc., are carried on. - -[132] Smith erroneously notes that “this house, subsequently -inhabited by the Duchess of Bolton, Sir John Nicholl, Sir Vicary -Gibbs, and by Sir Charles Flower, Bart., has been recently pulled -down, and several houses built upon the site.” The premises remain -to this day, but they form several houses. As early as 1776 -Northouck noted that Baltimore House was “either built without a -plan, or else has had very whimsical owners; for the door has been -shifted to different parts of the house, being now carried into the -stable-yard.” - -[133] The map engraved for Northouck’s _History of London in 1772_ -shows that Smith was justified in these statements. The unexpected -break in the houses which still occurs on the south side of -Guilford Street is a relic of the desire to leave this square open -to Highgate. This intention was defeated when the north side of -Guilford Street was built. Thenceforward the north-westward growth -of London was rapid, and by 1845 rurality had been pushed up to -Chalk Farm by advancing brick and mortar. - -[134] This Italian painter exhibited portraits and water colours -at the Royal Academy from 1774 to 1778. He painted the principal -ceiling at the old East India House. - -[135] This painting is said to represent Mary, and her son James -(afterwards James I. of England) as a boy four years of age. Doubts -have been thrown on its history. (See _Gentleman’s Magazine_, vols. -xlviii. and xlix.) - -[136] A fortune-teller by tea-leaves, the leaves being “grouted” or -turned over in the cup. - -[137] At this time Charles Towneley (1737-1805) was living at No. -7 Park Street (now, with Queen Anne’s Square, named Queen Anne’s -Gate), where he entertained, among others, Sir Joshua Reynolds, -Nollekens, and Johann Zoffany. The Townley collection of Greek -and Roman statues, altars, urns, busts, etc., now in the British -Museum, was freely shown to the public in Park Street. - -[138] It was from Mr. Tunnard’s house, on Bankside, that Smith -etched the river procession which brought Nelson’s body to -Whitehall, mentioned in Smith’s note, p. 182. - -[139] The manager, and afterwards part proprietor, of Thrale’s -brewery. He hung a fine mezzotint portrait of Johnson in the -counting-house, and when Mrs. Thrale, in Johnson’s presence, asked -him why he had done so, he replied, “Because, madam, I wish to have -one wise man there.” “Sir,” said Johnson, “I thank you. It is a -very handsome compliment, and I believe you speak sincerely.” - -[140] The Rev. James Beresford became Rector of Kibworth Beauchamp, -Lincoln, in 1812. He died in 1840. - -[141] Elizabeth Carter, of “Epictetus” fame, the friend of Dr. -Johnson. See note, p. 231. - -Anna Letitia Barbauld, the well-known miscellaneous writer, whose -poem “Life! I know not what thou art” is her one imperishable -composition. - -Angelica Kauffman, the painter (1741-1807). See Smith’s account of -her under the year 1807. - -Mrs. Sheridan was the beautiful, clever, and faithful wife of -Richard Brinsley Sheridan, whom she assisted in the management of -Drury Lane Theatre. - -Charlotte Lenox, born in New York, 1720, was the author of _The -Life of Harriot Stuart_, in which she portrayed her own youth. -She found interest in high quarters, and was given apartments in -Somerset House, which, however, she lost when that building was -demolished. Dr. Johnson insisted on his friends sitting up all -night at the Devil Tavern to celebrate Mrs. Lenox’s “first literary -child” (_Harriot Stuart_), an immense apple pie being part of the -entertainment. In the morning the waiters were so sleepy that the -party had to wait two hours for their reckoning. - -Mrs. Montague, the original “blue stocking,” had little womanly -taste, but her mind was well stored and active; she lived in an -atmosphere of English and foreign talent, and her assemblies at -Montague House, in Portman Square, are historical. Dr. Johnson was -severe on her _Essay on the Writings and Genius of Shakespeare_, -remarking: “Reynolds is fond of her book, and I wonder at it; for -neither I nor Beauclerk nor Mrs. Thrale could get through it.” - -Hannah More had appeared in the London literary firmament in 1774; -her tragedy _Percy_ had just been given by Garrick, and her star -was in brightest ascension. - -Such was the fame of Mrs. Catherine Macaulay, author of a forgotten -_History of England_, that Dr. Wilson, Rector of St. Stephen’s, -Walbrook, erected a statue to her in the chancel of that church -during her lifetime. It was very properly removed by his successor. - -Mrs. Elizabeth Griffith wrote several plays which Garrick presented -with success. _The Letters of Henry and Frances_, which she wrote -in collaboration with her husband, a dramatist, were popular. - -[142] At No. 5 (now No. 4) Adelphi Terrace, Garrick lived between -1772 and 1779. He died at about 8 a.m. The house is distinguished -by a commemorative tablet, as also (recently and more artistically) -is his previous residence in Southampton Street, Strand. - -[143] Boswell says: “Garrick’s funeral was talked of as -extravagantly expensive, but Dr. Johnson, from his dislike to -exaggeration, would not allow that it was distinguished by an -extraordinary pomp. ‘Were there not six horses to each coach?’ -said Mrs. Burney. JOHNSON: ‘Madam, there were no more six horses -than six phœnixes.’” On this Croker notes: “There certainly were, -and Johnson himself went in one of the coach and six.” Richard -Cumberland saw Johnson standing beside the grave, at the foot of -Shakespeare’s statue, bathed in tears. Horace Walpole wrote to the -Countess of Ossory, February 1, 1779: “Yes, madam, I do think the -pomp of Garrick’s funeral perfectly ridiculous,” and he gave his -reasons with epigrammatic force. Others were of the same opinion; -and John Henderson, the actor, wrote “a rather bitter impromptu -on Mr. Garrick’s Funeral,” in which Garrick is represented as -directing the pageant. - - “‘Call all my carpenters--bid George attend. - And ransack Monmouth Street from end to end; - Buy all the black, defraud the starving moth. - Or let him, if he will, defile the cloth: - Bring moth and all--we have no time to lose-- - If there’s not black enough, then buy the blues.’ - … - Thus far he spoke, in an imperial tone, - And quite forgot the funeral was his own.” - -[144] Antonio Zucchi, A.R.A., who became Angelica Kauffmann’s -second husband, was employed by the brothers Adam, the architects -of the Adelphi. The cost of the mantelpiece is given by Mr. -Wheatley as £300, the probable figure. Mrs. Garrick died in the -same house in 1822. - -[145] The “English Grotto,” as it was called, was one of the -Islington group of tea-gardens. Its proprietor, Jackson, pleased -his public by an ingenious water-mill, an “enchanted fountain,” and -a display of gold and silver fish. A pleasingly rustic view in the -Crace collection is reproduced by Mr. Wroth in _London Pleasure -Gardens of the Eighteenth Century_. - -[146] Francesco Bartolozzi, R.A., was an original member of the -Royal Academy, and he engraved its diploma. His rapid rise, and -his appointment to be engraver to the King at £300 a year, were -disturbing to Sir Robert Strange, who treated him with misplaced -contempt. “Let Strange beat that if he can,” exclaimed Bartolozzi, -on executing his “Clytia.” Unfortunately he was improvident, and -his studio became a manufactory of facile chalk studies, to many of -which he put only the finishing touches. After a brilliant career -in England, he went to Lisbon, where he was knighted, and died -there in 1815, in his 88th year. - -[147] John Hinchliffe (1731-94), the son of a livery-stable -keeper in Swallow Street, was born in Westminster, and educated -at Westminster School. He was consecrated Bishop of Peterborough, -Dec. 17, 1769. He bought some of Smith’s youthful imitations of -Rembrandt and Ostade. A note on Sherwin will be found under 1782. - -[148] In 1781, Mary Robinson (1758-1800), known as “Perdita,” -had ceased to be the mistress of the Prince of Wales, afterwards -George IV., whose bond for £20,000, never paid, was exchanged for -the pension of £500 a year awarded her by Fox in 1783. She was -portrayed by Reynolds twice, and by Romney, Gainsborough, Hoppner, -Zoffany, and twice by Cosway. - -The original name of Mrs. Robinson’s family had been M’Dermott, -which had been changed by an ancestor to Darby. Mrs. Darby had -brought up her daughter under difficult circumstances. Obliged -to earn her own living during her husband’s absence in America, -she started a ladies’ boarding school in Little Chelsea, in which -the future “Perdita” (as we learn from her autobiography) taught -English literature to the daughters of the well-to-do citizens, and -read to them “sacred and moral lessons on saints’ days and Sunday -evenings.” The “high personage” referred to in this paragraph is of -course the Prince, in whom Richard Cosway, the courtly miniaturist, -found a lavish patron. - -[149] Anticipating, on a higher scale, Dickens’s servant-girl -bride, who, on stepping into a hackney-coach after the ceremony, -“threw a red shawl, which she had, no doubt, brought on purpose, -negligently over the number on the door, evidently to delude -pedestrians into the belief that the hackney-coach was a private -carriage” (_Sketches by Boz_). - -[150] Smith’s first master, John Keyse Sherwin, had been a pupil of -Bartolozzi. In his studio in St. James’s Street, he was patronised -by the Duchesses of Devonshire and Rutland, Lady Jersey, and other -ladies of rank, many of whom were eager to figure in his drawing -of “The Finding of Moses,” in which the Princess Royal appeared as -Pharaoh’s daughter. He was a wonderfully skilful portrait artist: -“I have often seen him,” says Smith, “begin at the toe, draw -upwards, and complete it at the top of the head in a most correct -and masterly manner. He had also an extraordinary command over the -use of both his hands.” He was an irregular worker, however, and -debt and dissipation helped to kill him at the age of 39. - -The sitting given to Sherwin by Mrs. Siddons took place soon after -her re-appearance at Drury Lane Theatre, the beginning of her real -fame, October 10, 1782. After opening with Isabella in Garrick’s -version of _The Fatal Marriage_, she played Euphrasia in _The -Grecian Daughter_. - -[151] William Henderson, a collector, lived at No. 33 Charlotte -Street, Fitzroy Square, where he was the neighbour of Constable. - -[152] Mathews’ collection, the formation of which had been the -passion of his later years, was not dispersed. It consisted almost -entirely of portraits, and on these he is said to have laid out -about £5000. For their accommodation the younger Mathews built a -special gallery for his father at Ivy Cottage, Kentish Town, from -a design by Pugin. In gratifying his tastes, Mathews found that -he had sacrificed his privacy to sight-seers; the rural cottage -in which he had sought peace became a show-place. The collection -ultimately passed to the Garrick Club. - -[153] Apparently Smith refers to his will, as it then existed; but, -as a matter of fact, he left no will. On his death, letters of -administration were granted to his widow, the value of his estate -being only £100. The second of the two witnesses was doubtless John -Pritt Harley. See note, p. 321. - -[154] John Charles Crowle of Fryston Hall, Wakefield, lawyer -and antiquary, was a member of the Dilettanti Society, and its -Secretary, 1774-78. He was a noted joker and boon companion, and -left a tangible proof of his interest in art and antiquity in the -illustrated and interleaved copy of Pennant’s _History of London_ -which he bequeathed to the British Museum. He died in 1811. - -[155] Rats’ Castle is described by Smith in his _Nollekens_ as “a -shattered house then standing on the east side of Dyot Street, and -so called from the rat-catchers and canine snackers who inhabited -it, and where they cleaned the skins of those unfortunate stray -dogs who had suffered death the preceding night.” Nollekens -obtained models for his Venuses from Mrs. Lobb, an elderly lady in -a green calash, at the Fan Tavern in Dyot Street. This street was -named after Richard Dyot, a parishioner of St. Giles-in-the-Fields. -“The name was changed to George Street in consequence of a filthy -song which attained wide popularity, but the original name was -restored in 1877” (Wheatley). - -[156] This inscription appears to be incorrect. An editorial -note to the 1845 (second) edition of the _Rainy Day_ points out -that this well-known beggar died April 25, 1788, and that the -_Gentleman’s Magazine_ recorded his death thus: “In Bridewell, -where he was confined a second time as a vagrant, the man known by -the name of Old Simon, who for many years has gone about this city -covered with rags, clouted shoes, three old hats upon his head, -and his fingers full of brass rings. On the following day, the -Coroner’s Inquest sat on his body, and brought in their verdict, -‘Died by the visitation of God.’” - -[157] Dr. John Gardner, a well-known character, erected his tomb in -the churchyard of St. Leonard’s, Shoreditch, some years before his -death, and inscribed it: - - DR. JOHN GARDNER’S LAST AND BEST BEDROOM, - -but finding that he was assumed to be already dead, and that his -practice as a worm-doctor in Norton Folgate was declining, he -interpolated the word “intended” thus: - - DR. JOHN GARDNER’S INTENDED LAST AND BEST BEDROOM. - -A correspondent of _Notes and Queries_, Aug. 25, 1860, wrote: “I -remember him well; a stout, burly man with a flaxen wig: he rode -daily into London on a large roan-coloured horse.” It was said -that he was buried in an erect position by his own wish. Gardner’s -tombstone is still carefully preserved, and is a curiosity of -the Hackney Road, whence the inscription can be read through the -churchyard railings. It now runs: - - 1807 - - Dr. John Gardner’s - Last and best Bedroom - Who departed this life the 8th - Of April, 1835, in his 84th year. - Also are here Interred two of His - Sons and Two of His Granddaughters. - -[158] “Funeral Weever”: John Weever (1576-1632), poet and -antiquary; author of _Ancient Funeral Monuments_, 1631. - -[159] “I know not whether Mrs. Nollekens was of Lord Monboddo’s -opinion, that men originally had tails; but I could have informed -her that it has been asserted that the species of monkeys that -have no tails are more inclined to show tricks than those that -have.”--(Smith.) - -[160] The antiquary, and correspondent of White of Selborne. He -joined this year (1783) the club founded by Johnson at the Essex -Head in Essex Street, Strand. - -[161] Mrs. Nollekens was Mary, second daughter of Mr. Saunders -Welch, the police magistrate. Her flightiness and parsimony are -Smith’s endless sport in his Life of her husband, and he was -willing to believe that her character resembled that of Pekuah, the -favourite attendant of the princess, in _Rasselas_. Miss Hawkins -says in her _Anecdotes_, that Johnson drew Pekuah from Mary Welch, -and that she had this from Anne Welch. In any case, the Doctor -found “Pekuah’s” vivacity agreeable. Smith relates: “I have heard -Mr. Nollekens say that the Doctor, when joked with about her, -observed, ‘Yes, I think Mary would have been mine, if little Joe -had not stepped in.’” - -[162] “The name of Norman was so extensively known, that I consider -it hardly possible for many of my readers to be ignorant of his -fame; indeed, so much was he in requisition, that persons residing -out of Town would frequently order the carriage for no other -purpose than to consult Dr. Norman as to the state of Biddy’s -health, just as people of rank now consult Partington or Thompson -as to the irregularities of their children’s teeth” (Smith: -_Nollekens_). - -[163] George Keate was a man of miscellaneous talent. His -best-known literary works are his serio-comic poem “The Distressed -Poet” (1787), and his “Account of the Pelew Islands from the -Journal of Captain Henry Wilson.” He enjoyed the friendship of -Voltaire at Geneva, and was careful that the world should know it. -In her _Early Diary_, Miss Burney gives a good portrait of Keate -as she met him “at the house of six old maids, all sisters, and -all above sixty.” She found him a “sluggish” conversationalist who -aimed continually at making himself the subject of discussion, -“while he listened with the greatest nonchalance, reclining his -person upon the back of his chair and kicking his foot now over, -and now under, a gold-headed cane.” - -[164] This dealer probably bought dog-skins. “The dexterous of all -dentists” may be explained by the following passage in Smith’s -_Vagabondiana_ (1817): “It is scarcely to be believed that some few -years ago a woman of the name of Smith regularly went over London -early in the morning, to strike out the teeth of dead dogs that had -been stolen and killed for the sake of their skins. These teeth she -sold to bookbinders, carvers, and gilders, as burnishing tools.” - -[165] The Last Supper was one of many religious subjects which -the Quaker artist painted for his uncritical patron, George III. -It was a transparent painting, and was let into the east window, -which was structurally altered for its accommodation; but it was -long ago removed, and the window restored. It is a commonplace -that West’s powers lagged far behind his ambition. “Twenty years -after his death,” says Mr. E. T. Cook, “some of his pictures, for -which he had been paid 3000 guineas, were knocked down at a public -sale for £10; and such of his pictures as had been presented to -the National Gallery have now been removed to the provinces.” -West’s work for George III. is represented by seventeen paintings -in the Queen Anne’s Drawing-Room at Hampton Court. These include -“Hannibal Swearing never to make Peace with Rome,” “The Death of -Epaminondas,” “The Death of General Wolfe” (a picture of some -value), “The Final Departure of Regulus from Rome,” etc. - -[166] Richard Wyatt of Egham was a well-known amateur, and the -patron of John Opie. He married Priscilla, daughter of John Edgell -of Milton Place, and had three sons and four daughters. - -[167] Anne, or Nancy, Parsons is supposed to have been the daughter -of a Bond Street tailor. She lived under the protection of a Mr. -Horton, a West India merchant, with whom she went to Jamaica. On -her return she lodged in Brewer Street, and, after living with -Duke of Dorset and others, became the mistress of the Duke of -Grafton. Junius bitterly says: “The name of Miss Parsons would -hardly have been known if the first Lord of the Treasury had not -led her in triumph through the Opera House, even in the presence of -the Queen. When we see a man act in this manner, we may admit the -shameless depravity of his heart, but what are we to think of his -understanding?” Ultimately Nancy Parsons married Charles, second -Viscount Maynard. - -[168] Sir Richard Colt Hoare, second baronet (1758-1838), began -life in the family bank, but, being made independent of business, -he married a daughter of William Henry, Lord Lyttelton, and devoted -himself to travel, study, and his art collections. He completed -histories of ancient and modern Wiltshire, and smaller works, and -was an excellent example of the wealthy antiquary. - -[169] George Huddesford (1749-1809) was an artist in early life, -studying under Reynolds; in middle life he took to scribbling, -and showed a turn for satire. A collected edition of his works -appeared in 1801, entitled: “The Poems of George Huddesford, M.A., -late Fellow of New College, Oxford. Now first collected, including -Salmagundi, Topsy-Turvy, Bubble and Squeak, and Crambe Repetita, -with corrections and original additions.” - -[170] These verses begin-- - - “In Liquorpond-street, as is well known to many, - An Artist resided who shaved for a penny. - Cut hair for three-halfpence, for three pence he bled, - And would draw, for a groat, every tooth in your head. - - What annoy’d other folks never spoil’d his repose, - ’Twas the same thing to him whether stocks fell or rose; - For blast and for mildew he car’d not a pin, - His crops never fail’d, for they grew on the chin.” - -[171] Henry Kett (1761-1825) was a frequent subject of caricatures. -The learned Thomas Warton’s comment on his “Juvenile Poems” was-- - - “Our Kett not a poet! - Why, how can you say so? - For if he’s no Ovid - I’m sure he’s a Naso.” - -From his long face he was known as “Horse” Kett, and, enjoying the -joke, he would say that he was going to “trot down the ‘High.’” - -[172] George Stubbs, A.R.A., the great horse-painter of the -eighteenth century. He painted sixteen race-horses, including -Eclipse, for the _Turf Review_. His physical strength was such -that he was said to have carried a dead horse up three flights -of stairs to his dissecting attic. His “Fall of Phaeton” was -popular, and showed him capable of great things. Many of Stubbs’s -finest pictures are now in the possession of the King, the Duke of -Westminster, Lord Rosebery, and Sir Walter Gilbey, who has produced -an important work on his life and art. Stubbs lived for forty years -at 24 Somerset Street, Portman Square. - -[173] Woodforde was a dull but correct painter of historical -subjects. He died at Ferrara. - -[174] In Horwood’s map of London, of 1799, Orange Court is seen -behind the King’s Mews. - -[175] Miss Pope lived in Great Queen Street for forty years. -Among her friends she was known as Mrs. Candour, from her playing -that character, and from her habit of taking the part of any -person spoken against in company. “I never heard her speak ill of -any human being.… I have sometimes been even exasperated by her -benevolence,” says James Smith, who writes delightfully about her -in his Memoirs. Churchill sang her praises-- - - “See lively Pope advance in jig and trip, - Corinna, Cherry, Honeycombe, and Snip.” - -The actress did not die in Great Queen Street, but at 17 Michael’s -Place, Brompton, July 30, 1818. - -[176] General John Burgoyne (1722-92) took part in the War of -Independence, and surrendered with 5000 men at Saratoga on October -15, 1777. After a term as Commander-in-Chief in Ireland, he gave -rein to his literary tastes, and wrote, among other plays, his -delightful comedy, _The Heiress_. He died at No. 10 Hertford -Street, August 4, 1792. - -[177] It stood in Charlotte Street, looking east along Windmill -Street. Robert Montgomery, of “Satan” memory, became minister of -this chapel in 1843. - -[178] Mrs. Mathew, wife of the Rev. Henry Mathew, of Percy Chapel, -was famous for her assemblies at her house, No. 27 Rathbone Place, -and her encouragement of artists. Here were seen Mrs. Barbauld, -Mrs. Chapone, Mrs. Carter, the translator of Epictetus, and Mrs. -Edward Montagu. Mrs. Mathew “was so extremely zealous in promoting -the celebrity of Blake, that, upon hearing him read some of -his early efforts in poetry, she thought so well of them as to -request the Rev. Henry Mathew, her husband, to join Mr. Flaxman -in his truly kind effort in defraying the expense of printing -them” (Smith: _Nollekens_). Mr. Mathew consented, and wrote the -“advertisement” for the volume, which was entitled _Poetical -Sketches, by W. B._, and bore the date 1783. Not a few of the old -houses in Rathbone Place remain, with their ground floors turned -into shops. In these or similar houses lived Nathaniel Hone, R.A., -who died here in 1784; Ozias Humphry, R.A., at No. 29; E. H. -Bailey, the sculptor; and Peter de Wint. - -[179] Smith’s prediction was strikingly borne out at the sale of -the Earl of Crewe’s collection of the productions of Blake, held -at Sotheby’s rooms March 30, 1903. The _Illustrations of the Book -of Job_, containing twenty-two engravings, twenty-one original -designs in colours, and a portrait of Blake by himself, was keenly -contested. Bidding began at £1500, and ended at £5600, at which -price the _Job_ passed to Mr. Quaritch. Blake’s original inventions -for Milton’s “L’Allegro” and “Il Penseroso” brought £1960, and all -the remaining sixteen lots fetched high prices. - -[180] Edward Oram, son of Old Oram, assisted Philip James De -Loutherbourg, R.A., in the management of the Drury Lane scenery and -stage effects. “Old” William Oram, “of the Board of Works,” was -Surveyor to that body. He was much employed in panel decoration. - -[181] John Ker, third Duke of Roxburgh, the book collector.--Sir -John Fleming Leicester, first Baron de Tabley (1762-1827), was -a patron of artists, and a good draughtsman. The public were -freely admitted to his collection of British pictures at his -house at 24 Hill Street, Berkeley Square.--Mr. Richard Bull was a -well-known figure at the print sales and a subscriber to Smith’s -publications.--Anthony Morris Storer, an ardent collector and -“Graingeriser,” extra-illustrated Grainger’s _Biographical History -of England_, and left the work to Eton College. A rather candid -sketch of Storer is drawn by Rev. J. Richardson in his entertaining -_Recollections of the Last Half Century_.--A note on Dr. Lort -will be found elsewhere.--Mr. Haughton James, F.R.S., was born in -Jamaica; he became a member of the Dilettanti Society in 1763.--Mr. -Charles John Crowle and Sir James Winter Lake, Bart., so frequently -mentioned by Smith, are the subjects of other notes. - -[182] In this list of Smith’s patrons the following are of -interest:--The “beautiful Miss Towry” was Anne, daughter of Captain -George Phillips Towry, R.N., commissioner of victualling, who -became the wife of Lord Ellenborough, afterwards Lord Chief Justice -of England, Oct. 17, 1782. Her beauty was so great that passers-by -would linger to watch her watering the flowers on the balcony of -their house in Bloomsbury Square. Lady Ellenborough bore thirteen -children, and, surviving her husband many years, died in Stratford -Place, Oxford Street, Aug. 16, 1843, aged 74. Her portrait was -painted by Reynolds. - -Mr. Douglas was James Douglas, author of _Nenia Britannica, a -Sepulchral History of Great Britain_. As a youth he helped Sir -Ashton Lever to stuff birds for his museum. His abilities in -painting were considerable, and we owe to him a full-length -portrait of Captain Grose. His _Travelling Anecdotes_ is an -interesting book. - -By “Mr. Chamberlain Clark” Smith means Mr. Richard Clark, but he -antedates his title of City Chamberlain, to which post he was -appointed only in 1798; he held it until 1831, and was Lord Mayor -in 1784. - -Dr. Joseph Drury was Headmaster of Harrow for twenty years, -1785-1805. He will always be remembered as Lord Byron’s headmaster. - -John Wigston figures in Smith’s notes under the year 1796 as a -patron of Morland. - -Information concerning Captain Horsley and the Boddams will be -found in Robinson’s _History of Enfield_. - -Mr. Henry Hare Townsend was the owner of Bruce Castle, which he -sold in 1792; it was afterwards occupied by Rowland Hill, who -brought hither his school, disciplined on the “Hazlewood” system, -before he became a public man and the founder of penny postage. - -The Mr. Samuel Salt, whose name comes last in Smith’s list of -his patrons, is no other than Charles Lamb’s Samuel Salt of -the Inner Temple. “July 27. At his chambers in Crown Office -Row, Inner Temple, Samuel Salt, Esq., one of the benchers of -that hon. society, and a governor of the South Sea Company” -(_Gentleman’s Magazine_, July 1792).--Lawrence Sterne, at whose -burial he assisted, was laid in the St. George’s (Hanover Square) -burial-ground, facing Hyde Park, March 22, 1788. Sterne’s grave is -well kept. - -[183] The formation of Virginia Water was carried out at the -instance of the Duke of Cumberland, as Ranger of Windsor Forest. -Thomas Sandby, his Deputy Ranger, lived in the Lower Lodge, -where he was soon joined by his brother Paul, the eminent -water-colourist. The construction of the Virginia Water occupied -him for several years, but it was completed long before the birth -of Smith. The works were entirely destroyed by a storm in September -1768, and Smith witnessed in this year, 1785, only the finishing -touches to the then reconstructing lake. - -[184] In 1796, the Feathers Tavern, on the east side of the square, -made way for Charles Dibdin’s “Sans Souci” theatre, in which he -gave a single-handed entertainment. Here he produced his song, “My -Name d’ye see’s Tom Tough.” - -[185] The wealthy and talented “Athenian” Stuart (1713-88) had his -sobriquet from his journey to Athens, and his account of Greek -architecture embodied in _The Antiquities of Athens Measured and -Delineated_, compiled by himself and his fellow-traveller, Nicholas -Revett, and completed by Newton and Reveley. Hogarth satirised -Stuart’s first volume (1762) in his print, “The Five Order of -Perriwigs as they were worn at the Late Coronation, measured -Architectonically.” - -[186] Samuel Scott, whose paintings, “Old London Bridge,” “Old -Westminster Bridge,” and a “View of Westminster,” are in the -National Gallery, was one of Hogarth’s companions in the famous -“Tour,” described in Gostling’s verses. - - “Sam Scott and Hogarth, for their share, - The prospects of the sea and land did.” - -Scott’s portrait by Hudson is in the National Gallery. - -[187] See note, p. 98. - -[188] Luke Sullivan engraved several of Hogarth’s works, and among -them his “Paul before Felix” (now in Lincoln’s Inn), to which he -sat as model for the angel. He was a handsome, dissipated Irishman, -and lodged at the “White Bear” in Piccadilly. His etching of the -“March to Finchley” is superb. Ireland says that Hogarth had -difficulty in keeping him at work on this plate. Sullivan was -destroyed by his habits, and died prematurely. - -[189] Francis Grose (1731-91), the famous antiquary, humorist, and -spendthrift, who is immortalised by Burns-- - - “A chield’s amang you takin’ notes, - And, faith, he’ll prent it.” - -[190] Valuable as this book certainly was for a number of years, it -is now superseded by the elaborate work produced by Dr. Meyrick [_A -Critical Inquiry into Ancient Armour_, by Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick, -1824], an inestimable and complete treasure to the historian, the -artist, and the stage.--S. - -[191] Thomas Hearne (1744-1817) belonged to that group of artists -whose tinted topographical drawings initiated water-colour. He -died in Macclesfield Street, Soho, April 13, 1817, and was buried -in Bushey churchyard by Dr. Monro, Turner’s “good doctor” of the -Adelphi, who used to set Turner and Girtin to make drawings for him -in the Adelphi at the price of “half a crown apiece and a supper.” - -[192] See note on Mr. Baker, p. 115. - -[193] Henry Edridge, A.R.A. (1769-1821), was born in Paddington, -established himself as a portrait painter in Dufour’s Place, -Golden Square, in 1789, and died in Margaret Street, Cavendish -Square. He was the friend and pupil of Thomas Hearne, and, like -him, was buried in Bushey churchyard by the benevolent Dr. Monro. -The British Museum Print Room has pencil portraits by Edridge, and -three of his sketch-books.--William Alexander (1761-1816) preceded -Smith as Keeper of the Prints and Drawings in the British Museum. -He was a skilful water-colourist, and the Print Room has his -original sketches for the illustrations in the officially published -_Ancient Terra-cottas_ and _Ancient Marbles_, dealing with the -Museum collections.--Edmunds was an upholsterer in Compton Street, -Soho. - -[194] The elephant was Chunee, the “Jumbo” of the Georgian era. -Smith writes of his arrival under 1785, but it was not until 1809 -that he and Mr. Baker could have seen Chunee coming from the -docks. This famous elephant stood eleven feet in height, and was -the attraction at Mr. Cross’s menagerie until March 1826, when his -death was ordered. Chunee’s carcass was valued at £1000. Lord Byron -must have seen Chunee when he “saw the tigers sup” in 1813, and -Thomas Hood’s lament on his death is well known. Exeter Change, -which stood at the Strand end of Burleigh Street, did not long -survive its elephant: in April 1829 it was sold out of existence by -George Robins. - -[195] Abraham Langford (1711-74), the most fashionable auctioneer -of his day, had his rooms in the Piazza, Covent Garden. He was -buried in St. Pancras churchyard, and identical laudatory verses -were cut on both sides of his tombstone-- - - “His spring was such as should have been, - Adroit and gay, unvexed by Care or Spleen, - His Summer’s manhood, open, fresh, and fair, - His Virtue strict, his manners debonair,” etc. - -Foote satirised Langford in _The Minor_ as Smirke (not Puff) the -auctioneer, who raises a Guido from “forty-five” to “sixty-three -ten” by declaring that “it only wants a touch from the torch of -Prometheus to start from the canvas.” - -[196] Samuel Paterson (1728-1802), originally a stay-maker, became -a bookseller, and about 1753 opened auction rooms in what remained -of Essex House, which stood much on the site of Devereux Court, -Essex Street. He afterwards removed to Covent Garden. He would -have succeeded better in business had he been less fond of reading -the books he sold. He was the first auctioneer who sold books in -lots.--Hassell Hutchins, the auctioneer of King Street, Covent -Garden, died in 1795. - -[197] It was George Michael Moser (1704-83) who made the historic -interruption: “Stay, stay, Toctor Shonson is going to say -something.” Born at Schaffhausen, he rose from cabinet-making (in -Soho) and the chasing of watch-cases and cane heads, to be the -First Keeper of the Royal Academy. Sir Joshua Reynolds pronounced -him the first gold-chaser in the kingdom. He enamelled trinkets for -watches with so much skill as to set a fashion, and it was said -that George II. once ordered him a hat full of money for some of -his works. Moser lived in Craven Buildings, which have lately been -demolished to make way for Aldwych and Kingsway. He died, however, -in his official keeper’s residence at Somerset House. - -[198] John Millan had a bookshop at Charing Cross for more than -fifty years. Richard Gough, the antiquary, frequented Millan’s -shop, which he describes as “encrusted with Literature and -Curiosities like so many stalactitical exudations.” Behind sat “the -deity of the place, at the head of a Whist party.” - -[199] Johnson’s letter to Sir Joshua Reynolds on behalf of young -Paterson was dated June 2, 1783; his three letters to Ozias -Humphrey, April 5, April 10, and May 31, 1784. He asks Humphrey to -allow the boy to frequent his studio and see him paint. The Doctor -had chosen good teachers for the youth. “Humphrey’s miniatures, -before those of any other, remind us of the excellences and -graces of Reynolds” (Redgrave: _A Century of Painters_, i. 421). -Humphrey had himself been greatly encouraged in his youth by -Reynolds, who said to him: “Born in my country, and your mother a -lace-maker!--why, Vandyck’s mother was a maker of lace,” and he -lent him some of his pictures to copy. - -[200] Richard Gough (1735-1809), the antiquary whose _British -Topography_, _Sepulchral Monuments_, translation of Camden’s -_Britannia_, and other works, are in every great library. The -_Britannia_ occupied him seven years, and his investigations led -him all over the country. It is said that during the seven years in -which he was translating it he remained so accessible to his family -at Enfield, that no member of it was aware of his undertaking. He -was esteemed by Horace Walpole, who, however, often made a jest of -his antiquary mind. Thus: “Gough, speaking of some Cross that has -been renowned, says ‘there is now _an unmeaning market-house_ in -its place.’ Saving his reverence and our prejudices, I doubt there -is a good deal more _meaning_ in a market-house than in a cross” -(Letter to Rev. W. Cole, Nov. 24, 1780). - -[201] There were four Basires in direct succession. Smith refers to -the second in the line, James Basire (1730-1802), the illustrator -of _Vetusta Monumenta_. He compares him unfavourably with William -Woollett (1735-85) and John Hall (1739-97), but it is not clear -that West despised Basire, who, indeed, engraved his _Pylades and -Orestes_. - -[202] Dr. Lort was Librarian, not Chaplain, to the Duke of -Devonshire. He moved in the Johnson set. For nineteen years he -held the Rectory of St. Matthew’s, Friday Street, in which church -(now demolished) there was a tablet to his memory. He died at 6 -Savile Row, Nov. 5, 1790, after a carriage accident at Colchester. -A water-colour portrait of him, by Sylvester Harding, is in the -British Museum Print Room. In her diary Madam D’Arblay gives an -entertaining picture of Dr. Lort as he appeared in the Thrale -circle at Streatham, where on one occasion he talked against -Dr. Johnson to his face without, it seems, any tragic results. -“His manners,” she says, “are somewhat blunt and odd, and he is -altogether out of the common road, without having chosen a better -path.” - -[203] Old Cole, _i.e._ William Cole (1714-1782), was pronounced -by Horace Walpole an “oracle in any antique difficulties.” The -two travelled France together. Cole, who for many years was -in Holy Orders, had filled forty folio volumes with notes on -Cambridgeshire, concerning which he wrote to Walpole: “They are -my only delight--they are my wife and children.” He earned such -nicknames as Old Cole, Cole of Milton (where he lived), and -Cardinal Cole (from his leanings to Romanism). Cole’s “wife and -children” are now in the British Museum MSS. Department. - -[204] The Rev. Dr. Isaac Gossett was proud of his long series of -priced catalogues. Every bookseller knew his fad for milk-white -vellum. So keen a bibliophile was Gossett, that an illness which -kept him from the sale of the Pinelli collection vanished when he -was given permission to inspect one of the volumes of the first -Complutensian Polyglot Bible of Cardinal Ximenes, on vellum, and in -the original binding. Dr. Gossett died in Newman Street, December -16, 1812, and was buried in Old Marylebone cemetery. - -[205] Edward Cocker (1631-7?), writing master and arithmetician, is -referred to in the phrase “according to Cocker.” The _Dictionary of -National Biography_ gives 1675 as the date of his death, but Mr. -Wheatley (_London Past and Present_) quotes the Register of Burials -at St. George the Martyr’s, Southwark: “Mr. Edward Cocker, Writing -Mr. Aug. 26, 1676.” - -[206] The wine and wit of Caleb Whitefoord (1734-1810) were both -good. Smith reports Mrs. Nollekens as saying: “My dear Mrs. -Pardice, you may safely take a glass of it, for it is the last -of twelve which Mr. Caleb Whitefoord sent us as a present; and -everybody who talks about wine should know his house has ever been -famous for claret.” Smith, who often acidulates his ink, suggests -that Whitefoord’s little presents and constant attendance on the -Nollekens’ household showed the covetous collector rather than the -kindly man. Burke, who thought meanly of Whitefoord’s services as -secretary of the Commission for concluding peace with America, -described him as a “diseur de bons mots.” Goldsmith mourns his -wasted abilities in his “Retaliation”-- - - “Here Whitefoord reclines, deny it who can; - Tho’ he merrily lived, he is now a grave man. - What pity, alas! that so lib’ral a mind - Should so long be to Newspaper Essays confin’d! - … - Whose talents to fit any station were fit, - Yet happy if Woodfall confessed him a wit.” - -Whitefoord’s Cross Readings of the newspapers--a form of humour -that has been revived somewhat recently--delighted the town in -1766; Goldsmith envied him the idea, and Johnson praised his -pseudonym--“Papyrius Cursor.” The following are specimens of these -Cross Readings:-- - - “Yesterday Dr. Pretyman preached at St. James’s-- - And performed it with ease in less than sixteen minutes” - - “Several changes are talked of at Court-- - Consisting of 9050 triple bob-majors.” - - “Sunday night many noble families were alarmed-- - By the constable of the watch, who apprehended them at cards.” - -The wealthy wine-merchant and art lover lived to be the patron in -David Wilkie’s painting, “The Letter of Introduction.” He died in -Argyll Street, and was buried in the churchyard of St. Mary’s, -Paddington, where lie Nollekens, Mrs. Siddons, Haydon, and many -others of note. - -[207] Captain William Baillie’s copies of Rembrandt’s etchings -are still bought--by the simple--in the print-shops. The captain -quitted the 18th Light Dragoons in 1761, and joined the Covent -Garden Colony of artists. He knew everybody. Henry Angelo heard him -say that for more than half a century he had passed his mornings -in going from one apartment to another over the Piazza. His works, -which have now little value, were issued by Boydell in 1792, and -re-issued in 1803. One of his exploits, mentioned by Redgrave, -was to purchase for £70 Cuyp’s fine “View of Dort” and convert it -into two separate pictures called “Morning” and “Evening,” which -were afterwards piously purchased for £2200 and reunited. Captain -Baillie died Dec. 22, 1810, aged eighty-seven, at Lisson Green, -Paddington. He was for many years a commissioner of Stamp Duties. - -[208] Edwards’ _Anecdotes of Painters_ is a useful little -supplement to Walpole’s larger work. He was buried in old St. -Pancras churchyard, now a recreation ground, where his name, -however, does not appear on the memorial erected by the Baroness -Burdett-Coutts to those whose graves were obliterated. His portrait -in chalk is in the Print Room. - -[209] Mr. George Baker, the lace-man, died in St. Paul’s Churchyard -in 1811. He compiled “A Catalogue of Books, Poems, Tracts, and -small detached Pieces, printed at the Press at Strawberry Hill, -belonging to the late Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford,” 4to. Twenty -copies only were printed, and were distributed in May 1811. Mr. -Baker made a lifelong hobby of print-collecting, and his Hogarths, -Woolletts, and Bartolozzis were scarcely surpassed. - -[210] Woodhouse’s pictures and drawings were sold in 1801; the -catalogues are in the British Museum. - -[211] Joseph Musgrave, Esq., was a subscriber to Smith’s -_Antiquities of Westminster_. - -[212] “The most _acid_ of all Manningtree’s evil and jealous-minded -spirits, originally held in the service of that famous -witch-finder-general, Matthew Hopkins” (Smith).--Hopkins, after -bringing old women to execution as witches, was himself “swum” -and hanged in 1647 for witchcraft. “Vinegar Tom” was one of the -“imps” which a one-legged beggar woman named Elizabeth Clarke was -persuaded by Hopkins to declare was under her control. Hopkins had -originally been a lawyer at Manningtree. - -[213] Samuel Wodhull, who lived wealthily in Berkeley Square, is -best remembered for his translation of Euripides (1774-82), the -first complete rendering of the Greek tragedian in English. He was -buried at Thenford, his native place, in Northamptonshire. - -[214] Thomas Worlidge (1700-66), a skilful etcher after Rembrandt, -and illustrator of a book on antique gems, was nicknamed -“Scritch-Scratch.” He is said to have had thirty-three children -by his three marriages. He lived in the famous house in Great -Queen Street (now divided and numbered 55-56) in which Reynolds -had been the pupil of Thomas Hudson, and which now bears a tablet -proclaiming it one of the homes of Sheridan. - -[215] After Rawle’s death, his effects were sold at Hutchins’, -Covent Garden, where this Charles the Second wig was bought by -Suett, the actor, who, says Smith, “to prove to the company that it -would suit him better than his harum-scarum opponent, put it upon -his head, and, thus dignified, went on with his biddings, which -were sometimes sarcastically serious, and at others ludicrously -comic. The company, however, though so highly amused, thought it -ungenerous to prolong the biddings, and therefore one and all -declared that it ought to be knocked down to him before he took -it off his head. Upon this Suett immediately attempted to take it -off, but the ivory hammer, with the ruffled hand of the auctioneer, -after being once flourished over his head, gave it in favour of -the eccentric comedian.” Suett appeared in this wig in Fielding’s -_Tom Thumb_, and we are told that “sick men laughed themselves well -to see him peeping out of the black forest of hair.” Finally this -wonderful wig was lost in the fire which destroyed the theatre -at Birmingham. Mrs. Booth, the mother of the actress, was met by -Suett, and all he said was: “Mrs. Booth, my wig’s gone.” - -[216] Rawle died November 8, 1789 (_Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1789). - -[217] From the _Public Advertiser_, July 12, 1774: “Miniature -Painting.--Mr. Beauvais, well known at Tunbridge Wells to several -of the nobility and gentry for taking a striking likeness, either -in water colours or India ink. Miniature pictures copied by him -from large pictures, to any size, and pictures repaired if damaged. -He also teaches, by a peculiar method, Persons of the least -capacity to take a Likeness in India Ink, or with a black lead -pencil, in a short time. To be spoke with at Mr. Bryan’s, the ‘Blue -Ball,’ St. Martin’s Street, Leicester Fields, from eleven to one -o’clock.” - -[218] “A most facetious, fat gentleman,” is Henry Angelo’s -description of Mr. Mitchell, the wealthy partner in the bank -of Hodsol & Company, and the unstinting patron of Rowlandson. -Mitchell lived in Beaufort Buildings, in the Strand, which two -years ago were demolished for the extension of the Savoy Hotel. -Here the worthy banker loved to gather round him such choice -spirits as Thomas Rowlandson, John Nixon, and Thomas Wolcot (Peter -Pindar). “Well do I remember,” says Henry Angelo, “sitting in -this comfortable apartment, listening to the stories of my old -friend Peter Pindar, whose wit seemed not to kindle until after -midnight, at the period of about his fifth or sixth glass of -brandy and water. Rowlandson, too, having nearly accomplished his -twelfth glass of punch, and replenishing his pipe with choice -Oronooko, would chime in. The tales of these two gossips, told in -one of those nights, each delectable to hear, would make a modern -Boccaccio.” - -[219] William Packer of Great Baddow, and of Charlotte Street, -Bloomsbury, was many years in the brewery of Combe, Delafield, & -Company in Castle Street, Long Acre. This brewery was the nucleus -of Watney, Combe, Reid, & Co.’s present establishment. - -[220] John Henderson (1747-85) was known as the “Bath Roscius” -from his success at Bath under John Palmer. After a great career -at Drury Lane, he died at his house in Buckingham Street, Adelphi, -November 25, 1785, it was said from a poison accidentally given to -him by his wife. In addition to his Hogarths, he collected books -relating to the drama. His library was described by the auctioneer -who dispersed it as “the completest assemblage of English dramatic -authors that has ever been exhibited for sale in this country.” It -contained many books of crimes and marvels. - -[221] John Ireland (died 1808) must not be confounded with the -Shakespearian impostor. He was brought up to watchmaking in Maiden -Lane. With Henderson he frequented the Feathers Tavern in Leicester -Fields, and he wrote the actor’s biography. He is best known by his -_Illustrations to Hogarth_, published by Boydell, and containing -his portrait by Mortimer as frontispiece to the third volume. - -[222] The employee is better remembered than the employer. William -Seguier (1771-1843), topographical landscape-painter and picture -restorer, was appointed Keeper of the Royal Pictures by George IV. -He was also the first director of the National Gallery. Haydon -pays him this tribute: “June 19, 1811. Seguier called, on whose -judgment Wilkie and I so much rely. If Seguier coincides with us we -are satisfied, and often we are convinced we are wrong if Seguier -disagrees.” - -[223] Carlo Antonio Delpini, the best clown of his day, played at -Drury Lane and Covent Garden. He devised many stage mechanisms for -pantomimes. In 1783 he arranged a masquerade at the Pantheon in -celebration of the coming of age of the Prince of Wales, from whom -in his old age he received a gift of £200. Delpini, we are told, -had a presentiment that he should not die till the year “eight,” -which was realised, for he died in the year 1828, at the age of -88. He was born in the parish of St. Martin, at Rome, and drew his -last breath in the parish of St. Martin, London (to be precise, in -Lancaster Court, Strand). - -[224] John Palmer (1742-98), the original Joseph Surface, was -known off the stage as Jack Plausible. Once, in patching up a -quarrel with Sheridan, he said: “If you could see my heart, Mr. -Sheridan,” and was answered, “Why, Jack, you forget I wrote it.” -The Royalty Theatre, at which Smith hoped to be employed by him, -was the ill-starred house in Well Street, in St. George’s in the -East. The opposition of the great theatres caused its degeneration -to a house for pantomimes and concerts. Palmer fell into debt and -into Surrey Gaol. Nevertheless he appeared at Drury Lane as late as -1798. He is described by Charles Lamb as “a gentleman with a slight -infusion of the footman,” for which reason “Jack in Dick Amlet was -insuperable.” Palmer died on the stage. His last uttered words, -spoken in _The Stranger_, are said to have been: “There is another -and a better world,” but this has been disputed: it is contended -that the words really uttered by him as he fell were those in the -fourth act: “I left them at a small town hard by.” - -[225] Just forty years after Smith’s visit, in 1869, a -correspondent of _Notes and Queries_ had the curiosity to make a -similar journey of discovery. He found only one of the dolphin -knockers remaining, that on the door of No. 6. In June 1903 I found -that this had gone the way of all men and knockers, but I am told -it was there up to the early nineties. The neighbourhood can still -show a few door-knockers of ancient types. There are old lion’s -head-and-ring knockers in Gunpowder Alley and Hind Court. At No. 3 -Red Lion Court is a good knocker, into which is introduced a bat -with outstretched wings. The old knocker of No. 9 Bell’s Buildings, -Salisbury Square, is adorned with the figure of a naked boy playing -on a pipe. There is a fine example of a dolphin knocker at 25 Queen -Anne’s Gate. - -[226] The Garrat mock elections have often been described. Garrat -was a rural spot between Wandsworth and Tooting. A committee -organised to protect the village common from encroachments -developed into a roaring municipal farce which was repeated after -every General Election. The publicans of the southern villages -willingly subscribed to the carnival, and reaped handsome profits; -while Foote spread the fame and vogue of the elections by his farce -_The Mayor of Garrat_. A mock knighthood was given, as a matter of -course, to each mayor on his election. The first recorded mayor -was Sir John Harper, a retailer of brick-dust, and the next, the -most famous of all, Sir Jeffery Dunstan, a humorous vagabond whose -ostensible trade was in old wigs. He was constantly portrayed, or -used as the basis of caricature. In one print he is seen standing -on a stool, asking “How far is it from the first of August to -Westminster Bridge?” “Sir Jeffery” used his tongue with great -freedom, and the authorities were so destitute of humour as to -arrest him and obtain his imprisonment. The next Mayor of Garrat -was Sir Harry Dinsdale. He was born in Shug Lane, Haymarket, in -1758, and appears to have haunted the Soho neighbourhood, for he -married a woman out of St. Anne’s workhouse. He died in 1811. - -[227] It must have been from his house No. 37, on the north -side of Gerrard Street, now a restaurant, but retaining its old -appearance and marked by a commemorative tablet, that Burke went to -Westminster Hall on May 10, 1787, to impeach Warren Hastings. Of -Burke’s life in Gerrard Street we have no nearer glimpse than that -given by Smith. - -[228] General John Money (1752-1817) was one of the earliest of -English aeronauts. It was in an ascent from Norwich, July 22, 1785, -that he was carried out to sea, where he “remained for seven hours -struggling with his fate” before he was rescued.--Philip Reinagle, -R.A. (1749-1833), was an animal, landscape, and dead game painter. -Examples of his landscape work are at South Kensington. - -[229] The Charles Greville here referred to was an early patron of -Lawrence at Oxford, when the artist was a mere boy; also of Romney, -whose portrait of Wortley Montague, the eccentric pseudo-Turk, he -both bought and copied. - -[230] Sir William Hamilton (1730-1803), who married Emma Hart, -Nelson’s Lady Hamilton, was a keen archæologist, and made a -magnificent collection of Greek vases, which he sold to the British -Museum. He purchased the Barberini, or “Portland,” vase from Byres, -the architect, and sold it for 1800 guineas to the Duchess of -Portland, in the sale of whose property it was bought by the family -in 1829 for £1029. On February 7, 1745, after its acquisition by -the British Museum (Montagu House), it was wantonly broken in -pieces by a visitor named William Lloyd, who was sentenced to a -fine or imprisonment. The fine was paid anonymously. - -[231] Smith’s little present to Sir George Beaumont is the more -interesting to us, because of that painter’s well-known love of -brown, and his dictum that “there ought to be at least one brown -tree in every landscape.” Beaumont’s name is inseparably associated -with the National Gallery, and also with Wordsworth’s noble poem on -his picture of Peele Castle in a Storm, containing the lines-- - - “Ah! then if mine had been the painter’s hand - To express what then I saw; and add the gleam, - The light that never was on sea or land, - The consecration, and the Poet’s dream,-- - - I would have planted thee, thou hoary pile, - Amid a world how different from this! - Beside a sea that could not cease to smile; - On tranquil land, beneath a sky of bliss.” - -[232] Henry Salt, the great traveller and British consul-general in -Egypt. He sold antiquities to the British Museum, and had dealings, -resulting in a quarrel, with Belzoni. - -[233] Smith evidently refers to the plan affected by Alexander -(not the greater John Rosher) Cozens, of throwing a blot, and then -working it into a landscape composition. - -[234] Smith expresses himself rather oddly here, for he married -only once, his wife being Anne Maria Prickett, who, after a union -of forty-five years, was left his widow. - -[235] Sir James Winter Lake, Bart., a man of wealth and culture, -compiled “Bibliotheca Lakeana” (a catalogue of his library) in -1808, and “British Portraits and Historical Prints, collected by J. -W. L.” in the same year. His extra-illustrated _Granger’s History_ -extended to forty large folio volumes. - -Lady Lake is mentioned in one of the many amusing dialogues -recorded by Smith in his _Life of Nollekens_. Panton Betew, the -silversmith of Old Compton Street, Soho, talking to Nollekens of -their common memories, says: “Ay, I know there were many very -clever things produced there (at Bow); what very curious heads -for canes they made at that manufactory! I think Crowther was the -proprietor’s name; he had a very beautiful daughter, who is married -to Sir James Lake. Nat. Hone painted a portrait of her, in the -character of Diana, and it was one of his best pictures.” - -[236] Smith’s general meaning is plain, but I cannot with -confidence explain the reference to Tooley Street. It may -be no more than a slightly contemptuous way of referring to -villa-building tradesmen (nobodies, like the three Tooley Street -tailors) who at that time were building their Camomile Cottages in -the country. - -[237] The part of Major Sturgeon, J.P., “the fishmonger from -Brentford,” was played by Foote in his own comedy, _The Mayor of -Garratt_ (1763). Sturgeon brags: “We had some desperate duty, Sir -Jacob … such marchings and counter-marchings from Brentford to -Ealing, from Ealing to Acton, from Acton to Uxbridge. Why, there -was our last expedition to Hounslow; that day’s work carried off -Major Molassas.”… Zoffany painted Foote in this character. - -[238] Elizabeth Canning (1734-73), a domestic servant in -Aldermanbury, startled London in 1753 by the circumstantial -story she told of her capture in Moorfields, and her subsequent -imprisonment and ill-treatment at Enfield by “Mother Wells” and -a gipsy woman, Mary Squires. After Squires had been condemned -to death, and Wells had been burned in the hand, the case was -revised, with the result that Squires was pardoned and her accuser -transported for perjury. The affair, which had originally come -before Henry Fielding, the novelist, at Bow Street, aroused an -incredible amount of feeling in London. - -[239] _The Merry Devil of Edmonton_ was for long carelessly -attributed to Shakespeare. Mr. Sidney Lee, in his _Shakespeare’s -Life and Work_, says: “It is a delightful comedy … but no sign of -Shakespeare’s workmanship is apparent.” - -[240] Thomas King (1730-1805) was a clever comedian. His stage -career in London lasted fifty-four years. In November 1789 he -played the part of Sir John Trotley in Garrick’s _Bon Ton, or -High Life above Stairs_. “His acting,” says Charles Lamb, “left -a taste on the palate sharp and sweet as a quince; with an old, -hard, rough, withered face, like a john-apple, puckered up into -a thousand wrinkles; with shrewd hints and tart replies.” The -prologue of _Bon Ton_ has these lines:-- - - “Ah! I loves life, and all the joys it yields-- - Says Madam Fussock, warm from Spital-fields. - Bone Tone’s the space ’twixt Saturday and Monday, - And riding in a one-horse chair o’ Sunday! - ’Tis drinking tea on summer afternoons - At Bagnigge-Wells, with China and gilt spoons! - ’Tis laying by our stuffs, red cloaks, and pattens, - To dance _Cow-tillions_, all in silks and sattins!” - -[241] Skelton says of Eleanor Rumming-- - - “She breweth noppy ale, - And maketh thereof fast sale - To travellers, to tinkers. - To sweaters, to swinkers, - And all good ale-drinkers.” - -The woman kept an alehouse at Leatherhead, which, it is thought, -Skelton may have visited when staying with his royal master at -Nonsuch Palace. It has been claimed, however, on interesting -evidence, that her alehouse was “Two-pot House,” between Cambridge -and Hardwicke. (See _Gentleman’s Magazine_, Nov. 1794, and -_Chambers’ Book of Days_ under June 21.) - -[242] This passage in St. Martin’s Lane was built by a Mr. May, -who lived in a house of his own design in St. Martin’s Lane. Here -Smith himself lived at his father’s house, the Rembrandt Head, No. -18, for some years; the house is now absorbed in Messrs. Harrison’s -printing establishment. I have found no trace of Hartry, the -valiant cupper, but only of a dentist of that name, who may have -been his son. - -[243] John Adams, teacher of mathematics, published _The -Mathematician’s Companion_ (1796). “The following use was made -of Hogarth’s plates of the Idle and Industrious Apprentices, by -the late John Adams, of Edmonton, schoolmaster. The prints were -framed and hung up in the schoolroom, and Adams, once a month, -after reading a lecture upon their vicious and virtuous examples, -rewarded those boys who had conducted themselves well, and caned -those who had behaved ill” (Smith: _Nollekens_). - -[244] Samuel Ireland was father of William Henry Ireland, who -forged Shakespearean MSS. and put forward the spurious play -_Vortigern_. In his well-known _Graphic Illustrations of Hogarth_ -he proves himself rather “a snapper-up of unconsidered trifles than -a contributor of serviceable information” (Austin Dobson: _William -Hogarth_: enlarged ed. 1898). This work must not be confused with -John Ireland’s _Hogarth Illustrated_. - -[245] Perhaps it was an ordnance map mistake. “On the south side -of Nag’s Head Lane, near Ponder’s End, is a deep well, probably -the brick conduit noted in Ogilby’s roads 1698, and known by the -name of Tim Ringer’s Well (King’s Ring Well, 2076 in the ordnance -map), which was formerly considered infallible as a remedy for -inflammation of the eyes” (Hodson and Ford: _History of Enfield_, -1873). - -[246] Durance, or Durants, was visited by James I. when it was the -home of Sir Henry Wroth, to whom Ben Jonson wrote his lines-- - - “How blessed art thou, canst love the country, Wroth - … - And though so near the City and the Court, - Art ta’en with neither’s vice or sport.” - -Wroth’s executors sold the manor to Sir Thomas Stringer, who -married a daughter of Judge Jeffreys. - -[247] “But above all, I must not forget the Tulip Tree, the largest -and biggest that ever was seen; there being but one more in Great -Britain (as I am informed), and that at the Lord Peterborough’s. -It blows with innumerable flowers in the months of June and July” -(John Farmer: _History of Waltham Abbey_). - -[248] Known as Cheshunt House or the Great House. When Smith -visited it in 1791, it had been much modernised. There is no -evidence, says Thorne (_Environs of London_), that the o’er great -Cardinal ever lived there. Ten years after Smith’s visit, the Rev. -Charles Mayo pulled down the larger part of the building in order -to repair the remainder. After his time it remained desolate and -neglected. - -[249] Cornelius Janssen (1590-1665) is best remembered for his -portrait of Milton as a boy, engraved in the first volume of -Professor Masson’s Life of the poet. His original portrait of Sir -Hugh Myddelton, now in the committee room of the Goldsmiths’ Hall, -represents the great engineer with his left hand resting on a conch -from which a stream of water gushes; over this are inscribed the -words: “Fontes Fondinæ.” This portrait was presented to the Company -by Lady Myddelton. - -[250] Robert Lemon, the archivist. He discovered Milton’s “De -Doctrina Christiania,” and gave assistance to Sir Walter Scott. - -[251] Sir Robert Strange was engraver to Prince Charles. His -distinguished career was chequered by his political sympathies, -and by his bitter criticism of the Royal Academy, in consequence, -partly, of its exclusion of engravers. Knighted by George III. -(after he had engraved West’s apotheosis of the three royal -children), he died in his last London home in Great Queen Street, -July 5, 1792. See note, p. 82. - -[252] The bill of which Smith gives particulars is quoted in -full by William Hookham Carpenter in his _Pictorial Notices of -Sir Anthony Van Dyck_ (1844). “It is more than probable that the -account had been submitted to the supervision of Bishop Juxon, who, -by the influence of Archbishop Laud, was appointed to the office of -Lord Treasurer in 1635, which he held till 1641; and Anthony Wood -tells us ‘he kept the King’s purse when necessities were deepest, -and clamours were loudest.’” Vandyke had from Charles, in addition -to payments against pictures, an annuity of £200 a year and houses -at Blackfriars and Eltham. - -[253] On February 23. After lying in state in the Royal Academy, -the remains of Sir Joshua Reynolds were interred, on Saturday, -March 3, in the crypt of St. Paul’s Cathedral, near the -resting-place of Sir Christopher Wren. The pall was borne by ten -peers, and the Archbishop of York took part in the service. - -[254] Burke’s tribute had appeared in the _Annual Register_. - -[255] Lieut.-Colonel Molesworth Phillips, whose career links Dr. -Johnson to Charles Lamb, was the companion of Captain Cook on his -last voyage. His marriage in 1782 to Susannah Elizabeth, daughter -of Dr. Charles Burney, and sister of Fanny Burney, brought him -into the Johnson set. He escorted Miss Burney to Westminster Hall -to hear Warren Hastings on his defence. Lamb, recalling his old -whist-playing friends in his “Letter of Elia to Robert Southey,” -names him as “the high-minded associate of Cook, the veteran -Colonel, with his lusty heart still sending cartels of defiance to -old Time.” He died in 1832. - -[256] Mrs. Cholmondeley, who appears several times in Boswell’s -_Life_, was a younger sister of Peg Woffington, and the wife of the -Hon. and Rev. George Cholmondeley. - -[257] “Sheridan had very fine eyes, and he was very vain of them. -He said to Rogers on his deathbed, ‘Tell Lady Besborough that my -eyes will look up to the coffin-lid as brightly as ever.’” - -[258] The Old Bun House at Chelsea flourished for nearly a century -and a half, and yielded a livelihood to four generations of the -same family. In its best days it was the resort of royalty and -rank. Queen Charlotte presented Mrs. Hand with a silver mug, -containing five guineas. The shop had a pleasant arcaded front, -and, besides buns, offered its customers the sight of a number -of curiosities. As many as fifty thousand people would assemble -here on Good Friday mornings, and it is clear that Mrs. Hand had -reason to issue her curious notice. The site of the Bun House and -its garden is on the north side of the Pimlico Road, between Union -Street and Westbourne Street. The name of Bunhouse Place, at the -back, commemorates the establishment, which disappeared in 1839. - -The danger of a mob assembling outside a London bun-shop on Good -Friday morning has passed away. Mr. Henry Attwell sadly observed, -in _Notes and Queries_, April 28, 1900, that “the last Good Friday -of the nineteenth century” found the hot-cross bun degenerated -from a spiced bun (“the spice recalling to the few who cared about -its religious suggestiveness the embalming of our Lord”) into a -vulgarised currant bun marked with deep indentures for convenience -of division, instead of the old slight cross in which there was a -touch of mystery. - -[259] Roger L’Estrange, the pamphleteer and miscellaneous writer -(1616-1704), was deprived of his office of surveyor and licenser of -the press in 1688. - -[260] _The First Book of Architecture_, first published in English -in 1668. - -[261] Then Montagu House. “I apprehend,” says Smith, in his -_Antient Topography of London_, “that the custom of inlaying, or -tesselating, wooden floors commenced in England in the reign of -King Charles the First, and ended in that of Queen Anne. I have -secured patterns of four such floors: two belonging to the reign -of Charles the First, and two to that of Charles the Second. No. 1 -is from that part of Whitehall lately inhabited by the Duchess of -Portland. No. 2 is from Somerset House. Nos. 3 and 4 are from the -present old gallery and waiting-room in the Marquis of Stafford’s -house in Cleveland Row.” - -[262] One of the first exhibitors before the establishment of the -Royal Academy (S.). Keyse opened Bermondsey Spa in 1770, and in -1780 obtained a music licence. His greatest bid for public favour -was a farewell representation of the Siege of Gibraltar. The -present Spa Road crosses the site of the gardens, which were closed -about 1805. - -[263] See note, p. 269. - -[264] George Adams (died 1773) and his son George (died 1796) were -mathematical instrument makers to George III. A book by the father -on Terrestrial Globes was supplied with a dedication to the King -by Dr. Johnson.--Peter Dollond (1730-1820) was second in the line -of opticians. He was succeeded by his nephew, George Huggins, who -assumed the name of Dollond. - -[265] A critic wrote: - - “Keyse’s mutton - Show’d how the painter had a strife - With nature, to outdo the life.” - -Keyse’s realism had been anticipated by such painters as Jordaens -and Snyder, whose butcher’s meat remains painfully juicy in the -galleries of Brussels and Antwerp. - -[266] “Mrs. Wrighten had a vivacious manner and a bewitching smile, -and her ‘Hunting Song’ was popular” (Wroth: _London Pleasure -Gardens_). - -[267] Captain Edward Topham (1751-1820), after a brilliant -regimental career in the Horse Guards, gave himself up to fashion -and drama. He produced several plays, and in 1787 founded the -_World_, a scurrilous daily paper, which brought him into the law -courts. In Rowlandson’s well-known _Vauxhall_, the foremost figure -in the crowd is an elderly beau, standing bolt upright, and defying -through his glass the stare of a gaudy female of mature years who -has found another cavalier. This is Captain, afterwards Major, -Topham. He wrote the life of Elwes, the miser. - -[268] Jonas Blewitt, who died in 1805, lived at Bermondsey, -near the Spa Gardens, for which he wrote many songs. He wrote a -_Treatise on the Organ_, and must not be confused with his son, the -better-known Jonathan Blewitt, the musical director of the Surrey -Theatre. - -[269] Jonathan Battishill (1738-1801), composer, organist of Christ -Church, Newgate Street, and St. Clement’s, Eastcheap, first became -known by his music to the song “Kate of Aberdeen.” His anthems were -sung in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and he set many of Charles Wesley’s -hymns to music. - -[270] Smith underlines _Joseph_ to distinguish him from his -better-known brother, James Caulfield, who was the author and -printseller, and the publisher of much “Remarkable Persons” -literature. Joseph Caulfield was a musical engraver, and a capable -teacher of the pianoforte. He lived in Camden Town. - -[271] John Montagu, fourth Earl of Sandwich (1718-92), “was the -soul of the Catch Club, and one of the Directors of the Concert of -Ancient Music, but he had not the least real ear for music, and -was equally insensible of harmony and melody” (Charles Butler’s -_Reminiscences_). It was his treachery to Wilkes that gave -Lord Sandwich his popular nickname, Jemmy Twitcher, taken from -Macheath’s words in the _Beggar’s Opera_: “That Jemmy Twitcher -should peach me, I own surprised me.” - -[272] About the year 1770 Battishill wrote this glee in a -competition for a gold medal offered by the Noblemen’s Catch Club. - -[273] Smith had been Morland’s fellow-student at the Royal Academy, -and they had frequently walked home together. Among his innumerable -addresses, Morland had several in the Fitzroy Square region. - -[274] Otter’s Pool was a country house at Aldenham, Herts, -afterwards for many years the seat of Sir James Shaw Willes, the -judge of common pleas. - -[275] Surrey Chapel is now occupied by a large machinery firm. -Rowland Hill used to say, in allusion to its octagonal form, that -he liked a round building because there were no corners for the -devil to hide in. Here he won the devotion of his congregation and -the esteem of the many distinguished people who came to hear him. -Sheridan said: “I go to hear Rowland Hill because his ideas come -red-hot from the heart.” Dean Milner said to him, “Mr. Hill! Mr. -Hill! I felt to-day ’tis this slap-dash preaching, say what they -will, that does all the good.” He died at his house in Blackfriars -Road, April 11, 1833, aged 88, and was buried in a vault under his -pulpit. - -[276] This fanatical advocate of Charles the First’s execution (at -St. Margaret’s, Westminster) was one of the regicides executed in -1660. - -[277] Smith is nowhere mentioned by Lamb, and other evidence of -their acquaintance is wanting. - -[278] George Frost (1754-1821) is remembered as the intimate friend -of Constable. Smart was John Smart (1740-1811), the miniature -painter. He died in London. - - “His genius lov’d his Country’s native views; - Its taper spires, green lawns, or sheltered farms; - He touch’d each scene with Nature’s genuine hues, - And gave the _Suffolk_ landscape all its charms.” - -[279] Smith had evidently asked Constable to ascertain for him the -exact date of Gainsborough’s birth. This is still uncertain: it -took place in Sepulchre Street, Sudbury, at the end of April or -beginning of May 1727. He was baptized on 14th May of that year in -the Independent meeting-house in Sudbury. - -[280] James Gubbins was a subscriber to Smith’s _Remarks on Rural -Scenery_ (1797), a volume of etchings of cottage and rural scenes -around London. One of its drawings represents a squatter’s shanty -in Epping Forest, bowered in trees, and is entitled “Lady Plomer’s -Palace on the summit of Hawke’s Hill Wood, Epping Forest.” - -[281] The Minories drawing referred to by Constable was Smith’s -etching in his _Antient Topography_ of the north and east walls of -the Convent of St. Clare, the remains of which were destroyed by -fire on March 23, 1797. Only a year before, Mr. John Cranch (the -C----h of Constable’s letter) had presented Smith with a sketch of -the convent. Constable, therefore, refers to the swift supersession -of Cranch’s sketch by Smith’s drawing after the fire. - -[282] Elizabeth Pope died on 15th March of this year, aged 52. -The funeral to the Abbey was met everywhere by great crowds. -Her abilities had not been dimmed by those of Garrick, Mrs. -Siddons, and Miss Farren, and her private life was blameless. The -resemblance she bore to Lady Sarah Lennox was such that George -III., seeing her act late in her career, exclaimed to his queen, -“She is like Lady Sarah still.” There is a fine story of her -parting with Garrick. On June 8, 1776, his last appearance but one, -when he was playing Lear to her Cordelia, Garrick said to her with -a sigh: “Ah, Bess! this is the last time of my being your father; -you must now look out for someone else to adopt you.” “Then, -sir,” she exclaimed, dropping on her knees, “give me a father’s -blessing.” Garrick, deeply touched, raised her, and said, “God -bless you!” - -[283] Nevertheless Pope married two more wives. His most lasting -affections appear to have been set on table delicacies. Once, when -Kean asked him to act with him at Dublin, and take a benefit there, -he declined, saying: “I must be at Plymouth at the time; it is -exactly the season for mullet.” He maintained that there was but -one crime: peppering a beef-steak. - -[284] Pope had begun life as a crayon portrait painter in his -birthplace, Cork. A highly finished water-colour portrait of Henry -Grattan, from his hand, is in the British Museum Print Room. - -[285] Francis Cotes, born in Cork Street, 1725, was a foundation -member of the Royal Academy, and famous for his crayon portraits. -He built himself a house in Cavendish Square (No. 32), in which -Romney afterwards lived for twenty-one years, followed by Sir -Martin A. Shee. It was demolished in 1904. The British Museum has -four portrait subjects by Cotes in crayon. He is poorly represented -in the National Gallery by a small portrait of Mrs. Brocas. - -[286] Benjamin Green, born at Halesowen, became a drawing-master -at Christ’s Hospital, and member of the Incorporated Society of -Artists. He published many topographical plates, and engraved the -illustrations in Morant’s _History and Antiquities of the County of -Essex_ (1768). His drawings of Canonbury Tower and Highbury Barn -are in the British Museum Print Room. He died about 1800. - -[287] The Right Honourable James Caulfield, first Earl of -Charlemont (1728-99), distinguished himself in Ireland politically; -in London he mixed with the Reynolds and Johnson set and was a -member of the Dilettanti Club. In the college at St. Andrews, which -Johnson and Boswell playfully imagined might be staffed by members -of the Literary Club, Lord Charlemont was assigned the chair of -modern history, and it was on Lord Charlemont that Boswell, Burke, -Sir Joshua Reynolds, and others laid the task of bringing Dr. -Johnson’s conversational powers into play by asking him whether a -ludicrous statement in the newspapers that he was taking dancing -lessons from Vestris was true. - -[288] Thomas Cheesman, who had been pupil to Bartolozzi, engraved -“The Lady’s Last Stake, or Picquet, or Virtue in Danger,” after -Hogarth. He lived, successively, at 40 Oxford Street, 71 Newman -Street, and 28 Francis Street. His portrait, by Bartolozzi, is in -the National Portrait Gallery. - -[289] Sir Lawrence Parsons (1758-1841), afterwards Earl of Rosse. -Like Lord Charlemont, he was opposed to the Union, and twelve -days after the date of this letter he moved in the Irish House of -Commons an address to the Crown to expunge a paragraph in favour of -the Union. This was carried by a majority of five votes. - -[290] Had James Barry possessed no more than a tithe of the suavity -of Reynolds or West, his career would have been more fortunate. In -vain Burke, his best friend, pointed out that his business was to -paint, not to dispute. He used his chair of painting at the Royal -Academy to vilify the members to the students. In 1799 the climax -arrived, and the Academicians resolved on his expulsion. The King -consented, and the following entry appears in the records: “I -have struck out the adjoining name, in consequence of the opinion -entered in the minutes of the Council, and of the General Meeting, -which I fully approve. April 23, 1779.--G. R.” No work of Barry’s -is in the National Gallery, but he has an enduring memorial in -his six great paintings in the hall of the Society of Arts, John -Street. Here he finally lay in state among his works--as Haydon -said, “a pall worthy of the corpse.” - -[291] John Brand (1744-1806), the excellent historian of -Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and author of the _Popular Antiquities_. He -came to London in 1784, to fill the rectory of St. Mary-at-Hill. In -the same year he was appointed Resident Secretary of the Society of -Antiquaries, but he continued to discharge his duties in the City, -and died there, suddenly, in his rectory. He was buried in the -chancel of his church. - -[292] The publication Flaxman indicates, and to which he wishes -to subscribe, is Smith’s important “Antiquities of Westminster, -the old Palace, St. Stephen’s Chapel (now the House of Commons).… -Containing two hundred and forty-six engravings of topographical -subjects, of which one hundred and twenty-two no longer remain.” - -The reduction of the thickness of the side walls of St. Stephen’s -Chapel from three feet to one foot gave additional four feet to -the width of the chamber. So soon as the wainscotting was removed, -it was seen that the walls were adorned with beautiful paintings -of scriptural and historical subjects. The discovery excited great -interest, both on account of the antiquity of the paintings, which -were found to date from Edward III., and the fact that they were -painted in oils and were consequently among the earliest specimens -of that class of painting. Smith obtained permission to copy them. -He began work each morning, as soon as it was light, and was -followed so closely by the workmen that they sometimes demolished -in the afternoon the painting he had copied in the morning. This -task occupied him for six weeks. These valuable drawings are -engraved and coloured in the _Antiquities of Westminster_. - -[293] Edward Hussey Delaval (1729-1814) of Seaton-Delaval, -Northumberland, the chemist, has a claim on the remembrance of -Londoners. In 1769 he and Benjamin Franklin were commissioned to -report to the Royal Society on the best means of protecting St. -Paul’s from lightning. Parliament Stairs, where his house stood, -was at the west end of the present Houses of Parliament, giving -access to the river from Abingdon Street. Delaval, who traced his -descent from the Conqueror’s standard-bearer at Hastings, died -here, aged 85. - -[294] Parliament Stairs were open several months in the summer for -the accommodation of those gentlemen of Westminster School, who -practise the manly and healthy exercise of rowing; the key was held -by Mr. Tyrwhitt, whose servants regularly opened and closed the -gates night and morning.--S. - -[295] John Carter, F.R.S. (1748-1817), is airily described by -Michael Bryan as “a harmless and inoffensive drudge.” He was -employed by the Society of Antiquaries, and by Horace Walpole and -others. His chief work, _The Ancient Architecture of England_, -occupied him many years. Carter was enthusiastically musical, but -the two operas on which he ventured are forgotten. - -[296] Richard Bentley, only son of Dr. Bentley, the Master of -Trinity. He designed beautiful illustrations for Walpole’s -_edition-de-luxe_ of six of Gray’s poems, including the _Elegy_, -and gave much assistance in the architectural treatment of -Strawberry Hill. Walpole was under no delusion about their joint -experiments in Gothic. “Neither Mr. Bentley nor my workmen had -_studied_ the science,” he wrote to Thomas Barrett (June 5, 1788); -“my house therefore is but a sketch for beginners.” - -[297] George Arnald (1763-1841) is represented in the National -Gallery by one pleasing landscape, hung in Room XX., “On the Ouse, -Yorkshire.” Some of his London subjects are reproduced by Smith in -his _Westminster_. His “View of the Palace and Abbey,” painted in -1803, just excludes Delaval’s house on the left.--George Francis -Joseph, A.R.A. (1764-1846), was a well-known portrait painter in -his day. He is represented in the National Gallery by portraits of -Spencer, Perceval, and Sir Stamford Raffles, and in the British -Museum Print Room by a water-colour portrait of Charles Lamb, -engravings from which appear in many editions of Lamb’s works. - -[298] John Ker, third Duke of Roxburgh (1740-1804), one of the -greatest of book-collectors, lived at No. 11 St. James’s Square. -Smith’s epithet “the late” appertains to the time at which he wrote -this passage. - -[299] The case of Colonel Joseph Wall was remarkable for the -culprit’s twenty years’ evasion of justice. His crime was the -murder of a soldier while he was Lieutenant-Governor of Goree, -in Senegambia, in 1782. The command of the fort at Goree was an -inferior appointment, usually given to some claimant who stood -in no great favour with the War Minister, and the troops of the -garrison were commonly regiments in disgrace. Wall exercised -his authority with great cruelty, and in 1782 punished Benjamin -Armstrong, a sergeant, with a wilful severity which resulted in his -death. Aware of the nature of his action, Wall fled to France. He -then came to England, and was tried by court-martial for cruelty; -but the proceedings hung fire, and he went to reside at Bath. He -was re-arrested in 1784, but escaped to the Continent. Finally, in -1797, he wrote to the Home Secretary, offering to stand his trial -for murder. He was tried, and sentenced to death, and, though the -likelihood of a reprieve seemed great, was hanged outside Newgate, -January 28, 1802. - -[300] The _Gentleman’s Magazine_ records that Dr. Forde, the -Ordinary of Newgate, was “a very worthy man, and was much and -deservedly esteemed by the City magistrates, who, on his retirement -from office, settled on him an annuity which provided for the -comforts of his latter days.” Dr. Forde no doubt satisfied the City -authorities, but the Parliamentary Committee which investigated the -state of the prison in 1814 reported: “Beyond his attendance in -chapel, and on those who are sentenced to death, Dr. Forde feels -but few duties to be attached to his office. He knows nothing -of the state of morals in the prison; he never sees any of the -prisoners in private; … he never knows that any have been sick -till he gets a warning to attend their funeral; and does not go to -the infirmary, for it is not in his instructions.” Dr. Forde was -succeeded by the Rev. Mr. Cotton, who first officiated August 8, -1814. - -[301] Maria Cosway, wife of Richard Cosway, the miniaturist. - -[302] Black Boy Alley was notorious in the eighteenth century, and -at one time was infested by a gang who drowned their victims in the -Fleet River. No fewer than twenty-one were executed at once, after -which the humour of the neighbourhood called the place Jack Ketch’s -Common. In 1802, and earlier, Black Boy Alley was the scene of a -weekly display of badger-baiting. - -[303] In the eighteenth century, Epping sent butter and sausages to -the London market, but the industry declined long ago. - -[304] Pie Corner was at the Smithfield end of Giltspur Street, -a short distance north from the Old Bailey. “A very fine dirty -place,” is D’Urfey’s description of this spot, where the Great Fire -of London ended. It was long famous for its greasy cook-shops. - -[305] In his _Nollekens_ Smith puts the same jibe into the mouth of -John Hamilton Mortimer, the painter. “Mortimer made Dr. Arne, who -had a very red face with staring eyes, furiously angry by telling -him that his eyes looked ‘like two oysters just opened for sauce -put upon an oval side-dish of beet-root.’” - -[306] Peter Coxe, an auctioneer, and the author of a poem in -four cantos called “The Social Day,” published in 1823. He wrote -also “The Exposé, or Napoleon Buonaparte unmasked in a Condensed -Statement of his Career and Atrocities” (1809). His emollient -has escaped my search. Coxe was one of a long line of well-known -men who lived in the middle one of the three houses into which -Schomberg House, Pall Mall, was divided. He died in 1844. - -[307] This generous woman, better known under the lawful title -of Lady Hamilton, when I showed her my etching of the funeral -procession of her husband’s friend, the immortal Nelson, fainted -and fell into my arms; and, believe me, reader, her mouth was equal -to any production of Greek sculpture I have yet seen (S.).--Smith’s -etching was entitled, “An Accurate View (drawn and etched by J. T. -Smith, Engraver of the _Antiquities of London and Westminster_) -from the house of W. Tunnard, Esq., on the Bankside, adjoining the -Scite of Shakespeare’s Theatre, on Wednesday the 8th January 1806, -when the remains of the great Admiral Lord Nelson were brought from -Greenwich to Whitehall.” - -[308] - - “The Fair One, whose charms did the Barber enthral, - At the end of Fleet Market of fish kept a stall: - As red as her cheek no boil’d lobster was seen, - Not an eel that she sold was as soft as her skin.” - - THE BARBER’S NUPTIALS. - -[309] From _The Wife’s Trial_, Lamb’s dramatic version of Crabbe’s -_Confidant_. See Mr. Lucas’s _Works of Charles and Mary Lamb_, vol. -v. p. 257. - -[310] All previous relic-selling at Newgate was, however, eclipsed -by the sale held in the partly demolished prison on Wednesday, 4th -February 1903. The following account appeared in the _City Press_ -of 7th February:-- - -“In its way, probably, the sale which Messrs. Douglas Young & Co. -conducted in the middle of the week, within the gloomy precincts -of crime-stricken Newgate, was the most unique and memorable of -its kind ever held. Crowds of the curious and speculative were -naturally attracted to the fortress prison site. - -“Interest more particularly hovered around the old toll bell, with -its famous loyal inscription, and solid ton of metal. The hour was -late when the lot (No. 188 in the catalogue) was reached, but that -circumstance did not in any way detract from the briskness of the -bidding. Starting at £30, the offers rapidly mounted; and, finally, -the prized souvenir of many a tragic decade passed into the hands -of Mr. Richardson (acting as agent for Madame Tussaud’s) for the -exact sum of £100. The old flagstaff, whence the black flag was -hoisted immediately after an execution had taken place, fell to -the enterprise of Mr. Fox, a Cape gentleman, who, for 11½ guineas, -has ensured that in future the Union Jack shall flutter in South -African breezes from its fateful masthead. - -“The famous oak and iron-cased half-latticed door associated with -memories of Mrs. Elizabeth Fry, of philanthropic fame, went for -£20; while Sir George Chubb secured for £30, amidst some cheering, -the wonderful old massive oak and iron-bound half-latticed main -entrance door that was fixed up when the prison was rebuilt after -the Great Fire of 1666. A warder’s key-cupboard, fitted with shelf -and iron hooks--identical with the one referred to in _Barnaby -Rudge_--extracted £12, 10s. from the pockets of the bidder; while -the appointments of the condemned cells, both male and female, -realised fairly good prices--the former in particular. - -“The chapel pulpit, at £8, 10s., was a distinctly disappointing -figure; while it cannot be said that £5, 15s. was an extravagant -sum to pay for the complete equipment of the execution shed. The -taste for criminology, in the shape of the plaster casts of the -heads of nine victims of the gallows, worked out at five guineas. - -“Some of the liveliest bidding of the day took place over the -numerous lots of copper washing bowls, in which the inmates of -Newgate testified that cleanliness was next to godliness. The -lowest price realised was £2, 12s. 6d. for a set of three bowls; -while sets of four realised, on several occasions, as much as £5. -Altogether it was a sale in which monotony and curiosity singularly -intermingled, and, withal, one ever to be remembered by those who -happened to be present.” - -[311] The flying physician of the Chapter Coffee House was Dr. -William Buchan, who, in the last half of the eighteenth century, -was regularly consulted at this coffee-house in St. Paul’s Alley -by ailing bookmen. His advice frequently took this form: “Now, -let me prescribe for you. Here, John, bring a glass of punch for -Mr.----, unless he likes brandy and water better. Take that, sir, -and I’ll warrant you’ll soon be well. You’re a peg too low, you -want stimulus, and if one glass won’t do, call for a second.” His -place was in a box in the north-east corner of the room, known as -the “Wittenagemot,” where he not only prescribed, but acted as an -arbiter of debate. James Montgomery, in his _Memoirs_, describes -him as “of venerable aspect, neat in his dress, his hair tied -behind with a large ribbon, and a gold-headed cane in his hand, -quite realising my idea of an Esculapian dignitary.” - -Buchan was, indeed, a physician of repute, and his _Domestic -Medicine, or the Family Physician_, was not only the first English -work of its kind, but ran into nineteen large editions. It was said -that the publishers gave him £700 down for it, and reaped £700 a -year. In Russia and in America and the West Indies the book was -welcomed. The Empress Catherine sent the author a gold medallion -and a complimentary letter. - -To members of the Society of Friends the career of this genial -doctor is of some interest, inasmuch as at one time he was -physician to the Yorkshire branch of the Foundling Hospital at -Ackworth, an unfortunate institution which in 1779 was taken over -by this Society, to become the flourishing and historic school of -to-day. Buchan lived many years with his son at No. 6 Percy Street, -Rathbone Place, and died there February 25, 1806, aged seventy-six. -He was buried in the west cloister of Westminster Abbey, near Dr. -Richard Jebb, and Wollett, the engraver. - -[312] Flockton was for nearly half a century a showman at St. -Bartholomew’s and Sturbridge Fairs. These lines appeared on some of -his bills:-- - - “To raise the soul by means of wood and wire, - To Screw the fancy up a few pegs higher; - In miniature to show the world at large, - As folks conceive a ship who’ve seen a barge, - This is the scope of all our actors’ play, - Who hope their _wooden_ aims will not be thrown away!” - -He died at Camberwell, April 12, 1794, leaving £5000, most of which -he bequeathed to his company. An engraving of his show bears the -almost Yankee inscription, “The Only Booth in the Fair;” and on the -balustrade of the stairs to its entrance is inscribed the curiously -modern injunction, “Tumble up! tumble up!” - -[313] Honey Lane Market, famous in the eighteenth century for -its provisions, keeps its name close to Cheapside. In 1835, the -pillared and belfried market-house gave place to the City of London -School, since removed to the Thames Embankment. The “Market” is -still an odd oasis of domestic shopping in the City’s larger -operations. - -[314] This was Belzoni’s “Narrative of the Operations and Recent -Discoveries within the Pyramids, Temples, Tombs, and Excavations, -in Egypt and Nubia;--and of a--Journey to the Coast of the Red Sea, -in search of--the Ancient Berenice;--and another to--the Oasis -of Jupiter Ammon. By G. Belzoni. London:--John Murray, Albemarle -Street.--1820.” At the end of the book comes “Mrs. Belzoni’s -Trifling Account--of the--Women of Egypt, Nubia, and Syria.” - -That Belzoni, turned author, retained the physical strength of -his showman days, is shown in a story told by Dr. Smiles in his -_Memoirs of John Murray_. “Like many other men of Herculean power, -he was not eager to exhibit his strength, but on one occasion he -gave proof of it. Mr. Murray had asked him to accompany him to -the Coronation of George IV. They had tickets of admittance to -Westminster Hall, but on arriving there they found that the sudden -advent of Queen Caroline, attended by a mob claiming admission -to the Abbey, had alarmed the authorities, and who had caused -all doors to be shut. That by which they should have entered was -held close and guarded by several stalwart janitors. Belzoni -thereupon advanced to the door, and, in spite of the efforts of -these guardians, including Tom Crib and others of the pugilistic -corps who had been engaged as constables, opened it with ease, and -admitted himself and Mr. Murray.” - -[315] Dr. Robert Richardson (1779-1847) went to Egypt and Palestine -with the Earl of Belmore in 1816, and published his _Travels_ in -1822. Lady Blessington lent the book to Byron, who said: “The -author is just the sort of man I should like to have with me -for Greece--clever both as a man and a physician.” Richardson -afterwards settled in Rathbone Place. He died in Gordon Street, -Gordon Square, Nov. 5, 1847. - -[316] The creator of the Leverian Museum was the eldest son of -Sir Darcey Lever, of Alkrington, near Manchester. As a young man -he had delighted in horses and birds. His treasures had grown in -interest and numbers, until he was persuaded to turn a private -hobby into a public speculation. He hired Leicester House in 1771, -and for thirteen years maintained and increased it, at a cost of -£50,000, against which he could set only £13,000 in receipts. In -1784 he was authorised to issue 36,000 guinea tickets, of which -one was to entitle the holder to the entire museum. A proposal -for the purchase of the museum by the nation, which Dr. Johnson -favoured, came to nothing. Only 8000 tickets had been sold when -the drawing took place. The one prize, the museum, was drawn by a -Mr. Parkinson, who thus acquired for a guinea the largest general -collection in Europe, including the curiosities collected by -Captain Cook in his South Sea voyages. - -Sir Ashton Lever died suddenly in 1788, at Manchester. Meanwhile -Mr. Parkinson had built the Rotunda in Albion Place, at the -south end of Blackfriars Bridge, for the display of the “Museum -Leverianum.” The scheme failed, and in 1806 the museum was sold by -auction at King & Lochee’s rooms in King Street, Covent Garden, -the sale lasting sixty-five days. The catalogue filled 410 -octavo pages, and there were 7879 lots. The deserted “Rotunda” -at Blackfriars deteriorated until it was known to Tom Taylor as -“something very much like a penny gaff.” Taylor, by the way, tells -us that Sir Ashton Lever conceived the idea of sending a ship-load -of potatoes to the defenders of Gibraltar, and this was done. - -[317] By “this year” Smith means 1784. His note is little more -than a copy of the following newspaper paragraph of May 29, 1784, -quoted by Lewis in his _History of Islington_: “Thursday a grand -cricket-match was played in the White Conduit Fields. Among the -players were the Duke of Dorset, Lord Winchilsea, Lord Talbot, -Colonel Tarleton, Mr. Howe, Mr. Damer, Hon. Mr. Lennox, and the -Rev. Mr. Williams. A pavilion was erected for refreshments, and a -number of ladies attended.” - -John Frederick Sackville, third Duke of Dorset (1745-99), was a -member of the Hambledon Club, and of the committee which drew up -the original laws of the M.C.C. He employed several of the best -cricketers of his day, and presented Sevenoaks with a cricket -ground. As our Ambassador to France he arranged for a British -cricket eleven to play in Paris, but the Revolution disturbances -prevented the match. - -The Earl of Winchilsea (1752-1826) was also a member of the -Hambledon. He introduced four wickets, two inches higher than the -standard. “The game is then rendered shorter by easier bowling -out,” said the _Hampshire Chronicle_, but the Earl’s plan is still -a dream and a controversy. - -The Hon. Mr. Lennox is referred to in a newspaper of the period as -“nephew to his grace of Richmond,” and he and Lord Winchilsea are -described as the chief performers at White Conduit House. - -Colonel Sir Banastre Tarleton went through the War of Independence -with distinction, and lived with “Perdita” (Mary Robinson) for some -years, receiving from her much devotion. He represented Liverpool -in Parliament for twenty-two years, and attained the rank of -General. - -The White Conduit Club, of which these gentlemen were members, -has a high importance in the history of cricket, for out of it -sprang, in 1787, the Marylebone Cricket Club. “The M.C.C. Club,” -says Mr. Andrew Lang in a sketch of cricket history, “may be said -to have sprung from the ashes of the White Conduit Club, dissolved -in 1787. One Thomas Lord, by the aid of some members of the older -association, made a ground in the space which is now Dorset Square. -This was the first ‘Lord’s’.” Two removals brought the ground to -its present location in St. John’s Wood, where the first recorded -match was played, June 22, 1814. - -[318] Du Val’s Lane is now represented by Hornsey Road. It seems -to have been originally “Devil’s Lane,” but to have been popularly -re-named from Claude Duval (1643-70), the highwayman, who, like -Dick Turpin, favoured this district. Born at Domfront in Normandy, -Du Val came to England in the train of the Duke of Richmond, -and took to the road. He was famous for his gallantries to his -victims. He was captured on January 17, 1669 or 1670, in the -Hole-in-the-Wall Tavern, Chandos Street, and although intercession -was made for him by ladies of rank, he was hanged at Tyburn within -four days. The exhibition of his body at the Tangier Tavern, St. -Giles’s, drew such crowds that it had to be stopped. It is hard to -believe that Du Val was accorded a grave in the centre aisle of -Covent Garden Church, and that his epitaph began-- - - Here lies Du Vall: Reader, if male thou art, - Look to thy purse; if female, to thy heart; - -but it is so stated in the _Memoirs of Monsieur Du Val_, 1670. His -funeral, we read, “was attended with many flambeaux, and a numerous -train of mourners, whereof most were of the beautiful sex.” - -[319] Nathaniel Hillier, of Pancras Lane, merchant, died March 1, -1783, aged 76 (_Gentleman’s Magazine_). - -[320] This tea-pot passed into the possession of that eccentric -virtuoso, Henry Constantine Noel, of whom Smith gives an account -under 1818. Noel had the following extraordinary inscription -engraved on it:-- - -“We are told by Lucian, that the earthen lamp, which had -administered to the lucubrations of Epictetus, was at his death -purchased for the enormous sum of three thousand drachmas: why, -then, may not imagination equally amplify the value of this -unadorned vessel, long employed for the infusion of that favourite -herb, whose enlivening virtues are said to have so often protracted -the elegant and edifying lucubrations of Samuel Johnson; the -zealous advocate of that innocent beverage, against its declared -enemy, Jonas Hanway. It was weighed out for sale under the -inspection of Sir John Hawkins, at the very minute when they were -in the next room closing the incision through which Mr. Cruickshank -had explored the ruinated machinery of its dead master’s thorax; so -Bray the silversmith, conveyed there in Sir John’s carriage, thus -hastily to buy the plate, informed its present possessor, Henry -Constantine Noel, by whom it was, for its celebrated services, -on the 1st of November 1788, rescued from the undiscriminating -obliterations of the furnace.” - -[321] In this letter, Charles Townley, the collector of the Townley -marbles, probably refers to William Lock (1732-1810), the wealthy -connoisseur, and a friend of Madame d’Arblay. He lived at Norbury -Park, where he was hospitable to Madame de Staël. He was described -as the “arbiter, advocate, and common friend of all lovers of art.” - -[322] The “Triumph of Bacchus” was one of eight great pictures -which Rubens painted for the palace at Madrid. - -[323] Annibale Caracci was employed by Cardinal Farnese to decorate -the famous gallery that bears his name. He produced a masterly -series of frescoes. - -[324] Welbore Ellis, first Baron Mendip, was the third owner of -Pope’s Villa at Twickenham, after the poet. - -[325] “1811, Feb. 3.--In Great Ormond Street, Atkinson Bush, Esq., -in the 76th year of his age” (_European Magazine_, February 1811). - -[326] Parton’s book, _Some Account of the Hospital and Parish of -St. Giles’ in the Fields, Middlesex_ (1822), by “the late” Mr. -John Parton, gives the plan in question, but does not touch on the -matter of its authenticity. It is clear, however, that his plans -and maps are largely conjectural. - -[327] A distinction she shared with Miss Mary Moser. These are -the only women who have been members of the Royal Academy, but it -cannot be said that their talent was very exceptional. Peter Pindar -irreverently said that Mary Moser was made an R.A. for “a sublime -Picture of a Plate of Gooseberries.” - -[328] The annals of British art do not contain a more tragic story -than that of “the late” William Wynn Ryland. A man of great talent, -he was engraver to George III., and an exhibitor at the Royal -Academy; but it was his fate to be hanged at Tyburn for forging a -bond of several thousand pounds. How he presented this document in -person at the India House, is narrated by Henry Angelo as a proof -of his extraordinary self-command. - -“The cashier, on receiving the document, examined it carefully, and -referred to the ledger; then, comparing the date, observed, ‘Here -is a mistake, Sir; the bond, as entered, does not become due until -to-morrow.’ - -“Ryland, begging permission to look at the book, on its being -handed to him, observed: ‘So I perceive--there must be an error -in your entry of one day;’ and offered to leave the bond, not -betraying the least disappointment or surprise. The mistake -appearing to the cashier to be obviously an error in his office, -the bond was paid to Ryland, who departed with the money. The next -day the true bond was presented, when the forgery was discovered, -of course; and, within a few hours after, the fraud was made -public, and steps were taken for the recovery of the perpetrator. - -“This document, lately in the possession of a gentleman now -deceased, I have often seen. It is, perhaps, the most extraordinary -piece of deceptive art, in the shape of imitation, that was ever -produced.” - -A reprieve for Ryland was sought on the ground of his extraordinary -abilities, but, as was usual in cases of forgery, without success. -George III. is said to have replied: “No; a man with such ample -means of providing for his wants could not reasonably plead -necessity as an excuse for his crime.” But the artist’s petition -for a respite was both granted and renewed. He explained that he -desired no extension of life except as the means of completing -his last engraving, and so adding to his wife’s stock of plates. -The subject was Queen Eleanor sucking the poison from the arm of -her husband, Edward I., from a painting by Angelica Kauffmann. He -laboured hard on this work, and when he received the first proof -from his printer, said, “Mr. Haddril, I thank you; my task is now -accomplished.” He was hanged within a week, and his was the last -execution at Tyburn. Henry Angelo says that, like Dr. Dodd, Ryland -was allowed to proceed to Tyburn in a mourning coach. - -The story of William Blake’s prophecy of Ryland’s end is well -known. His father had intended to apprentice him to Ryland, but was -frustrated by the unaccountable attitude of the boy, who, after -they had called on the engraver at his studio, said, “Father, I do -not like the man’s face; it looks as if he will live to be hanged.” -Twelve years later came the fulfilment. Col. W. F. Prideaux -recently mentioned in _Notes and Queries_ that he possesses a -curious collection concerning Ryland’s case which was formed by the -Rev. H. Cotton, the ordinary of Newgate. It includes the original -handbill offering a reward for Ryland’s apprehension, and a drawing -of the engraver’s mother by John Thomas Smith. - -[329] In the _Dictionary of National Biography_, Miss E. T. Bradley -sums up the impressions Angelica Kauffmann made: “Goldsmith -wrote some lines to her; Garrick, whom she painted, was much -fascinated by her, and Fuseli paid addresses to her. Her most -serious flirtation, however, was with Sir Joshua Reynolds, whose -acquaintance she made directly she arrived in London. He painted -her portrait twice. She frequently visited his studio, and painted -a weak and uncharacteristic portrait of the painter, which -Bartolozzi engraved. Nathaniel Dance, whom she had met in Italy, is -also said to have been hopelessly in love with her.” - -[330] Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland, first baronet (1734-1811), met -Angelica Kauffmann in Italy, and was said to have been hopelessly -in love with her. He was an original member of the Royal Academy, -but resigned his diploma in 1790 on his marriage to Mrs. Drummer, -known facetiously as “The Yorkshire Fortune,” from her possession -of £18,000 a year. He assumed the additional name of Holland, and -sat in Parliament for Grinstead. In his time he was a capable but -stiff portrait painter, and painted full-length portraits of George -III. and his Queen. - -[331] A deed of separation was obtained from Pope Pius VI. After -the “Count’s” death, Angelica Kauffmann married in London, July -14, 1781, Antonio Pietro Zucchi, a Venetian painter who had long -lived in England, and had been employed by Adam, the architect. He -decorated Garrick’s house in the Adelphi. He died in 1795. - -[332] Thomas Pitt, first Baron Camelford, was a prominent -politician and an opponent of Lord North. At Twickenham, where he -settled in 1762, he and Horace Walpole exchanged ideas on Gothic -architecture. - -[333] Probably the well-known Dr. Bates, M.D., of Missenden, Bucks. - -[334] Willey Reveley, architect, and editor of vol. iii. of -Stuart’s _Antiquities of Athens_. - -[335] Smith’s task had been protracted by his tiresome quarrel -with his collaborator, John Sidney Hawkins. They pamphletted and -“vindicated” to their hearts’ content, but the dispute is not worth -unravelling. - -[336] Henry White, then Sacrist of Lichfield Cathedral. - -[337] George Dance, who died in 1825, was the architect of the -recently demolished Newgate Prison, also of St. Luke’s Hospital -and the Guildhall entrance façade. He was the last survivor of the -foundation members of the Royal Academy, and was buried in St. -Paul’s Cathedral. William Daniell, R.A., was well known for his -Indian and Oriental illustrations. He painted a panorama of Madras, -and another of “The City of Lucknow and the mode of Taming Wild -Elephants.” His painting, “A View of the Long Walk, Windsor,” is in -the royal collection. - -[338] Fuseli’s quaint violences of speech were many, and gained -in effect from his Swiss accent. He swore roundly, a habit which -Haydon says he caught from his friend Dr. Armstrong, the poet. He -said a subject should interest, astonish, or move; if it did none -of these, it was worth “noding by Gode.” A visitor to his imposing, -but unsuccessful, Milton Gallery of forty paintings, said to him, -“Pray, sir, what is that picture?” “It is the bridging of Chaos; -the subject from Milton.” “No wonder,” said the inquirer, “I did -not know it, for I never read Milton, but I will.” “I advise you -not, sir, for you will find it a d----d tough job.” He said, on -looking at Northcote’s painting of the angel meeting Balaam and -his ass: “Northcote, you are an angel at an ass, but an ass at an -angel.” Once, at the table of Mr. Coutts, the banker, Mrs. Coutts, -dressed like Morgiana, came dancing in, presenting her dagger at -every breast. As she confronted Nollekens, Fuseli called out, -“Strike--strike--there’s no fear; Nolly was never known to bleed.” -He recommended a sculptor to find some newer emblem of eternity -than a serpent with a tail in its mouth. The _something newer_ -(says Cunningham) startled a man whose imagination was none of the -brightest, and he said, “How shall I find something new?” “Oh, -nothing so easy,” said Fuseli; “I’ll help you to it. When I went -away to Rome I left two fat men cutting fat bacon in St. Martin’s -Lane; in ten years’ time I returned, and found the two fat men -cutting fat bacon still; twenty years more have passed, and there -the two fat fellows cut the fat flitches the same as ever. Carve -them--if they do not look like an image of eternity, I wot not what -does.” - -[339] In the last ten years of his stage career Bannister travelled -with his “Budget” of songs, anecdotes, and imitations, through -England, Scotland, and Ireland. - -[340] The Rev. Stephen Weston, F.R.S. (1747-1830), a well-known -antiquary and classical scholar, held the Devonshire livings of -Mainhead and Little Hempston, Devon, but left that county after -the death of his wife. He engaged in some spirited attempts to -translate Gray’s _Elegy_ into Greek, and published his _Elegia -Grayiana, Græce_, in 1794. He was fond of the French capital, -and published _The Praise of Paris_ in 1803. An old friend of -Nollekens, he was present at the funeral so airily described by -Smith in his life of the sculptor. - -[341] Swan _upping_ (or marking) is still carried out yearly on the -Thames by the representatives of the Crown and by the Dyers’ and -Vintners’ Companies, who have the privilege of keeping swans on the -river. Formerly the state barges of the City went up to Staines, -and ceremonies were performed. Even to-day the expedition of the -swan-markers is picturesque; the skiffs bear the flags of the -several authorities, the markers wear flannels and distinguishing -jerseys, and the overseers don special tunics and peaked caps. The -birds are caught by means of long hooked poles. - -[342] Tooke did not, therefore, “try the question” of his silver -caddy; but had it not been returned he would have done so in his -character of the inimitable litigant. “A court of law,” says -Hazlitt, in his masterly portrait of Tooke in _The Spirit of -the Age_, “was the place where Mr. Tooke made the best figure -in public. He might assuredly be said to be ‘native and endued -unto that element.’ He had here to stand merely on the defensive: -not to advance himself, but to block up the way: not to impress -others, but to be himself impenetrable. All he wanted was _negative -success_; and to this no one was better qualified to aspire. Cross -purposes, _moot-points_, pleas, demurrers, flaws in the indictment, -double meanings, cases, inconsequentialities, these were the -playthings, the darlings of Mr. Tooke’s mind; and with these he -baffled the Judge, dumbfounded the Counsel, and outwitted the Jury. -The report of his trial before Lord Kenyon is a masterpiece of -acuteness, dexterity, modest assurance, and legal effect. It is -much like his examination before the Commissioners of the Income -Tax--nothing could be got out of him in either case!” - -[343] He had, indeed, prepared a tomb for himself in his garden -at Wimbledon, and the funeral invitations, as first sent out, -contemplated his burial here. He was buried in a family vault at -Ealing, to which the following inscription was added: “JOHN HORNE -TOOKE, late of Wimbledon, Author of the _Diversions of Purley_: was -born June 1736, and died March 18, 1812, contented and happy.” - -[344] The Rev. William Huntington obtained influence over -multitudes by a grotesque piety and a compelling pulpit manner. He -appended the initials S.S. to his name, signifying “Sinner Saved.” -His true name was Hunt, and he himself tells how he added two -syllables to it as a disguise after being called upon to support -an illegitimate child. The son of a Kentish day labourer, he had -been errand boy, gardener, cobbler, and coal-heaver. At last he -turned wholly preacher, and in that character came up to London -from Thames Ditton, “bringing two large carts, with furniture and -other necessaries, besides a post-chaise well filled with children -and cats,” as he relates. He became minister of Margaret Street -Chapel, where he urged the power of prayer, telling his hearers -that whenever he wanted a thing--a horse, a pair of breeches, or a -pound of tea--he prayed for it and it came. In 1788 his admirers -built him a chapel in the Gray’s Inn Road at a cost of £9000. He -called it Providence Chapel, and was shrewd enough to obtain the -personal freehold. He carried pulpit brusqueness to the extreme. -“Wake that snoring sinner!” and “Silence that noisy numskull!” -were his frequent observations. By his marriage with the widow of -Sir James Sanderson, who had been Lord Mayor of London, he gained -wealth, and in 1811 he became the tenant of Dr. Valangin’s mansion -on Hermes Hill, Pentonville. This eminent Swiss physician had named -his estate Hermes Hill in honour of Hermes Trismegithus, the fabled -discoverer of chemistry. Huntington’s health failed him, and he -exchanged the air of Pentonville for Tunbridge Wells, where he -died July 1, 1813. Smith’s story of the disciple who purchased a -barrel of beer at the sale of Huntington’s effects is apparently -true. Extravagant prices were paid for less perishable souvenirs. -An arm-chair worth fifty shillings fetched sixty guineas, and an -ordinary pair of spectacles seven guineas. The Pentonville mansion -has long disappeared, but Hermes Street dingily perpetuates its -curious history. - -[345] Smith’s Beef Steak friend, John Nixon, was an Irish factor, -who, with his brother Richard, lived over his warehouses in -Basinghall Street. He was wealthy and convivial, a bachelor, a good -business man, an admirable host, an amateur actor, and a comic -artist. His drawing of “The Jolly Undertakers” regaling themselves -at the Falcon Tavern, near Clapham Junction, is well known; the -landlord’s name was Robert Death, and the undertakers are seen -regaling themselves “at Death’s door.” Nixon’s original picture -long remained at the Falcon (now rebuilt), and was considered a -fixture. - -The history of the Sublime Society of Beef Steaks was mournfully -recalled two years ago by the closing and subsequent sale of its -last home, the Lyceum Theatre. John Rich, the patentee of Covent -Garden Theatre, is usually named as its founder, but the germ of -the Society (its members loathed the name of Club) lay in the -creature needs of his scene painter, George Lambert, of whom -Edwards relates in his _Anecdotes of Painting_-- - -“As it frequently happened that he was too much hurried to leave -his engagements for his regular dinner, he contented himself with -a beefsteak broiled upon the fire in the painting-room. In this -hasty meal he was sometimes joined by his visitors, who were -pleased to participate in the humble repast of the artist. The -savour of the dish and the conviviality of the accidental meeting -inspired the party with a resolution to establish a club, which was -accordingly done under the title of the ‘Beefsteak Club’; and the -party assembled in the painting-room. The members were afterwards -accommodated with a room in the playhouse, where the meetings were -held for many years.” - -Among the earlier members were Hogarth, Theophilus Cibber, George -IV., when Prince of Wales, the Earl of Sandwich, George Colman, -Wilkes. Charles Morris, the Laureate of the Beefsteaks, was -admitted in 1785, and remained a member till his death in 1838, -after being for more than fifty years the life and soul of the -Society. “Die when you will, Charles, you’ll die in your youth,” -were Curran’s words, and Morris died young at ninety-three. His -“Sweet shady side of Pall Mall” is the best London song of its kind. - -The Society dined and wined itself into the nineteenth century -without a thought of change, but when Covent Garden Theatre was -burnt down in 1808, the Beefsteakers, who had taken shelter at the -Bedford Coffee House, went to the Lyceum Theatre at the invitation -of Samuel James Arnold. There, for sixty years, they met in a -banquet room behind the stage. In 1867 the number of members had -fallen to eighteen, and in that year the famous coterie closed its -doors and sent its Lares and Penates to Christie’s, that mart of -abandoned playthings. “Brother” Walter Arnold’s _Life and Death of -the Sublime Society of Beef Steaks_ (1871) is a singularly complete -and interesting memorial of the “jolly old Steakers of England.” - -The “Ad Libitum” Society, of which Nixon was also a member, and -which was quite distinct from the Beefsteaks, held its meetings -successively at the Shakespeare Tavern, the Piazza Coffee House, -Robins’s Rooms, and the Bedford Coffee House. Thomas Dibdin gives a -list of its members in his _Reminiscences_. - -[346] Mrs. Abington died on the 4th. - -[347] Garrick’s troubles with this actress were such that he wrote -to her in reply to one of her complaints: “Let me be permitted to -say, that I never yet saw Mrs. Abington theatrically happy for a -week together.” During his later managership Garrick had ceaseless -struggles with his actresses, by which he was greatly wearied. “The -lively ‘Pivy’ Clive, the stately Mrs. Barry, Pope, the established -Hoyden of the theatre, Miss Younge, Mrs. Yates, Mrs. Abington, all -tried the effect of a modified revolt” (Percy Fitzgerald: _Life of -Garrick_). - -[348] Stafford Row was near Stafford Gate, St. James’s Park. Mrs. -Yates died here in 1787, and Mrs. Radcliffe, the author of the -_Mysteries of Udolpho_, in 1823. - -[349] These lines occur in the epilogue to General Burgoyne’s -comedy, _The Maid of the Oaks_, written by him expressly for Mrs. -Abington, who performed the part of Lady Bab Lardoon in the season -1773-74. Garrick wrote the epilogue in question to be spoken by -Mrs. Abington. - -[350] These lines do not belong to _The Maid of the Oaks_, the -subject of Garrick’s letter of 9th November. I have not been able -to trace them. - -[351] See Wilmot’s Letters, British Museum.--S. - -[352] John Thane (1748-1818) was a well-known printseller in Soho, -and the editor of _British Autography: a Collection of Facsimiles -of the Handwriting of Royal and Illustrious Personages, with their -Authentic Portraits_ (1793). - -[353] John Blaquière (1732-1812) sat in both Irish and United -Kingdom Parliaments. At this time (1771) he was Secretary of -Legation in Paris. - -[354] This letter is the earliest from Walpole to Mrs. Abington -in Peter Cunningham’s collection, where it bears the more precise -date, September 1, 1771. At that time Walpole had no private -acquaintance with Mrs. Abington. Eight years later, Mrs. Abington -is still seeking his acquaintance, for he writes in April 1779 to -excuse himself from an invitation she had sent him. But on May 22, -1779, Walpole says at the end of a letter to the Honourable H. S. -Conway: “I am going to sup with Mrs. Abington, and hope Mrs. Clive -will not hear of it.” No doubt he did so, and it was after this -stage in their acquaintance that he wrote the letter of June 11, -1780 (see opposite page). - -[355] Sir Walter James James, first Baronet (1759-1829), married -Jane, sister of John Jeffreys, second Earl, and first Marquis, -Camden. - -[356] At this time Mrs. Jordan was absent from the stage, in -obedience to her lover, the Duke of Clarence, afterwards William -IV. By him she had ten children. She had also four children by Sir -Richard Ford, and a daughter by her Cork manager, Richard Daly. -But, says Leigh Hunt, she “made even Methodists love her.” In 1811 -the Duke of Clarence made an arrangement by which she received -£4400 a year for the maintenance of herself and all her children, -on condition that if she returned to the stage the Duke’s daughters -and £1500 a year were to revert to him. All these daughters married -well. Mrs. Jordan died embarrassed and unhappy at St. Cloud, a good -deal of mystery shrouding her end. Tate Wilkinson tells how she -finally exchanged her maiden name of Bland for Jordan. “You have -crossed the water, my dear,” he said to her once, “so I’ll call you -Jordan.” “And by the memory of Sam! if she didn’t take my joke in -earnest, and call herself Mrs. Jordan ever since.” - -[357] In a letter dated January 24, 1816, in my possession, which -was evidently intended to be sent as a circular to some of his -stauncher patrons, Smith states that he had found the previous -year very “unprofitable to the Arts,” and that owing to the great -number of families who left England for France “last season” -(_i.e._ after Waterloo), his income had been small. He has applied -himself closely to his etching table, and is now able to lay before -his correspondent the first three numbers of a small work at a -remarkably cheap rate. This was his _Vagabondiana, or Anecdotes of -Mendicant Wanderers through the Streets of London, with Portraits -of the Most Remarkable drawn from Life_. The increase of beggars -in London had engaged serious attention, and legislation was in -the air. The Society for the Suppression of Mendicity was founded -in 1818. Smith’s work is the artistic forerunner of Charles Lamb’s -_Complaint of the Decay of Beggars in the Metropolis_, written -in 1822, when “the all-sweeping besom of sectarian reform” had -done its work. The Herculean legless beggar whose portrait Lamb -draws with so much gusto, appears in Smith’s gallery of etchings. -But whereas Mr. E. V. Lucas identifies him as Samuel Horsey, I -venture to think he was the beggar named John MacNally. Smith’s -figure of Horsey hardly suggests a Hercules, nor does another -portrait of him from Kirby’s “Wonderful and Scientific Museum.” I -suggest that the beggar of whom Lamb wrote, in 1822, “He seemed -earth-born, an Antæus, and to suck in fresh vigour from the soil -which he neighboured; he was a grand fragment; as good as an Elgin -marble; the nature, which should have recruited his left leg and -thighs, was not lost, but only retired into his upper parts, and -he was half a Hercules,” was identical with the beggar whom John -Thomas Smith describes as an “extraordinary torso”: “His head, -shoulders, and chest, which are exactly those of Hercules, would -prove valuable models for the artist.” This Hercules is John -MacNally. Were there two London legless beggars who could suggest -to two minds such images of antique magnificence of physique? It is -possible, but unlikely. - -[358] First cousin, once removed, of the poet. - -[359] Charles Manners-Sutton, Archbishop of Canterbury 1805-28. - -[360] Thomas Gilliland, whose _Dramatic Mirror_ is still consulted, -was not too popular with the actors and actresses whose lives he -compiled. He was practically warned off the Green-room of Drury -Lane Theatre by Charles Mathews, the elder. - -[361] Smith is mistaken as to the date of the first race. This -was rowed on August 1, 1716. A portrait of a waterman in his -boat, still preserved in the Watermen’s Hall, St. Mary’s Hill, is -supposed to represent the first wearer of the coat and badge, a -white horse being painted on the back-board of the boat. It is said -that John Broughton, afterwards the prize-fighter, and the founder -of boxing, was this winner. Under Doggett’s will, only one prize, -the coat and badge, was given, but additional prizes have been -added under the will of Sir William Jolliff, in 1820, and by the -Fishmongers’ Company. These prizes are generous. Even the last of -the six young watermen to reach the winning-post is sure of £2; the -other unsuccessful candidates receive sums from £3 to £6 each. The -winner of the race is £10 in pocket, his name is added to the long -roll of previous winners, and he wears Doggett’s coat (made to fit -him) among the coated élite of Watermen’s Hall. - -A clever and genial man, Doggett was known everywhere by his -immense wig, on the top of which, not without the aid of pins, -rested a small cocked hat. He carried a rapier, and took snuff -incessantly. Only two portraits of him are known: one represents -him dancing the Cheshire Round with the motto, “Ne sutor -ultra crepidam,” and the Garrick Club has a portrait, but its -authenticity is questioned. - -[362] _The Waterman_ was, indeed, announced as the after-piece to -_The Wonder_, but Garrick had no part in it, and his great farewell -scene rendered its performance impossible alike to actors and -audience. - -[363] Sarah Sophia Banks (1744-1818) was a virtuoso, and collector -of natural history specimens. She kept house for her brother, Sir -Joseph Banks, at 32 Soho Square, at the corner of Frith Street. -Here Sir Joseph, who is mentioned by Smith elsewhere, gave his -Sunday evening conversaziones, at which Cavendish and Wollaston -were the prominent guests. Sir Henry Holland describes these -evenings in his _Recollections_. Gifford of the _Quarterly_ -remarked to Moore, that the Banks’ mansion was to science what -Holland House was to literature. Horace Walpole poked incessant fun -at Sir Joseph’s curiosity about remote Atlantic islands, and Peter -Pindar scribbled verses like this:-- - - “To give a breakfast in Soho, - Sir Joseph’s bitterest foe - Must certainly allow him peerless merit: - Where on a wagtail and tom-tit - He shines, and sometimes on a nit: - Displaying powers few gentlemen inherit.” - -The house was afterwards the home of the Linnæan Society, and is -now the Hospital for Diseases of the Heart. - -[364] Knick-knacks. - -[365] Elizabeth Carter (1717-1806), of “Epictetus” fame, was the -daughter of a Kent parson. She enjoyed the friendship of Dr. -Johnson, to whom she was introduced by Cave. Mrs. Carter wrote -Nos. 44 and 100 of the _Rambler_, essays which Johnson esteemed -highly. Her resolution in acquiring a knowledge of Greek and Latin -was extraordinary: she placed a bell at the head of her bed, and -arranged that the sexton, who rose between four and five o’clock, -should ring it by means of a cord which descended into the garden -below. Her translation of Epictetus appeared in 1758; it was -published by subscription at one guinea, and she made £1000 by it. -Her attainments brought her many distinguished friends, and it -was thought that Dr. Secker, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, -wished to marry her. Mrs. Carter was one of the little company -who dined with Johnson at Mrs. Garrick’s house, May 3, 1783, when -Hannah More, looking at Johnson, “was struck with the mild radiance -of the setting sun.” - -[366] Mrs. Dards’ exhibition was at No. 1 Suffolk Street, Cockspur -Street. The British Museum has one of her catalogues, dated 1800. - -[367] This singular character, whose real name was Henry -Constantine Jennings (1731-1819), died within the Rules of the -King’s Bench, after spending one fortune on works of art and -losing another on the turf. About 1778 he brought to England -the antique sculpture known as Alcibiades’ Dog (now at Duncombe -Park, Yorkshire), whence he had his nickname, “Dog Jennings.” His -purchase of this work for a thousand guineas was the subject of one -of Dr. Johnson’s conversations, recorded by Boswell. Jennings lived -in the most easterly of the five houses into which Lindsey House, -Chelsea, was divided in 1760. In Smith’s _Nollekens_ he appears as -a little man in a brown coat walking in Marylebone Fields, where -Nollekens was for giving him twopence, mistaking him for a pauper. - -Jennings was twice married, and at one time laid claim to a lapsed -peerage. At Chelsea, where he maintained his house and grounds in -a state of luxurious neglect, it was his custom twice a day to -exercise himself with a ponderous lead-tipped broadsword: then (to -use his own words), “mount my chaise horse, composed of leather and -inflated with wind like a pair of bellows, on which I take exactly -one thousand gallops.” Among his treasures was a statue of Venus, -which he prized so highly, that for the first six months after -acquiring it he had it placed during dinner at the head of his -table, with two footmen in laced liveries in attendance on it--a -situation that to-day would be worthy of Mr. Anstey’s humour. - -[368] Sir Thomas Stepney, ninth and last baronet of Prendergast, -Pembroke, died September 12, 1825, aged 65. He was long a member -of White’s Club, and wore blue and white striped stockings, a -peculiarity he shared with Nollekens, the sculptor. A worthier -distinction was his descent from Sir Anthony Vandyke. Sir John -Stepney, the third baronet, had married the daughter and heiress of -the painter. - -[369] Of John Burges, M.D. (1745-1807), there is a manuscript -memoir in the library of the Royal College of Physicians. He made -a fine collection of the _materia medica_, which ultimately passed -to the college, where it is still preserved. Gillray’s legend “From -Warwick Lane” refers, of course, to the earlier location of the -college in the city. - -[370] At the Royal Academy dinner of 1789 the health of Alderman -Boydell as “the Commercial Mæcenas of England” was proposed by -Edmund Burke. It was in this year that the Alderman began to -exhibit in Pall Mall the works which he had commissioned for his -Shakespeare Gallery. Next year he became Lord Mayor. Unfortunately, -he miscalculated his financial powers, and the outbreak of the -French Revolution entailed on him such loss of foreign custom -that his death in 1804 was clouded by misfortune. He had employed -nearly all the best artists and engravers of his day, and had spent -£350,000 in his business. His Shakespeare Gallery, consisting of -170 pictures, was disposed of by lottery; the winner being Tassie, -the gem-modeller, who sold them at Christie’s for £6157. - -[371] First fashionable in 1745, and named after William, Duke of -Cumberland. Smith might have seen it in his boyhood. It was smartly -cocked in front. - -[372] George Frederick Beltz (1777-1841), Lancaster Herald, and -author of _Memorials of the Order of the Garter_, was one of -Mrs. Garrick’s executors, and wrote the memoir of her in the -_Gentleman’s Magazine_ of November 1822. - -[373] “Mr. Dance, in this picture of Garrick, has been guilty of an -egregious anachronism. He has actually given Richard the Third the -_star_ of the Order of the Garter, when he ought to have known that -it was not introduced before the reign of King Charles I.” (Smith: -_Nollekens_). - -[374] Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, fifth baronet (1772-1840), a -generous patron of artists. His town house in St. James’s Square -had fine pictures. He died after a fall from his horse in the -hunting-field. - -[375] The Dowager Lady Amherst would appear to be Elizabeth, -daughter and co-heir of Lieutenant-General Honourable George Cary, -who married, 1767, Jeffrey, first Lord Amherst, Field-Marshal, who -died in 1797, aged 80. Lady Amherst died in 1830.--William George -Maton, M.D., dated his fortune from the day when he was approached -by an equerry at Weymouth as a person who might be able to name a -plant (_arundo epigejos_) which one of the royal princesses had -found. He was thus brought into the presence of Queen Charlotte, -and later became her physician extraordinary. Maton died on March -30, 1835, and was buried at St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. There is a -tablet to him in Salisbury Cathedral.--Mr. Carr was Mrs. Garrick’s -solicitor, and was to be the next occupant of the famous Garrick -Villa at Hampton. - -[376] Elizabeth Wright Macauley, novelist, actress, and preacher of -the gospel, died at York, March 1837, aged 52, in rather straitened -circumstances. Her London home was at 52 Clarendon Square, St. -Pancras. She published, in 1812, _Effusions of Fancy_, a collection -of poems consisting of the “Birth of Friendship,” the “Birth of -Affection,” and the “Birth of Sensibility.” In the last year of -her life she had travelled the country lecturing on “Domestic -Philosophy,” and giving recitations. - -[377] At an earlier time the Abbey had been free to sight-seers, -but a wanton injury to the figure of George Washington in Major -André’s monument had led to the imposition of admission fees. -Not long after Smith’s encounter, Charles Lamb wrote his protest -against these fees, of which he says: “In no part of our beloved -Abbey now can a person find entrance (out of service time) under -the sum of _two shillings_.” Lamb’s complaint may have been rather -overstrained by reason of its incorporation in his bitter letter to -Southey in the _London Magazine_ for October 1823. - -Free admission was given to the larger part of the Abbey under Dean -Ireland. Authorised guides were first appointed in 1826, and the -nave and transepts were opened, and the fees lowered in 1841 at the -suggestion of Lord John Thynne (Dean Stanley: _Historical Memorials -of Westminster Abbey_). - -[378] The Rev. Thomas Rackett (1757-1841), Rector of Spetisbury -with Charlton-Marshall, Dorset. He was a musician, a naturalist, an -antiquary, and a friend of Garrick. He had been guided as a youth -by Dr. John Hunter. His daughter Dorothea married Mr. S. Solly of -Heathside, near Poole. She is mentioned on p. 290. - -[379] Dr. Francklin was probably the “Thomas Franklin” who signed -the round-robin to Dr. Johnson asking him to re-write Goldsmith’s -epitaph in English. Here the absence of the _c_ from the name -causes Croker to doubt the identity, and Dr. Birkbeck Hill to -reject it. It is curious that Smith, with Garrick’s marriage -certificate before him, makes the name agree with the questioned -signature in the memorial to Johnson. Francklin knew Johnson and -dedicated to him a translation of Lucian. “BOSWELL. I think Dr. -Franklin’s definition of _Man_ a good one--A tool-making animal. -JOHNSON. But many a man never made a tool; and suppose a man -without arms, he could not make a tool.” Francklin founded the -_Centinel_, a paper of the _Tatler_ variety, and published many -translations. He was the first Chaplain to the Royal Academy, and -composed a song, “The Patrons,” that was sung at the inaugural -dinner. - -[380] This certificate does not answer Smith’s inquiry: the place -of the marriage. As a matter of fact, Dr. Francklin’s chapel, where -the ceremony was performed, was not in Great Queen Street, but in -Queen Street, near Russell Street, now Museum Street. The Charity -School opposite the side entrance of Mudie’s Library marks the site -of the chapel in which the knot was tied between David Garrick and -Eva Maria Violetti. The facts are given correctly by a writer in -_Notes and Queries_ (March 31, 1877), who puts in the following -documents:-- - -“On the 22nd June, 1749, Garrick was married to Eva Maria Violetti -by M. Francklin, at his chapel near Russell Street, Bloomsbury; and -afterwards, according to the rites of the Roman Catholic Church, by -the Rev. M. Blyth, at the chapel of the Portuguese Embassy in South -Audley Street” (Garrick’s _Correspondence_, 1831). - -“Yesterday was married, by the Rev. Mr. Francklin, at his chapel, -Russell Street, Bloomsbury, David Garrick, Esq., to Eva Maria -Violetti” (_General Advertiser_, June 23, 1749). - -[381] No picture in the National Gallery is better known and -admired than Rubens’s “Chapeau de Paille.” It is a portrait of -Mdlle. Lunden, with whom Rubens was in love. He is said to have -painted her portrait without her knowledge while she sat in her -garden, and to have obtained her acceptance of the picture. On her -untimely death Rubens begged back this portrait, which her family -had christened “Le Chapeau de Paille,” promising a replica in -exchange. This is the National Gallery picture. In it, instead of a -straw hat (chapeau de paille), Rubens has introduced a beaver hat -(chapeau de poil), but the original name is still in vogue, though -the name “Chapeau de Poil” appears on the frame of the picture in -Room xii. of the National Gallery. In 1822 the picture passed from -the Lunden family to M. Van Niewenhuysen for 89,000 florins, and -from him it was acquired, through Smith the printseller, by the -British Government. - -[382] Edward Knight, known as LITTLE KNIGHT, is universally stated -to have been born in Birmingham in 1774; “Bristol” and “1778” are -probably misprints. - -[383] _Flora, or Hob in the Well_, a farce by Cibber, adapted from -Thomas Doggett’s _Country Wake_. - -[384] _The Soldier’s Daughter_ is a comedy by Cherry, Timothy -Quaint being a minor character.--_Fortune’s Frolic_ is a farce by -Allingham. Robin Roughhead, a labourer, succeeds to the title and -wealth; then he marries his humble sweetheart, Dolly, and makes the -best of landlords. - -[385] Of Knight as an actor we read: “There was an odd quickness, -and a certain droll play about every muscle of his face, that fully -prepared the audience for the jest that was to follow. His Sim, in -_Wild Oats_, may be termed the most chaste and natural performance -on the stage.” It was remarked of Knight, however, that he was too -fond of laughter and tears, “squeezing his eyelids, and fidgetting -and pelting about, till he got the necessary moisture.” - -[386] A bronze statue in the garden of Burton Crescent shows -Cartwright as a small, excessively bald man, seated with what might -be a blue-book in his hand. A luxuriant fig tree was threatening -to engulf him in its foliage in September 1905. The inscription -states that he was “The First Consistent and Persevering Advocate -of Universal Suffrage, Equal Representation, Vote by Ballot, and -Annual Parliaments.” For every evil, even for cold weather or bad -plays, he prescribed “Annual Parliaments and Universal Suffrage.” -The Reverend J. Richardson, in his _Recollections_, says that for -many years the Lords of the Admiralty gave Cartwright half-pay, -without suspecting that the “John Cartwright” on their books -was their arch-critic, “Major” Cartwright, whose commission in -the Nottinghamshire Militia had put this handle to his name and -disguised his identity. - -[387] It may be hoped that, had Smith lived to prepare his BOOK FOR -A RAINY DAY for the press, he would have expunged these embittered -references to the wealth of Nollekens and legateeship of Francis -Douce. - -[388] Elizabeth Ogilvy Benger (1778-1827) was an amiable woman and -a popular writer of history and biography. She was a friend of the -Lambs, Mrs. Barbauld, Mrs. Aikin, Campbell, and others. Among her -works are _Memoirs of Mary Queen of Scots and Anne Boleyn_, and a -poem on the slave-trade. - -[389] From Mr. W. Roberts’ “_Memorials of Christie’s_, it appears -that the original cup from Shakespeare’s mulberry tree, which was -presented to David Garrick by the Mayor and Corporation, at the -time of the Jubilee at Stratford, realised 121 guineas on April -30, 1825.” Smith mis-states the date. On May 30, 1903, a figure of -Shakespeare carved from the tree was sold at Sotheby’s for £13, 5s. - -[390] See note, p. 273. - -[391] This derivation has been questioned by others. The _New -English Dictionary_ leaves the point doubtful, but quotes the -_Globe_ of July 24, 1882: “The ‘Busby,’ so often used colloquially -when a large bushy wig is meant, most probably took its origin … -not from Dr. Busby, the famous headmaster of Westminster School, -but from the wig denominated a ‘Buzz,’ from being frizzled and -bushy.” May it not be that the word sprang from “buzz,” in -association with the name of the famous headmaster?--the one -originating and the other confirming its use. - -[392] Nevertheless periwigs were known in England considerably -earlier. Fairholt mentions one that was ordered “for Sexton, the -king’s fool,” in the reign of Henry VIII. In Hall’s _Satires_ -(1598) a courtier is made to lose his periwig while trying to bow -on a windy day. Other instances are quoted by Fairholt in _Costume -in England_. - -[393] The Duke of Wellington once entertained a dinner-table with -an account of Louis XIV.’s wig. His remarks were thus reported, at -first hand, in _Notes and Queries_ of Nov. 25, 1871, by Mr. Herbert -Randolph:-- - -“I was in the year 1834 or 1835 dining in company with the Duke -of Wellington at Betshanger in Kent, then the seat of Frederick -Morice, Esq., now of Sir Walter James. It was about the time when -the Bishop of London (Dr. Blomfield) had first appeared in the -House of Lords without his wig, and a smart controversy arising -out of the fact was going on. Opposite to the Duke at table hung -a portrait of an admiral of Queen Anne’s time, an ancestor of -Mr. Morice, and the finely painted ‘Ramillies wig’ upon his head -caught the Duke’s attention. He took occasion from this to give, in -his terse and decided manner, a complete history of wigs, having -evidently mastered the subject in reference to the question of the -day. He concluded, to the point, by saying: ‘Louis the Fourteenth -had a hump, and no man, not even his valet, ever saw him without -his wig. It hung down his back, like the judges’ wigs, to hide -the hump. But the Dauphin, who hadn’t a hump, couldn’t bear the -heat, so he cut it round close to the poll; and the episcopal wig -that you are all making such a fuss about is the wig of the most -profligate days of the French court.’” - -[394] It was Woollett’s pleasing custom to celebrate the completion -of a plate by firing a cannon from the roof of his house, No. 36 -Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square. On this occasion he doubtless -used an extra charge of powder. - -[395] No allusion to Sir Cloudesley Shovel was intended by Pope. -The line occurs in the _Moral Essays_, Epistle iii.-- - - “When Hopkins dies, a thousand lights attend - The wretch, who living saved a candle’s end; - Shouldering God’s altar a vile image stands, - Belies his features, nay extends his hands; - That live-long wig which Gorgon’s self might own, - Eternal buckle takes in Parian stone.” - -Pope’s own note to the last line reads: “Ridicule the wretched -taste of carving large periwigs on bustos, of which there -are several vile examples among the tombs of Westminster and -elsewhere.” Pope’s real victim, Hopkins, was “Vulture” Hopkins, who -died in his house in Broad Street in 1732, leaving a fortune of -£300,000 with peculiar conditions attached. Several thousand pounds -were expended on his funeral. - -[396] Thomas Dawson, Viscount--not Earl--of Cremorne, died 1813. - -[397] The full-dress wigs of English judges are the nearest -survival of the great Queen Anne wigs familiar in the portraits of -these men. They are made of white horse hair, elaborately treated. - -[398] Combing the wig in the theatre and the drawing-room was a -habit, like twirling the moustache. Dryden pictures the wits rising -as one man in the pit of the theatre and beginning to comb their -wigs while they stared at a new masked beauty. “It became the mark -of a young man of _ton_ to be seen combing his periwig in the Mall, -or at the theatre” (Fairholt: _Costume in England_). Hats were not -worn on perukes that cost forty or fifty pounds. In Wycherley’s -_Love in a Wood_ (1672) we read: “A lodging is as unnecessary a -thing to a widow that has a coach, as a hat to a man that has a -good peruke.” - -[399] It is said that, as a rule, Lely’s male portraits of the -Charles II. period can be distinguished at once from Kneller’s -portraits of the Court of William III., by observing that in the -former the ends of the wig descend on the chest, in the latter they -fall behind the shoulders. - -[400] The distinction is particularly important in the case of -Cibber, whose wig in the part of Sir Fopling Flutter was so -admired that he regularly had it brought in a sedan-chair to the -footlights, where he publicly donned it with great applause. -Cibber’s modest private wig can be studied in Roubiliac’s coloured -bust in the National Portrait Gallery. - -[401] John Wallis, D.D. (1616-1703), a distinguished mathematician -as well as theologian. - -[402] Several particulars of Johnson’s wigs are given by Boswell. -The improvements he made in his dress through the influence of Mrs. -Thrale included “a Paris-made wig of handsome construction.” “In -general,” says Croker, “his wigs were very shabby, and their fore -parts were burned away by the near approach of the candle, which -his short-sightedness rendered necessary in reading. At Streatham -Mrs. Thrale’s butler always kept a better wig in his own hands, -with which he met Johnson at the parlour door, when the bell -had called him down to dinner; and this ludicrous ceremony was -performed every day.” - -[403] “Mr. Hillier, I believe, was of the same family as the late -Nathaniel Hillier of Stoke, near Guildford, one of whose daughters -married Colonel Onslow. He was a most extensive collector of -engravings, and his cabinets contained numerous rarities, but he -spoiled all his prints by staining them with coffee, to produce, -as he thought, a mellow tint, but by which process he not only -deprived most of them of their pristine brilliancy, but rendered -their sale considerably less productive” (Smith). The trick of -staining prints with coffee was once fairly common among collectors. - -[404] Probably the pendent bobs or “dildos” on the “campaign” wig -introduced in the reign of Charles II. were the origin of the -pigtail. The “Ramillies” wig, named after the battle of 1706, had a -long plaited tail, and immediately became the fashion. By 1731 the -pigtail wig had reached its height of popularity and absurdity. - - “But pray, what’s that much like a whip, - Which with the air does wav’ring skip - From side to side, and hip to hip?” - -asks a country visitor in _The Metamorphosis of the Town_, and is -answered-- - - “Sir, do not look so fierce and big, - It is a modish pigtail wig.” - -[405] Horwood’s map of London (1799) shows the river walk from -Abingdon Street almost to Chelsea Bridge between willows, along -the water-edge, and nursery gardens. A good idea of Millbank as it -was at this period may be obtained from the Earl of Albemarle’s -_Fifty Years of my Life_ (vol. i. cap. vi.), where we see the boys -of Westminster School roaming these spaces, hiring guns from Mother -Hubbard, and obtaining dogs and badgers from their obliging friend, -William Heberfield, “Slender Billy,” who was mercilessly hanged in -1812 for passing forged notes. See a curious account of Palmer’s -village in Charles Manby Smith’s _Curiosities of London Life_ -(1853). Smith has an etching of the Willow Walk in his _Remarks on -Rural Scenery_ (1797). - -[406] William Collins, a modeller of mantelpieces and friezes, was -an intimate friend of Nathaniel Smith (J. T. S.’s father), and is -described by Smith, in his _Antient Topography of London_, as a -fascinating modeller in clay and wax, and carver in wood. He took -many of his subjects from Æsop’s Fables, and was much employed by -Sir Henry Cheere, the statuary, who then had workshops near the -south-east corner of Henry the Seventh’s Chapel. Roubillac worked -here when he first came to England. Collins died in Tothill Fields, -May 31, 1793. His mantelpiece in Ancaster House remains. - -[407] Belgrave House stood at the west end of Millbank Row, the -continuation of Abingdon Street. The Millbank of Gainsborough’s -days extended from this point southward and westward (as it rounded -the obtuse promontory) as far as the White Lead Mills, whence -Turpentine Lane led north to the Jenny’s Whim Tavern and bridge. -This picturesque wooden bridge spanned a reservoir of the Chelsea -water-works. - -[408] Albert van Everdingen (1621-1725), a Dutch painter of -landscapes and sea-pieces. - -[409] Jan van Goyen (1596-1656) was born at Leyden. His favourite -subjects were river banks with peasants. Three of his pictures are -in the National Gallery. - -[410] Jacob van Ruysdael (1628-82), the greatest of Dutch landscape -painters. - -[411] Cornelius Gerritz Dekker (died 1678) painted at Haarlem; one -of his landscapes is in the National Gallery. - -[412] The Neat House Gardens added much to the pleasantness of the -river walk at Millbank. They were held by gardeners who grew fruit -and vegetables here for the London markets. About 1831 the soil -taken to form St. Katherine’s Docks was brought up the river and -laid upon them; after which Lupus Street and many other Pimlico -streets were built on their site. It is a pity that no local -name-relic exists of gardens which Massinger knew as a place for -musk-melons (_City Madam_, Act iii. sc. 1), which Pepys visited -with his wife, and which “would have pleased Ruysdael.” - -[413] On August 3, 1802, Garnerin, or Garnerini, ascended in a -balloon from Vauxhall Gardens with his wife and Mr. Glasford. A -cat, which they dropped in a parachute, fell safely in a garden at -Hampstead, and the balloon itself, after passing over the Green -Park, Paddington, etc., descended in a paddock at Lord Rosslyn’s, -at the top of Hampstead Hill. Mrs. Garnerin afterwards lost her -life through ascending from Paris with fireworks. - -[414] I conjecture that this is a misprint, and that Smith’s -correspondent was St. Schültze, an artist and writer of ability, of -whom Eckermann, in his _Conversations with Goethe_, writes, May 15, -1826: “I talked with Goethe to-day about St. Schültze, of whom he -spoke very kindly. ‘When I was ill a few weeks since,’ said he, ‘I -read his _Heitere Stunden_’ (Cheerful Hours) ‘with great pleasure.’ -If Schültze had lived in England, he would have made an epoch; for, -with his gift of observing and depicting, nothing was wanting but -the sight of life on a large scale.” - -[415] Friederich Campe compiled for the occasion a little book -called _Reliquien von Albrecht Dürer_. - -[416] Peter von Cornelius. Born at Düsseldorf in 1783, he achieved -his great reputation at Munich, where he directed the Academy and -embellished many public buildings. He died so late as 1867. - -[417] Johann Gottlieb Schneider (1789-1864), of Dresden, one of the -first organists of his day. - -[418] After Dürer’s death from a decline, his close friend, -Porkheimer, wrote to Johann Tscherte, of Vienna: “Nothing grieves -me deeper than that he should have died so painful a death, which, -under God’s providence, I can ascribe to nobody but his huswife, -who gnawed into his very heart, and so tormented him, that he -departed hence the sooner; for he was dried up to a faggot, and -might nowhere seek a jovial humour, or go to his friends.… She and -her sister are not queans; they are, I doubt not, in the number of -honest, devout, and altogether God-fearing women; but a man might -better have a quean, who was otherwise kindly, than such a gnawing, -suspicious, quarrelsome, good woman, with whom he can have no peace -or quiet, neither by day nor by night.” - -[419] The architect, and author of a fine work on _Ancient and -Ornamental Architecture at Rome and in Italy_, the materials for -which he collected in the tour he mentions to Smith. He married -the daughter of Smith’s acquaintance, Williams, a well-known -button-maker in St. Martin’s Lane. William Blake found in him a -good friend, and was worshipped by his son, Frederick Tatham, -who said that a stroll with Blake was “as if he were walking -with the Prophet Isaiah.” Late in life Charles Tatham fell into -money difficulties, but obtained the post of warden of Greenwich -Hospital, where he died in 1842. - -[420] Stephen Porter of the Middle Temple, and of Trinity College, -Cambridge, translated from the German a play called _Lovers’ Vows_, -by Augustus von Kotzebue, 1798. - -[421] Copper Holmes had constructed a floating home out of a West -Country vessel, which cost him £150. He appears to have had his -name “Copper” from the metal he acquired with this hulk. His ark -was considered a nuisance, and the City authorities brought an -action to compel him to remove it. He died in 1821. - -[422] “The flat pavement on the southern side of the church, facing -the “Golden Cross,” is called “the Watermen’s Burying-ground,” -from the number of old Thames watermen who were brought thither to -their last long rest from Hungerford, York, and Whitehall Stairs” -(Walford: _Old and New London_). - -[423] The reference is to an impersonation of Joe Hatch, -the waterman, which Charles Mathews included in one of the -single-handed “At Home” entertainments which he started in 1818. -“One of the best occasional delineations of character, is that of -Joe Hatch, a waterman, who is also termed the Thames Chancellor and -Boat Barrister, a fellow (we presume a real portrait, though we -have not the good fortune to know the original) who lays down the -law of his craft, promotes and allays quarrels, and gratifies his -fare with a ‘long, tough yarn’ of his own adventures” (_Memoirs of -Charles Mathews_). - -[424] “Curtis’s Halfpenny Hatch was a passage across St. George’s -Fields from Narrow Wall, opposite Somerset House. It was a -halfpenny toll-way through extensive nursery grounds” (_Wine and -Walnuts_). It is now commemorated in the name Hatch Row, Roupell -Street, Lambeth, and I have found that Palmer Street is still -called, locally, “up the Hatch,” though, of course, nothing in -the shape of a Hatch has existed within living memory. “Hatches,” -or gates, at which halfpennies were levied, were common on the -outskirts of London. Nollekens told Smith that he remembered one in -Charlotte Street, kept by a miller, and another between the Oxford -Road (Oxford Street) and Grosvenor Square. - -[425] Philip Astley, the great equestrian, was inspired by the -feats of Johnson and others at the Three Hats Tavern, Islington, -to give his exhibitions in an open field near the Waterloo Road. -The price of admission was sixpence. Astley started with only -one horse, given him by General Elliott, in whose regiment he -had served. A clown named Porter supplied the comic relief. In -1770 he moved to the foot of Westminster Bridge, where his famous -Amphitheatre took shape. He is said rarely to have given more -than five pounds for a horse, troubling “little for shape, make, -or colour; temper was the only consideration.” His circus was -repeatedly burnt down, but it became one of the recognised sights -of London. On September 12, 1783, Horace Walpole writes: “I could -find nothing at all to do, and so went to Astley’s, which indeed -was much beyond my expectation. I do not wonder any longer that -Darius was chosen king by the instructions he gave to his horse; -nor that Caligula made his a consul.” - -After Astley’s death in 1814, his manager, the great Ducrow, became -the head of the circus business. The Ducrow family monument is a -striking object in Kensal Green cemetery, where also is seen the -monument of the Cooke family, whose head, Thomas Cooke, owned a -circus in Astley’s time, and took it to Mauchline in 1784, where it -was visited by Burns. The writer of an interesting article on the -Cookes in the _Tatler_ of July 29, 1903, says: “The aristocrats of -the sawdust, they have been entertaining for at least 120 years, -and to-day wherever there is a circus there is a Cooke.” - -[426] This “dell” is still apparent in Salutation Court, in which -is Hatch Row. - -[427] William Curtis (1746-99) had this botanical garden in Lambeth -Marsh, and there collected some of the material for his _Flora -Londinensis_. Later, he opened his large establishment at Brompton. -In 1782, he rendered a curious service to the suburbs by writing -_A Short History of the Brown-Tail Moth_, to allay “the alarm -which had been excited in the country round the Metropolis by an -extraordinary abundance of the caterpillars of this moth, and which -was so great, that the parish officers … attended in form to see -them burnt by bushels at a time” (Nichol’s _Literary Anecdotes_). -Curtis was buried in Battersea parish church. - -[428] Richard Palmer Roupell, a wealthy lead-smelter in Gravel -Lane, Southwark, owned much property in Southwark, Lambeth, and -elsewhere. He lived at Aspen House, Brixton. There is a Roupell -Road at Streatham and a Roupell Street in Lambeth. The name -of Curtis, the botanist, deserves, but has not found, similar -perpetuation in the neighbourhood. - -[429] Strand Lane Stairs was the river outlet of Strand Lane, a -narrow street which ran down from the Strand east of Somerset -House. As Mr. Wheatley points out, it was originally the channel -of the rivulet which crossed the Strand under Strand Bridge. The -landing-place is now lost under the Embankment, but the upper -portion of the lane still exists, and leads to the famous Roman -Bath, which every Londoner intends to, but does not, visit. - -[430] This restoration of the Chapel (the Banqueting House) was -carried out by Sir John Soane, 1829-30. - -[431] Henry Smedley, of Westminster, gave up the profession of the -law for the study of the arts. He died in his house in the Broad -Sanctuary, March 14, 1832. - -[432] Richard Parkes Bonnington had not been dead a year when this -talk was proceeding. His success had outrun his strength, and a -most promising career was closed by consumption, September 23, -1828. He lies in St. James’s Church in Pentonville. Bonnington’s -work is much appreciated in France. In the Louvre, where he studied -as a boy, there are one or two fine examples of his work. The -National Gallery has his “Venice: the Pillars of Piazzetta.” That -the British Museum Print-Room has a fine collection of his sketches -is largely due to the fact that he died during a visit to England, -and that his drawings went to Christie’s, where they fetched £1200. - -[433] This elaborate and beautiful work stands in the centre -of St. Andrew’s Chapel. Beneath a canopy supported on columns -lie the effigies of Lord and Lady Norris, and round them kneel -their six soldier sons, four of whom died on the field. In his -_Antient Topography_ Smith tells how Roubiliac admired this -stately cenotaph. “When my father had occasion to go to his master -(Roubiliac) during the time he was putting up Sir Peter Warren’s -monument in the Abbey, he was generally found standing by the -monument of Norris, or by that of Vere. On one of these attendances -he was observed with his arms folded before the north-west corner -figure of one of the six knights (the sons) who support the -cenotaph of Lord Norris, and appeared as if rivetted to the spot. -My father, who had thrice delivered his message, without being once -noticed, was at last smartly pinched on the elbow by Roubiliac, who -at the same time said, but in a soft and smothered tone of voice, -‘Hush! Hush! He’ll _speak_ presently.’” - -[434] William Esdaile (1758-1837) was a partner in the banking -house of Esdaile, Hammet, & Co., 21 Lombard Street. He took up -print-collecting and bought lavishly. Falling into ill health, he -spent the last five years of his life in poring over his prints, -and died in his Clapham house, October 2, 1837. The disposal of his -remarkable collection at Christie’s occupied sixteen days, and was -attended by buyers from the Continent. - -[435] The Clapham visited by Smith was that of Lord Macaulay’s -young manhood and of Ruskin’s boyhood, and was rural and open -beyond the belief of the present generation. In his recently -published _Life and Letters of Sir George Grove_, Mr. Charles L. -Graves says: “All the way from Wandsworth Road to Clapham Junction -the neighbourhood was a favourite resort for solid City people, the -wealthiest living on Clapham Common. But Clapham was thoroughly -rural and not even semi-suburban in the ‘twenties’ and ‘thirties.’ -Mr. Edmund Grove distinctly recollects seeing a man in the stocks -at Clapham, then a most picturesque village with a watch-house for -the ‘Charlies,’ and old inns with timbered fronts and spacious -courtyards.” - -[436] Charles Alexandre de Calonne succeeded Necker as -comptroller-general of finance in 1783. He was unable to reduce -French finance to order, and in 1787 found it advisable to retire -to England. In Sir Nathaniel Wraxhall’s _Memoirs_ I find the -following:-- - -“The tester of Calonne’s bed having fallen upon him during the -night, together with a portion of the ceiling of the room, he -narrowly escaped suffocation. All Paris, when the fact became -known, exclaimed, ‘Juste ciel!’ The tester of a bed is denominated -in French ‘le ciel du lit.’… With him may be said to have commenced -the emigration (to England) which soon became so general.” - -[437] Henry Peter Standly, of St. Neot’s, an active magistrate, -possessed an unrivalled collection of Hogarth’s prints and -drawings, which was dispersed at Christie’s in 1845. He purchased -drawings of landscapes from Smith. - -[438] See note, p. 4. - -[439] John Inigo Richards, R.A., was one of the original members -of the Royal Academy, and its secretary from 1788. He was for many -years principal scene-painter at Covent Garden. He died in his -Academy apartments, Dec. 18, 1810. - -[440] Edwards’s _Anecdotes of Painters_.--S. - -[441] Probably Dr. Robert Richardson, M.D., who had been travelling -physician to Lord Mountjoy. He died in Gordon Street, Bloomsbury, -November 5, 1847. - -[442] Enthusiasm for art and carelessness of money went to the -forming of Sir Thomas Lawrence’s unrivalled collection. Cunningham -says: “Of every eminent artist he had such specimens as no other -person possessed; not huddled into heaps, or scattered like the -leaves of the Sibyl, but arranged in fine large portfolios properly -labelled and enshrined.” - -[443] Smith could not have seen the whole of Sir Peter Lely’s -collection of prints and drawings. These were sold by auction in -1687, the sale lasting more than a month.--Thomas Hudson (1701-79) -painted the portraits of members of the Dilettanti Society, and, -being wealthy, collected many fine prints and drawings.--Archibald -Campbell, third Duke, formed a very fine library. - -[444] This name is given as Serre in the three old editions of the -_Rainy Day_--a very misleading erratum. William Score was born in -Devonshire about 1778. He became a pupil of Joshua Reynolds, and -regularly exhibited portraits at the Royal Academy. - -[445] “Sir Joshua Reynolds commenced two of his finest historical -pictures without settling in what way the compositions were to be -completed, or, indeed, without even thinking of their subjects. -The head of Count Ugolino at Knowle, and the Infant Christ in -Macklin’s picture, were painted on the canvases long before the -artist considered subjects or combinations” (S.).--This historical -painting, says Northcote, existed simply as a head of the Count -until Burke and Goldsmith praised it, whereupon Sir Joshua had his -canvas enlarged in order that he might add the other figures. When -finished, the picture was bought by the Duke of Dorset for 400 -guineas. It is not Reynolds at his best, and Charles Lamb, who saw -it at the Reynolds exhibition held in 1813 in Pall Mall, criticised -it rather severely. - -[446] Charles Howard, Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Admiral at -the defeat of the Armada, best known to history as Lord Howard -of Effingham. The portrait Smith missed was painted by Frederigo -Zucchero, whose (attributed) portraits of Queen Elizabeth, -Leicester, Raleigh, and James I. are in the National Portrait -Gallery. His Howard is now in the Painted Hall at Greenwich. The -portraits of the Admirals were presented to Greenwich Hospital -by George IV. (not William IV.) in 1823. William IV. added five -naval pictures in 1835. As will be seen on a later page, Smith’s -curiosity about the hanging of these pictures led him to visit -Greenwich next day. - -[447] Francis Legat, a Scotch engraver, came to London about 1780, -and lived at 22 Charles Street, Westminster. Here he engraved “Mary -Queen of Scots resigning her Crown” after Hamilton in 1786, and -later Northcote’s painting. He died in 1809. - -[448] Chantrey’s group, “The Sleeping Children,” in Lichfield -Cathedral. - -[449] This statue is now in the British Museum. - -[450] The Chelsea porcelain manufacture was founded about 1745, -and was at the height of its fame from 1750 to 1764 under Mr. -Sprimont. The works finally closed in 1784. The Chelsea potters -went forthwith to Derby, where they founded the Chelsea-Derby -pottery. Remains of the old Chelsea furnaces, in which Dr. Johnson -was allowed to test his compositions, are still to be seen in the -cellars of the Prince of Wales Tavern, at the corner of Justice -Walk and Lawrence Street, Chelsea. - -[451] The case of Chelsea china in the British Museum contains -similar figures of the Earl of Chatham, George III., a Thames -waterman wearing Doggett’s Coat and Badge, etc. - -[452] Johan Zoffany, R.A., born at Frankfort about 1735, painted -portraits of Garrick, one of the best representing the actor as -Abel Drugger. - -[453] Thomas Davies, the actor and bookseller, more famous as the -introducer to Dr. Johnson of Boswell. Johnson wrote the first -sentence of his _Memoirs of David Garrick_. - -[454] These pictures were the “Canvass,” the “Poll,” the -“Chairing,” and the “Election Feast.” They are said to have been -painted by Hogarth for about forty-five guineas apiece. At the sale -of Garrick’s pictures at Christie’s in June 1823 they were bought -by Sir John Soane, and are in the Soane Museum. - -[455] In 1829 the surprising period of seventy-three years had -elapsed since Garrick became the tenant of his famous villa. He had -enlarged and improved the house, planted many trees in the grounds, -and erected on his lawn a “Grecian Temple” to receive the statue of -Shakespeare by Roubiliac which now stands in the entrance hall of -the British Museum. Here also stood his famous Shakespeare chair, -designed by Hogarth: it is now in the possession of the Baroness -Burdett-Coutts. At Hampton Garrick received his friends with great -hospitality, and occasionally gave _fêtes champêtres_ with the -accompaniments of fireworks and illuminations. Horace Walpole, -finding himself a fellow-visitor with the Duke of Grafton, Lord and -Lady Rochford, the Spanish Minister, and other great people, wrote -to Bentley: “This is being _sur un assez bon ton_ for a player.” -Garrick gave treats to the children of Hampton in his grounds. -After his death, Hampton House and the house in Adelphi Terrace -were occupied for forty-three years by Mrs. Garrick. She preserved -the Hampton furniture exactly as her husband left it. - -[456] The mystery of Mrs. Garrick’s origin has never been cleared -up. Some authorities say that she was the daughter of a respectable -Vienna citizen named John Veigel. According to the story told -by Charles Lee Lewis (see his _Memoirs_, 1805), and denied by -Mrs. Garrick, she was the fruit of a liaison which the Earl of -Burlington formed with a young lady of family on the Continent. -At the time of her birth the Earl was back in England, whence he -remitted funds for his daughter’s support. The money is said to -have been dishonestly retained by the person in whose charge she -was placed, and the child herself to have been forced to earn a -living as a dancer. The Earl, hearing of this, arranged that she -should come to England and dance for a higher salary. Later he -took her into his house as companion and teacher to his legitimate -daughter. Then Garrick appeared on the scene, and the benevolent -Earl said to him: “Do you think you could satisfactorily receive -her from my hands with a portion of ten thousand pounds?--and here -let me inform you that she is my daughter.” - -The above story is told by Lee Lewis on the authority of “an aged -domestic who lived at the time it happened at Burlington House, -Piccadilly.” Apparently the same gossiping lady is referred to in -the following note in Mr. Percy Fitzgerald’s _Life of Garrick_: “A -curious little story comes to me, told originally by a housekeeper -in the Burlington family, and, though based on such a loose -foundation, may be worth repeating. On this authority, the story -ran that Lord Burlington, coming to see her, was struck by a -picture, and, on inquiry, found she was actually the daughter of a -lady whom he had known abroad. The result was the discovery that -the Violette was actually his daughter. The authority of the old -housekeeper seems below the dignity of biography, but her testimony -comes to us very circumstantially.” - -The story of Violette’s relationship to the Earl of Burlington -was supported by the covert kindness which she received from that -nobleman. But it has to be remembered that she was the “rage” of -the whole town, “the finest and most admired dancer in the world,” -according to Walpole, and that Lady Burlington, not less than her -lord, was so fond of her, that she would accompany her to the -theatre, and wait in the wings with a pelisse to throw over her -when she came off the stage. Mr. Fitzgerald’s conclusion on the -whole matter is that “her father was someone of rank at Vienna, -possibly one of the Starenberg family, from whom it is said she -brought letters of introduction to England.” - -[457] Lancelot Brown (1715-83) is generally considered the founder -of modern “natural” as distinct from “formal” landscape-gardening. -He laid out Kew, the grounds of Blenheim, and parts of St. James’s -Park and Kensington Gardens. His conversational abilities, extolled -by Hannah More, contributed to his fame. John Taylor relates that -he once assisted the gouty Lord Chatham into his carriage. “Now, -sir, go and adorn your country,” said the grateful statesman. To -which Brown aptly replied: “Go you, my lord, and save it.” - -[458] Pain’s Hill, at Cobham, Surrey, was considered a triumph of -landscape gardening by Horace Walpole and other connoisseurs. Its -owner, the Hon. Charles Hamilton, not content with artificial ruins -and temples disposed after the pictures of Poussin and Claude, -added a hermitage and engaged a hermit at £700 a year. But as the -hermit had all the hardship, and Hamilton all the sentiment, the -arrangement broke down. - -[459] Mr. Carr’s mention of Johnson’s frequent visits recalls the -answer he made to Garrick when asked how he liked the spot: “Ah, -David! it is the leaving of such places that makes a death-bed -terrible.” Some interesting matter relating to the Garricks at -Hampton will be found in Mr. Henry Ripley’s _History and Topography -of Hampton-on-Thames_. The existence of the villa has recently been -threatened by the westward extension of London’s electric tramways, -but, happily, the danger of its removal has been averted. - -[460] George Garrard, A.R.A. (1760-1826), animal painter and -sculptor, led a successful movement to obtain copyright protection -for works of plastic art. He died at Queen’s Buildings, Brompton. - -[461] Michael Dahl (1656-1743) was born in Stockholm. He settled in -London, and became the rival of Kneller. “If he excelled, it was -only in the mediocrity by which he was surrounded” (Redgrave). He -was buried in St. James’s Church, Piccadilly. - -[462] “I have not heard that song better performed since Mr. -Incledon sung it. He was a great singer, sir, and I may say, in -the words of our immortal Shakespeare, that, take him for all -in all, we shall not look upon his like again.” In these words -Hoskins of the _Cave of Harmony_ complimented Colonel Newcome on -his rendering of “Wapping Old Stairs.” Incledon began life in the -navy, where he sang himself into the good graces of his Admiral. -Coming to London in 1783, he became a public singer; but it was not -until 1790 that his success was established by his performance in -_The Poor Soldier_ at Covent Garden. In his later years he relied -mainly on the provinces, in which he travelled under the style of -“The Wandering Melodist.” Though exquisite in song he was clumsy -in appearance. Leslie, the painter, describes him as having “the -face and figure of a low sailor,” yet with these “the most manly -and at the same time the most agreeable voice I ever heard.” -Another good authority records that his voice “was of extraordinary -power, both in the natural and the falsetto. The former, from A to -G, a compass of about fourteen notes, was full and open, neither -partaking of the reed nor the string, and sent forth without the -smallest artifice; and such was its ductility, that when he sang -_pianissimo_, it retained its original ductility. His falsetto, -which he could use from D to E or F, or about ten notes, was rich, -sweet, and brilliant.” - -[463] Funny-movers attended to the boats. A funny was a narrow, -clinker-built pleasure boat for a pair of sculls. “A most -melancholy accident happened one evening this week in the river off -Fulham. A young couple, on the point of marriage, took a sail in a -funny, which unfortunately upset, and the two lovers were drowned” -(_Annual Register_, 1808). - -[464] The Battersea market-gardeners were famous. A rhyme of 1802 -says-- - - “Gardeners in shoals from Battersea shall run, - To raise their kindlier hot-beds in the sun.” - -The first asparagus raised in England is said to have come from -Battersea; and such was the extent of the market-gardens, that -large numbers of Welshwomen tramped thither every spring for -employment in the summer months. - -[465] Not Shakespeare. - -[466] In _A Sentimental Journey_. See “The Passport,” “The -Captive,” and “The Starling.” - -[467] “Old Granby” was doubtless intended as a jesting compliment -to the pensioner, in allusion to the bluff Lord Manners, Marquess -of Granby, renowned for his toughness and gallantry. - -[468] Hugh Hewson died in 1809, and it appears from a newspaper -of that year, quoted by Robert Chambers (_Favourite Authors_: -Smollett), that he was proud of being the prototype of Strap. “His -shop was hung round with Latin quotations, and he would frequently -point out to his acquaintance the several scenes in _Roderick -Random_ pertaining to himself, which had their foundation, not -in the Doctor’s inventive fancy, but in truth and reality. The -Doctor’s meeting him at a barber’s shop at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, -and the subsequent mistake at the inn; their arrival together in -London, and the assistance they experienced from Strap’s friend, -were all of that description.” - -But there are four Straps in the field. Faulkner, in his _Chelsea_, -finds the “real” Strap in one William Lewis, a book-binder, who -died in 1785. Smollett, he says, induced Lewis to set up business -in Chelsea, and procured him customers. “I resided seven years in -the same house with his widow, and had frequent opportunities of -hearing a confirmation of the anecdotes of her husband, as related -by the celebrated novelist.” - -Another claimant was one Duncan Niven, a Glasgow wig-maker, -referred to in the _Gentleman’s Magazine_ as “the person, it -is said, from whom Dr. Smollett took his character of Strap in -_Roderick Random_.” - -Lastly, one Hutchinson, a Dunbar barber, had some pretensions to be -Strap. - -[469] Of these taverns the most famous are the Old Swans at London -Bridge and Chelsea. The former stood for centuries beside Swan -Stairs (now represented by the Old Swan Pier), and was well known -to all passengers on the river who elected to avoid the dangerous -“shooting” of London Bridge. On July 30, 1763, Dr. Johnson and -Boswell landed for this reason at the Old Swan on their way down to -Greenwich, re-embarking at Billingsgate. - -The name of the Old Swan of Chelsea, an inn known to Pepys, is -perpetuated in Old Swan House, a modern residence built from the -designs of Mr. Norman Shaw. The “New Swan,” which, however, was -really a second “Old Swan,” has also disappeared, but, according -to Mr. R. Blunt’s excellent _Historical Handbook to Chelsea_, its -quaint garden, entered by steps from the river, under the long -signboard, is within the memory of many residents. - -[470] “The bells of this church were recast by Ruddle, and tuned -by Mr. Harrison, the inventor of the Timekeeper; they are esteemed -equal to any peal of bells in this Kingdom, and have nearly the -same sound as those of Magdalen College, Oxford” (Faulkner: -_Historical Account of Fulham_, 1813). - -[471] In _Magna Britannia_ it is not only stated that this street -was originally called Hartshorn Lane, but that Ben Jonson once -lived in it (S.). The belief that Ben Jonson lived here as a boy -rests on the statement of Fuller, who, in his _Worthies_, says: -“Though I cannot with all my industrious inquiry find him in his -cradle, I can fetch him from his long coats. When a little child -he lived in Hartshorn Lane, near Charing Cross, where his mother -married a bricklayer for her second husband.” - -[472] The circumstances of this crime have remained an unsolved -mystery. Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey was found in a ditch near -Primrose Hill on the evening of October 17, five days after his -disappearance from his house in Green Lane, Strand, and five weeks -after hearing Titus Oates swear to the existence of a Popish plot. -Smith’s statement that he was murdered in Somerset House rests on -the utterly corrupt and contradictory testimony of Miles Prance, -the Roman Catholic silversmith. His evidence, however, sent three -men to the gallows, who protested their innocence to the last. -The whole subject is re-examined by Mr. Andrew Lang in _Longman’s -Magazine_ of August 1903. - -Four different medals were struck to commemorate and characterise -the murder. In one of these Godfrey is represented walking with a -sword through his body, while on the reverse St. Denis is shown -carrying his head in his hand, with the inscription-- - - “Godfrey walks uphill after he is dead; - Dennis walks downhill carrying his head.” - -The design of another medal illustrates Prance’s statement that -Godfrey’s body was first moved from Somerset House in a sedan -chair, and then on a horse to Primrose Hill. - -The burial of the murdered Justice in St. Martin’s Church was -attended by more than a thousand people of distinction, and his -portrait was placed in the vestry-room, where it hangs to this day. - -[473] William Lloyd (1627-1717), successively Bishop of St. -Asaph, Lichfield-and-Coventry, and Worcester, was Vicar of St. -Martin’s-in-the-Fields 1677-80. - -[474] “The two grand Ingrossers of Coles: viz. The Woodmonger, and -the Chandler. In a dialogue, expressing their unjust and cruell -raising the price of Coales, when, and how they please, to the -generall oppression of the Poore. Penn’d on Purpose to lay open -their subtile practices, and for the reliefe of many thousands of -poore people, in, and about the Cities of London, and Westminster. -By a Well-willer to the prosperity of this famous Common-wealth. -London, Printed for John Harrison at the Holy-Lamb at the East end -of S. Pauls, 1653.” - -[475] It has been demonstrated by Mr. Sidney Young in his learned -work, _The Annals of the Barber Surgeons_ (1890), that this -painting cannot represent the granting of the Charter by Henry -VIII. This event occurred in 1512, when the King was but twenty-one -years of age; Holbein makes him a man of fifty. Mr. Young believes -Holbein’s subject to be the Union of the Barbers Company with the -Guild of Surgeons, accomplished by Act of Parliament in 1540. - -[476] Of this picture, which narrowly escaped the Fire of London, -Pepys thus speaks in his Memoirs:--August 28, 1688. “And at noon -comes by appointment Harris to dine with me: and after dinner he -and I to Chyrurgeons’-hall, where they are building it new,--very -fine; and there to see their theatre, which stood all the fire, and -(which was our business) their great picture of Holbein’s, thinking -to have bought it, by the help of Mr. Pierce, for a little money: I -did think to give £200 for it, it being said to be worth £1000; but -it is so spoiled that I have no mind to it, and is not a pleasant, -though a good picture.”--S. - -[477] This painting represents Edward VI. presenting the Royal -Charter of Endowment to the Lord Mayor in 1552; it cannot, -therefore, be by Holbein, who died in 1543. Walpole attributes the -painting to Holbein, but says the picture was not completed by him. -He states that Holbein introduced his own head into one corner. -Wornum thinks that there is not a trace of this master’s hand in -the picture. - -[478] Her portrait has not been identified with certainty. An old -Windsor catalogue, however, contains her name. - -[479] Richard Dalton was keeper of pictures and antiquary to George -III., and one of the artists who presented to George III. the -petition for the foundation of the Royal Academy. In 1774, Dalton -published about ten etchings from Holbein’s drawings. Perhaps his -greatest service to British art was his bringing Bartolozzi to -England. - -[480] John Chamberlaine (1745-1812), antiquary, succeeded Dalton -in 1791, and published “_Imitations of Original Drawings_, by -Hans Holbein, in the Collection of His Majesty, for the Portraits -of Illustrious Persons at the Court of Henry VIII.” He died at -Paddington Green. - -[481] Conrad Martin Metz (1755-1827) studied engraving in London -under Bartolozzi; he engraved and imitated many drawings by the old -masters. - -[482] Edmund Lodge (1756-1839), Clarenceux Herald in 1838. His -book, known briefly as _Lodge’s Portraits_, was originally issued -in forty folio parts. - -[483] Of Sandby’s “View of Westminster from the garden of old -Somerset House” there is an engraving by Rawle in Smith’s -_Westminster Antiquities_. - -[484] Charles Long, Baron Farnborough (1761-1838), was Secretary -of State for Ireland, and held other important posts. Thomas Moore -calls him “the most determined placeman in England” (Memoirs, iv. -28). His advice was sought on the decoration of the royal palaces -and on London street improvements. He gave many fine pictures to -the National Gallery. - -[485] These views may still be seen in Crowle’s “Pennant,” in the -Print Room. The first represents London from Somerset House about -1795, and the second Somerset House from the east showing the -Lambeth site of Westminster Bridge, etc. In addition, there are in -the Crace collection two London views by Thomas Sandby, and seven -by Paul. See note on Crowle, p. 86. - -[486] In Smith’s day the river washed the base of the Water Gate, -covering at high tide the gardens in which the London County -Council’s band now plays in summer in London now possesses an -approximation to an out-of-door Parisian café. Samuel Scott’s “View -of Westminster from the Thames,” National Gallery, Room xix., shows -the old state of things. - -[487] Etty removed to Buckingham Street in the summer of 1824, from -Stangate Walk, Lambeth. At first he took the “lower floor,” but, -says Gilchrist, “the top floor was the watch-tower for which our -artist sighed,” and he soon obtained it. Here, “having above him,” -as he said, “none but the Angels, and the Catholics who had gone -before him,” he lived for twenty-three years, finding an excellent -housekeeper in his niece. The house stands unaltered, presenting -five storeys to the river just behind the Water Gate. Etty’s last -years (he died in 1849) were given to his birth-place, York, where -his tomb is an object of interest in the grounds of St. Mary’s -Abbey. - -[488] Clarkson Stanfield (1793-1867), the marine and landscape -painter, was scene-painter at three London theatres, including -Drury Lane. “Incomparably the noblest master of cloud-form of all -our artists,” was Ruskin’s praise of this artist; “the soul of -frankness, generosity, and simplicity,” was Dickens’s praise of the -man. - -[489] Roubiliac’s statue of Newton, made for Trinity College, was -pronounced by Chantrey “the noblest, I think, of all our English -statues.” Similarly Roubiliac’s figure of Eloquence was considered -by Canova “one of the noblest statues he had seen in England”: it -occurs in the monument to John, Duke of Argyll and Greenwich, in -Poets’ Corner. - -John Bacon, R.A. (1740-99), established his reputation by his -figure of Mars, which won him the good word of West, the patronage -of the Archbishop of York, and his election as A.R.A. See note on -p. 33. - -John Charles Felix Rossi, R.A. (1762-1839), was born at Nottingham. -He executed statues of Lord Cornwallis, Lord Heathfield, and -others in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and decorated Buckingham Palace. -His “Celadon and Amelia” was executed in Rome. His is the colossal -figure of Britannia in Liverpool Exchange. He was buried in St. -James’s churchyard, Hampstead Road. - -Flaxman’s “Michael vanquishing Satan” was commissioned by Lord -Egremont, and is now at Petworth. - -Of busts, alone, Nollekens executed at least two hundred. - -Chantrey’s genius was fully acknowledged by Nollekens, who would -say when asked to model a bust: “Go to Chantrey; he’s the man for -a bust! he’ll make a good bust for you! I always recommend him” -(Smith: _Nollekens_). - -Londoners see Sir Richard Westmacott’s statues every day without -knowing it. His is the Achilles statue to Wellington in Hyde Park, -the Duke of York on the York Column, and the statue of Fox in -Bloomsbury Square. His statues in St. Paul’s and the Abbey are -numerous; the Abbey has his beautiful monument to Mrs. Warren, a -mother and child. - -Edward Hodges Baily, R.A. (1788-1867), studied under Flaxman. -The bas-relief on the Marble Arch is his, several statues in St. -Paul’s, and the figure of Nelson in Trafalgar Square. - -[490] William Young Ottley (1771-1836), author of _The Origin and -Early History of Engraving_. His knowledge of painting is described -as “astonishing” by Samuel Rogers. On Smith’s death Ottley became -Keeper of the Prints. - -[491] Maso Finiguerra, a skilful Florentine goldsmith, engraved -in 1452 a silver plate to be used as a pax in the church of San -Giovanni, and in order to judge of the effect of his design, -the lines of which he intended to fill with enamel, he poured -some liquid sulphur upon the plate. He then succeeded in taking -impressions of the design on paper. These impressions were once -thought to be the earliest known engravings. It is now proved that -they were not, and that Finiguerra may have had direct instruction -from an early German engraver. - -[492] The site of Mr. Atkinson’s villa and grounds is indicated by -Grove End Road, west of Lord’s Cricket Ground. - -[493] Smith misquotes Ramsay, who wrote-- - - “How halesome ’tis to snuff the cawler air, - And all the sweets it bears, when void of care.” - -_Gentle Shepherd_, 1st ed., Act i. Sc. i. 5, 6. - -[494] William West, actor and composer, lived to a great age, and -was known as the “Father of the Stage.” Some of his songs, such as -“When Love was fresh from her Cradle Bed,” were popular. He died in -1888. - -[495] The Rev. Thomas Hartwell Horne, Rector of St. Edmund the -King and St. Nicholas Acon, was a valuable servant of the British -Museum, to which he came as cataloguer in 1824. He died at his -house in Bloomsbury Square, January 27, 1862. Watt was Robert Watt, -the bibliographer, compiler of _Bibliotheca Britannica_, etc.; he -died in 1819. - -[496] The Post Angel, of which the British Museum has a copy, -was one of the enterprises of John Dunton. His rigmarole preface -sets forth that “by Post-Angels I mean all the invisible Host of -the Middle Region, that are employed about us either as Friends -or Enemies”; his design is “to shew how we should enquire after -News, not as Athenians but as Christians, or (in other words) a -Divine Employment of every Remarkable Occurrence.” Features of this -periodical were “The Lives and Deaths of the most Eminent Persons -that Died in that Month,” and recurrent pious reflections under the -head of “The Spiritual Observator.” - -[497] John Taylor, who was Smith’s life-long friend and the most -genial and patriarchal of artists, died at his house in Cirencester -Place, November 21, 1838, in his ninety-ninth year. Smith mentions -under the year 1779, that he had been the pupil of Frank Hayman, -after which he took up the drawing of portraits in pencil, for -which he received seven-and-sixpence to a guinea each. It is said -that, in Oxford alone, in six or eight years, Taylor drew, or -painted, more than three thousand heads. Finding this employment -poorly paid, he took the advice of his fellow-artist “Jack” Gresse -and set up as drawing-master, investing his savings in annuities -which were to expire in 1840. He died just in time to escape want. -See the early reference to Taylor, p. 80. - -[498] This caricature was brought out on September 7, 1762, and -was entitled “The Bruiser, C. Churchill (once the Reverend!) -in the Character of a Russian Hercules, regaling himself after -having kill’d the Monster CARICATURA that so sorely galled his -virtuous friend, the Heaven-born Wilkes.” Mr. Austin Dobson says: -“Churchill, who had been ordained a priest and abandoned that -calling, appears as a bear, grasping a club, which is inscribed -‘Lye 1, Lye 2,’ etc., and regaling himself with a quart pot of -‘British Burgundy.’” - -[499] Hayman died in 1776, so that this statement has a bearing -on the vexed question of the date of the “Blue Boy,” which some -writers put as late as 1779. Sir Walter Armstrong is convinced -that 1770 is the correct date. If so, Gainsborough could not have -painted the picture, as he is said to have done, to confute a -passage in Sir Joshua Reynolds’s eighth Discourse, which was not -delivered until December 1778. The Blue Boy was Master Jonathan -Buttall, the ironmonger’s son. The subject, history, and ownership -of this famous picture have been the subjects of a controversy -second only, in lengthy inconclusiveness, to that on the Letters of -Junius. In all probability the original picture is the one in the -possession of the Duke of Westminster. - -[500] When advanced in life, and unfitted for sprightly parts, -Mrs. Abington determined to appear as Scrub, the man-of-all-work -to Lady Bountiful in Farquhar’s comedy, _The Beaux’ Stratagem_. -“I was present,” says John Taylor, in his _Records of My Life_, -“and remember nothing in her performance that might not have been -expected from an actor of much inferior abilities. As a proof, too, -that, like many of her profession, she thought herself capable of -characters not within the scope of her powers, I once saw her play -Ophelia to Mr. Garrick’s Hamlet; and, to use a simile of my old -friend Dr. Monsey, she appeared _like a mackerel on a gravel walk_.” - -[501] Hitherto, in the RAINY DAY, _William_ Chambers has appeared, -another misleading slip. Sir Robert was the Indian judge, and is -referred to by Johnson in a letter to Boswell, dated March 5, 1774: -“Chambers is married, or almost married, to Miss Wilton, a girl -of sixteen, exquisitely beautiful, whom he has, with his lawyer’s -tongue, persuaded to take her chance with him in the East.” Miss -Wilton was the daughter of Joseph Wilton, R.A., the sculptor. - -[502] Mr. Taylor’s father was not only highly respected, but for -many years held a principal situation in the Custom House (S.). - -[503] They were cleaned and “restored” by John Francis Rigaud, R.A. - -[504] Doubtless the letter from Mrs. Abington to Mrs. Jordan, -printed under the year 1815. - -[505] John Bannister (Honest Jack) left the stage on the night of -June 1, 1815, when he played in Kenney’s comedy _The World_, and -_The Children in the Wood_. “Your whole conscience stirred with -Bannister’s performance of Walter in the _Children in the Wood_,” -says Lamb; and Haydon, who in 1826 met Bannister by accident in -Chenies Street, Bedford Square, writes: “He held out his hand just -as he used to do on the stage, with the same frank native truth. -As he spoke, the tones of his favourite ‘Walter’ pierced my heart. -It was extraordinary, the effect. ‘Bannister,’ said I, ‘your voice -recalls my early days.’--‘Ah,’ said he, ‘I had some touches, had I -not?’” - -[506] John Pritt Harley (1786-1858) distinguished himself as -singer and actor. He appeared at Drury Lane in 1815, the year of -Bannister’s retirement, and succeeded to many of that comedian’s -parts. He was known as Fat Jack--from his thinness. “I have an -exposition of sleep upon me,” were his last words, spoken on the -stage of the Princess’s Theatre on August 20, 1858. He had hardly -made his exit when he was seized with paralysis, and he died at -14 Upper Gower Street two days later. Harley was an excellent -Shakespearean clown, and an ardent collector of walking-sticks. - -[507] Porridge Island and another rookery called The Bermudas -disappeared about 1829. These were cant names. - - - - -GENERAL INDEX - - - Academy, Royal, its origin and foundation members, 12. - - Ackworth School, 185. - - Adelphi Terrace, No. 5, 80, 239-240. - - “Ad Libitum” Society, 213. - - Admirals’ portraits at Greenwich, 282. - - Aeronaut, an early English, 129. - - Amphitheatre, Broughton’s, 33. - - Anodyne necklaces, 8. - - Auctioneers, famous London, 108-110. - - - Balloon ascent from Vauxhall, 260. - - Baltimore House, 75. - - Bankside, a house on, 78. - - Banqueting House, restoration of Rubens’s ceiling, 319-320. - - Barber-Surgeons’ Hall, 301. - - Battersea market gardeners, 293. - - Beaufort Buildings, festive nights in, 120. - - Bedroom, Dr. John Gardner’s last best, 89. - - Beech-tree at Windsor demolished, 131. - - Beech-tree, drawn by J. T. Smith, 129. - - Beefsteaks, Sublime Society of, 213-214. - - Beggars, famous London, 87, 88, 89, 223. - - Belgrave House, 259. - - Bells, Thames-side church, 298-299. - - Bermondsey Spa, 150-152. - - Bird-fanciers, their London quarters, 69. - - Bistre from a burnt tree, 131. - - Black Boy Alley, 180. - - Bloomsbury Square, Lady Ellenborough in, 100. - - Blotting, the art of, 132. - - Blue Boy, Gainsborough’s, 317. - - Bolsover Street, painters in, 75. - - Bookseller, a Strand, 109. - - Bow, cane-heads made at, 134. - - Brentford, election at, 15. - - Bridewell, picture by Holbein in, 302. - - Brown tree, Sir George Beaumont’s craze for a, 131. - - Buckingham Street, Etty’s rooms in, 305. - - ---- Stanfield, R.A., in, 306. - - “Budget,” John Bannister’s, 206-207. - - Bun House at Chelsea, 147. - - Busby wig, 251. - - - Cake, the Baddeley, 64. - - Capper’s Farm, Great Russell Street, 30. - - Caterpillars, plague of, 272. - - Centenarians, 25. - - “Chapeau de Paille” of Rubens, 243-245. - - Chapter Coffee House, 184. - - Charles II. eats a pickled egg, 70. - - Cheesecakes, etc., at Marylebone Gardens, 57. - - Chelsea Hospital, 295. - - Chelsea porcelain, 284. - - Cherokee Kings at Marylebone, 57. - - “Chloe,” Prior’s, 60. - - Chunee, the elephant, 107. - - Circus, Astley’s, 270-271. - - “Cit’s Country Box,” 17. - - City of London _v._ Copper Holmes, 269. - - Clapham, old, 275. - - Coals, price of, 300. - - “Cocker, according to,” 113. - - Cock-fighting yesterday and to-day, 70. - - Cockney Ladle, 48, 49. - - Cockpits in London, 69-70. - - Coffee used to stain prints, 256. - - Collectors described, 110-122. - - Colvill Court, 32. - - Combing of wigs, 255. - - Conjurer, Breslaw the, 68. - - Connoisseurs at the “Feathers,” etc., 104-106. - - Cooper’s Hill, 99. - - Covent Garden, its hackney chairs, 3. - - ---- artists residing there, 5. - - ---- painting of, by Inigo Jones, 209. - - Crab-tree Fields, 33. - - Cradles, 9. - - Cricket in White Conduit Fields, 192-193. - - Cross Readings, Caleb Whitefoord’s, 113. - - “Cumberland Cock” hat, 236. - - Cup carved from Shakespeare’s mulberry, 250. - - Cuyp, adventure of a, 114. - - - Dards’ Exhibition, 232. - - Denmark Street, St. Giles’s, 27. - - Devonshire Mews, 43. - - Dew, Londoners bathing their faces in, 38. - - Dickens anticipated, 84. - - Dog, Alcibiades’, 233. - - Dog, a London beggar’s, 88, 89. - - Dog-doctor, famous London, 90. - - Doggett’s Coat and Badge, 225-227. - - Dogs, teeth of dead, 91. - - Door-knockers in Fetter Lane, 124-125. - - Draughts player, a famous, 31. - - Drownings in Portman Square, 49. - - Drury Lane Theatre, mismanagement of, 36. - - Dublin, Mrs. Pope and her husband at, 164-166. - - Du Val’s Lane, 193. - - Dyot Street, 87. - - - Edmonton, exclusiveness of, 134. - - ---- rambles near, 134. - - ---- George Morland at, 157. - - Elephant at Exeter Change, 107. - - Elms near Fitzroy Square, 47. - - Elocution, Dr. Trusler’s short cut to, 55. - - Engraving, Smith’s views on, 307. - - Epitaph on Sturges, a draughts-player, 31. - - Epitaph, a remarkable Shoreditch, 89. - - Epping butter, 56, 181. - - Etchings by Baillie, 115. - - Eternity, Fuseli’s image of, 205. - - Execution of Governor Wall, 179-180. - - Exeter Change elephant, 106-108. - - Eye, power of the human, 146-147. - - - Fall of lace, worn by ladies, 75. - - Fans, carried out of doors, 75. - - Fantoccino, 67. - - Farthing Pie House, 24, 47. - - Feathers Tavern in Leicester Fields, 104. - - Feathers Tavern at Waterloo Bridge, 53. - - Fetter Lane, Dolphin door knocker in, 125. - - Field of the Forty Footsteps, 36, 37. - - Finch’s Grotto, 7. - - Fitzroy Square, 47. - - Forgery by W. Wynn Ryland, 198. - - “French Gardens,” 50. - - Funeral, Garrick’s extravagant, 81. - - ---- Henderson’s skit on, 81. - - Funny, a Thames pleasure boat, 293. - - - Garlands, carried by milkmaids, 20. - - Garrat elections, 127. - - Garrick’s villa at Hampton, 283-290. - - George IV., his rocker cradle, 9. - - Gerrard Street, Edmund Burke in, 128. - - Go-carts, 8. - - Goloshes, 75, 79. - - Goodge Street, 32. - - Goose, at Greenwich, 6. - - Gooseberry Fair, 35. - - Grangerised “Pennant,” 86. - - Great Queen Street, No. 55-56, 117. - - Green Man Tavern, 47. - - Greenwich Hospital, pictures at, 290-291. - - Gresse’s Gardens, 32. - - Grosvenor Square, Dr. Johnson shakes a thief in, 78. - - Grotto Garden, 82. - - Guilford Street, gap in, 76. - - - Halfpenny Hatch, 270. - - Hanway Street, 31. - - Harley Fields, 24. - - Hartshorn Lane, 299. - - Hat called “Egham, Staines, and Windsor,” 236. - - ---- “Cumberland Cock,” 236. - - Hermes Hill, 241. - - Highgate, view of, from Bloomsbury, 76. - - High Street, a typical, 39. - - Honey Lane Market, 188. - - Hooligan, an eighteenth-century, 29. - - Horse, Stubbs, R.A., carries a dead, 95. - - Horses at Garrick’s funeral, 81. - - Hot Cross Buns, 148-149. - - Hungerford Stairs, 297. - - - Ireland, the Union with, 169. - - Islington, rural delights of, 17. - - ---- seen from Bloomsbury, 76. - - - Jack-in-the-green, 20. - - “Jenny’s Whim,” 259. - - Jew’s Harp House, 22-23. - - “Jolly Undertakers, The,” 213. - - - Kendall’s Farm at Regent’s Park, 24. - - Kentish Town, dairy near, 26. - - ---- Charles Mathews at, 85. - - Kitten in a parachute, 259-260. - - - _Ladies’ Pocket Book_, 79. - - Langham Hotel, 49. - - “Last Supper,” Benjamin West’s, 91. - - Leverian Museum, 191. - - Leyton, Rockhoult House at, 52. - - “Little Sea,” the, 32. - - London, its rural openness in 1777, 75. - - Londoners’ superstitions, 37, 38. - - Long’s Bowling Green, 51. - - Lottery to dispose of Leverian Museum, 191. - - - Marionettes, 68. - - Marylebone, Academy at, 41-46. - - Marylebone Basin, Quaker youth drowned in, 50. - - Marylebone Gardens, 51-68. - - Marylebone Park, 41. - - Marylebone, Old, 39-50. - - Masks over doors, 28. - - May Day, customs on, 19. - - Mayors of Garrat, 127. - - Medals commemorating murder of Sir E. B. Godfrey, 299. - - Middlesex Hospital, 32. - - Millbank, old, 258-259. - - “Milkmaid, A Merry,” 21. - - “Moses, The Finding of,” fashionable version, 85. - - Mother Red-cap Tavern, 25, 26. - - - Nelson, his remains brought to Whitehall, 182. - - Newgate, Smith’s visit to, 178-183. - - ---- auction at, 183-184. - - Newman Street, view from, 46. - - New Wells, the, 52. - - Norris monument in Westminster Abbey, 274. - - Norton Street, 75. - - Nuremberg, Dürer festival at, 261-265. - - - Onions, peeled by Queen Charlotte, 236. - - Otter’s Pool, 157. - - Oxford Street, old tablet, 31. - - - Paddington, a villa at, 312-313. - - Pain’s Hill at Cobham, 289. - - “Papyrius Cursor,” 113. - - Parachute descent, a famous, 259-260. - - Pariton, a musical instrument, 53. - - Parliament Stairs, 173. - - Pax by Tomaso Finiguerra, 309-312. - - Percy Chapel, Charlotte Street, 96. - - Phlebotomist, a busy, 137. - - Pickled Egg Walk, 70. - - Pie Corner, 181. - - Pimlico, formation of, 260. - - Pipes, New River water, 36. - - Poets’ Corner, 240-242. - - Ponds in old Marylebone, 49. - - Porridge Island, 322. - - Portland Place, 48, 49. - - Portland Vase, the, 130. - - Portman Square, chairmen drowned at, 49. - - Portraits, collected by Charles Mathews, 85. - - Portraiture made easy, 119. - - _Post Angel_, a curious journal, 314. - - Printsellers, portrayed by Rowlandson, 122. - - Prize fight, a famous, 33. - - Puddings, worn by children, 11. - - ---- praised by Nollekens, 12. - - Pump in Ironmonger Lane, 235. - - - Queen Anne Street, 48. - - “Queen’s Head and Artichoke,” 22. - - - Rathbone Place, gatherings at, 96. - - Rats’ Castle, 87. - - Rattlesnakes at Islington, 52. - - Regent’s Park, farms near, 24. - - Rembrandt’s Three Trees “improved,” 115. - - “Resurrection Gate,” 27. - - Rockhoult House, 52. - - Rose Tavern at Marylebone, 51, 58. - - Royal Academy, 12, 13, 68. - - ---- two women admitted, 198. - - Runnymede, 99, 101. - - - St. Bartholomew’s Fair, Belzoni at, 186-187. - - St. Clare, Convent of, 162. - - St. George’s Chapel, George III. in, 102. - - St. George’s Fields, riot in, 13. - - St. Giles in the Fields, 28, 29, 197. - - St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, watermen’s burial ground at, 269. - - St. Paul’s, protection of, from lightning, 173. - - St. Sepulchre’s Church, old custom at, 38, 39. - - St. Stephen’s Chapel, discoveries in, 171-173. - - Salt-box, what was it? 48. - - Scrub, Mrs. Abington as, 318. - - Sculptors enumerated by Smith, 308. - - Sermon by Rowland Hill, 159-160. - - Sermon-monger, Dr. Trusler as a, 55. - - _Serva Padrona, La_, 61. - - Sessions House, Clerkenwell, 47. - - Shakespeare Gallery, Boydell’s, 235. - - Shakespeare, Dr. Kenrick’s lectures on, 63. - - ---- Miss Benger’s lines on, 249. - - ---- his mulberry tree, 250. - - Showman, Flockton the, 186. - - Simon, a London beggar, 87. - - Slack, his fight with Broughton, 33, 34. - - Society of Arts, wall paintings at, 171. - - Soho, watch-house in, 126. - - Soho Square, Sir Joseph Banks in, 229. - - Songs and glees, 155. - - Spinning-wheel Alley, 9. - - Statues, notable London, 308. - - Strand Lane Stairs, scene at, 272-273. - - Stratford Jubilee, 250. - - Surrey Chapel, 158. - - Swan signs on the Thames, 297. - - Swan-upping, 208. - - - Tea-leaves, fortune-telling by, 77. - - Tea-pot, Dr. Johnson’s, 194. - - Teething of children, 8. - - Temple Bar, elephant passes through, 107. - - Tessellated floors, 149. - - Thames, Sandby’s views of, 304. - - Thrale’s Brewery, 78. - - Toplady, buried, 33. - - Topographical collections, 99. - - Tottenham Court Road district, 26 et seq. - - Trusler (Miss), her fruit-tarts and cheesecakes, 56. - - - Ugolino, Sir Joshua Reynolds’s, 281. - - - Vauxhall Gardens, pictures at, 20. - - Venus waited on by footmen, 233. - - Viol-di-gamba, Gainsborough and the, 61. - - Virginia Water, formation of, 102-104. - - - Walnut Tree Field, 33. - - _Waterman, The_, 227-228. - - Waterman’s Hall, portrait in, 226. - - Watermen, Thames, 268-270. - - Watermen’s Burial Ground, 269. - - Westminster Abbey, prize-fighter’s monument in, 34. - - ---- admission to, 241. - - Whips carried by ladies, 79. - - Whitefield’s Tabernacle, 32, 33. - - Whitehall Chapel, repairs of, 273. - - Wigs in England, 251-257. - - Willan’s Farm at Regent’s Park, 23. - - Wimbledon, Horne Tooke at, 209-211. - - Windmill Street, 32. - - Women as Royal Academicians, 198. - - - - -INDEX OF PERSONS - - - Abington (Mrs.), 214-212, 308. - - Adams (George), 151. - - Adams ( John), 139. - - Amherst (Lady), 240. - - Angelo (Michael), 27-28. - - Armstrong (Dr. George), 21. - - Armstrong (Dr. John), 15. - - Arnald, A.R.A., 175, 277. - - Arne (Dr.), 181. - - Arnold (Dr. S.), 62. - - Arnold (S. J.), 213. - - Astley, 270-271. - - Atkinson, 312. - - - Bacon, R.A., 13, 33, 308. - - Baddeley, 64. - - Baillie (Captain), 114. - - Baily, R.A., 309. - - Baker, R.A., 12. - - Baker, 115. - - Banks (Sir Joseph), 229. - - Banks (Mrs.), 229-231. - - Bannister (Charles), 61. - - Bannister (John), 206-207, 320. - - Barbauld (Mrs.), 79. - - Baretti, 47. - - Barrett, R.A., 12. - - Barrington (Hon. Daines), 89. - - Barrow, 42. - - Barry, R.A., 13, 170, 171. - - Bartolozzi, R.A., 12, 82. - - Basire, 111. - - Bates (Dr.), 202. - - Battishill, 154, 155. - - Bean (Rev.), 27. - - Beaumont (Sir G.), 94, 131. - - Beauvais, 119. - - Bell (Dr.), 38. - - Beltz, 237. - - Belzoni, 187-190. - - Benger, 249-250. - - Bentley, 174. - - Beresford, 78. - - Bingham, 26. - - Blake (William), 97, 199. - - Blaquière, 220. - - Blewitt, 153. - - Bonnington, 273. - - Boswell, 147. - - Boydell, 235. - - Brand, 172. - - Breslaw, 68. - - Bretherton, 16, 17. - - Broughton, 33, 34, 226. - - Brown (“Capability”), 288. - - Buchan (Dr.), 184-185. - - Bull, 99. - - Bunbury, 17. - - Burchell, 8. - - Burges (Dr.), 235. - - Burgoyne (General), 96, 216. - - Burke (Edmund), 128, 144. - - Burlington (Lord), 287. - - Burney (Miss), 22. - - Burton, 22. - - Busby (Dr.), 251. - - Bush, 196. - - Buttall, 318. - - Byron (Lord), 18, 108. - - - Caillot, 63, 68. - - Calonne, 276. - - Camelford (Lord), 201. - - Campe, 262. - - Canning (Elizabeth), 135. - - Capper, 30. - - Caracci, 195. - - Carey, 65. - - Carlile, 50. - - Carlini, 13. - - Carr, 283. - - Carr, 240. - - Carter (Elizabeth), 3, 79, 231. - - Carter (John), 173. - - Cartwright (Major), 247-248. - - Catley, 6, 58. - - Catton, R.A., 12. - - Caulfield, 154. - - Chamberlaine, 303. - - Chamberlen, 8. - - Chamberlin, R.A., 12. - - Chambers, R.A., 12, 75. - - Chambers (Sir Robert), 318. - - Chantrey, R.A., 283, 308. - - Charlemont (Earl of), 168-170. - - Charles II., 70. - - Cheesman, 169. - - Chetwood, 3. - - Cholmondeley (Mrs.), 146. - - Christie, 250-251. - - Chun, 25. - - Churchill, 316-317. - - Cibber, 255. - - Cipriani, R.A., 12, 129, 319. - - Clarence (Duke of), 222. - - Clark, 101. - - Clarke (Dr. Adam), 44. - - Cocker, 113. - - Coffey, 2. - - Cole, 111. - - Collins, 258. - - Constable, R.A., 47, 160-162. - - Cooke, 271. - - Coram, 12. - - Cornelius, 262. - - Cosway, R.A., 13, 217. - - Cosway (Maria), 180. - - Cotes, R.A., 12, 164. - - Cowper (Charles), 224. - - Cowper (William), 18, 55. - - Coxe (“Social Day”), 182. - - Cozens, 132. - - Cranch, 162. - - Cremorne (Lord), 253. - - Crowle, 43, 86, 304. - - Cumberland (Duke of), 34. - - Curtis, 271. - - - Dahl, 292. - - Dalton, 303. - - Dance (James), 1. - - Dance, R.A. (George), 1, 204. - - Dance, R.A. (Nathaniel), 12, 237. - - Daniell, R.A., 204. - - Darby, 83. - - Dards, 232. - - David, 180. - - Davies (Tom), 110, 285. - - Dawson (Nancy), 10. - - Dekker, 259. - - De la Place, 41, 42. - - Delaval, 173-175. - - Delpini, 123. - - De Wint, 97. - - Dibdin, 70, 104, 292. - - Dinsdale, 126. - - Doggett, 225-227. - - Dollond, 152. - - Dorset (Duke of), 192. - - Douglas, 100. - - Drury (Dr.), 101. - - Ducarel, 24. - - Ducrow, 271. - - Dunstan, 127-128. - - Dunton, 314. - - Duvall, 253. - - Dürer, Albrecht, 261-265. - - Du Val, 193. - - Dyer, 42. - - Dyot, 87. - - - Easton, 25. - - Edmunds, 106. - - Edridge, A.R.A., 106. - - Edwards, A.R.A., 115. - - Edy, 87. - - Elizabeth (Queen), 22. - - Ellenborough (Lord), 100. - - Esdaile, 273-274, 277. - - Etty, R.A., 305. - - Everdingen, 259. - - - Faber, 5. - - Falkner, 53. - - Farnborough (Lord), 304. - - Fielding (Sir John), 56. - - Finch’s Grotto, 7. - - Finiguerra, 309. - - Fischer, 35. - - Fitzroy, 33. - - Flaxman, R.A., 96, 98, 128, 172, 308. - - Fleetwood, 36. - - Flockton, 68, 186. - - Foote, 1, 108, 135. - - Forde (Dr.), 177. - - Fountayne, 40, 42, 43. - - Fountayne (Mrs.), 44, 45, 59. - - Fourment, 11. - - Francklin, 242-243. - - Frost, 161. - - Fuseli, R.A., 14, 204-205. - - - Gainsborough, R.A., 12, 160, 258, 317. - - Gardner, 89. - - Garnerin, 259-260. - - Garrard, R.A., 289. - - Garrick-- - Seen by Smith, 87. - Farewell of the stage, 70-74, 228. - Death and burial, 80-81. - His eyes, 146. - And Mrs. Pope, 163. - And Mrs. Abington, 215-216. - Presented with a cup, 250-251. - His wigs, 257. - His villa, 284-290. - - Garrick (Mrs.), 236-243, 285-288. - - Gay, 6. - - George III., 5, 101-102, 130, 247, 253. - - George IV., 9, 35, 245, 282. - - Giardini, 61. - - Gilliland, 225. - - Godfrey (Sir E. Berry), 254, 299. - - Goldsmith (Dr.), 17, 57, 257. - - Goodge, 32. - - Gossett (Dr.), 112. - - Gough, 109-110, 140. - - Goyen, 259. - - Granby (Marquis of), 295. - - Green, 166. - - Gresse, 32. - - Greville, 129. - - Griffith, 80. - - Grose (Captain), 105. - - Gubbins, 162. - - Gwynn, R.A., 12. - - - Hamilton (Sir W.), 127. - - Hamilton (Lady), 129, 182. - - Hand, 147. - - Handel, 43. - - Hargrave, 42. - - Harley, 86, 320-321. - - Harrington (Lady), 44. - - Harris, 213. - - Hart (Emma), 129. - - Hartry, 137. - - Hawkins (Sir John), 194. - - Hayman, 13, 20, 317. - - Hearne, 105. - - Heath, 270, 298. - - Heberfield, 258. - - Henderson (John), 81, 121. - - Henderson (William), 85. - - Henry VIII., 301. - - Hewson, 296. - - Heywood, 122. - - Hill (Rowland), 101. - - Hill (Rev. Rowland), 158-159. - - Hillier, 194, 256. - - Hinchliffe (Dr.), 82. - - Hoare, R.A., 13. - - Hoare (Sir R. C.), 93. - - Hogarth-- - In Covent Garden, 5. - And Vauxhall Gardens, 20. - March to Finchley, 30, 33. - His engraver, Sullivan, 34. - Rake’s Progress, 40. - The “Five Orders of Perriwigs,” 104. - Vogue of his prints, 121. - Caricature of Churchill, 317. - - Hogarth (Mrs.), 56. - - Holbein, 301-302. - - Holmes (“Copper”), 150, 268-269. - - Hone, R.A., 12, 97, 134. - - Hone (W.), 9, 20. - - Hopkins, 116. - - Hopkins (“Vulture”), 253. - - Horne (Rev. H.), 314. - - Horneck, 17. - - Howard, R.A., 12. - - Howard of Effingham, 282. - - Huddesford, 93, 103, 183. - - Hudson (Tom of Ten Thousand), 5. - - Hudson (Thomas), 280-281. - - Hughes, 70. - - Humphry, R.A., 97, 109. - - Hunter (Dr. William), 2. - - Huntington (Rev. W.), 211-212. - - Hutchins, 108. - - Hutchinson (“Strap”?), 297. - - - Incledon, 292-293. - - Ireland (Dean), 241. - - Ireland (Samuel), 139. - - - Jackson, 82. - - James I., 76. - - James, 99. - - James (Sir W. J.), 222. - - Janssen, 142. - - Jeffreys (Judge), 140. - - Jennings (or Noel), 233-235. - - Johnson (Dr. Samuel)-- - His mention of John Rann, 38. - Joke about Cuper’s Gardens, 53. - Visits to Marylebone Gardens, 63. - Described by Smith, 77. - Seizes a thief, 78. - Discusses Garrick’s funeral, 81. - His original for Pekuah, 90. - Befriends Paterson, 109. - Discusses the human eye, 146-147. - His death, 194. - With Garrick at Hampton, 289. - - Jones (Inigo), 209. - - Jonson, 299. - - Jordan (Mrs.), 221-223. - - Joslin, 41. - - Junius, 93. - - - Kauffman, R.A., 12, 79, 197, 200. - - Kean, 65. - - Keate, 90. - - Keithe, 25. - - Kendall, 24. - - Kenrick, 63. - - Kett, 94. - - Keyse, 150, 152. - - King, 136. - - Kip, 2, 3. - - Kneller, 5, 21, 291. - - Knight, 245-246. - - Königsmark, 5. - - - Lake (Sir J. W.), 107, 134. - - Lamb (Charles), 160, 223, 241. - - Lambert, 213. - - Langford, 108. - - Lauron, 21. - - Lawrence, R.A., 98, 280. - - Legat, 283. - - Leicester (Sir F.), 99. - - Lely (Sir Peter), 5, 255, 280. - - Lemon, 142-143. - - Lennox, 193. - - Lenox (Lady Sarah), 163. - - Lenox (Charlotte), 79. - - L’Estrange, 149. - - Lever (Sir Ashton), 100, 191. - - Lewis (“Strap”?), 296. - - Lloyd, 17. - - Lloyd (Bishop), 300. - - Locatelli, 46. - - Lochee, 85. - - Lock, 195. - - Lodge, 303. - - Lort (Dr.), 99, 111. - - Love (James), 1. - - Love (artist), 27. - - Lowe, 1, 7, 48, 59. - - - MacArdell, 11. - - Macaulay (Catherine), 80. - - Macauley, 240. - - MacNally, 223. - - Manners-Sutton (Archbishop), 225. - - Marion, 67. - - Marlborough (Duke of), 2. - - Martin, 37. - - Mary Queen of Scots, 76. - - Mathew (Rev. H.), 96. - - Mathew (Mrs.), 128. - - Mathews (Charles), 85. - - Maton (Dr.), 240. - - Maynard (Viscount), 92. - - Mayo (Dr.), 141. - - Meckenen, 9. - - Mendip (Lord), 195. - - Metz, 303. - - Meyer, R.A., 12. - - Meyrick (Dr.), 105, 254. - - Millan, 109. - - Mitchell, 119. - - Mogg, 6. - - Money (Major), 128. - - Monk, 34. - - Monro (Dr.), 105. - - Montagu (Mrs.), 79. - - Montagu (Lady M. W.), 51. - - Montgomery (“Satan”), 96. - - More (Hannah), 80. - - More (Sir T.), 301. - - Morland, 156. - - Moser, R.A., 12, 28, 37, 109. - - Moser, R.A. (Miss), 12, 197. - - “Mother Damnable,” 26. - - Muet, 149. - - Musgrave (Sir W.), 10, 40. - - Musgrave, 116. - - Myddelton (Sir Hugh), 142. - - - Nelson (Admiral Lord), 182. - - Newton, R.A., 12. - - Niven (“Strap”?), 297. - - Nixon, 212. - - Noel (or Jennings), 194. - - Nollekens, R.A., 12, 38. - - Nollekens (Mrs.), 22, 39, 89, 113. - - - Onslow (Speaker), 22. - - Oram, 98, 104. - - Orford (Lord), 35. - - Ottley, 309. - - - Packer, 121. - - Palmer, 123. - - Parkyns, 42. - - Parsons (Sir L.), 169. - - Parsons (Nancy), 92. - - Parton, 196. - - Paterson, 108, 110. - - Peel (Sir R.), 245. - - Penny, R.A., 13. - - Pepys, 228, 302. - - Pergolesi, 61. - - Peters, 160. - - Petitot, 35. - - Phillips (Lieut.-Col.), 145. - - Piozzi, 322. - - Pliny, 3. - - Pope (actor), 163-164. - - Pope (Alexander), 253. - - Pope (Mrs.), 163. - - Pope (Miss), 95. - - Porter, 268. - - Porter (Miss), 48. - - Prickett (Mrs. J. T. Smith), 133. - - Prior, 60. - - Pyne, 19, 24. - - - Rackett, 241-242. - - Ramsay, 313. - - Rann, 38. - - Ratcliffe (Dr.), 5. - - Rawle, 117. - - Rebecca, R.A., 13, 68. - - Reinagle, 129. - - Rembrandt, 9, 115, 278. - - Reynolds (Sir Joshua), 12, 14, 97, 144, 146, 152, 219, 281. - - Rice, 25. - - Rich, 213. - - Richards, R.A., 13, 279. - - Richardson (Dr.), 190, 279. - - Richardson (Jonathan), 18, 19. - - Rigaud, R.A., 319. - - Robins, 5. - - Robinson (“Perdita”), 83. - - Robinson (Sir T.), 52. - - Roma, 76. - - Rooker, 13, 42. - - Rossi, R.A., 308. - - Roubiliac, 274, 308. - - Roupell, 272. - - Rowlandson, 87. - - Roxburgh (Duke of), 99, 176. - - Rubens, 11, 12, 195, 244, 319. - - Rumming, 137. - - Ruysdael, 259. - - Ryland, 198. - - - Salt (Henry), 132. - - Salt (Samuel), 101. - - Sandby, R.A. (Paul), 12, 131, 303. - - Sandby, R.A. (Thomas), 12, 92, 102-103, 303. - - Sandwich (Lord), 96, 104. - - Schneider, 264. - - Schültze, 261. - - Score, 281. - - Scott (Samuel), 104. - - Seago, 87. - - Seguier, 122, 319. - - Serres, R.A., 13. - - Shakespeare, 9. - - Sheridan, R.B., 123, 146, 158. - - Sheridan (Mrs.), 79. - - Sherwin, 83, 84. - - Shovel (Sir Cloudesley), 253. - - Shuter, 35. - - Siddons, 74, 84. - - Slack, 33, 34. - - Smart, 161. - - Smedley, 250, 273-274. - - Smith (Admiral), 4, 278-279. - - Smith (Charles), 27. - - Smith (Nathaniel), 4. - - SMITH (JOHN THOMAS)-- - Birth, 2. - His stick “Bannister,” 78. - Runs to Garrick’s funeral, 80. - Kissed by “Perdita,” 83. - His will, 86. - Sits for head of St. John, 91. - Meets George III., 101-102. - Visits Chunee the elephant, 107. - Thinks of being an actor, 123. - Marries, 132. - Illustrates Pennant, 133. - Lives at Edmonton, 133. - Applies for mastership, 166-168. - Publishes _Antiquities of Westminster_, 202. - Keeper of the Prints, 224. - Publishes _Vagabondiana_, 223. - - Smollett, 296. - - Solly (Mrs.), 242, 290. - - Southey, 37. - - Sprimont, 284. - - Squires, 135. - - Standly, 278. - - Stanfield, R.A., 306. - - Staunton, 3. - - Steevens, 63. - - Stepney (Sir T.), 234. - - Stewart, 309-312. - - Storace, 58. - - Storer, 99. - - Strange (Sir R.), 82, 142. - - Stuart (“Athenian”), 104. - - Stubbs, R.A., 95. - - Sturges, 31. - - Suett, 118. - - Sullivan, 34, 105. - - - Tanner, 8. - - Tarleton (Sir B.), 193. - - Tarr, 2. - - Tatham, 267. - - Taylor, 80, 316-319. - - Thane, 219. - - Thompson, 29. - - Thrale, 78. - - Thynne (Thomas), 5. - - Thynne (Lord John), 241. - - Toms, R.A., 12. - - Tooke, 209-211. - - Topham (Colonel), 153. - - Toplady, 33. - - Torré, 63. - - Townley, 77, 195-196. - - Townsend, 101. - - Townshend, 253-254. - - Towry, 100. - - Trusler (Rev. J.), 45, 55. - - Trusler (Miss), 56. - - Tunnard, 78. - - Turner, R.A., 151. - - Turpin, 59. - - Twigg, 3. - - Tyers, 20, 316, 319. - - Tyler, R.A., 12. - - - Vandyke, 142. - - Veigel (Mrs. Garrick), 287. - - Voltaire, 3. - - - Wale, R.A., 12. - - Wall (Governor), 176-180. - - Walks (Dr.), 255. - - Walpole (Horace), 18, 36, 61, 111, 220-221. - - Walpole (Sir R.), 94. - - Warton, 94. - - Watt, 314. - - Weever, 89. - - Welch, 39. - - Wellington (Duke of), 252. - - Wells (“Mother”), 135. - - Wesley, 33. - - West, 313. - - West, P.R.A. (Benjamin), 12, 91, 129, 195. - - Westmacott, R.A., 308. - - Weston, 208. - - White, 202. - - Whitefield, 24, 32, 33. - - Whitefield (Mrs.), 33. - - Whitefoord, 113. - - Wigston, 156, 157. - - Wilkes, 13, 15-16, 75, 93. - - Willan, 23. - - Willes (Sir J. S.), 157. - - William III., 281-282, 315. - - William IV., 291. - - Wilmot, 15, 16. - - Wilson, R.A., 5, 12, 47, 75. - - Wilton, R.A., 12, 318. - - Wilton (Miss), 318. - - Winchilsea (Earl of), 192. - - Winston, 62. - - Woffington, 21. - - Wolcot (Dr.), 119-120. - - Wolsey (Cardinal), 141. - - Woodforde, 95. - - Woodhouse, 116. - - Woodhull, 117. - - Woollett, 253, 307. - - Worlidge, 117. - - Wrighten, 153. - - Wroth (Sir H.), 140. - - Wyatt, 92. - - Wyatt, R.A., 13, 172. - - Wynn (Sir W. W.), 238. - - - Yates, 35. - - Yates (Mrs.), 44. - - Yeo, R.A., 12. - - - Zoffany, R.A., 13, 285. - - Zuccarelli, R.A., 13. - - Zucchero, 76, 282. - - Zucchi, A.R.A., 13, 81, 200. - -_Printed by MORRISON & GIBB LIMITED, Edinburgh_ - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's A Book for a Rainy Day, by John Thomas Smith - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY *** - -***** This file should be named 54693-0.txt or 54693-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/4/6/9/54693/ - -Produced by MWS and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet -Archive/American Libraries.) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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- width: auto; - height: auto; -} - -.poetry { - display: block; - margin-left: 1.5em; -} - -.blockquote { - margin: 1.5em 5%; -} -} - </style> - </head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Book for a Rainy Day, by John Thomas Smith - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: A Book for a Rainy Day - or, Recollections of the Events of the Years 1766-1833 - -Author: John Thomas Smith - -Editor: Wilfred Whitten - -Release Date: May 9, 2017 [EBook #54693] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY *** - - - - -Produced by MWS and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet -Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i">[i]</a></span></p> - -<h1>A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY</h1> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii">[ii]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 530px;" id="illus1"> - -<img src="images/illus1.jpg" width="530" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">JOHN THOMAS SMITH</p> - -<p class="caption">AUTHOR OF “NOLLEKENS AND HIS TIMES,” “A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY,” ETC.</p> - -</div> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[iii]</a></span></p> - -<p class="titlepage larger">A BOOK<br /> -FOR A RAINY DAY</p> - -<p class="center">OR RECOLLECTIONS OF THE<br /> -EVENTS OF THE YEARS 1766-1833</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smaller">BY</span><br /> -JOHN THOMAS SMITH</p> - -<p class="titlepage"><span class="smaller">EDITED, WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES<br /> -BY</span><br /> -WILFRED WHITTEN</p> - -<p class="titlepage smaller">WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM CONTEMPORARY PRINTS</p> - -<p class="titlepage">METHUEN & CO.<br /> -36 ESSEX STREET W.C.<br /> -LONDON</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[iv]</a></span></p> - -<p class="titlepage smaller"><i>This Edition was first Published in 1905</i></p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[v]</a></span></p> - -<h2>AUTHOR’S PREFACE</h2> - -<p>The highly flattering manner in which my work, -entitled <cite>Nollekens and his Times</cite>, was generally -received, induced me to collect numerous scattered biographical -papers, which I have considerably augmented -with a variety of subjects, arranged chronologically, according -to the years of my life.</p> - -<p>Some may object to my vanity, in expecting the reader -of the following pages to be pleased with so heterogeneous -a dish. It is, I own, what ought to be called a salmagundi, -or it may be likened to various suits of clothes, made up -of remnants of all colours. One promise I can make, that -as my pieces are mostly of new cloth, they will last the -longer. Dr. Johnson has said:</p> - -<p>“All knowledge is of itself of some value. There -is nothing so minute or inconsiderable, that I would not -rather know, than not.”</p> - -<p>Lord Orrery, in a letter to Dr. Birch, dated November, -1741, makes the following observation:</p> - -<p>“I look upon anecdotes as debts due to the public, -which every man, when he has that kind of cash by him, -ought to pay.”</p> - -<p class="right"><span class="smcap">J. T. Smith.</span></p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span></p> - -<h2>LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS</h2> - -<table summary="List of illustrations"> - <tr> - <td class="illus">JOHN THOMAS SMITH</td> - <td class="tdr" colspan="2"><a href="#illus1"><i>Frontispiece</i></a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Engraving by <span class="smcap">William Skelton</span> of the Drawing by <span class="smcap">John Jackson</span>, R.A.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">NANCY DAWSON</td> - <td class="ditto"><i>Facing page</i></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus2">10</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Contemporary Print.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">ROYAL ACADEMICIANS REFLECTING ON THE TRUE LINE OF BEAUTY AT THE LIFE ACADEMY, SOMERSET HOUSE.</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus3">14</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Drawing by <span class="smcap">Robert Cruikshank</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">THE DELIGHTS OF ISLINGTON</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus4">17</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Engraving by <span class="smcap">Charles Bretherton</span> of the Caricature by <span class="smcap">Henry William Bunbury</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">“SING TANTARARA—VAUXHALL! VAUXHALL!”</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus5">24</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span> (<cite>Microcosm of London</cite>).</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">GEORGE WHITEFIELD</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus6">32</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Painting by <span class="smcap">Nathaniel Hone</span>, mezzotinted by <span class="smcap">Grenwoode</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">JOHN RANN</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus7">38</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Contemporary Print.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">LONDON BEGGARS: JOHN MACNALLY</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus8">45</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Etching by <span class="smcap">John Thomas Smith</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">LONDON BEGGARS: A SILVER-HAIRED MAN</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus9">52</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Etching by <span class="smcap">John Thomas Smith</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">LONDON MATCH BOYS</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus10">58</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Etching by <span class="smcap">John Thomas Smith</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">IMAGES</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus11">63</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Etching by <span class="smcap">John Thomas Smith</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">THE ROYAL COCKPIT</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus12">68</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Drawing by <span class="smcap">Pugin</span> and <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">DR. SAMUEL JOHNSON</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus13">78</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Thomas Trotter</span>, done from life, and engraved by <span class="smcap">Priscott</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">“PERDITA” ROBINSON</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus14">83</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">Transcriber’s Note: this picture was omitted from the original book’s list of illustrations, and has here been added.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">MRS. SIDDONS</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus15">85</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Portrait by <span class="smcap">John Keyse Sherwin</span>, engraved by the painter.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span>BENJAMIN WEST, P.R.A.</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus16">91</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">Gilbert Stuart</span> in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">CAPTAIN FRANCIS GROSE</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus17">105</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Dance</span>, engraved by <span class="smcap">Ridley</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">COVENT GARDEN</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus18">108</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Print, “Morning,” by <span class="smcap">Hogarth</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">UMBRELLAS TO MEND</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus19">115</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Etching by <span class="smcap">John Thomas Smith</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">CHRISTIE’S AUCTION ROOM</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus20">120</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Pugin</span> and <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span> (<cite>Microcosm of London</cite>).</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">AN OLD LONDON WATCH-HOUSE</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus21">126</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Pugin</span> and <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span> (<cite>Microcosm of London</cite>).</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">SIR HARRY DINSDALE AND SIR JEFFERY DUNSTAN</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus22">129</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From Contemporary Prints.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">ELIZABETH CANNING’S IMPOSTURE</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus23">135</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Contemporary Print.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">RICHARD BRINSLEY SHERIDAN</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus24">147</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">John Russell</span>, R.A., in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">J. W. M. TURNER, R.A.</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus25">152</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Water-Colour Drawing by <span class="smcap">John Thomas Smith</span> in the British Museum Print Room.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">GEORGE MORLAND</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus26">157</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Drawing by <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">THE REV. ROWLAND HILL</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus27">161</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Drawing by <span class="smcap">Thomas Clark</span>, engraved by <span class="smcap">William Bond</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">JAMES BARRY, R.A.</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus28">168</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Portrait painted by himself, in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">THE OLD HOUSE OF COMMONS</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus29">173</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Pugin</span> and <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span> (<cite>Microcosm of London</cite>).</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">NEWGATE CHAPEL ON THE EVE OF SEVERAL EXECUTIONS</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus30">178</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Pugin</span> and <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span> (<cite>Microcosm of London</cite>).</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">THOMAS AUGUSTINE ARNE</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus31">181</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Caricature (based upon a Drawing by <span class="smcap">Bartolozzi</span>) in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">LADY HAMILTON</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus32">184</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">After a Painting by <span class="smcap">Romney</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span>GIOVANNI BATTISTA BELZONI</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus33">188</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">William Brockedon</span> in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">BARTHOLOMEW FAIR</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus34">193</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Pugin</span> and <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span> (<cite>Microcosm of London</cite>).</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">CHARLES TOWNLEY</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus35">198</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Painting by <span class="smcap">Johann Zoffany</span>, R.A., engraved by <span class="smcap">Worthington</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">JAMES NORTHCOTE, R.A.</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus36">205</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Drawing by <span class="smcap">James Lonsdale</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">WILLIAM HUNTINGTON, “S.S.”</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus37">212</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">Domenico Pellegrini</span> in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">MRS. JORDAN IN THE CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY GIRL</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus38">222</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">Romney</span>, engraved by <span class="smcap">John Ogbourne</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">HENRY CONSTANTINE JENNINGS (OR NOEL)</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus39">233</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Contemporary Print.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">DAVID GARRICK AND HIS WIFE</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus40">243</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">Hogarth</span>, engraved by <span class="smcap">H. Bourne</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">DR. OLIVER GOLDSMITH</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus41">257</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Drawing by <span class="smcap">Henry William Bunbury</span>, engraved by <span class="smcap">Bretherton</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">THE WIG IN ENGLAND: A MACARONI READY FOR THE PANTHEON</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus42">265</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Contemporary Print.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">MATS TO SELL</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus43">281</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Etching by <span class="smcap">John Thomas Smith</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">CHARLES DIBDEN</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus44">292</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">Thomas Phillips</span>, R.A., in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">A PARTY ON THE RIVER</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus45">298</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From a Drawing by <span class="smcap">Robert Cruikshank</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">SIR EDMUND BERRY GODFREY</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus46">303</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From an Engraving by <span class="smcap">P. Vandrebane</span>.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">JOHN FLAXMAN, R.A., MODELLING THE BUST OF HAYLEY</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus47">309</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by <span class="smcap">Romney</span> in the National Portrait Gallery.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="illus">THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH, R.A.</td> - <td class="ditto"><span class="ditto">”</span> <span class="ditto">”</span></td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#illus48">317</a></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="indent">From the Painting by himself in the Royal Academy.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - </tr> -</table> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[ix]</a></span></p> - -<h2>THIS EDITION</h2> - -<p>The first two editions of <cite>A Book for a Rainy Day</cite> -appeared in 1845, twelve years after John Thomas -Smith’s death, and a third appeared in 1861. As these -editions do not contain half a dozen notes other than Smith’s -own, this may claim to be the first annotated edition. It -is also the first in which numerous original misprints have -been (as I hope) corrected.</p> - -<p>The lapse of seventy years has made many notes -necessary. I have endeavoured to write these in the spirit -of the book, making them something more than brief -categorical answers to questions suggested by Smith’s -journal. His own notes were interesting after-thoughts, -and for this reason, and to avoid confusion, the great -majority are now incorporated in his text. Where any -are retained as footnotes, Smith’s authorship is indicated. -If my additions to the book seem profuse, I can only plead -that the <cite>Rainy Day</cite> offers to the annotator that abundance -of material which has long pleased and bewildered its -“Grangerisers.” And our climate has not improved.</p> - -<p>I wish to acknowledge the use I have made of the -<cite>Dictionary of National Biography</cite>, <cite>Notes and Queries</cite>, -Mr. Wheatley’s <cite>London Past and Present</cite>, Mr. George -Clinch’s <cite>Bloomsbury and St. Giles’s</cite>, and his <cite>Marylebone -and St. Pancras</cite>, Mr. Warwick Wroth’s <cite>London Pleasure -Gardens of the Eighteenth Century</cite>, Mr. Percy Fitzgerald’s<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[x]</a></span> -<cite>Life of Garrick</cite>, Mr. Austin Dobson’s <cite>Hogarth</cite>, Mr. -Laurence Binyon’s <cite>Catalogue of Drawings by British Artists -in the Print Department</cite>, the <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>, the -works of Cunningham and Redgrave, and such autobiographies -as those of Henry Angelo, Thomas Dibdin, -John Taylor, W. H. Pyne, Sir Nathaniel Wraxhall, B. R. -Haydon, Madam D’Arblay, Dr. Trusler, and Letitia -Hawkins. It is remarkable how John Thomas Smith’s -own books supplement each other. His <cite>Nollekens and -his Times</cite> is an inexhaustible budget of facts, and its -usefulness has been increased by the index provided in -Mr. Gosse’s edition of 1895.</p> - -<p>It should be remembered that the year-dates which -Smith uses as chapter headings do not represent the times -at which the respective chapters were written. I judge -that Smith was engaged on the <cite>Rainy Day</cite> only in the -last three years of his life. His chronology is rather happy-go-lucky. -For example, it must not be supposed that -Dr. Burgess, of Mortimer Street, wore his cocked hat and -deep ruffles in 1816, or that in that year Alderman Boydell -might have been seen putting his head under the -pump in Ironmonger Lane. These men died some years -earlier. In accordance with the text of the third edition, -Smith’s curious mention of the death of Dr. Johnson will -be found under the year 1803.</p> - -<p class="right">W. W.</p> - -<p><i>June 1905.</i></p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xi" id="Page_xi">[xi]</a></span></p> - -<h2>JOHN THOMAS SMITH</h2> - -<p>John Thomas, or “Rainy Day,” Smith was -born in a London hackney coach, on the evening -of the 23rd of June 1766. His mother -had spent the evening at the house of her brother, -Mr. Edward Tarr, a convivial glass-grinder of Earl -Street, Seven Dials, and the coach was conveying -her back with necessary haste to her home at -No. 7 Great Portland Street. Sixty-seven years -later, the man who had entered thus hurriedly -into the world left it with almost equal unexpectedness -in his house, No. 22 University Street, after -holding for seventeen years the post of Keeper of -the Prints at the British Museum.</p> - -<p>As a writer John Thomas Smith takes no high -rank; but he is a delightful gossip, full of his -two subjects: London and Art. We know him -when he exclaims to a visitor in the Print Room, -“What I tell you is the fact, and sit down, and -I’ll tell ye the whole story.” Smith’s narrative -manner is always that: “Sit down, and I’ll tell ye -the whole story.” Such historians are often found -in life, mighty recollectors before the Lord, who<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xii" id="Page_xii">[xii]</a></span> -talk books which no one can inspire them to write. -And it is well that when Smith did write he took -small pains to be fine or literary. Writing as a -man, and not as the scribes, he produced in his -<cite>Nollekens and his Times</cite> one of the most entertaining -harum-scarum biographies ever seen, -and in his <cite>Book for a Rainy Day, or Recollections -of the Events of the Years 1766-1833</cite>, a budget -of memories which has perhaps been less read -and more quoted than any book of its kind.</p> - -<p>Smith’s valuable quality is his interest in the -life he lived and saw lived. He was zealous to -record those trivial facts of to-day which become -piquant to-morrow, a habit that reveals itself -in the way he mentions his birth as happening -“whilst Maddox was balancing a straw at the -Little Theatre in the Haymarket, and Marylebone -Gardens re-echoed the melodious notes of Tommy -Lowe.” In a friend’s album he wrote—</p> - -<p>“I can boast of seven events, some of which -great men would be proud of:</p> - -<p>“I received a kiss when a boy from the beautiful -Mrs. Robinson;</p> - -<p>“Was patted on the head by Dr. Johnson;</p> - -<p>“Have frequently held Sir Joshua Reynolds’s -spectacles;</p> - -<p>“Partook of a pint of porter with an elephant;</p> - -<p>“Saved Lady Hamilton from falling when the -melancholy news arrived of Lord Nelson’s death;</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiii" id="Page_xiii">[xiii]</a></span></p> - -<p>“Three times conversed with King George the -Third;</p> - -<p>“And was shut up in a room with Mr. Kean’s -lion.”</p> - -<p>These events are more curious than fateful, and, -indeed, Smith’s career is little more than a record -of plates etched and books published. He is entertaining -because he was out and about in London -for sixty years, and looked upon anecdotes as -“debts due to the public.”</p> - -<p>Almost as soon as Mrs. Smith’s hackney coach -had brought her to No. 7 Great Portland Street—a -house whose site is now covered, as I reckon, by -No. 38—Dr. William Hunter, brother of the great -John Hunter, arrived from Jermyn Street, and -performed his duties with the skill of a Physician-Extraordinary -to the Queen. The attendance of -such a man proves the material comfort of the -Smith family. Nathaniel Smith, the flustered -father, was principal assistant to Joseph Nollekens, -the sculptor, and he had worked for Joseph Wilton -and the great Roubiliac. For Wilton he carved -three of the nine masks, representing Ocean and -eight British rivers, now seen on the Strand front -of Somerset House. He had taken to wife a -Miss Tarr, a Quakeress. Their boy’s christening -was dictated by family history. He was named -John after his grandfather, a Shropshire clothier, -whose bust, modelled by Nathaniel Smith, was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiv" id="Page_xiv">[xiv]</a></span> -the first publicly exhibited by the Associated -Artists at Spring Gardens; and Thomas after his -great-uncle, Admiral Thomas Smith, who had earned -in Portsmouth Harbour (more cheaply, perhaps, -than Smith would have allowed) the name of -“Tom of Ten Thousand.”</p> - -<p>Smith early went into training to be a gossiping -topographer. Old Nollekens, already a Royal -Academician, and the most sought-after sculptor -of portrait busts (“Well, sir, I think my friend -Joe Nollekens can chop out a head with any of -them,” was Dr. Johnson’s tribute to his genius), often -took his assistant’s little son for a ramble round -the streets. One day he led Thomas to the Oxford -Road to see Jack Rann go by on the cart to Tyburn, -where he was to be hanged for robbing Dr. William -Bell of his watch and eighteenpence. The boy -remembered all his life the criminal’s pea-green -coat, his nankin small-clothes, and the immense -nosegay that had been presented to him at St. -Sepulchre’s steps. In another walk, Mr. Nollekens -showed him the ruins of the Duke of Monmouth’s -house in Soho Square. In a Sunday morning -ramble they watched the boys bathing in Marylebone -Basin, on the site of Portland Place. And, again, -they stood at the top of Rathbone Place, while -Nollekens recalled the mill from which Windmill -Street was named, and the halfpenny hatch which -had admitted people to the miller’s grounds.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xv" id="Page_xv">[xv]</a></span></p> - -<p>In the sculptor’s studio, at No. 9 Mortimer -Street, where at the age of twelve he began to -help his father, Smith met sundry great people. -One day, Mr. Charles Townley, the collector of -the Townley marbles, noticed him, and “pouched” -him half a guinea to purchase paper and chalk. -Dr. Johnson, who was sitting for his bust, once -looked at the boy’s drawings, and, laying his hand -heavily on his head, croaked, “Very well, very -well.” On a February day in 1779, that wag -Johnny Taylor, who was to be Smith’s life-long -friend, put his head in at the studio door and -shouted the news that Garrick’s funeral had just -left Adelphi Terrace for Westminster Abbey. Away -flew Smith to see the procession, and to record -it, in his old age, in the <cite>Rainy Day</cite>.</p> - -<p>As a youth, Smith wished to learn engraving -under Bartolozzi, but the great Italian -declined a pupil, and it was through the influence -of Dr. Hinchliffe, Bishop of Peterborough, one -of his father’s patrons, that he entered the studio -of John Keyse Sherwin, the engraver. Here he -received his kiss from the beautiful “Perdita” -Robinson; and when Mrs. Siddons sat to Sherwin -for her portrait as the Grecian Daughter, he raised -and lowered the window curtains to obtain the -effect of light desired by his master.</p> - -<p>Three years later Smith launched out as young -drawing-master, pencil-portrait draughtsman, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvi" id="Page_xvi">[xvi]</a></span> -topographical engraver. He found a patron in -Mr. Richard Wyatt, of Milton Place, Egham. -Through this gentleman he obtained commissions -as a topographical artist from influential collectors -like the Duke of Roxburgh, Lord Leicester, and -Horace Walpole. Moreover, Sir Joshua Reynolds -and Benjamin West sometimes engaged him to bid -for them at print auctions. At this time he was -a frequent visitor to the drawing-room of Mrs. -Mathew, in Rathbone Place, where Flaxman was -often found, and where William Blake read aloud -his early poems.</p> - -<p>The small artist, and particularly the topographical -artist, had his chance in the second half -of the eighteenth century. The productions of -Wilson, Reynolds, Romney, and Gainsborough -had stirred up the arts of engraving, which allied -themselves closely to literature and life. It was -the age of portly topographies and county histories, -with their ceremonious array of plates; of itinerant -portrait and view painting; and of night-sales -of books and prints at which sociable collectors -sat under eccentric auctioneers, and at which -noblemen were as commonly seen as they were -at boxing and trotting matches fifty years later. -Shops abounded for the sale of new prints, and -auctions were frequent for the distribution of old. -Human types were produced of which we know -little to-day. Smith has drawn some of them<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvii" id="Page_xvii">[xvii]</a></span> -with easy and natural touches in his chapter on -the print-buyers who attended Langford’s and -Hutchins’ sale rooms, in Covent Garden, in 1783. -There he was in his element. Not much passed -in the art world in the fifty years following that -date that Smith did not know.</p> - -<p>When twenty-two, he married. The girl of -his choice was Anne Maria Pickett, who belonged -to a respectable family at Streatham, and who, -after forty-five years of married life, was left -his widow. They had one son and two daughters. -The son died at the Cape in the same year as his -father, 1833. One daughter was married to Mr. -Smith, a sculptor, and the other to Mr. Paul Fischer, -a miniature painter. Soon after his marriage he -was invited by Sir James Winter Lake to take -up his residence at Edmonton, where he taught -drawing to their daughter, and doubtless had -other pupils. When he applied (unsuccessfully) -for the post of drawing-master to Christ’s Hospital, -Sir James and Lady Lake’s testimonial made a -point of the fact that he had never touched up -their daughter’s work, “a practice too often -followed by drawing-masters in general.” At this -period Smith practised as an itinerant portrait -painter, a branch of art which then had its vogue, -and was to number William Hazlitt among its professors. -At Edmonton it was that he “<em>profiled, -three-quartered, full-faced</em>, and <em>buttoned up</em> the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xviii" id="Page_xviii">[xviii]</a></span> -retired embroidered weavers, their crummy wives -and tight-laced daughters.” At Edmonton, too, -he watched the reception of his first book, the -<cite>Antiquities of London and its Environs</cite>. Smith’s -career for the next thirty years may be conveniently -sketched in a list of his residences and the work -he accomplished in each.</p> - -<p>In 1797 he was at No. 40 Frith Street, Soho, -a house which still exists, with its ground floor converted -into a French wine shop. There he published -his <cite>Remarks on Rural Scenery</cite>, consisting of etching -of cottage and village scenes in the neighbourhood -of London, with a preliminary essay on drawing.</p> - -<p>In 1800 he was living with his father at 18 May’s -Buildings, or the “Rembrandt Head,” as it was -styled, in St. Martin’s Lane. In this year the -discovery of curious paintings during the alterations -to St. Stephen’s Chapel for the enlargement of the -House of Commons, attracted Smith’s attention, -and, after making careful copies of these relics, he -projected his <cite>Antiquities of Westminster</cite>.</p> - -<p>In February 1806, Smith published an etching -of the scene on the Thames when Nelson’s remains -were brought from Greenwich to Whitehall. He -tells us that on showing it to Lady Hamilton she -swooned in his arms. The plate is inscribed: -“Published February 15, 1806, by John Thomas -Smith, at No. 36 Newman Street.” This house -remains unaltered.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xix" id="Page_xix">[xix]</a></span></p> - -<p>In 1807 he issued his <cite>Antiquities of Westminster</cite>, -his address appearing in the imprint as 31 Castle -Street East, Oxford Street.</p> - -<p>In 1810, May’s Buildings reappears in the -imprint of his <cite>Antient Topography of London</cite>, but -it may be that this address was not residential. -The site of this house is merged in Messrs. Harrison’s -printing works.</p> - -<p>In 1815-17, Smith lived at No. 4 Chandos Street, -Covent Garden, whence he issued his <cite>Vagabondiana, -or Anecdotes of Mendicant Wanderers through the -Streets of London</cite>.</p> - -<p>In 1816 he succeeded William Alexander as -Keeper of the Prints, and it is probable that he -soon afterwards took up his residence at No. 22 -University Street.<a name="FNanchor_1" id="FNanchor_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> He was living here in 1828, -when he published, through Henry Colburn, of -New Burlington Street, “<cite>Nollekens and his Times</cite>: -comprehending a Life of that celebrated Sculptor; -and Memoirs of Several Contemporary Artists, -from the time of Roubiliac, Hogarth, and Reynolds, -to that of Fuseli, Flaxman, and Blake.” This, his -most ambitious work, must be noticed more particularly<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xx" id="Page_xx">[xx]</a></span> -because of its bearing on Smith’s life -and character. Mr. Gosse, who has edited it, -with the addition of a graceful essay on Georgian -Sculpture, describes it as “perhaps the most -candid biography ever published in the English -language.” In its pages Smith exposes the domestic -privacies and miserly habits of the sculptor and -his wife. There are pages of sordid gossip which -a dismissed charwoman might probably have found -unacceptable to her cronies and supporters. Yet -the book cannot be described as venomous. It is -cheerily and unscrupulously candid, and this even -in the matter of the author’s own disappointment. -Nollekens, he assures us, had again and again -given him reason to believe that he would be -handsomely remembered in his will. “That you -may depend upon, Tom,” were his words. It is -easy to see that Smith may have come to expect -this as the bright event of his later years. His -Museum appointment had lifted him out of drudgery, -and the promised legacy may have presented itself -to him as the final deliverance from care. Nollekens -had been kind to him as a boy, and had remained -his friend through life. He was a widower, childless, -and enormously rich. No artist had known -better how to make art profitable. His purchases -of antiques in Rome had been most prudent; so, -also, his investments. As a sculptor of portrait -busts he stood alone, and in his long working life<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxi" id="Page_xxi">[xxi]</a></span> -he had “chopped out” the heads of many hundreds -of wealthy and illustrious persons. When he died -in April 1823, no one was surprised that his estate -was declared to be of the value of £300,000. But -very little of it went to “Tom,” who, to his intense -chagrin, received a bare hundred pounds as one -of the three executors.</p> - -<p>Five years later, Smith brought out his hit-back -biography. Its general veracity cannot be doubted. -It is a veracity sharpened, not deflected, by malice. -But it is clear that Smith found other satisfactions -in writing the book than that of exposing -the weaknesses of his old friend. He enjoyed -the long and minute chronicle of life in Mortimer -Street and in the studios and galleries he had -frequented. Nollekens comes and goes in a world -of gossip about London, art, and people. True, at -any moment a mischievous gust may blow aside -the veils to show us Mrs. Nollekens, in second-hand -finery, beating down the price of a new broom -or a chicken with cunning affability, or the sculptor -pocketing nutmegs at the Royal Academy dinners -to be added to the Mortimer Street larder. If -you protest against these and worse freedoms, -you are grateful for the hundred little touches -of locality and custom that accompany them. -The daily life of the eighteenth century is before -you: the parlour, the street, the print shop.</p> - -<p>Of Smith’s reign in the Print Room not much<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxii" id="Page_xxii">[xxii]</a></span> -can be gathered. He was much liked and respected -by those who consulted him in his department. -We are told that he was kind to young artists of -promise, and gently candid to those of no promise. -His recollections and anecdotes were the delight -of his visitors, one of whom has left us a racy -specimen of his flow of humour and gossip. I refer -to the following passage of Boswellian reminiscence, -appended to the second and third edition, of the -<span class="smcap">Rainy Day</span>.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“His two old friends, Mr. Packer, who had been -a partner in Combe’s brewery, and Colonel Phillips, -who had accompanied Captain Cooke in one of his -voyages round the world, were constant attendants -in the Print Room, and contributed towards the -general amusement. Of the former of these gentlemen, -who died in 1828, at the advanced age of -ninety, Mr. Smith used to tell a remarkable story, -which we are rather surprised not to find recorded -in his Reminiscences. It was our fortune to be the -first to communicate to Mr. Smith the fact of his -old friend’s decease, and that he had bequeathed to -him a legacy of £100. ‘Ah, Sir!’ he said, in a very -solemn manner, after a long pause, ‘poor fellow, he -pined to death on account of a rash promise of -marriage he had made.’ We humbly ventured to -express our doubts, having seen him not long before -looking not only very un-Romeo like, but very hale<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxiii" id="Page_xxiii">[xxiii]</a></span> -and hearty; and besides, we begged to suggest that -other reasons might be given for the decease of a -respectable gentleman of ninety. ‘No, Sir,’ said -Mr. Smith; ‘what I tell you is the fact, and <em>sit ye -down, and I’ll tell ye the whole story</em>. Many years -ago, when Mr. Packer was a young man employed -in the brew-house in which he afterwards became -a partner, he courted, and promised marriage to, a -worthy young woman in his own sphere of life. -But, as his circumstances improved, he raised his -ideas, and, not to make a long story of it, married -another woman with a good deal of money. The -injured fair one was indignant, but, as she had no -written promise to show, was, after some violent -scenes, obliged to put up with a verbal assurance -that she should be the next Mrs. Packer. After a -few years the first Mrs. P. died, and she then -claimed the fulfilment of his promise, but was again -deceived in the same way, and obliged to put up -with a similar pledge. A <em>second</em> time he became a -widower, and a <em>third</em> time he deceived his unfortunate -<em>first</em> love, who, indignant and furious beyond -measure, threatened all sorts of violent proceedings. -To pacify her, Mr. P. gave her a written promise -that, if a widower, he would marry her when he -attained the age of one hundred years! Now he -had lost his last wife some time since, and every -time he came to see me at the Museum, he fretted -and fumed because he should be obliged to marry<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxiv" id="Page_xxiv">[xxiv]</a></span> -that awful woman at last. This could not go on -long, and, as you tell me, he has just dropped off. -If it hadn’t been for this, he would have lived as -long as Old Parr. And now,’ finished Mr. Smith, -with the utmost solemnity, ‘let this be a warning -to you. Don’t make rash promises to women; but -if you will do so, <em>don’t make them in writing</em>.’”</p> - -</div> - -<p>Had John Thomas Smith been granted the -scriptural span of life, he might have read the -<cite>Pickwick Papers</cite>. But the implacable call came in -March 1833, and he left various enterprises unfinished. -He had collected the materials for a -gossipping history of Covent Garden; these have -never been edited. The well-known <cite>Antiquarian -Rambles in the Streets of London</cite>, published in -1846, originated in Smith’s notes, but four-fifths of -the book was certainly written by its editor, Dr. -Charles Mackay.</p> - -<p>The book from which Smith has his sobriquet -was published in 1845. <cite>A Book for a Rainy Day</cite> -places its author in that line of London’s watchful -lovers which began with John Stow and has not -ended with Sir Walter Besant. Now, when London’s -streets are changing as they have not changed -since the Great Fire, he lies in that bare field of -the dead behind the Bayswater Road, where, -on the grave of a greater writer, you read the -words, “Alas! poor Yorick.”</p> - -<p class="right">W. W.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[1]</a></span></p> - -<h2>A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY</h2> - -<p>The Reader is requested to keep in mind that those -events which I relate of myself when “mewling -in my nurse’s arms,” and until my fourth year, were -communicated to me by my parents, and that my statements -from that period are mostly from my own -memory;—Miranda proved to Prospero that she recollected -an event in her fourth year.</p> - -<h3>1766.</h3> - -<p>My father informed me, that in the evening of the -23rd of June 1766, which must have been much about -the time when Marylebone Gardens echoed the melodious -notes of Tommy Lowe,<a name="FNanchor_2" id="FNanchor_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> and whilst there was <em>The Devil -to Pay</em> at Richmond with Mr. and Mrs. Love,<a name="FNanchor_3" id="FNanchor_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> my<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span> -mother, on returning from a visit to her brother, Mr. -Edward Tarr,<a name="FNanchor_4" id="FNanchor_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> became so seriously indisposed, that she -most strenuously requested him to allow her to return -home in a hackney coach, whilst he went to Jermyn Street -for Dr. Hunter.<a name="FNanchor_5" id="FNanchor_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> Upon that gentleman’s arrival at my -father’s door, No. 7, in Great Portland Street,<a name="FNanchor_6" id="FNanchor_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a> Marylebone, -he assisted the nurse in conveying my mother and myself -to her chamber. Although I dare not presume to suppose -that the vehicle in which I was born had been the equipage -of the great John Duke of Marlborough, or Sarah his -Duchess, at all events I probably may be correct in the -conjecture that the hack was in some degree similar to -those introduced by Kip, in his Plates for Strype’s edition -of Stowe.<a name="FNanchor_7" id="FNanchor_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span></p> - -<p>Hackney chairs were then so numerous, that their -stands extended round Covent Garden, and often down -the adjacent streets;<a name="FNanchor_8" id="FNanchor_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a> these vehicles frequently enabled -physicians to approach their patients in a warm state. -The forms of those to which I allude are also given in -Kip’s prints above mentioned; and who knows but that -they, in their turn, have conveyed Voltaire from the -theatre to his lodging in Maiden Lane?<a name="FNanchor_9" id="FNanchor_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a></p> - -<p>That sedans were of ancient use I make no doubt, -as I find one introduced in Sir George Staunton’s Embassy -to China.<a name="FNanchor_10" id="FNanchor_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> Pliny has stated that his uncle was much -accustomed to be carried abroad in a chair.<a name="FNanchor_11" id="FNanchor_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a> My parents,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span> -after a fireside debate, agreed that I should have two -Christian names: John, after my grandfather, a Shropshire -clothier, whose bust, modelled by my father, was one -of the first publicly exhibited by the Associated Artists -in 1763, before the establishment of the Royal Academy;<a name="FNanchor_12" id="FNanchor_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a> -and Thomas, to the honour of our family, in remembrance -of my great-uncle, Admiral Smith, better known under -the appellation of “Tom of Ten Thousand,”<a name="FNanchor_13" id="FNanchor_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a> of whom I<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span> -have a spirited half-length portrait, painted by the celebrated -Richard Wilson, the landscape painter, previous -to his visiting Rome, when he resided in the apartments -on the north side of Covent Garden, which had been -occupied first by Sir Peter Lely, and afterwards by Sir -Godfrey Kneller.<a name="FNanchor_14" id="FNanchor_14"></a><a href="#Footnote_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a> From this picture there is an excellent -engraving in mezzotinto, by Faber.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span></p> - -<p>I have heard my mother relate, that when at Greenwich -this year for the benefit of her health, an aged pie and -cheesecake woman lived there, who was accompanied -through the town by a goose, who regularly stopped at -her customer’s door, and commenced a loud cackling; -but that whenever the words “Not to-day” were uttered, -off it waddled to the next house, and so on till the business -of the day was ended. My mother also remarked, that when -ladies walked out, they carried nosegays in their hands, -and wore three immense lace ruffle cuffs on each elbow.<a name="FNanchor_15" id="FNanchor_15"></a><a href="#Footnote_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a></p> - -<p>In the month of March, this year, died Mary Mogg, -at Oakingham, the woman who gave rise to Gay’s celebrated -ballad of “Molly Mogg.”<a name="FNanchor_16" id="FNanchor_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span></p> - -<p>In all ages there has been a fashion in amusements, -as well as in dress: grottoes, which were numerous round -London, appear by the advertisements to have been -places of great resort, but above all Finch’s, in St. George’s -Fields, was the favourite. The following is a copy of one -of the musical announcements:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“6th of May, 1766.</p> - -<p class="center">“<span class="smcap">Mr. Houghton and Mr. Mitchell’s Night.</span></p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">At Finch’s Grotto</span> Garden, This Day, will be performed -a Concert of <span class="smcap">Vocal</span> and <span class="smcap">Instrumental Music</span>. -<span class="smcap">Singing</span> as usual.</p> - -<p>“N.B. For that Night only, the Band will be enlarged. -Tickets to be had at the Bar of the Gardens. Admittance -One Shilling.”<a name="FNanchor_17" id="FNanchor_17"></a><a href="#Footnote_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1767.</h3> - -<p>Being frequently thrown into my cradle by the servant, -as a cross little brat, the care of my tender mother induced -her to purchase one of Mr. Burchell’s anodyne necklaces, -so strongly recommended by two eminent physicians, -Dr. Tanner, the inventor, and Dr. Chamberlen, to whom -he had communicated the prescription; and it was agreed -by most of my mother’s gossiping friends, that the effluvia -arising from it when warm acted in so friendly a manner, -that my fevered gums were considerably relieved.<a name="FNanchor_18" id="FNanchor_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a></p> - -<p>Go-carts, the old appendages of our nurseries, continuing -in use, I was occasionally placed in one; and as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span> -its advantages have been noticed in my work entitled -<cite>Nollekens and his Times</cite>, I shall now only refer the reader -for its form to Number 186 of “Rembrandt’s Etchings;”<a name="FNanchor_19" id="FNanchor_19"></a><a href="#Footnote_19" class="fnanchor">[19]</a> -that being similar, as my father informed me, to those -used in London in my infantine days.<a name="FNanchor_20" id="FNanchor_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_20" class="fnanchor">[20]</a></p> - -<p>The cradle having of late years been in a great degree -superseded by what is called a cot,<a name="FNanchor_21" id="FNanchor_21"></a><a href="#Footnote_21" class="fnanchor">[21]</a> and its shape not -being remarkable, I shall for a moment beg leave to deal -in a foreign market, in order to gratify the indefatigable -organ of inquisitiveness of some of my readers, who may -wish to know in what sort of cradle Stratford’s sweet Willy -slumbered. Possibly it might in some respects have -accorded with the representation of one in a small plate -by Israel Von Meckenen,<a name="FNanchor_22" id="FNanchor_22"></a><a href="#Footnote_22" class="fnanchor">[22]</a> and this conjecture is not improbable, -as that plate was engraved about the sixteenth -century; and it is well known that in most articles of -furniture, as well as dress, we had long borrowed from<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span> -our continental neighbours, whether good, bad, or indifferent. -It gives me great pleasure to observe that, -owing to the vast improvements made by our draughtsmen -for English upholsterers, in every article of domestic -decorative furniture, England has now little occasion to -borrow from other nations.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 550px;" id="illus2"> - -<img src="images/illus2.jpg" width="550" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">NANCY DAWSON</p> - -<div class="c-container smaller"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“See how she comes to give surprise</div> -<div class="verse">With joy and pleasure in her eyes.”</div> -<div class="verse right"><cite>Old Song, “Nancy Dawson”</cite></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<p>Nancy Dawson, the famous hornpipe dancer, died this -year, May 27th, at Hampstead; she was buried behind -the Foundling Hospital, in the ground belonging to St. -George the Martyr, where there is a tombstone to her -memory, simply stating, “Here lies Nancy Dawson.” -Every verse of a song in praise of her, declares the poet -to be dying for Nancy Dawson; and its tune, which many -of my readers must recollect, is, in my opinion, as lively as -that of “Sir Roger de Coverley.” I have been informed -that Nancy, when a girl, set up the skittles at a tavern -in High Street, Marylebone.<a name="FNanchor_23" id="FNanchor_23"></a><a href="#Footnote_23" class="fnanchor">[23]</a> Sir William Musgrave, in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span> -his <cite>Adversaria</cite> (No. 5719), in the British Museum, says -that “Nancy Dawson was the wife of a publican near -Kelso, on the borders of Scotland.”<a name="FNanchor_24" id="FNanchor_24"></a><a href="#Footnote_24" class="fnanchor">[24]</a></p> - -<h3>1768.</h3> - -<p>At the age when most children place things on their -heads and cry “Hot pies!” I displayed a black pudding -upon mine, which my mother, careful soul, had provided -for its protection in case I should fall. This is another -article mentioned in <cite>Nollekens and his Times</cite>; and having -there stated that Rubens, in a picture at Blenheim, had -painted one on the head of a son of his, walking with his -wife Elenor,<a name="FNanchor_25" id="FNanchor_25"></a><a href="#Footnote_25" class="fnanchor">[25]</a> and as the mothers of future days may wish -to know its shape, I beg to inform them that there is an -engraving of it by MacArdell. But as the receipt for a -pet pudding would be of little use to the maker were one -ingredient omitted, it would be equally difficult to produce -a similar black pudding to mine, were I not to state that -it was made of a long narrow piece of black silk or satin, -padded with wadding, and then formed to the head according<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span> -to the taste of the parent, or similar to that of little -Rubens.<a name="FNanchor_26" id="FNanchor_26"></a><a href="#Footnote_26" class="fnanchor">[26]</a></p> - -<p>In this year the Royal Academy was founded, consisting -of members who had agreed to withdraw themselves from -various clubs, not only in order to be more select as to -talent, but perfectly correct as to gentlemanly conduct. -It would have been a valuable acquisition to the History -of the Fine Arts in England, had Mr. Howard favoured us -with the Rise and Progress of the Royal Academy.<a name="FNanchor_27" id="FNanchor_27"></a><a href="#Footnote_27" class="fnanchor">[27]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span></p> - -<p>Perhaps no one could have been more talked of than -Mr. Wilkes, particularly on May 10th, when a riot took -place on account of his imprisonment.<a name="FNanchor_28" id="FNanchor_28"></a><a href="#Footnote_28" class="fnanchor">[28]</a> His popularity -was carried to so great an extent, that his friends in all -classes displayed some article on which his effigy was -portrayed, such as salad or punch bowls, ale or milk jugs, -plate, dishes, and even heads of canes. The squib engravings -of him, published from the commencement of his -notoriety to his silent state when Chamberlain of -London, would extend to several volumes. Hogarth’s -portrait of him, which by the collectors was considered<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span> -a caricature, my father recommended as the best -likeness.</p> - -<p>The following memoranda respecting Henry Fuseli, -R.A., are extracted from the Mitchell Manuscripts in the -British Museum. The letter is from Mr. Murdock, of -Hampstead, to a friend at Berlin, dated Hampstead, -12th June 1764:—</p> - -<p>“I like Fuseli very much; he comes out to see us at -times, and is just now gone from this with your letter to -A. Ramsay, and another from me. He is of himself disposed -to all possible economy; but to be decently lodged -and fed, in a decent family, cannot be for less than three -shillings a day, which he pays. He might, according to -Miller’s wish, live a little cheaper; but then he must have -been lodged in some garret, where nobody could have -found their way, and must have been thrown into ale-houses -and eating-houses, with company every way unsuitable, -or, indeed, insupportable to a stranger of any taste; -especially as the common people are of late brutalised.</p> - -<p>“Some time hence, I hope, he may do something for -himself; his talent at grouping figures, and his faculty -of execution, being really surprising.”</p> - -<p>In the same volume, in a letter dated Hampstead, -12th Jan. 1768, the same writer says to the same friend—</p> - -<p>“Fuseli goes to Italy next spring, by the advice of -Reynolds (our Apelles), who has a high opinion of his -genius, and sees what is wanting to make him a first-rate.”<a name="FNanchor_29" id="FNanchor_29"></a><a href="#Footnote_29" class="fnanchor">[29]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus3"> - -<img src="images/illus3.jpg" width="650" height="385" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">R.A.’S REFLECTING ON THE TRUE LINE OF BEAUTY AT THE LIFE ACADEMY, SOMERSET HOUSE.</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span></p> - -<p>In another, dated Hampstead, 13th December 1768: -“Fuseli is still here; but proposes to set out for Italy as -soon as his friends can secure to him fifty pounds yearly, -for a few years. Dr. Armstrong,<a name="FNanchor_30" id="FNanchor_30"></a><a href="#Footnote_30" class="fnanchor">[30]</a> who admires his genius, -has taxed himself at ten pounds, and has taken us in for as -much more; and indeed it were shameful that such talents -should be sunk for want of a little pecuniary aid.”</p> - -<p>The ladies this year wore half a flat hat as an eye-shade.</p> - -<h3>1769.</h3> - -<p>Lord North, in a letter addressed to Sir Eardley Wilmot -from Downing Street, bearing date this year, April 1st, -says—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“My friend Colonel Luttrell having informed me -that many persons depending upon the Court of Common -Pleas are freeholders of Middlesex, etc., not having the -honour of being acquainted with you himself, desires me -to apply to you for your interest with your friends in his -behalf. It is manifest how much it is for the honour of -Parliament, and the quiet of this country in future times, -that Mr. Wilkes should have an antagonist at the next -Brentford election; and that his antagonist should meet -with a respectable support. The state of the country -has been examined, and there is the greatest reason to -believe that the Colonel will have a very considerable -show of legal votes, nay, even a majority, if his friends<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span> -are not deterred from appearing at the poll. It is the -game of Mr. Wilkes and his friends to increase those alarms, -but they cannot frighten the <em>candidate</em> from his purpose; -and I am very confident that the voters will run no risk. -I hope, therefore, you will excuse this application. There -is nothing, I imagine, that every true friend of this country -must wish more than to see Mr. Wilkes disappointed in -his projects; and nothing, I am convinced, will defeat -them more effectually, than to fill up the vacant seat for -Middlesex, especially if it can be done for a fair majority -of legal votes.</p> - -<p>“I am, Sir, with the greatest truth and respect, your -most faithful, humble servant,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">North</span>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>The Judge, in his answer, dated on the following day, -observed, “It would be highly improper for me to interfere -in any shape in that election.” (See the Wilmot -Letters, in the British Museum.)<a name="FNanchor_31" id="FNanchor_31"></a><a href="#Footnote_31" class="fnanchor">[31]</a></p> - -<p>This year ladies continued to walk with fans in their -hands.</p> - -<h3>1770.</h3> - -<p>Most of the citizens who had saved money were very -fond of retiring to some country-house, at a short distance -from the Metropolis, and more particularly to Islington, -that being a selected and favourite spot. Charles -Bretherton, Jun., made an etching, from a drawing by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span> -Mr. Bunbury,<a name="FNanchor_32" id="FNanchor_32"></a><a href="#Footnote_32" class="fnanchor">[32]</a> of a Londoner, of the above description, -whose waistcoat-pockets were large enough to convey a -couple of fowls from a City feast home to his family. The -print is entitled, “The Delights of Islington,” and bears -the following inscription at the top:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>WHEREAS my new Pagoda has been clandestinely -carried off, and a new pair of Dolphins taken from the -top of the Gazebo, by some Bloodthirsty Villains; and -whereas a great deal timber has been cut down and -carried away from the Old Grove, that was planted last -Spring, and Pluto and Proserpine thrown into my Basin: -from henceforth, Steel Traps and spring guns will be -constantly set for the better extirpation of such a nest of -villains,</p> - -<p class="right">By me, <span class="smcap">Jeremiah Sago</span>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;" id="illus4"> - -<img src="images/illus4.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">“THE DELIGHTS OF ISLINGTON”</p> - -</div> - -<p>On a garden notice-board, in another print, also -after Bunbury, published at the same time, is -inscribed,</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">THE NEW PARADISE.</p> - -<p>No Gentlemen or Ladies to be admitted with nails in -their shoes.<a name="FNanchor_33" id="FNanchor_33"></a><a href="#Footnote_33" class="fnanchor">[33]</a></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p> - -<p>For the information of the collectors of Bunbury’s -prints, I beg to state that there is in Mrs. Banks’s collection -of visiting cards, etc., in the British Museum, a small etching -said to have been his very first attempt when at Westminster -School. It represents a fellow riding a hog, -brandishing a birch-broom by way of a baster, with another -at a short distance, hallooing.</p> - -<p>As Mr. Walpole is silent as to Jonathan Richardson’s -place of interment, the biographical collector will find -the following inscription in the burial-ground behind the -Foundling Hospital, belonging to the parish of St. George -the Martyr:—</p> - -<p class="center">Elizabeth Richardson,<br /> -Died 24th Dec. 1767,<br /> -Aged 74 years.<br /> -Jonathan Richardson,<br /> -Died 10th June, 1771,<br /> -Aged 77; both of this parish.<a name="FNanchor_34" id="FNanchor_34"></a><a href="#Footnote_34" class="fnanchor">[34]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1771.</h3> - -<p>The gaiety during the merry month of May was to me -most delightful; my feet, though I knew nothing of the -positions, kept pace with those of the blooming milkmaids, -who danced round their garlands of massive plate, hired -from the silversmiths to the amount of several hundreds -of pounds, for the purpose of placing round an obelisk, -covered with silk fixed upon a chairman’s horse. The -most showy flowers of the season were arranged so as to -fill up the openings between the dishes, plates, butter-boats, -cream-jugs, and tankards. This obelisk was carried -by two chairmen in gold-laced hats, six or more handsome -milkmaids in pink and blue gowns, drawn through the -pocket-holes, for they had one on either side: yellow or -scarlet petticoats, neatly quilted, high-heeled shoes, mob-caps, -with lappets of lace resting on their shoulders; -nosegays in their bosoms, and flat Woffington hats, covered -with ribbons of every colour. But what crowned the -whole of the display was a magnificent silver tea-urn<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> -which surmounted the obelisk, the stand of which was -profusely decorated with scarlet tulips. A smart, slender -fellow of a fiddler, commonly wearing a sky-blue coat, -with his hat profusely covered with ribbons, attended; -and the master of the group was accompanied by a constable, -to protect the plate from too close a pressure of the -crowd, when the maids danced before the doors of his -customers.<a name="FNanchor_35" id="FNanchor_35"></a><a href="#Footnote_35" class="fnanchor">[35]</a></p> - -<p>One of the subjects selected by Mr. Jonathan Tyers, -for the artists who decorated the boxes for supper-parties -in Vauxhall Gardens,<a name="FNanchor_36" id="FNanchor_36"></a><a href="#Footnote_36" class="fnanchor">[36]</a> was that of Milkmaids on May-day.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span> -In that picture (which, with the rest painted by Hayman -and his pupils, has lately disappeared) the garland of -plate was carried by a man on his head; and the milkmaids, -who danced to the music of a wooden-legged fiddler, -were extremely elegant. They had ruffled cuffs, and their -gowns were not drawn through their pocket-holes as in -my time; their hats were flat, and not unlike that worn -by Peg Woffington, but bore a nearer shape to those now -in use by some of the fish-women at Billingsgate. In -Captain M. Laroon’s <cite>Cries of London</cite>, published by Tempest, -there is a female entitled “A Merry Milkmaid.”<a name="FNanchor_37" id="FNanchor_37"></a><a href="#Footnote_37" class="fnanchor">[37]</a> She -is dancing with a small garland of plate upon her head; -and from her dress I conclude that the Captain either -made his drawing in the latter part of King William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>’s -reign, or at the commencement of that of Queen Anne.</p> - -<h3>1772.</h3> - -<p>My dear mother’s declining state of health urged my -father to consult Dr. Armstrong,<a name="FNanchor_38" id="FNanchor_38"></a><a href="#Footnote_38" class="fnanchor">[38]</a> who recommended her -to rise early and take milk at the cowhouse. I was her -companion then; and I well remember that, after we -had passed Portland Chapel, there were fields all the way -on either side. The highway was irregular, with here<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> -and there a bank of separation; and that when we had -crossed the New Road, there was a turnstile (called in an -early plan, which I have seen since, “The White House”), -at the entrance of a meadow leading to a little old public-house, -the sign of the “Queen’s Head and Artichoke”: -it was much weather-beaten, though perhaps once a -tolerably good portrait of Queen Elizabeth. The house -was reported to have been kept by one of Her Majesty’s -gardeners.<a name="FNanchor_39" id="FNanchor_39"></a><a href="#Footnote_39" class="fnanchor">[39]</a></p> - -<p>A little beyond a nest of small houses contiguous, was -another turnstile opening also into fields, over which we -walked to the Jew’s Harp House, Tavern and Tea Gardens.<a name="FNanchor_40" id="FNanchor_40"></a><a href="#Footnote_40" class="fnanchor">[40]</a> -It consisted of a large upper room, ascended by an outside<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> -staircase, for the accommodation of the company on ball -nights; and in this room large parties dined. At the -south front of these premises was a large semicircular -enclosure with boxes for tea and ale drinkers, guarded by -deal-board soldiers between every box, painted in proper -colours. In the centre of this opening were tables and -seats placed for the smokers. On the eastern side of the -house there was a trapball-ground; the western side served -for a tennis-hall; there were also public and private -skittle-grounds. Behind this tavern were several small -tenements, with a pretty good portion of ground to each. -On the south of the tea-gardens a number of summer-houses -and gardens, fitted up in the truest Cockney taste; -for on many of these castellated edifices wooden cannons -were placed; and at the entrance of each domain, of -about the twentieth part of an acre, the old inscription -of “Steel-traps and spring-guns <em>all over</em> these -grounds,” with an “N.B. Dogs trespassing will be -shot.”</p> - -<p>In these rural retreats the tenant was usually seen on -Sunday evening in a bright scarlet waistcoat, ruffled shirt, -and silver shoe-buckles, comfortably taking his tea with -his family, honouring a Seven-Dial friend with a nod on -his peregrination to the famed Wells of Kilburn. Willan’s -farm,<a name="FNanchor_41" id="FNanchor_41"></a><a href="#Footnote_41" class="fnanchor">[41]</a> the extent of my mother’s walk, stood at about a -quarter of a mile south; and I remember that the room -in which she sat to take the milk was called “Queen -Elizabeth’s Kitchen,” and that there was some stained -glass in the windows.</p> - -<p>On our return we crossed the New Road; and, after<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> -passing the back of Marylebone Gardens,<a name="FNanchor_42" id="FNanchor_42"></a><a href="#Footnote_42" class="fnanchor">[42]</a> entered London -immediately behind the elegant mansions on the north -side of Cavendish Square. This Square was enclosed by -a dwarf brick wall, surmounted by heavy wooden railing. -Harley Fields had for years been resorted to by thousands -of people, to hear the celebrated Mr. George Whitefield, -whose wish, like that of Wesley, when preaching on execution -days at Kennington Common, was to catch the ears -of the idlers. I should have noticed Kendall’s farm,<a name="FNanchor_43" id="FNanchor_43"></a><a href="#Footnote_43" class="fnanchor">[43]</a> -which in 1746 belonged to a farmer of the name of Bilson, -a pretty large one, where I have seen eight or ten immense -hay-ricks all on a row; it stood on the site of the commencement -of the present Osnaburg Street, nearly opposite -the “Green Man,” originally called the “Farthing Pie -House.”<a name="FNanchor_44" id="FNanchor_44"></a><a href="#Footnote_44" class="fnanchor">[44]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus5"> - -<img src="images/illus5.jpg" width="650" height="425" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">“SING <em>TANTARARA</em>—VAUXHALL! VAUXHALL!”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span></p> - -<p>To the honour of our climate, which is often abused, -perhaps no country can produce instances of longevity -equal to those of England of this year, viz.:—at 100, 2; -101, 5; 102, 6; 103, 3; 105, 4; 106, 3; 107, 4; 108, 5; -109, 4; 110, 2; 111, 2; 112, 3; 114, 1; 118, 1; -125, Rice, a cooper in Southwark; 133, Mrs. Keithe, at -Newnham, in Gloucestershire; 138, the widow Chun, -at Ophurst, near Lichfield.<a name="FNanchor_45" id="FNanchor_45"></a><a href="#Footnote_45" class="fnanchor">[45]</a></p> - -<h3>1773.</h3> - -<p>The “Mother Red-cap,” at Kentish Town, was a -house of no small terror to travellers in former times.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span> -This house was lately taken down, and another inn built -on its site; however, the old sign of “Mother Red-cap” -is preserved on the new building. It has been stated -that Mother Red-cap was the “Mother Damnable” of -Kentish Town in early days; and that it was at her house -the notorious “Moll Cut-purse,” the highway-woman of -the time of Oliver Cromwell, dismounted and frequently -lodged.<a name="FNanchor_46" id="FNanchor_46"></a><a href="#Footnote_46" class="fnanchor">[46]</a></p> - -<p>As few persons possess so retentive a memory as myself, -I make no doubt that many will be pleased with my recollections -of the state of Tottenham Court Road at this -time. I shall commence at St. Giles’s churchyard, in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span> -the northern wall of which there was a gateway of red -and brown brick. Over this gate, under its pediment, -was a carved composition of the Last Judgment, not -borrowed from Michael Angelo, but from the workings of -the brain of some ship-carver.<a name="FNanchor_47" id="FNanchor_47"></a><a href="#Footnote_47" class="fnanchor">[47]</a> This was and is still admired -by the generality of ignorant observers, as much as Mr. -Charles Smith<a name="FNanchor_48" id="FNanchor_48"></a><a href="#Footnote_48" class="fnanchor">[48]</a> the sculptor’s “Love among the Roses” -is by the well-informed; and, perhaps, a more correct -assertion was never made than that by the late worthy -Rev. James Bean,<a name="FNanchor_49" id="FNanchor_49"></a><a href="#Footnote_49" class="fnanchor">[49]</a> when speaking of an itinerant musician, -“that bad music was as agreeable to a bad ear as that of -Corelli or Pergolesi was to persons who understood the -science.”</p> - -<p>At this gate stood for many years an eccentric but -inoffensive old man called “Simon,” some account of -whom will be found in a future page. Nearly on the -site of the new gate, in which this <i lang="it">basso relievo</i> has been -most conspicuously placed, stood a very small old house -towards Denmark Street, tottering for several years -whenever a heavy carriage rolled through the street,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span> -to the great terror of those who were at the time passing -by.</p> - -<p>I must not forget to observe that I recollect the building -of most of the houses at the north end of New Compton -Street (Dean Street and Compton Street, Soho, were -named in compliment to Bishop Compton, Dean of St. -Paul’s, who held the living of St. Anne), and I also remember -a row of six small almshouses, surrounded by a dwarf -brick wall, standing in the middle of High Street.<a name="FNanchor_50" id="FNanchor_50"></a><a href="#Footnote_50" class="fnanchor">[50]</a></p> - -<p>On the left-hand of High Street, passing on to Tottenham -Court Road, there were four handsomely finished brick -houses, with grotesque masks on the key-stones above -the first-floor windows, probably erected in the reign of -Queen Anne. These houses have lately been rebuilt -without the masks; fortunately my reader may be gratified -with a sight of such ornaments in Queen Square, Westminster.<a name="FNanchor_51" id="FNanchor_51"></a><a href="#Footnote_51" class="fnanchor">[51]</a> -There is a set of engravings of masks, of a -small quarto size, considered as the designs of Michael -Angelo; and in the sale of Mr. Moser, the first keeper -of the Royal Academy, which took place at Hutchinson’s -in 1783, were several plaster casts, considered to be taken -from models by him. The next object of notoriety is a -large circular boundary stone, let into the pavement in -the middle of the highway, exactly where Oxford Street -and Tottenham Court Road meet in a right angle. When -the charity boys of St. Giles’s parish walk the boundaries, -those who have deserved flogging are whipped at this -stone, in order that, as they grow up, they may remember<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span> -the place, and be competent to give evidence should any -dispute arise with the adjoining parishes. Near this -stone stood St. Giles’s Pound.<a name="FNanchor_52" id="FNanchor_52"></a><a href="#Footnote_52" class="fnanchor">[52]</a> Two old houses stood -near this spot on the eastern side of the street, where the -entrance gates of Meux’s brewery have been erected: -between the second-floor windows of one of them the -following inscription was cut in stone: “Opposite this -house stood St. Giles’s Pound.” This spot has been -rendered popular by a song, attributed to the pen of a -Mr. Thompson, an actor of the Drury Lane Company:</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“On Newgate steps Jack Chance was found,</div> -<div class="verse">Bred up near St. Giles’s Pound.”<a name="FNanchor_53" id="FNanchor_53"></a><a href="#Footnote_53" class="fnanchor">[53]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span></p> -<p>The ground behind the north-west end of Russell -Street was occupied by a farm occupied by two old maiden -sisters of the name of Capper. They wore riding-habits, -and men’s hats; one rode an old grey mare, and it was -her spiteful delight to ride with a large pair of shears -after boys who were flying their kites, purposely to cut -their strings; the other sister’s business was to seize the -clothes of the lads who trespassed on their premises to -bathe.<a name="FNanchor_54" id="FNanchor_54"></a><a href="#Footnote_54" class="fnanchor">[54]</a></p> - -<p>From Capper’s farm were several straggling houses; -but the principal part of the ground to the “King’s Head,” -at the end of the road, was unbuilt upon. The “Old King’s -Head” forms a side object in Hogarth’s beautiful and -celebrated picture of the “March to Finchley,” which -may be seen with other fine specimens of art in the Foundling -Hospital, for the charitable donation of one shilling.</p> - -<p>I shall now recommence on the left-hand side of the -road, noticing that on the front of the first house, No. 1, -in Oxford Street, near the second-floor windows, is the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span> -following inscription cut in stone: <span class="smcap">Oxford Street</span>, 1725. -In Aggas’s plan of London, engraved in the beginning -of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, the commencement of -this street is designated “The Waye to Uxbridge”; -farther on in the same plan the highway is called “Oxford -Road.” Hanway Street, better known by the vulgar -people under the name of <span class="smcap">Hanover Yard</span>, was at this -time the resort of the highest fashion for mercery and -other articles of dress. The public-house, the sign of the -“Blue Posts,” at the corner of Hanway Street, in Tottenham -Court Road, was once kept by a man of the name of Sturges, -deep in the knowledge of chess, upon which game he published -a little work, as is acknowledged on his tombstone -in St. James’s burial-ground, Hampstead Road.<a name="FNanchor_55" id="FNanchor_55"></a><a href="#Footnote_55" class="fnanchor">[55]</a> From<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> -the “Blue Posts” the houses were irregularly built to a large -space called Gresse’s Gardens, thence to Windmill Street, -strongly recommended by physicians for the salubrity -of the air. The premises occupied by the French charity -children were held by the founders of the Middlesex Hospital, -which were established in 1755, where the patients -remained until the present building was erected in Charles -Street. Colvill Court, parallel with Windmill Street -northward, was built in 1766; and Goodge Street,<a name="FNanchor_56" id="FNanchor_56"></a><a href="#Footnote_56" class="fnanchor">[56]</a> farther -on, was, I conjecture, erected much about the same time. -Mr. Whitefield’s chapel was built in 1754, upon the site -of an immense pond, called <span class="smcap">The Little Sea</span>. This pond, -so called, is inserted in Pine and Tinney’s plan of London, -published in 1742, and also in the large one issued by the -same persons in 1746.<a name="FNanchor_57" id="FNanchor_57"></a><a href="#Footnote_57" class="fnanchor">[57]</a> Beyond the chapel<a name="FNanchor_58" id="FNanchor_58"></a><a href="#Footnote_58" class="fnanchor">[58]</a> the four<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span> -dwellings, then called “Paradise Row,” almost terminated -the houses on that side. A turnstile opened into Crab-tree -Fields.<a name="FNanchor_59" id="FNanchor_59"></a><a href="#Footnote_59" class="fnanchor">[59]</a> They extended to the “Adam and Eve” public-house, -the original appearance of which Hogarth has also -introduced into his picture of the “March to Finchley.” -It was at this house that the famous pugilistic skill of -Broughton and Slack was publicly exhibited, upon an -uncovered stage, in a yard open to the North Road.<a name="FNanchor_60" id="FNanchor_60"></a><a href="#Footnote_60" class="fnanchor">[60]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus6"> - -<img src="images/illus6.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">GEORGE WHITEFIELD</p> - -<p class="caption">“Fain would I die preaching.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span></p> - -<p>The rare and beautiful etching of the before-mentioned -picture by Hogarth was the production of Luke Sullivan,<a name="FNanchor_61" id="FNanchor_61"></a><a href="#Footnote_61" class="fnanchor">[61]</a> -a native of Ireland, but how he acquired his knowledge -of art I have not been able to learn; most probably he -was of Dame Nature’s school, where pupils can be taught -gratis the whole twenty-four hours of every day as long -as the world lasts. Sullivan’s talents were not confined -to the art of engraving; he was, in my humble opinion, -the most extraordinary of all miniature painters. I have -three or four of his productions, one of which was so particularly -fine, that I could almost say I have it on my retina -at this moment. It was the portrait of a most lovely -woman as to features, flesh, and blood. She was dressed -in a pale green silk gown, lapelled with straw-coloured<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span> -satin; and in order to keep up a sweetness of tone, the -artist had placed primroses in her stomacher; the sky -was of a warm green, which blended harmoniously with -the carnations of her complexion; her hair was jet, and -her necklace of pearls.</p> - -<p>Lord Orford, whose early attachment to the sleepy-eyed -beauties of King Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span>’s Court, and those with -the lascivious leer of that of Louis <span class="smcapuc">XIV.</span>, as may be inferred -by their numerous portraits in the cabinets at Strawberry -Hill, would no doubt have preferred his favourites, Cooper -and Petitot—names eternally, and many times unjustly, -extolled by the admirers of their works to the injury of -our artists, whose talents equal, if not surpass, those of -every country put together, in, I think I may say, every -branch of the fine arts. Upon this too general opinion -of the pre-eminence of Petitot, I have now and then -had a battle with Mr. Paul Fischer, the miniature -painter, who certainly has produced some most -highly finished and excellent likenesses of the Royal -Family and several persons of fashion, particularly -of King George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> and Sir Wathen Waller, -Bart.<a name="FNanchor_62" id="FNanchor_62"></a><a href="#Footnote_62" class="fnanchor">[62]</a></p> - -<p>Notwithstanding Tottenham Court Road was so infested -by the lowest order, who kept what they called a -Gooseberry Fair,<a name="FNanchor_63" id="FNanchor_63"></a><a href="#Footnote_63" class="fnanchor">[63]</a> it was famous at certain times of the -year, particularly in summer, for its booths of regular -theatrical performers, who deserted the empty benches -of Drury Lane Theatre, under the mismanagement of Mr.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span> -Fleetwood,<a name="FNanchor_64" id="FNanchor_64"></a><a href="#Footnote_64" class="fnanchor">[64]</a> and condescended to admit the audience at -sixpence each. Mr. Yates, and several other eminent performers, -had their names painted on their booths.</p> - -<p>The whole of the ground north from Capper’s farm, -at the back of the British Museum, so often mentioned -as being frequented by duellists, was in irregular patches, -many fields with turnstiles. The pipes of the New River -Company were propped up in several parts to the height -of six and eight feet, so that persons walked under them -to gather watercresses, which grew in great abundance -and perfection, or to visit the “Brothers’ Steps,” well -known to the Londoners. Of these steps there are many -traditionary stories; the one generally believed is, that -two brothers were in love with a lady, who would not -declare a preference for either, but coolly sat upon a bank -to witness the termination of a duel, which proved fatal -to both. The bank, it is said, on which she sat, and the -footmarks of the brothers when pacing the ground, never -produced grass again. The fact is that these steps were -so often trodden that it was impossible for the grass to -grow. I have frequently passed over them; they were -in a field on the site of Mr. Martin’s chapel, or very nearly -so, and not on the spot as communicated to Miss Porter, -who has written an entertaining novel on the subject.<a name="FNanchor_65" id="FNanchor_65"></a><a href="#Footnote_65" class="fnanchor">[65]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span></p> - -<p>Aubrey, in his <cite>Miscellanies</cite>, states: “The last summer, -on the day of St. John Baptist (1694), I accidentally was -walking in the pasture behind Montague House; it was -twelve o’clock. I saw there about two or three and -twenty young women, most of them well habited, on -their knees very busie, as if they had been weeding. I -could not presently learn what the matter was; at last a -young man told me that they were looking for a coal -under the root of a plantain to put under their heads -that night, and they should dream who would be their -husbands. It was to be found that day and hour.”<a name="FNanchor_66" id="FNanchor_66"></a><a href="#Footnote_66" class="fnanchor">[66]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus7"> - -<img src="images/illus7.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">JOHN RANN</p> - -<p class="caption">“Sixteen String Jack.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1774.</h3> - -<p>I well remember when, in my eighth year, my father’s -playfellow, Mr. Joseph Nollekens, leading me by the hand -to the end of John Street, to see the notorious terror of -the king’s highways, John Rann, commonly called Sixteen-string -Jack, on his way to execution at Tyburn, for robbing -Dr. Bell, Chaplain to the Princess Amelia, in Gunnesbury -Lane. The Doctor died a Prebendary of Westminster. -It was pretty generally reported that the sixteen strings -worn by this freebooter at his knees were in allusion to -the number of times he had been acquitted. Fortunately -for the Boswell illustrators, there is an etched portrait -of him; for, be it known, thief as he was, he had the -honour of being recorded by Dr. Johnson.<a name="FNanchor_67" id="FNanchor_67"></a><a href="#Footnote_67" class="fnanchor">[67]</a> Rann was -a smart fellow, a great favourite with a certain description -of <em>ladies</em>, and had been coachman to Lord Sandwich, -when his Lordship resided in the south-east corner-house -of Bedford Row. The malefactor’s coat was a bright -pea-green; he had an immense nosegay, which he had -received from the hand of one of the frail sisterhood, -whose practice it was in those days to present flowers to -their favourites from the steps of St. Sepulchre’s church,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span> -as the last token of what they called their attachment -to the condemned,<a name="FNanchor_68" id="FNanchor_68"></a><a href="#Footnote_68" class="fnanchor">[68]</a> whose worldly accounts were generally -brought to a close at Tyburn, in consequence of their -associating with abandoned characters. On our return -home, Mr. Nollekens, stooping close to my ear, assured -me that, had his father-in-law, Mr. Justice Welch, been -high constable, we could have walked all the way to Tyburn -by the side of the cart.<a name="FNanchor_69" id="FNanchor_69"></a><a href="#Footnote_69" class="fnanchor">[69]</a></p> - -<p>At this time houses in High Street, Marylebone, particularly -on the western side, continued to be inhabited -by families who kept their coaches, and who considered -themselves as living in the country, and perhaps their -family affairs were as well known as they could have been -had they resided at Kilburn.<a name="FNanchor_70" id="FNanchor_70"></a><a href="#Footnote_70" class="fnanchor">[70]</a> In Marylebone, great and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span> -wealthy people of former days could hardly stir an inch -without being noticed; indeed, so lately as the year 1728, -the <cite>Daily Journal</cite> assured the public that “many persons -arrived in London from their country-houses in Marylebone”; -and the same publication, dated October 15th, -conveys the following intelligence:—</p> - -<p>“The Right Hon. Sir Robert Walpole comes to town -this day from Chelsea.”</p> - -<p>The following lines were inserted by the late Sir William -Musgrave, in his <cite>Adversaria</cite> (No. 5721):—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Sir Robert Walpole in great haste</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Cryed, ‘Where’s my fellow gone?’</div> -<div class="verse">It was answered by a man of taste,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">‘Your fellow, Sir, there’s none.’”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>One Sunday morning my mother allowed me, before -we entered the little church<a name="FNanchor_71" id="FNanchor_71"></a><a href="#Footnote_71" class="fnanchor">[71]</a> in High Street, Marylebone, -to stand to see the young gentlemen of Mr. Fountayne’s -boarding-school cross the road, while the bell was chiming -for sacred duties. I remember well a summer’s sun shone -with full refulgence at the time, and my youthful eyes -were dazzled with the various colours of the dresses of -the youths, who walked two and two, some in pea-green, -others sky-blue, and several in the brightest scarlet; -many of them wore gold-laced hats, while the flowing -locks of others, at that time allowed to remain uncut at<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span> -schools, fell over their shoulders. To the best of my -recollection, the scholars amounted to about one hundred. -As the pleasurable and often idle scenes of my schoolboy -days are pictured upon my retina whenever Crouch End, or -the name of my venerable master, Norton,<a name="FNanchor_72" id="FNanchor_72"></a><a href="#Footnote_72" class="fnanchor">[72]</a> are mentioned, -and as others may feel similar delight with respect to the -places at which they received their early education, I shall -endeavour to gratify a few of my readers by a description -of the house and playground of Mr. Fountayne’s academy. -For this purpose it may not be irrelevant to notice something -of the antiquity of that once splendid mansion, in which so -many persons have passed their early and innocent hours.</p> - -<p>Topographers who mention Marylebone Park inform -us that foreign ambassadors were in the time of Queen -Elizabeth and James <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> amused there by hunting, and -that the oldest parts of this school were the remains of -the palace in which they were entertained. The earliest -topographical representation which I am enabled to -instance, is a drawing made by Joslin, dated 1700, formerly -in the possession of his Grace the Duke of Buckingham, -of which I published an etching. It comprehends the -field-gate and palace, its surrounding walls and adjacent -buildings in Marylebone to the south-west, including a -large mansion, which in all probability had been Oxford -House, the grand receptacle of the Harleian Library. -Fortune, I am sorry to say, has not favoured me with -the power of continuing the declining history of the -palace to the period at which it became an academy, -nor can I discover the time in which Monsieur de la Place -first occupied it.<a name="FNanchor_73" id="FNanchor_73"></a><a href="#Footnote_73" class="fnanchor">[73]</a> A daughter of De la Place married<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span> -the Rev. Mr. Fountayne,<a name="FNanchor_74" id="FNanchor_74"></a><a href="#Footnote_74" class="fnanchor">[74]</a> whose name the school retained -until its final demolition in 1791, at which period I remember -seeing the large stone balls taken from the brick piers of -the gates.</p> - -<p>Of this house, when a school, I recollect a miserably -executed plate by Roberts, probably for some magazine; -there is also a quarto plate displaying a knowledge in -perspective, engraved by G. T. Parkyns, from a drawing -by J. C. Barrow;<a name="FNanchor_75" id="FNanchor_75"></a><a href="#Footnote_75" class="fnanchor">[75]</a> but the most interesting, and I must -consider the most correct, are four drawings made by -Michael Angelo Rooker,<a name="FNanchor_76" id="FNanchor_76"></a><a href="#Footnote_76" class="fnanchor">[76]</a> formerly in my possession, but -now in the illustrated copy of Pennant’s <cite>London</cite> in the -British Museum.<a name="FNanchor_77" id="FNanchor_77"></a><a href="#Footnote_77" class="fnanchor">[77]</a> These have enabled me to insert the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span> -following description of a few parts of the mansion. -The first drawing is a view of the principal and original -front of the palace, or manor-house, with other buildings -open to the playground; it was immediately within the -wall on the east side of the road, then standing upon -the site of the present Devonshire Mews. This house -consisted of an immense body and two wings, a projecting -porch in the front, and an enormously deep dormer roof, -supported by numerous cantilevers, in the centre of which -there was, within a very bold pediment, a shield surmounted -by foliage with labels below it. The second drawing -exhibits the back, or garden front, which consisted of a -flat face with a bay window at each end, glazed in quarries;<a name="FNanchor_78" id="FNanchor_78"></a><a href="#Footnote_78" class="fnanchor">[78]</a> -the wall of the back front terminated with five gables. -In the midst of some shrubs stands a tall, lusty gentleman -dressed in black, with a white Busby-wig and a three-cornered -hat, possibly intended for the figure of the Rev. -Mr. Fountayne, as he is directing the gardener to distribute -some plants. The third drawing, which is taken from -the hall, exhibits the grand staircase, the first flight of -which consisted of sixteen steps; the hand-rails were -supported with richly carved perforated foliage, from -its style, probably of the period of Inigo Jones. The -fourth drawing consists of the decorations of the staircase, -which was tessellated. This mansion was wholly of -brick, and surmounted by a large turret containing the -clock and bell. Mr. Fountayne was noticed by Handel -as well as Clarke, the celebrated Greek scholar.<a name="FNanchor_79" id="FNanchor_79"></a><a href="#Footnote_79" class="fnanchor">[79]</a> These<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span> -gentlemen frequently indulged in musical parties, which -were attended by persons of rank and worth, as well as -fashion and folly.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 390px;" id="illus8"> - -<img src="images/illus8.jpg" width="390" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">LONDON BEGGARS</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH</p> - -<p class="caption">John Mac Nally … “well known about Parliament Street, and the Surrey foot of -Westminster Bridge.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>Mrs. Fountayne was a vain, dashing woman, extremely -fond of appearing at Court, for which purpose, as was -generally known, she borrowed Lady Harrington’s jewels.<a name="FNanchor_80" id="FNanchor_80"></a><a href="#Footnote_80" class="fnanchor">[80]</a> -Indeed, her passion for display was carried to such an extreme, -that she kept her carriage, and that without the knowledge -of her husband, by the following artful manœuvre. -As the scholars were mostly sons of persons of title and -large fortunes, she professed to have many favourites, -<em>who had behaved so well</em> that she was often tempted to -take them to the play, which so pleased the parents that -they liberally reimbursed her in the coach and theatrical -expenses, though she actually obtained orders upon -those occasions from her friend Mrs. Yates, by which -contrivance she was enabled to keep the vehicle in -which they were conveyed to the theatres; Mrs.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span> -Yates,<a name="FNanchor_81" id="FNanchor_81"></a><a href="#Footnote_81" class="fnanchor">[81]</a> however, was amply repaid for her orders by -the number of tickets which Mrs. Fountayne prevailed -on the parents of the scholars to take at her -benefits.<a name="FNanchor_82" id="FNanchor_82"></a><a href="#Footnote_82" class="fnanchor">[82]</a></p> - -<p>Previous to a consultation of physicians respecting -the doubtful case of a young gentleman boarder, one of -Mr. Fountayne’s daughters overheard something like the -following dialogue by placing herself behind the window -hangings:—<i>Doctor</i>: “You look better.”—“Yes, sir; I -now eat suppers, and wear a double flannel jacket.” At -this time the lady behind the curtains tittered. “Hark! -what noise is that?” interrogated an old member of -Warwick Lane’s far-famed college.<a name="FNanchor_83" id="FNanchor_83"></a><a href="#Footnote_83" class="fnanchor">[83]</a> “Oh,” said another -of the faculty, “it’s only the sneezing of a cat.” After -this, instead of saying a word about magnesia, Gaskin’s -powder, or oil of sweet almonds, they resumed their conversation -upon their indulgences, and finally ended with -some severe philippic upon Lord North’s administration. -This occupied a considerable portion of their time before -the house-apothecary (who had called them in) was -questioned as to what he had given the patient. His -draught being perfectly consistent with the college pharmacopœia, -they all agreed that he could not do better<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span> -than repeat it as often as he thought proper; and thus -the important consultation ended.</p> - -<p>In the hall of this house was a parrot, so aged that -its few remaining feathers were for years confined to its -wrinkled skin by a flannel jacket, which in very cold -weather received an additional broadcloth covering of -the brightest scarlet, so that Poll, like the Lord Mayor, -had her scarlet days. Poll, who had been long accustomed -to hear her mistress’s general invitation to strangers who -called to inquire after the boarders, relieved her of that -ceremony by uttering, as soon as they entered, “Do -pray walk into the parlour and take a glass of wine!” -but this she finally did with so little discrimination, that -when a servant came with a letter or a card for her mistress, -or a fellow with a summons from the Court of Conscience, -he was greeted by the bird with equal liberality and politeness.</p> - -<p>In this year the houses of the north end of Newman -Street commanded a view of the fields over hillocks of -ground now occupied by Norfolk Street,<a name="FNanchor_84" id="FNanchor_84"></a><a href="#Footnote_84" class="fnanchor">[84]</a> and the north -and east outer sides of Middlesex Hospital garden-wall -were entirely exposed. From the east end of Union -Street, where Locatelli the sculptor subsequently had -his studio,<a name="FNanchor_85" id="FNanchor_85"></a><a href="#Footnote_85" class="fnanchor">[85]</a> the ground was very deep; and much about<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span> -that spot, more to the east, stood a cottage with a garden -before it, with its front to the south. This was kept by -John Smith, one of Mr. Wilton the sculptor’s oldest -labourers; immediately behind this cottage was a rope-walk, -which extended north to a considerable distance -under the shade of two magnificent rows of elms. Here -I have often seen Richard Wilson the landscape painter -and Baretti walk.<a name="FNanchor_86" id="FNanchor_86"></a><a href="#Footnote_86" class="fnanchor">[86]</a> At the right-hand side of this rope-walk -there was a pathway on a bank, commencing from -the site of the foundation of the present workhouse, -belonging to St. Paul’s, Covent Garden. This house -was then planned out, and finished in the ensuing year, -according to the date on its western front.</p> - -<p>The bank extended northwards to the “Farthing -Pie House,” now the sign of the “Green Man,” and was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span> -kept by a person of the name of Price, a famous player -on the salt-box.<a name="FNanchor_87" id="FNanchor_87"></a><a href="#Footnote_87" class="fnanchor">[87]</a> Of this highly respectable publican -there is an excellent mezzotinto engraving by Jones, -after a picture by Lawranson. It commanded views of -the old “Queen’s Head and Artichoke,” the old “Jew’s-Harp -House,” and the distant hills of Highgate, Hampstead, -Primrose, and Harrow. I was then in my eighth -year, and frequently played at trap-ball between the -above-mentioned sombre elms.</p> - -<p>The south and east ends of Queen Anne<a name="FNanchor_88" id="FNanchor_88"></a><a href="#Footnote_88" class="fnanchor">[88]</a> and Marylebone<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span> -Streets were then unbuilt, and the space consisted -of fields to the west corner of Tottenham Court Road; -thence to the extreme of High Street, Marylebone Gardens, -Marylebone Bason, and another pond called Cockney-ladle.<a name="FNanchor_89" id="FNanchor_89"></a><a href="#Footnote_89" class="fnanchor">[89]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span></p> - -<p>I recollect the building of the north side of Marylebone -Street, the whole of that portion of Portland Street north -of Portland Chapel, the site of Cockney-ladle, Duke Street, -Portland Place, and the greatest part of Harley Street, -Wimpole Street, and Portland Place, and Devonshire -Place when Marylebone Bason was the terror of many -a mother.<a name="FNanchor_90" id="FNanchor_90"></a><a href="#Footnote_90" class="fnanchor">[90]</a> Of this Bason Chatelain executed a spirited -etching, of a quarto size, which is now considered by the -topographical collectors a great rarity. The carriage and -principal entrance to Marylebone Gardens was in High -Street; the back entrance was from the fields, beyond -which, north, was a narrow, winding passage, with garden-palings -on either side, leading into High Street. In this -passage were numerous openings into small gardens, -divided for the recreation of various cockney florists, -their wives, children, and Sunday smoking visitors. These -were called the “French Gardens,” in consequence of -having been cultivated by refugees who fled their country -after the Edict of Nantes.<a name="FNanchor_91" id="FNanchor_91"></a><a href="#Footnote_91" class="fnanchor">[91]</a> I well remember my grandmother -taking me through this passage to Marylebone -Gardens, to see the fireworks, and thinking them prodigiously -grand. As the following notices of Marylebone -Gardens have given me no small pleasure in collecting, -and as they afford more information of that once fashionable -place of recreation than has hitherto been brought -together, or perhaps known to any other individual, I -without hesitation offer my gleanings<a name="FNanchor_92" id="FNanchor_92"></a><a href="#Footnote_92" class="fnanchor">[92]</a> to the reader,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> -chronologically arranged, commencing with Pepys’s -visit in</p> - -<p>1668.—“When we abroad to Marrowbone, and there -walked in the garden; the first time I ever was there, -and a pretty place it is.”<a name="FNanchor_93" id="FNanchor_93"></a><a href="#Footnote_93" class="fnanchor">[93]</a></p> - -<p>1691.—Long’s bowling-green at the “Rose,” at Marylebone, -half a mile distant from London, is mentioned in -the <cite>London Gazette</cite>, January 11.<a name="FNanchor_94" id="FNanchor_94"></a><a href="#Footnote_94" class="fnanchor">[94]</a></p> - -<p>1718.—“This is to give notice to all persons of quality, -ladies and gentlemen, that there having been illuminations -in Marybone bowling-greens on his Majesty’s birthday -every year since his happy accession to the throne; the -same is (for this time) put off till Monday next, and will -be performed, with a <em>consort</em> of musick, in the middle -green, by reason there is a Ball in the gardens at Kensington -with illuminations, and at Richmond also.” (See -the <cite>Daily Courant</cite>, Thursday, May 29.)</p> - -<p>1738-9.—Mr. Gough enlarged the gardens, built an -orchestra, and issued silver tickets at 12s. for the season, -each ticket to admit two persons. From every one without<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span> -a ticket 6d. was demanded for the evening; but afterwards, -as the season advanced, the admission was 1s. for a -lady and gentleman. The gardens were open from six till ten.</p> - -<p>1740.—An organ, built by Bridge, was added to the -band, admittance 6d. each; but afterwards, when the -new room was erected, the admission was increased to 1s.</p> - -<p>1741. May 23.—A grand martial composition of music -was performed by Mr. Lampe, in honour of Admiral Vernon, -for taking Carthagena.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 390px;" id="illus9"> - -<img src="images/illus9.jpg" width="390" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">LONDON BEGGARS</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH</p> - -<p class="caption">“A silver haired man of the name of Lilly.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>1742.—The proprietor of the Mulberry Garden, Clerkenwell, -indulged in the following remarks upon five places -of similar amusement:—</p> - -<p>“<em>Ruckhoult</em> has found one day and night’s alfresco -in the week to be inconvenient.<a name="FNanchor_95" id="FNanchor_95"></a><a href="#Footnote_95" class="fnanchor">[95]</a></p> - -<p>“<em>Ranelagh House</em>, supported by a giant, whose legs -will scarcely support him.<a name="FNanchor_96" id="FNanchor_96"></a><a href="#Footnote_96" class="fnanchor">[96]</a></p> - -<p>“<em>Mary le Bon Gardens</em> down on their marrow-bones.</p> - -<p>“<em>New Wells</em> at low water.<a name="FNanchor_97" id="FNanchor_97"></a><a href="#Footnote_97" class="fnanchor">[97]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span></p> - -<p>“<em>At Cuper’s</em> the fire almost out.”<a name="FNanchor_98" id="FNanchor_98"></a><a href="#Footnote_98" class="fnanchor">[98]</a> (See the <cite>Daily -Post</cite>, July 28.)</p> - -<p>1743.—The holders of Marybone Garden tickets let -them out at reduced prices for the evening. Ranelagh -tickets were also advertised to be had at Old Slaughter’s -Coffee-house at 1s. 3d. each, admitting two persons. -Vauxhall tickets were likewise to be had at the same -place at 1s. each, admitting two persons. (See the <cite>Daily -Advertiser</cite> for April 23.)</p> - -<p>1744.—Miss Scott was a singer, Mr. Knerler played -the violin, and Mr. Ferrand an instrument called the -Pariton.<a name="FNanchor_99" id="FNanchor_99"></a><a href="#Footnote_99" class="fnanchor">[99]</a></p> - -<p>1746.—Robberies were now so frequent and the thieves -so desperate, that the proprietor of the gardens was obliged -to have a guard of soldiers to protect the company to and -from London. The best plan of the gardens has been given -in Plate I. of Rocque’s Plan of London, published in 1746.</p> - -<p>1747.—Miss Falkner, singer;<a name="FNanchor_100" id="FNanchor_100"></a><a href="#Footnote_100" class="fnanchor">[100]</a> Henry Rose, first violin;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span> -and Mr. Philpot, organist.—Admittance to the garden, 6d.; -to the concert, 2s.</p> - -<p>1748.—Miss Falkner, singer. No persons to be admitted -to the balls unless in full dress.</p> - -<p>1749.—It appears by the advertisements that dress-balls -and concerts were the only amusements of this year.</p> - -<p>1750.—Miss Falkner, Mr. Lowe, and Master Phillips, -were the singers.</p> - -<p>1751.—John Trusler was sole proprietor of the Gardens.<a name="FNanchor_101" id="FNanchor_101"></a><a href="#Footnote_101" class="fnanchor">[101]</a> -Singers, Miss Falkner, Master Phillips, and Master Arne. -On the 30th of August there was a ball; and as the road -had been repaired, coaches drove up to the door—a ten-and-sixpenny -ticket admitted two persons. The doors -opened at nine o’clock.</p> - -<p>1752.—Miss Falkner and Mr. Wilder singers.</p> - -<p>1753.—The <cite>Public Advertiser</cite> of May 25, June 20, -September 10 and 24, states that the gardens were much -more extensive by taking in the bowling-green, and considerably -improved by several additional walks; that -lights had been erected in the coach-way from Oxford -Road, and also on the footpath from Cavendish Square -to the entrance to the gardens; and that the fireworks -were splendid beyond conception. A large sun was -exhibited at the top of a picture, a cascade, and shower -of fire, and grand <em>air-balloons</em> (perhaps these were the -first air-balloons in England) were also most magnificently -displayed; and likewise that <em>red</em> fire was introduced. -This is the earliest instance of <em>Red</em> fire I have been able -to meet with. Mrs. Chambers and Master Moore were -singers.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span></p> - -<p>1756.—Two rooms were opened for dinner-parties. -Trusler, the proprietor of the gardens, was a cook.</p> - -<p>1757.—Mr. Thomas Glanville, Mr. Kear, Mr. Reinhold, -and Mr. Champneys were singers.</p> - -<p>1758.—The Gardens opened on May the 16th; the -singers were, Signora Saratina, Miss Glanvil, and Mr. Kear. -No persons were admitted to the ball-rooms without five-shilling -tickets, which admitted a gentleman and two -ladies; and only twenty-six tickets were delivered for -each night. Mr. Trusler’s son produced the first burletta -that was performed in the Gardens; it was entitled -“<span class="smcap">La Serva Padrona</span>,” for which he only received the -profits of the printed books.<a name="FNanchor_102" id="FNanchor_102"></a><a href="#Footnote_102" class="fnanchor">[102]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span></p> - -<p>1759.—The Gardens were opened for breakfasting; -and Miss Trusler made the cakes. Mr. Reinhold and -Mr. Gaudrey were the singers.</p> - -<p>1760.—The Gardens, greatly improved, opened on -Monday, May 26th, with the usual musical entertainments. -The Gardens were opened also every Sunday evening -after five o’clock, where genteel company were admitted -to walk gratis, and were accommodated with coffee, tea, -cakes, etc.</p> - -<p>The following announcement appears in the <cite>Daily -Advertiser</cite> of May 6th, this year:—</p> - -<p>“Mr. Trusler’s daughter begs leave to inform the Nobility -and Gentry, that she intends to make Fruit-Tarts during -the fruit Season; and hopes to give equal satisfaction -as with the rich Cakes, and Almond Cheesecakes. The -Fruit will always be fresh gathered, having great quantities -in the Garden; and none but Loaf Sugar used, and the -finest Epping Butter. Tarts of a Twelvepenny size will -be made every day from One to Three o’clock; and those -who want them of larger sizes to fill a Dish, are desired -to speak for them, and send their dish or the size of it, -and the Cake shall be made to fit.</p> - -<p>“The Almond Cheesecakes will be always hot at -one o’clock as usual; and the rich Seed and Plum-cakes -sent to any part of the town, at 2s. 6d. each. Coffee, -Tea, and Chocolate, at any time of the day; and fine -Epping Butter may also be had.”<a name="FNanchor_103" id="FNanchor_103"></a><a href="#Footnote_103" class="fnanchor">[103]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span></p> - -<p>1761.—An excellent half-sheet engraving, after a -drawing made by J. Donowell, published this year, represents -Marybone Gardens, probably in their fullest splendour. -The centre of this view exhibits the longest walk, -with regular rows of young trees on either side, the stems -of which received the irons for the lamps at about the -height of seven feet from the ground. On either side -this walk were latticed alcoves: on the right hand of -the walk, according to this view, stood the bow-fronted -orchestra with balustrades, supported by columns. The -roof was extended considerably over the erection, to -keep the musicians and singers free from rain. On the -left hand of the walk was a room, possibly for balls and -suppers. The figures in this view are so well drawn and -characteristic of the time, that I am tempted to recommend -the particular attention of my reader to it.</p> - -<p>The Gardens were opened gratis this year, and the -organ was played while the company took their tea.</p> - -<p>1762.—The Gardens were in fine order this year, and -visited by the Cherokee Kings—admittance sixpence.<a name="FNanchor_104" id="FNanchor_104"></a><a href="#Footnote_104" class="fnanchor">[104]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span> -Mr. Trusler took care to keep out improper company; -Miss Trusler continued to make the cakes.</p> - -<p>1763.—The Gardens were taken by the famous Tommy -Lowe,<a name="FNanchor_105" id="FNanchor_105"></a><a href="#Footnote_105" class="fnanchor">[105]</a> who engaged Mrs. Vincent, Mrs. Lampe, Jun., -Miss Mays, Miss Hyat, Miss Catley, and Mr. Squibb, as -singers.</p> - -<p>August 12th, Mr. Storace had a benefit;<a name="FNanchor_106" id="FNanchor_106"></a><a href="#Footnote_106" class="fnanchor">[106]</a> the singers -were, Brother Lowe, Miss Catley, Miss Smit, and Miss -Plenius. Music. Mr. Samuel Arnold. A large room -was cleared in the great house for the brethren to -dress in.</p> - -<p>Miss Catley’s night was on the 16th of August. Tickets -were sold at Miss Catley’s, facing the Gardens.<a name="FNanchor_107" id="FNanchor_107"></a><a href="#Footnote_107" class="fnanchor">[107]</a></p> - -<p>1764.—The Gardens opened on the 9th May; singers, -Mr. Lowe, Mrs. Vincent, Mrs. Lampe, Jun., Miss Moyse, -Miss Hyat, and Mr. Squibb. Mr. Trusler left the -Gardens this year, and went to reside in Boyle Street, -where his daughter continued to make her cakes, -etc.</p> - -<p>Mr. Lowe returned public thanks to the nobility and -gentry for patronising the Gardens.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;" id="illus10"> - -<img src="images/illus10.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: MATCH BOYS</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span></p> - -<p>This year a stop was put to tea-drinking in the Gardens -on Sunday evenings.</p> - -<p>Mr. Lowe offered a reward of ten guineas for the apprehension -of any highwayman found on the road to the -Gardens.<a name="FNanchor_108" id="FNanchor_108"></a><a href="#Footnote_108" class="fnanchor">[108]</a></p> - -<p>1765.—This year, Mrs. Collett, Miss Davis, and Mrs. -Taylor were the singers.</p> - -<p>1766.—£1, 11s. 6d. was the subscription for two persons -for the season. The doors opened on the 1st of May, -at six o’clock, and the Gardens closed on the 4th of October, -for the season. The principal singers were, Tommy Lowe, -Taylor, Raworth, Vincent, and Miss Davis. I have an -engraving of a Subscription Ticket, inscribed “No. 222, -Marybone, admit two, 1766.” As this ticket is adorned -by two palm-branches, surmounted with two French-horns, -and has also a music book, I conclude it must -have been used on a concert night. This year an exhibition -of bees took place in the Gardens, and the public -were again accommodated with tea at eightpence per -head.</p> - -<p>1767.—Mrs. Gibbons was a singer there this -season.</p> - -<p>1768.—Lowe gave up the Gardens, declaring his loss -in the concern to have been considerable.<a name="FNanchor_109" id="FNanchor_109"></a><a href="#Footnote_109" class="fnanchor">[109]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span></p> - -<p>Mr. Phillips, a singer, in the announcement of his -benefit this season, states that tickets were to be had -at his house, the “Ring and Pearl,” St. Martin’s Court; -and also at Young Slaughter’s Coffee-house, in St. Martin’s -Lane. The following are the titles of a few of the Marybone -Garden songs of this year:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<ul> -<li>Young Colin.</li> -<li>Dolly’s Petition.</li> -<li>The Invitation.</li> -<li>The Rose.</li> -<li>The Moth.</li> -<li>Polly.</li> -<li>A Hunting Song.</li> -<li>Jockey—a favourite Scotch song.</li> -<li>Freedom is a real Treasure.</li> -<li>Jenny charming, but a Woman.</li> -<li>Oh, how vain is every Blessing.</li> -<li>Damon and Phillis.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>The composers of the above songs were Heron and -James Hook (father of Theodore Hook); the singers, -Reynoldson, Taylor, and Miss Froud. During the time -I was collecting the titles of these and other songs, I noticed -an immense number which were dedicated to Chloe. Of -this I took the titles of no fewer than thirty-five published -between the years 1724 and 1740. Why to Chloe? I -have no Stephen Weston now to apply to.<a name="FNanchor_110" id="FNanchor_110"></a><a href="#Footnote_110" class="fnanchor">[110]</a> Dibdin tells -us, when praising the good ship <em>Nancy</em>, that Nancy -was his wife, and that being the fact, accounts for the -number of songs he has left us of his “Charming Nan.”<a name="FNanchor_111" id="FNanchor_111"></a><a href="#Footnote_111" class="fnanchor">[111]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span></p> - -<p>[1769.—In this year, omitted by Smith, the Gardens -were taken over by Dr. Samuel Arnold, the musician. -The years 1769-73 were their best period.]</p> - -<p>1770.—On June 18th, there was a concert of vocal -and instrumental music. First violin, and a concerto, -by Mr. Barthelemon; concerto organ, Mr. Hook. The -fireworks were under the direction of Signor Rossi. The -principal singers this season were, Mr. Reinhold, Mr. -Bannister,<a name="FNanchor_112" id="FNanchor_112"></a><a href="#Footnote_112" class="fnanchor">[112]</a> Mrs. Thompson, Mrs. Barthelemon, and Master -Cheney. The music by Signor Pergolesi,<a name="FNanchor_113" id="FNanchor_113"></a><a href="#Footnote_113" class="fnanchor">[113]</a> with alterations -and additional songs by Mr. Arnold. In July, an awning -was erected in the garden for the better accommodation -of the visitors; and books of the performance were sold -at the bar, price sixpence.</p> - -<p>1771.—Mr. Bannister, Mrs. Thompson, Miss Catley, -and the highly respected Mrs. John Bannister (then Miss -Harper) were the singers of this year.</p> - -<p>1772.—This season the singers were, Mr. Bannister, -Mr. Reinhold, Mrs. Calvert, Mrs. Forbes, Mrs. Cartwright, -and Mrs. Thompson. Music by Signor Giardani,<a name="FNanchor_114" id="FNanchor_114"></a><a href="#Footnote_114" class="fnanchor">[114]</a> Mr. -Hook, and Mr. Arnold.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span></p> - -<p>For the convenience of the visitors, coaches were -allowed to stand in the field before the back entrance. -Mr. Arnold was indicted at Bow Street for the fireworks.<a name="FNanchor_115" id="FNanchor_115"></a><a href="#Footnote_115" class="fnanchor">[115]</a> -Torré, the fire-worker, divided the receipts at the door -with the proprietor.</p> - -<p>1773.—Proposals were issued for a subscription evening -to be held every Thursday during the summer, for which -tickets were delivered to admit two persons. The Gardens -were opened for general admission three evenings in the -week only. On Thursday, May 27th, <cite>Acis and Galatea</cite> -was performed, in which Mr. Bannister, Mr. Reinhold, -Mr. Phillips, and Miss Wilde were singers. Signor Torré, -the fire-worker, was assisted by Monsieur Caillot of Ranelagh -Gardens.</p> - -<p>On Friday, September 15th, Dr. Arne conducted his -celebrated catches and glees. On the 16th of September, -Mr. Clitherow was the fire-worker, for the benefit of the -waiters, who parted with their unsold tickets at the doors -of the Gardens for whatever they could get. Mr. Winston -was in possession of an impression of an admission ticket -for this season.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;" id="illus11"> - -<img src="images/illus11.jpg" width="400" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: IMAGES</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH</p> - -</div> - -<p>1774.—The Gardens opened on May 20th. The -principal singers were, Mr. Dubellamy, Miss Wewitzer -(sister of the dramatic performer), and Miss Trelawny. -The Gardens were opened this year on Sunday evenings -for walking recreation, admittance sixpence. The receipts -of one evening were at the Town-gate £10, 7s. 6d., at the -Field-gate £11, 7s.<a name="FNanchor_116" id="FNanchor_116"></a><a href="#Footnote_116" class="fnanchor">[116]</a> This year Signor Torré, one of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span> -fire-workers of the Gardens, had a benefit; the admission -was 3s. 6d.<a name="FNanchor_117" id="FNanchor_117"></a><a href="#Footnote_117" class="fnanchor">[117]</a> Signor Caillot was then also a fire-worker in -the Gardens; and I find by two shop-bills, in Miss Banks’s -collection in the British Museum, that Benjamin Clitherow -and Samuel Clanfield had also been employed as fire-workers.</p> - -<p>Doctor Kenrick delivered his lectures on Shakspeare in -these Gardens this year.<a name="FNanchor_118" id="FNanchor_118"></a><a href="#Footnote_118" class="fnanchor">[118]</a></p> - -<p>1775.—After frequent inquiries, and a close examination -of the newspapers of this year, I could not find any -advertisement like those of preceding times with singing -and fireworks. The Gardens are thus mentioned during -the first part of the season, in the <cite>Morning Chronicle</cite> and -<cite>London Advertiser</cite> of Monday, May 29th:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“AT MARYBONE GARDENS,</p> - -<p class="center">To-morrow, the 30th instant, will be presented</p> - -<p class="center">THE MODERN MAGIC LANTERN,</p> - -<p>“In three Parts, being an attempt at a sketch of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span> -Times in a variety of Caricatures, accompanied with a -whimsical and satirical Dissertation on each Character.</p> - -<p class="center">By <span class="smcap">R. Baddeley</span>, Comedian.<a name="FNanchor_119" id="FNanchor_119"></a><a href="#Footnote_119" class="fnanchor">[119]</a></p> - -<p class="center">“BILL OF FARE.</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Exordium.</span></p> - -<p class="center">PART THE FIRST.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<ul> -<li>A Sergeant at Law.</li> -<li>Andrew Marvel, Lady Fribble.</li> -<li>A bilking Courtesan.</li> -<li>A Modern Widow.</li> -<li>A Modern Patriot.</li> -<li>A Duelling Apothecary, and</li> -<li>A Foreign Quack.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p class="center">PART THE SECOND.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<ul> -<li>A Man of Consequence.</li> -<li>A Hackney Parson.</li> -<li>A Macaroni Parson.</li> -<li>A Hair-dresser.</li> -<li>A Robin Hood Orator.</li> -<li>Lady Tit for Tat.</li> -<li>An Italian Tooth-drawer</li> -<li>High Life in St. Giles’s.</li> -<li>A Jockey, and</li> -<li>A Jew’s Catechism.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>And Part the Third will consist of a short Magic Sketch -called</p> - -<p class="center">“<span class="smcap">Punch’s Election</span>.</p> - -<p>“Admittance 2s. 6d. each, Coffee or Tea included. -The doors to be opened at seven, and the Exordium to -be spoken at eight o’clock.</p> - -<p class="right">“Vivant Rex et Regina.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span></p> - -<p>At the foot of Mr. Baddeley’s subsequent bills the -Gardens are announced to be still open on a Sunday -evening for company to walk in. Some of the papers of -this year declare, under Mr. Baddeley’s advertisements, -that “no person going into the Gardens with subscription -tickets will be entitled to tea or coffee.”</p> - -<p>The next advertisement was on Tuesday, June 20th.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“MARYBONE GARDENS.</p> - -<p class="center">This Evening will be delivered</p> - -<p class="center">A LECTURE ON MIMICRY,</p> - -<p class="center">BY GEORGE SAVILLE CARY.<a name="FNanchor_120" id="FNanchor_120"></a><a href="#Footnote_120" class="fnanchor">[120]</a></p> - -<p class="center">In which will be introduced</p> - -<p>“A Dialogue between Small Cole and Fiddle-stick; -Billy Bustle, Jerry Dowlas, and Patent; with the characters -of Jerry Sneak in Richard the Third, Shylock in -Macbeth, Juno in her Cups, Momus in his Mugs, and the -Warwickshire Lads. To conclude with a dialogue between -Billy Buckram and Aristophanes, in which Nick Nightingal, -or the Whistler of the Woods, will make his appearance, -as he was lately shown at the Theatre Royal, in the character -of a Crow.</p> - -<p>“Admittance 2s. 6d., coffee or tea included.</p> - -<p>“The Lecture will be repeated To-morrow, Thursday, -and Saturday.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span></p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“June 21st.</p> - -<p class="center">MARYBONE GARDENS.</p> - -<p class="center">This Evening will be delivered</p> - -<p class="center">A LECTURE ON MIMICRY,</p> - -<p class="center">by</p> - -<p class="center">GEORGE SAVILLE CARY.</p> - -<p>“After a new Poetical Exordium, a variety of <span class="smcapuc">THEATRICAL -DELINEATIONS</span> will be introduced.</p> - -<p>“Mr. Fiddle-stick, Mr. Small Coal, Mrs. Artichoke, -Mrs. H—l—y; Bustle the Bookseller; Mr. Patent, Mr. -G——k; Jerry Sneak, Richard III., Mr. W——; another -Richard, Mr. S—th; Shylock, in Macbeth, M—n—.</p> - -<p>“‘What, alas! shall Orpheus do?’ Sig. M—ll—o; -‘Juno in her Cups,’ Miss C—t—y; ‘The Early Horn,’ -Mr. M. D—— B——y; ‘This is, Sir, a Jubilee,’ Mr. B—n—r; -‘Where, Which, and Wherefore,’ Sig. L—at—ni; ‘Within -my Breast,’ Mr. V.; ‘Sweet Willy O,’ Mrs. B—d—y; -‘The Mulberry Tree,’ M—k—r; ‘Ye Warwickshire Lads,’ -Mr. V. and Mr. D.</p> - -<p>Scene in Harlequin’s Invasion, Mr. D——d, Mr. P——ns, -and Mr. B—n—by.</p> - -<p>Othello, Mr. B——y; Nurse, Mrs. P——t; Cymbeline, -Mr. H——st; Iachimo, Mr. P——r; Mr. Posthumous, -Mr. R——h; Pantomime, Mr. F——t and Mr. W——n.<a name="FNanchor_121" id="FNanchor_121"></a><a href="#Footnote_121" class="fnanchor">[121]</a></p> - -<p>The Doors to be opened at Seven o’clock, and to begin -at Eight.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p> - -<p>“Admittance 2s. 6d. each, coffee or tea included.</p> - -<p>“The Lecture will be repeated to-morrow and Saturday -next.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“June 23rd.</p> - -<p class="center">MARYBONE GARDENS.</p> - -<p class="center">“By Virtue of a Licence from the Board of Ordnance, a</p> - -<p class="center">MOST MAGNIFICENT FIREWORK</p> - -<p class="center">will be exhibited on Tuesday next at</p> - -<p class="center">MARYBONE GARDENS,</p> - -<p class="center">In honour of His Majesty’s Birthday.</p> - -<p class="center">“Further particulars will be advertised on Monday next.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>“Indeed, Sir!” is the general exclamation of a passenger -in a stage coach, whenever any one observes that -he had seen Garrick perform; at least, such an observation -has fallen from many of my fellow-travellers, when -I have asserted that I had had the pleasure of seeing -that great actor. On the 25th of November, 1775, my -father first took me to a play, and it was with one of Mr. -Garrick’s orders, when he performed in <cite>The Alchemist</cite>.<a name="FNanchor_122" id="FNanchor_122"></a><a href="#Footnote_122" class="fnanchor">[122]</a></p> - -<p>1776.—Marylebone Gardens opened this year on the -11th of May, by authority. The “Forge of Vulcan” was -represented.<a name="FNanchor_123" id="FNanchor_123"></a><a href="#Footnote_123" class="fnanchor">[123]</a> On the 16th of the same month the Fantoccini -was introduced; on June 3rd Breslaw exhibited -his sleight of hand, and also his company of singers, upon -which occasion handbills were publicly distributed. Admittance -2s.<a name="FNanchor_124" id="FNanchor_124"></a><a href="#Footnote_124" class="fnanchor">[124]</a> On the 25th Mrs. Stuart had a ball, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span> -Signor Rebecca (well known for his productions at the -Pantheon) painted some of the transparencies.<a name="FNanchor_125" id="FNanchor_125"></a><a href="#Footnote_125" class="fnanchor">[125]</a></p> - -<p>Subscription tickets to the Gardens were issued at -£1, 11s. 6d. to admit two persons every evening of performance. -The Gardens were opened on Sunday evenings, -with tea, coffee, and Ranelagh rolls. Caillot was the fire-worker -this season.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus12"> - -<img src="images/illus12.jpg" width="650" height="480" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">THE ROYAL COCKPIT, WESTMINSTER</p> - -</div> - -<p>This, as well as the preceding year, was particularly -famous for the breed of Canary birds, consisting of Junks, -Mealies, Turncrowns, and the Swallow-throats. They -were all “fine in feather and full in song,” and could -sing in the highest perfection many delightful strains, -such as the nightingale’s, titlark’s, and woodlark’s, by -candle-light as well as day. The breeders lived in Norwich, -Colchester, Ipswich, etc. The sellers in London -were principally publicans, and those most in vogue -kept the signs of the “Queen’s Arms,” Newgate Street;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span> -the “Green Dragon,” Narrow Wall, Lambeth; the -“Crown and Horse-shoe,” Holborn; the “Wheatsheaf,” -Fleet Market; the “Marquis of Granby,” Fleet Market; -the “Old George,” Little Drury Lane; and the “Black -Swan,” Brown’s Lane, Spitalfields.<a name="FNanchor_126" id="FNanchor_126"></a><a href="#Footnote_126" class="fnanchor">[126]</a></p> - -<p>It appears by the various advertisements from the -numerous owners of cockpits, that the cruel sport of -cock-fighting afforded high amusement this year to the -unfeeling part of London’s inhabitants. Of the number -of cockpits half a dozen will be quite enough to be recorded -on this page.</p> - -<p>1. The “Royal Cockpit,” in the Birdcage Walk, St. -James’s Park. This Royal Cockpit afforded Hogarth characters -for one of his worst of subjects, though best of plates.</p> - -<p>2. In Bainbridge Street, St. Giles’s.</p> - -<p>3. Near Gray’s Inn Lane.</p> - -<p>4. In Pickled-Egg Walk.</p> - -<p>5. At the New Vauxhall Gardens, in St. George’s -in the East.</p> - -<p>6. That at the “White Horse,” Old Gravel Lane, near -Hughes’s late riding-school, at the foot of Blackfriars -Bridge.<a name="FNanchor_127" id="FNanchor_127"></a><a href="#Footnote_127" class="fnanchor">[127]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p> - -<p>Disputes having frequently occurred as to the characters -in which Garrick last appeared, by persons not -sufficiently in possession of documents at hand to enable -them to decide their controversies, I am induced to conclude -that such disputants will be pleased to see a statement -of the nights of his acting, the titles of the plays in which -he performed, and the names of the characters which -he represented, as well as those of the principal actresses -who performed with him during the last year of his appearance -on the stage. The original play-bills of the -time, collected by the late Dr. Burney, now in the British -Museum, have enabled me to give this information in -the following chronological order:—</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span></p> - -<table summary="Garrick’s performances, summarised"> - <tr> - <td colspan="2" class="center">Nights of<br />Acting.</td> - <td>Title of Play.</td> - <td>Names of Characters.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Jan.</td> - <td class="right">18.</td> - <td>The Alchemist.</td> - <td>Abel Drugger, Mr. Garrick. (Doll Common, by Mrs. Hopkins.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">20.</td> - <td>The Discovery</td> - <td>Sir Anthony Branville. (Lady Flutter, by Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">22.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">24.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">26.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">29.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">30.</td> - <td>The Provoked Wife</td> - <td>Sir John Brute. (Lady Brute, by Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">31.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Feb.</td> - <td class="right">3.</td> - <td>Zara</td> - <td>Lusignan. (Zara, by Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">5.</td> - <td>The Provoked Wife</td> - <td>Sir John Brute. (Lady Brute, by Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">7.</td> - <td>The Discovery</td> - <td>Sir Anthony Branville. (Lady Flutter, by Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">9.</td> - <td>Every Man in his Humour.</td> - <td>Kitely. (Mrs. Kitely, Mrs. Greville.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">12.</td> - <td>Much Ado about Nothing.</td> - <td>Benedict. (Beatrice, by Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">14.</td> - <td>Rule a Wife and have a Wife.</td> - <td>Leon. (Estifania, by Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>March</td> - <td class="right">6.</td> - <td>Zara</td> - <td>Lusignan. (Zara, by Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">7.</td> - <td>Zara</td> - <td>Lusignan. (Zara, by Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>April</td> - <td class="right">11.</td> - <td>The Alchemist.</td> - <td>Abel Drugger. (Doll Common, by Mrs. Hopkins.)<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">16.</td> - <td>Much Ado about Nothing.</td> - <td>Benedict. (Beatrice, by Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">25.</td> - <td>Every Man in his Humour.</td> - <td>Kitely. (Mrs. Kitely, by Mrs. Greville.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">27.</td> - <td>Hamlet</td> - <td>Hamlet. (Ophelia, by Mrs. Smith.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">30.</td> - <td>The Provoked Wife.</td> - <td>Sir John Brute. (Lady Brute, Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>May</td> - <td class="right">2.</td> - <td>Rule a Wife and have a Wife.</td> - <td>Leon. (Estifania, Mrs. Abington)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">7.</td> - <td>The Stratagem.</td> - <td>Archer. (Mrs. Sullen, Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">9.</td> - <td>Much Ado about Nothing.</td> - <td>Benedict. (Beatrice, by Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">13.</td> - <td>King Lear</td> - <td>King Lear. (Cordelia, Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">16.</td> - <td>The Wonder</td> - <td>Don Felix. (Violante, by Mrs. Yates.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">21.</td> - <td>King Lear</td> - <td>King Lear. (Cordelia, by Miss Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">23.</td> - <td>The Suspicious Husband.</td> - <td>Ranger. (Mrs. Strickland, Mrs. Siddons; Clarinda, Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">27.</td> - <td>King Richard the Third.</td> - <td>King Richard. (Lady Anne (first time), Mrs. Siddons.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">30.</td> - <td>Hamlet</td> - <td>Hamlet. (Ophelia, by Mrs. Smith.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">31.</td> - <td>The Suspicious Husband.</td> - <td>Ranger. (Mrs. Strickland, Mrs. Siddons; Clarinda, Mrs. Abington.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>June</td> - <td class="right">1.</td> - <td>Ditto.</td> - <td>Ditto.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">3.</td> - <td>King Richard the Third.</td> - <td>King Richard. (Lady Anne, by Mrs. Siddons.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">5.</td> - <td>King Richard the Third.</td> - <td>King Richard. (Lady Anne, by Mrs. Siddons.) By command of their Majesties.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">8.</td> - <td>King Lear</td> - <td>King Lear. (Cordelia, Mrs. Younge.)</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">10.</td> - <td>The Wonder</td> - <td>Don Felix. (Violante, by Mrs. Yates.)<a name="FNanchor_128" id="FNanchor_128"></a><a href="#Footnote_128" class="fnanchor">[128]</a></td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span></p> - -<p>Notwithstanding it has been said that Mr. Garrick -spoke slightingly of Mrs. Siddons’s talents, the above list -incontrovertibly proves that he considered her powers -sufficiently great to appear in principal characters with -him no fewer than <em>six</em> nights of the last <em>nine</em> in which he -performed.</p> - -<p>I shall now subjoin a similar list of Mrs. Siddons’s -nights of performance at Drury Lane Theatre, during the -last year of Mr. Garrick’s acting.<a name="FNanchor_129" id="FNanchor_129"></a><a href="#Footnote_129" class="fnanchor">[129]</a></p> - -<table summary="Mrs. Siddons’s performances, summarised"> - <tr> - <td>Jan.</td> - <td class="right">13, 15, 17.</td> - <td>Epicœne, or The Silent Woman (as a Collegiate Lady).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>Feb.</td> - <td class="right">1, 2, 3.</td> - <td>The Blackamoor Washed White.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td colspan="2" class="center">Between Feb. 15<br />and April 18<br />(22 nights).</td> - <td>The Runaway (as Miss Morley).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>May</td> - <td class="right">23.</td> - <td>The Suspicious Husband (as Mrs. Strickland).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">24.</td> - <td>The Runaway (as Miss Morley).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">27.</td> - <td>King Richard the Third (as Lady Anne).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">31.</td> - <td>The Suspicious Husband (as Mrs. Strickland).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>June</td> - <td class="right">1.</td> - <td></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">3.</td> - <td>King Richard the Third (as Lady Anne).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td></td> - <td class="right">5.</td> - <td>Ditto. Ditto. By command of their Majesties.</td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p>Of six plays of which there were no bills in the Burney -collection, I was enabled to add instances of the performance<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span> -of Mrs. Siddons on those nights from a portion of that -truly rare and valuable library purchased by Government -of the late Dr. Burney’s son for the British Museum.</p> - -<p>Ladies this year wore goloshes, four distinct falls of -lace from the hat to the shoulders, and rolled curls on -either side of the neck: they continued to carry fans.<a name="FNanchor_130" id="FNanchor_130"></a><a href="#Footnote_130" class="fnanchor">[130]</a></p> - -<h3>1777.</h3> - -<p>I remember well that in an autumn evening of this -year, during the time my father lived in Norton Street,<a name="FNanchor_131" id="FNanchor_131"></a><a href="#Footnote_131" class="fnanchor">[131]</a> -going with him and his pupils on a sketching party to what -is now called Pancras Old Church; and that Whitefield’s -Chapel in Tottenham Court Road, Montague House, -Bedford House, and Baltimore House,<a name="FNanchor_132" id="FNanchor_132"></a><a href="#Footnote_132" class="fnanchor">[132]</a> were then uninterruptedly<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span> -seen from the churchyard, which was at that -time so rural that it was only enclosed by a low and very -old hand-railing, in some parts entirely covered with docks -and nettles. I recollect also that the houses on the north -side of Ormond Street commanded views of Islington, -Highgate, and Hampstead, including in the middle distance -Copenhagen-house, Mother Red-cap’s, the Adam and -Eve, the Farthing Pie House, the Queen’s Head and Artichoke, -and the Jew’s Harp House.<a name="FNanchor_133" id="FNanchor_133"></a><a href="#Footnote_133" class="fnanchor">[133]</a></p> - -<p>Early in this year Spiridione Roma,<a name="FNanchor_134" id="FNanchor_134"></a><a href="#Footnote_134" class="fnanchor">[134]</a> who had cleaned -the pictures of the Judges then hanging in Guildhall, -published a prospectus for Bartolozzi’s print from the -portrait of Mary Queen of Scots in Drapers’ Hall, said -to have been painted by Zucchero.<a name="FNanchor_135" id="FNanchor_135"></a><a href="#Footnote_135" class="fnanchor">[135]</a></p> - -<h3>1778.</h3> - -<p>At this period I began to think there was something -in a prognostication announced to my dear mother by -an old <em>star-gazer</em> and <em>tea-grouter</em>,<a name="FNanchor_136" id="FNanchor_136"></a><a href="#Footnote_136" class="fnanchor">[136]</a> that, through life, I -should be favoured by persons of high rank; for, in this<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span> -year, Charles Townley, Esq. (the collector of the valuable -marbles which now bear his name in the British Museum), -first noticed me when drawing in Mr. Nollekens’ studio, -and pouched me half a guinea to purchase paper and -chalk.<a name="FNanchor_137" id="FNanchor_137"></a><a href="#Footnote_137" class="fnanchor">[137]</a> This kindness was followed up by Dr. Samuel -Johnson, who was then sitting for his bust. The Doctor, -after looking at my drawing, then at the bust I was copying, -put his hand heavily upon my head, pronouncing “Very -well, very well.” Here I frequently saw him, and recollect -his figure and dress with tolerable correctness. He was -tall, and must have been, when young, a powerful man: -he stooped, with his head inclined to the right shoulder: -heavy brows, sleepy eyes, nose very narrow between the -eye-brows, but broad at the bottom; lips enormously -thick; chin, wide and double. He wore a stock and -wristbands; his wig was what is called a “<em>Busby</em>,” but -often wanted powder. His hat, a three-cornered one; -coats, one a dark mulberry, the other brown, inclining to -the colour of Scotch snuff, large brass or gilt buttons; -black waistcoat and small-clothes—sometimes the latter -were corduroy; black stockings, large easy shoes, with -buckles; his gait was wide and awkwardly sprawling; -latterly he used a <em>hooked</em> walking-stick, in consequence of -his having saved the life of a young man as he was -crossing from Queenhithe to Bankside.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span></p> - -<p>One of the Doctor’s sticks of this shape brought me -into a scrape. It was given to me by the late William -Tunnard, Esq., of Bankside;<a name="FNanchor_138" id="FNanchor_138"></a><a href="#Footnote_138" class="fnanchor">[138]</a> he received it from his -friend Mr. Perkins;<a name="FNanchor_139" id="FNanchor_139"></a><a href="#Footnote_139" class="fnanchor">[139]</a> it was one of many that the Doctor -kept at Thrale’s. This stick I promised to my worthy -and liberal friend the Rev. James Beresford, of Kibworth, -Market Harborough;<a name="FNanchor_140" id="FNanchor_140"></a><a href="#Footnote_140" class="fnanchor">[140]</a> but, alas! when I went to “stick-corner” -somebody had walked it off. However, if this -page should meet the eye of its present possessor, I hope, -even should the “Bannister” I now rest upon be deemed -useless by Time’s sandy-glass, his conscience may order -the Johnsonian relic to be delivered to the above-named -gentleman, whose property I declare it unquestionably -to be. My present strong stick, named “<em>Bannister</em>,” was -given to me when afflicted with the gout, by a fellow-sufferer, -universally known under the friendly appellation -of “<em>Honest Jack</em>.”</p> - -<p>I once saw him follow a sturdy thief, who had stolen -his handkerchief in Grosvenor Square, seize him by the -collar with both hands, and shake him violently, after which -he quickly let him loose; and then, with his open hand, -gave him so powerful a smack on the face, that sent him -off the pavement staggering.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 470px;" id="illus13"> - -<img src="images/illus13.jpg" width="470" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">DR. SAMUEL JOHNSON</p> - -<p class="caption">“Pockets which might have almost held the two volumes of his folio dictionary.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span></p> - -<p>Ladies appeared for the first time in riding-habits of -men’s cloth, only descending to the feet; they also walked -with whips like short canes, with a thong at the end. The -elderly ladies continued to wear goloshes. Fans were in -general use.</p> - -<p>For the honour of female genius, be it here recorded, -that, in the <cite>Ladies’ Pocket-book</cite>, published this year, an -engraved group of nine whole-length female figures was -published, viz. Miss Carter, Mrs. Barbauld, Angelica -Kauffman, Mrs. Sheridan, Mrs. Lenox, Mrs. Montague, -Miss More, Mrs. Macaulay, and Mrs. Griffith, each lady -in the character of a Muse. Four Pocket-books appeared -this year, entitled <cite>Ladies’ Pocket-book</cite>, <cite>Ladies’ own Memorandum -Book</cite>, <cite>Ladies’ Annual Journal</cite>, and <cite>Ladies’ Complete -Pocket-book</cite>.<a name="FNanchor_141" id="FNanchor_141"></a><a href="#Footnote_141" class="fnanchor">[141]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1779.</h3> - -<p>On Monday, February 1st, Taylor, the facetious pupil -of Frank Hayman, and the old friend of Jonathan Tyers, -lifted Nollekens’ studio door-latch, put in his head, and -announced, “For the information of some of the sons of -Phidias, I beg to observe, that David Garrick is now on -his way to pay his respects to Poet’s Corner. I left him -just as he was quitting the boards of the Adelphi.”<a name="FNanchor_142" id="FNanchor_142"></a><a href="#Footnote_142" class="fnanchor">[142]</a> I -am now employing the exact words he made use of, though -certainly the levity was misapplied on so solemn an -occasion.</p> - -<p>I begged of my father, who then carved for Mr. Nollekens, -to allow me to go to Charing Cross to see the funeral pass, -which he did with some reluctance. I was there in a few -minutes, followed him to the Abbey, heard the service, -and saw him buried.<a name="FNanchor_143" id="FNanchor_143"></a><a href="#Footnote_143" class="fnanchor">[143]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span></p> - -<p>Mr. Garrick died on the 20th of January, in the back -room of the first floor, in his house in the Adelphi. The -ceiling of the drawing-room was painted by Zucchi: the -subject, Venus attired by the Graces. The chimneypiece -in this room is said to have cost £800.<a name="FNanchor_144" id="FNanchor_144"></a><a href="#Footnote_144" class="fnanchor">[144]</a></p> - -<p>On a night when Mr. Garrick was acting the part of -Lear, one of the soldiers who stood on the stage blubbered -like a child. Mr. Garrick, who was as fond of a compliment -as most men, when the play was over, sent for the man -to his room, and gave him half a crown. It was the -custom formerly for two soldiers to stand on the stage -during the time of performance, one at either end of the -proscenium.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span></p> - -<p>This year the Grotto Garden, Rosamond Row, near -the London Spa, was kept by Jackson, a man famous for -grottoes and fireworks. He had made great additions -to it, viz. a new Mounted Fountain, etc. The admittance -was sixpence.<a name="FNanchor_145" id="FNanchor_145"></a><a href="#Footnote_145" class="fnanchor">[145]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus14"> - -<img src="images/illus14.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">“PERDITA” ROBINSON</p> - -<p class="caption">“She imprinted a kiss on my cheek, and said, ‘There, you little rogue.’”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>J. T. Smith</cite></p> - -</div> - -<h3>1781.</h3> - -<p>Although I could model and carve a little, I longed -to be an engraver, and wished much to be placed under -Bartolozzi, who then lived in Bentinck Street, Berwick -Street.<a name="FNanchor_146" id="FNanchor_146"></a><a href="#Footnote_146" class="fnanchor">[146]</a> My father took me to him, with a letter of introduction -from Mr. Wilton, the sculptor. Mr. Bartolozzi, -after looking at my imitations of several of Rembrandt -and Ostade’s etchings, declared that he should have been -glad some years previous to take such a youth, but that, -in consequence of ill-treatment from some of his pupils, -he had made up his mind to take no more. The Bishop -of Peterborough (Dr. Hinchliffe),<a name="FNanchor_147" id="FNanchor_147"></a><a href="#Footnote_147" class="fnanchor">[147]</a> one of my father’s<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span> -patrons, then prevailed on Sherwin to let me in at half-price; -and under his roof I remained for nearly three -years. Here I saw all the beautiful women of the day; -and, being considered a lively lad, I was noticed by several -of them. Here I received a kiss from the beautiful Mrs. -Robinson.</p> - -<p>This impression was made upon me nearly as I can -recollect in the following way:—It fell to my turn that -morning, as a pupil, to attend the visitors, and Mrs. Robinson -came into the room singing. She asked to see a drawing -which Mr. Sherwin had made of her, which he had placed -in an upper room. When I assured her that Mr. Sherwin -was not at home, “Do try to find the drawing of me, and -I will reward you, my little fellow,” said she. I, who had -seen Rosetta, in <cite>Love in a Village</cite>, the preceding evening, -hummed to myself, as I went upstairs, “With a kiss, a -kiss, and I’ll reward you with a kiss.”</p> - -<p>I had no sooner entered the room with the drawing -in my hand, than she imprinted a kiss on my cheek, and -said, “There, you little rogue.” I remember that Mrs. -Darby, her mother, accompanied her, and had brought a -miniature, painted by Cosway, set in diamonds, presented -by a high personage, of whom Mrs. Robinson spoke with -the highest respect to the hour of her dissolution.<a name="FNanchor_148" id="FNanchor_148"></a><a href="#Footnote_148" class="fnanchor">[148]</a> The<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span> -colour of her carriage was a light blue, and upon the centre -of each panel a basket of flowers was so artfully painted, -that as she drove along it was mistaken for a coronet.<a name="FNanchor_149" id="FNanchor_149"></a><a href="#Footnote_149" class="fnanchor">[149]</a></p> - -<h3>1782.</h3> - -<p>Early in the month of December, this year, Sherwin -painted, engraved, and published a glorious portrait of -Mrs. Siddons, in the character of the Grecian Daughter. -That lady sat in the front room of his house, St. James’s -Street. I obeyed Mr. Sherwin’s orders in raising and -lowering the centre window-curtains, the shutters of the -extreme ones being closed for the adjustment of that fine -light and shade upon her face which he has so beautifully -displayed in the print. This print, in consequence of a -purse having been presented to Mrs. Siddons by her -admirers in the profession of the Law, was dedicated to -“The Gentlemen of the Bar.”<a name="FNanchor_150" id="FNanchor_150"></a><a href="#Footnote_150" class="fnanchor">[150]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 550px;" id="illus15"> - -<img src="images/illus15.jpg" width="550" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">MRS. SIDDONS</p> - -<p class="caption">“A glorious portrait.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span></p> - -<p>By the liberality of my amiable friend, William -Henderson, Esq.,<a name="FNanchor_151" id="FNanchor_151"></a><a href="#Footnote_151" class="fnanchor">[151]</a> I am in possession of a cast taken -by Lochee, the modeller, from the face of this wonderful -actress, which I intend leaving to that invaluable -gallery of theatrical portraits, so extensively formed by -that favourite offspring of Nature, Charles Mathews,<a name="FNanchor_152" id="FNanchor_152"></a><a href="#Footnote_152" class="fnanchor">[152]</a> -Esq., at Kentish Town; but should that collection ever -be dispersed, which I most heartily trust it never will -be, then I desire that it may go to the Green-room of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span> -Drury Lane Theatre. To this bequest I subscribe my -name,</p> - -<p>Witnesses to this my declaration,</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li>John Thomas Smith.</li> -<li>John Bannister.</li> -<li>— Harley.<a name="FNanchor_153" id="FNanchor_153"></a><a href="#Footnote_153" class="fnanchor">[153]</a></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<h3>1783.</h3> - -<p>One of the numerous subjects which I drew this year -for Mr. Crowle,<a name="FNanchor_154" id="FNanchor_154"></a><a href="#Footnote_154" class="fnanchor">[154]</a> was the old brick gateway entrance to -St. Giles’s churchyard, then standing opposite to Mr. -Remnent’s timber-yard, in which drawing I introduced -the figure of old Simon, a very remarkable beggar, who, -together with his dog, generally took their station against -one of the gate-piers. This man, who wore several hats, -at the same time suffered his beard to grow, which was -of a dirty yellow-white. Upon his fingers were numerous -brass rings. He had several waistcoats, and as many coats, -increasing in size, so that he was enabled by the extent of -the uppermost garment to cover the greater part of the -bundles, containing rags of various colours; and distinct -parcels with which he was girded about, consisting of -books, canisters containing bread, cheese, and other articles -of food; matches, a tinder-box, and meat for his dog;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span> -cuttings of curious events from old newspapers; scraps -from Fox’s <cite>Book of Martyrs</cite>, and three or four dog’s-eared -and greasy thumbed numbers of the <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>.</p> - -<p>From these and such like productions he gained a -great part of the information with which he sometimes -entertained those persons who stopped to look at -him.</p> - -<p>When I knew him,—for he was one of my pensioners,—he -and his dog lodged under a staircase in an old shattered -building called “Rats’ Castle,” in Dyot Street, mentioned -in <cite>Nollekens and his Times</cite> as that artist’s rendezvous -to discover models for his Venuses. Dyot Street has -disappeared, and George Street is built on its site.<a name="FNanchor_155" id="FNanchor_155"></a><a href="#Footnote_155" class="fnanchor">[155]</a> His -walks extended to the entrances only of the adjacent -streets, whither he either went to make a purchase at the -baker’s or the cook’s shops. Rowlandson drew and -etched him several times; in one instance Simon had a -female placed before him, which the artist called “Simon -and Iphigenia.” There is a large whole-length print of him, -published by John Seago, with the following inscription:—</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Simon Edy</span>, born at Woodford, near Thrapston, Northamptonshire, -in 1709: died May 18, 1783.<a name="FNanchor_156" id="FNanchor_156"></a><a href="#Footnote_156" class="fnanchor">[156]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span></p> - -<p>Respecting his last dog, for he had possessed several, -which wicked boys had beguiled from him, or the skinners -of those animals had snatched up, the following anecdote -is interesting:—A Smithfield drover, whose dog’s left eye -had been much injured by a bullock, solicited Simon to take -him under his care till he got well. The mendicant cheerfully -consented, and forthwith, with a piece of string, -confined him to his arm; and when, by being more quiet, -he had regained his health sufficiently to resume his services -to his master, old Simon, with the most affectionate reluctance, -gave him up, and was obliged to content himself with -the pleasure of patting his sides on a market-day, when he -followed his master’s drove to the slaughter-house in Union -Street. These tender and stolen caresses from the hand -which had bathed his wound, Rover would regularly stop to -receive at St. Giles’s porch, and then hastily run to get up -with the bullocks. Poor Simon, after missing the dog as -well as his master for some weeks, was one morning most -agreeably surprised to see the faithful animal crouch -behind his feet, and with an uplifted and sorrowful eye, -for he had entirely lost the blemished one, implore his protection -by licking his beard, as a successor to his departed -and lamented keeper. Rover followed Simon, according -to Dr. Gardner’s idea, to “his last and best bedroom”;<a name="FNanchor_157" id="FNanchor_157"></a><a href="#Footnote_157" class="fnanchor">[157]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span> -or, according to Funeral Weever,<a name="FNanchor_158" id="FNanchor_158"></a><a href="#Footnote_158" class="fnanchor">[158]</a> his “bed of ease.” -Shortly before Simon’s death, I related to Mrs. Nollekens -several instances of Rover’s attachment. “I think, Sir,” -observed that lady, “you once told me that he had been a -shepherd’s dog from Harrow-on-the-Hill. I don’t like a -shepherd’s dog: it has no tail,<a name="FNanchor_159" id="FNanchor_159"></a><a href="#Footnote_159" class="fnanchor">[159]</a> and its coat is as rough as the -bristles of a cocoanut. No, Sir, my little French dog is my -pet.” However, fortunately for poor Simon, the Hon. Daines -Barrington<a name="FNanchor_160" id="FNanchor_160"></a><a href="#Footnote_160" class="fnanchor">[160]</a> was present when Dr. Johnson’s Pekuah<a name="FNanchor_161" id="FNanchor_161"></a><a href="#Footnote_161" class="fnanchor">[161]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span> -made this silly remark, for he never after passed the kind-hearted -mendicant without giving him sixpence. There -was an elegy printed for poor Simon, with a woodcut -portrait of him.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 490px;" id="illus16"> - -<img src="images/illus16.jpg" width="490" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">BENJAMIN WEST, P.R.A.</p> - -<p class="caption">“Sir, I was once a Quaker, and have never left their principles.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>Ugly and deficient in sight and tail as Rover certainly -was, it is also as equally unquestionable that Simon never -had occasion to carry him to Fox Court, St. James’s Street, -for the recovery of his health, under the direction of Dr. -Norman,<a name="FNanchor_162" id="FNanchor_162"></a><a href="#Footnote_162" class="fnanchor">[162]</a> the canine physician, so strenuously recommended -upon all occasions by George Keate, the poet,<a name="FNanchor_163" id="FNanchor_163"></a><a href="#Footnote_163" class="fnanchor">[163]</a> and far-famed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span> -connoisseur. No, poor Rover was kept in health -by being allowed to range the streets from six till nine, -the hours in which the nightly stealers of the canine race, -and the dexterous of all dentists, were on their way to -Austin’s, at Islington,<a name="FNanchor_164" id="FNanchor_164"></a><a href="#Footnote_164" class="fnanchor">[164]</a> to dispose of their cruel depredations -upon many a true friend to the indigent blind, “to whom -the blackbird sings as sweetly as to the fairest lady in the -land.”</p> - -<h3>1784.</h3> - -<p>Mr. West, to whom I had sat for the head of St. John -in his picture of the Last Supper, for the altar of St. George’s -Chapel, Windsor,<a name="FNanchor_165" id="FNanchor_165"></a><a href="#Footnote_165" class="fnanchor">[165]</a> frequently engaged me to bid for him at<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span> -auctions, an honour also occasionally conferred on me for -similar services by Sir Joshua Reynolds. It was during -one of these commissions in this year, that the late Richard -Wyatt, Esq., of Milton Place, Egham, Surrey, noticed me; -he was then starting as a collector of pictures, prints, and -drawings.<a name="FNanchor_166" id="FNanchor_166"></a><a href="#Footnote_166" class="fnanchor">[166]</a> That gentleman kindly invited me to his house, -and not only introduced me to his amiable family, but to his -most intimate neighbours. He allowed me the use of a -horse, to enable me more readily to visit the beauties of -Windsor Park and Forest, the scenery of which so attracted -and delighted me, that during one month’s stay I made -nearly one hundred studies. The two Sandbys were -visitors to my patron; and to Thomas, then Deputy -Ranger of Windsor Great Park, a situation given to him -by his Royal Highness William, Duke of Cumberland -(Thomas Sandby had been engineer draughtsman to his -Royal Highness at the battle of Culloden), I am indebted -for my knowledge of lineal perspective. The Misses Wyatt -were delightful persons, and much noticed at the Egham -Balls, for one or two of which occasions I had the pleasure -of painting butterflies on a muslin dress, and also imitating -the “Sir Walter Raleigh,” the “Pride of Culloden,” and -other curious and rare carnations, on tiffany, for their -bouquets, which were then scented and much worn.</p> - -<p>I was here introduced to Viscount Maynard, to whom -Mr. Wyatt had been guardian. His Lordship married -the celebrated Nancy Parsons,<a name="FNanchor_167" id="FNanchor_167"></a><a href="#Footnote_167" class="fnanchor">[167]</a> and was a most spirited<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span> -draughtsman of a horse. Among other gentlemen, I -was also introduced to the late Sir Richard Colt Hoare, -Bart.,<a name="FNanchor_168" id="FNanchor_168"></a><a href="#Footnote_168" class="fnanchor">[168]</a> and the late Rev. George Huddesford,<a name="FNanchor_169" id="FNanchor_169"></a><a href="#Footnote_169" class="fnanchor">[169]</a> of Oxford, -Kett’s satirist, and the witty author of poems entitled -<cite>Salmagundi</cite>, dedicated to Mr. Wyatt. Several of these -I have often heard him most humorously sing, particularly -those of “the renowned History and rare -Achievements of John Wilkes.” The chorus ran -thus:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“John Wilkes he was for Middlesex,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">They chose him knight of the shire;</div> -<div class="verse">And he made a fool of Alderman Bull,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">And call’d Parson Horne a liar.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span></p> - -<p>“The Barber’s Nuptials,” which may be seen in the <cite>Elegant -Extracts</cite>, and almost every other collection of fugitive -poetry, was also written by him.<a name="FNanchor_170" id="FNanchor_170"></a><a href="#Footnote_170" class="fnanchor">[170]</a></p> - -<p>Mr. Huddesford had studied under Sir Joshua Reynolds, -and had copied many of the President’s pictures with -tolerable ability, with an intention of pursuing the arts, -but his master-talent was more conspicuously displayed -in compositions of fruit, in which his representations of ripe -and melting peaches, and the rich transparent grape, were -inimitable. The late Sir George Beaumont, Bart., with -whom Mr. Huddesford had been extremely intimate, was -in possession of a remarkably fine specimen by him, which -the worthy baronet frequently allowed to be copied.</p> - -<p>Huddesford, after the death of Warton, chalked on the -walls of the College—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“The glorious sun of Trinity is set,</div> -<div class="verse">And nothing left but farthing-candle Kett.”<a name="FNanchor_171" id="FNanchor_171"></a><a href="#Footnote_171" class="fnanchor">[171]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>He published <cite>The Elements of General Knowledge</cite>, which were -called, at Oxford “The Elements of General Ignorance”; -and his last work, <cite>Emily</cite>, procured him the name of Emily<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</a></span> -Kett. His supposed resemblance to a horse was the -occasion of much academical waggery:—his letter-box -was often filled with oats; and when he wished to have his -portrait taken, he was sent to the famous Stubbs,<a name="FNanchor_172" id="FNanchor_172"></a><a href="#Footnote_172" class="fnanchor">[172]</a> the horse -painter, who, on receiving him, and expecting to hear -whether his commission was to be for a filly or a colt, was -much surprised to find Kett pompously announce that he -expected the likeness to be in full canonicals.</p> - -<p>Samuel Woodforde (afterwards a Royal Academician)<a name="FNanchor_173" id="FNanchor_173"></a><a href="#Footnote_173" class="fnanchor">[173]</a> -was employed by Mr. Wyatt, in consequence of an introduction -by Sir Richard Colt Hoare, Bart., to paint trees and landscapes -on the panels of his drawing-room, mostly from scenes -in Windsor Park and Forest. Mr. Wyatt was one of Opie’s -early friends. He painted for that gentleman several of -the Burrell and Hoare family; indeed, he was instrumental -in bringing that artist out of his humble and modest lodging -in Orange Court, Leicester Fields,<a name="FNanchor_174" id="FNanchor_174"></a><a href="#Footnote_174" class="fnanchor">[174]</a> to his house in Queen -Street, next door to that for many years occupied by that -comic and most exemplary child of Nature, the late Miss -Pope,<a name="FNanchor_175" id="FNanchor_175"></a><a href="#Footnote_175" class="fnanchor">[175]</a> whose inimitable acting as Miss Allscrip, in <cite>The<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</a></span> -Heiress</cite>, not only delighted the public, but was -deservedly complimented by its author, General Burgoyne, -who at one time lived in Hertford Street, May -Fair, in the house that had been inhabited by Lord -Sandwich, and subsequently by R. B. Sheridan and Mr. -Dent.<a name="FNanchor_176" id="FNanchor_176"></a><a href="#Footnote_176" class="fnanchor">[176]</a></p> - -<p>This year, Mr. Flaxman, who then lived in Wardour -Street, introduced me to one of his early patrons, the Rev. -Henry Mathew, of Percy Chapel, Charlotte Street, which -was built for him;<a name="FNanchor_177" id="FNanchor_177"></a><a href="#Footnote_177" class="fnanchor">[177]</a> he was also afternoon preacher at -St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. At that gentleman’s house, in -Rathbone Place, I became acquainted with Mrs. Mathew -and her son, the late John Hunter’s favourite pupil. -With that gentleman, in his youthful days, I had many an -innocent frolic. I was obliged to him in several instances, -and can safely say no one could excel him as an amiable -friend, a dutiful son, or excellent husband. At Mrs. -Mathew’s most agreeable conversaziones I first met the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[97]</a></span> -late William Blake,<a name="FNanchor_178" id="FNanchor_178"></a><a href="#Footnote_178" class="fnanchor">[178]</a> the artist, to whom she and Mr. -Flaxman had been truly kind. There I have often heard -him read and sing several of his poems. He was listened -to by the company with profound silence, and allowed -by most of the visitors to possess original and extraordinary -merit. A time will come when the numerous, though now -very rare, works of Blake (in consequence of his taking -very few impressions from the plates before they were -rubbed out to enable him to use them for other subjects) -will be sought after with the most intense avidity.<a name="FNanchor_179" id="FNanchor_179"></a><a href="#Footnote_179" class="fnanchor">[179]</a> He -was considered by Stothard and Flaxman (and will be by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</a></span> -those of congenial minds, if we can reasonably expect such -again) with the highest admiration. These artists allowed -him their most unqualified praise, and were ever anxious -to recommend him and his productions to the patrons -of the Arts; but alas! they were not so sufficiently -appreciated as to enable Blake, as every one could wish, -to provide an independence for his surviving partner Kate, -who adored his memory. The late Sir Thomas Lawrence -has been heard to declare that England would be for ever -immortalized by the productions of Sir Joshua Reynolds, -Flaxman, and Stothard.</p> - -<p>Mrs. Mathew was not only a great encourager of musical -composers, particularly the Italians, but truly kind to -young artists. She patronized Oram, Loutherbourg’s -assistant: he was the son of <em>Old</em> Oram, of the Board of -Works, an artist whose topographical pictures possess -considerable merit, and whose name is usually introduced -in picture catalogues under the appellation of “<em>Old</em> Oram.”<a name="FNanchor_180" id="FNanchor_180"></a><a href="#Footnote_180" class="fnanchor">[180]</a></p> - -<p>Mr. Flaxman, in return for the favours he had received -from the Mathew family, decorated the back parlour of their -house, which was their library, with models (I think they -were in putty and sand) of figures in niches, in the Gothic -manner; and Oram painted the window in imitation of -stained glass; the bookcases, tables, and chairs were also -ornamented to accord with the appearance of those of -antiquity.</p> - -<p>Rathbone Place, at this time, entirely consisted of -private houses, and its inhabitants were all of high respectability.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[99]</a></span> -I have heard Mrs. Mathew say that the three rebel -lords, Lovat, Kilmarnock, and Balmerino, had at different -times resided in it; and that she had also been informed -that the floor of her parlours, which is now some steps -above the street, was even with the floor of the recess under -the front pediment of St. Paul’s Cathedral.</p> - -<h3>1785.</h3> - -<p>Many a summer’s evening, when I have been enjoying -Runnymede, and its far surrounding variegated meadows, -from the wooden seat of Cooper’s Hill (upon which were -engraven numerous initials of lovers, and the dates of their -eternal vows), little did I think that in my future days it would -be in my power to state that I had made drawings of most -of the parish churches as well as family mansions which -were then in view, for the topographical collections of the -Duke of Roxborough, Lord Leicester, the Hon. Horace -Walpole, Mr. Bull, Mr. Storer, Dr. Lort, Mr. Haughton -James, Mr. Crowle, and Sir James Winter Lake, Bart.<a name="FNanchor_181" id="FNanchor_181"></a><a href="#Footnote_181" class="fnanchor">[181]</a> -Several of these, which have since been distributed, I now<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[100]</a></span> -and then meet with in the portfolios of more modern -illustrators, and they bring to my recollection some truly -pleasing periods. It was in the old house at Ankerwycke -that I was introduced by Lady Lake to Lady Shouldham. -It was at Old Windsor that I dined with Mrs. Vassal, and -at Staines Bridge with the beautiful Miss Towry, since Lady -Ellenborough. It was at Chertsey I was first introduced -to Mr. Douglas, Colonel St. Paul, and those truly kind-hearted -characters, Mr. Fox and Mrs. Chamberlain Clark. -At Staines I was benefited by the skill of Dr. Pope;—at -Harrow made known to Dr. Drury;—at Southgate to Alderman -Curtis;—at Trent Park to Mr. Wigston;—at Forty -Hill, Enfield, to the antiquary Gough;—at Bull’s Cross to -the facetious Captain Horsley, brother to the Bishop of -Rochester, and the Boddams;—at the “Firs,” Edmonton, -to my ever-to-be-revered friend the late Sir James Winter -Lake, Bart.;—at Weir Hall to the benevolent and highly -esteemed Mr. Robert Jones, Mr. Webster and his friendly -son;—at Bruce Castle to Mr. Townsend;—at Tottenham -to Mr. John Snell, and to Mr. Samuel Salt. This gentleman -informed me that he was one of the four who buried Sterne.<a name="FNanchor_182" id="FNanchor_182"></a><a href="#Footnote_182" class="fnanchor">[182]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[101]</a></span> -Of the friendly inhabitants of these houses, and many others -to whom I had the pleasure of being known, within the -extensive view from Cooper’s Hill, very few are now -living.</p> - -<p>During the Races on Runnymede, I have often seen -their late Majesties George the Third and Queen Charlotte -driving about in an open four-wheeled chaise, enjoying the -pleasures of the course on equal terms with the visitors. -I remember to have been spoken to three times by his -Majesty; once on a very foggy morning at a stile near -Clewer, when I stepped back to give a gentleman, who had -nearly approached it in the adjoining field, the preference<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[102]</a></span> -of coming over first; but upon his saying, “Come over, -come over,” I knew the voice to be the King’s, consequently -I took off my hat, and obeyed. His Majesty observed in -his quick manner, when getting over, “A thick fog, thick -fog.” Another time, when I was drawing an old oak in -Windsor Park, the King and Queen drove very near me in -their chaise, and one of his Majesty’s horses shied at my -paper; upon which the King called out to me, “Shut your -book, sir, shut your book!”</p> - -<p>The last time I was noticed by the King, I must say his -Majesty appeared to be a little startled, as well he might. -It was under the following circumstances. Wishing to make -a drawing of one of the original stalls in St. George’s Chapel, -Windsor, before they were finally taken down, a shilling -prevailed upon one of the workmen to lock me in during -his dinner-hour. However, it so happened that his Majesty, -who frequently let himself into the Chapel at that time to -look at the progress of the works, did not perceive me, as -I stood in a corner, but on his return from the altar, he -asked, “Who are you, sir? Oh! you startled my horse -in the park the other day. What are you about?” I then -held up my drawing; and his Majesty, who must have -noticed my embarrassment, did me the honour to say, -“Very correct; I believe you are at Mr. Wyatt’s,—a very -good man;—I have a high regard for him and all his -family.”</p> - -<p>During the time I was studying the scenery of Windsor -Park, Mr. Thomas Sandby, who was busily engaged in -placing the numerous stones to form the representation -of rocks and caverns at the head of the Virginia Water, -in Windsor Park, frequently dug for stones in Bagshot -Heath. Fortunately he discovered one of an immense -size, which he thought would afford him a massive breadth<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[103]</a></span> -in his composition, but it was so large he was under the -necessity of breaking it with gunpowder; however, fortune -favoured his design by blowing it into two nearly -equal parts, so that he was enabled to join them on their -destined spot to great advantage as to general effect. -This was Mr. Thomas Sandby’s second attempt at the -water-head;<a name="FNanchor_183" id="FNanchor_183"></a><a href="#Footnote_183" class="fnanchor">[183]</a> he had in the first instance failed by using -only sand and clay, for which failure that worthy man -was not only nicknamed “Tommy Sandbank,” but -roughly scourged by the throng of Huddesford, who -composed a song upon the occasion, from which I have -selected the following verses:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse center">1.</div> -<div class="verse">When Tom was employ’d to construct the Pond Head,</div> -<div class="verse">As he ponder’d the task, to himself thus he said:</div> -<div class="verse">“Since a head I must make, what’s a head but a noddle?</div> -<div class="verse">So I think I had best take my own for a model.”</div> -<div class="verse indent16">Derry down, etc.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse center">2.</div> -<div class="verse">Then his work our projector began out of hand,</div> -<div class="verse">The outside he constructed with rubbish and sand;</div> -<div class="verse">But brains on this head had been quite thrown away,</div> -<div class="verse">Those he kept for himself, so he lined it with clay.</div><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[104]</a></span> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse center">5.</div> -<div class="verse">But the water at length, to his utter dismay,</div> -<div class="verse">A bankruptcy made, and his head ran away;—</div> -<div class="verse">’Twas a thick head for certain; but, had it been thicker,</div> -<div class="verse">No head can endure that is always in liquor.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse center">12.</div> -<div class="verse">Hence, by way of a Moral, the fallacy’s shown</div> -<div class="verse">Of the maxim that two heads are better than one;—</div> -<div class="verse">For none e’er was so scurvily dealt with before,</div> -<div class="verse">By the head that he made and the head that he wore.</div> -<div class="verse indent16">Derry down, etc.</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 390px;" id="illus17"> - -<img src="images/illus17.jpg" width="390" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">FRANCIS GROSE</p> - -<p class="caption">“A chiel’s amang ye takin’ notes.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>For many years the back parlour of the “Feathers”<a name="FNanchor_184" id="FNanchor_184"></a><a href="#Footnote_184" class="fnanchor">[184]</a> -public-house (a sign complimentary to its neighbour, -Frederick, Prince of Wales, who inhabited Leicester -House), which stood on the side of Leicester Fields, had -been frequented by artists, and several well-known -amateurs. Among the former were Stuart,<a name="FNanchor_185" id="FNanchor_185"></a><a href="#Footnote_185" class="fnanchor">[185]</a> the Athenian -traveller; Scott,<a name="FNanchor_186" id="FNanchor_186"></a><a href="#Footnote_186" class="fnanchor">[186]</a> the marine painter; old Oram, of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[105]</a></span> -Board of Works;<a name="FNanchor_187" id="FNanchor_187"></a><a href="#Footnote_187" class="fnanchor">[187]</a> Luke Sullivan,<a name="FNanchor_188" id="FNanchor_188"></a><a href="#Footnote_188" class="fnanchor">[188]</a> the miniature painter, -who engraved that inimitable print from Hogarth’s picture -of the “March to Finchley,” now in the Foundling Hospital; -Captain Grose,<a name="FNanchor_189" id="FNanchor_189"></a><a href="#Footnote_189" class="fnanchor">[189]</a> the author of <cite>Antiquities of England</cite>, -<cite>History of Armour</cite>,<a name="FNanchor_190" id="FNanchor_190"></a><a href="#Footnote_190" class="fnanchor">[190]</a> etc.; Mr. Hearne,<a name="FNanchor_191" id="FNanchor_191"></a><a href="#Footnote_191" class="fnanchor">[191]</a> the elegant and -correct draughtsman of many of England’s Antiquities -(so beautifully engraved by his amiable friend Byrne), -Nathaniel Smith, my father, etc. The amateurs were -Henderson, the actor; Mr. Morris, a silversmith; Mr. -John Ireland, then a watchmaker in Maiden Lane, and -since editor of Boydell’s edition of Dr. Trusler’s work,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[106]</a></span> -<cite>Hogarth Moralized</cite>; and Mr. Baker, of St. Paul’s Churchyard, -whose collection of Bartolozzi’s works was unequalled.<a name="FNanchor_192" id="FNanchor_192"></a><a href="#Footnote_192" class="fnanchor">[192]</a> -When this house, the sign of the “Feathers,” was taken -down to make way for Dibdin’s Theatre, called the -“Sans Souci,” several of its frequenters adjourned to the -“Coach and Horses” public-house in Castle Street, Leicester -Fields; but in consequence of their not proving customers -sufficiently expensive for that establishment, the landlord -one evening venturing to light them out with a -farthing candle, they betook themselves to Gerard Street, -and thence to the “Blue Posts” in Dean Street, where -the club dwindled into two or three members, viz. Edridge, -the portrait draughtsman; Alexander, of the British -Museum; and Edmunds, the upholsterer, who had been -undertaker to the greater part of the club.<a name="FNanchor_193" id="FNanchor_193"></a><a href="#Footnote_193" class="fnanchor">[193]</a></p> - -<p>Mr. Baker, the gentleman before mentioned, being -a single man, and sometimes keeping rather late hours, -was now and then accompanied by a friend half way -home, by way of a walk. It was on one of these nights, -that, just as he and I were approaching Temple Bar, -about one o’clock, a most unaccountable appearance<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[107]</a></span> -claimed our attention,—it was no less an object than -an elephant, whose keepers were coaxing it to pass through -the gateway. He had been accompanied by several -persons from the Tower Wharf with tall poles, but was -principally guided by two men with ropes, each walking -on either side of the street, to keep him as much as possible -in the middle on his way to the menagerie, Exeter -Change; to which destination, after passing St. Clement’s -Church, he steadily trudged on with strict obedience -to the commands of his keepers. I had the honour -afterwards of partaking of a pot of Barclay’s Entire with -this same elephant, which high mark of his condescension -was bestowed when I accompanied my friend the late -Sir James Winter Lake, Bart., to view the rare animals -in Exeter Change—that gentleman being assured by -the elephant’s keeper that if he would offer the beast a -shilling, he would see the noble animal nod his head and -drink a pot of porter. The elephant no sooner had taken -the shilling, which he did in the mildest manner from -the palm of Sir James’s hand, than he gave it to the keeper, -and eagerly watched his return with the beer. The -elephant then, after placing his proboscis to the top of -the tankard, drew up nearly the whole of the then good -beverage. The keeper observed, “You will hardly believe, -gentlemen, but the little he has left is quite warm;” -upon this we were tempted to taste it, and it really was -so. This animal was afterwards disposed of for the sum -of one thousand guineas.<a name="FNanchor_194" id="FNanchor_194"></a><a href="#Footnote_194" class="fnanchor">[194]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 490px;" id="illus18"> - -<img src="images/illus18.jpg" width="490" height="600" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">COVENT GARDEN THROUGH HOGARTH’S EYES</p> - -<p class="caption">“The first square inhabited by the great.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>J. T. Smith</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[108]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1786.</h3> - -<p>Possibly the present frequenters of print sales may -receive some little entertainment from a description of -a few of the most singular of those who constantly attended -the auctions during my boyish days. The elder -Langford, of Covent Garden, introduced by Foote as -Mr. Puff, in his farce of <cite>The Minor</cite>,<a name="FNanchor_195" id="FNanchor_195"></a><a href="#Footnote_195" class="fnanchor">[195]</a> I well remember; -yet by reason of my being obliged to attend more regularly -the subsequent evening sales at Paterson’s and Hutchins’s—next-door-neighbour -auctioneers, on the north side -of King Street, Covent Garden,<a name="FNanchor_196" id="FNanchor_196"></a><a href="#Footnote_196" class="fnanchor">[196]</a> I am better enabled<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[109]</a></span> -to speak to the peculiarities of their visitors than those -of Mr. Langford.</p> - -<p>It was in 1783, during the sales of the extensive collection -of Mr. Moser, the first keeper of the Royal Academy,<a name="FNanchor_197" id="FNanchor_197"></a><a href="#Footnote_197" class="fnanchor">[197]</a> -and Mr. Millan, bookseller at Charing Cross,<a name="FNanchor_198" id="FNanchor_198"></a><a href="#Footnote_198" class="fnanchor">[198]</a> that I noticed -the following remarkable characters. I shall, however, -first endeavour to describe the person of Paterson, a man -much respected by all who really knew him; but perhaps -by none with more sincerity than Doctor Johnson, who -had honoured him by standing godfather to his son -Samuel, and whom he continued to notice as he grew -up with the most affectionate regard, as appears in the -letters which the doctor wrote in his favour to his friends -Sir Joshua Reynolds and Mr. Humphrey, printed by -Boswell.<a name="FNanchor_199" id="FNanchor_199"></a><a href="#Footnote_199" class="fnanchor">[199]</a> Mr. Paterson was in height about five feet<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[110]</a></span> -eight inches, and stooped a little in the shoulders. When -I first knew him, he was a spare man, and wore a powdered -clubwig, similar to that worn by Tom Davies, the bookseller -and biographer of Garrick, of whom there is an -engraved portrait. Paterson was really a walking library, -and of manners precisely coinciding with the old school. -I remember that by a slight impediment in his speech, -he always pronounced the letter R as a V; for instance, -Dart’s <cite>History of Canterbe<em>v</em>y</cite>, and a dromedary, he pronounced -a d<em>wa</em>mmeda<em>v</em>y; notwithstanding this defect, -he publicly lectured on the beauties of Shakspeare.</p> - -<p>Mr. Gough,<a name="FNanchor_200" id="FNanchor_200"></a><a href="#Footnote_200" class="fnanchor">[200]</a> the Editor of Camden’s <cite>Britannia</cite>, was the -constant frequenter of his book-sales. This antiquary was -about the same height as the auctioneer, but in a wig very -different, as he wore, when I knew him, a short shining<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[111]</a></span> -curled one. His coat was of “formal cut,” but he had no -round belly; and his waistcoat and smallclothes were -from the same piece. He was mostly in boots, and carried -a swish-whip when he walked. His temper I know was not -good, and he seldom forgave those persons who dared to bid -stoutly against him for a lot at an auction: his eyes, which -were small and of the winky-pinky sort, fully announced -the fretful being. As for his judgment in works of art, -if he had any it availed him little, being as much satisfied -with the dry and monotonous manner of Old Basire,<a name="FNanchor_201" id="FNanchor_201"></a><a href="#Footnote_201" class="fnanchor">[201]</a> as -our late President West was with the beautiful style of -Woollett and Hall.</p> - -<p>Dr. Lort,<a name="FNanchor_202" id="FNanchor_202"></a><a href="#Footnote_202" class="fnanchor">[202]</a> the constant correspondent of Old Cole,<a name="FNanchor_203" id="FNanchor_203"></a><a href="#Footnote_203" class="fnanchor">[203]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[112]</a></span> -was a man of his own stamp, broad and bony, in height -nearly six feet, of manners equally morose, and in every -respect just as forbidding. His wig was a large <em>Busby</em>, -and usually of a brown appearance, for want of a dust of -powder. He was chaplain to the Duke of Devonshire; -and as he wore thick worsted stockings, and walked anyhow -through the mud, considered himself in no way obliged -to give the street-sweepers a farthing. He had some wit, -however, but it was often displayed in a cowardly manner, -being mostly directed towards his little opponent, Doctor -Gossett,<a name="FNanchor_204" id="FNanchor_204"></a><a href="#Footnote_204" class="fnanchor">[204]</a> who was unfortunately much afflicted by deformity, -and of a temper easily roused by too frequent a -repetition of threepenny biddings at Paterson’s. Paterson -sold his books singly, and took threepence at a bidding.</p> - -<p>Hutchins was about five feet nine inches, but in appearance -much shorter by reason of his corpulency. His high -forehead, when compared with a perpendicular, was at an -angle of forty-five. He was what Spurzheim would call a -<em>simple</em> honest man: his wife was of the same build, but most -powerfully possessed the organ of inquisitiveness, which -induced her to be a constant occupant of a pretty large and -easy chair, by the side of the fire in the auction-room, in -order that she might see how business was going on. Mr.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[113]</a></span> -and Mrs. Hutchins appeared so affectionately mutual in -all their public conclusions, that Caleb Whitefoord, the -witty wine-merchant, one of the print-sale visitors, attempted -to flourish off the following observation as one -of his invention: “You see,” said he to Captain Baillie, -“Cocker is not always correct; <em>one</em> and <em>one</em> do not in this -instance make <em>two</em>.”<a name="FNanchor_205" id="FNanchor_205"></a><a href="#Footnote_205" class="fnanchor">[205]</a></p> - -<p>Caleb Whitefoord<a name="FNanchor_206" id="FNanchor_206"></a><a href="#Footnote_206" class="fnanchor">[206]</a> was what is usually called a slight-built<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[114]</a></span> -man, and much addicted when in conversation to -shrug up his shoulders. He had a thin face, with little eyes; -his deportment was gentlemanly, though perhaps sometimes -too high for his situation in life. His dress, upon which he -bestowed great attention, was in some instances singular, -particularly in his hat and wig, which were remarkable -as being solitary specimens of the Garrick School. He -considered himself <em>a first-rate</em> judge of pictures, always -preferring those by the <em>old masters</em>, but which he endeavoured -to improve by touching up; and when in this -conceited employment, I have frequently seen him fall back -in his chair, and turn his head from one shoulder to the -other, with as much admiration of what he had done, as -Hogarth’s sign-painter of the Barley-mow in his inimitable -print of Beer Street.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 515px;" id="illus19"> - -<img src="images/illus19.jpg" width="515" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: UMBRELLAS TO MEND</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH</p> - -</div> - -<p>Captain William Baillie<a name="FNanchor_207" id="FNanchor_207"></a><a href="#Footnote_207" class="fnanchor">[207]</a> was also an amateur in art;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[115]</a></span> -he suffered from an asthma, which often stood his friend -by allowing a lengthened fit of coughing to stop a sentence -whenever he found himself in want of words to complete -it. When not engaged in his duties as a commissioner of -the Stamp Office, he for years amused himself in what he -called <em>etching</em>; but in what Rembrandt, as well as every -true artist, would call scratching. He could not draw, -nor had he an eye for effect. To prove this assertion, I will -“<em>end him at a blow</em>,” by bringing to my informed reader’s -recollection the captain’s execrable plate, which he considered -to be an improvement upon Rembrandt’s “Three -Trees.” Mr. West classed him amongst the conceited men.—“Sir,” -said the venerable President, “when I requested -him to show me a fine impression of Rembrandt’s Hundred -Guilder print, he placed one of his own <em>restored</em> impressions -before me, with as much confidence as my little friend -Edwards<a name="FNanchor_208" id="FNanchor_208"></a><a href="#Footnote_208" class="fnanchor">[208]</a> attempts to teach Perspective in the Royal -Academy.” Captain Baillie commonly wore a camlet -coat, and walked so slowly and with such measured steps, -that he appeared like a man heavily laden with jack-boots -and Munchausen spurs; and whenever he entered an -auction-room, he generally permitted his cough to announce -his arrival.</p> - -<p>Mr. Baker,<a name="FNanchor_209" id="FNanchor_209"></a><a href="#Footnote_209" class="fnanchor">[209]</a> an opulent dealer in lace, was nightly<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[116]</a></span> -to be found bidding for the choicest impressions, which -he seldom allowed any antagonist, however powerful, -to carry away. He was well-proportioned, and though -sometimes singular in his manner, and too negligent in his -dress, was a most honourable man.</p> - -<p>Mr. Woodhouse, of Tokenhouse Yard, was also a bidder -for fine things; he did not possess so much of the milk of -human kindness as Mr. Baker; indeed, his manners were at -times a little repulsive, although he had been many years -principal cashier in Sir George Prescott’s banking-house. -He was an extensive collector of Cipriani’s drawings.<a name="FNanchor_210" id="FNanchor_210"></a><a href="#Footnote_210" class="fnanchor">[210]</a></p> - -<p>Mr. Musgrave,<a name="FNanchor_211" id="FNanchor_211"></a><a href="#Footnote_211" class="fnanchor">[211]</a> of Norfolk Street, frequently attended -auctions of prints, but particularly those of pictures; he -was an accomplished gentleman in his address, and most -feelingly benevolent in his actions. His figure was short, -his features pleasing, and he seldom went abroad without -a rose in his button-hole. When I state that no man could -have had fewer enemies, I think even the descendants of -“Vinegar Tom”<a name="FNanchor_212" id="FNanchor_212"></a><a href="#Footnote_212" class="fnanchor">[212]</a> will never haunt my bedside.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[117]</a></span></p> - -<p>There was another truly polite and kind-hearted -attendant at Hutchins’s sales, Mr. Pitt, of Westminster. -The manners of this gentleman were precise, and he wore -a large five-story white wig.</p> - -<p>The next collector at this period was Mr. Wodhull,<a name="FNanchor_213" id="FNanchor_213"></a><a href="#Footnote_213" class="fnanchor">[213]</a> -the translator of Euripides. He was very thin, with a long -nose and thick lips; of manners perfectly gentlemanly. -The great singularity of his appearance arose, perhaps, from -his closing his coat from the first button, immediately -under his chin, to the last, nearly extending to the bottom -of his deep-flap waistcoat-pockets. He seldom spoke, nor -would he exceed one sixpence beyond the sum which he -had put down in his catalogue, to give for the articles he -intended to bid for; and though he frequently went away -without purchasing a single lot, or even speaking to any -one during the whole evening, he always took off his hat, -and bowed low to the company before he left the auction-room.</p> - -<p>Mr. Rawle, an accoutrement-maker, then living in -the Strand, was a visitor: he was the friend of Captain -Grose, and the executor of Thomas Worlidge,<a name="FNanchor_214" id="FNanchor_214"></a><a href="#Footnote_214" class="fnanchor">[214]</a> the etcher. -In his early days he had collected many curious and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[118]</a></span> -valuable articles. His cabinets contained numerous interesting -portraits in miniature of Elizabethan characters. -He was a professed Commonwealth man, and possessed -many of the Protector’s, or, according to some writers, -the usurper’s letters. He also prided himself upon having -the leathern doublet, sword, and hat in which Oliver -dissolved the Parliament, and showed a helmet that he -could incontrovertibly prove had belonged to him. He -likewise frequently expatiated for a considerable time -upon a magnificent wig, which he said had been worn -by that Merry Monarch, King Charles the Second.<a name="FNanchor_215" id="FNanchor_215"></a><a href="#Footnote_215" class="fnanchor">[215]</a> This -singular character never would allow more than a halfpenny-worth -of vegetables to be put upon his table, though -they were ever so cheap; and when they were above -his price, he went without.<a name="FNanchor_216" id="FNanchor_216"></a><a href="#Footnote_216" class="fnanchor">[216]</a></p> - -<p>Another singular character of the name of Beauvais,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[119]</a></span> -who at one time had flourished at Tunbridge Wells as -a miniature-painter,<a name="FNanchor_217" id="FNanchor_217"></a><a href="#Footnote_217" class="fnanchor">[217]</a> attended the evening auctions. -This man, who was short and rather lumpy in stature, -indeed nearly as wide as he was high, was a native of -France, and through sheer idleness became so filthily -dirty in his person and dress, that few of the company -would sit by him. Yet I have seen him in a black suit -with his sword and bag, in the evening of the day on -which he had been at Court, where for years he was a -constant attendant. This “Sack of Sand,” as Suett -the actor generally called him, sat at the lower end of -the table; and as he very seldom made purchases, few -persons ventured to converse with him. He frequently -much annoyed Hutchins by the loudest of all snoring; -and now and then Doctor Wolcot would ask him a question, -in order to indulge in a laugh at his mode of uttering an -answer, which Peter Pindar declared to be more like the -gobbling of a turkey-cock than anything human. He -lived in a two-pair-of-stairs back room in St. James’s -Market; and, after his death, Hutchins sold his furniture. -I recollect his spinet, music-stool, and a few dog’s-eared -sheets of lessons sold for three-and-sixpence.</p> - -<p>Mr. Matthew Mitchell,<a name="FNanchor_218" id="FNanchor_218"></a><a href="#Footnote_218" class="fnanchor">[218]</a> the banker, frequently joined<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[120]</a></span> -these parties, and seldom went away without a purchase -of prints under his arm. He was extremely well-proportioned, -and walked in what I have often heard the -ladies of the <em>old school</em> style a portly manner. He was -remarkable for a width of chin, which was full as large -as Titus Oates’s, and a set of large white teeth. His -features altogether, however, bespoke a good-natured -and liberal man. This gentleman was very kind to me -when I was a boy, and I never hear his name mentioned -but with unspeakable pleasure.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus20"> - -<img src="images/illus20.jpg" width="650" height="490" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">CHRISTIE’S AS “RAINY DAY” SMITH KNEW IT</p> - -</div> - -<p>Mr. Mitchell had a most serious antipathy to a kitten. -He could sit in a room without experiencing the least -emotion from a cat; but directly he perceived a kitten, -his flesh shook on his bones, like a snail in vinegar. I -once relieved him from one of these paroxysms, by taking -a kitten out of the room; on my return he thanked me, -and declared his feelings to be insupportable upon such -an occasion. Long subsequently I asked him whether -he could in any way account for this agitation. He said -he could not, adding that he experienced no such sensations -upon seeing a full-grown cat; but that a kitten,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[121]</a></span> -after he had looked at it for a minute or two, in his imagination -grew to the size of an overpowering elephant.</p> - -<p>At this period Hogarth’s prints were in such high -request, that whenever anything remarkable appeared, -it was stoutly contested: for Mr. Packer, of Combe’s -Brewhouse, was one of the most enterprising of the Hogarth -collectors. This gentleman, though his manners sometimes -appeared blunt, was highly respected by all who -really knew him: it was at this time he became my -friend.<a name="FNanchor_219" id="FNanchor_219"></a><a href="#Footnote_219" class="fnanchor">[219]</a></p> - -<p>He was tall, of good proportion, and well-favoured. -He had his peculiarities in dress, particularly as to his -hat, which was an undoubted original. Mr. Packer’s -opponents in Hogarth prints were two persons, one of -the name of Vincent, a tall, half-starved-looking man, -who walked with a high gilt chased-headed cane (he had -been a chaser of milk-pots, watch-cases, and heads of -canes, and he always walked with this cane as a show-article), -and the other of the name of Powell, better known -under the appellation of “<em>Old black wig</em>.”</p> - -<p>Henderson, the player,<a name="FNanchor_220" id="FNanchor_220"></a><a href="#Footnote_220" class="fnanchor">[220]</a> who was also a collector of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[122]</a></span> -Hogarth’s works, seldom made his appearance on these -boards—John Ireland being his deputy-manager.<a name="FNanchor_221" id="FNanchor_221"></a><a href="#Footnote_221" class="fnanchor">[221]</a></p> - -<p>I must not omit to mention another singular but -most honourable character, of the name of Heywood, -nicknamed “Old Iron Wig.” His dress was precise, -and manner of walking rather stiff. He was an extensive -purchaser of every kind of article in art, particularly -Rowlandson’s drawings; for this purpose he employed -the merry and friendly Mr. Seguier,<a name="FNanchor_222" id="FNanchor_222"></a><a href="#Footnote_222" class="fnanchor">[222]</a> the picture-dealer, -a schoolfellow of my father’s, to bid for him.</p> - -<p>I shall now close this list by observing that my early -friend and fellow-pupil, Rowlandson, who has frequently -made drawings of Hutchins and his print-auctions, has -produced a most spirited etching, in which not only many -of the above-described characters are introduced, but -also most of the printsellers of the day. There is another, -though it must be owned very indifferent, plate, containing -what the publisher called “Portraits of Printsellers,” -from a monotonous drawing by the late Silvester Harding, -whose manner of delineation made persons appear to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[123]</a></span> -be all of one family, particularly his sleepy-eyed and -gaudily-coloured drawings of ladies.</p> - -<h3>1787.</h3> - -<p>At this time my mimic powers induced Delpini the -clown,<a name="FNanchor_223" id="FNanchor_223"></a><a href="#Footnote_223" class="fnanchor">[223]</a> who had often been amused with several of my -imitations of public characters, to mention me to Mr. -John Palmer,<a name="FNanchor_224" id="FNanchor_224"></a><a href="#Footnote_224" class="fnanchor">[224]</a> who, after listening to my specimens, promised -me an engagement at the Royalty Theatre, which -was then erecting; but as that gentleman was too sanguine,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[124]</a></span> -and failed in procuring a licence, I, as well as many other -strutting heroes, was disappointed.</p> - -<p>After this my friends advised me to resume the arts; -and, with the usual confidence of an unskilful beginner, -I at once presumed to style myself “drawing-master.” -However, my slender abilities, or rather industry, were -noticed by my kind patrons, who soon recommended -me to pupils, and by that pursuit I was enabled, with -some increase of talent, to support myself for several -years. It is rather extraordinary that mimicry with -me was not confined to the voice, for I could in many -instances throw my features into a resemblance of the -person whose voice I imitated. Indeed, so ridiculous -were several of these gesticulations, that I remember -diverting one of my companions by endeavouring to -look like the various lion-headed knockers as we passed -through a long street. Skilful, however, as I was declared -to be in some of my attempts, I could not in any -way manage the dolphin knockers in Dean Street, Fetter -Lane. Their ancient and fish-like appearance was certainly -many fathoms beyond my depth; and as much -by reason of my being destitute of gills, and the nose of -that finny tribe, extending nearly in width to its tremendous -mouth, I was obliged to give up the attempt.</p> - -<p>When first I saw these knockers, which were all of solid -brass, seventeen of the doors of the four-and-twenty houses -in Dean Street were adorned with them, and the good -housewives’ care was to keep them as bright as the chimney-sweeper’s -ladle on May-day. As my mind from my earliest -remembrance was of an inquisitive nature, my curiosity -urged me to learn why this street, above all others, was -thus adorned; and my inquiry was, as I then thought, at -once answered satisfactorily.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[125]</a></span></p> - -<p>This ground and the houses upon it belong to the Fishmongers’ -Company, was the answer returned by one of the -oldest inhabitants; and the heraldic reader will recollect -that the arms of that worshipful and ancient body are -dolphins. Not being satisfied with this assertion, however, -I went to Fishmongers’ Hall, and was there assured that -the Company never had any property in Dean Street, -Fetter Lane. On the 17th of May, 1829, I visited this -street in order to see how many of my brazen-faced acquaintances -exposed themselves, and I found that Dean Street -was nearly as deficient in its dolphin knockers as a churchyard -is of its earliest tombstones, for out of seventeen only -three remained.<a name="FNanchor_225" id="FNanchor_225"></a><a href="#Footnote_225" class="fnanchor">[225]</a></p> - -<p>In the commencement of this year I took lodgings in -Gerrard Street, and acquiesced in the regulations of my -landlady; one of the principal of which was, that I never -was to expect to be let in after twelve o’clock, unless the -servant was apprised of my staying out later, and then she -was to be permitted to sit up for me. Being in my twenty-first -year, of a lively disposition, and moreover fond of -theatrical representations, I did not at all times “remember<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[126]</a></span> -twelve”; for although Mrs. Siddons sounded it so emphatically -upon my ear, I could never quit the theatre till half an -hour after. My finances at this period being sometimes -too slender to afford an additional lodging for the night, -and not often venturing to expose myself to insult, or the -artful and designing, by perambulating the city, unless -the moon invited me, I fortunately hit upon the following -expedient, which not only sheltered me from rain, but -afforded me a seat by the fireside. I either used to go to -the watch-house of St. Paul, Covent Garden, or that of St. -Anne, Soho; so, having made myself free of both by agreeing -with the watch-house keeper to stand the expense of two -pots of porter upon every nocturnal visit, I was enabled -to see what is called “life and human nature.”</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus21"> - -<img src="images/illus21.jpg" width="650" height="490" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">A LONDON WATCH HOUSE</p> - -</div> - -<p>One of the curious scenes witnessed upon a more recent -occasion afforded me no small amusement. Sir Harry -Dinsdale, usually called Dimsdale, a short, feeble little -man, was brought in to St. Anne’s watch-house, charged -by two colossal guardians of the night with conduct most -unruly. “What have you, Sir Harry, to say to all this?” -asked the Dogberry of St. Anne. The knight, who had -been roughly handled, commenced like a true orator, in a -low tone of voice, “May it please ye, my magistrate, I -am not drunk; it is <em>languor</em>. A parcel of the bloods of the -Garden have treated me cruelly, because I would not treat -them. This day, Sir, I was sent for by Mr. Sheridan to -make my speech upon the table at the Shakspeare Tavern, -in <em>Common</em> Garden; he wrote the speech for me, and always -gives me half a guinea, when he sends for me to the tavern. -You see I didn’t go in my Royal robes; I only put ’um on -when I stand to be member.” Constable—“Well, but Sir -Harry, why are you brought here?” One of the watchmen -then observed, “That though Sir Harry was but a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[127]</a></span> -little <em>shambling</em> fellow, he was so <em>upstroppolus</em> and kicked -him about at such a rate, that it was as much as he and his -comrade could do to bring him along.” As there was no one -to support the charge, Sir Harry was advised to go home, -which, however, he swore he would not do at midnight -without an escort. “Do you know,” said he, “there’s a -parcel of <em>raps</em> now on the outside waiting for me.”</p> - -<p>The constable of the night gave orders for him to be -protected to the public-house opposite the west end of St. -Giles’s Church, where he then lodged. Sir Harry hearing -a noise in the street, muttered, “I shall catch it; I know I -shall.” “See the conquering hero comes” (<i>cries without</i>). -“Ay, they always use that tune when I gain my election at -Garrett.”</p> - -<p>Although many of my readers may recollect Sir Harry -Dinsdale, yet it may be well for the information of others -to state who and what he was. Before I commence his -history, however, I should observe that the death of Sir -Jeffery Dunstan, a dealer in old wigs, who had been for -many years returned member for Garrett, first gave popularity -to Harry Dinsdale, who, from the moment he stood -as candidate, received mock knighthood, and was ever after -known under the appellation of “Sir Harry.”<a name="FNanchor_226" id="FNanchor_226"></a><a href="#Footnote_226" class="fnanchor">[226]</a> There<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[128]</a></span> -are several portraits of this singular little object, by some -called “Honeyjuice,” as well as of his more whimsical predecessor, -Sir Jeffery Dunstan, better known as “Old Wigs.” -Sir Harry exercised the itinerant trade of a muffinman -in the afternoon; he had a little bell, which he held to -his ear, smiling ironically at its tingling. His cry was -“Muffins! muffins! ladies come buy <em>me</em>! pretty, handsome, -blooming, smiling maids.” Flaxman the sculptor, -and Mrs. Mathew, of blue-stocking memory, equipped -him as a hardware man, and as such I made two etchings -of him.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;" id="illus22"> - -<img src="images/illus22a.jpg" width="300" height="380" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">SIR HARRY DINSDALE</p> - -<p class="caption">MAYOR OF GARRAT AND EMPEROR ANTI-NAPOLEON</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> - -<img src="images/illus22b.jpg" width="350" height="630" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">SIR JEFFERY DUNSTAN</p> - -<p class="caption">“His first appearance on any stage.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>Many a time when I had no inclination to go to bed -at the dawn of day, I have looked down from my window -to see whether the author of the <cite>Sublime and Beautiful</cite> -had left his drawing-room, where I had seen that great -orator during many a night after he had left the House of -Commons, seated at a table covered with papers, attended -by an amanuensis who sat opposite to him.<a name="FNanchor_227" id="FNanchor_227"></a><a href="#Footnote_227" class="fnanchor">[227]</a> Major Money, -who had nearly been lost at sea with his balloon, at that -time lodged in the same house. Of the Major’s perilous<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[129]</a></span> -situation at sea, the elder Reinagle made a spirited picture, -of which there is an engraving.<a name="FNanchor_228" id="FNanchor_228"></a><a href="#Footnote_228" class="fnanchor">[228]</a></p> - -<p>In this year I had the honour for the first time of -exhibiting at the Royal Academy. My production was a -portrait of the venerable beech-tree which stood within -memory at a short distance from Sand-pit Gate, in Windsor -Forest, and which tree has been so admirably painted by -West. This picture, which measures five feet in height and -seven in length, was sold by auction at Mr. West’s house, -in May 23rd, 1829. My drawing, as well as many of my -studies made from that delightful display of forest scenery, -was highly finished in black chalk; it was purchased by -the late Earl of Warwick, who was not only an admirable -draughtsman himself, but kind to young artists. By that -nobleman I was introduced to the Hon. F. Charles Greville -[the Earl’s brother and a Vice-President of the Royal -Society], whose taste for the Fine Arts is too well known -to need any eulogium from me.<a name="FNanchor_229" id="FNanchor_229"></a><a href="#Footnote_229" class="fnanchor">[229]</a> This gentleman gave -Cipriani above one hundred guineas for an elaborate -drawing of the famous Barberini vase, brought to England -by Sir William Hamilton.<a name="FNanchor_230" id="FNanchor_230"></a><a href="#Footnote_230" class="fnanchor">[230]</a> Several learned writers have<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[130]</a></span> -given their conjectures as to the subject so beautifully -sculptured on this vase; but I understand that nothing -has been adduced as yet that sufficiently elucidates it. -This vase is deposited in the British Museum.</p> - -<p>This grey and silver beech was the loftiest in the forest, -and particularly beautiful when the sun shone upon its -ancient limbs; his capacious and hollow trunk, with a small -additional hut, afforded accommodation for a woodman, -his wife, four children, a sow and a numerous litter of pigs. -This happy family retreat, which had frequently been -noticed by King George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, was at last unavoidably -obliged, from the symptoms it exhibited of falling, to -submit to the woodman’s axe—that woodman whose family -had weathered many a storm, and had been screened from -the scorching sunbeams under its majestic branches, -several of which, by reason of its “bald and high antiquity,” -had not issued foliage for many a summer. The King, -however, who never suffered the humblest of his subjects -whose industry he had noticed, to sigh under calamity, -ordered a snug, neat brick cottage to be built for the -honest occupant and his dependents, which was erected in -the same forest, and at as short a distance as possible from -the former residence.</p> - -<p>One curious and interesting discovery resulted from -the demolition of this venerable tree. The woodman, -who had allowed the smoke from his peat-piled fire to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[131]</a></span> -pass through one of the hollow limbs of the tree for several -years without sweeping it, had, by accumulated incrustations, -produced a mass of the finest brown colour, resembling -the present appearance of that used by Rembrandt, -so much coveted by the English artists. The -discovery was made by Mr. Paul Sandby, who was -fortunately passing at the time the timber was on the -ground, who immediately secured a tolerable quantity -to enable him to prove that the smoke from forest fuel, -united with the heated branch of a hollow and aged beech, -produced the finest bistre: his son, the present Mr. Sandby, -gave me a lump of it, which I presented to the late Sir -George Beaumont.<a name="FNanchor_231" id="FNanchor_231"></a><a href="#Footnote_231" class="fnanchor">[231]</a> Having mentioned this bistre to -several Roman artists, they informed me that a strong -decoction of the sap of the ilex, or evergreen oak, produces -a colour nearly similar; and of this I have had -satisfactory proof. These, and suchlike bistres, would -be much safer for the artist to use than that called sepia, -which is made from the ink of the cuttle-fish, which, -being a marine production, ever retains its saline and -pernicious qualities, as may be seen in several of the -numerous drawings made by Guercino, where the colour<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[132]</a></span> -has left a blot, which has completely eaten through the -paper. However, after all the trials of our experimentalists -to match the present tint of Rembrandt’s drawings, -and however pleasingly ingenious their discoveries have -been, still I am inclined to believe that much, if not the -whole, of the effect of old drawings is owing to that produced -by time; and in this idea I am borne out by a -small drawing which the ever-to-be-revered Flaxman -made with a pen in common writing-ink: he drew it -when I was a lad, and it is now a deep rich brown. May -we not also fairly conclude, from the brown tint of most -of our old manuscripts, that time has thus operated upon -the ink? if so, the question is, what will the future colour -of that which we now use in imitation, consisting of many -ingredients, be, after fifty-five years, the elapsed time -since I received my drawing from the kind hand of Flaxman? -It is a curious fact, however, that the ink used -by the ancient Egyptians on nearly two hundred specimens -of the written inscriptions on papyrus collected by Mr. -Salt,<a name="FNanchor_232" id="FNanchor_232"></a><a href="#Footnote_232" class="fnanchor">[232]</a> now in the British Museum, are as jet a black as -Cozens’s<a name="FNanchor_233" id="FNanchor_233"></a><a href="#Footnote_233" class="fnanchor">[233]</a> blotting-ink, or Day and Martin’s far-famed -blacking.</p> - -<h3>1788.</h3> - -<p>Although not considered an Adonis by the ladies, -yet most of those to whom I had the pleasure to be known, -noticed me as a favourite, and by some my appearance -in company was cordially greeted. “Friend Thomas,”<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[133]</a></span> -asked one, “pray what play didst thou see last night?” -With this appellation I was frequently addressed, in -consequence of my mother having been a member of the -Society of Friends. “<cite>Love’s Labour Lost</cite>,” being my -answer to the pre-engaged fair one, uttered perhaps with -a smile, she was induced to rejoin, “If you had not hitherto -been so blind a son of Venus, you would not have lost -my smiles.” After this rebuke, my pursuit became -brisker, and I at last fixed my heart upon my first wife.<a name="FNanchor_234" id="FNanchor_234"></a><a href="#Footnote_234" class="fnanchor">[234]</a> -Upon becoming a Benedict, I partly recovered the use of -my senses, gave up my clubs, dissolved many connections, -and in order to be faithful to my pledge, “to love and -to cherish,” I applied myself steadily to my etching-table, -and commenced a series of quarto plates, to illustrate -Mr. Pennant’s truly interesting account of our great -city (entitled <cite>Some Account of London</cite>), which I dedicated -to my patron, Sir James Winter Lake, Bart.</p> - -<p>Sir James was a governor of the Hudson’s Bay Company,—a -situation, it is well known, he filled with credit -to himself as well as the satisfaction of every one connected -with that highly-respected body. Sir James most -kindly invited me to take a house near him at Edmonton, -where I had the honour, for the space of seven years, -of enjoying the steady friendship of himself and family. -Lady Lake, who then retained much of her youthful -beauty, by her elegance of language and extreme affability -charmed every one. To clever people of every description -she was kind, and benevolent to the poor.</p> - -<p>The Lake family consisted of Sir James, his lady, -their sons, James, Willoughby, Atwill, and Andrew,—their<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[134]</a></span> -daughters, Mary, Charlotte, and Anne.<a name="FNanchor_235" id="FNanchor_235"></a><a href="#Footnote_235" class="fnanchor">[235]</a> Their -residence, which had long been their family mansion, -was distant about a mile from the Angel Inn, and was -called “The Firs,” in consequence of the approach to -the house being planted on either side with double rows -of that tree.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 540px;" id="illus23"> - -<img src="images/illus23.jpg" width="540" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">ELIZABETH CANNING</p> - -<p class="caption">“For my own part, I am not at all brought to believe her story.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>Horace Walpole</cite></p> - -</div> - -<h3>1789.</h3> - -<p>This year proved more lucrative to me than any preceding, -for at this time I professed portrait painting both -in oils and crayons; but, alas! after using a profusion -of carmine, and placing many an eye straight that was -misdirected, before another season came, my exertions -were mildewed by a decline of orders, owing not only -to the salubrity of the air of Edmonton, but to the regularity -of those who had sat to me, for they would neither -die nor quit their mansions, but kept themselves snug -within their King-William iron gates and red-brick-crested -piers, so that there was no accommodation for -new-comers; nor would the red land-owners allow one -inch of ground to the Tooley Street Camomile Cottage<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[135]</a></span> -builders.<a name="FNanchor_236" id="FNanchor_236"></a><a href="#Footnote_236" class="fnanchor">[236]</a> However, I experienced enough to convince -me that, had I diverged along the cross-roads towards the -Bald-faced Stag, the highway to the original Tulip-tree -at Waltham Abbey, or the green lanes to Hornsey Wood -House, I might have considerably increased my income; -but this would have been impossible without a conveyance. -Nevertheless, as it was, the reader will hardly believe -that my marches of fame were far more extensive than -those of Major Sturgeon;<a name="FNanchor_237" id="FNanchor_237"></a><a href="#Footnote_237" class="fnanchor">[237]</a> his were confined to marches -and counter-marches, from Ealing to Acton, and from -Acton to Ealing, next-door neighbours: now, my doves -took a circuitous flight from Tottenham to “Kicking -Jenny” at Southgate; then to Enfield, ay, even to its -very Wash, rendered notorious by Mary Squires and Bet -Canning;<a name="FNanchor_238" id="FNanchor_238"></a><a href="#Footnote_238" class="fnanchor">[238]</a> thence over Walton’s famed river Lea: thence<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[136]</a></span> -up to Chingford’s ivy-mantled tower; down again, crossing -the Lea with the lowing herd, to Tottenham High Cross, -finishing where they put up on the embattlements of the -once noble Castle of Bruce.</p> - -<p>It was in the centre of the above vicinities, at “Edmonton -so gay,” the rendezvous of Shakspeare’s merry devil,<a name="FNanchor_239" id="FNanchor_239"></a><a href="#Footnote_239" class="fnanchor">[239]</a> -that <em>I profiled, three-quartered, full-faced</em>, and <em>buttoned -up</em> the retired embroidered weavers, their crummy wives, -and tightly-laced daughters. Ay, those were the days! -my friends of the loom, as Tom King declared in the -prologue to <cite>Bon Ton</cite>, when Mother Fussock could ride -in a one-horse chaise, warm from Spitalfields, on a -Sunday!<a name="FNanchor_240" id="FNanchor_240"></a><a href="#Footnote_240" class="fnanchor">[240]</a></p> - -<h3>1790.</h3> - -<p>Many a rural walk have I and my beloved enjoyed, -accompanied by our uninvited, playful, tailed butterfly-hunter,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[137]</a></span> -through the lonely honeysuckled lanes to the -“Widow Colley’s,” whose nut-brown, mantling home-brewed -could have stood the test with that of Skelton’s -far-famed Elyn—the ale-wife of England, upon whose -October skill Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span>’s Poet Laureate sang.<a name="FNanchor_241" id="FNanchor_241"></a><a href="#Footnote_241" class="fnanchor">[241]</a> Sometimes -our strolls were extended to old Matthew Cook’s Ferry, -by the side of the Lea, so named after him, and well known -to many a Waltonian student. Matthew generally contrived -to keep sixteen cats, all of the finest breed, and, as cats go, -of the best of tempers, all of whom he had taught distinct -tricks; but it was his custom morning and evening to make -them regularly, one after the other, leap over his hands -joined as high as his arms could reach: and this attention -to his cats, which occupied nearly the whole of his time, -afforded him as much pleasure as Hartry, the cupper in -May’s Buildings,<a name="FNanchor_242" id="FNanchor_242"></a><a href="#Footnote_242" class="fnanchor">[242]</a> and his assistant could receive in phlebotomizing, -in former days, above one hundred customers -on a Sunday morning, that being the only leisure time the -industrious mechanic could spare for the operation.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[138]</a></span></p> - -<p>Melancholy as Cook’s Ferry is during the winter, -it is still more so in the time of an inundation, when it -is almost insupportable; and had not Matty enjoyed the -society of his cats, who certainly kept the house tolerably -free from rats and mice, at the accustomed time of a high -flood he must have been truly wretched. In this year, -during one of these visitations, in order to gratify my -indefatigable curiosity, I visited him over the meadows, -partly in a cart and partly in a boat, conducted by his -baker and Tom Fogin, his barber. We found him standing -in a washing-tub, dangling a bit of scrag of mutton before -the best fire existing circumstances could produce, in a -room on the ground floor, knee-deep in water, whilst he -ever and anon raised his voice to his cats in the room above, -where he had huddled them for safety.</p> - -<p>The baker, after delivering his bread in at the window, -and I, after fastening our skiff to the shutter-hook, waited -the return of Fogin, who had launched himself into a tub -to shave Matthew, who had perched himself on the coroneted -top of a tall Queen Anne’s chair, and drawn his feet as much -under him as possible, and then, with the palms of his -hands flat upon his knees to keep the balance true, was -prepared to suck in Fogin’s tales in the tub during his -shave. Tom retailed all the scandal he had been able to -collect during the preceding week from the surrounding -villages; how Dolly <i>alias</i> Matthew Booth, a half-witted -fellow, was stoutly caned by old John Adams, the astronomical -schoolmaster, for calling him “a moon-hauler,”—how -Mr. Wigston trespassed on Miss Thoxley’s waste,—of -the sisters Tatham being called the “wax dolls” of -Edmonton, whose chemises Bet Nun had declared only -measured sixteen inches in diameter,—of old Fuller, the -banker, riding to Ponder’s End with a stone in his mouth<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[139]</a></span> -to keep it moist, in order to save the expense of drink,—upon -Farmer Bellows’s and old Le Grew’s psalm-singing,—of -Alderman Curtis and his Southgate grapery, and of his -neighbour, a divine gentlem—<em>man</em>, I had very nearly called -him, who had horsewhipped his wife.</p> - -<h3>1791.</h3> - -<p>I remember on a midsummer morn of this year making -one of a party of pleasure, consisting of the worthy baronet -Sir James Lake, the elder John Adams,<a name="FNanchor_243" id="FNanchor_243"></a><a href="#Footnote_243" class="fnanchor">[243]</a> schoolmaster of -Edmonton, Samuel Ireland,<a name="FNanchor_244" id="FNanchor_244"></a><a href="#Footnote_244" class="fnanchor">[244]</a> author of the <cite>Thames</cite>, <cite>Medway</cite>, -etc. We started from my cottage at Edmonton, and -took the road north. The first house we noticed was an -old brick mansion at the extreme end of the town, erected -at about the time of King Charles <span class="smcapuc">I.</span>, opposite butcher -Wright’s. This dilapidated fabric was let out in tenements, -and the happiest of its inmates was a gay old woman who -lived in one of its numerous attics. She gained her bread -by spinning, and as we ascended she was singing the old -song of “Little boy blue, come blow me your horn” to a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[140]</a></span> -neighbour’s child, left to her care for the day. “Well, -Mary,” quoth the a-b-c-darian, “you are always gay; -what is your opinion of the lads and lasses of the present -time, compared with those of your youthful days?” -“I’ faith,” answered Mary, “they are pretty much the -same.” She was then considerably beyond her eightieth -year. We then proceeded to Ponder’s End, where I -conducted my fellow-travellers to a field on the left, behind -the Goat public-house, to see “King Ringle’s Well,” but -why so called even Mr. Gough has declared he was unable -to discover.<a name="FNanchor_245" id="FNanchor_245"></a><a href="#Footnote_245" class="fnanchor">[245]</a></p> - -<p>The next place we visited consisted of extensive moated -premises, called “Durance,” on the right of the public -road. This house, as tradition reported, had been the -residence of Judge Jeffreys; and here it is said that he -exercised some severities upon the Protestants.<a name="FNanchor_246" id="FNanchor_246"></a><a href="#Footnote_246" class="fnanchor">[246]</a></p> - -<p>We then returned through Green Street; and at a -cottage we discovered an Elizabethan door, profusely -studded with flat-headed nails. This piece of antiquity -Samuel Ireland stopped to make a drawing of, which -circumstance I beg the reader will keep in mind, as it will<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[141]</a></span> -be mentioned hereafter. We then, after descanting upon -the beauties of Waltham Cross, proposed to visit the -father of the Tulip-trees, an engraving of which appeared -in Farmer’s <cite>History of Waltham Abbey</cite>.<a name="FNanchor_247" id="FNanchor_247"></a><a href="#Footnote_247" class="fnanchor">[247]</a> We looked in -vain for a portion of King Harold’s tomb. There were -remains of it in Strutt’s early days: he made a drawing of -them. Our next visit was to a small ancient elliptic -bridge in a field a little beyond the pin-manufactory; this -bridge has ever been held as a great curiosity, and one of -high antiquity. As we returned through Cheshunt, we -rummaged over a basket of old books placed at the door of -the barber’s shop, where Sir James Lake bought an excellent -copy of Brooke’s <cite>Camden’s Errors</cite> for sixpence, and also -an imperfect copy of Burton’s <cite>Anatomy of Melancholy</cite>, -for the sake of a remarkably fine impression of a portrait -of its author on the title-page. After dining at the Red -Lion, we visited another old moated mansion, the property -of Dr. Mayo, said to have been originally a house belonging -to Cardinal Wolsey, or in which he had at one time resided.<a name="FNanchor_248" id="FNanchor_248"></a><a href="#Footnote_248" class="fnanchor">[248]</a> -After crossing a drawbridge, and passing through the iron -gates, the gardener ushered us into a spacious hall, and -showed us a curiously constructed chair, in which he said<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[142]</a></span> -the Cardinal’s porter usually sat. Of this singular chair -above mentioned I made a drawing, and had the honour -to furnish the late Marquis of Lansdowne with a copy, -to enable his Lordship to have a set made from it. In an -adjoining room was a bedstead and furniture, considered -to be that in which the Cardinal had slept; it was of a -drab-coloured cloth, profusely worked over with large -flowers in variously coloured silks. We were then conducted -to an immense room filled with old portraits. I -recollect noticing one in very excellent preservation of -Sir Hugh Myddelton, with an inscription on the background -totally differing from the one by Cornelius Janssen, -engraved by Vertue.<a name="FNanchor_249" id="FNanchor_249"></a><a href="#Footnote_249" class="fnanchor">[249]</a> Thus ended this pleasant excursion.</p> - -<h3>1792.</h3> - -<p>That Vandyke did not possess that liberal patron in -King Charles <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> which his biographers have hitherto -stated, is unquestionably a fact, which can be proved -by a long bill which I have lately seen (by the friendly -indulgence of Mr. Lemon<a name="FNanchor_250" id="FNanchor_250"></a><a href="#Footnote_250" class="fnanchor">[250]</a> and his son), in the State Paper -Office, docketed by the King’s own hand. For instance, -the picture of his Majesty dressed for the chase (which -I conjecture to be the one engraved by Strange),<a name="FNanchor_251" id="FNanchor_251"></a><a href="#Footnote_251" class="fnanchor">[251]</a> for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[143]</a></span> -which Vandyke had charged £200, the King, after erasing -that sum, inserted £100; and down in proportion, nay, -in some instances they suffered a further reduction. -Of several of the works charged in the bill, which his -Majesty marked as intended presents to his friends, I -recollect one of two that were to be given to Lord Holland -was reduced to the sum of £60. Other pictures in the -bill the King marked with a cross, which is explained -at the back by Endymion Porter, that as those were to -be paid for by the Queen, the King had left them for her -Majesty to reduce at pleasure.</p> - -<p>That a daughter of Vandyke was allowed a pension -for sums owing by King Charles <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> to her father, is also -true, as there is a petition in consequence of its being -discontinued still preserved in the State Paper Office, -in which that lady declares herself to be plunged into -the greatest distress, adding that she had been cheated -by the purchaser of her late father’s estate, who never -paid for it.<a name="FNanchor_252" id="FNanchor_252"></a><a href="#Footnote_252" class="fnanchor">[252]</a></p> - -<p>It would be the height of vanity in me to offer anything<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[144]</a></span> -beyond what the author of <cite>The Sublime and Beautiful</cite> -has said of Sir Joshua Reynolds, who died this year -at his house in Leicester Square.<a name="FNanchor_253" id="FNanchor_253"></a><a href="#Footnote_253" class="fnanchor">[253]</a> As Mr. Burke’s character -of this most powerful of painters may not be in -the possession of all my readers, I shall here reprint it.<a name="FNanchor_254" id="FNanchor_254"></a><a href="#Footnote_254" class="fnanchor">[254]</a></p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“The illness of Sir Joshua Reynolds was long, but borne -with a mild and cheerful fortitude, without the least -mixture of anything irritable or querulous, agreeably to -the placid and even tenor of his whole life.</p> - -<p>“He had, from the beginning of his malady, a distinct -view of his dissolution; and he contemplated it -with that entire composure which nothing but the innocence, -integrity, and usefulness of his life, and unaffected -submission to the will of Providence, could bestow. In -this situation he had every consolation from family tenderness, -which his own kindness to his family had indeed -well deserved.</p> - -<p>“Sir Joshua Reynolds was, on very many accounts, -one of the most memorable men of his time. He was -the first Englishman who added the praise of the elegant -arts to the other glories of his country. In taste, in grace, -in facility, in happy invention, and in the richness and -harmony of colouring, he was equal to the great masters -of the renowned ages. In portrait he was beyond them; -for he communicated to that description of the art, in -which English artists are the most engaged, a variety, -a fancy, and a dignity derived from the higher branches,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[145]</a></span> -which even those who professed them in a superior manner -did not always preserve, when they delineated individual -nature. His portraits remind the spectator of the invention -of history and the amenity of landscape. In -painting portraits, he appeared not to be raised upon -that platform, but to descend to it from a higher sphere. -His paintings illustrate his lessons; and his lessons seem -to be derived from his paintings. He possessed the -theory as perfectly as the practice of his art. To be -such a painter, he was a profound and penetrating -philosopher.</p> - -<p>“In full happiness of foreign and domestic fame, -admired by the expert in art, and by the learned in -science, courted by the great, caressed by sovereign powers, -and celebrated by distinguished poets, his native humility, -modesty, and candour never forsook him, even on surprise -or provocation, nor was the least degree of arrogance -or assumption visible to the most scrutinising eye, in any -part of his conduct or discourse.</p> - -<p>“His talents of every kind, powerful from nature, -and not meanly cultivated by letters—his social virtues -in all the relations and in all the habitudes of life—rendered -him the centre of a very great and unparalleled -variety of agreeable societies, which will be dissipated by -his death. He had too much merit not to excite some -jealousy, too much innocence to provoke any enmity. The -loss of no man of his time can be felt with more sincere, -general, and unmixed sorrow. ‘Hail! and farewell!’”</p> - -</div> - -<p>The following letter was addressed to me by my worthy -friend Colonel Phillips:<a name="FNanchor_255" id="FNanchor_255"></a><a href="#Footnote_255" class="fnanchor">[255]</a>—</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[146]</a></span></p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Dear Sir</span>,—If it was not for having you older than -your friends would wish you, I should be glad you had -been of the party, where I heard an argument between -Dr. Johnson and Sir Joshua Reynolds, on the wonderful -power of the human eye. Dr. Johnson made a quotation -which I do not remember. ‘Sir,’ said Sir Joshua, in -reply, ‘that divine effect is produced by the parts appertaining -to the eye, and not from its globe, as is generally -supposed; the skull must be justly proportioned.’</p> - -<p>“<i>Mrs. Cholmondeley.</i><a name="FNanchor_256" id="FNanchor_256"></a><a href="#Footnote_256" class="fnanchor">[256]</a>—‘My dear Sir Joshua, was -there nothing in the magic of Garrick’s eye? its comicality. -The Duke of Richmond, the Duke of Dorset, -and young Sheridan<a name="FNanchor_257" id="FNanchor_257"></a><a href="#Footnote_257" class="fnanchor">[257]</a> have superb eyes; but I don’t -know what effect they would have on the stage.’</p> - -<p>“<i>Sir Joshua.</i>—‘Little or none, Madam; the great -beauty of the Duke of Richmond’s eye proceeded from -its fine and uncommon colour, dark blue, which would -be totally lost on the stage, the light being constantly -either too high or too low. Garrick’s eye, unaccompanied -by the action of his mouth, would not fascinate. When -you are near a person, a pretty woman for instance, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[147]</a></span> -have a good light, the contraction and expansion of the -pupilla, which bids defiance to our art, is delightful; -it is more perceptible in fine grey and light blue eyes, -than in any other colour. We, however, cannot deny -the majestic look of the Belvedere Apollo, though unassisted -by iris, pupil, eye-lashes, or colour.’</p> - -<p>“<i>Dr. Johnson.</i>—‘Sir, a tiger’s eye, and, I am told, -a snake’s, will intimidate birds, so that they will drop -from trees for its prey, without using their wings.’</p> - -<p>“After Dr. Johnson had quaffed about twenty-four -cups of tea, he gave a blow of considerable length from -his mouth, drew his breath, and said, ‘Sir, I believe you -are right, it is but rational to suppose so: I wish that -rogue Burke was here.’</p> - -<p>“I am sorry, my dear Sir, that my memory is not -better, so as to give you verbatim what passed. I feel -like a person giving evidence in a court, trammelled by -the apprehension of saying too much, or, as a late friend -of mine said, ‘remembering a great many circumstances -that never happened;’ and I only write this to show -my readiness to comply with any request you could possibly -make of your obliged friend,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">M. Phillips</span>.”</p> - -<p>“If you ask how it comes, the faithful Bossy was -not present; Bossy was not always producible after -dinner.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 490px;" id="illus24"> - -<img src="images/illus24.jpg" width="490" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">RICHARD BRINSLEY SHERIDAN</p> - -<p class="caption">“Tell Lady Besborough that my eyes will look up to the coffin-lid as brightly as ever.”</p> - -</div> - -<p class="center">“<i>Wednesday, 27th March.</i></p> - -<p class="center">ROYAL BUN HOUSE, CHELSEA,</p> - -<p class="center">GOOD FRIDAY.</p> - -<p class="center"><i>No Cross Buns.</i></p> - -<p>“Mrs. Hand respectfully informs her friends, and -the public, that in consequence of the great concourse<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[148]</a></span> -of people which assembled before her house at a very -early hour, on the morning of Good Friday; by which -her neighbours (with whom she has always lived in friendship -and repute) have been much alarmed and annoyed; -it having also been intimated, that to encourage or -countenance a tumultuous assembly at this particular -period, might be attended with consequences more serious -than have hitherto been apprehended; desirous, therefore, -of testifying her regard and obedience to those laws -by which she is happily protected, she is determined, -though much to her loss, not to sell <em>Cross Buns</em> on that -day, to any person whatever;—but Chelsea Buns as -usual.</p> - -<p>“Mrs. Hand would be wanting in gratitude to a generous -public, who, for more than fifty years past, have so warmly -patronised and encouraged her shop, to omit so favourable -an opportunity of offering her sincere acknowledgments -for their kind favours; at the same time, to assure them -she will, to the utmost of her power, endeavour to merit a -continuance of them.”<a name="FNanchor_258" id="FNanchor_258"></a><a href="#Footnote_258" class="fnanchor">[258]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[149]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1794.</h3> - -<p>The origin of wooden tessellated floors having been a -subject of much inquiry among many of my friends, I here -insert a copy of an advertisement introduced in a catalogue -of books, published 1676, under the licence of Roger -L’Estrange.<a name="FNanchor_259" id="FNanchor_259"></a><a href="#Footnote_259" class="fnanchor">[259]</a></p> - -<p>“There is now in the press, and almost finished, that -excellent piece of architecture,<a name="FNanchor_260" id="FNanchor_260"></a><a href="#Footnote_260" class="fnanchor">[260]</a> written by Andrea Palladio, -translated out of Italian, with an Appendix, touching -Doors and Windows, by Pierre le Muet, Architect to the -French King: translated out of French, by G. R.; also -Rules and Demonstrations, with several designs for the -framing any manner of Roofs, either above pitch, or under -pitch, whether square or bevel; never published before; -with designs of Floors of Variety of small pieces of Wood, -lately made in the Palace of the Queen-Mother, at Somerset -House—a curiosity never practised in England.</p> - -<p>“The third Edition, corrected and enlarged, with the new -model of the Cathedral of St. Paul’s as it is now building.”</p> - -<p>The floors of the oldest parts of the British Museum,<a name="FNanchor_261" id="FNanchor_261"></a><a href="#Footnote_261" class="fnanchor">[261]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[150]</a></span> -retained specimens of this tessellated work, until they were -removed on the construction of the new building.</p> - -<h3>1795.</h3> - -<p>Having often heard my father expatiate upon the -extraordinary talents of Keyse,<a name="FNanchor_262" id="FNanchor_262"></a><a href="#Footnote_262" class="fnanchor">[262]</a> the proprietor of Bermondsey -Spa, as a painter, I went one July evening to -Hungerford, and engaged “Copper Holmes”<a name="FNanchor_263" id="FNanchor_263"></a><a href="#Footnote_263" class="fnanchor">[263]</a> to scull me -to “Pepper Alley Stairs”; from thence I proceeded to the -gardens. This I was the more anxious to accomplish, as -that once famed place of recreation was most rapidly on -the decline. I entered under a semicircular awning next -to the proprietor’s house, which I well remember was a -large wooden-fronted building, consisting of long square -divisions, in imitation of scantlings of stone. My surprise -was great, for no one appeared, but three idle waiters, -and they were clumped for the want of a call. The space -before the orchestra, which was about a quarter the size -of that of Vauxhall, was in the centre, totally destitute -of trees, the few that these gardens could then boast of -being those planted close to the fronts of the surrounding -boxes of accommodation, as a screen to prevent the -public from overlooking the gardens.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[151]</a></span></p> - -<p>My attention was attracted by a board with a ruffled -hand, within a sky-blue painted sleeve, pointing to the -staircase which led “To the Gallery of Paintings.” In -this room I at first considered myself as the only spectator; -and as the evening sun shone brilliantly, the refraction of -the lights gave me a splendid and uninterrupted view -of the numerous pictures with which it was closely hung, -each of which had just claims to my attention, as I found -myself frequently walking backwards to enjoy their deceptive -effects. When I had gone round the gallery, which -by the bye was oblong, and in size similar to that of -the Academician, J. M. W. Turner, in Queen Anne Street, -I voluntarily recommenced my view, but, in stepping back -to study the picture of the Green-stall, “I ask your -pardon,” said I, for I had trodden upon some one’s toes; -“Sir, it is granted,” replied a little thick-set man, with a -round face, arch look, closely curled wig, surmounted by a -small three-cornered hat, put very knowingly on one side, -not unlike Hogarth’s head in his print of the Gates of -Calais. “You are an artist, I presume; I noticed you from -the end of the gallery when you first stepped back to look -at my best picture. I painted all the objects in this room -from nature and still life.” “Your Greengrocer’s Shop,” -said I, “is inimitable; the drops of water on that Savoy -appear as if they had just fallen from the element. Van -Huysum could not have pencilled them with greater -delicacy.” “What do you think,” said he, “of my -Butcher’s Shop?” “Your pluck is bleeding fresh, and -your sweetbread is in a clean plate.” “How do you like -my bull’s eye?” “Why it would be a most excellent one -for Adams or Dollond<a name="FNanchor_264" id="FNanchor_264"></a><a href="#Footnote_264" class="fnanchor">[264]</a> to lecture upon. Your knuckle<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[152]</a></span> -of veal is the finest I ever saw.” “It’s young meat,” -replied he; “any one who is a judge of meat can tell that -from the blueness of its bone.” “What a beautiful white -you have used on the fat of that South Down leg! or is it -Bagshot?”<a name="FNanchor_265" id="FNanchor_265"></a><a href="#Footnote_265" class="fnanchor">[265]</a></p> - -<p>“Yes,” said he, “my solitary visitor, it is Bagshot; -and as for my white, that is the best Nottingham, which -you or any artist can procure at Stone and Puncheon’s, -in Bishopsgate Street Within. Sir Joshua Reynolds,” -continued Mr. Keyse, “paid me two visits. On the second, -he asked me what white I had used; and when I told him, -he observed, ‘It is very extraordinary, Sir, how it keeps -so bright; I use the same.’ ‘Not at all, Sir,’ I rejoined: -‘the doors of this gallery are open day and night; and the -admission of fresh air, together with the great expansion -of light from the sashes above, will never suffer the white -to turn yellow. Have you not observed, Sir Joshua, how -white the posts and rails on the public roads are, though -they have not been repainted for years?—that arises from -constant air and bleaching.’</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 520px;" id="illus25"> - -<img src="images/illus25.jpg" width="520" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">J. M. W. TURNER, R.A.</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">FROM A WATER-COLOUR SKETCH BY J. T. SMITH</p> - -</div> - -<p>“Come,” said Mr. Keyse, putting his hand upon my -shoulder, “the bell rings, not for prayers, nor for dinner, -but for the song.” As soon as we had reached the orchestra, -the singer curtsied to us, for we were the only persons in -the gardens. “This is sad work,” said he, “but the woman<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[153]</a></span> -must sing according to our contract.” I recollect that -the singer was handsome, most dashingly dressed, immensely -plumed, and villainously rouged; she smiled as she -sang, but it was not the bewitching smile of Mrs. Wrighten,<a name="FNanchor_266" id="FNanchor_266"></a><a href="#Footnote_266" class="fnanchor">[266]</a> -then applauded by thousands at Vauxhall Gardens. As -soon as the Spa lady had ended her song, Keyse, after joining -me in applause, apologised for doing so, by observing that, -as he never suffered his servants to applaud, and as the -people in the road (whose ears were close to the cracks in -the paling to hear the song), would make a bad report if -they had not heard more than the clapping of one pair of -hands, he had in this instance expressed his reluctant -feelings.</p> - -<p>As the lady retired from the front of the orchestra, -she, to keep herself in practice, curtsied to me with as much -respect as she would had Colonel Topham been the patron -of a gala night.<a name="FNanchor_267" id="FNanchor_267"></a><a href="#Footnote_267" class="fnanchor">[267]</a> “This is too bad,” again observed Keyse; -“and I am sure you cannot expect fireworks!” However, -he politely asked me to partake of a bottle of Lisbon, -which upon my refusing, he pressed me to accept of a -catalogue of his pictures.</p> - -<p>Blewitt<a name="FNanchor_268" id="FNanchor_268"></a><a href="#Footnote_268" class="fnanchor">[268]</a> (who at that time lived in Bermondsey<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[154]</a></span> -Square), the scholar of Jonathan Battishill,<a name="FNanchor_269" id="FNanchor_269"></a><a href="#Footnote_269" class="fnanchor">[269]</a> was the composer -for the Spa establishment. The following verse is the -first of his most admired composition,—“In lonely cot by -Humber’s side.”</p> - -<p>My old and worthy friend <em>Joseph</em> Caulfield,<a name="FNanchor_270" id="FNanchor_270"></a><a href="#Footnote_270" class="fnanchor">[270]</a> Blewitt’s -favourite pupil, of whom he learned thorough bass, related -to me the following anecdote of a musical composer, as -told him by his master:—“When I was going upstairs,” -said Blewitt, “to the attics, where one of my instructors -lived (for I had many), I hesitated on the second-floor -landing-place, upon hearing my master and his wife at high -words. ‘Get you gone!’ said the lofty paper-ruffled composer, -‘retire to your apartments!’ This command of -her lord she did not immediately obey; however, in a short -time after, I heard the clattering of plates against the wall, -and upon entering the room, I discovered that the lady -had retired, but not before she had covered the whitewashed -wall profusely with the unbroiled sprats.”</p> - -<p>“I was at a musical party,” continued my friend -Joseph, “at Lord Sandwich’s,<a name="FNanchor_271" id="FNanchor_271"></a><a href="#Footnote_271" class="fnanchor">[271]</a> in Hertford Street, Mayfair,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[155]</a></span> -when, among other specimens of the best masters, I heard -Battishill’s beautiful composition of</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Amidst the myrtles as I walk,</div> -<div class="verse">Love and myself thus entered talk,</div> -<div class="verse">‘Tell me,’ said I, in deep distress,</div> -<div class="verse">‘Where I may find my Shepherdess.’”<a name="FNanchor_272" id="FNanchor_272"></a><a href="#Footnote_272" class="fnanchor">[272]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Upon expressing my pleasure at hearing the above performed -in so superior a style, his Lordship told me he -had written a sequel, which he thus repeated:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Love said to me, ‘Thou faithful swain,</div> -<div class="verse">Thy search in myrtle groves is vain;</div> -<div class="verse">Examine well thy noblest part,</div> -<div class="verse">Thou’lt find her seated in thy heart.’”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>It appears that in poetry, as well as in painting and -prints, and also in dwellings, decorations, and dress, -there has ever been a fashion for a time. Battishill was -the composer of that justly celebrated glee, commencing -with “Underneath this <em>myrtle</em> shade.” Myrtles, after -having had a great run, were succeeded by Cupid’s darts; -and that little rogue Love played <em>old gooseberry</em> with -the hearts of Chloes and Colins, Robins and Robinets; -then the ever-blooming lasses of Patterdale and Richmond -Hill attracted our giddy notice. These were succeeded<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[156]</a></span> -by “Bacchus in green ivy bound,” giving “Joy -and pleasure all around.” After that, moonlight meetings -were preferred, and “Buy a broom, ladies,” was continually -dinning our ears “through and through.”</p> - -<h3>1796.</h3> - -<p>In the summer of this year, the late John Wigston, -Esq., then of Millfield House, Edmonton, having repeatedly -expressed a wish to see the famous George Morland before -he commenced a collection of his pictures, I having been -known to that child of nature in my boyish days, offered -to introduce them to each other.<a name="FNanchor_273" id="FNanchor_273"></a><a href="#Footnote_273" class="fnanchor">[273]</a> Morland then resided -in Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Square, in the house formerly -inhabited by Sir Thomas Apreece. He received us in -the drawing-room, which was filled with easels, canvases, -stretching-frames, gallipots of colour, and oil-stones; -a stool, chair, and a three-legged table were the only -articles of furniture of which this once splendid apartment -could then boast. Mr. Wigston, his generous-hearted -visitor, immediately bespoke a picture, for which -he gave him a draft for forty pounds, that sum being -exactly the money he then wanted; but this gentleman -had, like most of that artist’s employers, to ply him close -for his picture.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 440px;" id="illus26"> - -<img src="images/illus26.jpg" width="440" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">GEORGE MORLAND</p> - -<p class="caption">“There! go back and tell the pawnbroker to advance me five guineas more upon it.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>As Mrs. Wigston had a great desire to see Morland, -he was invited to take a day’s sport with the hounds, -which the artist accepted, with a full assurance of punctuality. -However, as usual with that eccentric man, he -only arrived time enough for dinner, accompanied by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[157]</a></span> -eight of those persons denominated <em>his friends</em>. Mrs. -Wigston, an elegant and most accomplished lady, was in -consequence deprived of a sight of this far-famed genius. -I was deputed by my honoured friend Mr. Wigston to -take Mrs. Wigston’s abdicated chair, and carved for this -pretty set, consisting of persons unaccustomed to sit -at such a table. Our worthy host soon discovered their -strong propensity for spirituous liquors, three of them -even during dinner, instead of taking wine, of which -there were many sorts on the table, calling for a glass of -brandy. After hearing several jokes and humorous songs -from some of the party, George Morland declared he -must go, having an engagement with Mrs. Laye, and -other friends, at “Otter’s Pool.”<a name="FNanchor_274" id="FNanchor_274"></a><a href="#Footnote_274" class="fnanchor">[274]</a></p> - -<p>When Morland and his party entered the stable-yard, -the following altercation took place between Mr. Wigston -and his groom.</p> - -<p><i>Mr. Wigston.</i>—“Bring out these gentlemen’s horses.”</p> - -<p><i>Groom.</i>—“Horses, horses! they’ll find ’um at the -‘Two Jolly Brewers.’ Horses, indeed!”</p> - -<p><i>Mr. Wigston.</i>—“And why, Sir, were they sent there?”</p> - -<p><i>Groom.</i>—“Why, I would not suffer such cattle to -come near your stud; for I never saw such a set-out in -my life!”</p> - -<p>The party accordingly betook themselves to the -“Brewers”; but upon our return to the honest though -rough diamond of a groom, he observed that it was past -two o’clock, and that the dog ought to have been let -loose two hours ago!</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[158]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1797.</h3> - -<p>Although my mother continued till the time of her -death in the habit of the Society of Friends, and my father -followed most of the popular Methodists, I, from my -earliest days of reflection, gave a preference to the Established -Church of England. Notwithstanding this, my -inquisitiveness now and then induced me to hear celebrated -preachers of every sect. I remember one Sunday morning -in this year, after intending to enter some church on -my way to dine with my great-aunt on Camberwell Green, -my ears were most agreeably greeted with the swelling -pipes of the Surrey Chapel organ.<a name="FNanchor_275" id="FNanchor_275"></a><a href="#Footnote_275" class="fnanchor">[275]</a> Why, thinks I to -myself, should not I hear Rowland Hill? Surely it -must be now full twenty years since I saw him in Moorfields, -at my last visit to the Tabernacle. In I accordingly -went; and though a smile with me was always -deemed highly indecorous during divine worship, yet -the truth must out; I could not help sometimes laughing—as -heartily, though not so loudly, I hope, as all of us -when led into the enjoyment of Momus’s strongest fits -by the inimitable Mathews.</p> - -<p>No sooner was the sermon over and the blessing<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[159]</a></span> -bestowed, than Rowland electrified his hearers by vociferating, -“Door-keepers, shut the doors!” Slam went one -door; bounce went another; bang went a third; at last, -all being anxiously silent as the most importantly unexpected -scenes of Sir Walter Scott could make them, the -pastor, with a slow and dulcet emphasis, thus addressed -his congregation:—“My dearly beloved, I speak it to -my shame, that this sermon was to have been a charity -sermon, and if you will only look down into the green -pew at those—let me see—three and three are six, and -one makes seven, young men with red morocco prayer-books -in their hands, poor souls! they were backsliders, -for they went on the Serpentine River, and other far -distant waters, on a Sabbath; they were, however, as -you see, all saved from a watery grave. I need not tell -ye that my exertions were to have been for the benefit -of that benevolent institution the Humane Society.—<em>What!</em> -I see some of ye already up to be gone; fie! fie! -fie!—never heed your dinners; don’t be Calibans, nor -mind your pockets. I know that some of ye are now -attending to the devil’s whispers. I say, listen to me! -take my advice, give shillings instead of sixpences; and -those who intended to give shillings, display half-crowns, -in order not only to thwart the foul fiend’s mischievousness, -but to get your pastor out of this scrape; and if -you do, I trust Satan will never put his foot within this -circle again. Hark ye! I have hit upon it; ye shall -leave us directly. The Bank Directors, you must know, -have called in the dollars; now, if any of you happen -to be encumbered with a stale dollar or two, jingle the -Spanish in our dishes; we’ll take them, they’ll pass current -here. Stay, my friends, a moment more. I am to dine -with the Humane Society on Tuesday next, and it would<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[160]</a></span> -shock me beyond expression to see the strings of the -Surrey Chapel lay dangle down its sides like the tags -upon Lady Huntingdon’s servants’ shoulders. Now, -mind what I say, upon this occasion I wish for a bumper -as strenuously as Master Hugh Peters did, when he recommended -his congregation in Broadway Chapel to -take a second glass.” It is recorded that when he found -the sand of his hour-glass had descended, he turned it, -saying, “Come, I know you to be jolly dogs, we’ll take -t’other glass.”<a name="FNanchor_276" id="FNanchor_276"></a><a href="#Footnote_276" class="fnanchor">[276]</a> I understand that Rowland Hill is -not made up of veneer, but of solid well-seasoned stuff, -with a heart of oak, and ever willing to exercise kindness -to his fellow-creatures, upon the system of my friend -Charles Lamb.<a name="FNanchor_277" id="FNanchor_277"></a><a href="#Footnote_277" class="fnanchor">[277]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 480px;" id="illus27"> - -<img src="images/illus27.jpg" width="480" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">ROWLAND HILL</p> - -<p class="caption">“His ideas come red hot from the heart.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>Sheridan</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p>In May this year I applied to my worthy friend, Mr. -John Constable, now a Royal Academician, for any particulars -which he might be able to procure respecting -Gainsborough, he being also a Suffolk man; and I had the -pleasure of receiving the following letter:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">East Bergholt</span>, <i>7th May, 1797</i>.</p> - -<p>“<i>Dear Friend Smith</i>,—If you remember, in my -last I promised to write again soon, and tell you what -I could about Gainsborough. I hope you will not -think me negligent when I inform you that I have not -been able to learn anything of consequence respecting -him: I can assure you it is not for the want of asking -that I have not been successful, for indeed I have<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[161]</a></span> -talked with those who knew him. I believe in Ipswich -they did not know his value till they lost him. He belonged -to something of a musical club in that town, and painted -some of their portraits in a picture of a choir; it is said to -be very curious.</p> - -<p>“I heard it was in Colchester; I shall endeavour to see -it before I come to town, which will be soon. He was -generally the butt of the company, and his wig was to them -a fund of amusement, as it was often snatched from his -head and thrown about the room, etc.; but enough of this. -I shall now give you a few lines verbatim, which my friend -Dr. Hamilton, of Ipswich, was so good as to send me; -though it amounts to nothing, I am obliged to him for taking -the commission.</p> - -<p>“‘I have not been neglectful of the inquiries respecting -Gainsborough, but have learned nothing worth your notice. -There is no vale or grove distinguished by his name in this -neighbourhood. There is a place up the river-side where -he often sat to sketch, on account of the beauty of the -landscape, its extensiveness, and richness in variety, both -in the fore and back grounds. It comprehended Bramford -and other distant villages on one side; and on the other -side of the river extended towards Nacton, etc. Friston -alehouse must have been near, for it seems he has introduced -the Boot signpost in many of his best pictures. -Smart and Frost<a name="FNanchor_278" id="FNanchor_278"></a><a href="#Footnote_278" class="fnanchor">[278]</a> (two drawing-masters in Ipswich) often -go there now to take views; whether they be inspired<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[162]</a></span> -from pressing the same sod with any of this great painter’s -genius, you are a better judge than I am. Farewell.’</p> - -<p>“This, my dear friend, is the little all I have yet gained, -but though I have been unsuccessful, it does not follow -that I should relinquish my inquiries. If you want to -know the exact time of his birth, I will take a ride over to -Sudbury, and look into the register.<a name="FNanchor_279" id="FNanchor_279"></a><a href="#Footnote_279" class="fnanchor">[279]</a> There is an exceeding -fine picture of his painting at Mr. Kilderby’s, in Ipswich.</p> - -<p>“Since I last wrote to you I have made another attempt -at etching; have succeeded a little better, but yet fall very -short. I shall send you an impression soon.</p> - -<p>“I doubt there is nothing in my last parcel of cottages -worth your notice; am obliged to you for the little sketch -after Hobbima. I understand the present exhibition is -a very good one; I understand Sir G. Beaumont excels. -My friend Gubbins informs me that you have finished Lady -Plomer’s Palace,<a name="FNanchor_280" id="FNanchor_280"></a><a href="#Footnote_280" class="fnanchor">[280]</a> and that you have made a sketch from -the fire in the Minories; surely it must have put our -friend C——h to the rout.<a name="FNanchor_281" id="FNanchor_281"></a><a href="#Footnote_281" class="fnanchor">[281]</a> Thine sincerely,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">John Constable</span>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[163]</a></span></p> - -<p>Mrs. Pope, the actress, died this year in Half Moon -Street, Piccadilly, and was buried in the cloisters of Westminster -Abbey.<a name="FNanchor_282" id="FNanchor_282"></a><a href="#Footnote_282" class="fnanchor">[282]</a></p> - -<p>Being anxious to add something more to the memory of -this amiable character, I applied to her surviving husband; -when that gentleman very obligingly favoured me with -the following copy of a record, which he made soon after -her death:—</p> - -<p>“The best of women and the best of wives drew her last -breath at half-past two o’clock on Wednesday morning, -the 15th of March, 1797.</p> - -<p>“Her illness lasted about seven weeks; her complaint -palsy, beginning in her head, and depriving her of the use of -her left hand. Her death was an awful lesson; her loss -irreparable.”<a name="FNanchor_283" id="FNanchor_283"></a><a href="#Footnote_283" class="fnanchor">[283]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[164]</a></span></p> - -<p>In the room with the bow-window on the first-floor -of the same house, Mr. Pope<a name="FNanchor_284" id="FNanchor_284"></a><a href="#Footnote_284" class="fnanchor">[284]</a> produced some excellent -portraits in crayons, of persons of the first fashion, many -of them little inferior in every respect to those of the -celebrated Francis Cotes;<a name="FNanchor_285" id="FNanchor_285"></a><a href="#Footnote_285" class="fnanchor">[285]</a> the inimitable whole-length -portrait of Grattan, of which there is an engraving, will -be a lasting and mutual record of the artist and patriot. -The following letter, given to me by my late worthy friend -Dr. Mathew, was written by Mrs. Pope, to her friend Mrs. -Mathew, of Rathbone Place:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Dublin</span>, <i>July 6th</i>.</p> - -<p>“I flatter myself that my ever loved and most highly -esteemed friends will be pleased to receive the assurance of -my health, and to know that I am in the possession of as -much comfort as <em>my</em> mind is capable to receive out of -England. Thank God, all things as yet go on well, and -the exertions of business do not seem to do that injury to -my health which I had great reason to fear. We have -acted six nights, <cite>Jane Shore</cite> first, a <em>very great</em> house, <em>well -received</em>, and Pope’s speech to <em>Gloster</em> twice repeated, -which I think proves in a great degree the loyalty of the -people.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[165]</a></span></p> - -<p>“<em>Gloster’s</em> speech, thus:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“‘What if some patriot for the public good</div> -<div class="verse">Should vary from your scheme,—new mould the State?</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“‘<i>Hastings.</i>—Curse on the innovating hand that ’tempts it!</div> -<div class="verse">Remember him, the villain, righteous Heaven,</div> -<div class="verse">In thy great day of vengeance: blast the traitor</div> -<div class="verse">And his pernicious counsels; who for wealth,</div> -<div class="verse">For power, the pride of greatness, or revenge,</div> -<div class="verse">Would plunge his native land in civil wars.’</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>“It is impossible to describe the effect this speech -had on the audience. I think you would have been gratified -to have heard it; it is the first time a speech in a tragedy -was ever repeated. Perhaps it proves the loyalty of this -city. I hear there are sad doings in the country parts of -Ireland; I trust we shall meet with nothing of it: we stay -in Dublin all this month, then go to Cork. Our second -characters were <em>Mr.</em> and <em>Mrs. Beverley</em>, highly esteemed -and greatly spoken of; third, <em>Belvidera</em> and <em>Jaffier</em>—with -good success. Their last new play, <cite>How to grow Rich</cite>, twice; -and yesterday <cite>Elizabeth</cite> and <cite>Essex</cite>, which, by the way, -Pope acted well. Next week <cite>Columbus</cite>. I count the -nights, though now I trust I shall be able to go through -them all. So much for myself.</p> - -<p>“And now, my friends, let me beg that you will favour -me with a little account of yourselves. I ardently wish -to hear that you are all well and happy, in the full possession -of that <em>true felicity</em>, which your goodness of heart -so justly merits. God bless you both! Mr. Pope unites -with me in respectful remembrance to the Baron, and -affectionate esteem to the whole family, particularly in -respect and affection to Mrs. and Miss Mathew. Adieu:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[166]</a></span> -I don’t like to leave off, and yet I hardly think you can read -what I have already written.</p> - -<p>“Ever your most affectionate</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">E. Pope</span>.”</p> - -</div> - -<h3>1798.</h3> - -<p>This year, in consequence of the death of Mr. Green,<a name="FNanchor_286" id="FNanchor_286"></a><a href="#Footnote_286" class="fnanchor">[286]</a> -who had been drawing-master to Christ’s Hospital, I stood -candidate for the situation; and, though I was unsuccessful, -my testimonials being so flattering, I cannot withstand -the temptation of printing them, whatever may be said by -my enemies, who may not be able to produce anything -half so honourable.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“May 10th, 1798.</p> - -<p>“We whose names are subscribed, having seen specimens -of drawings by John Thomas Smith, are of opinion -that he is qualified for the office of drawing-master in -the school of Christ’s Hospital.</p> - -<p>I not only think him qualified as an artist, but greatly to be -respected as a man.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">Benjamin West, Prest. R.A.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>Being not personally acquainted with Mr. J. T. Smith, I have -examined his performances, and I think him well qualified for the -above office.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">J. F. Rigaud, R.A.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>I have known him from a child, and think him an honest man -and well <em>qualified</em> for the office.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">Joseph Nollekens, R.A.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[167]</a></span></p> - -<p>I have long been acquainted with Mr. J. T. Smith’s merits as -a good artist and a worthy man.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">John Flaxman</span>, Jun., Sculptor, Associate R.A.;<br />R.A. of Florence and Carrara.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>We subscribe to the above opinion.—</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">W. Beechey, R.A.</span> elect.</li> -<li><span class="smcap">W. Hamilton, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Thomas Stothard, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">John Russell, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">J. Bacon, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">T. Banks, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">James Barry, R.A.</span>, Professor of Painting.</li> -<li><span class="smcap">John Opie, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">R. Cosway, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">James Northcote, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Jos. Farington, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Richard Westall, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Henry Fuseli, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">H. Copley, R.A.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>I have long known Mr. Smith as an artist and respectable man, -and believe him to be perfectly capable of filling the office he solicits -with honour.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">P. Reinagle, A.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>We subscribe to the above opinion.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">Francis Bartolozzi, R.A.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Richard Collins.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Caleb Whitefoord.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>We have known Mr. Smith for upwards of fourteen years, and -we have found him an able drawing-master to our daughter, whose -drawings he has never touched upon; a practice too often followed -by drawing-masters in general: and we believe him to be a truly -valuable member of society, as a husband, father, and good man.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">James Winter Lake.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Jessy Lake.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>We can never subscribe our names with greater satisfaction, -than in signifying the very high opinion we have of Mr. Smith, -both as to his talents and character.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">James Lake.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">Atwill Lake.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>I fully subscribe to the above opinion,</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">Richard Wyatt</span>, Milton Place.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>I believe Mr. Smith to be a very deserving man, and well qualified -for the situation he is ambitious of obtaining.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">John Charles Crowle.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>Thomas Allen has a great respect for Mr. Smith, both as a -man and an artist.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">Joseph Williamson, A.M.</span>, Vicar of St. Dunstan in the West.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[168]</a></span></p> - -<p>I am personally acquainted with Mr. J. T. Smith, and esteem -him one of the best of men.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">John Boydell</span>, Alderman.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>I am happy to bear testimony to the character of Mr. Smith -as a man, and to find him so highly respected as an artist.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">T. Thomson.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>I have long known Mr. Smith to be an ingenious artist, an -able instructor, and a benevolent and honest man.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">John Cranch.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>I have known Mr. Smith many years, and believe him very -capable of filling the office of drawing-master to Christ’s Hospital -with credit to himself and advantage to the charity.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">Henry Howard.</span></li> -</ul> -</div> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">J. Swainson.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">T. Whittingham.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">J. Nixon</span>, Basinghall Street.</li> -<li><span class="smcap">Henry Smith</span>, Drapers’ Hall.</li> -<li><span class="smcap">Alex. Lean Smyth</span>, the Hudson’s Bay Company.</li> -<li><span class="smcap">Arthur Ball</span>, }</li> -<li><span class="smcap">John Broome</span>, } Hudson’s Bay House</li> -<li><span class="smcap">George Whitehead</span>, Cateaton Street.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>Providence, which placed me next door to Mr. J. T. Smith for -several years, made me intimately acquainted with a faithful -husband, an affectionate father, and an honest man.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">Charles Gower, M.D.</span>”</li> -</ul> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 535px;" id="illus28"> - -<img src="images/illus28.jpg" width="535" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">JAMES BARRY, R.A.</p> - -<p class="caption">“I reflect with horror upon such a fellow as I am, and with such a kind of art, with house-rent to pay -and employers to look for.”</p> - -</div> - -<h3>1799.</h3> - -<p>On the 4th of August this year, died at his mansion -in Rutland Square, Dublin, the Right Hon. James, Earl -of Charlemont,<a name="FNanchor_287" id="FNanchor_287"></a><a href="#Footnote_287" class="fnanchor">[287]</a> who was born 18th of August, 1728.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[169]</a></span> -This gentleman was truly a nobleman, for he was one of -the greatest patrons of the fine arts this country could -boast of. He was the great friend of Hogarth; bought -many of his pictures, particularly that most elegant -performance so justly celebrated under the title of “The -Lady’s Last Stake,” so admirably engraven by Mr. -Cheesman.<a name="FNanchor_288" id="FNanchor_288"></a><a href="#Footnote_288" class="fnanchor">[288]</a> The following is a copy of an original letter -given to me by a late worthy friend; it is addressed to -the late Sir Lawrence Parsons, Bart.,<a name="FNanchor_289" id="FNanchor_289"></a><a href="#Footnote_289" class="fnanchor">[289]</a> and written by -Lord Charlemont within eight months of his Lordship’s -death.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Dublin</span>, <i>12th Jan., 1799</i>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">My dear Sir Lawrence</span>,—As nothing has ever -affected me with more painful astonishment than the -shameful apathy and consequent silence of the country -at the present desperate crisis of our fate as a nation, -so have I experienced few more real pleasures than in -having found, by the public papers, that a meeting -of your county, at least, has been called; a pleasure -which, though principally derived from my ardent -zeal for the public service, is still further increased<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[170]</a></span> -by my friendship for you, as I am too well acquainted -with your sentiments to doubt for a moment that such -call has been in the highest degree satisfactory and flattering -to your feelings. Neither can I entertain the slightest -apprehension that the result of any meeting of Irishmen -will be other than the firm and spirited condemnation -of a measure, replete with every disgrace and danger -in their country. Never, indeed, were my beloved -countrymen so forcibly called upon as at the present -emergency, maturely to form their opinions and to speak -aloud the dictates of their hearts. Their ancestors call -upon them from their graves to preserve those national -rights which they have transmitted to them. Their -children from their cradles, with mute but prevailing -eloquence, beseech them to protect and to defend their -birthrights; and, with a more awful voice, their country -calls upon them not by their silence to betray her dearest -interests, or by their supineness to leave <em>her</em> enslaved -whom they found free! Thus invoked, is it possible -that Irishmen should remain silent?</p> - -<p>“But surely I need dwell no longer upon a subject -with which you are so much better acquainted; and, -indeed, the state of my health, and particularly of my -eyes, is such as to render it impossible for me to write -more.—I must therefore, however unwillingly, conclude -by assuring you that I am, and ever shall be, my dearest -Parsons, your most faithful and truly affectionate</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Charlemont</span>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>In this year, James Barry, the painter of those mighty -pictures on the walls of the great room of the Society -of Arts, received a severe blow by having his name erased -from those of the Royal Academicians by King George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[171]</a></span> -who believed what had been represented respecting the -Professor’s conduct in the Royal Academy.<a name="FNanchor_290" id="FNanchor_290"></a><a href="#Footnote_290" class="fnanchor">[290]</a></p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Buckingham Street, Fitzroy Square.</span></p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Dear Sir</span>,—Permit me to thank you for the satisfaction -of having seen that curious monument of English antiquity, -St. Stephen’s Chapel, Westminster, when the ancient architecture -and painting were discovered by the removal -of the modern wainscot, which formed the interior of -the House of Commons.</p> - -<p>“Notwithstanding this branch of antiquity has never -been my particular pursuit, I am highly gratified to see -such materials in the general history of art rescued from -oblivion by publication, for which, Sir, we are indebted -to your zeal and industry, as some of the interesting -pictures were effaced soon after their discovery, by ignorant -curiosity; in addition to the careless and ruinous manner -in which the discovery itself was made, of which circumstances -I complained to several persons on the spot,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[172]</a></span> -particularly to the Rev. Mr. Brand,<a name="FNanchor_291" id="FNanchor_291"></a><a href="#Footnote_291" class="fnanchor">[291]</a> Secretary to the -Antiquarian Society.</p> - -<p>“As the best testimony I can give to the fidelity and -ability of your publication, give me leave to subscribe my -name for a copy of the work, and to offer such assistance -as I can give, in general observations on the arts of design, -when St. Stephen’s Chapel was in its splendour.</p> - -<p>“I remain, dear Sir, with great regard, your much -obliged</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">John Flaxman</span>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>The admission of one hundred additional members -into the House of Commons, arising from the union with -Ireland, obliged Mr. Wyatt to cut away the side-walls -of the room internally, in order to make recesses for two -extra benches.<a name="FNanchor_292" id="FNanchor_292"></a><a href="#Footnote_292" class="fnanchor">[292]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus29"> - -<img src="images/illus29.jpg" width="650" height="490" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">THE OLD HOUSE OF COMMONS</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[173]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1801.</h3> - -<p>In the autumn of this year I passed a most agreeable -day with the Hon. Hussey Delaval,<a name="FNanchor_293" id="FNanchor_293"></a><a href="#Footnote_293" class="fnanchor">[293]</a> at his house near -Parliament Stairs.<a name="FNanchor_294" id="FNanchor_294"></a><a href="#Footnote_294" class="fnanchor">[294]</a> This learned and communicative -gentleman, among whose works that on Colours is generally -considered the most interesting, was as friendly to me, -as the jealousy of that well-known odd compound of -nature, my antagonist, John Carter,<a name="FNanchor_295" id="FNanchor_295"></a><a href="#Footnote_295" class="fnanchor">[295]</a> who was of our -party, would allow; for with that artist’s opinions as to -Gothic architecture, Mr. Delaval so entirely coincided,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[174]</a></span> -that he employed him to provide the ornamental decorations -of his house, which were mostly in putty mixed -with sand, and in some instances cast from the decorations -of several Gothic structures, particularly Westminster -Abbey. This house was originally fire-proof, the floors -being of stone or composition, and the window-sashes -of cast iron, but since the death of Mr. Delaval, wood -has been substituted for the sashes and other parts.</p> - -<p>The apartments are ten in number, besides small -offices. The lower rooms consist of two halls: in the -north wall of the first are three pretty Gothic recesses -for seats, for servants or persons in waiting; the second -hall is filled with Gothic figures placed upon brackets -under canopies. The chimney-piece and other parts of -the dining-parlour looking over the Thames, are decorated -in a similar manner; the kitchen is on the same floor -towards the north. The staircase leading to the first-floor -is a truly tasteful little specimen, not equalled by -anything at Strawberry Hill, which, by reason of Mr. -Bentley’s<a name="FNanchor_296" id="FNanchor_296"></a><a href="#Footnote_296" class="fnanchor">[296]</a> fancy mouldings interfering so often with -parts which are really chaste, must be considered a <em>mule</em> -building. The drawing-room and library also look over -the water. On the same floor are two bed-chambers -towards the west; above which are two attics, with a -door opening upon the embattled leads over the drawing-room.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[175]</a></span> -Upon these leads we took our wine—attended -by female servants only, as Mr. Delaval never would -allow a man-servant to enter the house, but with messages—and -here enjoyed the glowing, Cuyp-like effect of the -sun upon west-country barges laden either with blocks -of stone or fresh-cut timber, objects ever picturesque -on the water. Mr. Delaval was so pleased with this -scenery, and the pencil of my friend G. Arnald, Associate -of the Royal Academy, that he bespoke two pictures -of him, Views up and down the River, the figures in which, -by the order of Mr. Delaval, were painted by his friend -G. F. Joseph, A.R.A. They were exhibited at Somerset -House.<a name="FNanchor_297" id="FNanchor_297"></a><a href="#Footnote_297" class="fnanchor">[297]</a></p> - -<h3>1802.</h3> - -<p>How often do we find peculiar attachments and propensities -in the minds of persons of reported good understanding. -Within my time, many men have indulged -most ridiculously in their eccentricities. I have known -one who had made a pretty large fortune in business, get -up at four o’clock in the morning and walk the streets to -pick up horseshoes which had been slipped in the course -of the night, with no other motive than to see how many -he could accumulate in a year. I also remember a rich<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[176]</a></span> -soap-boiler who never missed an opportunity of pocketing -nails, pieces of iron hoops, and bits of leather, in his daily -walks; and these he would spread upon a large walnut-tree -three-flapped dining-table, with a similar view to that of -the above-mentioned gentleman. This wealthy citizen -would often put on a red woollen cap, in shape like those -worn by slaughter-house men, and a waggoner’s frock, -in order to stoke his own furnace; after which, he would -dress, get into his coach, and, attended by tall servants -in bright blue liveries, drive to his villa, where his hungry -friends were waiting his arrival.</p> - -<p>The allusion to these peculiarities, which certainly are -harmless, will serve by way of prelude to a more extraordinary -one. The late Duke of Roxburgh,<a name="FNanchor_298" id="FNanchor_298"></a><a href="#Footnote_298" class="fnanchor">[298]</a> whose wonderful -library will ever be spoken of with the highest delight -by bibliomaniacs, had an attachment to the portraits of -malefactors as closely as Rowland Hill to his petted toad. -I made many drawings of such characters for his Grace -during their trials or confinement; that which I made this -year, was of Governor Wall, whose trial produced much -discussion.<a name="FNanchor_299" id="FNanchor_299"></a><a href="#Footnote_299" class="fnanchor">[299]</a> Having been deprived of admission at the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[177]</a></span> -Old Bailey on the day of his trial, I went to the Duke, and -he immediately wrote to a nobleman high in power, for an -order to admit me to see the unfortunate criminal in the -condemned cell, which application was firmly, and, in my -humble opinion, very properly, refused. I walked home, -where I found Isaac Solomon waiting to show me some -of his improved black-lead pencils. Isaac, upon hearing -me relate to my family the disappointment I had experienced, -assured me that he could procure me a sight of the -Governor, if I would only accompany him in the evening -to Hatton Garden, and smoke a pipe with Dr. Forde, the -Ordinary of Newgate,<a name="FNanchor_300" id="FNanchor_300"></a><a href="#Footnote_300" class="fnanchor">[300]</a> with whom he said he was particularly -intimate. Away we trudged; and, upon entering -the club-room of a public-house, we found the said Doctor -most pompously seated in a superb masonic chair, under<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[178]</a></span> -a stately crimson canopy placed between the windows. -The room was clouded with smoke, whiffed to the ceiling, -which gave me a better idea of what I had heard of the -Black Hole of Calcutta than any place I had seen. There -were present at least a hundred associates of every denomination; -of this number, my Jew, being a favoured man, -was admitted to a whispering audience with the Doctor, -which soon produced my introduction to him.</p> - -<p>“Man’s life is all a mist, and in the dark our fortunes -meet us.” Standing beneath a masonic lustre, the Doctor -immediately recognised me as a friend of John Ireland, -but more particularly of his older crony, Atkinson Bush; -he requested me to take a pipe, to me a most detestable -preliminary. He then whispered, “Meet me at the felon’s -door at the break of day.” There I punctually applied, -but, notwithstanding the order of the Doctor, I found it -absolutely necessary, to protect myself from an increasing -mob, to show the turnkey half-a-crown, who soon closed -his hand and let me in. I was then introduced to a most -diabolical-looking little wretch, denominated “the Yeoman -of the Halter,” Jack Ketch’s head man. The Doctor soon -arrived in his canonicals, and with his head as stiffly erect -as a sheriff’s coachman when he is going to Court, with an -enormous nosegay under his chin, gravely uttered, “Come -this way, Mr. Smith.”</p> - -<p>As we crossed the Press-yard a cock crew; and the -solitary clanking of a restless chain was dreadfully horrible. -The prisoners had not risen. Upon our entering a stone-cold -room, a most sickly stench of green twigs, with which -an old round-shouldered, goggle-eyed man was endeavouring -to kindle a fire, annoyed me almost as much as the -canaster fumigation of the Doctor’s Hatton Garden -friends.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus30"> - -<img src="images/illus30.jpg" width="650" height="480" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">NEWGATE CHAPEL ON THE EVE OF SEVERAL EXECUTIONS</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[179]</a></span></p> - -<p>The prisoner entered. He was death’s counterfeit, -tall, shrivelled, and pale; and his soul shot so piercingly -through the port-holes of his head that the first glance of -him nearly petrified me. I said in my heart, putting my -pencil in my pocket, God forbid that I should disturb thy -last moments! His hands were clasped, and he was -truly penitent. After the Yeoman had requested him to -stand up, “he pinioned him,” as the Newgate phrase is, -and tied the cord with so little feeling, that the Governor, -who had not given the wretch the accustomed fee, observed, -“You have tied me very tight;” upon which Dr. Forde -ordered him to slacken the cord, which he did, but not -without muttering. “Thank you, Sir,” said the Governor -to the Doctor, “it is of little moment.” He then observed -to the attendant, who had brought in an immense iron -shovelful of coals to throw on the fire, “Ay, in one hour -that will be a blazing fire;” then, turning to the Doctor, -questioned him: “Do tell me, Sir: I am informed I shall -go down with great force; is it so?” After the construction -and action of the machine had been explained, -the Doctor questioned the Governor as to what kind of men -he had at Goree. “Sir,” he answered, “they sent me the -very riffraff.” The poor soul then joined the Doctor in -prayer; and never did I witness more contrition at any -condemned sermon than he then evinced.</p> - -<p>The sheriff arrived, attended by his officers, to receive -the prisoner from the keeper. A new hat was then partly -flattened on his head; for, owing to its being too small in the -crown, it stood many inches too high behind. As we were -crossing the Press-yard, the dreadful execrations of some of -the felons so shook his frame, that he observed, “the clock -had struck;” and, quickening his pace, he soon arrived -at the room where the sheriff was to give a receipt for his<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[180]</a></span> -body, according to the usual custom. Owing, however, to -some informality in the wording of this receipt, he was not -brought out so soon as the multitude expected; and it was -this delay which occasioned a partial exultation from -those who betted as to a reprieve, and not from any pleasure -in seeing him executed. For the honour of England, I -may say we are not so revengeful as some of our Continental -neighbours have been; as Mrs. Cosway<a name="FNanchor_301" id="FNanchor_301"></a><a href="#Footnote_301" class="fnanchor">[301]</a> assured me that -she was in the room with David, then esteemed the first -painter in Paris, at the time that he and Robespierre -were in power; and that when the Reporter, from the -guillotine, came in to announce eighty as the number of -persons executed that morning, David, in the greatest -possible rage, exclaimed, “No more!”</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus31"> - -<img src="images/illus31.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">DR. ARNE</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">HE COMPOSED “RULE BRITANNIA”</p> - -</div> - -<p>After the execution, as soon as I was permitted to -leave the prison, I found the Yeoman selling the rope -with which the malefactor had been suspended, at a shilling -an inch; and no sooner had I entered Newgate Street, -than a lath of a fellow, past threescore years and ten, -who had just arrived from the purlieus of Black Boy -Alley,<a name="FNanchor_302" id="FNanchor_302"></a><a href="#Footnote_302" class="fnanchor">[302]</a> woe-begone as <em>Romeo’s</em> apothecary, exclaimed,—“Here’s -the identical rope at sixpence an inch.” A -group of tatterdemalions soon collected round him, most -vehemently expressing their eagerness to possess bits of -the cord. It was pretty obvious, however, that the real -business of this agent was to induce the Epping butter-men<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[181]</a></span> -to squeeze in with their canvas bags, which contained -their morning receipts in Newgate market.<a name="FNanchor_303" id="FNanchor_303"></a><a href="#Footnote_303" class="fnanchor">[303]</a> A -little further on, at the north-east corner of Warwick -Lane, stood “Rosy Emma,” exuberant in talk, and -hissing-hot from Pie Corner,<a name="FNanchor_304" id="FNanchor_304"></a><a href="#Footnote_304" class="fnanchor">[304]</a> where she had taken her -morning dose of gin and bitters; and as she had not waited -to make her toilet, was consequently a lump of heat.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Now, my readers, I have been told,</div> -<div class="verse">Love wounds by heat, and Death by cold;</div> -<div class="verse">Of size she would a barrow fill,</div> -<div class="verse">But more inclining to sit still.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Possibly she might have been a descendant of Orator -Henley, and I make no doubt at one time passionately -admired by her Henry. I can safely declare, however, -that her cheeks were purple, her nose of poppy-red or -cochineal.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“The lady was pretty well in case,</div> -<div class="verse">But then she’d humour in her face;</div> -<div class="verse">Her skin was so bepimpled o’er,</div> -<div class="verse">There was not room for any more.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Her eyes reminded me of Sheridan’s remark on those -of Dr. Arne, “Like two oysters on an oval plate of stewed -beet-root.”<a name="FNanchor_305" id="FNanchor_305"></a><a href="#Footnote_305" class="fnanchor">[305]</a> I regretted most exceedingly, while she<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[182]</a></span> -was cutting her rope and twisting her mouth, that most -of her once-famed ivories had absconded; but it gave -me inexpressible delight to see that her lips were not at -all chapped. If Emma’s lips had been ever so deeply -cracked, she could not have benefited by my friend -“Social Day” Coxe’s<a name="FNanchor_306" id="FNanchor_306"></a><a href="#Footnote_306" class="fnanchor">[306]</a> Conservatoria, as it was not then -sold.</p> - -<p>Emma in her tender blossom, I understand, assisted -her mother in selling rice-milk and furmety to the early -frequenters of Honey Lane market; and in the days of -her full bloom, new-milk whey in White Conduit Fields, -and at the Elephant and Castle. She must have been, -as to her outward charms, during her highest flattery, -little inferior to the beautiful Emma Lyon;<a name="FNanchor_307" id="FNanchor_307"></a><a href="#Footnote_307" class="fnanchor">[307]</a> but in her<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[183]</a></span> -last stage, perhaps not altogether unlike the heroine so -voluptuously portrayed by my late highly talented friend, -the Rev. George Huddesford, in his poem entitled “The -Barber’s Nuptials.”<a name="FNanchor_308" id="FNanchor_308"></a><a href="#Footnote_308" class="fnanchor">[308]</a> Rosy Emma, for so she was still -called, was the reputed spouse of the Yeoman of the -Halter, and the cord she was selling as the identical noose -was for her own benefit. This was, according to the -delightful writer, Charles Lamb,</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“For honest ends, a most dishonest seeming.”<a name="FNanchor_309" id="FNanchor_309"></a><a href="#Footnote_309" class="fnanchor">[309]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus32"> - -<img src="images/illus32.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">LADY HAMILTON AS A BACCHANTE</p> - -<div class="c-container smaller"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Romney! expert infallibly to trace …</div> -<div class="verse">The mind’s impression too on every face.”</div> -<div class="verse right"><cite>Cowper</cite></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<p>Now, as fame and beauty ever carry influence, Emma’s -sale was rapid; had she been as lamentable as a Lincolnshire -goose after plucking-time, “Misery’s Darling,” or -like Alecto when at the entrance of Pandemonium, she -would have had a sorry sale.<a name="FNanchor_310" id="FNanchor_310"></a><a href="#Footnote_310" class="fnanchor">[310]</a> This money-trapping<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[184]</a></span> -trick, steady John, the waiter at the Chapter Coffee-house, -assured me was invariably put in practice whenever -superior persons or notorious culprits had been executed. -Then to breakfast, but with little or no appetite; however, -after selecting one of Isaac Solomon’s H.B.’s, I -made a whole-length portrait of the late Governor by -recollection, which Dr. Buchan, the flying physician of -the “Chapter”<a name="FNanchor_311" id="FNanchor_311"></a><a href="#Footnote_311" class="fnanchor">[311]</a> frequenters, and several of the Pater-Noster<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[185]</a></span> -vendors of his <cite>Domestic Medicine</cite>, considered a -likeness; at all events, it was admitted into the portfolio -of the Duke, with the following acknowledgment -written on the back: “Drawn by memory.”</p> - -<h3>1803.</h3> - -<p>About this time, in order to see human nature off -her guard, I agreed with a good-tempered friend of mine, -one of Richard Wilson’s scholars, to perambulate Bartholomew<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[186]</a></span> -Fair, which we did in the evening, after taking -pretty good care to leave our watches at home. Our -first visit was to a show of wild beasts, where, upon paying -an additional penny, we saw the menagerie-feeder place his -head within a lion’s mouth.</p> - -<p>Our attention was then arrested by an immense baboon, -called <em>General Jacko</em>, who was distributing his signatures -as fast as he could dip his pen in the ink, to those who -enabled him to fill his enormous craw with plums, raisins, -and figs. The next object which attracted our notice -was a magnificent man, standing, as we were told, six -feet six inches and a half, independent of the heels of -his shoes. The gorgeous splendour of his Oriental dress -was rendered more conspicuous by an immense plume -of white feathers, which were like the noddings of an -undertaker’s horse, increased in their wavy and graceful -motion by the movements of the wearer’s head.</p> - -<p>As this extraordinary man was to perform some -wonderful feats of strength, we joined the motley throng -of spectators at the charge of “only threepence each,” -that being vociferated by Flockton’s<a name="FNanchor_312" id="FNanchor_312"></a><a href="#Footnote_312" class="fnanchor">[312]</a> successor as the -price of the evening admittance.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[187]</a></span></p> - -<p>After he had gone through his various exhibitions -of holding great weights at arm’s-length, etc., the all-bespangled -master of the show stepped forward, and -stated to the audience that if any four or five of the present -company would give, by way of encouraging the “Young -Hercules,” <i>alias</i> the “Patagonian Samson,” sixpence -apiece, he would carry them all together round the booth, -in the form of a pyramid.</p> - -<p>With this proposition my companion and myself -closed; and after two other persons had advanced, the -fine fellow threw off his velvet cap surmounted by its -princely crest, stripped himself of his other gewgaws, -and walked most majestically, in a flesh-coloured elastic -dress, to the centre of the amphitheatre, when four chairs -were placed round him, by which my friend and I ascended, -and, after throwing our legs across his lusty shoulders, -were further requested to embrace each other, which -we no sooner did, cheek-by-jowl, than a tall skeleton of -a man, instead of standing upon a small wooden ledge -fastened to Samson’s girdle, in an instant leaped on his -back, with the agility of a boy who pitches himself upon -a post too high to clear, and threw a leg over each of -our shoulders; as for the other chap (for we could -only muster four), the Patagonian took him up in -his arms. Then, after <em>Mr. Merryman</em> had removed -the chairs, as he had not his full complement, Samson -performed his task with an ease of step most stately, -without either the beat of a drum, or the waving of -a flag.</p> - -<p>I have often thought that if George Cruikshank, or my -older friend Rowlandson, had been present at this scene -of a pyramid burlesqued, their playful pencils would have -been in running motion, and I should have been considerably<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[188]</a></span> -out-distanced had I then offered the following additional -description of our clustered appearance. Picture -to yourself, reader, two cheesemonger, ruddy-looking men, -like my friend and myself, as the sidesmen of Hercules, -and the tall, vegetable-eating scarecrow kind of fellow, -who made but one leap to grasp us like the bird-killing -spider, and then our fourth loving associate, the heavy -dumpling in front, whose chaps, I will answer for it, relished -many an inch thick steak from the once far-famed Honey -Lane market,<a name="FNanchor_313" id="FNanchor_313"></a><a href="#Footnote_313" class="fnanchor">[313]</a> all supported with the greatest ease by this -envied and caressed <em>Pride</em> of the <em>Fair</em>, to whose powers -the frequenters of Sadler’s Wells also bore many a testimony.</p> - -<p>In the year 1804, Antonio Benedictus Van Assen -engraved a whole-length portrait of this Patagonian -Samson, at the foot of which his name was thus announced, -“<em>Giovanni Baptista Belzoni</em>.” This animated production -was executed at the expense of the friendly Mr. James -Parry, the justly celebrated gem and seal engraver, of -Wells Street, Oxford Street.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus33"> - -<img src="images/illus33.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">GIOVANNI BAPTISTA BELZONI</p> - -<p class="caption">“Belzoni <em>is</em> a grand traveller, and his English is very prettily broken.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>Lord Byron</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p>After the close of Bartholomew Fair, this Patagonian -was seen at that of Edmonton, exhibiting in a field behind -the Bell Inn, immortalised by Cowper in his “Johnny -Gilpin;” and I have been assured that, so late as 1810, at -Edinburgh, he was, during his exhibition in Valentine and -Orson, soundly hissed for not handling his friend the bear, -at the time of her death, in an affectionate manner. Several -years rolled on, and he was nearly forgotten in England,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[189]</a></span> -until the year 1820, and then many people recognised in -the Egyptian traveller Belzoni the person who had figured -away at fairs, as I have stated. The following anecdotes, -in private circulation, of this extraordinary man may not -be considered wholly uninteresting.</p> - -<p>He was a native of Padua, and educated in order to -become a profound monk; but, during the frenzy of war, -being noticed by the French army, in consequence of his -commanding figure, to be admirably well calculated for a -fugleman, prudently avoided seizure for so deadly a service, -by getting together what few things time would permit -him, and so left Rome. I should have stated to the reader -that, upon his arrival in London in the year 1803, he -walked into Smithfield during Bartholomew Fair time, -where he was seen by the master of a show, who, it is -said, thus questioned his <em>Merry Andrew</em>:—“Do you see -that tall-looking fellow in the midst of the crowd? he is -looking about him over the heads of the people as if he -walked upon stilts; go and see if he’s worth our money, -and ask him if he wants a job.” Away scrambled Mr. -<em>Merryman</em> down the monkey’s post, and, “as quick as -lightning,” conducted the stranger to his master, who, being -satisfied of his personal attractions, immediately engaged, -plumed, painted, and put him up.</p> - -<p>The reader will readily conceive that a man like Belzoni, -seriously educated for the duties of the Church, and accustomed -to associate with people of good manners, could -with no little reluctance endure the vulgar society his -pecuniary circumstances alone compelled him to associate -with. However, after the expiration of nine years, in -the course of which time he had married and saved -money, he and his wife were enabled to visit Portugal, -Spain, and Malta, from which place they embarked for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[190]</a></span> -Egypt. Fortunately for Belzoni, the wife he had chosen -more than equally shared his numerous dangers, by -spiritedly joining in all his enterprises, which some of -my readers will recollect are most delightfully described -by herself in what she styles “A Trifling Account,” -printed at the end of her husband’s <cite>Travels in Egypt, -Nubia</cite>, etc.<a name="FNanchor_314" id="FNanchor_314"></a><a href="#Footnote_314" class="fnanchor">[314]</a></p> - -<p>As most of my readers have perused this work, I shall -only state that, shortly after the arrival of Belzoni and his -wife in England, my friend Dr. Richardson,<a name="FNanchor_315" id="FNanchor_315"></a><a href="#Footnote_315" class="fnanchor">[315]</a> the traveller,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[191]</a></span> -who had been kind to them in every possible way when in -Egypt, introduced me to them when they lodged in Downing -Street, Westminster. Here I not only had great pleasure -in seeing my steady supporter again, but enjoyed most -pleasantly the conversation I had with his enterprising -partner, whose sensible and intrepid cast of features well -accorded with her artless, unsophisticated, and interesting -“Trifling Account,” to which I have alluded.</p> - -<p>In 1784, when Sir Ashton Lever petitioned the House -of Commons for a lottery for his museum, Mr. Thomas -Waring made the following declaration before the Committee -to whom the petition was referred:—“That he had been -manager of Sir Ashton’s collection ever since it had been -brought to London in the year 1775; that it had occupied -twelve years in forming; and that there were upwards -of twenty-six thousand articles. That the money received -for admission amounted, from February 1775 to February -1784, to about £13,000, out of which £660 had been paid -for house-rent and taxes.” Sir Ashton Lever proposed -that his whole museum should go together, and that there -should be 40,000 tickets at one guinea each.<a name="FNanchor_316" id="FNanchor_316"></a><a href="#Footnote_316" class="fnanchor">[316]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus34"> - -<img src="images/illus34.jpg" width="650" height="480" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">BARTHOLOMEW FAIR</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[192]</a></span></p> - -<p>Few people would believe that so lately as this year, -the Duke of Dorset, Lord Winchilsea, Lord Talbot, Colonel -Tarleton, Mr. Howe, Mr. Damer, Hon. Mr. Lennox, and the -Rev. Mr. Williams played at cricket in an open field -near White Conduit House.<a name="FNanchor_317" id="FNanchor_317"></a><a href="#Footnote_317" class="fnanchor">[317]</a> Who could have conjectured<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[193]</a></span> -that Du Val’s Lane, branching from Holloway, within -memory so notoriously infested with highwaymen that -few people would venture to peep into it even in mid-day, -should, in 1831, be lighted with gas?<a name="FNanchor_318" id="FNanchor_318"></a><a href="#Footnote_318" class="fnanchor">[318]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span></p> - -<p>In 1784, Nathaniel Hillier’s<a name="FNanchor_319" id="FNanchor_319"></a><a href="#Footnote_319" class="fnanchor">[319]</a> collection of prints was -sold by Christie: they were well selected as to impression, -but much deteriorated in value by Mr. Hillier’s attachment -to strong coffee, with which he had stained them. -It has been acknowledged by one of the family that, what -with the expense of staining, mounting, and ruling, his -collection only brought them one-fifth of the cost of the -prints in the first instance.</p> - -<p>Dr. Samuel Johnson also died this year [1784]; during -the time the surgeon was engaged in opening his body, Sir -John Hawkins, Knight, was in the adjoining room seeing -to the weighing of the Doctor’s tea-pot, in the presence -of a silversmith, whom Sir John, as an executor, had called -upon to purchase it.<a name="FNanchor_320" id="FNanchor_320"></a><a href="#Footnote_320" class="fnanchor">[320]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[195]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1805.</h3> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“Mr. Townley presents his compliments to Mr. West, -and requests that, when he sees Mr. Lock<a name="FNanchor_321" id="FNanchor_321"></a><a href="#Footnote_321" class="fnanchor">[321]</a> at his house, -he will be so good as to deliver to him the packet sent -herewith, containing two prints from Homer’s head,—Mr. -T. not knowing where Mr. Lock lives in town. The -drawing representing the ‘Triumphs of Bacchus’ by -Rubens,<a name="FNanchor_322" id="FNanchor_322"></a><a href="#Footnote_322" class="fnanchor">[322]</a> in the eighth night’s sale at Greenwood’s, differing -much from the bas-relief in the Borghese Villa, from -which Caracci is supposed to have composed his picture -of that subject in the Farnese Gallery,<a name="FNanchor_323" id="FNanchor_323"></a><a href="#Footnote_323" class="fnanchor">[323]</a> Mr. T. has no -intention to bid for it.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Park St., Westminster</span>, <i>21st Feb. 1787</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">My dear Sir</span>,—I return you many thanks for your -kind information respecting the sale of the marbles at -the late Lord Mendip’s house at Twickenham.<a name="FNanchor_324" id="FNanchor_324"></a><a href="#Footnote_324" class="fnanchor">[324]</a> Had I -been there and in spirits, the fine Oriental alabaster -vase would not have been sold so cheap, and would<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[196]</a></span> -probably have come to Park Street. I should also have -probably purchased the medallion of an elderly man -over a chimney-piece. I shall be glad to find out who -bought it, and at what price. I should also have liked -the ancient fountain. Pray, what was it sold for, and -who bought it?</p> - -<p>“I mean to take a farewell look at the <i lang="it">robaccia</i> at -Wilton, to verify my former notes on that collection.</p> - -<p>“I flatter myself that many bad symptoms of my -long disorder begin to abate, though it still, I feel, has -strong hold upon me. I shall remain here about a fortnight -longer, then return to Park Street.</p> - -<p>“If you will give me the pleasure of a line from you, -you may direct to me, No. 36, Milsom Street, Bath. I am, -sir, ever most faithfully yours, etc.</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">C. Townley</span>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Bath, 36, Milsom Street</span>, <i>11th June 1802</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<h3>1806.</h3> - -<p>In the month of June this year, the late Atkinson -Bush,<a name="FNanchor_325" id="FNanchor_325"></a><a href="#Footnote_325" class="fnanchor">[325]</a> then of Great Ormond Street, brought to my -house Mr. Parton, vestry-clerk of St. Giles’s-in-the-Fields, -with a view to obtain such particulars of that parish -as I was acquainted with, he being then busily engaged -in collecting materials for its history. In the course -of conversation, I was astonished to find that it was his -intention to have a plan of the parish engraved for his -work, purporting to have been taken between the years -twelve and thirteen hundred, a period more than two<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[197]</a></span> -centuries and a half earlier than Aggas’s plan of London, -and from which I could not help observing that in my -opinion he had most glaringly borrowed. When he -assured me he had not, my request was then to know -his authority for producing such a plan, but for that -question he was not provided with an answer, nor did -he appear to be willing to be probed by further interrogatories. -To my great astonishment, when Mr. Parton’s -book made its appearance, I not only found this plan -professing to be between the years twelve and thirteen -hundred so minutely made out, with every man’s possession -in the parish most distinctly attributed, but every -plot of garden so neatly delineated, with the greatest -variety of parterres, walks with cut borders, as if the -gardener of William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> or Queen Anne had then been -living. As Mr. Parton omitted to give any authority -for the introduction of so wonderfully early a piece of -ichnography, I applied to several leading men in the parish -of St. Giles, but could gain no intelligence whatever respecting -it: so much for this plan of St. Giles’s parish, -as produced by Mr. Parton.<a name="FNanchor_326" id="FNanchor_326"></a><a href="#Footnote_326" class="fnanchor">[326]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 440px;" id="illus35"> - -<img src="images/illus35.jpg" width="440" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">“The Townley Marbles.”</p> - -</div> - -<h3>1807.</h3> - -<p>On the 7th of November of this year, aged 65, died -at Rome the celebrated Angelica Kauffmann, who was -appointed a member of the Royal Academy by King -George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> at its foundation.<a name="FNanchor_327" id="FNanchor_327"></a><a href="#Footnote_327" class="fnanchor">[327]</a> That she was a great<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[198]</a></span> -favourite with the admirers of art may be inferred by -the numerous engravings from her productions by Bartolozzi -and the late William Wynn Ryland.<a name="FNanchor_328" id="FNanchor_328"></a><a href="#Footnote_328" class="fnanchor">[328]</a> Her pictures<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[199]</a></span> -are always tasteful, and often well composed, clearly and -harmoniously coloured, and extremely finished with a -most delicate but spirited pencil. Indeed, her talents -were so approved by her brother Academicians, that -those gentlemen allotted her compartments of the ceiling -in their council-chamber at Somerset Place for decoration, -in which most honourable and pleasing task she so well -acquitted herself, that her performances are the admiration -of every visitor, but more particularly those who possess the -organ of colour. She etched numerous subjects; the best -impressions are those before the plates were aqua-tinted.</p> - -<p>When I was a boy, my father frequently took me to -Golden Square to see her pictures, where she and her -father had for many years resided in the centre house on -the south side. There are several portraits of her, but -none so well-looking as that painted by Sir Joshua Reynolds, -of which there is an engraving by Bartolozzi.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[200]</a></span></p> - -<p>Angelica Kauffmann was a great coquette, and pretended -to be in love with several gentlemen at the same -time.<a name="FNanchor_329" id="FNanchor_329"></a><a href="#Footnote_329" class="fnanchor">[329]</a> Once she professed to be enamoured of Nathaniel -Dance;<a name="FNanchor_330" id="FNanchor_330"></a><a href="#Footnote_330" class="fnanchor">[330]</a> to the next visitor she would divulge the great -secret that she was dying for Sir Joshua Reynolds. However, -she was at last rightly served for her duplicity by -marrying a very handsome fellow personating Count de -Horn. With this alliance she was so pleased, that she -made her happy conquest known to her Majesty Queen -Charlotte, who was much astonished that the Count should -have been so long in England without coming to Court. -However, the real Count’s arrival was some time afterwards -announced at Dover; and Angelica Kauffmann’s -husband turned out to be no other than his <i lang="fr">valet de chambre</i>. -He was prevailed upon subsequently to accept a separate -maintenance.<a name="FNanchor_331" id="FNanchor_331"></a><a href="#Footnote_331" class="fnanchor">[331]</a> After this man’s death she married Zucchi,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[201]</a></span> -and settled in Rome. During her residence there, she -was solicited by the artists in general, but more particularly -by the English, to join them in an application to -this country for permission to bring their property to -England duty free; and as I possess the original letter -which that lady wrote to Lord Camelford<a name="FNanchor_332" id="FNanchor_332"></a><a href="#Footnote_332" class="fnanchor">[332]</a> upon the -subject, I cannot refrain from inserting it.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">My Lord</span>,—I do not know, if by having lived several -years in England, and having the honour to be a R.A., I -may be sufficiently entitled to join with the artists of Great -Britain in their request, or better to say, in returning thanks -to your Lordship for patronising them in a point so very -essential, which is to assist them in obtaining the free -importation of their own studies, models, or designs, -collected for their improvement during their own stay -abroad.</p> - -<p>“The heavy duty set upon articles of that nature -causes that the artist, whose circumstances do not permit -him to pay perhaps a considerable sum, must either be -deprived of what he keeps most valuable, or buy his own -works at the public sale at the Custom House. This I -have myself experienced on my coming to England,—and -I mention it here, in consequence of the opinion of -some of my friends, who think that my assertion, added<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[202]</a></span> -to what other artists may have reported to that purpose, -may be of some use to obtain their object.</p> - -<p>“I heard from Dr. Bates,<a name="FNanchor_333" id="FNanchor_333"></a><a href="#Footnote_333" class="fnanchor">[333]</a> and Mr. Reveley,<a name="FNanchor_334" id="FNanchor_334"></a><a href="#Footnote_334" class="fnanchor">[334]</a> the -architect, how very much your Lordship is inclined to -support the earnest supplication drawn up by some of -the artists, which proves your Lordship to be a protector -of the fine arts, and of those who profess them. Consequently -I have some reason to hope that I may not be -judged too impertinent for addressing these lines to you. -I have the honour to be, with the greatest respect, my -Lord, your Lordship’s most obliged humble servant,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Angelica Kauffmann</span>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Trinità de’ Monti</span>, <i>the 26th Dec. 1787</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>This year, my laborious work, entitled <cite>Antiquities of -Westminster</cite>, was delivered to its numerous and patient -subscribers.<a name="FNanchor_335" id="FNanchor_335"></a><a href="#Footnote_335" class="fnanchor">[335]</a> The following congratulatory letter is one -of the many with which I have been honoured by its -extensive and steady friends:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Lichfield Cathedral Close</span>, <i>Thursday, 2nd July 1807</i>.</p> - -<p>“Mr. White<a name="FNanchor_336" id="FNanchor_336"></a><a href="#Footnote_336" class="fnanchor">[336]</a> presents his best respects to Mr. Smith. -His precious little box, from some unaccountable delay -in Cambridge, did not arrive till yesterday evening, accompanied -by a letter, which receives this early acknowledgment.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[203]</a></span> -Though Mr. White has not had leisure to inspect -critically the literary portion of Mr. Smith’s elegant and -splendid volume, yet his whole time since it came has -been occupied in studying and admiring its numerous, -accurate, and highly finished engravings, which alone -give it a superiority to any book of art’s illustration which -Mr. White can at present recollect. Mr. Smith’s offer of -a few loose prints is peculiarly kind and acceptable; and -Mr. White so far avails himself of it.</p> - -<p>“Mr. White cannot refrain expressing his concern and -astonishment, that Mr. Smith should have experienced so -bitter a recession from friendly promises and assistance, -as Mr. H. obliged him to feel; at the same time, the candid -and unequivocal statement which Mr. Smith has made, -must exonerate him from the world’s reproof, and account -for the long protraction of the work. Mr. White cannot -but indulge the hope, that so noble an addition to our -architectural antiquities, so admirable an elucidation of -every <em>precedent</em> history of London, will most amply remunerate -the pocket, though no success can recompense -that anxiety of mind which Mr. Smith has undergone. The -beautiful Cathedral of Lichfield has been recently ornamented -with some very fine ancient painted windows, -from the dissolved convent near Lille. If Mr. Smith -would publish them in colours, Mr. White thinks that -the subscription would fill rapidly; and if Mr. Smith -would but come down and look at them, Mr. White -would be happy in extending every accommodation, and -rendering every assistance to him. When the windows -are known, the plan will be certainly adopted by other -artists of inferior competency.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[204]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1808.</h3> - -<p>On the first of November this year, George Dance, the -Royal Academician, signed the dedication page of his first -volume of portraits of eminent men drawn in pencil, with -parts touched lightly with colour from life, and engraved -by William Daniell, A.R.A., now a Royal Academician (he -died 1837), consisting of thirty-six in number. The second -volume, which also contained thirty-six in number, was -published in 1814.<a name="FNanchor_337" id="FNanchor_337"></a><a href="#Footnote_337" class="fnanchor">[337]</a></p> - -<p>Fuseli, when viewing several of these portraits, was -heard by one of Mr. Dance’s sitters to make the following -observations upon the likenesses. Of Benjamin West he -said, “His eye is like a vessel in the South Sea,—I can -just spy it through the telescope;” of that of Joseph -Wilton the sculptor, he observed, “How simple are the -thinking parts of this man’s head, and how sumptuous -the manducatory;” of that of James Barry he made -the following declaration, “This fellow looks like the door -of his own house;” of that of Northcote he exclaimed, -“By <em>Cot</em>, he is looking sharp for a rat;” and of that -of Sir William Chambers, he observed, drawling out his -words, “What a <em>grate</em>, heavy, <em>humpty-dumpty</em>, this leaden -fellow is.”<a name="FNanchor_338" id="FNanchor_338"></a><a href="#Footnote_338" class="fnanchor">[338]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;" id="illus36"> - -<img src="images/illus36.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">JAMES NORTHCOTE, R.A.</p> - -<p class="caption">“By <em>Cot</em>, he is looking out sharp for a rat.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>Fuseli</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[205]</a></span></p> - -<p>In this sort of wit Fuseli had a formidable force of -gunnery, and his shot seldom missed its destination; -however, it cannot shatter the above work, as most of the -portraits are of worthies too well known even to need it -necessary to engrave their names under them.</p> - -<p>The greater portion of these likenesses are highly -valuable to the illustrators of Boswell’s <cite>Life of Johnson</cite>, -and, indeed, most of the modern biographical publications.</p> - -<h3>1809.</h3> - -<p>I cannot more pleasantly close this year than by inserting<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[206]</a></span> -a copy of one of John Bannister’s bills for his <span class="smcap">Budget</span>;<a name="FNanchor_339" id="FNanchor_339"></a><a href="#Footnote_339" class="fnanchor">[339]</a> -and as the original is now an extreme rarity, I conclude -that some of those “<em>gude folks</em>” who witnessed the delightful -humour displayed by that gifted son of Thespis, may -possibly be better enabled to recollect how much they -giggled twenty-three years ago.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Oh the days when I was young!”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The type of the long lines in the original bill, which is -of a small folio size, being too small to be read without -spectacles, I have necessarily, in some instances, been -obliged to increase the number of lines in the following -copy.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“THEATRE, IPSWICH.</p> - -<p class="center">POSITIVELY FOR ONE NIGHT ONLY.</p> - -<p class="center">Patronised by their Majesties,<br /> -Before whom Mr. Bannister had the honour of performing,<br /> -At the Queen’s House, Frogmore.</p> - -<p class="center">The Public are most respectfully informed,<br /> -On Wednesday, the 29th of November, 1809,<br /> -Will be presented,</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">A Miscellaneous Divertisement</span>,<br /> -With considerable vocal and rhetorical variations, called</p> - -<p class="center">BANNISTER’S BUDGET;<br /> -<span class="smcap">Or, An Actor’s Ways and Means</span>!</p> - -<p class="center">Consisting of<br /> -Recitations and Comic Songs;<br /> -Which will be sung and spoken by<br /> -<span class="smcap">Mr. Bannister</span>, of the late Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.</p> - -<p>“The above Divertisement is entirely new; the prose and -verse which compose it having been written <em>expressly</em> for the occasion -of <span class="smcap">Mr. Bannister’s Tour</span>, by Messrs. Colman, Reynolds, Cherry, -T. Dibdin, C. Dibdin, Jun., and others.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[207]</a></span></p> - -<p>The whole of the Entertainment has been arranged and revised -by <span class="smcap">Mr. Colman</span>.</p> - -<p>The songs (which Mr. Reeve, Jun., will accompany on the pianoforte,) -are principally composed by Mr. Reeve.</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Prospectus of the Divertisement.</span></p> - -<p>“Part I.—Exordium.—Mr. Bannister’s Interview with Garrick.—Garrick’s -Manner attempted by Mr. Bannister in a Shaving -Dialogue.—Mr. Doublelungs in the Clay-pit.—Macklin’s advice to -his Pupils.—The Ship’s Chaplain, and Jack Haulyard, the Boatswain; -or, Two Ways of Telling a Story.—Sam Stern.—The Melodramaniac, -or Value of Vocal Talent.—Mr. and Mrs. O’Blunder, -or, Irish Suicide!</p> - -<p>“Part II.—Superannuated Sexton.—Original Anecdotes of a -late well-known eccentric Character.—Trial at the Old Bailey.—Cross-Examination.—Counsellor -Garble.—Barrister Snip-snap.—Serjeant -Splitbrain.—Address to the Jury.—Simon Soaker, and -Deputy Dragon.</p> - -<p>“Part III.—Club of Queer Fellows!—President Hosier.—Speech -from the Chair.—Mr. Hesitate.—Mr. Sawney Mac Snip.—Musical -Poulterer.—Duet between a Game Cock and a Dorking -Hen.—Mr. Molasses.—Mr. Mimé.—Monotony exemplified.—Mr. -Kill-joy, the Whistling Orator.—Susan and Strephon.—Budget -closed.</p> - -<p>Rotation of Comic Songs to be introduced on this particular occasion.</p> - -<p class="center">“IN PART I.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<ul> -<li>Vocal Medley.</li> -<li>Captain Wattle and Miss Roe (by particular desire).</li> -<li>Tom Tuck’s Ghost.</li> -<li>Song in Praise of Ugliness!</li> -<li>The Debating Society.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p class="center">“IN PART II.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<ul> -<li>The Deserter; or, Death or Matrimony.</li> -<li>Miss Wrinkle and Mr. Grizzle,</li> -<li>and</li> -<li>The Tortoiseshell Tom Cat.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p class="center">“IN PART III.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">THE TRAGEDY OF OTHELLO; or, Fine Fleecy Hosiery.</span></li> -<li>The Marrow-fat Family.</li> -<li>Jollity Burlesqued, and</li> -<li>Beggars and Ballad-singers.</li> -</ul> -</div> - -<p>The doors to be opened at six o’clock, and to begin precisely at seven. -Boxes, Upper Circle, 4s.; Lower Circle, 3s.; Pit, 2s., -Gallery, 1s.</p> - -<p>N.B. Care has been taken to have the Theatre well aired.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[208]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1810.</h3> - -<p>My reader will find by the following copy of a paper -written by the Rev. Stephen Weston, B.D.,<a name="FNanchor_340" id="FNanchor_340"></a><a href="#Footnote_340" class="fnanchor">[340]</a> and read at -the Society of Antiquaries’ meeting, 25th January 1810, -that the term Swan-<em>hopping</em> is to be considered a popular -error.</p> - -<p>“It appears in the Swan-rolls, exhibited by the Right -Honourable Sir Joseph Banks, that the King’s were doubly -marked, and had what was called two nicks, or notches. -The term, in process of time, not being understood, a -double animal was invented, unknown to the Egyptians -and Greeks, with the name of the Swan with Two Necks. -But this is not the only ludicrous mistake that has arisen -out of the subject, since Swan-upping, or the taking up -of Swans, performed annually by the Swan companies, -with the Lord Mayor of London at their head, for the -purpose of marking them, has been changed by an unlucky -aspirate into Swan-hopping, which is not to the purpose, -and perfectly unintelligible.”<a name="FNanchor_341" id="FNanchor_341"></a><a href="#Footnote_341" class="fnanchor">[341]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[209]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1811.</h3> - -<p>In the summer of this year, the Earl of Pembroke -allowed me to copy a picture at Wilton, painted by the -celebrated architect, Inigo Jones. It is a view of Covent -Garden in its original state, when there was a tree in the -middle. The skill with which he has treated the effect -is admirable.</p> - -<p>There is also, in that superb mansion, a companion -picture of Lincoln’s Inn Fields by the same artist.</p> - -<h3>1812.</h3> - -<p>The political career of John Horne Tooke, Esq., is well -known, and the fame of his celebrated work, entitled the -<cite>Diversions of Purley</cite>, will be spoken of as long as paper -lasts.</p> - -<p>In the year 1811 a most flagrant depredation was -committed in his house at Wimbledon by a collector of -taxes, who daringly carried away a silver tea and sugar -caddy, the value of which amounted, in weight of silver, -to at least twenty times more than the sum demanded, -for a tax which Mr. Tooke declared he never would pay. -This gave rise to the following letter:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“TO MESSRS. CROFT AND DILKE.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Gentlemen</span>,—I beg it as a favour of you, that you -will go in my name to Mr. Judkin, attorney, in Clifford’s<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[210]</a></span> -Inn, and desire him to go with you both to the Under -Sheriff’s Office, in New Inn, Wych Street.</p> - -<p>“I have had a distress served upon me for taxes, at -Wimbledon, in the county of Surrey.</p> - -<p>“By the recommendation of Mr. Stuart, of Putney, -I desire Mr. Judkin to act as my attorney in replevying -the goods; and I desire Mr. Croft and Mr. Dilke to sign -the security-bond for me that I will try the question.</p> - -<p>“Pray show this memorandum to Mr. Judkin.</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">John Horne Tooke.</span></p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Wimbledon</span>, <i>May 17th, 1811</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>As Mr. Croft and Mr. Dilke were proceeding on the -Putney Road, they met the tax-collector with the tea-caddy -under his arm, on his way back with the greatest -possible haste to return it, with an apology to Mr. Tooke,—that -being the advice of a friend. The two gentlemen -returned with him, and witnessed Mr. Tooke’s kindness -when the man declared he had a large family.<a name="FNanchor_342" id="FNanchor_342"></a><a href="#Footnote_342" class="fnanchor">[342]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[211]</a></span></p> - -<p>On the 18th of March this year (1812), Mr. Tooke died, -at his house at Wimbledon. He was put into a strong -elm shell. The coffin was made from the heart of a solid -oak, cut down for the purpose. It measured six feet -one inch in length; in breadth at the shoulders, two feet -two inches; the depth at the head, two feet six inches; -and the depth at the feet, two feet four inches. This -enormous depth of coffin was absolutely necessary, in -consequence of the contraction of his body. His remains -were conveyed in a hearse and six, to Ealing, in Middlesex, -attended by three mourning coaches with four horses to -each. It was Mr. Tooke’s wish to have been buried in -his own ground; but to this the executors very properly -made an objection.<a name="FNanchor_343" id="FNanchor_343"></a><a href="#Footnote_343" class="fnanchor">[343]</a></p> - -<h3>1813.</h3> - -<p>At the sale of the effects of the Rev. William Huntington -(vulgarly called the “Coal-heaver”), which commenced -on the 22nd of September, and continued for -three following days, at his late residence, Hermes Hill, -Pentonville, one of his steady followers purchased a barrel -of ale, which had been brewed for Christmas, because he -would have something to remember him by.<a name="FNanchor_344" id="FNanchor_344"></a><a href="#Footnote_344" class="fnanchor">[344]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus37"> - -<img src="images/illus37.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">WILLIAM HUNTINGTON (S.S.)</p> - -<p class="caption">“I cannot get D.D. for want of cash, therefore I am compelled to fly to S.S., -by which I mean Sinner Saved.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[212]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1814.</h3> - -<p>Mr. John Nixon, of Basinghall Street, gave me the -following information respecting the Beefsteak Club. Mr. -Nixon, as Secretary, had possession of the original book. -Lambert’s Club was first held in Covent Garden Theatre, -in the upper room, called the “Thunder and Lightning;” -then in one even with the two-shilling gallery; next in -an apartment even with the boxes; and afterwards in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[213]</a></span> -a lower room, where they remained until the fire. After -that time, Mr. Harris insisted upon it, as the playhouse -was a new building, that the Club should not be held there. -They then went to the Bedford Coffee-house next door. -Upon the ceiling of the dining-room they placed Lambert’s -original gridiron, which had been saved from the fire. They -had a kitchen, a cook, and a wine-cellar, etc., entirely -independent of the Bedford Coffee-house. When the -Lyceum, in the Strand, was rebuilt, Mr. Arnold fitted up -a room for the Beefsteak Club, where it remained until the -late fire.</p> - -<p>The society held at Robins’s room was called the “Ad -Libitum” Society, of which Mr. Nixon had the books; -but it was a totally different society, quite unconnected -with the Beefsteak Club.<a name="FNanchor_345" id="FNanchor_345"></a><a href="#Footnote_345" class="fnanchor">[345]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[214]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1815.</h3> - -<p>One of the biographers of Mrs. Abington, the first -actress who played the part of Lady Teazle in the <cite>School -for Scandal</cite>, and so justly celebrated in characters of ladies -in high life, states that she died on the 1st of March 1815,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[215]</a></span> -in her 84th year. Another informs us that she died on -the 4th; but neither of the writers say where she died, -or where she was buried; on inquiry, I found that she -died at Pall Mall.<a name="FNanchor_346" id="FNanchor_346"></a><a href="#Footnote_346" class="fnanchor">[346]</a> Of all the theatrical ungovernable -ladies under Mr. Garrick’s management, Mrs. Abington, -with her capriciousness, inconsistency, injustice, and unkindness, -perplexed him the most. She was not unlike -the miller’s mare, for ever looking for a white stone to shy -at. And though no one has charged her with malignant -mischief, she was never more delighted than when in a -state of hostility, often arising from most trivial circumstances, -discovered in mazes of her own ingenious construction.<a name="FNanchor_347" id="FNanchor_347"></a><a href="#Footnote_347" class="fnanchor">[347]</a></p> - -<p>Mrs. Abington, in order to keep up her card-parties, -of which she was very fond, and which were attended by -many ladies of the highest rank, absented herself from -her abode to live <i lang="la">incog.</i> For this purpose she generally -took a small lodging in one of the passages leading from -Stafford Row, Pimlico,<a name="FNanchor_348" id="FNanchor_348"></a><a href="#Footnote_348" class="fnanchor">[348]</a> where plants are so placed at the -windows as nearly to shut out the light, at all events, -to render the apartments impervious to the inquisitive -eye of such characters as Liston represented in <cite>Paul Pry</cite>.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[216]</a></span> -Now and then she would take the small house at the end -of Mount Street, and there live with her servant in the -kitchen, till it was time to reappear; and then some of -her friends would compliment her on the effects of her -summer’s excursion.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Adelphi</span>, <i>November 9</i>.</p> - -<p>“Mr. Garrick’s compliments to Mrs. Abington, and -has sent her on the other side a little alteration (if she -approves it, not else) of the epilogue, where there seems -to be a patch: it should, he believes, run thus:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse indent7">“Such a persecution!</div> -<div class="verse">’Tis the great blemish of the constitution!</div> -<div class="verse">No human laws should Nature’s rights abridge,</div> -<div class="verse">Freedom of speech, our dearest privilege;</div> -<div class="verse">Ours is the wiser sex, though deemed the weaker,</div> -<div class="verse">I’ll put the Question, if you’ll cheer me, <em>Speaker</em>.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse indent4">“Suppose me now bewig’d, etc.<a name="FNanchor_349" id="FNanchor_349"></a><a href="#Footnote_349" class="fnanchor">[349]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>“Mrs. A. is at full liberty to adopt this alteration or -not. Had not our house overflowed last night in a quarter -of an hour, from the opening of Covent Garden had suffered -much. As it was, there was great room in the pit and -gallery at the end of the third act.</p> - -<p>“Much joy I sincerely wish you at your success in -Lady Bab. May it continue till we both are tired, you -with playing the part, and I with seeing it.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Mrs. Abington, 62, Pall Mall.</span>”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[217]</a></span></p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">TO RICHARD COSWAY, ESQ., R.A.</p> - -<p>“I have found another letter, which you will see is -part of the history I took the liberty of troubling you -with. I cannot express how much I am obliged to you -for your goodness and friendly confidence in telling me -what you had heard of this trumpery matter, as it has -given me an opportunity of convincing you, in some little -degree, that <em>my conduct</em> stands in no need of protection, -nor can at any time subject me to fears from threatful -insinuations of necessitous adventurers. I am, Sir, your -very much obliged and humble servant,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">F. Abington</span>.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">TO RICHARD COSWAY, ESQ., R.A.</p> - -<p>“Mrs. Abington will feel herself most extremely -mortified indeed if she has not some hope given her that -Mr. and Mrs. Cosway will do her the very great honour -of coming to her benefit this evening.</p> - -<p>“She has been able to secure a small balcony in the -very midst of persons of the first rank in this country, -which she set down in the name of Mrs. Cosway, till she -hears further; it holds two in front, and has three rows -holding two upon each, so that Mr. Cosway may accommodate -four other persons after being comfortably seated -with Mrs. Cosway.</p> - -<p>“<i>February 10th.</i> Nine o’clock.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Adelphi</span>, <i>December 8th</i>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Dear Madam</span>,—I altered the beginning of your -epilogue, merely for your ease and credit. I leave it -wholly to your own feelings to decide what to speak or -what to reject. I find the epilogue is liked, and therefore -I would make it as tolerable as possible for you. I<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[218]</a></span> -assure you, upon my word, that if you please yourself, -you will please me. In my hurry I find, looking over -the lines this afternoon, that I have made a false chime. -I have made <em>directed</em> and <em>corrected</em> to chime, which will -not do: suppose them thus,</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Does not he know, poor soul, to be <em>detected</em></div> -<div class="verse">Is what you hate, and more to be corrected.—</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p class="noindent">or thus:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Does not he know, in faults to be <em>detected</em></div> -<div class="verse">Is what you hate, and more to be <em>corrected</em>.<a name="FNanchor_350" id="FNanchor_350"></a><a href="#Footnote_350" class="fnanchor">[350]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>“I most sincerely wish you joy of your friend’s success. -The comedy will be in great vogue.</p> - -<p>“I am, Madam, your very humble Servant,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">D. Garrick</span>.”</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Bad pen, and gouty fingers,</div> -<div class="verse">Poor Anacreon, thou growest old!<a name="FNanchor_351" id="FNanchor_351"></a><a href="#Footnote_351" class="fnanchor">[351]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div></div> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Pall Mall</span>, <i>November 4th, 1794</i>.</p> - -<p>“Mrs. Abington begs leave to present her compliments -to Mr. Webster, and to assure him that she feels perfectly -ashamed of the trouble which she has repeatedly given -him, and is now about to give him; but, indeed, she has -so much dependence upon the goodness of his heart, as -well as of his understanding, that she flatters herself he -will forgive her committing herself to him, upon matters -which require more sense as well as more management -than falls to the share of the generality of her acquaintance.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[219]</a></span> -The enclosed letter will explain to Mr. Webster the nature -of Mrs. Abington’s present difficulty, as he will see she is -in danger of losing the fine picture which has been for -near six years in the hands of Mr. Sherwin, for the purpose -of making a print from it. There is not one moment to -be lost, if Mr. Webster will have the goodness to undertake -the business; and she begs of him not to mention the -matter further.</p> - -<p>“The picture is the property of Mrs. Abington, and -given by Sir Joshua Reynolds to Mr. Sherwin at his own -particular request, that Sir Joshua would favour him so -far as to let him have the preference of the many artists -who, at the time the picture was painted, applied for it to -engrave a plate from it.</p> - -<p>“Mrs. Abington begs leave to present her kindest love -and regards to Mrs. Webster, and flatters herself that the -whole family are perfectly well.</p> - -<p>“She has this moment heard that all the armaments -will now end in peace.</p> - -<p>“To <span class="smcap">John Webster, Esq.</span>, Duke Street, Westminster.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>As Sherwin’s plate from this beautiful picture was -published by the late Mr. John Thane,<a name="FNanchor_352" id="FNanchor_352"></a><a href="#Footnote_352" class="fnanchor">[352]</a> on February 1st, -1791, and as Mrs. Abington’s letter to Mr. Webster is -dated November 4th, 1794, it appears that the engraver -retained it nearly four years after the plate was finished; -so that, according to Mrs. Abington’s date, it must have -been upwards of two years in hand.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[220]</a></span></p> - -<p>My old friend, Mr. Thomas Thane, son of the publisher, -who is now in possession of the plate, kindly gave me -impressions of it in three states. The first is a great -rarity: a proof before any letters, and the reduction of -the plate. The second is after the sides of the plate had -been reduced, with the names of the painter, engraver, and -publisher, perfectly engraved, and the name of Roxalana -slightly etched. The third and last state is, after the -etched name Roxalana has been taken out and engraved -higher in the plate, to make room for some lines of -poetry.</p> - -<p>At page 70 of the Wilmot Letters in the British Museum -is the following letter, addressed by the Hon. Horace -Walpole to Mrs. Abington the actress:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Paris</span>, <i>September, 1771</i>.</p> - -<p>“If I had known, Madam, of your being at Paris, before -I heard it from Colonel Blaquière,<a name="FNanchor_353" id="FNanchor_353"></a><a href="#Footnote_353" class="fnanchor">[353]</a> I should certainly have -prevented your flattering invitation, and have offered -you any services that could depend on my acquaintance -here. It is plain I am old, and live with very old folks.”<a name="FNanchor_354" id="FNanchor_354"></a><a href="#Footnote_354" class="fnanchor">[354]</a></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[221]</a></span></p> - -<p>Further on the same writer observes:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“I have not that fault at least of a veteran, the thinking -nothing equalled to what they admired in their youth. -I do impartial justice to your merit, and fairly allow it not -only equal to that of any actress I have seen, but believe -the present age will not be in the wrong, if they hereafter -prefer it to those they may live to see. Your allowing -me to wait on you in London, Madam, will make me some -amends for the loss I have had here; and I shall take an -early opportunity of assuring you how much I am, Madam, -your most obliged humble servant,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Horace Walpole</span>.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Madam</span>,—You may certainly always command me -and my house. My common custom is to give a ticket for -only four persons at a time; but it would be very insolent -in me, when all laws are set at nought, to pretend to prescribe -rules. At such times there is a shadow of authority -in setting the laws aside by the legislature itself; and -though I have no army to supply their place, I declare -Mrs. Abington may march through all my dominions at -the head of <em>as large</em> a troop as she pleases;—I do not say, -as she can muster and command, for then I am sure my -house would not hold them. The day, too, is at her own -choice; and the master is her very obedient humble -servant,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Hor. Walpole</span>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Strawberry Hill</span>, <i>June 11, 1780</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Abington to Mrs. Jordan.</span></p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">No. 19, Eton Street, Grosvenor Place</span>,</p> - -<p class="right">“<i>January 6th, 1807</i>.</p> - -<p>“I beg leave, dear Madam, to make my grateful -acknowledgments for the favour of your kind remembrance.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">[222]</a></span> -Your ticket with those of dear Miss Betsworth, and the -Miss Jordans, was sent to my present habitation on New -Year’s day.</p> - -<p>“I have not slept in London since I came from the -Wealds of Kent, where I passed my summer upon a visit -to Sir Walter and Lady Jane James, and their lovely -family.<a name="FNanchor_355" id="FNanchor_355"></a><a href="#Footnote_355" class="fnanchor">[355]</a> It is near a grand scene of Gothic magnificence, -called Bayham Abbey, a seat of Lord Camden’s, the -brother of Lady Jane. In their peaceful retreat and -accomplished society, I have very much recovered my -health and spirits, and hope to have the happiness of seeing -you soon, as I am now looking for something to inhabit -in London. In the meantime, if you, dear Madam, or -the Miss Jordans, will do me the honour of calling at my -present abode, which are two rooms, where I keep my clothes -and trumpery, I shall be much flattered; and beg you to -accept the compliments of the season, and a sincere wish -that you may see many, many returns, with every happiness -you are so well entitled to expect. Adieu, my dearest -Madam. Be pleased to make my compliments to the -ladies, and believe me your most obliged, etc.,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">F. Abington</span>.”<a name="FNanchor_356" id="FNanchor_356"></a><a href="#Footnote_356" class="fnanchor">[356]</a></p> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;" id="illus38"> - -<img src="images/illus38.jpg" width="500" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">MRS. JORDAN</p> - -<p class="caption">“The very sound of the little familiar word <em>bud</em> from her lips … was a whole concentrated world -of the power of loving.”—<cite>Leigh Hunt</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">[223]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1816.</h3> - -<p>As a playful relaxation from my former more serious -applications, I commenced my work of the most remarkable -London Beggars, with biographical sketches of each -character.<a name="FNanchor_357" id="FNanchor_357"></a><a href="#Footnote_357" class="fnanchor">[357]</a> By this publication I gained more money<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">[224]</a></span> -than by all my antiquarian labours united. Her late -Majesty, Queen Charlotte, and the Princess Elizabeth, -much encouraged their publicity; but I must acknowledge -that my greatest success was owing to the warm and -friendly exertions of the late Charles Cowper,<a name="FNanchor_358" id="FNanchor_358"></a><a href="#Footnote_358" class="fnanchor">[358]</a> Esq., of -the Albany, a gentleman whose memory must be dear -to every one who had the pleasure of knowing him.</p> - -<p>Much about this time, the Print Room of the British -Museum was closed, in consequence of the death of the -highly talented Mr. William Alexander, when several -friends exerted their interest to procure me the situation -of Keeper, an appointment which, I hope, I have held with -no small benefit to that National Institution, and with -credit to myself. The interest required to obtain this -appointment may be conceived, when the number of -candidates is considered. The following letter was written -by his Grace the late Archbishop of Canterbury to one -of his Grace’s relations:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Addington</span>, <i>Sept. 16th, 1816</i>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">My dear Madam</span>,—With such interest as Mr. -J. T. Smith possesses, I am astonished he should think -it worth while to waste his strength in pursuit of such -a trifling office as that which is now vacant in the -Museum.</p> - -<p>“It is impossible to resist the testimony which your<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_225" id="Page_225">[225]</a></span> -Ladyship, and many others, have borne to his merits -and qualifications. He certainly shall have my vote; -and I have reason to believe he will have the votes of the -other two principal Trustees, to whom the appointment -belongs.</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">C. Cantuar.</span>”<a name="FNanchor_359" id="FNanchor_359"></a><a href="#Footnote_359" class="fnanchor">[359]</a></p> - -</div> - -<h3>1817.</h3> - -<p>Perhaps the only gala day now which gladdens the -heart of the loyal spectator, is the one afforded by Thomas -Doggett, comedian, on the 1st of August, to commemorate -the accession of the House of Brunswick. This scene is -sure to be picturesque and cheerful, should the glorious -sun, “that gems the sea, and every land that blooms,” -reflect the pendent streamers of its variegated show, in -the quivering eddies of Father Thames’s silver tide. At -what time Mr. Thomas Doggett was born, I am ignorant. -All I have been able to glean of him is, that Castle Street, -Dublin, has been stated as the place of his birth; and -that he had the honour of being the founder of our water -games. Colley Cibber, speaking of him, says, “As an actor -he was a great observer of Nature; and as a singer he -had no competitor.” He was the author of the <cite>Country -Wake</cite>, a comedy, and was a patentee of Drury Lane Theatre -until 1712; and my friend, Mr. Thomas Gilliland,<a name="FNanchor_360" id="FNanchor_360"></a><a href="#Footnote_360" class="fnanchor">[360]</a> in -his work entitled <cite>The Dramatic Mirror</cite>, states his death -to have taken place on the 22nd of September 1721.</p> - -<p>In 1715, the year after George <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> came to the throne, -Doggett, to quicken the industry and raise a laudable<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226">[226]</a></span> -emulation in our young men of the Thames, whereby -they not only may acquire a knowledge of the river, but -a skill in managing the oar with dexterity, gave an orange-coloured -coat and silver badge, on which was sculptured -the Hanoverian Horse, to the successful candidate of six -young watermen just out of their apprenticeship, to be -rowed for on the 1st of August, when the current was -strongest against them, starting from the “Old Swan,” -London Bridge, to the “Swan” at Chelsea. On the 1st -of August 1722, the year after Doggett’s death, pursuant -to the tenor of his will, the prize was first rowed for, and -has been given annually ever since.<a name="FNanchor_361" id="FNanchor_361"></a><a href="#Footnote_361" class="fnanchor">[361]</a></p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“They gripe their oars; and every panting breast</div> -<div class="verse">Is raised by turns with hope, by turns with fear deprest.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_227" id="Page_227">[227]</a></span></p> -<p>This gratifying sight I have often witnessed; and -the never-to-be-forgotten Charles Dibdin considered it so -pleasing a subject, that in 1774 he brought out at the -Haymarket Theatre a ballad opera, entitled <cite>The Waterman, -or the First of August</cite>. In this piece, Tom Tug, the hero, -is in love with a gardener’s daughter, before whom he -sings,</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“And did you not hear of a jolly young waterman,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Who at Blackfriars’ Bridge used for to ply;</div> -<div class="verse">And he feathered his oars with such skill and dexterity,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Winning each heart, and delighting each eye,” etc.</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Poor Tug, who considered himself slighted for another -lover, whom the girl of his heart appeared to prefer, after -declaring that he would go on board a man-of-war to cast -away his care, sings a song, of which the following is the -first verse:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Then farewell, my trim-built wherry,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Oars and coat and badge farewell!</div> -<div class="verse">Never more at Chelsea ferry</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Shall your Thomas take a spell,” etc.</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>However, Tom rowed for Doggett’s Coat and Badge, -which he had an eye upon, in order to obtain the girl, if -possible, by his prowess. She was seated at the Swan, -and admired the successful candidate before she discovered -him to be her suitor Thomas, then</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Blushed an answer to his wooing tale.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The part of Tom Tug was originally performed by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228">[228]</a></span> -Charles Bannister, and esteemed so great a favourite, that -Mr. Garrick selected the entertainment of <cite>The Waterman</cite>, -to follow the comedy of <cite>The Wonder</cite>, on the evening of his -last performance on the stage.<a name="FNanchor_362" id="FNanchor_362"></a><a href="#Footnote_362" class="fnanchor">[362]</a> Had the author of <cite>The -Waterman</cite>, when composing that little entertainment, suspected -that the Plague’s blood-red bills of</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“<span class="smcap">Lord, have mercy upon us</span>,”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p class="noindent">had been fixed upon this house, the Swan, his Muse most -likely would have whispered, “You must not sadden -these scenes.” Pepys, in his <cite>Diary</cite>, made the following -entry:—</p> - -<p>“<i>April 9th, 1666.</i>—Thinking to have been merry at -Chelsey, but being come almost to the house, by coach, -near the water-side, a house alone, I think the Swan, a -gentleman walking by called to us to tell us that the -house was shut up of the sickness.”</p> - -<h3>1818.</h3> - -<p>It is scarcely possible for any person, possessing the -smallest share of common observation, to pass through -ten streets in London, without noticing what is generally -denominated a character, either in dress, walk, pursuits, -or propensities. As even my enemies are willing to give -me credit for a most respectful attention to the ladies, -I hope they will not in this instance impeach my gallantry, -because I place the fair sex at the head of my table of -remarks, as to the eccentricity of some of their dresses.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[229]</a></span> -Miss Banks,<a name="FNanchor_363" id="FNanchor_363"></a><a href="#Footnote_363" class="fnanchor">[363]</a> the sister of Sir Joseph, was looked after -by the eye of astonishment wherever she went, and in -whatever situation she appeared. Her dress was that -of the <em>Old School</em>; her Barcelona quilted petticoat had -a hole on either side for the convenience of rummaging -two immense pockets, stuffed with books of all sizes. -This petticoat was covered with a deep stomachered -gown, sometimes drawn through the pocket-holes, similar -to those of many of the ladies of Bunbury’s time, which -he has introduced in his prints. In this dress I have -frequently seen her walk, followed by a six-foot servant -with a cane almost as tall as himself.</p> - -<p>Miss Banks, for so that lady was called for many years, -was frequently heard to relate the following curious anecdote -of herself. After making repeated inquiries of the -wall-vendors of halfpenny ballads for a particular one -which she wanted, she was informed by the claret-faced -woman, who strung up her stock by Middlesex Hospital-gates,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230">[230]</a></span> -that if she went to a printer in Long Lane, Smithfield, -probably he might supply her Ladyship with what -her Ladyship wanted. Away trudged Miss Banks through -Smithfield, “<em>all on a market-day</em>”; but before she entered -Mr. Thompson’s shop, she desired her man to wait for her -at the corner, by the plumb-pudding stall. “Yes, we -have it,” was the printer’s answer to the interrogative. -He then gave Miss Banks what is called a book, consisting -of many songs. Upon her expressing her surprise when -the man returned her eightpence from her shilling, and -the great quantity of songs he had given her, when she -only wanted one,—“What, then!” observed the man, -“are you not one of our chanters? I beg your pardon.”</p> - -<p>It has been stated that this lady and Lady Banks, -out of compliment to Sir Joseph, who had been deeply -engaged in the production of wool, had their riding-habits -made of his produce, in which dresses those ladies at one -period upon all occasions appeared. Indeed, so delighted -was Miss Banks with this <em>overall</em>-covering, that she actually -gave the habit-maker orders for three at a time,—and they -were called <em>Hightum</em>, <em>Tightum</em>, and <em>Scrub</em>. The first was -her best, the second her second best, and the third her -every-day one.</p> - -<p>I have been informed that once, when Miss Banks and -her sister-in-law visited a friend with whom they were to -stay several days, on the evening of their arrival they sat -down to dinner in their riding-habits. Their friend had -a large party after dinner to meet them, and they entered -the drawing-room in their riding-habits. On the following -morning they again appeared in their riding-habits; and -so on, to the astonishment of every one, till the conclusion -of their visit.</p> - -<p>Being in possession of an immense number of tradesmen’s<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[231]</a></span> -tokens current at this time, I left them in Soho -Square, with a note begging Miss Banks’s acceptance of -any she might want. After a few hours, her footman’s -knock at my door announced the arrival of Miss Banks, -who entered the parlour holding up the front of her riding-habit -with both hands, the contents of which she delivered -upon the table, at the same time observing “that she -considered herself extremely obliged to me for my politeness, -but that, extraordinary as it might appear, out of -so many hundred there was not one that she wanted.”</p> - -<p>Although Miss Banks displayed great attention to -many persons, there were others to whom she was wanting -in civility. I have heard that a great genius, who had -arrived a quarter of an hour before the time specified -upon the card for dinner, was shown into the drawing-room, -where Miss Banks was putting away what are -sometimes called <em>rattle-traps</em>.<a name="FNanchor_364" id="FNanchor_364"></a><a href="#Footnote_364" class="fnanchor">[364]</a> When the visitor observed, -“It is a fine day, Ma’am,” she replied, “I know nothing -at all about it; you must speak to my brother upon that -subject when you are at dinner.” Notwithstanding the -very singular appearance of Miss Banks, she was in the -prime of life, a fashionable whip, and drove four-in-hand.</p> - -<p>Mrs. Carter,<a name="FNanchor_365" id="FNanchor_365"></a><a href="#Footnote_365" class="fnanchor">[365]</a> the translator of Epictetus, was also<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232">[232]</a></span> -singular in her dress. Her upper walking-garment, in -the latter part of her life, which was cut short, was more -like a bed-gown than anything else. The last time I met -this benevolent lady was in 1801, at Mrs. Dards’s exhibition,<a name="FNanchor_366" id="FNanchor_366"></a><a href="#Footnote_366" class="fnanchor">[366]</a> -an immense collection of artificial flowers made -entirely by herself with fish-bones, the incessant labour -of many years. I remember, in the course of conversation, -Mrs. Dards observed, “No one can imagine the trouble I -had in collecting the bones for that bunch of lilies of the -valley; each cup consists of the bones which contain the -brains of the turbot; and from the difficulty of matching -the sizes, I never should have completed my task had it -not been for the kindness of the proprietors of the London, -Free-Masons’, and Crown and Anchor Taverns, who desired -their waiters to save all the fish-bones for me.”</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 535px;" id="illus39"> - -<img src="images/illus39.jpg" width="535" height="600" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">HENRY CONSTANTINE JENNINGS (OR NOEL)</p> - -<p class="caption">“… barring his eccentricities.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>This ingenious person distributed a card embellished -with flowers and insects, upon which was engraven the -following advertisement:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">No. 1, Suffolk Street, Cockspur Street.</span></p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Mrs. Dards</span> begs leave to inform her friends in -particular, and the public in general, that after a labour -of thirty years, she has for their inspection and amusement -opened an exhibition of shell-work, consisting of a great -variety of beautiful objects equal to nature, which are<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233">[233]</a></span> -minutely described in the catalogue. Likewise is enabled -to gratify them</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“<i>With bones, scales, and eyes, from the prawn to the porpoise,</i></div> -<div class="verse"><i>Fruit, flies, birds, and flowers, oh, strange metamorphose!</i>”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>“Open from ten to six in the summer,—from ten to -four in the winter.</p> - -<p class="center">“<span class="smcap">Admittance</span> 1s. <span class="smcap">Catalogue</span> 6d.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>Mr. Jennings,<a name="FNanchor_367" id="FNanchor_367"></a><a href="#Footnote_367" class="fnanchor">[367]</a> latterly known as Constantine Noel, -barring his eccentricities, was an accomplished gentleman, -a traveller of infinite taste, and one of the most liberal<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234">[234]</a></span> -and entertaining companions imaginable. Mr. Noel’s -figure was short, thin, and much bent by age; and he -was very singular in his dress. The crown of his hat -fitted his head as close as a <em>pitch-plaster</em>; his coat was -short, of common cloth, and, like Mr. Wodhull’s, regularly -buttoned up from his waist to his chin. His stockings -were not striped blue and white, like those of Sir Thomas -Stepney,<a name="FNanchor_368" id="FNanchor_368"></a><a href="#Footnote_368" class="fnanchor">[368]</a> but of <em>pepper-and-salt</em> mixture, and of worsted. -He stepped astride in consequence of the bowness of his -legs, and generally attracted notice by striking his walking-stick -hard on the stones with his right arm fully extended, -while his left hung swinging low before him. He wore -thick-sole shoes, with small buckles, and seldom showed -linen beyond the depths of his stock.</p> - -<p>My father, who knew him well, used to relate the annexed -anecdote. Mr. Noel one day, when at the corner -of Rathbone Place, close to Wright’s, the intelligent grocer, -finding himself rather fatigued, called repeatedly to the -first coachman, who, after laughing at him for some time, -increased the insult by observing, “A coach, indeed! a -coach! who’s to pay for it?”</p> - -<p>“You rascal,” exclaimed Mr. Noel, clenching his -stick in the position of chastisement, “why don’t you -come when I call, Sir; I’ll make an example of you, I -will.”</p> - -<p>The coachman continued laughing, till a gentleman<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_235" id="Page_235">[235]</a></span> -accosted Mr. Jennings thus:—“My worthy friend, what -is all this about?”</p> - -<p>The coachman was immediately curbed; and when -Mr. Noel’s friend had parted with him, by shaking his hand -in the coach, the coachman, touching the front of his -hat, wished to know of his <em>honour</em> “<em>Where to?</em>”</p> - -<p>“I’ll give you a pretty dance,” replied Mr. Noel; -“drive me to h——, you rascal; to Whitechapel, and from -thence to Hyde Park Corner. I’ll take care it shall be -long enough before you get any dinner, you rascal, I will.” -Then, with a nod and a smile to the assembled crowd, he -declared, to their no small amusement, “I’ll punish him.”</p> - -<p>Dr. Burges, of Mortimer Street, whose singular figure -has been etched by Gillray, under which he wrote, “From -Warwick Lane,” was one of the last men who wore a -cocked-hat and deep ruffles. What rendered his appearance -more remarkable, he walked on tiptoe.<a name="FNanchor_369" id="FNanchor_369"></a><a href="#Footnote_369" class="fnanchor">[369]</a></p> - -<p>It was the regular custom of Mr. Alderman Boydell, -who was a very early riser, at five o’clock, to go immediately -to the pump in Ironmonger Lane. There, after placing -his wig upon the ball at the top of it, he used to sluice his -head with its water. This well-known and highly respected -character,<a name="FNanchor_370" id="FNanchor_370"></a><a href="#Footnote_370" class="fnanchor">[370]</a> who has done more for the British artists than<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_236" id="Page_236">[236]</a></span> -all the print-publishers put together, was also one of the -last men who wore the three-cornered hat commonly -called “Egham, Staines, and Windsor.”</p> - -<p>I recollect another character, a bricklayer, of the -name of Pride, of Vine Street, Piccadilly, who wore the -three-cornered hat commonly called “The Cumberland -Cock.”<a name="FNanchor_371" id="FNanchor_371"></a><a href="#Footnote_371" class="fnanchor">[371]</a></p> - -<h3>1822.</h3> - -<p>In October this year the venerable Mrs. Garrick departed -this life, when seated in her armchair in the front -drawing-room of her house in the Adelphi. She had -ordered her maid-servants to place two or three gowns -upon chairs, to determine in which she would appear at -Drury Lane Theatre that evening, it being a private view -of Mr. Elliston’s improvements for the season. Perhaps -no lady in public and private life held a more unexceptionable -character. She was visited by persons of the first -rank; even our late Queen Charlotte, who had honoured -her with a visit at Hampton, found her peeling onions for -pickling. The gracious Queen commanded a knife to be -brought, saying, “I will peel some onions too.” The -late King George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> and King William <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, as well as -other branches of the Royal Family, frequently honoured -her with visits.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_237" id="Page_237">[237]</a></span></p> - -<p>In the course of conversation with Mrs. Garrick (to -whom I had been introduced by the late Dr. Burney), -that lady expressed a wish to see the collection of Mr. -Garrick’s portraits, which the Doctor had most industriously -collected. After the honourable trustees had purchased -the Doctor’s library, which contained ten folio volumes -of theatrical portraits, I reminded Mrs. Garrick of her -wish, in consequence of which I received the following -letter:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“Mr. Beltz<a name="FNanchor_372" id="FNanchor_372"></a><a href="#Footnote_372" class="fnanchor">[372]</a> presents his compliments to Mr. Smith, -and is desired by his respected friend Mrs. Garrick to -acquaint him, in answer to the favour of his letter of the -12th inst., that she proposes (unless she should hear from Mr. -Smith that it will be inconvenient to him) to do herself the -pleasure of calling on him at the British Museum on Tuesday -next, between twelve and one, for the purpose of inspecting -the prints of Mr. Garrick, to which Mr. Smith refers.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Heralds’ College</span>, <i>Aug. 18th, 1821</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>On the appointed morning Mrs. Garrick arrived, accompanied -by Mr. Beltz. She was delighted with the -portraits of Mr. Garrick, many of which were totally -unknown to her. Her observations on some of them were -extremely interesting, particularly that by Dance, as -Richard <span class="smcapuc">III.</span><a name="FNanchor_373" id="FNanchor_373"></a><a href="#Footnote_373" class="fnanchor">[373]</a> Of that painter she stated, that Mr. Garrick,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_238" id="Page_238">[238]</a></span> -who had been the artist’s best friend and benefactor, -behaved in the most dirty manner in return; for in the -course of his painting the picture Mr. Garrick had agreed -to give him two hundred guineas for it. One day at Mr. -Garrick’s dining-table, where Dance had always been a -welcome guest, he observed that Sir Watkin Williams -Wynn,<a name="FNanchor_374" id="FNanchor_374"></a><a href="#Footnote_374" class="fnanchor">[374]</a> who had seen the picture, spontaneously offered -him three hundred guineas for it. “Did you tell him it -was for me?” questioned Mr. Garrick. “No, I did not.” -“Then you mean to let him have it?” Garrick rejoined. -“Yes, I believe I shall,” replied the painter. “However,” -observed Mrs. Garrick, “my husband was very good; -he bought me a most handsome looking-glass, which cost -him more than the agreed price of the picture; and that -was put up in the place where Dance’s picture was to have -hung.” Mrs. Garrick being about to quit her seat, said -she should be glad to see me at Hampton. “Madam,” -said I, “you are very good; but you would oblige me -exceedingly by honouring me with your signature on this -day.” “What do you ask me for? I have not taken a -pen in my hand for many months. Stay, let me compose -myself; don’t hurry me, and I will see what I can do. -Would you like it written with my spectacles on, or without?” -Preferring the latter, she wrote “E. M. Garrick,” -but not without some exertion.</p> - -<p>“I suppose now, Sir, you wish to know my age. I -was born at Vienna, the 29th of February, 1724, though -my coachman insists upon it that I am above a hundred. -I was married at the parish of St. Giles at eight o’clock<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_239" id="Page_239">[239]</a></span> -in the morning, and immediately afterwards in the chapel -of the Portuguese Ambassador, in South Audley Street.”</p> - -<p>A day or two after Mrs. Garrick’s death, I went to the -Adelphi, to know if a day had been fixed for the funeral. -“No,” replied George Harris, one of Mrs. Garrick’s confidential -servants; “but I will let you know when it is to -take place. Would you like to see her? she is in her -coffin.” “Yes, I should.” Upon entering the back room -on the first-floor, in which Mr. Garrick died, I found the -deceased’s two female servants standing by her remains. -I made a drawing of her, and intended to have etched it. -“Pray, do tell me,” looking at one of the maids, “why is the -coffin covered with sheets?” “They are their wedding -sheets, in which both Mr. and Mrs. Garrick wished to -have died.” I was informed that one of these attentive -women had incurred her mistress’s displeasure by kindly -pouring out a cup of tea, and handing it to her in her -chair. “Put it down, you hussey; do you think I cannot -help myself?” She took it herself, and a short time after -she had put it to her lips, died. This lady continued her -practice of swearing now and then, particularly when any -one attempted to impose upon her. A stonemason brought -in his bill with an overcharge of sixpence more than the -sum agreed upon; on which occasion he endeavoured to -appease her rage by thus addressing her:—“My dear -Madam, do consider”—“My dear Madam! What do -you mean, you d—— fellow? Get out of the house immediately. -My dear madam, indeed!!”</p> - -<p>On the following day I received the promised letter, -by the post.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Sir</span>,—The funeral is fixed to leave the Adelphi Terrace -soon after ten o’clock to-morrow morning. Mrs. Garrick’s<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_240" id="Page_240">[240]</a></span> -carriage, the Dowager Lady Amherst’s, Dr. Maton’s, and -Mr. Carr’s<a name="FNanchor_375" id="FNanchor_375"></a><a href="#Footnote_375" class="fnanchor">[375]</a> are the only carriages that will join the funeral. -Your obedient servant,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">George Harris</span>,</p> - -<p>“Servant to Mrs. Garrick.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>On the day of the funeral, Miss Macauley,<a name="FNanchor_376" id="FNanchor_376"></a><a href="#Footnote_376" class="fnanchor">[376]</a> the authoress, -wishing to see this venerable lady interred, placed herself -under my protection; but when we arrived at the Abbey, -we were refused admittance by a person who observed, -“If it be your wish to see the waxwork, you must come -when the funeral’s over, and you will then be admitted -into Poets’ Corner, by a man who is stationed at the door -to receive your money.”</p> - -<p>“Curse the waxwork!” said I; “this lady and I came -to see Mrs. Garrick’s remains placed in the grave.”—“Ah,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_241" id="Page_241">[241]</a></span> -well, you can’t come in; the Dean won’t allow it.” As -soon as the ceremony was over, we were admitted for -sixpence at the Poets’ Corner, and there we saw the earth -that surrounded the grave, and no more, as we refused -to pay the demands of the showmen of the Abbey. Surely -this mode of admission to see the venerable structure, and -the monuments put up there at a most liberal expense -by the country, as memorials of departed worth, is an -abominable disgrace to the English Government.<a name="FNanchor_377" id="FNanchor_377"></a><a href="#Footnote_377" class="fnanchor">[377]</a></p> - -<p>Being disappointed in a sight of the burial, I applied -to my friend, the Rev. Thomas Rackett, one of Mrs. -Garrick’s executors, for a list of those persons who attended -the funeral.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">IN THE FIRST COACH.</p> - -<p>Christopher Philip Garrick, and Nathan Egerton Garrick, -great-nephews of David Garrick; the Rev. Thomas Rackett, -and George Frederick Beltz, Esq., Lancaster Herald, -Executors of Mrs. Garrick’s will.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_242" id="Page_242">[242]</a></span></p> - -<p class="center">IN THE SECOND COACH.</p> - -<p>Thomas Carr, Esq., Mrs. Garrick’s solicitor; and Mrs. -Carr.</p> - -<p class="center">IN THE THIRD COACH.</p> - -<p>Mr. James Deane, Agent to Mr. Carr, frequently employed -by Mrs. Garrick; Mr. Freeman, of Spring Gardens, -Mrs. Garrick’s apothecary.</p> - -<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Thomas Rackett.</span><a name="FNanchor_378" id="FNanchor_378"></a><a href="#Footnote_378" class="fnanchor">[378]</a></p> - -<p><i>December 4th, 1827.</i></p> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 525px;" id="illus40"> - -<img src="images/illus40.jpg" width="525" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">THE GARRICKS</p> - -<div class="c-container smaller"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“The fops that join to cry you down</div> -<div class="verse">Would give their ears to get her.”</div> -<div class="verse right"><cite>Edward Moore on Garrick’s Marriage</cite></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<p>As Mr. Garrick was married by his friend, the celebrated -Dr. Francklin,<a name="FNanchor_379" id="FNanchor_379"></a><a href="#Footnote_379" class="fnanchor">[379]</a> who at that time had a chapel in -Great Queen Street, I was anxious to ascertain whether -the ceremony took place there or at the parish church. -I therefore applied to my friend, the Rev. Charles<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_243" id="Page_243">[243]</a></span> -M’Carthy, who favoured me with the following certificate:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>June 22, 1749. David Garrick, of St. Paul, Covent -Garden; and Eva Maria Violetti, of St. James’s, Westminster.</p> - -<div class="r-container"> -<ul> -<li><span class="smcap">T. Franklin.</span></li> -<li><span class="smcap">C. M’Carthy</span>, Curate and Reg.<a name="FNanchor_380" id="FNanchor_380"></a><a href="#Footnote_380" class="fnanchor">[380]</a></li> -</ul> -</div> - -</div> - -<h3>1823.</h3> - -<p>In 1822, to the disgrace of the Antwerp picture collectors, -notwithstanding their professed zeal for the -protection of high works of art, they allowed the most -precious gem, their boasted corner-stone, to be carried -away from their city. However, to the great honour of -Mr. Smith, the picture-dealer, it was secured for England.</p> - -<p>This corner-stone, which had been coveted by most of -the amateurs in the world, was no less a treasure than the -picture known under the appellation of the “Chapeau de<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_244" id="Page_244">[244]</a></span> -Paille,”<a name="FNanchor_381" id="FNanchor_381"></a><a href="#Footnote_381" class="fnanchor">[381]</a> by Rubens, which had been in the Lunden’s, and -then the Steir’s family, from the time it was sold after -the painter’s death, to the 29th of July, 1822, the day on -which it was brought to auction for the benefit of the -last possessor’s family.</p> - -<p>When the auctioneer ordered the doors of the case in -which it was kept to be thrown open, every person took -off his hat, and greeted the picture with loud and repeated -cheerings. After the company had, for some time, gratified -their eyes, the doors were locked and biddings commenced, -the company remaining uncovered till the bidders were -silent. It was then knocked down for the sum of thirty-two -thousand seven hundred florins, to a foreigner displaying -an orange ribbon, hired by the real purchaser, -Mr. Smith, who suspected that if an Englishman had -offered to bid, he would have brought down a direful -opposition. When it was discovered that it was to be -conveyed to England, the Antwerpers not only shed -tears, but followed it to Mr. Smith’s place of residence, -expressing the strongest desire to take their farewell look.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_245" id="Page_245">[245]</a></span> -Mr. Smith, not willing to risk its safety, gave a seaman -five guineas to convey it on shipboard by night, and saw -it safely landed on British ground.</p> - -<p>Upon its arrival in London, King George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> commanded -a sight of it; and on the morning of Tuesday, -September 3rd, Mr. Smith had it conveyed from his house -in Marlborough Street, to Carlton Palace, where it was -placed in the King’s dressing-room, the King keeping -the key of the case, that only private friends might see -it. After the expiration of a fortnight, the picture was -returned; and in the month of March, 1823, it was publicly -exhibited at Stanley’s rooms. The Right Hon. Sir Robert -Peel became its liberal purchaser and protector. This -picture is painted on oak, and has been joined at the lower -part across the hands, and there is every reason for believing -that Rubens painted it in the frame, as the ground -was unpainted upon, within the width of the rabbit.</p> - -<p>The popular report respecting this picture is, that it -was the portrait of Elizabeth Lunden, a young woman -to whom Rubens was particularly partial, who died of -the small-pox, to the great grief of the painter.</p> - -<p>In this year I find the following letter in my album:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">My dear Sir</span>,—Your desire to know the place of my -nativity, the profession for which I was intended, my first -appearance on the stage, and in town. This both honours -and gratifies me, inasmuch as your request places my name -with men of genius and education, the persons of all others -I am most ambitious to be found with.</p> - -<p>“The city of Bristol gave me birth, in 1778.<a name="FNanchor_382" id="FNanchor_382"></a><a href="#Footnote_382" class="fnanchor">[382]</a> I was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_246" id="Page_246">[246]</a></span> -brought up an artist, which profession I quitted for -studies more congenial to my feelings. Immortal Shakspeare -wrought the change, and his great contemporaries -added fuel to flame. Notwithstanding this mighty -stimulus, in the year 1798 I made my first attempt, in -the part of young Hob, in <cite>Hob in the Well</cite>,<a name="FNanchor_383" id="FNanchor_383"></a><a href="#Footnote_383" class="fnanchor">[383]</a> in a town -in Radnorshire, the theatre a barn in the environs; the -receipts seven shillings; my share sevenpence. I removed -from this luxury to the Stafford Company, thence to the -York Theatre, where I succeeded my friend Mathews, and -in which situation I remained seven years.</p> - -<p>“October 12th, 1809, I made my début in London, -in the Theatre Royal, Lyceum, with the Drury Lane Company. -The devouring element had destroyed that magnificent -pile Old Drury, which caused the professors to -employ that place of refuge. The pieces I selected for -the terrific ordeal, were <cite>The Soldier’s Daughter</cite> and <cite>Fortune’s -Frolic</cite>;<a name="FNanchor_384" id="FNanchor_384"></a><a href="#Footnote_384" class="fnanchor">[384]</a> the characters, Timothy Quaint and Robin -Roughhead. The public were infinitely more kind than -my negative merits deserved; and with gratitude I acknowledge, -that up to the present period, their bounty -very far exceeds the humble ability of their devoted servant, -and your true friend,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Edward Knight</span>.<a name="FNanchor_385" id="FNanchor_385"></a><a href="#Footnote_385" class="fnanchor">[385]</a></p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Theatre Royal, Drury Lane</span>,</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Garden Cottage, Covent Garden, ground chambers</span>,</p> - -<p>“<i>Nov. 15th, 1823</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_247" id="Page_247">[247]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1824.</h3> - -<p>The following notice is written in my album this year, -by Major Cartwright:—</p> - -<p>“John Cartwright, born at Marnham, near Tuxford, -in the county of Nottingham, on the 17th of September, -1740, old style, corresponding with the 28th, new style. -In the year 1758 he entered the naval service, under the -command of Lord Howe; was promoted to a lieutenancy -in September, 1762, and continued on active service until -the spring of 1771. Then retiring to recruit his health, -he remained at Marnham till invited by his old Commander-in-chief, -in the year 1775 or 1776; but not approving of -the war with America, he declined accepting the proffered -commission. About the same time he became Major of -the regiment of Nottinghamshire Militia, then for the first -time raised in that county, in which he served seventeen -years.</p> - -<p>“When George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> arrived at the year of the Jubilee, -a naval promotion of twenty Lieutenants to the rank of -Commanders, and the name of J. C. standing the twentieth -on the list, he was commissioned as a Commander accordingly.</p> - -<p>“In the year 1802 he published <cite>The Trident</cite>, a work in -quarto, having for its object to promote that elevation -of character which can alone preserve the vital spirit of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_248" id="Page_248">[248]</a></span> -a navy, as well as to furnish an inexhaustible patronage -of the arts.</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">John Cartwright</span>, residing in Burton Crescent, <i>26th Jan., 1824</i>.”</p> - -<p>The Major died on the 23rd of September this year, -at his house in Burton Crescent, at the venerable age of -eighty-four.<a name="FNanchor_386" id="FNanchor_386"></a><a href="#Footnote_386" class="fnanchor">[386]</a></p> - -<h3>1825.</h3> - -<p>An author, in whose real character I was for many years -deceived, frequently importuned me to caricature literary -females. But this malicious advice, being repugnant to -my feelings, I never could listen to, nor is it my intention -even to make public a memory-sketch now in my possession -of the adviser, when he was stooping over and pretending -to kiss the putrid corpse of him a portion of whose vast -property he is in possession of, and, I was going to say, -happily enjoys.<a name="FNanchor_387" id="FNanchor_387"></a><a href="#Footnote_387" class="fnanchor">[387]</a> Profoundly learned as the person above<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_249" id="Page_249">[249]</a></span> -alluded to considers himself to be, the reader will, after -perusing the following lines, written purposely for my -album, be convinced that jealousy towards the fair sex -must be that man’s master-passion.</p> - -<p class="center">IMPROMPTU LINES BY MISS BENGER, ON THE PAUCITY -OF INFORMATION RESPECTING THE LIFE AND -CHARACTER OF SHAKSPEARE.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Lives there, redeemed from dull oblivion’s waste,</div> -<div class="verse">One cherished line that <em>Shakspeare’s</em> hand has traced?</div> -<div class="verse">Vain search! though glory crowns the poet’s bust,</div> -<div class="verse">His story sleeps with his unconscious dust.</div> -<div class="verse">Born—wedded—buried! Such the common lot,</div> -<div class="verse">And such was his. What more? almost a blot!</div> -<div class="verse">Even on his laurelled head with doubt we gaze;</div> -<div class="verse">And <em>fancy</em> best his lineaments portrays.</div> -<div class="verse">Thus like an Indian deity enshrined,</div> -<div class="verse">In mystery is his image; whilst the mind</div> -<div class="verse">To us bequeathed, belongs to all mankind.</div> -<div class="verse">Yet here he lived; his manly high career</div> -<div class="verse">Of strange vicissitude, was measured here.</div> -<div class="verse">Not his the envied privilege to hail</div> -<div class="verse">The Eternal City! or in Tempe’s vale</div> -<div class="verse">Breathe inspiration with luxurious sighs,</div> -<div class="verse">And dream of Heaven beneath unclouded skies.</div> -<div class="verse">His sphere was bounded, and we almost trace</div> -<div class="verse">His daily haunts, where he was wont to chase</div> -<div class="verse">Unwelcome cares, or visions fair recall;</div> -<div class="verse">His breath still lingers on the cloistral wall,</div> -<div class="verse">With gloom congenial to his spirit fraught;</div> -<div class="verse">And thou, O Thames, his lonely sighs hast caught.</div> -<div class="verse">When one, the rhyming Charon of his day,</div> -<div class="verse">Who tugged the oar, yet conned a merry lay,</div><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_250" id="Page_250">[250]</a></span> -<div class="verse">Full oft unconscious of the freight he bore,</div> -<div class="verse">Transferred the musing bard from shore to shore.</div> -<div class="verse">Too careless <em>Taylor!</em> hadst thou well divined</div> -<div class="verse">The marvellous man to thy frail skiff consigned,</div> -<div class="verse">Thou shouldst have craved one tributary line,</div> -<div class="verse">To blend his glorious destiny with thine!</div> -<div class="verse">Nor vain the prayer!—who generous homage pays</div> -<div class="verse">To genius, wins the second meed of praise.<a name="FNanchor_388" id="FNanchor_388"></a><a href="#Footnote_388" class="fnanchor">[388]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The much-famed Cup, carved from Shakspeare’s -Mulberry-tree, lined with, and standing on a base of silver, -with a cover surmounted by a branch of mulberry leaves -and fruit, also of silver-gilt, which was presented to Mr. -Garrick on the occasion of the Jubilee at Stratford-upon-Avon, -was sold by Mr. Christie on May the 5th, 1825,<a name="FNanchor_389" id="FNanchor_389"></a><a href="#Footnote_389" class="fnanchor">[389]</a> -who addressed the assembly nearly in the following words, -for the recollection of which I am obliged to the memory -of my worthy friend, Henry Smedley, Esq.:<a name="FNanchor_390" id="FNanchor_390"></a><a href="#Footnote_390" class="fnanchor">[390]</a>—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“Though this is neither the age nor the country in -which relics are made the objects of devotion, yet that -which I am now to submit to you must recall to your -recollection the Stratford Jubilee, when the pilgrims to -the shrine of Avon were actuated by a zeal as fervent as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_251" id="Page_251">[251]</a></span> -could have been exhibited either at Loretto or Compostella. -Let me then entreat a liberal bidding, when I invoke you -by the united names of Shakspeare and of Garrick. I -perceive that this little Cup is now submitted to eyes well -accustomed to appreciate the most exquisite treasures of -ancient arts; and that the rough and natural bark of the -mulberry-tree is regarded with as much veneration as the -choicest carving of Cellini or Fiamingo.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>After one hundred guineas had been bid, Mr. Christie -added, “I was wishing that I had some of Falstaff’s sack -here, with which I might fill the Cup, and pledge this company, -so as to invigorate their biddings; but I think I -may say now that at least there is no want of spirit among -them.”</p> - -<h3>1826.</h3> - -<p>The term <em>busby</em>, now sometimes used when a large -bushy wig is spoken of, most probably originated from -the wig denominated a buzz, frizzled and bushy. At all -events, we are not satisfied that the term busby could -have arisen, as many persons believe, from Dr. Busby, -Master of Westminster School, as all his portraits either -represent him with a close cap, or with a cap and hat.<a name="FNanchor_391" id="FNanchor_391"></a><a href="#Footnote_391" class="fnanchor">[391]</a></p> - -<p>During a most minute investigation of a regular series -of English portraits, which I was led into by a friend, in -order, if possible, to clear up this point, I was induced to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_252" id="Page_252">[252]</a></span> -look for the origin of wigs in England, and their various -sorts and successions, by commencing at the time of William -the Conqueror. In this search I was not able to find any -representation of wigs earlier than those worn by King -Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span><a name="FNanchor_392" id="FNanchor_392"></a><a href="#Footnote_392" class="fnanchor">[392]</a> upon his Restoration, in proof of which I refer the -reader to Faithorne’s numerous portraits of that monarch, -and he will find that that sort of wig continued to be worn, -with very little deviation, by succeeding kings till George -<span class="smcapuc">II.</span>’s time, with whom it ended. The Merry Monarch, -it has been stated, followed the fashion of wearing a wig -from Louis <span class="smcapuc">XIV.</span>,<a name="FNanchor_393" id="FNanchor_393"></a><a href="#Footnote_393" class="fnanchor">[393]</a> with whom that custom commenced<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_253" id="Page_253">[253]</a></span> -with the kings of France. The Duke of Burgundy wore -a wig.</p> - -<p>King George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> commenced his reign with wearing his -own hair dressed and powdered in the style of Woollett’s -beautiful engraving of his Majesty,<a name="FNanchor_394" id="FNanchor_394"></a><a href="#Footnote_394" class="fnanchor">[394]</a> after a picture painted -by Ramsey. King George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> wore a wig, in the latter -part of his reign, made from one of those worn by Mr. -Duvall, one of the masons of the Board of Works, with -which shape his Majesty was much pleased.</p> - -<p>The line in Pope,</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Eternal buckle takes in Parian stone,”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p class="noindent">alludes to the wig carved on the monument of Sir Cloudesley -Shovel in Westminster Abbey.<a name="FNanchor_395" id="FNanchor_395"></a><a href="#Footnote_395" class="fnanchor">[395]</a></p> - -<p>This sort of wig, which received the appellation of -“A Brown George,” was also worn by several persons of -rank, particularly the late Earl of Cremorne.<a name="FNanchor_396" id="FNanchor_396"></a><a href="#Footnote_396" class="fnanchor">[396]</a> Townsend,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_254" id="Page_254">[254]</a></span> -a Bow-street officer, condescendingly noticed by the King, -thought proper to wear a wig of this kind, in which he -appeared at the morning service in Westminster Abbey.</p> - -<p>It is worthy of observation, that in the reign of King -Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span> the Lord Mayors of London followed his -Majesty’s example, by wearing wigs precisely of the same -make, and equal to those worn by the Royal Family, the -highest courtiers, and persons of the first eminence in -official capacities. Nay indeed, Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey, -a wood and coal-monger, wore wigs of this shape, perhaps -because he was a Justice of the Peace within the King’s -Court. The same kind of wig, equally deep, but with curls -rather looser and more tastefully flowing, was also worn -by the following high literary characters in the reigns of -Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span>, James <span class="smcapuc">II.</span>, William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, and Queen Anne:—Waller, -Dryden, Addison, Steele, Congreve, Vanbrugh, -Butler, Rowe, Prior, Wycherley, etc.<a name="FNanchor_397" id="FNanchor_397"></a><a href="#Footnote_397" class="fnanchor">[397]</a> Of these, perhaps -the two last-mentioned were the most foppish in their -wigs, particularly Wycherley, from whom the sets of large -and beautifully engraven combs of the finest tortoise-shell -are named. With these combs (which were carried in -cases in their pockets) the wearers of wigs adjusted their -curls, ruffled and entangled by the wind. These combs -are held as curiosities by many of our old families. The -last I saw was in the possession of the friendly Dr. Meyrick, -author of <cite>The History of Armour</cite>. I have somewhere read -that Wycherley, who was esteemed one of the handsomest -men of his day, was frequently seen standing in the pit -of the theatre combing and adjusting the curls of his wig,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_255" id="Page_255">[255]</a></span> -whilst in lolling conversation with the first ladies of fashion -in the boxes.<a name="FNanchor_398" id="FNanchor_398"></a><a href="#Footnote_398" class="fnanchor">[398]</a> Most of Sir Godfrey Kneller’s portraits -were painted in this flowing wig, particularly that celebrated -series entitled Queen Anne’s Admirals.<a name="FNanchor_399" id="FNanchor_399"></a><a href="#Footnote_399" class="fnanchor">[399]</a> These -pictures were lately moved by command of King George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> -from Hampton Court Palace to the Nautical Gallery in -Greenwich Hospital, where they are placed to the highest -advantage among numerous other portraits of England’s -naval victors.</p> - -<p>The actors at this time wore immense wigs, particularly -Bullock, Penkethman, etc.; Cibber’s was in moderation. -It must here be observed, that I now allude to their private -wigs; their state wigs were, as they are now, purposely -caricatured to please the galleries.<a name="FNanchor_400" id="FNanchor_400"></a><a href="#Footnote_400" class="fnanchor">[400]</a> I believe that the first -wig worn by an English divine was that of John Wallis,<a name="FNanchor_401" id="FNanchor_401"></a><a href="#Footnote_401" class="fnanchor">[401]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_256" id="Page_256">[256]</a></span> -engraved by Burghers, and published at Oxford in the -year 1699; it was profusely curled, but not so deep over -the shoulders as those of statesmen.</p> - -<p>There were many singular, and, indeed, learned characters -whose wigs were peculiarly shaped, such, for instance, -as that of Bubb Doddington, Lord Chesterfield, and the -Duke of Newcastle. MacArdell’s print of Lord Anson, -after a picture by Sir Joshua Reynolds, was, I have every -reason to think, the first of the shape erroneously called -the Busby. This sort, Dr. Samuel Johnson, Armstrong, -Hunter, the Rev. George Whitfield, Lord Monboddo, etc., -wore in their latter years.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 520px;" id="illus41"> - -<img src="images/illus41.jpg" width="520" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">DR. OLIVER GOLDSMITH</p> - -<p class="caption">“The fellow took me for a tailor.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>The earliest engraved portraits of Dr. Johnson exhibit -a wig with five rows of curls, commonly called “a story -wig.”<a name="FNanchor_402" id="FNanchor_402"></a><a href="#Footnote_402" class="fnanchor">[402]</a> Among the old dandies of this description of wig -we may class Mr. Saunders Welch, Mr. Nollekens’ father-in-law—he -had nine storeys. So was that worn by Mr. -Nathaniel Hillier,<a name="FNanchor_403" id="FNanchor_403"></a><a href="#Footnote_403" class="fnanchor">[403]</a> an extensive print-collector, as is represented<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_257" id="Page_257">[257]</a></span> -in an engraved portrait of that gentleman. Dr. -Goldsmith’s wig was small and remarkably slovenly, as -may be seen by Bretherton’s etching. Sir Joshua’s portrait -of him is without a wig. Mr. Garrick’s wigs (I mean his -private ones) were three in number,—the first is engraved -by Wood, published in the year 1745; the second is by -Sherwin, engraved for Tom Davies; the last is from a -private plate by Mrs. Solly, after a drawing by Dance. -I will leave off here with the wig, and give a few instances -of the tails. These perhaps originated with the Chinese, -but the first specimen of a tail, which I have hitherto been -able to procure, to which a date can be given, is in Sherwin’s -print of Frederick, King of Prussia.<a name="FNanchor_404" id="FNanchor_404"></a><a href="#Footnote_404" class="fnanchor">[404]</a></p> - -<h3>1827.</h3> - -<p>The Londoners, but more particularly the inhabitants -of Westminster, who had been for years accustomed to -recreate within the chequered shade of Millbank’s willows, -have been by degrees deprived of that pleasure, as there -are now very few trees remaining, and those so scanty -of foliage, by being nearly stript of their bark, that the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_258" id="Page_258">[258]</a></span> -public are no longer induced to tread their once sweetly -variegated banks.<a name="FNanchor_405" id="FNanchor_405"></a><a href="#Footnote_405" class="fnanchor">[405]</a></p> - -<p>Here, on many a summer’s evening, Gainsborough, -accompanied by his friend Collins, amused himself by -sketching docks and nettles, which afforded the Wynants -and Cuyp-like effects to the foregrounds of his rich and -glowing landscapes. Collins resided in Tothill Fields, -and was the modeller of rustic subjects for tablets of -chimneypieces in vogue about seventy years back. Most -of them were taken from Æsop’s Fables, and are here -and there to be met with in houses that have been suffered -to remain in their original state. I recollect one, that -of the “Bear and Bee-hives,” in the back drawing-room -of the house formerly the mansion of the Duke of Ancaster -on the western side of Lincoln’s Inn Fields.<a name="FNanchor_406" id="FNanchor_406"></a><a href="#Footnote_406" class="fnanchor">[406]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_259" id="Page_259">[259]</a></span></p> - -<p>Millbank, which originally extended with its pollarded -willows from Belgrave House<a name="FNanchor_407" id="FNanchor_407"></a><a href="#Footnote_407" class="fnanchor">[407]</a> to the White Lead Mills -at the corner of the lane leading to “Jenny’s Whim,” -afforded similar subjects to those selected by four of the -old rural painters; for instance, the boat-builders’ sheds -on the bank, with their men at work on the shore, might -have been chosen by Everdingen;<a name="FNanchor_408" id="FNanchor_408"></a><a href="#Footnote_408" class="fnanchor">[408]</a> the wooden steps -from the bank, the floating timber, and old men in their -boats, with the Vauxhall and Battersea windmills, by Van -Goyen;<a name="FNanchor_409" id="FNanchor_409"></a><a href="#Footnote_409" class="fnanchor">[409]</a> the various colours of the tiles of the cart-sheds, -entwined by the autumnal tinged vines, backed with the -most prolific orchards, with the women gathering the garden -produce for the ensuing day’s market, would have pleased -Ruysdael;<a name="FNanchor_410" id="FNanchor_410"></a><a href="#Footnote_410" class="fnanchor">[410]</a> and the basket-maker’s overhanging smoking -hut, with a woman in her white cap and sunburnt petticoat, -dipping her pail for water, might have been represented -by the pencil of Dekker.<a name="FNanchor_411" id="FNanchor_411"></a><a href="#Footnote_411" class="fnanchor">[411]</a> It was within one of the Neat -House Gardens<a name="FNanchor_412" id="FNanchor_412"></a><a href="#Footnote_412" class="fnanchor">[412]</a> near this bank that Garnerin’s kitten<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_260" id="Page_260">[260]</a></span> -descended from the balloon which ascended from Vauxhall -Gardens in the year 1802.<a name="FNanchor_413" id="FNanchor_413"></a><a href="#Footnote_413" class="fnanchor">[413]</a> This descent is thus handed -down in a song attributed to George Colman the younger, -entitled</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Puss in a Parachute.</span></p> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Poor puss in a grand parachute</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Was sent to sail down through the air,</div> -<div class="verse">Plump’d into a garden of fruit,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">And played up old gooseberry there.</div> -<div class="verse">The gardener, transpiring with fear,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Stared just like a hundred stuck hogs;</div> -<div class="verse">And swore, though the sky was quite clear,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">’Twas beginning to rain cats and dogs.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Mounseer, who don’t value his life,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">In the Thames would have just dipped his vings,</div> -<div class="verse">If it vasn’t for vetting his vife,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">For vimen are timbersome things:</div> -<div class="verse">So at Hampstead he landed her dry;</div> -<div class="verse indent1">And after this dangerous sarvice,</div> -<div class="verse">He took a French leave of the sky,</div> -<div class="verse indent1">And vent back to Vauxhall in a Jarvis.</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_261" id="Page_261">[261]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1828.</h3> - -<p>Most willingly would I have resigned all the pleasures -I ever enjoyed, save that of my wedding-day, to have -joined the throng of enthusiastics in art, who assembled -at Nuremberg this year, to do homage to the memory of -that morning star in art, Albert Dürer. Of the many -descriptions of the proceedings upon that glorious occasion, -none gave me higher delight than that of Mr. L. Schutze,<a name="FNanchor_414" id="FNanchor_414"></a><a href="#Footnote_414" class="fnanchor">[414]</a> -of Carlsruhe, an artist of very considerable abilities, who, -upon my requesting him to favour me with an account, -goodnaturedly complied with my wishes, but with all the -diffidence of one who had not long written in the English -language.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“At the festival which took place in Nuremberg, -1828, on the 6th and 7th of April, the month on which -Albert Dürer died three hundred years before, some pupils -of Cornelius in Munich, intended to paint some transparent -sceneries, the most interesting ones, taken from -his life, and to exhibit them at the Festival. For this -purpose they gave notice to the magistrates and to the -artists that they would arrive on the 28th of March. The -magistrates and artists were quite satisfied with this offer, -and resolved to welcome them some miles from Nuremberg.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_262" id="Page_262">[262]</a></span> -Two gentlemen of consideration offered their -coaches, with four horses, and the most part of the artists -took post-coaches, all with four horses. One gentleman, -Mr. Campe,<a name="FNanchor_415" id="FNanchor_415"></a><a href="#Footnote_415" class="fnanchor">[415]</a> a very clever man, and member of the Artists’ -Society, who led the procession, which consisted of eight -coaches with about thirty artists, took a barrel with wine -in his coach, and also a very old and interesting pitcher, -which was presented to A. Dürer by one of his particular -friends. About eight miles from Nuremberg, in Reichersdorf, -we stopped at the inn, intending to wait for the -artists from Munich. Mr. Campe ordered a good breakfast, -and put up his barrel and golden pitcher. Scarcely -was all prepared, and the breakfast ready, when we saw -the artists arrive (we called them ‘Cornelians,’ after the -name of their master<a name="FNanchor_416" id="FNanchor_416"></a><a href="#Footnote_416" class="fnanchor">[416]</a>), with a flag and green branches in -their caps, and merry singing. A loud <i lang="la">vivat</i> was the first -expression of welcome; they were quite astonished to find -there so great a company. We now invited them to come -in, and to take refreshments after their fatigues. The first -proceeding was now to fill the pitcher with wine, and to -drink their health. There were about thirty-six artists from -Munich. After having made some speeches, having taken -the breakfast, and emptied the barrel, we, all quite refreshed -and pleased, took place in our chair-waggons, into which we -invited also the Cornelians, and rode back to Nuremberg.</p> - -<p>“At the old castle we all descended from our waggons, -and saw the old building, which is so very interesting in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_263" id="Page_263">[263]</a></span> -the history of Germany. Then we went down to the -house of Albert Dürer, where all the strangers who arrived -entered their names in a book. Several gentlemen of -consideration had offered to give lodging to some of the -strange artists, which was accepted with great pleasure -by them. Many others of them had free lodging in the -inns. The magistrates paid all their necessaries during -their stay. Every day artists and strangers arrived, -and the house of Albert Dürer was the place of meeting. -The Cornelians began to paint their transparencies: they -had drawn the sketches for them already in Munich. -There were seven pictures; they represented, firstly, -Albert Dürer coming in receiving instructions from -Wohlgemuth; secondly, his marriage ceremony; thirdly, -the Banquet in Utrecht; fourthly, the Goddess of Art -crowns Albert Dürer and Raphael; fifthly, Dürer on -board ship; sixthly, the death of Dürer’s mother; -seventhly, Dürer’s death. We artists in Nuremberg -painted Dürer’s figure, and several allegories and writings, -about sixty feet high altogether, also transparencies, which -we intended to exhibit on the road, opposite his house.</p> - -<p>“Cornelius and many of the first artists from Munich, -and from other parts of Germany, arrived, and Dürer’s -house was always crowded: certainly a very interesting -time to make acquaintance with artists from several parts -of the continent, and also to see again old friends. The -6th of April, in the morning at six o’clock, we went altogether -to the grave of Albert Dürer. It was very bad -weather, all the night, much snow was falling, and a very -disagreeable wind blew. When we arrived at the grave, -and the musicians, who were with us, began to play, and -we began to sing, the sun at once appeared and looked -friendly down upon us. We sang three songs with accompaniments<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_264" id="Page_264">[264]</a></span> -of instruments; and then a speech was made, -after which we went home. Scarcely were we arrived -there, when it again began to snow, and it was very disagreeable -all the day.</p> - -<p>“After noon, at half past six o’clock, an Oratorium -composed by Schneider,<a name="FNanchor_417" id="FNanchor_417"></a><a href="#Footnote_417" class="fnanchor">[417]</a> took place in the Town-house. -Mr. Schneider came himself from Dessau, two hundred -and fifty miles from Nuremberg, to direct it. In the -Town-house may still be seen a triumphal procession, -painted on the wall by Albert Dürer. On one side the -musicians were placed, and opposite to them the seven -transparencies were exhibited; they were beautifully -finished and pleased everybody.</p> - -<p>“After the oratorium a splendid supper took place, -where all the artists took part, and also several gentlemen -of consideration. Mr. Campe distributed to those present -some printed poems and books, containing interesting -tales or descriptions of clever men, contemporaries of -Albert Dürer. Then there were music and dancing.</p> - -<p>“On the 7th, at nine in the morning, there was a meeting -in the Town-house; all the artists were dressed in -black, and had flat hats and swords, except the strangers. -The magistrates distributed medals with Dürer’s portrait. -At half past eleven o’clock the procession began:—the -magistrates, the two burgomasters, the clergymen, many -officers, and all the artists, about three hundred persons -together. The military with music made a line in the -streets through which the procession passed. The King -was expected, but did not come. In the Milk-market -(now called Albert Dürer’s Place) the procession commenced;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_265" id="Page_265">[265]</a></span> -some speeches were made, then the foundation-stone -of a monument to Albert Dürer was laid, and -trumpets and cymbals resounded. Then all was finished, -and all went home. At two o’clock a brilliant dinner took -place in the Court of Bavaria, accompanied by music; -and several poems and songs were distributed, and the -poor were not forgotten,—a rich collection being made -for them. In the theatre, the play called <cite>Albert Dürer</cite> -was performed; and then our great transparency was -illuminated, and on the house where Albert Dürer was -born, and likewise where he had lived during the latter -part of his life, several inscriptions were illuminated. -A procession with flambeaux and fireworks ended the -festival-day. Some of the richest inhabitants arranged -dinners and suppers, and other rejoicings, to honour the -artists. The magistrates ordered also a very brilliant -supper on the last evening, before the artists parted, and -bade them farewell.</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">L. Schutze.</span>”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 490px;" id="illus42"> - -<img src="images/illus42.jpg" width="490" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">THE WIG IN ENGLAND</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">A MACARONI READY FOR THE PANTHEON</p> - -</div> - -<p>For the following dates I am indebted to Albert Dürer’s -Diary, contained in the <cite>Foreign Quarterly Review</cite> for -January 1833, a work replete with most interesting information. -Albert Dürer was born in 1471; his father -taught him the goldsmith’s craft. In 1486 he was bound -for three years to Michael Wohlgemuth, an engraver on -wood. He was married to Agnes, an <em>un-lamb-like</em> daughter -of Hans Frey. He died on the 6th of April, 1528, of a -decline. His wife, an avaricious shrew, “<em>gnawed him to -his very heart,—he was dried up to a faggot</em>.”<a name="FNanchor_418" id="FNanchor_418"></a><a href="#Footnote_418" class="fnanchor">[418]</a> Little did<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_266" id="Page_266">[266]</a></span> -Albert Dürer think, particularly from the period of his -unhappy marriage to the hour of his dissolution, when -he was only fifty-seven years of age, that such honours -would be paid to his memory.</p> - -<p>The following letter is perhaps worth insertion here:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Queen Street, Mayfair</span>,</p> - -<p class="right">“<i>Dec. 22, 1828</i>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">My dear Sir</span>,—Shortly after my return from Rome, -in 1798, I espied a bust in Rosso Antico, lying under -a counter at a broker’s shop, in Great Portland Street. -I recognised its antiquity; it was <em>a Faun</em>, large as -life, in the best style of art. I bought it for the -trifling sum of £1. I had it in my study many months. -During this period, I often assisted Nollekens in the -architectural department of his monuments, receiving no -thanks; but an invitation one day, as we talked Italian -together. On accidentally mentioning my antique Faun, -he came to see it, and was so struck with its beauty, that -he would never rest till he got it out of my hands. He -succeeded, by offering me some models of his own, and -ten pounds. Wishing to oblige him, I let him have the -bust, and he sent me two miserable models not much higher<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_267" id="Page_267">[267]</a></span> -than my thumb, of a Bacchus and Ariadne, since broken -to pieces.</p> - -<p>“This bust was in the collection at his sale, and it was -knocked down by Christie to the Duke of Newcastle for -a hundred and sixty pounds.</p> - -<p>“With great respect, ever yours truly,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Charles Heathcote Tatham</span>.”<a name="FNanchor_419" id="FNanchor_419"></a><a href="#Footnote_419" class="fnanchor">[419]</a></p> - -</div> - -<p>The following letter is curious:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“In the winter of 1815, making a tour of the Netherlands, -I was in Bruges when the well-known statue, or -rather group, of the ‘Virgin and Child,’ by Michael Angelo -Buonarotti, which had been carried from the church of -Notre Dame to Paris, was restored, in a packing-case, -to that church. On this occasion a procession of the -priests and officers of the church, and of some of the -municipal officers, took place; and a Mass was celebrated. -About a month afterwards, I was again in Bruges, and saw -this fine work of art replaced in its former situation, on the -altar of one of the small chapels. It is, indeed, a wonderful -work.</p> - -<p>“I was about the same period in Antwerp, and was -present when the pictures which had been taken to Paris, -arrived in carriages, and were escorted into the city by an<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_268" id="Page_268">[268]</a></span> -English regiment, then in garrison there (either the 15th or -25th of infantry), preceded by the band of that regiment -playing ‘God save the King,’ and accompanied by the -members of the Academy of Antwerp, and the magistracy -of the city. I own I felt all the pride of an Englishman -at seeing these works of art, which British valour had -regained, thus restored to the places from whence they had -been pillaged.</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Stephen Porter.</span><a name="FNanchor_420" id="FNanchor_420"></a><a href="#Footnote_420" class="fnanchor">[420]</a></p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Temple</span>, <i>Feb. 5, 1828</i>.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>In July, I went to Hungerford Stairs to gain what -information I could respecting “Copper Holmes.” A -waterman, whose face declared he had seen a few liberal -days, accosted me with the usual question, “Oars, sculler?” -I shook my head; but, upon a nearer approach, asked him -the following question, “How long has Copper been dead?” -“There sits his widow at that window mending her stockings,” -said he; “we’ll go and put it to her.”</p> - -<p>On approaching her the waterman said, “This gentleman -wants to know how long Copper has been dead?” “How -do you do?” said I, “your husband has often in my early -days rowed me to Pepper Alley.” “He died,” said the -woman (who retained enough in her care-worn features -to induce me to believe she had been pretty), sticking her -needle on her cap, “he died, poor fellow, on the 3rd of -October, 1821, and a better man never trod shoe-leather. -He was downright and honest, and what he said he would -do, he did. I had been his wife two-and-twenty years; -but he married me after he left the <em>Ark</em>. His first wife<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_269" id="Page_269">[269]</a></span> -lived in the <em>Ark</em> with her children.” “What vessel -had the <em>Ark</em> been?” “She had been a Westcountryman, -and it cost him altogether (with her fittings-up with sheets -of copper) one hundred and fifty pounds, and that gave -him the name of ‘<em>Copper Holmes</em>.’ His Christian name -was Thomas. Ay, Sir, his lawsuit with the City crippled -him:<a name="FNanchor_421" id="FNanchor_421"></a><a href="#Footnote_421" class="fnanchor">[421]</a> but I will say this for him, his Majesty had not a -better subject than poor Copper.” While she uttered this -declaration, both her eyes, which were seriously directed -to her nose, were moistened with the tears of affectionate -memory, which induced me to turn to my new acquaintance -the waterman, and ask where he was buried? “In the -Waterman’s churchyard, Sir, under the pump-pavement on -the south side of St. Martin’s church.<a name="FNanchor_422" id="FNanchor_422"></a><a href="#Footnote_422" class="fnanchor">[422]</a> Lord bless you! -don’t you know the Waterman’s burying-ground? I -could take you to the spot where fifty of us have been -buried.” “What was his age?” “Sixty-six when he -died.”</p> - -<p>After parting with the widow, I requested the master -of the ceremonies to allow his man to ferry me over to the -King’s Head Stairs, Lambeth Marsh. “He shall,” said -Charles Price; “and I’ll go with you, too.” The waggish, -though youthful countenance of the lad employed to bring -in our boat, revived the pleasure Mathews had afforded<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_270" id="Page_270">[270]</a></span> -me in his description of Joe Hatch,<a name="FNanchor_423" id="FNanchor_423"></a><a href="#Footnote_423" class="fnanchor">[423]</a> and induced me to -inquire after the waterman whose look, voice, and manner -he had borrowed for that inimitable representation. -“George Heath, you mean, Sir,” answered the boy; “Of -Strand Lane,” observed Price; “Heath is his real name. -Lord bless ye, he’s a good-hearted fellow! Why, I have -often known him put his hand in his pocket and relieve -a fellow-creature in distress.”</p> - -<p>This mention of Hatch induced me to question Price -as to the Halfpenny Hatch,<a name="FNanchor_424" id="FNanchor_424"></a><a href="#Footnote_424" class="fnanchor">[424]</a> where Astley had first rode,<a name="FNanchor_425" id="FNanchor_425"></a><a href="#Footnote_425" class="fnanchor">[425]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_271" id="Page_271">[271]</a></span> -before he took the ground at the foot of Westminster -Bridge, on which the present Amphitheatre stands. Before -Price could answer, as we had made the shore, “You will -find the Halfpenny Hatch (for it still remains, though in -a very ramshackled state) at the back of St. John’s -Church, Waterloo Road, at the end of Neptune Place,” -I was told upon my landing by a little chubby, shining, -red-faced woman, in what was formerly called a -<em>mob-cap</em>. Thither I went, and to my great surprise -found the Halfpenny Hatch in a dell, by reason of the -earth being raised for the pavement of the adjacent -streets.<a name="FNanchor_426" id="FNanchor_426"></a><a href="#Footnote_426" class="fnanchor">[426]</a> Field was the name of the person who occupied -the house; and, only a few years ago, money was -received for the accommodation of the public who chose -to go through the hatch. It was built subsequent to the -year 1771, by Curtis, the famous botanist,<a name="FNanchor_427" id="FNanchor_427"></a><a href="#Footnote_427" class="fnanchor">[427]</a> whose name it<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_272" id="Page_272">[272]</a></span> -still retains; but the original Hatch-house, Mrs. Field informed -me, was still standing at the back of the present one.</p> - -<p>The ground belonging to the Halfpenny Hatch was -freehold, of about seven acres, and sold by the Curtis -family to Messrs. Basing, Atkins, and Field, for the sum -of £3500. They disposed of it in about six months afterwards -to Mr. Roupell, the present owner, for the sum of -£8000.<a name="FNanchor_428" id="FNanchor_428"></a><a href="#Footnote_428" class="fnanchor">[428]</a> Being determined to take a sketch of the remains -of this vine-mantled Halfpenny Hatch, I took water at -Strand Lane Stairs<a name="FNanchor_429" id="FNanchor_429"></a><a href="#Footnote_429" class="fnanchor">[429]</a> on the following evening, where I -found George Heath busily engaged in his boat. Upon -seeing a poor chimney-sweeper who descended the steps -with me, he stood up and cried out, “I tell you what,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_273" id="Page_273">[273]</a></span> -Sir Cloudesley Shovel, although you are a miller, depend -upon it, I’ll dust your jacket for the injury you have done -my vessel.” A ferryman observed, “His wife was gone to -take a walk up Highgate Hill.” “A strainer,” observed -George Heath. During the time occupied in sketching, -William Field, who lives in the Hatch, pointed out part -of the gate which had received a bullet, supposed to have -been aimed by some scoundrel at the elder Mr. Curtis, -who providentially escaped, though the ball, which came -from a considerable distance, passed only a few inches -above his head.</p> - -<h3>1829.</h3> - -<p>On the 25th of July, 1829, being on my way to the great -Sanctuary, my pleasure was inconceivable upon observing -that the intended repairs of Whitehall Chapel had commenced. -The scaffolding was erected before its street-front, -and the masons had begun their restorations at the -south corner, strictly according with the fast decaying -original.<a name="FNanchor_430" id="FNanchor_430"></a><a href="#Footnote_430" class="fnanchor">[430]</a> “Well,” said I to my respected friend, Mr. -Henry Smedley, whose house I had entered just as the -chimes of the venerable Abbey and St. Margaret’s had -agreed to complete their quarters for nine, “I am delighted -to find that Inigo’s beautiful front of Whitehall is in so fair -a way of recovery.”<a name="FNanchor_431" id="FNanchor_431"></a><a href="#Footnote_431" class="fnanchor">[431]</a></p> - -<p>Bonington’s drawings, held at a respectful distance -from the <em>butter-dish</em>, were the next topic of conversation.<a name="FNanchor_432" id="FNanchor_432"></a><a href="#Footnote_432" class="fnanchor">[432]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_274" id="Page_274">[274]</a></span> -“I agree with you,” observed my friend, “they are invaluable; -even his slightest pencil-touches are treasures. -I have shown you the studies from the figures which surround -Lord Norris’s monument in the Abbey; have they -not all the spirit of Vandyke?<a name="FNanchor_433" id="FNanchor_433"></a><a href="#Footnote_433" class="fnanchor">[433]</a> Ay, that drawing of the -old buildings seems to be your favourite; what a snug -effect, and how sweetly it is coloured!—there never was -a sale of modern art so well attended.”</p> - -<p>After taking boat at the Horse Ferry for Vauxhall,—for -the reader must be informed that Mr. Smedley and myself -had an engagement to pass the day with Mr. William -Esdaile, on Clapham Common,<a name="FNanchor_434" id="FNanchor_434"></a><a href="#Footnote_434" class="fnanchor">[434]</a>—I asked the waterman<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_275" id="Page_275">[275]</a></span> -some questions as to “Copper Holmes.” He could not -speak correctly as to the time of his death, but said that he -had been much reduced by the lawsuit he had with the -City about his barge. “Yes, that I know,” said I; “and -it certainly was a nuisance on the banks of the Thames, -and also an encroachment upon the City’s rights and -privileges.”</p> - -<p>On arriving at Mr. Esdaile’s gate, Mr. Smedley remarked -that this was one of the few commons near London which -had not been enclosed.<a name="FNanchor_435" id="FNanchor_435"></a><a href="#Footnote_435" class="fnanchor">[435]</a> The house had one of those plain -fronts which indicated little, but upon ascending the -steps I was struck with a similar sensation to those of the -previous season, when first I entered this hospitable mansion. -If I were to suffer myself to utter anything like an ungrateful -remark, it would be that the visitor, immediately he -enters the hall, is presented with too much at once, for -he knows not which to admire first, the choice display of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_276" id="Page_276">[276]</a></span> -pictures which decorate the hall, or the equally artful and -delightful manner in which the park-like grounds so -luxuriantly burst upon his sight. Mr. Esdaile entered -the library during our admiration of its taste of design -and truly pleasing effect.</p> - -<p>The walls are painted with a subdued red, a colour -considered by most artists best calculated to relieve pictures, -particularly those with broad gold frames. The first -picture which attracted our notice was the upper one of -two upon the easel nearest the window. The subject is a -Virgin and Child, attributed to Albert Dürer, though I must -own the style is so elegantly sweet, with so little of the -German manner, that I should have considered it the work -of a high Italian master. The upper one of the two -pictures on the correspondent easel near the bookcase, -is from the exquisite pencil of Adrian Ostade; it was -the property of Monsieur de Calonne,<a name="FNanchor_436" id="FNanchor_436"></a><a href="#Footnote_436" class="fnanchor">[436]</a> at whose auction -Mr. Esdaile purchased it when he became a collector of -pictures.</p> - -<p>It would be highly presumptuous in me to attempt to -describe the pictures from so cursory a view. Suffice it to -say, they are chiefly of the first class; and I cannot charge -the possessor with an indifferent specimen. Wilson and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_277" id="Page_277">[277]</a></span> -Gainsborough were honoured with two of the best places -in this room, which commands a most beautiful view of -the grounds. In passing to the best staircase, our eyes -were attracted by the works of Rubens, Ruysdael, Salvator -Rosa, etc. I was highly gratified with the standing of the -colours of one of the rich landscapes from the easel of -my old and worthy friend, George Arnald, A.R.A. This -picture was originally purchased by my revered patron, -Richard Wyatt, of Milton Place, Egham, at whose sale Mr. -Esdaile bought it. Two sumptuously rich and large dishes -of Oriental china, with their stands, occupy the corners of the -staircase, which leads to several chambers; the walls of -the left-hand one of which are adorned with drawings, -framed and glazed, by Cipriani and Bartolozzi; but more -particularly with several architectural ruins by Clerisseau, -in his finest manner. On the north side of this room stands -a magnificent japan glazed case, which contains specimens -of the Raphael ware and Oriental porcelain, with two -richly adorned alcoves, with figures of Gibbon the historian, -and his niece, manufactured at Dresden.</p> - -<p>In Mr. Esdaile’s bedroom are other specimens of curious -porcelain, of egg-shell plates, cups and covers of the dragon -with five claws, and two exquisite black and mother-o’-pearl -flower-pots, from the collection of the Duchess-Dowager -of Portland. On the top of a curiously wrought -cabinet, in the drawing-room below stairs, stand three dark -rich blue vases of Sèvres, and two vases of deep blue, -embossed with gold leaves, from the Chelsea manufactory. -These articles, with a curious figure of Harlequin set in -precious stones, the body of which is formed of an immense -pearl, were purchased by Mr. Esdaile at the sale of her late -gracious Majesty Queen Charlotte. The lower parts of the -japan case in the upper room are filled with drawings;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_278" id="Page_278">[278]</a></span> -so are two other cases which stand on the western side of -the room, made purposely for their reception.</p> - -<p>The first drawings of our repast this day (for it would -take twenty to see the whole) were those by the inimitable -hand of Rembrandt, many of which were remarkably -fine, one particularly so, of a man seated on a stile near -some trees, which appear to have been miserably affected -by a recent storm. This drawing is slight, and similar in -manner to the artist’s etching, called by some collectors -the “Mustard Print.” One of the drawings with landscapes -on both sides is remarkably curious, as they are drawn -with what is called “the Metallic Pen”; it is certainly -the first specimen of the kind I have seen. The Ostade -drawings were our next treat, two of which the artist -etched; one is the long print of a merry-making on the -outside of an alehouse, penned and washed; the other is -of the backgammon-players, completely finished in water-colours. -At this time the servant announced nooning; -after which Mr. Smedley requested to see Hogarth’s prints, -in order to report to Mr. Standly<a name="FNanchor_437" id="FNanchor_437"></a><a href="#Footnote_437" class="fnanchor">[437]</a> the rarities in Mr. -Esdaile’s collection. In this, however, we were disappointed, -as it did not contain any which that gentleman did not -possess.</p> - -<p>On our return to Mr. Esdaile’s room, we were indulged -with several of Hogarth’s drawings. A volume containing -numerous drawings by Wilson was then placed on the -table. “Bless me,” said I, “here is the portrait of my -great-uncle, Tom of Ten Thousand.”<a name="FNanchor_438" id="FNanchor_438"></a><a href="#Footnote_438" class="fnanchor">[438]</a> This is the identical -drawing thus described by Edwards:—“It may, however,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_279" id="Page_279">[279]</a></span> -be asserted, that he drew a head equal to any of the portrait-painters -of his time. A specimen of which may be seen -by a drawing, now in the possession of J. Richards, Esq., -R.A.,<a name="FNanchor_439" id="FNanchor_439"></a><a href="#Footnote_439" class="fnanchor">[439]</a> which is the portrait of Admiral Smith, and which -was drawn before Wilson went abroad. It is executed -in black and white chalk, as large as life, upon brown -French paper, and is treated in a bold, masterly manner; -but this is not a work which can authorise the critic to -consider him as superior to the other portrait-painters -of his day.”<a name="FNanchor_440" id="FNanchor_440"></a><a href="#Footnote_440" class="fnanchor">[440]</a></p> - -<p>This drawing was made by Wilson, before he commenced -the picture which I am now in possession of, -so well engraved in mezzotinto by Faber. Of these -inestimable drawings, which are mostly in black chalk, -stumped, perhaps the most interesting are those for -Celadon and Amelia, and the Niobe. Valuable and truly -epic as these specimens certainly are, I must say, for -my own part, I should give the preference to the book -containing those by Gainsborough, of rustic scenery. I -had seen many of them before, in the possession of the -artist, Colonel Hamilton, Mr. Nassau, and Mr. Lambert. -Two that were possessed by the latter, are stamped with -Gainsborough’s initials in gold.</p> - -<p>Dr. Richardson,<a name="FNanchor_441" id="FNanchor_441"></a><a href="#Footnote_441" class="fnanchor">[441]</a> Mr. Esdaile’s son-in-law, having -arrived, and dinner being announced, we gave up these<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_280" id="Page_280">[280]</a></span> -fascinating sources of pleasure, for that which would -enable us to enjoy them another day.</p> - -<p>The Doctor, with his accustomed elegance of manners, -delighted us during our repast with some most interesting -observations made during his travels; after which, -Flora invited us to the garden, where Mr. Esdaile had, -with his usual liberality, allowed her to display some -of her most rare as well as picturesque sweets. On our -return from the enchanting circuit of the grounds, our -general conversation was on the pleasures we had received; -and, indeed, so delighted were we with the entertainment -of the day, that we talked of little else till our -arrival at Westminster Bridge.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;" id="illus43"> - -<img src="images/illus43.jpg" width="400" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">LONDON STREET MERCHANTS: DOOR-MATS</p> - -<p class="caption smaller">ETCHED BY J. T. SMITH</p> - -</div> - -<p>Beautiful and truly valuable as Mr. Esdaile’s drawings -unquestionably are, it would not only be considered -an impeachment upon my judgment, but a conviction -of the deepest injustice towards that wonderful collection -so classically formed by Sir Thomas Lawrence, were I -not unequivocally to state, that this latter is by far the -most choice, as well as extensive, of any I have yet seen -or heard of, and perhaps it may be stated with equal -truth, ever formed. What catalogue can boast so formidably -of Michael Angelo, Raphael, Claude, Rubens, -and Rembrandt?<a name="FNanchor_442" id="FNanchor_442"></a><a href="#Footnote_442" class="fnanchor">[442]</a> Surely none; for I have seen those -of Sir Peter Lely, the Duke of Argyle, and Hudson,<a name="FNanchor_443" id="FNanchor_443"></a><a href="#Footnote_443" class="fnanchor">[443]</a> at<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_281" id="Page_281">[281]</a></span> -the last of whose sales the immortal Sir Joshua employed -me as one of his bidders, his pupil Mr. Score<a name="FNanchor_444" id="FNanchor_444"></a><a href="#Footnote_444" class="fnanchor">[444]</a> was another. -It would be assuming too much, to attempt a description -of the individual and high importance of the productions -of all the four above-mentioned masters, possessed by the -liberal President.</p> - -<p>As prospective pleasures are seldom realised, a truth -many of my readers must acknowledge, and being determined -never to colour a picture at once, but to await -the natural course of events,<a name="FNanchor_445" id="FNanchor_445"></a><a href="#Footnote_445" class="fnanchor">[445]</a> I on the 3rd of August -started with my wife for Hampton Court, not only to -see the present state of that palace, but to notice the -sort of porcelain remaining there, without fixing upon -any further plan for the completion of the day’s amusement.</p> - -<p>King William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, who took every opportunity of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_282" id="Page_282">[282]</a></span> -rendering these apartments as pleasing to him as those -he had left in the house in the Wood, introduced nothing -by way of porcelain, beyond that of delf, and on that -ware, in many instances, his Majesty had W. R., surmounted -by the crown of England, painted on the fronts. -Of the various specimens of this clumsy blue and white -delf, displayed in the numerous rooms of this once magnificent -palace, the pride of Wolsey and splendour of -Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span>, the eight large pots for the reception of -King William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>’s orange-trees, now standing in her -Majesty’s gallery, certainly have claims to future protection. -As for the old and ragged bed-furniture, it is -so disgraceful to a palace, that, antiquary as I in some -degree consider myself, I most heartily wish it in Petticoat -Lane. In passing through the rooms, I missed the fine -whole-length picture of Admiral Nottingham,<a name="FNanchor_446" id="FNanchor_446"></a><a href="#Footnote_446" class="fnanchor">[446]</a> and also -the thirty-four portraits of the Admirals. The guide -informed me that they were presented by our present -King, William <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, to the Painted Hall at Greenwich. -“A noble gift,” said I, “but where can they put them -up?” In order to take some refreshment, we entered -the parlour of the “Canteen,” that being the sign of -the suttling-house of the Palace. During our stay,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_283" id="Page_283">[283]</a></span> -Legat’s<a name="FNanchor_447" id="FNanchor_447"></a><a href="#Footnote_447" class="fnanchor">[447]</a> fine engraving from Northcote’s forcibly effective -picture of the “Death of the Princes in the Tower,” which -honoured the room, caught the attention of one of two other -visitors to the Palace. “Bless me,” said he, “are those -brutes going to smother those sweet babes? Why, they -are as beautiful as the Lichfield children.”<a name="FNanchor_448" id="FNanchor_448"></a><a href="#Footnote_448" class="fnanchor">[448]</a> The observation -was not made to me, and as the subject has been -too often mentioned, I shall forbear saying more about it.</p> - -<p>As my wife and I were strolling on, in order to secure -places for our return to London in the evening, I ventured -to pull the bell at Garrick’s Villa, and asked for permission -to see the temple in which Roubiliac’s figure of -Shakspeare had originally been placed.<a name="FNanchor_449" id="FNanchor_449"></a><a href="#Footnote_449" class="fnanchor">[449]</a> Mr. Carr, the -present proprietor of the estate, received us with the -greatest politeness. Upon expressing a hope that my -love for the fine arts would plead my apology for the -intrusion, he assured me it would afford him no small -pleasure to walk with us to the lawn. “Do sit down, -for a tremendous storm appears to be coming on; we -must wait a little.” His lady, of most elegant manners, -at this moment entered the room and cordially joined -in her husband’s wishes to gratify our curiosity, observing -that, if we pleased, she would show us the house. This -offer was made in so delightful a manner, that we were -truly sensible of the indulgence.</p> - -<p>Upon returning to a small room which we had passed -through from the hall, “Ah! ah!” said I, “you are<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_284" id="Page_284">[284]</a></span> -curious in porcelain, I see,—the crackle. What fine -Dresden! I declare here is a figure of Kitty Clive, as -the <cite>Fine Lady</cite> in Lethe, from the Chelsea manufactory.”<a name="FNanchor_450" id="FNanchor_450"></a><a href="#Footnote_450" class="fnanchor">[450]</a> -There is an engraving of this by Moseley, with the landscape -background etched by Gainsborough. This figure -of Mrs. Clive, which was something less than a foot in -height, was perfectly white, and one of a set of celebrated -characters, viz., John Wilkes; David Garrick, in <cite>Richard -the Third</cite>; Quin, in <cite>Falstaff</cite>; Woodward, in the <cite>Fine -Gentleman</cite>; the Duke of Cumberland, etc. Most of these -were characteristically coloured, and are now and then to -be met with.<a name="FNanchor_451" id="FNanchor_451"></a><a href="#Footnote_451" class="fnanchor">[451]</a></p> - -<p>“How you enjoy these things!” observed Mrs. Carr. -“This is the drawing-room; the decorated paper is just -as it was in Mr. Garrick’s time; indeed, we have had -nothing altered in the house. I never enter this room -without regretting the enormous expense we were obliged -to incur, in taking down a great portion of the roof, owing -to a very great neglect in the repairs of the house during -Mrs. Garrick’s time. Fortunately it was discovered just as -we took possession of the premises, or the consequences -might have been fatal.” “Your grounds are beautiful,” -observed my wife. “Yes,” said Mrs. Carr, “and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_285" id="Page_285">[285]</a></span> -several of the trees were planted by Mrs. Garrick; that -mulberry-tree was a sucker from Shakspeare’s tree at -Stratford; that tulip-tree was one of her planting, and -so was the cedar. Now you shall see our best bed-room.” -The end of this room which contains the bed is divided -from the larger portion by a curtain suspended across -the ceiling, which gives it the appearance of a distinct -drawing-room, for the comfort of a visitor, if indisposed. -“We will now go to Mr. and Mrs. Garrick’s bed-room.” -Notwithstanding the lowness of the ceiling, the room -still carries an air of great comfort. Here we were again -gratified with a display of some choice specimens of -Oriental porcelain.</p> - -<p>We then descended to the dining-room, in which -were portraits of the Tracy family. On one side of the -chimneypiece hangs a half-length picture of Mrs. Garrick, -holding a mask in her right hand. This was painted -by Zoffany,<a name="FNanchor_452" id="FNanchor_452"></a><a href="#Footnote_452" class="fnanchor">[452]</a> before her marriage, who was one of her -admirers; over the sideboard hangs a portrait of Tom -Davies, the author of the <cite>Life of Garrick</cite>, who had been -his steadfast friend.<a name="FNanchor_453" id="FNanchor_453"></a><a href="#Footnote_453" class="fnanchor">[453]</a> We then returned to the bow-room, -in which we were first received; from thence we -entered the library, and were then shown Mr. Garrick’s -dressing-table. On our return to the bow-room, I asked -Mr. Carr in what part of the house Hogarth’s Election -pictures had hung. “In this,” said he; “one on either -side of the fireplace.”<a name="FNanchor_454" id="FNanchor_454"></a><a href="#Footnote_454" class="fnanchor">[454]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_286" id="Page_286">[286]</a></span></p> - -<p>The rain still continuing, our amiable shelterers insisted -on our staying dinner, as it was impossible to see -the Temple in such a storm. We accepted this hospitable -invitation; and in the course of conversation Mrs. Carr -assured us that we were not only seated upon the sofa -frequently occupied by Dr. Johnson, but also the identical -cover. “Now, Mrs. Smith, I will show you my Garrick -jewels, which Mr. Carr, in consequence of a disappointment -I received, by their not being left to me by will, -according to Mrs. Garrick’s repeated promises, most -liberally purchased for me at the price fixed upon them -by Messrs. Rundell and Bridge; for I must inform you -that the intimacy of my family with Mrs. Garrick was -of thirty years’ standing, and that lady and I were inseparable.” -The first treasure produced was a miniature -of Mr. Garrick, set in brilliants; the second, a rich bracelet -of pearls, containing the hair of Mr. and Mrs. Garrick. -Mrs. Carr politely presented my wife and myself with -impressions of a profile of Mr. Garrick, contemplating -the features of Shakspeare.</p> - -<p>After dinner was announced, and in the course of -taking our wine, I thanked our worthy hosts for their -hospitality. “This house,” said Mr. Carr, “was ever -famous for it. Dr. Johnson has frequently knocked up -Mr. and Mrs. Garrick at a very late hour, and would never -go to bed without a supper.”<a name="FNanchor_455" id="FNanchor_455"></a><a href="#Footnote_455" class="fnanchor">[455]</a> I asked his opinion as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_287" id="Page_287">[287]</a></span> -to the truth of the anecdote related by Lee Lewis concerning -Mrs. Garrick’s marriage. “There certainly is,” -he replied, “a mystery as to who her father was.” Mrs. -Carr observed that, after Mrs. Garrick had read Lewis’s -assertions, she, with her usual vivacity, exclaimed, “He -is a great liar; Lord Burlington was not my father, but -I am of noble birth.”</p> - -<p>“Is it true,” I asked, “that Lord Burlington gave -Mr. Garrick £10,000 to marry her?”</p> - -<p>“No, nor did Mrs. Garrick ever receive a sum of money -from Lord Burlington: she had only the interest of £6000, -and that she was paid by the late Duke of Devonshire.”<a name="FNanchor_456" id="FNanchor_456"></a><a href="#Footnote_456" class="fnanchor">[456]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_288" id="Page_288">[288]</a></span></p> - -<p>The rain now subsided; and as we passed through -the passage cut under the road, Mrs. Carr stopped where -Mrs. Garrick had frequently stood, while she related -the following anecdote. ‘<em>Capability Brown</em>,’<a name="FNanchor_457" id="FNanchor_457"></a><a href="#Footnote_457" class="fnanchor">[457]</a> was consulted<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_289" id="Page_289">[289]</a></span> -as to the communication of these grounds with -those by the water. Mr. Garrick had an idea of having -a bridge to pass over the road, similar to the one at Pain’s -Hill;<a name="FNanchor_458" id="FNanchor_458"></a><a href="#Footnote_458" class="fnanchor">[458]</a> but this was objected to by <em>Capability Brown</em>, -who proposed to have a tunnel cut. Mr. Garrick at -first did not like that idea; but Dr. Johnson observed, -“David! David! what can’t be over-done may be under-done.”<a name="FNanchor_459" id="FNanchor_459"></a><a href="#Footnote_459" class="fnanchor">[459]</a></p> - -<p>As we entered the Temple, instead of seeing a vacant -recess, we were agreeably surprised to find that the present -owner had occupied it by a cast of Roubiliac’s statue -of Shakspeare, most carefully taken by Mr. Garrard,<a name="FNanchor_460" id="FNanchor_460"></a><a href="#Footnote_460" class="fnanchor">[460]</a> -similar to the one with which he furnished the late Mr.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_290" id="Page_290">[290]</a></span> -Whitbread for the hall of Drury Lane Theatre. On our -return to the villa, we were shown a small statue of Mr. -Garrick, in the character of Roscius; but by whom it -was modelled I was not able to learn. The following -inscription was placed under the plinth:—“This figure -of Garrick was given to Mr. Garrard, A.R.A., by his widow, -and is now respectfully presented to Mrs. Carr, to be -placed in Garrick’s Villa, July 14, 1825.”</p> - -<p>In the bow-room, in which we again were seated, -is a portrait of Mr. Hanbury Williams, and also two -drawings of Mr. and Mrs. Garrick, by Dance, of which -there are lithographic engravings by Mrs. Solly, the daughter -of the Rev. Mr. Racket, with impressions of which that -lady honoured me for my wife’s illustrated copy of the -<cite>Life of Dr. Johnson</cite>. Mrs. Solly also favoured me with -a sight of a pair of elegant garnet bracelets, which had -been left to her by Mrs. Garrick. The bell, Nollekens’s -old friend, announced the arrival of the stage, and we -took our departure.</p> - -<p>On the following morning, taking advantage of the -Museum vacation allowed to officers of that establishment, -and feeling an inquisitive inclination to know in -what way the portraits of the admirals had been disposed -of in Greenwich Hospital, I went thither, where I found -a display of great taste in the distribution of the pictures -which adorn the Painted Hall of that national and glorious -institution. Many of my readers will recollect that in -second editions of works errors are usually corrected. -Such, I understand, has been the case in the hanging -of the pictures in this splendid gallery; for, in the first -instance, numerous small and also indifferent subjects -were hung at the top of the room, and the spectator was -told that this arrangement was merely to produce uniformity,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_291" id="Page_291">[291]</a></span> -until a period arrived when larger and better -productions could occupy their places. The liberality -of King William <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, who gave no fewer than fifty-five -pictures, in addition to the very valuable presents made -by the Governors of the British Institution, enabled Mr. -Seguier, keeper of the royal collection, to display his best -taste in the re-arrangement.</p> - -<p>All the small pictures have been taken away, and a -most judicious display of whole-length portraits, the size -of life, occupy their spaces. Modern artists must not only -be pleased with the truly liberal manner in which their -works are here exhibited, but will rejoice in having an -opportunity of retouching and improving their pictures, -from the manner in which the light falls upon them—an -advantage always embraced in large edifices by the old -masters, but perhaps more particularly by Rubens, who, -it is well known, worked upon his performances after they -had been elevated to their respective destinations. I must -own, without a wish to cast the least reflection upon the -works of other modern artists displayed in this gallery, -that the noble picture of the Battle of Trafalgar, -painted by Arnald, the Associate of the Royal Academy, -at the expense of the Governors of the British -Institution, at present arrests most powerfully the -attention.</p> - -<p>As I was admiring the dignity of the Hampton Court -admirals, who never appeared to such advantage, a well-known -voice whispered over my shoulder, “You are not -aware, perhaps, that Vandevelde painted the sea-distances -in those pictures?” “No,” answered I; “that is a very -interesting fact;” adding that “I could not believe Kneller -to have been the painter of all the heads.” Mr. Seguier -rejoined, “Dahl, in my opinion, painted some of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_292" id="Page_292">[292]</a></span> -them.”<a name="FNanchor_461" id="FNanchor_461"></a><a href="#Footnote_461" class="fnanchor">[461]</a> In the course of conversation he gave me no -small pleasure by observing that he had read my work -of <cite>Nollekens and his Times</cite>.—“I can answer as to the -truth of nine-tenths of what you have asserted,” said he, -“having known the parties well.”</p> - -<p>Upon leaving this interesting gallery, a pleasing thought -struck me, that if a volume of naval history, commencing -with the early ballads in the Pepysian Library, and ending -with the delightful compositions of Dibdin, were printed, -and given to every collier’s apprentice as a reward for -his good behaviour, it might create in him that spirit of -emulation which, when drafted from his vessel, would -induce him to defend the long-famed wooden walls of Old -England most undauntedly. Humble as the versification -of these our old ballads may justly be considered, yet I have -frequently seen the tear of gratitude follow the melody of -Incledon while singing the song of “Admiral Benbow.”<a name="FNanchor_462" id="FNanchor_462"></a><a href="#Footnote_462" class="fnanchor">[462]</a></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 525px;" id="illus44"> - -<img src="images/illus44.jpg" width="525" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">CHARLES DIBDIN</p> - -<p class="caption">“He found a voice for the British sailor.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>Tom Taylor</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_293" id="Page_293">[293]</a></span></p> - -<p>“What, upon the old trot, Master?” observed a funny-mover,<a name="FNanchor_463" id="FNanchor_463"></a><a href="#Footnote_463" class="fnanchor">[463]</a> -as I descended the rotten old stairs of Hungerford -Market. “Will you make one with us? I know you -don’t mind where you steer.” We had hardly made -Chelsea Reach, when one of our crew noticed a foundered -freshman, who had most ingeniously piloted himself into -a cluster of osiers, in order to adjust his cravat, as a lady in -our boat was to meet him that evening in Vauxhall Gardens. -Our steersman, who was fond of a bit of fun, thus assailed -him, “I say, Maty, why you’re water-logged there; you -put me in mind of the Methodist parson who ran adrift -last Saturday nearly in the same place: he made a pretty -good thing of it.” “Ay,” observed a dry old fresh-water -passenger in our boat, “I saw the fellow; and when the -Battersea gardeners<a name="FNanchor_464" id="FNanchor_464"></a><a href="#Footnote_464" class="fnanchor">[464]</a> quizzed him, he attempted to stand<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_294" id="Page_294">[294]</a></span> -up like a poplar; but the wind operating upon his head, -it hung like a bulrush. However, when he was seated, -instead of advising them to make ready for simpling-time, -or bespattering them with low language, he exercised his -pulpit volubility in favour of vegetables, declaring that -for years he had lived upon them, and insisted that every -young person of every climate should eat nothing else, -strengthening this opinion with the following quotation -from Jeremy Taylor, who declared that ‘a dish of lettuce -and a clear fountain would cool all his heats.’ After this -he most strenuously advised them to ask more money for -their pecked fruit than they had been accustomed to -receive, observing, that they should keep Shakspeare’s -caution in mind, ‘Beware all fruit but what the birds have -pecked.’<a name="FNanchor_465" id="FNanchor_465"></a><a href="#Footnote_465" class="fnanchor">[465]</a> At the close of his address, a descendant of old -Mother Bagley, called ‘The King of Spades,’ proposed -to his men not only to join him in all their coppers, but to -fresh-water the poor fellow’s boat, for which he thanked -them, and declared that he was almost ready to float in his -own perspiration; but that he, like Sterne’s<a name="FNanchor_466" id="FNanchor_466"></a><a href="#Footnote_466" class="fnanchor">[466]</a> ‘Starling,’ -could not get out. The Mortlake boys soon gave him -three cheers, and away he scuttled like an eel towards -Limehouse Hole, sticking as close to his boat as a toad to -the head of a carp.”</p> - -<p>At this the lady simpered. “Bless your heart, fair -one,” observed the narrator, addressing the lady who was -destined for Vauxhall Gardens, “you never saw such a -skeleton as this vegetable-eater. As for his complexion, -it was for all the world like—what shall I say?”</p> - -<p>“Perhaps a Queen Anne’s guinea,” observed our<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_295" id="Page_295">[295]</a></span> -waterman, “that they used to let into the bottom of -punch-ladles”—many of which were frequently to be seen -in the pawnbrokers’ windows in Wapping.</p> - -<p>“As for his voice during his preaching,” rejoined our -entertaining companion, “no lamb’s could be more innocent.”</p> - -<p>As we were tacking about, the wind standing fair to -drop the lady at Vauxhall-stairs, our old weathergage, -the waterman, who reminded me of Copper Holmes, thus -addressed a lopped Chelsea Pensioner:—“I say, old -Granby,<a name="FNanchor_467" id="FNanchor_467"></a><a href="#Footnote_467" class="fnanchor">[467]</a> people say that he who loves fighting is much -more the sexton’s friend than his own.” “Ay, Master -Smelter,” answered the corporal, “we are all alive here, -and, like the Greenwich boys, willing to fight again; Old -England for ever!”</p> - -<p>I then requested the waterman to put me on shore, -in order to visit Chelsea College, purposely to see what -had been done with my friend Ward’s allegorical picture -of the Triumph of the Duke of Wellington. The Right -Hon. Noblemen and Gentlemen, Governors of the British -Institution, wishing to perpetuate the memory of the noble -victory on the plains of Waterloo, they, with their accustomed -liberality to the fine arts, commissioned James Ward, -Esq., R.A., to paint an allegorical picture worthy a place -in the Hall of that glorious establishment, Chelsea Hospital. -Having heard that Mr. Ward’s picture had been hung up, I -went thither, but, to my utter astonishment, found it not -only suspended without a frame (just as a showman in a -fair would put out his large canvas to display “the true<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_296" id="Page_296">[296]</a></span> -and lively portraiture” of a giant, the Pig-faced Lady, -or the Fire-eater), but with its lower part projecting over a -gallery, just like the lid of a kitchen salt-box; so that the -upper and greater half, being on an inclined plane, had -copiously received the dust, and doubtless, if it be allowed -to accumulate, the Duke’s scarlet coat will undergo a brick-dust -change, and his cream-coloured horses become the -dirtiest of all the drabs.</p> - -<p>If this picture be considered worth preserving, why -expose it so shamefully to injury by suffering it to hang as -it does? If, on the contrary, why not at once consign -it to the waters of oblivion, by casting it into Chelsea -Reach? Mr. Ward’s superior talents have been in -numerous instances acknowledged by some of the best -judges.</p> - -<p>Descending Villiers Street on one of my peregrination -mornings, a tremendous storm obliged me to request -shelter of Mrs. Scott, the wife of the present keeper of York -Terrace, and successor of Hugh Hewson, a man who -declared himself to be the genuine character famed by -Dr. Smollett in <cite>The Adventures of Roderick Random</cite>, -under the appellation of Hugh Strap.<a name="FNanchor_468" id="FNanchor_468"></a><a href="#Footnote_468" class="fnanchor">[468]</a> Here I met with<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_297" id="Page_297">[297]</a></span> -a young man whose father had attended Hewson’s funeral, -who informed me that Hugh had been frequently known -to amuse the ambulators of that walk by recapitulating -the enterprising events which had taken place during his -travels with the Doctor. Hugh, who had for years followed -the trade of a hairdresser, was buried in St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, -and his funeral was attended by three -generations.</p> - -<p>On my way towards Hungerford Stairs, my organ of -inquisitiveness was arrested by two carvings in stone, of a -wheatsheaf and sickles, let into either side of the north-end -houses in the alley leading to the “The Swan.” A -waterman informed me that the south portion of Hungerford -Market was originally allotted for the sale of corn, but I -have since learned that that device is the crest of the -Hungerford family. “Pray now,” said I to my oracle, -“do enumerate the signs of Swans remaining on the banks -of the Thames, between London and Battersea Bridges.” -“Why, let me see, Master, there’s the Old Swan at London -Bridge, that’s one;—there’s the Swan in Arundel Street, -two;—then ours here, three;—the Swan at Lambeth, -that’s down, though;—well then, the Old Swan at Chelsea, -but that has long been turned into a brewhouse, though -that was where our people rowed to formerly, as mentioned<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_298" id="Page_298">[298]</a></span> -in Doggett’s Will; now they row to the sign of the New -Swan beyond the Physic Garden; we’ll say that’s four;—then -there’s the two Swan signs at Battersea, six.”<a name="FNanchor_469" id="FNanchor_469"></a><a href="#Footnote_469" class="fnanchor">[469]</a></p> - -<p>Next evening, away I trudged to take water with -George Heath (Mathews’s Joe Hatch) at Strand Lane. -“I find the Swan to be your usual sign up the river,” -said I.</p> - -<p>“Why, yes,” replied George; “I don’t know what a coach, -or a waggon and horses, or the high-mettled racer have to -do with our river. Bells now, bells, we might have bells, -because the Thames is so famous for bells.” Bless me, -thought I, how delighted would my old friend Nollekens -have been, had he heard this remark!</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;" id="illus45"> - -<img src="images/illus45.jpg" width="650" height="355" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">A PLEASURE PARTY ON THE THAMES</p> - -</div> - -<p>“You like bells, then, Master Heath?”</p> - -<p>“Oh yes! I was a famous ringer in my youth, at -St. Mary Overies. They are beautiful bells; but of all -the bells give me Fulham; oh, they are so soft, so sweet!<a name="FNanchor_470" id="FNanchor_470"></a><a href="#Footnote_470" class="fnanchor">[470]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_299" id="Page_299">[299]</a></span> -St. Margaret’s are fine bells; so are St. Martin’s; but after -all, Fulham for my money, I say. I forget where you said -I was to take you to, Master?”</p> - -<p>“Row me to Hungerford,” said I.</p> - -<p>Here I alighted, and then went round to Wood’s coal-wharf, -at the foot of Northumberland Street,<a name="FNanchor_471" id="FNanchor_471"></a><a href="#Footnote_471" class="fnanchor">[471]</a> where the -said Mr. Wood dwells in the very house in which Sir Edmund -Berry Godfrey resided, who was strangled in Somerset -House.<a name="FNanchor_472" id="FNanchor_472"></a><a href="#Footnote_472" class="fnanchor">[472]</a> Sir Edmund Berry was a woodmonger, and became<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_300" id="Page_300">[300]</a></span> -the court justice. In this appointment he was so active, -that during the time of the Great Plague, 1665, which -continued to rage in 1666, upon the refusal of his men to -enter a pest-house, to bring out a culprit who had furnished -a thousand shops with at least a thousand winding-sheets -stolen from the dead, he ventured in alone, and brought the -wretch to justice. In Evelyn’s interesting work on medals, -the reader will find that four were struck, commemorative -of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey’s death; and in addition to -the elaborately engraved portraits noticed by Granger, -he will also find an original picture of him in the waiting-room -adjoining the vestry of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, -where he was interred, and his funeral sermon preached -by Dr. Lloyd.<a name="FNanchor_473" id="FNanchor_473"></a><a href="#Footnote_473" class="fnanchor">[473]</a></p> - -<p>In a little work published in 1658, entitled <cite>The Two -Grand Ingrossers of Coals, viz. the Woodmonger and the -Chandler</cite>,<a name="FNanchor_474" id="FNanchor_474"></a><a href="#Footnote_474" class="fnanchor">[474]</a> the reader will find the subtle practices of the -coal-vendors shortly after that article was in pretty general -use.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_301" id="Page_301">[301]</a></span></p> - -<p>It is curious to observe how fond Horace Walpole, -and indeed all his followers, have been of attributing the -earliest encouragement of the fine arts in England to King -Charles <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> That is not the fact; nor is that Monarch -entitled, munificent as he was, to that degree of praise -which biographers have thought proper to attribute to -him as a liberal patron; and this I shall immediately prove. -King Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span> was the first English Sovereign who -encouraged painting, in consequence of Erasmus introducing -Hans Holbein to Sir Thomas More, who showed -his Majesty specimens of that artist’s rare productions. -Upon this the king most liberally invited him to Whitehall, -where he gave him extensive employment, not only -in decorating the panels and walls of that palace with portraits -of the Tudors, as large as life, but with easel pictures -of the various branches of his family and courtiers, to be -placed over doors and other spaces of the state chambers.</p> - -<p>Holbein may be recorded as the earliest painter of -portraits in miniature, which were mostly circular, and all -those which I have seen were relieved by blue backgrounds. -He was also the designer and draughtsman of numerous -subjects for the use of the court jewellers, as may be seen -in a most curious volume preserved in the print-room of -the British Museum, many of which are beautifully coloured. -Holbein must have been a most indefatigable artist, for he -was not only employed to paint that fine picture of King -Henry granting the charter to the Barber-Surgeons,<a name="FNanchor_475" id="FNanchor_475"></a><a href="#Footnote_475" class="fnanchor">[475]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_302" id="Page_302">[302]</a></span> -now to be seen in Barbers’ Hall, Monkwell Street,<a name="FNanchor_476" id="FNanchor_476"></a><a href="#Footnote_476" class="fnanchor">[476]</a> that -in Bridewell of King Edward <span class="smcapuc">VI.</span> granting the charter to -the citizens of London,<a name="FNanchor_477" id="FNanchor_477"></a><a href="#Footnote_477" class="fnanchor">[477]</a> but numerous portraits for the -Howards, and other noble families; indeed, the quantity -of engravings from the burin of Hollar and other artists, -from Holbein’s works, prove that painter to have been just -as extensively employed as Vandyke.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 475px;" id="illus46"> - -<img src="images/illus46.jpg" width="475" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">SIR EDMUND BERRY GODFREY</p> - -<p class="caption">“He was esteemed the best Justice of Peace in England.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>Burnet</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p>King Charles <span class="smcapuc">I.</span>, it is stated, became possessed of -numerous portraits drawn by Holbein, of several personages -of the crown and court of King Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span>, from -characters high in office, to <em>Mother Jack</em>,<a name="FNanchor_478" id="FNanchor_478"></a><a href="#Footnote_478" class="fnanchor">[478]</a>, considered to -have been the nickname of Mrs. Jackson, the nurse of -Prince Edward. These interesting drawings, it is said, -the King parted with for a picture; but how they again -became the property of the Crown, I am uninformed. -However, true it is that they were discovered in Kensington<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_303" id="Page_303">[303]</a></span> -Palace, and taken from their frames and bound in two -volumes. During Mr. Dalton’s<a name="FNanchor_479" id="FNanchor_479"></a><a href="#Footnote_479" class="fnanchor">[479]</a> librarianship he etched -many of them in his coarse and hurried manner. Since -then Mr. Chamberlaine,<a name="FNanchor_480" id="FNanchor_480"></a><a href="#Footnote_480" class="fnanchor">[480]</a> his successor, employed Mr. Metz<a name="FNanchor_481" id="FNanchor_481"></a><a href="#Footnote_481" class="fnanchor">[481]</a> -to engrave one or two as specimens of an intended work, -but Mr. Bartolozzi’s manner being considered more likely -to sell, that artist was engaged to produce the present -plates, which certainly are far from being facsimiles of -Holbein’s drawings, which I have seen. Many of this -master’s invaluable pictures are engraved and published -in the work entitled <cite>Portraits of Illustrious Personages of -Great Britain</cite>; accompanied by the biographical lucubrations -of Edmund Lodge, Esq.<a name="FNanchor_482" id="FNanchor_482"></a><a href="#Footnote_482" class="fnanchor">[482]</a></p> - -<p>The liberality of the brothers Paul and Thomas Sandby, -Royal Academicians, will be remembered by every person -who had the pleasure of being acquainted with them; -but more particularly by those who benefited by their -disinterested communications and cheering encouragement -in their art. For my own part, I shall ever consider -myself indebted to them for a knowledge of lineal perspective.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_304" id="Page_304">[304]</a></span> -By their indefatigable industry, the architecture -of many of the ancient seats of our nobility and -gentry will be perpetuated; and I may say, but for the -very accurate and elaborate drawings taken by Paul -from Old Somerset House gardens, exhibiting views up -and down the river, much of the Thames scenery must -have been lost.<a name="FNanchor_483" id="FNanchor_483"></a><a href="#Footnote_483" class="fnanchor">[483]</a> The view up the river exhibits the -landing-stairs of Cuper’s Gardens, and that part of the -old palace of Whitehall then inhabited by the Duchess -of Portland, upon the site of which the houses of that -patron of the arts, Lord Farnborough,<a name="FNanchor_484" id="FNanchor_484"></a><a href="#Footnote_484" class="fnanchor">[484]</a> and other noblemen -and gentlemen, have recently been erected. The -one down the river displays an uninterrupted view of -the buildings on either side to London Bridge, upon which -the houses are seen, by reason of Blackfriars Bridge not -then being erected. These drawings are in water-colours, -and are preserved in the thirteenth volume of Pennant’s -interesting account of London, magnificently illustrated, -and bequeathed to the print-room of the British Museum -by the late John Charles Crowle, Esq.<a name="FNanchor_485" id="FNanchor_485"></a><a href="#Footnote_485" class="fnanchor">[485]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_305" id="Page_305">[305]</a></span></p> - -<p>Should my reader’s boat ever stop at York Watergate,<a name="FNanchor_486" id="FNanchor_486"></a><a href="#Footnote_486" class="fnanchor">[486]</a> -let me request him to look up at the three upper -balconied windows of that mass of building on the south-west -corner of Buckingham Street. Those, and the two -adjoining Westminster, give light to chambers occupied -by that truly epic historical painter, and most excellent -man, Etty, the Royal Academician, who has fitted up -the balconied room with engravings after pictures of the -three great masters, Raphael, Nicholas Poussin, and -Rubens.</p> - -<p>The other two windows illumine his painting-room, -in which his mind and colours resplendently shine, even -in the face of one of the grandest scenes in Nature, our -river Thames and city edifices, with a most luxuriant -and extensive face of a distant country, the beauties of -which he most liberally delights in showing to his friends -from the leads of his apartments, which, in my opinion, -exhibit the finest point of view of all others for a panorama. -The rooms immediately below Mr. Etty’s<a name="FNanchor_487" id="FNanchor_487"></a><a href="#Footnote_487" class="fnanchor">[487]</a> are<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_306" id="Page_306">[306]</a></span> -occupied by Mr. Lloyd, a gentleman whose general knowledge -in the graphic art, I and many more look up to -with the profoundest respect. The chambers beneath -Mr. Lloyd’s are inhabited by Mr. Stanfield,<a name="FNanchor_488" id="FNanchor_488"></a><a href="#Footnote_488" class="fnanchor">[488]</a> the landscape-painter, -whose clear representations of Nature’s -tones have raised the scenic decorations of Drury Lane -Theatre to that pinnacle of excellence never until his -time attained, notwithstanding the productions of Lambert, -Richards, nay, even Loutherbourg. Mr. Stanfield’s easel -pictures adorn the cabinets of some of our first collectors, -and are, like those of Callcott, Constable, Turner, Collins, -and Arnald, much admired by the now numerous publishers -of little works, who unquestionably produce -specimens of the powers of England’s engravers, which -immeasurably out-distance the efforts of all other -countries.</p> - -<p>However, although I am willing to pass the highest -encomiums on the landscape-engraver for his Liliputian -labours, I am much afraid, in the course of time, we shall -have productions smaller still; and that the diminutive -size of a watch-paper, measuring precisely in diameter -<em>one inch, two-eighths, and one-sixteenth</em>, will be the noblest -extent of their labours. To men of their talent (and -there are several among these pigmy burinists), I will -venture, now I am upon the silver streams of noble Father -Thames, to lead their attention to Woollett’s Fishery,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_307" id="Page_307">[307]</a></span> -but more particularly to West’s La Hogue, and then -let them ask themselves this question: Would it not -redound more to our glory to be master of equal excellence -in the grand style in which those works are produced, -than to contribute too long to the illustrations of scrapbooks -only? Yes, gentlemen, I think you would say -so. Let me endeavour, then, to arrest your gravers from -this blinding of the public, by reducing your works to -so deplorable a nicety, that by-and-by you will find yourselves -totally blind. Why not, as talent is not wanting, -prove to the collectors that England has more Woolletts -than one? It is true there are several at present engaged -in engraving plates from the fine old pictures in the -National Gallery, who have my cordial good wishes for -their success; yet I trust that, after that task is at an -end, they will, with a considerable augmentation to their -numbers, pay a becoming respect so justly due to modern -painters of their own country, whose works in historical -subjects, as well as portraits and landscape, extinguish -unquestionably those of foreign powers; and I may say, -with equal truth, equal most of those of the old schools. -Such a publication, however successful their present one -may be, I can answer for it would be patronised by the -noblemen and gentlemen of England with redoubled -liberality, and in such tasks the engravers will have the -opportunity of producing finer things by the more powerful, -and indeed inestimable advantage of having their progressive -proofs touched upon by the painters themselves.</p> - -<p>“Pull away, my hearty” (for I was again in a boat).—“To -Westminster, Master?”—“Ay, to Westminster.”</p> - -<p>Being now in view of the extensive yards which for -ages have been occupied by stone and marble merchants, -“Ay,” said I, “if these wharfs could speak, they, no<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_308" id="Page_308">[308]</a></span> -doubt, like the Fly, would boast of their noble works. -Was it not from our blocks that Roubiliac carved his -figures of Newton, the pride of Cambridge, and that of -Eloquence, in Westminster Abbey; Bacon’s figure of -Mars, now in Lord Yarborough’s possession; Rossi’s -Celadon and Amelia, and Flaxman’s mighty figure of -Satan, in the Earl of Egremont’s gallery at Petworth; -as well as three-fourths of Nollekens’s numerous busts, -which, according to whisperings, have only been equalled -by Chantrey? And then, has not our Carrara been conveyed -to the studios of Westmacott and Baily?<a name="FNanchor_489" id="FNanchor_489"></a><a href="#Footnote_489" class="fnanchor">[489]</a>”</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 530px;" id="illus47"> - -<img src="images/illus47.jpg" width="530" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">JOHN FLAXMAN R.A.</p> - -<p class="caption">“This little man cuts us all out in sculpture.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>Bankes</cite></p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_309" id="Page_309">[309]</a></span></p> - -<p>After the truly interesting information the print-collectors -have received from the pen of Mr. Ottley,<a name="FNanchor_490" id="FNanchor_490"></a><a href="#Footnote_490" class="fnanchor">[490]</a> -a gentleman better qualified than any I know to speak -on works of art, more particularly those of the ancient -schools of Italy, it would be the highest audacity in me -to offer my own observations, however conversant my -friends are pleased to consider me on those subjects. -All I shall therefore now add to Mr. Ottley’s valuable -stock of knowledge are the following circumstances, -which occurred respecting that beautiful impression in -sulphur, taken from a pax, engraved by Tomaso Finiguerra, -before the said impression was so liberally purchased -by the Duke of Buckingham, who has most cheerfully -afforded it an asylum at Stowe. It has been for -many years in the Print-Room of the British Museum.<a name="FNanchor_491" id="FNanchor_491"></a><a href="#Footnote_491" class="fnanchor">[491]</a></p> - -<p>Mr. Stewart favoured me, at my earnest request, with -the following statement of the fortunate manner in which<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_310" id="Page_310">[310]</a></span> -he secured this unique and inestimable production as a -treasure for England.</p> - -<p>“The sulphur cast, from the celebrated pax of ’Maso -Finiguerra, came into my hands in the following manner:—The -Cavalier Seratti, in whose valuable collection it -originally existed, was captured in going from Cagliari -to Leghorn, and carried to Tunis, where he resided, I -believe, for one or two years; but, dying in captivity, -the Dey of Tunis took possession of the whole of his property. -Such part of it as was not of any intrinsic value -was sold to a party of Jews, who brought it over to Malta -with a view of sending it to Great Britain for sale. This -took place about the commencement of 1804. The -property coming from Barbary was of course placed in -the lazaretto. While there the plague broke out in the -island, and it was a full year before the property was -liberated. The Jews by this time had become apprehensive, -owing to the numerous obstacles they had encountered -in the realisation of their projects; and my -friend the Abbate Bellanti, librarian to the Government -Library, with a view to retain the collection in his native -island, induced a Maltese merchant to make the Jews -such an offer for the whole of the Seratti collection as -they at last accepted. The merchant, however, retracted; -and the abbot, after having made himself responsible -for the bargain towards the Jews, found himself in an -unpleasant predicament. In this dilemma he applied -to me, and I readily engaged to fulfil the agreement which -the merchant had forfeited. The sulphur in question -formed the object of a separate bargain. I paid the -value of £15 for it. I was very unfortunate in the transmission -of my collection to England, two ships having -been cast away in the Channel in November, 1815, both<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_311" id="Page_311">[311]</a></span> -with a considerable portion of my property on board. -I was more successful with the third portion, which arrived -in 1816; in this was the sulphur cast. I never would -have parted with it but for the above accident, whereby -at that time I was much straitened in my circumstances.</p> - -<p>“The sulphur I sold to Mr. Colnaghi for £150, which -I thought a low price at the time for such an interesting -and unique curiosity, indispensable for illustrating and -fixing the date of the invention of the art of engraving -(as it is now called). This sulphur, with the print preserved -at Paris, and the pax of Finiguerra himself, preserved -at Florence, together with the entry in the journal -of the Goldsmiths’ Company, also preserved at Florence, -showing the date of the completion of the pax to be 1452, -form altogether an irrefragable chain of proof which must -satisfy the most sceptical. By a memorandum in Seratti’s -own handwriting, which is amongst my papers (but having -been sent from Bombay to Liverpool, I have not yet -got), it appears that he purchased the sulphur from a -painter, who bought it with a heap of other trinkets at -the stall of a petty dealer in Florence: and on acquiring -it Seratti compared it with the pax itself, and ascertained -it to be the genuine work of Finiguerra.</p> - -<p>“I may add a few observations of my own, not altogether -irrelevant to the subject.</p> - -<p>“The silver vessel, or pax, generally enclosed some -relic, and was kissed by the congregation or other individuals -in token of devotion; and the Count Seratti -mentions that the one of which this sulphur is in part -a facsimile, is very much worn by this repeated act of -devoutness. The word pax appears to be a corruption -of pyxis, a box; and we have in Shakspeare <em>a pyx of little -value</em>. The engraving was usually filled up with a metallic<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_312" id="Page_312">[312]</a></span> -mixture of a dark composition, which, being fused by -the action of fire, became incorporated with the vessel -itself. This process was called Niello, or Anniello, Niellare, -or Anniellare; hence our <em>anneal</em>, the term probably -derived from <i lang="la">nigellum</i>, or perhaps even from Mêl, the -Indian term for <em>black</em>, and applied to indigo, by which -name that dye was originally known in Europe, and it -was probably used in the composition before alluded -to. The term <i lang="it">anniello</i>, and the purpose to which these -pyxes were applied, is further illustrative of a passage -in Shakspeare, which I believe has hitherto puzzled commentators. -It is this:—Hamlet accuses his uncle of -having dispatched his father ‘unhousel’d, unanointed, -<em>unanneal’d</em>;’ it alludes to the custom in Catholic countries -of offering relics preserved in their pyxes to be kissed -after extreme unction.</p> - -<p>“I shall be happy to communicate any further particulars -respecting this interesting vestige of art which -may be required of me, in as far as I am able.</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">J. Stewart.</span></p> - -<p>“<i>2nd May, 1829.</i>”</p> - -<h3>1830.</h3> - -<p>The glowing evening of the 16th of July added lustre -to the enchanting grounds of William Atkinson, Esq. -of Grove End, Paddington;<a name="FNanchor_492" id="FNanchor_492"></a><a href="#Footnote_492" class="fnanchor">[492]</a> and perhaps, if I were to -assert that few spots, if any, excel in the variety of its -tasteful walks and unexpected recesses, I should not -outstep the verge of truth.</p> - -<p>The villa was designed by Mr. Atkinson, with his<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_313" id="Page_313">[313]</a></span> -usual attention to domestic comfort; the grounds were -peculiarly manured under his direction, and the rarest -trees and choicest plants he could procure from all the -known parts of the globe were planted by his own hand, -and that too in the course of the last twelve years. On -the knolls the antiquary will find sculpture from Carthage; -and in the silent trickling dells the mineralogist specimens -of the varieties of English stone, imbedded in the most -picturesque strata. The delightful surprise of the spectator -is beyond belief, particularly on turning back to view -his trodden path, when that sun which fired the mind -of Claude sparkles among the gently waving branches -from climes he may never visit. Upon my observing -to Mrs. Atkinson that in this meandering retreat my -mind would be instantly soothed, that lady then recalled -to my recollection Allan Ramsay’s <cite>Gentle Shepherd</cite>, by -repeating the following lines:</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“How wholesome is’t to breathe the vernal air,</div> -<div class="verse">And all the sweets it bears, when void of care.”<a name="FNanchor_493" id="FNanchor_493"></a><a href="#Footnote_493" class="fnanchor">[493]</a></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Here the Waltonian, too, will find a seat, and view the -canal—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Kissing with eddies soft the bordering grass.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>My thanks are here offered to my friend Mr. West,<a name="FNanchor_494" id="FNanchor_494"></a><a href="#Footnote_494" class="fnanchor">[494]</a> -late of Drury Lane Theatre, now a professor of music,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_314" id="Page_314">[314]</a></span> -for the kind loan of an imperfect copy (which he met with -at a stall) of a work of rarity, of which I have not been able -to hear of another copy. It is not mentioned by Watt, -and, what is more remarkable, the Rev. Hartwell Horne,<a name="FNanchor_495" id="FNanchor_495"></a><a href="#Footnote_495" class="fnanchor">[495]</a> -of the British Museum, never heard of it. It is a small -quarto, bearing the following title:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“THE<br /> -POST ANGEL,<br /> -OR,<br /> -UNIVERSAL ENTERTAINMENT.</p> - -<p>“London: printed, and to be sold by A. Baldwin, near -the Oxford Arms, in Warwick Lane, 1702, where is to be -had the first and second volume, or any single month, from -January, 1701, to this time; price of each, one shilling.”<a name="FNanchor_496" id="FNanchor_496"></a><a href="#Footnote_496" class="fnanchor">[496]</a></p> - -</div> - -<p>Page 191 of the third volume affords the admirers of -wax effigies the following information:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="center">“TO THE EDITOR.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">Sir</span>,—You having promised to give an account of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_315" id="Page_315">[315]</a></span> -curiosities of art, as well as the wonders of nature, I thought -it would oblige the public to acquaint you that the effigies -of his late Majesty, King William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, of glorious memory, -is curiously done to the life in wax, dressed in coronation -robe, with so majestic a mien that nothing seems wanting -but life and motion, as persons of great honour upon the -strictest view have with surprise declared. Likewise the -effigies of several persons of quality, with a fine banquet, -and other curiosities in every room, passing to and from -the King’s apartment, are all to be seen at Mrs. Goldsmith’s, -in Green Court, in the Old Jury, London.”</p> - -</div> - -<p>From the following flummery bespattered on this wax-worker -by the editor of the <cite>Post Angel</cite>, I may, with the -greatest probability, conclude that his substance was -just as vulnerable as that of many of the hirelings who -feed themselves by puffing what they denominate “the fine -arts,” and that he had no objection to a dozen of port, -<em>had it been ever so crusted</em>.</p> - -<p>“The Observator” states that “the ingenuity of -man hath found out several ways to imitate Nature, and -represent natural bodies to the eye by sculpture, picture, -carving, waxwork, etc.; and though some of the ancients -were famed for this art, as Zeuxis and Apelles, yet our last -ages have outstripped them, and made considerable improvements, -as may be easily discernible to those who -are skilled in antiquities, and have observed the <em>rude</em> and -<em>coarse</em> pieces of the ancients. Those that question the -truth of this, need but step to that famous artist, Mrs. -Goldsmith, in the Old Jewry, whose <em>workmanship</em> is so -absolute (<em>in the effigies which she has made of his late Majesty</em>), -as it admits of no correction. She also made the late -Queen, the Duke of Gloucester, to the general satisfaction<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_316" id="Page_316">[316]</a></span> -of a great number of the nobility and gentry. I am not for -the Hungarian’s wooden coat of mail, the work of fifteen -years; nor Myrmeride’s coach with four horses, so little -that you might hide them under a fly’s wing: these are but -a laborious loss of time, an ingenious profusion of one of -the best talents we are entrusted with; but <em>this effigy of his -late Majesty</em> has taken up but a small part of Mrs. Goldsmith’s -time, and yet it is made with so much art, that -nothing seems wanting but life and motion. I own,” -continues this time-server, “’tis little wonder to see a -picture have motion; but Mrs. Goldsmith is such a person -(as all will own that see this effigy which she has made of -King William), that she has almost found the secret to -make even dead bodies alive.”</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 550px;" id="illus48"> - -<img src="images/illus48.jpg" width="550" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="caption">THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH, R.A.</p> - -<p class="caption">“We are all going to heaven, and Van Dyck is of the company.”</p> - -<p class="captionr"><cite>His dying words</cite></p> - -</div> - -<h3>1832.</h3> - -<p>“You are never idle,” observed my <em>old</em>, <span class="smcapuc">OLD</span>, very OLD -friend John Taylor,<a name="FNanchor_497" id="FNanchor_497"></a><a href="#Footnote_497" class="fnanchor">[497]</a> as he entered my parlour on the 3rd -of November, in his ninety-third year: “bless me, how -like that is to your father! Well, Howard is a very clever -fellow! Pray now, do tell me, did your father know -Churchill? My friend Jonathan Tyers introduced me to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_317" id="Page_317">[317]</a></span> -him in Vauxhall Gardens much about the time Hogarth -represented him as a bear with a pot of porter.<a name="FNanchor_498" id="FNanchor_498"></a><a href="#Footnote_498" class="fnanchor">[498]</a> I think, -to the best of my recollection, the print was brought out -in 1763. Mr. Tyers asked Mr. Churchill what he thought -of it. ‘Oh!’ said he, ‘it is a silly thing, Sir. I should -have thought Hogarth had known better.’” I then -requested Mr. Taylor to describe Mr. Churchill’s dress for -Vauxhall Gardens. “Oh! not as a clergyman, not in -black, as he appeared in the pit of the theatre. Let me see: -his coat was blue, edged with a narrow gold lace; a buff -waistcoat; but I won’t be certain whether that was laced -or not—I rather think it was not. He had black silk -small-clothes, white silk stockings, small silver shoe-buckles, -and a gold-laced three-cornered hat.”</p> - -<p>“Did you know Gainsborough, Sir?” “Oh! I remember -him; he was an odd man at times. I recollect -my master Hayman coming home after he had been to -an exhibition, and saying what an extraordinary picture -Gainsborough had painted of the Blue Boy; it is as fine -as Vandyke.”<a name="FNanchor_499" id="FNanchor_499"></a><a href="#Footnote_499" class="fnanchor">[499]</a> “Who was the Blue Boy, Sir?” “Why,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_318" id="Page_318">[318]</a></span> -he was an ironmonger, but why so called I don’t know. -He lived at the corner of Greek and King Streets, Soho; -an immensely rich man.” “Did you know Mrs. Abington?” -“Oh yes; she was a most delightful actress of women -of fashion, though she made herself very ridiculous by -attempting the part of <cite>Scrub</cite>.<a name="FNanchor_500" id="FNanchor_500"></a><a href="#Footnote_500" class="fnanchor">[500]</a> Mr. Hoole, when he heard -she was to play the character that evening, sent for a chair -and went to see her; but he said it was so truly ridiculous, -that he was quite disgusted. Ay, I see you have got -Nollekens’s bust of Dr. Johnson. I made two drawings -of him when I was at Oxford: one was for Sir Robert -Chambers,<a name="FNanchor_501" id="FNanchor_501"></a><a href="#Footnote_501" class="fnanchor">[501]</a> who married the pretty Miss Wilton, that went<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_319" id="Page_319">[319]</a></span> -to India; who had the other, I can’t immediately say. I -remember the Doctor asked me what countryman I was.—‘A -Londoner, Sir, a Londoner.’ ‘And where born?’ -‘In the parish of Ethelburga, in Bishopsgate Within.’ -It is a very small church; but my father and mother<a name="FNanchor_502" id="FNanchor_502"></a><a href="#Footnote_502" class="fnanchor">[502]</a> -were buried there, though I suppose, by this time, there’s -nothing of them left. My friend Jonathan Tyers took -milk and water for upwards of twenty years at his meals, -though he very well knew what a good glass of wine was, -as well as any man in England. Ay, and a fine haunch -of venison, too. Many and many a time I have dined -with him in the gardens, when I was making the drawing -for Boydell, of Hayman’s picture of the Admirals. Mr. -Tyers gave very excellent dinners, I must say.”</p> - -<p>The truly skilful manner in which Mr. John Seguier -has proceeded with the pictures painted by Rubens, -which adorn the ceiling of Whitehall Chapel, will, I hope, -prove a lasting record of his success in picture-cleaning. -When first I ascended the scaffold, my astonishment -was beyond conception at the enormous size of the objects. -The children are more than nine feet, and the full-grown -figures from twenty to twenty-five in height. The pictures -were in a most filthy and husky state. However, -it afforded me infinite delight to hear Mr. Seguier declare, -that he firmly believed he should be able to remove -Cipriani’s washy colouring completely; and that he expected -to find that of Rubens in its pristine state. Upon -my seeing these pictures on the floor, after they had been -cleaned,<a name="FNanchor_503" id="FNanchor_503"></a><a href="#Footnote_503" class="fnanchor">[503]</a> I found his predictions verified, and can now,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_320" id="Page_320">[320]</a></span> -by the judicious nourishment afforded to the canvas, -announce their effect to be truly glorious. Every precaution -has been taken, under the able direction of Sir -Benjamin Clarke Stevenson, to render the roof impervious -to the most inveterate weather, so that posterity, in all -probability, may long enjoy the beauties of these masterpieces -of art.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">Upper Gower Street, Bedford Square</span>, <i>16th November 1832</i>.</p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">My dear Sir</span>,—As I am desirous to make your valuable -collection of letters from bygone professional characters complete, -gratify me by accepting the accompanying original -communication from Mrs. Abington to Mrs. Jordan.<a name="FNanchor_504" id="FNanchor_504"></a><a href="#Footnote_504" class="fnanchor">[504]</a> It -will call to your remembrance the period when that skilful -and excellent man, John Bannister, delighted the town -by <em>his</em> performances; whose retirement from public life -in June, 1815 (after thirty-seven years of hard and honest -service), opened the doors of Old Drury to a young aspirant -for histrionic honours in the person of your humble -servant.</p> - -<p>“I need not here enumerate <em>all</em> the advantages derived -from a constant association with such an artist -as John Bannister. An uninterrupted friendly intercourse -of many years manifested the sincerity in which -he penned the following note to me a short time after -my appearance at Drury Lane Theatre:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right">“‘<span class="smcap">65 Gower Street</span>, <i>Dec. 30, 1815</i>.</p> - -<p>“‘<span class="smcap">My dear Sir</span>,—I have been confined to my room more -than three weeks with the gout; but I am now recovering,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_321" id="Page_321">[321]</a></span> -though slowly. Early next week, will you favour -me with a visit in Gower Street? It will please me -to give you all the information and gratification in my -power, and to converse with you personally about theatrical -matters.</p> - -<p>“‘You are my successor, and I beg leave to say that -I do not know any person more calculated to tread in -my shoes. I sincerely hope you may never have occasion -for the <em>gouty ones</em>! I remain, my dear Sir, yours sincerely,</p> - -<p class="right">“‘<span class="smcap">John Bannister</span>.’<a name="FNanchor_505" id="FNanchor_505"></a><a href="#Footnote_505" class="fnanchor">[505]</a></p> - -<p>“‘<span class="smcap">To J. P. Harley, Esq.</span>, Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.’</p> - -</div> - -<p>“And now, my dear Sir, with every sincere hope -for your continued health and happiness, believe that -I am very truly yours,</p> - -<p class="right">“<span class="smcap">J. P. Harley</span>.<a name="FNanchor_506" id="FNanchor_506"></a><a href="#Footnote_506" class="fnanchor">[506]</a></p> - -<p>“<span class="smcap">To John Thomas Smith</span>, British Museum.”</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_322" id="Page_322">[322]</a></span></p> - -<h3>1833.</h3> - -<p>Mrs. Piozzi, in her anecdotes of Dr. Johnson, speaking -of Porridge Island, says it “is a mean street in London, -filled with cook-shops, for the convenience of the poorer -inhabitants; the real name of it I know not, but suspect -that it is generally known by to have been originally a -term of derision.”</p> - -<p>Porridge Island consisted of a nest of old rat-deserted -houses, lately forming narrow alleys south of Chandos -Street, and east of St. Martin’s church, which were originally -occupied by numerous cooks for the accommodation -of the workmen engaged in erecting the said church.<a name="FNanchor_507" id="FNanchor_507"></a><a href="#Footnote_507" class="fnanchor">[507]</a></p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="footnotes"> - -<h2>FOOTNOTES</h2> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_1" id="Footnote_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> Two other residences of -Smith’s, less definitely associated -with his books or etchings, -are recorded. The first is No. -8 Popham Terrace, near the -Barley Mow Tavern, in Frog -Lane, Islington. His sojourn -here is mentioned, without -dates, by Lewis in his <cite>History -of Islington</cite> (1842). Frog Lane -is now Popham Road, of -which Popham Terrace appears -to have been part. In 1809, -Smith was living at No. 4 The -Polygon, Somers Town.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_2" id="Footnote_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Thomas Lowe had taken -Marylebone Gardens in 1763, -at a rent of £170. Fresh from -his triumphs as a tenor at -Vauxhall, he made concerts -the principal entertainment. -In 1768 he compounded with -his creditors.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_3" id="Footnote_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> This theatre at Richmond -was built two years before -Smith’s birth, and was opened -in May 1765, by Mr. Love, who -spoke a prologue by Garrick. -Love was the stage name of -James Dance, who, as a son -of George Dance, R.A., the City -Architect, adopted it that he -might not “disgrace his -family,” a proceeding on which -Genest comments: “Shall we -never have done with this -miserable cant? Foote, with -much humour, makes Papillion -say, in <cite>The Lyar</cite>: ‘As -to Player, whatever might -happen to me, I was determined -not to bring a disgrace -upon my family; and so I resolved to turn footman.’” -<cite>The Devil to Pay</cite>, by Charles -Coffey, was adapted from a -play by Jevon called <cite>The -Devil of a Wife</cite>, first produced -at Drury Lane in 1731, when -Love played “Jobson” and -Mrs. Love “Nell.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_4" id="Footnote_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> “A convivial glass-grinder, -then residing at No. 6, in -Earl Street, Seven Dials, and -who had, for upwards of fifty -years, worn a green velvet cap,” -is Smith’s note on his uncle. -In his <cite>Nollekens</cite> he says: -“In the British Museum there -is a brass medal of Vittore -Pisano, a painter of Verona, -executed by himself … his -cap, which is an upright one -with many folds, reminded me -of that sort usually worn, when -I was a boy, by the old glass-grinders -of the Seven Dials.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_5" id="Footnote_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> Dr. William Hunter (1718-83) -was elder brother of the -celebrated Dr. John Hunter, -to whom in 1768 he gave up his -house in Jermyn Street, taking -possession of the one he had -built for himself in Windmill -Street. In 1764 he had been -appointed Physician Extraordinary -to the Queen. He -became a foundation member -of the Royal Academy, as Professor -of Anatomy. It is related -that half an hour before -his death he exclaimed: “Had -I a pen, and were I able to -write, I would describe how -easy and pleasant a thing it -is to die.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_6" id="Footnote_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> Now rebuilt as No. 38.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_7" id="Footnote_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> Strype’s edition of Stow, -1720, contains many such -plates. John Kip, the engraver, -was born in Amsterdam. -He died at Westminster -in 1722.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_8" id="Footnote_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> In the miscellaneous pages -of his <cite>Nollekens</cite>, Smith reports -Elizabeth Carter, of “Epictetus” -fame, as saying to -a Covent Garden fruiterer, -named Twigg (jocularly known -as the “Twig of the Garden”): -“I recollect, Sir, when Mr. -Garrick acted, hackney chairs -were then so numerous that -they stood all round the Piazzas, -down Southampton Street, and -extended more than half-way -along Maiden Lane, so much -were they in requisition at -that time.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_9" id="Footnote_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> Voltaire first came to -London in May 1726, after -his confinement in the Bastille, -landing at Greenwich on a -cloudless night. His first impressions -of London are quoted -by Mr. Archibald Ballantyne -in his interesting <cite>Voltaire’s -Visit to England</cite>. After being -the guest of Bolingbroke, Voltaire -returned to Paris in a -state of indecision, but, again -crossing the Channel, he -settled at Wandsworth, where -he found a friend and host -in Sir Everard Falkener. He -met Pope, and improved his -English by attending the -theatres. Chetwood says: “I -furnished him every evening -with the play of the night -(at Drury Lane), which he -took with him into the orchestra -(his accustomed seat): in four -or five months he not only -conversed in elegant English, -but wrote it with exact propriety.” -Voltaire became a -well-known figure in London, -and wrote his <cite>Henriade</cite> in -his London lodging at the -sign of the “White Peruke,” -Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, -next door to the Bedford Head.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_10" id="Footnote_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> <cite>Notes of Proceedings and -Occurrences during the British -Embassy to Pekin</cite>, 1816. Geo. -Thos. Staunton, 1824. Printed -for Private Circulation.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_11" id="Footnote_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> Pliny the Younger, in -writing to his friend, Baebius -Macer, on the habits and life -of his uncle, C. Plinius Secundus -(Pliny the elder), says: -“A shorthand writer constantly -attended him, … -who, in the winter, wore a -particular sort of warm gloves, -that the sharpness of the -weather might not occasion -any interruption to my uncle’s -studies; and for the same -reason, when in Rome, he was -always carried in a chair. I -recollect his once taking me to -task for walking. ‘You need -not,’ he said, ‘lose these -hours.’ For he thought every -hour gone that was not given -to study” (<cite>Letters of Pliny -the Younger</cite>, bk. iii. letter -5, p. 82. Bohn’s Classical -Library).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_12" id="Footnote_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> The Catalogue of this exhibition -is entitled: “A Catalogue -of the Paintings, Sculptures, -Architecture, Models, -Drawings, Engravings, etc., now -exhibiting under the Patronage -of the Society for the Encouragement -of Arts, Manufactures, -and Commerce, at -their Great Room in the -Strand, London.” It credits -Mr. Nathaniel Smith, St. -Martin’s Lane, with the -following:—</p> - -<p>210. A bust as large as life.</p> - -<p>211. A figure of Time, imitating a bronze.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_13" id="Footnote_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> Smith’s naval ancestor won -his sobriquet, “Tom of Ten -Thousand,” very easily. He -had compelled the French -corvette <i>Gironde</i> to salute -the British colours in Plymouth -Sound, for which, on -complaint, he was dismissed -the navy for exceeding -his instructions, but was -shortly reinstated. The public -believed that he had fired -into the <i>Gironde</i> to compel -its respect to our flag, and -on this exaggerated report -gave him the name “Tom of -Ten Thousand.” Smith, who -rose to high rank, but won -no great personal distinction, -presided over the court-martial -which condemned Admiral Byng -in 1757.</p> - -<p>It may be added that the -name “Tom of Ten Thousand” -has been borne by several men, -notably by Thomas Thynne of -Longleat, who was so called -on account of his wealth. -He was murdered in Pall -Mall in February 1682, by -three assassins hired by Count -Königsmark. The murder is -realistically portrayed on his -tomb in the south aisle of -Westminster Abbey. Another -“Tom of Ten Thousand” was -Thomas Hudson, a native of -Leeds, who lost a large fortune -in the South Sea Scheme, -and, becoming insane, wandered -the streets of London -for years, leaning on a -crutch.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_14" id="Footnote_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> These coincidences of residence -seem to be overstated -by Smith. It must have been -after, not before, his visit -to Italy, which he made in -his 36th year, that Wilson -took apartments in the Piazza -on the north side of Covent -Garden. He lived above the -rooms of Cock, the auctioneer, -who was followed by Langford, -and later still by George -Robins. Sir Peter Lely had -lived in the same house from -1662 until his death in 1680, and -here his collections were sold -in 1667. Smith seems to be -wrong about Kneller. This -painter’s house had been on -the east side of the Square, -known as the Little Piazza. -Its garden, stretching back -to Bow Street, was the scene -of the famous quarrel between -Kneller and Dr. Ratcliffe. A -tenant who did precede -Wilson was Hogarth, who, -though he did not reside at -Cock’s, had exhibited here -his “Mariage à la Mode” -gratis, with a view to its sale.</p> - -<p>Wilson had a model made -of a portion of the Piazza, which -he used as a receptacle for -his implements. The rustic -work of the piers was provided -with drawers, and the -openings of the arches held -pencils and oil bottles. An unbending -devotion to his Italian -manner of painting (he so -Italianised a view of Kew -Gardens that George the -Third failed to recognise it) -and a rough temper brought -this fine painter to humbler -dwellings in Charlotte Street, -Great Queen Street, and Foley -Place; finally, to a room in -Tottenham Street. His fortunes -were mended at the last -by his appointment as Librarian to the Royal Academy, -and his succession to a small -estate in Wales on the death -of his brother.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_15" id="Footnote_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15"><span class="label">[15]</span></a> See a plate in the <cite>Lady’s -Magazine</cite> of 1870, in which -Miss Catley wears such elbow -ruffles in the character of -Rosetta in <cite>Love in a Village</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_16" id="Footnote_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16"><span class="label">[16]</span></a> The death of Molly Mogg -was thus announced in the -<cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>: “Mrs. -Mary Mogg, at Oakingham: -she was the person on whom -Gay wrote the song of ‘Molly -Mogg.’” This song was first -printed in <cite>Mist’s Weekly -Journal</cite> of August 27, 1726, -with a note stating that “it was -writ by two or three men of -wit (who have diverted the -public both in prose and verse), -upon the occasion of their lying -at a certain inn at Ockingham, -where the daughter of the -house was remarkably pretty, -and whose name is Molly -Mogg.” These “men of wit” -were supposed to have been -Pope, Swift, and Gay, and -it was believed that they had -together concocted the song, -but the weight of evidence is -in favour of Gay’s sole authorship. -There is, however, enough -doubt to warrant one in holding -to the pleasant tradition -that the three poets, over their -cups at the Rose Inn, made -the song which began (original -version):—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Says my Uncle, I pray you discover</div> -<div class="verse">What has been the cause of your woes,</div> -<div class="verse">That you pine and you whine like a lover?</div> -<div class="verse">I’ve seen Molly Mog of the Rose.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Oh, Nephew! your grief is but folly,</div> -<div class="verse">In town you may find better prog;</div> -<div class="verse">Half a crown there will get you a Molly,</div> -<div class="verse">A Molly much better than Mog.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse center">…</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">The school boys delight in a play-day,</div> -<div class="verse">The schoolmaster’s joy is to flog;</div> -<div class="verse">The milk-maid’s delight is in May day,</div> -<div class="verse">But mine is in sweet Molly Mog.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_17" id="Footnote_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17"><span class="label">[17]</span></a> Finch’s Grotto Garden -stood on the site now occupied -by the headquarters of the -Metropolitan Fire Brigade. It -was opened—six years before -John Thomas Smith was born—on -the strength of a spring -in the grounds which a Dr. -Townshend was willing to declare -medicinal. Concerts and -fireworks were given with fair -success, and here “Tommy” -Lowe accepted engagements -after his failure in the management -of Marylebone Gardens. -The tavern was burnt down -in May 1795, and was replaced -by another called the -“Goldsmith’s Arms,” afterwards -styled the “Old Grotto New -Reviv’d.” This tavern bore -the inscription—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Here Herbs did grow</div> -<div class="verse indent1">And flowers sweet,</div> -<div class="verse">But now ’tis call’d</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Saint George’s Street.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>All that is known about -Finch’s Grotto is told by -Mr. Warwick Wroth in his -admirable <cite>London Pleasure -Gardens of the Eighteenth -Century</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_18" id="Footnote_18"></a><a href="#FNanchor_18"><span class="label">[18]</span></a> This famous aid to the -teething of children was invented -about the year 1717, -when there appeared a <cite>Philosophical -Essay upon the Celebrated -Anodyne Necklace</cite>, dedicated -to Dr. Paul Chamberlen -(who died in this year), and -the Royal Society. This tract, -quoted by Mr. J. Eliot Hodgkin -in <cite>Notes and Queries</cite> of Feb. -16, 1884, argues the advantages -of the necklace as follows:—</p> - -<p>“For since the difficult -<em>Cutting of Children’s Teeth</em> -proceeds from the hard and -strict Closure of their <em>Gums</em>; -If you get Them but once -separated and opened, the -<em>Teeth</em> will of themselves -Naturally come Forth; Now -the Smooth Alcalious Atoms -of the <em>Necklace</em>, by their insinuating -figure and shape, -do so make way for their Protrusion -by gently <em>softening</em> -and <em>opening</em> the hard swelled -<em>Gums</em>, that the <span class="smcap">Teeth</span> will -of themselves without any -difficulty or pain <span class="smcap">Cut</span> and come -out, as has been sufficiently -proved.”</p> - -<p>Mr. Hodgkin describes the -necklace as “of beads artificially -prepared, small, like -barley-corns,” costing five -shillings. An early depôt was -Garraway’s at the Royal Exchange -Gate. In Smith’s day -they were sold in Long Acre -by Mr. Burchell at the sign -of the Anodyne Necklace, and -the price was still “5s. single,” -with “an allowance by the -dozen to sell again.” Burchell -advertised: “After the Wearing -of which about their Neck -but One night, Children have -immediately cut their <span class="smcap">Teeth</span> -with Safety, who but just -before were on the Brink of -the Grave.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_19" id="Footnote_19"></a><a href="#FNanchor_19"><span class="label">[19]</span></a> According to Daulby’s -numbering.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_20" id="Footnote_20"></a><a href="#FNanchor_20"><span class="label">[20]</span></a> For some curious erudition -on go-carts see Smith’s -<cite>Life of Nollekens</cite>, where he -says (1829 ed. i. 221): “When -I was a boy, the go-cart was -common in every toy-shop -in London; but it was to be -found in the greatest abundance -in the once far-famed turners’ -shop in Spinning-wheel Alley, -Moorfields: a narrow passage -leading from those fields to -the spot upon which the -original Bethlehem Hospital -stood in Bishopsgate Street. -In 1825-26, however, both -Spinning-wheel Alley and Old -Bethlehem were considerably -altered and widened, and subsequently -named Liverpool -Street.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_21" id="Footnote_21"></a><a href="#FNanchor_21"><span class="label">[21]</span></a> Hone says: “The late -King George <span class="smcapuc">IV</span>. and his -brothers and sisters, all the -royal family of George <span class="smcapuc">III</span>., -were rocked. The rocker was -a female officer of the household, -with a salary” (<cite>Every -Day Book</cite>). Rocker cradles -are to-day made in Ireland -by villagers, and sold from -door to door.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_22" id="Footnote_22"></a><a href="#FNanchor_22"><span class="label">[22]</span></a> Two artists, father and son, -bore the name of Israel von -Meckenen. They flourished in -the fifteenth and early sixteenth -centuries, and appear -to have collaborated on some -250 prints. The British Museum -has a fine set of their engravings.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_23" id="Footnote_23"></a><a href="#FNanchor_23"><span class="label">[23]</span></a> The stone inscribed “Here -lies Nancy Dawson” no longer -exists. M. Dorsay Ansell, the -obliging keeper of the burial-grounds -(now laid out as -one recreation-ground) of St. -George the Martyr and St. -George’s, Bloomsbury, is frequently -applied to for information -as to its existence. -Eighteen years ago, when these -grounds were formed, careful -search was made for interesting -stones, and the gravestone -of Zachary Macaulay, among -others, was discovered by Mr. -Ansell. That of Nancy Dawson -was never found, but it may -be buried out of sight.</p> - -<p>Nancy Dawson is stated -to have died at Haverstock -Hill, May 27, 1767. Her -portrait in oils still hangs in -the Garrick Club, and the -print-sellers are familiar with -her figure in theatrical costume. -She is believed to have been -born about 1730, to have -been the daughter of a Clare -Market porter, and to have -lived in poverty in St. Giles’s -or in a Drury Lane cellar. -The rather ill-supported -narratives of her career speak, -as does Smith, of her waiting -on the skittle-players at a -Marylebone tavern, which Mr. -George Clinch thinks (<cite>Marylebone -and St. Pancras</cite>) may -have been the old “Rose of -Normandy” in High Street.</p> - -<p>Nancy Dawson’s fortune was -made in 1759 in the Beggars’ -Opera. The man who danced -the hornpipe among the thieves -happened to have fallen ill, and -his place was taken by Nancy, -who was then a rising young -actress. From that moment -her success was secure. Her -real monument is the song -beginning—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Of all the girls in our town,</div> -<div class="verse">The black, the fair, the red, the brown,</div> -<div class="verse">That dance and prance it up and down,</div> -<div class="verse">There’s none like Nancy Dawson!</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Her easy mien, her shape so neat,</div> -<div class="verse">She foots, she trips, she looks so sweet,</div> -<div class="verse">Her ev’ry motion’s so complete,</div> -<div class="verse">I die for Nancy Dawson!”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_24" id="Footnote_24"></a><a href="#FNanchor_24"><span class="label">[24]</span></a> Musgrave’s note continues: -“Whom she deserted upon his -discovering that she had an -intrigue with the exciseman -of that district.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_25" id="Footnote_25"></a><a href="#FNanchor_25"><span class="label">[25]</span></a> Rubens’s beautiful second -wife, Helena Fourment, who -was only sixteen when he -married her. She is the subject -of not a few of his -pictures.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_26" id="Footnote_26"></a><a href="#FNanchor_26"><span class="label">[26]</span></a> Nollekens, the sculptor, -highly approved of puddings -for children, and would say, -“Ay, now, what’s your -name?” “Mrs. Rapworth, -sir.” “Well, Mrs. Rapworth, -you have done right; I wore -a pudding when I was a little -boy, and all my mother’s -children wore puddings.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_27" id="Footnote_27"></a><a href="#FNanchor_27"><span class="label">[27]</span></a> The parent of the Royal -Academy, as an exhibiting -body, was the Foundling Hospital -in Guilford Street. A -number of painters, including -Hogarth, Reynolds, Richard -Wilson, and Gainsborough, -agreed to present pictures to -Captain Coram’s charity. -These were shown with such -success, that the possibility -of holding remunerative exhibitions -was perceived, and -in 1760 a free exhibition was -opened in the rooms of the -Society of Arts. In following -years exhibitions were held -in Spring Gardens. In 1765 -the “Incorporated Society of -Artists of Great Britain” -obtained its charter; but disputes -arose, and three years -later twenty or more painters -successfully petitioned George -<span class="smcapuc">III</span>. to establish the “Royal -Academy of Arts in London.” -So many of the original -members of the Royal Academy -are mentioned by Smith, -that it will be useful to insert -their names. They were all -nominated by George <span class="smcapuc">III</span>.:</p> - -<ul> -<li>Sir Joshua Reynolds.</li> -<li>Benjamin West.</li> -<li>Thomas Sandby.</li> -<li>Francis Cotes.</li> -<li>John Baker.</li> -<li>Mason Chamberlin.</li> -<li>John Gwynn.</li> -<li>Thomas Gainsborough.</li> -<li>J. Baptist Cipriani.</li> -<li>Jeremiah Meyer.</li> -<li>Francis Milner Newton.</li> -<li>Paul Sandby.</li> -<li>Francesco Bartolozzi.</li> -<li>Charles Catton.</li> -<li>Nathaniel Hone.</li> -<li>William Tyler.</li> -<li>Nathaniel Dance.</li> -<li>Richard Wilson.</li> -<li>G. Michael Moser.</li> -<li>Samuel Wale.</li> -<li>Peter Toms.</li> -<li>Angelica Kauffman.</li> -<li>Richard Yeo.</li> -<li>Mary Moser.</li> -<li>William Chambers.</li> -<li>Joseph Wilton.</li> -<li>George Barret.</li> -<li>Edward Penny.</li> -<li>Agostino Carlini.</li> -<li>Francis Hayman.</li> -<li>Dominic Serres.</li> -<li>John Richards.</li> -<li>Francesco Zuccarelli.</li> -<li>George Dance.</li> -<li>William Hoare.</li> -<li>Johan Zoffany.</li> -</ul> - -<p>A year and a day after the -foundation of the Royal -Academy, it was resolved: -“There shall be a new order, -or rank of members, to be -called Associates of the Royal -Academy.” Of the first -twenty Associates, the following -are mentioned in the <cite>Rainy -Day</cite>: Richard Cosway, John -Bacon, James Wyatt, Joseph -Nollekens, James Barry (all -of whom were afterwards -R.A.’s); and Antonio Zucchi, -Michael Angelo Rooker, and -Biagio Rebecca.</p> - -<p>The first Royal Academy -exhibition was opened to the -public in Pall Mall “immediately -east of where the United -Service Club now stands” -(Wheatley) on the 26th of -April, 1769. Two years later, -the King assigned rooms in -Somerset House to the Academy, -but his offer was not -utilised until the new Somerset -House was ready, in 1780. -Here the annual exhibitions -were held for fifty-eight years. -The Academicians then migrated -to the eastern half of -the National Gallery building -in Trafalgar Square. In 1869 -the removal to Burlington -House was made. The history -of the rise and progress -of the Royal Academy, which -Smith wished might have been -undertaken by its secretary, -Henry Howard, R.A., has -been written very fully by -William Sandby, and again -recently by the late J. E. -Hodgson, R.A., and Mr. F. A. -Eaton in collaboration.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_28" id="Footnote_28"></a><a href="#FNanchor_28"><span class="label">[28]</span></a> In this riot in St. George’s -Fields, five or six people were -killed by the Guards, and -about fifteen wounded.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_29" id="Footnote_29"></a><a href="#FNanchor_29"><span class="label">[29]</span></a> Henry Fuseli (1741-1825) -had come to London in 1763. -On presenting himself before -Sir Joshua Reynolds, the -following dialogue occurred: -“How long have you studied -in Italy?” “I never studied -in Italy—I studied in Zurich—I -am a native of Switzerland—do -you think I should study -in Italy? and, above all, is -it worth while?” “Young -man, were I the author of -these drawings, and were I -offered ten thousand a year -<em>not</em> to practise as an artist, -I would reject the proposal -with contempt.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_30" id="Footnote_30"></a><a href="#FNanchor_30"><span class="label">[30]</span></a> Dr. John Armstrong, whose -poem, “The Art of Preserving -Health,” was long famous, is -now best remembered as the -author of a few stanzas in -Thomson’s <cite>Castle of Indolence</cite> -describing the morbid -effects of indolence. Haydon -writes of Fuseli: “He swore -roundly, a habit which he told -me he contracted from Dr. -Armstrong.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_31" id="Footnote_31"></a><a href="#FNanchor_31"><span class="label">[31]</span></a> Sir John Eardley-Wilmot, -Chief Justice of the Common -Pleas, decided several cases -arising out of Wilkes’s libels: -his reply to Lord North’s -extraordinary letter was the -only one he could make. In -spite of Wilkes’s easy victory -at the poll, the House of -Commons declared that Colonel -Luttrell ought to have been -elected, and his name was -substituted for Wilkes’s in -the return, a proceeding -which inflamed the situation.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_32" id="Footnote_32"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32"><span class="label">[32]</span></a> Henry William Bunbury -stands apart from his fellow-caricaturists -as a wealthy -amateur. He was the second -son of the Rev. Sir William -Bunbury, Bart., of Great -Barton, Suffolk, and married -Catherine Horneck, the “Little -Comedy” of Goldsmith. -Bretherton was an engraver -and printseller in Bond Street. -He engraved nearly all Bunbury’s -drawings, and it was -said that he alone could do -so with good effect.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_33" id="Footnote_33"></a><a href="#FNanchor_33"><span class="label">[33]</span></a> For almost a century the -exodus of the London citizens -to the outlying country was -considered fair game for -satire. Bunbury’s caricature -of 1772 only records the -humours which Robert Lloyd -had touched in “The Cit’s -Country Box,” printed in No. -135 of the <cite>Connoisseur</cite>.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“The trav’ler with amazement sees</div> -<div class="verse">A temple, Gothic or Chinese,</div> -<div class="verse">With many a bell and tawdry rag on,</div> -<div class="verse">And crested with a sprawling dragon.</div> -<div class="verse">A wooden arch is bent astride</div> -<div class="verse">A ditch of water four feet wide;</div> -<div class="verse">With angles, curves, and zigzag lines,</div> -<div class="verse">From Halfpenny’s exact designs.</div> -<div class="verse">In front a level lawn is seen,</div> -<div class="verse">Without a shrub upon the green;</div> -<div class="verse">Where taste would want its first great law,</div> -<div class="verse">But for the skulking sly Ha-Ha;</div> -<div class="verse">By whose miraculous assistance</div> -<div class="verse">You gain a prospect two fields distance.</div> -<div class="verse">And now from Hyde Park Corner come</div> -<div class="verse">The gods of Athens and of Rome:</div> -<div class="verse">Here squabby Cupids take their places,</div> -<div class="verse">With Venus and the clumsy graces;</div> -<div class="verse">Apollo there, with aim so clever,</div> -<div class="verse">Stretches his leaden bow for ever.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Even Cowper saw little but -absurdity in the demand for -villas and “summer-houses.”</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Suburban villas, highway-side retreats,</div> -<div class="verse">That dread th’ encroachment of our growing streets,</div> -<div class="verse">Tight boxes neatly sash’d, and in a blaze</div> -<div class="verse">With all a July sun’s collected rays,</div> -<div class="verse">Delight the citizen, who, gasping there,</div> -<div class="verse">Breathes clouds of dust, and calls it country air.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Horace Smith, Lord Byron, -and Thomas Hood all touched -more or less satirically on this -subject.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_34" id="Footnote_34"></a><a href="#FNanchor_34"><span class="label">[34]</span></a> There is a confusion here. -Walpole in his <cite>Anecdotes of -Painting</cite> deals only with -Jonathan Richardson the -elder (1665-1745), portrait -painter and critic; Smith -refers to his son (1694-1771). -The two were greatly attached -to each other. There was a -story that they sketched each -other’s faces every day. Old -Richardson, who wrote a -treatise on <cite>Paradise Lost</cite>, was -able to study the classics -only through his son, on -whom he doted. Hogarth -made a caricature, which he -suppressed, of the father using -his son as a telescope to read -the writers of Greece and -Rome. W. H. Pyne says of -Old Richardson in <cite>Wine and -Walnuts</cite>: “He seldom rambled -city-ways, though sometimes -he stepped in at the ‘Rainbow,’ -where he counted a few -worthies, or looked in at Dick’s -and gave them a note or two. -He would not put his foot -on the threshold of the ‘Devil,’ -however, for he thought the -sign profane. Fielding would -run a furlong to escape him; -he called him Doctor Fidget.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_35" id="Footnote_35"></a><a href="#FNanchor_35"><span class="label">[35]</span></a> The milkmaids’ chief haunt -was Islington, whence hundreds -of them carried the milk into -London every morning. In -his print “Evening,” the scene -of which is laid outside the -“Middleton Head,” Hogarth -has an Islington milkmaid milking -a cow, and in his “Enraged -Musicians,” a milkmaid with -her cry of <em>Milk Belouw</em> contributes -to the town noises. -The “garlands of massive -plate” which the milkmaids -carried round on May Day -were borrowed of pawnbrokers -on security. One pawnbroker, -says Hone, was particularly -resorted to. He let his plate -at so much per hour, under -bond from housekeepers for its -safe return. In this way one -set of milkmaids would hire -the garland from ten o’clock -till one, and another from one -till six, and so on during the -first three days of May. These -customs had all but passed -away when Smith wrote his -<cite>Rainy Day</cite>, but long after -the milkmaids had ceased to -celebrate the London May Day -the chimney-sweepers brought -out their Jacks-in-the-green, -specimens of which have been -seen in the streets in the -last twenty years. In 1825, -Hone speaks of the dances -round the “garland” as a -“lately disused custom.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_36" id="Footnote_36"></a><a href="#FNanchor_36"><span class="label">[36]</span></a> The boxes and pavilions -at Vauxhall were decorated -with paintings at the suggestion -of Hogarth, who permitted his -“Four Times of the Day” to -be copied by Francis Hayman. -He also presented Tyers with -a picture from his own hand, -“Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span> and Anne -Boleyn,” receiving in acknowledgment -a gold ticket inscribed -“In perpetuam Beneficii -memoriam,” and giving -admission to “a coachfull” -of people. The Vauxhall -paintings chiefly represented -sports and sentimental scenes. -Among Hayman’s works were, -“The Game of Quadrille,” -“Children Playing at Shuttlecock,” -“Leap Frog,” “Falstaff’s -Cowardice Detected,” -etc. In November 1841, -twenty-four of these pictures, -all in a dirty condition, -were sold in the Gardens at -prices varying from 30s. to -£10.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_37" id="Footnote_37"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37"><span class="label">[37]</span></a> Marcellus Lauron, or -Laroon (1653-1702), was born -at the Hague, and came to -London, where he painted -draperies for Sir Godfrey -Kneller and executed his -“Cryes of London,” engraved -by Tempest. His son, Captain -Marcellus Lauron, or Laroon, -was soldier, artist, and actor, -and a friend of Hogarth.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_38" id="Footnote_38"></a><a href="#FNanchor_38"><span class="label">[38]</span></a> Probably Dr. George Armstrong, -brother of Dr. John -Armstrong, author of the -poem, “The Art of Preserving -Health.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_39" id="Footnote_39"></a><a href="#FNanchor_39"><span class="label">[39]</span></a> In Smith’s boyhood the -“Queen’s Head and Artichoke” -was a rural tavern -and tea-garden in Marylebone -Park, quarter of a -mile north of the New Road, -now Marylebone Road. The -Marylebone Gardens were -in decline, and their place -was taken by three smaller -resorts, the “Queen’s Head -and Artichoke,” the “Jew’s -Harp,” and the “Yorkshire -Stingo.” The two first-named -places were connected by a -zigzag path known as Love -Lane. In his <cite>Nollekens</cite> Smith -has this choice morsel: “Mrs. -Nollekens made it a rule to -allow one servant—as they -kept two—to go out on the -alternate Sunday; for it was -Mrs. Nollekens’ opinion that -if they were never permitted -to visit the ‘Jew’s Harp,’ -‘Queen’s Head and Artichoke,’ -or Chalk Farm, they never -would wash <em>theirselves</em>.” The -site of the “Artichoke” was -covered by Decimus Burton’s -Colosseum.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_40" id="Footnote_40"></a><a href="#FNanchor_40"><span class="label">[40]</span></a> The “Jew’s Harp,” dubiously -explained as a corruption -of <i lang="fr">jeu trompe</i>, <i>i.e.</i> toy-trumpet, -stood near the lower portion -of the Broad Walk in Regent’s -Park. Its arbours and tea-garden -were long an attraction -to the London youth. Here -Arthur Onslow, when Speaker, -was accustomed to sit in an -evening smoking his pipe, -and sharing in the tavern talk. -The landlord’s discovery that -his guest was the Speaker of -the House of Commons cost -him his customer, for when -Onslow found himself received -at the “Jew’s Harp” with -ceremony, he discontinued his -visits.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_41" id="Footnote_41"></a><a href="#FNanchor_41"><span class="label">[41]</span></a> This farm in the possession -of Thomas Willan was taken -by order of the Treasury for -the formation of Regent’s -Park in 1794. It contained -about 288 acres.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_42" id="Footnote_42"></a><a href="#FNanchor_42"><span class="label">[42]</span></a> Marylebone Gardens had -their main entrance in High -Street, Marylebone, and extended -eastward to Harley -Street.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_43" id="Footnote_43"></a><a href="#FNanchor_43"><span class="label">[43]</span></a> Richard Kendall’s farm, -comprising about 133 acres, -was absorbed in Regent’s Park.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_44" id="Footnote_44"></a><a href="#FNanchor_44"><span class="label">[44]</span></a> The “Green Man” (rebuilt) -stands east of Portland Road, -Metropolitan Railway Station, -on the site of the “Farthing -Pie House,” at which scraps -of mutton put into a crust -were sold for a farthing. The -rural state of this neighbourhood, -and the regrets which the -spread of London awakened, -are set forth in Dr. Ducarel’s -speech in the chapter, “Nothing -to Eat,” in Ephraim Hardcastle’s -(William Henry Pyne’s) -delightful <cite>Wine and Walnuts</cite>:—</p> - -<p>“‘Verily I cannot get this -mighty street out of my head,’ -said the Doctor. ‘And then -there is the new park—what -do you call it? Mary-le-bone—no, -the Regent’s Park: it -seems to be an elegant, well-planned -place, methinks, and -will have a fine effect, no -doubt, with its villas and -what not, when the shrubs -and trees have shot up a little. -But I shall not live to see it, -and I care not; for I remember -those fields in their natural, -rural garb, covered with herds -of kine, when you might -stretch across from old Willan’s -farm there, a-top of Portland -Street, right away without -impediment to Saint John’s -Wood, where I have gathered -blackberries when a boy—which pretty place, I am sorry -to see, these brick-and-mortar -gentry have trenched upon. -Why, Ephraim, you metropolitans -will have half a day’s -journey, if you proceed at -this rate, ere you can get a -mouthful of fresh air. Where -the houses are to find inhabitants, -and, when inhabited, -where so many mouths are -to find meat, must be found -out by those who come -after.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_45" id="Footnote_45"></a><a href="#FNanchor_45"><span class="label">[45]</span></a> Smith seems to have -understated the facts. James -Easton, the author of a curious -work, entitled “<cite>Human Longevity</cite>, -recording the name, -age, place of residence, and -year of the decease of 1712 -persons, who attained a century -and upwards, from <span class="smcapuc">A.D.</span> -66 to 1799, etc.” (Salisbury, -1799), enumerates sixty-one -cases in this year as against -Smith’s forty-eight. He -gives the following particulars -of the three cases named by -Smith:—</p> - -<p>“Mrs. Keithe—133, of -Newnham, Gloucestershire. -She, lived moderately, and -retained her senses till within -fourteen days of her death. -She left three daughters, the -eldest aged one hundred and -eleven; the second one hundred -and ten; the youngest -one hundred and nine. Also -seven great, and great great -grandchildren.</p> - -<p>“Mr. Rice—115, of Southwark, -cooper.</p> - -<p>“Mrs. Chun—138, near -Litchfield, Staffordshire; resided -in the same house one -hundred and three years. By -frequent exercise, and temperate -living, she attained -so great longevity. She left -one son and two daughters, -the youngest upwards of one -hundred years.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_46" id="Footnote_46"></a><a href="#FNanchor_46"><span class="label">[46]</span></a> According to one story, -Mother Damnable was Jinney, -the daughter of a Kentish -Town brick-maker, named -Jacob Bingham. After living -with a marauder named Gipsy -George, who was hanged for -sheep-stealing, Jinney passed -from the protection of one -criminal to another, until she -was left a lonesome and embittered -woman. She lived in -her own cottage, built on -waste land by her father, and -abused everyone.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“’Tis Mother Damnable! that monstrous thing,</div> -<div class="verse">Unmatch’d by Macbeth’s wayward women’s ring.</div> -<div class="verse">For cursing, scolding, fuming, flinging fire</div> -<div class="verse">I’ the face of madam, lord, knight, gent, cit, squire.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The story went that on the -night of her death hundreds -of persons saw the Devil enter -her house. On the site rose -the inn which bore her portrait -as its sign. Smith’s mention -of the terror with which it -was regarded may have reference -to its loneliness and gruesome -traditions. In his own -day the inn was a pleasant -resort. “Then the old Mother -Red Cap was the evening -resort of worn-out Londoners, -and many a happy evening -was spent in the green fields -round about the old wayside -houses by the children of poorer -classes. At that time the -Dairy, at the junction of the -Hampstead and Kentish Town -roads, was not the fashionable -building it is now, but with -forms for the pedestrians to -rest on, they served out milk -fresh from the cow to all who -came” (John Palmer, <cite>St. -Pancras</cite>). This dairy, so long a -landmark to North Londoners, -has just disappeared in favour -of a “Tube” railway station.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_47" id="Footnote_47"></a><a href="#FNanchor_47"><span class="label">[47]</span></a> This curious work may -still be seen in Little Denmark -Street, where its forty or -fifty writhing figures, incrusted -with grime, look at a little -distance like some ordinary -floral design. The original -“Resurrection Gate” was -erected about the year 1687, -in accordance with an order -of the vestry. The bill of -expenses is extant, and its -terms were contributed by -Dr. Rimbault to <cite>Notes and -Queries</cite> of June 23, 1864, showing -the cost to have been -£185, 14s. 6d., of which £27 -was paid for the carving to an -artist named Love. In 1900, -the present Tuscan gate in -Little Denmark Street was -erected with the old carving -inserted.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_48" id="Footnote_48"></a><a href="#FNanchor_48"><span class="label">[48]</span></a> Probably Charles Harriot -Smith, the architect, who was -at first a stone-carver. He -died in 1864.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_49" id="Footnote_49"></a><a href="#FNanchor_49"><span class="label">[49]</span></a> The Reverend James Bean -was Vicar of Olney, Buckinghamshire, -and assistant librarian -at the British Museum. -He died in 1826, and was buried -in St. George’s, Bloomsbury, -burial-ground.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_50" id="Footnote_50"></a><a href="#FNanchor_50"><span class="label">[50]</span></a> Strype says these almshouses -bore the inscription, -“St. Giles’s Almshouse, anno -domini 1656.” They were -removed in 1782.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_51" id="Footnote_51"></a><a href="#FNanchor_51"><span class="label">[51]</span></a> Originally Queen Anne’s -Square and now Queen Anne’s -Gate.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_52" id="Footnote_52"></a><a href="#FNanchor_52"><span class="label">[52]</span></a> The Pound stood, as Smith -indicates, in the broad space -where St. Giles High Street, -Tottenham Court Road, and -Oxford Street met; it was -removed in 1765.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_53" id="Footnote_53"></a><a href="#FNanchor_53"><span class="label">[53]</span></a> This song, entitled “Just -the Thing,” is valuable as a -portrait of the eighteenth-century -“hooligan,” ancestor of -Mr. Clarence Rook’s nineteenth -century “Alf” in <cite>Hooligan -Nights</cite>:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“On Newgate steps Jack Chance was found,</div> -<div class="verse">And bred up near St. Giles’s Pound,</div> -<div class="verse">My story is true, deny it who can,</div> -<div class="verse">By saucy, leering Billingsgate Nan.</div> -<div class="verse">Her bosom glowed with heartfelt joy</div> -<div class="verse">When first she held the lovely boy.</div> -<div class="verse">Then home the prize she straight did bring,</div> -<div class="verse">And they all allow’d he was just the thing.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">At twelve years old, I have been told,</div> -<div class="verse">The youth was sturdy, stout, and bold;</div> -<div class="verse">He learn’d to curse, to swear, and fight,</div> -<div class="verse">And everything but read and write.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">But when he came to man’s estate,</div> -<div class="verse">His mind it ran on something great,</div> -<div class="verse">A-thieving then he scorn’d to tramp;</div> -<div class="verse">So hir’d a pad and went on the scamp.</div> -<div class="verse">At clubs he all Flash Soup did sing.</div> -<div class="verse">And they all allow’d he was just the thing.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">His manual exercise gone through,</div> -<div class="verse">Of Bridewell, Pump, and Horse Pond too,</div> -<div class="verse">His back had often felt the smart</div> -<div class="verse">Of Tyburn strings at the tail of a cart.</div> -<div class="verse">He stood the patter, but that’s no matter,</div> -<div class="verse">He gammon’d the Twelve, and work’d on the water,</div> -<div class="verse">Then a pardon he got from his gracious King,</div> -<div class="verse">And swaggering Jack was just the thing.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Like a captain bold, well arm’d for war.</div> -<div class="verse">With bludgeon stout, or iron bar,</div> -<div class="verse">At heading a mob, he never did fail,</div> -<div class="verse">At burning a mass-house, or gutting a jail;</div> -<div class="verse">But a victim he fell to his country’s laws,</div> -<div class="verse">And died at last in religion’s cause.</div> -<div class="verse"><span class="smcap">No Popery!</span> made the blade to swing,</div> -<div class="verse">And when tuck’d up he was just the thing.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_54" id="Footnote_54"></a><a href="#FNanchor_54"><span class="label">[54]</span></a> Mr. George Clinch, in his -<cite>Marylebone and St. Pancras</cite>, -says that there is some reason -to think that a portion at -least of Capper’s farm still -remains. A large furniture -establishment at Nos. 195-198, -Tottenham Court Road, exhibits -on a wall in the rear -two tablets marking the -boundary of St. Pancras and -St. Giles-in-the-Fields, and -bearing eighteenth-century -dates. An old lease of the -property, Mr. Clinch adds, -contains a clause binding the -tenant to keep stabling for -forty head of cattle, and it -is known that the premises -were once used as a large -livery stable.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_55" id="Footnote_55"></a><a href="#FNanchor_55"><span class="label">[55]</span></a> Hanway Street now boasts -only one milliner, but has -several art and curiosity shops -of the kind Smith loved. The -“Blue Posts” (rebuilt) is -still at the corner of Hanway -Street. Mr. Joshua Sturges’ -book, published in 1800, was -on draughts, not chess. It -was entitled <cite>Guide to the Game -of Draughts</cite>, and was dedicated -by permission to the Prince -of Wales. It has an engraved -frontispiece, “Figure of the -Draught Table.”</p> - -<p>Sturges was probably not -buried, as Smith states, in the -Hampstead Road, but in St. -Pancras cemetery (see <cite>Notes -and Queries</cite>, Series II. x. 64). -Lovers of draughts may be -glad to have a copy of -his epitaph. It ran thus: -“<span class="smcap">Sacred to the Memory</span> of -<span class="smcap">Mr. Joshua Sturges</span>. Many -years a <span class="smcap">Respectable licensed -Victualler</span> in this Parish; -who departed this Life the -12th of August, 1813. Aged -55 years. He was esteemed -for the many excellent Qualities -he possessed, and his desire -to improve the Minds, as also -to benefit the Trade of his -Brother Victuallers. His -Genius was also eminently -displayed to create innocent -and rational amusement to -Mankind, in the Production -of his Treatise on the difficult -game of Draughts, which -Treatise received the Approbation -of his Prince, and many -other Distinguished Characters. -In private Life he was mild -and unassuming; in his public -capacity neither the love of -Interest or domestic ease, -could separate this faithful -Friend from the Society of -which he was a Member, in -the performance of Duties -which his Mind deemed Paramount -to all others. His -example was worthy of Imitation -in this World. May his -Virtues be rewarded in the -next. Peace to his Soul, and -respected be his Memory.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_56" id="Footnote_56"></a><a href="#FNanchor_56"><span class="label">[56]</span></a> Goodge Street (named -after a Marylebone property -owner) still retains some of -its original houses, but no -house whose ground floor has -not been converted into a shop. -Windmill Street, on the other -hand, is a quaint little street -of artificers in wood and metal, -instrument makers, etc., many -of its houses remaining in -their first state, with forecourts. -The rural traditions -of this street are supported -at No. 40 by a vine, bearing -bunches of unripened grapes -in August 1903. Colvill -Court is now called Colvill -Place, but it is essentially -a court. The name Gresse’s -Gardens (after the father of -Alexander Gresse the water-colour -painter) survives in -Gresse Street, a queer little -dusty, dusky byway, easy to -enter from Rathbone Place, -but difficult to quit at its -southern end by Tudor Place. -Here His Majesty’s mail vans -are stabled.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_57" id="Footnote_57"></a><a href="#FNanchor_57"><span class="label">[57]</span></a> This pond is plainly -marked also in Rocque’s -map of 1745. Considering -its interesting name, it has -obtained singularly little -mention by topographers.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_58" id="Footnote_58"></a><a href="#FNanchor_58"><span class="label">[58]</span></a> Whitefield built his chapel—in -1756, not 1754—on land -leased for seventy-one years -from General Fitzroy. He -opened it on November 7th -of the same year, preaching -a sermon from the text, “Other -foundation can no man lay -than that is laid, which is -Jesus Christ.” A house for -the minister and twelve almshouses -were added, and the -chapel enlarged. Whitefield -proposed to be buried in its -vaults, and told to his congregation, -“Messrs. John and -Charles Wesley shall also be -buried there. We will all lie -together.” All three were -buried elsewhere, but Mrs. -Whitefield was buried here: -her remains and those of all -other persons, except Augustus -Toplady, were removed to -Chingford cemetery when the -present building was begun. -A remarkable monument was -that to John Bacon, R.A., -the sculptor, with its impressive -inscription: “What I was as -an artist seemed to me of some -importance while I lived, but -what I really was, as a believer -in Jesus Christ, is the only -thing of importance to me -now.” After a serious fire -in 1857, the original brick -building was altered out of -knowledge, and was finally -demolished in 1889. For -some years an iron chapel and -an appeal for subscriptions -occupied the ground. In -1892 the present ornately -fronted chapel, inscribed -“Whitefield Memorial,” was -built. In 1903, the present -minister, the Reverend C. Silvester -Horne, received “recognition” -as the thirteenth -minister in succession to -Whitefield.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_59" id="Footnote_59"></a><a href="#FNanchor_59"><span class="label">[59]</span></a> More correctly, Crab and -Walnut Tree Field.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_60" id="Footnote_60"></a><a href="#FNanchor_60"><span class="label">[60]</span></a> Smith makes a slip in -locating the historic fight -between Broughton and Slack -in April 1750, at the “Adam -and Eve” tavern. It took -place in Broughton’s own -Amphitheatre near Adam and -Eve Court in the Oxford Road. -Smith correctly states the -position of this Amphitheatre -in his <cite>Antient Topography of -London</cite> (1810): “Broughton’s -Amphitheatre is still standing; -it is at the south-west corner -of Castle Street, Wells Street; -the lower part is a coal shed, -the upper a stage for timber.” -Its site is now occupied by -No. 62 Castle Street East, -close to Adam and Eve -Court.</p> - -<p>Here it was that the -founder of the modern prize-ring, -whose “Broughton -rules” were observed everywhere -until 1838, met disaster -in his fight with the plucky -Norwich butcher. The result -was his retirement from the -ring, and the loss by his backer, -the Duke of Cumberland, of -a bet of £10,000. In his -later years, Broughton lived -in Walcot Place, Lambeth, -where he died, aged 85. He -was buried in Lambeth Church. -A monument to him in the -West Walk of the Cloisters -of Westminster Abbey describes -him as “Yeoman of -the Guard”; and it is stated -in the <cite>Dictionary of National -Biography</cite> that a place among -the Yeomen was obtained for -him by the Duke of Cumberland. -In his <cite>Historical -Memorials of Westminster -Abbey</cite>, Dean Stanley says: -“After his name on the gravestone -is a space, which was to -have been filled up with the -words ‘Champion of England.’ -The Dean objected, and the -blank remains.” But the -blank does not remain. It -was filled in 1832 with the -names of Roger Monk, another -Yeoman of the Guard, and -his wife. It is worthy of -note, too, that the <em>earliest</em> -name on the tablet is that -of Broughton’s wife, Elizabeth, -who was actually buried -here.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_61" id="Footnote_61"></a><a href="#FNanchor_61"><span class="label">[61]</span></a> See note <a href="#Page_105">p. 105</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_62" id="Footnote_62"></a><a href="#FNanchor_62"><span class="label">[62]</span></a> Fischer had the further -distinction of being married to -a daughter of J. T. S., whose -other daughter married a Mr. -Smith, a sculptor.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_63" id="Footnote_63"></a><a href="#FNanchor_63"><span class="label">[63]</span></a> Gooseberry Fair followed -the suppressed Tottenham -Fair. Both were held in -and about the Adam and -Eve Tavern. Richard Yates -and Ned Shuter appeared together -at various London fairs.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_64" id="Footnote_64"></a><a href="#FNanchor_64"><span class="label">[64]</span></a> Charles Fleetwood threw -Drury Lane into confusion -both behind and before the -scenes, by his unpunctual payment -of salaries, and by -attempting to introduce -pantomimes against the wishes -of the old play-goers. This -led to noisy scenes in 1744, -in one of which Horace Walpole -stigmatised Fleetwood as “an -impudent rascal” from his -box, and was embarrassed -by the enthusiastic approval -of the audience.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_65" id="Footnote_65"></a><a href="#FNanchor_65"><span class="label">[65]</span></a> The exact site of the -famous Footsteps is not easily -determined. Dr. Rimbault -(<cite>Notes and Queries</cite>, February -2, 1850) says that it was -reputed to be “at the extreme -termination of the north-east -end of Upper Montague -Street.” It is placed a little -farther west by Robert Hill, -the water-colour painter, who -stated in a letter, quoted by -Mr. Wheatley in his <cite>London</cite>: -“I well remember the Brothers’ -Footsteps. They were near a -bank that divided two of the -fields between Montague House -and the New Road, and their -situation must have been, if -my recollection serves me, -what is now Torrington -Square.” Smith says the -Footsteps were “on the site -of Mr. Martin’s chapel, or -nearly so.” Mr. John Martin, -the Baptist minister, had the -chapel in Keppel Street. It -still exists. This brings the -Footsteps a few yards south, -but Smith’s indefiniteness -must be taken into account. -That these markings were -visible as late as 1800 is -proved by the following entry -in the Commonplace Book -of Joseph Moser: “June 16th, -1800. Went into the fields at -the back of Montague House, -and there saw, for the last -time, the Forty Footsteps: -the building materials are -there to cover them from -the sight of man.” The feeling -with which these curious -marks were regarded by educated -people may be judged -by a letter quoted in the -<cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite> of -December 1804, in which the -writer expresses his conviction -that “the Almighty has -ordered it as a standing monument -of his great displeasure -of the horrid sin of duelling,” -an opinion in which the poet -Southey concurred. In 1828, -Miss Jane Porter published -her novel, <cite>The Field of the -Forty Footsteps</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_66" id="Footnote_66"></a><a href="#FNanchor_66"><span class="label">[66]</span></a> Nearly a hundred years -later, a similar superstition -survived in London, and is thus -noted by Brand in his <cite>Popular -Antiquities</cite>: “In the <cite>Morning -Post</cite>, Monday, May 2nd, 1791, it -was mentioned ‘that yesterday, -being the first of May, according -to annual and superstitious -custom, a number of persons -went into the fields and -bathed their faces with the -dew on the grass, under the -idea that it would render them -beautiful.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_67" id="Footnote_67"></a><a href="#FNanchor_67"><span class="label">[67]</span></a> The occasion was a dinner -at Tom Davies’s in 1762. -“<span class="smcap">Boswell</span>: Does not Gray’s -poetry, sir, tower above the -common mark? <span class="smcap">Johnson</span>: -Yes, sir; but we must attend -to the difference between what -men in general cannot do if -they would, and what every -man may do if he would. -Sixteen-string Jack towered -above the common mark.” -Dr. William Bell, whom Rann -robbed, was Rector of Christ -Church, London, 1780-99, -and treasurer of St. Paul’s -Cathedral.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_68" id="Footnote_68"></a><a href="#FNanchor_68"><span class="label">[68]</span></a> Probably a mistake. These -nosegays were given to condemned -criminals on their way -to Tyburn by the St. Sepulchre -authorities. Rann was -one of the last to receive the -gift.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_69" id="Footnote_69"></a><a href="#FNanchor_69"><span class="label">[69]</span></a> Saunders Welch, the father -of Mrs. Nollekens, was educated -in Aylesbury workhouse, and -for many years was a grocer -in Museum Street, then Queen -Street. He succeeded Fielding -as a Justice of the Peace for -Westminster. Smith says in -his <cite>Nollekens</cite> that he met -many people who recollected -seeing him as High Constable -of Westminster, “dressed in -black, with a large, nine-storey -George the Second’s wig -highly powdered, with long -flowing curls over his shoulder, -a high three-cornered hat, and -his black baton tipped with -silver at either end, riding -on a white horse to Tyburn -with the malefactors.” A -long and warm friendship existed -between Saunders Welch -and Dr. Johnson. “Johnson, -who had an eager and unceasing -curiosity to know human -life in all its variety, told me -that he attended Mr. Welch -in his office for a whole winter, -to hear the examinations of -the culprits” (Boswell).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_70" id="Footnote_70"></a><a href="#FNanchor_70"><span class="label">[70]</span></a> To-day, High Street, -Marylebone, is perhaps the -most perfect High Street left -in London. Neither from its -north end in Marylebone Road -nor from Oxford Street does it -receive heavy traffic; its shops -exist for the fine streets and -squares around it, and it -offers them the best of most -things, from a tender chicken -to a county history.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_71" id="Footnote_71"></a><a href="#FNanchor_71"><span class="label">[71]</span></a> “In the year 1741, the -old church in which Hogarth -has introduced his “Rake at -the Altar with the Old Maid” -was taken down, and the -present one built on its site; -so that the writers who have -stated that the scene took -place in the present edifice -must acknowledge their error, -if they will take the trouble -to refer to Hogarth’s fifth -plate of the Rake’s Progress, -where they will find its publication -to have taken place -June 25, 1735.”—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_72" id="Footnote_72"></a><a href="#FNanchor_72"><span class="label">[72]</span></a> Probably Christopher Norton, -of the St. Martin’s Lane -Academy.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_73" id="Footnote_73"></a><a href="#FNanchor_73"><span class="label">[73]</span></a> Tradition reports that -from Elizabeth it came to the -Forsyths, and thence to the -Duke of Portland. In his -<cite>Marylebone and St. Pancras</cite>, -Mr. Clinch writes: “In -the year 1703 a large -school was established here -by Mr. De la Place. That -gentleman’s daughter married -the Rev. John Fountayne, -Rector of North Sidmouth, -in Wiltshire, and the latter -succeeded Mr. De la Place -in the school. The school is -said to have obtained a considerable -reputation among -the nobility and gentry, -whose sons there received an -educational training previously -to their removal to the universities.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_74" id="Footnote_74"></a><a href="#FNanchor_74"><span class="label">[74]</span></a> “Mr. Fountayne had one -son, afterwards Dean of York, -and three daughters, viz. Mrs. -Hargrave, Mrs. Jones, and -Mrs. Metz. Mrs. Hargrave was -lately living; she was the wife -of Counsellor Hargrave, and -was esteemed a great beauty. -Another daughter of Monsieur -De la Place married the Rev. -Mr. Dyer, brother to the -author of <cite>Grongar Hill</cite>, to -whose nephew, the late Mr. -Dyer, the printseller, I am -obliged for some parts of the -above information.”—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_75" id="Footnote_75"></a><a href="#FNanchor_75"><span class="label">[75]</span></a> Reproduced in Mr. Clinch’s -<cite>Marylebone and St. Pancras</cite> -(1890).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_76" id="Footnote_76"></a><a href="#FNanchor_76"><span class="label">[76]</span></a> Michael Angelo Rooker -(1743-1801), the water-colour -painter and engraver. “His -works are drawn with conscientious -accuracy, and show -a sweet pencil” (Redgrave). -He died March 3, 1801, in -Dean Street, Soho, and was -buried in the ground belonging -to St. Martin-in-the-Fields, in -the Kentish Town Road. Examples -of his work are hung -at South Kensington.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_77" id="Footnote_77"></a><a href="#FNanchor_77"><span class="label">[77]</span></a> The wonderful extra-illustrated copy presented to -the Museum by John Charles -Crowle, and valued at £5000.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_78" id="Footnote_78"></a><a href="#FNanchor_78"><span class="label">[78]</span></a> That is to say tiled.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_79" id="Footnote_79"></a><a href="#FNanchor_79"><span class="label">[79]</span></a> The Rev. John Fountayne -was more than “noticed” -by Handel; the two men -were intimate. A grandson of -Fountayne wrote in 1832: -“One evening as my grandfather -and Handel were walking -together and alone, a new piece -was struck up by the band. -‘Come, Mr. Fountayne,’ said -Handel, ‘let us sit down and -listen to this piece—I want -to know your opinion of it.’ -Down they sat, and after -some time the old parson, -turning to his companion, said, -‘It is not worth listening to—it’s -very poor stuff.’ ‘You -are right, Mr. F.,’ said Handel, -‘it is very poor stuff—I thought -so myself when I had finished it.’ -The old gentleman, being taken -by surprise, was beginning -to apologise; but Handel -assured him there was no -necessity; that the music was -really bad, having been composed -hastily, and his time -for the production limited; -and that the opinion given -was as correct as it was -honest” (Hone’s <cite>Year Book</cite>). -“Clarke” was doubtless Dr. -Adam Clarke, the Wesleyan, -who died in Bayswater in -1832, and was well known for -his bibliographical and theological -works.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_80" id="Footnote_80"></a><a href="#FNanchor_80"><span class="label">[80]</span></a> Lady Harrington might -well lend her jewels, since -she often borrowed. Horace -Walpole tells how, at the -Coronation of George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, she -appeared “covered with all -the diamonds she could borrow, -hire, or seize, with the air of -Roxana, the finest figure at a -distance.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_81" id="Footnote_81"></a><a href="#FNanchor_81"><span class="label">[81]</span></a> The great actress. She -played Violante to Garrick’s -Don Felix in the actor’s last -appearance.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_82" id="Footnote_82"></a><a href="#FNanchor_82"><span class="label">[82]</span></a> In his <cite>Memoirs</cite>, the Rev. -John Trusler, who was educated -at Dr. Fountayne’s school, does -not spare Mrs. Fountayne’s -tuft-hunting tendencies. In -one instance she was covered -with ridicule through the action -of a Soho pastry-cook named -Jenkins, who, wishing his son -to enter the school, arranged -that he should do so under -the name of the Prince De -Chimmay. When Mrs. Fountayne -discovered that his father -made tarts a mile from the -school door, “she had the -laugh so much against her, -that she could not show her -face for months.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_83" id="Footnote_83"></a><a href="#FNanchor_83"><span class="label">[83]</span></a> The Royal College of -Physicians, then housed in -Warwick Lane.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_84" id="Footnote_84"></a><a href="#FNanchor_84"><span class="label">[84]</span></a> Norfolk Street was the -northern continuation of Newman -Street; it is now merged -in Cleveland Street.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_85" id="Footnote_85"></a><a href="#FNanchor_85"><span class="label">[85]</span></a> John Baptist Locatelli, a -native of Verona, had his -studio in Union Street, Tottenham -Court Road, from 1776. -He was befriended by Horace -Walpole, with whom he quarrelled -bitterly over a group -representing Theseus offering -assistance to Hercules. Walpole -refused to take this work, -although he had already paid -the sculptor £350 on account, -and was probably justified, -since Nollekens said the -group looked “like the dry -skins of two brickmakers -stuffed with clotted flocks -from an old mattress.” Locatelli worked also for the -brothers Adam, and he superintended -the carving of the -basso-relievos put up by -Nollekens on the outside of -the Sessions House, Clerkenwell -Green. In 1796 he left -England for Milan, where -Buonaparte employed him and -granted him a pension. (See -Smith’s <cite>Life of Nollekens</cite>, 1829, -pp. 119-123, and Thornbury’s -<cite>British Artists</cite>, vol. ii. pp. -9-16).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_86" id="Footnote_86"></a><a href="#FNanchor_86"><span class="label">[86]</span></a> Wilson, upon whom a note -has been given under the -year 1766, lived at No. 36 Charlotte -Street, Fitzroy Square, -within a few minutes’ walk -of this group of elms. He was -accustomed of a fine evening, -says Redgrave, to throw open -his window and invite his -friends to enjoy with him -the glowing sunset behind the -Hampstead and Highgate -hills. Fitzroy Square was -not begun until 1790-94. -To-day the miles between -Charlotte Street and these -northern heights are filled by -streets. Nevertheless, Hampstead -church can still be seen -from Charlotte Street, piercing -the northern distance, and, but -for the slight deflection of -Rathbone Place, it would be -visible from Oxford Street. -John Constable afterwards -lived in the same street. The -elms under which Wilson and -Baretti walked must have -had their roots in the ground -on which the east side of -Cleveland Street is built.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_87" id="Footnote_87"></a><a href="#FNanchor_87"><span class="label">[87]</span></a> It is difficult to form an -idea of this instrument. It -was beaten with a rolling-pin, -and appears to have been used -as a drum in such a way -(according to the manner in -which it was struck) as to -produce something like notes. -This is indicated in Bonnell -Thornton’s burlesque, <cite>Ode to -St. Cecilia’s Day</cite>, in which -occur the well-known lines -which amused Dr. Johnson:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“In strains more exalted the salt-box shall join,</div> -<div class="verse">And clattering and battering and clapping combine;</div> -<div class="verse">With a rap and a tap while the hollow side sounds.</div> -<div class="verse">Up and down leaps the flap, and with rattling rebounds.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The character of the neighbourhood -round the “Farthing -Pie House” (Portland Road -Station) in Smith’s boyhood, -may be judged by Smith’s -statement in his <cite>Vagabondiana</cite>, -that “when the sites of Portland -Place, Devonshire Street, -etc., were fields, the famous -Tommy Lowe, then a singer -at Mary-le-bone Gardens, -raised a subscription, to enable -an unfortunate man to run a -small chariot, drawn by four -muzzled mastiffs, from a pond -near Portland Chapel, called -Cockney Ladle, which supplied -Mary-le-bone Bason with -water, to the ‘Farthing Pie -House’ … in order to -accommodate children with a -ride for a halfpenny.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_88" id="Footnote_88"></a><a href="#FNanchor_88"><span class="label">[88]</span></a> By Queen Anne Street -Smith means the street which -has borne the successive -names of Little Queen Anne -Street, Queen Anne Street -East, Foley Place, and (now) -Langham Street. The present -Queen Anne Street is on the -<em>west</em> side of Portland Place; -it was originally Great Queen -Anne Street, then Queen Anne -Street West. A curious interest -attaches to these streets, -neither of which runs, as it -seems destined to do, into -Portland Place. Thus:—</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/map.jpg" width="400" height="165" alt="Map illustrating the streets described above." /> -</div> - -<p>Their failure to run directly -into Portland Place (see dotted -lines) is a relic of Foley House -which occupied the site of the -Langham Hotel, and interposed -its gardens where these -streets would have joined. It -was afterwards intended to -build a Queen Anne Square -at the foot of Great Portland -Street, but this project fell -through.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_89" id="Footnote_89"></a><a href="#FNanchor_89"><span class="label">[89]</span></a> There were many ponds in -the fields on which the streets -of St. Pancras and Marylebone -are built. In an early view of -Whitefield’s Tabernacle, a pond -is delineated on a spot now -covered, as nearly as may be -judged, by Torrington Square. -Farther west, on the site of -Duke Street, Portland Place, -was the Cockney Ladle, in -which small boys bathed at -the risk of having their clothes -seized by the parish beadles. -Close by this—on the site of -the backs of the east side of -Harley Street—was the Marylebone -Basin, a dangerously -deep water. Many drownings -occurred in ponds of which -no trace or memory remains. -Thus, the <cite>St. James’s Chronicle</cite> -of August 8, 1769, says: -“Two young chairmen [<i>i.e.</i> -carriers of sedan chairs] were -unfortunately drowned on -Friday Evening last, in a -Pond behind the North-Side -of Portman-Square. They -had been beating a Carpet in -the Square, and being thereby -warm and dirty agreed to bathe -in the above Pond, not being -aware of its great Depth. The -Man who first went in could -swim, and while he was -swimming his Companion -went in, but being presently -out of his Depth he sunk. -The Swimmer immediately -made to the Place to save his -Companion; but he, coming -up again under the Swimmer, -laid fast hold of him, and -they both sunk down together -and were drowned.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_90" id="Footnote_90"></a><a href="#FNanchor_90"><span class="label">[90]</span></a> “On Friday last, Mr. -Carlile, a Quaker of about -17 years of age, had the misfortune -to fall into Marylebone-Bason, -and was drowned” -(<cite>Daily Advertiser</cite>, June 18, -1744).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_91" id="Footnote_91"></a><a href="#FNanchor_91"><span class="label">[91]</span></a> And from their contiguity -to a French Protestant chapel, -founded in 1756.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_92" id="Footnote_92"></a><a href="#FNanchor_92"><span class="label">[92]</span></a> The difficulty of writing recent -history is exemplified by -Smith in his account of Marylebone -Gardens, which is far -excelled by Mr. Warwick -Wroth’s chapter on Marylebone -Gardens in his <cite>London -Pleasure Gardens of the -Eighteenth Century</cite> (1896). -Fully to annotate Smith’s -chronology of these gardens -would require many pages, -and the result would be unsatisfactory. -I shall therefore -deal with only the more -prominent names he mentions.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_93" id="Footnote_93"></a><a href="#FNanchor_93"><span class="label">[93]</span></a> May 7, 1668.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_94" id="Footnote_94"></a><a href="#FNanchor_94"><span class="label">[94]</span></a> M. Wroth says: “In 1691 -the place was known as Long’s -Bowling Green at the Rose, -and for several years (<i lang="la">circ.</i> -1679-1736) persons of quality -might have been seen bowling -there during the summer-time.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">‘At the Groom Porters battered bullies play;</div> -<div class="verse">Some Dukes at Marybone bowl time away.’”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>These lines, often erroneously -attributed to Lady Mary -Wortley Montague, occur in -Pope’s <cite>The Basset-table, an -Eclogue</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_95" id="Footnote_95"></a><a href="#FNanchor_95"><span class="label">[95]</span></a> Rockhoult, or Rockholt -House, was at Leyton, in -Essex, and was “for a short -period an auxiliary place of -amusement for the Summer -to the established Theatres” -(<cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>, July -1814). It was opened about -1742, and was apparently -regarded as “the place to -spend a happy day.” A ballad -to “Delia” exclaimed—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Delia, in whose form we trace</div> -<div class="verse">All that can a virgin grace,</div> -<div class="verse">Hark where pleasure, blithe as May,</div> -<div class="verse">Bids us to Rockholt haste away.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_96" id="Footnote_96"></a><a href="#FNanchor_96"><span class="label">[96]</span></a> “The principal shareholder -and manager of Ranelagh at -this date was Sir Thomas -Robinson, Bart., M.P., whose -gigantic form was for many -years familiar to frequenters -of the Rotunda; a writer of -1774 calls him its Maypole, -and Garland of Delights. -Robinson lived at Prospect -Place, adjoining the gardens.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_97" id="Footnote_97"></a><a href="#FNanchor_97"><span class="label">[97]</span></a> The New Wells belonged -to the Islington group of -pleasure gardens, and stood -on ground now occupied by -Lower Rosomon Street, Clerkenwell. -It flourished 1737-50, -and numbered a collection -of rattlesnakes among its attractions.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_98" id="Footnote_98"></a><a href="#FNanchor_98"><span class="label">[98]</span></a> Cuper’s Gardens, a great -resort. The Feathers Tavern -at the end of Waterloo Bridge -is the successor of the tavern -originally in the gardens, the -site of which is traversed by -the Waterloo Road. They -were closed in 1759, after -which Dr. Johnson, passing -them in a coach with Langton, -Beauclerk, and Lady Sydney -Beauclerk (mother of his -friend), jokingly proposed, to -Lady Sydney’s horror, that -they should lease them: “She -had no notion of a joke, sir; -she had come late into life, -and had a mighty unpliable -understanding.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_99" id="Footnote_99"></a><a href="#FNanchor_99"><span class="label">[99]</span></a> Advertised as “the Pariton, -an instrument never played in -publick before.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_100" id="Footnote_100"></a><a href="#FNanchor_100"><span class="label">[100]</span></a> Mary Ann Falkner was -a niece of George Falkner, -the Dublin printer, whom -Foote caricatured on the stage. -She appeared at Marylebone -from 1747 to about 1752, -giving such songs as “Amoret -and Phyllis,” “The Happy -Couple,” and “The Faithful -Lover.” Much sought after, -she remained faithful to her -husband, a linen draper named -Donaldson, until his conduct -threw her under the protection -of the second Earl of -Halifax.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_101" id="Footnote_101"></a><a href="#FNanchor_101"><span class="label">[101]</span></a> M. Wroth says, on good -evidence, that Trusler became -proprietor only in 1756.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_102" id="Footnote_102"></a><a href="#FNanchor_102"><span class="label">[102]</span></a> The career of young John -Trusler, afterwards the Rev. -Dr. Trusler, is interesting. -Without a collegiate training, -he took Holy Orders, and -officiated as a curate in London. -His eye for business revealed -to him the possibilities of -sermon-mongering, and he was -soon making a respectable -income by supplying clergymen -all over the country with -sermons in script characters. -His operations became something -of a scandal, and Cowper -scourged him in “The Task”—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“He grinds divinity of other days</div> -<div class="verse">Down into modern use, transforms old print</div> -<div class="verse">To zigzag manuscript, and cheats the eyes</div> -<div class="verse">Of gallery critics by a thousand arts.</div> -<div class="verse">Are there who purchase of the doctor’s ware?</div> -<div class="verse">Oh, name it not in Gath! It cannot be</div> -<div class="verse">That grave and learned clerks should need such aid.</div> -<div class="verse">He doubtless is in sport, and does but droll,</div> -<div class="verse">Assuming thus a rank unknown before—</div> -<div class="verse">Grand caterer and dry-nurse of the Church!”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Trusler also issued the morning -and evening services so printed -and punctuated as to indicate -to incompetent readers how -they should be delivered. -Cowper writes—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“He teaches those to read, whom schools dismiss’d,</div> -<div class="verse">And colleges, untaught; sells accent, tone,</div> -<div class="verse">And emphasis in score, and gives to prayer</div> -<div class="verse">The <i lang="it">adagio</i> and <i lang="it">andante</i> it demands.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Prospering at this business, -Trusler set up a publishing -establishment in Wardour -Street, from which he issued -manuals of all kinds, including -his most respectable work, -<cite>Hogarth Moralised</cite>, in which -Mrs. Hogarth became a partner -and collaborator. At the age -of 85 he died in his villa at -Englefield Green, Middlesex.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_103" id="Footnote_103"></a><a href="#FNanchor_103"><span class="label">[103]</span></a> Miss Trusler’s seed and -plum cakes were famous. In -a judgment on Mrs. Cornelys for -keeping an objectionable house, -Sir John Fielding sagely remarked -that her Soho assemblies -were unnecessary, having -regard to the many attractions -elsewhere, such as “Ranelagh -with its music and fireworks, -and Marylebone Gardens, with -music, wine, and plum-cake.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_104" id="Footnote_104"></a><a href="#FNanchor_104"><span class="label">[104]</span></a> The arrival of three -Cherokee Indian chiefs in the -spring of 1762 roused the -liveliest interest in London. -These braves came over in -token of friendship after the -ratification of a treaty of -peace at Charlestown, South -Carolina. They were well-made -men, six feet in -height, and were dressed, -says the <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite> -(May 1762), “in their own -country habit with only a -shirt, trousers, and mantle -round them; their faces are -painted of a copper colour, -and their heads adorned with -shells, feathers, ear-rings, and -other trifling ornaments. They -neither of them can speak -to be understood, and very -unfortunately lost their interpreter -in their passage. A -house is taken for them in -Suffolk Street, and cloaths -have been given them in the -English fashion.” Among the -thousands of Londoners who -went to see the “Cherokee -Kings” was Oliver Goldsmith.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_105" id="Footnote_105"></a><a href="#FNanchor_105"><span class="label">[105]</span></a> By an indenture dated -August 30, 1763. This document, -which Smith’s namesake -Thomas Smith quoted in his -<cite>History of the Parish of Marylebone</cite>, -shows that the Gardens -were attached to the Rose -Tavern, and that they contained -walks, statuary, boxes, -benches, and musical appliances -and books. Lowe’s lease was -for fourteen years at the annual -rent of £170.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_106" id="Footnote_106"></a><a href="#FNanchor_106"><span class="label">[106]</span></a> Not the well-known Stephen -Storace (who was born only -in this year), but his father, -a Neapolitan, described by -George Hogarth as “a good -performer on the double bass -in the band of the Opera -House.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_107" id="Footnote_107"></a><a href="#FNanchor_107"><span class="label">[107]</span></a> Nan Catley won hearts -by her breezy manner and air -of camaraderie. Hers “was -the singing of unequalled -animal spirits; it was Mrs. -Jordan’s comedy carried into -music.… She was bold, -volatile, audacious” (Boaden: -<cite>Life of Mrs. Siddons</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_108" id="Footnote_108"></a><a href="#FNanchor_108"><span class="label">[108]</span></a> Long before this, Dick -Turpin had appeared in the -Garden itself, and had surprised -Mrs. Fountayne, the -wife of the Marylebone schoolmaster, -with a kiss. He impudently -remarked, “Be not -alarmed, madam; you can -now boast that you have -been kissed by Dick Turpin. -Good-morning!”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_109" id="Footnote_109"></a><a href="#FNanchor_109"><span class="label">[109]</span></a> Lowe was now glad to -obtain singing engagements at -Sadler’s Wells and other tea-gardens. -His career from -riches to poverty is illustrated -in the story, told by John -Taylor in his <cite>Records of My -Life</cite>, that, soon after becoming -master of Marylebone Gardens, -he was seen riding thither -in his chariot with a large -iron trunk behind it, which -he explained he had purchased -“to place the profits of the -Gardens in.” Taylor adds -that he had last seen Lowe -in a lane near Aldersgate -Street, coming out of a butcher’s -shop, with some meat in a -checked handkerchief.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_110" id="Footnote_110"></a><a href="#FNanchor_110"><span class="label">[110]</span></a> An editorial note in the -third edition of the <cite>Rainy -Day</cite> suggests that this name -was made popular by Prior’s -“Chloe.” This seems probable, -for Prior gave all the vogue -of an ideal to this woman, -who, in real life, was the wife -of a coachman in Long Acre, -and was described by Johnson -as “a despicable drab of the -lowest species.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_111" id="Footnote_111"></a><a href="#FNanchor_111"><span class="label">[111]</span></a> See note on Weston, <a href="#Page_208">p. 208</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_112" id="Footnote_112"></a><a href="#FNanchor_112"><span class="label">[112]</span></a> Charles Bannister, the -vocalist and actor, father of -the more famous John Bannister.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_113" id="Footnote_113"></a><a href="#FNanchor_113"><span class="label">[113]</span></a> Signor Giovanni Battista -Pergolesi, born near Ancona -in the first decade of the -eighteenth century, composed -numerous operas and oratorios. -Of the former his -<cite>La Serva Padrona</cite> was revived -in London as late as 1873.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_114" id="Footnote_114"></a><a href="#FNanchor_114"><span class="label">[114]</span></a> Felix Giardini, a Piedmontese -musician, came to -England in 1750, and met with -encouragement. He died in -Russia in 1793. After hearing -him play at Bath, Gainsborough -bought his viol-di-gamba, -but was soon disgusted -to find that the music remained -with the Italian. Horace -Walpole was not enthusiastic -about Giardini as a composer, -and advised Mason to employ -Handel to set his <cite>Sappho</cite>. -“Your Act is classical Athenian; -shall it be subdi-di-di-vi-vi-vi-ded -into modern -Italian?”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_115" id="Footnote_115"></a><a href="#FNanchor_115"><span class="label">[115]</span></a> Dr. Arnold’s appearance -at Bow Street was in respect -of a rocket-stick which had -descended in the sacrosanct -garden of Mrs. Fountayne.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_116" id="Footnote_116"></a><a href="#FNanchor_116"><span class="label">[116]</span></a> “To James Winston, Esq. -[secretary to the Garrick Club, -and several times mentioned -in the diary of John Payne -Collier], I am obliged for the -above notices; indeed, to that -gentleman’s disinterested indulgence I am also indebted -for many other curious particulars -introduced in this work, -selected from his most extensive -and valuable library of English -Theatrical Biography, both in -manuscript and in print, a collection -formed by himself during -the last thirty years.”—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_117" id="Footnote_117"></a><a href="#FNanchor_117"><span class="label">[117]</span></a> “Torré was a printseller in -partnership with the late Mr. -Thane, and lived in Market -Lane, Haymarket.”—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_118" id="Footnote_118"></a><a href="#FNanchor_118"><span class="label">[118]</span></a> Dr. William Kenrick, the -rampageous critic and playwright. -His comedy <cite>The -Duellist</cite> is his best-remembered -work. In July 1774 he -began a course of lectures -in the “Theatre for Burlettas” -at Marylebone Gardens, -which he termed “a School -of Shakespeare,” an entertainment -which he also gave at -the Devil Tavern in Fleet -Street. Kenrick attacked -Dr. Johnson’s Shakespeare. -On Goldsmith saying that he -had never heard of Kenrick’s -writings, the doctor replied: -“Sir, he is one of the many -who have made themselves -public, without making themselves -known.”</p> - -<p>It is curious that Smith -omits to mention Dr. Johnson’s -rampageous visit to the -Gardens to see Torré’s fireworks, -with his friend George -Steevens, the Shakesperian -commentator. It may have -taken place in this year, 1774.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_119" id="Footnote_119"></a><a href="#FNanchor_119"><span class="label">[119]</span></a> Robert Baddeley began -his connection with the stage -as cook to Foote. He was -the original Moses in the -<cite>School for Scandal</cite>. It was -he who bequeathed £100 to -provide the cake and wine -which actors and journalists -still consume on Twelfth -Night. He is stated by Dr. -Doran to have been the last -actor to wear the royal livery -of scarlet, which, as “His -Majesty’s Servants,” the -Drury Lane players were entitled -to assume.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_120" id="Footnote_120"></a><a href="#FNanchor_120"><span class="label">[120]</span></a> A posthumous son of -Henry Carey, author of “Sally -in our Alley.” “Saville Carey -I have heard sometimes touch -Nan Catley’s manner feebly -in the famous triumph of her -hilarity, ‘Push about the -Jorum’” (Boaden: <cite>Life of -Mrs. Siddons</cite>). His worthless -daughter, Nance Carey, bore -to one Kean, a tailor, or a -builder, a child whom she -neglected and abandoned. -This boy became Edmund -Kean, the great actor -(Doran’s <cite>Their Majestys’ -Servants</cite>, vol. ii. pp. 523-26).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_121" id="Footnote_121"></a><a href="#FNanchor_121"><span class="label">[121]</span></a> These initials thinly disguise -such well-known entertainers -as Garrick, Bannister, -Mrs. Baddeley, and the singers -Mr. Darley, Mr. Vernon, and -Nan Catley, all of whom were -imitated by the versatile -Carey.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_122" id="Footnote_122"></a><a href="#FNanchor_122"><span class="label">[122]</span></a> As Abel Drugger, one of -his finest parts.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_123" id="Footnote_123"></a><a href="#FNanchor_123"><span class="label">[123]</span></a> The “Forge of Vulcan” was -Signor Torré’s masterpiece; -in it appeared Venus and -Cupid in dialogue, in more or -less relevant circumstances of -flame and lava.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_124" id="Footnote_124"></a><a href="#FNanchor_124"><span class="label">[124]</span></a> Fantoccino, the Italian -puppet-entertainment, was -introduced to France by an -Italian named Marion (hence -“marionettes”), and then into -England. The great London -Fantoi show of the eighteenth -century was Flockton’s.</p> - -<p>Breslaw, the conjurer, began -his London appearances in -1772, in Cockspur Street. In -1774 he gave his entertainment -on alternate days here and -at the “King’s Arms” opposite -the Royal Exchange. It -is told of him while performing -at Canterbury, he promised -the Mayor that if the duration -of his licence were extended -he would give one night’s -receipts to the poor. The -Mayor agreed, and the conjurer -had a full house. Hearing -nothing further of the -money, the Mayor called on -Breslaw to inquire. The following -dialogue ensued.</p> - -<p>“Mr. Mayor, I have distributed -the money myself.”</p> - -<p>“Pray, sir, to whom?”</p> - -<p>“To my own company, than -whom none can be poorer.”</p> - -<p>“This is a trick!”</p> - -<p>“Sir, we live by tricks.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_125" id="Footnote_125"></a><a href="#FNanchor_125"><span class="label">[125]</span></a> Baggio Rebecca, decorative -painter, died in 1808. Of -his election as Associate of -the Royal Academy in 1771, -Leslie says: “Academic advancement -was rapid in those -days. Every man who displayed -the least ability was -certain of election.” Rebecca -had a small share in decorating -the Royal Academy lecture-room -at Somerset House.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_126" id="Footnote_126"></a><a href="#FNanchor_126"><span class="label">[126]</span></a> Most of these localities -have ceased to be the resort -of bird-fanciers. To-day the -chief London quarters for -song-birds are St. Giles’s, -Leadenhall Market, and, above -all, Sclater Street in Spitalfields, -known as “Club Row.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_127" id="Footnote_127"></a><a href="#FNanchor_127"><span class="label">[127]</span></a> The sights in this famous -cockpit are recorded by -Hogarth in his print of 1759, -and by Rowlandson in Ackermann’s -<cite>Microcosm of London</cite> -(1808).</p> - -<p>Bainbridge Street survives -as a narrow lane behind New -Oxford Street, leading from -Dyott Street to the back -of Meux’s brewery.</p> - -<p>At the beginning of the -eighteenth century the cockpit -behind Gray’s Inn (its -exact locality is not easily -discovered), enjoyed “the -only vogue” (Hatton). Mr. -William B. Boulton (<cite>The -Amusements of Old London</cite>, -1901) quotes a description -of it by Von Uffenbach, a -German traveller, who says -it was specially built for the -sport.</p> - -<p>Pickled-Egg Walk, afterwards -Crawford’s Passage (now -Crawford Passage, Ray Street, -Clerkenwell), was named after -the proprietor of the Pickled-Egg -Tavern, who brought from -the West of England a recipe -for pickled eggs and supplied -this novel cate to his customers. -Pink mentions a tradition that -Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span> once paused here -in a suburban journey and -ate a pickled egg. The mains -fought at the cockpit here -were regularly advertised in -the newspapers.</p> - -<p>Charles Hughes and Charles -Dibdin, the song-writer, opened -the “Royal Circus and Equestrian -Philharmonic Academy” -in 1782.</p> - -<p>Cock-fighting was made -illegal in 1849, but a statement -in <cite>Cocking and its Votaries</cite> -(1895), by S. A. T. (for -private circulation), makes it -quite manifest that “not a -few wealthy men in England -still follow up this sport, -stealthily but with much zeal—a -fact that is as discreditable -to the guardians of the law -as it is to themselves.” I -quote Mr. J. Charles Cox in -his admirable edition of Strutt’s -<cite>Sports and Pastimes</cite> (1903).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_128" id="Footnote_128"></a><a href="#FNanchor_128"><span class="label">[128]</span></a> Behind this formal entry -lies the most affecting farewell -scene ever enacted on a London -stage. The doors of Drury -Lane Theatre were opened -at “half after five” on that -evening of June 10, 1776, -and the profits of the performance -were announced to be -given to the Theatrical Fund. -It was but the last of a series -of farewell nights in which -Garrick had played his great -parts for the last time to -densely crowded houses. As -Mr. Percy Fitzgerald says: -“Other actors retire in one -night, Garrick’s departure -filled a whole season and only -culminated on this last night.” -“Last night,” he wrote, “I -played Abel Drugger for the -last time. I thought the -audience were cracked, and -they almost turned my brain.”</p> - -<p>On June 5, King George and -his Queen attended to see -Garrick’s last “Richard.” Distinguished -people were turned -nightly from the doors, and -many became almost frantic -to think that they must see -Garrick now or never again. -Hannah More wrote: “I pity -those who have not seen him. -Posterity will never be able -to form the slightest idea -of his perfections.… I have -seen him within three weeks -take leave of Benedick, Sir -John Brute, Kitely, Abel Drugger, -Archer, and Leon.”</p> - -<p>On the last night, of all, -Garrick played Don Felix in -Mrs. Centilivre’s comedy, which -he chose, perhaps, as a foil -to the tragedy of his farewell. -In his Life of the actor Mr. -Fitzgerald thus describes the -supreme moment: “He retired -slowly—up—up the stage, -his eyes fixed on them with -a lingering longing. Then -stopped. The shouts of applause -from that brilliant -amphitheatre were broken -by sobs and tears. To his -ears were borne from many -quarters the word ‘Farewell! -Farewell!’ Mrs. Garrick -was in her box, in an -agony of hysterical tears. The -wonderful eyes, still brilliant, -were turned wistfully again -and again to that sea of -sympathetic faces, one of the -most brilliant audiences perhaps -that ever sat in Drury Lane; -and at last, with an effort, he -tore himself from their view.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_129" id="Footnote_129"></a><a href="#FNanchor_129"><span class="label">[129]</span></a> Garrick’s last season at -Drury Lane was Mrs. Siddons’ -first. She was but twenty-one -years of age, and made no -striking success, though “her -type was enlarged in the bill” -(Boadley).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_130" id="Footnote_130"></a><a href="#FNanchor_130"><span class="label">[130]</span></a> A single short fall of lace -from the hat has been far -from unfashionable in recent -years. Fans were carried -later than 1776. A print of -two ladies in outdoor costume -in the <cite>Gallery of Fashion</cite>, published -in May 1796, is reproduced -by Fairholt, who remarks: -“Both ladies carry the then -indispensable article—a fan.” -Indeed, the fashion-plates of -the eighteenth century disclose -hardly any period in which -fans were not carried out of -doors.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_131" id="Footnote_131"></a><a href="#FNanchor_131"><span class="label">[131]</span></a> Norton Street is now Bolsover -Street, running south -from near Portland Road -Station, parallel east of Great -Portland Street. In the -eighteenth century it had -considerable pretensions. From -it Sir William Chambers’s -funeral proceeded to the Abbey -in March 1796. Wilson, Turner, -and Wilkie all painted -here. It is now a dull macadamised -street in whose -houses upholstering, steel-cutting, -etc., are carried on.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_132" id="Footnote_132"></a><a href="#FNanchor_132"><span class="label">[132]</span></a> Smith erroneously notes -that “this house, subsequently -inhabited by the Duchess of -Bolton, Sir John Nicholl, Sir -Vicary Gibbs, and by Sir -Charles Flower, Bart., has been -recently pulled down, and -several houses built upon the -site.” The premises remain to -this day, but they form several -houses. As early as 1776 -Northouck noted that Baltimore -House was “either built -without a plan, or else has -had very whimsical owners; -for the door has been shifted -to different parts of the house, -being now carried into the -stable-yard.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_133" id="Footnote_133"></a><a href="#FNanchor_133"><span class="label">[133]</span></a> The map engraved for -Northouck’s <cite>History of London -in 1772</cite> shows that Smith -was justified in these statements. -The unexpected break -in the houses which still -occurs on the south side of -Guilford Street is a relic -of the desire to leave this -square open to Highgate. -This intention was defeated -when the north side of -Guilford Street was built. -Thenceforward the north-westward -growth of London was -rapid, and by 1845 rurality -had been pushed up to Chalk -Farm by advancing brick and -mortar.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_134" id="Footnote_134"></a><a href="#FNanchor_134"><span class="label">[134]</span></a> This Italian painter exhibited -portraits and water -colours at the Royal Academy -from 1774 to 1778. He painted -the principal ceiling at the old -East India House.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_135" id="Footnote_135"></a><a href="#FNanchor_135"><span class="label">[135]</span></a> This painting is said to -represent Mary, and her son -James (afterwards James <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> -of England) as a boy four -years of age. Doubts have -been thrown on its history. -(See <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>, -vols. xlviii. and xlix.)</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_136" id="Footnote_136"></a><a href="#FNanchor_136"><span class="label">[136]</span></a> A fortune-teller by tea-leaves, the leaves being -“grouted” or turned over in -the cup.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_137" id="Footnote_137"></a><a href="#FNanchor_137"><span class="label">[137]</span></a> At this time Charles -Towneley (1737-1805) was -living at No. 7 Park Street -(now, with Queen Anne’s -Square, named Queen Anne’s -Gate), where he entertained, -among others, Sir Joshua -Reynolds, Nollekens, and -Johann Zoffany. The Townley -collection of Greek and -Roman statues, altars, urns, -busts, etc., now in the British -Museum, was freely shown to -the public in Park Street.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_138" id="Footnote_138"></a><a href="#FNanchor_138"><span class="label">[138]</span></a> It was from Mr. Tunnard’s -house, on Bankside, that -Smith etched the river procession -which brought Nelson’s -body to Whitehall, mentioned -in Smith’s note, <a href="#Page_182">p. 182</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_139" id="Footnote_139"></a><a href="#FNanchor_139"><span class="label">[139]</span></a> The manager, and afterwards -part proprietor, of -Thrale’s brewery. He hung a -fine mezzotint portrait of -Johnson in the counting-house, -and when Mrs. Thrale, in Johnson’s -presence, asked him why -he had done so, he replied, -“Because, madam, I wish to -have one wise man there.” -“Sir,” said Johnson, “I thank -you. It is a very handsome -compliment, and I believe you -speak sincerely.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_140" id="Footnote_140"></a><a href="#FNanchor_140"><span class="label">[140]</span></a> The Rev. James Beresford -became Rector of Kibworth -Beauchamp, Lincoln, in 1812. -He died in 1840.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_141" id="Footnote_141"></a><a href="#FNanchor_141"><span class="label">[141]</span></a> Elizabeth Carter, of “Epictetus” -fame, the friend of Dr. -Johnson. See note, <a href="#Page_231">p. 231</a>.</p> - -<p>Anna Letitia Barbauld, -the well-known miscellaneous -writer, whose poem “Life! -I know not what thou art” -is her one imperishable composition.</p> - -<p>Angelica Kauffman, the -painter (1741-1807). See -Smith’s account of her under -the year 1807.</p> - -<p>Mrs. Sheridan was the beautiful, -clever, and faithful wife -of Richard Brinsley Sheridan, -whom she assisted in the -management of Drury Lane -Theatre.</p> - -<p>Charlotte Lenox, born in -New York, 1720, was the -author of <cite>The Life of Harriot -Stuart</cite>, in which she portrayed -her own youth. She found -interest in high quarters, and -was given apartments in -Somerset House, which, however, -she lost when that building -was demolished. Dr. -Johnson insisted on his friends -sitting up all night at the Devil -Tavern to celebrate Mrs. -Lenox’s “first literary child” -(<cite>Harriot Stuart</cite>), an immense -apple pie being part of the -entertainment. In the morning -the waiters were so sleepy -that the party had to wait -two hours for their reckoning.</p> - -<p>Mrs. Montague, the original -“blue stocking,” had little -womanly taste, but her mind -was well stored and active; -she lived in an atmosphere of -English and foreign talent, -and her assemblies at Montague -House, in Portman Square, are -historical. Dr. Johnson was -severe on her <cite>Essay on the -Writings and Genius of Shakespeare</cite>, -remarking: “Reynolds -is fond of her book, and -I wonder at it; for neither I -nor Beauclerk nor Mrs. Thrale -could get through it.”</p> - -<p>Hannah More had appeared -in the London literary firmament -in 1774; her tragedy -<cite>Percy</cite> had just been given by -Garrick, and her star was in -brightest ascension.</p> - -<p>Such was the fame of Mrs. -Catherine Macaulay, author of -a forgotten <cite>History of England</cite>, -that Dr. Wilson, Rector of St. -Stephen’s, Walbrook, erected -a statue to her in the -chancel of that church during -her lifetime. It was very -properly removed by his -successor.</p> - -<p>Mrs. Elizabeth Griffith wrote -several plays which Garrick -presented with success. <cite>The -Letters of Henry and Frances</cite>, -which she wrote in collaboration -with her husband, a -dramatist, were popular.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_142" id="Footnote_142"></a><a href="#FNanchor_142"><span class="label">[142]</span></a> At No. 5 (now No. 4) -Adelphi Terrace, Garrick lived -between 1772 and 1779. He died -at about 8 a.m. The house is -distinguished by a commemorative -tablet, as also (recently -and more artistically) is his -previous residence in Southampton -Street, Strand.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_143" id="Footnote_143"></a><a href="#FNanchor_143"><span class="label">[143]</span></a> Boswell says: “Garrick’s -funeral was talked of as extravagantly -expensive, but Dr. -Johnson, from his dislike to -exaggeration, would not allow -that it was distinguished -by an extraordinary pomp. -‘Were there not six horses to -each coach?’ said Mrs. Burney. -<span class="smcap">Johnson</span>: ‘Madam, there -were no more six horses than -six phœnixes.’” On this -Croker notes: “There certainly -were, and Johnson himself -went in one of the coach -and six.” Richard Cumberland -saw Johnson standing -beside the grave, at the foot -of Shakespeare’s statue, bathed -in tears. Horace Walpole -wrote to the Countess of -Ossory, February 1, 1779: -“Yes, madam, I do think the -pomp of Garrick’s funeral perfectly -ridiculous,” and he gave -his reasons with epigrammatic -force. Others were of the same -opinion; and John Henderson, -the actor, wrote “a rather -bitter impromptu on Mr. -Garrick’s Funeral,” in which -Garrick is represented as -directing the pageant.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“‘Call all my carpenters—bid George attend.</div> -<div class="verse">And ransack Monmouth Street from end to end;</div> -<div class="verse">Buy all the black, defraud the starving moth.</div> -<div class="verse">Or let him, if he will, defile the cloth:</div> -<div class="verse">Bring moth and all—we have no time to lose—</div> -<div class="verse">If there’s not black enough, then buy the blues.’</div> -<div class="verse center">…</div> -<div class="verse">Thus far he spoke, in an imperial tone,</div> -<div class="verse">And quite forgot the funeral was his own.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_144" id="Footnote_144"></a><a href="#FNanchor_144"><span class="label">[144]</span></a> Antonio Zucchi, A.R.A., who -became Angelica Kauffmann’s -second husband, was employed -by the brothers Adam, the -architects of the Adelphi. The -cost of the mantelpiece is given -by Mr. Wheatley as £300, the -probable figure. Mrs. Garrick -died in the same house in 1822.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_145" id="Footnote_145"></a><a href="#FNanchor_145"><span class="label">[145]</span></a> The “English Grotto,” as -it was called, was one of the -Islington group of tea-gardens. -Its proprietor, Jackson, pleased -his public by an ingenious -water-mill, an “enchanted -fountain,” and a display of -gold and silver fish. A -pleasingly rustic view in the -Crace collection is reproduced -by Mr. Wroth in <cite>London -Pleasure Gardens of the Eighteenth -Century</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_146" id="Footnote_146"></a><a href="#FNanchor_146"><span class="label">[146]</span></a> Francesco Bartolozzi, R.A., -was an original member of -the Royal Academy, and he -engraved its diploma. His -rapid rise, and his appointment -to be engraver to the -King at £300 a year, were -disturbing to Sir Robert -Strange, who treated him with -misplaced contempt. “Let -Strange beat that if he can,” -exclaimed Bartolozzi, on -executing his “Clytia.” Unfortunately -he was improvident, -and his studio became -a manufactory of facile chalk -studies, to many of which he -put only the finishing touches. -After a brilliant career in -England, he went to Lisbon, -where he was knighted, and -died there in 1815, in his -88th year.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_147" id="Footnote_147"></a><a href="#FNanchor_147"><span class="label">[147]</span></a> John Hinchliffe (1731-94), -the son of a livery-stable keeper in Swallow -Street, was born in Westminster, -and educated at Westminster -School. He was consecrated -Bishop of Peterborough, -Dec. 17, 1769. He -bought some of Smith’s youthful -imitations of Rembrandt -and Ostade. A note on -Sherwin will be found under -1782.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_148" id="Footnote_148"></a><a href="#FNanchor_148"><span class="label">[148]</span></a> In 1781, Mary Robinson -(1758-1800), known as “Perdita,” -had ceased to be the mistress -of the Prince of Wales, -afterwards George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, whose -bond for £20,000, never paid, -was exchanged for the pension -of £500 a year awarded -her by Fox in 1783. She was -portrayed by Reynolds twice, -and by Romney, Gainsborough, Hoppner, Zoffany, -and twice by Cosway.</p> - -<p>The original name of Mrs. -Robinson’s family had been -M’Dermott, which had been -changed by an ancestor to -Darby. Mrs. Darby had -brought up her daughter -under difficult circumstances. -Obliged to earn her own living -during her husband’s absence -in America, she started a -ladies’ boarding school in -Little Chelsea, in which the -future “Perdita” (as we learn -from her autobiography) -taught English literature to -the daughters of the well-to-do -citizens, and read to them -“sacred and moral lessons -on saints’ days and Sunday -evenings.” The “high -personage” referred to in -this paragraph is of course -the Prince, in whom -Richard Cosway, the courtly -miniaturist, found a lavish -patron.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_149" id="Footnote_149"></a><a href="#FNanchor_149"><span class="label">[149]</span></a> Anticipating, on a higher -scale, Dickens’s servant-girl -bride, who, on stepping into -a hackney-coach after the -ceremony, “threw a red shawl, -which she had, no doubt, -brought on purpose, negligently -over the number on the door, -evidently to delude pedestrians -into the belief that the -hackney-coach was a private -carriage” (<cite>Sketches by Boz</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_150" id="Footnote_150"></a><a href="#FNanchor_150"><span class="label">[150]</span></a> Smith’s first master, John -Keyse Sherwin, had been a -pupil of Bartolozzi. In his -studio in St. James’s Street, -he was patronised by the -Duchesses of Devonshire and -Rutland, Lady Jersey, and -other ladies of rank, many of -whom were eager to figure in -his drawing of “The Finding -of Moses,” in which the -Princess Royal appeared as -Pharaoh’s daughter. He was -a wonderfully skilful portrait -artist: “I have often seen -him,” says Smith, “begin at -the toe, draw upwards, and -complete it at the top of the -head in a most correct and -masterly manner. He had -also an extraordinary command -over the use of both -his hands.” He was an irregular -worker, however, and -debt and dissipation helped -to kill him at the age of -39.</p> - -<p>The sitting given to -Sherwin by Mrs. Siddons took -place soon after her re-appearance -at Drury Lane Theatre, -the beginning of her real -fame, October 10, 1782. After -opening with Isabella in -Garrick’s version of <cite>The -Fatal Marriage</cite>, she played -Euphrasia in <cite>The Grecian -Daughter</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_151" id="Footnote_151"></a><a href="#FNanchor_151"><span class="label">[151]</span></a> William Henderson, a -collector, lived at No. 33 -Charlotte Street, Fitzroy -Square, where he was the -neighbour of Constable.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_152" id="Footnote_152"></a><a href="#FNanchor_152"><span class="label">[152]</span></a> Mathews’ collection, the -formation of which had been -the passion of his later years, -was not dispersed. It consisted -almost entirely of -portraits, and on these he -is said to have laid out about -£5000. For their accommodation -the younger -Mathews built a special -gallery for his father at Ivy -Cottage, Kentish Town, from -a design by Pugin. In gratifying -his tastes, Mathews found -that he had sacrificed his -privacy to sight-seers; the -rural cottage in which he -had sought peace became a -show-place. The collection -ultimately passed to the -Garrick Club.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_153" id="Footnote_153"></a><a href="#FNanchor_153"><span class="label">[153]</span></a> Apparently Smith refers -to his will, as it then existed; -but, as a matter of fact, he -left no will. On his death, -letters of administration were -granted to his widow, the value -of his estate being only £100. -The second of the two witnesses -was doubtless John Pritt Harley. -See note, <a href="#Page_321">p. 321</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_154" id="Footnote_154"></a><a href="#FNanchor_154"><span class="label">[154]</span></a> John Charles Crowle of -Fryston Hall, Wakefield, -lawyer and antiquary, was a -member of the Dilettanti -Society, and its Secretary, -1774-78. He was a noted -joker and boon companion, -and left a tangible proof of -his interest in art and antiquity -in the illustrated and interleaved -copy of Pennant’s -<cite>History of London</cite> which he -bequeathed to the British -Museum. He died in 1811.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_155" id="Footnote_155"></a><a href="#FNanchor_155"><span class="label">[155]</span></a> Rats’ Castle is described -by Smith in his <cite>Nollekens</cite> as -“a shattered house then standing -on the east side of Dyot -Street, and so called from -the rat-catchers and canine -snackers who inhabited it, -and where they cleaned the -skins of those unfortunate -stray dogs who had suffered -death the preceding night.” -Nollekens obtained models for -his Venuses from Mrs. Lobb, -an elderly lady in a green -calash, at the Fan Tavern -in Dyot Street. This street -was named after Richard Dyot, -a parishioner of St. Giles-in-the-Fields. -“The name was -changed to George Street in -consequence of a filthy song -which attained wide popularity, -but the original name -was restored in 1877” -(Wheatley).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_156" id="Footnote_156"></a><a href="#FNanchor_156"><span class="label">[156]</span></a> This inscription appears to -be incorrect. An editorial note -to the 1845 (second) edition -of the <cite>Rainy Day</cite> points out -that this well-known beggar -died April 25, 1788, and that -the <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite> -recorded his death thus: “In -Bridewell, where he was confined -a second time as a -vagrant, the man known by -the name of Old Simon, who -for many years has gone about -this city covered with rags, -clouted shoes, three old hats -upon his head, and his fingers -full of brass rings. On the -following day, the Coroner’s -Inquest sat on his body, and -brought in their verdict, -‘Died by the visitation of -God.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_157" id="Footnote_157"></a><a href="#FNanchor_157"><span class="label">[157]</span></a> Dr. John Gardner, a well-known -character, erected his -tomb in the churchyard of -St. Leonard’s, Shoreditch, -some years before his death, -and inscribed it:</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Dr. John Gardner’s Last and Best Bedroom</span>,</p> - -<p class="noindent">but finding that he was assumed -to be already dead, -and that his practice as a -worm-doctor in Norton Folgate -was declining, he interpolated -the word “intended” thus:</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Dr. John Gardner’s Intended Last and Best Bedroom.</span></p> - -<p>A correspondent of <cite>Notes -and Queries</cite>, Aug. 25, 1860, -wrote: “I remember him -well; a stout, burly man -with a flaxen wig: he rode -daily into London on a large -roan-coloured horse.” It was -said that he was buried in -an erect position by his own -wish. Gardner’s tombstone is -still carefully preserved, and -is a curiosity of the Hackney -Road, whence the inscription -can be read through the churchyard -railings. It now runs:</p> - -<p class="center">1807<br /> -<br /> -Dr. John Gardner’s<br /> -Last and best Bedroom<br /> -Who departed this life the 8th<br /> -Of April, 1835, in his 84th year.<br /> -Also are here Interred two of His<br /> -Sons and Two of His Granddaughters.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_158" id="Footnote_158"></a><a href="#FNanchor_158"><span class="label">[158]</span></a> “Funeral Weever”: John -Weever (1576-1632), poet and -antiquary; author of <cite>Ancient -Funeral Monuments</cite>, 1631.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_159" id="Footnote_159"></a><a href="#FNanchor_159"><span class="label">[159]</span></a> “I know not whether Mrs. -Nollekens was of Lord Monboddo’s -opinion, that men -originally had tails; but I -could have informed her that -it has been asserted that the -species of monkeys that have -no tails are more inclined to -show tricks than those that -have.”—(Smith.)</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_160" id="Footnote_160"></a><a href="#FNanchor_160"><span class="label">[160]</span></a> The antiquary, and correspondent -of White of Selborne. -He joined this year -(1783) the club founded by -Johnson at the Essex Head -in Essex Street, Strand.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_161" id="Footnote_161"></a><a href="#FNanchor_161"><span class="label">[161]</span></a> Mrs. Nollekens was Mary, -second daughter of Mr. -Saunders Welch, the police -magistrate. Her flightiness -and parsimony are Smith’s -endless sport in his Life of -her husband, and he was -willing to believe that her -character resembled that of -Pekuah, the favourite attendant -of the princess, in -<cite>Rasselas</cite>. Miss Hawkins says -in her <cite>Anecdotes</cite>, that Johnson -drew Pekuah from Mary Welch, -and that she had this from -Anne Welch. In any case, -the Doctor found “Pekuah’s” -vivacity agreeable. Smith -relates: “I have heard Mr. -Nollekens say that the Doctor, -when joked with about her, -observed, ‘Yes, I think Mary -would have been mine, if -little Joe had not stepped -in.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_162" id="Footnote_162"></a><a href="#FNanchor_162"><span class="label">[162]</span></a> “The name of Norman was -so extensively known, that I -consider it hardly possible for -many of my readers to be -ignorant of his fame; indeed, -so much was he in requisition, -that persons residing out of -Town would frequently order -the carriage for no other purpose -than to consult Dr. -Norman as to the state of -Biddy’s health, just as people -of rank now consult Partington -or Thompson as to the irregularities -of their children’s -teeth” (Smith: <cite>Nollekens</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_163" id="Footnote_163"></a><a href="#FNanchor_163"><span class="label">[163]</span></a> George Keate was a man -of miscellaneous talent. His -best-known literary works are -his serio-comic poem “The -Distressed Poet” (1787), and -his “Account of the Pelew -Islands from the Journal of -Captain Henry Wilson.” He -enjoyed the friendship of -Voltaire at Geneva, and was -careful that the world should -know it. In her <cite>Early Diary</cite>, -Miss Burney gives a good -portrait of Keate as she met -him “at the house of six -old maids, all sisters, and all -above sixty.” She found him -a “sluggish” conversationalist -who aimed continually at -making himself the subject -of discussion, “while he -listened with the greatest nonchalance, -reclining his person -upon the back of his chair -and kicking his foot now -over, and now under, a gold-headed -cane.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_164" id="Footnote_164"></a><a href="#FNanchor_164"><span class="label">[164]</span></a> This dealer probably -bought dog-skins. “The dexterous -of all dentists” may -be explained by the following -passage in Smith’s <cite>Vagabondiana</cite> -(1817): “It is scarcely to -be believed that some few years -ago a woman of the name -of Smith regularly went over -London early in the morning, -to strike out the teeth of dead -dogs that had been stolen and -killed for the sake of their -skins. These teeth she sold -to bookbinders, carvers, and -gilders, as burnishing tools.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_165" id="Footnote_165"></a><a href="#FNanchor_165"><span class="label">[165]</span></a> The Last Supper was one -of many religious subjects -which the Quaker artist -painted for his uncritical -patron, George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> It was -a transparent painting, and -was let into the east window, -which was structurally altered -for its accommodation; but it -was long ago removed, and the -window restored. It is a -commonplace that West’s -powers lagged far behind his -ambition. “Twenty years -after his death,” says Mr. -E. T. Cook, “some of his -pictures, for which he had -been paid 3000 guineas, were -knocked down at a public -sale for £10; and such of his -pictures as had been presented -to the National Gallery -have now been removed to -the provinces.” West’s work -for George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> is represented -by seventeen paintings in the -Queen Anne’s Drawing-Room -at Hampton Court. These -include “Hannibal Swearing -never to make Peace with -Rome,” “The Death of -Epaminondas,” “The Death -of General Wolfe” (a picture -of some value), “The Final -Departure of Regulus from -Rome,” etc.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_166" id="Footnote_166"></a><a href="#FNanchor_166"><span class="label">[166]</span></a> Richard Wyatt of Egham -was a well-known amateur, -and the patron of John Opie. -He married Priscilla, daughter -of John Edgell of Milton -Place, and had three sons -and four daughters.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_167" id="Footnote_167"></a><a href="#FNanchor_167"><span class="label">[167]</span></a> Anne, or Nancy, Parsons -is supposed to have been the -daughter of a Bond Street -tailor. She lived under the -protection of a Mr. Horton, -a West India merchant, with -whom she went to Jamaica. -On her return she lodged in -Brewer Street, and, after living -with Duke of Dorset and -others, became the mistress of -the Duke of Grafton. Junius -bitterly says: “The name of -Miss Parsons would hardly -have been known if the first -Lord of the Treasury had -not led her in triumph through -the Opera House, even in the -presence of the Queen. When -we see a man act in this -manner, we may admit the -shameless depravity of his -heart, but what are we to -think of his understanding?” -Ultimately Nancy Parsons -married Charles, second Viscount -Maynard.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_168" id="Footnote_168"></a><a href="#FNanchor_168"><span class="label">[168]</span></a> Sir Richard Colt Hoare, -second baronet (1758-1838), -began life in the family bank, -but, being made independent -of business, he married a -daughter of William Henry, -Lord Lyttelton, and devoted -himself to travel, study, and -his art collections. He completed -histories of ancient and -modern Wiltshire, and smaller -works, and was an excellent -example of the wealthy antiquary.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_169" id="Footnote_169"></a><a href="#FNanchor_169"><span class="label">[169]</span></a> George Huddesford (1749-1809) -was an artist in early -life, studying under Reynolds; -in middle life he took to -scribbling, and showed a turn -for satire. A collected edition -of his works appeared in 1801, -entitled: “The Poems of -George Huddesford, M.A., late -Fellow of New College, Oxford. -Now first collected, including -Salmagundi, Topsy-Turvy, -Bubble and Squeak, and -Crambe Repetita, with corrections -and original additions.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_170" id="Footnote_170"></a><a href="#FNanchor_170"><span class="label">[170]</span></a> These verses begin—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“In Liquorpond-street, as is well known to many,</div> -<div class="verse">An Artist resided who shaved for a penny.</div> -<div class="verse">Cut hair for three-halfpence, for three pence he bled,</div> -<div class="verse">And would draw, for a groat, every tooth in your head.</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">What annoy’d other folks never spoil’d his repose,</div> -<div class="verse">’Twas the same thing to him whether stocks fell or rose;</div> -<div class="verse">For blast and for mildew he car’d not a pin,</div> -<div class="verse">His crops never fail’d, for they grew on the chin.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_171" id="Footnote_171"></a><a href="#FNanchor_171"><span class="label">[171]</span></a> Henry Kett (1761-1825) -was a frequent subject of -caricatures. The learned -Thomas Warton’s comment -on his “Juvenile Poems” -was—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Our Kett not a poet!</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Why, how can you say so?</div> -<div class="verse">For if he’s no Ovid</div> -<div class="verse indent1">I’m sure he’s a Naso.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>From his long face he was -known as “Horse” Kett, -and, enjoying the joke, he -would say that he was going -to “trot down the ‘High.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_172" id="Footnote_172"></a><a href="#FNanchor_172"><span class="label">[172]</span></a> George Stubbs, A.R.A., -the great horse-painter of -the eighteenth century. He -painted sixteen race-horses, including -Eclipse, for the <cite>Turf -Review</cite>. His physical strength -was such that he was said -to have carried a dead horse -up three flights of stairs to -his dissecting attic. His -“Fall of Phaeton” was popular, -and showed him capable -of great things. Many of -Stubbs’s finest pictures are now -in the possession of the King, -the Duke of Westminster, -Lord Rosebery, and Sir Walter -Gilbey, who has produced an -important work on his life and -art. Stubbs lived for forty -years at 24 Somerset Street, -Portman Square.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_173" id="Footnote_173"></a><a href="#FNanchor_173"><span class="label">[173]</span></a> Woodforde was a dull but -correct painter of historical -subjects. He died at Ferrara.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_174" id="Footnote_174"></a><a href="#FNanchor_174"><span class="label">[174]</span></a> In Horwood’s map of -London, of 1799, Orange Court -is seen behind the King’s -Mews.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_175" id="Footnote_175"></a><a href="#FNanchor_175"><span class="label">[175]</span></a> Miss Pope lived in Great -Queen Street for forty years. -Among her friends she was -known as Mrs. Candour, from -her playing that character, -and from her habit of taking -the part of any person spoken -against in company. “I -never heard her speak ill of -any human being.… I have -sometimes been even exasperated -by her benevolence,” says -James Smith, who writes -delightfully about her in his -Memoirs. Churchill sang her -praises—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“See lively Pope advance in jig and trip,</div> -<div class="verse">Corinna, Cherry, Honeycombe, and Snip.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The actress did not die in -Great Queen Street, but at -17 Michael’s Place, Brompton, -July 30, 1818.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_176" id="Footnote_176"></a><a href="#FNanchor_176"><span class="label">[176]</span></a> General John Burgoyne -(1722-92) took part in the -War of Independence, and -surrendered with 5000 men at -Saratoga on October 15, 1777. -After a term as Commander-in-Chief -in Ireland, he gave -rein to his literary tastes, -and wrote, among other plays, -his delightful comedy, <cite>The -Heiress</cite>. He died at No. 10 -Hertford Street, August 4, -1792.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_177" id="Footnote_177"></a><a href="#FNanchor_177"><span class="label">[177]</span></a> It stood in Charlotte Street, -looking east along Windmill -Street. Robert Montgomery, -of “Satan” memory, became -minister of this chapel in -1843.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_178" id="Footnote_178"></a><a href="#FNanchor_178"><span class="label">[178]</span></a> Mrs. Mathew, wife of the -Rev. Henry Mathew, of Percy -Chapel, was famous for her -assemblies at her house, No. 27 -Rathbone Place, and her encouragement -of artists. Here -were seen Mrs. Barbauld, Mrs. -Chapone, Mrs. Carter, the -translator of Epictetus, and -Mrs. Edward Montagu. Mrs. -Mathew “was so extremely -zealous in promoting the -celebrity of Blake, that, upon -hearing him read some of his -early efforts in poetry, she -thought so well of them as -to request the Rev. Henry -Mathew, her husband, to join -Mr. Flaxman in his truly kind -effort in defraying the expense -of printing them” (Smith: -<cite>Nollekens</cite>). Mr. Mathew consented, -and wrote the “advertisement” -for the volume, -which was entitled <cite>Poetical -Sketches, by W. B.</cite>, and bore -the date 1783. Not a few of -the old houses in Rathbone -Place remain, with their ground -floors turned into shops. In -these or similar houses lived -Nathaniel Hone, R.A., who -died here in 1784; Ozias -Humphry, R.A., at No. 29; -E. H. Bailey, the sculptor; -and Peter de Wint.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_179" id="Footnote_179"></a><a href="#FNanchor_179"><span class="label">[179]</span></a> Smith’s prediction was -strikingly borne out at the -sale of the Earl of Crewe’s -collection of the productions -of Blake, held at -Sotheby’s rooms March 30, -1903. The <cite>Illustrations of -the Book of Job</cite>, containing -twenty-two engravings, -twenty-one original designs -in colours, and a portrait -of Blake by himself, was -keenly contested. Bidding -began at £1500, and ended at -£5600, at which price the -<cite>Job</cite> passed to Mr. Quaritch. -Blake’s original inventions -for Milton’s “L’Allegro” -and “Il Penseroso” brought -£1960, and all the remaining -sixteen lots fetched high -prices.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_180" id="Footnote_180"></a><a href="#FNanchor_180"><span class="label">[180]</span></a> Edward Oram, son of Old -Oram, assisted Philip James -De Loutherbourg, R.A., in -the management of the Drury -Lane scenery and stage effects. -“Old” William Oram, “of the -Board of Works,” was Surveyor -to that body. He was much -employed in panel decoration.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_181" id="Footnote_181"></a><a href="#FNanchor_181"><span class="label">[181]</span></a> John Ker, third Duke of -Roxburgh, the book collector.—Sir -John Fleming Leicester, -first Baron de Tabley (1762-1827), -was a patron of artists, -and a good draughtsman. The -public were freely admitted -to his collection of British -pictures at his house at 24 Hill -Street, Berkeley Square.—Mr. -Richard Bull was a well-known -figure at the print sales and a -subscriber to Smith’s publications.—Anthony -Morris Storer, -an ardent collector and -“Graingeriser,” extra-illustrated -Grainger’s <cite>Biographical -History of England</cite>, and left -the work to Eton College. A -rather candid sketch of Storer -is drawn by Rev. J. Richardson -in his entertaining <cite>Recollections -of the Last Half Century</cite>.—A -note on Dr. Lort will -be found elsewhere.—Mr. -Haughton James, F.R.S., was -born in Jamaica; he became -a member of the Dilettanti -Society in 1763.—Mr. Charles -John Crowle and Sir James -Winter Lake, Bart., so -frequently mentioned by -Smith, are the subjects of other -notes.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_182" id="Footnote_182"></a><a href="#FNanchor_182"><span class="label">[182]</span></a> In this list of Smith’s -patrons the following are of -interest:—The “beautiful Miss -Towry” was Anne, daughter -of Captain George Phillips -Towry, R.N., commissioner of -victualling, who became the -wife of Lord Ellenborough, -afterwards Lord Chief Justice -of England, Oct. 17, 1782. -Her beauty was so great that -passers-by would linger to -watch her watering the flowers -on the balcony of their house -in Bloomsbury Square. Lady -Ellenborough bore thirteen -children, and, surviving her -husband many years, died in -Stratford Place, Oxford Street, -Aug. 16, 1843, aged 74. Her -portrait was painted by -Reynolds.</p> - -<p>Mr. Douglas was James -Douglas, author of <cite>Nenia -Britannica, a Sepulchral History -of Great Britain</cite>. As a -youth he helped Sir Ashton -Lever to stuff birds for his -museum. His abilities in -painting were considerable, -and we owe to him a full-length -portrait of Captain Grose. -His <cite>Travelling Anecdotes</cite> is an -interesting book.</p> - -<p>By “Mr. Chamberlain -Clark” Smith means Mr. -Richard Clark, but he antedates -his title of City Chamberlain, -to which post he was -appointed only in 1798; he -held it until 1831, and was -Lord Mayor in 1784.</p> - -<p>Dr. Joseph Drury was Headmaster -of Harrow for twenty -years, 1785-1805. He will -always be remembered as Lord -Byron’s headmaster.</p> - -<p>John Wigston figures in -Smith’s notes under the year -1796 as a patron of Morland.</p> - -<p>Information concerning Captain -Horsley and the Boddams -will be found in Robinson’s -<cite>History of Enfield</cite>.</p> - -<p>Mr. Henry Hare Townsend -was the owner of Bruce Castle, -which he sold in 1792; it was -afterwards occupied by Rowland -Hill, who brought hither -his school, disciplined on the -“Hazlewood” system, before -he became a public man and -the founder of penny postage.</p> - -<p>The Mr. Samuel Salt, -whose name comes last in -Smith’s list of his patrons, -is no other than Charles -Lamb’s Samuel Salt of the -Inner Temple. “July 27. -At his chambers in Crown -Office Row, Inner Temple, -Samuel Salt, Esq., one of -the benchers of that hon. -society, and a governor of -the South Sea Company” -(<cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>, July -1792).—Lawrence Sterne, at -whose burial he assisted, -was laid in the St. George’s -(Hanover Square) burial-ground, -facing Hyde Park, -March 22, 1788. Sterne’s -grave is well kept.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_183" id="Footnote_183"></a><a href="#FNanchor_183"><span class="label">[183]</span></a> The formation of Virginia -Water was carried out at the -instance of the Duke of Cumberland, -as Ranger of Windsor -Forest. Thomas Sandby, -his Deputy Ranger, lived in -the Lower Lodge, where he -was soon joined by his brother -Paul, the eminent water-colourist. -The construction -of the Virginia Water occupied -him for several years, but -it was completed long before -the birth of Smith. The -works were entirely destroyed -by a storm in September 1768, -and Smith witnessed in this -year, 1785, only the finishing -touches to the then reconstructing -lake.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_184" id="Footnote_184"></a><a href="#FNanchor_184"><span class="label">[184]</span></a> In 1796, the Feathers -Tavern, on the east side of -the square, made way for -Charles Dibdin’s “Sans Souci” -theatre, in which he gave a -single-handed entertainment. -Here he produced his song, -“My Name d’ye see’s Tom -Tough.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_185" id="Footnote_185"></a><a href="#FNanchor_185"><span class="label">[185]</span></a> The wealthy and talented -“Athenian” Stuart (1713-88) -had his sobriquet from -his journey to Athens, and -his account of Greek architecture -embodied in <cite>The Antiquities -of Athens Measured -and Delineated</cite>, compiled by -himself and his fellow-traveller, -Nicholas Revett, and completed -by Newton and -Reveley. Hogarth satirised -Stuart’s first volume (1762) -in his print, “The Five -Order of Perriwigs as they -were worn at the Late -Coronation, measured Architectonically.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_186" id="Footnote_186"></a><a href="#FNanchor_186"><span class="label">[186]</span></a> Samuel Scott, whose paintings, -“Old London Bridge,” -“Old Westminster Bridge,” and -a “View of Westminster,” are -in the National Gallery, was -one of Hogarth’s companions -in the famous “Tour,” described -in Gostling’s verses.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Sam Scott and Hogarth, for their share,</div> -<div class="verse">The prospects of the sea and land did.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Scott’s portrait by Hudson is -in the National Gallery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_187" id="Footnote_187"></a><a href="#FNanchor_187"><span class="label">[187]</span></a> See note, <a href="#Page_98">p. 98</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_188" id="Footnote_188"></a><a href="#FNanchor_188"><span class="label">[188]</span></a> Luke Sullivan engraved -several of Hogarth’s works, -and among them his “Paul -before Felix” (now in Lincoln’s -Inn), to which he sat as model -for the angel. He was a -handsome, dissipated Irishman, -and lodged at the “White -Bear” in Piccadilly. His -etching of the “March to -Finchley” is superb. Ireland -says that Hogarth had difficulty -in keeping him at work -on this plate. Sullivan was -destroyed by his habits, and -died prematurely.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_189" id="Footnote_189"></a><a href="#FNanchor_189"><span class="label">[189]</span></a> Francis Grose (1731-91), -the famous antiquary, -humorist, and spendthrift, -who is immortalised by -Burns—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“A chield’s amang you takin’ notes,</div> -<div class="verse indent2">And, faith, he’ll prent it.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_190" id="Footnote_190"></a><a href="#FNanchor_190"><span class="label">[190]</span></a> Valuable as this book certainly -was for a number of -years, it is now superseded -by the elaborate work produced -by Dr. Meyrick [<cite>A -Critical Inquiry into Ancient -Armour</cite>, by Sir Samuel Rush -Meyrick, 1824], an inestimable -and complete treasure to the -historian, the artist, and the -stage.—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_191" id="Footnote_191"></a><a href="#FNanchor_191"><span class="label">[191]</span></a> Thomas Hearne (1744-1817) -belonged to that group -of artists whose tinted topographical -drawings initiated -water-colour. He died in Macclesfield -Street, Soho, April -13, 1817, and was buried in -Bushey churchyard by Dr. -Monro, Turner’s “good -doctor” of the Adelphi, who -used to set Turner and Girtin to -make drawings for him in the -Adelphi at the price of “half a -crown apiece and a supper.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_192" id="Footnote_192"></a><a href="#FNanchor_192"><span class="label">[192]</span></a> See note on Mr. Baker, -<a href="#Page_115">p. 115</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_193" id="Footnote_193"></a><a href="#FNanchor_193"><span class="label">[193]</span></a> Henry Edridge, A.R.A. -(1769-1821), was born in Paddington, -established himself as -a portrait painter in Dufour’s -Place, Golden Square, in 1789, -and died in Margaret Street, -Cavendish Square. He was -the friend and pupil of Thomas -Hearne, and, like him, was -buried in Bushey churchyard -by the benevolent Dr. Monro. -The British Museum Print -Room has pencil portraits by -Edridge, and three of his -sketch-books.—William Alexander -(1761-1816) preceded -Smith as Keeper of the Prints -and Drawings in the British -Museum. He was a skilful -water-colourist, and the Print -Room has his original sketches -for the illustrations in the -officially published <cite>Ancient -Terra-cottas</cite> and <cite>Ancient -Marbles</cite>, dealing with the -Museum collections.—Edmunds -was an upholsterer in -Compton Street, Soho.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_194" id="Footnote_194"></a><a href="#FNanchor_194"><span class="label">[194]</span></a> The elephant was Chunee, -the “Jumbo” of the Georgian -era. Smith writes of his -arrival under 1785, but it -was not until 1809 that he -and Mr. Baker could have -seen Chunee coming from the -docks. This famous elephant -stood eleven feet in height, -and was the attraction at Mr. -Cross’s menagerie until March -1826, when his death was -ordered. Chunee’s carcass -was valued at £1000. Lord -Byron must have seen Chunee -when he “saw the tigers -sup” in 1813, and Thomas -Hood’s lament on his death -is well known. Exeter Change, -which stood at the Strand -end of Burleigh Street, did -not long survive its elephant: -in April 1829 it was sold -out of existence by George -Robins.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_195" id="Footnote_195"></a><a href="#FNanchor_195"><span class="label">[195]</span></a> Abraham Langford (1711-74), -the most fashionable -auctioneer of his day, had -his rooms in the Piazza, -Covent Garden. He was -buried in St. Pancras churchyard, -and identical laudatory -verses were cut on both sides -of his tombstone—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“His spring was such as should have been,</div> -<div class="verse">Adroit and gay, unvexed by Care or Spleen,</div> -<div class="verse">His Summer’s manhood, open, fresh, and fair,</div> -<div class="verse">His Virtue strict, his manners debonair,” etc.</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Foote satirised Langford in -<cite>The Minor</cite> as Smirke (not -Puff) the auctioneer, who -raises a Guido from “forty-five” -to “sixty-three ten” -by declaring that “it only -wants a touch from the torch -of Prometheus to start from -the canvas.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_196" id="Footnote_196"></a><a href="#FNanchor_196"><span class="label">[196]</span></a> Samuel Paterson (1728-1802), -originally a stay-maker, -became a bookseller, and about -1753 opened auction rooms -in what remained of Essex -House, which stood much on -the site of Devereux Court, -Essex Street. He afterwards -removed to Covent Garden. -He would have succeeded -better in business had he -been less fond of reading the -books he sold. He was the -first auctioneer who sold books -in lots.—Hassell Hutchins, -the auctioneer of King Street, -Covent Garden, died in 1795.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_197" id="Footnote_197"></a><a href="#FNanchor_197"><span class="label">[197]</span></a> It was George Michael -Moser (1704-83) who made -the historic interruption: -“Stay, stay, Toctor Shonson -is going to say something.” -Born at Schaffhausen, he rose -from cabinet-making (in Soho) -and the chasing of watch-cases -and cane heads, to be -the First Keeper of the Royal -Academy. Sir Joshua Reynolds -pronounced him the first -gold-chaser in the kingdom. -He enamelled trinkets for -watches with so much skill -as to set a fashion, and it was -said that George <span class="smcapuc">II.</span> once -ordered him a hat full of -money for some of his works. -Moser lived in Craven Buildings, -which have lately been -demolished to make way for -Aldwych and Kingsway. He -died, however, in his official -keeper’s residence at Somerset -House.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_198" id="Footnote_198"></a><a href="#FNanchor_198"><span class="label">[198]</span></a> John Millan had a bookshop -at Charing Cross for -more than fifty years. Richard -Gough, the antiquary, frequented -Millan’s shop, which -he describes as “encrusted -with Literature and Curiosities -like so many stalactitical exudations.” -Behind sat “the -deity of the place, at the head -of a Whist party.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_199" id="Footnote_199"></a><a href="#FNanchor_199"><span class="label">[199]</span></a> Johnson’s letter to Sir -Joshua Reynolds on behalf of -young Paterson was dated -June 2, 1783; his three letters -to Ozias Humphrey, April 5, -April 10, and May 31, 1784. -He asks Humphrey to allow -the boy to frequent his studio -and see him paint. The -Doctor had chosen good -teachers for the youth. -“Humphrey’s miniatures, -before those of any other, -remind us of the excellences -and graces of Reynolds” (Redgrave: -<cite>A Century of Painters</cite>, -i. 421). Humphrey had himself -been greatly encouraged in -his youth by Reynolds, who -said to him: “Born in my -country, and your mother a -lace-maker!—why, Vandyck’s -mother was a maker of lace,” -and he lent him some of his -pictures to copy.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_200" id="Footnote_200"></a><a href="#FNanchor_200"><span class="label">[200]</span></a> Richard Gough (1735-1809), -the antiquary whose -<cite>British Topography</cite>, <cite>Sepulchral -Monuments</cite>, translation of -Camden’s <cite>Britannia</cite>, and other -works, are in every great -library. The <cite>Britannia</cite> occupied -him seven years, and -his investigations led him all -over the country. It is said -that during the seven years -in which he was translating -it he remained so accessible -to his family at Enfield, that -no member of it was aware -of his undertaking. He was -esteemed by Horace Walpole, -who, however, often made a -jest of his antiquary mind. -Thus: “Gough, speaking of -some Cross that has been -renowned, says ‘there is now -<em>an unmeaning market-house</em> in -its place.’ Saving his reverence -and our prejudices, I doubt -there is a good deal more -<em>meaning</em> in a market-house -than in a cross” (Letter to -Rev. W. Cole, Nov. 24, 1780).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_201" id="Footnote_201"></a><a href="#FNanchor_201"><span class="label">[201]</span></a> There were four Basires -in direct succession. Smith -refers to the second in the line, -James Basire (1730-1802), the -illustrator of <cite>Vetusta Monumenta</cite>. -He compares him -unfavourably with William -Woollett (1735-85) and John -Hall (1739-97), but it is not -clear that West despised Basire, -who, indeed, engraved his -<cite>Pylades and Orestes</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_202" id="Footnote_202"></a><a href="#FNanchor_202"><span class="label">[202]</span></a> Dr. Lort was Librarian, -not Chaplain, to the Duke of -Devonshire. He moved in the -Johnson set. For nineteen -years he held the Rectory of -St. Matthew’s, Friday Street, -in which church (now demolished) -there was a tablet -to his memory. He died at -6 Savile Row, Nov. 5, 1790, -after a carriage accident at -Colchester. A water-colour -portrait of him, by Sylvester -Harding, is in the British -Museum Print Room. In -her diary Madam D’Arblay -gives an entertaining picture -of Dr. Lort as he appeared in -the Thrale circle at Streatham, -where on one occasion he -talked against Dr. Johnson -to his face without, it seems, -any tragic results. “His -manners,” she says, “are somewhat -blunt and odd, and he is -altogether out of the common -road, without having chosen a -better path.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_203" id="Footnote_203"></a><a href="#FNanchor_203"><span class="label">[203]</span></a> Old Cole, <i>i.e.</i> William Cole -(1714-1782), was pronounced -by Horace Walpole an “oracle -in any antique difficulties.” -The two travelled France together. -Cole, who for many -years was in Holy Orders, -had filled forty folio volumes -with notes on Cambridgeshire, -concerning which he wrote to -Walpole: “They are my only -delight—they are my wife and -children.” He earned such -nicknames as Old Cole, Cole -of Milton (where he lived), and -Cardinal Cole (from his leanings -to Romanism). Cole’s “wife -and children” are now in the -British Museum MSS. Department.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_204" id="Footnote_204"></a><a href="#FNanchor_204"><span class="label">[204]</span></a> The Rev. Dr. Isaac Gossett -was proud of his long series -of priced catalogues. Every -bookseller knew his fad for -milk-white vellum. So keen a -bibliophile was Gossett, that an -illness which kept him from -the sale of the Pinelli collection -vanished when he was given -permission to inspect one of -the volumes of the first Complutensian -Polyglot Bible of -Cardinal Ximenes, on vellum, -and in the original binding. -Dr. Gossett died in Newman -Street, December 16, 1812, -and was buried in Old Marylebone -cemetery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_205" id="Footnote_205"></a><a href="#FNanchor_205"><span class="label">[205]</span></a> Edward Cocker (1631-7?), -writing master and -arithmetician, is referred to -in the phrase “according to -Cocker.” The <cite>Dictionary of -National Biography</cite> gives 1675 -as the date of his death, but -Mr. Wheatley (<cite>London Past and -Present</cite>) quotes the Register -of Burials at St. George the -Martyr’s, Southwark: “Mr. -Edward Cocker, Writing Mr. -Aug. 26, 1676.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_206" id="Footnote_206"></a><a href="#FNanchor_206"><span class="label">[206]</span></a> The wine and wit of Caleb -Whitefoord (1734-1810) were -both good. Smith reports -Mrs. Nollekens as saying: “My -dear Mrs. Pardice, you may -safely take a glass of it, for -it is the last of twelve which -Mr. Caleb Whitefoord sent us -as a present; and everybody -who talks about wine should -know his house has ever been -famous for claret.” Smith, who -often acidulates his ink, suggests -that Whitefoord’s little -presents and constant attendance -on the Nollekens’ household -showed the covetous collector -rather than the kindly -man. Burke, who thought -meanly of Whitefoord’s services -as secretary of the -Commission for concluding -peace with America, described -him as a “diseur de bons -mots.” Goldsmith mourns -his wasted abilities in his -“Retaliation”—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Here Whitefoord reclines, deny it who can;</div> -<div class="verse">Tho’ he merrily lived, he is now a grave man.</div> -<div class="verse">What pity, alas! that so lib’ral a mind</div> -<div class="verse">Should so long be to Newspaper Essays confin’d!</div> -<div class="verse center">…</div> -<div class="verse">Whose talents to fit any station were fit,</div> -<div class="verse">Yet happy if Woodfall confessed him a wit.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Whitefoord’s Cross Readings of -the newspapers—a form of -humour that has been revived -somewhat recently—delighted -the town in 1766; Goldsmith -envied him the idea, and -Johnson praised his pseudonym—“Papyrius -Cursor.” The -following are specimens of these -Cross Readings:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Yesterday Dr. Pretyman preached at St. James’s—</div> -<div class="verse">And performed it with ease in less than sixteen minutes”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Several changes are talked of at Court—</div> -<div class="verse">Consisting of 9050 triple bob-majors.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Sunday night many noble families were alarmed—</div> -<div class="verse">By the constable of the watch, who apprehended them at cards.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The wealthy wine-merchant -and art lover lived to be the -patron in David Wilkie’s -painting, “The Letter of Introduction.” -He died in Argyll -Street, and was buried in the -churchyard of St. Mary’s, -Paddington, where lie Nollekens, -Mrs. Siddons, Haydon, -and many others of note.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_207" id="Footnote_207"></a><a href="#FNanchor_207"><span class="label">[207]</span></a> Captain William Baillie’s -copies of Rembrandt’s etchings -are still bought—by the -simple—in the print-shops. -The captain quitted the 18th -Light Dragoons in 1761, and -joined the Covent Garden -Colony of artists. He knew -everybody. Henry Angelo -heard him say that for more -than half a century he had -passed his mornings in going -from one apartment to another -over the Piazza. His -works, which have now little -value, were issued by Boydell -in 1792, and re-issued in 1803. -One of his exploits, mentioned -by Redgrave, was to purchase -for £70 Cuyp’s fine “View of -Dort” and convert it into -two separate pictures called -“Morning” and “Evening,” -which were afterwards piously -purchased for £2200 and reunited. Captain Baillie died -Dec. 22, 1810, aged eighty-seven, -at Lisson Green, Paddington. -He was for many -years a commissioner of Stamp -Duties.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_208" id="Footnote_208"></a><a href="#FNanchor_208"><span class="label">[208]</span></a> Edwards’ <cite>Anecdotes of -Painters</cite> is a useful little supplement -to Walpole’s larger -work. He was buried in -old St. Pancras churchyard, -now a recreation ground, -where his name, however, -does not appear on the -memorial erected by the -Baroness Burdett-Coutts to -those whose graves were obliterated. -His portrait in -chalk is in the Print Room.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_209" id="Footnote_209"></a><a href="#FNanchor_209"><span class="label">[209]</span></a> Mr. George Baker, the lace-man, -died in St. Paul’s Churchyard -in 1811. He compiled -“A Catalogue of Books, Poems, -Tracts, and small detached -Pieces, printed at the Press -at Strawberry Hill, belonging -to the late Horace Walpole, -Earl of Orford,” 4to. Twenty -copies only were printed, and -were distributed in May 1811. -Mr. Baker made a lifelong -hobby of print-collecting, and -his Hogarths, Woolletts, and -Bartolozzis were scarcely surpassed.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_210" id="Footnote_210"></a><a href="#FNanchor_210"><span class="label">[210]</span></a> Woodhouse’s pictures and -drawings were sold in 1801; -the catalogues are in the -British Museum.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_211" id="Footnote_211"></a><a href="#FNanchor_211"><span class="label">[211]</span></a> Joseph Musgrave, Esq., -was a subscriber to Smith’s -<cite>Antiquities of Westminster</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_212" id="Footnote_212"></a><a href="#FNanchor_212"><span class="label">[212]</span></a> “The most <em>acid</em> of all -Manningtree’s evil and jealous-minded -spirits, originally held -in the service of that famous -witch-finder-general, Matthew -Hopkins” (Smith).—Hopkins, -after bringing old women to -execution as witches, was himself -“swum” and hanged in -1647 for witchcraft. “Vinegar -Tom” was one of the “imps” -which a one-legged beggar -woman named Elizabeth -Clarke was persuaded by -Hopkins to declare was under -her control. Hopkins had -originally been a lawyer at -Manningtree.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_213" id="Footnote_213"></a><a href="#FNanchor_213"><span class="label">[213]</span></a> Samuel Wodhull, who lived -wealthily in Berkeley Square, -is best remembered for his -translation of Euripides (1774-82), -the first complete -rendering of the Greek -tragedian in English. He -was buried at Thenford, his -native place, in Northamptonshire.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_214" id="Footnote_214"></a><a href="#FNanchor_214"><span class="label">[214]</span></a> Thomas Worlidge (1700-66), -a skilful etcher after -Rembrandt, and illustrator of -a book on antique gems, was -nicknamed “Scritch-Scratch.” -He is said to have had thirty-three -children by his three -marriages. He lived in the -famous house in Great Queen -Street (now divided and -numbered 55-56) in which -Reynolds had been the pupil -of Thomas Hudson, and which -now bears a tablet proclaiming -it one of the homes of Sheridan.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_215" id="Footnote_215"></a><a href="#FNanchor_215"><span class="label">[215]</span></a> After Rawle’s death, his -effects were sold at Hutchins’, -Covent Garden, where this -Charles the Second wig was -bought by Suett, the actor, -who, says Smith, “to prove -to the company that it would -suit him better than his -harum-scarum opponent, put -it upon his head, and, thus -dignified, went on with his -biddings, which were sometimes -sarcastically serious, and -at others ludicrously comic. -The company, however, -though so highly amused, -thought it ungenerous to prolong -the biddings, and therefore -one and all declared that -it ought to be knocked down -to him before he took it off -his head. Upon this Suett -immediately attempted to take -it off, but the ivory hammer, -with the ruffled hand of the -auctioneer, after being once -flourished over his head, gave -it in favour of the eccentric -comedian.” Suett appeared -in this wig in Fielding’s <cite>Tom -Thumb</cite>, and we are told that -“sick men laughed themselves -well to see him peeping out -of the black forest of hair.” -Finally this wonderful wig -was lost in the fire which -destroyed the theatre at -Birmingham. Mrs. Booth, the -mother of the actress, was met -by Suett, and all he said was: -“Mrs. Booth, my wig’s gone.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_216" id="Footnote_216"></a><a href="#FNanchor_216"><span class="label">[216]</span></a> Rawle died November 8, -1789 (<cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>, -1789).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_217" id="Footnote_217"></a><a href="#FNanchor_217"><span class="label">[217]</span></a> From the <cite>Public Advertiser</cite>, -July 12, 1774: “Miniature -Painting.—Mr. Beauvais, -well known at Tunbridge Wells -to several of the nobility -and gentry for taking a striking -likeness, either in water -colours or India ink. Miniature -pictures copied by him from -large pictures, to any size, -and pictures repaired if -damaged. He also teaches, -by a peculiar method, Persons -of the least capacity to -take a Likeness in India Ink, -or with a black lead pencil, -in a short time. To be spoke -with at Mr. Bryan’s, the -‘Blue Ball,’ St. Martin’s Street, -Leicester Fields, from eleven -to one o’clock.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_218" id="Footnote_218"></a><a href="#FNanchor_218"><span class="label">[218]</span></a> “A most facetious, fat -gentleman,” is Henry Angelo’s -description of Mr. Mitchell, -the wealthy partner in the -bank of Hodsol & Company, -and the unstinting patron of -Rowlandson. Mitchell lived -in Beaufort Buildings, in the -Strand, which two years ago -were demolished for the extension -of the Savoy Hotel. -Here the worthy banker loved -to gather round him such -choice spirits as Thomas -Rowlandson, John Nixon, and -Thomas Wolcot (Peter Pindar). -“Well do I remember,” says -Henry Angelo, “sitting in -this comfortable apartment, -listening to the stories of -my old friend Peter Pindar, -whose wit seemed not to -kindle until after midnight, -at the period of about his -fifth or sixth glass of brandy -and water. Rowlandson, -too, having nearly accomplished -his twelfth glass of -punch, and replenishing his -pipe with choice Oronooko, -would chime in. The tales -of these two gossips, told in -one of those nights, each -delectable to hear, would make -a modern Boccaccio.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_219" id="Footnote_219"></a><a href="#FNanchor_219"><span class="label">[219]</span></a> William Packer of Great -Baddow, and of Charlotte -Street, Bloomsbury, was many -years in the brewery of Combe, -Delafield, & Company in -Castle Street, Long Acre. This -brewery was the nucleus of -Watney, Combe, Reid, & Co.’s -present establishment.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_220" id="Footnote_220"></a><a href="#FNanchor_220"><span class="label">[220]</span></a> John Henderson (1747-85) -was known as the “Bath -Roscius” from his success at -Bath under John Palmer. -After a great career at Drury -Lane, he died at his house -in Buckingham Street, Adelphi, -November 25, 1785, it was -said from a poison accidentally -given to him by his wife. -In addition to his Hogarths, -he collected books relating -to the drama. His library was -described by the auctioneer -who dispersed it as “the -completest assemblage of -English dramatic authors that -has ever been exhibited for -sale in this country.” It contained -many books of crimes -and marvels.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_221" id="Footnote_221"></a><a href="#FNanchor_221"><span class="label">[221]</span></a> John Ireland (died 1808) -must not be confounded with -the Shakespearian impostor. -He was brought up to watchmaking -in Maiden Lane. With -Henderson he frequented the -Feathers Tavern in Leicester -Fields, and he wrote -the actor’s biography. He is -best known by his <cite>Illustrations -to Hogarth</cite>, published -by Boydell, and containing -his portrait by Mortimer as -frontispiece to the third volume.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_222" id="Footnote_222"></a><a href="#FNanchor_222"><span class="label">[222]</span></a> The employee is better remembered -than the employer. -William Seguier (1771-1843), -topographical landscape-painter -and picture restorer, was -appointed Keeper of the Royal -Pictures by George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> He -was also the first director of -the National Gallery. Haydon -pays him this tribute: “June -19, 1811. Seguier called, on -whose judgment Wilkie and I -so much rely. If Seguier coincides -with us we are satisfied, -and often we are convinced -we are wrong if Seguier -disagrees.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_223" id="Footnote_223"></a><a href="#FNanchor_223"><span class="label">[223]</span></a> Carlo Antonio Delpini, the -best clown of his day, played -at Drury Lane and Covent -Garden. He devised many -stage mechanisms for pantomimes. -In 1783 he arranged a -masquerade at the Pantheon -in celebration of the coming of -age of the Prince of Wales, -from whom in his old age he -received a gift of £200. Delpini, -we are told, had a presentiment -that he should not die -till the year “eight,” which -was realised, for he died in the -year 1828, at the age of 88. -He was born in the parish of -St. Martin, at Rome, and drew -his last breath in the parish -of St. Martin, London (to be -precise, in Lancaster Court, -Strand).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_224" id="Footnote_224"></a><a href="#FNanchor_224"><span class="label">[224]</span></a> John Palmer (1742-98), -the original Joseph Surface, -was known off the stage -as Jack Plausible. Once, in -patching up a quarrel with -Sheridan, he said: “If you -could see my heart, Mr. -Sheridan,” and was answered, -“Why, Jack, you forget I -wrote it.” The Royalty -Theatre, at which Smith hoped -to be employed by him, was -the ill-starred house in Well -Street, in St. George’s in the -East. The opposition of the -great theatres caused its degeneration -to a house for -pantomimes and concerts. -Palmer fell into debt and into -Surrey Gaol. Nevertheless -he appeared at Drury Lane as -late as 1798. He is described -by Charles Lamb as “a gentleman -with a slight infusion of -the footman,” for which reason -“Jack in Dick Amlet was -insuperable.” Palmer died on -the stage. His last uttered -words, spoken in <cite>The Stranger</cite>, -are said to have been: “There -is another and a better world,” -but this has been disputed: -it is contended that the words -really uttered by him as he -fell were those in the fourth -act: “I left them at a small -town hard by.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_225" id="Footnote_225"></a><a href="#FNanchor_225"><span class="label">[225]</span></a> Just forty years after -Smith’s visit, in 1869, a correspondent -of <cite>Notes and Queries</cite> -had the curiosity to make a -similar journey of discovery. -He found only one of the -dolphin knockers remaining, -that on the door of No. 6. -In June 1903 I found that -this had gone the way of all -men and knockers, but I am -told it was there up to the early -nineties. The neighbourhood -can still show a few door-knockers -of ancient types. -There are old lion’s head-and-ring -knockers in Gunpowder -Alley and Hind Court. At -No. 3 Red Lion Court is a -good knocker, into which is -introduced a bat with outstretched -wings. The old -knocker of No. 9 Bell’s Buildings, -Salisbury Square, is -adorned with the figure of a -naked boy playing on a -pipe. There is a fine example -of a dolphin knocker at 25 -Queen Anne’s Gate.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_226" id="Footnote_226"></a><a href="#FNanchor_226"><span class="label">[226]</span></a> The Garrat mock elections -have often been described. -Garrat was a rural spot between -Wandsworth and Tooting. A -committee organised to protect -the village common from encroachments -developed into a -roaring municipal farce which -was repeated after every -General Election. The publicans -of the southern villages -willingly subscribed to the carnival, -and reaped handsome -profits; while Foote spread -the fame and vogue of the -elections by his farce <cite>The -Mayor of Garrat</cite>. A mock -knighthood was given, as a -matter of course, to each -mayor on his election. The -first recorded mayor was Sir -John Harper, a retailer of -brick-dust, and the next, the -most famous of all, Sir Jeffery -Dunstan, a humorous vagabond -whose ostensible trade -was in old wigs. He was -constantly portrayed, or used -as the basis of caricature. In -one print he is seen standing -on a stool, asking “How far is -it from the first of August to -Westminster Bridge?” “Sir -Jeffery” used his tongue with -great freedom, and the authorities -were so destitute of humour -as to arrest him and obtain -his imprisonment. The next -Mayor of Garrat was Sir Harry -Dinsdale. He was born in -Shug Lane, Haymarket, in -1758, and appears to have -haunted the Soho neighbourhood, -for he married a woman -out of St. Anne’s workhouse. -He died in 1811.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_227" id="Footnote_227"></a><a href="#FNanchor_227"><span class="label">[227]</span></a> It must have been from his -house No. 37, on the north side -of Gerrard Street, now a -restaurant, but retaining its -old appearance and marked by -a commemorative tablet, that -Burke went to Westminster -Hall on May 10, 1787, to -impeach Warren Hastings. Of -Burke’s life in Gerrard Street -we have no nearer glimpse than -that given by Smith.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_228" id="Footnote_228"></a><a href="#FNanchor_228"><span class="label">[228]</span></a> General John Money (1752-1817) -was one of the earliest -of English aeronauts. It was -in an ascent from Norwich, -July 22, 1785, that he was -carried out to sea, where he -“remained for seven hours -struggling with his fate” before -he was rescued.—Philip -Reinagle, R.A. (1749-1833), -was an animal, landscape, and -dead game painter. Examples -of his landscape work are at -South Kensington.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_229" id="Footnote_229"></a><a href="#FNanchor_229"><span class="label">[229]</span></a> The Charles Greville here -referred to was an early -patron of Lawrence at Oxford, -when the artist was a mere -boy; also of Romney, whose -portrait of Wortley Montague, -the eccentric pseudo-Turk, he -both bought and copied.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_230" id="Footnote_230"></a><a href="#FNanchor_230"><span class="label">[230]</span></a> Sir William Hamilton -(1730-1803), who married -Emma Hart, Nelson’s Lady -Hamilton, was a keen archæologist, -and made a magnificent -collection of Greek -vases, which he sold to the -British Museum. He purchased the Barberini, or -“Portland,” vase from Byres, -the architect, and sold it for -1800 guineas to the Duchess -of Portland, in the sale of -whose property it was bought -by the family in 1829 for -£1029. On February 7, 1745, -after its acquisition by the -British Museum (Montagu -House), it was wantonly broken -in pieces by a visitor named -William Lloyd, who was sentenced -to a fine or imprisonment. -The fine was paid -anonymously.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_231" id="Footnote_231"></a><a href="#FNanchor_231"><span class="label">[231]</span></a> Smith’s little present to -Sir George Beaumont is the -more interesting to us, because -of that painter’s well-known -love of brown, and his -dictum that “there ought to -be at least one brown tree -in every landscape.” Beaumont’s -name is inseparably -associated with the National -Gallery, and also with Wordsworth’s -noble poem on his -picture of Peele Castle in a -Storm, containing the lines—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Ah! then if mine had been the painter’s hand</div> -<div class="verse">To express what then I saw; and add the gleam,</div> -<div class="verse">The light that never was on sea or land,</div> -<div class="verse">The consecration, and the Poet’s dream,—</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">I would have planted thee, thou hoary pile,</div> -<div class="verse">Amid a world how different from this!</div> -<div class="verse">Beside a sea that could not cease to smile;</div> -<div class="verse">On tranquil land, beneath a sky of bliss.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_232" id="Footnote_232"></a><a href="#FNanchor_232"><span class="label">[232]</span></a> Henry Salt, the great -traveller and British consul-general -in Egypt. He sold -antiquities to the British -Museum, and had dealings, -resulting in a quarrel, with -Belzoni.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_233" id="Footnote_233"></a><a href="#FNanchor_233"><span class="label">[233]</span></a> Smith evidently refers to -the plan affected by Alexander -(not the greater John Rosher) -Cozens, of throwing a blot, -and then working it into a -landscape composition.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_234" id="Footnote_234"></a><a href="#FNanchor_234"><span class="label">[234]</span></a> Smith expresses himself -rather oddly here, for he -married only once, his wife -being Anne Maria Prickett, -who, after a union of forty-five -years, was left his widow.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_235" id="Footnote_235"></a><a href="#FNanchor_235"><span class="label">[235]</span></a> Sir James Winter Lake, -Bart., a man of wealth and -culture, compiled “Bibliotheca -Lakeana” (a catalogue of his -library) in 1808, and “British -Portraits and Historical Prints, -collected by J. W. L.” in -the same year. His extra-illustrated -<cite>Granger’s History</cite> -extended to forty large folio -volumes.</p> - -<p>Lady Lake is mentioned -in one of the many amusing -dialogues recorded by Smith -in his <cite>Life of Nollekens</cite>. -Panton Betew, the silversmith -of Old Compton Street, Soho, -talking to Nollekens of their -common memories, says: “Ay, -I know there were many very -clever things produced there -(at Bow); what very curious -heads for canes they made -at that manufactory! I -think Crowther was the proprietor’s -name; he had a -very beautiful daughter, who -is married to Sir James Lake. -Nat. Hone painted a portrait -of her, in the character of -Diana, and it was one of his -best pictures.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_236" id="Footnote_236"></a><a href="#FNanchor_236"><span class="label">[236]</span></a> Smith’s general meaning is -plain, but I cannot with confidence -explain the reference -to Tooley Street. It may be -no more than a slightly contemptuous -way of referring -to villa-building tradesmen -(nobodies, like the three -Tooley Street tailors) who at -that time were building their -Camomile Cottages in the -country.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_237" id="Footnote_237"></a><a href="#FNanchor_237"><span class="label">[237]</span></a> The part of Major Sturgeon, -J.P., “the fishmonger from -Brentford,” was played by -Foote in his own comedy, -<cite>The Mayor of Garratt</cite> (1763). -Sturgeon brags: “We had -some desperate duty, Sir -Jacob … such marchings -and counter-marchings from -Brentford to Ealing, from -Ealing to Acton, from Acton -to Uxbridge. Why, there was -our last expedition to Hounslow; -that day’s work carried -off Major Molassas.”… -Zoffany painted Foote in this -character.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_238" id="Footnote_238"></a><a href="#FNanchor_238"><span class="label">[238]</span></a> Elizabeth Canning (1734-73), -a domestic servant in -Aldermanbury, startled London -in 1753 by the circumstantial -story she told of her -capture in Moorfields, and her -subsequent imprisonment and -ill-treatment at Enfield by -“Mother Wells” and a gipsy -woman, Mary Squires. After -Squires had been condemned -to death, and Wells had been -burned in the hand, the case -was revised, with the result -that Squires was pardoned -and her accuser transported -for perjury. The affair, which -had originally come before -Henry Fielding, the novelist, -at Bow Street, aroused an -incredible amount of feeling -in London.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_239" id="Footnote_239"></a><a href="#FNanchor_239"><span class="label">[239]</span></a> <cite>The Merry Devil of Edmonton</cite> -was for long carelessly -attributed to Shakespeare. -Mr. Sidney Lee, -in his <cite>Shakespeare’s Life and -Work</cite>, says: “It is a delightful -comedy … but no sign -of Shakespeare’s workmanship -is apparent.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_240" id="Footnote_240"></a><a href="#FNanchor_240"><span class="label">[240]</span></a> Thomas King (1730-1805) -was a clever comedian. -His stage career in London -lasted fifty-four years. In -November 1789 he played the -part of Sir John Trotley in -Garrick’s <cite>Bon Ton, or High -Life above Stairs</cite>. “His -acting,” says Charles Lamb, -“left a taste on the palate -sharp and sweet as a quince; -with an old, hard, rough, -withered face, like a john-apple, -puckered up into a -thousand wrinkles; with -shrewd hints and tart replies.” -The prologue of <cite>Bon Ton</cite> has -these lines:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Ah! I loves life, and all the joys it yields—</div> -<div class="verse">Says Madam Fussock, warm from Spital-fields.</div> -<div class="verse">Bone Tone’s the space ’twixt Saturday and Monday,</div> -<div class="verse">And riding in a one-horse chair o’ Sunday!</div> -<div class="verse">’Tis drinking tea on summer afternoons</div> -<div class="verse">At Bagnigge-Wells, with China and gilt spoons!</div> -<div class="verse">’Tis laying by our stuffs, red cloaks, and pattens,</div> -<div class="verse">To dance <em>Cow-tillions</em>, all in silks and sattins!”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_241" id="Footnote_241"></a><a href="#FNanchor_241"><span class="label">[241]</span></a> Skelton says of Eleanor -Rumming—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“She breweth noppy ale,</div> -<div class="verse">And maketh thereof fast sale</div> -<div class="verse">To travellers, to tinkers.</div> -<div class="verse">To sweaters, to swinkers,</div> -<div class="verse">And all good ale-drinkers.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The woman kept an alehouse -at Leatherhead, which, -it is thought, Skelton may -have visited when staying with -his royal master at Nonsuch -Palace. It has been claimed, -however, on interesting evidence, -that her alehouse was -“Two-pot House,” between -Cambridge and Hardwicke. -(See <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>, -Nov. 1794, and <cite>Chambers’ Book -of Days</cite> under June 21.)</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_242" id="Footnote_242"></a><a href="#FNanchor_242"><span class="label">[242]</span></a> This passage in St. Martin’s -Lane was built by a Mr. -May, who lived in a house of -his own design in St. Martin’s -Lane. Here Smith himself -lived at his father’s house, -the Rembrandt Head, No. 18, -for some years; the house is -now absorbed in Messrs. -Harrison’s printing establishment. -I have found no trace -of Hartry, the valiant cupper, -but only of a dentist of that -name, who may have been -his son.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_243" id="Footnote_243"></a><a href="#FNanchor_243"><span class="label">[243]</span></a> John Adams, teacher of -mathematics, published <cite>The -Mathematician’s Companion</cite> -(1796). “The following use -was made of Hogarth’s plates -of the Idle and Industrious -Apprentices, by the late John -Adams, of Edmonton, schoolmaster. -The prints were -framed and hung up in the -schoolroom, and Adams, once -a month, after reading a lecture -upon their vicious and virtuous -examples, rewarded those boys -who had conducted themselves -well, and caned those -who had behaved ill” (Smith: -<cite>Nollekens</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_244" id="Footnote_244"></a><a href="#FNanchor_244"><span class="label">[244]</span></a> Samuel Ireland was father -of William Henry Ireland, who -forged Shakespearean MSS. and -put forward the spurious play -<cite>Vortigern</cite>. In his well-known -<cite>Graphic Illustrations of Hogarth</cite> -he proves himself rather “a -snapper-up of unconsidered -trifles than a contributor -of serviceable information” -(Austin Dobson: <cite>William -Hogarth</cite>: enlarged ed. 1898). -This work must not be confused -with John Ireland’s <cite>Hogarth -Illustrated</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_245" id="Footnote_245"></a><a href="#FNanchor_245"><span class="label">[245]</span></a> Perhaps it was an ordnance -map mistake. “On the south -side of Nag’s Head Lane, near -Ponder’s End, is a deep well, -probably the brick conduit -noted in Ogilby’s roads 1698, -and known by the name of -Tim Ringer’s Well (King’s -Ring Well, 2076 in the ordnance -map), which was formerly considered -infallible as a remedy -for inflammation of the eyes” -(Hodson and Ford: <cite>History of -Enfield</cite>, 1873).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_246" id="Footnote_246"></a><a href="#FNanchor_246"><span class="label">[246]</span></a> Durance, or Durants, was -visited by James <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> when it was -the home of Sir Henry Wroth, -to whom Ben Jonson wrote -his lines—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“How blessed art thou, canst love the country, Wroth</div> -<div class="verse center">…</div> -<div class="verse">And though so near the City and the Court,</div> -<div class="verse">Art ta’en with neither’s vice or sport.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Wroth’s executors sold the -manor to Sir Thomas Stringer, -who married a daughter of -Judge Jeffreys.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_247" id="Footnote_247"></a><a href="#FNanchor_247"><span class="label">[247]</span></a> “But above all, I must not -forget the Tulip Tree, the -largest and biggest that ever -was seen; there being but one -more in Great Britain (as I -am informed), and that at -the Lord Peterborough’s. It -blows with innumerable flowers -in the months of June and -July” (John Farmer: <cite>History -of Waltham Abbey</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_248" id="Footnote_248"></a><a href="#FNanchor_248"><span class="label">[248]</span></a> Known as Cheshunt House -or the Great House. When -Smith visited it in 1791, it had -been much modernised. There -is no evidence, says Thorne -(<cite>Environs of London</cite>), that -the o’er great Cardinal ever -lived there. Ten years after -Smith’s visit, the Rev. Charles -Mayo pulled down the larger -part of the building in order -to repair the remainder. After -his time it remained desolate -and neglected.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_249" id="Footnote_249"></a><a href="#FNanchor_249"><span class="label">[249]</span></a> Cornelius Janssen (1590-1665) -is best remembered for -his portrait of Milton as a boy, -engraved in the first volume -of Professor Masson’s Life of -the poet. His original portrait -of Sir Hugh Myddelton, now -in the committee room of -the Goldsmiths’ Hall, represents -the great engineer with -his left hand resting on a conch -from which a stream of water -gushes; over this are inscribed -the words: “Fontes Fondinæ.” -This portrait was presented to -the Company by Lady Myddelton.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_250" id="Footnote_250"></a><a href="#FNanchor_250"><span class="label">[250]</span></a> Robert Lemon, the archivist. -He discovered Milton’s -“De Doctrina Christiania,” -and gave assistance to Sir -Walter Scott.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_251" id="Footnote_251"></a><a href="#FNanchor_251"><span class="label">[251]</span></a> Sir Robert Strange was -engraver to Prince Charles. -His distinguished career was -chequered by his political sympathies, and by his bitter -criticism of the Royal Academy, -in consequence, partly, -of its exclusion of engravers. -Knighted by George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> (after -he had engraved West’s apotheosis -of the three royal children), -he died in his last London -home in Great Queen Street, -July 5, 1792. See note, <a href="#Page_82">p. 82</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_252" id="Footnote_252"></a><a href="#FNanchor_252"><span class="label">[252]</span></a> The bill of which Smith -gives particulars is quoted in -full by William Hookham -Carpenter in his <cite>Pictorial -Notices of Sir Anthony Van -Dyck</cite> (1844). “It is more -than probable that the account -had been submitted to the -supervision of Bishop Juxon, -who, by the influence of Archbishop -Laud, was appointed -to the office of Lord Treasurer -in 1635, which he held till 1641; -and Anthony Wood tells us -‘he kept the King’s purse -when necessities were deepest, -and clamours were loudest.’” -Vandyke had from Charles, -in addition to payments against -pictures, an annuity of £200 -a year and houses at Blackfriars -and Eltham.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_253" id="Footnote_253"></a><a href="#FNanchor_253"><span class="label">[253]</span></a> On February 23. After -lying in state in the Royal -Academy, the remains of Sir -Joshua Reynolds were interred, -on Saturday, March 3, in the -crypt of St. Paul’s Cathedral, -near the resting-place of Sir -Christopher Wren. The pall -was borne by ten peers, and -the Archbishop of York took -part in the service.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_254" id="Footnote_254"></a><a href="#FNanchor_254"><span class="label">[254]</span></a> Burke’s tribute had appeared -in the <cite>Annual Register</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_255" id="Footnote_255"></a><a href="#FNanchor_255"><span class="label">[255]</span></a> Lieut.-Colonel Molesworth -Phillips, whose career links -Dr. Johnson to Charles Lamb, -was the companion of Captain -Cook on his last voyage. His -marriage in 1782 to Susannah -Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. -Charles Burney, and sister of -Fanny Burney, brought him -into the Johnson set. He -escorted Miss Burney to Westminster -Hall to hear Warren -Hastings on his defence. Lamb, -recalling his old whist-playing -friends in his “Letter of Elia to -Robert Southey,” names him as -“the high-minded associate -of Cook, the veteran Colonel, -with his lusty heart still sending -cartels of defiance to old -Time.” He died in 1832.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_256" id="Footnote_256"></a><a href="#FNanchor_256"><span class="label">[256]</span></a> Mrs. Cholmondeley, who -appears several times in -Boswell’s <cite>Life</cite>, was a younger -sister of Peg Woffington, and -the wife of the Hon. and Rev. -George Cholmondeley.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_257" id="Footnote_257"></a><a href="#FNanchor_257"><span class="label">[257]</span></a> “Sheridan had very fine -eyes, and he was very vain -of them. He said to Rogers -on his deathbed, ‘Tell Lady -Besborough that my eyes -will look up to the coffin-lid -as brightly as ever.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_258" id="Footnote_258"></a><a href="#FNanchor_258"><span class="label">[258]</span></a> The Old Bun House at -Chelsea flourished for nearly -a century and a half, and -yielded a livelihood to four -generations of the same family. -In its best days it was the -resort of royalty and rank. -Queen Charlotte presented -Mrs. Hand with a silver mug, -containing five guineas. The -shop had a pleasant arcaded -front, and, besides buns, offered -its customers the sight of a -number of curiosities. As -many as fifty thousand people -would assemble here on Good -Friday mornings, and it is -clear that Mrs. Hand had -reason to issue her curious -notice. The site of the Bun -House and its garden is on -the north side of the Pimlico -Road, between Union Street -and Westbourne Street. The -name of Bunhouse Place, at -the back, commemorates the -establishment, which disappeared -in 1839.</p> - -<p>The danger of a mob assembling -outside a London bun-shop -on Good Friday morning -has passed away. Mr. Henry -Attwell sadly observed, in -<cite>Notes and Queries</cite>, April 28, -1900, that “the last Good -Friday of the nineteenth century” -found the hot-cross -bun degenerated from a spiced -bun (“the spice recalling to -the few who cared about its -religious suggestiveness the -embalming of our Lord”) into -a vulgarised currant bun -marked with deep indentures -for convenience of division, -instead of the old slight cross -in which there was a touch -of mystery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_259" id="Footnote_259"></a><a href="#FNanchor_259"><span class="label">[259]</span></a> Roger L’Estrange, the -pamphleteer and miscellaneous -writer (1616-1704), was deprived -of his office of surveyor -and licenser of the press in 1688.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_260" id="Footnote_260"></a><a href="#FNanchor_260"><span class="label">[260]</span></a> <cite>The First Book of Architecture</cite>, -first published in -English in 1668.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_261" id="Footnote_261"></a><a href="#FNanchor_261"><span class="label">[261]</span></a> Then Montagu House. “I -apprehend,” says Smith, in his -<cite>Antient Topography of London</cite>, -“that the custom of inlaying, -or tesselating, wooden floors -commenced in England in the -reign of King Charles the -First, and ended in that of -Queen Anne. I have secured -patterns of four such floors: -two belonging to the reign of -Charles the First, and two to -that of Charles the Second. -No. 1 is from that part of -Whitehall lately inhabited -by the Duchess of Portland. -No. 2 is from Somerset House. -Nos. 3 and 4 are from the -present old gallery and waiting-room -in the Marquis of Stafford’s -house in Cleveland Row.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_262" id="Footnote_262"></a><a href="#FNanchor_262"><span class="label">[262]</span></a> One of the first exhibitors -before the establishment of -the Royal Academy (S.). -Keyse opened Bermondsey Spa -in 1770, and in 1780 obtained -a music licence. His greatest -bid for public favour was a -farewell representation of the -Siege of Gibraltar. The present -Spa Road crosses the site -of the gardens, which were -closed about 1805.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_263" id="Footnote_263"></a><a href="#FNanchor_263"><span class="label">[263]</span></a> See note, <a href="#Page_269">p. 269</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_264" id="Footnote_264"></a><a href="#FNanchor_264"><span class="label">[264]</span></a> George Adams (died 1773) -and his son George (died 1796) -were mathematical instrument -makers to George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> A book -by the father on Terrestrial -Globes was supplied with a -dedication to the King by -Dr. Johnson.—Peter Dollond -(1730-1820) was second in the -line of opticians. He was -succeeded by his nephew, -George Huggins, who assumed -the name of Dollond.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_265" id="Footnote_265"></a><a href="#FNanchor_265"><span class="label">[265]</span></a> A critic wrote:</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse indent5">“Keyse’s mutton</div> -<div class="verse">Show’d how the painter had a strife</div> -<div class="verse">With nature, to outdo the life.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Keyse’s realism had been -anticipated by such painters -as Jordaens and Snyder, whose -butcher’s meat remains painfully -juicy in the galleries of -Brussels and Antwerp.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_266" id="Footnote_266"></a><a href="#FNanchor_266"><span class="label">[266]</span></a> “Mrs. Wrighten had a -vivacious manner and a bewitching -smile, and her ‘Hunting -Song’ was popular” -(Wroth: <cite>London Pleasure -Gardens</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_267" id="Footnote_267"></a><a href="#FNanchor_267"><span class="label">[267]</span></a> Captain Edward Topham -(1751-1820), after a brilliant -regimental career in the Horse -Guards, gave himself up to -fashion and drama. He produced -several plays, and in -1787 founded the <cite>World</cite>, a -scurrilous daily paper, which -brought him into the law -courts. In Rowlandson’s -well-known <cite>Vauxhall</cite>, the -foremost figure in the crowd -is an elderly beau, standing -bolt upright, and defying -through his glass the stare of -a gaudy female of mature -years who has found another -cavalier. This is Captain, afterwards -Major, Topham. He -wrote the life of Elwes, the -miser.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_268" id="Footnote_268"></a><a href="#FNanchor_268"><span class="label">[268]</span></a> Jonas Blewitt, who died -in 1805, lived at Bermondsey, -near the Spa Gardens, for -which he wrote many songs. -He wrote a <cite>Treatise on the -Organ</cite>, and must not be confused -with his son, the better-known -Jonathan Blewitt, the -musical director of the Surrey -Theatre.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_269" id="Footnote_269"></a><a href="#FNanchor_269"><span class="label">[269]</span></a> Jonathan Battishill (1738-1801), -composer, organist of -Christ Church, Newgate Street, -and St. Clement’s, Eastcheap, -first became known by his -music to the song “Kate of -Aberdeen.” His anthems were -sung in St. Paul’s Cathedral, -and he set many of Charles -Wesley’s hymns to music.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_270" id="Footnote_270"></a><a href="#FNanchor_270"><span class="label">[270]</span></a> Smith underlines <em>Joseph</em> to -distinguish him from his better-known -brother, James Caulfield, -who was the author -and printseller, and the publisher -of much “Remarkable -Persons” literature. Joseph -Caulfield was a musical engraver, -and a capable teacher -of the pianoforte. He lived -in Camden Town.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_271" id="Footnote_271"></a><a href="#FNanchor_271"><span class="label">[271]</span></a> John Montagu, fourth -Earl of Sandwich (1718-92), -“was the soul of the Catch -Club, and one of the Directors -of the Concert of Ancient -Music, but he had not the least -real ear for music, and was -equally insensible of harmony -and melody” (Charles Butler’s -<cite>Reminiscences</cite>). It was his -treachery to Wilkes that gave -Lord Sandwich his popular -nickname, Jemmy Twitcher, -taken from Macheath’s words -in the <cite>Beggar’s Opera</cite>: “That -Jemmy Twitcher should peach -me, I own surprised me.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_272" id="Footnote_272"></a><a href="#FNanchor_272"><span class="label">[272]</span></a> About the year 1770 Battishill -wrote this glee in a competition -for a gold medal -offered by the Noblemen’s -Catch Club.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_273" id="Footnote_273"></a><a href="#FNanchor_273"><span class="label">[273]</span></a> Smith had been Morland’s -fellow-student at the Royal -Academy, and they had frequently -walked home together. -Among his innumerable addresses, -Morland had several -in the Fitzroy Square region.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_274" id="Footnote_274"></a><a href="#FNanchor_274"><span class="label">[274]</span></a> Otter’s Pool was a country -house at Aldenham, Herts, -afterwards for many years -the seat of Sir James Shaw -Willes, the judge of common -pleas.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_275" id="Footnote_275"></a><a href="#FNanchor_275"><span class="label">[275]</span></a> Surrey Chapel is now occupied -by a large machinery -firm. Rowland Hill used to -say, in allusion to its octagonal -form, that he liked a round -building because there were -no corners for the devil to -hide in. Here he won the -devotion of his congregation -and the esteem of the many -distinguished people who -came to hear him. Sheridan -said: “I go to hear Rowland -Hill because his ideas come red-hot -from the heart.” Dean -Milner said to him, “Mr. -Hill! Mr. Hill! I felt to-day -’tis this slap-dash preaching, -say what they will, that does -all the good.” He died at his -house in Blackfriars Road, -April 11, 1833, aged 88, and -was buried in a vault under his -pulpit.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_276" id="Footnote_276"></a><a href="#FNanchor_276"><span class="label">[276]</span></a> This fanatical advocate of -Charles the First’s execution -(at St. Margaret’s, Westminster) -was one of the -regicides executed in 1660.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_277" id="Footnote_277"></a><a href="#FNanchor_277"><span class="label">[277]</span></a> Smith is nowhere mentioned -by Lamb, and other -evidence of their acquaintance -is wanting.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_278" id="Footnote_278"></a><a href="#FNanchor_278"><span class="label">[278]</span></a> George Frost (1754-1821) -is remembered as the intimate -friend of Constable. Smart -was John Smart (1740-1811), -the miniature painter. He -died in London.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“His genius lov’d his Country’s native views;</div> -<div class="verse">Its taper spires, green lawns, or sheltered farms;</div> -<div class="verse">He touch’d each scene with Nature’s genuine hues,</div> -<div class="verse">And gave the <em>Suffolk</em> landscape all its charms.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_279" id="Footnote_279"></a><a href="#FNanchor_279"><span class="label">[279]</span></a> Smith had evidently asked -Constable to ascertain for him -the exact date of Gainsborough’s -birth. This is still -uncertain: it took place in -Sepulchre Street, Sudbury, at -the end of April or beginning -of May 1727. He was baptized -on 14th May of that year in -the Independent meeting-house -in Sudbury.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_280" id="Footnote_280"></a><a href="#FNanchor_280"><span class="label">[280]</span></a> James Gubbins was a subscriber -to Smith’s <cite>Remarks on -Rural Scenery</cite> (1797), a volume -of etchings of cottage and -rural scenes around London. -One of its drawings represents -a squatter’s shanty in Epping -Forest, bowered in trees, and is -entitled “Lady Plomer’s Palace -on the summit of Hawke’s -Hill Wood, Epping Forest.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_281" id="Footnote_281"></a><a href="#FNanchor_281"><span class="label">[281]</span></a> The Minories drawing referred -to by Constable was -Smith’s etching in his <cite>Antient -Topography</cite> of the north and -east walls of the Convent of -St. Clare, the remains of which -were destroyed by fire on -March 23, 1797. Only a year -before, Mr. John Cranch (the -C——h of Constable’s letter) -had presented Smith with a -sketch of the convent. Constable, therefore, refers to the -swift supersession of Cranch’s -sketch by Smith’s drawing -after the fire.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_282" id="Footnote_282"></a><a href="#FNanchor_282"><span class="label">[282]</span></a> Elizabeth Pope died on -15th March of this year, aged -52. The funeral to the -Abbey was met everywhere -by great crowds. Her abilities -had not been dimmed by -those of Garrick, Mrs. Siddons, -and Miss Farren, and her -private life was blameless. -The resemblance she bore to -Lady Sarah Lennox was such -that George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, seeing her -act late in her career, exclaimed -to his queen, “She -is like Lady Sarah still.” -There is a fine story of her -parting with Garrick. On -June 8, 1776, his last appearance -but one, when he was -playing Lear to her Cordelia, -Garrick said to her with a -sigh: “Ah, Bess! this is the -last time of my being your -father; you must now look -out for someone else to adopt -you.” “Then, sir,” she exclaimed, -dropping on her -knees, “give me a father’s -blessing.” Garrick, deeply -touched, raised her, and said, -“God bless you!”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_283" id="Footnote_283"></a><a href="#FNanchor_283"><span class="label">[283]</span></a> Nevertheless Pope married -two more wives. His most lasting -affections appear to have -been set on table delicacies. -Once, when Kean asked him -to act with him at Dublin, -and take a benefit there, he -declined, saying: “I must be -at Plymouth at the time; -it is exactly the season for -mullet.” He maintained that -there was but one crime: -peppering a beef-steak.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_284" id="Footnote_284"></a><a href="#FNanchor_284"><span class="label">[284]</span></a> Pope had begun life as -a crayon portrait painter in -his birthplace, Cork. A -highly finished water-colour -portrait of Henry Grattan, -from his hand, is in the -British Museum Print Room.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_285" id="Footnote_285"></a><a href="#FNanchor_285"><span class="label">[285]</span></a> Francis Cotes, born in Cork -Street, 1725, was a foundation -member of the Royal -Academy, and famous for his -crayon portraits. He built -himself a house in Cavendish -Square (No. 32), in which -Romney afterwards lived for -twenty-one years, followed by -Sir Martin A. Shee. It was -demolished in 1904. The -British Museum has four -portrait subjects by Cotes -in crayon. He is poorly -represented in the National -Gallery by a small portrait -of Mrs. Brocas.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_286" id="Footnote_286"></a><a href="#FNanchor_286"><span class="label">[286]</span></a> Benjamin Green, born at -Halesowen, became a drawing-master -at Christ’s Hospital, -and member of the Incorporated -Society of Artists. -He published many topographical -plates, and engraved -the illustrations in Morant’s -<cite>History and Antiquities of the -County of Essex</cite> (1768). His -drawings of Canonbury Tower -and Highbury Barn are in -the British Museum Print -Room. He died about 1800.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_287" id="Footnote_287"></a><a href="#FNanchor_287"><span class="label">[287]</span></a> The Right Honourable -James Caulfield, first Earl of -Charlemont (1728-99), distinguished -himself in Ireland -politically; in London he -mixed with the Reynolds -and Johnson set and was a -member of the Dilettanti Club. -In the college at St. Andrews, -which Johnson and Boswell -playfully imagined might be -staffed by members of the -Literary Club, Lord Charlemont -was assigned the chair -of modern history, and it -was on Lord Charlemont that -Boswell, Burke, Sir Joshua -Reynolds, and others laid the -task of bringing Dr. Johnson’s -conversational powers into -play by asking him whether -a ludicrous statement in the -newspapers that he was taking -dancing lessons from Vestris -was true.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_288" id="Footnote_288"></a><a href="#FNanchor_288"><span class="label">[288]</span></a> Thomas Cheesman, who -had been pupil to Bartolozzi, -engraved “The Lady’s Last -Stake, or Picquet, or Virtue -in Danger,” after Hogarth. -He lived, successively, at 40 -Oxford Street, 71 Newman -Street, and 28 Francis Street. -His portrait, by Bartolozzi, is -in the National Portrait -Gallery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_289" id="Footnote_289"></a><a href="#FNanchor_289"><span class="label">[289]</span></a> Sir Lawrence Parsons -(1758-1841), afterwards Earl of -Rosse. Like Lord Charlemont, -he was opposed to the Union, -and twelve days after the -date of this letter he moved -in the Irish House of Commons -an address to the Crown to expunge -a paragraph in favour -of the Union. This was -carried by a majority of five -votes.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_290" id="Footnote_290"></a><a href="#FNanchor_290"><span class="label">[290]</span></a> Had James Barry possessed -no more than a tithe of -the suavity of Reynolds or -West, his career would have -been more fortunate. In vain -Burke, his best friend, pointed -out that his business was to -paint, not to dispute. He -used his chair of painting -at the Royal Academy to -vilify the members to the -students. In 1799 the climax -arrived, and the Academicians -resolved on his expulsion. -The King consented, and the -following entry appears in the -records: “I have struck out -the adjoining name, in consequence -of the opinion entered -in the minutes of the Council, -and of the General Meeting, -which I fully approve. April -23, 1779.—G. R.” No -work of Barry’s is in the -National Gallery, but he has -an enduring memorial in his -six great paintings in the -hall of the Society of Arts, -John Street. Here he finally -lay in state among his works—as -Haydon said, “a pall -worthy of the corpse.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_291" id="Footnote_291"></a><a href="#FNanchor_291"><span class="label">[291]</span></a> John Brand (1744-1806), -the excellent historian of -Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and -author of the <cite>Popular Antiquities</cite>. -He came to London -in 1784, to fill the rectory -of St. Mary-at-Hill. In the -same year he was appointed -Resident Secretary of the -Society of Antiquaries, but -he continued to discharge his -duties in the City, and died -there, suddenly, in his rectory. -He was buried in the chancel -of his church.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_292" id="Footnote_292"></a><a href="#FNanchor_292"><span class="label">[292]</span></a> The publication Flaxman -indicates, and to which he -wishes to subscribe, is Smith’s -important “Antiquities of -Westminster, the old Palace, -St. Stephen’s Chapel (now the -House of Commons).… -Containing two hundred and -forty-six engravings of topographical -subjects, of which -one hundred and twenty-two -no longer remain.”</p> - -<p>The reduction of the thickness -of the side walls of St. -Stephen’s Chapel from three -feet to one foot gave additional -four feet to the width -of the chamber. So soon as -the wainscotting was removed, -it was seen that the walls -were adorned with beautiful -paintings of scriptural and -historical subjects. The discovery -excited great interest, -both on account of the -antiquity of the paintings, -which were found to date -from Edward <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, and the -fact that they were painted -in oils and were consequently -among the earliest specimens -of that class of painting. -Smith obtained permission to -copy them. He began work -each morning, as soon as it -was light, and was followed so -closely by the workmen that -they sometimes demolished -in the afternoon the painting -he had copied in the morning. -This task occupied him for -six weeks. These valuable -drawings are engraved and -coloured in the <cite>Antiquities -of Westminster</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_293" id="Footnote_293"></a><a href="#FNanchor_293"><span class="label">[293]</span></a> Edward Hussey Delaval -(1729-1814) of Seaton-Delaval, -Northumberland, the chemist, -has a claim on the remembrance -of Londoners. In 1769 he -and Benjamin Franklin were -commissioned to report to the -Royal Society on the best -means of protecting St. Paul’s -from lightning. Parliament -Stairs, where his house stood, -was at the west end of the -present Houses of Parliament, -giving access to the river from -Abingdon Street. Delaval, -who traced his descent from -the Conqueror’s standard-bearer -at Hastings, died here, -aged 85.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_294" id="Footnote_294"></a><a href="#FNanchor_294"><span class="label">[294]</span></a> Parliament Stairs were open -several months in the summer -for the accommodation of -those gentlemen of Westminster -School, who practise the manly -and healthy exercise of rowing; -the key was held by Mr. Tyrwhitt, -whose servants regularly -opened and closed the gates -night and morning.—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_295" id="Footnote_295"></a><a href="#FNanchor_295"><span class="label">[295]</span></a> John Carter, F.R.S. (1748-1817), -is airily described by -Michael Bryan as “a harmless -and inoffensive drudge.” He -was employed by the Society -of Antiquaries, and by Horace -Walpole and others. His -chief work, <cite>The Ancient Architecture -of England</cite>, occupied -him many years. Carter was -enthusiastically musical, but -the two operas on which he -ventured are forgotten.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_296" id="Footnote_296"></a><a href="#FNanchor_296"><span class="label">[296]</span></a> Richard Bentley, only son -of Dr. Bentley, the Master of -Trinity. He designed beautiful -illustrations for Walpole’s -<i lang="fr">edition-de-luxe</i> of six of Gray’s -poems, including the <cite>Elegy</cite>, -and gave much assistance in -the architectural treatment of -Strawberry Hill. Walpole was -under no delusion about their -joint experiments in Gothic. -“Neither Mr. Bentley nor my -workmen had <em>studied</em> the -science,” he wrote to Thomas -Barrett (June 5, 1788); “my -house therefore is but a sketch -for beginners.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_297" id="Footnote_297"></a><a href="#FNanchor_297"><span class="label">[297]</span></a> George Arnald (1763-1841) -is represented in the National -Gallery by one pleasing landscape, -hung in Room <span class="smcapuc">XX.</span>, “On -the Ouse, Yorkshire.” Some -of his London subjects are -reproduced by Smith in his -<cite>Westminster</cite>. His “View of -the Palace and Abbey,” painted -in 1803, just excludes Delaval’s -house on the left.—George -Francis Joseph, A.R.A. (1764-1846), -was a well-known portrait -painter in his day. He -is represented in the National -Gallery by portraits of Spencer, -Perceval, and Sir Stamford -Raffles, and in the British -Museum Print Room by a -water-colour portrait of -Charles Lamb, engravings -from which appear in many -editions of Lamb’s works.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_298" id="Footnote_298"></a><a href="#FNanchor_298"><span class="label">[298]</span></a> John Ker, third Duke of -Roxburgh (1740-1804), one of -the greatest of book-collectors, -lived at No. 11 St. James’s -Square. Smith’s epithet “the -late” appertains to the time -at which he wrote this passage.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_299" id="Footnote_299"></a><a href="#FNanchor_299"><span class="label">[299]</span></a> The case of Colonel Joseph -Wall was remarkable for the -culprit’s twenty years’ evasion -of justice. His crime was the -murder of a soldier while he -was Lieutenant-Governor of -Goree, in Senegambia, in 1782. -The command of the fort at -Goree was an inferior appointment, -usually given to some -claimant who stood in no great -favour with the War Minister, -and the troops of the garrison -were commonly regiments in -disgrace. Wall exercised his -authority with great cruelty, -and in 1782 punished Benjamin -Armstrong, a sergeant, with a -wilful severity which resulted -in his death. Aware of the -nature of his action, Wall fled -to France. He then came to -England, and was tried by -court-martial for cruelty; but -the proceedings hung fire, and -he went to reside at Bath. He -was re-arrested in 1784, but -escaped to the Continent. -Finally, in 1797, he wrote to -the Home Secretary, offering -to stand his trial for murder. -He was tried, and sentenced -to death, and, though the -likelihood of a reprieve seemed -great, was hanged outside -Newgate, January 28, 1802.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_300" id="Footnote_300"></a><a href="#FNanchor_300"><span class="label">[300]</span></a> The <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite> -records that Dr. Forde, the -Ordinary of Newgate, was “a -very worthy man, and was -much and deservedly esteemed -by the City magistrates, who, -on his retirement from office, -settled on him an annuity -which provided for the comforts -of his latter days.” Dr. -Forde no doubt satisfied the -City authorities, but the Parliamentary -Committee which -investigated the state of the -prison in 1814 reported: -“Beyond his attendance in -chapel, and on those who are -sentenced to death, Dr. Forde -feels but few duties to be -attached to his office. He -knows nothing of the state -of morals in the prison; he -never sees any of the prisoners -in private; … he never knows -that any have been sick till -he gets a warning to attend -their funeral; and does not -go to the infirmary, for it is -not in his instructions.” Dr. -Forde was succeeded by the -Rev. Mr. Cotton, who first -officiated August 8, 1814.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_301" id="Footnote_301"></a><a href="#FNanchor_301"><span class="label">[301]</span></a> Maria Cosway, wife of -Richard Cosway, the miniaturist.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_302" id="Footnote_302"></a><a href="#FNanchor_302"><span class="label">[302]</span></a> Black Boy Alley was -notorious in the eighteenth -century, and at one time was -infested by a gang who drowned -their victims in the Fleet River. -No fewer than twenty-one -were executed at once, after -which the humour of the neighbourhood -called the place Jack -Ketch’s Common. In 1802, -and earlier, Black Boy Alley -was the scene of a weekly display -of badger-baiting.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_303" id="Footnote_303"></a><a href="#FNanchor_303"><span class="label">[303]</span></a> In the eighteenth century, -Epping sent butter and sausages -to the London market, -but the industry declined long -ago.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_304" id="Footnote_304"></a><a href="#FNanchor_304"><span class="label">[304]</span></a> Pie Corner was at the -Smithfield end of Giltspur -Street, a short distance north -from the Old Bailey. “A very -fine dirty place,” is D’Urfey’s -description of this spot, where -the Great Fire of London ended. -It was long famous for its -greasy cook-shops.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_305" id="Footnote_305"></a><a href="#FNanchor_305"><span class="label">[305]</span></a> In his <cite>Nollekens</cite> Smith puts -the same jibe into the mouth -of John Hamilton Mortimer, -the painter. “Mortimer made -Dr. Arne, who had a very -red face with staring eyes, -furiously angry by telling him -that his eyes looked ‘like two -oysters just opened for sauce -put upon an oval side-dish of -beet-root.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_306" id="Footnote_306"></a><a href="#FNanchor_306"><span class="label">[306]</span></a> Peter Coxe, an auctioneer, -and the author of a poem in -four cantos called “The Social -Day,” published in 1823. He -wrote also “The Exposé, or -Napoleon Buonaparte unmasked -in a Condensed Statement -of his Career and -Atrocities” (1809). His -emollient has escaped my -search. Coxe was one of a -long line of well-known men -who lived in the middle one -of the three houses into which -Schomberg House, Pall Mall, -was divided. He died in -1844.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_307" id="Footnote_307"></a><a href="#FNanchor_307"><span class="label">[307]</span></a> This generous woman, better -known under the lawful title of -Lady Hamilton, when I showed -her my etching of the funeral -procession of her husband’s -friend, the immortal Nelson, -fainted and fell into my arms; -and, believe me, reader, her -mouth was equal to any production -of Greek sculpture I have -yet seen (S.).—Smith’s etching -was entitled, “An Accurate -View (drawn and etched by -J. T. Smith, Engraver of the -<cite>Antiquities of London and -Westminster</cite>) from the house -of W. Tunnard, Esq., on the -Bankside, adjoining the Scite -of Shakespeare’s Theatre, on -Wednesday the 8th January -1806, when the remains of the -great Admiral Lord Nelson -were brought from Greenwich -to Whitehall.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_308" id="Footnote_308"></a><a href="#FNanchor_308"><span class="label">[308]</span></a></p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“The Fair One, whose charms did the Barber enthral,</div> -<div class="verse">At the end of Fleet Market of fish kept a stall:</div> -<div class="verse">As red as her cheek no boil’d lobster was seen,</div> -<div class="verse">Not an eel that she sold was as soft as her skin.”</div> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse right"><span class="smcap">The Barber’s Nuptials</span>.</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_309" id="Footnote_309"></a><a href="#FNanchor_309"><span class="label">[309]</span></a> From <cite>The Wife’s Trial</cite>, -Lamb’s dramatic version of -Crabbe’s <cite>Confidant</cite>. See Mr. -Lucas’s <cite>Works of Charles and -Mary Lamb</cite>, vol. v. p. 257.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_310" id="Footnote_310"></a><a href="#FNanchor_310"><span class="label">[310]</span></a> All previous relic-selling at -Newgate was, however, eclipsed -by the sale held in the -partly demolished prison on -Wednesday, 4th February -1903. The following account -appeared in the <cite>City Press</cite> -of 7th February:—</p> - -<p>“In its way, probably, the -sale which Messrs. Douglas -Young & Co. conducted in the -middle of the week, within -the gloomy precincts of crime-stricken -Newgate, was the -most unique and memorable -of its kind ever held. Crowds -of the curious and speculative -were naturally attracted to -the fortress prison site.</p> - -<p>“Interest more particularly -hovered around the old toll -bell, with its famous loyal -inscription, and solid ton of -metal. The hour was late -when the lot (No. 188 in the -catalogue) was reached, but -that circumstance did not in -any way detract from the -briskness of the bidding. -Starting at £30, the offers -rapidly mounted; and, finally, -the prized souvenir of many -a tragic decade passed into -the hands of Mr. Richardson -(acting as agent for Madame -Tussaud’s) for the exact sum -of £100. The old flagstaff, -whence the black flag was -hoisted immediately after an -execution had taken place, fell -to the enterprise of Mr. Fox, -a Cape gentleman, who, for -11½ guineas, has ensured that -in future the Union Jack -shall flutter in South African -breezes from its fateful masthead.</p> - -<p>“The famous oak and iron-cased -half-latticed door associated -with memories of Mrs. -Elizabeth Fry, of philanthropic -fame, went for £20; while -Sir George Chubb secured for -£30, amidst some cheering, -the wonderful old massive oak -and iron-bound half-latticed -main entrance door that was -fixed up when the prison was -rebuilt after the Great Fire -of 1666. A warder’s key-cupboard, -fitted with shelf and -iron hooks—identical with the -one referred to in <cite>Barnaby -Rudge</cite>—extracted £12, 10s. -from the pockets of the bidder; -while the appointments of the -condemned cells, both male -and female, realised fairly good -prices—the former in particular.</p> - -<p>“The chapel pulpit, at -£8, 10s., was a distinctly disappointing -figure; while it cannot -be said that £5, 15s. was an -extravagant sum to pay for -the complete equipment of the -execution shed. The taste for -criminology, in the shape of -the plaster casts of the heads -of nine victims of the gallows, -worked out at five guineas.</p> - -<p>“Some of the liveliest bidding -of the day took place over -the numerous lots of copper -washing bowls, in which the -inmates of Newgate testified -that cleanliness was next to -godliness. The lowest price -realised was £2, 12s. 6d. for a -set of three bowls; while sets -of four realised, on several -occasions, as much as £5. -Altogether it was a sale in -which monotony and curiosity -singularly intermingled, and, -withal, one ever to be remembered -by those who happened -to be present.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_311" id="Footnote_311"></a><a href="#FNanchor_311"><span class="label">[311]</span></a> The flying physician of -the Chapter Coffee House was -Dr. William Buchan, who, in -the last half of the eighteenth -century, was regularly consulted -at this coffee-house in -St. Paul’s Alley by ailing bookmen. -His advice frequently -took this form: “Now, let -me prescribe for you. Here, -John, bring a glass of punch -for Mr.——, unless he likes -brandy and water better. -Take that, sir, and I’ll warrant -you’ll soon be well. You’re a -peg too low, you want stimulus, -and if one glass won’t do, -call for a second.” His place -was in a box in the north-east -corner of the room, known -as the “Wittenagemot,” where -he not only prescribed, but -acted as an arbiter of debate. -James Montgomery, in his -<cite>Memoirs</cite>, describes him as “of -venerable aspect, neat in his -dress, his hair tied behind -with a large ribbon, and a -gold-headed cane in his hand, -quite realising my idea of an -Esculapian dignitary.”</p> - -<p>Buchan was, indeed, a -physician of repute, and his -<cite>Domestic Medicine, or the -Family Physician</cite>, was not -only the first English work of -its kind, but ran into nineteen -large editions. It was said -that the publishers gave him -£700 down for it, and reaped -£700 a year. In Russia and -in America and the West -Indies the book was welcomed. -The Empress Catherine sent -the author a gold medallion -and a complimentary letter.</p> - -<p>To members of the Society -of Friends the career of this -genial doctor is of some interest, -inasmuch as at one time he -was physician to the Yorkshire -branch of the Foundling -Hospital at Ackworth, an unfortunate -institution which in -1779 was taken over by this -Society, to become the flourishing -and historic school of -to-day. Buchan lived many -years with his son at No. 6 -Percy Street, Rathbone Place, -and died there February 25, -1806, aged seventy-six. He -was buried in the west cloister -of Westminster Abbey, near -Dr. Richard Jebb, and Wollett, -the engraver.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_312" id="Footnote_312"></a><a href="#FNanchor_312"><span class="label">[312]</span></a> Flockton was for nearly -half a century a showman at -St. Bartholomew’s and Sturbridge -Fairs. These lines appeared -on some of his bills:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“To raise the soul by means of wood and wire,</div> -<div class="verse">To Screw the fancy up a few pegs higher;</div> -<div class="verse">In miniature to show the world at large,</div> -<div class="verse">As folks conceive a ship who’ve seen a barge,</div> -<div class="verse">This is the scope of all our actors’ play,</div> -<div class="verse">Who hope their <em>wooden</em> aims will not be thrown away!”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>He died at Camberwell, April -12, 1794, leaving £5000, most -of which he bequeathed to -his company. An engraving -of his show bears the almost -Yankee inscription, “The -Only Booth in the Fair;” -and on the balustrade of the -stairs to its entrance is inscribed -the curiously modern -injunction, “Tumble up! -tumble up!”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_313" id="Footnote_313"></a><a href="#FNanchor_313"><span class="label">[313]</span></a> Honey Lane Market, famous -in the eighteenth century for -its provisions, keeps its name -close to Cheapside. In 1835, -the pillared and belfried market-house -gave place to the City of -London School, since removed -to the Thames Embankment. -The “Market” is still an odd -oasis of domestic shopping in -the City’s larger operations.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_314" id="Footnote_314"></a><a href="#FNanchor_314"><span class="label">[314]</span></a> This was Belzoni’s “Narrative -of the Operations and -Recent Discoveries within the -Pyramids, Temples, Tombs, -and Excavations, in Egypt -and Nubia;—and of a—Journey -to the Coast of the -Red Sea, in search of—the -Ancient Berenice;—and another -to—the Oasis of Jupiter -Ammon. By G. Belzoni. -London:—John Murray, Albemarle -Street.—1820.” At the -end of the book comes “Mrs. -Belzoni’s Trifling Account—of -the—Women of Egypt, -Nubia, and Syria.”</p> - -<p>That Belzoni, turned author, -retained the physical strength -of his showman days, is shown -in a story told by Dr. -Smiles in his <cite>Memoirs of -John Murray</cite>. “Like many -other men of Herculean power, -he was not eager to exhibit -his strength, but on one -occasion he gave proof of it. -Mr. Murray had asked him to -accompany him to the Coronation -of George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> They -had tickets of admittance to -Westminster Hall, but on -arriving there they found that -the sudden advent of Queen -Caroline, attended by a mob -claiming admission to the -Abbey, had alarmed the -authorities, and who had -caused all doors to be shut. -That by which they should -have entered was held close -and guarded by several stalwart -janitors. Belzoni thereupon -advanced to the door, and, -in spite of the efforts of these -guardians, including Tom Crib -and others of the pugilistic -corps who had been engaged -as constables, opened it with -ease, and admitted himself -and Mr. Murray.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_315" id="Footnote_315"></a><a href="#FNanchor_315"><span class="label">[315]</span></a> Dr. Robert Richardson -(1779-1847) went to Egypt -and Palestine with the Earl of -Belmore in 1816, and published -his <cite>Travels</cite> in 1822. Lady -Blessington lent the book to -Byron, who said: “The author -is just the sort of man I -should like to have with me -for Greece—clever both as a -man and a physician.” -Richardson afterwards settled -in Rathbone Place. He died -in Gordon Street, Gordon -Square, Nov. 5, 1847.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_316" id="Footnote_316"></a><a href="#FNanchor_316"><span class="label">[316]</span></a> The creator of the Leverian -Museum was the eldest son of -Sir Darcey Lever, of Alkrington, -near Manchester. As a -young man he had delighted -in horses and birds. His -treasures had grown in interest -and numbers, until he was -persuaded to turn a private -hobby into a public speculation. -He hired Leicester -House in 1771, and for thirteen -years maintained and increased -it, at a cost of £50,000, against -which he could set only £13,000 -in receipts. In 1784 he was -authorised to issue 36,000 -guinea tickets, of which one -was to entitle the holder to the -entire museum. A proposal -for the purchase of the museum -by the nation, which Dr. -Johnson favoured, came to -nothing. Only 8000 tickets -had been sold when the drawing -took place. The one prize, -the museum, was drawn by -a Mr. Parkinson, who thus -acquired for a guinea the -largest general collection in -Europe, including the curiosities -collected by Captain Cook -in his South Sea voyages.</p> - -<p>Sir Ashton Lever died suddenly -in 1788, at Manchester. -Meanwhile Mr. Parkinson had -built the Rotunda in Albion -Place, at the south end of -Blackfriars Bridge, for the -display of the “Museum -Leverianum.” The scheme -failed, and in 1806 the museum -was sold by auction at King -& Lochee’s rooms in King -Street, Covent Garden, the -sale lasting sixty-five days. -The catalogue filled 410 octavo -pages, and there were 7879 -lots. The deserted “Rotunda” -at Blackfriars deteriorated -until it was known to Tom -Taylor as “something very -much like a penny gaff.” -Taylor, by the way, tells us -that Sir Ashton Lever conceived -the idea of sending a -ship-load of potatoes to the -defenders of Gibraltar, and -this was done.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_317" id="Footnote_317"></a><a href="#FNanchor_317"><span class="label">[317]</span></a> By “this year” Smith -means 1784. His note is little -more than a copy of the following -newspaper paragraph of -May 29, 1784, quoted by -Lewis in his <cite>History of Islington</cite>: -“Thursday a grand -cricket-match was played in -the White Conduit Fields. -Among the players were the -Duke of Dorset, Lord Winchilsea, -Lord Talbot, Colonel -Tarleton, Mr. Howe, Mr. -Damer, Hon. Mr. Lennox, and -the Rev. Mr. Williams. A -pavilion was erected for refreshments, -and a number of -ladies attended.”</p> - -<p>John Frederick Sackville, -third Duke of Dorset (1745-99), -was a member of the -Hambledon Club, and of the -committee which drew up the -original laws of the M.C.C. -He employed several of the -best cricketers of his day, and -presented Sevenoaks with a -cricket ground. As our Ambassador -to France he arranged -for a British cricket -eleven to play in Paris, but -the Revolution disturbances -prevented the match.</p> - -<p>The Earl of Winchilsea -(1752-1826) was also a member -of the Hambledon. He introduced -four wickets, two inches -higher than the standard. -“The game is then rendered -shorter by easier bowling out,” -said the <cite>Hampshire Chronicle</cite>, -but the Earl’s plan is still a -dream and a controversy.</p> - -<p>The Hon. Mr. Lennox is -referred to in a newspaper of -the period as “nephew to his -grace of Richmond,” and he -and Lord Winchilsea are described -as the chief performers -at White Conduit House.</p> - -<p>Colonel Sir Banastre Tarleton -went through the War of -Independence with distinction, -and lived with “Perdita” -(Mary Robinson) for some -years, receiving from her much -devotion. He represented -Liverpool in Parliament for -twenty-two years, and attained -the rank of General.</p> - -<p>The White Conduit Club, of -which these gentlemen were -members, has a high importance -in the history of cricket, -for out of it sprang, in 1787, -the Marylebone Cricket Club. -“The M.C.C. Club,” says Mr. -Andrew Lang in a sketch of -cricket history, “may be said -to have sprung from the ashes -of the White Conduit Club, -dissolved in 1787. One -Thomas Lord, by the aid of -some members of the older -association, made a ground -in the space which is now -Dorset Square. This was the -first ‘Lord’s’.” Two removals -brought the ground to its -present location in St. John’s -Wood, where the first recorded -match was played, June 22, -1814.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_318" id="Footnote_318"></a><a href="#FNanchor_318"><span class="label">[318]</span></a> Du Val’s Lane is now represented -by Hornsey Road. It -seems to have been originally -“Devil’s Lane,” but to have -been popularly re-named from -Claude Duval (1643-70), the -highwayman, who, like Dick -Turpin, favoured this district. -Born at Domfront in Normandy, -Du Val came to England -in the train of the Duke -of Richmond, and took to the -road. He was famous for his -gallantries to his victims. He -was captured on January 17, -1669 or 1670, in the Hole-in-the-Wall -Tavern, Chandos Street, -and although intercession was -made for him by ladies of rank, -he was hanged at Tyburn -within four days. The exhibition -of his body at the Tangier -Tavern, St. Giles’s, drew such -crowds that it had to be -stopped. It is hard to believe -that Du Val was accorded a -grave in the centre aisle of -Covent Garden Church, and -that his epitaph began—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">Here lies Du Vall: Reader, if male thou art,</div> -<div class="verse">Look to thy purse; if female, to thy heart;</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>but it is so stated in the -<cite>Memoirs of Monsieur Du Val</cite>, -1670. His funeral, we read, -“was attended with many -flambeaux, and a numerous -train of mourners, whereof -most were of the beautiful -sex.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_319" id="Footnote_319"></a><a href="#FNanchor_319"><span class="label">[319]</span></a> Nathaniel Hillier, of Pancras -Lane, merchant, died -March 1, 1783, aged 76 -(<cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_320" id="Footnote_320"></a><a href="#FNanchor_320"><span class="label">[320]</span></a> This tea-pot passed into -the possession of that eccentric -virtuoso, Henry Constantine -Noel, of whom Smith gives -an account under 1818. Noel -had the following extraordinary -inscription engraved on it:—</p> - -<p>“We are told by Lucian, -that the earthen lamp, which -had administered to the lucubrations -of Epictetus, was at -his death purchased for the -enormous sum of three thousand -drachmas: why, then, -may not imagination equally -amplify the value of this -unadorned vessel, long employed -for the infusion of that -favourite herb, whose enlivening -virtues are said to have so -often protracted the elegant -and edifying lucubrations of -Samuel Johnson; the zealous -advocate of that innocent -beverage, against its declared -enemy, Jonas Hanway. It -was weighed out for sale under -the inspection of Sir John -Hawkins, at the very minute -when they were in the next -room closing the incision -through which Mr. Cruickshank -had explored the ruinated -machinery of its dead master’s -thorax; so Bray the silversmith, -conveyed there in Sir -John’s carriage, thus hastily -to buy the plate, informed its -present possessor, Henry Constantine Noel, by whom it -was, for its celebrated services, -on the 1st of November 1788, -rescued from the undiscriminating -obliterations of the furnace.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_321" id="Footnote_321"></a><a href="#FNanchor_321"><span class="label">[321]</span></a> In this letter, Charles -Townley, the collector of the -Townley marbles, probably -refers to William Lock (1732-1810), -the wealthy connoisseur, -and a friend of Madame d’Arblay. -He lived at Norbury -Park, where he was hospitable -to Madame de Staël. He was -described as the “arbiter, -advocate, and common friend -of all lovers of art.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_322" id="Footnote_322"></a><a href="#FNanchor_322"><span class="label">[322]</span></a> The “Triumph of Bacchus” -was one of eight great pictures -which Rubens painted for the -palace at Madrid.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_323" id="Footnote_323"></a><a href="#FNanchor_323"><span class="label">[323]</span></a> Annibale Caracci was employed -by Cardinal Farnese -to decorate the famous gallery -that bears his name. He -produced a masterly series of -frescoes.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_324" id="Footnote_324"></a><a href="#FNanchor_324"><span class="label">[324]</span></a> Welbore Ellis, first Baron -Mendip, was the third owner -of Pope’s Villa at Twickenham, -after the poet.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_325" id="Footnote_325"></a><a href="#FNanchor_325"><span class="label">[325]</span></a> “1811, Feb. 3.—In Great -Ormond Street, Atkinson -Bush, Esq., in the 76th year -of his age” (<cite>European Magazine</cite>, -February 1811).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_326" id="Footnote_326"></a><a href="#FNanchor_326"><span class="label">[326]</span></a> Parton’s book, <cite>Some -Account of the Hospital and -Parish of St. Giles’ in the -Fields, Middlesex</cite> (1822), by -“the late” Mr. John Parton, -gives the plan in question, -but does not touch on the -matter of its authenticity. It -is clear, however, that his -plans and maps are largely -conjectural.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_327" id="Footnote_327"></a><a href="#FNanchor_327"><span class="label">[327]</span></a> A distinction she shared -with Miss Mary Moser. These -are the only women who have -been members of the Royal -Academy, but it cannot be -said that their talent was -very exceptional. Peter Pindar -irreverently said that -Mary Moser was made an -R.A. for “a sublime Picture -of a Plate of Gooseberries.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_328" id="Footnote_328"></a><a href="#FNanchor_328"><span class="label">[328]</span></a> The annals of British art -do not contain a more tragic -story than that of “the late” -William Wynn Ryland. A -man of great talent, he was -engraver to George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, and -an exhibitor at the Royal -Academy; but it was his fate -to be hanged at Tyburn for -forging a bond of several -thousand pounds. How he -presented this document in -person at the India House, is -narrated by Henry Angelo as -a proof of his extraordinary -self-command.</p> - -<p>“The cashier, on receiving -the document, examined it -carefully, and referred to the -ledger; then, comparing the -date, observed, ‘Here is a -mistake, Sir; the bond, as -entered, does not become due -until to-morrow.’</p> - -<p>“Ryland, begging permission -to look at the book, -on its being handed to him, -observed: ‘So I perceive—there -must be an error in -your entry of one day;’ and -offered to leave the bond, -not betraying the least disappointment -or surprise. The -mistake appearing to the -cashier to be obviously an -error in his office, the bond -was paid to Ryland, who departed -with the money. The -next day the true bond was -presented, when the forgery -was discovered, of course; and, -within a few hours after, the -fraud was made public, and -steps were taken for the -recovery of the perpetrator.</p> - -<p>“This document, lately in -the possession of a gentleman -now deceased, I have often -seen. It is, perhaps, the most -extraordinary piece of deceptive -art, in the shape of imitation, -that was ever produced.”</p> - -<p>A reprieve for Ryland was -sought on the ground of his -extraordinary abilities, but, as -was usual in cases of forgery, -without success. George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> -is said to have replied: “No; -a man with such ample means -of providing for his wants -could not reasonably plead -necessity as an excuse for -his crime.” But the artist’s -petition for a respite was -both granted and renewed. -He explained that he desired -no extension of life except -as the means of completing -his last engraving, and so -adding to his wife’s stock of -plates. The subject was Queen -Eleanor sucking the poison -from the arm of her husband, -Edward <span class="smcapuc">I.</span>, from a painting -by Angelica Kauffmann. He -laboured hard on this work, -and when he received the -first proof from his printer, -said, “Mr. Haddril, I thank -you; my task is now accomplished.” -He was hanged -within a week, and his was -the last execution at Tyburn. -Henry Angelo says that, like -Dr. Dodd, Ryland was allowed -to proceed to Tyburn in a -mourning coach.</p> - -<p>The story of William Blake’s -prophecy of Ryland’s end is -well known. His father had -intended to apprentice him -to Ryland, but was frustrated -by the unaccountable attitude -of the boy, who, after they -had called on the engraver at -his studio, said, “Father, I -do not like the man’s face; -it looks as if he will live to -be hanged.” Twelve years -later came the fulfilment. -Col. W. F. Prideaux recently -mentioned in <cite>Notes and Queries</cite> -that he possesses a curious -collection concerning Ryland’s -case which was formed by the -Rev. H. Cotton, the ordinary -of Newgate. It includes the -original handbill offering a -reward for Ryland’s apprehension, -and a drawing of -the engraver’s mother by -John Thomas Smith.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_329" id="Footnote_329"></a><a href="#FNanchor_329"><span class="label">[329]</span></a> In the <cite>Dictionary of -National Biography</cite>, Miss E. -T. Bradley sums up the impressions -Angelica Kauffmann -made: “Goldsmith wrote some -lines to her; Garrick, whom she -painted, was much fascinated -by her, and Fuseli paid addresses -to her. Her most -serious flirtation, however, was -with Sir Joshua Reynolds, -whose acquaintance she made -directly she arrived in London. -He painted her portrait twice. -She frequently visited his -studio, and painted a weak -and uncharacteristic portrait -of the painter, which Bartolozzi -engraved. Nathaniel Dance, -whom she had met in Italy, -is also said to have been -hopelessly in love with her.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_330" id="Footnote_330"></a><a href="#FNanchor_330"><span class="label">[330]</span></a> Sir Nathaniel Dance-Holland, -first baronet (1734-1811), -met Angelica Kauffmann -in Italy, and was said to have -been hopelessly in love with -her. He was an original -member of the Royal Academy, -but resigned his diploma in -1790 on his marriage to Mrs. -Drummer, known facetiously -as “The Yorkshire Fortune,” -from her possession of £18,000 -a year. He assumed the additional -name of Holland, and -sat in Parliament for Grinstead. -In his time he was a capable -but stiff portrait painter, and -painted full-length portraits of -George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> and his Queen.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_331" id="Footnote_331"></a><a href="#FNanchor_331"><span class="label">[331]</span></a> A deed of separation was -obtained from Pope Pius <span class="smcapuc">VI.</span> -After the “Count’s” death, -Angelica Kauffmann married -in London, July 14, 1781, -Antonio Pietro Zucchi, a -Venetian painter who had long -lived in England, and had been -employed by Adam, the architect. -He decorated Garrick’s -house in the Adelphi. He -died in 1795.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_332" id="Footnote_332"></a><a href="#FNanchor_332"><span class="label">[332]</span></a> Thomas Pitt, first Baron -Camelford, was a prominent -politician and an opponent -of Lord North. At Twickenham, -where he settled in -1762, he and Horace Walpole -exchanged ideas on Gothic -architecture.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_333" id="Footnote_333"></a><a href="#FNanchor_333"><span class="label">[333]</span></a> Probably the well-known -Dr. Bates, M.D., of Missenden, -Bucks.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_334" id="Footnote_334"></a><a href="#FNanchor_334"><span class="label">[334]</span></a> Willey Reveley, architect, -and editor of vol. iii. of Stuart’s -<cite>Antiquities of Athens</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_335" id="Footnote_335"></a><a href="#FNanchor_335"><span class="label">[335]</span></a> Smith’s task had been -protracted by his tiresome -quarrel with his collaborator, -John Sidney Hawkins. They -pamphletted and “vindicated” -to their hearts’ content, but -the dispute is not worth unravelling.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_336" id="Footnote_336"></a><a href="#FNanchor_336"><span class="label">[336]</span></a> Henry White, then Sacrist -of Lichfield Cathedral.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_337" id="Footnote_337"></a><a href="#FNanchor_337"><span class="label">[337]</span></a> George Dance, who died -in 1825, was the architect of -the recently demolished Newgate -Prison, also of St. Luke’s -Hospital and the Guildhall -entrance façade. He was the -last survivor of the foundation -members of the Royal -Academy, and was buried in -St. Paul’s Cathedral. William -Daniell, R.A., was well known -for his Indian and Oriental -illustrations. He painted a -panorama of Madras, and -another of “The City of -Lucknow and the mode of -Taming Wild Elephants.” His -painting, “A View of the Long -Walk, Windsor,” is in the -royal collection.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_338" id="Footnote_338"></a><a href="#FNanchor_338"><span class="label">[338]</span></a> Fuseli’s quaint violences -of speech were many, and -gained in effect from his Swiss -accent. He swore roundly, a -habit which Haydon says he -caught from his friend Dr. -Armstrong, the poet. He -said a subject should interest, -astonish, or move; if it did -none of these, it was worth -“noding by Gode.” A visitor -to his imposing, but unsuccessful, -Milton Gallery of forty -paintings, said to him, “Pray, -sir, what is that picture?” -“It is the bridging of Chaos; -the subject from Milton.” -“No wonder,” said the inquirer, -“I did not know it, -for I never read Milton, but -I will.” “I advise you not, -sir, for you will find it a d——d -tough job.” He said, on looking -at Northcote’s painting of -the angel meeting Balaam and -his ass: “Northcote, you are -an angel at an ass, but an ass -at an angel.” Once, at the -table of Mr. Coutts, the banker, -Mrs. Coutts, dressed like -Morgiana, came dancing in, -presenting her dagger at every -breast. As she confronted -Nollekens, Fuseli called out, -“Strike—strike—there’s no -fear; Nolly was never known -to bleed.” He recommended -a sculptor to find some newer -emblem of eternity than a serpent -with a tail in its mouth. -The <em>something newer</em> (says -Cunningham) startled a man -whose imagination was none -of the brightest, and he said, -“How shall I find something -new?” “Oh, nothing so easy,” -said Fuseli; “I’ll help you to -it. When I went away to -Rome I left two fat men cutting -fat bacon in St. Martin’s Lane; -in ten years’ time I returned, -and found the two fat men -cutting fat bacon still; twenty -years more have passed, and -there the two fat fellows cut -the fat flitches the same as -ever. Carve them—if they -do not look like an image -of eternity, I wot not what -does.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_339" id="Footnote_339"></a><a href="#FNanchor_339"><span class="label">[339]</span></a> In the last ten years of his -stage career Bannister travelled -with his “Budget” of songs, -anecdotes, and imitations, -through England, Scotland, -and Ireland.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_340" id="Footnote_340"></a><a href="#FNanchor_340"><span class="label">[340]</span></a> The Rev. Stephen Weston, -F.R.S. (1747-1830), a well-known -antiquary and classical -scholar, held the Devonshire -livings of Mainhead and Little -Hempston, Devon, but left -that county after the death -of his wife. He engaged in -some spirited attempts to -translate Gray’s <cite>Elegy</cite> into -Greek, and published his -<cite>Elegia Grayiana, Græce</cite>, in -1794. He was fond of the -French capital, and published -<cite>The Praise of Paris</cite> in 1803. -An old friend of Nollekens, he -was present at the funeral so -airily described by Smith in -his life of the sculptor.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_341" id="Footnote_341"></a><a href="#FNanchor_341"><span class="label">[341]</span></a> Swan <em>upping</em> (or marking) -is still carried out yearly on -the Thames by the representatives -of the Crown and -by the Dyers’ and Vintners’ -Companies, who have the -privilege of keeping swans on -the river. Formerly the state -barges of the City went up to -Staines, and ceremonies were -performed. Even to-day the -expedition of the swan-markers -is picturesque; the skiffs bear -the flags of the several authorities, -the markers wear flannels -and distinguishing jerseys, and -the overseers don special -tunics and peaked caps. The -birds are caught by means of -long hooked poles.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_342" id="Footnote_342"></a><a href="#FNanchor_342"><span class="label">[342]</span></a> Tooke did not, therefore, -“try the question” of his -silver caddy; but had it not -been returned he would have -done so in his character of -the inimitable litigant. “A -court of law,” says Hazlitt, in -his masterly portrait of Tooke -in <cite>The Spirit of the Age</cite>, -“was the place where Mr. -Tooke made the best figure -in public. He might assuredly -be said to be ‘native and -endued unto that element.’ -He had here to stand merely -on the defensive: not to advance -himself, but to block -up the way: not to impress -others, but to be himself impenetrable. -All he wanted -was <em>negative success</em>; and to -this no one was better qualified -to aspire. Cross purposes, -<em>moot-points</em>, pleas, demurrers, -flaws in the indictment, double -meanings, cases, inconsequentialities, -these were the playthings, -the darlings of Mr. -Tooke’s mind; and with these -he baffled the Judge, dumbfounded -the Counsel, and -outwitted the Jury. The report -of his trial before Lord -Kenyon is a masterpiece of -acuteness, dexterity, modest -assurance, and legal effect. -It is much like his examination -before the Commissioners of -the Income Tax—nothing could -be got out of him in either -case!”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_343" id="Footnote_343"></a><a href="#FNanchor_343"><span class="label">[343]</span></a> He had, indeed, prepared -a tomb for himself in his -garden at Wimbledon, and -the funeral invitations, as first -sent out, contemplated his -burial here. He was buried -in a family vault at Ealing, -to which the following inscription -was added: “JOHN -HORNE TOOKE, late of -Wimbledon, Author of the -<cite>Diversions of Purley</cite>: was born -June 1736, and died March -18, 1812, contented and -happy.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_344" id="Footnote_344"></a><a href="#FNanchor_344"><span class="label">[344]</span></a> The Rev. William Huntington -obtained influence over -multitudes by a grotesque -piety and a compelling pulpit -manner. He appended the -initials S.S. to his name, -signifying “Sinner Saved.” -His true name was Hunt, and -he himself tells how he added -two syllables to it as a disguise -after being called upon to -support an illegitimate child. -The son of a Kentish day -labourer, he had been errand -boy, gardener, cobbler, and -coal-heaver. At last he turned -wholly preacher, and in that -character came up to London -from Thames Ditton, “bringing -two large carts, with furniture -and other necessaries, -besides a post-chaise well filled -with children and cats,” as he -relates. He became minister -of Margaret Street Chapel, -where he urged the power of -prayer, telling his hearers that -whenever he wanted a thing—a -horse, a pair of breeches, -or a pound of tea—he prayed -for it and it came. In 1788 -his admirers built him a chapel -in the Gray’s Inn Road at a -cost of £9000. He called it -Providence Chapel, and was -shrewd enough to obtain the -personal freehold. He carried -pulpit brusqueness to the extreme. -“Wake that snoring -sinner!” and “Silence that -noisy numskull!” were his -frequent observations. By -his marriage with the widow -of Sir James Sanderson, who -had been Lord Mayor of London, -he gained wealth, and -in 1811 he became the tenant -of Dr. Valangin’s mansion on -Hermes Hill, Pentonville. -This eminent Swiss physician -had named his estate Hermes -Hill in honour of Hermes -Trismegithus, the fabled discoverer -of chemistry. Huntington’s -health failed him, and -he exchanged the air of Pentonville -for Tunbridge Wells, -where he died July 1, 1813. -Smith’s story of the disciple -who purchased a barrel of beer -at the sale of Huntington’s -effects is apparently true. -Extravagant prices were paid -for less perishable souvenirs. -An arm-chair worth fifty -shillings fetched sixty guineas, -and an ordinary pair of spectacles -seven guineas. The -Pentonville mansion has long -disappeared, but Hermes Street -dingily perpetuates its curious -history.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_345" id="Footnote_345"></a><a href="#FNanchor_345"><span class="label">[345]</span></a> Smith’s Beef Steak friend, -John Nixon, was an Irish -factor, who, with his brother -Richard, lived over his warehouses -in Basinghall Street. -He was wealthy and convivial, -a bachelor, a good business -man, an admirable host, an -amateur actor, and a comic -artist. His drawing of “The -Jolly Undertakers” regaling -themselves at the Falcon -Tavern, near Clapham Junction, -is well known; the landlord’s -name was Robert Death, and -the undertakers are seen regaling -themselves “at Death’s -door.” Nixon’s original picture -long remained at the -Falcon (now rebuilt), and was -considered a fixture.</p> - -<p>The history of the Sublime -Society of Beef Steaks was -mournfully recalled two years -ago by the closing and subsequent -sale of its last home, -the Lyceum Theatre. John -Rich, the patentee of Covent -Garden Theatre, is usually -named as its founder, but -the germ of the Society (its -members loathed the name of -Club) lay in the creature needs -of his scene painter, George -Lambert, of whom Edwards -relates in his <cite>Anecdotes of -Painting</cite>—</p> - -<p>“As it frequently happened -that he was too much hurried -to leave his engagements for -his regular dinner, he contented -himself with a beefsteak -broiled upon the fire in the -painting-room. In this hasty -meal he was sometimes joined -by his visitors, who were -pleased to participate in the -humble repast of the artist. -The savour of the dish and -the conviviality of the accidental -meeting inspired the -party with a resolution to -establish a club, which was -accordingly done under the -title of the ‘Beefsteak Club’; -and the party assembled in -the painting-room. The -members were afterwards accommodated -with a room -in the playhouse, where the -meetings were held for many -years.”</p> - -<p>Among the earlier members -were Hogarth, Theophilus -Cibber, George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, when Prince -of Wales, the Earl of Sandwich, -George Colman, Wilkes. -Charles Morris, the Laureate of -the Beefsteaks, was admitted -in 1785, and remained a -member till his death in 1838, -after being for more than -fifty years the life and soul -of the Society. “Die when -you will, Charles, you’ll die -in your youth,” were Curran’s -words, and Morris died young -at ninety-three. His “Sweet -shady side of Pall Mall” is -the best London song of its -kind.</p> - -<p>The Society dined and -wined itself into the nineteenth -century without a thought -of change, but when Covent -Garden Theatre was burnt -down in 1808, the Beefsteakers, -who had taken shelter at the -Bedford Coffee House, went -to the Lyceum Theatre at -the invitation of Samuel James -Arnold. There, for sixty -years, they met in a banquet -room behind the stage. In -1867 the number of members -had fallen to eighteen, and -in that year the famous coterie -closed its doors and sent its -Lares and Penates to Christie’s, -that mart of abandoned playthings. -“Brother” Walter -Arnold’s <cite>Life and Death of -the Sublime Society of Beef -Steaks</cite> (1871) is a singularly -complete and interesting -memorial of the “jolly old -Steakers of England.”</p> - -<p>The “Ad Libitum” Society, -of which Nixon was also a -member, and which was quite -distinct from the Beefsteaks, -held its meetings successively -at the Shakespeare Tavern, the -Piazza Coffee House, Robins’s -Rooms, and the Bedford -Coffee House. Thomas Dibdin -gives a list of its members -in his <cite>Reminiscences</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_346" id="Footnote_346"></a><a href="#FNanchor_346"><span class="label">[346]</span></a> Mrs. Abington died on the -4th.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_347" id="Footnote_347"></a><a href="#FNanchor_347"><span class="label">[347]</span></a> Garrick’s troubles with this -actress were such that he -wrote to her in reply to one -of her complaints: “Let me -be permitted to say, that I -never yet saw Mrs. Abington -theatrically happy for a week -together.” During his later -managership Garrick had -ceaseless struggles with his -actresses, by which he was -greatly wearied. “The lively -‘Pivy’ Clive, the stately Mrs. -Barry, Pope, the established -Hoyden of the theatre, Miss -Younge, Mrs. Yates, Mrs. -Abington, all tried the effect -of a modified revolt” (Percy -Fitzgerald: <cite>Life of Garrick</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_348" id="Footnote_348"></a><a href="#FNanchor_348"><span class="label">[348]</span></a> Stafford Row was near -Stafford Gate, St. James’s -Park. Mrs. Yates died here -in 1787, and Mrs. Radcliffe, -the author of the <cite>Mysteries of -Udolpho</cite>, in 1823.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_349" id="Footnote_349"></a><a href="#FNanchor_349"><span class="label">[349]</span></a> These lines occur in the -epilogue to General Burgoyne’s -comedy, <cite>The Maid of the -Oaks</cite>, written by him expressly -for Mrs. Abington, who performed -the part of Lady Bab -Lardoon in the season 1773-74. -Garrick wrote the epilogue -in question to be spoken by -Mrs. Abington.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_350" id="Footnote_350"></a><a href="#FNanchor_350"><span class="label">[350]</span></a> These lines do not belong -to <cite>The Maid of the Oaks</cite>, the -subject of Garrick’s letter of -9th November. I have not -been able to trace them.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_351" id="Footnote_351"></a><a href="#FNanchor_351"><span class="label">[351]</span></a> See Wilmot’s Letters, British -Museum.—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_352" id="Footnote_352"></a><a href="#FNanchor_352"><span class="label">[352]</span></a> John Thane (1748-1818) -was a well-known printseller -in Soho, and the editor of -<cite>British Autography: a Collection -of Facsimiles of the Handwriting -of Royal and Illustrious -Personages, with their Authentic -Portraits</cite> (1793).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_353" id="Footnote_353"></a><a href="#FNanchor_353"><span class="label">[353]</span></a> John Blaquière (1732-1812) -sat in both Irish and United -Kingdom Parliaments. At this -time (1771) he was Secretary -of Legation in Paris.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_354" id="Footnote_354"></a><a href="#FNanchor_354"><span class="label">[354]</span></a> This letter is the earliest -from Walpole to Mrs. Abington -in Peter Cunningham’s collection, -where it bears the more -precise date, September 1, -1771. At that time Walpole -had no private acquaintance -with Mrs. Abington. Eight -years later, Mrs. Abington is -still seeking his acquaintance, -for he writes in April 1779 -to excuse himself from an -invitation she had sent him. -But on May 22, 1779, -Walpole says at the end of a -letter to the Honourable H. -S. Conway: “I am going to -sup with Mrs. Abington, and -hope Mrs. Clive will not hear -of it.” No doubt he did so, -and it was after this stage -in their acquaintance that -he wrote the letter of June 11, -1780 (see opposite page).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_355" id="Footnote_355"></a><a href="#FNanchor_355"><span class="label">[355]</span></a> Sir Walter James James, -first Baronet (1759-1829), -married Jane, sister of John -Jeffreys, second Earl, and first -Marquis, Camden.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_356" id="Footnote_356"></a><a href="#FNanchor_356"><span class="label">[356]</span></a> At this time Mrs. Jordan -was absent from the stage, in -obedience to her lover, the -Duke of Clarence, afterwards -William <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> By him she had -ten children. She had also -four children by Sir Richard -Ford, and a daughter by her -Cork manager, Richard Daly. -But, says Leigh Hunt, she -“made even Methodists love -her.” In 1811 the Duke of -Clarence made an arrangement -by which she received £4400 -a year for the maintenance -of herself and all her children, -on condition that if she returned -to the stage the Duke’s -daughters and £1500 a year -were to revert to him. All -these daughters married well. -Mrs. Jordan died embarrassed -and unhappy at St. Cloud, -a good deal of mystery shrouding -her end. Tate Wilkinson -tells how she finally exchanged -her maiden name of Bland for -Jordan. “You have crossed -the water, my dear,” he said to -her once, “so I’ll call you Jordan.” -“And by the memory -of Sam! if she didn’t take my -joke in earnest, and call herself -Mrs. Jordan ever since.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_357" id="Footnote_357"></a><a href="#FNanchor_357"><span class="label">[357]</span></a> In a letter dated January 24, -1816, in my possession, which -was evidently intended to be -sent as a circular to some of -his stauncher patrons, Smith -states that he had found the -previous year very “unprofitable -to the Arts,” and that -owing to the great number of -families who left England for -France “last season” (<i>i.e.</i> -after Waterloo), his income -had been small. He has -applied himself closely to his -etching table, and is now able -to lay before his correspondent -the first three numbers of a -small work at a remarkably -cheap rate. This was his -<cite>Vagabondiana, or Anecdotes -of Mendicant Wanderers -through the Streets of London, -with Portraits of the Most -Remarkable drawn from Life</cite>. -The increase of beggars in -London had engaged serious -attention, and legislation was -in the air. The Society for -the Suppression of Mendicity -was founded in 1818. Smith’s -work is the artistic forerunner -of Charles Lamb’s -<cite>Complaint of the Decay of -Beggars in the Metropolis</cite>, -written in 1822, when “the -all-sweeping besom of sectarian -reform” had done its work. -The Herculean legless beggar -whose portrait Lamb draws -with so much gusto, appears -in Smith’s gallery of etchings. -But whereas Mr. E. V. Lucas -identifies him as Samuel Horsey, -I venture to think he was the -beggar named John MacNally. -Smith’s figure of Horsey hardly -suggests a Hercules, nor does -another portrait of him from -Kirby’s “Wonderful and -Scientific Museum.” I suggest -that the beggar of whom Lamb -wrote, in 1822, “He seemed -earth-born, an Antæus, and to -suck in fresh vigour from the -soil which he neighboured; he -was a grand fragment; as good -as an Elgin marble; the nature, -which should have recruited his -left leg and thighs, was not lost, -but only retired into his upper -parts, and he was half a Hercules,” was identical with the -beggar whom John Thomas -Smith describes as an “extraordinary -torso”: “His head, -shoulders, and chest, which are -exactly those of Hercules, would -prove valuable models for the -artist.” This Hercules is John -MacNally. Were there two -London legless beggars who -could suggest to two minds -such images of antique magnificence -of physique? It is possible, -but unlikely.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_358" id="Footnote_358"></a><a href="#FNanchor_358"><span class="label">[358]</span></a> First cousin, once removed, -of the poet.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_359" id="Footnote_359"></a><a href="#FNanchor_359"><span class="label">[359]</span></a> Charles Manners-Sutton, -Archbishop of Canterbury -1805-28.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_360" id="Footnote_360"></a><a href="#FNanchor_360"><span class="label">[360]</span></a> Thomas Gilliland, whose -<cite>Dramatic Mirror</cite> is still consulted, -was not too popular -with the actors and actresses -whose lives he compiled. He -was practically warned off the -Green-room of Drury Lane -Theatre by Charles Mathews, -the elder.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_361" id="Footnote_361"></a><a href="#FNanchor_361"><span class="label">[361]</span></a> Smith is mistaken as to the -date of the first race. This -was rowed on August 1, 1716. -A portrait of a waterman in -his boat, still preserved in the -Watermen’s Hall, St. Mary’s -Hill, is supposed to represent -the first wearer of the coat and -badge, a white horse being -painted on the back-board of -the boat. It is said that John -Broughton, afterwards the -prize-fighter, and the founder -of boxing, was this winner. -Under Doggett’s will, only one -prize, the coat and badge, was -given, but additional prizes -have been added under the -will of Sir William Jolliff, in -1820, and by the Fishmongers’ -Company. These prizes are -generous. Even the last -of the six young watermen -to reach the winning-post -is sure of £2; the other -unsuccessful candidates receive -sums from £3 to £6 -each. The winner of the race -is £10 in pocket, his name -is added to the long roll of -previous winners, and he -wears Doggett’s coat (made -to fit him) among the -coated élite of Watermen’s -Hall.</p> - -<p>A clever and genial man, -Doggett was known everywhere -by his immense wig, -on the top of which, not -without the aid of pins, rested -a small cocked hat. He -carried a rapier, and took -snuff incessantly. Only two -portraits of him are known: -one represents him dancing -the Cheshire Round with the -motto, “Ne sutor ultra crepidam,” -and the Garrick Club -has a portrait, but its authenticity -is questioned.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_362" id="Footnote_362"></a><a href="#FNanchor_362"><span class="label">[362]</span></a> <cite>The Waterman</cite> was, indeed, -announced as the after-piece -to <cite>The Wonder</cite>, but -Garrick had no part in it, and -his great farewell scene rendered -its performance impossible -alike to actors and -audience.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_363" id="Footnote_363"></a><a href="#FNanchor_363"><span class="label">[363]</span></a> Sarah Sophia Banks (1744-1818) -was a virtuoso, and -collector of natural history -specimens. She kept house -for her brother, Sir Joseph -Banks, at 32 Soho Square, -at the corner of Frith Street. -Here Sir Joseph, who is mentioned -by Smith elsewhere, -gave his Sunday evening -conversaziones, at which -Cavendish and Wollaston were -the prominent guests. Sir -Henry Holland describes these -evenings in his <cite>Recollections</cite>. -Gifford of the <cite>Quarterly</cite> remarked -to Moore, that the -Banks’ mansion was to science -what Holland House was to -literature. Horace Walpole -poked incessant fun at Sir -Joseph’s curiosity about -remote Atlantic islands, and -Peter Pindar scribbled verses -like this:—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“To give a breakfast in Soho,</div> -<div class="verse">Sir Joseph’s bitterest foe</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Must certainly allow him peerless merit:</div> -<div class="verse">Where on a wagtail and tom-tit</div> -<div class="verse">He shines, and sometimes on a nit:</div> -<div class="verse indent1">Displaying powers few gentlemen inherit.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The house was afterwards the -home of the Linnæan Society, -and is now the Hospital for -Diseases of the Heart.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_364" id="Footnote_364"></a><a href="#FNanchor_364"><span class="label">[364]</span></a> Knick-knacks.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_365" id="Footnote_365"></a><a href="#FNanchor_365"><span class="label">[365]</span></a> Elizabeth Carter (1717-1806), -of “Epictetus” fame, -was the daughter of a Kent -parson. She enjoyed the -friendship of Dr. Johnson, to -whom she was introduced by -Cave. Mrs. Carter wrote Nos. -44 and 100 of the <cite>Rambler</cite>, essays -which Johnson esteemed -highly. Her resolution in -acquiring a knowledge of -Greek and Latin was extraordinary: -she placed a bell -at the head of her bed, and -arranged that the sexton, who -rose between four and five -o’clock, should ring it by -means of a cord which descended -into the garden below. -Her translation of Epictetus -appeared in 1758; it was -published by subscription at -one guinea, and she made -£1000 by it. Her attainments -brought her many -distinguished friends, and it -was thought that Dr. Secker, -afterwards Archbishop of -Canterbury, wished to marry -her. Mrs. Carter was one of -the little company who dined -with Johnson at Mrs. Garrick’s -house, May 3, 1783, when -Hannah More, looking at -Johnson, “was struck with -the mild radiance of the setting -sun.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_366" id="Footnote_366"></a><a href="#FNanchor_366"><span class="label">[366]</span></a> Mrs. Dards’ exhibition was -at No. 1 Suffolk Street, Cockspur -Street. The British -Museum has one of her catalogues, -dated 1800.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_367" id="Footnote_367"></a><a href="#FNanchor_367"><span class="label">[367]</span></a> This singular character, -whose real name was Henry Constantine -Jennings (1731-1819), -died within the Rules of the -King’s Bench, after spending -one fortune on works of art -and losing another on the -turf. About 1778 he brought to -England the antique sculpture -known as Alcibiades’ Dog (now -at Duncombe Park, Yorkshire), -whence he had his nickname, -“Dog Jennings.” His purchase -of this work for a -thousand guineas was the -subject of one of Dr. Johnson’s -conversations, recorded by -Boswell. Jennings lived in -the most easterly of the five -houses into which Lindsey -House, Chelsea, was divided -in 1760. In Smith’s <cite>Nollekens</cite> -he appears as a little man in a -brown coat walking in Marylebone -Fields, where Nollekens -was for giving him twopence, -mistaking him for a pauper.</p> - -<p>Jennings was twice married, -and at one time laid claim -to a lapsed peerage. At -Chelsea, where he maintained -his house and grounds in a -state of luxurious neglect, it -was his custom twice a day -to exercise himself with a -ponderous lead-tipped broadsword: -then (to use his own -words), “mount my chaise -horse, composed of leather -and inflated with wind like -a pair of bellows, on which -I take exactly one thousand -gallops.” Among his treasures -was a statue of Venus, which -he prized so highly, that for -the first six months after -acquiring it he had it placed -during dinner at the head of -his table, with two footmen -in laced liveries in attendance -on it—a situation that to-day -would be worthy of Mr. -Anstey’s humour.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_368" id="Footnote_368"></a><a href="#FNanchor_368"><span class="label">[368]</span></a> Sir Thomas Stepney, ninth -and last baronet of Prendergast, -Pembroke, died September -12, 1825, aged 65. -He was long a member of -White’s Club, and wore blue -and white striped stockings, -a peculiarity he shared with -Nollekens, the sculptor. A -worthier distinction was his -descent from Sir Anthony -Vandyke. Sir John Stepney, -the third baronet, had married -the daughter and heiress of -the painter.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_369" id="Footnote_369"></a><a href="#FNanchor_369"><span class="label">[369]</span></a> Of John Burges, M.D. -(1745-1807), there is a manuscript -memoir in the library -of the Royal College of -Physicians. He made a fine -collection of the <i lang="la">materia medica</i>, -which ultimately passed to -the college, where it is still -preserved. Gillray’s legend -“From Warwick Lane” refers, -of course, to the earlier location -of the college in the city.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_370" id="Footnote_370"></a><a href="#FNanchor_370"><span class="label">[370]</span></a> At the Royal Academy -dinner of 1789 the health of -Alderman Boydell as “the -Commercial Mæcenas of -England” was proposed by -Edmund Burke. It was in -this year that the Alderman -began to exhibit in Pall Mall -the works which he had commissioned -for his Shakespeare -Gallery. Next year he -became Lord Mayor. Unfortunately, he miscalculated -his financial powers, and the -outbreak of the French Revolution -entailed on him such -loss of foreign custom that -his death in 1804 was clouded -by misfortune. He had employed -nearly all the best -artists and engravers of his -day, and had spent £350,000 -in his business. His Shakespeare -Gallery, consisting of -170 pictures, was disposed of -by lottery; the winner being -Tassie, the gem-modeller, who -sold them at Christie’s for -£6157.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_371" id="Footnote_371"></a><a href="#FNanchor_371"><span class="label">[371]</span></a> First fashionable in 1745, -and named after William, Duke -of Cumberland. Smith might -have seen it in his boyhood. -It was smartly cocked in front.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_372" id="Footnote_372"></a><a href="#FNanchor_372"><span class="label">[372]</span></a> George Frederick Beltz -(1777-1841), Lancaster Herald, -and author of <cite>Memorials of -the Order of the Garter</cite>, was one -of Mrs. Garrick’s executors, -and wrote the memoir of her -in the <cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite> -of November 1822.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_373" id="Footnote_373"></a><a href="#FNanchor_373"><span class="label">[373]</span></a> “Mr. Dance, in this picture -of Garrick, has been guilty -of an egregious anachronism. -He has actually given Richard -the Third the <em>star</em> of the -Order of the Garter, when -he ought to have known that -it was not introduced before -the reign of King Charles <span class="smcapuc">I.</span>” -(Smith: <cite>Nollekens</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_374" id="Footnote_374"></a><a href="#FNanchor_374"><span class="label">[374]</span></a> Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, -fifth baronet (1772-1840), a -generous patron of artists. -His town house in St. James’s -Square had fine pictures. He -died after a fall from his horse -in the hunting-field.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_375" id="Footnote_375"></a><a href="#FNanchor_375"><span class="label">[375]</span></a> The Dowager Lady Amherst -would appear to be -Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir -of Lieutenant-General -Honourable George Cary, who -married, 1767, Jeffrey, first -Lord Amherst, Field-Marshal, -who died in 1797, aged 80. -Lady Amherst died in 1830.—William -George Maton, M.D., -dated his fortune from the -day when he was approached -by an equerry at Weymouth -as a person who might be -able to name a plant (<i lang="la">arundo -epigejos</i>) which one of the -royal princesses had found. -He was thus brought into the -presence of Queen Charlotte, -and later became her physician -extraordinary. Maton died on -March 30, 1835, and was -buried at St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. -There is a tablet to -him in Salisbury Cathedral.—Mr. -Carr was Mrs. Garrick’s -solicitor, and was to be the -next occupant of the famous -Garrick Villa at Hampton.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_376" id="Footnote_376"></a><a href="#FNanchor_376"><span class="label">[376]</span></a> Elizabeth Wright Macauley, -novelist, actress, and preacher -of the gospel, died at York, -March 1837, aged 52, in -rather straitened circumstances. -Her London home -was at 52 Clarendon Square, -St. Pancras. She published, -in 1812, <cite>Effusions of Fancy</cite>, -a collection of poems consisting -of the “Birth of Friendship,” -the “Birth of Affection,” -and the “Birth of Sensibility.” -In the last year of her life -she had travelled the country -lecturing on “Domestic Philosophy,” -and giving recitations.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_377" id="Footnote_377"></a><a href="#FNanchor_377"><span class="label">[377]</span></a> At an earlier time the -Abbey had been free to sight-seers, -but a wanton injury to -the figure of George Washington -in Major André’s monument -had led to the imposition -of admission fees. Not -long after Smith’s encounter, -Charles Lamb wrote his protest -against these fees, of which -he says: “In no part of our -beloved Abbey now can a -person find entrance (out of -service time) under the sum -of <em>two shillings</em>.” Lamb’s complaint -may have been rather -overstrained by reason of its -incorporation in his bitter -letter to Southey in the -<cite>London Magazine</cite> for October -1823.</p> - -<p>Free admission was given -to the larger part of the -Abbey under Dean Ireland. -Authorised guides were first -appointed in 1826, and the -nave and transepts were -opened, and the fees lowered -in 1841 at the suggestion of -Lord John Thynne (Dean -Stanley: <cite>Historical Memorials -of Westminster Abbey</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_378" id="Footnote_378"></a><a href="#FNanchor_378"><span class="label">[378]</span></a> The Rev. Thomas Rackett -(1757-1841), Rector of Spetisbury -with Charlton-Marshall, -Dorset. He was a musician, a -naturalist, an antiquary, and -a friend of Garrick. He had -been guided as a youth by -Dr. John Hunter. His daughter -Dorothea married Mr. S. -Solly of Heathside, near Poole. -She is mentioned on <a href="#Page_290">p. 290</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_379" id="Footnote_379"></a><a href="#FNanchor_379"><span class="label">[379]</span></a> Dr. Francklin was probably -the “Thomas Franklin” -who signed the round-robin -to Dr. Johnson asking him to -re-write Goldsmith’s epitaph -in English. Here the absence -of the <em>c</em> from the name causes -Croker to doubt the identity, -and Dr. Birkbeck Hill to -reject it. It is curious that -Smith, with Garrick’s marriage -certificate before him, makes -the name agree with the -questioned signature in the -memorial to Johnson. Francklin -knew Johnson and dedicated -to him a translation of Lucian. -“<span class="smcap">Boswell.</span> I think Dr. -Franklin’s definition of <em>Man</em> -a good one—A tool-making -animal. <span class="smcap">Johnson.</span> But many -a man never made a tool; -and suppose a man without -arms, he could not make -a tool.” Francklin founded -the <cite>Centinel</cite>, a paper of the -<cite>Tatler</cite> variety, and published -many translations. He was -the first Chaplain to the Royal -Academy, and composed a -song, “The Patrons,” that -was sung at the inaugural -dinner.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_380" id="Footnote_380"></a><a href="#FNanchor_380"><span class="label">[380]</span></a> This certificate does not -answer Smith’s inquiry: the -place of the marriage. As a -matter of fact, Dr. Francklin’s -chapel, where the ceremony -was performed, was not in -Great Queen Street, but in -Queen Street, near Russell -Street, now Museum Street. -The Charity School opposite -the side entrance of Mudie’s -Library marks the site of the -chapel in which the knot was -tied between David Garrick -and Eva Maria Violetti. -The facts are given correctly -by a writer in <cite>Notes and Queries</cite> -(March 31, 1877), who puts in -the following documents:—</p> - -<p>“On the 22nd June, 1749, -Garrick was married to Eva -Maria Violetti by M. Francklin, -at his chapel near Russell -Street, Bloomsbury; and -afterwards, according to the -rites of the Roman Catholic -Church, by the Rev. M. Blyth, -at the chapel of the Portuguese -Embassy in South Audley -Street” (Garrick’s <cite>Correspondence</cite>, -1831).</p> - -<p>“Yesterday was married, -by the Rev. Mr. Francklin, -at his chapel, Russell Street, -Bloomsbury, David Garrick, -Esq., to Eva Maria Violetti” -(<cite>General Advertiser</cite>, June 23, -1749).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_381" id="Footnote_381"></a><a href="#FNanchor_381"><span class="label">[381]</span></a> No picture in the National -Gallery is better known and -admired than Rubens’s -“Chapeau de Paille.” It is -a portrait of Mdlle. Lunden, -with whom Rubens was in love. -He is said to have painted her -portrait without her knowledge -while she sat in her -garden, and to have obtained -her acceptance of the picture. -On her untimely death Rubens -begged back this portrait, -which her family had christened -“Le Chapeau de Paille,” -promising a replica in exchange. -This is the National -Gallery picture. In it, instead -of a straw hat (chapeau de -paille), Rubens has introduced -a beaver hat (chapeau de poil), -but the original name is still -in vogue, though the name -“Chapeau de Poil” appears on -the frame of the picture in -Room xii. of the National -Gallery. In 1822 the picture -passed from the Lunden family -to M. Van Niewenhuysen for -89,000 florins, and from him -it was acquired, through Smith -the printseller, by the British -Government.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_382" id="Footnote_382"></a><a href="#FNanchor_382"><span class="label">[382]</span></a> Edward Knight, known as -<span class="smcap">Little Knight</span>, is universally -stated to have been born in -Birmingham in 1774; “Bristol” -and “1778” are probably -misprints.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_383" id="Footnote_383"></a><a href="#FNanchor_383"><span class="label">[383]</span></a> <cite>Flora, or Hob in the -Well</cite>, a farce by Cibber, -adapted from Thomas Doggett’s -<cite>Country Wake</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_384" id="Footnote_384"></a><a href="#FNanchor_384"><span class="label">[384]</span></a> <cite>The Soldier’s Daughter</cite> is a -comedy by Cherry, Timothy -Quaint being a minor character.—<cite>Fortune’s -Frolic</cite> is a farce by -Allingham. Robin Roughhead, -a labourer, succeeds to the title -and wealth; then he marries his -humble sweetheart, Dolly, and -makes the best of landlords.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_385" id="Footnote_385"></a><a href="#FNanchor_385"><span class="label">[385]</span></a> Of Knight as an actor we -read: “There was an odd quickness, -and a certain droll play -about every muscle of his face, -that fully prepared the audience -for the jest that was to -follow. His Sim, in <cite>Wild -Oats</cite>, may be termed the -most chaste and natural performance -on the stage.” -It was remarked of Knight, -however, that he was too fond -of laughter and tears, “squeezing -his eyelids, and fidgetting -and pelting about, till he got -the necessary moisture.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_386" id="Footnote_386"></a><a href="#FNanchor_386"><span class="label">[386]</span></a> A bronze statue in the -garden of Burton Crescent -shows Cartwright as a small, -excessively bald man, seated -with what might be a blue-book -in his hand. A luxuriant -fig tree was threatening to -engulf him in its foliage in -September 1905. The inscription -states that he was “The -First Consistent and Persevering -Advocate of Universal -Suffrage, Equal Representation, -Vote by Ballot, and -Annual Parliaments.” For -every evil, even for cold -weather or bad plays, he prescribed -“Annual Parliaments -and Universal Suffrage.” The -Reverend J. Richardson, in his -<cite>Recollections</cite>, says that for -many years the Lords of the -Admiralty gave Cartwright -half-pay, without suspecting -that the “John Cartwright” -on their books was their arch-critic, -“Major” Cartwright, -whose commission in the -Nottinghamshire Militia had -put this handle to his name -and disguised his identity.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_387" id="Footnote_387"></a><a href="#FNanchor_387"><span class="label">[387]</span></a> It may be hoped that, had -Smith lived to prepare his -<span class="smcap">Book for a Rainy Day</span> for -the press, he would have -expunged these embittered -references to the wealth of -Nollekens and legateeship of -Francis Douce.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_388" id="Footnote_388"></a><a href="#FNanchor_388"><span class="label">[388]</span></a> Elizabeth Ogilvy Benger -(1778-1827) was an amiable -woman and a popular writer -of history and biography. She -was a friend of the Lambs, -Mrs. Barbauld, Mrs. Aikin, -Campbell, and others. Among -her works are <cite>Memoirs of Mary -Queen of Scots and Anne -Boleyn</cite>, and a poem on the -slave-trade.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_389" id="Footnote_389"></a><a href="#FNanchor_389"><span class="label">[389]</span></a> From Mr. W. Roberts’ -“<cite>Memorials of Christie’s</cite>, it appears -that the original cup -from Shakespeare’s mulberry -tree, which was presented to -David Garrick by the Mayor -and Corporation, at the time -of the Jubilee at Stratford, -realised 121 guineas on -April 30, 1825.” Smith mis-states -the date. On May 30, -1903, a figure of Shakespeare -carved from the tree was sold -at Sotheby’s for £13, 5s.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_390" id="Footnote_390"></a><a href="#FNanchor_390"><span class="label">[390]</span></a> See note, <a href="#Page_273">p. 273</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_391" id="Footnote_391"></a><a href="#FNanchor_391"><span class="label">[391]</span></a> This derivation has been -questioned by others. The -<cite>New English Dictionary</cite> leaves -the point doubtful, but quotes -the <cite>Globe</cite> of July 24, 1882: -“The ‘Busby,’ so often used -colloquially when a large bushy -wig is meant, most probably -took its origin … not from -Dr. Busby, the famous headmaster -of Westminster School, -but from the wig denominated -a ‘Buzz,’ from being frizzled -and bushy.” May it not be -that the word sprang from -“buzz,” in association with -the name of the famous headmaster?—the -one originating -and the other confirming its -use.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_392" id="Footnote_392"></a><a href="#FNanchor_392"><span class="label">[392]</span></a> Nevertheless periwigs were -known in England considerably -earlier. Fairholt mentions -one that was ordered “for -Sexton, the king’s fool,” in -the reign of Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span> In -Hall’s <cite>Satires</cite> (1598) a courtier -is made to lose his periwig -while trying to bow on a windy -day. Other instances are -quoted by Fairholt in <cite>Costume -in England</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_393" id="Footnote_393"></a><a href="#FNanchor_393"><span class="label">[393]</span></a> The Duke of Wellington -once entertained a dinner-table -with an account of -Louis <span class="smcapuc">XIV.</span>’s wig. His remarks -were thus reported, at -first hand, in <cite>Notes and Queries</cite> -of Nov. 25, 1871, by Mr. -Herbert Randolph:—</p> - -<p>“I was in the year 1834 or -1835 dining in company with -the Duke of Wellington at -Betshanger in Kent, then the -seat of Frederick Morice, Esq., -now of Sir Walter James. It -was about the time when the -Bishop of London (Dr. Blomfield) -had first appeared in the -House of Lords without his -wig, and a smart controversy -arising out of the fact was -going on. Opposite to the -Duke at table hung a portrait -of an admiral of Queen Anne’s -time, an ancestor of Mr. Morice, -and the finely painted ‘Ramillies -wig’ upon his head caught -the Duke’s attention. He -took occasion from this to -give, in his terse and decided -manner, a complete history of -wigs, having evidently mastered -the subject in reference -to the question of the day. He -concluded, to the point, by saying: -‘Louis the Fourteenth had -a hump, and no man, not even -his valet, ever saw him without -his wig. It hung down his -back, like the judges’ wigs, -to hide the hump. But the -Dauphin, who hadn’t a hump, -couldn’t bear the heat, so he -cut it round close to the poll; -and the episcopal wig that you -are all making such a fuss -about is the wig of the most -profligate days of the French -court.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_394" id="Footnote_394"></a><a href="#FNanchor_394"><span class="label">[394]</span></a> It was Woollett’s pleasing -custom to celebrate the completion -of a plate by firing a -cannon from the roof of his -house, No. 36 Charlotte Street, -Fitzroy Square. On this occasion -he doubtless used an extra -charge of powder.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_395" id="Footnote_395"></a><a href="#FNanchor_395"><span class="label">[395]</span></a> No allusion to Sir Cloudesley -Shovel was intended by Pope. -The line occurs in the <cite>Moral -Essays</cite>, Epistle iii.—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“When Hopkins dies, a thousand lights attend</div> -<div class="verse">The wretch, who living saved a candle’s end;</div> -<div class="verse">Shouldering God’s altar a vile image stands,</div> -<div class="verse">Belies his features, nay extends his hands;</div> -<div class="verse">That live-long wig which Gorgon’s self might own,</div> -<div class="verse">Eternal buckle takes in Parian stone.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>Pope’s own note to the last -line reads: “Ridicule the -wretched taste of carving large -periwigs on bustos, of which -there are several vile examples -among the tombs of Westminster -and elsewhere.” Pope’s -real victim, Hopkins, was -“Vulture” Hopkins, who died -in his house in Broad Street -in 1732, leaving a fortune of -£300,000 with peculiar conditions -attached. Several thousand -pounds were expended on -his funeral.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_396" id="Footnote_396"></a><a href="#FNanchor_396"><span class="label">[396]</span></a> Thomas Dawson, Viscount—not -Earl—of Cremorne, died -1813.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_397" id="Footnote_397"></a><a href="#FNanchor_397"><span class="label">[397]</span></a> The full-dress wigs of English -judges are the nearest -survival of the great Queen -Anne wigs familiar in the -portraits of these men. They -are made of white horse hair, -elaborately treated.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_398" id="Footnote_398"></a><a href="#FNanchor_398"><span class="label">[398]</span></a> Combing the wig in the -theatre and the drawing-room -was a habit, like twirling the -moustache. Dryden pictures -the wits rising as one man in -the pit of the theatre and -beginning to comb their wigs -while they stared at a new -masked beauty. “It became -the mark of a young man -of <i lang="fr">ton</i> to be seen combing -his periwig in the Mall, or -at the theatre” (Fairholt: -<cite>Costume in England</cite>). Hats -were not worn on perukes -that cost forty or fifty pounds. -In Wycherley’s <cite>Love in a -Wood</cite> (1672) we read: “A -lodging is as unnecessary a -thing to a widow that has -a coach, as a hat to a man -that has a good peruke.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_399" id="Footnote_399"></a><a href="#FNanchor_399"><span class="label">[399]</span></a> It is said that, as a rule, -Lely’s male portraits of the -Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span> period can be distinguished -at once from Kneller’s -portraits of the Court of -William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, by observing that -in the former the ends of the -wig descend on the chest, in -the latter they fall behind -the shoulders.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_400" id="Footnote_400"></a><a href="#FNanchor_400"><span class="label">[400]</span></a> The distinction is particularly -important in the case of -Cibber, whose wig in the part -of Sir Fopling Flutter was so -admired that he regularly had -it brought in a sedan-chair -to the footlights, where he -publicly donned it with great -applause. Cibber’s modest -private wig can be studied -in Roubiliac’s coloured bust -in the National Portrait -Gallery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_401" id="Footnote_401"></a><a href="#FNanchor_401"><span class="label">[401]</span></a> John Wallis, D.D. (1616-1703), -a distinguished mathematician -as well as theologian.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_402" id="Footnote_402"></a><a href="#FNanchor_402"><span class="label">[402]</span></a> Several particulars of -Johnson’s wigs are given by -Boswell. The improvements -he made in his dress through -the influence of Mrs. Thrale -included “a Paris-made wig -of handsome construction.” -“In general,” says Croker, -“his wigs were very shabby, -and their fore parts were -burned away by the near -approach of the candle, which -his short-sightedness rendered -necessary in reading. At -Streatham Mrs. Thrale’s -butler always kept a better -wig in his own hands, with -which he met Johnson at the -parlour door, when the bell -had called him down to dinner; -and this ludicrous ceremony -was performed every day.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_403" id="Footnote_403"></a><a href="#FNanchor_403"><span class="label">[403]</span></a> “Mr. Hillier, I believe, was -of the same family as the late -Nathaniel Hillier of Stoke, -near Guildford, one of whose -daughters married Colonel -Onslow. He was a most extensive -collector of engravings, -and his cabinets contained -numerous rarities, but he -spoiled all his prints by staining -them with coffee, to produce, -as he thought, a mellow -tint, but by which process -he not only deprived most -of them of their pristine -brilliancy, but rendered their -sale considerably less productive” -(Smith). The trick -of staining prints with coffee -was once fairly common among -collectors.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_404" id="Footnote_404"></a><a href="#FNanchor_404"><span class="label">[404]</span></a> Probably the pendent bobs -or “dildos” on the “campaign” -wig introduced in the -reign of Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span> were the -origin of the pigtail. The -“Ramillies” wig, named after -the battle of 1706, had a long -plaited tail, and immediately -became the fashion. By 1731 -the pigtail wig had reached -its height of popularity and -absurdity.</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“But pray, what’s that much like a whip,</div> -<div class="verse">Which with the air does wav’ring skip</div> -<div class="verse">From side to side, and hip to hip?”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p class="noindent">asks a country visitor in <cite>The -Metamorphosis of the Town</cite>, -and is answered—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Sir, do not look so fierce and big,</div> -<div class="verse">It is a modish pigtail wig.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_405" id="Footnote_405"></a><a href="#FNanchor_405"><span class="label">[405]</span></a> Horwood’s map of London -(1799) shows the river walk -from Abingdon Street almost -to Chelsea Bridge between -willows, along the water-edge, -and nursery gardens. A good -idea of Millbank as it was -at this period may be -obtained from the Earl of -Albemarle’s <cite>Fifty Years of -my Life</cite> (vol. i. cap. vi.), where -we see the boys of Westminster -School roaming these -spaces, hiring guns from -Mother Hubbard, and obtaining -dogs and badgers from -their obliging friend, William -Heberfield, “Slender Billy,” -who was mercilessly hanged in -1812 for passing forged notes. -See a curious account of -Palmer’s village in Charles -Manby Smith’s <cite>Curiosities of -London Life</cite> (1853). Smith -has an etching of the Willow -Walk in his <cite>Remarks on Rural -Scenery</cite> (1797).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_406" id="Footnote_406"></a><a href="#FNanchor_406"><span class="label">[406]</span></a> William Collins, a modeller -of mantelpieces and friezes, -was an intimate friend of -Nathaniel Smith (J. T. S.’s -father), and is described by -Smith, in his <cite>Antient Topography -of London</cite>, as a fascinating -modeller in clay and -wax, and carver in wood. -He took many of his subjects -from Æsop’s Fables, and was -much employed by Sir Henry -Cheere, the statuary, who then -had workshops near the south-east -corner of Henry the -Seventh’s Chapel. Roubillac -worked here when he first -came to England. Collins -died in Tothill Fields, May -31, 1793. His mantelpiece -in Ancaster House remains.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_407" id="Footnote_407"></a><a href="#FNanchor_407"><span class="label">[407]</span></a> Belgrave House stood at -the west end of Millbank Row, -the continuation of Abingdon -Street. The Millbank of -Gainsborough’s days extended -from this point southward -and westward (as it rounded -the obtuse promontory) as -far as the White Lead Mills, -whence Turpentine Lane led -north to the Jenny’s Whim -Tavern and bridge. This -picturesque wooden bridge -spanned a reservoir of the -Chelsea water-works.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_408" id="Footnote_408"></a><a href="#FNanchor_408"><span class="label">[408]</span></a> Albert van Everdingen -(1621-1725), a Dutch painter -of landscapes and sea-pieces.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_409" id="Footnote_409"></a><a href="#FNanchor_409"><span class="label">[409]</span></a> Jan van Goyen (1596-1656) -was born at Leyden. -His favourite subjects were -river banks with peasants. -Three of his pictures are in -the National Gallery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_410" id="Footnote_410"></a><a href="#FNanchor_410"><span class="label">[410]</span></a> Jacob van Ruysdael -(1628-82), the greatest of -Dutch landscape painters.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_411" id="Footnote_411"></a><a href="#FNanchor_411"><span class="label">[411]</span></a> Cornelius Gerritz Dekker -(died 1678) painted at Haarlem; -one of his landscapes is -in the National Gallery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_412" id="Footnote_412"></a><a href="#FNanchor_412"><span class="label">[412]</span></a> The Neat House Gardens -added much to the pleasantness -of the river walk at -Millbank. They were held by -gardeners who grew fruit and -vegetables here for the London -markets. About 1831 the soil -taken to form St. Katherine’s -Docks was brought up the -river and laid upon them; -after which Lupus Street and -many other Pimlico streets -were built on their site. It -is a pity that no local name-relic -exists of gardens which -Massinger knew as a place -for musk-melons (<cite>City -Madam</cite>, Act iii. sc. 1), which -Pepys visited with his wife, -and which “would have -pleased Ruysdael.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_413" id="Footnote_413"></a><a href="#FNanchor_413"><span class="label">[413]</span></a> On August 3, 1802, Garnerin, -or Garnerini, ascended -in a balloon from Vauxhall -Gardens with his wife and -Mr. Glasford. A cat, which -they dropped in a parachute, -fell safely in a garden at -Hampstead, and the balloon -itself, after passing over the -Green Park, Paddington, etc., -descended in a paddock at -Lord Rosslyn’s, at the top -of Hampstead Hill. Mrs. -Garnerin afterwards lost her -life through ascending from -Paris with fireworks.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_414" id="Footnote_414"></a><a href="#FNanchor_414"><span class="label">[414]</span></a> I conjecture that this is -a misprint, and that Smith’s -correspondent was St. Schültze, -an artist and writer of ability, -of whom Eckermann, in his -<cite>Conversations with Goethe</cite>, -writes, May 15, 1826: “I -talked with Goethe to-day -about St. Schültze, of whom -he spoke very kindly. ‘When -I was ill a few weeks since,’ -said he, ‘I read his <cite>Heitere -Stunden</cite>’ (Cheerful Hours) ‘with -great pleasure.’ If Schültze -had lived in England, he would -have made an epoch; for, -with his gift of observing and -depicting, nothing was wanting -but the sight of life on a -large scale.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_415" id="Footnote_415"></a><a href="#FNanchor_415"><span class="label">[415]</span></a> Friederich Campe compiled -for the occasion a little book -called <cite>Reliquien von Albrecht -Dürer</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_416" id="Footnote_416"></a><a href="#FNanchor_416"><span class="label">[416]</span></a> Peter von Cornelius. Born -at Düsseldorf in 1783, he -achieved his great reputation -at Munich, where he directed -the Academy and embellished -many public buildings. He -died so late as 1867.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_417" id="Footnote_417"></a><a href="#FNanchor_417"><span class="label">[417]</span></a> Johann Gottlieb Schneider -(1789-1864), of Dresden, one -of the first organists of his -day.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_418" id="Footnote_418"></a><a href="#FNanchor_418"><span class="label">[418]</span></a> After Dürer’s death from -a decline, his close friend, -Porkheimer, wrote to Johann -Tscherte, of Vienna: “Nothing -grieves me deeper than that -he should have died so painful -a death, which, under God’s -providence, I can ascribe to -nobody but his huswife, who -gnawed into his very heart, -and so tormented him, that -he departed hence the sooner; -for he was dried up to a faggot, -and might nowhere seek a -jovial humour, or go to his -friends.… She and her -sister are not queans; they -are, I doubt not, in the -number of honest, devout, -and altogether God-fearing -women; but a man might -better have a quean, who -was otherwise kindly, than -such a gnawing, suspicious, -quarrelsome, good woman, -with whom he can have no -peace or quiet, neither by -day nor by night.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_419" id="Footnote_419"></a><a href="#FNanchor_419"><span class="label">[419]</span></a> The architect, and author -of a fine work on <cite>Ancient -and Ornamental Architecture -at Rome and in Italy</cite>, the -materials for which he collected -in the tour he mentions to -Smith. He married the -daughter of Smith’s acquaintance, -Williams, a well-known -button-maker in St. Martin’s -Lane. William Blake found -in him a good friend, and was -worshipped by his son, Frederick -Tatham, who said that -a stroll with Blake was “as -if he were walking with the -Prophet Isaiah.” Late in life -Charles Tatham fell into money -difficulties, but obtained the -post of warden of Greenwich -Hospital, where he died in -1842.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_420" id="Footnote_420"></a><a href="#FNanchor_420"><span class="label">[420]</span></a> Stephen Porter of the -Middle Temple, and of Trinity -College, Cambridge, translated -from the German a -play called <cite>Lovers’ Vows</cite>, by -Augustus von Kotzebue, 1798.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_421" id="Footnote_421"></a><a href="#FNanchor_421"><span class="label">[421]</span></a> Copper Holmes had constructed -a floating home out -of a West Country vessel, -which cost him £150. He -appears to have had his name -“Copper” from the metal he -acquired with this hulk. His -ark was considered a nuisance, -and the City authorities brought -an action to compel him to -remove it. He died in 1821.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_422" id="Footnote_422"></a><a href="#FNanchor_422"><span class="label">[422]</span></a> “The flat pavement on -the southern side of the -church, facing the “Golden -Cross,” is called “the Watermen’s -Burying-ground,” from -the number of old Thames -watermen who were brought -thither to their last long -rest from Hungerford, York, -and Whitehall Stairs” (Walford: -<cite>Old and New London</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_423" id="Footnote_423"></a><a href="#FNanchor_423"><span class="label">[423]</span></a> The reference is to an -impersonation of Joe Hatch, -the waterman, which Charles -Mathews included in one of -the single-handed “At Home” -entertainments which he -started in 1818. “One of the -best occasional delineations of -character, is that of Joe Hatch, -a waterman, who is also -termed the Thames Chancellor -and Boat Barrister, a fellow -(we presume a real portrait, -though we have not the good -fortune to know the original) -who lays down the law of -his craft, promotes and allays -quarrels, and gratifies his fare -with a ‘long, tough yarn’ of -his own adventures” (<cite>Memoirs -of Charles Mathews</cite>).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_424" id="Footnote_424"></a><a href="#FNanchor_424"><span class="label">[424]</span></a> “Curtis’s Halfpenny Hatch -was a passage across St. -George’s Fields from Narrow -Wall, opposite Somerset House. -It was a halfpenny toll-way -through extensive nursery -grounds” (<cite>Wine and Walnuts</cite>). -It is now commemorated in -the name Hatch Row, Roupell -Street, Lambeth, and I have -found that Palmer Street is -still called, locally, “up the -Hatch,” though, of course, -nothing in the shape of a -Hatch has existed within living -memory. “Hatches,” or gates, -at which halfpennies were -levied, were common on the -outskirts of London. Nollekens -told Smith that he remembered -one in Charlotte Street, kept -by a miller, and another -between the Oxford Road -(Oxford Street) and Grosvenor -Square.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_425" id="Footnote_425"></a><a href="#FNanchor_425"><span class="label">[425]</span></a> Philip Astley, the great -equestrian, was inspired by -the feats of Johnson and -others at the Three Hats -Tavern, Islington, to give his -exhibitions in an open field -near the Waterloo Road. The -price of admission was sixpence. -Astley started with only one -horse, given him by General -Elliott, in whose regiment he -had served. A clown named -Porter supplied the comic -relief. In 1770 he moved to -the foot of Westminster Bridge, -where his famous Amphitheatre -took shape. He is said rarely -to have given more than -five pounds for a horse, troubling -“little for shape, make, -or colour; temper was the -only consideration.” His circus -was repeatedly burnt down, -but it became one of the -recognised sights of London. -On September 12, 1783, -Horace Walpole writes: “I -could find nothing at all to do, -and so went to Astley’s, which -indeed was much beyond my -expectation. I do not wonder -any longer that Darius was -chosen king by the instructions -he gave to his horse; nor that -Caligula made his a consul.”</p> - -<p>After Astley’s death in 1814, -his manager, the great Ducrow, -became the head of the circus -business. The Ducrow family -monument is a striking object -in Kensal Green cemetery, -where also is seen the monument -of the Cooke family, -whose head, Thomas Cooke, -owned a circus in Astley’s -time, and took it to Mauchline -in 1784, where it was visited -by Burns. The writer of an -interesting article on the Cookes -in the <cite>Tatler</cite> of July 29, 1903, -says: “The aristocrats of the -sawdust, they have been -entertaining for at least 120 -years, and to-day wherever -there is a circus there is a -Cooke.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_426" id="Footnote_426"></a><a href="#FNanchor_426"><span class="label">[426]</span></a> This “dell” is still apparent -in Salutation Court, in -which is Hatch Row.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_427" id="Footnote_427"></a><a href="#FNanchor_427"><span class="label">[427]</span></a> William Curtis (1746-99) -had this botanical garden in -Lambeth Marsh, and there -collected some of the material -for his <cite>Flora Londinensis</cite>. -Later, he opened his large -establishment at Brompton. -In 1782, he rendered a curious -service to the suburbs by -writing <cite>A Short History of -the Brown-Tail Moth</cite>, to allay -“the alarm which had been -excited in the country round -the Metropolis by an extraordinary -abundance of the -caterpillars of this moth, and -which was so great, that the -parish officers … attended -in form to see them burnt by -bushels at a time” (Nichol’s -<cite>Literary Anecdotes</cite>). Curtis -was buried in Battersea parish -church.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_428" id="Footnote_428"></a><a href="#FNanchor_428"><span class="label">[428]</span></a> Richard Palmer Roupell, -a wealthy lead-smelter in -Gravel Lane, Southwark, -owned much property in -Southwark, Lambeth, and -elsewhere. He lived at Aspen -House, Brixton. There is a -Roupell Road at Streatham -and a Roupell Street in Lambeth. -The name of Curtis, -the botanist, deserves, but -has not found, similar perpetuation -in the neighbourhood.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_429" id="Footnote_429"></a><a href="#FNanchor_429"><span class="label">[429]</span></a> Strand Lane Stairs was -the river outlet of Strand -Lane, a narrow street which -ran down from the Strand -east of Somerset House. As -Mr. Wheatley points out, it -was originally the channel of -the rivulet which crossed the -Strand under Strand Bridge. -The landing-place is now lost -under the Embankment, but -the upper portion of the lane -still exists, and leads to the -famous Roman Bath, which -every Londoner intends to, -but does not, visit.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_430" id="Footnote_430"></a><a href="#FNanchor_430"><span class="label">[430]</span></a> This restoration of the -Chapel (the Banqueting House) -was carried out by Sir John -Soane, 1829-30.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_431" id="Footnote_431"></a><a href="#FNanchor_431"><span class="label">[431]</span></a> Henry Smedley, of Westminster, -gave up the profession -of the law for the study of the -arts. He died in his house in -the Broad Sanctuary, March -14, 1832.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_432" id="Footnote_432"></a><a href="#FNanchor_432"><span class="label">[432]</span></a> Richard Parkes Bonnington -had not been dead a year -when this talk was proceeding. -His success had outrun his -strength, and a most promising -career was closed by consumption, -September 23, 1828. -He lies in St. James’s Church -in Pentonville. Bonnington’s -work is much appreciated in -France. In the Louvre, where -he studied as a boy, there are -one or two fine examples -of his work. The National -Gallery has his “Venice: the -Pillars of Piazzetta.” That the -British Museum Print-Room -has a fine collection of his -sketches is largely due to the -fact that he died during a -visit to England, and that his -drawings went to Christie’s, -where they fetched £1200.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_433" id="Footnote_433"></a><a href="#FNanchor_433"><span class="label">[433]</span></a> This elaborate and beautiful -work stands in the centre -of St. Andrew’s Chapel. Beneath -a canopy supported on -columns lie the effigies of Lord -and Lady Norris, and round -them kneel their six soldier -sons, four of whom died on -the field. In his <cite>Antient -Topography</cite> Smith tells how -Roubiliac admired this stately -cenotaph. “When my father -had occasion to go to his -master (Roubiliac) during the -time he was putting up Sir -Peter Warren’s monument in -the Abbey, he was generally -found standing by the monument -of Norris, or by that -of Vere. On one of these -attendances he was observed -with his arms folded before -the north-west corner figure -of one of the six knights (the -sons) who support the cenotaph -of Lord Norris, and -appeared as if rivetted to the -spot. My father, who had -thrice delivered his message, -without being once noticed, -was at last smartly pinched -on the elbow by Roubiliac, -who at the same time said, -but in a soft and smothered -tone of voice, ‘Hush! Hush! -He’ll <em>speak</em> presently.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_434" id="Footnote_434"></a><a href="#FNanchor_434"><span class="label">[434]</span></a> William Esdaile (1758-1837) was a partner in the -banking house of Esdaile, -Hammet, & Co., 21 Lombard -Street. He took up print-collecting -and bought lavishly. -Falling into ill health, he spent -the last five years of his life in -poring over his prints, and -died in his Clapham house, -October 2, 1837. The disposal -of his remarkable collection -at Christie’s occupied -sixteen days, and was attended -by buyers from the Continent.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_435" id="Footnote_435"></a><a href="#FNanchor_435"><span class="label">[435]</span></a> The Clapham visited by -Smith was that of Lord -Macaulay’s young manhood -and of Ruskin’s boyhood, and -was rural and open beyond -the belief of the present -generation. In his recently -published <cite>Life and Letters of -Sir George Grove</cite>, Mr. Charles -L. Graves says: “All the way -from Wandsworth Road to -Clapham Junction the neighbourhood -was a favourite -resort for solid City people, -the wealthiest living on Clapham -Common. But Clapham -was thoroughly rural and not -even semi-suburban in the -‘twenties’ and ‘thirties.’ -Mr. Edmund Grove distinctly -recollects seeing a man in the -stocks at Clapham, then a -most picturesque village with -a watch-house for the ‘Charlies,’ -and old inns with timbered -fronts and spacious courtyards.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_436" id="Footnote_436"></a><a href="#FNanchor_436"><span class="label">[436]</span></a> Charles Alexandre de -Calonne succeeded Necker -as comptroller-general of -finance in 1783. He was -unable to reduce French -finance to order, and in 1787 -found it advisable to retire -to England. In Sir Nathaniel -Wraxhall’s <cite>Memoirs</cite> I find the -following:—</p> - -<p>“The tester of Calonne’s -bed having fallen upon him -during the night, together with -a portion of the ceiling of the -room, he narrowly escaped -suffocation. All Paris, when -the fact became known, exclaimed, -‘Juste ciel!’ The -tester of a bed is denominated -in French ‘le ciel du lit.’… -With him may be said to have -commenced the emigration -(to England) which soon became -so general.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_437" id="Footnote_437"></a><a href="#FNanchor_437"><span class="label">[437]</span></a> Henry Peter Standly, of -St. Neot’s, an active magistrate, -possessed an unrivalled -collection of Hogarth’s prints -and drawings, which was dispersed -at Christie’s in 1845. -He purchased drawings of -landscapes from Smith.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_438" id="Footnote_438"></a><a href="#FNanchor_438"><span class="label">[438]</span></a> See note, <a href="#Page_4">p. 4</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_439" id="Footnote_439"></a><a href="#FNanchor_439"><span class="label">[439]</span></a> John Inigo Richards, R.A., -was one of the original members -of the Royal Academy, -and its secretary from 1788. -He was for many years principal -scene-painter at Covent -Garden. He died in his -Academy apartments, Dec. -18, 1810.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_440" id="Footnote_440"></a><a href="#FNanchor_440"><span class="label">[440]</span></a> Edwards’s <cite>Anecdotes of -Painters</cite>.—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_441" id="Footnote_441"></a><a href="#FNanchor_441"><span class="label">[441]</span></a> Probably Dr. Robert -Richardson, M.D., who had -been travelling physician to -Lord Mountjoy. He died in -Gordon Street, Bloomsbury, -November 5, 1847.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_442" id="Footnote_442"></a><a href="#FNanchor_442"><span class="label">[442]</span></a> Enthusiasm for art and -carelessness of money went -to the forming of Sir Thomas -Lawrence’s unrivalled collection. -Cunningham says: “Of -every eminent artist he had -such specimens as no other -person possessed; not huddled -into heaps, or scattered like the -leaves of the Sibyl, but arranged -in fine large portfolios properly -labelled and enshrined.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_443" id="Footnote_443"></a><a href="#FNanchor_443"><span class="label">[443]</span></a> Smith could not have seen -the whole of Sir Peter Lely’s -collection of prints and drawings. -These were sold by -auction in 1687, the sale lasting -more than a month.—Thomas -Hudson (1701-79) painted -the portraits of members of -the Dilettanti Society, and, -being wealthy, collected many -fine prints and drawings.—Archibald -Campbell, third -Duke, formed a very fine -library.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_444" id="Footnote_444"></a><a href="#FNanchor_444"><span class="label">[444]</span></a> This name is given as -Serre in the three old -editions of the <cite>Rainy Day</cite>—a -very misleading erratum. -William Score was born in -Devonshire about 1778. He -became a pupil of Joshua -Reynolds, and regularly exhibited -portraits at the Royal -Academy.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_445" id="Footnote_445"></a><a href="#FNanchor_445"><span class="label">[445]</span></a> “Sir Joshua Reynolds commenced -two of his finest -historical pictures without -settling in what way the compositions -were to be completed, -or, indeed, without even thinking -of their subjects. The -head of Count Ugolino at -Knowle, and the Infant Christ -in Macklin’s picture, were -painted on the canvases long -before the artist considered -subjects or combinations” (S.).—This -historical painting, says -Northcote, existed simply as -a head of the Count until -Burke and Goldsmith praised -it, whereupon Sir Joshua had -his canvas enlarged in order -that he might add the other -figures. When finished, the -picture was bought by the -Duke of Dorset for 400 guineas. -It is not Reynolds at his best, -and Charles Lamb, who saw -it at the Reynolds exhibition -held in 1813 in Pall Mall, -criticised it rather severely.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_446" id="Footnote_446"></a><a href="#FNanchor_446"><span class="label">[446]</span></a> Charles Howard, Earl of -Nottingham, Lord High Admiral -at the defeat of the -Armada, best known to history -as Lord Howard of Effingham. -The portrait Smith missed -was painted by Frederigo -Zucchero, whose (attributed) -portraits of Queen Elizabeth, -Leicester, Raleigh, and James <span class="smcapuc">I.</span> -are in the National Portrait -Gallery. His Howard is now -in the Painted Hall at Greenwich. -The portraits of the -Admirals were presented to -Greenwich Hospital by George -<span class="smcapuc">IV.</span> (not William <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>) in 1823. -William IV. added five naval -pictures in 1835. As will be -seen on a later page, Smith’s -curiosity about the hanging -of these pictures led him to -visit Greenwich next day.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_447" id="Footnote_447"></a><a href="#FNanchor_447"><span class="label">[447]</span></a> Francis Legat, a Scotch -engraver, came to London -about 1780, and lived at 22 -Charles Street, Westminster. -Here he engraved “Mary -Queen of Scots resigning her -Crown” after Hamilton in -1786, and later Northcote’s -painting. He died in 1809.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_448" id="Footnote_448"></a><a href="#FNanchor_448"><span class="label">[448]</span></a> Chantrey’s group, “The -Sleeping Children,” in Lichfield -Cathedral.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_449" id="Footnote_449"></a><a href="#FNanchor_449"><span class="label">[449]</span></a> This statue is now in the -British Museum.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_450" id="Footnote_450"></a><a href="#FNanchor_450"><span class="label">[450]</span></a> The Chelsea porcelain manufacture -was founded about -1745, and was at the height -of its fame from 1750 to 1764 -under Mr. Sprimont. The -works finally closed in 1784. -The Chelsea potters went forthwith -to Derby, where they -founded the Chelsea-Derby -pottery. Remains of the old -Chelsea furnaces, in which Dr. -Johnson was allowed to test his -compositions, are still to be -seen in the cellars of the Prince -of Wales Tavern, at the corner -of Justice Walk and Lawrence -Street, Chelsea.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_451" id="Footnote_451"></a><a href="#FNanchor_451"><span class="label">[451]</span></a> The case of Chelsea china -in the British Museum contains -similar figures of the Earl -of Chatham, George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, a -Thames waterman wearing -Doggett’s Coat and Badge, -etc.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_452" id="Footnote_452"></a><a href="#FNanchor_452"><span class="label">[452]</span></a> Johan Zoffany, R.A., born -at Frankfort about 1735, -painted portraits of Garrick, -one of the best representing -the actor as Abel Drugger.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_453" id="Footnote_453"></a><a href="#FNanchor_453"><span class="label">[453]</span></a> Thomas Davies, the actor -and bookseller, more famous as -the introducer to Dr. Johnson -of Boswell. Johnson wrote the -first sentence of his <cite>Memoirs -of David Garrick</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_454" id="Footnote_454"></a><a href="#FNanchor_454"><span class="label">[454]</span></a> These pictures were the -“Canvass,” the “Poll,” the -“Chairing,” and the “Election Feast.” They are said -to have been painted by -Hogarth for about forty-five -guineas apiece. At the sale of -Garrick’s pictures at Christie’s -in June 1823 they were bought -by Sir John Soane, and are in -the Soane Museum.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_455" id="Footnote_455"></a><a href="#FNanchor_455"><span class="label">[455]</span></a> In 1829 the surprising period -of seventy-three years had -elapsed since Garrick became -the tenant of his famous villa. -He had enlarged and improved -the house, planted many trees -in the grounds, and erected -on his lawn a “Grecian Temple” -to receive the statue of Shakespeare -by Roubiliac which -now stands in the entrance -hall of the British Museum. -Here also stood his famous -Shakespeare chair, designed by -Hogarth: it is now in the -possession of the Baroness -Burdett-Coutts. At Hampton -Garrick received his friends -with great hospitality, and -occasionally gave <i lang="fr">fêtes champêtres</i> -with the accompaniments -of fireworks and illuminations. -Horace Walpole, -finding himself a fellow-visitor -with the Duke of Grafton, -Lord and Lady Rochford, the -Spanish Minister, and other -great people, wrote to Bentley: -“This is being <i lang="fr">sur un assez -bon ton</i> for a player.” Garrick -gave treats to the children -of Hampton in his grounds. -After his death, Hampton -House and the house in Adelphi -Terrace were occupied -for forty-three years by Mrs. -Garrick. She preserved the -Hampton furniture exactly as -her husband left it.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_456" id="Footnote_456"></a><a href="#FNanchor_456"><span class="label">[456]</span></a> The mystery of Mrs. -Garrick’s origin has never been -cleared up. Some authorities -say that she was the daughter -of a respectable Vienna citizen -named John Veigel. According -to the story told by Charles -Lee Lewis (see his <cite>Memoirs</cite>, -1805), and denied by Mrs. -Garrick, she was the fruit -of a liaison which the Earl -of Burlington formed with a -young lady of family on the -Continent. At the time of -her birth the Earl was back -in England, whence he remitted -funds for his daughter’s support. -The money is said to have -been dishonestly retained by -the person in whose charge -she was placed, and the child -herself to have been forced -to earn a living as a dancer. -The Earl, hearing of this, -arranged that she should come -to England and dance for a -higher salary. Later he took -her into his house as companion -and teacher to his legitimate -daughter. Then Garrick appeared -on the scene, and the -benevolent Earl said to him: -“Do you think you could -satisfactorily receive her from -my hands with a portion of -ten thousand pounds?—and -here let me inform you that -she is my daughter.”</p> - -<p>The above story is told by -Lee Lewis on the authority -of “an aged domestic who -lived at the time it happened -at Burlington House, Piccadilly.” -Apparently the same -gossiping lady is referred to -in the following note in Mr. -Percy Fitzgerald’s <cite>Life of -Garrick</cite>: “A curious little -story comes to me, told originally -by a housekeeper in the -Burlington family, and, though -based on such a loose foundation, -may be worth repeating. -On this authority, the story ran -that Lord Burlington, coming -to see her, was struck by a -picture, and, on inquiry, found -she was actually the daughter -of a lady whom he had known -abroad. The result was the -discovery that the Violette -was actually his daughter. -The authority of the old housekeeper -seems below the dignity -of biography, but her testimony -comes to us very circumstantially.”</p> - -<p>The story of Violette’s relationship -to the Earl of -Burlington was supported by -the covert kindness which she -received from that nobleman. -But it has to be remembered -that she was the “rage” of -the whole town, “the finest -and most admired dancer in -the world,” according to Walpole, -and that Lady Burlington, -not less than her lord, was -so fond of her, that she would -accompany her to the theatre, -and wait in the wings with -a pelisse to throw over her -when she came off the stage. -Mr. Fitzgerald’s conclusion on -the whole matter is that “her -father was someone of rank -at Vienna, possibly one of -the Starenberg family, from -whom it is said she brought -letters of introduction to -England.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_457" id="Footnote_457"></a><a href="#FNanchor_457"><span class="label">[457]</span></a> Lancelot Brown (1715-83) -is generally considered -the founder of modern -“natural” as distinct from -“formal” landscape-gardening. -He laid out Kew, the -grounds of Blenheim, and -parts of St. James’s Park -and Kensington Gardens. His -conversational abilities, extolled -by Hannah More, contributed to his fame. John -Taylor relates that he once -assisted the gouty Lord -Chatham into his carriage. -“Now, sir, go and adorn your -country,” said the grateful -statesman. To which Brown -aptly replied: “Go you, my -lord, and save it.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_458" id="Footnote_458"></a><a href="#FNanchor_458"><span class="label">[458]</span></a> Pain’s Hill, at Cobham, -Surrey, was considered a -triumph of landscape gardening -by Horace Walpole and -other connoisseurs. Its owner, -the Hon. Charles Hamilton, -not content with artificial -ruins and temples disposed -after the pictures of Poussin -and Claude, added a hermitage -and engaged a hermit -at £700 a year. But as the -hermit had all the hardship, -and Hamilton all the sentiment, -the arrangement broke -down.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_459" id="Footnote_459"></a><a href="#FNanchor_459"><span class="label">[459]</span></a> Mr. Carr’s mention of -Johnson’s frequent visits recalls -the answer he made to -Garrick when asked how he -liked the spot: “Ah, David! -it is the leaving of such places -that makes a death-bed -terrible.” Some interesting -matter relating to the Garricks -at Hampton will be -found in Mr. Henry Ripley’s -<cite>History and Topography of -Hampton-on-Thames</cite>. The -existence of the villa has -recently been threatened by -the westward extension of -London’s electric tramways, -but, happily, the danger of -its removal has been averted.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_460" id="Footnote_460"></a><a href="#FNanchor_460"><span class="label">[460]</span></a> George Garrard, A.R.A. -(1760-1826), animal painter -and sculptor, led a successful -movement to obtain copyright -protection for works of plastic -art. He died at Queen’s -Buildings, Brompton.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_461" id="Footnote_461"></a><a href="#FNanchor_461"><span class="label">[461]</span></a> Michael Dahl (1656-1743) -was born in Stockholm. He -settled in London, and became -the rival of Kneller. “If he -excelled, it was only in the -mediocrity by which he was -surrounded” (Redgrave). He -was buried in St. James’s -Church, Piccadilly.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_462" id="Footnote_462"></a><a href="#FNanchor_462"><span class="label">[462]</span></a> “I have not heard that -song better performed since -Mr. Incledon sung it. He -was a great singer, sir, and I -may say, in the words of our -immortal Shakespeare, that, -take him for all in all, we -shall not look upon his like -again.” In these words -Hoskins of the <cite>Cave of Harmony</cite> -complimented Colonel -Newcome on his rendering -of “Wapping Old Stairs.” -Incledon began life in the -navy, where he sang himself -into the good graces of his -Admiral. Coming to London -in 1783, he became a public -singer; but it was not until -1790 that his success was -established by his performance -in <cite>The Poor Soldier</cite> at -Covent Garden. In his later -years he relied mainly on the -provinces, in which he travelled -under the style of “The -Wandering Melodist.” Though -exquisite in song he was clumsy -in appearance. Leslie, the -painter, describes him as -having “the face and figure -of a low sailor,” yet with these -“the most manly and at the -same time the most agreeable -voice I ever heard.” Another -good authority records that -his voice “was of extraordinary -power, both in the -natural and the falsetto. The -former, from A to G, a compass -of about fourteen notes, was -full and open, neither partaking -of the reed nor the string, -and sent forth without the -smallest artifice; and such -was its ductility, that when -he sang <i lang="it">pianissimo</i>, it retained -its original ductility. His -falsetto, which he could use -from D to E or F, or about -ten notes, was rich, sweet, -and brilliant.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_463" id="Footnote_463"></a><a href="#FNanchor_463"><span class="label">[463]</span></a> Funny-movers attended to -the boats. A funny was a -narrow, clinker-built pleasure -boat for a pair of sculls. “A -most melancholy accident -happened one evening this -week in the river off Fulham. -A young couple, on the point -of marriage, took a sail in a -funny, which unfortunately -upset, and the two lovers -were drowned” (<cite>Annual -Register</cite>, 1808).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_464" id="Footnote_464"></a><a href="#FNanchor_464"><span class="label">[464]</span></a> The Battersea market-gardeners -were famous. A -rhyme of 1802 says—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Gardeners in shoals from Battersea shall run,</div> -<div class="verse">To raise their kindlier hot-beds in the sun.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The first asparagus raised in -England is said to have come -from Battersea; and such was -the extent of the market-gardens, -that large numbers -of Welshwomen tramped -thither every spring for employment in the summer -months.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_465" id="Footnote_465"></a><a href="#FNanchor_465"><span class="label">[465]</span></a> Not Shakespeare.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_466" id="Footnote_466"></a><a href="#FNanchor_466"><span class="label">[466]</span></a> In <cite>A Sentimental Journey</cite>. -See “The Passport,” “The -Captive,” and “The Starling.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_467" id="Footnote_467"></a><a href="#FNanchor_467"><span class="label">[467]</span></a> “Old Granby” was doubtless -intended as a jesting -compliment to the pensioner, -in allusion to the bluff Lord -Manners, Marquess of Granby, -renowned for his toughness -and gallantry.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_468" id="Footnote_468"></a><a href="#FNanchor_468"><span class="label">[468]</span></a> Hugh Hewson died in 1809, -and it appears from a newspaper -of that year, quoted by -Robert Chambers (<cite>Favourite -Authors</cite>: Smollett), that he -was proud of being the prototype -of Strap. “His shop -was hung round with Latin -quotations, and he would -frequently point out to his -acquaintance the several -scenes in <cite>Roderick Random</cite> -pertaining to himself, which -had their foundation, not in -the Doctor’s inventive fancy, -but in truth and reality. The -Doctor’s meeting him at a -barber’s shop at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, -and the subsequent -mistake at the inn; their -arrival together in London, -and the assistance they experienced -from Strap’s friend, -were all of that description.”</p> - -<p>But there are four Straps -in the field. Faulkner, in his -<cite>Chelsea</cite>, finds the “real” Strap -in one William Lewis, a book-binder, who died in 1785. -Smollett, he says, induced -Lewis to set up business in -Chelsea, and procured him -customers. “I resided seven -years in the same house with -his widow, and had frequent -opportunities of hearing a -confirmation of the anecdotes -of her husband, as related by -the celebrated novelist.”</p> - -<p>Another claimant was one -Duncan Niven, a Glasgow -wig-maker, referred to in the -<cite>Gentleman’s Magazine</cite> as “the -person, it is said, from whom -Dr. Smollett took his character -of Strap in <cite>Roderick Random</cite>.”</p> - -<p>Lastly, one Hutchinson, a -Dunbar barber, had some -pretensions to be Strap.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_469" id="Footnote_469"></a><a href="#FNanchor_469"><span class="label">[469]</span></a> Of these taverns the most -famous are the Old Swans -at London Bridge and Chelsea. -The former stood for centuries -beside Swan Stairs (now represented -by the Old Swan Pier), -and was well known to all -passengers on the river who -elected to avoid the dangerous -“shooting” of London -Bridge. On July 30, 1763, Dr. -Johnson and Boswell landed -for this reason at the Old -Swan on their way down to -Greenwich, re-embarking at -Billingsgate.</p> - -<p>The name of the Old Swan -of Chelsea, an inn known -to Pepys, is perpetuated in -Old Swan House, a modern -residence built from the designs -of Mr. Norman Shaw. The -“New Swan,” which, however, -was really a second “Old -Swan,” has also disappeared, -but, according to Mr. R. -Blunt’s excellent <cite>Historical -Handbook to Chelsea</cite>, its quaint -garden, entered by steps from -the river, under the long signboard, -is within the memory -of many residents.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_470" id="Footnote_470"></a><a href="#FNanchor_470"><span class="label">[470]</span></a> “The bells of this church -were recast by Ruddle, and -tuned by Mr. Harrison, the -inventor of the Timekeeper; -they are esteemed equal to -any peal of bells in this -Kingdom, and have nearly -the same sound as those of -Magdalen College, Oxford” -(Faulkner: <cite>Historical Account -of Fulham</cite>, 1813).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_471" id="Footnote_471"></a><a href="#FNanchor_471"><span class="label">[471]</span></a> In <cite>Magna Britannia</cite> it is -not only stated that this street -was originally called Hartshorn -Lane, but that Ben -Jonson once lived in it (S.). -The belief that Ben Jonson -lived here as a boy rests on the -statement of Fuller, who, in -his <cite>Worthies</cite>, says: “Though -I cannot with all my industrious -inquiry find him in his cradle, -I can fetch him from his -long coats. When a little -child he lived in Hartshorn -Lane, near Charing Cross, -where his mother married a -bricklayer for her second -husband.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_472" id="Footnote_472"></a><a href="#FNanchor_472"><span class="label">[472]</span></a> The circumstances of this -crime have remained an unsolved -mystery. Sir Edmund -Berry Godfrey was found in -a ditch near Primrose Hill -on the evening of October 17, -five days after his disappearance -from his house in Green -Lane, Strand, and five weeks -after hearing Titus Oates -swear to the existence of a -Popish plot. Smith’s statement -that he was murdered -in Somerset House rests on -the utterly corrupt and contradictory -testimony of Miles -Prance, the Roman Catholic -silversmith. His evidence, -however, sent three men to -the gallows, who protested -their innocence to the last. -The whole subject is re-examined -by Mr. Andrew Lang -in <cite>Longman’s Magazine</cite> of -August 1903.</p> - -<p>Four different medals were -struck to commemorate and -characterise the murder. In -one of these Godfrey is represented -walking with a sword -through his body, while on -the reverse St. Denis is shown -carrying his head in his hand, -with the inscription—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“Godfrey walks uphill after he is dead;</div> -<div class="verse">Dennis walks downhill carrying his head.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The design of another medal -illustrates Prance’s statement -that Godfrey’s body was first -moved from Somerset House in -a sedan chair, and then on a -horse to Primrose Hill.</p> - -<p>The burial of the murdered -Justice in St. Martin’s Church -was attended by more than a -thousand people of distinction, -and his portrait was placed -in the vestry-room, where it -hangs to this day.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_473" id="Footnote_473"></a><a href="#FNanchor_473"><span class="label">[473]</span></a> William Lloyd (1627-1717), -successively Bishop of St. -Asaph, Lichfield-and-Coventry, -and Worcester, was Vicar of -St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields -1677-80.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_474" id="Footnote_474"></a><a href="#FNanchor_474"><span class="label">[474]</span></a> “The two grand Ingrossers -of Coles: viz. The Woodmonger, -and the Chandler. -In a dialogue, expressing their -unjust and cruell raising the -price of Coales, when, and -how they please, to the generall -oppression of the Poore. -Penn’d on Purpose to lay -open their subtile practices, -and for the reliefe of many -thousands of poore people, -in, and about the Cities of -London, and Westminster. By -a Well-willer to the prosperity -of this famous Common-wealth. -London, Printed for John -Harrison at the Holy-Lamb -at the East end of S. Pauls, -1653.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_475" id="Footnote_475"></a><a href="#FNanchor_475"><span class="label">[475]</span></a> It has been demonstrated -by Mr. Sidney Young in his -learned work, <cite>The Annals of -the Barber Surgeons</cite> (1890), -that this painting cannot -represent the granting of the -Charter by Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span> This -event occurred in 1512, when -the King was but twenty-one -years of age; Holbein -makes him a man of fifty. Mr. -Young believes Holbein’s subject -to be the Union of the -Barbers Company with the -Guild of Surgeons, accomplished -by Act of Parliament -in 1540.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_476" id="Footnote_476"></a><a href="#FNanchor_476"><span class="label">[476]</span></a> Of this picture, which -narrowly escaped the Fire of -London, Pepys thus speaks in -his Memoirs:—August 28, -1688. “And at noon comes -by appointment Harris to dine -with me: and after dinner he -and I to Chyrurgeons’-hall, -where they are building it new,—very -fine; and there to see -their theatre, which stood all -the fire, and (which was our -business) their great picture -of Holbein’s, thinking to have -bought it, by the help of Mr. -Pierce, for a little money: I -did think to give £200 for it, it -being said to be worth £1000; -but it is so spoiled that I -have no mind to it, and is -not a pleasant, though a good -picture.”—S.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_477" id="Footnote_477"></a><a href="#FNanchor_477"><span class="label">[477]</span></a> This painting represents -Edward <span class="smcapuc">VI.</span> presenting the -Royal Charter of Endowment -to the Lord Mayor in 1552; -it cannot, therefore, be by -Holbein, who died in 1543. -Walpole attributes the painting -to Holbein, but says the -picture was not completed -by him. He states that -Holbein introduced his own -head into one corner. Wornum -thinks that there is not a -trace of this master’s hand in -the picture.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_478" id="Footnote_478"></a><a href="#FNanchor_478"><span class="label">[478]</span></a> Her portrait has not been -identified with certainty. An -old Windsor catalogue, however, -contains her name.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_479" id="Footnote_479"></a><a href="#FNanchor_479"><span class="label">[479]</span></a> Richard Dalton was keeper -of pictures and antiquary to -George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, and one of the -artists who presented to -George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> the petition for -the foundation of the Royal -Academy. In 1774, Dalton -published about ten etchings -from Holbein’s drawings. Perhaps -his greatest service to -British art was his bringing -Bartolozzi to England.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_480" id="Footnote_480"></a><a href="#FNanchor_480"><span class="label">[480]</span></a> John Chamberlaine (1745-1812), -antiquary, succeeded -Dalton in 1791, and published -“<cite>Imitations of Original Drawings</cite>, -by Hans Holbein, in -the Collection of His Majesty, -for the Portraits of Illustrious -Persons at the Court of Henry -<span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span>” He died at Paddington -Green.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_481" id="Footnote_481"></a><a href="#FNanchor_481"><span class="label">[481]</span></a> Conrad Martin Metz (1755-1827) -studied engraving in -London under Bartolozzi; he -engraved and imitated many -drawings by the old masters.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_482" id="Footnote_482"></a><a href="#FNanchor_482"><span class="label">[482]</span></a> Edmund Lodge (1756-1839), -Clarenceux Herald in 1838. -His book, known briefly as -<cite>Lodge’s Portraits</cite>, was originally -issued in forty folio parts.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_483" id="Footnote_483"></a><a href="#FNanchor_483"><span class="label">[483]</span></a> Of Sandby’s “View of Westminster -from the garden of -old Somerset House” there -is an engraving by Rawle -in Smith’s <cite>Westminster Antiquities</cite>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_484" id="Footnote_484"></a><a href="#FNanchor_484"><span class="label">[484]</span></a> Charles Long, Baron Farnborough -(1761-1838), was Secretary -of State for Ireland, and -held other important posts. -Thomas Moore calls him -“the most determined placeman -in England” (Memoirs, -iv. 28). His advice was sought -on the decoration of the royal -palaces and on London street -improvements. He gave many -fine pictures to the National -Gallery.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_485" id="Footnote_485"></a><a href="#FNanchor_485"><span class="label">[485]</span></a> These views may still be -seen in Crowle’s “Pennant,” -in the Print Room. The -first represents London from -Somerset House about 1795, -and the second Somerset House -from the east showing the -Lambeth site of Westminster -Bridge, etc. In addition, there -are in the Crace collection -two London views by Thomas -Sandby, and seven by Paul. -See note on Crowle, <a href="#Page_86">p. 86</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_486" id="Footnote_486"></a><a href="#FNanchor_486"><span class="label">[486]</span></a> In Smith’s day the river -washed the base of the Water -Gate, covering at high tide the -gardens in which the London -County Council’s band now -plays in summer in London -now possesses an approximation -to an out-of-door Parisian -café. Samuel Scott’s “View -of Westminster from the -Thames,” National Gallery, -Room xix., shows the old -state of things.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_487" id="Footnote_487"></a><a href="#FNanchor_487"><span class="label">[487]</span></a> Etty removed to Buckingham -Street in the summer of -1824, from Stangate Walk, -Lambeth. At first he took -the “lower floor,” but, says -Gilchrist, “the top floor was -the watch-tower for which -our artist sighed,” and he -soon obtained it. Here, -“having above him,” as he -said, “none but the Angels, -and the Catholics who had -gone before him,” he lived -for twenty-three years, finding -an excellent housekeeper in -his niece. The house stands -unaltered, presenting five -storeys to the river just behind -the Water Gate. Etty’s last -years (he died in 1849) were -given to his birth-place, York, -where his tomb is an object -of interest in the grounds of -St. Mary’s Abbey.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_488" id="Footnote_488"></a><a href="#FNanchor_488"><span class="label">[488]</span></a> Clarkson Stanfield (1793-1867), -the marine and landscape -painter, was scene-painter -at three London theatres, -including Drury Lane. “Incomparably -the noblest master -of cloud-form of all our -artists,” was Ruskin’s praise -of this artist; “the soul of -frankness, generosity, and -simplicity,” was Dickens’s -praise of the man.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_489" id="Footnote_489"></a><a href="#FNanchor_489"><span class="label">[489]</span></a> Roubiliac’s statue of -Newton, made for Trinity -College, was pronounced by -Chantrey “the noblest, I -think, of all our English -statues.” Similarly Roubiliac’s -figure of Eloquence was considered -by Canova “one of -the noblest statues he had -seen in England”: it occurs -in the monument to John, -Duke of Argyll and Greenwich, -in Poets’ Corner.</p> - -<p>John Bacon, R.A. (1740-99), -established his reputation -by his figure of Mars, -which won him the good word -of West, the patronage of -the Archbishop of York, and -his election as A.R.A. See -note on <a href="#Page_33">p. 33</a>.</p> - -<p>John Charles Felix Rossi, -R.A. (1762-1839), was born -at Nottingham. He executed -statues of Lord Cornwallis, -Lord Heathfield, and others -in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and -decorated Buckingham Palace. -His “Celadon and Amelia” -was executed in Rome. His -is the colossal figure of Britannia -in Liverpool Exchange. -He was buried in St. James’s -churchyard, Hampstead Road.</p> - -<p>Flaxman’s “Michael vanquishing -Satan” was commissioned -by Lord Egremont, -and is now at Petworth.</p> - -<p>Of busts, alone, Nollekens -executed at least two hundred.</p> - -<p>Chantrey’s genius was fully -acknowledged by Nollekens, -who would say when asked -to model a bust: “Go to -Chantrey; he’s the man for -a bust! he’ll make a good -bust for you! I always -recommend him” (Smith: -<cite>Nollekens</cite>).</p> - -<p>Londoners see Sir Richard -Westmacott’s statues every -day without knowing it. His -is the Achilles statue to -Wellington in Hyde Park, the -Duke of York on the York -Column, and the statue of -Fox in Bloomsbury Square. -His statues in St. Paul’s and -the Abbey are numerous; the -Abbey has his beautiful -monument to Mrs. Warren, -a mother and child.</p> - -<p>Edward Hodges Baily, -R.A. (1788-1867), studied -under Flaxman. The bas-relief -on the Marble Arch is -his, several statues in St. -Paul’s, and the figure of Nelson -in Trafalgar Square.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_490" id="Footnote_490"></a><a href="#FNanchor_490"><span class="label">[490]</span></a> William Young Ottley -(1771-1836), author of <cite>The -Origin and Early History of -Engraving</cite>. His knowledge of -painting is described as -“astonishing” by Samuel -Rogers. On Smith’s death -Ottley became Keeper of the -Prints.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_491" id="Footnote_491"></a><a href="#FNanchor_491"><span class="label">[491]</span></a> Maso Finiguerra, a skilful -Florentine goldsmith, engraved -in 1452 a silver plate to -be used as a pax in the -church of San Giovanni, and -in order to judge of the -effect of his design, the lines -of which he intended to fill -with enamel, he poured some -liquid sulphur upon the plate. -He then succeeded in taking -impressions of the design on -paper. These impressions were -once thought to be the earliest -known engravings. It is now -proved that they were not, -and that Finiguerra may have -had direct instruction from an -early German engraver.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_492" id="Footnote_492"></a><a href="#FNanchor_492"><span class="label">[492]</span></a> The site of Mr. Atkinson’s -villa and grounds is indicated -by Grove End Road, west of -Lord’s Cricket Ground.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_493" id="Footnote_493"></a><a href="#FNanchor_493"><span class="label">[493]</span></a> Smith misquotes Ramsay, -who wrote—</p> - -<div class="c-container"> -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="stanza"> -<div class="verse">“How halesome ’tis to snuff the cawler air,</div> -<div class="verse">And all the sweets it bears, when void of care.”</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p><cite>Gentle Shepherd</cite>, 1st ed., Act i. -Sc. i. 5, 6.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_494" id="Footnote_494"></a><a href="#FNanchor_494"><span class="label">[494]</span></a> William West, actor and -composer, lived to a great -age, and was known as the -“Father of the Stage.” Some -of his songs, such as “When -Love was fresh from her -Cradle Bed,” were popular. -He died in 1888.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_495" id="Footnote_495"></a><a href="#FNanchor_495"><span class="label">[495]</span></a> The Rev. Thomas Hartwell -Horne, Rector of St. -Edmund the King and St. -Nicholas Acon, was a valuable -servant of the British Museum, -to which he came as cataloguer -in 1824. He died at his house -in Bloomsbury Square, January -27, 1862. Watt was Robert -Watt, the bibliographer, compiler -of <cite>Bibliotheca Britannica</cite>, -etc.; he died in 1819.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_496" id="Footnote_496"></a><a href="#FNanchor_496"><span class="label">[496]</span></a> The Post Angel, of which -the British Museum has a -copy, was one of the enterprises -of John Dunton. His -rigmarole preface sets forth -that “by Post-Angels I -mean all the invisible Host -of the Middle Region, that -are employed about us either -as Friends or Enemies”; his -design is “to shew how we -should enquire after News, -not as Athenians but as -Christians, or (in other words) -a Divine Employment of every -Remarkable Occurrence.” -Features of this periodical were -“The Lives and Deaths of -the most Eminent Persons -that Died in that Month,” -and recurrent pious reflections -under the head of “The -Spiritual Observator.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_497" id="Footnote_497"></a><a href="#FNanchor_497"><span class="label">[497]</span></a> John Taylor, who was -Smith’s life-long friend and -the most genial and patriarchal -of artists, died at his house -in Cirencester Place, November -21, 1838, in his ninety-ninth -year. Smith mentions -under the year 1779, that he -had been the pupil of Frank -Hayman, after which he took -up the drawing of portraits -in pencil, for which he received -seven-and-sixpence to a guinea -each. It is said that, in Oxford -alone, in six or eight years, -Taylor drew, or painted, more -than three thousand heads. -Finding this employment -poorly paid, he took the advice -of his fellow-artist “Jack” -Gresse and set up as drawing-master, -investing his savings in -annuities which were to expire -in 1840. He died just in time -to escape want. See the early -reference to Taylor, <a href="#Page_80">p. 80</a>.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_498" id="Footnote_498"></a><a href="#FNanchor_498"><span class="label">[498]</span></a> This caricature was brought -out on September 7, 1762, -and was entitled “The Bruiser, -C. Churchill (once the Reverend!) -in the Character of -a Russian Hercules, regaling -himself after having kill’d the -Monster <span class="smcap">Caricatura</span> that so -sorely galled his virtuous friend, -the Heaven-born Wilkes.” Mr. -Austin Dobson says: “Churchill, -who had been ordained a -priest and abandoned that -calling, appears as a bear, -grasping a club, which is -inscribed ‘Lye 1, Lye 2,’ -etc., and regaling himself with -a quart pot of ‘British Burgundy.’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_499" id="Footnote_499"></a><a href="#FNanchor_499"><span class="label">[499]</span></a> Hayman died in 1776, so -that this statement has a -bearing on the vexed question -of the date of the “Blue -Boy,” which some writers put -as late as 1779. Sir Walter -Armstrong is convinced that -1770 is the correct date. If -so, Gainsborough could not -have painted the picture, as -he is said to have done, to -confute a passage in Sir Joshua -Reynolds’s eighth Discourse, -which was not delivered until -December 1778. The Blue -Boy was Master Jonathan -Buttall, the ironmonger’s son. -The subject, history, and -ownership of this famous picture -have been the subjects of a -controversy second only, in -lengthy inconclusiveness, to -that on the Letters of Junius. -In all probability the original -picture is the one in the -possession of the Duke of -Westminster.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_500" id="Footnote_500"></a><a href="#FNanchor_500"><span class="label">[500]</span></a> When advanced in life, -and unfitted for sprightly -parts, Mrs. Abington determined -to appear as Scrub, -the man-of-all-work to Lady -Bountiful in Farquhar’s comedy, -<cite>The Beaux’ Stratagem</cite>. “I -was present,” says John -Taylor, in his <cite>Records of My -Life</cite>, “and remember nothing -in her performance that might -not have been expected from -an actor of much inferior -abilities. As a proof, too, -that, like many of her profession, -she thought herself -capable of characters not -within the scope of her powers, -I once saw her play Ophelia -to Mr. Garrick’s Hamlet; and, -to use a simile of my old -friend Dr. Monsey, she appeared -<em>like a mackerel on a gravel -walk</em>.”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_501" id="Footnote_501"></a><a href="#FNanchor_501"><span class="label">[501]</span></a> Hitherto, in the <span class="smcap">Rainy -Day</span>, <em>William</em> Chambers has -appeared, another misleading -slip. Sir Robert was the -Indian judge, and is referred -to by Johnson in a letter -to Boswell, dated March 5, -1774: “Chambers is married, -or almost married, to Miss -Wilton, a girl of sixteen, exquisitely -beautiful, whom he -has, with his lawyer’s tongue, -persuaded to take her chance -with him in the East.” Miss -Wilton was the daughter of -Joseph Wilton, R.A., the -sculptor.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_502" id="Footnote_502"></a><a href="#FNanchor_502"><span class="label">[502]</span></a> Mr. Taylor’s father was not -only highly respected, but for -many years held a principal situation -in the Custom House (S.).</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_503" id="Footnote_503"></a><a href="#FNanchor_503"><span class="label">[503]</span></a> They were cleaned and -“restored” by John Francis -Rigaud, R.A.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_504" id="Footnote_504"></a><a href="#FNanchor_504"><span class="label">[504]</span></a> Doubtless the letter from -Mrs. Abington to Mrs. Jordan, -printed under the year 1815.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_505" id="Footnote_505"></a><a href="#FNanchor_505"><span class="label">[505]</span></a> John Bannister (Honest -Jack) left the stage on the -night of June 1, 1815, when -he played in Kenney’s comedy -<cite>The World</cite>, and <cite>The Children -in the Wood</cite>. “Your whole -conscience stirred with Bannister’s -performance of Walter -in the <cite>Children in the Wood</cite>,” -says Lamb; and Haydon, who -in 1826 met Bannister by -accident in Chenies Street, -Bedford Square, writes: “He -held out his hand just as he -used to do on the stage, with -the same frank native truth. -As he spoke, the tones of his -favourite ‘Walter’ pierced my -heart. It was extraordinary, -the effect. ‘Bannister,’ said -I, ‘your voice recalls my -early days.’—‘Ah,’ said he, -‘I had some touches, had I -not?’”</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_506" id="Footnote_506"></a><a href="#FNanchor_506"><span class="label">[506]</span></a> John Pritt Harley (1786-1858) -distinguished himself as -singer and actor. He appeared -at Drury Lane in 1815, the -year of Bannister’s retirement, -and succeeded to many of -that comedian’s parts. He -was known as Fat Jack—from -his thinness. “I have an exposition -of sleep upon me,” -were his last words, spoken -on the stage of the Princess’s -Theatre on August 20, 1858. -He had hardly made his exit -when he was seized with -paralysis, and he died at 14 -Upper Gower Street two days -later. Harley was an excellent -Shakespearean clown, and an -ardent collector of walking-sticks.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_507" id="Footnote_507"></a><a href="#FNanchor_507"><span class="label">[507]</span></a> Porridge Island and another -rookery called The Bermudas -disappeared about 1829. These -were cant names.</p> - -</div> - -</div> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_323" id="Page_323">[323]</a></span></p> - -<h2>GENERAL INDEX</h2> - -<ul> - -<li class="ifrst">Academy, Royal, its origin and foundation members, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ackworth School, <a href="#Page_185">185</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Adelphi Terrace, No. 5, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_239">239-240</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Ad Libitum” Society, <a href="#Page_213">213</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Admirals’ portraits at Greenwich, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Aeronaut, an early English, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Amphitheatre, Broughton’s, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Anodyne necklaces, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Auctioneers, famous London, <a href="#Page_108">108-110</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Balloon ascent from Vauxhall, <a href="#Page_260">260</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Baltimore House, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bankside, a house on, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Banqueting House, restoration of Rubens’s ceiling, <a href="#Page_319">319-320</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Barber-Surgeons’ Hall, <a href="#Page_301">301</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Battersea market gardeners, <a href="#Page_293">293</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beaufort Buildings, festive nights in, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bedroom, Dr. John Gardner’s last best, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beech-tree at Windsor demolished, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beech-tree, drawn by J. T. Smith, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beefsteaks, Sublime Society of, <a href="#Page_213">213-214</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beggars, famous London, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Belgrave House, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bells, Thames-side church, <a href="#Page_298">298-299</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bermondsey Spa, <a href="#Page_150">150-152</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bird-fanciers, their London quarters, <a href="#Page_69">69</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bistre from a burnt tree, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Black Boy Alley, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bloomsbury Square, Lady Ellenborough in, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Blotting, the art of, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Blue Boy, Gainsborough’s, <a href="#Page_317">317</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bolsover Street, painters in, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bookseller, a Strand, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bow, cane-heads made at, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Brentford, election at, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bridewell, picture by Holbein in, <a href="#Page_302">302</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Brown tree, Sir George Beaumont’s craze for a, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Buckingham Street, Etty’s rooms in, <a href="#Page_305">305</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— Stanfield, R.A., in, <a href="#Page_306">306</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Budget,” John Bannister’s, <a href="#Page_206">206-207</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bun House at Chelsea, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Busby wig, <a href="#Page_251">251</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Cake, the Baddeley, <a href="#Page_64">64</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Capper’s Farm, Great Russell Street, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Caterpillars, plague of, <a href="#Page_272">272</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Centenarians, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Chapeau de Paille” of Rubens, <a href="#Page_243">243-245</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chapter Coffee House, <a href="#Page_184">184</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span> eats a pickled egg, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cheesecakes, etc., at Marylebone Gardens, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chelsea Hospital, <a href="#Page_295">295</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chelsea porcelain, <a href="#Page_284">284</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cherokee Kings at Marylebone, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Chloe,” Prior’s, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chunee, the elephant, <a href="#Page_107">107</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Circus, Astley’s, <a href="#Page_270">270-271</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Cit’s Country Box,” <a href="#Page_17">17</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">City of London <i>v.</i> Copper Holmes, <a href="#Page_269">269</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Clapham, old, <a href="#Page_275">275</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Coals, price of, <a href="#Page_300">300</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Cocker, according to,” <a href="#Page_113">113</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cock-fighting yesterday and to-day, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cockney Ladle, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cockpits in London, <a href="#Page_69">69-70</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Coffee used to stain prints, <a href="#Page_256">256</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Collectors described, <a href="#Page_110">110-122</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_324" id="Page_324">[324]</a></span>Colvill Court, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Combing of wigs, <a href="#Page_255">255</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Conjurer, Breslaw the, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Connoisseurs at the “Feathers,” etc., <a href="#Page_104">104-106</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cooper’s Hill, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Covent Garden, its hackney chairs, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— artists residing there, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— painting of, by Inigo Jones, <a href="#Page_209">209</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Crab-tree Fields, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cradles, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cricket in White Conduit Fields, <a href="#Page_192">192-193</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cross Readings, Caleb Whitefoord’s, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Cumberland Cock” hat, <a href="#Page_236">236</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cup carved from Shakespeare’s mulberry, <a href="#Page_250">250</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cuyp, adventure of a, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Dards’ Exhibition, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Denmark Street, St. Giles’s, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Devonshire Mews, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dew, Londoners bathing their faces in, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dickens anticipated, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dog, Alcibiades’, <a href="#Page_233">233</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dog, a London beggar’s, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dog-doctor, famous London, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Doggett’s Coat and Badge, <a href="#Page_225">225-227</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dogs, teeth of dead, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Door-knockers in Fetter Lane, <a href="#Page_124">124-125</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Draughts player, a famous, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Drownings in Portman Square, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Drury Lane Theatre, mismanagement of, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dublin, Mrs. Pope and her husband at, <a href="#Page_164">164-166</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Du Val’s Lane, <a href="#Page_193">193</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dyot Street, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Edmonton, exclusiveness of, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— rambles near, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— George Morland at, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Elephant at Exeter Change, <a href="#Page_107">107</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Elms near Fitzroy Square, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Elocution, Dr. Trusler’s short cut to, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Engraving, Smith’s views on, <a href="#Page_307">307</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Epitaph on Sturges, a draughts-player, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Epitaph, a remarkable Shoreditch, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Epping butter, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>, <a href="#Page_181">181</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Etchings by Baillie, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Eternity, Fuseli’s image of, <a href="#Page_205">205</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Execution of Governor Wall, <a href="#Page_179">179-180</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Exeter Change elephant, <a href="#Page_106">106-108</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Eye, power of the human, <a href="#Page_146">146-147</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Fall of lace, worn by ladies, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fans, carried out of doors, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fantoccino, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Farthing Pie House, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Feathers Tavern in Leicester Fields, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Feathers Tavern at Waterloo Bridge, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fetter Lane, Dolphin door knocker in, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Field of the Forty Footsteps, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Finch’s Grotto, <a href="#Page_7">7</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fitzroy Square, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Forgery by W. Wynn Ryland, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“French Gardens,” <a href="#Page_50">50</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Funeral, Garrick’s extravagant, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— Henderson’s skit on, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Funny, a Thames pleasure boat, <a href="#Page_293">293</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Garlands, carried by milkmaids, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Garrat elections, <a href="#Page_127">127</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Garrick’s villa at Hampton, <a href="#Page_283">283-290</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, his rocker cradle, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gerrard Street, Edmund Burke in, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Go-carts, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Goloshes, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Goodge Street, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Goose, at Greenwich, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gooseberry Fair, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Grangerised “Pennant,” <a href="#Page_86">86</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Great Queen Street, No. <a href="#Page_55">55-56</a>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Green Man Tavern, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Greenwich Hospital, pictures at, <a href="#Page_290">290-291</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gresse’s Gardens, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Grosvenor Square, Dr. Johnson shakes a thief in, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Grotto Garden, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Guilford Street, gap in, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Halfpenny Hatch, <a href="#Page_270">270</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hanway Street, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Harley Fields, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hartshorn Lane, <a href="#Page_299">299</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hat called “Egham, Staines, and Windsor,” <a href="#Page_236">236</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— “Cumberland Cock,” <a href="#Page_236">236</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_325" id="Page_325">[325]</a></span>Hermes Hill, <a href="#Page_241">241</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Highgate, view of, from Bloomsbury, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">High Street, a typical, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Honey Lane Market, <a href="#Page_188">188</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hooligan, an eighteenth-century, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Horse, Stubbs, R.A., carries a dead, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Horses at Garrick’s funeral, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hot Cross Buns, <a href="#Page_148">148-149</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hungerford Stairs, <a href="#Page_297">297</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Ireland, the Union with, <a href="#Page_169">169</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Islington, rural delights of, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— seen from Bloomsbury, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Jack-in-the-green, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Jenny’s Whim,” <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Jew’s Harp House, <a href="#Page_22">22-23</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Jolly Undertakers, The,” <a href="#Page_213">213</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Kendall’s Farm at Regent’s Park, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kentish Town, dairy near, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— Charles Mathews at, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kitten in a parachute, <a href="#Page_259">259-260</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst"><cite>Ladies’ Pocket Book</cite>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Langham Hotel, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Last Supper,” Benjamin West’s, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Leverian Museum, <a href="#Page_191">191</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Leyton, Rockhoult House at, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Little Sea,” the, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">London, its rural openness in 1777, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Londoners’ superstitions, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Long’s Bowling Green, <a href="#Page_51">51</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lottery to dispose of Leverian Museum, <a href="#Page_191">191</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Marionettes, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Marylebone, Academy at, <a href="#Page_41">41-46</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Marylebone Basin, Quaker youth drowned in, <a href="#Page_50">50</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Marylebone Gardens, <a href="#Page_51">51-68</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Marylebone Park, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Marylebone, Old, <a href="#Page_39">39-50</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Masks over doors, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">May Day, customs on, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mayors of Garrat, <a href="#Page_127">127</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Medals commemorating murder of Sir E. B. Godfrey, <a href="#Page_299">299</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Middlesex Hospital, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Millbank, old, <a href="#Page_258">258-259</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Milkmaid, A Merry,” <a href="#Page_21">21</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Moses, The Finding of,” fashionable version, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mother Red-cap Tavern, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Nelson, his remains brought to Whitehall, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Newgate, Smith’s visit to, <a href="#Page_178">178-183</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— auction at, <a href="#Page_183">183-184</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Newman Street, view from, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">New Wells, the, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Norris monument in Westminster Abbey, <a href="#Page_274">274</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Norton Street, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Nuremberg, Dürer festival at, <a href="#Page_261">261-265</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Onions, peeled by Queen Charlotte, <a href="#Page_236">236</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Otter’s Pool, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Oxford Street, old tablet, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Paddington, a villa at, <a href="#Page_312">312-313</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pain’s Hill at Cobham, <a href="#Page_289">289</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Papyrius Cursor,” <a href="#Page_113">113</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Parachute descent, a famous, <a href="#Page_259">259-260</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pariton, a musical instrument, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Parliament Stairs, <a href="#Page_173">173</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pax by Tomaso Finiguerra, <a href="#Page_309">309-312</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Percy Chapel, Charlotte Street, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Phlebotomist, a busy, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pickled Egg Walk, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pie Corner, <a href="#Page_181">181</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pimlico, formation of, <a href="#Page_260">260</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pipes, New River water, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Poets’ Corner, <a href="#Page_240">240-242</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ponds in old Marylebone, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Porridge Island, <a href="#Page_322">322</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Portland Place, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Portland Vase, the, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Portman Square, chairmen drowned at, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Portraits, collected by Charles Mathews, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Portraiture made easy, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><cite>Post Angel</cite>, a curious journal, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Printsellers, portrayed by Rowlandson, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Prize fight, a famous, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Puddings, worn by children, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— praised by Nollekens, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_326" id="Page_326">[326]</a></span>Pump in Ironmonger Lane, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Queen Anne Street, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Queen’s Head and Artichoke,” <a href="#Page_22">22</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Rathbone Place, gatherings at, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rats’ Castle, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rattlesnakes at Islington, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Regent’s Park, farms near, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rembrandt’s Three Trees “improved,” <a href="#Page_115">115</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Resurrection Gate,” <a href="#Page_27">27</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rockhoult House, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rose Tavern at Marylebone, <a href="#Page_51">51</a>, <a href="#Page_58">58</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Royal Academy, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— two women admitted, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Runnymede, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">St. Bartholomew’s Fair, Belzoni at, <a href="#Page_186">186-187</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. Clare, Convent of, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. George’s Chapel, George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span> in, <a href="#Page_102">102</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. George’s Fields, riot in, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. Giles in the Fields, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, watermen’s burial ground at, <a href="#Page_269">269</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. Paul’s, protection of, from lightning, <a href="#Page_173">173</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. Sepulchre’s Church, old custom at, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">St. Stephen’s Chapel, discoveries in, <a href="#Page_171">171-173</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Salt-box, what was it? <a href="#Page_48">48</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Scrub, Mrs. Abington as, <a href="#Page_318">318</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sculptors enumerated by Smith, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sermon by Rowland Hill, <a href="#Page_159">159-160</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sermon-monger, Dr. Trusler as a, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><cite>Serva Padrona, La</cite>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sessions House, Clerkenwell, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Shakespeare Gallery, Boydell’s, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Shakespeare, Dr. Kenrick’s lectures on, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— Miss Benger’s lines on, <a href="#Page_249">249</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— his mulberry tree, <a href="#Page_250">250</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Showman, Flockton the, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Simon, a London beggar, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Slack, his fight with Broughton, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Society of Arts, wall paintings at, <a href="#Page_171">171</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Soho, watch-house in, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Soho Square, Sir Joseph Banks in, <a href="#Page_229">229</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Songs and glees, <a href="#Page_155">155</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Spinning-wheel Alley, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Statues, notable London, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Strand Lane Stairs, scene at, <a href="#Page_272">272-273</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Stratford Jubilee, <a href="#Page_250">250</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Surrey Chapel, <a href="#Page_158">158</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Swan signs on the Thames, <a href="#Page_297">297</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Swan-upping, <a href="#Page_208">208</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Tea-leaves, fortune-telling by, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tea-pot, Dr. Johnson’s, <a href="#Page_194">194</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Teething of children, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Temple Bar, elephant passes through, <a href="#Page_107">107</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tessellated floors, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Thames, Sandby’s views of, <a href="#Page_304">304</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Thrale’s Brewery, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Toplady, buried, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Topographical collections, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tottenham Court Road district, <a href="#Page_26">26 et seq.</a></li> - -<li class="indx">Trusler (Miss), her fruit-tarts and cheesecakes, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Ugolino, Sir Joshua Reynolds’s, <a href="#Page_281">281</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Vauxhall Gardens, pictures at, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Venus waited on by footmen, <a href="#Page_233">233</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Viol-di-gamba, Gainsborough and the, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Virginia Water, formation of, <a href="#Page_102">102-104</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Walnut Tree Field, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><cite>Waterman, The</cite>, <a href="#Page_227">227-228</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Waterman’s Hall, portrait in, <a href="#Page_226">226</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Watermen, Thames, <a href="#Page_268">268-270</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Watermen’s Burial Ground, <a href="#Page_269">269</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Westminster Abbey, prize-fighter’s monument in, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">—— admission to, <a href="#Page_241">241</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Whips carried by ladies, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Whitefield’s Tabernacle, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Whitehall Chapel, repairs of, <a href="#Page_273">273</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wigs in England, <a href="#Page_251">251-257</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Willan’s Farm at Regent’s Park, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wimbledon, Horne Tooke at, <a href="#Page_209">209-211</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Windmill Street, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Women as Royal Academicians, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>.</li> - -</ul> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_327" id="Page_327">[327]</a></span></p> - -<h2>INDEX OF PERSONS</h2> - -<ul> - -<li class="ifrst">Abington (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_214">214-212</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Adams (George), <a href="#Page_151">151</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Adams ( John), <a href="#Page_139">139</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Amherst (Lady), <a href="#Page_240">240</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Angelo (Michael), <a href="#Page_27">27-28</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Armstrong (Dr. George), <a href="#Page_21">21</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Armstrong (Dr. John), <a href="#Page_15">15</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Arnald, A.R.A., <a href="#Page_175">175</a>, <a href="#Page_277">277</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Arne (Dr.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Arnold (Dr. S.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Arnold (S. J.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Astley, <a href="#Page_270">270-271</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Atkinson, <a href="#Page_312">312</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Bacon, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Baddeley, <a href="#Page_64">64</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Baillie (Captain), <a href="#Page_114">114</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Baily, R.A., <a href="#Page_309">309</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Baker, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Baker, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Banks (Sir Joseph), <a href="#Page_229">229</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Banks (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_229">229-231</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bannister (Charles), <a href="#Page_61">61</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bannister (John), <a href="#Page_206">206-207</a>, <a href="#Page_320">320</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Barbauld (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Baretti, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Barrett, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Barrington (Hon. Daines), <a href="#Page_89">89</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Barrow, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Barry, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_171">171</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bartolozzi, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Basire, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bates (Dr.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Battishill, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_155">155</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bean (Rev.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beaumont (Sir G.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beauvais, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bell (Dr.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beltz, <a href="#Page_237">237</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Belzoni, <a href="#Page_187">187-190</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Benger, <a href="#Page_249">249-250</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bentley, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Beresford, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bingham, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Blake (William), <a href="#Page_97">97</a>, <a href="#Page_199">199</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Blaquière, <a href="#Page_220">220</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Blewitt, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bonnington, <a href="#Page_273">273</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Boswell, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Boydell, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Brand, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Breslaw, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bretherton, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Broughton, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_226">226</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Brown (“Capability”), <a href="#Page_288">288</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Buchan (Dr.), <a href="#Page_184">184-185</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bull, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bunbury, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Burchell, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Burges (Dr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Burgoyne (General), <a href="#Page_96">96</a>, <a href="#Page_216">216</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Burke (Edmund), <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Burlington (Lord), <a href="#Page_287">287</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Burney (Miss), <a href="#Page_22">22</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Burton, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Busby (Dr.), <a href="#Page_251">251</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Bush, <a href="#Page_196">196</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Buttall, <a href="#Page_318">318</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Byron (Lord), <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Caillot, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Calonne, <a href="#Page_276">276</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Camelford (Lord), <a href="#Page_201">201</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Campe, <a href="#Page_262">262</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Canning (Elizabeth), <a href="#Page_135">135</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Capper, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Caracci, <a href="#Page_195">195</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Carey, <a href="#Page_65">65</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Carlile, <a href="#Page_50">50</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Carlini, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Carr, <a href="#Page_283">283</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Carr, <a href="#Page_240">240</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Carter (Elizabeth), <a href="#Page_3">3</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_231">231</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Carter (John), <a href="#Page_173">173</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cartwright (Major), <a href="#Page_247">247-248</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Catley, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>, <a href="#Page_58">58</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Catton, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_328" id="Page_328">[328]</a></span>Caulfield, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chamberlaine, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chamberlen, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chamberlin, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chambers, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chambers (Sir Robert), <a href="#Page_318">318</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chantrey, R.A., <a href="#Page_283">283</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Charlemont (Earl of), <a href="#Page_168">168-170</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Charles <span class="smcapuc">II.</span>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cheesman, <a href="#Page_169">169</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chetwood, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cholmondeley (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Christie, <a href="#Page_250">250-251</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Chun, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Churchill, <a href="#Page_316">316-317</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cibber, <a href="#Page_255">255</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cipriani, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>, <a href="#Page_319">319</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Clarence (Duke of), <a href="#Page_222">222</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Clark, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Clarke (Dr. Adam), <a href="#Page_44">44</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cocker, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Coffey, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cole, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Collins, <a href="#Page_258">258</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Constable, R.A., <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160-162</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cooke, <a href="#Page_271">271</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Coram, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cornelius, <a href="#Page_262">262</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cosway, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_217">217</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cosway (Maria), <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cotes, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_164">164</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cowper (Charles), <a href="#Page_224">224</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cowper (William), <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Coxe (“Social Day”), <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cozens, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cranch, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cremorne (Lord), <a href="#Page_253">253</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Crowle, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_304">304</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Cumberland (Duke of), <a href="#Page_34">34</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Curtis, <a href="#Page_271">271</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Dahl, <a href="#Page_292">292</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dalton, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dance (James), <a href="#Page_1">1</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dance, R.A. (George), <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dance, R.A. (Nathaniel), <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_237">237</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Daniell, R.A., <a href="#Page_204">204</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Darby, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dards, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">David, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Davies (Tom), <a href="#Page_110">110</a>, <a href="#Page_285">285</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dawson (Nancy), <a href="#Page_10">10</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dekker, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">De la Place, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Delaval, <a href="#Page_173">173-175</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Delpini, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">De Wint, <a href="#Page_97">97</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dibdin, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_292">292</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dinsdale, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Doggett, <a href="#Page_225">225-227</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dollond, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dorset (Duke of), <a href="#Page_192">192</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Douglas, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Drury (Dr.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ducarel, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ducrow, <a href="#Page_271">271</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dunstan, <a href="#Page_127">127-128</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dunton, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Duvall, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dürer, Albrecht, <a href="#Page_261">261-265</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Du Val, <a href="#Page_193">193</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dyer, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Dyot, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Easton, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Edmunds, <a href="#Page_106">106</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Edridge, A.R.A., <a href="#Page_106">106</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Edwards, A.R.A., <a href="#Page_115">115</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Edy, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Elizabeth (Queen), <a href="#Page_22">22</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ellenborough (Lord), <a href="#Page_100">100</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Esdaile, <a href="#Page_273">273-274</a>, <a href="#Page_277">277</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Etty, R.A., <a href="#Page_305">305</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Everdingen, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Faber, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Falkner, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Farnborough (Lord), <a href="#Page_304">304</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fielding (Sir John), <a href="#Page_56">56</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Finch’s Grotto, <a href="#Page_7">7</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Finiguerra, <a href="#Page_309">309</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fischer, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fitzroy, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Flaxman, R.A., <a href="#Page_96">96</a>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fleetwood, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Flockton, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Foote, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Forde (Dr.), <a href="#Page_177">177</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fountayne, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fountayne (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fourment, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Francklin, <a href="#Page_242">242-243</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Frost, <a href="#Page_161">161</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Fuseli, R.A., <a href="#Page_14">14</a>, <a href="#Page_204">204-205</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Gainsborough, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>, <a href="#Page_258">258</a>, <a href="#Page_317">317</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gardner, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Garnerin, <a href="#Page_259">259-260</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Garrard, R.A., <a href="#Page_289">289</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_329" id="Page_329">[329]</a></span>Garrick—</li> -<li class="isub1">Seen by Smith, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Farewell of the stage, <a href="#Page_70">70-74</a>, <a href="#Page_228">228</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Death and burial, <a href="#Page_80">80-81</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His eyes, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">And Mrs. Pope, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">And Mrs. Abington, <a href="#Page_215">215-216</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Presented with a cup, <a href="#Page_250">250-251</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His wigs, <a href="#Page_257">257</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His villa, <a href="#Page_284">284-290</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Garrick (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_236">236-243</a>, <a href="#Page_285">285-288</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gay, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101-102</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_247">247</a>, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">George <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_245">245</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Giardini, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gilliland, <a href="#Page_225">225</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Godfrey (Sir E. Berry), <a href="#Page_254">254</a>, <a href="#Page_299">299</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Goldsmith (Dr.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_257">257</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Goodge, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gossett (Dr.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gough, <a href="#Page_109">109-110</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Goyen, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Granby (Marquis of), <a href="#Page_295">295</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Green, <a href="#Page_166">166</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gresse, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Greville, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Griffith, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Grose (Captain), <a href="#Page_105">105</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gubbins, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Gwynn, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Hamilton (Sir W.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hamilton (Lady), <a href="#Page_129">129</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hand, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Handel, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hargrave, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Harley, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_320">320-321</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Harrington (Lady), <a href="#Page_44">44</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Harris, <a href="#Page_213">213</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hart (Emma), <a href="#Page_129">129</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hartry, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hawkins (Sir John), <a href="#Page_194">194</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hayman, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_317">317</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hearne, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Heath, <a href="#Page_270">270</a>, <a href="#Page_298">298</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Heberfield, <a href="#Page_258">258</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Henderson (John), <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_121">121</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Henderson (William), <a href="#Page_85">85</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Henry <span class="smcapuc">VIII.</span>, <a href="#Page_301">301</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hewson, <a href="#Page_296">296</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Heywood, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hill (Rowland), <a href="#Page_101">101</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hill (Rev. Rowland), <a href="#Page_158">158-159</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hillier, <a href="#Page_194">194</a>, <a href="#Page_256">256</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hinchliffe (Dr.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hoare, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hoare (Sir R. C.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hogarth—</li> -<li class="isub1">In Covent Garden, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">And Vauxhall Gardens, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">March to Finchley, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His engraver, Sullivan, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Rake’s Progress, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">The “Five Orders of Perriwigs,” <a href="#Page_104">104</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Vogue of his prints, <a href="#Page_121">121</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Caricature of Churchill, <a href="#Page_317">317</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hogarth (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Holbein, <a href="#Page_301">301-302</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Holmes (“Copper”), <a href="#Page_150">150</a>, <a href="#Page_268">268-269</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hone, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_97">97</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hone (W.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hopkins, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hopkins (“Vulture”), <a href="#Page_253">253</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Horne (Rev. H.), <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Horneck, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Howard, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Howard of Effingham, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Huddesford, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hudson (Tom of Ten Thousand), <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hudson (Thomas), <a href="#Page_280">280-281</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hughes, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Humphry, R.A., <a href="#Page_97">97</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hunter (Dr. William), <a href="#Page_2">2</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Huntington (Rev. W.), <a href="#Page_211">211-212</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hutchins, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Hutchinson (“Strap”?), <a href="#Page_297">297</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Incledon, <a href="#Page_292">292-293</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ireland (Dean), <a href="#Page_241">241</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ireland (Samuel), <a href="#Page_139">139</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Jackson, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">James <span class="smcapuc">I.</span>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">James, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">James (Sir W. J.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Janssen, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Jeffreys (Judge), <a href="#Page_140">140</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Jennings (or Noel), <a href="#Page_233">233-235</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Johnson (Dr. Samuel)—</li> -<li class="isub1">His mention of John Rann, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Joke about Cuper’s Gardens, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Visits to Marylebone Gardens, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Described by Smith, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Seizes a thief, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Discusses Garrick’s funeral, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His original for Pekuah, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Befriends Paterson, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Discusses the human eye, <a href="#Page_146">146-147</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His death, <a href="#Page_194">194</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">With Garrick at Hampton, <a href="#Page_289">289</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Jones (Inigo), <a href="#Page_209">209</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_330" id="Page_330">[330]</a></span>Jonson, <a href="#Page_299">299</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Jordan (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_221">221-223</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Joslin, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Junius, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Kauffman, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>, <a href="#Page_200">200</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kean, <a href="#Page_65">65</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Keate, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Keithe, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kendall, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kenrick, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kett, <a href="#Page_94">94</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Keyse, <a href="#Page_150">150</a>, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">King, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kip, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Kneller, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_291">291</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Knight, <a href="#Page_245">245-246</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Königsmark, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Lake (Sir J. W.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lamb (Charles), <a href="#Page_160">160</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_241">241</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lambert, <a href="#Page_213">213</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Langford, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lauron, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lawrence, R.A., <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_280">280</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Legat, <a href="#Page_283">283</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Leicester (Sir F.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lely (Sir Peter), <a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_255">255</a>, <a href="#Page_280">280</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lemon, <a href="#Page_142">142-143</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lennox, <a href="#Page_193">193</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lenox (Lady Sarah), <a href="#Page_163">163</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lenox (Charlotte), <a href="#Page_79">79</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">L’Estrange, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lever (Sir Ashton), <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_191">191</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lewis (“Strap”?), <a href="#Page_296">296</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lloyd, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lloyd (Bishop), <a href="#Page_300">300</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Locatelli, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lochee, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lock, <a href="#Page_195">195</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lodge, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lort (Dr.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Love (James), <a href="#Page_1">1</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Love (artist), <a href="#Page_27">27</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Lowe, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_7">7</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">MacArdell, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Macaulay (Catherine), <a href="#Page_80">80</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Macauley, <a href="#Page_240">240</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">MacNally, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Manners-Sutton (Archbishop), <a href="#Page_225">225</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Marion, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Marlborough (Duke of), <a href="#Page_2">2</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Martin, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mary Queen of Scots, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mathew (Rev. H.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mathew (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mathews (Charles), <a href="#Page_85">85</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Maton (Dr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Maynard (Viscount), <a href="#Page_92">92</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mayo (Dr.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Meckenen, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mendip (Lord), <a href="#Page_195">195</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Metz, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Meyer, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Meyrick (Dr.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_254">254</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Millan, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mitchell, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Mogg, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Money (Major), <a href="#Page_128">128</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Monk, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Monro (Dr.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Montagu (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Montagu (Lady M. W.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Montgomery (“Satan”), <a href="#Page_96">96</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">More (Hannah), <a href="#Page_80">80</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">More (Sir T.), <a href="#Page_301">301</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Morland, <a href="#Page_156">156</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Moser, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Moser, R.A. (Miss), <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">“Mother Damnable,” <a href="#Page_26">26</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Muet, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Musgrave (Sir W.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a>, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Musgrave, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Myddelton (Sir Hugh), <a href="#Page_142">142</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Nelson (Admiral Lord), <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Newton, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Niven (“Strap”?), <a href="#Page_297">297</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Nixon, <a href="#Page_212">212</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Noel (or Jennings), <a href="#Page_194">194</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Nollekens, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Nollekens (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Onslow (Speaker), <a href="#Page_22">22</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Oram, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Orford (Lord), <a href="#Page_35">35</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ottley, <a href="#Page_309">309</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Packer, <a href="#Page_121">121</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Palmer, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Parkyns, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Parsons (Sir L.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Parsons (Nancy), <a href="#Page_92">92</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Parton, <a href="#Page_196">196</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Paterson, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_110">110</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Peel (Sir R.), <a href="#Page_245">245</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Penny, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pepys, <a href="#Page_228">228</a>, <a href="#Page_302">302</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pergolesi, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Peters, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Petitot, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_331" id="Page_331">[331]</a></span>Phillips (Lieut.-Col.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Piozzi, <a href="#Page_322">322</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pliny, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pope (actor), <a href="#Page_163">163-164</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pope (Alexander), <a href="#Page_253">253</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pope (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pope (Miss), <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Porter, <a href="#Page_268">268</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Porter (Miss), <a href="#Page_48">48</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Prickett (Mrs. J. T. Smith), <a href="#Page_133">133</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Prior, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Pyne, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Rackett, <a href="#Page_241">241-242</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ramsay, <a href="#Page_313">313</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rann, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ratcliffe (Dr.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rawle, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rebecca, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Reinagle, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rembrandt, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Reynolds (Sir Joshua), <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_14">14</a>, <a href="#Page_97">97</a>, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>, <a href="#Page_219">219</a>, <a href="#Page_281">281</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rice, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rich, <a href="#Page_213">213</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Richards, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_279">279</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Richardson (Dr.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a>, <a href="#Page_279">279</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Richardson (Jonathan), <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_19">19</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rigaud, R.A., <a href="#Page_319">319</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Robins, <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Robinson (“Perdita”), <a href="#Page_83">83</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Robinson (Sir T.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Roma, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rooker, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rossi, R.A., <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Roubiliac, <a href="#Page_274">274</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Roupell, <a href="#Page_272">272</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rowlandson, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Roxburgh (Duke of), <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_176">176</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rubens, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_195">195</a>, <a href="#Page_244">244</a>, <a href="#Page_319">319</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Rumming, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ruysdael, <a href="#Page_259">259</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Ryland, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Salt (Henry), <a href="#Page_132">132</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Salt (Samuel), <a href="#Page_101">101</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sandby, R.A. (Paul), <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sandby, R.A. (Thomas), <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_92">92</a>, <a href="#Page_102">102-103</a>, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sandwich (Lord), <a href="#Page_96">96</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Schneider, <a href="#Page_264">264</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Schültze, <a href="#Page_261">261</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Score, <a href="#Page_281">281</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Scott (Samuel), <a href="#Page_104">104</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Seago, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Seguier, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>, <a href="#Page_319">319</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Serres, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Shakespeare, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sheridan, R.B., <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_158">158</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sheridan (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sherwin, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Shovel (Sir Cloudesley), <a href="#Page_253">253</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Shuter, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Siddons, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Slack, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Smart, <a href="#Page_161">161</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Smedley, <a href="#Page_250">250</a>, <a href="#Page_273">273-274</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Smith (Admiral), <a href="#Page_4">4</a>, <a href="#Page_278">278-279</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Smith (Charles), <a href="#Page_27">27</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Smith (Nathaniel), <a href="#Page_4">4</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="smcap">Smith (John Thomas)</span>—</li> -<li class="isub1">Birth, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His stick “Bannister,” <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Runs to Garrick’s funeral, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Kissed by “Perdita,” <a href="#Page_83">83</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">His will, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Sits for head of St. John, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Meets George <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, <a href="#Page_101">101-102</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Visits Chunee the elephant, <a href="#Page_107">107</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Thinks of being an actor, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Marries, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Illustrates Pennant, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Lives at Edmonton, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Applies for mastership, <a href="#Page_166">166-168</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Publishes <cite>Antiquities of Westminster</cite>, <a href="#Page_202">202</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Keeper of the Prints, <a href="#Page_224">224</a>.</li> -<li class="isub1">Publishes <cite>Vagabondiana</cite>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Smollett, <a href="#Page_296">296</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Solly (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_242">242</a>, <a href="#Page_290">290</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Southey, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sprimont, <a href="#Page_284">284</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Squires, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Standly, <a href="#Page_278">278</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Stanfield, R.A., <a href="#Page_306">306</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Staunton, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Steevens, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Stepney (Sir T.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Stewart, <a href="#Page_309">309-312</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Storace, <a href="#Page_58">58</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Storer, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Strange (Sir R.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Stuart (“Athenian”), <a href="#Page_104">104</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Stubbs, R.A., <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sturges, <a href="#Page_31">31</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Suett, <a href="#Page_118">118</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Sullivan, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Tanner, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tarleton (Sir B.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tarr, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_332" id="Page_332">[332]</a></span>Tatham, <a href="#Page_267">267</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Taylor, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_316">316-319</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Thane, <a href="#Page_219">219</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Thompson, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Thrale, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Thynne (Thomas), <a href="#Page_5">5</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Thynne (Lord John), <a href="#Page_241">241</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Toms, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tooke, <a href="#Page_209">209-211</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Topham (Colonel), <a href="#Page_153">153</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Toplady, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Torré, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Townley, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_195">195-196</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Townsend, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Townshend, <a href="#Page_253">253-254</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Towry, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Trusler (Rev. J.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Trusler (Miss), <a href="#Page_56">56</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tunnard, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Turner, R.A., <a href="#Page_151">151</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Turpin, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Twigg, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tyers, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_316">316</a>, <a href="#Page_319">319</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Tyler, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Vandyke, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Veigel (Mrs. Garrick), <a href="#Page_287">287</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Voltaire, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Wale, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wall (Governor), <a href="#Page_176">176-180</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Walks (Dr.), <a href="#Page_255">255</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Walpole (Horace), <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a>, <a href="#Page_220">220-221</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Walpole (Sir R.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Warton, <a href="#Page_94">94</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Watt, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Weever, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Welch, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wellington (Duke of), <a href="#Page_252">252</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wells (“Mother”), <a href="#Page_135">135</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wesley, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">West, <a href="#Page_313">313</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">West, P.R.A. (Benjamin), <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>, <a href="#Page_195">195</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Westmacott, R.A., <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Weston, <a href="#Page_208">208</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">White, <a href="#Page_202">202</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Whitefield, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Whitefield (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Whitefoord, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wigston, <a href="#Page_156">156</a>, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wilkes, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_15">15-16</a>, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Willan, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Willes (Sir J. S.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">William <span class="smcapuc">III.</span>, <a href="#Page_281">281-282</a>, <a href="#Page_315">315</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">William <span class="smcapuc">IV.</span>, <a href="#Page_291">291</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wilmot, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wilson, R.A., <a href="#Page_5">5</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wilton, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_318">318</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wilton (Miss), <a href="#Page_318">318</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Winchilsea (Earl of), <a href="#Page_192">192</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Winston, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Woffington, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wolcot (Dr.), <a href="#Page_119">119-120</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wolsey (Cardinal), <a href="#Page_141">141</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Woodforde, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Woodhouse, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Woodhull, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Woollett, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>, <a href="#Page_307">307</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Worlidge, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wrighten, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wroth (Sir H.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wyatt, <a href="#Page_92">92</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wyatt, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Wynn (Sir W. W.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Yates, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Yates (Mrs.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Yeo, R.A., <a href="#Page_12">12</a>.</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Zoffany, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_285">285</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Zuccarelli, R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Zucchero, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>.</li> - -<li class="indx">Zucchi, A.R.A., <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_200">200</a>.</li> - -</ul> - -<p class="titlepage"><i>Printed by <span class="smcap">Morrison & Gibb Limited</span>, Edinburgh</i></p> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's A Book for a Rainy Day, by John Thomas Smith - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BOOK FOR A RAINY DAY *** - -***** This file should be named 54693-h.htm or 54693-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/4/6/9/54693/ - -Produced by MWS and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet -Archive/American Libraries.) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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