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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #54026 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/54026)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3,
-September 1850, by Various
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3, September 1850
-
-Author: Various
-
-Editor: George Rex Graham
-
-Release Date: January 19, 2017 [EBook #54026]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GRAHAM'S MAGAZINE, SEPT 1850 ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Mardi Desjardins & the online Distributed
-Proofreaders Canada team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net from
-page images generously made available by Google Books
-
-
-
-
-
- GRAHAM’S MAGAZINE.
- Vol. XXXVII. Sept, 1850. No. 3.
-
-
- Table of Contents
-
- Fiction, Literature and Articles
-
- Shakspeare—Analysis of Macbeth
- Pedro de Padilh (continued)
- A Visit to Staten Island
- Woodlawn: or the Other Side of the Medal
- “What Can Woman Do?”
- The Bride of the Battle
- Doctrine of Form
- Coquet _versus_ Coquette
- The Genius of Byron
- Rail and Rail Shooting
- The Fine Arts
- Mandan Indians
- Review of New Books
-
- Poetry, Music and Fashion
-
- Ode
- Lines in Memory of My Lost Child
- Evening
- The Wasted Heart
- A Health to My Brother
- On a Portrait of Cromwell
- A Sea-Side Reverie
- Audubon’s Blindness
- Sonnets
- On the Death of General Taylor
- “Psyche Loves Me.”
- To the Lost One
- Outward Bound
- He Comes Not
- The Bright New Moon of Love
- Barcarole
- Le Follet
-
- Transcriber’s Notes can be found at the end of this eBook.
-
- * * * * *
-
- GRAHAM’S MAGAZINE.
-
- Vol. XXXVII. PHILADELPHIA, September, 1850. No. 3.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- SHAKSPEARE.
-
-
- ANALYSIS OF MACBETH.
-
-
- BY HENRY C. MOORHEAD.
-
-
-The reader who has not considered the subject in Ulrici’s point of view,
-will, perhaps, scarcely be prepared, at first sight, to believe that the
-two plays of Macbeth and the Merchant of Venice, have the same
-“ground-idea;” that both are, throughout, imbued with the same
-sentiment, yet he will readily perceive the similarity of the leading
-incidents of these plays. Shylock insists on the literal terms of his
-bond, and “stands for judgment,” according to the strict law of Venice.
-He is entitled to a pound of flesh; “the law allows it, and the court
-awards it;” but his bond gives him no drop of blood, and neither more
-nor less than just a pound. Thus the _letter of the law_, on which he
-has so sternly insisted, serves in the end to defeat him. In like manner
-Macbeth relies with fatal confidence on the predictions of the weird
-sisters, that “none of woman born shall harm Macbeth;” and that he
-“shall never vanquished be till Birnam wood do come to Dunsinane.” The
-predictions are more _literally_ fulfilled than he anticipated, and that
-very strictness of interpretation makes them worthless.
-
-Now it is from these incidents—both of the same import—that the
-respective themes of these plays are drawn; hence those themes are
-substantially the same, and may be thus expressed:
-
-_The relation of form to substance—of the letter to the spirit—of the
-real to the ideal._ But the different aspects in which this idea is
-presented are multiform; as empty, superfluous words; ambiguities,
-equivocations, irony, riddles, formality, prescription, superstition;
-witches, ghosts, dreams, omens, etc., etc.
-
-The reason and the propriety of the introduction of the witches in
-Macbeth, has often been a subject of speculation. It may be remarked in
-general, that Shakspeare always follows very closely the original story
-on which his plot is founded. The question as to any given circumstance,
-therefore, generally is rather why he has _retained_ than why he has
-_introduced_ it. In the history of Macbeth, as he read it in the old
-chronicles, he found the weird sisters, and also their _equivocal
-predictions_; and it was upon these predictions as a “ground-idea,” (as
-has already been observed,) that he constructed the play. The witches,
-therefore, were not introduced for the sake of the play, but it might
-rather be said the play was written for the sake of the witches.
-
-
- ACT I.
-
-The prevailing modification of the theme, in the early part of the play,
-is “the ambiguity of appearances.” The 1st scene merely introduces the
-witches, who are themselves _ambiguous_, and so is their language; “fair
-is foul, and foul is fair.” They appear amidst thunder and lightning,
-and a hurly-burly of empty words.
-
-In the 2d Scene a bleeding soldier enters, and gives an account of the
-battle, and of the achievements of Macbeth and Banquo. Mark how he
-dwells on the _doubtful aspect_ of the fight:
-
- “Doubtfully it stood;
- As two spent swimmers that do cling together,
- And choke their art.”
-
-He represents fortune as smiling at first on Macdonwald’s cause; but
-brave Macbeth, “disdaining fortune,” soon turned the tide of victory.
-But another revulsion follows, “and from the spring whence comfort
-seemed to come, discomfort flows.” The Norweyan lord suddenly renews the
-assault, but victory at last falls on Macbeth and Banquo. Ross now
-enters and describes the fight, dwelling in like manner on the
-_uncertainty_ which attended it; and Duncan, declaring that the Thane of
-Cawdor shall no more _deceive_ him, orders his execution. It is worthy
-of remark also, that the view here presented of Macbeth’s character is
-purely _formal_ or _sensual_. Physical strength and bull-dog courage are
-alone spoken of. Swords “smoking with bloody execution,” “reeking
-wounds,” and “heads fixed on battlements,” compose the staple of his
-eulogy.
-
-_Scene_ 3d—Enter the three witches. There is an idle repetition of
-words. The offense of the sailor’s wife is visited upon her husband, who
-is, however, to encounter only the _appearance_, not the _reality_ of
-destruction. A certain _combination of numbers_ completes the charm.
-
-Macbeth and Banquo now encounter the weird sisters on the heath.
-Macbeth’s exclamations relate chiefly to the _ambiguity_ of their
-_appearance_. He says, they “look not like the inhabitants of the earth,
-and yet are on it.” They “_seem_ to understand me.”
-
- They should be women,
- And yet their beards forbid me to interpret
- That they are so.
-
-The witches then salute Macbeth in terms which are to him
-_incomprehensible_. They call him Thane of Cawdor, which he is, but does
-not know it. They also salute Banquo in ambiguous language: “Lesser than
-Macbeth and greater.” “Not so happy, yet much happier,” etc., etc.
-
-The witches now “melt into the wind;” upon which Banquo says,
-
- The earth hath _bubbles_ as the water has,
- And these are of them.
-
-Ross and Angus now enter and salute Macbeth as Thane of Cawdor, who,
-finding the prediction of the witches verified in this particular, asks
-Banquo whether he does not hope his children shall be kings. Banquo’s
-answer points to the _ambiguity_ of appearances,
-
- That trysted home,
- Might yet enkindle you unto the crown,
- Besides the Thane of Cawdor. But ’tis strange;
- And oftentimes to win us to our harm,
- The instruments of darkness tell us truths;
- Win us with honest trifles to betray us
- In deepest consequence.
-
-Macbeth falls into meditation on the subject; thinks this “supernatural
-soliciting” cannot be ill, because it has already given him earnest of
-success; cannot be good, because it breeds horrid suggestions in his
-mind. The appearances are _ambiguous_ and bewilder him. Banquo,
-observing his abstraction, remarks that new honors come upon him like
-“strange garments,” wanting the _formality_ of use to make them sit
-easy.
-
-The next Scene, (the 4th) though a short one, contains several very
-pointed references to the central idea. Malcolm reports to Duncan that
-Cawdor, when led to execution, had frankly confessed his treasons;
-whereupon Duncan says,
-
- There’s no art
- To find the mind’s construction in the face;
- He was a gentleman on whom I built
- An absolute trust.
-
-This reflection is commonplace enough in itself, but is rendered
-eminently striking by his cordial reception of Macbeth the next moment;
-he hails as his deliverer, and enthrones in his heart, the man who is
-already meditating his destruction, and that very night murders him in
-his sleep. Thus precept and example concur in teaching the _uncertainty
-of appearances_. Again Duncan says:
-
- My _plenteous joys_,
- Wanton in fullness, seek to hide themselves
- In _drops of sorrow_.
-
-He then declares his intention to confer _appropriate_ honors on all
-deservers, and renews his expressions of confidence in Macbeth.
-
-The subject is now presented in a slightly different aspect. Whereas the
-ambiguity of form or appearance has heretofore been insisted on, the
-leading idea is now the agreement of form with substance; the
-correspondence of appearances with the reality.
-
-Macbeth writes to his wife, informing her of what has happened, that she
-may not “lose the dues of rejoicing,” but be able to conform to their
-new circumstances. Her reflections on the occasion abound with
-illustrations of the theme. She fears his nature; it is too full of the
-milk of human kindness to “catch the nearest way.” He cannot rid himself
-of what she considers mere ceremonious scruples; “what he would highly
-that he would holily;” whilst she thinks only of the end they aim at,
-she apprehends that he will stand upon _the manner_ of reaching it. An
-attendant now informs her of Duncan’s unexpected approach; and she falls
-into a soliloquy which is singularly adapted to the theme. The “hoarse
-raven;” the invocation to night; her wish to be unsexed, and that her
-milk might be turned to gall, etc., etc. When Macbeth arrives, she says
-to him:
-
- Your face, my thane, is as a book, where men
- May read strange matters; _To beguile the time_,
- _Look like the time_; bear welcome in your eye,
- Your hand, your tongue; look like the innocent flower,
- But be the serpent under it.
-
-In the next scene she practices that dissimulation which she has
-reproached Macbeth for wanting. Her reception of Duncan is full of
-ceremony and professions of duty.
-
-The 7th Scene opens with the great soliloquy of Macbeth, “If it were
-done, when ’tis done,” etc. He dwells on the _incongruity_ of his
-killing Duncan, who is there in double trust; “First as I am his kinsman
-and his subject; then as his host.” Duncan, too, “has borne his
-faculties so meek;” has been “so clear in his great office;” “he has
-honored me of late;” and “I have bought golden opinions from all sorts
-of people.” He resolves at last that he will proceed no further in the
-business. Lady Macbeth now enters to “chastise him with the valor of her
-tongue.” In the course of the argument that ensues, Macbeth shows _his_
-regard for _appearances_ by saying:
-
- I dare do all that may become a man,
- Who dares do more is none.
-
-whilst she shows _her_ respect for the strictness of the letter by
-declaring that _had she so sworn_ as he has done to this, she would,
-whilst her babe was smiling in her face, have “plucked her nipple from
-his boneless gums,” and dashed his brains out. She then proposes to
-drench the attendants with wine, and smear them with Duncan’s blood, so
-that suspicion may fall on them; also, “we will make our griefs and
-clamor roar upon his death.” And here the first act ends with these
-words:
-
- Away and mock the time with fairest show;
- False face must hide what the false heart doth know.
-
-
- ACT II.
-
-In the 2d Act the same idea of _correspondence_ is pursued, and the
-propensity of the imagination to embody ideas which press upon the mind
-is dwelt upon.
-
-In the first scene Banquo, when ordering the light to be removed, says:
-“Night’s candles are all out; there’s husbandry in Heaven.” This
-imagery, no doubt, very naturally suggests itself; but herein lies the
-peculiar art of these plays; there is seldom any thing forced or
-strained in the narrative or sentiment, the events and reflections fall
-in naturally and gracefully; and yet the same general idea is always
-kept in the foreground.
-
-Macbeth tells Banquo if he will co-operate with him it shall be to his
-honor; the latter intimates his fear of losing the _substance_ by
-grasping at the _shadow_; “So I lose none in seeking to augment it,”
-etc. Then comes the fearful soliloquy of Macbeth on the air-drawn
-dagger. So intensely does the bloody business “inform to his mind,” that
-his very thoughts cast a shadow, and the object of his meditation stands
-pictured before him. All the imagery of the speech also embodies the
-central idea.
-
-The next scene (the 2d) is full of horrible imaginings. So fearful are
-the workings of Macbeth’s conscience, that, in spite of his guilt, we
-pity as much as we abhor him; and all these exclamations of remorse and
-horror allude so plainly to the theme that I need not dwell on them.
-Lady Macbeth is seldom troubled with scruples, but takes “the nearest
-way” to her purpose. Thus she says,
-
- The sleeping and the dead,
- Are but as pictures: ’tis the eye of childhood
- That fears a painted devil.
-
-Yet even her stern nature, which bore down all real obstacles, yielded
-to the merely formal circumstance that Duncan resembled her father as he
-slept. This is, perhaps, the only amiable sentiment she utters, and it
-is of a _superstitious_ character, however commendable.
-
-The 3d Scene opens with the humorous soliloquy of the Porter, who
-imagines himself porter of hell-gate, and gives each new comer an
-_appropriate_ reception, but soon finds that the place is _too cold_ for
-the purpose. His remarks on the effects of drink will not bear
-quotation, but are as much to the main purpose as any other passage of
-the play. When the murder of Duncan is announced, Lady Macbeth continues
-her formal part by _fainting_. This scene and the next are much occupied
-with accounts of omens and prodigies in connection with the murder of
-Duncan. In a superstitious age men were prone to believe and to imagine
-such things; and the relation of these events to the theme depends on
-that _literal, unspiritual_ tendency of mind which has led mankind under
-different circumstances to the making of graven images, to the worship
-of stocks and stones, to the belief in dreams and omens, and to every
-form of _superstition_.
-
-
- ACT III.
-
-In the first scene of this act Macbeth dwells on the worthlessness of
-the mere title which he has won, “To be thus is nothing, but to be
-_safely_ thus.” Then, too, the succession was promised to the issue of
-Banquo, leaving a barren sceptre in the hands of Macbeth. He resolves to
-have the substantial prize for which he had “filed his mind,” and
-therefore plans the destruction of Banquo and Fleance. In the
-conversation with the murderers whom he engages for that purpose, the
-theme is curiously illustrated. In reply to Macbeth’s question as to
-their readiness to revenge an injury, they say, “We are men, my lord.”
-
- _Macbeth._ Ay, in the catalogue, you go for men
- As hounds, and grey-hounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs,
- Shoughs, water-rugs, and demi-wolves are clep’d
- All by the name of dogs; the valued file
- Distinguishes the swift, the slow, the subtle,
- The house-keeper, the hunter, every one
- According to the gift which bounteous nature
- Hath in him closed.
-
-The _ambiguity_ of the general name is remedied by the _specific_
-description. The name is _formal_, the description _substantial_.
-
-In the next Scene (the 2d) both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth continue their
-reflections on the insecurity of their usurped honors: “We have scotched
-the snake, not killed it.” She exhorts him to “sleek o’er his rugged
-look;” and he refuses to explain his purposes as to Banquo, bidding her
-be innocent of the knowledge till she can applaud the deed; thus sparing
-her conscience the _formal_ guilt of the murder. His invocation to night
-and darkness, at the end of this scene, is very similar to that of Lady
-Macbeth, on a similar occasion, before referred to.
-
-In the 3d Scene the murderers, whilst waiting the approach of Banquo,
-justify to themselves the deed they are about to commit, by pleading the
-orders of Macbeth. The deed is his; they are the mere instruments of his
-will. The allusion to the fading light; “the west yet glimmers with some
-streaks of day,” seems to refer to the near approach of Banquo’s end; as
-the extinguishment of the light does to the simultaneous extinguishment
-of his life, immediately afterward.
-
-The next is the Banquet Scene. It opens with _formal ceremony_. The
-murderers then inform Macbeth that they have executed his will on
-Banquo. Macbeth expresses surprise and regret at Banquo’s absence, but
-in the midst of his hypocritical professions, his excited imagination
-_embodies_ the description which has just been given him by the
-murderers, and the ghost of Banquo, “with twenty trenched gashes on its
-head,” rises and shakes its gory locks at him. The whole scene abounds
-with illustrations of the theme. Macbeth endeavors to shelter himself
-under the _letter of the law_, when he exclaims, “thou canst not say I
-did it!” He thinks that after a man has been regularly murdered, he
-should stay in his grave; he declares his readiness to encounter any
-_substantial_ foe—the rugged Russian bear, the armed rhinoceros, or the
-Hyrcan tiger; it is the “horrible _shadow_” that blanches his cheek with
-fear. After the guests have retired, he falls into a superstitious train
-of reflection, in which he expresses his belief in augurs, etc. He
-declares his intention to revisit the weird sisters; he is fast becoming
-as formal and as reckless of consequences as his wife; he speaks of his
-qualms of conscience as the “_initiate_ fear that wants hard use;” and,
-as if he now passively allowed himself to be borne onward by the tide of
-events, says he has strange things in his head, “which must be _acted_
-e’er they may be _scanned_.”
-
-Scene 5th. This is another witch scene. Hecate declares her intention to
-raise up artificial sprites for the purpose of deluding Macbeth, and
-drawing him on to his confusion, thus preparing the way for the
-ambiguous predictions.
-
-In the 6th Scene, the relation between the letter and the spirit is
-exhibited in the _ironical_ speech of Lennox, and in the King of
-England’s regard for the “dues of birth.”
-
- Things have been strangely born; the gracious Duncan
- Was pitied of Macbeth; marry, he was dead;
- And the right valiant Banquo walked too late,
- Whom you may say, if it please you, Fleance killed,
- For Fleance fled. Men must not walk too late.
- Who cannot want the thought, how monstrous
- It was for Malcolm and for Donalbain,
- To kill their gracious father? damned fact!
- How it did grieve Macbeth! did he not straight,
- In pious rage, the two delinquents tear,
- That were the slaves of drink and thralls of sleep?
- Was not that nobly done? Ay, and wisely, too;
- For ’twould have angered any heart alive
- To hear the men deny it. etc. etc.
-
-
- ACT IV.
-
-Scene 1st. Here we have the witches boiling their cauldron. It is
-composed of various and contradictory materials;
-
- Black spirits and white,
- Red spirits and gray.
-
-And so truth and falsehood are mingled in the promises to Macbeth which
-immediately follow; and which are kept literally to the ear, but broken
-fatally to the hope.
-
-In the 2d Scene, the falsehood or ambiguity of _appearances_ is
-illustrated in Lady Macduff’s complaint of her husband’s desertion,
-which she attributes to fear and want of love; whilst Ross exhorts her
-to confide in his fidelity and wisdom, though she may not be able to
-understand his present conduct:
-
- As for your husband,
- He is noble, wise, judicious, and best knows
- The fits o’ the season.
-
-Of her son, she says, “Father’d he is, and yet he’s fatherless;” and
-immediately after tells him that his father’s dead; and, according to
-her understanding of the matter, so he was; not _literally_ but
-_substantially_, as their guardian and protector. The boy denies it,
-because he does not see the appropriate _effect_. “If he were dead,
-you’d weep for him; if you would not, it were a good sign that I should
-quickly have a new father.” Whatever may be the merit of this dialogue
-between Lady Macduff and her son, in other respects it serves at least
-to illustrate the theme. The same idea of ambiguity is now applied to
-the relation between cause and effect, when a messenger enters, warns
-her of the near approach of danger, and urges her to fly. Her first
-exclamation is, “I have done no harm.” But she immediately adds,
-
- I remember now
- I am in this earthly world, where to do harm
- Is often laudable; to do good sometime
- Accounted dangerous folly.
-
-The first part of the next scene (the 3d) is wholly occupied with the
-idea of _ambiguous appearances_. Macduff arrives at the court of
-England, and tenders his services to Malcolm, who, fearing that he is an
-emissary of Macbeth, mistrusts him. He plays off false appearances upon
-Macduff by slandering himself, thus bringing out Macduff’s true
-disposition. A doctor now enters and introduces the idea of _causeless
-effect_, telling how the king, with a mere touch, has healed the “evil.”
-Ross, having just arrived from Scotland, describes the dreadful state of
-the country, dwelling chiefly on the circumstance that the people have
-become so _used_ to horrors, that they have almost ceased to note them.
-He tells Macduff that his wife and children are “well,” purposely using
-an ambiguous phrase, which Macduff understands literally, though Ross
-means that they are at peace in their graves. When at length he comes to
-reveal the truth, he begs Macduff not to confound the _relator_ with the
-_author_ of the mischief. “Let not your ears despise my tongue forever,”
-etc. Then tells him that his wife and children have been savagely
-slaughtered; whereupon Macduff pulls his hat upon his brows, and Malcolm
-begs him to “give sorrow words”—distinguishing justly between the
-clamorous _show_ of grief and its silent _reality_. The _substance_ of
-Ross’s words have struck Macduff, but in the agony of the moment he
-cannot comprehend their _detail_. “My wife killed, too;” “Did you say
-all?” He has not caught the _form_ of the expression though its _spirit_
-has pierced his soul. There are few passages in Shakspeare more
-affecting than this, or in which the “ground-idea” is more steadily kept
-in view.
-
- O, I could play the woman with mine eyes,
- And braggart with my tongue,
-
-exclaims Macduff; but he refrains from all _show_ of grief, and all
-_profession_ of courage, and prays Heaven only to bring the fiend of
-Scotland and himself “front to front.”
-
-
- ACT V.
-
-In the first scene of this act the _apparent_ and the _real_ are
-inexplicably mingled together. Lady Macbeth “receives, at once, the
-benefit of sleep, and does the effects of watching,” which the doctor
-pronounces “a great perturbation in nature.” Her eyes are open, but
-their _sense_ is shut; and she _seems_ to wash her hands. Though she is
-now under the dominion of an awakened conscience, the _formality_ of her
-nature still displays itself. “Fie, my lord, fie!” she exclaims, “a
-soldier, and afeard? _What need we fear who knows it, when none can call
-our power to account?_” The Doctor, however, is cautious about drawing
-conclusions even from _such_ appearances, and remarks that he has known
-those which have walked in their sleep, who have died holily in their
-beds. The reader will readily perceive other illustrations of the theme
-in this scene, in which for the first time Lady Macbeth appears stripped
-of the mask of ceremony. We are permitted to see the workings of her
-mind, and the beating of her heart, when her conscience is emancipated
-from the control of her formal habits and her stern will.
-
-The next scene, which is a very short one, contains several allusions to
-the _unsubstantial_ nature of Macbeth’s power.
-
- Those he commands move only in command,
- Nothing in love, etc.
-
-In the 3d Scene Macbeth still relies on the promises of the weird
-sisters. He interprets the _look_ of the “cream-faced loon” as
-indicative of alarming news; and then falls into that memorable train of
-reflection on his “way of life,” and the _emptiness_ of all his
-honors—which everybody knows by heart and can at once apply to the
-theme. In his answer to the Doctor, who tells him of Lady Macbeth’s
-“thick-coming fancies,” the remedies he proposes, are, it will be
-observed, adapted to the _unsubstantial_ character of the disease; the
-troubles of the brain are to be “razed out,” and the stuffed bosom
-cleansed with “some sweet oblivious antidote.” On the other hand, when
-he asks the Doctor to “scour the English hence,” he suggests the use of
-rhubarb, or senna, which, indeed, at first sight, strikes one as very
-_appropriate_ remedies.
-
-In the 4th Scene, the soldiers are made to hew down boughs in Birnam
-wood, in order to conceal their numbers; thus giving a _literal_
-construction to the language of the weird sisters.
-
-Scene 5th. Macbeth now trusts to the strength of his castle, and
-_proclaims_ his confidence by ordering his banners to be hung on the
-outward walls. When he hears the cry of women, he comments on the
-_effect of custom_.
-
- I have almost forgot the taste of fears.
- . . . . . . .
- Direness, _familiar_ to my slaughterous thoughts,
- Can not once start.
-
-When told of the queen’s death, he says it is _unseasonable_: “she
-should have died hereafter;” and his reflections on life have the same
-relation to the theme as those on his “way of life” in Scene 3d.
-
- It is a tale
- Told by an idiot, _full of sound and fury_,
- _Signifying nothing_.
-
-He is now told that Birnam wood is coming to Dunsinane; and the rock on
-which he has heretofore stood so firmly begins to crumble beneath his
-feet. He begins to pall in resolution, and to “doubt the equivocation of
-the fiend, that _lies like truth_.”
-
-Scene 6th contains less than a dozen lines. The soldiers throw away
-their leafy screens, and show their true strength.
-
-In the next and last scene the remaining promise of the weird sisters is
-literally kept to the ear, but “broken to the hope”—for it turns out
-that Macduff was _not_ of woman born. The force of professional habit
-appears in old Siward’s conduct on hearing of the death of his son. “Had
-he his hurts before?” he asks; and, being satisfied on that point,
-ceases to mourn for him. Finally, _ceremony_ is employed by Malcolm in
-rewarding _substantial merit_; his thanes and kinsmen are created earls;
-and all other proper forms observed “in measure, time, and place.”
-
-The reader will readily perceive that different aspects of the theme
-predominate in the several stages of the play; and if these stages seem
-somewhat irregular, it must be borne in mind that the present division
-into acts and scenes was not the work of Shakspeare, but of his editors.
-
-In Macbeth we see a perpetual conflict between the _real_ nature of man,
-and the _assumed_ character of the usurper. He is “full o’ the milk of
-human kindness;” loves truth and sincerity; and sets a high value on the
-good opinions and the sincere friendship of others. But he is also
-ambitious; he is urged forward by the demoniac spirit of his wife, and
-entangled in the snare of the weird sisters. Under these influences he
-endeavors to play the part of a remorseless tyrant; but his kindlier
-nature is constantly breaking out; and though he strives so hard to
-maintain his _assumed_ character, that he at length refuses to “scan”
-his deeds until they have been “acted,” yet we find him in the height of
-his power mournfully regretting his own blood-guiltiness, and the
-_hollow-heartedness_ of all around him.
-
-But there is nothing of this _spirituality_ in the character of Lady
-Macbeth. Her ambition is satisfied with the _name_ of queen, and she
-cares not whether the obedience of her followers is constrained or
-voluntary, whether their love is feigned or real. Remorse has no power
-over her except when she is asleep; and even old Shylock—whose whole
-character, as has been well said, is a _dead letter_—might, perhaps,
-betray similar emotions, if one could see him thus off his guard.
-
-If the reader of this play should ever be tempted to the commission of
-crime for the sake of ambition, let him remember the air-drawn dagger,
-and the ghost of Banquo; if in danger of being seduced by the specious
-appearance of vice, let him remember the equivocation of the fiends; if
-lured by the hope that success will gild o’er the offense and “trammel
-up the consequence,” let him think of Macbeth’s withered heart after he
-had won the crown and sceptre; and finally, if he imagine that he can so
-school his passions and harden his nature that remorse will have no
-power over him, let him contemplate Lady Macbeth walking in her sleep.
-Whereever he turns, he will find, in all the incidents of this play, the
-same great lesson, that “the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth
-life.”
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- ODE.
-
-
- BY R. H. STODDARD.
-
-
- The days are growing chill, the Summer stands
- Drooping, like Niobe with clasped hands,
- Mute o’er the faded flowers, her children lost,
- Slain by the arrows of the early frost!
- The clouded Heaven above is pale and gray,
- The misty Earth below is wan and drear,
- And baying Winds chase all the leaves away,
- As cruel hounds pursue the trembling deer,
- And in the nipping morns, the ice around,
- Lieth like Autumn’s gage defiant on the ground!
-
- My heart is sick within me, I have toiled
- In iron poverty and hopeless tears,
- Tugging in fetters at the oar for years;
- And wrestling in the ring of Life have soiled
- My robes with dust, and strained my sinews sore;
- I have no strength to struggle any more!
- And what if I should perish?—none would miss
- So strange a dreamer in a world like this—
- Whate’er our beauty, worth, or loving powers,
- We live, we strive, we die, and are forgot;
- We are no more regarded than the flowers;
- And death and darkness is our destined lot!
- One bud from off the tree of Earth is naught,
- One crude fruit from the ripening bough of Thought,
- The hinds will ne’er lament, in harvest-time,
- The bud, the fruit that fell and wasted in its prime!
-
- Away with Action! ’tis the ban of Time,
- The curse that clung to us from Eden’s gate;
- We toil, and strain and tug from youth’s fair prime,
- And drag a chain for years, a weary weight!
- Away with Action and Laborious Life;
- They were not made for man,
- In Nature’s plan,
- For man is made for quiet, not for strife.
- The pearl is shaped serenely in its shell
- In the still waters of the ocean deep;
- The buried seed begins to pulp and swell
- In Earth’s warm bosom in profoundest sleep;
- And, sweeter far than all, the bridal rose
- Flushes to fullness in a soft repose.
- Let others gather honey in the world,
- And hoard it in their cells until they die;
- I am content in dreaminess to lie,
- Sipping, in summer hours,
- My wants from fading flowers,
- An Epicurean till my wings are furled!
-
- What happy hours! what happy, happy days
- I spent when I was young, a careless boy;
- Oblivious of the world—its wo or joy—
- I lived for song, and dreamed of budding bays!
- I thought when I was dead, if not before—
- (I hoped before!)—to have a noble name
- To leave my eager foot-prints on the shore
- And rear my statue in the halls of Fame!—
- I pondered o’er the Poets dead of old,
- Their memories living in the minds of men;—
- I knew they were but men of mortal mould,
- They won their crowns, and I might win again.
- I drank delicious vintage from their pages,
- Flasks of Parnassian nectar, stored for ages;
- My soul was flushed within me, maddened, fired,
- I leaped impassioned, like a seer inspired;
- I lived, and would have died for Poesy,
- In youth’s divine emotion—
- A stream that sought its ocean;
- A Time that longed to be
- Engulfed, and swallowed in a calm Eternity!
-
- Had I a realm in some enchanted zone,
- Some fadeless summer-land, I’d dwell alone,
- Far from the little world, luxurious, free,
- And woo the dainty damsel Poesy!
- I’d loll on downy couches all the day,
- And dream the heavy-wingéd hours away:
- Reading my antique books, or framing songs,
- Whose choiceness to an earlier age belongs,
- Or else a loving maid, in gentle fear,
- Would steal to me, from her pavilion near,
- And kneel before me with a cup of wine,
- Three centuries old, and I would sip and taste,
- With long-delaying lips a draught divine;
- And, peering o’er the brim in her blue eyes
- Slow-misting, and voluptuous, she would rise,
- And stoop to me, and I would clasp her waist,
- And kiss her mouth, and shake her hanging curls—
- And in her coy despite undo her zone of pearls!
-
- Oh, Poesy! my spirits crownéd queen,
- I would that thou couldst in the flesh be seen
- The shape of perfect loveliness thou art
- Enshrined within the chambers of my heart!
- I would build thee a palace, richer far
- Than princely Aladeen’s renowned of old;
- Its walls and columns of the massiest gold,
- And every gem encrusting it a star!
- Thy throne should be an Alp, o’ercanopied
- With rainbows, and a shielded Moon o’erhead;
- Thy coffers should o’erflow, and mock the Ind,
- Whose boasted wealth would dwindle into naught
- The rich-ored driftings of the streams of Thought
- Washed lucidly from cloven peaks of Mind!—
- And I would bring to thee the daintiest things
- That grow beneath the summer of thy wings;—
- Wine from the Grecian vineyards, pressed with care,
- Brimming in cups antique, and goblets rare,
- And sweeter honey than the singing bees
- Of Helios ever gathered on the leas
- Olympian, distilled from asphodels,
- Whose lucent nectar truckles from their cells!
- And luscious fruitage of enchanted trees,
- The peerless apples of the Hesperides,
- Stolen by Fancy from the guardant Fates,
- Served, by a Nubian slave, on golden plates!
- And I would hang around thee day and night,
- Nor ever heed, or know the night from day;
- If Time had wings, I should not see his flight,
- Or feel his shadow in my sunny way!
- Forgetful of the world, I’d stand apart,
- And gaze on thee unseen, and touch my lute,
- Sweet-voiced, a type and image of my heart,
- Whose trembling chords will never more be mute;
- And Joy and Grief would mingle in my theme,
- A swan and shadow floating down a stream!
- And when thou didst in soft disdain, or mirth,
- Descend thy throne and walk the common earth,
- I would, in brave array, precede thee round,
- With pomp and pageantry and music sweet,
- And spread my shining mantle on the ground,
- For fear the dust should soil thy golden-sandaled feet!
-
- Away! away! the days are dim and cold,
- The withered flowers are crumbling in the mould,
- The Heaven is gray and blank, the Earth is drear,
- And fallen leaves are heaped on Summer’s bier!
- Sweet songs are out of place, however sweet,
- When all things else are wrapt in funeral gloom,
- True Poets never pipe to dancing feet,
- But only elegies around a tomb!
- Away with fancy now, the Year demands
- A sterner chaplet, and a deeper lay,
- A wreath of cypress woven with pious hands,
- A dirge for its decay!
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- LINES IN MEMORY OF MY LOST CHILD.
-
-
- BY GEORGE D. PRENTICE.
-
-
- My child! my dear, lost child! a father’s heart,
- Touched by the holy wand of memory,
- Would in this hour of loneliness and gloom,
- When not a sound is borne upon the air,
- And not a star is visible in heaven,
- Hold sweet communion with thy soul.
- My boy!
- Thou wast most beautiful. I never looked
- On thee but with a heart of pride. Thy curls
- Fell o’er a brow of angel-loveliness,
- And thy dark eyes, dark as the midnight cloud,
- And soft as twilight waters, flashed and glowed
- In strange, wild beauty, yet thy tears were far
- More frequent than thy smiles—thy wail of pain
- Came oftener on our hearts than thy dear cry
- Of infant joyousness. Thy few brief months
- Were months of suffering; ay, thy cup of life
- Was bitter, bitter, but thou wast not doomed
- To drain it, for a God of mercy soon
- Let it pass from thee.
- Oh! how well, my child,
- Do I remember that all mournful day,
- When thy young mother bore thy wasting form,
- With breaking heart and streaming eyes, afar,
- In the vain hope to save the dear young life
- To which the tendrils of her own were bound.
- With one wild pressure of thy little form
- To my sad bosom, with a frantic kiss
- Upon thy pallid lips, and a hot tear
- Wrung from a burning brain, I said farewell—
- Alas! my child, I never saw thee more.
- In a strange land, far from thy own dear home,
- But with the holy ministries of love
- Around thy couch, thy little being passed,
- Like the sweet perfume of a bright young rose,
- To mingle with the skies from whence it came.
- Oh! in that hour, my child, thy lost of earth,
- Did not a thought of thy poor father’s love
- Soften the anguish of thy parting soul,
- And were not thy dear little arms outstretched
- To meet his fond caress!
- Thou sleepest, child,
- Where the Missouri rolls its wild, dark waves,
- And I have never gazed upon thy grave.
- No tears of deep affection ever blend
- With the soft dews and gentle rains that fall
- Upon the turf that lies above thy breast;
- But, oh! the spot is hallowed. There the Spring,
- The bright Spring, yearly throws her loveliest wreaths
- Of buds and blossoms—there, at morn and eve,
- The viewless spirit of the zephyr breathes
- Its holiest whispers in the springing grass
- As if communing with thee—there the birds
- Glance through the air like winged souls, and pour
- Their sweet, unearthly melodies—and there
- At the soft twilight hour young angels come
- To hover o’er the spot on silver wings,
- And mark it with their shining foot-prints.
- Thou
- Art gone, my child—a sweet and holy bud
- Is shaken from the rose-tree of our hopes;
- But yet we should not mourn. ’Tis joy to know
- That thou hast gone in thy young innocence
- And purity and beauty from a dark,
- Ungentle world, where many snares beset
- The path of manhood. Ay, ’tis joy to know
- That the Eolian lyre of thy young soul
- Gives out its music in the Eden clime,
- Unvisited by earth’s cold, bitter winds,
- Its poison-dews, its fogs, its winter rains,
- Its tempests and its lightnings.
- My sweet child,
- Thou art no more a blossom of the earth,
- But, oh! the thought of thee is yet a spell
- On our sad spirits. ’Tis a lovely flower
- On memory’s lonely stream, a holy star
- In retrospection’s sky, a rainbow-gleam
- Upon the tempest-clouds of life. Our hearts,
- Our stricken hearts, lean to thee, love, and thus
- They lean to heaven, for thou art there. Yes, thou
- And thy young sister are in heaven, while we
- Are lingering on the earth’s cold desert. Come,
- Ye two sweet cherubs of God’s Paradise,
- Who wander side by side, and hand in hand,
- Among the Amaranthine flowers that bloom
- Beside the living waters—come, oh come,
- Sometimes upon your bright and snowy wings,
- In the deep watches of the silent night,
- And breathe into our souls the holy words
- That ye have heard the angels speak in heaven.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- PEDRO DE PADILH.
-
-
- BY J. M. LEGARE.
-
-
- (_Continued from page 97._)
-
- Spain, and Tercera. }
- AD. 1583. }
-
-If the weekly mails brought me the Spirit of the Times instead of the
-Literary World, or in other words, I inclined to a sporting habit of
-speech, I would “lay an even wager” that not one of Graham’s readers has
-formed a correct idea of the personal appearance of Hilo de Ladron, from
-the foregoing account of that unscrupulous young gentleman’s
-proceedings. I say nothing of his morals, but refer merely to the
-harmony between features and character which Nature tries hard, and
-generally with success, to maintain, and which constitutes the main prop
-of the science of physiognomy. But no lawgiver allows more frequent
-exceptions to established rules than Nature; and thus, instead of being
-slouchy and red-haired, or big-whiskered and ferocious, Señor de Ladron,
-seated on the bows of one of De Chaste’s caravels, full sail for
-Tercera, belied his ill-name by the delicate beauty of his face and
-person. I use the word beauty, because his straight features, smooth
-skin and well-shaped hands, were feminine properties not usually looked
-for in male attire, and in company such as the owner was keeping. The
-French men-at-arms were well enough, but I would not fancy sleeping a
-night in the room with the thick-set Walloon standing next; people with
-such faces, coarse, crafty about the eyes and treacherous at the
-mouth—by the way, his laugh, always of an evil sort, was twofold, from
-a seam in the upper lip reaching half-way up the cheek, and exposing the
-teeth and gums at every contraction of the muscles thereabouts—should
-be called by names to correspond, and this man’s, Wolfang, showed
-remarkable foresight in his parents or sponsors. This face, which had
-not its duplicate any where in ill-looks, would be recognizable as that
-of an old acquaintance, if muffling, and false-hair and whiskers,
-frequently changed while begging an alms of Doña Hermosa, had not
-destroyed all identity with his natural features as now seen, for
-Wolfang was one with the free-captain who lived at the expense of that
-estimable if injudicious lady, until Don Peter turned him loose upon the
-world again. It was reasonable, under the circumstances, he should bear
-no great love for the truth-loving knight, and it was probably this
-feeling in common, accidentally communicated, which had first drawn Hilo
-and himself together. Don Hilo having inherited most of his father’s
-hate to the latter’s half-brother; not that he could lay claim to much
-personal cause for antipathy, having seen Sir Pedro but twice in his
-life, and one of those when little more than an infant, but it came
-quite easy to this chip-of-the-block to bear malice. With some grains of
-redeeming quality, it must be allowed, for he was not wanting in that
-sort of curious courtesy, common to all Spaniards I believe, which makes
-taking off his hat with a _buènos nòches_ imperative on the very man who
-carries his hand from his sombrero to his dagger, to plunge the last
-under your shoulder blade the moment your back is turned. Friendship, in
-its usual acceptation, had little to do with the league existing between
-these worthies, and no small amount of self-interest must have been
-requisite to keep two such sweet dispositions from open rupture;
-however, they contrived to get along well enough, by each playing a part
-designed to dupe the other, although, with less success perhaps than the
-self esteem of each caused him to imagine. Capt. Carlo, ready, cunning
-in counsel, and cringing like a tiger ready to seize his keeper’s hand
-in his jaws, but fearing the short Roman sword in its clutch, followed
-the guidance of his junior, half through a brute instinct of
-inferiority, of which he himself was ignorant, and half for the
-furtherance of certain plans of his own, which will appear at intervals
-upon the surface of this narrative; but on the whole the pair were not
-ill-matched, their main characteristics uniting harmoniously enough, by
-a rule which more resembles dove-tailing in carpentry, than welding in
-iron-work, the joint being tight and fast so long as force is applied in
-one way, but easily dislocated by a lateral blow. Thus Wolfang scoffed
-at every thing holy or otherwise, seldom neglected a chance of shedding
-blood, when not withheld by manifest interest or personal risk; for the
-fellow was a coward in the depth of his heart, just as any other savage
-beast is, frightened by a parasol flirted in a child’s hand, but leaping
-unhesitatingly upon an unwary man, and in his thirst for gain, played
-any part however vile by which a _maravedi_ might be dishonestly got.
-Don Hilo, to give the scapegrace his due, was murderous only in the heat
-of passion, and somewhat overawed his profane comrade by the resolute
-devotion he chose to entertain for certain saints in succession, it
-being a freak of his to hold in disgrace or honor, as the case might be,
-the celestial patron invoked prior to his last piece of rascality.
-Moreover the lad had the indefinable sense of pride, much as he lacked
-cause, which, I verily believe, constitutes the third element of Spanish
-blood and gives a dignified fold even to the dirty serape of the Mexican
-half-breed; and this pride kept his fingers from small pilferings if not
-from wholesale swindling; a turn of virtue which must have afforded high
-satisfaction to a certain alert fosterer of little errors, who has never
-been slow to avail himself of the like since the time of Adam and Eden.
-Even in general quickness of temper there was difference in kind, that
-of Capt. Carlo settling commonly into a smouldering fire incapable of
-being extinguished by any kindness whatever, and blown by the breath of
-opportunity into an instant flame; while Hilo’s, on the contrary, more
-dangerous and violent at its outbreak, was often succeeded by a reckless
-sort of recompense for injury done, which showed the boy had something
-of a soul left in his handsome carcase; but I am constrained to say as a
-set-off to this tolerable trait, it was only when the hurt or insult was
-avenged to his mind, a better spirit possessed him, for, if baffled at
-first, the aggriever had need to do as Bruce did, lose his trail in a
-running water.
-
-I like to gossip confidentially now and then about matters which
-indirectly affect my characters, and so don’t mind mentioning a
-circumstance or two occurring in the early acquaintance of Capt. Carlo
-and Señor De Ladron, not noticed by historians of the time. The captain,
-it seems, after relinquishing in a highly praiseworthy manner, his
-annuity drawn from the unconscious countess, when no longer able to
-retain it, betook himself to the capital, where, falling in with the
-señor, the two soon came to understand each other’s projects, so far as
-it was good for either to do. Hilo made no secret of his hate for Doña
-Viola, whom he regarded as an incumbrance and interloper, but for whom
-he would long since have received an estate of more doubloons’ worth
-than he had ever possessed cobrès. The joint sagacity of the fathers and
-their notaries having been exhausted in drawing up a contract so
-stringent that nothing short of total forfeiture of the twin estates to
-the benefit of one of the infant parties, could release the other. No
-one knew what bond of union existed between the worse than dissolute
-half-brother of Sir Pedro, and so honorable a knight as Inique, but the
-contract stood fast on parchment, and the admirable wisdom of its
-conditions was shown in due season, when Viola, living at ease in her
-father’s house, grew up with a love amounting to mania for the handsome
-cavalier she regarded as her rightful husband, and whose vices she knew
-little of, until any thing like a just estimate of their enormity had
-become impossible to her biased mind. On the other side, Hilo, cursing
-in his heart Inique and his worthy father as founders of the scheme
-which his magnificent pride prevented his profiting by, even with the
-temptation of a twofold fortune attached, because it took the form of
-compulsory action in an affair it suited his humor to decide for
-himself, ransacked his brain to drive into outraged vindication of her
-woman’s dignity the innocent girl who stood between him and his claim.
-The poor little thing, without proper guidance or information in her own
-concerns, surmised nothing of the true state of the case, but
-affectionate and trustful to a fault, continued to love the young roué,
-long after his dislike found stronger expression than in words, with a
-docile patience and hopefulness for his reform, capable of touching any
-heart less villainous at the core. For the girl was no fool, I would
-have it clearly understood, weak as her affection for this Hilo might
-argue her; error in judgment, to which we are all subject, not
-necessarily indicating habitual silliness, least of all in one
-circumstanced as Doña Viola. This helpless child our worthy pair found
-it to their mutual interest to persecute, or fancied it so, and played
-very readily into each other’s hands; for Capt. Carlo had got it into
-his ugly head that such a prize (he was thinking of her money) was
-fitter for a manly-looking fellow like himself, with a beard to rub a
-soft cheek against, than for a stick of a lad whose weakly mustache
-broke the back-bone of the oaths he swore through it.
-
-This was the wording of the meditation which occupied Don Wolfang’s
-brain while on his way to make himself known to his intended wife; not
-that Hilo would have refused his friend an introduction, he would have
-been only too gratified to present a Hottentot, if by so doing he could
-have caused her a pang of shame; but the captain, acting with unusual
-caution, chose to be independent of his hot-headed associate, perhaps
-fearing the latter might insist upon more than his legal share of the
-spoils, or from a natural aversion to working, except in the dark.
-Whatever his reasons, its cool impudence tempts me from my resolution of
-only hinting at these villainies, to give some account of the
-proceeding.
-
-One night the house of Doña Viola was attacked by a gang of robbers,
-who, having no fear of police before their eyes in Philip the Second’s
-time, seemed every moment on the point of breaking in. Within was
-neither garrison nor protector worth the name, for the virtuous duenna,
-who was the young lady’s present guardian and companion, only rocked
-herself to and fro in a garment more snowy than becoming, and lamented
-her hard (approaching) fate with such heartfelt _ay-de-mì’s_, that it
-was evident nothing but the hope of ultimate rescue prevented her false
-hair (in which, for better self-deception, she slept) being plucked out
-by the roots. Moreover, the butler was busied in secreting the family
-plate, and a few little properties of his own, and the men-servants,
-with Spanish devotion, found occupation enough in quieting the maids and
-supplicating the saints; no doubt they would have fought, too, the race
-being noted for pluck—but there was no one to lead them on. At this
-opportune moment, who should appear before the terror-stricken ladies
-but Capt. Wolfang Carlo, all ruffles, ribbon-knots and rings, like a gay
-cavalier returning from some late merry-making, flying sword-in-hand to
-the rescue of besieged innocence. How he got in was a mystery; I suppose
-by dint of valor, for, as the number of the assailants was diminished by
-one on his entrance, it is more than likely one at least of the robbers
-was run through the body by this paladin, and the breach the former made
-turned to account by the latter.
-
-When the party outside had been routed, which was accomplished
-immediately on the captain’s sallying forth at the head of the revived
-household,
-
-“Sir,” said Doña Viola, to the disinterested hero who stood regarding
-her with a smile, as one should say, “look at me! Danger cannot shake my
-nerves: I am quite in my clement in it; it is just such a protector you
-need,” but which reminded for all that of the supple waving of a cat’s
-tail just before the animal springs. “Sir, if my father, Don Augustino,
-were present, he would know better how to thank you than I.”
-
-“Oh,” interrupted her deliverer, with more truth than was common in his
-speech, and bowing low, partly because he designed to be exceedingly
-polite, and partly to hide his rectangular grin, “I am delighted to find
-he is not, Doña Viola.”
-
-“I understand your noble motives, señor, and by your calling me by name,
-you probably know Señor Inique also.”
-
-“Intimately,” said the unblushing vagabond; “we were comrades in arms
-against the Moors in the last war; and but that my mother’s being a
-Portuguese induces a reasonable distaste to waging war on one’s own
-kindred, we would have been lying side by side in Portugal, at this very
-hour. We disagree, perhaps, in this little matter, but there is no
-ill-feeling between us; and you may imagine, señora, the haste I made to
-snatch my distinguished friend’s daughter from such pressing danger.”
-
-“Señor,” cried the lady at this, simply, “the house and all it contains
-is yours. (Capt. Carlo wished it was.) Command me; you have only to make
-known your wishes.”
-
-Saying this, she left the room to order refreshments for her guest. Don
-Wolfang, in high feather at his success, and looking upon a part of the
-Doña’s property as his own in right of salvage, which saved any scruples
-arising in his tender conscience, pocketed a few valuables lying about,
-and assumed the bearing of a Rico, occupying four chairs with his burly
-person, for the better, that is, more truthful enactment of the
-character in hand. In which easy attitude he lolled until the tray, with
-its choice eatables, arrived; and it was while on the point of putting
-into his mouth a pâté-de-fois-gras (I use the word generally, as
-designating something good; but did you ever hear Dr. C. talk of _real_
-pâtés) that—
-
-But what happened I must begin in a different manner to relate, or the
-moral of this episode will be lost.
-
-I have said Doña Viola was no fool, and here I intend bringing forward
-proof of my position. No one would have supposed any thing like nerve
-existed in so delicate a creature, unless they had seen her descending
-the stairs with a light in one hand, and a great sword, too stiff for
-her to draw, in the other, to rally the servants, while that timid old
-soul, her duenna, was creeping under the bed above as fast as a sudden
-weakness in her ancient knees would allow. The girl was brimfull of
-character, and made a worse impression on her first appearance, because
-fevered and crushed in spirit by the final wickedness of her betrothed
-husband, and its likely consequences; possibly the fever which afterward
-brought her to death’s door, had begun to show itself already in
-unnatural excitement of the brain, for it is not easy otherwise to
-reconcile the crazy eagerness she showed with her usual modesty.
-
-But this is straying from the truffle-eating captain. Poor, simple,
-lamb-like captain! what could have induced him to pull off his leathern
-doublet and mask under the eyes of a girl not out of her teens, to be
-sure, but whose Gallician blood was all afire while watching from a dark
-window what was passing beneath. I am filled with pity and admiration
-for Doña Viola, when I think how, with one protector leagues away in
-Portugal, and the other up stairs, making her toilette to appear
-becoming in the eyes of this prince who had come to their rescue, she
-traversed the whole house, accompanied by a desperado whose only
-restraint lay in the greatness of his hopes dependent in part on present
-good conduct. She was a little fluttered, and ready to faint with fear,
-as any other woman short of a novel heroine would have been, but for all
-that she spoke so connectedly, and showed such faith in the captain’s
-will and ability to protect her, that it never entered his slow,
-Netherlandish brain, the figure before him was possessed of no more
-vitality in itself than an electro-magnetized body, or that she had
-noticed without start or scream his left, jetty whisker slip down far
-enough to expose the scrubby red growth underneath. Still less did it
-occur to him as a remote possibility, the idea of taking him, Captain
-Wolfang Carlo, fairly in the trap, could be occupying her head at the
-very moment he talked of “his dear friend, Don Augustino, her father;”
-and when one servant went up with the tray, a second went out with a
-summons to the Hermandad.
-
-So Capt. Carlo was on the point (as I have said) of putting a pâté into
-his capacious mouth, when there came a rapping at the street-door, such
-as only the Hermandad made, it being the custom of the holy brotherhood
-to give due notice of their arrival on such occasions, lest one of
-themselves should prove to be the culprit. The captain knew to a stroke
-what mercy _he_ would be likely to receive if arrested, and alert enough
-when danger pressed, clapped a couple of goblets in his pockets, and in
-the same instant seized by the throat the tray-bearer, (who had his hand
-already on the latch,) so that the poor simpleton had not breath enough
-in his body to whisper, when his assailant threw him into the corner
-limp as a bundle of rags.
-
-The former had not perambulated the house without using his eyes, and
-knew the shortest way to the leads, where he dodged the Hermandad until
-an opportunity presented itself for making good his descent, the citizen
-police probably being not wide awake at two o’clock in the morning.
-
-That estimable youth, Hilo, was highly amused when the adventure reached
-his ears, and in his customary reckless speech gave his Flemish
-associate to understand he was not wise beyond his years, and had quite
-overshot his aim by too much caution; nothing could have caused himself
-more pleasure than to be rid of that (what I don’t choose to write in
-Spanish or English,) who had cheated him out of his estate by her artful
-behavior. And he would not mind settling a round sum out of the to be
-recovered fortune on Wolfang, provided he could contrive to enter the
-house a second time, without so much useless stir; but our prudent
-friend had the Hermandad in too vivid remembrance, and excused himself,
-suggesting, however, a scheme no less rascally, which all readers of
-this true history know already to have been carried out to its full
-extent.
-
-To return to the caravel; some one was talking of Neptune.
-
-“What a clatter about your Neptune,” cried a soldier, peevishly, “I wish
-I’d never heard the name, and had stayed where I was. Here we are
-pitched from one storm into another, and land just in sight. I’m sick of
-it.”
-
-“La casa quemada, acudir con el agua!” put in Hilo, who was swinging his
-legs over the bowsprit, and did not trouble himself to take his eyes
-from the blue land ahead.
-
-“What does he say?” demanded the Frenchman, eagerly, looking
-suspiciously about.
-
-“He says your house is burnt, and you run for the water,” exclaimed
-Wolfang, with a short chuckle.
-
-“Ha!” retorted the other, setting down a steel cap he was polishing, to
-gesticulate and call attention to Hilo with his forefinger. “Look here,
-comrades, here’s a man to talk to another as if he had never made any
-blunders he would like to take back. But this kind of talking behind
-you, is the way with all these cowardly Spaniards.”
-
-Hilo turned his head just sufficiently to send a glance at the irascible
-speaker from his wicked black eyes. “Take care!” it said.
-
-“Take care!” repeated the Netherlander, warningly, this time translating
-the look. “You’re a born fool, Jean, to tempt the devil in him.”
-
-“Fool!” cried Jean. “Who meddled with him first? He kicked my casque out
-of his way yesterday, and set me to work cleaning and straightening it
-out this morning. As to running for water when it’s too late, he’ll
-think so too some day when Señor Inique catches him, and he gets down on
-his knees to beg for life, or the Marquis of Villenos’s friends corner
-him. He needn’t think he’s thought less a villain by us Frenchmen than
-by his own countryfolks.”
-
-Here the man-at-arms stopped to take breath and glower at Señor De
-Ladron, who lifting in his feet, walked coolly over, opposite the first,
-saying, with a smile on his face, “Come, come, there is no use in
-comrades quarreling. Do you suppose I knew it was your casque? Give me
-your hand, and let’s make it up.”
-
-The soldier looked down distrustfully at his slight enemy, but not being
-able to make up his mind what to do at this unexpected proposal,
-hesitatingly laid his broad palm in Hilo’s.
-
-“That’s as it should be,” said a shrunken little cannonier, perched on
-his gun. “Hey! I remember how we shook hands all round at St.
-German-en-Laye. You see, we had been fighting like mad at Montcontour,
-and when one cools it isn’t pleasant to think you’ve knocked on the head
-your old chum at bird-nesting, and the like, only because he differs
-from you a little when grown up.”
-
-“So you fetch water!” interrupted Hilo, mockingly, half to the speaker
-and half to Jean, whose fingers suddenly wrenched back forced him to
-stamp and foam with rage and pain while struggling to loosen the iron
-hold of the speaker.
-
-“Sacrè! Devil!” he stammered, “let go; my wrist is out of joint.”
-
-“It will be worse for you if you don’t recant,” muttered our Don,
-speaking faster than before, and holding a dagger to the side of his
-throat.
-
-“Stop!” cried two or three men-at-arms, springing up, “that is not fair
-play. We are Frenchmen, not cut-throats, here.” Capt. Carlo merely
-grinned in his usual agreeable fashion.
-
-“Don’t bite!” cried Hilo fiercely to his prisoner, drawing back his hand
-to strike. And, perhaps, as that amiable young gentleman was in no wise
-particular in such matters, and took no heed of the interruption, Hilo’s
-hand might have been the last bit of flesh held between the Frenchman’s
-teeth for evermore, (as the raven would say.) But the officer on duty
-came down the deck at this crisis, demanding the cause of the
-disturbance.
-
-“Ha! _you_, sir?” he cried, directly he caught sight of the chief actor,
-as if he might have guessed as much. “I order you under arrest. Give up
-your dagger.”
-
-Señor de Ladron faced his superior with an audacious smile, saying, “You
-jest?”
-
-“Noose that rope,” ordered the lieutenant, purple with fury. “Close
-around, men; we will hang up this mutineer without trial.”
-
-“’Pshaw!” answered our scapegrace, throwing his weapon overboard. “What
-a stir about a trifle, Señor mine. Better do this than hang.”
-
-So Don Hilo de Ladron, when the island of Tercera lay close under the
-bows of the fleet, sat in the hold with irons around his ankles, and
-there probably would have remained, in obscurity, until the vessel
-returned to France, had not his fast friend, the captain, contrived to
-say a word or two to Commander De Chaste in person, while that brave
-knight was reviewing his forces on shipboard preparatory to landing.
-
-“Who are you?” asked the commander, looking from a bit of paper he now
-twisted between his fingers to the bearer. “I have seen your face
-before.”
-
-“Your excellency must be mistaken,” returned the unblushing Wolfang, who
-nevertheless remembered perfectly the gold piece the knight once put in
-the mouth of a holy war soldier without arms or feet, if appearances
-were true.
-
-“Well,” interrupted De Chaste, “this scrawl tells me your friend was not
-materially to blame in the affair, his honor being concerned in
-repelling the charges.”
-
-“True to a letter,” replied Wolfang, bowing low, as usual, to hide his
-unprepossessing grin. “Besides, the officer on duty owed the poor young
-gentleman a grudge.”
-
-“That has nothing to do with it, sir. A man’s honor is his best
-possession, and needs unsleeping guardianship; but this taking its
-vindication into his own hands, must not be allowed in the service.
-However, the error is one on the side of right, and let him behave well
-in the field and we will pass over his indiscretion. We want every brave
-man we can get,” he added, turning to one of his officers.
-
-“But, M. de Commandant,” objected the gentleman addressed, “is it likely
-a renegade like this fellow should prove a good soldier, or even be
-really possessed of ordinary honor!”
-
-“How!” cried De Chaste, quickly. “I did not think the ranks of our
-little army contained any such. Is he a Spaniard, M. de Haye?”
-
-“Yes, and guilty of every manner of crime.”
-
-“Ha! Well, he must remain as he is until we find time to look into his
-case. How is it, Mr. What’s-your-name, Carlo, you suppressed his place
-of birth?”
-
-“His mother was a French lady, Monseigneur, and fighting for one’s
-mother country is as good, any day, as fighting for a father’s.”
-
-“True, in a measure, sir,” returned the knight. “What’s the prisoner’s
-name?”
-
-“Hilo de Ladron.” This was said in no unusual tone, yet it seemed
-singularly to catch the commander’s attention, for he eyed the speaker
-keenly and then fell into a fit of musing, which lasted while he paced
-the deck between the officers of his suite. “M. de Haye,” he said at
-last, pausing before that officer and looking up, “you may be mistaken
-in your charges. They are grave ones and should be advanced when they
-can be examined at leisure, not at a hurried moment like this. I have
-need of every man in our too feeble squadron, and will take it upon
-myself to entrust the restoration of his character to M. de Ladron
-himself for the present.”
-
-The gentleman addressed bowed, shrugged his shoulders, as well as a
-Frenchman could in a steel cuirass, and there the matter dropped.
-
-Hilo laughed when the captain told him the favorable result of his
-application, and professed equal curiosity as to the commander’s
-motives—professions which honest Wolfang received as attempts to impose
-on his credulity—(he was probably touchy on the subject since his
-introduction to Doña Viola)—with less justice than usual, however, as
-Hilo, for a wonder, was telling the truth.
-
-About this time the Sieur Cusson returned in his sloop from
-reconnoitering the island, and his report being that the Spanish
-squadron had not yet arrived, the little armament of De Chaste ran
-gallantly into the harbor, and came to anchor amidst a great firing of
-cannon and arquebuses from the Portuguese, who liked expending powder in
-this way much better than in front of an enemy, and besides, had lived
-in such daily dread of the descent of the Spanish fleet, that they could
-not sufficiently viva their delight at finding out who the new comers
-really were. The Viceroy, de Torrevedros, himself, came down to the
-water side to receive the commander, and made such a brave appearance in
-his embroidered surcoat and gilded harness, surrounded by other
-cavaliers equally well dressed, that the Frenchmen, walking with
-unsteady legs after their twenty-four days of stormy weather on
-shipboard, and in shabby doublets, presented nothing very imposing in
-their march through the streets.
-
-But if the Portuguese gentlemen, riding on either hand, could scarce
-suppress their mirth at the ill looks of their allies, the ladies were
-anxious to propitiate men who would prove their main defence, and threw
-down showers of all sorts of gay flowers from the windows and balconies;
-some of the young señoritas even meeting the procession at unexpected
-corners, and flinging orange water into the knight’s face, who would
-have been more gratified by the ablution (it being a hot June day) had
-not the thought of his best ruff growing limper at each sprinkling
-interfered with the enjoyment.
-
-“Better smell of gunpowder.” he said shortly, to a French gentleman from
-the court, whose nose was audibly expressing its delight at the fine
-perfume.
-
-But the satisfaction of the Portuguese was as nothing compared with the
-joy of a few hundred Frenchmen, a remnant of the Strossy expedition of
-the year before, who had lost all hope of ever leaving the Azores again,
-and, having little money at the first, had been treated with any thing
-but hospitality by their unwilling hosts. These poor fellows mixed with
-the crowd in the streets, kept the commandant’s company in sight, and
-running into the quarters assigned the latter, met them with such antics
-and embraces as caused the Gallic army to suppose at first that they had
-fallen into an ambuscade of madmen. Their two captains gave De Chaste a
-full narration of their sufferings, which was impartial in the main, and
-tended very little to elevate the Portuguese residents in the eyes of
-their audience, whose fancy for that people was not great from the
-beginning.
-
-“Sirs,” replied the commandant at the end, with his customary high-toned
-suavity, looking around him, “we must only remember this is done at the
-will of our queen, and act as loyal gentlemen should. For my part, I
-will be content with brown bread and water and living in the open air,
-as we are all accustomed to, to have the satisfaction of defeating the
-landing of so good a soldier as the Marquis of Santa-Cruz, and to-morrow
-I will examine in person the accessible points of the island, which are
-only three in number.”
-
-“Three!” cried Capt. Baptista, an Italian, one of the Strossy fugitives,
-“there are thirty! He must have been a rank liar, who told you so, M. le
-Commandant.”
-
-“That can hardly be,” returned De Chaste, gravely, “for it was the king
-of Portugal himself who gave the information.”
-
-“Oh, if it comes to that one had best bite his tongue,” grumbled the
-Italian to De Haye, who stood next him. “But a parrot’s word is no
-better than a magpie’s, and so our general will find out.”
-
- [_To be continued._
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- A VISIT TO STATEN ISLAND.
-
-
- BY MRS. L. H. SIGOURNEY.
-
-
-I have always had an especial fondness for islands. When, in earlier
-days, Fancy fashioned some favorite abode, it was often in the
-aspiration of Moore, “Oh! had we some green little Isle of our own!” I
-am inclined to think there is something in Nature to sanction this
-preference. Perhaps the safety of an insular situation from border
-inroad, and the wild foray, might have given it pre-eminence in feudal
-or barbarous times. A strange illusion seemed to linger around it, in
-days of yore: “We, islanders,” said Camden, “are lunares—or the moon’s
-men.”
-
-The tuneful king of Israel considered the praise of the Creator
-incomplete, until “the multitude of the Isles,” should swell that
-chorus. The islands are required to “keep silence,” when an eloquent
-prophet was about to declare a message from Jehovah. The apostle, to
-whom the dread future unveiled itself, “was in the island that is called
-Patmos,” when he saw in a vision the “the heavens wrapped together like
-a scroll, and the dead, small and great, stand before God.”
-
-Heathen mythology sang to her disciples of the “isles of the blessed.”
-Classic Greece fixed the birth-place of her deity of the seven-stringed
-lyre in wave-girdled Delphos, and bade her most beautiful goddess from
-the foam of the sea.
-
-Modern Poetry has not forgotten to invoke the island-spirits. Shakspeare
-lifts the magic wand of Prospero in a strange, wild isle, full of
-
- “Sweet sounds and airs that give delight, and hurt not.”
-
-He makes another less lofty character propose “to sow the kernels of a
-broken islet in the sea, that they may bring forth more islands.” The
-patriotism of Milton beheld in his own native clime, the chief favorite
-of Neptune:
-
- “this isle,
- The greatest and the best of all the main,
- He quarters to his blue-haired deities.”
-
-The Bard of the Seasons still further glorified it, as the
-
- “Island of bliss amid the subject seas.”
-
-It is as easy as it would be tautological to multiply suffrages in
-praise of insular regions. Still less necessary is it to bespeak popular
-favor for the island that gives this sketch a subject and a name.
-
-The Dutch settlers of Staten Island seem to have regarded it with an
-enthusiasm quite in contrast with their usual phlegmatic temperament.
-Scarcely a century after its occupation by them, the patient and
-true-hearted Huguenots came to solace the woes of their exile amid its
-sheltering shades. The armies of Great Britain held it in possession
-during the whole of our revolutionary contest; and even the indurating
-influences of war did not render them insensible to its surpassing
-loveliness.
-
-In later times, the States of New York and New Jersey have contended for
-its jurisdiction with the warmth of lovers, and the jealousy of rivals.
-The latter approaches with extended arms, as if to enfold it in an
-earnest embrace, its bright shores curving closely around the coveted
-treasure; but the Empire State, upon whose waters it reposes “as a star
-on the breast of the billow,” has bound the gem to her bosom forever.
-
-Yet neither the taciturn Hollander, nor the mournful alien from France,
-nor the warring Saxon, nor the native-born American, yearned over it
-with such intense affection as the poor red man, its earliest lord. He
-longed to rear his cone-roofed cabin upon its sunny slopes, and to sweep
-with light canoe into its quiet coves, as his fathers had done of old.
-Forced by his pale-faced and powerful brother to yield this dearest
-birthright, he sold for as poor a compensation as the hunter-patriarch,
-then repented, retracted, reclaimed, re-sold, contended, and vanished
-like the smoke-wreath among the hills that he loved. Still, he cast the
-Parthian arrow, and the forests where he lingered and lay in ambush were
-crimsoned with blood.
-
-Still, his parting sigh, wreathed itself into a name of blessing.
-“_Monocnong_,” or the Enchanted Woods, was the epithet he bestowed upon
-his beloved and forsaken heritage. In the bitterness of parting, he said
-that no noxious reptile had ever been found there, till the white man,
-like a wily serpent, coiled himself amid its shades.
-
- MONOCNONG.
-
- Gem of the Bay! enchased in waves of light,
- That ’neath the sunbeam rear a diamond crest,
- But to the wrathful spirit of the night
- Turn unsubdued, with thunder in their breast—
- Fair Isle! where beauty lingereth as a dower
- O’er rock and roof, and densely-wooded dell,
- And in the bosom of the autumnal flower
- Foiling the frost-king in its quiet cell,
- The Indian hunter of the olden time
- Saw thee with love, and on his wandering way
- Staid the keen bow, at morning’s earliest prime,
- A name of blessing on thy head to lay—
- Baptism of tears! it liveth on thy shore,
- Though he, the exiled one, returneth never more.
-
-The sail from the city of New York to Staten Island is delightful. The
-bay sparkled in the broad sunbeam; six miles of diamonds set in
-turquoise and amethyst. We land, and are borne rapidly along, amid
-tasteful abodes imbosomed in trees and shrubbery, and adorned with
-flowers. We pass also the Hospital, a spacious building, where many beds
-and pillows spread in the open air for purification, denote that disease
-and death have given a ghastly welcome to some mournful emigrants. Often
-are we reminded, amid the most luxuriant scenery, that even “in the
-garden there is a sepulchre.”
-
-New Brighton, as seen from the water, is like a cluster of palaces.
-Large and well arranged boarding-houses furnish accommodations to
-numerous strangers, who seek in summer the invigorating atmosphere of
-this island. Among these, the Pavilion and Belmont are conspicuous.
-
-In descriptive writing, I had formerly a fastidious delicacy about using
-the names of individuals. When in Europe, I was so fearful of drawing
-the curtain from the sanctuary of the hearth-stone, as to fail in a free
-tribute for the most liberal and changeless hospitality. Time, which is
-wont to destroy undue sensibility on many subjects, has led me to deem
-this an error. So I will here avoid it, and say with equal frankness and
-gratitude that those who, like myself, are admitted as guests at the
-elegant island-residence of George Griffin, Esq., and to share the
-intellectual society of his warm-hearted and right-minded home-circle,
-will never lose the pleasant memory of such a privilege.
-
-Among the fine views in this vicinity, that from the Telegraph Station
-is especially magnificent. I shall not attempt to describe it, not being
-willing to sustain or inflict the disappointment that must inevitably be
-the result. Let all who have opportunity see it as often as possible.
-They can never tire of it. Among the many interesting objects that there
-rivet the gaze, there will often be descried passing through the
-Narrows, that highway of nations, some white-winged wanderer of the
-deep, voyaging to foreign shores. Within her how many hearts are faint
-with the pangs of separation! How many buoyed up with the vain
-fluttering of curiosity to visit stranger lands. Adventurous ones! ye
-know not yet the extent of the penalty ye must pay for this shadowy
-good. Tempests without, misgivings within, yearnings after your distant
-dear ones, sickness—that shall make this “round world, and all it doth
-inherit,” a blank, and a mockery—longings to set foot once more on
-solid earth, which have no parallel, save the wail of the weaned child
-for its mother.
-
-Many, and of almost endless variety, are the pleasant drives that will
-solicit you. The Clove Road, the Quarantine, the lovely, secluded grove,
-with the townships of Richmond, Stapleton, Castleton, Tompkinsville,
-Clifton, etc. are among them. Seldom, in a circumference of a few miles,
-are such contrasts of scenery displayed. At one point you fancy yourself
-in the Isle of Wight, then you are reminded of the Vale of Tempo, and
-the fabled gardens of the Hesperides. Fair, sunny lawns—deep, solemn
-forests, the resounding wheels of mechanical industry, alternate like a
-dream, with clusters of humble cottages, the heavy ricks of the
-agriculturist, and rude, gray rocks, from whose solitary heights, you
-talk only with Ocean, while he answers in thunder.
-
-In our exploring excursions, we often admired, amid its fringed margin
-of trees, a circular expanse of water, from whence ice is obtained for
-the use of the residents, and which bears the appellation of
-
- SYLVAN LAKE.
-
- Imbosomed deep in cedars, lonely lake!
- Thy solemn neighbors that in silence dwell,
- Save when to searching winds they answer make,
- Then closer scan thee, in thy guarded cell,
- No rippling keel hath vexed thee from thy birth,
- No fisher’s net thy cloistered musing broke,
- Nor aught that holds communion with the earth
- Thy sky-wrapt spirit to emotion woke,
- For thou from man wert fain to hide away,
- Nursing a vestal purity of thought,
- And only when stern Winter’s tyrant sway
- A seal of terror on thy heart had wrought,
- Gave him one icy gift, then turned away,
- Unto the pure-eyed heavens, in penitence to pray.
-
-There are several pleasantly situated churches on Staten Island. The
-small one at Clifton, with its dark grained arches of oak, strongly
-resembles those of the mother land. An ancient, low-browed one, at
-Richmond, was built and endowed by Queen Anne, in 1714. Around it sleep
-the dead, with their simple memorials. The sacred music that varied the
-worship, was sweet and touching, and conducted almost entirely by the
-seven daughters of its worthy and venerable clergyman, Dr. David Moore,
-a son of the former bishop of Virginia. He has also charge of another
-church, at Port Richmond. There we attended divine worship, one
-cloudless autumnal Sunday, not deeming the distance of thirteen miles,
-going and returning, as any obstacle. It was a simple edifice, on a
-green slope, that stretched downward to meet the sea. In his discourse,
-the white-haired pastor reminded his flock that for twice twenty years
-he had urged them to accept the invitations of the gospel, on that very
-spot, where the voice of his sainted father had been also uplifted,
-beseeching them to be reconciled to God. Earnest zeal gave eloquence to
-his words; and when they ceased, the solemn organ did its best to uplift
-the listening soul in praise.
-
-At the close of the service many lingered in the church-yard, to
-exchange kind greetings with their revered guide. Old and young pressed
-near to take his hand, while with affectionate cordiality he asked of
-their welfare, as a father among his children. It was patriarchal and
-beautiful. Religion in its pageantry and pomp hath nothing like it.
-
-A boat, with its flashing oars, bore a portion of the worshipers to
-their homes on the opposite shore. But on the rocks beneath us sat some
-listless fishermen, idling away the hours of the consecrated day. Ah!
-have ye not missed salvation’s priceless pearl? The wondrous glory of
-the setting sun, as we pursued our homeward way, and the tranquil
-meditations arising from the simplicity of devotion, made this a Sabbath
-to be much remembered.
-
-We were interested more than once in attending divine service in the
-chapel of the Sailor’s Snug Harbor—a noble building, the gift of
-private munificence, where the bronzed features and neat, tranquil
-appearance of these favored sons of the sea, spoke at once of past
-hardships upon the briny wave and of the unbroken comfort of their
-present state of repose.
-
-The cliffs and vales of this enchanted island are crowned with the
-elegant mansions of the merchant princes. Among them are those of the
-brothers Nesmyth, Mr. Anthon, Mr. Aspinwall, Mr. Morgan, and others,
-that I greatly admired, without knowing the names of their occupants.
-That of Mr. Comstock exhibits a model of perfect taste. All the
-appointments within—the pictures, vases, and furniture of white and
-gold, bespeak Parisian elegance, while the grounds and conservatory are
-attractive; and in the centre of a rich area of turf, a dial points out
-the hours to which beauty and fragrance give wings.
-
-The residence of Mr. Jones, at “The Cedars,” has a very extensive
-prospect, and is embellished by highly cultivated gardens of several
-acres, loaded with fruits and flowers; and also, by an interesting
-apiary, aviary, and poultry establishment, where hundreds of domestic
-fowls, of the finest varieties, revel in prosperity.
-
-The habitation of George Griswold, Esq. is princely, and of a truly
-magnificent location. While in an unfinished state, the prospect from
-the windows excited the following effusion:
-
- GRISWOLD HILL.
-
- Earth, sea and sky, in richest robes arrayed,
- Wide spreads the glorious panorama round,
- Charming the gazer’s eye. O’er wind-swept height,
- Villa, and spire, and ocean’s glorious blue
- Floats the mild, westering sun. Fast by our side
- Frowns Fort Knyphausen, whence, in olden time,
- The whiskered Hessian, bought with British gold,
- Aimed at my country’s heart. Wild cedars wrap
- Its ruined base, stretching their arras dark
- O’er mound and mouldering bastion.
- With what grace
- New Jersey’s shores expand. Hillock and grove,
- Hamlet and town, and lithe promontory,
- Engird this islet, as a mother clasps
- Some beauteous daughter. Still, opposing straits,
- With their strong line of indentations, mar
- The entire embrace.
- Broad spreads the billowy bay,
- Forever peopled by the gliding sail,
- From the slight speck where the rude fisher toils,
- To forms that, like a mountain, tread the wave,
- Or those that, moved by latent fires, compel
- The awe-struck flood.
- Lo! from his northern home,
- The bold, unswerving Hudson. He hath burst
- The barrier of his palisades, to look
- On this strange scene of beauty, and to swell
- With lordly tribute what he scans with pride.
- Behold the peerless city, lifting high
- Its hallowed spires, and fringed with bristling masts,
- In whose strong breast beat half a million hearts,
- Instinct with hurrying life. The gray-haired sires
- Remember well, how the dank waters crept
- Where now, in queenly pomp, her court she holds.
- Next gleams that Isle, whose long-drawn line of coast
- Is loved by Ceres. On its western heights
- Towereth a busy mart, and ’neath its wing,
- One, whose pure domes are wrapped in sacred shade,
- Silent, yet populous. Through its still gates
- Pass on the unreturning denizens.
- Oh, Greenwood! loveliest spot for last repose,
- When the stern pilgrimage of life is o’er,
- Even thy dim outline through the haze is dear.
- Onward, by Coney Island’s silvery reef,
- To where, between its lowly valves of sand,
- Opes the Highway of Nations. Through it flows
- The commerce of the world. The Mother Realm
- Sends on its tides her countless embassies;
- Bright France invokes the potency of steam
- To wing her message; from his ice-clad pines
- The Scandinavian, the grave, turbaned Turk,
- The Greek mercurial, even the hermit-sons
- Of sage Confucius, like the sea-bird, spread
- Fleet pinions toward this city of the west,
- That like a money-changer for the earth
- Sits ’neath her temple-dome.
- Yon ocean-gate,
- With telegraphic touch, doth chronicle
- The rushing tide of sea-worn emigrants,
- Who reach the land that gives the stranger bread,
- Perchance a grave. And he who ventureth forth,
- The willing prisoner of some white-winged ship,
- To seek Hygeia o’er the wave, or test
- What spells do linger round those classic climes
- That woke his boyhood’s dream, fails not his heart
- As the blest hills of Neversink withdraw
- Their misty guardianship?
- Speech may not tell—
- For well I know its poverty to paint
- The rapture, when the homeward glance descries,
- That native land, whose countless novelties,
- And forms of unimagined life, eclipse
- The worn-out wonders of an Older World,
- That, with its ghostly finger, only points
- To things that were.
- Oh! great and solemn Deep,
- Profound magician of the musing thought,
- Release my strain, that to the beauteous Isle
- Which hath so long enchained me, thanks may flow,
- Warm, though inadequate.
- The changeful hand
- Of Autumn sheds o’er forest, copse, and grove,
- In gorgeous hues, the symbol of decay;
- But here and there some fondly lingering flower,
- Sweet resonance of Summer, cheers the rocks
- Where warm suns latest smile.
- Oh, fairest Isle!
- I grieve to say farewell. Still for the sake
- Of those I love, and for the memories dear,
- And sacred hospitalities that cling
- Around the mansion, whence my steps depart,
- Peace be within the palace-domes that crest
- Thy sea-girt hills, and ’neath the cottage roofs
- That nestle ’mid thy dells. For when I dream
- Of some blest Eden that survived the fall,
- That dream shall be of thee.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- EVENING.
-
-
- Shades of Evening! ye remind me
- Of my own declining sun,
- And of scenes I’ll leave behind me
- When my sands of life are run!
-
- Should that change come ere to-morrow,
- Grant that I may sink to rest,
- And from Virtue’s glory borrow
- Hues to make my Evening blest.
- J. HUNT, JR.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- WOODLAWN:
-
-
- OR THE OTHER SIDE OF THE MEDAL.
-
-
- BY F. E. F., AUTHOR OF A “MARRIAGE OF CONVENIENCE,” ETC.
-
-
- ’Tis distance lends enchantment to the view.
- Campbell.
-
-“What are you thinking of so intently, Annie?” asked Kate Leslie, of her
-cousin. “You have not spoken for the last half hour.”
-
-Annie roused herself and answered with a smile, “Only of last night’s
-Opera. Nothing very important, you see.”
-
-“And what of the Opera?” pursued Kate. “Come, I should like to hear a
-genuine, unsophisticated opinion of our most fashionable city
-amusement.”
-
-“I was thinking less of the music, Kate!” returned Annie, “than of the
-audience.”
-
-“And of the audience?” persisted Kate.
-
-“Well, Kate, if you will have it, I was only thinking how happy and gay
-they all looked. What a different world it was from any I had ever seen
-before; and thinking what a difference of fate there was between those
-elegant-looking girls who sat opposite, and myself.”
-
-“Ah! the Hautons, they are fortune’s favorites indeed. They have every
-thing, fortune, family, fashion—and elegant, high-bred looking things
-they are. They called yesterday and left a card for you; but Mrs. Hauton
-told mamma last night that they were moving out to Woodlawn, and hoped
-we would return the visit there. I should like it of all things, for the
-place is magnificent, and I am told they entertain delightfully. We have
-always visited in the city, but have never before been invited out of
-town. As soon as Mrs. Hauton is settled there, I presume we shall hear
-from her. Fanny Elliot spent a week with them last summer, and she said
-it was a continued round of dinner and evening-parties all the time.
-Beside invited guests, they have always preparations made for unexpected
-company. The table is laid every day as for a dinner-party, with silver,
-and I don’t know how many men in attendance. And then they have a
-billiard-room and library, and green-house and horses—and all in the
-handsomest style.”
-
-“And an opera-box in town,” said Annie, with something that approached a
-sigh.
-
-“Oh, yes, an opera-box, and every thing else you can think of. They live
-in the city in the winter, and their parties are always the most elegant
-of the season. The girls dress exquisitely, too. They import most of
-their things; and, in short, I don’t know any one I’d rather be than one
-of those Hautons.”
-
-Annie, who lived in the quiet little village of C——, where her father,
-the principal lawyer in the place, could just manage to maintain his
-family in a plain, comfortable, but rather homespun way, was rather
-dazzled by this picture of the Hautons; and her heart quite died within
-her at the idea of paying a visit among such grand people. She looked
-upon Kate’s fearlessness on the subject with some surprise. But then
-Kate, she remembered, was “used to such people.” But how should she, a
-little village-girl, appear among these fashionables. Then her dress,
-(that first thought among women,) she almost hoped Mrs. Hauton would
-forget to follow up her invitation.
-
-A few days after, however, Kate entered the room, saying, “Here is a
-note from Mrs. Hauton, Annie, as I expected. She wishes us to pass a few
-days at Woodlawn. Mamma desired me to show it to you before she answered
-it. So what do you say?”
-
-“Just what you do, of course,” replied Annie. “They are almost strangers
-to me, you know; so you must decide for us both. I am ready to accept or
-refuse—”
-
-“Oh, my dear,” interrupted Kate, quickly, “I would not have you refuse
-on any account. I am particularly glad, for your sake, that the
-invitation should have come while you are with us. Indeed, Annie, I
-consider you quite in luck that we are asked just at this time.”
-
-“How long are we to stay?” inquired Annie.
-
-“We are invited from Monday to Wednesday, in English style,” replied
-Kate, “which I like. Of all things I hate that indefinite period of ‘as
-long as you find it agreeable,’ when half your time is spent in trying
-to find out how long you are expected to remain, and your hostess is
-equally occupied in endeavoring to ascertain when you mean to go.”
-
-Annie’s eyes dilated with surprise at this definition of city
-hospitality, which sounded to her fresh country ears and primitive ideas
-as somewhat remarkable, but concluding that her cousin was in jest, she
-smiled as she said,
-
-“Is it usual to fix a time for your friends’ departure as it is for
-their coming, Kate?”
-
-“No,” answered Kate. “I wish it were. It would not, then, be such a
-formidable matter to ask them.”
-
-“Are you in earnest?” asked Annie, looking up surprised.
-
-“To be sure I am,” replied Kate. “You don’t know what a bore it is to
-have a place near the city, Annie, and to have people coming forever,
-without an idea when they are going.”
-
-“Then why do you ask them at all, if you don’t want them?” inquired
-Annie.
-
-“Oh, because you _must_,” said Kate. “Some expect it, to others you owe
-civilities; and its all very well if the time of their going was only
-fixed. Two or three days for people you don’t care for, and who don’t
-care for you, is long enough.”
-
-“Plenty, I should think,” answered Annie, emphatically. “And I should
-not think, Kate, there was any danger of guests under such circumstances
-remaining longer.”
-
-“Much you know of it, my dear!” said Kate, in a droll tone of despair.
-“The less you care for them, and the greater the bores, the longer they
-stay. But papa and mamma have such old-fashioned notions of hospitality,
-that they wont adopt this new style of naming the days of the
-invitation. The Hautons understand the matter better.”
-
-“Come, Annie,” said Kate, the next day, “as we are to breakfast at
-Woodlawn, we shall have no time to do any thing in the morning, so we
-may as well pack our trunk now. I suppose you’ll ride out in your gray
-barège,” she continued, as she opened the wardrobe to take down some of
-her own and her cousin’s dresses.
-
-Now as this gray barège was one of Annie’s two best dresses, and which
-she was accustomed to think quite full dress, she hesitated, and said,
-with some surprise,
-
-“My gray barège for the morning?”
-
-“Yes, it will do very well,” continued Kate, supposing her hesitation
-proceeded from diffidence as to its being too plain. “The simpler a
-breakfast-dress the better; and gray is always a good _unnoticeable_
-color.”
-
-Annie almost gasped. If she was to begin with her barège for breakfast,
-what should she do for dinner. But Kate proceeded with,
-
-“Take the sleeves out of your book-muslin, Annie, and that will do for
-dinner. You are always safe in white, and I suppose they will supply us
-with Camelias from the green-house for our heads.”
-
-“Book-muslins, short sleeves, and Camelia’s for dinner.” Annie’s heart
-beat high between expectation and fear. She almost wished the visit
-over, and yet would not have given it up for the world.
-
-Monday morning arrived, and an hour’s drive brought them to Woodlawn.
-And as they drove up through the beautiful avenues of elms, and stopped
-before a very large, handsome house, which commanded a beautiful lawn,
-Annie felt that the place quite equalled her expectations.
-
-Mrs. Hauton received them with great politeness, made a slight apology
-for her “lazy girls,” who were not yet down, and showed them into the
-breakfast-room before the young ladies made their appearance.
-
-They came gliding in presently, looking very elegant and high-bred,
-dressed in the finest white lawn negligées, with the prettiest little
-thread-lace caps on their heads; their whole toilet exquisitely fine,
-simple, and _recherché_, so that poor Annie felt at once the value and
-consolation of the expression, “_unnoticeable_,” that Kate had applied
-to her barège, and which had rather astonished her at the time.
-
-They did not seem to feel called upon to apologize for their not being
-ready to receive their guests, but only found it “very warm,” asked at
-what time they left the city, and were quite shocked at the early hour
-they mentioned, and thought it “must have been very disagreeable,” and
-it was evident from their manner that they would not have risen so early
-to come and see them.
-
-The conversation became general, if that can be called conversation
-which consisted of some remarks upon the long-continued drought from
-Mrs. Hauton, with rejoinders as to the heat and dust of the city, from
-Mrs. Leslie. Mr. Leslie inquired something about the state of the crops
-of Mr. Hauton, and Mr. Hauton asked a question or two about the new
-rail-road. The young ladies kept up a little scattering small-talk,
-consisting chiefly of questions as to who had left town, and who
-remained yet in the city, and where the Leslies were going, etc., all of
-which Annie would have thought very dull, if she had not been too much
-oppressed by the novelty and elegance of every thing around her to dare
-to think at all.
-
-After breakfast a walk was proposed through the garden, and Mrs. Hauton,
-with Mrs. Leslie, walking on before, the young ladies followed. Mrs.
-Hauton commenced a long story about her head gardener, who had behaved,
-she said, “very ungratefully in leaving her for a place where he could
-get higher wages, when she had dismissed the man she had, to take him,
-because he had offered to come on lower terms, and after she had kept
-him for a year, he had now left her, for the very wages she had given
-her first man; but they are all so mercenary,” she concluded with
-saying.
-
-Annie could not help thinking that if a rich woman like Mrs. Hauton
-thought so much of additional wages, it was not surprising that her
-gardener, who probably had a family depending on him, did not value them
-less; nor did she see the call upon his gratitude for having been
-engaged at less than his worth.
-
-Then Mrs. Hauton proceeded to tell Mrs. Leslie how many men they kept at
-work on the place, and how much they gave them a day, and at what an
-enormous cost they kept up the green-house, which “was, after all, of no
-use to them, as they spent their winters in the city, and the girls had
-more bouquets sent to them than they wanted.” And then followed her
-complaints of the grapery, which were equally pathetic, and all was
-excessively pompous and prosy.
-
-Annie was in admiration of her aunt’s good breeding, which supplied her
-with patience and attention, and suitable rejoinders to all Mrs.
-Hauton’s enumeration of the calls on her purse, and the plagues of her
-wealth. Indeed, Annie began rather to doubt whether her aunt could be as
-tired as she at first thought she must be, she kept up the conversation
-with so little appearance of effort. She did not herself listen to the
-half of it, but whenever she did, she always found it was some long
-story about the dairy-woman, who would do what she should not, or the
-price of the luxuries by which they were surrounded, which Mrs. Hauton
-seemed to think a great imposition that they could not have for nothing.
-
-Meantime the Miss Hautons kept up a languid complaint of the heat, and
-asked Kate if she did not find it “horrid.” And when Annie stopped to
-look at some beautiful and rare flowers, and asked their name, they
-replied they did not know, “the gardener could tell her,” and seemed
-rather annoyed at her stopping in the sun to look at them, and wondered
-at her curiosity about any thing so uninteresting. Annie was something
-of a botanist, and would gladly have lingered over other plants that
-were new to her, for the garden was under the highest cultivation; but
-she saw that it was an interruption to the rest of the party, and they
-sauntered on.
-
-She could not help, however, pausing again with an exclamation of
-delight before a moss rose-tree in full bearing, when Miss Hauton said,
-somewhat sarcastically,
-
-“You are quite an enthusiast in flowers, Miss Cameron.”
-
-“I am very fond of them,” replied Annie, coloring at the tone in which
-the remark was made; “Are not you?”
-
-“No,” replied the young lady, carelessly, “I don’t care for them at all.
-I like a bouquet well enough in the winter. It finishes one’s dress, but
-I don’t see the use of them at all in summer.”
-
-“Oh, I hate them,” added her sister, almost pettishly. “They are such a
-plague. People who come out are always wanting some; and then the
-gardener is to be sent for, and he always grumbles at cutting them, and
-half the time he has not cord to tie them up, and papa sends me to the
-house for some. If I had a place, I would not have a flower on it; but
-mamma says the gardener has not any thing to do but to attend to the
-garden, so she will have flowers.”
-
-“Why, certainly, my dear,” said Mrs. Hauton, who caught this last
-remark, “what should we pay Ralston such wages to do nothing. He gets
-his money easy enough now. If he had merely the green-house to take care
-of, I think it would be too bad.”
-
-So flowers were cultivated, it seemed, chiefly that the gardener might
-not gain his living without “the sweat of his brow.”
-
-As they came within sight of the river, to which the lawn sloped, Annie
-proposed that they should walk down to it; but the young ladies assured
-her at once that she would find it “very disagreeable;” and asking if
-they were not tired, turned their footsteps toward the house.
-
-They returned to the drawing-room, and after a little dawdling
-conversation, Miss Hauton took down her embroidery frame, and began to
-sort worsteds, while Miss Fanny produced a purse and gold beads, of
-which she offered to show Kate the stitch.
-
-Kate congratulated herself in the depths of her heart, that she had had
-foresight to arm herself with some needles and silk, and felt equal to
-all the emergencies of the morning; but poor Annie, one of whose
-accomplishments had not been to spend money and waste time in fancy
-work, could only offer to assist Miss Hauton in winding worsteds, by way
-of doing something.
-
-Fortunately for Mrs. Leslie, Mrs. Hauton’s stream of talk was unceasing.
-She told innumerable and interminable stories (at least so they seemed
-to Annie) of the impositions of poor people; was very indignant at the
-sums they were called upon to give, and highly excited at the prices
-which were demanded of them, and which she thought people in more
-moderate circumstance were not asked. But more indignant yet was she
-when, on some occasions, they had not been treated with more prompt
-attention, and had superior comforts to others who were not as rich as
-themselves. She only, it seemed, expected to be put on a level with
-poorer people when the paying was in question. She evidently had an idea
-that the knowledge of her wealth was to procure her civilities which she
-was very angry at being called upon to pay for.
-
-Annie thought it the longest morning she had ever passed; and when the
-servants announced the luncheon, she awoke as from a nightmare.
-
-Gathering round the table, everybody ate, not from appetite, but ennui.
-Mrs. Hauton continued her stream of talk, (for, apparently, she had no
-sense of fatigue,) which now turned upon the hot-house and the price of
-her forced fruits.
-
-Another hour passed in the drawing-room, in the same way, and Annie
-happening to be near a table, on which lay some books, took up a new
-review in which she was soon absorbed. After reading a few pages she
-(being the first person who had looked into it) was obliged to cut the
-leaves, when she heard Miss Hauton say, in the same scornful tone in
-which she had pronounced her an enthusiast in flowers,
-
-“Miss Cameron is literary, I see;” and Annie, coloring, again dropped
-the book, and returned to her wearisome place on the sofa.
-
-Kate found to her great delight that company was expected to dinner, and
-when the preparation-bell rang, the girls, almost in a state of
-exhaustion, retired to dress.
-
-“Kate,” exclaimed Annie, “I am almost dead. I don’t know what has tired
-me so, but I feel as if I had been in an exhausted receiver.”
-
-Kate laughed.
-
-“You should have brought some work with you, Annie. If you had only been
-counting stitches, as I have been, you don’t know what a support it
-would have been to you under Mrs. Hauton’s talk. She is intolerable if
-you listen to her—but that I did not do. However, take courage. The
-Langtrees and Constants, and Merediths, are coming to dinner. Here, let
-me put this wreath of honeysuckle in your hair. There, it’s very
-becoming; only, Annie, you must not look so tired,” she continued,
-laughing, “or I am afraid you’ll make no conquests. And Constant and
-Meredith are coming with their sisters.”
-
-After half an hour’s free and unconstrained chat, and conscious of a
-pretty and becoming toilet, refreshed and invigorated for a new attempt
-in society, Annie accompanied her aunt and cousin again to the
-drawing-room.
-
-The new comers had arrived; a stylish-looking set—the girls in full
-dress, the young men so whiskered and mustachioed that Annie was
-surprised to hear them speak English. They were received with great
-animation by the Hautons, who seemed to belong to that class of young
-ladies who never thoroughly wake but at the approach of a gentleman.
-
-The young men glanced slightly at Annie, and Mr. Meredith even gave her
-a second look. He thought her decidedly pretty, and a “new face,” which
-was something; but after a remark or two, finding she “knew nobody,” and
-did not belong to the clique, the trouble of finding topics of mutual
-interest seemed greater than he thought her worth, and so he turned to
-Miss Hauton; and Annie soon found herself dropped from a conversation
-that consisted entirely of personal gossip.
-
-“So, the wedding has come off at last,” said Susan Hauton to Mr.
-Constant. “I hope the Gores are satisfied now. Were you there? How did
-Mr. Langley look?”
-
-“Resigned,” replied the young man, slightly shrugging his shoulders.
-
-Susan laughed, though at what Annie could not very well perceive, and
-continued with,
-
-“And the bride—how did she look?”
-
-“As brides always do—charmingly, of course,” he replied, languidly.
-“You ladies, with your veils, and flowers, and flounces, may set nature
-herself at defiance, and dare her to recognize you such as she made
-you.”
-
-“If Fanny Gore looked charming,” said Ellen Hauton, sarcastically, “I
-think it might have puzzled more than dame Nature to recognize her. I
-doubt whether Mr. Langley would have known her under such a new aspect.”
-
-“I think we may give him credit for differing from others on that
-point,” said Kate. “A woman has a right to be thought pretty once in her
-life, and Cupid’s blind, fortunately.”
-
-“Cupid may be, but Mr. Langley is not,” replied Miss Hauton, in the same
-careless, sneering tone. “It’s a shameful take in.”
-
-“A take in!” repeated Kate, with surprise.
-
-“Yes, certainly,” replied Miss Hauton. “He did not want to marry her.”
-
-“Then why did he?” asked Kate. “He was surely a free agent.”
-
-“No, he was not,” persisted Miss Susan. “The Gores would have him; they
-followed him up, and never let him alone until they got him.”
-
-“Do you believe,” returned Kate, with some spirit, “that any man is to
-be made to marry against his will? There’s no force can do it.”
-
-“But the force of flattery,” said young Meredith; “is a very powerful
-agent, Miss Leslie.”
-
-“Then,” said Kate, laughing, “every match is a ‘take in,’ on that
-ground. Is not every bride flattered till she feels as if she had
-entered a new state of being? Is not every girl turned, for the time
-being, into a beauty? Do you suppose any body ever yet fell in love on
-the truth?”
-
-“No, indeed,” replied the gentleman. “Truth’s kept where she should be,
-at the ‘bottom of a well.’ A most ill-bred personage, not fit for ‘good
-society,’ certainly.”
-
-Then the conversation branched off to other matches, and to Annie’s
-surprise she heard these high-bred, delicate looking girls, talk of
-their friends making “dead sets” and “catches,” and of young men being
-“taken in,” in a style that struck her as decidedly vulgar. Kate, to
-turn the subject, asked Mr. Constant if he had been to the opera the
-night before.
-
-“I looked in,” he replied. “Vita was screaming away as usual.”
-
-“Oh, is not she horrid?” exclaimed Miss Hauton.
-
-“The opera’s a bore,” pursued her sister. “Caradori’s detestable and
-Vita a horror. I hope they’ll get a new troupe next winter. I am sick of
-this set.”
-
-“I thought you were fond of the opera,” remarked Kate. “You are there
-always.”
-
-“Yes; we have a box, and one must go somewhere; but I was tired to death
-before the season was half over. Here, Mr. Meredith, hold this silk for
-me,” she continued, calling to the young gentleman, who was looking out
-of the window, meditating the possibility of making his escape to the
-refreshment of a cigar.
-
-“That’s right, make him useful, Miss Hauton,” said Mr. Constant, as the
-reluctant Meredith declared himself most happy and honored in being so
-employed; but he set his back teeth firmly, and with difficulty
-suppressed a yawn, which was evident in spite of his efforts to conquer
-it. Miss Hauton’s animation, however, was more than a match for his
-indifference. He was not to be let off. Young ladies, and high-bred ones
-too, will sometimes pin young gentlemen, whether or no. It’s bad policy;
-for Annie heard him say, as he afterward escaped and walked off the
-piazza with his friend, and a cigar in his mouth,
-
-“What bores these girls are, with their confounded worsteds and
-nonsense.”
-
-The evening passed in pretty much the same way. Much gossip, varied with
-some very bad music, for Miss Hauton sang, and, like most amateurs,
-would undertake more than she could execute. Annie thought of the
-“screamer Vita” and that “horrid Caradori,” and wondered that ears that
-were so delicate, so alive to the smallest fault in the music of others,
-should have so little perception of their own sins of commission.
-
-“Oh,” said Kate, as they retired to their room at night, “did not the
-Hauton’s ‘Casta Diva’ set your teeth on edge? Such an absurdity, for a
-girl like her to attempt what few professional persons can sing. You
-look tired to death, Annie, and no wonder, for, between you and I, these
-Hautons are very common girls. Strange! I’ve known them for years, and
-yet never knew them before. Dress and distance make such a difference.”
-
-“They seem to have so little enjoyment in anything,” remarked Annie.
-“Every thing seems, in their phrase, ‘a bore.’ Now, to us in the
-country, every thing is a pleasure. I suppose it is because we have so
-little,” she continued, smiling, “that we must make the most of it.”
-
-“Well,” said Kate, doubtfully, as if the idea was quite new to her, “is
-not that better than to be weary with much?”
-
-“And yet you would laugh at one of our little meetings,” replied Annie,
-“where we talk of books, sing ballads, and sometimes dance after the
-piano.”
-
-“That is primitive, to be sure,” said Kate, with something of contempt
-in her heart for such gothic amusements.
-
-“It’s pleasant, at any rate,” thought Annie, as she laid her head on her
-pillow and remembered, with infinite satisfaction, that she had only one
-day more to stay among these very fine, very common people.
-
-“And is it possible,” she thought, “that I should be such a fool as to
-envy them because they looked gay and graceful across the opera house?
-And half of the rest of them are, doubtless, no better. Oh for one
-pleasant, spirited talk with Allan Fitzhugh.” And then her mind traveled
-off to home and a certain clever young lawyer, and she fell asleep
-dreaming she was in C——, and was once again a _belle_, (as one always
-is in one’s dreams,) and awoke to another dull day of neglect and
-commonplaces, to return home more disenchanted of the gay world and its
-glitter, more thoroughly contented than she ever would have been with
-her own intelligent and animated home, had she not passed three days at
-Woodlawn, amid the dullness of wealth, unembellished by true refinement
-or enlightened by a ray of wit.
-
-But it was all right. To Annie had been given that which she most
-appreciated; to the Hautons all that they were capable of enjoying.
-
-Would either party have changed? No. The pity was mutual, the contempt
-was mutual, and the satisfaction of both sides as complete as ever falls
-to the lot of mortals. Annie had seen the other side of the medal, and
-the Hautons did not know there was another side to be seen.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- THE WASTED HEART.
-
-
- BY MISS L. VIRGINIA SMITH.
-
-
- “The trees of the forest shall blossom again,
- The song-bird shall warble its soul-thrilling strain,
- But the heart Fate hath wasted no spring can restore,
- And its song shall be joyful—no more, never more.”
-
- A blush was deepening through the folded leaves
- Of that young, guileless heart, and far within
- Upon the altar of her soul a flame
- Like to an inspiration came; she _felt_
- That she had learned to love as e’en the heart
- Of woman seldom loves.
- She was an orphan child, and sorrow’s storm
- With bitter breath had swept her gentle soul;
- But that was past—and fresh in purity
- It reveled in a blissful consciousness—
- It _loved_, and _was beloved_.
-
- She _knew_ she loved—and when the twilight dim
- Stole on with balmy silence, she would list
- A coming step, whose music fall kept time
- To all the hurried throbbings of her heart,
- And when it stayed, a softened glance would seek
- Her drooping eye, whose deepest faith had poured
- Its dreamy worship forth so fearlessly;
- Eyes that to him alone were _never_ silent,
- Whose glances sometimes sought for his, and threw
- Their light far through his spirit, till it thrilled
- To music every tightened nerve that strung
- The living lyre of being.
-
- At such an hour his burning passion slept
- Before the portals of their azure heaven,
- Like to some wandering angel who has sunk
- To rest beside the glory-shadowed gate
- Of a lost Paradise; and when he bowed
- To press his lip upon the brow that lay
- Soft pillowed on his bosom, she would start
- Up from his half embrace, and then, to hide
- Her sweet confusion, turn aside to part
- With white and jeweled fingers, tremblingly,
- The rich, dark masses of his waving hair.
- Then joyous hopes came crowding brightly through
- Their dreaming souls, as did the evening stars
- Through the calm heaven above them, and the world
- Of happiness that lay upon their hearts
- Was silent all, for language had no words
- To shadow forth the fond imaginings,
- That made its very atmosphere a heaven
- Of dreamy, rich, voluptuous purity.
- An angel bowed before the mercy-seat
- Trusts not more purely in the changeless One
- To whom his prayer ascendeth, than did she
- The proud, bright being whom her deathless love
- Had made its idol-god—she could have laid
- Her soft white hand in his without one thought
- Except of love and trust, and bade him lead
- Her to the end of life’s bewildered maze,
- Blindfolded, while her heart on his would rest
- Without one care for Time, one lonely fear
- For that Eternity which mortals dread.
- Such, then, is _woman’s love_—and wo to him
- By whom her trusting nature is betrayed!
- ——
- A change—a fearful, sad and blighting change—
- Came o’er them—how or why it matters not—
- Enough to know it came—enough to _feel_
- That they shall meet as they have met, no more.
- Of him we speak not—we but know he lives;
- And she whose heart, whose very life was his,
- Could tell you nothing more.
- Lost—lost forever—and her life stood still,
- And gazed upon the future’s cold gray heaven,
- As if to catch one gleam of hope’s fair star—
- No hope was there for her—the hand of God
- Lay darkly in the cloud that shadowed it.
- A _never-ending, living death_ was hers,
- And one by one she saw her hopes expire,
- But shed no tear, because the fount was dry;
- Hers was a grief too strangely sad for tears.
- You heard no shriek of anguish as the tide
- Of cold and leaden loneliness swept in
- Upon her gentle bosom, though the fall
- Of earth upon the coffin of the loved
- And lost was not more fearful.
- She prayed for power to “_suffer and be still_.”
- And God was merciful—it came at last,
- As dreamless slumber to a heart that mourns.
- She smoothed her brow above a burning brain,
- Her eye was bright, and strangers never knew
- That all its brilliancy and light was drawn
- From out the funeral pyre of every hope
- That in an earlier, happier hour had glowed
- On passion’s hidden altar. Months rolled on,
- And when the softened color came again
- To cheek and lip, it was as palely bright
- As though from out a sleeping rose’s heart
- Its sweetest life had faded tranquilly.
- She mingled with the world—its gay saloons
- Gave back the echo of her joyous laugh;
- Her ruby lip, wreathed with its winning smile,
- Gently replied to gentler flatteries,
- And when her soul flowed forth upon the waves
- Of feeling in the charméd voice of song,
- You would have deemed that gushing melody
- The music of a purest, happiest heart,
- So bird-like was its very joyousness.
- And many envied that lone orphan girl
- Her light and happy spirit—oh! it was
- A bitter, burning mockery! when her life
- Was one continued struggle with itself
- To _seem_ what it could never _be_—to hide
- Its gnawing vulture ’neath a sunny smile—
- To crush the soul that panted to be free—
- And force her gasping heart to drink again
- The love that _fed upon itself_ and wore
- Her inner life away!
- They could not know her—could not understand
- How one could live, and smile, and _still be cursed_,
- Cursed with a “living judgment,” once to be
- Beloved—and then to be beloved no more,
- And _never to forget_. Her life was like
- Some pictured lily which the artist’s hand
- Gives its proportion—shades its virgin leaves
- With nature’s beauty—but the bee can find
- No banquet there—the breeze waft no perfume.
- The shadows of the tomb have lengthened o’er
- Her sky that blushes with the morn of life;
- Far on the inner shrine of Memory’s fane,
- Lie the cold ashes of her “wasted heart,”
- By burning sighs that sweep the darkened soul,
- By lava-drops wrung from a fevered brain,
- Or e’en the breath of God to be rekindled
- Never—no “_never more!_”
- ——
- And thus it is that _woman’s_ sacrifice
- Upon the altar of existence is
- (That pulse of life) her _warm_ and _loving heart_!
- Far other tongues beside the poet’s lyre
- There are to teach us that we often _do_
- But “let our young affections run to waste
- And water but the desert”—that we make
- An idol to ourselves—we bow before
- Its worshiped altar-stone, and even while
- Our incense-wreaths of adoration rise
- It crumbles down before that breath, a mass
- Of shining dust; we garner in our hearts
- A stream of love undying, but to pour
- Its freshness out at last upon a shrine
- Of gilded clay!
- Our barque floats proudly on—
- The waves of Time may bear us calmly o’er
- This life’s deep under-current—but the tones
- Of love that woke the echoes of the Past
- Are stilled, or only murmur mournfully,
- “_No more—oh! never more!_”
- And other hearts who bow before the shrine
- Of young though shadowed beauty—can they know
- What is the idol that they seek to win?
- A _mind the monument_—a _form_ the _grave_—
- Where sleep the ashes of a “_wasted heart_!”
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- A HEALTH TO MY BROTHER.
-
-
- BY R. PENN SMITH.
-
-
- Fill the bowl to the brim, there’s no use in complaining;
- We’ll drown the dark dream, while a care is remaining;
- And though the sad tear may embitter the wine,
- Drink half, never fear, the remainder is mine.
-
- True, others may drink in the lightness of soul,
- But the pleasure I think is the tear in the bowl;
- Then fill up the bowl with the roseate wine,
- And the tears of my soul shall there mingle with thine.
-
- And that being done, we will quaff it, my brother;
- Who drinks of the one should partake of the other.
- Thy head is now gray, and I follow with pain.—
- Pshaw! think of our day, and we’re children again.
-
- ’Tis folly to grieve that our life’s early vision
- Shone but to deceive, and then flit in derision.
- A fairy-like show, far too fragile to last;
- As bright as the rain-bow, and fading as fast.
-
- ’Tis folly to mourn that our hearts’ foolish kindness
- Received in return but deceit for their blindness;
- And vain to regret that false friends have all flown;
- Since fortune hath set, we can buffet alone.
-
- Then fill up the glass, there’s no use in repining
- That friends quickly leave us, when fortune’s declining—
- Let each drop a tear in the roseate bowl;
- A tear that’s sincere, and then pledge to the soul.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- “WHAT CAN WOMAN DO?”
-
-
- OR THE INFLUENCE OF AN EXAMPLE.
-
-
- BY ALICE B. NEAL.
-
-
- Good, therefore, is the counsel of the Son of Sirach. “Show not
- thy valiantness in wine; for wine hath destroyed many.”
- Jeremy Taylor.
-
-“I am glad you admire my pretty cousin,” said Isabel Gray to a gentleman
-seated near her. “She deserves all her good fortune, which is the
-highest possible compliment when you see how devoted her husband is and
-what a palace-like home he has given her.”
-
-“It does, indeed, seem the very abode of taste and elegance,” and the
-speaker looked around the luxurious apartment with undisguised
-admiration.
-
-The room, with its occupants, seemed, in the mellow light which came
-from lotus shaped vases, like a fine old picture set in a gorgeous
-frame. The curtains, falling in fluted folds, shut out the dreariness of
-a chill November night—a glowing carpet, on whose velvet surface seemed
-thrown the richest flowers and the most luscious fruits, in wild but
-graceful confusion, muffled the tread of the well-trained servants. A
-few rare pictures hung upon the walls, and a group of beautiful women
-were conspicuous among the guests who this evening shared the
-hospitality of the master of the mansion. The dessert had just been
-placed upon the table—rare fruits were heaped in baskets of delicate
-_Sèvres_, that looked _woven_ rather than moulded into their graceful
-shapes; cones and pyramids of delicately tinted ices, and sparkling
-bon-bons—in fine, all that could tempt the most fastidious appetite,
-had been gathered together for this bridal feast.
-
-Very happy was William Rushton that night, and how fondly he glanced, in
-the pauses of conversation, toward his lovely wife, who, for the first
-time, had assumed her place as mistress of all this elegance. But hers
-was a subdued and quiet loveliness,
-
- “Not radiant to a _stranger’s_ eye,”
-
-and many wondered that his choice should have fallen upon her, when
-Isabel Gray seemed so much better suited to his well known
-fastidiousness. Isabel had passed the season of early girlhood, yet her
-clear brow was as smooth, and her complexion as glowing, as when she had
-first entered society the belle of the season. Four winters had passed,
-and, to the astonishment of many an acquaintance, she was still
-unmarried; and now, as the bridemaid of the wealthy Mrs. Rushton, she
-was once more the centre of fashion—the observed of all.
-
-Glittering glasses, of fanciful shape and transparent as if they had
-been the crystal goblets of Shiraz, were sparkling among the fruits and
-flowers. Already they were foaming to the brim with wines, that might
-have warmed the heart of the convivial Clarence himself, whose age was
-the topic of discourse among the gentlemen and of comment to their
-pretty listeners, who were well aware that added years would be no great
-advantage to _them_ in the eyes of these boasting connoisseurs.
-
-“No one can refuse that,” came to the ears of Isabel Gray, in the midst
-of an animated conversation.
-
-“The health of our fair hostess,” said her companion, by way of
-explanation. “We are all friends, you know. Your glass, Miss Gray,” and
-he motioned the attendant to fill it.
-
-“Excuse me,” said she, in a quick, earnest voice, which drew the
-attention of all. “I will drink to Lucy with all my heart, but in water,
-if you please,” and she playfully filled the tall glass from a water
-goblet near her.
-
-“May I be permitted to follow Miss Gray’s example? She must not claim
-all the honor of this new fashion,” and the speaker, a young man with a
-fine though somewhat sad face, suited the action to the word.
-
-Courtesy subdued the astonishment and remonstrances of the host and his
-fashionable friends, and this strange freak of Miss Gray’s formed the
-topic of conversation after the ladies withdrew.
-
-“I do not think it a fancy—Isabel Gray always acts from principle,”
-said one of the party, with whom she had been conversing; and Robert
-Lewis, for so they called her supporter in this unparalleled refusal,
-gayly declared himself bound, for that night at least, to drink nothing
-but water, for her sake.
-
-“Oh, Isabel, how could you do so?” said her cousin, as they re-entered
-the drawingroom, and the ladies had dispersed in various groups to
-examine and admire its decorations.
-
-“Do what, dear Lucy?”
-
-“Why, act in such a strange way. I never knew you to refuse wine before.
-You might, at least, have touched the glass to your lips, as you always
-have done. Mr. Rushton was too polite to remonstrate, but I saw he
-looked terribly annoyed. He is so proud of his wines, too, and I wanted
-him to like you so much. I would not have had it happen—oh, for any
-thing,” and the little lady clasped her hands with a most tragical look
-of distress.
-
-“How very terrible! Is it such a mighty offense? But, seriously, it was
-not a freak. I shall never take wine again.”
-
-“And all my parties to attend? You will be talked about all winter. Why,
-nothing is expected of a lady now-a-days but to sip the least possible
-quantity; and, besides, champagne, you know, Isabel—champagne never
-hurt any one.”
-
-“I have seen too much of its ill effects to agree with you there, Lucy.
-It has led to intemperance again and again. My heart has long condemned
-the practice of convivial drinking, and I cannot countenance it even by
-_seeming_ to join. Think of poor Talfourd—what made him a beggar and a
-maniac! He was your husband’s college friend.”
-
-“Oh, that is but one in a thousand; and, besides, what influence can you
-possibly have. Who, think you, will be the better man for seeing you so
-rude—I must say it—as to refuse to take wine with him?
-
-“We none of us know the influence we exert—perhaps never will know it
-in this world. But, still, the principle remains the same. To-night,
-however, I had a definite object in my pointed refusal. Young Lewis has
-recently made a resolution to avoid every thing that can lead him into
-his one fault. Noble, generous to “the half of his kingdom”—highly
-cultivated, and wealthy, he nearly shipwrecked his fortune when abroad,
-brother tells me, by dissipation—the effect of this same warm-hearted,
-generous nature. It is but very lately that he has seen what a moral and
-mental ruin threatened him, and has resolved to gain a mastery over the
-temptation. I knew of it by accident, and I should not tell it, even to
-you, only that it may prevent his being rallied by Mr. Rushton or
-yourself. To-night was his first trial. I saw the struggle between
-custom, pride, and good resolutions. If he had yielded then, he would
-have become disheartened on reflection, and, perhaps, abandoned his new
-life altogether. I cannot tell—our fate in this world is decided by
-such trivial events. At any rate, I have spared him one stroke—he will
-be stronger next time to refuse for himself.”
-
-“I should not have dreamed of all this! Why I thought it was only his
-Parisian gallantry that made him join with you; but, then, if he has
-once been dissipated, the case is hopeless.”
-
-“Oh, no Lucy, not hopeless; when a strong judgment is once convinced, it
-is the absence of reflection, or a little moral courage, at first, that
-ruins so many.”
-
-“Excellent, excellent,” cried the lively Mrs. Moore, who came up just in
-time to hear Isabel’s closing sentence—“If Miss Gray is not turned
-temperance lecturer! Come, ladies, let her have a numerous audience
-while she is about it. Ah, I know you think to get into Father Mathew’s
-good graces. Shall you call upon him when he arrives, and offer your
-services as assistant?”
-
-“We were discussing the possibility of entire reformation,” said Isabel,
-calmly, quite unmoved by Mrs. Moore’s covert sarcasms, to the ladies who
-now gathered round the lounge on which she sat. “The reformation of a
-man who has been once intemperate, I mean.”
-
-“Oh, intemperance is so shockingly vulgar, my dear,” quavered forth Mrs.
-Bradford, the stately aunt of the hostess. “How can you talk about such
-things. No, to be sure, when a man is once dissipated, you might as well
-give him up. He’s lost to society, _that’s certain_; besides, we women
-have nothing to do with it.”
-
-“I beg your pardon, my dear madam, but I think we have a great deal to
-do, though not in the way of assisting Father Matthew to address
-Temperance Conventions, as Mrs. Moore kindly suggests. Moreover, I have
-known a confirmed inebriate, so supposed, to give up all his old
-associations, and become a useful and honorable member of society.”
-
-“Tell us about it, please, Miss Gray,” urged Emily Bradford, deeply
-interested. “There will be plenty of time before the gentlemen come in.”
-
-And as the request was seconded by many voices, Isabel told her simple
-tale.
-
-[1]“There is no romance about it, Miss Emily; but you remember those
-pretty habit shirts you admired so much last fall—and _you_ have seen
-me wear them, Mrs. Moore. They were made by a woman—a _lady_ whom I
-first saw years ago, when I passed my vacations at Milton, a little town
-not far from Harrisburg. My Aunt Gray was very domestic, and thought it
-no disgrace to the wife of a judge, and one of the most prominent men in
-the state, to see after her own household.
-
-“There was a piece of linen to be made up one vacation; and I remember
-going into my aunt’s room and finding her surrounded by ‘sleeves and
-gussets and bands’—cutting out and arranging them with the most
-exemplary patience. ‘Pray, aunt, why do you bother yourself with such
-things,’ I said, for I was full of boarding-school notions on the
-dignity of _idleness_. ‘Why don’t you leave it for a seamstress.’
-
-“‘If you will go with me this afternoon to see my seamstress, you will
-find out. I should like you to see her.’ And that afternoon our walk
-ended at a plain brown frame house, with nothing to relieve its
-unsightliness but a luxuriant morning-glory vine, which covered one of
-the lower windows.
-
-“‘How is Mrs. Hall to-day?’ aunt said to a dirty little fellow who was
-making sand pies on the front step.
-
-“‘She’s in there,’ was all the answer we received, as he pointed toward
-a door on the right of the little hall.
-
-“‘Come in,’ said a faint and very gentle voice; and, at first, I could
-hardly see who had spoken, the room was so shaded by the leafy curtain
-which had interlaced its fragile stems over the front window. There was
-a neat rag carpet on the floor; a few plain chairs, a table, and a
-bureau, ranged round the room; but drawn near the window, so that the
-light fell directly upon it, was a bed, covered by a well-worn
-counterpane, though, like everything else, it was very neat and
-clean—and here, supported in a sitting posture by pillows, was my
-aunt’s seamstress. I do not think she had been naturally beautiful—but
-her features, wasted by long illness, were very delicate, and her eyes
-were large, and with the brilliancy you sometimes see in consumptives,
-yet a look of inexpressible sadness. She was very pale in that soft
-emerald light made by the foliage, and this was relieved by a faint
-hectic that, if possible, increased the pallor. She smiled as she saw my
-aunt, and welcomed us both very gratefully. As she held out her long
-thin hand, you could see every blue vein distinctly. I noticed that she
-wore a thimble, and around her, on the bed, were scattered bits of linen
-and sewing implements. You cannot tell how strange it seemed to see her
-take up a wristband and bend over it, setting stitch after stitch with
-the regularity of an automaton, while she talked with us. She seemed
-already dying, and this industry was almost painful to witness.
-
-“I gathered from her conversation with my aunt,—while I looked on and
-wondered,—that Mrs. Hall had long been a confirmed invalid. They even
-spoke of a ruptured blood-vessel, from the effects of which she was now
-suffering. She did not complain—there was not a single murmur at her
-illness, or the hard fate that compelled her to work for her daily
-bread. I never saw such perfect cheerfulness, and yet I knew, from the
-contracted features and teasing cough, that she was suffering intensely.
-The little savage we had seen on our arrival, proved to be the son of
-her landlady, who was also her nurse and waiting-maid.
-
-“I was very much interested, and, by the time we bade her good-bye, I
-had sketched out quite a romance, in which I was sure she had been the
-principal actor.
-
-“‘Poor lady,’ said I, the instant we were out of the gate. ‘Why do you
-let her work, aunt? Why don’t you take her home, you have so many vacant
-rooms—or, at least, I should think, there were rich people enough in
-Milton to support her entirely. She does not look fit to hold a needle.
-Has she no children? and when did her husband die?—was she very
-wealthy?’
-
-“I poured out my questions so fast that aunt had no time to answer any
-one of them, and I had been so much engaged, that I had not noticed a
-man reeling along the side-walk toward us, until just in time to escape
-the rude contact of his touch, from which I shrunk, almost shrieking.
-
-“‘Who told you that Mrs. Hall was a widow, Isabel?’ said aunt, to divert
-me from my mishap.
-
-“‘Nobody; but I knew it at once, as soon as I looked at her; how lonely
-she must be—and how terrible to see one’s best friend die, and know you
-cannot call them back again.’
-
-“‘Not half so dreadful, dear,’ answered she, very seriously, ‘as to live
-on from day to day and see the gradual death of the soul, while the body
-is unwasted. It would be a happy day for Mrs. Hall that made her a
-widow, though she, poor thing, might not think so. That wretched
-inebriate’—and she pointed to the man we had just met—‘is her husband;
-and this is why she plies her needle when we would willingly save her
-from all labor. She cannot bear that _he_ should be indebted to the
-charity of strangers.’
-
-“It was even so, for the poor fellow had reached the garden-gate, and
-was staggering in.
-
-“‘So he goes home to her day after day,’ continued aunt; ‘and so it has
-been since a few years after their marriage. When I first came here, he
-had a neat shop in the village, and was considered one of the most
-promising young men in the neighborhood. Such an excellent workman—such
-a clever fellow—so fond and proud of his wife; and everybody said that
-Charlotte Adams had married ‘out of all trouble,’ in the country phrase.
-Poor girl! she had only entered a sea of misfortunes—for, from the
-death of her only child, a fine little fellow, they have been going
-down. It is a common story. First, the shop was given up, and he worked
-by the day; not long after, they moved to a smaller house, and sold most
-of their furniture. It was then she first commenced sewing, and, with
-all her industry she could scarcely get along. She could never deny him
-money when she had it—and this, with his own earnings, were spent at
-the tavern. She remonstrated in vain. He would promise to do better—in
-his sober moments he was all contrition, and called himself a wretch to
-grieve such a good wife. I do not believe she has ever reproached him,
-save by a glance of sorrowful entreaty, such as I have often seen her
-give when he entered as now he is going to her.
-
-“‘She was never very well, and under repeated trials, and sorrow and
-mortification, her health gave way. Many a time have I parted with her,
-never expecting to see her alive again; but there is some concealed
-principle of vitality which supports her. Perhaps it is the hope that
-she will yet see her husband what he has been. I fear she hopes in vain,
-for if there was ever a man given over to the demon of intemperance it
-is James Hall. But it is for this reason that she refuses the assistance
-of her acquaintances, and works on from day to day, sometimes as now
-unable to leave her bed. Of course she is well paid, and has plenty of
-work, for everybody pities her, and all admire the wonderful patience,
-cheerfulness and industry which she exhibits. She never speaks to any
-one, even to me, of her husband’s faults. If she ever mentions him it is
-to say, ‘James has been such a good nurse this week—he has the kindest
-heart in the world.’ ‘She is a heroine,’ exclaimed my aunt warmly. ‘The
-best wife I ever knew—and if there is mercy in heaven, she will be
-repaid for all she has suffered in this world.’
-
-“‘Poor lady,’ I thought and said a hundred times that week. I suppose I
-must have tired everybody with talking about Mrs. Hall.”
-
-“And did you ever see her again—_did_ she die, Miss Gray?” asked Emily
-Bradford, as Isabel paused in her narration.
-
-“I told you she made those pretty habit shirts for me. They were not in
-fashion in those days if you will recollect. The first summer after my
-debut in society I passed at Milton. I never shall forget the second
-evening of my visit. If you recollect, there was a great temperance
-movement through all our towns and villages just about that time.
-Reformed inebriates had become the apostles of temperance, and went from
-village to village, rousing the inhabitants by their unlearned but
-wonderful eloquence. Mass meetings were held in the town-ball at Milton
-nightly, and by uncle’s invitation, for he went heart and hand with the
-newly awakened spirit of reform, aunt and myself accompanied him to one
-of these strange gatherings. It was with the greatest difficulty we
-could get a seat. Rough laborers, with their wives and children, crowded
-side by side with the _élite_ of the little place; boys of every age and
-size filled up the interstices, with a strange variety of faces and
-expressions. The speaker of the evening was introduced just as we
-entered. He was tall, with a wan, haggard-looking face, and the most
-brilliant, flashing eyes I ever saw. A few months ago he had been on
-outcast from society, and now, with a frame weakened by past excesses,
-but with a spirit as strong as that which animated the old reformers, he
-stood forth, going as it were ‘from house to house, saying peace be unto
-you.’ Peace which had fled from his own hearth when he gave way to
-temptation, but which now returning urged him to bear glad tidings to
-other homes.
-
-“I never listened to such strange and thrilling eloquence. I have seen
-Fanny Kemble as Portia plead with Shylock with all the energy of
-justice, and the force of her passionate nature, but though that was
-beyond my powers of conception, I was not moved as now. With what
-touching pathos he recounted the sorrows, the wasting, mournful want
-endured by the drunkard’s wife! The sickness of hope deferred and
-crushed—the destruction of all happiness here, or hope of it hereafter!
-It was what his own eyes had seen, his own acts had caused—and it was
-the eloquence of simple truth. More than one thought of poor Mrs. Hall,
-I am sure. As for myself, I know not when I have been so excited, and
-after the exhausted speaker had concluded his thrilling appeal, and the
-whole rude assembly joined in a song arranged to the plaintive air of
-Auld Lang Syne—more like a triumphal chant it seemed, as it surged
-through the room—I forgot all rules of form, and though I had sung
-nothing but tame Italian _cavatinas_ for years, my voice rose with the
-rest, forgetful of all but the scene around me.
-
-“Scarce had the last strains died away, when through the crowded aisles,
-passing the very seat we occupied, some one pressed forward with
-trembling eagerness. At first I did not recognize him—but uncle started
-and made way for him to the table in front of the speaker’s seat. A
-confused murmur of voices ran through the room, as one and another saw
-him grasp the printed pledge which was lying there, with the eagerness
-of a dying man. The first name subscribed to the solemn promise of total
-abstinence that night was James Hall. When it was announced by my uncle
-himself, whose voice was fairly tremulous with pleasure, the effect was
-electrical. The whole assembly rose, and the room rang with three cheers
-from stentorian voices. All order was at an end. Men of all classes and
-conditions pressed forward to take him by the hand, and more names were
-affixed to the pledge that night than any one could have counted on.
-
-“It was a proud tribute paid to woman’s influence, when James Hall
-grasping the hand of the speaker ejaculated—‘Oh! it was the picture you
-drew of what my poor wife has suffered. Heaven bless her! she has been
-an angel to me—poor wretch that I am.’
-
-“My aunt’s first impulse was to fly to Mrs. Hall with the good news, but
-‘let him be the bearer of the glad tidings himself,’ she said afterward.
-‘We will offer our congratulations to-morrow.’ And never were
-congratulations more sincerely received than by that pale invalid,
-trembling even yet with the fear that her great happiness was not real.”
-
-“Oh! very well,” broke in Mrs. Bradford. “Quite a scene, my dear; you
-should have been a novelist. But did he keep it?—_that’s_ the thing.”
-
-“You would not ask, my dear madam,” answered Isabel, “if you could have
-witnessed another ‘scene,’ as you term it, in which Mrs. Hall was an
-actor.
-
-“There is a pretty little cottage standing at the very foot of the lane
-which leads to my uncle’s house. This has been built since that
-memorable evening by Mr. Hall, now considered the best workman, and one
-of the most respected men in Milton; and it was furnished by his wife’s
-industry. Her health was restored as if by a miracle; it was indeed
-such, but wrought by the returned industry, self-respect, and devotion
-of her husband. My aunt and myself were her guests only a few months
-ago, the evening of her removal to her new home.
-
-“We entered before her little preparations were quite finished, and
-found Mrs. Hall arranging some light window curtains for the prettily
-furnished parlor, while a fine curly-haired, blue-eyed little fellow was
-rolling on the carpet at her feet. She was still pale, and will never be
-strong again, but a happier wife and mother this world cannot contain.
-Her reward has been equal to her great self-sacrifice, and not only
-this, but the example of her husband has reformed many of his old
-associates, who at first jeered at him when he refused to join them.
-There is not a bar now in all Milton, for one cannot be supported.”
-
-More than one thoughtless girl in the little group clustered around
-Isabel began, for the first time, to feel their responsibility as women,
-when her little narrative was concluded. But the current of thought and
-education is not so easily turned, and by the time the gentlemen entered
-the room, most of them had forgotten every thing but a desire to
-outshine each other in their good graces.
-
-Emily Bradford alone remained in the shadow of a curtain, quiet and
-apart; and as she stood there musing, her heart beat faster, it may be,
-with an unacknowledged pang of jealousy as she saw Robert Lewis speaking
-earnestly with Isabel.
-
-“Heaven bless you, Miss Gray, I confess I wavered—you have made me
-ashamed of my weakness; I will not mind their taunting now,” was all
-that the grateful, warm-hearted man could say; and he knew by the
-friendly clasp of Isabel’s hand that nothing more was needed. Who among
-that group of noble and beautiful women had more reason for happiness
-than Isabel Gray? Ah, my sisters, if you could but realise that all
-beauty and grace are but talents entrusted to your keeping, and that the
-happiness of many may rest upon the most trivial act, you would not use
-that loveliness for an ignoble triumph, or so thoughtlessly tread the
-path of daily life!
-
- * * * * *
-
-“Oh, Isabel,” said Lucy Rushton, bursting into her cousin’s room, some
-two years from the scenes we have recorded, “what am I to do? Pray
-advise me, for you always know every thing.”
-
-“Not quite as wise as that, dear, but what am I to do for you?”
-
-“Oh, Emily Bradford has been proposed for by young Lewis, and aunt, who
-sees only his wealth and connections, is crazy for the match. Emily
-really loves him devotedly; and what am I to do, knowing how near he
-once came to downright intemperance? Is it my duty, or is it not, to
-tell aunt? It has no effect on Emily, and, besides, he confessed it all
-to her when he proposed.”
-
-“And what does she say?”
-
-“Why, it’s your fault, after all, for she quotes a story you told that
-same night I heard about his folly. You told me that, too. Well, he
-declares he has not drank a glass of wine since then, and never will
-again. Particularly if he has Emily for his guiding angel, I suppose,
-and all that sort of thing. And she believes him, of course.”
-
-“Well, ‘of course’—don’t say it so despairingly; why not? I do, most
-assuredly. I might perhaps have distrusted the reformation if it had
-been solely on Emily’s account, a pledge made to gain her, but if I am
-not very much mistaken, I think I can trace their attachment to that
-same eventful night, but I am very certain he did not declare himself
-until quite recently.”
-
-“So I am to let Emily run the risk?”
-
-“Yes, if she chooses it; though I do not think there is much. I should
-have no hesitation to marry Lewis if I loved him. Emily is a thoughtful,
-sensible girl. She does not act without judgment, and she is just the
-woman to be the wife of an impulsive, generous man like Lewis.
-Sufficient time has elapsed to try his principles, and her companionship
-will strengthen them.”
-
-And so it proved, for there are now few happier homes than the cheerful,
-hospitable household over which Emily Lewis presides. Isabel Gray is
-always a favorite guest, and Robert predicts that she will never marry.
-It may prove so, for she is not of those who would sacrifice herself for
-fortune, or give her hand to any man she did not thoroughly respect and
-sympathise with, to escape that really very tolerable fate—becoming an
-old maid.
-
------
-
-[1] The circumstances here related are substantially true.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- ON A PORTRAIT OF CROMWELL.
-
-
- BY JAMES T. FIELDS.
-
-
- “Paint me as I am,” said Cromwell,
- Rough with age, and gashed with wars—
- “Show my visage as you find it—
- Less than truth my soul abhors!”
-
- This was he whose mustering phalanx
- Swept the foe at Marston Moor;
- This was he whose arm uplifted
- From the dust the fainting poor.
-
- God had made his face uncomely—
- “Paint me as I am,” he said,
- So he _lives_ upon the canvas
- Whom they chronicled as _dead_!
-
- Simple justice he requested
- At the artist’s glowing hands,
- “Simple justice!” from his ashes
- Cries a voice that still commands.
-
- And, behold! the page of History,
- Centuries dark with Cromwell’s name,
- Shines to-day with thrilling lustre
- From the light of Cromwell’s fame!
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- A SEA-SIDE REVERIE.
-
-
- BY ENNA DUVAL.
-
-
- These white-capped waves roll on with pride, as if
- The myth that ancient poësy did tell
- Were true, and they did bear upon their breasts
- King Néreus with state most royal. How
- They leap and toss aloft their snowy crests;
- And now a tumbling billow springing up
- In air, does dash and bound—another comes—
- Then playfully they meet, with bursting swell
- Dashing their spray-wreaths on the shelving shore,
- And quick the ripples hasten back, as if
- To join the Ocëanides wild glee.
- But when the beaming sunlight fades away
- And storm-clouds gather—then the rolling waves,
- Without a light, sweep on, and soon is heard
- The under-current’s deep and solemn tones,
- As on the shore it breaks.
- How like to life
- These ocean waves! When beaming with the rays
- Of sunny Joy, Youths cresting billows bound,
- Its frolick waves leap up with gleeful laugh,
- Glitt’ring with pleasure’s light; but lo! a cloud
- Obscures Life’s sky, and sorrow’s storm awakes,
- The heavy swell of grief comes rolling on,
- And all the sparkles of Life’s waves are gone!
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- THE BRIDE OF THE BATTLE.
-
-
- A SOUTHERN NOVELET.
-
-
- BY W. GILMORE SIMMS.
-
-
- (_Concluded from page 91._)
-
-
- CHAPTER VIII.
-
-It was with feelings of a tumultuous satisfaction that Mat Dunbar found
-himself in possession of this new prize. He at once conceived a new
-sense of his power, and prepared to avail himself of all his advantages.
-But we must suffer our friend Brough to become the narrator of this
-portion of our history. Anxious about events, Coulter persuaded the old
-African, nothing loth, to set forth on a scouting expedition to the
-farmstead. Following his former footsteps, which had been hitherto
-planted in security, the negro made his way, an hour before daylight,
-toward the cabin in which Mimy, and her companion Lizzy, a young girl of
-sixteen, were housed. They, too, had been compelled to change their
-abodes under the tory usurpation; and now occupied an ancient tenement
-of logs, which in its time had gone through a curious history. It had
-first been a hog-pen, next a hunter’s lodge; had stabled horses, and had
-been made a temporary fortress during Indian warfare. It was ample in
-its dimensions—made of heavy cypresses; but the clay which had filled
-its interstices had fallen out; of the chimney nothing remained but the
-fire-place; and one end of the cabin, from the decay of two or more of
-its logs, had taken such on inclination downward, as to leave the
-security which it offered of exceedingly dubious value. The negro does
-not much regard these things, however, and old Mimy enjoyed her sleeps
-here quite as well as at her more comfortable kitchen. The place,
-indeed, possessed some advantages under the peculiar circumstances. It
-stood on the edge of a limestone sink-hole—one of those wonderful
-natural cavities with which the country abounds. This was girdled by
-cypresses and pines, and, fortunately for Brough, at this moment, when a
-drought prevailed, entirely free from water. A negro loves any thing,
-perhaps, better than water—he would sooner bathe in the sun than in the
-stream, and would rather wade through a forest full of snakes than
-suffuse his epidermis unnecessarily with an element which no one will
-insist was made for his uses. It was important that the sink-hole near
-Mimy’s abode should be dry at this juncture, for it was here that Brough
-found his hiding place. He could approach this place under cover of the
-woods. There was an awkward interval of twelve or fifteen feet, it is
-true, between this place and the hovel, which the inmates had stripped
-of all its growth in the search for fuel, but a dusky form, on a dusky
-night, careful to crawl over the space, might easily escape the casual
-glance of a drowsy sentinel; and Brough was partisan enough to know that
-the best caution implies occasional exposure. He was not unwilling to
-incur the risk. We must not detail his progress. Enough that, by dint of
-crouching, crawling, creeping, rolling and sliding, he had contrived to
-bury himself, at length, under the wigwam, occupying the space, in part,
-of a decayed log connected with the clayed chimney; and fitting himself
-to the space in the log, from which he had scratched out the rotten
-fragments, as snugly as if he were a part of it. Thus, with his head
-toward the fire, looking within—his body hidden from those within by
-the undecayed portions of the timber, with Mimy on his side of the
-fire-place, squat upon the hearth, and busy with the _hominy_ pot,
-Brough might carry on the most interesting conversation in the world, in
-whispers, and occasionally be fed from the spoon of his spouse, or drink
-from the calabash, without any innocent person suspecting his
-propinquity. We will suppose him thus quietly ensconced, his old woman
-beside him, and deeply buried in the domestic histories which he came to
-hear. We must suppose all the preliminaries to be dispatched already,
-which, in the case of an African _dramatis personæ_, are usually
-wonderfully minute and copious.
-
-“And dis nigger, Tory, he’s maussa yer for true?”
-
-“I tell you, Brough, he’s desp’r’t bad! He tak’ ebbry ting for he’sef!
-He sway (swears) ebbry ting for him—we nigger, de plantation, boss,
-hog, hominy; and ef young misses no marry um—you yeddy? (hear)—he will
-hang de maussa up to de sapling, same as you hang scarecrow in de
-cornfiel’!”
-
-Brough groaned in the bitterness of his spirit.
-
-“Wha’ for do, Brough?”
-
-“Who gwine say? I ’spec he mus fight for um yet. Mass Dick no chicken!
-He gwine fight like de debbil, soon he get strong, ’fore dis ting gwine
-happen. He hab sodger, and more for come. Parson ’Lijah gwine fight
-too—and dis nigger’s gwine fight, sooner dan dis tory ride, whip and
-spur, ober we plantation.”
-
-“Why, wha’ you tink dese tory say to me, Brough?”
-
-“Wha’ he say, woman?”
-
-“He say he gwine gib me hundred lash ef I no get he breckkus (breakfast)
-by day peep in de morning!”
-
-“De tory wha’ put hick’ry ’pon your back, chicken, he hab answer to
-Brough.”
-
-“You will fight for me, Brough?”
-
-“Wid gun and bagnet, my chicken.”
-
-“Ah, I blieb you, Brough; you was always lub me wid you’ sperrit!”
-
-“Enty you blieb? You will see some day! You got ’noder piece of bacon in
-de pot, Mimy? Dis hom’ny ’mos’ too dry in de t’roat.”
-
-“Leetle piece.”
-
-“Gi’ me.”
-
-His creature wants were accordingly supplied. We must not forget that
-the dialogue was carried on in the intervals in which he paused from
-eating the supper which, in anticipation of his coming, the old woman
-had provided. Then followed the recapitulation of the narrative, details
-being furnished which showed that Dunbar, desperate from opposition to
-his will, had thrown off all the restraints of social fear and decency,
-and was urging his measures against old Sabb and his daughter with
-tyrannical severity. He had given the old man a sufficient taste of his
-power, enough to make him dread the exercise of what remained. This
-rendered him now, what he had never been before, the advocate himself
-with his daughter in behalf of the loyalist. Sabb’s virtue was not of a
-self-sacrificing nature. He was not a bad man—was rather what the world
-esteems a good one. He was just, as well as he knew to be, in his
-dealings with a neighbor; was not wanting in that charity, which, having
-first ascertained its own excess of goods, gives a certain proportion to
-the needy; he had offerings for the church, and solicited its prayers.
-But he had not the courage and strength of character to be virtuous in
-spite of circumstances. In plain language, he valued the securities and
-enjoyments of his homestead, even at the peril of his daughter’s
-happiness. He urged with tears and reproaches, that soon became
-vehement, the suit of Dunbar as if it had been his own; and even his
-good _vrow_, Minnecker Sabb, overwhelmed by his afflictions and her own,
-joined somewhat in his entreaty. We may imagine poor Frederica’s
-afflictions. She had not dared to reveal to either the secret of her
-marriage with Coulter. She now dreaded its discovery, in regard to the
-probable effect which it might have upon Dunbar. What limit would there
-be to his fury and brutality, should the fact become known to him? How
-measure his rage—how meet its excesses? She trembled as she reflected
-upon the possibility of his making the discovery; and while inly
-swearing eternal fidelity to her husband, she resolved still to keep her
-secret close from all, looking to the chapter of providential events for
-that hope which she had not the power to draw from any thing within
-human probability. Her eyes naturally turned to her husband, first of
-all mortal agents. But she had no voice which could reach to him—and
-what was his condition? She conjectured the visits of old Brough to his
-spouse, but with these she was prevented from all secret conference. Her
-hope was, that Mimy, seeing and hearing for herself, would duly report
-to the African; and he, she well knew, would keep nothing from her
-husband. We have witnessed the conference between this venerable couple.
-The result corresponded with the anticipations of Frederica. Brough
-hurried back with his gloomy tidings to the place of hiding in the
-swamp; and Coulter, still suffering somewhat from his wound, and
-conscious of the inadequate force at his control, for the rescue of his
-wife and people, was almost maddened by the intelligence. He looked
-around upon his party, now increased to seven men, not including the
-parson. But Elijah Fields was a host in himself. The men were also true
-and capable—good riflemen, good scouts, and as fearless as they were
-faithful. The troop under Dunbar consisted of eighteen men, all well
-armed and mounted. The odds were great, but the despair of Richard
-Coulter was prepared to overlook all inequalities. Nor was Fields
-disposed to discourage him.
-
-“There is no hope but in ourselves, Elijah,” was the remark of Coulter.
-
-“Truly, and in God!” was the reply.
-
-“We must make the effort.”
-
-“Verily, we must.”
-
-“We have seven men, not counting yourself, Elijah.”
-
-“I too am a man, Richard;” said the other, calmly.
-
-“A good man and a brave; do I not know it, Elijah? But we should not
-expose you on ordinary occasions.”
-
-“This is no ordinary occasion, Richard.”
-
-“True, true! And you propose to go with us, Elijah?”
-
-“No, Richard! I will go before you. I _must_ go to prevent outrage. I
-must show to Dunbar that Frederica is your wife. It is my duty to
-testify in this proceeding. I am the first witness.”
-
-“But your peril, Elijah! He will become furious as a wild beast when he
-hears. He will proceed to the most desperate excesses.”
-
-“It will be for you to interpose at the proper moment. You must be at
-hand. As for me, I doubt if there will be much if any peril. I will go
-unarmed. Dunbar, while he knows that I am with you, does not know that I
-have ever lifted weapon in the cause. He will probably respect my
-profession. At all events, I _must_ interpose and save him from a great
-sin, and a cruel and useless violence. When he knows that Frederica is
-irrevocably married, he will probably give up the pursuit. If Brough’s
-intelligence be true, he must know it now or never.”
-
-“Be it so;” said Coulter. “And now that you have made your
-determination, I will make mine. The odds are desperate, so desperate,
-indeed, that I build my hope somewhat on that very fact. Dunbar knows my
-feebleness, and does not fear me. I must effect a surprise. If we can do
-this, with the first advantage, we will make a rush, and club rifles. Do
-you go up in the dug-out, and alone, while we make a circuit by land. We
-can be all ready in five minutes, and perhaps we should set out at
-once.”
-
-“Right!” answered the preacher; “but are you equal to the struggle,
-Richard?”
-
-The young man upheaved his powerful bulk, and leaping up to the bough
-which spread over him, grasped the extended limb with a single hand, and
-drew himself across it.
-
-“Good!” was the reply. “But you are still stiff. I have seen you do it
-much more easily. Still you will do, if you will only economise your
-breath. There is one preparation first to be made, Richard. Call up the
-men.”
-
-They were summoned with a single, shrill whistle, and Coulter soon put
-them in possession of the adventure that lay before them. It needed
-neither argument nor entreaty to persuade them into a declaration of
-readiness for the encounter. Their enthusiasm was grateful to their
-leader whom they personally loved.
-
-“And now, my brethren,” said Elijah Fields, “I am about to leave you,
-and we are all about to engage in a work of peril. We know not what will
-happen. We know not that we shall meet again. It is proper only that we
-should confess our sins to God, and invoke his mercy and protection. My
-brothers—let us pray!”
-
-With these words, the party sunk upon their knees, Brough placing
-himself behind Coulter. Fervent and simple was the prayer of the
-preacher—inartificial but highly touching. Our space does not suffer us
-to record it, or to describe the scene, so simple, yet so imposing. The
-eyes of the rough men were moistened, their hearts softened, yet
-strengthened. They rose firm and resolute to meet the worst issues of
-life and death, and, embracing each of them in turn, Brough not
-excepted, Elijah Fields led the way to the enemy, by embarking alone in
-the canoe. Coulter, with his party, soon followed, taking the route
-through the forest.
-
-
- CHAPTER IX.
-
-In the meantime, our captain of loyalists had gone forward in his
-projects with a very free and fearless footstep. The course which he
-pursued, in the present instance, is one of a thousand instances which
-go to illustrate the perfect recklessness with which the British
-conquerors, and their baser allies, regarded the claims of humanity,
-where the interests, the rights, or the affections of the whig
-inhabitants of South Carolina were concerned. Though resolutely rejected
-by Frederica, Dunbar yet seemed determined to attach no importance to
-her refusal, but, dispatching a messenger to the village of Orangeburg,
-he brought from thence one Nicholas Veitch, a Scotch Presbyterian
-parson, for the avowed object of officiating at his wedding rites. The
-parson, who was a good man enough perhaps, was yet a weak and timid one,
-wanting that courage which boldly flings itself between the victim and
-his tyrant. He was brought into the Dutchman’s cottage, which Dunbar now
-occupied. Thither also was Frederica brought, much against her will;
-indeed, only under the coercive restraint of a couple of dragoons. Her
-parents were neither of them present, and the following dialogue ensued
-between Dunbar and herself; Veitch being the only witness.
-
-“Here, Frederica,” said Dunbar, “you see the parson. He comes to marry
-us. The consent of your parents has been already given, and it is
-useless for you any longer to oppose your childish scruples to what is
-now unavoidable. This day, I am resolved, that we are to be made man and
-wife. Having the consent of your father and mother, there is no reason
-for not having yours.”
-
-“Where are they?” was the question of Frederica. Her face was very pale,
-but her lips were firm, and her eyes gazed without faltering into those
-of her oppressor.
-
-“They will be present when the time comes. They will be present at the
-ceremony.”
-
-“Then they will never be present!” she answered, firmly.
-
-“Beware, girl, how you provoke me! You little know the power I have to
-punish—”
-
-“You have no power upon my voice or my heart.”
-
-“Ha!”
-
-The preacher interposed, “My daughter be persuaded. The consent of your
-parents should be enough to incline you to Captain Dunbar. They are
-surely the best judges of what is good for their children.”
-
-“I cannot and I will not marry with Captain Dunbar.”
-
-“Beware, Frederica,” said Dunbar, in a voice studiously subdued, but
-with great difficulty—the passion speaking out in his fiery looks, and
-his frame that trembled with its emotions.
-
-“‘Beware, Frederica!’ Of what should I beware? Your power? Your power
-may kill me. It can scarcely go farther. Know, then, that I am prepared
-to die sooner than marry you!”
-
-Though dreadfully enraged, the manner of Dunbar was still carefully
-subdued. His words were enunciated in tones of a laborious calm, as he
-replied,
-
-“You are mistaken in your notions of the extent of my power. It can
-reach where you little imagine. But I do not desire to use it. I prefer
-that you should give me your hand without restraint or coercion.”
-
-“That I have told you is impossible.”
-
-“Nay, it is not impossible.”
-
-“Solemnly, on my knees, I assure you that never can I, or will I, while
-I preserve my consciousness, consent to be your wife.”
-
-The action was suited to the words. She sunk on her knees as she spoke,
-and her hands were clasped and her eyes uplifted, as if taking a solemn
-oath to heaven. Dunbar rushed furiously toward her.
-
-“Girl!” he exclaimed, “will you drive me to madness. Will you compel me
-to do what I would not!”
-
-The preacher interposed. The manner of Dunbar was that of a man about to
-strike his enemy. Even Frederica closed her eyes, expecting the blow.
-
-“Let me endeavor to persuade the damsel, my brother,” was the suggestion
-of Veitch. Dunbar turned away, and went toward the window, leaving the
-field to the preacher. To all the entreaties of the latter Frederica
-made the same reply.
-
-“Though death stared me in the face, I should never marry that man!”
-
-“Death shall stare you in the face,” was the fierce cry of Dunbar. “Nay,
-you shall behold him in such terrors as you have never fancied yet, but
-you shall be brought to know and to submit to my power. Ho, there!
-Nesbitt, bring out the prisoner.”
-
-This order naturally startled Frederica. She had continued kneeling. She
-now rose to her feet. In the same moment Dunbar turned to where she
-stood, full of fearful expectation, grasped her by the wrist, and
-dragged her to the window. She raised her head, gave but one glance at
-the scene before her, and fell back swooning. The cruel spectacle which
-she had been made to witness, was that of her father, surrounded by a
-guard, and the halter about his neck, waiting only the terrible word
-from the ruffian in authority.
-
-In that sight, the unhappy girl lost all consciousness. She would have
-fallen upon the ground, but that the hand of Dunbar still grasped her
-wrist. He now supported her in his arms.
-
-“Marry us at once,” he cried to Veitch.
-
-“But she can’t understand—she can’t answer,” replied the priest.
-
-“That’s as it should be,” answered Dunbar, with a laugh; “silence always
-gives consent.”
-
-The reply seemed to be satisfactory, and Veitch actually stood forward
-to officiate in the disgraceful ceremony, when a voice at the entrance
-drew the attention of the parties within. It was that of Elijah Fields.
-How he had made his way to the building without arrest or interruption
-is only to be accounted for by his pacific progress—his being without
-weapons, and his well-known priestly character. It may have been thought
-by the troopers, knowing what was in hand, that he also had been sent
-for; and probably something may be ascribed to the excitement of most of
-the parties about the dwelling. At all events, Fields reached it without
-interruption, and the first intimation that Dunbar had of his presence
-was from his own lips.
-
-“I forbid this proceeding in the name and by the authority of God,” was
-the stern interruption. “The girl is already married!”
-
-
- CHAPTER X.
-
-Let us now retrace our steps and follow those of Richard Coulter and his
-party. We have seen what has been the progress of Elijah Fields. The
-route which he pursued was considerably longer than that of his
-comrades; but the difference of time was fully equalized by the superior
-and embarrassing caution which they were compelled to exercise. The
-result was to bring them to the common centre at nearly the same moment,
-though the policy of Coulter required a different course of conduct from
-that of Fields. Long before he reached the neighborhood of old Sabb’s
-farm, he had compelled his troopers to dismount, and hide their horses
-in the forest. They then made their way forward on foot. Richard Coulter
-was expert in all the arts of the partisan. Though eager to grapple with
-his enemy, and impatient to ascertain and arrest the dangers of his
-lovely wife, he yet made his approaches with a proper caution. The
-denseness of the forest route enabled him easily to do so, and making a
-considerable circuit, he drew nigh to the upper part of the farmstead,
-in which stood the obscure out-house, which, when Dunbar had taken
-possession of the mansion, he assigned to the aged couple. This he found
-deserted. He little dreamed for what reason, or in what particular
-emergency the old Dutchman stood at that very moment. Making another
-circuit, he came upon a copse, in which four of Dunbar’s troopers were
-grouped together in a state of fancied security. Their horses were
-fastened in the woods, and they lay upon the ground, greedily interested
-with a pack of greasy cards, which had gone through the campaign. The
-favorite game of that day was _Old Sledge_, or _All Fours_, or _Seven
-Up_; by all of which names it was indiscriminately known. Poker, and
-Brag, and Loo, and Monte, and _Vingt’un_, were then unknown in that
-region. These are all modern innovations, in the substitution of which
-good morals have made few gains. Dragoons, in all countries, are
-notoriously sad fellows, famous for swearing and gambling. Those of
-Dunbar were no exception to the rule. Our tory captain freely indulged
-them in the practice. He himself played with them when the humor suited.
-The four upon whom Coulter came were not on duty, though they wore their
-swords. Their holsters lay with their saddles across a neighboring log,
-not far off, but not immediately within reach. Coulter saw his
-opportunity; the temptation was great; but these were not exactly his
-prey—not yet, at all events. To place one man, well armed with rifle
-and pair of pistols, in a situation to cover the group at any moment,
-and between them and the farmstead, was his plan; and this done, he
-proceeded on his way. His policy was to make his first blow at the head
-of the enemy—his very citadel—trusting somewhat to the scattered
-condition of the party, and the natural effect of such an alarm to
-scatter them the more. All this was managed with great prudence, and
-with two more of his men set to watch over two other groups of the
-dragoons, he pushed forward with the remaining four until he reached the
-verge of the wood, just where it opened upon the settlement. Here he had
-a full view of the spectacle—his own party unseen—and the prospect was
-such as to compel his instant feeling of the necessity of early action.
-It was at the moment which exhibited old Sabb in the hands of the
-provost, his hands tied behind him, and the rope about his neck. Clymes,
-the lieutenant of Dunbar, with drawn sword, was pacing between the
-victim and the house. The old Dutchman stood between two subordinates,
-waiting for the signal, while his wife, little dreaming of the scene in
-progress, was kept out of sight at the bottom of the garden. Clymes and
-the provost were at once marked out for the doom of the rifle, and the
-_beads_ of two select shots were kept ready, and leveled at their heads.
-But Dunbar must be the first victim—and where was he? Of the scene in
-the house Coulter had not yet any inkling. But suddenly he beheld
-Frederica at the window. He heard her shriek, and beheld her, as he
-thought, drawn away from the spot. His excitement growing almost to
-frenzy at this moment, he was about to give the signal, and follow the
-first discharge of his rifles with a rush, when suddenly he saw his
-associate, Elijah Fields, turn the corner of the house, and enter it
-through the piazza. This enabled him to pause, and prevented a premature
-development of his game. He waited for those events which it is not
-denied that we shall see. Let us then return to the interior.
-
-We must not forget the startling words with which Elijah Fields
-interrupted the forced marriage of Frederica with her brutal persecutor.
-
-“The girl is already married.”
-
-Dunbar, still supporting her now quite lifeless in his arms, looked up
-at the intruder in equal fury and surprise.
-
-“Ha, villain!” was the exclamation of Dunbar, “you are here?”
-
-“No villain, Captain Dunbar, but a servant of the Most High God!”
-
-“Servant of the devil, rather! What brings you here—and what is it you
-say?”
-
-“I say that Frederica Sabb is already married, and her husband living!”
-
-“Liar, that you are, you shall swing for this insolence.”
-
-“I am no liar. I say that the girl is married, and I witnessed the
-ceremony.”
-
-“You did, did you?” was the speech of Dunbar, with a tremendous effort
-of coolness, laying down the still lifeless form of Frederica as he
-spoke; “and perhaps you performed the ceremony also, oh, worthy servant
-of the Most High!”
-
-“It was my lot to do so.”
-
-“Grateful lot! And pray with whom did you unite the damsel?”
-
-“With Richard Coulter, captain in the service of the State of South
-Carolina.”
-
-Though undoubtedly anticipating this very answer, Dunbar echoed the
-annunciation with a fearful shriek, as, drawing his sword at the same
-moment, he rushed upon the speaker. But his rage blinded him; and Elijah
-Fields was one of the coolest of all mortals, particularly when greatly
-excited. He met the assault of Dunbar with a fearful buffet of his fist,
-which at once felled the assailant; but he rose in a moment, and with a
-yell of fury he grappled with the preacher. They fell together, the
-latter uppermost, and rolling his antagonist into the fire-place, where
-he was at once half buried among the embers, and in a cloud of ashes. In
-the struggle, however, Dunbar contrived to extricate a pistol from his
-belt, and to fire it. Fields struggled up from his embrace, but a
-torrent of blood poured from his side as he did so. He rushed toward the
-window, grasped the sill in his hands, then yielded his hold, and sunk
-down upon the floor, losing his consciousness in an uproar of shots and
-shouts from without. In the next moment the swords of Coulter and Dunbar
-were crossed over his prostrate body. The struggle was short and fierce.
-It had nearly terminated fatally to Coulter, on his discovering the
-still insensible form of Frederica in his way. In the endeavor to avoid
-trampling upon her, he afforded an advantage to his enemy, which nothing
-prevented him from employing to the utmost but the ashes with which his
-eyes were still half blinded. As it was, he inflicted a severe cut upon
-the shoulder of the partisan, which rendered his left arm temporarily
-useless. But the latter recovered himself instantly. His blood was in
-fearful violence. He raged like a _Birserker_ of the
-Northmen—absolutely mocked the danger of his antagonist’s
-weapon—thrust him back against the side of the house, and hewing him
-almost down with one terrible blow upon the shoulder, with a mighty
-thrust immediately after, he absolutely speared him against the wall,
-the weapon passing through his body, and into the logs behind. For a
-moment the eyes of the two glared deathfully upon each other. The sword
-of Dunbar was still uplifted, and he seemed about to strike, when
-suddenly the arm sunk powerless—the weapon fell from the nerveless
-grasp—the eyes became fixed and glassy, even while gazing with tiger
-appetite into those of the enemy—and, with a hoarse and stifling cry,
-the captain of loyalists fell forward upon his conqueror, snapping, like
-so much glass, the sword that was still fastened in his body.
-
-
- CHAPTER XI.
-
-We must briefly retrace our steps. We left Richard Coulter, in ambush,
-having so placed his little detachments as to cover most of the groups
-of dragoons—at least such as might be immediately troublesome. It was
-with the greatest difficulty that he could restrain himself during the
-interval which followed the entry of Elijah Fields into the house.
-Nothing but his great confidence in the courage and fidelity of the
-preacher could have reconciled him to forbearance, particularly as, at
-the point which he occupied, he could know nothing of what was going on
-within. Meanwhile, his eyes could not fail to see all the indignities to
-which the poor old Dutchman was subjected. He heard his groans and
-entreaties.
-
-“I am a goot friend to King Tshorge! I was never wid de rebels. Why
-would you do me so? Where is de captaine? I have said dat my darter
-shall be his wife. Go bring him to me, and let him make me loose from de
-rope. I’m a goot friend of King Tshorge!”
-
-“Good friend or not,” said the brutal lieutenant, “you have to hang for
-it, I reckon. We are better friends to King George than you. We fight
-for him, and we want grants of land as well as other people.”
-
-“Oh, mine Gott!”
-
-Just then, faint sounds of the scuffle within the house, reached the
-ears of those without. Clymes betrayed some uneasiness; and when the
-sound of the pistol-shot was heard, he rushed forward to the dwelling.
-But that signal of the strife was the signal for Coulter. He naturally
-feared that his comrade had been shot down, and, in the some instant his
-rifle gave the signal to his followers, wherever they had been placed in
-ambush. Almost simultaneously the sharp cracks of the fatal weapon were
-heard from four or five several quarters, followed by two or three
-scattered pistol-shots. Coulter’s rifle dropt Clymes, just as he was
-about to ascend the steps of the piazza. A second shot from one of his
-companions tumbled the provost, having in charge old Sabb. His remaining
-keeper let fall the rope and fled in terror, while the old Dutchman,
-sinking to his knees, crawled rapidly to the opposite side of the tree
-which had been chosen for his gallows, where he crouched closely,
-covering his ears with his hands, as if, by shutting out the sounds, he
-could shut out all danger from the shot. Here he was soon joined by
-Brough, the African. The faithful slave bounded toward his master the
-moment he was released, and hugging him first with a most rugged
-embrace, he proceeded to undo the degrading halter from about his neck.
-This done, he got the old man on his feet, placed him still further
-amongst the shelter of the trees, and then hurried away to partake in
-the struggle, for which he had provided himself with a grubbing hoe and
-pistol. It is no part of our object to follow and watch his exploits;
-nor do we need to report the several results of each ambush which had
-been set. In that where we left the four gamblers busy at _Old Sledge_,
-the proceeding had been most murderous. One of Coulter’s men had been an
-old scout. Job Fisher was notorious for his stern deliberation and
-method. He had not been content to pick his man, but continued to
-revolve around the gamblers until he could range a couple of them, both
-of whom fell under his first fire. Of the two others, one was shot down
-by the companion of Fisher. The fourth took to his heels, but was
-overtaken, and brained with the butt of the rifle. The scouts then
-hurried to other parts of the farmstead, agreeable to previous
-arrangement, where they gave assistance to their fellows. The history,
-in short, was one of complete surprise and route—the dragoons were not
-allowed to rally; nine of them were slain outright—not including the
-captain; and the rest dispersed, to be picked up at a time of greater
-leisure. At the moment when Coulter’s party were assembling at the
-dwelling, Brough had succeeded in bringing the old couple together. Very
-pitiful and touching was the spectacle of these two embracing with
-groans, tears, and ejaculations—scarcely yet assured of their escape
-from the hands of their hateful tyrant.
-
-But our attention is required within the dwelling. Rapidly extricating
-himself from the body of the loyalist captain, Coulter naturally turned
-to look for Frederica. She was just recovering from her swoon. She had
-fortunately been spared the sight of the conflict, although she
-continued long afterward to assert that she had been conscious of it
-all, though she had not been able to move a limb, or give utterance to a
-single cry. Her eyes opened with a wild stare upon her husband, who
-stooped fondly to her embrace. She knew him instantly—called his name
-but once, but that with joyful accents, and again fainted. Her faculties
-had received a terrible shock. Coulter himself felt like fainting. The
-pain of his wounded arm was great, and he had lost a good deal of blood.
-He felt that he could not long be certain of himself, and putting the
-bugle to his lips, he sounded three times with all his vigor. As he did
-so, he became conscious of a movement in the corner of the room. Turning
-in this direction, he beheld, crouching into the smallest possible
-compass, the preacher, Veitch. The miserable wretch was in a state of
-complete stupor from his fright.
-
-“Bring water!” said Coulter. But the fellow neither stirred nor spoke.
-He clearly did not comprehend. In the next moment, however, the faithful
-Brough made his appearance. His cries were those of joy and exultation,
-dampened, however, as he beheld the condition of his young mistress.
-
-“Fear nothing, Brough, she is not hurt—she has only fainted. But run
-for your old mistress. Run, old boy, and bring water while you’re about
-it. Run!”
-
-“But you’ arm, Mass Dick—he da bleed! You hu’t?”
-
-“Yes, a little—away!”
-
-Brough was gone; and with a strange sickness of fear, Coulter turned to
-the spot where Elijah Fields lay, to all appearance, dead. But he still
-lived. Coulter tore away his clothes, which were saturated and already
-stiff with blood, and discovered the bullet-wound in his left side,
-well-directed, and ranging clear through the body. It needed no second
-glance to see that the shot was mortal; and while Coulter was examining
-it, the good preacher opened his eyes. They were full of intelligence,
-and a pleasant smile was upon his lips.
-
-“You have seen, Richard, the wound is fatal. I had a presentiment, when
-we parted this morning, that such was to be the case. But I complain
-not. Some victim perhaps was necessary, and I am not unwilling. But
-Frederica?”
-
-“She lives! She is here; unhurt but suffering.”
-
-“Ah! that monster!”
-
-By this time the old couple made their appearance, and Frederica was at
-once removed to her own chamber. A few moments tendance sufficed to
-revive her, and then, as if fearing that she had not heard the truth in
-regard to Coulter, she insisted on going where he was. Meantime, Elijah
-Fields had been removed to an adjoining apartment. He did not seem to
-suffer. In the mortal nature of his hurt, his sensibilities seemed to be
-greatly lessened. But his mind was calm and firm. He knew all around
-him. His gaze was fondly shared between the young couple whom he had so
-lately united.
-
-“Love each other,” he said to them; “love each other—and forget not me.
-I am leaving you—leaving you fast. It is presumption, perhaps, to say
-that one does not fear to die—but I am resigned. I have taken
-life—always in self-defense—still I have taken life! I would that I
-had never done so. That makes me doubt. I feel the blood upon my head.
-My hope is in the Lord Jesus. May his blood atone for that which I have
-shed!”
-
-His eyes closed. His lips moved, as it were, in silent prayer. Again he
-looked out upon the two, who hung with streaming eyes above him. “Kiss
-me, Richard—and you, Frederica—dear children—I have loved you always.
-God be with you—and—me!” He was silent.
-
-Our story here is ended. We need not follow Richard Coulter through the
-remaining vicissitudes of the war. Enough that he continued to
-distinguish himself, rising to the rank of major in the service of the
-state. With the return of peace, he removed to the farm-house of his
-wife’s parents. But for him, in all probability, the estate might have
-been forfeited; and the great love which the good old Dutchman professed
-for King George might have led to the transfer of his grant to some one
-less devoted to the house of Hanover. It happened, only a few months
-after the evacuation of Charleston by the British, that Felix Long, one
-of the commissioners, was again on a visit to Orangeburg. It was at the
-village, and a considerable number of persons had collected. Among them
-was old Frederick Sabb and Major Coulter. Long approached the old man,
-and, after the first salutation, said to him—“Well, Frederick, have we
-any late news from goot King Tshorge?” The old Dutchman started as if he
-had trodden upon an adder—gave a hasty glance of indignation to the
-interrogator, and turned away ex-claiming—“D—n King Tshorge! I don’t
-care dough I nebber more hears de name agen!”
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- AUDUBON’S BLINDNESS.
-
-
- BY PARK BENJAMIN.
-
-
- John James Audubon, the great American naturalist, has
- entirely lost his sight. _Newspaper Paragraph._
-
- Blind—blind! yes, blind—those eyes that loved to look
- On the bright pictures in great Nature’s book.
- Quenched is that visual glory which arrayed
- All the winged habitants of grove and glade,
- And hill and prairie, in a garb as fair
- As their own plumage stirred by golden air.
-
- Alas! no more can he behold the beam
- Of morning touch the meadow or the stream;
- No more the noontide’s rays pervade the scene,
- Nor evening’s shadows softly intervene,
- But on his sense funereal Night lets fall
- The moveless folds of her impervious pall.
-
- But he shall wake! and in a grander clime,
- With vales more lovely, mountains more sublime,
- There shall he view, without a film to hide,
- Delicious pastures, streams that softly glide,
- Groves clothed in living greenness, filled with plumes
- Bright as the dawn, and various as the blooms
- With which the early Summer decks his bowers—
- Gems all in motion, life-invested flowers.
-
- Fairer than those, albeit surpassing fair,
- His pencil painted with a skill so rare
- That they, whose feet have never trod the far
- And wondrous places where such creatures are,
- Know all their beauty with familiar love—
- From the stained oriole to the snow-white dove.
-
- Blind—blind! Alas! he is bereft of light
- Who gave such pleasure to the sense of sight.
- His eyes, that, like the sun, had power to vest
- All forms with color, are with darkness prest:
- Sealed with a gloom chaotic like the deep;
- Shut in by shadows like the realm of sleep.
-
- Yet ’tis not meet to mourn a loss so brief—
- A pain, to which time cannot yield relief—
- But which Eternity must banish soon,
- With beams more lustrous than the blaze of noon;
- Yet softer than the evening is or morn,
- When he to light immortal shall be born;
- And with a vision purified behold
- More than the prophets, priests and bards have told.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- SONNETS.
-
-
- BY MARY SPENSER PEASE.
-
-
- LOVE’S SUNSET.
-
- As shadows lengthen with the day’s declining,
- Like troops of dusky spectres onward creeping,
- Weaving swart stripes amid the golden shining
- Where meadow, brook and moss-grown hill lie sleeping;
- With murky fingers Nature’s sweet book closing—
- Each bell and blossom and each three-leaved clover,
- With stealthy march the sun’s glad sway deposing,
- Till, widening, deepening, darkness shrouds earth over:
- So, thy declining love casts o’er my spirit
- Chill shadows, freezing all my soul’s warm giving,
- Chill shadows, deadening all my soul’s best merit,
- And making blackest night my brightest living:
- A long, long, fearful night—that knows no morning,
- Save in wild, glowing dreams, that speak thy love’s returning.
-
-
- LOVE’S SUNRISE.
-
- As shadows vanish with the dawn’s advancing,
- Like things of evil fleeing from Truth’s whiteness,
- The mem’ry of their dark spell but enhancing
- The warmth and light of morning’s dewy brightness;
- Their chill power over—with a glad awaking
- Starts to new life each sleeping leaf and flower,
- Each bird and insect into wild song breaking—
- All Nature’s heart-pulse thrilleth to the hour:
- Thus, my life’s sun—its glory all pervading—
- Fuses my soul with daylight warm and tender;
- Thus, all strange fears, my spirit darkly shading—
- All doubtings flee from its excess of splendor:
- Thus, through my inmost heart—like joy-bells ringing—
- The birds and honey-bees of thy dear love come singing.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- DOCTRINE OF FORM.
-
-
-There is a connection natural and necessary between the forms and
-essences of things; some law which compels figure and faculty into
-correspondence; some tie which binds nature, function, and end to shape,
-volume, and intrinsic arrangement.
-
-That a wheel must be circular, a lever inflexible, and a screw, wedge
-and inclined plane shall have a determinate form, is clearly a condition
-of adaptation to use; and because in machinery the arrangement of inert
-matter is thus essential to the action and aim of all contrivance and
-mutual adjustment of parts, we are apt to think configuration entirely a
-question of mechanical fitness, and indifferent to and independent of
-structures having no such office. But it is not so. Facts beyond number
-show that it has definite and fixed relation to substance universally,
-without limitation to a particular kind or sphere of use, or manner or
-purpose of being.
-
-I. There are examples enough to prove that the fundamental law,
-connecting shape and arrangement with function, is stronger in the vital
-and spiritual than in the mechanical sphere, and even supercedes its
-settled order and method. An instance of this overruling force:—The
-elephant in general organization is a quadruped, eminently; but his
-sagacity rises so high above the ordinary level of brutes as to require
-the service of a proboscis, which is nearly equal in capabilities of use
-to the human hand. Furnished with a sort of finger at the extremity of
-this excellent instrument of prehension, he can draw a cork, lift a
-shilling piece from the ground, or separate one blade of grass from a
-number with dexterity and despatch. In this his eminence of intellect is
-indicated, for external instruments are in accurate relation to internal
-faculties, and considerable handicraft bespeaks a proportionately high
-range of mental power. Now observe how his organization differs from
-that of other quadrupeds, and approaches, against all the analogies of
-classification, toward the arrangements of the human form. He has the
-rudiments of five toes on each foot, shown externally by five toe-nails.
-This is one toe more than belongs to any beast below the monkey tribe.
-He has a kneepan on the hind leg, and the flexure of the limb is
-backward, like the human, and unlike other quadrupeds. The breast of the
-female is removed from its usual position upon the pelvis, to the chest
-or breast bone, as in the more elevated races; and all the organs of
-reproductive life correspond to those of the higher orders. All this is
-unexplained by any mechanical necessity or advantage, and is so far, in
-violation of the analogies of that lower constitution by which he is
-linked to the order of four footed animals. Of his internal organization
-I have no means of information within reach, but I am satisfied _a
-priori_ that the human configuration and position of ports are
-approximated wherever the quadruped form and attitude leaves it
-possible. Comparative anatomists make great account of all instances of
-mechanical accommodations which they meet with, but they are in nothing
-so remarkable or so conspicuous as those which we are now noticing. They
-have the advantage of being understood, and are therefore much insisted
-upon; but the facts which we have given and hinted at are at once so
-striking and so conclusive, as to leave no doubt and no necessity for
-further proof of the preeminence of the law which they indicate.
-
-II. In looking over the world of animal and vegetable forms there is
-nothing more remarkable than the continual sacrifice of strength to
-beauty, and of quantity or bulk to symmetry and shapeliness. Use seems
-postponed to appearance, and order, attitude and elegance take rank of
-quantity in the forms of things. I suppose that the law under
-consideration determines these conditions of structure; and that the
-beauty to which the sacrifice is credited, as an end and object, is only
-an incident; and, that the pleasure derived arises upon the felt
-correspondence of such forms with our faculties, innately adjusted to
-the harmonies of this universal law—in other words—that there is an
-intrinsic force of essence which compels organization, limits its
-dimensions, and determines its figure, and so, all substances take shape
-and volume from a law higher and more general than individual use and
-efficiency. Beauty, being but the name for harmony between faculty and
-object, may well serve as a rule of criticism, but the efficient cause
-which determines form lies deeper; it lies, doubtless, in the necessary
-relation of organization and essence—structure and use—appearance and
-office—making one the correspondent and exponent of the other in the
-innermost philosophy of signs.
-
-The abrogation of a rule, and departure from an established method of
-conformation, belonging to a whole class of natural beings, in order to
-attain the forms and order of arrangement of another class into whose
-higher style of constitution the lower has been somewhat advanced, as in
-the case of the elephant; and, the clear evidence that mechanical
-perfection is everywhere in the human mechanism subordinated to a law of
-configuration, which has respect to another standard and a higher
-necessity—each, in its own way, demonstrates that form is not only a
-necessity of mechanics, but is still more eminently an essential
-condition of all substance. Facts from these sources hold a sort of
-raking position in the array of our argument, but the multitude and
-variety of examples which muster regularly under the rule are, of
-themselves, every way adequate to maintain it.
-
-III. Our proposition (to vary the statement of it) is, that form, or
-figure, and, doubtless, dimension also, have a fixed relation to the
-special qualities and characters of beings and things, and that it is
-not indifferent in the grand economy of creation whether they be put
-into their present shapes or into some other; but, on the contrary, the
-whole matter of configuration and dimension is determined by laws which
-arise out of the nature of things.
-
-In generals the evidence is clear, and it must, therefore, be true in
-the minutest particulars; for the law of aggregates is the law of
-individuals—the mass and the atom have like essential conditions. It
-is, indeed, difficult to trace facts into the inmost nature of things,
-and quite impossible to penetrate by observation as deep as principles
-lead by the process of mental investigation—so much more limited in the
-discovery of truth, even the truth of physics, are the senses than the
-reasoning faculties. We need, however, but open our eyes to see that the
-diversities of form among all created things are, at least, as great as
-their differences of character and use; and whether there be a
-determinate relation of appearance to constitution or not, there is at
-least an unlikeness of configuration or dimension, or of both, wherever
-there is unlikeness of quality; and that this difference of form thus
-commensurate with difference of constitution, is not merely a matter of
-arbitrary distinctiveness among the multifarious objects of creation, as
-names or marks are sometimes attached to things for certainty of
-reference and recognition, appears from such facts and considerations as
-follow—
-
-1. All mineral substances in their fixed, that is, in their crystaline
-form, are angular with flat sides and straight edges. This is not only a
-general rule and an approximate statement, but exactly accurate and
-universal; for in the few instances of crystals occurring with convex or
-curvilinear faces, such as the diamond, it is known that their primary
-forms have plane or flat faces and a parallel cleavage—making the rule
-good against accidental influences and superficial appearances.
-
-Here then we have a mode of configuration appropriate to and distinctive
-of one whole kingdom of nature.
-
-2. In vegetables we have a different figure and characteristic
-conformation. Their trunks, stems, roots and branches are nearly
-cylindrical, and uniformly so, in all individuals clearly and completely
-within the class.
-
-Soon as we enter the precincts of life curvature of lines and convexity
-of surface begin to mark the higher styles of existence, the law being
-that nothing which lives and grows by the reception and assimilation of
-food is angular, rectilinear or included within plane surfaces. Inert
-bodies take straight, but life assumes curve lines.
-
-3. In animal forms the curve or life line is present of necessity, but
-it undergoes such modification and departure from that which marks
-vegetable existence as our law demands. We no longer have almost
-cylindrical simplicity of shape as the sign of character and kind, but,
-retaining curvity, which is common to vitality of all modes, we find the
-cylinder shaped or tapered toward the conical, with continually
-increasing approach to a higher style of configuration as we ascend
-toward a higher character of function.
-
-In the human body all that belongs to the whole inferior creation is
-represented and reproduced, for man is logically a microcosm, and in his
-body we find the various orders of natural beings marked by their
-appropriate modes of construction and configuration—from a hair to a
-heart, the multifarious parts bring with them the forms native to their
-respective varieties of being.
-
-The bones have in them the material of the mineral kingdom, and they
-have conformity of figure. In the short, square bones of the wrist, in
-the teeth, and several other instances, the flatness, straightness and
-angularity proper to crystalized matter, marks its presence as an
-element of the structure.
-
-The correspondence of the vascular system with the forms proper to
-vegetation, is most striking. A good drawing of the blood vessels is a
-complete picture of a tree. Now, animals and vegetables differ widely in
-their manner of taking in food, but they are alike in the method and end
-of the distribution of the nutritious fluids, and between them the
-resemblance of form obtains only in this, as our law requires. There is
-nothing in trees, shrubs or grasses, that has any outline likeness to
-the esophagus, stomach or intestinal tube; nothing in them has any
-resemblance of office, and nothing, therefore, is formed upon their
-pattern. The roots of trees, which are the avenues of their principal
-aliment, are merely absorbing and circulating instruments—a sort of
-counterpart branches in function—and they have, therefore, what
-scientific people call the arborescent arrangement wherever they find
-it.
-
-If it is answered here that a hydraulic necessity determines the general
-form of circulating vessels, and that certain immediate mechanical
-advantages belong to the cylindrical over the square or polygonal shape
-of tube, our point is not affected. We are showing, now, that the
-expected conformity never fails. It is essential to our position that
-mechanical requirements shall not over-rule the general law. The
-instance given is in accordance, and a presumption rises that even
-mechanical conformation itself is covered and accommodated by the great
-principle which we are illustrating. It is enough for us, however, that
-no facts contradict, though it be doubted whether all the instances
-cited afford us the expected support.
-
-But, leaving the functions and organs, which belong to all living and
-growing beings in common, and entering the province of animal life and
-animal law proper, we everywhere observe a significant departure from
-the angular and cylindrical forms of the mineral and vegetable kingdoms,
-and an approach, in proportion to the rank and value of the organ and
-its use, toward an ideal or model, which is neither conical nor
-heart-shaped, exactly, but such a modification of them as carries the
-standard figure farthest from that uniformity of curve which marks a
-globe, from the parallelism of fibre which belongs to the cylinder, and
-from the flatness of base and sharpness of apex which bound the cone.
-
-The limbs that take their shape from the muscles of locomotion, and the
-internal parts concerned in those high vital offices, of which minerals
-and vegetables are wholly destitute, are examples and proof of the
-configuration proper to the animal kingdom. The thigh, leg, arm,
-fore-arm, finger, the neck and shoulders, the chest, and the abdomen
-meeting it and resting on the pelvic bones, are felt to be beautiful or
-true to the standard form as they taper or conform to this intuitive
-life-type.
-
-The glands are all larger at one end than the other, and those that have
-the highest uses are most conspicuously so, and have the best defined
-and most elegant contour. The descending grade of figure and function is
-marked by tendency to roundness and flatness. In the uses, actions and
-positions of these organs, there is nothing mechanical to determine
-their figure. The human stomach is remarkable for an elegance of form
-and conformity to the ideal or pattern configuration, to a degree that
-seems to have no other cause, and, therefore, well supports the doctrine
-that the importance of its office confers such excellence of shape. The
-facts of comparative anatomy cannot be introduced with convenience, but
-they are believed to be in the happiest agreement and strongest
-corroboration.
-
-The heart, lungs and brain, are eminent instances of the principle. They
-hold a very high rank in the organization, and, while their automatic
-relations, uses and actions are _toto cœlo_ dissimilar, their agreement
-with each other in general style of configuration, and their common
-tendency toward the standard intimated, is most remarkable.
-
-Their near equality of rank and use, as measured by the significance of
-form, over-rides all mechanical difference in their mode of working. The
-heart is, in office, a forcing pump or engine of the circulation. The
-lungs have no motion of their own, and the porosity or cellular
-formation of the sponge seems to be the only quality of texture that
-they require for their duty, which is classed as a process of vital
-chemistry. The brain differs, again, into a distinct category of
-function, which accepts no classification, but bears some resemblance to
-electrical action. Yet, differing thus by all the unlikeness that there
-is between mechanical, chemical and electro-vital modes of action, they
-evidently derive their very considerable resemblance of figure from
-their nearly equal elevation and dignity of service in the frame. This
-near neighborhood of use and rank allows, however, room enough for their
-individual differences and its marks. The heart is lowest of the three
-in rank, and nearest the regularly conical form. The lungs, as their
-shape is indicated by the cavity which they occupy, are more delicately
-tapered at their apex, and more oblique and variously incurvated at
-their base. And the brain, whether viewed in four compartments, or two,
-or entire, (it admits naturally of such division,) answers still nearer
-to the highest style and form of the life pattern; and with the due
-degree of resemblance, or allusion to it, in its several parts,
-according to their probable value; for the hemispheres are shaped much
-more conformably to the ideal than the cerebellum or the cerebral
-apparatus at the base of the brain, where the office begins to change
-from that of generating the nervous power to the lower service of merely
-conducting it out to the dependencies.
-
-IV. Hitherto we have looked for proof and illustration only to well
-marked and clearly defined examples of the orders and kinds of things
-examined. But the borders of kingdoms and classes, the individuals which
-make the transitions, and the elements and qualities common to several
-provinces which link kind to kind and rank to rank, confess the same
-law, and even more nicely illustrate where, to superficial view, they
-seem to contradict it.
-
-Every species of beings in the creation is a reproduction, with
-modifications and additions, but a real reproduction, in effect, of all
-that is below it in the scale; so that the simplest and the lowest
-continues and reappears in all, through all variety of advancement, up
-to the most complex and the highest; in some sense, as decimals include
-the constituent units, and hundreds include the tens, and other
-multiples of these embrace them again, until the perfect number is
-reached, if there be any such bound to either numerals or natures.
-
-1. The rectilinear and parallel arrangement of parts proper to
-crystalization, which is the lowest plastic power of nature known to us,
-continues, proximately, in the stems and branches of vegetables. This
-will accord with our theory, if ascribed to the abundant mineral
-elements present in the woody fibre, and to its insensibility and
-enduring nature, as shown by its integral preservation for ages after
-death, to a degree that rivals the rocks themselves. But the stems of
-trees are not exactly cylindrical and their fibres are not quite
-parallel; for there is something of life in them that refuses the
-arrangement of dead matter. From root to top they taper, but so
-gradually that it is only decidedly seen at considerable distances or in
-the whole length.
-
-2. A section of a timber tree shows a regular concentric arrangement of
-rings—the successive deposits of sequent years—and its cleavage proves
-that it has also a radiated disposition of fibres. In the flat bones of
-the head this same arrangement of parts obtains. The cartilaginous base
-of bone has a life of perhaps equal rank with that of the vegetable
-structure; it has its insensibility, elasticity, and durability at
-least, with scarcely any higher qualities; and the osseous deposit is
-thrown into figure and order similar to the ligneous.
-
-3. The fruits, kernels, and seeds of plants, being the highest results
-of the vegetable grade of living action, and so bordering upon the
-sphere of animal existence, and even intruding into it, begin to take
-its proper forms, and they are spheroidal, oblate spheroids, conical
-exactly, ovoid, and even closely touch upon the heart-shaped; yet
-without danger of confusion with the forms distinctive of the higher
-style of life. This comparison, it must be remarked also, is between the
-fruits of one kind and the organic structures of the other, and not of
-organ with organ, which in different kinds shows the greatest diversity,
-but of spheres of existence immediately contiguous, and therefore
-closely resembling each other.
-
-V. Of these forms the globular is probably the very lowest; and,
-accordingly, of it we have no perfect instance in the animal body, and
-no near approach to it, except the eye-ball, where mechanical law
-compels a rotundity, that muscle, fat, and skin seem employed to hide as
-well as move and guard, and, in the round heads of bones, where the ball
-and socket-joint is required for rotatory motion. But in both these
-cases the offices which the roundness serves are mechanical, and so, not
-exceptions to our rule. The perfectly spherical must rank as a low order
-of form, because it results from the simplest kind of force, mere
-physical attraction being adequate to its production, without any
-inherent modifying power or tendency in the subject. It is, accordingly,
-very repugnant to taste in the human structure; as, for instance,
-rotundity of body, or a bullet-head. Nothing of that regularity of curve
-which returns into itself, and might be produced upon a turning lathe,
-and no continuity of straight lines within the capacity of square and
-jack-plane, are tolerable in a human feature. Lips, slit with the
-straightness of a button-hole, or conical precision, or roly-poly
-globularity, would be equally offensive in the configuration of any
-feature of the face or general form. Cheek, chin, nose, brow, or bosom,
-put up into such rotundity and uniformity of line and surface, have that
-mean and insignificant ugliness that nothing can relieve. In raggedest
-irregularity there is place and space for the light and shade of thought
-and feeling, but there is no trace or hint of this nobler life in the
-booby cushiony style of face and figure. Nose and brows, with almost any
-breadth of angle; and chin, with any variety of line and surface, are
-better, just as crystalization, flat and straight and sharp as it is,
-nevertheless, seems to have some share in its own make and meaning,
-which rolls and balls cannot lay any claim to.
-
-VI. But the law under consideration cannot be restrained to shape only.
-Dimension is also a result of intrinsic qualities, and must in some way
-and to some extent, indicate the character to which it corresponds.
-Druggists are so well aware of, and so much concerned with the
-difference in the size of the drops of different fluids, that they have
-constructed a table of equivalents, made necessary by the fact. Thus a
-fluid drachm of distilled water contains forty-five drops, of sulphuric
-ether one hundred and fifty, of sulphuric acid ninety, and of Teneriffe
-wine seventy-eight. So that the law is absolutely universal, however
-varied in expression, and a specific character in fluids and other parts
-of the inanimate world declares itself as decidedly in bulk or volume,
-as difference of constitution is shown by variety of figure in the
-living and sentient creation.
-
-Among the crystals termed _isomorphous_ by chemists, the dominant
-ingredient which is common to them all, controls the form, but
-difference of size answers sufficiently to the partial unlikeness of the
-other less active elements; and so in the instances of cubes and
-octahedrons formed of dissimilar minerals where difference of
-constitution is indicated by varied dimensions only.
-
-VII. Crystal and crystal, and, drop and drop, are alike within the
-limits of the species, or their unlikeness, if there be any, is not
-appreciable to our senses, and scarcely conceivable though not
-absolutely impossible to thought; but we know certainly that clear
-individuality of character is everywhere pursued and marked by
-peculiarity of form and size throughout the entire universe.
-
-While among minerals and fluids dissimilarity occurs obviously only
-between species, among plants it begins to be conspicuous between
-individuals, growing more and more so as observation ascends in the
-vegetable kingdom. Two stalks of grass may resemble each other as much
-as two crystals of the same salt, but timber trees grow more unlike, and
-fruit trees differ enough to make their identification comparatively
-easy. But it is in the animal kingdom, eminently, and with increasing
-distinctness as the rank rises, that individuals become distinguishable
-from each other; for it is here that diversity of character gets
-opportunity, from complexity of nature, freedom of generating laws, and
-varied influence of circumstances, to impress dissimilarity deepest and
-clearest. Crystals undergo no modification of state but instant
-formation and the sudden violence which destroys them. Vegetables pass
-through the changes of germination and growth, and feel the difference
-of soil, and winds, and temperature, and to the limits of these
-influences, confess them in color, size, and shape; but animals, endowed
-with acuteness of sense, enjoying locomotion, and related to all the
-world around them—living in all surrounding nature, and susceptible of
-all its influences—their individual differences know no limits, and
-they are universally unlike in appearance as in circumstances, training
-and character.
-
-Even in the lower orders there is ample proof of this. The mother bird
-and beast know their own young; the shepherd and the shepherd’s dog know
-every one of their own flock from every other on all the hills and
-plains; and among the millions of men that people the earth, a quick eye
-detects a perfectly defined difference as broad as the peculiarity of
-character which underlies it.
-
- _Narrowness of relations and Simplicity of function are as
- narrowly restrained in range of conformation; Complexity makes
- proportionate room for difference; and Variety is the result,
- the sign, and the measure of Liberty._
-
-Detailed illustrations of the law would interest in proportion to the
-range of the investigation; and gratification and delight would keep
-pace with the deepening conviction of its universality; but the limits
-of an essay restrain the discussion to mere hints and suggestions, and
-general statements of principles which reflection must unfold into
-formal demonstration for every one in his own department of observation.
-
-Some inaccuracies of statement have been indulged to avoid the
-complexity which greater precision would have induced. Broad, frank
-thinking will easily bring up this looseness of language to the required
-closeness of thought as the advancing and deepening inquiry demands.
-Moreover, it may be difficult or impossible to meet every fact that
-presents itself with an instant correspondence in the alleged law; but
-such things cannot be avoided until people learn how to learn, and cease
-to meet novel propositions with a piddling criticism, or a wrangling
-spirit of controversy. Looking largely and deeply into facts in a
-hundred departments of observation will show the rule clear in the focal
-light of their concurrent proofs, or, looking out from the central
-position of _a priori_ reasoning, it will be seen in every direction to
-be a _necessary_ truth.
-
-It would be curious, and more than curious, to trace ascent of form up
-through ascertained gradation of quality in minerals, plants, fruits,
-and animal structures; and it would be as curious to apply a criticism
-derived from this doctrine to the purpose of fixing the rank and
-relations of all natural beings—in other words, to construct a science
-of taste and beauty, and, striking still deeper, a science of universal
-physiognomy, useful at once as a law of classification, and as an
-instrument of discovery. The scale would range most probably from the
-globular, as the sign of the lowest character, through the regularly
-graded movement of departure which in nature fills up all the stages of
-ascending function from a drop of fluid to the model configuration of,
-perhaps, that cerebral organ which manifests the highest faculty of the
-soul.
-
-The signs that substance and its states give of intrinsic nature and
-use, or the connection of configuration and function, are not understood
-as we understand the symbols of arithmetic, and the words of artificial
-language; that is, the symbols of our own creation answer to the ideas
-they are intended for, but the signs of the universal physiognomy of
-nature are neither comprehended fully, nor translated even to the extent
-that they are understood, into the formulæ of science and the words of
-oral language. Many of them are telegraphed in dumb show to our
-instincts, to the great enlargement of our converse with nature, both
-sentient and inanimate; but still a vast territory of knowledge lies
-beyond the rendering of our intuitions, and remains yet unexplored by
-our understanding; a dark domain that has not been brought under any
-rule of science, nor yielded its due tribute to the monarch mind. We
-have no dictionary that shows the inherent signification of a cube, a
-hexagon, an octagon, circle, ellipse, or cylinder; no tables of
-multiplication, addition, subtraction, and division, which, dealing in
-forms and their equivalents, might afford the products, quotients, and
-remainders of their various differences and interminglings with each
-other. States, qualities, and attitudes of structure, contribute much of
-that natural language by which we converse with the animal world beneath
-us, and with the angel world within us, but it remains as yet
-instinctual, except so far only as the fine arts have brought it out of
-the intuitive and oracular into rule and calculation, nor have we any
-methodic calculus, universally available, by which these revelations of
-nature may be rendered into demonstrative truth ruled by scientific
-method.
-
-It is conceivable that the form of every natural being is a full report
-of its constitution and use, but as yet, tedious and dubious chemical
-analysis, observation, and experiment are our directory to the hidden
-truth. In some things it is otherwise. We know perfectly a passion or
-emotion, and the meaning of the attitudes, colors, and forms of limb,
-person and feature which denote them; and the interior qualities of
-texture, also, as they are intimated to the sight and touch, lead us
-without reasoning, to definitive judgments of human character. Of
-animals, in their degree, we receive similar impressions and with equal
-conviction, but we know so little more about these things, than that we
-know them, that we can make no advantage of such knowledge beyond its
-most immediate purpose in our commerce with the living beings which
-surround us.
-
-It remains, therefore, for mind to explore the philosophy of form, that
-all which lies implied in it, waiting but still undiscovered, may come
-out into use, and all that we instinctively possess of it may take a
-scientific method, and so render the service of a law thoroughly
-understood.
-
-The principle gives us familiar aid every day, yet without revealing its
-own secret, in physiognomy, painting, statuary, architecture, and
-elocution. It is obeyed in all the impersonations of metaphor, fable and
-myth; it is active every instant in the creations of fancy, and
-supplies, so to speak, the material for all the structures of
-thought—ruling universally in the earth, and fashioning and peopling
-the heavens. To the most delicate movements of the imagination it gives
-a corresponding embodiment of beauty; and it helps, as well, to realize
-the monstrous mixtures of man and beast occurring in human character by
-the answering monstrosity of centaur, syren, sphinx, and satyr. The old
-Greek theology held that the eternal Divinity made all things out of an
-eternal matter, after the forms of eternal, self-subsisting patterns; a
-statement, in its utmost depth beyond the discovery of human faculties,
-certainly, but not too strong to express the universal prevalence of
-this law in the creation. To the human intellect all things _must_ exist
-in space, bounded and determined by figure appropriate to the subject;
-in fact, we can conceive of nothing except under such conditions; and
-our doctrine but refers this necessity of mind to a primordial necessity
-of being, ranking it among the harmonies of existence, as an adaptation
-of sense, thought, and feeling to the correspondent truth in the
-constitution of the universe.
-
- E.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- ON THE DEATH OF GENERAL TAYLOR.
-
-
- BY R. T. CONRAD.
-
-
- _Quid me mortuum miserum vocas, qui te sum multo felicior? aut
- quid acerbi mihi putas contigisse?_
-
- Weep not for him! The Thracians wisely gave
- Tears to the birth-couch, triumph to the grave.
- ’Tis misery to be born—to live—to die:
- Ev’n he who noblest lives, lives but to sigh.
- The right not shields from wrong, nor worth from wo,
- Nor glory from reproach; he found it so.
- Not strong life’s triumphs, not assured its truth;
- Ev’n virtue’s garland hides an aspic tooth.
- His glorious morn was past, and past his noon;—
- Life’s duty done, death never comes too soon.
- Then cast the dull grave’s gloomy trappings by!
- The dead was wise, was just—nor feared to die.
- Weep not for him. Go, mark his high career;
- It knew no shame, no folly and no fear.
- More blest than is man’s lot his blameless life,
- Though tost by tempests and though torn by strife.
- ’Neath the primeval forest’s towery pride,
- Virtue and Danger watched his couch beside;
- This taught him purely, nobly to aspire,
- That gave the nerve of steel and soul of fire.
- No time his midnight lamps—the stars—could dim;
- His matin music was the cataract’s hymn;
- His Academe the forest’s high arcade—
- (To Numa thus Egeria blessed the shade;)
- With kindling soul, the solitude he trod—
- The temple of high thoughts—and spake with God:
- Thus towered the man—amid the wide and wild—
- And Nature claimed him as her noblest child.
- Nurtured to peril, lo! the peril came,
- To lead him on, from field to field, to fame.
- ’Twas met as warriors meet the fray they woo:
- To shield young Freedom’s wild-wood homes he flew;
- And—fire within his fortress, foes without,
- The rattling death-shot and th’ infuriate shout—
- He, where the fierce flames burst their smoky wreath,
- And war’s red game raged madliest, toyed with death;
- Till spent the storm, and Victory’s youngest son
- Glory’s first fruits, his earliest wreath, had won.
- Weep not for him, whose lustrous life has known
- No field of fame he has not made his own:
- In many a fainting clime, in many a war,
- Still bright-browed Victory drew the patriot’s car.
- Whether he met the dusk and prowling foe
- By oceanic Mississippi’s flow;
- Or where the southern swamps, with steamy breath,
- Smite the worn warrior with no warrior’s death;
- Or where, like surges on the rolling main,
- Squadron on squadron sweep the prairie plain;
- Dawn—and the field the haughty foe o’erspread,
- Sunset—and Rio Grande’s waves run red;
- Or where, from rock-ribbed safety, Monterey
- Frowns death, and dares him to the unequal fray;
- Till crashing walls and slippery streets bespeak
- How frail the fortress where the heart is weak;
- How vainly numbers menace, rocks defy,
- Men sternly knit and firm to do or die;
- Or where, on thousands thousands crowding, rush
- (Rome knew not such a day) his ranks to crush,
- The long day paused on Buena Vista’s height,
- Above the cloud with flashing volleys bright;
- Till angry Freedom, hovering o’er the fray,
- Swooped down, and made a new Thermopylæ;—
- In every scene of peril and of pain,
- His were the toils, his country’s was the gain.
- From field to field, and all were nobly won,
- He bore, with eagle flight, her standard on:
- New stars rose there—but never star grew dim
- While in his patriot grasp. Weep not for him.
- The heart is ne’er a castaway; its gift
- Falls back, like dew to earth—the soul’s own thrift
- Of gentlest thoughts by noblest promptings moved:
- He loved his country, and by her was loved.
- To him she gave herself, a sacred trust,
- And bade him leave his sword to rest and rust;
- And, awed but calm, nor timid nor elate,
- He turned to tread the sandy stairs of state.
- Modest, though firm; decided, cautious, clear;
- Without a selfish hope, without a fear;
- Reverent of right, no warrior now, he still
- Cherished the nation’s chart, the people’s will;
- Hated but Faction with her maniac brand,
- And loved, with fiery love, his native land.
- Rose there a foe dared wrong in her despite,
- How eager leaped his soul to do her right!
- Her flag his canopy, her tents his home—
- The world in arms—why, let the armed world come!
- Thus loved he, more than life, and next to Heaven,
- The broad, bright land to which that life was given;
- And, loving thus and loved, the nation’s pride,
- Her hope, her strength, her stay—the patriot died!
- Weep not for him—though hurried from the scene:
- ’Twill be earth’s boast that such a life has been.
- Taintless his truth as Heaven; his soul sincere
- Sparkled to-day, as mountain brooklets clear.
- O’er every thought high honour watchful hung,
- As broods the eagle o’er her eyried young.
- His courage, in its calmness, silent, deep,
- But strong as fate—Niagara in its sleep;
- But when, in rage, it burst upon the foe—
- Niagara leaping to the gulf below.
- His clemency the graceful bow that, thrown
- O’er the wild wave, Heaven lights and makes its own.
- His was a spirit simple, grand and pure,
- Great to conceive, to do and to endure;
- Yet the rough warrior was, in heart, a child,
- Rich in love’s affluence, merciful and mild.
- His sterner traits, majestic and antique,
- Rivaled the stoic Roman or the Greek;
- Excelling both, he adds the Christian name,
- And Christian virtues make it more than fame.
- To country, youth, age, love, life—all were given;
- In death, she lingered between him and Heaven;
- Thus spake the patriot in his latest sigh,
- “_My duty done—I do not fear to die._”
- Weep not for him; but for his country, tost
- On Faction’s surges: “think not of the lost,
- But what ’tis ours to do.”[2] The hand that stayed,
- The pillar that upheld, in dust are laid;
- And Freedom’s tree of life, whose roots entwine
- Thy fathers’ bones—will it e’er cover thine?
- Root, rind and leaf a traitor tribe o’erspread;
- Worms sap its trunk and tempests bow its head.
- But the land lives not, dies not, in one man,
- Were he the purest lived since life began.
- Upon no single anchor rests our fate:
- Millions of breasts engird and guard the state.
- Yet, o’er each true heart, in the nation’s night,
- Will Taylor’s memory rise, a pillared light;
- His lofty soul will prop the patriot’s pride,
- His virtues animate, his wisdom guide.
- Faction, whose felon fury, blind and wild,
- Would rend our land, as Circe tore her child,
- In sordid cunning or insensate wrath,
- Scattering its quivering limbs along her path—
- Ev’n Faction, at his name, will cower away,
- And, shrieking, shrinking, shield her from the day.
- Then up to duty! true, as he was true;
- As pure, as calm, as firm to bear and do;
- Nerve every patriot power, knit every limb,
- And up to duty: but _weep not for him_!
-
------
-
-[2] _Non quos amisimus, sed quantum lugere par sit cogitemus._
- Cicero.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- “PSYCHE LOVES ME.”
-
-
- BY THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH.
-
-
- I have no gold, no lands, no robes of splendor,
- No crowd of sycophants to siege my door;
- But fortune in one thing at least is tender—
- For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?
-
- I have no fame, nor to the height of honor
- Will my poor name on tireless pinions soar;
- Yet Fate has never drawn my hate upon her—
- For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?
-
- I have no station, know no high position,
- And never yet the robes of office wore;
- Yet I can well afford to scorn ambition—
- For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?
-
- I have no beauty—beauty has forsworn me,
- On others wasting all her charming store;
- Yet I lack nothing now which could adorn me—
- For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?
-
- I have no learning—in nor school nor college
- Could I abide o’er quaint old tomes to pore;
- But this I know which passeth all your knowledge—
- That Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?
-
- Now come what may, or loss or shame or sorrow,
- Sickness, ingratitude or treachery sore,
- I laugh to-day and heed not for the morrow—
- For Psyche loves me—and I ask no more.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- TO THE LOST ONE.
-
-
- BY DUNCAN MOORE.
-
-
- _Vale et Benedicite._
-
- In joy we met; in anguish part;
- Farewell, thou frail, misguided one!
- Young Hope sings matins in thy heart,
- While dirges ring in mine alone,
- Solemn as monumental stone.
-
- Thy life is Spring, but Autumn mine;
- Thy hope all flowers; mine bitter fruit,
- For hope but blossoms to repine;
- It seldom hath a second shoot;—
- A shadow that evades pursuit.
-
- Though poets are not prophets here,
- Yet Time must pass and you will see,
- While o’er dead joys you drop the tear,
- This world is one Gethsemane
- Where all weep—die—still dream to be.
-
- Flowers spring, birds sing in the young heart,
- But Time spares not the flowers of Spring;
- The birds that sang there soon depart,
- And leave God’s altar withering—
- Flowerless and no bird to sing.
-
- God pronounced all things good in Eden;
- Young Adam sang—not knowing evil,
- Until the snake plucked fruit forbidden,
- And made himself to Eve quite civil.—
- Did he tempt her, or she the devil?
-
- True, she made Eden Adam’s heaven;—
- Also the green earth Adam’s hell;
- Tore from his grasp all God had given;
- Cast him from bliss in sin to dwell;
- To make her food by his sweat and blood.
-
- Then what should man from woman hope,
- Who hurled from Paradise his sire?
- Her frailty drew his horoscope,
- And barred the gates of heaven with fire;
- Changed God’s intent for her desire.
-
- And what should she from man expect
- Who slew his God her soul to save?
- A dreary life of cold neglect;—
- For Eden lost;—a welcome grave,
- Where kings make ashes with the slave!
-
- A welcome grave! man’s crowning hope!
- All trust from dust we shall revive;
- Despite our gloomy horoscope,
- Incarnadined God will receive
- His children who slew him to live.
-
- A frail partition but divides
- Your husband from insanity;
- He stares as madness onward strides
- To crush each spark of memory—
- I gave you all—this you give me!
- _Vale et Benedicite._
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- COQUET _versus_ COQUETTE.
-
-
- BY MRS. CAROLINE H. BUTLER.
-
-
- _Benedict._ One woman is fair; yet I am well:
- another is wise; yet I am well: another virtuous;
- yet I am well: but till all graces be in one woman,
- one woman shall not come in my grace.
- _Much Ado About Nothing._
-
- _Princess._ We are wise girls to mock our lovers so.
-
- _Rosaline._ They are worse fools to purchase mocking so.
- That same Biron I’ll torture ere I go.
- How will I make him fawn, and beg, and seek;
- And wait the season, and observe the times,
- And spend his prodigal wits in bootless rhymes;
- And shape his service wholly to my behests;
- And make him proud to make me proud that jests!
- So portent-like would I o’ersway his state
- That he should be my fool, and I his fate.
- _Love’s Labor Lost._
-
-
- CHAPTER I.
-
-Nature had been very profuse in bestowing her favors upon Mr. Frank
-Gadsby. In the first place she had given him a very elegant person, tall
-and of manly proportions; secondly, a pair of large, dark-hazel eyes,
-which could beam with tenderness or become fixed in the “fine frenzy” of
-despair, as best suited the pleasure of their owner. Above them she had
-placed a broad, white forehead, and adorned it with waving hair, of a
-dark, glossy brown. Next, a splendid set of teeth attested her skill and
-favor; and, to complete the _tout ensemble_, whiskers and moustache were
-unsurpassable.
-
-“Well,” said Fortune, rather ruffled, “if Nature has been so prodigal,
-he shall have none of my assistance—not he! Let him make his way
-through the world by his good looks, if he can. I will seek out some
-ordinary looking fellow, whom nature has neglected, and with my golden
-smiles atone for the want of those attractions which soonest win the
-favor of the fair.”
-
-And thus, under the ban of Fortune, Frank Gadsby left college.
-
-He professed to study the law as a means of winning the favor of the
-goddess, and had a small backroom, up three flights of stairs, furnished
-with a table and two chairs, on which table several voluminous law-books
-very quietly reposed, being seldom forced to open their oracular jaws to
-give forth their sage opinions. This was his study. But the person who
-should expect to find him there, I am sorry to say, would have a
-fruitless visit, and drag up those steep stairs for nothing. He would be
-much more likely to meet him promenading Chestnut street, gallanting
-some beautiful young girl up and down its thronged _pavé_—or at the Art
-Union, with an eye upon the living beauties there congregated, not upon
-the pictures which adorn its walls.
-
-And yet I would not wish to convey an erroneous opinion, in thus hinting
-at the usual whereabouts of Mr. Gadsby. If he did not study, it was not
-for the want of talents or aptness; for he possessed a fine mind, and
-only needed some impetus to call forth those brilliant traits which were
-concealed beneath an exterior so vain and trifling—for vain he
-certainly was, and trifling I think I can prove beyond dispute. The fact
-is, being a general favorite with the ladies, he was inclined to push
-his advantage a little too far; or, in other words, Frank Gadsby was a
-coquet—a male coquet, of the first magnitude—insinuating, plausible,
-soft-voiced, and, in the words of Spencer,
-
- “When needed he could weep and pray,
- And when he listed he could fawn and flatter,
- Now smiling smoothly, like to summer’s day,
- Now glooming sadly so to cloke the matter.”
-
-But although, like the fickle zephyr, he wooed with light dalliance
-every fair flower of beauty which came across his path, he yet managed
-to retain his heart safe in his own lordly bosom, and Frank Gadsby, the
-charmer, alone possessed that love sworn to so many.
-
-Yet, as one cannot very well live without money, especially in the
-atmosphere which surrounded my hero, and as the law put little money in
-his purse, and the small annuity left him by some deceased relative
-almost as little, Mr. Gadsby resolved to make a rich match one of these
-days; no hurry—there was time enough—he had but to pick and
-choose—any lady would be proud to become Mrs. Frank Gadsby—and until
-stern necessity forced it upon him, he would wear no conjugal yoke! And,
-with this self-laudatory decision, he continued his flirtations.
-
-A conversation which passed between Mr. Gadsby and his friend Clarence
-Walton, will serve better than any thing I can vouch to substantiate the
-charge of trifling which I have preferred against him.
-
-This same charge Walton had been reiterating, but to which, with perfect
-nonchalance, Gadsby answered:
-
-“A trifler—a coquet! Come, that is too bad, Walton! To be sure, I pay
-the ladies attentions, such as they all expect to receive from the
-gentlemen. I give flowers to one, I sit at the feet of a second, go off
-in raptures at the music of a third, press the fair hand of a fourth,
-waltz with a fifth, and play the gallant to all—but it is only to
-please them I do it; and then, I say, Walton, if they will fall in love
-with me, egad, how can I help it!” and, saying this, our coxcomb looked
-in the glass, as much as to say, “poor things, _they_ surely cannot help
-it!”
-
-“There was Caroline D——, for instance,” replied his friend; “why, as
-well as I know your roving propensities, I was induced to think you
-serious there!”
-
-“What, Cara D.! I smitten! O, no! I said some very tender things to her,
-to be sure, and visited her every day for a month—wrote her notes, and
-presented her daily with some choice bouquet; but I was honorable; as
-soon as I saw she was beginning to like me too well, why, I retreated.
-Did, upon my honor! Here is her last note—read it Walton!” taking one
-from a private drawer, evidently crowded with a multitudinous collection
-of faded bouquets, knots of ribbon, gloves, fans, billet-doux, and
-silken ringlets of black, brown and golden hair.
-
-“No; excuse me, Frank, from perusing your love notes,” said Walton! “but
-there was also Emma Gay.”
-
-“Ah, poor Emma! She was a bewitching little creature!” was the answer.
-“I wrote some verses to her beautiful eyes, and gazed into them so
-tenderly that they folded themselves in their drooping lids to hide from
-me. She gave me a lock of her soft, brown hair—I have it somewhere;
-but, faith, I have so many such tokens that it is difficult to find the
-right one. O, here it is!”
-
-“And Cornelia Hyde!”
-
-“She was a splendid girl! Sang like an angel, waltzed like a sylph! Yes,
-I flirted with her half a season. I believe she did get a little too
-fond of me—sorry for it; upon my soul I meant nothing!”
-
-“But you can hardly say your attentions to Miss Reed meant nothing,”
-said Walton, continuing the category.
-
-“Why, what could I do?” answered Gadsby. “Confound it, if she did not
-send for me every third night to sing duets with her, and every other
-morning to pass judgment upon her paintings. I could not be otherwise
-than civil.”
-
-“Then, there was Julia Hentz, and her friend, Hatty Harwood.”
-
-“O, spare me, Walton! Julia was a sentimental beauty, doating upon the
-moon, and stars, and charity children! On my soul, it is no unpleasant
-thing to stroll in the beautiful moonlight with a pretty, romantic girl
-leaning upon your arm, and to gaze down into her languishing eyes as
-they turn their brilliant orbs to the less brilliant stars. I tell you
-what, it is a taking way, and came pretty near taking me; for I was
-nearer popping the question to the sentimental, moon-struck, star-gazing
-Julia, than I love to think of now; see what I drew from her fair hand
-on our last moonlight ramble,” (showing a delicate glove.) “As for her
-friend Harriet, although not so handsome as Julia, she is a shrewd,
-sensible girl—told me, with all the sang-froid imaginable, that I was
-flirting a little too strongly—that she could not think of having me
-dangling after her, for two reasons—conclusive ones. First was, she did
-not like me; and, secondly, my professions were all feigned, for she
-knew me to be the greatest coquet extant—a character which, she added,
-with provoking coolness, she had no respect for!”
-
-“Good! A sensible girl, Frank!” said Walton, laughing.
-
-“Hang me if I did not begin to like her all the better after that,”
-continued Gadsby, “and had a great mind to pursue the game in earnest;
-but I found it would not pay the exertion. She is as poor as myself.”
-
-“What can you say of the sisters, Louise and Katrine Leslie, whom you
-followed as their shadow for more than six weeks?” pursued the
-indefatigable Walton.
-
-“The brunette and the blonde,” answered Gadsby. “Both charming girls.
-Louise, with those large, tender, black eyes—why, she melted one’s
-heart as though but a lump of wax; but, then, the roguish glances of
-Katrine’s sparkling gray ones! Well, well; a sensible fellow might be
-very happy with either. Fact is, they were jealous of each other—ha,
-ha, ha. If I wrote poetry to Louise, then Katrine pouted, and her little
-white dimpled shoulder turned very coldly upon me. So, I gave flowers to
-Katrine and pressed her dimpled hand; then the bewitching Louise cast
-her reproachful eyes upon me, and a sigh came floating to me on her
-rose-scented breath, at which I placed myself at her feet, and read the
-Sorrows of Evangeline in Search of her Lover, and begged for the ringlet
-on which a tear had fallen; then Katrine—but no matter; they were both
-very fond, poor things!”
-
-“In the words of the song, I suppose you might have sung,
-
- “‘How happy could I be with either,
- If the other charmer were away,’”
-
-exclaimed Walton.
-
-“Precisely. Have you finished your catechism?”
-
-“I have; although many other names, whose fair owners you have trifled
-with, are in my mind,” said Walton. “You must excuse my frankness,
-Gadsby, when I tell you that your conduct is unworthy a man of honor or
-principle. There is not one of the ladies of whom we have spoken, but
-has had reason to think herself the object of your particular interest
-and pursuit; and if, as you flatter yourself, they have seemed partial
-to your attentions, that partiality has been awakened by those winning
-words and manners which none better than yourself know how to assume.
-Shame on the man, I say, who can thus insinuate himself into the
-affections of a young, unsuspecting girl, merely to flatter his own
-egregious vanity or his self-love! Coquetry, idle as it is, is more
-properly the province of woman. Nature has given them sprightliness,
-grace and beauty, which, in their hands, like the masterly fan in the
-days of the Spectator, they are expected to use as weapons against us;
-but for a man to assume the coquet, renders him contemptible. If there
-is any thing which can add to its meanness, it is boasting of his
-conquests—playing the braggart to his own vanity. Woman’s affections
-are too sacred to be thus trifled with, nor should her purity be
-insulted by the boasts of a—caricature, not a man! Burn all these idle
-toys, Gadsby—trophies of unworthy victories—turn to more noble
-pursuits, nor longer waste the talents which God has given you, nor the
-time which can never be regained.”
-
-“As fine a lecture as I ever listened to,” quoth Gadsby, feigning a
-laugh. “When do you take orders, most reverend Clarence? Why, you
-deserve to be elected moralist of the age—a reformer in the courts of
-Cupid. However, I will give you the credit of honesty, and more—for I
-confess you have given me some pretty sharp home-thrusts, which I will
-not pretend to parry; but you take things too seriously, upon my soul
-you do. One of these days you shall behold me a sober, married man, in a
-flannel night-cap; but until then, Walton,
-
- “_vive l’amour!_”
-
-
- CHAPTER II.
-
-“Blue or pink, Charlotte?”
-
-“O, the blue, by all means, Lucia.”
-
-“And pearls or rubies?”
-
-“Pearls.”
-
-“Blue and pearls! Why, I shall personate the very ideal of maiden
-simplicity. I might as well appear all in white!”
-
-“And it would be beautiful, Lucia,” answered her friend.
-
-“Think so? Well, I have a great mind to try it, for you must know it is
-my desire to look uncommonly well to-night,” said Lucia.
-
-“But why to-night do you so particularly wish to shine?” inquired
-Charlotte.
-
-“Why? Why, don’t you know we are to meet that renowned enslaver of
-hearts, that coquet, Frank Gadsby! Is not that enough to inspire my
-vanity?” replied the lively girl.
-
-“And you are resolved upon leading this renowned conqueror in your own
-chains, Lucia?”
-
-“He shall not escape them, Charlotte. I will bring him to my feet, and
-thus become the champion of my sex,” said Lucia.
-
-“And have you no fears for yourself? Where so many have yielded their
-willing hearts, do you expect to escape without paying the same
-penalty?”
-
-“Fears!” answered Lucia. “Why, Charlotte, you don’t think I would give
-up my affections to one who has no heart, and never had one; or, if he
-had, it has been so completely divided and sub-divided, quartered and
-requartered, and parceled out by inches, that not a fragment is left to
-hang a hope upon! Why, I should as soon think of falling in love with
-one of those effigies of beau-dom—those waxen busts at a barber’s
-window—as with this hollow-hearted Frank Gadsby.”
-
-“You are right, Lucia; for I certainly think that when you marry, it
-would be well to have at least one heart between you and your _cara
-sposa_, for I am sure you have none,” said Charlotte, laughing.
-
-“Now, that is the unkindest cut of all, Charlotte—I no heart! Why, I am
-‘all heart,’ as poor Mrs. Skewton would say,” answered Lucia.
-
-“Ah, Lucia, it is conceded by all, I believe, that you are an arrant
-coquette.”
-
-“I a coquette!” exclaimed Lucia. “I deny the charge; there is my gage!”
-drawing off her little glove and throwing it at the feet of Charlotte.
-
-“I accept the challenge,” answered her friend. “In the first place, let
-me remind you of a poor Mr. F——.”
-
-“You need not remind me of him,” answered Lucia. “I am sure I shall not
-soon forget him, with his tiresome calls every day, nor his attempts to
-look tender with those small, twinkling gray eyes of his. Imagine an owl
-in love, that’s all.”
-
-“And yet you encouraged his visits. Then, there was young Dornton.”
-
-“Dornton! yes, I remember. Poor fellow, how he did torment me with his
-execrable verses!”
-
-“Execrable! If I remember, Lucia, you once told me they were beautiful.”
-
-“Ah, I tired of them, and him too, in a fortnight. Why, Charlotte, it
-was a perfect surfeit of antimony wrapped up in honey.”
-
-“Then, your long walks last summer with Dr. Ives.”
-
-“Were very pleasant walks until he grew sentimental, and suddenly popped
-down upon his knees, one day, in the high grass, like a winged
-partridge; he looked so ridiculous that really I could not help laughing
-in his face. It was a bitter pill; doctor, as he was, he could not
-swallow it.”
-
-“For six weeks you flirted with Henry Nixon,” continued Charlotte. “Why,
-he was your shadow, Lucia; what could have tempted you to trifle with
-him as you did? I am sure he loved you.”
-
-“There you are mistaken,” was the reply. “He was only flattered by my
-smiles and proud of being in my train. Such magnificent bouquets, too,
-as he brought me! It was party season, you know, and his self-love, thus
-embodied in a flower to be worn by me, was quite as harmless to him as
-convenient for myself.”
-
-“But not so harmless were the smiles and flattering words you bestowed
-upon young Fairlie. O, Lucia, your thoughtless vanity ruined the
-happiness of that young man, and drove him off to a foreign clime,
-leaving a widowed mother to mourn his absence.”
-
-“Indeed, Charlotte,” replied Lucia, in a saddened tone, “I had no idea
-James Fairlie really loved me until too late. He painted so exquisitely
-that, at my father’s request, he was engaged to paint my portrait. I
-believe I gave him a lock of my hair, and allowed him to retain a small
-miniature which he had sketched of me; but, as I told him, when he so
-unexpectedly declared his love, I meant nothing.”
-
-“Ah, Lucia,” said her friend, reproachfully, “and did you mean nothing
-when you allowed the visits of Colonel W——?”
-
-“O, the gallant Colonel! Excuse me Charlotte—a pair of epaulettes
-answer very well, sometimes, in place of a heart. The Colonel’s uniform
-was a taking escort through the fashionable promenades; and, then, he
-was so vain that it did one good to see him lose the ‘bold front of
-Mars’ in the soft blandishments of Cupid; and not forgetting, even when
-on his knees, to note, in an opposite mirror, the irresistible effect of
-his gallant form at the feet of a fair lady! So far, I think, I have
-supported my ground against your accusation of coquetry,” added Lucia.
-
-“On the contrary, my dear Lucia, I am sorry to say that you have but
-proved its truth,” answered Charlotte. “Sorry, because there is, to my
-mind, no character so vain and heartless as that of a coquette, and I
-would not that any one whom I love should rest under such an imputation.
-The moment a woman stoops to coquetry she loses the charm of modesty and
-frankness, and renders herself unworthy the pure affection of any
-noble-minded man. It betrays vanity, a want of self-respect, and an
-utter disregard for the feelings of others. A coquette is a purely
-selfish being, who, by her hollow smiles and heartless professions, wins
-to the shrine of her vanity many an honest heart, and then casts it from
-her as idly as a child the plaything of which he has tired. She is
-unworthy the name of woman.”
-
-“Hollow smiles—heartless professions! Why, what is all this tirade
-about, Charlotte?” interrupted Lucia, indignantly. “I do not understand
-you. You surely do not mean to class me with those frivolous beings you
-have named.”
-
-“It will do for young coxcombs and fops,” continued Charlotte, “whose
-brains centre in an elegant moustache or the tie of a cravat, who swear
-pretty little oaths, and can handle their quizzing glass with more skill
-than their pen—it will do for them to inflate their vanity by the sighs
-of romantic school-girls; but for a high-minded, noble woman, like you,
-Lucia, to descend from the dignity of your position to the contemptible
-artifices of a coquette—fie, Lucia, be yourself.”
-
-“From no other but you, Charlotte,” she replied, “would I bear the
-unjust imputation you cast upon me, and I should blush did I think
-myself deserving one half your censure. I do not feel that I have
-descended at all from the ‘dignity of my position,’ as you are pleased
-to term it, and consider a coquette quite as contemptible as you do.”
-
-“Ah, Lucia,” said Charlotte, archly,
-
- “O wad some power the giftie gie us,
- To see oursel’s as ithers see us.”
-
-“Nonsense! I know I am not a coquette, Charlotte,” retorted Lucia. “Gay
-and thoughtless I may have been; but I have never, nor would I ever,
-trifle with the affections of one whom I thought any other feeling but
-his own vanity had brought to my feet. But come, Madam Mentor, I will
-make a truce with you. I must first vanquish this redoubtable Gadsby, in
-honorable warfare, and with his own weapons, and then, I promise you, no
-duenna of old Spain ever wore a more vinegar aspect than shall Lucia
-Laurence, spinster.”
-
-“But, Lucia—”
-
-“No—no—no! stop! I know what you are going to say,” interrupted the
-gay girl, playfully placing her little hand over the mouth of her
-friend. “Positively I must have my way this time. And now for the
-business of the toilet. Let me see—blue and pearls; no, white—white,
-like a bride, Charlotte!”
-
-
- CHAPTER III.
-
-A brilliant company swept through the elegant apartments of Mrs. De
-Rivers. It was the opening soirée of the season, and here had gathered,
-in the regal train of Fashion and Display, the wealth, wit, beauty, and
-grace, of Penn’s fair city. Music’s enchanting strains breathed delight,
-fair forms moved in the graceful dance, and through the thronged
-assembly gay groups were gathered,
-
- “Where the swift thought,
- Winging its way with laughter, lingered not,
- But flew from brain to brain.”
-
-“Who is that queenly young lady, dressed with such elegant simplicity,
-talking with Miss De Rivers?” inquired Frank Gadsby of a friend at his
-elbow.
-
-“Where? ah, I see. Why, is it possible you do not know Miss Laurence?
-She is the greatest coquette in Philadelphia. Beware—no one escapes who
-comes under the influence of her bewitching eyes.”
-
-“A fair challenge—I will dare the danger. Will you introduce me?” was
-the reply.
-
-“With pleasure—but remember my warning,” answered his friend. “Miss
-Laurence is full of wit, and will cut up your fairest speeches to serve
-her ridicule; she is proud, and leads her many captives after her with
-the air of a Juno; she is sensible, and will carry out an argument with
-the skill of a subtle lawyer. She is handsome—”
-
-“That is easily seen,” interrupted Gadsby. “Pray spare me further
-detail, and give me an opportunity, if you please, to judge of the rest
-for myself.”
-
-At the same moment when these remarks were passing between the
-gentlemen, Lucia said to Miss De Rivers:
-
-“Pray tell me, Fanny, who is that stylish gent lounging so carelessly
-near the door?”
-
-“Tall—talking with young Bright, do you mean?”
-
-“The same.”
-
-“Ah, beware!” was the answer; “that same gentleman wears a perjured
-heart. He is no other than that gay deceiver—”
-
-“Who—Mr. Gadsby!” interrupted Lucia.
-
-“Yes, Frank Gadsby, whose vows of love are as indiscriminate as his
-smiles.”
-
-“I have heard of him, Fanny. Well, he is certainly very handsome,” said
-Lucia.
-
-“And as fascinating in his manners as he is handsome,” replied her
-friend. “Why, he makes every woman in love with him—myself excepted,
-Lucia; every fair lady elicits, in turn, the same homage, the same
-tender speeches, and, in turn, finds herself the dupe of his flattery
-and melting glances.”
-
-“Perfectly absurd!” exclaimed Lucia, with a toss of her head.
-
-“But see, Lucia, he has already marked you; look, he approaches, with
-Earnest Bright. Now prepare for the introduction, which he has, no
-doubt, solicited.”
-
-The presentation was gone through with in due form. Lucia assumed an air
-of the most perfect indifference, scarcely deigning to notice the
-elegant man of fashion, who, by his most courtly smiles and winning
-compliments, endeavored to attract her favorable attention. But both
-smiles and fine speeches were thrown away; and, not a little chagrined
-at his reception from the fair Lucia, Gadsby at length turned coldly
-away, and began chatting, in a gay tone, with Miss De Rivers, while, at
-the same moment, Miss Laurence, giving her hand to a young officer,
-joined the dancers.
-
-“Well, how do you like Miss Laurence, Frank?” said Earnest Bright, later
-in the evening, touching the shoulder of Gadsby, who stood listlessly
-regarding the gay scene.
-
-“She has fine eyes, although I have seen finer,” was the answer; “a good
-figure, but there are others as good; ’pon my soul, I see no particular
-fascination about her—I could pick out a dozen here more agreeable.”
-
-“Think so? Well, don’t be too secure, that’s all,” replied his friend.
-
-“Never fear. I have escaped heart-free too long to be caught at last by
-one like Miss Laurence. Less imperiousness, and more of woman’s
-gentleness, for me,” said Gadsby. “And yet, it were worth while to
-subdue this inflexible beauty, and entangle her in her own snares,” he
-mentally added.
-
-In the supper-room Charlotte Atwood found herself, for a moment, near
-her friend Lucia.
-
-“Well, you have met the foe; what think you now, Lucia?” she whispered.
-
-“Of Mr. Gadsby, I suppose you mean,” she replied. “I am sadly
-disappointed, to tell you the truth. I expected to find him too much a
-man of the world to betray his own vanity. Why, he is the most conceited
-fellow I ever met with.”
-
-“Do you wonder at it? Such a universal favorite as he is with the
-ladies, has reason to be conceited,” said Charlotte.
-
-“Perhaps so. It would be doing him a kindness, therefore, to take a
-little of this self-conceit out of him—don’t you think so?” Lucia
-laughingly replied.
-
-These two invincible coquettes are now entered for a trial of their
-skill, in fair and equal combat. “Let him laugh who wins,” but a crown
-to the victor, I say. A too minute detail of this well-contested game,
-might prove tedious; therefore, we will pass over three months of
-alternate frowns and smiles, and allow the reader to judge, by the
-following chapter, to whose side the victory most inclines.
-
-
- CHAPTER IV.
-
-A pleasant spring morning found Frank Gadsby—where? Not promenading
-Chestnut street—not lounging upon the steps of a fashionable hotel, nor
-whispering smooth flatteries in the ear of beauty; but positively up
-those three flights of stairs, in that gloomy back room dignified by the
-name of study. Several books were open before him, and
-papers—promising, business-like looking papers, with red tapes and huge
-seals—were scattered around him. Indeed, the very man himself had a
-more promising, business-like appearance; there was less of the dandy,
-more of the gentleman, and the look of self-complacency lost in a more
-serious, thoughtful expression. As I said before, Mr. Gadsby had
-talents, hidden beneath the mask of frippery, which needed but some
-impetus to bring into power, and this impetus seemed now to have been
-supplied.
-
-For three months the fashionable world had wondered why so often its
-most brilliant ornament had been missing from its gay gatherings; nor,
-perhaps, wondered more than Mr. Gadsby himself at his own sudden
-distaste for those pursuits which had but lately afforded him so much
-pleasure. Perhaps the remonstrances of his friend Walton had awakened
-him to a sense of the unprofitable life he was leading; but, as we have
-more to do with effects than causes, at present, we will not pursue the
-inquiry.
-
-For some time, perhaps half an hour, Gadsby steadily applied himself to
-his studies—now turning over the pages of a folio, now lost in deep
-thought, and then rapidly transferring his conclusions to paper. At
-length, with a sigh of relief, as if he had mastered some complicated
-problem of the law, he pushed books and papers from him, and, rising
-from the table, walked back and forth the narrow limits of his study.
-
-“Are you ready?” said Clarence Walton, unceremoniously opening the door.
-
-“I believe I shall not go. Make my excuses, if you please, to the
-ladies,” replied Gadsby, slightly embarrassed.
-
-“Not go! Why, what has come over you, man? The party are now only
-waiting your presence to start. What will Miss Laurence think? It will
-never do to slight her invitation in this way. Come!”
-
-“No!” answered Gadsby. “Say what you please for me to Miss Laurence; if
-she chooses to take offense, it matters but little to me. The frowns of
-one whose smiles are so general, are easily borne. I hope you will have
-a pleasant ride.”
-
-“But what new freak is this? Last night you were in fine spirits for the
-excursion, and I am sure you received the invitation of Miss Laurence
-with undisguised pleasure.”
-
-“Think so? Well, I have altered my mind—that’s all,” said Gadsby,
-carelessly.
-
-“Ah-ha! Are your wings scorched, that you thus shun the presence of the
-irresistible Lucia?”
-
-“Cannot a man of business absent himself from the society of a flirt,
-without giving a reason, Walton?” said Gadsby, tartly.
-
-“A man of business! Good—excellent! I will report that weighty concerns
-of the law interfere with your engagements. You wont go, then?”
-
-“No!” and saying this, Gadsby took up a book and sat down, with a
-dogged, resolute air.
-
-“Well, I must be off. _Au revoir._”
-
-No sooner did the door close after his friend, than, throwing away the
-book, Gadsby started up, exclaiming:
-
-“No! this syren—this coquette—this all fascinating woman, as she is
-called, shall find I am not so easily made her dupe! She is a perfect
-mistress of art, that is certain; for who that did not know her would
-think the light of her beautiful eyes shone only to deceive—they are
-heavenly! Who would think that sweet, gentle smile which she sometimes
-wears, and the soft, witching tones of her voice were but superficial.
-In outward appearance she is a type of all that is most perfect in
-woman; and if this beauty of mind and person but extended to the
-heart—ah, I dare not think of it! I am told she considers me a vain,
-conceited fellow—ha! ha! she shall find yet that I am not what I have
-appeared, and that this vain, conceited fellow, has at least wit enough
-to see through and despise her arts. What a beautiful morning for the
-ride. I was foolish not to go; besides, she may think—no matter what
-she thinks. But then I would not be uncivil; as I accepted the
-invitation, I should have gone. I wish I had. Let me see, it is now ten
-o’clock; perhaps I may yet be in time. Yes, I will show her that I can
-meet her fascinations unmoved, and leave her without one sigh of
-regret—heigh, ho!” And Mr. Gadsby ended his soliloquy by catching up
-the broom-brush and rapidly applying it to his shoulders and arms, and
-then with a glance at the small looking-glass, he seized his hat, and
-rushing down stairs, swiftly thridded his way through the crowd until he
-reached the residence of Miss Laurence, whence the party were to set
-forth. Running up the steps, he rang the bell.
-
-Much to his mortification he learned the party had been gone about ten
-minutes, and he was turning from the door, when the servant added,
-
-“Miss Laurence is at home—will you walk in, sir?”
-
-Then she had not gone! Strange!—no, he would not go in; but perhaps he
-had better, and apologize for his apparent rudeness. Yes, he would go
-in; and following the servant, he was ushered into the drawing-room.
-
-Sending up his card, Gadsby sat down to await the entrance of the lady.
-Opposite the sofa on which he reclined hung the full length portrait of
-Miss Laurence—the work of the unfortunate young painter whom love of
-her had driven from his native land. It was a beautiful creation of art,
-but not more beautiful than the fair original herself. There was grace,
-dignity, and repose in the attitude, harmonizing so perfectly with the
-sweet expression of the features. The eyes of Gadsby were soon riveted
-upon it, and rising from his seat, he approached nearer, and remained
-standing before it, lost in contemplating its loveliness.
-
-“Charming girl!” he exclaimed inadvertently aloud; “but false as thou
-art charming!”
-
-Imprudent man! These words were not lost; even as he spoke the fair
-Lucia herself stood very near him, waiting for him to turn around that
-she might address him; but as she caught this expression, a glow of
-indignation suffused her features, and with noiseless footsteps she
-glided from the room.
-
-“How dare he say this of me!” she exclaimed, as she closed the door of
-her chamber; “what reason have I given him for such a supposition! He
-judges of me by his own false and fickle heart; yet why should I care
-for the opinion of such a man as he is. How stupid in John to say I was
-at home. I believe I will send word I am engaged; no, I will even see
-him, and let him know by my indifference how little value I place either
-on his society or his opinion.”
-
-And Lucia re-entered the drawing-room with a stately step, and received
-the salutation of her visiter with the utmost hauteur of manner.
-
-“I have called, Miss Laurence, to apologize for my apparent incivility
-in not keeping the engagement formed with you last evening,” said
-Gadsby, with evident embarrassment.
-
-“It was not necessary, Mr. Gadsby, to take so much trouble for that
-which is of so little consequence,” answered Lucia, coldly.
-
-“Pardon me, Miss Laurence, nothing but—but imperative business—”
-
-“Pray do not exhaust your invention, sir, for excuses.”
-
-Gadsby’s face crimsoned.
-
-“Let me hope nothing serious prevented your accompanying the party, Miss
-Laurence,” he at length said.
-
-“To be more honest than you, I had no inclination to go, and therefore
-did not.”
-
-“But last evening—”
-
-“O, last evening I arranged the excursion merely for my friends, not
-feeling, of course, obliged to go with them,” was the answer.
-
-“Then I certainly cannot regret so much the cause which prevented my
-joining them, since the only attraction would have been wanting.”
-
-This implied compliment was noticed only by a haughty bow.
-
-“Cold, unyielding beauty!” thought Gadsby, carelessly turning over the
-leaves of an annual.
-
-“False, idle flatterer!” thought Lucia, pulling her bouquet to pieces.
-
-“Those are beautiful flowers, Miss Laurence—what have they done to
-merit such treatment at your fair hands!” said Mr. Gadsby, glad of the
-opportunity to say something, for he felt himself completely embarrassed
-by her repulsive manners. “You treat them with as little favor as you do
-your admirers, and throw them from you with as little mercy. Fair,
-beautiful flowers!” he added, gathering up the leaves of a rose from the
-rich carpet, “fit emblems they are in their fragility of woman’s
-short-lived faith and truth.”
-
-“A lesson upon faith and truth from Mr. Gadsby is a paradox well worth
-listening to!” retorted Lucia, with a sarcastic smile.
-
-“Why so—do you then believe me destitute of them?”
-
-“I have never deemed the subject worthy of reflection; yet, if I mistake
-not, the world does not burthen you with such attributes.”
-
-“And the world is probably right, Miss Laurence,” answered Gadsby,
-piqued and angry. He arose, and walked several times across the room,
-then again pausing before her, he said in a softened tone, “And yet,
-although our acquaintance has been but brief, I trust I have given you
-no reason to pass such severe censure upon me.”
-
-A quick retort rose to the lips of Lucia, but as she raised her eyes,
-they met those of Gadsby fixed upon her with an expression such as she
-could not well define, so strangely were reproach and tenderness
-blended. She was embarrassed, a deep blush mantled her face, and the
-words were unspoken.
-
-“She is not, then, utterly heartless—that blush belies it!” thought
-Gadsby. “Say, Miss Laurence, may I not hope for a more lenient judgment
-from you than the world accords?” he said, again addressing her.
-
-“What ails me? Why do I tremble thus? Am I really to be the dupe of this
-deceiver. No! let me be true to myself!” mentally exclaimed Lucia; and
-then, with a look which instantly chilled the warm impulse in the heart
-of Gadsby, she said,
-
-“My opinion can be of very little consequence to Mr. Gadsby.”
-
-“True, Miss Laurence. I wish you good morning,” and proudly bowing
-himself out of the room, Gadsby took leave.
-
-“Fool that I am to blush before him, who of all men has the least power
-over me. It is well I know him, or even I might be deceived by such
-looks as he just now cast upon me!” cried Lucia, as the door closed
-after her visiter.
-
-
- CHAPTER V.
-
-It was some weeks after this ere Mr. Gadsby so far mastered his pride as
-to call again upon the disdainful Miss Laurence. To his great regret he
-was then informed that she was ill, very ill; and for many days his
-inquiries were all met by the same painful answer. There is nothing
-sooner breaks down the barrier of feigned indifference than the illness
-of one whom we are schooling ourselves to avoid; and thus, in the heart
-of Gadsby, coldness, distrust, disdain, yielded at once to the most
-painful solicitude and deep tenderness. This sudden revulsion quite
-overcame even the caution of this redoubtable coquet, so captious of any
-appearance of surrendering the long boasted freedom of his heart; and
-careless of what “the lookers on in Venice” might say, he called daily
-to make inquiries, and sent to the fair invalid the most beautiful
-flowers as delicate memorials of his sympathy, however he might once
-have named them as fit emblems of the frailty of woman’s vows.
-
-One morning early Clarence Walton entered the office of Gadsby.
-
-“Good morning. Have you heard from Miss Laurence to-day, Walton?” was
-the first inquiry.
-
-“I am sorry to say she is not so well.”
-
-“Is it possible! Who told you—are you sure?” said Mr. Gadsby, turning
-quite pale.
-
-“Yes; I am told she is better of the old complaint, but her friends
-think now that she has a confirmed heart disease!” answered Walton,
-gravely.
-
-“Good God! you don’t say so! Is it incurable—is there no hope?”
-exclaimed Gadsby, starting from his seat.
-
-“Heart complaints are very dangerous in all cases, I believe,” replied
-Walton, turning his head to conceal a smile, “yet I hope Miss Laurence
-is not incurable; indeed, I feel quite confident that if she would but
-call in a physician I could recommend, she might soon be restored.”
-
-“And wont she? Have you spoken to her friends? Where is he to be
-found—for not a moment should be lost; it is your duty to insist upon
-it!” cried Gadsby, catching the arm of his friend, who seemed
-provokingly indifferent.
-
-“If she will only consent to see him, I shall gladly name him to
-you—but why are you so much interested? To be sure, common kindness
-dictates sympathy for the illness of one so young and beautiful; but why
-you should take her sickness so much at heart, quite astonishes me,”
-said Walton.
-
-“Then, Walton, let me tell you that it is because I love her; yes, love
-her more than my life!” replied Gadsby. “I know she despises me, for I
-have appeared to her in a false light, for which I may thank my own
-folly, and in giving my heart to her, I have sealed my own
-wretchedness.”
-
-Walton respected the feelings of his friend at this candid avowal, and
-checking the well-merited jest which rose to his lips, said,
-
-“In so hasty a decision, and one so fatal to your happiness, I think you
-do both Miss Laurence and yourself injustice; if you really love her,
-pursue the game boldly—I think you need not despair.”
-
-Grateful for his forbearance on a point to which he was aware he was a
-fair subject for ridicule, and somewhat encouraged by the words and
-manner of Walton, Gadsby frankly continued,
-
-“If her life is spared, I will show her that I am not what she has
-thought me. Yes, I will study to win her love. O, my friend, should I
-succeed—should I gain that rich treasure of beauty and intelligence, my
-whole life shall be devoted to her happiness!”
-
-What think you now, dear reader, of our invincible coquet?
-
-Let us now change the scene to the sick room of Lucia.
-
-“Look, my darling! see what beautiful flowers have been sent you this
-morning!” said Mrs. Laurence, as Charlotte Atwood entered the room,
-bearing in her hands two large and splendid bouquets.
-
-“How beautiful!” cried Lucia, a faint color tinging her pale cheek.
-
-“Yes, they are beautiful,” said her friend Charlotte; “really, Lucia, to
-be so tenderly remembered in sickness, compensates for a great deal of
-suffering. But you are favored; now I dare say poor I might look in vain
-for any such fragrant tokens of kindness.”
-
-“You carry them always with you, dear Charlotte; your heart is a perfect
-garden of all fair and beautiful flowers,” said Mrs. Laurence, smiling
-gratefully at the affectionate girl, who had shared with her so
-faithfully the cares and anxieties of her child’s sick bed.
-
-“Do you know who sent them?” asked Lucia, as she bent her head to inhale
-their sweetness.
-
-“That I shall not tell you,” answered Charlotte, catching the flowers
-from her hand. “They are offerings from your captive knights, fair
-princess; now choose the one you like best, and then I will tell you;
-but be as wary as Portia’s lovers in your choice, for I have determined
-in my mind that on whichever your selection falls, the fortunate donor
-shall also be the fortunate suitor for your hand—come, choose!”
-
-The bouquets were both beautiful. One was composed of the rarest and
-most brilliant green-house flowers arranged with exquisite taste; the
-other simply of the modest little Forget-me-not, rose-buds, and sweet
-mignonette.
-
-“In the words of Bassanio, then, I will say,
-
- Outward shows be least themselves,
- The world is still deceived with ornament;
-
-and thus I make my choice,“ answered Lucia, smiling, and blushing as she
-took the forget-me-not, and pressed them to her bosom.
-
-“O happy, happy Mr. Gadsby!” cried Charlotte, laughing and clapping her
-hands.
-
-“Are these from him, then!” exclaimed Lucia, as she cast the beautiful
-flowers from her. “Then pardon me, Charlotte, if I make a new choice;
-Mr. Gadsby is too officious—pray bring me no more flowers from him!”
-
-“You are really ungenerous, Lucia,” said Mrs. Laurence; “no one has been
-so attentive in their inquiries since you have been ill as Mr. Gadsby. I
-believe not a day has passed without his calling; they have not been
-merely formal inquiries either—his countenance betrays a real
-interest.”
-
-Lucia colored, and a gentle sigh heaved her bosom—but she said, coldly,
-
-“It is not difficult, dear mother, for Mr. Gadsby to feign an interest
-for any lady upon whom he chooses to inflict his attentions.”
-
-“Now, Lucia, I take a bold, defensive ground for Mr. Gadsby,” exclaimed
-Charlotte. “You have abused the poor man unmercifully since you first
-knew him, nor given him credit for one honest feeling. Well, there is
-one comfort, you do not think worse of him than he does of you.”
-
-“Then there is no love lost!” said Lucia, rather hastily.
-
-“No, I am sure of that!” replied Charlotte, laughing. “There is none
-lost, it is true, but treasured in your very hearts, hidden away as fire
-beneath the snowy surface of Hecla, and which will one day suddenly
-burst its frigid bonds—now mark my words!”
-
-“You talk in enigmas, Charlotte, and I am too weary to solve them,” said
-Lucia.
-
-“Pardon me, dearest, I forgot you were sitting up so long—you must lie
-down;” and as Charlotte turned to arrange the pillows for the fair
-invalid, in an opposite mirror she saw Lucia take up the discarded
-flowers, and—_press them to her lips_.
-
-
- CHAPTER VI.
-
-For the first time for many weeks, Lucia once more left her chamber, and
-was able to receive the congratulatory visits of her friends. It was not
-long ere Mr. Gadsby took advantage of her convalescence to express in
-person his own pleasure at her recovered health.
-
-She had never looked more lovely in his eyes than when he thus met her.
-If, at the moment when he first looked upon her, her paleness pained
-him, the bright color which instantly mantled her cheek, and the
-agitation of her manner, sent a thrill of happiness to his heart. He
-took her small, attenuated hand, and pressed it tenderly, as, in an
-agitated voice, he told the happiness it gave him to see her again; and
-as Lucia raised her eyes to reply, she saw his fine countenance beaming
-with an expression which deepened her bloom and increased her
-embarrassment.
-
-“You have been very kind, Mr. Gadsby, during my illness,” she said, at
-length, averting her face, “and I have to thank you for the many
-beautiful flowers with which you have cheered my sick chamber.”
-
-These kind words from her—from the proud Lucia, rendered Gadsby almost
-beside himself with joy.
-
-“Do not thank me for so trifling a favor, when, if I could, I would so
-gladly have poured out my life’s blood to have saved you a moment’s
-pain! O, my dear Miss Laurence—”
-
-Now spare me, kind reader; I was never good at a love scene. Only just
-fancy as pretty a declaration of love as you ever listened to, or poured
-from your own throbbing heart, and you will have the result of Mr.
-Gadsby’s interview with the fair Lucia, the self-styled “champion of her
-sex”—yet proving herself a recreant, after all her boasting; for I have
-been told, confidentially, that, so far from spurning this
-“hollow-breasted Frank Gadsby” from her feet, when Miss Atwood rather
-abruptly entered the drawing-room, she actually found her with her
-beautiful head resting on his shoulder, while his manly arm was thrown
-around her delicate waist—you must remember she was an invalid, and
-required support!
-
-There is a snug little house not a stone’s throw from the residence of
-Mr. Laurence. It is furnished with perfect neatness and taste, and
-there, loving and beloved, our two coquettes have settled themselves
-down, in the practice of those domestic virtues and kindly affections
-which contribute so largely to the happiness of life. Frank Gadsby is
-now respected as an able lawyer, and bids fair to attain to great
-eminence in his profession; and never did Lucia, even in the most
-brilliant assembly, receiving the homage of so many eyes and hearts,
-look more lovely than now, as in her neat morning dress, with her
-beautiful hair in “braided tramels ’bout her daintie ears,” and
-
- “Household motions light and free,
- And steps of virgin liberty,”
-
-she goes about dispensing order in her cherished home.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- THE GENIUS OF BYRON.
-
-
- BY REV. J. N. DANFORTH.
-
-
-Twenty-five years ago it was announced, in an Edinburgh Journal, by Sir
-Walter Scott: “That mighty genius, which walked among men as something
-superior to ordinary mortality, and whose powers were beheld with
-wonder, and something approaching to terror, as if we knew not whether
-they were of good or of evil, is laid as soundly to rest as the poor
-peasant, whose ideas never went beyond his daily task. The voice of just
-blame, and that of malignant censure, are at once silenced; and we feel
-almost as if the great luminary of heaven had suddenly disappeared from
-the sky, at the very moment when every telescope was leveled for the
-examination of the spots which dimmed its brightness.” Thus did the
-great “Wizard of the North” open his beautiful tribute to the memory of
-the Noble Enchanter of the South, within whose fascinated circle had
-been drawn the beauty, fashion, genius and literature of England. It was
-as if the light of one star answered to that of another, or as if the
-music of the one responded to the dying strains of the other—each in
-his exalted sphere, when the “Great Unknown” thus uttered his voluntary
-eulogy on a kindred genius, not to say imperial rival, of the first
-magnitude, if the magnanimous spirit of the former could so conceive of
-any cotemporary. The first fervor of admiring enthusiasm of the genius
-of Byron having been cooled by the lapse of time, we are enabled to form
-a more judicious estimate of it, and of the treasures it poured forth
-with such lavish profusion. It is not now the image of the young lord we
-see in the brilliant saloon, surrounded by gay admirers, with a face of
-classic beauty, expressive eyes, an exquisite mouth and chin, hands
-aristocratically small and delicately white, while over his head strayed
-those luxuriant, dark-brown curls, that seem to constitute the mystery
-of finishing beauty about the immortal brow of man and womankind, and
-quite to defy the art of the sculptor. It is not such an one we see—a
-living, moving form, like our own; but we think of the ghastly image of
-death, we revert to the form mouldering in its subterranean bed,
-relapsing into as common dust as that of the poorest beggar. But the
-MIND remains—that which has stamped its burning thoughts on the poetic
-page; it survives, imperishable, in another, an etherial sphere. It has
-sought congenial companionship in one of the two states of perpetual
-being, as inevitably demonstrated by reason as taught by revelation.
-Byron himself might scorn to aspire after celestial purity and glory,
-but he could draw with a dark and flagrant pencil the terrors of remorse
-and retribution. He believed in the future existence of the soul,
-whatever words of ominous meaning might at times be inserted to complete
-a line or to indulge a whim of fancy. “Of the immortality of the soul,”
-said he, “it appears to me there can be but little doubt, if we attend
-for a moment to the action of mind; it is in perpetual activity. I used
-to doubt it, but reflection has taught me better. It acts also so very
-independent of the body—in dreams, for instance. . . I have often been
-inclined to materialism in philosophy, but could never bear its
-introduction into Christianity, which appears to me essentially founded
-on the soul. For this reason Priestly’s materialism always struck me as
-deadly. Believe the resurrection of the _body_, if you will, but not
-without the _soul_.” Thus there were times when the “divinity stirred
-within him,” and the soul asserted its regal prerogatives, and
-vindicated its own expectations of the future. Nay, the sentiment must
-have been habitual, for how often is it naturally implied in the ardor
-of composition, as in those beautiful lines:
-
- “Remember me! Oh, pass not thou my grave,
- Without one thought whose relics there recline.
- The only pang my bosom dare not brave,
- Would be to find forgetfulness in thine.”
-
-But our chief concern is with the _Poet_ Byron, not with the Philosopher
-or the Peer. It has been said that in reviewing the lives of the most
-illustrious poets—the class of intellect in which the characteristic
-features of genius are most strongly marked—we shall find that, from
-Homer to Byron, they have been restless and solitary spirits, with minds
-wrapped up, like silk-worms, in their own tasks, either strangers or
-rebels to domestic ties, and bearing about with them a deposit for
-posterity in their souls, to the jealous watching and enriching of which
-most all other thoughts and considerations have been sacrificed. In
-accordance with this theory, Pope said: “One misfortune of extraordinary
-geniuses is, that their very friends are more apt to admire than to love
-them.” True, they have often “dwelt apart,” have been so engaged in
-cultivating the imaginative faculty, as to become less sensible to the
-objects of real life, and have substituted the sensibilities of the
-imagination for those of the heart. Thus Dante is accused of wandering
-away from his wife and children to nurse his dream of Beatrice, Petrarch
-to have banished his daughter from his roof, while he luxuriated in
-poetic and impassioned ideals, Alfieri always kept away from his mother,
-and Sterne preferred, in the somewhat uncouth language of Byron,
-“whining over a dead ass to relieving a living mother.” But did not
-Milton love his daughter with an intense tenderness? Than Cowper who a
-more filial and devoted son to the memory of his mother? A fond father
-as well as faithful son was Campbell. Burns, too, delighted in his
-“fruitful vine,” and “tender olive plants.” In Wordsworth the beauty and
-purity of domestic life shone forth to the end. Southey had a home of
-love and peace. Scott was a model of a husband and father. Nothing can
-exceed the exquisite tenderness of some passages in his diary at the
-death of his wife. Goldsmith was neither husband nor father, yet his
-fine poetry never alienated his heart from the softer scenes and
-sympathies of life. It seemed rather to augment their claims, and the
-clear current from the fountain of the imagination is seen to flow right
-through the channel of the heart, sparkling with beauty and murmuring
-natural music in the enchanted ear. Even the voluptuous Moore is said to
-have repaired his fame and prolonged his days by settling down into the
-sobrieties of domestic life.
-
-To return to Byron. He might be said to be unfortunate in his cradle.
-His young days were brought under sinister influences and associations.
-The youth that is deprived of a healthy maternal guardianship, is to be
-pitied. Such was Byron’s lot. Alternately indulged and abused, petted
-and irritated, his temper was formed in a bad mould. Never could he
-forget the feeling of horror and humiliation that came over him when his
-mother, in one of her fits of passion, called him a “lame brat.”
-
-Now, as men of genius, being by a law of genius itself susceptible of
-strong impressions, are in the habit of reproducing those impressions in
-their works, a man of a sensitive poetic temperament, like Byron, and
-one so highly, so dangerously endowed with intellect, and a vigorous
-power of expression, would give to all these thoughts and associations a
-local habitation, a living permanence in poetry, romance, and even in
-history, so far as it could be turned to such a purpose. In his Deformed
-Transformed, Bertha says: “Out, hunchback!” Poor Arnold replies: “I was
-born so, mother!” If, then, we find the traits of misanthropy, scorn,
-hate, revenge, and others of the serpent brood, so often obtruding
-themselves in his poetry as to compel us to believe they were combined
-with the very texture of his thoughts and the action of his imagination,
-imparting to it a sombre and menacing aspect, we must refer much of this
-melancholy idiosyncracy to his early education. He was always grieving
-over the malformation of his foot. Far more lamentable was the
-malformation of his mental habits. But this, unlike the other, could be
-corrected. He should have exerted himself to achieve so noble a victory.
-Instead of this he resigned himself to the strength of the downward
-current, and was finally dashed among the rocks, where other stranded
-wrecks uttered their warning voice in vain. There did he take up the
-affecting lamentation:
-
- “The thorns which I have reaped are of the tree
- I planted—they have torn me, and I bleed.
- I should have known what fruit would spring from such a seed.”
-
-Goethe said of him, that he was inspired with the _genius of Pain_. The
-joyous, cheerful spirit that pervades the works of men who, like Scott
-and Southey, were educated under auspicious influences, and by a healthy
-process grew up to manhood with an habitual regard to the sacred
-sanctions annexed to their physical and moral being, contrasts strongly
-with the morbid, gloomy, and often bitter and sarcastic temper of that
-poetry, which seems to flow as if from some poisoned fountain of
-Helicon. Sometimes, indeed, he forgets his fancied wrongs and real woes,
-as when walking amid the ruins of imperial Rome, and kindred
-contiguities, he throws himself back into the very bosom of classic
-antiquity, and pours out the purest strains of eloquence, enriched with
-the glowing sunlight of poetry. For a time the shadow of the evil spirit
-appears to depart from him, and the true glory of his genius shines
-forth without a cloud, while the sentiments that rise in his soul ascend
-to a pitch of moral sublimity beyond which the ambition of the human
-imagination could not desire to go. In the fourth canto of Childe Harold
-his power of conception and expression culminated, and the publication
-of that poem called forth a judgment of the Lord Chief Justice of the
-Bench of Literature, Francis Jeffrey, which almost deserves a coequal
-immortality with the poem itself, and it is impossible to account for
-this splendid piece of criticism being left out of the recent collection
-of the elegant Critic and Essayist, except on the supposition that the
-most accomplished judges of other men’s works are some times incompetent
-to fix the right estimate of their own. Genius does not always
-accurately weigh its own productions, since Milton preferred his
-Paradise Regained to his Paradise Lost, and Byron himself was
-inveterately attached to a poem, or rather a translation, to restrain
-him from publishing which cost the strongest efforts of his most
-influential friends.
-
-He was then a voluntary exile from his native land, that noble England,
-which should be dear to all great men, because the mother of so many; he
-was nursing many fictitious sorrows; affecting a scorn for his country
-he could not feel; defying the judgments of men to which he was
-painfully sensitive; mourning over the blasted blossoms of domestic
-happiness; seeking new sources of gratification, or old gratifications
-in new forms; in the midst of all he plunges into the arcana of classic
-lore; he dives into the crystal depths of classic antiquity, to draw
-forth beautiful gems, dripping with the sparkling element, untainted by
-its passage through centuries of time. He reconstructs the whole scene
-to our view, mingling his illustrations from those severer arts with the
-sweet and graceful touches of a pencil that seems capable of catching
-and delineating every form of beauty that can engage the fancy or awaken
-the imagination. We have been filled with admiration, we have been fired
-with enthusiasm, at some of these magnificent strains of poetry, noble
-ideas, burning thoughts, assuming precisely the dress, the costume,
-which best became them. Whether the poet takes us along the bank of some
-classic stream, places us before some romantic city, flies over the
-battle-field, luxuriates in a moonlight scene, lingers amid broken
-columns and bubbling fountains, gazes on the splendid remnants of
-statues that almost seem instinct with the breath of life, conducts us
-to the roaring of the cataract, across whose dread chasm, “the hell of
-waters,” is arched here and there the lovely Iris, with her seven-fold
-dyes, “like Hope upon a death-bed,” then upward passes and beholds the
-solemn mountains, the Alps or Appenines, scenes of heroic daring and
-suffering, contemplates the mighty ocean, “dark, heaving, boundless,
-endless and sublime, the image of eternity,” over whose bosom ten
-thousand fleets have swept, and left no marks; finally, if he leads us
-back to the Eternal City, not as in her pride of place and power, but as
-oppressed with the “double night of ages,” as the “Niobe of nations,”
-the “lone mother of dead empires,” sitting in solitude, “an empty urn
-within her withered hands,” and draws mighty lessons from all these
-objects, in all this we behold the splendor of true genius; we feel its
-power; we wonder at the gifts of God thus bestowed; we tremble at the
-responsibility of the man thus rarely endowed by his Creator. That regal
-imagination, disdaining at times the vulgarities to which a depraved
-heart would subject it, asserts its native dignity, and as it ranges
-among more quiet scenes utters, with the solemnity of a prophet, such a
-lesson as this:
-
- “If from society we learn to live,
- ’Tis solitude should teach us how to die.
- It hath no flatterers; vanity can give
- No hollow aid; alone, man with his God must strive.”
-
-Besides that ORIGINALITY, which is a distinguishing attribute of the
-genius of Byron, there is in his language a power of concentration,
-which adds greatly to its vigor; some condensing process of thought is
-going on, the result of which is much meaning in few words, and those
-words kept under the law of fitness with more than military precision,
-yet without constraint. Few feeble words or straggling lines disfigure
-his poetry. That infamous effusion of a putrid mind, Don Juan, has most
-of them, while it has also some exquisite gems of beauty. As the last
-offspring of a teeming mind, it evidences a progress in sensual
-depravity, and an effrontery in publishing it to the world, seldom
-adventured by the most reckless contemner of the opinion of his fellow
-men, or the most impious blasphemer of the majesty of God. Indeed, his
-moral sense must have reached that region said to be inhabited by
-demons, who “impair the strength of better thoughts,”
-
- “Making the sun like blood, the earth a tomb,
- The tomb a hell, and hell itself a murkier gloom.”
-
-It was of this last, deeply characteristic work, that Blackwood’s
-Magazine said, at the time: “In its composition there is unquestionably
-a more thorough and intense infusion of genius and vice, power and
-profligacy, than in any poem which had ever been written in the English,
-or indeed in any other modern language.” No poem, perhaps, ever
-exhibited a more remarkable mixture of ease, strength, fluency, gayety,
-mock-seriousness, and even refined tenderness of sentiment along with
-coarse indecency. Love, honor, purity, patriotism, chastity, religion,
-are all set forth or set at naught, just as suits the present, vagrant
-fancy of the author. The Edinburgh Review justly said: “We are
-acquainted with no writings so well calculated to extinguish in young
-minds all generous enthusiasm and gentle affection, all respect for
-themselves, and all love for their kind; to make them practice and
-profess hardly what it teaches them to suspect in others, and actually
-to persuade them that it is wise and manly, and knowing, to laugh, not
-only at self-denial and restraint, but at all aspiring ambition, and all
-warm and constant affection.”
-
-The opinion of admiring and impartial critics, indeed, was, that the
-tendency of his writings was to destroy all belief in the reality of
-virtue, to make constancy of devotion ridiculous; not so much by direct
-maxims and examples of an imposing or seducing kind, as by the habitual
-exhibition of the most profligate heartlessness in the persons who had
-been represented as actuated by the purest and most exalted emotions,
-and in the lessons of that same teacher who, a moment before, was so
-pathetic and eloquent in the expression of the loftiest conceptions.
-
-How nobly different was Burns, the peer of Byron in genius—analogous to
-him, as well in the strength of passion as in the beauty of imagination;
-attracted, like him, by the Circean cup, absorbed at times in his
-convivialities, but never jesting with virtue, jeering at religion, or
-scorning the recollections of a pious home and a praying father. They
-rose by the force of their genius—they fell by the strength of their
-passions; but the fall of the one was only a repetition of the lapses of
-apostate humanity—guilty, indeed, but profoundly self-lamented, often
-expiated in tears wept on the bosom of domestic affection. The fall of
-the other was like that of the arch-angel ruined, defying Omnipotence,
-even when rolling in agony on a sea of fire. Even when feeding his fancy
-and invigorating his imagination amid the rural charms and sublimities
-of Switzerland, Byron thus writes in his journal: “I am a lover of
-nature and an admirer of beauty. I can bear fatigue and welcome
-privation, and have seen some of the noblest views in the world. But in
-all this, the recollection of bitterness, and more especially of more
-recent and more home desolation, which must accompany me through life,
-have preyed upon me here; and neither the music of the shepherd, the
-crashing of the avalanche, nor the torrent, the mountain, the glacier,
-the forest, nor the cloud, have for one moment lightened the weight upon
-my heart, nor enabled me to lose my own wretched identity in the
-majesty, and the power, and the glory around, above, and beneath me.”
-Or, as expressed in another form:
-
- “——I have thought
- Too long and darkly, till my brain became,
- In its own eddy, boiling and o’er wrought—
- A whirling gulf of phantasy and flame.”
-
-Why all this? A part of the secret is disclosed by himself, in a letter
-to his friend Dallas: “My whole life has been at variance with
-propriety, not to say decency. . . . My friends are dead or estranged,
-and my existence a dreary void.” It had not been so had passion been
-held in check by principle, instead of principle being subjected to
-passion. There is, indeed, too much reason to believe the truth, that in
-connection with great versatility of powers, there is too often found a
-tendency to versatility of principle. So the unprincipled Chatterton
-said: “he held that man in contempt who could not write on both sides of
-a question.” Byron delights in sketching the most odd and opposite sorts
-and styles of pictures, and in abruptly bringing into rude collision the
-most opposite principles, as if he would amuse himself with the shock
-while he distresses the sensibilities of others. His powers were mighty,
-various, beautiful; but they needed adjustment. There was no regular
-balance-wheel in his intellectual and moral system. In another, or more
-painful sense, than the pensive and drooping genius of Cowper expressed
-it, might Byron say:
-
- “The howling blasts drive devious, tempest-tossed,
- Sails ripped, seams opening wide, and compass lost,
- And day by day some current’s thwarting force
- Sets me more distant from a prosperous course.”
-
-His refined and exquisite sense of the beautiful in poesy could not be
-surpassed. His pictures of mortal loveliness are quite inimitable, and
-there is at times in the strains of his muse, in the very structure of
-his language, a tenderness, which it would seem impossible could
-co-exist with that severity so often, so naturally sharpening into
-sarcasm, as if it were a part of the staple of his mind. The lash of
-criticism having first roused up the dormant energies of his genius, his
-first impulse was to seize the sharpest weapons of satire he could find,
-and even the poisoned arrows of vituperation and slander, and with a
-power and precision of archery seldom surpassed, to take his full
-measure of retaliation. Nay, he became so fond of the sport, or so
-unable otherwise to satisfy his revenge, that he multiplied innocent
-victims, assailing his own relations, and even the noble, generous,
-genial Scott, whose maxim it was never to provoke or be provoked,
-especially in his intercourse with the irritable tribe of authors.
-Firmly and calmly Scott resolved to receive the fire of all sorts of
-assailants, who were engaged in the “raving warfare of satire, parody,
-and sarcasm.” This sudden, bellicose production of Byron’s impulsive
-genius—English Bards and Scotch Reviewers—cost even him shame and
-sorrow the rest of his life. But still he was ever fond of sailing on
-that quarter. His impulses must ever be of the fiery, fitful kind. It is
-a wonder that, among all his paradoxes and peregrinations, he did not
-pay a visit to the _Dead Sea_. That _would_ have been a congenial
-pilgrimage for Childe Harold; and, then, for such a drake as he was to
-swim in its waters! The exploit of Leander was only repeated by him from
-Sestus to Abydos. The other would have been an original feat, worthy of
-the taste of a man who preferred drinking out of a skull to the usual
-mode of potation out of the ordinary goblets of civilization.
-
-Severe, scornful, passionate, vengeful, as he often was, how do those
-stern features relax, and the milder sensibilities rise into tender
-exercise, when, as a father in exile, he writes:
-
- “My daughter! with thy name this song begun,
- My daughter! with thy name thus much shall end.
- I see thee not—I hear thee not—but none
- Can be so wrapt in thee; thou art the friend
- To whom the shadows of far years extend;
- Albeit my brow thou never shouldst behold,
- My voice shall with thy future visions blend,
- And reach into thy heart—when mine is cold,
- A token and a tone, even from thy father’s mould.”
-
-Thus, with a certain style of uniformity everywhere observable,
-especially in his characters, there is much variety of thought, emotion
-and passion, evidential of great fertility of mind. If he does reproduce
-the same hero under different names, and even give strong indications of
-his identification with himself, still the wand of the enchanter invests
-him with so many brilliant aspects, places him in so many imposing
-attitudes, as to produce all the effect of novelty. His muse less
-delights in planning incidents and grouping characters, than in working
-out, as with the sculptor’s energetic art, single, stern, striking
-models of heroic humanity, albeit stained with dangerous vices. His very
-genius has been declared to be inspired with the classic enthusiasm that
-has produced some of the most splendid specimens of the chisel; “his
-heroes stand alone, as upon marble pedestals, displaying the naked power
-of passion, or the wrapped up and reposing energy of grief.” Medora,
-Gulnare, Lara, Manfred, Childe Harold, might each furnish an original
-from which the sculptor could execute copies, that would stand the proud
-impressive symbols of manliness or of loveliness, satisfying even those
-intense dreams of beauty which poets and lovers sometimes indulge in
-their solitary musings.
-
- “There, too, the goddess loves in stone, and fills
- The air around with beauty; we inhale
- The ambrosial aspect, which, beheld, instils
- Part of its immortality.” Childe Harold.
-
-This poem, indeed, is a perfect gallery of art, whose paintings and
-statues are drawn and fashioned from the life, with the skill of a
-consummate master and the facility of a powerful creative, divinely
-endowed genius. He places his hand on the broad canvas of life, and
-behold the figures that rise under his magic pencil! They are, indeed,
-too often dark, stern, mysterious and awful, stained with vices, and
-pre-doomed, for their guilt, to the pains of a terrible reprobation.
-With such characters the genius of Byron had a strange sympathy. Hence
-his admiration of that historical passage in the Scriptures, in which
-the crime and the doom of Saul is so solemnly set forth at the tomb of
-the prophet Samuel, whose sepulchral slumbers were so rudely disturbed
-by the intrusion of the anxious and distressed monarch, now forsaken by
-his God. Shakspeare, having finished off one of these dark and repulsive
-pictures, as in his Macbeth or Lear, passes to the sketching of more
-cheerful and even humorous portraits; but Byron, for the most part,
-delights to dwell in darkness. Thus, in this poem, when the curse is
-imprecated, the time midnight, the scene the ruined site of the temple
-of the Furies, the auditors the ghosts of departed years, the imprecator
-a spirit fallen from an unwonted height of glory to the depths of wo.
-Principals and accessaries assume the sombre coloring of his
-imagination, from which, however, at times, shoots a gleam of beauty,
-that imparts loveliness to the whole scene. Milton, with his almost
-perfect sense of beauty, and the fitness of things, would never have put
-such words as these in the mouth of his Eve:
-
- “May the grass wither from thy foot! the woods
- Deny thee shelter—earth a home—the dust
- A grave! the sun his light! and Heaven her God!”
- Cain.
-
-It was quite suitable for Byron to talk so in his Cain, but he has not
-unsettled the position of the world’s estimate of its first mother, so
-firmly established by Milton. He was, at the time, perhaps, thinking of
-himself as Cain, and of his own mother as in one of her imprecating
-paroxysms. Alas, that he should have gone on in lawless indulgence,
-insulting, both in poetry and practice, the sanctity of domestic,
-heaven-constituted, earth-blessing ties, until, after an abortive,
-ill-directed struggle for poor Greece, he sunk into an early grave, at
-36 aet., the very meridian of life! He was never satisfied with his
-earthly lot, not even with the rare gifts of his genius, nor with the
-achievements it made. He professed to consider a poet, no matter what
-his eminence, as quite a secondary character to a great statesman or
-warrior. As he had failed in the first character, he resolved to try the
-second, and strike for the liberty he had sung. But Fame had no place
-for him in this part of her temple. With the rest of the tuneful tribe,
-he descends to the judgment of posterity as a Poet; with all men of
-genius above the million, as more deeply responsible than they to the
-author of all mercies; with all men whatever, as a MORAL AND IMMORTAL
-BEING, accountable at the tribunal of God.
-
-The mind would fail in any attempt to estimate the immense influence of
-his genius and writings upon the youthful mind and morals of the past
-generation—an influence to be augmented in a geometrical ratio in the
-future. What is written, is written, constituting a portion of the
-active influence circulating in the world—not to be recalled, not to be
-extinguished, but to move on to the end of time, and finally to be met
-by its originator, where all illusions will vanish, and all truth,
-justice and purity be vindicated.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- OUTWARD BOUND.
-
-
- BY THOMAS BUCHANAN READ.
-
-
- Fare ye well, our native valleys,
- And our native hills farewell;
- Though we part, your blessed memory
- Shall be with us like a spell:—
-
- For with you are souls in silence
- Breathing for us hopes and prayers,
- Loving eyes that weep in secret
- Gazing on the vacant chairs.
-
- Tender hearts made dear unto us
- By unnumbered sacred ties,
- Bend at eve their tearful vision
- To the stars that o’er us rise.
-
- There are children, darling children,
- In the April of their years,
- In their play they cease and call us,
- And their laughter melts to tears.
-
- There are maidens overshadowed
- With a transient cloud of May,
- There are wives who sit in sorrow
- Like a rainy summer day.
-
- There our parents sit dejected
- In the darkness of their grief,
- Mourning their last hope departed
- As the autumn mourns its leaf.
-
- But the prayers of these are with us
- Till the winds that fill the sails
- Seem to be the breath of blessings
- From our native hills and vales.
-
- Then farewell, the breeze is with us,
- And our vessel ploughs the foam;
- God, who guides the good ship seaward
- Will protect the loved at home.
-
- * * * * *
-
-[Illustration: HE COMES NOT.
-
-Painted by W. Brown and Engraved expressly for Graham's Magazine by W.
- Holl]
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- HE COMES NOT.
-
-
- [WITH AN ENGRAVING.]
-
-
- BY C. SWAIN.
-
-
- Night throws her silver tresses back,
- And o’er the mountain-tops afar
- She leaves a soft and moonlight track,
- More glorious than the day-beams are;
- And while she steers her moonlight barque
- Along that starry river now,
- Each leaf, each flower, each bending bough,
- Starts into beauty from the dark;
- Each path appears a silver line,
- And naught in earth—but all divine.
-
- Oh, never light of moon was shed
- Upon a maid’s more timid tread;
- And never star of heaven shone
- On face more fair to look upon.
- Hark! was not that a whisper light?
- A step—a movement—yet so slight,
- That silence holds its breath in vain
- To catch that fleeting sound again.
- Well may’st thou start, lone, timid dove,
- To-night he comes not to thy love.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- RAIL AND RAIL SHOOTING.
-
-
-BY HENRY WILLIAM HERBERT, AUTHOR OF FRANK FORESTER’S “FIELD SPORTS,” “FISH
- AND FISHING,” ETC.
-
-
-[Illustration: THE VIRGINIA RAIL. (_Rallus Virginianus._)
-THE SORA RAIL. (_Rallus Carolinensis._)]
-
-With the present month commences the pursuit of this singular and
-delicious species of game, and, although as a sport it is not to be
-compared with the bolder and more varied interest of shooting over dogs
-on the upland, still the great numbers which are killed, and the
-rapidity with which shot after shot is discharged in succession, render
-Rail-shooting a very favorite pastime, more especially with the
-sportsmen of Philadelphia, in the vicinity of which city this curious
-little bird is found in the greatest abundance.
-
-Of the _rallidæ_, or Rail family, there are many varieties in America,
-all of them more or less aquatic in their habits, and none of them
-being, as the Corncrake, or Land Rail, of Europe, purely terrestrial;
-though the little Yellow-Breasted, or New York Rail, _Rallus
-Noveboracencis_, approaches the most nearly to that type, being
-frequently killed in upland stubble or fallow fields.
-
-The principal of these species, and those most worthy of notice,
-are—the Clapper Rail, or great Salt-Water Rail, variously known as the
-Meadow Hen, or Mud Hen; found very extensively along all the tide
-morasses, and salt meadows of the Atlantic coast, but more especially on
-the shores of Long Island, and in New Jersey, at Barnegat and Egg
-Harbor. This, the scientific name of which is _Rallus crepitans_, is the
-largest of the species; it is shot from row boats in high spring tides,
-when the water has risen so much as to render it impossible for the
-Rails either to escape by running, which they do at other times with
-singular fleetness, baffling the best dogs by the celerity with which
-they pass between the thick-set stalks of the reeds and wild oats,
-constituting their favorite covert, or to lurk unseen among the dense
-herbage.
-
-This Rail, like all its race, is a slow and heavy flyer, flapping
-awkwardly along with its legs hanging down and a laborious flutter of
-the wings. It is, of course, very easily shot, even by a bungler, and
-there is little or no sport in the pursuit, though its flesh is tender
-and delicate, so that it is pursued on that account with some eagerness.
-
-Second to the Clapper Rail, in size, and infinitely superior to it in
-beauty and excellence of flesh, is the King Rail, _Rallus elegans_,
-which is by far the handsomest of the species. It is commonly known as
-the Fresh-Water Meadow Hen, though it is not with us to the northward a
-frequent or familiar visitant, the Delaware river being for the most
-part its northeastern limit, and very few being killed to the eastward
-of that boundary. A few are found, it is true, from time to time, in New
-Jersey, and it has occurred on Long Island, and in the southern part of
-New York, though rather as an exception than as a rule.
-
-Next to these come the Virginia Rail, which is represented to the right
-hand of the cut at the head of this paper, and the Sora, which
-accompanies it.
-
-The Virginia Rail, _Rallus Virginianus_, notwithstanding its
-nomenclature, which would seem to indicate its peculiar local
-habitation, is very generally found throughout the United States, and
-very far to the northward of the Old Dominion. I have myself killed it
-in the State of Maine, as well as in New York, New Jersey, and
-Pennsylvania, at the marsh of the _Aux Canards_ river, in Canada East,
-and on the head waters of the Lake Huron Rivers. In the great wild rice
-marshes of the St. Clair river, the Virginia Rail, like most of the
-aquatic birds and waders, is very common. It is rather more upland in
-its habits than its companion, the Sora, which delights in the wettest
-tide-flowed swamps where the foot of man can scarcely tread, being
-frequently killed by the Snipe-shooter in wet inland meadows, which is
-rarely or never the case with the Sora.
-
-The Virginia Rail is, however, not unfrequently found in company with
-the other on the mud flats of the Delaware, and, with it, is shot from
-skiffs propelled by a pole through the reed beds at high water.
-
-The Virginia Rail is a pretty bird, measuring about eight inches in
-length. The bill is about an inch long, slightly decurved, red at the
-base and black at the extremity; the nostrils linear. The top of the
-head is dark-brown, with a few pale yellowish streaks; a blackish band
-extends from the base of the bill to the eye, and a large, ash-colored
-spot, commencing above the eye posteriorily, occupies the whole of the
-cheeks. The throat, breast, and belly, so far as to the thighs, which
-partake the same color, are of a rich fulvous red, deepest on the belly.
-The upper parts, back of the neck, scapulars, and rump, are dark
-blackish-brown, irregularly streaked and dashed with pale
-yellowish-olive. The wing-coverts are bright bay, the quills and tail
-blackish-brown. The vent black, every feather margined with white. The
-legs are red, naked a little way up the tibia. It is a very rapid
-runner, but flies heavily. It affords a succulent and highly flavored
-dish, and is accordingly very highly prized, though scarcely equal in
-this respect to its congener, the Sora, which is regarded by many
-persons as the most delicious of all game, though for my own part I
-would postpone it to the Canvas-Back, _Fuligula valisneria_, the Upland
-Plover, _Totanus Bartramius_, and the Pinnated Grouse, or Prairie Fowl,
-_Tetrao cupido_.
-
-The Sora Rail, _Rallus Carolinus_, which is more especially the subject
-of this paper, is somewhat inferior in size to the last species, and is
-easily distinguished from it by the small, round head, and short bill,
-in which it differs from all the rest of its family. This bill is
-scarcely half an inch in length, unusually broad at the base, and
-tapering regularly to a bluntly rounded point. At the base and through
-nearly the whole length of the lower mandible it is pale
-greenish-yellow, horn-colored at the tip. The crown of the head, nape,
-and shoulders, are of a uniform pale olive-brown, with a medial black
-stripe on the crown. The cheeks, throat, and breast, pale rufous brown,
-fading into rufous white on the belly, which is mottled with broad
-transverse gray lines. The back, scapulars, wing-coverts, and rump, are
-olive-brown, broadly patched with black, and having many of the feathers
-margined longitudinally with white, the quills dark blackish-brown, the
-tail dark reddish-brown. The lower parts from the tail posteriorily to
-the vent transversely banded with black and white. The legs long and
-slender, bare a short way up the tibia, of a pale greenish hue. The iris
-of the eye is bright chestnut. The male bird has several black spots on
-the neck.
-
-This bird is migratory in the United States, passing along the sea-coast
-as well as in the interior; a few breed in New Jersey, on the Raritan,
-Passaic, and Hackensack rivers; but on the Delaware and its tributaries,
-which abound with wild rice, it is exceedingly abundant, as it is also
-in the great northwestern lakes and rivers which are all plentifully
-supplied with this its favorite food. It is rarely killed in New York or
-to the eastward, though a few are found on the flats of the Hudson. It
-winters for the most part to the south of the United States, although a
-few pass the cold season in the tepid swamps and morasses of Florida and
-Louisiana. All this is now ascertained beyond doubt, but till within a
-few years all sorts of strange fabulous tales have been in circulation
-concerning the habits of this bird; arising from the circumstance of its
-very sudden and mysterious arrival and disappearance on its
-breeding-grounds, the marshes being one day literally alive with them,
-and the next solitary and deserted. Add to this its difficult, short,
-and laborious flight, apparently so inadequate to the performance of
-migrations thousands of miles in length, and it will be easy to conceive
-that the vulgar, the ignorant, and the prejudiced, should have been
-unable to comprehend the possibility of its aërial voyages, and should
-have endeavored to account for their disappearance by insisting that
-they burrow into the mud and become torpid during the winter, as I have
-myself heard men maintain, incredulous and obstinate against conviction.
-Audubon has thought it necessary gravely, and at some length, to
-controvert this absurd fallacy, and in doing so has recorded the
-existence of a planter on the James River, in Virginia, who is well
-convinced that the Sora changes in the autumn into a frog, and resumes
-its wings and plumage in the spring, thus renewing the absurd old legend
-of Gerardus Cambrensis in relation to the tree which bears shell-fish
-called _barnacles_, whence in due season issue _barnacle geese_.
-
-The Sora Rail arrives in the Northern States in April or May. I saw one
-killed myself this spring in a deep tide marsh on the Salem creek, near
-Pennsville, in New Jersey, on the 25th of the former month, which was in
-pretty good condition. They migrate so far north as to Hudson’s Bay,
-where they arrive early in June, and depart again for the south early in
-the autumn. They breed in May and June, making an inartificial nest of
-dry grass, usually in a tussock in the marsh, and laying four or five
-eggs of dirty white, with brown or blackish-white spots. The young run
-as soon as they are hatched, and skulk about in the grass like young
-mice, being covered with black down. The Sora Rail is liable to a
-curious sort of epileptic fit, into which it appears to fall in
-consequence of the paroxysms of fear or rage to which it is singularly
-liable.
-
-The following account of the habits and the method of shooting this
-bird, from Wilson’s great work on the Birds of America, is so admirably
-graphic, truthful, and life-like, that I prefer transcribing it for my
-own work on Field Sports, into which I copied it entire as incomparably
-superior to any thing I have elsewhere met on the subject, to recording
-it myself with, perhaps, inferior vigor.
-
-“Early in August, when the reeds along the shores of the Delaware have
-attained their full growth, the Rail resort to them in great numbers, to
-feed on the seeds of this plant, of which they, as well as the
-Rice-birds, and several others, are immoderately fond. These reeds,
-which appear to be the _Zizania panicula effusa_ of Linnæus, and the
-_Zizania clavulosa_ of Willenden, grow up from the soft muddy shores of
-the tide-water, which are, alternately, dry, and covered with four or
-five feet of water. They rise with an erect tapering stem, to the height
-of eight or ten feet, being nearly as thick below as a man’s wrist, and
-cover tracts along the river for many acres. The cattle feed on their
-long, green leaves, with avidity, and wade in after them as far as they
-dare safely venture. They grow up so close together, that except at or
-near high water, a boat can with difficulty make its way through among
-them. The seeds are produced at the top of the plant, the blossoms, or
-male parts, occupying the lower branches of the panicle, and the seeds
-the higher. The seeds are nearly as long as a common-sized pin, somewhat
-more slender, white, sweet to the taste, and very nutritive, as appears
-by their effects on the various birds that feed on them at this season.
-When the reeds are in this state, and even while in blossom, the Rail
-are found to have taken possession of them in great numbers. These are
-generally numerous, in proportion to the full and promising crop of the
-former. As you walk along the embankment of the river, at this season,
-you hear them squeaking in every direction, like young puppies. If a
-stone be thrown among the reeds, there is a general outcry, and a
-reiterated _kuk, kuk, kuk_—something like that of a Guinea-fowl. Any
-sudden noise, or discharge of a gun, produces the same effect. In the
-meantime, none are to be seen, unless it be at or near high water—for
-when the tide is low, they universally secrete themselves among the
-insterstices of the reeds; and you may walk past, and even over them,
-where there are hundreds, without seeing a single individual. On their
-first arrival, they are generally lean and unfit for the table, but as
-the seeds ripen, they rapidly fatten, and from the 20th September to the
-middle of October, are excellent, and eagerly sought after. The usual
-method of shooting them in this quarter of the country is as follows.
-
-“The sportsman furnishes himself with a light batteau, and a stout,
-experienced boatman, with a pole of twelve or fifteen feet long,
-thickened at the lower end, to prevent it from sinking too deep in the
-mud. About two hours or so before high water, they enter the reeds, and
-each takes his post—the sportsman standing in the bow, ready for
-action, the boatman on the stern-seat, pushing her steadily through the
-reeds. The Rail generally spring singly as the boat advances, and at a
-short distance a-head, are instantly shot down, while the boatman,
-keeping his eye on the spot where the bird fell, directs the boat
-forward, and picks the bird up, while the gunner is loading. It is also
-the boatman’s business to keep a sharp look out, and give the word
-‘Mark,’ when a Rail springs on either side, without being observed by
-the sportsman, and to note the exact spot where it falls, until he has
-picked it up; for this once lost sight of, owing to the sameness in the
-appearance of the reeds, is seldom found again. In this manner the boat
-moves steadily through and over the reeds, the birds flushing and
-falling, the gunner loading and firing, while the boatman is pushing and
-picking up. The sport continues an hour or two after high water, when
-the shallowness of the water, and the strength and weight of the
-floating reeds, as also the backwarkness of the game to spring, as the
-tide decreases, oblige them to return. Several boats are sometimes
-within a short distance of each other, and a perpetual cracking of
-musketry prevails above the whole reedy shores of the river. In these
-excursions, it is not uncommon for an active and expert marksman to kill
-ten or twelve dozen in a tide. They are usually shot singly, though I
-have known five killed at one discharge of a double-barrelled piece.
-These instances, however, are rare. The flight of these birds among the
-reeds, is usually low, and shelter being abundant, is rarely extended to
-more than fifty or one hundred yards. When winged, and uninjured in
-their legs, they swim and dive with great rapidity, and are seldom seen
-to rise again. I have several times, on such occasions, discovered them
-clinging with their feet to the reeds under the water, and at other
-times skulking under the reeds, with their bills just above the surface;
-sometimes, when wounded, they dive, and rising under the gunwale of the
-boat, secrete themselves there, moving round as the boat moves, until
-they have an opportunity of escaping unnoticed. They are feeble and
-delicate in every thing except the legs, which seem to possess great
-vigor and energy; and their bodies being so remarkably thin, and
-compressed so as to be less than an inch and a quarter through
-transversely, they are enabled to pass between the reeds like rats. When
-seen, they are almost constantly jetting up the tail, yet though their
-flight among the reeds seems feeble and fluttering, every sportsman who
-is acquainted with them here, must have seen them occasionally rising to
-a considerable height, stretching out their legs behind them, and flying
-rapidly across the river, where it is more than a mile in width. Such is
-the mode of Rail shooting in the neighborhood of Philadelphia.
-
-“In Virginia, particularly along the shores of James River, within the
-tide-water, where the Rail, or Sora, are found in prodigious numbers,
-they are also shot on the wing, but more usually taken at night in the
-following manner:—
-
-“A kind of iron grate is fixed on the top of a stout pole, which is
-placed like a mast in a light canoe, and filled with fire. The darker
-the night, the more successful is the sport. The person who manages the
-canoe, is provided with a light paddle, ten or twelve feet in length;
-and about an hour before high water, proceeds through among the reeds,
-which lie broken and floating on the surface. The whole space, for a
-considerable way round the canoe, is completely enlightened—the birds
-start with astonishment, and, as they appear, are knocked over the head
-with a paddle, and thrown into the canoe. In this manner, from twenty to
-eighty dozen have been killed by three negroes in the short space of
-three hours.
-
-“At the same season, or a little earlier, they are very numerous in the
-lagoons near Detroit, on our northern frontier, where another species of
-reed, of which they are equally fond, grows in shallows, in great
-abundance. Gentlemen who have shot them there, and on whose judgment I
-can rely, assure me that they differ in nothing from those they have
-usually killed on the shores of the Delaware and Schuylkill; they are
-equally fat, and exquisite eating.”
-
-To this I shall only add, that a very light charge of powder and
-three-quarters of an oz. of No. 9 shot will be found quite sufficient to
-kill this slow flying bird. I have found it an excellent plan to have a
-square wooden box, with two compartments, one holding ten lbs. of shot,
-with a small tin scoop, containing your charge, and the other containing
-a _quantum suff._ of wadding, placed on the thwarts of the boat, before
-you, and to lay your powder flask beside it, by doing which you will
-save much time in loading; a great desideratum where birds rise in such
-quick succession as these will do at times, a couple of hundred being
-some times killed by one gun in a single tide.
-
-A landing net on a long light pole will be found very convenient for
-recovering dead birds. No rules are needed for killing rail, as they lie
-so close and fly so slowly that a mere bungler can scarce miss them,
-unless he either gets flurried or tumbles overboard. When dead he is to
-be roasted, underdone, like the snipe, served on a slice of crisp
-buttered toast, with no condiment save a little salt and his own gravy.
-If you are wise, gentle reader, you will lay his ghost to rest with red
-wine—Burgundy if you can get it, if not, with claret. For supper he is
-undeniable, and I confess that, for my own part, I more appreciate the
-pleasure of eating, than the sport of slaying him; and so peace to him
-for the present, of which he surely will enjoy but little after the
-twentieth of September, until the early frosts shall drive him to his
-asylums, in the far southern wilds and waters.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- THE FINE ARTS.
-
-
-Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine
-Arts.—Viewed in all its bearings and relations, we believe this to have
-been the most important exhibition of this excellent institution. Not
-that we think the present by any means the best collection of paintings
-we remember to have seen in these same rooms. We believe it is generally
-known that for some time past a considerable business has been done in
-the way of importing paintings, statues, etc., for purposes of
-speculation. Through the exertions of the individuals engaged in this
-traffic, scores of foreign pictures have been scattered over the
-country. With this business it is not our purpose to meddle. Undoubtedly
-these gentlemen possess the right to invest their money in whatever will
-yield the largest per centage, and we are glad to perceive that a
-fondness for art exists to such an extent as tempts shrewd speculators
-and financiers to enter into operations of this description. But,
-keeping in view the state of affairs induced by the exertions of these
-gentlemen, no surprise will exist in the mind of any one at the
-unparalleled interest created in the public mind by the announcement
-that the Directors of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, impelled by
-a laudable desire to patronize art and artists, had offered certain
-“prizes or sums of money,” to be competed for by artists all over the
-world. The mere announcement put public curiosity on the _qui vive_.
-Expectation was on tip-toe. At length, after protracted delay, on the
-16th of May last, the Academy was thrown open to the public.
-
-The two galleries—the south-east and the north-east—those usually
-appropriated to the new works, contained one hundred and eighty
-pictures, which, with some half dozen scattered through the old
-collection, made about one hundred and ninety new pictures, by modern
-artists. Of this number some seventy or eighty were foreign—the
-majority of these German. How many were submitted for the “prizes or
-sums of money” we are not informed.
-
-328 of the catalogue—Death of Abel, etc., by Edward du Jardin, is
-probably, so far as subject is involved, the most important work in the
-collection. As a whole, we look on these pictures as a failure, as a
-_dead failure_. Parts of the works are well drawn, and carefully, even
-laboriously studied, but what could be more absurd than the habiliments,
-attitude and expression of the angel in the first of the three? The Adam
-in the centre is a regular _property_ figure—one of those _stock_
-studies which embellish the portfolio of every young artist who has ever
-been to Europe. The attitude and expression are such as can be purchased
-by the franc’s worth from any one of the scores of models to be found in
-almost every city in Europe. The Eve possesses more of the character of
-a repentant Magdalene than the “mother of mankind.” The third picture is
-to our mind the best; but, taken all together, the works are barely
-passable—not by any means what we should have expected from a professor
-of painting in one of the first schools in Europe. Religious art
-requires abilities and perceptions of the first order—feelings
-different from any manifested in this production.
-
-Of a different order is 56—Rouget de Lisle, a French officer, singing
-for the first time the Marsellaise Hymn, (of which he was the author,)
-at the house of the Mayor of Strasburg, 1792—Painted by Godfroi
-Guffens. Every thing here is fire and enthusiasm—the enthusiasm that
-ought to pervade _every work of art_—which makes the intelligent
-spectator _feel_ as the artist felt in its production. We have heard
-various and conflicting remarks made upon this work, and the general
-feeling among competent judges is that it is the best of the foreign
-works. In our opinion it is, perhaps, _the best_ modern picture in the
-collection. The grouping, actions, and expressions of the figures are in
-admirable keeping with the subject, and the color is rich, agreeable,
-and subdued.
-
-_Murray’s Defense of Toleration._—P. F. Rothermel. If to the exquisite
-qualities of color, composition, etc., Mr. Rothermel would add (we know
-he can) _expression_, he would unquestionably be _the_ historical
-painter of America. In a refined, intellectual perception of the general
-character of his subject, Mr. R. is unsurpassed, perhaps unapproached by
-any painter in the country. His pictures give evidence of the greatest
-care and study—no part is slighted—nothing done with the “that will
-do” feeling, which dreads labor. The picture under consideration
-embraces a great number of figures—in fact the canvas is literally
-covered, but not crowded, every inch giving evidence of intelligence and
-design. Concerning the work, we have heard, from the public press as
-well as from individuals, but one expression, that of the strongest
-commendation—in which we heartily concur.
-
-150, from the Midsummer Night’s Dream, Act IV., Scene 1st., also by Mr.
-Rothermel, is conceived in the true feeling of the great poet. The
-figures of Bottom, and Titania and the other fairies, are fine
-conceptions. Some comparatively unimportant defects in drawing might be
-remedied, without injuring the general effect.
-
-Mr. Winner contributes a large work—Peter Healing the Lame Man at the
-Beautiful Gate of the Temple. This picture possesses great merit, and
-evinces a most commendable ambition. The grouping is well managed—the
-expressions of Peter and John are good—the cripple capital. A stumpy
-shortness of the figures mars the general character of this otherwise
-beautiful production. Mr. Winner paints drapery well, and perhaps
-unconsciously loads his figures with it. This defect is conspicuous in
-his grand work of “Christ raising the Daughter of Jairus,” now in our
-Art Union Gallery. The heads and extremities of Mr. Winner’s pictures
-are perfect studies of color and modeling, and evince a masterly
-knowledge of anatomy. We should be rejoiced to see the efforts of our
-artists liberally sustained, as they ought to be, in the higher
-departments of art.
-
-41, The Happy Moment—105, The Recovery—Carl Hubner. These, no doubt,
-are _popular_ works—as works of certain classes always will be. We have
-heard much said in praise of them. They are beautifully, exquisitely
-painted—especially the “Happy Moment,” in which the color and execution
-are admirable. But in _sentiment_, or any of the _ideal_ qualities of
-such subjects, they are lamentably deficient. Like nearly all the German
-painters, Carl Hubner possesses much greater _executive_ than
-_imaginative_ powers—he is more of a _mechanic_ than an _artist_. He
-gratifies the _eye_ at the expense of the _mind_. Surely rustic love is
-suggestive of something more than any thing hinted at in the “Happy
-Moment.” “The Recovery” is composed of the usual conventional material
-of such subjects—a simpering physician, with a nice diamond ring on his
-finger, friends, with the old, upturned eyes and clasped hands, are
-mechanically put together—all standing or sitting evidently on purpose
-to be painted.
-
-In landscape, the best works in the collection are Nos. 35 and 136, by
-Diday, a Geneva artist—a Moonlight, No. 46, B. Stange, and No. 78, a
-Roman Aqueduct at Alcala, with caravans of muleteers, F. Bossuet. The
-two first are grand and imposing representations of scenery in the High
-Alps—in color they are deep and rich in tone. The Moonlight, by Stange,
-is the best we have ever seen. The tremulous luminousness of the
-moonshine is rendered with matchless truth. The Roman Aqueduct, by
-Bossuet, is, beyond question, the finest landscape in the collection.
-Sunlight, local color, and texture were never painted with greater truth
-than in this splendid production. Light and heat pervade every nook and
-corner of the picture, from the dry, dusty foreground, off to the
-distant mountains which close the scene. The work furnishes a grand
-example of artistic execution and detail. No 52—Lake George—Russel
-Smith—is a beautiful piece of open daylight effect, possessing great
-truth. A Scene on the North River—Paul Weber—possesses much merit. The
-color is fresh and natural, and the sky is the best we have seen by this
-artist.
-
-In the Marine department we have works from Schotel, De Groot, Pleysier,
-Mozin, and other foreign artists, and from Birch, Bonfield, and
-Hamilton, American. Hamilton stands preeminent in this department—his
-“Thunder Storm,” and a poetic subject from Rogers’ Columbus, are the
-best marines in the Academy. All his works in the present exhibition
-have been so minutely described in the daily and weekly papers, and so
-universally commended, that we deem it unnecessary to do more than add
-our unqualified acquiescence in the favorable judgment thus far
-expressed concerning them. Not one of our artists is attracting so much
-attention at the present moment as Mr. Hamilton. We have no doubt he is
-fully able to sustain the high expectations created by his works within
-the last two years. Birch and Bonfield, each, maintain their well-earned
-and well-deserved reputations. Of the foreign marines, those of Pleysier
-and De Groot are the best—but there is nothing remarkable in either.
-
-A Still Life piece by Gronland, a French artist, is a splendid example
-of its class—as is, also, one of a similar character by J. B. Ord, the
-best painter of such subjects in the United States.
-
-Want of space prevents our entering into the discussion of the
-comparative merits of native and foreign works. We feel no hesitation,
-however, in saying that our artists, as a body, have every reason to
-congratulate themselves upon the probable results of the present
-exhibition.
-
- * * * * *
-
-The Madonna del Velo.—Among the many works of art, which the unsettled
-state of the Continent has brought into the London market, are a
-collection formerly the property of the Bracca family of Milan. The gem
-of the gallery is a remarkably fine and beautifully finished Madonna del
-Velo by Raffaelle. This attractive picture derives its title from the
-Virgin being represented as lifting a transparent veil from the face of
-the sleeping Jesus. She is gazing on the infant with all the devoted
-love of a mother, and with all a Madonna’s reverence beaming from her
-eyes and depicted in her countenance and her posture; while the young
-St. John is standing by, an attentive and interested spectator of the
-proceeding. The colors are very beautiful, and are blended with the
-highest taste and judgment. The details of the painting bear the closest
-examination, and every new inspection brings to view some unobserved
-charm, some previously undetected beauty. The figures are worthy in all
-respects of the highest praise, and the landscape forms a delightful and
-effective back-ground. To mention one little example of the singular
-skill and finish displayed in this beautiful work, the veil which the
-Virgin is represented as lifting from the sleeping infant’s face, is
-marvelously painted. It is perfectly transparent, and seems so
-singularly fine, filmy and light, that it has all the appearance of what
-a silken cobweb might be imagined to be. It is a remarkable specimen of
-the skill of the great artist even in the most difficult and delicate
-matters. Indeed, the whole painting is a “gem of purest ray.”
-
- * * * * *
-
-“La Tempesta”—a new opera, the joint composition of Halevy and Scribe,
-has been produced in London, with Sontag as Miranda, Lablache as
-Caliban, Coletti as Prospero, and Carlotta Grisi as Ariel. Whether its
-original source, the renown of the author of the libretto, the
-reputation of the composer, or the combination of artistic talent
-engaged, be considered, the opera is a work of unprecedented magnitude,
-and naturally excited unusual interest on the part of all lovers of art.
-Monsieur Scribe has made legitimate use of Shakspeare’s “Tempest” in its
-transmutation into a libretto—supernatural agency and music are
-employed, even Caliban sings, and Ariel, besides being an essentially
-musical part, heads a band of sprites and elves “who trip on their toes,
-with mops and mows.” But it was necessary, for lyrical purposes, that a
-greater intensity of human interest should be added. M. Scribe has found
-means of drawing these new points from Shakspeare’s own text. He says in
-a letter to the lessee of Her Majesty’s Theatre, “I have done the utmost
-to respect the inspirations of your immortal author. All the musical
-situations I have created are but suggestions taken from Shakspeare’s
-ideas; and as all the honor must accrue to him, I may be allowed to
-state that there are but few subjects so well adapted for musical
-interpretation.” We hope before long to have this last work from Halevy
-transferred to the boards of the American Opera.
-
- * * * * *
-
-A Drama Thirty Centuries Old Revived.—A recent great theatrical wonder
-of the hour in Paris, has been the revival of a piece from the Hindoo
-theatre, “which was performed for the first time” some three thousand
-years ago, in a city which no longer has an existence on the earth, and
-written by the sovereign of a country whose very name has become a
-matter of dispute. The piece was translated from the original Sanscrit
-by Gerald de Nerval, and met unbounded success. All Paris has been
-aroused by this curious contemplation of the ideas and motives of these
-remote ages, and a whimsical kind of delight is experienced at finding
-the human nature of Hindostan of so many centuries ago, and the human
-nature of modern Paris, so exactly alike in their puerility and
-violence, their audacity and absurdity, that the play may verily be
-called a _pièce de circonstance_. King Sondraka, the author, seems to
-have anticipated the existence of such men as Louis Blanc and Proudhon,
-of Louis Bonaparte and Carlier; so true it is, that there is nothing new
-under the sun, and that not an idea floats on the tide of human
-intelligence but what has been borne thither by the waters of oblivion,
-where it had been already flung.
-
- * * * * *
-
-Statue of Calhoun.—The marble statue of the late John C. Calhoun,
-executed by Hiram Powers, at Leghorn, for the State of South Carolina,
-was lost on the coast of Long Island, in July, by the wreck of the brig
-Elizabeth.
-
- * * * * *
-
-Horace Vernet, the great historical printer, has been to St. Petersburg,
-having been requested by the Emperor of Russia to furnish several battle
-pieces illustrative of the principal scenes in the Hungarian campaign.
-
- * * * * *
-
-[Illustration: Drawn by Ch. Bodmer
-Eng^{d} by Rawdon, Wright & Hatch
-
-_Dance of the Mandan Indians._]
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- MANDAN INDIANS.
-
-
- [WITH AN ENGRAVING.]
-
-
-“The Mandans are a vigorous, well-made race of people, rather above the
-middling stature, and very few of the men could be called short. The
-tallest man now living was Mahchsi-Karehde, (the flying war eagle,) who
-was five feet ten inches two lines, Paris measure, (above six feet
-English.) In general, however, they are not so tall as the Manitaries.
-Many of them are robust, broad-shouldered and muscular, while others are
-slender and small limbed. Their physiognomy is, in general, the same as
-that of most of the Missouri Indians, but their noses are not so long
-and arched as those of the Sioux, nor have they such high cheek-bones.
-The nose of the Mandans and Manitaries is not broad—sometimes aquiline,
-or slightly curved, and often quite straight. Their eyes are, in
-general, long and narrow, of a dark brown color; the inner angle is
-often rather lower in childhood, but it is rarely so in maturer age. The
-mouth is broad, large, rather prominent, and the lower jaw broad and
-angular. No great difference occurs in the form of the skull; in general
-I did not find the facile angle smaller than in Europeans, yet there are
-some exceptions. Their hair is long, thick, lank, and black, but seldom
-as jet and glossy as that of the Brazilians; that of children is often
-only dark brown, especially at the tips; and Bradbury speaks of brown
-hair among the Mandans. There are whole families among them, as well as
-among the Blackfeet, whose hair is gray, or black mixed with white, so
-that the whole head appears gray. The families of Sih-Chida and
-Mato-Chiha are instances of this peculiarity. The latter chief was
-particularly remarkable in this respect; his hair grew in distinct locks
-of brown, black, silver gray, but mostly white, and his eyebrows
-perfectly white, which had a strange effect in a tall, otherwise
-handsome man, between twenty and thirty years of age. They encourage the
-growth of their hair, and often lengthen it by artificial means. Their
-teeth, like those of all the Missouri Indians, are particularly fine,
-strong, firm, even, and as white as ivory. It is very seldom that you
-see a defect or a tooth wanting even in old people, though, in the
-latter, they are often worn very short, which is chiefly to be
-attributed to their chewing hard, dry meat. The women are pretty robust,
-and sometimes tall, but, for the most part, they are short and
-broad-shouldered. There are but few who can be called handsome as
-Indians, but there are many tolerable and some pretty faces among them.”
-
-The engraving shows them in one of their celebrated dances, and is
-beautifully done by the artists.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- THE BRIGHT NEW MOON OF LOVE.
-
-
- BY T. HOLLEY CHIVERS, M. D.
-
-
- At the dawn she stood debating
- With the angels at the door
- Of Christ’s sepulchre, in waiting
- For his body evermore.
- Pure as white-robed Faith to Sorrow,
- Pointing back to Heaven above—
- (Happy Day for every Morrow)—
- Was the Bright New Moon of Love.
-
- Nun-like, chaste in her devotion,
- All the stars in heaven on high,
- With their radiant, rhythmic motion,
- Chimed in with her from the sky.
- Sweeter far than day when breaking,
- Angel-like, in heaven above,
- On the traveler lost, when waking,
- Was the Bright New Moon of Love.
-
- Thus she glorified all sweetness
- With the angel-light she shed
- From her soul in such completeness,
- That she beautified the dead.
- When an angel, sent on duty
- From his Father’s throne above,
- Saw the heaven-surpassing beauty
- Of this Bright New Moon of Love.
-
- For the Truth she loved was Beauty,
- Because Beauty was her Truth;
- And to love her was his duty,
- Such as Boas owed to Ruth.
- God had set his seal upon her,
- Her divinity to prove,
- And this angel wooed her—won her—
- Won the Bright New Moon of Love.
-
- Thus the Mission of True Woman
- She did act out in this life—
- Showed the Divine in the Human,
- In her duties of the Wife.
- For the Heaven that he had taken
- Was so much like that above,
- That the heaven he had forsaken
- Was the Bright New Moon of Love.
-
- For the kingdom of Christ’s glory,
- Angel-chanted at her birth,
- Is the theme now of the story
- Which I warble through the earth.
- And because this fallen angel
- Took her home to heaven above,
- I now write this New Evangel
- Of the Bright New Moon of Love.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- BARCAROLE.
-
-
- WRITTEN AND COMPOSED FOR
-
- G R A H A M ’ S M A G A Z I N E .
-
- BY R. J. DE CORDOVA.
-[Illustration]
-
- Come Love with me, the moonlit sea
- Invites our barque to wander o’er
- Its glassy face where e’en a trace
- Of angry
-
-[Illustration]
-
- wave is seen no more.
- Let Love repeat in accents sweet,
- The joys which only Love can tell
- And Passion’s strain sing o’er again,
- In those fond tones I love so well.
-
- SECOND VERSE.
-
- Put fear away, and in the lay
- Of love be all but love forgot;
- Renounce the care of worldly glare.
- Oh heed its glittering falseness not,
- But come with me, with spirit free,
- United, never more to part,
- We’ll seize the time of youth’s gay prime.
- The summer of the heart.
-
- THIRD VERSE.
-
- Then dearest rise, and let thine eyes,
- Where shine Love’s softest mightiest spells.
- Reveal the bright refulgent light
- Which in their lustrous beauty dwells.
- Let blissful song our joy prolong
- While gliding o’er the sparkling wave,
- And be the theme affection’s dream
- Which ends but in the grave.
-
- * * * * *
-
-
-
-
- REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS.
-
-
- _In Memoriam. Boston: Ticknor, Reed & Fields. 1 vol. 16mo._
-
-The author of this exquisite volume, the finest ever laid on the altar
-of friendship, is Alfred Tennyson, the most subtle and imaginative of
-living poets. It derives its title from the circumstance of being
-written in memory of Arthur Hallam, son of the historian of the Middle
-Ages, friend of the poet, and lover of his sister. In a hundred and
-eight short poems, all in one peculiar measure, Tennyson expresses not
-merely his grief for the loss of his friend, but touches on all those
-topics of sorrow and consolation kindred to the subject, or which the
-character of young Hallam suggests. It may be said by some that the
-object of the volume is unnatural and unmanly; that grief does not
-express itself in verses but in tears; that sorrow vents itself in
-simple words not in poetic conceits; and that the surest sign of the
-deficiency of feeling is a volume devoted to its celebration. But if we
-study the structure of Tennyson’s mind, we shall find that, however much
-these objections will apply to many mourners, they are inapplicable to
-him. The great peculiarity of his genius is intellectual intensity. All
-his feelings and impressions pass through his intellect, and are
-steadily scanned and reflected upon. In none of his poems do we find any
-outburst of feeling, scorning all mental control, or rapidly forcing the
-intellect into its service of rage or love. He has never written any
-thing in which emotion is not indissolubly blended with thought. There
-can be no doubt that he loved the person whom he here celebrates, but he
-loved him in his own deep and silent manner; his loss preyed upon his
-mind as well as heart, and stung thought and imagination into subtle
-activity. The volume is full of beauty, but of beauty in mourning
-weeds—of philosophy, but of philosophy penetrated with sadness. To a
-common mind, the loss of such a friend would have provoked a grief, at
-first uncontrollable, but which years would altogether dispel; to a mind
-like Tennyson’s years will but add to its sense of loss, however much
-imagination may consecrate and soften it.
-
-This volume, accordingly, contains some of the finest specimens of
-intellectual pathos, of the mind in mourning, we have ever seen, and, in
-English literature, it has no parallel. The author is aware, as well as
-his critics, of the impossibility of fully conveying his grief in
-verses, and has anticipated their objection in a short poem of uncommon
-suggestiveness:
-
- I sometimes hold it half a sin
- To put in words the grief I feel,
- For words, like nature, half reveal
- And half conceal the soul within.
-
- But for the unquiet heart and brain
- A use in measured language lies;
- The sad mechanic exercise,
- Like dull narcotics, numbing pain.
-
- In words, like weeds, I’ll wrap me o’er,
- Like coarsest clothes against the cold;
- But that large grief which these unfold,
- Is given in outline and no more.
-
-The following poem touches on the mind and character of young Hallam;
-and, if a true picture, the world, as well as the poet, has reason for
-regret at his early death:
-
- Heart-affluence in discursive talk
- From household fountains never dry;
- The critic clearness of an eye,
- That saw through all the Muses’ walk;
-
- Seraphic intellect and force
- To seize and throw the doubts of man;
- Impassioned logic, which outran
- The hearer in its fiery course;
-
- High nature amorous of the good,
- But touched with no ascetic gloom;
- And passion pure in snowy bloom
- Through all the years of April blood;
-
- A love of freedom rarely felt,
- Of freedom in her regal seat
- Of England, not the school-boy heat,
- The blind hysterics of the Celt;
-
- And manhood fused with female grace
- In such a sort, the child would twine
- A trustful hand, unasked, in thine,
- And find his comfort in thy face;
-
- All these have been, and thee mine eyes
- Have looked on: if they looked in vain
- My shame is greater who remain,
- Nor let thy wisdom make me wise.
-
-In the poem which we now extract, we think our readers will recognize
-the force which pathos receives by its connection with intense and
-excursive thought:
-
- One writes, that “Other friends remain,”
- That “Loss is common to the race,”—
- And common is the commonplace,
- And vacant chaff well meant for grain.
-
- That loss is common would not make
- My own less bitter, rather more:
- Too common! Never morning wore
- To evening, but some heart did break.
-
- O father, wheresoe’er thou be,
- That pledgest now thy gallant son;
- A shot, ere half thy draught be done,
- Hath stilled the life that beat from thee.
-
- O mother, praying God will save
- Thy sailor, while thy head is bowed,
- His heavy-shotted hammock-shroud
- Drops in his vast and wandering grave.
-
- Ye know no more than I who wrought
- At that last hour to please him well;
- Who mused on all I had to tell,
- And something written, something thought.
-
- Expecting still his advent home;
- And ever met him on his way
- With wishes, thinking, here to-day,
- Or here to-morrow will he come.
-
- O, somewhere, meek, unconscious dove,
- That sittest ’ranging golden hair;
- And glad to find thyself so fair,
- Poor child, that waitest for thy love!
-
- For now her father’s chimney glows
- In expectation of a guest;
- And thinking “this will please him best,”
- She takes a ribbon or a rose;
-
- For he will see them on to-night;
- And with the thought her color burns;
- And, having left the glass, she turns
- Once more to set a ringlet right;
-
- And, even when she turned, the curse
- Had fallen, and her future lord
- Was drowned in passing through the ford
- Or killed in falling from his horse.
-
- O, what to her shall be the end?
- And what to me remains of good?
- To her, perpetual maidenhood,
- And unto me, no second friend.
-
-The ringing of the Christmas bells prompts a grand poem, in which the
-poet rises out of his dirges into a rapturous prophecy of the “good time
-coming.” It is altogether the best of many good lyrics on the same
-general theme:
-
- Ring out wild bells to the wild sky,
- The flying cloud, the frosty light:
- The year is dying in the night;
- Ring out, wild bells, and let him die.
-
- Ring out the old, ring in the new,
- Ring, happy bells, across the snow:
- The year is going, let him go;
- Ring out the false, ring in the true.
-
- Ring out the grief that saps the mind,
- For those that here we see no more;
- Ring out the feud of rich and poor,
- Ring in redress to all mankind.
-
- Ring out a slowly dying cause,
- And ancient forms of party strife;
- Ring in the nobler modes of life,
- With sweeter manners, purer laws.
-
- Ring out the want, the care, the sin,
- The faithless coldness of the times;
- Ring out, ring out my mournful rhymes,
- But ring the fuller minstrel in.
-
- Ring out false pride in place and blood,
- The civic slander and the spite;
- Ring in the love of truth and right,
- Ring in the common love of good.
-
- Ring out old shapes of foul disease,
- Ring out the narrowing lust of gold;
- Ring out the thousand wars of old,
- Ring in the thousand years of peace.
-
- Ring in the valiant man and free,
- The larger heart, the kindlier hand;
- Ring out the darkness of the land,
- Ring in the Christ that is to be.
-
-After these extracts we hardly need to commend the volume to our readers
-as worthy of the genius of Tennyson. It will not only give sober delight
-on its first perusal, but it contains treasures of thought and fancy
-which a frequent recurrence to its pages will alone reveal.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _Chronicles and Characters of the Stock Exchange. By John
- Francis. Boston: Crosby & Nichols. 1 vol. 8vo._
-
-This volume, invaluable to merchants and brokers, should be in the hands
-of all who have reason to be interested in the secrets of stock-jobbing,
-or who have a natural curiosity to understand the philosophy of the
-whole system as now practiced in all civilized countries. It gives a
-complete history of the National Debt of England, from the reign of
-William the Third to the present day, with sketches of the most eminent
-financiers of the Stock Exchange, and large details of the political
-corruption attending the making of loans. To these are added stock
-tables from 1732 to 1846; dividends of the Bank of England stock from
-1694 to 1847; and descriptions of the various panics in the English
-money market, with their causes and effects. The sketch of Rothschild is
-a gem of biography, and while his avarice and cunning are deservedly
-condemned, more than usual justice is done to the remarkable blending of
-amplitude with acuteness in his powerful understanding. It is said that
-on one loan he made £150,000. Though profane, knavish and ferocious,
-with bad manners, and a face and person which defied the ability of
-caricature to misrepresent, his all-powerful wealth and talents made him
-courted and caressed, not only by statesmen and monarchs, but by
-clergymen and fastidious aristocrats. It was his delight to outwit
-others, but he himself was very rarely outwitted; and the few cases
-given by Mr. Francis, of his being overreached by the cunning of other
-brokers, are probably the only ones that the London Stock Exchange can
-furnish. Though he lived in the most splendid style, gave expensive
-entertainments, and occasionally subscribed to ostentatious charities,
-he was essentially a miser; and his mind never was so busy in
-calculations, in which millions of pounds were concerned, as to lose the
-power of estimating within a sixpence, the salary which would enable a
-clerk to exist.
-
-Some curious anecdotes are given in this volume of the corruption of
-members of Parliament. It is well known that during the reigns of
-William the Third, Anne, George I. and George II., and a portion of the
-reign of George III., a seat in the House of Commons was considered, by
-many members, as a palpable property, from which a regular income was to
-be derived by selling votes to the ministry in power. Sir Robert Walpole
-and the Duke of Newcastle, were the greatest jobbers in this political
-corruption; but Lord Bute, who entered office on the principle of
-dispensing with the purchase of Parliamentary support, carried the
-practice on one occasion to an extent never dreamed of by his
-predecessors. He discovered that the peace of 1763 could not be carried
-through the House without a large bribe. Mr. Francis quotes from Bute’s
-private secretary, a statement of the sum distributed among one hundred
-and twenty members. “I was myself,” says Mr. Ross Mackay, the secretary
-in question, “the channel through which the money passed. With my own
-hand I secured above one hundred and twenty votes. Eighty thousand
-pounds were set apart for the purpose. Forty members of the House of
-Commons received from me a thousand pounds each. To eighty others I paid
-five hundred pounds a piece.” This system has been varied of late years.
-The mode of purchase at present is by patronage. Offices and pensions
-are now the price of votes.
-
-It would be impossible in a short notice to convey an idea of the
-variety of curious information which this book contains. To people who
-have money to lose, it is a regular treatise on the art of preserving
-wealth. Every private gentleman, smitten with a desire to speculate in
-stocks, should carefully study this volume before he makes the fatal
-investments.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _Evangeline; A Tale of Acadia. By Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.
- Illustrated by forty-five engravings on Wood, from designs by
- Jane E. Benham, Birket Foster, and John Gilbert. Boston:
- Ticknor, Reed & Fields. 1 vol. 8vo._
-
-This volume, in paper, binding, and illustrations, is the most beautiful
-and unique we have seen from an American press. We hardly know, however,
-if we are right in giving it an American origin, as its illustrations
-are most assuredly English, and its typographical execution is exactly
-similar to the English edition. No better evidence is needed of
-Longfellow’s popularity abroad than the appearance of an edition of one
-of his poems, embellished like the present, with engravings so beautiful
-in themselves, and so true to the spirit of the scenes and characters
-they illustrate. The book is a study to American artists, evincing, as
-it does, the rare perfection to which their English brethren have
-carried the art of wood engraving, and the superiority of the style
-itself to copper-plate in many of the essential requisites of pictorial
-representation. The poem thus illustrated, is more beautiful than ever,
-its exquisite mental pictures of life and scenery being accurately
-embodied to the eye. As a gift-book it will doubtless be very popular
-among the best of the approaching season, as its mechanical execution is
-in faultless taste, and as the poem itself is an American classic.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _The Rebels. Boston: Phillips, Sampson & Co. 1 vol. 12mo._
-
-Many of our elderly readers will recollect the sensation which this
-admirable novel created on its original appearance. It was the first
-work which gave Mrs. Child, then Miss Frances, her reputation as a
-writer and thinker. The scene is laid in Boston, just before the
-revolution, and contains a fine picture both of the characters and
-events of the time. Many scenes are represented with great dramatic
-effect, and there are some passages of soaring eloquence which the
-accomplished authoress has never excelled. We cordially hope that the
-novel is destined for a new race of popularity.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _Heloise, or the Unrevealed Secret. A Tale. By Talvi. New York:
- D. Appleton & Co. 1 vol. 12mo._
-
-We presume that our readers know that “Talvi” is the assumed name of
-Mrs. Robinson. The present novel is a story of German and Russian life,
-written by one to whom the subject is familiar, and will well repay
-perusal. We think, however, that the accomplished authoress appears to
-more advantage in works of greater value and pretension—such as her
-late history of the literature of the Slavic nations.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _Life of Jean Paul Frederic Richter. Compiled from Various
- Sources. Together with his Autobiography. Translated by Eliza
- Buckminster Lee. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1 vol. 12mo._
-
-This is a second edition of a charming biography, published in Boston a
-number of years ago, and now very properly reissued. It not only
-contains an accurate account of the life and works of one of the most
-remarkable and peculiar of German writers, but its pages throng with
-interesting allusions and anecdotes relating to his contemporaries. The
-letters of Jean Paul, especially, are full of life and heartiness. In
-the following passage, referring to his first introduction to Goethe, we
-have a living picture painted in few words. “At last the god entered,
-cold, one-syllabled, without accent. ‘The French are drawing toward
-Paris,’ said Krebel. ‘Hem!’ said the god. His face is massive and
-animated, his eye a ball of light. But, at last, the conversation led
-from the campaign to art, publications, etc., and Goethe was himself.
-His conversation is not so rich and flowing as Herder’s, but
-sharp-toned, penetrating and calm. At last he read, that is, played for
-us, an unpublished poem, in which his heart impelled the flame through
-the outer crust of ice, so that he pressed the hand of the enthusiastic
-Jean Paul. He did it again, when we took leave, and pressed me to call
-again. By Heaven! we will love each other! He considers his poetic
-course as closed. _His reading is like deep-toned thunder, blended with
-soft, whispering rain-drops._ There is nothing like it.” Goethe’s
-personal effect on his contemporaries, would lead us to suppose that he
-was, to adopt Mirabeau’s system of nicknaming, a kind of
-Webster-Wordsworth.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _Railway Economy; a Treatise on the New Art of Transport, With
- an Exposition of the Practical Results of the Railways in
- Operation in the United Kingdom, on the Continent, and in
- America. By Dionysius Lardner, D. C. L. New York: Harper &
- Brothers. 1 vol. 12mo._
-
-This is a very interesting account of the whole system of railways,
-written by a person who understands it in its facts and principles. The
-author has collected a vast amount of information, which he conveys in a
-condensed and comprehensible form. The motto of the work is one of
-Bacon’s pregnant sentences: “There be three things make a nation great
-and prosperous: a fertile soil, busy workshops, and easy conveyance of
-men and things from one place to another.”
-
- * * * * *
-
- _Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution. By Benson J. Lossing._
-
-The Harpers have just commenced the issue of this beautiful work, which
-is to be completed in twenty numbers. The mechanical execution is very
-neat, and the wood engravings, from sketches by the author, are
-admirable. Mr. Lossing writes with ardor and elegance, his mind filled
-with his themes, and boiling over at times into passages of descriptive
-eloquence. The book, when completed, will contain an account of the
-localities and action of all the battles of the Revolution, illustrated
-by six hundred engravings. The enterprise deserves success.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _A Discourse on the Baconian Philosophy. By Samuel Tyler, of the
- Maryland Bar. Second Edition Enlarged. New York: Baker &
- Scribner. 1 vol. 12mo._
-
-This work is very creditable to American literature as a careful and
-learned Discourse on a large subject, demanding a knowledge not only of
-Bacon but of Plato and Descartes. Mr. Tyler evinces a thorough
-comprehension of the externals of the subject, and few can read his book
-without an addition to their knowledge; but we think he misses Bacon’s
-method in his application of it to metaphysics and theology. The
-peculiar vitality of Bacon’s axioms he often overlooks in his admiration
-of their formal expression, and occasionally astonishes the reader by
-making Bacon commonplace, and then lauding the commonplace as the
-highest wisdom.
-
- * * * * *
-
- _The Unity of the Human Races Proved to be the Doctrine of
- Scripture, Reason, and Science. By the Rev. Thomas Smith, D. D.
- New York: Geo. P. Putnam. 1 vol._
-
-It is well known that Professor Agassiz, at the last meeting in
-Charleston of the American Association for the Advancement of Science,
-startled the audience with an expression of disbelief in the doctrine
-that all mankind sprung from one original parent. The present book, in
-some degree the result of his remark, takes strong ground in favor of
-the common faith on the point. It is worthy of attentive consideration
-from all readers, especially as it popularises the important subject of
-Races—a subject generally monopolized by technical _savans_; in
-unreadable books.
-
- * * * * *
-
-Arthur’s Gazette.—We take great pleasure in calling the attention of
-our readers to the prospectus of Mr. Arthur’s newspaper, as set forth in
-full upon the cover of Graham for this month.
-
-Mr. Arthur’s name is a household word the Union over; his stories have
-penetrated every village of the country, and are read with delight for
-their high moral tone and eminently practical character. The title is
-therefore very fitly chosen, and we shall be much mistaken if the _Home_
-Gazette is not welcomed from the start at thousands of firesides, as a
-chosen and familiar friend.
-
-Capital—a very necessary article in starting a new enterprise—has, we
-are assured by Mr. Arthur, been abundantly secured, and with the
-editor’s industry and energy, there can be no such word as fail.
-
-Mr. Arthur has discovered the true secret of success—to charge such a
-price as will really enable him to make a good paper—to make it so in
-all respects; and then to _advertise_ so as to let the public know that
-he has a first-rate article for sale at a fair living price. If he
-allows no temptation of _temporary_ success to seduce him from the just
-business ground thus assumed, he is as certain of ultimate and permanent
-prosperity, as he can be of any problem in mathematics. A simple
-business secret that a great many publishers we know of, have yet to
-learn.
-
- * * * * *
-
-[Illustration:
-
-LE FOLLET Paris, boul^{t}. S^{t}. Martin, 69.
-Chapeaux de M^{me}. Baudry, r. Richelieu, 81—Plumes et fleurs de Chagot
- ainé, r. Richelieu, 73.
-Robes et pardessus M^{me}. Verrier Richard, r. Richelieu, 77—Dentelles
- Violard, r. Choiseul, 4.
-The styles of Goods here represented can be had of Mess^{rs}. L.T. Levy &
- C^{o}. Philadelphia,
- and at Stewart’s , New York.
-Graham’s Magazine, 134 Chestnut Street.]
-
- * * * * *
-
-Transcriber’s Notes:
-
-Archaic spellings and hyphenation have been retained as well as some
-spellings peculiar to Graham's. Punctuation has been corrected without
-note. Other errors have been corrected as noted below. For
-illustrations, some caption text may be missing or incomplete due to
-condition of the originals used for preparation of the ebook.
-
-page 140, speech of Lenox, ==> speech of Lennox,
-page 140, was for Malcom and ==> was for Malcolm and
-page 145, at it’s outbreak ==> at its outbreak
-page 148, added [_To be continued._
-page 149, saw in vision ==> saw in a vision
-page 149, “to saw the kernels ==> “to sow the kernels
-page 153, thread-lace cape ==> thread-lace caps
-page 153, in in leaving her ==> in leaving her
-page 154, had forsight to arm ==> had foresight to arm
-page 154, everybody eat, not ==> everybody ate, not
-page 154, hour passsed in ==> hour passed in
-page 155, turned to Miss Houton ==> turned to Miss Hauton
-page 155, “Its a shameful ==> “It’s a shameful
-page 155, “a very powerful ==> “is a very powerful
-page 155, get a new troup ==> get a new troupe
-page 155, was evident spite ==> was evident in spite
-page 155, she could excute ==> she could execute
-page 157, sleeping roses heart ==> sleeping rose’s heart
-page 157, Our bark floats ==> Our barque floats
-page 166, conditon of the ==> condition of the
-page 171, nutricious fluids ==> nutritious fluids
-page 173, roly-boly globularity ==> roly-poly globularity
-page 177, perfect nonchalence ==> perfect nonchalance
-page 178, some choice boquet ==> some choice bouquet
-page 178, of faded boquets ==> of faded bouquets
-page 179, lige a winged ==> like a winged
-page 180, herself ununworthy ==> herself unworthy
-page 180, and fops,” concontinued ==> and fops,” continued
-page 183, to her hapness ==> to her happiness
-page 186, in the of midst ==> in the midst of
-page 189, her moonlight bark ==> her moonlight barque
-page 192, pannicle, and the ==> panicle, and the
-page 193, no part slighted ==> no part is slighted
-page 193, fact the canvasi ==> fact the canvas is
-page 194, musical intepretation ==> musical interpretation
-page 195, BY T. HOLLY CHIVRES, M. D. ==> BY T. HOLLEY CHIVERS, M. D.
-page 196, our bark to wander ==> our barque to wander
-page 199, Longfellow’s popularaity ==> Longfellow’s popularity
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3,
-September 1850, by Various
-
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3,
-September 1850, by Various
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3, September 1850
-
-Author: Various
-
-Editor: George Rex Graham
-
-Release Date: January 19, 2017 [EBook #54026]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GRAHAM'S MAGAZINE, SEPT 1850 ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Mardi Desjardins & the online Distributed
-Proofreaders Canada team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net from
-page images generously made available by Google Books
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-<div class='figcenter'>
-<img src='images/cover.jpg' alt='' id='iid-0000' style='width:375px;height:auto;'/>
-</div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1.5em;font-size:1.9em;font-weight:bold;'>GRAHAM’S MAGAZINE.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1.5em;font-size:1.2em;font-weight:bold;'><span class='sc'>Vol. XXXVII.</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sept, 1850. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No. 3.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1.5em;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:1.3em;font-weight:bold;'>Table of Contents</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:1.1em;font-weight:bold;'>Fiction, Literature and Articles</p>
-
-<table id='tab1' summary='' class='center'>
-<colgroup>
-<col span='1' style='width: 25em;'/>
-<col span='1' style='width: 1em;'/>
-</colgroup>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#shak'>Shakspeare—Analysis of Macbeth</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#pedro'>Pedro de Padilh</a> (continued)</td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#visit'>A Visit to Staten Island</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#wood'>Woodlawn: or the Other Side of the Medal</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#what'>“What Can Woman Do?”</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#bride'>The Bride of the Battle</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#doct'>Doctrine of Form</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#coqu'>Coquet <span class='it'>versus</span> Coquette</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#geni'>The Genius of Byron</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#rail'>Rail and Rail Shooting</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#fine'>The Fine Arts</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#mand'>Mandan Indians</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab1c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#rev'>Review of New Books</a></td><td class='tab1c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:1.1em;font-weight:bold;'>Poetry, Music and Fashion</p>
-
-<table id='tab2' summary='' class='center'>
-<colgroup>
-<col span='1' style='width: 25em;'/>
-<col span='1' style='width: 1em;'/>
-</colgroup>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#ode'>Ode</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#tomy'>Lines in Memory of My Lost Child</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#even'>Evening</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#waste'>The Wasted Heart</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#health'>A Health to My Brother</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#port'>On a Portrait of Cromwell</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#seas'>A Sea-Side Reverie</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#audu'>Audubon’s Blindness</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#sonn'>Sonnets</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#tayl'>On the Death of General Taylor</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#psyc'>“Psyche Loves Me.”</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#tothe'>To the Lost One</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#outw'>Outward Bound</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#comes'>He Comes Not</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#moon'>The Bright New Moon of Love</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#barca'>Barcarole</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab2c1 tdStyle0'><a href='#foll'>Le Follet</a></td><td class='tab2c2 tdStyle0'></td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'><a href='#notes'>Transcriber’s Notes</a> can be found at the end of this eBook.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk100'/>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1.5em;font-size:1.9em;font-weight:bold;'>GRAHAM’S MAGAZINE.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk101'/>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:1.2em;font-weight:bold;'><span class='sc'>Vol.</span> XXXVII. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;PHILADELPHIA, September, 1850. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class='sc'>No.</span> 3.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk102'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='137' id='Page_137'></span><h1 class='nobreak'><a id='shak'></a>SHAKSPEARE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-weight:bold;'>ANALYSIS OF MACBETH.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY HENRY C. MOORHEAD.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The reader who has not considered the subject in
-Ulrici’s point of view, will, perhaps, scarcely be
-prepared, at first sight, to believe that the two plays
-of Macbeth and the Merchant of Venice, have the
-same “ground-idea;” that both are, throughout,
-imbued with the same sentiment, yet he will
-readily perceive the similarity of the leading incidents
-of these plays. Shylock insists on the literal
-terms of his bond, and “stands for judgment,” according
-to the strict law of Venice. He is entitled to
-a pound of flesh; “the law allows it, and the court
-awards it;” but his bond gives him no drop of blood,
-and neither more nor less than just a pound. Thus
-the <span class='it'>letter of the law</span>, on which he has so sternly insisted,
-serves in the end to defeat him. In like
-manner Macbeth relies with fatal confidence on the
-predictions of the weird sisters, that “none of woman
-born shall harm Macbeth;” and that he “shall
-never vanquished be till Birnam wood do come to
-Dunsinane.” The predictions are more <span class='it'>literally</span>
-fulfilled than he anticipated, and that very strictness
-of interpretation makes them worthless.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Now it is from these incidents—both of the same
-import—that the respective themes of these plays
-are drawn; hence those themes are substantially the
-same, and may be thus expressed:</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='it'>The relation of form to substance—of the letter to
-the spirit—of the real to the ideal.</span> But the different
-aspects in which this idea is presented are multiform;
-as empty, superfluous words; ambiguities, equivocations,
-irony, riddles, formality, prescription, superstition;
-witches, ghosts, dreams, omens, etc., etc.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The reason and the propriety of the introduction
-of the witches in Macbeth, has often been a subject
-of speculation. It may be remarked in general, that
-Shakspeare always follows very closely the original
-story on which his plot is founded. The question
-as to any given circumstance, therefore, generally is
-rather why he has <span class='it'>retained</span> than why he has <span class='it'>introduced</span>
-it. In the history of Macbeth, as he read it
-in the old chronicles, he found the weird sisters, and
-also their <span class='it'>equivocal predictions</span>; and it was upon
-these predictions as a “ground-idea,” (as has already
-been observed,) that he constructed the play. The
-witches, therefore, were not introduced for the sake
-of the play, but it might rather be said the play was
-written for the sake of the witches.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>ACT I.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The prevailing modification of the theme, in the
-early part of the play, is “the ambiguity of appearances.”
-The 1st scene merely introduces the
-witches, who are themselves <span class='it'>ambiguous</span>, and so is
-their language; “fair is foul, and foul is fair.” They
-appear amidst thunder and lightning, and a hurly-burly
-of empty words.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the 2d Scene a bleeding soldier enters, and gives
-an account of the battle, and of the achievements of
-Macbeth and Banquo. Mark how he dwells on the
-<span class='it'>doubtful aspect</span> of the fight:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;“Doubtfully it stood;</p>
-<p class='line0'>As two spent swimmers that do cling together,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And choke their art.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>He represents fortune as smiling at first on Macdonwald’s
-cause; but brave Macbeth, “disdaining fortune,”
-soon turned the tide of victory. But another
-revulsion follows, “and from the spring whence comfort
-seemed to come, discomfort flows.” The Norweyan
-lord suddenly renews the assault, but victory
-at last falls on Macbeth and Banquo. Ross now
-enters and describes the fight, dwelling in like
-manner on the <span class='it'>uncertainty</span> which attended it; and
-Duncan, declaring that the Thane of Cawdor shall no
-more <span class='it'>deceive</span> him, orders his execution. It is
-worthy of remark also, that the view here presented
-of Macbeth’s character is purely <span class='it'>formal</span> or
-<span class='it'>sensual</span>. Physical strength and bull-dog courage are
-alone spoken of. Swords “smoking with bloody
-execution,” “reeking wounds,” and “heads fixed
-on battlements,” compose the staple of his eulogy.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='it'>Scene</span> 3d—Enter the three witches. There is an
-idle repetition of words. The offense of the sailor’s
-wife is visited upon her husband, who is, however,
-to encounter only the <span class='it'>appearance</span>, not the <span class='it'>reality</span> of
-destruction. A certain <span class='it'>combination of numbers</span> completes
-the charm.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Macbeth and Banquo now encounter the weird
-sisters on the heath. Macbeth’s exclamations relate
-chiefly to the <span class='it'>ambiguity</span> of their <span class='it'>appearance</span>. He
-says, they “look not like the inhabitants of the earth,
-and yet are on it.” They “<span class='it'>seem</span> to understand me.”</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;They should be women,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And yet their beards forbid me to interpret</p>
-<p class='line0'>That they are so.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The witches then salute Macbeth in terms which
-are to him <span class='it'>incomprehensible</span>. They call him Thane
-of Cawdor, which he is, but does not know it. They
-also salute Banquo in ambiguous language: “Lesser
-than Macbeth and greater.” “Not so happy, yet
-much happier,” etc., etc.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The witches now “melt into the wind;” upon
-which Banquo says,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>The earth hath <span class='it'>bubbles</span> as the water has,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And these are of them.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Ross and Angus now enter and salute Macbeth
-as Thane of Cawdor, who, finding the prediction of
-the witches verified in this particular, asks Banquo
-whether he does not hope his children shall be kings.
-Banquo’s answer points to the <span class='it'>ambiguity</span> of appearances,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;That trysted home,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Might yet enkindle you unto the crown,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Besides the Thane of Cawdor. But ’tis strange;</p>
-<p class='line0'>And oftentimes to win us to our harm,</p>
-<p class='line0'>The instruments of darkness tell us truths;</p>
-<p class='line0'>Win us with honest trifles to betray us</p>
-<p class='line0'>In deepest consequence.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Macbeth falls into meditation on the subject; thinks
-this “supernatural soliciting” cannot be ill, because
-it has already given him earnest of success; cannot
-be good, because it breeds horrid suggestions in his
-mind. The appearances are <span class='it'>ambiguous</span> and bewilder
-him. Banquo, observing his abstraction, remarks
-that new honors come upon him like “strange garments,”
-wanting the <span class='it'>formality</span> of use to make them
-sit easy.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The next Scene, (the 4th) though a short one,
-contains several very pointed references to the central
-idea. Malcolm reports to Duncan that Cawdor,
-when led to execution, had frankly confessed his
-treasons; whereupon Duncan says,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;There’s no art</p>
-<p class='line0'>To find the mind’s construction in the face;</p>
-<p class='line0'>He was a gentleman on whom I built</p>
-<p class='line0'>An absolute trust.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This reflection is commonplace enough in itself,
-but is rendered eminently striking by his cordial reception
-of Macbeth the next moment; he hails as his
-deliverer, and enthrones in his heart, the man who is
-already meditating his destruction, and that very
-night murders him in his sleep. Thus precept and
-example concur in teaching the <span class='it'>uncertainty of appearances</span>.
-Again Duncan says:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;My <span class='it'>plenteous joys</span>,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Wanton in fullness, seek to hide themselves</p>
-<p class='line0'>In <span class='it'>drops of sorrow</span>.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>He then declares his intention to confer <span class='it'>appropriate</span>
-honors on all deservers, and renews his expressions
-of confidence in Macbeth.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The subject is now presented in a slightly different
-aspect. Whereas the ambiguity of form or appearance
-has heretofore been insisted on, the leading idea
-is now the agreement of form with substance; the
-correspondence of appearances with the reality.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Macbeth writes to his wife, informing her of
-what has happened, that she may not “lose the dues
-of rejoicing,” but be able to conform to their new
-circumstances. Her reflections on the occasion
-abound with illustrations of the theme. She fears
-his nature; it is too full of the milk of human kindness
-to “catch the nearest way.” He cannot rid
-himself of what she considers mere ceremonious
-scruples; “what he would highly that he would
-holily;” whilst she thinks only of the end they aim
-at, she apprehends that he will stand upon <span class='it'>the manner</span>
-of reaching it. An attendant now informs her
-of Duncan’s unexpected approach; and she falls
-into a soliloquy which is singularly adapted to the
-theme. The “hoarse raven;” the invocation to
-night; her wish to be unsexed, and that her milk
-might be turned to gall, etc., etc. When Macbeth
-arrives, she says to him:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Your face, my thane, is as a book, where men</p>
-<p class='line0'>May read strange matters; <span class='it'>To beguile the time</span>,</p>
-<p class='line0'><span class='it'>Look like the time</span>; bear welcome in your eye,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Your hand, your tongue; look like the innocent flower,</p>
-<p class='line0'>But be the serpent under it.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the next scene she practices that dissimulation
-which she has reproached Macbeth for wanting.
-Her reception of Duncan is full of ceremony and professions
-of duty.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The 7th Scene opens with the great soliloquy of
-Macbeth, “If it were done, when ’tis done,” etc.
-He dwells on the <span class='it'>incongruity</span> of his killing Duncan,
-who is there in double trust; “First as I am his
-kinsman and his subject; then as his host.” Duncan,
-too, “has borne his faculties so meek;” has been
-“so clear in his great office;” “he has honored me
-of late;” and “I have bought golden opinions from
-all sorts of people.” He resolves at last that he will
-proceed no further in the business. Lady Macbeth
-now enters to “chastise him with the valor of her
-tongue.” In the course of the argument that ensues,
-Macbeth shows <span class='it'>his</span> regard for <span class='it'>appearances</span> by
-saying:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>I dare do all that may become a man,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Who dares do more is none.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>whilst she shows <span class='it'>her</span> respect for the strictness of
-the letter by declaring that <span class='it'>had she so sworn</span> as he
-has done to this, she would, whilst her babe was
-smiling in her face, have “plucked her nipple from
-his boneless gums,” and dashed his brains out. She
-then proposes to drench the attendants with wine,
-and smear them with Duncan’s blood, so that suspicion
-may fall on them; also, “we will make our
-griefs and clamor roar upon his death.” And here
-the first act ends with these words:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Away and mock the time with fairest show;</p>
-<p class='line0'>False face must hide what the false heart doth know.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>ACT II.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the 2d Act the same idea of <span class='it'>correspondence</span> is
-pursued, and the propensity of the imagination to
-embody ideas which press upon the mind is dwelt
-upon.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the first scene Banquo, when ordering the light
-to be removed, says: “Night’s candles are all out;
-there’s husbandry in Heaven.” This imagery, no
-doubt, very naturally suggests itself; but herein lies
-the peculiar art of these plays; there is seldom any
-thing forced or strained in the narrative or sentiment,
-the events and reflections fall in naturally and gracefully;
-and yet the same general idea is always kept
-in the foreground.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Macbeth tells Banquo if he will co-operate with
-him it shall be to his honor; the latter intimates his
-fear of losing the <span class='it'>substance</span> by grasping at the <span class='it'>shadow</span>;
-“So I lose none in seeking to augment it,” etc.
-Then comes the fearful soliloquy of Macbeth on the
-air-drawn dagger. So intensely does the bloody
-business “inform to his mind,” that his very thoughts
-cast a shadow, and the object of his meditation
-stands pictured before him. All the imagery of the
-speech also embodies the central idea.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The next scene (the 2d) is full of horrible imaginings.
-So fearful are the workings of Macbeth’s
-conscience, that, in spite of his guilt, we pity as much
-as we abhor him; and all these exclamations of remorse
-and horror allude so plainly to the theme that
-I need not dwell on them. Lady Macbeth is seldom
-troubled with scruples, but takes “the nearest way”
-to her purpose. Thus she says,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;The sleeping and the dead,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Are but as pictures: ’tis the eye of childhood</p>
-<p class='line0'>That fears a painted devil.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Yet even her stern nature, which bore down all
-real obstacles, yielded to the merely formal circumstance
-that Duncan resembled her father as he slept.
-This is, perhaps, the only amiable sentiment she
-utters, and it is of a <span class='it'>superstitious</span> character, however
-commendable.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The 3d Scene opens with the humorous soliloquy
-of the Porter, who imagines himself porter of hell-gate,
-and gives each new comer an <span class='it'>appropriate</span> reception,
-but soon finds that the place is <span class='it'>too cold</span> for
-the purpose. His remarks on the effects of drink
-will not bear quotation, but are as much to the main
-purpose as any other passage of the play. When
-the murder of Duncan is announced, Lady Macbeth
-continues her formal part by <span class='it'>fainting</span>. This scene
-and the next are much occupied with accounts of
-omens and prodigies in connection with the murder
-of Duncan. In a superstitious age men were prone
-to believe and to imagine such things; and the relation
-of these events to the theme depends on that
-<span class='it'>literal, unspiritual</span> tendency of mind which has led
-mankind under different circumstances to the making
-of graven images, to the worship of stocks and stones,
-to the belief in dreams and omens, and to every form
-of <span class='it'>superstition</span>.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>ACT III.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the first scene of this act Macbeth dwells on the
-worthlessness of the mere title which he has won,
-“To be thus is nothing, but to be <span class='it'>safely</span> thus.”
-Then, too, the succession was promised to the issue
-of Banquo, leaving a barren sceptre in the hands of
-Macbeth. He resolves to have the substantial prize
-for which he had “filed his mind,” and therefore
-plans the destruction of Banquo and Fleance. In
-the conversation with the murderers whom he engages
-for that purpose, the theme is curiously illustrated.
-In reply to Macbeth’s question as to their
-readiness to revenge an injury, they say, “We are
-men, my lord.”</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'><span class='it'>Macbeth.</span> Ay, in the catalogue, you go for men</p>
-<p class='line0'>As hounds, and grey-hounds, mongrels, spaniels, curs,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Shoughs, water-rugs, and demi-wolves are clep’d</p>
-<p class='line0'>All by the name of dogs; the valued file</p>
-<p class='line0'>Distinguishes the swift, the slow, the subtle,</p>
-<p class='line0'>The house-keeper, the hunter, every one</p>
-<p class='line0'>According to the gift which bounteous nature</p>
-<p class='line0'>Hath in him closed.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The <span class='it'>ambiguity</span> of the general name is remedied
-by the <span class='it'>specific</span> description. The name is <span class='it'>formal</span>,
-the description <span class='it'>substantial</span>.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the next Scene (the 2d) both Macbeth and Lady
-Macbeth continue their reflections on the insecurity
-of their usurped honors: “We have scotched the
-snake, not killed it.” She exhorts him to “sleek o’er
-his rugged look;” and he refuses to explain his purposes
-as to Banquo, bidding her be innocent of the
-knowledge till she can applaud the deed; thus sparing
-her conscience the <span class='it'>formal</span> guilt of the murder. His
-invocation to night and darkness, at the end of this
-scene, is very similar to that of Lady Macbeth, on a
-similar occasion, before referred to.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the 3d Scene the murderers, whilst waiting the
-approach of Banquo, justify to themselves the deed
-they are about to commit, by pleading the orders of
-Macbeth. The deed is his; they are the mere instruments
-of his will. The allusion to the fading
-light; “the west yet glimmers with some streaks of
-day,” seems to refer to the near approach of Banquo’s
-end; as the extinguishment of the light does to the
-simultaneous extinguishment of his life, immediately
-afterward.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The next is the Banquet Scene. It opens with
-<span class='it'>formal ceremony</span>. The murderers then inform Macbeth
-that they have executed his will on Banquo.
-Macbeth expresses surprise and regret at Banquo’s
-absence, but in the midst of his hypocritical professions,
-his excited imagination <span class='it'>embodies</span> the description
-which has just been given him by the murderers,
-and the ghost of Banquo, “with twenty trenched
-gashes on its head,” rises and shakes its gory locks
-at him. The whole scene abounds with illustrations
-of the theme. Macbeth endeavors to shelter
-himself under the <span class='it'>letter of the law</span>, when he exclaims,
-“thou canst not say I did it!” He thinks
-that after a man has been regularly murdered, he
-should stay in his grave; he declares his readiness
-to encounter any <span class='it'>substantial</span> foe—the rugged Russian
-bear, the armed rhinoceros, or the Hyrcan tiger;
-it is the “horrible <span class='it'>shadow</span>” that blanches his cheek
-with fear. After the guests have retired, he falls
-into a superstitious train of reflection, in which he
-expresses his belief in augurs, etc. He declares
-his intention to revisit the weird sisters; he is fast
-becoming as formal and as reckless of consequences
-as his wife; he speaks of his qualms of conscience
-as the “<span class='it'>initiate</span> fear that wants hard use;” and, as
-if he now passively allowed himself to be borne onward
-by the tide of events, says he has strange
-things in his head, “which must be <span class='it'>acted</span> e’er they
-may be <span class='it'>scanned</span>.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Scene 5th. This is another witch scene. Hecate
-declares her intention to raise up artificial sprites for
-the purpose of deluding Macbeth, and drawing him
-on to his confusion, thus preparing the way for the
-ambiguous predictions.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the 6th Scene, the relation between the letter
-and the spirit is exhibited in the <span class='it'>ironical</span> speech of
-<a id='lenn'></a>Lennox, and in the King of England’s regard for the
-“dues of birth.”</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Things have been strangely born; the gracious Duncan</p>
-<p class='line0'>Was pitied of Macbeth; marry, he was dead;</p>
-<p class='line0'>And the right valiant Banquo walked too late,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Whom you may say, if it please you, Fleance killed,</p>
-<p class='line0'>For Fleance fled. Men must not walk too late.</p>
-<p class='line0'>Who cannot want the thought, how monstrous</p>
-<p class='line0'>It was for <a id='malc'></a>Malcolm and for Donalbain,</p>
-<p class='line0'>To kill their gracious father? damned fact!</p>
-<p class='line0'>How it did grieve Macbeth! did he not straight,</p>
-<p class='line0'>In pious rage, the two delinquents tear,</p>
-<p class='line0'>That were the slaves of drink and thralls of sleep?</p>
-<p class='line0'>Was not that nobly done? Ay, and wisely, too;</p>
-<p class='line0'>For ’twould have angered any heart alive</p>
-<p class='line0'>To hear the men deny it. etc. etc.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>ACT IV.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Scene 1st. Here we have the witches boiling their
-cauldron. It is composed of various and contradictory
-materials;</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Black spirits and white,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Red spirits and gray.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>And so truth and falsehood are mingled in the promises
-to Macbeth which immediately follow; and
-which are kept literally to the ear, but broken fatally
-to the hope.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the 2d Scene, the falsehood or ambiguity of
-<span class='it'>appearances</span> is illustrated in Lady Macduff’s complaint
-of her husband’s desertion, which she attributes
-to fear and want of love; whilst Ross exhorts
-her to confide in his fidelity and wisdom, though she
-may not be able to understand his present conduct:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;As for your husband,</p>
-<p class='line0'>He is noble, wise, judicious, and best knows</p>
-<p class='line0'>The fits o’ the season.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Of her son, she says, “Father’d he is, and yet he’s
-fatherless;” and immediately after tells him that his
-father’s dead; and, according to her understanding
-of the matter, so he was; not <span class='it'>literally</span> but <span class='it'>substantially</span>,
-as their guardian and protector. The boy
-denies it, because he does not see the appropriate
-<span class='it'>effect</span>. “If he were dead, you’d weep for him; if
-you would not, it were a good sign that I should
-quickly have a new father.” Whatever may be the
-merit of this dialogue between Lady Macduff and
-her son, in other respects it serves at least to illustrate
-the theme. The same idea of ambiguity is
-now applied to the relation between cause and effect,
-when a messenger enters, warns her of the near approach
-of danger, and urges her to fly. Her first
-exclamation is, “I have done no harm.” But she
-immediately adds,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;I remember now</p>
-<p class='line0'>I am in this earthly world, where to do harm</p>
-<p class='line0'>Is often laudable; to do good sometime</p>
-<p class='line0'>Accounted dangerous folly.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The first part of the next scene (the 3d) is wholly
-occupied with the idea of <span class='it'>ambiguous appearances</span>.
-Macduff arrives at the court of England, and tenders
-his services to Malcolm, who, fearing that he is an
-emissary of Macbeth, mistrusts him. He plays off
-false appearances upon Macduff by slandering himself,
-thus bringing out Macduff’s true disposition. A
-doctor now enters and introduces the idea of <span class='it'>causeless
-effect</span>, telling how the king, with a mere touch,
-has healed the “evil.” Ross, having just arrived
-from Scotland, describes the dreadful state of the
-country, dwelling chiefly on the circumstance that
-the people have become so <span class='it'>used</span> to horrors, that they
-have almost ceased to note them. He tells Macduff
-that his wife and children are “well,” purposely
-using an ambiguous phrase, which Macduff understands
-literally, though Ross means that they are at
-peace in their graves. When at length he comes to
-reveal the truth, he begs Macduff not to confound the
-<span class='it'>relator</span> with the <span class='it'>author</span> of the mischief. “Let not
-your ears despise my tongue forever,” etc. Then
-tells him that his wife and children have been
-savagely slaughtered; whereupon Macduff pulls his
-hat upon his brows, and Malcolm begs him to “give
-sorrow words”—distinguishing justly between the
-clamorous <span class='it'>show</span> of grief and its silent <span class='it'>reality</span>. The
-<span class='it'>substance</span> of Ross’s words have struck Macduff, but
-in the agony of the moment he cannot comprehend
-their <span class='it'>detail</span>. “My wife killed, too;” “Did you say
-all?” He has not caught the <span class='it'>form</span> of the expression
-though its <span class='it'>spirit</span> has pierced his soul. There are
-few passages in Shakspeare more affecting than this,
-or in which the “ground-idea” is more steadily kept
-in view.</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>O, I could play the woman with mine eyes,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And braggart with my tongue,</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>exclaims Macduff; but he refrains from all <span class='it'>show</span> of
-grief, and all <span class='it'>profession</span> of courage, and prays
-Heaven only to bring the fiend of Scotland and himself
-“front to front.”</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>ACT V.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the first scene of this act the <span class='it'>apparent</span> and the
-<span class='it'>real</span> are inexplicably mingled together. Lady Macbeth
-“receives, at once, the benefit of sleep, and
-does the effects of watching,” which the doctor
-pronounces “a great perturbation in nature.” Her
-eyes are open, but their <span class='it'>sense</span> is shut; and she <span class='it'>seems</span>
-to wash her hands. Though she is now under the
-dominion of an awakened conscience, the <span class='it'>formality</span>
-of her nature still displays itself. “Fie, my lord,
-fie!” she exclaims, “a soldier, and afeard? <span class='it'>What
-need we fear who knows it, when none can call our
-power to account?</span>” The Doctor, however, is
-cautious about drawing conclusions even from <span class='it'>such</span>
-appearances, and remarks that he has known those
-which have walked in their sleep, who have died
-holily in their beds. The reader will readily perceive
-other illustrations of the theme in this scene,
-in which for the first time Lady Macbeth appears
-stripped of the mask of ceremony. We are permitted
-to see the workings of her mind, and the beating of
-her heart, when her conscience is emancipated from
-the control of her formal habits and her stern will.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The next scene, which is a very short one, contains
-several allusions to the <span class='it'>unsubstantial</span> nature
-of Macbeth’s power.</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Those he commands move only in command,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Nothing in love, etc.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the 3d Scene Macbeth still relies on the promises
-of the weird sisters. He interprets the <span class='it'>look</span> of
-the “cream-faced loon” as indicative of alarming
-news; and then falls into that memorable train of
-reflection on his “way of life,” and the <span class='it'>emptiness</span> of
-all his honors—which everybody knows by heart and
-can at once apply to the theme. In his answer to
-the Doctor, who tells him of Lady Macbeth’s “thick-coming
-fancies,” the remedies he proposes, are, it
-will be observed, adapted to the <span class='it'>unsubstantial</span> character
-of the disease; the troubles of the brain are
-to be “razed out,” and the stuffed bosom cleansed
-with “some sweet oblivious antidote.” On the other
-hand, when he asks the Doctor to “scour the English
-hence,” he suggests the use of rhubarb, or
-senna, which, indeed, at first sight, strikes one as
-very <span class='it'>appropriate</span> remedies.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the 4th Scene, the soldiers are made to hew
-down boughs in Birnam wood, in order to conceal
-their numbers; thus giving a <span class='it'>literal</span> construction to
-the language of the weird sisters.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Scene 5th. Macbeth now trusts to the strength of
-his castle, and <span class='it'>proclaims</span> his confidence by ordering
-his banners to be hung on the outward walls. When
-he hears the cry of women, he comments on the
-<span class='it'>effect of custom</span>.</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>I have almost forgot the taste of fears.</p>
-<p class='line0' style='text-align:center;'>. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;.</p>
-<p class='line0'>Direness, <span class='it'>familiar</span> to my slaughterous thoughts,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Can not once start.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>When told of the queen’s death, he says it is <span class='it'>unseasonable</span>:
-“she should have died hereafter;” and
-his reflections on life have the same relation to
-the theme as those on his “way of life” in Scene 3d.</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;It is a tale</p>
-<p class='line0'>Told by an idiot, <span class='it'>full of sound and fury</span>,</p>
-<p class='line0'><span class='it'>Signifying nothing</span>.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>He is now told that Birnam wood is coming to
-Dunsinane; and the rock on which he has heretofore
-stood so firmly begins to crumble beneath his feet.
-He begins to pall in resolution, and to “doubt the
-equivocation of the fiend, that <span class='it'>lies like truth</span>.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Scene 6th contains less than a dozen lines. The
-soldiers throw away their leafy screens, and show
-their true strength.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the next and last scene the remaining promise
-of the weird sisters is literally kept to the ear, but
-“broken to the hope”—for it turns out that Macduff
-was <span class='it'>not</span> of woman born. The force of professional
-habit appears in old Siward’s conduct on hearing of
-the death of his son. “Had he his hurts before?”
-he asks; and, being satisfied on that point, ceases
-to mourn for him. Finally, <span class='it'>ceremony</span> is employed
-by Malcolm in rewarding <span class='it'>substantial merit</span>; his
-thanes and kinsmen are created earls; and all
-other proper forms observed “in measure, time,
-and place.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The reader will readily perceive that different
-aspects of the theme predominate in the several
-stages of the play; and if these stages seem somewhat
-irregular, it must be borne in mind that the
-present division into acts and scenes was not the
-work of Shakspeare, but of his editors.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In Macbeth we see a perpetual conflict between
-the <span class='it'>real</span> nature of man, and the <span class='it'>assumed</span> character
-of the usurper. He is “full o’ the milk of human
-kindness;” loves truth and sincerity; and sets a high
-value on the good opinions and the sincere friendship
-of others. But he is also ambitious; he is urged forward
-by the demoniac spirit of his wife, and entangled
-in the snare of the weird sisters. Under
-these influences he endeavors to play the part of a
-remorseless tyrant; but his kindlier nature is constantly
-breaking out; and though he strives so hard
-to maintain his <span class='it'>assumed</span> character, that he at length
-refuses to “scan” his deeds until they have been
-“acted,” yet we find him in the height of his power
-mournfully regretting his own blood-guiltiness, and
-the <span class='it'>hollow-heartedness</span> of all around him.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But there is nothing of this <span class='it'>spirituality</span> in the
-character of Lady Macbeth. Her ambition is satisfied
-with the <span class='it'>name</span> of queen, and she cares not
-whether the obedience of her followers is constrained
-or voluntary, whether their love is feigned or real.
-Remorse has no power over her except when she
-is asleep; and even old Shylock—whose whole character,
-as has been well said, is a <span class='it'>dead letter</span>—might,
-perhaps, betray similar emotions, if one could see
-him thus off his guard.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>If the reader of this play should ever be tempted
-to the commission of crime for the sake of ambition,
-let him remember the air-drawn dagger, and the
-ghost of Banquo; if in danger of being seduced by
-the specious appearance of vice, let him remember
-the equivocation of the fiends; if lured by the hope
-that success will gild o’er the offense and “trammel
-up the consequence,” let him think of Macbeth’s
-withered heart after he had won the crown and
-sceptre; and finally, if he imagine that he can so
-school his passions and harden his nature that remorse
-will have no power over him, let him contemplate
-Lady Macbeth walking in her sleep. Whereever
-he turns, he will find, in all the incidents of
-this play, the same great lesson, that “the letter
-killeth, but the spirit giveth life.”</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk103'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='142' id='Page_142'></span><h1><a id='ode'></a>ODE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY R. H. STODDARD.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The days are growing chill, the Summer stands</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Drooping, like Niobe with clasped hands,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Mute o’er the faded flowers, her children lost,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Slain by the arrows of the early frost!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The clouded Heaven above is pale and gray,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;The misty Earth below is wan and drear,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And baying Winds chase all the leaves away,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;As cruel hounds pursue the trembling deer,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And in the nipping morns, the ice around,</p>
-<p class='line'>Lieth like Autumn’s gage defiant on the ground!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;My heart is sick within me, I have toiled</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;In iron poverty and hopeless tears,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Tugging in fetters at the oar for years;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And wrestling in the ring of Life have soiled</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;My robes with dust, and strained my sinews sore;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I have no strength to struggle any more!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And what if I should perish?—none would miss</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;So strange a dreamer in a world like this—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Whate’er our beauty, worth, or loving powers,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;We live, we strive, we die, and are forgot;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;We are no more regarded than the flowers;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;And death and darkness is our destined lot!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;One bud from off the tree of Earth is naught,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;One crude fruit from the ripening bough of Thought,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The hinds will ne’er lament, in harvest-time,</p>
-<p class='line'>The bud, the fruit that fell and wasted in its prime!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Away with Action! ’tis the ban of Time,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;The curse that clung to us from Eden’s gate;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;We toil, and strain and tug from youth’s fair prime,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;And drag a chain for years, a weary weight!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Away with Action and Laborious Life;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;They were not made for man,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;In Nature’s plan,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For man is made for quiet, not for strife.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The pearl is shaped serenely in its shell</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;In the still waters of the ocean deep;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The buried seed begins to pulp and swell</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;In Earth’s warm bosom in profoundest sleep;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And, sweeter far than all, the bridal rose</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Flushes to fullness in a soft repose.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Let others gather honey in the world,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;And hoard it in their cells until they die;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;I am content in dreaminess to lie,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Sipping, in summer hours,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;My wants from fading flowers,</p>
-<p class='line'>An Epicurean till my wings are furled!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;What happy hours! what happy, happy days</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;I spent when I was young, a careless boy;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Oblivious of the world—its wo or joy—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I lived for song, and dreamed of budding bays!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I thought when I was dead, if not before—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;(I hoped before!)—to have a noble name</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;To leave my eager foot-prints on the shore</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;And rear my statue in the halls of Fame!—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I pondered o’er the Poets dead of old,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Their memories living in the minds of men;—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I knew they were but men of mortal mould,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;They won their crowns, and I might win again.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I drank delicious vintage from their pages,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Flasks of Parnassian nectar, stored for ages;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;My soul was flushed within me, maddened, fired,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I leaped impassioned, like a seer inspired;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I lived, and would have died for Poesy,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;In youth’s divine emotion—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;A stream that sought its ocean;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;A Time that longed to be</p>
-<p class='line'>Engulfed, and swallowed in a calm Eternity!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Had I a realm in some enchanted zone,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Some fadeless summer-land, I’d dwell alone,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Far from the little world, luxurious, free,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And woo the dainty damsel Poesy!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I’d loll on downy couches all the day,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And dream the heavy-wingéd hours away:</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Reading my antique books, or framing songs,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Whose choiceness to an earlier age belongs,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Or else a loving maid, in gentle fear,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Would steal to me, from her pavilion near,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And kneel before me with a cup of wine,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Three centuries old, and I would sip and taste,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;With long-delaying lips a draught divine;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And, peering o’er the brim in her blue eyes</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Slow-misting, and voluptuous, she would rise,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;And stoop to me, and I would clasp her waist,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And kiss her mouth, and shake her hanging curls—</p>
-<p class='line'>And in her coy despite undo her zone of pearls!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Oh, Poesy! my spirits crownéd queen,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I would that thou couldst in the flesh be seen</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The shape of perfect loveliness thou art</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Enshrined within the chambers of my heart!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I would build thee a palace, richer far</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Than princely Aladeen’s renowned of old;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Its walls and columns of the massiest gold,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And every gem encrusting it a star!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Thy throne should be an Alp, o’ercanopied</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;With rainbows, and a shielded Moon o’erhead;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Thy coffers should o’erflow, and mock the Ind,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Whose boasted wealth would dwindle into naught</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;The rich-ored driftings of the streams of Thought</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Washed lucidly from cloven peaks of Mind!—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And I would bring to thee the daintiest things</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;That grow beneath the summer of thy wings;—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Wine from the Grecian vineyards, pressed with care,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Brimming in cups antique, and goblets rare,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And sweeter honey than the singing bees</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Of Helios ever gathered on the leas</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Olympian, distilled from asphodels,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Whose lucent nectar truckles from their cells!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And luscious fruitage of enchanted trees,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The peerless apples of the Hesperides,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Stolen by Fancy from the guardant Fates,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Served, by a Nubian slave, on golden plates!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And I would hang around thee day and night,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Nor ever heed, or know the night from day;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;If Time had wings, I should not see his flight,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Or feel his shadow in my sunny way!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Forgetful of the world, I’d stand apart,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;And gaze on thee unseen, and touch my lute,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Sweet-voiced, a type and image of my heart,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Whose trembling chords will never more be mute;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And Joy and Grief would mingle in my theme,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;A swan and shadow floating down a stream!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And when thou didst in soft disdain, or mirth,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Descend thy throne and walk the common earth,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I would, in brave array, precede thee round,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;With pomp and pageantry and music sweet,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And spread my shining mantle on the ground,</p>
-<p class='line'>For fear the dust should soil thy golden-sandaled feet!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Away! away! the days are dim and cold,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The withered flowers are crumbling in the mould,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The Heaven is gray and blank, the Earth is drear,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And fallen leaves are heaped on Summer’s bier!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Sweet songs are out of place, however sweet,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;When all things else are wrapt in funeral gloom,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;True Poets never pipe to dancing feet,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;But only elegies around a tomb!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Away with fancy now, the Year demands</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;A sterner chaplet, and a deeper lay,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;A wreath of cypress woven with pious hands,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;A dirge for its decay!</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk104'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='143' id='Page_143'></span><h1><a id='tomy'></a>LINES IN MEMORY OF MY LOST CHILD.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY GEORGE D. PRENTICE.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>My child! my dear, lost child! a father’s heart,</p>
-<p class='line'>Touched by the holy wand of memory,</p>
-<p class='line'>Would in this hour of loneliness and gloom,</p>
-<p class='line'>When not a sound is borne upon the air,</p>
-<p class='line'>And not a star is visible in heaven,</p>
-<p class='line'>Hold sweet communion with thy soul.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;My boy!</p>
-<p class='line'>Thou wast most beautiful. I never looked</p>
-<p class='line'>On thee but with a heart of pride. Thy curls</p>
-<p class='line'>Fell o’er a brow of angel-loveliness,</p>
-<p class='line'>And thy dark eyes, dark as the midnight cloud,</p>
-<p class='line'>And soft as twilight waters, flashed and glowed</p>
-<p class='line'>In strange, wild beauty, yet thy tears were far</p>
-<p class='line'>More frequent than thy smiles—thy wail of pain</p>
-<p class='line'>Came oftener on our hearts than thy dear cry</p>
-<p class='line'>Of infant joyousness. Thy few brief months</p>
-<p class='line'>Were months of suffering; ay, thy cup of life</p>
-<p class='line'>Was bitter, bitter, but thou wast not doomed</p>
-<p class='line'>To drain it, for a God of mercy soon</p>
-<p class='line'>Let it pass from thee.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Oh! how well, my child,</p>
-<p class='line'>Do I remember that all mournful day,</p>
-<p class='line'>When thy young mother bore thy wasting form,</p>
-<p class='line'>With breaking heart and streaming eyes, afar,</p>
-<p class='line'>In the vain hope to save the dear young life</p>
-<p class='line'>To which the tendrils of her own were bound.</p>
-<p class='line'>With one wild pressure of thy little form</p>
-<p class='line'>To my sad bosom, with a frantic kiss</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon thy pallid lips, and a hot tear</p>
-<p class='line'>Wrung from a burning brain, I said farewell—</p>
-<p class='line'>Alas! my child, I never saw thee more.</p>
-<p class='line'>In a strange land, far from thy own dear home,</p>
-<p class='line'>But with the holy ministries of love</p>
-<p class='line'>Around thy couch, thy little being passed,</p>
-<p class='line'>Like the sweet perfume of a bright young rose,</p>
-<p class='line'>To mingle with the skies from whence it came.</p>
-<p class='line'>Oh! in that hour, my child, thy lost of earth,</p>
-<p class='line'>Did not a thought of thy poor father’s love</p>
-<p class='line'>Soften the anguish of thy parting soul,</p>
-<p class='line'>And were not thy dear little arms outstretched</p>
-<p class='line'>To meet his fond caress!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Thou sleepest, child,</p>
-<p class='line'>Where the Missouri rolls its wild, dark waves,</p>
-<p class='line'>And I have never gazed upon thy grave.</p>
-<p class='line'>No tears of deep affection ever blend</p>
-<p class='line'>With the soft dews and gentle rains that fall</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon the turf that lies above thy breast;</p>
-<p class='line'>But, oh! the spot is hallowed. There the Spring,</p>
-<p class='line'>The bright Spring, yearly throws her loveliest wreaths</p>
-<p class='line'>Of buds and blossoms—there, at morn and eve,</p>
-<p class='line'>The viewless spirit of the zephyr breathes</p>
-<p class='line'>Its holiest whispers in the springing grass</p>
-<p class='line'>As if communing with thee—there the birds</p>
-<p class='line'>Glance through the air like winged souls, and pour</p>
-<p class='line'>Their sweet, unearthly melodies—and there</p>
-<p class='line'>At the soft twilight hour young angels come</p>
-<p class='line'>To hover o’er the spot on silver wings,</p>
-<p class='line'>And mark it with their shining foot-prints.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Thou</p>
-<p class='line'>Art gone, my child—a sweet and holy bud</p>
-<p class='line'>Is shaken from the rose-tree of our hopes;</p>
-<p class='line'>But yet we should not mourn. ’Tis joy to know</p>
-<p class='line'>That thou hast gone in thy young innocence</p>
-<p class='line'>And purity and beauty from a dark,</p>
-<p class='line'>Ungentle world, where many snares beset</p>
-<p class='line'>The path of manhood. Ay, ’tis joy to know</p>
-<p class='line'>That the Eolian lyre of thy young soul</p>
-<p class='line'>Gives out its music in the Eden clime,</p>
-<p class='line'>Unvisited by earth’s cold, bitter winds,</p>
-<p class='line'>Its poison-dews, its fogs, its winter rains,</p>
-<p class='line'>Its tempests and its lightnings.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;My sweet child,</p>
-<p class='line'>Thou art no more a blossom of the earth,</p>
-<p class='line'>But, oh! the thought of thee is yet a spell</p>
-<p class='line'>On our sad spirits. ’Tis a lovely flower</p>
-<p class='line'>On memory’s lonely stream, a holy star</p>
-<p class='line'>In retrospection’s sky, a rainbow-gleam</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon the tempest-clouds of life. Our hearts,</p>
-<p class='line'>Our stricken hearts, lean to thee, love, and thus</p>
-<p class='line'>They lean to heaven, for thou art there. Yes, thou</p>
-<p class='line'>And thy young sister are in heaven, while we</p>
-<p class='line'>Are lingering on the earth’s cold desert. Come,</p>
-<p class='line'>Ye two sweet cherubs of God’s Paradise,</p>
-<p class='line'>Who wander side by side, and hand in hand,</p>
-<p class='line'>Among the Amaranthine flowers that bloom</p>
-<p class='line'>Beside the living waters—come, oh come,</p>
-<p class='line'>Sometimes upon your bright and snowy wings,</p>
-<p class='line'>In the deep watches of the silent night,</p>
-<p class='line'>And breathe into our souls the holy words</p>
-<p class='line'>That ye have heard the angels speak in heaven.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk105'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='144' id='Page_144'></span><h1><a id='pedro'></a><span class='bold'>PEDRO DE PADILH.</span></h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY J. M. LEGARE.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:1em;'>(<span class='it'>Continued from page 97.</span>)</p>
-
-<table id='tab3' summary='' class='left'>
-<colgroup>
-<col span='1' style='width: 10em;'/>
-<col span='1' style='width: 1em;'/>
-</colgroup>
-<tr><td class='tab3c1 tdStyle0'><span class='sc'>Spain, and Tercera.</span></td><td class='tab3c2 tdStyle0'>}</td></tr>
-<tr><td class='tab3c1 tdStyle0'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;AD. 1583.</td><td class='tab3c2 tdStyle0'>}</td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class='pindent'>If the weekly mails brought me the Spirit of the
-Times instead of the Literary World, or in other
-words, I inclined to a sporting habit of speech, I
-would “lay an even wager” that not one of Graham’s
-readers has formed a correct idea of the personal
-appearance of Hilo de Ladron, from the foregoing
-account of that unscrupulous young gentleman’s
-proceedings. I say nothing of his morals,
-but refer merely to the harmony between features
-and character which Nature tries hard, and generally
-with success, to maintain, and which constitutes
-the main prop of the science of physiognomy.
-But no lawgiver allows more frequent exceptions to
-established rules than Nature; and thus, instead of
-being slouchy and red-haired, or big-whiskered and
-ferocious, Señor de Ladron, seated on the bows of
-one of De Chaste’s caravels, full sail for Tercera, belied
-his ill-name by the delicate beauty of his face
-and person. I use the word beauty, because his
-straight features, smooth skin and well-shaped hands,
-were feminine properties not usually looked for in
-male attire, and in company such as the owner was
-keeping. The French men-at-arms were well
-enough, but I would not fancy sleeping a night in the
-room with the thick-set Walloon standing next;
-people with such faces, coarse, crafty about the eyes
-and treacherous at the mouth—by the way, his laugh,
-always of an evil sort, was twofold, from a seam in
-the upper lip reaching half-way up the cheek, and
-exposing the teeth and gums at every contraction of
-the muscles thereabouts—should be called by names
-to correspond, and this man’s, Wolfang, showed remarkable
-foresight in his parents or sponsors. This
-face, which had not its duplicate any where in ill-looks,
-would be recognizable as that of an old acquaintance,
-if muffling, and false-hair and whiskers,
-frequently changed while begging an alms of Doña
-Hermosa, had not destroyed all identity with his
-natural features as now seen, for Wolfang was one
-with the free-captain who lived at the expense of
-that estimable if injudicious lady, until Don Peter
-turned him loose upon the world again. It was reasonable,
-under the circumstances, he should bear no
-great love for the truth-loving knight, and it was
-probably this feeling in common, accidentally communicated,
-which had first drawn Hilo and himself
-together. Don Hilo having inherited most of his
-father’s hate to the latter’s half-brother; not that he
-could lay claim to much personal cause for antipathy,
-having seen Sir Pedro but twice in his life, and
-one of those when little more than an infant, but it
-came quite easy to this chip-of-the-block to bear
-malice. With some grains of redeeming quality, it
-must be allowed, for he was not wanting in that sort
-of curious courtesy, common to all Spaniards I believe,
-which makes taking off his hat with a <span class='it'>buènos
-nòches</span> imperative on the very man who carries his
-hand from his sombrero to his dagger, to plunge the
-last under your shoulder blade the moment your
-back is turned. Friendship, in its usual acceptation,
-had little to do with the league existing between
-these worthies, and no small amount of self-interest
-must have been requisite to keep two such sweet
-dispositions from open rupture; however, they contrived
-to get along well enough, by each playing a
-part designed to dupe the other, although, with less
-success perhaps than the self esteem of each caused
-him to imagine. Capt. Carlo, ready, cunning in
-counsel, and cringing like a tiger ready to seize his
-keeper’s hand in his jaws, but fearing the short Roman
-sword in its clutch, followed the guidance of
-his junior, half through a brute instinct of inferiority,
-of which he himself was ignorant, and half for the
-furtherance of certain plans of his own, which will
-appear at intervals upon the surface of this narrative;
-but on the whole the pair were not ill-matched,
-their main characteristics uniting harmoniously
-enough, by a rule which more resembles dove-tailing
-in carpentry, than welding in iron-work, the
-joint being tight and fast so long as force is applied
-in one way, but easily dislocated by a lateral blow.
-Thus Wolfang scoffed at every thing holy or otherwise,
-seldom neglected a chance of shedding blood,
-when not withheld by manifest interest or personal
-risk; for the fellow was a coward in the depth of
-his heart, just as any other savage beast is, frightened
-by a parasol flirted in a child’s hand, but leaping
-unhesitatingly upon an unwary man, and in his
-thirst for gain, played any part however vile by
-which a <span class='it'>maravedi</span> might be dishonestly got. Don
-Hilo, to give the scapegrace his due, was murderous
-only in the heat of passion, and somewhat overawed
-his profane comrade by the resolute devotion he
-chose to entertain for certain saints in succession, it
-being a freak of his to hold in disgrace or honor, as
-the case might be, the celestial patron invoked prior
-to his last piece of rascality. Moreover the lad had
-the indefinable sense of pride, much as he lacked
-cause, which, I verily believe, constitutes the third
-element of Spanish blood and gives a dignified fold
-even to the dirty serape of the Mexican half-breed;
-and this pride kept his fingers from small pilferings
-if not from wholesale swindling; a turn of virtue
-which must have afforded high satisfaction to a certain
-alert fosterer of little errors, who has never been
-slow to avail himself of the like since the time of
-Adam and Eden. Even in general quickness of
-temper there was difference in kind, that of Capt.
-Carlo settling commonly into a smouldering fire
-incapable of being extinguished by any kindness
-whatever, and blown by the breath of opportunity
-into an instant flame; while Hilo’s, on the contrary,
-more dangerous and violent at <a id='its2'></a>its outbreak, was
-often succeeded by a reckless sort of recompense
-for injury done, which showed the boy had something
-of a soul left in his handsome carcase; but I
-am constrained to say as a set-off to this tolerable
-trait, it was only when the hurt or insult was
-avenged to his mind, a better spirit possessed him,
-for, if baffled at first, the aggriever had need to do as
-Bruce did, lose his trail in a running water.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>I like to gossip confidentially now and then about
-matters which indirectly affect my characters, and
-so don’t mind mentioning a circumstance or two occurring
-in the early acquaintance of Capt. Carlo and
-Señor De Ladron, not noticed by historians of the
-time. The captain, it seems, after relinquishing in
-a highly praiseworthy manner, his annuity drawn
-from the unconscious countess, when no longer able
-to retain it, betook himself to the capital, where,
-falling in with the señor, the two soon came to understand
-each other’s projects, so far as it was good for
-either to do. Hilo made no secret of his hate for
-Doña Viola, whom he regarded as an incumbrance
-and interloper, but for whom he would long since
-have received an estate of more doubloons’ worth
-than he had ever possessed cobrès. The joint sagacity
-of the fathers and their notaries having been
-exhausted in drawing up a contract so stringent that
-nothing short of total forfeiture of the twin estates
-to the benefit of one of the infant parties, could release
-the other. No one knew what bond of union
-existed between the worse than dissolute half-brother
-of Sir Pedro, and so honorable a knight as Inique,
-but the contract stood fast on parchment, and the admirable
-wisdom of its conditions was shown in due
-season, when Viola, living at ease in her father’s
-house, grew up with a love amounting to mania for
-the handsome cavalier she regarded as her rightful
-husband, and whose vices she knew little of, until
-any thing like a just estimate of their enormity had
-become impossible to her biased mind. On the
-other side, Hilo, cursing in his heart Inique and his
-worthy father as founders of the scheme which his
-magnificent pride prevented his profiting by, even
-with the temptation of a twofold fortune attached,
-because it took the form of compulsory action in an
-affair it suited his humor to decide for himself, ransacked
-his brain to drive into outraged vindication of
-her woman’s dignity the innocent girl who stood between
-him and his claim. The poor little thing,
-without proper guidance or information in her own
-concerns, surmised nothing of the true state of the
-case, but affectionate and trustful to a fault, continued
-to love the young roué, long after his dislike
-found stronger expression than in words, with a
-docile patience and hopefulness for his reform, capable
-of touching any heart less villainous at the
-core. For the girl was no fool, I would have it
-clearly understood, weak as her affection for this
-Hilo might argue her; error in judgment, to which
-we are all subject, not necessarily indicating habitual
-silliness, least of all in one circumstanced as Doña
-Viola. This helpless child our worthy pair found it
-to their mutual interest to persecute, or fancied it so,
-and played very readily into each other’s hands; for
-Capt. Carlo had got it into his ugly head that such a
-prize (he was thinking of her money) was fitter for
-a manly-looking fellow like himself, with a beard
-to rub a soft cheek against, than for a stick of a lad
-whose weakly mustache broke the back-bone of the
-oaths he swore through it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This was the wording of the meditation which occupied
-Don Wolfang’s brain while on his way to
-make himself known to his intended wife; not that
-Hilo would have refused his friend an introduction,
-he would have been only too gratified to present a
-Hottentot, if by so doing he could have caused her
-a pang of shame; but the captain, acting with unusual
-caution, chose to be independent of his hot-headed
-associate, perhaps fearing the latter might insist upon
-more than his legal share of the spoils, or from a
-natural aversion to working, except in the dark.
-Whatever his reasons, its cool impudence tempts me
-from my resolution of only hinting at these villainies,
-to give some account of the proceeding.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>One night the house of Doña Viola was attacked
-by a gang of robbers, who, having no fear of police
-before their eyes in Philip the Second’s time, seemed
-every moment on the point of breaking in. Within
-was neither garrison nor protector worth the name,
-for the virtuous duenna, who was the young lady’s
-present guardian and companion, only rocked herself
-to and fro in a garment more snowy than becoming,
-and lamented her hard (approaching) fate with such
-heartfelt <span class='it'>ay-de-mì’s</span>, that it was evident nothing but
-the hope of ultimate rescue prevented her false hair
-(in which, for better self-deception, she slept) being
-plucked out by the roots. Moreover, the butler was
-busied in secreting the family plate, and a few little
-properties of his own, and the men-servants, with
-Spanish devotion, found occupation enough in quieting
-the maids and supplicating the saints; no doubt
-they would have fought, too, the race being noted
-for pluck—but there was no one to lead them on.
-At this opportune moment, who should appear before
-the terror-stricken ladies but Capt. Wolfang Carlo,
-all ruffles, ribbon-knots and rings, like a gay cavalier
-returning from some late merry-making, flying sword-in-hand
-to the rescue of besieged innocence. How
-he got in was a mystery; I suppose by dint of valor,
-for, as the number of the assailants was diminished
-by one on his entrance, it is more than likely one at
-least of the robbers was run through the body by this
-paladin, and the breach the former made turned to
-account by the latter.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>When the party outside had been routed, which
-was accomplished immediately on the captain’s
-sallying forth at the head of the revived household,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Sir,” said Doña Viola, to the disinterested hero
-who stood regarding her with a smile, as one should
-say, “look at me! Danger cannot shake my nerves:
-I am quite in my clement in it; it is just such a
-protector you need,” but which reminded for all that
-of the supple waving of a cat’s tail just before the
-animal springs. “Sir, if my father, Don Augustino,
-were present, he would know better how to thank
-you than I.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh,” interrupted her deliverer, with more truth
-than was common in his speech, and bowing low,
-partly because he designed to be exceedingly polite,
-and partly to hide his rectangular grin, “I am delighted
-to find he is not, Doña Viola.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I understand your noble motives, señor, and by
-your calling me by name, you probably know Señor
-Inique also.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Intimately,” said the unblushing vagabond; “we
-were comrades in arms against the Moors in the last
-war; and but that my mother’s being a Portuguese
-induces a reasonable distaste to waging war on one’s
-own kindred, we would have been lying side by side
-in Portugal, at this very hour. We disagree, perhaps,
-in this little matter, but there is no ill-feeling between
-us; and you may imagine, señora, the haste I
-made to snatch my distinguished friend’s daughter
-from such pressing danger.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Señor,” cried the lady at this, simply, “the
-house and all it contains is yours. (Capt. Carlo
-wished it was.) Command me; you have only to
-make known your wishes.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Saying this, she left the room to order refreshments
-for her guest. Don Wolfang, in high feather
-at his success, and looking upon a part of the Doña’s
-property as his own in right of salvage, which saved
-any scruples arising in his tender conscience, pocketed
-a few valuables lying about, and assumed the
-bearing of a Rico, occupying four chairs with his
-burly person, for the better, that is, more truthful
-enactment of the character in hand. In which easy
-attitude he lolled until the tray, with its choice eatables,
-arrived; and it was while on the point of putting
-into his mouth a pâté-de-fois-gras (I use the word
-generally, as designating something good; but did
-you ever hear Dr. C. talk of <span class='it'>real</span> pâtés) that—</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But what happened I must begin in a different
-manner to relate, or the moral of this episode will
-be lost.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>I have said Doña Viola was no fool, and here I
-intend bringing forward proof of my position. No
-one would have supposed any thing like nerve existed
-in so delicate a creature, unless they had seen
-her descending the stairs with a light in one hand,
-and a great sword, too stiff for her to draw, in the
-other, to rally the servants, while that timid old soul,
-her duenna, was creeping under the bed above as
-fast as a sudden weakness in her ancient knees would
-allow. The girl was brimfull of character, and made
-a worse impression on her first appearance, because
-fevered and crushed in spirit by the final wickedness
-of her betrothed husband, and its likely consequences;
-possibly the fever which afterward brought
-her to death’s door, had begun to show itself already
-in unnatural excitement of the brain, for it is not easy
-otherwise to reconcile the crazy eagerness she
-showed with her usual modesty.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But this is straying from the truffle-eating captain.
-Poor, simple, lamb-like captain! what could have
-induced him to pull off his leathern doublet and mask
-under the eyes of a girl not out of her teens, to
-be sure, but whose Gallician blood was all afire
-while watching from a dark window what was
-passing beneath. I am filled with pity and admiration
-for Doña Viola, when I think how, with one
-protector leagues away in Portugal, and the other
-up stairs, making her toilette to appear becoming in
-the eyes of this prince who had come to their rescue,
-she traversed the whole house, accompanied by a
-desperado whose only restraint lay in the greatness
-of his hopes dependent in part on present good conduct.
-She was a little fluttered, and ready to faint
-with fear, as any other woman short of a novel
-heroine would have been, but for all that she spoke
-so connectedly, and showed such faith in the captain’s
-will and ability to protect her, that it never
-entered his slow, Netherlandish brain, the figure before
-him was possessed of no more vitality in itself
-than an electro-magnetized body, or that she had
-noticed without start or scream his left, jetty whisker
-slip down far enough to expose the scrubby red
-growth underneath. Still less did it occur to him as
-a remote possibility, the idea of taking him, Captain
-Wolfang Carlo, fairly in the trap, could be occupying
-her head at the very moment he talked of “his
-dear friend, Don Augustino, her father;” and when
-one servant went up with the tray, a second went out
-with a summons to the Hermandad.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>So Capt. Carlo was on the point (as I have said) of
-putting a pâté into his capacious mouth, when there
-came a rapping at the street-door, such as only the
-Hermandad made, it being the custom of the holy
-brotherhood to give due notice of their arrival on
-such occasions, lest one of themselves should prove
-to be the culprit. The captain knew to a stroke
-what mercy <span class='it'>he</span> would be likely to receive if arrested,
-and alert enough when danger pressed, clapped a
-couple of goblets in his pockets, and in the same instant
-seized by the throat the tray-bearer, (who had
-his hand already on the latch,) so that the poor
-simpleton had not breath enough in his body to
-whisper, when his assailant threw him into the
-corner limp as a bundle of rags.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The former had not perambulated the house without
-using his eyes, and knew the shortest way to the
-leads, where he dodged the Hermandad until an opportunity
-presented itself for making good his descent,
-the citizen police probably being not wide awake at
-two o’clock in the morning.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>That estimable youth, Hilo, was highly amused
-when the adventure reached his ears, and in his
-customary reckless speech gave his Flemish associate
-to understand he was not wise beyond his
-years, and had quite overshot his aim by too much
-caution; nothing could have caused himself more
-pleasure than to be rid of that (what I don’t choose
-to write in Spanish or English,) who had cheated
-him out of his estate by her artful behavior. And
-he would not mind settling a round sum out of the
-to be recovered fortune on Wolfang, provided he
-could contrive to enter the house a second time,
-without so much useless stir; but our prudent friend
-had the Hermandad in too vivid remembrance, and
-excused himself, suggesting, however, a scheme no
-less rascally, which all readers of this true history
-know already to have been carried out to its full
-extent.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>To return to the caravel; some one was talking of
-Neptune.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“What a clatter about your Neptune,” cried a
-soldier, peevishly, “I wish I’d never heard the
-name, and had stayed where I was. Here we are
-pitched from one storm into another, and land just in
-sight. I’m sick of it.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“La casa quemada, acudir con el agua!” put in
-Hilo, who was swinging his legs over the bowsprit,
-and did not trouble himself to take his eyes from the
-blue land ahead.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“What does he say?” demanded the Frenchman,
-eagerly, looking suspiciously about.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“He says your house is burnt, and you run for the
-water,” exclaimed Wolfang, with a short chuckle.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ha!” retorted the other, setting down a steel
-cap he was polishing, to gesticulate and call attention
-to Hilo with his forefinger. “Look here, comrades,
-here’s a man to talk to another as if he had
-never made any blunders he would like to take back.
-But this kind of talking behind you, is the way with
-all these cowardly Spaniards.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Hilo turned his head just sufficiently to send a
-glance at the irascible speaker from his wicked
-black eyes. “Take care!” it said.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Take care!” repeated the Netherlander, warningly,
-this time translating the look. “You’re a
-born fool, Jean, to tempt the devil in him.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Fool!” cried Jean. “Who meddled with him
-first? He kicked my casque out of his way yesterday,
-and set me to work cleaning and straightening
-it out this morning. As to running for water when
-it’s too late, he’ll think so too some day when
-Señor Inique catches him, and he gets down on his
-knees to beg for life, or the Marquis of Villenos’s
-friends corner him. He needn’t think he’s thought
-less a villain by us Frenchmen than by his own
-countryfolks.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Here the man-at-arms stopped to take breath and
-glower at Señor De Ladron, who lifting in his feet,
-walked coolly over, opposite the first, saying, with
-a smile on his face, “Come, come, there is no use
-in comrades quarreling. Do you suppose I knew it
-was your casque? Give me your hand, and let’s
-make it up.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The soldier looked down distrustfully at his slight
-enemy, but not being able to make up his mind what
-to do at this unexpected proposal, hesitatingly laid
-his broad palm in Hilo’s.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That’s as it should be,” said a shrunken little
-cannonier, perched on his gun. “Hey! I remember
-how we shook hands all round at St. German-en-Laye.
-You see, we had been fighting like mad at
-Montcontour, and when one cools it isn’t pleasant
-to think you’ve knocked on the head your old chum
-at bird-nesting, and the like, only because he differs
-from you a little when grown up.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“So you fetch water!” interrupted Hilo, mockingly,
-half to the speaker and half to Jean, whose
-fingers suddenly wrenched back forced him to stamp
-and foam with rage and pain while struggling to
-loosen the iron hold of the speaker.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Sacrè! Devil!” he stammered, “let go; my
-wrist is out of joint.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It will be worse for you if you don’t recant,”
-muttered our Don, speaking faster than before, and
-holding a dagger to the side of his throat.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Stop!” cried two or three men-at-arms, springing
-up, “that is not fair play. We are Frenchmen,
-not cut-throats, here.” Capt. Carlo merely grinned
-in his usual agreeable fashion.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Don’t bite!” cried Hilo fiercely to his prisoner,
-drawing back his hand to strike. And, perhaps, as
-that amiable young gentleman was in no wise particular
-in such matters, and took no heed of the interruption,
-Hilo’s hand might have been the last bit
-of flesh held between the Frenchman’s teeth for evermore,
-(as the raven would say.) But the officer on
-duty came down the deck at this crisis, demanding
-the cause of the disturbance.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ha! <span class='it'>you</span>, sir?” he cried, directly he caught
-sight of the chief actor, as if he might have guessed
-as much. “I order you under arrest. Give up your
-dagger.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Señor de Ladron faced his superior with an audacious
-smile, saying, “You jest?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Noose that rope,” ordered the lieutenant, purple
-with fury. “Close around, men; we will hang up
-this mutineer without trial.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“’Pshaw!” answered our scapegrace, throwing
-his weapon overboard. “What a stir about a trifle,
-Señor mine. Better do this than hang.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>So Don Hilo de Ladron, when the island of Tercera
-lay close under the bows of the fleet, sat in the
-hold with irons around his ankles, and there probably
-would have remained, in obscurity, until the
-vessel returned to France, had not his fast friend, the
-captain, contrived to say a word or two to Commander
-De Chaste in person, while that brave
-knight was reviewing his forces on shipboard preparatory
-to landing.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Who are you?” asked the commander, looking
-from a bit of paper he now twisted between his
-fingers to the bearer. “I have seen your face before.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Your excellency must be mistaken,” returned the
-unblushing Wolfang, who nevertheless remembered
-perfectly the gold piece the knight once put in the
-mouth of a holy war soldier without arms or feet, if
-appearances were true.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well,” interrupted De Chaste, “this scrawl tells
-me your friend was not materially to blame in the
-affair, his honor being concerned in repelling the
-charges.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“True to a letter,” replied Wolfang, bowing low,
-as usual, to hide his unprepossessing grin. “Besides,
-the officer on duty owed the poor young gentleman
-a grudge.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That has nothing to do with it, sir. A man’s
-honor is his best possession, and needs unsleeping
-guardianship; but this taking its vindication into his
-own hands, must not be allowed in the service.
-However, the error is one on the side of right, and
-let him behave well in the field and we will pass
-over his indiscretion. We want every brave man
-we can get,” he added, turning to one of his officers.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But, M. de Commandant,” objected the gentleman
-addressed, “is it likely a renegade like this
-fellow should prove a good soldier, or even be really
-possessed of ordinary honor!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“How!” cried De Chaste, quickly. “I did not
-think the ranks of our little army contained any
-such. Is he a Spaniard, M. de Haye?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes, and guilty of every manner of crime.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ha! Well, he must remain as he is until we
-find time to look into his case. How is it, Mr.
-What’s-your-name, Carlo, you suppressed his place
-of birth?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“His mother was a French lady, Monseigneur,
-and fighting for one’s mother country is as good, any
-day, as fighting for a father’s.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“True, in a measure, sir,” returned the knight.
-“What’s the prisoner’s name?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Hilo de Ladron.” This was said in no unusual
-tone, yet it seemed singularly to catch the commander’s
-attention, for he eyed the speaker keenly and then
-fell into a fit of musing, which lasted while he paced
-the deck between the officers of his suite. “M. de
-Haye,” he said at last, pausing before that officer
-and looking up, “you may be mistaken in your
-charges. They are grave ones and should be advanced
-when they can be examined at leisure, not at
-a hurried moment like this. I have need of every
-man in our too feeble squadron, and will take it upon
-myself to entrust the restoration of his character to
-M. de Ladron himself for the present.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The gentleman addressed bowed, shrugged his
-shoulders, as well as a Frenchman could in a steel
-cuirass, and there the matter dropped.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Hilo laughed when the captain told him the favorable
-result of his application, and professed equal
-curiosity as to the commander’s motives—professions
-which honest Wolfang received as attempts to
-impose on his credulity—(he was probably touchy
-on the subject since his introduction to Doña Viola)—with
-less justice than usual, however, as Hilo, for a
-wonder, was telling the truth.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>About this time the Sieur Cusson returned in his
-sloop from reconnoitering the island, and his report
-being that the Spanish squadron had not yet arrived,
-the little armament of De Chaste ran gallantly into
-the harbor, and came to anchor amidst a great firing
-of cannon and arquebuses from the Portuguese, who
-liked expending powder in this way much better
-than in front of an enemy, and besides, had lived in
-such daily dread of the descent of the Spanish fleet,
-that they could not sufficiently viva their delight at
-finding out who the new comers really were. The
-Viceroy, de Torrevedros, himself, came down to the
-water side to receive the commander, and made
-such a brave appearance in his embroidered surcoat
-and gilded harness, surrounded by other cavaliers
-equally well dressed, that the Frenchmen, walking
-with unsteady legs after their twenty-four days of
-stormy weather on shipboard, and in shabby doublets,
-presented nothing very imposing in their march
-through the streets.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But if the Portuguese gentlemen, riding on either
-hand, could scarce suppress their mirth at the ill
-looks of their allies, the ladies were anxious to propitiate
-men who would prove their main defence,
-and threw down showers of all sorts of gay flowers
-from the windows and balconies; some of the young
-señoritas even meeting the procession at unexpected
-corners, and flinging orange water into the knight’s
-face, who would have been more gratified by the
-ablution (it being a hot June day) had not the thought
-of his best ruff growing limper at each sprinkling interfered
-with the enjoyment.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Better smell of gunpowder.” he said shortly, to
-a French gentleman from the court, whose nose was
-audibly expressing its delight at the fine perfume.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But the satisfaction of the Portuguese was as nothing
-compared with the joy of a few hundred
-Frenchmen, a remnant of the Strossy expedition of
-the year before, who had lost all hope of ever leaving
-the Azores again, and, having little money at the
-first, had been treated with any thing but hospitality
-by their unwilling hosts. These poor fellows mixed
-with the crowd in the streets, kept the commandant’s
-company in sight, and running into the quarters
-assigned the latter, met them with such antics
-and embraces as caused the Gallic army to suppose
-at first that they had fallen into an ambuscade of
-madmen. Their two captains gave De Chaste a
-full narration of their sufferings, which was impartial
-in the main, and tended very little to elevate the
-Portuguese residents in the eyes of their audience,
-whose fancy for that people was not great from the
-beginning.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Sirs,” replied the commandant at the end, with
-his customary high-toned suavity, looking around
-him, “we must only remember this is done at
-the will of our queen, and act as loyal gentlemen
-should. For my part, I will be content with brown
-bread and water and living in the open air, as we
-are all accustomed to, to have the satisfaction of defeating
-the landing of so good a soldier as the Marquis
-of Santa-Cruz, and to-morrow I will examine in
-person the accessible points of the island, which are
-only three in number.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Three!” cried Capt. Baptista, an Italian, one of
-the Strossy fugitives, “there are thirty! He must
-have been a rank liar, who told you so, M. le Commandant.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That can hardly be,” returned De Chaste, gravely,
-“for it was the king of Portugal himself who
-gave the information.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, if it comes to that one had best bite his
-tongue,” grumbled the Italian to De Haye, who
-stood next him. “But a parrot’s word is no better
-than a magpie’s, and so our general will find out.”</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:right;margin-right:3em;margin-top:0.5em;'><a id='tobe'></a>[<span class='it'>To be continued.</span></p>
-
-<hr class='tbk106'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='149' id='Page_149'></span><h1><a id='visit'></a>A VISIT TO STATEN ISLAND.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY MRS. L. H. SIGOURNEY.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>I have always had an especial fondness for islands.
-When, in earlier days, Fancy fashioned some favorite
-abode, it was often in the aspiration of Moore, “Oh!
-had we some green little Isle of our own!” I am
-inclined to think there is something in Nature to
-sanction this preference. Perhaps the safety of an
-insular situation from border inroad, and the wild
-foray, might have given it pre-eminence in feudal
-or barbarous times. A strange illusion seemed to
-linger around it, in days of yore: “We, islanders,”
-said Camden, “are lunares—or the moon’s men.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The tuneful king of Israel considered the praise of
-the Creator incomplete, until “the multitude of the
-Isles,” should swell that chorus. The islands are
-required to “keep silence,” when an eloquent prophet
-was about to declare a message from Jehovah.
-The apostle, to whom the dread future unveiled itself,
-“was in the island that is called Patmos,”
-when he saw in <a id='avis'></a>a vision the “the heavens wrapped
-together like a scroll, and the dead, small and great,
-stand before God.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Heathen mythology sang to her disciples of the
-“isles of the blessed.” Classic Greece fixed the
-birth-place of her deity of the seven-stringed lyre in
-wave-girdled Delphos, and bade her most beautiful
-goddess from the foam of the sea.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Modern Poetry has not forgotten to invoke the
-island-spirits. Shakspeare lifts the magic wand of
-Prospero in a strange, wild isle, full of</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“Sweet sounds and airs that give delight, and hurt not.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>He makes another less lofty character propose “to
-<a id='sow'></a>sow the kernels of a broken islet in the sea, that
-they may bring forth more islands.” The patriotism
-of Milton beheld in his own native clime, the chief
-favorite of Neptune:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;“this isle,</p>
-<p class='line0'>The greatest and the best of all the main,</p>
-<p class='line0'>He quarters to his blue-haired deities.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>The Bard of the Seasons still further glorified it,
-as the</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“Island of bliss amid the subject seas.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It is as easy as it would be tautological to multiply
-suffrages in praise of insular regions. Still less
-necessary is it to bespeak popular favor for the island
-that gives this sketch a subject and a name.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The Dutch settlers of Staten Island seem to have
-regarded it with an enthusiasm quite in contrast
-with their usual phlegmatic temperament. Scarcely
-a century after its occupation by them, the patient
-and true-hearted Huguenots came to solace the woes
-of their exile amid its sheltering shades. The armies
-of Great Britain held it in possession during the
-whole of our revolutionary contest; and even the
-indurating influences of war did not render them insensible
-to its surpassing loveliness.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In later times, the States of New York and
-New Jersey have contended for its jurisdiction
-with the warmth of lovers, and the jealousy of
-rivals. The latter approaches with extended arms,
-as if to enfold it in an earnest embrace, its bright
-shores curving closely around the coveted treasure;
-but the Empire State, upon whose waters it reposes
-“as a star on the breast of the billow,” has bound
-the gem to her bosom forever.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Yet neither the taciturn Hollander, nor the mournful
-alien from France, nor the warring Saxon, nor
-the native-born American, yearned over it with
-such intense affection as the poor red man, its earliest
-lord. He longed to rear his cone-roofed cabin
-upon its sunny slopes, and to sweep with light canoe
-into its quiet coves, as his fathers had done of old.
-Forced by his pale-faced and powerful brother to
-yield this dearest birthright, he sold for as poor a
-compensation as the hunter-patriarch, then repented,
-retracted, reclaimed, re-sold, contended, and vanished
-like the smoke-wreath among the hills that he
-loved. Still, he cast the Parthian arrow, and the
-forests where he lingered and lay in ambush were
-crimsoned with blood.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Still, his parting sigh, wreathed itself into a name
-of blessing. “<span class='it'>Monocnong</span>,” or the Enchanted
-Woods, was the epithet he bestowed upon his beloved
-and forsaken heritage. In the bitterness of
-parting, he said that no noxious reptile had ever
-been found there, till the white man, like a wily
-serpent, coiled himself amid its shades.</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;MONOCNONG.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line0'>Gem of the Bay! enchased in waves of light,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;That ’neath the sunbeam rear a diamond crest,</p>
-<p class='line0'>But to the wrathful spirit of the night</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Turn unsubdued, with thunder in their breast—</p>
-<p class='line0'>Fair Isle! where beauty lingereth as a dower</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;O’er rock and roof, and densely-wooded dell,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And in the bosom of the autumnal flower</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Foiling the frost-king in its quiet cell,</p>
-<p class='line0'>The Indian hunter of the olden time</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Saw thee with love, and on his wandering way</p>
-<p class='line0'>Staid the keen bow, at morning’s earliest prime,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;A name of blessing on thy head to lay—</p>
-<p class='line0'>Baptism of tears! it liveth on thy shore,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Though he, the exiled one, returneth never more.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The sail from the city of New York to Staten
-Island is delightful. The bay sparkled in the broad
-sunbeam; six miles of diamonds set in turquoise
-and amethyst. We land, and are borne rapidly
-along, amid tasteful abodes imbosomed in trees and
-shrubbery, and adorned with flowers. We pass also
-the Hospital, a spacious building, where many beds
-and pillows spread in the open air for purification,
-denote that disease and death have given a ghastly
-welcome to some mournful emigrants. Often are
-we reminded, amid the most luxuriant scenery, that
-even “in the garden there is a sepulchre.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>New Brighton, as seen from the water, is like a
-cluster of palaces. Large and well arranged boarding-houses
-furnish accommodations to numerous
-strangers, who seek in summer the invigorating
-atmosphere of this island. Among these, the Pavilion
-and Belmont are conspicuous.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In descriptive writing, I had formerly a fastidious
-delicacy about using the names of individuals.
-When in Europe, I was so fearful of drawing the
-curtain from the sanctuary of the hearth-stone, as to
-fail in a free tribute for the most liberal and changeless
-hospitality. Time, which is wont to destroy
-undue sensibility on many subjects, has led me to
-deem this an error. So I will here avoid it, and
-say with equal frankness and gratitude that those
-who, like myself, are admitted as guests at the elegant
-island-residence of George Griffin, Esq., and
-to share the intellectual society of his warm-hearted
-and right-minded home-circle, will never lose the
-pleasant memory of such a privilege.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Among the fine views in this vicinity, that from
-the Telegraph Station is especially magnificent. I
-shall not attempt to describe it, not being willing to
-sustain or inflict the disappointment that must inevitably
-be the result. Let all who have opportunity
-see it as often as possible. They can never tire of
-it. Among the many interesting objects that there
-rivet the gaze, there will often be descried passing
-through the Narrows, that highway of nations, some
-white-winged wanderer of the deep, voyaging to
-foreign shores. Within her how many hearts are
-faint with the pangs of separation! How many
-buoyed up with the vain fluttering of curiosity to
-visit stranger lands. Adventurous ones! ye know
-not yet the extent of the penalty ye must pay for
-this shadowy good. Tempests without, misgivings
-within, yearnings after your distant dear ones, sickness—that
-shall make this “round world, and all it
-doth inherit,” a blank, and a mockery—longings to
-set foot once more on solid earth, which have no
-parallel, save the wail of the weaned child for its
-mother.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Many, and of almost endless variety, are the pleasant
-drives that will solicit you. The Clove Road,
-the Quarantine, the lovely, secluded grove, with the
-townships of Richmond, Stapleton, Castleton, Tompkinsville,
-Clifton, etc. are among them. Seldom, in
-a circumference of a few miles, are such contrasts
-of scenery displayed. At one point you fancy yourself
-in the Isle of Wight, then you are reminded of
-the Vale of Tempo, and the fabled gardens of the
-Hesperides. Fair, sunny lawns—deep, solemn forests,
-the resounding wheels of mechanical industry,
-alternate like a dream, with clusters of humble cottages,
-the heavy ricks of the agriculturist, and rude,
-gray rocks, from whose solitary heights, you talk
-only with Ocean, while he answers in thunder.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In our exploring excursions, we often admired,
-amid its fringed margin of trees, a circular expanse
-of water, from whence ice is obtained for the use of
-the residents, and which bears the appellation of</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;SYLVAN LAKE.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Imbosomed deep in cedars, lonely lake!</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Thy solemn neighbors that in silence dwell,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Save when to searching winds they answer make,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Then closer scan thee, in thy guarded cell,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;No rippling keel hath vexed thee from thy birth,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;No fisher’s net thy cloistered musing broke,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Nor aught that holds communion with the earth</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Thy sky-wrapt spirit to emotion woke,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;For thou from man wert fain to hide away,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Nursing a vestal purity of thought,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And only when stern Winter’s tyrant sway</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;A seal of terror on thy heart had wrought,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Gave him one icy gift, then turned away,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Unto the pure-eyed heavens, in penitence to pray.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>There are several pleasantly situated churches on
-Staten Island. The small one at Clifton, with its
-dark grained arches of oak, strongly resembles those
-of the mother land. An ancient, low-browed one,
-at Richmond, was built and endowed by Queen
-Anne, in 1714. Around it sleep the dead, with their
-simple memorials. The sacred music that varied
-the worship, was sweet and touching, and conducted
-almost entirely by the seven daughters of its worthy
-and venerable clergyman, Dr. David Moore, a son
-of the former bishop of Virginia. He has also charge
-of another church, at Port Richmond. There we
-attended divine worship, one cloudless autumnal
-Sunday, not deeming the distance of thirteen miles,
-going and returning, as any obstacle. It was a simple
-edifice, on a green slope, that stretched downward
-to meet the sea. In his discourse, the white-haired
-pastor reminded his flock that for twice
-twenty years he had urged them to accept the invitations
-of the gospel, on that very spot, where the
-voice of his sainted father had been also uplifted, beseeching
-them to be reconciled to God. Earnest zeal
-gave eloquence to his words; and when they ceased,
-the solemn organ did its best to uplift the listening
-soul in praise.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>At the close of the service many lingered in the
-church-yard, to exchange kind greetings with their
-revered guide. Old and young pressed near to take
-his hand, while with affectionate cordiality he asked
-of their welfare, as a father among his children. It
-was patriarchal and beautiful. Religion in its pageantry
-and pomp hath nothing like it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A boat, with its flashing oars, bore a portion of the
-worshipers to their homes on the opposite shore.
-But on the rocks beneath us sat some listless fishermen,
-idling away the hours of the consecrated day.
-Ah! have ye not missed salvation’s priceless pearl?
-The wondrous glory of the setting sun, as we pursued
-our homeward way, and the tranquil meditations
-arising from the simplicity of devotion, made this a
-Sabbath to be much remembered.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>We were interested more than once in attending
-divine service in the chapel of the Sailor’s Snug
-Harbor—a noble building, the gift of private munificence,
-where the bronzed features and neat, tranquil
-appearance of these favored sons of the sea, spoke at
-once of past hardships upon the briny wave and of the
-unbroken comfort of their present state of repose.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The cliffs and vales of this enchanted island are
-crowned with the elegant mansions of the merchant
-princes. Among them are those of the brothers
-Nesmyth, Mr. Anthon, Mr. Aspinwall, Mr. Morgan,
-and others, that I greatly admired, without knowing
-the names of their occupants. That of Mr. Comstock
-exhibits a model of perfect taste. All the appointments
-within—the pictures, vases, and furniture of
-white and gold, bespeak Parisian elegance, while
-the grounds and conservatory are attractive; and in
-the centre of a rich area of turf, a dial points out the
-hours to which beauty and fragrance give wings.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The residence of Mr. Jones, at “The Cedars,”
-has a very extensive prospect, and is embellished
-by highly cultivated gardens of several acres, loaded
-with fruits and flowers; and also, by an interesting
-apiary, aviary, and poultry establishment, where
-hundreds of domestic fowls, of the finest varieties,
-revel in prosperity.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The habitation of George Griswold, Esq. is princely,
-and of a truly magnificent location. While in an
-unfinished state, the prospect from the windows excited
-the following effusion:</p>
-
-<div class='dramastart'><!----></div>
-
-<p class='dramaline-cont'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;GRISWOLD HILL.</p>
-
-<p class='dramaline-cont'>Earth, sea and sky, in richest robes arrayed,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Wide spreads the glorious panorama round,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Charming the gazer’s eye. O’er wind-swept height,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Villa, and spire, and ocean’s glorious blue</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Floats the mild, westering sun. Fast by our side</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Frowns Fort Knyphausen, whence, in olden time,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The whiskered Hessian, bought with British gold,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Aimed at my country’s heart. Wild cedars wrap</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Its ruined base, stretching their arras dark</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>O’er mound and mouldering bastion.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;With what grace</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>New Jersey’s shores expand. Hillock and grove,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Hamlet and town, and lithe promontory,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Engird this islet, as a mother clasps</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Some beauteous daughter. Still, opposing straits,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>With their strong line of indentations, mar</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The entire embrace.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Broad spreads the billowy bay,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Forever peopled by the gliding sail,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>From the slight speck where the rude fisher toils,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>To forms that, like a mountain, tread the wave,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Or those that, moved by latent fires, compel</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The awe-struck flood.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Lo! from his northern home,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The bold, unswerving Hudson. He hath burst</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The barrier of his palisades, to look</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>On this strange scene of beauty, and to swell</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>With lordly tribute what he scans with pride.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;Behold the peerless city, lifting high</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Its hallowed spires, and fringed with bristling masts,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>In whose strong breast beat half a million hearts,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Instinct with hurrying life. The gray-haired sires</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Remember well, how the dank waters crept</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Where now, in queenly pomp, her court she holds.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;Next gleams that Isle, whose long-drawn line of coast</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Is loved by Ceres. On its western heights</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Towereth a busy mart, and ’neath its wing,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>One, whose pure domes are wrapped in sacred shade,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Silent, yet populous. Through its still gates</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Pass on the unreturning denizens.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Oh, Greenwood! loveliest spot for last repose,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>When the stern pilgrimage of life is o’er,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Even thy dim outline through the haze is dear.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;Onward, by Coney Island’s silvery reef,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>To where, between its lowly valves of sand,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Opes the Highway of Nations. Through it flows</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The commerce of the world. The Mother Realm</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Sends on its tides her countless embassies;</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Bright France invokes the potency of steam</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>To wing her message; from his ice-clad pines</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The Scandinavian, the grave, turbaned Turk,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The Greek mercurial, even the hermit-sons</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Of sage Confucius, like the sea-bird, spread</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Fleet pinions toward this city of the west,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>That like a money-changer for the earth</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Sits ’neath her temple-dome.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Yon ocean-gate,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>With telegraphic touch, doth chronicle</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The rushing tide of sea-worn emigrants,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Who reach the land that gives the stranger bread,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Perchance a grave. And he who ventureth forth,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The willing prisoner of some white-winged ship,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>To seek Hygeia o’er the wave, or test</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>What spells do linger round those classic climes</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>That woke his boyhood’s dream, fails not his heart</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>As the blest hills of Neversink withdraw</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Their misty guardianship?</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Speech may not tell—</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>For well I know its poverty to paint</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The rapture, when the homeward glance descries,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>That native land, whose countless novelties,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>And forms of unimagined life, eclipse</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>The worn-out wonders of an Older World,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>That, with its ghostly finger, only points</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>To things that were.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Oh! great and solemn Deep,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Profound magician of the musing thought,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Release my strain, that to the beauteous Isle</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Which hath so long enchained me, thanks may flow,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Warm, though inadequate.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;The changeful hand</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Of Autumn sheds o’er forest, copse, and grove,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>In gorgeous hues, the symbol of decay;</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>But here and there some fondly lingering flower,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Sweet resonance of Summer, cheers the rocks</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Where warm suns latest smile.</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Oh, fairest Isle!</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>I grieve to say farewell. Still for the sake</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Of those I love, and for the memories dear,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>And sacred hospitalities that cling</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Around the mansion, whence my steps depart,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Peace be within the palace-domes that crest</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Thy sea-girt hills, and ’neath the cottage roofs</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>That nestle ’mid thy dells. For when I dream</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>Of some blest Eden that survived the fall,</p>
-<p class='dramaline'>That dream shall be of thee.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk107'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='even'></a>EVENING.</h1></div>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>Shades of Evening! ye remind me</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Of my own declining sun,</p>
-<p class='line'>And of scenes I’ll leave behind me</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;When my sands of life are run!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Should that change come ere to-morrow,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Grant that I may sink to rest,</p>
-<p class='line'>And from Virtue’s glory borrow</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Hues to make my Evening blest.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:right;margin-right:0em;'><span class='sc'>J. HUNT, JR.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk108'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='152' id='Page_152'></span><h1><a id='wood'></a>WOODLAWN:</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-weight:bold;'>OR THE OTHER SIDE OF THE MEDAL.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY F. E. F., AUTHOR OF A “MARRIAGE OF CONVENIENCE,” ETC.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';fs:0.9em;' -->
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>’Tis distance lends enchantment to the view.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:right;margin-right:0em;margin-bottom:1.2em;font-size:0.9em;'><span class='sc'>Campbell.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<p class='pindent'>“What are you thinking of so intently, Annie?”
-asked Kate Leslie, of her cousin. “You have not
-spoken for the last half hour.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Annie roused herself and answered with a smile,
-“Only of last night’s Opera. Nothing very important,
-you see.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And what of the Opera?” pursued Kate. “Come,
-I should like to hear a genuine, unsophisticated opinion
-of our most fashionable city amusement.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I was thinking less of the music, Kate!” returned
-Annie, “than of the audience.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And of the audience?” persisted Kate.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well, Kate, if you will have it, I was only thinking
-how happy and gay they all looked. What a
-different world it was from any I had ever seen before;
-and thinking what a difference of fate there
-was between those elegant-looking girls who sat opposite,
-and myself.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah! the Hautons, they are fortune’s favorites
-indeed. They have every thing, fortune, family,
-fashion—and elegant, high-bred looking things they
-are. They called yesterday and left a card for you;
-but Mrs. Hauton told mamma last night that they
-were moving out to Woodlawn, and hoped we would
-return the visit there. I should like it of all things,
-for the place is magnificent, and I am told they entertain
-delightfully. We have always visited in the
-city, but have never before been invited out of town.
-As soon as Mrs. Hauton is settled there, I presume
-we shall hear from her. Fanny Elliot spent a week
-with them last summer, and she said it was a continued
-round of dinner and evening-parties all the
-time. Beside invited guests, they have always preparations
-made for unexpected company. The table
-is laid every day as for a dinner-party, with silver,
-and I don’t know how many men in attendance.
-And then they have a billiard-room and library, and
-green-house and horses—and all in the handsomest
-style.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And an opera-box in town,” said Annie, with
-something that approached a sigh.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, yes, an opera-box, and every thing else you
-can think of. They live in the city in the winter,
-and their parties are always the most elegant of the
-season. The girls dress exquisitely, too. They
-import most of their things; and, in short, I don’t
-know any one I’d rather be than one of those
-Hautons.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Annie, who lived in the quiet little village of C——,
-where her father, the principal lawyer in the place,
-could just manage to maintain his family in a plain,
-comfortable, but rather homespun way, was rather
-dazzled by this picture of the Hautons; and her heart
-quite died within her at the idea of paying a visit
-among such grand people. She looked upon Kate’s
-fearlessness on the subject with some surprise. But
-then Kate, she remembered, was “used to such
-people.” But how should she, a little village-girl,
-appear among these fashionables. Then her dress,
-(that first thought among women,) she almost hoped
-Mrs. Hauton would forget to follow up her invitation.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A few days after, however, Kate entered the room,
-saying, “Here is a note from Mrs. Hauton, Annie,
-as I expected. She wishes us to pass a few days
-at Woodlawn. Mamma desired me to show it to
-you before she answered it. So what do you
-say?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Just what you do, of course,” replied Annie.
-“They are almost strangers to me, you know; so
-you must decide for us both. I am ready to accept
-or refuse—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, my dear,” interrupted Kate, quickly, “I
-would not have you refuse on any account. I am
-particularly glad, for your sake, that the invitation
-should have come while you are with us. Indeed,
-Annie, I consider you quite in luck that we are
-asked just at this time.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“How long are we to stay?” inquired Annie.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“We are invited from Monday to Wednesday, in
-English style,” replied Kate, “which I like. Of all
-things I hate that indefinite period of ‘as long as you
-find it agreeable,’ when half your time is spent in
-trying to find out how long you are expected to remain,
-and your hostess is equally occupied in endeavoring
-to ascertain when you mean to go.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Annie’s eyes dilated with surprise at this definition
-of city hospitality, which sounded to her fresh
-country ears and primitive ideas as somewhat remarkable,
-but concluding that her cousin was in jest,
-she smiled as she said,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Is it usual to fix a time for your friends’ departure
-as it is for their coming, Kate?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No,” answered Kate. “I wish it were. It
-would not, then, be such a formidable matter to ask
-them.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Are you in earnest?” asked Annie, looking up
-surprised.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“To be sure I am,” replied Kate. “You don’t
-know what a bore it is to have a place near the city,
-Annie, and to have people coming forever, without
-an idea when they are going.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then why do you ask them at all, if you don’t
-want them?” inquired Annie.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, because you <span class='it'>must</span>,” said Kate. “Some expect
-it, to others you owe civilities; and its all very
-well if the time of their going was only fixed. Two
-or three days for people you don’t care for, and who
-don’t care for you, is long enough.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Plenty, I should think,” answered Annie, emphatically.
-“And I should not think, Kate, there
-was any danger of guests under such circumstances
-remaining longer.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Much you know of it, my dear!” said Kate, in
-a droll tone of despair. “The less you care for them,
-and the greater the bores, the longer they stay. But
-papa and mamma have such old-fashioned notions
-of hospitality, that they wont adopt this new style of
-naming the days of the invitation. The Hautons
-understand the matter better.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Come, Annie,” said Kate, the next day, “as we
-are to breakfast at Woodlawn, we shall have no
-time to do any thing in the morning, so we may as
-well pack our trunk now. I suppose you’ll ride out
-in your gray barège,” she continued, as she opened
-the wardrobe to take down some of her own and
-her cousin’s dresses.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Now as this gray barège was one of Annie’s two
-best dresses, and which she was accustomed to think
-quite full dress, she hesitated, and said, with some
-surprise,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“My gray barège for the morning?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes, it will do very well,” continued Kate, supposing
-her hesitation proceeded from diffidence as to
-its being too plain. “The simpler a breakfast-dress
-the better; and gray is always a good <span class='it'>unnoticeable</span>
-color.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Annie almost gasped. If she was to begin with
-her barège for breakfast, what should she do for
-dinner. But Kate proceeded with,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Take the sleeves out of your book-muslin, Annie,
-and that will do for dinner. You are always safe in
-white, and I suppose they will supply us with
-Camelias from the green-house for our heads.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Book-muslins, short sleeves, and Camelia’s for
-dinner.” Annie’s heart beat high between expectation
-and fear. She almost wished the visit over, and
-yet would not have given it up for the world.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Monday morning arrived, and an hour’s drive
-brought them to Woodlawn. And as they drove up
-through the beautiful avenues of elms, and stopped
-before a very large, handsome house, which commanded
-a beautiful lawn, Annie felt that the place
-quite equalled her expectations.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Mrs. Hauton received them with great politeness,
-made a slight apology for her “lazy girls,” who
-were not yet down, and showed them into the breakfast-room
-before the young ladies made their appearance.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>They came gliding in presently, looking very elegant
-and high-bred, dressed in the finest white lawn
-negligées, with the prettiest little thread-lace <a id='caps'></a>caps
-on their heads; their whole toilet exquisitely fine,
-simple, and <span class='it'>recherché</span>, so that poor Annie felt at
-once the value and consolation of the expression,
-“<span class='it'>unnoticeable</span>,” that Kate had applied to her barège,
-and which had rather astonished her at the time.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>They did not seem to feel called upon to apologize
-for their not being ready to receive their guests, but
-only found it “very warm,” asked at what time
-they left the city, and were quite shocked at the
-early hour they mentioned, and thought it “must
-have been very disagreeable,” and it was evident
-from their manner that they would not have risen so
-early to come and see them.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The conversation became general, if that can be
-called conversation which consisted of some remarks
-upon the long-continued drought from Mrs.
-Hauton, with rejoinders as to the heat and dust of
-the city, from Mrs. Leslie. Mr. Leslie inquired
-something about the state of the crops of Mr. Hauton,
-and Mr. Hauton asked a question or two about the
-new rail-road. The young ladies kept up a little
-scattering small-talk, consisting chiefly of questions
-as to who had left town, and who remained yet in
-the city, and where the Leslies were going, etc., all
-of which Annie would have thought very dull, if
-she had not been too much oppressed by the novelty
-and elegance of every thing around her to dare to
-think at all.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>After breakfast a walk was proposed through the
-garden, and Mrs. Hauton, with Mrs. Leslie, walking
-on before, the young ladies followed. Mrs. Hauton
-commenced a long story about her head gardener,
-who had behaved, she said, “very ungratefully
-<a id='inle'></a>in leaving her for a place where he could get higher
-wages, when she had dismissed the man she had, to
-take him, because he had offered to come on lower
-terms, and after she had kept him for a year, he had
-now left her, for the very wages she had given her
-first man; but they are all so mercenary,” she concluded
-with saying.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Annie could not help thinking that if a rich woman
-like Mrs. Hauton thought so much of additional
-wages, it was not surprising that her gardener, who
-probably had a family depending on him, did not
-value them less; nor did she see the call upon his
-gratitude for having been engaged at less than his
-worth.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Then Mrs. Hauton proceeded to tell Mrs. Leslie
-how many men they kept at work on the place, and
-how much they gave them a day, and at what an
-enormous cost they kept up the green-house, which
-“was, after all, of no use to them, as they spent their
-winters in the city, and the girls had more bouquets
-sent to them than they wanted.” And then followed
-her complaints of the grapery, which were equally
-pathetic, and all was excessively pompous and prosy.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Annie was in admiration of her aunt’s good breeding,
-which supplied her with patience and attention,
-and suitable rejoinders to all Mrs. Hauton’s enumeration
-of the calls on her purse, and the plagues of her
-wealth. Indeed, Annie began rather to doubt whether
-her aunt could be as tired as she at first thought she
-must be, she kept up the conversation with so little
-appearance of effort. She did not herself listen to the
-half of it, but whenever she did, she always found it was
-some long story about the dairy-woman, who would
-do what she should not, or the price of the luxuries
-by which they were surrounded, which Mrs. Hauton
-seemed to think a great imposition that they could
-not have for nothing.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Meantime the Miss Hautons kept up a languid
-complaint of the heat, and asked Kate if she did not
-find it “horrid.” And when Annie stopped to look
-at some beautiful and rare flowers, and asked their
-name, they replied they did not know, “the gardener
-could tell her,” and seemed rather annoyed at her
-stopping in the sun to look at them, and wondered
-at her curiosity about any thing so uninteresting.
-Annie was something of a botanist, and would gladly
-have lingered over other plants that were new to her,
-for the garden was under the highest cultivation;
-but she saw that it was an interruption to the rest of
-the party, and they sauntered on.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>She could not help, however, pausing again with
-an exclamation of delight before a moss rose-tree in
-full bearing, when Miss Hauton said, somewhat sarcastically,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You are quite an enthusiast in flowers, Miss
-Cameron.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I am very fond of them,” replied Annie, coloring
-at the tone in which the remark was made; “Are
-not you?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No,” replied the young lady, carelessly, “I don’t
-care for them at all. I like a bouquet well enough
-in the winter. It finishes one’s dress, but I don’t
-see the use of them at all in summer.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, I hate them,” added her sister, almost
-pettishly. “They are such a plague. People who
-come out are always wanting some; and then the
-gardener is to be sent for, and he always grumbles
-at cutting them, and half the time he has not cord to
-tie them up, and papa sends me to the house for some.
-If I had a place, I would not have a flower on it; but
-mamma says the gardener has not any thing to do but
-to attend to the garden, so she will have flowers.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Why, certainly, my dear,” said Mrs. Hauton, who
-caught this last remark, “what should we pay
-Ralston such wages to do nothing. He gets his
-money easy enough now. If he had merely the
-green-house to take care of, I think it would be
-too bad.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>So flowers were cultivated, it seemed, chiefly that
-the gardener might not gain his living without “the
-sweat of his brow.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>As they came within sight of the river, to which
-the lawn sloped, Annie proposed that they should
-walk down to it; but the young ladies assured her
-at once that she would find it “very disagreeable;”
-and asking if they were not tired, turned their footsteps
-toward the house.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>They returned to the drawing-room, and after
-a little dawdling conversation, Miss Hauton took
-down her embroidery frame, and began to sort
-worsteds, while Miss Fanny produced a purse and
-gold beads, of which she offered to show Kate the
-stitch.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Kate congratulated herself in the depths of her
-heart, that she had had <a id='fore'></a>foresight to arm herself with
-some needles and silk, and felt equal to all the emergencies
-of the morning; but poor Annie, one of
-whose accomplishments had not been to spend money
-and waste time in fancy work, could only offer to
-assist Miss Hauton in winding worsteds, by way of
-doing something.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Fortunately for Mrs. Leslie, Mrs. Hauton’s stream
-of talk was unceasing. She told innumerable and
-interminable stories (at least so they seemed to Annie)
-of the impositions of poor people; was very indignant
-at the sums they were called upon to give, and
-highly excited at the prices which were demanded
-of them, and which she thought people in more moderate
-circumstance were not asked. But more indignant
-yet was she when, on some occasions, they
-had not been treated with more prompt attention,
-and had superior comforts to others who were not
-as rich as themselves. She only, it seemed, expected
-to be put on a level with poorer people when the
-paying was in question. She evidently had an idea
-that the knowledge of her wealth was to procure her
-civilities which she was very angry at being called
-upon to pay for.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Annie thought it the longest morning she had ever
-passed; and when the servants announced the
-luncheon, she awoke as from a nightmare.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Gathering round the table, everybody <a id='ate'></a>ate, not from
-appetite, but ennui. Mrs. Hauton continued her
-stream of talk, (for, apparently, she had no sense of
-fatigue,) which now turned upon the hot-house and
-the price of her forced fruits.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Another hour <a id='pass'></a>passed in the drawing-room, in the
-same way, and Annie happening to be near a table,
-on which lay some books, took up a new review in
-which she was soon absorbed. After reading a few
-pages she (being the first person who had looked into
-it) was obliged to cut the leaves, when she heard
-Miss Hauton say, in the same scornful tone in which
-she had pronounced her an enthusiast in flowers,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Miss Cameron is literary, I see;” and Annie,
-coloring, again dropped the book, and returned to
-her wearisome place on the sofa.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Kate found to her great delight that company was
-expected to dinner, and when the preparation-bell
-rang, the girls, almost in a state of exhaustion, retired
-to dress.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Kate,” exclaimed Annie, “I am almost dead. I
-don’t know what has tired me so, but I feel as if
-I had been in an exhausted receiver.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Kate laughed.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You should have brought some work with you,
-Annie. If you had only been counting stitches, as I
-have been, you don’t know what a support it would
-have been to you under Mrs. Hauton’s talk. She is
-intolerable if you listen to her—but that I did not do.
-However, take courage. The Langtrees and Constants,
-and Merediths, are coming to dinner. Here,
-let me put this wreath of honeysuckle in your hair.
-There, it’s very becoming; only, Annie, you must
-not look so tired,” she continued, laughing, “or I
-am afraid you’ll make no conquests. And Constant
-and Meredith are coming with their sisters.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>After half an hour’s free and unconstrained chat,
-and conscious of a pretty and becoming toilet, refreshed
-and invigorated for a new attempt in society,
-Annie accompanied her aunt and cousin again to the
-drawing-room.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The new comers had arrived; a stylish-looking set—the
-girls in full dress, the young men so whiskered
-and mustachioed that Annie was surprised to hear
-them speak English. They were received with great
-animation by the Hautons, who seemed to belong to
-that class of young ladies who never thoroughly
-wake but at the approach of a gentleman.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The young men glanced slightly at Annie, and
-Mr. Meredith even gave her a second look. He
-thought her decidedly pretty, and a “new face,”
-which was something; but after a remark or two,
-finding she “knew nobody,” and did not belong to
-the clique, the trouble of finding topics of mutual
-interest seemed greater than he thought her worth,
-and so he turned to Miss <a id='haut'></a>Hauton; and Annie soon
-found herself dropped from a conversation that consisted
-entirely of personal gossip.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“So, the wedding has come off at last,” said Susan
-Hauton to Mr. Constant. “I hope the Gores are
-satisfied now. Were you there? How did Mr. Langley
-look?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Resigned,” replied the young man, slightly
-shrugging his shoulders.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Susan laughed, though at what Annie could not
-very well perceive, and continued with,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And the bride—how did she look?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“As brides always do—charmingly, of course,”
-he replied, languidly. “You ladies, with your veils,
-and flowers, and flounces, may set nature herself at
-defiance, and dare her to recognize you such as she
-made you.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“If Fanny Gore looked charming,” said Ellen
-Hauton, sarcastically, “I think it might have puzzled
-more than dame Nature to recognize her. I
-doubt whether Mr. Langley would have known her
-under such a new aspect.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I think we may give him credit for differing from
-others on that point,” said Kate. “A woman has a
-right to be thought pretty once in her life, and Cupid’s
-blind, fortunately.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Cupid may be, but Mr. Langley is not,” replied
-Miss Hauton, in the same careless, sneering tone.
-<a id='its1'></a>“It’s a shameful take in.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“A take in!” repeated Kate, with surprise.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes, certainly,” replied Miss Hauton. “He did
-not want to marry her.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then why did he?” asked Kate. “He was
-surely a free agent.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No, he was not,” persisted Miss Susan. “The
-Gores would have him; they followed him up, and
-never let him alone until they got him.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Do you believe,” returned Kate, with some
-spirit, “that any man is to be made to marry against
-his will? There’s no force can do it.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But the force of flattery,” said young Meredith;
-<a id='isa'></a>“is a very powerful agent, Miss Leslie.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then,” said Kate, laughing, “every match is a
-‘take in,’ on that ground. Is not every bride flattered
-till she feels as if she had entered a new state
-of being? Is not every girl turned, for the time being,
-into a beauty? Do you suppose any body ever
-yet fell in love on the truth?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No, indeed,” replied the gentleman. “Truth’s
-kept where she should be, at the ‘bottom of a well.’
-A most ill-bred personage, not fit for ‘good society,’
-certainly.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Then the conversation branched off to other
-matches, and to Annie’s surprise she heard these
-high-bred, delicate looking girls, talk of their friends
-making “dead sets” and “catches,” and of young
-men being “taken in,” in a style that struck her as
-decidedly vulgar. Kate, to turn the subject, asked
-Mr. Constant if he had been to the opera the night
-before.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I looked in,” he replied. “Vita was screaming
-away as usual.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, is not she horrid?” exclaimed Miss Hauton.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“The opera’s a bore,” pursued her sister. “Caradori’s
-detestable and Vita a horror. I hope they’ll
-get a new <a id='trou'></a>troupe next winter. I am sick of this
-set.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I thought you were fond of the opera,” remarked
-Kate. “You are there always.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes; we have a box, and one must go somewhere;
-but I was tired to death before the season
-was half over. Here, Mr. Meredith, hold this silk
-for me,” she continued, calling to the young gentleman,
-who was looking out of the window, meditating
-the possibility of making his escape to the refreshment
-of a cigar.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That’s right, make him useful, Miss Hauton,”
-said Mr. Constant, as the reluctant Meredith declared
-himself most happy and honored in being so
-employed; but he set his back teeth firmly, and with
-difficulty suppressed a yawn, which was evident <a id='insp'></a>in spite
-of his efforts to conquer it. Miss Hauton’s animation,
-however, was more than a match for his indifference.
-He was not to be let off. Young ladies, and high-bred
-ones too, will sometimes pin young gentlemen,
-whether or no. It’s bad policy; for Annie heard
-him say, as he afterward escaped and walked off the
-piazza with his friend, and a cigar in his mouth,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“What bores these girls are, with their confounded
-worsteds and nonsense.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The evening passed in pretty much the same way.
-Much gossip, varied with some very bad music, for
-Miss Hauton sang, and, like most amateurs, would
-undertake more than she could <a id='exec'></a>execute. Annie
-thought of the “screamer Vita” and that “horrid
-Caradori,” and wondered that ears that were so delicate,
-so alive to the smallest fault in the music of
-others, should have so little perception of their own
-sins of commission.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh,” said Kate, as they retired to their room at
-night, “did not the Hauton’s ‘Casta Diva’ set your
-teeth on edge? Such an absurdity, for a girl like her
-to attempt what few professional persons can sing.
-You look tired to death, Annie, and no wonder, for,
-between you and I, these Hautons are very common
-girls. Strange! I’ve known them for years,
-and yet never knew them before. Dress and distance
-make such a difference.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“They seem to have so little enjoyment in anything,”
-remarked Annie. “Every thing seems, in
-their phrase, ‘a bore.’ Now, to us in the country,
-every thing is a pleasure. I suppose it is because
-we have so little,” she continued, smiling, “that we
-must make the most of it.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well,” said Kate, doubtfully, as if the idea was
-quite new to her, “is not that better than to be
-weary with much?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And yet you would laugh at one of our little
-meetings,” replied Annie, “where we talk of books,
-sing ballads, and sometimes dance after the piano.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That is primitive, to be sure,” said Kate, with
-something of contempt in her heart for such gothic
-amusements.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It’s pleasant, at any rate,” thought Annie, as she
-laid her head on her pillow and remembered, with
-infinite satisfaction, that she had only one day more
-to stay among these very fine, very common
-people.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And is it possible,” she thought, “that I should
-be such a fool as to envy them because they looked
-gay and graceful across the opera house? And half
-of the rest of them are, doubtless, no better. Oh for
-one pleasant, spirited talk with Allan Fitzhugh.”
-And then her mind traveled off to home and a certain
-clever young lawyer, and she fell asleep dreaming
-she was in C——, and was once again a <span class='it'>belle</span>, (as
-one always is in one’s dreams,) and awoke to another
-dull day of neglect and commonplaces, to return
-home more disenchanted of the gay world and
-its glitter, more thoroughly contented than she ever
-would have been with her own intelligent and animated
-home, had she not passed three days at Woodlawn,
-amid the dullness of wealth, unembellished by
-true refinement or enlightened by a ray of wit.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But it was all right. To Annie had been given
-that which she most appreciated; to the Hautons
-all that they were capable of enjoying.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Would either party have changed? No. The
-pity was mutual, the contempt was mutual, and the
-satisfaction of both sides as complete as ever falls to
-the lot of mortals. Annie had seen the other side of
-the medal, and the Hautons did not know there was
-another side to be seen.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk109'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='156' id='Page_156'></span><h1><a id='waste'></a>THE WASTED HEART.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY MISS L. VIRGINIA SMITH.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>“The trees of the forest shall blossom again,</p>
-<p class='line'>The song-bird shall warble its soul-thrilling strain,</p>
-<p class='line'>But the heart Fate hath wasted no spring can restore,</p>
-<p class='line' style='margin-bottom:1.2em;'>And its song shall be joyful—no more, never more.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>A blush was deepening through the folded leaves</p>
-<p class='line'>Of that young, guileless heart, and far within</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon the altar of her soul a flame</p>
-<p class='line'>Like to an inspiration came; she <span class='it'>felt</span></p>
-<p class='line'>That she had learned to love as e’en the heart</p>
-<p class='line'>Of woman seldom loves.</p>
-<p class='line'>She was an orphan child, and sorrow’s storm</p>
-<p class='line'>With bitter breath had swept her gentle soul;</p>
-<p class='line'>But that was past—and fresh in purity</p>
-<p class='line'>It reveled in a blissful consciousness—</p>
-<p class='line'>It <span class='it'>loved</span>, and <span class='it'>was beloved</span>.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>She <span class='it'>knew</span> she loved—and when the twilight dim</p>
-<p class='line'>Stole on with balmy silence, she would list</p>
-<p class='line'>A coming step, whose music fall kept time</p>
-<p class='line'>To all the hurried throbbings of her heart,</p>
-<p class='line'>And when it stayed, a softened glance would seek</p>
-<p class='line'>Her drooping eye, whose deepest faith had poured</p>
-<p class='line'>Its dreamy worship forth so fearlessly;</p>
-<p class='line'>Eyes that to him alone were <span class='it'>never</span> silent,</p>
-<p class='line'>Whose glances sometimes sought for his, and threw</p>
-<p class='line'>Their light far through his spirit, till it thrilled</p>
-<p class='line'>To music every tightened nerve that strung</p>
-<p class='line'>The living lyre of being.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>At such an hour his burning passion slept</p>
-<p class='line'>Before the portals of their azure heaven,</p>
-<p class='line'>Like to some wandering angel who has sunk</p>
-<p class='line'>To rest beside the glory-shadowed gate</p>
-<p class='line'>Of a lost Paradise; and when he bowed</p>
-<p class='line'>To press his lip upon the brow that lay</p>
-<p class='line'>Soft pillowed on his bosom, she would start</p>
-<p class='line'>Up from his half embrace, and then, to hide</p>
-<p class='line'>Her sweet confusion, turn aside to part</p>
-<p class='line'>With white and jeweled fingers, tremblingly,</p>
-<p class='line'>The rich, dark masses of his waving hair.</p>
-<p class='line'>Then joyous hopes came crowding brightly through</p>
-<p class='line'>Their dreaming souls, as did the evening stars</p>
-<p class='line'>Through the calm heaven above them, and the world</p>
-<p class='line'>Of happiness that lay upon their hearts</p>
-<p class='line'>Was silent all, for language had no words</p>
-<p class='line'>To shadow forth the fond imaginings,</p>
-<p class='line'>That made its very atmosphere a heaven</p>
-<p class='line'>Of dreamy, rich, voluptuous purity.</p>
-<p class='line'>An angel bowed before the mercy-seat</p>
-<p class='line'>Trusts not more purely in the changeless One</p>
-<p class='line'>To whom his prayer ascendeth, than did she</p>
-<p class='line'>The proud, bright being whom her deathless love</p>
-<p class='line'>Had made its idol-god—she could have laid</p>
-<p class='line'>Her soft white hand in his without one thought</p>
-<p class='line'>Except of love and trust, and bade him lead</p>
-<p class='line'>Her to the end of life’s bewildered maze,</p>
-<p class='line'>Blindfolded, while her heart on his would rest</p>
-<p class='line'>Without one care for Time, one lonely fear</p>
-<p class='line'>For that Eternity which mortals dread.</p>
-<p class='line'>Such, then, is <span class='it'>woman’s love</span>—and wo to him</p>
-<p class='line'>By whom her trusting nature is betrayed!</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;'>——</p>
-<p class='line'>A change—a fearful, sad and blighting change—</p>
-<p class='line'>Came o’er them—how or why it matters not—</p>
-<p class='line'>Enough to know it came—enough to <span class='it'>feel</span></p>
-<p class='line'>That they shall meet as they have met, no more.</p>
-<p class='line'>Of him we speak not—we but know he lives;</p>
-<p class='line'>And she whose heart, whose very life was his,</p>
-<p class='line'>Could tell you nothing more.</p>
-<p class='line'>Lost—lost forever—and her life stood still,</p>
-<p class='line'>And gazed upon the future’s cold gray heaven,</p>
-<p class='line'>As if to catch one gleam of hope’s fair star—</p>
-<p class='line'>No hope was there for her—the hand of God</p>
-<p class='line'>Lay darkly in the cloud that shadowed it.</p>
-<p class='line'>A <span class='it'>never-ending, living death</span> was hers,</p>
-<p class='line'>And one by one she saw her hopes expire,</p>
-<p class='line'>But shed no tear, because the fount was dry;</p>
-<p class='line'>Hers was a grief too strangely sad for tears.</p>
-<p class='line'>You heard no shriek of anguish as the tide</p>
-<p class='line'>Of cold and leaden loneliness swept in</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon her gentle bosom, though the fall</p>
-<p class='line'>Of earth upon the coffin of the loved</p>
-<p class='line'>And lost was not more fearful.</p>
-<p class='line'>She prayed for power to “<span class='it'>suffer and be still</span>.”</p>
-<p class='line'>And God was merciful—it came at last,</p>
-<p class='line'>As dreamless slumber to a heart that mourns.</p>
-<p class='line'>She smoothed her brow above a burning brain,</p>
-<p class='line'>Her eye was bright, and strangers never knew</p>
-<p class='line'>That all its brilliancy and light was drawn</p>
-<p class='line'>From out the funeral pyre of every hope</p>
-<p class='line'>That in an earlier, happier hour had glowed</p>
-<p class='line'>On passion’s hidden altar. Months rolled on,</p>
-<p class='line'>And when the softened color came again</p>
-<p class='line'>To cheek and lip, it was as palely bright</p>
-<p class='line'>As though from out a sleeping <a id='rose'></a>rose’s heart</p>
-<p class='line'>Its sweetest life had faded tranquilly.</p>
-<p class='line'>She mingled with the world—its gay saloons</p>
-<p class='line'>Gave back the echo of her joyous laugh;</p>
-<p class='line'>Her ruby lip, wreathed with its winning smile,</p>
-<p class='line'>Gently replied to gentler flatteries,</p>
-<p class='line'>And when her soul flowed forth upon the waves</p>
-<p class='line'>Of feeling in the charméd voice of song,</p>
-<p class='line'>You would have deemed that gushing melody</p>
-<p class='line'>The music of a purest, happiest heart,</p>
-<p class='line'>So bird-like was its very joyousness.</p>
-<p class='line'>And many envied that lone orphan girl</p>
-<p class='line'>Her light and happy spirit—oh! it was</p>
-<p class='line'>A bitter, burning mockery! when her life</p>
-<p class='line'>Was one continued struggle with itself</p>
-<p class='line'>To <span class='it'>seem</span> what it could never <span class='it'>be</span>—to hide</p>
-<p class='line'>Its gnawing vulture ’neath a sunny smile—</p>
-<p class='line'>To crush the soul that panted to be free—</p>
-<p class='line'>And force her gasping heart to drink again</p>
-<p class='line'>The love that <span class='it'>fed upon itself</span> and wore</p>
-<p class='line'>Her inner life away!</p>
-<p class='line'>They could not know her—could not understand</p>
-<p class='line'>How one could live, and smile, and <span class='it'>still be cursed</span>,</p>
-<p class='line'>Cursed with a “living judgment,” once to be</p>
-<p class='line'>Beloved—and then to be beloved no more,</p>
-<p class='line'>And <span class='it'>never to forget</span>. Her life was like</p>
-<p class='line'>Some pictured lily which the artist’s hand</p>
-<p class='line'>Gives its proportion—shades its virgin leaves</p>
-<p class='line'>With nature’s beauty—but the bee can find</p>
-<p class='line'>No banquet there—the breeze waft no perfume.</p>
-<p class='line'>The shadows of the tomb have lengthened o’er</p>
-<p class='line'>Her sky that blushes with the morn of life;</p>
-<p class='line'>Far on the inner shrine of Memory’s fane,</p>
-<p class='line'>Lie the cold ashes of her “wasted heart,”</p>
-<p class='line'>By burning sighs that sweep the darkened soul,</p>
-<p class='line'>By lava-drops wrung from a fevered brain,</p>
-<p class='line'>Or e’en the breath of God to be rekindled</p>
-<p class='line'>Never—no “<span class='it'>never more!</span>”</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:0.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;'>——</p>
-<p class='line'>And thus it is that <span class='it'>woman’s</span> sacrifice</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon the altar of existence is</p>
-<p class='line'>(That pulse of life) her <span class='it'>warm</span> and <span class='it'>loving heart</span>!</p>
-<p class='line'>Far other tongues beside the poet’s lyre</p>
-<p class='line'>There are to teach us that we often <span class='it'>do</span></p>
-<p class='line'>But “let our young affections run to waste</p>
-<p class='line'>And water but the desert”—that we make</p>
-<p class='line'>An idol to ourselves—we bow before</p>
-<p class='line'>Its worshiped altar-stone, and even while</p>
-<p class='line'>Our incense-wreaths of adoration rise</p>
-<p class='line'>It crumbles down before that breath, a mass</p>
-<p class='line'>Of shining dust; we garner in our hearts</p>
-<p class='line'>A stream of love undying, but to pour</p>
-<p class='line'>Its freshness out at last upon a shrine</p>
-<p class='line'>Of gilded clay!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;Our <a id='barq1'></a>barque floats proudly on—</p>
-<p class='line'>The waves of Time may bear us calmly o’er</p>
-<p class='line'>This life’s deep under-current—but the tones</p>
-<p class='line'>Of love that woke the echoes of the Past</p>
-<p class='line'>Are stilled, or only murmur mournfully,</p>
-<p class='line'>“<span class='it'>No more—oh! never more!</span>”</p>
-<p class='line'>And other hearts who bow before the shrine</p>
-<p class='line'>Of young though shadowed beauty—can they know</p>
-<p class='line'>What is the idol that they seek to win?</p>
-<p class='line'>A <span class='it'>mind the monument</span>—a <span class='it'>form</span> the <span class='it'>grave</span>—</p>
-<p class='line'>Where sleep the ashes of a “<span class='it'>wasted heart</span>!”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk110'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='health'></a>A HEALTH TO MY BROTHER.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY R. PENN SMITH.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>Fill the bowl to the brim, there’s no use in complaining;</p>
-<p class='line'>We’ll drown the dark dream, while a care is remaining;</p>
-<p class='line'>And though the sad tear may embitter the wine,</p>
-<p class='line'>Drink half, never fear, the remainder is mine.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>True, others may drink in the lightness of soul,</p>
-<p class='line'>But the pleasure I think is the tear in the bowl;</p>
-<p class='line'>Then fill up the bowl with the roseate wine,</p>
-<p class='line'>And the tears of my soul shall there mingle with thine.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>And that being done, we will quaff it, my brother;</p>
-<p class='line'>Who drinks of the one should partake of the other.</p>
-<p class='line'>Thy head is now gray, and I follow with pain.—</p>
-<p class='line'>Pshaw! think of our day, and we’re children again.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>’Tis folly to grieve that our life’s early vision</p>
-<p class='line'>Shone but to deceive, and then flit in derision.</p>
-<p class='line'>A fairy-like show, far too fragile to last;</p>
-<p class='line'>As bright as the rain-bow, and fading as fast.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>’Tis folly to mourn that our hearts’ foolish kindness</p>
-<p class='line'>Received in return but deceit for their blindness;</p>
-<p class='line'>And vain to regret that false friends have all flown;</p>
-<p class='line'>Since fortune hath set, we can buffet alone.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Then fill up the glass, there’s no use in repining</p>
-<p class='line'>That friends quickly leave us, when fortune’s declining—</p>
-<p class='line'>Let each drop a tear in the roseate bowl;</p>
-<p class='line'>A tear that’s sincere, and then pledge to the soul.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk111'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='158' id='Page_158'></span><h1><a id='what'></a>“WHAT CAN WOMAN DO?”</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-weight:bold;'>OR THE INFLUENCE OF AN EXAMPLE.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY ALICE B. NEAL.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote30em'>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Good, therefore, is the counsel of the Son of Sirach. “Show not thy valiantness in wine; for wine hath destroyed
-many.”</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:right;margin-right:1em;'><span class='sc'>Jeremy Taylor.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I am glad you admire my pretty cousin,” said
-Isabel Gray to a gentleman seated near her. “She
-deserves all her good fortune, which is the highest
-possible compliment when you see how devoted her
-husband is and what a palace-like home he has given
-her.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It does, indeed, seem the very abode of taste and
-elegance,” and the speaker looked around the luxurious
-apartment with undisguised admiration.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The room, with its occupants, seemed, in the mellow
-light which came from lotus shaped vases, like
-a fine old picture set in a gorgeous frame. The curtains,
-falling in fluted folds, shut out the dreariness
-of a chill November night—a glowing carpet, on
-whose velvet surface seemed thrown the richest
-flowers and the most luscious fruits, in wild but
-graceful confusion, muffled the tread of the well-trained
-servants. A few rare pictures hung upon
-the walls, and a group of beautiful women were conspicuous
-among the guests who this evening shared
-the hospitality of the master of the mansion. The
-dessert had just been placed upon the table—rare
-fruits were heaped in baskets of delicate <span class='it'>Sèvres</span>, that
-looked <span class='it'>woven</span> rather than moulded into their graceful
-shapes; cones and pyramids of delicately tinted
-ices, and sparkling bon-bons—in fine, all that could
-tempt the most fastidious appetite, had been gathered
-together for this bridal feast.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Very happy was William Rushton that night, and
-how fondly he glanced, in the pauses of conversation,
-toward his lovely wife, who, for the first time,
-had assumed her place as mistress of all this elegance.
-But hers was a subdued and quiet loveliness,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“Not radiant to a <span class='it'>stranger’s</span> eye,”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>and many wondered that his choice should have
-fallen upon her, when Isabel Gray seemed so much
-better suited to his well known fastidiousness. Isabel
-had passed the season of early girlhood, yet her
-clear brow was as smooth, and her complexion as
-glowing, as when she had first entered society the
-belle of the season. Four winters had passed, and,
-to the astonishment of many an acquaintance, she
-was still unmarried; and now, as the bridemaid of
-the wealthy Mrs. Rushton, she was once more the
-centre of fashion—the observed of all.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Glittering glasses, of fanciful shape and transparent
-as if they had been the crystal goblets of Shiraz,
-were sparkling among the fruits and flowers.
-Already they were foaming to the brim with wines,
-that might have warmed the heart of the convivial
-Clarence himself, whose age was the topic of discourse
-among the gentlemen and of comment to
-their pretty listeners, who were well aware that
-added years would be no great advantage to <span class='it'>them</span> in
-the eyes of these boasting connoisseurs.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No one can refuse that,” came to the ears of
-Isabel Gray, in the midst of an animated conversation.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“The health of our fair hostess,” said her companion,
-by way of explanation. “We are all friends,
-you know. Your glass, Miss Gray,” and he motioned
-the attendant to fill it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Excuse me,” said she, in a quick, earnest voice,
-which drew the attention of all. “I will drink to
-Lucy with all my heart, but in water, if you please,”
-and she playfully filled the tall glass from a water
-goblet near her.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“May I be permitted to follow Miss Gray’s example?
-She must not claim all the honor of this
-new fashion,” and the speaker, a young man with
-a fine though somewhat sad face, suited the action
-to the word.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Courtesy subdued the astonishment and remonstrances
-of the host and his fashionable friends, and
-this strange freak of Miss Gray’s formed the topic of
-conversation after the ladies withdrew.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I do not think it a fancy—Isabel Gray always
-acts from principle,” said one of the party, with
-whom she had been conversing; and Robert Lewis,
-for so they called her supporter in this unparalleled
-refusal, gayly declared himself bound, for that night
-at least, to drink nothing but water, for her sake.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, Isabel, how could you do so?” said her
-cousin, as they re-entered the drawingroom, and the
-ladies had dispersed in various groups to examine
-and admire its decorations.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Do what, dear Lucy?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Why, act in such a strange way. I never knew
-you to refuse wine before. You might, at least, have
-touched the glass to your lips, as you always have
-done. Mr. Rushton was too polite to remonstrate,
-but I saw he looked terribly annoyed. He is so
-proud of his wines, too, and I wanted him to like
-you so much. I would not have had it happen—oh,
-for any thing,” and the little lady clasped her hands
-with a most tragical look of distress.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“How very terrible! Is it such a mighty offense?
-But, seriously, it was not a freak. I shall never
-take wine again.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And all my parties to attend? You will be
-talked about all winter. Why, nothing is expected
-of a lady now-a-days but to sip the least possible
-quantity; and, besides, champagne, you know, Isabel—champagne
-never hurt any one.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I have seen too much of its ill effects to agree
-with you there, Lucy. It has led to intemperance
-again and again. My heart has long condemned the
-practice of convivial drinking, and I cannot countenance
-it even by <span class='it'>seeming</span> to join. Think of poor
-Talfourd—what made him a beggar and a maniac!
-He was your husband’s college friend.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, that is but one in a thousand; and, besides,
-what influence can you possibly have. Who, think
-you, will be the better man for seeing you so rude—I
-must say it—as to refuse to take wine with him?</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“We none of us know the influence we exert—perhaps
-never will know it in this world. But, still,
-the principle remains the same. To-night, however,
-I had a definite object in my pointed refusal. Young
-Lewis has recently made a resolution to avoid every
-thing that can lead him into his one fault. Noble,
-generous to “the half of his kingdom”—highly cultivated,
-and wealthy, he nearly shipwrecked his fortune
-when abroad, brother tells me, by dissipation—the
-effect of this same warm-hearted, generous nature.
-It is but very lately that he has seen what a
-moral and mental ruin threatened him, and has resolved
-to gain a mastery over the temptation. I
-knew of it by accident, and I should not tell it, even
-to you, only that it may prevent his being rallied by
-Mr. Rushton or yourself. To-night was his first
-trial. I saw the struggle between custom, pride, and
-good resolutions. If he had yielded then, he would
-have become disheartened on reflection, and, perhaps,
-abandoned his new life altogether. I cannot
-tell—our fate in this world is decided by such trivial
-events. At any rate, I have spared him one stroke—he
-will be stronger next time to refuse for himself.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I should not have dreamed of all this! Why I
-thought it was only his Parisian gallantry that made
-him join with you; but, then, if he has once been
-dissipated, the case is hopeless.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, no Lucy, not hopeless; when a strong judgment
-is once convinced, it is the absence of reflection,
-or a little moral courage, at first, that ruins so
-many.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Excellent, excellent,” cried the lively Mrs.
-Moore, who came up just in time to hear Isabel’s
-closing sentence—“If Miss Gray is not turned temperance
-lecturer! Come, ladies, let her have a numerous
-audience while she is about it. Ah, I know
-you think to get into Father Mathew’s good graces.
-Shall you call upon him when he arrives, and offer
-your services as assistant?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“We were discussing the possibility of entire reformation,”
-said Isabel, calmly, quite unmoved by
-Mrs. Moore’s covert sarcasms, to the ladies who now
-gathered round the lounge on which she sat. “The
-reformation of a man who has been once intemperate,
-I mean.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, intemperance is so shockingly vulgar, my
-dear,” quavered forth Mrs. Bradford, the stately aunt
-of the hostess. “How can you talk about such
-things. No, to be sure, when a man is once dissipated,
-you might as well give him up. He’s lost to
-society, <span class='it'>that’s certain</span>; besides, we women have
-nothing to do with it.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I beg your pardon, my dear madam, but I think
-we have a great deal to do, though not in the way of
-assisting Father Matthew to address Temperance
-Conventions, as Mrs. Moore kindly suggests. Moreover,
-I have known a confirmed inebriate, so supposed,
-to give up all his old associations, and become
-a useful and honorable member of society.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Tell us about it, please, Miss Gray,” urged
-Emily Bradford, deeply interested. “There will be
-plenty of time before the gentlemen come in.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>And as the request was seconded by many voices,
-Isabel told her simple tale.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'><a id='r1'/><a href='#f1' style='text-decoration:none'><sup><span style='font-size:0.9em'>[1]</span></sup></a>“There is no romance about it, Miss Emily;
-but you remember those pretty habit shirts you admired
-so much last fall—and <span class='it'>you</span> have seen me wear
-them, Mrs. Moore. They were made by a woman—a
-<span class='it'>lady</span> whom I first saw years ago, when I passed
-my vacations at Milton, a little town not far from
-Harrisburg. My Aunt Gray was very domestic, and
-thought it no disgrace to the wife of a judge, and
-one of the most prominent men in the state, to see
-after her own household.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“There was a piece of linen to be made up one
-vacation; and I remember going into my aunt’s
-room and finding her surrounded by ‘sleeves and
-gussets and bands’—cutting out and arranging them
-with the most exemplary patience. ‘Pray, aunt,
-why do you bother yourself with such things,’ I
-said, for I was full of boarding-school notions on
-the dignity of <span class='it'>idleness</span>. ‘Why don’t you leave it
-for a seamstress.’</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘If you will go with me this afternoon to see my
-seamstress, you will find out. I should like you to
-see her.’ And that afternoon our walk ended at a
-plain brown frame house, with nothing to relieve its
-unsightliness but a luxuriant morning-glory vine,
-which covered one of the lower windows.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘How is Mrs. Hall to-day?’ aunt said to a dirty
-little fellow who was making sand pies on the front
-step.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘She’s in there,’ was all the answer we received,
-as he pointed toward a door on the right of
-the little hall.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘Come in,’ said a faint and very gentle voice;
-and, at first, I could hardly see who had spoken, the
-room was so shaded by the leafy curtain which had
-interlaced its fragile stems over the front window.
-There was a neat rag carpet on the floor; a few
-plain chairs, a table, and a bureau, ranged round the
-room; but drawn near the window, so that the light
-fell directly upon it, was a bed, covered by a well-worn
-counterpane, though, like everything else, it
-was very neat and clean—and here, supported in a
-sitting posture by pillows, was my aunt’s seamstress.
-I do not think she had been naturally beautiful—but
-her features, wasted by long illness, were very delicate,
-and her eyes were large, and with the brilliancy
-you sometimes see in consumptives, yet a look of
-inexpressible sadness. She was very pale in that
-soft emerald light made by the foliage, and this was
-relieved by a faint hectic that, if possible, increased
-the pallor. She smiled as she saw my aunt, and
-welcomed us both very gratefully. As she held
-out her long thin hand, you could see every blue
-vein distinctly. I noticed that she wore a thimble,
-and around her, on the bed, were scattered bits of
-linen and sewing implements. You cannot tell how
-strange it seemed to see her take up a wristband and
-bend over it, setting stitch after stitch with the regularity
-of an automaton, while she talked with us.
-She seemed already dying, and this industry was almost
-painful to witness.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I gathered from her conversation with my aunt,—while
-I looked on and wondered,—that Mrs. Hall
-had long been a confirmed invalid. They even spoke
-of a ruptured blood-vessel, from the effects of which
-she was now suffering. She did not complain—there
-was not a single murmur at her illness, or the
-hard fate that compelled her to work for her daily
-bread. I never saw such perfect cheerfulness, and
-yet I knew, from the contracted features and teasing
-cough, that she was suffering intensely. The little
-savage we had seen on our arrival, proved to be the
-son of her landlady, who was also her nurse and
-waiting-maid.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I was very much interested, and, by the time we
-bade her good-bye, I had sketched out quite a romance,
-in which I was sure she had been the principal
-actor.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘Poor lady,’ said I, the instant we were out of
-the gate. ‘Why do you let her work, aunt? Why
-don’t you take her home, you have so many vacant
-rooms—or, at least, I should think, there were rich
-people enough in Milton to support her entirely. She
-does not look fit to hold a needle. Has she no children?
-and when did her husband die?—was she
-very wealthy?’</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I poured out my questions so fast that aunt had
-no time to answer any one of them, and I had been
-so much engaged, that I had not noticed a man reeling
-along the side-walk toward us, until just in time
-to escape the rude contact of his touch, from which
-I shrunk, almost shrieking.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘Who told you that Mrs. Hall was a widow,
-Isabel?’ said aunt, to divert me from my mishap.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘Nobody; but I knew it at once, as soon as I
-looked at her; how lonely she must be—and how
-terrible to see one’s best friend die, and know you
-cannot call them back again.’</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘Not half so dreadful, dear,’ answered she, very
-seriously, ‘as to live on from day to day and see the
-gradual death of the soul, while the body is unwasted.
-It would be a happy day for Mrs. Hall that
-made her a widow, though she, poor thing, might
-not think so. That wretched inebriate’—and she
-pointed to the man we had just met—‘is her husband;
-and this is why she plies her needle when we
-would willingly save her from all labor. She cannot
-bear that <span class='it'>he</span> should be indebted to the charity of
-strangers.’</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It was even so, for the poor fellow had reached
-the garden-gate, and was staggering in.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘So he goes home to her day after day,’ continued
-aunt; ‘and so it has been since a few years
-after their marriage. When I first came here, he
-had a neat shop in the village, and was considered
-one of the most promising young men in the neighborhood.
-Such an excellent workman—such a clever
-fellow—so fond and proud of his wife; and everybody
-said that Charlotte Adams had married ‘out of
-all trouble,’ in the country phrase. Poor girl! she
-had only entered a sea of misfortunes—for, from the
-death of her only child, a fine little fellow, they have
-been going down. It is a common story. First, the
-shop was given up, and he worked by the day; not
-long after, they moved to a smaller house, and sold
-most of their furniture. It was then she first commenced
-sewing, and, with all her industry she could
-scarcely get along. She could never deny him money
-when she had it—and this, with his own earnings,
-were spent at the tavern. She remonstrated
-in vain. He would promise to do better—in his
-sober moments he was all contrition, and called himself
-a wretch to grieve such a good wife. I do not
-believe she has ever reproached him, save by a
-glance of sorrowful entreaty, such as I have often
-seen her give when he entered as now he is going
-to her.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘She was never very well, and under repeated
-trials, and sorrow and mortification, her health gave
-way. Many a time have I parted with her, never
-expecting to see her alive again; but there is some
-concealed principle of vitality which supports her.
-Perhaps it is the hope that she will yet see her husband
-what he has been. I fear she hopes in vain,
-for if there was ever a man given over to the demon
-of intemperance it is James Hall. But it is for this
-reason that she refuses the assistance of her acquaintances,
-and works on from day to day, sometimes as
-now unable to leave her bed. Of course she is well
-paid, and has plenty of work, for everybody pities
-her, and all admire the wonderful patience, cheerfulness
-and industry which she exhibits. She never
-speaks to any one, even to me, of her husband’s
-faults. If she ever mentions him it is to say, ‘James
-has been such a good nurse this week—he has the
-kindest heart in the world.’ ‘She is a heroine,’ exclaimed
-my aunt warmly. ‘The best wife I ever
-knew—and if there is mercy in heaven, she will be
-repaid for all she has suffered in this world.’</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘Poor lady,’ I thought and said a hundred times
-that week. I suppose I must have tired everybody
-with talking about Mrs. Hall.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And did you ever see her again—<span class='it'>did</span> she die,
-Miss Gray?” asked Emily Bradford, as Isabel paused
-in her narration.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I told you she made those pretty habit shirts for
-me. They were not in fashion in those days if you
-will recollect. The first summer after my debut in
-society I passed at Milton. I never shall forget the
-second evening of my visit. If you recollect, there
-was a great temperance movement through all our
-towns and villages just about that time. Reformed
-inebriates had become the apostles of temperance,
-and went from village to village, rousing the inhabitants
-by their unlearned but wonderful eloquence.
-Mass meetings were held in the town-ball at Milton
-nightly, and by uncle’s invitation, for he went heart
-and hand with the newly awakened spirit of reform,
-aunt and myself accompanied him to one of these
-strange gatherings. It was with the greatest difficulty
-we could get a seat. Rough laborers, with their
-wives and children, crowded side by side with the
-<span class='it'>élite</span> of the little place; boys of every age and size
-filled up the interstices, with a strange variety of
-faces and expressions. The speaker of the evening
-was introduced just as we entered. He was tall,
-with a wan, haggard-looking face, and the most
-brilliant, flashing eyes I ever saw. A few months
-ago he had been on outcast from society, and now,
-with a frame weakened by past excesses, but with
-a spirit as strong as that which animated the old reformers,
-he stood forth, going as it were ‘from
-house to house, saying peace be unto you.’ Peace
-which had fled from his own hearth when he gave
-way to temptation, but which now returning urged
-him to bear glad tidings to other homes.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I never listened to such strange and thrilling eloquence.
-I have seen Fanny Kemble as Portia
-plead with Shylock with all the energy of justice,
-and the force of her passionate nature, but though
-that was beyond my powers of conception, I was
-not moved as now. With what touching pathos he
-recounted the sorrows, the wasting, mournful want
-endured by the drunkard’s wife! The sickness of
-hope deferred and crushed—the destruction of all
-happiness here, or hope of it hereafter! It was what
-his own eyes had seen, his own acts had caused—and
-it was the eloquence of simple truth. More
-than one thought of poor Mrs. Hall, I am sure. As
-for myself, I know not when I have been so excited,
-and after the exhausted speaker had concluded his
-thrilling appeal, and the whole rude assembly joined
-in a song arranged to the plaintive air of Auld Lang
-Syne—more like a triumphal chant it seemed, as it
-surged through the room—I forgot all rules of form,
-and though I had sung nothing but tame Italian <span class='it'>cavatinas</span>
-for years, my voice rose with the rest, forgetful
-of all but the scene around me.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Scarce had the last strains died away, when
-through the crowded aisles, passing the very seat
-we occupied, some one pressed forward with trembling
-eagerness. At first I did not recognize him—but
-uncle started and made way for him to the
-table in front of the speaker’s seat. A confused
-murmur of voices ran through the room, as one and
-another saw him grasp the printed pledge which
-was lying there, with the eagerness of a dying man.
-The first name subscribed to the solemn promise of
-total abstinence that night was <span class='sc'>James Hall</span>. When
-it was announced by my uncle himself, whose voice
-was fairly tremulous with pleasure, the effect was
-electrical. The whole assembly rose, and the room
-rang with three cheers from stentorian voices. All
-order was at an end. Men of all classes and conditions
-pressed forward to take him by the hand, and
-more names were affixed to the pledge that night
-than any one could have counted on.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It was a proud tribute paid to woman’s influence,
-when James Hall grasping the hand of the speaker
-ejaculated—‘Oh! it was the picture you drew of
-what my poor wife has suffered. Heaven bless
-her! she has been an angel to me—poor wretch that
-I am.’</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“My aunt’s first impulse was to fly to Mrs. Hall
-with the good news, but ‘let him be the bearer of
-the glad tidings himself,’ she said afterward. ‘We
-will offer our congratulations to-morrow.’ And
-never were congratulations more sincerely received
-than by that pale invalid, trembling even yet with
-the fear that her great happiness was not real.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh! very well,” broke in Mrs. Bradford.
-“Quite a scene, my dear; you should have been a
-novelist. But did he keep it?—<span class='it'>that’s</span> the thing.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You would not ask, my dear madam,” answered
-Isabel, “if you could have witnessed another
-‘scene,’ as you term it, in which Mrs. Hall was an
-actor.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“There is a pretty little cottage standing at the
-very foot of the lane which leads to my uncle’s
-house. This has been built since that memorable
-evening by Mr. Hall, now considered the best workman,
-and one of the most respected men in Milton;
-and it was furnished by his wife’s industry. Her
-health was restored as if by a miracle; it was indeed
-such, but wrought by the returned industry,
-self-respect, and devotion of her husband. My aunt
-and myself were her guests only a few months ago,
-the evening of her removal to her new home.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“We entered before her little preparations were
-quite finished, and found Mrs. Hall arranging some
-light window curtains for the prettily furnished parlor,
-while a fine curly-haired, blue-eyed little fellow
-was rolling on the carpet at her feet. She was still
-pale, and will never be strong again, but a happier
-wife and mother this world cannot contain. Her
-reward has been equal to her great self-sacrifice,
-and not only this, but the example of her husband
-has reformed many of his old associates, who at
-first jeered at him when he refused to join them.
-There is not a bar now in all Milton, for one cannot
-be supported.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>More than one thoughtless girl in the little group
-clustered around Isabel began, for the first time, to
-feel their responsibility as women, when her little
-narrative was concluded. But the current of thought
-and education is not so easily turned, and by the
-time the gentlemen entered the room, most of them
-had forgotten every thing but a desire to outshine each
-other in their good graces.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Emily Bradford alone remained in the shadow of
-a curtain, quiet and apart; and as she stood there
-musing, her heart beat faster, it may be, with an unacknowledged
-pang of jealousy as she saw Robert
-Lewis speaking earnestly with Isabel.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Heaven bless you, Miss Gray, I confess I
-wavered—you have made me ashamed of my weakness;
-I will not mind their taunting now,” was all
-that the grateful, warm-hearted man could say; and
-he knew by the friendly clasp of Isabel’s hand that
-nothing more was needed. Who among that group
-of noble and beautiful women had more reason for
-happiness than Isabel Gray? Ah, my sisters, if you
-could but realise that all beauty and grace are but
-talents entrusted to your keeping, and that the happiness
-of many may rest upon the most trivial act,
-you would not use that loveliness for an ignoble
-triumph, or so thoughtlessly tread the path of daily
-life!</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk112'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, Isabel,” said Lucy Rushton, bursting into
-her cousin’s room, some two years from the scenes
-we have recorded, “what am I to do? Pray advise
-me, for you always know every thing.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Not quite as wise as that, dear, but what am I
-to do for you?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, Emily Bradford has been proposed for by
-young Lewis, and aunt, who sees only his wealth
-and connections, is crazy for the match. Emily
-really loves him devotedly; and what am I to do,
-knowing how near he once came to downright intemperance?
-Is it my duty, or is it not, to tell aunt?
-It has no effect on Emily, and, besides, he confessed
-it all to her when he proposed.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And what does she say?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Why, it’s your fault, after all, for she quotes a
-story you told that same night I heard about his folly.
-You told me that, too. Well, he declares he has
-not drank a glass of wine since then, and never will
-again. Particularly if he has Emily for his guiding
-angel, I suppose, and all that sort of thing. And she
-believes him, of course.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well, ‘of course’—don’t say it so despairingly;
-why not? I do, most assuredly. I might perhaps
-have distrusted the reformation if it had been solely
-on Emily’s account, a pledge made to gain her, but
-if I am not very much mistaken, I think I can trace
-their attachment to that same eventful night, but I
-am very certain he did not declare himself until
-quite recently.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“So I am to let Emily run the risk?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes, if she chooses it; though I do not think
-there is much. I should have no hesitation to marry
-Lewis if I loved him. Emily is a thoughtful, sensible
-girl. She does not act without judgment, and
-she is just the woman to be the wife of an impulsive,
-generous man like Lewis. Sufficient time has elapsed
-to try his principles, and her companionship will
-strengthen them.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>And so it proved, for there are now few happier
-homes than the cheerful, hospitable household over
-which Emily Lewis presides. Isabel Gray is always
-a favorite guest, and Robert predicts that she will
-never marry. It may prove so, for she is not of
-those who would sacrifice herself for fortune, or
-give her hand to any man she did not thoroughly respect
-and sympathise with, to escape that really
-very tolerable fate—becoming an old maid.</p>
-
-<hr class='footnotemark'/>
-
-<div class='footnote'>
-<table summary='footnote_1'>
-<colgroup>
-<col span='1' style='width: 3em;'/>
-<col span='1'/>
-</colgroup>
-<tr><td style='vertical-align:top;'>
-<div id='f1'><a href='#r1'>[1]</a></div>
-</td><td>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The circumstances here related are substantially true.</p>
-
-</td></tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='tbk113'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='port'></a>ON A PORTRAIT OF CROMWELL.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY JAMES T. FIELDS.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>“Paint me as I am,” said Cromwell,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Rough with age, and gashed with wars—</p>
-<p class='line'>“Show my visage as you find it—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Less than truth my soul abhors!”</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>This was he whose mustering phalanx</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Swept the foe at Marston Moor;</p>
-<p class='line'>This was he whose arm uplifted</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;From the dust the fainting poor.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>God had made his face uncomely—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;“Paint me as I am,” he said,</p>
-<p class='line'>So he <span class='it'>lives</span> upon the canvas</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Whom they chronicled as <span class='it'>dead</span>!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Simple justice he requested</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;At the artist’s glowing hands,</p>
-<p class='line'>“Simple justice!” from his ashes</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Cries a voice that still commands.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>And, behold! the page of History,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Centuries dark with Cromwell’s name,</p>
-<p class='line'>Shines to-day with thrilling lustre</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;From the light of Cromwell’s fame!</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk114'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='seas'></a>A SEA-SIDE REVERIE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY ENNA DUVAL.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>These white-capped waves roll on with pride, as if</p>
-<p class='line'>The myth that ancient poësy did tell</p>
-<p class='line'>Were true, and they did bear upon their breasts</p>
-<p class='line'>King Néreus with state most royal. How</p>
-<p class='line'>They leap and toss aloft their snowy crests;</p>
-<p class='line'>And now a tumbling billow springing up</p>
-<p class='line'>In air, does dash and bound—another comes—</p>
-<p class='line'>Then playfully they meet, with bursting swell</p>
-<p class='line'>Dashing their spray-wreaths on the shelving shore,</p>
-<p class='line'>And quick the ripples hasten back, as if</p>
-<p class='line'>To join the Ocëanides wild glee.</p>
-<p class='line'>But when the beaming sunlight fades away</p>
-<p class='line'>And storm-clouds gather—then the rolling waves,</p>
-<p class='line'>Without a light, sweep on, and soon is heard</p>
-<p class='line'>The under-current’s deep and solemn tones,</p>
-<p class='line'>As on the shore it breaks.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;How like to life</p>
-<p class='line'>These ocean waves! When beaming with the rays</p>
-<p class='line'>Of sunny Joy, Youths cresting billows bound,</p>
-<p class='line'>Its frolick waves leap up with gleeful laugh,</p>
-<p class='line'>Glitt’ring with pleasure’s light; but lo! a cloud</p>
-<p class='line'>Obscures Life’s sky, and sorrow’s storm awakes,</p>
-<p class='line'>The heavy swell of grief comes rolling on,</p>
-<p class='line'>And all the sparkles of Life’s waves are gone!</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk115'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='163' id='Page_163'></span><h1><a id='bride'></a>THE BRIDE OF THE BATTLE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-weight:bold;'>A SOUTHERN NOVELET.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY W. GILMORE SIMMS.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:1em;'>(<span class='it'>Concluded from page 91.</span>)</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER VIII.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It was with feelings of a tumultuous satisfaction
-that Mat Dunbar found himself in possession of this
-new prize. He at once conceived a new sense of
-his power, and prepared to avail himself of all his
-advantages. But we must suffer our friend Brough
-to become the narrator of this portion of our history.
-Anxious about events, Coulter persuaded the old
-African, nothing loth, to set forth on a scouting expedition
-to the farmstead. Following his former
-footsteps, which had been hitherto planted in security,
-the negro made his way, an hour before daylight,
-toward the cabin in which Mimy, and her
-companion Lizzy, a young girl of sixteen, were
-housed. They, too, had been compelled to change
-their abodes under the tory usurpation; and now occupied
-an ancient tenement of logs, which in its
-time had gone through a curious history. It had
-first been a hog-pen, next a hunter’s lodge; had stabled
-horses, and had been made a temporary fortress
-during Indian warfare. It was ample in its
-dimensions—made of heavy cypresses; but the clay
-which had filled its interstices had fallen out; of the
-chimney nothing remained but the fire-place; and
-one end of the cabin, from the decay of two or more
-of its logs, had taken such on inclination downward,
-as to leave the security which it offered of exceedingly
-dubious value. The negro does not much regard
-these things, however, and old Mimy enjoyed
-her sleeps here quite as well as at her more comfortable
-kitchen. The place, indeed, possessed some
-advantages under the peculiar circumstances. It
-stood on the edge of a limestone sink-hole—one of
-those wonderful natural cavities with which the
-country abounds. This was girdled by cypresses
-and pines, and, fortunately for Brough, at this moment,
-when a drought prevailed, entirely free from
-water. A negro loves any thing, perhaps, better than
-water—he would sooner bathe in the sun than in the
-stream, and would rather wade through a forest full
-of snakes than suffuse his epidermis unnecessarily
-with an element which no one will insist was made
-for his uses. It was important that the sink-hole
-near Mimy’s abode should be dry at this juncture,
-for it was here that Brough found his hiding place.
-He could approach this place under cover of the
-woods. There was an awkward interval of twelve
-or fifteen feet, it is true, between this place and the
-hovel, which the inmates had stripped of all its
-growth in the search for fuel, but a dusky form, on a
-dusky night, careful to crawl over the space, might
-easily escape the casual glance of a drowsy sentinel;
-and Brough was partisan enough to know that the
-best caution implies occasional exposure. He was
-not unwilling to incur the risk. We must not detail
-his progress. Enough that, by dint of crouching,
-crawling, creeping, rolling and sliding, he had contrived
-to bury himself, at length, under the wigwam,
-occupying the space, in part, of a decayed log connected
-with the clayed chimney; and fitting himself
-to the space in the log, from which he had scratched
-out the rotten fragments, as snugly as if he were a
-part of it. Thus, with his head toward the fire,
-looking within—his body hidden from those within
-by the undecayed portions of the timber, with
-Mimy on his side of the fire-place, squat upon the
-hearth, and busy with the <span class='it'>hominy</span> pot, Brough might
-carry on the most interesting conversation in the
-world, in whispers, and occasionally be fed from the
-spoon of his spouse, or drink from the calabash,
-without any innocent person suspecting his propinquity.
-We will suppose him thus quietly ensconced,
-his old woman beside him, and deeply buried in the
-domestic histories which he came to hear. We must
-suppose all the preliminaries to be dispatched already,
-which, in the case of an African <span class='it'>dramatis personæ</span>,
-are usually wonderfully minute and copious.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And dis nigger, Tory, he’s maussa yer for true?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I tell you, Brough, he’s desp’r’t bad! He tak’
-ebbry ting for he’sef! He sway (swears) ebbry ting
-for him—we nigger, de plantation, boss, hog, hominy;
-and ef young misses no marry um—you yeddy?
-(hear)—he will hang de maussa up to de sapling,
-same as you hang scarecrow in de cornfiel’!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Brough groaned in the bitterness of his spirit.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Wha’ for do, Brough?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Who gwine say? I ’spec he mus fight for um
-yet. Mass Dick no chicken! He gwine fight like
-de debbil, soon he get strong, ’fore dis ting gwine
-happen. He hab sodger, and more for come. Parson
-’Lijah gwine fight too—and dis nigger’s gwine
-fight, sooner dan dis tory ride, whip and spur, ober
-we plantation.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Why, wha’ you tink dese tory say to me,
-Brough?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Wha’ he say, woman?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“He say he gwine gib me hundred lash ef I no get
-he breckkus (breakfast) by day peep in de morning!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“De tory wha’ put hick’ry ’pon your back, chicken,
-he hab answer to Brough.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You will fight for me, Brough?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Wid gun and bagnet, my chicken.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah, I blieb you, Brough; you was always lub
-me wid you’ sperrit!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Enty you blieb? You will see some day! You
-got ’noder piece of bacon in de pot, Mimy? Dis
-hom’ny ’mos’ too dry in de t’roat.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Leetle piece.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Gi’ me.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>His creature wants were accordingly supplied.
-We must not forget that the dialogue was carried on
-in the intervals in which he paused from eating the
-supper which, in anticipation of his coming, the old
-woman had provided. Then followed the recapitulation
-of the narrative, details being furnished
-which showed that Dunbar, desperate from opposition
-to his will, had thrown off all the restraints of
-social fear and decency, and was urging his measures
-against old Sabb and his daughter with tyrannical
-severity. He had given the old man a sufficient
-taste of his power, enough to make him dread
-the exercise of what remained. This rendered him
-now, what he had never been before, the advocate
-himself with his daughter in behalf of the loyalist.
-Sabb’s virtue was not of a self-sacrificing nature.
-He was not a bad man—was rather what the world
-esteems a good one. He was just, as well as he
-knew to be, in his dealings with a neighbor; was
-not wanting in that charity, which, having first
-ascertained its own excess of goods, gives a certain
-proportion to the needy; he had offerings for the
-church, and solicited its prayers. But he had not
-the courage and strength of character to be virtuous
-in spite of circumstances. In plain language, he
-valued the securities and enjoyments of his homestead,
-even at the peril of his daughter’s happiness.
-He urged with tears and reproaches, that soon became
-vehement, the suit of Dunbar as if it had been
-his own; and even his good <span class='it'>vrow</span>, Minnecker Sabb,
-overwhelmed by his afflictions and her own, joined
-somewhat in his entreaty. We may imagine poor
-Frederica’s afflictions. She had not dared to reveal
-to either the secret of her marriage with Coulter.
-She now dreaded its discovery, in regard to the probable
-effect which it might have upon Dunbar.
-What limit would there be to his fury and brutality,
-should the fact become known to him? How measure
-his rage—how meet its excesses? She trembled
-as she reflected upon the possibility of his
-making the discovery; and while inly swearing eternal
-fidelity to her husband, she resolved still to keep
-her secret close from all, looking to the chapter of
-providential events for that hope which she had not
-the power to draw from any thing within human
-probability. Her eyes naturally turned to her husband,
-first of all mortal agents. But she had no
-voice which could reach to him—and what was his
-condition? She conjectured the visits of old Brough
-to his spouse, but with these she was prevented
-from all secret conference. Her hope was, that
-Mimy, seeing and hearing for herself, would duly
-report to the African; and he, she well knew, would
-keep nothing from her husband. We have witnessed
-the conference between this venerable couple.
-The result corresponded with the anticipations of
-Frederica. Brough hurried back with his gloomy
-tidings to the place of hiding in the swamp; and
-Coulter, still suffering somewhat from his wound,
-and conscious of the inadequate force at his control,
-for the rescue of his wife and people, was almost
-maddened by the intelligence. He looked around
-upon his party, now increased to seven men, not including
-the parson. But Elijah Fields was a host
-in himself. The men were also true and capable—good
-riflemen, good scouts, and as fearless as they
-were faithful. The troop under Dunbar consisted
-of eighteen men, all well armed and mounted. The
-odds were great, but the despair of Richard Coulter
-was prepared to overlook all inequalities. Nor was
-Fields disposed to discourage him.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“There is no hope but in ourselves, Elijah,” was
-the remark of Coulter.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Truly, and in God!” was the reply.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“We must make the effort.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Verily, we must.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“We have seven men, not counting yourself,
-Elijah.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I too am a man, Richard;” said the other,
-calmly.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“A good man and a brave; do I not know it,
-Elijah? But we should not expose you on ordinary
-occasions.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“This is no ordinary occasion, Richard.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“True, true! And you propose to go with us,
-Elijah?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No, Richard! I will go before you. I <span class='it'>must</span> go
-to prevent outrage. I must show to Dunbar that
-Frederica is your wife. It is my duty to testify in
-this proceeding. I am the first witness.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But your peril, Elijah! He will become furious
-as a wild beast when he hears. He will proceed
-to the most desperate excesses.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It will be for you to interpose at the proper moment.
-You must be at hand. As for me, I doubt if
-there will be much if any peril. I will go unarmed.
-Dunbar, while he knows that I am with you, does
-not know that I have ever lifted weapon in the cause.
-He will probably respect my profession. At all
-events, I <span class='it'>must</span> interpose and save him from a great
-sin, and a cruel and useless violence. When he
-knows that Frederica is irrevocably married, he will
-probably give up the pursuit. If Brough’s intelligence
-be true, he must know it now or never.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Be it so;” said Coulter. “And now that you
-have made your determination, I will make mine.
-The odds are desperate, so desperate, indeed, that I
-build my hope somewhat on that very fact. Dunbar
-knows my feebleness, and does not fear me. I must
-effect a surprise. If we can do this, with the first
-advantage, we will make a rush, and club rifles.
-Do you go up in the dug-out, and alone, while we
-make a circuit by land. We can be all ready in five
-minutes, and perhaps we should set out at once.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Right!” answered the preacher; “but are you
-equal to the struggle, Richard?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The young man upheaved his powerful bulk, and
-leaping up to the bough which spread over him,
-grasped the extended limb with a single hand, and
-drew himself across it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Good!” was the reply. “But you are still stiff.
-I have seen you do it much more easily. Still you
-will do, if you will only economise your breath.
-There is one preparation first to be made, Richard.
-Call up the men.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>They were summoned with a single, shrill whistle,
-and Coulter soon put them in possession of the adventure
-that lay before them. It needed neither argument
-nor entreaty to persuade them into a declaration
-of readiness for the encounter. Their enthusiasm
-was grateful to their leader whom they personally
-loved.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And now, my brethren,” said Elijah Fields, “I
-am about to leave you, and we are all about to engage
-in a work of peril. We know not what will
-happen. We know not that we shall meet again.
-It is proper only that we should confess our sins to
-God, and invoke his mercy and protection. My
-brothers—let us pray!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>With these words, the party sunk upon their
-knees, Brough placing himself behind Coulter. Fervent
-and simple was the prayer of the preacher—inartificial
-but highly touching. Our space does not
-suffer us to record it, or to describe the scene, so
-simple, yet so imposing. The eyes of the rough
-men were moistened, their hearts softened, yet
-strengthened. They rose firm and resolute to meet
-the worst issues of life and death, and, embracing
-each of them in turn, Brough not excepted, Elijah
-Fields led the way to the enemy, by embarking alone
-in the canoe. Coulter, with his party, soon followed,
-taking the route through the forest.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER IX.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the meantime, our captain of loyalists had gone
-forward in his projects with a very free and fearless
-footstep. The course which he pursued, in the present
-instance, is one of a thousand instances which
-go to illustrate the perfect recklessness with which
-the British conquerors, and their baser allies, regarded
-the claims of humanity, where the interests,
-the rights, or the affections of the whig inhabitants
-of South Carolina were concerned. Though resolutely
-rejected by Frederica, Dunbar yet seemed determined
-to attach no importance to her refusal, but,
-dispatching a messenger to the village of Orangeburg,
-he brought from thence one Nicholas Veitch, a
-Scotch Presbyterian parson, for the avowed object
-of officiating at his wedding rites. The parson, who
-was a good man enough perhaps, was yet a weak
-and timid one, wanting that courage which boldly
-flings itself between the victim and his tyrant. He
-was brought into the Dutchman’s cottage, which
-Dunbar now occupied. Thither also was Frederica
-brought, much against her will; indeed, only under
-the coercive restraint of a couple of dragoons. Her
-parents were neither of them present, and the following
-dialogue ensued between Dunbar and herself;
-Veitch being the only witness.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Here, Frederica,” said Dunbar, “you see the
-parson. He comes to marry us. The consent of
-your parents has been already given, and it is useless
-for you any longer to oppose your childish
-scruples to what is now unavoidable. This day, I
-am resolved, that we are to be made man and wife.
-Having the consent of your father and mother, there
-is no reason for not having yours.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Where are they?” was the question of Frederica.
-Her face was very pale, but her lips were firm, and
-her eyes gazed without faltering into those of her
-oppressor.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“They will be present when the time comes.
-They will be present at the ceremony.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then they will never be present!” she answered,
-firmly.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Beware, girl, how you provoke me! You little
-know the power I have to punish—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You have no power upon my voice or my heart.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ha!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The preacher interposed, “My daughter be persuaded.
-The consent of your parents should be
-enough to incline you to Captain Dunbar. They
-are surely the best judges of what is good for their
-children.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I cannot and I will not marry with Captain
-Dunbar.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Beware, Frederica,” said Dunbar, in a voice
-studiously subdued, but with great difficulty—the
-passion speaking out in his fiery looks, and his frame
-that trembled with its emotions.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“‘Beware, Frederica!’ Of what should I beware?
-Your power? Your power may kill me. It
-can scarcely go farther. Know, then, that I am prepared
-to die sooner than marry you!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Though dreadfully enraged, the manner of Dunbar
-was still carefully subdued. His words were enunciated
-in tones of a laborious calm, as he replied,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You are mistaken in your notions of the extent
-of my power. It can reach where you little imagine.
-But I do not desire to use it. I prefer that you should
-give me your hand without restraint or coercion.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That I have told you is impossible.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Nay, it is not impossible.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Solemnly, on my knees, I assure you that never
-can I, or will I, while I preserve my consciousness,
-consent to be your wife.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The action was suited to the words. She sunk on
-her knees as she spoke, and her hands were clasped
-and her eyes uplifted, as if taking a solemn oath to
-heaven. Dunbar rushed furiously toward her.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Girl!” he exclaimed, “will you drive me to madness.
-Will you compel me to do what I would not!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The preacher interposed. The manner of Dunbar
-was that of a man about to strike his enemy. Even
-Frederica closed her eyes, expecting the blow.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Let me endeavor to persuade the damsel, my
-brother,” was the suggestion of Veitch. Dunbar
-turned away, and went toward the window, leaving
-the field to the preacher. To all the entreaties of
-the latter Frederica made the same reply.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Though death stared me in the face, I should
-never marry that man!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Death shall stare you in the face,” was the fierce
-cry of Dunbar. “Nay, you shall behold him in such
-terrors as you have never fancied yet, but you shall
-be brought to know and to submit to my power.
-Ho, there! Nesbitt, bring out the prisoner.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This order naturally startled Frederica. She had
-continued kneeling. She now rose to her feet. In
-the same moment Dunbar turned to where she stood,
-full of fearful expectation, grasped her by the wrist,
-and dragged her to the window. She raised her
-head, gave but one glance at the scene before her,
-and fell back swooning. The cruel spectacle which
-she had been made to witness, was that of her father,
-surrounded by a guard, and the halter about his
-neck, waiting only the terrible word from the ruffian
-in authority.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In that sight, the unhappy girl lost all consciousness.
-She would have fallen upon the ground, but
-that the hand of Dunbar still grasped her wrist. He
-now supported her in his arms.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Marry us at once,” he cried to Veitch.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But she can’t understand—she can’t answer,”
-replied the priest.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That’s as it should be,” answered Dunbar, with
-a laugh; “silence always gives consent.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The reply seemed to be satisfactory, and Veitch
-actually stood forward to officiate in the disgraceful
-ceremony, when a voice at the entrance drew the
-attention of the parties within. It was that of Elijah
-Fields. How he had made his way to the building
-without arrest or interruption is only to be accounted
-for by his pacific progress—his being without
-weapons, and his well-known priestly character.
-It may have been thought by the troopers, knowing
-what was in hand, that he also had been sent for;
-and probably something may be ascribed to the
-excitement of most of the parties about the dwelling.
-At all events, Fields reached it without interruption,
-and the first intimation that Dunbar had of his presence
-was from his own lips.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I forbid this proceeding in the name and by the
-authority of God,” was the stern interruption. “The
-girl is already married!”</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER X.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Let us now retrace our steps and follow those of
-Richard Coulter and his party. We have seen what
-has been the progress of Elijah Fields. The route
-which he pursued was considerably longer than that
-of his comrades; but the difference of time was fully
-equalized by the superior and embarrassing caution
-which they were compelled to exercise. The result
-was to bring them to the common centre at nearly
-the same moment, though the policy of Coulter required
-a different course of conduct from that of
-Fields. Long before he reached the neighborhood
-of old Sabb’s farm, he had compelled his troopers to
-dismount, and hide their horses in the forest. They
-then made their way forward on foot. Richard
-Coulter was expert in all the arts of the partisan.
-Though eager to grapple with his enemy, and impatient
-to ascertain and arrest the dangers of his
-lovely wife, he yet made his approaches with a
-proper caution. The denseness of the forest route
-enabled him easily to do so, and making a considerable
-circuit, he drew nigh to the upper part of
-the farmstead, in which stood the obscure out-house,
-which, when Dunbar had taken possession of the
-mansion, he assigned to the aged couple. This he
-found deserted. He little dreamed for what reason,
-or in what particular emergency the old Dutchman
-stood at that very moment. Making another circuit,
-he came upon a copse, in which four of Dunbar’s
-troopers were grouped together in a state of fancied
-security. Their horses were fastened in the woods,
-and they lay upon the ground, greedily interested
-with a pack of greasy cards, which had gone through
-the campaign. The favorite game of that day was
-<span class='it'>Old Sledge</span>, or <span class='it'>All Fours</span>, or <span class='it'>Seven Up</span>; by all of
-which names it was indiscriminately known. Poker,
-and Brag, and Loo, and Monte, and <span class='it'>Vingt’un</span>, were
-then unknown in that region. These are all modern
-innovations, in the substitution of which good morals
-have made few gains. Dragoons, in all countries,
-are notoriously sad fellows, famous for swearing and
-gambling. Those of Dunbar were no exception to the
-rule. Our tory captain freely indulged them in the practice.
-He himself played with them when the humor
-suited. The four upon whom Coulter came were not
-on duty, though they wore their swords. Their holsters
-lay with their saddles across a neighboring log,
-not far off, but not immediately within reach. Coulter
-saw his opportunity; the temptation was great; but
-these were not exactly his prey—not yet, at all
-events. To place one man, well armed with rifle
-and pair of pistols, in a situation to cover the group
-at any moment, and between them and the farmstead,
-was his plan; and this done, he proceeded on his
-way. His policy was to make his first blow at the
-head of the enemy—his very citadel—trusting somewhat
-to the scattered <a id='cond'></a>condition of the party, and the
-natural effect of such an alarm to scatter them the
-more. All this was managed with great prudence,
-and with two more of his men set to watch over two
-other groups of the dragoons, he pushed forward
-with the remaining four until he reached the verge
-of the wood, just where it opened upon the settlement.
-Here he had a full view of the spectacle—his
-own party unseen—and the prospect was such
-as to compel his instant feeling of the necessity of
-early action. It was at the moment which exhibited
-old Sabb in the hands of the provost, his
-hands tied behind him, and the rope about his neck.
-Clymes, the lieutenant of Dunbar, with drawn sword,
-was pacing between the victim and the house. The
-old Dutchman stood between two subordinates,
-waiting for the signal, while his wife, little dreaming
-of the scene in progress, was kept out of sight at
-the bottom of the garden. Clymes and the provost
-were at once marked out for the doom of the rifle,
-and the <span class='it'>beads</span> of two select shots were kept ready,
-and leveled at their heads. But Dunbar must be the
-first victim—and where was he? Of the scene in
-the house Coulter had not yet any inkling. But suddenly
-he beheld Frederica at the window. He heard
-her shriek, and beheld her, as he thought, drawn
-away from the spot. His excitement growing almost
-to frenzy at this moment, he was about to give the
-signal, and follow the first discharge of his rifles with
-a rush, when suddenly he saw his associate, Elijah
-Fields, turn the corner of the house, and enter it
-through the piazza. This enabled him to pause, and
-prevented a premature development of his game.
-He waited for those events which it is not denied
-that we shall see. Let us then return to the interior.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>We must not forget the startling words with
-which Elijah Fields interrupted the forced marriage
-of Frederica with her brutal persecutor.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“The girl is already married.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Dunbar, still supporting her now quite lifeless in
-his arms, looked up at the intruder in equal fury and
-surprise.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ha, villain!” was the exclamation of Dunbar,
-“you are here?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No villain, Captain Dunbar, but a servant of the
-Most High God!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Servant of the devil, rather! What brings you
-here—and what is it you say?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I say that Frederica Sabb is already married,
-and her husband living!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Liar, that you are, you shall swing for this
-insolence.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I am no liar. I say that the girl is married, and
-I witnessed the ceremony.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You did, did you?” was the speech of Dunbar,
-with a tremendous effort of coolness, laying down
-the still lifeless form of Frederica as he spoke; “and
-perhaps you performed the ceremony also, oh,
-worthy servant of the Most High!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It was my lot to do so.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Grateful lot! And pray with whom did you
-unite the damsel?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“With Richard Coulter, captain in the service
-of the State of South Carolina.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Though undoubtedly anticipating this very answer,
-Dunbar echoed the annunciation with a fearful
-shriek, as, drawing his sword at the same moment,
-he rushed upon the speaker. But his rage blinded
-him; and Elijah Fields was one of the coolest of all
-mortals, particularly when greatly excited. He met
-the assault of Dunbar with a fearful buffet of his
-fist, which at once felled the assailant; but he rose in a
-moment, and with a yell of fury he grappled with
-the preacher. They fell together, the latter uppermost,
-and rolling his antagonist into the fire-place,
-where he was at once half buried among the embers,
-and in a cloud of ashes. In the struggle, however,
-Dunbar contrived to extricate a pistol from his belt,
-and to fire it. Fields struggled up from his embrace,
-but a torrent of blood poured from his side as he did
-so. He rushed toward the window, grasped the sill
-in his hands, then yielded his hold, and sunk down
-upon the floor, losing his consciousness in an uproar of
-shots and shouts from without. In the next moment the
-swords of Coulter and Dunbar were crossed over his
-prostrate body. The struggle was short and fierce.
-It had nearly terminated fatally to Coulter, on his
-discovering the still insensible form of Frederica in
-his way. In the endeavor to avoid trampling upon
-her, he afforded an advantage to his enemy, which
-nothing prevented him from employing to the utmost
-but the ashes with which his eyes were still half
-blinded. As it was, he inflicted a severe cut upon
-the shoulder of the partisan, which rendered his left
-arm temporarily useless. But the latter recovered
-himself instantly. His blood was in fearful violence.
-He raged like a <span class='it'>Birserker</span> of the Northmen—absolutely
-mocked the danger of his antagonist’s weapon—thrust
-him back against the side of the house, and
-hewing him almost down with one terrible blow
-upon the shoulder, with a mighty thrust immediately
-after, he absolutely speared him against the wall,
-the weapon passing through his body, and into the
-logs behind. For a moment the eyes of the two
-glared deathfully upon each other. The sword of
-Dunbar was still uplifted, and he seemed about to
-strike, when suddenly the arm sunk powerless—the
-weapon fell from the nerveless grasp—the eyes became
-fixed and glassy, even while gazing with tiger
-appetite into those of the enemy—and, with a hoarse
-and stifling cry, the captain of loyalists fell forward
-upon his conqueror, snapping, like so much glass, the
-sword that was still fastened in his body.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER XI.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>We must briefly retrace our steps. We left Richard
-Coulter, in ambush, having so placed his little detachments
-as to cover most of the groups of dragoons—at
-least such as might be immediately troublesome.
-It was with the greatest difficulty that he could restrain
-himself during the interval which followed the
-entry of Elijah Fields into the house. Nothing but
-his great confidence in the courage and fidelity of the
-preacher could have reconciled him to forbearance,
-particularly as, at the point which he occupied, he
-could know nothing of what was going on within.
-Meanwhile, his eyes could not fail to see all the indignities
-to which the poor old Dutchman was subjected.
-He heard his groans and entreaties.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I am a goot friend to King Tshorge! I was
-never wid de rebels. Why would you do me so?
-Where is de captaine? I have said dat my darter
-shall be his wife. Go bring him to me, and let him
-make me loose from de rope. I’m a goot friend of
-King Tshorge!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Good friend or not,” said the brutal lieutenant,
-“you have to hang for it, I reckon. We are better
-friends to King George than you. We fight for him,
-and we want grants of land as well as other people.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Oh, mine Gott!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Just then, faint sounds of the scuffle within the
-house, reached the ears of those without. Clymes
-betrayed some uneasiness; and when the sound of
-the pistol-shot was heard, he rushed forward to the
-dwelling. But that signal of the strife was the signal
-for Coulter. He naturally feared that his comrade
-had been shot down, and, in the some instant his
-rifle gave the signal to his followers, wherever they
-had been placed in ambush. Almost simultaneously
-the sharp cracks of the fatal weapon were heard
-from four or five several quarters, followed by two
-or three scattered pistol-shots. Coulter’s rifle dropt
-Clymes, just as he was about to ascend the steps of
-the piazza. A second shot from one of his companions
-tumbled the provost, having in charge old
-Sabb. His remaining keeper let fall the rope and
-fled in terror, while the old Dutchman, sinking to his
-knees, crawled rapidly to the opposite side of the
-tree which had been chosen for his gallows, where
-he crouched closely, covering his ears with his
-hands, as if, by shutting out the sounds, he could shut
-out all danger from the shot. Here he was soon
-joined by Brough, the African. The faithful slave
-bounded toward his master the moment he was released,
-and hugging him first with a most rugged embrace,
-he proceeded to undo the degrading halter
-from about his neck. This done, he got the old
-man on his feet, placed him still further amongst
-the shelter of the trees, and then hurried away to
-partake in the struggle, for which he had provided
-himself with a grubbing hoe and pistol. It is no
-part of our object to follow and watch his exploits;
-nor do we need to report the several results of each
-ambush which had been set. In that where we left
-the four gamblers busy at <span class='it'>Old Sledge</span>, the proceeding
-had been most murderous. One of Coulter’s men
-had been an old scout. Job Fisher was notorious
-for his stern deliberation and method. He had not
-been content to pick his man, but continued to
-revolve around the gamblers until he could range
-a couple of them, both of whom fell under his first
-fire. Of the two others, one was shot down by the
-companion of Fisher. The fourth took to his heels,
-but was overtaken, and brained with the butt of the
-rifle. The scouts then hurried to other parts of the
-farmstead, agreeable to previous arrangement, where
-they gave assistance to their fellows. The history,
-in short, was one of complete surprise and route—the
-dragoons were not allowed to rally; nine of them
-were slain outright—not including the captain; and
-the rest dispersed, to be picked up at a time of greater
-leisure. At the moment when Coulter’s party were
-assembling at the dwelling, Brough had succeeded
-in bringing the old couple together. Very pitiful
-and touching was the spectacle of these two embracing
-with groans, tears, and ejaculations—scarcely
-yet assured of their escape from the hands of their
-hateful tyrant.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But our attention is required within the dwelling.
-Rapidly extricating himself from the body of the
-loyalist captain, Coulter naturally turned to look for
-Frederica. She was just recovering from her swoon.
-She had fortunately been spared the sight of the
-conflict, although she continued long afterward to
-assert that she had been conscious of it all, though
-she had not been able to move a limb, or give utterance
-to a single cry. Her eyes opened with a wild
-stare upon her husband, who stooped fondly to her
-embrace. She knew him instantly—called his name
-but once, but that with joyful accents, and again
-fainted. Her faculties had received a terrible shock.
-Coulter himself felt like fainting. The pain of his
-wounded arm was great, and he had lost a good deal
-of blood. He felt that he could not long be certain
-of himself, and putting the bugle to his lips, he
-sounded three times with all his vigor. As he did
-so, he became conscious of a movement in the
-corner of the room. Turning in this direction, he
-beheld, crouching into the smallest possible compass,
-the preacher, Veitch. The miserable wretch was
-in a state of complete stupor from his fright.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Bring water!” said Coulter. But the fellow
-neither stirred nor spoke. He clearly did not comprehend.
-In the next moment, however, the faithful
-Brough made his appearance. His cries were those
-of joy and exultation, dampened, however, as he beheld
-the condition of his young mistress.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Fear nothing, Brough, she is not hurt—she has
-only fainted. But run for your old mistress. Run,
-old boy, and bring water while you’re about it.
-Run!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But you’ arm, Mass Dick—he da bleed! You
-hu’t?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes, a little—away!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Brough was gone; and with a strange sickness of
-fear, Coulter turned to the spot where Elijah Fields
-lay, to all appearance, dead. But he still lived.
-Coulter tore away his clothes, which were saturated
-and already stiff with blood, and discovered the
-bullet-wound in his left side, well-directed, and ranging
-clear through the body. It needed no second
-glance to see that the shot was mortal; and while
-Coulter was examining it, the good preacher opened
-his eyes. They were full of intelligence, and a pleasant
-smile was upon his lips.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You have seen, Richard, the wound is fatal.
-I had a presentiment, when we parted this morning,
-that such was to be the case. But I complain not.
-Some victim perhaps was necessary, and I am not
-unwilling. But Frederica?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“She lives! She is here; unhurt but suffering.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah! that monster!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>By this time the old couple made their appearance,
-and Frederica was at once removed to her own
-chamber. A few moments tendance sufficed to
-revive her, and then, as if fearing that she had not
-heard the truth in regard to Coulter, she insisted on
-going where he was. Meantime, Elijah Fields had
-been removed to an adjoining apartment. He did
-not seem to suffer. In the mortal nature of his hurt,
-his sensibilities seemed to be greatly lessened. But
-his mind was calm and firm. He knew all around
-him. His gaze was fondly shared between the
-young couple whom he had so lately united.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Love each other,” he said to them; “love each
-other—and forget not me. I am leaving you—leaving
-you fast. It is presumption, perhaps, to say that
-one does not fear to die—but I am resigned. I have
-taken life—always in self-defense—still I have taken
-life! I would that I had never done so. That
-makes me doubt. I feel the blood upon my head.
-My hope is in the Lord Jesus. May his blood atone
-for that which I have shed!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>His eyes closed. His lips moved, as it were, in
-silent prayer. Again he looked out upon the two,
-who hung with streaming eyes above him. “Kiss
-me, Richard—and you, Frederica—dear children—I
-have loved you always. God be with you—and—me!”
-He was silent.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Our story here is ended. We need not follow
-Richard Coulter through the remaining vicissitudes
-of the war. Enough that he continued to distinguish
-himself, rising to the rank of major in the service of
-the state. With the return of peace, he removed to
-the farm-house of his wife’s parents. But for him,
-in all probability, the estate might have been forfeited;
-and the great love which the good old Dutchman
-professed for King George might have led to
-the transfer of his grant to some one less devoted to
-the house of Hanover. It happened, only a few
-months after the evacuation of Charleston by the
-British, that Felix Long, one of the commissioners,
-was again on a visit to Orangeburg. It was at the
-village, and a considerable number of persons had
-collected. Among them was old Frederick Sabb
-and Major Coulter. Long approached the old man,
-and, after the first salutation, said to him—“Well,
-Frederick, have we any late news from goot King
-Tshorge?” The old Dutchman started as if he had
-trodden upon an adder—gave a hasty glance of indignation
-to the interrogator, and turned away ex-claiming—“D—n
-King Tshorge! I don’t care
-dough I nebber more hears de name agen!”</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk116'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='169' id='Page_169'></span><h1><a id='audu'></a>AUDUBON’S BLINDNESS.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY PARK BENJAMIN.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';fs:0.9em;' -->
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;John James Audubon, the great American naturalist, has</p>
-<p class='line' style='margin-bottom:1em;font-size:0.9em;'>entirely lost his sight. &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class='it'>Newspaper Paragraph.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>Blind—blind! yes, blind—those eyes that loved to look</p>
-<p class='line'>On the bright pictures in great Nature’s book.</p>
-<p class='line'>Quenched is that visual glory which arrayed</p>
-<p class='line'>All the winged habitants of grove and glade,</p>
-<p class='line'>And hill and prairie, in a garb as fair</p>
-<p class='line'>As their own plumage stirred by golden air.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Alas! no more can he behold the beam</p>
-<p class='line'>Of morning touch the meadow or the stream;</p>
-<p class='line'>No more the noontide’s rays pervade the scene,</p>
-<p class='line'>Nor evening’s shadows softly intervene,</p>
-<p class='line'>But on his sense funereal Night lets fall</p>
-<p class='line'>The moveless folds of her impervious pall.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>But he shall wake! and in a grander clime,</p>
-<p class='line'>With vales more lovely, mountains more sublime,</p>
-<p class='line'>There shall he view, without a film to hide,</p>
-<p class='line'>Delicious pastures, streams that softly glide,</p>
-<p class='line'>Groves clothed in living greenness, filled with plumes</p>
-<p class='line'>Bright as the dawn, and various as the blooms</p>
-<p class='line'>With which the early Summer decks his bowers—</p>
-<p class='line'>Gems all in motion, life-invested flowers.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Fairer than those, albeit surpassing fair,</p>
-<p class='line'>His pencil painted with a skill so rare</p>
-<p class='line'>That they, whose feet have never trod the far</p>
-<p class='line'>And wondrous places where such creatures are,</p>
-<p class='line'>Know all their beauty with familiar love—</p>
-<p class='line'>From the stained oriole to the snow-white dove.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Blind—blind! Alas! he is bereft of light</p>
-<p class='line'>Who gave such pleasure to the sense of sight.</p>
-<p class='line'>His eyes, that, like the sun, had power to vest</p>
-<p class='line'>All forms with color, are with darkness prest:</p>
-<p class='line'>Sealed with a gloom chaotic like the deep;</p>
-<p class='line'>Shut in by shadows like the realm of sleep.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Yet ’tis not meet to mourn a loss so brief—</p>
-<p class='line'>A pain, to which time cannot yield relief—</p>
-<p class='line'>But which Eternity must banish soon,</p>
-<p class='line'>With beams more lustrous than the blaze of noon;</p>
-<p class='line'>Yet softer than the evening is or morn,</p>
-<p class='line'>When he to light immortal shall be born;</p>
-<p class='line'>And with a vision purified behold</p>
-<p class='line'>More than the prophets, priests and bards have told.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk117'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='sonn'></a>SONNETS.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY MARY SPENSER PEASE.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>LOVE’S SUNSET.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>As shadows lengthen with the day’s declining,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Like troops of dusky spectres onward creeping,</p>
-<p class='line'>Weaving swart stripes amid the golden shining</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Where meadow, brook and moss-grown hill lie sleeping;</p>
-<p class='line'>With murky fingers Nature’s sweet book closing—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Each bell and blossom and each three-leaved clover,</p>
-<p class='line'>With stealthy march the sun’s glad sway deposing,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Till, widening, deepening, darkness shrouds earth over:</p>
-<p class='line'>So, thy declining love casts o’er my spirit</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Chill shadows, freezing all my soul’s warm giving,</p>
-<p class='line'>Chill shadows, deadening all my soul’s best merit,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And making blackest night my brightest living:</p>
-<p class='line'>A long, long, fearful night—that knows no morning,</p>
-<p class='line'>Save in wild, glowing dreams, that speak thy love’s returning.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>LOVE’S SUNRISE.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>As shadows vanish with the dawn’s advancing,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Like things of evil fleeing from Truth’s whiteness,</p>
-<p class='line'>The mem’ry of their dark spell but enhancing</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The warmth and light of morning’s dewy brightness;</p>
-<p class='line'>Their chill power over—with a glad awaking</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Starts to new life each sleeping leaf and flower,</p>
-<p class='line'>Each bird and insect into wild song breaking—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;All Nature’s heart-pulse thrilleth to the hour:</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus, my life’s sun—its glory all pervading—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Fuses my soul with daylight warm and tender;</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus, all strange fears, my spirit darkly shading—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;All doubtings flee from its excess of splendor:</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus, through my inmost heart—like joy-bells ringing—</p>
-<p class='line'>The birds and honey-bees of thy dear love come singing.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk118'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='170' id='Page_170'></span><h1><a id='doct'></a>DOCTRINE OF FORM.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>There is a connection natural and necessary between
-the forms and essences of things; some law
-which compels figure and faculty into correspondence;
-some tie which binds nature, function, and
-end to shape, volume, and intrinsic arrangement.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>That a wheel must be circular, a lever inflexible,
-and a screw, wedge and inclined plane shall have a
-determinate form, is clearly a condition of adaptation
-to use; and because in machinery the arrangement
-of inert matter is thus essential to the action and aim
-of all contrivance and mutual adjustment of parts,
-we are apt to think configuration entirely a question
-of mechanical fitness, and indifferent to and independent
-of structures having no such office. But it is
-not so. Facts beyond number show that it has definite
-and fixed relation to substance universally,
-without limitation to a particular kind or sphere of
-use, or manner or purpose of being.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>I. There are examples enough to prove that the
-fundamental law, connecting shape and arrangement
-with function, is stronger in the vital and spiritual
-than in the mechanical sphere, and even supercedes
-its settled order and method. An instance of this
-overruling force:—The elephant in general organization
-is a quadruped, eminently; but his sagacity
-rises so high above the ordinary level of brutes as to
-require the service of a proboscis, which is nearly
-equal in capabilities of use to the human hand. Furnished
-with a sort of finger at the extremity of this
-excellent instrument of prehension, he can draw a
-cork, lift a shilling piece from the ground, or separate
-one blade of grass from a number with dexterity
-and despatch. In this his eminence of intellect is
-indicated, for external instruments are in accurate relation
-to internal faculties, and considerable handicraft
-bespeaks a proportionately high range of mental
-power. Now observe how his organization differs
-from that of other quadrupeds, and approaches,
-against all the analogies of classification, toward the
-arrangements of the human form. He has the rudiments
-of five toes on each foot, shown externally by
-five toe-nails. This is one toe more than belongs to
-any beast below the monkey tribe. He has a kneepan
-on the hind leg, and the flexure of the limb is
-backward, like the human, and unlike other quadrupeds.
-The breast of the female is removed from its
-usual position upon the pelvis, to the chest or breast
-bone, as in the more elevated races; and all the organs
-of reproductive life correspond to those of the
-higher orders. All this is unexplained by any mechanical
-necessity or advantage, and is so far, in
-violation of the analogies of that lower constitution
-by which he is linked to the order of four footed animals.
-Of his internal organization I have no means
-of information within reach, but I am satisfied <span class='it'>a
-priori</span> that the human configuration and position of
-ports are approximated wherever the quadruped form
-and attitude leaves it possible. Comparative anatomists
-make great account of all instances of mechanical
-accommodations which they meet with, but they
-are in nothing so remarkable or so conspicuous as
-those which we are now noticing. They have the
-advantage of being understood, and are therefore
-much insisted upon; but the facts which we have
-given and hinted at are at once so striking and so conclusive,
-as to leave no doubt and no necessity for
-further proof of the preeminence of the law which
-they indicate.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>II. In looking over the world of animal and vegetable
-forms there is nothing more remarkable than
-the continual sacrifice of strength to beauty, and of
-quantity or bulk to symmetry and shapeliness. Use
-seems postponed to appearance, and order, attitude
-and elegance take rank of quantity in the forms of
-things. I suppose that the law under consideration
-determines these conditions of structure; and that
-the beauty to which the sacrifice is credited, as an
-end and object, is only an incident; and, that the
-pleasure derived arises upon the felt correspondence
-of such forms with our faculties, innately adjusted
-to the harmonies of this universal law—in other
-words—that there is an intrinsic force of essence
-which compels organization, limits its dimensions,
-and determines its figure, and so, all substances take
-shape and volume from a law higher and more general
-than individual use and efficiency. Beauty, being
-but the name for harmony between faculty and object,
-may well serve as a rule of criticism, but the
-efficient cause which determines form lies deeper; it
-lies, doubtless, in the necessary relation of organization
-and essence—structure and use—appearance
-and office—making one the correspondent and exponent
-of the other in the innermost philosophy of
-signs.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The abrogation of a rule, and departure from an
-established method of conformation, belonging to a
-whole class of natural beings, in order to attain the
-forms and order of arrangement of another class into
-whose higher style of constitution the lower has
-been somewhat advanced, as in the case of the elephant;
-and, the clear evidence that mechanical perfection
-is everywhere in the human mechanism subordinated
-to a law of configuration, which has respect
-to another standard and a higher necessity—each,
-in its own way, demonstrates that form is not
-only a necessity of mechanics, but is still more eminently
-an essential condition of all substance. Facts
-from these sources hold a sort of raking position in
-the array of our argument, but the multitude and variety
-of examples which muster regularly under the
-rule are, of themselves, every way adequate to maintain
-it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>III. Our proposition (to vary the statement of it) is,
-that form, or figure, and, doubtless, dimension also,
-have a fixed relation to the special qualities and characters
-of beings and things, and that it is not indifferent
-in the grand economy of creation whether they
-be put into their present shapes or into some other;
-but, on the contrary, the whole matter of configuration
-and dimension is determined by laws which arise
-out of the nature of things.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In generals the evidence is clear, and it must,
-therefore, be true in the minutest particulars; for the
-law of aggregates is the law of individuals—the mass
-and the atom have like essential conditions. It is,
-indeed, difficult to trace facts into the inmost nature
-of things, and quite impossible to penetrate by
-observation as deep as principles lead by the process
-of mental investigation—so much more limited in the
-discovery of truth, even the truth of physics, are
-the senses than the reasoning faculties. We need,
-however, but open our eyes to see that the diversities
-of form among all created things are, at least, as
-great as their differences of character and use; and
-whether there be a determinate relation of appearance
-to constitution or not, there is at least an unlikeness
-of configuration or dimension, or of both,
-wherever there is unlikeness of quality; and that
-this difference of form thus commensurate with difference
-of constitution, is not merely a matter of arbitrary
-distinctiveness among the multifarious objects
-of creation, as names or marks are sometimes
-attached to things for certainty of reference and recognition,
-appears from such facts and considerations
-as follow—</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>1. All mineral substances in their fixed, that is,
-in their crystaline form, are angular with flat sides
-and straight edges. This is not only a general rule
-and an approximate statement, but exactly accurate
-and universal; for in the few instances of crystals
-occurring with convex or curvilinear faces, such as
-the diamond, it is known that their primary forms
-have plane or flat faces and a parallel cleavage—making
-the rule good against accidental influences
-and superficial appearances.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Here then we have a mode of configuration appropriate
-to and distinctive of one whole kingdom of nature.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>2. In vegetables we have a different figure and
-characteristic conformation. Their trunks, stems,
-roots and branches are nearly cylindrical, and uniformly
-so, in all individuals clearly and completely
-within the class.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Soon as we enter the precincts of life curvature of
-lines and convexity of surface begin to mark the
-higher styles of existence, the law being that nothing
-which lives and grows by the reception and assimilation
-of food is angular, rectilinear or included
-within plane surfaces. Inert bodies take straight,
-but life assumes curve lines.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>3. In animal forms the curve or life line is present
-of necessity, but it undergoes such modification and
-departure from that which marks vegetable existence
-as our law demands. We no longer have
-almost cylindrical simplicity of shape as the sign of
-character and kind, but, retaining curvity, which is
-common to vitality of all modes, we find the cylinder
-shaped or tapered toward the conical, with continually
-increasing approach to a higher style of configuration
-as we ascend toward a higher character
-of function.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the human body all that belongs to the whole
-inferior creation is represented and reproduced, for
-man is logically a microcosm, and in his body we
-find the various orders of natural beings marked by
-their appropriate modes of construction and configuration—from
-a hair to a heart, the multifarious parts
-bring with them the forms native to their respective
-varieties of being.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The bones have in them the material of the mineral
-kingdom, and they have conformity of figure. In
-the short, square bones of the wrist, in the teeth, and
-several other instances, the flatness, straightness and
-angularity proper to crystalized matter, marks its
-presence as an element of the structure.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The correspondence of the vascular system with
-the forms proper to vegetation, is most striking. A
-good drawing of the blood vessels is a complete picture
-of a tree. Now, animals and vegetables differ
-widely in their manner of taking in food, but they are
-alike in the method and end of the distribution of the
-<a id='nutr'></a>nutritious fluids, and between them the resemblance
-of form obtains only in this, as our law requires.
-There is nothing in trees, shrubs or grasses, that has
-any outline likeness to the esophagus, stomach or
-intestinal tube; nothing in them has any resemblance
-of office, and nothing, therefore, is formed
-upon their pattern. The roots of trees, which are
-the avenues of their principal aliment, are merely
-absorbing and circulating instruments—a sort of
-counterpart branches in function—and they have,
-therefore, what scientific people call the arborescent
-arrangement wherever they find it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>If it is answered here that a hydraulic necessity
-determines the general form of circulating vessels,
-and that certain immediate mechanical advantages
-belong to the cylindrical over the square or polygonal
-shape of tube, our point is not affected. We are
-showing, now, that the expected conformity never
-fails. It is essential to our position that mechanical
-requirements shall not over-rule the general law.
-The instance given is in accordance, and a presumption
-rises that even mechanical conformation
-itself is covered and accommodated by the great
-principle which we are illustrating. It is enough for
-us, however, that no facts contradict, though it be
-doubted whether all the instances cited afford us the
-expected support.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But, leaving the functions and organs, which belong
-to all living and growing beings in common,
-and entering the province of animal life and animal
-law proper, we everywhere observe a significant
-departure from the angular and cylindrical forms of
-the mineral and vegetable kingdoms, and an approach,
-in proportion to the rank and value of the
-organ and its use, toward an ideal or model, which
-is neither conical nor heart-shaped, exactly, but such
-a modification of them as carries the standard figure
-farthest from that uniformity of curve which marks
-a globe, from the parallelism of fibre which belongs
-to the cylinder, and from the flatness of base and
-sharpness of apex which bound the cone.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The limbs that take their shape from the muscles
-of locomotion, and the internal parts concerned in
-those high vital offices, of which minerals and vegetables
-are wholly destitute, are examples and proof
-of the configuration proper to the animal kingdom.
-The thigh, leg, arm, fore-arm, finger, the neck and
-shoulders, the chest, and the abdomen meeting it
-and resting on the pelvic bones, are felt to be beautiful
-or true to the standard form as they taper or
-conform to this intuitive life-type.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The glands are all larger at one end than the other,
-and those that have the highest uses are most conspicuously
-so, and have the best defined and most
-elegant contour. The descending grade of figure and
-function is marked by tendency to roundness and
-flatness. In the uses, actions and positions of these
-organs, there is nothing mechanical to determine
-their figure. The human stomach is remarkable for
-an elegance of form and conformity to the ideal or
-pattern configuration, to a degree that seems to have
-no other cause, and, therefore, well supports the
-doctrine that the importance of its office confers such
-excellence of shape. The facts of comparative anatomy
-cannot be introduced with convenience, but
-they are believed to be in the happiest agreement
-and strongest corroboration.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The heart, lungs and brain, are eminent instances
-of the principle. They hold a very high rank in the
-organization, and, while their automatic relations,
-uses and actions are <span class='it'>toto cœlo</span> dissimilar, their agreement
-with each other in general style of configuration,
-and their common tendency toward the standard
-intimated, is most remarkable.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Their near equality of rank and use, as measured
-by the significance of form, over-rides all mechanical
-difference in their mode of working. The heart is,
-in office, a forcing pump or engine of the circulation.
-The lungs have no motion of their own, and the porosity
-or cellular formation of the sponge seems to
-be the only quality of texture that they require for
-their duty, which is classed as a process of vital
-chemistry. The brain differs, again, into a distinct
-category of function, which accepts no classification,
-but bears some resemblance to electrical action.
-Yet, differing thus by all the unlikeness that there is
-between mechanical, chemical and electro-vital
-modes of action, they evidently derive their very
-considerable resemblance of figure from their nearly
-equal elevation and dignity of service in the frame.
-This near neighborhood of use and rank allows, however,
-room enough for their individual differences
-and its marks. The heart is lowest of the three in
-rank, and nearest the regularly conical form. The
-lungs, as their shape is indicated by the cavity which
-they occupy, are more delicately tapered at their
-apex, and more oblique and variously incurvated at
-their base. And the brain, whether viewed in four
-compartments, or two, or entire, (it admits naturally
-of such division,) answers still nearer to the highest
-style and form of the life pattern; and with the due
-degree of resemblance, or allusion to it, in its
-several parts, according to their probable value; for
-the hemispheres are shaped much more conformably
-to the ideal than the cerebellum or the cerebral apparatus
-at the base of the brain, where the office begins
-to change from that of generating the nervous
-power to the lower service of merely conducting it
-out to the dependencies.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>IV. Hitherto we have looked for proof and illustration
-only to well marked and clearly defined examples
-of the orders and kinds of things examined.
-But the borders of kingdoms and classes, the individuals
-which make the transitions, and the elements
-and qualities common to several provinces
-which link kind to kind and rank to rank, confess the
-same law, and even more nicely illustrate where, to
-superficial view, they seem to contradict it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Every species of beings in the creation is a reproduction,
-with modifications and additions, but a real
-reproduction, in effect, of all that is below it in the
-scale; so that the simplest and the lowest continues
-and reappears in all, through all variety of advancement,
-up to the most complex and the highest; in some
-sense, as decimals include the constituent units, and
-hundreds include the tens, and other multiples of
-these embrace them again, until the perfect number
-is reached, if there be any such bound to either numerals
-or natures.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>1. The rectilinear and parallel arrangement of
-parts proper to crystalization, which is the lowest
-plastic power of nature known to us, continues,
-proximately, in the stems and branches of vegetables.
-This will accord with our theory, if ascribed
-to the abundant mineral elements present in the
-woody fibre, and to its insensibility and enduring
-nature, as shown by its integral preservation for
-ages after death, to a degree that rivals the rocks
-themselves. But the stems of trees are not exactly
-cylindrical and their fibres are not quite parallel; for
-there is something of life in them that refuses the
-arrangement of dead matter. From root to top they
-taper, but so gradually that it is only decidedly seen
-at considerable distances or in the whole length.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>2. A section of a timber tree shows a regular concentric
-arrangement of rings—the successive deposits
-of sequent years—and its cleavage proves that
-it has also a radiated disposition of fibres. In the
-flat bones of the head this same arrangement of parts
-obtains. The cartilaginous base of bone has a life
-of perhaps equal rank with that of the vegetable
-structure; it has its insensibility, elasticity, and durability
-at least, with scarcely any higher qualities;
-and the osseous deposit is thrown into figure and
-order similar to the ligneous.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>3. The fruits, kernels, and seeds of plants, being
-the highest results of the vegetable grade of living
-action, and so bordering upon the sphere of animal
-existence, and even intruding into it, begin to take
-its proper forms, and they are spheroidal, oblate
-spheroids, conical exactly, ovoid, and even closely
-touch upon the heart-shaped; yet without danger of
-confusion with the forms distinctive of the higher
-style of life. This comparison, it must be remarked
-also, is between the fruits of one kind and the organic
-structures of the other, and not of organ with organ,
-which in different kinds shows the greatest diversity,
-but of spheres of existence immediately contiguous,
-and therefore closely resembling each other.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>V. Of these forms the globular is probably the very
-lowest; and, accordingly, of it we have no perfect
-instance in the animal body, and no near approach
-to it, except the eye-ball, where mechanical law compels
-a rotundity, that muscle, fat, and skin seem employed
-to hide as well as move and guard, and, in
-the round heads of bones, where the ball and socket-joint
-is required for rotatory motion. But in both these
-cases the offices which the roundness serves are
-mechanical, and so, not exceptions to our rule. The
-perfectly spherical must rank as a low order of form,
-because it results from the simplest kind of force,
-mere physical attraction being adequate to its production,
-without any inherent modifying power or
-tendency in the subject. It is, accordingly, very
-repugnant to taste in the human structure; as, for
-instance, rotundity of body, or a bullet-head. Nothing
-of that regularity of curve which returns into
-itself, and might be produced upon a turning lathe,
-and no continuity of straight lines within the capacity
-of square and jack-plane, are tolerable in a human
-feature. Lips, slit with the straightness of a button-hole,
-or conical precision, or <a id='roly'></a>roly-poly globularity,
-would be equally offensive in the configuration of
-any feature of the face or general form. Cheek, chin,
-nose, brow, or bosom, put up into such rotundity and
-uniformity of line and surface, have that mean and
-insignificant ugliness that nothing can relieve. In
-raggedest irregularity there is place and space for
-the light and shade of thought and feeling, but there
-is no trace or hint of this nobler life in the booby
-cushiony style of face and figure. Nose and brows,
-with almost any breadth of angle; and chin, with
-any variety of line and surface, are better, just as
-crystalization, flat and straight and sharp as it is,
-nevertheless, seems to have some share in its own
-make and meaning, which rolls and balls cannot
-lay any claim to.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>VI. But the law under consideration cannot be
-restrained to shape only. Dimension is also a result
-of intrinsic qualities, and must in some way and to
-some extent, indicate the character to which it corresponds.
-Druggists are so well aware of, and so
-much concerned with the difference in the size of
-the drops of different fluids, that they have constructed
-a table of equivalents, made necessary by
-the fact. Thus a fluid drachm of distilled water
-contains forty-five drops, of sulphuric ether one
-hundred and fifty, of sulphuric acid ninety, and of
-Teneriffe wine seventy-eight. So that the law is
-absolutely universal, however varied in expression,
-and a specific character in fluids and other parts of
-the inanimate world declares itself as decidedly in
-bulk or volume, as difference of constitution is shown
-by variety of figure in the living and sentient creation.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Among the crystals termed <span class='it'>isomorphous</span> by chemists,
-the dominant ingredient which is common to
-them all, controls the form, but difference of size
-answers sufficiently to the partial unlikeness of the
-other less active elements; and so in the instances of
-cubes and octahedrons formed of dissimilar minerals
-where difference of constitution is indicated by varied
-dimensions only.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>VII. Crystal and crystal, and, drop and drop, are
-alike within the limits of the species, or their unlikeness,
-if there be any, is not appreciable to our
-senses, and scarcely conceivable though not absolutely
-impossible to thought; but we know certainly
-that clear individuality of character is everywhere
-pursued and marked by peculiarity of form and size
-throughout the entire universe.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>While among minerals and fluids dissimilarity occurs
-obviously only between species, among plants
-it begins to be conspicuous between individuals,
-growing more and more so as observation ascends
-in the vegetable kingdom. Two stalks of grass
-may resemble each other as much as two crystals
-of the same salt, but timber trees grow more unlike,
-and fruit trees differ enough to make their identification
-comparatively easy. But it is in the animal
-kingdom, eminently, and with increasing distinctness
-as the rank rises, that individuals become distinguishable
-from each other; for it is here that
-diversity of character gets opportunity, from complexity
-of nature, freedom of generating laws, and
-varied influence of circumstances, to impress dissimilarity
-deepest and clearest. Crystals undergo no
-modification of state but instant formation and the
-sudden violence which destroys them. Vegetables
-pass through the changes of germination and growth,
-and feel the difference of soil, and winds, and temperature,
-and to the limits of these influences, confess
-them in color, size, and shape; but animals,
-endowed with acuteness of sense, enjoying locomotion,
-and related to all the world around them—living
-in all surrounding nature, and susceptible of
-all its influences—their individual differences know
-no limits, and they are universally unlike in appearance
-as in circumstances, training and character.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Even in the lower orders there is ample proof of
-this. The mother bird and beast know their own
-young; the shepherd and the shepherd’s dog know
-every one of their own flock from every other on all
-the hills and plains; and among the millions of men
-that people the earth, a quick eye detects a perfectly
-defined difference as broad as the peculiarity of character
-which underlies it.</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='it'>Narrowness of relations and Simplicity of function are
-as narrowly restrained in range of conformation; Complexity
-makes proportionate room for difference; and
-Variety is the result, the sign, and the measure of Liberty.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Detailed illustrations of the law would interest
-in proportion to the range of the investigation; and
-gratification and delight would keep pace with the
-deepening conviction of its universality; but the
-limits of an essay restrain the discussion to mere
-hints and suggestions, and general statements of
-principles which reflection must unfold into formal
-demonstration for every one in his own department
-of observation.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Some inaccuracies of statement have been indulged
-to avoid the complexity which greater precision
-would have induced. Broad, frank thinking will
-easily bring up this looseness of language to the
-required closeness of thought as the advancing and
-deepening inquiry demands. Moreover, it may be
-difficult or impossible to meet every fact that presents
-itself with an instant correspondence in the
-alleged law; but such things cannot be avoided until
-people learn how to learn, and cease to meet novel
-propositions with a piddling criticism, or a wrangling
-spirit of controversy. Looking largely and deeply
-into facts in a hundred departments of observation
-will show the rule clear in the focal light of their
-concurrent proofs, or, looking out from the central
-position of <span class='it'>a priori</span> reasoning, it will be seen in every
-direction to be a <span class='it'>necessary</span> truth.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It would be curious, and more than curious, to
-trace ascent of form up through ascertained gradation
-of quality in minerals, plants, fruits, and animal
-structures; and it would be as curious to apply a
-criticism derived from this doctrine to the purpose
-of fixing the rank and relations of all natural beings—in
-other words, to construct a science of taste and
-beauty, and, striking still deeper, a science of universal
-physiognomy, useful at once as a law of
-classification, and as an instrument of discovery.
-The scale would range most probably from the globular,
-as the sign of the lowest character, through
-the regularly graded movement of departure which
-in nature fills up all the stages of ascending function
-from a drop of fluid to the model configuration
-of, perhaps, that cerebral organ which manifests the
-highest faculty of the soul.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The signs that substance and its states give of
-intrinsic nature and use, or the connection of configuration
-and function, are not understood as we understand
-the symbols of arithmetic, and the words
-of artificial language; that is, the symbols of our own
-creation answer to the ideas they are intended for,
-but the signs of the universal physiognomy of nature
-are neither comprehended fully, nor translated even
-to the extent that they are understood, into the formulæ
-of science and the words of oral language.
-Many of them are telegraphed in dumb show to our
-instincts, to the great enlargement of our converse
-with nature, both sentient and inanimate; but still
-a vast territory of knowledge lies beyond the rendering
-of our intuitions, and remains yet unexplored
-by our understanding; a dark domain that has not
-been brought under any rule of science, nor yielded
-its due tribute to the monarch mind. We have no
-dictionary that shows the inherent signification of a
-cube, a hexagon, an octagon, circle, ellipse, or
-cylinder; no tables of multiplication, addition, subtraction,
-and division, which, dealing in forms and
-their equivalents, might afford the products, quotients,
-and remainders of their various differences
-and interminglings with each other. States, qualities,
-and attitudes of structure, contribute much of that
-natural language by which we converse with the
-animal world beneath us, and with the angel world
-within us, but it remains as yet instinctual, except
-so far only as the fine arts have brought it out of the
-intuitive and oracular into rule and calculation,
-nor have we any methodic calculus, universally
-available, by which these revelations of nature may
-be rendered into demonstrative truth ruled by scientific
-method.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It is conceivable that the form of every natural
-being is a full report of its constitution and use, but
-as yet, tedious and dubious chemical analysis, observation,
-and experiment are our directory to the
-hidden truth. In some things it is otherwise. We
-know perfectly a passion or emotion, and the meaning
-of the attitudes, colors, and forms of limb, person
-and feature which denote them; and the interior
-qualities of texture, also, as they are intimated to
-the sight and touch, lead us without reasoning, to
-definitive judgments of human character. Of animals,
-in their degree, we receive similar impressions and
-with equal conviction, but we know so little more
-about these things, than that we know them, that
-we can make no advantage of such knowledge
-beyond its most immediate purpose in our commerce
-with the living beings which surround us.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It remains, therefore, for mind to explore the philosophy
-of form, that all which lies implied in it,
-waiting but still undiscovered, may come out into
-use, and all that we instinctively possess of it may
-take a scientific method, and so render the service
-of a law thoroughly understood.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The principle gives us familiar aid every day, yet
-without revealing its own secret, in physiognomy,
-painting, statuary, architecture, and elocution. It is
-obeyed in all the impersonations of metaphor, fable
-and myth; it is active every instant in the creations
-of fancy, and supplies, so to speak, the material for
-all the structures of thought—ruling universally in
-the earth, and fashioning and peopling the heavens.
-To the most delicate movements of the imagination
-it gives a corresponding embodiment of beauty; and
-it helps, as well, to realize the monstrous mixtures of
-man and beast occurring in human character by the
-answering monstrosity of centaur, syren, sphinx,
-and satyr. The old Greek theology held that the
-eternal Divinity made all things out of an eternal
-matter, after the forms of eternal, self-subsisting
-patterns; a statement, in its utmost depth beyond
-the discovery of human faculties, certainly, but not
-too strong to express the universal prevalence of this
-law in the creation. To the human intellect all
-things <span class='it'>must</span> exist in space, bounded and determined
-by figure appropriate to the subject; in fact, we can
-conceive of nothing except under such conditions;
-and our doctrine but refers this necessity of mind
-to a primordial necessity of being, ranking it among
-the harmonies of existence, as an adaptation of sense,
-thought, and feeling to the correspondent truth in
-the constitution of the universe.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:right;margin-right:3em;margin-top:0.5em;'>E.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk119'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='175' id='Page_175'></span><h1><a id='tayl'></a>ON THE DEATH OF GENERAL TAYLOR.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY R. T. CONRAD.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote30em'>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='it'>Quid me mortuum miserum vocas, qui te sum multo felicior? aut quid acerbi mihi putas contigisse?</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Weep not for him! The Thracians wisely gave</p>
-<p class='line'>Tears to the birth-couch, triumph to the grave.</p>
-<p class='line'>’Tis misery to be born—to live—to die:</p>
-<p class='line'>Ev’n he who noblest lives, lives but to sigh.</p>
-<p class='line'>The right not shields from wrong, nor worth from wo,</p>
-<p class='line'>Nor glory from reproach; he found it so.</p>
-<p class='line'>Not strong life’s triumphs, not assured its truth;</p>
-<p class='line'>Ev’n virtue’s garland hides an aspic tooth.</p>
-<p class='line'>His glorious morn was past, and past his noon;—</p>
-<p class='line'>Life’s duty done, death never comes too soon.</p>
-<p class='line'>Then cast the dull grave’s gloomy trappings by!</p>
-<p class='line'>The dead was wise, was just—nor feared to die.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Weep not for him. Go, mark his high career;</p>
-<p class='line'>It knew no shame, no folly and no fear.</p>
-<p class='line'>More blest than is man’s lot his blameless life,</p>
-<p class='line'>Though tost by tempests and though torn by strife.</p>
-<p class='line'>’Neath the primeval forest’s towery pride,</p>
-<p class='line'>Virtue and Danger watched his couch beside;</p>
-<p class='line'>This taught him purely, nobly to aspire,</p>
-<p class='line'>That gave the nerve of steel and soul of fire.</p>
-<p class='line'>No time his midnight lamps—the stars—could dim;</p>
-<p class='line'>His matin music was the cataract’s hymn;</p>
-<p class='line'>His Academe the forest’s high arcade—</p>
-<p class='line'>(To Numa thus Egeria blessed the shade;)</p>
-<p class='line'>With kindling soul, the solitude he trod—</p>
-<p class='line'>The temple of high thoughts—and spake with God:</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus towered the man—amid the wide and wild—</p>
-<p class='line'>And Nature claimed him as her noblest child.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Nurtured to peril, lo! the peril came,</p>
-<p class='line'>To lead him on, from field to field, to fame.</p>
-<p class='line'>’Twas met as warriors meet the fray they woo:</p>
-<p class='line'>To shield young Freedom’s wild-wood homes he flew;</p>
-<p class='line'>And—fire within his fortress, foes without,</p>
-<p class='line'>The rattling death-shot and th’ infuriate shout—</p>
-<p class='line'>He, where the fierce flames burst their smoky wreath,</p>
-<p class='line'>And war’s red game raged madliest, toyed with death;</p>
-<p class='line'>Till spent the storm, and Victory’s youngest son</p>
-<p class='line'>Glory’s first fruits, his earliest wreath, had won.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Weep not for him, whose lustrous life has known</p>
-<p class='line'>No field of fame he has not made his own:</p>
-<p class='line'>In many a fainting clime, in many a war,</p>
-<p class='line'>Still bright-browed Victory drew the patriot’s car.</p>
-<p class='line'>Whether he met the dusk and prowling foe</p>
-<p class='line'>By oceanic Mississippi’s flow;</p>
-<p class='line'>Or where the southern swamps, with steamy breath,</p>
-<p class='line'>Smite the worn warrior with no warrior’s death;</p>
-<p class='line'>Or where, like surges on the rolling main,</p>
-<p class='line'>Squadron on squadron sweep the prairie plain;</p>
-<p class='line'>Dawn—and the field the haughty foe o’erspread,</p>
-<p class='line'>Sunset—and Rio Grande’s waves run red;</p>
-<p class='line'>Or where, from rock-ribbed safety, Monterey</p>
-<p class='line'>Frowns death, and dares him to the unequal fray;</p>
-<p class='line'>Till crashing walls and slippery streets bespeak</p>
-<p class='line'>How frail the fortress where the heart is weak;</p>
-<p class='line'>How vainly numbers menace, rocks defy,</p>
-<p class='line'>Men sternly knit and firm to do or die;</p>
-<p class='line'>Or where, on thousands thousands crowding, rush</p>
-<p class='line'>(Rome knew not such a day) his ranks to crush,</p>
-<p class='line'>The long day paused on Buena Vista’s height,</p>
-<p class='line'>Above the cloud with flashing volleys bright;</p>
-<p class='line'>Till angry Freedom, hovering o’er the fray,</p>
-<p class='line'>Swooped down, and made a new Thermopylæ;—</p>
-<p class='line'>In every scene of peril and of pain,</p>
-<p class='line'>His were the toils, his country’s was the gain.</p>
-<p class='line'>From field to field, and all were nobly won,</p>
-<p class='line'>He bore, with eagle flight, her standard on:</p>
-<p class='line'>New stars rose there—but never star grew dim</p>
-<p class='line'>While in his patriot grasp. Weep not for him.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The heart is ne’er a castaway; its gift</p>
-<p class='line'>Falls back, like dew to earth—the soul’s own thrift</p>
-<p class='line'>Of gentlest thoughts by noblest promptings moved:</p>
-<p class='line'>He loved his country, and by her was loved.</p>
-<p class='line'>To him she gave herself, a sacred trust,</p>
-<p class='line'>And bade him leave his sword to rest and rust;</p>
-<p class='line'>And, awed but calm, nor timid nor elate,</p>
-<p class='line'>He turned to tread the sandy stairs of state.</p>
-<p class='line'>Modest, though firm; decided, cautious, clear;</p>
-<p class='line'>Without a selfish hope, without a fear;</p>
-<p class='line'>Reverent of right, no warrior now, he still</p>
-<p class='line'>Cherished the nation’s chart, the people’s will;</p>
-<p class='line'>Hated but Faction with her maniac brand,</p>
-<p class='line'>And loved, with fiery love, his native land.</p>
-<p class='line'>Rose there a foe dared wrong in her despite,</p>
-<p class='line'>How eager leaped his soul to do her right!</p>
-<p class='line'>Her flag his canopy, her tents his home—</p>
-<p class='line'>The world in arms—why, let the armed world come!</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus loved he, more than life, and next to Heaven,</p>
-<p class='line'>The broad, bright land to which that life was given;</p>
-<p class='line'>And, loving thus and loved, the nation’s pride,</p>
-<p class='line'>Her hope, her strength, her stay—the patriot died!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Weep not for him—though hurried from the scene:</p>
-<p class='line'>’Twill be earth’s boast that such a life has been.</p>
-<p class='line'>Taintless his truth as Heaven; his soul sincere</p>
-<p class='line'>Sparkled to-day, as mountain brooklets clear.</p>
-<p class='line'>O’er every thought high honour watchful hung,</p>
-<p class='line'>As broods the eagle o’er her eyried young.</p>
-<p class='line'>His courage, in its calmness, silent, deep,</p>
-<p class='line'>But strong as fate—Niagara in its sleep;</p>
-<p class='line'>But when, in rage, it burst upon the foe—</p>
-<p class='line'>Niagara leaping to the gulf below.</p>
-<p class='line'>His clemency the graceful bow that, thrown</p>
-<p class='line'>O’er the wild wave, Heaven lights and makes its own.</p>
-<p class='line'>His was a spirit simple, grand and pure,</p>
-<p class='line'>Great to conceive, to do and to endure;</p>
-<p class='line'>Yet the rough warrior was, in heart, a child,</p>
-<p class='line'>Rich in love’s affluence, merciful and mild.</p>
-<p class='line'>His sterner traits, majestic and antique,</p>
-<p class='line'>Rivaled the stoic Roman or the Greek;</p>
-<p class='line'>Excelling both, he adds the Christian name,</p>
-<p class='line'>And Christian virtues make it more than fame.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;To country, youth, age, love, life—all were given;</p>
-<p class='line'>In death, she lingered between him and Heaven;</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus spake the patriot in his latest sigh,</p>
-<p class='line'>“<span class='it'>My duty done—I do not fear to die.</span>”</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Weep not for him; but for his country, tost</p>
-<p class='line'>On Faction’s surges: “think not of the lost,</p>
-<p class='line'>But what ’tis ours to do.”<a id='r2'/><a href='#f2' style='text-decoration:none'><sup><span style='font-size:0.9em'>[2]</span></sup></a> The hand that stayed,</p>
-<p class='line'>The pillar that upheld, in dust are laid;</p>
-<p class='line'>And Freedom’s tree of life, whose roots entwine</p>
-<p class='line'>Thy fathers’ bones—will it e’er cover thine?</p>
-<p class='line'>Root, rind and leaf a traitor tribe o’erspread;</p>
-<p class='line'>Worms sap its trunk and tempests bow its head.</p>
-<p class='line'>But the land lives not, dies not, in one man,</p>
-<p class='line'>Were he the purest lived since life began.</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon no single anchor rests our fate:</p>
-<p class='line'>Millions of breasts engird and guard the state.</p>
-<p class='line'>Yet, o’er each true heart, in the nation’s night,</p>
-<p class='line'>Will Taylor’s memory rise, a pillared light;</p>
-<p class='line'>His lofty soul will prop the patriot’s pride,</p>
-<p class='line'>His virtues animate, his wisdom guide.</p>
-<p class='line'>Faction, whose felon fury, blind and wild,</p>
-<p class='line'>Would rend our land, as Circe tore her child,</p>
-<p class='line'>In sordid cunning or insensate wrath,</p>
-<p class='line'>Scattering its quivering limbs along her path—</p>
-<p class='line'>Ev’n Faction, at his name, will cower away,</p>
-<p class='line'>And, shrieking, shrinking, shield her from the day.</p>
-<p class='line'>Then up to duty! true, as he was true;</p>
-<p class='line'>As pure, as calm, as firm to bear and do;</p>
-<p class='line'>Nerve every patriot power, knit every limb,</p>
-<p class='line'>And up to duty: but <span class='it'>weep not for him</span>!</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='footnotemark'/>
-
-<div class='footnote'>
-<table summary='footnote_2'>
-<colgroup>
-<col span='1' style='width: 3em;'/>
-<col span='1'/>
-</colgroup>
-<tr><td style='vertical-align:top;'>
-<div id='f2'><a href='#r2'>[2]</a></div>
-</td><td>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='it'>Non quos amisimus, sed quantum lugere par sit cogitemus.</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class='sc'>Cicero.</span></p>
-
-</td></tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='tbk120'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='psyc'></a>“PSYCHE LOVES ME.”</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY THOMAS DUNN ENGLISH.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>I have no gold, no lands, no robes of splendor,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;No crowd of sycophants to siege my door;</p>
-<p class='line'>But fortune in one thing at least is tender—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>I have no fame, nor to the height of honor</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Will my poor name on tireless pinions soar;</p>
-<p class='line'>Yet Fate has never drawn my hate upon her—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>I have no station, know no high position,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And never yet the robes of office wore;</p>
-<p class='line'>Yet I can well afford to scorn ambition—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>I have no beauty—beauty has forsworn me,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;On others wasting all her charming store;</p>
-<p class='line'>Yet I lack nothing now which could adorn me—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>I have no learning—in nor school nor college</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Could I abide o’er quaint old tomes to pore;</p>
-<p class='line'>But this I know which passeth all your knowledge—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;That Psyche loves me! Could I ask for more?</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Now come what may, or loss or shame or sorrow,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Sickness, ingratitude or treachery sore,</p>
-<p class='line'>I laugh to-day and heed not for the morrow—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For Psyche loves me—and I ask no more.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk121'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='tothe'></a>TO THE LOST ONE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY DUNCAN MOORE.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.9em;'><span class='it'>Vale et Benedicite.</span></p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>In joy we met; in anguish part;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Farewell, thou frail, misguided one!</p>
-<p class='line'>Young Hope sings matins in thy heart,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;While dirges ring in mine alone,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Solemn as monumental stone.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Thy life is Spring, but Autumn mine;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Thy hope all flowers; mine bitter fruit,</p>
-<p class='line'>For hope but blossoms to repine;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;It seldom hath a second shoot;—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;A shadow that evades pursuit.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Though poets are not prophets here,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Yet Time must pass and you will see,</p>
-<p class='line'>While o’er dead joys you drop the tear,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;This world is one Gethsemane</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Where all weep—die—still dream to be.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Flowers spring, birds sing in the young heart,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;But Time spares not the flowers of Spring;</p>
-<p class='line'>The birds that sang there soon depart,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And leave God’s altar withering—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Flowerless and no bird to sing.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>God pronounced all things good in Eden;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Young Adam sang—not knowing evil,</p>
-<p class='line'>Until the snake plucked fruit forbidden,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And made himself to Eve quite civil.—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Did he tempt her, or she the devil?</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>True, she made Eden Adam’s heaven;—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Also the green earth Adam’s hell;</p>
-<p class='line'>Tore from his grasp all God had given;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Cast him from bliss in sin to dwell;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;To make her food by his sweat and blood.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Then what should man from woman hope,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Who hurled from Paradise his sire?</p>
-<p class='line'>Her frailty drew his horoscope,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And barred the gates of heaven with fire;</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Changed God’s intent for her desire.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>And what should she from man expect</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Who slew his God her soul to save?</p>
-<p class='line'>A dreary life of cold neglect;—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For Eden lost;—a welcome grave,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Where kings make ashes with the slave!</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>A welcome grave! man’s crowning hope!</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;All trust from dust we shall revive;</p>
-<p class='line'>Despite our gloomy horoscope,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Incarnadined God will receive</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;His children who slew him to live.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>A frail partition but divides</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Your husband from insanity;</p>
-<p class='line'>He stares as madness onward strides</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;To crush each spark of memory—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;I gave you all—this you give me!</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.9em;'><span class='it'>Vale et Benedicite.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk122'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='177' id='Page_177'></span><h1><a id='coqu'></a>COQUET <span class='it'>versus</span> COQUETTE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY MRS. CAROLINE H. BUTLER.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';fs:0.9em;' -->
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class='it'>Benedict.</span> One woman is fair; yet I am well:</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>another is wise; yet I am well: another virtuous;</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>yet I am well: but till all graces be in one woman,</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>one woman shall not come in my grace.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:right;margin-right:0em;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:0.9em;'><span class='it'>Much Ado About Nothing.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';fs:0.9em;' -->
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'><span class='it'>Princess.</span> We are wise girls to mock our lovers so.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'><span class='it'>Rosaline.</span> They are worse fools to purchase mocking so.</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>That same Biron I’ll torture ere I go.</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>How will I make him fawn, and beg, and seek;</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>And wait the season, and observe the times,</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>And spend his prodigal wits in bootless rhymes;</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>And shape his service wholly to my behests;</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>And make him proud to make me proud that jests!</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>So portent-like would I o’ersway his state</p>
-<p class='line' style='font-size:0.9em;'>That he should be my fool, and I his fate.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:right;margin-right:0em;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:0.9em;'><span class='it'>Love’s Labor Lost.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER I.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Nature had been very profuse in bestowing her
-favors upon Mr. Frank Gadsby. In the first place
-she had given him a very elegant person, tall and
-of manly proportions; secondly, a pair of large,
-dark-hazel eyes, which could beam with tenderness
-or become fixed in the “fine frenzy” of despair, as
-best suited the pleasure of their owner. Above them
-she had placed a broad, white forehead, and adorned
-it with waving hair, of a dark, glossy brown. Next,
-a splendid set of teeth attested her skill and favor;
-and, to complete the <span class='it'>tout ensemble</span>, whiskers and
-moustache were unsurpassable.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well,” said Fortune, rather ruffled, “if Nature
-has been so prodigal, he shall have none of my assistance—not
-he! Let him make his way through
-the world by his good looks, if he can. I will seek
-out some ordinary looking fellow, whom nature has
-neglected, and with my golden smiles atone for the
-want of those attractions which soonest win the
-favor of the fair.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>And thus, under the ban of Fortune, Frank Gadsby
-left college.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>He professed to study the law as a means of winning
-the favor of the goddess, and had a small backroom,
-up three flights of stairs, furnished with a
-table and two chairs, on which table several voluminous
-law-books very quietly reposed, being seldom
-forced to open their oracular jaws to give forth their
-sage opinions. This was his study. But the person
-who should expect to find him there, I am sorry
-to say, would have a fruitless visit, and drag up
-those steep stairs for nothing. He would be much
-more likely to meet him promenading Chestnut
-street, gallanting some beautiful young girl up and
-down its thronged <span class='it'>pavé</span>—or at the Art Union, with
-an eye upon the living beauties there congregated,
-not upon the pictures which adorn its walls.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>And yet I would not wish to convey an erroneous
-opinion, in thus hinting at the usual whereabouts of
-Mr. Gadsby. If he did not study, it was not for the want
-of talents or aptness; for he possessed a fine mind,
-and only needed some impetus to call forth those
-brilliant traits which were concealed beneath an exterior
-so vain and trifling—for vain he certainly was,
-and trifling I think I can prove beyond dispute. The
-fact is, being a general favorite with the ladies, he
-was inclined to push his advantage a little too far;
-or, in other words, Frank Gadsby was a coquet—a
-male coquet, of the first magnitude—insinuating,
-plausible, soft-voiced, and, in the words of Spencer,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“When needed he could weep and pray,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And when he listed he could fawn and flatter,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Now smiling smoothly, like to summer’s day,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Now glooming sadly so to cloke the matter.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But although, like the fickle zephyr, he wooed
-with light dalliance every fair flower of beauty
-which came across his path, he yet managed to retain
-his heart safe in his own lordly bosom, and
-Frank Gadsby, the charmer, alone possessed that
-love sworn to so many.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Yet, as one cannot very well live without money,
-especially in the atmosphere which surrounded my
-hero, and as the law put little money in his purse,
-and the small annuity left him by some deceased relative
-almost as little, Mr. Gadsby resolved to make
-a rich match one of these days; no hurry—there
-was time enough—he had but to pick and choose—any
-lady would be proud to become Mrs. Frank
-Gadsby—and until stern necessity forced it upon
-him, he would wear no conjugal yoke! And, with
-this self-laudatory decision, he continued his flirtations.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A conversation which passed between Mr. Gadsby
-and his friend Clarence Walton, will serve better
-than any thing I can vouch to substantiate the
-charge of trifling which I have preferred against
-him.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This same charge Walton had been reiterating,
-but to which, with perfect <a id='nonc'></a>nonchalance, Gadsby answered:</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“A trifler—a coquet! Come, that is too bad,
-Walton! To be sure, I pay the ladies attentions,
-such as they all expect to receive from the gentlemen.
-I give flowers to one, I sit at the feet of a second,
-go off in raptures at the music of a third, press
-the fair hand of a fourth, waltz with a fifth, and play
-the gallant to all—but it is only to please them I do
-it; and then, I say, Walton, if they will fall in love
-with me, egad, how can I help it!” and, saying this,
-our coxcomb looked in the glass, as much as to say,
-“poor things, <span class='it'>they</span> surely cannot help it!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“There was Caroline D——, for instance,” replied
-his friend; “why, as well as I know your
-roving propensities, I was induced to think you serious
-there!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“What, Cara D.! I smitten! O, no! I said some
-very tender things to her, to be sure, and visited her
-every day for a month—wrote her notes, and presented
-her daily with some choice <a id='bouq1'></a>bouquet; but I
-was honorable; as soon as I saw she was beginning
-to like me too well, why, I retreated. Did, upon
-my honor! Here is her last note—read it Walton!”
-taking one from a private drawer, evidently crowded
-with a multitudinous collection of faded <a id='bouq2'></a>bouquets,
-knots of ribbon, gloves, fans, billet-doux, and silken
-ringlets of black, brown and golden hair.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No; excuse me, Frank, from perusing your love
-notes,” said Walton! “but there was also Emma
-Gay.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah, poor Emma! She was a bewitching little
-creature!” was the answer. “I wrote some verses
-to her beautiful eyes, and gazed into them so tenderly
-that they folded themselves in their drooping
-lids to hide from me. She gave me a lock of her
-soft, brown hair—I have it somewhere; but, faith, I
-have so many such tokens that it is difficult to find
-the right one. O, here it is!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And Cornelia Hyde!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“She was a splendid girl! Sang like an angel,
-waltzed like a sylph! Yes, I flirted with her half a
-season. I believe she did get a little too fond of me—sorry
-for it; upon my soul I meant nothing!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But you can hardly say your attentions to Miss
-Reed meant nothing,” said Walton, continuing the
-category.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Why, what could I do?” answered Gadsby.
-“Confound it, if she did not send for me every third
-night to sing duets with her, and every other morning
-to pass judgment upon her paintings. I could
-not be otherwise than civil.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then, there was Julia Hentz, and her friend,
-Hatty Harwood.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“O, spare me, Walton! Julia was a sentimental
-beauty, doating upon the moon, and stars, and charity
-children! On my soul, it is no unpleasant thing to
-stroll in the beautiful moonlight with a pretty, romantic
-girl leaning upon your arm, and to gaze
-down into her languishing eyes as they turn their
-brilliant orbs to the less brilliant stars. I tell you
-what, it is a taking way, and came pretty near
-taking me; for I was nearer popping the question to
-the sentimental, moon-struck, star-gazing Julia, than
-I love to think of now; see what I drew from her
-fair hand on our last moonlight ramble,” (showing a
-delicate glove.) “As for her friend Harriet, although
-not so handsome as Julia, she is a shrewd, sensible
-girl—told me, with all the sang-froid imaginable,
-that I was flirting a little too strongly—that she
-could not think of having me dangling after her, for
-two reasons—conclusive ones. First was, she did not
-like me; and, secondly, my professions were all
-feigned, for she knew me to be the greatest coquet
-extant—a character which, she added, with provoking
-coolness, she had no respect for!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Good! A sensible girl, Frank!” said Walton,
-laughing.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Hang me if I did not begin to like her all the
-better after that,” continued Gadsby, “and had a
-great mind to pursue the game in earnest; but I
-found it would not pay the exertion. She is as poor
-as myself.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“What can you say of the sisters, Louise and
-Katrine Leslie, whom you followed as their shadow
-for more than six weeks?” pursued the indefatigable
-Walton.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“The brunette and the blonde,” answered Gadsby.
-“Both charming girls. Louise, with those large,
-tender, black eyes—why, she melted one’s heart as
-though but a lump of wax; but, then, the roguish
-glances of Katrine’s sparkling gray ones! Well,
-well; a sensible fellow might be very happy with
-either. Fact is, they were jealous of each other—ha,
-ha, ha. If I wrote poetry to Louise, then Katrine
-pouted, and her little white dimpled shoulder
-turned very coldly upon me. So, I gave flowers to
-Katrine and pressed her dimpled hand; then the bewitching
-Louise cast her reproachful eyes upon me,
-and a sigh came floating to me on her rose-scented
-breath, at which I placed myself at her feet, and
-read the Sorrows of Evangeline in Search of her
-Lover, and begged for the ringlet on which a tear
-had fallen; then Katrine—but no matter; they were
-both very fond, poor things!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“In the words of the song, I suppose you might
-have sung,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“‘How happy could I be with either,</p>
-<p class='line0'>If the other charmer were away,’”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>exclaimed Walton.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Precisely. Have you finished your catechism?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I have; although many other names, whose fair
-owners you have trifled with, are in my mind,” said
-Walton. “You must excuse my frankness, Gadsby,
-when I tell you that your conduct is unworthy a
-man of honor or principle. There is not one of the
-ladies of whom we have spoken, but has had reason
-to think herself the object of your particular interest
-and pursuit; and if, as you flatter yourself, they have
-seemed partial to your attentions, that partiality has
-been awakened by those winning words and manners
-which none better than yourself know how to
-assume. Shame on the man, I say, who can thus
-insinuate himself into the affections of a young, unsuspecting
-girl, merely to flatter his own egregious
-vanity or his self-love! Coquetry, idle as it is, is
-more properly the province of woman. Nature has
-given them sprightliness, grace and beauty, which,
-in their hands, like the masterly fan in the days of the
-Spectator, they are expected to use as weapons against
-us; but for a man to assume the coquet, renders him
-contemptible. If there is any thing which can add
-to its meanness, it is boasting of his conquests—playing
-the braggart to his own vanity. Woman’s
-affections are too sacred to be thus trifled with, nor
-should her purity be insulted by the boasts of a—caricature,
-not a man! Burn all these idle toys, Gadsby—trophies
-of unworthy victories—turn to more
-noble pursuits, nor longer waste the talents which God
-has given you, nor the time which can never be regained.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“As fine a lecture as I ever listened to,” quoth
-Gadsby, feigning a laugh. “When do you take
-orders, most reverend Clarence? Why, you deserve
-to be elected moralist of the age—a reformer
-in the courts of Cupid. However, I will give you
-the credit of honesty, and more—for I confess you
-have given me some pretty sharp home-thrusts,
-which I will not pretend to parry; but you take
-things too seriously, upon my soul you do. One of
-these days you shall behold me a sober, married
-man, in a flannel night-cap; but until then, Walton,</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:0.5em;'>“<span class='it'>vive l’amour!</span>”</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER II.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Blue or pink, Charlotte?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“O, the blue, by all means, Lucia.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And pearls or rubies?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Pearls.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Blue and pearls! Why, I shall personate the
-very ideal of maiden simplicity. I might as well
-appear all in white!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And it would be beautiful, Lucia,” answered
-her friend.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Think so? Well, I have a great mind to try it,
-for you must know it is my desire to look uncommonly
-well to-night,” said Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But why to-night do you so particularly wish to
-shine?” inquired Charlotte.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Why? Why, don’t you know we are to meet
-that renowned enslaver of hearts, that coquet, Frank
-Gadsby! Is not that enough to inspire my vanity?”
-replied the lively girl.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And you are resolved upon leading this renowned
-conqueror in your own chains, Lucia?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“He shall not escape them, Charlotte. I will
-bring him to my feet, and thus become the champion
-of my sex,” said Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And have you no fears for yourself? Where so
-many have yielded their willing hearts, do you expect
-to escape without paying the same penalty?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Fears!” answered Lucia. “Why, Charlotte,
-you don’t think I would give up my affections to
-one who has no heart, and never had one; or, if he
-had, it has been so completely divided and sub-divided,
-quartered and requartered, and parceled out
-by inches, that not a fragment is left to hang a hope
-upon! Why, I should as soon think of falling in
-love with one of those effigies of beau-dom—those
-waxen busts at a barber’s window—as with this
-hollow-hearted Frank Gadsby.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You are right, Lucia; for I certainly think that
-when you marry, it would be well to have at least
-one heart between you and your <span class='it'>cara sposa</span>, for I
-am sure you have none,” said Charlotte, laughing.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Now, that is the unkindest cut of all, Charlotte—I
-no heart! Why, I am ‘all heart,’ as poor Mrs.
-Skewton would say,” answered Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah, Lucia, it is conceded by all, I believe, that
-you are an arrant coquette.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I a coquette!” exclaimed Lucia. “I deny the
-charge; there is my gage!” drawing off her little
-glove and throwing it at the feet of Charlotte.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I accept the challenge,” answered her friend.
-“In the first place, let me remind you of a poor Mr.
-F——.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You need not remind me of him,” answered
-Lucia. “I am sure I shall not soon forget him, with
-his tiresome calls every day, nor his attempts to look
-tender with those small, twinkling gray eyes of his.
-Imagine an owl in love, that’s all.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And yet you encouraged his visits. Then, there
-was young Dornton.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Dornton! yes, I remember. Poor fellow, how he
-did torment me with his execrable verses!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Execrable! If I remember, Lucia, you once
-told me they were beautiful.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah, I tired of them, and him too, in a fortnight.
-Why, Charlotte, it was a perfect surfeit of antimony
-wrapped up in honey.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then, your long walks last summer with Dr.
-Ives.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Were very pleasant walks until he grew sentimental,
-and suddenly popped down upon his knees,
-one day, in the high grass, <a id='like'></a>like a winged partridge;
-he looked so ridiculous that really I could not help
-laughing in his face. It was a bitter pill; doctor, as
-he was, he could not swallow it.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“For six weeks you flirted with Henry Nixon,”
-continued Charlotte. “Why, he was your shadow,
-Lucia; what could have tempted you to trifle with
-him as you did? I am sure he loved you.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“There you are mistaken,” was the reply. “He
-was only flattered by my smiles and proud of being in
-my train. Such magnificent bouquets, too, as he
-brought me! It was party season, you know, and
-his self-love, thus embodied in a flower to be worn
-by me, was quite as harmless to him as convenient
-for myself.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But not so harmless were the smiles and flattering
-words you bestowed upon young Fairlie. O,
-Lucia, your thoughtless vanity ruined the happiness
-of that young man, and drove him off to a foreign
-clime, leaving a widowed mother to mourn his absence.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Indeed, Charlotte,” replied Lucia, in a saddened
-tone, “I had no idea James Fairlie really loved me
-until too late. He painted so exquisitely that, at my
-father’s request, he was engaged to paint my portrait.
-I believe I gave him a lock of my hair, and
-allowed him to retain a small miniature which he
-had sketched of me; but, as I told him, when he so
-unexpectedly declared his love, I meant nothing.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah, Lucia,” said her friend, reproachfully, “and
-did you mean nothing when you allowed the visits
-of Colonel W——?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“O, the gallant Colonel! Excuse me Charlotte—a
-pair of epaulettes answer very well, sometimes, in
-place of a heart. The Colonel’s uniform was a
-taking escort through the fashionable promenades;
-and, then, he was so vain that it did one good to see
-him lose the ‘bold front of Mars’ in the soft blandishments
-of Cupid; and not forgetting, even when
-on his knees, to note, in an opposite mirror, the irresistible
-effect of his gallant form at the feet of a fair
-lady! So far, I think, I have supported my ground
-against your accusation of coquetry,” added Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“On the contrary, my dear Lucia, I am sorry to
-say that you have but proved its truth,” answered
-Charlotte. “Sorry, because there is, to my mind,
-no character so vain and heartless as that of a coquette,
-and I would not that any one whom I love
-should rest under such an imputation. The moment
-a woman stoops to coquetry she loses the charm of
-modesty and frankness, and renders herself <a id='unun'></a>unworthy
-the pure affection of any noble-minded
-man. It betrays vanity, a want of self-respect, and
-an utter disregard for the feelings of others. A coquette
-is a purely selfish being, who, by her hollow
-smiles and heartless professions, wins to the shrine
-of her vanity many an honest heart, and then casts
-it from her as idly as a child the plaything of
-which he has tired. She is unworthy the name of
-woman.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Hollow smiles—heartless professions! Why,
-what is all this tirade about, Charlotte?” interrupted
-Lucia, indignantly. “I do not understand you. You
-surely do not mean to class me with those frivolous
-beings you have named.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It will do for young coxcombs and fops,” <a id='concon'></a>continued
-Charlotte, “whose brains centre in an
-elegant moustache or the tie of a cravat, who swear
-pretty little oaths, and can handle their quizzing
-glass with more skill than their pen—it will do for
-them to inflate their vanity by the sighs of romantic
-school-girls; but for a high-minded, noble woman,
-like you, Lucia, to descend from the dignity of your
-position to the contemptible artifices of a coquette—fie,
-Lucia, be yourself.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“From no other but you, Charlotte,” she replied,
-“would I bear the unjust imputation you cast upon
-me, and I should blush did I think myself deserving
-one half your censure. I do not feel that I have descended
-at all from the ‘dignity of my position,’ as
-you are pleased to term it, and consider a coquette
-quite as contemptible as you do.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah, Lucia,” said Charlotte, archly,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“O wad some power the giftie gie us,</p>
-<p class='line0'>To see oursel’s as ithers see us.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Nonsense! I know I am not a coquette, Charlotte,”
-retorted Lucia. “Gay and thoughtless I may
-have been; but I have never, nor would I ever,
-trifle with the affections of one whom I thought any
-other feeling but his own vanity had brought to my
-feet. But come, Madam Mentor, I will make a
-truce with you. I must first vanquish this redoubtable
-Gadsby, in honorable warfare, and with his
-own weapons, and then, I promise you, no duenna
-of old Spain ever wore a more vinegar aspect than
-shall Lucia Laurence, spinster.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But, Lucia—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No—no—no! stop! I know what you are going
-to say,” interrupted the gay girl, playfully placing
-her little hand over the mouth of her friend. “Positively
-I must have my way this time. And now
-for the business of the toilet. Let me see—blue
-and pearls; no, white—white, like a bride, Charlotte!”</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER III.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A brilliant company swept through the elegant
-apartments of Mrs. De Rivers. It was the opening
-soirée of the season, and here had gathered, in the
-regal train of Fashion and Display, the wealth, wit,
-beauty, and grace, of Penn’s fair city. Music’s enchanting
-strains breathed delight, fair forms moved in
-the graceful dance, and through the thronged assembly
-gay groups were gathered,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;“Where the swift thought,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Winging its way with laughter, lingered not,</p>
-<p class='line0'>But flew from brain to brain.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Who is that queenly young lady, dressed with
-such elegant simplicity, talking with Miss De
-Rivers?” inquired Frank Gadsby of a friend at his
-elbow.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Where? ah, I see. Why, is it possible you do
-not know Miss Laurence? She is the greatest coquette
-in Philadelphia. Beware—no one escapes
-who comes under the influence of her bewitching
-eyes.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“A fair challenge—I will dare the danger. Will
-you introduce me?” was the reply.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“With pleasure—but remember my warning,” answered
-his friend. “Miss Laurence is full of wit, and
-will cut up your fairest speeches to serve her ridicule;
-she is proud, and leads her many captives after
-her with the air of a Juno; she is sensible, and will
-carry out an argument with the skill of a subtle
-lawyer. She is handsome—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That is easily seen,” interrupted Gadsby. “Pray
-spare me further detail, and give me an opportunity,
-if you please, to judge of the rest for myself.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>At the same moment when these remarks were
-passing between the gentlemen, Lucia said to Miss
-De Rivers:</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Pray tell me, Fanny, who is that stylish gent
-lounging so carelessly near the door?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Tall—talking with young Bright, do you mean?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“The same.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah, beware!” was the answer; “that same
-gentleman wears a perjured heart. He is no other
-than that gay deceiver—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Who—Mr. Gadsby!” interrupted Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes, Frank Gadsby, whose vows of love are as
-indiscriminate as his smiles.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I have heard of him, Fanny. Well, he is certainly
-very handsome,” said Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And as fascinating in his manners as he is handsome,”
-replied her friend. “Why, he makes every
-woman in love with him—myself excepted, Lucia;
-every fair lady elicits, in turn, the same homage, the
-same tender speeches, and, in turn, finds herself the
-dupe of his flattery and melting glances.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Perfectly absurd!” exclaimed Lucia, with a toss
-of her head.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But see, Lucia, he has already marked you;
-look, he approaches, with Earnest Bright. Now
-prepare for the introduction, which he has, no doubt,
-solicited.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The presentation was gone through with in due
-form. Lucia assumed an air of the most perfect indifference,
-scarcely deigning to notice the elegant
-man of fashion, who, by his most courtly smiles and
-winning compliments, endeavored to attract her
-favorable attention. But both smiles and fine
-speeches were thrown away; and, not a little chagrined
-at his reception from the fair Lucia, Gadsby
-at length turned coldly away, and began chatting, in
-a gay tone, with Miss De Rivers, while, at the same
-moment, Miss Laurence, giving her hand to a young
-officer, joined the dancers.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well, how do you like Miss Laurence, Frank?”
-said Earnest Bright, later in the evening, touching
-the shoulder of Gadsby, who stood listlessly regarding
-the gay scene.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“She has fine eyes, although I have seen finer,”
-was the answer; “a good figure, but there are others
-as good; ’pon my soul, I see no particular fascination
-about her—I could pick out a dozen here more
-agreeable.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Think so? Well, don’t be too secure, that’s
-all,” replied his friend.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Never fear. I have escaped heart-free too long
-to be caught at last by one like Miss Laurence.
-Less imperiousness, and more of woman’s gentleness,
-for me,” said Gadsby. “And yet, it were
-worth while to subdue this inflexible beauty, and entangle
-her in her own snares,” he mentally added.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the supper-room Charlotte Atwood found herself,
-for a moment, near her friend Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well, you have met the foe; what think you
-now, Lucia?” she whispered.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Of Mr. Gadsby, I suppose you mean,” she replied.
-“I am sadly disappointed, to tell you the
-truth. I expected to find him too much a man of the
-world to betray his own vanity. Why, he is the
-most conceited fellow I ever met with.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Do you wonder at it? Such a universal favorite
-as he is with the ladies, has reason to be conceited,”
-said Charlotte.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Perhaps so. It would be doing him a kindness,
-therefore, to take a little of this self-conceit out of him—don’t
-you think so?” Lucia laughingly replied.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>These two invincible coquettes are now entered
-for a trial of their skill, in fair and equal combat.
-“Let him laugh who wins,” but a crown to the victor,
-I say. A too minute detail of this well-contested
-game, might prove tedious; therefore, we will pass
-over three months of alternate frowns and smiles,
-and allow the reader to judge, by the following
-chapter, to whose side the victory most inclines.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER IV.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A pleasant spring morning found Frank Gadsby—where?
-Not promenading Chestnut street—not
-lounging upon the steps of a fashionable hotel, nor
-whispering smooth flatteries in the ear of beauty;
-but positively up those three flights of stairs, in that
-gloomy back room dignified by the name of study.
-Several books were open before him, and papers—promising,
-business-like looking papers, with red
-tapes and huge seals—were scattered around him.
-Indeed, the very man himself had a more promising,
-business-like appearance; there was less of the
-dandy, more of the gentleman, and the look of self-complacency
-lost in a more serious, thoughtful expression.
-As I said before, Mr. Gadsby had talents,
-hidden beneath the mask of frippery, which needed
-but some impetus to bring into power, and this impetus
-seemed now to have been supplied.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>For three months the fashionable world had wondered
-why so often its most brilliant ornament had
-been missing from its gay gatherings; nor, perhaps,
-wondered more than Mr. Gadsby himself at his own
-sudden distaste for those pursuits which had but
-lately afforded him so much pleasure. Perhaps the
-remonstrances of his friend Walton had awakened
-him to a sense of the unprofitable life he was leading;
-but, as we have more to do with effects than
-causes, at present, we will not pursue the inquiry.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>For some time, perhaps half an hour, Gadsby
-steadily applied himself to his studies—now turning
-over the pages of a folio, now lost in deep thought,
-and then rapidly transferring his conclusions to
-paper. At length, with a sigh of relief, as if he had
-mastered some complicated problem of the law, he
-pushed books and papers from him, and, rising from
-the table, walked back and forth the narrow limits
-of his study.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Are you ready?” said Clarence Walton, unceremoniously
-opening the door.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I believe I shall not go. Make my excuses, if
-you please, to the ladies,” replied Gadsby, slightly
-embarrassed.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Not go! Why, what has come over you, man?
-The party are now only waiting your presence to
-start. What will Miss Laurence think? It will
-never do to slight her invitation in this way. Come!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No!” answered Gadsby. “Say what you
-please for me to Miss Laurence; if she chooses to
-take offense, it matters but little to me. The frowns
-of one whose smiles are so general, are easily
-borne. I hope you will have a pleasant ride.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But what new freak is this? Last night you
-were in fine spirits for the excursion, and I am sure
-you received the invitation of Miss Laurence with
-undisguised pleasure.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Think so? Well, I have altered my mind—that’s
-all,” said Gadsby, carelessly.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Ah-ha! Are your wings scorched, that you thus
-shun the presence of the irresistible Lucia?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Cannot a man of business absent himself from
-the society of a flirt, without giving a reason, Walton?”
-said Gadsby, tartly.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“A man of business! Good—excellent! I will
-report that weighty concerns of the law interfere
-with your engagements. You wont go, then?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No!” and saying this, Gadsby took up a book
-and sat down, with a dogged, resolute air.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Well, I must be off. <span class='it'>Au revoir.</span>”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>No sooner did the door close after his friend, than,
-throwing away the book, Gadsby started up, exclaiming:</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No! this syren—this coquette—this all fascinating
-woman, as she is called, shall find I am not so
-easily made her dupe! She is a perfect mistress of
-art, that is certain; for who that did not know her
-would think the light of her beautiful eyes shone only
-to deceive—they are heavenly! Who would think
-that sweet, gentle smile which she sometimes wears,
-and the soft, witching tones of her voice were but
-superficial. In outward appearance she is a type of
-all that is most perfect in woman; and if this beauty
-of mind and person but extended to the heart—ah, I
-dare not think of it! I am told she considers me a vain,
-conceited fellow—ha! ha! she shall find yet that I
-am not what I have appeared, and that this vain,
-conceited fellow, has at least wit enough to see
-through and despise her arts. What a beautiful
-morning for the ride. I was foolish not to go; besides,
-she may think—no matter what she thinks.
-But then I would not be uncivil; as I accepted the
-invitation, I should have gone. I wish I had. Let
-me see, it is now ten o’clock; perhaps I may yet be
-in time. Yes, I will show her that I can meet her
-fascinations unmoved, and leave her without one
-sigh of regret—heigh, ho!” And Mr. Gadsby ended
-his soliloquy by catching up the broom-brush and
-rapidly applying it to his shoulders and arms, and
-then with a glance at the small looking-glass, he
-seized his hat, and rushing down stairs, swiftly
-thridded his way through the crowd until he reached
-the residence of Miss Laurence, whence the party
-were to set forth. Running up the steps, he rang
-the bell.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Much to his mortification he learned the party had
-been gone about ten minutes, and he was turning
-from the door, when the servant added,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Miss Laurence is at home—will you walk in,
-sir?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Then she had not gone! Strange!—no, he would
-not go in; but perhaps he had better, and apologize
-for his apparent rudeness. Yes, he would go in;
-and following the servant, he was ushered into the
-drawing-room.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Sending up his card, Gadsby sat down to await
-the entrance of the lady. Opposite the sofa on which
-he reclined hung the full length portrait of Miss
-Laurence—the work of the unfortunate young painter
-whom love of her had driven from his native land.
-It was a beautiful creation of art, but not more beautiful
-than the fair original herself. There was grace,
-dignity, and repose in the attitude, harmonizing so
-perfectly with the sweet expression of the features.
-The eyes of Gadsby were soon riveted upon it, and
-rising from his seat, he approached nearer, and remained
-standing before it, lost in contemplating its
-loveliness.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Charming girl!” he exclaimed inadvertently
-aloud; “but false as thou art charming!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Imprudent man! These words were not lost; even
-as he spoke the fair Lucia herself stood very near
-him, waiting for him to turn around that she might
-address him; but as she caught this expression, a
-glow of indignation suffused her features, and with
-noiseless footsteps she glided from the room.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“How dare he say this of me!” she exclaimed, as
-she closed the door of her chamber; “what reason
-have I given him for such a supposition! He judges
-of me by his own false and fickle heart; yet why
-should I care for the opinion of such a man as he is.
-How stupid in John to say I was at home. I believe
-I will send word I am engaged; no, I will
-even see him, and let him know by my indifference
-how little value I place either on his society or his
-opinion.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>And Lucia re-entered the drawing-room with a
-stately step, and received the salutation of her visiter
-with the utmost hauteur of manner.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I have called, Miss Laurence, to apologize for
-my apparent incivility in not keeping the engagement
-formed with you last evening,” said Gadsby,
-with evident embarrassment.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It was not necessary, Mr. Gadsby, to take so
-much trouble for that which is of so little consequence,”
-answered Lucia, coldly.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Pardon me, Miss Laurence, nothing but—but
-imperative business—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Pray do not exhaust your invention, sir, for
-excuses.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Gadsby’s face crimsoned.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Let me hope nothing serious prevented your
-accompanying the party, Miss Laurence,” he at
-length said.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“To be more honest than you, I had no inclination
-to go, and therefore did not.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“But last evening—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“O, last evening I arranged the excursion merely
-for my friends, not feeling, of course, obliged to go
-with them,” was the answer.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then I certainly cannot regret so much the cause
-which prevented my joining them, since the only attraction
-would have been wanting.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This implied compliment was noticed only by a
-haughty bow.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Cold, unyielding beauty!” thought Gadsby, carelessly
-turning over the leaves of an annual.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“False, idle flatterer!” thought Lucia, pulling her
-bouquet to pieces.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Those are beautiful flowers, Miss Laurence—what
-have they done to merit such treatment at your
-fair hands!” said Mr. Gadsby, glad of the opportunity
-to say something, for he felt himself completely
-embarrassed by her repulsive manners. “You
-treat them with as little favor as you do your admirers,
-and throw them from you with as little
-mercy. Fair, beautiful flowers!” he added, gathering
-up the leaves of a rose from the rich carpet,
-“fit emblems they are in their fragility of woman’s
-short-lived faith and truth.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“A lesson upon faith and truth from Mr. Gadsby
-is a paradox well worth listening to!” retorted Lucia,
-with a sarcastic smile.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Why so—do you then believe me destitute of
-them?”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I have never deemed the subject worthy of reflection;
-yet, if I mistake not, the world does not
-burthen you with such attributes.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And the world is probably right, Miss Laurence,”
-answered Gadsby, piqued and angry. He arose, and
-walked several times across the room, then again
-pausing before her, he said in a softened tone, “And
-yet, although our acquaintance has been but brief, I
-trust I have given you no reason to pass such severe
-censure upon me.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A quick retort rose to the lips of Lucia, but as she
-raised her eyes, they met those of Gadsby fixed upon
-her with an expression such as she could not well
-define, so strangely were reproach and tenderness
-blended. She was embarrassed, a deep blush mantled
-her face, and the words were unspoken.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“She is not, then, utterly heartless—that blush
-belies it!” thought Gadsby. “Say, Miss Laurence,
-may I not hope for a more lenient judgment from you
-than the world accords?” he said, again addressing
-her.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“What ails me? Why do I tremble thus? Am I
-really to be the dupe of this deceiver. No! let me
-be true to myself!” mentally exclaimed Lucia; and
-then, with a look which instantly chilled the warm
-impulse in the heart of Gadsby, she said,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“My opinion can be of very little consequence to
-Mr. Gadsby.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“True, Miss Laurence. I wish you good morning,”
-and proudly bowing himself out of the room,
-Gadsby took leave.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Fool that I am to blush before him, who of all
-men has the least power over me. It is well I know
-him, or even I might be deceived by such looks as
-he just now cast upon me!” cried Lucia, as the
-door closed after her visiter.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER V.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It was some weeks after this ere Mr. Gadsby so
-far mastered his pride as to call again upon the disdainful
-Miss Laurence. To his great regret he was
-then informed that she was ill, very ill; and for
-many days his inquiries were all met by the same
-painful answer. There is nothing sooner breaks
-down the barrier of feigned indifference than the illness
-of one whom we are schooling ourselves to avoid;
-and thus, in the heart of Gadsby, coldness, distrust,
-disdain, yielded at once to the most painful solicitude
-and deep tenderness. This sudden revulsion quite
-overcame even the caution of this redoubtable coquet,
-so captious of any appearance of surrendering the
-long boasted freedom of his heart; and careless of
-what “the lookers on in Venice” might say, he
-called daily to make inquiries, and sent to the fair
-invalid the most beautiful flowers as delicate memorials
-of his sympathy, however he might once
-have named them as fit emblems of the frailty of
-woman’s vows.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>One morning early Clarence Walton entered the
-office of Gadsby.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Good morning. Have you heard from Miss
-Laurence to-day, Walton?” was the first inquiry.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“I am sorry to say she is not so well.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Is it possible! Who told you—are you sure?”
-said Mr. Gadsby, turning quite pale.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes; I am told she is better of the old complaint,
-but her friends think now that she has a confirmed
-heart disease!” answered Walton, gravely.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Good God! you don’t say so! Is it incurable—is
-there no hope?” exclaimed Gadsby, starting from
-his seat.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Heart complaints are very dangerous in all cases,
-I believe,” replied Walton, turning his head to conceal
-a smile, “yet I hope Miss Laurence is not incurable;
-indeed, I feel quite confident that if she
-would but call in a physician I could recommend,
-she might soon be restored.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“And wont she? Have you spoken to her friends?
-Where is he to be found—for not a moment should
-be lost; it is your duty to insist upon it!” cried
-Gadsby, catching the arm of his friend, who seemed
-provokingly indifferent.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“If she will only consent to see him, I shall gladly
-name him to you—but why are you so much interested?
-To be sure, common kindness dictates
-sympathy for the illness of one so young and beautiful;
-but why you should take her sickness so much
-at heart, quite astonishes me,” said Walton.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then, Walton, let me tell you that it is because
-I love her; yes, love her more than my life!” replied
-Gadsby. “I know she despises me, for I
-have appeared to her in a false light, for which I
-may thank my own folly, and in giving my heart to
-her, I have sealed my own wretchedness.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Walton respected the feelings of his friend at this
-candid avowal, and checking the well-merited jest
-which rose to his lips, said,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“In so hasty a decision, and one so fatal to your
-happiness, I think you do both Miss Laurence and
-yourself injustice; if you really love her, pursue the
-game boldly—I think you need not despair.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Grateful for his forbearance on a point to which
-he was aware he was a fair subject for ridicule, and
-somewhat encouraged by the words and manner of
-Walton, Gadsby frankly continued,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“If her life is spared, I will show her that I am
-not what she has thought me. Yes, I will study to
-win her love. O, my friend, should I succeed—should
-I gain that rich treasure of beauty and intelligence,
-my whole life shall be devoted to her <a id='happ'></a>happiness!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>What think you now, dear reader, of our invincible
-coquet?</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Let us now change the scene to the sick room of
-Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Look, my darling! see what beautiful flowers
-have been sent you this morning!” said Mrs. Laurence,
-as Charlotte Atwood entered the room, bearing
-in her hands two large and splendid bouquets.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“How beautiful!” cried Lucia, a faint color
-tinging her pale cheek.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Yes, they are beautiful,” said her friend Charlotte;
-“really, Lucia, to be so tenderly remembered
-in sickness, compensates for a great deal of
-suffering. But you are favored; now I dare say poor
-I might look in vain for any such fragrant tokens of
-kindness.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You carry them always with you, dear Charlotte;
-your heart is a perfect garden of all fair and
-beautiful flowers,” said Mrs. Laurence, smiling
-gratefully at the affectionate girl, who had shared
-with her so faithfully the cares and anxieties of her
-child’s sick bed.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Do you know who sent them?” asked Lucia, as
-she bent her head to inhale their sweetness.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“That I shall not tell you,” answered Charlotte,
-catching the flowers from her hand. “They are
-offerings from your captive knights, fair princess;
-now choose the one you like best, and then I will
-tell you; but be as wary as Portia’s lovers in your
-choice, for I have determined in my mind that on
-whichever your selection falls, the fortunate donor
-shall also be the fortunate suitor for your hand—come,
-choose!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The bouquets were both beautiful. One was composed
-of the rarest and most brilliant green-house
-flowers arranged with exquisite taste; the other
-simply of the modest little Forget-me-not, rose-buds,
-and sweet mignonette.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“In the words of Bassanio, then, I will say,</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Outward shows be least themselves,</p>
-<p class='line0'>The world is still deceived with ornament;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>and thus I make my choice,“ answered Lucia,
-smiling, and blushing as she took the forget-me-not,
-and pressed them to her bosom.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“O happy, happy Mr. Gadsby!” cried Charlotte,
-laughing and clapping her hands.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Are these from him, then!” exclaimed Lucia, as
-she cast the beautiful flowers from her. “Then
-pardon me, Charlotte, if I make a new choice; Mr.
-Gadsby is too officious—pray bring me no more
-flowers from him!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You are really ungenerous, Lucia,” said Mrs.
-Laurence; “no one has been so attentive in their
-inquiries since you have been ill as Mr. Gadsby.
-I believe not a day has passed without his calling;
-they have not been merely formal inquiries either—his
-countenance betrays a real interest.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Lucia colored, and a gentle sigh heaved her bosom—but
-she said, coldly,</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“It is not difficult, dear mother, for Mr. Gadsby
-to feign an interest for any lady upon whom he
-chooses to inflict his attentions.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Now, Lucia, I take a bold, defensive ground for
-Mr. Gadsby,” exclaimed Charlotte. “You have
-abused the poor man unmercifully since you first
-knew him, nor given him credit for one honest feeling.
-Well, there is one comfort, you do not think
-worse of him than he does of you.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Then there is no love lost!” said Lucia, rather
-hastily.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“No, I am sure of that!” replied Charlotte, laughing.
-“There is none lost, it is true, but treasured
-in your very hearts, hidden away as fire beneath the
-snowy surface of Hecla, and which will one day
-suddenly burst its frigid bonds—now mark my
-words!”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You talk in enigmas, Charlotte, and I am too
-weary to solve them,” said Lucia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Pardon me, dearest, I forgot you were sitting
-up so long—you must lie down;” and as Charlotte
-turned to arrange the pillows for the fair invalid,
-in an opposite mirror she saw Lucia take up the
-discarded flowers, and—<span class='it'>press them to her lips</span>.</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-top:1em;'>——</p>
-
-<h2 class='nobreak'>CHAPTER VI.</h2>
-
-<p class='pindent'>For the first time for many weeks, Lucia once
-more left her chamber, and was able to receive the
-congratulatory visits of her friends. It was not long
-ere Mr. Gadsby took advantage of her convalescence
-to express in person his own pleasure at her
-recovered health.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>She had never looked more lovely in his eyes than
-when he thus met her. If, at the moment when he
-first looked upon her, her paleness pained him, the
-bright color which instantly mantled her cheek, and
-the agitation of her manner, sent a thrill of happiness
-to his heart. He took her small, attenuated
-hand, and pressed it tenderly, as, in an agitated voice,
-he told the happiness it gave him to see her again;
-and as Lucia raised her eyes to reply, she saw his
-fine countenance beaming with an expression which
-deepened her bloom and increased her embarrassment.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“You have been very kind, Mr. Gadsby, during
-my illness,” she said, at length, averting her face,
-“and I have to thank you for the many beautiful
-flowers with which you have cheered my sick
-chamber.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>These kind words from her—from the proud Lucia,
-rendered Gadsby almost beside himself with joy.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Do not thank me for so trifling a favor, when, if
-I could, I would so gladly have poured out my life’s
-blood to have saved you a moment’s pain! O, my
-dear Miss Laurence—”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Now spare me, kind reader; I was never good at
-a love scene. Only just fancy as pretty a declaration
-of love as you ever listened to, or poured from
-your own throbbing heart, and you will have the
-result of Mr. Gadsby’s interview with the fair Lucia,
-the self-styled “champion of her sex”—yet proving
-herself a recreant, after all her boasting; for I have
-been told, confidentially, that, so far from spurning
-this “hollow-breasted Frank Gadsby” from her
-feet, when Miss Atwood rather abruptly entered the
-drawing-room, she actually found her with her
-beautiful head resting on his shoulder, while his
-manly arm was thrown around her delicate waist—you
-must remember she was an invalid, and required
-support!</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>There is a snug little house not a stone’s throw
-from the residence of Mr. Laurence. It is furnished
-with perfect neatness and taste, and there, loving
-and beloved, our two coquettes have settled themselves
-down, in the practice of those domestic virtues
-and kindly affections which contribute so
-largely to the happiness of life. Frank Gadsby is
-now respected as an able lawyer, and bids fair to
-attain to great eminence in his profession; and never
-did Lucia, even in the most brilliant assembly, receiving
-the homage of so many eyes and hearts,
-look more lovely than now, as in her neat morning
-dress, with her beautiful hair in “braided tramels
-’bout her daintie ears,” and</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“Household motions light and free,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And steps of virgin liberty,”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='noindent'>she goes about dispensing order in her cherished
-home.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk123'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='185' id='Page_185'></span><h1><a id='geni'></a>THE GENIUS OF BYRON.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY REV. J. N. DANFORTH.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Twenty-five years ago it was announced, in an
-Edinburgh Journal, by Sir Walter Scott: “That
-mighty genius, which walked among men as something
-superior to ordinary mortality, and whose
-powers were beheld with wonder, and something
-approaching to terror, as if we knew not whether
-they were of good or of evil, is laid as soundly to
-rest as the poor peasant, whose ideas never went
-beyond his daily task. The voice of just blame,
-and that of malignant censure, are at once silenced;
-and we feel almost as if the great luminary of
-heaven had suddenly disappeared from the sky, at
-the very moment when every telescope was leveled
-for the examination of the spots which dimmed its
-brightness.” Thus did the great “Wizard of the
-North” open his beautiful tribute to the memory of
-the Noble Enchanter of the South, within whose
-fascinated circle had been drawn the beauty, fashion,
-genius and literature of England. It was as if the
-light of one star answered to that of another, or as if
-the music of the one responded to the dying strains
-of the other—each in his exalted sphere, when the
-“Great Unknown” thus uttered his voluntary eulogy
-on a kindred genius, not to say imperial rival, of the
-first magnitude, if the magnanimous spirit of the
-former could so conceive of any cotemporary. The
-first fervor of admiring enthusiasm of the genius of
-Byron having been cooled by the lapse of time, we are
-enabled to form a more judicious estimate of it, and
-of the treasures it poured forth with such lavish profusion.
-It is not now the image of the young lord
-we see in the brilliant saloon, surrounded by gay
-admirers, with a face of classic beauty, expressive
-eyes, an exquisite mouth and chin, hands aristocratically
-small and delicately white, while over his
-head strayed those luxuriant, dark-brown curls, that
-seem to constitute the mystery of finishing beauty
-about the immortal brow of man and womankind,
-and quite to defy the art of the sculptor. It is not
-such an one we see—a living, moving form, like
-our own; but we think of the ghastly image of
-death, we revert to the form mouldering in its
-subterranean bed, relapsing into as common dust as
-that of the poorest beggar. But the <span style='font-size:smaller'>MIND</span> remains—that
-which has stamped its burning thoughts on the
-poetic page; it survives, imperishable, in another,
-an etherial sphere. It has sought congenial companionship
-in one of the two states of perpetual being,
-as inevitably demonstrated by reason as taught
-by revelation. Byron himself might scorn to aspire
-after celestial purity and glory, but he could draw
-with a dark and flagrant pencil the terrors of remorse
-and retribution. He believed in the future
-existence of the soul, whatever words of ominous
-meaning might at times be inserted to complete a
-line or to indulge a whim of fancy. “Of the immortality
-of the soul,” said he, “it appears to me
-there can be but little doubt, if we attend for a moment
-to the action of mind; it is in perpetual activity.
-I used to doubt it, but reflection has taught me
-better. It acts also so very independent of the body—in
-dreams, for instance.&nbsp;.&nbsp;. I have often been
-inclined to materialism in philosophy, but could
-never bear its introduction into Christianity, which
-appears to me essentially founded on the soul. For
-this reason Priestly’s materialism always struck me
-as deadly. Believe the resurrection of the <span class='it'>body</span>, if you
-will, but not without the <span class='it'>soul</span>.” Thus there were
-times when the “divinity stirred within him,” and
-the soul asserted its regal prerogatives, and vindicated
-its own expectations of the future. Nay, the
-sentiment must have been habitual, for how often is
-it naturally implied in the ardor of composition, as
-in those beautiful lines:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“Remember me! Oh, pass not thou my grave,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Without one thought whose relics there recline.</p>
-<p class='line0'>The only pang my bosom dare not brave,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Would be to find forgetfulness in thine.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>But our chief concern is with the <span class='it'>Poet</span> Byron, not
-with the Philosopher or the Peer. It has been said that
-in reviewing the lives of the most illustrious poets—the
-class of intellect in which the characteristic features
-of genius are most strongly marked—we shall
-find that, from Homer to Byron, they have been
-restless and solitary spirits, with minds wrapped up,
-like silk-worms, in their own tasks, either strangers
-or rebels to domestic ties, and bearing about with
-them a deposit for posterity in their souls, to the
-jealous watching and enriching of which most all
-other thoughts and considerations have been sacrificed.
-In accordance with this theory, Pope said:
-“One misfortune of extraordinary geniuses is, that
-their very friends are more apt to admire than to
-love them.” True, they have often “dwelt apart,”
-have been so engaged in cultivating the imaginative
-faculty, as to become less sensible to the objects of
-real life, and have substituted the sensibilities of the
-imagination for those of the heart. Thus Dante is
-accused of wandering away from his wife and children
-to nurse his dream of Beatrice, Petrarch to have
-banished his daughter from his roof, while he luxuriated
-in poetic and impassioned ideals, Alfieri
-always kept away from his mother, and Sterne preferred,
-in the somewhat uncouth language of Byron,
-“whining over a dead ass to relieving a living
-mother.” But did not Milton love his daughter with
-an intense tenderness? Than Cowper who a more
-filial and devoted son to the memory of his mother?
-A fond father as well as faithful son was Campbell.
-Burns, too, delighted in his “fruitful vine,” and
-“tender olive plants.” In Wordsworth the beauty
-and purity of domestic life shone forth to the end.
-Southey had a home of love and peace. Scott was
-a model of a husband and father. Nothing can exceed
-the exquisite tenderness of some passages in
-his diary at the death of his wife. Goldsmith was
-neither husband nor father, yet his fine poetry never
-alienated his heart from the softer scenes and sympathies
-of life. It seemed rather to augment their
-claims, and the clear current from the fountain
-of the imagination is seen to flow right through the
-channel of the heart, sparkling with beauty and murmuring
-natural music in the enchanted ear. Even
-the voluptuous Moore is said to have repaired his
-fame and prolonged his days by settling down into
-the sobrieties of domestic life.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>To return to Byron. He might be said to be unfortunate
-in his cradle. His young days were brought
-under sinister influences and associations. The
-youth that is deprived of a healthy maternal guardianship,
-is to be pitied. Such was Byron’s lot.
-Alternately indulged and abused, petted and irritated,
-his temper was formed in a bad mould. Never
-could he forget the feeling of horror and humiliation
-that came over him when his mother, in one of her
-fits of passion, called him a “lame brat.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Now, as men of genius, being by a law of genius
-itself susceptible of strong impressions, are in the
-habit of reproducing those impressions in their
-works, a man of a sensitive poetic temperament, like
-Byron, and one so highly, so dangerously endowed
-with intellect, and a vigorous power of expression,
-would give to all these thoughts and associations a
-local habitation, a living permanence in poetry, romance,
-and even in history, so far as it could be
-turned to such a purpose. In his Deformed Transformed,
-Bertha says: “Out, hunchback!” Poor
-Arnold replies: “I was born so, mother!” If, then,
-we find the traits of misanthropy, scorn, hate, revenge,
-and others of the serpent brood, so often obtruding
-themselves in his poetry as to compel us to
-believe they were combined with the very texture
-of his thoughts and the action of his imagination, imparting
-to it a sombre and menacing aspect, we must
-refer much of this melancholy idiosyncracy to his
-early education. He was always grieving over the
-malformation of his foot. Far more lamentable was
-the malformation of his mental habits. But this,
-unlike the other, could be corrected. He should
-have exerted himself to achieve so noble a victory.
-Instead of this he resigned himself to the strength of
-the downward current, and was finally dashed
-among the rocks, where other stranded wrecks
-uttered their warning voice in vain. There did he
-take up the affecting lamentation:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“The thorns which I have reaped are of the tree</p>
-<p class='line0'>I planted—they have torn me, and I bleed.</p>
-<p class='line0'>I should have known what fruit would spring from such a seed.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Goethe said of him, that he was inspired with the
-<span class='it'>genius of Pain</span>. The joyous, cheerful spirit that
-pervades the works of men who, like Scott and
-Southey, were educated under auspicious influences,
-and by a healthy process grew up to manhood with
-an habitual regard to the sacred sanctions annexed
-to their physical and moral being, contrasts strongly
-with the morbid, gloomy, and often bitter and sarcastic
-temper of that poetry, which seems to flow as
-if from some poisoned fountain of Helicon. Sometimes,
-indeed, he forgets his fancied wrongs and real
-woes, as when walking amid the ruins of imperial
-Rome, and kindred contiguities, he throws himself
-back into the very bosom of classic antiquity, and
-pours out the purest strains of eloquence, enriched
-with the glowing sunlight of poetry. For a time
-the shadow of the evil spirit appears to depart from
-him, and the true glory of his genius shines forth
-without a cloud, while the sentiments that rise in
-his soul ascend to a pitch of moral sublimity beyond
-which the ambition of the human imagination could
-not desire to go. In the fourth canto of Childe Harold
-his power of conception and expression culminated,
-and the publication of that poem called forth
-a judgment of the Lord Chief Justice of the Bench
-of Literature, Francis Jeffrey, which almost deserves
-a coequal immortality with the poem itself, and it is
-impossible to account for this splendid piece of criticism
-being left out of the recent collection of the elegant
-Critic and Essayist, except on the supposition that
-the most accomplished judges of other men’s works
-are some times incompetent to fix the right estimate
-of their own. Genius does not always accurately
-weigh its own productions, since Milton preferred
-his Paradise Regained to his Paradise Lost, and Byron
-himself was inveterately attached to a poem, or
-rather a translation, to restrain him from publishing
-which cost the strongest efforts of his most influential
-friends.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>He was then a voluntary exile from his native
-land, that noble England, which should be dear to all
-great men, because the mother of so many; he was
-nursing many fictitious sorrows; affecting a scorn
-for his country he could not feel; defying the judgments
-of men to which he was painfully sensitive;
-mourning over the blasted blossoms of domestic
-happiness; seeking new sources of gratification, or
-old gratifications in new forms; in the <a id='midst'></a>midst of all he
-plunges into the arcana of classic lore; he dives into
-the crystal depths of classic antiquity, to draw forth
-beautiful gems, dripping with the sparkling element,
-untainted by its passage through centuries of time.
-He reconstructs the whole scene to our view, mingling
-his illustrations from those severer arts with the
-sweet and graceful touches of a pencil that seems
-capable of catching and delineating every form of
-beauty that can engage the fancy or awaken the imagination.
-We have been filled with admiration, we
-have been fired with enthusiasm, at some of these
-magnificent strains of poetry, noble ideas, burning
-thoughts, assuming precisely the dress, the costume,
-which best became them. Whether the poet takes
-us along the bank of some classic stream, places us
-before some romantic city, flies over the battle-field,
-luxuriates in a moonlight scene, lingers amid broken
-columns and bubbling fountains, gazes on the splendid
-remnants of statues that almost seem instinct
-with the breath of life, conducts us to the roaring of
-the cataract, across whose dread chasm, “the hell of
-waters,” is arched here and there the lovely Iris,
-with her seven-fold dyes, “like Hope upon a death-bed,”
-then upward passes and beholds the solemn
-mountains, the Alps or Appenines, scenes of heroic
-daring and suffering, contemplates the mighty ocean,
-“dark, heaving, boundless, endless and sublime, the
-image of eternity,” over whose bosom ten thousand
-fleets have swept, and left no marks; finally, if he
-leads us back to the Eternal City, not as in her pride
-of place and power, but as oppressed with the
-“double night of ages,” as the “Niobe of nations,”
-the “lone mother of dead empires,” sitting in solitude,
-“an empty urn within her withered hands,”
-and draws mighty lessons from all these objects, in
-all this we behold the splendor of true genius; we
-feel its power; we wonder at the gifts of God thus
-bestowed; we tremble at the responsibility of the
-man thus rarely endowed by his Creator. That regal
-imagination, disdaining at times the vulgarities to
-which a depraved heart would subject it, asserts its
-native dignity, and as it ranges among more quiet
-scenes utters, with the solemnity of a prophet, such
-a lesson as this:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“If from society we learn to live,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;’Tis solitude should teach us how to die.</p>
-<p class='line0'>It hath no flatterers; vanity can give</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;No hollow aid; alone, man with his God must strive.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Besides that <span style='font-size:smaller'>ORIGINALITY</span>, which is a distinguishing
-attribute of the genius of Byron, there is in his
-language a power of concentration, which adds
-greatly to its vigor; some condensing process of
-thought is going on, the result of which is much
-meaning in few words, and those words kept under
-the law of fitness with more than military precision,
-yet without constraint. Few feeble words or straggling
-lines disfigure his poetry. That infamous effusion
-of a putrid mind, Don Juan, has most of them,
-while it has also some exquisite gems of beauty.
-As the last offspring of a teeming mind, it evidences a
-progress in sensual depravity, and an effrontery in
-publishing it to the world, seldom adventured by the
-most reckless contemner of the opinion of his fellow
-men, or the most impious blasphemer of the majesty
-of God. Indeed, his moral sense must have reached
-that region said to be inhabited by demons, who
-“impair the strength of better thoughts,”</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“Making the sun like blood, the earth a tomb,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;The tomb a hell, and hell itself a murkier gloom.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It was of this last, deeply characteristic work,
-that Blackwood’s Magazine said, at the time: “In
-its composition there is unquestionably a more thorough
-and intense infusion of genius and vice, power
-and profligacy, than in any poem which had ever
-been written in the English, or indeed in any other
-modern language.” No poem, perhaps, ever exhibited
-a more remarkable mixture of ease, strength,
-fluency, gayety, mock-seriousness, and even refined
-tenderness of sentiment along with coarse indecency.
-Love, honor, purity, patriotism, chastity, religion,
-are all set forth or set at naught, just as suits the present,
-vagrant fancy of the author. The Edinburgh
-Review justly said: “We are acquainted with no
-writings so well calculated to extinguish in young
-minds all generous enthusiasm and gentle affection,
-all respect for themselves, and all love for their
-kind; to make them practice and profess hardly
-what it teaches them to suspect in others, and actually
-to persuade them that it is wise and manly, and
-knowing, to laugh, not only at self-denial and restraint,
-but at all aspiring ambition, and all warm
-and constant affection.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The opinion of admiring and impartial critics, indeed,
-was, that the tendency of his writings was to
-destroy all belief in the reality of virtue, to make
-constancy of devotion ridiculous; not so much by
-direct maxims and examples of an imposing or seducing
-kind, as by the habitual exhibition of the
-most profligate heartlessness in the persons who had
-been represented as actuated by the purest and most
-exalted emotions, and in the lessons of that same
-teacher who, a moment before, was so pathetic and
-eloquent in the expression of the loftiest conceptions.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>How nobly different was Burns, the peer of Byron
-in genius—analogous to him, as well in the strength
-of passion as in the beauty of imagination; attracted,
-like him, by the Circean cup, absorbed at times in
-his convivialities, but never jesting with virtue,
-jeering at religion, or scorning the recollections of a
-pious home and a praying father. They rose by the
-force of their genius—they fell by the strength of
-their passions; but the fall of the one was only a
-repetition of the lapses of apostate humanity—guilty,
-indeed, but profoundly self-lamented, often expiated
-in tears wept on the bosom of domestic affection. The
-fall of the other was like that of the arch-angel ruined,
-defying Omnipotence, even when rolling in agony on
-a sea of fire. Even when feeding his fancy and invigorating
-his imagination amid the rural charms
-and sublimities of Switzerland, Byron thus writes in
-his journal: “I am a lover of nature and an admirer
-of beauty. I can bear fatigue and welcome privation,
-and have seen some of the noblest views in
-the world. But in all this, the recollection of bitterness,
-and more especially of more recent and
-more home desolation, which must accompany me
-through life, have preyed upon me here; and neither
-the music of the shepherd, the crashing of the avalanche,
-nor the torrent, the mountain, the glacier,
-the forest, nor the cloud, have for one moment
-lightened the weight upon my heart, nor enabled me
-to lose my own wretched identity in the majesty, and
-the power, and the glory around, above, and beneath
-me.” Or, as expressed in another form:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;&ensp;“——I have thought</p>
-<p class='line0'>Too long and darkly, till my brain became,</p>
-<p class='line0'>In its own eddy, boiling and o’er wrought—</p>
-<p class='line0'>A whirling gulf of phantasy and flame.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Why all this? A part of the secret is disclosed
-by himself, in a letter to his friend Dallas: “My
-whole life has been at variance with propriety, not
-to say decency.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;. My friends are dead or
-estranged, and my existence a dreary void.” It had
-not been so had passion been held in check by principle,
-instead of principle being subjected to passion.
-There is, indeed, too much reason to believe the
-truth, that in connection with great versatility of
-powers, there is too often found a tendency to versatility
-of principle. So the unprincipled Chatterton
-said: “he held that man in contempt who
-could not write on both sides of a question.” Byron
-delights in sketching the most odd and opposite sorts
-and styles of pictures, and in abruptly bringing into
-rude collision the most opposite principles, as if he
-would amuse himself with the shock while he distresses
-the sensibilities of others. His powers were
-mighty, various, beautiful; but they needed adjustment.
-There was no regular balance-wheel in his
-intellectual and moral system. In another, or more
-painful sense, than the pensive and drooping genius
-of Cowper expressed it, might Byron say:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“The howling blasts drive devious, tempest-tossed,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Sails ripped, seams opening wide, and compass lost,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And day by day some current’s thwarting force</p>
-<p class='line0'>Sets me more distant from a prosperous course.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>His refined and exquisite sense of the beautiful in
-poesy could not be surpassed. His pictures of mortal
-loveliness are quite inimitable, and there is at times
-in the strains of his muse, in the very structure of
-his language, a tenderness, which it would seem impossible
-could co-exist with that severity so often, so
-naturally sharpening into sarcasm, as if it were a
-part of the staple of his mind. The lash of criticism
-having first roused up the dormant energies of his
-genius, his first impulse was to seize the sharpest
-weapons of satire he could find, and even the poisoned
-arrows of vituperation and slander, and with a power
-and precision of archery seldom surpassed, to take
-his full measure of retaliation. Nay, he became so
-fond of the sport, or so unable otherwise to satisfy
-his revenge, that he multiplied innocent victims,
-assailing his own relations, and even the noble, generous,
-genial Scott, whose maxim it was never to
-provoke or be provoked, especially in his intercourse
-with the irritable tribe of authors. Firmly and
-calmly Scott resolved to receive the fire of all sorts
-of assailants, who were engaged in the “raving
-warfare of satire, parody, and sarcasm.” This sudden,
-bellicose production of Byron’s impulsive
-genius—English Bards and Scotch Reviewers—cost
-even him shame and sorrow the rest of his life. But
-still he was ever fond of sailing on that quarter. His
-impulses must ever be of the fiery, fitful kind. It is
-a wonder that, among all his paradoxes and peregrinations,
-he did not pay a visit to the <span class='it'>Dead Sea</span>. That
-<span class='it'>would</span> have been a congenial pilgrimage for Childe
-Harold; and, then, for such a drake as he was to
-swim in its waters! The exploit of Leander was only
-repeated by him from Sestus to Abydos. The other
-would have been an original feat, worthy of the taste
-of a man who preferred drinking out of a skull to the
-usual mode of potation out of the ordinary goblets of
-civilization.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Severe, scornful, passionate, vengeful, as he often
-was, how do those stern features relax, and the
-milder sensibilities rise into tender exercise, when,
-as a father in exile, he writes:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“My daughter! with thy name this song begun,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;My daughter! with thy name thus much shall end.</p>
-<p class='line0'>I see thee not—I hear thee not—but none</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Can be so wrapt in thee; thou art the friend</p>
-<p class='line0'>To whom the shadows of far years extend;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Albeit my brow thou never shouldst behold,</p>
-<p class='line0'>My voice shall with thy future visions blend,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And reach into thy heart—when mine is cold,</p>
-<p class='line0'>A token and a tone, even from thy father’s mould.”</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Thus, with a certain style of uniformity everywhere
-observable, especially in his characters, there
-is much variety of thought, emotion and passion,
-evidential of great fertility of mind. If he does reproduce
-the same hero under different names, and
-even give strong indications of his identification with
-himself, still the wand of the enchanter invests him
-with so many brilliant aspects, places him in so
-many imposing attitudes, as to produce all the effect of
-novelty. His muse less delights in planning incidents
-and grouping characters, than in working out, as
-with the sculptor’s energetic art, single, stern,
-striking models of heroic humanity, albeit stained
-with dangerous vices. His very genius has been
-declared to be inspired with the classic enthusiasm
-that has produced some of the most splendid specimens
-of the chisel; “his heroes stand alone, as upon
-marble pedestals, displaying the naked power of
-passion, or the wrapped up and reposing energy of
-grief.” Medora, Gulnare, Lara, Manfred, Childe
-Harold, might each furnish an original from which
-the sculptor could execute copies, that would stand
-the proud impressive symbols of manliness or of loveliness,
-satisfying even those intense dreams of beauty
-which poets and lovers sometimes indulge in their
-solitary musings.</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“There, too, the goddess loves in stone, and fills</p>
-<p class='line0'>The air around with beauty; we inhale</p>
-<p class='line0'>The ambrosial aspect, which, beheld, instils</p>
-<p class='line0'>Part of its immortality.” &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class='sc'>Childe Harold.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This poem, indeed, is a perfect gallery of art,
-whose paintings and statues are drawn and fashioned
-from the life, with the skill of a consummate master
-and the facility of a powerful creative, divinely endowed
-genius. He places his hand on the broad canvas
-of life, and behold the figures that rise under
-his magic pencil! They are, indeed, too often dark,
-stern, mysterious and awful, stained with vices, and
-pre-doomed, for their guilt, to the pains of a terrible
-reprobation. With such characters the genius of
-Byron had a strange sympathy. Hence his admiration
-of that historical passage in the Scriptures,
-in which the crime and the doom of Saul is so
-solemnly set forth at the tomb of the prophet Samuel,
-whose sepulchral slumbers were so rudely disturbed
-by the intrusion of the anxious and distressed monarch,
-now forsaken by his God. Shakspeare, having
-finished off one of these dark and repulsive pictures,
-as in his Macbeth or Lear, passes to the sketching of
-more cheerful and even humorous portraits; but
-Byron, for the most part, delights to dwell in darkness.
-Thus, in this poem, when the curse is imprecated,
-the time midnight, the scene the ruined site
-of the temple of the Furies, the auditors the ghosts of
-departed years, the imprecator a spirit fallen from
-an unwonted height of glory to the depths of wo.
-Principals and accessaries assume the sombre coloring
-of his imagination, from which, however, at
-times, shoots a gleam of beauty, that imparts loveliness
-to the whole scene. Milton, with his almost
-perfect sense of beauty, and the fitness of things,
-would never have put such words as these in the
-mouth of his Eve:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>“May the grass wither from thy foot! the woods</p>
-<p class='line0'>Deny thee shelter—earth a home—the dust</p>
-<p class='line0'>A grave! the sun his light! and Heaven her God!”</p>
-<p class='line0' style='text-align:right;margin-right:0em;'><span class='sc'>Cain.</span></p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It was quite suitable for Byron to talk so in his
-Cain, but he has not unsettled the position of the
-world’s estimate of its first mother, so firmly established
-by Milton. He was, at the time, perhaps,
-thinking of himself as Cain, and of his own mother
-as in one of her imprecating paroxysms. Alas, that
-he should have gone on in lawless indulgence, insulting,
-both in poetry and practice, the sanctity of
-domestic, heaven-constituted, earth-blessing ties,
-until, after an abortive, ill-directed struggle for poor
-Greece, he sunk into an early grave, at 36 aet., the
-very meridian of life! He was never satisfied with
-his earthly lot, not even with the rare gifts of his
-genius, nor with the achievements it made. He
-professed to consider a poet, no matter what his eminence,
-as quite a secondary character to a great
-statesman or warrior. As he had failed in the first
-character, he resolved to try the second, and strike
-for the liberty he had sung. But Fame had no place
-for him in this part of her temple. With the rest of
-the tuneful tribe, he descends to the judgment of
-posterity as a <span class='sc'>Poet</span>; with all men of genius above
-the million, as more deeply responsible than they to
-the author of all mercies; with all men whatever,
-as a <span style='font-size:smaller'>MORAL AND IMMORTAL BEING</span>, accountable at
-the tribunal of God.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The mind would fail in any attempt to estimate
-the immense influence of his genius and writings
-upon the youthful mind and morals of the past generation—an
-influence to be augmented in a geometrical
-ratio in the future. What is written, is
-written, constituting a portion of the active influence
-circulating in the world—not to be recalled, not to
-be extinguished, but to move on to the end of time,
-and finally to be met by its originator, where all
-illusions will vanish, and all truth, justice and purity
-be vindicated.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk124'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='outw'></a>OUTWARD BOUND.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY THOMAS BUCHANAN READ.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>Fare ye well, our native valleys,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And our native hills farewell;</p>
-<p class='line'>Though we part, your blessed memory</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Shall be with us like a spell:—</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>For with you are souls in silence</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Breathing for us hopes and prayers,</p>
-<p class='line'>Loving eyes that weep in secret</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Gazing on the vacant chairs.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Tender hearts made dear unto us</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;By unnumbered sacred ties,</p>
-<p class='line'>Bend at eve their tearful vision</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;To the stars that o’er us rise.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>There are children, darling children,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;In the April of their years,</p>
-<p class='line'>In their play they cease and call us,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And their laughter melts to tears.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>There are maidens overshadowed</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;With a transient cloud of May,</p>
-<p class='line'>There are wives who sit in sorrow</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Like a rainy summer day.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>There our parents sit dejected</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;In the darkness of their grief,</p>
-<p class='line'>Mourning their last hope departed</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;As the autumn mourns its leaf.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>But the prayers of these are with us</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Till the winds that fill the sails</p>
-<p class='line'>Seem to be the breath of blessings</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;From our native hills and vales.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Then farewell, the breeze is with us,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And our vessel ploughs the foam;</p>
-<p class='line'>God, who guides the good ship seaward</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Will protect the loved at home.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk125'/>
-
-<div class='figcenter'>
-<img src='images/i119.jpg' alt='' id='iid-0001' style='width:450px;height:auto;'/>
-<p class='caption'><span class='bold'>HE COMES NOT.</span><br/> <br/><span style='font-size:smaller'>Painted by W. Brown and Engraved expressly for Graham's Magazine by W. Holl</span></p>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='tbk126'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='comes'></a>HE COMES NOT.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;'><span class='bold'>[WITH AN ENGRAVING.]</span></p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY C. SWAIN.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>Night throws her silver tresses back,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;And o’er the mountain-tops afar</p>
-<p class='line'>She leaves a soft and moonlight track,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;More glorious than the day-beams are;</p>
-<p class='line'>And while she steers her moonlight <a id='barq2'></a>barque</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Along that starry river now,</p>
-<p class='line'>Each leaf, each flower, each bending bough,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Starts into beauty from the dark;</p>
-<p class='line'>Each path appears a silver line,</p>
-<p class='line'>And naught in earth—but all divine.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Oh, never light of moon was shed</p>
-<p class='line'>Upon a maid’s more timid tread;</p>
-<p class='line'>And never star of heaven shone</p>
-<p class='line'>On face more fair to look upon.</p>
-<p class='line'>Hark! was not that a whisper light?</p>
-<p class='line'>A step—a movement—yet so slight,</p>
-<p class='line'>That silence holds its breath in vain</p>
-<p class='line'>To catch that fleeting sound again.</p>
-<p class='line'>Well may’st thou start, lone, timid dove,</p>
-<p class='line'>To-night he comes not to thy love.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk127'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='190' id='Page_190'></span><h1><a id='rail'></a>RAIL AND RAIL SHOOTING.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY HENRY WILLIAM HERBERT, AUTHOR OF FRANK FORESTER’S “FIELD SPORTS,” “FISH AND FISHING,” ETC.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter'>
-<img src='images/i126.jpg' alt='' id='iid-0002' style='width:450px;height:auto;'/>
-<p class='caption'><span class='bold'>THE VIRGINIA RAIL. (<span class='it'>Rallus Virginianus.</span>)</span><br/><span class='bold'>THE SORA RAIL. (<span class='it'>Rallus Carolinensis.</span>)</span></p>
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>With the present month commences the pursuit of this
-singular and delicious species of game, and, although as
-a sport it is not to be compared with the bolder and more
-varied interest of shooting over dogs on the upland, still
-the great numbers which are killed, and the rapidity with
-which shot after shot is discharged in succession, render
-Rail-shooting a very favorite pastime, more especially
-with the sportsmen of Philadelphia, in the vicinity of
-which city this curious little bird is found in the greatest
-abundance.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Of the <span class='it'>rallidæ</span>, or Rail family, there are many varieties
-in America, all of them more or less aquatic in their habits,
-and none of them being, as the Corncrake, or Land Rail,
-of Europe, purely terrestrial; though the little Yellow-Breasted,
-or New York Rail, <span class='it'>Rallus Noveboracencis</span>, approaches
-the most nearly to that type, being frequently
-killed in upland stubble or fallow fields.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The principal of these species, and those most worthy
-of notice, are—the Clapper Rail, or great Salt-Water Rail,
-variously known as the Meadow Hen, or Mud Hen; found
-very extensively along all the tide morasses, and salt
-meadows of the Atlantic coast, but more especially on
-the shores of Long Island, and in New Jersey, at Barnegat
-and Egg Harbor. This, the scientific name of which
-is <span class='it'>Rallus crepitans</span>, is the largest of the species; it is shot
-from row boats in high spring tides, when the water has
-risen so much as to render it impossible for the Rails
-either to escape by running, which they do at other times
-with singular fleetness, baffling the best dogs by the
-celerity with which they pass between the thick-set stalks
-of the reeds and wild oats, constituting their favorite
-covert, or to lurk unseen among the dense herbage.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This Rail, like all its race, is a slow and heavy flyer,
-flapping awkwardly along with its legs hanging down and
-a laborious flutter of the wings. It is, of course, very
-easily shot, even by a bungler, and there is little or no
-sport in the pursuit, though its flesh is tender and delicate,
-so that it is pursued on that account with some eagerness.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Second to the Clapper Rail, in size, and infinitely superior
-to it in beauty and excellence of flesh, is the King
-Rail, <span class='it'>Rallus elegans</span>, which is by far the handsomest of
-the species. It is commonly known as the Fresh-Water
-Meadow Hen, though it is not with us to the northward a
-frequent or familiar visitant, the Delaware river being for
-the most part its northeastern limit, and very few being
-killed to the eastward of that boundary. A few are found,
-it is true, from time to time, in New Jersey, and it has
-occurred on Long Island, and in the southern part of New
-York, though rather as an exception than as a rule.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Next to these come the Virginia Rail, which is represented
-to the right hand of the cut at the head of this
-paper, and the Sora, which accompanies it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The Virginia Rail, <span class='it'>Rallus Virginianus</span>, notwithstanding
-its nomenclature, which would seem to indicate its
-peculiar local habitation, is very generally found throughout
-the United States, and very far to the northward of
-the Old Dominion. I have myself killed it in the State of
-Maine, as well as in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania,
-at the marsh of the <span class='it'>Aux Canards</span> river, in Canada
-East, and on the head waters of the Lake Huron Rivers.
-In the great wild rice marshes of the St. Clair river, the
-Virginia Rail, like most of the aquatic birds and waders,
-is very common. It is rather more upland in its habits
-than its companion, the Sora, which delights in the wettest
-tide-flowed swamps where the foot of man can scarcely
-tread, being frequently killed by the Snipe-shooter in wet
-inland meadows, which is rarely or never the case with
-the Sora.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The Virginia Rail is, however, not unfrequently found
-in company with the other on the mud flats of the Delaware,
-and, with it, is shot from skiffs propelled by a pole
-through the reed beds at high water.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The Virginia Rail is a pretty bird, measuring about eight
-inches in length. The bill is about an inch long, slightly
-decurved, red at the base and black at the extremity; the
-nostrils linear. The top of the head is dark-brown, with
-a few pale yellowish streaks; a blackish band extends
-from the base of the bill to the eye, and a large, ash-colored
-spot, commencing above the eye posteriorily, occupies
-the whole of the cheeks. The throat, breast, and belly,
-so far as to the thighs, which partake the same color, are
-of a rich fulvous red, deepest on the belly. The upper
-parts, back of the neck, scapulars, and rump, are dark
-blackish-brown, irregularly streaked and dashed with pale
-yellowish-olive. The wing-coverts are bright bay, the
-quills and tail blackish-brown. The vent black, every
-feather margined with white. The legs are red, naked a
-little way up the tibia. It is a very rapid runner, but
-flies heavily. It affords a succulent and highly flavored
-dish, and is accordingly very highly prized, though scarcely
-equal in this respect to its congener, the Sora, which is
-regarded by many persons as the most delicious of all
-game, though for my own part I would postpone it to the
-Canvas-Back, <span class='it'>Fuligula valisneria</span>, the Upland Plover,
-<span class='it'>Totanus Bartramius</span>, and the Pinnated Grouse, or Prairie
-Fowl, <span class='it'>Tetrao cupido</span>.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The Sora Rail, <span class='it'>Rallus Carolinus</span>, which is more especially
-the subject of this paper, is somewhat inferior in
-size to the last species, and is easily distinguished from it
-by the small, round head, and short bill, in which it differs
-from all the rest of its family. This bill is scarcely half
-an inch in length, unusually broad at the base, and tapering
-regularly to a bluntly rounded point. At the base
-and through nearly the whole length of the lower mandible
-it is pale greenish-yellow, horn-colored at the tip.
-The crown of the head, nape, and shoulders, are of a
-uniform pale olive-brown, with a medial black stripe on
-the crown. The cheeks, throat, and breast, pale rufous
-brown, fading into rufous white on the belly, which is
-mottled with broad transverse gray lines. The back,
-scapulars, wing-coverts, and rump, are olive-brown,
-broadly patched with black, and having many of the
-feathers margined longitudinally with white, the quills
-dark blackish-brown, the tail dark reddish-brown. The
-lower parts from the tail posteriorily to the vent transversely
-banded with black and white. The legs long and
-slender, bare a short way up the tibia, of a pale greenish
-hue. The iris of the eye is bright chestnut. The male
-bird has several black spots on the neck.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This bird is migratory in the United States, passing along
-the sea-coast as well as in the interior; a few breed in
-New Jersey, on the Raritan, Passaic, and Hackensack
-rivers; but on the Delaware and its tributaries, which
-abound with wild rice, it is exceedingly abundant, as it is
-also in the great northwestern lakes and rivers which are
-all plentifully supplied with this its favorite food. It is
-rarely killed in New York or to the eastward, though a
-few are found on the flats of the Hudson. It winters for
-the most part to the south of the United States, although
-a few pass the cold season in the tepid swamps and morasses
-of Florida and Louisiana. All this is now ascertained
-beyond doubt, but till within a few years all sorts
-of strange fabulous tales have been in circulation concerning
-the habits of this bird; arising from the circumstance
-of its very sudden and mysterious arrival and disappearance
-on its breeding-grounds, the marshes being one day
-literally alive with them, and the next solitary and deserted.
-Add to this its difficult, short, and laborious flight,
-apparently so inadequate to the performance of migrations
-thousands of miles in length, and it will be easy to conceive
-that the vulgar, the ignorant, and the prejudiced,
-should have been unable to comprehend the possibility of
-its aërial voyages, and should have endeavored to account
-for their disappearance by insisting that they burrow into
-the mud and become torpid during the winter, as I have
-myself heard men maintain, incredulous and obstinate
-against conviction. Audubon has thought it necessary
-gravely, and at some length, to controvert this absurd
-fallacy, and in doing so has recorded the existence of a
-planter on the James River, in Virginia, who is well convinced
-that the Sora changes in the autumn into a frog,
-and resumes its wings and plumage in the spring, thus renewing
-the absurd old legend of Gerardus Cambrensis in
-relation to the tree which bears shell-fish called <span class='it'>barnacles</span>,
-whence in due season issue <span class='it'>barnacle geese</span>.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The Sora Rail arrives in the Northern States in April or
-May. I saw one killed myself this spring in a deep tide
-marsh on the Salem creek, near Pennsville, in New Jersey,
-on the 25th of the former month, which was in pretty good
-condition. They migrate so far north as to Hudson’s
-Bay, where they arrive early in June, and depart again
-for the south early in the autumn. They breed in May
-and June, making an inartificial nest of dry grass, usually
-in a tussock in the marsh, and laying four or five eggs of
-dirty white, with brown or blackish-white spots. The
-young run as soon as they are hatched, and skulk about
-in the grass like young mice, being covered with black
-down. The Sora Rail is liable to a curious sort of epileptic
-fit, into which it appears to fall in consequence of the
-paroxysms of fear or rage to which it is singularly
-liable.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The following account of the habits and the method of
-shooting this bird, from Wilson’s great work on the Birds
-of America, is so admirably graphic, truthful, and life-like,
-that I prefer transcribing it for my own work on
-Field Sports, into which I copied it entire as incomparably
-superior to any thing I have elsewhere met on the subject,
-to recording it myself with, perhaps, inferior vigor.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“Early in August, when the reeds along the shores of
-the Delaware have attained their full growth, the Rail
-resort to them in great numbers, to feed on the seeds of
-this plant, of which they, as well as the Rice-birds, and
-several others, are immoderately fond. These reeds,
-which appear to be the <span class='it'>Zizania panicula effusa</span> of Linnæus,
-and the <span class='it'>Zizania clavulosa</span> of Willenden, grow up
-from the soft muddy shores of the tide-water, which are,
-alternately, dry, and covered with four or five feet of
-water. They rise with an erect tapering stem, to the
-height of eight or ten feet, being nearly as thick below as
-a man’s wrist, and cover tracts along the river for many
-acres. The cattle feed on their long, green leaves, with
-avidity, and wade in after them as far as they dare safely
-venture. They grow up so close together, that except at
-or near high water, a boat can with difficulty make its
-way through among them. The seeds are produced at the
-top of the plant, the blossoms, or male parts, occupying
-the lower branches of the <a id='pan'></a>panicle, and the seeds the
-higher. The seeds are nearly as long as a common-sized
-pin, somewhat more slender, white, sweet to the taste,
-and very nutritive, as appears by their effects on the
-various birds that feed on them at this season. When the
-reeds are in this state, and even while in blossom, the
-Rail are found to have taken possession of them in great
-numbers. These are generally numerous, in proportion to
-the full and promising crop of the former. As you walk
-along the embankment of the river, at this season, you
-hear them squeaking in every direction, like young puppies.
-If a stone be thrown among the reeds, there is a general
-outcry, and a reiterated <span class='it'>kuk, kuk, kuk</span>—something like
-that of a Guinea-fowl. Any sudden noise, or discharge
-of a gun, produces the same effect. In the meantime, none
-are to be seen, unless it be at or near high water—for
-when the tide is low, they universally secrete themselves
-among the insterstices of the reeds; and you may walk
-past, and even over them, where there are hundreds,
-without seeing a single individual. On their first arrival,
-they are generally lean and unfit for the table, but as the
-seeds ripen, they rapidly fatten, and from the 20th September
-to the middle of October, are excellent, and eagerly
-sought after. The usual method of shooting them in this
-quarter of the country is as follows.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“The sportsman furnishes himself with a light batteau,
-and a stout, experienced boatman, with a pole of twelve
-or fifteen feet long, thickened at the lower end, to prevent
-it from sinking too deep in the mud. About two hours or
-so before high water, they enter the reeds, and each takes
-his post—the sportsman standing in the bow, ready for
-action, the boatman on the stern-seat, pushing her steadily
-through the reeds. The Rail generally spring singly as
-the boat advances, and at a short distance a-head, are
-instantly shot down, while the boatman, keeping his eye
-on the spot where the bird fell, directs the boat forward,
-and picks the bird up, while the gunner is loading. It is
-also the boatman’s business to keep a sharp look out, and
-give the word ‘Mark,’ when a Rail springs on either side,
-without being observed by the sportsman, and to note the
-exact spot where it falls, until he has picked it up; for
-this once lost sight of, owing to the sameness in the appearance
-of the reeds, is seldom found again. In this
-manner the boat moves steadily through and over the
-reeds, the birds flushing and falling, the gunner loading
-and firing, while the boatman is pushing and picking up.
-The sport continues an hour or two after high water,
-when the shallowness of the water, and the strength and
-weight of the floating reeds, as also the backwarkness of
-the game to spring, as the tide decreases, oblige them to
-return. Several boats are sometimes within a short distance
-of each other, and a perpetual cracking of musketry
-prevails above the whole reedy shores of the river. In
-these excursions, it is not uncommon for an active and expert
-marksman to kill ten or twelve dozen in a tide. They
-are usually shot singly, though I have known five killed
-at one discharge of a double-barrelled piece. These instances,
-however, are rare. The flight of these birds
-among the reeds, is usually low, and shelter being abundant,
-is rarely extended to more than fifty or one hundred
-yards. When winged, and uninjured in their legs, they
-swim and dive with great rapidity, and are seldom seen
-to rise again. I have several times, on such occasions,
-discovered them clinging with their feet to the reeds
-under the water, and at other times skulking under the
-reeds, with their bills just above the surface; sometimes,
-when wounded, they dive, and rising under the gunwale
-of the boat, secrete themselves there, moving round as the
-boat moves, until they have an opportunity of escaping
-unnoticed. They are feeble and delicate in every thing
-except the legs, which seem to possess great vigor and
-energy; and their bodies being so remarkably thin, and
-compressed so as to be less than an inch and a quarter
-through transversely, they are enabled to pass between
-the reeds like rats. When seen, they are almost constantly
-jetting up the tail, yet though their flight among the reeds
-seems feeble and fluttering, every sportsman who is acquainted
-with them here, must have seen them occasionally
-rising to a considerable height, stretching out their
-legs behind them, and flying rapidly across the river,
-where it is more than a mile in width. Such is the
-mode of Rail shooting in the neighborhood of Philadelphia.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“In Virginia, particularly along the shores of James
-River, within the tide-water, where the Rail, or Sora, are
-found in prodigious numbers, they are also shot on the
-wing, but more usually taken at night in the following
-manner:—</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“A kind of iron grate is fixed on the top of a stout pole,
-which is placed like a mast in a light canoe, and filled
-with fire. The darker the night, the more successful is
-the sport. The person who manages the canoe, is provided
-with a light paddle, ten or twelve feet in length;
-and about an hour before high water, proceeds through
-among the reeds, which lie broken and floating on the
-surface. The whole space, for a considerable way
-round the canoe, is completely enlightened—the birds
-start with astonishment, and, as they appear, are knocked
-over the head with a paddle, and thrown into the canoe.
-In this manner, from twenty to eighty dozen have
-been killed by three negroes in the short space of three
-hours.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“At the same season, or a little earlier, they are very
-numerous in the lagoons near Detroit, on our northern
-frontier, where another species of reed, of which they are
-equally fond, grows in shallows, in great abundance.
-Gentlemen who have shot them there, and on whose judgment
-I can rely, assure me that they differ in nothing from
-those they have usually killed on the shores of the Delaware
-and Schuylkill; they are equally fat, and exquisite
-eating.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>To this I shall only add, that a very light charge of
-powder and three-quarters of an oz. of No. 9 shot will be
-found quite sufficient to kill this slow flying bird. I have
-found it an excellent plan to have a square wooden box,
-with two compartments, one holding ten lbs. of shot, with
-a small tin scoop, containing your charge, and the other
-containing a <span class='it'>quantum suff.</span> of wadding, placed on the
-thwarts of the boat, before you, and to lay your powder
-flask beside it, by doing which you will save much time
-in loading; a great desideratum where birds rise in such
-quick succession as these will do at times, a couple of
-hundred being some times killed by one gun in a single
-tide.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A landing net on a long light pole will be found
-very convenient for recovering dead birds. No rules are
-needed for killing rail, as they lie so close and fly so
-slowly that a mere bungler can scarce miss them, unless
-he either gets flurried or tumbles overboard. When dead
-he is to be roasted, underdone, like the snipe, served on a
-slice of crisp buttered toast, with no condiment save a
-little salt and his own gravy. If you are wise, gentle
-reader, you will lay his ghost to rest with red wine—Burgundy
-if you can get it, if not, with claret. For supper
-he is undeniable, and I confess that, for my own part, I
-more appreciate the pleasure of eating, than the sport of
-slaying him; and so peace to him for the present, of
-which he surely will enjoy but little after the twentieth
-of September, until the early frosts shall drive him to his
-asylums, in the far southern wilds and waters.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk128'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='193' id='Page_193'></span><h1><a id='fine'></a>THE FINE ARTS.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='sc'>Twenty-Seventh Annual Exhibition of the Pennsylvania
-Academy of the Fine Arts.</span>—Viewed in all
-its bearings and relations, we believe this to have been
-the most important exhibition of this excellent institution.
-Not that we think the present by any means the best collection
-of paintings we remember to have seen in these
-same rooms. We believe it is generally known that for
-some time past a considerable business has been done in
-the way of importing paintings, statues, etc., for purposes
-of speculation. Through the exertions of the individuals
-engaged in this traffic, scores of foreign pictures have
-been scattered over the country. With this business it is
-not our purpose to meddle. Undoubtedly these gentlemen
-possess the right to invest their money in whatever will
-yield the largest per centage, and we are glad to perceive
-that a fondness for art exists to such an extent as tempts
-shrewd speculators and financiers to enter into operations
-of this description. But, keeping in view the state of
-affairs induced by the exertions of these gentlemen, no
-surprise will exist in the mind of any one at the unparalleled
-interest created in the public mind by the announcement
-that the Directors of the Pennsylvania Academy of
-Fine Arts, impelled by a laudable desire to patronize art
-and artists, had offered certain “prizes or sums of money,”
-to be competed for by artists all over the world.
-The mere announcement put public curiosity on the <span class='it'>qui
-vive</span>. Expectation was on tip-toe. At length, after protracted
-delay, on the 16th of May last, the Academy was
-thrown open to the public.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The two galleries—the south-east and the north-east—those
-usually appropriated to the new works, contained
-one hundred and eighty pictures, which, with some half
-dozen scattered through the old collection, made about
-one hundred and ninety new pictures, by modern artists.
-Of this number some seventy or eighty were foreign—the
-majority of these German. How many were submitted
-for the “prizes or sums of money” we are not informed.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>328 of the catalogue—Death of Abel, etc., by <span class='sc'>Edward
-du Jardin</span>, is probably, so far as subject is involved, the
-most important work in the collection. As a whole, we
-look on these pictures as a failure, as a <span class='it'>dead failure</span>.
-Parts of the works are well drawn, and carefully, even
-laboriously studied, but what could be more absurd than
-the habiliments, attitude and expression of the angel in
-the first of the three? The Adam in the centre is a regular
-<span class='it'>property</span> figure—one of those <span class='it'>stock</span> studies which embellish
-the portfolio of every young artist who has ever been
-to Europe. The attitude and expression are such as can
-be purchased by the franc’s worth from any one of the
-scores of models to be found in almost every city in Europe.
-The Eve possesses more of the character of a repentant
-Magdalene than the “mother of mankind.” The
-third picture is to our mind the best; but, taken all together,
-the works are barely passable—not by any means
-what we should have expected from a professor of painting
-in one of the first schools in Europe. Religious art
-requires abilities and perceptions of the first order—feelings
-different from any manifested in this production.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Of a different order is 56—Rouget de Lisle, a French
-officer, singing for the first time the Marsellaise Hymn,
-(of which he was the author,) at the house of the Mayor
-of Strasburg, 1792—Painted by <span class='sc'>Godfroi Guffens</span>. Every
-thing here is fire and enthusiasm—the enthusiasm that
-ought to pervade <span class='it'>every work of art</span>—which makes the intelligent
-spectator <span class='it'>feel</span> as the artist felt in its production.
-We have heard various and conflicting remarks made
-upon this work, and the general feeling among competent
-judges is that it is the best of the foreign works. In our
-opinion it is, perhaps, <span class='it'>the best</span> modern picture in the collection.
-The grouping, actions, and expressions of the
-figures are in admirable keeping with the subject, and the
-color is rich, agreeable, and subdued.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='it'>Murray’s Defense of Toleration.</span>—<span class='sc'>P. F. Rothermel.</span>
-If to the exquisite qualities of color, composition, etc.,
-Mr. Rothermel would add (we know he can) <span class='it'>expression</span>,
-he would unquestionably be <span class='it'>the</span> historical painter of America.
-In a refined, intellectual perception of the general
-character of his subject, Mr. R. is unsurpassed, perhaps
-unapproached by any painter in the country. His pictures
-give evidence of the greatest care and study—no part <a id='part'></a>is
-slighted—nothing done with the “that will do” feeling,
-which dreads labor. The picture under consideration
-embraces a great number of figures—in fact the <a id='canv'></a>canvas is
-literally covered, but not crowded, every inch giving evidence
-of intelligence and design. Concerning the work,
-we have heard, from the public press as well as from individuals,
-but one expression, that of the strongest commendation—in
-which we heartily concur.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>150, from the Midsummer Night’s Dream, Act IV.,
-Scene 1st., also by Mr. <span class='sc'>Rothermel</span>, is conceived in the
-true feeling of the great poet. The figures of Bottom, and
-Titania and the other fairies, are fine conceptions. Some
-comparatively unimportant defects in drawing might be
-remedied, without injuring the general effect.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Mr. <span class='sc'>Winner</span> contributes a large work—Peter Healing
-the Lame Man at the Beautiful Gate of the Temple. This
-picture possesses great merit, and evinces a most commendable
-ambition. The grouping is well managed—the
-expressions of Peter and John are good—the cripple capital.
-A stumpy shortness of the figures mars the general
-character of this otherwise beautiful production. Mr.
-Winner paints drapery well, and perhaps unconsciously
-loads his figures with it. This defect is conspicuous in
-his grand work of “Christ raising the Daughter of Jairus,”
-now in our Art Union Gallery. The heads and extremities
-of Mr. Winner’s pictures are perfect studies of
-color and modeling, and evince a masterly knowledge of
-anatomy. We should be rejoiced to see the efforts of our
-artists liberally sustained, as they ought to be, in the
-higher departments of art.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>41, The Happy Moment—105, The Recovery—<span class='sc'>Carl
-Hubner</span>. These, no doubt, are <span class='it'>popular</span> works—as works
-of certain classes always will be. We have heard much
-said in praise of them. They are beautifully, exquisitely
-painted—especially the “Happy Moment,” in which the
-color and execution are admirable. But in <span class='it'>sentiment</span>,
-or any of the <span class='it'>ideal</span> qualities of such subjects, they are
-lamentably deficient. Like nearly all the German painters,
-Carl Hubner possesses much greater <span class='it'>executive</span> than <span class='it'>imaginative</span>
-powers—he is more of a <span class='it'>mechanic</span> than an <span class='it'>artist</span>.
-He gratifies the <span class='it'>eye</span> at the expense of the <span class='it'>mind</span>. Surely
-rustic love is suggestive of something more than any
-thing hinted at in the “Happy Moment.” “The Recovery”
-is composed of the usual conventional material
-of such subjects—a simpering physician, with a nice diamond
-ring on his finger, friends, with the old, upturned
-eyes and clasped hands, are mechanically put together—all
-standing or sitting evidently on purpose to be painted.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In landscape, the best works in the collection are Nos.
-35 and 136, by <span class='sc'>Diday</span>, a Geneva artist—a Moonlight, No.
-46, <span class='sc'>B. Stange</span>, and No. 78, a Roman Aqueduct at Alcala,
-with caravans of muleteers, <span class='sc'>F. Bossuet</span>. The two first
-are grand and imposing representations of scenery in the
-High Alps—in color they are deep and rich in tone. The
-Moonlight, by Stange, is the best we have ever seen.
-The tremulous luminousness of the moonshine is rendered
-with matchless truth. The Roman Aqueduct, by Bossuet,
-is, beyond question, the finest landscape in the collection.
-Sunlight, local color, and texture were never painted
-with greater truth than in this splendid production. Light
-and heat pervade every nook and corner of the picture,
-from the dry, dusty foreground, off to the distant mountains
-which close the scene. The work furnishes a grand
-example of artistic execution and detail. No 52—Lake
-George—<span class='sc'>Russel Smith</span>—is a beautiful piece of open daylight
-effect, possessing great truth. A Scene on the North
-River—<span class='sc'>Paul Weber</span>—possesses much merit. The color
-is fresh and natural, and the sky is the best we have seen
-by this artist.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the Marine department we have works from <span class='sc'>Schotel</span>,
-<span class='sc'>De Groot</span>, <span class='sc'>Pleysier</span>, <span class='sc'>Mozin</span>, and other foreign
-artists, and from <span class='sc'>Birch</span>, <span class='sc'>Bonfield</span>, and <span class='sc'>Hamilton</span>, American.
-Hamilton stands preeminent in this department—his
-“Thunder Storm,” and a poetic subject from Rogers’
-Columbus, are the best marines in the Academy. All his
-works in the present exhibition have been so minutely described
-in the daily and weekly papers, and so universally
-commended, that we deem it unnecessary to do more than
-add our unqualified acquiescence in the favorable judgment
-thus far expressed concerning them. Not one of our
-artists is attracting so much attention at the present moment
-as Mr. Hamilton. We have no doubt he is fully
-able to sustain the high expectations created by his works
-within the last two years. Birch and Bonfield, each, maintain
-their well-earned and well-deserved reputations. Of
-the foreign marines, those of Pleysier and De Groot are
-the best—but there is nothing remarkable in either.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>A Still Life piece by <span class='sc'>Gronland</span>, a French artist, is a
-splendid example of its class—as is, also, one of a similar
-character by <span class='sc'>J. B. Ord</span>, the best painter of such subjects
-in the United States.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Want of space prevents our entering into the discussion
-of the comparative merits of native and foreign works.
-We feel no hesitation, however, in saying that our artists,
-as a body, have every reason to congratulate themselves
-upon the probable results of the present exhibition.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk129'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='sc'>The Madonna del Velo.</span>—Among the many works of
-art, which the unsettled state of the Continent has brought
-into the London market, are a collection formerly the property
-of the Bracca family of Milan. The gem of the
-gallery is a remarkably fine and beautifully finished Madonna
-del Velo by Raffaelle. This attractive picture derives
-its title from the Virgin being represented as lifting
-a transparent veil from the face of the sleeping Jesus.
-She is gazing on the infant with all the devoted love of a
-mother, and with all a Madonna’s reverence beaming from
-her eyes and depicted in her countenance and her posture;
-while the young St. John is standing by, an attentive and
-interested spectator of the proceeding. The colors are
-very beautiful, and are blended with the highest taste and
-judgment. The details of the painting bear the closest
-examination, and every new inspection brings to view
-some unobserved charm, some previously undetected
-beauty. The figures are worthy in all respects of the
-highest praise, and the landscape forms a delightful and
-effective back-ground. To mention one little example of
-the singular skill and finish displayed in this beautiful
-work, the veil which the Virgin is represented as lifting
-from the sleeping infant’s face, is marvelously painted.
-It is perfectly transparent, and seems so singularly fine,
-filmy and light, that it has all the appearance of what a
-silken cobweb might be imagined to be. It is a remarkable
-specimen of the skill of the great artist even in the
-most difficult and delicate matters. Indeed, the whole
-painting is a “gem of purest ray.”</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk130'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“<span class='sc'>La Tempesta</span>”—a new opera, the joint composition
-of Halevy and Scribe, has been produced in London, with
-Sontag as Miranda, Lablache as Caliban, Coletti as Prospero,
-and Carlotta Grisi as Ariel. Whether its original
-source, the renown of the author of the libretto, the reputation
-of the composer, or the combination of artistic
-talent engaged, be considered, the opera is a work of unprecedented
-magnitude, and naturally excited unusual interest
-on the part of all lovers of art. Monsieur Scribe
-has made legitimate use of Shakspeare’s “Tempest” in
-its transmutation into a libretto—supernatural agency and
-music are employed, even Caliban sings, and Ariel, besides
-being an essentially musical part, heads a band of
-sprites and elves “who trip on their toes, with mops and
-mows.” But it was necessary, for lyrical purposes, that
-a greater intensity of human interest should be added.
-M. Scribe has found means of drawing these new points
-from Shakspeare’s own text. He says in a letter to the
-lessee of Her Majesty’s Theatre, “I have done the utmost
-to respect the inspirations of your immortal author. All
-the musical situations I have created are but suggestions
-taken from Shakspeare’s ideas; and as all the honor must
-accrue to him, I may be allowed to state that there are
-but few subjects so well adapted for musical <a id='inte'></a>interpretation.”
-We hope before long to have this last work from
-Halevy transferred to the boards of the American Opera.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk131'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='sc'>A Drama Thirty Centuries Old Revived.</span>—A recent
-great theatrical wonder of the hour in Paris, has
-been the revival of a piece from the Hindoo theatre,
-“which was performed for the first time” some three
-thousand years ago, in a city which no longer has an existence
-on the earth, and written by the sovereign of a
-country whose very name has become a matter of dispute.
-The piece was translated from the original Sanscrit by
-Gerald de Nerval, and met unbounded success. All Paris
-has been aroused by this curious contemplation of the
-ideas and motives of these remote ages, and a whimsical
-kind of delight is experienced at finding the human nature
-of Hindostan of so many centuries ago, and the human
-nature of modern Paris, so exactly alike in their puerility
-and violence, their audacity and absurdity, that the play
-may verily be called a <span class='it'>pièce de circonstance</span>. King Sondraka,
-the author, seems to have anticipated the existence
-of such men as Louis Blanc and Proudhon, of Louis Bonaparte
-and Carlier; so true it is, that there is nothing
-new under the sun, and that not an idea floats on the tide
-of human intelligence but what has been borne thither by
-the waters of oblivion, where it had been already flung.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk132'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='sc'>Statue of Calhoun.</span>—The marble statue of the late
-John C. Calhoun, executed by Hiram Powers, at Leghorn,
-for the State of South Carolina, was lost on the coast
-of Long Island, in July, by the wreck of the brig Elizabeth.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk133'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='sc'>Horace Vernet</span>, the great historical printer, has been
-to St. Petersburg, having been requested by the Emperor
-of Russia to furnish several battle pieces illustrative of
-the principal scenes in the Hungarian campaign.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk134'/>
-
-<div class='figcenter'>
-<a href='images/i136f.jpg'><img src='images/i136.jpg' alt='' id='iid-0003' style='width:550px;height:auto;'/></a>
-<p class='caption'><span style='font-size:smaller'>Drawn by Ch. Bodmer</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span style='font-size:smaller'>Eng<sup>d</sup> by Rawdon, Wright &amp; Hatch</span><br/> <br/><span style='font-size:larger'><span class='it'><span class='bold'>Dance of the Mandan Indians.</span></span></span></p>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='tbk135'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='195' id='Page_195'></span><h1><a id='mand'></a>MANDAN INDIANS.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-weight:bold;'>[WITH AN ENGRAVING.]</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>“The Mandans are a vigorous, well-made race
-of people, rather above the middling stature, and
-very few of the men could be called short. The
-tallest man now living was Mahchsi-Karehde, (the
-flying war eagle,) who was five feet ten inches two
-lines, Paris measure, (above six feet English.) In
-general, however, they are not so tall as the Manitaries.
-Many of them are robust, broad-shouldered
-and muscular, while others are slender and small
-limbed. Their physiognomy is, in general, the same
-as that of most of the Missouri Indians, but their
-noses are not so long and arched as those of the
-Sioux, nor have they such high cheek-bones. The
-nose of the Mandans and Manitaries is not broad—sometimes
-aquiline, or slightly curved, and often
-quite straight. Their eyes are, in general, long and
-narrow, of a dark brown color; the inner angle is
-often rather lower in childhood, but it is rarely so in
-maturer age. The mouth is broad, large, rather
-prominent, and the lower jaw broad and angular.
-No great difference occurs in the form of the skull;
-in general I did not find the facile angle smaller than
-in Europeans, yet there are some exceptions. Their
-hair is long, thick, lank, and black, but seldom as
-jet and glossy as that of the Brazilians; that of children
-is often only dark brown, especially at the tips;
-and Bradbury speaks of brown hair among the Mandans.
-There are whole families among them, as
-well as among the Blackfeet, whose hair is gray, or
-black mixed with white, so that the whole head appears
-gray. The families of Sih-Chida and Mato-Chiha
-are instances of this peculiarity. The latter
-chief was particularly remarkable in this respect;
-his hair grew in distinct locks of brown, black, silver
-gray, but mostly white, and his eyebrows perfectly
-white, which had a strange effect in a tall, otherwise
-handsome man, between twenty and thirty
-years of age. They encourage the growth of their
-hair, and often lengthen it by artificial means. Their
-teeth, like those of all the Missouri Indians, are particularly
-fine, strong, firm, even, and as white as
-ivory. It is very seldom that you see a defect or a
-tooth wanting even in old people, though, in the
-latter, they are often worn very short, which is
-chiefly to be attributed to their chewing hard, dry
-meat. The women are pretty robust, and sometimes
-tall, but, for the most part, they are short and
-broad-shouldered. There are but few who can be
-called handsome as Indians, but there are many
-tolerable and some pretty faces among them.”</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The engraving shows them in one of their celebrated
-dances, and is beautifully done by the artists.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk136'/>
-
-<div><h1><a id='moon'></a>THE BRIGHT NEW MOON OF LOVE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>———</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;font-size:0.8em;font-weight:bold;'>BY T. <a id='holl'></a>HOLLEY CHIVERS, M. D.</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1.5em;'>———</p>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>At the dawn she stood debating</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;With the angels at the door</p>
-<p class='line'>Of Christ’s sepulchre, in waiting</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;For his body evermore.</p>
-<p class='line'>Pure as white-robed Faith to Sorrow,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Pointing back to Heaven above—</p>
-<p class='line'>(Happy Day for every Morrow)—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Was the Bright New Moon of Love.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Nun-like, chaste in her devotion,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;All the stars in heaven on high,</p>
-<p class='line'>With their radiant, rhythmic motion,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Chimed in with her from the sky.</p>
-<p class='line'>Sweeter far than day when breaking,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Angel-like, in heaven above,</p>
-<p class='line'>On the traveler lost, when waking,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Was the Bright New Moon of Love.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus she glorified all sweetness</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;With the angel-light she shed</p>
-<p class='line'>From her soul in such completeness,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;That she beautified the dead.</p>
-<p class='line'>When an angel, sent on duty</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;From his Father’s throne above,</p>
-<p class='line'>Saw the heaven-surpassing beauty</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Of this Bright New Moon of Love.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>For the Truth she loved was Beauty,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Because Beauty was her Truth;</p>
-<p class='line'>And to love her was his duty,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Such as Boas owed to Ruth.</p>
-<p class='line'>God had set his seal upon her,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Her divinity to prove,</p>
-<p class='line'>And this angel wooed her—won her—</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Won the Bright New Moon of Love.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Thus the Mission of True Woman</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;She did act out in this life—</p>
-<p class='line'>Showed the Divine in the Human,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;In her duties of the Wife.</p>
-<p class='line'>For the Heaven that he had taken</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Was so much like that above,</p>
-<p class='line'>That the heaven he had forsaken</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Was the Bright New Moon of Love.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>For the kingdom of Christ’s glory,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Angel-chanted at her birth,</p>
-<p class='line'>Is the theme now of the story</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Which I warble through the earth.</p>
-<p class='line'>And because this fallen angel</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Took her home to heaven above,</p>
-<p class='line'>I now write this <span class='sc'>New Evangel</span></p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Of the Bright New Moon of Love.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk137'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='196' id='Page_196'></span><h1><a id='barca'></a>BARCAROLE.</h1></div>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:0.9em;font-weight:bold;'>WRITTEN AND COMPOSED FOR</p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:1.2em;font-weight:bold;'><span class='gesp'>GRAHAM’S MAGAZINE.</span></p>
-
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;margin-bottom:1em;font-size:1em;font-weight:bold;'>BY R. J. DE CORDOVA.</p>
-
-<div class='figcenter'>
-<a href='images/music1f.jpg'><img src='images/music1.jpg' alt='' id='iid-0004' style='width:450px;height:auto;'/></a>
-</div>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>Come Love with me, the moonlit sea</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Invites our <a id='barq3'></a>barque to wander o’er</p>
-<p class='line'>Its glassy face where e’en a trace</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Of angry</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<div class='figcenter'>
-<a href='images/music2f.jpg'><img src='images/music2.jpg' alt='' id='iid-0005' style='width:450px;height:auto;'/></a>
-</div>
-
-<div class='literal-container' style=''><div class='literal'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>wave is seen no more.</p>
-<p class='line'>Let Love repeat in accents sweet,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The joys which only Love can tell</p>
-<p class='line'>And Passion’s strain sing o’er again,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;In those fond tones I love so well.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>SECOND VERSE.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Put fear away, and in the lay</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Of love be all but love forgot;</p>
-<p class='line'>Renounce the care of worldly glare.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Oh heed its glittering falseness not,</p>
-<p class='line'>But come with me, with spirit free,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;United, never more to part,</p>
-<p class='line'>We’ll seize the time of youth’s gay prime.</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;The summer of the heart.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line' style='text-align:center;'>THIRD VERSE.</p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>Then dearest rise, and let thine eyes,</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Where shine Love’s softest mightiest spells.</p>
-<p class='line'>Reveal the bright refulgent light</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Which in their lustrous beauty dwells.</p>
-<p class='line'>Let blissful song our joy prolong</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;While gliding o’er the sparkling wave,</p>
-<p class='line'>And be the theme affection’s dream</p>
-<p class='line'>&ensp;&ensp;Which ends but in the grave.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk138'/>
-
-<div><span class='pageno' title='198' id='Page_198'></span><h1><a id='rev'></a>REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS.</h1></div>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>In Memoriam. Boston: Ticknor, Reed &amp; Fields. 1 vol.
-16mo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The author of this exquisite volume, the finest ever laid
-on the altar of friendship, is Alfred Tennyson, the most
-subtle and imaginative of living poets. It derives its
-title from the circumstance of being written in memory of
-Arthur Hallam, son of the historian of the Middle Ages,
-friend of the poet, and lover of his sister. In a hundred
-and eight short poems, all in one peculiar measure, Tennyson
-expresses not merely his grief for the loss of his
-friend, but touches on all those topics of sorrow and consolation
-kindred to the subject, or which the character of
-young Hallam suggests. It may be said by some that the
-object of the volume is unnatural and unmanly; that grief
-does not express itself in verses but in tears; that sorrow
-vents itself in simple words not in poetic conceits; and
-that the surest sign of the deficiency of feeling is a volume
-devoted to its celebration. But if we study the structure
-of Tennyson’s mind, we shall find that, however much
-these objections will apply to many mourners, they are
-inapplicable to him. The great peculiarity of his genius
-is intellectual intensity. All his feelings and impressions
-pass through his intellect, and are steadily scanned and
-reflected upon. In none of his poems do we find any outburst
-of feeling, scorning all mental control, or rapidly
-forcing the intellect into its service of rage or love. He
-has never written any thing in which emotion is not indissolubly
-blended with thought. There can be no doubt
-that he loved the person whom he here celebrates, but he
-loved him in his own deep and silent manner; his loss
-preyed upon his mind as well as heart, and stung thought
-and imagination into subtle activity. The volume is full of
-beauty, but of beauty in mourning weeds—of philosophy,
-but of philosophy penetrated with sadness. To a common
-mind, the loss of such a friend would have provoked
-a grief, at first uncontrollable, but which years would
-altogether dispel; to a mind like Tennyson’s years will
-but add to its sense of loss, however much imagination
-may consecrate and soften it.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This volume, accordingly, contains some of the finest
-specimens of intellectual pathos, of the mind in mourning,
-we have ever seen, and, in English literature, it has no
-parallel. The author is aware, as well as his critics, of
-the impossibility of fully conveying his grief in verses,
-and has anticipated their objection in a short poem of
-uncommon suggestiveness:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>I sometimes hold it half a sin</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;To put in words the grief I feel,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;For words, like nature, half reveal</p>
-<p class='line0'>And half conceal the soul within.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>But for the unquiet heart and brain</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;A use in measured language lies;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The sad mechanic exercise,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Like dull narcotics, numbing pain.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>In words, like weeds, I’ll wrap me o’er,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Like coarsest clothes against the cold;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;But that large grief which these unfold,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Is given in outline and no more.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The following poem touches on the mind and character
-of young Hallam; and, if a true picture, the world, as
-well as the poet, has reason for regret at his early death:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Heart-affluence in discursive talk</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;From household fountains never dry;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The critic clearness of an eye,</p>
-<p class='line0'>That saw through all the Muses’ walk;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Seraphic intellect and force</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;To seize and throw the doubts of man;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Impassioned logic, which outran</p>
-<p class='line0'>The hearer in its fiery course;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>High nature amorous of the good,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;But touched with no ascetic gloom;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And passion pure in snowy bloom</p>
-<p class='line0'>Through all the years of April blood;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>A love of freedom rarely felt,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Of freedom in her regal seat</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Of England, not the school-boy heat,</p>
-<p class='line0'>The blind hysterics of the Celt;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>And manhood fused with female grace</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;In such a sort, the child would twine</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;A trustful hand, unasked, in thine,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And find his comfort in thy face;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>All these have been, and thee mine eyes</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Have looked on: if they looked in vain</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;My shame is greater who remain,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Nor let thy wisdom make me wise.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>In the poem which we now extract, we think our
-readers will recognize the force which pathos receives by
-its connection with intense and excursive thought:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>One writes, that “Other friends remain,”</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;That “Loss is common to the race,”—</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And common is the commonplace,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And vacant chaff well meant for grain.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>That loss is common would not make</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;My own less bitter, rather more:</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Too common! Never morning wore</p>
-<p class='line0'>To evening, but some heart did break.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>O father, wheresoe’er thou be,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;That pledgest now thy gallant son;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;A shot, ere half thy draught be done,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Hath stilled the life that beat from thee.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>O mother, praying God will save</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Thy sailor, while thy head is bowed,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;His heavy-shotted hammock-shroud</p>
-<p class='line0'>Drops in his vast and wandering grave.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ye know no more than I who wrought</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;At that last hour to please him well;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Who mused on all I had to tell,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And something written, something thought.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Expecting still his advent home;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And ever met him on his way</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;With wishes, thinking, here to-day,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Or here to-morrow will he come.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>O, somewhere, meek, unconscious dove,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;That sittest ’ranging golden hair;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And glad to find thyself so fair,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Poor child, that waitest for thy love!</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>For now her father’s chimney glows</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;In expectation of a guest;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And thinking “this will please him best,”</p>
-<p class='line0'>She takes a ribbon or a rose;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>For he will see them on to-night;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And with the thought her color burns;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And, having left the glass, she turns</p>
-<p class='line0'>Once more to set a ringlet right;</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>And, even when she turned, the curse</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Had fallen, and her future lord</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Was drowned in passing through the ford</p>
-<p class='line0'>Or killed in falling from his horse.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>O, what to her shall be the end?</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And what to me remains of good?</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;To her, perpetual maidenhood,</p>
-<p class='line0'>And unto me, no second friend.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The ringing of the Christmas bells prompts a grand
-poem, in which the poet rises out of his dirges into a rapturous
-prophecy of the “good time coming.” It is altogether
-the best of many good lyrics on the same general
-theme:</p>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring out wild bells to the wild sky,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The flying cloud, the frosty light:</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The year is dying in the night;</p>
-<p class='line0'>Ring out, wild bells, and let him die.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring out the old, ring in the new,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring, happy bells, across the snow:</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The year is going, let him go;</p>
-<p class='line0'>Ring out the false, ring in the true.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring out the grief that saps the mind,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;For those that here we see no more;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring out the feud of rich and poor,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Ring in redress to all mankind.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring out a slowly dying cause,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;And ancient forms of party strife;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring in the nobler modes of life,</p>
-<p class='line0'>With sweeter manners, purer laws.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring out the want, the care, the sin,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The faithless coldness of the times;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring out, ring out my mournful rhymes,</p>
-<p class='line0'>But ring the fuller minstrel in.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring out false pride in place and blood,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The civic slander and the spite;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring in the love of truth and right,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Ring in the common love of good.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring out old shapes of foul disease,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring out the narrowing lust of gold;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring out the thousand wars of old,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Ring in the thousand years of peace.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='blockquote0r9'>
-
-<div class='poetry-container' style=''><div class='lgp'> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line0'>Ring in the valiant man and free,</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;The larger heart, the kindlier hand;</p>
-<p class='line0'>&ensp;&ensp;Ring out the darkness of the land,</p>
-<p class='line0'>Ring in the Christ that is to be.</p>
-</div></div> <!-- end poetry block --><!-- end rend -->
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>After these extracts we hardly need to commend the
-volume to our readers as worthy of the genius of Tennyson.
-It will not only give sober delight on its first
-perusal, but it contains treasures of thought and fancy
-which a frequent recurrence to its pages will alone reveal.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk139'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>Chronicles and Characters of the Stock Exchange. By
-John Francis. Boston: Crosby &amp; Nichols. 1 vol. 8vo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This volume, invaluable to merchants and brokers,
-should be in the hands of all who have reason to be interested
-in the secrets of stock-jobbing, or who have a
-natural curiosity to understand the philosophy of the
-whole system as now practiced in all civilized countries.
-It gives a complete history of the National Debt of England,
-from the reign of William the Third to the present
-day, with sketches of the most eminent financiers of the
-Stock Exchange, and large details of the political corruption
-attending the making of loans. To these are added
-stock tables from 1732 to 1846; dividends of the Bank of
-England stock from 1694 to 1847; and descriptions of the
-various panics in the English money market, with their
-causes and effects. The sketch of Rothschild is a gem of
-biography, and while his avarice and cunning are deservedly
-condemned, more than usual justice is done to
-the remarkable blending of amplitude with acuteness in
-his powerful understanding. It is said that on one loan he
-made £150,000. Though profane, knavish and ferocious,
-with bad manners, and a face and person which defied the
-ability of caricature to misrepresent, his all-powerful
-wealth and talents made him courted and caressed, not
-only by statesmen and monarchs, but by clergymen and
-fastidious aristocrats. It was his delight to outwit others,
-but he himself was very rarely outwitted; and the few
-cases given by Mr. Francis, of his being overreached by
-the cunning of other brokers, are probably the only ones
-that the London Stock Exchange can furnish. Though he
-lived in the most splendid style, gave expensive entertainments,
-and occasionally subscribed to ostentatious
-charities, he was essentially a miser; and his mind never
-was so busy in calculations, in which millions of pounds
-were concerned, as to lose the power of estimating within
-a sixpence, the salary which would enable a clerk to exist.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Some curious anecdotes are given in this volume of the
-corruption of members of Parliament. It is well known
-that during the reigns of William the Third, Anne,
-George I. and George II., and a portion of the reign of
-George III., a seat in the House of Commons was considered,
-by many members, as a palpable property, from
-which a regular income was to be derived by selling
-votes to the ministry in power. Sir Robert Walpole and
-the Duke of Newcastle, were the greatest jobbers in this
-political corruption; but Lord Bute, who entered office
-on the principle of dispensing with the purchase of Parliamentary
-support, carried the practice on one occasion
-to an extent never dreamed of by his predecessors. He
-discovered that the peace of 1763 could not be carried
-through the House without a large bribe. Mr. Francis
-quotes from Bute’s private secretary, a statement of the
-sum distributed among one hundred and twenty members.
-“I was myself,” says Mr. Ross Mackay, the secretary in
-question, “the channel through which the money passed.
-With my own hand I secured above one hundred and
-twenty votes. Eighty thousand pounds were set apart
-for the purpose. Forty members of the House of Commons
-received from me a thousand pounds each. To
-eighty others I paid five hundred pounds a piece.” This
-system has been varied of late years. The mode of purchase
-at present is by patronage. Offices and pensions
-are now the price of votes.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It would be impossible in a short notice to convey an
-idea of the variety of curious information which this book
-contains. To people who have money to lose, it is a regular
-treatise on the art of preserving wealth. Every
-private gentleman, smitten with a desire to speculate in
-stocks, should carefully study this volume before he makes
-the fatal investments.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk140'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>Evangeline; A Tale of Acadia. By Henry Wadsworth
-Longfellow. Illustrated by forty-five engravings on
-Wood, from designs by Jane E. Benham, Birket Foster,
-and John Gilbert. Boston: Ticknor, Reed &amp; Fields.
-1 vol. 8vo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This volume, in paper, binding, and illustrations, is the
-most beautiful and unique we have seen from an American
-press. We hardly know, however, if we are right
-in giving it an American origin, as its illustrations are
-most assuredly English, and its typographical execution
-is exactly similar to the English edition. No better evidence
-is needed of Longfellow’s <a id='pop'></a>popularity abroad than
-the appearance of an edition of one of his poems, embellished
-like the present, with engravings so beautiful in
-themselves, and so true to the spirit of the scenes and
-characters they illustrate. The book is a study to American
-artists, evincing, as it does, the rare perfection to
-which their English brethren have carried the art of wood
-engraving, and the superiority of the style itself to copper-plate
-in many of the essential requisites of pictorial representation.
-The poem thus illustrated, is more beautiful
-than ever, its exquisite mental pictures of life and scenery
-being accurately embodied to the eye. As a gift-book it will
-doubtless be very popular among the best of the approaching
-season, as its mechanical execution is in faultless
-taste, and as the poem itself is an American classic.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk141'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>The Rebels. Boston: Phillips, Sampson &amp; Co. 1 vol. 12mo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Many of our elderly readers will recollect the sensation
-which this admirable novel created on its original appearance.
-It was the first work which gave Mrs. Child, then
-Miss Frances, her reputation as a writer and thinker.
-The scene is laid in Boston, just before the revolution, and
-contains a fine picture both of the characters and events of
-the time. Many scenes are represented with great dramatic
-effect, and there are some passages of soaring eloquence
-which the accomplished authoress has never excelled.
-We cordially hope that the novel is destined for
-a new race of popularity.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk142'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>Heloise, or the Unrevealed Secret. A Tale. By Talvi.
-New York: D. Appleton &amp; Co. 1 vol. 12mo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>We presume that our readers know that “Talvi” is the
-assumed name of Mrs. Robinson. The present novel is a
-story of German and Russian life, written by one to
-whom the subject is familiar, and will well repay perusal.
-We think, however, that the accomplished authoress appears
-to more advantage in works of greater value and
-pretension—such as her late history of the literature of
-the Slavic nations.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk143'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>Life of Jean Paul Frederic Richter. Compiled from
-Various Sources. Together with his Autobiography.
-Translated by Eliza Buckminster Lee. New York: D.
-Appleton &amp; Co. 1 vol. 12mo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This is a second edition of a charming biography, published
-in Boston a number of years ago, and now very
-properly reissued. It not only contains an accurate account
-of the life and works of one of the most remarkable
-and peculiar of German writers, but its pages throng with
-interesting allusions and anecdotes relating to his contemporaries.
-The letters of Jean Paul, especially, are full of
-life and heartiness. In the following passage, referring to
-his first introduction to Goethe, we have a living picture
-painted in few words. “At last the god entered, cold,
-one-syllabled, without accent. ‘The French are drawing
-toward Paris,’ said Krebel. ‘Hem!’ said the god. His
-face is massive and animated, his eye a ball of light. But,
-at last, the conversation led from the campaign to art,
-publications, etc., and Goethe was himself. His conversation
-is not so rich and flowing as Herder’s, but sharp-toned,
-penetrating and calm. At last he read, that is,
-played for us, an unpublished poem, in which his heart
-impelled the flame through the outer crust of ice, so that
-he pressed the hand of the enthusiastic Jean Paul. He did
-it again, when we took leave, and pressed me to call again.
-By Heaven! we will love each other! He considers his
-poetic course as closed. <span class='it'>His reading is like deep-toned
-thunder, blended with soft, whispering rain-drops.</span> There is
-nothing like it.” Goethe’s personal effect on his contemporaries,
-would lead us to suppose that he was, to adopt
-Mirabeau’s system of nicknaming, a kind of Webster-Wordsworth.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk144'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>Railway Economy; a Treatise on the New Art of Transport,
-With an Exposition of the Practical Results of
-the Railways in Operation in the United Kingdom, on
-the Continent, and in America. By Dionysius Lardner,
-D. C. L. New York: Harper &amp; Brothers. 1 vol.
-12mo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This is a very interesting account of the whole system
-of railways, written by a person who understands it in
-its facts and principles. The author has collected a vast
-amount of information, which he conveys in a condensed
-and comprehensible form. The motto of the work is one
-of Bacon’s pregnant sentences: “There be three things
-make a nation great and prosperous: a fertile soil, busy
-workshops, and easy conveyance of men and things from
-one place to another.”</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk145'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>Pictorial Field Book of the Revolution. By Benson J.
-Lossing.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>The Harpers have just commenced the issue of this
-beautiful work, which is to be completed in twenty numbers.
-The mechanical execution is very neat, and the
-wood engravings, from sketches by the author, are admirable.
-Mr. Lossing writes with ardor and elegance,
-his mind filled with his themes, and boiling over at times
-into passages of descriptive eloquence. The book, when
-completed, will contain an account of the localities and
-action of all the battles of the Revolution, illustrated by
-six hundred engravings. The enterprise deserves success.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk146'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>A Discourse on the Baconian Philosophy. By Samuel
-Tyler, of the Maryland Bar. Second Edition Enlarged.
-New York: Baker &amp; Scribner. 1 vol. 12mo.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>This work is very creditable to American literature as
-a careful and learned Discourse on a large subject, demanding
-a knowledge not only of Bacon but of Plato and
-Descartes. Mr. Tyler evinces a thorough comprehension
-of the externals of the subject, and few can read his book
-without an addition to their knowledge; but we think he
-misses Bacon’s method in his application of it to metaphysics
-and theology. The peculiar vitality of Bacon’s
-axioms he often overlooks in his admiration of their formal
-expression, and occasionally astonishes the reader by
-making Bacon commonplace, and then lauding the commonplace
-as the highest wisdom.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk147'/>
-
-<div class='blockquote'>
-
-<p class='hang'><span class='it'>The Unity of the Human Races Proved to be the Doctrine
-of Scripture, Reason, and Science. By the Rev. Thomas
-Smith, D. D. New York: Geo. P. Putnam. 1 vol.</span></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class='pindent'>It is well known that Professor Agassiz, at the last
-meeting in Charleston of the American Association for the
-Advancement of Science, startled the audience with an
-expression of disbelief in the doctrine that all mankind
-sprung from one original parent. The present book, in
-some degree the result of his remark, takes strong ground
-in favor of the common faith on the point. It is worthy of
-attentive consideration from all readers, especially as it
-popularises the important subject of Races—a subject
-generally monopolized by technical <span class='it'>savans</span>; in unreadable
-books.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk148'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'><span class='sc'>Arthur’s Gazette.</span>—We take great pleasure in calling
-the attention of our readers to the prospectus of Mr.
-Arthur’s newspaper, as set forth in full upon the cover of
-Graham for this month.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Mr. Arthur’s name is a household word the Union over;
-his stories have penetrated every village of the country,
-and are read with delight for their high moral tone and
-eminently practical character. The title is therefore very
-fitly chosen, and we shall be much mistaken if the <span class='it'>Home</span>
-Gazette is not welcomed from the start at thousands of
-firesides, as a chosen and familiar friend.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Capital—a very necessary article in starting a new
-enterprise—has, we are assured by Mr. Arthur, been
-abundantly secured, and with the editor’s industry and
-energy, there can be no such word as fail.</p>
-
-<p class='pindent'>Mr. Arthur has discovered the true secret of success—to
-charge such a price as will really enable him to make
-a good paper—to make it so in all respects; and then to <span class='it'>advertise</span>
-so as to let the public know that he has a first-rate
-article for sale at a fair living price. If he allows no
-temptation of <span class='it'>temporary</span> success to seduce him from the
-just business ground thus assumed, he is as certain of
-ultimate and permanent prosperity, as he can be of any
-problem in mathematics. A simple business secret that
-a great many publishers we know of, have yet to learn.</p>
-
-<hr class='tbk149'/>
-
-<p class='pindent'><a id='foll'></a></p>
-
-<div class='figcenter'>
-<a href='images/i149f.jpg'><img src='images/i149.jpg' alt='' id='iid-0006' style='width:450px;height:auto;'/></a>
-<p class='caption'><span style='font-size:smaller'>Anaïs Toudouze</span> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class='lgc' style=''> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'><span style='font-size:larger'><span class='bold'>LE FOLLET</span></span> Paris, boul<sup>t</sup>. S<sup>t</sup>. Martin, 69.</p>
-<p class='line'><span class='it'>Chapeaux de M<sup>me</sup>.</span> <span class='bold'>Baudry</span>, <span class='it'>r. Richelieu, 81—Plumes et fleurs de</span> <span class='bold'>Chagot ainé</span>, <span class='it'>r. Richelieu, 73</span>.</p>
-<p class='line'><span class='it'>Robes et pardessus M<sup>me</sup>.</span> <span class='bold'>Verrier Richard</span>, <span class='it'>r. Richelieu, 77—Dentelles</span> <span class='bold'>Violard</span>, <span class='it'>r. Choiseul, 4</span>.</p>
-<p class='line'><span class='it'>The styles of Goods here represented can be had of Mess<sup>rs</sup>.</span> <span class='bold'>L.T. Levy &amp; C<sup>o</sup>.</span> <span class='it'>Philadelphia</span>,</p>
-<p class='line'><span class='it'>and at</span> <span class='bold'>Stewart’s</span>, <span class='it'>New York</span>.</p>
-<p class='line'><span class='bold'>Graham’s Magazine</span>, 134 Chestnut Street.</p>
-</div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-<hr class='tbk150'/>
-
-<p class='line' style='margin-top:2em;font-size:1.1em;'><span class='bold'><a id='notes'></a>Transcriber’s Notes:</span></p>
-
-<p class='noindent'>Archaic spellings and hyphenation have been retained as well as some spellings
-peculiar to Graham's. Punctuation has been corrected
-without note. Other errors have been corrected as noted below. For
-illustrations, some caption text may be missing or incomplete due to condition of
-the originals used for preparation of the ebook.</p>
-
-<div class='lgl' style=''> <!-- rend=';' -->
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-<p class='line'>page 140, speech of Lenox, ==>&ensp;speech of <a href='#lenn'>Lennox</a>,</p>
-<p class='line'>page 140, was for Malcom and ==>&ensp;was for <a href='#malc'>Malcolm</a> and</p>
-<p class='line'>page 145, at it’s outbreak ==>&ensp;at <a href='#its2'>its</a> outbreak</p>
-<p class='line'>page 148, added <a href='#tobe'>[<span class='it'>To be continued.</span></a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 149, saw in vision ==>&ensp;saw <a href='#avis'>in a</a> vision</p>
-<p class='line'>page 149, “to saw the kernels ==>&ensp;“to <a href='#sow'>sow</a> the kernels</p>
-<p class='line'>page 153, thread-lace cape ==>&ensp;thread-lace <a href='#caps'>caps</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 153, in in leaving her ==>&ensp;<a href='#inle'>in</a> leaving her</p>
-<p class='line'>page 154, had forsight to arm ==>&ensp;had <a href='#fore'>foresight</a> to arm</p>
-<p class='line'>page 154, everybody eat, not ==>&ensp;everybody <a href='#ate'>ate</a>, not</p>
-<p class='line'>page 154, hour passsed in ==>&ensp;hour <a href='#pass'>passed</a> in</p>
-<p class='line'>page 155, turned to Miss Houton ==>&ensp;turned to Miss <a href='#haut'>Hauton</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 155, “Its a shameful ==>&ensp;“<a href='#its1'>It’s</a> a shameful</p>
-<p class='line'>page 155, “a very powerful ==>&ensp;<a href='#isa'>“is a</a> very powerful</p>
-<p class='line'>page 155, get a new troup ==>&ensp;get a new <a href='#trou'>troupe</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 155, was evident spite ==>&ensp;was evident <a href='#insp'>in</a> spite</p>
-<p class='line'>page 155, she could excute ==>&ensp;she could <a href='#exec'>execute</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 157, sleeping roses heart ==>&ensp;sleeping <a href='#rose'>rose’s</a> heart</p>
-<p class='line'>page 157, Our bark floats ==>&ensp;Our <a href='#barq1'>barque</a> floats</p>
-<p class='line'>page 166, conditon of the ==>&ensp;<a href='#cond'>condition</a> of the</p>
-<p class='line'>page 171, nutricious fluids ==>&ensp;<a href='#nutr'>nutritious</a> fluids</p>
-<p class='line'>page 173, roly-boly globularity ==>&ensp;<a href='#roly'>roly-poly</a> globularity</p>
-<p class='line'>page 177, perfect nonchalence ==>&ensp;perfect <a href='#nonc'>nonchalance</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 178, some choice boquet ==>&ensp;some choice <a href='#bouq1'>bouquet</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 178, of faded boquets ==>&ensp;of faded <a href='#bouq2'>bouquets</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 179, lige a winged ==>&ensp;<a href='#like'>like</a> a winged</p>
-<p class='line'>page 180, herself ununworthy ==>&ensp;herself <a href='#unun'>unworthy</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 180, and fops,” concontinued ==>&ensp;and fops,” <a href='#concon'>continued</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 183, to her hapness ==>&ensp;to her <a href='#happ'>happiness</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 186, in the of midst ==>&ensp;in the <a href='#midst'>midst of</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 189, her moonlight bark ==>&ensp;her moonlight <a href='#barq2'>barque</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 192, pannicle, and the ==>&ensp;<a href='#pan'>panicle</a>, and the</p>
-<p class='line'>page 193, no part slighted ==>&ensp;no part <a href='#part'>is</a> slighted</p>
-<p class='line'>page 193, fact the canvasi ==>&ensp;fact the <a href='#canv'>canvas is</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 194, musical intepretation ==>&ensp;musical <a href='#inte'>interpretation</a></p>
-<p class='line'>page 195, BY T. HOLLY CHIVRES, M. D. ==>&ensp;BY T. <a href='#holl'>HOLLEY CHIVERS</a>, M. D.</p>
-<p class='line'>page 196, our bark to wander ==>&ensp;our <a href='#barq3'>barque</a> to wander</p>
-<p class='line'>page 199, Longfellow’s popularaity ==>&ensp;Longfellow’s <a href='#pop'>popularity</a></p>
-<p class='line'>&#160;</p>
-</div> <!-- end rend -->
-
-
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-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3,
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