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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
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+status under the laws that apply to them.
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #54027 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/54027)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Nil Darpan; or, The Indigo Planting Mirror, by
-Dinabandhu Mitra
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Nil Darpan; or, The Indigo Planting Mirror
- A Drama. Translated from the Bengali by a Native.
-
-Author: Dinabandhu Mitra
-
-Translator: Michael Madhusudan Dutt
-
-Release Date: January 19, 2017 [EBook #54027]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NIL DARPAN ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by KD Weeks, Mary Glenn Krause, Eric Lehtonen and
-the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
-http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
-generously made available by The Internet Archive)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Transcriber’s Note:
-
-This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects.
-Italics are delimited with the ‘_’ character as _italic_.
-
-Footnotes have been moved to follow the Scene in which they are
-referenced.
-
-Minor errors, attributable to the printer, have been corrected. Please
-see the transcriber’s note at the end of this text for details regarding
-the handling of any textual issues encountered during its preparation.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- NIL DARPAN,
- OR
- THE INDIGO PLANTING MIRROR,
-
-
-
- =A Drama.=
-
-
- TRANSLATED FROM THE BENGALI
-
- BY
-
- A NATIVE.
-
-
-
-
-
- ------------------
-
- _CALCUTTA_:
-
- C. H. MANUEL, CALCUTTA PRINTING AND PUBLISHING PRESS, No. 10,
- WESTON’S LANE, COSSITOLLAH.
-
- ---
-
- 1861.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-
- INTRODUCTION.
-
- ----------
-
-
-The original Bengali of this Drama—the NIL DARPAN, OR INDIGO PLANTING
-MIRROR—having excited considerable interest, a wish was expressed by
-various Europeans to see a translation of it. This has been made by a
-Native; both the original and translation are _bonâ fide_ Native
-productions and depict the Indigo Planting System as viewed by Natives
-at large.
-
-The Drama is the favourite mode with the Hindus for describing certain
-states of society, manners, customs. Since the days of Sir W. Jones, by
-scholars at Paris, St. Petersburgh, and London, the Sanskrit Drama has,
-in this point of view, been highly appreciated. The Bengali Drama
-imitates in this respect its Sanskrit parent. The evils of Kulin
-Brahminism, widow marriage prohibition, quackery, fanaticism, have been
-depicted by it with great effect.
-
-Nor has the system of Indigo planting escaped notice: hence the origin
-of this work, the NIL DARPAN, which, though exhibiting no marvellous or
-very tragic scenes, yet, in simple homely language, gives the “annals of
-the poor;” pleads the cause of those who are the feeble; it describes a
-respectable ryot, a peasant proprietor, happy with his family in the
-enjoyment of his land till the Indigo System compelled him to take
-advances, to neglect his own land, to cultivate crops which beggared
-him, reducing him to the condition of a serf and a vagabond; the effect
-of this on his home, children, and relatives are pointed out in
-language, plain but true; it shows how arbitrary power debases the lord
-as well as the peasant; reference is also made to the partiality of
-various Magistrates in favor of Planters and to the Act of last year
-penally enforcing Indigo contracts.
-
-Attention has of late years been directed by Christian Philanthropists
-to the condition of the ryots of Bengal, their teachers, and the
-oppression which they suffer, and the conclusion arrived at is, that
-there is little prospect or possibility of ameliorating the mental,
-moral, or spiritual condition of the ryot without giving him security of
-landed-tenure. If the Bengal ryot is to be treated as a serf, or a mere
-squatter or day-labourer, the missionary, the school-master, even the
-Developer of the resources of India, will find their work like that of
-Sisyphus—vain and useless.
-
-Statistics have proved that in France, Switzerland, Holland, Belgium,
-Sweden, Denmark, Saxony, the education of the peasant, along with the
-security of tenure he enjoys on his small farms, has encouraged
-industrious, temperate, virtuous, and cleanly habits, fostered a respect
-for property, increased social comforts, cherished a spirit of healthy
-and active independence, improved the cultivation of the land, lessened
-pauperism, and has rendered the people averse to revolution, and friends
-of order. Even Russia is carrying out a grand scheme of
-serf-emancipation in this spirit.
-
-It is the earnest wish of the writer of these lines that harmony may be
-speedily established between the Planter and the Ryot, that mutual
-interests may bind the two classes together, and that the European may
-be in the Mofussil the protecting Ægis of the peasants, who may be able
-“to sit each man under his mango and tamarind tree, none daring to make
-him afraid.”
-
-
-
-
- THE AUTHOR’S PREFACE.
-
- ----------
-
-
-I present “The Indigo Planting Mirror” to the Indigo Planters’ hands;
-now, let every one of them, having observed his face, erase the freckle
-of the stain of selfishness from his forehead, and, in its stead, place
-on it the sandal powder of beneficence, then shall I think my labour
-successful, good fortune for the helpless class of ryots, and
-preservation of England’s honor. Oh, ye Indigo Planters! Your malevolent
-conduct has brought a stain upon the English Nation, which was so graced
-by the ever-memorable names of Sydney, Howard, Hall, and other great
-men. Is your desire for money so very powerful, that through the
-instigation of that vain wealth, you are engaged in making holes like
-rust in the long acquired and pure fame of the British people? Abstain
-now from that unjust conduct through which you are raising immense sums
-as your profits; and then the poor people, with their families, will be
-able to spend their days in ease. You are now-a-days purchasing things
-worth a hundred rupees by expending only ten;—and you well know what
-great trouble the ryots are suffering from that. Still you are not
-willing to make that known, being entirely given up to the acquisition
-of money. You say, that some amongst you give donations to schools, and
-also medicine in time of need—but the Planters’ donations to schools are
-more odious than the application of the shoe for the destruction of a
-milch cow, and their grants of medicine are like unto mixing the
-inspissated milk in the cup of poison. If the application of a little
-turpentine after being beat by Shamchand,[1] be forming a dispensary,
-then it may be said that in every factory there is a dispensary. The
-Editors of two daily newspapers are filling their columns with your
-praises; and whatever other people may think, you never enjoy pleasure
-from it, since you know fully the reason of their so doing. What a
-surprising power of attraction silver has? The detestable Judas gave the
-great Preacher of the Christian religion, Jesus, into the hands of
-odious Pilate for the sake of thirty rupees; what wonder then, if the
-proprietors of two newspapers, becoming enslaved by the hope of gaining
-one thousand rupees, throw the poor helpless people of this land into
-the terrible grasp of your mouths. But _misery and happiness revolve
-like a wheel_, and that the sun of happiness is about to shed his light
-on the people of this country, is becoming very probable. The most
-kind-hearted Queen Victoria, the mother of the people, thinking it
-unadvisable to suckle her children through maid-servants, has now taken
-them on her own lap to nourish them. The most learned, intelligent,
-brave, and open-hearted Lord Canning is now the Governor-General of
-India; Mr. Grant, who always suffers in the sufferings of his people,
-and is happy when they are happy, who punishes the wicked and supports
-the good, has taken charge of the Lieutenant-Governorship, and other
-persons, as Messrs. Eden, Herschel, etc., who are, all well-known for
-their love of truth, for their great experience and strict impartiality,
-are continually expanding themselves lotus-like on the surface of the
-lake of the Civil Service. Therefore, it is becoming fully evident that
-these great men will very soon take hold of the rod of justice in order
-to stop the sufferings which the ryots are enduring from the great giant
-_Rahu_, the Indigo Planter.
-
------
-
-Footnote 1:
-
- _Shamchand_ is an instrument made of leather, used by the Planters for
- beating the ryots.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- PERSONS OF THE DRAMA.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-
- GOLUK CHUNDER BASU. |
- NOBIN MADHAB } _Sons of Goluk Chunder_.
- BINDU MADHAB }
- SADHU CHURN—_A neighbouring Ryot_.
- RAY CHURN—_Sadhu’s brother_.
- GOPI CHURN DAS—_The Dewan_.
- J. J. WOOD } _Indigo Planters_.
- P. P. ROSE }
- THE AMIN OR LAND MEASURER.
- A KHALASI, _a Tent-pitcher_.
- TAIDGIR—_Native Superintendent of Indigo Cultivation_.
-
- Magistrate, Amla, Attorney, Deputy Inspector, Pundit, Keeper of
- the Gaol, Doctor, a Cow-keeper, a Native Doctor, Four Boys, a
- Latyal or Club-man, and a Herdsman.
-
- WOMEN.
-
- SABITRI—_Wife of Goluk Chunder_.
- SOIRINDRI—_Wife of Nobin_.
- SARALOTA—_Wife of Bindu Madhab_.
- REBOTI—_Wife of Sadhu Churn_.
- KHETROMANI—_Daughter of Sadhu_.
- ADURI—_Maid-servant in Goluk Chunder’s house_.
- PODI MOYRANI—_A Sweetmeat Maker_.
-
-
-
-
- FIRST ACT—FIRST SCENE.
- SVAROPUR—GOLUK CHUNDER’S GOLA OR STORE-HOUSE.
-
- -------
-
-
- GOLUK CHUNDER BASU _and_ SADHU CHURN _sitting_.
-
- _Sadhu._ Master I told you then we cannot live any more in this
- country. You did not hear me however. _A poor man’s word bears
- fruit after the lapse of years._
-
- _Goluk._ O my child! Is it easy to leave one’s country? My family
- has been here for seven generations. The lands which our
- fore-fathers rented have enabled us never to acknowledge ourselves
- servants of others. The rice which grows, provides food for the
- whole year, means of hospitality to guests, and also the expense
- of religious services; the mustard seed we get, supplies oil for
- the whole year, and, besides, we can sell it for about sixty or
- seventy rupees. Svaropur is not a place where people are in
- want.—It has rice, peas, oil, molasses from its fields, vegetables
- in the garden, and fish from the tanks;—whose heart is not torn
- when obliged to leave such a place? And who can do that easily?
-
- _Sadhu._ Now it is no more a place of happiness: your garden is
- already gone, and your relatives are on the point of forsaking
- you. Ah! it is not yet three years since the Saheb took a lease of
- this place, and he has already ruined the whole village. We cannot
- bear to turn our eyes in the southern direction towards the house
- of the heads of the villages (Mandal). Oh! what was it once, and
- what is it now! Three years ago, about sixty men used to make a
- daily feast in the house; there were ten ploughs, and about forty
- or fifty oxen; as to the court-yard, it was crowded like as at the
- horse races; when they used to arrange the ricks of corn, it
- appeared, as it were, that the lotus had expanded itself on the
- surface of a lake bordered by sandal groves; the granary was as
- large as a hill; but last year the granary not being repaired, was
- on the point of falling into the yard. Because he was not allowed
- to plant Indigo in the rice-field, the wicked Saheb beat the
- _Majo_ and _Sajo_ Babus most severely; and how very difficult was
- it to get them out of his clutches; the ploughs and kine were
- sold, and at that crisis the two Mandals left the village.
-
- _Goluk._ Did not the eldest Mandal go to bring his brethren back?
-
- _Sadhu._ They said, we would rather beg from door to door than go
- to live there again. The eldest Mandal is now left alone, and he
- has kept two ploughs, which are nearly always engaged in the
- Indigo-fields. And even this person is making preparations for
- flying off. Oh, Sir! I tell you also to throw aside this
- infatuated attachment (_maya_) for your native place. Last time
- your rice went, and this time, your honour will go.
-
- _Goluk._ What honor remains to us now? The Planter has prepared
- his places of cultivation round about the tank, and will plant
- Indigo there this year. In that case, our women will be entirely
- excluded from the tank. And also the Saheb has said that if we do
- not cultivate our rice-fields with Indigo, he will make Nobin
- Madhab to drink the water of seven Factories (_i. e._ to be
- confined in them).
-
- _Sadhu._ Has not the eldest Babu gone to the Factory?
-
- _Goluk._ Has he gone of his own will? The pyeadah (a servant) has
- carried him off there.
-
- _Sadhu._ But your eldest Babu has very great courage. On the day
- the Saheb said, “If you don’t hear the Amin, and don’t plant the
- Indigo within the ground marked off, then shall we throw your
- houses into the river Betraboti, and shall make you eat your rice
- in the factory godown;“ the eldest Babu replied, “As long as we
- shall not get the price for the fifty bigahs of land sown with
- Indigo last year, we will not give one bigah this year for Indigo.
- What do we care for our house? We shall even risk (pawn) our
- lives.”
-
- _Goluk._ What could he have done, without he said that? Just see,
- no anxiety would have remained in our family if the fifty bigahs
- of rice produce had been left with us. And if they give us the
- money for the Indigo, the greater part of our troubles will go
- away.
-
- NOBIN MADHAB _enters._
-
- O my son, What has been done?
-
- _Nobin._ Sir, _does the cobra shrink from biting the little child
- on the lap of its mother on account of the sorrow of the mother_?
- I flattered him much, but: he understood nothing by that. He kept
- to his word, and said, give us sixty bigahs of land, secured by
- written documents, and take 50 Rupees, then we shall close the two
- years’ account at once.
-
- _Goluk._ Then, if we are to give sixty bigahs for the cultivation
- of the Indigo, we cannot engage in any other cultivation whatever.
- Then we shall die without rice crops.
-
- _Nobin._ I said, “Saheb, as you engage all your men, our ploughs,
- and our kine, every thing, in the Indigo field, only give us every
- year through our food. We don’t want hire.” On which, he with a
- laugh said, “You surely don’t eat Yaban’s[2] rice.”
-
- _Sadhu._ Those whose only pay is a belly full of food are, I
- think, happier than we are.
-
- _Goluk._ We have nearly abandoned all the ploughs; still we have
- to cultivate Indigo. We have no chance in a dispute with the
- Sahebs. They bind and beat us, it is for us to suffer. We are
- consequently obliged to work.
-
- _Nobin._ I shall do as you order, Sir; but my design is for once
- to bring action into Court.
-
- ADURI _enters._
-
- _Aduri._ Our Mistress is making noise within; the day is far
- advanced; will you not go to bathe, and take your food. The boiled
- rice is very near become dry.
-
- _Sadhu._ (_Standing up._) Sir, decide something about this, or I
- shall die. If we give the labour of one-and-a-half of our ploughs
- for the cultivation of nine bigahs of Indigo-fields, our boiling
- pots of rice will go empty. Now, I am going away, Sir, farewell,
- our oldest Babu.
-
- (_Sadhu goes away._)
-
- _Goluk._ We don’t think that God will any more allow us to bathe
- and to take food in this land. Now, my son, go and bathe.
-
- (_All go away._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 2:
-
- The Mahomedans and all other nations who are not Hindus, are
- called by that name.
-
------
-
- ----------
-
- FIRST ACT—SECOND SCENE.
- THE HOUSE OF SADHU CHURN.
-
- -------
-
-
- RAY CHURN _enters with his plough_.
-
- _Ray._ (_Holding his plough._) The stupid Amin is a tiger. The
- violence with which he came upon me! Oh my God! I thought that he
- was coming to devour me. That villain did not hear a single word
- and with force he marked off the ground. If they take five bigahs
- of land, what will my family eat. First, we will shed tears before
- them; if they don’t let us alone, as a matter of course, we shall
- leave the country.
-
- KHETROMANI _enters_.
-
- Is my brother come home?
-
- _Khetra._ Father is gone to the house of the Babu’s and is coming
- very soon. Will you not go to call my aunt? What were you talking
- about?
-
- _Ray._ I am talking of nothing. Now, bring me a little water, my
- stomach is on the point of bursting from thirst. I told my
- brother-in-law[3] so much, but he did not hear me.
-
- SADHU _enters, and_ KHETROMANI _goes away_.
-
- _Sadhu._ Ray, why did you come so early?
-
- _Ray._ O my brother, the vile Amin has marked off the piece of
- ground in Sanpoltola. What shall we eat; and how shall I pass the
- year? Ah, our land was bright as the golden champah.[4] By the
- produce of only one corner of the field, we satisfied the
- mahajans. What shall we eat now, and what shall our children take?
- This large family may die without food. Every morning two _recas_
- (nearly 5 lbs) of rice are necessary. What shall we eat then? Oh,
- my Ill-fortune! Ill-fortune (burnt forehead)! what has the Indigo
- of this white man done?
-
- _Sadhu._ We were living in the hope of cultivating those bigahs of
- land; and now, if these are gone, than what use is there of
- remaining here any more. And the one or two bigahs which are
- become saltish, they yield no produce. Again, the ploughs are to
- remain in the Indigo-field; and what can we do. Don’t weep now;
- to-morrow we shall sell off the ploughs and cows, leave this
- village, and go and live in the Zemindary of Babu Basanta.
-
- KHETROMANI _and_ REBOTI _enter with water_.
-
- Now, drink the water, drink the water; what do you fear? He who
- has given life, will provide also food. Now, what did you say to
- the Amin?
-
- _Ray._ What can I say? He began to mark off the ground, on which
- it seemed as if he began to _thrust burnt sticks_ _into my
- breast_, I entreated, holding him by his feet, and wanted to give
- him money; but he heard nothing. He said, go to your eldest Babu;
- go to your father. When I returned, I only punished him with
- saying, “I shall bring this before the Court.”
-
- (_Seeing the Amin at a distance._)
-
- Just see, that villain (_Shálá_) is coming; he has brought
- servants with him, and will take us to the Factory.
-
- _The_ AMIN _and the two Servants enter_.
-
- _Amin._ Bind the hands of this villain.
-
- (_Ray Churn is bound by the two Servants._)
-
- _Reboti._ Oh! What is this? Why do they bind him? What ruin! What
- ruin! (_to Sadhu_) Why do you stand looking on? Go to the house of
- the Babus, and call the eldest Babu here.
-
- _Amin._ (_To Sadhu._) Where shalt thou go now? You are also to go
- with me. To take advances is not the business of Ray. We shall
- have much to bear with if we are to make signature by cross marks.
- And because you know how to read and to write, therefore you must
- go and make the signatures in the Factory Account-book.
-
- _Sadhu._ Sir, do you call this giving advances for Indigo; would
- it not be better to call it the _cramming down_ Indigo?[5] Oh! my
- Ill-fortune, you are still with me. That very blow through fear of
- which I fled, I have to bear again. This land was as the Kingdom
- of Rama before Indigo was established; but the ignorant fool is
- become a beggar, and famine has come upon the land.
-
- _Amin._ (_To himself observing Khetromani._) This young woman is
- not bad-looking; if our younger Saheb can get her, he will, with
- his whole heart, take her. But while I was unable to succeed in
- getting a peshkar’s (overseer’s) post by giving him my own sister,
- what can I expect from getting him this woman; but still she is
- very beautiful; I will try.
-
- _Reboti._ Khetra, go into the room.
-
- (_Khetromani goes away._)
-
- _Amin._ Now, Sadhu, if you want to come in a proper manner, come
- with me to the Factory.
-
- (_Going forward._)
-
- _Reboti._ Oh Amin! have you no wife nor children? Have you kept
- only the plough and this beating (_márpit_)? Did he not want to
- drink a little water? By this time he ought to take a second meal,
- how can he then, without taking any food, go to the Saheb’s house
- which is at such a distance. I ask for the Saheb’s grace; just let
- him have some food; and then take him away. Oh! he is so very much
- troubled for his wife and his children. Oh! he is shedding tears,
- his face is become dry. What are you doing? To what a burnt-up
- land am I come? Destruction has come upon me both in life and
- money. Oh! Oh! Oh! I am gone both in life and money. (_Weeps._)
-
- _Amin._ Oh, stupid woman! Now stop your grunting. If you want to
- give water, bring it soon; else I shall take him away. (_Ray Churn
- drinks water; exit all._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 3:
-
- Here the word is used sarcastically; and is taken to mean the
- brother of the wife.
-
-Footnote 4:
-
- The name of a beautiful yellow flower.
-
-Footnote 5:
-
- There is a play here an the words _Dádan_ and _Gádan_.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FIRST ACT—THIRD SCENE.
- THE FACTORY OF BEGUNBARI. THE VERANDA OF THE LARGE BUNGALOW.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Enter_ J. J. WOOD _and_ GOPI CHURN DAS, _the Dewan_.
-
- _Gopi._ What fault have I done, my Lord? You are observing me day
- by day. I begin to move about early in the morning, and return
- home at three o’Clock in the afternoon.
-
- Again, immediately after taking dinner, I sit down to look over
- papers about Indigo advances; and that takes my time to twelve and
- sometimes to one o’Clock in the night.
-
- _Wood._ You, rascal, are very inexperienced. There are no advances
- made in Svaropur, Shamanagar, and Santighata villages. You will
- never learn without Shamchand, (the leather strap).
-
- _Gopi._ My Lord I am your servant. It is through favour only that
- you have raised me from the _peshkári_ business to the Dewani. You
- are my only Lord, you can either kill me or can cut me in pieces.
- Certain powerful enemies have arisen against this Factory; and
- without their punishment, there is no cultivation of Indigo.
-
- _Wood._ How can I punish without knowing them? As for money,
- horses, latyals (club-men), I have a sufficiency; can they not be
- punished by these? The former Dewan made known to me about those
- enemies. You do not. I have scourged those wicked people, taken
- away their kine, and kept their wives in confinement, which is a
- very severe punishment for them. You are a very great fool; you
- know nothing at all. The business of the Dewan is not that of the
- Kayt caste; I shall drive you off, and give the business to a
- Keaot.
-
- _Gopi._ My Lord, although I am by caste a Káystha, I do my work
- like a Keaot (a shoe-maker). The service which I have rendered in
- stopping the rice cultivation and making the Indigo to grow in the
- field of the Mollahs, and also to take (_lákhraj_) his rent-free
- lands of seven generations from Goluk Chunder Bose, and to take
- away the iron crow[6] from the Government; the work I have done
- for these, I can dare say, can never be done by a Keaot (a
- shoemaker). It is my ill-fortune only (evil forehead) that I don’t
- get the least praise for doing so much.
-
- _Wood._ That fool, Nobin Madhab, wants the whole account settled.
- I shall not give him a single cowrie. That fellow is very well
- versed in the affairs of the Court; but I shall see, how that
- braggart takes the advances from me.
-
- _Gopi._ Sir, he is one of the principal enemies of this Factory.
- The burning down of Polasapore would never have been proved, had
- Nobin no concern in the matter. That fool himself prepared the
- draft of the petition; and it was through his advice and intrigues
- that the Attorney so turned the mind of the Judge. Again, it was
- through his intrigues that our former Dewan was confined for two
- years. I forbade him, saying, “Babu Nobin, don’t act against our
- Saheb; and, especially as he has not burnt your house.” To which
- he replied, “I have enlisted myself in order to save the poor
- ryots. I shall think myself highly rewarded, if I can preserve one
- poor ryot from the tortures of the cruel Indigo Planters; and
- throwing this Dewan into prison, I shall have compensation for my
- garden.” That braggart is become like a Christian Missionary; and
- I cannot say what preparations he is making this time.
-
- _Wood._ You are afraid. Did I not tell you at first, you are very
- ignorant? No work is to be done through you.
-
- _Gopi._ Saheb, what signs of fear hast thou seen in me? When I
- have entered on this Indigo profession, I have thrown off all
- fear, shame, and honor; and the destroying of cows, of Brahmins,
- of women, and the burning down of houses are become my ornaments,
- and I now lie down in bed keeping the jail as my pillow (_thinking
- of it_).
-
- _Wood._ I do not want words, but works.
-
- SADHU RAY, _the_ AMIN, _and the two Servants enter, making
- salams_.
-
- Why are this wicked fool’s hands bound with cords?
-
- _Gopi._ My Lord, this Sadhu Churn is a head ryot; but through the
- enticement of Nobin Bose he has been led to engage in the
- destruction of Indigo.
-
- _Sadhu._ My Lord, I do nothing unjust against your Indigo, nor am
- I doing now, neither have I power to do any thing wrong; willingly
- or unwillingly I have prepared the Indigo, and also I am ready to
- make it this time. But then, every thing has its probability and
- improbability; if you want to make powder of eight inches’
- thickness to enter a pipe half-an-inch thick, will it not burst? I
- am a poor ryot, keep only one-and-a-half ploughs, have only twenty
- bigahs of land for cultivation; and now, if I am to give nine
- bigahs out of that for Indigo, that must occasion my death, but my
- Lord, what is that to you, it is only my death.
-
- _Gopi._ The Saheb fears lest you keep him confined in the godown
- of your eldest Babu.
-
- _Sadhu._ Now, Sir Dewanji, _what you say is striking a corpse_
- (useless labor). What mite am I that I shall imprison the Saheb,
- the mighty and glorious.
-
- _Gopi._ Sadhu, now away with your high flown language; it does not
- sound well on the tongue of a peasant; it is like a sweeper’s
- broom touching the body.
-
- _Wood._ Now the rascal is become very wise.
-
- _Amin._ That fool explains the laws and magistrate’s orders to the
- common people, and thus raises confusion. His brother draws the
- ploughshare, and he uses the high word _pratápsháli_ “glorious.”
-
- _Gopi._ The child of the preparer of cow-dung balls is become a
- Court Naeb (deputy). My Lord, the establishment of schools in
- villages has increased the violence of the ryots.
-
- _Wood._ I shall write to our Indigo Planters’ Association to make
- a petition to the Government for stopping the schools in villages;
- we shall fight to secure stopping the schools.
-
- _Amin._ That fool wants to bring the case into Court.
-
- _Wood._ (_To Sadhu_) You are very wicked. You have twenty bigahs,
- of which, if you employ nine bigahs for Indigo, why can’t you
- cultivate the other nine bigahs for rice.
-
- _Gopi._ My Lord, the debt which is credited to him can be made use
- of for bringing the whole twenty bigahs within our own power.
-
- _Sadhu._ (_To himself_) O oh! _the witness for the spirit-seller
- is the drunkard?_ (_Openly_) If the nine bigahs which are marked
- off for the cultivation of the Indigo were worked by the plough
- and kine of the Factory, then can I use the other nine bigahs for
- rice. The work which is to be done in the rice-field is only a
- fourth of that which is necessary in the Indigo-field,
- consequently if I am to remain engaged in these nine bigahs, the
- remaining eleven bigahs will be without cultivation.
-
- _Wood._ You, dolt, are very wicked, you scoundrel (_háramjádá_);
- you must take the money in advance; you must cultivate the land;
- you are a very scoundrel (_kicks him_). You shall leave off every
- thing when you meet with Shamchand (_takes Shamchand from the
- wall._)
-
- _Sadhu._ My Lord, _the hand is only blackened by killing a fly_,
- _i. e._, your beating me only injures you. I am too mean. We—
-
- _Ray._ (_Angrily_) O my brother, you had better stop; let them
- take what they can; our very stomach is on the point of falling
- down from hunger. The whole day is passed, we have not yet been
- able either to bathe or to take our food.
-
- _Amin._ O rascal, where is your Court now? (_Twists his ears_).
-
- _Ray._ (_With violent panting_). I now die! My mother! my mother!
-
- _Wood._ Beat that “bloody nigger,” (_beats with Shamchand, the
- leather strap_).
-
- _Enter_ NOBIN MADHAB.
-
- _Ray._ O thou Babu! I am dying! Give me some water. I am just
- dead!
-
- _Nobin._ Saheb they have not bathed, neither have they taken the
- least food. The members of their family have not yet washed their
- faces. If you thus destroy your ryots by flogging them, who will
- prepare your Indigo? This Sadhu Churn prepared the produce of
- about four bigahs last year with the greatest trouble possible;
- and if with such severe beatings you make such cruel advances to
- them, that is only your loss. For this day give them leave, and
- to-morrow I myself shall bring them with me, and do as thou do’st
- bid me.
-
- _Wood._ Attend to your own business. What concern have you with
- another’s affairs. Sadhu, give your opinion quickly, as it is my
- dinner time.
-
- _Sadhu._ What is the use of waiting for my opinion? You have
- already marked off the four bigahs of the most productive land;
- and the Amin has, to-day, marked off the remaining part. The land
- is marked without my consent, the Indigo shall be prepared in the
- same way; and I also agree to prepare it without taking any
- advances.
-
- _Wood._ Do you say my advances are all fictitious you cursed
- wretch, bastard and heretic, (_beats him_).
-
- _Nobin._ (_Covers with his hand the back of Sadhu_). My Lord, this
- poor man has many to support in his family. Owing to the beating
- he has got, I think, he will be confined in bed for a month. Oh!
- What pains his family is suffering? Sir, you have also your
- family. Now, what sorrow would affect the mind of your wife if you
- were taken prisoner at your dinner-time?
-
- _Wood._ Be silent thou fool, braggart, low fellow, cow-eater.
- Don’t think that this Magistrate is like that one of Amaranagara,
- that you can, for every word, lay complaints before him, and
- imprison the men of the Factory. The Magistrate of Indrabad is as
- death to you. You rascal, you must first give me a hand-note to
- state you have received the advance for sixty bigahs of land, or
- else I shall not let you go this day. I shall break your head with
- this Shamchand, you stupid. It is owing to your not taking
- advances, that I have not been able to force advances on ten other
- villages.
-
- _Nobin._ (_With heavy sighs._) O my Mother Earth! separate
- yourself that I may enter into you. In my life I never suffered
- such an insult. O, oh!
-
- _Gopi._ Babu Nobin, better go home, no use of making fuss.
-
- _Nobin._ Sadhu, call on God, He is the only support of the
- helpless.
-
- (_Nobin Madhab goes away._)
-
- _Wood._ Thou slave of the slave. Take him to the Factory, Dewan,
- and give him the advance according to rule.
-
- (_Wood goes away._)
-
- _Gopi._ Sadhu, come along to the Factory. Does the Saheb forget
- his words?
-
- Now _ashes have fallen on your ready-made rice_; the Yama[7] of
- Indigo has attacked you, and you have no safety.
-
------
-
-Footnote 6:
-
- An instrument made use of for breaking down buildings.
-
-Footnote 7:
-
- Yama is Death, the king of terror.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FIRST ACT—FOURTH SCENE.
- GOLUK CHUNDER BASU’S HALL.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Enter_ SOIRINDRI _preparing a hair-string_.
-
- _Soirindri._ I never did prepare such a piece of hair-string. The
- youngest Bou[8] is the most fortunate, since whatever I do in her
- name proves successful. The hair-string I have made, is the
- thinnest possible. According to the hair, the hair-string is made.
- Oh! how beautiful the hair is; it is like unto that of the Goddess
- Kali. The face is as the lotus, always smiling. People may say
- whatever they choose to one whom they do not like. I don’t attend
- to that. For my part, I feel pleasure when I see the face of the
- youngest Bou. I consider the youngest Bou in the same light, as I
- do Bipin. The youngest Bou loves me as her own mother.
-
- SARALOTA _enters with a braid in her hand_.
-
- _Saralota._ My sister, just see whether I have been able to make
- the under part of this braid? Is it not made?
-
- _Soirindri._ (_Seeing the braid._) Yes, now it is well made. O! my
- sister, this part is made somewhat bad; the yellow does not look
- well after the red colour.
-
- _Saralota._ I wove it by observing your braid.
-
- _Soirindri._ Is the yellow after the red in that?
-
- _Saralota._ No; in that the green is after the red. But because my
- green thread is finished, therefore I placed the yellow after
- that.
-
- _Soirindri._ You were not able, I see, to wait for the market-day.
- I see, my sister, every thing is in haste with you. As it is said,
- “_Hurry is in Brindabun; but as soon as the desire rises, there is
- no more waiting._”[9]
-
- _Saralota._ Oh! What fault have I committed for that? Can that be
- got in the market? At the last market-day, my mother-in-law sent
- for it; but that was not got.
-
- _Soirindri._ When they write a letter this time to my husband’s
- brother, we shall send to ask for threads of various colours.
-
- _Saralota._ Sister, how many days are there still remaining of
- this month?
-
- _Soirindri._ (_Laughingly._) On the place where the pain is, the
- hand touches. As soon as his[10] College closes, he shall come
- home, therefore you are counting the days. Ah! my sister, your
- mind’s words are come out.
-
- _Saralota._ I say truly, my sister; I never meant that.
-
- _Soirindri._ How very good-natured our Bindu Madhab is? His words
- are honey. When we hear his letters read, they _rain like drops of
- nectar_. I never saw such love towards one’s brother as his; and
- also his brother shows the greatest affection for him. When he
- hears the name of Bindu Madhab, his heart overflows with joy, and
- it becomes, as it were, expanded. Also, as he is, so our Saralota
- is, (_pressing Saralota’s cheek_) Saralota is _as honesty itself_
- (_Saralota_). Have I not brought with me my huká? I see, that as I
- cannot remain without it for a moment, that is the first thing
- which I have forgotten to bring along with me.
-
- _Enter_ ADURI.
-
- Aduri, will you just go and bring me some ashes of tobacco?
-
- _Aduri._ Where shall I now seek for it?
-
- _Soirindri._ It is stuck on the thatched roof of the cook-room, on
- the right side of the steps leading into the room.
-
- _Aduri._ Then, let me bring the ladder from the threshing floor;
- else how can I reach to the roof?
-
- _Saralota._ Very well.
-
- _Soirindri._ Why can she not understand our mother-in-law’s word?
- Don’t you understand what steps are, and what Dain[11] signifies?
-
- _Aduri._ Why shall I become a Dain; it is my fate. _As soon as a
- poor woman becomes old and her teeth fall out_ _she is immediately
- called a Dain._ I shall speak of this to our mistress; am I become
- so old as to be called a Dain?
-
- _Soirindri._ (_Rising up._) Youngest Bou, sit down, I am coming;
- to-day we shall hear the Betal of Vidyeasagar.
-
- (_Soirindri goes away._)
-
- _Aduri._ That Sagar allows marriage to the widows; fie! fie! Are
- there not two parties to that? I am of the Ajah’s[12] party.
-
- _Saralota._ Aduri, did your husband love you well?
-
- _Aduri._ O young Haldarni, do not raise that word of sorrow now.
- Even up to this day, when his face comes before my mind’s eye, my
- heart, as it were, bursts with sorrow. He loved me very much. And
- he even wanted to give me a daughter-in-law. He even did not give
- me time to sleep. Whenever I felt drowsy, he said, “O my love, are
- you sleeping.”
-
- _Saralota._ Did you call him by his name?
-
- _Aduri._ Fie! fie! fie! The husband is one’s Lord. Is it proper to
- call him by his name?
-
- _Saralota._ Then, how did you call him?
-
- _Aduri._ I used to say, “O! do you hear me.”
-
- _Enter_ SOIRINDRI _again_.
-
- _Soirindri._ Who has irritated this fool again?
-
- _Aduri._ She was inquiring after my husband, therefore I was
- speaking with her.
-
- _Soirindri._ (_Laughing._) I never saw a greater fool than this
- our youngest Bou. While having so many subjects of talk, still you
- are exciting Aduri in order to hear from her about her husband.
-
- _Enter_ REBOTI _and_ KHETROMANI.
-
- Welcome, my dear sister, I have been sending for you for these
- many days; still I see, you don’t get time to come. O our youngest
- Bou, here take your Khetra; here she is come. She was troubling me
- for these days, saying, My sister Khetra, of the Ghose family, is
- come from her father-in-law’s house; then, why is she not yet
- coming to our house?
-
- _Reboti._ Yes, such is your love towards us. Khetra, bow down
- before your aunt.
-
- (_Khetromani bows down._)
-
- _Soirindri._ Remain with your husband for life; wear vermillion
- even in your white hair; let your iron circlet[13] continue for
- ever, and the next time you go to your father-in-law’s house, take
- your new-born son with you.
-
- _Aduri._ The young Haldarni speaks most fluently before me; but
- this young girl bowed down before her; and she spoke not a single
- word.
-
- _Soirindri._ Oh! what of that. Aduri, just go and call our
- mother-in-law here.
-
- (_Aduri goes out._)
-
- The fool knows not what she says. For how many months is she[14]
- with child?
-
- _Reboti._ Did I yet express that? The bad turn of my fortune
- (_broken forehead_) is such, that I yet cannot say whether that is
- actually the case or not? It is because that you are very familiar
- with us, that I tell it you: at the end of this month she will be
- in her fourth month.
-
- _Saralota._ Khetra, why did you cut off the curls of your hair?
-
- _Khetro._ The elder brother of my husband was much displeased at
- seeing the curls in my hair. Our mistress said, that curls agree
- best with prostitutes and women of rich families. I was so much
- ashamed at hearing his words, that from that very day I cut off my
- curls.
-
- _Soirindri._ Youngest Bou, the shades of evening are spreading
- about; just go, my sister, and bring the clothes.
-
- _Enter_ ADURI _again_.
-
- _Saralota._ (_Standing up._) Aduri, come with me; let us go up,
- and bring down the clothes.
-
- _Aduri._ Let young Haldar first come home, ha! ha! ha!
-
- (_Ashamed, Saralota goes away._)
-
- _Soirindri._ (_With anger, yet laughing._) Go thou unfortunate
- fool; at every word, you joke. Where is my mother-in-law?
-
- _Enters_ SABITRI.
-
- Yes, she is come.
-
- _Sabitri._ Ghose Bou, art thou come, and hast thou brought your
- daughter with you? Yes, you have done well. Bipin was making
- noise, therefore, I sent him out and am come here.
-
- _Reboti._ My mother, I bow down before you. Khetra, bow down
- before your grand-mother. (_Khetromani bows down._)
-
- _Sabitri._ Be happy, be the mother of seven sons. (_Coughing
- aside._) My eldest Bou, just go into the room, I think my son is
- up. Oh! my son has no regular time for bathing, neither for taking
- food. My Nobin is become very weak by mere vain thoughts—(_aside_,
- “Aduri”) Oh! my daughter, go in soon, I think, he is asking for
- water.
-
- _Soirindri._ (_Aside, to Aduri._) Aduri, calling for you.
-
- _Aduri._ Calling for me, but asking for you.
-
- _Soirindri._ Thou burnt-faced. Sister Ghose meet me another day.
-
- (_Exit Soirindri._)
-
- _Reboti._ O my mother, here is none else. Some great danger has
- fallen upon me, that Podi Moyrani came to our house yesterday.
-
- _Sabitri._ Rama! Rama! Rama! who allows that nasty fool to enter
- his house? What is left of her virtue? She has only to write her
- name in the public notices.
-
- _Reboti._ My mother, but what shall I do! My house is not an
- enclosed one. When our males go to take dinner outside, the house
- is no more a house; but you may call it a mart. That strumpet says
- (I do shrink at the thought), she says, that the young Saheb is
- become, as it were, mad at seeing Khetromani; and wants to see her
- in the Factory.
-
- _Aduri._ Fye! fye! fye! bad smell of the onion! Can we go to the
- Saheb. Fye! fye! bad smell of the onion! I shall never be out any
- more alone. I can bear every other thing, but the smell of the
- onion I can never bear. Fye! fye! bad smell of the onion!
-
- _Reboti._ But, my mother, is not the virtue of the poor actual
- virtue? That fool[15] says, he will give money, give grants of
- lands for the cultivation of rice; and also give some employment
- to our son-in-law. Fie! fie! to money. Is virtue something to be
- sold? Has it any price? What can I say? That fool was an agent of
- the Saheb, or else I would have broken her mouth with one kick. My
- daughter is become thunder-struck from yesterday; and now and
- then, she is starting with fear.
-
- _Aduri._ Oh, the Beard! When he speaks, it is like a he-goat
- twisting about its mouth. For my part, I would never be able to go
- there as long as he does not leave off his onions and beard. Fie!
- fie! fie! the bad smell of the onion.
-
- _Reboti._ Mother, again that unfortunate fool says, if you do not
- send her with me, I shall take her away by certain latyals.
-
- _Sabitri._ What more is the Burmese (Mug) power? Can anyone take
- away a woman from a house in the British Dominion?
-
- _Reboti._ O my Mother! Every violence can be committed in the
- ryot’s house. Taking away the women, they bring the men under
- their power. In giving advances for Indigo they can do this; only
- they cannot commit this before one’s eyes. Don’t you know, my
- mother, the other day, because certain parties did not agree to
- sign a fictitious receipt of advances, they broke down their house
- and took away by force the wife of one of the Babus.
-
- _Sabitri._ What anarchy is this! Did you inform Sadhu of this?
-
- _Reboti._ No, my mother. He is already become mad on account of
- the Indigo; again, if he hear this, will he keep quiet? Through
- excessive anger he will rather smite his head with the axe.
-
- _Sabitri._ Very well, I shall make this known to Sadhu, through my
- husband; you need not say anything. What misfortune is this! The
- Indigo Planters can do anything. Then why do I hear it generally
- said, that the Sahebs are strict in dispensing justice. Again, my
- son Bindu Madhab speaks much in praise of them. Therefore I think
- that _these are not Sahebs_; no, _they are the dregs_, (_Chandál_)
- _of Sahebs_.
-
- _Reboti._ Respecting another word which Moyrani has said, I think
- the eldest Babu has not heard of it—that a new order has been
- proclaimed, by which the wicked Sahebs, by opening a communication
- with the Magistrate, can throw any one into prison for six months;
- again, that they are making preparations for doing the same with
- the Babus.
-
- _Sabitri._ (_Sighing deeply._) If this be in the mind of God it
- will be.
-
- _Reboti._ Many other things she said, my mother; but I was not
- able to understand her. Is it the fact, that there is no appeal
- when once a person is imprisoned?
-
- _Aduri._ I think, the wretch has aggravated this imprisoning.
-
- _Sabitri._ Aduri, be silent a little, my child.
-
- _Reboti._ Moreover, the wife of the Indigo Planter, in order to
- make her husband’s case strong (_pakka_), has sent a letter to the
- Magistrate, since it is said that the Magistrate hears her words
- most attentively.
-
- _Aduri._ I saw the lady; she has no shame at all. When the
- Magistrate of the Zillah (whose name occasions great terror) goes
- riding about through the village, the lady also rides on
- horseback, with him.—The Bou riding about on a horse! Because the
- aunt of Kesi once laughed before the elder brother of her husband,
- all people ridiculed her; while this was the Magistrate of the
- Zillah.
-
- _Sabitri._ I see, wretched woman, thou wilt occasion some great
- misfortune one day. Now it is evening, Ghose Bou, better go home.
- There is Durga.
-
- _Reboti._ Now, I go my mother. I shall buy some oil from the shop;
- then there will be light in the house.
-
- (_Exit Reboti and Khetromani._)
-
- _Sabitri._ Can’t you remain without speaking something at every
- word.
-
- _Enter_ SARALOTA _with clothes on her head_.
-
- _Aduri._ Here, our washerwoman is come with her clothes.
-
- _Sabitri._ Thou fool, why is she a washerwoman? _She is my Bou of
- gold, my Goddess of good Fortune_ (_patting her back_). Is there
- no one in my family excepting you to bring down the clothes? Can’t
- you, for one dunda[16] sit quiet in one place? Art thou born of
- such a mad woman? How did you tear off your cloth. I think you
- bruised yourself. Ah, her body is, as it were, a red lotus; and
- this one bruise has made the blood to come out with violence. Now,
- my daughter, I tell you, never move up and down the steps in the
- dark, in such a manner.
-
- _Enter_ SOIRINDRI.
-
- _Soirindri._ Now, our young Bou, let us go to the ghát.
-
- _Sabitri._ Now, my daughters, while the evening light continues,
- you two together go and wash yourselves.
-
- (_Exit all._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 8:
-
- This is a term which is applied to one’s son’s wife; but
- sometimes, though rarely, it means wife.
-
-Footnote 9:
-
- This is only a quotation, explaining, by an example, the
- eagerness of the mind when the desire in once excited.
-
-Footnote 10:
-
- This pronoun “his” refers to the husband of Saralota.
-
-Footnote 11:
-
- This is a Bengali term signifying sometimes _right_ and
- sometimes _a witch_.
-
-Footnote 12:
-
- The word Rajah is here pronounced in an odd form; and it has
- reference to those rajahs who were against widow marriage. As
- the word is pronounced by a woman of the lower class, it is
- spelt here incorrectly.
-
-Footnote 13:
-
- The iron circlet worn by a woman on her left hand, is the mark
- or sign of the husband being alive.
-
-Footnote 14:
-
- Referring to Khetromani.
-
-Footnote 15:
-
- Referring to Podi Moyrani (sweet-meat maker).
-
-Footnote 16:
-
- A dunda is equal to 24 English minutes.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- SECOND ACT—FIRST SCENE.
- THE GODOWN OF BEGUNBARI FACTORY.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Torapa and four other Ryots sitting._
-
- _Torapa._ Why do they not kill me at once? I can never show myself
- ungrateful. That eldest Babu, who has preserved my caste; he
- through whose influence I am living here; he, who by preserving my
- plough and the cows, is preserving my life,—shall I by giving
- false evidence throw the father of that Babu into prison? I can
- never do that; I would rather give my life.
-
- _First Ryot._ _Before sticks there can be no words_; the stroke of
- Shamchand is a very terrible thrust. Have we a film on our eyes;
- did we not serve our eldest Babu? But, then, what can we do? If we
- do not give evidence they will never keep us as we are. Wood Saheb
- stood upon my breast and blood began to fall drop by drop. _And
- the feet of the horse were, as it were, the hoofs of the ox._
-
- _Second Ryot._ Thrusting in the nails; don’t you know the nails
- which are stuck under the shoes worn by the Sahebs?
-
- _Torapa._ (_Grinding his teeth with anger._) Why do you speak of
- the nails? My heart is bursting with having seen this blood. What
- do I say? If I can once get him in the Vataramari field, with one
- slap I can raise him in the air; and at once put a stop to all his
- “gad dams” and other words of chastisement.
-
- _Third Ryot._ I am only a hireling, and keep men under me. When I
- heard about the plan which our master formed, I immediately
- refused to take any Indigo business on my hand, saying I shall
- never work for that. Why was I then confined in the godown? I
- thought that serving under him at this time, I shall be able to
- make a good collection and shall be able to attend to my friend;
- but I am rotting here in this place for five days, and again I am
- to go to that Andarabad.
-
- _Second Ryot._ I went to that Andarabad once or twice; as also to
- that Factory of Bhabnapore, every one speaks good of the Saheb of
- that place; that Saheb once sent me to the Court, then I saw many
- things pleasant in that place.
-
- _Torapa._ Did he find any fault with you? The Saheb of Bhabnapore
- never raises a false disturbance. “_By speaking the truth, we
- shall ride on horseback._” Had all Sahebs been of the same
- character with him, then none would have spoken ill of the Sahebs.
-
- _Second Ryot._ My heart over-flows with joy.
-
- Now his torturing is all put a stop to. In his godown there are
- now seven persons; one of them a child. The vile man has filled
- his house also with kine and calves. Oh, what robbery is he
- carrying on!
-
- _Torapa._ As soon as they get a Saheb who is a good man they want
- to destroy him. They are holding a meeting to drive off the
- Magistrate.
-
- _Second Ryot._ I cannot understand whether they have found fault
- with the Magistrate of this or the other Zillah?
-
- _Torapa._ He did not go to dine in the Factory. They prepared a
- dinner for the Magistrate, in order to get him within their power,
- but the Magistrate _concealed himself like a stolen cow_; he did
- not go to dinner. He is a person of a good family. Why should he
- go to the Indigo Planters? We have now understood, these Planters
- are the low people of Belata.[17]
-
- _First Ryot._ Then how did the late Governor Saheb go about all
- the Indigo Factories, being feasted like a bride-groom just before
- the celebration of the marriage.[18] Did you not see that the
- Planter Sahebs brought him to this Factory well-adorned like a
- bride-groom?
-
- _Second Ryot._ I think he has some share in this Indigo Company.
-
- _Torapa._ No! can the Governor take a share in Indigo affairs? He
- came to increase his fame. If God preserve our present Governor,
- then we shall be able to procure something for our sustenance; and
- the great burden of Indigo shall no more hang on our shoulders.
-
- _Third Ryot._ (_With fear._) I die. If the ghost of this burden
- once attack a person, is it true that it does not quit him soon?
- My wife said so.
-
- _Torapa._ Why have you brought this my brother here? For fear of
- the Sahebs, people are leaving the village; and my uncle
- Bochoroddi has formed the following sentence:
-
- “The man with eyes like those of the cat, is an ignorant fool;
- “So the Indigo of the Indigo Factory is an instrument of
- punishment.”
-
- Bochoroddi is very expert in forming such sentences.
-
- _Second Ryot._ Did not you hear another sentence which was
- composed by Nitá Atai?
-
- “The Missionaries have destroyed the caste;
- The Factory monkeys have destroyed the rice.”
-
- _Torapa._ Aola Nochen has composed “Destroyed the Caste,” what is
- it?
-
- _Second Ryot._
-
- “The Missionaries have destroyed the caste;
- The Factory monkeys have destroyed the rice.”
-
- _Fourth Ryot._ Ha! I do not know what is taking place in my house;
- I am become the inhabitant of three villages at once. I came away
- to Svaropur, and through the advice of Bose, I threw away the
- advance which was offered me. When my young child was sick I came
- to Bose to get from him a little sugar-candy. Ah! how very kind he
- was; how agreeable and good-looking in countenance I found him;
- and sitting as solemn as an elephant.
-
- _Torapa._ How many bigahs have they given this year?
-
- _Fourth Ryot._ Last year I prepared ten bigahs; but as to the
- price of that, they raised great confusion. This year again, they
- have given advances for fifteen bigahs; and I am doing exactly as
- they are ordering me; still, they leave not off insulting me.
-
- _First Ryot._ I am laboring with my plough for these two years,
- and I have cultivated a little piece of ground. That piece of
- ground which I prepared this year, I kept for sesamum; but one
- day, our young Saheb, riding on his horse, came to the place, and
- waiting there himself, took possession of the whole piece. How can
- the ryots live if this is to continue?
-
- _Torapa._ This is only the intrigue of the wicked Amin. Does the
- Saheb know every thing about land? This fool goes about like a
- revengeful dog: when he sees any good piece of land, he
- immediately gives notice of it to the Saheb. The Saheb has no want
- of money, and he has no need for borrowing money on credit. Then,
- why is it that the fool does so; if he have to cultivate Indigo,
- let him do so; let him buy oxen; let him prepare ploughs; if he
- cannot guide the plough himself, let him keep men under him. What
- want have you of lands? If you can cultivate the whole village;
- and we do not refuse to give the village. In that case the land
- can overflow with Indigo in two years. But he will not do it.
-
- —(_Aside, ho! ho! ho! má! má!_) Gazi-Saheb! Gazi-Saheb! Durga!
- Durga![19] call your Rama. Within this there are ghosts. Be
- silent, be silent.
-
- (_Aside_, Oh Indigo! You came to this land for our utter ruin. Ah!
- I cannot any more suffer this torture. I cannot say how many other
- Factories there are of this Concern. Within this one
- month-and-a-half, I have already drunk the water of fourteen
- Factories; and I do not know in what Factory I am now; and how can
- I know that, while I am taken in the night from one Factory to
- another, with my eyes entirely shut. Oh! my mother where art thou
- now?)
-
- _Third Ryot._ Rama! Rama! Rama! Kali! Kali! Durga! Ganesha! Ashra!
-
- _Torapa._ Silence, silence.
-
- (_Aside_, Ah! I can make myself free from this hell, if I take the
- advance for five bigahs of land. Oh! my uncle, it is now proper to
- take the advance. Now, I see no means of giving the notice; my
- life is on the point of leaving the body. I have no more any power
- to speak. Oh my Mother, where art thou now? I have not seen thy
- holy feet for a month-and-a-half.)
-
- _Third Ryot._ I shall speak of this to my wife; did you hear now?
- Although these are become ghosts after death, still have they not
- been able to extricate themselves from the Indigo advances.
-
- _First Ryot._ Art thou so very ignorant?
-
- _Torapa._ A person of a good family; I have understood that by the
- words. My uncle Prana, can you once take me up on your shoulders,
- then I can ask him where his residence is?
-
- _First Ryot._ Thou art a Musulman.
-
- _Torapa._ Then, you had better rise on my shoulders and see—(_sits
- down_) rise up—(_sits on the shoulders_) take hold of the wall;
- bring your face before the window—(_seeing Gopi Churn at a
- distance_) come down, come down, my uncle, Gopi is coming (_first
- Ryot falls down_).
-
- _Enter_ GOPI CHURN _and_ MR. ROSE _with his Ramkanta[20] in his
- hand_.
-
- _Third Ryot._ Dewan, there is a ghost in this room. Now, it was
- crying aloud.
-
- _Gopi._ If you don’t say as I teach you, you must become a ghost
- of the very same kind. (_Aside, to Mr. Rose_) These persons have
- known about Mojumdar’s confinement, we must no more keep him in
- this Factory. It was not proper to keep him in that room.
-
- _Rose._ I shall hear of that afterwards. What ryot has refused;
- what rascal is so very wicked? (_Stamps his feet_).
-
- _Gopi._ These are all well-prepared. This Musulman is very wicked;
- he says, I can never show myself ungrateful, (_nimak harámi_).
-
- _Torapa._ (_Aside._) O my father! How very terrible the stick is!
- Now I must agree with them; as to future considerations I shall
- see what I can do afterwards. (_Openly_) Pardon me, Saheb! I,
- also, am become the same with you.
-
- _Planter._ Be silent, thou child of the sow! This Ramkant is very
- sweet. (_Strikes with Ramkant and also kicks him_).
-
- _Torapa._ Oh! oh! my mother, I am now dead! My uncle Prana, give
- me a little water; I die for water. My father, father!
-
- _Rose._ Shall not filth be discharged into your mouth? (_Strikes
- with his shoes_).
-
- _Torapa._ Whatever thou shalt say, I shall do. Before God, I ask
- pardon of thee, my Lord.
-
- _Rose._ Now the villain has left his wickedness. To-night all must
- be sent. Just write to the Attorney, that as long as the evidence
- is not given, not one of these shall be let out. The Agent shall
- go with them. (_To the Third Ryot_). Why art thou crying? (_Gives
- a kick_).
-
- _Third Ryot._ Bou, where art thou? These are murdering me. O my
- mother! Bou! my mother! I am killed, I am killed. (_Falls upside
- down on the ground_).
-
- _Rose._ Thou, stupid, art become (_bonra_) mad.
-
- (_Exit Mr. Rose_).
-
- _Gopi._ Now, Torapa, have you got your full of the onion and the
- shoe?
-
- _Torapa._ Oh Dewanji, preserve me by giving a little water. I am
- on the point of death.
-
- _Gopi._ The Indigo ware-house and the steam-engine room—these are
- places where the sweat shoots forth and water is drunk. Now, all
- of you, come with me, that you may at once drink water.
-
- (_Exit all._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 17:
-
- Belata means England.
-
-Footnote 18:
-
- This refers to a certain practice in India of the Bride-groom
- going to the houses of relatives amid great feasting, before the
- celebration of the marriage.
-
-Footnote 19:
-
- These are all words used by Mahomedans in times of great alarm;
- and here it is used to express the fear of ghosts.
-
-Footnote 20:
-
- It is very like Shamchand.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- SECOND ACT—SECOND SCENE.
- THE BED-ROOM OF BINDU MADHAR.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Saralota sitting with a letter in her hand._
-
- _Saralota._ Now, my dear love with an honest tongue is not come,
- and an elephant, as it were, is treading on the lotus-like heart.
- I have become hopeless amid very great hope. In expectation of the
- coming of the Lord of my life, I was waiting with greater
- disquietude of mind than the swallow (_chátak_) does when waiting
- for the drops of rain at the approaching rainy season. The way in
- which I was counting the days exactly corresponded with what my
- sister said, that each day appeared, as it were, a year, (_deep
- sigh_). The expectation as to the coming of my husband is now of
- no effect. The course of his life itself will prove successful, if
- the great action in which he is now engaged, can prove so. Oh,
- Lord of my life! We are born women, and cannot even go out to walk
- in the garden; we are unable to walk out in the city; can by no
- means form clubs for general good; we have no Colleges nor Courts,
- nor Brahma Samajs of our own; we have nothing of our own, to
- compose the mind, when it is once disturbed; and, moreover, we can
- never blame a woman when she feels any disquietude. O my Lord, we
- have only one to depend upon,—the husband is the object of the
- wife’s thought, of her understanding, her study, her acquisition,
- her meeting, her society; in short, this jewel—the husband—is all
- to a virtuous woman. O thou letter! thou art come from the hand of
- the dear object of my heart, I shall kiss thee, (_kisses it_); in
- thee is the name of my Lord; I shall hold thee on my burnt heart,
- (_keeps it on her breast_). Ah! how sweet are the words of my
- Lord; as often as I read it, my mind is more and more charmed
- (_reads_).
-
- MY DEAR SARALA,—_In my letter I cannot express what anxiety my
- mind feels, to see your sweet face. O what inexpressible pleasure
- do I feel when I place your beautiful (moonlike) face on my
- breast! I thought that that moment of happiness is come; but pain
- immediately overtook pleasure. The College is closed, but a great
- misfortune has come upon me; through the grace of God, if I be not
- able to extricate myself from it, I shall never be able any more
- to show my face to thee. The Indigo Planters have secretly brought
- an accusation against my father in the Court; their main design
- being, in some way or other, to throw him into Jail. I have sent
- letters, one after another, to my brother, giving him this
- information; and I myself am remaining here with the greatest care
- possible. Never disturb yourself with vain thoughts? The merciful
- Father must certainly make us successful. My dear, I have not
- forgotten the Bengali translation of “Shakespeare;” it cannot be
- got now in the shops; but one of my friends, Bonkima by name, has
- given me one copy. When I come home, I shall bring it with me. My
- dear, what a great source of pleasure is the acquisition of
- learning! I am conversing with you, although at such a great
- distance, Ah! what great happiness would my mind have enjoyed if
- my mother did not forbid you to send letters to me._
-
- “_I am, yours_,
-
- “BINDU MADHAR.”
-
- As to myself—I have a full confidence as to that. If there be any
- fault in your character, then who should be an example of good
- conduct? Because I am fickle; cannot sit, for some time quietly in
- one place, my mother-in-law calls me the daughter of a mad woman.
- But, where is my fickleness now. In the place, where I have opened
- the letter of my dear Lord, I have spent nearly a fourth part of
- the day. The fickleness of the exterior part has now gone into the
- heart. As, on the boiling of the rice, the froth rising up makes
- the surface quiet, but the rice within is agitated; so am I now. I
- have not that smiling face now. A sweet smile is the wife of
- happiness; and so soon as happiness dies, the sweet smile goes
- along with it. My Lord, when thou shalt prove successful, every
- thing shall be preserved; if I am to see your face disquieted, all
- sides will be dark unto me. O my restless mind, wilt thou be not
- quieted? If you remain unquiet, that can be suffered. As to your
- weeping, none can see it, nor can hear it; but my eyes! you shall
- throw me into shame, (_rubbing her eyes_); if ye are not pacified,
- I shall not be able to go out of doors.
-
- _Enter_ ADURI
-
- _Aduri._ What are you doing here? The elder Haldarni[21] is not
- able to go to the tank-side. All whom I see are of a disturbed
- countenance.
-
- _Saralota._ (_A deep sigh._) Let us then go.
-
- _Aduri._ I see you have not yet touched the oil. Your hairs are
- yet dusty, and you have not yet left the letter. Does our young
- Haldar write my name in the letter?
-
- _Saralota._ Has the Bara Takur (the eldest brother of the husband)
- finished his bathing?
-
- _Aduri._ The eldest Haldar is gone to the village. A law-suit is
- being carried on. Was that not written in your letter? Our master
- was weeping.
-
- _Saralota._ (_Aside_) Truly, my Lord! Thou shalt not be able to
- show thy face, if thou can’st not prove successful. (_Openly_) Let
- us now rub ourselves with oil in the cook-room.
-
- (_Exit both._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 21:
-
- Referring to Soirindri, the wife of Nobin Madhab.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- SECOND ACT—THIRD SCENE.
- A ROAD POINTING THREE WAYS.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Enter_ PODI MOYRANI.
-
- _Podi._ It is the degenerate Amin who is ruining the country. Is
- it through my own choice that I am levelling the axe at my
- feet,[22] by giving the young woman to the Saheb? As to that
- preparation which Ray made, had it not been caught[23] by Sadhu,
- she would have been provided with food and clothing for life. Ah,
- it bursts my heart when I see the face of Khetromani. Have I no
- feelings of compassion, because I have made a paramour my
- companion? Whenever she sees me still, she comes to me, calling me
- Aunt! Aunt! Can the mother, with a firm heart, give such _a golden
- deer into the grasp of the tiger_? How detestable is this, that
- for the sake of money, I have given up my caste and my life; and
- also am obliged to touch the bed of a Buno (rude tribe). That
- libertine, the elder Saheb, has made it a practice to beat me
- whenever he finds me, and has also said, he will cut off my nose
- and ears;—that vile man is come to an old age, can keep women in
- confinement, and can kick them; such a vile man, I have not seen
- in the present day. Let me go to the black-mouthed Amin and tell
- him that shall not be effected by me. Have I any power to go out
- in the town? Whenever the nasty fellows of the neighbourhood see
- me, they follow me as the Phinga (a kind of bird) does the crow.
-
- (_Aside, a song._) Whenever I sit down to reap the rice in the
- field, his eyes immediately come before my sight.
-
- _Enter a Cow-herd._
-
- _Cow-herd._ _Saheb_, have not insects attacked thine Indigo-twigs?
-
- _Podi._ Let them attack thy mother and sister, thou degenerate
- fool. Leave off thy mother’s breast, go to the house of Death; go
- to Colmighata, to the grave.[24]
-
- _Cow-herd._ I have also sent orders to prepare a pair of weeding
- knives.
-
- _Enter a Latyal or Club-man._
-
- Oh! the Latyal of the Indigo Factory.
-
- _The Cow-herd flies off swiftly._
-
- _Latyal._ Thou, Oh lotus-faced, hast made the tooth-powder very
- dear.
-
- _Podi._ (_Seeing the silver chain round the waist of the Latyal._)
- Your chain is very grand.
-
- _Club-man._ Don’t you know, my dear, the clothing of the bailiff
- and the dress of the dancer?
-
- _Podi._ I wanted a black calf from you a long while ago, but yet
- you did not give it me. My brother, I shall not ask from thee any
- more.
-
- _Club-man._ Dear lotus-faced, don’t be angry with me. To-morrow,
- we shall go to plunder the place called Shamanagara; and if I can
- get a black calf, I shall immediately keep that in your cow-house.
- When I shall return with my fish, I shall pass by your house.
-
- (_Exit the Club-man._)
-
- _Podi._ The Planter Sahebs do nothing but rob. If the ryots be
- loaded in a less degree with exactions they can preserve their
- lives; and you[25] can get your Indigo. The Munshies of
- Shamanagara entreated most earnestly to get ten portions of land
- free. “_The Thief never hears the instructions of Religion._” The
- wretched elder Saheb remained quiet, having burnt his wretched
- tongue.
-
- _Enter four Boys of a Native Patshala._
-
- _Four Boys._ (_Keeping down their mats, and expressing great mirth
- with the clapping of their hands._)
-
- My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?
- My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?
- My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?
-
- _Podi._ My child Kesoba, I am your aunt. Never use such words to
- me.
-
- _Four Boys._ (_Dance together._) My dear Moyrani; where is your
- Indigo?
-
- _Podi._ My dear Ambika, I am your sister; don’t use me in this
- manner,
-
- _Four Boys._ (_Dance round Podi._)
-
- My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?
- My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?
- My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?
-
- _Enter_ NOBIN MADHAB.
-
- _Podi._ What a shame is this, that I exposed my face to the elder
- Babu.
-
- (_Exit Podi, covering herself with a veil._)
-
- _Nobin._ Wicked and profligate woman. (_To the children_) You are
- playing on the road still; it is now too late, go home now.
-
- (_Exit four boys._)
-
- Ah! I can within five days establish a school for these boys, if
- only the tyranny of the Indigo be once stopped. The Inspector of
- this part of the country is a very good man. How very good a man
- becomes, if only learning be acquired. He is young; but in his
- conversation he has the experience of years. He has a great desire
- that a school be established in this country. I am also not
- unwilling to give money for this purpose; the large Bungalow which
- I have, can be a good place for a school; moreover, what is more
- happy than to have the boys of one’s own country to read and
- write, and study in his own house, this is the true success of
- wealth and of labour. Bindu Madhab brought the Inspector with him,
- and it is his desire, that all with one mind try to establish the
- school. But observing the unfortunate state of the country, he was
- obliged to keep his design to himself; how very mild, quiet,
- good-natured, and wise is he become now! Wisdom in younger years
- is as beautiful as the fruits in a small plant. In reading of the
- sorrow which my brother has expressed in his letter even the hard
- stone is melted and the heart of the Indigo Planter would become
- soft. I cannot now rise up to go home, I do not see any means; I
- was not able to bring one of the five to my side, and I cannot
- find where they are taken away.[26] I think Torapa will never
- speak a lie. It shall be a great loss to us, if the other four
- give evidence; especially as I was not able to make the least
- preparation; and again the Magistrate is a great friend of Mr.
- Wood.
-
- _Enter a Ryot, two Peadas or Bailiffs of the Police, and a Taidgir
- of the Indigo Factory._
-
- _Ryot._ My elder Babu, preserve my two children; there is no one
- else to feed them. Last year, I gave eight carts’ load of Indigo,
- and I did not get a single pice for that, and also I am bound, as
- with cords, for the remainder. Again, they will take me to
- Andarabad.
-
- _Guard._ The advance-money of the Indigo and the marking nut of
- the washer-man, as soon as they come in contact, become mostly
- joined. You villain come; you must first go to the Dewanji; your
- elder Babu also shall come to this.
-
- _Ryot._ Come, I don’t fear this. I would rather have my body rot
- in the Jail than any more prepare the Indigo of that white man. My
- God! my God! none looks on the poor (_weeps_). My elder Babu, give
- my children food; they brought me to the field; and I was not able
- to see them once.
-
- (_Exit all, except Nobin Madhab._)
-
- _Nobin._ What injustice! These two children will die without food
- in the same way as the new-born young of the hare suffer when the
- hare is in the hand of the savage hunters.
-
- _Enter_ RAY CHURN.
-
- _Ray._ Had not my brother caught hold of us, I would have put a
- stop to her breathing. I would have killed her; then, at the
- utmost, I had been hanged within six months.[27] That villain!
-
- _Nobin._ Ray Churn, where art thou going?
-
- _Ray._ Our mistress ordered me to call Putakur. The stupid Podi
- told me that the bailiff will bring the summons to-morrow.
-
- (_Exit Ray Churn._)
-
- _Nobin._ Oh! oh! oh! That which never took place in this family,
- has now come to pass. My father is very peaceful, honest, and of a
- sincere mind; knows not what disputes and enmities are; never goes
- out of the village; trembles with fear at the name of Court
- affairs, and even shed tears when he read the letter. If he is to
- go to Indrabad, he will turn mad; and if, to the jail, he will
- throw himself into the stream. Ah, such are the misfortunes that
- are to fall on him, while I, his son, am living! My mother is not
- so much afraid as my father is; she does not lose hope at once;
- with a firm mind, she is now invoking God. My deer-eyed is become,
- as it were, the deer in my volcano[28]; she is become mad with
- fear and anxiety. Her father died in an Indigo Factory; and her
- fear, now, is lest the same happens to her husband. How many sides
- am I to keep quiet? Is it proper to fly off with the whole family;
- or, is it not right that to do good unto others is the highest
- virtue? I shall not turn aside hastily. I see, I am not able to do
- any good to Shamanagara; still, what work is there which is beyond
- the power of exertion? Let me see what I can do.
-
- _Enter two Pundits._
-
- _First P._ My child, is the house of Goluk Chunder Bose in this
- quarter? I heard from my uncle, that person is very honest—the
- grandeur of the Bose family.
-
- _Nobin._ (_Bowing before him._) Sir, I am his eldest son.
-
- _First P._ Yes! yes! very honest! To have such a son is not the
- result of a little virtue.
-
- _Second P._ We had been invited by Babu Arabindu, of Sougandha.
- To-day, we remain in the house of Goluk Chunder; and shall do good
- unto you.
-
- _Nobin._ This is my great fortune. Sirs, come by this way.
-
- (_Exit all._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 22:
-
- This expression “striking the axe on my feet” signifies ruining
- myself.
-
-Footnote 23:
-
- That is, had the intrigue used by Ray not been detected, it
- would have proved very advantageous.
-
-Footnote 24:
-
- All these signify that let Death come upon thee.
-
-Footnote 25:
-
- The word “you” refers to the Indigo Planters.
-
-Footnote 26:
-
- This number, five, here referred to, are the persons whom he was
- trying to bring on his side for the law-suit.
-
-Footnote 27:
-
- This expression “had been hanged for six months,” is only used
- sarcastically.
-
-Footnote 28:
-
- That is, as the deer feels disquieted when exposed in a volcano,
- so is my mate troubled by the many anxieties in my mind.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- THIRD ACT—FIRST SCENE.
- BEFORE THE FACTORY IN BEGUNBARI.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Enter_ GOPI CHURN _and a Native Jailor_.
-
- _Gopi._ As long as your share is not less, don’t bring anything to
- my notice.
-
- _Jailor._ Can that filth be digested by one person eating the
- whole? I told him, if you eat, give a part to the Dewanji; but he
- says what power has your Dewan? He is not so much the son of a
- Keát, (_shoemaker caste_) that he shall direct the Saheb like unto
- one leading a monkey.
-
- _Gopi._ Very well, now go; I shall show that Kaot (what a club)
- how strong he is.
-
- (_Exit Khálási._)
-
- The fellow has got so much power through the authority of the
- younger Saheb. I shall also say it is a very easy thing for one to
- carry on his work, if his master be the husband of his sister; the
- elder Saheb becomes very angry at this word. But the fellow is
- very angry with me; at every word, he shows me the Shamchand. That
- day he kicked me with his stockings on. These few days, I see that
- his temper is become somewhat mild towards me; since Goluk Bose is
- summoned, he has expressed a little kindness. A person is
- considered very expert by the Saheb, if he can bring about the
- ruin of many. “_One becomes a good Physician by the death of one
- hundred patients._”
-
- (_Seeing Mr. Wood._)
-
- Here he is coming; let me first soften his mind by giving him some
- information about the Boses.
-
- _Enter_ MR. WOOD.
-
- Saheb, tears have now come out of the eyes of Nobin Bose. Never
- was he punished more severely. His garden is taken away from him;
- the small pieces of land he had are all included among the lands
- which are given to Gada, Poda (_low castes_); his cultivation is
- nearly put a stop to; his magazines are all become empty, and he
- was sent into Court twice; in the midst of so many troubles, he
- still stood firm; but now he has fallen down.
-
- _Planter._ That rascal was not able to do any thing in
- Shamanagara.
-
- _Gopi._ Saheb, the Munshis came to him; but he told them, my mind
- is not at rest now, “my limbs are become powerless through weeping
- for my father, and I am, as it were, become mad.” On observing the
- wretched condition of Nobin, about seven or eight ryots of
- Shamanagara have all given up, and all are doing exactly as your
- Honour is ordering them.
-
- _Planter._ You are a very good Dewan, and you have formed a very
- good plan.
-
- _Gopi._ I knew Goluk Bose to be a coward, and that if he were
- obliged to go to Court, he would turn mad. As Nobin has a great
- affection for his father, he will of course be punished; and it
- was for this reason that I gave the advice to make the old man the
- defendant. Also, the plan which your Honour formed was not the
- less good. Our Indigo cultivation has been newly made on the sides
- of his tank; thus laying the snake’s eggs in his heart.
-
- _Planter._ _With one stone two birds have been killed_; ten bigahs
- of land are cultivated with Indigo, and also that fool is
- punished. He shed much tears, saying that if Indigo be planted
- near the tank we shall be obliged to leave our habitation; but I
- said, to cultivate Indigo in one’s habitation is to the best
- advantage.
-
- _Gopi._ And the fool brought an action in the Court, on hearing
- that reply.
-
- _Planter._ That will be of no effect; that Magistrate is a very
- good man. If the case turn into a civil one it will never be
- concluded in less than five years. That Magistrate is a great
- friend of mine. Just see, by the new Act, the four rascals were
- thrown into prison only by making your evidence strong. _This Act
- is become the brother of the sword._
-
- _Gopi._ Saheb, in order that those four ryots might not suffer
- loss in their cultivation, Nobin Bose has given his own plough,
- kine, and harrow for the ploughing of their lands; and he is
- trying his utmost that their families might not suffer great
- trouble.
-
- _Planter._ When he is required to plough this land, for which
- advances are allowed, he says, my ploughs and kine are less in
- number. He is very wicked; and now he is very well punished.
- Dewan, now you have done very well, and now I see work may be
- carried on by you, without loss.
-
- _Gopi._ Saheb, it is your own favour. My desire is, that advances
- should be increased every year. But that cannot be done by me
- alone; some confident Amin and Khalasis are necessary. Can the
- Indigo cultivation be improved by those who, for the sake of two
- rupees, occasioned the loss of the produce of three bigahs of
- land?
-
- _Planter._ I have understood it, the rascally Amin occasioned this
- confusion.
-
- _Gopi._ Saheb, the new habitation, and the taking of advances of
- Chunder Goladar are not allowed here. The Amin once, according to
- regular custom, threw one rupee on his ground as an advance. That
- person, in order to be allowed to return that rupee even shed
- tears and came along with the Amin as far as Ruthtollah, begging
- him earnestly to take it back. There he met with Nilkanta Babu,
- who has chosen the profession of an Attorney immediately after
- leaving the College.
-
- _Planter._ I know that rascal; he, it is, who writes every thing
- concerning me in the newspapers.
-
- _Gopi._ Their papers can never stand before yours, can by no means
- bear a comparison; and, moreover, they are as _the earthen bottles
- for cooling water compared to the jars of Dacca_. But, to bring
- the newspapers within your influence, great expense has been
- incurred. That takes place according to time; as is said,
-
- “According to circumstances, the friend becomes an enemy:
- The lame ass is sold at the price of the horse.”
-
- _Planter._ What did Nilkanta do?
-
- _Gopi._ He sharply rebuked the Amin; and the Amin with no little
- shame brought back that one rupee, with two rupees more, from
- Goladar’s house. Chunder Goladar would have been able very easily
- to supply the Indigo for three or four bigahs. Is this the work of
- a servant? If I can conduct the Dewanny and the business of the
- Amin, then this kind of ingratitude can be stopped.
-
- _Planter._ Great wickedness this is; evident ingratitude.
-
- _Gopi._ Saheb, grant pardon for this bad conduct; the Amin brought
- his own sister to our younger Saheb’s room.
-
- _Planter._ Yes! Yes! I know; that rascal and Podi corrupted our
- young Saheb. I must give that wicked fool some instruction very
- soon. Send him to my sitting room.
-
- (_Exit Mr. Wood._)
-
- _Gopi._ Just see, _in whose hand the monkey plays best. The Khait
- is one rogue, and the Crow another._
-
- “_Now have you fallen under the stroke of the Khait; where even
- the grand-father of the sister’s husband loses the game._”
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- THIRD ACT—SECOND SCENE.
- THE BED-ROOM OF NOBIN MADHAB.
-
- -------
-
-
- NOBIN MADHAB _and_ SOIRINDRI _sitting_.
-
- _Soirindri._ Lord of my soul, what is preferable, whether the
- ornament or my father-in-law? That, for which thou art wandering
- about day and night; that, for which thou hast left thy food and
- sleep; that, for which thou art shedding tears incessantly; that,
- for which thy pleasant face has been depressed; and that which has
- occasioned thy head-ache; my dear Lord, can I not for that give
- away this my trifling ornament.
-
- _Nobin._ My dear, you can, with ease, give; but with what face
- shall I take it? What great troubles the husband is to undergo in
- order to dress his wife: he has to swim in the rapid stream, to
- throw himself into the deep ocean, engage in battles, to climb
- mountains, to live in the wilderness, and to go before the mouth
- of the tiger. The husband adorns his wife with so much trouble; am
- I so very foolish as to take away the ornament from the very same
- wife. O my lotus-eyed, wait a little. Let me see this day, and if,
- finally I cannot procure it, then I shall take your ornaments
- afterwards.
-
- _Soirindri._ O my heart’s love! We are very unfortunate now; and
- who is there that shall give you on loan the sum of Co.’s Rs. 500
- at such a time. I am entreating you again, take my ornaments and
- those of our youngest Bou, and try to procure money from a banker.
- Observing your troubles the lotus-like young Bou is become sad.
-
- _Nobin._ Ah! my sweet-faced, the cruel words which you used struck
- on my heart like arrows of fire. Our youngest Bou, she is a girl;
- good clothes and beautiful ornaments are objects of pleasure to
- her. What understanding has she now? What does she know of family
- business. As our young Bipin cries when his neck-lace is taken
- from him in play, so our youngest Bou weeps when her ornaments are
- taken away. Oh, oh! am I formed so mean-spirited a man? Am I to be
- so cruel a robber? Shall I deceive a young girl? This can never
- be, as long as life exists. The worthless Indigo Planters even
- cannot commit such a crime. My dear, never use such a word before
- me.
-
- _Soirindri._ Beloved of my soul, that pain with which I told these
- words, is only known to me and the omniscient God. What doubt is
- there, that they are fiery arrows? They have burst my heart and
- burnt my tongue, and then having divided the lips, have entered
- your heart. It is with great pain that I told you to take the
- ornaments of the youngest Bou. Can there be any pleasure in the
- mind, after having observed this your insane wandering, this
- weeping of my father-in-law, the deep sighs of my mother-in-law,
- the sad face of the youngest Bou, the dejected countenance of
- relatives and friends, and the sorrowful mournings of the ryots?
- If by any means we can restore safety, then all shall be safe. My
- Lord, I do feel the same pain in giving the ornaments of our
- youngest Bou, as if I had to give those of Bipin; but if I give
- away the ornaments of Bipin, before giving those of the youngest
- Bou, that would prove an act of cruelty to her; since, she might
- think that my sister looks on me as a stranger. Can I give pain to
- her honest heart by doing this? Is this the work of the elder
- sister who is like a mother?
-
- _Nobin._ My dear love! Your heart is very sincere. There is not a
- second to you in sincerity in the female race. Is this my family
- reduced to this state! What was I, and what am I now become! The
- sum of my profits was seven hundred Rupees. I had fifteen
- warehouses for corn, sixteen bigahs of garden land, twenty ploughs
- and fifty harrows. What great feasts had I at the time of the
- Puja; the house filled with men, feasting the Brahmins, gifts to
- the poor, the feasting of friends and relations, the musical
- entertainments of the Voishnabas, and also pleasant theatrical
- representations. I have expended such large sums, and even given
- as donations one hundred Rupees. Being so rich, now I am obliged
- to take away the ornaments of my wife, and the wife of my young
- brother. What affliction? God, thou didst give these, and thou
- hast taken them again. Then, what sorrow?
-
- _Soirindri._ My dear, when I see you weep, my life itself weeps
- (_tears in her eyes_). Was there so much pain in my fate; am I
- thus destined to see such distress in my Lord? Do not prevent me
- any more. (_Takes out the amulet._)
-
- _Nobin._ My heart bursts when I see your tears (_rubbing the
- tears_). Stop my dear, of the moon-like face, stop (_taking hold
- of her hands_). Keep these; one day more, let me see.
-
- _Soirindri._ My dear, what further resource is left? Do, as I tell
- you now. If it be so destined, there shall be many ornaments
- afterwards (_aside, sneezing_); true, true. Aduri is coming.
-
- _Enter_ ADURI _with two letters_.
-
- _Aduri._ I can’t say whence the letters came; but my mistress told
- me to give them to you.
-
- (_Exit Aduri, after giving the letters._)
-
- _Nobin._ It shall be known by these letters whether your ornaments
- are to be taken or not. (_Opens the first letter._)
-
- _Soirindri._ Read it aloud.
-
- _Nobin._ (_Reads the letter._)
-
- “DEAR FRIEND,—_This is to make it known to you, that to give a sum
- of money to you at present is only to make a return of favours. My
- mother has taken leave of this world yesterday; and the day of her
- first funeral obsequies is very near. This have I written
- yesterday. The tobacco is not yet sold._
-
- “_I am, yours_,
-
- “GHONOSYAM MUKERJI.”
-
- What misfortune is this! Is this my assistance on the funeral
- obsequies of the mother of the honorable Mukerji? Let me see what
- deadly weapon hast thou brought. (_Opens the letter._)
-
- _Soirindri._ My dear, it is very miserable to fall into despair
- after entertaining high hopes. Let the letter remain as it is.
-
- _Nobin._ (_Reads the letter._)
-
- “HONORED SIR,—_I received your last letter, and was much pleased
- with reading of your good fortune. I have already collected the
- sum of three hundred Rupis, and shall take that along with me to
- you to-morrow. As to the remaining one hundred, I shall clear that
- on the coming month. The great benefit which you have bestowed on
- me, excites me to give some interest._
-
- “_I am, your most obdt. Servt._,
-
- “GOKUL KRISHNA PALITA.”
-
- _Soirindri._ I think God has turned his face towards us; now, let
- me go, and give this information to our youngest Bou.
-
- (_Exit Soirindri._)
-
- _Nobin._ (_Aside._) My life is, as it were, the idol of sincerity;
- it is a piece of a straw in a rapid stream. Let me take my father
- now to Indrabad, depending on this; as to the future it shall be
- according to Fate. With me I have one hundred and fifty Rupis. As
- to the tobacco, if I had kept it for a month more, I would have
- sold that for the sum of five hundred Rupis; but what can I do? I
- am obliged to give it for three hundred and fifty Rupis, since I
- have to pay much for the Officers of the Court; and also heavy
- expenses for going to and returning from the place. If on account
- of this false case, there be a delay, then am I certain that the
- destruction of this land is very near. What a brutal Act is
- passed? But, what is the fault of the Act; or of those who passed
- the Act? What misery can the country suffer if those who are to
- carry out the Act, do it with impartiality? Ah, by this Act how
- many persons are suffering in prison-houses without a fault! It
- bursts the heart to see the miseries of their wives and children;
- the pots for boiling rice on the hearths are remaining as they
- are; the several kinds of grain in their yards are being dried up;
- their kine in the rooms are all remaining bound in their places;
- the cultivation of the fields is not fully carried out, the seeds
- are not sown, and the wild grass in the rice fields is not cut
- off. What further prospects are there in the present year? All are
- crying aloud, with the exclamation, Where is my lord? Where is my
- father? Some Magistrates are dispensing justice with proper
- consideration; in their hands this Act is not become the rod of
- death. Ah! Had all Magistrates been as just as the Magistrate of
- Amaranagara is, then could the harrow fall on the ripe grain and
- the locusts destroy the fields? Had that been the case, would I
- ever have been thrown into so many dangers? O, thou
- Lieutenant-Governor! had’st thou engaged men of the same good
- character as thou had’st enacted laws, then the country would
- never have been miserable. O, thou Governor of the land! had’st
- thou made such a regulation, that every plaintiff, when his case
- is proved false, shall be put in prison, then the jail of
- Amaranagara would have been crowded with Indigo Planters; and they
- would never have been so very powerful. Our Magistrate is
- transferred, but our case is to continue here to the end; and that
- will occasion our ruin.
-
- (_Enter Sabitri._)
-
- _Sabitri._ If you are to give up all the ploughs, is it that even
- then you are to take the advance-money? Sell all your ploughs and
- kine, and engage in trade; we shall enjoy ourselves with the
- profits that shall accrue from that. We can no longer endure this.
-
- _Nobin._ Mother, I, also, have the same desire. Only, I wait till
- Bindu is engaged in some service. If we leave off ploughing the
- land, it will be impossible for us to maintain the family; and it
- is for this reason, that we have still, with so much trouble, kept
- these ploughs.
-
- _Sabitri._ How shalt thou go with this headache? Oh oh! was such
- Indigo produced in this land! (_Places her hand on Nobin’s head_).
-
- (_Enter Reboti._)
-
- _Reboti._ My mother! Where shall I go? What shall I do? They have
- done what! Why is it that through ill-fortune I brought her?
- Having brought one of a strange caste, I am become unable to
- preserve propriety. My eldest Babu! preserve me; my life is on the
- point of bursting out. Bring me Khetromani; bring me my _puppet of
- gold_.
-
- _Sabitri._ These destroyers can do all things. Ye are taking by
- force the pieces of ground of men, their grain, their kine and
- calves. By the force of clubs, ye are cultivating Indigo, and the
- people are doing your work with cries and sobbings.
-
- _Reboti._ My mother! I am preparing the Indigo, taking only half
- the food. Those bigahs which they had marked, on them I worked.
- When Ray works, he weeps with deep sighs; if he hear of this my
- work, he would become, as it were, insane.
-
- _Nobin._ Where is Sadhu now?
-
- _Reboti._ He is sitting outside, and is weeping.
-
- _Nobin._ To a woman of good family, _constancy in faithfulness to
- her husband is, as it were, the loadstone_; and how very beautiful
- does she appear (_ramaniki ramaniyá_) when she is decorated with
- that ornament. Is a woman of a good family carried off, when the
- Bhima-like Svaropur of my father is still in existence? At this
- very moment shall I go. I shall see what manner of injustice this
- is. _The Indigo frog can never sit on the white waterlily-like
- constancy of a woman._
-
- (_Exit Nobin Madhab._)
-
- _Sabitri._ _Chastity is the store of gold which is given by
- Providence; it is so valuable that it makes the beggar woman, a
- queen._ If you can rescue this jewel before it is soiled, from the
- hands of the Indigo monkey, then shall I say that you have
- actually answered the purpose of my being your mother. Such
- injustice I never heard of. Now, Ghose Bou, let us go out-side.
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- THIRD ACT—THIRD SCENE.
- MR. ROSE’S CHAMBER.
-
- -------
-
-
- MR. ROSE _sitting. Enter_ PODI MOYRANI & KHETROMANI.
-
- _Khetra._ My aunt, don’t speak of such things to me; I can give up
- my life, but my chastity never; cut me in pieces, burn me in the
- fire, throw me into the water, and bury me under ground; but as to
- touching another man that can I never do. What will my husband
- think?
-
- _Podi._ Where is your husband now, and where are you? This shall
- no one know. Within this night, I shall bring you back with me to
- your mother.
-
- _Khetra._ Very well, the husband may not know it—but God above
- will know it, and I shall never be able to throw dust in his eyes.
- Like the fire of the brick-kiln it will still burn within my
- breast, and the more my husband shall love me for my constancy,
- the more my soul shall be tortured. Openly or secretly, I never
- can take a paramour.
-
- _Podi._ My child, come, come to the Saheb. Whatever you have to
- say, say to him. To speak to me is like _crying in the
- wilderness_.
-
- _Planter Rose._ To speak to me is _throwing pearls at the hog’s
- feet_. Ha, ha, ha, we Indigo Planters, are become the companions
- of Death; can our Factories remain, if we have pity? By nature, we
- are not bad; our evil disposition has increased by Indigo
- cultivation. Before, we felt sorrow in beating one man; now, we
- can beat ten persons with the Ramkant (leather strap), making them
- senseless; and immediately after, we can, with great laughter,
- take our dinner or supper.
-
- _Torap._ I will swim over the stream to my house, this night. What
- more shalt thou hear of my fate; I broke down the window of the
- Attorney’s stable, and immediately ran off to the Zemindary of
- Babu Bosonto, and then in the night came to my wife and children.
- This Planter has stopped every thing; has he left any means for
- men to live by ploughing? How very terrible are the thrusts of the
- Indigo? Again, the advice is given to serve for it. Now, Sir,
- where are your kicks with your shoes on, and your beating on the
- head? (_Thrusts him with his knees_).
-
- _Nobin._ Torap, what is the use of beating him? We ought not to be
- cruel, because they are so; I am going.
-
- (_Exit Nobin, with Khetromani._)
-
- _Torap._ Do you want to show such ill-usage and bad conduct? Speak
- to your old father and carry on your business by mutual consent;
- how long shall your force of hand continue? You shall not be able
- to do anything, when I shall fly. There is no abuse more horrid
- than to say, Die! When your destiny shall decide, you shall have
- to enter the Factory of the Tomb. Just settle our eldest Babu’s
- account of the last year; and take what he consents to sow of
- Indigo in the present year. It is owing to you that they have
- fallen into a state of confusion. It is not merely to load one
- with advances, but cultivation is necessary. Good evening, our
- young Saheb. Now, I go. (_Throws him about, lying on his back, and
- flies off._)
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- THIRD ACT—FOURTH SCENE.
- THE HALL IN THE HOUSE OF GOLUK BOSE.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Enter_ SABITRI.
-
- _Sabitri._ (_With a deep sigh._) O thou cruel Magistrate! Why
- didst not thou also give me a summons? I would have gone to the
- zillah with my husband and my child; that would have been far
- better than remaining in this desert. Ah! my husband always
- remains in the house, never goes out to another village even on
- invitation. Is he destined to suffer so much?—The peadahs taking
- him away, and he himself to go to the jail. Bhagavati, my mother!
- was there so much in thy mind? Ah! he says, that he can never
- sleep, but in a room very long and broad; he eats only the boiled
- Atapa rice;[29] he takes the food prepared by no other hand but
- that of the eldest Bou. Ah! he brought out blood out of his breast
- by severe slaps; he made his eyes swollen by tears; and at the
- same time, he took his leave, he said this is my going to the side
- of the Ganges[30] (_weeps_). Nobin says, Mother call on Bhagavati.
- I must return home having gained my object and bring him home
- also. Ah! the face of my son, like unto that of gold, is
- blackened; what great troubles for the collection of money!
- Wandering about without rest, his brain is become like a
- whirl-pool. Lest I give away the ornaments of the Bous, my son
- encourages me, saying, My mother, what want of money? What large
- sum will be necessary for this case? How shall my child grieve, if
- my ornaments be given in mortgage for our suit on small portions
- of land! He says, as soon as I get a small sum of money, I shall
- immediately bring back the ornaments. My son has courage in his
- tongue and tears in his eyes. Ah! he started with tears in his
- eyes. My dear Nobin, in this heat of the sun, went to Indrabad;
- and I, a great sinner, remained confined in my room. Is this the
- life thy mother spends!
-
- _Enter_ SOIRINDRI.
-
- _Soirindri._ Madam, it is now too late. Now bathe. It is our
- unfortunate destiny; else, why shall such an occurrence come to
- pass?
-
- _Sabitri._ (_With tears._) No, my daughter, as long as my Nobin
- does not return, I shall never give rice and water to my body. Who
- shall give food to my son?
-
- _Soirindri._ His brother has a lodging house there, and they have
- a Brahmin; there will be no disturbance. You had better come and
- bathe.
-
- _Enter_ SARALOTA, _with a cup of oil_.
-
- Young Bou, you had better rub the oil on her body, and make her
- bathe, and bring her to the cook-room. Let me go to prepare the
- place.
-
- (_Exit Soirindri._)
-
- (_Saralota rubs the oil on her mother-in-law’s body._)
-
- _Sabitri._ My parrot[31] is become silent; my daughter has no more
- words in her month; she is faded like a stale flower. Ah! ah! for
- how long have I not seen Bindu Madhab? I am waiting in expectation
- that the College will be closed, and my son will come home. But
- this danger is come (_applying her hand on Saralota’s chin_). Ah!
- the mouth of my dear one is dry, I think you have not yet taken
- any food. While I have fallen into this danger, when shall I
- examine, whether any have taken their food or not. Let me bathe
- you, go and take some food. I am also going.
-
- (_Exit both._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 29:
-
- When the rice in cleansed from its husks by being placed in the
- sun, instead of being boiled, it is called the Atapa rice.
-
-Footnote 30:
-
- That is, this is his last leave.
-
-Footnote 31:
-
- The word parrot here refers to Saralota. As the parrot is
- generally an object of fondness to persons, so Saralota was
- called a parrot, because she was much loved by her
- mother-in-law.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FOURTH ACT—FIRST SCENE.
- THE CRIMINAL COURT OF INDRABAD.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Enter_ MR. WOOD, MR. ROSE, _the Magistrate, and An Officer,
- sitting_. GOLUK CHUNDER, NOBIN MADHAB, BINDU MADHAB, _the
- Attorneys of the Plaintiff and the Defendant, the Agent, Nazir, a
- Bailiff, Servants, Ryots, &c., standing_.
-
- _Defendant’s Attorney._ May the prayer in this application be
- granted. (_Gives the application to the Sheristadar._)
-
- _Magistrate._ Very well; read it. (_Speaks with Mr. Wood, and
- laughs._)
-
- _Sheristadar._ (_To the Defendant’s Attorney._) You have written
- here what equals the length of the Ramayan. Can the petition be
- read without its being in abstract? (_Turns to another page of the
- application_).
-
- _Magistrate._ (_Having spoken with Mr. Wood, and concealing his
- laughter_). Read clearly.
-
- _Sheristadar._ In the absence of the defendant and his attorneys,
- the evidence is already taken from the witnesses of the plaintiff.
- We pray that the witnesses of the plaintiff be again called.
-
- _Plaintiff’s Attorney._ My Lord, it is true that attorneys are
- given up to lying, deceiving, and forgery; they easily forge and
- tell lies, and are incessantly engaged in immoral actions. They
- lead astray married women; and then they themselves enjoy their
- houses and every thing else. The Zemindars hate the attorneys; but
- for the effecting their special purposes, they call them, and give
- them a seat on their couch. My Lord, the very profession of the
- attorneys is a cheating one. But the attorneys of the Indigo
- Planters can never deceive. The Indigo Planters are Christians;
- falsehood is accounted a great sin in the Christian Religion.
- Stealing, licentiousness, murder, and other actions of that nature
- are also looked upon as hateful in that religion not taking evil
- actions into consideration, even forming evil designs in the mind
- dooms a man to burn in the fire of hell. The main aim of the
- Christian Religion is to show kindness, to forgive, to be mild and
- to do good unto others; so, it is by no means probable that the
- Indigo Planters, who follow such a true and pure religion, ever
- give false evidence. My Lord, we do serve such Indigo Planters; we
- have reformed our character according to theirs, and even, if we
- desire, we can, by no means, teach the witness anything false;
- since if the Sahebs, the lovers of truth, find the least fault in
- their servants, they punish them according to the rules of
- justice. The Amin of the Factory, the witness of the defendant, is
- an example of that. Because he deprived the ryot of his advances,
- the kind Saheb drove him from his office; and being angry on
- account of the cries of the poor ryot, he also beat him severely.
-
- _Wood the Planter._ (_To the Magistrate._) Extreme provocation!
- Extreme provocation!
-
- _Plaintiff’s Attorney._ My Lord, many questions were put to my
- witnesses; had they been witnesses who were prepared ones
- (perjured) they would have been caught by those very questions.
- The lawyers have said, “The Judge is as the advocate of the
- defendant,” consequently the questions to be put by the defendant,
- are already asked by your Honour. Therefore, there is no
- probability of any advantage to the defendant, if the witnesses be
- brought here again; but on the other hand, it will prove very
- disadvantageous to them. Honored Sir, the witnesses are poor
- people who live by holding the plough. By the plough they maintain
- their wives and children; their fields become ruined if they do
- not remain there for the whole day; so much so, that because it
- proves a loss to them if they come home, their wives bring boiled
- rice and refreshments bound in handkerchiefs to them in the
- fields, and make them eat that. It proves an entire loss to the
- ryots to come away from the fields for one day; and at such a
- time, if they be brought to such a distant part of the zillah by
- summons, then the labours of the whole year will go for nothing.
- Honored Sir, Honored Sir, do as you think just.
-
- _Magistrate._ I don’t see any reason for that (_as advised by Mr.
- Wood_). There seems no necessity for that.
-
- _Defendant’s Attorney._ My Lord, the ryots of no village take the
- advances of the Indigo Planters with their full consent. The
- Indigo Planter, accompanied by the Amins and servants, or his
- Dewan, goes on horse-back to the field, marks off the best pieces
- of land, and orders the preparation of the Indigo. Then the owner
- of the land brings the ryots to the Factory, and having made known
- to them the particulars of the matter, takes their signatures for
- the advances. The ryots, taking the money in advance, come home
- with tears in their eyes; and the day on which any of them comes
- home with the money, his house, becomes filled, as it were, with
- the tears of persons weeping for the death of a relative or
- friend. On the payment of the Indigo to the Indigo Planter, even
- if the latter have something still to pay to the farmers above the
- sum of the advances as the price of that article, yet they keep it
- in their Account-books that the farmers have still something to
- pay. The ryots, when they have once taken the advance, will suffer
- pain for not less than seven generations. The sorrow which the
- ryots endure in the preparation of the Indigo is known only to
- themselves and the Great God, the Preserver of the poor. Whenever
- some sit together, they converse about the advances and inform
- each other of their respective sums; and also try how to save
- themselves. They have no necessity for forming plans and mutually
- taking the advice of each other. Of themselves they are become as
- mad as the dog who received a blow on the head. The witnesses gave
- evidence that the ryots were willing to prepare Indigo; but that
- the person who has engaged me had, by advice and intimidation,
- stopped their engaging in the preparation of Indigo. This is a
- very striking and an evident forgery. Honored Sir, once more bring
- them before the Bench, and your servant will by two questions
- disclose the falsity of their evidence. I do acknowledge, that
- Nobin Madhab Bose, the son of Goluk Chunder Bose, who engaged me,
- tried his utmost to extricate the helpless ryots from the hands of
- the giant-like Indigo Planters. I do acknowledge this. He also
- proved himself successful in stopping the tyranny of Mr. Wood;
- which is known fully by the case which was brought here for the
- burning of the village of Polaspore. But Goluk Chunder Bose is of
- a very peaceful character; he fears the Indigo Planters more than
- the tigers, never engages in any quarrels; at no time injures
- another, and even is not courageous enough to save another from
- danger. My Saheb, that Goluk Chunder Bose is a man of a good
- character, is known to all persons in the zillah, and can be known
- even by enquiring of the Amlas of the Court.
-
- _Goluk._ Honored Sir, the whole sum due for my Indigo of the last
- year was not paid; still only through fear of coming into Court, I
- consented to take the advance for sixty bigahs of land. My eldest
- son said, “Father, we have other ways of living; the loss in
- Indigo for one year or two might stop feasts and religious
- ceremonies, but will not produce want of food. But those who
- entirely depend on their ploughs; what means have they? Losing
- this case if we be obliged again to engage in the Indigo
- cultivation, all will be obliged to do the same afterwards.” He
- said this is a wise man; and consequently I told him to make the
- Saheb, by entreaties and supplications, to agree to fifty bigahs.
- The Saheb said nothing, neither Yes nor No; and secretly made
- preparations to bring me in my old age, to gaol. I know that the
- only way to get happiness is to keep the Sahebs contented; the
- country is the Saheb’s, the Judges are their brothers and friends;
- and is it proper to do anything against them? Extricate me, and I
- make this promise, that if I cannot prepare the Indigo from want
- of ploughs and kine, I will annually give the Saheb Co.’s Rs. 100
- in the place of that. Am I a person to tutor the ryots? Do I meet
- them?
-
- _Defendant’s Attorney._ Honored Sir, of the four ryots who came as
- witnesses, one is of the Tikiri caste; he has no knowledge of what
- a plough is; he has no lands and no rents to pay; has no kine and
- no cow-house; and this can be best known by proper examination.
- Kanai Torofdar is a ryot of a different village; and as to our
- Babu he has no acquaintance with him. For these reasons we do pray
- that these men be brought again. The legislators have said, before
- the decision, the defendant ought to be supplied with all proper
- means. Saheb, if this my prayer be granted, I shall have no more
- reasons for complaint.
-
- _Plaintiff’s Attorney._ Saheb.
-
- _Magistrate._ (_Writes a letter._) Speak, speak; I am not writing
- from hearsay.
-
- _Plaintiff’s Attorney._ Saheb, if at this time, the ryots be
- brought here they will suffer great loss; else, I, also, would
- have prayed for their being brought here again, since the offences
- of the defendant which are already proved, may receive stronger
- confirmation. Sir, the bad character of Goluk Chunder Bose is
- known throughout the country; he who benefits him, in return,
- receives injuries. The Indigo Planters crossing the immeasurable
- ocean have come to this land, and have brought out its secret
- wealth; have done great benefit to the country, have increased the
- royal treasure, and have profited themselves. What place, besides
- the prison, can best befit a person who thus opposes the great
- actions of these noble men.
-
- _Magistrate._ (_Writes the address._) Chaprasi!
-
- _Chaprasi._ Sir! (_Comes to the Saheb._)
-
- _Magistrate._ (_Advises with Mr. Wood._) Give this to Mrs. Wood.
- Tell the Khansamah, the Saheb, who is come here, will not go
- to-day.
-
- _Sheristadar._ Sir, what orders are to be written?
-
- _Magistrate._ Let it remain within the _Nathi_ or Court documents.
-
- _Sheristadar._ (_Writes._) It is ordered that it remains within
- the _Nathi_ (_signed by the Magistrate_). Saheb, thou hast not yet
- made a signature on the orders to the reply of the defendant.
-
- _Magistrate._ Read it.
-
- _Sheristadar._ It is ordered, that the defendant is to give Co.’s
- Rs. 200, or two persons as security, and that the subpœnas be
- sent to the truthful witnesses. (_The Magistrate gives the
- signature_).
-
- _Magistrate._ Bring the case of the robbery in Mirghan to the
- Court to-morrow.
-
- (_Exit Magistrate, Mr. Wood, Mr. Rose,
- Chaprasi, and Bearers._)
-
- _Sheristadar._ Nazir, take the security-bond from the defendant
- properly.
-
- (_Exit sheristadar, agent, the plaintiff’s
- attorney, the ryots._)
-
- _Nazir._ (_To the Defendant’s Attorney._) How can we write now,
- while it is evening; moreover, I am somewhat busy now.
-
- _Defendant’s Attorney._ The name is great, but in property there
- is nothing (_speaks with the Nazir._) This money they will give by
- selling the ornaments.
-
- _Nazir._ I have no estates, have no trade nor lands for
- cultivation. This is my whole stock. It is for your sake only that
- I have agreed to take Rupees 100. Let us go to our lodging. Be
- careful that the Dewan does not hear this. Have not they got
- something as their own.
-
- (_Exit all._)
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FOURTH ACT—SECOND SCENE.
- INDRABAD, THE DWELLING OF BINDU MADHAB.
-
- -------
-
- NOBIN MADHAB, BINDU MADHAB, _and_ SADHU _sitting_.
-
- _Nobin._ I am now obliged to go home. My mother will die as soon
- as she hears of this. What more shall I do now for you? See that
- our father does not suffer great sorrow. I have now determined on
- leaving our habitation. I shall sell off everything, and send the
- money. Whoever wants any sum, I will give him that.
-
- _Bindu._ The Darogah does not want money; only, for fear of the
- Magistrate, he does not allow the cooking Brahmin to be taken
- there.
-
- _Nobin._ Give him money and also entreat him. Ah! His[A] body is
- old; he has been without food for three days! I explained to him,
- and entreated him greatly. He says, “Nobin, let three days pass
- and then shall I think, whether I shall take food or not; within
- these three days, I shall not take any thing.”
-
- _Bindu._ I do not find any means, how I can be able to make my
- father take some boiled rice. The hand which he has placed on his
- eyes from the time when the Magistrate, the slave of the Indigo
- Planters, ordered him to be kept in the prison, that hand he has
- not yet removed. The hand is filled with the tears; and the piece
- where he was made to sit down at first, is still that where he now
- is. Being entirely silent, and remaining weak in body and without
- power to move, he is become like a dead pigeon in this cagelike
- prison. This day is the fourth, and to-day I must make him take
- food. You had better go home, and I shall send a letter every day.
-
- _Nobin._ O God, what great sorrow art thou giving to our father!
- If they do allow you, my dear Bindu, to remain day and night in
- the prison; then can I quietly go to our house.
-
- _Sadhu._ Let me steal, and you bring me before the Court as a
- thief. I will make the confession; they will put me in prison;
- then I will be best able to serve my master.
-
- _Nobin._ O Sadhu! Thou art the actual Sadhu (the honest man). Ah!
- you are now very sorry on learning the deadly sorrow of
- Khetromani; and the sooner I can take you home the better.
-
- _Sadhu._ (_Deep sigh._) My eldest Babu! Shall I see my daughter on
- my return. I have none other.
-
- _Bindu._ If you make her take that draught which I gave you, she
- must be cured by that. The Doctor heard every particular of her
- disease, and has given that medicine.
-
- _Enter the Deputy Inspector._
-
- _D. Inspector._ Bindu Babu, Mr. Commissioner has written very
- urgently about releasing your father.
-
- _Bindu._ There is no doubt the Lieutenant-Governor will grant him
- release.
-
- _Nobin._ After what time can the notice of the release come?
-
- _Bindu._ It will not be more than fifteen days.
-
- _D. Inspector._ The Deputy Magistrate of Amaranagara gave an order
- of imprisonment for six months to a certain Mooktyar according to
- this law; but he had to remain for sixteen days in the gaol.
-
- _Nobin._ Shall such a time ever come, that the Governor, becoming
- friendly, destroy the evil desires of the unfriendly Magistrate?
-
- _Bindu._ There is a God, the Lord of the Universe; and he must do
- it. Sir, you had better start, for there is a long way to go.
-
- (_Exit Nobin, Bindu, and Sadhu._)
-
- _D. Inspector._ Alas! The two brothers, burnt up by these
- anxieties, have, as it were, become dead, while living. The order
- of release from the Lieutenant-Governor will be as the restoration
- of life to them. Babu Nobin Chunder is of a brave spirit, does
- good to others, is very munificent, a great improver of learning,
- and also of a patriotic mind; but the mist of the cruel Indigo
- Planters withered all his good qualities in the bud.
-
- _Enter the Pundit of the College._
-
- Welcome, Sir!
-
- _Pundit._ My body is naturally somewhat of a warm nature. I cannot
- hear the sunshine. The heat of the sun makes me, as it were, mad
- in the months of March, April, and May. I had a very severe
- head-ache for a few days; and was not able to attend Bindu Madhab
- at all.
-
- _D. Inspector._ The Vishnu Toila (a kind of oil) can do you some
- good. The oil is prepared for Babu Vishnu, and to-morrow I shall
- send some to your house.
-
- _Pundit._ I am much obliged to you for that. A man of a healthy
- constitution becomes mad by teaching children; such am I.
-
- _D. Inspector._ Why don’t we see our elder Pundit any more?
-
- _Pundit._ He is now trying some means to leave this doggish
- service. While his good son is making some acquisition of
- property, the family will be maintained like that of a King. It
- does not seem good for him now to go to and come from the College
- looking with his books under his arm like a bull bound to the
- cart. He is now of age.
-
- _Re-enter_ BINDU MADHAB.
-
- _Bindu._ The Pundit is come.
-
- _Pundit._ Did the sinful creature show so much injustice? You did
- not hear it; at Christmas he spent ten days continually in that
- Factory. The ryot is to have justice from him! _Can the Hindu
- celebrate his religious services before the Kazi_ (the Mahomedan
- judge)?
-
- _Bindu._ The decree of Providence.
-
- _Pundit._ Whom did you appoint as Muktyar?
-
- _Bindu._ Prandhan Mullik.
-
- _Pundit._ Why did you appoint him as your Muktyar? It would have
- been better if you had engaged some other person. “All Gods are
- equal. To make a separation from the wicked, the village becomes
- empty.”[32]
-
- _Bindu._ The Commissioner has made a report to the Government
- recommending the release of my father.
-
- _Pundit._ _One is ashes and so is the other_; as is the Magistrate
- such is the Commissioner.
-
- _Bindu._ Sir, you know not the Commissioner; and, therefore, you
- spoke thus of him. The Commissioner is very impartial, and is
- always desirous of the improvement of the natives.
-
- _Pundit._ Whatever that be; now if, through the blessing of God,
- your father be released, then all shall be well. In what condition
- is he in the gaol?
-
- _Bindu._ He is shedding tears day and night, and for the last
- three days has taken no food. Just now I shall go to the gaol, and
- shall make him happy by giving him this good news.
-
- _Enter a Chaprasi._
-
- Art thou a chaprasi of the gaol?
-
- _Chaprasi._ Sir, come quickly to the goal. The Darogah has called
- you.
-
- _Bindu._ Have you seen my father this day?
-
- _Chaprasi._ Come, Sir. I cannot say anything.
-
- _Bindu._ Come, Sir (_to the Pundit_). I don’t suppose all good. I
- go.
-
- (_Exit Bindu Madhab and Chaprasi._)
-
- _Pundit._ Yes; let us all go. I think some bad accident has taken
- place.
-
- (_Exit both._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 32:
-
- This is a proverb, signifying you cannot separate the tares from
- wheat.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FOURTH ACT—THIRD SCENE.
- THE PRISON-HOUSE OF INDRABAD.
-
- -------
-
-_The dead body of Goluk Chunder swinging, bound by his outer garment
- twisted like a rope; the Darogah of the Gaol and the Jamadar sitting._
-
- _Darogah._ Who is gone to call Babu Bindu Madhab?
-
- _Jamadar._ Manirodi is gone there. Till the Doctor comes, we
- cannot bring it down.
-
- _Darogah._ Did not the Magistrate say, he will come here this day?
-
- _Jamadar._ No, Sir, he has four days more to come. At Sachigunge
- on Saturday, they have a Champagne-party and ladies’ dance. Mrs.
- Wood can never dance with any other, but our Saheb; and I saw
- that, when I was a bearer. Mrs. Wood is very kind: through the
- influence of one letter, she got me the Jamadary of the Jail.
-
- _Darogah._ Ah! The father of Babu Bindu Madhab expressed great
- sorrow at his not getting food. When Babu Bindu sees this, he will
- quit life.
-
- _Enter_ BINDU MADHAB.
-
- All things are by the will of God.
-
- _Bindu._ What is this! What is this! Ah! ah! My father is dead
- while bound above ground with a rope! I was coming to try some
- means for his release. What sorrow! (_places his own head on the
- breast of the dead body, then clasps the corpse, and weeps_). Oh
- father! Hast thou at once broken the ties of affection towards us?
- Shalt thou no more praise Bindu before other men for his English
- education? Calling Nobin Madhab by the name of “Bhima[33] of
- Svaropur;” is that now put at an end? You have now made a treaty
- with Bipin (the son of Nobin) with whom you always had a quarrel,
- saying to the eldest Bou, “My mother, my mother.” Ah! as in the
- case of a heron and its mate, with their young ones flying in the
- air, in search of food, if the heron be killed by a fowler, the
- mate with her young ones falls into great danger, so shall my
- mother be when she hears of your being put to death, while hung
- above ground by a rope.
-
- _Darogah._ (_Bringing Babu Bindu aside by taking hold of his
- hands._) Babu Bindu do not be so impatient now. Get the permission
- of the Doctor, and try to take the corpse soon to the Amritaghata.
-
- _Enter Deputy Inspector and the Pundit._
-
- _Bindu._ Darogah, do not speak of anything to me. Whatever
- consultation you have to make, make that with the Pundit and the
- Deputy Inspector. Through sorrow, I have lost the power of speech;
- let me take my father’s feet once on my breast. (_Sits up, taking
- the feet of Goluk on his breast._)
-
- _Pundit._ (_To the Deputy Inspector._) Let me take Bindu Madhab on
- my lap; you had better unloose the rope. It is never proper to
- keep such a godly body in this hell.
-
- _Darogah._ It will be necessary to wait for a short time.
-
- _Pundit._ Are you the chowkidar of hell, else why have you such a
- character?
-
- _Darogah._ Sir, you are wise, you are reproaching me.
-
- _Enter the Doctor._
-
- _Doctor._ Ho! Ho! Bindu Madhab! God’s will. The Pundit is come.
- Bindu must not leave the College.
-
- _Pundit._ It is not proper for Bindu to leave the College.
-
- _Bindu._ As to our estates and possessions, we have lost every
- thing; at last, our father has left us beggars (_weeps_); how can
- studying be any more carried on?
-
- _Pundit._ The Indigo Planters have taken away the all of Bindu
- Madhab and his family.
-
- _Doctor._ I have heard of these Planters from the Missionaries and
- also I have seen them myself. Once as I was coming from a certain
- Planter’s Factory at Matanagara, while I was sitting in a village,
- two ryots of the place were passing by the side of my palanquin;
- one of them had some milk with him, which I wanted to buy.
- Immediately, one whispered to the other, “The Indigo giant, the
- Indigo giant.” Then having left the milk, they ran off. I asked
- another ryot, and he said, that these persons ran off for fear of
- being compelled to take advances for Indigo; and as I had taken
- the advance, what reason is there for going to his godown. I
- understood, he took me for a planter; I gave the milk into that
- ryot’s hand, and went away from the place.
-
- _D. Inspector._ A certain Missionary was passing through a village
- within the concern of Mr. Vally. As soon as the ryots saw him,
- they began to cry aloud, “The Indigo ghost is come out, the Indigo
- ghost is come out;” and having left that path, flew into their own
- houses. But as the ryots found, by and by, the bounty, mildness,
- and forgiving temper of these gentlemen, they began to wonder; and
- as much as the Missionaries showed heartfelt sorrow for the
- tortures which the poor people suffered from the Indigo Planters,
- so much the more they began to love them, and to have faith in
- them. Now the ryots say to each other, “All bamboos are of one
- tuft; but of one is made the frame of the Goddess Durga, and of
- another the sweepers basket.”
-
- _Pundit._ Let us take away the dead body.
-
- _Doctor._ We must be sharp. You can bring it out.
-
- (_Bindu Madhab and the Deputy Inspector loosening the rope bring
- out the corpse._)
-
- (_Exit all._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 33:
-
- Bhima or Brikadar was the second brother of Yudhistra and the
- second sond of Pandu.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FIFTH ACT—FIRST SCENE. | BEFORE THE OFFICE OF THE BAGHUNBARI
- FACTORY.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Enter_ GOPINATH DAS _and a Herdsman_.
-
- _Gopi._ How did you get so much information?
-
- _Cowherd._ We are their neighbours; day and night, we go to their
- house. Whenever we are in want of any thing, either a little salt
- or a ladle of oil, we immediately go to them and bring it; if the
- child cry, we bring a little molasses from them and give it; we
- are getting our support for nearly seven generations from the Bose
- family; and can’t we get information about them?
-
- _Gopi._ Where was Bindu Madhab married?
-
- _Cowherd._ Oh, it is in a village to the west of Calcutta. In
- which they wanted to have the Kaistas[34] wear the poita. We
- cannot satisfy all the Brahmins now in existence in a great feast,
- and still they wanted to increase the number. The father-in-law of
- our young Babu is greatly respected. The Judge or Magistrate when
- they come to him take off their hats. Do such men give their
- daughters to men of these places? Observing the improvements in
- learning made by our young Babu, they did not care about the
- village belonging to ryots. People say that the women in cities
- are showy, and that there is no distinction between those who live
- within the house and those who live in the bazar.[35] But we do
- not at all find a young woman of a mild temper as the Bou of the
- Bose family is. The mother of Goma goes to their house every day,
- still, although she has been married for nearly five years, she
- has never seen her face. We saw her only on that day when she came
- here. We thought that the Babus in the city keep company with the
- Europeans; therefore they have brought their females into public
- like English ladies.
-
- _Gopi._ But the Bou is always engaged in attending on her
- mother-in-law.
-
- _Cowherd._ Dewanji, what shall I say? The mother of Goma says, I
- heard a report that, had not the youngest Bou been in the house
- when the news of Nobin being bound by the rope and thus killed
- came, the mistress of the family would have died. We heard also
- that the women in the city treat their husbands as sheep (slaves)
- and murder their parents by not giving them any support; but
- observing this Bou, I now know that it is a mere report.
-
- _Gopi._ I think, the mother of Babu Nobin Chunder also loves her.
-
- _Cowherd._ I don’t see any one in the world whom she does not
- love. Ah! She is an Annapurnah[36] (full of rice). But have you
- kept the rice that she shall be full of it?[37] The vile Planters
- have swallowed up the old man, and they are now on the point of
- swallowing up the old woman.
-
- _Gopi._ Thou braggart fool, if the Saheb hear this; he will bring
- out your new moon.[38]
-
- _Cowherd._ What can I do? Is it my desire to sit in the Factory
- and abuse the Sahebs?
-
- _Gopi._ I am very sorry that I have destroyed this man of great
- honour by a false law-suit. I have also felt great pain on hearing
- of Nobin’s severe head-ache and the miserable condition of his
- mother.
-
- _Cowherd._ _It is the cold attacking a frog._[39] Dewanji, don’t
- be angry with me, I am as a mad goat; shall I prepare the tobacco?
-
- _Gopi._ This stupid fellow of Nanda’s family is very senseless.
-
- _Cowherd._ The Sahebs are doing all: _they themselves are
- blacksmiths and at the same time the cimeter; where they make one
- to fall, there they themselves also fall_. If ruin come upon these
- Saheb’s Factories, then the people of the villages save themselves
- by bathing.[40]
-
- _Gopi._ You are very foolish. I don’t want to hear any more? Go
- out, the Saheb will come very soon.
-
- _Cowherd._ Now, I am going. You must attend to my milk bill, and
- also give me one rupi to-morrow. We shall go to bathe in the
- Ganges.
-
- (_Exit Cowherd._)
-
- _Gopi._ _I think the thunder-bolt will strike this head, which is
- aching._ No one will be able to stop the Saheb in sowing the
- Indigo seed on the sides of your tank. The Sahebs did something
- improper. These persons engaged themselves to sow Indigo on fifty
- bigahs of land, although they did not get the full price for the
- last year. Yet the Sahebs are not satisfied; these disputes arose
- only for certain pieces of grounds; and it would have been good
- for Nobin Bose to have given them these—_to keep the goddess
- Sitola[41] well-pleased is the best_. Nobin will bite once more
- even after his death. (_Seeing the Saheb at a distance_). Here the
- white-bodied man with a blue dress is coming. I think, I am to
- remain as a companion with the former Dewan for some days.
-
- _Enter_ MR. WOOD.
-
- _Wood._ There will be a great quarrel at Matanagara: and all the
- latyals will be there. Let no one hear this? For this place, make
- a collection of ten of the poda caste of (Surki) brickpowder
- makers or sellers. I, Mr. Rose, and you are to go there. The fool
- while he has taken his cacha[42] will not be able to increase the
- row greatly. He is sick; then how can he go to bring assistance
- from the Darogah.
-
- _Gopi._ The extreme weakness to which these are reduced, makes it
- unnecessary to bring any _surkiwallá_ among the Hindus, for a
- person to die with a rope round his neck, especially within a
- prison is very disgraceful; so he is greatly punished by this
- occurrence.
-
- _Wood._ You do not understand this. The rascal is become very
- happy on the death of his father. He took the advances for a long
- time only through fear of his father; now that fear is gone, and
- he will do as he likes. The rascal has given a bad name to my
- Factory, and I will imprison him to-morrow and keep him along with
- Mojumdar. If the Magistrate be of the same character with him of
- Amaranagara, the wicked people will be able to do every thing.
-
- _Gopi._ With respect to what they planned about the case of
- Mojumdar, I cannot say how very terrible it would have been, had
- not Nobin Bose fallen into this great danger. I cannot say what
- they still will do? Moreover, as the Magistrate, who is coming, we
- have heard, is on the side of the ryots; and when he comes to the
- villages, he brings along with him his tents.—Observing this, we
- may say, it might occasion great confusion, and also it is
- somewhat fearful.
-
- _Wood._ You are always puzzling me with speaking of fear; the
- Indigo Planters, in nothing whatever, have any fear. If you don’t
- desire it, leave your business, thou great fool!
-
- _Gopi._ Sir, fear comes on good grounds. When the former Dewan was
- put in prison, his son came to ask for the last six months’ salary
- of his father. On which you told him to make an application. Then,
- on his making the application, you again said the salary cannot be
- given before the accounts are closed. Honored Sir, is this the
- judgment on a servant when he is put in prison?
-
- _Wood._ Did not I know this? Thou stupid, ungrateful creature!
- What becomes of your salaries? If you did not devour the price of
- the Indigo, would there be any deadly Commission? Would the poor
- ryots have gone to the Missionaries with tears in their eyes? You,
- rascal, have destroyed every thing. If the Indigo lessen in
- quantity, I shall sell your houses and indemnify myself; thou
- arrant coward, hellish knave!
-
- _Gopi._ Sir, _we are like butcher’s dogs: we fill our bellies with
- the intestines_. Had you, Sir, taken the Indigo from the ryots in
- the very same way as the (Mahajans) factors take the corn from
- their debtors, then the Indigo Factories would never have suffered
- such disgrace; there would have been no necessity for an overseer
- and the khalasis, and the people would never have reproached me
- with saying “Cursed Gopi! Cursed Gopi!”
-
- _Wood._ Thou art blind, thou hast no eyes.
-
- _Enter an Umadar_ (_an Apprentice_).
-
- I have seen with my own eyes (_applying his hand to his own eyes_)
- the Mahajans go to the ricefield, and quarrel with the ryots
- (their debtors). Ask this person.
-
- _Apprentice._ Honored Sir, I can give many examples of that. The
- ryots say, it is through the grace of the Indigo Planters only
- that we are preserved from the hands of the Mahajans.
-
- _Gopi._ (_Aside, to the Apprentice._) My child, it is vain
- flattery. No employment is vacant now. (_To Mr. Wood_) It is true
- that the Mahajans go to the rice-fields and dispute with the
- ryots; but if your Honor had been acquainted with the mysterious
- intention of the Mahajans in going to the fields and raising
- disputes, you would never have compared with the going of the
- Mahajans to the fields, the punishment of the poor with Shamchand
- resembling the tortures which Lakhman, the son of Sumitra,
- suffered by the Sacti-sela,[43]—while they are without food.
-
- _Wood._ Very well, explain it to me. There must be some reason why
- these fools speak to us of every thing else; but of the Mahajans
- they don’t say a single word.
-
- _Gopi._ Honored Sir, these debtors, whatever sum of money they
- require for the whole year, they take from the Mahajans, and that
- quantity of rice which is necessary for them for that time, they
- also take from their creditors. At the end of the year, the
- debtors clear their debts either by selling the tobacco,
- sugar-cane, sesamum, and other things which they have, and then
- giving the sum collected to their creditors with the interest on
- the sum for the time; or by giving those very articles according
- to the market price: and of the corn which grows, they send to the
- Mahajans’ houses, a part half-prepared. That which remains proves
- sufficient for the expenses of the family for three or four
- months. If through famine or any improper expenses of the debtors,
- there fall any arrears in their supplies, the remainder of the
- debt is carried into the new account-book. Then, by and by, the
- remainder is filled up. The Mahajans never bring an action against
- their debtors; consequently the falling into arrears appears to
- them, as it were, a present loss. I suppose the Mahajans for that
- reason, sometimes go to the fields, observe the preparation of the
- rice and also enquire whether the extent of land for which the
- debtors have asked the revenue from them, is all cultivated with
- grain. Some inexperienced persons, taking under false pretences a
- larger sum than is necessary, and thus being burdened with heavy
- debts, cause losses on the part of the Mahajans and also
- themselves suffer great trouble. The Mahajans go to the fields for
- stopping these, and not like “Indigo Giants” (_strikes his
- tongue_).[44] Sir, the stupid, shameless Mahajans speak thus.
-
- _Wood._ I see, Saturn[45] has come upon you to your destruction;
- else why art thou become so very inquisitive, and why so
- presumptuous, you stupid, incestuous brute?
-
- _Gopi._ Sir, we are made to swallow abuse, to submit to
- shoe-beating, and also we are the men to go to the Shrighur[46]
- (the prison); the men should there be a dispensary or school in
- the Factory you get the credit; should there be murders, we are
- the men. When I come to you for advice, you, Sir, become angry.
- That anxiety which I have felt for the law-suit of the Mojumdars,
- is only known to the Lord of all.
-
- _Wood._ The fool is such, that whenever I tell him to do any
- action requiring courage, he brings to my ears the law-suit of the
- Mojumdar. I am saying always that thou art an ignorant fool; why
- don’t you become satisfied with sending Nobin Bose to the godown
- of Sochigunge.
-
- _Gopi._ Thou, Sir, art the parent of this poor man; it would be
- good, if for the benefit of thy poor servant, thou sendest him
- once to Nobin Bose to ask him about this case.
-
- _Wood._ Stop, thou upstart of a son. Shall I go to meet a dog for
- you? You coward son of a Kaista[47] (_throws him down with
- kicks_). Were you sent as a witness to the Commission, you would
- have ruined every thing, you diabolical niggar (_two kicks more_);
- with such a tongue you shall do your work like a Caot,[48] you
- stupid Kaet. Were it not for your work on to-morrow, I would send
- you to the jail.
-
- (_Exit Mr. Wood and the Apprentice._)
-
- _Gopi._ (_Rubbing his body all over and rising up_). A person
- becomes the Dewan of an Indigo Planter after being born a
- vulture[49] seven hundred times; else, how are numberless
- stockings digested?[50] Oh! what kickings! Oh! the fool is, as it
- were, the wife of a student who is out of College.[51]
-
- (_Aside_) Dewan, Dewan.
-
- _Gopi._ Your servant is present. Whose turn is it?
-
- “In the sea of love are many waves.”
-
- (_Exit Gopi._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 34:
-
- The writer class among the Natives of this country.
-
-Footnote 35:
-
- Signifying the distinction between the women or a good and that
- of a licentious character.
-
-Footnote 36:
-
- This is one of the names of Durga, meaning the goddess of
- Plenty.
-
-Footnote 37:
-
- Signifying, have you not taken away her whole possession? Then,
- how can she show her pity by supporting the poor?
-
-Footnote 38:
-
- That is, he will make every thing dark to you, as at the time of
- the new moon. In short, he will kill you.
-
-Footnote 39:
-
- That is, nothing; as the cold has no effect on the frog.
-
-Footnote 40:
-
- That is, purify themselves by bathing.
-
-Footnote 41:
-
- Sitola is the goddess of the small-pox; and the meaning of the
- above is that if that goddess be kept satisfied, the disease of
- the small-pox cannot come; and if come, will pass away.
-
-Footnote 42:
-
- This refers to Nobin Bose. The cacha signifies the piece of
- cloth kept by the sons on the death of their parents for one
- month, when the pinda or offering to the dead is made.
-
-Footnote 43:
-
- Lakhman was the brother of Rama. When they were gone to make war
- with Ravana of Lunka, (Ceylon) in a certain battle Lakhman
- suffered very much by the Sacti-sela (the name of a superior
- engine in a battle).
-
-Footnote 44:
-
- This is a sign of shame or fear.
-
-Footnote 45:
-
- The planet Saturn is said to have a very bad influence. Whenever
- it comes upon one, the utter ruin of that person is thought very
- near.
-
-Footnote 46:
-
- Ironically, the house of Prosperity.
-
-Footnote 47:
-
- The Kaista is the caste of writers.
-
-Footnote 48:
-
- Caot is the name of a mean caste, and the word Kaet is only a
- common form of expression for the term Kaista.
-
-Footnote 49:
-
- The vulture is taken for a detestable bird.
-
-Footnote 50:
-
- Signifying, else how can he bear so many kickings?
-
-Footnote 51:
-
- This is said only in reference to his dress.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FIFTH ACT—SECOND SCENE.
- THE BEDROOM OF NOBIN BOSE.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Aduri crying when preparing Nobin’s bed._
-
- _Aduri._ Ah! ha! ha! where shall I go? My heart is on the point of
- bursting. They have beaten him so severely that the pulse is
- moving very slowly; our mistress will die as soon as she sees
- this. When Nobin was taken by force to the Factory, they were
- tearing themselves and weeping under the shade of that tree; but
- when brought towards our house, they did not see that.
-
- (_Aside._) We shall take him into the house.
-
- _Aduri._ Bring him into the house. None of them are here.
-
- _Enter_ SADHU _and_ TORAPA _bearing the senseless Nobin on their
- shoulders_.
-
- _Sadhu._ (_Making Nobin Madhab to lie on the bed._) Madam, where
- art thou?
-
- _Aduri._ They began to see, standing under the tree. When this
- person (_pointing to Torapa_) flew away with him, we thought he
- was taken to the Factory. They began to tear themselves under the
- tree. I came to the house to call certain persons. Will our
- mistress remain alive when she sees this dead son? Do you stand
- here; let me call them here.
-
- (_Exit Aduri._)
-
- _Enter the Priest._
-
- _Priest._ Oh God, hast thou killed such a man! Hast thou stopped
- the provision of so many men! We do not find any such symptom that
- our eldest Babu will sit up again.
-
- _Sadhu._ God’s will. He can give life to a dead man.
-
- _Priest._ On the third day, Bindu Babu, according to the Shastras,
- celebrated the offering of the funeral cake (_pindadán_) on the
- banks of the Ganges; it is only through the entreaties of his
- mother that preparations are being made for the monthly ceremony
- (_shradh_). It was determined that after the celebration of the
- ceremony, their dwelling place is to be removed; and I also heard
- that they will no more meet with that cruel Saheb; then why did he
- go there to-day?
-
- _Sadhu._ Our eldest Babu has no fault, nor has he any want of
- judgment. Our madam and the eldest Bou forbad him many times. They
- said, “During the days we are to remain here, we will bathe with
- the water of the well, or Aduri will bring the water from the
- tank; we shall have no trouble.” The eldest Babu said “With a
- present of 50 Rupis, I shall fall at the Saheb’s feet, and thus
- stop the cultivation of the Indigo on the side of the tank, and
- shall speak nothing of the dispute in such a dangerous time.” With
- this intention our eldest Babu took me and Torap with him, and
- going there with tears in his eyes, said to the Saheb, “Saheb, I
- bring you a present of 50 Rupis; only for this year, stop the
- cultivation of the Indigo in this place: and if this be not
- granted, take the money, and delay that business only till the
- time when the ceremony is to be performed.” There is sin even in
- repeating the answer which the wretch gave, and the hairs of our
- body stood on an end. The rascal said, “Your father was hung in
- the jail of the Yabans[52] with thieves and robbers; therefore
- keep your money for the sacrifice of many bulls which are
- necessary for his ceremony.” Then placing his shoe on one of the
- eldest Babus knees, he said “This is the gift for your father’s
- ceremony.”
-
- _Priest._ Narayan! Narayan.[53] (_Placing his hand on his ears_).
-
- _Sadhu._ Instantly the eyes of the eldest Babu became red like
- blood, his whole body began to tremble, he bit his lips with his
- teeth and then remaining silent for a short time gave the Saheb a
- hard kick on the breast, so that he fell on the ground upside down
- like a bundle of _bena_ (a certain grass). Kes Dali, who is now
- the jamadar of the Factory, and other ten surkiola immediately
- stood round him. The eldest Babu had once saved these from the
- hands of robbers; so they felt a little ashamed to raise their
- hand against him. Mr. Wood gave a blow to the jamadar, took the
- stick out of his hand and smote with it the head of the eldest
- Babu. The head was cracked, and he fell down senseless on the
- ground; I tried much, but was not able to go into that crowd.
- Torapa was observing this from a distance: and as soon as the men
- stood round the eldest Babu, he with violence rushed into this
- crowd like an obstinate buffalo, took him up, and flew off.
-
- _Torapa._ I was told “to stand at a distance, lest they take me
- away by force.” The fools hate me very much; do I hide myself when
- there is a tumult? If I had gone a little before, I would have
- brought the Babu safe, and would have sacrificed two of those
- rascals in the Durgah of Borkat Bibi (the temple of Benediction).
- My whole body is shrunk on observing the head of the Babu; then,
- when shall I kill these? Oh! oh! the eldest Babu saved me so many
- times, but I was not able to save him once. (_Beats his forehead
- and cries._)
-
- _Priest._ I see a wound from a weapon on his breast.
-
- _Sadhu._ As soon as Torapa rushed into the crowd, the young Saheb
- struck the Babu with the sword. Torapa saved the Babu by placing
- his hand in front of his own, which was cut, and there was the
- sign of a slight bruise on the Babu’s breast.
-
- _Priest._ (_Deeply thinking for some time, reads_).
-
- “_Man knows this for certain, that understanding and goodness are
- necessary in the friend, the wife, and in servants._” I do not see
- a single person in this large house; but a person of a different
- caste and of another village, is weeping near the Babu. Ah! the
- poor man is a day-laborer, and his very hand is cut off. Why is
- his face all daubed over with blood?
-
- _Sadhu._ When the young Saheb struck his hand with the sword, like
- an ichneumon making a noise when its tail is cut off, he in agony
- from the pain of his hand flew off after seizing with a bite the
- nose of the elder Saheb.
-
- _Torapa._ That nose I have kept with me, and when the Babu will
- rise up alive again I will show him that (_shows the nose cut
- off_). Had the Babu been able to fly off himself, I would have
- taken his ears; but I would not have killed him, as he is a
- creature of God.
-
- _Priest._ Justice is still alive. The Gods were saved from the
- injustice of Ravana, when the nose of Surpanaka was cut off: shall
- not the people be saved from the tyranny of the Indigo Planters by
- the cutting off of the elder Saheb’s nose?
-
- _Torapa._ Let me now hide myself; I shall fly off in the night.
- That fool will overturn the whole village on account of his nose.
-
- (_Exit Torapa bowing down twice on the
- earth near Nobin Madhab’s bed._)
-
- _Sadhu._ So very weak is our madam become by the death of her
- husband, that there is no doubt she will die, when she sees Babu
- Nobin in this condition. I applied so much water, rubbed my hand
- over the head so long; but nothing is bringing him to his senses
- again. You, Sir, call him once.
-
- _Priest._ Eldest Babu! Eldest Babu! Nobin Madhab! (_with tears in
- his eyes_) Guardian of ryots! Giver of food! moving his eyes now!
- Ah! The mother will die immediately. When she heard of his being
- bound with ropes above ground, she resolved not to take the rice
- of this sinful world for ten days. This is the fifth; this
- morning, Nobin Madhab taking hold of her shoulders shed much tears
- and said, “Mother, if thou dost not take food this day, then I
- shall never take the rice with the clarified butter; thus placing
- the sin of disobedience to the mother on my head; but shall remain
- without food.” On which the mother kissing her son Nobin, said,
- “My son, I was a queen, now am I become the mother of a king. I
- would never have been sorry, had I once been able to place his[54]
- feet on my head at the time when he departed this life. Did such a
- virtuous person die an inauspicious death? It is for this reason
- that I am remaining without food. Ye are the children of this poor
- woman; looking on you and Bindu Madhab, I shall, this day, take
- for my food the orts of our reverend priest. Do not shed your
- tears before me.”
-
- (_Aside, cries of sorrow._)
-
- Coming.
-
-_Enter_ SABITRI, SOIRINDRI, SARALOTA, ADURI, REBOTI, _the Aunt of Nobin,
- and other women of the neighbourhood_.
-
- There is no fear, he is still alive.
-
- _Sabitri._ (_Observing Nobin on the point of death._) Nobin
- Madhab! my son, my son, my son, where, where, where art thou! Oh!
- Alas!
-
- (_Falls senseless._)
-
- _Soirindri._ (_With tears in her eyes._) Oh young Bou! take hold
- of our mother-in-law; let me once see the Lord of my life, in the
- fulness of my heart. (_Sits near the mouth of Nobin._)
-
- _Priest._ (_To Soirindri._) My daughter, thou art a great lover of
- thy husband, a woman of constancy; the frame of thy body was
- created in a good moment. For one who is so entirely devoted to
- her husband, and who has every thing good on her part, Fortune may
- give life to her husband again; he is moving his eyes, serve him
- without fear. Sadhu, remain here till our madam be in her senses.
-
- (_Exit Priest._)
-
- _Sadhu._ Just see and place your hand on her nose. The body is
- become stiffer than that of a dead body.
-
- _Saralota._ (_Speaking slowly to Reboti, after placing the hand on
- the nose._) Her breathing is full, but the fire coming out of the
- head is so very intense that my throat, as it were, burns.
-
- _Sadhu._ Has the Gomastah (head clerk) fallen into the hands of
- the Sahebs while he is gone to bring the physician? Let me go to
- the lodging-house of that physician.
-
- (_Exit Sadhu._)
-
- _Soirindri._ Ah! Ah, my Lord! that mother for whose abstinence
- from food thou hast grieved so much; that mother, for whose
- weakness thou hadst served her feet; that mother, who for some
- days was, by no means, able to sleep without placing thee in her
- lap, that very same dear mother is now lying senseless before
- thee, and thou art not seeing her once (_seeing Sabitri_). _As the
- cow losing her young one wanders about with loud cries, then being
- bit by a serpent falls down dead on the field_; so the mother is
- lying senseless on the ground being grieved for her dear son. My
- Lord open thine eyes once more; call thy maid-servant[55] once
- more with thy sweet voice and thus satisfy her ears once. The sun
- of happiness has set at noon for me; what shall my Bipin do?
- (_With tears in her eyes falls upon the breast of Nobin Madhab._)
-
- _Saralota._ Ye who an here take hold of our sister.
-
- _Soirindri._ (_Rising up_). I became an orphan while very young;
- it is for this death-like Indigo that my father was taken to the
- Factory, and he returned no more. That place became to him the
- residence of Yama (Death). My poor mother took me to the house of
- my maternal uncle, and there through grief for her husband, she
- bade adieu to the world. My uncles preserved me; I remained like a
- flower accidently let fall from the hand of the gardener. My Lord
- took me up with love and increased my honour. I forgot the sorrow
- for my parents, and in the life of my husband my parents were, as
- it were, revived (_deep sigh_). All my griefs are rising up anew
- in my mind. Ah! If I be deprived of that husband who keeps every
- thing under the shade of his protection, I shall again become the
- same helpless orphan.
-
- _Nobin’s Aunt._ (_Raising her with the hands_). What fear my
- daughter? Why become so full of anxiety? A letter is sent to Bindu
- Madhab to bring a doctor. He will be cured when the doctor comes.
- (_Falls down upon the ground._)
-
- _Soirindri._ My aunt-in-law, while I was a girl I made a
- celebration of a certain religious observance; and placing my
- hands on the Alpana[56] (the white-washing prepared for the
- festival) prayed for these blessings: that my husband be like
- Rama, my mother-in-law like Kousalya, my father-in-law like
- Dasaratha, my brother-in-law like Lakshman. My aunt! God gave me
- more than I prayed for. My husband is as Raghunath (Rama) brave
- and a provider of his dependants; my mother-in-law is as Kousalya,
- having a sweet speech and an earnest love for her sons’ wives; my
- father-in-law is always happy in saying Badhumata, Badhumata,[57]
- and is the brightener of the ten sides.[58] Bindu Madhab, who
- surpasses the autumnal moon in purity, is dearer to me than was
- Lakshman-deva to Sita-devi. My aunt, all has taken place according
- to my desire; only there is one in which I find some
- disagreement—I am still alive. Rama is making preparations for
- going to the forests, but there is no preparation for Sita’s going
- with him.[59] Ah! he was so much grieved on the abstinence of his
- father; again, he took the cacha for the celebration of his
- funeral ceremony; but before that was done he is preparing to go
- up to heaven (to die.) (_Looking on his face with a steady sight_)
- Ah! his lips are dry. Oh! my friends and companions, call my Bipin
- at once from the school; I shall once more (_with weeping eyes_)
- through his hands pour a little water of the Ganges into his dry
- mouth. (_Places her mouth on that of his._)
-
- _All at once._ Ah! Ah!
-
- _Nobin’s Aunt._ (_Takes hold of her body and raises her._) My
- daughter, do not speak such words now (_weeps_); if my sister were
- in her senses, her heart would have been burst.
-
- _Soirindri._ Oh! mother, my desire is that my husband be happy in
- a future state in the same proportion as he had suffered misery in
- this. My Lord, I your bond-maid will pray to God for life; thou
- wast most virtuous, the doer of great good to others and the
- supporter of the poor. The Great Lord of the Universe, who
- provides for the helpless, must give you a place. Ah! take me, my
- Lord, with thee, that I may supply thee, with the flowers for the
- worship of God. “Ah! what loss! what ruin! I see that Rama is
- going to the wilderness leaving his Sita alone. What shall I do?
- Where shall I go? and how shall I preserve my life? Oh friend of
- the distressed, Oh Romanath! Oh Great Wealth of the woman, supply
- me some means in this distress, and preserve me. I see that Nobin
- Madhab is now being burnt in the fire of Indigo. Oh, Lord of the
- distressed! Where is my husband going now, making me unfortunate
- and without support,” (_placing her hand on the breast of Nobin,
- and raising a deep sigh_). The husband now takes leave of his
- family, having placed all at the feet of God. Oh Lord, than who
- art the sea of mercy, the supporter of the helpless, now give
- safety, now save!
-
- _Saralota._ Sister, our mother-in-law has opened her eyes; but is
- looking on me with a distorted countenance, (_weeping_). My
- sister, our mother-in-law never turned her face towards me with
- eyes so full of anger.
-
- _Soirindri._ Ah! ah! our mother-in-law loves Saralota so much,
- that it is through insensibility only that with such an angry face
- she had thrown this champa on the burning pot.[60] Oh my sister,
- do not weep now; when our mother-in-law becomes sensible she will
- again kiss you and with great affection call you “the mad-woman’s
- daughter.” (_Sabitri rises up and sits near Nobin; and looking
- steadily on him, with certain expressions of pleasure_).
-
- _Sabitri._ There is no pain so excessive as the delivery of a
- child, but that invaluable wealth which I have brought forth made
- me forget all my sorrows on observing its face (_weeping_). Ah! if
- Madam Sorrow did not write a letter to Yama (Death) and thus kill
- my husband, how very much would he have been pleased on seeing
- this child. (_Clasps with her hand_).
-
- _All at once._ Ah! ah! she is become mad.
-
- _Sabitri._ Nurse, put the child once more on my lap; let me pacify
- my burnt limbs. Let me once more kiss it in the name of my
- husband. (_Kisses Nobin_).
-
- _Soirindri._ Mother, I am your eldest Bou; do you not see me. Your
- dear Rama is senseless; he is not able to speak now.
-
- _Sabitri._ It would speak when it shall first get rice. Ah, ah,
- had my husband been living what great joy! How many musical
- performances! (_Weeps_).
-
- _Soirindri._ It is misfortune upon misfortune! Is my mother-in-law
- mad now?
-
- _Saralota._ Take our mother-in-law from the bed, my sister; let me
- take care of her.
-
- _Sabitri._ Did you write such a letter, that there is no musical
- performance on this day of joy? (_Looking on all sides and having
- risen from the bed by force, then going to Saralota_) I do entreat
- thee, falling at thy feet, madam, to send another letter to Yama,
- and bring back my husband for once. Thou art the wife of a Saheb;
- else why shall I fall at thy feet?
-
- _Saralota._ My mother-in-law, thou lovest me more than a mother,
- and such words from your mouth have given me more pain than that
- of death. (_Taking hold of the two hands of Sabitri_) Observing
- this your state, my mother, fire is, as it were, raining on my
- breast.
-
- _Sabitri._ Thou strumpet, stupid woman, and a Yabana, why dost
- thou touch me on this eleventh day of the moon?[61] (_Takes off
- her own hand_).
-
- _Saralota._ On hearing such words from your mouth I cannot live
- (_lies down on the ground taking hold of her mother-in-law’s
- feet_). My mother, I shall take leave of this world at your feet.
- (_Weeps_).
-
- _Sabitri._ This is good, that the bad woman is dead. My husband is
- gone to heaven; but thou shalt go to hell. (_Claps with her hand
- and laughs_).
-
- _Soirindri._ (_Rising up_). Ah! ah! our Saralota is very
- good-natured. Now having heard harsh words from her mother-in-law,
- she is become exceedingly sorry! (_To Sabitri_) Come to me,
- mother.
-
- _Sabitri._ Nurse, hast thou left the child alone? Let me go there.
- (_Goes to Nobin hastily, and sits near him_).
-
- _Reboti._ (_To Sabitri_). Oh my mother! Dost thou call that young
- Bou a bad woman, who you said was incomparable in the village; and
- without whose taking food you never took food. My mother, you do
- not hear my words; we were trained by you, you gave us much food.
-
- _Sabitri._ Come on the Ata Couria[62] of the child, and I shall
- give you many sweetmeats.
-
- _Nobin’s Aunt._ My sister, Nobin will be alive again; do not be
- mad.
-
- _Sabitri._ How did you know this? That name is known to no one. My
- father-in-law said, when my daughter-in-law gets a child, I shall
- give it (if male) the name “Nobin Madhab.” Now the child is born,
- I shall give it that name. My husband always said, When shall the
- child be born, and I shall call him by the name “Nobin Madhab”
- (_weeps_). If he had been alive, he would have satisfied that
- desire on this day. (_Aside, a sound_). There, the musicians are
- coming. (_Claps with her hands_).
-
- _Soirindri._ Bou, go into that room, the physician is coming.
-
- _Enter_ SADHU CHURN _and the Physician_.
-
- (_Exit Saralota, Reboti, and all the neighbouring
- women; and Soirindri, putting
- a veil on her head, stands in
- one side of the room._)
-
- _Sadhu._ Our madam has risen up.
-
- _Sabitri._ (_Weeps._) Is it because that my husband is not here
- that you have left your drums at home.
-
- _Aduri._ She has no understanding; she is become entirely insane.
- She called that dead elder Haldar “My infant child,” and chastised
- the young Haldar’s wife, calling her an European’s wife. That
- young woman is weeping severely. Again, she is calling you
- musicians.
-
- _Sadhu._ So great a misfortune has now come to pass!
-
- _Physician._ (_Sitting near Nobin_). It is very probable and also
- according to the Nidana[63] that while she is not taking food for
- the death of her husband, and while she has seen this miserable
- condition of her dearest son, she should become thus. It is
- necessary to see her pulse once. Madam, let me observe thy pulse
- once. (_Stretching out his hand towards her_).
-
- _Sabitri._ Thou vile man must be a creature of the Factory, else
- why dost thou want to take hold of the hand of the woman of a good
- family? (_rising up_). Nurse keep your eyes upon the child; I go
- to take a little water. I shall give you a silk _sarhi_.
-
- _Physician._ Ah! the light of the understanding will not brighten
- again. I will send the Hima Sagara Toila (a medicinal oil) which
- is now necessary for her (_observing the pulse of Nobin_). His
- pulse is only very weak, but I do not find any other bad symptom.
- The doctors are ignorant in other matters, but in anatomical
- operations they are very expert. The expense will be heavy, but it
- is of urgent necessity to call one in.
-
- _Sadhu._ A letter has been sent to the young Babu to come along
- with a doctor.
-
- _Physician._ That is very good.
-
- _Enter Four Relatives._
-
- _First._ We never even dreamt that such an accident would come to
- pass. At noon-day, some were eating, some bathing, and some were
- going to lie down in their beds after dinner. I heard of it now.
-
- _Second._ The stroke on the head appears fatal. What ill-fated
- accident! There was no probability of a quarrel on this day; or
- else, many of the ryots would have been present.
-
- _Sadhu._ Two hundred ryots with clubs in their hands are crying
- aloud, “Strike off, Strike off,” and are weeping with these words
- in their mouths, “Ah! eldest Babu! Ah eldest Bahu!” I told them to
- go to their own houses, since if the Saheb get the least excuse,
- he will, on account of the pain in his nose, burn the whole
- village.
-
- _Physician._ Now, wash the head and apply turpentine to it; in the
- evening, I shall come again and try some other means. To make
- noise in a sick person’s room is to increase his disease; so, let
- there be no noise here.
-
- (_Exit the Physician, Sadhu Churn and the
- relatives in one way, and Aduri, the other;
- Soirindri, sits down_). _The curtain falls._
-
------
-
-Footnote 52:
-
- This term Yabans has reference to the Mahomedans, the Europeans.
-
-Footnote 53:
-
- The name of Vishnu, God.
-
-Footnote 54:
-
- This pronoun “his” stands for Goluk Chunder, the father of Nobin
- Madhab.
-
-Footnote 55:
-
- The term maid-servant here refers to Soirindri, the wife of
- Nobin Madhab.
-
-Footnote 56:
-
- It is a general custom in this country to apply the alpana on
- the floor nearly in all religions observances.
-
-Footnote 57:
-
- This term signifies the wife of one’s son.
-
-Footnote 58:
-
- This expression, “the brightener of the ten sides” signifies
- that he did good wherever he went. The ten sides are the north,
- south, east, west, north-east, north-west, south-east,
- south-west, the top, and the under sides.
-
-Footnote 59:
-
- The reference here is to the wanderings of Rama in the
- wilderness of the Deccan. The signification of the original is
- that while the husband Nobin is he on the point of death, there
- is no preparation for his wife to die with him.
-
-Footnote 60:
-
- That is, she had expressed so much anger against her; or as the
- original, thrown her into the burning-pot of disgust and hatred.
- The Champa is the name of a fragrant yellow flower.
-
-Footnote 61:
-
- This day in kept sacred by the widows of this country.
-
-Footnote 62:
-
- A certain ceremony performed on the eighth day after the birth
- for securing its good fortune.
-
-Footnote 63:
-
- A treatise on the science of medicine.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FIFTH ACT—THIRD SCENE.
- THE ROOM OF SADHU CHURN.
-
- -------
-
-
- _On one side, Khetromani in great torment on her bed, and Sadhu;
- on the other side, Reboti, sitting._
-
- _Khetro._ Sweep over my bed; mother, sweep over my bed!
-
- _Reboti._ My dear, dear daughter, why art thou doing so? I have
- swept on the bed; there is nothing then on the coat of shreds. I
- have placed another which your aunt gave.[64]
-
- _Khetro._ Thorns are pinching me, I die! I die! Oh! turn me to my
- father’s side.
-
- _Sadhu._ (_Silently turning her to the other side. To himself_).
- This agony is the presage to death. (_Openly_) Daughter, thou art
- the precious jewel of this poor man; my daughter, take a little
- food. I have brought some pomegranates from Indrabad, and also the
- ornamented sarhi; but you did not at all express your pleasure
- when you saw that.
-
- _Reboti._ How very extravagant are my daughter’s desires! She said
- once, give me a flower garland at the time of _Semonton_. What is
- that countenance now become? What shall I do! Oh oh! Oh oh!
- (_Places her mouth on the mouth of her daughter_). Ah! my Khetro
- of gold is become a piece of charcoal. Where are the pupils of the
- eye? See, see.
-
- _Sadhu._ Khetromani! Khetromani! Open your eyes fully my daughter.
-
- _Khetro._ My mother! my father! All, it is an axe! (_Turns on the
- other side_).[65]
-
- _Reboti._ Let me take her on my lap; she will remain quiet there.
- (_Comes to take her on her lap_).
-
- _Sadhu._ Do not take her up; she will faint.
-
- _Reboti._ Am I so very unfortunate! Ah! Ah! My Harana is as
- Kartika on his peacock.[66] How can I forget him? Dear me! my
- Siva!
-
- _Sadhu._ Raychurn is gone a long time ago; he is not yet come.
-
- _Reboti._ Our eldest Babu preserved her from the grasp of the
- tiger. The young Saheb killed my daughter, and the elder one
- killed the eldest Babu. Ah! Ah! there is no one to preserve the
- poor.
-
- _Sadhu._ What virtuous actions have I done, that I shall see the
- face of my grand-child?
-
- _Khetro._ My body is cut off—a cracked Tangrah (a fish) Ah! ah!
-
- _Reboti._ I think the ninth of the moon is closed;[67] my image of
- gold is to go to the water, and what means shall I have? Who shall
- call me mother! mother! Did you bring her for this purpose.
- (_Taking hold of Sadhu’s neck, weeps_).
-
- _Sadhu._ Be silent, don’t weep now; she will faint.
-
- _Enter_ RAYCHURN _and the Physician_.
-
- _Physician._ How is she now? Did you give her that medicine?
-
- _Sadhu._ The medicine did not act, and whatever went down
- immediately came up by a vomit. See her pulse once more now; I
- think, it is n sign of her end.
-
- _Reboti._ She is crying out, thorns, thorns. I have prepared her
- bed so thickly,[68] still she is tossing about. Now save her by a
- good medicine. Dear Sir, this relative is very dear unto me.
-
- _Sadhu._ We don’t see any sign of the pulse.
-
- _Physician._ (_Taking hold of the hand_). In this state, it is
- good for the pulse to be weak. “Weakness makes the pulse strong;
- to have a strong pulse is fatal.”
-
- _Sadhu._ At this time, it is the same thing either to apply or not
- to apply the medicine. The parents have hope to the very end;
- therefore, see, if there be any means.
-
- _Physician._ The water with which the Atapa (dried rice) is
- washed, is now necessary. The application of the Shuchikavaran (a
- medicine) is required.
-
- _Sadhu._ That Atapa which the Barah Renee sent for offerings of
- prayer is in the other room. Raychurn, bring that here.
-
- (_Exit Raychurn._)
-
- _Reboti._ Is Annapurnah[69] now awake, that she shall with the
- rice in her hands come to me my Khetromani? It is through my
- ill-fate that our mistress is become mad.
-
- _Physician._ She is already full of sorrow for the death of her
- husband; again, her son is on the point of death; her insanity is
- on the increase. I think she shall die before Nobin; she is become
- very weak.
-
- _Sadhu._ Sir, how did you find our eldest Babu, to-day? I think,
- with his pure blood he has extinguished the fire of tyranny of the
- giants, the Indigo Planters. It is probable, that the Indigo
- Commission might produce to the ryots some advantages; but what
- effect has that? If one hundred serpents do bite at once my whole
- body I can bear that; if on a hearth made of bricks, a frypan
- placed full of molasses, and the same be boiling by a great fire,
- I can also bear the torments, if by accident I fall into the pan;
- if in the dark night of the new-moon a band of robbers with
- terrible sounds come upon and kill my only son who is honest and
- very learned, take away all the acquisitions made during the past
- seven generations, and then make me blind: all these also, I can
- bear; and in the place of one, even if there be ten Indigo
- Factories in the village, that also I can allow; but to be
- separated even for a moment from that elder Babu who is so much
- the supporter of his dependants, that can I never bear.
-
- _Physician._ The blow through which the brain has oozed out is
- fatal. I have found the pulse indicate that death is near; either
- at mid-day or in the evening, life will depart. Bipin gave a
- little water of the Ganges in his mouth, but it came out by its
- sides. Nobin’s wife is quite distracted; but she is trying her
- utmost for his safety.
-
- _Sadhu._ Ah! Ah! Had our mistress not been insane, her heart would
- have been burst asunder on seeing this. The doctor has also said,
- that the bruise on the head is fatal.
-
- _Physician._ The doctor is a very kind-hearted man: when Babu
- Bindu wanted to give him money, he said, “Babu Bindu, the manner
- in which you are already troubled makes it improbable that the
- ceremony of your father will be performed. I cannot take any thing
- from you now, and also it is not necessary for you to give money
- for the bearers who brought me and who will now take me away.” Had
- the doctor been of a hard heart, he would have taken away the
- money kept for the ceremony. I have seen that kind of doctors
- twice; he is as scurrilous as avaricious.
-
- _Sadhu._ Our young Babu brought along with him the doctor to see
- Khetromani; but he said nothing with certainty. The doctor
- observing my want, owing to the tyranny of the Planters, gave me
- two rupees in the name of Khetromani.
-
- _Physician._ Had the doctor been hard-hearted he would have taken
- hold of the hand, and said, she would die; and he would have taken
- the money by selling your kine.
-
- _Reboti._ I can give money by selling off whatever I have, if they
- can only cure my Khetro.
-
- _Enter_ RAYCHURN _with the rice_.
-
- _Physician._ Having washed the rice, bring the water here.
- (_Reboti takes the rice_). Do not give much water. I see the plate
- is very beautiful.
-
- _Reboti._ Our mistress (Sabitri) went to Gya and brought many
- plates; and she gave this to my Khetro. Ah! the same mistress is
- now turned mad, and her hands are bound with a rope, because she
- is slapping her cheeks.
-
- _Physician._ Sadhu, bring the stone-mortar, I have the medicine
- here. (_Opens his box of medicine._)
-
- _Sadhu._ Sir, don’t bring out your medicine; just see, how her
- eyes appear. Raychurn, come here.
-
- _Reboti._ Oh mother! What is my fate now! Oh mother, how shall I
- forget the figure of Harana! Oh! Oh! Oh Khetro, Oh Khetro!
- Khetromoni! daughter. Wilt thou not speak any more, my daughter?
- Oh! Oh! Oh! (_Weeps_).
-
- _Physician._ Her end is very near.
-
- _Sadhu._ Raychurn take hold of her, take hold of her (_Sadhuchurn
- and Raychurn take Khetramoni from the bed, and go out-side_).
-
- _Reboti._ I cannot leave my Laksmi of gold to float on the water.
- Where shall I go? Had she lived with the Saheb, that would have
- been better. I would have remained at rest by seeing her face. My
- daughter, ho! ho! ho! (_Goes behind Khetra, slapping herself_).
-
- _Physician._ I die! I die! I die! What pains does the mother bear!
- It is good not to have a child.
-
- (_Exit all._)
-
------
-
-Footnote 64:
-
- Reboti says, My daughter, what is it that gives you so much
- pain? The bed is all over cleared, there is nothing that can
- trouble the body.
-
-Footnote 65:
-
- These are words which are expressed through great grief.
-
-Footnote 66:
-
- Kartika is taken to be the most lovely in appearance among the
- gods—the symbol of male beauty. He is the son of Siva and
- Doorgah.
-
-Footnote 67:
-
- Here, the reference is to the last of the three days in which
- the goddess Doorgah is worshipped; and the last day is taken to
- be one of great pain, because on that day she is to take her
- departure from her parents to go to her husband Siva.
-
-Footnote 68:
-
- Thickly prepared signifies many coverings of the bed placed one
- above another.
-
-Footnote 69:
-
- It is one of the names of Doorgah. The term signifies “full of
- rice,” or the Goddess of Plenty.
-
------
-
-
-
-
- ----------
-
- FIFTH ACT—FOURTH SCENE.
- THE HALL IN THE HOUSE OF GOLUK CHUNDER BASU.
-
- -------
-
-
- _Sabitri sitting with the dead body of Nobin on her lap._
-
- _Sabitri._ Let my dear child sleep; my dear keeps my heart at
- rest. When I see the sweet face, I remember that other face[70]
- (_kisses_). My child is sleeping most soundly (_rubs the hand
- over the head of the corpse_). Ah! what have the musquitoes
- done? What shall I do for the heat? I must not lie down without
- letting the curtains fall (_rubs the hand on the breast of the
- body_) Ah! Can the mother suffer this, to see the bugs bite the
- child and let drops of blood come out. No one is here to prepare
- the bed of the child; how shall I let it lie down. I have no one
- for me; but all are gone with my husband. (_Weeps_). Oh
- unfortunate creature that I am! I am crying with my child here
- (_observing the face of Nobin_). The child of the sorrowful
- woman is now making deala[71] (_kissing the mouth_). No, my
- dear, I have forgotten all distress in seeing thee; I am not
- weeping (_placing the pap on its mouth_); my dear, suckle the
- pap, my dear, suckle it; I entreated the bad woman so much, even
- fell at her feet, still she did not bring my husband for once;
- he would have gone after settling about the milk of the child.
- This stupid person has such a friendship with Yama, that if she
- had written a letter, he would have immediately given him leave
- (_seeing the rope in her hand_). The husband never gets
- salvation if on his death the widow still wears ornaments;
- although I wept with such loud cries, still they made me wear
- the shanka.[72] I have burnt it by the lamp, still it is in my
- hands (_cuts off the rope with her teeth_). For a widow to wear
- ornaments it does not look good and is not tolerable. On my
- hands there has arisen a blister (_cries_). Whoever has stopped
- my wearing the shanka, let her shanka be taken off within three
- days[73] (_snaps the joints of her fingers on the ground_). Let
- me prepare the bed myself (_prepares the bed in fancy._) The mat
- was not washed (_extends her hands a little_). I can’t reach to
- the pillow; the coat of shreds is become dirty, (_rubs the floor
- with her hands_). Let me make the child lie down (_placing the
- dead body slowly on the ground._) My son, what fear near a
- mother? You lie down peacefully. I shall spit here (_spits on
- its breast_). If that Englishman’s lady come here this day, I
- shall kill her by pressing down her neck. I shall never have my
- child out of my sight. Let me place the bow round it (_gives a
- mark with her finger round the floor, while reading a certain
- verse as a sacred formula read to a God_). “The froth of the
- serpent, the tiger’s nose, the fire prepared by the Sala’s[74]
- resin, the whistling of the swinging machine, the white hairs of
- seven co-wives[75]—_bhanti_[76] leaves, the flowers of the
- _dhuturá_, the seeds of the Indigo, the burnt pepper, the head
- of the corpse, the root of the _maddar_, the mad dog, the
- thief’s reading of the Chundi; these together make the arrow to
- be directed against the gnashing teeth of Yama.”
-
- _Enter_ SARALOTA.
-
- _Saralota._ Where are these gone to? Ah! she is turning round the
- dead body. I think, my husband, tired with excessive travelling,
- has given himself up to Sleep, that goddess who is the destroyer
- of all sorrows and pains. Oh Sleep! how very miraculous is thy
- greatness, thou makest the widow to be with her husband in this
- world, thou bringest the traveller to his country; at thy touch,
- the prisoner’s chain breaks; thou art the Dhannantari[77] of the
- sick; thou hast no distinction of castes in thy dominions; and thy
- laws are never different on account of the difference of nations
- or castes; thou must have made my husband a subject of thy
- impartial power; or else, how is it, that the insane mother brings
- away the dead son from him. My husband is become quite distracted
- by being deprived of his father and his brother. The beauty of his
- countenance has faded by and by, as the full-moon decreases day by
- day. My mother, when hast thou come up? I have left off food and
- sleep, and am looking after thee continually; and did I fall into
- so much insensibility; I promised, that I shall bring thy husband
- from Yama, (Invisible) in order to cure thee, and therefore thou
- remainedest quiet for some. In this formidable night, so full of
- darkness, like unto that which shall take place on the destruction
- of the Universe; when the skies are spread over with the tenors of
- the clouds, the ashes of lightning are giving a momentary light,
- like the arrows of fire, and the race of living creatures are
- given up, as it were, to the sleep of Death; all are silent; when
- the only sound is the cry of jackals in the wilderness and the
- loud noise of the dogs, the great band of enemies to thieves. My
- mother, how is it possible, that in such a night as this then wast
- able to bring thy dead son from out-side the house. (_Goes near
- the corpse_).
-
- _Sabitri._ I have placed the circle; and why do you come within
- it?
-
- _Saralota._ Ah! my husband can never be able to live on seeing the
- death of this his land-conquering and most dear brother.
- (_Weeps_).
-
- _Sabitri._ You are envying my child; you all-destroying wretch,
- the daughter of a wretch! Let your husband die. Go out, just now;
- be out; or else, I shall place my foot on your throat, take out
- your tongue and kill you immediately.
-
- _Saralota._ Ah! such Shoranan[78] (six-mouthed) of gold, whom our
- father-in-law and mother-in-law had, is now gone into the water.
-
- _Sabitri._ Don’t look on my child; I forbid you—you destroyer of
- your husband. I see, your death is very near. (_Goes a little
- towards her_).
-
- _Saralota._ Ah! how very cruel are the formidable arms of Death?
- Ah Yama! you gave so much pain to my honest mother-in-law.
-
- _Sabitri._ Calling again! Calling again! (_takes hold of
- Saralota’s neck by her two hands and throws her down on the
- ground_). Thou stupid, beloved of Yama. Now will I kill thee
- (_stands upon her neck_). Thou hast devoured my husband; again,
- thou art calling your paramour to swallow my dear infant. Die,
- die, die, die now. (_Begins to skip upon the neck._)
-
- _Saralota._ Gah, a, a, (_death of Saralota._)
-
- _Enter_ BINDU MADHAB.
-
- _Bindu._ Oh! She is lying flat here. Oh mother, what is that? Thou
- hast killed my Saralota (_taking hold of Saralota’s head_). My
- dear Sarala has left this sinful world. (_After weeping, kisses
- Saralota._)
-
- _Sabitri._ Gnaw the wretch and destroy her. She was calling Yama
- to devour my infant; and therefore I killed her. (_Standing on her
- neck_).
-
- _Bindu._ As the mother, having destroyed the child whom she was
- fondling for making it sleep on her lap, on awaking will go to
- destroy herself, so wilt thou, Oh my mother! go to kill thyself,
- if thine insanity passing off thou can’st understand, that thy
- most beloved Saralota was murdered by thee. It will be good if
- that lamp no more give its light to thee. Ah! how very pleasant it
- is for a woman to be mad, who has lost her husband and son! The
- deer-like mind being enclosed within the stone walls of madness
- can never be attacked by the great tiger Sorrow. I am thy Bindu
- Madhab.
-
- _Sabitri._ What, what do you say?
-
- _Bindu._ Mother, I can no longer keep my life, becoming mad by the
- death of my father bound by the rope, and the death of my older
- brother; thou hast destroyed my Saralota, and thus hast applied
- salt to my wounded heart.
-
- _Sabitri._ What! Is my Nobin dead! Is my Nobin dead! Ah, my dear
- son, my dear Bindu Madhab! Have I killed your Saralota? Have I
- killed my young Bou by becoming mad (_embracing the dead body of
- Saralota_). I would have remained alive, although deprived of my
- husband and my son. Ah, but on murdering you by my own hands, my
- heart is on the point of being burnt. Ho! Ho! Mother, (_embracing
- Saralota, she falls down, dead on the ground_).
-
- _Bindu._ (_Placing his hand on Sabitri’s body._) What I said, took
- place actually. My mother died on recovering her understanding.
- What affliction! My mother will no more take me on her lap, and
- kiss me. Oh mother! the word mama will no more come out of my
- mouth, (_weeps_). Let me place the dust of her feet on my head
- (_takes the dust from her feet and places that on his own head_).
- Let me also purify my body by eating that dust. (_Eats the dust of
- her feet_).
-
- _Enter_ SOIRINDRI.
-
- _Soirindri._ I am going to die with my husband; do not oppose me,
- my brother-in-law? My Bipin shall live happily with Saralota.
- What’s this, what’s this? Why are our mother-in-law and Bou both
- lying in this manner?
-
- _Bindu._ Oh eldest Bou! our mother first killed Saralota, then
- getting her understanding again, she fell into such excess of
- sorrow, that she also died.
-
- _Soirindri._ Now! In what manner? What loss! What is this! What is
- this! Ah! Ah! my sister, thou hast not yet worn that most pleasant
- lock of hair on the head which I prepared for thee! Ah! ah! thou
- shalt no more call me, sister (_cries_). Mother-in-law, thou art
- gone to your Rama, but did’st not let me go there. Oh my
- mother-in-law, when I got thee, I did not for a moment remember my
- mother.
-
- _Enter_ ADURI.
-
- _Aduri._ Oh eldest Haldarni, come soon; thy young Bipin is afraid.
-
- _Soirindri._ Why did you not call me thence? You left him there
- alone. (_Goes out hastily with Aduri_).
-
- _Bindu._ My Bipin is now the pole-star in the ocean of dangers!
- (_with deep sigh_). In this world of short existence, human life
- is as the bank of a river which has a most violent course and the
- greatest depth. How very beautiful are the banks, the fields
- covered over with new grass, most pleasant to the view, the trees
- full of branches newly coming out; in some places the cottages of
- fishermen; in others the kine feeding with their young ones. To
- walk about in such a place enjoying the sweet songs of the
- beautiful birds, and the charming gale full of the sweet smell of
- flowers, only wraps the mind in the contemplation of that Being
- who is full of pleasure. Accidentally, a hole small as a line is
- observed in the field, and immediately that most pleasant bank
- falls down into the stream. How very sorrowful! The Bose family of
- Svaropur is destroyed by Indigo, the great destroyer of honour.
- How very terrible are the arms of Indigo!
-
- The cobra de capello, like the Indigo Planters, with mouths full
- of poison, threw all happiness into the flame of fire. The father,
- through injustice, died in the prison; the elder brother in the
- Indigo-field, and the mother, being insane through grief for her
- husband and son, murdered with her own hands a most honest woman.
- Getting her understanding again, and observing my sorrow, the
- ocean of grief again swelled in her. With that disease of sorrow
- came the poison of want; and thus without attending to
- consolation, she also departed this life. Incessantly do I call,
- Where is my father? Where is my father? Embrace me once more with
- a smiling face. Crying out, Oh mother! Oh mother! I look on all
- sides; but that countenance of joy do I find no where. When I used
- to call, Mama, she immediately took me on her breast, and rubbed
- my mouth. Who knows the greatness of maternal affection? The cry
- of mama, mama, mama, mama do I make in the battle-field and the
- wilderness whenever fear arises in the mind. Oh my brother, dear
- unto the heart, in the place of whom there is not one, as a friend
- in this world! Thy Bindu Madhab is come! open thine eyes once more
- and see. Ah! ah! it bursts my heart, not to know where my hearts
- Sarala is gone to. The most beautiful, wise, and entirely devoted
- to me; she walked as the swan,[79] and her eyes were handsome as
- those of the deer. With a smiling face and with the sweetest
- voice, thou didst read to me the _Betal_. The mind was charmed by
- thy sweet reading which was as the singing of the bird in the
- forest. Thou, Sarala, hadst a most beauteous face, and didst
- brighten the lake of my heart. Who did take away my lotus with a
- cruel heart? The beautiful lake became dark. The world I look upon
- is as a desert full of corpses; while I have lost my father, my
- mother, my brother, and my wife.
-
- Ah! where are they gone to in search of the dead body of my
- brother? I am to prepare for going to the Ganges as soon as they
- come. Ah! how very terrible, the last scene of the drama of the
- lion-like Nobin Madhab is? (_Sits down, taking hold of Sabitri’s
- feet_).
-
- [_The curtain falls down._
-
- _FINIS._
-
------
-
-Footnote 70:
-
- The face of her husband.
-
-Footnote 71:
-
- It sometimes happens, that during sleep the child either cries
- or laughs; that is called, the Deala of the child.
-
-Footnote 72:
-
- An ornament made of shell for the wrists of women.
-
-Footnote 73:
-
- That is, let her become a widow within three days, who has made
- me so.
-
-Footnote 74:
-
- The Sala is the native name of the tree _Shorea robusta_.
-
-Footnote 75:
-
- The wives of the same husband.
-
-Footnote 76:
-
- _Volkmeria odorata._
-
-Footnote 77:
-
- Dhannantari is the Physician of the Gods.
-
-Footnote 78:
-
- Shoranan is one of the names of Kartikeya. In this place, it
- refers to Nobin Madhab, on account of the great honor which he
- had acquired from the people of the country; and he is compared
- with Kartikeya, because he had much honour among the gods.
-
-Footnote 79:
-
- The gait of the swan is considered in this country the most
- beautiful model of the motion of the feet.
-
------
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- ------------------------------------
-
- Calcutta Printing and Publishing Press, No. 10, Weston’s Lane.
-
-
-
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Transcriber’s Note
-
- Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected,
- and are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the
- original, including those which occur in the footnotes. Minor
- lapses of punctuation in the formatting of the dialog itself are
- corrected without comment here.
-
- 18.31 how many days are there still remaining of Replaced.
- this month[./?]
-
- 19.32 This is a Bengal[l]i term Removed.
-
- 24.1 I shall take her away by certain latyals[.] Added.
-
- 24.15 Did you inform Sadhu of this[./?] Replaced.
-
- 34.19 but one of my friends[./,] Bonkima by name, Replaced.
-
- 42.5 like unto one leading a [,/.] Replaced.
-
- 45.11 business of the Amin[;/,] then this kind Replaced.
-
- 46.6 My dear, you can, with [c/e]ase, give Replaced.
-
- 48.7 My hea[s/r]t bursts Replaced.
-
- 65.13 the Kazi (the Mahomedan judge)[./?] Replaced.
-
- 66.11 _Bind[a/u]._ Have you seen my father this day? Replaced.
-
- 66.13 _Exit Bind[a/u] Madhab and Chaprasi_ Replaced.
-
- 66.15 (_Exit Bind[a/u] Madhab and Chaprasi._) Replaced.
-
- 68.10 _Daroga[h]._ Sir, you are wise Added.
-
- 76.34 a common [f]orm of expression for the term Restored.
- Kaista.
-
- 84.18 there is no preparation for Sita’s going with Added.
- him[.]
-
- 88.30 It is necessary to see her pulse on[c]e. Added.
-
- 88.31 let me observe the[y] pulse once. Removed.
-
- 89.30 on account [of the ]of the pain in his nose Redundant.
-
- 90.24 How very extravagant are my daug[th/ht]er’s Transposed.
- desires!
-
- 95.2 take Khetramoni from the[.] bed Removed.
-
- 97.28 and therefore thou remainedest quiet for some[ Added.
- ]time.
-
- 100.17 Why are our mother-in-law and [b/B]ou both Capitalized.
- lying in this manner?
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Nil Darpan; or, The Indigo Planting
-Mirror, by Dinabandhu Mitra
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Nil Darpan; or, The Indigo Planting Mirror, by
-Dinabandhu Mitra
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Nil Darpan; or, The Indigo Planting Mirror
- A Drama. Translated from the Bengali by a Native.
-
-Author: Dinabandhu Mitra
-
-Translator: Michael Madhusudan Dutt
-
-Release Date: January 19, 2017 [EBook #54027]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NIL DARPAN ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by KD Weeks, Mary Glenn Krause, Eric Lehtonen and
-the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
-http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
-generously made available by The Internet Archive)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c000' />
-</div>
-<div class='tnotes'>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
- <div class='nf-center'>
- <div>Transcriber’s Note:</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c001'>Footnotes have been collected at the end of each Act, and are
-linked for ease of reference.</p>
-
-<p class='c001'>Minor errors, attributable to the printer, have been corrected. Please
-see the transcriber’s <a href='#endnote'>note</a> at the end of this text
-for details regarding the handling of any textual issues encountered
-during its preparation.</p>
-
-<p class='c001'>The title page serves as the cover image.</p>
-<div class='htmlonly'>
-
-<div class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/cover.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-</div>
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c000' />
-</div>
-
-<div>
- <span class='pageno' id='Page_I'>I</span>
- <h1 class='c002'><span class='large'>NIL DARPAN,</span> <br /> <span class='small'>OR</span> <br /> <span class='xlarge'>THE INDIGO PLANTING MIRROR,</span></h1>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div class='c003'><span class="blackletter">A Drama.</span></div>
- <div class='c003'>TRANSLATED FROM THE BENGALI</div>
- <div class='c000'><span class='small'>BY</span></div>
- <div class='c004'><span class='large'>A NATIVE.</span></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='c005' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
- <div class='nf-center'>
- <div><em>CALCUTTA</em>:</div>
- <div class='c000'><span class='small'>C. H. MANUEL, CALCUTTA PRINTING AND PUBLISHING PRESS, No. 10,</span></div>
- <div><span class='small'>WESTON’S LANE, COSSITOLLAH.</span></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='c006' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
- <div class='nf-center'>
- <div>1861.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c000' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
- <span class='pageno' id='Page_iii'>iii</span>
- <h2 class='c007'>INTRODUCTION.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<p class='c008'>The original Bengali of this Drama—the <span class='sc'>Nil Darpan, or
-Indigo Planting Mirror</span>—having excited considerable interest,
-a wish was expressed by various Europeans to see a
-translation of it. This has been made by a Native; both the
-original and translation are <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><em>bonâ fide</em></span> Native productions and
-depict the Indigo Planting System as viewed by Natives at large.</p>
-
-<p class='c001'>The Drama is the favourite mode with the Hindus for
-describing certain states of society, manners, customs. Since
-the days of Sir W. Jones, by scholars at Paris, St. Petersburgh,
-and London, the Sanskrit Drama has, in this point of
-view, been highly appreciated. The Bengali Drama imitates
-in this respect its Sanskrit parent. The evils of Kulin
-Brahminism, widow marriage prohibition, quackery, fanaticism,
-have been depicted by it with great effect.</p>
-
-<p class='c001'>Nor has the system of Indigo planting escaped
-notice: hence the origin of this work, the <span class='sc'>Nil Darpan</span>,
-which, though exhibiting no marvellous or very tragic
-scenes, yet, in simple homely language, gives the “annals
-of the poor;” pleads the cause of those who are the
-feeble; it describes a respectable ryot, a peasant proprietor,
-happy with his family in the enjoyment of his land till the
-Indigo System compelled him to take advances, to neglect his
-own land, to cultivate crops which beggared him, reducing him
-to the condition of a serf and a vagabond; the effect of this
-on his home, children, and relatives are pointed out in language,
-plain but true; it shows how arbitrary power debases the lord
-as well as the peasant; reference is also made to the partiality
-of various Magistrates in favor of Planters and to the Act of
-last year penally enforcing Indigo contracts.</p>
-
-<p class='c001'><span class='pageno' id='Page_iv'>iv</span>Attention has of late years been directed by Christian
-Philanthropists to the condition of the ryots of Bengal, their
-teachers, and the oppression which they suffer, and the conclusion
-arrived at is, that there is little prospect or possibility
-of ameliorating the mental, moral, or spiritual condition of the
-ryot without giving him security of landed-tenure. If the
-Bengal ryot is to be treated as a serf, or a mere squatter or
-day-labourer, the missionary, the school-master, even the
-Developer of the resources of India, will find their work like
-that of Sisyphus—vain and useless.</p>
-
-<p class='c001'>Statistics have proved that in France, Switzerland, Holland,
-Belgium, Sweden, Denmark, Saxony, the education of the
-peasant, along with the security of tenure he enjoys on his
-small farms, has encouraged industrious, temperate, virtuous,
-and cleanly habits, fostered a respect for property, increased
-social comforts, cherished a spirit of healthy and active
-independence, improved the cultivation of the land, lessened
-pauperism, and has rendered the people averse to revolution,
-and friends of order. Even Russia is carrying out a
-grand scheme of serf-emancipation in this spirit.</p>
-
-<p class='c001'>It is the earnest wish of the writer of these lines that
-harmony may be speedily established between the Planter
-and the Ryot, that mutual interests may bind the two
-classes together, and that the European may be in the
-Mofussil the protecting Ægis of the peasants, who may be
-able “to sit each man under his mango and tamarind tree,
-none daring to make him afraid.”</p>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <span class='pageno' id='Page_v'>v</span>
- <h2 class='c007'>THE AUTHOR’S PREFACE.</h2>
-</div>
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-
-<p class='c008'>I present “The Indigo Planting Mirror” to the Indigo
-Planters’ hands; now, let every one of them, having observed
-his face, erase the freckle of the stain of selfishness
-from his forehead, and, in its stead, place on it the sandal
-powder of beneficence, then shall I think my labour successful,
-good fortune for the helpless class of ryots, and preservation
-of England’s honor. Oh, ye Indigo Planters! Your
-malevolent conduct has brought a stain upon the English
-Nation, which was so graced by the ever-memorable names of
-Sydney, Howard, Hall, and other great men. Is your desire
-for money so very powerful, that through the instigation
-of that vain wealth, you are engaged in making holes like
-rust in the long acquired and pure fame of the British
-people? Abstain now from that unjust conduct through
-which you are raising immense sums as your profits; and
-then the poor people, with their families, will be able to spend
-their days in ease. You are now-a-days purchasing things
-worth a hundred rupees by expending only ten;—and you
-well know what great trouble the ryots are suffering from that.
-Still you are not willing to make that known, being entirely
-given up to the acquisition of money. You say, that some
-amongst you give donations to schools, and also medicine in time
-of need—but the Planters’ donations to schools are more odious
-than the application of the shoe for the destruction of a milch
-cow, and their grants of medicine are like unto mixing the inspissated
-milk in the cup of poison. If the application of a little
-turpentine after being beat by Shamchand,<a id='r1' /><a href='#f1' class='c009'><sup>[1]</sup></a> be forming a dispensary,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_vi'>vi</span>then it may be said that in every factory there is a
-dispensary. The Editors of two daily newspapers are filling
-their columns with your praises; and whatever other people may
-think, you never enjoy pleasure from it, since you know fully the
-reason of their so doing. What a surprising power of attraction
-silver has? The detestable Judas gave the great Preacher of
-the Christian religion, Jesus, into the hands of odious Pilate
-for the sake of thirty rupees; what wonder then, if the proprietors
-of two newspapers, becoming enslaved by the hope of
-gaining one thousand rupees, throw the poor helpless people of
-this land into the terrible grasp of your mouths. But <em>misery
-and happiness revolve like a wheel</em>, and that the sun of happiness
-is about to shed his light on the people of this country,
-is becoming very probable. The most kind-hearted Queen Victoria,
-the mother of the people, thinking it unadvisable to suckle
-her children through maid-servants, has now taken them on
-her own lap to nourish them. The most learned, intelligent,
-brave, and open-hearted Lord Canning is now the Governor-General
-of India; Mr. Grant, who always suffers in the sufferings
-of his people, and is happy when they are happy, who
-punishes the wicked and supports the good, has taken charge of
-the Lieutenant-Governorship, and other persons, as Messrs. Eden,
-Herschel, etc., who are, all well-known for their love of truth, for
-their great experience and strict impartiality, are continually expanding
-themselves lotus-like on the surface of the lake of the
-Civil Service. Therefore, it is becoming fully evident that these
-great men will very soon take hold of the rod of justice in order
-to stop the sufferings which the ryots are enduring from the
-great giant <em>Rahu</em>, the Indigo Planter.</p>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
- <span class='pageno' id='Page_vii'>vii</span>
- <h2 class='c007'>PERSONS OF THE DRAMA.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id003'>
-<img src='images/fancybar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='c003'></div>
-<ul style="list-style: none;">
-<li><span class='sc'>Goluk Chunder Basu.</span></li>
-<li><span class='multiline sc'>Nobin Madhab<br />Bindu Madhab</span><img class="multiline" src="images/rightbracket3.jpg" width="11" height="40" alt="" /> <span class='multiline'><i>Sons of Goluk Chunder</i>.</span></li>
-<li><span class='sc'>Sadhu Churn</span>—<em>A neighbouring Ryot</em>.</li>
-<li><span class='sc'>Ray Churn</span>—<em>Sadhu’s brother</em>.</li>
-<li><span class='sc'>Gopi Churn Das</span>—<em>The Dewan</em>.</li>
-<li><span class='multiline sc'>J. J. Wood<br />P. P. Rose</span><img class="multiline" src="images/rightbracket3.jpg" width="11" height="40" alt="" /><span class='multiline'><i>Indigo Planters</i>.</span></li>
-<li><span class='sc'>The Amin or Land Measurer.</span></li>
-<li><span class='sc'>A Khalasi</span>, <em>a Tent-pitcher</em>.</li>
-<li><span class='sc'>Taidgir</span>—<em>Native Superintendent of Indigo Cultivation</em>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class='c010'>Magistrate, Amla, Attorney, Deputy Inspector, Pundit,
-Keeper of the Gaol, Doctor, a Cow-keeper, a Native Doctor,
-Four Boys, a Latyal or Club-man, and a Herdsman.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
- <div class='nf-center'>
- <div><span class='large'>WOMEN.</span></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='lg-container-l c011'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Sabitri</span>—<em>Wife of Goluk Chunder</em>.</div>
- <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Soirindri</span>—<em>Wife of Nobin</em>.</div>
- <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Saralota</span>—<em>Wife of Bindu Madhab</em>.</div>
- <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Reboti</span>—<em>Wife of Sadhu Churn</em>.</div>
- <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Khetromani</span>—<em>Daughter of Sadhu</em>.</div>
- <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Aduri</span>—<em>Maid-servant in Goluk Chunder’s house</em>.</div>
- <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Podi Moyrani</span>—<em>A Sweetmeat Maker</em>.</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
- <span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span>
- <h2 class='c007'>FIRST ACT—FIRST SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>Svaropur—Goluk Chunder’s Gola or Store-house.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Goluk Chunder Basu</span> <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Sadhu Churn</span> <em>sitting</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sadhu.</i> Master I told you then we cannot live any more
-in this country. You did not hear me however. <em>A poor
-man’s word bears fruit after the lapse of years.</em></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Goluk.</i> O my child! Is it easy to leave one’s country?
-My family has been here for seven generations. The lands
-which our fore-fathers rented have enabled us never to acknowledge
-ourselves servants of others. The rice which grows,
-provides food for the whole year, means of hospitality to guests,
-and also the expense of religious services; the mustard seed
-we get, supplies oil for the whole year, and, besides, we can sell
-it for about sixty or seventy rupees. Svaropur is not a place
-where people are in want.—It has rice, peas, oil, molasses
-from its fields, vegetables in the garden, and fish from
-the tanks;—whose heart is not torn when obliged to leave
-such a place? And who can do that easily?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Now it is no more a place of happiness: your garden
-is already gone, and your relatives are on the point of forsaking
-you. Ah! it is not yet three years since the Saheb took a lease
-of this place, and he has already ruined the whole village. We
-cannot bear to turn our eyes in the southern direction towards
-the house of the heads of the villages (Mandal). Oh! what was
-it once, and what is it now! Three years ago, about sixty men
-used to make a daily feast in the house; there were ten ploughs,
-and about forty or fifty oxen; as to the court-yard, it was
-crowded like as at the horse races; when they used to
-arrange the ricks of corn, it appeared, as it were, that the
-lotus had expanded itself on the surface of a lake bordered
-by sandal groves; the granary was as large as a hill; but
-last year the granary not being repaired, was on the point of
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_6'>6</span>falling into the yard. Because he was not allowed to plant
-Indigo in the rice-field, the wicked Saheb beat the <em>Majo</em> and
-<em>Sajo</em> Babus most severely; and how very difficult was it to
-get them out of his clutches; the ploughs and kine were sold,
-and at that crisis the two Mandals left the village.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Goluk.</i> Did not the eldest Mandal go to bring his brethren
-back?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> They said, we would rather beg from door
-to door than go to live there again. The eldest Mandal is
-now left alone, and he has kept two ploughs, which are nearly
-always engaged in the Indigo-fields. And even this person
-is making preparations for flying off. Oh, Sir! I tell
-you also to throw aside this infatuated attachment (<em>maya</em>)
-for your native place. Last time your rice went, and this
-time, your honour will go.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Goluk.</i> What honor remains to us now? The Planter
-has prepared his places of cultivation round about the
-tank, and will plant Indigo there this year. In that case, our
-women will be entirely excluded from the tank. And also
-the Saheb has said that if we do not cultivate our rice-fields
-with Indigo, he will make Nobin Madhab to drink the
-water of seven Factories (<i>i. e.</i> to be confined in them).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Has not the eldest Babu gone to the Factory?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Goluk.</i> Has he gone of his own will? The pyeadah
-(a servant) has carried him off there.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> But your eldest Babu has very great courage.
-On the day the Saheb said, “If you don’t hear the Amin, and
-don’t plant the Indigo within the ground marked off, then shall
-we throw your houses into the river Betraboti, and shall
-make you eat your rice in the factory godown;“ the
-eldest Babu replied, “As long as we shall not get the price
-for the fifty bigahs of land sown with Indigo last year, we
-will not give one bigah this year for Indigo. What do we
-care for our house? We shall even risk (pawn) our lives.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_7'>7</span><i>Goluk.</i> What could he have done, without he said that?
-Just see, no anxiety would have remained in our family if the
-fifty bigahs of rice produce had been left with us. And if
-they give us the money for the Indigo, the greater part of our
-troubles will go away.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='sc'>Nobin Madhab</span> <em>enters.</em></p>
-
-<p class='c010'>O my son, What has been done?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Sir, <em>does the cobra shrink from biting the little
-child on the lap of its mother on account of the sorrow of the
-mother</em>? I flattered him much, but: he understood nothing
-by that. He kept to his word, and said, give us sixty
-bigahs of land, secured by written documents, and take 50
-Rupees, then we shall close the two years’ account at once.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Goluk.</i> Then, if we are to give sixty bigahs for the cultivation
-of the Indigo, we cannot engage in any other cultivation
-whatever. Then we shall die without rice crops.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> I said, “Saheb, as you engage all your men, our
-ploughs, and our kine, every thing, in the Indigo field, only
-give us every year through our food. We don’t want hire.”
-On which, he with a laugh said, “You surely don’t eat
-Yaban’s<a id='r2' /><a href='#f2' class='c009'><sup>[2]</sup></a> rice.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Those whose only pay is a belly full of food are,
-I think, happier than we are.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Goluk.</i> We have nearly abandoned all the ploughs; still
-we have to cultivate Indigo. We have no chance in a
-dispute with the Sahebs. They bind and beat us, it
-is for us to suffer. We are consequently obliged to work.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> I shall do as you order, Sir; but my design is
-for once to bring action into Court.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span><span class='sc'>Aduri</span> <em>enters.</em></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Our Mistress is making noise within; the day is
-far advanced; will you not go to bathe, and take your
-food. The boiled rice is very near become dry.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> (<em>Standing up.</em>) Sir, decide something about
-this, or I shall die. If we give the labour of one-and-a-half of
-our ploughs for the cultivation of nine bigahs of Indigo-fields,
-our boiling pots of rice will go empty. Now, I am going
-away, Sir, farewell, our oldest Babu.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Sadhu goes away.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Goluk.</i> We don’t think that God will any more allow us
-to bathe and to take food in this land. Now, my son, go
-and bathe.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>All go away.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c015'>FIRST ACT—SECOND SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The House of Sadhu Churn.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Ray Churn</span> <em>enters with his plough</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Ray.</i> (<em>Holding his plough.</em>) The stupid Amin is a tiger.
-The violence with which he came upon me! Oh my God! I
-thought that he was coming to devour me. That villain did
-not hear a single word and with force he marked off the
-ground. If they take five bigahs of land, what will my
-family eat. First, we will shed tears before them; if they
-don’t let us alone, as a matter of course, we shall leave the
-country.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='sc'>Khetromani</span> <em>enters</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>Is my brother come home?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Khetra.</i> Father is gone to the house of the Babu’s and is
-coming very soon. Will you not go to call my aunt?
-What were you talking about?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span><i>Ray.</i> I am talking of nothing. Now, bring me a little
-water, my stomach is on the point of bursting from thirst.
-I told my brother-in-law<a id='r3' /><a href='#f3' class='c009'><sup>[3]</sup></a> so much, but he did not
-hear me.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Sadhu</span> <em>enters, and</em> <span class='sc'>Khetromani</span> <em>goes away</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sadhu.</i> Ray, why did you come so early?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Ray.</i> O my brother, the vile Amin has marked off the piece
-of ground in Sanpoltola. What shall we eat; and how
-shall I pass the year? Ah, our land was bright as the golden
-champah.<a id='r4' /><a href='#f4' class='c009'><sup>[4]</sup></a> By the produce of only one corner of the field,
-we satisfied the mahajans. What shall we eat now, and
-what shall our children take? This large family may die
-without food. Every morning two <em>recas</em> (nearly 5 lbs) of
-rice are necessary. What shall we eat then? Oh, my Ill-fortune!
-Ill-fortune (burnt forehead)! what has the Indigo of
-this white man done?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> We were living in the hope of cultivating those
-bigahs of land; and now, if these are gone, than what use is
-there of remaining here any more. And the one or two bigahs
-which are become saltish, they yield no produce. Again, the
-ploughs are to remain in the Indigo-field; and what can we
-do. Don’t weep now; to-morrow we shall sell off the ploughs
-and cows, leave this village, and go and live in the Zemindary
-of Babu Basanta.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Khetromani</span> <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Reboti</span> <em>enter with water</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Now, drink the water, drink the water; what do you fear?
-He who has given life, will provide also food. Now, what did
-you say to the Amin?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Ray.</i> What can I say? He began to mark off the ground,
-on which it seemed as if he began to <em>thrust burnt sticks</em>
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span><em>into my breast</em>, I entreated, holding him by his feet, and
-wanted to give him money; but he heard nothing. He said,
-go to your eldest Babu; go to your father. When I returned,
-I only punished him with saying, “I shall bring this before
-the Court.”</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div>(<em>Seeing the Amin at a distance.</em>)</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Just see, that villain (<em>Shálá</em>) is coming; he has brought
-servants with him, and will take us to the Factory.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>The</em> <span class='sc'>Amin</span> <em>and the two Servants enter</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Amin.</i> Bind the hands of this villain.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Ray Churn is bound by the two Servants.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Reboti.</i> Oh! What is this? Why do they bind him?
-What ruin! What ruin! (<em>to Sadhu</em>) Why do you stand
-looking on? Go to the house of the Babus, and call the eldest
-Babu here.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Amin.</i> (<em>To Sadhu.</em>) Where shalt thou go now? You are
-also to go with me. To take advances is not the business of
-Ray. We shall have much to bear with if we are to make
-signature by cross marks. And because you know how to read
-and to write, therefore you must go and make the signatures
-in the Factory Account-book.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Sir, do you call this giving advances for Indigo;
-would it not be better to call it the <em>cramming down</em> Indigo?<a id='r5' /><a href='#f5' class='c009'><sup>[5]</sup></a>
-Oh! my Ill-fortune, you are still with me. That very blow
-through fear of which I fled, I have to bear again. This land
-was as the Kingdom of Rama before Indigo was established;
-but the ignorant fool is become a beggar, and famine has
-come upon the land.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Amin.</i> (<em>To himself observing Khetromani.</em>) This
-young woman is not bad-looking; if our younger Saheb
-can get her, he will, with his whole heart, take her. But
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span>while I was unable to succeed in getting a peshkar’s (overseer’s)
-post by giving him my own sister, what can I expect
-from getting him this woman; but still she is very beautiful;
-I will try.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Khetra, go into the room.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Khetromani goes away.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Amin.</i> Now, Sadhu, if you want to come in a proper
-manner, come with me to the Factory.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Going forward.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Reboti.</i> Oh Amin! have you no wife nor children? Have
-you kept only the plough and this beating (<i>márpit</i>)? Did
-he not want to drink a little water? By this time he ought to
-take a second meal, how can he then, without taking any food,
-go to the Saheb’s house which is at such a distance. I ask
-for the Saheb’s grace; just let him have some food; and then
-take him away. Oh! he is so very much troubled for his wife
-and his children. Oh! he is shedding tears, his face is become
-dry. What are you doing? To what a burnt-up land
-am I come? Destruction has come upon me both in life and
-money. Oh! Oh! Oh! I am gone both in life and money.
-(<em>Weeps.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Amin.</i> Oh, stupid woman! Now stop your grunting.
-If you want to give water, bring it soon; else I shall take
-him away. (<em>Ray Churn drinks water; exit all.</em>)</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>FIRST ACT—THIRD SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Factory of Begunbari. The Veranda of the large Bungalow.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>J. J. Wood</span> <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Gopi Churn Das</span>, <em>the Dewan</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Gopi.</i> What fault have I done, my Lord? You are
-observing me day by day. I begin to move about early in the
-morning, and return home at three o’Clock in the afternoon.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span>Again, immediately after taking dinner, I sit down to look over
-papers about Indigo advances; and that takes my time to
-twelve and sometimes to one o’Clock in the night.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> You, rascal, are very inexperienced. There are no
-advances made in Svaropur, Shamanagar, and Santighata
-villages. You will never learn without Shamchand, (the
-leather strap).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> My Lord I am your servant. It is through favour
-only that you have raised me from the <em>peshkári</em> business to
-the Dewani. You are my only Lord, you can either kill
-me or can cut me in pieces. Certain powerful enemies have
-arisen against this Factory; and without their punishment,
-there is no cultivation of Indigo.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> How can I punish without knowing them? As
-for money, horses, latyals (club-men), I have a sufficiency;
-can they not be punished by these? The former Dewan made
-known to me about those enemies. You do not. I have
-scourged those wicked people, taken away their kine, and
-kept their wives in confinement, which is a very severe
-punishment for them. You are a very great fool; you know
-nothing at all. The business of the Dewan is not that of the
-Kayt caste; I shall drive you off, and give the business to a
-Keaot.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> My Lord, although I am by caste a Káystha, I do
-my work like a Keaot (a shoe-maker). The service which I
-have rendered in stopping the rice cultivation and making
-the Indigo to grow in the field of the Mollahs, and also to take
-(<em>lákhraj</em>) his rent-free lands of seven generations from
-Goluk Chunder Bose, and to take away the iron crow<a id='r6' /><a href='#f6' class='c009'><sup>[6]</sup></a> from
-the Government; the work I have done for these, I can dare
-say, can never be done by a Keaot (a shoemaker). It is my
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_13'>13</span>ill-fortune only (evil forehead) that I don’t get the least praise
-for doing so much.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> That fool, Nobin Madhab, wants the whole account
-settled. I shall not give him a single cowrie. That fellow
-is very well versed in the affairs of the Court; but I shall
-see, how that braggart takes the advances from me.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Sir, he is one of the principal enemies of this
-Factory. The burning down of Polasapore would never have
-been proved, had Nobin no concern in the matter. That
-fool himself prepared the draft of the petition; and it
-was through his advice and intrigues that the Attorney
-so turned the mind of the Judge. Again, it was through
-his intrigues that our former Dewan was confined for two
-years. I forbade him, saying, “Babu Nobin, don’t act against
-our Saheb; and, especially as he has not burnt your house.”
-To which he replied, “I have enlisted myself in order to save
-the poor ryots. I shall think myself highly rewarded, if I can
-preserve one poor ryot from the tortures of the cruel Indigo
-Planters; and throwing this Dewan into prison, I shall have
-compensation for my garden.” That braggart is become
-like a Christian Missionary; and I cannot say what preparations
-he is making this time.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> You are afraid. Did I not tell you at first, you
-are very ignorant? No work is to be done through you.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Saheb, what signs of fear hast thou seen in
-me? When I have entered on this Indigo profession, I have
-thrown off all fear, shame, and honor; and the destroying
-of cows, of Brahmins, of women, and the burning down of
-houses are become my ornaments, and I now lie down in bed
-keeping the jail as my pillow (<em>thinking of it</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> I do not want words, but works.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Sadhu Ray</span>, <em>the</em> <span class='sc'>Amin</span>, <em>and the two Servants enter, making salams</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Why are this wicked fool’s hands bound with cords?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_14'>14</span><i>Gopi.</i> My Lord, this Sadhu Churn is a head ryot;
-but through the enticement of Nobin Bose he has been led
-to engage in the destruction of Indigo.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> My Lord, I do nothing unjust against your
-Indigo, nor am I doing now, neither have I power to do
-any thing wrong; willingly or unwillingly I have prepared
-the Indigo, and also I am ready to make it this time. But
-then, every thing has its probability and improbability; if
-you want to make powder of eight inches’ thickness to enter
-a pipe half-an-inch thick, will it not burst? I am a poor
-ryot, keep only one-and-a-half ploughs, have only twenty
-bigahs of land for cultivation; and now, if I am to give nine
-bigahs out of that for Indigo, that must occasion my death,
-but my Lord, what is that to you, it is only my death.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> The Saheb fears lest you keep him confined in the
-godown of your eldest Babu.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Now, Sir Dewanji, <em>what you say is striking
-a corpse</em> (useless labor). What mite am I that I shall imprison
-the Saheb, the mighty and glorious.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Sadhu, now away with your high flown language;
-it does not sound well on the tongue of a peasant; it is like a
-sweeper’s broom touching the body.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Now the rascal is become very wise.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Amin.</i> That fool explains the laws and magistrate’s orders
-to the common people, and thus raises confusion. His
-brother draws the ploughshare, and he uses the high word
-<em>pratápsháli</em> “glorious.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> The child of the preparer of cow-dung balls is
-become a Court Naeb (deputy). My Lord, the establishment
-of schools in villages has increased the violence of the ryots.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> I shall write to our Indigo Planters’ Association
-to make a petition to the Government for stopping the
-schools in villages; we shall fight to secure stopping the
-schools.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_15'>15</span><i>Amin.</i> That fool wants to bring the case into Court.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> (<em>To Sadhu</em>) You are very wicked. You have
-twenty bigahs, of which, if you employ nine bigahs for
-Indigo, why can’t you cultivate the other nine bigahs for rice.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> My Lord, the debt which is credited to him can be
-made use of for bringing the whole twenty bigahs within our
-own power.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> (<em>To himself</em>) O oh! <em>the witness for the spirit-seller
-is the drunkard?</em> (<em>Openly</em>) If the nine bigahs which
-are marked off for the cultivation of the Indigo were worked
-by the plough and kine of the Factory, then can I
-use the other nine bigahs for rice. The work which is to
-be done in the rice-field is only a fourth of that which is
-necessary in the Indigo-field, consequently if I am to remain
-engaged in these nine bigahs, the remaining eleven bigahs
-will be without cultivation.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> You, dolt, are very wicked, you scoundrel
-(<em>háramjádá</em>); you must take the money in advance; you
-must cultivate the land; you are a very scoundrel (<em>kicks
-him</em>). You shall leave off every thing when you meet
-with Shamchand (<em>takes Shamchand from the wall.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> My Lord, <em>the hand is only blackened by killing
-a fly</em>, <em>i. e.</em>, your beating me only injures you. I am too mean.
-We—</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Ray.</i> (<em>Angrily</em>) O my brother, you had better stop; let
-them take what they can; our very stomach is on the point of
-falling down from hunger. The whole day is passed, we have
-not yet been able either to bathe or to take our food.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Amin.</i> O rascal, where is your Court now? (<em>Twists his
-ears</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Ray.</i> (<em>With violent panting</em>). I now die! My mother!
-my mother!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Beat that “bloody nigger,” (<em>beats with Shamchand,
-the leather strap</em>).</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_16'>16</span><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Nobin Madhab</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Ray.</i> O thou Babu! I am dying! Give me some water.
-I am just dead!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Saheb they have not bathed, neither have they
-taken the least food. The members of their family have not
-yet washed their faces. If you thus destroy your ryots by flogging
-them, who will prepare your Indigo? This Sadhu Churn
-prepared the produce of about four bigahs last year with the
-greatest trouble possible; and if with such severe beatings
-you make such cruel advances to them, that is only your loss.
-For this day give them leave, and to-morrow I myself shall
-bring them with me, and do as thou do’st bid me.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Attend to your own business. What concern have
-you with another’s affairs. Sadhu, give your opinion quickly,
-as it is my dinner time.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> What is the use of waiting for my opinion? You
-have already marked off the four bigahs of the most productive
-land; and the Amin has, to-day, marked off the remaining
-part. The land is marked without my consent, the Indigo
-shall be prepared in the same way; and I also agree to
-prepare it without taking any advances.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Do you say my advances are all fictitious you
-cursed wretch, bastard and heretic, (<em>beats him</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> (<em>Covers with his hand the back of Sadhu</em>). My
-Lord, this poor man has many to support in his family.
-Owing to the beating he has got, I think, he will be confined in
-bed for a month. Oh! What pains his family is suffering?
-Sir, you have also your family. Now, what sorrow would
-affect the mind of your wife if you were taken prisoner at
-your dinner-time?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Be silent thou fool, braggart, low fellow, cow-eater.
-Don’t think that this Magistrate is like that one of Amaranagara,
-that you can, for every word, lay complaints before him,
-and imprison the men of the Factory. The Magistrate of
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_17'>17</span>Indrabad is as death to you. You rascal, you must
-first give me a hand-note to state you have received
-the advance for sixty bigahs of land, or else I shall not
-let you go this day. I shall break your head with this
-Shamchand, you stupid. It is owing to your not taking advances,
-that I have not been able to force advances on ten
-other villages.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> (<em>With heavy sighs.</em>) O my Mother Earth! separate
-yourself that I may enter into you. In my life I never
-suffered such an insult. O, oh!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Babu Nobin, better go home, no use of making fuss.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Sadhu, call on God, He is the only support of the
-helpless.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Nobin Madhab goes away.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Wood.</i> Thou slave of the slave. Take him to the Factory,
-Dewan, and give him the advance according to rule.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Wood goes away.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Gopi.</i> Sadhu, come along to the Factory. Does the Saheb
-forget his words?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>Now <em>ashes have fallen on your ready-made rice</em>; the
-Yama<a id='r7' /><a href='#f7' class='c009'><sup>[7]</sup></a> of Indigo has attacked you, and you have no safety.</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>FIRST ACT—FOURTH SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>Goluk Chunder Basu’s Hall.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Soirindri</span> <em>preparing a hair-string</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> I never did prepare such a piece of hair-string.
-The youngest Bou<a id='r8' /><a href='#f8' class='c009'><sup>[8]</sup></a> is the most fortunate, since
-whatever I do in her name proves successful. The hair-string
-I have made, is the thinnest possible. According to
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_18'>18</span>the hair, the hair-string is made. Oh! how beautiful the hair
-is; it is like unto that of the Goddess Kali. The face
-is as the lotus, always smiling. People may say whatever
-they choose to one whom they do not like. I don’t
-attend to that. For my part, I feel pleasure when I see the
-face of the youngest Bou. I consider the youngest Bou in
-the same light, as I do Bipin. The youngest Bou loves me
-as her own mother.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='sc'>Saralota</span> <em>enters with a braid in her hand</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> My sister, just see whether I have been able to
-make the under part of this braid? Is it not made?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>Seeing the braid.</em>) Yes, now it is well made.
-O! my sister, this part is made somewhat bad; the yellow
-does not look well after the red colour.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> I wove it by observing your braid.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Is the yellow after the red in that?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> No; in that the green is after the red. But
-because my green thread is finished, therefore I placed the
-yellow after that.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> You were not able, I see, to wait for the
-market-day. I see, my sister, every thing is in haste with you.
-As it is said, “<em>Hurry is in Brindabun; but as soon as the
-desire rises, there is no more waiting.</em>”<a id='r9' /><a href='#f9' class='c009'><sup>[9]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Oh! What fault have I committed for that?
-Can that be got in the market? At the last market-day, my
-mother-in-law sent for it; but that was not got.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> When they write a letter this time to my
-husband’s brother, we shall send to ask for threads of various
-colours.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Sister, how many days are there still remaining
-of this <a id='corr18.31'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='month.'>month?</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_18.31'><ins class='correction' title='month.'>month?</ins></a></span></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_19'>19</span><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>Laughingly.</em>) On the place where the pain
-is, the hand touches. As soon as his<a id='r10' /><a href='#f10' class='c009'><sup>[10]</sup></a> College closes, he
-shall come home, therefore you are counting the days. Ah!
-my sister, your mind’s words are come out.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> I say truly, my sister; I never meant that.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> How very good-natured our Bindu Madhab is?
-His words are honey. When we hear his letters read, they
-<em>rain like drops of nectar</em>. I never saw such love towards
-one’s brother as his; and also his brother shows the greatest
-affection for him. When he hears the name of Bindu Madhab,
-his heart overflows with joy, and it becomes, as it were,
-expanded. Also, as he is, so our Saralota is, (<em>pressing Saralota’s
-cheek</em>) Saralota is <em>as honesty itself</em> (<em>Saralota</em>). Have
-I not brought with me my huká? I see, that as I
-cannot remain without it for a moment, that is the first
-thing which I have forgotten to bring along with me.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Aduri</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Aduri, will you just go and bring me some ashes of
-tobacco?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Where shall I now seek for it?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> It is stuck on the thatched roof of the cook-room,
-on the right side of the steps leading into the room.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Then, let me bring the ladder from the threshing
-floor; else how can I reach to the roof?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Very well.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Why can she not understand our mother-in-law’s
-word? Don’t you understand what steps are, and what
-Dain<a id='r11' /><a href='#f11' class='c009'><sup>[11]</sup></a> signifies?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Why shall I become a Dain; it is my fate. <em>As
-soon as a poor woman becomes old and her teeth fall out</em>
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_20'>20</span><em>she is immediately called a Dain.</em> I shall speak of this to
-our mistress; am I become so old as to be called a Dain?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>Rising up.</em>) Youngest Bou, sit down, I am
-coming; to-day we shall hear the Betal of Vidyeasagar.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Soirindri goes away.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Aduri.</i> That Sagar allows marriage to the widows; fie!
-fie! Are there not two parties to that? I am of the Ajah’s<a id='r12' /><a href='#f12' class='c009'><sup>[12]</sup></a>
-party.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Aduri, did your husband love you well?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> O young Haldarni, do not raise that word of sorrow
-now. Even up to this day, when his face comes before
-my mind’s eye, my heart, as it were, bursts with sorrow.
-He loved me very much. And he even wanted to give me a
-daughter-in-law. He even did not give me time to sleep.
-Whenever I felt drowsy, he said, “O my love, are you
-sleeping.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Did you call him by his name?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Fie! fie! fie! The husband is one’s Lord. Is it
-proper to call him by his name?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Then, how did you call him?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> I used to say, “O! do you hear me.”</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Soirindri</span> <em>again</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> Who has irritated this fool again?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> She was inquiring after my husband, therefore
-I was speaking with her.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>Laughing.</em>) I never saw a greater fool than
-this our youngest Bou. While having so many subjects of
-talk, still you are exciting Aduri in order to hear from her
-about her husband.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_21'>21</span><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Reboti</span> <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Khetromani</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Welcome, my dear sister, I have been sending for you for
-these many days; still I see, you don’t get time to come. O
-our youngest Bou, here take your Khetra; here she is come.
-She was troubling me for these days, saying, My sister
-Khetra, of the Ghose family, is come from her father-in-law’s
-house; then, why is she not yet coming to our house?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Yes, such is your love towards us. Khetra,
-bow down before your aunt.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Khetromani bows down.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> Remain with your husband for life; wear
-vermillion even in your white hair; let your iron circlet<a id='r13' /><a href='#f13' class='c009'><sup>[13]</sup></a>
-continue for ever, and the next time you go to your father-in-law’s
-house, take your new-born son with you.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> The young Haldarni speaks most fluently before
-me; but this young girl bowed down before her; and she
-spoke not a single word.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Oh! what of that. Aduri, just go and call
-our mother-in-law here.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<i>Aduri goes out.</i>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>The fool knows not what she says. For how many months
-is she<a id='r14' /><a href='#f14' class='c009'><sup>[14]</sup></a> with child?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Did I yet express that? The bad turn of my
-fortune (<em>broken forehead</em>) is such, that I yet cannot say
-whether that is actually the case or not? It is because that
-you are very familiar with us, that I tell it you: at the
-end of this month she will be in her fourth month.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Khetra, why did you cut off the curls of your
-hair?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Khetro.</i> The elder brother of my husband was much
-displeased at seeing the curls in my hair. Our mistress said,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_22'>22</span>that curls agree best with prostitutes and women of rich
-families. I was so much ashamed at hearing his words, that
-from that very day I cut off my curls.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Youngest Bou, the shades of evening are
-spreading about; just go, my sister, and bring the clothes.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Aduri</span> <em>again</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Saralota.</i> (<em>Standing up.</em>) Aduri, come with me; let us
-go up, and bring down the clothes.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Let young Haldar first come home, ha! ha! ha!</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Ashamed, Saralota goes away.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>With anger, yet laughing.</em>) Go thou unfortunate
-fool; at every word, you joke. Where is my mother-in-law?</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enters</em> <span class='sc'>Sabitri</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Yes, she is come.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Ghose Bou, art thou come, and hast thou brought
-your daughter with you? Yes, you have done well. Bipin
-was making noise, therefore, I sent him out and am come
-here.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> My mother, I bow down before you. Khetra, bow
-down before your grand-mother. (<em>Khetromani bows down.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Be happy, be the mother of seven sons.
-(<em>Coughing aside.</em>) My eldest Bou, just go into the room,
-I think my son is up. Oh! my son has no regular time for
-bathing, neither for taking food. My Nobin is become very
-weak by mere vain thoughts—(<em>aside</em>, “Aduri”) Oh! my
-daughter, go in soon, I think, he is asking for water.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>Aside, to Aduri.</em>) Aduri, calling for you.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Calling for me, but asking for you.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Thou burnt-faced. Sister Ghose meet me
-another day.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Soirindri.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_23'>23</span><i>Reboti.</i> O my mother, here is none else. Some great
-danger has fallen upon me, that Podi Moyrani came to our
-house yesterday.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Rama! Rama! Rama! who allows that nasty
-fool to enter his house? What is left of her virtue? She
-has only to write her name in the public notices.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> My mother, but what shall I do! My house is
-not an enclosed one. When our males go to take dinner
-outside, the house is no more a house; but you may call
-it a mart. That strumpet says (I do shrink at the thought),
-she says, that the young Saheb is become, as it were, mad
-at seeing Khetromani; and wants to see her in the Factory.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Fye! fye! fye! bad smell of the onion! Can
-we go to the Saheb. Fye! fye! bad smell of the onion! I
-shall never be out any more alone. I can bear every other
-thing, but the smell of the onion I can never bear. Fye!
-fye! bad smell of the onion!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> But, my mother, is not the virtue of the poor
-actual virtue? That fool<a id='r15' /><a href='#f15' class='c009'><sup>[15]</sup></a> says, he will give money, give
-grants of lands for the cultivation of rice; and also give
-some employment to our son-in-law. Fie! fie! to money. Is
-virtue something to be sold? Has it any price? What can
-I say? That fool was an agent of the Saheb, or else I would
-have broken her mouth with one kick. My daughter is become
-thunder-struck from yesterday; and now and then, she is
-starting with fear.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Oh, the Beard! When he speaks, it is like a
-he-goat twisting about its mouth. For my part, I would
-never be able to go there as long as he does not leave off
-his onions and beard. Fie! fie! fie! the bad smell of the
-onion.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Mother, again that unfortunate fool says, if you
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_24'>24</span>do not send her with me, I shall take her away by certain
-<a id='corr24.1'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='latyals'>latyals.</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_24.1'><ins class='correction' title='latyals'>latyals.</ins></a></span></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> What more is the Burmese (Mug) power? Can
-anyone take away a woman from a house in the British
-Dominion?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> O my Mother! Every violence can be committed
-in the ryot’s house. Taking away the women, they bring
-the men under their power. In giving advances for Indigo
-they can do this; only they cannot commit this before one’s
-eyes. Don’t you know, my mother, the other day, because
-certain parties did not agree to sign a fictitious receipt of
-advances, they broke down their house and took away by force
-the wife of one of the Babus.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> What anarchy is this! Did you inform Sadhu
-of <a id='corr24.15'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='this.'>this?</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_24.15'><ins class='correction' title='this.'>this?</ins></a></span></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> No, my mother. He is already become mad on
-account of the Indigo; again, if he hear this, will he keep
-quiet? Through excessive anger he will rather smite his head
-with the axe.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Very well, I shall make this known to Sadhu,
-through my husband; you need not say anything. What
-misfortune is this! The Indigo Planters can do anything.
-Then why do I hear it generally said, that the Sahebs are
-strict in dispensing justice. Again, my son Bindu Madhab
-speaks much in praise of them. Therefore I think that
-<em>these are not Sahebs</em>; no, <em>they are the dregs</em>, (<em>Chandál</em>) <em>of
-Sahebs</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Respecting another word which Moyrani has said,
-I think the eldest Babu has not heard of it—that a new
-order has been proclaimed, by which the wicked Sahebs, by
-opening a communication with the Magistrate, can throw any
-one into prison for six months; again, that they are making
-preparations for doing the same with the Babus.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_25'>25</span><i>Sabitri.</i> (<em>Sighing deeply.</em>) If this be in the mind of God
-it will be.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Many other things she said, my mother; but I
-was not able to understand her. Is it the fact, that there is
-no appeal when once a person is imprisoned?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> I think, the wretch has aggravated this imprisoning.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Aduri, be silent a little, my child.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Moreover, the wife of the Indigo Planter, in order
-to make her husband’s case strong (<em>pakka</em>), has sent a letter
-to the Magistrate, since it is said that the Magistrate hears
-her words most attentively.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> I saw the lady; she has no shame at all. When
-the Magistrate of the Zillah (whose name occasions great
-terror) goes riding about through the village, the lady also
-rides on horseback, with him.—The Bou riding about on a
-horse! Because the aunt of Kesi once laughed before the elder
-brother of her husband, all people ridiculed her; while
-this was the Magistrate of the Zillah.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> I see, wretched woman, thou wilt occasion some
-great misfortune one day. Now it is evening, Ghose Bou,
-better go home. There is Durga.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Now, I go my mother. I shall buy some oil from
-the shop; then there will be light in the house.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Reboti and Khetromani.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sabitri.</i> Can’t you remain without speaking something at
-every word.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Saralota</span> <em>with clothes on her head</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Aduri.</i> Here, our washerwoman is come with her
-clothes.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Thou fool, why is she a washerwoman? <em>She is
-my Bou of gold, my Goddess of good Fortune</em> (<em>patting
-her back</em>). Is there no one in my family excepting you to
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_26'>26</span>bring down the clothes? Can’t you, for one dunda<a id='r16' /><a href='#f16' class='c009'><sup>[16]</sup></a> sit quiet
-in one place? Art thou born of such a mad woman? How
-did you tear off your cloth. I think you bruised yourself.
-Ah, her body is, as it were, a red lotus; and this one
-bruise has made the blood to come out with violence.
-Now, my daughter, I tell you, never move up and down the
-steps in the dark, in such a manner.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Soirindri</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> Now, our young Bou, let us go to the ghát.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Now, my daughters, while the evening light continues,
-you two together go and wash yourselves.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit all.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>SECOND ACT—FIRST SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Godown of Begunbari Factory.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Torapa and four other Ryots sitting.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Torapa.</i> Why do they not kill me at once? I can never
-show myself ungrateful. That eldest Babu, who has preserved
-my caste; he through whose influence I am living here;
-he, who by preserving my plough and the cows, is preserving
-my life,—shall I by giving false evidence throw the father of
-that Babu into prison? I can never do that; I would rather
-give my life.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>First Ryot.</i> <em>Before sticks there can be no words</em>; the
-stroke of Shamchand is a very terrible thrust. Have we
-a film on our eyes; did we not serve our eldest Babu?
-But, then, what can we do? If we do not give evidence
-they will never keep us as we are. Wood Saheb stood
-upon my breast and blood began to fall drop by drop. <em>And
-the feet of the horse were, as it were, the hoofs of the ox.</em></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_27'>27</span><i>Second Ryot.</i> Thrusting in the nails; don’t you know the
-nails which are stuck under the shoes worn by the Sahebs?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> (<em>Grinding his teeth with anger.</em>) Why do you
-speak of the nails? My heart is bursting with having seen
-this blood. What do I say? If I can once get him in the
-Vataramari field, with one slap I can raise him in the air;
-and at once put a stop to all his “gad dams” and other words
-of chastisement.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Third Ryot.</i> I am only a hireling, and keep men under
-me. When I heard about the plan which our master
-formed, I immediately refused to take any Indigo business
-on my hand, saying I shall never work for that.
-Why was I then confined in the godown? I thought that
-serving under him at this time, I shall be able to make a good
-collection and shall be able to attend to my friend; but I am
-rotting here in this place for five days, and again I am to go
-to that Andarabad.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Second Ryot.</i> I went to that Andarabad once or twice;
-as also to that Factory of Bhabnapore, every one speaks good
-of the Saheb of that place; that Saheb once sent me to the
-Court, then I saw many things pleasant in that place.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> Did he find any fault with you? The Saheb of
-Bhabnapore never raises a false disturbance. “<em>By speaking
-the truth, we shall ride on horseback.</em>” Had all Sahebs been
-of the same character with him, then none would have spoken
-ill of the Sahebs.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Second Ryot.</i> My heart over-flows with joy.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>Now his torturing is all put a stop to. In his godown
-there are now seven persons; one of them a child. The vile
-man has filled his house also with kine and calves. Oh,
-what robbery is he carrying on!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> As soon as they get a Saheb who is a good man
-they want to destroy him. They are holding a meeting to
-drive off the Magistrate.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_28'>28</span><i>Second Ryot.</i> I cannot understand whether they have
-found fault with the Magistrate of this or the other Zillah?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> He did not go to dine in the Factory. They
-prepared a dinner for the Magistrate, in order to get him
-within their power, but the Magistrate <em>concealed himself
-like a stolen cow</em>; he did not go to dinner. He is a
-person of a good family. Why should he go to the Indigo
-Planters? We have now understood, these Planters are the
-low people of Belata.<a id='r17' /><a href='#f17' class='c009'><sup>[17]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>First Ryot.</i> Then how did the late Governor Saheb go
-about all the Indigo Factories, being feasted like a bride-groom
-just before the celebration of the marriage.<a id='r18' /><a href='#f18' class='c009'><sup>[18]</sup></a> Did you not see
-that the Planter Sahebs brought him to this Factory well-adorned
-like a bride-groom?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Second Ryot.</i> I think he has some share in this Indigo
-Company.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> No! can the Governor take a share in Indigo
-affairs? He came to increase his fame. If God preserve
-our present Governor, then we shall be able to procure
-something for our sustenance; and the great burden of
-Indigo shall no more hang on our shoulders.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Third Ryot.</i> (<em>With fear.</em>) I die. If the ghost of this
-burden once attack a person, is it true that it does not quit
-him soon? My wife said so.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> Why have you brought this my brother here?
-For fear of the Sahebs, people are leaving the village; and
-my uncle Bochoroddi has formed the following sentence:</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b c016'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>“The man with eyes like those of the cat, is an ignorant fool;</div>
- <div class='line'>“So the Indigo of the Indigo Factory is an instrument of punishment.”</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_29'>29</span>Bochoroddi is very expert in forming such sentences.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Second Ryot.</i> Did not you hear another sentence which
-was composed by Nitá Atai?</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b c016'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>“The Missionaries have destroyed the caste;</div>
- <div class='line in1'>The Factory monkeys have destroyed the rice.”</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Torapa.</i> Aola Nochen has composed “Destroyed the
-Caste,” what is it?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Second Ryot.</i></p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b c016'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>“The Missionaries have destroyed the caste;</div>
- <div class='line in1'>The Factory monkeys have destroyed the rice.”</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Fourth Ryot.</i> Ha! I do not know what is taking place
-in my house; I am become the inhabitant of three villages
-at once. I came away to Svaropur, and through the advice
-of Bose, I threw away the advance which was offered me.
-When my young child was sick I came to Bose to get
-from him a little sugar-candy. Ah! how very kind he was;
-how agreeable and good-looking in countenance I found
-him; and sitting as solemn as an elephant.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> How many bigahs have they given this year?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Fourth Ryot.</i> Last year I prepared ten bigahs; but as
-to the price of that, they raised great confusion. This year
-again, they have given advances for fifteen bigahs; and I
-am doing exactly as they are ordering me; still, they leave
-not off insulting me.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>First Ryot.</i> I am laboring with my plough for these two
-years, and I have cultivated a little piece of ground. That
-piece of ground which I prepared this year, I kept for sesamum;
-but one day, our young Saheb, riding on his horse,
-came to the place, and waiting there himself, took possession
-of the whole piece. How can the ryots live if this is
-to continue?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> This is only the intrigue of the wicked Amin.
-Does the Saheb know every thing about land? This fool
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_30'>30</span>goes about like a revengeful dog: when he sees any good piece
-of land, he immediately gives notice of it to the Saheb. The
-Saheb has no want of money, and he has no need for borrowing
-money on credit. Then, why is it that the fool does so; if he
-have to cultivate Indigo, let him do so; let him buy oxen; let
-him prepare ploughs; if he cannot guide the plough himself,
-let him keep men under him. What want have you of lands?
-If you can cultivate the whole village; and we do not refuse
-to give the village. In that case the land can overflow with
-Indigo in two years. But he will not do it.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>—(<em>Aside, ho! ho! ho! má! má!</em>) Gazi-Saheb! Gazi-Saheb!
-Durga! Durga!<a id='r19' /><a href='#f19' class='c009'><sup>[19]</sup></a> call your Rama. Within this
-there are ghosts. Be silent, be silent.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>(<em>Aside</em>, Oh Indigo! You came to this land for our utter
-ruin. Ah! I cannot any more suffer this torture. I cannot
-say how many other Factories there are of this Concern.
-Within this one month-and-a-half, I have already drunk the
-water of fourteen Factories; and I do not know in what
-Factory I am now; and how can I know that, while I am
-taken in the night from one Factory to another, with my
-eyes entirely shut. Oh! my mother where art thou now?)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Third Ryot.</i> Rama! Rama! Rama! Kali! Kali!
-Durga! Ganesha! Ashra!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> Silence, silence.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>(<em>Aside</em>, Ah! I can make myself free from this hell, if I
-take the advance for five bigahs of land. Oh! my uncle, it
-is now proper to take the advance. Now, I see no means
-of giving the notice; my life is on the point of leaving the
-body. I have no more any power to speak. Oh my Mother,
-where art thou now? I have not seen thy holy feet for a
-month-and-a-half.)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_31'>31</span><i>Third Ryot.</i> I shall speak of this to my wife; did you
-hear now? Although these are become ghosts after death,
-still have they not been able to extricate themselves from the
-Indigo advances.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>First Ryot.</i> Art thou so very ignorant?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> A person of a good family; I have understood
-that by the words. My uncle Prana, can you once take me
-up on your shoulders, then I can ask him where his residence
-is?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>First Ryot.</i> Thou art a Musulman.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> Then, you had better rise on my shoulders and see—(<em>sits
-down</em>) rise up—(<em>sits on the shoulders</em>) take hold of
-the wall; bring your face before the window—(<em>seeing Gopi
-Churn at a distance</em>) come down, come down, my uncle,
-Gopi is coming (<em>first Ryot falls down</em>).</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Gopi Churn</span> <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Mr. Rose</span> <i>with his Ramkanta<a id='r20' /><a href='#f20' class='c009'><sup>[20]</sup></a> in his hand</i>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Third Ryot.</i> Dewan, there is a ghost in this room.
-Now, it was crying aloud.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> If you don’t say as I teach you, you must become
-a ghost of the very same kind. (<em>Aside, to Mr. Rose</em>) These
-persons have known about Mojumdar’s confinement, we must
-no more keep him in this Factory. It was not proper to
-keep him in that room.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Rose.</i> I shall hear of that afterwards. What ryot has
-refused; what rascal is so very wicked? (<em>Stamps his feet</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> These are all well-prepared. This Musulman is very
-wicked; he says, I can never show myself ungrateful, (<em>nimak
-harámi</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> (<em>Aside.</em>) O my father! How very terrible the stick
-is! Now I must agree with them; as to future considerations
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_32'>32</span>I shall see what I can do afterwards. (<em>Openly</em>) Pardon
-me, Saheb! I, also, am become the same with you.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> Be silent, thou child of the sow! This Ramkant
-is very sweet. (<em>Strikes with Ramkant and also kicks
-him</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> Oh! oh! my mother, I am now dead! My uncle
-Prana, give me a little water; I die for water. My father,
-father!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Rose.</i> Shall not filth be discharged into your mouth?
-(<em>Strikes with his shoes</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> Whatever thou shalt say, I shall do. Before
-God, I ask pardon of thee, my Lord.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Rose.</i> Now the villain has left his wickedness. To-night
-all must be sent. Just write to the Attorney, that as long as
-the evidence is not given, not one of these shall be let out.
-The Agent shall go with them. (<em>To the Third Ryot</em>). Why
-art thou crying? (<em>Gives a kick</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Third Ryot.</i> Bou, where art thou? These are murdering
-me. O my mother! Bou! my mother! I am killed, I am
-killed. (<em>Falls upside down on the ground</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Rose.</i> Thou, stupid, art become (<em>bonra</em>) mad.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Mr. Rose</em>).</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Gopi.</i> Now, Torapa, have you got your full of the onion
-and the shoe?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> Oh Dewanji, preserve me by giving a little
-water. I am on the point of death.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> The Indigo ware-house and the steam-engine room—these
-are places where the sweat shoots forth and water is
-drunk. Now, all of you, come with me, that you may at once
-drink water.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit all.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_33'>33</span>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>SECOND ACT—SECOND SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Bed-room of Bindu Madhar.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Saralota sitting with a letter in her hand.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Saralota.</i> Now, my dear love with an honest tongue is
-not come, and an elephant, as it were, is treading on the
-lotus-like heart. I have become hopeless amid very great
-hope. In expectation of the coming of the Lord of my life, I
-was waiting with greater disquietude of mind than the swallow
-(<em>chátak</em>) does when waiting for the drops of rain at the approaching
-rainy season. The way in which I was counting the
-days exactly corresponded with what my sister said, that each
-day appeared, as it were, a year, (<em>deep sigh</em>). The expectation
-as to the coming of my husband is now of no effect. The
-course of his life itself will prove successful, if the great action
-in which he is now engaged, can prove so. Oh, Lord
-of my life! We are born women, and cannot even go out to
-walk in the garden; we are unable to walk out in the city; can
-by no means form clubs for general good; we have no Colleges
-nor Courts, nor Brahma Samajs of our own; we have
-nothing of our own, to compose the mind, when it is once
-disturbed; and, moreover, we can never blame a woman when
-she feels any disquietude. O my Lord, we have only one to
-depend upon,—the husband is the object of the wife’s thought,
-of her understanding, her study, her acquisition, her meeting,
-her society; in short, this jewel—the husband—is all to a
-virtuous woman. O thou letter! thou art come from the
-hand of the dear object of my heart, I shall kiss thee, (<em>kisses
-it</em>); in thee is the name of my Lord; I shall hold thee on
-my burnt heart, (<em>keeps it on her breast</em>). Ah! how sweet are
-the words of my Lord; as often as I read it, my mind is more
-and more charmed (<em>reads</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_34'>34</span><span class='sc'>My Dear Sarala</span>,—<i>In my letter I cannot express
-what anxiety my mind feels, to see your sweet face.
-O what inexpressible pleasure do I feel when I place
-your beautiful (moonlike) face on my breast! I thought
-that that moment of happiness is come; but pain immediately
-overtook pleasure. The College is closed, but a
-great misfortune has come upon me; through the grace of
-God, if I be not able to extricate myself from it, I shall
-never be able any more to show my face to thee. The Indigo
-Planters have secretly brought an accusation against my
-father in the Court; their main design being, in some way
-or other, to throw him into Jail. I have sent letters, one
-after another, to my brother, giving him this information;
-and I myself am remaining here with the greatest care possible.
-Never disturb yourself with vain thoughts? The merciful
-Father must certainly make us successful. My dear, I
-have not forgotten the Bengali translation of “Shakespeare;”
-it cannot be got now in the shops; but one of my
-<a id='corr34.19'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='friends.'>friends,</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_34.19'><ins class='correction' title='friends.'>friends,</ins></a></span> Bonkima by name, has given me one copy. When
-I come home, I shall bring it with me. My dear, what
-a great source of pleasure is the acquisition of learning!
-I am conversing with you, although at such a
-great distance, Ah! what great happiness would my
-mind have enjoyed if my mother did not forbid you to
-send letters to me.</i></p>
-
-<div class='c017'>“<em>I am, yours</em>,</div>
-<div class='c018'>“<span class='sc'>Bindu Madhar</span>.”</div>
-<p class='c013'>As to myself—I have a full confidence as to that. If there
-be any fault in your character, then who should be an
-example of good conduct? Because I am fickle; cannot
-sit, for some time quietly in one place, my mother-in-law
-calls me the daughter of a mad woman. But, where is my
-fickleness now. In the place, where I have opened the letter
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_35'>35</span>of my dear Lord, I have spent nearly a fourth part of the
-day. The fickleness of the exterior part has now gone into
-the heart. As, on the boiling of the rice, the froth rising up
-makes the surface quiet, but the rice within is agitated; so
-am I now. I have not that smiling face now. A sweet
-smile is the wife of happiness; and so soon as happiness dies,
-the sweet smile goes along with it. My Lord, when thou shalt
-prove successful, every thing shall be preserved; if I am to
-see your face disquieted, all sides will be dark unto me. O
-my restless mind, wilt thou be not quieted? If you remain
-unquiet, that can be suffered. As to your weeping, none can
-see it, nor can hear it; but my eyes! you shall throw me into
-shame, (<em>rubbing her eyes</em>); if ye are not pacified, I shall not
-be able to go out of doors.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Aduri</span></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Aduri.</i> What are you doing here? The elder Haldarni<a id='r21' /><a href='#f21' class='c009'><sup>[21]</sup></a> is
-not able to go to the tank-side. All whom I see are of a
-disturbed countenance.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> (<em>A deep sigh.</em>) Let us then go.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> I see you have not yet touched the oil. Your
-hairs are yet dusty, and you have not yet left the letter.
-Does our young Haldar write my name in the letter?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Has the Bara Takur (the eldest brother of
-the husband) finished his bathing?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> The eldest Haldar is gone to the village. A
-law-suit is being carried on. Was that not written in your
-letter? Our master was weeping.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> (<em>Aside</em>) Truly, my Lord! Thou shalt not be
-able to show thy face, if thou can’st not prove successful.
-(<em>Openly</em>) Let us now rub ourselves with oil in the cook-room.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit both.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_36'>36</span>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>SECOND ACT—THIRD SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>A Road pointing Three Ways.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Podi Moyrani</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Podi.</i> It is the degenerate Amin who is ruining the
-country. Is it through my own choice that I am levelling the
-axe at my feet,<a id='r22' /><a href='#f22' class='c009'><sup>[22]</sup></a> by giving the young woman to the Saheb?
-As to that preparation which Ray made, had it not been
-caught<a id='r23' /><a href='#f23' class='c009'><sup>[23]</sup></a> by Sadhu, she would have been provided with food
-and clothing for life. Ah, it bursts my heart when I
-see the face of Khetromani. Have I no feelings of compassion,
-because I have made a paramour my companion?
-Whenever she sees me still, she comes to me, calling me
-Aunt! Aunt! Can the mother, with a firm heart, give
-such <em>a golden deer into the grasp of the tiger</em>? How
-detestable is this, that for the sake of money, I have
-given up my caste and my life; and also am obliged
-to touch the bed of a Buno (rude tribe). That libertine,
-the elder Saheb, has made it a practice to beat me whenever
-he finds me, and has also said, he will cut off my nose and
-ears;—that vile man is come to an old age, can keep women
-in confinement, and can kick them; such a vile man, I
-have not seen in the present day. Let me go to the black-mouthed
-Amin and tell him that shall not be effected by
-me. Have I any power to go out in the town? Whenever
-the nasty fellows of the neighbourhood see me, they
-follow me as the Phinga (a kind of bird) does the crow.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>(<em>Aside, a song.</em>) Whenever I sit down to reap the rice in
-the field, his eyes immediately come before my sight.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_37'>37</span><em>Enter a Cow-herd.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Cow-herd.</i> <em>Saheb</em>, have not insects attacked thine Indigo-twigs?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Podi.</i> Let them attack thy mother and sister, thou
-degenerate fool. Leave off thy mother’s breast, go to the
-house of Death; go to Colmighata, to the grave.<a id='r24' /><a href='#f24' class='c009'><sup>[24]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cow-herd.</i> I have also sent orders to prepare a pair of
-weeding knives.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter a Latyal or Club-man.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Oh! the Latyal of the Indigo Factory.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>The Cow-herd flies off swiftly.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Latyal.</i> Thou, Oh lotus-faced, hast made the tooth-powder
-very dear.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Podi.</i> (<em>Seeing the silver chain round the waist of the
-Latyal.</em>) Your chain is very grand.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Club-man.</i> Don’t you know, my dear, the clothing of
-the bailiff and the dress of the dancer?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Podi.</i> I wanted a black calf from you a long while ago,
-but yet you did not give it me. My brother, I shall not
-ask from thee any more.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Club-man.</i> Dear lotus-faced, don’t be angry with me.
-To-morrow, we shall go to plunder the place called Shamanagara;
-and if I can get a black calf, I shall immediately
-keep that in your cow-house. When I shall return with my
-fish, I shall pass by your house.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit the Club-man.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Podi.</i> The Planter Sahebs do nothing but rob. If the
-ryots be loaded in a less degree with exactions they can
-preserve their lives; and you<a id='r25' /><a href='#f25' class='c009'><sup>[25]</sup></a> can get your Indigo. The
-Munshies of Shamanagara entreated most earnestly to get ten
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_38'>38</span>portions of land free. “<em>The Thief never hears the instructions
-of Religion.</em>” The wretched elder Saheb remained quiet,
-having burnt his wretched tongue.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter four Boys of a Native Patshala.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Four Boys.</i> (<em>Keeping down their mats, and expressing
-great mirth with the clapping of their hands.</em>)</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b c016'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?</div>
- <div class='line'>My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?</div>
- <div class='line'>My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Podi.</i> My child Kesoba, I am your aunt. Never use
-such words to me.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Four Boys.</i> (<em>Dance together.</em>) My dear Moyrani; where
-is your Indigo?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Podi.</i> My dear Ambika, I am your sister; don’t use me
-in this manner,</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Four Boys.</i> (<em>Dance round Podi.</em>)</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b c016'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?</div>
- <div class='line'>My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?</div>
- <div class='line'>My dear Moyrani, where is your Indigo?</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Nobin Madhab</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Podi.</i> What a shame is this, that I exposed my face to the
-elder Babu.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Podi, covering herself with a veil.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Nobin.</i> Wicked and profligate woman. (<em>To the children</em>)
-You are playing on the road still; it is now too late, go
-home now.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit four boys.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Ah! I can within five days establish a school for these
-boys, if only the tyranny of the Indigo be once stopped.
-The Inspector of this part of the country is a very good man.
-How very good a man becomes, if only learning be
-acquired. He is young; but in his conversation he has the
-experience of years. He has a great desire that a school be
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_39'>39</span>established in this country. I am also not unwilling
-to give money for this purpose; the large Bungalow
-which I have, can be a good place for a school; moreover,
-what is more happy than to have the boys of one’s own
-country to read and write, and study in his own house, this is
-the true success of wealth and of labour. Bindu Madhab
-brought the Inspector with him, and it is his desire, that all
-with one mind try to establish the school. But observing the
-unfortunate state of the country, he was obliged to keep
-his design to himself; how very mild, quiet, good-natured,
-and wise is he become now! Wisdom in younger
-years is as beautiful as the fruits in a small plant. In
-reading of the sorrow which my brother has expressed in his
-letter even the hard stone is melted and the heart of the
-Indigo Planter would become soft. I cannot now rise up to
-go home, I do not see any means; I was not able to
-bring one of the five to my side, and I cannot find where
-they are taken away.<a id='r26' /><a href='#f26' class='c009'><sup>[26]</sup></a> I think Torapa will never speak
-a lie. It shall be a great loss to us, if the other four give
-evidence; especially as I was not able to make the least
-preparation; and again the Magistrate is a great friend of
-Mr. Wood.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><i>Enter a Ryot, two Peadas or Bailiffs of the Police, and a Taidgir of the Indigo Factory.</i></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Ryot.</i> My elder Babu, preserve my two children; there
-is no one else to feed them. Last year, I gave eight carts’
-load of Indigo, and I did not get a single pice for that, and
-also I am bound, as with cords, for the remainder. Again,
-they will take me to Andarabad.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Guard.</i> The advance-money of the Indigo and the marking
-nut of the washer-man, as soon as they come in contact,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_40'>40</span>become mostly joined. You villain come; you must first go
-to the Dewanji; your elder Babu also shall come to this.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Ryot.</i> Come, I don’t fear this. I would rather have my
-body rot in the Jail than any more prepare the Indigo of
-that white man. My God! my God! none looks on the poor
-(<em>weeps</em>). My elder Babu, give my children food; they
-brought me to the field; and I was not able to see them
-once.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit all, except Nobin Madhab.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Nobin.</i> What injustice! These two children will die
-without food in the same way as the new-born young of the
-hare suffer when the hare is in the hand of the savage
-hunters.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Ray Churn</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Ray.</i> Had not my brother caught hold of us, I would have
-put a stop to her breathing. I would have killed her; then,
-at the utmost, I had been hanged within six months.<a id='r27' /><a href='#f27' class='c009'><sup>[27]</sup></a> That
-villain!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Ray Churn, where art thou going?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Ray.</i> Our mistress ordered me to call Putakur. The
-stupid Podi told me that the bailiff will bring the summons
-to-morrow.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Ray Churn.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Nobin.</i> Oh! oh! oh! That which never took place in this
-family, has now come to pass. My father is very peaceful,
-honest, and of a sincere mind; knows not what disputes and
-enmities are; never goes out of the village; trembles with
-fear at the name of Court affairs, and even shed tears when he
-read the letter. If he is to go to Indrabad, he will turn
-mad; and if, to the jail, he will throw himself into the stream.
-Ah, such are the misfortunes that are to fall on him, while
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_41'>41</span>I, his son, am living! My mother is not so much afraid as
-my father is; she does not lose hope at once; with a firm
-mind, she is now invoking God. My deer-eyed is become,
-as it were, the deer in my volcano<a id='r28' /><a href='#f28' class='c009'><sup>[28]</sup></a>; she is become
-mad with fear and anxiety. Her father died in an Indigo
-Factory; and her fear, now, is lest the same happens to
-her husband. How many sides am I to keep quiet? Is it
-proper to fly off with the whole family; or, is it not right
-that to do good unto others is the highest virtue? I shall
-not turn aside hastily. I see, I am not able to do any
-good to Shamanagara; still, what work is there which
-is beyond the power of exertion? Let me see what I can do.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter two Pundits.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>First P.</i> My child, is the house of Goluk Chunder Bose
-in this quarter? I heard from my uncle, that person is very
-honest—the grandeur of the Bose family.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> (<em>Bowing before him.</em>) Sir, I am his eldest son.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>First P.</i> Yes! yes! very honest! To have such a son is
-not the result of a little virtue.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Second P.</i> We had been invited by Babu Arabindu, of
-Sougandha. To-day, we remain in the house of Goluk
-Chunder; and shall do good unto you.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> This is my great fortune. Sirs, come by this way.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit all.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>THIRD ACT—FIRST SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>Before the Factory in Begunbari.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Gopi Churn</span> <em>and a Native Jailor</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Gopi.</i> As long as your share is not less, don’t bring
-anything to my notice.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_42'>42</span><i>Jailor.</i> Can that filth be digested by one person eating
-the whole? I told him, if you eat, give a part to the
-Dewanji; but he says what power has your Dewan? He is
-not so much the son of a Keát, (<em>shoemaker caste</em>) that he shall
-direct the Saheb like unto one leading a <a id='corr42.5'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='monkey,'>monkey.</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_42.5'><ins class='correction' title='monkey,'>monkey.</ins></a></span></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Very well, now go; I shall show that Kaot (what a
-club) how strong he is.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Khálási.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>The fellow has got so much power through the authority of
-the younger Saheb. I shall also say it is a very easy
-thing for one to carry on his work, if his master be the
-husband of his sister; the elder Saheb becomes very angry
-at this word. But the fellow is very angry with me; at
-every word, he shows me the Shamchand. That day he
-kicked me with his stockings on. These few days, I see that
-his temper is become somewhat mild towards me; since
-Goluk Bose is summoned, he has expressed a little kindness.
-A person is considered very expert by the Saheb, if he can
-bring about the ruin of many. “<em>One becomes a good Physician
-by the death of one hundred patients.</em>”</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div>(<em>Seeing Mr. Wood.</em>)</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Here he is coming; let me first soften his mind by giving
-him some information about the Boses.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Mr. Wood</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Saheb, tears have now come out of the eyes of Nobin Bose.
-Never was he punished more severely. His garden is taken
-away from him; the small pieces of land he had are all
-included among the lands which are given to Gada, Poda
-(<em>low castes</em>); his cultivation is nearly put a stop to;
-his magazines are all become empty, and he was sent into
-Court twice; in the midst of so many troubles, he still
-stood firm; but now he has fallen down.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_43'>43</span><i>Planter.</i> That rascal was not able to do any thing in
-Shamanagara.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Saheb, the Munshis came to him; but he told
-them, my mind is not at rest now, “my limbs are become
-powerless through weeping for my father, and I am, as it
-were, become mad.” On observing the wretched condition of
-Nobin, about seven or eight ryots of Shamanagara have all
-given up, and all are doing exactly as your Honour is ordering
-them.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> You are a very good Dewan, and you have
-formed a very good plan.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> I knew Goluk Bose to be a coward, and that if he
-were obliged to go to Court, he would turn mad. As Nobin has
-a great affection for his father, he will of course be punished;
-and it was for this reason that I gave the advice to make
-the old man the defendant. Also, the plan which your
-Honour formed was not the less good. Our Indigo cultivation
-has been newly made on the sides of his tank; thus laying
-the snake’s eggs in his heart.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> <em>With one stone two birds have been killed</em>;
-ten bigahs of land are cultivated with Indigo, and also that
-fool is punished. He shed much tears, saying that if Indigo
-be planted near the tank we shall be obliged to leave our
-habitation; but I said, to cultivate Indigo in one’s habitation
-is to the best advantage.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> And the fool brought an action in the Court, on
-hearing that reply.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> That will be of no effect; that Magistrate is
-a very good man. If the case turn into a civil one it will
-never be concluded in less than five years. That Magistrate
-is a great friend of mine. Just see, by the new Act, the four
-rascals were thrown into prison only by making your
-evidence strong. <em>This Act is become the brother of the
-sword.</em></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_44'>44</span><i>Gopi.</i> Saheb, in order that those four ryots might not
-suffer loss in their cultivation, Nobin Bose has given his own
-plough, kine, and harrow for the ploughing of their lands;
-and he is trying his utmost that their families might not
-suffer great trouble.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> When he is required to plough this land, for
-which advances are allowed, he says, my ploughs and kine
-are less in number. He is very wicked; and now he
-is very well punished. Dewan, now you have done very
-well, and now I see work may be carried on by you,
-without loss.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Saheb, it is your own favour. My desire is, that
-advances should be increased every year. But that cannot
-be done by me alone; some confident Amin and Khalasis
-are necessary. Can the Indigo cultivation be improved by
-those who, for the sake of two rupees, occasioned the loss of
-the produce of three bigahs of land?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> I have understood it, the rascally Amin occasioned
-this confusion.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Saheb, the new habitation, and the taking of advances
-of Chunder Goladar are not allowed here. The
-Amin once, according to regular custom, threw one rupee
-on his ground as an advance. That person, in order
-to be allowed to return that rupee even shed tears and came
-along with the Amin as far as Ruthtollah, begging him
-earnestly to take it back. There he met with Nilkanta
-Babu, who has chosen the profession of an Attorney immediately
-after leaving the College.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> I know that rascal; he, it is, who writes every
-thing concerning me in the newspapers.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Their papers can never stand before yours, can
-by no means bear a comparison; and, moreover, they are as
-<em>the earthen bottles for cooling water compared to the jars
-of Dacca</em>. But, to bring the newspapers within your influence,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_45'>45</span>great expense has been incurred. That takes place
-according to time; as is said,</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b c016'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>“According to circumstances, the friend becomes an enemy:</div>
- <div class='line'>The lame ass is sold at the price of the horse.”</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Planter.</i> What did Nilkanta do?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> He sharply rebuked the Amin; and the Amin
-with no little shame brought back that one rupee, with
-two rupees more, from Goladar’s house. Chunder Goladar
-would have been able very easily to supply the Indigo for
-three or four bigahs. Is this the work of a servant? If I
-can conduct the Dewanny and the business of the <a id='corr45.11'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='Amin;'>Amin,</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_45.11'><ins class='correction' title='Amin;'>Amin,</ins></a></span>
-then this kind of ingratitude can be stopped.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> Great wickedness this is; evident ingratitude.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Saheb, grant pardon for this bad conduct; the
-Amin brought his own sister to our younger Saheb’s room.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter.</i> Yes! Yes! I know; that rascal and Podi
-corrupted our young Saheb. I must give that wicked fool
-some instruction very soon. Send him to my sitting room.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Mr. Wood.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Gopi.</i> Just see, <em>in whose hand the monkey plays best.
-The Khait is one rogue, and the Crow another.</em></p>
-
-<p class='c010'>“<em>Now have you fallen under the stroke of the Khait;
-where even the grand-father of the sister’s husband loses the
-game.</em>”</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>THIRD ACT—SECOND SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Bed-room of Nobin Madhab.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Nobin Madhab</span> <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Soirindri</span> <em>sitting</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> Lord of my soul, what is preferable, whether
-the ornament or my father-in-law? That, for which thou
-art wandering about day and night; that, for which thou hast
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_46'>46</span>left thy food and sleep; that, for which thou art shedding
-tears incessantly; that, for which thy pleasant face has
-been depressed; and that which has occasioned thy
-head-ache; my dear Lord, can I not for that give away this
-my trifling ornament.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> My dear, you can, with <a id='corr46.6'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='case'>ease</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_46.6'><ins class='correction' title='case'>ease</ins></a></span>, give; but with what
-face shall I take it? What great troubles the husband is to
-undergo in order to dress his wife: he has to swim in the
-rapid stream, to throw himself into the deep ocean, engage
-in battles, to climb mountains, to live in the wilderness, and
-to go before the mouth of the tiger. The husband adorns
-his wife with so much trouble; am I so very foolish as to
-take away the ornament from the very same wife. O my
-lotus-eyed, wait a little. Let me see this day, and if,
-finally I cannot procure it, then I shall take your ornaments
-afterwards.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> O my heart’s love! We are very unfortunate
-now; and who is there that shall give you on loan the sum
-of Co.’s Rs. 500 at such a time. I am entreating you again,
-take my ornaments and those of our youngest Bou, and try
-to procure money from a banker. Observing your troubles
-the lotus-like young Bou is become sad.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Ah! my sweet-faced, the cruel words which you
-used struck on my heart like arrows of fire. Our youngest
-Bou, she is a girl; good clothes and beautiful ornaments are
-objects of pleasure to her. What understanding has she
-now? What does she know of family business. As our
-young Bipin cries when his neck-lace is taken from him in
-play, so our youngest Bou weeps when her ornaments
-are taken away. Oh, oh! am I formed so mean-spirited
-a man? Am I to be so cruel a robber? Shall I deceive a
-young girl? This can never be, as long as life exists. The
-worthless Indigo Planters even cannot commit such a crime.
-My dear, never use such a word before me.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_47'>47</span><i>Soirindri.</i> Beloved of my soul, that pain with which I
-told these words, is only known to me and the omniscient
-God. What doubt is there, that they are fiery arrows?
-They have burst my heart and burnt my tongue, and then
-having divided the lips, have entered your heart. It is
-with great pain that I told you to take the ornaments
-of the youngest Bou. Can there be any pleasure in
-the mind, after having observed this your insane wandering,
-this weeping of my father-in-law, the deep sighs of my
-mother-in-law, the sad face of the youngest Bou, the dejected
-countenance of relatives and friends, and the sorrowful
-mournings of the ryots? If by any means we can restore
-safety, then all shall be safe. My Lord, I do feel the
-same pain in giving the ornaments of our youngest Bou, as
-if I had to give those of Bipin; but if I give away the ornaments
-of Bipin, before giving those of the youngest Bou,
-that would prove an act of cruelty to her; since, she might
-think that my sister looks on me as a stranger. Can I give
-pain to her honest heart by doing this? Is this the work
-of the elder sister who is like a mother?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> My dear love! Your heart is very sincere. There
-is not a second to you in sincerity in the female race. Is this
-my family reduced to this state! What was I, and what am
-I now become! The sum of my profits was seven hundred
-Rupees. I had fifteen warehouses for corn, sixteen bigahs of
-garden land, twenty ploughs and fifty harrows. What great
-feasts had I at the time of the Puja; the house filled with
-men, feasting the Brahmins, gifts to the poor, the feasting of
-friends and relations, the musical entertainments of the
-Voishnabas, and also pleasant theatrical representations. I
-have expended such large sums, and even given as donations
-one hundred Rupees. Being so rich, now I am obliged
-to take away the ornaments of my wife, and the wife
-of my young brother. What affliction? God, thou didst
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_48'>48</span>give these, and thou hast taken them again. Then, what
-sorrow?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> My dear, when I see you weep, my life
-itself weeps (<em>tears in her eyes</em>). Was there so much pain in
-my fate; am I thus destined to see such distress in my Lord?
-Do not prevent me any more. (<em>Takes out the amulet.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> My <a id='corr48.7'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='heast'>heart</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_48.7'><ins class='correction' title='heast'>heart</ins></a></span> bursts when I see your tears (<em>rubbing
-the tears</em>). Stop my dear, of the moon-like face, stop (<em>taking
-hold of her hands</em>). Keep these; one day more, let me see.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> My dear, what further resource is left? Do, as
-I tell you now. If it be so destined, there shall be many
-ornaments afterwards (<em>aside, sneezing</em>); true, true. Aduri
-is coming.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Aduri</span> <em>with two letters</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Aduri.</i> I can’t say whence the letters came; but my
-mistress told me to give them to you.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Aduri, after giving the letters.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Nobin.</i> It shall be known by these letters whether
-your ornaments are to be taken or not. (<em>Opens the first
-letter.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Read it aloud.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> (<em>Reads the letter.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>“<span class='sc'>Dear Friend</span>,—<em>This is to make it known to you, that to
-give a sum of money to you at present is only to make a
-return of favours. My mother has taken leave of this
-world yesterday; and the day of her first funeral obsequies
-is very near. This have I written yesterday. The
-tobacco is not yet sold.</em></p>
-
-<div class='c017'>“<em>I am, yours</em>,</div>
-<div class='c018'><span class='large'>“<span class='fss'>GHONOSYAM MUKERJI</span>.”</span></div>
-
-<p class='c010'>What misfortune is this! Is this my assistance on the
-funeral obsequies of the mother of the honorable Mukerji?
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_49'>49</span>Let me see what deadly weapon hast thou brought. (<em>Opens
-the letter.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> My dear, it is very miserable to fall into
-despair after entertaining high hopes. Let the letter remain
-as it is.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> (<em>Reads the letter.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>“<span class='sc'>Honored Sir</span>,—<em>I received your last letter, and was
-much pleased with reading of your good fortune. I have
-already collected the sum of three hundred Rupis, and
-shall take that along with me to you to-morrow. As to the
-remaining one hundred, I shall clear that on the coming
-month. The great benefit which you have bestowed on me,
-excites me to give some interest.</em></p>
-
-<div class='c017'>“<em>I am, your most obdt. Servt.</em>,</div>
-<div class='c018'>“GOKUL KRISHNA PALITA.”</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> I think God has turned his face towards us;
-now, let me go, and give this information to our youngest Bou.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Soirindri.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Nobin.</i> (<em>Aside.</em>) My life is, as it were, the idol of sincerity;
-it is a piece of a straw in a rapid stream. Let me
-take my father now to Indrabad, depending on this; as to the
-future it shall be according to Fate. With me I have one
-hundred and fifty Rupis. As to the tobacco, if I had kept
-it for a month more, I would have sold that for the sum
-of five hundred Rupis; but what can I do? I am obliged
-to give it for three hundred and fifty Rupis, since I have to
-pay much for the Officers of the Court; and also heavy expenses
-for going to and returning from the place. If on account
-of this false case, there be a delay, then am I certain that the
-destruction of this land is very near. What a brutal Act is
-passed? But, what is the fault of the Act; or of those who
-passed the Act? What misery can the country suffer if those
-who are to carry out the Act, do it with impartiality? Ah,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_50'>50</span>by this Act how many persons are suffering in prison-houses
-without a fault! It bursts the heart to see the miseries of
-their wives and children; the pots for boiling rice on the
-hearths are remaining as they are; the several kinds of grain
-in their yards are being dried up; their kine in the rooms
-are all remaining bound in their places; the cultivation of the
-fields is not fully carried out, the seeds are not sown, and
-the wild grass in the rice fields is not cut off. What further
-prospects are there in the present year? All are crying aloud,
-with the exclamation, Where is my lord? Where is my
-father? Some Magistrates are dispensing justice with proper
-consideration; in their hands this Act is not become the rod
-of death. Ah! Had all Magistrates been as just as the
-Magistrate of Amaranagara is, then could the harrow fall on
-the ripe grain and the locusts destroy the fields? Had that
-been the case, would I ever have been thrown into
-so many dangers? O, thou Lieutenant-Governor! had’st
-thou engaged men of the same good character as thou had’st
-enacted laws, then the country would never have been
-miserable. O, thou Governor of the land! had’st thou made
-such a regulation, that every plaintiff, when his case is proved
-false, shall be put in prison, then the jail of Amaranagara
-would have been crowded with Indigo Planters; and
-they would never have been so very powerful. Our Magistrate
-is transferred, but our case is to continue here to the
-end; and that will occasion our ruin.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Enter Sabitri.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sabitri.</i> If you are to give up all the ploughs, is it that
-even then you are to take the advance-money? Sell all
-your ploughs and kine, and engage in trade; we shall enjoy
-ourselves with the profits that shall accrue from that. We
-can no longer endure this.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Mother, I, also, have the same desire. Only, I
-wait till Bindu is engaged in some service. If we leave off
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_51'>51</span>ploughing the land, it will be impossible for us to maintain
-the family; and it is for this reason, that we have still, with
-so much trouble, kept these ploughs.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> How shalt thou go with this headache? Oh oh!
-was such Indigo produced in this land! (<em>Places her hand on
-Nobin’s head</em>).</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Enter Reboti.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Reboti.</i> My mother! Where shall I go? What shall I do?
-They have done what! Why is it that through ill-fortune I
-brought her? Having brought one of a strange caste, I am
-become unable to preserve propriety. My eldest Babu! preserve
-me; my life is on the point of bursting out. Bring me
-Khetromani; bring me my <em>puppet of gold</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> These destroyers can do all things. Ye are
-taking by force the pieces of ground of men, their grain, their
-kine and calves. By the force of clubs, ye are cultivating
-Indigo, and the people are doing your work with cries and
-sobbings.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> My mother! I am preparing the Indigo, taking
-only half the food. Those bigahs which they had marked, on
-them I worked. When Ray works, he weeps with deep sighs; if
-he hear of this my work, he would become, as it were, insane.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Where is Sadhu now?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> He is sitting outside, and is weeping.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> To a woman of good family, <em>constancy in faithfulness
-to her husband is, as it were, the loadstone</em>; and
-how very beautiful does she appear (<em>ramaniki ramaniyá</em>)
-when she is decorated with that ornament. Is a woman of a
-good family carried off, when the Bhima-like Svaropur of
-my father is still in existence? At this very moment shall I
-go. I shall see what manner of injustice this is. <em>The Indigo
-frog can never sit on the white waterlily-like constancy of
-a woman.</em></p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Nobin Madhab.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_52'>52</span><i>Sabitri.</i> <em>Chastity is the store of gold which is given by
-Providence; it is so valuable that it makes the beggar
-woman, a queen.</em> If you can rescue this jewel before it is
-soiled, from the hands of the Indigo monkey, then shall I
-say that you have actually answered the purpose of my being
-your mother. Such injustice I never heard of. Now, Ghose
-Bou, let us go out-side.</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>THIRD ACT—THIRD SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>Mr. Rose’s Chamber.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Mr. Rose</span> <em>sitting. Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Podi Moyrani &amp; Khetromani</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Khetra.</i> My aunt, don’t speak of such things to me; I
-can give up my life, but my chastity never; cut me in
-pieces, burn me in the fire, throw me into the water, and
-bury me under ground; but as to touching another man that
-can I never do. What will my husband think?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Podi.</i> Where is your husband now, and where are you?
-This shall no one know. Within this night, I shall bring you
-back with me to your mother.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Khetra.</i> Very well, the husband may not know it—but
-God above will know it, and I shall never be able to throw dust
-in his eyes. Like the fire of the brick-kiln it will still burn
-within my breast, and the more my husband shall love me for
-my constancy, the more my soul shall be tortured. Openly or
-secretly, I never can take a paramour.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Podi.</i> My child, come, come to the Saheb. Whatever you
-have to say, say to him. To speak to me is like <em>crying in
-the wilderness</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Planter Rose.</i> To speak to me is <em>throwing pearls at the
-hog’s feet</em>. Ha, ha, ha, we Indigo Planters, are become the
-companions of Death; can our Factories remain, if we have
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_53'>53</span>pity? By nature, we are not bad; our evil disposition has
-increased by Indigo cultivation. Before, we felt sorrow in
-beating one man; now, we can beat ten persons with the
-Ramkant (leather strap), making them senseless; and immediately
-after, we can, with great laughter, take our dinner
-or supper.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torap.</i> I will swim over the stream to my house,
-this night. What more shalt thou hear of my fate; I
-broke down the window of the Attorney’s stable, and immediately
-ran off to the Zemindary of Babu Bosonto, and
-then in the night came to my wife and children. This
-Planter has stopped every thing; has he left any means
-for men to live by ploughing? How very terrible are
-the thrusts of the Indigo? Again, the advice is given to
-serve for it. Now, Sir, where are your kicks with your
-shoes on, and your beating on the head? (<em>Thrusts him
-with his knees</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Torap, what is the use of beating him? We ought
-not to be cruel, because they are so; I am going.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Nobin, with Khetromani.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Torap.</i> Do you want to show such ill-usage and bad
-conduct? Speak to your old father and carry on your
-business by mutual consent; how long shall your force of
-hand continue? You shall not be able to do anything, when
-I shall fly. There is no abuse more horrid than to say,
-Die! When your destiny shall decide, you shall have to enter
-the Factory of the Tomb. Just settle our eldest Babu’s
-account of the last year; and take what he consents to sow
-of Indigo in the present year. It is owing to you that
-they have fallen into a state of confusion. It is not merely
-to load one with advances, but cultivation is necessary. Good
-evening, our young Saheb. Now, I go. (<i>Throws him about,
-lying on his back, and flies off.</i>)</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_54'>54</span>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>THIRD ACT—FOURTH SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Hall in the House of Goluk Bose.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Sabitri</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sabitri.</i> (<i>With a deep sigh.</i>) O thou cruel Magistrate!
-Why didst not thou also give me a summons? I would have
-gone to the zillah with my husband and my child; that
-would have been far better than remaining in this desert.
-Ah! my husband always remains in the house, never goes
-out to another village even on invitation. Is he destined to
-suffer so much?—The peadahs taking him away, and he himself
-to go to the jail. Bhagavati, my mother! was there so much
-in thy mind? Ah! he says, that he can never sleep, but
-in a room very long and broad; he eats only the boiled
-Atapa rice;<a id='r29' /><a href='#f29' class='c009'><sup>[29]</sup></a> he takes the food prepared by no other hand
-but that of the eldest Bou. Ah! he brought out blood out
-of his breast by severe slaps; he made his eyes swollen
-by tears; and at the same time, he took his leave, he said this
-is my going to the side of the Ganges<a id='r30' /><a href='#f30' class='c009'><sup>[30]</sup></a> (<i>weeps</i>). Nobin says,
-Mother call on Bhagavati. I must return home having
-gained my object and bring him home also. Ah! the face of
-my son, like unto that of gold, is blackened; what great
-troubles for the collection of money! Wandering about without
-rest, his brain is become like a whirl-pool. Lest I give
-away the ornaments of the Bous, my son encourages me,
-saying, My mother, what want of money? What large
-sum will be necessary for this case? How shall my
-child grieve, if my ornaments be given in mortgage for our
-suit on small portions of land! He says, as soon as I get a
-small sum of money, I shall immediately bring back the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_55'>55</span>ornaments. My son has courage in his tongue and tears in
-his eyes. Ah! he started with tears in his eyes. My dear
-Nobin, in this heat of the sun, went to Indrabad; and I,
-a great sinner, remained confined in my room. Is this the
-life thy mother spends!</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><i>Enter</i> <span class='sc'>Soirindri</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> Madam, it is now too late. Now bathe. It is
-our unfortunate destiny; else, why shall such an occurrence
-come to pass?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> (<i>With tears.</i>) No, my daughter, as long as my
-Nobin does not return, I shall never give rice and water to
-my body. Who shall give food to my son?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> His brother has a lodging house there, and
-they have a Brahmin; there will be no disturbance. You
-had better come and bathe.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><i>Enter</i> <span class='sc'>Saralota</span>, <i>with a cup of oil</i>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Young Bou, you had better rub the oil on her body, and
-make her bathe, and bring her to the cook-room. Let me go
-to prepare the place.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<i>Exit Soirindri.</i>)</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div>(<i>Saralota rubs the oil on her mother-in-law’s body.</i>)</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sabitri.</i> My parrot<a id='r31' /><a href='#f31' class='c009'><sup>[31]</sup></a> is become silent; my daughter has
-no more words in her month; she is faded like a stale
-flower. Ah! ah! for how long have I not seen Bindu Madhab?
-I am waiting in expectation that the College
-will be closed, and my son will come home. But this
-danger is come (<i>applying her hand on Saralota’s chin</i>). Ah!
-the mouth of my dear one is dry, I think you have not
-yet taken any food. While I have fallen into this danger,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_56'>56</span>when shall I examine, whether any have taken their food or
-not. Let me bathe you, go and take some food. I am
-also going.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<i>Exit both.</i>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>FOURTH ACT—FIRST SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Criminal Court of Indrabad.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-<p class='c019'><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Mr. Wood</span>, <span class='sc'>Mr. Rose</span>, <em>the Magistrate, and An
-Officer, sitting</em>. <span class='sc'>Goluk Chunder</span>, <span class='sc'>Nobin Madhab</span>,
-<span class='sc'>Bindu Madhab</span>, <em>the Attorneys of the Plaintiff and the
-Defendant, the Agent, Nazir, a Bailiff, Servants, Ryots, &amp;c.,
-standing</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Defendant’s Attorney.</i> May the prayer in this application
-be granted. (<i>Gives the application to the Sheristadar.</i>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> Very well; read it. (<i>Speaks with Mr.
-Wood, and laughs.</i>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sheristadar.</i> (<i>To the Defendant’s Attorney.</i>) You have
-written here what equals the length of the Ramayan. Can
-the petition be read without its being in abstract? (<i>Turns to
-another page of the application</i>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> (<i>Having spoken with Mr. Wood, and concealing
-his laughter</i>). Read clearly.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sheristadar.</i> In the absence of the defendant and his
-attorneys, the evidence is already taken from the witnesses of
-the plaintiff. We pray that the witnesses of the plaintiff be
-again called.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Plaintiff’s Attorney.</i> My Lord, it is true that attorneys
-are given up to lying, deceiving, and forgery; they easily
-forge and tell lies, and are incessantly engaged in immoral
-actions. They lead astray married women; and then they
-themselves enjoy their houses and every thing else. The
-Zemindars hate the attorneys; but for the effecting their
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_57'>57</span>special purposes, they call them, and give them a seat on
-their couch. My Lord, the very profession of the attorneys is a
-cheating one. But the attorneys of the Indigo Planters can never
-deceive. The Indigo Planters are Christians; falsehood is accounted
-a great sin in the Christian Religion. Stealing, licentiousness,
-murder, and other actions of that nature are also
-looked upon as hateful in that religion not taking evil actions
-into consideration, even forming evil designs in the mind
-dooms a man to burn in the fire of hell. The main aim of
-the Christian Religion is to show kindness, to forgive, to be
-mild and to do good unto others; so, it is by no means probable
-that the Indigo Planters, who follow such a true and
-pure religion, ever give false evidence. My Lord, we do
-serve such Indigo Planters; we have reformed our character
-according to theirs, and even, if we desire, we can, by no
-means, teach the witness anything false; since if the Sahebs,
-the lovers of truth, find the least fault in their servants,
-they punish them according to the rules of justice. The Amin
-of the Factory, the witness of the defendant, is an example
-of that. Because he deprived the ryot of his advances, the
-kind Saheb drove him from his office; and being angry on account
-of the cries of the poor ryot, he also beat him severely.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood the Planter.</i> (<em>To the Magistrate.</em>) Extreme provocation!
-Extreme provocation!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Plaintiff’s Attorney.</i> My Lord, many questions were put
-to my witnesses; had they been witnesses who were prepared
-ones (perjured) they would have been caught by those
-very questions. The lawyers have said, “The Judge is as the
-advocate of the defendant,” consequently the questions to be
-put by the defendant, are already asked by your Honour.
-Therefore, there is no probability of any advantage to the defendant,
-if the witnesses be brought here again; but on the
-other hand, it will prove very disadvantageous to them.
-Honored Sir, the witnesses are poor people who live by holding
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_58'>58</span>the plough. By the plough they maintain their wives
-and children; their fields become ruined if they do not remain
-there for the whole day; so much so, that because it
-proves a loss to them if they come home, their wives bring
-boiled rice and refreshments bound in handkerchiefs to them
-in the fields, and make them eat that. It proves an entire
-loss to the ryots to come away from the fields for one day;
-and at such a time, if they be brought to such a distant
-part of the zillah by summons, then the labours of the whole
-year will go for nothing. Honored Sir, Honored Sir, do as
-you think just.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> I don’t see any reason for that (<em>as advised by
-Mr. Wood</em>). There seems no necessity for that.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Defendant’s Attorney.</i> My Lord, the ryots of no village
-take the advances of the Indigo Planters with their full
-consent. The Indigo Planter, accompanied by the Amins and
-servants, or his Dewan, goes on horse-back to the field, marks off
-the best pieces of land, and orders the preparation of the Indigo.
-Then the owner of the land brings the ryots to the Factory,
-and having made known to them the particulars of the
-matter, takes their signatures for the advances. The ryots,
-taking the money in advance, come home with tears in
-their eyes; and the day on which any of them comes home
-with the money, his house, becomes filled, as it were, with
-the tears of persons weeping for the death of a relative or
-friend. On the payment of the Indigo to the Indigo Planter,
-even if the latter have something still to pay to the farmers
-above the sum of the advances as the price of that
-article, yet they keep it in their Account-books that the farmers
-have still something to pay. The ryots, when they have
-once taken the advance, will suffer pain for not less than
-seven generations. The sorrow which the ryots endure in the
-preparation of the Indigo is known only to themselves and
-the Great God, the Preserver of the poor. Whenever some sit
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_59'>59</span>together, they converse about the advances and inform each
-other of their respective sums; and also try how to save themselves.
-They have no necessity for forming plans and mutually
-taking the advice of each other. Of themselves they are become
-as mad as the dog who received a blow on the
-head. The witnesses gave evidence that the ryots were
-willing to prepare Indigo; but that the person who has engaged
-me had, by advice and intimidation, stopped their engaging
-in the preparation of Indigo. This is a very striking
-and an evident forgery. Honored Sir, once more bring them
-before the Bench, and your servant will by two questions disclose
-the falsity of their evidence. I do acknowledge, that Nobin
-Madhab Bose, the son of Goluk Chunder Bose, who engaged
-me, tried his utmost to extricate the helpless ryots from the
-hands of the giant-like Indigo Planters. I do acknowledge
-this. He also proved himself successful in stopping the
-tyranny of Mr. Wood; which is known fully by the case
-which was brought here for the burning of the village of
-Polaspore. But Goluk Chunder Bose is of a very peaceful
-character; he fears the Indigo Planters more than the tigers,
-never engages in any quarrels; at no time injures another, and
-even is not courageous enough to save another from danger.
-My Saheb, that Goluk Chunder Bose is a man of a good
-character, is known to all persons in the zillah, and can be
-known even by enquiring of the Amlas of the Court.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Goluk.</i> Honored Sir, the whole sum due for my Indigo of
-the last year was not paid; still only through fear of coming
-into Court, I consented to take the advance for sixty bigahs of
-land. My eldest son said, “Father, we have other ways of
-living; the loss in Indigo for one year or two might stop feasts
-and religious ceremonies, but will not produce want of food.
-But those who entirely depend on their ploughs; what means
-have they? Losing this case if we be obliged again to engage
-in the Indigo cultivation, all will be obliged to do the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_60'>60</span>same afterwards.” He said this is a wise man; and consequently
-I told him to make the Saheb, by entreaties and supplications,
-to agree to fifty bigahs. The Saheb said nothing,
-neither Yes nor No; and secretly made preparations to bring
-me in my old age, to gaol. I know that the only way to get
-happiness is to keep the Sahebs contented; the country is the
-Saheb’s, the Judges are their brothers and friends; and is it
-proper to do anything against them? Extricate me, and I
-make this promise, that if I cannot prepare the Indigo
-from want of ploughs and kine, I will annually give the
-Saheb Co.’s Rs. 100 in the place of that. Am I a person to
-tutor the ryots? Do I meet them?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Defendant’s Attorney.</i> Honored Sir, of the four ryots who
-came as witnesses, one is of the Tikiri caste; he has no
-knowledge of what a plough is; he has no lands and no rents
-to pay; has no kine and no cow-house; and this can be best
-known by proper examination. Kanai Torofdar is a ryot of
-a different village; and as to our Babu he has no acquaintance
-with him. For these reasons we do pray that these men be
-brought again. The legislators have said, before the decision,
-the defendant ought to be supplied with all proper means.
-Saheb, if this my prayer be granted, I shall have no more
-reasons for complaint.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Plaintiff’s Attorney.</i> Saheb.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> (<em>Writes a letter.</em>) Speak, speak; I am not
-writing from hearsay.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Plaintiff’s Attorney.</i> Saheb, if at this time, the ryots be
-brought here they will suffer great loss; else, I, also, would
-have prayed for their being brought here again, since the
-offences of the defendant which are already proved, may
-receive stronger confirmation. Sir, the bad character of
-Goluk Chunder Bose is known throughout the country;
-he who benefits him, in return, receives injuries. The
-Indigo Planters crossing the immeasurable ocean have come
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_61'>61</span>to this land, and have brought out its secret wealth; have
-done great benefit to the country, have increased the royal
-treasure, and have profited themselves. What place, besides
-the prison, can best befit a person who thus opposes the great
-actions of these noble men.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> (<em>Writes the address.</em>) Chaprasi!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Chaprasi.</i> Sir! (<em>Comes to the Saheb.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> (<em>Advises with Mr. Wood.</em>) Give this to Mrs.
-Wood. Tell the Khansamah, the Saheb, who is come here,
-will not go to-day.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sheristadar.</i> Sir, what orders are to be written?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> Let it remain within the <em>Nathi</em> or Court
-documents.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sheristadar.</i> (<em>Writes.</em>) It is ordered that it remains within
-the <em>Nathi</em> (<em>signed by the Magistrate</em>). Saheb, thou hast not
-yet made a signature on the orders to the reply of the
-defendant.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> Read it.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sheristadar.</i> It is ordered, that the defendant is to give
-Co.’s Rs. 200, or two persons as security, and that the subp&oelig;nas
-be sent to the truthful witnesses. (<em>The Magistrate gives the
-signature</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Magistrate.</i> Bring the case of the robbery in Mirghan to
-the Court to-morrow.</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-r c000'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>(<em>Exit Magistrate, Mr. Wood, Mr. Rose,</em></div>
- <div class='line in2'><em>Chaprasi, and Bearers.</em>)</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sheristadar.</i> Nazir, take the security-bond from the
-defendant properly.</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-r c000'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>(<em>Exit sheristadar, agent, the plaintiff’s</em></div>
- <div class='line in2'><em>attorney, the ryots.</em>)</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Nazir.</i> (<em>To the Defendant’s Attorney.</em>) How can we write
-now, while it is evening; moreover, I am somewhat busy
-now.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_62'>62</span><i>Defendant’s Attorney.</i> The name is great, but in property
-there is nothing (<em>speaks with the Nazir.</em>) This money they
-will give by selling the ornaments.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nazir.</i> I have no estates, have no trade nor lands for cultivation.
-This is my whole stock. It is for your sake
-only that I have agreed to take Rupees 100. Let us go to our
-lodging. Be careful that the Dewan does not hear this.
-Have not they got something as their own.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit all.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>FOURTH ACT—SECOND SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>Indrabad, the dwelling of Bindu Madhab.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
- <div class='nf-center'>
- <div><span class='sc'>Nobin Madhab</span>, <span class='sc'>Bindu Madhab</span>, <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Sadhu</span> <em>sitting</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Nobin.</i> I am now obliged to go home. My mother will
-die as soon as she hears of this. What more shall I do now
-for you? See that our father does not suffer great sorrow. I
-have now determined on leaving our habitation. I shall sell
-off everything, and send the money. Whoever wants any
-sum, I will give him that.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> The Darogah does not want money; only, for fear
-of the Magistrate, he does not allow the cooking Brahmin to
-be taken there.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Give him money and also entreat him. Ah! His[A]
-body is old; he has been without food for three days! I
-explained to him, and entreated him greatly. He says,
-“Nobin, let three days pass and then shall I think, whether I
-shall take food or not; within these three days, I shall not
-take any thing.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> I do not find any means, how I can be able to
-make my father take some boiled rice. The hand which he
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_63'>63</span>has placed on his eyes from the time when the Magistrate,
-the slave of the Indigo Planters, ordered him to be kept in
-the prison, that hand he has not yet removed. The hand
-is filled with the tears; and the piece where he was made to
-sit down at first, is still that where he now is. Being entirely
-silent, and remaining weak in body and without power
-to move, he is become like a dead pigeon in this cagelike
-prison. This day is the fourth, and to-day I must make
-him take food. You had better go home, and I shall send a
-letter every day.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> O God, what great sorrow art thou giving to our
-father! If they do allow you, my dear Bindu, to remain day
-and night in the prison; then can I quietly go to our house.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Let me steal, and you bring me before the Court
-as a thief. I will make the confession; they will put me in
-prison; then I will be best able to serve my master.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> O Sadhu! Thou art the actual Sadhu (the honest
-man). Ah! you are now very sorry on learning the deadly
-sorrow of Khetromani; and the sooner I can take you home
-the better.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> (<em>Deep sigh.</em>) My eldest Babu! Shall I see my
-daughter on my return. I have none other.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> If you make her take that draught which I gave
-you, she must be cured by that. The Doctor heard every
-particular of her disease, and has given that medicine.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter the Deputy Inspector.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>D. Inspector.</i> Bindu Babu, Mr. Commissioner has written
-very urgently about releasing your father.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> There is no doubt the Lieutenant-Governor will
-grant him release.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> After what time can the notice of the release
-come?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> It will not be more than fifteen days.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_64'>64</span><i>D. Inspector.</i> The Deputy Magistrate of Amaranagara
-gave an order of imprisonment for six months to a certain
-Mooktyar according to this law; but he had to remain for
-sixteen days in the gaol.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin.</i> Shall such a time ever come, that the Governor,
-becoming friendly, destroy the evil desires of the unfriendly
-Magistrate?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> There is a God, the Lord of the Universe; and he
-must do it. Sir, you had better start, for there is a long way
-to go.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Nobin, Bindu, and Sadhu.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>D. Inspector.</i> Alas! The two brothers, burnt up by these
-anxieties, have, as it were, become dead, while living. The
-order of release from the Lieutenant-Governor will be as the
-restoration of life to them. Babu Nobin Chunder is of a
-brave spirit, does good to others, is very munificent, a great
-improver of learning, and also of a patriotic mind; but the
-mist of the cruel Indigo Planters withered all his good
-qualities in the bud.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter the Pundit of the College.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Welcome, Sir!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> My body is naturally somewhat of a warm nature.
-I cannot hear the sunshine. The heat of the sun
-makes me, as it were, mad in the months of March, April,
-and May. I had a very severe head-ache for a few days; and
-was not able to attend Bindu Madhab at all.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>D. Inspector.</i> The Vishnu Toila (a kind of oil) can do you
-some good. The oil is prepared for Babu Vishnu, and to-morrow
-I shall send some to your house.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> I am much obliged to you for that. A man of
-a healthy constitution becomes mad by teaching children;
-such am I.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>D. Inspector.</i> Why don’t we see our elder Pundit any more?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_65'>65</span><i>Pundit.</i> He is now trying some means to leave this
-doggish service. While his good son is making some acquisition
-of property, the family will be maintained like that of
-a King. It does not seem good for him now to go to and
-come from the College looking with his books under his arm
-like a bull bound to the cart. He is now of age.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Re-enter</em> <span class='sc'>Bindu Madhab</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Bindu.</i> The Pundit is come.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> Did the sinful creature show so much injustice?
-You did not hear it; at Christmas he spent ten days continually
-in that Factory. The ryot is to have justice from him!
-<em>Can the Hindu celebrate his religious services before the
-Kazi</em> (the Mahomedan <a id='corr65.13'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='judge).'>judge)?</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_65.13'><ins class='correction' title='judge).'>judge)?</ins></a></span></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> The decree of Providence.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> Whom did you appoint as Muktyar?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> Prandhan Mullik.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> Why did you appoint him as your Muktyar?
-It would have been better if you had engaged some other
-person. “All Gods are equal. To make a separation from
-the wicked, the village becomes empty.”<a id='r32' /><a href='#f32' class='c009'><sup>[32]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> The Commissioner has made a report to the
-Government recommending the release of my father.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> <em>One is ashes and so is the other</em>; as is the
-Magistrate such is the Commissioner.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> Sir, you know not the Commissioner; and, therefore,
-you spoke thus of him. The Commissioner is very
-impartial, and is always desirous of the improvement of the
-natives.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> Whatever that be; now if, through the blessing
-of God, your father be released, then all shall be well. In
-what condition is he in the gaol?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_66'>66</span><i>Bindu.</i> He is shedding tears day and night, and for
-the last three days has taken no food. Just now I shall
-go to the gaol, and shall make him happy by giving him
-this good news.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter a Chaprasi.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Art thou a chaprasi of the gaol?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Chaprasi.</i> Sir, come quickly to the goal. The Darogah
-has called you.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i><a id='corr66.11'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='Binda'>Bindu</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_66.11'><ins class='correction' title='Binda'>Bindu</ins></a></span>.</i> Have you seen my father this day?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Chaprasi.</i> Come, Sir. I cannot say anything.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i><a id='corr66.13'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='Binda'>Bindu</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_66.13'><ins class='correction' title='Binda'>Bindu</ins></a></span>.</i> Come, Sir (<em>to the Pundit</em>). I don’t suppose all
-good. I go.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit <a id='corr66.15'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='Binda'>Bindu</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_66.15'><ins class='correction' title='Binda'>Bindu</ins></a></span> Madhab and Chaprasi.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Pundit.</i> Yes; let us all go. I think some bad accident
-has taken place.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit both.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>FOURTH ACT—THIRD SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Prison-house of Indrabad.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-<p class='c020'><em>The dead body of Goluk Chunder swinging, bound by his
-outer garment twisted like a rope; the Darogah of the
-Gaol and the Jamadar sitting.</em></p>
-<p class='c013'><i>Darogah.</i> Who is gone to call Babu Bindu Madhab?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Jamadar.</i> Manirodi is gone there. Till the Doctor
-comes, we cannot bring it down.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Darogah.</i> Did not the Magistrate say, he will come here
-this day?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Jamadar.</i> No, Sir, he has four days more to come. At
-Sachigunge on Saturday, they have a Champagne-party and
-ladies’ dance. Mrs. Wood can never dance with any other,
-but our Saheb; and I saw that, when I was a bearer. Mrs.
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_67'>67</span>Wood is very kind: through the influence of one letter, she
-got me the Jamadary of the Jail.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Darogah.</i> Ah! The father of Babu Bindu Madhab
-expressed great sorrow at his not getting food. When Babu
-Bindu sees this, he will quit life.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Bindu Madhab</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>All things are by the will of God.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> What is this! What is this! Ah! ah! My father
-is dead while bound above ground with a rope! I was coming
-to try some means for his release. What sorrow! (<em>places his
-own head on the breast of the dead body, then clasps the
-corpse, and weeps</em>). Oh father! Hast thou at once broken the
-ties of affection towards us? Shalt thou no more praise
-Bindu before other men for his English education? Calling
-Nobin Madhab by the name of “Bhima<a id='r33' /><a href='#f33' class='c009'><sup>[33]</sup></a> of Svaropur;” is
-that now put at an end? You have now made a treaty with
-Bipin (the son of Nobin) with whom you always had a
-quarrel, saying to the eldest Bou, “My mother, my mother.”
-Ah! as in the case of a heron and its mate, with their
-young ones flying in the air, in search of food, if the heron be
-killed by a fowler, the mate with her young ones falls into
-great danger, so shall my mother be when she hears of your
-being put to death, while hung above ground by a rope.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Darogah.</i> (<em>Bringing Babu Bindu aside by taking hold
-of his hands.</em>) Babu Bindu do not be so impatient now. Get
-the permission of the Doctor, and try to take the corpse
-soon to the Amritaghata.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter Deputy Inspector and the Pundit.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Bindu.</i> Darogah, do not speak of anything to me.
-Whatever consultation you have to make, make that with
-the Pundit and the Deputy Inspector. Through sorrow, I
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_68'>68</span>have lost the power of speech; let me take my father’s
-feet once on my breast. (<em>Sits up, taking the feet of Goluk
-on his breast.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> (<em>To the Deputy Inspector.</em>) Let me take
-Bindu Madhab on my lap; you had better unloose the rope.
-It is never proper to keep such a godly body in this hell.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Darogah.</i> It will be necessary to wait for a short time.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> Are you the chowkidar of hell, else why have
-you such a character?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i><a id='corr68.10'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='Daroga'>Darogah</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_68.10'><ins class='correction' title='Daroga'>Darogah</ins></a></span>.</i> Sir, you are wise, you are reproaching me.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter the Doctor.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Doctor.</i> Ho! Ho! Bindu Madhab! God’s will. The Pundit
-is come. Bindu must not leave the College.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> It is not proper for Bindu to leave the College.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> As to our estates and possessions, we have lost
-every thing; at last, our father has left us beggars (<em>weeps</em>);
-how can studying be any more carried on?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> The Indigo Planters have taken away the all
-of Bindu Madhab and his family.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Doctor.</i> I have heard of these Planters from the
-Missionaries and also I have seen them myself. Once as I
-was coming from a certain Planter’s Factory at Matanagara,
-while I was sitting in a village, two ryots of the place
-were passing by the side of my palanquin; one of
-them had some milk with him, which I wanted to
-buy. Immediately, one whispered to the other, “The
-Indigo giant, the Indigo giant.” Then having left the
-milk, they ran off. I asked another ryot, and he said,
-that these persons ran off for fear of being compelled to take
-advances for Indigo; and as I had taken the advance, what
-reason is there for going to his godown. I understood, he
-took me for a planter; I gave the milk into that ryot’s hand,
-and went away from the place.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_69'>69</span><i>D. Inspector.</i> A certain Missionary was passing through a
-village within the concern of Mr. Vally. As soon as the
-ryots saw him, they began to cry aloud, “The Indigo ghost
-is come out, the Indigo ghost is come out;” and having left
-that path, flew into their own houses. But as the ryots
-found, by and by, the bounty, mildness, and forgiving
-temper of these gentlemen, they began to wonder; and as
-much as the Missionaries showed heartfelt sorrow for the tortures
-which the poor people suffered from the Indigo
-Planters, so much the more they began to love them, and to
-have faith in them. Now the ryots say to each other, “All
-bamboos are of one tuft; but of one is made the frame of the
-Goddess Durga, and of another the sweepers basket.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Pundit.</i> Let us take away the dead body.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Doctor.</i> We must be sharp. You can bring it out.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div>(<i>Bindu Madhab and the Deputy Inspector loosening the rope bring out the corpse.</i>)</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit all.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<p class='c021'>FIFTH ACT—FIRST SCENE. | <span class='sc'>Before the Office of the Baghunbari Factory.</span></p>
-<hr class='c022' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Gopinath Das</span> <em>and a Herdsman</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Gopi.</i> How did you get so much information?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cowherd.</i> We are their neighbours; day and night,
-we go to their house. Whenever we are in want of any thing,
-either a little salt or a ladle of oil, we immediately go to them
-and bring it; if the child cry, we bring a little molasses from
-them and give it; we are getting our support for nearly
-seven generations from the Bose family; and can’t we
-get information about them?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Where was Bindu Madhab married?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cowherd.</i> Oh, it is in a village to the west of Calcutta.
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_70'>70</span>In which they wanted to have the Kaistas<a id='r34' /><a href='#f34' class='c009'><sup>[34]</sup></a> wear the poita.
-We cannot satisfy all the Brahmins now in existence in a great
-feast, and still they wanted to increase the number. The father-in-law
-of our young Babu is greatly respected. The Judge or
-Magistrate when they come to him take off their hats.
-Do such men give their daughters to men of these places?
-Observing the improvements in learning made by our young
-Babu, they did not care about the village belonging to ryots.
-People say that the women in cities are showy, and
-that there is no distinction between those who live within
-the house and those who live in the bazar.<a id='r35' /><a href='#f35' class='c009'><sup>[35]</sup></a> But we do
-not at all find a young woman of a mild temper as the Bou
-of the Bose family is. The mother of Goma goes to their
-house every day, still, although she has been married for
-nearly five years, she has never seen her face. We saw her
-only on that day when she came here. We thought
-that the Babus in the city keep company with the Europeans;
-therefore they have brought their females into public
-like English ladies.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> But the Bou is always engaged in attending on
-her mother-in-law.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cowherd.</i> Dewanji, what shall I say? The mother of
-Goma says, I heard a report that, had not the youngest Bou
-been in the house when the news of Nobin being bound by the
-rope and thus killed came, the mistress of the family would
-have died. We heard also that the women in the city treat
-their husbands as sheep (slaves) and murder their parents by
-not giving them any support; but observing this Bou, I now
-know that it is a mere report.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> I think, the mother of Babu Nobin Chunder also
-loves her.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_71'>71</span><i>Cowherd.</i> I don’t see any one in the world whom she
-does not love. Ah! She is an Annapurnah<a id='r36' /><a href='#f36' class='c009'><sup>[36]</sup></a> (full of rice).
-But have you kept the rice that she shall be full of it?<a id='r37' /><a href='#f37' class='c009'><sup>[37]</sup></a> The
-vile Planters have swallowed up the old man, and they are
-now on the point of swallowing up the old woman.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Thou braggart fool, if the Saheb hear this; he will
-bring out your new moon.<a id='r38' /><a href='#f38' class='c009'><sup>[38]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cowherd.</i> What can I do? Is it my desire to sit in
-the Factory and abuse the Sahebs?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> I am very sorry that I have destroyed this man
-of great honour by a false law-suit. I have also felt great
-pain on hearing of Nobin’s severe head-ache and the miserable
-condition of his mother.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cowherd.</i> <em>It is the cold attacking a frog.</em><a id='r39' /><a href='#f39' class='c009'><sup>[39]</sup></a> Dewanji,
-don’t be angry with me, I am as a mad goat; shall I prepare
-the tobacco?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> This stupid fellow of Nanda’s family is very senseless.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cowherd.</i> The Sahebs are doing all: <em>they themselves are
-blacksmiths and at the same time the cimeter; where they
-make one to fall, there they themselves also fall</em>. If
-ruin come upon these Saheb’s Factories, then the people of
-the villages save themselves by bathing.<a id='r40' /><a href='#f40' class='c009'><sup>[40]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> You are very foolish. I don’t want to hear any
-more? Go out, the Saheb will come very soon.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Cowherd.</i> Now, I am going. You must attend to my
-milk bill, and also give me one rupi to-morrow. We shall
-go to bathe in the Ganges.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Cowherd.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><span class='pageno' id='Page_72'>72</span><i>Gopi.</i> <em>I think the thunder-bolt will strike this head,
-which is aching.</em> No one will be able to stop the Saheb in
-sowing the Indigo seed on the sides of your tank. The
-Sahebs did something improper. These persons engaged
-themselves to sow Indigo on fifty bigahs of land, although they
-did not get the full price for the last year. Yet the Sahebs
-are not satisfied; these disputes arose only for certain pieces
-of grounds; and it would have been good for Nobin Bose
-to have given them these—<em>to keep the goddess Sitola<a id='r41' /><a href='#f41' class='c009'><sup>[41]</sup></a> well-pleased
-is the best</em>. Nobin will bite once more even after
-his death. (<em>Seeing the Saheb at a distance</em>). Here the white-bodied
-man with a blue dress is coming. I think, I am
-to remain as a companion with the former Dewan for
-some days.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Mr. Wood</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Wood.</i> There will be a great quarrel at Matanagara:
-and all the latyals will be there. Let no one hear this?
-For this place, make a collection of ten of the poda caste of
-(Surki) brickpowder makers or sellers. I, Mr. Rose, and
-you are to go there. The fool while he has taken his cacha<a id='r42' /><a href='#f42' class='c009'><sup>[42]</sup></a>
-will not be able to increase the row greatly. He is sick;
-then how can he go to bring assistance from the Darogah.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> The extreme weakness to which these are reduced,
-makes it unnecessary to bring any <em>surkiwallá</em> among the
-Hindus, for a person to die with a rope round his neck,
-especially within a prison is very disgraceful; so he is
-greatly punished by this occurrence.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_73'>73</span><i>Wood.</i> You do not understand this. The rascal is become
-very happy on the death of his father. He took the advances
-for a long time only through fear of his father;
-now that fear is gone, and he will do as he likes. The
-rascal has given a bad name to my Factory, and I will imprison
-him to-morrow and keep him along with Mojumdar.
-If the Magistrate be of the same character with him
-of Amaranagara, the wicked people will be able to do every
-thing.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> With respect to what they planned about the case of
-Mojumdar, I cannot say how very terrible it would have
-been, had not Nobin Bose fallen into this great danger. I
-cannot say what they still will do? Moreover, as the
-Magistrate, who is coming, we have heard, is on the
-side of the ryots; and when he comes to the villages, he
-brings along with him his tents.—Observing this, we may say,
-it might occasion great confusion, and also it is somewhat
-fearful.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> You are always puzzling me with speaking of
-fear; the Indigo Planters, in nothing whatever, have any
-fear. If you don’t desire it, leave your business, thou great
-fool!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Sir, fear comes on good grounds. When the former
-Dewan was put in prison, his son came to ask for the
-last six months’ salary of his father. On which you told him
-to make an application. Then, on his making the application,
-you again said the salary cannot be given before the accounts
-are closed. Honored Sir, is this the judgment on a servant
-when he is put in prison?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Did not I know this? Thou stupid, ungrateful
-creature! What becomes of your salaries? If you did not
-devour the price of the Indigo, would there be any deadly
-Commission? Would the poor ryots have gone to the
-Missionaries with tears in their eyes? You, rascal, have
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_74'>74</span>destroyed every thing. If the Indigo lessen in quantity, I
-shall sell your houses and indemnify myself; thou arrant
-coward, hellish knave!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Sir, <em>we are like butcher’s dogs: we fill our bellies
-with the intestines</em>. Had you, Sir, taken the Indigo from
-the ryots in the very same way as the (Mahajans) factors take
-the corn from their debtors, then the Indigo Factories would
-never have suffered such disgrace; there would have been
-no necessity for an overseer and the khalasis, and the people
-would never have reproached me with saying “Cursed
-Gopi! Cursed Gopi!”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Thou art blind, thou hast no eyes.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter an Umadar</em> (<em>an Apprentice</em>).</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>I have seen with my own eyes (<em>applying his hand to his
-own eyes</em>) the Mahajans go to the ricefield, and quarrel
-with the ryots (their debtors). Ask this person.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Apprentice.</i> Honored Sir, I can give many examples of
-that. The ryots say, it is through the grace of the Indigo
-Planters only that we are preserved from the hands of the
-Mahajans.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> (<em>Aside, to the Apprentice.</em>) My child, it is vain
-flattery. No employment is vacant now. (<em>To Mr. Wood</em>)
-It is true that the Mahajans go to the rice-fields and dispute
-with the ryots; but if your Honor had been acquainted
-with the mysterious intention of the Mahajans in going to
-the fields and raising disputes, you would never have compared
-with the going of the Mahajans to the fields, the
-punishment of the poor with Shamchand resembling the
-tortures which Lakhman, the son of Sumitra, suffered by
-the Sacti-sela,<a id='r43' /><a href='#f43' class='c009'><sup>[43]</sup></a>—while they are without food.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_75'>75</span><i>Wood.</i> Very well, explain it to me. There must be some
-reason why these fools speak to us of every thing else; but
-of the Mahajans they don’t say a single word.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Honored Sir, these debtors, whatever sum of money
-they require for the whole year, they take from the Mahajans,
-and that quantity of rice which is necessary for them for
-that time, they also take from their creditors. At the end
-of the year, the debtors clear their debts either by selling the
-tobacco, sugar-cane, sesamum, and other things which they
-have, and then giving the sum collected to their creditors with
-the interest on the sum for the time; or by giving those very
-articles according to the market price: and of the corn
-which grows, they send to the Mahajans’ houses, a part half-prepared.
-That which remains proves sufficient for the expenses
-of the family for three or four months. If through
-famine or any improper expenses of the debtors, there fall
-any arrears in their supplies, the remainder of the debt is
-carried into the new account-book. Then, by and by, the remainder
-is filled up. The Mahajans never bring an action
-against their debtors; consequently the falling into arrears
-appears to them, as it were, a present loss. I suppose
-the Mahajans for that reason, sometimes go to the fields,
-observe the preparation of the rice and also enquire
-whether the extent of land for which the debtors
-have asked the revenue from them, is all cultivated
-with grain. Some inexperienced persons, taking under
-false pretences a larger sum than is necessary, and thus being
-burdened with heavy debts, cause losses on the part of the
-Mahajans and also themselves suffer great trouble. The Mahajans
-go to the fields for stopping these, and not like “Indigo
-Giants” (<em>strikes his tongue</em>).<a id='r44' /><a href='#f44' class='c009'><sup>[44]</sup></a> Sir, the stupid, shameless
-Mahajans speak thus.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_76'>76</span><i>Wood.</i> I see, Saturn<a id='r45' /><a href='#f45' class='c009'><sup>[45]</sup></a> has come upon you to your destruction;
-else why art thou become so very inquisitive, and
-why so presumptuous, you stupid, incestuous brute?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Sir, we are made to swallow abuse, to submit to
-shoe-beating, and also we are the men to go to the Shrighur<a id='r46' /><a href='#f46' class='c009'><sup>[46]</sup></a>
-(the prison); the men should there be a dispensary or school
-in the Factory you get the credit; should there be murders,
-we are the men. When I come to you for advice, you, Sir,
-become angry. That anxiety which I have felt for the
-law-suit of the Mojumdars, is only known to the Lord of all.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> The fool is such, that whenever I tell him to do
-any action requiring courage, he brings to my ears the law-suit
-of the Mojumdar. I am saying always that thou art an ignorant
-fool; why don’t you become satisfied with sending
-Nobin Bose to the godown of Sochigunge.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Thou, Sir, art the parent of this poor man; it
-would be good, if for the benefit of thy poor servant, thou
-sendest him once to Nobin Bose to ask him about this case.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Wood.</i> Stop, thou upstart of a son. Shall I go to
-meet a dog for you? You coward son of a Kaista<a id='r47' /><a href='#f47' class='c009'><sup>[47]</sup></a> (<em>throws
-him down with kicks</em>). Were you sent as a witness to the Commission,
-you would have ruined every thing, you diabolical
-niggar (<em>two kicks more</em>); with such a tongue you shall do
-your work like a Caot,<a id='r48' /><a href='#f48' class='c009'><sup>[48]</sup></a> you stupid Kaet. Were it not for
-your work on to-morrow, I would send you to the jail.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Mr. Wood and the Apprentice.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Gopi.</i> (<em>Rubbing his body all over and rising up</em>). A
-person becomes the Dewan of an Indigo Planter after being
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_77'>77</span>born a vulture<a id='r49' /><a href='#f49' class='c009'><sup>[49]</sup></a> seven hundred times; else, how are
-numberless stockings digested?<a id='r50' /><a href='#f50' class='c009'><sup>[50]</sup></a> Oh! what kickings! Oh!
-the fool is, as it were, the wife of a student who is out of
-College.<a id='r51' /><a href='#f51' class='c009'><sup>[51]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'>(<em>Aside</em>) Dewan, Dewan.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Gopi.</i> Your servant is present. Whose turn is it?</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b c016'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>“In the sea of love are many waves.”</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Gopi.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>FIFTH ACT—SECOND SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Bedroom of Nobin Bose.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><i>Aduri crying when preparing Nobin’s bed.</i></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><em>Aduri.</em> Ah! ha! ha! where shall I go? My heart is on
-the point of bursting. They have beaten him so severely
-that the pulse is moving very slowly; our mistress will die
-as soon as she sees this. When Nobin was taken by force to
-the Factory, they were tearing themselves and weeping under
-the shade of that tree; but when brought towards our house,
-they did not see that.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>(<em>Aside.</em>) We shall take him into the house.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> Bring him into the house. None of them are here.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Sadhu</span> <em>and</em> <span class='sc'>Torapa</span> <em>bearing the senseless Nobin on their shoulders</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sadhu.</i> (<em>Making Nobin Madhab to lie on the bed.</em>)
-Madam, where art thou?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> They began to see, standing under the tree.
-When this person (<em>pointing to Torapa</em>) flew away with him,
-we thought he was taken to the Factory. They began to
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_78'>78</span>tear themselves under the tree. I came to the house to
-call certain persons. Will our mistress remain alive when
-she sees this dead son? Do you stand here; let me call them
-here.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Aduri.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter the Priest.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Priest.</i> Oh God, hast thou killed such a man! Hast thou
-stopped the provision of so many men! We do not find any
-such symptom that our eldest Babu will sit up again.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> God’s will. He can give life to a dead man.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Priest.</i> On the third day, Bindu Babu, according to the
-Shastras, celebrated the offering of the funeral cake (<em>pindadán</em>)
-on the banks of the Ganges; it is only through the entreaties
-of his mother that preparations are being made for the monthly
-ceremony (<em>shradh</em>). It was determined that after the celebration
-of the ceremony, their dwelling place is to be
-removed; and I also heard that they will no more meet with
-that cruel Saheb; then why did he go there to-day?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Our eldest Babu has no fault, nor has he any
-want of judgment. Our madam and the eldest Bou forbad
-him many times. They said, “During the days we are
-to remain here, we will bathe with the water of the well, or
-Aduri will bring the water from the tank; we shall have no
-trouble.” The eldest Babu said “With a present of 50 Rupis,
-I shall fall at the Saheb’s feet, and thus stop the cultivation
-of the Indigo on the side of the tank, and shall speak nothing
-of the dispute in such a dangerous time.” With this intention
-our eldest Babu took me and Torap with him, and going
-there with tears in his eyes, said to the Saheb, “Saheb, I bring
-you a present of 50 Rupis; only for this year, stop the
-cultivation of the Indigo in this place: and if this be not
-granted, take the money, and delay that business only till the
-time when the ceremony is to be performed.” There is sin
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_79'>79</span>even in repeating the answer which the wretch gave, and the
-hairs of our body stood on an end. The rascal said, “Your
-father was hung in the jail of the Yabans<a id='r52' /><a href='#f52' class='c009'><sup>[52]</sup></a> with thieves and
-robbers; therefore keep your money for the sacrifice of many
-bulls which are necessary for his ceremony.” Then placing his
-shoe on one of the eldest Babus knees, he said “This is the
-gift for your father’s ceremony.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Priest.</i> Narayan! Narayan.<a id='r53' /><a href='#f53' class='c009'><sup>[53]</sup></a> (<em>Placing his hand on his
-ears</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Instantly the eyes of the eldest Babu became
-red like blood, his whole body began to tremble, he bit his
-lips with his teeth and then remaining silent for a short time
-gave the Saheb a hard kick on the breast, so that he fell
-on the ground upside down like a bundle of <i>bena</i> (a certain
-grass). Kes Dali, who is now the jamadar of the Factory, and
-other ten surkiola immediately stood round him. The eldest
-Babu had once saved these from the hands of robbers; so they
-felt a little ashamed to raise their hand against him. Mr. Wood
-gave a blow to the jamadar, took the stick out of his hand
-and smote with it the head of the eldest Babu. The head
-was cracked, and he fell down senseless on the ground; I tried
-much, but was not able to go into that crowd. Torapa was
-observing this from a distance: and as soon as the men
-stood round the eldest Babu, he with violence rushed into
-this crowd like an obstinate buffalo, took him up, and
-flew off.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> I was told “to stand at a distance, lest they take
-me away by force.” The fools hate me very much; do I
-hide myself when there is a tumult? If I had gone a little
-before, I would have brought the Babu safe, and would have
-sacrificed two of those rascals in the Durgah of Borkat Bibi
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_80'>80</span>(the temple of Benediction). My whole body is shrunk on observing
-the head of the Babu; then, when shall I kill
-these? Oh! oh! the eldest Babu saved me so many times,
-but I was not able to save him once. (<em>Beats his forehead
-and cries.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Priest.</i> I see a wound from a weapon on his breast.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> As soon as Torapa rushed into the crowd, the
-young Saheb struck the Babu with the sword. Torapa saved
-the Babu by placing his hand in front of his own, which
-was cut, and there was the sign of a slight bruise on the
-Babu’s breast.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Priest.</i> (<em>Deeply thinking for some time, reads</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>“<em>Man knows this for certain, that understanding and
-goodness are necessary in the friend, the wife, and in
-servants.</em>” I do not see a single person in this large house;
-but a person of a different caste and of another village, is
-weeping near the Babu. Ah! the poor man is a day-laborer,
-and his very hand is cut off. Why is his face all daubed
-over with blood?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> When the young Saheb struck his hand with
-the sword, like an ichneumon making a noise when its
-tail is cut off, he in agony from the pain of his hand
-flew off after seizing with a bite the nose of the elder
-Saheb.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Torapa.</i> That nose I have kept with me, and when the
-Babu will rise up alive again I will show him that (<em>shows
-the nose cut off</em>). Had the Babu been able to fly off himself,
-I would have taken his ears; but I would not have killed
-him, as he is a creature of God.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Priest.</i> Justice is still alive. The Gods were saved from
-the injustice of Ravana, when the nose of Surpanaka was
-cut off: shall not the people be saved from the tyranny
-of the Indigo Planters by the cutting off of the elder
-Saheb’s nose?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_81'>81</span><i>Torapa.</i> Let me now hide myself; I shall fly off in the
-night. That fool will overturn the whole village on account
-of his nose.</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-r c000'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>(<em>Exit Torapa bowing down twice on the</em></div>
- <div class='line in2'><em>earth near Nobin Madhab’s bed.</em>)</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><em>Sadhu.</em> So very weak is our madam become by the
-death of her husband, that there is no doubt she will die, when
-she sees Babu Nobin in this condition. I applied so much
-water, rubbed my hand over the head so long; but nothing
-is bringing him to his senses again. You, Sir, call him once.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Priest.</em> Eldest Babu! Eldest Babu! Nobin Madhab!
-(<em>with tears in his eyes</em>) Guardian of ryots! Giver of food!
-moving his eyes now! Ah! The mother will die immediately.
-When she heard of his being bound with ropes above ground,
-she resolved not to take the rice of this sinful world for ten
-days. This is the fifth; this morning, Nobin Madhab taking
-hold of her shoulders shed much tears and said, “Mother,
-if thou dost not take food this day, then I shall never
-take the rice with the clarified butter; thus placing the sin
-of disobedience to the mother on my head; but shall remain
-without food.” On which the mother kissing her son
-Nobin, said, “My son, I was a queen, now am I become the
-mother of a king. I would never have been sorry, had I once
-been able to place his<a id='r54' /><a href='#f54' class='c009'><sup>[54]</sup></a> feet on my head at the time when
-he departed this life. Did such a virtuous person die an
-inauspicious death? It is for this reason that I am remaining
-without food. Ye are the children of this poor woman;
-looking on you and Bindu Madhab, I shall, this day, take
-for my food the orts of our reverend priest. Do not shed
-your tears before me.”</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Aside, cries of sorrow.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'>Coming.</p>
-
-<p class='c020'><span class='pageno' id='Page_82'>82</span><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Sabitri</span>, <span class='sc'>Soirindri</span>, <span class='sc'>Saralota</span>, <span class='sc'>Aduri</span>, <span class='sc'>Reboti</span>,
-<em>the Aunt of Nobin, and other women of the neighbourhood</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>There is no fear, he is still alive.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> (<em>Observing Nobin on the point of death.</em>)
-Nobin Madhab! my son, my son, my son, where, where,
-where art thou! Oh! Alas!</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Falls senseless.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>With tears in her eyes.</em>) Oh young Bou!
-take hold of our mother-in-law; let me once see the Lord
-of my life, in the fulness of my heart. (<em>Sits near the mouth
-of Nobin.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Priest.</i> (<em>To Soirindri.</em>) My daughter, thou art a great
-lover of thy husband, a woman of constancy; the frame of
-thy body was created in a good moment. For one who is so
-entirely devoted to her husband, and who has every thing
-good on her part, Fortune may give life to her husband again;
-he is moving his eyes, serve him without fear. Sadhu, remain
-here till our madam be in her senses.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Priest.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sadhu.</i> Just see and place your hand on her nose. The
-body is become stiffer than that of a dead body.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> (<em>Speaking slowly to Reboti, after placing the
-hand on the nose.</em>) Her breathing is full, but the fire coming
-out of the head is so very intense that my throat, as it
-were, burns.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Has the Gomastah (head clerk) fallen into the
-hands of the Sahebs while he is gone to bring the physician?
-Let me go to the lodging-house of that physician.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Sadhu.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> Ah! Ah, my Lord! that mother for whose
-abstinence from food thou hast grieved so much; that mother,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_83'>83</span>for whose weakness thou hadst served her feet; that mother,
-who for some days was, by no means, able to sleep without
-placing thee in her lap, that very same dear mother is now
-lying senseless before thee, and thou art not seeing her once
-(<em>seeing Sabitri</em>). <em>As the cow losing her young one wanders
-about with loud cries, then being bit by a serpent falls down
-dead on the field</em>; so the mother is lying senseless on the
-ground being grieved for her dear son. My Lord open thine eyes
-once more; call thy maid-servant<a id='r55' /><a href='#f55' class='c009'><sup>[55]</sup></a> once more with thy sweet
-voice and thus satisfy her ears once. The sun of happiness
-has set at noon for me; what shall my Bipin do? (<em>With tears
-in her eyes falls upon the breast of Nobin Madhab.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Ye who an here take hold of our sister.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>Rising up</em>). I became an orphan while very
-young; it is for this death-like Indigo that my father was
-taken to the Factory, and he returned no more. That
-place became to him the residence of Yama (Death). My
-poor mother took me to the house of my maternal uncle, and
-there through grief for her husband, she bade adieu to the
-world. My uncles preserved me; I remained like a flower
-accidently let fall from the hand of the gardener. My Lord
-took me up with love and increased my honour. I forgot the
-sorrow for my parents, and in the life of my husband my
-parents were, as it were, revived (<em>deep sigh</em>). All my griefs
-are rising up anew in my mind. Ah! If I be deprived of
-that husband who keeps every thing under the shade of
-his protection, I shall again become the same helpless orphan.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin’s Aunt.</i> (<em>Raising her with the hands</em>). What fear
-my daughter? Why become so full of anxiety? A letter
-is sent to Bindu Madhab to bring a doctor. He will be
-cured when the doctor comes. (<em>Falls down upon the
-ground.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_84'>84</span><i>Soirindri.</i> My aunt-in-law, while I was a girl I made a
-celebration of a certain religious observance; and placing
-my hands on the Alpana<a id='r56' /><a href='#f56' class='c009'><sup>[56]</sup></a> (the white-washing prepared for
-the festival) prayed for these blessings: that my husband be
-like Rama, my mother-in-law like Kousalya, my father-in-law
-like Dasaratha, my brother-in-law like Lakshman. My aunt!
-God gave me more than I prayed for. My husband is as Raghunath
-(Rama) brave and a provider of his dependants; my
-mother-in-law is as Kousalya, having a sweet speech and an
-earnest love for her sons’ wives; my father-in-law is always
-happy in saying Badhumata, Badhumata,<a id='r57' /><a href='#f57' class='c009'><sup>[57]</sup></a> and is the brightener
-of the ten sides.<a id='r58' /><a href='#f58' class='c009'><sup>[58]</sup></a> Bindu Madhab, who surpasses the autumnal
-moon in purity, is dearer to me than was Lakshman-deva
-to Sita-devi. My aunt, all has taken place according to my
-desire; only there is one in which I find some disagreement—I
-am still alive. Rama is making preparations for going
-to the forests, but there is no preparation for Sita’s going with
-<a id='corr84.18'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='him'>him.</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_84.18'><ins class='correction' title='him'>him.</ins></a></span><a id='r59' /><a href='#f59' class='c009'><sup>[59]</sup></a> Ah! he was so much grieved on the abstinence of his
-father; again, he took the cacha for the celebration of his
-funeral ceremony; but before that was done he is preparing
-to go up to heaven (to die.) (<em>Looking on his face with a steady
-sight</em>) Ah! his lips are dry. Oh! my friends and companions,
-call my Bipin at once from the school; I shall once
-more (<em>with weeping eyes</em>) through his hands pour a little water
-of the Ganges into his dry mouth. (<em>Places her mouth on that
-of his.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_85'>85</span><em>All at once.</em> Ah! Ah!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Nobin’s Aunt.</em> (<em>Takes hold of her body and raises her.</em>)
-My daughter, do not speak such words now (<em>weeps</em>);
-if my sister were in her senses, her heart would have
-been burst.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Oh! mother, my desire is that my husband be
-happy in a future state in the same proportion as he had
-suffered misery in this. My Lord, I your bond-maid will
-pray to God for life; thou wast most virtuous, the
-doer of great good to others and the supporter of the
-poor. The Great Lord of the Universe, who provides for
-the helpless, must give you a place. Ah! take me,
-my Lord, with thee, that I may supply thee, with the
-flowers for the worship of God. “Ah! what loss! what
-ruin! I see that Rama is going to the wilderness leaving
-his Sita alone. What shall I do? Where shall I go?
-and how shall I preserve my life? Oh friend of the
-distressed, Oh Romanath! Oh Great Wealth of the
-woman, supply me some means in this distress, and preserve
-me. I see that Nobin Madhab is now being burnt in
-the fire of Indigo. Oh, Lord of the distressed! Where is
-my husband going now, making me unfortunate and without
-support,” (<em>placing her hand on the breast of Nobin, and
-raising a deep sigh</em>). The husband now takes leave of his
-family, having placed all at the feet of God. Oh Lord, than
-who art the sea of mercy, the supporter of the helpless, now
-give safety, now save!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Sister, our mother-in-law has opened her eyes;
-but is looking on me with a distorted countenance, (<em>weeping</em>).
-My sister, our mother-in-law never turned her face towards me
-with eyes so full of anger.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Ah! ah! our mother-in-law loves Saralota so
-much, that it is through insensibility only that with such an
-angry face she had thrown this champa on the burning
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_86'>86</span>pot.<a id='r60' /><a href='#f60' class='c009'><sup>[60]</sup></a> Oh my sister, do not weep now; when our mother-in-law
-becomes sensible she will again kiss you and with great
-affection call you “the mad-woman’s daughter.” (<em>Sabitri
-rises up and sits near Nobin; and looking steadily on him,
-with certain expressions of pleasure</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> There is no pain so excessive as the delivery of
-a child, but that invaluable wealth which I have brought
-forth made me forget all my sorrows on observing its face
-(<em>weeping</em>). Ah! if Madam Sorrow did not write a letter to
-Yama (Death) and thus kill my husband, how very much
-would he have been pleased on seeing this child. (<em>Clasps
-with her hand</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>All at once.</i> Ah! ah! she is become mad.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Nurse, put the child once more on my lap; let
-me pacify my burnt limbs. Let me once more kiss it in the
-name of my husband. (<em>Kisses Nobin</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Mother, I am your eldest Bou; do you not see
-me. Your dear Rama is senseless; he is not able to speak now.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> It would speak when it shall first get rice. Ah,
-ah, had my husband been living what great joy! How many
-musical performances! (<em>Weeps</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> It is misfortune upon misfortune! Is my
-mother-in-law mad now?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Take our mother-in-law from the bed, my sister;
-let me take care of her.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Did you write such a letter, that there is no
-musical performance on this day of joy? (<em>Looking on all sides
-and having risen from the bed by force, then going to
-Saralota</em>) I do entreat thee, falling at thy feet, madam, to send
-another letter to Yama, and bring back my husband for once.
-Thou art the wife of a Saheb; else why shall I fall at thy feet?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_87'>87</span><i>Saralota.</i> My mother-in-law, thou lovest me more than a
-mother, and such words from your mouth have given me more
-pain than that of death. (<em>Taking hold of the two hands of
-Sabitri</em>) Observing this your state, my mother, fire is, as it
-were, raining on my breast.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Thou strumpet, stupid woman, and a Yabana,
-why dost thou touch me on this eleventh day of the moon?<a id='r61' /><a href='#f61' class='c009'><sup>[61]</sup></a>
-(<em>Takes off her own hand</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> On hearing such words from your mouth I
-cannot live (<em>lies down on the ground taking hold of her
-mother-in-law’s feet</em>). My mother, I shall take leave of this
-world at your feet. (<em>Weeps</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> This is good, that the bad woman is dead.
-My husband is gone to heaven; but thou shalt go to hell.
-(<em>Claps with her hand and laughs</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> (<em>Rising up</em>). Ah! ah! our Saralota is very
-good-natured. Now having heard harsh words from her
-mother-in-law, she is become exceedingly sorry! (<em>To Sabitri</em>)
-Come to me, mother.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Nurse, hast thou left the child alone? Let me
-go there. (<em>Goes to Nobin hastily, and sits near him</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> (<em>To Sabitri</em>). Oh my mother! Dost thou call
-that young Bou a bad woman, who you said was incomparable
-in the village; and without whose taking food you never took
-food. My mother, you do not hear my words; we were
-trained by you, you gave us much food.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Come on the Ata Couria<a id='r62' /><a href='#f62' class='c009'><sup>[62]</sup></a> of the child, and I
-shall give you many sweetmeats.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Nobin’s Aunt.</i> My sister, Nobin will be alive again; do not
-be mad.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_88'>88</span><i>Sabitri.</i> How did you know this? That name is known to
-no one. My father-in-law said, when my daughter-in-law gets
-a child, I shall give it (if male) the name “Nobin Madhab.”
-Now the child is born, I shall give it that name. My husband
-always said, When shall the child be born, and I shall call him
-by the name “Nobin Madhab” (<em>weeps</em>). If he had been
-alive, he would have satisfied that desire on this day. (<em>Aside,
-a sound</em>). There, the musicians are coming. (<em>Claps with her
-hands</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Bou, go into that room, the physician is
-coming.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Sadhu Churn</span> <em>and the Physician</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='lg-container-r c000'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>(<em>Exit Saralota, Reboti, and all the neighbouring</em></div>
- <div class='line in2'><em>women; and Soirindri, putting</em></div>
- <div class='line in2'><em>a veil on her head, stands in</em></div>
- <div class='line in2'><em>one side of the room.</em>)</div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Our madam has risen up.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> (<em>Weeps.</em>) Is it because that my husband is not
-here that you have left your drums at home.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Aduri.</i> She has no understanding; she is become
-entirely insane. She called that dead elder Haldar
-“My infant child,” and chastised the young Haldar’s wife,
-calling her an European’s wife. That young woman is weeping
-severely. Again, she is calling you musicians.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> So great a misfortune has now come to pass!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> (<em>Sitting near Nobin</em>). It is very probable
-and also according to the Nidana<a id='r63' /><a href='#f63' class='c009'><sup>[63]</sup></a> that while she is not
-taking food for the death of her husband, and while she has
-seen this miserable condition of her dearest son, she should
-become thus. It is necessary to see her pulse <a id='corr88.30'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='one'>once</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_88.30'><ins class='correction' title='one'>once</ins></a></span>. Madam,
-let me observe <a id='corr88.31'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='they'>thy</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_88.31'><ins class='correction' title='they'>thy</ins></a></span> pulse once. (<em>Stretching out his hand
-towards her</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_89'>89</span><i>Sabitri.</i> Thou vile man must be a creature of the
-Factory, else why dost thou want to take hold of the hand
-of the woman of a good family? (<em>rising up</em>). Nurse keep
-your eyes upon the child; I go to take a little water. I
-shall give you a silk <em>sarhi</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> Ah! the light of the understanding will not
-brighten again. I will send the Hima Sagara Toila (a medicinal
-oil) which is now necessary for her (<em>observing the pulse
-of Nobin</em>). His pulse is only very weak, but I do not find
-any other bad symptom. The doctors are ignorant in other
-matters, but in anatomical operations they are very expert.
-The expense will be heavy, but it is of urgent necessity to
-call one in.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> A letter has been sent to the young Babu to
-come along with a doctor.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> That is very good.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter Four Relatives.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>First.</i> We never even dreamt that such an accident would
-come to pass. At noon-day, some were eating, some bathing,
-and some were going to lie down in their beds after
-dinner. I heard of it now.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Second.</i> The stroke on the head appears fatal. What
-ill-fated accident! There was no probability of a quarrel on
-this day; or else, many of the ryots would have been
-present.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Two hundred ryots with clubs in their hands
-are crying aloud, “Strike off, Strike off,” and are weeping
-with these words in their mouths, “Ah! eldest Babu! Ah
-eldest Bahu!” I told them to go to their own houses, since
-if the Saheb get the least excuse, he will, on account <a id='corr89.30'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='of the of the'>of the</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_89.30'><ins class='correction' title='of the of the'>of the</ins></a></span> pain in his nose, burn the whole village.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> Now, wash the head and apply turpentine
-to it; in the evening, I shall come again and try some other
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_90'>90</span>means. To make noise in a sick person’s room is to increase
-his disease; so, let there be no noise here.</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-r'>
- <div class='linegroup'>
- <div class='group'>
- <div class='line'>(<em>Exit the Physician, Sadhu Churn and the</em></div>
- <div class='line in3'><em>relatives in one way, and Aduri, the other;</em></div>
- <div class='line in3'><em>Soirindri, sits down</em>). <em>The curtain falls.</em></div>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div>
- <h2 class='c007'>FIFTH ACT—THIRD SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Room of Sadhu Churn.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><i>On one side, Khetromani in great torment on her bed, and Sadhu; on the other side, Reboti, sitting.</i></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Khetro.</i> Sweep over my bed; mother, sweep over my bed!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> My dear, dear daughter, why art thou doing so?
-I have swept on the bed; there is nothing then on the coat
-of shreds. I have placed another which your aunt gave.<a id='r64' /><a href='#f64' class='c009'><sup>[64]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Khetro.</i> Thorns are pinching me, I die! I die! Oh! turn
-me to my father’s side.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> (<em>Silently turning her to the other side. To himself</em>).
-This agony is the presage to death. (<em>Openly</em>)
-Daughter, thou art the precious jewel of this poor man; my
-daughter, take a little food. I have brought some pomegranates
-from Indrabad, and also the ornamented sarhi;
-but you did not at all express your pleasure when you saw
-that.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> How very extravagant are my <a id='corr90.24'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='daugther’s'>daughter’s</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_90.24'><ins class='correction' title='daugther’s'>daughter’s</ins></a></span> desires!
-She said once, give me a flower garland at the time of <em>Semonton</em>.
-What is that countenance now become? What shall I
-do! Oh oh! Oh oh! (<em>Places her mouth on the mouth
-of her daughter</em>). Ah! my Khetro of gold is become a
-piece of charcoal. Where are the pupils of the eye? See, see.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_91'>91</span><i>Sadhu.</i> Khetromani! Khetromani! Open your eyes fully
-my daughter.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Khetro.</i> My mother! my father! All, it is an axe!
-(<em>Turns on the other side</em>).<a id='r65' /><a href='#f65' class='c009'><sup>[65]</sup></a></p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Let me take her on my lap; she will remain
-quiet there. (<em>Comes to take her on her lap</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Do not take her up; she will faint.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Am I so very unfortunate! Ah! Ah! My
-Harana is as Kartika on his peacock.<a id='r66' /><a href='#f66' class='c009'><sup>[66]</sup></a> How can I forget
-him? Dear me! my Siva!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Raychurn is gone a long time ago; he is not yet
-come.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Our eldest Babu preserved her from the grasp of
-the tiger. The young Saheb killed my daughter, and the
-elder one killed the eldest Babu. Ah! Ah! there is no
-one to preserve the poor.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> What virtuous actions have I done, that I shall
-see the face of my grand-child?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Khetro.</i> My body is cut off—a cracked Tangrah (a fish)
-Ah! ah!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> I think the ninth of the moon is closed;<a id='r67' /><a href='#f67' class='c009'><sup>[67]</sup></a> my
-image of gold is to go to the water, and what means shall
-I have? Who shall call me mother! mother! Did you
-bring her for this purpose. (<em>Taking hold of Sadhu’s neck,
-weeps</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Be silent, don’t weep now; she will faint.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_92'>92</span><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Raychurn</span> <em>and the Physician</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Physician.</i> How is she now? Did you give her that
-medicine?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> The medicine did not act, and whatever went
-down immediately came up by a vomit. See her pulse once
-more now; I think, it is n sign of her end.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> She is crying out, thorns, thorns. I have prepared
-her bed so thickly,<a id='r68' /><a href='#f68' class='c009'><sup>[68]</sup></a> still she is tossing about. Now save
-her by a good medicine. Dear Sir, this relative is very
-dear unto me.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> We don’t see any sign of the pulse.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> (<em>Taking hold of the hand</em>). In this state,
-it is good for the pulse to be weak. “Weakness makes the
-pulse strong; to have a strong pulse is fatal.”</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> At this time, it is the same thing either to
-apply or not to apply the medicine. The parents have hope
-to the very end; therefore, see, if there be any means.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> The water with which the Atapa (dried rice)
-is washed, is now necessary. The application of the Shuchikavaran
-(a medicine) is required.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> That Atapa which the Barah Renee sent for
-offerings of prayer is in the other room. Raychurn, bring
-that here.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit Raychurn.</em>)</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Reboti.</i> Is Annapurnah<a id='r69' /><a href='#f69' class='c009'><sup>[69]</sup></a> now awake, that she shall with
-the rice in her hands come to me my Khetromani? It is
-through my ill-fate that our mistress is become mad.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> She is already full of sorrow for the death
-of her husband; again, her son is on the point of death; her
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_93'>93</span>insanity is on the increase. I think she shall die before
-Nobin; she is become very weak.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Sir, how did you find our eldest Babu, to-day?
-I think, with his pure blood he has extinguished the fire of
-tyranny of the giants, the Indigo Planters. It is probable,
-that the Indigo Commission might produce to the ryots
-some advantages; but what effect has that? If one hundred
-serpents do bite at once my whole body I can bear that;
-if on a hearth made of bricks, a frypan placed full of
-molasses, and the same be boiling by a great fire, I can also
-bear the torments, if by accident I fall into the pan; if in the
-dark night of the new-moon a band of robbers with terrible
-sounds come upon and kill my only son who is honest and
-very learned, take away all the acquisitions made during the
-past seven generations, and then make me blind: all these
-also, I can bear; and in the place of one, even if there be
-ten Indigo Factories in the village, that also I can allow;
-but to be separated even for a moment from that elder Babu
-who is so much the supporter of his dependants, that can I
-never bear.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> The blow through which the brain has oozed
-out is fatal. I have found the pulse indicate that death is
-near; either at mid-day or in the evening, life will depart.
-Bipin gave a little water of the Ganges in his mouth, but it
-came out by its sides. Nobin’s wife is quite distracted; but
-she is trying her utmost for his safety.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Ah! Ah! Had our mistress not been insane, her
-heart would have been burst asunder on seeing this. The
-doctor has also said, that the bruise on the head is fatal.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> The doctor is a very kind-hearted man: when
-Babu Bindu wanted to give him money, he said, “Babu
-Bindu, the manner in which you are already troubled makes
-it improbable that the ceremony of your father will be performed.
-I cannot take any thing from you now, and also it
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_94'>94</span>is not necessary for you to give money for the bearers who
-brought me and who will now take me away.” Had the
-doctor been of a hard heart, he would have taken away the
-money kept for the ceremony. I have seen that kind of
-doctors twice; he is as scurrilous as avaricious.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Our young Babu brought along with him the
-doctor to see Khetromani; but he said nothing with certainty.
-The doctor observing my want, owing to the tyranny
-of the Planters, gave me two rupees in the name of
-Khetromani.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> Had the doctor been hard-hearted he
-would have taken hold of the hand, and said, she would
-die; and he would have taken the money by selling
-your kine.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> I can give money by selling off whatever I have,
-if they can only cure my Khetro.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><i>Enter</i> <span class='sc'>Raychurn</span> <em>with the rice</em>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Physician.</i> Having washed the rice, bring the water here.
-(<em>Reboti takes the rice</em>). Do not give much water. I see the
-plate is very beautiful.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Our mistress (Sabitri) went to Gya and brought
-many plates; and she gave this to my Khetro. Ah! the
-same mistress is now turned mad, and her hands are bound
-with a rope, because she is slapping her cheeks.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> Sadhu, bring the stone-mortar, I have the
-medicine here. (<em>Opens his box of medicine.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sadhu.</i> Sir, don’t bring out your medicine; just see, how
-her eyes appear. Raychurn, come here.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> Oh mother! What is my fate now! Oh mother,
-how shall I forget the figure of Harana! Oh! Oh! Oh Khetro,
-Oh Khetro! Khetromoni! daughter. Wilt thou not speak
-any more, my daughter? Oh! Oh! Oh! (<em>Weeps</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> Her end is very near.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_95'>95</span><i>Sadhu.</i> Raychurn take hold of her, take hold of her
-(<em>Sadhuchurn and Raychurn take Khetramoni from <a id='corr95.2'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='the.'>the</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_95.2'><ins class='correction' title='the.'>the</ins></a></span>
-bed, and go out-side</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Reboti.</i> I cannot leave my Laksmi of gold to float on
-the water. Where shall I go? Had she lived with the Saheb,
-that would have been better. I would have remained at rest
-by seeing her face. My daughter, ho! ho! ho! (<em>Goes behind
-Khetra, slapping herself</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Physician.</i> I die! I die! I die! What pains does the
-mother bear! It is good not to have a child.</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>(<em>Exit all.</em>)</div>
-
-<div class='figcenter id002'>
-<img src='images/bar.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c007'>FIFTH ACT—FOURTH SCENE. <br /> <span class='sc'>The Hall in the House of Goluk Chunder Basu.</span></h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c012' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c003'>
- <div><em>Sabitri sitting with the dead body of Nobin on her lap.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Sabitri.</i> Let my dear child sleep; my dear keeps my heart
-at rest. When I see the sweet face, I remember that other
-face<a id='r70' /><a href='#f70' class='c009'><sup>[70]</sup></a> (<em>kisses</em>). My child is sleeping most soundly (<em>rubs the
-hand over the head of the corpse</em>). Ah! what have the musquitoes
-done? What shall I do for the heat? I must not lie
-down without letting the curtains fall (<em>rubs the hand on the
-breast of the body</em>) Ah! Can the mother suffer this, to see the
-bugs bite the child and let drops of blood come out. No one is
-here to prepare the bed of the child; how shall I let it lie
-down. I have no one for me; but all are gone with my
-husband. (<em>Weeps</em>). Oh unfortunate creature that I am!
-I am crying with my child here (<em>observing the face of
-Nobin</em>). The child of the sorrowful woman is now making
-deala<a id='r71' /><a href='#f71' class='c009'><sup>[71]</sup></a> (<em>kissing the mouth</em>). No, my dear, I have forgotten
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_96'>96</span>all distress in seeing thee; I am not weeping (<em>placing the
-pap on its mouth</em>); my dear, suckle the pap, my dear, suckle
-it; I entreated the bad woman so much, even fell at her feet,
-still she did not bring my husband for once; he would have
-gone after settling about the milk of the child. This stupid
-person has such a friendship with Yama, that if she had written
-a letter, he would have immediately given him leave (<em>seeing
-the rope in her hand</em>). The husband never gets salvation
-if on his death the widow still wears ornaments; although
-I wept with such loud cries, still they made me wear the
-shanka.<a id='r72' /><a href='#f72' class='c009'><sup>[72]</sup></a> I have burnt it by the lamp, still it is in my
-hands (<em>cuts off the rope with her teeth</em>). For a widow to wear
-ornaments it does not look good and is not tolerable. On my
-hands there has arisen a blister (<em>cries</em>). Whoever has
-stopped my wearing the shanka, let her shanka be taken
-off within three days<a id='r73' /><a href='#f73' class='c009'><sup>[73]</sup></a> (<em>snaps the joints of her fingers on the
-ground</em>). Let me prepare the bed myself (<em>prepares the bed in
-fancy.</em>) The mat was not washed (<em>extends her hands a
-little</em>). I can’t reach to the pillow; the coat of shreds is become
-dirty, (<em>rubs the floor with her hands</em>). Let me make the
-child lie down (<em>placing the dead body slowly on the ground.</em>)
-My son, what fear near a mother? You lie down peacefully.
-I shall spit here (<em>spits on its breast</em>). If that Englishman’s
-lady come here this day, I shall kill her by pressing down her
-neck. I shall never have my child out of my sight. Let me
-place the bow round it (<em>gives a mark with her finger round
-the floor, while reading a certain verse as a sacred formula
-read to a God</em>). “The froth of the serpent, the tiger’s nose,
-the fire prepared by the Sala’s<a id='r74' /><a href='#f74' class='c009'><sup>[74]</sup></a> resin, the whistling of the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_97'>97</span>swinging machine, the white hairs of seven co-wives<a id='r75' /><a href='#f75' class='c009'><sup>[75]</sup></a>—<em>bhanti</em><a id='r76' /><a href='#f76' class='c009'><sup>[76]</sup></a>
-leaves, the flowers of the <em>dhuturá</em>, the seeds of the
-Indigo, the burnt pepper, the head of the corpse, the root of
-the <em>maddar</em>, the mad dog, the thief’s reading of the Chundi;
-these together make the arrow to be directed against the
-gnashing teeth of Yama.”</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Saralota</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Saralota.</i> Where are these gone to? Ah! she is turning
-round the dead body. I think, my husband, tired with
-excessive travelling, has given himself up to Sleep, that
-goddess who is the destroyer of all sorrows and pains. Oh
-Sleep! how very miraculous is thy greatness, thou makest
-the widow to be with her husband in this world, thou bringest
-the traveller to his country; at thy touch, the prisoner’s
-chain breaks; thou art the Dhannantari<a id='r77' /><a href='#f77' class='c009'><sup>[77]</sup></a> of the sick; thou
-hast no distinction of castes in thy dominions; and thy laws
-are never different on account of the difference of nations or
-castes; thou must have made my husband a subject of thy
-impartial power; or else, how is it, that the insane mother
-brings away the dead son from him. My husband is become
-quite distracted by being deprived of his father and his brother.
-The beauty of his countenance has faded by and by,
-as the full-moon decreases day by day. My mother, when
-hast thou come up? I have left off food and sleep, and am
-looking after thee continually; and did I fall into so much
-insensibility; I promised, that I shall bring thy husband from
-Yama, (Invisible) in order to cure thee, and therefore thou
-remainedest quiet for <a id='corr97.28'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='sometime'>some</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_97.28'><ins class='correction' title='sometime'>some</ins></a></span>. In this formidable night, so
-full of darkness, like unto that which shall take place on the
-destruction of the Universe; when the skies are spread over
-with the tenors of the clouds, the ashes of lightning are
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_98'>98</span>giving a momentary light, like the arrows of fire, and the
-race of living creatures are given up, as it were, to the sleep
-of Death; all are silent; when the only sound is the cry of
-jackals in the wilderness and the loud noise of the dogs, the
-great band of enemies to thieves. My mother, how is it
-possible, that in such a night as this then wast able to bring
-thy dead son from out-side the house. (<em>Goes near the corpse</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> I have placed the circle; and why do you come
-within it?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Ah! my husband can never be able to live on
-seeing the death of this his land-conquering and most dear
-brother. (<em>Weeps</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> You are envying my child; you all-destroying
-wretch, the daughter of a wretch! Let your husband die.
-Go out, just now; be out; or else, I shall place my foot on
-your throat, take out your tongue and kill you immediately.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Ah! such Shoranan<a id='r78' /><a href='#f78' class='c009'><sup>[78]</sup></a> (six-mouthed) of gold,
-whom our father-in-law and mother-in-law had, is now gone
-into the water.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Don’t look on my child; I forbid you—you
-destroyer of your husband. I see, your death is very near.
-(<em>Goes a little towards her</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Ah! how very cruel are the formidable arms of
-Death? Ah Yama! you gave so much pain to my honest
-mother-in-law.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Calling again! Calling again! (<em>takes hold of Saralota’s
-neck by her two hands and throws her down on the
-ground</em>). Thou stupid, beloved of Yama. Now will I
-kill thee (<em>stands upon her neck</em>). Thou hast devoured my
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_99'>99</span>husband; again, thou art calling your paramour to swallow
-my dear infant. Die, die, die, die now. (<em>Begins to skip upon
-the neck.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Saralota.</i> Gah, a, a, (<em>death of Saralota.</em>)</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Bindu Madhab</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Bindu.</i> Oh! She is lying flat here. Oh mother, what is
-that? Thou hast killed my Saralota (<em>taking hold of Saralota’s
-head</em>). My dear Sarala has left this sinful world. (<em>After
-weeping, kisses Saralota.</em>)</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> Gnaw the wretch and destroy her. She was calling
-Yama to devour my infant; and therefore I killed her.
-(<em>Standing on her neck</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> As the mother, having destroyed the child whom
-she was fondling for making it sleep on her lap, on awaking
-will go to destroy herself, so wilt thou, Oh my mother! go to
-kill thyself, if thine insanity passing off thou can’st understand,
-that thy most beloved Saralota was murdered by
-thee. It will be good if that lamp no more give its light to
-thee. Ah! how very pleasant it is for a woman to be mad,
-who has lost her husband and son! The deer-like mind being
-enclosed within the stone walls of madness can never be
-attacked by the great tiger Sorrow. I am thy Bindu
-Madhab.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> What, what do you say?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> Mother, I can no longer keep my life, becoming
-mad by the death of my father bound by the rope, and the
-death of my older brother; thou hast destroyed my Saralota,
-and thus hast applied salt to my wounded heart.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Sabitri.</i> What! Is my Nobin dead! Is my Nobin dead!
-Ah, my dear son, my dear Bindu Madhab! Have I killed
-your Saralota? Have I killed my young Bou by becoming mad
-(<em>embracing the dead body of Saralota</em>). I would have remained
-alive, although deprived of my husband and my son.
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_100'>100</span>Ah, but on murdering you by my own hands, my heart is on
-the point of being burnt. Ho! Ho! Mother, (<em>embracing
-Saralota, she falls down, dead on the ground</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> (<em>Placing his hand on Sabitri’s body.</em>) What
-I said, took place actually. My mother died on recovering
-her understanding. What affliction! My mother will no more
-take me on her lap, and kiss me. Oh mother! the word
-mama will no more come out of my mouth, (<em>weeps</em>). Let me
-place the dust of her feet on my head (<em>takes the dust from
-her feet and places that on his own head</em>). Let me also
-purify my body by eating that dust. (<em>Eats the dust of
-her feet</em>).</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Soirindri</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Soirindri.</i> I am going to die with my husband; do not
-oppose me, my brother-in-law? My Bipin shall live happily
-with Saralota. What’s this, what’s this? Why are our
-mother-in-law and <a id='corr100.17'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='bou'>Bou</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_100.17'><ins class='correction' title='bou'>Bou</ins></a></span> both lying in this manner?</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Bindu.</i> Oh eldest Bou! our mother first killed Saralota,
-then getting her understanding again, she fell into such excess
-of sorrow, that she also died.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Now! In what manner? What loss! What
-is this! What is this! Ah! Ah! my sister, thou hast not yet
-worn that most pleasant lock of hair on the head which I
-prepared for thee! Ah! ah! thou shalt no more call me, sister
-(<i>cries</i>). Mother-in-law, thou art gone to your Rama, but
-did’st not let me go there. Oh my mother-in-law, when I
-got thee, I did not for a moment remember my mother.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>Enter</em> <span class='sc'>Aduri</span>.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c013'><i>Aduri.</i> Oh eldest Haldarni, come soon; thy young Bipin
-is afraid.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><i>Soirindri.</i> Why did you not call me thence? You left
-him there alone. (<em>Goes out hastily with Aduri</em>).</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_101'>101</span><i>Bindu.</i> My Bipin is now the pole-star in the ocean of
-dangers! (<em>with deep sigh</em>). In this world of short existence,
-human life is as the bank of a river which has a most violent
-course and the greatest depth. How very beautiful are the
-banks, the fields covered over with new grass, most pleasant
-to the view, the trees full of branches newly coming out;
-in some places the cottages of fishermen; in others the
-kine feeding with their young ones. To walk about in such
-a place enjoying the sweet songs of the beautiful birds, and
-the charming gale full of the sweet smell of flowers, only
-wraps the mind in the contemplation of that Being who is
-full of pleasure. Accidentally, a hole small as a line is observed
-in the field, and immediately that most pleasant bank falls
-down into the stream. How very sorrowful! The Bose family
-of Svaropur is destroyed by Indigo, the great destroyer of
-honour. How very terrible are the arms of Indigo!</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>The cobra de capello, like the Indigo Planters, with
-mouths full of poison, threw all happiness into the flame of
-fire. The father, through injustice, died in the prison; the
-elder brother in the Indigo-field, and the mother, being insane
-through grief for her husband and son, murdered with her
-own hands a most honest woman. Getting her understanding
-again, and observing my sorrow, the ocean of grief again
-swelled in her. With that disease of sorrow came the poison
-of want; and thus without attending to consolation, she also
-departed this life. Incessantly do I call, Where is my father?
-Where is my father? Embrace me once more with a smiling
-face. Crying out, Oh mother! Oh mother! I look on all sides;
-but that countenance of joy do I find no where. When I used
-to call, Mama, she immediately took me on her breast, and rubbed
-my mouth. Who knows the greatness of maternal affection?
-The cry of mama, mama, mama, mama do I make in
-the battle-field and the wilderness whenever fear arises in
-the mind. Oh my brother, dear unto the heart, in the place
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_102'>102</span>of whom there is not one, as a friend in this world! Thy Bindu
-Madhab is come! open thine eyes once more and see. Ah!
-ah! it bursts my heart, not to know where my hearts Sarala
-is gone to. The most beautiful, wise, and entirely devoted to
-me; she walked as the swan,<a id='r79' /><a href='#f79' class='c009'><sup>[79]</sup></a> and her eyes were handsome as
-those of the deer. With a smiling face and with the sweetest
-voice, thou didst read to me the <em>Betal</em>. The mind was
-charmed by thy sweet reading which was as the singing of
-the bird in the forest. Thou, Sarala, hadst a most beauteous
-face, and didst brighten the lake of my heart. Who did
-take away my lotus with a cruel heart? The beautiful lake
-became dark. The world I look upon is as a desert full of
-corpses; while I have lost my father, my mother, my brother,
-and my wife.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'>Ah! where are they gone to in search of the dead body
-of my brother? I am to prepare for going to the Ganges as
-soon as they come. Ah! how very terrible, the last scene of
-the drama of the lion-like Nobin Madhab is? (<em>Sits down,
-taking hold of Sabitri’s feet</em>).</p>
-
-<div class='c014'>[<em>The curtain falls down.</em></div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c000'>
- <div><em>FINIS.</em></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='c023' />
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
- <div class='nf-center'>
- <div>Calcutta Printing and Publishing Press, No. 10, Weston’s Lane.</div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c024' />
-</div>
-<div class='chapter'>
- <h2 class='c007'>Footnotes</h2>
-</div>
-<hr class='c025' />
-<div class='footnote' id='f1'>
-<p class='c001'><span class='label'><a href='#r1'>1</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><em>Shamchand</em> is an instrument made of leather, used by the Planters
-for beating the ryots.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f2'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r2'>2</a>. The Mahomedans and all other nations who are not Hindus, are called
-by that name.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f3'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r3'>3</a>. Here the word is used sarcastically; and is taken to mean the brother
-of the wife.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f4'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r4'>4</a>. The name of a beautiful yellow flower.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f5'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r5'>5</a>. There is a play here an the words <em>Dádan</em> and <em>Gádan</em>.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f6'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r6'>6</a>. An instrument made use of for breaking down buildings.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f7'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r7'>7</a>. Yama is Death, the king of terror.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f8'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r8'>8</a>. This is a term which is applied to one’s son’s wife; but sometimes,
-though rarely, it means wife.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f9'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r9'>9</a>. This is only a quotation, explaining, by an example, the eagerness of the
-mind when the desire in once excited.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f10'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r10'>10</a>. This pronoun “his” refers to the husband of Saralota.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f11'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r11'>11</a>. This is a <a id='corr19.32'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='Bengalli'>Bengali</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_19.32'><ins class='correction' title='Bengalli'>Bengali</ins></a></span> term signifying sometimes <em>right</em> and sometimes
-<em>a witch</em>.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f12'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r12'>12</a>. The word Rajah is here pronounced in an odd form; and it has reference
-to those rajahs who were against widow marriage. As the word is pronounced
-by a woman of the lower class, it is spelt here incorrectly.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f13'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r13'>13</a>. The iron circlet worn by a woman on her left hand, is the mark or sign
-of the husband being alive.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f14'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r14'>14</a>. Referring to Khetromani.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f15'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r15'>15</a>. Referring to Podi Moyrani (sweet-meat maker).</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f16'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r16'>16</a>. A dunda is equal to 24 English minutes.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f17'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r17'>17</a>. Belata means England.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f18'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r18'>18</a>. This refers to a certain practice in India of the Bride-groom going to the
-houses of relatives amid great feasting, before the celebration of the marriage.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f19'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r19'>19</a>. These are all words used by Mahomedans in times of great alarm; and
-here it is used to express the fear of ghosts.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f20'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r20'>20</a>. It is very like Shamchand.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f21'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r21'>21</a>. Referring to Soirindri, the wife of Nobin Madhab.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f22'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r22'>22</a>. This expression “striking the axe on my feet” signifies ruining myself.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f23'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r23'>23</a>. That is, had the intrigue used by Ray not been detected, it would have
-proved very advantageous.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f24'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r24'>24</a>. All these signify that let Death come upon thee.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f25'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r25'>25</a>. The word “you” refers to the Indigo Planters.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f26'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r26'>26</a>. This number, five, here referred to, are the persons whom he was trying
-to bring on his side for the law-suit.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f27'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r27'>27</a>. This expression “had been hanged for six months,” is only used sarcastically.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f28'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r28'>28</a>. That is, as the deer feels disquieted when exposed in a volcano, so is my
-mate troubled by the many anxieties in my mind.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f29'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r29'>29</a>. When the rice in cleansed from its husks by being placed in the sun,
-instead of being boiled, it is called the Atapa rice.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f30'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r30'>30</a>. That is, this is his last leave.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f31'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r31'>31</a>. The word parrot here refers to Saralota. As the parrot is generally an
-object of fondness to persons, so Saralota was called a parrot, because she was
-much loved by her mother-in-law.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f32'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r32'>32</a>. This is a proverb, signifying you cannot separate the tares from wheat.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f33'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r33'>33</a>. Bhima or Brikadar was the second brother of Yudhistra and the second
-sond of Pandu.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f34'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r34'>34</a>. The writer class among the Natives of this country.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f35'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r35'>35</a>. Signifying the distinction between the women or a good and that of a
-licentious character.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f36'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r36'>36</a>. This is one of the names of Durga, meaning the goddess of Plenty.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f37'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r37'>37</a>. Signifying, have you not taken away her whole possession? Then, how
-can she show her pity by supporting the poor?</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f38'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r38'>38</a>. That is, he will make every thing dark to you, as at the time of the
-new moon. In short, he will kill you.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f39'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r39'>39</a>. That is, nothing; as the cold has no effect on the frog.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f40'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r40'>40</a>. That is, purify themselves by bathing.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f41'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r41'>41</a>. Sitola is the goddess of the small-pox; and the meaning of the above is
-that if that goddess be kept satisfied, the disease of the small-pox cannot
-come; and if come, will pass away.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f42'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r42'>42</a>. This refers to Nobin Bose. The cacha signifies the piece of cloth kept
-by the sons on the death of their parents for one month, when the pinda or
-offering to the dead is made.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f43'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r43'>43</a>. Lakhman was the brother of Rama. When they were gone to make
-war with Ravana of Lunka, (Ceylon) in a certain battle Lakhman suffered
-very much by the Sacti-sela (the name of a superior engine in a battle).</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f44'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r44'>44</a>. This is a sign of shame or fear.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f45'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r45'>45</a>. The planet Saturn is said to have a very bad influence. Whenever it
-comes upon one, the utter ruin of that person is thought very near.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f46'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r46'>46</a>. Ironically, the house of Prosperity.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f47'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r47'>47</a>. The Kaista is the caste of writers.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f48'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r48'>48</a>. Caot is the name of a mean caste, and the word Kaet is only a common
-<a id='corr76.34'></a><span class='htmlonly'><ins class='correction' title='orm'>form</ins></span><span class='epubonly'><a href='#c_76.34'><ins class='correction' title='orm'>form</ins></a></span> of expression for the term Kaista.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f49'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r49'>49</a>. The vulture is taken for a detestable bird.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f50'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r50'>50</a>. Signifying, else how can he bear so many kickings?</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f51'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r51'>51</a>. This is said only in reference to his dress.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f52'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r52'>52</a>. This term Yabans has reference to the Mahomedans, the Europeans.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f53'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r53'>53</a>. The name of Vishnu, God.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f54'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r54'>54</a>. This pronoun “his” stands for Goluk Chunder, the father of Nobin
-Madhab.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f55'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r55'>55</a>. The term maid-servant here refers to Soirindri, the wife of Nobin
-Madhab.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f56'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r56'>56</a>. It is a general custom in this country to apply the alpana on the floor
-nearly in all religions observances.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f57'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r57'>57</a>. This term signifies the wife of one’s son.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f58'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r58'>58</a>. This expression, “the brightener of the ten sides” signifies that he did
-good wherever he went. The ten sides are the north, south, east, west,
-north-east, north-west, south-east, south-west, the top, and the under sides.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f59'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r59'>59</a>. The reference here is to the wanderings of Rama in the wilderness of the
-Deccan. The signification of the original is that while the husband Nobin is
-he on the point of death, there is no preparation for his wife to die with him.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f60'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r60'>60</a>. That is, she had expressed so much anger against her; or as the original,
-thrown her into the burning-pot of disgust and hatred. The Champa is
-the name of a fragrant yellow flower.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f61'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r61'>61</a>. This day in kept sacred by the widows of this country.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f62'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r62'>62</a>. A certain ceremony performed on the eighth day after the birth for
-securing its good fortune.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f63'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r63'>63</a>. A treatise on the science of medicine.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f64'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r64'>64</a>. Reboti says, My daughter, what is it that gives you so much pain? The
-bed is all over cleared, there is nothing that can trouble the body.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f65'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r65'>65</a>. These are words which are expressed through great grief.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f66'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r66'>66</a>. Kartika is taken to be the most lovely in appearance among the gods—the
-symbol of male beauty. He is the son of Siva and Doorgah.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f67'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r67'>67</a>. Here, the reference is to the last of the three days in which the goddess
-Doorgah is worshipped; and the last day is taken to be one of great pain,
-because on that day she is to take her departure from her parents to go to
-her husband Siva.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f68'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r68'>68</a>. Thickly prepared signifies many coverings of the bed placed one above
-another.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f69'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r69'>69</a>. It is one of the names of Doorgah. The term signifies “full of rice,”
-or the Goddess of Plenty.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f70'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r70'>70</a>. The face of her husband.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f71'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r71'>71</a>. It sometimes happens, that during sleep the child either cries or
-laughs; that is called, the Deala of the child.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f72'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r72'>72</a>. An ornament made of shell for the wrists of women.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f73'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r73'>73</a>. That is, let her become a widow within three days, who has made
-me so.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f74'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r74'>74</a>. The Sala is the native name of the tree <em>Shorea robusta</em>.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f75'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r75'>75</a>. The wives of the same husband.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f76'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r76'>76</a>. <em>Volkmeria odorata.</em></p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f77'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r77'>77</a>. Dhannantari is the Physician of the Gods.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f78'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r78'>78</a>. Shoranan is one of the names of Kartikeya. In this place, it refers to
-Nobin Madhab, on account of the great honor which he had acquired from
-the people of the country; and he is compared with Kartikeya, because he
-had much honour among the gods.</p>
-</div>
-<div class='footnote' id='f79'>
-<p class='c010'><a href='#r79'>79</a>. The gait of the swan is considered in this country the most beautiful
-model of the motion of the feet.</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c000' />
-</div>
-<p class='c010'><a id='endnote'></a></p>
-<div class='tnotes'>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
- <div class='nf-center'>
- <div><span class='large'>Transcriber’s Note</span></div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'>Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected, and
-are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the original,
-including those which occur in the footnotes. Minor lapses of punctuation
-in the formatting of the dialog itself are corrected without comment here.</p>
-
-<table class='table0' summary=''>
-<colgroup>
-<col width='12%' />
-<col width='69%' />
-<col width='18%' />
-</colgroup>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_18.31'></a><a href='#corr18.31'>18.31</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>how many days are there still remaining of this month[./?]</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_19.32'></a><a href='#corr19.32'>19.32</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>This is a Bengal[l]i term</td>
- <td class='c027'>Removed.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_24.1'></a><a href='#corr24.1'>24.1</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>I shall take her away by certain latyals[.]</td>
- <td class='c027'>Added.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_24.15'></a><a href='#corr24.15'>24.15</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>Did you inform Sadhu of this[./?]</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_34.19'></a><a href='#corr34.19'>34.19</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>but one of my friends[./,] Bonkima by name,</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_42.5'></a><a href='#corr42.5'>42.5</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>like unto one leading a [,/.]</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_45.11'></a><a href='#corr45.11'>45.11</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>business of the Amin[;/,] then this kind</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_46.6'></a><a href='#corr46.6'>46.6</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>My dear, you can, with [c/e]ase, give</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_48.7'></a><a href='#corr48.7'>48.7</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>My hea[s/r]t bursts</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_65.13'></a><a href='#corr65.13'>65.13</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>the Kazi (the Mahomedan judge)[./?]</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_66.11'></a><a href='#corr66.11'>66.11</a></td>
- <td class='c026'><i>Bind[a/u].</i> Have you seen my father this day?</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_66.13'></a><a href='#corr66.13'>66.13</a></td>
- <td class='c026'><em>Exit Bind[a/u] Madhab and Chaprasi</em></td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_66.15'></a><a href='#corr66.15'>66.15</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>(<em>Exit Bind[a/u] Madhab and Chaprasi.</em>)</td>
- <td class='c027'>Replaced.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_68.10'></a><a href='#corr68.10'>68.10</a></td>
- <td class='c026'><i>Daroga[h].</i> Sir, you are wise</td>
- <td class='c027'>Added.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_76.34'></a><a href='#corr76.34'>76.34</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>a common [f]orm of expression for the term Kaista.</td>
- <td class='c027'>Restored.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_84.18'></a><a href='#corr84.18'>84.18</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>there is no preparation for Sita’s going with him[.]</td>
- <td class='c027'>Added.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_88.30'></a><a href='#corr88.30'>88.30</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>It is necessary to see her pulse on[c]e.</td>
- <td class='c027'>Added.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_88.31'></a><a href='#corr88.31'>88.31</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>let me observe the[y] pulse once.</td>
- <td class='c027'>Removed.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_89.30'></a><a href='#corr89.30'>89.30</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>on account [of the ]of the pain in his nose</td>
- <td class='c027'>Redundant.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_90.24'></a><a href='#corr90.24'>90.24</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>How very extravagant are my daug[th/ht]er’s desires!</td>
- <td class='c027'>Transposed.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_95.2'></a><a href='#corr95.2'>95.2</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>take Khetramoni from the[.] bed</td>
- <td class='c027'>Removed.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_97.28'></a><a href='#corr97.28'>97.28</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>and therefore thou remainedest quiet for some[ ]time.</td>
- <td class='c027'>Added.</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td class='c026'><a id='c_100.17'></a><a href='#corr100.17'>100.17</a></td>
- <td class='c026'>Why are our mother-in-law and [b/B]ou both lying in this manner?</td>
- <td class='c027'>Capitalized.</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Nil Darpan; or, The Indigo Planting
-Mirror, by Dinabandhu Mitra
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