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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #53308 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/53308)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Eighteenth or The
-Royal Irish Regiment of Foot: From Its For, by Richard Cannon
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: Historical Record of the Eighteenth or The Royal Irish Regiment of Foot: From Its Formation in 1684 to 1848
-
-Author: Richard Cannon
-
-Release Date: October 18, 2016 [EBook #53308]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE
-
- Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.
-
- A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}. For example, Aug^t or
- 13^{th}. The original text has a dot under the superscripted
- letter(s); this has been removed in the etext.
-
- Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
- corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
- the text and consultation of external sources.
-
- More detail can be found at the end of the book.
-
-
-
-
- HISTORICAL RECORD
-
- OF
-
- THE EIGHTEENTH,
-
- OR
-
- THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT;
-
- CONTAINING
-
- AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT IN 1684,
-
- AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES TO 1848.
-
-
- COMPILED BY RICHARD CANNON, ESQ., ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, HORSE
- GUARDS.
-
-
- LONDON: PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER, 30, CHARING CROSS.
-
- MDCCCXLVIII.
-
-
-
-
- LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, FOR HER
- MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.
-
-
-
-
-GENERAL ORDERS.
-
-
- _HORSE-GUARDS_,
- _1st January_, 1836.
-
-His Majesty has been pleased to command that, with the view of
-doing the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals
-who have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with
-the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the
-British Army shall be published under the superintendence and
-direction of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall
-contain the following particulars, viz.:--
-
- ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of
- the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time
- employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations in
- which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any Achievement
- it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have
- captured from the Enemy.
-
- ---- The Names of the Officers, and the number of Non-Commissioned
- Officers and Privates Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying
- the place and Date of the Action.
-
- ---- The Names of those Officers who, in consideration of their
- Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the
- Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other Marks
- of His Majesty's gracious favour.
-
- ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, and
- Privates, as may have specially signalized themselves in Action.
-
- And,
-
- ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been
- permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges
- or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted.
-
- By Command of the Right Honorable
-
- GENERAL LORD HILL,
- _Commanding-in-Chief_.
-
- JOHN MACDONALD,
- _Adjutant-General_.
-
-
-
-
-PREFACE.
-
-
-The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend
-upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service
-are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that
-any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which
-alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted.
-
-Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable
-object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the
-Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright
-examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to
-incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have
-preceded him in their honorable career, are among the motives that
-have given rise to the present publication.
-
-The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the
-"London Gazette," from whence they are transferred into the public
-prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the
-time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and
-admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions,
-the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on
-the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their
-orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill
-and bravery; and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour
-of their Sovereign's approbation, constitute the reward which the
-soldier most highly prizes.
-
-It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which
-appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies)
-for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services
-and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in
-obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic
-account of their origin and subsequent services.
-
-This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty
-having been pleased to command that every Regiment shall, in
-future, keep a full and ample record of its services at home and
-abroad.
-
-From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth
-derive information as to the difficulties and privations which
-chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In
-Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to
-the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and
-where these pursuits have, for so long a period, being undisturbed
-by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped,
-comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active service
-and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the
-British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little
-or no interval of repose.
-
-In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country
-derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist
-and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to
-reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on
-their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which
-so many national benefits are obtained and preserved.
-
-The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance,
-have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and
-their character has been established in Continental warfare by the
-irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in
-spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and
-steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against
-superior numbers.
-
-In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample
-justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the
-Corps employed; but the details of their services and of acts of
-individual bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the
-various Regiments.
-
-These Records are now preparing for publication, under his
-Majesty's special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk
-of the Adjutant General's Office; and while the perusal of them
-cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every
-rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and
-information to the general reader, particularly to those who may
-have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service.
-
-There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or
-are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment
-to everything belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a
-narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove
-interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great, the
-valiant, the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with
-a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race
-of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood "firm
-as the rocks of their native shore:" and when half the world has
-been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their
-Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of
-achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained
-by our countrymen, our brothers, our fellow citizens in arms,--a
-record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their
-gallant deeds before us,--will certainly prove acceptable to the
-public.
-
-Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished
-Officers will be introduced in the Records of their respective
-Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to
-time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value
-and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth.
-
-As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment
-will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall
-be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession.
-
-
-
-
-INTRODUCTION
-
-TO
-
-THE INFANTRY.
-
-
-The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been celebrated for
-innate courage and unshaken firmness, and the national superiority
-of the British troops over those of other countries has been
-evinced in the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains
-so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, that no doubts can
-be raised upon the facts which are recorded. It must therefore be
-admitted, that the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is
-INTREPIDITY. This quality was evinced by the inhabitants of England
-when their country was invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army,
-on which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into the sea to
-attack the Roman soldiers as they descended from their ships; and,
-although their discipline and arms were inferior to those of their
-adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing intimidated
-the flower of the Roman troops, including Cæsar's favourite tenth
-legion. Their arms consisted of spears, short swords, and other
-weapons of rude construction. They had chariots, to the axles of
-which were fastened sharp pieces of iron resembling scythe-blades,
-and infantry in long chariots resembling waggons, who alighted
-and fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit or retreat,
-sprang into the chariot and drove off with the speed of cavalry.
-These inventions were, however, unavailing against Cæsar's
-legions: in the course of time a military system, with discipline
-and subordination, was introduced, and British courage, being
-thus regulated, was exerted to the greatest advantage; a full
-development of the national character followed, and it shone forth
-in all its native brilliancy.
-
-The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted principally of
-infantry: Thanes, and other men of property, however, fought on
-horseback. The infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. The
-former carried large shields armed with spikes, long broad swords
-and spears; and the latter were armed with swords or spears only.
-They had also men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and
-javelins.
-
-The feudal troops established by William the Conqueror consisted
-(as already stated in the Introduction to the Cavalry) almost
-entirely of horse; but when the warlike barons and knights, with
-their trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion
-of men appeared on foot, and, although these were of inferior
-degree, they proved stout-hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When
-stipendiary troops were employed, infantry always constituted a
-considerable portion of the military force; and this _arme_ has
-since acquired, in every quarter of the globe, a celebrity never
-exceeded by the armies of any nation at any period.
-
-The weapons carried by the infantry, during the several reigns
-succeeding the Conquest, were bows and arrows, half-pikes, lances,
-halberds, various kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour
-was worn on the head and body, and in course of time the practice
-became general for military men to be so completely cased in steel,
-that it was almost impossible to slay them.
-
-The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the destructive
-purposes of war, in the early part of the fourteenth
-century, produced a change in the arms and equipment of the
-infantry-soldier. Bows and arrows gave place to various kinds of
-fire-arms, but British archers continued formidable adversaries;
-and, owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect bore of
-the fire-arms when first introduced, a body of men, well trained
-in the use of the bow from their youth, was considered a valuable
-acquisition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth century.
-
-During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth each company
-of infantry usually consisted of men armed five different ways; in
-every hundred men forty were "_men-at-arms_," and sixty "_shot_;"
-the "men-at-arms" were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe men, and
-thirty pikemen; and the "shot" were twenty archers, twenty
-musketeers, and twenty harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides
-his principal weapon, a sword and dagger.
-
-Companies of infantry varied at this period in numbers from 150
-to 300 men; each company had a colour or ensign, and the mode of
-formation recommended by an English military writer (Sir John
-Smithe) in 1590 was:--the colour in the centre of the company
-guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen in equal proportions, on
-each flank of the halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank
-of the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers,
-and the harquebusiers (whose arms were much lighter than the
-muskets then in use) in equal proportions on each flank of the
-company for skirmishing.[1] It was customary to unite a number
-of companies into one body, called a REGIMENT, which frequently
-amounted to three thousand men: but each company continued to carry
-a colour. Numerous improvements were eventually introduced in the
-construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found impossible to
-make armour proof against the muskets then in use (which carried
-a very heavy ball) without its being too weighty for the soldier,
-armour was gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth
-century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, and the infantry
-were reduced to two classes, viz.: _musketeers_, armed with
-matchlock muskets, swords, and daggers; and _pikemen_, armed with
-pikes from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords.
-
-In the early part of the seventeenth century Gustavus Adolphus,
-King of Sweden, reduced the strength of regiments to 1000 men. He
-caused the gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in flasks,
-or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing a charge, to be
-made up into cartridges, and carried in pouches; and he formed
-each regiment into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division
-of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming four regiments
-into a brigade; and the number of colours was afterwards reduced to
-three in each regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that his
-infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated Polish horsemen
-and Austrian cuirassiers; and his armies became the admiration of
-other nations. His mode of formation was copied by the English,
-French, and other European states; but so great was the prejudice
-in favour of ancient customs, that all his improvements were not
-adopted until near a century afterwards.
-
-In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, styled
-the Admiral's regiment. In 1678 each company of 100 men usually
-consisted of 30 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with light
-firelocks. In this year the King added a company of men armed with
-hand-grenades to each of the old British regiments, which was
-designated the "grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived as to
-fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets similar to those
-at present in use were adopted about twenty years afterwards.
-
-An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by order of King James
-II., to guard the artillery, and was designated the Royal Fusiliers
-(now 7th Foot). This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did
-not carry pikes.
-
-King William III. incorporated the Admiral's regiment in the second
-Foot Guards, and raised two Marine regiments for sea-service.
-During the war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting
-the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 pikemen and 46
-musketeers; the captains carried pikes; lieutenants, partisans;
-ensigns, half-pikes; and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in
-1697 the Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again formed on
-the breaking out of the war in 1702.[2]
-
-During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were laid aside, and every
-infantry soldier was armed with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the
-grenadiers ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades;
-and the regiments were directed to lay aside their third colour:
-the corps of Royal Artillery was first added to the Army in this
-reign.
-
-About the year 1745, the men of the battalion companies of infantry
-ceased to carry swords; during the reign of George II. light
-companies were added to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of
-General Officers recommended that the grenadiers should lay aside
-their swords, as that weapon had never been used during the Seven
-Years' War. Since that period the arms of the infantry soldier have
-been limited to the musket and bayonet.
-
-The arms and equipment of the British Troops have seldom differed
-materially, since the Conquest, from those of other European
-states; and in some respects the arming has, at certain periods,
-been allowed to be inferior to that of the nations with whom they
-have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, the bravery and
-superiority of the British infantry have been evinced on very many
-and most trying occasions, and splendid victories have been gained
-over very superior numbers.
-
-Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like champions who have
-dared to confront a host of foes, and have proved themselves
-valiant with any arms. At _Crecy_ King Edward III., at the head of
-about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, 1346, Philip
-King of France, whose army is said to have amounted to 100,000
-men; here British valour encountered veterans of renown:--the
-King of Bohemia, the King of Majorca, and many princes and nobles
-were slain, and the French army was routed and cut to pieces. Ten
-years afterwards, Edward Prince of Wales, who was designated the
-Black Prince, defeated, at _Poictiers_, with 14,000 men, a French
-army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, and took John I., King of
-France, and his son Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October,
-1415, King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 men, although
-greatly exhausted by marches, privations, and sickness, defeated,
-at _Agincourt_, the Constable of France, at the head of the flower
-of the French nobility and an army said to amount to 60,000 men,
-and gained a complete victory.
-
-During the seventy years' war between the United Provinces of the
-Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy, which commenced in 1578 and
-terminated in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the
-States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable spirit and
-firmness;[3] and in the thirty years' war between the Protestant
-Princes and the Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the
-service of Sweden and other states were celebrated for deeds of
-heroism.[4] In the wars of Queen Anne, the fame of the British
-army under the great MARLBOROUGH was spread throughout the world;
-and if we glance at the achievements performed within the memory
-of persons now living, there is abundant proof that the Britons
-of the present age are not inferior to their ancestors in the
-qualities which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds of
-the brave men, of whom there are many now surviving, who fought in
-Egypt in 1801, under the brave Abercromby, and compelled the French
-army, which had been vainly styled _Invincible_, to evacuate that
-country; also the services of the gallant Troops during the arduous
-campaigns in the Peninsula, under the immortal WELLINGTON; and
-the determined stand made by the British Army at Waterloo, where
-Napoleon Bonaparte, who had long been the inveterate enemy of Great
-Britain, and had sought and planned her destruction by every means
-he could devise, was compelled to leave his vanquished legions to
-their fate, and to place himself at the disposal of the British
-Government. These achievements, with others of recent dates in the
-distant climes of India, prove that the same valour and constancy
-which glowed in the breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers,
-Agincourt, Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the Britons
-of the nineteenth century.
-
-The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust and muscular
-frame,--intrepidity which no danger can appal,--unconquerable
-spirit and resolution,--patience in fatigue and privation, and
-cheerful obedience to his superiors. These qualities,--united with
-an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate and give
-a skilful direction to the energies and adventurous spirit of
-the hero, and a wise selection of officers of superior talent to
-command, whose presence inspires confidence,--have been the leading
-causes of the splendid victories gained by the British arms.[5]
-The fame of the deeds of the past and present generations in the
-various battle-fields where the robust sons of Albion have fought
-and conquered, surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory;
-these achievements will live in the page of history to the end of
-time.
-
-The records of the several regiments will be found to contain a
-detail of facts of an interesting character, connected with the
-hardships, sufferings, and gallant exploits of British soldiers in
-the various parts of the world, where the calls of their Country
-and the commands of their Sovereign have required them to proceed
-in the execution of their duty, whether in active continental
-operations, or in maintaining colonial territories in distant and
-unfavourable climes.
-
-The superiority of the British infantry has been pre-eminently set
-forth in the wars of six centuries, and admitted by the greatest
-commanders which Europe has produced. The formations and movements
-of this _arme_, as at present practised, while they are adapted
-to every species of warfare, and to all probable situations and
-circumstances of service, are well suited to show forth the
-brilliancy of military tactics calculated upon mathematical and
-scientific principles. Although the movements and evolutions have
-been copied from the continental armies, yet various improvements
-have from time to time been introduced, to ensure that simplicity
-and celerity by which the superiority of the national military
-character is maintained. The rank and influence which Great Britain
-has attained among the nations of the world have in a great measure
-been purchased by the valour of the Army, and to persons who have
-the welfare of their country at heart the records of the several
-regiments cannot fail to prove interesting.
-
-
-FOOTNOTES:
-
-[1] A company of 200 men would appear thus:--
-
- __|
- | |
- |__|
- |
- 20 20 20 30 2|0 30 20 20 20
- Harquebuses. Muskets. Halberds. Muskets. Harquebuses.
- Archers. Pikes. Pikes. Archers.
-
-The musket carried a ball which weighed 1/10th of a pound; and the
-harquebus a ball which weighed 1/25th of a pound.
-
-[2] The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps
-in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign
-of Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under
-Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and
-in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at
-the siege of Barcelona in 1705.
-
-[3] The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed
-in 1590, observes:--"I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation
-would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the
-field, let them be chosen where they list." Yet at this time the
-Spanish infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe.
-For instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during
-the Seventy Years' War, see the Historical Record of the Third
-Foot, or Buffs.
-
-[4] _Vide_ the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of
-Foot.
-
-[5] "Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes
-the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in
-Egypt to that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but
-His Majesty desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed
-on the consideration of every part of the army, that it has been a
-strict observance of order, discipline, and military system, which
-has given the full energy to the native valour of the troops, and
-has enabled them proudly to assert the superiority of the national
-military character, in situations uncommonly arduous, and under
-circumstances of peculiar difficulty."--_General Orders in 1801._
-
-In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope
-(afterwards Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the
-successful result of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January,
-1809, it is stated:--"On no occasion has the undaunted valour of
-British troops ever been more manifest. At the termination of a
-severe and harassing march, rendered necessary by the superiority
-which the enemy had acquired, and which had materially impaired
-the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages were to be
-encountered. These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the
-troops themselves; and the enemy has been taught, that, whatever
-advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there is
-inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows
-not how to yield,--that no circumstances can appal,--and that will
-ensure victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any
-human means."
-
-
-
-
- THE EIGHTEENTH,
-
- OR
-
- THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT,
-
- BEARS ON THE REGIMENTAL COLOUR
-
- "THE HARP AND CROWN,"
-
- AS THE BADGES OF DISTINCTION CONNECTED WITH ITS ROYAL TITLE;
-
-
- THE ARMS OF NASSAU,
-
- WITH THE MOTTO
-
- "VIRTUTIS NAMURCENSIS PREMIUM,"
-
- AS A LASTING TESTIMONY OF THE GALLANTRY DISPLAYED IN THE STORMING
- AND CAPTURE OF THE CASTLE OF NAMUR IN 1695 IN THE PRESENCE OF HIS
- MAJESTY KING WILLIAM III.;
-
-
- THE WORD "EGYPT" WITH THE "SPHINX,"
-
- IN COMMEMORATION OF ITS DISTINGUISHED SERVICES IN THE EXPULSION OF
- THE FRENCH ARMY FROM EGYPT IN THE YEAR 1801;
-
-
- AND
-
- THE WORD "CHINA" WITH THE "DRAGON,"
-
- FOR ITS SERVICES IN THE WAR WITH CHINA FROM 1840 TO 1842.
-
-
-
-
-EIGHTEENTH,
-
-OR
-
-THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
-CONTENTS
-
-OF THE
-
-HISTORICAL RECORD.
-
-
- YEAR PAGE
-
- 1684 Formation of the regiment in Ireland 1
-
- ---- Arthur Earl of Granard appointed to be Colonel 2
-
- 1685 Decease of King Charles II. -
-
- ---- Accession of King James II. -
-
- ---- Rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth -
-
- ---- Embarkation of the regiment for England -
-
- ---- Capture and execution of the Duke of Monmouth -
-
- ---- Regiment re-embarked for Ireland -
-
- 1686 Proceedings in Ireland in favour of the Roman Catholics 3
-
- ---- Arthur Lord Forbes appointed Colonel in succession to
- the Earl of Granard -
-
- 1687 Encamped on the Curragh of Kildare -
-
- 1688 Embarked for England 4
-
- ---- The Prince of Orange arrived from Holland -
-
- ---- Adhesion of a certain number of the officers and
- soldiers to the Protestant cause 5
-
- ---- The Protestant officers and soldiers marched into
- Hertfordshire with the regiment 6
-
- ---- The Irish Roman Catholic soldiers sent to the Isle
- of Wight -
-
- 1688 Lord Forbes retired from the service, and succeeded in
- the Colonelcy by Sir John Edgeworth 6
-
- ---- Colonel ---- Talbot, Earl Tyrconnel, appointed by King
- James II. as Lord-lieutenant of Ireland -
-
- ---- The Prince of Orange elevated to the throne with the
- title of King William III. -
-
- 1689 Regiment marched to Chester -
-
- ---- Sir John Edgeworth deprived of his commission, and
- succeeded in the Colonelcy by Edward Earl of Meath -
-
- ---- Arrival of King James II. in Ireland, with troops from
- France 7
-
- ---- King William III. assembled an army at Chester -
-
- ---- Regiment marched to Highlake, and embarked for Ireland -
-
- ---- Engaged at the siege of Carrickfergus -
-
- ---- Encamped at Dundalk -
-
- ---- Quartered at Lisburn during the winter -
-
- 1690 King William III. arrived in Ireland and assumed the
- command of the army -
-
- ---- Battle of the Boyne -
-
- ---- Marched to Dublin, and reviewed at Finglass 8
-
- ---- Detached against Castle-Connell -
-
- ---- Engaged in an unsuccessful assault upon Limerick -
-
- ---- Siege of Limerick raised 9
-
- ---- Marched towards Mullingar -
-
- ---- Proceeded to the relief of Birr -
-
- ---- Stationed at Mullingar during the winter -
-
- 1691 Detachment advanced towards Dunmore -
-
- ---- Quitted Mullingar, and engaged in the siege of
- Ballymore 10
-
- ---- Engaged in the siege of Athlone --
-
- ---- ------- at the battle of Aghrim --
-
- ---- Marched against Galway 11
-
- ---- Engaged in the siege and capture of Limerick --
-
- ---- Termination of hostilities in Ireland --
-
- 1692 Regiment embarked for England 11
-
- ---- Naval action off La Hogue, and French fleet nearly
- destroyed --
-
- ---- Menace of French invasion ceased 12
-
- ---- Projected expedition to the coast of France --
-
- ---- Certain regiments ordered to Flanders --
-
- ---- Regiment landed at Ostend --
-
- ---- Capture of Furnes and Dixmude --
-
- ---- Re-embarked for England --
-
- ---- Lieut.-Colonel F. Hamilton promoted to the Colonelcy
- in succession to the Earl of Meath, retired --
-
- 1693 Embarked as Marines on board the fleet --
-
- ---- Disembarked and proceeded to Norwich 13
-
- ---- Marched to London, and reviewed by King William III.
- in Hyde Park --
-
- ---- Embarked for Ostend --
-
- 1694 Proceeded to Louvain 14
-
- ---- Engaged in the siege of Huy --
-
- ---- Marched into winter quarters at Ghent --
-
- ---- Rank of the regiment fixed as EIGHTEENTH of the
- infantry of the line 15
-
- 1695 Engaged at the siege of Namur --
-
- ---- ------- in storming the castle of Namur 16
-
- ---- King William III. conferred on the regiment the title
- of the ROYAL REGIMENT OF FOOT OF IRELAND, with the
- HARP IN A BLUE FIELD AND THE CROWN OVER IT, the
- privilege of bearing his own arms, THE LION OF NASSAU,
- on its colours; with the motto _Virtutis Namurcensis
- Premium_ 17
-
- ---- Title afterwards changed to "THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT
- OF FOOT" 18
-
- ---- Surrender of the fortress of Namur --
-
- ---- Marched into winter quarters at Ghent --
-
- 1696 Served under the Prince of Vaudemont --
-
- ---- Returned to Ghent --
-
- 1697 Joined the army of Brabant under King William III. --
-
- 1697 Termination of the war, and treaty of Ryswick 19
-
- ---- Embarked at Ostend for Ireland --
-
- ---- Arrived at Cork --
-
- 1699 Marched to Waterford, thence to Dublin --
-
- 1700 Removed to Kinsale --
-
- 1701 Hostilities recommenced with France 20
-
- ---- Embarked for Holland --
-
- ---- Reviewed on Breda Heath by King William III. --
-
- 1702 Proceeded to Rosendael --
-
- ---- Engaged at the siege of Kayserswerth --
-
- ---- ------- in skirmish near Nimeguen --
-
- ---- The Earl of Marlborough assumed the command of the
- allied army 21
-
- ---- Engaged in the siege of Venloo --
-
- ---- Extraordinary attack of Fort St. Michael --
-
- ---- Engaged at the siege and capture of Ruremonde 24
-
- ---- -------------------------------- of Liège --
-
- ---- Retired to Holland, and entered winter quarters at
- Huesden --
-
- 1703 Engaged at the siege and capture of Huy 25
-
- ---- ------- at the siege and capture of Limburg --
-
- ---- Marched to Breda --
-
- 1704 Proceeded from Breda to the Danube --
-
- ---- Joined the Imperial army 26
-
- ---- Battle of Schellenberg --
-
- ---- Crossed the Danube --
-
- ---- Siege and capture of Rayn --
-
- ---- Battle of Blenheim 27
-
- ---- Marshal Tallard and many officers and soldiers made
- prisoners --
-
- ---- Returned to Holland 28
-
- 1705 General Ingoldsby appointed to be Colonel, in the
- place of General Hamilton (retired) 29
-
- ---- Marched to Maestricht --
-
- ---- Engaged in the recapture of Huy --
-
- ---- Passed the works of Helixem and Neer-Hespen --
-
- ---- Returned to winter quarters in Holland 30
-
- 1706 Advanced to Tongres --
-
- 1706 Battle of Ramilies 30
-
- ---- Surrender of Brussels, Lierre, Ghent, Bruges, &c. 31
-
- ---- --------- of Oudenarde and Antwerp --
-
- ---- Siege and surrender of Ostend --
-
- ---- Attack and surrender of the fortress of Menin --
-
- ---- Capture of the fortress of Aeth 32
-
- ---- Returned to winter quarters at Ghent --
-
- 1707 Engaged in active field-movements --
-
- 1708 Re-embarked at Ostend for England to repel invasion
- by the Pretender 33
-
- ---- Returned to Flanders --
-
- ---- Recaptured Ghent and Bruges from the French --
-
- ---- Battle of Oudenarde --
-
- ---- Siege and surrender of Lisle 34
-
- 1709 ------------------- of Tournay --
-
- ---- Battle of Malplaquet 35
-
- ---- Extraordinary collision between the two regiments
- called "_Royal Regiments of Ireland_:" one in the
- _English_ service, the other in the _French_ service,
- both regiments bearing the _Irish Harp_ 36
-
- ---- Employed in the siege of Mons 37
-
- ---- Marched into winter quarters in Ghent --
-
- 1710 Engaged in forcing the lines at Pont-à-Vendin --
-
- ---- ------- at the siege of Douay --
-
- ---- ------- at the siege of Bethune --
-
- ---- ------- at the siege of Aire --
-
- ---- Returned to Ghent 38
-
- 1711 Passage of the French lines at Arleux --
-
- ---- Siege and capture of Bouchain --
-
- ---- Marched into winter quarters at Lisle 40
-
- 1712 Lieut.-Colonel Stearne promoted to be Colonel in
- succession to General Ingoldsby (deceased) --
-
- ---- Marched from Lisle, and encamped beyond Bouchain --
-
- ---- Joined the army under the Duke of Ormond --
-
- ---- Suspension of hostilities --
-
- 1713 Rank of the Royal Irish Regiment as 18th regiment of
- foot in the English army, directed to take date from
- the time of its arrival in England, in 1688 40
-
- ---- Conclusion of the treaty of peace at Utrecht --
-
- 1714 Remained in the garrison of Ghent until the Barrier
- Treaty was signed 41
-
- ---- Reception of the Duke and Duchess of Marlborough on
- passing through Ghent --
-
- 1715 Returned to England on account of the rebellion of the
- Earl of Mar, leaving the Lieut.-Colonel and 100 men
- in the castle of Ghent --
-
- ---- Landed at Greenwich, marched to Gloucester, and thence
- to Oxford --
-
- 1716 Rencontre at Oxford, in consequence of acts of
- disloyalty evinced in that town --
-
- 1717 Marched to Portsmouth 42
-
- ---- Lieut.-Colonel William Cosby promoted to the Colonelcy
- in succession to General Stearne, who retired --
-
- 1718 Embarked for Minorca --
-
- 1727 Detachment of 500 men proceeded from Minorca to
- reinforce the garrison of Gibraltar, besieged by
- the Spaniards --
-
- 1732 Sir Charles Hotham, Bart., appointed to the Colonelcy
- in succession to General Cosby, appointed Governor-
- in-Chief of New York --
-
- 1735 Colonel John Armstrong appointed to the Colonelcy in
- succession to Sir Charles Hotham --
-
- 1742 Colonel John Mordaunt appointed to the Colonelcy in
- succession to General Armstrong --
-
- ---- Returned from Minorca to England --
-
- 1744 Reviewed on Hounslow Heath by Field-Marshal the Duke
- of Cumberland 43
-
- 1745 Embarked for Flanders --
-
- ---- Landed at Ostend, and marched to Mons 44
-
- 1745 Re-embarked for England in consequence of Charles
- Edward, son of the Pretender, having landed in
- Scotland 45
-
- ---- Landed at Gravesend, and embarked for Leith --
-
- 1747 Colonel John Folliott appointed to the Colonelcy in
- succession to General Sir J. Mordaunt 46
-
- 1748 Returned from Scotland to England --
-
- ---- Conclusion of the treaty of peace at Aix la Chapelle --
-
- 1749 Embarked for Ireland --
-
- 1751 Royal warrant issued for regulating the clothing,
- colours, &c. --
-
- 1755 War recommenced with France 47
-
- ---- Embarked for England, marched to Edinburgh --
-
- 1757 Re-embarked for Ireland, and remained there during the
- Seven Years' War --
-
- 1762 General Sir John Sebright, Bart., appointed to the
- Colonelcy in succession to General Folliott
- (deceased) --
-
- 1767 Embarked from Ireland for North America --
-
- 1775 Commencement of war with America --
-
- ---- Engaged at the village of Lexington 48
-
- ---- Proceeded to destroy American stores at Concord --
-
- ---- Engaged in the battle at Bunker's Hill 49
-
- 1776 Quitted Boston and embarked for Nova Scotia --
-
- ---- Embarked for England and stationed at Dover Castle --
-
- 1778 Encamped at Coxheath --
-
- 1779 -------- at Warley 50
-
- 1780 -------- at Finchley --
-
- 1782 Termination of the American war --
-
- ---- Embarked for Jersey --
-
- 1783 Removed to Guernsey --
-
- ---- Engaged in quelling a mutiny in the 104th Regiment --
-
- ---- Received the thanks of the Lieut.-Governor and of the
- States of the Island, accompanied by one hundred
- guineas for distribution among the non-commissioned
- officers and soldiers, for their loyal and spirited
- conduct 50
-
- 1783 Proceeded to Portsmouth, and embarked for Gibraltar --
-
- 1793 Embarked from Gibraltar to take possession of Toulon
- in aid of the French loyalists and in the name of
- Louis XVII. --
-
- ---- Evacuated Toulon after destroying the shipping,
- arsenal, and magazines 52
-
- 1794 Embarked for the Island of Corsica --
-
- ---- Siege and capture of the town and fortress of Calvi 53
-
- ---- General Sir James Pulteney, Bart., appointed to the
- Colonelcy in succession to General Sir John Sebright,
- Bart., deceased 54
-
- 1796 Withdrawn from the Island of Corsica --
-
- ---- Proceeded to the Island of Elba --
-
- ---- Embarked for the coast of Italy, and took possession
- of Campiglia, Castiglione, and Piombino --
-
- ---- Re-embarked for Elba 55
-
- 1797 Removed to Gibraltar --
-
- 1800 Embarked from Gibraltar for service in the
- Mediterranean --
-
- ---- Proceeded to Minorca --
-
- ---- Sailed to Genoa to co-operate with the Austrians --
-
- ---- Returned to Minorca --
-
- ---- Embarked on an expedition against Cadiz --
-
- ---- Sailed to Gibraltar on the design of the expedition
- being relinquished --
-
- ---- Proceeded again to Minorca --
-
- ---- Sailed to Malta, and joined the armament under
- Lieut.-General Sir Ralph Abercromby 56
-
- ---- Sailed to Marmorice Bay --
-
- ---- Proceeded to Alexandria, and anchored in the Bay
- of Aboukir --
-
- 1801 Landed at Aboukir 56
-
- ---- Advanced to Alexandria 57
-
- ---- Battle of Alexandria on the 21st of March 58
-
- ---- Death of Sir Ralph Abercromby --
-
- ---- Proceeded to Rosetta --
-
- ---- Captured Fort St. Julian --
-
- ---- Advanced up the banks of the Nile --
-
- ---- Engaged in operations at El Aft and Rahmanie 59
-
- ---- Siege and capture of the city of Cairo --
-
- ---- Surrender of Alexandria, and expulsion of the French
- from Egypt --
-
- ---- Authorized to bear the _Sphinx_ with the word _Egypt_ --
-
- ---- Proceeded to Malta 60
-
- 1802 Treaty of Peace concluded at Amiens --
-
- ---- Embarked for Ireland --
-
- 1803 War with France recommenced --
-
- ---- Augmented to two battalions --
-
- ---- Two battalions embarked for Scotland --
-
- ---- Received a complimentary letter from the magistrates
- and clergy of Haddington --
-
- 1804 Proceeded to England --
-
- ---- Landed at Ramsgate and encamped on Barham Downs 61
-
- ---- Second battalion embarked for Jersey --
-
- 1805 First battalion embarked for Jamaica --
-
- 1807 Second battalion embarked for Curaçao --
-
- 1809 First battalion embarked for St. Domingo --
-
- ---- St. Domingo surrendered by the French 62
-
- ---- First battalion returned to Jamaica --
-
- 1810 Second battalion embarked for England --
-
- 1811 ---------------- proceeded to Jersey --
-
- ---- General Lord Hutchinson, afterwards Earl of Donoughmore,
- appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to General
- Sir James Pulteney, Bart., deceased --
-
- 1814 Termination of the war with France --
-
- ---- Disbandment of the second battalion --
-
- 1817 Returned to England from Jamaica 63
-
- 1817 Proceeded to Brighton --
-
- ---- Furnished the guard of H. R. H. the Prince Regent at
- the Pavilion --
-
- 1818 Marched to Gosport --
-
- ---- Embarked for Ireland --
-
- ---- Received the thanks and approbation of the public
- authorities of several of the principal places in
- Ireland --
-
- 1820 Marched to Cork --
-
- 1821 Embarked for Malta --
-
- 1824 Embarked for the Ionian Islands 64
-
- ---- Received the testimonial of General the Marquis of
- Hastings --
-
- 1832 Embarked at Corfu for England 65
-
- ---- Appointment of General Lord Aylmer to the Colonelcy
- in succession to General the Earl of Donoughmore,
- deceased --
-
- 1834 Embarked for Ireland --
-
- 1837 Formed into Six Service and Four Depôt Companies
- preparatory to embarkation for Foreign Service --
-
- ---- Service companies embarked for Ceylon --
-
- 1838 Depôt companies embarked from Dublin for England --
-
- 1839 Removed from Colombo to Trincomalee --
-
- ---- Three companies embarked from Portsmouth --
-
- 1840 War commenced with China --
-
- ---- Six companies embarked from Ceylon for China 66
-
- ---- Capture of the Island of Chusan 67
-
- ---- -------------- city of Ting-hae-hien --
-
- 1841 Possession taken of Hong-Kong --
-
- ---- Regiment sailed up the Canton river, and the City of
- Canton surrendered 69
-
- ---- Capture of the Island and City of Amoy 70
-
- ---- -------------- Island of Koolangsoo --
-
- ---- Island of Chusan again taken possession of 71
-
- ---- Capture of the City of Chinhae --
-
- 1841 Capture of the City of Ningpo 72
-
- 1842 Four companies stationed at Ningpo, and five companies
- at Koolangsoo --
-
- ---- Defeat of the Tartars and Chinese in an attack upon
- Ningpo --
-
- ---- Capture of Tsekee, and heights of Segaon 73
-
- ---- Forced the Chankee Pass --
-
- ---- Attack and capture of the city of Chapoo --
-
- ---- Employed on an expedition up the Yangtse-Keang river 74
-
- ---- Capture of Woosung, Poonshau, and the city of Shanghae --
-
- ---- Capture of the city of Chin Keang-foo by storm --
-
- ---- Embarked for Nankin, the ancient Capital of China 75
-
- ---- Conditions of Peace agreed --
-
- ---- The word "_China_" and the device of the "_Dragon_"
- authorized to be borne on the colours and
- appointments --
-
- ---- Proceeded from Nankin to Chusan --
-
- 1843 Head-quarters at Koolangsoo 76
-
- ---- ------------- removed to Chusan --
-
- 1845 --------------------- to Hong-Kong --
-
- 1847 Embarked at Hong-Kong, and engaged in operations on
- the Canton River --
-
- ---- Returned to Hong-Kong --
-
- ---- Embarked for Calcutta --
-
- 1848 Arrived at Fort William, Bengal --
-
- ---- The Conclusion 77
-
-
-1848.
-
-
-
-
-PLATES.
-
-
- Colours of the Eighteenth, Royal Irish Regiment,
- _to face_ 1
-
- Representation of the Battle of Blenheim, on the 13th
- August, 1704 28
-
- Costume of the Regiment 80
-
-
-
-
-SUCCESSION OF COLONELS
-
-OF THE
-
-EIGHTEENTH, OR ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
- YEAR PAGE
-
- 1684 Arthur, Viscount of Granard 81
-
- 1686 Arthur, Lord Forbes 82
-
- 1688 Sir John Edgeworth 83
-
- 1689 Edward, Earl of Meath --
-
- 1692 Frederick Hamilton 84
-
- 1705 Richard Ingoldsby 85
-
- 1712 Richard Stearne --
-
- 1717 William Cosby 87
-
- 1732 Sir Charles Hotham, Bart. --
-
- 1735 John Armstrong --
-
- 1742 Sir John Mordaunt, K.B. 88
-
- 1747 John Folliott 89
-
- 1762 Sir John Sebright, Bart. --
-
- 1794 Sir James Murray, Bart., afterwards Pulteney --
-
- 1811 John Hely, Lord Hutchinson, K.B., afterwards Earl of
- Donoughmore 90
-
- 1832 Matthew, Lord Aylmer 91
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration: EIGHTEENTH.
-
-ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT.
-
-QUEEN'S COLOUR.]
-
-[Illustration: REGIMENTAL COLOUR.
-
-FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS
-
-_Madeley lith 3 Wellington S^t Strand_]
-
-
-
-
-HISTORICAL RECORD
-
-OF
-
-THE EIGHTEENTH,
-
-OR THE
-
-ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1684]
-
-THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT existed many years, as independent
-companies of pikemen and musketeers on the establishment of
-Ireland, previous to the formation of the regiment in 1684; several
-of these companies having been in the service of the Commonwealth
-in the time of Oliver Cromwell. At the Restoration in 1660, King
-Charles II. disbanded the army of the Commonwealth in England, and
-embodied several new corps. Little alteration was, however, made
-in the Irish forces, excepting the formation of a regiment of foot
-guards, called the "Royal Regiment of Ireland," which, with about
-twenty independent troops of horse and eighty companies of foot,
-constituted the military force of Ireland. Towards the close of
-his reign, King Charles II. took particular interest in improving
-the organization of the military establishments of his dominions,
-and the Irish independent troops of horse were embodied into three
-regiments of cavalry; at the same time the companies of foot were
-constituted seven regiments of infantry. The colonelcy of one of
-these corps was conferred on ARTHUR EARL OF GRANARD, by commission
-dated the 1st of April, 1684; it is the only one of these ten
-regiments which has continued in the service of the British crown;
-and it now bears the title of the EIGHTEENTH, or the ROYAL IRISH
-REGIMENT OF FOOT.[6]
-
-[Sidenote: 1685]
-
-On the 6th of February, 1685, King Charles II. died, and was
-succeeded by his brother, James II.; and in June following James
-Duke of Monmouth erected the standard of rebellion in the west of
-England, and asserted his own pretensions to the throne. On this
-occasion the EARL OF GRANARD'S regiment was ordered to proceed to
-England: it embarked from Dublin, landed at Park Gate, and marched
-to Chester. In a few days after its arrival in England the rebel
-army was overthrown at Sedgemoor, and the Duke of Monmouth was
-subsequently captured and beheaded; when the regiment returned to
-Ireland.
-
-[Sidenote: 1686]
-
-The King, being of the Roman Catholic persuasion, soon evinced
-a determination to use his utmost endeavours to subvert the
-Protestant religion and the constitution of the kingdom;
-commencing in Ireland, where the Catholics were more numerous
-than the Protestants. The Earl of Clarendon was nominated
-Lord-Lieutenant; but "Colonel ---- Talbot, a furious Papist, was
-empowered to model the army, and he dismissed the greater part of
-the Protestant officers, filling their places with those of his own
-religion. After having performed this signal service, he came over
-to England, where he was created Earl Tyrconnel and lieut.-general
-of the Irish army."[7] The Earl of Granard, not approving of these
-proceedings, resigned the colonelcy of the regiment in favour of
-his son, ARTHUR LORD FORBES, whose commission as colonel was dated
-the 1st of March, 1686.
-
-[Sidenote: 1687]
-
-In the summer of 1687, the regiment was encamped, with the other
-Irish corps, on the Curragh of Kildare; and the Earl Tyrconnel
-made a minute inspection of every troop and company, inquiring
-the name of every man, and discharging many because they were
-the descendants of men who had served Oliver Cromwell. When the
-regiment went into quarters, nearly all the Protestant officers and
-soldiers were dismissed from the service, a few only being retained
-to discipline the recruits, and the ranks were completed with men
-of the Roman Catholic religion.[8]
-
-Colonel LORD FORBES being a spirited young nobleman of the
-Protestant religion, Earl Tyrconnel paid some deference to his
-Lordship, to avoid an open collision with so chivalrous an officer;
-and more Protestants were retained in LORD FORBES'S regiment than
-in any other Irish corps.
-
-[Sidenote: 1688]
-
-In the summer of 1688, the regiment was again encamped on the
-Curragh of Kildare. Meanwhile the proceedings of the Court in
-favour of Papacy and arbitrary government, had alarmed the kingdom,
-and a number of noblemen and gentlemen had invited the Prince of
-Orange to come to England with an army to support the Protestant
-interest. On this occasion LORD FORBES'S regiment was ordered to
-proceed to England:[9] it landed at Chester, marched to London, and
-was quartered in the borough of Southwark.
-
-The Prince of Orange having passed Dover with a powerful armament,
-the regiment was ordered to march to Salisbury, where it joined
-King James's army a few days after the Prince had landed at
-Torbay, and marched to Exeter. The English army, which amounted to
-thirty thousand men, had not been remodelled as the Irish forces
-had been, but consisted principally of Protestant officers and
-soldiers, who refused to fight in the cause of Papacy and arbitrary
-government, and many of them joined the Prince of Orange. Under
-these circumstances, the King ordered the army to withdraw towards
-London, and LORD FORBES'S regiment marched to Colnbrook, where
-it was quartered when King James attempted to escape to France
-Lord Forbes waited on the Prince of Orange, who directed him to
-disband the Roman Catholic officers and soldiers, and to keep the
-Protestants to their colours: upwards of five hundred officers and
-soldiers were dismissed, and about two hundred Protestants, of all
-ranks, remained with the colours.
-
-In a few days after this event, a report was circulated that
-the Irish soldiers had commenced murdering the country people
-and setting fire to the villages in the south of England. This
-proved false; but on the first circulation of the report, Major
-Sir John Edgeworth, who commanded the regiment in the absence of
-Colonel Lord Forbes, who was with the Prince of Orange in London
-(the Lieut.-Colonel, Lord Brittas, being a Papist, had left the
-regiment), assembled the men at his quarters, and formed them on
-parade in the court of Lord Oslington's house, which was walled
-in. "The country people, hearing that an Irish regiment was there,
-came flocking from all parts to knock us on the head; but Sir John
-bid them, at their peril, not to approach, and told them we were
-not Irish Papists, but true Church of England men; and seeing
-among the crowd a gentleman, called to him, and desired he would
-send to the minister of the parish to read prayers to us, and if
-the minister did not convince them we were all of the Church of
-England, we would submit to their mercy. The minister was soon sent
-for, and to prayers we went, repeating the responses of the Liturgy
-so well and so exactly, that the minister declared to the mob he
-never before heard the responses of the Church of England prayers
-repeated so distinctly and with so much devotion, upon which the
-mob gave a huzza, and cried '_Long live the Prince of Orange!_' and
-so returned home."[10]
-
-Soon afterwards the regiment marched to Hertfordshire, and the
-Protestant officers of Hamilton's Irish regiment were added to its
-numbers. The Irish Roman Catholic soldiers were sent prisoners to
-the Isle of Wight, and afterwards transferred to the service of the
-Emperor of Germany.
-
-Lord Forbes retiring from the service at this period, the Prince of
-Orange conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on Major Sir John
-Edgeworth, by commission dated the 31st of December, 1688: at the
-same time measures were adopted to recruit its diminished numbers.
-
-[Sidenote: 1689]
-
-In the beginning of April, 1689, the regiment marched to Chester,
-where it was stationed several weeks.
-
-Colonel Sir John Edgeworth having been guilty of irregularity in
-procuring clothing, viz., purchasing the old clothing of disbanded
-Roman Catholic soldiers, from the Jews, to supply the recruits,
-instead of providing new clothing, was deprived of his commission;
-and on the 1st of May, 1689, the colonelcy was conferred on EDWARD
-EARL OF MEATH: Major Newcomb was appointed lieut.-colonel, and
-Captain Frederick Hamilton major.
-
-Early in May the regiment marched into Wales.
-
-Meanwhile the Prince of Orange had been elevated to the throne; but
-Earl Tyrconnel, who had been nominated lord-lieutenant of Ireland
-in the preceding year, had retained that country in the Roman
-Catholic interest; King James had arrived there with a body of
-French troops, and the whole country was subject to him, excepting
-Enniskillen and Londonderry, which were defended by Protestants.
-To rescue the suffering Protestants of Ireland from the power of
-their enemies, King William assembled an army at Chester, under
-Marshal Frederick Duke Schomberg; and the EARL OF MEATH'S regiment
-being selected for this service, marched to Highlake, where it
-embarked for Ireland, and landing at White-house, near Belfast, on
-the 22nd of August, joined the troops under Duke Schomberg, who had
-commenced the siege of _Carrickfergus_, which fortress surrendered
-a few days afterwards.
-
-The regiment advanced with the army to Dundalk, where a camp
-was formed on low, wet ground, which occasioned great loss of
-life among the troops from disease. No action of importance
-occurred during this campaign, and the regiment passed the winter
-in quarters at Lisburn, where it furnished a daily guard at
-Duke Schomberg's quarters: its ranks were completed by zealous
-Protestants, who were eager to enrol themselves under its colours,
-and it was the strongest corps in the army.
-
-[Sidenote: 1690]
-
-In the summer of 1690, King William arrived in Ireland, and the
-officers and soldiers of the regiment had the honor of serving
-under the eye of their Sovereign. They took part in the memorable
-battle of the _Boyne_, on the 1st of July, when the army of King
-William forced the passage of the river in the face of the French
-and Irish forces under King James, and gained a decisive victory.
-
-From the Boyne the regiment marched with the army towards Dublin,
-and at the general review at Finglass, on the 7th and 8th of
-July, it mustered six hundred and seventy-eight rank and file. It
-afterwards proceeded towards _Limerick_, where the defeated army
-of King James had rallied, and was prepared to make a determined
-stand. On arriving before the town, the regiment was detached, with
-three other corps, against _Castle-Connell_, which surrendered on
-being summoned.
-
-The British battering train was destroyed by a detachment of the
-enemy, before it arrived at the camp; but the King resolved to
-prosecute the siege, and on the 20th of August the grenadiers of
-the regiment, commanded by Captain Needham, with those of Lord
-Cutts's regiment under Captain Foxon, entered the trenches to storm
-one of the outworks near the south-east corner of the wall. At two
-o'clock in the afternoon the signal was given, when the grenadiers
-rushed forward under a heavy fire, threw a shower of hand-grenades
-into the outwork, and scaling the wall with distinguished
-gallantry, captured the fort, killing about fifty men, and making
-a captain and twelve men prisoners: the remainder of the garrison
-escaped into the town. The grenadiers maintained the post they had
-captured; a sortie of the enemy was repulsed; and when the soldiers
-of the regiment were relieved, they retired: as they withdrew,
-Captain Needham was killed by a random shot from the town.[11]
-
-A breach being made in the wall, and the approaches carried to
-the foot of the glacis, the King ordered a general assault to be
-made, on the 27th of August, by half the grenadiers of the army,
-supported by seven battalions, to capture the covered way and two
-towers near the breach: the EARL OF MEATH'S regiment was one of
-the corps selected for this service. The assault was made with
-great gallantry; but, owing to some misapprehension of orders, the
-attack failed, and the several regiments engaged were forced to
-retire to the trenches, with the loss of five hundred officers and
-soldiers killed, and upwards of a thousand wounded.
-
-The regiment had Lieutenant Latham and Ensign Smith killed;
-Lieut.-Colonel Newcomb died of his wounds; Colonel the Earl of
-Meath, Lieutenants Blakeney and Hubblethorn, wounded; and upwards
-of a hundred soldiers killed and wounded.[12]
-
-The failure of this attack, with the approach of unfavourable
-weather, occasioned His Majesty to raise the siege, when the
-regiment marched with several others, under Major-General Kirke,
-towards Mullingar; but afterwards proceeded to the relief
-of _Birr_, which was besieged by a body of the enemy under
-Major-General Sarsfield, who retired behind the Shannon on the
-approach of the British troops.
-
-The regiment was afterwards stationed at Mullingar, which was one
-of the frontier garrisons, and was actively employed during the
-winter in making incursions into the enemy's cantonments.
-
-[Sidenote: 1691]
-
-Towards the end of April, 1691, a detachment of the regiment,
-commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Hamilton, accompanied a party under
-Colonel Brewer in a sudden advance towards Dunore, to surprise two
-thousand armed Roman Catholic peasantry, who had taken post near
-that place. At daybreak on the following morning the detachment
-approached the post, and the enemy formed for battle, but soon
-fled, and the soldiers pursued and killed about fifty fugitives.
-
-Quitting Mullingar in the early part of June, the regiment was
-engaged in the operations of the army under Lieut.-General Baron
-De Ghinkel, afterwards Earl of Athlone:[13] it took part in the
-siege of _Ballymore_, which place was captured in a few days;
-and afterwards appeared before _Athlone_, in the siege of which
-fortress it had several men killed and wounded.
-
-A strong detachment of the regiment took part in the capture of
-_Athlone_ by storm, on which occasion the assailants rushed through
-the rapid stream of the Shannon, which was breast high, carried
-the enemy's works in gallant style, and in less than half an hour
-were masters of the town, to the surprise of General St. Ruth, who
-commanded King James's army, which was encamped near the fortress,
-and who was giving a public entertainment in his camp, when the
-news of the loss of _Athlone_ reached him.
-
-After putting the captured fortress in repair, the army marched
-towards the enemy, who occupied a strong position near the castle
-of _Aghrim_, and on the 12th of July a general engagement took
-place, in which the Irish forces were overpowered and driven from
-the field with severe loss, including General St. Ruth, who was
-killed by a cannon ball. On this occasion the regiment formed part
-of the brigade under Major-General Talmash: it had seven rank and
-file killed; one major, two captains, one lieutenant, one ensign,
-and eight rank and file wounded.
-
-After this victory, the army marched to _Galway_, which surrendered
-in a few days; and the victorious English troops proceeded to
-_Limerick_, where the remains of the defeated Irish forces had
-assembled, and appeared determined to make a resolute stand, in the
-hope of being reinforced from France. The regiment had the honour
-to take part in the siege of Limerick; and, the army having crossed
-the river Shannon and completed the investment of the place, the
-Irish soon afterwards surrendered the city, and with it every
-other part of Ireland of which they retained possession, the Irish
-regiments being permitted to follow King James to France, or remain
-in their own country, as they should choose: the "Royal Regiment
-of Ireland" was one of the corps which proceeded to France, and
-was taken into the service of Louis XIV. The EARL OF MEATH'S, now
-EIGHTEENTH regiment, was the only one of the eleven Irish corps
-embodied by King Charles II. which remained in the service of the
-English crown.
-
-Ireland being rescued from the domination of King James, the
-regiment went into quarters in the county of Wicklow, and in
-December it proceeded to Waterford and Youghal.
-
-[Sidenote: 1692]
-
-In the spring of 1692, the King of France assembled an army near
-La Hogue, and prepared an immense fleet to convey the troops to
-England, to replace King James on the throne. When this menace of
-invasion was given, the EARL OF MEATH'S and several other regiments
-embarked at Waterford for England, and landing at Bristol,
-proceeded from thence to Portsmouth. Meanwhile the British and
-Dutch fleets had put to sea, and while the nations of Europe were
-gazing, in anxious expectation, at these preparations, the French
-navy was nearly annihilated in a decisive action off La Hogue, when
-the alarm of invasion ceased.
-
-Soon after this victory a powerful armament was placed under the
-orders of Lieut.-General Meinhardt Duke of Leinster (afterwards
-Duke Schomberg) for the purpose of making a descent on the coast of
-France, and the EARL OF MEATH'S regiment was one of the corps which
-embarked on this service. The court of France had, however, drawn
-so immense a number of troops to the coast, that it was not thought
-advisable to land, and the fleet sailed to the Downs, where orders
-were received for a number of regiments to proceed to Flanders.
-The transports sailed to Ostend, where the EARL OF MEATH'S and
-several other corps landed, and being joined by a detachment from
-the confederate army under King William, they took and fortified
-the towns of Furnes and Dixmude. This service being completed, the
-regiment embarked for England; it encountered a severe storm at
-sea, and the transports were separated, but no loss was sustained;
-part of the regiment arrived in the Thames, the remainder landed at
-Harwich, and the whole were united at Bristol.
-
-The Earl of Meath, being desirous of devoting his attention to the
-interests of Ireland, retired from the regiment, and was succeeded
-in the colonelcy by the lieut.-colonel, FREDERICK HAMILTON; Major
-Ormsby was promoted Lieut.-Colonel, and Captain Richard Stearne
-Major.
-
-[Sidenote: 1693]
-
-From Bristol the regiment marched in May, 1693, to Portsmouth,
-where it embarked on board the fleet to serve as marines, and
-in June sailed to Torbay, where the Dutch squadron joined. The
-first service undertaken was the protection of about four hundred
-merchant ships belonging to England, Holland, Denmark, Sweden,
-Hamburg, and Flanders, engaged in the Mediterranean trade. As
-the fleet proceeded through the Channel, it presented a splendid
-appearance. Captain Parker states--"All the sea, from the line of
-battle to our English coast, seemed as a floating wood covered
-with canvass; and as the weather was very fair, the whole made a
-most glorious appearance." After protecting the merchant-vessels
-through the Bay of Biscay, the grand fleet returned, leaving a
-squadron under Admiral Sir George Rooke, to continue the voyage
-with them. The French monarch had made powerful efforts to send
-to sea a formidable fleet, which attempted to intercept the
-merchantmen and convoy under Sir George Rooke. The English admiral
-avoided an engagement with so superior a force, and brought off the
-greater part of his fleet; but many valuable vessels were captured
-or destroyed by the enemy. On receiving news of this event, the
-combined fleets of England and Holland attempted to intercept the
-French naval force, but it got safe into port.
-
-In the autumn the regiment landed and marched to Norwich.
-
-During the campaign of this year, the confederate army in Flanders
-had sustained severe loss at the battle of _Landen_, and efforts
-were made to increase its numbers, for which purpose Colonel
-HAMILTON'S regiment was ordered to proceed abroad. It marched to
-London in December, was reviewed by King William in Hyde Park, and
-embarking on the Thames, sailed to Ostend, where it landed, and
-was stationed several months.
-
-[Sidenote: 1694]
-
-Taking the field in the spring of 1694, the regiment proceeded to
-the vicinity of Louvain, where it was reviewed by the King, and
-afterwards took part in the operations of the army. At the camp
-near Ramilies it was formed in brigade under Major-General Ramsay,
-and posted between two divisions of cavalry, in the left wing; it
-afterwards shared in many toilsome marches, also formed part of the
-covering army during the siege of _Huy_, and subsequently marched
-into winter quarters at Ghent.
-
-During this campaign a question arose respecting the rank of
-regiments, and the King directed the subject to be submitted to
-a board of general officers.[14] Captain Parker states,--"As the
-general officers were most of them colonels of regiments raised
-in England by King James II., they showed great partiality on
-this occasion, for they would not allow the regiments, raised in
-Scotland or Ireland, to have any rank in the army previous to the
-time of their coming to England and entering upon English pay. By
-this regulation, ours, that had been regimented in the time of King
-Charles II., lost rank of eleven regiments, that had been raised
-by King James II. The King thought it very hard; but as he had
-left the matter to them, he confirmed their sentence." The rank
-of the regiment was thus fixed as EIGHTEENTH in the British line;
-numerical titles were, however, not generally used until the reign
-of George II.[15]
-
-[Sidenote: 1695]
-
-Taking the field to serve the campaign of 1695, the regiment
-was formed in brigade with the Fifth, Seventh, Twenty-third,
-Collingwood's (afterwards disbanded), and La Melonière's
-regiment of French Protestants, in the English service, under
-Brigadier-General Fitzpatrick.
-
-When King William undertook the siege of the important fortress of
-_Namur_, the regiment formed part of the covering army under the
-Prince of Vaudemont, against which a French force of very superior
-numbers advanced under the orders of Marshal Villeroy. During the
-night of the 14th of July, the hostile columns confronted each
-other; the French, confident of success, detached a body of troops
-to gain the rear of the allies, and anxiously waited for daylight
-to commence the action. The Prince of Vaudemont ordered his cavalry
-forward; the dragoons dismounting and forming on foot, while the
-artillery, and infantry with pikes trailed, withdrew unobserved.
-The French prepared for the attack, when the dragoons of the
-confederate forces retired a few paces, mounted their horses, and
-retreated, presenting to the surprised French what appeared to be
-the magic spectacle of an army vanishing out of sight. The enemy
-pursued, but the allies retreated in good order, and took up a
-position in front of Ghent. This retreat has been celebrated by
-historians as a fine specimen of the art of war.
-
-The EIGHTEENTH were afterwards engaged in several manœuvres for
-the preservation of the maritime towns of Flanders; in the early
-part of August they were encamped between Genappe and Waterloo,
-and afterwards joined the forces under King William. In the mean
-time the town of Namur had surrendered; but the castle, a strong
-fortress situate on a rock, still held out, and, on the 11th of
-August, the EIGHTEENTH relieved one of the regiments which had
-suffered severely in the siege, and took its turn of duty in the
-trenches. A breach having been effected, arrangements were made
-for a general assault. Three thousand British, under Lord Cutts,
-were to attack the counterscarp and the breach of the Terra Nova;
-three thousand Bavarians the breach of the Cohorn; two thousand
-Brandenburgers (Prussians) the upper point of the Cohorn; two
-thousand Dutch the Casotte; and six hundred men were to storm the
-lower town: the EIGHTEENTH formed part of the British storming
-party.
-
-The regiment marched into the trenches on the 20th of August, to
-take part in storming the Castle of Namur, and the soldiers were
-elated with the expectation of distinguishing themselves under the
-eye of their Sovereign. The trenches being crowded with troops, the
-EIGHTEENTH and two other regiments were ordered to Salsine Abbey,
-half a mile from the breach to be attacked. A little before mid-day
-the assault was made with heroic ardour, but, owing to some mistake
-in the signal, all the corps did not advance simultaneously, and
-the British grenadiers, who headed the storming party, were
-opposed by very superior numbers, and sustained severe loss; Lord
-Cutts being among the wounded. Hurrying from Salsine Abbey to share
-in the assault, the EIGHTEENTH approached the scene of conflict
-a few moments after the grenadiers had been repulsed and forced
-to retire; the regiment, however, rushed forward, stormed the
-breach with signal gallantry, and planted the regimental colours
-on the summit; but the enemy had constructed a strong work within
-the breach, which the utmost efforts of the officers and soldiers
-could not force, and after performing "prodigies of valour" they
-were obliged to retreat with severe loss. The other attacks were
-more successful; and lodgments were effected in the works. Captain
-Parker states--"The King saw this action from a rising ground at
-the back of Salsine Abbey, and _took particular notice of the
-behaviour of our regiment; for ours, only, mounted the top of the
-breach, and we planted our colours thereon_, but could not proceed
-farther, because a strong retrenchment had been thrown up on the
-inside, which we could not see till we had mounted the very top of
-the breach, so we were obliged to follow the crowd. His Majesty,
-on this occasion, was pleased to honour us with the title of 'THE
-ROYAL REGIMENT OF FOOT OF IRELAND.'"[16] The King also conferred
-on the regiment the privilege of bearing his own arms, "THE LION
-OF NASSAU," on its colours (on which the cross of St. Patrick had
-previously been displayed); also the "HARP IN A BLUE FIELD AND A
-CROWN OVER IT," and the motto, "_Virtutis Namurcensis Præmium_."
-
-The title was afterwards changed to "ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT."
-
-The regiment sustained severe loss on this occasion; Lieut.-Colonel
-Ormsby, Captains Purefoy, Pinsent, and Cateret, Lieutenants
-Fitzmorris and Ramme, Ensigns Fettyplace, Blunt, Baker, and
-Hayter, with eighty-six non-commissioned officers and soldiers,
-were killed: Captain John Southwell and Ensign Lister died of
-their wounds; Colonel Frederick Hamilton, Captains Kane, Duroure,
-Seymour, and William Southwell, Lieutenants La Planche, Brereton,
-Hybert, Arphaxad, and Rolleston, Ensigns John Gifford, Ormsby,
-and Blakeney, with one hundred and eighty-five non-commissioned
-officers and soldiers, were wounded.[17]
-
-The fire against the castle was continued, and preparations were
-made for another assault, which was prevented by the surrender of
-the garrison. Thus was captured the celebrated fortress of _Namur_,
-which reflected great credit on the confederate armies.
-
-This conquest terminated the campaign, and the regiment passed the
-winter in garrison at Ghent.
-
-[Sidenote: 1696]
-
-During the campaign of 1696, the regiment served with the army of
-Flanders under the Prince of Vaudemont; and was formed in brigade
-with a battalion of the Royals, the third, fifth, and seventeenth
-regiments under Brigadier-General Selwyn; and its services were
-limited to the protection of Ghent, Bruges, and the maritime towns
-of Flanders. In the autumn it returned to Ghent.
-
-[Sidenote: 1697]
-
-Leaving Ghent in the spring of 1697, the regiment joined the army
-of Brabant under King William, and took part in the movements of
-this campaign; which were terminated by the treaty of Ryswick, when
-the British monarch saw his efforts for the liberty of Europe, and
-the preservation of the Protestant religion, attended with success.
-
-On the termination of hostilities, the regiment marched to Ghent,
-where it was quartered several weeks, and on the 10th of December
-embarked at Ostend for Ireland. As two of the transports approached
-the Irish coast, they were chased by a Sallee man-of-war of
-eighteen guns, carrying Zealand colours. Seeing his brave soldiers
-in danger of being made slaves, Lieut.-Colonel Stearne called them
-on deck; the whole resolved on a desperate defence; and it was
-arranged that when the Sallee man-of-war attacked one transport,
-the other should come to its assistance, and the enemy should be
-boarded by the soldiers sword in hand, not doubting but that they
-would overpower the Turks and Moors, and capture the ship. With
-this view the soldiers were kept out of sight to induce the enemy
-to make an attack, and every man was ready for action. "The Sallee
-man-of-war kept us company about an hour, and was once, as we
-thought, coming up to board us; however, she thought better of it,
-fell astern, and stood off without firing a shot."[18] During the
-following night the two transports narrowly escaped destruction
-from a storm; they afterwards arrived safe in Bantry Bay; the
-soldiers landed on the 24th of December, and marched to Cork, where
-the regiment was assembled.
-
-[Sidenote: 1699]
-
-From Cork the regiment marched, in July, 1698, to Waterford; in the
-spring of 1699 it proceeded to Dublin, and in 1700 it was removed
-to Kinsale.
-
-[Sidenote: 1700]
-
-Pursuing those schemes of aggrandizement which had repeatedly
-involved Europe in war, Louis XIV. procured the accession of
-his grandson, Philip Duke of Anjou, to the throne of Spain, in
-violation of existing treaties; seized on the Spanish Netherlands;
-and made prisoners the Dutch troops in garrison in the barrier
-towns. The sudden acquisition of the Spanish monarchy by a grandson
-of the most ambitious and potent monarch of Europe, with the
-prospect of France and Spain being eventually united under one
-sovereign, affected the interests and agitated the public mind of
-all countries.
-
-[Sidenote: 1701]
-
-War was resolved upon: the standing armies were augmented; and
-while the din of hostile preparation was heard on every side, the
-ROYAL IRISH regiment was placed upon a war establishment, and
-embarked for Holland, where it arrived, with several other corps,
-in July, 1701, and was placed in garrison at Huesden. On the 21st
-of September it was reviewed on Breda-heath by King William III.
-
-[Sidenote: 1702]
-
-Quitting Huesden in March, 1702, the regiment proceeded to
-Rosendael, where the British infantry was assembled under
-Brigadier-General Ingoldsby; and at this place the troops received
-information of the death of King William III., on the 8th of March,
-and of the accession of Queen Anne.
-
-From Rosendael the regiment marched to the duchy of Cleves, and
-formed part of the army encamped at Cranenburg during the siege of
-_Kayserswerth_, on the Lower Rhine, by the Germans. A French force
-of very superior numbers attempting to cut off the communication
-of the army at Cranenburg with _Nimeguen_, the troops struck their
-tents on the 10th of June, and by a forced march during the night
-arrived within a few miles of Nimeguen as the French legions
-approached. Some sharp fighting occurred, in which the British
-corps in the rear-guard evinced great gallantry, and the army
-effected its retreat under the works of the fortress.
-
-Additional forces having arrived from England, the EARL OF
-MARLBOROUGH[19] assumed the command of the allied army, and by a
-series of skilful movements he forced the French army to make a
-precipitate retreat from the frontiers of Holland to their own
-lines, and he twice attempted to bring on a general engagement
-under advantageous circumstances, but was restrained by the Dutch
-field deputies. The French forces having fled to their lines, the
-English General resolved to attack their fortified towns, and
-the ROYAL IRISH regiment was one of the corps detached from the
-main army to undertake the siege of the fortress of _Venloo_,
-situate on the east side of the river Maese, in the province
-of Limburg.[20] On the west side of the river was a detached
-fortification of five bastions, called _Fort St. Michael_, against
-which the British troops carried on their approaches;--the Dutch
-and Germans attacking other parts of the town: the whole were
-under Veldt-Marshal Prince Nassau-Saarbruck. The approaches being
-carried to the foot of the glacis, orders were given to storm the
-covered-way, and make a lodgment on the top of the glacis; and the
-ROYAL IRISH regiment, being on duty in the trenches at the time,
-was appointed to make the attack, together with the grenadiers of
-the brigade, and a party of chosen fusiliers. Captain Parker has
-given the following account of this attack:--
-
-"The Lord Cutts sent for all the officers, and told them, the
-design was to drive the enemy from the covered-way, that they might
-not disturb the workmen in making a lodgment; however, if the enemy
-gave way with precipitation, we were to jump into the covered-way,
-and pursue them, let the consequence be what it would. We all
-thought these were very rash orders, contrary both to the rules of
-war, and the design of the attack.
-
-"About four in the afternoon (18th September), the signal was
-given, and, according to our orders, we rushed up the covered-way;
-the enemy gave us one scattering fire, and away they ran: we jumped
-into the covered-way, and ran after them. They made to a ravelin,
-which covered the curtain of the fort, in which were a captain and
-sixty men. We, seeing them get into the ravelin, pursued them, got
-in with them, and soon put most of them to the sword. They that
-escaped us fled over a small wooden bridge, that led over the moat
-to the fort; and here, like madmen, without fear or wit, we pursued
-them over that tottering bridge, exposed to the fire of the great
-and small shot of the fort. However, we got over the fausse-braye,
-where we had nothing for it but to take the fort or die. They that
-fled before us climbed up by the long grass that grew out of the
-fort; so we climbed after them. Here we were hard put to it to pull
-out the palisades, which pointed down upon us from the parapet,
-and, was it not for the great surprise and consternation of those
-within, we could never have surmounted this very point: but, as
-soon as they saw us at this work, they quitted the rampart, and
-retired down to the parade in the body of the fort, where they
-laid down their arms and cried for quarter, which was readily
-granted them. Thus were the unaccountable orders of Lord Cutts as
-unaccountably executed, to the great surprise of the whole army,
-and even of ourselves, when we came to reflect on what we had done."
-
-The enemy had about four hundred killed, and two hundred made
-prisoners. The British loss, in killed and wounded, did not exceed
-forty men.
-
-Captain Parker, of the ROYAL IRISH regiment, adds,--"This affair
-was the occasion of another almost as surprising. An express came
-to Prince Nassau which gave an account that Landau was taken;
-whereupon he ordered the army to draw down near the town, to
-fire three rounds (as a feu de-joie); the cannon also of all the
-batteries, the mortars, and cohorns, were ordered to fire, with
-the troops, into the town. When the garrison and inhabitants saw
-us drawing down on all sides, they judged it was with a design of
-making such an attack on the town as we had made on the fort, which
-struck such a terror into them, that the magistrates begged the
-Governor to capitulate, and not suffer them all to be put to the
-sword. The first round of all our batteries, and the small shot of
-the army, so affrighted them, that men, women, and children, came
-flocking to the ramparts with white cloths in their hands, crying,
-'Mercy! mercy!' and the Governor, in as great a consternation
-as the rest, sent out an officer to the Prince to desire a
-capitulation, which was immediately granted; as we had other sieges
-to carry on this season, the Prince allowed them honourable terms."
-
-After the capture of Venloo, the regiment was employed in the siege
-of the fortress of _Ruremonde_, which was captured in a short time;
-and Stevenswart having also been reduced by a detachment from the
-covering army, the navigation of the Maese was thus cleared of the
-enemy up to Maestricht.
-
-Rejoining the main army after this achievement, the regiment
-advanced towards the city of _Liège_, the French forces retiring
-as the British approached, but leaving a strong garrison in the
-citadel and Chartreuse. The ROYAL IRISH regiment was employed
-in the siege of the citadel of Liège, and its grenadier company
-had the honour to take part in the capture of that fortress by
-storm, on the 23rd of October, when the British soldiers highly
-distinguished themselves. They were permitted to appropriate a
-large quantity of dollars and silver plate, captured on this
-occasion, to their own use.
-
-From the pleasant valley of Liège, the regiment commenced its
-march, on the 3rd of November, back to Holland, and passed the
-winter in garrison at Huesden.
-
-[Sidenote: 1703]
-
-Quitting its winter quarters in April, 1703, the regiment traversed
-the country to Maestricht, and was in position near that city when
-the French forces, under Marshals Villeroy and Boufflers, made a
-sudden advance to surprise the British troops in their quarters,
-but were defeated in their design.
-
-The DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH assembled the army near Maestricht, and
-the ROYAL IRISH regiment was formed in brigade with the eighth,
-thirteenth, seventeenth, and thirty-third, under its colonel,
-Brigadier-General F. Hamilton; and it advanced with the army
-towards Tongres, when the French quitted their post and eventually
-retired within their fortified lines, where the English General
-was desirous of attacking them, but was prevented by the Dutch
-commanders and field deputies. The services of the regiment were
-afterwards connected with the siege of _Huy_, which fortress was
-captured in ten days.
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment formed part of the covering army during
-the siege of _Limburg_, which was commenced on the 10th of
-September, and on the 27th of that month the Governor surrendered.
-Spanish Guelderland being thus delivered from the power of France,
-the Dutch were freed from the danger of an invasion.
-
-After taking part in these services the regiment marched to Breda:
-during the severe frosts of winter it proceeded to Bergen-op-Zoom,
-to reinforce the garrison of that fortress, and afterwards returned
-to Breda, from whence it detached three hundred men to Maestricht,
-to join the garrison of that city, while the Dutch soldiers were
-working at the entrenchments on the heights of Petersberg.
-
-[Sidenote: 1704]
-
-Meanwhile the united French and Bavarian armies had gained
-considerable advantage in Germany, and the Duke of Marlborough
-resolved to lead his British brigades from the ocean to the Danube,
-to rescue the Emperor of Germany from the menaced danger. To engage
-in this splendid undertaking, the ROYAL IRISH regiment marched
-from Breda on the 5th of May, N.S., and proceeded towards the
-Rhine; being joined at Bedburg by the detachment from Maestricht.
-Continuing its route, the regiment proceeded to Coblentz, where
-it passed the Moselle and the Rhine, and afterwards traversed the
-minor states of Germany towards the seat of war on the Danube;
-all Europe being surprised at the ability evinced by the British
-commander in conducting this daring enterprise.
-
-Having united with the forces of the Empire, the British advanced
-on the 2nd of July to attack a body of French and Bavarians
-under Count d'Arco, in an entrenched camp on the heights of
-_Schellenberg_, on the left bank of the Danube. About six in the
-evening the leading division, of which a detachment of the ROYAL
-IRISH regiment formed part, moved forward under a heavy fire, and
-attacked the enemy's entrenchments with distinguished gallantry.
-The enemy made a determined resistance, and the assailants were
-repulsed; but the attack was renewed with heroic courage, and,
-after a protracted contest, the Germans co-operated in the attack,
-when the entrenchments were forced, and the French and Bavarians
-driven from the heights with great slaughter. The British cavalry,
-charging, completed the discomfiture of the enemy, and sixteen
-pieces of ordnance, a number of standards and colours, with the
-enemy's tents, and the equipage and plate of the Count d'Arco, were
-captured.
-
-The regiment had one serjeant and eleven rank and file killed;
-Captain Lea, Ensigns Gilman, Walsh, and Pensant, three serjeants,
-and thirty-two rank and file wounded.[21]
-
-The victory at Schellenberg was followed by the flight of the enemy
-from Donawerth; and the regiment was engaged in the operations
-of the army which penetrated Bavaria, and captured _Rayn_ after
-a short siege. The Elector of Bavaria formed an entrenched camp
-at Augsburg, to which city the allied army advanced; but found
-the enemy's camp too strong to be attacked with any prospect of
-success, and the troops retired a short distance. The siege of
-_Ingoldstadt_ was commenced by the Germans, and the ROYAL IRISH
-regiment formed part of the covering army.
-
-Quitting his camp at Augsburg, the Elector of Bavaria joined a
-strong body of French troops sent to reinforce his army, and the
-united divisions encamped in the valley of the Danube, near the
-village of _Blenheim_.
-
-At three o'clock on the morning of the memorable 13th of August,
-1704, the allied army advanced towards the enemy, and about three
-o'clock in the afternoon the British developed their attack
-against the French brigades posted in the village of Blenheim;
-thus commencing an engagement in which the English troops acquired
-great distinction. The village being found strongly fortified,
-it was environed by a few corps, and the army passed the little
-river Nebel to attack the enemy's lines. The ROYAL IRISH regiment
-directed its attacks against the right wing of the Gallo-Bavarian
-army, and was engaged with the chosen troops of France, under
-Marshal Tallard; its heroic conduct reflected the highest lustre
-on the British arms, and it contributed materially to the complete
-overthrow and discomfiture of the opposing host. The French were
-chased from the field with great slaughter, and the loss of their
-cannon, baggage, and many troops captured, including the brigades
-posted in the village of Blenheim: Marshal Tallard, and several
-officers of distinction, were among the prisoners. The left wing of
-the enemy was also overpowered by the Germans, and the victory was
-complete and decisive: the powerful armies of France and Bavaria
-being literally destroyed. Thus, on the banks of the Danube, was
-achieved by British valour a trophy which will serve as a monument
-to commemorate the national glory to the end of time. The conduct
-of the brave soldiers who conquered in the interior of Germany
-was the admiration of surrounding states, and has been lauded by
-numerous historians: the DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH was elevated to the
-dignity of a PRINCE of the ROMAN EMPIRE.
-
-The loss of the ROYAL IRISH regiment was Captains Brown, Rolleston,
-and Vaughan, Ensign Moyle, five serjeants, and fifty-two rank and
-file killed; Major Kane, Captains Lepenitor and Hussey, Lieutenants
-Smith, Roberts, Blakeney, and Harvey, Ensign Trips, nine serjeants,
-and eighty-seven rank and file wounded.[22]
-
-From the Danube, the regiment traversed the country to the
-banks of the Rhine, crossed that river at Philipsburg on the
-7th of September, and formed part of the covering army encamped
-at Croon-Weissemberg during the siege of _Landau_, which was
-undertaken by the Germans. When the siege drew towards a close, the
-regiment marched to Germersheim, where it embarked in boats on the
-Rhine, and in twelve days arrived at Nimeguen, where it landed,
-and, marching to Ruremonde, passed the winter at that place.
-
-[Illustration: EIGHTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-THE BATTLE OF BLENHEIM.
-
-Aug^t the 13^{th} 1704.
-
-_J.M. Jopling del^t_
-
-_Madeley lith 3 Wellington S^t Strand_
-
-_For Cannon's Military Records_]
-
-[Sidenote: 1705]
-
-Brigadier-General Hamilton, having become advanced in years,
-retired from active service, and was permitted to dispose of the
-colonelcy of the regiment to Lieut.-General Ingoldsby, from the
-twenty-third foot, who was appointed colonel of the ROYAL IRISH
-regiment by commission dated the 1st of April, 1705.
-
-From Ruremonde the regiment marched to the vicinity of Maestricht,
-where it joined the army; and afterwards proceeded by Juliers,
-through a mountainous country, to the valley of the Moselle, where
-it encamped near the city of Treves. The army passed the Moselle
-and the Saar in the early part of June, with the view of carrying
-on the war in that direction; but the Duke of Marlborough, being
-disappointed of the co-operation of the Germans, marched his
-army back to the Netherlands, which occasioned the soldiers much
-fatigue. On arriving at the Maese, a detachment was employed in
-recapturing _Huy_, which the enemy had taken during the absence of
-the army up the Moselle.
-
-A formidable barrier of forts and entrenchments had been
-constructed with great labour and expense to arrest the progress of
-the British General; but by menacing the lines to the south of the
-Mehaine, to draw the French army to that quarter, and afterwards
-making a forced march to the right during the night of the 17th
-of July, these stupendous works were passed at _Helixem_ and
-_Neer-Hespen_, with little opposition; and the French and Bavarian
-troops, which hurried to the spot to drive back the leading corps
-of the allied army, were repulsed with severe loss. The ROYAL
-IRISH regiment was formed in brigade on this occasion with the
-twenty-fourth, twenty-ninth, and Temple's (afterwards disbanded),
-under Brigadier-General Webb, and, being in the main body of the
-army, did not sustain any loss. After this brilliant success, the
-designs of the British commander were frustrated by the opposition
-of the Dutch Generals, and little further advantage was gained.
-
-The regiment returned to Holland for winter quarters, and was
-stationed at Worcum.
-
-[Sidenote: 1706]
-
-Taking the field in May, 1706, the regiment proceeded to the
-general rendezvous of the army near Tongres, and, advancing from
-thence in the direction of Mont St. André, on Whit-Sunday the 23rd
-of May, the British commander discovered a powerful French army,
-under Marshal Villeroy and the Elector of Bavaria, in position at
-that place, with their centre at the village of _Ramilies_, which
-was occupied by a considerable body of troops.
-
-Diverging into the plain, the allied army formed line and advanced
-towards the enemy; the ROYAL IRISH regiment, being in the right
-wing, formed on the heights of Foulz, and, descending into the low
-grounds near the Little Gheet river, menaced the enemy's left, at
-Autreglise and Offuz, with an attack. This movement occasioned the
-enemy to weaken his centre to support his left flank, when the
-Duke of Marlborough instantly reinforced his centre, and made a
-determined attack upon the enemy's position at the weakened point.
-For some time the officers and soldiers of the ROYAL IRISH regiment
-were spectators of the fight; but at a critical moment they were
-brought forward, and they contributed to the complete overthrow
-of the forces of France, Spain, and Bavaria. The warlike brigades
-of the enemy, a few hours before so formidable and menacing,
-were driven from the field with great slaughter, and the loss of
-many officers and soldiers taken prisoners, also of their cannon
-and many standards and colours. After pursuing the fugitives
-a considerable distance, the regiment halted for the night,
-surrounded by the ensanguined trophies of this day of glorious
-triumph to the British arms.
-
-Retreating to Louvain, the broken remains of the enemy's splendid
-army halted a short time, and soon afterwards abandoned that city,
-and also Lierre, Ghent, Damme, and Bruges. The magistrates of
-these towns, together with those of Brussels, Malines, and Alost,
-renounced their allegiance to the Duke of Anjou, and declared
-in favour of the House of Austria. The garrisons of Oudenarde
-and Antwerp surrendered; Ostend withstood a short siege and then
-capitulated. Thus the successes of the allied arms were splendid
-beyond all precedent.
-
-Towards the end of July, the ROYAL IRISH regiment was detached
-from the main army to take part in the siege of the fortress of
-_Menin_, which was considered one of the masterpieces of VAUBAN,
-the celebrated French engineer, and was provided with a numerous
-garrison well supplied with everything necessary for a protracted
-defence. The garrison disputed every yard of ground with sanguinary
-tenacity; but the allies carried on the siege with vigour, and
-brought their approaches to the foot of the glacis, where a
-storming party was assembled to attack the covered-way. The ROYAL
-IRISH regiment was appointed to take part in this service. The
-signal being given, the assailants rushed forward to the palisades,
-and threw a shower of hand-grenades into the covered-way; then,
-entering amidst the confusion, overthrew all opposition. General
-Stearne states,--"This proved warm service; for though we drove the
-enemy at once out of the counterscarp, they sprung two mines upon
-us, and from their works plied us with a most violent fire, which
-we lay exposed to until our workmen had thrown up an entrenchment
-sufficient to cover us. In this action our regiment had six
-officers and upwards of eighty soldiers killed and wounded."[23]
-
-The Governor, finding himself unable to arrest the progress of the
-besieging force, surrendered.
-
-The fortress of _Aeth_ was afterwards captured, and this event
-terminated the campaign. Thus fortresses which had resisted
-powerful armies for months and years, and provinces disputed
-for ages, were the conquests of a summer: the nations of Europe
-witnessing with astonishment the splendid achievements of the
-forces under the Duke of Marlborough. After sharing in the
-brilliant successes of this campaign, the ROYAL IRISH regiment
-passed the winter at Ghent.
-
-[Sidenote: 1707]
-
-In May, 1707, the regiment again took the field, and was formed
-in brigade with the second battalion of the Royals, the eighth,
-twenty-fourth, and Temple's regiments, under Brigadier-General Sir
-Richard Temple (afterwards Viscount Cobham). During this campaign,
-the French army avoided a general engagement, and the summer was
-passed by the opposing armies in manœuvring and watching each
-other's movements. In the autumn, the regiment marched to the
-castle of Ghent, of which its commanding officer, Colonel Stearne,
-was appointed governor.
-
-[Sidenote: 1708]
-
-Finding his armies beaten on the continent, the French monarch
-fitted out an expedition for the purpose of landing the Pretender
-in Scotland, to embroil Great Britain in civil war; and the
-EIGHTEENTH regiment was one of the corps ordered home to repel the
-invaders: it embarked from Ostend in the middle of March, 1708, and
-sailed to the river Tyne; but the English fleet chased the French
-squadron from the British coast, and the regiment returned to
-Flanders.
-
-When the opposing armies took the field, the French had obtained
-possession of Ghent and Bruges by treachery; but the English
-General surprised the French on the march near _Oudenarde_ on
-the 11th of June, and gained a decisive victory. The EIGHTEENTH
-regiment formed part of the leading brigade of the van of the army,
-under Major-General Cadogan, and with the eighth, twenty-third, and
-thirty-seventh regiments, descended from the high grounds between
-Eyne and Bevere, forded a rivulet, and attacked seven battalions
-of the Swiss regiments of Pfeffer, Villars, and Gueder, which had
-taken post at Eyne: after a sharp contest British valour prevailed,
-and Brigadier-General Pfeffer, with three entire battalions,
-were made prisoners of war: the remainder were either killed,
-or intercepted in their attempt to escape, and made prisoners.
-The EIGHTEENTH afterwards attacked a body of troops posted in
-the enclosures, and soon drove the French from their ground. As
-the regiment was advancing in pursuit, a numerous body of French
-cavalry menaced it in front and flank, and it fell back to the
-hedges, where it repulsed the French horsemen. Other British
-brigades arriving, the whole advanced; a fierce conflict of
-musketry ensued, and charge succeeded charge until darkness put an
-end to the conflict, and thus saved the French army from complete
-annihilation. The enemy made a precipitate retreat during the
-night.
-
-Lieut.-Colonel Stearne commanded the regiment on this occasion, and
-he states in his journal,--"Our regiment, though the first that
-engaged, had only one lieutenant and eight men killed, and twelve
-men wounded."
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment formed part of the force employed in
-the siege of the important fortress of _Lisle_, the capital of
-French Flanders, and the regiment had numerous opportunities of
-distinguishing itself during the long and determined defence made
-by a numerous garrison under Marshal Boufflers. The citadel did
-not surrender until the 9th of December. The EIGHTEENTH had two
-captains and three subalterns killed, the major and several other
-officers wounded, and two hundred non-commissioned officers and
-soldiers killed and wounded.
-
-[Sidenote: 1709]
-
-A strong detachment of recruits replaced the losses of the
-regiment, and it was in a highly efficient state when it took
-the field to serve the campaign of 1709. The Duke of Marlborough
-menaced the French army with an attack, which occasioned
-Marshal Villars to weaken the garrisons of the fortified towns
-to strengthen the army in the field, when the allies besieged
-_Tournay_. The EIGHTEENTH were detached, under the Prince of
-Orange, to drive the French detachment from Mortagne and St.
-Amand, and, having accomplished this service, joined the besieging
-army, and carried on its approaches at the seven fountains. The
-regiment was engaged in storming the breaches in the Ravelin and
-Half-Moon; and on the 29th of July it was in readiness to take part
-in storming the town, which was prevented by the surrender of the
-place, the garrison retiring into the citadel.
-
-The EIGHTEENTH took part in the siege of the citadel of Tournay,
-which was celebrated for the extent of its underground works.
-Captain Parker, of the regiment, states in his journal,--"Our
-approaches against this citadel were carried on mostly underground,
-by sinking pits several fathom deep, and working from thence until
-we came to their casemates and mines. These extended a great way
-from the body of the citadel, and in them our men and the enemy
-frequently met, and fought with sword and pistol. We could not
-prevent them springing several mines which blew up some of our
-batteries, guns and all, and a great many men, in particular a
-captain, lieutenant, and forty (the London Gazette says thirty) men
-of our regiment." The EIGHTEENTH lost a lieutenant and several men
-in the combats underground; and ten grenadiers were suffocated in
-one of the galleries. In the early part of September the governor
-surrendered.
-
-From Tournay the army marched in the direction of Mons, and, the
-French taking up a position near _Malplaquet_, a general engagement
-took place on the 11th of September, when the enemy was forced from
-his entrenchments with loss. Captain Parker states,--"The part
-which our regiment acted in this battle was something remarkable.
-We happened to be the last of the regiments which had been left
-at Tournay to level the approaches, and did not come up till the
-lines were formed. We were ordered to draw up on the right of the
-army, opposite a skirt of the wood of Sart, and, when the army
-advanced to attack the enemy, we entered the wood in our front. We
-continued marching till we came to a small plain, on the opposite
-side of which we perceived a battalion of the enemy drawn up, a
-skirt of the wood being in its rear. Colonel Kane, who was then
-at the head of the regiment, having drawn us up, and formed our
-platoons, advanced towards the enemy, with the six platoons of
-our first fire made ready. When we arrived within a hundred paces
-of them, they gave us a fire of one of their ranks; whereupon we
-halted, and returned them the fire of our six platoons at once, and
-immediately made ready the six platoons of our second fire, and
-advanced upon them again. They then gave us the fire of another
-rank; and we returned them a second fire, which made them shrink;
-however they gave us the fire of a third rank, after a scattering
-manner, and then retired into the wood in great disorder; on
-which we sent our third fire after them and saw them no more.
-We advanced up to the ground which they had quitted, and found
-several of them killed and wounded; and among the latter was one
-Lieutenant O'Sulivan, who told us the battalion we had engaged
-was the 'ROYAL REGIMENT OF IRELAND.'[24] Here, therefore, was a
-fair trial between the TWO ROYAL REGIMENTS OF IRELAND, one in the
-BRITISH and the other in the FRENCH service; for we met each other
-upon equal terms, and there was none else to interpose. We had but
-four men killed and six wounded; and found near forty of them on
-the spot killed and wounded. The advantage on our side will be
-easily accounted for, first from the weight of our ball; for the
-French arms carry bullets of 24 to the pound, whereas our British
-firelocks carry ball of 16 only to the pound, which will make a
-considerable difference in the execution: again, the manner of our
-firing was different from theirs; the French, at that time, fired
-all by ranks, which can never do equal execution with our platoon
-firing."
-
-Lieut.-Colonel Stearne gives nearly the same particulars, and
-adds--"We marched into the wood after them (the Royal Irish in
-the French service); and when we had got through, we found our
-army mounting the enemy's last entrenchments, and our brother
-_harpers_[25] scoured off as fast as their heels could carry them.
-Thus ended this great and terrible battle, which was the most
-obstinate engagement on both sides that has been known in the
-memory of man: the killed and wounded on both sides was very great."
-
-The EIGHTEENTH were afterwards employed in covering the siege of
-_Mons_, and passed the winter in quarters at Ghent.
-
-[Sidenote: 1710]
-
-From Ghent the regiment advanced on the 14th of April, 1710,
-and took part in the operations by which the French lines were
-passed at _Pont-à-Vendin_; and also formed part of the covering
-army during the siege of _Douay_, and also during the siege of
-_Bethune_; and was afterwards detached, under the Prince of
-Anhalt, to attack the town of _Aire_, situate on the banks of the
-river Lys. In the siege of this place many difficulties had to be
-overcome, from the nature of the ground, and from the determined
-defence of a numerous garrison: the EIGHTEENTH regiment had three
-officers killed, and five wounded; also about eighty soldiers
-killed and wounded. The garrison surrendered on the 9th of
-November; and the regiment, afterwards returned to Ghent.[26]
-
-[Sidenote: 1711]
-
-The ROYAL IRISH again took the field in April, 1711, and were
-employed in the operations by which the boasted impregnable French
-lines were passed at _Arleux_, and the opportunity of attacking the
-fortified town of _Bouchain_, situated on both sides of the river
-_Scheldt_, was ensured. The regiment formed part of a detachment of
-twenty battalions, commanded by Lieut.-General the Earl of Orkney,
-which took post on the north and north-west side of the town
-and river, and advanced to drive the French from the heights of
-Wavrechin. Captain Parker states, "Our British grenadiers marched
-to the top of the hill on the left of their works, in order to
-begin the attack on that side: here we were posted in a field of
-wheat, about seventy or eighty paces from their works, expecting
-every moment the signal to fall on. I must confess I did not like
-the aspect of the thing: we plainly saw their entrenchment was a
-perfect bulwark, strong and lofty, and crowded with men, and cannon
-pointed directly at us: we wished much that the Duke might take a
-nearer view. * * * * While I was musing, the Duke of Marlborough,
-ever watchful, ever right, rode up unattended, and posted himself
-on the right of my company of grenadiers, from whence he had a
-fair view of the greater part of the enemy's works. It is quite
-impossible for me to express the joy which the sight of this man
-gave me. I was well satisfied he would not push the thing unless he
-saw a strong probability of success; nor was this my notion alone;
-it was the sense of the whole army, both officers and soldiers,
-British and Foreigners; and, indeed, we had all the reason in the
-world for it, for he never led us on to any one action that we did
-not succeed in. He stayed only three or four minutes, and then rode
-back: we were in pain for him while he stayed, lest the enemy might
-have discovered him, and fired at him, in which case they could
-not well have missed him. He had not been longer from us than he
-stayed when orders came to us to retire. As the corn we stood in
-was high, we slipped off undiscovered, and were a good way down the
-hill before they perceived that we were retiring, and then they
-let fly all their great and small shot after us; but as we were by
-this time under the brow of the hill, all their shot went over our
-heads." This statement of a distinguished officer of the EIGHTEENTH
-regiment shows how fully the great Duke of Marlborough possessed
-the confidence of his troops.
-
-During the siege of _Bouchain_, the ROYAL IRISH regiment was
-actively engaged in the trenches and the attacks; but did not
-sustain a very severe loss. Lieut.-Colonel Stearne states,--"In
-this siege our regiment had four officers wounded but none killed,
-and about forty men killed and wounded; the grenadiers suffered
-most. Bouchain being taken, our regiment was ordered to Tournay,
-where we were quartered the remaining part of the campaign, from
-whence we escorted what provision came that way to the army which
-continued about Bouchain." In October the regiment marched to
-Lisle, where it passed the winter.
-
-[Sidenote: 1712]
-
-In February, 1712, Lieut.-General Ingoldsby died, and was succeeded
-in the colonelcy of the regiment by Lieut.-Colonel Stearne, who
-had held a commission in the corps thirty-four years, and wrote an
-account of its services.[27]
-
-From Lisle the regiment advanced in April to some high ground
-beyond Bouchain, where a camp was formed of several corps, and
-entrenchments thrown up. The ROYAL IRISH regiment afterwards joined
-the army under the orders of the Duke of Ormond, and its grenadier
-company advanced on a reconnoitring party into Picardy; but a
-suspension of hostilities took place soon afterwards, and the army
-withdrew to Ghent, where the regiment passed the winter. The power
-of France was reduced, its armies defeated, its frontier towns
-captured, its ambitious monarch was forced to sue for peace, and
-the treaty of Utrecht gave repose to Europe.
-
-[Sidenote: 1713]
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment had acquired a high reputation during the
-war; and a board of officers being assembled in London, to decide
-on the rank of regiments, Colonel Stearne sent Captain Parker
-to England to claim rank for the regiment from the date of its
-formation in 1684, which would have given it rank as FIFTH foot;
-but this was not granted, and it continued to take date and rank
-in the English army from the time of its arrival in England in the
-autumn of 1688.[28]
-
-During the winter, a very serious mutiny occurred among the troops
-stationed at Ghent, to which the soldiers were incited by a man,
-whom Captain Parker calls "a pettifogging attorney from London,"
-who had entered the EIGHTEENTH regiment. This dangerous combination
-was suppressed, and ten of the ringleaders were executed.
-
-[Sidenote: 1714]
-
-After the conclusion of the treaty of peace, the British regiments
-quitted Flanders, excepting the eighth and EIGHTEENTH, which were
-appointed to garrison the citadel of Ghent until the barrier treaty
-was signed. The Duke and Duchess of Marlborough passing through
-Ghent, the officers of the two regiments met His Grace without
-the town, to show their respect to the character of their former
-commander.
-
-[Sidenote: 1715]
-
-On the breaking out of the rebellion of the Earl of Mar, in the
-autumn of 1715, the regiment was ordered to proceed to England,
-leaving the lieut.-colonel and a hundred men in the castle of
-Ghent; it landed at Greenwich, and marched to Gloucester, where it
-was joined by the party from Ghent in February following.
-
-[Sidenote: 1716]
-
-From Gloucester the regiment marched to _Oxford_; many persons at
-this celebrated university were disaffected to the government of
-King George I., and on the Prince of Wales's birthday, when the
-officers of the regiment were assembled at one of the inns, to
-celebrate the day, they were assailed by stones thrown from a house
-on the opposite side of the street. A number of soldiers, hearing
-that their officers had been thus assailed by the Jacobites, came
-running to the spot, and soon destroyed the windows of the house
-from whence the stones had been thrown. They afterwards went from
-street to street, and broke the windows of persons who refused to
-illuminate for the Prince of Wales's birthday. The Vice-Chancellor
-sent a complaint to His Majesty's privy council, and the officers
-were called upon for an explanation. The subject was afterwards
-investigated by the House of Lords, and, after several debates,
-the university was censured for not observing the birthday of the
-Prince of Wales, afterwards King George II.
-
-[Sidenote: 1717]
-
-In May, 1717, the regiment marched to Portsmouth, where it received
-orders to hold itself in readiness to proceed abroad.
-
-Brigadier-General Stearne obtained permission to dispose of the
-colonelcy of the regiment to Lieut.-Colonel William Cosby, from the
-first troop, now first regiment of life guards.
-
-[Sidenote: 1718]
-
-Soon afterwards the regiment embarked for the island of Minorca,
-where it arrived in the early part of 1718, and it was stationed
-there many years, during which period little occurred worthy of
-being recorded.
-
-[Sidenote: 1727]
-
-In 1727, when the Spaniards besieged _Gibraltar_, a detachment from
-the regiments at Minorca proceeded to that fortress, under Colonel
-Cosby of the ROYAL IRISH regiment, to reinforce the garrison. This
-detachment took part in the successful defence of Gibraltar against
-the power of Spain, and when the siege was raised, it returned to
-Minorca.
-
-[Sidenote: 1732]
-
-[Sidenote: 1735]
-
-[Sidenote: 1742]
-
-While the regiment was at Minorca, Colonel Cosby was succeeded by
-Sir Charles Hotham, Baronet, in 1732; and, in 1735, King George II.
-nominated Colonel John Armstrong to the colonelcy. This officer,
-dying in 1742, was succeeded by Colonel John Mordaunt, from the
-forty-seventh regiment.
-
-In the same year, the ROYAL IRISH regiment was relieved from duty
-at Minorca, and returned to England: it landed at Portsmouth and
-Southampton, and marched to Taunton, and the neighbouring towns,
-where it passed the winter.
-
-[Sidenote: 1743]
-
-From Taunton the regiment marched, in the spring of 1743, to Exeter
-and Plymouth, where it was reviewed by Lieut.-General Lord Tyrawley.
-
-[Sidenote: 1744]
-
-In the spring of 1744, the regiment marched to Richmond, and other
-towns near Hounslow Heath, and was reviewed by His Royal Highness
-the Duke of Cumberland. "The regiment gained great reputation by
-its discipline and good appearance, and had the pleasure of being
-assured of His Royal Highness' approbation."[29] After the review,
-the regiment marched to Fareham, and mounted guard over the French
-and Spanish prisoners at Portchester Castle.
-
-[Sidenote: 1745]
-
-At the battle of Fontenoy, the British troops, supporting the
-interests of the house of Austria against the power of France and
-Bavaria, were repulsed in their attempts to raise the siege of
-Tournay, and sustained severe loss; and the ROYAL IRISH regiment
-was ordered to join the British army in Flanders. The EIGHTEENTH
-embarked at Gravesend, with a detachment of foot guards and the
-fourteenth regiment, landed at Ostend, and, advancing up the
-country, joined the army, commanded by His Royal Highness the
-Duke of Cumberland, at the camp at Lessines, in May, 1745. The
-French, having a great superiority of numbers, captured several
-strong towns, and besieged _Ostend_, when the ROYAL IRISH were
-selected to reinforce the garrison of that fortress. The regiment
-accordingly marched to Antwerp, where it embarked on board of
-Dutch billanders, in which it sailed to Flushing, where it was
-removed on board of transports that conveyed it to Ostend, which
-town was found abandoned by the inhabitants, and besieged by a
-numerous French force. The garrison did not exceed three thousand
-men, a number very inadequate to the defence of the place; the
-fortifications had been neglected and were out of repair; and
-the Austrian governor permitted the enemy to gain possession of
-the sluices before he had inundated the country round the town.
-The means of a long defence were wanting, and, after holding out
-until the ammunition was nearly expended, and the guns of the
-fortress dismounted, the governor capitulated, on condition that
-the garrison should march to the quarters of the allied army. The
-writer of the continuation of General Stearne's journal complains
-of the treacherous conduct of the French on this occasion, in
-causing the garrison to make a considerable détour, employing
-agents to induce, by promises of reward, the soldiers to desert,
-and, after a march of twenty miles in one day, delivering the
-garrison up at a frontier village cantonment about seven in the
-evening, and having a numerous force ready to cut off the fatigued
-men at an early hour on the following morning. This was, however,
-defeated; the Duke of Cumberland sent a General officer to take
-charge of the troops on their arrival, and, instead of allowing
-the tired soldiers to go into quarters, he ordered them to load
-their muskets, fix their bayonets, and march for Mons. The writer,
-before alluded to, states, "As we every moment expected the enemy,
-we continued our march in the greatest order; not a whisper was to
-be heard: the officers who were present will always remember with
-pleasure the discipline and good disposition every regiment showed
-on that occasion." ... "So narrow was our escape, that the French
-got to their ground within an hour of our passing it, and we saw
-them in the morning encamped about two miles from Mons."
-
-The EIGHTEENTH regiment, and other corps from Ostend, remained at
-Mons about three weeks, watched by a numerous French force; but
-on the approach of a detachment from the allied army, the enemy
-retired: the regiments then marched out at midnight, arrived at
-Charleroi on the following day, and afterwards joined the army near
-Brussels.
-
-In the autumn of this year, Charles Edward, eldest son of the
-Pretender, raised the standard of his father in Scotland, and,
-being joined by a number of Highland clans, penetrated into
-England. On this occasion the ROYAL IRISH regiment marched to
-Williamstadt, where it embarked for England, and, arriving at
-Gravesend on the 5th of November, landed and joined the camp at
-Dartford, where it remained several weeks, and lost the surgeon and
-a number of men from diseases produced by being exposed to severe
-weather in a camp in the winter months.
-
-[Sidenote: 1746]
-
-The regiment returned to Gravesend in March, 1746, and embarked
-for Scotland, with the twelfth, sixteenth, and twenty-fourth foot.
-These corps arrived at Leith on the 19th of April, as the guns of
-Edinburgh castle were firing for the victory gained over the rebels
-at Culloden, and this terminated the rebellion.
-
-The regiment waited at Leith until the return of an express from
-the army, when it received orders to sail northward; it landed at
-Nairn on the 1st of May, was cantoned in the neighbourhood of that
-place three weeks, and afterwards joined the army at Inverness, at
-which place the regiment was encamped until the autumn, when it
-marched into quarters at Nairn, Elgin, &c.
-
-[Sidenote: 1747]
-
-In the summer of 1747, the regiment marched to Fort Augustus, and
-encamped among the mountains near that place, under the orders of
-Major-General Blakeney, until October, when it marched to Edinburgh
-castle, and Stirling.
-
-Major-General Sir John Mordaunt was removed to the twelfth
-dragoons in December of this year, and was succeeded in the
-colonelcy by Colonel John Folliott, from the sixty-first foot, a
-newly-raised corps, afterwards disbanded.
-
-[Sidenote: 1748]
-
-[Sidenote: 1749]
-
-[Sidenote: 1750]
-
-Returning to England in the spring of 1748, the regiment was
-stationed at Berwick, Newcastle, and Carlisle, where it remained
-until the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, when it marched to Glasgow,
-and embarked for Ireland on the 18th of February, 1749. It was
-stationed at Enniskillen and Ballyshannon twelve months, and was
-removed in 1750 to Kinsale, and in 1751 to Cork.
-
-[Sidenote: 1751]
-
-In the Royal warrant of the 1st of July, 1751, the uniform of the
-regiment is directed to be scarlet, faced with blue. The First, or
-King's colour, to be the great union; the Second, or regimental
-colour, to be of blue silk with the union in the upper canton; in
-the centre of the colour, the HARP in a blue field and the CROWN
-over it; and in the three corners of the colour, the LION OF
-NASSAU, the arms of King William III. On the grenadier caps, the
-HARP AND CROWN, as on the colours. The HARP AND CROWN to be painted
-in the same manner on the drums and bells of arms, with the rank of
-the regiment underneath.[30]
-
-[Sidenote: 1752]
-
-[Sidenote: 1753]
-
-[Sidenote: 1754]
-
-From Cork the regiment marched, in 1752, to Waterford; in 1753 it
-proceeded to Dublin, and in 1754 to Londonderry and Ballyshannon.
-
-[Sidenote: 1755]
-
-Disputes having arisen between Great Britain and France, respecting
-the extent of the British territories in North America, hostilities
-commenced, and the regiment was suddenly ordered to England in
-the spring of 1755. It landed at Liverpool on Easter Sunday, the
-3rd of April, and marched to Berwick, where the establishment was
-augmented to seventy-eight men per company, and two companies were
-afterwards added: in October the regiment marched to Edinburgh,
-where it was stationed during the winter.
-
-[Sidenote: 1756]
-
-In February, 1756, the two additional companies were incorporated
-in the fifty-sixth regiment, then newly raised; and in May the
-EIGHTEENTH were reviewed by Lieut.-General Bland, commanding the
-forces in North Britain, and afterwards marched to Fort William,
-with numerous detachments at various posts in the Highlands.
-
-[Sidenote: 1757]
-
-Orders were received in February, 1757, for the regiment to proceed
-to Ireland, and it was stationed in that part of the United Kingdom
-during the remainder of the seven years' war.
-
-[Sidenote: 1762]
-
-Lieut.-General Folliott died in January, 1762, and in April King
-George III. conferred the colonelcy of the EIGHTEENTH regiment on
-Major-General Sir John Sebright, Bart., from the eighty-third foot,
-which corps was disbanded in 1763.
-
-[Sidenote: 1767]
-
-[Sidenote: 1775]
-
-In 1767 the ROYAL IRISH regiment proceeded from Ireland to
-North America, where it was stationed when the unfortunate
-misunderstanding occurred between Great Britain and her North
-American colonies on the subject of taxation. The Americans
-manifested a disposition to violence, and three companies of the
-EIGHTEENTH were stationed at Boston, the capital of the state of
-Massachusetts, under the Governor of the province, General Gage.
-
-General Gage, having ascertained that the Americans had collected a
-quantity of military stores at _Concord_, detached the grenadiers
-and light infantry, including the companies of the EIGHTEENTH, to
-effect the destruction of these stores. These companies embarked
-in boats, under Colonel Smith, of the tenth, on the evening of the
-18th of April, 1775, and sailed up Charles river to the marshes of
-Cambridge, where they landed and marched towards Concord. At the
-village of _Lexington_ they were opposed by a party of American
-militia; some firing occurred, and several men were killed and
-wounded: thus the first blood was spilt, and open resistance
-followed. The King's troops continued their march to Concord, and
-effected the destruction of the stores. In the meantime the country
-had been alarmed for many miles, and, when the soldiers commenced
-their journey back to Boston, they were fired upon from behind
-the walls, trees, fences, barns, &c., on both sides of the road,
-and skirmish succeeded skirmish until they arrived at Lexington,
-where they were met by Earl Percy's brigade, with two field-pieces.
-The fire of the artillery checked the Americans, and the troops
-continued their march to Boston. The flank companies of the ROYAL
-IRISH regiment had two men killed and four wounded on this occasion.
-
-This open resistance to legal authority was followed by the
-appearance of multitudes of armed Americans in the neighbourhood
-of Boston, and on the night of the 16th of June they commenced
-throwing up entrenchments on the peninsula of Charleston, on a
-height called _Bunker's Hill_; and on the following day General
-Gage detached a body of troops, of which the flank companies of the
-ROYAL IRISH regiment formed part, to drive the Americans from the
-hill. The attack was made about three o'clock in the afternoon,
-and British valour was conspicuously displayed; but the Americans
-had a great superiority of numbers and a strong post. The King's
-troops were twice arrested in their progress, but by a determined
-effort they carried the height at the point of the bayonet, and
-triumphed over thrice their own numbers. The loss of the EIGHTEENTH
-was limited to three rank and file killed, Lieutenant William
-Richardson and seven rank and file wounded.
-
-[Sidenote: 1776]
-
-Although the valour and discipline of the British corps in North
-America were so conspicuous as to excite the admiration of their
-country, yet the few corps at Boston were beset by such multitudes
-of opponents, that it became impossible for these excellent
-qualities to be exercised with any prospect of ultimate success;
-and in the middle of March, 1776, the town was abandoned, the
-British troops embarking for Nova Scotia.
-
-[Sidenote: 1777]
-
-Soon afterwards the regiment received orders to transfer its men
-fit for service to other corps, and return to Europe: it arrived in
-England in July, 1776, and was stationed at Dover Castle, where it
-remained during the year 1777.
-
-[Sidenote: 1778]
-
-From Dover, the regiment proceeded to Coxheath, where an encampment
-was formed of the Royal Dragoons, five regiments of infantry, and
-fifteen battalions of militia.
-
-[Sidenote: 1779]
-
-In the summer of 1779, the regiment was encamped at Warley, in the
-Essex district, with three other corps of regular infantry and ten
-battalions of militia, under Lieut.-General Parker.
-
-[Sidenote: 1780]
-
-[Sidenote: 1782]
-
-The regiment was encamped at Finchley in 1780, and afterwards in
-Hyde Park; and in 1782 it proceeded to the island of Jersey, where
-its numbers were reduced to the peace establishment in consequence
-of the termination of the American war.
-
-Leaving Jersey in February, 1782, the thanks of the Commander
-of the forces at that station were conveyed to the officers and
-soldiers of the EIGHTEENTH, for their conduct while under his
-command. The regiment was afterwards stationed at Guernsey, where
-an alarming mutiny occurred among the soldiers of the 104th
-regiment, who fired upon their officers, and took possession of the
-fort. They were invested by the ROYAL IRISH regiment, commanded
-by Major Mawby, and a battalion of militia, and were forced to
-submit. The lieut.-governor thanked the ROYAL IRISH regiment, in
-orders, for its loyal and spirited conduct on this occasion, in the
-strongest terms, and promised to take the earliest opportunity of
-bringing its meritorious conduct before the King. The States of the
-island also conveyed the expression of their thanks and approbation
-of the excellent behaviour of the EIGHTEENTH regiment, accompanied
-by a vote of 100 guineas, to be divided among the non-commissioned
-officers and soldiers.
-
-[Sidenote: 1783]
-
-In July, 1783, the regiment proceeded to Portsmouth, and in October
-it embarked for the fortress of Gibraltar.
-
-[Sidenote: 1793]
-
-While the ROYAL IRISH regiment was employed in protecting the
-important fortress of Gibraltar, a revolution occurred in France;
-Louis XVI. was beheaded by his subjects in 1793; and while anarchy
-and bloodshed prevailed in France, the republicans of that
-country sought to involve other nations in the same calamities.
-War was the result. A powerful party favourable to monarchy still
-existed in France, many patriots stood forward in the cause of
-royalty, and the inhabitants of _Toulon_ joined with Admiral Turgot
-in delivering up that port to the British, who took possession
-of the place in the name of Louis XVII. A numerous republican
-army advanced against Toulon, and the allies made exertions to
-procure troops for the defence of the town and harbour. Some corps
-of French loyalists were embodied; detachments of Spaniards,
-Neapolitans, and Sardinians were procured, and the ROYAL IRISH
-regiment was withdrawn from Gibraltar to aid in the protection of
-this important place.
-
-The regiment arrived at Toulon in November, and was actively
-employed in the defence of the place upwards of a month, during
-which period it was frequently engaged with the republican troops
-of France.
-
-A battery having been erected by the enemy on the heights of
-_Arenes_, which much annoyed one of the principal outposts, a party
-of the EIGHTEENTH joined the troops under Major-General David
-Dundas, which issued from Toulon on the morning of the 30th of
-November, crossed the river, traversed olive-grounds, intersected
-with stone walls, ascended a height cut into vine-terraces, and,
-surprising the French on their post, drove them from the battery
-with signal gallantry. The object in view was thus accomplished,
-but the impetuosity of the soldiers could not be restrained; they
-pursued the enemy too far, and, encountering fresh adversaries,
-were forced to retire with loss. The ROYAL IRISH regiment had seven
-men killed on this occasion, twenty-four wounded, four serjeants,
-one drummer, and twenty-nine rank and file missing.
-
-Much difficulty was experienced in defending Toulon with twelve
-thousand men, of five different nations, against thirty to
-forty thousand French troops; a circumference of fifteen miles
-having to be occupied by a number of posts which required nine
-thousand men for their protection, so that three-fourths of the
-men were constantly on duty. On the 17th of December, the French
-attacked the British quarter under Captain William Conolly of the
-EIGHTEENTH, who defended his post with great gallantry until the
-enemy had forced the Spanish side, when he fell back fighting to
-another position. The regiment lost Ensign George Minchin and two
-rank and file on this occasion. The enemy afterwards attacked
-the posts on the mountain of Pharou, where another party of the
-EIGHTEENTH was engaged, and lost one serjeant and five rank and
-file.
-
-The line of posts being forced, it was found impossible to preserve
-the town and harbour, and the French shipping, arsenal, and
-magazines were set on fire, and the troops of the several nations
-embarked on board of the fleet on the 19th of December.
-
-[Sidenote: 1794]
-
-After the evacuation of Toulon, the fleet proceeded to the bay of
-Hières, and arrangements were made for attacking the island of
-_Corsica_: the fleet weighed anchor on the 24th of January, 1794;
-but was dispersed by a gale of wind. Early in February a landing
-was effected in the gulf of Fiorenzo in the island of Corsica, and
-a series of operations were commenced by which the greater part
-of the island was speedily reduced, and an assembly of Deputies
-afterwards agreed to unite Corsica to the British dominions.
-
-The fortified town of _Calvi_, situate on a tongue of land which
-forms a beautiful harbour thirty-three miles from _Bastia_, the
-capital of Corsica, still held out in the French interest, and the
-EIGHTEENTH regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel David Douglas
-Wemyss, was selected to join the troops, under Lieut.-General C.
-Stuart, appointed for the reduction of this fortress. The regiment
-accordingly sailed from Bastia, and, having landed near Calvi on
-the 19th of June, took post on a ridge of mountains three miles
-from the town. Owing to the numerous rocky heights and steep
-acclivities before the town, the soldiers and seamen had to make
-roads along difficult precipices, to drag guns up the mountains,
-and to carry up materials for erecting the batteries, which they
-performed with cheerfulness. A practical breach having been made
-in the west side of the Mozello, on the 18th of July the light
-infantry (including the light company of the EIGHTEENTH) and
-the second battalion of the Royals, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel
-Moore, "proceeded with a cool steady confidence, and unloaded
-arms, towards the enemy, forced their way through a smart fire of
-musketry, and, regardless of live shells flung into the breach,
-or the additional defence of pikes, stormed the Mozello; while
-Lieut.-Colonel Wemyss, with the ROYAL IRISH regiment, and two
-pieces of cannon under the direction of Lieutenant Lemoine of the
-royal artillery, equally regardless of opposition, carried the
-enemy's battery on the left, and forced the trenches without firing
-a shot."[31]
-
-After the capture of these important posts, the siege of Calvi was
-prosecuted with vigour, and on the 10th of August the garrison
-surrendered.
-
-The loss of the ROYAL IRISH regiment was limited to six rank and
-file killed; Lieutenant William Johnston, one serjeant, and ten
-rank and file wounded.
-
-In the early part of this year, General Sir John Sebright,
-Bart., died; and the colonelcy of the regiment was conferred on
-Major-General Sir James Murray, Bart., who afterwards took the
-surname of Pulteney.
-
-[Sidenote: 1795]
-
-[Sidenote: 1796]
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment was stationed in the island of Corsica
-during the year 1795, and nine months of 1796. In the mean time
-the success of the French arms, particularly the brilliant career
-of General Bonaparte in Italy, had produced a change of sentiment
-among the inhabitants of Corsica. Bonaparte was a native of the
-island; the Corsicans gloried in him as a man who reflected honour
-on their country, and they regretted that the island had become
-annexed to Great Britain, as this event placed them in hostility
-to their victorious countryman, and they began to plot measures to
-effect its separation. It appearing evident that the expense of the
-defence would exceed the advantage derived from the possession of
-the island, the British troops were withdrawn in October, and the
-EIGHTEENTH proceeded to the island of Elba.
-
-[Sidenote: 1797]
-
-[Sidenote: 1798]
-
-[Sidenote: 1799]
-
-Soon afterwards the regiment was detached, with a small force under
-Colonel Wemyss, to the coast of Italy; the troops landed on the 7th
-of November, and, having driven the French from the principality
-of Piombino, occupied the towns of Campiglia, Castiglione, and
-Piombino, with some advanced posts in the Tuscan states. The
-ROYAL IRISH were commanded by Lieut.-Colonel H. T. Montresor,
-and distinguished themselves on several occasions. They waded
-through an inundation of near three miles, to attack the town of
-_Campiglia_, and made the French garrison prisoners. The enemy
-receiving considerable reinforcements, and advancing in force
-against those towns, the British troops were withdrawn from Italy,
-and returned to Elba. During the winter, the EIGHTEENTH regiment
-sailed for Gibraltar, where it arrived in the beginning of 1797,
-and was stationed at that fortress during the two following years.
-
-[Sidenote: 1800]
-
-In the spring of 1800, the regiment was withdrawn from Gibraltar,
-to join the armament preparing for active service in the
-Mediterranean: it proceeded to Minorca, where the land-forces
-were assembled, and in the summer sailed under the orders of
-Lieut.-General Sir Ralph Abercromby for Genoa, to co-operate with
-the Austrians; but the victories gained by the French in Italy
-occasioned this enterprise to be abandoned, and the EIGHTEENTH
-returned to Minorca.
-
-The regiment afterwards sailed with the expedition against _Cadiz_,
-and it had entered the boats of the fleet for the purpose of
-effecting a landing and attacking Cadiz, when orders were received
-to return on board the shipping; the attack of this place having
-been relinquished in consequence of an infectious disease of a
-fatal character ravaging the city; and the armament sailed to
-Gibraltar.
-
-After some delay, the EIGHTEENTH regiment again proceeded to
-Minorca.
-
-In the meantime a powerful French army had taken possession of
-Egypt, with the view of colonizing that country, and making it
-the base of future conquests in the east, and the ROYAL IRISH
-regiment was called from Minorca to take part in the expulsion
-of the boasted invincible legions of France from Egypt. The
-regiment accordingly quitted Minorca without landing, and sailed
-to Malta, where it joined the armament under Lieut.-General
-Sir Ralph Abercromby, and was formed in brigade with the
-thirtieth, forty-fourth, and eighty-ninth, under the orders
-of Brigadier-General Doyle. The troops were soon restored and
-reanimated, after having been so long at sea, by the abundance
-of fresh provisions which the island of Malta afforded, and the
-comforts of the beautiful city of Valetta, and on the 20th of
-December the fleet sailed for the bay of Marmorice, in Asiatic
-Turkey, where it arrived in nine days.
-
-[Sidenote: 1801]
-
-In this bay, environed by mountains covered with the foliage of
-trees, the troops remained several weeks, while preparations
-were being completed, and a plan of co-operation was arranged
-with the Turks, whose tardy proceedings detained the expedition
-some time. On the 23rd of February, 1801, the fleet again put to
-sea, presenting a splendid sight; the magnitude of the armament,
-and the gaiety of the brave men on board, being calculated to
-excite emotions of an interesting character. On the 1st of March,
-the armament arrived off the celebrated city of Alexandria, and
-anchored in the bay of _Aboukir_.
-
-Early on the morning of the 8th of March, five thousand British
-troops entered the boats to effect a landing in the face of an
-adverse army, and the ROYAL IRISH regiment, having joined the
-second brigade under Major-General Cradock, entered some small
-Greek ships to be in readiness to support the gallant men who
-should first land on the shores of Egypt. A rocket gave the
-expected signal, and the clear silence of the morning was instantly
-broken by the deep murmur of a thousand oars urging forward the
-flower of a brave army, whose polished arms gleamed in the rays
-of the morning sun. Suddenly the thunder of artillery shook the
-ground, and a tempest of balls cut the surface of the water; but
-the British soldiers speedily gained the shore in the face of
-this tempest of war, and, rushing forward to close upon their
-enemies with the bayonet, soon decided the contest and forced the
-French to retreat with loss. The EIGHTEENTH regiment, commanded
-by Lieut.-Colonel Montresor, was one of the first corps which
-landed to support the leading division, and to participate in this
-splendid triumph of British valour.
-
-Advancing towards Alexandria, the British troops encamped near
-Mandora Tower, and on the 13th of March they proceeded through a
-wood of date-trees to attack the French forces posted on a ridge
-of heights in front. The ROYAL IRISH deployed under a heavy fire,
-with the other corps of their brigade, and executed the manœuvre
-with admirable order and precision; and, advancing upon their
-adversaries, compelled the French to retire from their position.
-A strong body of French cavalry charged the leading corps of the
-British right column, but was repulsed. Under the cover of some
-sand-hills, a body of French dragoons rode towards the British
-second brigade, and attempted to penetrate the interval between
-the EIGHTEENTH and the regiment on their left: the French troopers
-were checked by a prompt and well-directed fire from the light
-company of the EIGHTEENTH, which was followed by a rapid platoon
-fire from the regiment, and the French horsemen made a precipitate
-retreat. They belonged to the eighteenth French dragoons, and had
-been mistaken, by one British battalion, for a foreign corps in the
-English service.
-
-The French, having been driven from their post, fell back to an
-entrenched position before Alexandria; and the British, after
-reconnoitring the ground, encamped in front of the enemy's lines.
-Speaking of the conduct of the army, on this occasion, in general
-orders, Sir Ralph Abercromby stated that he felt it "incumbent on
-him particularly to express his most perfect satisfaction with the
-steady and gallant conduct of Major-General Cradock's brigade." The
-conduct of the brigade was also commended in the General's public
-despatch.
-
-The loss of the ROYAL IRISH regiment was Captain George Jones,
-killed; three officers, one serjeant, and forty-five rank and file
-wounded.
-
-On the morning of the 21st of March, the French issued from their
-position, and attacked the British line; but they encountered an
-opposition which they were unable to overcome, and the English
-army was once more triumphant over the numerous veteran troops
-of France. This action afforded the ROYAL IRISH regiment another
-opportunity of gaining honour on the distant shores of Egypt;
-and its gallant bearing throughout the day was conspicuous. This
-victory was however clouded with the fall of the brave SIR RALPH
-ABERCROMBY, who died of wounds received in action. He was succeeded
-in the command of the army by Major-General (afterwards Lord)
-Hutchinson.
-
-Soon afterwards a body of British troops traversed the country
-to _Rosetta_, where a small force of British, Turks, and Greeks
-was assembled, and took post at Hamed. The EIGHTEENTH regiment,
-and two other corps, followed on the 13th of April, and, after
-the surrender of Fort St. Julian, a strong division of the army
-advanced up the banks of the Nile, to attack the French troops in
-Upper Egypt.
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment took part in the operations by which the
-French were driven from _El Aft_, and from the fortified post of
-_Rahmanie_, and forced to retire upon Cairo.
-
-Following the retreating enemy up the country, the EIGHTEENTH
-arrived, with the army, at the vicinity of the celebrated pyramids
-of Egypt, in the early part of June; and after a halt of several
-days they advanced upon the city of _Cairo_, which was besieged
-by the united British and Turkish forces, and in a few days the
-garrison surrendered, on condition of being sent back to France.
-
-The capture of the capital of Egypt added fresh laurels to the
-British arms; and the troops which had acquired these honours
-retired down the Nile to the vicinity of _Alexandria_, and,
-having driven in the French outposts, commenced the siege of that
-place with vigour. In the beginning of September, the garrison
-surrendered, on condition of being sent back to France.
-
-Thus was Egypt delivered from the power of France; and the
-British troops, which overcame the boasted _invincible_ legions
-of Bonaparte, and forced the _Army of the East_ to surrender
-its conquests, were rewarded with the thanks of Parliament, the
-approbation of their Sovereign, and the royal authority to bear on
-their colours the "SPHINX," with the word "EGYPT;" and the officers
-were permitted to receive gold medals from the Grand Seignior.
-
-Immediately after the conquest of Egypt, the British generals and
-admirals endeavoured to promote still further the interests of
-their country by preparing to make additional acquisitions, and the
-ROYAL IRISH regiment was one of the corps selected to proceed on
-another expedition. Several corps sailed on the 12th of September;
-but were met at sea by a ship of war bringing information that
-the preliminaries of a treaty of peace were signed; the troops
-proceeded to Malta, where the ROYAL IRISH regiment arrived in
-October.
-
-After performing garrison duty at Valetta for six weeks, the
-regiment proceeded to the island of Elba, and occupied the fortress
-of Porto Ferrajo, the French being in possession of other parts of
-the island.
-
-[Sidenote: 1802]
-
-The treaty of Amiens being concluded, the regiment sailed for
-Ireland in the summer of 1802, and after landing at Cork proceeded
-to Armagh.
-
-[Sidenote: 1803]
-
-War was resumed in 1803, and in the summer of that year the
-regiment marched to Newry, where it was augmented to _two
-battalions_, from the army of reserve. Both battalions were
-completed to 1100 men each in less than two months, and in October
-the first battalion embarked from Ireland for Scotland; it landed
-at Greenock, and proceeded from thence to Edinburgh. It was
-followed to Scotland by the second battalion, which was stationed
-a short time at Stirling castle; but on the removal of the first
-battalion from Edinburgh to Haddington, the second battalion
-proceeded to Dunbar.
-
-[Sidenote: 1804]
-
-The threat of invading England made by Napoleon Bonaparte, with
-the progress of the naval preparations on the coast of France, and
-the presence of a numerous French army at Boulogne, occasioned
-the regiment to be withdrawn from Scotland in the summer of 1804,
-and to proceed to the south of England, to be in readiness to
-repel the invaders, should they venture to land. On quitting
-Haddington, Lieut.-Colonel Montresor received a highly gratifying
-letter from the magistrates and clergy of that place, expressing
-their admiration of the peaceable and regular behaviour of the
-non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the first battalion
-during their stay at Haddington, and a tribute of public respect
-to the officers for their gentlemanly deportment towards the
-respectable inhabitants in the neighbourhood.
-
-Both battalions landed at Ramsgate, and joined the troops encamped
-on Barham Downs. On the breaking up of the camp, the second
-battalion embarked for the island of Jersey.
-
-[Sidenote: 1805]
-
-Towards the end of January, the first battalion embarked for the
-island of Jamaica, where it arrived in May.
-
-[Sidenote: 1807]
-
-In 1807 the second battalion proceeded to the West Indies, and was
-stationed at the island of Curaçao.
-
-[Sidenote: 1808]
-
-[Sidenote: 1809]
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment being employed in guarding the colonial
-possessions of Great Britain, its services were valuable to the
-Crown and to the kingdom, and the exemplary conduct of both
-battalions was commended by the general officers under whom the
-regiment served; but the performance of this duty precluded the
-EIGHTEENTH sharing in the brilliant campaigns of the British army
-in the Peninsula, where several corps acquired numerous honorary
-inscriptions for their regimental colours.
-
-The first battalion sailed from Jamaica on the 7th of June, 1809,
-with the troops under Major-General Sir Hugh Lyle Carmichael, to
-aid the Spaniards in their attempt to reduce the city of _St.
-Domingo_. The British troops landed about thirty miles from the
-place, and, advancing to the besieged fortress, found the Spanish
-army greatly reduced by sickness. Prompt measures were adopted
-for an attack on the place by storm by the British troops, and
-the EIGHTEENTH were under arms to take part in this service, when
-hostilities were suddenly terminated by the surrender of the
-French garrison.
-
-After the deliverance of the city of St. Domingo from the power of
-France, the ROYAL IRISH returned to Jamaica.
-
-[Sidenote: 1810]
-
-Very severe losses having been sustained by the second battalion
-from the climate of the West Indies, it was directed to transfer
-its men fit for service to the first battalion, and embark for
-England to recruit. It arrived at Ottery barracks, in Devonshire,
-in October 1810, and was joined by the regimental depôt, amounting
-to upwards of five hundred men.
-
-[Sidenote: 1811]
-
-In the spring of 1811 the second battalion proceeded to the island
-of Jersey.
-
-On the decease of General Sir James Pulteney, Bart., His Royal
-Highness the Prince Regent conferred the colonelcy of the ROYAL
-IRISH regiment on Lieut.-General John Lord Hutchinson, K.B.,
-afterwards Earl of Donoughmore, from the fifty-seventh regiment, by
-commission dated the 27th of April, 1811.
-
-[Sidenote: 1814]
-
-The second battalion was employed on garrison duty in the island
-of Jersey until the power of Napoleon Bonaparte was overthrown by
-the armies of the allies, and the Bourbon family was restored to
-the throne of France, which was accompanied by the restoration
-of peace to Europe. A reduction was, in consequence, made in the
-strength of the British army, and the second battalion of the ROYAL
-IRISH regiment was disbanded at Jersey on the 24th of October 1814,
-transferring its non-commissioned officers and private soldiers fit
-for duty to the first battalion.
-
-[Sidenote: 1817]
-
-After twelve years' service in Jamaica, during which time
-it had suffered severely from the effects of climate, and
-had lost upwards of fifty officers and nearly three thousand
-non-commissioned officers and soldiers, the ROYAL IRISH regiment
-received orders to return to England. It landed at Portsmouth in
-March, 1817, in so complete a state of discipline and efficiency,
-that it was ordered to proceed to Brighton, where it had the honour
-of furnishing the usual guard for the Prince Regent during His
-Royal Highness' stay at the Pavilion. The regiment was afterwards
-removed to Chatham and Sheerness, and in August it proceeded to
-Hilsea barracks.
-
-[Sidenote: 1818]
-
-Early in 1818 the ROYAL IRISH regiment marched to Haslar barracks
-and Gosport; in December it embarked for Ireland, and, after
-landing at Cork, proceeded to Fermoy.
-
-[Sidenote: 1819]
-
-From Fermoy the regiment marched, in January, 1819, to Waterford,
-Wexford, Carlow, Duncannon-fort, and Kilkenny; and the excellent
-conduct of the men, during their stay in these quarters, elicited
-the admiration and gratitude of the public authorities of the
-several places, which was communicated to the corps in the
-strongest terms.
-
-[Sidenote: 1820]
-
-In July, 1820, the regiment marched to Cork.
-
-[Sidenote: 1821]
-
-Orders having been received for the regiment to transfer its
-services to Malta, it embarked from Cork in February, 1821, and
-after its arrival on that island the head-quarters were established
-in the Cottonera district, with one company detached to the small
-island of Gozo.
-
-[Sidenote: 1822]
-
-In November, 1822, the regiment was removed to St. Elmo barracks
-and Valetta, where the detached company joined from the island of
-Gozo.
-
-[Sidenote: 1823]
-
-After remaining twelve months at St. Elmo barracks, the regiment
-was removed to Floriana barracks in November, 1823, detaching two
-companies to Fort Manuel and Tignie.
-
-[Sidenote: 1824]
-
-On the 8th of May, 1824, the first division of the regiment
-embarked from Malta for the Ionian Islands, and was followed by
-the head-quarters in June, on which occasion the following general
-order, dated Malta, 18th of June, 1824, was issued:--
-
-"The Marquis of Hastings, having been long acquainted with the high
-character of the ROYAL IRISH regiment of infantry, cannot suffer
-that distinguished corps to quit this island without expressing
-his regret at losing its services. The report made to him, by
-Major-General Sir Manley Power, of the uniformly excellent conduct
-maintained by the officers and men of the regiment, during their
-residence here, authorizes the Marquis of Hastings to request that
-they will accept his applause, and his sincere wishes for their
-future welfare.
-
- "_By command of His Excellency_,
- "C. BAYLEY, A.M.S."
-
-The last division of the regiment arrived at Corfu on the 24th of
-June, and occupied quarters in the citadel.
-
-[Sidenote: 1825]
-
-In July, 1825, four companies and the head-quarters proceeded to
-Fort Neuf, leaving the remaining companies in the citadel. In
-August the regiment was formed into six service and four depôt
-companies.
-
-The head-quarters and flank companies returned to the citadel on
-the 14th of November, and on the same day four battalion companies
-embarked for Santa Maura, furnishing detachments at Calamas,
-Magnassia, Fort Alexandria, San Nicolo, Fort Constantine, Scorpio,
-San Nichola, and Vassaliki.
-
-[Sidenote: 1832]
-
-The regiment remained at the Ionian Islands until February, 1832,
-when it embarked from Corfu for England, and landed at Portsmouth
-on the 7th of March.
-
-The decease of General the Earl of Donoughmore occurred in the
-summer of 1832, when King William IV. appointed Lieut.-General
-Matthew Lord Aylmer, K.C.B., from the fifty-sixth foot, to the
-colonelcy of the ROYAL IRISH regiment, by commission dated 23rd of
-July, 1832.
-
-[Sidenote: 1834]
-
-[Sidenote: 1835]
-
-[Sidenote: 1836]
-
-The regiment remained in England until May, 1834, when it embarked
-from Liverpool, and, landing at Dublin, was stationed in Ireland
-nearly three years, during which period it preserved its high
-character.
-
-[Sidenote: 1837]
-
-Having received orders to transfer its services to the British
-possessions in Asia, the ROYAL IRISH regiment was divided into six
-service and four depôt companies, and on the 10th of January, 1837,
-the service companies embarked for Ceylon, under the orders of
-Colonel George Burrell: they landed at Colombo on the 1st of June,
-and were stationed at that place and at Galle.
-
-[Sidenote: 1838]
-
-In the autumn of 1838 the depôt companies embarked from Dublin,
-and, landing at Portsmouth, were stationed in South Britain.
-
-[Sidenote: 1839]
-
-The service companies remained at Colombo and Galle until February,
-1839, when a change of quarters took place, and they were stationed
-at Trincomalee and Galle, where they continued until March of the
-following year.
-
-[Sidenote: 1840]
-
-In the mean time a course of violence and spoliation had been
-commenced by the Chinese government against the persons and
-property of the British merchants trading with that empire, in
-consequence of the introduction of opium into China, which was
-prohibited by the Chinese laws, but was tacitly admitted by
-the local authorities, who did not enforce the law. At length,
-however, the Chinese authorities commenced summary measures without
-sufficient previous notice, and the British superintendents of
-trade found it necessary to apply to the Governor-General of India
-for a number of ships of war and armed vessels for the protection
-of life and property. The violence of the Chinese, however, could
-not be restrained by reason or menace, but the thunder of British
-artillery was necessary to enforce forbearance.
-
-The British government found it necessary to send an expedition
-to the Chinese seas, to compel the government of the "Celestial
-empire" to acknowledge the principles of international law, as
-adopted by civilized nations, and the ROYAL IRISH regiment was one
-of the corps selected for this service. Three companies from the
-depôt embarked from Portsmouth in October, 1839, and arrived at
-Bombay in March, 1840, and they afterwards sailed for China: three
-companies embarked from Trincomalee in May, and three from Galle in
-June, and sailed for the Chinese seas.
-
-Hostilities having been found unavoidable, it became important to
-gain possession of a portion of the Chinese territory, and the
-governor of _Chusan_, an island lying off the coast, and comprising
-in its jurisdiction a small group of islands, was summoned to
-surrender in the beginning of July. He, however, made dispositions
-to defend the place, and on the morning of the 5th of July the
-shore was crowded with Chinese troops, and the landing place,
-wharf, and adjoining hill displayed an array of military power. The
-British shipping silenced the enemy's war-junks and batteries; and
-the right wing of the ROYAL IRISH regiment, commanded by Major
-Henry William Adams, with the Royal Marines of the fleet, forming
-the advance, landed. They were followed by other corps, and the
-British troops, commanded by Brigadier-General George Burrell,
-Lieut.-Colonel of the EIGHTEENTH, took up a position in front of
-the fortified city of _Ting-hae-hien_, from whence a sharp fire was
-kept up for some time; but before the following day the Chinese
-soldiers fled in a panic. The city was taken possession of, and
-this success gave presage of future conquests; but the climate
-proved injurious to the health of the troops, and many soldiers
-died.
-
-This display of British prowess was followed by negotiations; and
-in August the other three companies of the regiment landed on the
-island of Chusan, a detachment taking post at Tsin-Kong.
-
-[Sidenote: 1841]
-
-The tardy councils of the Chinese were expedited by the activity
-of the British naval force, and in the early part of 1841 they
-agreed to give up the island of Hong-Kong, pay an indemnity of six
-million dollars, and open a direct intercourse for trading upon
-an equal footing. The detachment of the ROYAL IRISH stationed at
-Tsin-Kong joined the head-quarters, and on the 17th of February the
-regiment embarked for Hong-Kong, where it arrived in seven days,
-and the island was taken possession of; but the Chinese authorities
-appeared by their conduct to have no intention of fulfilling the
-other stipulations of the treaty. Hostilities were in consequence
-resumed, and the ROYAL IRISH regiment sailed with the expedition up
-the Canton river. The fleet silenced the batteries of _Wantong_,
-and a body of troops landing, the island was captured without the
-loss of a man, thirteen hundred Chinese soldiers surrendering
-prisoners of war. Continuing the voyage up the river, the fleet
-arrived at the bar, destroyed the enemy's war-junks, and the works
-were stormed and captured by the Marines, &c. As the expedition
-pursued its voyage up the river, the Chinese abandoned several
-batteries and armed rafts, and solicited terms of peace; but
-procrastination appeared to be their only object, and the British
-fleet advanced. The forts in front of _Canton_ soon fell under the
-fire of British artillery, the Chinese flotilla was destroyed,
-and terms of peace were again solicited by the authorities of the
-"Celestial empire." While negotiations were pending, bodies of
-Tartar troops were arriving at _Canton_, which exposed the object
-of the enemy; and on the 24th of May the ROYAL IRISH regiment
-and other British troops landed. On the following day they
-advanced against the fortified heights on the north of the city,
-and dispositions were made for the attack, when the EIGHTEENTH,
-commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Adams, supported by the Royal Marines,
-the whole under Major-General Burrell, were directed to carry a
-hill in their front.
-
-Major-General Sir Hugh Gough stated in his public despatch,--"About
-half past nine o'clock the advance was sounded, and it has seldom
-fallen to my lot to witness a more soldierlike and steady advance,
-or a more animated attack. Every individual, native as well as
-European, steadily and gallantly did his duty. The EIGHTEENTH and
-forty-ninth were emulous which should first reach their appointed
-goals; but under this impulse, they did not lose sight of that
-discipline which could alone ensure success."
-
-The heights were carried by a spirited effort, the British colours
-waved triumphantly on the captured forts, and the soldiers looked
-down on Canton within a hundred paces of its walls.
-
-A fortified Chinese camp had been established on the high ground on
-the north-east of the city, and from this camp bodies of the enemy
-advanced against the British troops. The EIGHTEENTH, forty-ninth,
-and a company of Marines, met and repulsed the principal attack,
-and, following the fugitives along a causeway, stormed and captured
-the entrenched camp in gallant style. Major-General Sir Hugh Gough
-stated in his despatch,--"I have to record my approval of the
-spirited conduct of Captain JOHN GRATTAN, who commanded the two
-leading companies of the EIGHTEENTH across the causeway." The camp
-was burnt, and the magazines were destroyed.
-
-On the following morning a flag of truce was seen on the walls, and
-hostilities were suspended; but procrastination still appearing to
-be the object of the Chinese, preparations were made to attack the
-city by storm, and the ROYAL IRISH were under arms waiting for the
-signal to rush forward and achieve the conquest of the celebrated
-city of Canton, when an agreement to terms suddenly prevented
-further hostilities, the Chinese paying six millions of dollars for
-the redemption of Canton, and opening the port for trade.
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Henry William
-Adams, had two men killed; Captain John James Sargent, Lieutenants
-George Hilliard and David Edwards, and sixteen men wounded.
-
-On the 2nd of June, the regiment embarked for the ceded island of
-HONG-KONG, where it arrived in a few days; and this station proving
-healthy and convenient, works were constructed for its protection.
-
-The Emperor of China disregarded the stipulations of treaties,
-and issued a mandate for the extermination of the English who
-dared thus to insult his coasts and capture his towns, offering,
-at the same time, immense rewards for the heads of the British
-commanders, and even a large sum for the head of a private soldier.
-His decrees were responded to by depriving him of a greater extent
-of territory; and on the 22nd of August the ROYAL IRISH sailed on
-an expedition against the island and city of _Amoy_, situate in
-a fine gulf in the province of Fokien, the great tea district of
-China. On the 25th of August the fleet arrived before Amoy, which
-was defended by five hundred pieces of cannon and a numerous force;
-but nothing could withstand the combined efforts of the British
-naval and land force. On the following day the works were bombarded
-two hours. The ROYAL IRISH landed about three o'clock, with little
-opposition, and escaladed a castellated wall with great gallantry.
-They were speedily within the works, and afterwards charged up a
-precipitous gorge in the face of two posts of defence, and rushing
-forward with great gallantry, the Chinese and Tartar soldiers fled
-in dismay, after firing a few shots. The regiment remained on the
-heights above the city during the night; and on the following
-morning the troops advanced towards the wall. No resistance was
-made, the advance of the EIGHTEENTH escaladed the walls,--opened
-the gates,--and the city was taken possession of. The small island
-of _Koolangsoo_ was captured on the preceding day. The loss of the
-regiment was limited to two men wounded.
-
-On the 5th of September, the regiment sailed with the expedition
-for the recapture of _Chusan_, which island had been given up in
-consequence of the stipulations of the first treaty. The place was
-found more strongly fortified than before, and a resolute stand
-was made by the Chinese; but British skill and valour prevailed.
-The EIGHTEENTH landed on the 1st of October, stormed the enemy's
-works with great gallantry, under Lieut.-Colonel Adams, and
-occupied the Joss-house hill, Captain Francis Wigston particularly
-distinguishing himself at the head of the grenadier company of
-the regiment. The ROYAL IRISH afterwards entered the city of
-Ting-hae-hien at the western gate, and the British colours were
-speedily planted in triumph on the walls. The regiment had one
-serjeant and six rank and file wounded on this occasion.
-
-On the following day the regiment traversed the island to
-Tsin-kong, and afterwards proceeded to Sahoo; but returned to
-Ting-hae-hien on the 4th of October, and on the 6th embarked with
-the expedition against the city of _Chinhae_, the military depôt
-of the province, situate on the mainland opposite Chusan, and
-surrounded by a wall of extraordinary height and thickness. The
-troops landed on the 10th of October, advanced through a difficult
-country towards the city, and stormed the works covering the
-approach to the place, overthrowing all opposition. "The EIGHTEENTH
-charged up a deep gorge to the left, and broke through the central
-encampment, carrying everything before them."[32] The city was
-captured, and in it was an extensive arsenal, and cannon foundry,
-with military stores. The EIGHTEENTH crossed the river and entered
-the city on the same evening: their loss was one man killed and
-three wounded.
-
-From Chinhae the ROYAL IRISH proceeded up the river on the 13th
-of October, against the fortified city of _Ningpo_, where no
-resistance was met with. The troops landed and formed on the
-ramparts, the band of the EIGHTEENTH playing "God save the Queen,"
-and they took possession of the second city in the province of
-Che-Keang, containing a population of three hundred thousand souls.
-The regiment was afterwards stationed in the city of Ningpo some
-time; and the Chinese having garrisoned several forts up the river,
-the flank companies embarked on the 27th of December, with an
-expedition to dislodge the Chinese and Tartar soldiers from their
-posts, but the enemy fled without waiting to be attacked, and the
-companies returned to Ningpo.
-
-[Sidenote: 1842]
-
-The flank companies proceeded to You-You on the 10th of January,
-1842, and were engaged in routing the enemy, and destroying their
-encampment the day following.
-
-During the first three months of the year 1842, four companies of
-the regiment were stationed at the city of Ningpo, under Major
-Nicholas R. Tomlinson, and five companies at Koolangsoo, under
-Major Jeremiah Cowper.
-
-On the 10th of March a numerous army of Tartars and Chinese made
-a sudden attack upon _Ningpo_, escalading the walls, and forcing
-some of the gates, with great spirit, and the few British forces in
-garrison were enveloped by crowds of assailants; but the bravery of
-the British was conspicuous, and they triumphed over their numerous
-opponents. A guard of the regiment, consisting of Lieutenant
-Anthony W. S. F. Armstrong, one serjeant, and twenty-three rank and
-file, stationed at the West-gate, being attacked by large numbers,
-behaved steadily, and gallantly drove the enemy back, capturing
-two banners, the bearers of which had been shot at the gate: the
-spirited behaviour of Lieutenant Armstrong was commended in the
-public despatches.
-
-Five days afterwards, the EIGHTEENTH embarked from Ningpo, and
-sailed up the river to attack the enemy's posts. On the 15th of
-March they were engaged at _Tsekee_, and the heights of _Segaon_,
-which were captured; and the ROYAL IRISH also took part in forcing
-the _Chankee-pass_: they returned to Ningpo on the 17th of March.
-
-Three companies of the EIGHTEENTH were withdrawn from Koolangsoo
-at the end of March, and proceeded in a steam-vessel to Ningpo,
-to reinforce the garrison: in April two companies proceeded from
-Ningpo to Chinhae. One company was afterwards withdrawn from
-Chinhae and five from Ningpo, to take part in the expedition
-against the fortified city of _Chapoo_, under the command of
-Lieut.-Colonel Tomlinson. A landing was effected on the 18th of
-May; British prowess was again conspicuous, and the EIGHTEENTH were
-distinguished for their heroic bearing at the attack and capture of
-this place, on which occasion Lieut.-Colonel NICHOLAS R. TOMLINSON
-fell at the head of the regiment, "in full career of renown,
-honoured by the corps, and lamented by all."[33]
-
-The loss of the regiment at the capture of this place was
-Lieut.-Colonel Tomlinson, one serjeant, and three rank and file
-killed; Lieutenants Edward Jodrell and Alexander Murray, one
-serjeant, one drummer, and twenty-seven rank and file wounded.
-Major Jeremiah Cowper was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel on
-the 19th May, 1842, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel Tomlinson; and
-Brevet Major John Grattan received the Majority. These brilliant
-successes had taught the Chinese the true character of British
-skill, spirit of enterprise, and valour, yet, with unaccountable
-infatuation, the authorities of the "Celestial empire" still looked
-for success, and their resistance gave the EIGHTEENTH opportunities
-of gaining additional honours. In June six companies of the
-regiment were employed in an expedition up the Yangtse-Keang river,
-and took part in the capture of the fortified post of _Woosung_,
-and also in the capture of _Poonshau_; they afterwards advanced
-against the city of _Shanghae_, which was taken possession of
-without opposition.
-
-The company of the regiment stationed at Chinhae was withdrawn to
-take part in active operations, and seven companies sailed with the
-expedition to carry on operations against _Chin-Keang-foo_, one
-of the strongest and most important cities of China. To proceed
-on this enterprise the fleet left Woosung on the 6th of July, the
-Chinese troops were driven from _Suyshan_, and on the 20th of July
-the armament approached Chin-Keang-foo. A landing was effected,
-and the EIGHTEENTH evinced the same intrepidity and valour in the
-attack of the enemy's entrenched camp, and at the capture of the
-city by storm, on the 21st of July, for which they had previously
-been distinguished. On passing through the city and suburbs, the
-troops witnessed the painful spectacle of hundreds of the dead
-bodies of men, women, and children, lying in the houses, numerous
-families having destroyed themselves sooner than outlive the
-disgrace of their city being captured by foreigners.
-
-The ROYAL IRISH regiment had Captain Charles J. Russell Collinson
-and two soldiers killed; Lieutenant Scroope Bernard, one serjeant,
-and fifteen rank and file wounded.
-
-This brilliant success of the British arms filled the Chinese
-empire with consternation and dismay, and the English General
-prepared to carry his victorious troops into the heart of the
-empire, and attack _Nankin_, the ancient capital of China, to
-which place the fugitives from Chin-Keang-foo had fled for refuge.
-Embarking on the 29th of July to carry out this important object,
-the armament proceeded against the celebrated city of Nankin, where
-the ROYAL IRISH and other corps arrived on the 9th of August, when
-a great portion of the troops landed, and the ancient capital of
-China was environed by the British naval and land forces. This
-decisive step produced the desired results; the court of China
-could no longer hope that its legions would eventually arrest the
-victorious career of the British arms, and conditions of peace were
-acceded to; the Chinese paying an indemnity, and ceding a portion
-of territory to the British crown.
-
-Thus terminated a war in which the EIGHTEENTH, or the ROYAL IRISH,
-regiment, had acquired additional reputation; a hostile nation had
-been impressed with a just sense of the capabilities of the English
-arms; and important commercial and national advantages had been
-acquired for the British empire.
-
-Her Majesty, in consideration of the gallantry displayed by the
-troops employed on the coasts and rivers of China, was graciously
-pleased to permit the EIGHTEENTH (ROYAL IRISH), twenty-sixth,
-forty-ninth, fifty-fifth, and ninety-eighth regiments, and Royal
-Artillery, to bear on their colours and appointments the word
-"_China_," and the device of the "_Dragon_," in commemoration of
-their distinguished services.
-
-After the termination of the contest, the EIGHTEENTH sailed from
-Nankin to the island of Chusan, where they arrived in October:
-the head-quarters sailed for Koolangsoo on the 17th of November,
-leaving four companies of the regiment at Chusan.
-
-[Sidenote: 1843]
-
-The regiment remained at Koolangsoo during the year 1843.
-
-[Sidenote: 1844]
-
-On the 1st of April the light company embarked at Koolangsoo, and
-arrived at Chusan on the 10th of that month. The head-quarters
-proceeded from Koolangsoo to Chusan in the middle of May, and
-remained there during the year.
-
-[Sidenote: 1845]
-
-The head-quarters of the regiment proceeded from Chusan to Hong
-Kong on the 22nd of February: the left wing arrived at Hong Kong
-from Chusan on the 12th of May.
-
-[Sidenote: 1846]
-
-During the year 1846 the regiment remained at Hong Kong.
-
-[Sidenote: 1847]
-
-The head-quarters, consisting of twenty-four officers, thirty-four
-serjeants, seven drummers, and four hundred and sixty-eight
-rank and file, embarked at Hong Kong for active service on the
-1st of April, 1847, and were employed during the combined naval
-and military operations on the Canton river under Major-General
-D'Aguilar, C.B., and returned to Hong Kong on the morning of
-the 9th of April, 1847, leaving a detachment at Canton of three
-officers, six serjeants, and sixty-two men, which returned to Hong
-Kong on the 2nd of June following.
-
-The regiment, consisting of twenty-five officers and six hundred
-and fifty-two men, embarked at Hong Kong for Calcutta on the 20th
-of November, 1847.
-
-[Sidenote: 1848]
-
-The regiment arrived at Calcutta on the 10th of January, 1848, and
-occupied the barracks at Fort William, where it continued to be
-stationed on the 1st of June, 1848, at which period the record is
-concluded.
-
-The foregoing pages, after diligent research, contain, as far as
-possible, a faithful detail of the services of the EIGHTEENTH,
-ROYAL IRISH, REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-The career of this highly honorable corps can only be appreciated
-as a public body, and as a portion of the military force of the
-British empire, after a perusal of its gallant deeds in the various
-situations and services on which it has been employed.
-
-The circumstance of its first formation in the reign of King
-Charles II.,--of its adhesion to King James II. on his succeeding
-to the British throne in 1685,--and of the severe test to which the
-army was exposed at the Revolution in 1688,--all prove the value of
-the corps, and the difficulties with which its principal officers
-had to contend at a period when the English nation was endeavouring
-to rid itself of a sovereign of Popish principles, and to establish
-a Protestant Government.
-
-The decided conduct of the EIGHTEENTH, ROYAL IRISH, regiment on the
-commencement of the Revolution in 1688, and throughout the contest
-in Ireland until 1691, evinced a steady loyalty and determination,
-on which King William III. found he could rely.
-
-The same confidence was placed in this regiment by King William
-during the campaigns in Flanders from 1691 to 1697, for which the
-most distinguished honours were conferred by His Majesty on the
-corps on account of its heroic services.
-
-In the war of the Spanish Succession, during the reign of Queen
-Anne, from 1702 to 1712, the EIGHTEENTH, ROYAL IRISH, regiment is
-recorded as having shared in the numerous sieges and victories
-under the Duke of Marlborough, as detailed in the Regimental Record.
-
-After the cessation of hostilities by the Treaty of Utrecht, in
-1713, the services of the regiment were equally efficient and
-useful in the British possessions, particularly at the island of
-Minorca, from whence it proceeded in 1727 to Gibraltar, when the
-Spaniards again besieged that fortress.
-
-The ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT was again employed in Flanders during the
-war of the Austrian Succession, from 1743 to 1748.
-
-The regiment shared also in the arduous duties of the British
-troops employed during the early part of the American war, which
-commenced in 1775.
-
-The next important service on which the EIGHTEENTH, ROYAL
-IRISH, regiment was engaged, was the ever-memorable campaign of
-the British army in Egypt, which succeeded in repelling from
-that country the French army, which had vainly styled itself
-"invincible," and through the efforts of which Napoleon Bonaparte
-intended to open a route to India, and thereby disturb, if not
-annihilate, the British possessions in Asia.
-
-After returning from Egypt, the services of this valuable regiment
-were employed in guarding the colonial possessions in the West
-Indies for a period of twelve years, during which the British army
-acquired additional honours and distinctions by its services in the
-Peninsula, which terminated in 1814, and afterwards by the decisive
-battle and overthrow of the French army at Waterloo.
-
-The EIGHTEENTH was employed on garrison duty from 1821 to 1832 in
-the islands of the Mediterranean.
-
-In 1837 the regiment was embarked for Ceylon, and in 1840 it formed
-part of the expedition to the Chinese seas, and by its gallantry
-eventually compelled the government of the "_Celestial empire_" to
-cede a portion of territory to the British Crown, and to pay an
-indemnity for losses sustained: the word _China_ and the device of
-the _Dragon_, authorized by Her Majesty to be borne on the colours
-and appointments of the regiment, are proud memorials of its
-services in this distant scene of warfare, which was a novel arena,
-not only to the EIGHTEENTH, but to European troops generally. The
-regiment was again employed during the military operations on the
-Canton river in 1847, and towards the close of that year proceeded
-to the East Indies.
-
-After a service of twelve years in the eastern parts of the world,
-the EIGHTEENTH, ROYAL IRISH, regiment has received instructions to
-be prepared to return to its native country, on being relieved by
-the _ninety-sixth_ regiment from the New South Wales Colony.
-
-In drawing this summary, the compiler could not conclude the record
-of the arduous services of so meritorious a regiment, without an
-endeavour to do justice to its loyalty and devotedness to ten
-successive sovereigns, and to its zeal and usefulness in the cause
-of its country, during a period of one hundred and sixty-five years.
-
-
-1848.
-
-
-[Illustration: EIGHTEENTH,
-
-ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT.
-
-_Madeley lith 3 Wellington S^t Strand_
-
-FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS.]
-
-
-
-
-SUCCESSION OF COLONELS
-
-OF THE
-
-EIGHTEENTH,
-
-OR THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
-ARTHUR VISCOUNT OF GRANARD.
-
-_Appointed 1st April, 1684._
-
-ARTHUR FORBES, son of Sir Patrick Forbes, a Baronet of Nova Scotia,
-was a cavalry officer in the Royal army during the rebellion in
-the reign of King Charles I., and attained the rank of Colonel
-in 1646. In 1651 he held a considerable command in the north of
-Scotland, and after the defeat of the Scots army at Worcester on
-the 3rd of September, 1651, Colonel Forbes opposed the progress
-of the English under General Monk, afterwards Duke of Albemarle,
-but was eventually defeated, and fled to Ireland, where he was
-permitted by Oliver Cromwell to possess his paternal estate. He
-took an active part in bringing about the Restoration in 1660, and
-was appointed one of the commissioners of the Court of Claims in
-Ireland: he was also nominated captain of an independent troop of
-horse, and elected a member of Parliament for Mullingar. He took an
-active part in preventing the breaking out of a conspiracy against
-the government in Ireland, in 1663; in 1670 he was sworn a member
-of the Privy Council, and nominated Marshal of the army,--a rank
-not continued in the service; and in 1671 he was constituted one
-of the Lords Justices of Ireland. His services were rewarded, in
-1675, with the dignity of Baron Clanehugh, and VISCOUNT OF GRANARD;
-and in April, 1684, his Lordship was nominated Colonel of one of
-the regiments, formed of independent companies in Ireland, at
-that period, now the EIGHTEENTH, or the ROYAL IRISH regiment. In
-September following he was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General,
-and two months afterwards he was advanced to the dignity of EARL
-OF GRANARD. In March, 1685, King James II. nominated the EARL OF
-GRANARD one of the Lords Justices of the kingdom, and he was also
-appointed Chairman of the Council; in 1686 his Lordship resigned
-the colonelcy of the regiment in favour of his son, Arthur Lord
-Forbes. Being pressed upon to proceed with unusual severity against
-the Protestants, he wrote to the King for permission to resign;
-but His Majesty wrote an answer with his own hand, requesting him
-to continue in office: he, however, advocated the cause of the
-Protestants with so much warmth, that he was dismissed by King
-James in March, 1689. The Earl of Granard attached himself to the
-interests of King William III. He was sworn of the Privy Council
-in December, 1690; and he commanded the troops at the reduction of
-Sligo, in 1691.
-
-The Earl of Granard built the Church of Castle-Forbes, and
-established the linen manufactory at that place. He died in 1694.
-
-
-ARTHUR LORD FORBES.
-
-_Appointed 1st March, 1686._
-
-ARTHUR LORD FORBES, son of the Earl of Granard, held a commission
-in the army in Ireland in the reign of King Charles II., and in
-1686 he succeeded his father in the colonelcy of the regiment
-which is now the EIGHTEENTH, or the ROYAL IRISH regiment. He
-was a spirited young nobleman, and succeeded in retaining more
-Protestants in his regiment than were to be found in any other
-corps in the army in Ireland. He joined the Prince of Orange at the
-Revolution in 1688, when he withdrew from the service. He succeeded
-to the dignity of EARL OF GRANARD on the decease of his father in
-1694. He died in August, 1734.
-
-
-SIR JOHN EDGEWORTH.
-
-_Appointed 31st December, 1688._
-
-This officer held a commission in the army in the reign of King
-Charles II., and was appointed Captain of a non-regimented company
-of pikemen and musketeers in Ireland. He was afterwards promoted
-to the Majority of the Earl of Granard's regiment, now EIGHTEENTH,
-which corps he accompanied to England at the Revolution in 1688,
-when he joined the Prince of Orange's interest, and was promoted
-to the Colonelcy of his regiment. Being afterwards found guilty
-of irregularity in providing clothing for his regiment, he was
-dismissed the service.
-
-
-EDWARD EARL OF MEATH.
-
-_Appointed 1st May, 1689._
-
-The Honourable EDWARD BRABAZON, second son of Edward, second
-Earl of Meath, was appointed Captain of a non-regimented company
-of pikemen and musketeers in the summer of 1661, and he was
-afterwards nominated keeper of the royal parks in Ireland, and
-ranger of Phœnix Park, near Dublin. He subsequently commanded
-a troop of cuirassiers; but falling under the displeasure of
-the lord-lieutenant, the Earl of Essex, he was removed from his
-appointments: he was, however, restored to favour at a subsequent
-period. In 1684 he succeeded, on the death of his brother, to the
-dignity of EARL OF MEATH. He joined the Prince of Orange at the
-Revolution of 1688, and in May, 1689, he was appointed Colonel of
-the EIGHTEENTH regiment, which corps he accompanied to Ireland,
-and served at the siege of Carrickfergus and at the battle of the
-Boyne; he also evinced great gallantry at the siege of Limerick,
-where he was wounded. He was sworn a member of the Privy Council
-in December, 1690. After the deliverance of Ireland from the power
-of King James was accomplished, he chose to remain in that country
-in order to devote himself to its interests, and withdrew from the
-army. He died in 1708.
-
-
-FREDERICK HAMILTON.
-
-_Appointed 19th December, 1692._
-
-FREDERICK HAMILTON rose to the command of one of the independent
-companies in Ireland in the reign of King Charles II., and in 1684
-his company was incorporated in Lord Mountjoy's regiment. Being a
-zealous Protestant, Captain Hamilton was deprived of his commission
-by Earl Tyrconnel, and remained unemployed until the Revolution of
-1688, when King William III. gave him a company in Lord Forbes's,
-now the EIGHTEENTH foot, and promoted him to the Majority of the
-regiment. He accompanied the EIGHTEENTH to Ireland, served at
-the siege of Carrickfergus, the battle of the Boyne, and at the
-storming of Limerick, where he distinguished himself, and was
-promoted to the Lieut.-Colonelcy of the regiment, in succession to
-Lieut.-Colonel Newcomb, who was mortally wounded. He served at the
-siege of Athlone, and at the battle of Aghrim, in 1691; also at the
-second siege of Limerick: and in 1692 he commanded the regiment
-in the expedition under Meinhardt Duke of Leinster; in December
-of the same year he succeeded the Earl of Meath in the Colonelcy
-of the EIGHTEENTH regiment. He served the campaign of 1694 under
-King William, and in 1695 he distinguished himself at the siege of
-Namur, and was wounded at the assault of the Castle. In May, 1702,
-he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, and the four
-regiments under his command were engaged in the sieges of Venloo
-and Ruremonde. He also commanded a brigade during the campaign
-of 1703; was promoted to the rank of Major-General on the 1st of
-February, 1704, and served the campaign of that year in Germany,
-taking part in gaining the victories at Schellenberg and Blenheim.
-Having become advanced in years and infirm, he retired from the
-service in 1705, Queen Anne giving him permission to sell the
-colonelcy of his regiment to Lieut.-General Ingoldsby.
-
-
-RICHARD INGOLDSBY.
-
-_Appointed 1st April, 1705._
-
-RICHARD INGOLDSBY entered the army in the reign of King Charles
-II., his first commission being dated the 13th of June, 1667. He
-adhered to the Protestant interest at the Revolution in 1688, and
-served under King William III., who promoted him to the Colonelcy
-of the Twenty-third Regiment in February, 1693. He commanded the
-Twenty-third at the siege of Namur, in 1695, and in June, 1696,
-he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General. On the breaking
-out of the war in 1701, he was sent to Holland with a body of
-British troops, and he highly distinguished himself during several
-campaigns under the great Duke of Marlborough. He was promoted to
-the rank of Major-General on the 9th of March, 1702, and served in
-that capacity during the campaigns of that and the following year.
-In January, 1704, he was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General,
-and his name is found among the officers who distinguished
-themselves at the battles of Schellenberg and Blenheim. After
-acquiring a high reputation in the field, he was honoured with the
-appointments of one of Her Majesty's Lords Justices, and Master of
-the Horse for Ireland. He died on the 29th of January, 1712.
-
-
-RICHARD STEARNE.
-
-_Appointed 18th February, 1712._
-
-This officer commences a journal of his services in the following
-words:--"In the year 1678 I got a commission from King Charles II.
-to be Ensign to Captain John St. Ledger's company, then one of
-the independent companies of Ireland; and in the following year I
-was made Lieutenant to the same company. In the year 1684 all the
-independent troops and companies in Ireland were incorporated into
-regiments; Captain St. Ledger's company being one of those that
-composed the regiment commanded by the Earl of Granard"--now the
-EIGHTEENTH, or ROYAL IRISH regiment of foot. He accompanied his
-regiment to England at the Revolution in 1688, and on the 1st of
-March, 1689, he was appointed Captain of the company to which he
-belonged. He served with his regiment in Ireland, at the siege of
-Carrickfergus, the battle of the Boyne, the sieges of Limerick and
-Athlone, the battle of Aghrim, and the second siege of Limerick,
-besides several detached services. In 1692 he was promoted to the
-majority of his regiment. He served in the expedition under the
-Duke of Leinster; and afterwards joining the army in Flanders, was
-at the siege of Namur, where his regiment distinguished itself and
-acquired the title of the ROYAL IRISH regiment: Lieut.-Colonel
-Ormsby being killed on this occasion, King William promoted Major
-STEARNE to the lieut.-colonelcy of the regiment. He served in the
-Netherlands and Germany during the whole of the wars of Queen
-Anne, was at the battles of Schellenberg, Blenheim, Ramilies,
-Oudenarde, and Malplaquet, and also at the forcing of the French
-lines in 1705, 1710, and 1711, and took part in numerous sieges,
-at which the EIGHTEENTH distinguished themselves. Lieut.-Colonel
-Stearne was promoted to the rank of Colonel in 1707, and to that
-of Brigadier-General in 1711; in 1712 he was rewarded with the
-colonelcy of his regiment; he was also nominated Governor of the
-Royal Hospital at Dublin. He concludes the journal of his numerous,
-distinguished, and meritorious services in the following words:--
-
-"In the month of May, 1717, the regiment received orders to
-march to Portsmouth, and there I take my leave of them, for, in
-the month of January following, His Majesty gave me leave to
-resign my regiment to Colonel William Cosby, after having served
-six crowned heads of England, and been forty years attached to
-one company without ever being removed from it; having made
-twenty-one campaigns; having been in seven field-battles--fifteen
-sieges--seven grand attacks on counterscarps and breaches--two
-remarkable retreats--at the passing of four of the enemy's
-lines--besides several other petty actions; and, through God's
-assistance, never had one drop of blood drawn from me in all
-those actions. After I had disposed of my regiment, I went to my
-government in Ireland." Brigadier-General Stearne died on the 1st
-of November, 1732.
-
-
-WILLIAM COSBY.
-
-_Appointed 24th December, 1717._
-
-WILLIAM COSBY was many years an officer in the cavalry of the royal
-household, and rose to the rank of Lieutenant and Lieut.-Colonel
-of the first troop, now first regiment, of life guards; from
-which he was promoted, in December, 1717, to the colonelcy of
-the EIGHTEENTH, or the ROYAL IRISH regiment. He accompanied the
-EIGHTEENTH to Minorca, and commanded a detachment of five hundred
-men sent from that island to Gibraltar, when the Spaniards besieged
-that fortress in 1727. He was subsequently nominated Governor
-of the Leeward Islands, and in January, 1732, he was appointed
-Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief of New York and New Jersey,
-when he relinquished the colonelcy of his regiment. In 1735 he was
-promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General. He died on the 2nd of
-May, 1737.
-
-
-SIR CHARLES HOTHAM, BART.
-
-_Appointed 7th January, 1732._
-
-CHARLES HOTHAM entered the army in the reign of Queen Anne, and
-served on the Continent under the great Duke of Marlborough. In
-1723 he succeeded to the dignity of a Baronet. He was nominated to
-the colonelcy of the EIGHTEENTH, or the ROYAL IRISH regiment, in
-1732, and removed to the second troop of horse grenadier guards in
-1735. He died in 1738.
-
-
-JOHN ARMSTRONG.
-
-_Appointed 13th May, 1735._
-
-This officer entered the army in 1704, and served with
-reputation under the celebrated John Duke of Marlborough. After
-distinguishing himself on several occasions he was promoted to
-the lieut.-colonelcy of the fifteenth regiment, and was promoted
-to the rank of Colonel in December, 1712. In 1717 he obtained
-the colonelcy of a newly-raised regiment, which was disbanded in
-the following year. He was rewarded with the colonelcy of the
-EIGHTEENTH, and promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, in 1735,
-and in 1739 he was advanced to the rank of Major-General. He died
-on the 15th of April, 1742.
-
-
-SIR JOHN MORDAUNT, K.B.
-
-_Appointed 18th December, 1742._
-
-On the 25th of August, 1721, this officer entered the army, and
-after a progressive service of several years he rose to the rank
-of Captain and Lieut.-Colonel in the third foot guards, from
-which he was promoted to the colonelcy of a newly-raised corps,
-now forty-seventh, in 1741, and was removed to the EIGHTEENTH
-regiment in the following year. Having been promoted to the
-rank of Brigadier-General in June, 1745, he commanded a brigade
-against the rebel army, and distinguished himself, at the battle
-of Falkirk, on the 17th of January, 1746. He afterwards served
-under His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland, and was detached
-with two regiments of dragoons and the Campbell Highlanders in
-pursuit of the rebels on their retreat from Stirling. At the
-decisive battle of Culloden he commanded a brigade of infantry,
-and gained additional reputation; and afterwards proceeding to the
-Netherlands, he distinguished himself at the head of a brigade at
-the battle of Val, in 1747. In the autumn of the same year he was
-promoted to the rank of Major-General; he was afterwards removed
-to the twelfth dragoons, and in July, 1749, to the fourth horse,
-now seventh dragoon guards; in November following he was removed to
-the tenth dragoons. He was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General
-in 1754, and to that of General in 1770. His services were also
-rewarded with the dignity of Knight of the Most Honourable Military
-Order of the Bath, and the government of Berwick. He died in
-October, 1780.
-
-
-JOHN FOLLIOTT.
-
-_Appointed 22nd December, 1747._
-
-After serving with reputation in the subordinate commissions, this
-officer was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the seventh horse,
-now sixth dragoon guards, in June, 1737, and his constant attention
-to all the duties of commanding officer of that distinguished corps
-was rewarded, in June, 1743, with the colonelcy of the sixty-second
-regiment (afterwards disbanded); from which he was removed, in
-1747, to the ROYAL IRISH regiment. He was promoted to the rank of
-Major-General in 1754, and to that of Lieut.-General in 1758; he
-was also nominated Governor of Ross Castle. He died in January,
-1762, at which period he was Member of Parliament for Sligo.
-
-
-SIR JOHN SEBRIGHT, BART.
-
-_Appointed 1st April, 1762._
-
-JOHN SEBRIGHT was many years an officer in the first foot guards,
-in which corps he was promoted to the rank of Captain and
-Lieut.-Colonel on the 2nd of May, 1749; and in October, 1758, he
-was nominated to the colonelcy of the eighty-third foot. In 1761
-he was promoted to the rank of Major-General; and was removed to
-the ROYAL IRISH regiment in the following year. On the decease of
-his brother in 1765, he succeeded to the dignity of BARONET. He
-was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General in 1770, and to that of
-General in 1782. His decease occurred on the 23rd of February, 1794.
-
-
-SIR JAMES MURRAY, BART.
-
-_Appointed 26th February, 1794._
-
-JAMES MURRAY served in the army in the Seven Years' War, and was
-appointed Major in the ninety-seventh foot in April 1762: in the
-following year his regiment was disbanded. In 1771 he succeeded,
-on the decease of his father, to the dignity of BARONET. He was
-promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel in 1772; and served with
-reputation in the American war, particularly at the defence of
-St. Christopher. In 1789 he was honoured with the appointment of
-Aide-de-camp to the King, with the rank of Colonel; and in 1793 he
-was appointed Adjutant-General to the army in Flanders, commanded
-by His Royal Highness the Duke of York, and promoted to the rank of
-Major-General; and while employed on the Staff in Flanders he was
-nominated Colonel of the EIGHTEENTH regiment, his commission being
-dated the 26th of February, 1794. Having married the Countess of
-Bath, he assumed the surname and arms of PULTENEY. In the summer
-of 1800 he commanded an expedition against the fortress of Ferrol,
-in Spain; after viewing the town and defences he resolved not to
-lose time in attacking this place, but to join the armament under
-Lieut.-General Sir Ralph Abercromby. In 1807 he was nominated
-Secretary at War, and held that appointment two years: in 1808 he
-was promoted to the rank of General. His decease occurred on the
-26th of April, 1811, and was occasioned by an injury received from
-the explosion of a powder-flask while shooting on his estate at
-Buckenham, in Norfolk.
-
-
-JOHN H. LORD HUTCHINSON, K.B.
-
-_Appointed 27th April, 1811._
-
-The Honourable JOHN HELY HUTCHINSON entered the army in January,
-1774, as Cornet in the eighteenth light dragoons, and in October,
-1776, he was promoted Captain of a company in the sixty-seventh
-regiment: in 1777 he was elected a Member of Parliament for
-Cork. On the 21st of September, 1781, he was advanced to Major
-in the seventy-seventh, or Atholl Highlanders, in which corps
-he rose to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel in 1783; but his regiment
-was disbanded soon after the termination of the American war.
-Having previously studied tactics at Strasburg, he again visited
-the Continent, and acquired additional information on military
-subjects. Soon after the commencement of the French revolutionary
-war he returned to the United Kingdom; was promoted to the rank
-of Colonel on the 1st of March, 1794; and, taking great interest
-in raising the ninety-fourth regiment, he was appointed Colonel
-of that corps in October. He served two campaigns in Flanders, as
-extra Aide-de-camp to Sir Ralph Abercromby. He was promoted to
-the rank of Major-General in 1796; and, serving in Ireland during
-the rebellion in 1798, he was second in command at the action at
-Castlebar. He also served in the expedition to Holland in 1799,
-and honourable mention is made of his gallant conduct in the public
-despatches. Having given proof of his capabilities as a General
-officer, he was nominated second in command in the expedition to
-Egypt, under Lieut.-General Sir Ralph Abercromby; and after the
-death of that officer, from wounds received in the action of the
-21st of March, the command of the troops devolved on Major-General
-Hutchinson, who found himself suddenly placed at the head of the
-army under circumstances of a peculiarly difficult character. In
-the subsequent operations in Egypt he evinced talent and energy,
-sustaining the honour of his Sovereign, promoting the glory of his
-country, and forcing the French "Army of the East" to evacuate
-Egypt. For his services in this enterprise he twice received the
-thanks of both Houses of Parliament; he gained the approbation
-of his Sovereign, was nominated a Knight of the Bath, received
-the Order of the Crescent from the Grand Seignior, was elevated
-to the peerage by the title of BARON HUTCHINSON OF ALEXANDRIA
-and of Knocklofty in the county of Tipperary, and received an
-important addition to his income: he was also nominated Governor of
-Stirling Castle. In 1803 his Lordship was promoted to the rank of
-Lieut.-General.
-
-The subsequent services of Lord Hutchinson were of a diplomatic
-character: in November, 1806, he proceeded on an extraordinary
-mission to the Prussian and Russian armies; and he afterwards
-proceeded to the court of St. Petersburg. In 1806 he was nominated
-to the colonelcy of the fifty-seventh regiment, and was removed,
-in 1811, to the ROYAL IRISH regiment: in 1813 he was promoted to
-the rank of General. On the decease of his brother, in 1825, he
-succeeded to the title of EARL OF DONOUGHMORE. He died on the 6th
-of July, 1832.
-
-
-MATTHEW LORD AYLMER.
-
-_Appointed 23rd July, 1832._
-
-
-THE END.
-
-
-London: Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street, For
-Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
-
-
-FOOTNOTES:
-
-[6] This regiment has furnished several historians of its early
-services. The first is General Richard Stearne, who was nominated
-ensign of one of the independent companies in 1678, and colonel of
-the regiment in 1712: his narrative comprises a period of forty-one
-years,--viz. from 1678 to 1719, and is continued by an officer of
-the regiment to 1759: this work is in manuscript. The journal of
-Captain Parker, who entered the regiment as private in 1689, rose
-to the rank of captain, and retired in 1718, embraces the services
-of the regiment during that period, and was afterwards published
-by his son. General Richard Kane, who was many years an officer of
-the regiment, gives an account of its services, in the wars of King
-William III. and of Queen Anne, in a work on military discipline.
-Private Millner also published a journal of the campaigns from 1701
-to 1712. No other regiment has produced so many historians of its
-services.
-
-[7] Smollett.
-
-[8] General Stearne, Captain Parker, Bishop Burnett, Smollett, &c.
-
-[9] _List of Irish Troops which came to England at the Revolution
-in 1688._
-
- Number of Officers
- and Soldiers.
-
- Colonel Butler's dragoons, disbanded by the Prince of Orange 635
- Battalion of Foot Guards ditto 641
- LORD FORBES'S Regiment, now the EIGHTEENTH, or ROYAL IRISH 771
- Major-General Hamilton's regt., disbanded by the Prince of
- Orange 771
- ----
- Total 2818
- _Official Records._
-
-
-[10] General Stearne's Journal. A similar statement is also given
-in Captain Parker's Memoirs.
-
-[11] Story's History of the War in Ireland.
-
-[12] This list is from Story's History of the War in Ireland; the
-Journals of General Stearne and Captain Parker say six officers
-killed and eight wounded, but do not give their names.
-
-[13] The Baron De Ghinkel was born in Guelderland: he commenced
-his military career in early life, and obtained the Order of the
-Elephant from the Prince of Orange for services in Flanders. He
-accompanied King William III to Ireland in 1690, and served under
-Marshal Duke Schomberg, and afterwards under Count Solms: he was
-appointed to succeed the latter in the chief command of the army in
-Ireland, and after the termination of the war in 1691, his Majesty
-conferred on him the honor of the Irish peerage with the title of
-_Earl of Athlone_ and _Viscount Aghrim_: he died at Utrecht in 1705.
-
-[14] The rank of the several regiments of the British Army was
-first regulated by a Board of General Officers assembled in the
-Netherlands, by command of King William III., on the 10th June,
-1694.
-
-Another Board of General Officers was assembled by order of Queen
-Anne in 1713, to decide on the rank and precedence of regiments
-raised subsequently to 1694.
-
-A third Board was assembled, by command of King George I., in 1715,
-for the same purpose.
-
-These Boards recommended that English regiments, raised in England,
-should take rank from the dates of their formation; and that
-English, Scots, and Irish regiments, raised for the service of
-a foreign power, should take rank from the dates of their being
-placed on the English establishment.
-
-The numerical titles of regiments, as fixed on the principle laid
-down in the reports of the Boards of General Officers, above
-alluded to, were confirmed by the warrant issued by authority of
-King George II., dated 1st July, 1751,--and also by the warrant of
-King George III., dated 19th December, 1768.
-
-[15] See Note inserted at page 46.
-
-[16] A similar statement is made in General Stearne's Journal, and
-is corroborated by other evidence.
-
-[17] This list is from D'Auvergne's History of the Campaigns in
-Flanders. General Stearne gives a greater number; as he appears to
-include slight wounds not noticed in the official returns. Captain
-Parker's statement agrees with the above.
-
-[18] General Stearne's Journal.
-
-[19] Colonel John Churchill was created Baron Churchill on the 14th
-May, 1685;--Earl of Marlborough on the 9th April, 1689;--and Duke
-of Marlborough on the 14th December, 1702.
-
-[20] The British regiments at the siege of Venloo were the eighth,
-thirteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth, under Brigadier-General F.
-Hamilton and Lieut.-General Lord Cutts.
-
-[21] Boyer's Annals of Queen Anne. The regimental historians do not
-give the names of the officers in their lists of killed and wounded
-on this occasion.
-
-[22] This list is taken from General Stearne's Journal; he, being
-lieut.-colonel commanding the regiment at the time, had every
-opportunity of being well acquainted with its loss. His list does
-not correspond exactly with that given by Captain Parker. In the
-list in Boyer's 'Annals of Queen Anne,' there is another wounded
-officer included, viz. Lieutenant Weddle.
-
-[23] The names of the officers killed and wounded are not given.
-Captain Parker states that he was wounded; his list says seven
-officers killed and eight wounded.
-
-[24] This corps was styled _foot-guards_ in the reigns of King
-Charles II. and King James II.; the second battalion came to
-England at the Revolution, and was disbanded by the Prince of
-Orange. The first battalion adhered to King James, and at the
-treaty of Limerick, in 1691, transferred its services to the crown
-of France.
-
-[25] Alluding to both regiments bearing the Irish Harp on their
-Colours.
-
-[26] The following curious statement is inserted in Lieut.-Colonel
-Stearne's journal:--"During the siege of Aire, provisions were very
-scarce; but one thing gave the soldiers relief, and it is indeed
-almost incredible--and it was the hoards of corn which the mice had
-laid up in store-houses in the earth, which our men found, and came
-home daily loaded with corn, which they got out of these hoards."
-Captain Parker alludes to the same circumstance, and adds,--"These
-hoards were from four to six feet under ground, and in many of them
-our men found some pecks of corn."
-
-[27] On the appointment of _Lieut.-Colonel Stearne_ to the
-colonelcy, Captain Parker states,--"He had served in the regiment
-from its establishment, and, _being a brave and gallant man_, he
-rose gradually, by long service and good fortune, until, from an
-ensign, he became our colonel."
-
-[28] See Note inserted at page 14.
-
-[29] Continuation of General Stearne's Journal.
-
-[30] The Warrant of the 1st July, 1751, issued by command of King
-George II., contained regulations for the Standards, Colours,
-Clothing, &c., of the regiments of Cavalry and Infantry, in order
-to ensure uniformity throughout the army. In this warrant it was
-directed, that in the centre of each colour the _Number_ of the
-rank of the regiment should be painted or embroidered in gold
-Roman characters. In the colours of those regiments authorised
-to bear any _Royal Devices_, or _Ancient Badges_, the _Rank_ of
-the regiment should be painted, or embroidered, towards the upper
-corner.
-
-A Warrant was also issued by King George III., on the 19th
-December, 1768, containing regulations on the same subject.
-
-[31] Lieut.-General Stuart's despatch.
-
-[32] Major-General Sir Hugh Gough's despatch.
-
-[33] Sir Hugh Gough's despatch.
-
-
-
-
- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE
-
- Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
- corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
- the text and consultation of external sources.
-
- Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
- and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example,
- Hong Kong, Hong-Kong; foot-guards, foot guards; situate; harquebus;
- enrol; ensanguined.
-
- Pg xxxiii, 'Curaçoa' replaced by 'Curaçao'.
- Pg 45, sidenote '1746' was moved up one paragraph to a more
- relevant position.
- Pg 61, 'Curaçoa' replaced by 'Curaçao'.
- Pg 87, 'Willam Cosby' replaced by 'William Cosby'.
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Eighteenth or
-The Royal Irish Regiment of Foot: From, by Richard Cannon
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Eighteenth or The
-Royal Irish Regiment of Foot: From Its For, by Richard Cannon
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: Historical Record of the Eighteenth or The Royal Irish Regiment of Foot: From Its Formation in 1684 to 1848
-
-Author: Richard Cannon
-
-Release Date: October 18, 2016 [EBook #53308]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-
-<div class="transnote">
-<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p>
-
-<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
-corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the
-text and consultation of external sources.</p>
-
-<p>More detail can be found at <a href="#TN">the end of the book.</a></p>
-</div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-
-<h1>
-<span class="lsp">HISTORICAL RECORD</span><br />
-<br />
-<span class="xxs">OF</span><br />
-<br />
-<span class="xxl">THE EIGHTEENTH,</span><br />
-<br />
-<span class="xxs">OR</span><br />
-<br />
-<span class="xl">THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT;</span></h1>
-
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">CONTAINING</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs100">AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT<br />
-IN 1684,</p>
-<p class="pfs100">AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES<br />
-TO 1848.</p>
-
-<p class="p4" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-
-<p class="p1 pfs70">COMPILED BY</p>
-
-<p class="pfs120">RICHARD CANNON, <span class="smcap">Esq.</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="pfs70 lsp">ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS.</p>
-
-<p class="p1" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-
-<p class="p2 pfs120">LONDON:</p>
-<p class="pfs120 lsp">PARKER, FURNIVALL, &amp; PARKER,</p>
-<p class="pfs90">30, CHARING CROSS.</p>
-
-<hr class="r5a" />
-<p class="pfs70">MDCCCXLVIII.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-<p class="p10" />
-
-<p class="pfs70">LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET,<br />
-FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i">[Pg i]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2><span class="lsp2">GENERAL ORDERS.</span></h2>
-
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<p class="p2 right small"><em>HORSE-GUARDS</em>,</p>
-<p class="right small padr1"><em>1st January</em>, 1836.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">His Majesty has been pleased to command that,
-with the view of doing the fullest justice to Regiments,
-as well as to Individuals who have distinguished
-themselves by their Bravery in Action
-with the Enemy, an Account of the Services of
-every Regiment in the British Army shall be published
-under the superintendence and direction of
-the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall
-contain the following particulars, viz.:&mdash;</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">&mdash;&mdash; The Period and Circumstances of the Original
-Formation of the Regiment; The Stations at which it
-has been from time to time employed; The Battles,
-Sieges, and other Military Operations in which it has
-been engaged, particularly specifying any Achievement
-it may have performed, and the Colours,
-Trophies, &amp;c., it may have captured from the
-Enemy.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">&mdash;&mdash; The Names of the Officers, and the number of
-Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or
-Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the place and
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii">[ii]</a></span>Date of the Action.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">&mdash;&mdash; The Names of those Officers who, in consideration
-of their Gallant Services and Meritorious
-Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have
-been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other
-Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">&mdash;&mdash; The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned
-Officers, and Privates, as may have
-specially signalized themselves in Action.</p>
-
-<p>And,</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">&mdash;&mdash; The Badges and Devices which the Regiment
-may have been permitted to bear, and the
-Causes on account of which such Badges or Devices,
-or any other Marks of Distinction, have been
-granted.</p>
-
-<p class="right padr4">By Command of the Right Honorable</p>
-<p class="right padr2">GENERAL LORD HILL,</p>
-<p class="right"><em>Commanding-in-Chief</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="p2 right smcap">John Macdonald,</p>
-<p class="right padr1"><em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[iii]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2><span class="lsp2">PREFACE.</span></h2>
-
-
-<p class="noindent">The character and credit of the British Army must
-chiefly depend upon the zeal and ardour by which
-all who enter into its service are animated, and
-consequently it is of the highest importance that any
-measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation,
-by which alone great and gallant actions are achieved,
-should be adopted.</p>
-
-<p>Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment
-of this desirable object than a full display of the noble
-deeds with which the Military History of our country
-abounds. To hold forth these bright examples to
-the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to
-incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those
-who have preceded him in their honorable career,
-are among the motives that have given rise to the
-present publication.</p>
-
-<p>The operations of the British Troops are, indeed,
-announced in the "London Gazette," from whence
-they are transferred into the public prints: the
-achievements of our armies are thus made known at
-the time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[iv]</a></span>
-of praise and admiration to which they are entitled.
-On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of Parliament
-have been in the habit of conferring on the Commanders,
-and the Officers and Troops acting under
-their orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks
-for their skill and bravery; and these testimonials,
-confirmed by the high honour of their Sovereign's
-approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier
-most highly prizes.</p>
-
-<p>It has not, however, until late years, been the practice
-(which appears to have long prevailed in some of
-the Continental armies) for British Regiments to keep
-regular records of their services and achievements.
-Hence some difficulty has been experienced in obtaining,
-particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic
-account of their origin and subsequent services.</p>
-
-<p>This defect will now be remedied, in consequence
-of His Majesty having been pleased to command
-that every Regiment shall, in future, keep a full and
-ample record of its services at home and abroad.</p>
-
-<p>From the materials thus collected, the country
-will henceforth derive information as to the difficulties
-and privations which chequer the career of those who
-embrace the military profession. In Great Britain,
-where so large a number of persons are devoted to
-the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures,
-and commerce, and where these pursuits have, for so<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[v]</a></span>
-long a period, being undisturbed by the <em>presence of
-war</em>, which few other countries have escaped, comparatively
-little is known of the vicissitudes of active
-service and of the casualties of climate, to which,
-even during peace, the British Troops are exposed in
-every part of the globe, with little or no interval of
-repose.</p>
-
-<p>In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which
-the country derives from the industry and the enterprise
-of the agriculturist and the trader, its happy
-inhabitants may be supposed not often to reflect on
-the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,&mdash;on
-their sufferings,&mdash;and on the sacrifice of valuable life,
-by which so many national benefits are obtained and
-preserved.</p>
-
-<p>The conduct of the British Troops, their valour,
-and endurance, have shone conspicuously under great
-and trying difficulties; and their character has been
-established in Continental warfare by the irresistible
-spirit with which they have effected debarkations in
-spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the
-gallantry and steadiness with which they have maintained
-their advantages against superior numbers.</p>
-
-<p>In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders,
-ample justice has generally been done to
-the gallant exertions of the Corps employed; but
-the details of their services and of acts of individual<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span>
-bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the
-various Regiments.</p>
-
-<p>These Records are now preparing for publication,
-under his Majesty's special authority, by Mr.
-<span class="smcap">Richard Cannon</span>, Principal Clerk of the Adjutant
-General's Office; and while the perusal of them cannot
-fail to be useful and interesting to military men
-of every rank, it is considered that they will also
-afford entertainment and information to the general
-reader, particularly to those who may have served in
-the Army, or who have relatives in the Service.</p>
-
-<p>There exists in the breasts of most of those who
-have served, or are serving, in the Army, an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Esprit
-de Corps</i>&mdash;an attachment to everything belonging
-to their Regiment; to such persons a narrative of
-the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove
-interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of
-the great, the valiant, the loyal, have always been
-of paramount interest with a brave and civilized
-people. Great Britain has produced a race of heroes
-who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood
-"firm as the rocks of their native shore:" and when
-half the world has been arrayed against them, they
-have fought the battles of their Country with unshaken
-fortitude. It is presumed that a record of
-achievements in war,&mdash;victories so complete and surprising,
-gained by our countrymen, our brothers,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span>
-our fellow citizens in arms,&mdash;a record which revives
-the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant
-deeds before us,&mdash;will certainly prove acceptable to
-the public.</p>
-
-<p>Biographical Memoirs of the Colonels and other
-distinguished Officers will be introduced in the
-Records of their respective Regiments, and the
-Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to
-time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying
-the value and importance of its services, will be
-faithfully set forth.</p>
-
-<p>As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record
-of each Regiment will be printed in a distinct number,
-so that when the whole shall be completed, the
-Parts may be bound up in numerical succession.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span><br />
- <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[ix]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2><span class="fs80">INTRODUCTION</span><br />
-<span class="xxs">TO</span><br /><br />
-<span class="xl lsp2">THE INFANTRY.</span></h2>
-
-<hr class="r20a" />
-<hr class="r20a" />
-
-<p class="p2 noindent">The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been
-celebrated for innate courage and unshaken firmness,
-and the national superiority of the British troops
-over those of other countries has been evinced in
-the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains
-so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery,
-that no doubts can be raised upon the facts which
-are recorded. It must therefore be admitted, that
-the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is
-<span class="smcap">Intrepidity</span>. This quality was evinced by the
-inhabitants of England when their country was
-invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, on
-which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into
-the sea to attack the Roman soldiers as they descended
-from their ships; and, although their discipline
-and arms were inferior to those of their
-adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing
-intimidated the flower of the Roman troops, including
-Cæsar's favourite tenth legion. Their arms
-consisted of spears, short swords, and other weapons
-of rude construction. They had chariots, to the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[x]</a></span>
-axles of which were fastened sharp pieces of iron
-resembling scythe-blades, and infantry in long
-chariots resembling waggons, who alighted and
-fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit
-or retreat, sprang into the chariot and drove off
-with the speed of cavalry. These inventions were,
-however, unavailing against Cæsar's legions: in
-the course of time a military system, with discipline
-and subordination, was introduced, and
-British courage, being thus regulated, was exerted
-to the greatest advantage; a full development of
-the national character followed, and it shone forth
-in all its native brilliancy.</p>
-
-<p>The military force of the Anglo-Saxons consisted
-principally of infantry: Thanes, and other men of
-property, however, fought on horseback. The
-infantry were of two classes, heavy and light.
-The former carried large shields armed with spikes,
-long broad swords and spears; and the latter were
-armed with swords or spears only. They had also
-men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and
-javelins.</p>
-
-<p>The feudal troops established by William the
-Conqueror consisted (as already stated in the Introduction
-to the Cavalry) almost entirely of horse;
-but when the warlike barons and knights, with their
-trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion
-of men appeared on foot, and, although
-these were of inferior degree, they proved stout-hearted
-Britons of stanch fidelity. When stipendiary
-troops were employed, infantry always constituted
-a considerable portion of the military force;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xi" id="Page_xi">[xi]</a></span>
-and this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i> has since acquired, in every quarter
-of the globe, a celebrity never exceeded by the
-armies of any nation at any period.</p>
-
-<p>The weapons carried by the infantry, during the
-several reigns succeeding the Conquest, were bows
-and arrows, half-pikes, lances, halberds, various
-kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour
-was worn on the head and body, and in course of
-time the practice became general for military men
-to be so completely cased in steel, that it was
-almost impossible to slay them.</p>
-
-<p>The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the
-destructive purposes of war, in the early part of the
-fourteenth century, produced a change in the arms
-and equipment of the infantry-soldier. Bows and
-arrows gave place to various kinds of fire-arms, but
-British archers continued formidable adversaries;
-and, owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect
-bore of the fire-arms when first introduced,
-a body of men, well trained in the use of the bow
-from their youth, was considered a valuable acquisition
-to every army, even as late as the sixteenth
-century.</p>
-
-<p>During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth
-each company of infantry usually consisted of
-men armed five different ways; in every hundred
-men forty were "<em>men-at-arms</em>," and sixty "<em>shot</em>;"
-the "men-at-arms" were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe
-men, and thirty pikemen; and the "shot" were
-twenty archers, twenty musketeers, and twenty
-harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides his
-principal weapon, a sword and dagger.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xii" id="Page_xii">[xii]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Companies of infantry varied at this period in
-numbers from 150 to 300 men; each company had
-a colour or ensign, and the mode of formation recommended
-by an English military writer (Sir John
-Smithe) in 1590 was:&mdash;the colour in the centre of
-the company guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen
-in equal proportions, on each flank of the
-halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank of
-the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers,
-and the harquebusiers (whose arms were
-much lighter than the muskets then in use) in equal
-proportions on each flank of the company for skirmishing.<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a>
-It was customary to unite a number of companies
-into one body, called a <span class="smcap">Regiment</span>, which
-frequently amounted to three thousand men: but
-each company continued to carry a colour. Numerous
-improvements were eventually introduced in the
-construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found
-impossible to make armour proof against the muskets
-then in use (which carried a very heavy ball) without
-its being too weighty for the soldier, armour was
-gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth
-century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse,
-and the infantry were reduced to two classes,
-viz.: <em>musketeers</em>, armed with matchlock muskets,
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiii" id="Page_xiii">[xiii]</a></span>swords, and daggers; and <em>pikemen</em>, armed with pikes
-from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords.</p>
-
-<p>In the early part of the seventeenth century
-Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, reduced the
-strength of regiments to 1000 men. He caused the
-gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in
-flasks, or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing
-a charge, to be made up into cartridges, and
-carried in pouches; and he formed each regiment
-into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division
-of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming
-four regiments into a brigade; and the number
-of colours was afterwards reduced to three in each
-regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that
-his infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated
-Polish horsemen and Austrian cuirassiers; and his
-armies became the admiration of other nations. His
-mode of formation was copied by the English,
-French, and other European states; but so great
-was the prejudice in favour of ancient customs, that
-all his improvements were not adopted until near a
-century afterwards.</p>
-
-<p>In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service,
-styled the Admiral's regiment. In 1678
-each company of 100 men usually consisted of 30
-pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with
-light firelocks. In this year the King added a company
-of men armed with hand-grenades to each of
-the old British regiments, which was designated the
-"grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived
-as to fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiv" id="Page_xiv">[xiv]</a></span>
-similar to those at present in use were adopted about
-twenty years afterwards.</p>
-
-<p>An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by
-order of King James II., to guard the artillery, and
-was designated the Royal Fusiliers (now 7th Foot).
-This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did
-not carry pikes.</p>
-
-<p>King William III. incorporated the Admiral's
-regiment in the second Foot Guards, and raised
-two Marine regiments for sea-service. During the
-war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting
-the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14
-pikemen and 46 musketeers; the captains carried
-pikes; lieutenants, partisans; ensigns, half-pikes;
-and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in 1697 the
-Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again
-formed on the breaking out of the war in 1702.<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a></p>
-
-<p>During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were
-laid aside, and every infantry soldier was armed
-with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the grenadiers
-ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades;
-and the regiments were directed to lay aside
-their third colour: the corps of Royal Artillery was
-first added to the Army in this reign.</p>
-
-<p>About the year 1745, the men of the battalion
-companies of infantry ceased to carry swords; during<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xv" id="Page_xv">[xv]</a></span>
-the reign of George II. light companies were added
-to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of
-General Officers recommended that the grenadiers
-should lay aside their swords, as that weapon had
-never been used during the Seven Years' War. Since
-that period the arms of the infantry soldier have been
-limited to the musket and bayonet.</p>
-
-<p>The arms and equipment of the British Troops have
-seldom differed materially, since the Conquest, from
-those of other European states; and in some respects
-the arming has, at certain periods, been allowed to
-be inferior to that of the nations with whom they
-have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage,
-the bravery and superiority of the British infantry
-have been evinced on very many and most trying
-occasions, and splendid victories have been gained
-over very superior numbers.</p>
-
-<p>Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like
-champions who have dared to confront a host of
-foes, and have proved themselves valiant with any
-arms. At <em>Crecy</em> King Edward III., at the head of
-about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August,
-1346, Philip King of France, whose army is said to
-have amounted to 100,000 men; here British valour
-encountered veterans of renown:&mdash;the King of Bohemia,
-the King of Majorca, and many princes and
-nobles were slain, and the French army was routed
-and cut to pieces. Ten years afterwards, Edward
-Prince of Wales, who was designated the Black
-Prince, defeated, at <em>Poictiers</em>, with 14,000 men,
-a French army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry,
-and took John I., King of France, and his son<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvi" id="Page_xvi">[xvi]</a></span>
-Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, 1415,
-King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000
-men, although greatly exhausted by marches, privations,
-and sickness, defeated, at <em>Agincourt</em>, the
-Constable of France, at the head of the flower of
-the French nobility and an army said to amount to
-60,000 men, and gained a complete victory.</p>
-
-<p>During the seventy years' war between the United
-Provinces of the Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy,
-which commenced in 1578 and terminated
-in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the
-States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable
-spirit and firmness;<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> and in the thirty
-years' war between the Protestant Princes and the
-Emperor of Germany, the British Troops in the service
-of Sweden and other states were celebrated for
-deeds of heroism.<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> In the wars of Queen Anne,
-the fame of the British army under the great
-<span class="smcap">Marlborough</span> was spread throughout the world;
-and if we glance at the achievements performed
-within the memory of persons now living, there is
-abundant proof that the Britons of the present age
-are not inferior to their ancestors in the qualities
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvii" id="Page_xvii">[xvii]</a></span>which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds
-of the brave men, of whom there are many now
-surviving, who fought in Egypt in 1801, under the
-brave Abercromby, and compelled the French army,
-which had been vainly styled <em>Invincible</em>, to evacuate
-that country; also the services of the gallant
-Troops during the arduous campaigns in the Peninsula,
-under the immortal <span class="smcap">Wellington</span>; and the
-determined stand made by the British Army at
-Waterloo, where Napoleon Bonaparte, who had
-long been the inveterate enemy of Great Britain,
-and had sought and planned her destruction by
-every means he could devise, was compelled to
-leave his vanquished legions to their fate, and to
-place himself at the disposal of the British Government.
-These achievements, with others of recent
-dates in the distant climes of India, prove that the
-same valour and constancy which glowed in the
-breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, Agincourt,
-Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the
-Britons of the nineteenth century.</p>
-
-<p>The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust
-and muscular frame,&mdash;intrepidity which no danger
-can appal,&mdash;unconquerable spirit and resolution,&mdash;patience
-in fatigue and privation, and cheerful obedience
-to his superiors. These qualities,&mdash;united with
-an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate
-and give a skilful direction to the energies and
-adventurous spirit of the hero, and a wise selection
-of officers of superior talent to command, whose
-presence inspires confidence,&mdash;have been the leading
-causes of the splendid victories gained by the British<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xviii" id="Page_xviii">[xviii]</a></span>
-arms.<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> The fame of the deeds of the past and
-present generations in the various battle-fields where
-the robust sons of Albion have fought and conquered,
-surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory;
-these achievements will live in the page of history to
-the end of time.</p>
-
-<p>The records of the several regiments will be found
-to contain a detail of facts of an interesting character,
-connected with the hardships, sufferings, and gallant
-exploits of British soldiers in the various parts of the
-world, where the calls of their Country and the commands
-of their Sovereign have required them to
-proceed in the execution of their duty, whether in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xix" id="Page_xix">[xix]</a></span>
-active continental operations, or in maintaining colonial
-territories in distant and unfavourable climes.</p>
-
-<p>The superiority of the British infantry has been
-pre-eminently set forth in the wars of six centuries,
-and admitted by the greatest commanders which
-Europe has produced. The formations and movements
-of this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i>, as at present practised, while
-they are adapted to every species of warfare, and to
-all probable situations and circumstances of service,
-are well suited to show forth the brilliancy of military
-tactics calculated upon mathematical and scientific
-principles. Although the movements and evolutions
-have been copied from the continental armies, yet
-various improvements have from time to time been
-introduced, to ensure that simplicity and celerity by
-which the superiority of the national military character
-is maintained. The rank and influence which
-Great Britain has attained among the nations of the
-world have in a great measure been purchased by
-the valour of the Army, and to persons who have the
-welfare of their country at heart the records of the
-several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting.</p>
-
-
-<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> A company of 200 men would appear thus:&mdash;</p>
-
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="structure of a company">
-<tr><td colspan="4"></td><td>&nbsp; <img src="images/026-flag.jpg" width="20" alt="flag" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td>
- <td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc"></td></tr>
-<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Halberds.</td>
- <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td></tr>
-<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td>
- <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p>The musket carried a ball which weighed <span class="small"><sup>1</sup></span>/<span class="xs"><sub>10</sub></span>th of a pound; and the
-harquebus a ball which weighed <span class="small"><sup>1</sup></span>/<span class="xs"><sub>25</sub></span>th of a pound.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps
-in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign of
-Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under
-Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and
-in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at
-the siege of Barcelona in 1705.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed
-in 1590, observes:&mdash;"I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation
-would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the field,
-let them be chosen where they list." Yet at this time the Spanish
-infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. For
-instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during the
-Seventy Years' War, see the Historical Record of the Third Foot, or
-Buffs.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> <em>Vide</em> the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of
-Foot.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> "Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes
-the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in Egypt to
-that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but His Majesty
-desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed on the consideration
-of every part of the army, that it has been a strict observance of order,
-discipline, and military system, which has given the full energy to the
-native valour of the troops, and has enabled them proudly to assert the
-superiority of the national military character, in situations uncommonly
-arduous, and under circumstances of peculiar difficulty."&mdash;<em>General
-Orders in 1801.</em>
-</p>
-<p>
-In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope (afterwards
-Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the successful result
-of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, 1809, it is stated:&mdash;"On
-no occasion has the undaunted valour of British troops ever been more
-manifest. At the termination of a severe and harassing march, rendered
-necessary by the superiority which the enemy had acquired, and
-which had materially impaired the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages
-were to be encountered. These have all been surmounted by
-the conduct of the troops themselves; and the enemy has been taught,
-that, whatever advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there
-is inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows not
-how to yield,&mdash;that no circumstances can appal,&mdash;and that will ensure
-victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any human means."</p>
-</div></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxii" id="Page_xxii">[xxii]</a></span><br />
- <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxiii" id="Page_xxiii">[xxiii]</a></span></p>
-
-<p class="pfs135">THE EIGHTEENTH,</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">OR</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs120">THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT,</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">BEARS ON THE REGIMENTAL COLOUR</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs100 lsp">"THE HARP AND CROWN,"</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs70">AS THE BADGES OF DISTINCTION CONNECTED WITH ITS ROYAL TITLE;</p>
-
-<hr class="r15" />
-<p class="pfs90">THE ARMS OF NASSAU,</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">WITH THE MOTTO</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs90">"VIRTUTIS NAMURCENSIS PREMIUM,"</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">AS A LASTING TESTIMONY OF THE GALLANTRY DISPLAYED IN THE STORMING</p>
-<p class="pfs70">AND CAPTURE OF THE CASTLE OF NAMUR IN 1695 IN THE</p>
-<p class="pfs70">PRESENCE OF HIS MAJESTY KING WILLIAM III.;</p>
-
-<hr class="r15" />
-<p class="pfs90">THE WORD "EGYPT" WITH THE "SPHINX,"</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">IN COMMEMORATION OF ITS DISTINGUISHED SERVICES IN THE EXPULSION OF</p>
-<p class="pfs70">THE FRENCH ARMY FROM EGYPT IN THE YEAR 1801;</p>
-
-<hr class="r15" />
-<p class="pfs70">AND</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs90">THE WORD "CHINA" WITH THE "DRAGON,"</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">FOR ITS SERVICES IN THE WAR WITH CHINA FROM 1840 TO 1842.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxiv" id="Page_xxiv">[xxiv]</a></span><br />
- <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxv" id="Page_xxv">[xxv]</a></span></p>
-
-<p class="pfs150">EIGHTEENTH,</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs70">OR</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs120">THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="r15" />
-<h2 class="no-brk"><span class="lsp">CONTENTS</span></h2>
-
-<p class="pfs70">OF THE</p>
-
-<p class="pfs135 lsp">HISTORICAL RECORD.</p>
-
-<hr class="r15" />
-
-<div class="center fs90">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="">
-<tr><td class="tdc xs">YEAR</td><td></td><td class="tdr xs">PAGE</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1684</td><td class="tdl">Formation of the regiment in Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Arthur Earl of Granard appointed to be Colonel</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_2">2</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1685</td><td class="tdl">Decease of King Charles II.</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Accession of King James II.</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarkation of the regiment for England</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture and execution of the Duke of Monmouth</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Regiment re-embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1686</td><td class="tdl">Proceedings in Ireland in favour of the Roman Catholics</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Arthur Lord Forbes appointed Colonel in succession to the Earl of Granard</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1687</td><td class="tdl">Encamped on the Curragh of Kildare</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1688</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for England</td><td class="tdr">4</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The Prince of Orange arrived from Holland</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Adhesion of a certain number of the officers and soldiers to the Protestant cause</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The Protestant officers and soldiers marched into Hertfordshire with the regiment</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The Irish Roman Catholic soldiers sent to the Isle of Wight</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxvi" id="Page_xxvi">[xxvi]</a></span>
- 1688</td><td class="tdl">Lord Forbes retired from the service, and succeeded in the Colonelcy by Sir John Edgeworth</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Colonel &mdash;&mdash; Talbot, Earl Tyrconnel, appointed by King James II. as Lord-lieutenant of Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The Prince of Orange elevated to the throne with the title of King William III.</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1689</td><td class="tdl">Regiment marched to Chester</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Sir John Edgeworth deprived of his commission, and succeeded in the Colonelcy by Edward Earl of Meath</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Arrival of King James II. in Ireland, with troops from France</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">King William III. assembled an army at Chester</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Regiment marched to Highlake, and embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at the siege of Carrickfergus</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Encamped at Dundalk</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Quartered at Lisburn during the winter</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1690</td><td class="tdl">King William III. arrived in Ireland and assumed the command of the army</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of the Boyne</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Dublin, and reviewed at Finglass</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Detached against Castle-Connell</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in an unsuccessful assault upon Limerick</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege of Limerick raised</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched towards Mullingar</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to the relief of Birr</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Stationed at Mullingar during the winter</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1691</td><td class="tdl">Detachment advanced towards Dunmore</td><td class="tdr">&ndash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Quitted Mullingar, and engaged in the siege of Ballymore</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in the siege of Athlone</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; at the battle of Aghrim</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched against Galway</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in the siege and capture of Limerick</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Termination of hostilities in Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxvii" id="Page_xxvii">[xxvii]</a></span>
- 1692</td><td class="tdl">Regiment embarked for England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Naval action off La Hogue, and French fleet nearly destroyed</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Menace of French invasion ceased</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Projected expedition to the coast of France</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Certain regiments ordered to Flanders</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Regiment landed at Ostend</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of Furnes and Dixmude</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Re-embarked for England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Lieut.-Colonel F. Hamilton promoted to the Colonelcy in succession to the Earl of Meath, retired</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1693</td><td class="tdl">Embarked as Marines on board the fleet</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Disembarked and proceeded to Norwich</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched to London, and reviewed by King William III. in Hyde Park</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ostend</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1694</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Louvain</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in the siege of Huy</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched into winter quarters at Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Rank of the regiment fixed as EIGHTEENTH of the infantry of the line</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1695</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at the siege of Namur</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; in storming the castle of Namur</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">King William III. conferred on the regiment the title of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL REGIMENT OF FOOT OF IRELAND</span>,
- with the <span class="fs70">HARP IN A BLUE FIELD AND THE CROWN OVER IT</span>, the privilege of bearing his own arms, <span class="fs70">THE LION OF NASSAU</span>, on its colours; with the motto <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virtutis Namurcensis Premium</i></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Title afterwards changed to "<span class="fs70">THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT</span>"</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Surrender of the fortress of Namur</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched into winter quarters at Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1696</td><td class="tdl">Served under the Prince of Vaudemont</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1697</td><td class="tdl">Joined the army of Brabant under King William III.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxviii" id="Page_xxviii">[xxviii]</a></span>
- 1697</td><td class="tdl">Termination of the war, and treaty of Ryswick</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked at Ostend for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Arrived at Cork</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1699</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Waterford, thence to Dublin</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1700</td><td class="tdl">Removed to Kinsale</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1701</td><td class="tdl">Hostilities recommenced with France</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Holland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Reviewed on Breda Heath by King William III.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1702</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Rosendael</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at the siege of Kayserswerth</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; in skirmish near Nimeguen</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The Earl of Marlborough assumed the command of the allied army</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in the siege of Venloo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Extraordinary attack of Fort St. Michael</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at the siege and capture of Ruremonde</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; of Liège</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Retired to Holland, and entered winter quarters at Huesden</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1703</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at the siege and capture of Huy</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; at the siege and capture of Limburg</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Breda</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1704</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded from Breda to the Danube</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Joined the Imperial army</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Schellenberg</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Crossed the Danube</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and capture of Rayn</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Blenheim</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marshal Tallard and many officers and soldiers made prisoners</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Holland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1705</td><td class="tdl">General Ingoldsby appointed to be Colonel, in the place of General Hamilton (retired)</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Maestricht</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in the recapture of Huy</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Passed the works of Helixem and Neer-Hespen</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to winter quarters in Holland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1706</td><td class="tdl">Advanced to Tongres</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxix" id="Page_xxix">[xxix]</a></span>
- 1706</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Ramilies</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Surrender of Brussels, Lierre, Ghent, Bruges, &amp;c.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; of Oudenarde and Antwerp</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and surrender of Ostend</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Attack and surrender of the fortress of Menin</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of the fortress of Aeth</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to winter quarters at Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1707</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in active field-movements</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1708</td><td class="tdl">Re-embarked at Ostend for England to repel invasion by the Pretender</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Flanders</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Recaptured Ghent and Bruges from the French</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Oudenarde</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and surrender of Lisle</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_34">34</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1709</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; of Tournay</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Malplaquet</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Extraordinary collision between the two regiments called "<em>Royal Regiments of Ireland</em>:" one in the <em>English</em> service, the other in the <em>French</em> service, both regiments bearing the <em>Irish Harp</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_36">36</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Employed in the siege of Mons</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched into winter quarters in Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1710</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in forcing the lines at Pont-à-Vendin</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; at the siege of Douay</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; at the siege of Bethune</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; at the siege of Aire</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Ghent</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1711</td><td class="tdl">Passage of the French lines at Arleux</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and capture of Bouchain</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched into winter quarters at Lisle</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_40">40</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1712</td><td class="tdl">Lieut.-Colonel Stearne promoted to be Colonel in succession to General Ingoldsby (deceased)</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched from Lisle, and encamped beyond Bouchain</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Joined the army under the Duke of Ormond</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Suspension of hostilities</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxx" id="Page_xxx">[xxx]</a></span>
- 1713</td><td class="tdl">Rank of the Royal Irish Regiment as 18th regiment of foot in the English army, directed to take date from the time of its arrival in England, in 1688</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_40">40</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Conclusion of the treaty of peace at Utrecht</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1714</td><td class="tdl">Remained in the garrison of Ghent until the Barrier Treaty was signed</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Reception of the Duke and Duchess of Marlborough on passing through Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1715</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England on account of the rebellion of the Earl of Mar, leaving the Lieut.-Colonel and 100 men in the castle of Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Landed at Greenwich, marched to Gloucester, and thence to Oxford</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1716</td><td class="tdl">Rencontre at Oxford, in consequence of acts of disloyalty evinced in that town</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1717</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Portsmouth</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_42">42</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Lieut.-Colonel William Cosby promoted to the Colonelcy in succession to General Stearne, who retired</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1718</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Minorca</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1727</td><td class="tdl">Detachment of 500 men proceeded from Minorca to reinforce the garrison of Gibraltar, besieged by the Spaniards</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1732</td><td class="tdl">Sir Charles Hotham, Bart., appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to General Cosby, appointed Governor-in-Chief of New York</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1735</td><td class="tdl">Colonel John Armstrong appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to Sir Charles Hotham</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1742</td><td class="tdl">Colonel John Mordaunt appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to General Armstrong</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned from Minorca to England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1744</td><td class="tdl">Reviewed on Hounslow Heath by Field-Marshal the Duke of Cumberland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1745</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Flanders</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Landed at Ostend, and marched to Mons</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxxi" id="Page_xxxi">[xxxi]</a></span>
- 1745</td><td class="tdl">Re-embarked for England in consequence of Charles Edward, son of the Pretender, having landed in Scotland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Landed at Gravesend, and embarked for Leith</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1747</td><td class="tdl">Colonel John Folliott appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to General Sir J. Mordaunt</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1748</td><td class="tdl">Returned from Scotland to England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Conclusion of the treaty of peace at Aix la Chapelle</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1749</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1751</td><td class="tdl">Royal warrant issued for regulating the clothing, colours, &amp;c.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1755</td><td class="tdl">War recommenced with France</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for England, marched to Edinburgh</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1757</td><td class="tdl">Re-embarked for Ireland, and remained there during the Seven Years' War</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1762</td><td class="tdl">General Sir John Sebright, Bart., appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to General Folliott (deceased)</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1767</td><td class="tdl">Embarked from Ireland for North America</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1775</td><td class="tdl">Commencement of war with America</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at the village of Lexington</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_48">48</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to destroy American stores at Concord</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in the battle at Bunker's Hill</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1776</td><td class="tdl">Quitted Boston and embarked for Nova Scotia</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for England and stationed at Dover Castle</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1778</td><td class="tdl">Encamped at Coxheath</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1779</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; at Warley</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1780</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; at Finchley</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1782</td><td class="tdl">Termination of the American war</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Jersey</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1783</td><td class="tdl">Removed to Guernsey</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in quelling a mutiny in the 104th Regiment</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Received the thanks of the Lieut.-Governor and of the States of the Island, accompanied by one hundred guineas for
- <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxxii" id="Page_xxxii">[xxxii]</a></span>
- distribution among the non-commissioned officers and soldiers, for their loyal and spirited conduct</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1783</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Portsmouth, and embarked for Gibraltar</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1793</td><td class="tdl">Embarked from Gibraltar to take possession of Toulon in aid of the French loyalists and in the name of Louis XVII.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Evacuated Toulon after destroying the shipping, arsenal, and magazines</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1794</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for the Island of Corsica</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and capture of the town and fortress of Calvi</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">General Sir James Pulteney, Bart., appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to General Sir John Sebright, Bart., deceased</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_54">54</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1796</td><td class="tdl">Withdrawn from the Island of Corsica</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to the Island of Elba</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for the coast of Italy, and took possession of Campiglia, Castiglione, and Piombino</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Re-embarked for Elba</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_55">55</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1797</td><td class="tdl">Removed to Gibraltar</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1800</td><td class="tdl">Embarked from Gibraltar for service in the Mediterranean</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Minorca</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Sailed to Genoa to co-operate with the Austrians</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Minorca</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked on an expedition against Cadiz</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Sailed to Gibraltar on the design of the expedition being relinquished</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded again to Minorca</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Sailed to Malta, and joined the armament under Lieut.-General Sir Ralph Abercromby</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Sailed to Marmorice Bay</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Alexandria, and anchored in the Bay of Aboukir</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxxiii" id="Page_xxxiii">[xxxiii]</a></span>
- 1801</td><td class="tdl">Landed at Aboukir</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Advanced to Alexandria</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Alexandria on the 21st of March</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_58">58</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Death of Sir Ralph Abercromby</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Rosetta</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Captured Fort St. Julian</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Advanced up the banks of the Nile</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in operations at El Aft and Rahmanie</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_59">59</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and capture of the city of Cairo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Surrender of Alexandria, and expulsion of the French from Egypt</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Authorized to bear the <em>Sphinx</em> with the word <em>Egypt</em></td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Malta</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_60">60</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1802</td><td class="tdl">Treaty of Peace concluded at Amiens</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1803</td><td class="tdl">War with France recommenced</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Augmented to two battalions</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Two battalions embarked for Scotland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Received a complimentary letter from the magistrates and clergy of Haddington</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1804</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Landed at Ramsgate and encamped on Barham Downs</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_61">61</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Second battalion embarked for Jersey</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1805</td><td class="tdl">First battalion embarked for Jamaica</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1807</td><td class="tdl">Second battalion embarked for <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note&mdash;Original text: 'Curaçoa'">Curaçao</ins></td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1809</td><td class="tdl">First battalion embarked for St. Domingo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">St. Domingo surrendered by the French</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">First battalion returned to Jamaica</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1810</td><td class="tdl">Second battalion embarked for England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1811</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; proceeded to Jersey</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">General Lord Hutchinson, afterwards Earl of Donoughmore, appointed to the Colonelcy in succession to General Sir James Pulteney, Bart., deceased</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1814</td><td class="tdl">Termination of the war with France</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Disbandment of the second battalion</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxxiv" id="Page_xxxiv">[xxxiv]</a></span>
- 1817</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England from Jamaica</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_63">63</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1817</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Brighton</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Furnished the guard of H. R. H. the Prince Regent at the Pavilion</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1818</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Gosport</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Received the thanks and approbation of the public authorities of several of the principal places in Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1820</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Cork</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1821</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Malta</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1824</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for the Ionian Islands</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_64">64</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Received the testimonial of General the Marquis of Hastings</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1832</td><td class="tdl">Embarked at Corfu for England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_65">65</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Appointment of General Lord Aylmer to the Colonelcy in succession to General the Earl of Donoughmore, deceased</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1834</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1837</td><td class="tdl">Formed into Six Service and Four Depôt Companies preparatory to embarkation for Foreign Service</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Service companies embarked for Ceylon</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1838</td><td class="tdl">Depôt companies embarked from Dublin for England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1839</td><td class="tdl">Removed from Colombo to Trincomalee</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Three companies embarked from Portsmouth</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1840</td><td class="tdl">War commenced with China</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Six companies embarked from Ceylon for China</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_66">66</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of the Island of Chusan</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; city of Ting-hae-hien</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1841</td><td class="tdl">Possession taken of Hong-Kong</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Regiment sailed up the Canton river, and the City of Canton surrendered</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_69">69</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of the Island and City of Amoy</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_70">70</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; Island of Koolangsoo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Island of Chusan again taken possession of</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of the City of Chinhae</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxxv" id="Page_xxxv">[xxxv]</a></span>
- 1841</td><td class="tdl">Capture of the City of Ningpo</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_72">72</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1842</td><td class="tdl">Four companies stationed at Ningpo, and five companies at Koolangsoo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Defeat of the Tartars and Chinese in an attack upon Ningpo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of Tsekee, and heights of Segaon</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_73">73</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Forced the Chankee Pass</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Attack and capture of the city of Chapoo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Employed on an expedition up the Yangtse-Keang river</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_74">74</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of Woosung, Poonshau, and the city of Shanghae</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of the city of Chin Keang-foo by storm</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Nankin, the ancient Capital of China</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_75">75</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Conditions of Peace agreed</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The word "<em>China</em>" and the device of the "<em>Dragon</em>" authorized to be borne on the colours and appointments</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded from Nankin to Chusan</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1843</td><td class="tdl">Head-quarters at Koolangsoo</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; removed to Chusan</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1845</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash; to Hong-Kong</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1847</td><td class="tdl">Embarked at Hong-Kong, and engaged in operations on the Canton River</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Hong-Kong</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Calcutta</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1848</td><td class="tdl">Arrived at Fort William, Bengal</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The Conclusion</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td></tr>
-</table></div>
-
-<p class="p4" />
-<hr class="r10a" />
-<p class="center">1848.</p>
-<hr class="r10a" />
-<p class="p4" />
-
-<h2 class="no-brk"><span class="fs80">PLATES.</span></h2>
-
-<div class="center fs90">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="">
-<tr><td class="tdl">Colours of the Eighteenth, Royal Irish Regiment,</td><td class="tdr"><em>to face</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#PL_I">1</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">Representation of the Battle of Blenheim, on the 13th August, 1704</td><td></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#PL_II">28</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">Costume of the Regiment</td><td></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#PL_III">80</a></td></tr>
-</table></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxxvi" id="Page_xxxvi">[xxxvi]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2>SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</h2>
-
-<p class="pfs70">OF THE</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs100">EIGHTEENTH, OR ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-
-<hr class="r15" />
-
-<div class="center fs90">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="">
-<tr><td class="tdc xs">YEAR</td><td></td><td class="tdr xs">PAGE</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1684</td><td class="tdl">Arthur, Viscount of Granard</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_81">81</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1686</td><td class="tdl">Arthur, Lord Forbes</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_82">82</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1688</td><td class="tdl">Sir John Edgeworth</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_83">83</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1689</td><td class="tdl">Edward, Earl of Meath</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1692</td><td class="tdl">Frederick Hamilton</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_84">84</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1705</td><td class="tdl">Richard Ingoldsby</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_85">85</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1712</td><td class="tdl">Richard Stearne</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1717</td><td class="tdl">William Cosby</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_87">87</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1732</td><td class="tdl">Sir Charles Hotham, Bart.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1735</td><td class="tdl">John Armstrong</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1742</td><td class="tdl">Sir John Mordaunt, K.B.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_88">88</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1747</td><td class="tdl">John Folliott</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_89">89</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1762</td><td class="tdl">Sir John Sebright, Bart.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1794</td><td class="tdl">Sir James Murray, Bart., afterwards Pulteney</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1811</td><td class="tdl">John Hely, Lord Hutchinson, K.B., afterwards Earl of Donoughmore</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_90">90</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1832</td><td class="tdl">Matthew, Lord Aylmer</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_91">91</a></td></tr>
-</table></div>
-
-<hr class="r30" />
-
-<div class="figcenter pg-brk">
-<a name="PL_I" id="PL_I"></a>
-<p class="center font-open">EIGHTEENTH.<br />
-ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT.<br />
-QUEEN'S COLOUR.</p>
-<img src="images/i_01a.jpg" width="650" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter pg-brk">
-<p class="center font-open">REGIMENTAL COLOUR.</p>
-<img src="images/i_01b.jpg" width="650" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">
-FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS
-<p><em>Madeley lith 3 Wellington S<sup>t</sup> Strand</em></p></div>
-</div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2><span class="fs80 lsp">HISTORICAL RECORD</span></h2>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs70">OF</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs150">THE EIGHTEENTH,</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs70">OR THE</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs120">ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-
-<p class="p2" />
-<hr class="r20a" />
-<hr class="r20a" />
-<p class="p2" />
-
-<div class="sidenote">1684</div>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">The Royal Irish Regiment of Foot</span> existed many
-years, as independent companies of pikemen and musketeers
-on the establishment of Ireland, previous to
-the formation of the regiment in 1684; several of these
-companies having been in the service of the Commonwealth
-in the time of Oliver Cromwell. At the Restoration
-in 1660, King Charles II. disbanded the army
-of the Commonwealth in England, and embodied several
-new corps. Little alteration was, however, made in
-the Irish forces, excepting the formation of a regiment
-of foot guards, called the "Royal Regiment of Ireland,"
-which, with about twenty independent troops of
-horse and eighty companies of foot, constituted the
-military force of Ireland. Towards the close of his
-reign, King Charles II. took particular interest in
-improving the organization of the military establishments
-of his dominions, and the Irish independent
-troops of horse were embodied into three regiments
-of cavalry; at the same time the companies of foot were<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span>
-constituted seven regiments of infantry. The colonelcy
-of one of these corps was conferred on <span class="smcap">Arthur Earl
-of Granard</span>, by commission dated the 1st of April,
-1684; it is the only one of these ten regiments which
-has continued in the service of the British crown; and
-it now bears the title of the <span class="smcap">Eighteenth</span>, or the <span class="smcap">Royal
-Irish Regiment of Foot</span>.<a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1685</div>
-
-<p>On the 6th of February, 1685, King Charles II.
-died, and was succeeded by his brother, James II.;
-and in June following James Duke of Monmouth
-erected the standard of rebellion in the west of England,
-and asserted his own pretensions to the throne.
-On this occasion the <span class="smcap">Earl of Granard's</span> regiment was
-ordered to proceed to England: it embarked from
-Dublin, landed at Park Gate, and marched to Chester.
-In a few days after its arrival in England the
-rebel army was overthrown at Sedgemoor, and the
-Duke of Monmouth was subsequently captured and
-beheaded; when the regiment returned to Ireland.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1686</div>
-
-<p>The King, being of the Roman Catholic persuasion,
-soon evinced a determination to use his utmost endeavours
-to subvert the Protestant religion and the constitution<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span>
-of the kingdom; commencing in Ireland,
-where the Catholics were more numerous than the Protestants.
-The Earl of Clarendon was nominated Lord-Lieutenant;
-but "Colonel &mdash;&mdash; Talbot, a furious Papist,
-was empowered to model the army, and he dismissed
-the greater part of the Protestant officers, filling
-their places with those of his own religion. After
-having performed this signal service, he came over
-to England, where he was created Earl Tyrconnel
-and lieut.-general of the Irish army."<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> The Earl
-of Granard, not approving of these proceedings, resigned
-the colonelcy of the regiment in favour of his
-son, <span class="smcap">Arthur Lord Forbes</span>, whose commission as colonel
-was dated the 1st of March, 1686.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1687</div>
-
-<p>In the summer of 1687, the regiment was encamped,
-with the other Irish corps, on the Curragh of Kildare;
-and the Earl Tyrconnel made a minute inspection of
-every troop and company, inquiring the name of
-every man, and discharging many because they were
-the descendants of men who had served Oliver Cromwell.
-When the regiment went into quarters, nearly
-all the Protestant officers and soldiers were dismissed
-from the service, a few only being retained to discipline
-the recruits, and the ranks were completed with men
-of the Roman Catholic religion.<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a></p>
-
-<p>Colonel <span class="smcap">Lord Forbes</span> being a spirited young
-nobleman of the Protestant religion, Earl Tyrconnel
-paid some deference to his Lordship, to avoid an open
-collision with so chivalrous an officer; and more Protestants
-were retained in <span class="smcap">Lord Forbes's</span> regiment than
-in any other Irish corps.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span></p><div class="sidenote">1688</div>
-
-<p>In the summer of 1688, the regiment was again encamped
-on the Curragh of Kildare. Meanwhile the
-proceedings of the Court in favour of Papacy and
-arbitrary government, had alarmed the kingdom, and a
-number of noblemen and gentlemen had invited the
-Prince of Orange to come to England with an army
-to support the Protestant interest. On this occasion
-<span class="smcap">Lord Forbes's</span> regiment was ordered to proceed to
-England:<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a> it landed at Chester, marched to London,
-and was quartered in the borough of Southwark.</p>
-
-<p>The Prince of Orange having passed Dover with a
-powerful armament, the regiment was ordered to march
-to Salisbury, where it joined King James's army a few
-days after the Prince had landed at Torbay, and
-marched to Exeter. The English army, which amounted
-to thirty thousand men, had not been remodelled
-as the Irish forces had been, but consisted principally
-of Protestant officers and soldiers, who refused to fight
-in the cause of Papacy and arbitrary government, and
-many of them joined the Prince of Orange. Under
-these circumstances, the King ordered the army to
-withdraw towards London, and <span class="smcap">Lord Forbes's</span> regiment
-marched to Colnbrook, where it was quartered<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span>
-when King James attempted to escape to France
-Lord Forbes waited on the Prince of Orange, who
-directed him to disband the Roman Catholic officers and
-soldiers, and to keep the Protestants to their colours:
-upwards of five hundred officers and soldiers were
-dismissed, and about two hundred Protestants, of all
-ranks, remained with the colours.</p>
-
-<p>In a few days after this event, a report was circulated
-that the Irish soldiers had commenced murdering the
-country people and setting fire to the villages in the
-south of England. This proved false; but on the first
-circulation of the report, Major Sir John Edgeworth,
-who commanded the regiment in the absence of Colonel
-Lord Forbes, who was with the Prince of Orange in
-London (the Lieut.-Colonel, Lord Brittas, being a
-Papist, had left the regiment), assembled the men at
-his quarters, and formed them on parade in the court
-of Lord Oslington's house, which was walled in. "The
-country people, hearing that an Irish regiment was
-there, came flocking from all parts to knock us on
-the head; but Sir John bid them, at their peril, not
-to approach, and told them we were not Irish Papists,
-but true Church of England men; and seeing among
-the crowd a gentleman, called to him, and desired he
-would send to the minister of the parish to read
-prayers to us, and if the minister did not convince
-them we were all of the Church of England, we would
-submit to their mercy. The minister was soon sent
-for, and to prayers we went, repeating the responses
-of the Liturgy so well and so exactly, that the
-minister declared to the mob he never before heard
-the responses of the Church of England prayers repeated
-so distinctly and with so much devotion,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span>
-upon which the mob gave a huzza, and cried '<em>Long
-live the Prince of Orange!</em>' and so returned home."<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a></p>
-
-<p>Soon afterwards the regiment marched to Hertfordshire,
-and the Protestant officers of Hamilton's Irish
-regiment were added to its numbers. The Irish Roman
-Catholic soldiers were sent prisoners to the Isle of Wight,
-and afterwards transferred to the service of the Emperor
-of Germany.</p>
-
-<p>Lord Forbes retiring from the service at this period,
-the Prince of Orange conferred the colonelcy of the
-regiment on Major Sir John Edgeworth, by commission
-dated the 31st of December, 1688: at the same time
-measures were adopted to recruit its diminished
-numbers.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1689</div>
-
-<p>In the beginning of April, 1689, the regiment
-marched to Chester, where it was stationed several
-weeks.</p>
-
-<p>Colonel Sir John Edgeworth having been guilty of
-irregularity in procuring clothing, viz., purchasing the
-old clothing of disbanded Roman Catholic soldiers,
-from the Jews, to supply the recruits, instead of providing
-new clothing, was deprived of his commission;
-and on the 1st of May, 1689, the colonelcy was conferred
-on <span class="smcap">Edward Earl of Meath</span>: Major Newcomb was
-appointed lieut.-colonel, and Captain Frederick Hamilton
-major.</p>
-
-<p>Early in May the regiment marched into Wales.</p>
-
-<p>Meanwhile the Prince of Orange had been elevated
-to the throne; but Earl Tyrconnel, who had been
-nominated lord-lieutenant of Ireland in the preceding<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span>
-year, had retained that country in the Roman Catholic
-interest; King James had arrived there with a body
-of French troops, and the whole country was subject to
-him, excepting Enniskillen and Londonderry, which
-were defended by Protestants. To rescue the suffering
-Protestants of Ireland from the power of their enemies,
-King William assembled an army at Chester, under
-Marshal Frederick Duke Schomberg; and the <span class="smcap">Earl
-of Meath's</span> regiment being selected for this service,
-marched to Highlake, where it embarked for Ireland,
-and landing at White-house, near Belfast, on the 22nd
-of August, joined the troops under Duke Schomberg,
-who had commenced the siege of <em>Carrickfergus</em>, which
-fortress surrendered a few days afterwards.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment advanced with the army to Dundalk,
-where a camp was formed on low, wet ground, which
-occasioned great loss of life among the troops from
-disease. No action of importance occurred during this
-campaign, and the regiment passed the winter in
-quarters at Lisburn, where it furnished a daily guard
-at Duke Schomberg's quarters: its ranks were completed
-by zealous Protestants, who were eager to
-enrol themselves under its colours, and it was the
-strongest corps in the army.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1690</div>
-
-<p>In the summer of 1690, King William arrived in
-Ireland, and the officers and soldiers of the regiment
-had the honor of serving under the eye of their Sovereign.
-They took part in the memorable battle of the
-<em>Boyne</em>, on the 1st of July, when the army of King
-William forced the passage of the river in the face of
-the French and Irish forces under King James, and
-gained a decisive victory.</p>
-
-<p>From the Boyne the regiment marched with the
-army towards Dublin, and at the general review at<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span>
-Finglass, on the 7th and 8th of July, it mustered six
-hundred and seventy-eight rank and file. It afterwards
-proceeded towards <em>Limerick</em>, where the defeated army
-of King James had rallied, and was prepared to make
-a determined stand. On arriving before the town, the
-regiment was detached, with three other corps, against
-<em>Castle-Connell</em>, which surrendered on being summoned.</p>
-
-<p>The British battering train was destroyed by a
-detachment of the enemy, before it arrived at the
-camp; but the King resolved to prosecute the siege,
-and on the 20th of August the grenadiers of the
-regiment, commanded by Captain Needham, with those
-of Lord Cutts's regiment under Captain Foxon, entered
-the trenches to storm one of the outworks near the
-south-east corner of the wall. At two o'clock in the
-afternoon the signal was given, when the grenadiers
-rushed forward under a heavy fire, threw a shower of
-hand-grenades into the outwork, and scaling the wall
-with distinguished gallantry, captured the fort, killing
-about fifty men, and making a captain and twelve men
-prisoners: the remainder of the garrison escaped into
-the town. The grenadiers maintained the post they
-had captured; a sortie of the enemy was repulsed;
-and when the soldiers of the regiment were relieved,
-they retired: as they withdrew, Captain Needham was
-killed by a random shot from the town.<a name="FNanchor_11_11" id="FNanchor_11_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_11_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a></p>
-
-<p>A breach being made in the wall, and the approaches
-carried to the foot of the glacis, the King ordered a
-general assault to be made, on the 27th of August, by
-half the grenadiers of the army, supported by seven
-battalions, to capture the covered way and two towers
-near the breach: the <span class="smcap">Earl of Meath's</span> regiment was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span>
-one of the corps selected for this service. The assault
-was made with great gallantry; but, owing to some
-misapprehension of orders, the attack failed, and the
-several regiments engaged were forced to retire to the
-trenches, with the loss of five hundred officers and
-soldiers killed, and upwards of a thousand wounded.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment had Lieutenant Latham and Ensign
-Smith killed; Lieut.-Colonel Newcomb died of his
-wounds; Colonel the Earl of Meath, Lieutenants Blakeney
-and Hubblethorn, wounded; and upwards of a
-hundred soldiers killed and wounded.<a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a></p>
-
-<p>The failure of this attack, with the approach of
-unfavourable weather, occasioned His Majesty to raise
-the siege, when the regiment marched with several
-others, under Major-General Kirke, towards Mullingar;
-but afterwards proceeded to the relief of <em>Birr</em>,
-which was besieged by a body of the enemy under
-Major-General Sarsfield, who retired behind the Shannon
-on the approach of the British troops.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment was afterwards stationed at Mullingar,
-which was one of the frontier garrisons, and was
-actively employed during the winter in making
-incursions into the enemy's cantonments.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1691</div>
-
-<p>Towards the end of April, 1691, a detachment of the
-regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel Hamilton,
-accompanied a party under Colonel Brewer in a
-sudden advance towards Dunore, to surprise two
-thousand armed Roman Catholic peasantry, who had
-taken post near that place. At daybreak on the following
-morning the detachment approached the post, and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span>
-enemy formed for battle, but soon fled, and the
-soldiers pursued and killed about fifty fugitives.</p>
-
-<p>Quitting Mullingar in the early part of June, the
-regiment was engaged in the operations of the army
-under Lieut.-General Baron De Ghinkel, afterwards
-Earl of Athlone:<a name="FNanchor_13_13" id="FNanchor_13_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_13_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a> it took part in the siege of <em>Ballymore</em>,
-which place was captured in a few days; and afterwards
-appeared before <em>Athlone</em>, in the siege of which
-fortress it had several men killed and wounded.</p>
-
-<p>A strong detachment of the regiment took part
-in the capture of <em>Athlone</em> by storm, on which occasion
-the assailants rushed through the rapid stream of
-the Shannon, which was breast high, carried the enemy's
-works in gallant style, and in less than half an hour
-were masters of the town, to the surprise of General
-St. Ruth, who commanded King James's army, which
-was encamped near the fortress, and who was giving a
-public entertainment in his camp, when the news of
-the loss of <em>Athlone</em> reached him.</p>
-
-<p>After putting the captured fortress in repair, the
-army marched towards the enemy, who occupied a
-strong position near the castle of <em>Aghrim</em>, and on the
-12th of July a general engagement took place, in which
-the Irish forces were overpowered and driven from the
-field with severe loss, including General St. Ruth, who
-was killed by a cannon ball. On this occasion the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>
-regiment formed part of the brigade under Major-General
-Talmash: it had seven rank and file killed;
-one major, two captains, one lieutenant, one ensign,
-and eight rank and file wounded.</p>
-
-<p>After this victory, the army marched to <em>Galway</em>,
-which surrendered in a few days; and the victorious
-English troops proceeded to <em>Limerick</em>, where the
-remains of the defeated Irish forces had assembled,
-and appeared determined to make a resolute stand,
-in the hope of being reinforced from France. The
-regiment had the honour to take part in the siege of
-Limerick; and, the army having crossed the river
-Shannon and completed the investment of the place,
-the Irish soon afterwards surrendered the city, and
-with it every other part of Ireland of which they
-retained possession, the Irish regiments being permitted
-to follow King James to France, or remain in
-their own country, as they should choose: the "Royal
-Regiment of Ireland" was one of the corps which proceeded
-to France, and was taken into the service of
-Louis XIV. The <span class="smcap">Earl of Meath's</span>, now <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-regiment, was the only one of the eleven Irish corps
-embodied by King Charles II. which remained in the
-service of the English crown.</p>
-
-<p>Ireland being rescued from the domination of King
-James, the regiment went into quarters in the county
-of Wicklow, and in December it proceeded to Waterford
-and Youghal.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1692</div>
-
-<p>In the spring of 1692, the King of France assembled
-an army near La Hogue, and prepared an immense
-fleet to convey the troops to England, to replace King
-James on the throne. When this menace of invasion
-was given, the <span class="smcap">Earl of Meath's</span> and several other
-regiments embarked at Waterford for England,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span>
-and landing at Bristol, proceeded from thence to
-Portsmouth. Meanwhile the British and Dutch fleets
-had put to sea, and while the nations of Europe were
-gazing, in anxious expectation, at these preparations,
-the French navy was nearly annihilated in a decisive
-action off La Hogue, when the alarm of invasion ceased.</p>
-
-<p>Soon after this victory a powerful armament was
-placed under the orders of Lieut.-General Meinhardt
-Duke of Leinster (afterwards Duke Schomberg) for
-the purpose of making a descent on the coast of France,
-and the <span class="smcap">Earl of Meath's</span> regiment was one of the
-corps which embarked on this service. The court of
-France had, however, drawn so immense a number of
-troops to the coast, that it was not thought advisable to
-land, and the fleet sailed to the Downs, where orders
-were received for a number of regiments to proceed to
-Flanders. The transports sailed to Ostend, where the
-<span class="smcap">Earl of Meath's</span> and several other corps landed, and
-being joined by a detachment from the confederate
-army under King William, they took and fortified the
-towns of Furnes and Dixmude. This service being
-completed, the regiment embarked for England; it
-encountered a severe storm at sea, and the transports
-were separated, but no loss was sustained; part of the
-regiment arrived in the Thames, the remainder landed
-at Harwich, and the whole were united at Bristol.</p>
-
-<p>The Earl of Meath, being desirous of devoting his
-attention to the interests of Ireland, retired from the
-regiment, and was succeeded in the colonelcy by the
-lieut.-colonel, <span class="smcap">Frederick Hamilton</span>; Major Ormsby
-was promoted Lieut.-Colonel, and Captain Richard
-Stearne Major.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1693</div>
-
-<p>From Bristol the regiment marched in May, 1693, to
-Portsmouth, where it embarked on board the fleet to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>
-serve as marines, and in June sailed to Torbay, where
-the Dutch squadron joined. The first service undertaken
-was the protection of about four hundred
-merchant ships belonging to England, Holland,
-Denmark, Sweden, Hamburg, and Flanders, engaged
-in the Mediterranean trade. As the fleet proceeded
-through the Channel, it presented a splendid appearance.
-Captain Parker states&mdash;"All the sea, from the
-line of battle to our English coast, seemed as a floating
-wood covered with canvass; and as the weather
-was very fair, the whole made a most glorious appearance."
-After protecting the merchant-vessels through
-the Bay of Biscay, the grand fleet returned, leaving a
-squadron under Admiral Sir George Rooke, to continue
-the voyage with them. The French monarch
-had made powerful efforts to send to sea a formidable
-fleet, which attempted to intercept the merchantmen
-and convoy under Sir George Rooke. The English
-admiral avoided an engagement with so superior a
-force, and brought off the greater part of his fleet; but
-many valuable vessels were captured or destroyed
-by the enemy. On receiving news of this event, the
-combined fleets of England and Holland attempted to
-intercept the French naval force, but it got safe into
-port.</p>
-
-<p>In the autumn the regiment landed and marched to
-Norwich.</p>
-
-<p>During the campaign of this year, the confederate
-army in Flanders had sustained severe loss at the
-battle of <em>Landen</em>, and efforts were made to increase its
-numbers, for which purpose Colonel <span class="smcap">Hamilton's</span> regiment
-was ordered to proceed abroad. It marched to
-London in December, was reviewed by King William
-in Hyde Park, and embarking on the Thames, sailed to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>
-Ostend, where it landed, and was stationed several
-months.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1694</div>
-
-<p>Taking the field in the spring of 1694, the regiment
-proceeded to the vicinity of Louvain, where it was
-reviewed by the King, and afterwards took part in the
-operations of the army. At the camp near Ramilies it
-was formed in brigade under Major-General Ramsay,
-and posted between two divisions of cavalry, in the
-left wing; it afterwards shared in many toilsome
-marches, also formed part of the covering army during
-the siege of <em>Huy</em>, and subsequently marched into winter
-quarters at Ghent.</p>
-
-<p>During this campaign a question arose respecting
-the rank of regiments, and the King directed the
-subject to be submitted to a board of general officers.<a name="FNanchor_14_14" id="FNanchor_14_14"></a><a href="#Footnote_14_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a>
-Captain Parker states,&mdash;"As the general officers were
-most of them colonels of regiments raised in England
-by King James II., they showed great partiality on
-this occasion, for they would not allow the regiments,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span>
-raised in Scotland or Ireland, to have any rank in
-the army previous to the time of their coming to
-England and entering upon English pay. By this
-regulation, ours, that had been regimented in the time
-of King Charles II., lost rank of eleven regiments,
-that had been raised by King James II. The King
-thought it very hard; but as he had left the matter
-to them, he confirmed their sentence." The rank of
-the regiment was thus fixed as <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> in the
-British line; numerical titles were, however, not generally
-used until the reign of George II.<a name="FNanchor_15_15" id="FNanchor_15_15"></a><a href="#Footnote_15_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1695</div>
-
-<p>Taking the field to serve the campaign of 1695, the
-regiment was formed in brigade with the Fifth, Seventh,
-Twenty-third, Collingwood's (afterwards disbanded),
-and La Melonière's regiment of French Protestants,
-in the English service, under Brigadier-General Fitzpatrick.</p>
-
-<p>When King William undertook the siege of the
-important fortress of <em>Namur</em>, the regiment formed part
-of the covering army under the Prince of Vaudemont,
-against which a French force of very superior numbers
-advanced under the orders of Marshal Villeroy. During
-the night of the 14th of July, the hostile columns confronted
-each other; the French, confident of success,
-detached a body of troops to gain the rear of the allies,
-and anxiously waited for daylight to commence the
-action. The Prince of Vaudemont ordered his cavalry
-forward; the dragoons dismounting and forming on
-foot, while the artillery, and infantry with pikes trailed,
-withdrew unobserved. The French prepared for the
-attack, when the dragoons of the confederate forces
-retired a few paces, mounted their horses, and retreated,
-presenting to the surprised French what appeared to be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>
-the magic spectacle of an army vanishing out of sight.
-The enemy pursued, but the allies retreated in good
-order, and took up a position in front of Ghent. This
-retreat has been celebrated by historians as a fine
-specimen of the art of war.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were afterwards engaged in several
-manœuvres for the preservation of the maritime towns
-of Flanders; in the early part of August they were
-encamped between Genappe and Waterloo, and afterwards
-joined the forces under King William. In the
-mean time the town of Namur had surrendered; but
-the castle, a strong fortress situate on a rock, still held
-out, and, on the 11th of August, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-relieved one of the regiments which had suffered severely
-in the siege, and took its turn of duty in the
-trenches. A breach having been effected, arrangements
-were made for a general assault. Three thousand
-British, under Lord Cutts, were to attack the counterscarp
-and the breach of the Terra Nova; three thousand
-Bavarians the breach of the Cohorn; two thousand
-Brandenburgers (Prussians) the upper point of the
-Cohorn; two thousand Dutch the Casotte; and six
-hundred men were to storm the lower town: the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-formed part of the British storming party.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment marched into the trenches on the 20th
-of August, to take part in storming the Castle of
-Namur, and the soldiers were elated with the expectation
-of distinguishing themselves under the eye of their
-Sovereign. The trenches being crowded with troops,
-the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> and two other regiments were ordered
-to Salsine Abbey, half a mile from the breach to be
-attacked. A little before mid-day the assault was
-made with heroic ardour, but, owing to some mistake
-in the signal, all the corps did not advance simultaneously,
-and the British grenadiers, who headed the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span>
-storming party, were opposed by very superior numbers,
-and sustained severe loss; Lord Cutts being among
-the wounded. Hurrying from Salsine Abbey to share
-in the assault, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> approached the scene
-of conflict a few moments after the grenadiers had
-been repulsed and forced to retire; the regiment,
-however, rushed forward, stormed the breach with
-signal gallantry, and planted the regimental colours
-on the summit; but the enemy had constructed
-a strong work within the breach, which the utmost
-efforts of the officers and soldiers could not force, and
-after performing "prodigies of valour" they were
-obliged to retreat with severe loss. The other attacks
-were more successful; and lodgments were effected in
-the works. Captain Parker states&mdash;"The King saw
-this action from a rising ground at the back of
-Salsine Abbey, and <em>took particular notice of the behaviour
-of our regiment; for ours, only, mounted the top
-of the breach, and we planted our colours thereon</em>, but
-could not proceed farther, because a strong retrenchment
-had been thrown up on the inside, which we
-could not see till we had mounted the very top of the
-breach, so we were obliged to follow the crowd. His
-Majesty, on this occasion, was pleased to honour us
-with the title of '<span class="fs70">THE ROYAL REGIMENT OF FOOT OF
-IRELAND</span>.'"<a name="FNanchor_16_16" id="FNanchor_16_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a> The King also conferred on the regiment
-the privilege of bearing his own arms, "<span class="smcap">the
-Lion of Nassau</span>," on its colours (on which the cross
-of St. Patrick had previously been displayed); also the
-"<span class="smcap">Harp in a blue field and a crown over it</span>," and
-the motto, "<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virtutis Namurcensis Præmium</i>."</p>
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p>
-<p>The title was afterwards changed to "<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH
-REGIMENT</span>."</p>
-
-<p>The regiment sustained severe loss on this occasion;
-Lieut.-Colonel Ormsby, Captains Purefoy, Pinsent,
-and Cateret, Lieutenants Fitzmorris and Ramme,
-Ensigns Fettyplace, Blunt, Baker, and Hayter, with
-eighty-six non-commissioned officers and soldiers, were
-killed: Captain John Southwell and Ensign Lister
-died of their wounds; Colonel Frederick Hamilton,
-Captains Kane, Duroure, Seymour, and William Southwell,
-Lieutenants La Planche, Brereton, Hybert,
-Arphaxad, and Rolleston, Ensigns John Gifford, Ormsby,
-and Blakeney, with one hundred and eighty-five
-non-commissioned officers and soldiers, were wounded.<a name="FNanchor_17_17" id="FNanchor_17_17"></a><a href="#Footnote_17_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a></p>
-
-<p>The fire against the castle was continued, and preparations
-were made for another assault, which was
-prevented by the surrender of the garrison. Thus was
-captured the celebrated fortress of <em>Namur</em>, which reflected
-great credit on the confederate armies.</p>
-
-<p>This conquest terminated the campaign, and the
-regiment passed the winter in garrison at Ghent.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1696</div>
-
-<p>During the campaign of 1696, the regiment served
-with the army of Flanders under the Prince of Vaudemont;
-and was formed in brigade with a battalion of the
-Royals, the third, fifth, and seventeenth regiments under
-Brigadier-General Selwyn; and its services were limited
-to the protection of Ghent, Bruges, and the maritime
-towns of Flanders. In the autumn it returned to Ghent.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1697</div>
-
-<p>Leaving Ghent in the spring of 1697, the regiment
-joined the army of Brabant under King William, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span>
-took part in the movements of this campaign; which
-were terminated by the treaty of Ryswick, when the
-British monarch saw his efforts for the liberty of
-Europe, and the preservation of the Protestant religion,
-attended with success.</p>
-
-<p>On the termination of hostilities, the regiment
-marched to Ghent, where it was quartered several
-weeks, and on the 10th of December embarked at
-Ostend for Ireland. As two of the transports approached
-the Irish coast, they were chased by a Sallee
-man-of-war of eighteen guns, carrying Zealand colours.
-Seeing his brave soldiers in danger of being made
-slaves, Lieut.-Colonel Stearne called them on deck;
-the whole resolved on a desperate defence; and it was
-arranged that when the Sallee man-of-war attacked
-one transport, the other should come to its assistance,
-and the enemy should be boarded by the soldiers
-sword in hand, not doubting but that they would overpower
-the Turks and Moors, and capture the ship.
-With this view the soldiers were kept out of sight to
-induce the enemy to make an attack, and every man
-was ready for action. "The Sallee man-of-war kept
-us company about an hour, and was once, as we
-thought, coming up to board us; however, she
-thought better of it, fell astern, and stood off without
-firing a shot."<a name="FNanchor_18_18" id="FNanchor_18_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_18_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a> During the following night the two
-transports narrowly escaped destruction from a storm;
-they afterwards arrived safe in Bantry Bay; the soldiers
-landed on the 24th of December, and marched to Cork,
-where the regiment was assembled.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1699</div>
-
-<p>From Cork the regiment marched, in July, 1698, to
-Waterford; in the spring of 1699 it proceeded to Dublin,
-and in 1700 it was removed to Kinsale.</p>
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span></p>
-<div class="sidenote">1700</div>
-
-<p>Pursuing those schemes of aggrandizement which
-had repeatedly involved Europe in war, Louis XIV.
-procured the accession of his grandson, Philip Duke
-of Anjou, to the throne of Spain, in violation of existing
-treaties; seized on the Spanish Netherlands; and
-made prisoners the Dutch troops in garrison in the
-barrier towns. The sudden acquisition of the Spanish
-monarchy by a grandson of the most ambitious and
-potent monarch of Europe, with the prospect of France
-and Spain being eventually united under one sovereign,
-affected the interests and agitated the public mind of
-all countries.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1701</div>
-
-<p>War was resolved upon: the standing armies were
-augmented; and while the din of hostile preparation
-was heard on every side, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-was placed upon a war establishment, and embarked
-for Holland, where it arrived, with several other corps,
-in July, 1701, and was placed in garrison at Huesden.
-On the 21st of September it was reviewed on Breda-heath
-by King William III.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1702</div>
-
-<p>Quitting Huesden in March, 1702, the regiment
-proceeded to Rosendael, where the British infantry
-was assembled under Brigadier-General Ingoldsby;
-and at this place the troops received information of
-the death of King William III., on the 8th of March,
-and of the accession of Queen Anne.</p>
-
-<p>From Rosendael the regiment marched to the duchy
-of Cleves, and formed part of the army encamped at
-Cranenburg during the siege of <em>Kayserswerth</em>, on the
-Lower Rhine, by the Germans. A French force of
-very superior numbers attempting to cut off the communication
-of the army at Cranenburg with <em>Nimeguen</em>,
-the troops struck their tents on the 10th of June, and
-by a forced march during the night arrived within a few<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span>
-miles of Nimeguen as the French legions approached.
-Some sharp fighting occurred, in which the British
-corps in the rear-guard evinced great gallantry, and the
-army effected its retreat under the works of the fortress.</p>
-
-<p>Additional forces having arrived from England, the
-<span class="smcap">Earl of Marlborough</span><a name="FNanchor_19_19" id="FNanchor_19_19"></a><a href="#Footnote_19_19" class="fnanchor">[19]</a> assumed the command of the
-allied army, and by a series of skilful movements he
-forced the French army to make a precipitate retreat
-from the frontiers of Holland to their own lines, and
-he twice attempted to bring on a general engagement
-under advantageous circumstances, but was restrained
-by the Dutch field deputies. The French forces having
-fled to their lines, the English General resolved to
-attack their fortified towns, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-was one of the corps detached from the main
-army to undertake the siege of the fortress of <em>Venloo</em>,
-situate on the east side of the river Maese, in the
-province of Limburg.<a name="FNanchor_20_20" id="FNanchor_20_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_20_20" class="fnanchor">[20]</a> On the west side of the river
-was a detached fortification of five bastions, called <em>Fort
-St. Michael</em>, against which the British troops carried
-on their approaches;&mdash;the Dutch and Germans attacking
-other parts of the town: the whole were under
-Veldt-Marshal Prince Nassau-Saarbruck. The approaches
-being carried to the foot of the glacis, orders
-were given to storm the covered-way, and make a
-lodgment on the top of the glacis; and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment, being on duty in the trenches at the time,
-was appointed to make the attack, together with the
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span>grenadiers of the brigade, and a party of chosen fusiliers.
-Captain Parker has given the following account
-of this attack:&mdash;</p>
-
-<p>"The Lord Cutts sent for all the officers, and told
-them, the design was to drive the enemy from the
-covered-way, that they might not disturb the workmen
-in making a lodgment; however, if the enemy
-gave way with precipitation, we were to jump into
-the covered-way, and pursue them, let the consequence
-be what it would. We all thought these
-were very rash orders, contrary both to the rules of
-war, and the design of the attack.</p>
-
-<p>"About four in the afternoon (18th September), the
-signal was given, and, according to our orders, we
-rushed up the covered-way; the enemy gave us one
-scattering fire, and away they ran: we jumped into
-the covered-way, and ran after them. They made
-to a ravelin, which covered the curtain of the fort,
-in which were a captain and sixty men. We, seeing
-them get into the ravelin, pursued them, got in with
-them, and soon put most of them to the sword. They
-that escaped us fled over a small wooden bridge,
-that led over the moat to the fort; and here, like
-madmen, without fear or wit, we pursued them over
-that tottering bridge, exposed to the fire of the great
-and small shot of the fort. However, we got over
-the <span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">fausse-braye</span>, where we had nothing for it but to
-take the fort or die. They that fled before us
-climbed up by the long grass that grew out of the
-fort; so we climbed after them. Here we were hard
-put to it to pull out the palisades, which pointed
-down upon us from the parapet, and, was it not for
-the great surprise and consternation of those within,
-we could never have surmounted this very point:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span>
-but, as soon as they saw us at this work, they quitted
-the rampart, and retired down to the parade in the
-body of the fort, where they laid down their arms
-and cried for quarter, which was readily granted
-them. Thus were the unaccountable orders of Lord
-Cutts as unaccountably executed, to the great surprise
-of the whole army, and even of ourselves, when
-we came to reflect on what we had done."</p>
-
-<p>The enemy had about four hundred killed, and two
-hundred made prisoners. The British loss, in killed
-and wounded, did not exceed forty men.</p>
-
-<p>Captain Parker, of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment, adds,&mdash;"This
-affair was the occasion of another almost as
-surprising. An express came to Prince Nassau which
-gave an account that Landau was taken; whereupon
-he ordered the army to draw down near the town, to
-fire three rounds (as a <span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">feu de-joie</span>); the cannon also
-of all the batteries, the mortars, and cohorns, were
-ordered to fire, with the troops, into the town.
-When the garrison and inhabitants saw us drawing
-down on all sides, they judged it was with a design
-of making such an attack on the town as we had
-made on the fort, which struck such a terror into
-them, that the magistrates begged the Governor to
-capitulate, and not suffer them all to be put to the
-sword. The first round of all our batteries, and the
-small shot of the army, so affrighted them, that men,
-women, and children, came flocking to the ramparts
-with white cloths in their hands, crying, 'Mercy!
-mercy!' and the Governor, in as great a consternation
-as the rest, sent out an officer to the Prince to
-desire a capitulation, which was immediately granted;
-as we had other sieges to carry on this season, the
-Prince allowed them honourable terms."</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>After the capture of Venloo, the regiment was
-employed in the siege of the fortress of <em>Ruremonde</em>,
-which was captured in a short time; and Stevenswart
-having also been reduced by a detachment from the
-covering army, the navigation of the Maese was thus
-cleared of the enemy up to Maestricht.</p>
-
-<p>Rejoining the main army after this achievement, the
-regiment advanced towards the city of <em>Liège</em>, the
-French forces retiring as the British approached, but
-leaving a strong garrison in the citadel and Chartreuse.
-The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was employed in the siege
-of the citadel of Liège, and its grenadier company had
-the honour to take part in the capture of that fortress
-by storm, on the 23rd of October, when the British
-soldiers highly distinguished themselves. They were
-permitted to appropriate a large quantity of dollars
-and silver plate, captured on this occasion, to their
-own use.</p>
-
-<p>From the pleasant valley of Liège, the regiment
-commenced its march, on the 3rd of November, back
-to Holland, and passed the winter in garrison at
-Huesden.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1703</div>
-
-<p>Quitting its winter quarters in April, 1703, the
-regiment traversed the country to Maestricht, and
-was in position near that city when the French forces,
-under Marshals Villeroy and Boufflers, made a sudden
-advance to surprise the British troops in their quarters,
-but were defeated in their design.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="smcap">Duke of Marlborough</span> assembled the army
-near Maestricht, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was
-formed in brigade with the eighth, thirteenth, seventeenth,
-and thirty-third, under its colonel, Brigadier-General
-F. Hamilton; and it advanced with the
-army towards Tongres, when the French quitted their<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span>
-post and eventually retired within their fortified lines,
-where the English General was desirous of attacking
-them, but was prevented by the Dutch commanders
-and field deputies. The services of the regiment
-were afterwards connected with the siege of <em>Huy</em>,
-which fortress was captured in ten days.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment formed part of the
-covering army during the siege of <em>Limburg</em>, which was
-commenced on the 10th of September, and on the 27th
-of that month the Governor surrendered. Spanish
-Guelderland being thus delivered from the power of
-France, the Dutch were freed from the danger of an
-invasion.</p>
-
-<p>After taking part in these services the regiment
-marched to Breda: during the severe frosts of winter
-it proceeded to Bergen-op-Zoom, to reinforce the
-garrison of that fortress, and afterwards returned to
-Breda, from whence it detached three hundred men
-to Maestricht, to join the garrison of that city, while
-the Dutch soldiers were working at the entrenchments
-on the heights of Petersberg.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1704</div>
-
-<p>Meanwhile the united French and Bavarian armies
-had gained considerable advantage in Germany, and
-the Duke of Marlborough resolved to lead his British
-brigades from the ocean to the Danube, to rescue the
-Emperor of Germany from the menaced danger. To
-engage in this splendid undertaking, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment marched from Breda on the 5th of May,
-N.S., and proceeded towards the Rhine; being joined
-at Bedburg by the detachment from Maestricht.
-Continuing its route, the regiment proceeded to
-Coblentz, where it passed the Moselle and the
-Rhine, and afterwards traversed the minor states of
-Germany towards the seat of war on the Danube;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span>
-all Europe being surprised at the ability evinced by
-the British commander in conducting this daring
-enterprise.</p>
-
-<p>Having united with the forces of the Empire, the
-British advanced on the 2nd of July to attack a body
-of French and Bavarians under Count d'Arco, in an
-entrenched camp on the heights of <em>Schellenberg</em>, on the
-left bank of the Danube. About six in the evening
-the leading division, of which a detachment of the
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment formed part, moved forward
-under a heavy fire, and attacked the enemy's entrenchments
-with distinguished gallantry. The enemy made
-a determined resistance, and the assailants were repulsed;
-but the attack was renewed with heroic courage,
-and, after a protracted contest, the Germans co-operated
-in the attack, when the entrenchments were forced,
-and the French and Bavarians driven from the heights
-with great slaughter. The British cavalry, charging,
-completed the discomfiture of the enemy, and sixteen
-pieces of ordnance, a number of standards and colours,
-with the enemy's tents, and the equipage and plate of
-the Count d'Arco, were captured.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment had one serjeant and eleven rank and
-file killed; Captain Lea, Ensigns Gilman, Walsh, and
-Pensant, three serjeants, and thirty-two rank and file
-wounded.<a name="FNanchor_21_21" id="FNanchor_21_21"></a><a href="#Footnote_21_21" class="fnanchor">[21]</a></p>
-
-<p>The victory at Schellenberg was followed by the
-flight of the enemy from Donawerth; and the regiment
-was engaged in the operations of the army which
-penetrated Bavaria, and captured <em>Rayn</em> after a short<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span>
-siege. The Elector of Bavaria formed an entrenched
-camp at Augsburg, to which city the allied army advanced;
-but found the enemy's camp too strong to be
-attacked with any prospect of success, and the troops
-retired a short distance. The siege of <em>Ingoldstadt</em> was
-commenced by the Germans, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment formed part of the covering army.</p>
-
-<p>Quitting his camp at Augsburg, the Elector of
-Bavaria joined a strong body of French troops sent to
-reinforce his army, and the united divisions encamped
-in the valley of the Danube, near the village of
-<em>Blenheim</em>.</p>
-
-<p>At three o'clock on the morning of the memorable
-13th of August, 1704, the allied army advanced towards
-the enemy, and about three o'clock in the afternoon the
-British developed their attack against the French
-brigades posted in the village of Blenheim; thus
-commencing an engagement in which the English
-troops acquired great distinction. The village being
-found strongly fortified, it was environed by a few corps,
-and the army passed the little river Nebel to attack
-the enemy's lines. The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment directed
-its attacks against the right wing of the Gallo-Bavarian
-army, and was engaged with the chosen troops
-of France, under Marshal Tallard; its heroic conduct
-reflected the highest lustre on the British arms, and it
-contributed materially to the complete overthrow and
-discomfiture of the opposing host. The French were
-chased from the field with great slaughter, and the
-loss of their cannon, baggage, and many troops captured,
-including the brigades posted in the village of Blenheim:
-Marshal Tallard, and several officers of distinction,
-were among the prisoners. The left wing of the
-enemy was also overpowered by the Germans, and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span>
-victory was complete and decisive: the powerful armies
-of France and Bavaria being literally destroyed.
-Thus, on the banks of the Danube, was achieved by
-British valour a trophy which will serve as a monument
-to commemorate the national glory to the end
-of time. The conduct of the brave soldiers who
-conquered in the interior of Germany was the admiration
-of surrounding states, and has been lauded by
-numerous historians: the <span class="smcap">Duke of Marlborough</span>
-was elevated to the dignity of a <span class="smcap">Prince</span> of the <span class="smcap">Roman
-Empire</span>.</p>
-
-<p>The loss of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was Captains
-Brown, Rolleston, and Vaughan, Ensign Moyle, five
-serjeants, and fifty-two rank and file killed; Major
-Kane, Captains Lepenitor and Hussey, Lieutenants
-Smith, Roberts, Blakeney, and Harvey, Ensign Trips,
-nine serjeants, and eighty-seven rank and file
-wounded.<a name="FNanchor_22_22" id="FNanchor_22_22"></a><a href="#Footnote_22_22" class="fnanchor">[22]</a></p>
-
-<p>From the Danube, the regiment traversed the
-country to the banks of the Rhine, crossed that river
-at Philipsburg on the 7th of September, and formed
-part of the covering army encamped at Croon-Weissemberg
-during the siege of <em>Landau</em>, which was undertaken
-by the Germans. When the siege drew towards
-a close, the regiment marched to Germersheim, where
-it embarked in boats on the Rhine, and in twelve days
-arrived at Nimeguen, where it landed, and, marching
-to Ruremonde, passed the winter at that place.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<a name="PL_II" id="PL_II"></a>
-<p class="p1" />
-<img src="images/i_b_028fp.jpg" width="700" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">
-EIGHTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.<br />
-THE BATTLE OF BLENHEIM.<br />
-Aug<sup>t</sup> the 13<sup>th</sup> 1704.<br />
-
-<p class="center"><em>J.M. Jopling del<sup>t</sup></em>
-
-<span class="pad10"><em>Madeley lith 3 Wellington S<sup>t</sup> Strand</em></span></p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>For Cannon's Military Records</em></p></div>
-</div>
-
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<div class="sidenote">1705</div>
-
-<p>Brigadier-General Hamilton, having become advanced
-in years, retired from active service, and was
-permitted to dispose of the colonelcy of the regiment to
-Lieut.-General Ingoldsby, from the twenty-third foot,
-who was appointed colonel of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-by commission dated the 1st of April, 1705.</p>
-
-<p>From Ruremonde the regiment marched to the
-vicinity of Maestricht, where it joined the army; and
-afterwards proceeded by Juliers, through a mountainous
-country, to the valley of the Moselle, where it encamped
-near the city of Treves. The army passed the
-Moselle and the Saar in the early part of June, with
-the view of carrying on the war in that direction; but
-the Duke of Marlborough, being disappointed of the
-co-operation of the Germans, marched his army back
-to the Netherlands, which occasioned the soldiers much
-fatigue. On arriving at the Maese, a detachment was
-employed in recapturing <em>Huy</em>, which the enemy had
-taken during the absence of the army up the Moselle.</p>
-
-<p>A formidable barrier of forts and entrenchments had
-been constructed with great labour and expense to arrest
-the progress of the British General; but by menacing
-the lines to the south of the Mehaine, to draw the
-French army to that quarter, and afterwards making a
-forced march to the right during the night of the 17th
-of July, these stupendous works were passed at <em>Helixem</em>
-and <em>Neer-Hespen</em>, with little opposition; and the French
-and Bavarian troops, which hurried to the spot to drive
-back the leading corps of the allied army, were repulsed
-with severe loss. The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-was formed in brigade on this occasion with the
-twenty-fourth, twenty-ninth, and Temple's (afterwards
-disbanded), under Brigadier-General Webb, and,
-being in the main body of the army, did not sustain<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span>
-any loss. After this brilliant success, the designs of
-the British commander were frustrated by the opposition
-of the Dutch Generals, and little further advantage
-was gained.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment returned to Holland for winter quarters,
-and was stationed at Worcum.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1706</div>
-
-<p>Taking the field in May, 1706, the regiment proceeded
-to the general rendezvous of the army near
-Tongres, and, advancing from thence in the direction
-of Mont St. André, on Whit-Sunday the 23rd of May,
-the British commander discovered a powerful French
-army, under Marshal Villeroy and the Elector of
-Bavaria, in position at that place, with their centre at
-the village of <em>Ramilies</em>, which was occupied by a considerable
-body of troops.</p>
-
-<p>Diverging into the plain, the allied army formed
-line and advanced towards the enemy; the <span class="fs70">ROYAL
-IRISH</span> regiment, being in the right wing, formed on the
-heights of Foulz, and, descending into the low grounds
-near the Little Gheet river, menaced the enemy's left,
-at Autreglise and Offuz, with an attack. This movement
-occasioned the enemy to weaken his centre to
-support his left flank, when the Duke of Marlborough
-instantly reinforced his centre, and made a determined
-attack upon the enemy's position at the weakened
-point. For some time the officers and soldiers of the
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment were spectators of the fight;
-but at a critical moment they were brought forward,
-and they contributed to the complete overthrow of the
-forces of France, Spain, and Bavaria. The warlike
-brigades of the enemy, a few hours before so formidable
-and menacing, were driven from the field with great
-slaughter, and the loss of many officers and soldiers
-taken prisoners, also of their cannon and many stand<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span>ards
-and colours. After pursuing the fugitives a
-considerable distance, the regiment halted for the night,
-surrounded by the ensanguined trophies of this day of
-glorious triumph to the British arms.</p>
-
-<p>Retreating to Louvain, the broken remains of the
-enemy's splendid army halted a short time, and
-soon afterwards abandoned that city, and also Lierre,
-Ghent, Damme, and Bruges. The magistrates of
-these towns, together with those of Brussels, Malines,
-and Alost, renounced their allegiance to the Duke of
-Anjou, and declared in favour of the House of Austria.
-The garrisons of Oudenarde and Antwerp surrendered;
-Ostend withstood a short siege and then capitulated.
-Thus the successes of the allied arms were splendid
-beyond all precedent.</p>
-
-<p>Towards the end of July, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-was detached from the main army to take part in the
-siege of the fortress of <em>Menin</em>, which was considered one
-of the masterpieces of <span class="smcap">Vauban</span>, the celebrated French
-engineer, and was provided with a numerous garrison
-well supplied with everything necessary for a protracted
-defence. The garrison disputed every yard of ground
-with sanguinary tenacity; but the allies carried on the
-siege with vigour, and brought their approaches to the
-foot of the glacis, where a storming party was assembled
-to attack the covered-way. The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-was appointed to take part in this service. The
-signal being given, the assailants rushed forward to the
-palisades, and threw a shower of hand-grenades into
-the covered-way; then, entering amidst the confusion,
-overthrew all opposition. General Stearne states,&mdash;"This
-proved warm service; for though we drove the
-enemy at once out of the counterscarp, they sprung<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span>
-two mines upon us, and from their works plied us
-with a most violent fire, which we lay exposed to
-until our workmen had thrown up an entrenchment
-sufficient to cover us. In this action our regiment
-had six officers and upwards of eighty soldiers killed
-and wounded."<a name="FNanchor_23_23" id="FNanchor_23_23"></a><a href="#Footnote_23_23" class="fnanchor">[23]</a></p>
-
-<p>The Governor, finding himself unable to arrest the
-progress of the besieging force, surrendered.</p>
-
-<p>The fortress of <em>Aeth</em> was afterwards captured, and
-this event terminated the campaign. Thus fortresses
-which had resisted powerful armies for months and
-years, and provinces disputed for ages, were the conquests
-of a summer: the nations of Europe witnessing
-with astonishment the splendid achievements of the
-forces under the Duke of Marlborough. After sharing
-in the brilliant successes of this campaign, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL
-IRISH</span> regiment passed the winter at Ghent.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1707</div>
-
-<p>In May, 1707, the regiment again took the field, and
-was formed in brigade with the second battalion of the
-Royals, the eighth, twenty-fourth, and Temple's regiments,
-under Brigadier-General Sir Richard Temple
-(afterwards Viscount Cobham). During this campaign,
-the French army avoided a general engagement, and
-the summer was passed by the opposing armies in
-manœuvring and watching each other's movements.
-In the autumn, the regiment marched to the castle of
-Ghent, of which its commanding officer, Colonel Stearne,
-was appointed governor.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1708</div>
-
-<p>Finding his armies beaten on the continent, the
-French monarch fitted out an expedition for the purpose<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span>
-of landing the Pretender in Scotland, to embroil
-Great Britain in civil war; and the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment
-was one of the corps ordered home to repel the invaders:
-it embarked from Ostend in the middle of March,
-1708, and sailed to the river Tyne; but the English
-fleet chased the French squadron from the British
-coast, and the regiment returned to Flanders.</p>
-
-<p>When the opposing armies took the field, the French
-had obtained possession of Ghent and Bruges by treachery;
-but the English General surprised the French on
-the march near <em>Oudenarde</em> on the 11th of June, and
-gained a decisive victory. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment
-formed part of the leading brigade of the van of the
-army, under Major-General Cadogan, and with the
-eighth, twenty-third, and thirty-seventh regiments, descended
-from the high grounds between Eyne and
-Bevere, forded a rivulet, and attacked seven battalions
-of the Swiss regiments of Pfeffer, Villars, and
-Gueder, which had taken post at Eyne: after a sharp
-contest British valour prevailed, and Brigadier-General
-Pfeffer, with three entire battalions, were made prisoners
-of war: the remainder were either killed, or intercepted
-in their attempt to escape, and made prisoners.
-The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> afterwards attacked a body of troops
-posted in the enclosures, and soon drove the French
-from their ground. As the regiment was advancing in
-pursuit, a numerous body of French cavalry menaced
-it in front and flank, and it fell back to the hedges,
-where it repulsed the French horsemen. Other
-British brigades arriving, the whole advanced; a fierce
-conflict of musketry ensued, and charge succeeded
-charge until darkness put an end to the conflict, and
-thus saved the French army from complete annihilation.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span>
-The enemy made a precipitate retreat during the
-night.</p>
-
-<p>Lieut.-Colonel Stearne commanded the regiment on
-this occasion, and he states in his journal,&mdash;"Our regiment,
-though the first that engaged, had only one
-lieutenant and eight men killed, and twelve men
-wounded."</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment formed part of the force
-employed in the siege of the important fortress of
-<em>Lisle</em>, the capital of French Flanders, and the regiment
-had numerous opportunities of distinguishing itself
-during the long and determined defence made by a
-numerous garrison under Marshal Boufflers. The
-citadel did not surrender until the 9th of December.
-The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> had two captains and three subalterns
-killed, the major and several other officers wounded,
-and two hundred non-commissioned officers and soldiers
-killed and wounded.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1709</div>
-
-<p>A strong detachment of recruits replaced the losses
-of the regiment, and it was in a highly efficient state
-when it took the field to serve the campaign of 1709.
-The Duke of Marlborough menaced the French army
-with an attack, which occasioned Marshal Villars to
-weaken the garrisons of the fortified towns to strengthen
-the army in the field, when the allies besieged <em>Tournay</em>.
-The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were detached, under the Prince of
-Orange, to drive the French detachment from Mortagne
-and St. Amand, and, having accomplished this service,
-joined the besieging army, and carried on its approaches
-at the seven fountains. The regiment was
-engaged in storming the breaches in the Ravelin and
-Half-Moon; and on the 29th of July it was in readiness
-to take part in storming the town, which was prevented<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span>
-by the surrender of the place, the garrison retiring into
-the citadel.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> took part in the siege of the citadel
-of Tournay, which was celebrated for the extent of its
-underground works. Captain Parker, of the regiment,
-states in his journal,&mdash;"Our approaches against this
-citadel were carried on mostly underground, by sinking
-pits several fathom deep, and working from
-thence until we came to their casemates and mines.
-These extended a great way from the body of the
-citadel, and in them our men and the enemy frequently
-met, and fought with sword and pistol. We
-could not prevent them springing several mines
-which blew up some of our batteries, guns and all,
-and a great many men, in particular a captain,
-lieutenant, and forty (the London Gazette says
-thirty) men of our regiment." The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-lost a lieutenant and several men in the combats
-underground; and ten grenadiers were suffocated in
-one of the galleries. In the early part of September
-the governor surrendered.</p>
-
-<p>From Tournay the army marched in the direction
-of Mons, and, the French taking up a position near
-<em>Malplaquet</em>, a general engagement took place on the
-11th of September, when the enemy was forced from
-his entrenchments with loss. Captain Parker states,&mdash;"The
-part which our regiment acted in this battle was
-something remarkable. We happened to be the last
-of the regiments which had been left at Tournay to
-level the approaches, and did not come up till the
-lines were formed. We were ordered to draw up
-on the right of the army, opposite a skirt of the wood
-of Sart, and, when the army advanced to attack the
-enemy, we entered the wood in our front. We con<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span>tinued
-marching till we came to a small plain, on the
-opposite side of which we perceived a battalion of
-the enemy drawn up, a skirt of the wood being in
-its rear. Colonel Kane, who was then at the head
-of the regiment, having drawn us up, and formed
-our platoons, advanced towards the enemy, with the
-six platoons of our first fire made ready. When we
-arrived within a hundred paces of them, they gave
-us a fire of one of their ranks; whereupon we halted,
-and returned them the fire of our six platoons at
-once, and immediately made ready the six platoons
-of our second fire, and advanced upon them again.
-They then gave us the fire of another rank; and we
-returned them a second fire, which made them
-shrink; however they gave us the fire of a third rank,
-after a scattering manner, and then retired into the
-wood in great disorder; on which we sent our third
-fire after them and saw them no more. We advanced
-up to the ground which they had quitted, and found
-several of them killed and wounded; and among the
-latter was one Lieutenant O'Sulivan, who told us
-the battalion we had engaged was the '<span class="smcap">Royal Regiment
-of Ireland</span>.'<a name="FNanchor_24_24" id="FNanchor_24_24"></a><a href="#Footnote_24_24" class="fnanchor">[24]</a> Here, therefore, was a
-fair trial between the <span class="smcap">two Royal Regiments of
-Ireland</span>, one in the <span class="smcap">British</span> and the other in the
-<span class="smcap">French</span> service; for we met each other upon equal
-terms, and there was none else to interpose. We had
-but four men killed and six wounded; and found
-near forty of them on the spot killed and wounded.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span>
-The advantage on our side will be easily accounted
-for, first from the weight of our ball; for the French
-arms carry bullets of 24 to the pound, whereas our
-British firelocks carry ball of 16 only to the pound,
-which will make a considerable difference in the execution:
-again, the manner of our firing was different
-from theirs; the French, at that time, fired all
-by ranks, which can never do equal execution with
-our platoon firing."</p>
-
-<p>Lieut.-Colonel Stearne gives nearly the same particulars,
-and adds&mdash;"We marched into the wood after
-them (the Royal Irish in the French service); and
-when we had got through, we found our army
-mounting the enemy's last entrenchments, and our
-brother <em>harpers</em><a name="FNanchor_25_25" id="FNanchor_25_25"></a><a href="#Footnote_25_25" class="fnanchor">[25]</a> scoured off as fast as their heels
-could carry them. Thus ended this great and
-terrible battle, which was the most obstinate engagement
-on both sides that has been known in the
-memory of man: the killed and wounded on both
-sides was very great."</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were afterwards employed in
-covering the siege of <em>Mons</em>, and passed the winter in
-quarters at Ghent.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1710</div>
-
-<p>From Ghent the regiment advanced on the 14th of
-April, 1710, and took part in the operations by which
-the French lines were passed at <em>Pont-à-Vendin</em>; and
-also formed part of the covering army during the siege
-of <em>Douay</em>, and also during the siege of <em>Bethune</em>; and
-was afterwards detached, under the Prince of Anhalt,
-to attack the town of <em>Aire</em>, situate on the banks of the
-river Lys. In the siege of this place many difficulties
-had to be overcome, from the nature of the ground,
-and from the determined defence of a numerous<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span>
-garrison: the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment had three officers
-killed, and five wounded; also about eighty soldiers
-killed and wounded. The garrison surrendered on the
-9th of November; and the regiment, afterwards returned
-to Ghent.<a name="FNanchor_26_26" id="FNanchor_26_26"></a><a href="#Footnote_26_26" class="fnanchor">[26]</a></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1711</div>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> again took the field in April, 1711,
-and were employed in the operations by which the
-boasted impregnable French lines were passed at
-<em>Arleux</em>, and the opportunity of attacking the fortified
-town of <em>Bouchain</em>, situated on both sides of the river
-<em>Scheldt</em>, was ensured. The regiment formed part of
-a detachment of twenty battalions, commanded by
-Lieut.-General the Earl of Orkney, which took post
-on the north and north-west side of the town and river,
-and advanced to drive the French from the heights of
-Wavrechin. Captain Parker states, "Our British
-grenadiers marched to the top of the hill on the left
-of their works, in order to begin the attack on that
-side: here we were posted in a field of wheat, about
-seventy or eighty paces from their works, expecting
-every moment the signal to fall on. I must confess
-I did not like the aspect of the thing: we plainly saw
-their entrenchment was a perfect bulwark, strong and
-lofty, and crowded with men, and cannon pointed
-directly at us: we wished much that the Duke might
-take a nearer view. * * * * While I was
-musing, the Duke of Marlborough, ever watchful,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span>
-ever right, rode up unattended, and posted himself
-on the right of my company of grenadiers, from whence
-he had a fair view of the greater part of the enemy's
-works. It is quite impossible for me to express the
-joy which the sight of this man gave me. I was well
-satisfied he would not push the thing unless he saw
-a strong probability of success; nor was this my
-notion alone; it was the sense of the whole army,
-both officers and soldiers, British and Foreigners;
-and, indeed, we had all the reason in the world for it,
-for he never led us on to any one action that we did
-not succeed in. He stayed only three or four minutes,
-and then rode back: we were in pain for him while
-he stayed, lest the enemy might have discovered him,
-and fired at him, in which case they could not well
-have missed him. He had not been longer from us
-than he stayed when orders came to us to retire.
-As the corn we stood in was high, we slipped off
-undiscovered, and were a good way down the hill
-before they perceived that we were retiring, and
-then they let fly all their great and small shot after
-us; but as we were by this time under the brow of
-the hill, all their shot went over our heads." This
-statement of a distinguished officer of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-regiment shows how fully the great Duke of Marlborough
-possessed the confidence of his troops.</p>
-
-<p>During the siege of <em>Bouchain</em>, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment was actively engaged in the trenches and the
-attacks; but did not sustain a very severe loss. Lieut.-Colonel
-Stearne states,&mdash;"In this siege our regiment
-had four officers wounded but none killed, and about
-forty men killed and wounded; the grenadiers suffered
-most. Bouchain being taken, our regiment was ordered
-to Tournay, where we were quartered the
-remaining part of the campaign, from whence we<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span>
-escorted what provision came that way to the army
-which continued about Bouchain." In October the regiment
-marched to Lisle, where it passed the winter.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1712</div>
-
-<p>In February, 1712, Lieut.-General Ingoldsby died,
-and was succeeded in the colonelcy of the regiment by
-Lieut.-Colonel Stearne, who had held a commission in
-the corps thirty-four years, and wrote an account of its
-services.<a name="FNanchor_27_27" id="FNanchor_27_27"></a><a href="#Footnote_27_27" class="fnanchor">[27]</a></p>
-
-<p>From Lisle the regiment advanced in April to some
-high ground beyond Bouchain, where a camp was formed
-of several corps, and entrenchments thrown up. The
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment afterwards joined the army under
-the orders of the Duke of Ormond, and its grenadier
-company advanced on a reconnoitring party into
-Picardy; but a suspension of hostilities took place soon
-afterwards, and the army withdrew to Ghent, where
-the regiment passed the winter. The power of France
-was reduced, its armies defeated, its frontier towns
-captured, its ambitious monarch was forced to sue for
-peace, and the treaty of Utrecht gave repose to Europe.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1713</div>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment had acquired a high
-reputation during the war; and a board of officers
-being assembled in London, to decide on the rank of
-regiments, Colonel Stearne sent Captain Parker to
-England to claim rank for the regiment from the date
-of its formation in 1684, which would have given it
-rank as <span class="fs70">FIFTH</span> foot; but this was not granted, and it
-continued to take date and rank in the English army
-from the time of its arrival in England in the autumn
-of 1688.<a name="FNanchor_28_28" id="FNanchor_28_28"></a><a href="#Footnote_28_28" class="fnanchor">[28]</a></p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>During the winter, a very serious mutiny occurred
-among the troops stationed at Ghent, to which the
-soldiers were incited by a man, whom Captain Parker
-calls "a pettifogging attorney from London," who had
-entered the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment. This dangerous
-combination was suppressed, and ten of the ringleaders
-were executed.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1714</div>
-
-<p>After the conclusion of the treaty of peace, the
-British regiments quitted Flanders, excepting the
-eighth and <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, which were appointed to
-garrison the citadel of Ghent until the barrier treaty
-was signed. The Duke and Duchess of Marlborough
-passing through Ghent, the officers of the two regiments
-met His Grace without the town, to show their respect
-to the character of their former commander.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1715</div>
-
-<p>On the breaking out of the rebellion of the Earl of
-Mar, in the autumn of 1715, the regiment was ordered
-to proceed to England, leaving the lieut.-colonel and a
-hundred men in the castle of Ghent; it landed at
-Greenwich, and marched to Gloucester, where it was
-joined by the party from Ghent in February following.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1716</div>
-
-<p>From Gloucester the regiment marched to <em>Oxford</em>;
-many persons at this celebrated university were
-disaffected to the government of King George I., and
-on the Prince of Wales's birthday, when the officers of
-the regiment were assembled at one of the inns, to
-celebrate the day, they were assailed by stones thrown
-from a house on the opposite side of the street. A
-number of soldiers, hearing that their officers had been
-thus assailed by the Jacobites, came running to the
-spot, and soon destroyed the windows of the house
-from whence the stones had been thrown. They afterwards
-went from street to street, and broke the windows
-of persons who refused to illuminate for the Prince of
-Wales's birthday. The Vice-Chancellor sent a com<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span>plaint
-to His Majesty's privy council, and the officers
-were called upon for an explanation. The subject was
-afterwards investigated by the House of Lords, and,
-after several debates, the university was censured for
-not observing the birthday of the Prince of Wales,
-afterwards King George II.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1717</div>
-
-<p>In May, 1717, the regiment marched to Portsmouth,
-where it received orders to hold itself in readiness to
-proceed abroad.</p>
-
-<p>Brigadier-General Stearne obtained permission to
-dispose of the colonelcy of the regiment to Lieut.-Colonel
-William Cosby, from the first troop, now first
-regiment of life guards.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1718</div>
-
-<p>Soon afterwards the regiment embarked for the
-island of Minorca, where it arrived in the early part of
-1718, and it was stationed there many years, during
-which period little occurred worthy of being recorded.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1727</div>
-
-<p>In 1727, when the Spaniards besieged <em>Gibraltar</em>, a
-detachment from the regiments at Minorca proceeded
-to that fortress, under Colonel Cosby of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL
-IRISH</span> regiment, to reinforce the garrison. This detachment
-took part in the successful defence of
-Gibraltar against the power of Spain, and when the
-siege was raised, it returned to Minorca.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1732<br />1735<br />1742</div>
-
-<p>While the regiment was at Minorca, Colonel Cosby
-was succeeded by Sir Charles Hotham, Baronet, in
-1732; and, in 1735, King George II. nominated
-Colonel John Armstrong to the colonelcy. This officer,
-dying in 1742, was succeeded by Colonel John Mordaunt,
-from the forty-seventh regiment.</p>
-
-<p>In the same year, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was
-relieved from duty at Minorca, and returned to
-England: it landed at Portsmouth and Southampton,
-and marched to Taunton, and the neighbouring towns,
-where it passed the winter.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1743</div>
-
-<p>From Taunton the regiment marched, in the spring
-of 1743, to Exeter and Plymouth, where it was reviewed
-by Lieut.-General Lord Tyrawley.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1744</div>
-
-<p>In the spring of 1744, the regiment marched to
-Richmond, and other towns near Hounslow Heath, and
-was reviewed by His Royal Highness the Duke of
-Cumberland. "The regiment gained great reputation
-by its discipline and good appearance, and had the
-pleasure of being assured of His Royal Highness'
-approbation."<a name="FNanchor_29_29" id="FNanchor_29_29"></a><a href="#Footnote_29_29" class="fnanchor">[29]</a> After the review, the regiment
-marched to Fareham, and mounted guard over the
-French and Spanish prisoners at Portchester Castle.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1745</div>
-
-<p>At the battle of Fontenoy, the British troops, supporting
-the interests of the house of Austria against the
-power of France and Bavaria, were repulsed in their
-attempts to raise the siege of Tournay, and sustained
-severe loss; and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was ordered
-to join the British army in Flanders. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-embarked at Gravesend, with a detachment of foot
-guards and the fourteenth regiment, landed at Ostend,
-and, advancing up the country, joined the army, commanded
-by His Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland,
-at the camp at Lessines, in May, 1745. The
-French, having a great superiority of numbers, captured
-several strong towns, and besieged <em>Ostend</em>, when the
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> were selected to reinforce the garrison of
-that fortress. The regiment accordingly marched to
-Antwerp, where it embarked on board of Dutch billanders,
-in which it sailed to Flushing, where it was
-removed on board of transports that conveyed it to
-Ostend, which town was found abandoned by the inhabitants,
-and besieged by a numerous French force.
-The garrison did not exceed three thousand men, a
-number very inadequate to the defence of the place;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span>
-the fortifications had been neglected and were out of
-repair; and the Austrian governor permitted the enemy
-to gain possession of the sluices before he had inundated
-the country round the town. The means of a long
-defence were wanting, and, after holding out until the
-ammunition was nearly expended, and the guns of the
-fortress dismounted, the governor capitulated, on condition
-that the garrison should march to the quarters of
-the allied army. The writer of the continuation of General
-Stearne's journal complains of the treacherous conduct
-of the French on this occasion, in causing the garrison
-to make a considerable détour, employing agents to
-induce, by promises of reward, the soldiers to desert,
-and, after a march of twenty miles in one day, delivering
-the garrison up at a frontier village cantonment
-about seven in the evening, and having a numerous
-force ready to cut off the fatigued men at an early
-hour on the following morning. This was, however,
-defeated; the Duke of Cumberland sent a General
-officer to take charge of the troops on their arrival,
-and, instead of allowing the tired soldiers to go into
-quarters, he ordered them to load their muskets, fix
-their bayonets, and march for Mons. The writer, before
-alluded to, states, "As we every moment expected the
-enemy, we continued our march in the greatest
-order; not a whisper was to be heard: the officers who
-were present will always remember with pleasure
-the discipline and good disposition every regiment
-showed on that occasion." ... "So narrow was our
-escape, that the French got to their ground within
-an hour of our passing it, and we saw them in the
-morning encamped about two miles from Mons."</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment, and other corps from
-Ostend, remained at Mons about three weeks, watched
-by a numerous French force; but on the approach of a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span>
-detachment from the allied army, the enemy retired:
-the regiments then marched out at midnight, arrived
-at Charleroi on the following day, and afterwards joined
-the army near Brussels.</p>
-
-<p>In the autumn of this year, Charles Edward, eldest
-son of the Pretender, raised the standard of his father
-in Scotland, and, being joined by a number of Highland
-clans, penetrated into England. On this occasion the
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment marched to Williamstadt, where
-it embarked for England, and, arriving at Gravesend
-on the 5th of November, landed and joined the camp
-at Dartford, where it remained several weeks, and lost
-the surgeon and a number of men from diseases produced
-by being exposed to severe weather in a camp
-in the winter months.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1746</div>
-
-<p>The regiment returned to Gravesend in March, 1746,
-and embarked for Scotland, with the twelfth, sixteenth,
-and twenty-fourth foot. These corps arrived at Leith
-on the 19th of April, as the guns of Edinburgh castle
-were firing for the victory gained over the rebels at
-Culloden, and this terminated the rebellion.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment waited at Leith until the return of an
-express from the army, when it received orders to sail
-northward; it landed at Nairn on the 1st of May, was cantoned
-in the neighbourhood of that place three weeks,
-and afterwards joined the army at Inverness, at which
-place the regiment was encamped until the autumn,
-when it marched into quarters at Nairn, Elgin, &amp;c.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1747</div>
-
-<p>In the summer of 1747, the regiment marched to
-Fort Augustus, and encamped among the mountains
-near that place, under the orders of Major-General
-Blakeney, until October, when it marched to Edinburgh
-castle, and Stirling.</p>
-
-<p>Major-General Sir John Mordaunt was removed to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span>
-the twelfth dragoons in December of this year, and
-was succeeded in the colonelcy by Colonel John Folliott,
-from the sixty-first foot, a newly-raised corps, afterwards
-disbanded.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1748<br />1749<br />1750</div>
-
-<p>Returning to England in the spring of 1748, the
-regiment was stationed at Berwick, Newcastle, and
-Carlisle, where it remained until the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle,
-when it marched to Glasgow, and embarked
-for Ireland on the 18th of February, 1749. It was
-stationed at Enniskillen and Ballyshannon twelve
-months, and was removed in 1750 to Kinsale, and in
-1751 to Cork.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1751</div>
-
-<p>In the Royal warrant of the 1st of July, 1751, the
-uniform of the regiment is directed to be scarlet, faced
-with blue. The First, or King's colour, to be the great
-union; the Second, or regimental colour, to be of blue
-silk with the union in the upper canton; in the centre
-of the colour, the <span class="smcap">Harp</span> in a blue field and the <span class="smcap">Crown</span>
-over it; and in the three corners of the colour, the
-<span class="smcap">Lion of Nassau</span>, the arms of King William III. On
-the grenadier caps, the <span class="smcap">Harp and Crown</span>, as on the
-colours. The <span class="smcap">Harp and Crown</span> to be painted in
-the same manner on the drums and bells of arms,
-with the rank of the regiment underneath.<a name="FNanchor_30_30" id="FNanchor_30_30"></a><a href="#Footnote_30_30" class="fnanchor">[30]</a></p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1752<br />1753<br />1754</div>
-
-<p>From Cork the regiment marched, in 1752, to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span>
-Waterford; in 1753 it proceeded to Dublin, and in
-1754 to Londonderry and Ballyshannon.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1755</div>
-
-<p>Disputes having arisen between Great Britain and
-France, respecting the extent of the British territories
-in North America, hostilities commenced, and the
-regiment was suddenly ordered to England in the
-spring of 1755. It landed at Liverpool on Easter
-Sunday, the 3rd of April, and marched to Berwick,
-where the establishment was augmented to seventy-eight
-men per company, and two companies were
-afterwards added: in October the regiment marched
-to Edinburgh, where it was stationed during the
-winter.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1756</div>
-
-<p>In February, 1756, the two additional companies were
-incorporated in the fifty-sixth regiment, then newly
-raised; and in May the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were reviewed by
-Lieut.-General Bland, commanding the forces in North
-Britain, and afterwards marched to Fort William, with
-numerous detachments at various posts in the Highlands.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1757</div>
-
-<p>Orders were received in February, 1757, for the
-regiment to proceed to Ireland, and it was stationed
-in that part of the United Kingdom during the
-remainder of the seven years' war.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1762</div>
-
-<p>Lieut.-General Folliott died in January, 1762, and
-in April King George III. conferred the colonelcy of
-the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment on Major-General Sir John
-Sebright, Bart., from the eighty-third foot, which corps
-was disbanded in 1763.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1767<br />1775</div>
-
-<p>In 1767 the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment proceeded from
-Ireland to North America, where it was stationed when
-the unfortunate misunderstanding occurred between
-Great Britain and her North American colonies on
-the subject of taxation. The Americans manifested<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span>
-a disposition to violence, and three companies of the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were stationed at Boston, the capital of
-the state of Massachusetts, under the Governor of the
-province, General Gage.</p>
-
-<p>General Gage, having ascertained that the Americans
-had collected a quantity of military stores at <em>Concord</em>,
-detached the grenadiers and light infantry, including
-the companies of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, to effect the destruction
-of these stores. These companies embarked in
-boats, under Colonel Smith, of the tenth, on the
-evening of the 18th of April, 1775, and sailed up
-Charles river to the marshes of Cambridge, where they
-landed and marched towards Concord. At the
-village of <em>Lexington</em> they were opposed by a party of
-American militia; some firing occurred, and several
-men were killed and wounded: thus the first blood
-was spilt, and open resistance followed. The King's
-troops continued their march to Concord, and effected
-the destruction of the stores. In the meantime the
-country had been alarmed for many miles, and, when
-the soldiers commenced their journey back to Boston,
-they were fired upon from behind the walls, trees, fences,
-barns, &amp;c., on both sides of the road, and skirmish
-succeeded skirmish until they arrived at Lexington,
-where they were met by Earl Percy's brigade, with
-two field-pieces. The fire of the artillery checked the
-Americans, and the troops continued their march to
-Boston. The flank companies of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment had two men killed and four wounded on this
-occasion.</p>
-
-<p>This open resistance to legal authority was followed
-by the appearance of multitudes of armed
-Americans in the neighbourhood of Boston, and on
-the night of the 16th of June they commenced throw<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span>ing
-up entrenchments on the peninsula of Charleston,
-on a height called <em>Bunker's Hill</em>; and on the
-following day General Gage detached a body of
-troops, of which the flank companies of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL
-IRISH</span> regiment formed part, to drive the Americans
-from the hill. The attack was made about three o'clock
-in the afternoon, and British valour was conspicuously
-displayed; but the Americans had a great superiority
-of numbers and a strong post. The King's troops
-were twice arrested in their progress, but by a determined
-effort they carried the height at the point
-of the bayonet, and triumphed over thrice their own
-numbers. The loss of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> was limited
-to three rank and file killed, Lieutenant William
-Richardson and seven rank and file wounded.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1776</div>
-
-<p>Although the valour and discipline of the British
-corps in North America were so conspicuous as to
-excite the admiration of their country, yet the few
-corps at Boston were beset by such multitudes of
-opponents, that it became impossible for these excellent
-qualities to be exercised with any prospect of
-ultimate success; and in the middle of March, 1776,
-the town was abandoned, the British troops embarking
-for Nova Scotia.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1777</div>
-
-<p>Soon afterwards the regiment received orders to
-transfer its men fit for service to other corps, and
-return to Europe: it arrived in England in July,
-1776, and was stationed at Dover Castle, where it
-remained during the year 1777.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1778</div>
-
-<p>From Dover, the regiment proceeded to Coxheath,
-where an encampment was formed of the Royal
-Dragoons, five regiments of infantry, and fifteen
-battalions of militia.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1779</div>
-
-<p>In the summer of 1779, the regiment was encamped<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span>
-at Warley, in the Essex district, with three other
-corps of regular infantry and ten battalions of militia,
-under Lieut.-General Parker.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1780<br />1782</div>
-
-<p>The regiment was encamped at Finchley in 1780,
-and afterwards in Hyde Park; and in 1782 it proceeded
-to the island of Jersey, where its numbers
-were reduced to the peace establishment in consequence
-of the termination of the American war.</p>
-
-<p>Leaving Jersey in February, 1782, the thanks of
-the Commander of the forces at that station were
-conveyed to the officers and soldiers of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>,
-for their conduct while under his command. The
-regiment was afterwards stationed at Guernsey, where
-an alarming mutiny occurred among the soldiers of the
-104th regiment, who fired upon their officers, and took
-possession of the fort. They were invested by the
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment, commanded by Major Mawby,
-and a battalion of militia, and were forced to submit.
-The lieut.-governor thanked the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment,
-in orders, for its loyal and spirited conduct on this
-occasion, in the strongest terms, and promised to take
-the earliest opportunity of bringing its meritorious conduct
-before the King. The States of the island also
-conveyed the expression of their thanks and approbation
-of the excellent behaviour of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment,
-accompanied by a vote of 100 guineas, to be divided
-among the non-commissioned officers and soldiers.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1783</div>
-
-<p>In July, 1783, the regiment proceeded to Portsmouth,
-and in October it embarked for the fortress of Gibraltar.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1793</div>
-
-<p>While the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was employed in
-protecting the important fortress of Gibraltar, a revolution
-occurred in France; Louis XVI. was beheaded
-by his subjects in 1793; and while anarchy and blood<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span>shed
-prevailed in France, the republicans of that
-country sought to involve other nations in the same
-calamities. War was the result. A powerful party
-favourable to monarchy still existed in France, many
-patriots stood forward in the cause of royalty, and the
-inhabitants of <em>Toulon</em> joined with Admiral Turgot
-in delivering up that port to the British, who took
-possession of the place in the name of Louis XVII.
-A numerous republican army advanced against Toulon,
-and the allies made exertions to procure troops for the
-defence of the town and harbour. Some corps of
-French loyalists were embodied; detachments of
-Spaniards, Neapolitans, and Sardinians were procured,
-and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was withdrawn from
-Gibraltar to aid in the protection of this important
-place.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment arrived at Toulon in November, and
-was actively employed in the defence of the place
-upwards of a month, during which period it was frequently
-engaged with the republican troops of France.</p>
-
-<p>A battery having been erected by the enemy on the
-heights of <em>Arenes</em>, which much annoyed one of the
-principal outposts, a party of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> joined
-the troops under Major-General David Dundas, which
-issued from Toulon on the morning of the 30th of
-November, crossed the river, traversed olive-grounds,
-intersected with stone walls, ascended a height cut into
-vine-terraces, and, surprising the French on their post,
-drove them from the battery with signal gallantry.
-The object in view was thus accomplished, but the
-impetuosity of the soldiers could not be restrained;
-they pursued the enemy too far, and, encountering
-fresh adversaries, were forced to retire with loss. The
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment had seven men killed on this<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span>
-occasion, twenty-four wounded, four serjeants, one
-drummer, and twenty-nine rank and file missing.</p>
-
-<p>Much difficulty was experienced in defending Toulon
-with twelve thousand men, of five different nations,
-against thirty to forty thousand French troops;
-a circumference of fifteen miles having to be occupied
-by a number of posts which required nine
-thousand men for their protection, so that three-fourths
-of the men were constantly on duty. On the 17th of
-December, the French attacked the British quarter
-under Captain William Conolly of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, who
-defended his post with great gallantry until the enemy
-had forced the Spanish side, when he fell back fighting
-to another position. The regiment lost Ensign George
-Minchin and two rank and file on this occasion. The
-enemy afterwards attacked the posts on the mountain
-of Pharou, where another party of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> was
-engaged, and lost one serjeant and five rank and file.</p>
-
-<p>The line of posts being forced, it was found impossible
-to preserve the town and harbour, and the French
-shipping, arsenal, and magazines were set on fire, and
-the troops of the several nations embarked on board of
-the fleet on the 19th of December.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1794</div>
-
-<p>After the evacuation of Toulon, the fleet proceeded
-to the bay of Hières, and arrangements were made for
-attacking the island of <em>Corsica</em>: the fleet weighed anchor
-on the 24th of January, 1794; but was dispersed by a
-gale of wind. Early in February a landing was effected
-in the gulf of Fiorenzo in the island of Corsica, and a
-series of operations were commenced by which the
-greater part of the island was speedily reduced, and an
-assembly of Deputies afterwards agreed to unite Corsica
-to the British dominions.</p>
-
-<p>The fortified town of <em>Calvi</em>, situate on a tongue of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span>
-land which forms a beautiful harbour thirty-three miles
-from <em>Bastia</em>, the capital of Corsica, still held out in the
-French interest, and the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment, commanded
-by Lieut.-Colonel David Douglas Wemyss,
-was selected to join the troops, under Lieut.-General
-C. Stuart, appointed for the reduction of this fortress.
-The regiment accordingly sailed from Bastia, and,
-having landed near Calvi on the 19th of June, took
-post on a ridge of mountains three miles from the town.
-Owing to the numerous rocky heights and steep acclivities
-before the town, the soldiers and seamen had to
-make roads along difficult precipices, to drag guns up
-the mountains, and to carry up materials for erecting
-the batteries, which they performed with cheerfulness.
-A practical breach having been made in the west side
-of the Mozello, on the 18th of July the light infantry
-(including the light company of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>) and
-the second battalion of the Royals, commanded by
-Lieut.-Colonel Moore, "proceeded with a cool steady
-confidence, and unloaded arms, towards the enemy,
-forced their way through a smart fire of musketry,
-and, regardless of live shells flung into the breach, or
-the additional defence of pikes, stormed the Mozello;
-while Lieut.-Colonel Wemyss, with the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment, and two pieces of cannon under the direction
-of Lieutenant Lemoine of the royal artillery, equally
-regardless of opposition, carried the enemy's battery
-on the left, and forced the trenches without firing a
-shot."<a name="FNanchor_31_31" id="FNanchor_31_31"></a><a href="#Footnote_31_31" class="fnanchor">[31]</a></p>
-
-<p>After the capture of these important posts, the siege
-of Calvi was prosecuted with vigour, and on the 10th
-of August the garrison surrendered.</p>
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span></p>
-<p>The loss of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was limited
-to six rank and file killed; Lieutenant William
-Johnston, one serjeant, and ten rank and file
-wounded.</p>
-
-<p>In the early part of this year, General Sir John
-Sebright, Bart., died; and the colonelcy of the regiment
-was conferred on Major-General Sir James Murray,
-Bart., who afterwards took the surname of Pulteney.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1795<br />1796</div>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was stationed in the
-island of Corsica during the year 1795, and nine
-months of 1796. In the mean time the success of the
-French arms, particularly the brilliant career of General
-Bonaparte in Italy, had produced a change of
-sentiment among the inhabitants of Corsica. Bonaparte
-was a native of the island; the Corsicans gloried in him
-as a man who reflected honour on their country, and they
-regretted that the island had become annexed to Great
-Britain, as this event placed them in hostility to their
-victorious countryman, and they began to plot measures
-to effect its separation. It appearing evident that the
-expense of the defence would exceed the advantage
-derived from the possession of the island, the British
-troops were withdrawn in October, and the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-proceeded to the island of Elba.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1797<br />1798<br />1799</div>
-
-<p>Soon afterwards the regiment was detached, with a
-small force under Colonel Wemyss, to the coast of Italy;
-the troops landed on the 7th of November, and, having
-driven the French from the principality of Piombino,
-occupied the towns of Campiglia, Castiglione, and
-Piombino, with some advanced posts in the Tuscan
-states. The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> were commanded by Lieut.-Colonel
-H. T. Montresor, and distinguished themselves
-on several occasions. They waded through an inundation
-of near three miles, to attack the town of <em>Campiglia</em>,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span>
-and made the French garrison prisoners. The enemy
-receiving considerable reinforcements, and advancing
-in force against those towns, the British troops were
-withdrawn from Italy, and returned to Elba. During
-the winter, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment sailed for
-Gibraltar, where it arrived in the beginning of 1797,
-and was stationed at that fortress during the two
-following years.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1800</div>
-
-<p>In the spring of 1800, the regiment was withdrawn
-from Gibraltar, to join the armament preparing for
-active service in the Mediterranean: it proceeded to
-Minorca, where the land-forces were assembled, and in
-the summer sailed under the orders of Lieut.-General
-Sir Ralph Abercromby for Genoa, to co-operate with
-the Austrians; but the victories gained by the French
-in Italy occasioned this enterprise to be abandoned,
-and the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> returned to Minorca.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment afterwards sailed with the expedition
-against <em>Cadiz</em>, and it had entered the boats of the
-fleet for the purpose of effecting a landing and attacking
-Cadiz, when orders were received to return on
-board the shipping; the attack of this place having
-been relinquished in consequence of an infectious disease
-of a fatal character ravaging the city; and the armament
-sailed to Gibraltar.</p>
-
-<p>After some delay, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment again
-proceeded to Minorca.</p>
-
-<p>In the meantime a powerful French army had taken
-possession of Egypt, with the view of colonizing that
-country, and making it the base of future conquests
-in the east, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was called
-from Minorca to take part in the expulsion of the
-boasted invincible legions of France from Egypt. The
-regiment accordingly quitted Minorca without landing,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span>
-and sailed to Malta, where it joined the armament under
-Lieut.-General Sir Ralph Abercromby, and was formed
-in brigade with the thirtieth, forty-fourth, and eighty-ninth,
-under the orders of Brigadier-General Doyle.
-The troops were soon restored and reanimated, after
-having been so long at sea, by the abundance of fresh
-provisions which the island of Malta afforded, and the
-comforts of the beautiful city of Valetta, and on the
-20th of December the fleet sailed for the bay of Marmorice,
-in Asiatic Turkey, where it arrived in nine days.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1801</div>
-
-<p>In this bay, environed by mountains covered with the
-foliage of trees, the troops remained several weeks,
-while preparations were being completed, and a plan
-of co-operation was arranged with the Turks, whose
-tardy proceedings detained the expedition some time.
-On the 23rd of February, 1801, the fleet again put to
-sea, presenting a splendid sight; the magnitude of the
-armament, and the gaiety of the brave men on board,
-being calculated to excite emotions of an interesting
-character. On the 1st of March, the armament arrived
-off the celebrated city of Alexandria, and anchored in
-the bay of <em>Aboukir</em>.</p>
-
-<p>Early on the morning of the 8th of March, five thousand
-British troops entered the boats to effect a landing
-in the face of an adverse army, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment, having joined the second brigade under Major-General
-Cradock, entered some small Greek ships to
-be in readiness to support the gallant men who should
-first land on the shores of Egypt. A rocket gave the
-expected signal, and the clear silence of the morning
-was instantly broken by the deep murmur of a
-thousand oars urging forward the flower of a brave
-army, whose polished arms gleamed in the rays of the
-morning sun. Suddenly the thunder of artillery shook<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span>
-the ground, and a tempest of balls cut the surface of
-the water; but the British soldiers speedily gained
-the shore in the face of this tempest of war, and, rushing
-forward to close upon their enemies with the bayonet,
-soon decided the contest and forced the French to
-retreat with loss. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment, commanded
-by Lieut.-Colonel Montresor, was one of the first
-corps which landed to support the leading division, and
-to participate in this splendid triumph of British valour.</p>
-
-<p>Advancing towards Alexandria, the British troops
-encamped near Mandora Tower, and on the 13th of
-March they proceeded through a wood of date-trees
-to attack the French forces posted on a ridge of heights
-in front. The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> deployed under a heavy
-fire, with the other corps of their brigade, and
-executed the manœuvre with admirable order and
-precision; and, advancing upon their adversaries, compelled
-the French to retire from their position. A
-strong body of French cavalry charged the leading
-corps of the British right column, but was repulsed.
-Under the cover of some sand-hills, a body of French
-dragoons rode towards the British second brigade, and
-attempted to penetrate the interval between the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> and the regiment on their left: the French
-troopers were checked by a prompt and well-directed
-fire from the light company of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, which
-was followed by a rapid platoon fire from the regiment,
-and the French horsemen made a precipitate retreat.
-They belonged to the eighteenth French dragoons, and
-had been mistaken, by one British battalion, for a
-foreign corps in the English service.</p>
-
-<p>The French, having been driven from their post,
-fell back to an entrenched position before Alexandria;
-and the British, after reconnoitring the ground, en<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span>camped
-in front of the enemy's lines. Speaking of
-the conduct of the army, on this occasion, in general
-orders, Sir Ralph Abercromby stated that he
-felt it "incumbent on him particularly to express
-his most perfect satisfaction with the steady and
-gallant conduct of Major-General Cradock's brigade."
-The conduct of the brigade was also commended
-in the General's public despatch.</p>
-
-<p>The loss of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was Captain
-George Jones, killed; three officers, one serjeant, and
-forty-five rank and file wounded.</p>
-
-<p>On the morning of the 21st of March, the French
-issued from their position, and attacked the British
-line; but they encountered an opposition which they
-were unable to overcome, and the English army was
-once more triumphant over the numerous veteran
-troops of France. This action afforded the <span class="fs70">ROYAL
-IRISH</span> regiment another opportunity of gaining honour
-on the distant shores of Egypt; and its gallant bearing
-throughout the day was conspicuous. This victory
-was however clouded with the fall of the brave <span class="smcap">Sir
-Ralph Abercromby</span>, who died of wounds received in
-action. He was succeeded in the command of the
-army by Major-General (afterwards Lord) Hutchinson.</p>
-
-<p>Soon afterwards a body of British troops traversed
-the country to <em>Rosetta</em>, where a small force of British,
-Turks, and Greeks was assembled, and took post at
-Hamed. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment, and two other
-corps, followed on the 13th of April, and, after the
-surrender of Fort St. Julian, a strong division of the
-army advanced up the banks of the Nile, to attack
-the French troops in Upper Egypt.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment took part in the operations
-by which the French were driven from <em>El Aft</em>,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span>
-and from the fortified post of <em>Rahmanie</em>, and forced to
-retire upon Cairo.</p>
-
-<p>Following the retreating enemy up the country, the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> arrived, with the army, at the vicinity
-of the celebrated pyramids of Egypt, in the early part
-of June; and after a halt of several days they advanced
-upon the city of <em>Cairo</em>, which was besieged by
-the united British and Turkish forces, and in a few
-days the garrison surrendered, on condition of being
-sent back to France.</p>
-
-<p>The capture of the capital of Egypt added fresh
-laurels to the British arms; and the troops which had
-acquired these honours retired down the Nile to the
-vicinity of <em>Alexandria</em>, and, having driven in the French
-outposts, commenced the siege of that place with vigour.
-In the beginning of September, the garrison surrendered,
-on condition of being sent back to France.</p>
-
-<p>Thus was Egypt delivered from the power of France;
-and the British troops, which overcame the boasted
-<em>invincible</em> legions of Bonaparte, and forced the <em>Army of
-the East</em> to surrender its conquests, were rewarded with
-the thanks of Parliament, the approbation of their
-Sovereign, and the royal authority to bear on their
-colours the "<span class="smcap">Sphinx</span>," with the word "<span class="smcap">Egypt</span>;" and
-the officers were permitted to receive gold medals from
-the Grand Seignior.</p>
-
-<p>Immediately after the conquest of Egypt, the British
-generals and admirals endeavoured to promote still
-further the interests of their country by preparing to
-make additional acquisitions, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment was one of the corps selected to proceed on
-another expedition. Several corps sailed on the 12th
-of September; but were met at sea by a ship of war
-bringing information that the preliminaries of a treaty<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span>
-of peace were signed; the troops proceeded to Malta,
-where the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment arrived in October.</p>
-
-<p>After performing garrison duty at Valetta for
-six weeks, the regiment proceeded to the island of
-Elba, and occupied the fortress of Porto Ferrajo, the
-French being in possession of other parts of the
-island.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1802</div>
-
-<p>The treaty of Amiens being concluded, the regiment
-sailed for Ireland in the summer of 1802, and after
-landing at Cork proceeded to Armagh.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1803</div>
-
-<p>War was resumed in 1803, and in the summer of
-that year the regiment marched to Newry, where it
-was augmented to <em>two battalions</em>, from the army of
-reserve. Both battalions were completed to 1100 men
-each in less than two months, and in October the first
-battalion embarked from Ireland for Scotland; it
-landed at Greenock, and proceeded from thence to
-Edinburgh. It was followed to Scotland by the second
-battalion, which was stationed a short time at Stirling
-castle; but on the removal of the first battalion from
-Edinburgh to Haddington, the second battalion proceeded
-to Dunbar.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1804</div>
-
-<p>The threat of invading England made by Napoleon
-Bonaparte, with the progress of the naval preparations
-on the coast of France, and the presence of a numerous
-French army at Boulogne, occasioned the regiment to
-be withdrawn from Scotland in the summer of 1804,
-and to proceed to the south of England, to be in
-readiness to repel the invaders, should they venture to
-land. On quitting Haddington, Lieut.-Colonel Montresor
-received a highly gratifying letter from the
-magistrates and clergy of that place, expressing their
-admiration of the peaceable and regular behaviour of
-the non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the first<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span>
-battalion during their stay at Haddington, and a tribute
-of public respect to the officers for their gentlemanly
-deportment towards the respectable inhabitants in the
-neighbourhood.</p>
-
-<p>Both battalions landed at Ramsgate, and joined the
-troops encamped on Barham Downs. On the breaking
-up of the camp, the second battalion embarked for the
-island of Jersey.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1805</div>
-
-<p>Towards the end of January, the first battalion embarked
-for the island of Jamaica, where it arrived in
-May.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1807</div>
-
-<p>In 1807 the second battalion proceeded to the
-West Indies, and was stationed at the island of
-<ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note&mdash;Original text: 'Curaçoa'">Curaçao</ins>.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1808<br />1809</div>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment being employed in
-guarding the colonial possessions of Great Britain, its
-services were valuable to the Crown and to the kingdom,
-and the exemplary conduct of both battalions was
-commended by the general officers under whom the
-regiment served; but the performance of this duty
-precluded the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> sharing in the brilliant
-campaigns of the British army in the Peninsula, where
-several corps acquired numerous honorary inscriptions
-for their regimental colours.</p>
-
-<p>The first battalion sailed from Jamaica on the 7th
-of June, 1809, with the troops under Major-General
-Sir Hugh Lyle Carmichael, to aid the Spaniards in
-their attempt to reduce the city of <em>St. Domingo</em>. The
-British troops landed about thirty miles from the
-place, and, advancing to the besieged fortress, found
-the Spanish army greatly reduced by sickness. Prompt
-measures were adopted for an attack on the place by
-storm by the British troops, and the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were
-under arms to take part in this service, when hostilities<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span>
-were suddenly terminated by the surrender of the
-French garrison.</p>
-
-<p>After the deliverance of the city of St. Domingo
-from the power of France, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> returned
-to Jamaica.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1810</div>
-
-<p>Very severe losses having been sustained by the
-second battalion from the climate of the West Indies,
-it was directed to transfer its men fit for service to the
-first battalion, and embark for England to recruit. It
-arrived at Ottery barracks, in Devonshire, in October
-1810, and was joined by the regimental depôt, amounting
-to upwards of five hundred men.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1811</div>
-
-<p>In the spring of 1811 the second battalion proceeded
-to the island of Jersey.</p>
-
-<p>On the decease of General Sir James Pulteney,
-Bart., His Royal Highness the Prince Regent conferred
-the colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment on
-Lieut.-General John Lord Hutchinson, K.B., afterwards
-Earl of Donoughmore, from the fifty-seventh
-regiment, by commission dated the 27th of April,
-1811.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1814</div>
-
-<p>The second battalion was employed on garrison duty
-in the island of Jersey until the power of Napoleon
-Bonaparte was overthrown by the armies of the allies,
-and the Bourbon family was restored to the throne of
-France, which was accompanied by the restoration of
-peace to Europe. A reduction was, in consequence,
-made in the strength of the British army, and the
-second battalion of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was
-disbanded at Jersey on the 24th of October 1814,
-transferring its non-commissioned officers and private
-soldiers fit for duty to the first battalion.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1817</div>
-
-<p>After twelve years' service in Jamaica, during
-which time it had suffered severely from the effects of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span>
-climate, and had lost upwards of fifty officers and
-nearly three thousand non-commissioned officers and
-soldiers, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment received orders to
-return to England. It landed at Portsmouth in March,
-1817, in so complete a state of discipline and efficiency,
-that it was ordered to proceed to Brighton, where it
-had the honour of furnishing the usual guard for the
-Prince Regent during His Royal Highness' stay at
-the Pavilion. The regiment was afterwards removed
-to Chatham and Sheerness, and in August it proceeded
-to Hilsea barracks.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1818</div>
-
-<p>Early in 1818 the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment marched to
-Haslar barracks and Gosport; in December it embarked
-for Ireland, and, after landing at Cork, proceeded
-to Fermoy.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1819</div>
-
-<p>From Fermoy the regiment marched, in January,
-1819, to Waterford, Wexford, Carlow, Duncannon-fort,
-and Kilkenny; and the excellent conduct of the men,
-during their stay in these quarters, elicited the admiration
-and gratitude of the public authorities of the
-several places, which was communicated to the corps in
-the strongest terms.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1820</div>
-
-<p>In July, 1820, the regiment marched to Cork.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1821</div>
-
-<p>Orders having been received for the regiment to
-transfer its services to Malta, it embarked from Cork
-in February, 1821, and after its arrival on that island
-the head-quarters were established in the Cottonera
-district, with one company detached to the small island
-of Gozo.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1822</div>
-
-<p>In November, 1822, the regiment was removed to St.
-Elmo barracks and Valetta, where the detached company
-joined from the island of Gozo.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1823</div>
-
-<p>After remaining twelve months at St. Elmo barracks,
-the regiment was removed to Floriana barracks in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span>
-November, 1823, detaching two companies to Fort
-Manuel and Tignie.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1824</div>
-
-<p>On the 8th of May, 1824, the first division of the
-regiment embarked from Malta for the Ionian Islands,
-and was followed by the head-quarters in June, on
-which occasion the following general order, dated
-Malta, 18th of June, 1824, was issued:&mdash;</p>
-
-<p>"The Marquis of Hastings, having been long acquainted
-with the high character of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment of infantry, cannot suffer that distinguished
-corps to quit this island without expressing his
-regret at losing its services. The report made to
-him, by Major-General Sir Manley Power, of the
-uniformly excellent conduct maintained by the officers
-and men of the regiment, during their residence here,
-authorizes the Marquis of Hastings to request that
-they will accept his applause, and his sincere wishes
-for their future welfare.</p>
-
-<p class="right padr4">"<em>By command of His Excellency</em>,</p>
-<p class="right"><span class="smcap">"C. Bayley</span>, A.M.S."</p>
-
-<p>The last division of the regiment arrived at Corfu
-on the 24th of June, and occupied quarters in the
-citadel.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1825</div>
-
-<p>In July, 1825, four companies and the head-quarters
-proceeded to Fort Neuf, leaving the remaining companies
-in the citadel. In August the regiment was formed
-into six service and four depôt companies.</p>
-
-<p>The head-quarters and flank companies returned to
-the citadel on the 14th of November, and on the same
-day four battalion companies embarked for Santa
-Maura, furnishing detachments at Calamas, Magnassia,
-Fort Alexandria, San Nicolo, Fort Constantine, Scorpio,
-San Nichola, and Vassaliki.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1832</div>
-
-<p>The regiment remained at the Ionian Islands until
-February, 1832, when it embarked from Corfu for England,
-and landed at Portsmouth on the 7th of March.</p>
-
-<p>The decease of General the Earl of Donoughmore
-occurred in the summer of 1832, when King William
-IV. appointed Lieut.-General Matthew Lord Aylmer,
-K.C.B., from the fifty-sixth foot, to the colonelcy of the
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment, by commission dated 23rd of
-July, 1832.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1834<br />1835<br />1836</div>
-
-<p>The regiment remained in England until May, 1834,
-when it embarked from Liverpool, and, landing at
-Dublin, was stationed in Ireland nearly three years,
-during which period it preserved its high character.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1837</div>
-
-<p>Having received orders to transfer its services to
-the British possessions in Asia, the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-was divided into six service and four depôt
-companies, and on the 10th of January, 1837, the
-service companies embarked for Ceylon, under the
-orders of Colonel George Burrell: they landed at
-Colombo on the 1st of June, and were stationed at
-that place and at Galle.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1838</div>
-
-<p>In the autumn of 1838 the depôt companies embarked
-from Dublin, and, landing at Portsmouth, were
-stationed in South Britain.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1839</div>
-
-<p>The service companies remained at Colombo and
-Galle until February, 1839, when a change of quarters
-took place, and they were stationed at Trincomalee
-and Galle, where they continued until March of the
-following year.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1840</div>
-
-<p>In the mean time a course of violence and spoliation
-had been commenced by the Chinese government
-against the persons and property of the British merchants
-trading with that empire, in consequence of the
-introduction of opium into China, which was prohibited<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span>
-by the Chinese laws, but was tacitly admitted by the
-local authorities, who did not enforce the law. At
-length, however, the Chinese authorities commenced
-summary measures without sufficient previous notice,
-and the British superintendents of trade found it
-necessary to apply to the Governor-General of India
-for a number of ships of war and armed vessels for
-the protection of life and property. The violence of
-the Chinese, however, could not be restrained by reason
-or menace, but the thunder of British artillery was
-necessary to enforce forbearance.</p>
-
-<p>The British government found it necessary to send
-an expedition to the Chinese seas, to compel the
-government of the "Celestial empire" to acknowledge
-the principles of international law, as adopted by
-civilized nations, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment was
-one of the corps selected for this service. Three
-companies from the depôt embarked from Portsmouth
-in October, 1839, and arrived at Bombay in March,
-1840, and they afterwards sailed for China: three
-companies embarked from Trincomalee in May, and
-three from Galle in June, and sailed for the Chinese
-seas.</p>
-
-<p>Hostilities having been found unavoidable, it became
-important to gain possession of a portion of the Chinese
-territory, and the governor of <em>Chusan</em>, an island lying
-off the coast, and comprising in its jurisdiction a small
-group of islands, was summoned to surrender in the
-beginning of July. He, however, made dispositions to
-defend the place, and on the morning of the 5th of
-July the shore was crowded with Chinese troops, and
-the landing place, wharf, and adjoining hill displayed
-an array of military power. The British shipping
-silenced the enemy's war-junks and batteries; and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span>
-right wing of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment, commanded
-by Major Henry William Adams, with the Royal
-Marines of the fleet, forming the advance, landed. They
-were followed by other corps, and the British troops,
-commanded by Brigadier-General George Burrell,
-Lieut.-Colonel of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, took up a position
-in front of the fortified city of <em>Ting-hae-hien</em>, from whence
-a sharp fire was kept up for some time; but before
-the following day the Chinese soldiers fled in a panic.
-The city was taken possession of, and this success gave
-presage of future conquests; but the climate proved
-injurious to the health of the troops, and many soldiers
-died.</p>
-
-<p>This display of British prowess was followed by
-negotiations; and in August the other three companies
-of the regiment landed on the island of Chusan, a
-detachment taking post at Tsin-Kong.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1841</div>
-
-<p>The tardy councils of the Chinese were expedited by
-the activity of the British naval force, and in the early
-part of 1841 they agreed to give up the island of Hong-Kong,
-pay an indemnity of six million dollars, and open
-a direct intercourse for trading upon an equal footing.
-The detachment of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> stationed at Tsin-Kong
-joined the head-quarters, and on the 17th of
-February the regiment embarked for Hong-Kong,
-where it arrived in seven days, and the island was
-taken possession of; but the Chinese authorities appeared
-by their conduct to have no intention of fulfilling
-the other stipulations of the treaty. Hostilities
-were in consequence resumed, and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment sailed with the expedition up the Canton
-river. The fleet silenced the batteries of <em>Wantong</em>,
-and a body of troops landing, the island was captured
-without the loss of a man, thirteen hundred Chinese<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span>
-soldiers surrendering prisoners of war. Continuing
-the voyage up the river, the fleet arrived at the bar,
-destroyed the enemy's war-junks, and the works were
-stormed and captured by the Marines, &amp;c. As
-the expedition pursued its voyage up the river, the
-Chinese abandoned several batteries and armed rafts,
-and solicited terms of peace; but procrastination
-appeared to be their only object, and the British fleet
-advanced. The forts in front of <em>Canton</em> soon fell
-under the fire of British artillery, the Chinese flotilla
-was destroyed, and terms of peace were again solicited
-by the authorities of the "Celestial empire." While
-negotiations were pending, bodies of Tartar troops
-were arriving at <em>Canton</em>, which exposed the object of
-the enemy; and on the 24th of May the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment and other British troops landed. On the
-following day they advanced against the fortified
-heights on the north of the city, and dispositions were
-made for the attack, when the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, commanded
-by Lieut.-Colonel Adams, supported by the Royal
-Marines, the whole under Major-General Burrell, were
-directed to carry a hill in their front.</p>
-
-<p>Major-General Sir Hugh Gough stated in his
-public despatch,&mdash;"About half past nine o'clock the
-advance was sounded, and it has seldom fallen to
-my lot to witness a more soldierlike and steady
-advance, or a more animated attack. Every individual,
-native as well as European, steadily and
-gallantly did his duty. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> and forty-ninth
-were emulous which should first reach their
-appointed goals; but under this impulse, they did
-not lose sight of that discipline which could alone
-ensure success."</p>
-
-<p>The heights were carried by a spirited effort, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span>
-British colours waved triumphantly on the captured
-forts, and the soldiers looked down on Canton within a
-hundred paces of its walls.</p>
-
-<p>A fortified Chinese camp had been established on the
-high ground on the north-east of the city, and from this
-camp bodies of the enemy advanced against the
-British troops. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, forty-ninth, and a
-company of Marines, met and repulsed the principal
-attack, and, following the fugitives along a causeway,
-stormed and captured the entrenched camp in gallant
-style. Major-General Sir Hugh Gough stated in his
-despatch,&mdash;"I have to record my approval of the
-spirited conduct of Captain <span class="smcap">John Grattan</span>, who
-commanded the two leading companies of the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> across the causeway." The camp was
-burnt, and the magazines were destroyed.</p>
-
-<p>On the following morning a flag of truce was seen on
-the walls, and hostilities were suspended; but procrastination
-still appearing to be the object of the Chinese,
-preparations were made to attack the city by storm, and
-the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> were under arms waiting for the signal
-to rush forward and achieve the conquest of the celebrated
-city of Canton, when an agreement to terms
-suddenly prevented further hostilities, the Chinese
-paying six millions of dollars for the redemption of
-Canton, and opening the port for trade.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment, commanded by Lieut.-Colonel
-Henry William Adams, had two men killed;
-Captain John James Sargent, Lieutenants George
-Hilliard and David Edwards, and sixteen men
-wounded.</p>
-
-<p>On the 2nd of June, the regiment embarked for the
-ceded island of <span class="smcap">Hong-Kong</span>, where it arrived in a few
-days; and this station proving healthy and convenient,
-works were constructed for its protection.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>The Emperor of China disregarded the stipulations
-of treaties, and issued a mandate for the extermination
-of the English who dared thus to insult his coasts and
-capture his towns, offering, at the same time, immense
-rewards for the heads of the British commanders, and
-even a large sum for the head of a private soldier.
-His decrees were responded to by depriving him of a
-greater extent of territory; and on the 22nd of August
-the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> sailed on an expedition against the
-island and city of <em>Amoy</em>, situate in a fine gulf in the
-province of Fokien, the great tea district of China.
-On the 25th of August the fleet arrived before Amoy,
-which was defended by five hundred pieces of cannon
-and a numerous force; but nothing could withstand
-the combined efforts of the British naval and land
-force. On the following day the works were bombarded
-two hours. The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> landed about three
-o'clock, with little opposition, and escaladed a castellated
-wall with great gallantry. They were speedily
-within the works, and afterwards charged up a precipitous
-gorge in the face of two posts of defence, and
-rushing forward with great gallantry, the Chinese
-and Tartar soldiers fled in dismay, after firing a few
-shots. The regiment remained on the heights above
-the city during the night; and on the following morning
-the troops advanced towards the wall. No resistance
-was made, the advance of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-escaladed the walls,&mdash;opened the gates,&mdash;and the city
-was taken possession of. The small island of <em>Koolangsoo</em>
-was captured on the preceding day. The loss of the
-regiment was limited to two men wounded.</p>
-
-<p>On the 5th of September, the regiment sailed with
-the expedition for the recapture of <em>Chusan</em>, which
-island had been given up in consequence of the stipulations
-of the first treaty. The place was found more<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span>
-strongly fortified than before, and a resolute stand was
-made by the Chinese; but British skill and valour
-prevailed. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> landed on the 1st of
-October, stormed the enemy's works with great
-gallantry, under Lieut.-Colonel Adams, and occupied
-the Joss-house hill, Captain Francis Wigston particularly
-distinguishing himself at the head of the
-grenadier company of the regiment. The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-afterwards entered the city of Ting-hae-hien at the
-western gate, and the British colours were speedily
-planted in triumph on the walls. The regiment had one
-serjeant and six rank and file wounded on this occasion.</p>
-
-<p>On the following day the regiment traversed the
-island to Tsin-kong, and afterwards proceeded to
-Sahoo; but returned to Ting-hae-hien on the 4th of
-October, and on the 6th embarked with the expedition
-against the city of <em>Chinhae</em>, the military depôt of the
-province, situate on the mainland opposite Chusan,
-and surrounded by a wall of extraordinary height and
-thickness. The troops landed on the 10th of October,
-advanced through a difficult country towards the city,
-and stormed the works covering the approach to the
-place, overthrowing all opposition. "The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-charged up a deep gorge to the left, and broke
-through the central encampment, carrying everything
-before them."<a name="FNanchor_32_32" id="FNanchor_32_32"></a><a href="#Footnote_32_32" class="fnanchor">[32]</a> The city was captured, and in
-it was an extensive arsenal, and cannon foundry, with
-military stores. The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> crossed the river and
-entered the city on the same evening: their loss was
-one man killed and three wounded.</p>
-
-<p>From Chinhae the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> proceeded up the
-river on the 13th of October, against the fortified city<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span>
-of <em>Ningpo</em>, where no resistance was met with. The
-troops landed and formed on the ramparts, the band of
-the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> playing "God save the Queen," and
-they took possession of the second city in the province of
-Che-Keang, containing a population of three hundred
-thousand souls. The regiment was afterwards stationed
-in the city of Ningpo some time; and the Chinese
-having garrisoned several forts up the river, the flank
-companies embarked on the 27th of December, with an
-expedition to dislodge the Chinese and Tartar soldiers
-from their posts, but the enemy fled without waiting to
-be attacked, and the companies returned to Ningpo.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1842</div>
-
-<p>The flank companies proceeded to You-You on the
-10th of January, 1842, and were engaged in routing
-the enemy, and destroying their encampment the day
-following.</p>
-
-<p>During the first three months of the year 1842, four
-companies of the regiment were stationed at the city
-of Ningpo, under Major Nicholas R. Tomlinson, and five
-companies at Koolangsoo, under Major Jeremiah
-Cowper.</p>
-
-<p>On the 10th of March a numerous army of Tartars
-and Chinese made a sudden attack upon <em>Ningpo</em>, escalading
-the walls, and forcing some of the gates, with
-great spirit, and the few British forces in garrison were
-enveloped by crowds of assailants; but the bravery of
-the British was conspicuous, and they triumphed over
-their numerous opponents. A guard of the regiment,
-consisting of Lieutenant Anthony W. S. F. Armstrong,
-one serjeant, and twenty-three rank and file, stationed
-at the West-gate, being attacked by large numbers,
-behaved steadily, and gallantly drove the enemy back,
-capturing two banners, the bearers of which had
-been shot at the gate: the spirited behaviour of Lieu<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span>tenant
-Armstrong was commended in the public despatches.</p>
-
-<p>Five days afterwards, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> embarked
-from Ningpo, and sailed up the river to attack the
-enemy's posts. On the 15th of March they were
-engaged at <em>Tsekee</em>, and the heights of <em>Segaon</em>, which
-were captured; and the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> also took part in
-forcing the <em>Chankee-pass</em>: they returned to Ningpo on
-the 17th of March.</p>
-
-<p>Three companies of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were withdrawn
-from Koolangsoo at the end of March, and proceeded
-in a steam-vessel to Ningpo, to reinforce the garrison:
-in April two companies proceeded from Ningpo to
-Chinhae. One company was afterwards withdrawn
-from Chinhae and five from Ningpo, to take part in
-the expedition against the fortified city of <em>Chapoo</em>, under
-the command of Lieut.-Colonel Tomlinson. A landing
-was effected on the 18th of May; British prowess was
-again conspicuous, and the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> were distinguished
-for their heroic bearing at the attack and
-capture of this place, on which occasion Lieut.-Colonel
-<span class="smcap">Nicholas R. Tomlinson</span> fell at the head of the regiment,
-"in full career of renown, honoured by the
-corps, and lamented by all."<a name="FNanchor_33_33" id="FNanchor_33_33"></a><a href="#Footnote_33_33" class="fnanchor">[33]</a></p>
-
-<p>The loss of the regiment at the capture of this place
-was Lieut.-Colonel Tomlinson, one serjeant, and three
-rank and file killed; Lieutenants Edward Jodrell and
-Alexander Murray, one serjeant, one drummer, and
-twenty-seven rank and file wounded. Major Jeremiah
-Cowper was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel on
-the 19th May, 1842, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel
-Tomlinson; and Brevet Major John Grattan received
-the Majority. These brilliant successes had taught the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span>
-Chinese the true character of British skill, spirit of
-enterprise, and valour, yet, with unaccountable infatuation,
-the authorities of the "Celestial empire" still
-looked for success, and their resistance gave the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> opportunities of gaining additional
-honours. In June six companies of the regiment were
-employed in an expedition up the Yangtse-Keang
-river, and took part in the capture of the fortified post
-of <em>Woosung</em>, and also in the capture of <em>Poonshau</em>; they
-afterwards advanced against the city of <em>Shanghae</em>, which
-was taken possession of without opposition.</p>
-
-<p>The company of the regiment stationed at Chinhae
-was withdrawn to take part in active operations, and
-seven companies sailed with the expedition to carry on
-operations against <em>Chin-Keang-foo</em>, one of the strongest
-and most important cities of China. To proceed on
-this enterprise the fleet left Woosung on the 6th of
-July, the Chinese troops were driven from <em>Suyshan</em>,
-and on the 20th of July the armament approached
-Chin-Keang-foo. A landing was effected, and the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> evinced the same intrepidity and valour
-in the attack of the enemy's entrenched camp, and at
-the capture of the city by storm, on the 21st of July,
-for which they had previously been distinguished.
-On passing through the city and suburbs, the troops
-witnessed the painful spectacle of hundreds of the dead
-bodies of men, women, and children, lying in the houses,
-numerous families having destroyed themselves
-sooner than outlive the disgrace of their city being
-captured by foreigners.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment had Captain Charles
-J. Russell Collinson and two soldiers killed; Lieutenant
-Scroope Bernard, one serjeant, and fifteen rank
-and file wounded.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>This brilliant success of the British arms filled the
-Chinese empire with consternation and dismay, and the
-English General prepared to carry his victorious troops
-into the heart of the empire, and attack <em>Nankin</em>, the
-ancient capital of China, to which place the fugitives
-from Chin-Keang-foo had fled for refuge. Embarking
-on the 29th of July to carry out this important
-object, the armament proceeded against the celebrated
-city of Nankin, where the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> and other corps
-arrived on the 9th of August, when a great portion of
-the troops landed, and the ancient capital of China
-was environed by the British naval and land forces.
-This decisive step produced the desired results; the
-court of China could no longer hope that its legions
-would eventually arrest the victorious career of the
-British arms, and conditions of peace were acceded to;
-the Chinese paying an indemnity, and ceding a portion
-of territory to the British crown.</p>
-
-<p>Thus terminated a war in which the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>,
-or the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>, regiment, had acquired additional
-reputation; a hostile nation had been impressed with
-a just sense of the capabilities of the English arms;
-and important commercial and national advantages
-had been acquired for the British empire.</p>
-
-<p>Her Majesty, in consideration of the gallantry displayed
-by the troops employed on the coasts and rivers
-of China, was graciously pleased to permit the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> (<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>), twenty-sixth, forty-ninth,
-fifty-fifth, and ninety-eighth regiments, and Royal
-Artillery, to bear on their colours and appointments
-the word "<em>China</em>," and the device of the "<em>Dragon</em>,"
-in commemoration of their distinguished services.</p>
-
-<p>After the termination of the contest, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-sailed from Nankin to the island of Chusan, where<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span>
-they arrived in October: the head-quarters sailed for
-Koolangsoo on the 17th of November, leaving four
-companies of the regiment at Chusan.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1843</div>
-
-<p>The regiment remained at Koolangsoo during the
-year 1843.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1844</div>
-
-<p>On the 1st of April the light company embarked at
-Koolangsoo, and arrived at Chusan on the 10th of
-that month. The head-quarters proceeded from
-Koolangsoo to Chusan in the middle of May, and
-remained there during the year.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1845</div>
-
-<p>The head-quarters of the regiment proceeded from
-Chusan to Hong Kong on the 22nd of February: the
-left wing arrived at Hong Kong from Chusan on the
-12th of May.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1846</div>
-
-<p>During the year 1846 the regiment remained at
-Hong Kong.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1847</div>
-
-<p>The head-quarters, consisting of twenty-four officers,
-thirty-four serjeants, seven drummers, and four hundred
-and sixty-eight rank and file, embarked at Hong
-Kong for active service on the 1st of April, 1847, and
-were employed during the combined naval and military
-operations on the Canton river under Major-General
-D'Aguilar, C.B., and returned to Hong Kong on the
-morning of the 9th of April, 1847, leaving a detachment
-at Canton of three officers, six serjeants, and
-sixty-two men, which returned to Hong Kong on the
-2nd of June following.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment, consisting of twenty-five officers and
-six hundred and fifty-two men, embarked at Hong
-Kong for Calcutta on the 20th of November, 1847.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1848</div>
-
-<p>The regiment arrived at Calcutta on the 10th of
-January, 1848, and occupied the barracks at Fort
-William, where it continued to be stationed on the 1st
-of June, 1848, at which period the record is concluded.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>The foregoing pages, after diligent research, contain,
-as far as possible, a faithful detail of the services of
-the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH, ROYAL IRISH, REGIMENT OF FOOT</span>.</p>
-
-<p>The career of this highly honorable corps can only
-be appreciated as a public body, and as a portion
-of the military force of the British empire, after a
-perusal of its gallant deeds in the various situations
-and services on which it has been employed.</p>
-
-<p>The circumstance of its first formation in the reign
-of King Charles II.,&mdash;of its adhesion to King James II.
-on his succeeding to the British throne in 1685,&mdash;and
-of the severe test to which the army was exposed at the
-Revolution in 1688,&mdash;all prove the value of the corps,
-and the difficulties with which its principal officers had
-to contend at a period when the English nation was
-endeavouring to rid itself of a sovereign of Popish
-principles, and to establish a Protestant Government.</p>
-
-<p>The decided conduct of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH, ROYAL
-IRISH</span>, regiment on the commencement of the Revolution
-in 1688, and throughout the contest in Ireland
-until 1691, evinced a steady loyalty and determination,
-on which King William III. found he could rely.</p>
-
-<p>The same confidence was placed in this regiment
-by King William during the campaigns in Flanders
-from 1691 to 1697, for which the most distinguished
-honours were conferred by His Majesty on the corps
-on account of its heroic services.</p>
-
-<p>In the war of the Spanish Succession, during the
-reign of Queen Anne, from 1702 to 1712, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH,
-ROYAL IRISH</span>, regiment is recorded as having
-shared in the numerous sieges and victories under the
-Duke of Marlborough, as detailed in the Regimental
-Record.</p>
-
-<p>After the cessation of hostilities by the Treaty of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span>
-Utrecht, in 1713, the services of the regiment were
-equally efficient and useful in the British possessions,
-particularly at the island of Minorca, from whence it
-proceeded in 1727 to Gibraltar, when the Spaniards
-again besieged that fortress.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT</span> was again employed in
-Flanders during the war of the Austrian Succession,
-from 1743 to 1748.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment shared also in the arduous duties of
-the British troops employed during the early part of
-the American war, which commenced in 1775.</p>
-
-<p>The next important service on which the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH,
-ROYAL IRISH</span>, regiment was engaged, was the ever-memorable
-campaign of the British army in Egypt,
-which succeeded in repelling from that country the
-French army, which had vainly styled itself "invincible,"
-and through the efforts of which Napoleon Bonaparte
-intended to open a route to India, and thereby disturb,
-if not annihilate, the British possessions in Asia.</p>
-
-<p>After returning from Egypt, the services of this
-valuable regiment were employed in guarding the
-colonial possessions in the West Indies for a period
-of twelve years, during which the British army acquired
-additional honours and distinctions by its services in
-the Peninsula, which terminated in 1814, and afterwards
-by the decisive battle and overthrow of the
-French army at Waterloo.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> was employed on garrison duty
-from 1821 to 1832 in the islands of the Mediterranean.</p>
-
-<p>In 1837 the regiment was embarked for Ceylon, and in
-1840 it formed part of the expedition to the Chinese seas,
-and by its gallantry eventually compelled the government
-of the "<em>Celestial empire</em>" to cede a portion of
-territory to the British Crown, and to pay an indemnity<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span>
-for losses sustained: the word <em>China</em> and the device of
-the <em>Dragon</em>, authorized by Her Majesty to be borne on
-the colours and appointments of the regiment, are
-proud memorials of its services in this distant scene of
-warfare, which was a novel arena, not only to the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, but to European troops generally. The
-regiment was again employed during the military
-operations on the Canton river in 1847, and towards
-the close of that year proceeded to the East Indies.</p>
-
-<p>After a service of twelve years in the eastern parts of
-the world, the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH, ROYAL IRISH</span>, regiment has
-received instructions to be prepared to return to its
-native country, on being relieved by the <em>ninety-sixth</em>
-regiment from the New South Wales Colony.</p>
-
-<p>In drawing this summary, the compiler could not conclude
-the record of the arduous services of so meritorious
-a regiment, without an endeavour to do justice to
-its loyalty and devotedness to ten successive sovereigns,
-and to its zeal and usefulness in the cause of its country,
-during a period of one hundred and sixty-five years.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p4" />
-<hr class="r10a" />
-<p class="center">1848.</p>
-<hr class="r10a" />
-<p class="p4" />
-
-
-<div class="figcenter pg-brk">
-<a name="PL_III" id="PL_III"></a>
-<p class="center font-open">EIGHTEENTH,<br />
-ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT.</p>
-<img src="images/i_b_080.jpg" width="550" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">
-<p class="right"><em>Madeley lith 3 Wellington S<sup>t</sup> Strand</em></p>
-<p class="center">FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS.</p></div>
-</div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span><br />
- <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<h2><span class="fs80">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</span></h2>
-
-<p class="pfs70">OF THE</p>
-<p class="pfs150">EIGHTEENTH,</p>
-<p class="pfs120">OR THE ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-
-<hr class="r30" />
-
-<p class="center smcap">Arthur Viscount of Granard.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st April, 1684.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Arthur Forbes</span>, son of Sir Patrick Forbes, a Baronet of
-Nova Scotia, was a cavalry officer in the Royal army during
-the rebellion in the reign of King Charles I., and attained
-the rank of Colonel in 1646. In 1651 he held a considerable
-command in the north of Scotland, and after the defeat of
-the Scots army at Worcester on the 3rd of September, 1651,
-Colonel Forbes opposed the progress of the English under
-General Monk, afterwards Duke of Albemarle, but was
-eventually defeated, and fled to Ireland, where he was
-permitted by Oliver Cromwell to possess his paternal estate.
-He took an active part in bringing about the Restoration in
-1660, and was appointed one of the commissioners of the
-Court of Claims in Ireland: he was also nominated captain
-of an independent troop of horse, and elected a member of
-Parliament for Mullingar. He took an active part in preventing
-the breaking out of a conspiracy against the government
-in Ireland, in 1663; in 1670 he was sworn a member
-of the Privy Council, and nominated Marshal of the army,&mdash;a
-rank not continued in the service; and in 1671 he was
-constituted one of the Lords Justices of Ireland. His<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span>
-services were rewarded, in 1675, with the dignity of Baron
-Clanehugh, and <span class="smcap">Viscount of Granard</span>; and in April,
-1684, his Lordship was nominated Colonel of one of the
-regiments, formed of independent companies in Ireland, at
-that period, now the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, or the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment. In September following he was promoted to
-the rank of Lieut.-General, and two months afterwards he was
-advanced to the dignity of <span class="smcap">Earl of Granard</span>. In March,
-1685, King James II. nominated the <span class="smcap">Earl of Granard</span>
-one of the Lords Justices of the kingdom, and he was also
-appointed Chairman of the Council; in 1686 his Lordship
-resigned the colonelcy of the regiment in favour of his son,
-Arthur Lord Forbes. Being pressed upon to proceed with
-unusual severity against the Protestants, he wrote to the
-King for permission to resign; but His Majesty wrote an
-answer with his own hand, requesting him to continue in
-office: he, however, advocated the cause of the Protestants
-with so much warmth, that he was dismissed by King James
-in March, 1689. The Earl of Granard attached himself
-to the interests of King William III. He was sworn of the
-Privy Council in December, 1690; and he commanded the
-troops at the reduction of Sligo, in 1691.</p>
-
-<p>The Earl of Granard built the Church of Castle-Forbes,
-and established the linen manufactory at that place. He
-died in 1694.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Arthur Lord Forbes.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st March, 1686.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Arthur Lord Forbes</span>, son of the Earl of Granard, held a
-commission in the army in Ireland in the reign of King
-Charles II., and in 1686 he succeeded his father in the
-colonelcy of the regiment which is now the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, or
-the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment. He was a spirited young
-nobleman, and succeeded in retaining more Protestants in
-his regiment than were to be found in any other corps in the
-army in Ireland. He joined the Prince of Orange at the
-Revolution in 1688, when he withdrew from the service. He
-succeeded to the dignity of <span class="smcap">Earl of Granard</span> on the
-decease of his father in 1694. He died in August, 1734.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir John Edgeworth.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 31st December, 1688.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This officer held a commission in the army in the reign of
-King Charles II., and was appointed Captain of a non-regimented
-company of pikemen and musketeers in Ireland.
-He was afterwards promoted to the Majority of the Earl of
-Granard's regiment, now <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, which corps he
-accompanied to England at the Revolution in 1688, when he
-joined the Prince of Orange's interest, and was promoted
-to the Colonelcy of his regiment. Being afterwards found
-guilty of irregularity in providing clothing for his regiment,
-he was dismissed the service.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Edward Earl of Meath.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st May, 1689.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent">The Honourable <span class="smcap">Edward Brabazon</span>, second son of
-Edward, second Earl of Meath, was appointed Captain of a
-non-regimented company of pikemen and musketeers in the
-summer of 1661, and he was afterwards nominated keeper of
-the royal parks in Ireland, and ranger of Phœnix Park, near
-Dublin. He subsequently commanded a troop of cuirassiers;
-but falling under the displeasure of the lord-lieutenant, the
-Earl of Essex, he was removed from his appointments: he
-was, however, restored to favour at a subsequent period. In
-1684 he succeeded, on the death of his brother, to the
-dignity of <span class="smcap">Earl of Meath</span>. He joined the Prince of
-Orange at the Revolution of 1688, and in May, 1689, he was
-appointed Colonel of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment, which
-corps he accompanied to Ireland, and served at the siege of
-Carrickfergus and at the battle of the Boyne; he also
-evinced great gallantry at the siege of Limerick, where he
-was wounded. He was sworn a member of the Privy
-Council in December, 1690. After the deliverance of
-Ireland from the power of King James was accomplished, he
-chose to remain in that country in order to devote himself to its
-interests, and withdrew from the army. He died in 1708.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Frederick Hamilton.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 19th December, 1692.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Frederick Hamilton</span> rose to the command of one of the
-independent companies in Ireland in the reign of King
-Charles II., and in 1684 his company was incorporated in
-Lord Mountjoy's regiment. Being a zealous Protestant,
-Captain Hamilton was deprived of his commission by Earl
-Tyrconnel, and remained unemployed until the Revolution of
-1688, when King William III. gave him a company in
-Lord Forbes's, now the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> foot, and promoted him
-to the Majority of the regiment. He accompanied the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> to Ireland, served at the siege of Carrickfergus,
-the battle of the Boyne, and at the storming of Limerick,
-where he distinguished himself, and was promoted to the
-Lieut.-Colonelcy of the regiment, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel
-Newcomb, who was mortally wounded. He served
-at the siege of Athlone, and at the battle of Aghrim, in 1691;
-also at the second siege of Limerick: and in 1692 he commanded
-the regiment in the expedition under Meinhardt
-Duke of Leinster; in December of the same year he succeeded
-the Earl of Meath in the Colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-regiment. He served the campaign of 1694 under King
-William, and in 1695 he distinguished himself at the siege
-of Namur, and was wounded at the assault of the Castle. In
-May, 1702, he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General,
-and the four regiments under his command were engaged in
-the sieges of Venloo and Ruremonde. He also commanded
-a brigade during the campaign of 1703; was promoted to
-the rank of Major-General on the 1st of February, 1704, and
-served the campaign of that year in Germany, taking part in
-gaining the victories at Schellenberg and Blenheim. Having
-become advanced in years and infirm, he retired from the
-service in 1705, Queen Anne giving him permission to sell
-the colonelcy of his regiment to Lieut.-General Ingoldsby.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Richard Ingoldsby.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st April, 1705.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Richard Ingoldsby</span> entered the army in the reign of King
-Charles II., his first commission being dated the 13th of June,
-1667. He adhered to the Protestant interest at the Revolution
-in 1688, and served under King William III., who
-promoted him to the Colonelcy of the Twenty-third Regiment
-in February, 1693. He commanded the Twenty-third at the
-siege of Namur, in 1695, and in June, 1696, he was promoted
-to the rank of Brigadier-General. On the breaking out of the
-war in 1701, he was sent to Holland with a body of British
-troops, and he highly distinguished himself during several
-campaigns under the great Duke of Marlborough. He was
-promoted to the rank of Major-General on the 9th of March,
-1702, and served in that capacity during the campaigns of
-that and the following year. In January, 1704, he was promoted
-to the rank of Lieut.-General, and his name is found
-among the officers who distinguished themselves at the
-battles of Schellenberg and Blenheim. After acquiring a
-high reputation in the field, he was honoured with the
-appointments of one of Her Majesty's Lords Justices, and
-Master of the Horse for Ireland. He died on the 29th of
-January, 1712.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Richard Stearne.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 18th February, 1712.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This officer commences a journal of his services in the following
-words:&mdash;"In the year 1678 I got a commission from
-King Charles II. to be Ensign to Captain John St. Ledger's
-company, then one of the independent companies of Ireland;
-and in the following year I was made Lieutenant to the
-same company. In the year 1684 all the independent
-troops and companies in Ireland were incorporated into
-regiments; Captain St. Ledger's company being one of
-those that composed the regiment commanded by the Earl
-of Granard"&mdash;now the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, or <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span></span>
-regiment of foot. He accompanied his regiment to England
-at the Revolution in 1688, and on the 1st of March, 1689, he
-was appointed Captain of the company to which he belonged.
-He served with his regiment in Ireland, at the siege of
-Carrickfergus, the battle of the Boyne, the sieges of Limerick
-and Athlone, the battle of Aghrim, and the second siege of
-Limerick, besides several detached services. In 1692 he was
-promoted to the majority of his regiment. He served in the
-expedition under the Duke of Leinster; and afterwards
-joining the army in Flanders, was at the siege of Namur,
-where his regiment distinguished itself and acquired the title
-of the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment: Lieut.-Colonel Ormsby being
-killed on this occasion, King William promoted Major
-<span class="smcap">Stearne</span> to the lieut.-colonelcy of the regiment. He served
-in the Netherlands and Germany during the whole of the
-wars of Queen Anne, was at the battles of Schellenberg,
-Blenheim, Ramilies, Oudenarde, and Malplaquet, and also at
-the forcing of the French lines in 1705, 1710, and 1711,
-and took part in numerous sieges, at which the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>
-distinguished themselves. Lieut.-Colonel Stearne was promoted
-to the rank of Colonel in 1707, and to that of Brigadier-General
-in 1711; in 1712 he was rewarded with the colonelcy
-of his regiment; he was also nominated Governor of the Royal
-Hospital at Dublin. He concludes the journal of his numerous,
-distinguished, and meritorious services in the following
-words:&mdash;</p>
-
-<p>"In the month of May, 1717, the regiment received orders
-to march to Portsmouth, and there I take my leave of them,
-for, in the month of January following, His Majesty gave
-me leave to resign my regiment to Colonel William Cosby,
-after having served six crowned heads of England, and been
-forty years attached to one company without ever being
-removed from it; having made twenty-one campaigns;
-having been in seven field-battles&mdash;fifteen sieges&mdash;seven
-grand attacks on counterscarps and breaches&mdash;two remarkable
-retreats&mdash;at the passing of four of the enemy's lines&mdash;besides
-several other petty actions; and, through
-God's assistance, never had one drop of blood drawn from
-me in all those actions. After I had disposed of my
-regiment, I went to my government in Ireland." Brigadier-General
-Stearne died on the 1st of November, 1732.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">William Cosby.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 24th December, 1717.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap"><ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note&mdash;Original text: 'Willam Cosby'">William Cosby</ins></span> was many years an officer in the cavalry of
-the royal household, and rose to the rank of Lieutenant and
-Lieut.-Colonel of the first troop, now first regiment, of life
-guards; from which he was promoted, in December, 1717, to
-the colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, or the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment. He accompanied the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> to Minorca,
-and commanded a detachment of five hundred men sent from
-that island to Gibraltar, when the Spaniards besieged that
-fortress in 1727. He was subsequently nominated Governor
-of the Leeward Islands, and in January, 1732, he was
-appointed Captain-General and Governor-in-Chief of New
-York and New Jersey, when he relinquished the colonelcy
-of his regiment. In 1735 he was promoted to the rank of
-Brigadier-General. He died on the 2nd of May, 1737.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir Charles Hotham, Bart.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 7th January, 1732.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Charles Hotham</span> entered the army in the reign of Queen
-Anne, and served on the Continent under the great Duke of
-Marlborough. In 1723 he succeeded to the dignity of a
-Baronet. He was nominated to the colonelcy of the
-<span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, or the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment, in 1732, and
-removed to the second troop of horse grenadier guards in
-1735. He died in 1738.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">John Armstrong.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 13th May, 1735.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This officer entered the army in 1704, and served with reputation
-under the celebrated John Duke of Marlborough.
-After distinguishing himself on several occasions he was promoted
-to the lieut.-colonelcy of the fifteenth regiment, and
-was promoted to the rank of Colonel in December, 1712. In<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span>
-1717 he obtained the colonelcy of a newly-raised regiment,
-which was disbanded in the following year. He was rewarded
-with the colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span>, and promoted to the
-rank of Brigadier-General, in 1735, and in 1739 he was
-advanced to the rank of Major-General. He died on the 15th
-of April, 1742.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir John Mordaunt, K.B.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 18th December, 1742.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent">On the 25th of August, 1721, this officer entered the army,
-and after a progressive service of several years he rose to the
-rank of Captain and Lieut.-Colonel in the third foot guards,
-from which he was promoted to the colonelcy of a newly-raised
-corps, now forty-seventh, in 1741, and was removed to
-the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment in the following year. Having
-been promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General in June, 1745,
-he commanded a brigade against the rebel army, and distinguished
-himself, at the battle of Falkirk, on the 17th of
-January, 1746. He afterwards served under His Royal Highness
-the Duke of Cumberland, and was detached with two
-regiments of dragoons and the Campbell Highlanders in pursuit
-of the rebels on their retreat from Stirling. At the
-decisive battle of Culloden he commanded a brigade of infantry,
-and gained additional reputation; and afterwards
-proceeding to the Netherlands, he distinguished himself at the
-head of a brigade at the battle of Val, in 1747. In the
-autumn of the same year he was promoted to the rank of
-Major-General; he was afterwards removed to the twelfth
-dragoons, and in July, 1749, to the fourth horse, now seventh
-dragoon guards; in November following he was removed to
-the tenth dragoons. He was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General
-in 1754, and to that of General in 1770. His services
-were also rewarded with the dignity of Knight of the Most
-Honourable Military Order of the Bath, and the government of
-Berwick. He died in October, 1780.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">John Folliott.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 22nd December, 1747.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent">After serving with reputation in the subordinate commissions,
-this officer was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the
-seventh horse, now sixth dragoon guards, in June, 1737, and
-his constant attention to all the duties of commanding officer
-of that distinguished corps was rewarded, in June, 1743,
-with the colonelcy of the sixty-second regiment (afterwards
-disbanded); from which he was removed, in 1747, to the
-<span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment. He was promoted to the rank of
-Major-General in 1754, and to that of Lieut.-General in 1758;
-he was also nominated Governor of Ross Castle. He died in
-January, 1762, at which period he was Member of Parliament
-for Sligo.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir John Sebright, Bart.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st April, 1762.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">John Sebright</span> was many years an officer in the first foot
-guards, in which corps he was promoted to the rank of
-Captain and Lieut.-Colonel on the 2nd of May, 1749; and in
-October, 1758, he was nominated to the colonelcy of the
-eighty-third foot. In 1761 he was promoted to the rank of
-Major-General; and was removed to the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span> regiment
-in the following year. On the decease of his brother
-in 1765, he succeeded to the dignity of <span class="smcap">Baronet</span>. He was
-promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General in 1770, and to that
-of General in 1782. His decease occurred on the 23rd of
-February, 1794.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Sir James Murray, Bart.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 26th February, 1794.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">James Murray</span> served in the army in the Seven Years' War,
-and was appointed Major in the ninety-seventh foot in April
-1762: in the following year his regiment was disbanded. In
-1771 he succeeded, on the decease of his father, to the dignity
-of <span class="smcap">Baronet</span>. He was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel
-in 1772; and served with reputation in the American war,
-particularly at the defence of St. Christopher. In 1789 he
-was honoured with the appointment of Aide-de-camp to the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span>
-King, with the rank of Colonel; and in 1793 he was appointed
-Adjutant-General to the army in Flanders, commanded by His
-Royal Highness the Duke of York, and promoted to the rank
-of Major-General; and while employed on the Staff in Flanders
-he was nominated Colonel of the <span class="fs70">EIGHTEENTH</span> regiment, his
-commission being dated the 26th of February, 1794. Having
-married the Countess of Bath, he assumed the surname and
-arms of <span class="smcap">Pulteney</span>. In the summer of 1800 he commanded
-an expedition against the fortress of Ferrol, in Spain; after
-viewing the town and defences he resolved not to lose time
-in attacking this place, but to join the armament under Lieut.-General
-Sir Ralph Abercromby. In 1807 he was nominated
-Secretary at War, and held that appointment two years: in
-1808 he was promoted to the rank of General. His decease
-occurred on the 26th of April, 1811, and was occasioned by
-an injury received from the explosion of a powder-flask while
-shooting on his estate at Buckenham, in Norfolk.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">John H. Lord Hutchinson, K.B.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 27th April, 1811.</em></p>
-
-<p class="noindent">The Honourable <span class="smcap">John Hely Hutchinson</span> entered the army in
-January, 1774, as Cornet in the eighteenth light dragoons,
-and in October, 1776, he was promoted Captain of a company
-in the sixty-seventh regiment: in 1777 he was elected a
-Member of Parliament for Cork. On the 21st of September,
-1781, he was advanced to Major in the seventy-seventh, or
-Atholl Highlanders, in which corps he rose to the rank of
-Lieut.-Colonel in 1783; but his regiment was disbanded soon
-after the termination of the American war. Having previously
-studied tactics at Strasburg, he again visited the
-Continent, and acquired additional information on military
-subjects. Soon after the commencement of the French revolutionary
-war he returned to the United Kingdom; was promoted
-to the rank of Colonel on the 1st of March, 1794; and,
-taking great interest in raising the ninety-fourth regiment,
-he was appointed Colonel of that corps in October. He
-served two campaigns in Flanders, as extra Aide-de-camp to
-Sir Ralph Abercromby. He was promoted to the rank of
-Major-General in 1796; and, serving in Ireland during the
-rebellion in 1798, he was second in command at the action at
-Castlebar. He also served in the expedition to Holland in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span>
-1799, and honourable mention is made of his gallant conduct
-in the public despatches. Having given proof of his capabilities
-as a General officer, he was nominated second in
-command in the expedition to Egypt, under Lieut.-General
-Sir Ralph Abercromby; and after the death of that officer,
-from wounds received in the action of the 21st of March, the
-command of the troops devolved on Major-General Hutchinson,
-who found himself suddenly placed at the head of the
-army under circumstances of a peculiarly difficult character.
-In the subsequent operations in Egypt he evinced talent and
-energy, sustaining the honour of his Sovereign, promoting
-the glory of his country, and forcing the French "Army
-of the East" to evacuate Egypt. For his services in this
-enterprise he twice received the thanks of both Houses of
-Parliament; he gained the approbation of his Sovereign, was
-nominated a Knight of the Bath, received the Order of the
-Crescent from the Grand Seignior, was elevated to the peerage
-by the title of <span class="smcap">Baron Hutchinson of Alexandria</span> and of
-Knocklofty in the county of Tipperary, and received an
-important addition to his income: he was also nominated
-Governor of Stirling Castle. In 1803 his Lordship was promoted
-to the rank of Lieut.-General.</p>
-
-<p>The subsequent services of Lord Hutchinson were of a diplomatic
-character: in November, 1806, he proceeded on an
-extraordinary mission to the Prussian and Russian armies; and
-he afterwards proceeded to the court of St. Petersburg. In
-1806 he was nominated to the colonelcy of the fifty-seventh
-regiment, and was removed, in 1811, to the <span class="fs70">ROYAL IRISH</span>
-regiment: in 1813 he was promoted to the rank of General.
-On the decease of his brother, in 1825, he succeeded to the
-title of <span class="smcap">Earl of Donoughmore</span>. He died on the 6th of July,
-1832.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center smcap">Matthew Lord Aylmer.</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 23rd July, 1832.</em></p>
-
-<p class="p4 center fs80">THE END.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p4" />
-<hr class="chapa" />
-<p class="pfs70">
-London: Printed by <span class="smcap">William Clowes</span> and <span class="smcap">Sons</span>, Stamford Street,<br />
-For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.</p>
-<p class="p4" />
-
-
-<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> This regiment has furnished several historians of its early services.
-The first is General Richard Stearne, who was nominated
-ensign of one of the independent companies in 1678, and colonel of
-the regiment in 1712: his narrative comprises a period of forty-one
-years,&mdash;viz. from 1678 to 1719, and is continued by an officer of
-the regiment to 1759: this work is in manuscript. The journal of
-Captain Parker, who entered the regiment as private in 1689, rose
-to the rank of captain, and retired in 1718, embraces the services of
-the regiment during that period, and was afterwards published by
-his son. General Richard Kane, who was many years an officer of
-the regiment, gives an account of its services, in the wars of King
-William III. and of Queen Anne, in a work on military discipline.
-Private Millner also published a journal of the campaigns from 1701
-to 1712. No other regiment has produced so many historians of
-its services.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> Smollett.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> General Stearne, Captain Parker, Bishop Burnett, Smollett, &amp;c.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> <em>List of Irish Troops which came to England at the Revolution
-in 1688.</em></p>
-
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="">
-<tr><td></td><td class="tdc fs80" colspan="2">Number of Officers<br />and Soldiers. &nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">Colonel Butler's dragoons, disbanded by the Prince of Orange</td><td class="tdr">635</td><td class="tdr">&nbsp;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">Battalion of Foot Guards <span class="pad4">ditto</span></td><td class="tdr">641</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Lord Forbes's</span> Regiment, now the <span class="smcap">Eighteenth</span>, or <span class="smcap">Royal Irish</span></td><td class="tdr">771</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">Major-General Hamilton's regt., disbanded by the Prince of Orange</td><td class="tdr">771</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr">&mdash;&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdr">Total<span class="pad4">&nbsp;</span></td><td class="tdr">2818</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdr" colspan="2"><em>Official Records.</em></td></tr>
-</table>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="p1 footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_10_10" id="Footnote_10_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> General Stearne's Journal. A similar statement is also given
-in Captain Parker's Memoirs.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> Story's History of the War in Ireland.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_12_12" id="Footnote_12_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> This list is from Story's History of the War in Ireland; the
-Journals of General Stearne and Captain Parker say six officers
-killed and eight wounded, but do not give their names.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_13_13" id="Footnote_13_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> The Baron De Ghinkel was born in Guelderland: he commenced
-his military career in early life, and obtained the Order of the
-Elephant from the Prince of Orange for services in Flanders.
-He accompanied King William III to Ireland in 1690, and served
-under Marshal Duke Schomberg, and afterwards under Count Solms:
-he was appointed to succeed the latter in the chief command of the
-army in Ireland, and after the termination of the war in 1691, his
-Majesty conferred on him the honor of the Irish peerage with the title
-of <em>Earl of Athlone</em> and <em>Viscount Aghrim</em>: he died at Utrecht in 1705.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_14_14" id="Footnote_14_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> The rank of the several regiments of the British Army was
-first regulated by a Board of General Officers assembled in the
-Netherlands, by command of King William III., on the 10th
-June, 1694.
-</p>
-<p>
-Another Board of General Officers was assembled by order of
-Queen Anne in 1713, to decide on the rank and precedence of
-regiments raised subsequently to 1694.
-</p>
-<p>
-A third Board was assembled, by command of King George I., in
-1715, for the same purpose.
-</p>
-<p>
-These Boards recommended that English regiments, raised in
-England, should take rank from the dates of their formation; and
-that English, Scots, and Irish regiments, raised for the service of a
-foreign power, should take rank from the dates of their being placed
-on the English establishment.
-</p>
-<p>
-The numerical titles of regiments, as fixed on the principle laid
-down in the reports of the Boards of General Officers, above alluded
-to, were confirmed by the warrant issued by authority of King
-George II., dated 1st July, 1751,&mdash;and also by the warrant of King
-George III., dated 19th December, 1768.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_15_15" id="Footnote_15_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15_15"><span class="label">[15]</span></a> See <a href="#Footnote_30_30"><span title="Footnote [30]">Note inserted at page 46.</span></a></p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_16_16" id="Footnote_16_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16_16"><span class="label">[16]</span></a> A similar statement is made in General Stearne's Journal, and is
-corroborated by other evidence.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_17_17" id="Footnote_17_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17_17"><span class="label">[17]</span></a> This list is from D'Auvergne's History of the Campaigns in
-Flanders. General Stearne gives a greater number; as he appears
-to include slight wounds not noticed in the official returns. Captain
-Parker's statement agrees with the above.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_18_18" id="Footnote_18_18"></a><a href="#FNanchor_18_18"><span class="label">[18]</span></a> General Stearne's Journal.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_19_19" id="Footnote_19_19"></a><a href="#FNanchor_19_19"><span class="label">[19]</span></a> Colonel John Churchill was created Baron Churchill on the
-14th May, 1685;&mdash;Earl of Marlborough on the 9th April, 1689;&mdash;and
-Duke of Marlborough on the 14th December, 1702.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_20_20" id="Footnote_20_20"></a><a href="#FNanchor_20_20"><span class="label">[20]</span></a> The British regiments at the siege of Venloo were the eighth,
-thirteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth, under Brigadier-General
-F. Hamilton and Lieut.-General Lord Cutts.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_21_21" id="Footnote_21_21"></a><a href="#FNanchor_21_21"><span class="label">[21]</span></a> Boyer's Annals of Queen Anne. The regimental historians do
-not give the names of the officers in their lists of killed and wounded
-on this occasion.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_22_22" id="Footnote_22_22"></a><a href="#FNanchor_22_22"><span class="label">[22]</span></a> This list is taken from General Stearne's Journal; he, being
-lieut.-colonel commanding the regiment at the time, had every
-opportunity of being well acquainted with its loss. His list does not
-correspond exactly with that given by Captain Parker. In the list in
-Boyer's 'Annals of Queen Anne,' there is another wounded officer
-included, viz. Lieutenant Weddle.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_23_23" id="Footnote_23_23"></a><a href="#FNanchor_23_23"><span class="label">[23]</span></a> The names of the officers killed and wounded are not given.
-Captain Parker states that he was wounded; his list says seven officers
-killed and eight wounded.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_24_24" id="Footnote_24_24"></a><a href="#FNanchor_24_24"><span class="label">[24]</span></a> This corps was styled <em>foot-guards</em> in the reigns of King Charles
-II. and King James II.; the second battalion came to England at the
-Revolution, and was disbanded by the Prince of Orange. The first
-battalion adhered to King James, and at the treaty of Limerick, in
-1691, transferred its services to the crown of France.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_25_25" id="Footnote_25_25"></a><a href="#FNanchor_25_25"><span class="label">[25]</span></a> Alluding to both regiments bearing the Irish Harp on their
-Colours.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_26_26" id="Footnote_26_26"></a><a href="#FNanchor_26_26"><span class="label">[26]</span></a> The following curious statement is inserted in Lieut.-Colonel
-Stearne's journal:&mdash;"During the siege of Aire, provisions were very
-scarce; but one thing gave the soldiers relief, and it is indeed almost
-incredible&mdash;and it was the hoards of corn which the mice had laid
-up in store-houses in the earth, which our men found, and came home
-daily loaded with corn, which they got out of these hoards."
-Captain Parker alludes to the same circumstance, and adds,&mdash;"These
-hoards were from four to six feet under ground, and in
-many of them our men found some pecks of corn."</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_27_27" id="Footnote_27_27"></a><a href="#FNanchor_27_27"><span class="label">[27]</span></a> On the appointment of <em>Lieut.-Colonel Stearne</em> to the colonelcy,
-Captain Parker states,&mdash;"He had served in the regiment from its
-establishment, and, <em>being a brave and gallant man</em>, he rose gradually,
-by long service and good fortune, until, from an ensign, he
-became our colonel."</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_28_28" id="Footnote_28_28"></a><a href="#FNanchor_28_28"><span class="label">[28]</span></a> See <a href="#Footnote_14_14"><span title="Footnote [14]">Note inserted at page 14.</span></a></p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_29_29" id="Footnote_29_29"></a><a href="#FNanchor_29_29"><span class="label">[29]</span></a> Continuation of General Stearne's Journal.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_30_30" id="Footnote_30_30"></a><a href="#FNanchor_30_30"><span class="label">[30]</span></a> The Warrant of the 1st July, 1751, issued by command of King
-George II., contained regulations for the Standards, Colours, Clothing,
-&amp;c., of the regiments of Cavalry and Infantry, in order to
-ensure uniformity throughout the army. In this warrant it was
-directed, that in the centre of each colour the <em>Number</em> of the rank of
-the regiment should be painted or embroidered in gold Roman
-characters. In the colours of those regiments authorised to bear any
-<em>Royal Devices</em>, or <em>Ancient Badges</em>, the <em>Rank</em> of the regiment should
-be painted, or embroidered, towards the upper corner.
-</p>
-<p>
-A Warrant was also issued by King George III., on the 19th
-December, 1768, containing regulations on the same subject.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_31_31" id="Footnote_31_31"></a><a href="#FNanchor_31_31"><span class="label">[31]</span></a> Lieut.-General Stuart's despatch.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_32_32" id="Footnote_32_32"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32_32"><span class="label">[32]</span></a> Major-General Sir Hugh Gough's despatch.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_33_33" id="Footnote_33_33"></a><a href="#FNanchor_33_33"><span class="label">[33]</span></a> Sir Hugh Gough's despatch.</p></div>
-
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="transnote pg-brk">
-<a name="TN" id="TN"></a>
-<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p>
-
-<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
-corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the
-text and consultation of external sources.</p>
-
-<p>The original text has a dot under superscripted letters; this
-has been removed in the etext.</p>
-
-<p>Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
-and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example,
-Hong Kong, Hong-Kong; foot-guards, foot guards; situate; harquebus;
-enrol; ensanguined.</p>
-
-<p>
-<a href="#Page_xxxiii">Pg xxxiii</a>, 'Curaçoa' replaced by 'Curaçao'.<br />
-<a href="#Page_45">Pg 45</a>, sidenote '1746' was moved up one paragraph to a more
- relevant position.<br />
-<a href="#Page_61">Pg 61</a>, 'Curaçoa' replaced by 'Curaçao'.<br />
-<a href="#Page_87">Pg 87</a>, 'Willam Cosby' replaced by 'William Cosby'.<br />
-</p>
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
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