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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..048f489 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #50934 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/50934) diff --git a/old/50934-0.txt b/old/50934-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index a13f97c..0000000 --- a/old/50934-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1283 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Augusta Tabor, by Caroline Bancroft - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Augusta Tabor - Her Side of the Scandal - -Author: Caroline Bancroft - -Release Date: January 15, 2016 [EBook #50934] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUGUSTA TABOR *** - - - - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - - - AUGUSTA - TABOR - _HER SIDE OF THE SCANDAL_ - - - By Caroline Bancroft Price 75c - - Copyright 1955 by Caroline Bancroft. Fifth edition, 1968 - -_All rights in this book are reserved. It may not be used for dramatic, - radio, television, motion or talking picture purposes without written - authorization._ - - Johnson Publishing Co., Boulder, Colorado - - [Illustration] - - - - - The Author - - -Caroline Bancroft is a third generation Coloradan who began writing her -first history for The Denver Post in 1928. - -Her long-standing interest in western history was inherited. Her pioneer -grandfather, Dr. F. J. Bancroft, was a founder of the Colorado -Historical Society and its first president. - -His granddaughter has carried on the family tradition. She is the author -of the interesting series of Bancroft Booklets, _Silver Queen: The -Fabulous Story of Baby Doe Tabor_, _Famous Aspen_, _Denver’s Lively -Past_, _Historic Central City_, _The Brown Palace in Denver_, _Tabor’s -Matchless Mine and Lusty Leadville_, _Glenwood’s Early Glamor_, _Augusta -Tabor: Her Side of the Scandal_, _The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown_, _Unique -Ghost Towns_, _Colorado’s Lost Gold Mines and Buried Treasure_, and the -basic, over-all history, _Colorful Colorado_. - -A Bachelor of Arts from Smith College, she later obtained a Master of -Arts degree from the University of Denver, writing her thesis on Central -City, Colorado. Her full-sized _Gulch of Gold_ is the attractive, -definitive history of that well-known area. - -She is shown standing beside the headgate at Lake Caroline on Mt. -Bancroft, a Continental Divide peak named for her grandfather. The photo -was taken by Charles Eaton in the summer of 1956. - - STEPHEN L. R. McNICHOLS - Governor of Colorado - 1957-63 - - [Illustration] - - - - - Augusta Tabor: - _Her Side of the Scandal_ - - -“She is a blonde, I understand, and paints. But I have never seen her.” - -Augusta Tabor made this remark about Baby Doe in the course of a long -interview that she gave to a reporter for the _Denver Republican_. The -account appeared on October 31, 1883, and carried several heads. One of -these read, “Mrs. Tabor No. 1 makes some spicy revelations.” - -Augusta received her caller in the elegantly furnished sitting-room of -her twenty-room mansion. The house stood at the corner of Seventeenth -Avenue and Lincoln Street but faced Broadway. Its address was 97 -Broadway, and was entered along a spruce-lined circular driveway. The -house and its surrounding block of land had been part of her divorce -settlement from the millionaire Silver King, Horace A. W. Tabor. - -That divorce in the January preceding had been a national scandal, only -to be topped by the even greater scandal of her former husband’s -remarriage. The wedding was performed on March 1 in Washington where -Tabor had gone to serve a thirty-day term as senator. It was attended by -a number of political big-wigs, including President Chester Arthur; but -they came without their wives. The women drew a sharp line against -recognizing “that blonde,” the former Mrs. Elizabeth McCourt Doe. - -The best people continued to draw that line. When the Tabors returned to -Denver after their honeymoon, no one called on the second Mrs. Tabor. -But shortly afterward Augusta came home from California where she had -taken her broken heart. Two hundred and fifty people organized a -surprise reception for her at her palatial residence. - -But in the following months Augusta brooded. - -“I do not consider myself divorced from Mr. Tabor,” she told the -reporter. “The whole proceedings were irregular. If it were not for my -son, Maxcy, I would commence suit tomorrow to have the divorce annulled. -I repeat, it was illegal.” - -“Do you think Mr. Tabor would live with you if you were to have the -divorce set aside?” the reporter asked. - -“No, I couldn’t hope for that. But it would be a great deal of -satisfaction to know that that woman was no more to him than she was -before he gave her his name and mine.” - -Augusta glanced over to the center table where she had laid down her -sewing, a piece of silk patchwork. The reporter thought she looked -lonely and sad-faced. Then she sighed. - -“Well, there has been scandal enough, God knows. It would make a big -volume if put in book form. It has aged me.” - -A new chapter of the scandal was being enacted that week. Horace Tabor -was suing his old friend and business manager, William H. Bush, for -$25,000 because of sundry debts, including a $2,000 embezzlement as -former manager of the Tabor Grand Opera House of Denver. Bush had -retaliated with a counter-suit against Tabor, asking payment for all -sorts of flagrant services performed for the Silver King. The juicy -trial was the sensation of the week. - -Augusta had been called to testify for Bush. Her testimony had been very -titillating; and she had startled the court even further by crossing -over and sitting down beside Tabor while she tried to engage him in -conversation. - -“Mr. Tabor has changed a great deal,” she commented to the reporter. “He -used to detest women of that kind. He would never allow me to whitewash -my face however much I desired to do so. She wants his money and will -hang to him as long as he has got a nickel. She don’t want an old man.” - -The reporter ventured the suggestion that the fifty-two-year old Tabor -was not such an old man. - -“Oh, yes he is! He dyes his hair and moustache. I noticed him in the -court room the other day. He was afraid to draw his handkerchief across -his mouth for fear of staining it. I also noticed that the hair on his -temples, which is gray, was colored nicely to give him a rejuvenated -appearance.” - -Augusta and the reporter conversed for two solid columns of small, -tightly-packed print while she revealed a number of intimate matters. -The details of the secret, illegal, first divorce which Tabor had -procured from her in March, 1882, were set forth. Augusta claimed the -charges had been a lie from beginning to end and gave conclusive data in -refutation. - -“Mr. Tabor used to be a truthful man. He is changed now,” she remarked -indignantly. After a pause, she continued with: - -“I understand that she has her family quartered at his home. I mean all -in this country. I understand that a fresh invoice is coming over from -Ireland.” - -The reporter smiled at her sally and encouraged her to talk on. She -showed him three scrapbooks that she was making of clippings about -Tabor. (These scrapbooks are now in the Western History Collection of -the Denver Public Library, and contain this particular interview along -with many others.) Augusta explained that at first she had only saved -newspaper articles that spoke well of him. But now she was saving -everything, and the later clippings were all derogatory. - - [Illustration: SILVER DOLLARS ATOP TABOR BUILDINGS - - _The two buildings on the left at the corner of Harrison, looking down - Chestnut, were Tabor’s bank and store; in 1879’s booming Leadville._] - -“Is there really seventeen in that McCourt family? Well, there is one -thing that Mr. Tabor cannot say, and that is that any of my relatives -ever lived off him. Not one of them ever received a cent from him. That -woman will break him up.” - -Augusta liked to talk to newspaper people. She, herself, had contributed -to Eastern newspapers and been a member of the Colorado State Press -Association. In July, 1879, she attended a meeting of the Association at -Manitou in company with Flora Stevens, a correspondent for the Kansas -City _Times_. Miss Stevens later wrote Augusta up under the heading, “A -Rich Man’s Wife,” in which she said that Augusta kept an extensive -journal during the trip to Manitou. Unfortunately this particular -example of Augusta’s authorship has not been preserved. - -Augusta also liked to visit newspaper offices. In May, 1879, she brought -a visitor, “her dainty niece,” Suzie Marston, to see the various -departments of the _Rocky Mountain News_. This girl was from Augusta, -Maine, the family home-town, after which Augusta had been named. Augusta -took her niece on trips around Colorado and in 1889 chaperoned her on a -diversified tour of Europe while they traveled with the George Tritches -of Denver. - -The first Mrs. Tabor’s habit of calling on writers has preserved for us -a very fine autobiography. In September of 1883 Mrs. Alice Polk Hill of -Denver, who had lived in Colorado for a decade or so, decided to compile -a book by collecting reminiscences and informal bits of history. She -spent several months traveling about the state to obtain material. -Sometime prior to the publication of her book in 1884, she arrived in -Leadville and stayed at the Clarendon Hotel. Augusta, who was visiting -her sister, Mrs. Melvina L. Clarke, in Leadville at the time, came to -call. - -Mrs. Hill was delighted and later described Augusta as a “frail, -delicate-looking woman with pleasing manners.” - -More importantly, Mrs. Tabor No. 1 wrote out a detailed account of her -early marriage, much of which Mrs. Hill used in her first book, “Tales -of the Colorado Pioneers,” but which has survived intact in the _Denver -Republican_. - -Her romance with Tabor, a Vermont stone-cutter, began in Maine in -August, 1853, when Augusta L. Pierce was twenty years old and Horace -Austin Warner Tabor was twenty-two. He came to work for her father, a -contractor. After a couple of years’ employment he fell in love with the -boss’s daughter. A two-year engagement followed while Tabor homesteaded -a 160-acre farm in Riley County, Kansas. - -“On January 31, 1857, we were married in the room where we first met,” -Augusta recalled. - -Farming in Kansas proved bleak, arduous and lonely for the -twenty-four-year old bride, and unprofitable for her husband. When the -news of gold in Colorado broke, the Tabors joined the rush. On April 5, -1859, they set out in an ox-drawn covered wagon with two men friends and -their sixteen-month-old baby son, Maxcy, who was teething. They also -took along several cows to provide milk. The journey to Denver took them -until June 20. They camped there for two weeks because the cattle were -footsore, and then moved to a site near Golden. - -Here, the men decided to push on to Gregory Diggings, now Central City, -and they went afoot since there was no adequate road for a wagon. - -“Leaving me and my sick child in the 7 by 9 tent, that my hands had -made, the men took a supply of provisions on their backs, a few -blankets, and bidding me be good to myself, left on the morning of the -glorious Fourth. My babe was suffering from fever and I was weak and -worn. My weight was only ninety pounds. How sadly I felt, none but God, -in whom I then firmly trusted, knew. Twelve miles from a human soul save -my babe. The only sound I heard was the lowing of the cattle, and they, -poor things, seemed to feel the loneliness of the situation and kept -unusually quiet. Every morning and evening I had a ‘round-up’ all to -myself,” Augusta wrote. - -After three “long, weary weeks” the men returned. On the 26th of July -they again “loded” the wagon and started into the mountains. Traveling -by way of Russell Gulch, it took them three weeks to reach Payne’s Bar, -now Idaho Springs. She remarked: - -“Ours was the first wagon through and I was the first white woman there, -if white I could be called, after camping out three months.” - -The men cut logs, laid them up four feet and put the 7 by 9 tent on top -for a roof. Horace went prospecting and Augusta opened a business. She -baked bread and pies, gave meals and sold milk from their cows. - - [Illustration: AUGUSTA SAT WITH A PRESIDENT IN A BOX - - _The Tabor Opera House in Leadville was the home of legitimate drama - and provided many cultural evenings for early-day bonanza barons._] - -Horace found no gold, but Augusta was very successful. She made enough -money to buy their unpaid-for farm in Kansas and to keep them through -the winter in Denver. In February Horace returned to his prospect but -found his claim had been jumped. He decided to go prospecting farther -afield, on the Arkansas, and returned to Denver to make plans. - -They traveled by way of Ute Pass and were a month on the road before -they reached South Park. Now she waxed lyrical. - -“I shall never forget my first vision of the park. The sun was just -setting. I can only describe it by saying it was one of Colorado’s -sunsets. Those who have seen them know how glorious they are. Those who -have not cannot imagine how gorgeously beautiful they are. The park -looked like a cultivated field with rivulets coursing through, and herds -of antelope in the distance.” - -After two hazardous crossings of the ice-caked and tumultuous Arkansas, -and after several weeks of unsuccessful placering when they could not -separate heavy black particles from the gold, they arrived in California -Gulch. It was May 8, 1860. - -“The first thing after camping was to have the faithful old oxen -butchered that had brought us all the way from Kansas—yes, from the -Missouri River three years before. We divided the meat with the miners -in the gulch, for they were without provisions or ammunition.” - -Once again Augusta was the first woman in the camp, and once again the -men built her a primitive log cabin. This one had a sod roof, no window, -and a dirt floor. She promptly went into business and Horace went -prospecting. As the Tabors were the only people in the upper end of the -gulch who owned a gold-scales, Augusta added weighing dust to her duties -of taking boarders and doing laundry. In a few weeks ten thousand men -were crowded in the gulch, and a mail and express office was needed. -Augusta was appointed postmistress of Oro City. - - [Illustration: THE PASSAGE-WAY OVER ST. LOUIS AVENUE - - _The Tabor Opera House was connected with the Clarendon Hotel for the - ease of Tabor and Bush who had private suites in the former._] - -“I was very happy that summer,” she added. - -By September 20th Horace had accumulated $5,000 in gold dust from his -claim. He gave $1,000 worth of this dust to Augusta, and she prepared to -leave the mountains to spend the winter with her father and mother. - -“I put my wardrobe, what there was of it, in a carpet bag, and took -passage with a mule train that was going to the Missouri River. I was -five weeks in crossing and cooked for my board.” - -(Horace and Maxcy also went to Maine that winter but Augusta did not -mention this.) - -“With that $1,000, I purchased 160 acres of land in Kansas, adjoining -the tract we already owned. My folks dressed me up, and in the spring I -bought a pair of mules and a wagon in St. Joe to return with, which took -about all my money.” - -Horace spent the $4,000 that was left of the gold dust for flour in Iowa -on the way back. In the spring they opened a store in Augusta’s cabin. -While he mined the claim, Augusta waited on customers and raised her -son. She even transported gold to Denver on horseback for the express -office. In order to fool highway robbers, Tabor carried a small amount -of gold, while large amounts were hidden under her skirts enjoying the -protection of chivalry to ladies! That summer of 1861 the store was more -profitable than mining because the easy placer gold was nearly played -out. - - [Illustration: MARRIED - - _In 1878 Tabor and his first wife were respectable citizens and - suitably wed. He kept a general store in the booming mining town of - Leadville and she, the mayor’s wife, had boarders to increase the - family earnings and budget._] - - [Illustration: _In those days the Tabor residence stood on Harrison - Avenue; and can be seen toward the rear of this sketch, occupying the - space between the Clarendon Hotel and some new stores. Augusta’s - boarders would have looked exactly like these men. Although most of - her boarders in 1878 were Tabor’s clerks, they spent every hour of - their free time searching the hills for silver like everyone else. - This was a typical prospecting outfit._] - - [Illustration: DIVORCED - - _Tabor hardly looks like the sort of Lothario who would have been the - idol of two remarkable women. But such he was. Both wives were - courageous, articulate and full of initiative, besides adoring. The - first liked to work; the second to play. The first was downright; the - second, flattering. The first hated to show off; the second loved the - limelight. The first was economical and the second, extravagant. But - both were unusual women who made history. A detailed treatment of the - second Mrs. Tabor’s life will be found in the illustrated booklet, - “Silver Queen: The Fabulous Story of Baby Doe Tabor.” It is a - rags-to-riches and riches-to-rags tale, full of pathos._ - - _The photographs of Horace Tabor and Baby Doe, below, have never been - published before; also the photograph of Baby Doe on the next page. - The following sketch of Augusta, as a young woman with curls, was - printed with a write-up of the scandal in the national Police - Gazette._] - - [Illustration] - - [Illustration: BITTER FOES - - _The first Mrs. Tabor, or the second, would tell her coachman to pass - the other’s carriage if they saw each other out driving. Their enmity - never relented the least bit during Augusta’s life._] - -The camp fell off rapidly and by autumn was practically deserted. The -Tabors decided to try the other side of the Mosquito Range and the -booming camp of Buckskin Joe. Again they opened a store and again it was -selected as the post office. Horace had no better luck with mining in -South Park than in Oro and so resigned himself to their small business -venture. - -But he still dreamt of bonanzas and hopefully grubstaked penniless -prospectors. The agreement was that in return for supplies, which he -gave them, they would share any rich finds. Augusta viewed the practice -with disfavor. - -When the Printer Boy mine was expanded in 1868 in California Gulch, the -Tabors moved back to Oro City. This time they erected a four-room log -cabin about a mile above the present site of Leadville and settled down -to their usual routine of running a general store. For ten more years, -bringing the total to eighteen, Augusta kept at her labors and Horace -cherished his dreams. - -As the years passed, Augusta’s natural New England frankness grew more -tart. She found Horace’s easy-going ways irritating. His off-hand -generosities made no sense to a woman who knew the value of a -hard-earned dollar. Or, perhaps, some psychic intuition warned Augusta -that that very same trait would bring her eventual heart-break, and she -was trying subconsciously to ward off the blow. - -The blow came disguised as good fortune. In 1877 the news leaked out -that those heavy particles of black sand, which had been so difficult -for the placer miners to separate from gold, were really bits of -lead-silver carbonates. A second rush to California Gulch began. The -newcomers were silver-seekers and chose the lower part of the gulch in -which to settle. The Tabors decided to move their Oro City store a mile -farther down, and selected a site on the south side of Chestnut Street, -a door below the Harrison Avenue corner. They built a story-and-a-half -log and frame building with sleeping quarters upstairs, and dining and -kitchen arrangements to the rear. - - [Illustration: AUGUSTA’S HOUSE - - _This little clapboard dwelling originally stood on Harrison Avenue, - Leadville, where the Opera House is now. It was moved to its present - place on Fifth Street in 1879. In 1955 it was opened as a small - shop-museum. It now stands alone on the block, but for many years it - was huddled against a clapboard false-front assay office on one side - and small residences on the other._] - -Business boomed. Tabor had to hire two clerks to take care of the post -office alone. Soon he was forced to open a banking department since he -owned an ordinary iron safe which sat outside the counter. Everyone -wanted to deposit their cash in his safe. The cashier divided his time -between the dry goods and grocery divisions, and the receipt of deposits -and writing of exchange. Tabor hired still more clerks and expanded -jovially in the balmy atmosphere of his new importance. - -In January, 1878, the settlement comprised some seventy tents, shanties -and log cabins. The inhabitants decided to call a meeting, effect an -organization and choose a name. “Leadville” was selected, although a few -people thought “Cloud City” was more poetic. A short while afterward -they voted Tabor to the mayorship, and officially confirmed his -year-long office with a city election in April. Tabor was now worth -between $25,000 and $30,000. - -As sleeping and eating facilities were at a premium, the Tabors decided -to build a residence for themselves, where Augusta could serve meals, -and to allow the clerks to sleep above the store. They chose a site at -310 Harrison Avenue, way off from the settlement, and began to build in -the spring. Meanwhile Tabor was handing out grubstakes and still -dreaming. - -Then the momentous day of his Castles-in-Spain arrived. On Sunday, April -21, 1878, two German prospectors, August Rische and George Theodore -Hook, asked him for a stake while Tabor was sorting mail. Postmaster -Tabor told them to pick out what they needed, and the men chose about -$17 worth of supplies, mostly groceries. They drew up an agreement that -Tabor was entitled to a third of what they found. - -A few days later they came back and asked for a second hand-out. They -had staked a claim and they needed shovels, a hand-switch, drills and -blasting powder to sink a shaft. This brought the total outlay to some -$60. - - [Illustration: FAST FRIENDS - - _Although Bush quarreled violently with both Maxcy’s father and - mother, no friction ever marred their affection. They were business - partners and friends for twenty years despite sixteen years’ - difference in their age and outlook._] - -Early in May, Augusta was coming downstairs one morning when August -Rische burst into the store. As she told the story to Flora Stevens, his -hands were full of specimens. He rushed toward her and shouted: - -“We’ve struck it! We’ve struck it!” - -Augusta said she was rather frigid to him. - -“Rische, when you bring me money instead of rocks, then I’ll believe -you.” - -But it was true. Their mine, the Little Pittsburgh, netted Tabor -$500,000 in the following fifteen months. He bought the Chrysolite which -proved to be another bonanza. Augusta continued to keep boarders during -the summer and Tabor, to supervise the store’s activities. But then -Tabor began to splurge, and in the autumn they sold out. The fall -election had made Tabor lieutenant-governor of Colorado, so they planned -to move to Denver. - -In January, 1879, Tabor rented, and the next month purchased, the Henry -C. Brown house at 17th and Broadway, paying $40,000. According to -Augusta, when her husband took her to see it, she was very mindful of -the quick rises and equally rapid descents of Colorado fortunes. Augusta -took one look at her husband’s idea of a new home and said: - -“I will never go up these steps, Tabor, if you think I will ever have to -go down them.” - -Thirty-five curious callers appeared the first day she was at home. She -remarked sarcastically: - -“I would scarcely know how to return the call of the woman next door who -arrived in a carriage.” - -Tabor provided the means for returning the call. It was a $2,000 -carriage, an exact replica of the one driven by the White House coachman -around Washington. - -“La,” she told Flora Stevens, “If we had only had the money that is in -that carriage when we began life.” - -Delegations from the various churches also came to call, each seeking -the Tabors’ membership. Augusta remarked: - - [Illustration: TABOR PROPERTY DOMINATED DENVER IN 1881 - - _The Tabor Grand rose like a cathedral beyond the spired church. At - far right is Augusta’s house. The light building behind the present - Navarre Restaurant is the Windsor Hotel. The tall business building in - the middle was the Tabor block. The Brown was a triangular cow - pasture. In front of it was Augusta’s coach house that faced - Seventeenth Avenue._] - -“I suppose Mr. Tabor’s and my souls are of more value than they were a -year ago.” - -Poor Augusta! Time was running out. Tabor’s answer to her tartness was -to spend his evenings in the variety halls and bordellos. As his -interests and investments widened, he took the most seductive inmates -traveling with him. The newspapers reported that Tabor had given -clothes, jewelry, furs and furbelows to three or four women (one paper -said five) so that they could appear as “Mrs. Tabor.” One that he -singled out was Alice Morgan, an Indian club swinger at the Grand -Central variety hall in Leadville. Next he was charmed by Willie Deville -in Lizzie Allen’s parlor house in Chicago, and he brought Willie west -with him. Augusta discovered the affair and the miscreants promised to -part. - -But this was a ruse. Tabor kept on seeing her secretly and took Willie -on a trip to New York. There, she was so indiscreet about their -relations that a woman in the hotel tried to blackmail the Silver King. -Tabor told Willie she talked too much and made her a gift of $5,000 to -soften the blow of saying “good-bye.” (Augusta preserved an interview, -with many more details than these, that Willie gave to a St. Louis -reporter a couple of years after the affair. Apparently, Willie was -still talking too much.) - -In September, 1879, Tabor sold out his interest in the Little Pittsburgh -for a cool million dollars. He bought the Matchless for $117,000 (which -later proved the greatest bonanza of all) and over 800 shares of stock -of the First National Bank in Denver. Then he and Augusta went East for -six weeks while he made further investments, notably land in South -Chicago. - - [Illustration: TWENTY ROOMS - - _Henry C. Brown, the builder of the Brown Palace Hotel and donor of - the State Capitol ground, sold this house to Horace Tabor in 1879. - Augusta’s first act, when she obtained it as part of her divorce - settlement, was to have the grounds landscaped. Each summer thereafter - she entertained at a lawn party to aid charities of the Unity Church._] - -On November 5 the Tabors returned to Denver and Horace left for -Leadville to see to the completion and opening of the Tabor Opera House. -Augusta remained in Denver. Tabor did not return even for Christmas. His -bachelor suite on the second floor of the Opera House (with its handy -passageway across to Bill Bush’s Clarendon Hotel) proved too delightful -for a man whose eyes wandered. - -Augusta and he began to quarrel more violently. During 1880 they -appeared together at balls of the Tabor Hose Co. in Denver and of the -Tabor Light Cavalry in Leadville, and when Tabor entertained -ex-President and Mrs. Grant in the “Cloud City.” The two couples sat -together in the left-hand box for the second act of “Ours,” and then -left to attend a ball in the general’s honor. This was July 23, 1880, a -momentous date for forty-seven-year old Augusta—not because she had met -a president, but because just about that time Horace ceased to be her -husband. - -In the autumn, back in Denver, Horace gave her $100,000, following his -usual practice of making a parting gift. In January, 1881, Tabor left -the Broadway mansion irrevocably and established residence in a suite at -the Windsor Hotel of which he was part-owner. - -What had happened was that, some time during the spring or summer on one -of his frequent trips to Leadville, Tabor had met “Baby” Doe. She was -twenty-five and he was forty-nine. They were introduced by Bill Bush who -had known the Dresden-doll beauty as Mrs. Harvey Doe during her -two-and-a-half year residence in Central City. Bill Bush had been -proprietor of the Teller House and had also known her husband and -in-laws. She had obtained a divorce from Harvey Doe in March, 1880, for -adultery and non-support, and shortly after arrived in Leadville. - -Baby Doe said that it was “love at first sight” on her part. With Tabor, -the feeling grew on him. She became his mistress almost immediately, but -it was not until January, 1881, that he began to think of divorce and -re-marriage. Augusta put her foot down. She refused successive overtures -of a handsome settlement in return for a divorce. - -Augusta knew what was going on. In December, 1880, she bought a third -interest in the Windsor Hotel from Charles L. Hall of Leadville. The -other third was owned by Bill Bush, who also managed the hotel, assisted -by her son, Maxcy. In the next months Augusta used her ownership to -check up regularly on activities at the hotel. When Tabor brought Baby -Doe down from Leadville and installed her at the Windsor, the two women -must have passed in the lobby frequently. - - [Illustration: AUGUSTA’S CORNER WITH TREES—THEN AND NOW - - _When Augusta disposed of her last remaining lot at Seventeenth and - Broadway, her trees were sold and transplanted to Wolhurst, - Littleton._] - -Augusta realized a fine monthly profit from her Windsor investment, and -in April, 1881, she treated herself to a trip abroad for several months. -Both Tabor and Bush wanted to buy out her share. Tabor did not like her -making “such a damned nuisance of herself” going in and out of the -rooms, and Bush wanted to obtain a controlling interest in the hotel. -Augusta kept on saying, “No.” No divorce and no hotel sale. - -When Augusta returned from Europe, she found her husband had risen to -new heights. He was being considered for a senatorship and he had -finished building the Tabor Grand Opera House in Denver. The citizens -were tendering a ceremony and watch fob to him on the opening night. - -Augusta wrote him a letter apologizing for what she “had said in the -heat of passion.” She also asked to be allowed to come to the opening -night of the Tabor Grand and to go with him to Washington as a senator’s -wife. This letter turned up among Baby Doe’s papers at her death. No one -knows how, or if, it was answered. But the Tabor box was empty on -September 5, 1881, the gala occasion Augusta wanted to attend. - -In April, 1882, Augusta instituted a suit for payment of $50,000 a year -alimony despite the fact that she was not divorced. She listed Tabor’s -holdings and their specific worth, an impressive tabulation, which -brought the total to $9,410,000. The suit caused a lot of scandal, -damaged Tabor politically, but accomplished nothing for Augusta since it -was thrown out of court as illegal. - -Augusta gave in on the hotel-sale petition first. She sold her interest -in the Windsor to Bush for close to $40,000 in May, 1882. Finally, on -January 2, 1883, she gave Tabor a divorce in exchange for property worth -about $300,000. She caused a sensation at the divorce trial by -reiterating: - -“Not willingly, Oh God, not willingly!” - -It was this public statement of hers to the judge which made her feel -that the divorce was not valid. - -Amos Steck, Augusta’s lawyer, summed up the whole five years of public -quarreling and scandal when he talked about her to a reporter: - -“Oh, she knows all about his practises with lewd women. I never saw such -a woman. She is crazy about Tabor. She loves him and that settles it.” - -For years Augusta hoped that Baby Doe would tire of Horace and, -crestfallen, he would come back to his first wife. She thought that when -the money was gone, the young hussy would flit. She told reporters she -was building up her own fortune and hanging on to her large house in -order that she might take care of Tabor in his old age. - -But Augusta was wrong. She had underestimated her rival. When the Silver -Panic of 1893 reduced the former millionaire to poverty, his pretty -blonde wife stuck like glue. - -Belatedly Augusta realized the true character of Baby Doe. In 1892 the -first Mrs. Tabor sold her house on Broadway and moved across the street -to the newly-opened Brown Palace Hotel. Although Maxcy and Bill Bush -were the managers and lived there also, Augusta did not enjoy hotel -life. Her health was starting to fail and she went to California for the -winter, seeking a milder climate. There in Pasadena, on February 1, -1895, at the age of sixty-two she died, her social position still -secure, if not showy, and her fortune built to a million and a half -dollars. - -She said in her own words when Tabor was at his richest: - -“I feel that in those early years of self-sacrifice, hard labor, and -economy, I laid the foundation for Mr. Tabor’s immense wealth. Had I not -stayed with him and worked by his side, he would have been discouraged, -returned to the stone-cutting trade and so lost his big opportunity.” - -All Colorado agreed with her at the time—and then the mills of the Gods -ground slowly and exceedingly fine. Tabor’s immense wealth evaporated. - -But its going did not bring Horace back to her; he clung to Baby Doe -until the end, four years after Augusta’s death. Never once was there -the slightest rumor of any infidelity of his to her after 1881 and none -of Baby Doe to him after their first meeting. It must have been galling -to Augusta. - -Maxcy Tabor inherited the money his mother had husbanded with such -business acumen. He brought her body back from California and she was -buried in Riverside cemetery. With the passage of the years Maxcy was -laid to rest in Fairmount beside his wife; and Horace Tabor, in Mt. -Olivet beside Baby Doe. Augusta lies alone in an old-fashioned cemetery, -as alone as she lived her last fifteen years, terribly alone. - -For many years of her middle life Augusta was called “Leadville’s First -Lady.” The nickname was spoken in affection and in admiration, and she -was interviewed for the Leadville papers under that heading. Yes, she -was a first lady in many ways, courageous and industrious and civic. The -tragedy of her life lay in the fact that, although she was beloved of -many, she lost the key to the only heart she wanted. - - - - - _Acknowledgments_ - - - (Reprinted from earlier editions for the fifth in 1968) - - For Research Aid: - First, as always, to the patient staff of the Western History - Department of the Denver Public Library—Ina T. Aulls, Alys - Freeze, Opal Harber and Katherine Hawkins—who find the answers - to many puzzlers. Secondly, Agnes Wright Spring, Colorado - historian, always generous; and helpful others at the State - Museum—Dolores Renze, Frances Shea, Dorothy Stewart and - Kenneth Watson. Next, Lorena Jones and Allen Young of _The - Denver Post_ library, unfailingly obliging. My gratitude to - all. - For Photographs and Sketches: - The Western History Department of the Denver Public Library has - supplied the great majority of the illustrations used. The - Colorado Historical Society contributed two photographs; the - Oshkosh Public Museum, one; Mrs. Belle Taylor, two; the Mile - High Center, one; and one gift of Fred Mazzulla was graciously - rehabilitated by Phil Slattery and Bill Brown of _The Denver - Post_. - For Proofreading: - Mrs. J. Alvin Fitzell continues to donate her time and aptitude for - catching typographical errors in each successive booklet. - - - - - _By the Same Author_ - - - Gulch of Gold: Her affection for and pride in Gregory Gulch shows in - every line of this book.... The old photographs and maps are - entrancing.... - Marshall Sprague in the _New York Times_. - - Colorful Colorado: Its Dramatic History: “... a remarkable feat of - condensation ... ought to be a copy in your car’s glove locker.” - Robert Perkin in the _Rocky Mountain News_. - - Unique Ghost Towns: “This new Bancroft Booklet is the best yet.” - Stanton Peckham in _The Denver Post_. - - The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown: “Caroline Bancroft’s booklets are brighter, - better-illustrated and cheaper than formal histories of Colorado.... - The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown was a delightful person, and I wish I had - known her.” - John J. Lipsey in the _Colorado Springs Free Press_. - - The Brown Palace in Denver: “Miss Bancroft has a sure touch and this - new title adds another wide-selling item to her list.” - Don Bloch in _Roundup_. - - Denver’s Lively Past: “With zest and frankness the author emphasizes - the dramatic, lusty, bizarre and spicy happenings.” - Agnes Wright Spring in _The Denver Post_. - - Historic Central City: “We could do with more such stories of - Colorado’s fabled past.” - Marian Castle in _The Denver Post_. - - Famous Aspen: “It’s all here.... Aspenites should be grateful.” - Luke Short in _The Aspen Times_. - - Silver Queen: The Fabulous Story of Baby Doe Tabor: “Attractive, - sprightly, well-printed book ... which is more informative and - genuinely human than preceding works giving the Tabor story.” - Fred A. Rosenstock in _The Brand Book_. - - Tabor’s Matchless Mine and Lusty Leadville: “Seventh in her series of - Bancroft Booklets retelling segments of Colorado’s history. They are - popularly written, color-packed little pamphlets, and it’s a pleasure - to commend them to native and tourist alike.” - Robert Perkin in the _Rocky Mountain News_. - - Six Racy Madams of Colorado: “This delightful booklet is written both - with good humor and good taste.” - _Rocky Mountain News._ - - Colorado’s Lost Gold Mines and Buried Treasure: “The casual reader ... - will find his own treasure buried in this little booklet.” - Claude Powe in _The Central City Tommy-Knawker_. - - - (_See back cover for prices_) - - - GULCH OF GOLD - -A fictionized history, reading like a novel but of the soundest -research, picturing the stories of colorful characters who started the -state, with over 100 photos and maps. Hard cover book. $6.25 - - - COLORFUL COLORADO: ITS DRAMATIC HISTORY - -The whole magnificent sweep of the state’s history in a sprightly -condensation, with 111 photos (31 in color). Paper, $2.00. - - - UNIQUE GHOST TOWNS AND MOUNTAIN SPOTS - -Forty-two of Colorado’s romance-packed high-country towns have their -stories, told with old and new photos, history and maps. $2.00. - - - THE UNSINKABLE MRS. BROWN - -The rollicking story of an ignorant Leadville waitress who reached the -top of Newport society as a _Titanic_ heroine. Illustrated. $1.25. - - - SILVER QUEEN: THE FABULOUS STORY OF BABY DOE TABOR - -Her love affair caused a sensational triangle and a national scandal in -the ’Eighties. Illustrated. $1.50. - - - TABOR’S MATCHLESS MINE AND LUSTY LEADVILLE - -Colorado’s most publicized mine was just one facet of the extraordinary -history of the lusty camp where it operated. Illustrated. 75c. - - - FAMOUS ASPEN - -Today the silver-studded slopes of an early day bonanza town have turned -into a scenic summer and ski resort. Illustrated. $1.50. - - - HISTORIC CENTRAL CITY - -Colorado’s first big gold camp lived to become a Summer Opera and Play -Festival town. Illustrated. 85c. - - - DENVER’S LIVELY PAST - -A wild frontier town, built on a jumped claim and promoting a red-light -district, became a popular tourist spot. Illustrated. $1.00. - - - THE BROWN PALACE IN DENVER - -No hotel had more turn-of-the-century glamor, nor has seen such plush -love-affairs, murders and bizarre doings. Illustrated. 75c. - - - COLORADO’S LOST GOLD MINES AND BURIED TREASURE - -Thirty fabulous tales, which will inspire the reader to go searching -with a spade, enliven the state’s past. Illustrated. $1.25. - - - SIX RACY MADAMS OF COLORADO - -Biographies of six “ladies of pleasure” (whose parlor houses were -scarlet ornaments to the state) make amusing reading. Illust. $1.50. - - - (_Add 20 cents for mailing one copy; 30 cents for more than one_) - - Available Summer, 1968: - Two Burros of Fairplay, Morsels of History for Young and Old $1.00 - Trail Ridge Country, Romance of Estes Park and Grand Lake $2.00 - - - JOHNSON PUBLISHING COMPANY - 839 Pearl, Boulder, Colorado 80302 - - - - - _Transcriber’s Notes_ - - ---Copyright notice provided as in the original—this e-text is public - domain in the country of publication. - ---Silently corrected palpable typos; left non-standard spellings and - dialect unchanged. - ---In the text versions, delimited italicized text by _underscores_. - - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Augusta Tabor, by Caroline Bancroft - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUGUSTA TABOR *** - -***** This file should be named 50934-0.txt or 50934-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/0/9/3/50934/ - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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} -sup, a.fn { font-size:75%; vertical-align:100%; line-height:50%; font-weight:normal; } -h2 a.fn { font-size:50%; vertical-align:120%; font-weight:normal; } -h3 a.fn { font-size:50%; font-weight:normal; } -dl.biblio dt { margin-left:4em; text-indent:-4em; text-align:justify; } - -dl.toc dt { margin-left:1em; text-indent:-1em; } -dl.toc dd { margin-left:3em; text-indent:-1em; } -dl.toc dd.ddt { margin-left:5em; text-indent:-1em; } - -dl.dlblock dt { margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:.5em; text-align:justify; } -dl.dlblock dd { margin-top:.5em; margin-bottom:.5em; text-align:justify; margin-left:0em; } - -dl.undent dt { margin-top:0em; margin-bottom:0em; } - -.ab, .abl { -font-weight:bold; text-decoration:none; -border-style:solid; border-color:gray; border-width:1px; -margin-right:0px; margin-top:5px; -display:inline-block; text-align:center; } -.ab { width:1em; } -</style> -</head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Augusta Tabor, by Caroline Bancroft - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Augusta Tabor - Her Side of the Scandal - -Author: Caroline Bancroft - -Release Date: January 15, 2016 [EBook #50934] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUGUSTA TABOR *** - - - - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -</pre> - -<div id="cover" class="img"> -<img id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Augusta Tabor: Her Side of the Scandal" width="500" height="770" /> -</div> -<div class="box"> -<h1>AUGUSTA -<br />TABOR -<br /><span class="smaller"><i>HER SIDE OF THE SCANDAL</i></span></h1> -<p class="tbcenter">By Caroline Bancroft<span class="hst"> Price 75c</span></p> -<p class="center small">Copyright 1955 by Caroline Bancroft. Fifth edition, 1968</p> -<p class="center smaller"><i>All rights in this book are reserved. It may not be used for dramatic, radio, television, motion or talking picture purposes without written authorization.</i></p> -<p class="center small">Johnson Publishing Co., Boulder, Colorado</p> -</div> -<div class="img" id="fig1"> -<img src="images/p02.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="498" /> -</div> -<h2 id="c1">The Author</h2> -<p>Caroline Bancroft is a third generation Coloradan who began writing her first -history for The Denver Post in 1928.</p> -<p>Her long-standing interest in western history was inherited. Her pioneer -grandfather, Dr. F. J. Bancroft, was a founder of the Colorado Historical Society -and its first president.</p> -<p>His granddaughter has carried on the family tradition. She is the author of -the interesting series of Bancroft Booklets, <i>Silver Queen: The Fabulous -Story of Baby Doe Tabor</i>, <i>Famous Aspen</i>, <i>Denver’s Lively Past</i>, <i>Historic -Central City</i>, <i>The Brown Palace in Denver</i>, <i>Tabor’s Matchless Mine and -Lusty Leadville</i>, <i>Glenwood’s Early Glamor</i>, <i>Augusta Tabor: Her Side of -the Scandal</i>, <i>The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown</i>, <i>Unique Ghost Towns</i>, <i>Colorado’s -Lost Gold Mines and Buried Treasure</i>, and the basic, over-all history, -<i>Colorful Colorado</i>.</p> -<p>A Bachelor of Arts from Smith College, she later obtained a Master -of Arts degree from the University of Denver, writing her thesis on Central -City, Colorado. Her full-sized <i>Gulch of Gold</i> is the attractive, definitive -history of that well-known area.</p> -<p>She is shown standing beside the headgate at Lake Caroline on Mt. -Bancroft, a Continental Divide peak named for her grandfather. The photo -was taken by Charles Eaton in the summer of 1956.</p> -<p><span class="lr"><b>STEPHEN L. R. McNICHOLS</b></span> -<span class="lr"><b>Governor of Colorado</b></span> -<span class="lr"><b>1957-63</b></span></p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_1">1</div> -<div class="img" id="fig2"> -<img src="images/p03.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="499" /> -</div> -<h1 title="">Augusta Tabor: -<br /><i>Her Side of the Scandal</i></h1> -<p>“She is a blonde, I understand, and paints. But I have never seen her.”</p> -<p>Augusta Tabor made this remark about Baby Doe in the course of a -long interview that she gave to a reporter for the <i>Denver Republican</i>. The -account appeared on October 31, 1883, and carried several heads. One of -these read, “Mrs. Tabor No. 1 makes some spicy revelations.”</p> -<p>Augusta received her caller in the elegantly furnished sitting-room of -her twenty-room mansion. The house stood at the corner of Seventeenth -Avenue and Lincoln Street but faced Broadway. Its address was 97 Broadway, -and was entered along a spruce-lined circular driveway. The house -and its surrounding block of land had been part of her divorce settlement -from the millionaire Silver King, Horace A. W. Tabor.</p> -<p>That divorce in the January preceding had been a national scandal, -only to be topped by the even greater scandal of her former husband’s remarriage. -The wedding was performed on March 1 in Washington where -Tabor had gone to serve a thirty-day term as senator. It was attended by a -number of political big-wigs, including President Chester Arthur; but they -came without their wives. The women drew a sharp line against recognizing -“that blonde,” the former Mrs. Elizabeth McCourt Doe.</p> -<p>The best people continued to draw that line. When the Tabors returned -to Denver after their honeymoon, no one called on the second Mrs. Tabor. -But shortly afterward Augusta came home from California where she had -taken her broken heart. Two hundred and fifty people organized a surprise -reception for her at her palatial residence.</p> -<p>But in the following months Augusta brooded.</p> -<p>“I do not consider myself divorced from Mr. Tabor,” she told the reporter. -“The whole proceedings were irregular. If it were not for my son, -<span class="pb" id="Page_2">2</span> -Maxcy, I would commence suit tomorrow to have the divorce annulled. I -repeat, it was illegal.”</p> -<p>“Do you think Mr. Tabor would live with you if you were to have the -divorce set aside?” the reporter asked.</p> -<p>“No, I couldn’t hope for that. But it would be a great deal of satisfaction -to know that that woman was no more to him than she was before he -gave her his name and mine.”</p> -<p>Augusta glanced over to the center table where she had laid down her -sewing, a piece of silk patchwork. The reporter thought she looked lonely -and sad-faced. Then she sighed.</p> -<p>“Well, there has been scandal enough, God knows. It would make a -big volume if put in book form. It has aged me.”</p> -<p>A new chapter of the scandal was being enacted that week. Horace -Tabor was suing his old friend and business manager, William H. Bush, for -$25,000 because of sundry debts, including a $2,000 embezzlement as former -manager of the Tabor Grand Opera House of Denver. Bush had retaliated -with a counter-suit against Tabor, asking payment for all sorts of -flagrant services performed for the Silver King. The juicy trial was the -sensation of the week.</p> -<p>Augusta had been called to testify for Bush. Her testimony had been -very titillating; and she had startled the court even further by crossing over -and sitting down beside Tabor while she tried to engage him in conversation.</p> -<p>“Mr. Tabor has changed a great deal,” she commented to the reporter. -“He used to detest women of that kind. He would never allow me to whitewash -my face however much I desired to do so. She wants his money and -will hang to him as long as he has got a nickel. She don’t want an old man.”</p> -<p>The reporter ventured the suggestion that the fifty-two-year old Tabor -was not such an old man.</p> -<p>“Oh, yes he is! He dyes his hair and moustache. I noticed him in the -court room the other day. He was afraid to draw his handkerchief across his -mouth for fear of staining it. I also noticed that the hair on his temples, -which is gray, was colored nicely to give him a rejuvenated appearance.”</p> -<p>Augusta and the reporter conversed for two solid columns of small, -tightly-packed print while she revealed a number of intimate matters. The -details of the secret, illegal, first divorce which Tabor had procured from -her in March, 1882, were set forth. Augusta claimed the charges had been -a lie from beginning to end and gave conclusive data in refutation.</p> -<p>“Mr. Tabor used to be a truthful man. He is changed now,” she remarked -indignantly. After a pause, she continued with:</p> -<p>“I understand that she has her family quartered at his home. I mean -all in this country. I understand that a fresh invoice is coming over from -Ireland.”</p> -<p>The reporter smiled at her sally and encouraged her to talk on. She -showed him three scrapbooks that she was making of clippings about -Tabor. (These scrapbooks are now in the Western History Collection of the -Denver Public Library, and contain this particular interview along with -many others.) Augusta explained that at first she had only saved newspaper -<span class="pb" id="Page_3">3</span> -articles that spoke well of him. But now she was saving everything, and the -later clippings were all derogatory.</p> -<div class="img" id="fig3"> -<img src="images/p04.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="511" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">SILVER DOLLARS ATOP TABOR BUILDINGS</p> -<p class="capbody">The two buildings on the left at the corner of Harrison, looking down -Chestnut, were Tabor’s bank and store; in 1879’s booming Leadville.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>“Is there really seventeen in that McCourt family? Well, there is one -thing that Mr. Tabor cannot say, and that is that any of my relatives ever -lived off him. Not one of them ever received a cent from him. That woman -will break him up.”</p> -<p>Augusta liked to talk to newspaper people. She, herself, had contributed -to Eastern newspapers and been a member of the Colorado State Press -Association. In July, 1879, she attended a meeting of the Association at -Manitou in company with Flora Stevens, a correspondent for the Kansas -City <i>Times</i>. Miss Stevens later wrote Augusta up under the heading, “A -Rich Man’s Wife,” in which she said that Augusta kept an extensive journal -during the trip to Manitou. Unfortunately this particular example of -Augusta’s authorship has not been preserved.</p> -<p>Augusta also liked to visit newspaper offices. In May, 1879, she -brought a visitor, “her dainty niece,” Suzie Marston, to see the various departments -of the <i>Rocky Mountain News</i>. This girl was from Augusta, -Maine, the family home-town, after which Augusta had been named. -Augusta took her niece on trips around Colorado and in 1889 chaperoned -her on a diversified tour of Europe while they traveled with the George -Tritches of Denver.</p> -<p>The first Mrs. Tabor’s habit of calling on writers has preserved for us -a very fine autobiography. In September of 1883 Mrs. Alice Polk Hill of -Denver, who had lived in Colorado for a decade or so, decided to compile -a book by collecting reminiscences and informal bits of history. She spent -<span class="pb" id="Page_4">4</span> -several months traveling about the state to obtain material. Sometime prior -to the publication of her book in 1884, she arrived in Leadville and stayed -at the Clarendon Hotel. Augusta, who was visiting her sister, Mrs. Melvina -L. Clarke, in Leadville at the time, came to call.</p> -<p>Mrs. Hill was delighted and later described Augusta as a “frail, delicate-looking -woman with pleasing manners.”</p> -<p>More importantly, Mrs. Tabor No. 1 wrote out a detailed account of -her early marriage, much of which Mrs. Hill used in her first book, “Tales -of the Colorado Pioneers,” but which has survived intact in the <i>Denver -Republican</i>.</p> -<p>Her romance with Tabor, a Vermont stone-cutter, began in Maine in -August, 1853, when Augusta L. Pierce was twenty years old and Horace -Austin Warner Tabor was twenty-two. He came to work for her father, a -contractor. After a couple of years’ employment he fell in love with the -boss’s daughter. A two-year engagement followed while Tabor homesteaded -a 160-acre farm in Riley County, Kansas.</p> -<p>“On January 31, 1857, we were married in the room where we first -met,” Augusta recalled.</p> -<p>Farming in Kansas proved bleak, arduous and lonely for the twenty-four-year -old bride, and unprofitable for her husband. When the news of -gold in Colorado broke, the Tabors joined the rush. On April 5, 1859, they -set out in an ox-drawn covered wagon with two men friends and their sixteen-month-old -baby son, Maxcy, who was teething. They also took along -several cows to provide milk. The journey to Denver took them until June -20. They camped there for two weeks because the cattle were footsore, and -then moved to a site near Golden.</p> -<p>Here, the men decided to push on to Gregory Diggings, now Central -City, and they went afoot since there was no adequate road for a wagon.</p> -<p>“Leaving me and my sick child in the 7 by 9 tent, that my hands had -made, the men took a supply of provisions on their backs, a few blankets, -and bidding me be good to myself, left on the morning of the glorious -Fourth. My babe was suffering from fever and I was weak and worn. My -weight was only ninety pounds. How sadly I felt, none but God, in whom I -then firmly trusted, knew. Twelve miles from a human soul save my babe. -The only sound I heard was the lowing of the cattle, and they, poor things, -seemed to feel the loneliness of the situation and kept unusually quiet. Every -morning and evening I had a ‘round-up’ all to myself,” Augusta wrote.</p> -<p>After three “long, weary weeks” the men returned. On the 26th of -July they again “loded” the wagon and started into the mountains. Traveling -by way of Russell Gulch, it took them three weeks to reach Payne’s Bar, -now Idaho Springs. She remarked:</p> -<p>“Ours was the first wagon through and I was the first white woman -there, if white I could be called, after camping out three months.”</p> -<p>The men cut logs, laid them up four feet and put the 7 by 9 tent on -top for a roof. Horace went prospecting and Augusta opened a business. -She baked bread and pies, gave meals and sold milk from their cows.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_5">5</div> -<div class="img" id="fig4"> -<img src="images/p05.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="492" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">AUGUSTA SAT WITH A PRESIDENT IN A BOX</p> -<p class="capbody">The Tabor Opera House in Leadville was the home of legitimate drama -and provided many cultural evenings for early-day bonanza barons.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>Horace found no gold, but Augusta was very successful. She made -enough money to buy their unpaid-for farm in Kansas and to keep them -through the winter in Denver. In February Horace returned to his prospect -but found his claim had been jumped. He decided to go prospecting farther -afield, on the Arkansas, and returned to Denver to make plans.</p> -<p>They traveled by way of Ute Pass and were a month on the road before -they reached South Park. Now she waxed lyrical.</p> -<p>“I shall never forget my first vision of the park. The sun was just setting. -I can only describe it by saying it was one of Colorado’s sunsets. -Those who have seen them know how glorious they are. Those who have -not cannot imagine how gorgeously beautiful they are. The park looked -like a cultivated field with rivulets coursing through, and herds of antelope -in the distance.”</p> -<p>After two hazardous crossings of the ice-caked and tumultuous Arkansas, -and after several weeks of unsuccessful placering when they could not -separate heavy black particles from the gold, they arrived in California -Gulch. It was May 8, 1860.</p> -<p>“The first thing after camping was to have the faithful old oxen -butchered that had brought us all the way from Kansas—yes, from the -Missouri River three years before. We divided the meat with the miners in -the gulch, for they were without provisions or ammunition.”</p> -<p>Once again Augusta was the first woman in the camp, and once again -the men built her a primitive log cabin. This one had a sod roof, no window, -and a dirt floor. She promptly went into business and Horace went -<span class="pb" id="Page_6">6</span> -prospecting. As the Tabors were the only people in the upper end of the -gulch who owned a gold-scales, Augusta added weighing dust to her duties -of taking boarders and doing laundry. In a few weeks ten thousand men -were crowded in the gulch, and a mail and express office was needed. -Augusta was appointed postmistress of Oro City.</p> -<div class="img" id="fig5"> -<img src="images/p05a.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="491" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">THE PASSAGE-WAY OVER ST. LOUIS AVENUE</p> -<p class="capbody">The Tabor Opera House was connected with the Clarendon Hotel for -the ease of Tabor and Bush who had private suites in the former.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>“I was very happy that summer,” she added.</p> -<p>By September 20th Horace had accumulated $5,000 in gold dust from -his claim. He gave $1,000 worth of this dust to Augusta, and she prepared -to leave the mountains to spend the winter with her father and mother.</p> -<p>“I put my wardrobe, what there was of it, in a carpet bag, and took -passage with a mule train that was going to the Missouri River. I was five -weeks in crossing and cooked for my board.”</p> -<p>(Horace and Maxcy also went to Maine that winter but Augusta did -not mention this.)</p> -<p>“With that $1,000, I purchased 160 acres of land in Kansas, adjoining -the tract we already owned. My folks dressed me up, and in the spring I -bought a pair of mules and a wagon in St. Joe to return with, which took -about all my money.”</p> -<p>Horace spent the $4,000 that was left of the gold dust for flour in Iowa -on the way back. In the spring they opened a store in Augusta’s cabin. -While he mined the claim, Augusta waited on customers and raised her son. -She even transported gold to Denver on horseback for the express office. In -order to fool highway robbers, Tabor carried a small amount of gold, while -large amounts were hidden under her skirts enjoying the protection of -chivalry to ladies! That summer of 1861 the store was more profitable than -mining because the easy placer gold was nearly played out.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_7">7</div> -<div class="img" id="fig6"> -<img src="images/p06.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="571" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">MARRIED</p> -<p class="capbody">In 1878 Tabor and his first wife were respectable citizens and suitably wed. He -kept a general store in the booming mining town of Leadville and she, the mayor’s -wife, had boarders to increase the family earnings and budget.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="img" id="fig7"> -<img src="images/p06a.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="688" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="capbody">In those days the Tabor residence stood on Harrison Avenue; and can -be seen toward the rear of this sketch, occupying the space between the -Clarendon Hotel and some new stores. Augusta’s boarders would have -looked exactly like these men. Although most of her boarders in 1878 -were Tabor’s clerks, they spent every hour of their free time searching -the hills for silver like everyone else. This was a typical prospecting outfit.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_8">8</div> -<div class="img" id="fig8"> -<img src="images/p06b.jpg" alt="" width="393" height="600" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">DIVORCED</p> -<p class="capbody">Tabor hardly looks like the sort of -Lothario who would have been the -idol of two remarkable women. But -such he was. Both wives were courageous, -articulate and full of initiative, -besides adoring. The first liked -to work; the second to play. The -first was downright; the second, -flattering. The first hated to show -off; the second loved the limelight. -The first was economical and the -second, extravagant. But both were -unusual women who made history. -A detailed treatment of the second -Mrs. Tabor’s life will be found in the -illustrated booklet, “Silver Queen: -The Fabulous Story of Baby Doe -Tabor.” It is a rags-to-riches and -riches-to-rags tale, full of pathos.</p> -<p class="capbody">The photographs of Horace Tabor and Baby Doe, below, have never -been published before; also the photograph of Baby Doe on the next -page. The following sketch of Augusta, as a young woman with curls, -was printed with a write-up of the scandal in the national Police Gazette.</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class="img" id="fig9"> -<img src="images/p06c.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="639" /> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_9">9</div> -<div class="img" id="fig10"> -<img src="images/p07.jpg" alt="" width="731" height="600" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">BITTER FOES</p> -<p class="capbody">The first Mrs. Tabor, or the second, would tell her coachman to -pass the other’s carriage if they saw each other out driving. -Their enmity never relented the least bit during Augusta’s life.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>The camp fell off rapidly and by autumn was practically deserted. The -Tabors decided to try the other side of the Mosquito Range and the booming -camp of Buckskin Joe. Again they opened a store and again it was -selected as the post office. Horace had no better luck with mining in South -Park than in Oro and so resigned himself to their small business venture.</p> -<p>But he still dreamt of bonanzas and hopefully grubstaked penniless -prospectors. The agreement was that in return for supplies, which he gave -them, they would share any rich finds. Augusta viewed the practice with -disfavor.</p> -<p>When the Printer Boy mine was expanded in 1868 in California -Gulch, the Tabors moved back to Oro City. This time they erected a four-room -log cabin about a mile above the present site of Leadville and settled -down to their usual routine of running a general store. For ten more years, -bringing the total to eighteen, Augusta kept at her labors and Horace -cherished his dreams.</p> -<p>As the years passed, Augusta’s natural New England frankness grew -more tart. She found Horace’s easy-going ways irritating. His off-hand generosities -made no sense to a woman who knew the value of a hard-earned -dollar. Or, perhaps, some psychic intuition warned Augusta that that very -same trait would bring her eventual heart-break, and she was trying subconsciously -to ward off the blow.</p> -<p>The blow came disguised as good fortune. In 1877 the news leaked out -that those heavy particles of black sand, which had been so difficult for the -placer miners to separate from gold, were really bits of lead-silver carbonates. -A second rush to California Gulch began. The newcomers were silver-seekers -and chose the lower part of the gulch in which to settle. The Tabors -decided to move their Oro City store a mile farther down, and selected a -site on the south side of Chestnut Street, a door below the Harrison Avenue -<span class="pb" id="Page_10">10</span> -corner. They built a story-and-a-half log and frame building with sleeping -quarters upstairs, and dining and kitchen arrangements to the rear.</p> -<div class="img" id="fig11"> -<img src="images/p07b.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="650" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">AUGUSTA’S HOUSE</p> -<p class="capbody">This little clapboard dwelling originally -stood on Harrison Avenue, -Leadville, where the Opera House -is now. It was moved to its present -place on Fifth Street in 1879. In -1955 it was opened as a small -shop-museum. It now stands alone -on the block, but for many years -it was huddled against a clapboard -false-front assay office on one side -and small residences on the other.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>Business boomed. Tabor had to hire two clerks to take care of the post -office alone. Soon he was forced to open a banking department since he -owned an ordinary iron safe which sat outside the counter. Everyone wanted -to deposit their cash in his safe. The cashier divided his time between -the dry goods and grocery divisions, and the receipt of deposits and writing -of exchange. Tabor hired still more clerks and expanded jovially in the -balmy atmosphere of his new importance.</p> -<p>In January, 1878, the settlement comprised some seventy tents, shanties -and log cabins. The inhabitants decided to call a meeting, effect an organization -and choose a name. “Leadville” was selected, although a few people -thought “Cloud City” was more poetic. A short while afterward they voted -Tabor to the mayorship, and officially confirmed his year-long office with a -city election in April. Tabor was now worth between $25,000 and $30,000.</p> -<p>As sleeping and eating facilities were at a premium, the Tabors decided -to build a residence for themselves, where Augusta could serve meals, and -to allow the clerks to sleep above the store. They chose a site at 310 Harrison -Avenue, way off from the settlement, and began to build in the spring. -Meanwhile Tabor was handing out grubstakes and still dreaming.</p> -<p>Then the momentous day of his Castles-in-Spain arrived. On Sunday, -April 21, 1878, two German prospectors, August Rische and George Theodore -Hook, asked him for a stake while Tabor was sorting mail. Postmaster -Tabor told them to pick out what they needed, and the men chose about $17 -worth of supplies, mostly groceries. They drew up an agreement that Tabor -was entitled to a third of what they found.</p> -<p>A few days later they came back and asked for a second hand-out. -They had staked a claim and they needed shovels, a hand-switch, drills and -blasting powder to sink a shaft. This brought the total outlay to some $60.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_11">11</div> -<div class="img" id="fig12"> -<img src="images/p08.jpg" alt="" width="793" height="600" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">FAST FRIENDS</p> -<p class="capbody">Although Bush quarreled -violently with -both Maxcy’s father -and mother, no friction -ever marred their -affection. They were -business partners and -friends for twenty -years despite sixteen -years’ difference in -their age and outlook.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>Early in May, Augusta was coming downstairs one morning when -August Rische burst into the store. As she told the story to Flora Stevens, -his hands were full of specimens. He rushed toward her and shouted:</p> -<p>“We’ve struck it! We’ve struck it!”</p> -<p>Augusta said she was rather frigid to him.</p> -<p>“Rische, when you bring me money instead of rocks, then I’ll believe -you.”</p> -<p>But it was true. Their mine, the Little Pittsburgh, netted Tabor $500,000 -in the following fifteen months. He bought the Chrysolite which proved -to be another bonanza. Augusta continued to keep boarders during the -summer and Tabor, to supervise the store’s activities. But then Tabor began -to splurge, and in the autumn they sold out. The fall election had made -Tabor lieutenant-governor of Colorado, so they planned to move to Denver.</p> -<p>In January, 1879, Tabor rented, and the next month purchased, the -Henry C. Brown house at 17th and Broadway, paying $40,000. According -to Augusta, when her husband took her to see it, she was very mindful of -the quick rises and equally rapid descents of Colorado fortunes. Augusta -took one look at her husband’s idea of a new home and said:</p> -<p>“I will never go up these steps, Tabor, if you think I will ever have -to go down them.”</p> -<p>Thirty-five curious callers appeared the first day she was at home. She -remarked sarcastically:</p> -<p>“I would scarcely know how to return the call of the woman next door -who arrived in a carriage.”</p> -<p>Tabor provided the means for returning the call. It was a $2,000 carriage, -an exact replica of the one driven by the White House coachman -around Washington.</p> -<p>“La,” she told Flora Stevens, “If we had only had the money that is in -that carriage when we began life.”</p> -<p>Delegations from the various churches also came to call, each seeking -the Tabors’ membership. Augusta remarked:</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_12">12</div> -<div class="img" id="fig13"> -<img src="images/p08b.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="477" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">TABOR PROPERTY DOMINATED DENVER IN 1881</p> -<p class="capbody">The Tabor Grand rose like a cathedral beyond the spired church. At far -right is Augusta’s house. The light building behind the present Navarre -Restaurant is the Windsor Hotel. The tall business building in the -middle was the Tabor block. The Brown was a triangular cow pasture. -In front of it was Augusta’s coach house that faced Seventeenth Avenue.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>“I suppose Mr. Tabor’s and my souls are of more value than they were -a year ago.”</p> -<p>Poor Augusta! Time was running out. Tabor’s answer to her tartness -was to spend his evenings in the variety halls and bordellos. As his interests -and investments widened, he took the most seductive inmates traveling with -him. The newspapers reported that Tabor had given clothes, jewelry, furs -and furbelows to three or four women (one paper said five) so that they -could appear as “Mrs. Tabor.” One that he singled out was Alice Morgan, -an Indian club swinger at the Grand Central variety hall in Leadville. Next -he was charmed by Willie Deville in Lizzie Allen’s parlor house in Chicago, -and he brought Willie west with him. Augusta discovered the affair and the -miscreants promised to part.</p> -<p>But this was a ruse. Tabor kept on seeing her secretly and took Willie -on a trip to New York. There, she was so indiscreet about their relations -that a woman in the hotel tried to blackmail the Silver King. Tabor told -Willie she talked too much and made her a gift of $5,000 to soften the blow -of saying “good-bye.” (Augusta preserved an interview, with many more -details than these, that Willie gave to a St. Louis reporter a couple of years -after the affair. Apparently, Willie was still talking too much.)</p> -<p>In September, 1879, Tabor sold out his interest in the Little Pittsburgh -for a cool million dollars. He bought the Matchless for $117,000 (which -later proved the greatest bonanza of all) and over 800 shares of stock of the -First National Bank in Denver. Then he and Augusta went East for six -weeks while he made further investments, notably land in South Chicago.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_13">13</div> -<div class="img" id="fig14"> -<img src="images/p09.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="566" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">TWENTY ROOMS</p> -<p class="capbody">Henry C. Brown, the builder of the Brown Palace Hotel and donor of -the State Capitol ground, sold this house to Horace Tabor in 1879. -Augusta’s first act, when she obtained it as part of her divorce settlement, -was to have the grounds landscaped. Each summer thereafter -she entertained at a lawn party to aid charities of the Unity Church.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>On November 5 the Tabors returned to Denver and Horace left for -Leadville to see to the completion and opening of the Tabor Opera House. -Augusta remained in Denver. Tabor did not return even for Christmas. His -bachelor suite on the second floor of the Opera House (with its handy passageway -across to Bill Bush’s Clarendon Hotel) proved too delightful for a -man whose eyes wandered.</p> -<p>Augusta and he began to quarrel more violently. During 1880 they appeared -together at balls of the Tabor Hose Co. in Denver and of the Tabor -Light Cavalry in Leadville, and when Tabor entertained ex-President and -Mrs. Grant in the “Cloud City.” The two couples sat together in the left-hand -box for the second act of “Ours,” and then left to attend a ball in the -general’s honor. This was July 23, 1880, a momentous date for forty-seven-year -old Augusta—not because she had met a president, but because just -about that time Horace ceased to be her husband.</p> -<p>In the autumn, back in Denver, Horace gave her $100,000, following -his usual practice of making a parting gift. In January, 1881, Tabor left -the Broadway mansion irrevocably and established residence in a suite at -the Windsor Hotel of which he was part-owner.</p> -<p>What had happened was that, some time during the spring or summer -on one of his frequent trips to Leadville, Tabor had met “Baby” Doe. She -was twenty-five and he was forty-nine. They were introduced by Bill Bush -who had known the Dresden-doll beauty as Mrs. Harvey Doe during her -two-and-a-half year residence in Central City. Bill Bush had been proprietor -of the Teller House and had also known her husband and in-laws. -She had obtained a divorce from Harvey Doe in March, 1880, for adultery -and non-support, and shortly after arrived in Leadville.</p> -<p>Baby Doe said that it was “love at first sight” on her part. With Tabor, -the feeling grew on him. She became his mistress almost immediately, but -it was not until January, 1881, that he began to think of divorce and re-marriage. -Augusta put her foot down. She refused successive overtures of -a handsome settlement in return for a divorce.</p> -<p>Augusta knew what was going on. In December, 1880, she bought a -third interest in the Windsor Hotel from Charles L. Hall of Leadville. The -other third was owned by Bill Bush, who also managed the hotel, assisted -by her son, Maxcy. In the next months Augusta used her ownership to -<span class="pb" id="Page_14">14</span> -check up regularly on activities at the hotel. When Tabor brought Baby Doe -down from Leadville and installed her at the Windsor, the two women must -have passed in the lobby frequently.</p> -<div class="img" id="fig15"> -<img src="images/p09a.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="368" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="caphead">AUGUSTA’S CORNER WITH TREES—THEN AND NOW</p> -<p class="capbody">When Augusta disposed of her last remaining lot at Seventeenth and -Broadway, her trees were sold and transplanted to Wolhurst, Littleton.</p> -</div> -</div> -<p>Augusta realized a fine monthly profit from her Windsor investment, -and in April, 1881, she treated herself to a trip abroad for several months. -Both Tabor and Bush wanted to buy out her share. Tabor did not like her -making “such a damned nuisance of herself” going in and out of the rooms, -and Bush wanted to obtain a controlling interest in the hotel. Augusta kept -on saying, “No.” No divorce and no hotel sale.</p> -<p>When Augusta returned from Europe, she found her husband had -risen to new heights. He was being considered for a senatorship and he had -finished building the Tabor Grand Opera House in Denver. The citizens -were tendering a ceremony and watch fob to him on the opening night.</p> -<p>Augusta wrote him a letter apologizing for what she “had said in the -heat of passion.” She also asked to be allowed to come to the opening night -of the Tabor Grand and to go with him to Washington as a senator’s wife. -This letter turned up among Baby Doe’s papers at her death. No one knows -how, or if, it was answered. But the Tabor box was empty on September 5, -1881, the gala occasion Augusta wanted to attend.</p> -<p>In April, 1882, Augusta instituted a suit for payment of $50,000 a -year alimony despite the fact that she was not divorced. She listed Tabor’s -holdings and their specific worth, an impressive tabulation, which brought -the total to $9,410,000. The suit caused a lot of scandal, damaged Tabor -politically, but accomplished nothing for Augusta since it was thrown out -of court as illegal.</p> -<p>Augusta gave in on the hotel-sale petition first. She sold her interest in -the Windsor to Bush for close to $40,000 in May, 1882. Finally, on January -2, 1883, she gave Tabor a divorce in exchange for property worth about -$300,000. She caused a sensation at the divorce trial by reiterating:</p> -<p>“Not willingly, Oh God, not willingly!”</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_15">15</div> -<p>It was this public statement of hers to the judge which made her feel -that the divorce was not valid.</p> -<p>Amos Steck, Augusta’s lawyer, summed up the whole five years of -public quarreling and scandal when he talked about her to a reporter:</p> -<p>“Oh, she knows all about his practises with lewd women. I never saw -such a woman. She is crazy about Tabor. She loves him and that settles it.”</p> -<p>For years Augusta hoped that Baby Doe would tire of Horace and, -crestfallen, he would come back to his first wife. She thought that when the -money was gone, the young hussy would flit. She told reporters she was -building up her own fortune and hanging on to her large house in order -that she might take care of Tabor in his old age.</p> -<p>But Augusta was wrong. She had underestimated her rival. When the -Silver Panic of 1893 reduced the former millionaire to poverty, his pretty -blonde wife stuck like glue.</p> -<p>Belatedly Augusta realized the true character of Baby Doe. In 1892 -the first Mrs. Tabor sold her house on Broadway and moved across the -street to the newly-opened Brown Palace Hotel. Although Maxcy and Bill -Bush were the managers and lived there also, Augusta did not enjoy hotel -life. Her health was starting to fail and she went to California for the -winter, seeking a milder climate. There in Pasadena, on February 1, 1895, -at the age of sixty-two she died, her social position still secure, if not -showy, and her fortune built to a million and a half dollars.</p> -<p>She said in her own words when Tabor was at his richest:</p> -<p>“I feel that in those early years of self-sacrifice, hard labor, and economy, -I laid the foundation for Mr. Tabor’s immense wealth. Had I not -stayed with him and worked by his side, he would have been discouraged, -returned to the stone-cutting trade and so lost his big opportunity.”</p> -<p>All Colorado agreed with her at the time—and then the mills of the -Gods ground slowly and exceedingly fine. Tabor’s immense wealth evaporated.</p> -<p>But its going did not bring Horace back to her; he clung to Baby Doe -until the end, four years after Augusta’s death. Never once was there the -slightest rumor of any infidelity of his to her after 1881 and none of Baby -Doe to him after their first meeting. It must have been galling to Augusta.</p> -<p>Maxcy Tabor inherited the money his mother had husbanded with -such business acumen. He brought her body back from California and she -was buried in Riverside cemetery. With the passage of the years Maxcy was -laid to rest in Fairmount beside his wife; and Horace Tabor, in Mt. Olivet -beside Baby Doe. Augusta lies alone in an old-fashioned cemetery, as alone -as she lived her last fifteen years, terribly alone.</p> -<p>For many years of her middle life Augusta was called “Leadville’s -First Lady.” The nickname was spoken in affection and in admiration, and -she was interviewed for the Leadville papers under that heading. Yes, she -was a first lady in many ways, courageous and industrious and civic. The -tragedy of her life lay in the fact that, although she was beloved of many, -she lost the key to the only heart she wanted.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_16">16</div> -<h2 id="c2"><i>Acknowledgments</i></h2> -<p class="author">(Reprinted from earlier editions for the fifth in 1968)</p> -<dl class="dlblock"><dt><b>For Research Aid:</b></dt> -<dd>First, as always, to the patient staff of the Western History Department -of the Denver Public Library—Ina T. Aulls, Alys Freeze, -Opal Harber and Katherine Hawkins—who find the answers to -many puzzlers. Secondly, Agnes Wright Spring, Colorado historian, -always generous; and helpful others at the State Museum—Dolores -Renze, Frances Shea, Dorothy Stewart and Kenneth Watson. -Next, Lorena Jones and Allen Young of <i>The Denver Post</i> -library, unfailingly obliging. My gratitude to all.</dd> -<dt><b>For Photographs and Sketches:</b></dt> -<dd>The Western History Department of the Denver Public Library -has supplied the great majority of the illustrations used. The Colorado -Historical Society contributed two photographs; the Oshkosh -Public Museum, one; Mrs. Belle Taylor, two; the Mile High Center, -one; and one gift of Fred Mazzulla was graciously rehabilitated -by Phil Slattery and Bill Brown of <i>The Denver Post</i>.</dd> -<dt><b>For Proofreading:</b></dt> -<dd>Mrs. J. Alvin Fitzell continues to donate her time and aptitude for -catching typographical errors in each successive booklet.</dd> -</dl> -<h2 id="c3"><i>By the Same Author</i></h2> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Gulch of Gold</b>: Her affection for and pride in Gregory Gulch shows in -every line of this book.... The old photographs and maps are entrancing.... -<span class="lr">Marshall Sprague in the <i>New York Times</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Colorful Colorado: Its Dramatic History</b>: “... a remarkable feat of -condensation ... ought to be a copy in your car’s glove locker.” -<span class="lr">Robert Perkin in the <i>Rocky Mountain News</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Unique Ghost Towns</b>: “This new Bancroft Booklet is the best yet.” -<span class="lr">Stanton Peckham in <i>The Denver Post</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown</b>: “Caroline Bancroft’s booklets are -brighter, better-illustrated and cheaper than formal histories of -Colorado.... The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown was a delightful person, -and I wish I had known her.” -<span class="lr">John J. Lipsey in the <i>Colorado Springs Free Press</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>The Brown Palace in Denver</b>: “Miss Bancroft has a sure touch and -this new title adds another wide-selling item to her list.” -<span class="lr">Don Bloch in <i>Roundup</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Denver’s Lively Past</b>: “With zest and frankness the author emphasizes -the dramatic, lusty, bizarre and spicy happenings.” -<span class="lr">Agnes Wright Spring in <i>The Denver Post</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Historic Central City</b>: “We could do with more such stories of Colorado’s -fabled past.” -<span class="lr">Marian Castle in <i>The Denver Post</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Famous Aspen</b>: “It’s all here.... Aspenites should be grateful.” -<span class="lr">Luke Short in <i>The Aspen Times</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Silver Queen: The Fabulous Story of Baby Doe Tabor</b>: “Attractive, -sprightly, well-printed book ... which is more informative and -genuinely human than preceding works giving the Tabor story.” -<span class="lr">Fred A. Rosenstock in <i>The Brand Book</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Tabor’s Matchless Mine and Lusty Leadville</b>: “Seventh in her series -of Bancroft Booklets retelling segments of Colorado’s history. -They are popularly written, color-packed little pamphlets, and it’s -a pleasure to commend them to native and tourist alike.” -<span class="lr">Robert Perkin in the <i>Rocky Mountain News</i>.</span></p> -<p><b>Six Racy Madams of Colorado</b>: “This delightful booklet is written -both with good humor and good taste.” -<span class="lr"><i>Rocky Mountain News.</i></span></p> -<p><b>Colorado’s Lost Gold Mines and Buried Treasure</b>: “The casual -reader ... will find his own treasure buried in this little booklet.” -<span class="lr">Claude Powe in <i>The Central City Tommy-Knawker</i>.</span></p> -</blockquote> -<p class="tbcenter">(<i>See back cover for prices</i>)</p> -<h3 id="c4">GULCH OF GOLD</h3> -<p>A fictionized history, reading like a novel but of the soundest research, -picturing the stories of colorful characters who started the state, -with over 100 photos and maps. Hard cover book. $6.25</p> -<h3 id="c5">COLORFUL COLORADO: ITS DRAMATIC HISTORY</h3> -<p>The whole magnificent sweep of the state’s history in a sprightly -condensation, with 111 photos (31 in color). Paper, $2.00.</p> -<h3 id="c6">UNIQUE GHOST TOWNS AND MOUNTAIN SPOTS</h3> -<p>Forty-two of Colorado’s romance-packed high-country towns have -their stories, told with old and new photos, history and maps. $2.00.</p> -<h3 id="c7">THE UNSINKABLE MRS. BROWN</h3> -<p>The rollicking story of an ignorant Leadville waitress who reached -the top of Newport society as a <i>Titanic</i> heroine. Illustrated. $1.25.</p> -<h3 id="c8">SILVER QUEEN: THE FABULOUS STORY OF BABY DOE TABOR</h3> -<p>Her love affair caused a sensational triangle and a national scandal -in the ’Eighties. Illustrated. $1.50.</p> -<h3 id="c9">TABOR’S MATCHLESS MINE AND LUSTY LEADVILLE</h3> -<p>Colorado’s most publicized mine was just one facet of the extraordinary -history of the lusty camp where it operated. Illustrated. 75c.</p> -<h3 id="c10">FAMOUS ASPEN</h3> -<p>Today the silver-studded slopes of an early day bonanza town have -turned into a scenic summer and ski resort. Illustrated. $1.50.</p> -<h3 id="c11">HISTORIC CENTRAL CITY</h3> -<p>Colorado’s first big gold camp lived to become a Summer Opera -and Play Festival town. Illustrated. 85c.</p> -<h3 id="c12">DENVER’S LIVELY PAST</h3> -<p>A wild frontier town, built on a jumped claim and promoting a -red-light district, became a popular tourist spot. Illustrated. $1.00.</p> -<h3 id="c13">THE BROWN PALACE IN DENVER</h3> -<p>No hotel had more turn-of-the-century glamor, nor has seen such -plush love-affairs, murders and bizarre doings. Illustrated. 75c.</p> -<h3 id="c14">COLORADO’S LOST GOLD MINES AND BURIED TREASURE</h3> -<p>Thirty fabulous tales, which will inspire the reader to go searching -with a spade, enliven the state’s past. Illustrated. $1.25.</p> -<h3 id="c15">SIX RACY MADAMS OF COLORADO</h3> -<p>Biographies of six “ladies of pleasure” (whose parlor houses were -scarlet ornaments to the state) make amusing reading. Illust. $1.50.</p> -<p class="tbcenter">(<i>Add 20 cents for mailing one copy; 30 cents for more than one</i>)</p> -<dl class="undent"><dt>Available Summer, 1968:</dt> -<dt><b>Two Burros of Fairplay</b>, Morsels of History for Young and Old $1.00</dt> -<dt><b>Trail Ridge Country</b>, Romance of Estes Park and Grand Lake $2.00</dt></dl> -<p class="tbcenter"><b>JOHNSON PUBLISHING COMPANY</b> -<br /><b>839 Pearl, Boulder, Colorado 80302</b></p> -<h2 id="c16"><i>Transcriber’s Notes</i></h2> -<ul><li>Copyright notice provided as in the original—this e-text is public domain in the country of publication.</li> -<li>Silently corrected palpable typos; left non-standard spellings and dialect unchanged.</li> -<li>In the text versions, delimited italicized text by _underscores_.</li></ul> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Augusta Tabor, by Caroline Bancroft - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUGUSTA TABOR *** - -***** This file should be named 50934-h.htm or 50934-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/0/9/3/50934/ - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Augusta Tabor - Her Side of the Scandal - -Author: Caroline Bancroft - -Release Date: January 15, 2016 [EBook #50934] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUGUSTA TABOR *** - - - - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - - - AUGUSTA - TABOR - _HER SIDE OF THE SCANDAL_ - - - By Caroline Bancroft Price 75c - - Copyright 1955 by Caroline Bancroft. Fifth edition, 1968 - -_All rights in this book are reserved. It may not be used for dramatic, - radio, television, motion or talking picture purposes without written - authorization._ - - Johnson Publishing Co., Boulder, Colorado - - [Illustration] - - - - - The Author - - -Caroline Bancroft is a third generation Coloradan who began writing her -first history for The Denver Post in 1928. - -Her long-standing interest in western history was inherited. Her pioneer -grandfather, Dr. F. J. Bancroft, was a founder of the Colorado -Historical Society and its first president. - -His granddaughter has carried on the family tradition. She is the author -of the interesting series of Bancroft Booklets, _Silver Queen: The -Fabulous Story of Baby Doe Tabor_, _Famous Aspen_, _Denver's Lively -Past_, _Historic Central City_, _The Brown Palace in Denver_, _Tabor's -Matchless Mine and Lusty Leadville_, _Glenwood's Early Glamor_, _Augusta -Tabor: Her Side of the Scandal_, _The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown_, _Unique -Ghost Towns_, _Colorado's Lost Gold Mines and Buried Treasure_, and the -basic, over-all history, _Colorful Colorado_. - -A Bachelor of Arts from Smith College, she later obtained a Master of -Arts degree from the University of Denver, writing her thesis on Central -City, Colorado. Her full-sized _Gulch of Gold_ is the attractive, -definitive history of that well-known area. - -She is shown standing beside the headgate at Lake Caroline on Mt. -Bancroft, a Continental Divide peak named for her grandfather. The photo -was taken by Charles Eaton in the summer of 1956. - - STEPHEN L. R. McNICHOLS - Governor of Colorado - 1957-63 - - [Illustration] - - - - - Augusta Tabor: - _Her Side of the Scandal_ - - -"She is a blonde, I understand, and paints. But I have never seen her." - -Augusta Tabor made this remark about Baby Doe in the course of a long -interview that she gave to a reporter for the _Denver Republican_. The -account appeared on October 31, 1883, and carried several heads. One of -these read, "Mrs. Tabor No. 1 makes some spicy revelations." - -Augusta received her caller in the elegantly furnished sitting-room of -her twenty-room mansion. The house stood at the corner of Seventeenth -Avenue and Lincoln Street but faced Broadway. Its address was 97 -Broadway, and was entered along a spruce-lined circular driveway. The -house and its surrounding block of land had been part of her divorce -settlement from the millionaire Silver King, Horace A. W. Tabor. - -That divorce in the January preceding had been a national scandal, only -to be topped by the even greater scandal of her former husband's -remarriage. The wedding was performed on March 1 in Washington where -Tabor had gone to serve a thirty-day term as senator. It was attended by -a number of political big-wigs, including President Chester Arthur; but -they came without their wives. The women drew a sharp line against -recognizing "that blonde," the former Mrs. Elizabeth McCourt Doe. - -The best people continued to draw that line. When the Tabors returned to -Denver after their honeymoon, no one called on the second Mrs. Tabor. -But shortly afterward Augusta came home from California where she had -taken her broken heart. Two hundred and fifty people organized a -surprise reception for her at her palatial residence. - -But in the following months Augusta brooded. - -"I do not consider myself divorced from Mr. Tabor," she told the -reporter. "The whole proceedings were irregular. If it were not for my -son, Maxcy, I would commence suit tomorrow to have the divorce annulled. -I repeat, it was illegal." - -"Do you think Mr. Tabor would live with you if you were to have the -divorce set aside?" the reporter asked. - -"No, I couldn't hope for that. But it would be a great deal of -satisfaction to know that that woman was no more to him than she was -before he gave her his name and mine." - -Augusta glanced over to the center table where she had laid down her -sewing, a piece of silk patchwork. The reporter thought she looked -lonely and sad-faced. Then she sighed. - -"Well, there has been scandal enough, God knows. It would make a big -volume if put in book form. It has aged me." - -A new chapter of the scandal was being enacted that week. Horace Tabor -was suing his old friend and business manager, William H. Bush, for -$25,000 because of sundry debts, including a $2,000 embezzlement as -former manager of the Tabor Grand Opera House of Denver. Bush had -retaliated with a counter-suit against Tabor, asking payment for all -sorts of flagrant services performed for the Silver King. The juicy -trial was the sensation of the week. - -Augusta had been called to testify for Bush. Her testimony had been very -titillating; and she had startled the court even further by crossing -over and sitting down beside Tabor while she tried to engage him in -conversation. - -"Mr. Tabor has changed a great deal," she commented to the reporter. "He -used to detest women of that kind. He would never allow me to whitewash -my face however much I desired to do so. She wants his money and will -hang to him as long as he has got a nickel. She don't want an old man." - -The reporter ventured the suggestion that the fifty-two-year old Tabor -was not such an old man. - -"Oh, yes he is! He dyes his hair and moustache. I noticed him in the -court room the other day. He was afraid to draw his handkerchief across -his mouth for fear of staining it. I also noticed that the hair on his -temples, which is gray, was colored nicely to give him a rejuvenated -appearance." - -Augusta and the reporter conversed for two solid columns of small, -tightly-packed print while she revealed a number of intimate matters. -The details of the secret, illegal, first divorce which Tabor had -procured from her in March, 1882, were set forth. Augusta claimed the -charges had been a lie from beginning to end and gave conclusive data in -refutation. - -"Mr. Tabor used to be a truthful man. He is changed now," she remarked -indignantly. After a pause, she continued with: - -"I understand that she has her family quartered at his home. I mean all -in this country. I understand that a fresh invoice is coming over from -Ireland." - -The reporter smiled at her sally and encouraged her to talk on. She -showed him three scrapbooks that she was making of clippings about -Tabor. (These scrapbooks are now in the Western History Collection of -the Denver Public Library, and contain this particular interview along -with many others.) Augusta explained that at first she had only saved -newspaper articles that spoke well of him. But now she was saving -everything, and the later clippings were all derogatory. - - [Illustration: SILVER DOLLARS ATOP TABOR BUILDINGS - - _The two buildings on the left at the corner of Harrison, looking down - Chestnut, were Tabor's bank and store; in 1879's booming Leadville._] - -"Is there really seventeen in that McCourt family? Well, there is one -thing that Mr. Tabor cannot say, and that is that any of my relatives -ever lived off him. Not one of them ever received a cent from him. That -woman will break him up." - -Augusta liked to talk to newspaper people. She, herself, had contributed -to Eastern newspapers and been a member of the Colorado State Press -Association. In July, 1879, she attended a meeting of the Association at -Manitou in company with Flora Stevens, a correspondent for the Kansas -City _Times_. Miss Stevens later wrote Augusta up under the heading, "A -Rich Man's Wife," in which she said that Augusta kept an extensive -journal during the trip to Manitou. Unfortunately this particular -example of Augusta's authorship has not been preserved. - -Augusta also liked to visit newspaper offices. In May, 1879, she brought -a visitor, "her dainty niece," Suzie Marston, to see the various -departments of the _Rocky Mountain News_. This girl was from Augusta, -Maine, the family home-town, after which Augusta had been named. Augusta -took her niece on trips around Colorado and in 1889 chaperoned her on a -diversified tour of Europe while they traveled with the George Tritches -of Denver. - -The first Mrs. Tabor's habit of calling on writers has preserved for us -a very fine autobiography. In September of 1883 Mrs. Alice Polk Hill of -Denver, who had lived in Colorado for a decade or so, decided to compile -a book by collecting reminiscences and informal bits of history. She -spent several months traveling about the state to obtain material. -Sometime prior to the publication of her book in 1884, she arrived in -Leadville and stayed at the Clarendon Hotel. Augusta, who was visiting -her sister, Mrs. Melvina L. Clarke, in Leadville at the time, came to -call. - -Mrs. Hill was delighted and later described Augusta as a "frail, -delicate-looking woman with pleasing manners." - -More importantly, Mrs. Tabor No. 1 wrote out a detailed account of her -early marriage, much of which Mrs. Hill used in her first book, "Tales -of the Colorado Pioneers," but which has survived intact in the _Denver -Republican_. - -Her romance with Tabor, a Vermont stone-cutter, began in Maine in -August, 1853, when Augusta L. Pierce was twenty years old and Horace -Austin Warner Tabor was twenty-two. He came to work for her father, a -contractor. After a couple of years' employment he fell in love with the -boss's daughter. A two-year engagement followed while Tabor homesteaded -a 160-acre farm in Riley County, Kansas. - -"On January 31, 1857, we were married in the room where we first met," -Augusta recalled. - -Farming in Kansas proved bleak, arduous and lonely for the -twenty-four-year old bride, and unprofitable for her husband. When the -news of gold in Colorado broke, the Tabors joined the rush. On April 5, -1859, they set out in an ox-drawn covered wagon with two men friends and -their sixteen-month-old baby son, Maxcy, who was teething. They also -took along several cows to provide milk. The journey to Denver took them -until June 20. They camped there for two weeks because the cattle were -footsore, and then moved to a site near Golden. - -Here, the men decided to push on to Gregory Diggings, now Central City, -and they went afoot since there was no adequate road for a wagon. - -"Leaving me and my sick child in the 7 by 9 tent, that my hands had -made, the men took a supply of provisions on their backs, a few -blankets, and bidding me be good to myself, left on the morning of the -glorious Fourth. My babe was suffering from fever and I was weak and -worn. My weight was only ninety pounds. How sadly I felt, none but God, -in whom I then firmly trusted, knew. Twelve miles from a human soul save -my babe. The only sound I heard was the lowing of the cattle, and they, -poor things, seemed to feel the loneliness of the situation and kept -unusually quiet. Every morning and evening I had a 'round-up' all to -myself," Augusta wrote. - -After three "long, weary weeks" the men returned. On the 26th of July -they again "loded" the wagon and started into the mountains. Traveling -by way of Russell Gulch, it took them three weeks to reach Payne's Bar, -now Idaho Springs. She remarked: - -"Ours was the first wagon through and I was the first white woman there, -if white I could be called, after camping out three months." - -The men cut logs, laid them up four feet and put the 7 by 9 tent on top -for a roof. Horace went prospecting and Augusta opened a business. She -baked bread and pies, gave meals and sold milk from their cows. - - [Illustration: AUGUSTA SAT WITH A PRESIDENT IN A BOX - - _The Tabor Opera House in Leadville was the home of legitimate drama - and provided many cultural evenings for early-day bonanza barons._] - -Horace found no gold, but Augusta was very successful. She made enough -money to buy their unpaid-for farm in Kansas and to keep them through -the winter in Denver. In February Horace returned to his prospect but -found his claim had been jumped. He decided to go prospecting farther -afield, on the Arkansas, and returned to Denver to make plans. - -They traveled by way of Ute Pass and were a month on the road before -they reached South Park. Now she waxed lyrical. - -"I shall never forget my first vision of the park. The sun was just -setting. I can only describe it by saying it was one of Colorado's -sunsets. Those who have seen them know how glorious they are. Those who -have not cannot imagine how gorgeously beautiful they are. The park -looked like a cultivated field with rivulets coursing through, and herds -of antelope in the distance." - -After two hazardous crossings of the ice-caked and tumultuous Arkansas, -and after several weeks of unsuccessful placering when they could not -separate heavy black particles from the gold, they arrived in California -Gulch. It was May 8, 1860. - -"The first thing after camping was to have the faithful old oxen -butchered that had brought us all the way from Kansas--yes, from the -Missouri River three years before. We divided the meat with the miners -in the gulch, for they were without provisions or ammunition." - -Once again Augusta was the first woman in the camp, and once again the -men built her a primitive log cabin. This one had a sod roof, no window, -and a dirt floor. She promptly went into business and Horace went -prospecting. As the Tabors were the only people in the upper end of the -gulch who owned a gold-scales, Augusta added weighing dust to her duties -of taking boarders and doing laundry. In a few weeks ten thousand men -were crowded in the gulch, and a mail and express office was needed. -Augusta was appointed postmistress of Oro City. - - [Illustration: THE PASSAGE-WAY OVER ST. LOUIS AVENUE - - _The Tabor Opera House was connected with the Clarendon Hotel for the - ease of Tabor and Bush who had private suites in the former._] - -"I was very happy that summer," she added. - -By September 20th Horace had accumulated $5,000 in gold dust from his -claim. He gave $1,000 worth of this dust to Augusta, and she prepared to -leave the mountains to spend the winter with her father and mother. - -"I put my wardrobe, what there was of it, in a carpet bag, and took -passage with a mule train that was going to the Missouri River. I was -five weeks in crossing and cooked for my board." - -(Horace and Maxcy also went to Maine that winter but Augusta did not -mention this.) - -"With that $1,000, I purchased 160 acres of land in Kansas, adjoining -the tract we already owned. My folks dressed me up, and in the spring I -bought a pair of mules and a wagon in St. Joe to return with, which took -about all my money." - -Horace spent the $4,000 that was left of the gold dust for flour in Iowa -on the way back. In the spring they opened a store in Augusta's cabin. -While he mined the claim, Augusta waited on customers and raised her -son. She even transported gold to Denver on horseback for the express -office. In order to fool highway robbers, Tabor carried a small amount -of gold, while large amounts were hidden under her skirts enjoying the -protection of chivalry to ladies! That summer of 1861 the store was more -profitable than mining because the easy placer gold was nearly played -out. - - [Illustration: MARRIED - - _In 1878 Tabor and his first wife were respectable citizens and - suitably wed. He kept a general store in the booming mining town of - Leadville and she, the mayor's wife, had boarders to increase the - family earnings and budget._] - - [Illustration: _In those days the Tabor residence stood on Harrison - Avenue; and can be seen toward the rear of this sketch, occupying the - space between the Clarendon Hotel and some new stores. Augusta's - boarders would have looked exactly like these men. Although most of - her boarders in 1878 were Tabor's clerks, they spent every hour of - their free time searching the hills for silver like everyone else. - This was a typical prospecting outfit._] - - [Illustration: DIVORCED - - _Tabor hardly looks like the sort of Lothario who would have been the - idol of two remarkable women. But such he was. Both wives were - courageous, articulate and full of initiative, besides adoring. The - first liked to work; the second to play. The first was downright; the - second, flattering. The first hated to show off; the second loved the - limelight. The first was economical and the second, extravagant. But - both were unusual women who made history. A detailed treatment of the - second Mrs. Tabor's life will be found in the illustrated booklet, - "Silver Queen: The Fabulous Story of Baby Doe Tabor." It is a - rags-to-riches and riches-to-rags tale, full of pathos._ - - _The photographs of Horace Tabor and Baby Doe, below, have never been - published before; also the photograph of Baby Doe on the next page. - The following sketch of Augusta, as a young woman with curls, was - printed with a write-up of the scandal in the national Police - Gazette._] - - [Illustration] - - [Illustration: BITTER FOES - - _The first Mrs. Tabor, or the second, would tell her coachman to pass - the other's carriage if they saw each other out driving. Their enmity - never relented the least bit during Augusta's life._] - -The camp fell off rapidly and by autumn was practically deserted. The -Tabors decided to try the other side of the Mosquito Range and the -booming camp of Buckskin Joe. Again they opened a store and again it was -selected as the post office. Horace had no better luck with mining in -South Park than in Oro and so resigned himself to their small business -venture. - -But he still dreamt of bonanzas and hopefully grubstaked penniless -prospectors. The agreement was that in return for supplies, which he -gave them, they would share any rich finds. Augusta viewed the practice -with disfavor. - -When the Printer Boy mine was expanded in 1868 in California Gulch, the -Tabors moved back to Oro City. This time they erected a four-room log -cabin about a mile above the present site of Leadville and settled down -to their usual routine of running a general store. For ten more years, -bringing the total to eighteen, Augusta kept at her labors and Horace -cherished his dreams. - -As the years passed, Augusta's natural New England frankness grew more -tart. She found Horace's easy-going ways irritating. His off-hand -generosities made no sense to a woman who knew the value of a -hard-earned dollar. Or, perhaps, some psychic intuition warned Augusta -that that very same trait would bring her eventual heart-break, and she -was trying subconsciously to ward off the blow. - -The blow came disguised as good fortune. In 1877 the news leaked out -that those heavy particles of black sand, which had been so difficult -for the placer miners to separate from gold, were really bits of -lead-silver carbonates. A second rush to California Gulch began. The -newcomers were silver-seekers and chose the lower part of the gulch in -which to settle. The Tabors decided to move their Oro City store a mile -farther down, and selected a site on the south side of Chestnut Street, -a door below the Harrison Avenue corner. They built a story-and-a-half -log and frame building with sleeping quarters upstairs, and dining and -kitchen arrangements to the rear. - - [Illustration: AUGUSTA'S HOUSE - - _This little clapboard dwelling originally stood on Harrison Avenue, - Leadville, where the Opera House is now. It was moved to its present - place on Fifth Street in 1879. In 1955 it was opened as a small - shop-museum. It now stands alone on the block, but for many years it - was huddled against a clapboard false-front assay office on one side - and small residences on the other._] - -Business boomed. Tabor had to hire two clerks to take care of the post -office alone. Soon he was forced to open a banking department since he -owned an ordinary iron safe which sat outside the counter. Everyone -wanted to deposit their cash in his safe. The cashier divided his time -between the dry goods and grocery divisions, and the receipt of deposits -and writing of exchange. Tabor hired still more clerks and expanded -jovially in the balmy atmosphere of his new importance. - -In January, 1878, the settlement comprised some seventy tents, shanties -and log cabins. The inhabitants decided to call a meeting, effect an -organization and choose a name. "Leadville" was selected, although a few -people thought "Cloud City" was more poetic. A short while afterward -they voted Tabor to the mayorship, and officially confirmed his -year-long office with a city election in April. Tabor was now worth -between $25,000 and $30,000. - -As sleeping and eating facilities were at a premium, the Tabors decided -to build a residence for themselves, where Augusta could serve meals, -and to allow the clerks to sleep above the store. They chose a site at -310 Harrison Avenue, way off from the settlement, and began to build in -the spring. Meanwhile Tabor was handing out grubstakes and still -dreaming. - -Then the momentous day of his Castles-in-Spain arrived. On Sunday, April -21, 1878, two German prospectors, August Rische and George Theodore -Hook, asked him for a stake while Tabor was sorting mail. Postmaster -Tabor told them to pick out what they needed, and the men chose about -$17 worth of supplies, mostly groceries. They drew up an agreement that -Tabor was entitled to a third of what they found. - -A few days later they came back and asked for a second hand-out. They -had staked a claim and they needed shovels, a hand-switch, drills and -blasting powder to sink a shaft. This brought the total outlay to some -$60. - - [Illustration: FAST FRIENDS - - _Although Bush quarreled violently with both Maxcy's father and - mother, no friction ever marred their affection. They were business - partners and friends for twenty years despite sixteen years' - difference in their age and outlook._] - -Early in May, Augusta was coming downstairs one morning when August -Rische burst into the store. As she told the story to Flora Stevens, his -hands were full of specimens. He rushed toward her and shouted: - -"We've struck it! We've struck it!" - -Augusta said she was rather frigid to him. - -"Rische, when you bring me money instead of rocks, then I'll believe -you." - -But it was true. Their mine, the Little Pittsburgh, netted Tabor -$500,000 in the following fifteen months. He bought the Chrysolite which -proved to be another bonanza. Augusta continued to keep boarders during -the summer and Tabor, to supervise the store's activities. But then -Tabor began to splurge, and in the autumn they sold out. The fall -election had made Tabor lieutenant-governor of Colorado, so they planned -to move to Denver. - -In January, 1879, Tabor rented, and the next month purchased, the Henry -C. Brown house at 17th and Broadway, paying $40,000. According to -Augusta, when her husband took her to see it, she was very mindful of -the quick rises and equally rapid descents of Colorado fortunes. Augusta -took one look at her husband's idea of a new home and said: - -"I will never go up these steps, Tabor, if you think I will ever have to -go down them." - -Thirty-five curious callers appeared the first day she was at home. She -remarked sarcastically: - -"I would scarcely know how to return the call of the woman next door who -arrived in a carriage." - -Tabor provided the means for returning the call. It was a $2,000 -carriage, an exact replica of the one driven by the White House coachman -around Washington. - -"La," she told Flora Stevens, "If we had only had the money that is in -that carriage when we began life." - -Delegations from the various churches also came to call, each seeking -the Tabors' membership. Augusta remarked: - - [Illustration: TABOR PROPERTY DOMINATED DENVER IN 1881 - - _The Tabor Grand rose like a cathedral beyond the spired church. At - far right is Augusta's house. The light building behind the present - Navarre Restaurant is the Windsor Hotel. The tall business building in - the middle was the Tabor block. The Brown was a triangular cow - pasture. In front of it was Augusta's coach house that faced - Seventeenth Avenue._] - -"I suppose Mr. Tabor's and my souls are of more value than they were a -year ago." - -Poor Augusta! Time was running out. Tabor's answer to her tartness was -to spend his evenings in the variety halls and bordellos. As his -interests and investments widened, he took the most seductive inmates -traveling with him. The newspapers reported that Tabor had given -clothes, jewelry, furs and furbelows to three or four women (one paper -said five) so that they could appear as "Mrs. Tabor." One that he -singled out was Alice Morgan, an Indian club swinger at the Grand -Central variety hall in Leadville. Next he was charmed by Willie Deville -in Lizzie Allen's parlor house in Chicago, and he brought Willie west -with him. Augusta discovered the affair and the miscreants promised to -part. - -But this was a ruse. Tabor kept on seeing her secretly and took Willie -on a trip to New York. There, she was so indiscreet about their -relations that a woman in the hotel tried to blackmail the Silver King. -Tabor told Willie she talked too much and made her a gift of $5,000 to -soften the blow of saying "good-bye." (Augusta preserved an interview, -with many more details than these, that Willie gave to a St. Louis -reporter a couple of years after the affair. Apparently, Willie was -still talking too much.) - -In September, 1879, Tabor sold out his interest in the Little Pittsburgh -for a cool million dollars. He bought the Matchless for $117,000 (which -later proved the greatest bonanza of all) and over 800 shares of stock -of the First National Bank in Denver. Then he and Augusta went East for -six weeks while he made further investments, notably land in South -Chicago. - - [Illustration: TWENTY ROOMS - - _Henry C. Brown, the builder of the Brown Palace Hotel and donor of - the State Capitol ground, sold this house to Horace Tabor in 1879. - Augusta's first act, when she obtained it as part of her divorce - settlement, was to have the grounds landscaped. Each summer thereafter - she entertained at a lawn party to aid charities of the Unity Church._] - -On November 5 the Tabors returned to Denver and Horace left for -Leadville to see to the completion and opening of the Tabor Opera House. -Augusta remained in Denver. Tabor did not return even for Christmas. His -bachelor suite on the second floor of the Opera House (with its handy -passageway across to Bill Bush's Clarendon Hotel) proved too delightful -for a man whose eyes wandered. - -Augusta and he began to quarrel more violently. During 1880 they -appeared together at balls of the Tabor Hose Co. in Denver and of the -Tabor Light Cavalry in Leadville, and when Tabor entertained -ex-President and Mrs. Grant in the "Cloud City." The two couples sat -together in the left-hand box for the second act of "Ours," and then -left to attend a ball in the general's honor. This was July 23, 1880, a -momentous date for forty-seven-year old Augusta--not because she had met -a president, but because just about that time Horace ceased to be her -husband. - -In the autumn, back in Denver, Horace gave her $100,000, following his -usual practice of making a parting gift. In January, 1881, Tabor left -the Broadway mansion irrevocably and established residence in a suite at -the Windsor Hotel of which he was part-owner. - -What had happened was that, some time during the spring or summer on one -of his frequent trips to Leadville, Tabor had met "Baby" Doe. She was -twenty-five and he was forty-nine. They were introduced by Bill Bush who -had known the Dresden-doll beauty as Mrs. Harvey Doe during her -two-and-a-half year residence in Central City. Bill Bush had been -proprietor of the Teller House and had also known her husband and -in-laws. She had obtained a divorce from Harvey Doe in March, 1880, for -adultery and non-support, and shortly after arrived in Leadville. - -Baby Doe said that it was "love at first sight" on her part. With Tabor, -the feeling grew on him. She became his mistress almost immediately, but -it was not until January, 1881, that he began to think of divorce and -re-marriage. Augusta put her foot down. She refused successive overtures -of a handsome settlement in return for a divorce. - -Augusta knew what was going on. In December, 1880, she bought a third -interest in the Windsor Hotel from Charles L. Hall of Leadville. The -other third was owned by Bill Bush, who also managed the hotel, assisted -by her son, Maxcy. In the next months Augusta used her ownership to -check up regularly on activities at the hotel. When Tabor brought Baby -Doe down from Leadville and installed her at the Windsor, the two women -must have passed in the lobby frequently. - - [Illustration: AUGUSTA'S CORNER WITH TREES--THEN AND NOW - - _When Augusta disposed of her last remaining lot at Seventeenth and - Broadway, her trees were sold and transplanted to Wolhurst, - Littleton._] - -Augusta realized a fine monthly profit from her Windsor investment, and -in April, 1881, she treated herself to a trip abroad for several months. -Both Tabor and Bush wanted to buy out her share. Tabor did not like her -making "such a damned nuisance of herself" going in and out of the -rooms, and Bush wanted to obtain a controlling interest in the hotel. -Augusta kept on saying, "No." No divorce and no hotel sale. - -When Augusta returned from Europe, she found her husband had risen to -new heights. He was being considered for a senatorship and he had -finished building the Tabor Grand Opera House in Denver. The citizens -were tendering a ceremony and watch fob to him on the opening night. - -Augusta wrote him a letter apologizing for what she "had said in the -heat of passion." She also asked to be allowed to come to the opening -night of the Tabor Grand and to go with him to Washington as a senator's -wife. This letter turned up among Baby Doe's papers at her death. No one -knows how, or if, it was answered. But the Tabor box was empty on -September 5, 1881, the gala occasion Augusta wanted to attend. - -In April, 1882, Augusta instituted a suit for payment of $50,000 a year -alimony despite the fact that she was not divorced. She listed Tabor's -holdings and their specific worth, an impressive tabulation, which -brought the total to $9,410,000. The suit caused a lot of scandal, -damaged Tabor politically, but accomplished nothing for Augusta since it -was thrown out of court as illegal. - -Augusta gave in on the hotel-sale petition first. She sold her interest -in the Windsor to Bush for close to $40,000 in May, 1882. Finally, on -January 2, 1883, she gave Tabor a divorce in exchange for property worth -about $300,000. She caused a sensation at the divorce trial by -reiterating: - -"Not willingly, Oh God, not willingly!" - -It was this public statement of hers to the judge which made her feel -that the divorce was not valid. - -Amos Steck, Augusta's lawyer, summed up the whole five years of public -quarreling and scandal when he talked about her to a reporter: - -"Oh, she knows all about his practises with lewd women. I never saw such -a woman. She is crazy about Tabor. She loves him and that settles it." - -For years Augusta hoped that Baby Doe would tire of Horace and, -crestfallen, he would come back to his first wife. She thought that when -the money was gone, the young hussy would flit. She told reporters she -was building up her own fortune and hanging on to her large house in -order that she might take care of Tabor in his old age. - -But Augusta was wrong. She had underestimated her rival. When the Silver -Panic of 1893 reduced the former millionaire to poverty, his pretty -blonde wife stuck like glue. - -Belatedly Augusta realized the true character of Baby Doe. In 1892 the -first Mrs. Tabor sold her house on Broadway and moved across the street -to the newly-opened Brown Palace Hotel. Although Maxcy and Bill Bush -were the managers and lived there also, Augusta did not enjoy hotel -life. Her health was starting to fail and she went to California for the -winter, seeking a milder climate. There in Pasadena, on February 1, -1895, at the age of sixty-two she died, her social position still -secure, if not showy, and her fortune built to a million and a half -dollars. - -She said in her own words when Tabor was at his richest: - -"I feel that in those early years of self-sacrifice, hard labor, and -economy, I laid the foundation for Mr. Tabor's immense wealth. Had I not -stayed with him and worked by his side, he would have been discouraged, -returned to the stone-cutting trade and so lost his big opportunity." - -All Colorado agreed with her at the time--and then the mills of the Gods -ground slowly and exceedingly fine. Tabor's immense wealth evaporated. - -But its going did not bring Horace back to her; he clung to Baby Doe -until the end, four years after Augusta's death. Never once was there -the slightest rumor of any infidelity of his to her after 1881 and none -of Baby Doe to him after their first meeting. It must have been galling -to Augusta. - -Maxcy Tabor inherited the money his mother had husbanded with such -business acumen. He brought her body back from California and she was -buried in Riverside cemetery. With the passage of the years Maxcy was -laid to rest in Fairmount beside his wife; and Horace Tabor, in Mt. -Olivet beside Baby Doe. Augusta lies alone in an old-fashioned cemetery, -as alone as she lived her last fifteen years, terribly alone. - -For many years of her middle life Augusta was called "Leadville's First -Lady." The nickname was spoken in affection and in admiration, and she -was interviewed for the Leadville papers under that heading. Yes, she -was a first lady in many ways, courageous and industrious and civic. The -tragedy of her life lay in the fact that, although she was beloved of -many, she lost the key to the only heart she wanted. - - - - - _Acknowledgments_ - - - (Reprinted from earlier editions for the fifth in 1968) - - For Research Aid: - First, as always, to the patient staff of the Western History - Department of the Denver Public Library--Ina T. Aulls, Alys - Freeze, Opal Harber and Katherine Hawkins--who find the - answers to many puzzlers. Secondly, Agnes Wright Spring, - Colorado historian, always generous; and helpful others at the - State Museum--Dolores Renze, Frances Shea, Dorothy Stewart and - Kenneth Watson. Next, Lorena Jones and Allen Young of _The - Denver Post_ library, unfailingly obliging. My gratitude to - all. - For Photographs and Sketches: - The Western History Department of the Denver Public Library has - supplied the great majority of the illustrations used. The - Colorado Historical Society contributed two photographs; the - Oshkosh Public Museum, one; Mrs. Belle Taylor, two; the Mile - High Center, one; and one gift of Fred Mazzulla was graciously - rehabilitated by Phil Slattery and Bill Brown of _The Denver - Post_. - For Proofreading: - Mrs. J. Alvin Fitzell continues to donate her time and aptitude for - catching typographical errors in each successive booklet. - - - - - _By the Same Author_ - - - Gulch of Gold: Her affection for and pride in Gregory Gulch shows in - every line of this book.... The old photographs and maps are - entrancing.... - Marshall Sprague in the _New York Times_. - - Colorful Colorado: Its Dramatic History: "... a remarkable feat of - condensation ... ought to be a copy in your car's glove locker." - Robert Perkin in the _Rocky Mountain News_. - - Unique Ghost Towns: "This new Bancroft Booklet is the best yet." - Stanton Peckham in _The Denver Post_. - - The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown: "Caroline Bancroft's booklets are brighter, - better-illustrated and cheaper than formal histories of Colorado.... - The Unsinkable Mrs. Brown was a delightful person, and I wish I had - known her." - John J. Lipsey in the _Colorado Springs Free Press_. - - The Brown Palace in Denver: "Miss Bancroft has a sure touch and this - new title adds another wide-selling item to her list." - Don Bloch in _Roundup_. - - Denver's Lively Past: "With zest and frankness the author emphasizes - the dramatic, lusty, bizarre and spicy happenings." - Agnes Wright Spring in _The Denver Post_. - - Historic Central City: "We could do with more such stories of - Colorado's fabled past." - Marian Castle in _The Denver Post_. - - Famous Aspen: "It's all here.... Aspenites should be grateful." - Luke Short in _The Aspen Times_. - - Silver Queen: The Fabulous Story of Baby Doe Tabor: "Attractive, - sprightly, well-printed book ... which is more informative and - genuinely human than preceding works giving the Tabor story." - Fred A. Rosenstock in _The Brand Book_. - - Tabor's Matchless Mine and Lusty Leadville: "Seventh in her series of - Bancroft Booklets retelling segments of Colorado's history. They are - popularly written, color-packed little pamphlets, and it's a pleasure - to commend them to native and tourist alike." - Robert Perkin in the _Rocky Mountain News_. - - Six Racy Madams of Colorado: "This delightful booklet is written both - with good humor and good taste." - _Rocky Mountain News._ - - Colorado's Lost Gold Mines and Buried Treasure: "The casual reader ... - will find his own treasure buried in this little booklet." - Claude Powe in _The Central City Tommy-Knawker_. - - - (_See back cover for prices_) - - - GULCH OF GOLD - -A fictionized history, reading like a novel but of the soundest -research, picturing the stories of colorful characters who started the -state, with over 100 photos and maps. Hard cover book. $6.25 - - - COLORFUL COLORADO: ITS DRAMATIC HISTORY - -The whole magnificent sweep of the state's history in a sprightly -condensation, with 111 photos (31 in color). Paper, $2.00. - - - UNIQUE GHOST TOWNS AND MOUNTAIN SPOTS - -Forty-two of Colorado's romance-packed high-country towns have their -stories, told with old and new photos, history and maps. $2.00. - - - THE UNSINKABLE MRS. BROWN - -The rollicking story of an ignorant Leadville waitress who reached the -top of Newport society as a _Titanic_ heroine. Illustrated. $1.25. - - - SILVER QUEEN: THE FABULOUS STORY OF BABY DOE TABOR - -Her love affair caused a sensational triangle and a national scandal in -the 'Eighties. Illustrated. $1.50. - - - TABOR'S MATCHLESS MINE AND LUSTY LEADVILLE - -Colorado's most publicized mine was just one facet of the extraordinary -history of the lusty camp where it operated. Illustrated. 75c. - - - FAMOUS ASPEN - -Today the silver-studded slopes of an early day bonanza town have turned -into a scenic summer and ski resort. Illustrated. $1.50. - - - HISTORIC CENTRAL CITY - -Colorado's first big gold camp lived to become a Summer Opera and Play -Festival town. Illustrated. 85c. - - - DENVER'S LIVELY PAST - -A wild frontier town, built on a jumped claim and promoting a red-light -district, became a popular tourist spot. Illustrated. $1.00. - - - THE BROWN PALACE IN DENVER - -No hotel had more turn-of-the-century glamor, nor has seen such plush -love-affairs, murders and bizarre doings. Illustrated. 75c. - - - COLORADO'S LOST GOLD MINES AND BURIED TREASURE - -Thirty fabulous tales, which will inspire the reader to go searching -with a spade, enliven the state's past. Illustrated. $1.25. - - - SIX RACY MADAMS OF COLORADO - -Biographies of six "ladies of pleasure" (whose parlor houses were -scarlet ornaments to the state) make amusing reading. Illust. $1.50. - - - (_Add 20 cents for mailing one copy; 30 cents for more than one_) - - Available Summer, 1968: - Two Burros of Fairplay, Morsels of History for Young and Old $1.00 - Trail Ridge Country, Romance of Estes Park and Grand Lake $2.00 - - - JOHNSON PUBLISHING COMPANY - 839 Pearl, Boulder, Colorado 80302 - - - - - _Transcriber's Notes_ - - ---Copyright notice provided as in the original--this e-text is public - domain in the country of publication. - ---Silently corrected palpable typos; left non-standard spellings and - dialect unchanged. - ---In the text versions, delimited italicized text by _underscores_. - - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Augusta Tabor, by Caroline Bancroft - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUGUSTA TABOR *** - -***** This file should be named 50934.txt or 50934.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/0/9/3/50934/ - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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