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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 by
+Sabine Baring‐Gould
+
+
+
+This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re‐use it under the terms of
+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+http://www.gutenberg.org/license. If you are not located in the United
+States, you’ll have to check the laws of the country where you are located
+before using this ebook.
+
+
+
+Title: Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213
+
+Author: Sabine Baring‐Gould
+
+Release Date: December 31, 2014 [Ebook #47832]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF‐8
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+
+
+
+
+
+                                PERPETUA
+
+                      A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213
+
+
+                                 BY THE
+                        REV. S. BARING‐GOULD, M.A.
+
+
+
+
+NEW YORK
+E. P. DUTTON & COMPANY
+31 WEST TWENTY‐THIRD STREET
+1897
+
+
+
+
+
+                           COPYRIGHT, 1897, BY
+                          E. P. DUTTON & COMPANY
+
+
+
+
+
+                                 CONTENTS
+
+
+CHAPTER                                          PAGE
+     I.   EST                                       1
+    II.   ÆMILIUS                                  14
+   III.   BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON                    22
+    IV.   THE UTRICULARES                          33
+     V.   THE LAGOONS                              45
+    VI.   THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE                    57
+   VII.   OBLATIONS                                68
+  VIII.   THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT                    81
+    IX.   STARS IN WATER                           93
+     X.   LOCUTUS EST!                            105
+    XI.   PALANQUINS                              117
+   XII.   REUS                                    128
+  XIII.   AD FINES                                140
+   XIV.   TO THE LOWEST DEPTH                     152
+    XV.   “REVEALED UNTO BABES”                   165
+   XVI.   DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES                 177
+  XVII.   PEDO                                    189
+ XVIII.   IN THE CITRON‐HOUSE                     204
+   XIX.   MARCIANUS                               218
+    XX.   IN THE BASILICA                         230
+   XXI.   A MANUMISSION                           242
+  XXII.   THE ARENA                               256
+ XXIII.   THE CLOUD‐BREAK                         270
+  XXIV.   CREDO                                   287
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                                 PERPETUA
+
+                       A TALE OF NÎMES IN A.D. 213
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER I
+
+                                   EST
+
+
+The Kalends (first) of March.
+
+A brilliant day in the town of Nemausus—the modern Nîmes—in the Province
+of Gallia Narbonensis, that arrogated to itself the title of being _the_
+province, a title that has continued in use to the present day, as
+distinguishing the olive‐growing, rose‐producing, ruin‐strewn portion of
+Southern France, whose fringe is kissed by the blue Mediterranean.
+
+Not a cloud in the nemophyla‐blue sky. The sun streamed down, with a heat
+that was unabsorbed, and with rays unshorn by any intervenient vapor, as
+in our northern clime. Yet a cool air from the distant snowy Alps touched,
+as with the kiss of a vestal, every heated brow, and refreshed it.
+
+The Alps, though invisible from Nemausus, make themselves felt, now in
+refreshing breezes, then as raging icy blasts.
+
+The anemones were in bloom, and the roses were budding. Tulips spangled
+the vineyards, and under the olives and in the most arid soil, there
+appeared the grape hyacinth and the star of Bethlehem.
+
+At the back of the white city stands a rock, the extreme limit of a spur
+of the Cebennæ, forming an amphitheatre, the stones scrambled over by blue
+and white periwinkle, and the crags heavy with syringa and flowering
+thorns.
+
+In the midst of this circus of rock welled up a river of transparent
+bottle‐green water, that filled a reservoir, in which circled white swans.
+
+On account of the incessant agitation of the water, that rose in bells,
+and broke in rhythmic waves against the containing breastwork, neither
+were the swans mirrored in the surface, nor did the white temple of
+Nemausus reflect its peristyle of channeled pillars in the green flood.
+
+This temple occupied one side of the basin; on the other, a little
+removed, were the baths, named after Augustus, to which some of the water
+was conducted, after it had passed beyond the precinct within which it was
+regarded as sacred.
+
+It would be hard to find a more beautiful scene, or see such a gay
+gathering as that assembled near the Holy Fountain on this first day of
+March.
+
+Hardly less white than the swans that dreamily swam in spirals, was the
+balustrade of limestone that surrounded the sheet of heaving water. At
+intervals on this breasting stood pedestals, each supporting a statue in
+Carrara marble. Here was Diana in buskins, holding a bow in her hand, in
+the attitude of running, her right hand turned to draw an arrow from the
+quiver at her back. There was the Gallic god Camulus, in harness, holding
+up a six‐rayed wheel, all gilt, to signify the sun. There was a nymph
+pouring water from her urn; again appeared Diana contemplating her
+favorite flower, the white poppy.
+
+But in the place of honor, in the midst of the public walk before the
+fountain, surrounded by acacias and pink‐blossomed Judas trees, stood the
+god Nemausus, who was at once the presiding deity over the fountain, and
+the reputed founder of the city. He was represented as a youth, of
+graceful form, almost feminine, and though he bore some military insignia,
+yet seemed too girl‐like and timid to appear in war.
+
+The fountain had, in very truth, created the city. This marvelous upheaval
+of a limpid river out of the heart of the earth had early attracted
+settlers to it, who had built their rude cabins beside the stream and who
+paid to the fountain divine honors. Around it they set up a circle of rude
+stones, and called the place _Nemet_—that is to say, the Sacred Place.
+After a while came Greek settlers, and they introduced a new civilization
+and new ideas. They at once erected an image of the deity of the fountain,
+and called this deity Nemausios. The spring had been female to the Gaulish
+occupants of the settlement; it now became male, but in its aspect the
+deity still bore indications of feminine origin. Lastly the place became a
+Roman town. Now beautiful statuary had taken the place of the monoliths of
+unhewn stone that had at one time bounded the sacred spring.
+
+On this first day of March the inhabitants of Nemausus were congregated
+near the fountain, all in holiday costume.
+
+Among them ran and laughed numerous young girls, all with wreaths of white
+hyacinths or of narcissus on their heads, and their clear musical voices
+rang as bells in the fresh air.
+
+Yet, jocund as the scene was, to such as looked closer there was
+observable an under‐current of alarm that found expression in the faces of
+the elder men and women of the throng, at least in those of such persons
+as had their daughters flower‐crowned.
+
+Many a parent held the child with convulsive clasp, and the eyes of
+fathers and mothers alike followed their darlings with a greed, as though
+desirous of not losing one glimpse, not missing one word, of the little
+creature on whom so many kisses were bestowed, and in whom so much love
+was centered.
+
+For this day was specially dedicated to the founder and patron of the
+town, who supplied it with water from his unfailing urn, and once in every
+seven years on this day a human victim was offered in sacrifice to the god
+Nemausus, to ensure the continuance of his favor, by a constant efflux of
+water, pure, cool and salubrious.
+
+The victim was chosen from among the daughters of the old Gaulish families
+of the town, and the victim was selected from among girls between the ages
+of seven and seventeen. Seven times seven were bound to appear on this day
+before the sacred spring, clothed in white and crowned with spring
+flowers. None knew which would be chosen and which rejected. The selection
+was not made by either the priests or the priestesses attached to the
+temple. Nor was it made by the magistrates of Nemausus. No parent might
+redeem his child. Chance or destiny alone determined who was to be chosen
+out of the forty‐nine who appeared before the god.
+
+Suddenly from the temple sounded a blast of horns, and immediately the
+peristyle (colonnade) filled with priests and priestesses in white, the
+former with wreaths of silvered olive leaves around their heads, the
+latter crowned with oak leaves of gold foil.
+
+The trumpeters descended the steps. The crowd fell back, and a procession
+advanced. First came players on the double flute, or syrinx, with red
+bands round their hair. Then followed dancing girls performing graceful
+movements about the silver image of the god that was borne on the
+shoulders of four maidens covered with spangled veils of the finest
+oriental texture. On both sides paced priests with brazen trumpets.
+
+Before and behind the image were boys bearing censers that diffused
+aromatic smoke, which rose and spread in all directions, wafted by the
+soft air that spun above the cold waters of the fountain.
+
+Behind the image and the dancing girls marched the priests and
+priestesses, singing alternately a hymn to the god.
+
+  “Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,
+  Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+  Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Hail, thou Archegos, founder of the city,
+  Crowned with oak leaves, cherishing the olive,
+  Grapes with thy water annually flushing,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Thou to the thirsty givest cool refreshment,
+  Thou to the herdsman yieldeth yearly increase,
+  Thou from the harvest wardest off diseases,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Seven are the hills on which old Rome is founded,
+  Seven are the hills engirdling thy fountain,
+  Seven are the planets set in heaven ruling,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Thou, the perennial, lovest tender virgins,
+  Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+  May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus.”
+
+Then the priests and priestesses drew up in lines between the people and
+the fountain, and the ædile of the city, standing forth, read out from a
+roll the names of seven times seven maidens; and as each name was called,
+a white‐robed, flower‐crowned child fluttered from among the crowd and was
+received by the priestly band.
+
+When all forty‐nine were gathered together, then they were formed into a
+ring, holding hands, and round this ring passed the bearers of the silver
+image.
+
+Now again rose the hymn:
+
+  “Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,
+  Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+  Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+            Father Nemausus.”
+
+And as the bearers carried the image round the circle, suddenly a golden
+apple held by the god, fell and touched a graceful girl who stood in the
+ring.
+
+“Come forth, Lucilla,” said the chief priestess. “It is the will of the
+god that thou speak the words. Begin.”
+
+Then the damsel loosed her hands from those she held, stepped into the
+midst of the circle and raised the golden pippin. At once the entire ring
+of children began to revolve, like a dance of white butterflies in early
+spring; and as they swung from right to left, the girl began to recite at
+a rapid pace a jingle of words in a Gallic dialect, that ran thus:
+
+      “One and two
+      Drops of dew,
+      Three and four
+      Shut the door.”
+
+As she spoke she indicated a child at each numeral,
+
+      “Five and six
+      Pick up sticks,
+      Seven and eight
+      Thou must wait.”
+
+Now there passed a thrill through the crowd, and the children whirled
+quicker.
+
+      “Nine and ten
+      Pass again.
+  Golden pippin, lo! I cast,
+  Thou, Alcmene, touched at last.”
+
+At the word “last” she threw the apple and struck a girl, and at once left
+the ring, cast her coronet of narcissus into the fountain and ran into the
+crowd. With a gasp of relief she was caught in the arms of her mother, who
+held her to her heart, and sobbed with joy that her child was spared. For
+her, the risk was past, as she would be over age when the next septennial
+sacrifice came round.
+
+Now it was the turn of Alcmene.
+
+She held the ball, paused a moment, looking about her, and then, as the
+troop of children revolved, she rattled the rhyme, and threw the pippin at
+a damsel named Tertiola. Whereupon she in turn cast her garland, that was
+of white violets, into the fountain, and withdrew.
+
+Again the wreath of children circled and Tertiola repeated the jingle till
+she came to “Touched at last,” when a girl named Ælia was selected, and
+came into the middle. This was a child of seven, who was shy and clung to
+her mother. The mother fondled her, and said, “My Ælia! Rejoice that thou
+art not the fated victim. The god has surrendered thee to me. Be speedy
+with the verse, and I will give thee _crustulæ_ that are in my basket.”
+
+So encouraged, the frightened child rattled out some lines, then halted;
+her memory had failed, and she had to be reminded of the rest. At last she
+also was free, ran to her mother’s bosom and was comforted with cakes.
+
+A young man with folded arms stood lounging near the great basin. He
+occasionally addressed a shorter man, a client apparently, from his
+cringing manner and the set smile he wore when addressing or addressed by
+the other.
+
+“By Hercules!” said the first. “Or let me rather swear by Venus and her
+wayward son, the Bow‐bearer, that is a handsome girl yonder, she who is
+the tallest, and methinks the eldest of all. What is her name, my
+Callipodius?”
+
+“She that looks so scared, O supremity of excellent youths, Æmilius
+Lentulus Varo! I believe that she is the daughter and only child of the
+widow Quincta, who lost her husband two years ago, and has refused
+marriage since. They whisper strange things concerning her.”
+
+“What things, thou tittle‐tattle bearer?”
+
+“Nay, I bear but what is desired of me. Didst thou not inquire of me who
+the maiden was? I have a mind to make no answer. But who can deny anything
+to thee?”
+
+“By the genius of Augustus,” exclaimed the patron, “thou makest me turn
+away my head at thy unctuous flattery. The peasants do all their cooking
+in oil, and when their meals be set on the table the appetite is taken
+away, there is too much oil. It is so with thy conversation. Come, thy
+news.”
+
+“I speak but what I feel. But see how the circle is shrunk. As to the
+scandal thou wouldst hear, it is this. The report goes that the widow and
+her daughter are infected with a foreign superstition, and worship an
+ass’s head.”
+
+“An ass’s head hast thou to hold and repeat such lies. Look at the virgin.
+Didst ever see one more modest, one who more bears the stamp of sound
+reason and of virtue on her brow. The next thou wilt say is——”
+
+“That these Christians devour young children.”
+
+“This is slander, not scandal. By Jupiter Camulus! the circle is reduced
+to four, and she, that fair maid, is still in it. There is Quinctilla, the
+daughter of Largus; look at him, how he eyes her with agony in his face!
+There is Vestilia Patercola. I would to the gods that the fair—what is her
+name?”
+
+“Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Har——”
+
+“Ah!” interrupted the patron, uneasily. “Quinctilla is out.”
+
+“Her father, Aulus Harpinius——”
+
+“See, see!” again burst in the youth Æmilius, “there are but two left;
+that little brown girl, and she whom thou namest——”
+
+“Perpetua.”
+
+Now arrived the supreme moment—that of the final selection. The choosing
+girl, in whose hand was the apple, stood before those who alone remained.
+She began:
+
+      “One, two
+      Drops of dew.”
+
+Although there was so vast a concourse present, not a sound could be
+heard, save the voice of the girl repeating the jingle, and the rush of
+the holy water over the weir. Every breath was held.
+
+      “Nine and ten,
+      Pass again.
+  Golden pippin, now I cast,
+  Thou, Portumna, touched at last.”
+
+At once the brown girl skipped to the basin, cast in her garland, and the
+high priestess, raising her hand, stepped forward, pointed to Perpetua,
+and cried, “Est.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER II
+
+                                 ÆMILIUS
+
+
+When the lot had fallen, then a cry rang from among the spectators, and a
+woman, wearing the white cloak of widowhood, would have fallen, had she
+not been caught and sustained by a man in a brown tunic and _lacerna_
+(short cloak).
+
+“Be not overcome, lady,” said this man in a low tone. “What thou losest is
+lent to the Lord.”
+
+“Baudillas,” sobbed the woman, “she is my only child, and is to be
+sacrificed to devils.”
+
+“The devil hath no part in her. She is the Lord’s, and the Lord will
+preserve His own.”
+
+“Will He give her back to me? Will He deliver her from the hands of His
+enemies?”
+
+“The Lord is mighty even to do this. But I say not that it will be done as
+thou desirest. Put thy trust in Him. Did Abraham withhold his son, his
+only son, when God demanded him?”
+
+“But this is not God, it is Nemausus.”
+
+“Nemausus is naught but a creature, a fountain, fed by God’s rains. It is
+the Lord’s doing that the lot has fallen thus. It is done to try thy
+faith, as of old the faith of Abraham was tried.”
+
+The poor mother clasped her arms, and buried her head in them.
+
+Then the girl thrust aside such as interposed and essayed to reach her
+mother. The priestesses laid hands on her, to stay her, but she said:
+
+“Suffer me to kiss my mother, and to comfort her. Do not doubt that I will
+preserve a smiling countenance.”
+
+“I cannot permit it,” said the high priestess. “There will be resistance
+and tears.”
+
+“And therefore,” said the girl, “you put drops of oil or water into the
+ears of oxen brought to the altars, that they may nod their heads, and so
+seem to express consent. Let me console my mother, so shall I be able to
+go gladly to death. Otherwise I may weep, and thereby mar thy sacrifice.”
+
+Then, with firmness, she thrust through the belt of priestesses, and
+clasped the almost fainting and despairing mother to her heart.
+
+“Be of good courage,” she said. “Be like unto Felicitas, who sent her
+sons, one by one, to receive the crown, and who—blessed mother that she
+was—encouraged them in their torments to play the man for Christ.”
+
+“But thou art my only child.”
+
+“And she offered them all to God.”
+
+“I am a widow, and alone.”
+
+“And such was she.”
+
+Then said the brown‐habited man whom the lady had called Baudillas:
+
+“Quincta, remember that she is taken from an evil world, in which are
+snares, and that God may have chosen to deliver her by this means from
+some great peril to her soul, against which thou wouldst have been
+powerless to protect her.”
+
+“I cannot bear it,” gasped the heart‐broken woman. “I have lived only for
+her. She is my all.”
+
+Then Perpetua gently unclasped the arms of her mother, who was lapsing
+into unconsciousness, kissed her, and said:
+
+“The God of all strength and comfort be to thee a strong tower of
+defence.” And hastily returned to the basin.
+
+The young man who before had noticed Perpetua, turned with quivering lip
+to his companion, and said:
+
+“I would forswear Nemausus—that he should exact such a price. Look at her
+face, Callipodius. Is it the sun that lightens it? By Hercules, I could
+swear that it streamed with effulgence from within—as though she were one
+of the gods.”
+
+“The more beautiful and innocent she be, the more grateful is she to the
+august Archegos!”
+
+“Pshaw!” scoffed the young man; his hand clutched the marble balustrade
+convulsively, and the blood suffused his brow and cheeks and throat. “I
+believe naught concerning these deities. My father was a shrewd man, and
+he ever said that the ignorant people created their own gods out of
+heroes, or the things of Nature, which they understood not, being beasts.”
+
+“But tell me, Æmilius—and thou art a profundity of wisdom, unsounded as is
+this spring—what is this Nemausus?”
+
+“The fountain.”
+
+“And how comes the fountain to ever heave with water, and never to fail.
+Verily it lives. See—it is as a thing that hath life and movement. If not
+a deity, then what is it?”
+
+“Nay—I cannot say. But it is subject to destiny.”
+
+“In what way?”
+
+“Ruled to flow.”
+
+“But who imposed the rule?”
+
+“Silence! I can think of naught save the innocent virgin thus sacrificed
+to besotted ignorance.”
+
+“Thou canst not prevent it. Therefore look on, as at a show.”
+
+“I cannot prevent it. I marvel at the magistrates—that they endure it.
+They would not do so were it to touch at all those of the upper town.
+Besides, did not the god Claudius——”
+
+“They are binding her.”
+
+“She refuses to be bound.”
+
+Shrieks now rang from the frantic mother, and she made desperate efforts
+to reach her daughter. She was deaf to the consolations of Baudillas, and
+to the remonstrances and entreaties of the people around her, who pitied
+and yet could not help her. Then said the ædile to his police, “Remove the
+woman!”
+
+The chief priest made a sign, and at once the trumpeters began to bray
+through their brazen tubes, making such a noise as to drown the cries of
+the mother.
+
+“I would to the gods I could save her,” said Æmilius between his teeth. He
+clenched his hands, and his eyes flashed. Then, without well knowing what
+he did, he unloosed his toga, at the same time that the priestesses
+divested Perpetua of her girded stole, and revealed her graceful young
+form in the tunic bordered with purple indicative of the nobility of the
+house to which she belonged.
+
+The priest had bound her hands; but Perpetua smiled, and shook off the
+bonds at her feet. “Let be,” she said, “I shall not resist.”
+
+On her head she still wore a crown of white narcissus. Not more fresh and
+pure were these flowers than her delicate face, which the blood had left.
+Ever and anon she turned her eyes in the direction of her mother, but she
+could no longer see her, as the attendants formed a ring so compact that
+none could break through.
+
+“Elect of the god, bride of Nemausus!” said the chief priestess, “ascend
+the balustrade of the holy perennial fountain.”
+
+Without shrinking, the girl obeyed.
+
+She fixed her eyes steadily on the sky, and then made the sacred sign on
+her brow.
+
+“What doest thou?” asked the priestess. “Some witchcraft I trow.”
+
+“No witchcraft, indeed,” answered the girl. “I do but invoke the Father of
+Lights with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.”
+
+“Ah, Apollo!—he is not so great a god as our Nemausus.”
+
+Then at a sign, the trumpeters blew a furious bellow and as suddenly
+ceased. Whereupon to the strains of flutes and the tinkling of triangles,
+the choir broke forth into the last verse of the hymn:
+
+  “Thou, the perennial, loving tender virgins,
+  Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+  May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus.”
+
+As they chanted, and a cloud of incense mounted around her, Perpetua
+looked down into the water. It was green as glacier ice, and so full of
+bubbles in places as to be there semi‐opaque. The depth seemed infinite.
+No bottom was visible. No fish darted through it. An immense volume boiled
+up unceasingly from unknown, unfathomed depths. The wavelets lapped the
+marble breasting as though licking it with greed expecting their victim.
+
+The water, after brimming the basin, flowed away over a sluice under a
+bridge as a considerable stream. Then it lost its sanctity and was
+employed for profane uses.
+
+Perpetua heard the song of the ministers of the god, but gave no heed to
+it, for her lips moved in prayer, and her soul was already unfurling its
+pure wings to soar into that Presence before which, as she surely
+expected, she was about to appear.
+
+When the chorus had reached the line:
+
+  “May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus!”
+
+then she was thrust by three priestesses from the balustrade and
+precipitated into the basin. She uttered no cry, but from all present a
+gasp of breath was audible.
+
+For a moment she disappeared in the vitreous waters, and her white garland
+alone remained floating on the surface.
+
+Then her dress glimmered, next her arm, as the surging spring threw her
+up.
+
+Suddenly from the entire concourse rose a cry of astonishment and dismay.
+
+The young man, Æmilius Lentulus Varo, had leaped into the holy basin.
+
+Why had he so leaped? Why?
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER III
+
+                          BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON
+
+
+The chain of priests and priestesses could not restrain the mob, that
+thrust forward to the great basin, to see the result.
+
+Exclamations of every description rose from the throng.
+
+“He fell in!”
+
+“Nay, he cast himself in. The god will withdraw the holy waters. It was
+impious. The fountain is polluted.”
+
+“Was it not defiled when a dead tom‐cat was found in it? Yet the fountain
+ceased not to flow.”
+
+“The maiden floats!”
+
+“Why should the god pick out the handsomest girl? His blood is ice‐cold.
+She is not a morsel for him,” scoffed a red‐faced senator.
+
+“He rises! He is swimming.”
+
+“He has grappled the damsel.”
+
+“He is striking out! Bene! Bene!”
+
+“Encourage not the sacrilegious one! Thou makest thyself partaker in his
+impiety!”
+
+“What will the magistrates do?”
+
+“Do! Coil up like wood‐lice, and uncurl only when all is forgotten.”
+
+“He is a Christian.”
+
+“His father was a philosopher. He swears by the gods.”
+
+“He is an atheist.”
+
+“See! See! He is sustaining her head.”
+
+“She is not dead; she gasps.”
+
+“Body of Bacchus! how the water boils. The god is wroth.”
+
+“Bah! It boils no more now than it did yesterday.”
+
+In the ice‐green water could be seen the young man with nervous arms
+striking out. He held up the girl with one arm. The swell of the rising
+volumes of water greatly facilitated his efforts. Indeed the upsurging
+flood had such force, that to die by drowning in it was a death by inches,
+for as often as a body went beneath the surface, it was again propelled
+upwards.
+
+In a minute he was at the breastwork, had one hand on it, then called:
+“Help, some one, to lift her out!”
+
+Thereupon the man clothed in brown wool put down his arms, clasped the
+half‐conscious girl and raised her from the water. Callipodius assisted,
+and between them she was lifted out of the basin. The priests and
+priestesses remonstrated with loud cries. But some of the spectators
+cheered. A considerable portion of the men ranged themselves beside the
+two who had the girl in their arms, and prevented the ministers of
+Nemausus from recovering Perpetua from the hands of her rescuers.
+
+The men of the upper town—Greek colonists, or their descendants—looked
+superciliously and incredulously on the cult of the Gallic deity of the
+fountain. It was tolerated, but laughed at, as something that belonged to
+a class of citizens that was below them in standing.
+
+In another moment Æmilius Lentulus had thrown himself upon the balustrade,
+and stood facing the crowd, dripping from every limb, but with a laughing
+countenance.
+
+Seeing that the mob was swayed by differing currents of feeling and
+opinion, knowing the people with whom he had to do, he stooped, whispered
+something into the ear of Callipodius; then, folding his arms, he looked
+smilingly around at the tossing crowd, and no sooner did he see his
+opportunity than, unclasping his arms, he assumed the attitude of an
+orator, and cried:
+
+“Men and brethren of the good city of Nemausus! I marvel at ye, that ye
+dare to set at naught the laws of imperial and eternal Rome. Are ye not
+aware that the god Claudius issued an edict with special application to
+Gaul, that forever forbade human sacrifices? Has that edict been
+withdrawn? I have myself seen and read it graven in brass on the steps of
+the Capitoline Hill at Rome. So long as that law stands unrepealed ye are
+transgressors.”
+
+“The edict has fallen into desuetude, and desuetude abrogates a law!”
+called one man.
+
+“Is it so? How many have suffered under Nero, under Caius, because they
+transgressed laws long forgotten? Let some one inform against the
+priesthood of Nemausus and carry the case to Rome.”
+
+A stillness fell on the assembly. The priests looked at one another.
+
+“But see!” continued Æmilius, “I call you to witness this day. The god
+himself rejects such illegal offerings. Did you not perceive how he
+spurned the virgin from him when ye did impiously cast her into his holy
+urn? Does he not sustain life with his waters, and not destroy it? Had he
+desired the sacrifice then would he have gulped it down, and you would
+have seen the maiden no more. Not so! He rejected her; with his watery
+arms he repelled her. Every crystal wave he cast up was a rejection. I saw
+it, and I leaped in to deliver the god from the mortal flesh that he
+refused. I appeal to you all again. To whom did the silver image cast the
+apple? Was it to the maiden destined to die? Nay, verily, it was to her
+who was to live. The golden pippin was a fruit of life, whereby he
+designated such as he willed to live. Therefore, I say that the god loveth
+life and not death. Friends and citizens of Nemausus, ye have transgressed
+the law, and ye have violated the will of the divine Archegos who founded
+our city and by whose largess of water we live.”
+
+Then one in the crowd shouted: “There is a virgin cast yearly from the
+bridge over the Rhodanus at Avenio.”
+
+“Aye! and much doth that advantage the bridge and the city. Did not the
+floods last November carry away an arch and inundate an entire quarter of
+the town? Was the divine river forgetful that he had received his
+obligation, or was he ungrateful for the favor? Naught that is godlike can
+be either.”
+
+“He demanded another life.”
+
+“Nay! He was indignant that the fools of Avenio should continue to treat
+him as though he were a wild beast that had to be glutted, and not as a
+god. All you parents that fear for your children! Some of you have already
+lost your daughters, and have trembled for them; combine, and with one
+voice proclaim that you will no more suffer this. Look to the urn of the
+divine Nemausus. See how evenly the ripples run. Dip your fingers in the
+water and feel how passionless it is. Has he blown forth a blast of
+seething water and steam like the hot springs of Aquæ Sextiæ? Has his
+fountain clouded with anger? Was the god powerless to avenge the act when
+I plunged in? If he had desired the death of the maiden would he have
+suffered me, a mortal, to pluck her from his gelid lips? Make room on
+Olympus, O ye gods, and prepare a throne for Common Sense, and let her
+have domain over the minds of men.”
+
+“There is no such god,” called one in the crowd.
+
+“Ye know her not, so besotted are ye.”
+
+“He blasphemes, he mocks the holy and immortal ones.”
+
+“It is ye who mock them when ye make of them as great clowns as
+yourselves. The true eternal gods laugh to hear me speak the truth. Look
+at the sun. Look at the water, with its many twinkling smiles. The gods
+approve.”
+
+Whilst the young man thus harangued and amused the populace, Baudillas and
+Quincta, assisted by two female slaves of the latter, removed the
+drenched, dripping, and half‐drowned girl. They bore her with the utmost
+dispatch out of the crowd down a sidewalk of the city gardens to a bench,
+on which they laid her, till she had sufficiently recovered to open her
+eyes and recognize those who surrounded her.
+
+Then said the widow to one of the servants: “Run, Petronella, and bid the
+steward send porters with a litter. We must convey Perpetua as speedily as
+possible from hence, lest there be a riot, and the ministers of the devil
+stir up the people to insist upon again casting her into the water.”
+
+“By your leave, lady,” said Baudillas, “I would advise that, at first, she
+should not be conveyed to your house, but to mine. It is probable, should
+that happen which you fear, that the populace may make a rush to your
+dwelling, in their attempt to get hold of the lady, your daughter. It were
+well that she remained for a while concealed in my house. Send for the
+porters to bring the litter later, when falls the night.”
+
+“You are right,” said Quincta. “It shall be so.”
+
+“As in the Acts of the Blessed Apostles it is related that the craftsmen
+who lived by making silver shrines for Diana stirred up the people of
+Ephesus, so may it be now. There are many who get their living by the old
+religion, many whose position and influence depend on its maintenance, and
+such will not lightly allow a slight to be cast on their superstitions
+like as has been offered this day. But by evenfall we shall know the humor
+of the people. Young lady, lean on my arm and let me conduct thee to my
+lodging. Thou canst there abide till it is safe for thee to depart.”
+
+Then the brown‐habited man took the maiden’s arm.
+
+Baudillas was a deacon of the Church in Nemausus—a man somewhat advanced
+in life. His humility, and, perhaps, also his lack of scholarship,
+prevented his aspiring to a higher office; moreover, he was an admirable
+minister of the Church as deacon, at a period when the office was mainly
+one of keeping the registers of the sick and poor, and of distributing
+alms among such as were in need.
+
+The deacon was the treasurer of the Church, and he was a man selected for
+his business habits and practical turn of mind. By his office he was more
+concerned with the material than the spiritual distresses of men.
+Nevertheless, he was of the utmost value to the bishops and presbyters,
+for he was their feeler, groping among the poorest, entering into the
+worst haunts of misery and vice, quick to detect tokens of desire for
+better things, and ready to make use of every opening for giving
+rudimentary instruction.
+
+Those who occupied the higher grades in the Church, even at this early
+period, were, for the most part, selected from the cultured and noble
+classes; not that the Church had respect of persons, but because of the
+need there was of possessing men who could penetrate into the best houses,
+and who, being related to the governing classes, might influence the upper
+strata of society, as well as that which was below. The great houses with
+their families of slaves in the city, and of servile laborers on their
+estates, possessed vast influence for good or evil. A believing master
+could flood a whole population that depended on him with light, and was
+certain to treat his slaves with Christian humanity. On the other hand, it
+occasionally happened that it was through a poor slave that the truth
+reached the heart of a master or mistress.
+
+Baudillas led the girl, now shivering with cold, from the garden, and
+speedily reached a narrow street. Here the houses on each side were lofty,
+unadorned, and had windows only in the upper stories, arched with brick
+and unglazed. In cold weather they were closed with shutters.
+
+The pavement of the street was of cobble‐stones and rough. No one was
+visible; no sound issued from the houses, save only from one whence came
+the rattle of a loom; and a dog chained at a door barked furiously as the
+little party went by.
+
+“This is the house,” said Baudillas, and he struck against a door.
+
+After some waiting a bar was withdrawn within, and the door, that
+consisted of two valves, was opened by an old, slightly lame slave.
+
+“Pedo,” said the deacon, “has all been well?”
+
+“All is well, master,” answered the man.
+
+“Enter, ladies,” said Baudillas. “My house is humble and out of repair,
+but it was once notable. Enter and rest you awhile. I will bid Pedo search
+for a change of garments for Perpetua.”
+
+“Hark,” exclaimed Quincta, “I hear a sound like the roar of the sea.”
+
+“It is the voice of the people. It is a roar like that for blood, that
+goes up from the amphitheater.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER IV
+
+                             THE UTRICULARES
+
+
+The singular transformation that had taken place in the presiding deity of
+the fountain, from being a nymph into a male god, had not been
+sufficiently complete to alter the worship of the deity. As in the days of
+Druidism, the sacred source was under the charge of priestesses, and
+although, with the change of sex of the deity, priests had been appointed
+to the temple, yet they were few, and occupied a position of subordination
+to the chief priestess. She was a woman of sagacity and knowledge of human
+nature. She perceived immediately how critical was the situation. If
+Æmilius Lentulus were allowed to proceed with his speech he would draw to
+him the excitable Southern minds, and it was quite possible might provoke
+a tumult in which the temple would be wrecked. At the least, his words
+would serve to chill popular devotion.
+
+The period when Christianity began to radiate through the Roman world was
+one when the traditional paganism with its associated rights, that had
+contented a simpler age, had lost its hold on the thoughtful and cultured.
+Those who were esteemed the leaders of society mocked at religion, and
+although they conformed to its ceremonial, did so with ill‐disguised
+contempt. At their tables, before their slaves, they laughed at the sacred
+myths related of the gods, as absurd and indecent, and the slaves thought
+it became them to affect the same incredulity as their masters. Sober
+thinkers endeavored to save some form of religion by explaining away the
+monstrous legends, and attributing them to the wayward imagination of
+poets. The existence of the gods they admitted, but argued that the gods
+were the unintelligent and blind forces of nature; or that, if rational,
+they stood apart in cold exclusiveness and cared naught for mankind. Many
+threw themselves into a position of agnosticism. They professed to believe
+in nothing but what their senses assured them did exist, and asserted that
+as there was no evidence to warrant them in declaring that there were
+gods, they could not believe in them; that moreover, as there was no
+revelation of a moral law, there existed no distinction between right and
+wrong. Therefore, the only workable maxim on which to rule life was: “Let
+us eat and drink, for to‐morrow we may die.”
+
+Over all men hung the threatening cloud of death. All must undergo the
+waning of the vital powers, the failure of health, the withering of
+beauty, the loss of appetite for the pleasure of life, or if not the loss
+of appetite, at least the faculty for enjoyment.
+
+There was no shaking off the oppressive burden, no escape from the
+gathering shadow. Yet, just as those on the edge of a precipice throw
+themselves over, through giddiness, so did men rush on self‐destruction in
+startling numbers and with levity, because weary of life, and these were
+precisely such as had enjoyed wealth to the full and had run through the
+whole gamut of pleasures.
+
+What happened after death? Was there any continuance of existence?
+
+Men craved to know. They felt that life was too brief altogether for the
+satisfaction of the aspirations of their souls. They ran from one pleasure
+to another without filling the void within.
+
+Consequently, having lost faith in the traditional religion—it was not a
+creed—itself a composite out of some Latin, some Etruscan, and some Greek
+myth and cult, they looked elsewhere for what they required. Consciences,
+agonized by remorse, sought expiation in secret mysteries, only to find
+that they afforded no relief at all. Minds craving after faith plunged
+into philosophic speculations that led to nothing but unsolved eternal
+query. Souls hungering, thirsting after God the Ideal of all that is Holy
+and pure and lovable, adopted the strange religions imported from the East
+and South; some became votaries of the Egyptian Isis and Serapis, others
+of the Persian Mithras—all to find that they had pursued bubbles.
+
+In the midst of this general disturbance of old ideas, in the midst of a
+widespread despair, Christianity flashed forth and offered what was
+desired by the earnest, the thoughtful, the down‐trodden and the
+conscience‐stricken—a revelation made by the Father of Spirits as to what
+is the destiny of man, what is the law of right and wrong, what is in
+store for those who obey the law; how also pardon might be obtained for
+transgression, and grace to restore fallen humanity.
+
+Christianity meeting a wide‐felt want spread rapidly, not only among the
+poor and oppressed, but extensively among the cultured and the noble. All
+connected by interest, or prejudiced by association with the dominant and
+established paganism, were uneasy and alarmed. The traditional religion
+was honeycombed and tottering to its fall, and how it was to be revived
+they knew not. That it would be supplanted by the new faith in Christ was
+what they feared.
+
+The chief priestess of Nemausus knew that in the then condition of minds
+an act of overt defiance might lead to a very general apostasy. It was to
+her of sovereign importance to arrest the movement at once, to silence
+Æmilius, to have him punished for his act of sacrilege, and to recover
+possession of Perpetua.
+
+She snatched the golden apple from the hand of the image, and, giving it
+to an attendant, said: “Run everywhere; touch and summon the Cultores
+Nemausi.”
+
+The girl did as commanded. She sped among the crowd, and, with the pippin,
+touched one, then another, calling: “Worshippers of Nemausus, to the aid
+of the god!”
+
+The result was manifest at once. It was as though an electrical shock had
+passed through the multitude. Those touched and those who had heard the
+summons at once disengaged themselves from the crush, drew together, and
+ceased to express their individual opinions. Indeed, such as had
+previously applauded the sentiments of Æmilius, now assumed an attitude of
+disapprobation.
+
+Rapidly men rallied about the white‐robed priestesses, who surrounded the
+silver image.
+
+To understand what was taking place it is necessary that a few words
+should be given in explanation.
+
+The Roman population of the towns—not in Italy only, but in all the
+Romanized provinces, banded itself in colleges or societies very much like
+our benefit clubs. Those guilds were very generally under the invocation
+of some god or goddess, and those who belonged to them were entitled
+“Cultores” or worshippers of such or such a deity. These clubs had their
+secretaries and treasurers, their places of meeting, their common chests,
+their feasts, and their several constitutions. Each society made provision
+for its members in time of sickness, and furnished a dignified funeral in
+the club Columbarium, after which all sat down to a funeral banquet in the
+supper room attached to the cemetery. These colleges or guilds enjoyed
+great privileges, and were protected by the law.
+
+At a time when a political career was closed to all but such as belonged
+to the governing class, the affairs of these clubs engrossed the attention
+of the members and evoked great rivalry and controversies. One admirable
+effect of the clubs was the development of a spirit of fellowship among
+the members, and another was that it tended in a measure to break down
+class exclusiveness. Men of rank and wealth, aware of the power exercised
+by these guilds, eagerly accepted the offices of patron to them, though
+the clubs might be those of cord‐wainers, armorers or sailmakers. And
+those who were ordinary members of a guild regarded their patrons with
+affection and loyalty. Now that the signal had been sent round to rally
+the Cultores Nemausi, every member forgot his private feeling, sank his
+individual opinion, and fell into rank with his fellows, united in one
+common object—the maintenance by every available man, and at every
+sacrifice, of the respect due to the god.
+
+These Cultores Nemausi at once formed into organized bodies under their
+several officers, in face of a confused crowd that drifted hither and
+thither without purpose and without cohesion.
+
+Æmilius found himself no longer hearkened to. To him this was a matter of
+no concern. He had sought to engage attention only so as to withdraw it
+from Perpetua and leave opportunity for her friends to remove her.
+
+Now that this object was attained, he laughingly leaped from the
+balustrade and made as though he was about to return home.
+
+But at once the chief priestess saw his object, and cried: “Seize him! He
+blasphemes the god, founder of the city. He would destroy the college. Let
+him be conveyed into the temple, that the Holy One may there deal with him
+as he wills.”
+
+The Prefect of Police, whose duty it was to keep order, now advanced with
+the few men he had deemed necessary to bring with him, and he said in
+peremptory tone:
+
+“We can suffer no violence. If he has transgressed the law, let him be
+impeached.”
+
+“Sir,” answered the priestess, “we will use no violence. He has insulted
+the majesty of the god. He has snatched from him his destined and devoted
+victim. Yet we meditate no severe reprisals. All I seek is that he may be
+brought into the presence of the god in the adytum, where is a table
+spread with cakes. Let him there sprinkle incense on the fire and eat of
+the cakes. Then he shall go free. If the god be wroth, he will manifest
+his indignation. But if, as I doubt not, he be placable, then shall this
+man depart unmolested.”
+
+“Against this I have naught to advance,” said the prefect.
+
+But one standing by whispered him: “Those cakes are not to be trusted. I
+have heard of one who ate and fell down in convulsions after eating.”
+
+“That is a matter between the god and Æmilius Varo. I have done my duty.”
+
+Then the confraternity of the Cultores Nemausi spread itself so as to
+encircle the place and include Æmilius, barring every passage. He might,
+doubtless, have escaped had he taken to his heels at the first summons of
+the club to congregate, but he had desired to occupy the attention of the
+people as long as possible, and it did not comport with his self‐respect
+to run from danger.
+
+Throwing over him the toga which he had cast aside when he leaped into the
+pond, he thrust one hand into his bosom and leisurely strode through the
+crowd, waving them aside with the other hand, till he stopped by the
+living barrier of the worshippers of Nemausus.
+
+“You cannot pass, sir,” said the captain of that party which intercepted
+his exit. “The chief priestess hath ordered that thou appear before the
+god in his cella and then do worship and submit thyself to his will.”
+
+“And how is that will to be declared?” asked the young man, jestingly.
+
+“Sir! thou must eat one of the dedicated placenta.”
+
+“I have heard of these same cakes and have no stomach for them.”
+
+“Nevertheless eat thou must.”
+
+“What if I will not?”
+
+“Then constraint will be used. The prefect has given his consent. Who is
+to deliver thee?”
+
+“Who! Here come my deliverers!”
+
+A tramp of feet was audible.
+
+Instantly Æmilius ran back to the balustrade, leaped upon it, and, waving
+his arm, shouted:
+
+“To my aid, Utriculares! But use no violence.”
+
+Instantly with a shout a dense body of men that had rolled into the
+gardens dashed itself against the ring of Cultores Nemausi. They
+brandished marlin spikes and oars to which were attached inflated goat‐
+skins and bladders. These they whirled around their heads and with them
+they smote to the left and to the right. The distended skins clashed
+against such as stood in opposition, and sent them reeling backward;
+whereat the lusty men wielding the wind‐bags thrust their way as a wedge
+through their ranks. The worshippers of Nemausus swore, screamed,
+remonstrated, but were unable to withstand the onslaught. They were beaten
+back and dispersed by the whirling bladders.
+
+The general mob roared with laughter and cheered the boatmen who formed
+the attacking party. Cries of “Well done, Utriculares! That is a fine
+delivery, Wind‐bag‐men! Ha, ha! A hundred to five on the Utriculares! You
+are come in the nick of time, afore your patron was made to nibble the
+poisoned cakes.”
+
+The men armed with air‐distended skins did harm to none. Their weapons
+were calculated to alarm and not to injure. To be banged in the face with
+a bladder was almost as disconcerting as to be smitten with a cudgel, but
+it left no bruise, it broke no bone, and the man sent staggering by a
+wind‐bag was received in the arms of those in rear with jibe or laugh and
+elicited no compassion.
+
+The Utriculares speedily reached Æmilius, gave vent to a cheer; they
+lifted him on their shoulders, and, swinging the inflated skins and
+shouting, marched off, out of the gardens, through the Forum, down the
+main street of the lower town unmolested, under the conduct of
+Callipodius.
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER V
+
+                               THE LAGOONS
+
+
+The men who carried and surrounded Æmilius proceeded in rapid march,
+chanting a rhythmic song, through the town till they emerged on a sort of
+quay beside a wide‐spreading shallow lagoon. Here were moored numerous
+rafts.
+
+“Now, sir,” said one of the men, as Æmilius leaped to the ground, “if you
+will take my advice, you will allow us to convey you at once to Arelate.
+This is hardly a safe place for you at present.”
+
+“I must thank you all, my gallant fellows, for your timely aid. But for
+you I should have been forced to eat of the dedicated cakes, and such as
+are out of favor with the god—or, rather, with the priesthood that lives
+by him, as cockroaches and black beetles by the baker—such are liable to
+get stomach aches, which same stomach aches convey into the land where are
+no aches and pains. I thank you all.”
+
+“Nay, sir, we did our duty. Are not you patron of the Utriculares?”
+
+“I am your patron assuredly, as you did me the honor to elect me. If I
+have lacked zeal to do you service in time past, henceforward be well
+assured I will devote my best energies to your cause.”
+
+“We are beholden to you, sir.”
+
+“I to you—the rather.”
+
+Perhaps the reader will desire to understand who the wind‐bag men were who
+had hurried to the rescue of Æmilius. For the comprehension of this
+particular, something must be said relative to the physical character of
+the country.
+
+The mighty Rhône that receives the melted snows of the southern slope of
+the Bernese Oberland and the northern incline of the opposed Pennine Alps
+receives also the drain of the western side of the Jura, as well as that
+of the Graian and Cottian Alps. The Durance pours in its auxiliary flood
+below Avignon.
+
+After a rapid thaw of snow, or the breaking of charged rain clouds on the
+mountains, these rivers increase in volume, and as the banks of the Rhône
+below the junction of the Durance and St. Raphael are low, it overflows
+and spreads through the flat alluvial delta. It would be more exact to say
+that it was wont to overflow, rather than that it does so now. For at
+present, owing to the embankments thrown up and maintained at enormous
+cost, the Rhône can only occasionally submerge the low‐lying land, whereas
+anciently such floods were periodical and as surely expected as those of
+the Nile.
+
+The overflowing Rhône formed a vast region of lagoons that extended from
+Tarascon and Beaucaire to the Gulf of Lyons, and spread laterally over the
+Crau on one side to Nîmes on the other. Nîmes itself stood on its own
+river, the Vistre, but this fed marshes and “broads” that were connected
+with the tangle of lagoons formed by the Rhône.
+
+Arelate, the great emporium of the trade between Gaul and Italy, occupied
+a rocky islet in the midst of water that extended as far as the eye could
+reach. This tract of submerged land was some sixty miles in breadth by
+forty in depth, was sown with islets of more or less elevation and extent.
+Some were bold, rocky eminences, others were mere rubble and sand‐banks
+formed by the river. Arelate or Arles was accessible by vessels up and
+down the river or by rafts that plied the lagoons, and by the canal
+constructed by Marius, that traversed them from Fossoe Marino. As the
+canal was not deep, and as the current of the river was strong, ships were
+often unable to ascend to the city through these arteries, and had to
+discharge their merchandise on the coast upon rafts that conveyed it to
+the great town, and when the floods permitted, carried much to Nemausus.
+
+As the sheets of water were in places and at periods shallow, the rafts
+were made buoyant, though heavily laden, by means of inflated skins and
+bladders placed beneath them.
+
+As the conveyance of merchandise engaged a prodigious number of persons,
+the raftsmen had organized themselves into the guild of Utriculares, or
+Wind‐bag men, and as they became not infrequently involved in contests
+with those whose interests they crossed, and on whose privileges they
+infringed, they enlisted the aid of lawyers to act as their patrons, to
+bully their enemies, and to fight their battles against assailants. Among
+the numerous classic monumental inscriptions that remain in Provence,
+there are many in which a man of position is proud to have it recorded
+that he was an honorary member of the club of the inflated‐skin men.
+
+Nemausus owed much of its prosperity to the fact that it was the trade
+center for wool and for skins. The Cevennes and the great limestone
+plateaux that abut upon them nourished countless herds of goats and flocks
+of sheep, and the dress of everyone at the period being of wool the demand
+for fleeces was great; consequently vast quantities of wool were brought
+from the mountains of Nîmes, whence it was floated away on rafts sustained
+by the skins that came from the same quarter.
+
+The archipelago that studded the fresh‐water sea was inhabited by
+fishermen, and these engaged in the raft‐carriage. The district presented
+a singular contrast of high culture and barbarism. In Arles, Nîmes,
+Narbonne there was a Greek element. There was here and there an infusion
+of Phœnician blood. The main body of the people consisted of the dusky
+Ligurians, who had almost entirely lost their language, and had adopted
+that of their Gaulish conquerors, the Volex. These latter were
+distinguished by their fair hair, their clear complexions, their stalwart
+frames. Another element in the composite mass was that of the colonists.
+After the battle of Actium, Augustus had rewarded his Egypto‐Greek
+auxiliaries by planting them at Nemausus, and giving them half the estates
+of the Gaulish nobility. To these Greeks were added Roman merchants,
+round‐headed, matter‐of‐fact looking men, destitute of imagination, but
+full of practical sense.
+
+These incongruous elements that in the lapse of centuries have been fused,
+were, at the time of this tale, fairly distinct.
+
+“You are in the right, my friends,” said Æmilius. “The kiln is heated too
+hot for comfort. It would roast me. I will go even to Arelate, if you will
+be good enough to convey me thither.”
+
+“With the greatest of pleasure, sir.”
+
+Æmilius had an office at Arles. He was a lawyer, but his headquarters were
+at Nemausus, to which town he belonged by birth. He represented a good
+family, and was descended from one of the colonists under Agrippa and
+Augustus. His father was dead, and though he was not wealthy, he was well
+off, and possessed a villa and estates on the mountain sides, at some
+distance from the town. In the heats of summer he retired to his villa.
+
+On this day of March there had been a considerable gathering of raftsmen
+at Nemausus, who had utilized the swollen waters in the lagoons for the
+conveyance of merchandise.
+
+Æmilius stepped upon a raft that seemed to be poised on bubbles, so light
+was it on the surface of the water, and the men at once thrust from land
+with their poles.
+
+The bottom was everywhere visible, owing to the whiteness of the limestone
+pebbles and the sand that composed it, and through the water darted
+innumerable fish. The liquid element was clear. Neither the Vistre nor the
+stream from the fountain brought down any mud, and the turbid Rhône had
+deposited all its sediment before its waters reached and mingled with
+those that flowed from the Cebennæ. There was no perceptible current. The
+weeds under water were still, and the only thing in motion were the
+darting fish.
+
+The raftmen were small, nimble fellows, with dark hair, dark eyes and
+pleasant faces. They laughed and chatted with each other over the incident
+of the rescue of their patron, but it was in their own dialect,
+unintelligible to Æmilius, to whom they spoke in broken Latin, in which
+were mingled Greek words.
+
+Now and then they burst simultaneously into a wailing chant, and then
+interrupted their song to laugh and gesticulate and mimic those who had
+been knocked over by their wind‐bags.
+
+As Æmilius did not understand their conversation and their antics did not
+amuse him, he lay on the raft upon a wolfskin that had been spread over
+the timber, looking dreamily into the water and at the white golden
+flowers of the floating weeds through which the raft was impelled. The
+ripples caused by the displacement of the water caught and flashed the sun
+in his eyes like lightning.
+
+His mind reverted to what had taken place, but unlike the raftmen he did
+not consider it from its humorous side. He wondered at himself for the
+active part he had taken. He wondered at himself for having acted without
+premeditation. Why had he interfered to save the life of a girl whom he
+had not known even by name? Why had he been so indiscreet as to involve
+himself in a quarrel with his fellow‐citizens in a matter in no way
+concerning him? What had impelled him so rashly to bring down on himself
+the resentment of an influential and powerful body?
+
+The youth of Rome and of the Romanized provinces was at the time of the
+empire very blasé. It enjoyed life early, and wearied rapidly of pleasure.
+It became skeptical as to virtue, and looked on the world of men with
+cynical contempt. It was selfish, sensual, cruel. But in Æmilius there was
+something nobler than what existed in most; the perception of what was
+good and true was not dead in him; it had slept. And now the face of
+Perpetua looked up at him out of the water. Was it her beauty that had so
+attracted him as to make him for a moment mad and cast his cynicism aside,
+as the butterfly throws away the chrysalis from which it breaks? No,
+beautiful indeed she was, but there was in her face something
+inexpressible, undefinable, even mentally; something conceivable in a
+goddess, an aura from another world, an emanation from Olympus. It was
+nothing that was subject to the rule. It was not due to proportion; it
+could be seized by neither painter nor sculptor. What was it? That puzzled
+him. He had been fascinated, lifted out of his base and selfish self to
+risk his life to do a generous, a noble act. He was incapable of
+explaining to himself what had wrought this sudden change in him.
+
+He thought over all that had taken place. How marvelous had been the
+serenity with which Perpetua had faced death! How ready she was to cast
+away life when life was in its prime and the world with all its pleasures
+was opening before her! He could not understand this. He had seen men die
+in the arena, but never thus. What had given the girl that look, as though
+a light within shone through her features? What was there in her that made
+him feel that to think of her, save with reverence, was to commit a
+sacrilege?
+
+In the heart of Æmilius there was, though he knew it not, something of
+that same spirit which pervaded the best of men and the deepest thinkers
+in that decaying, corrupt old world. All had acquired a disbelief in
+virtue because they nowhere encountered it, and yet all were animated with
+a passionate longing for it as the ideal, perhaps the unattainable, but
+that which alone could make life really happy.
+
+It was this which disturbed the dainty epicureanism of Horace, which gave
+verjuice to the cynicism of Juvenal, which roused the savage bitterness of
+Perseus. More markedly still, the craving after this better life, on what
+based, he could not conjecture, filled the pastoral mind of Virgil, and
+almost with a prophet’s fire, certainly with an aching desire, he sang of
+the coming time when the vestiges of ancient fraud would be swept away and
+the light of a better day, a day of truth and goodness would break on the
+tear‐ and blood‐stained world.
+
+And now this dim groping after what was better than he had seen; this
+inarticulate yearning after something higher than the sordid round of
+pleasure; this innate assurance that to man there is an ideal of spiritual
+loveliness and perfection to which he can attain if shown the way—all this
+now had found expression in the almost involuntary plunge into the
+Nemausean pool. He had seen the ideal, and he had broken with the regnant
+paganism to reach and rescue it.
+
+“What, my Æmilius! like Narcissus adoring thine incomparable self in the
+water!”
+
+The young lawyer started, and an expression of annoyance swept over his
+face. The voice was that of Callipodius.
+
+“Oh, my good friend,” answered Æmilius, “I was otherwise engaged with my
+thoughts than in thinking of my poor self.”
+
+“Poor! with so many hides of land, vineyards and sheep‐walks and olive
+groves! Aye, and with a flourishing business, and the possession of a
+matchless country residence at Ad Fines.”
+
+“Callipodius,” said the patron, “thou art a worthy creature, and lackest
+but one thing to make thee excellent.”
+
+“And what is that?”
+
+“Bread made without salt is insipid, and conversation seasoned with
+flattery nauseates. I have heard of a slave who was smeared with honey and
+exposed on a cross to wasps. When thou addressest me I seem to feel as
+though thou wast dabbing honey over me.”
+
+“My Æmilius! But where would you find wasps to sting you?”
+
+“Oh! they are ready and eager—and I am flying them—all the votaries of
+Nemausus thou hast seen this day. As thou lovest me, leave me to myself,
+to rest. I am heavy with sleep, and the sun is hot.”
+
+“Ah! dreamer that thou art. I know that thou art thinking of the fair
+Perpetua, that worshiper of an——”
+
+“Cease; I will not hear this.” Æmilius made an angry gesture. Then he
+started up and struck at his brow. “By Hercules! I am a coward, flying,
+flying, when she is in extreme peril. Where is she now? Maybe those
+savages, those fools, are hunting after her to cast her again into the
+basin, or to thrust poisoned cakes into her mouth. By the Sacred Twins! I
+am doing that which is unworthy of me—that for which I could never
+condone. I am leaving the feeble and the helpless, unassisted, unprotected
+in extremity of danger. Thrust back, my good men! Thrust back! I cannot to
+Arelate. I must again to Nemausus!”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER VI
+
+                          THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE
+
+
+Æmilius had sprung to his feet and called to the men to cease punting.
+They rested on their poles, awaiting further instructions, and the impetus
+given to the raft carried it among some yellow flags and rushes.
+
+Callipodius said: “I mostly admire the splendor of your intellect, that
+shines forth with solar effulgence. But there are seasons when the sun is
+eclipsed or obscured, and such is this with thee. Surely thou dost not
+contemplate a return to Nemausus to risk thy life without being in any way
+able to assist the damsel. Consider, moreover—is it worth it—for a girl?”
+
+“Callipodius,” said the young lawyer in a tone of vehemence, “I cannot fly
+and place myself in security and leave her exposed to the most dreadful
+danger. I did my work by half only. What I did was unpremeditated, but
+that done must be made a complete whole. When I undertake anything it is
+my way to carry it out to a fair issue.”
+
+“That is true enough and worthy of your excellent qualities of heart and
+mind. But you know nothing of this wench, and be she all that you imagine,
+what is a woman that for her you should jeopardize your little finger?
+Besides, her mother and kinsfolk will hardly desire your aid, will
+certainly not invoke it.”
+
+“Why not?”
+
+Callipodius shrugged his shoulders. “You are a man of the world—a votary
+of pleasure, and these people are Christians. They will do their utmost
+for her. They hang together as a swarm of bees.”
+
+“Who and what are these people—this mother and her kinsfolk?”
+
+“I know little about them. They occupy a house in the lower town, and that
+tells its own tale. They do not belong to the quality to which you belong.
+The girl has been reputed beautiful, and many light fellows have sought to
+see and have words with her. But she is so zealously guarded, and is
+herself so retiring and modest that they have encountered only rebuff and
+disappointment.”
+
+“I must return. I will know for certain that she is in safety. Methinks no
+sooner were they balked of me than they would direct all their efforts to
+secure her.”
+
+“You shall not go back to Nemausus. You would but jeopardize your own
+valuable life without the possibility of assisting her; nay, rather
+wouldst thou direct attention to her. Leave the matter with me and trust
+my devotion to thine interests.”
+
+“I must learn tidings of her. I shall not rest till assured that she is
+out of danger. By the infernal gods, Callipodius, I know not what is come
+upon me, but I feel that if ill befall her, I could throw myself on a
+sword and welcome death, life having lost to me all value.”
+
+“Then I tell thee this, most resolute of men,” said Callipodius, “I will
+return to the town. My nothingness will pass unquestioned. Thou shalt
+tarry at the house of Flavillus yonder on the promontory. He is a timber
+merchant, and the place is clean. The woman bears a good name, and, what
+is better, can cook well. The house is poor and undeserving of the honor
+of receiving so distinguished a person as thyself; but if thou wilt
+condescend——”
+
+“Enough. I will do as thou advisest. And, oh, friend, be speedy, relieve
+my anxiety and be true as thou dost value my esteem.”
+
+Then Æmilius signed to the raftmen to put him ashore at the landing place
+to the timber yard of Flavillus.
+
+Having landed he mounted a slight ascent to a cottage that was surrounded
+by piles of wood—of oak, chestnut, pine and olive. Flavillus was a
+merchant on a small scale, but a man of energy and industry. He dealt with
+the natives of the Cebennæ, and bought the timber they felled, conveyed it
+to his stores, whence it was distributed to the towns in the neighborhood;
+and supplies were furnished to the shipbuilders at Arelate.
+
+The merchant was now away, but his wife received Æmilius with deference.
+She had heard his name from the raftmen, and was acquainted with
+Callipodius, a word from whom sufficed as an introduction.
+
+She apologized because her house was small, as also because her mother,
+then with her, was at the point of death from old age, not from any fever
+or other disorder. If Æmilius Lentulus, under the circumstances, would
+pardon imperfection in attendance, she would gladly extend to him such
+hospitality as she could offer. Æmilius would have gone elsewhere, but
+that the only other house he could think of that was near was a tavern,
+then crowded by Utriculares, who occupied every corner. He was sorry to
+inconvenience the woman, yet accepted her offer. The period was not one in
+which much consideration was shown to those in a lower grade. The citizens
+and nobles held that their inferiors existed for their convenience only.
+Æmilius shared in the ideas of his time and class, but he had sufficient
+natural delicacy to make him reluctant to intrude where his presence was
+necessarily irksome. Nevertheless, as there was no other place to which he
+could go, he put aside this feeling of hesitation.
+
+The house was small, and was constructed of wood upon a stone basement.
+The partitions between the rooms were of split planks, and the joints were
+in places open, and knots had come out, so that what passed in one
+apartment was audible, and, to some extent, visible in another. A bedroom
+in a Roman house was a mere closet, furnished with a bed only. All washing
+was done at the baths, not in the house. The room had no window, only a
+door over which hung a curtain.
+
+Æmilius divested himself of his wet garment and gave it to his hostess to
+dry, then wrapped himself in his toga and awaited supper.
+
+The meal was prepared as speedily as might be. It consisted of eggs, eels,
+with melon, and apples of last year. Wine was abundant, and so was oil.
+
+When he had eaten and was refreshed, moved by a kindly thought Æmilius
+asked if he might see the sick mother. His hostess at once conducted him
+to her apartment, and he stood by the old woman’s bed. The evening sun
+shone in at the door, where stood the daughter holding back the curtain,
+and lighted the face of the aged woman. It was thin, white and drawn. The
+eyes were large and lustrous.
+
+“I am an intruder,” said the young man, “yet I would not sleep the night
+in this house without paying my respects to the mother of my kind hostess.
+Alas! thou art one I learn who is unable to escape that which befalls all
+mortals. It is a lot evaded only by the gods, if there be any truth in the
+tales told concerning them. It must be a satisfaction to you to
+contemplate the many pleasures enjoyed in a long life, just as after an
+excellent meal we can in mind revert to it and retaste in imagination
+every course—as indeed I do with the supper so daintily furnished by my
+hostess.”
+
+“Ah, sir,” said the old woman, “on the couch of death one looks not back
+but forward.”
+
+“And that also is true,” remarked Æmilius. “What is before you but
+everything that can console the mind and gratify the ambition. With your
+excellent daughter and the timber‐yard hard by, you may calculate on a
+really handsome funeral pyre—plenty of olive wood and fragrant pine logs
+from the Cebennæ. I myself will be glad to contribute a handful of
+oriental spices to throw into the flames.”
+
+“Sir, I think not of that.”
+
+“And the numbers who will attend and the orations that will be made
+lauding your many virtues! It has struck me that one thing only is wanting
+in a funeral to make it perfectly satisfactory, and that is that the
+person consigned to the flames should be able to see the pomp and hear the
+good things said of him.”
+
+“Oh, sir, I regard not that!”
+
+“No, like a wise woman, you look beyond.”
+
+“Aye! aye!” she folded her hands and a light came into her eyes. “I look
+beyond.”
+
+“To the mausoleum and the cenotaph. Unquestionably the worthy Flavillus
+will give you a monument as handsome as his means will permit, and for
+many centuries your name will be memorialized thereon.”
+
+“Oh, sir! my poor name! what care I for that? I ask Flavillus to spend no
+money over my remains; and may my name be enshrined in the heart of my
+daughter. But—it is written elsewhere—even in Heaven.”
+
+“I hardly comprehend.”
+
+“As to what happens to the body—that is of little concern to me. I desire
+but one thing—to be dissolved, and to be with Christ.”
+
+“Ah!—so—with Christ!”
+
+Æmilius rubbed his chin.
+
+“He is my Hope. He is my Salvation. In Him I shall live. Death is
+swallowed up in Victory.”
+
+“She rambles in her talk,” said he, turning to the daughter.
+
+“Nay, sir, she is clear in her mind and dwells on the thoughts that
+comfort her.”
+
+“And that is not that she will have an expensive funeral?”
+
+“Oh, no, sir!”
+
+“Nor that she will have a commemorative cenotaph belauding her virtues?”
+
+Then the dying woman said: “I shall live—live forevermore. I have passed
+from death unto life.”
+
+Æmilius shook his head. If this was not the raving of a disordered mind,
+what could it be?
+
+He retired to his apartment.
+
+He was tired. He had nothing to occupy him, so he cast himself on his bed.
+
+Shortly he heard the voice of a man. He started and listened in the hopes
+that Callipodius had returned, but as the tones were strange to him he lay
+down again.
+
+Presently a light struck through a knot in the boards that divided his
+room from that of the dying woman. Then he heard the strange voice say:
+“Peace be to this house and to all that dwell therein.”
+
+“It is the physician,” said Æmilius to himself. “Pshaw! what can he do?
+She is dying of old age.”
+
+At first the newcomer did inquire concerning the health of the patient,
+but then rapidly passed to other matters, and these strange to the ear of
+the young lawyer. He had gathered that the old woman was a Christian; but
+of Christians he knew no more than that they were reported to worship the
+head of an ass, to devour little children, and to indulge in debauchery at
+their evening banquets.
+
+The strange man spoke to the dying woman—not of funeral and cenotaph as
+things to look forward to, but to life and immortality, to joy and rest
+from labor.
+
+“My daughter,” said the stranger, “indicate by sign that thou hearest me.
+Fortified by the most precious gift thou wilt pass out of darkness into
+light, out of sorrow into joy, from tears to gladness of heart, from where
+thou seest through a glass darkly to where thou shalt look on the face of
+Christ, the Sun of Righteousness. Though thou steppest down into the
+river, yet His cross shall be thy stay and His staff shall comfort thee.
+He goeth before to be thy guide. He standeth to be thy defence. The
+spirits of evil cannot hurt thee. The Good Shepherd will gather thee into
+His fold. The True Physician will heal all thine infirmities. As the
+second Joshua, He will lead thee out of the wilderness into the land of
+Promise. The angels of God surround thee. The light of the heavenly city
+streams over thee. Rejoice, rejoice! The night is done and the day is at
+hand. For all thy labors thou shalt be recompensed double. For all thy
+sorrows He will comfort thee. He will wipe away thy tears. He will cleanse
+thee from thy stains. He will feed thee with all thy desire. Old things
+are passed away; all things are made new. Thy heart shall laugh and
+sing—Pax!”
+
+Æmilius, looking through a chink, saw the stranger lay his hand on the
+woman’s brow. He saw how the next moment he withdrew it, and how, turning
+to her daughter, he said:
+
+“Do not lament for her. She has passed from death unto life. She sees Him,
+in whom she has believed, in whom she has hoped, whom she has loved.”
+
+And the daughter wiped her eyes.
+
+“Well,” said Æmilius to himself, “now I begin to see how these people are
+led to face death without fear. It is a pity that it should be delusion
+and mere talk. Where is the evidence that it is other? Where is the
+foundation for all this that is said?”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER VII
+
+                                OBLATIONS
+
+
+The house into which the widow lady and her daughter entered was that used
+by the Christians of Nemausus as their church. A passage led into the
+_atrium_, a quadrangular court in the midst of the house into which most
+of the rooms opened, and in the center of which was a small basin of
+water. On the marble breasting of this tank stood, in a heathen household,
+the altar to the _lares et penates_, the tutelary gods of the dwelling.
+This court was open above for the admission of light and air, and to allow
+the smoke to escape. Originally this had been the central chamber of the
+Roman house, but eventually it became a court. It was the focus of family
+life, and the altar in it represented the primitive family hearth in times
+before civilization had developed the house out of the cabin.
+
+Whoever entered a pagan household was expected, as token of respect, to
+strew a few grains of incense on the ever‐burning hearth, or to dip his
+fingers in the water basin and flip a few drops over the images. But in a
+Christian household no such altar and images of gods were to be found. A
+Christian gave great offense by refusing to comply with the generally
+received customs, and his disregard on this point of etiquette was held to
+be as indicative of boorishness and lack of graceful courtesy, as would be
+the conduct nowadays of a man who walked into a drawing‐room wearing his
+hat.
+
+Immediately opposite the entrance into the _atrium_, on the further side
+of the tank, and beyond the altar to the _lares et penates_, elevated
+above the floor of the court by two or three white‐marble steps, was a
+semicircular chamber, with elaborate mosaic floor, and the walls richly
+painted. This was the _tablinum_. The paintings represented scenes from
+heathen mythology in such houses as belonged to pagans, but in the
+dwelling of Baudillas, the deacon, the pictures that had originally
+decorated it had been plastered over, and upon this coating green vines
+had been somewhat rudely drawn, with birds of various descriptions playing
+among the foliage and pecking at the grapes.
+
+Around the wall were seats; and here, in a pagan house, the master
+received his guests. His seat was at the extremity of the apse, and was of
+white marble. When such a house was employed for Christian worship, the
+clergy occupied the seat against the wall and the bishop that of the
+master in the center. In the chord of the apse above the steps stood the
+altar, now no longer smoking nor dedicated to the _Lar pater_, but devoted
+to Him who is the Father of Spirits. But this altar was in itself
+different wholly from that which had stood by the water tank. Instead of
+being a block of marble, with a hearth on top, it consisted of a table on
+three, sometimes four, bronze legs, the slab sometimes of stone, more
+generally of wood.(1)
+
+The _tablinum_ was shut off from the hall or court, except when used for
+the reception of guests, by rich curtains running on rings upon a rod.
+These curtains were drawn back or forward during the celebration of the
+liturgy, and this has continued to form a portion of the furniture of an
+Oriental church, whether Greek, Armenian, or Syrian.
+
+In like manner the _tablinum_, with its conch‐shape termination, gave the
+type to the absidal chancel, so general everywhere except in England.
+
+On the right side of the court was the _triclinium_ or dining‐room, and
+this was employed by the early Christians for their love‐feasts.
+
+Owing to the protection extended by law to the colleges or clubs, the
+Christians sought to screen themselves from persecution by representing
+themselves as forming one of these clubs, and affecting their usages. Even
+on their tombstones they so designated themselves, “Cultores Dei,” and
+they were able to carry on their worship under the appearance of
+frequenting guild meetings. One of the notable features of such secular or
+semi‐religious societies was the convivial supper for the members,
+attended by all. The Church adopted this supper, called it Agape, but of
+course gave to it a special signification. It was made to be a symbol of
+that unity among Christians which was supposed to exist between all
+members. The supper was also a convenient means whereby the rich could
+contribute to the necessities of the poor, and was regarded as a
+fulfilment of the Lord’s command: “When thou makest a feast, call the
+poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind.”
+
+Already, in the third century, the believers who belonged to the superior
+classes had withdrawn from them, and alleged as their excuse the command:
+“When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy
+brethren, neither thy kinsman, nor thy rich neighbors.” Their actual
+reason was, however, distaste for associating with such as belonged to the
+lower orders, and from being present at scenes that were not always
+edifying.
+
+The house of Baudillas had once been of consequence, and his family one of
+position; but that had been in the early days of the colony before the
+indigenous Gaulish nobility had been ousted from every place of authority,
+and the means for enriching themselves had been drawn away by the greed of
+the conquerors. The quarter of the town in which was his mansion had
+declined in respectability. Many of the houses of the old Volcian gentry
+had been sold and converted into lodgings for artisans. In this case the
+ancestral dwelling remained in the possession of the last representative
+of the family, but it was out of repair, and the owner was poor.
+
+“I hardly know what should be done,” said Baudillas to himself, rather
+than to the ladies he was escorting. “The Church has been enjoined to
+assemble this afternoon for the Agape, and our bishop, Castor, is absent
+at this critical juncture. He has gone on a pastoral round, taking
+advantage of the floods to visit, in boat, some of the outlying hamlets
+and villages where there are believers. It seems to me hardly prudent for
+us to assemble when there is such agitation of spirits. Ladies, allow my
+house‐keeper—she was my nurse—to conduct you where you can repose after
+the fatigue and distress you have undergone. She will provide dry garments
+for Perpetua, and hot water for her feet. The baths are the proper place,
+but it would be dangerous for her to adventure herself in public.”
+
+Baudillas paced the court in anxiety of mind. He did not know what course
+to adopt. He was not a man of initiative. He was devoted to his duty and
+discharged whatever he was commanded to do with punctilious nicety; but he
+was thrown into helpless incapacity when undirected by a superior mind, or
+not controlled by a dominant will.
+
+It would be difficult to communicate with the brethren. He had but one
+male servant, Pedo, who had a stiff hip‐joint. He could not send him round
+to give notice of a postponement, and Baudillas was not the man to take
+such a step without orders. Probably, said he to himself, the commotion
+would abate before evening. There would be much feasting in the town that
+afternoon. The Cultores Nemausi had their club dinner; and the families of
+Volcian descent made it a point of honor to entertain on that day,
+dedicated to their Gallic founder and hero‐god. It was precisely for this
+reason that the Agape had been appointed to be celebrated on the first of
+March. When all the lower town was holding debauch, the harmless reunion
+of the Christians would pass unregarded.
+
+“What shall I do?” said the deacon. “Castor, our bishop, should not have
+absented himself at such a time, but then how could he have foreseen what
+has taken place? I will take care that the ladies be provided with
+whatever they may need, and then will sally forth and ascertain what
+temper our fellow‐citizens are in. We southerners blaze up like a fire of
+straw, and as soon does our flame expire. If I meet some of the brethren,
+I will consult with them what is to be done. As it is we have postponed
+the Agape till set of sun, when we deemed that all the town would be
+indoors merry‐making.”
+
+An hour later, a slave of the lady Quincta arrived to say that her house
+was watched, and that the servants did not deem it advisable to leave with
+the litter, lest some attempt should be made to track them to the house
+where their mistress was concealed, in which case the rabble might even
+try to get possession of Perpetua.
+
+Quincta was greatly alarmed at the tidings, and bade that the litter
+should on no account be sent. When those watching her door had been
+withdrawn, then a faithful slave was to announce the fact, and she and her
+daughter would steal home afoot. Thus passed the time, with anxiety
+contracting the hearts of all. Quincta was a timid woman, Baudillas, as
+already said, irresolute. In the afternoon, gifts began to arrive for the
+love‐feast. Slaves brought hampers of bread, quails, field‐fare stuffed
+with truffles; brown pots containing honey were also deposited by them in
+the passage. Others brought branches of dried raisins, apples, eggs,
+flasks of oil, and bouquets of spring flowers.(2)
+
+Baudillas was relieved when the stream of oblations began to flow in, as
+it decided for him the matter of the Agape. It must take place—it could
+not be deferred, as some of the food sent was perishable.
+
+A slave arrived laden with an _amphora_—a red earthenware bottle, pointed
+below, so that to maintain it upright it had to be planted in sand or
+ashes. On the side was a seal with the sacred symbol, showing that it
+contained wine set apart for religious usage.(3)
+
+“Sir!” said the bearer, “happy is the man who tastes of this wine from
+Ambrussum (near Lunel).(4) It is of the color of amber, it is old, and
+runs like oil. The heat of the Provence sun is gathered and stored in it,
+to break forth and glow in the veins, to mount into and fire the brain,
+and to make and kindle a furnace in the heart.”
+
+“It shall be used with discretion, Tarsius,” said the deacon.
+
+“By Bacchus!—I ask your pardon, deacon! Old habits are not easily laid
+aside. What was I saying? Oh—you remarked something about discretion. For
+my part I consider that my master has exercised none in sending this to
+your love‐feast. Bah! it is casting pearls before swine to pour out this
+precious essence into the cups of such a beggarly, vagabond set as
+assemble here. The quality folk are becoming weary of these banquets and
+hold aloof.”
+
+“That is sadly true,” observed Baudillas, “and the effect of this
+withdrawal is that it aggravates the difficulties of myself and my
+brethren.”
+
+“The choice liquor is thrown away on such as you have as congregation. How
+can they relish the Ambrussian if they have not had their palates educated
+to know good liquor from bad? On my faith as a Christian! were I master
+instead of slave, I would send you the wine of the year when Sosius Falco
+and Julius Clarus were consuls—then the grapes mildewed in the bunch, and
+the wine is naught but vinegar, no color, no bouquet, no substance.
+Gentlemen and slaves can’t drink it. But I reckon that my master thinks to
+condone his absence by sending one of his choicest flasks.”
+
+“You are somewhat free of tongue, Tarsius.”
+
+“I am a frank man though enslaved. Thoughts are free, and my tongue is not
+enchained. I shall attend the banquet this evening. The master and
+mistress remain at home that we, believing members of the family, may be
+present at the Agape. I will trouble you, when pouring out the Ambrussian
+wine, not to forget that I had to sweat under the flask, to your house.”
+
+“I think, Tarsius, I cannot do better than place the bottle under your
+charge. You know its value, and the force of the wine. Distribute as you
+see fit.”
+
+“Aye; I know who will appreciate it, and who are unworthy of a drop. I
+accept the responsibility. You do wisely, deacon, in trusting me—a knowing
+one,” and he slapped his breast and pursed up his mouth.
+
+Then another servant appeared with a basket.
+
+“Here, sir!” said he to the deacon. “I bring you honey‐cakes. The lady
+Lampridia sends them. She is infirm and unable to leave her house, but she
+would fain do something for the poor, the almoners of Christ. She sends
+you these and also garments that she has made for children. She desires
+that you will distribute them among such parents as have occasion for
+them.”
+
+Next came a man of equestrian rank, and drew the deacon aside.
+
+“Where is Castor?” he inquired in an agitated voice. “I cannot appear this
+evening. The whole town is in effervescence. Inquisition may be made for
+us Christians. There will be a tumult. When they persecute you in one
+city—fly to another! That is the divine command, and I shall obey it to
+the letter. I have sent forward servants and mules—and shall escape with
+my wife and children to my villa.”
+
+“The bishop is away. He will be back this evening. I have not known what
+to do, whether or not to postpone the Agape to another day.”
+
+“No harm will come of it if you hold the feast. None will attend save the
+poor and such as are on the books of the Church, the widows and those to
+whom a good meal is a boon. The authorities will not trouble themselves
+about the like of them. I don’t relish the aspect of affairs, and shall be
+off before the storm breaks.” Then the knight added hastily, “Here is
+money, distribute it, and bid the recipients pray for me and mine, that no
+harm befall us.”
+
+Baudillas saw that the man was quaking with apprehension. “Verily,” said
+he to himself, “It is a true saying, ‘How hardly shall they that have
+riches enter into the kingdom of Heaven.’ I wonder now, whether I have
+acted judiciously in entrusting that old Ambrussian to Tarsius? If the
+bishop had been here, I could have consulted him.”
+
+So a weak, but good man, may even do a thing fraught with greater mischief
+than can be done with evil intent by an adversary.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VIII
+
+                          THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT
+
+
+As soon as dusk began to veil the sky, Christians in parties of three and
+four came to the house of Baudillas. They belonged for the most part to
+the lowest classes. None were admitted till they had given the pass‐word.
+
+An _ostiarius_ or porter kept the door, and as each tapped, he said in
+Greek: “Beloved, let us love one another.” Whereupon the applicant for
+admission replied in the same tongue, “For love is of God.”
+
+Owing to the Greek element in the province, large at Massilia, Arelate and
+Narbo, but not less considerable at Nemausus, the Hellenic tongue, though
+not generally spoken, was more or less comprehended by all in the towns.
+The Scriptures were read in Greek; there was, as yet, no Italic version,
+and the prayers were recited, sometimes in Greek, sometimes in Latin. In
+preaching, the bishops and presbyters employed the vernacular—this was a
+conglomerate of many tongues and was in incessant decomposition, flux, and
+recomposition. It was different in every town, and varied from year to
+year.
+
+In the sub‐apostolic church it was customary for a banquet to be held in
+commemoration of the Paschal Supper, early in the afternoon, lasting all
+night, previous to the celebration of the new Eucharistic rite, which took
+place at dawn. The night was spent in hymn singing, in discourses, and in
+prayer.
+
+But even in the Apostolic age, as we learn from St. Paul’s first Epistle
+to the Corinthians, great abuses had manifested themselves, and very
+speedily a change was made. The Agape was dissociated from the Eucharist
+and was relegated to the evening after the celebration of the Sacrament.
+It was not abolished altogether, because it was a symbol of unity, and
+because, when under control, it was unobjectionable. Moreover, as already
+intimated, it served a convenient purpose to the Christians by making
+their meetings resemble those of the benefit clubs that were under legal
+protection.
+
+It may be conjectured that where the bulk of the members were newly
+converted, and were ignorant, there would speedily manifest itself among
+them a tendency to revert to their pagan customs, and a revolt against the
+restraints of Christian sobriety. And this actually took place, causing
+much embarrassment to the clergy, and giving some handle to the heathen to
+deride these meetings as scenes of gross disorder.
+
+No sooner did persecution cease, and the reason for holding love‐feasts no
+longer held, than they were everywhere put down and by the end of the
+fourth century had absolutely ceased.
+
+In the third century Tertullian, in his “Apology” addressed to the
+heathen, gave a rose‐colored description of the institution; but in his
+“Treatise on Fasting” addressed to the faithful, he was constrained to
+admit that it was a nursery of abuses. But this, indeed, common sense and
+a knowledge of human nature would lead us to suspect.
+
+We are prone to imagine that the first ages of the Church saw only saints
+within the fold, and sinners without. But we have only to read the
+writings of the early Fathers to see that this was not the case. If we
+consider our mission stations at the present day, and consult our
+evangelists among the heathen, we shall discover that the newly converted
+on entering the Church, bring with them much of their past: their
+prejudices, their superstitions, their ignorance, and their passions. The
+most vigilant care has to be exercised in watching against relapse in the
+individual, and deterioration of the general tone. The converts in the
+first ages were not made of other flesh and blood than those now
+introduced into the sheepfold, and the difficulties now encountered by
+missionaries beset the first pastors of Christ fifteen and sixteen hundred
+years ago.
+
+In an honest attempt to portray the condition of the Church at the opening
+of the third century, we must describe things as they were, and not as we
+should wish them to have been.
+
+The _atrium_ or courtyard was not lighted; there was sufficient
+illumination from above. The curtains of the _tablinum_ were close drawn,
+as the reception chamber was not to be put in requisition that night. The
+_triclinium_ or dining‐room that received light through the doorway only
+would have been dark had not a lamp or two been kindled there.
+
+About thirty persons were present, male and female, but no children. Some
+were slaves from believing households; there were a few freedmen. Some
+were poor artisans, weavers, bakers, and men who sold charcoal, a porter,
+and a besom‐maker.
+
+Quincta and Perpetua were the highest in social position of those present.
+A second deacon, named Marcianus, was there, a handsome man, peremptory in
+manner, quick in movement; in every point a contrast with his timid,
+hesitating brother in the ministry.
+
+The bishop had not arrived when the Agape began, and the blessing was
+spoken by an aged and feeble presbyter. The tables were spread with
+viands, and the deacons and deaconesses ministered to those who reclined
+at them. There was not room for all in the dining‐chamber, and a table and
+couches had been spread in the court for such as could not be accommodated
+within.
+
+The proceedings were marked by the strictest propriety, the eating and
+drinking were in moderation, conversation was edifying, and general
+harmony prevailed. During the meal, a knocking was heard at the outer
+gate, and when the porter asked the name of the applicant for admission,
+the password was given, and he was admitted.
+
+All rose to receive Castor, the bishop.
+
+“Recline again, my friends,” said he. “I have come from the house of
+Flavillus, the timber merchant on the _stagna_; his wife’s mother has
+endured that which is human. She sleeps, and her spirit is with the Lord.
+I have been delayed. I was doing the work of my Master. One, a stranger to
+the faith, questioned me, and I tarried to converse with him, and disclose
+to his dark mind some ray of light. If the supper be ended, I will offer
+thanks.”
+
+Then, standing at one of the tables, he made prayer to God, and thanked
+Him who had caused the corn to spring out of the earth, and had gathered
+the many grains into one bread; who had watered the vine from heaven, and
+had flushed the several grapes with generous juice, uniting the many into
+one bunch.
+
+The thanksgiving ended, lights were introduced in considerable numbers.
+There is no twilight in southern climes; when night falls, it falls
+darkly. Now all who had eaten went to the _impluvium_, dipped their hands,
+and washed their lips, then wiped them on towels held by the deaconesses.
+
+The tables were quickly removed, and the benches ranged in the
+_triclinium_, so as to accommodate all.
+
+No sooner was the whole congregation assembled, than the president,
+Castor, invited all such as had a psalm, an interpretation, a vision, or
+an edifying narrative, to relate or recite it.
+
+Then up started a little man, who held a lyre.
+
+“Sir,” said he, “I have composed a poem in honor of Andeolus, the martyr
+of Gentibus.”
+
+He struck a chord on his instrument, and sang. The composition was devoid
+of poetry, the meter halting, the Latin full of provincialisms, and the
+place of poetic imagery was filled with extravagances of expression. When
+he had concluded, he perhaps inadvertently wound up with the words,
+“Generous audience, grant me your applause!”—the usual method of
+conclusion on the stage.
+
+And the request met with favor—hands were clapped.
+
+Then Bishop Castor rose, and with a grave face, said:
+
+“We have listened to Lartius Garrulus with interest and with edification.
+It is well to glorify the memories of the holy ones who have witnessed a
+good confession, who have fought the fight, and have shed their blood as a
+testimony. But a poet in treating of such subjects, should restrain his
+too exuberant fancy, and not assert as facts matters of mere conjecture,
+nor should he use expressions that, though perhaps endurable in poetry,
+cannot be addressed to the martyrs in sober prose. The ignorant are too
+ready to employ words without considering their meaning with nicety, and
+to quote poets as licensing them to do that which their pastors would
+forbid.”
+
+“But,” said the deacon Marcianus, “what if this be uttered by
+inspiration?”
+
+“The Spirit of God,” answered Castor, “never inspires the mind to import
+into religion anything that is not true.” Turning round, he said: “I call
+on Turgellius to interpret a portion of the Epistle of the Blessed Paul,
+the Apostle to the Romans, translating it into the vulgar tongue, as there
+be those present who comprehend Greek with difficulty.”
+
+This done, one rose, and said:
+
+“Sir, suffer me to disclose a revelation. I was asleep on my bed, three
+nights agone, and I had a dream, or vision, from on high. I beheld a snow‐
+white flock pasturing on a mountain; there was abundance of herbage, and
+the sky was serene. The shepherd stood regarding them, leaning on his
+staff, and the watch‐dog slept at his feet in the grass. Then, suddenly,
+the heavens became obscured, lightning flashed, thunder rolled: the flock
+was terrified and scattered. Thereupon came wolves, leaping among the
+sheep, and rending them; and I beheld now that some which I had taken to
+be sheep, cast their skins, and disclosed themselves to be ravening
+beasts. What may be signified by the vision, I know not, but I greatly
+fear that it portends an evil time to the Church.”
+
+“That is like enough,” said Baudillas, “after what has occurred this day.
+If the bishop has not heard, I will relate all to him in order.”
+
+“I have been informed of everything,” said Castor.
+
+“It is well that there should be a sifting of the wheat from the chaff,”
+said Marcianus. “Too long have we had wolves masquerading among us clothed
+in sheepskins. See!” He threw back his mantle, and extended his hand. “On
+my way hither, I passed by the fountain of Nemausus, and none were there.
+Then my soul was wrath within me at the idolatry and worship of devils
+that goes on in the temple and about the basin. So I took up a stone, and
+I climbed upon the pedestal, and I beat till I had broken this off.” Then
+he rolled an alabaster sculptured head on the floor. With a contemptuous
+kick, he sent it spinning. “This is their god Nemausus. A deacon of
+Christ’s Church, with a bit of stone, is able to break his neck, and carry
+off his head!” Then he laughed. But none laughed in response.
+
+A thrill of dismay ran through the assembly.
+
+A woman fell into hysterics and screamed. Some called out that she
+prophesied, others that she spake with tongues. Baudillas appeased the
+excitement. “The tongue she speaks,” said he, “is the Ligurian of the
+Cebennæ, and all she says is that she wishes she were safe with her
+children in the mountains, and had never come into the town. Now, indeed,
+it seems that the evil days foreseen by Pantilius Narbo will come on the
+Church. The people might forget that the god was robbed of his victim, but
+not that his image has been defaced.”
+
+“Well done, I say!” shouted a man, thrusting himself forward. His face was
+inflamed and his eyes dazed. “I—I, Tarsius the slave, and Marcianus, the
+deacon, are the only Christians with any pluck about us. Cowards that ye
+all are, quaking at the moment of danger—hares, ye are, hares afraid of
+the whistling of the wind in the grass. I—I——”
+
+“Remove that man,” said the bishop. “He has been drinking.”
+
+“I—I drinking. I have supped the precious Ambrussian wine, too good for
+the rag‐tag. Dost think I would pour out to him who binds brooms? Or to
+her—a washerwoman from the mountains? Ambrussian wine for such as
+appreciate good things—gold as amber, thick as oil, sweet as honey.”
+
+“Remove him,” said the bishop firmly.
+
+Hands were laid on the fellow.
+
+Then turning to Marcianus, Castor said sternly, “You have acted
+inconsiderately and wrongly, against the decrees of the Fathers.”
+
+“Aye!—of men who were timorous, and forbade others doing that from which
+they shrank themselves. I have not so learned Christ.”
+
+“Thou thyself mayest be strong,” said Castor, “but thine act will bring
+the tempest upon the Church, and it will fall upon the weak and young.”
+
+“Such as cannot stand against the storm are good for naught,” said
+Marcianus. “But the storm is none of my brewing. It had arisen before I
+intervened. The escape of the lady Perpetua from the fountain—that was the
+beginning, I have but added the final stroke.”
+
+“Thou hast acted very wrongly,” said the bishop. “May God, the God of all
+comfort, strengthen us to stand in the evil day. In very truth, the powers
+of darkness will combine against the Church. The lightnings will indeed
+flash, the sheep be scattered, and those revealed whom we have esteemed to
+be true disciples of Christ, but who are far from Him in heart. Many that
+are first shall be last, and the last first. It is ever so in the Kingdom
+of Christ—hark!”
+
+Suddenly a strange, a terrible sound was heard—a loud, hoarse note, like a
+blast blown through a triton’s shell, but far louder; it seemed to pass in
+the air over the house, and set the tiles quivering. Every wall vibrated
+to it, and every heart thrilled as well. Men rushed into the _atrium_ and
+looked up at the night sky. Stars twinkled. Nothing extraordinary was
+visible. But those who looked expected to see some fire‐breathing monster
+flying athwart the dark, heavenly vault, braying; and others again cried
+out that this was the trumpet of the archangel, and that the end of all
+things was come.
+
+Then said Marcianus, “It is the voice of the devil Nemausus! He has thus
+shouted before.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER IX
+
+                              STARS IN WATER
+
+
+As an excuse for not appearing in time at the Agape, Castor had asserted
+that he had been engaged on his Master’s work elsewhere. That was true. He
+had been at the house of the timber merchant as we have seen, and he had
+been detained by Æmilius as he left it. This latter had been lying on his
+bed resting, whilst his garments were being dried.
+
+He had overheard what had passed in the room of the dying woman.
+
+When the bishop went forth, then Æmilius rose from his bed, cast the ample
+toga about him, and walked forth. He caught Castor as he descended to the
+water’s edge to be paddled away.
+
+After a short salutation, the young lawyer said: “A word with you, sir, if
+your time is as generously to be disposed of to a stranger as it is
+lavished on the poor and sick.”
+
+“I am at your service,” answered the bishop.
+
+“My name,” said the young man, “is Æmilius Lentulus Varo. My profession is
+the law. I am not, I believe, unknown in Nemausus, or at Arelate, where
+also I have an office. But you, sir, may not have heard of me—we have
+assuredly never met. Your age and gravity of demeanor belong to a social
+group other than mine. You mix with the wise, the philosophers, and not
+with such butterflies as myself, who am a ridiculous pleasure
+seeker—seeking and never finding. If I am not in error, you are Castor
+Lepidus Villoneos, of an ancient magisterial family in Nemausus and the
+reputed head of the Christian sect.”
+
+“I am he,” answered the bishop.
+
+“It may appear to you a piece of idle curiosity,” said the young man, “if
+I put to you certain questions, and esteem it an impertinence, and so send
+me away empty. But I pray you to afford me—if thy courtesy will suffer
+it—some information concerning a matter on which I am eager to obtain
+light. I have been in the apartment adjoining that in which the mother of
+the hostess lay, and I chanced—the partition being but of plank—to
+overhear what was said. I confess that I am inquisitive to know something
+more certain of this philosophy or superstition, than what is commonly
+reported among the people. On this account, I venture to detain you, as
+one qualified to satisfy my greed for knowledge.”
+
+“My time is at your disposal.”
+
+“You spoke to the dying woman as though she were about to pass into a new
+life. Was that a poetic fancy or a philosophic speculation?”
+
+“It was neither, it was a religious conviction. I spoke of what I knew to
+be true.”
+
+“Knew to be true!” laughed Æmilius. “How so? Have you traveled into the
+world of spirits, visited the _manes_, and returned posted up in all
+particulars concerning them?”
+
+“No. I receive the testimony from One I can trust.”
+
+“One! All men are liars. I knew a fellow who related that he had fallen
+into an epileptic fit, and that during the fit his spirit had crossed the
+Styx. But as he had no penny wherewith to pay the fare, I did not believe
+him. Moreover, he never told the story twice alike, and in other matters
+was an arrant liar.”
+
+“Whom would you believe?”
+
+“None, nothing save my own experience.”
+
+“Not Him who made and who sustains your existence, my good sir?”
+
+“Yes, if I knew Him and were assured He spoke.”
+
+“That is the assurance I have.”
+
+Æmilius shook his head. “When, how, where, and by whom did He declare to
+men that there is a life beyond the tomb?”
+
+“The _when_ was in the principate of Tiberius Cæsar, the _how_ was by the
+mouth of His only‐begotten Son, the _where_ was in Palestine.”
+
+The young lawyer laughed. “There is not a greater rogue and liar on the
+face of the earth than a Jew. I cannot believe in a revelation made
+elsewhere than at the center of the world, in the city of Rome.”
+
+“Rome is the center of the world to you—but is it so to the infinite God?”
+
+Æmilius shrugged his shoulders contemptuously. “I am a lawyer. I ask for
+evidence. And I would not trust the word of a Jew against that of a common
+Gaulish peasant.”
+
+“Nor need you. The witness is in yourself.”
+
+“I do not understand you.”
+
+“Have not all men, at all times and everywhere desired to know what is to
+be their condition after death? Does not every barbarous people harbor the
+conviction that there is a future life? Do not you civilized Romans,
+though you have no evidence, act as though there were such a life, and
+testify thereto on your monumental cenotaphs?”
+
+“I allow all that. But what of it?”
+
+“How comes it that there should be such a conviction based on no grounds
+whatever, but a vague longing, unless there were such a reality provided
+for those who have this desire in them? Would the Creator of man mock him?
+Would He put this hunger into him unless it were to be satisfied? You have
+eyes that crave for the light, and the light exists that satisfies this
+longing! You have ears that desire sounds, and the world is full of voices
+that meet this desire. Where there is a craving there is ever a reality
+that corresponds with and gives repose to that desire. Look,” said the
+bishop, and pointed to the water in which were reflected the stars that
+now began to glitter in the sky. “Do you see all those twinkling points in
+the still water? They correspond to the living luminaries set above in the
+vault. You in your soul have these reflections—sometimes seen, sometimes
+obscured, but ever returning. They answer to realities in the celestial
+world overhead. The reflections could not be in your nature unless they
+existed in substance above.”
+
+“There is a score of other things we long after in vain here.”
+
+“What things? I believe I know. Purity, perfection, justice. Well, you do
+not find them here entire—only in broken glints. But these glints assure
+you that in their integrity they do exist.”
+
+A boat was propelled through the water. It broke the reflections, that
+disappeared or were resolved into a very dust of sparkles. As the wavelets
+subsided, however, the reflections reformed.
+
+Castor walked up and down beside Æmilius in silence for a few turns, then
+said:—
+
+“The world is full of inequalities and injustices. One man suffers
+privation, another is gorged. One riots in luxury at the expense of the
+weak. Is there to be no righting of wrongs? no justice to be ever done? If
+there be a God over all, He must, if just—and who can conceive of God,
+save as perfectly just?—He must, I say, deal righteous judgment and smooth
+out all these creases; and how can he do so, unless there be a condition
+of existence after death in which the wrongs may be redressed, the evil‐
+doers be punished, and tears be wiped away?”
+
+“There is philosophy in this.”
+
+“Have you not in your conscience a sense of right as distinct from
+wrong—obscured often, but ever returning—like the reflection of the stars
+in the water? How comes it there unless there be the verities above?
+Unless your Maker so made you as to reflect them in your spirit?”
+
+Æmilius said nothing.
+
+“Have you not in you a sense of the sacredness of Truth, and a loathing
+for falsehood? How comes that, unless implanted in you by your Creator,
+who is Truth itself?”
+
+“But we know not—in what is of supreme interest to us—in matters connected
+with the gods, what our duties, what our destiny—what is the Truth.”
+
+“Young man,” said the bishop, “thou art a seeker after the kingdom of
+Heaven. One word further, and I must leave thee. Granted there are these
+scintillations within—”
+
+“Yes, I grant this.”
+
+“And that they be reflections of verities above.”
+
+“Possibly.”
+
+“Whence else come they?”
+
+Æmilius did not, could not answer.
+
+“Then,” said Castor, “is it not antecedently probable that the God who
+made man, and put into his nature this desire after truth, virtue,
+holiness, justice, aye, and this hunger after immortality, should reveal
+to man that without which man is unable to direct his life aright, attain
+to the perfection of his being, and look beyond death with confidence?”
+
+“If there were but such a revelation!”
+
+“I say—is it conceivable that the Creator should not make it?”
+
+“Thou givest me much food for thought,” said the lawyer.
+
+“Digest it—looking at the reflection of the stars in the water—aye! and
+recall what is told by Aristotle of Xenophanes, how that casting his eyes
+upward at the immensity of heaven, he declared _The One_ is God. That
+conviction, at which the philosopher arrived at the summit of his
+research, is the starting point of the Christian child. Farewell. We shall
+meet again. I commend thee to Him who set the stars in heaven above, and
+the lights in thine own dim soul.”
+
+Then the bishop sought a boat, and was rowed in the direction of the town.
+
+Æmilius remained by the lagoon.
+
+Words such as these he had heard were novel. The thoughts given him to
+meditate on were so deep and strange that he could not receive them at
+once.
+
+The night was now quite dark, and the stars shone with a brilliancy to
+which we are unaccustomed in the North, save on frosty winter nights.
+
+The Milky Way formed a sort of crescent to the north, and enveloped
+Cassiopeia’s Chair in its nebulous light. To the west blazed Castor and
+Pollux, and the changing iridescent fire of Algol reflected its varying
+colors in the water.
+
+Æmilius looked up. What those points of light were, none could say. How
+was it that they maintained their order of rising and setting? None could
+answer. Who ruled the planets? That they obeyed a law, was obvious, but by
+whom was that law imposed?
+
+Æmilius paced quicker, with folded arms and bowed head, looking into the
+water. The heavens were an unsolved riddle. The earth also was a riddle,
+without interpretation. Man himself was an enigma, to which there was no
+solution. Was all in heaven, in earth, to remain thus locked up,
+unexplained?
+
+How was it that planets and constellations fulfilled the law imposed on
+them without deviation, and man knew not a law, lived in the midst of a
+cobweb of guesses, entangling himself in the meshes of vain speculations,
+and was not shown the commandment he must obey? Why had the Creator
+implanted in his soul such noble germs, if they were not to fructify—if
+only to languish for lack of light?
+
+Again he lifted his eyes to the starry vault, and repeated what had been
+said of Xenophanes, “Gazing on the immensity of heaven, he declared that
+the One was God.” And then, immediately looking down into the depths of
+his own heart, he added: “And He is reflected here. Would that I knew
+Him.”
+
+Yet how was he to attain the desired knowledge? On all sides were
+religious quacks offering their nostrums. What guarantee did Christianity
+offer, that it was other than the wild and empty speculations that
+swarmed, engaged and disappointed the minds of inquirers?
+
+Unconscious how time passed, Æmilius paced the bank. Then he stood still,
+looking dreamily over the calm water. A couple of months more and the air
+would be alive with fire‐flies that would cluster on every reed, that
+would waver in dance above the surface of the lagoon, tens of thousands of
+drifting stars reflecting themselves in the water, and by their effulgence
+disturbing the light of the stars also there mirrored.
+
+Thinking of this, Æmilius laughed.
+
+“So is it,” said he, “in the world of philosophic thought and religious
+aspiration. The air is full of fire‐flies. They seem to be brilliant
+torch‐bearers assuring us guidance, but they are only vile grubs, and they
+float above the festering pool that breeds malarial fevers. Where is the
+truth, where?”
+
+From the distant city sounded a hideous din, like the bellow of a gigantic
+bull.
+
+Æmilius laughed bitterly.
+
+“I know what that is, it is the voice of the god—so say the priestesses of
+Nemausus. It is heard at rare intervals. But the mason who made my baths
+at Ad Fines, explained it to me. He had been engaged on the temple and saw
+how a brazen instrument like a shell of many convolutions had been
+contrived in the walls and concealed, so that one woman’s breath could
+sound it and produce such a bellow as would shake the city. Bah! one
+religion is like another, founded on impostures. What are the stars of
+heaven but fire‐flies of a higher order, of superior flight? We follow
+them and stumble into the mire, and are engulfed in the slough.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER X
+
+                               LOCUTUS EST!
+
+
+Every house in Nemausus thrilled with life. Sleep was driven from the
+drowsiest heads. The tipsy were sobered at once. Those banqueting desisted
+from conversation. Music was hushed. Men rushed into the street. The
+beasts in the amphitheater, startled by the strange note, roared and
+howled. Slowly the chief magistrate rose, sent to summon an edile, and
+came forth. He was not quick of movement; it took him some time to resolve
+whether he or his brother magistrate was responsible for order; when he
+did issue forth, then he found the streets full, and that all men in them
+were talking excitedly.
+
+The god Nemausus, the _archegos_, the divine founder and ancestor had
+spoken. His voice was rarely heard. It was told that before the Cimbri and
+Teutones had swept over the province, he had shouted. That had been in
+ages past; of late he had been sparing in the exercise of his voice. He
+was said to have cried out at the great invasion of the Helvetii, that had
+been arrested by Julius Cæsar; again to have trumpeted at the outbreak of
+Civilis and Julius Sabinus, which, however, had never menaced Narbonese
+Gaul, though at the time the god had called the worst was anticipated. The
+last time he had been heard was at the revolt of Vindex that preceded the
+fall of Nero.
+
+Some young skeptics whispered: “By Hercules, the god has a brazen throat.”
+
+“It is his hunting horn that peals to call attention. What he will say
+will be revealed to the priestess.”
+
+“Or what the priestess wishes to have believed is his message.”
+
+But this incredulous mood was exhibited by very few. None ventured openly
+to scoff.
+
+“The god hath spoken!” this was the cry through the streets and the forum.
+Every man asked his fellow what it signified. Some cried out that the
+prince—the divine Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla)—had been assassinated,
+just as he was about to start from Rome for Gaul. Others that the
+privileges of the city and colony were going to be abrogated. But one said
+to his fellow, “I augured ill when we heard that the god had been cheated
+of his due. No marvel he is out of humor, for Perpetua is esteemed the
+prettiest virgin in Nemausus.”
+
+“I wonder that the rescue passed off without notice being taken of the
+affair by the magistrates.”
+
+“Bah! it is the turn of the Petronius Alacinus now, and he will not bestir
+himself unnecessarily. So long as the public peace be not broken——”
+
+“But it was—there was a riot, a conflict.”
+
+“A farcical fight with wind‐bags. Not a man was hurt, not a drop of blood
+flowed. The god will not endure to be balked and his sacrifice made into a
+jest.”
+
+“He is hoarse with rage.”
+
+“What does it all mean?”
+
+Then said a stout man: “My good friend, it means that which always happens
+when the priesthood is alarmed and considers that its power is menaced—its
+credit is shaken. It will ask for blood.”
+
+“There has been a great falling off of late in the worshipers of the gods
+and in attendance at the games.”
+
+“This comes of the spread of the pestilent sect of the Christians. They
+are the enemies of the human race. They eat little children. The potter
+Fusius lost his son last week, aged six, and they say it was sacrificed by
+these sectaries, who stuck needles into it.”
+
+“Bah! the body was found in the channel of the stream the child had fallen
+in.”
+
+“I heard it was found half eaten,” said a third.
+
+“Rats, rats,” explained another standing by.
+
+“Well, these Christians refuse to venerate the images of the Augustus, and
+therefore are foes to the commonwealth. They should be rooted out.”
+
+“You are right there. As to their religious notions—who cares about them?
+Let them adore what they will—onions like the Egyptians, stars like the
+Chaldeans, a sword like the Scythians—that is nothing to us; but when they
+refuse to swear by the Emperor and to offer sacrifice for the welfare of
+the empire then, I say, they are bad citizens, and should be sent to the
+lions.”
+
+“The lions,” laughed the stout man, “seem to respond to the voice, which
+sounded in their ears, ‘Dinner for you, good beasts!’ Well, may we have
+good sport at the games founded by Domitius Afer. I love to lie in bed
+when the _circius_ (mistral) howls and the snowflakes fly. Then one feels
+snug and enjoys the contrast. So in the amphitheater one realizes the
+blessedness of life when one looks on at wretches in the hug of the bear,
+or being mumbled by lions, or played with by panthers.”
+
+Perhaps the only man whom the blast did not startle was Tarsius, the
+inebriated slave, who had been expelled the house of Baudillas, and who
+was engrossed only with his own wrongs, and who departed swearing that he
+excommunicated the Church, not the Church him. He muttered threats; he
+stood haranguing on his own virtues, his piety, his generosity of spirit;
+he recorded many acts of charity he had done. “And I—I to be turned out!
+They are a scurvy lot. Not worthy of me. I will start a sect of my own,
+see if I do not.”
+
+Whilst reeling along, growling, boasting, confiding his wrongs to the
+walls on each side, he ran against Callipodius just as the words were in
+his mouth: “I am a better Christian than all of them. I don’t affect
+sanctimoniousness in aspect, but I am sound, sound in my life—a plain,
+straight‐walking man.”
+
+“Are you so?” asked Callipodius. “Then I wish you would not festoon in
+such a manner as to lurch against me. You are a Christian. Hard times are
+coming for such as you.”
+
+“Aye, aye! I am a Christian. I don’t care who knows it. I’m not the man to
+lapse or buy a _libellus_,(5) though they have turned me out.”
+
+Callipodius caught the fellow by the shoulder and shook him.
+
+“Man,” said he. “Ah, a slave! I recognize you. You are of the family of
+Julius Largus Litomarus, the wool merchant. Come with me. The games are in
+a few days, and the director of the sports has been complaining that he
+wanted more prisoners to cast to the beasts. I have you in the nick of
+time. I heard you with these ears confess yourself to be a Christian, and
+the sole worthy one in the town. You are the man for us—plump and juicy,
+flushed with wine. By the heavenly twins, what a morsel you will make for
+the panthers! Come with me. If you resist I will summon the crowd, then
+perhaps they will elect to have you crucified. Come quietly, and it shall
+be panthers, not the cross. I will conduct you direct to the magistrate
+and denounce you.”
+
+“I pray you! I beseech you! I was talking nonsense. I was enacting a part
+for the theater. I am no Christian; I was, but I have been turned out,
+excommunicated. My master and mistress believe, and just to please them
+and to escape stripes, and get a few favors such as are not granted to the
+others, I have—you understand.” The slave winked.
+
+Beside Callipodius was a lad bearing a torch. He held it up and the flare
+fell over the face of the now sobered Tarsius.
+
+“Come with me, fellow,” said Callipodius. “Nothing will save you but
+perfect obedience and compliance with what I direct. Hark! was not that
+the howl of the beasts. Mehercule! they snuff you already. My good friend
+Æmilius Lentulus Varo, the lawyer, will be your patron; a strong man. But
+you must answer my questions. Do you know the Lady Quincta and her
+daughter? Quincta is the widow of Harpinius Læto.”
+
+“Aye, aye! the wench was fished out of the pond to‐day.”
+
+“That is right. Where are they, do you know their house?”
+
+“Yes, but they are not at home now.”
+
+“Where are they then?”
+
+“Will you denounce them?” asked the slave nervously.
+
+“On the contrary. They are menaced. I seek to save them.”
+
+“Oh! if that be all, I am your man. They are in the mansion of Baudillas,
+yonder—that is—but mum, I say! I must not speak. They kicked me out, but I
+am not ungenerous. I will denounce nobody. But if you want to save the
+ladies, I will help you with alacrity. They charged me with being
+drunk—not the ladies—the bishop did that—more shame to him. I but rinsed
+out my mouth with the Ambrussian. Every drop clear as amber. Ah, sir! in
+your cellar have you——”
+
+A rush of people up the street shouting, “The will of the god! the will of
+the god! It is being proclaimed in the forum.”
+
+They swept round Callipodius and the slave, spinning them, as leaves are
+spun in a corner by an eddy of wind, then swept forward in the direction
+of the great square.
+
+“Come aside with me, fellow,” said Callipodius, darting after the slave
+who was endeavoring to slink away. “What is your name? I know only your
+face marked by a scar.”
+
+“Tarsius, at your service, sir!”
+
+“Good Tarsius, here is money, and I undertake to furnish you with a bottle
+of my best old Ambrussian for your private tipple, or to make merry
+therewith with your friends. Be assured, no harm is meant. The priests of
+Nemausus seek to recover possession of the lady Perpetua, and it is my aim
+to smuggle her away to a place of security. Do thou watch the door, and I
+will run and provide litters and porters. Do thou assure the ladies that
+the litters are sent to convey them in safety to where they will not be
+looked for; say thy master’s house. I will answer for the rest. Hast thou
+access to them?”
+
+“Aye! I know the pass‐word. And though I have been expelled, yet in the
+confusion and alarm I may be suffered again to enter.”
+
+“Very excellent. Thou shalt have thy flask and an ample reward. Say that
+the litters are sent by thy master, Largus Litomarus.”
+
+“Right, sir! I will do thy bidding.”
+
+Then Callipodius hastened in the direction of the habitation of Æmilius.
+
+Meanwhile the forum filled with people, crowding on one another, all
+quivering with excitement. Above were the stars. Here and there below,
+torches. Presently the chief magistrate arrived with his lictors, and a
+maniple of soldiers to keep order and make a passage through the mob
+between the Temple of Nemausus and the forum.
+
+Few women were present. Such as were, belonged to the lowest of the
+people. But there were boys and men, old and young, slaves, artisans,
+freedmen, and citizens.
+
+Among the ignorant and the native population the old Paganism had a strong
+hold, and their interests attached a certain number of all classes to it.
+But the popular Paganism was not a religion affecting the lives by the
+exercise of moral control. It was devoid of any ethic code. It consisted
+in a system of sacrifice to obtain a good journey, to ward off fevers, to
+recover bad debts, to banish blight and mildew. The superstitious lived in
+terror lest by some ill‐considered act, by some neglect, they should incur
+the wrath of the jealous gods and bring catastrophe on themselves or their
+town. They were easily excited by alarm, and were unreasonable in their
+selfish fervor.
+
+Ever in anticipation of some disaster, an earthquake, a murrain, fire or
+pestilence, they were ready to do whatever they were commanded, so as to
+avert danger from themselves. The words of the Apostle to the Hebrews
+describing the Gentiles as being through fear of death all their lifetime
+subject to bondage, were very true. The ignorant and superstitious may be
+said to have existed on the verge of a panic, always in terror lest their
+gods should hurt them, and cringing to them in abject deprecation of evil.
+It was this fear for themselves and their substance that rendered them
+cruel.
+
+The procession came from the temple. Torches were borne aloft, a long
+wavering line of lurid fire, and vessels were carried in which danced
+lambent flames that threw out odoriferous fumes.
+
+First came the priests; they walked with their heads bowed and their arms
+folded across their breasts, and with fillets of wool around their heads.
+Then followed the priestesses shrouded in sable mantles over their white
+tunics. All moved in silence. A hush fell on the multitude. Nothing was
+heard in the stillness save the tramp of feet in rhythm. When the
+procession had reached the forum, the chief priestess ascended the
+rostrum, and the flambeau‐bearers ranged themselves in a half‐circle
+below. She was a tall, splendidly formed woman, with profuse dark hair, an
+ivory complexion, flashing black eyes under heavy brows.
+
+Suddenly she raised her arms and extended them, letting the black pall
+drop from her shoulders, and reveal her in a woven silver robe, like a web
+of moonlight, and with white bare arms. In her right she bore an ivory
+silver‐bound wand with mistletoe bound about it, every berry of
+translucent stone.
+
+Then amidst dead silence she cried: “The god hath spoken, he who founded
+this city, from whom are sprung its ancient patrician families, who
+supplieth you with crystal water from his urn. The holy one demands that
+she who hath been taken from him be surrendered to him again, and that
+punishment be inflicted on the Christians who have desecrated his statue.
+If this, his command, be not fulfilled, then will he withhold the waters,
+and deliver over the elect city to be a desolation, the haunt of the
+lizard and the owl and bat. To the lions with the Christians! _Locutus est
+Divus Archegos!_”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XI
+
+                                PALANQUINS
+
+
+With the exception of the bishop, Marcianus, and a few others, all
+assembled at the Agape were struck with the liveliest terror. They
+entertained no doubt but that the sound that shook the walls was provoked
+by the outrage on the image of the tutelary god, following on the rescue
+of the victim allotted to him.
+
+The pagan inhabitants of Nemausus were roused to exasperation. The
+priesthood would employ every available means to work this resentment to a
+paroxysm, and the result would be riot and murder, perhaps an organized
+persecution.
+
+It must be understood that although the Roman State recognized other
+religions than the established paganism, as that of the Jews, and allowed
+the votaries freedom of worship, yet Christianity was not of this number.
+It was in itself illegal, and any magistrate, at his option, in any place
+and at any time, might put the laws in force against the members of the
+Church. Not only so, but any envious, bigoted, or resentful person might
+compel a magistrate to take cognizance of the presence of Christians in
+the district under his jurisdiction, and require him to capitally convict
+those brought before him.
+
+The system in the Roman Commonwealth for the maintenance of order was that
+every man was empowered to act as spy upon and delate another. Any man
+might accuse his neighbor, his brother, before the court; and if he could
+prove his charge, the magistrate had no option—he must sentence.
+Consequently the Christians depended for their safety on the favor of
+their fellow‐citizens, on their own abstention from giving offence.
+
+The sole protection against false accusations in the Roman Commonwealth
+lay in the penalties to which an accuser was subject should he fail to
+establish his charge. But as on conviction a portion of the estate of the
+guilty person was handed over to the accuser, there was an inducement to
+delation.
+
+Under the Julian and Claudian Cæsars the system had worked terribly. An
+entire class of men made denunciation their trade. They grew rich on the
+spoils of their victims, they spared none, and the judges themselves lived
+in fear of them. The evil became so intolerable that measures were taken
+to accentuate the risk to the accusers. If the Christians were not oftener
+denounced, the reason was that in the event of one lapsing, and through
+terror or pain abjuring Christ, then immediately the tables were turned,
+and the accuser was placed in danger of his life.
+
+When an Emperor issued an edict against the Christians he enacted no new
+law; he merely required that the existing laws should be put in force
+against them, and all risk to delators was removed in that no delation was
+exacted. On such an occasion every citizen and householder was required to
+appear before the court and offer a few grains of incense on an altar to
+the genius of the empire or of the prince. Should any one refuse to do
+this, then he was convicted of high treason and delivered over to the
+executioner to be either tortured or put to death off‐hand. When the
+magistrate deemed it important to obtain a recantation, then he had
+recourse to the rack, iron hooks, torches, thumbscrews as means of forcing
+the prisoner through pain to abjure Christ.
+
+The Christians in Nemausus had lived in complete tranquillity. There had
+been no persecution. They had multiplied.
+
+The peace enjoyed by the Church had been to it of a mixed advantage. Many
+had been included whose conversion was due to questionable motives. Some
+had joined through sincere conviction; more from conviction seasoned with
+expectation of advantage. The poor had soon learned that a very rich and
+abundant stream of charity flowed in the Church, that in it the sick and
+feeble were cared for and their necessities were supplied, whereas in the
+established paganism no regard was paid to the needy and suffering. Among
+the higher classes there were adherents who attached themselves to the
+Church rather because they disbelieved in heathenism than that they held
+to the Gospel. Some accepted the truth with the head, but their hearts
+remained untouched.
+
+None had given freer expression to his conviction that there were weak‐
+kneed and unworthy members than Marcianus the deacon. He had remonstrated
+with the bishop, he had scolded, repelled, but without effect. And now he
+had taken a daring step, the consequence of which would be that the
+members of the community would indeed be put to the test whether they were
+for Christ or Mammon. The conviction that a time of trial was come broke
+on the community like a thundercloud, and produced a panic. Many doubted
+their constancy, all shrank from being brought to a trial of their faith.
+The congregation in the house of Baudillas, when it had recovered from the
+first shock, resolved itself into groups agitated by various passions.
+Some launched into recrimination against Marcianus, who had brought them
+into jeopardy; some consulted in whispers how to escape the danger; a few
+fell into complete stupefaction of mind, unable to decide on any course.
+Others, again, abandoned themselves to despair and shrieked forth
+hysterical lamentations. Some crowded around Castor, clung to his garments
+and entreated him to save them. Others endeavored to escape from a place
+and association that would compromise them, by the back entrance to the
+servants’ portion of the house.
+
+A few, a very few maintained their composure, and extending their arms
+fell to prayer.
+
+Baudillas hurried from one party to another uttering words of reassurance,
+but his face was blanched, his voice quivered, and he was obviously
+employing formal expressions that conveyed no strength to his own heart.
+Marcianus, with folded arms, looked at him scornfully, and as he passed,
+said, “The bishop should not have ordained such an unstable and quaking
+being as thyself to serve in the sacred ministry.”
+
+“Ah, brother,” sighed Baudillas, “it is with me as with Peter. The spirit
+truly is willing, but the flesh is weak.”
+
+“That was spoken of him,” answered Marcianus, “before Pentecost and the
+outpouring of the spirit of strength. Such timidity, such feebleness are
+unworthy of a Christian.”
+
+“Pray for me that my faith fail not,” said Baudillas, and passed on. By
+action he deadened his fears. Now came in Pedo, the old servant of the
+house, who had been sent forth to reconnoiter. His report was not
+reassuring. The mob was sweeping through the streets, and insisting on
+every household producing an image at its doors and placing a light before
+it. There were fuglemen who directed the crowd, which had been divided
+into bands to perambulate every division of the town and make inquisition
+of every house. The mob had begun by breaking into such dwellings as were
+not protected by an image, and wrecking them. But after one or two of such
+acts of violence, the magistrates had interfered, and although they
+suffered the people to assemble before the houses and to clamor for the
+production of an image and a light, yet they sent _vigiles_ (_i.e._, the
+watch) to guard such dwellings as remained undecorated. When the master of
+the house refused obedience to the mandate of the mob, then an officer
+ordered him to open the door, and he summoned him to appear next day in
+court and there do sacrifice. By this means the mob was satisfied and
+passed on without violence.
+
+But as the crowd marched down the streets it arrested every man and woman
+that was encountered, and insisted on their swearing by the gods and
+blaspheming Christ.
+
+Castor ordered the congregation to depart by twos and by threes, to take
+side alleys, and to avoid the main thoroughfares. This was possible, as
+the _posticum_, a back door, communicated with a mean street that had the
+city wall for one side.
+
+“My sons and daughters in Christ,” said the bishop with composure,
+“remember that greater is He that is with us than those that be against
+us. When the servant of Elisha feared, then the Lord opened his eyes that
+he might behold the angels with chariots and horses of fire prepared to
+defend His servant. Avoid danger, but if it cannot be avoided stand firm.
+Remember His words, ‘He that confesseth me before men, him will I also
+confess before my Father which is in heaven.’”
+
+As soon as all had departed, but not till then, did Castor leave.
+Marcianus turned with a sneer to his fellow‐deacon and said, “Fly! you
+have full license from the bishop; and he sets the example himself.”
+
+“I must tarry in my own house,” answered Baudillas. “I have the ladies
+Quincta and Perpetua under my protection. They cannot return to their home
+until they be fetched.”
+
+“So! they lean on a broken reed such as thee!”
+
+“Alack! they have none other to trust to.”
+
+“The mob is descending our street,” cried the slave, Pedo, limping in.
+
+“What are we to do?” asked Quincta trembling. “If they discover me and my
+daughter here we are undone. They will tear her from my arms.”
+
+The deacon Baudillas clasped his hands to his head. Then his slave said:
+“Master, Tarsius is at the door with litters and bearers. He saith he hath
+been sent for the lady Perpetua.”
+
+“And for me?” asked Quincta eagerly.
+
+“And for thee also, lady. It is said that guards are observing thy house
+and that, therefore, thy slaves cannot venture hither. Therefore, so says
+Tarsius, his master, the wool‐merchant, Julius Largus, hath sent his
+litters and porters.”
+
+“But his house will be visited!”
+
+“The bearers have instructions as to what shall be done.”
+
+“This is strange,” said Quincta. “I did not suppose that Largus Litomarus
+would have shown such consideration. We are not acquainted—indeed we
+belong to different classes——”
+
+“Yet are ye one in Christ,” said the deacon. “Call in Tarsius, he shall
+explain the matter. But let him be speedy or the rabble will be on us.”
+
+“They are at the head of the street,” said the slave, “and visit the door
+of Terentius Cominius.”
+
+“He believes.”
+
+“And he has set out a figure of the Good Shepherd before his door with a
+lamp. The crowd regards it as a Mercury and has cheered and gone on to the
+next door.”
+
+Tarsius, thoroughly recovered from his intoxication, was now admitted. He
+looked none in the face, and stumbled through his tale. Julius Largus
+Litomarus had bidden him offer his litters; there were curtains closing
+them, and his servants would convey the ladies to a place of security.
+
+Quincta was too frightened, too impatient to be off, to question the man,
+nor was the deacon more nice in inquiry, for he also was in a condition of
+nervous unrest.
+
+The shouts of the mob could be heard.
+
+“I do not wholly trust this man,” said Baudillas. “He was expelled for
+misconduct. Yet, what can we do? Time presses! Hark!—in a brief space the
+rabble will be here. Next house is a common lodging and will not detain
+them. Would that Marcianus had remained. He could have advised us. Madam,
+act as you think best.”
+
+“The mob is on the move,” said Pedo. “They have been satisfied at the
+house of Dulcius Liber, and now Septimus Philadelphus is bringing out
+half‐a‐dozen gods. Master—there is not a moment to be lost.”
+
+“Let us fly—quick!” gasped Quincta.
+
+She plucked her daughter’s arm, and fairly dragged her along the passage
+out of the house.
+
+In the street they saw a flare. The rabble, held in control by some
+directing spirit, was furnished with torches. It was roaring outside a
+house, impatient because no statue was produced, and proceeded to throw
+stones and batter the door.
+
+“That house is empty,” whispered Pedo. “The master was bankrupt and
+everything sold. There is not a person in it.”
+
+Quincta mounted the _lectica_ or palanquin that was offered, without
+looking whether her daughter were safe, and allowed the bearers, nay urged
+them, to start at a trot.
+
+Tarsius remained behind. He handed Perpetua into the second closed litter,
+then gave the word, and ran beside it, holding the curtains together with
+one hand.
+
+Baudillas trembling for himself was now left alone.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XII
+
+                                   REUS
+
+
+“Master!” said the old slave, moving uneasily on his stiff joint, before
+the even more nervously agitated master, “Master, there is the freedwoman
+Glyceria below, who comes in charing. She has brought an idol of Tarranus
+under her cloak, and offers to set that with a lamp before the door. She
+is not a believer, she worships devils, but is a good soul and would save
+us. She awaits your permission.”
+
+The deacon was profoundly moved.
+
+“It must not be! It may not be! I—I am a deacon of the Church. This is
+known to be a Christian household. The Church is in my house, and here the
+divine mysteries are celebrated. If she had not asked my leave, and
+had—if—but no, I cannot sanction this. God strengthen me, I am distracted
+and weak.” The slave remained. He expected that his master in the end
+would yield.
+
+“And yet,” stammered Baudillas, “He hath compassion on the infirm and
+feeble. He forgave Peter. May He not pardon me if—? Glyceria is a heathen
+woman. She does not belong to my family. I did not propose this. I am not
+responsible for her acts. But no—it would be a betrayal of the truth, a
+dishonor to the Church. He that confesseth me before men—no, no, Pedo, it
+may not be.”
+
+“And now it is too late,” said the slave. “They are at the door.”
+
+Blows resounded through the house, and the roar of voices from the street
+surged up over the roof, and poured in through the opening over the
+_impluvium_. It was as though a mighty sea were thundering against the
+house and the waves curled over it and plunged in through the gap above
+the court.
+
+“You must open, Pedo. I will run upstairs for a moment and compose myself.
+Then—if it must be—but do not suffer the rabble to enter. If a prefect be
+there, or his underling and soldiers, let them keep the door. Say I shall
+be down directly. Yet stay—is the _posticum_ available for escape?”
+
+“Sir—the mob have detailed a party to go to the backs of the houses and
+watch every way of exit.”
+
+“Then it is God’s will that I be taken. I cannot help myself. I am glad I
+said No to the offer of Glyceria.”
+
+The deacon ascended a flight of limestone steps to the upper story. The
+slabs were worn and cracked, and had not been repaired owing to his
+poverty. He entered a room that looked out on the street, and went to the
+window.
+
+The street above his doorway was dense with people, below it was
+completely empty. Torches threw up a glare illumining the white façades of
+the houses. He saw a sea of heads below. He heard the growl of voices
+breaking into a foam of coarse laughter. Curses uttered against the
+Christians, blasphemies against Christ, words of foulness, threats, brutal
+jests, formed the matter of the hubbub below. A man bearing a white wand
+with a sprig of artificial mistletoe at the end, gave directions to the
+people where to go, where to stop, what to do. He was the head of the
+branch of the guild of the Cultores Nemausi for that portion of the town.
+
+Someone in the mob lifting his face, looked up and saw the deacon at the
+window, and at once shouted, “There! there he is! Baudillas Macer, come
+down, sacrilegious one! That is he who carried the maiden away.”
+
+Then rose hoots and yells, and a boy putting his hands together and
+blowing produced an unearthly scream.
+
+“He is one of them! He is a ringleader! He has an ass’s head in the house
+to which he sacrifices our little ones. He it was who stuck needles into
+the child of the potter Fusius, and then gnawed off the cheeks and
+fingers. He can inform where is the daughter of Aulus Harpinius who was
+snatched from the basin of the god. Let us avenge on him the great
+sacrilege that has been committed. It was he who struck off the head of
+the god.”
+
+Then one flung a stone that crashed into the room, and had not Baudillas
+drawn back, it would have struck and thrown him down stunned.
+
+“Let the house be ransacked!” yelled the mob. “We will seek in it for the
+bones of the murdered children. Break open the door if he will not
+unfasten. Bring a ladder, we will enter by the windows. Someone ascend to
+the roof and drop into the _atrium_.”
+
+Then ensued a rush against the valves, but they were too solid to yield;
+and the bars held them firm, run as they were into their sockets in the
+solid wall.
+
+The slave Pedo now knocked on the inside. This was the signal that he was
+about to open.
+
+The soldiers drew up across the entrance, and when the door was opened,
+suffered none to enter the house save the deputy of the prefect with four
+of his police, and some of the leaders of the Cultores Nemausi. And now a
+strange calm fell on the hitherto troubled spirit of Baudillas. He was
+aware that no effort he could make would enable him to escape. His knees,
+indeed, shook under him as he went to the stairs to descend, and
+forgetting that the tenth step was broken, he stumbled at it and was
+nearly precipitated to the bottom. Yet all wavering, all hesitation in his
+mind was at an end.
+
+He saw the men in the court running about, calling to each other, peering
+into every room, cubicle, and closet; one called that the cellar was the
+place in which the infamous rites of the Christians were performed and
+that there would be found amphoræ filled with human blood. Then one
+shouted that in the _tablinum_ there was naught save a small table.
+Immediately after a howl rose from those who had penetrated to the
+_triclinium_, and next moment they came rushing forth in such excitement
+that they dragged down the curtain that hung before the door and entangled
+their feet in it. One, not staying to disengage himself, held up his hands
+and exhibited the broken head of the statue, that had been brought there
+by Marcianus, and by him left on the floor.
+
+“It is he who has done it! The sacrilegious one! The defacer of the holy
+image!” howled the men, and fell upon the deacon with their fists. Some
+plucked at his hair; one spat in his face. Others kicked him, and tripping
+him up, cast him his length on the ground, where they would have beaten
+and trampled the life out of him, had not the deputy of the ædile
+interfered, rescued him from the hands of his assailants and thrust him
+into a chamber at the side of the hall, saying: “He shall be brought
+before the magistrate. It is not for you to take into your hands the
+execution of criminals untried and uncondemned.”
+
+Then one of the officers of the club ran to the doorway of the house, and
+cried: “Citizens of Nemausus, hearken. The author of the egregious impiety
+has been discovered. It is Cneius Baudillas Macer, who belongs to an
+ancient, though decayed, family of this town. He who should have been the
+last to dishonor the divine founder has raised his parricidal hand against
+him. He stands convicted. The head of the god has been found in the house;
+it is that recently broken off from the statue by the baths. Eheu! Eheu!
+Woe be to the city, unless this indignity be purged away.”
+
+A yell of indignation rose as an answer.
+
+The slave Pedo was suffered to enter the bedroom, on the floor of which
+lay his master bruised and with his face bleeding; for some of his front
+teeth had been broken and his lips were cut.
+
+“Oh master! dear master! What is to be done?” asked the faithful creature,
+sobbing in his distress.
+
+“I wonder greatly, Pedo, how I have endured so much. My fear is lest in
+the end I fall away. I enjoin you—there is naught else you can do for
+me—seek the bishop, and ask that the prayers of the Church may go up to
+the Throne of Grace for me. I am feeble and frail. I was a frightened shy
+lad in old times. If I were to fall, it would be a shame to the Church of
+God in this town, this Church that has so many more worthy than myself in
+it.”
+
+“Can I bring thee aught, master? Water and a towel?”
+
+“Nay, nothing, Pedo! Do as I bid. It is all that I now desire.”
+
+The soldiers entered, raised the deacon, and made him walk between them. A
+man was placed in front, another behind to protect him against the people.
+As Baudillas was conveyed down the _ostium_, the passage to the door, he
+could see faces glowering in at him; he heard angry voices howling at him;
+an involuntary shrinking came over him, but he was irresistibly drawn
+forward by the soldiers. On being thrust through the doorway before all,
+then a great roar broke forth, fists and sticks were shaken at him, but
+none ventured to cast stones lest the soldiers should be struck.
+
+One portion of the mob now detached itself from the main body, so as to
+follow and surround the deacon and assure itself that he did not escape
+before he was consigned to the prison.
+
+The city of Nemausus, capital of the Volcæ Arecomici, though included
+geographically in the province of Narbonese Gaul, was in fact an
+independent republic, not subject to the proconsul, but under Roman
+suzerainty. With twenty‐four _comæ_ or townships under it, it governed
+itself by popular election, and enjoyed the _lex Italica_. This little
+republic was free from land tax, and it was governed by four
+functionaries, the Quatuor‐viri, two of whom looked after the finances,
+and two, like the _duum‐viri_ elsewhere, were for the purpose of
+maintaining order, and the criminal jurisdiction was in their hands. Their
+title in full was _duum viri juri dicendo_, and they were annually elected
+by the senate. Their function was much that in small of the Roman consuls,
+and they were sometimes in joke entitled consuls. They presided over the
+senate and had the government of the town and state in their hands during
+their tenure of office. On leaving their office they petitioned for and
+received the right to ride horses, and were accounted knights. They wore
+the dignified _præ texta_, and were attended by two lictors.
+
+Baudillas walked between his escort. He was in a dazed condition. The
+noise, the execrations cast at him, the flashing of the torches on the
+helmets and breastplates of the guard, the glittering eyes and teeth of
+the faces peering at him, the pain from the contusions he had received
+combined to bewilder him. In the darkness and confusion of his brain, but
+one thought remained permanent and burnt like a brilliant light, his
+belief in Christ, and one desire occupied his soul, to be true to his
+faith. He was too distracted to pray. He could not rally his senses nor
+fix his ideas, but the yearning of his humble soul rose up, like the steam
+from a new turned glebe in the sun of a spring morning.
+
+In times of persecution certain strong spirits had rushed to confession
+and martyrdom in an intoxication of zeal, such as Baudillas could not
+understand. He did not think of winning the crown of martyrdom, but he
+trembled lest he should prove a castaway.
+
+Thrust forward, dragged along, now stumbling, then righted by the soldiers
+sustaining him, Baudillas was conveyed to the forum and to the basilica
+where the magistrate was seated.
+
+On account of the disturbance, the Duum‐vir—we will so term him though he
+was actually one of the Quatuor‐viri—he whose turn it was to maintain
+order and administer justice, had taken his place in the court, so as to
+be able to consign to custody such as were brought in by the guard on
+suspicion of being implicated in the outrage; he was there as well for the
+purpose of being ready to take measures promptly should the mob become
+unmanageable. So long as it was under control, he did not object to its
+action, but he had no thought of letting it get the upper hand. Rioters,
+like children, have a liking for fire, and if they were suffered to apply
+their torches to the houses of Christians might produce a general
+conflagration.
+
+Although the magistrates were chosen by popular election, it was not those
+who constituted the rabble who had votes, and had to be humored, but the
+citizen householders, who viewed the upheaval of the masses with jealous
+suspicion.
+
+That the proceedings should be conducted in an orderly manner,
+instructions had been issued that no arrest was to be made without there
+being someone forthcoming to act as accuser, and the soldiers were
+enjoined to protect whosoever was menaced against whom no one was prepared
+to formulate a charge which he would sustain in court.
+
+In the case of Baudillas there would be no difficulty. The man—he was the
+treasurer of the guild—who had found the mutilated head was ready to
+appear against him.
+
+The court into which the deacon was brought rapidly filled with a crowd,
+directly he had been placed in what we should now call the dock. Then the
+accuser stood up and gave his name. The magistrate accepted the
+accusation. Whereupon the accuser made oath that he acted from no private
+motive of hostility to the accused, and that he was not bribed by a third
+person to delate him. This done, he proceeded to narrate how he had
+entered the house of Baudillas, surnamed Macer, who was generally believed
+to be a minister of the sect of the Christians; how that in searching the
+house he had lighted on a mutilated head on the pavement of the
+_triclinium_. He further stated that he well knew the statue of the god
+Nemausus that stood by the fountain which supplied the lower town, and
+that he was firmly convinced that the head which he now produced had
+belonged to the statue, which statue had that very night been wantonly and
+impiously defaced. He therefore concluded that the owner of the house,
+Baudillas Macer, was either directly or indirectly guilty of the act of
+sacrilege, and he demanded his punishment in accordance with the law.
+
+This sufficed as preliminary.
+
+Baudillas was now _reus_, and as such was ordered to be conveyed to
+prison, there to be confined until the morning, when the interrogation
+would take place.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XIII
+
+                                 AD FINES
+
+
+Perpetua was carried along at a swinging trot in the closed litter, till
+the end of the street had been reached, and then, after a corner had been
+turned, the bearers relaxed their pace. It was too dark for her to see
+what were the buildings past which she was taken, even had she withdrawn
+the curtains that shut in the litter; but to withdraw these curtains would
+have required her to exert some force, as they were held together in the
+grasp of Tarsius, running and striding at the side. But, indeed, she did
+not suppose it necessary to observe the direction in which she was being
+conveyed. She had accepted in good faith the assurance that the _lectica_
+had been sent by the rich Christian wool merchant, Largus Litomarus, and
+had acquiesced in her mother’s readiness to accept the offer, without a
+shadow of suspicion.
+
+God had delivered her from a watery death, and she regarded the gift as
+one to be respected; her life thus granted her was not to be wilfully
+thrown away or unnecessarily jeopardized. Unless she escaped from the
+house of the deacon, she would fall into the hands of the rabble, and this
+was a prospect more terrifying than any other. If called upon again to
+witness a good confession, she would do so, God helping her, but she was
+glad to be spared the ordeal.
+
+It was not till the porters halted, and knocked at a door, and she had
+descended from the palanquin, that some suspicion crossed her mind that
+all was not right. She looked about her, and inquired for her mother. Then
+one whom she had not hitherto noticed drew nigh, bowing, and said: “Lady,
+your youthful and still beautiful mother will be here presently. The
+slaves who carry her have gone about another way so as to divert attention
+from your priceless self, should any of the mob have set off in pursuit.”
+
+The tone of the address surprised the girl. Her mother was not young, and
+although in her eyes that mother was lovely, yet Quincta was not usually
+approached with expressions of admiration for her beauty.
+
+Again Perpetua accepted what was said, as the reason given was plausible,
+and entered the house. The first thing she observed, by the torch glare,
+was a statue of Apollo. She was surprised, and inquired, hesitatingly, “Is
+this the house of Julius Largus Litomarus?”
+
+“Admirable is your ladyship’s perspicuity. Even in the dark those more‐
+than‐Argus eyes discern the truth. The worthy citizen Largus belongs to
+the sect. He is menaced as well as other excellent citizens by the
+unreasoning and irrational vulgar. He has therefore instructed that you
+should be conveyed to the dwelling of a friend, only deploring that it
+should be unworthy of your presence.”
+
+“May I ask your name, sir?”
+
+“Septimus Callipodius, at your service.”
+
+“I do not remember to have heard the name, but,” she added with courtesy,
+“that is due to my ignorance as a young girl, or to my defective memory.”
+
+“It is a name that has not deserved to be harbored in the treasury of such
+a mind.”
+
+The girl was uneasy. The fulsome compliment and the obsequious bow of the
+speaker were not merely repugnant to her good taste, but filled her with
+vague misgivings. It was true that exaggeration and flattery in address
+were common enough at the period, but not among Christians, who abstained
+from such extravagance. The mode of speaking adopted by Callipodius
+stamped him as not being one of the faithful.
+
+“I will summon a female slave to attend on your ladyship,” said he; “and
+she will conduct you to the women’s apartments. Ask for whatever you
+desire. The entire contents of the house are at your disposal.”
+
+“I prefer to remain here in the court till my mother shall arrive.”
+
+“Alas! adorable lady! it is possible that you may have to endure her
+absence for some time. Owing to the disturbed condition of the streets, it
+is to be feared that her carriage has been stopped; it is not unlikely
+that she may have been compelled to take refuge elsewhere; but, under no
+circumstances short of being absolutely prevented from joining you, will
+she fail to meet you to‐morrow in the villa Ad Fines.”
+
+“Whose villa?”
+
+“The villa to which, for security, you and your mother the Lady Quincta
+are to be conveyed till the disturbances are over, and the excitement in
+men’s minds has abated. By Hercules! one might say that the drama of the
+quest of Proserpine by Ceres were being rehearsed, were it not that the
+daughter is seeking the mother as well as the latter her incomparable
+child.”
+
+“I cannot go to Ad Fines without her.”
+
+“Lady, in all humility, as unworthy to advise you in anything, I would
+venture to suggest that your safety depends on accepting the means of
+escape that are offered. The high priestess has declared that nothing will
+satisfy the incensed god but that you should be surrendered to her, and
+what mercy you would be likely to encounter at her hands, after what has
+taken place, your penetrating mind will readily perceive. Such being the
+case, I dare recommend that you snatch at the opportunity offered, fly the
+city and hide in the villa of a friend who will die rather than surrender
+you. None will suspect that you are there.”
+
+“What friend? Largus Litomarus is scarcely to be termed an acquaintance of
+my mother.”
+
+“Danger draws close all generous ties,” said Callipodius.
+
+“But my mother?”
+
+“Your mother, gifted with vast prudence, may have judged that her presence
+along with you would increase the danger to yourself. I do not say so. But
+it may so happen that her absence at this moment may be due to her good
+judgment. On the other hand, it may also have chanced, as I already
+intimated, that her litter has been stayed, and she has been constrained
+to sacrifice.”
+
+“That she will never do.”
+
+“In that case, I shudder at the consequences. But why suppose the worst?
+She has been delayed. And now, lady, suffer me to withdraw—it is an
+eclipse of my light to be beyond the radiance of your eyes. I depart,
+however, animated by the conviction, and winging my steps, that I go to
+perform your dearest wish—to obtain information relative to your lady
+mother, and to learn when and where she will rejoin you. Be ready to start
+at dawn—as soon as the city gates are opened, and that will be in another
+hour.”
+
+Then Perpetua resigned herself to the female servants, who led her into
+the inner and more private portions of the house, reached by means of a
+passage called “the Jaws” (_fauces_).
+
+Perpetua was aware that she was in a difficult situation, one in which she
+was unable to know how she was placed, and from which she could not
+extricate herself. She was young and inexperienced, and, on the whole,
+inclined to trust what she was told.
+
+In pagan Rome, it was not customary for girls to be allowed the liberty
+that alone could give them self‐confidence. Perhaps the condition of that
+evil world was such that this would not have been possible. When the
+foulest vice flaunted in public without a blush, when even religion
+demoralized, then a Roman parent held that the only security for the
+innocence of a daughter lay in keeping her closely guarded from every
+corrupting sight and sound. She was separated from her brothers and from
+all men; she associated with her mother and with female slaves only. She
+was hardly allowed in the street or road, except in a litter with curtains
+close drawn, unless it were at some religious festival or public ceremony,
+when she was attended by her relatives and not allowed out of their sight.
+
+This was due not merely to the fact that evil was rampant, but also to the
+conviction in the hearts of parents that innocence could be preserved only
+by ignorance. They were unable to supply a child with any moral principle,
+to give it any law for the government of life, which would plant the best
+guardian of virtue within, in the heart.
+
+Augustus, knowing of no divine law, elevated sentimental admiration for
+the simplicity of the ancients into a principle—only to discover that it
+was inadequate to bear the strain put on it; that the young failed to
+comprehend why they should control their passions and deny themselves
+pleasures out of antiquarian pedantry. Marcus Aurelius had sought in
+philosophy a law that would keep life pure and noble, but his son Commodus
+cast philosophy to the winds as a bubble blown by the breath of man, and
+became a monster of vice. Public opinion was an unstable guide. It did
+worse than fluctuate, it sank. Much was tolerated under the Empire that
+was abhorrent to the conscience under the Republic. It allowed to‐day what
+it had condemned yesterday. It was a nose of wax molded by the vicious
+governing classes, accommodated to their license.
+
+Although a Christian maiden was supplied with that which the most exalted
+philosophy could not furnish—a revealed moral code, descending from the
+Creator of man for the governance of man, yet Christian parents could not
+expose their children to contamination of mind by allowing them the wide
+freedom given at this day to an English or American girl. Moreover, the
+customs of social life had to be complied with, and could not be broken
+through. Christian girls were accordingly still under some restraint, were
+kept dependent on their parents, and were not allowed those opportunities
+for free action which alone develop individuality and give independence of
+character. Nevertheless, in times of persecution, when many of these
+maidens thus closely watched were brought to the proof of their faith,
+they proved as strong as men—so mighty was the grace of God, so stubborn
+was faith.
+
+Although Perpetua was greatly exhausted by the strain to which she had
+been exposed during the day, she could not rest when left to herself in a
+quiet room, so alarmed was she at the absence of her mother.
+
+An hour passed, then a second. Finally, steps sounded in the corridor
+before her chamber, and she knew that she must rise from the couch on
+which she had cast herself and continue her flight.
+
+A slave presented herself to inform Perpetua that Callipodius had returned
+with the tidings that her mother was unable at once to rejoin her, that
+she was well and safe, and had preceded her to Ad Fines; that she desired
+her daughter to follow with the utmost expedition, and that she was
+impatient to embrace her. The slave woman added that the streets were now
+quiet, the city gates were open, and that the litter was at the door in
+readiness.
+
+“I will follow you with all speed. Leave me to myself.”
+
+Then, when the slave had withdrawn, Perpetua hastily arranged her ruffled
+hair, extended her arms, and turning to the east, invoked the protection
+of the God who had promised, “I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee.”
+
+On descending to the _atrium_, Perpetua knelt by the water‐tank and bathed
+her face and neck. Then she mounted the litter that awaited her outside
+the house. The bearers at once started at a run, nor did they desist till
+they had passed through the city gate on the road that led to the mountain
+range of the Cebennæ. This was no military way, but it led into the
+pleasant country where the citizens of Nemausus and some of the rich
+merchants of Narbo had their summer quarters.
+
+The gray dawn had appeared. Market people from the country were coming
+into the town with their produce in baskets and carts.
+
+The bearers jogged along till the road ascended with sufficient rapidity
+to make them short of breath. The morning was cold. A streak of light lay
+in the east, and the wind blew fresh from the same quarter. The colorless
+white dawn overflowed the plain of the Rhodanus, thickly strewn with
+olives, whose gray foliage was much of the same tint as the sky overhead.
+To the south and southeast the olive plantations were broken by tracts of
+water, some permanent lagoons, others due to recent inundations. To the
+right, straight as an arrow, white as snow, ran the high road from Italy
+to Spain, that crossed the Rhodanus at Ugernum, the modern Beaucaire, and
+came from Italy by Tegulata, the scene of the victory of Marius over the
+Cimbri, and by Aquæ Sextiæ and its hot springs.
+
+The journey was long; the light grew. Presently the sun rose and flushed
+all with light and heat. The chill that had penetrated to the marrow of
+the drowsy girl gave way. She had refused food before starting; now, when
+the bearers halted at a little wayside tavern for refreshment and rest,
+she accepted some cakes and spiced wine from the fresh open‐faced hostess
+with kindly eyes and a pleasant smile, and felt her spirits revive. Was
+she not to rejoin her dear mother? Had she not escaped with her life from
+extreme peril? Was she not going to a place where she would be free from
+pursuit?
+
+She continued her journey with a less anxious heart. The scenery improved,
+the heights were wooded, there were juniper bushes, here and there tufts
+of pale helebore.
+
+Then the litter was borne on to a terrace before a mass of limestone crag
+and forest that rose in the rear. A slave came to the side of the
+palanquin and drew back the curtain. Perpetua saw a bright pretty villa,
+with pillars before it forming a peristyle. On the terrace was a fountain
+plashing in a basin.
+
+“Lady,” said the slave, “this is Ad Fines. The master salutes you humbly,
+and requests that you will enter.”
+
+“The master? What master?”
+
+“Æmilius Lentulus Varo.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XIV
+
+                           TO THE LOWEST DEPTH
+
+
+Baudillas found that there were already many in the prison, who had been
+swept together by the mob and the soldiers, either for having refused to
+produce an image, or for having declined to sacrifice. To his no small
+surprise he saw among them the wool‐merchant Julius Largus Litomarus. The
+crowd had surrounded his house, and as he had not complied with their
+demands, they had sent him to the duumvir,(6) Petronius Atacinus, who had
+consigned him to prison till, at his leisure, he could investigate the
+charge against him.
+
+The two magistrates who sat in court and gave sentence were Petronius
+Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, and they took it in turns to sit, each
+being the acting magistrate for a month, when he was succeeded by the
+other. Atacinus was a humane man, easy‐going, related to the best families
+in the place, and acquainted with such as he was not allied with by blood
+or marriage. His position, in face of the commotion relative to the
+mutilation of the image and the rescue of Perpetua, was not an easy one.
+
+In Rome and in every other important city, the _flamen_, or chief priest,
+occupied a post of considerable importance and influence. He sat in the
+seat at the games and in the theater next to the chief magistrates, and
+took precedence over every other officer in the town. Nemausus had such a
+_flamen_, and he was not only the official religious head in the place,
+but was also the _flamen Augustalis_, the pontiff connected with the
+worship of Augustus, which had become the predominant cult in Narbonese
+Gaul, and also head of the College of the Augustals, that comprised the
+very powerful body of freedmen. The priestess of the divine founder and
+giver of the fountain shared his dignity and authority. Between them they
+could exercise a preponderating power in the town, and it would be in vain
+for Petronius Atacinus, however easy‐going he might be, and disinclined to
+shed blood, to pass over what had been done without affording satisfaction
+to the pagan party moved and held together by the priesthood.
+
+Yet the duumvir judged that it would be eminently unadvisable for him to
+proceed with too great severity, and to punish too many persons.
+Christianity had many adherents in the place, and some of these belonged
+to the noble, others to the mercantile, families. The general wish among
+the well‐to‐do was that there should be no systematic persecution. An
+inquisitorial search after Christians would break up families, rouse angry
+passions, and, above all, disturb business.
+
+Petronius had already resolved on his course. He had used every sort of
+evasion that could be practiced. He had knowingly abstained from enjoining
+on the keepers of the city gates the requisition of a passport from such
+as left the town. The more who fled and concealed themselves, the better
+pleased would he be.
+
+Nevertheless, he had no thought of allowing the mutilation of the statue
+to pass unpunished, and he was resolved on satisfying the priesthood by
+restoring Perpetua to them. If he were obliged to put any to death, he
+would shed the blood only of such as were inconsiderable and friendless.
+
+There was another element that entered into the matter, and which helped
+to render Atacinus inclined to leniency. The Cæsar at the time was M.
+Aurelius Antoninus, commonly known as Caracalla. He had been brought up
+from infancy by a Christian nurse, and was thought to harbor a lurking
+regard for the members of the religion of Christ. At any rate, he
+displayed no intolerance towards those who professed it. He was, himself,
+a ferocious tyrant, as capricious as he was cruel. He had murdered his
+brother Geta in a fit of jealousy, and his conscience, tortured by
+remorse, drove him to seek relief by prying into the mysteries of strange
+religions.
+
+The duumvir Atacinus was alive to the inclinations and the temper of the
+prince, and was the more afraid of offending him by persecution of the
+Christians, as the Emperor was about shortly to visit Gaul, and might even
+pass through Nemausus.
+
+If in such a condition of affairs the Christians were exposed to danger,
+it may well be inferred that, where it was less favorable, their situation
+was surrounded with danger. They were at all times liable to fall victims
+to popular tumults, occasioned sometimes by panic produced by an
+earthquake, by resentment at an accidental conflagration which the vulgar
+insisted on referring to the Christians, sometimes by distress at the
+breaking out of an epidemic. On such occasions the unreasoning rabble
+clamored that the gods were incensed at the spread of the new atheism, and
+that the Christians must be cast to the lions.
+
+When Baudillas saw the wool merchant in the prison, he went to him
+immediately. Litomarus was sitting disconsolately on a stone bench with
+his back against the prison wall.
+
+“I did not go to the Agape,” said he; “I was afraid to do so. But I might
+as well. The people bellowed under my windows like bulls of Bashan.”
+
+“And you did not exhibit an image?”
+
+“No, I could not do that. Then the _viatores_ of the ædiles took me in
+charge. I was hustled about, and was dragged off here. My wife fell down
+in a faint. I do not think she will recover the shock. She has been in a
+weak condition ever since the death of our little Cordula. We loved that
+child. We were wrapped up in her. Marcianus said that we made of the
+little creature an earthly idol, and that it was right she should be taken
+away. I do not know. She had such winning ways. One could not help loving
+her. She made such droll remarks, and screwed up her little eyes——”
+
+“But before you were arrested, you thought considerately of Perpetua and
+her mother Quincta.”
+
+“I do not understand to what you refer.”
+
+“To the sending of litters for them.”
+
+“I sent no litters.”
+
+“Your slave Tarsius came to my house to announce that you had been pleased
+to remember the ladies there taking refuge, and that you had placed your
+two palanquins at their disposal.”
+
+“Tarsius said this?”
+
+“Even Tarsius.”
+
+“Tarsius is a slippery rascal. He was very fond of our little Cordula, and
+was wont to carry her on his shoulder, so we have liked him because of
+that. Nevertheless, he is—well, not trustworthy.”
+
+“May God avert that a trap has been laid to ensnare the virgin and her
+mother. Tarsius was expelled the Church for inebriety.”
+
+“I know nothing about the palanquins. I have but one. After the death of
+little Cordula, I did not care to keep a second. I always carry about with
+me a lock cut from her head after death. It is like floss silk.”
+
+The wool merchant was too greatly absorbed in his own troubles to give
+attention to the matter that had been broached by the deacon. Baudillas
+withdrew to another part of the prison in serious concern.
+
+When day broke, Litomarus was released. His brother was a pagan and had
+easily satisfied the magistrate. This brother was in the firm, and
+traveled for it, buying fleeces from the shepherds on the limestone
+plateaux of Niger and Larsacus. He had been away the day before, but on
+his return in the morning, on learning that Julius was arrested, he spoke
+with the duumvir, presented him with a ripe ewe’s milk cheese just brought
+by him from Larsacus, and obtained the discharge of Julius without further
+difficulty.
+
+Baudillas remained in prison that morning, and it was not till the
+afternoon that he was conducted into court. By this time the duumvir was
+tired and irritable. The _flamen_ had arrived and had spoken with
+Atacinus, and complained that no example had been made, that the
+Christians were being released, and that, unless some sharp punishments
+were administered, the people, incensed at the leniency that had been
+exhibited, would break out in uproar again. Petronius Atacinus, angry,
+tired out, hungry and peevish, at once sent for the deacon.
+
+The head of the god had been found in his house, and he had been seen
+conveying the rescued virgin from the fountain, and must certainly know
+where she was concealed.
+
+It was noticeable that nothing had been said about the punishing of
+Æmilius. Even the god, as interpreted by the priestess, had made no demand
+that he should be dealt with; in fact, had not mentioned him. The duumvir
+perfectly understood this reticence. Æmilius Lentulus belonged to a good
+family in the upper town, and to that most powerful and dreaded of all
+professions—the law. Even the divine founder shrank from attacking a
+member of the long robe, and a citizen of the upper town.
+
+When Baudillas appeared in court, the magistrate demanded an explanation
+of the fact of the broken head being found in his house, and further asked
+of him where Perpetua was concealed.
+
+Baudillas would offer no explanation on the first head; he could not do so
+without incriminating his brother in the ministry. He denied that he had
+committed the act of violence, but not that he knew who had perpetrated
+the outrage. As to where Perpetua was, that he could not say, because he
+did not know. His profession of ignorance was not believed. He was
+threatened with torture, but in vain. Thereupon the duumvir sentenced him
+to be committed to the _robur_, and consigned to the lowest depth thereof,
+there to remain till such time as he chose to reveal the required
+information.
+
+Then Petronius Atacinus turned and looked at the _flamen_ with a smile,
+and the latter responded with a well‐satisfied nod.
+
+A Roman prison consisted of several parts, and the degree of severity
+exercised was marked by the portion of the _carcer_ to which the prisoner
+was consigned. Roman law knew nothing of imprisonment for a term as a
+punishment. The _carcer_ was employed either as a place for temporary
+detention till trial, or else it was one for execution.
+
+The most tolerable portion of the jail consisted of the outer court, with
+its cells, and a hall for shelter in cold and wet weather. This was in
+fact the common _atrium_ on an enlarged scale and without its luxuries.
+But there was another part of the prison entitled the _robur_, after the
+Tullian prison at Rome. This consisted of one large vaulted chamber devoid
+of window, accessible only by the door, through the interstices of which
+alone light and air could enter. It derived its name from oak beams
+planted against the walls, to which were attached chains, by means of
+which prisoners were fastened to them. In the center of the floor was a
+round hole, with or without a low breastwork, and this hole communicated
+with an abyss sometimes given the Greek name of _barathrum_, with conical
+dome, the opening being in the center. This pit was deep in mire. Into it
+flowed the sewage of the prison, and the outfall was secured by a
+grating.(7) The title of _barathrum_ sometimes accorded to this lower
+portion of the dungeon was derived from a swamp near Athens, in which
+certain malefactors were smothered.
+
+When Jeremiah was accused before King Zedekiah of inciting the people to
+come to terms with the Chaldeans, he was put into such a place as this.
+
+“Then took they Jeremiah, and cast him into the dungeon of Malchiah, that
+was in the court of the prison, and they let down Jeremiah with cords. And
+in the dungeon there was no water, but mire; so Jeremiah sunk in the
+mire.”
+
+When Paul and Silas were at Philippi, they were imprisoned in the superior
+portion of the _robur_, where were the stocks, whereas the other prisoners
+were in the outer portion, that was more comfortable, and where they had
+some freedom of movement.
+
+Baudillas turned gray with horror at the thought of being consigned to the
+awful abyss. His courage failed him and he lost power in his knees, so
+that he was unable to sustain himself, and the jailer’s assistants were
+constrained to carry him.
+
+As he was conveyed through the outer court, those who were awaiting their
+trial crowded around him, to clasp and kiss his hand, to encourage him to
+play the man for Christ, and to salute him reverently as a martyr.
+
+“I am no martyr, good brethren,” said the deacon in a feeble voice. “I am
+not called to suffer for the faith, I have not been asked to sacrifice; I
+am to be thrown down into the pit, because I cannot reveal what I do not
+know.”
+
+One man, turning to his fellow, said, in a low tone: “If I were given my
+choice, I would die by fire rather than linger in the pit.”
+
+“Will he die there of starvation?” asked another, “or will he smother in
+the mire?”
+
+“If he be sentenced to be retained there till he tells what he does not
+know, he must die there, it matters not how.”
+
+“God deliver me from such a trial of my faith! I might win the crown
+through the sword, but a passage to everlasting life through that foul
+abyss—that would be past endurance.”
+
+As Baudillas was supported through the doorway into the inner prison, he
+turned his head and looked at the brilliant sky above the yard wall. Then
+the door was shut and barred behind him. All, however, was not absolutely
+dark, for there was a gap, through which two fingers could be thrust,
+under the door, and the sun lay on the threshold and sent a faint
+reflection through the chamber.
+
+Nevertheless, on entering from the glare of the sun, it seemed to
+Baudillas at first as though he were plunged in darkness, and it was not
+for some moments that he could distinguish the ledge that surrounded the
+well‐like opening. The jailer now proceeded to strike a light, and after
+some trouble and curses, as he grazed his knuckles, he succeeded in
+kindling a lamp. He now produced a rope, and made a loop at one end about
+a short crosspole.
+
+“Sit astride on that,” said he curtly.
+
+Baudillas complied, and with his hands grasped the cord.
+
+Then slowly he was lowered into the pitch blackness below. Down—down—down
+he descended, till he plashed into the mire.
+
+The jailer holding the lamp, looked down and called to him to release the
+rope. The deacon obeyed. There he stood, looking up, watching the dancing
+pole as it mounted, then saw the spark of the lamp withdrawn; heard the
+retreating steps of the jailer, then a clash like thunder. The door of the
+_robur_ was shut. He was alone at the bottom of this fetid abyss.
+
+Then he said, and tears coursed down his cheeks as he said it: “Thou hast
+laid me in the lowest pit—in the place of darkness and in the grave.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XV
+
+                          “REVEALED UNTO BABES”
+
+
+On account of the death in the family of the timber merchant, Æmilius left
+the house and took a room and engaged attendance in the cottage of a
+cordwainer a little way off. The house was clean, and the good woman was
+able to cook him a meal not drowned in oil nor rank with garlic.
+
+He was uneasy because Callipodius did not return, and he obtained no
+tidings concerning Perpetua. The image of this maiden, with a face of
+transparent purity, out of which shone the radiance of a beautiful soul,
+haunted his imagination and fluttered his heart. He walked by the side of
+the flooded tract of land, noticed that the water was falling, and looked,
+at every turn he took, in the direction of Nemausus, expecting the arrival
+of his client, but always in vain.
+
+He did at length see a boat approach, towards evening, and he paced the
+little landing‐place with quick strides till it ran up against it; and
+then only, to his disappointment, did he see that Callipodius was not
+there. Castor disembarked.
+
+On the strength of his slight acquaintance Æmilius greeted the bishop. The
+suspense was become unendurable. He asked to be granted a few words in
+private. To this Castor gladly consented.
+
+He, the head of the Christian community, had remained unmolested. He
+belonged to a senatorial family in the town, and had relations among the
+most important officials. The duumvir would undoubtedly leave him alone
+unless absolutely obliged to lay hands on him. Nemausus was divided into
+two towns, the Upper and the Lower, each with its own water‐supply, its
+own baths, and each distinct in social composition.
+
+The lower town, the old Gallic city, that venerated the hero‐founder of
+the same name as the town, was occupied by the old Volcian population and
+by a vast number of emancipated slaves of every nationality, many engaged
+in trade and very rich. These freedmen were fused into one “order,” as it
+was termed, that of the _Liberti_.
+
+The upper town contained the finest houses, and was inhabited by the Roman
+colonists, by some descendants of the first Phocean settlers, and by such
+of the old Gaulish nobility as had most completely identified themselves
+with their conquerors. These had retained their estates and had enriched
+themselves by taking Government contracts.
+
+Such scions of the old Gaulish houses had become fused by marriage and
+community of interest with the families of the first colonists, and they
+affected contempt for the pure‐blooded old aristocracy who had sunk into
+poverty and insignificance in their decayed mansions in Lower Nemausus.
+
+Of late years, slowly yet surely, the freedmen who had amassed wealth had
+begun to invade superior Nemausus, had built themselves houses of greater
+magnificence and maintained an ostentatious splendor that excited the envy
+and provoked the resentment of the old senatorial and knightly citizens.
+
+The great natural fountain supplied the lower town with water, but was
+situated at too low a level for the convenience of the gentry of Upper
+Nemausus, who had therefore conveyed the spring water of Ura from a great
+distance by tunneling mountains and bridging valleys, and thus had
+furnished themselves with an unfailing supply of the liquid as necessary
+to a Roman as was the air he breathed. Thus rendered independent of the
+natural fountain at the foot of the rocks in Lower Nemausus, those living
+in the higher town affected the cult of the nymph Ura, and spoke
+disparagingly of the god of the old town; whereas the inferior part of the
+city clung tenaciously to the divine Nemausus, whose basin, full of
+unfailing water, was presented to their very lips and had not to be
+brought to them from a distance by the engineering skill of men and at a
+great cost.
+
+Devotion to the god of the fountain in Lower Nemausus was confined
+entirely to the inhabitants of the old town, and was actually a relic of
+the old Volcian religion before the advent of the colonists, Greek and
+Roman. It had maintained itself and its barbarous sacrifice intact,
+undisturbed.
+
+No victim was exacted from a family of superior Nemausus. The contribution
+was drawn from among the families of the native nobility, and it was on
+this account solely that the continuance of the septennial sacrifice had
+been tolerated.
+
+Already, however, the priesthood was becoming aware that a strong feeling
+was present that was averse to it. The bulk of the well‐to‐do population
+had no traditional reverence for the Gaulish founder‐god, and many openly
+spoke of the devotion of a virgin to death as a rite that deserved to be
+abolished.
+
+From the cordwainer Æmilius had heard of the mutilation of the statue and
+of the commotion it had caused. This, he conjectured, accounted for the
+delay of Callipodius. It had interfered with his action; he had been
+unable to learn what had become of the damsel, and was waiting till he had
+definite tidings to bring before he returned. Æmilius was indignant at the
+wanton act of injury done to a beautiful work of art that decorated one of
+the loveliest natural scenes in the world. But this indignation was
+rendered acute by personal feeling. The disturbance caused by the rescue
+of the virgin might easily have been allayed; not so one provoked by such
+an act of sacrilege as the defacing of the image of the divine founder.
+This would exasperate passions and vastly enhance the danger to Perpetua
+and make her escape more difficult.
+
+As Æmilius walked up from the jetty with the bishop, he inquired of him
+how matters stood with the Christians in the town and received a general
+answer. This did not satisfy the young lawyer, and, as the color suffused
+his face, he asked particularly after Perpetua, daughter of the deceased
+Harpinius Læto.
+
+The bishop turned and fixed his searching eyes on the young man.
+
+“Why make you this inquiry?” he asked.
+
+“Surely,” answered Æmilius, “I may be allowed to feel interest in one whom
+I was the means of rescuing from death. In sooth, I am vastly concerned to
+learn that she is safe. It were indeed untoward if she fell once more into
+the hands of the priesthood or into those of the populace. The ignorant
+would grip as hard as the interested.”
+
+“She is not in the power of either,” answered Castor. “But where she is,
+that God knows, not I. Her mother is distracted, but we trust the maiden
+has found a refuge among the brethren, and for her security is kept
+closely concealed. The fewer who know where she is the better will it be,
+lest torture be employed to extort the secret. The Lady Quincta believes
+what we have cause to hope and consider probable. This is certain: if she
+had been discovered and given up to the magistrate the fact would be known
+at once to all in the place.”
+
+“To break the image of the god was a wicked and a wanton act,” said
+Æmilius irritably. “Is such conduct part of your religion?”
+
+“The act was that of a rash and hot‐headed member of our body. It was
+contrary to my will, done without my knowledge, and opposed to the
+teaching of our holy fathers, who have ever dissuaded from such acts. But
+in all bodies of men there are hot‐heads and impulsive spirits that will
+not endure control.”
+
+“Your own teaching is at fault,” said Æmilius peevishly. “You denounce the
+gods, and yet express regret if one of you put your doctrine in practice.”
+
+“If images were ornaments only,” said the bishop, “then they would be
+endurable; but when they receive adoration, when libations are poured at
+their feet, then we forbid our brethren to take part in such homage, for
+it is idolatry, a giving to wood and stone the worship due to God alone.
+But we do not approve of insult offered to any man’s religion. No,” said
+Castor emphatically; “Christianity is not another name for brutality, and
+that is brutality which insults the religious sentiment of the people, who
+may be ignorant but are sincere.”
+
+They had reached the rope‐walk. The cordwainer was absent.
+
+“Let us take a turn,” said the bishop; and then he halted and smiled and
+extended his palm to a little child that ran up to him and put its hand
+within his with innocent confidence.
+
+“This,” said Castor, “is the son of the timber merchant.” Then to the boy:
+“Little man, walk with us, but do not interrupt our talk. Speak only when
+spoken to.” He again addressed the lawyer: “My friend, if I may so call
+thee, thou art vastly distressed at the mutilation of the image. Why so?”
+
+“Because it is a work of art, and that particular statue was the finest
+example of the sculpture of a native artist. It was a gift to his native
+town of the god Marcus Antoninus (the Emperor Antoninus Pius).”
+
+“Sir,” said Castor, “you are in the right to be incensed. Now tell me
+this. If the thought of the destruction of a statue made by man and the
+gift of a Cæsar rouse indignation in your mind, should you not be more
+moved to see the destruction of living men, as in the shows of the
+arena—the slaughter of men, the work of God’s hands?”
+
+“That is for our entertainment,” said Æmilius, yet with hesitation in his
+voice.
+
+“Does that condone the act of the mutilator of the image, that he did it
+out of sport, to amuse a few atheists and the vulgar? See you how from his
+mother’s womb the child has been nurtured, how his limbs have grown in
+suppleness and grace and strength; how his intelligence has developed, how
+his faculties have expanded. Who made the babe that has become a man? Who
+protected him from infancy? Who builds up this little tenement of an
+immortal and bright spirit?” He led forward and indicated the child of
+Flavillus. “Was it not God? And for a holiday pastime you send men into
+the arena to be lacerated by wild beasts or butchered by gladiators! Do
+you not suppose that God, the maker of man, must be incensed at this
+wanton destruction of His fairest creation?”
+
+“What you say applies to the tree we fell, to the ox and the sheep we
+slaughter.”
+
+“Not so,” answered the bishop. “The tree is essential to man. Without it
+he cannot build himself a house nor construct a ship. The use of the tree
+is essential to his progress from barbarism. Nay, even in barbarism he
+requires it to serve him as fuel, and to employ timber demands the fall of
+the tree. As to the beast, man is so constituted by his Creator that he
+needs animal food. Therefore is he justified in slaying beasts for his
+nourishment.”
+
+“According to your teaching death sentences are condemned, as also are
+wars.”
+
+“Not so. The criminal may forfeit his right to a life which he is given to
+enjoy upon condition that he conduce to the welfare of his fellows. If,
+instead thereof, he be a scourge to mankind, he loses his rights. As to
+the matter of war: we must guard the civilization we have built up by
+centuries of hard labor and study after improvement. We must protect our
+frontiers against the incursions of the barbarians. Unless they be rolled
+back, they will overwhelm us. Self‐preservation is an instinct lodged in
+every breast, justifying man in defending his life and his acquisitions.”
+
+“Your philosophy is humane.”
+
+“It is not a philosophy. It is a revelation.”
+
+“In what consists the difference?”
+
+“A philosophy is a groping upwards. A revelation is a light falling from
+above. A philosophy is reached only after the intellect is ripe and
+experienced, attained to when man’s mind is fully developed. A revelation
+comes to the child as his mind and conscience are opening and shows him
+his way. Here, little one! stand on that _cippus_ and answer me.”
+
+Castor took the child in his arms and lifted him to a marble pedestal.
+
+“Little child,” said he, “answer me a few simple questions. Who made you?”
+
+“God,” answered the boy readily.
+
+“And why did He make you?”
+
+“To love and serve Him.”
+
+“And how can you serve Him?”
+
+“By loving all men.”
+
+“What did the Great Master say was the law by which we are to direct our
+lives?”
+
+“‘He that loveth God, let him love his brother also.’”
+
+“Little child, what is after death?”
+
+“Eternity.”
+
+“And in eternity where will men be?”
+
+“Those that have done good shall be called to life everlasting, and those
+that have done evil will be cast forth into darkness, where is weeping and
+gnashing of teeth.”
+
+The bishop took the child from the pedestal, and set him again on the
+ground.
+
+Then, with a smile on his face, he said to Æmilius, “Do we desire to know
+our way _after_ we have erred or _before_ we start? What was hidden from
+the wise and prudent is revealed unto babes. Where philosophy ends, there
+our religion begins.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XVI
+
+                         DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES
+
+
+Æmilius paced the rope‐walk in deep thought. He did not speak during
+several turns, and the bishop respected his meditation and kept silence as
+well.
+
+Presently the young man burst forth with: “This is fairly put, plausible
+and attractive doctrine. But what we lawyers demand is evidence. When was
+the revelation made? In the reign of the god Tiberius? That was two
+centuries ago. What proof is there that this be not a cleverly elaborated
+philosophy—as you say, a groping upwards—pretending to be, and showing off
+itself as, a lightening downwards?”
+
+“The evidence is manifold,” answered Castor. “In the first place, the
+sayings and the acts of the Divine Revealer were recorded by evangelists
+who lived at the time, knew Him, heard Him, or were with those who had
+daily companied with Him.”
+
+“Of what value is such evidence when we cannot put the men who gave it in
+the witness‐box and cross‐question them? I do not say that their evidence
+is naught, but that it is disputable.”
+
+“There is other evidence, ever‐living, ever‐present.”
+
+“What is that?”
+
+“Your own reason and conscience. You, Æmilius Lentulus, have these
+witnesses in yourself. He who made you seated a conscience in your soul to
+show you that there is such a thing as a law of right and wrong, though,
+as far as you know, unwritten. Directly I spoke to you of the _sin_ of
+murdering men to make pastime, your color changed; you _knew_ that I was
+right. Your conscience assented to my words.”
+
+“I allow that.”
+
+“My friend, let me go further. When your mind is not obscured by passion
+or warped by prejudice, then you perceive that there is a sphere of
+holiness, of virtue, of purity, to which men have not yet attained, and
+which, for all you see, is unattainable situated as you are, but one into
+which, if man could mount, then he would be something nobler than even the
+poets have conceived. You have flashes of summer lightning in your dark
+sky. You reject the monstrous fables of the gods as inconsistent with what
+your reason and conscience tell you comport with divinity. Has any of your
+gods manifested himself and left such a record of his appearance as is
+fairly certain? If he appeared, or was fabled to have appeared, did he
+tell men anything about the nature of God, His will, and the destiny of
+man? A revelation must be in agreement with the highest aspirations of
+man. It must be such as will regulate his life, and conduce to his
+perfection and the advantage of the community. It must be such as will
+supply him with a motive for rejecting what is base, but pleasing to his
+coarse nature, and striving after that which is according to the luminous
+ideal that floats before him. Now the Christian revelation answers these
+conditions, and is therefore probably true. It supplies man with a reason
+why he should contend against all that is gross in his nature; should be
+gentle, courteous, kindly, merciful, pure. It does more. It assures him
+that the Creator made man in order that he might strive after this ideal,
+and in so doing attain to serenity and happiness. No other religion that I
+know of makes such claims; no other professes to have been revealed to man
+as the law of his being by Him who made man. No other is so completely in
+accordance on the one hand with what we conceive is in agreement with the
+nature of God, and on the other so completely accords with our highest
+aspirations.”
+
+“I can say nothing to that. I do not know it.”
+
+“Yes, you do know it. The babe declared it; gave you the marrow and kernel
+of the gospel: Love God and man.”
+
+“To fear God is what I can understand; but to love Him is more than I can
+compass.”
+
+“Because you do not know God.”
+
+“I do not, indeed.”
+
+“God is love.”
+
+“A charming sentiment; a rhetorical flourish. What evidence can you adduce
+that God is love?”
+
+“Creation.”
+
+“The earth is full of suffering; violence prevails; wrong overmasters
+right. There is more of misery than of happiness, saving only to the rich
+and noble; they are at any rate supposed to be exempt, but, by Hercules,
+they seem to me to be sick of pleasure, and every delight gluts and leaves
+a bad taste in the mouth.”
+
+“That is true; but why is there all this wretchedness? Because the world
+is trying to get along without God. Look!” The bishop stooped and took up
+a green‐backed beetle. “If I cast this insect into the water it will
+suffer and die. If I fling it into the fire it will writhe and perish in
+agony. Neither water nor fire is the element for which it was created—in
+which to exist and be happy. The divine law is the atmosphere in which man
+is made to live. Because there is deflection from that, and man seeks
+other ends than that for which he was made, therefore comes wretchedness.
+The law of God is the law man must know, and knowing, pursue to be
+perfectly happy and to become a perfect being.”
+
+“Now I have you!” exclaimed Æmilius, with a laugh. “There are no men more
+wretched than Christians who possess, and, I presume, keep this law. They
+abstain from our merry‐makings, from the spectacles; they are liable to
+torture and to death.”
+
+“We abstain from nothing that is wholesome and partaken in moderation; but
+from drunkenness, surfeiting, and what is repugnant to the clean mind. As
+to the persecution we suffer, the powers of evil rebel against God, and
+stir up bad men to resist the truth. But let me say something further—if I
+do not weary you.”
+
+“Not at all; you astonish me too much to weary me.”
+
+“You are dropped suddenly—cast up by the sea on a strange shore. You find
+yourself where you have never been before. You know not where to go—how to
+conduct yourself among the natives; what fruits you may eat as wholesome,
+and must reject as poisonous. You do not know what course to pursue to
+reach your home, and fear at every step to get further from it. You cry
+out for a chart to show you where you are, and in what direction you
+should direct your steps. Every child born into this world is in a like
+predicament. It wants a chart, and to know its bearings. This is not the
+case with any animal. Every bird, fish, beast, knows what to do to fulfill
+the objects of its existence. Man alone does not. He has aspirations,
+glimmerings, a law of nature traced, but not filled in. He has lived by
+that natural law—you live under it, and you experience its inadequacy.
+That is why your conscience, all mankind, with inarticulate longing
+desires something further. Now I ask you, as I did once before, is it
+conceivable that the Creator of man, who put in man’s heart that
+aspiration, that longing to know the law of his being, without which his
+life is but a miserable shipwreck—is it conceivable that He should
+withhold from him the chart by which he can find his way?”
+
+“You have given me food for thought. Yet, my doubts still remain.”
+
+“I cannot give you faith. That lightens down from above. It is the gift of
+God. Follow the law of your conscience and He may grant it you. I cannot
+say when or how, and what means he may employ—but if you are sincere and
+not a trifler with the truth—He will not deny it you. But see—here comes
+some one who desires to speak with you.”
+
+Æmilius looked in the direction indicated, and saw Callipodius coming up
+from the water‐side, waving his hand to him. So engrossed had he been in
+conversation with Castor, that he had not observed the arrival of a boat
+at the landing‐place.
+
+At once the young lawyer sped to meet his client, manifesting the utmost
+impatience.
+
+“What tidings—what news?” was his breathless question.
+
+“As good as may be,” answered Callipodius. “The gods work to fulfill thy
+desire. It is as if thou wert a constraining destiny, or as though it were
+a pleasure to them to satisfy the wishes of their favorite.”
+
+“I pray, lay aside this flattery, and speak plain words.”
+
+“Resplendent genius that thou art! thou needest no flattery any more than
+the sun requires burnishing.”
+
+“Let me entreat—the news!”
+
+“In two words——”
+
+“Confine thyself to two words.”
+
+“She is safe.”
+
+“Where? How?”
+
+“Now must I relax my tongue. In two words I cannot satisfy thy eagerness.”
+
+“Then, Body of Bacchus! go on in thine own fashion.”
+
+“The account may be crushed into narrow compass. When I left your radiant
+presence, then I betook myself to the town and found the place in
+turmoil—the statue of the god had been broken, and the deity was braying
+like a washerwoman’s jackass. The populace was roused and incensed by the
+outrage, and frightened by the voice of the god. All had quieted down
+previously, but this worked up the people to a condition of frantic rage
+and panic. I hurried about in quest of the Lady Perpetua; and as I learned
+that she had been conveyed from the pool by Baudillas Macer, I went into
+the part of the town where he lives; noble once, now slums. Then, lo! thy
+genius attending and befriending me, whom should I stumble against but a
+fellow named Tarsius, a slave of a wool merchant to whom I owe moneys,
+which I haven’t yet paid. I knew the fellow from a gash he had received at
+one time across nose and cheek. He was drunk and angry because he had been
+expelled the Christian society which was holding its orgies. I warrant
+thee I frightened the poor wretch with promises of the little horse, the
+panthers, and the cross, till he became pliant and obliging. Then I wormed
+out of him all I required, and made him my tool to obtain possession of
+the pretty maid. I learned from him that the Lady Quincta and her daughter
+were at the house of Baudillas, afraid to return home because their door
+was observed by some of the Cultores Nemausi. Then I suborned the rascal
+to act a part for me. From thy house I dispatched two litters and
+carriers, and sent that tippling rogue with them to the dwelling of Macer,
+to say that he was commissioned by his master, Litomarus, to conduct them
+to his country house for their security. They walked into the snare like
+fieldfare after juniper berries. Then the porters conveyed the girl to thy
+house.”
+
+“To my house!” Æmilius started.
+
+“Next, she was hurried off as soon as ever the gates were opened, to your
+villa at Ad Fines.”
+
+“And she is there now, with her mother?”
+
+“With her mother! I know better than to do that. I bade the porters convey
+the old lady in her palanquin to the goose and truffle market and deposit
+her there. No need to be encumbered with her.”
+
+“The Lady Quincta not with her daughter?”
+
+“You were not desirous for further acquaintance with the venerable widow,
+I presume.”
+
+“But,” said Æmilius, “this is a grave matter. You have offered, as from
+me, an insult most wounding to a young lady, and to a respectable matron.”
+
+“Generous man! how was it possible for me to understand the niceties that
+trouble your perspicuous mind? But be at ease. Serious sickness demands
+strong medicines. Great dangers excuse bold measures. The priestess has
+demanded the restoration of the virgin. The _flamen Augustalis_ is backing
+her up. So are all the _Seviri_. The religious corporation feel touched in
+their credit and insist on the restitution. They will heap on fuel, and
+keep Nemausus in a boil. By no possibility could the damsel have remained
+hidden in the town. I saw that it was imperiously necessary for me to
+remove her. I could think of no other place into which to put her than Ad
+Fines. I managed the matter in admirable fashion; though it is I who say
+it. But really, by Jupiter Capitolinus, I believe that your genius
+attended me, and assisted in the execution of the design, which was
+carried out without a hitch.”
+
+Æmilius knitted his arms behind his back, and took short turns, in great
+perturbation of mind.
+
+“By Hercules!” said he, “you have committed an actionable offense.”
+
+“Of course, you look on it from a legal point of view,” said Callipodius,
+a little nettled. “I tell you it was a matter of life or death.”
+
+“I do not complain of your having conveyed the young lady to Ad Fines, but
+of your not having taken her mother there along with her. You have put me
+in a very awkward predicament.”
+
+“How was I to judge that the old woman was to be deported as well?”
+
+“You might have judged that I would cut off my right hand rather than do
+aught that might cause people to speak lightly of Perpetua.”
+
+The client shrugged his shoulders. “You seem to breed new scruples.”
+
+“I thank you,” said Æmilius, “that you have shown so good a will, and have
+been so successful in your enterprise. I am, perhaps, over hasty and
+exacting. I desired you to do a thing more perfectly than perhaps you were
+able to perform it. Leave me now. I must clear my mind and discover what
+is now to be done.”
+
+“There is no pleasing some folk,” said Callipodius moodily.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XVII
+
+                                   PEDO
+
+
+Baudillas had been lowered into the pit of the _robur_, and he sank in the
+slime half‐way up his calves. He waded with extended arms, groping for
+something to which to cling. He knew not whether the bottom were even, or
+fell into deep holes, into which he might stumble. He knew not whether he
+were in a narrow well or in a spacious chamber.
+
+Cautiously, in obscurity, he groped, uncertain even whether he went
+straight or was describing a curve. But presently he touched the wall and
+immediately discovered a bench, and seated himself thereon. Then he drew
+up his feet out of the mire, and cast himself in a reclining position on
+the stone seat.
+
+He looked up, but could not distinguish the opening by which he had been
+let down into the horrible cess‐pit. He was unable to judge to what depth
+he had been lowered, nor could he estimate the extent of the dungeon in
+which he was confined.
+
+The bench on which he reposed was slimy, the walls trickled with moisture,
+were unctuous, and draped with a fungous growth in long folds. The whole
+place was foul and cold.
+
+How long would his confinement last? Would food, pure water be lowered to
+him? Or was he condemned to waste away in this pit, from starvation, or in
+the delirium of famine to roll off from his shelf and smother in the mire?
+
+After a while his eyes became accustomed to the dark and sensitive to the
+smallest gradations in it; and then he became aware of a feeble glowworm
+light over the surface of the ooze at one point. Was it that some fungoid
+growth there was phosphorescent? Or was it that a ray of daylight
+penetrated there by some tortuous course?
+
+After long consideration it seemed to him probable that the light he
+distinguished might enter by a series of reflections through the outfall.
+He thought of examining the opening, but to do so he would be constrained
+to wade. He postponed the exploration till later. Of one thing he was
+confident, that although a little sickly light might be able to struggle
+into this horrible dungeon, yet no means of egress for the person would be
+left. Precautions against escape by this means would certainly have been
+taken.
+
+The time passed heavily. At times Baudillas sank into a condition of
+stupor, then was roused to thought again, again to lapse into a comatose
+condition. His cut lip was sore, his bruises ached. He had passed his
+tongue over his broken teeth till they had fretted his tongue raw.
+
+The feeble light at the surface became fainter, and this was finally
+extinguished. The day was certainly at an end. The sun had set in the
+west, an auroral glow hung over the place of its decline. Stars were
+beginning to twinkle; the syringa was pouring forth its fragrance, the
+flowering thorns their too heavy odor. Dew was falling gently and cool.
+
+The deacon raised his heart to God, and from this terrible pit his prayer
+mounted to heaven; a prayer not for deliverance from death, but for grace
+to endure the last trial, and if again put to the test, to withstand
+temptation. Then he recited the evening prayer of the Church, in Greek: “O
+God, who art without beginning and without end, the Maker of the world by
+Thy Christ, and the sustainer thereof, God and Father, Lord of the spirit,
+King of all things that have reason and life! Thou who hast made the day
+for the works of light, and the night for the refreshment of our
+infirmity, for the day is Thine, the night is Thine: Thou hast prepared
+the light and the sun—do Thou now, O Lord, lover of mankind, fountain of
+all good, mercifully accept this our evening thanksgiving. Thou who hast
+brought us through the length of the day, and hast conducted us to the
+threshold of night, preserve us by Thy Christ, afford us a peaceful
+evening, and a sinless night, and in the end everlasting life by Thy
+Christ, through whom be glory, honor and worship in the Holy Spirit, for
+ever, amen.”(8) After this prayer Baudillas had been wont in the church to
+say, “Depart in peace!” and to dismiss the faithful. Now he said, “Into
+Thy hands I commend my spirit.”
+
+Out of that fetid abyss and its horrible darkness rose the prayer to God,
+winged with faith, inspired by fervor sweet with humility, higher than the
+soaring lark, higher than the faint cloud that caught the last rays of the
+set sun, higher than the remotest star.
+
+Presently a confused sound from above reached the prisoner, and a spot of
+orange light fell on the water below. Then came a voice ringing hollow
+down the depth, and echoed by the walls, “Thy food!” A slender rope was
+sent down, to which was attached a basket that contained bread and a
+pitcher of water. Baudillas stepped into the ooze and took the loaf and
+the water vessel.
+
+Then the jailer called again: “To‐morrow morning—if more be needed—I will
+bring a second supply. Send up the empty jar when I lower that which is
+full, if thou art in a condition to require it.” He laughed, and the laugh
+resounded as a bellow in the vaulted chamber.
+
+Few were the words spoken, and they ungracious. Yet was the deacon
+sensible of pleasure at hearing even a jailer’s voice breaking the
+dreadful silence. He waded back to his ledge, ate the dry bread and drank
+some of the water. Then he laid himself down again. Again the door
+clashed, sending thunders below, and once more he was alone.
+
+As his hand traveled along the wall it encountered a hard round knot. He
+drew his hand away precipitately, but then, moved by curiosity, groped for
+it again. Then he discovered that this seeming excrescence was a huge
+snail, there hibernating. He dislodged it, threw it from him and it
+plashed into the mire.
+
+Time dragged. Not a sound could be heard save the monotonous drip of some
+leak above. Baudillas counted the falling drops, then wearied of counting,
+and abandoned the self‐imposed task.
+
+Now he heard a far‐away rushing sound, then came a blast of hot vapor
+blowing in his face. He started into a sitting posture, and clung to his
+bench. In another moment he heard the roar of water that plunged from
+above; and a hot steam enveloped him. What was the signification of this?
+Was the pit to be flooded with scalding water and he drowned in it? In a
+moment he had found the explanation. The water was being let off from the
+public baths. There would be no more bathers this night. The tide of tepid
+water rose nearly level with the ledge on which he was crouching, and then
+ebbed away and rolled forth at the vent through which by day a pale halo
+had entered.
+
+Half suffocated, part stupefied by the warm vapor, Baudillas sank into a
+condition without thought, his eyes looking into the blackness above, his
+ears hearing without noting the dribble from the drain through which the
+flood had spurted. Presently he was roused by a sense of irritation in
+every nerve, and putting his hand to his face plucked away some hundred‐
+legged creature, clammy and yet hard, that was creeping over him. It was
+some time before his tingling nerves recovered. Then gradually torpor
+stole over him, and he was perhaps unconscious for a couple of hours, when
+again he was roused by a sharp pain in his finger, and starting, he heard
+a splash, a rush and squeals. At once he knew that a swarm of rats had
+invaded the place. He had been bitten by one; his start had disconcerted
+the creatures momentarily, and they had scampered away.
+
+Baudillas remained motionless, save that he trembled; he was sick at
+heart. In this awful prison he dared not sleep, lest he should be devoured
+alive.
+
+Was this to be his end—to be kept awake by horror of the small foes till
+he could endure the tension no longer, and then sink down in dead
+weariness and blank indifference on his bench, and at once be assailed
+from all sides, to feel the teeth, perhaps to attempt an ineffectual
+battle, then to be overcome and to be picked to his bones?
+
+As he sat still, hardly breathing, he felt the rats again. They were
+rallying, some swimming, some swarming up on to the shelf. They rushed at
+him with the audacity given by hunger, with the confidence of experience,
+and the knowledge of their power when attacking in numbers.
+
+He cried out, beat with his hands, kicked out with his feet, swept his
+assailants off him by the score; yet such as could clung to his garment by
+their teeth and, not discomfited, quickly returned. To escape them he
+leaped into the mire; he plunged this way, then that; he returned to the
+wall; he attempted to scramble up it beyond their reach, but in vain.
+
+Wherever he went, they swam after him. He was unarmed, he could kill none
+of his assailants; if he could but decimate the horde it would be
+something. Then he remembered the pitcher and felt for that. By this time
+he had lost his bearings wholly. He knew not where he had left the vessel.
+But by creeping round the circumference of his prison, he must eventually
+reach the spot where he had previously been seated, and with the
+earthenware vessel he would defend himself as long as he was able.
+
+Whilst thus wading, he was aware of a cold draught blowing in his face,
+and he knew that he had reached the opening of the sewer that served as
+outfall. He stooped and touched stout iron bars forming part of a grating.
+He tested them, and assured himself that they were so thick set that it
+was not possible for him to thrust even his head between them.
+
+All at once the rats ceased to molest him. They had retreated, whither he
+could not guess, and he knew as little why. Possibly, they were shrewd
+enough to know that they had but to exercise patience, and he must
+inevitably fall a prey to their teeth.
+
+Almost immediately, however, he was aware of a little glow, like that of a
+spark, and of a sound of splashing. He was too frightened, too giddy, to
+collect his thoughts, so as to discover whence the light proceeded, and
+what produced the noise.
+
+Clinging to the grating, Baudillas gazed stupidly at the light, that grew
+in brightness, and presently irradiated a face. This he saw, but he was
+uncertain whether he actually did see, or whether he were a prey to an
+illusion.
+
+Then the light flashed over him, and his eyes after a moment recognized
+the face of his old slave, Pedo. A hand on the further side grasped one of
+the stanchions, and the deacon heard the question, “Master, are you safe?”
+
+“Oh, Pedo, how have you come into this place?”
+
+“Hush, master. Speak only in a whisper. I have waded up the sewer
+(_cloaca_), and have brought with me two stout files. Take this one, and
+work at the bar on thy side. I will rasp on the other. In time we shall
+cut through the iron, and then thou wilt be able to escape. When I heard
+whither thou hadst been cast, then I saw my way to making an effort to
+save thee.”
+
+“Pedo! I will give thee thy liberty!”
+
+“Master! it is I who must first manumit thee.”
+
+Then the slave began to file, and as he filed he muttered, “What is
+liberty to me? At one time, indeed! Ah, at one time, when I was young, and
+so was Blanda! But now I am old and lame. I am well treated by a good
+master. Well, well! Sir! work at the bar where I indicate with my finger.
+That is a transversal stanchion and sustains the others.”
+
+Hope of life returned. The heart of Baudillas was no longer chilled with
+fear and his brain stunned with despair. He worked hard, animated by
+eagerness to escape. There was a spring of energy in the little flame of
+the lamp, an inspiring force in the presence of his slave. The bar was
+thick, but happily the moisture of the place and the sour exhalations had
+corroded it, so that thick flakes of rust fell off under the tool.
+
+“Yesterday, nothing could have been done for you, sir,” said Pedo, “for
+the inundation was so extensive that the sewer was closed with water that
+had risen a foot above the opening into the river. But, thanks be to God,
+the flood has fallen. Those who know the sky declare that we shall have a
+blast of the _circius_ (the mistral) on us suddenly, and bitter weather.
+The early heat has dissolved the snows over‐rapidly and sent the water
+inundating all the low land. Now with cold, the snows will not melt.”
+
+“Pedo,” said the deacon, “hadst thou not come, the rats would have
+devoured me. They hunted me as a pack of wolves pursue a deer in the
+Cebennæ.”
+
+“I heard them, master, as I came up the sewer. There are legions of them.
+But they fear the light, and as long as the lamp burns will keep their
+distance.”
+
+“Pedo,” whispered Baudillas again, after a pause, whilst both worked at
+the bar. “I know not how it was that when I stood before the duumvir, I
+did not betray my Heavenly Master. I was so frightened. I was as in a
+dream. They may have thought me firm, but I was in reality very weak.
+Another moment, or one more turn of the rack and I would have fallen.”
+
+“Master! God’s strength is made perfect in weakness.”
+
+“Yes, it is so. I myself am a poor nothing. Oh, that I had the manhood of
+Marcianus!”
+
+“Press against the bar, master. With a little force it will yield.”
+
+Pedo removed the lamp that he had suspended by a hook from the crossbar.
+Baudillas threw himself with his full weight against the grating, and the
+stanchion did actually snap under the impact, at the place where filed.
+
+“That is well,” said the slave. “Thy side of the bar is also nearly rasped
+through. Then we must saw across this upright staff of iron. To my
+thinking it is not fastened below.”
+
+“It is not. I have thrust my foot between it and the paving. Methinks it
+ends in a spike and barbs.”
+
+“If it please God that we remove the grating, then thou must follow me,
+bending low.”
+
+“Is the distance great?”
+
+“Sixty‐four paces of thine; of mine, more, as I do but hobble.”
+
+“Hah! this is ill‐luck.”
+
+With the energy of filing, and owing to the loosened condition of the bar,
+the lamp had been displaced, and it fell from where it had been suspended
+and was extinguished in the water.
+
+Both were now plunged in darkness as of Erebus, and were moreover exposed
+to danger from the rats. But perhaps the grating of the files, or the
+whispers of the one man to the other, alarmed the suspicious beasts, and
+they did not venture to approach.
+
+“Press, master! I will pull,” said the slave. His voice quivered with
+excitement.
+
+Baudillas applied his shoulder to the grating, and Pedo jerked at it
+sharply.
+
+With a crack it yielded; with a plash it fell into the water.
+
+“Quick, my master—lay hold of my belt and follow. Bow your head low or you
+will strike the roof. We must get forth as speedily as may be.”
+
+“Pedo! the jailer said that if alive I was to give a sign on the morrow.
+He believes that during the night I will be devoured by rats, as doubtless
+have been others.”
+
+“Those executed in the prison are cast down there.”
+
+“Perhaps,” said Baudillas, “if he meet with no response in the morning he
+will conclude that I am dead, and I do not think he will care to descend
+and discover whether it be so.”
+
+After a short course through the arched passage, both stood upright; they
+were to their breasts in water, but the water was fresh and pure. Above
+their heads was the vault of heaven, not now spangled with stars but
+crossed by scudding drifts of vapor.
+
+Both men scrambled out of the river to the bank, and then Baudillas
+extended his arms, and said, with face turned to the sky:
+
+“I waited patiently for the Lord, and He inclined unto me, and heard my
+calling. He hath brought me also out of the horrible pit, out of the mire
+and clay, and hath set my feet upon the rock. And He hath put a new song
+in my mouth, even a thanksgiving unto our God.”(9)
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XVIII
+
+                           IN THE CITRON‐HOUSE
+
+
+Perpetua, at Ad Fines, was a prey to unrest. She was in alarm for the
+safety of her mother, and she was disconcerted at having been smuggled off
+to the house of a man who was a stranger, though to him she owed her life.
+
+The villa was in a lovely situation, with a wide outstretch of landscape
+before it to the Rhône, and beyond to the blue and cloudlike spurs of the
+Alps; and the garden was in the freshness of its first spring beauty. But
+she was in too great trouble to concern herself about scenery and flowers.
+Her thoughts turned incessantly to her mother. In the embarrassing
+situation in which she was—and one that was liable to become far more
+embarrassing—she needed the support and counsel of her mother.
+
+Far rather would she have been in prison at Nemausus, awaiting a hearing
+before the magistrate, and perhaps condemnation to death, than be as at
+present in a charming country house, attended by obsequious servants,
+provided with every comfort, yet ignorant why she had been brought there,
+and what the trials were to which she would be subjected.
+
+The weather had changed with a suddenness not infrequent in the province.
+The warm days were succeeded by some of raging wind and icy rains. In
+fact, the mistral had begun to blow. As the heated air rose from the stony
+plains, its place was supplied by that which was cold from the snowy
+surfaces of the Alps, and the downrush was like that to which we nowadays
+give the term of blizzard. So violent is the blast on these occasions that
+the tillers of the soil have to hedge round their fields with funereal
+cypresses, to form a living screen against a wind that was said, or
+fabled, to have blown the cow out of one pasture into that of another
+farmer, but which, without fable, was known to upset ricks and carry away
+the roofs of houses.
+
+To a cloudless sky, traversed by a sun of almost summer brilliancy,
+succeeded a heaven dark, iron‐gray, with whirling vapors that had no
+contour, and which hung low, trailing their dripping skirts over the
+shivering landscape.
+
+Trees clashed their boughs. The wood behind the villa roared like a
+cataract. In the split ledges and prongs of limestone, among the box‐
+bushes and junipers, the wind hissed and screamed. Birds fled for refuge
+to the eaves of houses or to holes in the cliffs. Cattle were brought
+under shelter. Sheep crouched dense packed on the lee side of a stone
+wall. The very ponds and lagoons were whipped and their surfaces flayed by
+the blast. Stones were dislodged on the mountain slopes, and flung down;
+pebbles rolled along the plains, as though lashed forward by whips. The
+penetrating cold necessitated the closing of every shutter, and the
+heating of the hypocaust under the house. In towns, in the houses of the
+better classes, the windows were glazed with thin flakes of mica (_lapis
+specularis_), a transparent stone brought from Spain and Cappadocia, but
+in the country this costly luxury was dispensed with, as the villas were
+occupied only in the heat of summer, when there was no need to exclude the
+air. The window openings were closed with shutters. Rooms were not warmed
+by fireplaces, with wood fires on hearths, but by an arrangement beneath
+the mosaic and cement floor, where a furnace was kindled, and the smoke
+and heated air were carried by numerous pipes up the walls on all sides,
+thus producing a summer heat within when all was winter without.
+
+In the fever of her mind, Perpetua neither felt the asperity of the
+weather nor noticed the comfort of the heated rooms. She was incessantly
+restless, was ever running to the window or the door, as often to be
+disappointed, in anticipation of meeting her mother. She was perplexed as
+to the purpose for which she had been conveyed to Ad Fines. The slave
+woman, Blanda, who attended her, was unable or unwilling to give her
+information. All she pretended to know was that orders had been issued by
+Callipodius, friend and client of Æmilius Lentulus, her master, that the
+young lady was to be made comfortable, was to be supplied with whatever
+she required, and was on no account to be suffered to leave the grounds.
+The family was strictly enjoined not to mention to any one her presence in
+the villa, under pain of severe chastisement.
+
+Blanda was kind and considerate, and had less of the fawning dog in her
+manner than was customary among slaves. It was never possible, even for
+masters, to trust the word of their servants; consequently Perpetua, who
+knew what slaves were, placed little reliance on the asseverations of
+ignorance that fell from the lips of Blanda. There was, in the
+conversation of Blanda, that which the woman intended to reassure, but
+which actually heightened the uneasiness of the girl—this was the way in
+which the woman harped continually on the good looks, amiability and
+wealth of her master, who, as she insisted, belonged to the Voltinian
+tribe, and was therefore one of the best connected and highest placed in
+the colony.
+
+The knowledge that she had been removed to Ad Fines to insure her safety
+did not satisfy Perpetua; and she was by no means assured that she had
+thus been carried off with the approbation and knowledge of her mother, or
+of the bishop and principal Christians of her acquaintance in Nemausus. Of
+Æmilius Varo she really knew nothing save that he was a man of pleasure
+and a lawyer.
+
+Adjoining the house was a conservatory. Citron trees and oleanders in
+large green‐painted boxes were employed in summer to decorate the terrace
+and gardens. They were allowed to be out in mild winters, but directly the
+mistral began to howl, the men‐servants of the house had hurriedly
+conveyed them within doors into the conservatory, as the gale would strip
+them of their fruit, bruise the leaves and injure the flowers.
+
+In her trouble of mind, unable to go abroad in the bitter weather,
+impatient of quiet, Perpetua entered the citron‐house and walked among the
+trees in their green tubs, now praying for help, then wiping the drops
+from her eyes and brow.
+
+As she thus paced, she heard a stir in the house, the opening of doors,
+the rush of wind driving through it, the banging of valves and rattle of
+shutters. Then she heard voices, and among them one that was imperious. A
+moment later, Blanda ran to Perpetua, and after making a low obeisance
+said: “The master is come. He desires permission to speak with you, lady,
+when he hath had his bath and hath assumed a change of raiment. For by the
+mother goddesses, no one can be many moments without and not be drenched
+to the bone. And this exhibits the master’s regard for thee, lady; his
+extreme devotion to your person and regard for your comfort, that he has
+exposed himself to cold and rain and wind so as to come hither to inquire
+if you are well, and if there be aught you desire that he can perform to
+content you.”
+
+What was Perpetua to do? She plucked some citron blossoms in her nervous
+agitation, unknowing what she did, then answered timidly: “I am in the
+house of the noble Æmilius. Let him speak with me here when it suits his
+convenience. Yet stay, Blanda! Inquire at once, whether he brings me
+tidings of my dear mother.”
+
+The slave hasted away, and returned directly to inform Perpetua that her
+master was grieved to relate that he was unable to give her the desired
+information, but that he only awaited instructions from Perpetua to take
+measures to satisfy her.
+
+Then the girl was left alone, and in greater agitation than before. She
+walked among the evergreens, putting the citron flowers to her nose,
+plucking off the leaves, pressing her hand to her brow, and wiping her
+distilling eyes.
+
+The conservatory was unglazed. It was furnished with shutters in which
+were small openings like those in fiddles. Consequently a twilight reigned
+in the place; what light entered was colorless, and without brilliancy.
+Through the openings could be seen the whirling vapors; through them also
+the rain spluttered in, and the wind sighed a plaintive strain, now and
+then rising to a scream.
+
+Perpetua still held the little bunch of citron in her hand; she was as
+unaware that she held it as that she had plucked it. Her mind was
+otherwise engaged, and her nervous fingers must needs clasp something.
+
+As she thus walked, fearing the appearance of Æmilius, and yet desirous of
+having a term put to her suspense, she heard steps, and in another moment
+the young lawyer stood before her. He bowed with hands extended, and with
+courtly consideration would not draw near. Aware that she was shy or
+frightened, he said: “I have to ask your pardon, young lady, for this
+intrusion on your privacy, above all for your abduction to this house of
+mine. It was done without my having been consulted, but was done with good
+intent, by a friend, to place you out of danger. I had no part in the
+matter; nevertheless I rejoice that my house has had the honor of serving
+you as a refuge from such as seek your destruction.”
+
+“I thank you,” answered the girl constrainedly. “I owe you a word of
+acknowledgment of my lively gratitude for having rescued me from the
+fountain, and another for affording me shelter here. But if I may be
+allowed to ask a favor, it is that my mother be restored to me, or me to
+my mother.”
+
+“Alas, lady,” said Æmilius, “I have no knowledge where she is. I myself
+have been in concealment—for the rabble has been incensed against me for
+what I was privileged to do, at the Nemausean basin, unworthy that I was.
+I have not since ventured into the town; not that I believe the rabble
+would dare attempt violence against me, but I do not think it wise to
+allow them the chance. I sent my good, blundering friend Callipodius to
+inquire what had become of you, as I was anxious lest you should again be
+in peril of your life; and he—Callipodius—seeing what a ferment there was
+in the town, and how determined the priesthood was to get you once more
+into its power, he consulted his mother wit, and had you conveyed to my
+country house. Believe me, lady, he was actuated by a sincere wish to do
+you service. If he had but taken the Lady Quincta away as well, and lodged
+her here along with you, I would not have a word of reproach for him, nor
+entertain a feeling of guilt in your eyes.”
+
+“My mother was in the first litter.”
+
+“That litter did not pass out of the gates of Nemausus. Callipodius was
+concerned for your safety, as he knew that it was you who were menaced and
+not your mother.”
+
+“But it is painful for me to be away from my mother.”
+
+“Lady! you are safer separated from her. If she be, as I presume, still in
+the town, then those who pursue you will prowl about where she is, little
+supposing that you are elsewhere, and the secret of your hiding‐place
+cannot be wrung from her if she does not herself know it.”
+
+“I concern myself little about my life,” said Perpetua. “But, to be alone
+here, away from her, from every relation, in a strange house——”
+
+“I know what you would say, or rather what you feel and do not like to
+say. I have a proposal to make to you which will relieve your difficulty
+if it commends itself to you. It will secure your union with your mother,
+and prevent anything being spoken as to your having been concealed here
+that may offend your honorable feelings.”
+
+Perpetua said nothing. She plucked at the petals of the citron flower and
+strewed them on the marble pavement.
+
+“You have been brought to this house, and happily none know that you are
+here, save my client, Callipodius, and myself. But what I desire to say is
+this. Give me a right to make this your refuge, and me a right to protect
+you. If I be not distasteful to you, permit this. I place myself
+unreservedly in your hands. I love you, but my respect for you equals my
+love. I am rich and enjoy a good position. I have nothing I can wish for
+but to be authorized by you to be your defender against every enemy. Be my
+wife, and not all the fools and _flamines_ of the province can touch a
+hair of your head.”
+
+The tears welled into Perpetua’s eyes. She looked at the young man, who
+stood before her with such dignity and gentleness of demeanor. He seemed
+to her to be as noble, as good as a heathen well could be. He felt for her
+delicate position; he had risked his life and fortunes to save her. He had
+roused the powerful religious faction of his native city against him, and
+he was now extending his protection over her against the priesthood and
+the mob of Nemausus.
+
+“I know,” pursued Æmilius, “that I am not worthy of one such as yourself.
+I offer myself because I see no other certain means of making you secure,
+save by your suffering me to be your legitimate defender. If your mother
+will consent, and I am so happy as to have yours, then we will hurry on
+the rites which shall make us one, and not a tongue can stir against you
+and not a hand be lifted to pluck you from my side.”
+
+Perpetua dropped the flower, now petalless. She could not speak. He
+respected her emotions, and continued to address her.
+
+“I am confident that I can appease the excitement among the people and the
+priests, and those attached to the worship of the divine ancestor. They
+will not dare to push matters to extremities. The sacrifice has been
+illegal all along, but winked at by the magistrates because a custom
+handed down with the sanction of antiquity. But a resolute protest made—if
+need be an appeal to Cæsar—and the priesthood are paralyzed. Consider also
+that as my wife they could no longer demand you. Their hold on you would
+be done for, as none but an unmarried maid may be sacrificed. The very
+utmost they can require in their anger and disappointment will be that you
+should publicly sprinkle a few grains of incense on the altar of
+Nemausus.”
+
+“I cannot do that. I am a Christian.”
+
+“Believe what you will. Laugh at the gods as do I and many another. A few
+crumbs of frankincense, a little puff of smoke that is soon sped.”
+
+“It may not be.”
+
+“Remain a Christian, adhere to its philosophy or revelation, as Castor
+calls it. Attend its orgies, and be the protectress of your fellow‐
+believers.”
+
+“None the less, I cannot do it.”
+
+“But why not?”
+
+“I cannot be false to Christ.”
+
+“What falsehood is there in this?”
+
+“It is a denial of Him.”
+
+“Bah! He died two hundred years ago.”
+
+“He lives, He is ever present, He sees and knows all.”
+
+“Well, then He will not look harshly on a girl who acts thus to save her
+life.”
+
+“I should be false to myself as well as to Him.”
+
+“I cannot understand this——”
+
+“No, because you do not know and love Him.”
+
+“Love Him!” echoed Æmilius, “He is dead. You never saw Him at any time. It
+is impossible for any one to love one invisible, unseen, a mere historical
+character. See, we have all over Gallia Narbonensis thousands of
+Augustals; they form a sect, if you will. All their worship is of Augustus
+Cæsar, who died before your Christ. Do you suppose that one among those
+thousands loves him whom they worship, and after whom they are named, and
+who is their bond of connection? No—it is impossible. It cannot be.”
+
+“But with us, to know is to love. Christ is the power of God, and we love
+Him because He first loved us.”
+
+“Riddles, riddles!” said Æmilius, shaking his head.
+
+“It is a riddle that may be solved to you some day. I would give my life
+that it were.”
+
+“You would?”
+
+“Aye, and with joy. You risked your life for me. I would give mine to win
+for you——”
+
+“What?”
+
+“Faith. Having that you would know how to love.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XIX
+
+                                MARCIANUS
+
+
+When the deacon Baudillas and his faithful Pedo emerged from the river,
+and stood on the bank, they were aware how icy was the blast that blew,
+for it pierced their sodden garments and froze the marrow in their bones.
+
+“Master,” said Pedo, “this is the beginning of a storm that will last for
+a week; you must get under shelter, and I will give you certain garments I
+have provided and have concealed hard by in a kiln. The gates of the town
+are shut. I have no need to inform you that we are without the city
+walls.”
+
+Pedo guided the deacon to the place where he had hidden a bundle of
+garments, and which was not a bowshot distant from the mouth of the sewer.
+The kiln was small; it had happily been in recent use, for it was still
+warm, and the radiation was grateful to Baudillas, whose teeth were
+chattering in his head.
+
+“I have put here bread and meat, and a small skin of wine,” said the
+slave. “I advise you, master, to make a meal; you will relish your food
+better here than in the black‐hole. Whilst we eat we consume time
+likewise; but the dawn is returning, and with it the gates will be opened
+and we shall slip in among the market people. But, tell me, whither will
+you go?”
+
+“I would desire, were it advisable, to revisit my own house,” said the
+deacon doubtfully.
+
+“And I would advise you to keep clear of it,” said the slave. “Should the
+jailer discover that you have escaped, then at once search will be made
+for you, and, to a certainty it will begin at your habitation.” Then, with
+a dry laugh, he added, “And if it be found that I have assisted in your
+evasion, then there will be one more likely to give sport to the people at
+the forthcoming show. Grant me the wild beasts and not the cross.”
+
+“I will not bring thee into danger, faithful friend.”
+
+“I cannot run away on my lame legs,” said Pedo. “Ah! as to those shows.
+They are to wind up with a water‐fight—such is the announcement. There
+will be gladiators from Arelate sent over to contend in boats against a
+fleet of our Nemausean ruffians. On the previous day there will be sport
+with wild beasts. I am told that there have been wolves trapped during the
+winter in the Cebennæ, and sent down here, where they are retained
+fasting. I have heard their howls at night and they have disturbed my
+sleep—their howls and the aches in my thigh. I knew the weather would
+change by the pains in my joint. There is a man named Amphilochius, a
+manumitted slave, who broke into and robbed the villa of the master who
+had freed him. He is a Greek of Iconium, and the public are promised that
+he shall be cast to the beasts; but whether to the panthers, or the
+wolves, or bear, or given to be gored by a bull, that I know not. Then
+there is a taverner from somewhere on the way to Ugernum, who for years
+has murdered such of his guests as he esteemed well furnished with money,
+and has thrown their carcasses into the river. He will fight the beasts.
+There is a bear from Larsacus; but they tell me he is dull, has not yet
+shaken off his winter sleep, and the people fear they will get small
+entertainment out of him.”
+
+“You speak of these scenes with relish.”
+
+“Ah! master, before I was regenerate I dearly loved the spectacles. But
+the contest with bulls! That discovers the agility of a man. Falerius
+Volupius Servilianus placed rosettes between their horns and gave a prize
+to any who would pluck them away. That was open to be contested for by all
+the youths of Nemausus. There was little danger to life or limb, and it
+taught them to be quick of eye and nimble in movement. But it was because
+none were gored that the spectators wearied of these innocent sports and
+clamored for the butchery of criminals and the contests of gladiators.
+There was a fine Numidian lion brought by a shipmaster to Agatha; a big
+price was asked, and the citizens of Narbo outbid us, so we lost that fine
+fellow.”
+
+“Ah, Pedo! please God that none of the brethren be exposed to the beasts.”
+
+“I think there will not be many. The Quatuor‐viri are slow to condemn, and
+Petronius Atacinus most unwilling of all. There are real criminals in the
+prison sufficient to satisfy an ordinary appetite for blood. But, see! we
+are discussing the amphitheater and not considering whither thou wilt
+betake thyself.”
+
+“I have been turning the matter over, and I think that I will go first to
+Marcianus, my brother‐deacon, and report myself to be alive and free, that
+he may inform the bishop; and I will take his advice as to my future
+conduct, and where I shall bestow myself.”
+
+“He has remained unmolested,” said the slave, “and that is to me passing
+strange, for I have been told that certain of the brethren, when
+questioned relative to the mutilation of the statue, have accused him by
+name. Yet, so far, nothing has been done. Yet I think his house is
+watched; I have noticed one Burrhus hanging about it; and Tarsius, they
+say, has turned informer. See, master! the darkness is passing away;
+already there is a wan light in the east.”
+
+“Had the mouth of the kiln been turned to the setting in place of the
+rising sun, we should not have felt the wind so greatly. Well, Pedo, we
+will be on the move. Market people from the country will be at the gates.
+I will consult with Marcianus before I do aught.”
+
+An hour later, Baudillas and his attendant were at the gate of Augustus,
+and passed in unchallenged. Owing to the furious mistral, accompanied by
+driving rain, the guards muffled themselves in their cloaks and paid
+little attention to the peasants bringing in their poultry, fish and
+vegetables for sale. The deacon and his slave entered unnoticed along with
+a party of these. In the street leading to the forum was a knot of people
+about an angry potter whose stall had been blown over by the wind. He had
+set boards on trestles, and laid out basins, pitchers, lamps, urns on the
+planks; over all he had stretched sail‐cloth. The wind had caught the
+awning and beaten it down, upsetting and crushing his ware. The potter was
+swearing that he was ruined, and that his disaster was due to the
+Christians, who had exasperated the gods by their crimes and impieties.
+
+Some looking on laughed and asked, shouting, whether the gods did not blow
+as strong blasts out of their lungs every year about the same time, and
+whether they did so because annually insulted.
+
+“But they don’t break my crocks,” stormed the potter.
+
+“Charge double for what remain unfractured,” joked an onlooker.
+
+“Come, master,” said Pedo, plucking Baudillas by the sleeve. “If that
+angry fellow recognize you, you are lost. Hold my cloak and turn down the
+lane, then we are at the _posticum_, at the back of the house. I know some
+of the family, and they will admit us.”
+
+Near by was a shop for flowers. Over the shop front was the inscription,
+“Non vendo nisi amantibus coronas” (“I sell garlands to lovers only”).(10)
+The woman in charge of the bunches and crowns of spring flowers looked
+questioningly at Baudillas. Her wares were such as invited only when the
+sun shone. The poor flowers had a draggled and desponding appearance. No
+lovers came to buy in the bitter mistral.
+
+“Come, master, we shall be recognized,” said Pedo.
+
+In another moment they had passed out of the huffle of the wind and the
+drift of the rain into the shelter and warmth of a dwelling.
+
+Pedo bade a slave go to Marcianus and tell the deacon that someone below
+desired a word with him. Almost immediately the man returned with orders
+to conduct the visitor to the presence of the master.
+
+Baudillas was led along a narrow passage into a chamber in the inner part
+of the house, away from the apartments for the reception of guests.
+
+The room was warmed. It was small, and had a glazed window; that is to
+say, the opening was closed by a sheet of stalagmite from one of the caves
+of Larsacus, cut thin.
+
+In this chamber, seated on an easy couch, with a roll in his hand, which
+he was studying, was Marcianus. His countenance was hard and haughty.
+
+“You!” he exclaimed, starting with surprise. “What brings you here? I
+heard that you had been before the magistrate and had confessed. But, bah!
+of such as you martyrs are not made. You have betrayed us and got off
+clear yourself.”
+
+“You mistake, brother,” answered Baudillas, modestly. “In one thing are
+you right—I am not of the stuff out of which martyrs and confessors are
+fashioned. But I betrayed no one. Not that there is any merit due to me
+for that. I was in such a dire and paralyzing fright that I could not
+speak.”
+
+“How then come you here?”
+
+“As we read that the Lord sent His angel to deliver Peter from prison, so
+has it been with me.”
+
+“You lie!” said Marcianus angrily. “No miracle was wrought for you—for
+such as you who shiver and quake and lose power of speech! Bah! Come, give
+me a more rational explanation of your escape.”
+
+“My slave was the angel who delivered me.”
+
+“So you ran away! Could not endure martyrdom, saw the crown shining, and
+turned tail and used your legs. I can well believe it. Coward! Unworthy of
+the name of a Christian, undeserving of the cross marked on thy brow,
+unbecoming of the ministry.”
+
+“I know that surely enough,” said Baudillas; “I am of timorous stuff, and
+from childhood feared pain. But I have not denied Christ.”
+
+“What has brought you here?” asked Marcianus curtly.
+
+“I have come to thee for counsel.”
+
+“The counsel I give thou wilt not take. What saith the Scripture: ‘He that
+putteth his hand to the plough and turneth back is not fit for the kingdom
+of God.’ Thou wast called to a glorious confession, and looked back and
+ran away.”
+
+“And thy counsel?”
+
+“Return and surrender, and win the crown and palm. But it is waste of
+breath to say such words to thee. I know thee. Wast thou subjected to
+torture?”
+
+“No, brother.”
+
+“No; not the rack, nor the torches, nor the hooks, nor the thumbscrews.
+Oh, none of these!”
+
+“No, brother. It is true, I was scarce tried at all. Indeed, it was good
+luck—God forgive me!—it was through His mercy that I was saved from
+denying the faith. I was not even asked to sacrifice.”
+
+“Well; go thy ways. I cannot advise thee.”
+
+“Stay,” said Baudillas. “I saw in the outer prison some of the faithful,
+but was in too great fear to recognize any. Who have been taken?”
+
+“The last secured has been the widow Quincta. The pontiff and the _flamen_
+Augustalis and the priestess of Nemausus swear that she shall be put on
+the rack and tortured till she reveals where her daughter is concealed,
+and that amiable drone, the acting magistrate, has given consent. Dost
+thou know where the damsel Perpetua is concealed?”
+
+“Indeed, Marcianus, I know not. But tell me: hast thou not been inquired
+for? I have been told how that some have accused thee.”
+
+“Me! Who said that?”
+
+Marcianus started, and his face worked. “Bah! they dare not touch me. I
+belong to the Falerii; we have had magistrates in our family, and one
+clothed with the pro‐consulship. They will not venture to lay hands on
+me.”
+
+“But what if they know, and it is known through the town, that it was thou
+who didst mutilate the statue of the founder?”
+
+“They do not know it.”
+
+“Nay, thou deceivest thyself. It is known. Some of those who were at the
+Agape have spoken.”
+
+“It was thou—dog that thou art!”
+
+“Nay, it was not I.”
+
+Marcianus rose and strode up and down the room, biting his nails. Then,
+contemptuously, he said: “My family will stand between me and mob or
+magistrate. I fear not. But get thee gone. Thou compromisest me by thy
+presence, thou runagate and jail‐breaker.”
+
+“I came here but to notify my escape and to ask counsel of thee.”
+
+“Get thee gone. Fly out of Nemausus, or thy chattering tongue will be set
+going and reveal everything that ought to be kept secret.” Then taking a
+turn he added to himself, “I belong to the Falerii.”
+
+Baudillas left; and, as he went from the door, Pedo whispered in his ear:
+“Let us escape to Ad Fines. We can do so in this detestable weather. I
+have an old friend there, named Blanda. In my youth I loved—ah! welladay!
+that was long ago—and we were the chattels of different masters, so it
+came to naught. She is still a slave, but she may be able to assist us. I
+can be sure of that; for the remembrance of our old affection, she will do
+what lies in her power to secrete us.”
+
+He suddenly checked himself, plucked the deacon back, and drew him against
+the wall.
+
+An ædile, attended by a body of the city police, armed like soldiers,
+advanced and silently surrounded the house of Marcianus.
+
+Then the officer struck the door thrice, and called: “By the authority of
+Petronius Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, Quatuor‐viri juridicundo, and in
+the name of the Imperator Cæsar Augustus, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, I
+arrest Cneius Falerius Marcianus, on the atrocious charge of sacrilege.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XX
+
+                             IN THE BASILICA
+
+
+The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in
+the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected
+by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous
+maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Cæsars. Of this
+magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the
+frieze in the museum.
+
+When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a
+case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum. But this was impossible
+to‐day, in the howling wind and lashing rain. The court itself was
+comparatively deserted. A very few had assembled to hear the trials. None
+who had a warmed home that day left it uncalled for. Some market women set
+their baskets in the doorway and stepped inside, but it was rather because
+they were wet and out of breath than because they were interested in the
+proceedings. Beside the magistrate sat the chief _pontifex_ who was also
+Augustal _flamen_. Of _pontifices_ there were three in the city, but one
+of these was a woman, the priestess of Nemausus.
+
+Throughout the south of Gaul the worship of Augustus had become
+predominant, and had displaced most of the ancestral cults. The temples
+dedicated to Augustus exceeded in richness all others, and were crowded
+when the rest were deserted.
+
+Jupiter was only not forgotten because he had borrowed some of the
+attributes of the Gallic solar deity, and he flourished the golden wheel
+in one hand and brandished the lightnings in the other. Juno had lent her
+name to a whole series of familiar spirits of the mountains and of the
+household, closely allied to the _Proxumes_, a set of domestic Brownies or
+Kobolds, who were chiefly adored and propitiated by the women, and who had
+no other temple than the hearth. At Tarasconum, the Phœnician goddess
+Britomartis reigned supreme, and her worship was stimulated by a grand
+annual procession and dramatic representation of her conquest over a
+dragon. At Nemausus the corresponding god of war was called Mars
+Britovius. But the Volcæ Arecomici were a peaceably‐disposed people, and
+paid little devotion to the god of battles. The cult of the founder
+Nemausus did not flag, but that of Augustus was in the ascendant. All the
+freedmen were united in one great sodality under his invocation, and this
+guild represented an important political factor in the land. It had its
+religious officers, its _flamines_ and _seviri_, attended by lictors, and
+the latter had charge of all the altars at the crossroads, and sat next to
+the civic functionaries in the courts, at banquets, in the theater. Rich
+citizens bequeathed large sums to the town and to the sodalities to be
+expended in public feasts, in largesses, and in gladiatorial shows. The
+charge of these bequests, as also their distribution, was in the hands of
+the _flamines_ and _seviri_. The priesthood was, therefore, provided with
+the most powerful of all means for gaining and moving the multitude, which
+desired nothing better than bread and games.
+
+“Have that door shut!” called the magistrate. “It bangs in this evil wind,
+and I cannot even hear what my excellent friend Lucius Smerius is saying
+in my ear; how then can I catch what is said in court?” Then, turning to
+the pontiff, he said: “I detest this weather. Last year, about this time,
+I was struck with an evil blast, and lost all sense of smell and taste for
+nine months. I had pains in my loins and an ache in all my bones. I doubt
+if even the jests of Baubo could have made me laugh; I was in lower dumps
+than even Ceres. Even now, when seated far too long in this marble chair,
+I get an ache across my back that assures me I am no longer young. But I
+could endure that if my sense of taste had been fully restored. I do not
+relish good wine as of old, and that is piteous, and I really at times
+think of suicide.”
+
+“It was the work of enchantment,” said the pontiff. “These Christians, in
+their orgies, stick pins into images to produce pains in those the figures
+represent.”
+
+“How do you know this? Have you been initiated into their mysteries?”
+
+“I——! The Immortals preserve me therefrom.”
+
+“Then, by Pluto, you speak what you have heard of the gossips—old wives’
+babble. I will tell you what my opinion is, Smerius. If you were to thrust
+your nose into the mysteries of the Bona Dea you would find—what? No more
+than did Clodius—nothing at all. My wife, she attends them, and comes home
+with her noddle full of all the tittle‐tattle of Nemausus. It is so with
+the Christian orgies. I would not give a snap of the fingers for all the
+secrets confided to the initiated—neither in Eleusis nor in the Serapium,
+nor among the Christians.”
+
+“These men are not like others; they are unsociable, brutish, arrogant.”
+
+“Unsociable I allow. Brutish! The word is inapt; for, on the contrary, I
+find them very simple, soft‐headed, pulp‐hearted folk. They abstain from
+all that is boisterous and cruel. Arrogant they may be. There I am at one
+with you. ‘Live and let live’ is my maxim. We have a score of gods, home
+made and foreign, and they all rub and tumble together without squabbling.
+Of late we have had Madame Isis over from Egypt, and the White Ladies,(11)
+and the Proxumes, Victoria Augusta, Venus, and Minerva, make room for her
+without even a frown on their divine faces. And imperial Rome sanctions
+all these devotions. Why, did not the god Augustus build a temple here to
+Nemausus and pay him divine honors, though he had never heard him named
+before? Now this Christian sect is exclusive. It will suffer no gods to
+stand beside Him whom they adore. He must reign alone. That I call
+illiberal, narrow‐minded, against the spirit of the age and the principle
+of Roman policy. That is the reason why I dislike these Christians.”
+
+“Here come the prisoners. My good friend, do not be too easy with them. It
+will not do. The temper of the people is up. The sodality of Augustus
+swear that they will not decree you a statue, and will oppose your
+nomination to the knighthood. They have joined hands with the Cultores
+Nemausi, and insist that proper retribution be administered to the
+transgressors, and that the girl be surrendered.”
+
+“It shall be done; it shall be so,” said the Quatuorvir. Then, raising his
+hand to his mouth, and speaking behind it—not that in the roar of the wind
+such a precaution was necessary—he said to the pontiff: “My dear man, a
+magistrate has other matters to consider than pleasing the clubs. There is
+the prince over all, and he is on the way to Narbonese Gaul. It is
+whispered that he is favorably disposed towards this Nazarene sect.”
+
+“The Augustus would not desire to have the laws set at naught, and the
+sodalities are rich enough to pay to get access to him and make their
+complaint.”
+
+“Well, well, well! I cannot please all. I have to steer my course among
+shoals and rocks. Keep the question of Christianity in the background and
+charge on other grounds. That is my line. I will do my best to please all
+parties. We must have sport for the games. The rabble desire to have some
+one punished for spoiling their pet image. But, by the Twins, could not
+the poor god hold his own head on his shoulders? If he had been worth an
+as, he would have done so. But there, I nettle you. You shall be satisfied
+along with the rest. Bring up the prisoners: Quincta, widow of Aulus
+Harpinius Læto, first of all.”
+
+The mother of Perpetua was led forward in a condition of terror that
+rendered her almost unconscious, and unable to sustain herself.
+
+“Quincta,” said the magistrate, “have no fear for yourself. I have no
+desire to deal sharply with you; if you will inform us where is your
+daughter, you shall be dismissed forthwith.”
+
+“I do not know——” The poor woman could say no more.
+
+“Give her a seat,” ordered Petronius. Then to the prisoner: “Compose
+yourself. No doubt that, as a mother, you desire to screen your daughter,
+supposing that her life is menaced. No such thing, madame. I have spoken
+with the priestess, and with my good friend here, Lucius Smerius, chief
+pontiff, Augustal _flamen_, and public haruspex.” He bowed to the priest
+at his side. “I am assured that the god, when he spoke, made no demand for
+a sacrifice. That is commuted. All he desires is that the young virgin
+should pass into his service, and be numbered among his priestesses.”
+
+“She will not consent,” gasped Quincta.
+
+“I hardly need to point out the honor and advantage offered her. The
+priestesses enjoy great favor with the people, have seats of honor at the
+theater, take a high position in all public ceremonies, and are maintained
+by rich endowments.”
+
+“She will never consent,” repeated the mother.
+
+“Of that we shall judge for ourselves. Where is the girl?”
+
+“I do not know.”
+
+“How so?”
+
+“She has been carried away from me; I know not whither.”
+
+“When the old ewe baas the lamb will bleat,” said the Quatuorvir. “We
+shall find the means to make you produce her. Lady Quincta, my duty
+compels me to send you back to prison. You shall be allowed two days’
+respite. Unless, by the end of that time, you are able and willing to give
+us the requisite information, you will be put to the question, and I doubt
+not that a turn of the rack will refresh your memory and relax your
+tongue.”
+
+“I cannot tell what I do not know.”
+
+“Remove the woman.”
+
+The magistrate leaned back, and turning his head to the pontiff, said:
+“Did not your worthy father, Spurius, die of a surfeit of octopus? I had a
+supper off the legs last night, and they made me sleep badly; they are no
+better than marine leather.” Then to the _vigiles_: “Bring forward
+Falerius Marcianus.”
+
+The deacon was conducted before the magistrate. He was pale, and his lips
+ashen and compressed. His dark eyes turned in every direction. He was
+looking for kinsmen and patron.
+
+“You are charged, Falerius, with having broken the image of the god whom
+Nemausus delights to honor, and who is the reputed founder of the city.
+You conveyed his head to the house of Baudillas, and several witnesses
+have deposed that you made boast that you had committed the sacrilegious
+act of defacing the statue. What answer make you to this?”
+
+Marcianus replied in a low voice.
+
+“Speak up,” said the magistrate; “I cannot hear thee, the wind blusters
+and bellows so loud.” Aside to the pontiff Smerius he added: “And ever
+since that evil blast you wot of, I have suffered from a singing in my
+ears.”
+
+“I did it,” said the deacon. Again he looked about him, but saw none to
+support him.
+
+“Then,” said the magistrate, “we shall at once conclude this matter. The
+outrage is too gross to be condoned or lightly punished. Even thy friends
+and kinsfolk have not appeared to speak for thee. Thy family has been one
+of dignity and authority in Nemausus. There have been members who have
+been clothed with the Quatuorvirate _de aerario_ and have been accorded
+the use of a horse at public charge. Several have been decurions wearing
+the white toga and the purple stripe. This aggravates the impiety of your
+act. I sentence Cneius Falerius Marcianus, son of Marius Audolatius, of
+the Voltinian tribe, to be thrown to the beasts in the approaching show,
+and that his goods be confiscated, and that out of his property
+restitution be made, by which a new statue to the god Nemausus be
+provided, to be set up in the place of that injured by the same Cneius
+Falerius Marcianus.”
+
+The deacon made an attempt to speak. He seemed overwhelmed with
+astonishment and dismay at the sentence, so utterly unexpected in its
+severity. He gesticulated and cried out, but the Quatuorvir was cold and
+weary. He had pronounced a sentence that would startle all the town, and
+he thought he had done enough.
+
+“Remove him at once,” said he.
+
+Then Petronius turned to the pontiff and said: “Now, my Smerius, what say
+you to this? Will not this content you and all the noisy rag‐tag at your
+back?”
+
+Next he commanded the rest of the prisoners to be brought forward
+together. This was a mixed number of poor persons, some women, some old
+men, boys, slaves and freedmen; none belonged to the upper class or even
+to that of the manufacturers and tradesmen.
+
+“You are all dismissed,” said the magistrate. “The imprisonment you have
+undergone will serve as a warning to you not to associate with image‐
+breakers, not to enter into sodalities which have not received the
+sanction of Cæsar, and which are not compatible with the well‐being and
+quiet of the city and are an element of disturbance in the empire. Let us
+hear no more of this pestilent nonsense. Go—worship what god ye will—only
+not Christos.”
+
+Then the lictors gathered around the Quatuorvir and the pontiff, who also
+rose, and extended his hand to assist the magistrate, who made wry faces
+as rheumatic twinges nipped his back.
+
+“Come with me, Smerius,” said the Quatuorvir, “I have done the best for
+you that lay in my power. I hate unnecessary harshness. But this fellow,
+Falerius Marcianus, has deserved the worst. If the old woman be put on the
+rack and squeak out, and Marcianus be devoured by beasts, the people will
+have their amusement, and none can say that I have acted with excessive
+rigor—and, my dear man—not a word has been said about Christianity. The
+cases have been tried on other counts, do you see?” he winked. “Will you
+breakfast with me? There are mullets from the Satera, stewed in white
+wine—confound those octopi!—I feel them still.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XXI
+
+                              A MANUMISSION
+
+
+“Blanda, what shall I do?”
+
+Æmilius had withdrawn immediately after the interview in the citron‐house,
+and Perpetua was left a prey to even greater distress of mind than before.
+
+Accustomed to lean on her mother, she was now without support. She drew
+towards the female slave, who had a patient, gentle face, marked with
+suffering.
+
+“Blanda, what shall I do?”
+
+“Mistress, how can I advise? If you had been graciously pleased to take
+counsel of my master, he would have instructed you.”
+
+“Alack! what I desire is to find my mother. If, as I suppose, she is in
+concealment in Nemausus, he will be unable to discover her. No clue will
+be put into his hand. He will be regarded with suspicion. He will search;
+I do not doubt his good will, but he will not find. Those who know where
+my mother is will look on him with suspicion. O Blanda, is there none in
+this house who believes, whom I could send to some of the Church?”
+
+“Lady,” answered the slave, “there be no Christians here. There is a Jew,
+but he entertains a deadly hate of such as profess to belong to this sect.
+To the rest one religion is as indifferent as another. Some swear by the
+White Ladies, some by Serapis, and there is one who talks much of Mithras,
+but who this god is I know not.”
+
+“If I am to obtain information it must be through some one who is to be
+trusted.”
+
+“Lady,” said the woman‐slave, “the master has given strict orders that
+none shall speak of you as having found a shelter here. Yet when slaves
+get together, by the Juno of the oaks, I believe men chatter and are
+greater magpies than we women; their tongues run away with them,
+especially when they taste wine. If one of the family were sent on this
+commission into the town, ten _sesterces_ to an _as_, he would tell that
+you are here, and would return as owlish and ignorant as when he went
+forth. Men’s minds are cudgels, not awls. If thou desirest to find out a
+thing, trust a woman, not a man.”
+
+“I cannot rest till I have news.”
+
+“There has been a great search made after Christians, and doubtless she
+is, as thou sayest, in concealment, surely among friends. Have patience.”
+
+“But, Blanda, she is in an agony of mind as to what has become of me.”
+
+The slave‐woman considered for awhile, and then said:
+
+“There is a man who might help; he certainly can be relied on. He is of
+the strange sect I know, and he would do anything for me, and would betray
+no secrets.”
+
+“Who is that?”
+
+“His name is Pedo, and he is the slave to Baudillas Macer, son of Carisius
+Adgonna, who has a house in the lower town.”
+
+“O Blanda!” exclaimed Perpetua, “it was from the house of Baudillas that I
+was enticed away.” Then, after some hesitation, she added: “That house, I
+believe, was invaded by the mob; but I think my mother had first escaped.”
+
+“Lady, I have heard that Baudillas has been taken before the magistrate,
+and has been cast into the _robur_, because that in his house was found
+the head of the god; and it was supposed that he was guilty of the
+sacrilege, either directly or indirectly. He that harbors a thief is
+guilty as the thief. I heard that yesterday. No news has since been
+received. I mistrust my power of reaching the town, of standing against
+the gale. Moreover, as the master has been imprisoned, it is not likely
+that the slave will be in the empty house. Yet, if thou wilt tarry till
+the gale be somewhat abated and the rain cease to fall in such a rush, I
+will do my utmost to assist thee. I will go to the town myself, and
+communicate with Pedo, if I can find him. He will trust me, poor fellow!”
+
+“I cannot require thee to go forth in this furious wind,” said Perpetua.
+
+“And, lady, thou must answer to my master for me. Say that I went at thine
+express commands; otherwise I shall be badly beaten.”
+
+“Is thy master so harsh?”
+
+“Oh, I am a slave. Who thinks of a slave any more than of an ass or a
+lapdog? It was through a severe scourging with the cat that I was brought
+to know Pedo.”
+
+“Tell me, how was that?”
+
+“Does my lady care for matters that affect her slave?”
+
+“Nay, good Blanda, we Christians know no difference between bond and free.
+All are the children of one God, who made man. Our master, though Lord of
+all, made Himself of no reputation, but took on Him the form of a servant;
+and was made subject for us.”
+
+“That is just how Pedo talks. We slaves have our notions of freedom and
+equality, and there is much tall talk in the servants’ hall on the rights
+of man. But I never heard of a master or mistress holding such opinions.”
+
+“Nevertheless this doctrine is a principle of our religion. Listen to
+this; the words are those of one of our great teachers: ‘There is neither
+Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor
+female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.’”
+
+“Was he a slave who said that?”
+
+“No; he was a Roman citizen.”
+
+“That I cannot understand. Yet perhaps he spoke it at an election time, or
+when he was an advocate in the forum. It was a sentiment; very fine,
+smartly put, but not to be practiced.”
+
+“There, Blanda, you are wrong. We Christians do act upon this principle,
+and it forms a bond of union between us.”
+
+“Well, I understand it not. I have heard the slaves declaim among
+themselves, saying that they were as good as, nay, better than, their
+masters; but they never whispered such a thought where were their masters’
+ears, or they would have been soundly whipped. In the forum, when lawyers
+harangue, they say fine things of this sort; and when candidates are
+standing for election, either as a sevir or as a quatuorvir, all sorts of
+fine words fly about, and magnificent promises are made, but they are
+intended only to tickle ears and secure votes. None believe in them save
+the vastly ignorant and the very fools.”
+
+“Come, tell me about thyself and Pedo.”
+
+“Ah, lady, that was many years ago. I was then in the household of Helvia
+Secundilla, wife of Calvius Naso. On one occasion, because I had not
+brought her May‐dew wherewith to bathe her face to remove sun‐spots, she
+had me cruelly beaten. There were knucklebones knotted in the cat
+wherewith I was beaten. Thirty‐nine lashes I received. I could not collect
+May‐dew, for the sky was overcast and the herb was dry. But she regarded
+not my excuse. Tullia, my fellow‐slave, was more sly. She filled a flask
+at a spring and pretended that she had gathered it off the grass, and that
+her fraud might not be detected, she egged her mistress on against me. I
+was chastised till my back was raw.”
+
+“Poor Blanda!”
+
+“Aye, my back was one bleeding wound, and yet I was compelled to put on my
+garment and go forth again after May‐dew. It was then that I encountered
+Pedo. I was in such pain that I walked sobbing, and my tears fell on the
+arid grass. He came to me, moved by compassion, and spoke kindly, and my
+heart opened, and I told him all. Then he gave me a flask filled with a
+water in which elder flowers had been steeped, and bade me wash my back
+therewith.”
+
+“And it healed thee?”
+
+“It soothed the fever of my blood and the anguish of my wounds. They
+closed, and in a few days were cicatriced. But Pedo had been fellow‐slave
+with a Jewish physician, and from him had learned the use of simples. My
+mistress found no advantage from the spring‐water brought her as May‐dew.
+Then I offered her some of the decoction given me by Pedo, and that had a
+marvelous effect on her freckles. Afterwards her treatment of me was
+kinder, and it was Tullia who received the whippings.”
+
+“And did you see more of Pedo?”
+
+Blanda colored.
+
+“Mistress, that was the beginning of our acquaintance. He was with a good
+master, Baudillas Macer, who, he said, would manumit him at any time. But,
+alas! what would that avail me? I remained in bondage. Ah, lady, Pedo
+regarded me with tenderness, and, indeed, I could have been happy with
+none other but him.”
+
+“He is old and lame.”
+
+“Ah, lady, I think the way he moves on his lame hip quite beautiful. I do
+not admire legs when one is of the same length as another—it gives a stiff
+uniformity not to my taste.”
+
+“And he is old?”
+
+“Ripe, lady—full ripe as a fig in August. Sour fruit are unpleasant to
+eat. Young men are prigs and think too much of themselves.”
+
+“How long ago was it that this acquaintance began?”
+
+“Five and twenty years. I trusted, when my master, Calvius Naso—he was so
+called because he really had a long nose, and my mistress was wont to
+tweak it—but there! I wander. I did think that he would have given me my
+freedom. In his illness I attended to him daily, nightly. I did not sleep,
+I was ever on the watch for him. As to my mistress, she was at her
+looking‐glass, and using depilatory fluid on some hairs upon her chin,
+expecting shortly to be a widow. She did not concern herself about the
+master. He died, but left money only for the erection of a statue in the
+forum. Me he utterly forgot. Then my mistress sold me to the father of my
+present master. When he died also he manumitted eight slaves, but they
+were all men. His monument stands beside the road to Tolosa, with eight
+Phrygian caps sculptured on it, to represent the manumissions; but me—he
+forgot.”
+
+“Then, for all these five and twenty years you have cared for Pedo and
+desired to be united to him!”
+
+“Yes, I longed for it greatly for twenty years, and so did he, poor
+fellow; but, after that, hope died. I have now no hope, no joy in life, no
+expectation of aught. Presently will come death, and death ends all.”
+
+“No, Blanda; that is not what we hold. We look for eternal life.”
+
+“For masters, not for slaves.”
+
+“For slaves as well as masters, and then God will wipe away all tears from
+our eyes.”
+
+“Alack, mistress. The power to hope is gone from me. In a wet season, when
+there is little sun, then the fruit mildews on the tree and drops off.
+When we were young we put forth the young fruit of hopes; but there has
+been no sun. They fall off, and the tree can bear no more.”
+
+“Blanda, if ever I have the power——”
+
+“Oh, mistress, with my master you can do anything.”
+
+“Blanda, I do not know that I can ask him for this—thy freedom. But, if
+the opportunity offers, I certainly will not forget thee.”
+
+A slave appeared at the door and signed to Blanda, who, with an obeisance,
+asked leave to depart. The leave was given, and she left the room.
+
+Presently she returned in great excitement, followed by Baudillas and
+Pedo, both drenched with rain and battered by the gale.
+
+Perpetua uttered an exclamation of delight, and rushed to the deacon with
+extended arms.
+
+“I pray, I pray, give me some news of my mother.”
+
+But he drew back likewise surprised, and replied with another question:
+
+“The Lady Perpetua! And how come you to be here?”
+
+“That I will tell later,” answered the girl. “Now inform me as to my
+mother.”
+
+“Alas!” replied Baudillas, wiping the rain from his face, “the news is
+sad. She has been taken before Petronius, and has been consigned to
+prison.”
+
+“My mother is in prison!”
+
+The deacon desired to say no more, but he was awkward at disguising his
+unwillingness to speak the whole truth. The eager eyes of the girl read
+the hesitation in his face.
+
+“I beseech you,” she urged, “conceal nothing from me.”
+
+“I have told you, she is in jail.”
+
+“On what charge? Who has informed against her?”
+
+“I was not in the court when she was tried. I know very little. I was near
+the town, waiting about, and I got scraps of information from some of our
+people, and from Pedo, who went into the city.”
+
+“Then you do know. Answer me truly. Tell me all.”
+
+“I—I was in prison myself, but escaped through the aid of Pedo. I tarried
+in an old kiln. He advised that I should come on here, where he had
+friends. Dost thou know that Marcianus has been sentenced? He will win
+that glorious crown which I have lost. I—I, unworthy, I fled, when it
+might have been mine. Yet, God forgive me! I am not ungrateful to Pedo.
+Marcianus said I was a coward, and unfit for the Kingdom of God; that I
+should be excluded because I had turned back. God forgive me!”
+
+Suddenly Perpetua laid hold of Baudillas by both arms, and so gripped him
+that the water oozed between her fingers and dropped on the floor.
+
+“I adjure thee, by Him in whom we both believe, answer me truly, speak
+fully. Is my mother retained in prison till I am found?”
+
+The deacon looked down nervously, uncomfortably, and shuffled from foot to
+foot.
+
+“Understand,” said he, after a long silence, “all I learned is by hearsay.
+I really know nothing for certain.”
+
+“I suffer more by your silence than were I to be told the truth, be the
+truth never so painful.”
+
+“Have I not said it? The Lady Quincta is in prison.”
+
+“Is that all?”
+
+Again he maintained an embarrassed silence.
+
+“It matters not,” said Perpetua firmly. “I will my own self find out what
+has taken place. I shall return to Nemausus on foot, and immediately. I
+will deliver myself up to the magistrate and demand my mother’s release.”
+
+“You must not go—the weather is terrible.”
+
+“I shall—nothing can stay me. I shall go, and go alone, and go at once.”
+
+“There is no need for such haste. It is not till to‐morrow that Quincta
+will be put on the rack.”
+
+“On the rack!”
+
+“Fool that I am! I have uttered what I should have kept secret.”
+
+“It is said. My resolve is formed. I return to Nemausus.”
+
+“Then,” said the deacon, “I will go with thee.”
+
+“There is no need. I will take Blanda.”
+
+“I will go. A girl, a young girl shames me. I run away from death, and she
+offers herself to the sword. Marcianus said I was a renegade. I will not
+be thought to have denied my Master—to have fled from martyrdom.”
+
+“Then,” said Perpetua, “I pray thee this—first give freedom unto Pedo.”
+
+Baudillas administered a slight stroke on the cheek to his slave, and
+said:
+
+“Go; thou art discharged from bondage.”
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXII
+
+                                THE ARENA
+
+
+The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the
+nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or
+rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many
+citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius. He had run
+great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit
+flattery. In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill‐gotten
+gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he
+had ruined—to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of
+March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green
+in his native city.
+
+The games were to last two days. On the first there would be contests with
+beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded
+and converted into a lake.
+
+Great anxiety was entertained relative to the weather. Unless the mistral
+ceased and the rain passed away, it would be impossible for the sports to
+be held. It was true that the entire oval could be covered in by curtains
+and mats, stretched between poles, but this contrivance was intended as
+shelter against sun and not rain. Moreover, the violence of the wind had
+rendered it quite impossible to extend the curtains.
+
+The town was in the liveliest excitement. The man guilty of having
+mutilated the statue had been sentenced to be cast to the beasts, and this
+man was no vulgar criminal out of the slums, but belonged to one of the
+superior “orders.”
+
+That a great social change had taken place in the province, and that the
+freedmen had stepped into power and influence, to the displacement of
+their former masters, was felt by the descendants of the first Ægypto‐
+Greek colonists, and by the relics of the Gaulish nobility, but they
+hardly endured to admit the fact in words. The exercise of the rights of
+citizenship, the election of the officials, the qualification for filling
+the superior secular and religious offices, belonged to the decurion or
+noble families. Almost the sole office open to those below was that of the
+seviri; and yet even in elections the freedmen were beginning to exhibit a
+power of control.
+
+Now, one of the old municipal families was to be humbled by a member being
+subjected to the degradation of death in the arena, and none of the
+Falerii ventured to raise a voice in his defence, so critical did they
+perceive the situation to be. The sodality of the Augustals in conclave
+had determined that an example was to be made of Marcianus, and had made
+this plain to the magistrates. They had even insisted on the manner of his
+execution. His death would be a plain announcement to the decurion class
+that its domination was at an end. The ancient patrician and plebeian
+families of Rome had been extinguished in blood, and their places filled
+by a new nobility of army factors and money‐lenders. A similar revolution
+had taken place in the provinces by less bloody means. There, the transfer
+of power was due largely to the favor of the prince accorded to the
+freedmen.
+
+In the Augustal colleges everywhere, the Cæsar had a body of devoted
+adherents, men without nationality, with no historic position, no
+traditions of past independence; men, moreover, who were shrewd enough to
+see that by combination they would eventually be able to wrest the control
+of the municipal government from those who had hitherto exercised it.
+
+The rumor spread rapidly that a fresh entertainment was to be provided.
+The damsel who had been rescued from the basin of Nemausus had surrendered
+herself in order to obtain the release of her mother; and the magistrate
+in office, Petronius Atacinus, out of consideration for the good people of
+the town, whom he loved, and out of reverence for the gods who had been
+slighted, had determined that she should be produced in the arena, and
+there obliged publicly to sacrifice, and then to be received into the
+priesthood. Should she, however, prove obdurate, then she would be
+tortured into compliance.
+
+Nor was this all. Baudillas Macer, the last scion of a decayed Volcian
+family, who had been cast into the pit of the _robur_, but had escaped,
+was also to be brought out and executed, as having assisted in the rescue
+of Perpetua from the fountain, but chiefly for having connived at the
+crime of Falerius Marcianus.
+
+To the general satisfaction, the wind fell as suddenly as it had risen,
+and that on the night preceding the sports. The weather remained bitterly
+cold, and the sky was dark with clouds that seemed ready to burst. Not a
+ray of sunlight traveled across the arena and climbed the stages of the
+amphitheater. The day might have been one in November, and the weather
+that encountered on the northern plains of Germania.
+
+The townsfolk, and the spectators from the country, came provided against
+the intemperance of the weather, wrapped in their warmest mantles, which
+they drew as hoods over their heads. Slaves arrived, carrying boxes with
+perforated tops, that contained glowing charcoal, so that their masters
+and mistresses might keep their feet warm whilst attending the games. Some
+carried cushions for the seats, others wolf‐skin rugs to throw over the
+knees of the well‐to‐do spectators.
+
+The ranges of the great oval were for the most part packed with
+spectators. The topmost seats were full long before the rest. The stone
+benches were divided into tiers. At the bottom, near the _podium_ or
+breastwork confining the arena, were those for the municipal dignitaries,
+for the priests, and for certain strangers to whom seats had been granted
+by decree of the town council. Here might be read, “Forty seats decreed to
+the navigators of the Rhône and Saone;” at another part of the
+circumference, “Twenty‐five places appointed to the navigators of the
+Ardèche and the Ouvèze.”
+
+Above the ranges of seats set apart for the officials and guests were
+those belonging to the decurions and knights, the nobility and gentry of
+the town and little republic. The third range was that allotted to the
+freedmen and common townsfolk and peasants from the country, and the
+topmost stage was abandoned to be occupied by slaves alone. At one end of
+the ellipse sat the principal magistrates close to the _podium_ at one
+end, and at the other the master of the games and his attendants, the
+prefect of the watch and of the firemen.
+
+Two doors, one at each end, gave access to the arena, or means of exit.
+One was that of the _vivarium_, whence the gladiators and prisoners issued
+from a large chamber under the seats and feet of the spectators. The other
+door was that which conducted to the _libitinum_, into which were cast the
+corpses of men and the carcasses of beasts that had perished in the games.
+
+Immediately below the seat of the principal magistrates and of the
+pontiffs was a little altar, on the breastwork about the arena, with a
+statue of Nemausus above it; and a priest stood at the side to keep the
+charcoal alight, and to serve the incense to such as desired to do homage
+to the god.
+
+It was remarked that the attendance in the reserved seats of the decurions
+was meager. Such as were connected with the Falerian family by blood or
+marriage made it a point to absent themselves; others stayed away because
+huffed at the insolence of the freedmen, and considering that the sentence
+passed on Marcianus was a slight cast on their order.
+
+On the other hand, the freedmen crowded to the show in full force, and not
+having room to accommodate themselves and their families in the zone
+allotted to them, some audaciously threw themselves over the barriers of
+demarcation and were followed by others, and speedily flooded the benches
+of the decurions.
+
+When the magistrates arrived, preceded by their lictors, all in the
+amphitheater rose, and the Quatuor‐viri bowed to the public. Each took a
+pinch from the priest, who extended a silver shell containing aromatic
+gums, and cast it on the fire, some gravely, Petronius with a flippant
+gesture. Then the latter turned to the Augustal _flamen_, saying: “To the
+god Augustus and the divine Julia (Livia),” and he threw some more grains
+on the charcoal.
+
+“Body of Bacchus!” said he, as he took his seat, “a little fizzling spark
+such as that may please the gods, but does not content me. I wish I had a
+roaring fire at which, like a babe out of its bath, I could spread my ten
+toes and as many fingers. Such a day as this is! With cold weather I
+cannot digest my food properly. I feel a lump in me as did Saturn when his
+good Rhea gave him a meal of stones. I am full of twinges. By Vulcan and
+his bellows! if it had not been for duty I would have been at home adoring
+the Lares and Penates. These shows are for the young and warm‐blooded. The
+arms of my chair send a chill into my marrow‐bones. What comes first? Oh!
+a contest with a bull. Well, I shall curl up and doze like a marmot. Wake
+me, good Smerius, when the next portion of the entertainment begins.”
+
+A bull was introduced, and a gladiator was employed to exasperate and play
+with the beast. He waved a garment before its eyes, then drove a sharp
+instrument into its flank, and when the beast turned, he nimbly leaped out
+of the way. When pursued he ran, then turned sharply, put his hands on the
+back of the bull, and leaped over it.
+
+The people cheered, but they had seen the performance so often repeated
+that they speedily tired of such poor sport. The bull was accordingly
+dispatched. Horses were introduced and hooked to the carcass, which was
+rapidly drawn out. Then entered attendants of the amphitheater, who
+strewed sand where the blood had been spilt, bowed and retired.
+
+Thereupon the jailer threw open the gates of the _vivarium_ and brought
+forth the prisoners. These consisted of the taverner who had murdered his
+guests, the manumitted slave who had robbed his master, Baudillas,
+Marcianus and Perpetua.
+
+A thrill of cruel delight ran through the concourse of spectators. Now
+something was about to be shown them, harrowing to the feelings,
+gratifying to the ferocity that is natural to all men, and is expelled,
+not at all by civilization, but by divine grace only.
+
+It enhanced the pleasure of the spectators that criminals should witness
+the death of their fellows. Eyes scanned their features, observed whether
+they turned sick and faint, whether they winced, or whether they remained
+cool and callous. This gave a cruel zest to their enjoyment.
+
+A bear was produced. Dogs were set on him, and he was worried till he
+shook off his torpor and was worked into fury. Then, at a sign from the
+manager of the games, the dogs were called off, and the man who had
+murdered his guests was driven forward towards the incensed beast.
+
+The fellow was sullen, and gave no token of fear. He folded his arms,
+leaned against the marble _podium_, and looked contemptuously around him
+at the occupants of the tiers of seats.
+
+The bear, relieved from his aggressors, seemed indisposed to notice the
+man.
+
+Then the spectators roared to the criminal, bidding him invite the brute
+against himself. It was a strange fact that often in these horrible
+exhibitions a man condemned to fight with the beasts allowed himself a
+brief display of vanity, and sought to elicit the applause of the
+spectators by his daring conduct to the animal that was to mangle and kill
+him.
+
+But the ill‐humored fellow would not give this pleasure to the onlookers.
+
+Then the master of the sports signed to the attendants to goad the bear.
+They obeyed, and he turned and growled and struck at them, but would not
+touch the man designed to be hugged by him.
+
+After many vain attempts, amidst the hooting and roar of the people, a
+sign was made. Some gladiators leaped in, and with their swords dispatched
+the taverner.
+
+The spectators were indignant. They had been shown no sport, only a common
+execution. They were shivering with cold; some grumbled, and said that
+this was childish stuff to witness which was not worth the discomfort of
+the exposure. Then, as with one voice, rose the yell: “The wolves! send in
+the wolves! Marcianus to the wolves!”
+
+The master of the games dispatched a messenger to the Quatuorvir who was
+then the acting magistrate. He nodded to what was said, waved his hand in
+the direction of the master’s box, and the latter sent an attendant to the
+keeper of the beasts.
+
+The jailer‐executioner at once grasped the deacon Falerius Marcianus by
+the shoulders, bade him descend some steps and enter the arena.
+
+Marcianus was deadly white. He shrank with disgust from the spot where the
+soil was drenched with the blood of the taverner, and which was not as yet
+strewn over with fresh sand. He cast a furtive look at the altar, then
+made an appealing gesture to the magistrate.
+
+“Come here, Cneius Marcianus,” said Petronius. “You belong to a
+respectable and ancient family. You have been guilty of an infamous deed
+that has brought disgrace on your entire order. See how many absent
+themselves this day on that account! Your property is confiscated, you are
+sentenced to death. Yet I give you one chance. Sacrifice to the gods and
+blaspheme Christ. I do not promise you life if you do this. You must
+appeal to the people. If they see you offer incense, they will know that
+you have renounced the Crucified. Then I will put the question to their
+decision. If they hold up their thumbs you will live. Consider, it is a
+chance; it depends, not on me, but on their humor. Will you sacrifice?”
+
+Marcianus looked at the mighty hoop of faces. He saw that the vast
+concourse was thrilled with expectation; a notion crossed the mind of one
+of the freedmen that Marcianus was being given a means of escape, and he
+shouted words that, though audible and intelligible to those near, were
+not to be caught by such as were distant. But the purport of his address
+was understood, and produced a deafening, a furious roar of remonstrance.
+
+“I will not sacrifice,” said the deacon; “I am a Christian.”
+
+Then Petronius Atacinus raised his hand, partly to assure the spectators
+that he was not opposing their wishes, partly as a signal to the master of
+the games.
+
+Instantly a low door in the barrier was opened, and forth rushed a howling
+pack of wolves. When they had reached the center of the arena, they stood
+for a moment snuffing, and looked about them in questioning attitudes.
+Some, separating from the rest, ran with their snouts against the ground
+to where the recent blood had been spilt. But, all at once, a huge gray
+wolf, that led the pack, uttered a howl, and made a rush and a leap
+towards Marcianus; and the rest followed.
+
+The sight was too terrible for the deacon to contemplate it unmoved. He
+remained but for an instant as one frozen, and then with a cry he started
+and ran round the ellipse, and the whole gray pack tore after him. Now and
+then, finding that they gained on him, he turned with threatening gestures
+that cowed the brutes; but this was for a moment only. Their red eyes,
+their gleaming teeth filled the wretched man with fresh terror, and again
+he ran.
+
+The spectators clapped their hands—some stood up on their seats and
+laughed in ecstasy of enjoyment. Once, twice he made the circuit of the
+arena; and his pace, if possible, became quicker. The delight of the
+spectators became an intoxication. It was exquisite. Fear in the flying
+man became frantic. His breath, his strength were failing. Then suddenly
+he halted, half turned, and ran to the foot of the barrier before the seat
+of the Quatuor‐viri, and extended his hand: “Give me the incense! I
+worship Nemausus! I adore Augustus! I renounce Christ!”
+
+At the same moment the old monster wolf had seized him from behind. The
+arms of the deacon were seen for an instant in the air. The spectators
+stamped and danced and cheered—the dense gray mass of writhing, snarling
+beasts closed over the spot where Marcianus had fallen!
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXIII
+
+                             THE CLOUD‐BREAK
+
+
+The acting magistrate turned to his fellow‐quatuorvir, charged with co‐
+ordinate judicial authority, on the left, and said: “Your nose is leaden‐
+purple in hue.”
+
+“No marvel, in this cold. I ever suffer there with the least frost. My ear
+lobes likewise are seats of chilblain.”
+
+“In this climate! Astonishing! If it had been in Britain, or in Germany,
+it might have been expected.”
+
+“My brother‐magistrate,” said Vibius Fuscianus, “I believe that here in
+the south we are more sensible to frost than are those who live under
+hyperborean skies. There they expect cold, and take precautions
+accordingly. Here the blasts fall on us unawares. We groan and sigh till
+the sun shines out, and then forget our sufferings. Who but fools would be
+here to‐day? Look above. The clouds hang low, and are so dark that we may
+expect to be pelted with hail.”
+
+“Aye,” laughed Petronius, “as big as the pebbles that strew the Crau
+wherewith Hercules routed the Ligurians. Well; it is black as an eclipse.
+I will give thee a hint, Vibius mine! I have made my slave line this
+marble seat with hot bricks. They are comforting to the spine, the very
+column of life. Presently he will be here with another supply. You see we
+are not all fools. Some do make provision against the cold.”
+
+“I wish I had thought of this before.”
+
+“That is precisely the wish that crossed the mind of the poor wretch whom
+the wolves have finished. He postponed his renunciation of Christ till
+just too late.”
+
+Then Lucius Petronius yawned, stretched himself, and signed that the
+freedman who had robbed the master who had manumitted him, should be
+delivered to a panther.
+
+The wolves were with difficulty chased out of the arena, and then all was
+prepared for this next exhibition. It was brief. The beast was hungry, and
+the criminal exposed made little effort to resist. Next came the turn of
+Baudillas.
+
+Without raising himself in his seat, the Quatuorvir said languidly: “You
+broke out of prison, you were charged with aiding and abetting sacrilege.
+You refused to sacrifice to the genius of the Emperor. Well, if you will
+cast a few grains of incense in the fire, I will let you depart.”
+
+“I cannot forswear Christ,” said Baudillas with a firmness that surprised
+none so much as himself. But, indeed, the fall of Marcianus, so far from
+drawing him along into the same apostasy, had caused a recoil in his soul.
+To hear his fellow‐ministrant deny Christ, to see him extend his hands for
+the incense—that inspired him with an indignation which gave immense force
+to his resolution. The Church had been dishonored, the ministry disgraced
+in Marcianus. Oh, that they might not be thus humbled in himself!
+
+“Baudillas Macer,” said the magistrate, “take advice, and be speedy in
+making your election; your fellow, who has just furnished a breakfast to
+the wolves, hesitated a moment too long, and so lost his life. By the time
+he had resolved to act as a wise man and a good citizen, not the gods
+themselves could deliver him. _Flamen_, hand the shell with the grains to
+this sensible fellow.”
+
+“I cannot offer sacrifice.”
+
+“You are guilty of treason against Cæsar if you refuse to sacrifice to his
+genius. Never mind about Nemausus, whose image is there. Say—the genius of
+Cæsar, and you are quit.”
+
+“I am his most obedient subject.”
+
+“Then offer a libation or some frankincense.”
+
+“I cannot. I pray daily to God for him.”
+
+“A wilful man is like a stubborn ass. There is naught for him but the
+stick. I can do no more. I shall sentence you.”
+
+“I am ready to die for Christ.”
+
+“Then lead him away. The sword!”
+
+The deacon bowed. “I am unworthy of shedding my blood for Christ,” he
+said, and his voice, though low, was firm.
+
+Then he looked around and saw the Bishop Castor in the zone allotted to
+the citizens and knights. Baudillas crossed his arms on his breast and
+knelt on the sand, and the bishop, rising from his seat, extended his hand
+in benediction.
+
+He, Castor, had not been called to sacrifice. He had not courted death,
+but he had not shrunk from it. He had not concealed himself, nevertheless
+he had been passed over.
+
+Then the deacon, with firm step, walked into the center of the arena and
+knelt down.
+
+In another moment his head was severed from the body.
+
+The attendants immediately removed every trace of the execution, and now
+arrived the moment for which all had looked with impatience.
+
+The magistrate said: “Bring forward Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Harpinius
+Læto, that has lived.”
+
+At once Æmilius sprang into the arena and advanced before Petronius.
+
+“Suffer me to act as her advocate,” said he in an agitated voice. “You
+know me, I am Lentulus Varo.”
+
+“I know you very well by repute, Æmilius,” answered the Quatuorvir; “but I
+think there is no occasion now for your services. This is not a court of
+justice in which your forensic eloquence can be heard, neither is this a
+case to be adjudicated upon, and calling for defence. The virgin was
+chosen by lot to be given to the god Nemausus, and was again demanded by
+him speaking at midnight, after she had been rescued from his fountain, if
+I mistake not, by you. Your power of interference ceased there. Now, she
+is accused of nothing. She is reconsigned to the god, whose she is.”
+
+“I appeal to Cæsar.”
+
+“If I were to allow the appeal, would that avail thy client? But it is no
+case in which an appeal is justifiable. The god is merciful. He does not
+exact the life of the damsel, he asks only that she enter into his service
+and be a priestess at his shrine, that she pour libations before his
+altar, and strew rose leaves on his fountain. Think you that the Cæsar
+will interfere in such a matter? Think you that, were it to come before
+him, he would forbid this? But ask thy client if the appeal be according
+to her desire.”
+
+Perpetua shook her head.
+
+“No, she is aware that it would be profitless. If thou desirest to serve
+her, then use thy persuasion and induce her to do sacrifice.”
+
+“Sir,” said Æmilius in great agitation, “how can she become the votary of
+a god in whom she does not believe?”
+
+“Oh, as to that,” answered the Quatuorvir, “it is a formality, nothing
+more; a matter of incense and rose leaves. As to _belief_,” he turned to
+his fellow‐magistrate, and said, laughing, “listen to this man. He talks
+of belief, as though that were a necessary ingredient in worship! Thou,
+with thy plum‐colored nose, hast thou full faith in Æsculapius to cure
+thee even of a chilblain?”
+
+Fuscianus shrugged his shoulders. “I hate all meddlers with usages that
+are customary. I hate them as I do a bit of grit in my salad. I put them
+away.”
+
+The populace became impatient, shouted and stamped. Some, provided with
+empty gourds, in which were pebbles, rattled them, and made a strange
+sound as of a hailstorm. Others clacked together pieces of pottery. The
+magistrate turned to the pontiff on his right and said: “We believe with
+all our hearts in the gods when we do sacrifice! Oh, mightily, I trow.”
+Then he laughed again. The priest looked grave for a moment, and then he
+laughed also.
+
+“Come now,” said Lucius Petronius to the young lawyer, “to this I limit
+thy interference. Stand by the girl and induce her to yield. By the Bow‐
+bearer! young men do not often fail in winning the consent of girls when
+they use their best blandishments. It will be a scene for the stage. You
+have plenty of spectators.”
+
+“Suffer me also to stand beside her,” said the slave‐woman Blanda, who had
+not left Perpetua.
+
+“By all means. And if you two succeed, none will be better content than
+myself. I am not one who would wish a fair virgin a worse fate than to
+live and be merry and grow old. Ah me! old age!”
+
+Again the multitude shouted and rattled pumpkins.
+
+“We are detaining the people in the cold,” said the presiding magistrate;
+“the sports move sluggishly as does our blood.” Then, aside to Fuscianus,
+“My bricks are becoming sensibly chilled. I require a fresh supply.” Then
+to the maiden: “Hear me, Perpetua, daughter of Harpinius Læto that was—we
+and the gods, or the gods and we, are indisposed to deal harshly. Throw a
+few crumbs of incense on the altar, and you shall pass at once up those
+steps to the row of seats where sit the white‐robed priestesses with their
+crowns. I shall be well content.”
+
+“That is a thing I cannot do,” said Perpetua firmly.
+
+“Then we shall have to make you,” said the magistrate in hard tones. He
+was angry, vexed. “You will prove more compliant when you have been
+extended on the rack. Let her be disrobed and tortured.”
+
+Then descended into the arena two young men, who bowed to the magistrate,
+solicited leave, and drew forth styles or iron pens and tablets covered
+with wax. These were the scribes of the Church employed everywhere to take
+down a record of the last interrogatory of a martyr. Such records were
+called the “Acts.” Of them great numbers have been preserved, but
+unhappily rarely unfalsified. The simplicity of the acts, the stiffness of
+style, the absence of all miraculous incident, did not suit the taste of
+mediæval compilers, and they systematically interpolated the earlier acts
+with harrowing details and records of marvels. Nevertheless, a certain
+number of these acts remain uncorrupted, and with regard to the rest it is
+not difficult to separate in them that which is fictitious from that which
+is genuine. Such notaries were admitted to the trials and executions with
+as much indifference as would be newspaper reporters nowadays.
+
+Again, with the sweat of anguish breaking out on his brow, Æmilius
+interposed.
+
+“I pray your mercy,” he said; “let the sentence be still further modified.
+Suffer the damsel to be relieved of becoming a priestess. Let her become
+my wife, and I swear that I will make over my estate of Ad Fines to the
+temple of the god Nemausus, with the villa upon it, and statues and works
+of art.”
+
+“That is an offer to be entertained by the priesthood and not by me.
+Boy—hot bricks! and be quick about removing those which have become almost
+cold.”
+
+A pause ensued whilst the proposal of Æmilius was discussed between the
+chief priestess of the fountain and the Augustal _flamen_ and the other
+pontiffs.
+
+The populace became restless, impatient, noisy. They shouted, hooted;
+called out that they were tired of seeing nothing.
+
+“Come,” said Petronius, “I cannot further delay proceedings.”
+
+“We consent,” said the chief pontiff.
+
+“That is well.”
+
+Then Æmilius approached Perpetua, and entreated her to give way. To cast a
+few grains on the charcoal meant nothing; it was a mere movement of the
+hand, a hardly conscious muscular act, altogether out of comparison with
+the results. Such compliance would give her life, happiness, and would
+place her in a position to do vast good, and he assured her that his whole
+life would be devoted to her service.
+
+“I cannot,” she said, looking Æmilius full in the face. “Do not think me
+ungrateful; my heart overflows for what you have done for me, but I cannot
+deny my Christ.”
+
+Again he urged her. Let her consent and he—even he would become a
+Christian.
+
+“No,” said she, “not at that price. You would be in heart for ever
+estranged from the faith.”
+
+“To the rack! Lift her on to the little horse. Domitius Afer left his
+bequest to the city in order that we should be amused, not befooled,”
+howled the spectators.
+
+“Executioners, do your duty,” said the magistrate. “But if she cry out,
+let her off. She will sacrifice. Only to the first hole—mind you. If that
+does not succeed, well, then, we shall try sharper means.”
+
+And now the little horse was set up in the midst of the arena, and
+braziers of glowing charcoal were planted beside it; in the fire rested
+crooks and pincers to get red hot.
+
+The “little horse” was a structure of timber. Two planks were set edgeways
+with a wheel between them at each end. The structure stood on four legs,
+two at each extremity, spreading at the base. Halfway down, between these
+legs, at the ends, was a roller, furnished with levers that passed through
+them. A rope was attached to the ankles, another to the wrists of the
+person extended on the back of the “horse,” and this rope was strained
+over the pulleys by means of the windlasses. The levers could be turned to
+any extent, so as, if required, to wrench arms and legs from their
+sockets.
+
+And now ensued a scene that refuses description. “We are made a spectacle
+unto men and angels,” said the apostle, and none could realize how true
+were the words better than those who lived in times of persecution. Before
+that vast concourse the modest Christian maiden was despoiled of her
+raiment and was stretched upon the rack—swung between the planks.
+
+Æmilius felt his head swim and his heart contract. What could he do? Again
+he entreated, but she shook her head, yet turned at his voice and smiled.
+
+Then the executioners threw themselves on the levers, and a hush as of
+death fell on the multitude. Twenty thousand spectators looked on, twice
+that number of eyes were riveted on the frail girl undergoing this agony.
+Bets had been made on her constancy, bandied about, taken, and booked.
+Castor stood up, with face turned to heaven, and extended arms, praying.
+
+The creaking of the windlass was audible; then rang out a sharp cry of
+pain.
+
+Immediately the cords were relaxed and the victim lowered to the ground.
+Blanda threw a mantle over her.
+
+“She will sacrifice,” said Æmilius; “take off the cords.”
+
+The executioners looked to the magistrate. He nodded, and they obeyed. The
+bonds were rapidly removed from her hands and feet.
+
+“Blanda, sustain her!” commanded Æmilius, and he on one side, with his arm
+round the sinking, quivering form, and the slave‐woman on the other,
+supported Perpetua. Her feet dragged and traced a furrow in the sand; they
+were numbed and powerless through the tension of the cords that had been
+knotted about the ankles. Æmilius and Blanda drew her towards the altar.
+
+“I cannot! I will not sacrifice! I am a Christian. I believe in Christ! I
+love Christ!”
+
+“Perpetua,” said Æmilius in agitated tones, “your happiness and mine
+depend on compliance. For all I have done for you, if you will not for
+your own sake—consent to this. Here! I will hold your hand. Nay, it is I
+who will strew the incense, and make it appear as though it were done by
+you. Priest! The shell with the grains.”
+
+“Spare me! I cannot!” gasped the girl, struggling in his arms. “I cannot
+be false to my Christ—for all that He has done for me.”
+
+“You shall. I must constrain you.” He set his teeth, knitted his brow. All
+his muscles were set in desperation. He strove to force her hand to the
+altar.
+
+“Shame on thee!” sobbed she. “Thou art more cruel than the torturer, more
+unjust than the judge.”
+
+It was so. Æmilius felt that she was right. They did but insult and rack a
+frail body, and he did violence to the soul within.
+
+The people hooted and roared, and brandished their arms threateningly. “We
+will not be balked! We are being treated to child’s play.”
+
+“Take her back to the rack. Apply the fire,” ordered the Quatuorvir.
+
+The executioners reclaimed her. She offered no resistance. Æmilius
+staggered to the _podium_ and grasped the marble top with one hand.
+
+She was again suspended on the little horse. Again the windlass creaked.
+The crowd listened, held its breath, men looked in each other’s eyes, then
+back to the scene of suffering. Not a sound; not a cry; no, not even a
+sigh. She bore all.
+
+“Try fire!” ordered the magistrate.
+
+Æmilius had covered his face. He trembled. He would have shut his ears as
+he did his eyes, could he have done so. Verily, the agony of his soul was
+as great as the torture of her body. But there was naught to be heard—an
+ominous stillness, only the groaning of the windlass, and now and then a
+word from one executioner to his fellow.
+
+At every creak of the wheel a quiver went through the frame of Æmilius. He
+listened with anguish of mind for a cry. The populace held its breath; it
+waited. There was none. Into her face he dared not look. But the twenty
+thousand spectators stared—and saw naught save lips moving in prayer.
+
+And now a mighty wonder occurred.
+
+The dense cloud that filled the heavens began softly, soundlessly, to
+discharge its burden. First came, scarce noticed, sailing down, a few
+large white flakes like fleeces of wool. Then they came fast, faster, ever
+faster. And now it was as though a white bridal veil had been let down out
+of heaven to hide from the eyes of the ravening multitude the spectacle of
+the agony of Christ’s martyr. None could see across the arena; soon none
+could see obscurely into it. The snowflakes fell thick and dense, they
+massed as a white cornice on the parapet, they dropped on every head, they
+whitened the bloodstained, trampled sand. And all fled before the snow.
+First went a few in twos or threes; then whole rows stood up, and through
+the vomitories the multitude poured—freedmen, slaves, knights, ladies,
+_flamines_, magistrates; none could stand against the descending snow.
+
+“Cast her down!” This was the last command issued by Petronius as he rose
+from his seat. The executioners were glad to escape. They relaxed the
+ropes, and threw their victim on the already white ground.
+
+Still thick and fast fell the fleeces. Blanda had cast a mantle of wool
+over the prostrate girl, but out of heaven descended a pall, whiter than
+fuller on earth can bleach, and buried the woolen cloak and the extended
+quivering limbs. Beside her, in the snow, knelt Æmilius. He held her hand
+in one of his. She looked him in the face and smiled. Then she said: “Give
+to Blanda her liberty.”
+
+He could not speak. He signed that it should be so.
+
+Then she said: “I have prayed for thee—on the rack, in the fire—that the
+light may shine into thy heart.”
+
+She closed her eyes.
+
+Still he held her hand, and with the other gently brushed away the
+snowflakes as they fell on her pure face. Oh wondrous face! Face above the
+dream of the highest Greek artist!
+
+Thus passed an hour—thus a second.
+
+Then suddenly the clouds parted, and the sun poured down a flood of glory
+over the dazzling white oval field, in the midst of which lay a heap of
+whiteness, and on a face as of alabaster, inanimate, and on a kneeling,
+weeping man, still with reverent finger sweeping away the last snowflakes
+from eyelash, cheek and hair, and who felt as if he could thus look, and
+kneel, and weep for ever.(12)
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXIV
+
+                                  CREDO
+
+
+Many days had passed. All was calm in Nemausus. The games were over.
+
+The day succeeding that we have described was warm and spring‐like. The
+sun shone brilliantly. Every trace of the snow had disappeared, and the
+water‐fight in the amphitheater had surpassed the expectations of the
+people. They had enjoyed themselves heartily.
+
+All had returned to its old order. The wool merchant took fresh commands,
+and sent his travelers into the Cebennæ to secure the winter fleeces. The
+woman who had the flower‐shop sold garlands as fast as she could weave
+them. The potter spread out a fresh collection of his wares and did a good
+business with them.
+
+The disturbances that had taken place were no more spoken about. The
+deaths of Marcianus, Baudillas and Perpetua hardly occupied any thoughts,
+save only those of their relatives and the Christians.
+
+The general public had seen a show, and the show over, they had other
+concerns to occupy them.
+
+Now both Pedo and Blanda were free, and the long tarrying was over. They
+had loved when young, they came together in the autumn of their lives.
+
+In the heart of the Church of Nemausus there was not forgetfulness of its
+heroes.
+
+
+
+If the visitor at the present day to Nîmes will look about him, he will
+find two churches, both recently rebuilt, in place of, and on the site of,
+very ancient places of worship, and the one bears the name of St.
+Baudille. If he inquire of the sacristan, “Mais qui, donc, était‐il, ce
+saint?” then the answer given him will be: “Baudillas was a native of
+Nîmes, a deacon, and a martyr.”
+
+If he ask further, “But when?” Then the sacristan will probably reply with
+a shrug: “Mais, monsieur; qui sait?”
+
+In another part of the town is a second church, glowing internally with
+color from its richly painted windows, and this bears the name of Ste.
+Perpetue.
+
+Does the visitor desire to be told whether it has been erected in honor
+and in commemoration of the celebrated African martyrs Felicitas and
+Perpetua, or of some local virgin saint who shed her blood for Christ,
+then let him again inquire of the sacristan.
+
+What his answer will be I cannot say.
+
+
+
+The Bishop Castor remained much in his house. He grieved that he had not
+been called to witness to the faith that was in him. But he was a humble
+man, and he said to himself: “Such was the will of God, and that sufficeth
+me.”
+
+One evening he was informed that a man, who would not give his name,
+desired to speak with him.
+
+He ordered that he should be introduced.
+
+When the visitor entered, Castor recognized Æmilius, but the man was
+changed. Lines of thought and of sorrow marked his face, that bore other
+impress as well of the travail of his soul within him. He seemed older,
+his face more refined than before, there was less of carnal beauty, and
+something spiritual that shone out of his eyes.
+
+The bishop warmly welcomed him.
+
+Then said Æmilius in a low tone, “I am come to thee for instruction. I
+know but little, yet what I know of Christ I believe. He is not dead, He
+liveth; He is a power; mighty is faith, and mighty is the love that He
+inspires. _Credo._”
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                                FOOTNOTES
+
+
+    1 So represented in paintings in the Catacombs. There were two
+      distinct types: the table in the Church and the tomb at the
+      Sepulcher of the Martyr.
+
+    2 St. Clement of Alexandria complained of the dainties provided for
+      the Agape: “The sauces, cakes, sugar‐plums, the drink, the
+      delicacies, the games, the sweetmeats, the honey.” The hour of
+      supper with the Romans was about 2 P.M.; that, therefore, was the
+      time for the love‐feast to begin.
+
+    3 In the recently‐exhumed house of Saints John and Paul, in the Cœlian
+      Hill at Rome, such bottles were discovered in the cellar.
+
+    4 Now Ambroix.
+
+    5 Certain Christians bought substitutes to sacrifice in their room and
+      receive a ticket (_libellus_) certifying that they had sacrificed.
+      The Church was a little perplexed how to deal with these timorous
+      members, who were termed _libellatics_.
+
+    6 I employ the term Duumvir for convenience. As already stated, there
+      were four chief magistrates, but two only had criminal jurisdiction.
+
+    7 “Erat et robur, locus in carcere, quo præcipitabatur maleficorum
+      genus, quod ante arcis robustis includebatur.”—LIV. 38, 39.
+
+    8 The prayer is given in the “Apostolic Constitutions,” viii. 37.
+
+    9 The casting into the lowest pit of the _robur_—sometimes termed the
+      _barathrum_—was not a rare act of barbarity. Jugurtha perished in
+      that of the Tullianum in Rome. “By Hercules!” said he as he was
+      being lowered into it, “your bath is cold!” S. Ferreolus, of Vienne,
+      was plunged into this horrible place in A.D. 304. He was young, and
+      by diving or by working at the grating he managed to escape much in
+      the manner described above. Thus through the sewer he reached the
+      Rhône, and swam across it. He was, however, recaptured and taken
+      back to Vienne, where he was decapitated. He is commemorated in the
+      diocese of Vienne on September 18th, and is mentioned by Sidonius
+      Apollinaris in the fifth century, and by Venantius Fortunatus in the
+      sixth. S. Gregory, the illuminator, was cast into the _barathrum_ by
+      Tiridates. Theodoret describes martyrs devoured by rats and mice in
+      Persia (“Hist. Eccl.,” v. 39).
+
+   10 This sign is now in the museum.
+
+   11 Fairies, adored at Nemausus.
+
+   12 The incident of the fall of snow occurring at the martyrdom of a
+      virgin saint is no picture of the author’s imagination. It occurred
+      at the passion of S. Eulalia of Merida, in A.D. 303, and is
+      commemorated in the hymn on her by Prudentius.
+
+
+
+
+
+                            TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
+
+
+Variations in hyphenation or spelling have not been changed.
+
+Changes, which have been made to the text:
+
+      page 55, “Nemauscan” changed to “Nemausean”
+      page 117, “alloted” changed to “allotted”
+      page 119, “exisiting” changed to “existing”
+      page 125, comma removed after “Baudillas”
+      page 278, “adsence” changed to “absence”
+      page 280, quote mark added before “Executioners”
+
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+
+
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+***FINIS***
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 by
+Sabine Baring-Gould
+
+
+
+This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+http://www.gutenberg.org/license. If you are not located in the United
+States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you are located
+before using this ebook.
+
+
+
+Title: Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213
+
+Author: Sabine Baring-Gould
+
+Release Date: December 31, 2014 [Ebook #47832]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO 8859-1
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+
+
+
+
+
+                                PERPETUA
+
+                      A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213
+
+
+                                 BY THE
+                        REV. S. BARING-GOULD, M.A.
+
+
+
+
+NEW YORK
+E. P. DUTTON & COMPANY
+31 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET
+1897
+
+
+
+
+
+                           COPYRIGHT, 1897, BY
+                          E. P. DUTTON & COMPANY
+
+
+
+
+
+                                 CONTENTS
+
+
+CHAPTER                                          PAGE
+     I.   EST                                       1
+    II.   �MILIUS                                  14
+   III.   BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON                    22
+    IV.   THE UTRICULARES                          33
+     V.   THE LAGOONS                              45
+    VI.   THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE                    57
+   VII.   OBLATIONS                                68
+  VIII.   THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT                    81
+    IX.   STARS IN WATER                           93
+     X.   LOCUTUS EST!                            105
+    XI.   PALANQUINS                              117
+   XII.   REUS                                    128
+  XIII.   AD FINES                                140
+   XIV.   TO THE LOWEST DEPTH                     152
+    XV.   "REVEALED UNTO BABES"                   165
+   XVI.   DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES                 177
+  XVII.   PEDO                                    189
+ XVIII.   IN THE CITRON-HOUSE                     204
+   XIX.   MARCIANUS                               218
+    XX.   IN THE BASILICA                         230
+   XXI.   A MANUMISSION                           242
+  XXII.   THE ARENA                               256
+ XXIII.   THE CLOUD-BREAK                         270
+  XXIV.   CREDO                                   287
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                                 PERPETUA
+
+                       A TALE OF N�MES IN A.D. 213
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER I
+
+                                   EST
+
+
+The Kalends (first) of March.
+
+A brilliant day in the town of Nemausus--the modern N�mes--in the Province
+of Gallia Narbonensis, that arrogated to itself the title of being _the_
+province, a title that has continued in use to the present day, as
+distinguishing the olive-growing, rose-producing, ruin-strewn portion of
+Southern France, whose fringe is kissed by the blue Mediterranean.
+
+Not a cloud in the nemophyla-blue sky. The sun streamed down, with a heat
+that was unabsorbed, and with rays unshorn by any intervenient vapor, as
+in our northern clime. Yet a cool air from the distant snowy Alps touched,
+as with the kiss of a vestal, every heated brow, and refreshed it.
+
+The Alps, though invisible from Nemausus, make themselves felt, now in
+refreshing breezes, then as raging icy blasts.
+
+The anemones were in bloom, and the roses were budding. Tulips spangled
+the vineyards, and under the olives and in the most arid soil, there
+appeared the grape hyacinth and the star of Bethlehem.
+
+At the back of the white city stands a rock, the extreme limit of a spur
+of the Cebenn�, forming an amphitheatre, the stones scrambled over by blue
+and white periwinkle, and the crags heavy with syringa and flowering
+thorns.
+
+In the midst of this circus of rock welled up a river of transparent
+bottle-green water, that filled a reservoir, in which circled white swans.
+
+On account of the incessant agitation of the water, that rose in bells,
+and broke in rhythmic waves against the containing breastwork, neither
+were the swans mirrored in the surface, nor did the white temple of
+Nemausus reflect its peristyle of channeled pillars in the green flood.
+
+This temple occupied one side of the basin; on the other, a little
+removed, were the baths, named after Augustus, to which some of the water
+was conducted, after it had passed beyond the precinct within which it was
+regarded as sacred.
+
+It would be hard to find a more beautiful scene, or see such a gay
+gathering as that assembled near the Holy Fountain on this first day of
+March.
+
+Hardly less white than the swans that dreamily swam in spirals, was the
+balustrade of limestone that surrounded the sheet of heaving water. At
+intervals on this breasting stood pedestals, each supporting a statue in
+Carrara marble. Here was Diana in buskins, holding a bow in her hand, in
+the attitude of running, her right hand turned to draw an arrow from the
+quiver at her back. There was the Gallic god Camulus, in harness, holding
+up a six-rayed wheel, all gilt, to signify the sun. There was a nymph
+pouring water from her urn; again appeared Diana contemplating her
+favorite flower, the white poppy.
+
+But in the place of honor, in the midst of the public walk before the
+fountain, surrounded by acacias and pink-blossomed Judas trees, stood the
+god Nemausus, who was at once the presiding deity over the fountain, and
+the reputed founder of the city. He was represented as a youth, of
+graceful form, almost feminine, and though he bore some military insignia,
+yet seemed too girl-like and timid to appear in war.
+
+The fountain had, in very truth, created the city. This marvelous upheaval
+of a limpid river out of the heart of the earth had early attracted
+settlers to it, who had built their rude cabins beside the stream and who
+paid to the fountain divine honors. Around it they set up a circle of rude
+stones, and called the place _Nemet_--that is to say, the Sacred Place.
+After a while came Greek settlers, and they introduced a new civilization
+and new ideas. They at once erected an image of the deity of the fountain,
+and called this deity Nemausios. The spring had been female to the Gaulish
+occupants of the settlement; it now became male, but in its aspect the
+deity still bore indications of feminine origin. Lastly the place became a
+Roman town. Now beautiful statuary had taken the place of the monoliths of
+unhewn stone that had at one time bounded the sacred spring.
+
+On this first day of March the inhabitants of Nemausus were congregated
+near the fountain, all in holiday costume.
+
+Among them ran and laughed numerous young girls, all with wreaths of white
+hyacinths or of narcissus on their heads, and their clear musical voices
+rang as bells in the fresh air.
+
+Yet, jocund as the scene was, to such as looked closer there was
+observable an under-current of alarm that found expression in the faces of
+the elder men and women of the throng, at least in those of such persons
+as had their daughters flower-crowned.
+
+Many a parent held the child with convulsive clasp, and the eyes of
+fathers and mothers alike followed their darlings with a greed, as though
+desirous of not losing one glimpse, not missing one word, of the little
+creature on whom so many kisses were bestowed, and in whom so much love
+was centered.
+
+For this day was specially dedicated to the founder and patron of the
+town, who supplied it with water from his unfailing urn, and once in every
+seven years on this day a human victim was offered in sacrifice to the god
+Nemausus, to ensure the continuance of his favor, by a constant efflux of
+water, pure, cool and salubrious.
+
+The victim was chosen from among the daughters of the old Gaulish families
+of the town, and the victim was selected from among girls between the ages
+of seven and seventeen. Seven times seven were bound to appear on this day
+before the sacred spring, clothed in white and crowned with spring
+flowers. None knew which would be chosen and which rejected. The selection
+was not made by either the priests or the priestesses attached to the
+temple. Nor was it made by the magistrates of Nemausus. No parent might
+redeem his child. Chance or destiny alone determined who was to be chosen
+out of the forty-nine who appeared before the god.
+
+Suddenly from the temple sounded a blast of horns, and immediately the
+peristyle (colonnade) filled with priests and priestesses in white, the
+former with wreaths of silvered olive leaves around their heads, the
+latter crowned with oak leaves of gold foil.
+
+The trumpeters descended the steps. The crowd fell back, and a procession
+advanced. First came players on the double flute, or syrinx, with red
+bands round their hair. Then followed dancing girls performing graceful
+movements about the silver image of the god that was borne on the
+shoulders of four maidens covered with spangled veils of the finest
+oriental texture. On both sides paced priests with brazen trumpets.
+
+Before and behind the image were boys bearing censers that diffused
+aromatic smoke, which rose and spread in all directions, wafted by the
+soft air that spun above the cold waters of the fountain.
+
+Behind the image and the dancing girls marched the priests and
+priestesses, singing alternately a hymn to the god.
+
+  "Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,
+  Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+  Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Hail, thou Archegos, founder of the city,
+  Crowned with oak leaves, cherishing the olive,
+  Grapes with thy water annually flushing,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Thou to the thirsty givest cool refreshment,
+  Thou to the herdsman yieldeth yearly increase,
+  Thou from the harvest wardest off diseases,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Seven are the hills on which old Rome is founded,
+  Seven are the hills engirdling thy fountain,
+  Seven are the planets set in heaven ruling,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Thou, the perennial, lovest tender virgins,
+  Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+  May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus."
+
+Then the priests and priestesses drew up in lines between the people and
+the fountain, and the �dile of the city, standing forth, read out from a
+roll the names of seven times seven maidens; and as each name was called,
+a white-robed, flower-crowned child fluttered from among the crowd and was
+received by the priestly band.
+
+When all forty-nine were gathered together, then they were formed into a
+ring, holding hands, and round this ring passed the bearers of the silver
+image.
+
+Now again rose the hymn:
+
+  "Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,
+  Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+  Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+            Father Nemausus."
+
+And as the bearers carried the image round the circle, suddenly a golden
+apple held by the god, fell and touched a graceful girl who stood in the
+ring.
+
+"Come forth, Lucilla," said the chief priestess. "It is the will of the
+god that thou speak the words. Begin."
+
+Then the damsel loosed her hands from those she held, stepped into the
+midst of the circle and raised the golden pippin. At once the entire ring
+of children began to revolve, like a dance of white butterflies in early
+spring; and as they swung from right to left, the girl began to recite at
+a rapid pace a jingle of words in a Gallic dialect, that ran thus:
+
+      "One and two
+      Drops of dew,
+      Three and four
+      Shut the door."
+
+As she spoke she indicated a child at each numeral,
+
+      "Five and six
+      Pick up sticks,
+      Seven and eight
+      Thou must wait."
+
+Now there passed a thrill through the crowd, and the children whirled
+quicker.
+
+      "Nine and ten
+      Pass again.
+  Golden pippin, lo! I cast,
+  Thou, Alcmene, touched at last."
+
+At the word "last" she threw the apple and struck a girl, and at once left
+the ring, cast her coronet of narcissus into the fountain and ran into the
+crowd. With a gasp of relief she was caught in the arms of her mother, who
+held her to her heart, and sobbed with joy that her child was spared. For
+her, the risk was past, as she would be over age when the next septennial
+sacrifice came round.
+
+Now it was the turn of Alcmene.
+
+She held the ball, paused a moment, looking about her, and then, as the
+troop of children revolved, she rattled the rhyme, and threw the pippin at
+a damsel named Tertiola. Whereupon she in turn cast her garland, that was
+of white violets, into the fountain, and withdrew.
+
+Again the wreath of children circled and Tertiola repeated the jingle till
+she came to "Touched at last," when a girl named �lia was selected, and
+came into the middle. This was a child of seven, who was shy and clung to
+her mother. The mother fondled her, and said, "My �lia! Rejoice that thou
+art not the fated victim. The god has surrendered thee to me. Be speedy
+with the verse, and I will give thee _crustul�_ that are in my basket."
+
+So encouraged, the frightened child rattled out some lines, then halted;
+her memory had failed, and she had to be reminded of the rest. At last she
+also was free, ran to her mother's bosom and was comforted with cakes.
+
+A young man with folded arms stood lounging near the great basin. He
+occasionally addressed a shorter man, a client apparently, from his
+cringing manner and the set smile he wore when addressing or addressed by
+the other.
+
+"By Hercules!" said the first. "Or let me rather swear by Venus and her
+wayward son, the Bow-bearer, that is a handsome girl yonder, she who is
+the tallest, and methinks the eldest of all. What is her name, my
+Callipodius?"
+
+"She that looks so scared, O supremity of excellent youths, �milius
+Lentulus Varo! I believe that she is the daughter and only child of the
+widow Quincta, who lost her husband two years ago, and has refused
+marriage since. They whisper strange things concerning her."
+
+"What things, thou tittle-tattle bearer?"
+
+"Nay, I bear but what is desired of me. Didst thou not inquire of me who
+the maiden was? I have a mind to make no answer. But who can deny anything
+to thee?"
+
+"By the genius of Augustus," exclaimed the patron, "thou makest me turn
+away my head at thy unctuous flattery. The peasants do all their cooking
+in oil, and when their meals be set on the table the appetite is taken
+away, there is too much oil. It is so with thy conversation. Come, thy
+news."
+
+"I speak but what I feel. But see how the circle is shrunk. As to the
+scandal thou wouldst hear, it is this. The report goes that the widow and
+her daughter are infected with a foreign superstition, and worship an
+ass's head."
+
+"An ass's head hast thou to hold and repeat such lies. Look at the virgin.
+Didst ever see one more modest, one who more bears the stamp of sound
+reason and of virtue on her brow. The next thou wilt say is----"
+
+"That these Christians devour young children."
+
+"This is slander, not scandal. By Jupiter Camulus! the circle is reduced
+to four, and she, that fair maid, is still in it. There is Quinctilla, the
+daughter of Largus; look at him, how he eyes her with agony in his face!
+There is Vestilia Patercola. I would to the gods that the fair--what is her
+name?"
+
+"Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Har----"
+
+"Ah!" interrupted the patron, uneasily. "Quinctilla is out."
+
+"Her father, Aulus Harpinius----"
+
+"See, see!" again burst in the youth �milius, "there are but two left;
+that little brown girl, and she whom thou namest----"
+
+"Perpetua."
+
+Now arrived the supreme moment--that of the final selection. The choosing
+girl, in whose hand was the apple, stood before those who alone remained.
+She began:
+
+      "One, two
+      Drops of dew."
+
+Although there was so vast a concourse present, not a sound could be
+heard, save the voice of the girl repeating the jingle, and the rush of
+the holy water over the weir. Every breath was held.
+
+      "Nine and ten,
+      Pass again.
+  Golden pippin, now I cast,
+  Thou, Portumna, touched at last."
+
+At once the brown girl skipped to the basin, cast in her garland, and the
+high priestess, raising her hand, stepped forward, pointed to Perpetua,
+and cried, "Est."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER II
+
+                                 �MILIUS
+
+
+When the lot had fallen, then a cry rang from among the spectators, and a
+woman, wearing the white cloak of widowhood, would have fallen, had she
+not been caught and sustained by a man in a brown tunic and _lacerna_
+(short cloak).
+
+"Be not overcome, lady," said this man in a low tone. "What thou losest is
+lent to the Lord."
+
+"Baudillas," sobbed the woman, "she is my only child, and is to be
+sacrificed to devils."
+
+"The devil hath no part in her. She is the Lord's, and the Lord will
+preserve His own."
+
+"Will He give her back to me? Will He deliver her from the hands of His
+enemies?"
+
+"The Lord is mighty even to do this. But I say not that it will be done as
+thou desirest. Put thy trust in Him. Did Abraham withhold his son, his
+only son, when God demanded him?"
+
+"But this is not God, it is Nemausus."
+
+"Nemausus is naught but a creature, a fountain, fed by God's rains. It is
+the Lord's doing that the lot has fallen thus. It is done to try thy
+faith, as of old the faith of Abraham was tried."
+
+The poor mother clasped her arms, and buried her head in them.
+
+Then the girl thrust aside such as interposed and essayed to reach her
+mother. The priestesses laid hands on her, to stay her, but she said:
+
+"Suffer me to kiss my mother, and to comfort her. Do not doubt that I will
+preserve a smiling countenance."
+
+"I cannot permit it," said the high priestess. "There will be resistance
+and tears."
+
+"And therefore," said the girl, "you put drops of oil or water into the
+ears of oxen brought to the altars, that they may nod their heads, and so
+seem to express consent. Let me console my mother, so shall I be able to
+go gladly to death. Otherwise I may weep, and thereby mar thy sacrifice."
+
+Then, with firmness, she thrust through the belt of priestesses, and
+clasped the almost fainting and despairing mother to her heart.
+
+"Be of good courage," she said. "Be like unto Felicitas, who sent her
+sons, one by one, to receive the crown, and who--blessed mother that she
+was--encouraged them in their torments to play the man for Christ."
+
+"But thou art my only child."
+
+"And she offered them all to God."
+
+"I am a widow, and alone."
+
+"And such was she."
+
+Then said the brown-habited man whom the lady had called Baudillas:
+
+"Quincta, remember that she is taken from an evil world, in which are
+snares, and that God may have chosen to deliver her by this means from
+some great peril to her soul, against which thou wouldst have been
+powerless to protect her."
+
+"I cannot bear it," gasped the heart-broken woman. "I have lived only for
+her. She is my all."
+
+Then Perpetua gently unclasped the arms of her mother, who was lapsing
+into unconsciousness, kissed her, and said:
+
+"The God of all strength and comfort be to thee a strong tower of
+defence." And hastily returned to the basin.
+
+The young man who before had noticed Perpetua, turned with quivering lip
+to his companion, and said:
+
+"I would forswear Nemausus--that he should exact such a price. Look at her
+face, Callipodius. Is it the sun that lightens it? By Hercules, I could
+swear that it streamed with effulgence from within--as though she were one
+of the gods."
+
+"The more beautiful and innocent she be, the more grateful is she to the
+august Archegos!"
+
+"Pshaw!" scoffed the young man; his hand clutched the marble balustrade
+convulsively, and the blood suffused his brow and cheeks and throat. "I
+believe naught concerning these deities. My father was a shrewd man, and
+he ever said that the ignorant people created their own gods out of
+heroes, or the things of Nature, which they understood not, being beasts."
+
+"But tell me, �milius--and thou art a profundity of wisdom, unsounded as is
+this spring--what is this Nemausus?"
+
+"The fountain."
+
+"And how comes the fountain to ever heave with water, and never to fail.
+Verily it lives. See--it is as a thing that hath life and movement. If not
+a deity, then what is it?"
+
+"Nay--I cannot say. But it is subject to destiny."
+
+"In what way?"
+
+"Ruled to flow."
+
+"But who imposed the rule?"
+
+"Silence! I can think of naught save the innocent virgin thus sacrificed
+to besotted ignorance."
+
+"Thou canst not prevent it. Therefore look on, as at a show."
+
+"I cannot prevent it. I marvel at the magistrates--that they endure it.
+They would not do so were it to touch at all those of the upper town.
+Besides, did not the god Claudius----"
+
+"They are binding her."
+
+"She refuses to be bound."
+
+Shrieks now rang from the frantic mother, and she made desperate efforts
+to reach her daughter. She was deaf to the consolations of Baudillas, and
+to the remonstrances and entreaties of the people around her, who pitied
+and yet could not help her. Then said the �dile to his police, "Remove the
+woman!"
+
+The chief priest made a sign, and at once the trumpeters began to bray
+through their brazen tubes, making such a noise as to drown the cries of
+the mother.
+
+"I would to the gods I could save her," said �milius between his teeth. He
+clenched his hands, and his eyes flashed. Then, without well knowing what
+he did, he unloosed his toga, at the same time that the priestesses
+divested Perpetua of her girded stole, and revealed her graceful young
+form in the tunic bordered with purple indicative of the nobility of the
+house to which she belonged.
+
+The priest had bound her hands; but Perpetua smiled, and shook off the
+bonds at her feet. "Let be," she said, "I shall not resist."
+
+On her head she still wore a crown of white narcissus. Not more fresh and
+pure were these flowers than her delicate face, which the blood had left.
+Ever and anon she turned her eyes in the direction of her mother, but she
+could no longer see her, as the attendants formed a ring so compact that
+none could break through.
+
+"Elect of the god, bride of Nemausus!" said the chief priestess, "ascend
+the balustrade of the holy perennial fountain."
+
+Without shrinking, the girl obeyed.
+
+She fixed her eyes steadily on the sky, and then made the sacred sign on
+her brow.
+
+"What doest thou?" asked the priestess. "Some witchcraft I trow."
+
+"No witchcraft, indeed," answered the girl. "I do but invoke the Father of
+Lights with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning."
+
+"Ah, Apollo!--he is not so great a god as our Nemausus."
+
+Then at a sign, the trumpeters blew a furious bellow and as suddenly
+ceased. Whereupon to the strains of flutes and the tinkling of triangles,
+the choir broke forth into the last verse of the hymn:
+
+  "Thou, the perennial, loving tender virgins,
+  Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+  May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus."
+
+As they chanted, and a cloud of incense mounted around her, Perpetua
+looked down into the water. It was green as glacier ice, and so full of
+bubbles in places as to be there semi-opaque. The depth seemed infinite.
+No bottom was visible. No fish darted through it. An immense volume boiled
+up unceasingly from unknown, unfathomed depths. The wavelets lapped the
+marble breasting as though licking it with greed expecting their victim.
+
+The water, after brimming the basin, flowed away over a sluice under a
+bridge as a considerable stream. Then it lost its sanctity and was
+employed for profane uses.
+
+Perpetua heard the song of the ministers of the god, but gave no heed to
+it, for her lips moved in prayer, and her soul was already unfurling its
+pure wings to soar into that Presence before which, as she surely
+expected, she was about to appear.
+
+When the chorus had reached the line:
+
+  "May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus!"
+
+then she was thrust by three priestesses from the balustrade and
+precipitated into the basin. She uttered no cry, but from all present a
+gasp of breath was audible.
+
+For a moment she disappeared in the vitreous waters, and her white garland
+alone remained floating on the surface.
+
+Then her dress glimmered, next her arm, as the surging spring threw her
+up.
+
+Suddenly from the entire concourse rose a cry of astonishment and dismay.
+
+The young man, �milius Lentulus Varo, had leaped into the holy basin.
+
+Why had he so leaped? Why?
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER III
+
+                          BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON
+
+
+The chain of priests and priestesses could not restrain the mob, that
+thrust forward to the great basin, to see the result.
+
+Exclamations of every description rose from the throng.
+
+"He fell in!"
+
+"Nay, he cast himself in. The god will withdraw the holy waters. It was
+impious. The fountain is polluted."
+
+"Was it not defiled when a dead tom-cat was found in it? Yet the fountain
+ceased not to flow."
+
+"The maiden floats!"
+
+"Why should the god pick out the handsomest girl? His blood is ice-cold.
+She is not a morsel for him," scoffed a red-faced senator.
+
+"He rises! He is swimming."
+
+"He has grappled the damsel."
+
+"He is striking out! Bene! Bene!"
+
+"Encourage not the sacrilegious one! Thou makest thyself partaker in his
+impiety!"
+
+"What will the magistrates do?"
+
+"Do! Coil up like wood-lice, and uncurl only when all is forgotten."
+
+"He is a Christian."
+
+"His father was a philosopher. He swears by the gods."
+
+"He is an atheist."
+
+"See! See! He is sustaining her head."
+
+"She is not dead; she gasps."
+
+"Body of Bacchus! how the water boils. The god is wroth."
+
+"Bah! It boils no more now than it did yesterday."
+
+In the ice-green water could be seen the young man with nervous arms
+striking out. He held up the girl with one arm. The swell of the rising
+volumes of water greatly facilitated his efforts. Indeed the upsurging
+flood had such force, that to die by drowning in it was a death by inches,
+for as often as a body went beneath the surface, it was again propelled
+upwards.
+
+In a minute he was at the breastwork, had one hand on it, then called:
+"Help, some one, to lift her out!"
+
+Thereupon the man clothed in brown wool put down his arms, clasped the
+half-conscious girl and raised her from the water. Callipodius assisted,
+and between them she was lifted out of the basin. The priests and
+priestesses remonstrated with loud cries. But some of the spectators
+cheered. A considerable portion of the men ranged themselves beside the
+two who had the girl in their arms, and prevented the ministers of
+Nemausus from recovering Perpetua from the hands of her rescuers.
+
+The men of the upper town--Greek colonists, or their descendants--looked
+superciliously and incredulously on the cult of the Gallic deity of the
+fountain. It was tolerated, but laughed at, as something that belonged to
+a class of citizens that was below them in standing.
+
+In another moment �milius Lentulus had thrown himself upon the balustrade,
+and stood facing the crowd, dripping from every limb, but with a laughing
+countenance.
+
+Seeing that the mob was swayed by differing currents of feeling and
+opinion, knowing the people with whom he had to do, he stooped, whispered
+something into the ear of Callipodius; then, folding his arms, he looked
+smilingly around at the tossing crowd, and no sooner did he see his
+opportunity than, unclasping his arms, he assumed the attitude of an
+orator, and cried:
+
+"Men and brethren of the good city of Nemausus! I marvel at ye, that ye
+dare to set at naught the laws of imperial and eternal Rome. Are ye not
+aware that the god Claudius issued an edict with special application to
+Gaul, that forever forbade human sacrifices? Has that edict been
+withdrawn? I have myself seen and read it graven in brass on the steps of
+the Capitoline Hill at Rome. So long as that law stands unrepealed ye are
+transgressors."
+
+"The edict has fallen into desuetude, and desuetude abrogates a law!"
+called one man.
+
+"Is it so? How many have suffered under Nero, under Caius, because they
+transgressed laws long forgotten? Let some one inform against the
+priesthood of Nemausus and carry the case to Rome."
+
+A stillness fell on the assembly. The priests looked at one another.
+
+"But see!" continued �milius, "I call you to witness this day. The god
+himself rejects such illegal offerings. Did you not perceive how he
+spurned the virgin from him when ye did impiously cast her into his holy
+urn? Does he not sustain life with his waters, and not destroy it? Had he
+desired the sacrifice then would he have gulped it down, and you would
+have seen the maiden no more. Not so! He rejected her; with his watery
+arms he repelled her. Every crystal wave he cast up was a rejection. I saw
+it, and I leaped in to deliver the god from the mortal flesh that he
+refused. I appeal to you all again. To whom did the silver image cast the
+apple? Was it to the maiden destined to die? Nay, verily, it was to her
+who was to live. The golden pippin was a fruit of life, whereby he
+designated such as he willed to live. Therefore, I say that the god loveth
+life and not death. Friends and citizens of Nemausus, ye have transgressed
+the law, and ye have violated the will of the divine Archegos who founded
+our city and by whose largess of water we live."
+
+Then one in the crowd shouted: "There is a virgin cast yearly from the
+bridge over the Rhodanus at Avenio."
+
+"Aye! and much doth that advantage the bridge and the city. Did not the
+floods last November carry away an arch and inundate an entire quarter of
+the town? Was the divine river forgetful that he had received his
+obligation, or was he ungrateful for the favor? Naught that is godlike can
+be either."
+
+"He demanded another life."
+
+"Nay! He was indignant that the fools of Avenio should continue to treat
+him as though he were a wild beast that had to be glutted, and not as a
+god. All you parents that fear for your children! Some of you have already
+lost your daughters, and have trembled for them; combine, and with one
+voice proclaim that you will no more suffer this. Look to the urn of the
+divine Nemausus. See how evenly the ripples run. Dip your fingers in the
+water and feel how passionless it is. Has he blown forth a blast of
+seething water and steam like the hot springs of Aqu� Sexti�? Has his
+fountain clouded with anger? Was the god powerless to avenge the act when
+I plunged in? If he had desired the death of the maiden would he have
+suffered me, a mortal, to pluck her from his gelid lips? Make room on
+Olympus, O ye gods, and prepare a throne for Common Sense, and let her
+have domain over the minds of men."
+
+"There is no such god," called one in the crowd.
+
+"Ye know her not, so besotted are ye."
+
+"He blasphemes, he mocks the holy and immortal ones."
+
+"It is ye who mock them when ye make of them as great clowns as
+yourselves. The true eternal gods laugh to hear me speak the truth. Look
+at the sun. Look at the water, with its many twinkling smiles. The gods
+approve."
+
+Whilst the young man thus harangued and amused the populace, Baudillas and
+Quincta, assisted by two female slaves of the latter, removed the
+drenched, dripping, and half-drowned girl. They bore her with the utmost
+dispatch out of the crowd down a sidewalk of the city gardens to a bench,
+on which they laid her, till she had sufficiently recovered to open her
+eyes and recognize those who surrounded her.
+
+Then said the widow to one of the servants: "Run, Petronella, and bid the
+steward send porters with a litter. We must convey Perpetua as speedily as
+possible from hence, lest there be a riot, and the ministers of the devil
+stir up the people to insist upon again casting her into the water."
+
+"By your leave, lady," said Baudillas, "I would advise that, at first, she
+should not be conveyed to your house, but to mine. It is probable, should
+that happen which you fear, that the populace may make a rush to your
+dwelling, in their attempt to get hold of the lady, your daughter. It were
+well that she remained for a while concealed in my house. Send for the
+porters to bring the litter later, when falls the night."
+
+"You are right," said Quincta. "It shall be so."
+
+"As in the Acts of the Blessed Apostles it is related that the craftsmen
+who lived by making silver shrines for Diana stirred up the people of
+Ephesus, so may it be now. There are many who get their living by the old
+religion, many whose position and influence depend on its maintenance, and
+such will not lightly allow a slight to be cast on their superstitions
+like as has been offered this day. But by evenfall we shall know the humor
+of the people. Young lady, lean on my arm and let me conduct thee to my
+lodging. Thou canst there abide till it is safe for thee to depart."
+
+Then the brown-habited man took the maiden's arm.
+
+Baudillas was a deacon of the Church in Nemausus--a man somewhat advanced
+in life. His humility, and, perhaps, also his lack of scholarship,
+prevented his aspiring to a higher office; moreover, he was an admirable
+minister of the Church as deacon, at a period when the office was mainly
+one of keeping the registers of the sick and poor, and of distributing
+alms among such as were in need.
+
+The deacon was the treasurer of the Church, and he was a man selected for
+his business habits and practical turn of mind. By his office he was more
+concerned with the material than the spiritual distresses of men.
+Nevertheless, he was of the utmost value to the bishops and presbyters,
+for he was their feeler, groping among the poorest, entering into the
+worst haunts of misery and vice, quick to detect tokens of desire for
+better things, and ready to make use of every opening for giving
+rudimentary instruction.
+
+Those who occupied the higher grades in the Church, even at this early
+period, were, for the most part, selected from the cultured and noble
+classes; not that the Church had respect of persons, but because of the
+need there was of possessing men who could penetrate into the best houses,
+and who, being related to the governing classes, might influence the upper
+strata of society, as well as that which was below. The great houses with
+their families of slaves in the city, and of servile laborers on their
+estates, possessed vast influence for good or evil. A believing master
+could flood a whole population that depended on him with light, and was
+certain to treat his slaves with Christian humanity. On the other hand, it
+occasionally happened that it was through a poor slave that the truth
+reached the heart of a master or mistress.
+
+Baudillas led the girl, now shivering with cold, from the garden, and
+speedily reached a narrow street. Here the houses on each side were lofty,
+unadorned, and had windows only in the upper stories, arched with brick
+and unglazed. In cold weather they were closed with shutters.
+
+The pavement of the street was of cobble-stones and rough. No one was
+visible; no sound issued from the houses, save only from one whence came
+the rattle of a loom; and a dog chained at a door barked furiously as the
+little party went by.
+
+"This is the house," said Baudillas, and he struck against a door.
+
+After some waiting a bar was withdrawn within, and the door, that
+consisted of two valves, was opened by an old, slightly lame slave.
+
+"Pedo," said the deacon, "has all been well?"
+
+"All is well, master," answered the man.
+
+"Enter, ladies," said Baudillas. "My house is humble and out of repair,
+but it was once notable. Enter and rest you awhile. I will bid Pedo search
+for a change of garments for Perpetua."
+
+"Hark," exclaimed Quincta, "I hear a sound like the roar of the sea."
+
+"It is the voice of the people. It is a roar like that for blood, that
+goes up from the amphitheater."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER IV
+
+                             THE UTRICULARES
+
+
+The singular transformation that had taken place in the presiding deity of
+the fountain, from being a nymph into a male god, had not been
+sufficiently complete to alter the worship of the deity. As in the days of
+Druidism, the sacred source was under the charge of priestesses, and
+although, with the change of sex of the deity, priests had been appointed
+to the temple, yet they were few, and occupied a position of subordination
+to the chief priestess. She was a woman of sagacity and knowledge of human
+nature. She perceived immediately how critical was the situation. If
+�milius Lentulus were allowed to proceed with his speech he would draw to
+him the excitable Southern minds, and it was quite possible might provoke
+a tumult in which the temple would be wrecked. At the least, his words
+would serve to chill popular devotion.
+
+The period when Christianity began to radiate through the Roman world was
+one when the traditional paganism with its associated rights, that had
+contented a simpler age, had lost its hold on the thoughtful and cultured.
+Those who were esteemed the leaders of society mocked at religion, and
+although they conformed to its ceremonial, did so with ill-disguised
+contempt. At their tables, before their slaves, they laughed at the sacred
+myths related of the gods, as absurd and indecent, and the slaves thought
+it became them to affect the same incredulity as their masters. Sober
+thinkers endeavored to save some form of religion by explaining away the
+monstrous legends, and attributing them to the wayward imagination of
+poets. The existence of the gods they admitted, but argued that the gods
+were the unintelligent and blind forces of nature; or that, if rational,
+they stood apart in cold exclusiveness and cared naught for mankind. Many
+threw themselves into a position of agnosticism. They professed to believe
+in nothing but what their senses assured them did exist, and asserted that
+as there was no evidence to warrant them in declaring that there were
+gods, they could not believe in them; that moreover, as there was no
+revelation of a moral law, there existed no distinction between right and
+wrong. Therefore, the only workable maxim on which to rule life was: "Let
+us eat and drink, for to-morrow we may die."
+
+Over all men hung the threatening cloud of death. All must undergo the
+waning of the vital powers, the failure of health, the withering of
+beauty, the loss of appetite for the pleasure of life, or if not the loss
+of appetite, at least the faculty for enjoyment.
+
+There was no shaking off the oppressive burden, no escape from the
+gathering shadow. Yet, just as those on the edge of a precipice throw
+themselves over, through giddiness, so did men rush on self-destruction in
+startling numbers and with levity, because weary of life, and these were
+precisely such as had enjoyed wealth to the full and had run through the
+whole gamut of pleasures.
+
+What happened after death? Was there any continuance of existence?
+
+Men craved to know. They felt that life was too brief altogether for the
+satisfaction of the aspirations of their souls. They ran from one pleasure
+to another without filling the void within.
+
+Consequently, having lost faith in the traditional religion--it was not a
+creed--itself a composite out of some Latin, some Etruscan, and some Greek
+myth and cult, they looked elsewhere for what they required. Consciences,
+agonized by remorse, sought expiation in secret mysteries, only to find
+that they afforded no relief at all. Minds craving after faith plunged
+into philosophic speculations that led to nothing but unsolved eternal
+query. Souls hungering, thirsting after God the Ideal of all that is Holy
+and pure and lovable, adopted the strange religions imported from the East
+and South; some became votaries of the Egyptian Isis and Serapis, others
+of the Persian Mithras--all to find that they had pursued bubbles.
+
+In the midst of this general disturbance of old ideas, in the midst of a
+widespread despair, Christianity flashed forth and offered what was
+desired by the earnest, the thoughtful, the down-trodden and the
+conscience-stricken--a revelation made by the Father of Spirits as to what
+is the destiny of man, what is the law of right and wrong, what is in
+store for those who obey the law; how also pardon might be obtained for
+transgression, and grace to restore fallen humanity.
+
+Christianity meeting a wide-felt want spread rapidly, not only among the
+poor and oppressed, but extensively among the cultured and the noble. All
+connected by interest, or prejudiced by association with the dominant and
+established paganism, were uneasy and alarmed. The traditional religion
+was honeycombed and tottering to its fall, and how it was to be revived
+they knew not. That it would be supplanted by the new faith in Christ was
+what they feared.
+
+The chief priestess of Nemausus knew that in the then condition of minds
+an act of overt defiance might lead to a very general apostasy. It was to
+her of sovereign importance to arrest the movement at once, to silence
+�milius, to have him punished for his act of sacrilege, and to recover
+possession of Perpetua.
+
+She snatched the golden apple from the hand of the image, and, giving it
+to an attendant, said: "Run everywhere; touch and summon the Cultores
+Nemausi."
+
+The girl did as commanded. She sped among the crowd, and, with the pippin,
+touched one, then another, calling: "Worshippers of Nemausus, to the aid
+of the god!"
+
+The result was manifest at once. It was as though an electrical shock had
+passed through the multitude. Those touched and those who had heard the
+summons at once disengaged themselves from the crush, drew together, and
+ceased to express their individual opinions. Indeed, such as had
+previously applauded the sentiments of �milius, now assumed an attitude of
+disapprobation.
+
+Rapidly men rallied about the white-robed priestesses, who surrounded the
+silver image.
+
+To understand what was taking place it is necessary that a few words
+should be given in explanation.
+
+The Roman population of the towns--not in Italy only, but in all the
+Romanized provinces, banded itself in colleges or societies very much like
+our benefit clubs. Those guilds were very generally under the invocation
+of some god or goddess, and those who belonged to them were entitled
+"Cultores" or worshippers of such or such a deity. These clubs had their
+secretaries and treasurers, their places of meeting, their common chests,
+their feasts, and their several constitutions. Each society made provision
+for its members in time of sickness, and furnished a dignified funeral in
+the club Columbarium, after which all sat down to a funeral banquet in the
+supper room attached to the cemetery. These colleges or guilds enjoyed
+great privileges, and were protected by the law.
+
+At a time when a political career was closed to all but such as belonged
+to the governing class, the affairs of these clubs engrossed the attention
+of the members and evoked great rivalry and controversies. One admirable
+effect of the clubs was the development of a spirit of fellowship among
+the members, and another was that it tended in a measure to break down
+class exclusiveness. Men of rank and wealth, aware of the power exercised
+by these guilds, eagerly accepted the offices of patron to them, though
+the clubs might be those of cord-wainers, armorers or sailmakers. And
+those who were ordinary members of a guild regarded their patrons with
+affection and loyalty. Now that the signal had been sent round to rally
+the Cultores Nemausi, every member forgot his private feeling, sank his
+individual opinion, and fell into rank with his fellows, united in one
+common object--the maintenance by every available man, and at every
+sacrifice, of the respect due to the god.
+
+These Cultores Nemausi at once formed into organized bodies under their
+several officers, in face of a confused crowd that drifted hither and
+thither without purpose and without cohesion.
+
+�milius found himself no longer hearkened to. To him this was a matter of
+no concern. He had sought to engage attention only so as to withdraw it
+from Perpetua and leave opportunity for her friends to remove her.
+
+Now that this object was attained, he laughingly leaped from the
+balustrade and made as though he was about to return home.
+
+But at once the chief priestess saw his object, and cried: "Seize him! He
+blasphemes the god, founder of the city. He would destroy the college. Let
+him be conveyed into the temple, that the Holy One may there deal with him
+as he wills."
+
+The Prefect of Police, whose duty it was to keep order, now advanced with
+the few men he had deemed necessary to bring with him, and he said in
+peremptory tone:
+
+"We can suffer no violence. If he has transgressed the law, let him be
+impeached."
+
+"Sir," answered the priestess, "we will use no violence. He has insulted
+the majesty of the god. He has snatched from him his destined and devoted
+victim. Yet we meditate no severe reprisals. All I seek is that he may be
+brought into the presence of the god in the adytum, where is a table
+spread with cakes. Let him there sprinkle incense on the fire and eat of
+the cakes. Then he shall go free. If the god be wroth, he will manifest
+his indignation. But if, as I doubt not, he be placable, then shall this
+man depart unmolested."
+
+"Against this I have naught to advance," said the prefect.
+
+But one standing by whispered him: "Those cakes are not to be trusted. I
+have heard of one who ate and fell down in convulsions after eating."
+
+"That is a matter between the god and �milius Varo. I have done my duty."
+
+Then the confraternity of the Cultores Nemausi spread itself so as to
+encircle the place and include �milius, barring every passage. He might,
+doubtless, have escaped had he taken to his heels at the first summons of
+the club to congregate, but he had desired to occupy the attention of the
+people as long as possible, and it did not comport with his self-respect
+to run from danger.
+
+Throwing over him the toga which he had cast aside when he leaped into the
+pond, he thrust one hand into his bosom and leisurely strode through the
+crowd, waving them aside with the other hand, till he stopped by the
+living barrier of the worshippers of Nemausus.
+
+"You cannot pass, sir," said the captain of that party which intercepted
+his exit. "The chief priestess hath ordered that thou appear before the
+god in his cella and then do worship and submit thyself to his will."
+
+"And how is that will to be declared?" asked the young man, jestingly.
+
+"Sir! thou must eat one of the dedicated placenta."
+
+"I have heard of these same cakes and have no stomach for them."
+
+"Nevertheless eat thou must."
+
+"What if I will not?"
+
+"Then constraint will be used. The prefect has given his consent. Who is
+to deliver thee?"
+
+"Who! Here come my deliverers!"
+
+A tramp of feet was audible.
+
+Instantly �milius ran back to the balustrade, leaped upon it, and, waving
+his arm, shouted:
+
+"To my aid, Utriculares! But use no violence."
+
+Instantly with a shout a dense body of men that had rolled into the
+gardens dashed itself against the ring of Cultores Nemausi. They
+brandished marlin spikes and oars to which were attached inflated goat-
+skins and bladders. These they whirled around their heads and with them
+they smote to the left and to the right. The distended skins clashed
+against such as stood in opposition, and sent them reeling backward;
+whereat the lusty men wielding the wind-bags thrust their way as a wedge
+through their ranks. The worshippers of Nemausus swore, screamed,
+remonstrated, but were unable to withstand the onslaught. They were beaten
+back and dispersed by the whirling bladders.
+
+The general mob roared with laughter and cheered the boatmen who formed
+the attacking party. Cries of "Well done, Utriculares! That is a fine
+delivery, Wind-bag-men! Ha, ha! A hundred to five on the Utriculares! You
+are come in the nick of time, afore your patron was made to nibble the
+poisoned cakes."
+
+The men armed with air-distended skins did harm to none. Their weapons
+were calculated to alarm and not to injure. To be banged in the face with
+a bladder was almost as disconcerting as to be smitten with a cudgel, but
+it left no bruise, it broke no bone, and the man sent staggering by a
+wind-bag was received in the arms of those in rear with jibe or laugh and
+elicited no compassion.
+
+The Utriculares speedily reached �milius, gave vent to a cheer; they
+lifted him on their shoulders, and, swinging the inflated skins and
+shouting, marched off, out of the gardens, through the Forum, down the
+main street of the lower town unmolested, under the conduct of
+Callipodius.
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER V
+
+                               THE LAGOONS
+
+
+The men who carried and surrounded �milius proceeded in rapid march,
+chanting a rhythmic song, through the town till they emerged on a sort of
+quay beside a wide-spreading shallow lagoon. Here were moored numerous
+rafts.
+
+"Now, sir," said one of the men, as �milius leaped to the ground, "if you
+will take my advice, you will allow us to convey you at once to Arelate.
+This is hardly a safe place for you at present."
+
+"I must thank you all, my gallant fellows, for your timely aid. But for
+you I should have been forced to eat of the dedicated cakes, and such as
+are out of favor with the god--or, rather, with the priesthood that lives
+by him, as cockroaches and black beetles by the baker--such are liable to
+get stomach aches, which same stomach aches convey into the land where are
+no aches and pains. I thank you all."
+
+"Nay, sir, we did our duty. Are not you patron of the Utriculares?"
+
+"I am your patron assuredly, as you did me the honor to elect me. If I
+have lacked zeal to do you service in time past, henceforward be well
+assured I will devote my best energies to your cause."
+
+"We are beholden to you, sir."
+
+"I to you--the rather."
+
+Perhaps the reader will desire to understand who the wind-bag men were who
+had hurried to the rescue of �milius. For the comprehension of this
+particular, something must be said relative to the physical character of
+the country.
+
+The mighty Rh�ne that receives the melted snows of the southern slope of
+the Bernese Oberland and the northern incline of the opposed Pennine Alps
+receives also the drain of the western side of the Jura, as well as that
+of the Graian and Cottian Alps. The Durance pours in its auxiliary flood
+below Avignon.
+
+After a rapid thaw of snow, or the breaking of charged rain clouds on the
+mountains, these rivers increase in volume, and as the banks of the Rh�ne
+below the junction of the Durance and St. Raphael are low, it overflows
+and spreads through the flat alluvial delta. It would be more exact to say
+that it was wont to overflow, rather than that it does so now. For at
+present, owing to the embankments thrown up and maintained at enormous
+cost, the Rh�ne can only occasionally submerge the low-lying land, whereas
+anciently such floods were periodical and as surely expected as those of
+the Nile.
+
+The overflowing Rh�ne formed a vast region of lagoons that extended from
+Tarascon and Beaucaire to the Gulf of Lyons, and spread laterally over the
+Crau on one side to N�mes on the other. N�mes itself stood on its own
+river, the Vistre, but this fed marshes and "broads" that were connected
+with the tangle of lagoons formed by the Rh�ne.
+
+Arelate, the great emporium of the trade between Gaul and Italy, occupied
+a rocky islet in the midst of water that extended as far as the eye could
+reach. This tract of submerged land was some sixty miles in breadth by
+forty in depth, was sown with islets of more or less elevation and extent.
+Some were bold, rocky eminences, others were mere rubble and sand-banks
+formed by the river. Arelate or Arles was accessible by vessels up and
+down the river or by rafts that plied the lagoons, and by the canal
+constructed by Marius, that traversed them from Fossoe Marino. As the
+canal was not deep, and as the current of the river was strong, ships were
+often unable to ascend to the city through these arteries, and had to
+discharge their merchandise on the coast upon rafts that conveyed it to
+the great town, and when the floods permitted, carried much to Nemausus.
+
+As the sheets of water were in places and at periods shallow, the rafts
+were made buoyant, though heavily laden, by means of inflated skins and
+bladders placed beneath them.
+
+As the conveyance of merchandise engaged a prodigious number of persons,
+the raftsmen had organized themselves into the guild of Utriculares, or
+Wind-bag men, and as they became not infrequently involved in contests
+with those whose interests they crossed, and on whose privileges they
+infringed, they enlisted the aid of lawyers to act as their patrons, to
+bully their enemies, and to fight their battles against assailants. Among
+the numerous classic monumental inscriptions that remain in Provence,
+there are many in which a man of position is proud to have it recorded
+that he was an honorary member of the club of the inflated-skin men.
+
+Nemausus owed much of its prosperity to the fact that it was the trade
+center for wool and for skins. The Cevennes and the great limestone
+plateaux that abut upon them nourished countless herds of goats and flocks
+of sheep, and the dress of everyone at the period being of wool the demand
+for fleeces was great; consequently vast quantities of wool were brought
+from the mountains of N�mes, whence it was floated away on rafts sustained
+by the skins that came from the same quarter.
+
+The archipelago that studded the fresh-water sea was inhabited by
+fishermen, and these engaged in the raft-carriage. The district presented
+a singular contrast of high culture and barbarism. In Arles, N�mes,
+Narbonne there was a Greek element. There was here and there an infusion
+of Phoenician blood. The main body of the people consisted of the dusky
+Ligurians, who had almost entirely lost their language, and had adopted
+that of their Gaulish conquerors, the Volex. These latter were
+distinguished by their fair hair, their clear complexions, their stalwart
+frames. Another element in the composite mass was that of the colonists.
+After the battle of Actium, Augustus had rewarded his Egypto-Greek
+auxiliaries by planting them at Nemausus, and giving them half the estates
+of the Gaulish nobility. To these Greeks were added Roman merchants,
+round-headed, matter-of-fact looking men, destitute of imagination, but
+full of practical sense.
+
+These incongruous elements that in the lapse of centuries have been fused,
+were, at the time of this tale, fairly distinct.
+
+"You are in the right, my friends," said �milius. "The kiln is heated too
+hot for comfort. It would roast me. I will go even to Arelate, if you will
+be good enough to convey me thither."
+
+"With the greatest of pleasure, sir."
+
+�milius had an office at Arles. He was a lawyer, but his headquarters were
+at Nemausus, to which town he belonged by birth. He represented a good
+family, and was descended from one of the colonists under Agrippa and
+Augustus. His father was dead, and though he was not wealthy, he was well
+off, and possessed a villa and estates on the mountain sides, at some
+distance from the town. In the heats of summer he retired to his villa.
+
+On this day of March there had been a considerable gathering of raftsmen
+at Nemausus, who had utilized the swollen waters in the lagoons for the
+conveyance of merchandise.
+
+�milius stepped upon a raft that seemed to be poised on bubbles, so light
+was it on the surface of the water, and the men at once thrust from land
+with their poles.
+
+The bottom was everywhere visible, owing to the whiteness of the limestone
+pebbles and the sand that composed it, and through the water darted
+innumerable fish. The liquid element was clear. Neither the Vistre nor the
+stream from the fountain brought down any mud, and the turbid Rh�ne had
+deposited all its sediment before its waters reached and mingled with
+those that flowed from the Cebenn�. There was no perceptible current. The
+weeds under water were still, and the only thing in motion were the
+darting fish.
+
+The raftmen were small, nimble fellows, with dark hair, dark eyes and
+pleasant faces. They laughed and chatted with each other over the incident
+of the rescue of their patron, but it was in their own dialect,
+unintelligible to �milius, to whom they spoke in broken Latin, in which
+were mingled Greek words.
+
+Now and then they burst simultaneously into a wailing chant, and then
+interrupted their song to laugh and gesticulate and mimic those who had
+been knocked over by their wind-bags.
+
+As �milius did not understand their conversation and their antics did not
+amuse him, he lay on the raft upon a wolfskin that had been spread over
+the timber, looking dreamily into the water and at the white golden
+flowers of the floating weeds through which the raft was impelled. The
+ripples caused by the displacement of the water caught and flashed the sun
+in his eyes like lightning.
+
+His mind reverted to what had taken place, but unlike the raftmen he did
+not consider it from its humorous side. He wondered at himself for the
+active part he had taken. He wondered at himself for having acted without
+premeditation. Why had he interfered to save the life of a girl whom he
+had not known even by name? Why had he been so indiscreet as to involve
+himself in a quarrel with his fellow-citizens in a matter in no way
+concerning him? What had impelled him so rashly to bring down on himself
+the resentment of an influential and powerful body?
+
+The youth of Rome and of the Romanized provinces was at the time of the
+empire very blas�. It enjoyed life early, and wearied rapidly of pleasure.
+It became skeptical as to virtue, and looked on the world of men with
+cynical contempt. It was selfish, sensual, cruel. But in �milius there was
+something nobler than what existed in most; the perception of what was
+good and true was not dead in him; it had slept. And now the face of
+Perpetua looked up at him out of the water. Was it her beauty that had so
+attracted him as to make him for a moment mad and cast his cynicism aside,
+as the butterfly throws away the chrysalis from which it breaks? No,
+beautiful indeed she was, but there was in her face something
+inexpressible, undefinable, even mentally; something conceivable in a
+goddess, an aura from another world, an emanation from Olympus. It was
+nothing that was subject to the rule. It was not due to proportion; it
+could be seized by neither painter nor sculptor. What was it? That puzzled
+him. He had been fascinated, lifted out of his base and selfish self to
+risk his life to do a generous, a noble act. He was incapable of
+explaining to himself what had wrought this sudden change in him.
+
+He thought over all that had taken place. How marvelous had been the
+serenity with which Perpetua had faced death! How ready she was to cast
+away life when life was in its prime and the world with all its pleasures
+was opening before her! He could not understand this. He had seen men die
+in the arena, but never thus. What had given the girl that look, as though
+a light within shone through her features? What was there in her that made
+him feel that to think of her, save with reverence, was to commit a
+sacrilege?
+
+In the heart of �milius there was, though he knew it not, something of
+that same spirit which pervaded the best of men and the deepest thinkers
+in that decaying, corrupt old world. All had acquired a disbelief in
+virtue because they nowhere encountered it, and yet all were animated with
+a passionate longing for it as the ideal, perhaps the unattainable, but
+that which alone could make life really happy.
+
+It was this which disturbed the dainty epicureanism of Horace, which gave
+verjuice to the cynicism of Juvenal, which roused the savage bitterness of
+Perseus. More markedly still, the craving after this better life, on what
+based, he could not conjecture, filled the pastoral mind of Virgil, and
+almost with a prophet's fire, certainly with an aching desire, he sang of
+the coming time when the vestiges of ancient fraud would be swept away and
+the light of a better day, a day of truth and goodness would break on the
+tear- and blood-stained world.
+
+And now this dim groping after what was better than he had seen; this
+inarticulate yearning after something higher than the sordid round of
+pleasure; this innate assurance that to man there is an ideal of spiritual
+loveliness and perfection to which he can attain if shown the way--all this
+now had found expression in the almost involuntary plunge into the
+Nemausean pool. He had seen the ideal, and he had broken with the regnant
+paganism to reach and rescue it.
+
+"What, my �milius! like Narcissus adoring thine incomparable self in the
+water!"
+
+The young lawyer started, and an expression of annoyance swept over his
+face. The voice was that of Callipodius.
+
+"Oh, my good friend," answered �milius, "I was otherwise engaged with my
+thoughts than in thinking of my poor self."
+
+"Poor! with so many hides of land, vineyards and sheep-walks and olive
+groves! Aye, and with a flourishing business, and the possession of a
+matchless country residence at Ad Fines."
+
+"Callipodius," said the patron, "thou art a worthy creature, and lackest
+but one thing to make thee excellent."
+
+"And what is that?"
+
+"Bread made without salt is insipid, and conversation seasoned with
+flattery nauseates. I have heard of a slave who was smeared with honey and
+exposed on a cross to wasps. When thou addressest me I seem to feel as
+though thou wast dabbing honey over me."
+
+"My �milius! But where would you find wasps to sting you?"
+
+"Oh! they are ready and eager--and I am flying them--all the votaries of
+Nemausus thou hast seen this day. As thou lovest me, leave me to myself,
+to rest. I am heavy with sleep, and the sun is hot."
+
+"Ah! dreamer that thou art. I know that thou art thinking of the fair
+Perpetua, that worshiper of an----"
+
+"Cease; I will not hear this." �milius made an angry gesture. Then he
+started up and struck at his brow. "By Hercules! I am a coward, flying,
+flying, when she is in extreme peril. Where is she now? Maybe those
+savages, those fools, are hunting after her to cast her again into the
+basin, or to thrust poisoned cakes into her mouth. By the Sacred Twins! I
+am doing that which is unworthy of me--that for which I could never
+condone. I am leaving the feeble and the helpless, unassisted, unprotected
+in extremity of danger. Thrust back, my good men! Thrust back! I cannot to
+Arelate. I must again to Nemausus!"
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER VI
+
+                          THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE
+
+
+�milius had sprung to his feet and called to the men to cease punting.
+They rested on their poles, awaiting further instructions, and the impetus
+given to the raft carried it among some yellow flags and rushes.
+
+Callipodius said: "I mostly admire the splendor of your intellect, that
+shines forth with solar effulgence. But there are seasons when the sun is
+eclipsed or obscured, and such is this with thee. Surely thou dost not
+contemplate a return to Nemausus to risk thy life without being in any way
+able to assist the damsel. Consider, moreover--is it worth it--for a girl?"
+
+"Callipodius," said the young lawyer in a tone of vehemence, "I cannot fly
+and place myself in security and leave her exposed to the most dreadful
+danger. I did my work by half only. What I did was unpremeditated, but
+that done must be made a complete whole. When I undertake anything it is
+my way to carry it out to a fair issue."
+
+"That is true enough and worthy of your excellent qualities of heart and
+mind. But you know nothing of this wench, and be she all that you imagine,
+what is a woman that for her you should jeopardize your little finger?
+Besides, her mother and kinsfolk will hardly desire your aid, will
+certainly not invoke it."
+
+"Why not?"
+
+Callipodius shrugged his shoulders. "You are a man of the world--a votary
+of pleasure, and these people are Christians. They will do their utmost
+for her. They hang together as a swarm of bees."
+
+"Who and what are these people--this mother and her kinsfolk?"
+
+"I know little about them. They occupy a house in the lower town, and that
+tells its own tale. They do not belong to the quality to which you belong.
+The girl has been reputed beautiful, and many light fellows have sought to
+see and have words with her. But she is so zealously guarded, and is
+herself so retiring and modest that they have encountered only rebuff and
+disappointment."
+
+"I must return. I will know for certain that she is in safety. Methinks no
+sooner were they balked of me than they would direct all their efforts to
+secure her."
+
+"You shall not go back to Nemausus. You would but jeopardize your own
+valuable life without the possibility of assisting her; nay, rather
+wouldst thou direct attention to her. Leave the matter with me and trust
+my devotion to thine interests."
+
+"I must learn tidings of her. I shall not rest till assured that she is
+out of danger. By the infernal gods, Callipodius, I know not what is come
+upon me, but I feel that if ill befall her, I could throw myself on a
+sword and welcome death, life having lost to me all value."
+
+"Then I tell thee this, most resolute of men," said Callipodius, "I will
+return to the town. My nothingness will pass unquestioned. Thou shalt
+tarry at the house of Flavillus yonder on the promontory. He is a timber
+merchant, and the place is clean. The woman bears a good name, and, what
+is better, can cook well. The house is poor and undeserving of the honor
+of receiving so distinguished a person as thyself; but if thou wilt
+condescend----"
+
+"Enough. I will do as thou advisest. And, oh, friend, be speedy, relieve
+my anxiety and be true as thou dost value my esteem."
+
+Then �milius signed to the raftmen to put him ashore at the landing place
+to the timber yard of Flavillus.
+
+Having landed he mounted a slight ascent to a cottage that was surrounded
+by piles of wood--of oak, chestnut, pine and olive. Flavillus was a
+merchant on a small scale, but a man of energy and industry. He dealt with
+the natives of the Cebenn�, and bought the timber they felled, conveyed it
+to his stores, whence it was distributed to the towns in the neighborhood;
+and supplies were furnished to the shipbuilders at Arelate.
+
+The merchant was now away, but his wife received �milius with deference.
+She had heard his name from the raftmen, and was acquainted with
+Callipodius, a word from whom sufficed as an introduction.
+
+She apologized because her house was small, as also because her mother,
+then with her, was at the point of death from old age, not from any fever
+or other disorder. If �milius Lentulus, under the circumstances, would
+pardon imperfection in attendance, she would gladly extend to him such
+hospitality as she could offer. �milius would have gone elsewhere, but
+that the only other house he could think of that was near was a tavern,
+then crowded by Utriculares, who occupied every corner. He was sorry to
+inconvenience the woman, yet accepted her offer. The period was not one in
+which much consideration was shown to those in a lower grade. The citizens
+and nobles held that their inferiors existed for their convenience only.
+�milius shared in the ideas of his time and class, but he had sufficient
+natural delicacy to make him reluctant to intrude where his presence was
+necessarily irksome. Nevertheless, as there was no other place to which he
+could go, he put aside this feeling of hesitation.
+
+The house was small, and was constructed of wood upon a stone basement.
+The partitions between the rooms were of split planks, and the joints were
+in places open, and knots had come out, so that what passed in one
+apartment was audible, and, to some extent, visible in another. A bedroom
+in a Roman house was a mere closet, furnished with a bed only. All washing
+was done at the baths, not in the house. The room had no window, only a
+door over which hung a curtain.
+
+�milius divested himself of his wet garment and gave it to his hostess to
+dry, then wrapped himself in his toga and awaited supper.
+
+The meal was prepared as speedily as might be. It consisted of eggs, eels,
+with melon, and apples of last year. Wine was abundant, and so was oil.
+
+When he had eaten and was refreshed, moved by a kindly thought �milius
+asked if he might see the sick mother. His hostess at once conducted him
+to her apartment, and he stood by the old woman's bed. The evening sun
+shone in at the door, where stood the daughter holding back the curtain,
+and lighted the face of the aged woman. It was thin, white and drawn. The
+eyes were large and lustrous.
+
+"I am an intruder," said the young man, "yet I would not sleep the night
+in this house without paying my respects to the mother of my kind hostess.
+Alas! thou art one I learn who is unable to escape that which befalls all
+mortals. It is a lot evaded only by the gods, if there be any truth in the
+tales told concerning them. It must be a satisfaction to you to
+contemplate the many pleasures enjoyed in a long life, just as after an
+excellent meal we can in mind revert to it and retaste in imagination
+every course--as indeed I do with the supper so daintily furnished by my
+hostess."
+
+"Ah, sir," said the old woman, "on the couch of death one looks not back
+but forward."
+
+"And that also is true," remarked �milius. "What is before you but
+everything that can console the mind and gratify the ambition. With your
+excellent daughter and the timber-yard hard by, you may calculate on a
+really handsome funeral pyre--plenty of olive wood and fragrant pine logs
+from the Cebenn�. I myself will be glad to contribute a handful of
+oriental spices to throw into the flames."
+
+"Sir, I think not of that."
+
+"And the numbers who will attend and the orations that will be made
+lauding your many virtues! It has struck me that one thing only is wanting
+in a funeral to make it perfectly satisfactory, and that is that the
+person consigned to the flames should be able to see the pomp and hear the
+good things said of him."
+
+"Oh, sir, I regard not that!"
+
+"No, like a wise woman, you look beyond."
+
+"Aye! aye!" she folded her hands and a light came into her eyes. "I look
+beyond."
+
+"To the mausoleum and the cenotaph. Unquestionably the worthy Flavillus
+will give you a monument as handsome as his means will permit, and for
+many centuries your name will be memorialized thereon."
+
+"Oh, sir! my poor name! what care I for that? I ask Flavillus to spend no
+money over my remains; and may my name be enshrined in the heart of my
+daughter. But--it is written elsewhere--even in Heaven."
+
+"I hardly comprehend."
+
+"As to what happens to the body--that is of little concern to me. I desire
+but one thing--to be dissolved, and to be with Christ."
+
+"Ah!--so--with Christ!"
+
+�milius rubbed his chin.
+
+"He is my Hope. He is my Salvation. In Him I shall live. Death is
+swallowed up in Victory."
+
+"She rambles in her talk," said he, turning to the daughter.
+
+"Nay, sir, she is clear in her mind and dwells on the thoughts that
+comfort her."
+
+"And that is not that she will have an expensive funeral?"
+
+"Oh, no, sir!"
+
+"Nor that she will have a commemorative cenotaph belauding her virtues?"
+
+Then the dying woman said: "I shall live--live forevermore. I have passed
+from death unto life."
+
+�milius shook his head. If this was not the raving of a disordered mind,
+what could it be?
+
+He retired to his apartment.
+
+He was tired. He had nothing to occupy him, so he cast himself on his bed.
+
+Shortly he heard the voice of a man. He started and listened in the hopes
+that Callipodius had returned, but as the tones were strange to him he lay
+down again.
+
+Presently a light struck through a knot in the boards that divided his
+room from that of the dying woman. Then he heard the strange voice say:
+"Peace be to this house and to all that dwell therein."
+
+"It is the physician," said �milius to himself. "Pshaw! what can he do?
+She is dying of old age."
+
+At first the newcomer did inquire concerning the health of the patient,
+but then rapidly passed to other matters, and these strange to the ear of
+the young lawyer. He had gathered that the old woman was a Christian; but
+of Christians he knew no more than that they were reported to worship the
+head of an ass, to devour little children, and to indulge in debauchery at
+their evening banquets.
+
+The strange man spoke to the dying woman--not of funeral and cenotaph as
+things to look forward to, but to life and immortality, to joy and rest
+from labor.
+
+"My daughter," said the stranger, "indicate by sign that thou hearest me.
+Fortified by the most precious gift thou wilt pass out of darkness into
+light, out of sorrow into joy, from tears to gladness of heart, from where
+thou seest through a glass darkly to where thou shalt look on the face of
+Christ, the Sun of Righteousness. Though thou steppest down into the
+river, yet His cross shall be thy stay and His staff shall comfort thee.
+He goeth before to be thy guide. He standeth to be thy defence. The
+spirits of evil cannot hurt thee. The Good Shepherd will gather thee into
+His fold. The True Physician will heal all thine infirmities. As the
+second Joshua, He will lead thee out of the wilderness into the land of
+Promise. The angels of God surround thee. The light of the heavenly city
+streams over thee. Rejoice, rejoice! The night is done and the day is at
+hand. For all thy labors thou shalt be recompensed double. For all thy
+sorrows He will comfort thee. He will wipe away thy tears. He will cleanse
+thee from thy stains. He will feed thee with all thy desire. Old things
+are passed away; all things are made new. Thy heart shall laugh and
+sing--Pax!"
+
+�milius, looking through a chink, saw the stranger lay his hand on the
+woman's brow. He saw how the next moment he withdrew it, and how, turning
+to her daughter, he said:
+
+"Do not lament for her. She has passed from death unto life. She sees Him,
+in whom she has believed, in whom she has hoped, whom she has loved."
+
+And the daughter wiped her eyes.
+
+"Well," said �milius to himself, "now I begin to see how these people are
+led to face death without fear. It is a pity that it should be delusion
+and mere talk. Where is the evidence that it is other? Where is the
+foundation for all this that is said?"
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER VII
+
+                                OBLATIONS
+
+
+The house into which the widow lady and her daughter entered was that used
+by the Christians of Nemausus as their church. A passage led into the
+_atrium_, a quadrangular court in the midst of the house into which most
+of the rooms opened, and in the center of which was a small basin of
+water. On the marble breasting of this tank stood, in a heathen household,
+the altar to the _lares et penates_, the tutelary gods of the dwelling.
+This court was open above for the admission of light and air, and to allow
+the smoke to escape. Originally this had been the central chamber of the
+Roman house, but eventually it became a court. It was the focus of family
+life, and the altar in it represented the primitive family hearth in times
+before civilization had developed the house out of the cabin.
+
+Whoever entered a pagan household was expected, as token of respect, to
+strew a few grains of incense on the ever-burning hearth, or to dip his
+fingers in the water basin and flip a few drops over the images. But in a
+Christian household no such altar and images of gods were to be found. A
+Christian gave great offense by refusing to comply with the generally
+received customs, and his disregard on this point of etiquette was held to
+be as indicative of boorishness and lack of graceful courtesy, as would be
+the conduct nowadays of a man who walked into a drawing-room wearing his
+hat.
+
+Immediately opposite the entrance into the _atrium_, on the further side
+of the tank, and beyond the altar to the _lares et penates_, elevated
+above the floor of the court by two or three white-marble steps, was a
+semicircular chamber, with elaborate mosaic floor, and the walls richly
+painted. This was the _tablinum_. The paintings represented scenes from
+heathen mythology in such houses as belonged to pagans, but in the
+dwelling of Baudillas, the deacon, the pictures that had originally
+decorated it had been plastered over, and upon this coating green vines
+had been somewhat rudely drawn, with birds of various descriptions playing
+among the foliage and pecking at the grapes.
+
+Around the wall were seats; and here, in a pagan house, the master
+received his guests. His seat was at the extremity of the apse, and was of
+white marble. When such a house was employed for Christian worship, the
+clergy occupied the seat against the wall and the bishop that of the
+master in the center. In the chord of the apse above the steps stood the
+altar, now no longer smoking nor dedicated to the _Lar pater_, but devoted
+to Him who is the Father of Spirits. But this altar was in itself
+different wholly from that which had stood by the water tank. Instead of
+being a block of marble, with a hearth on top, it consisted of a table on
+three, sometimes four, bronze legs, the slab sometimes of stone, more
+generally of wood.(1)
+
+The _tablinum_ was shut off from the hall or court, except when used for
+the reception of guests, by rich curtains running on rings upon a rod.
+These curtains were drawn back or forward during the celebration of the
+liturgy, and this has continued to form a portion of the furniture of an
+Oriental church, whether Greek, Armenian, or Syrian.
+
+In like manner the _tablinum_, with its conch-shape termination, gave the
+type to the absidal chancel, so general everywhere except in England.
+
+On the right side of the court was the _triclinium_ or dining-room, and
+this was employed by the early Christians for their love-feasts.
+
+Owing to the protection extended by law to the colleges or clubs, the
+Christians sought to screen themselves from persecution by representing
+themselves as forming one of these clubs, and affecting their usages. Even
+on their tombstones they so designated themselves, "Cultores Dei," and
+they were able to carry on their worship under the appearance of
+frequenting guild meetings. One of the notable features of such secular or
+semi-religious societies was the convivial supper for the members,
+attended by all. The Church adopted this supper, called it Agape, but of
+course gave to it a special signification. It was made to be a symbol of
+that unity among Christians which was supposed to exist between all
+members. The supper was also a convenient means whereby the rich could
+contribute to the necessities of the poor, and was regarded as a
+fulfilment of the Lord's command: "When thou makest a feast, call the
+poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind."
+
+Already, in the third century, the believers who belonged to the superior
+classes had withdrawn from them, and alleged as their excuse the command:
+"When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy
+brethren, neither thy kinsman, nor thy rich neighbors." Their actual
+reason was, however, distaste for associating with such as belonged to the
+lower orders, and from being present at scenes that were not always
+edifying.
+
+The house of Baudillas had once been of consequence, and his family one of
+position; but that had been in the early days of the colony before the
+indigenous Gaulish nobility had been ousted from every place of authority,
+and the means for enriching themselves had been drawn away by the greed of
+the conquerors. The quarter of the town in which was his mansion had
+declined in respectability. Many of the houses of the old Volcian gentry
+had been sold and converted into lodgings for artisans. In this case the
+ancestral dwelling remained in the possession of the last representative
+of the family, but it was out of repair, and the owner was poor.
+
+"I hardly know what should be done," said Baudillas to himself, rather
+than to the ladies he was escorting. "The Church has been enjoined to
+assemble this afternoon for the Agape, and our bishop, Castor, is absent
+at this critical juncture. He has gone on a pastoral round, taking
+advantage of the floods to visit, in boat, some of the outlying hamlets
+and villages where there are believers. It seems to me hardly prudent for
+us to assemble when there is such agitation of spirits. Ladies, allow my
+house-keeper--she was my nurse--to conduct you where you can repose after
+the fatigue and distress you have undergone. She will provide dry garments
+for Perpetua, and hot water for her feet. The baths are the proper place,
+but it would be dangerous for her to adventure herself in public."
+
+Baudillas paced the court in anxiety of mind. He did not know what course
+to adopt. He was not a man of initiative. He was devoted to his duty and
+discharged whatever he was commanded to do with punctilious nicety; but he
+was thrown into helpless incapacity when undirected by a superior mind, or
+not controlled by a dominant will.
+
+It would be difficult to communicate with the brethren. He had but one
+male servant, Pedo, who had a stiff hip-joint. He could not send him round
+to give notice of a postponement, and Baudillas was not the man to take
+such a step without orders. Probably, said he to himself, the commotion
+would abate before evening. There would be much feasting in the town that
+afternoon. The Cultores Nemausi had their club dinner; and the families of
+Volcian descent made it a point of honor to entertain on that day,
+dedicated to their Gallic founder and hero-god. It was precisely for this
+reason that the Agape had been appointed to be celebrated on the first of
+March. When all the lower town was holding debauch, the harmless reunion
+of the Christians would pass unregarded.
+
+"What shall I do?" said the deacon. "Castor, our bishop, should not have
+absented himself at such a time, but then how could he have foreseen what
+has taken place? I will take care that the ladies be provided with
+whatever they may need, and then will sally forth and ascertain what
+temper our fellow-citizens are in. We southerners blaze up like a fire of
+straw, and as soon does our flame expire. If I meet some of the brethren,
+I will consult with them what is to be done. As it is we have postponed
+the Agape till set of sun, when we deemed that all the town would be
+indoors merry-making."
+
+An hour later, a slave of the lady Quincta arrived to say that her house
+was watched, and that the servants did not deem it advisable to leave with
+the litter, lest some attempt should be made to track them to the house
+where their mistress was concealed, in which case the rabble might even
+try to get possession of Perpetua.
+
+Quincta was greatly alarmed at the tidings, and bade that the litter
+should on no account be sent. When those watching her door had been
+withdrawn, then a faithful slave was to announce the fact, and she and her
+daughter would steal home afoot. Thus passed the time, with anxiety
+contracting the hearts of all. Quincta was a timid woman, Baudillas, as
+already said, irresolute. In the afternoon, gifts began to arrive for the
+love-feast. Slaves brought hampers of bread, quails, field-fare stuffed
+with truffles; brown pots containing honey were also deposited by them in
+the passage. Others brought branches of dried raisins, apples, eggs,
+flasks of oil, and bouquets of spring flowers.(2)
+
+Baudillas was relieved when the stream of oblations began to flow in, as
+it decided for him the matter of the Agape. It must take place--it could
+not be deferred, as some of the food sent was perishable.
+
+A slave arrived laden with an _amphora_--a red earthenware bottle, pointed
+below, so that to maintain it upright it had to be planted in sand or
+ashes. On the side was a seal with the sacred symbol, showing that it
+contained wine set apart for religious usage.(3)
+
+"Sir!" said the bearer, "happy is the man who tastes of this wine from
+Ambrussum (near Lunel).(4) It is of the color of amber, it is old, and
+runs like oil. The heat of the Provence sun is gathered and stored in it,
+to break forth and glow in the veins, to mount into and fire the brain,
+and to make and kindle a furnace in the heart."
+
+"It shall be used with discretion, Tarsius," said the deacon.
+
+"By Bacchus!--I ask your pardon, deacon! Old habits are not easily laid
+aside. What was I saying? Oh--you remarked something about discretion. For
+my part I consider that my master has exercised none in sending this to
+your love-feast. Bah! it is casting pearls before swine to pour out this
+precious essence into the cups of such a beggarly, vagabond set as
+assemble here. The quality folk are becoming weary of these banquets and
+hold aloof."
+
+"That is sadly true," observed Baudillas, "and the effect of this
+withdrawal is that it aggravates the difficulties of myself and my
+brethren."
+
+"The choice liquor is thrown away on such as you have as congregation. How
+can they relish the Ambrussian if they have not had their palates educated
+to know good liquor from bad? On my faith as a Christian! were I master
+instead of slave, I would send you the wine of the year when Sosius Falco
+and Julius Clarus were consuls--then the grapes mildewed in the bunch, and
+the wine is naught but vinegar, no color, no bouquet, no substance.
+Gentlemen and slaves can't drink it. But I reckon that my master thinks to
+condone his absence by sending one of his choicest flasks."
+
+"You are somewhat free of tongue, Tarsius."
+
+"I am a frank man though enslaved. Thoughts are free, and my tongue is not
+enchained. I shall attend the banquet this evening. The master and
+mistress remain at home that we, believing members of the family, may be
+present at the Agape. I will trouble you, when pouring out the Ambrussian
+wine, not to forget that I had to sweat under the flask, to your house."
+
+"I think, Tarsius, I cannot do better than place the bottle under your
+charge. You know its value, and the force of the wine. Distribute as you
+see fit."
+
+"Aye; I know who will appreciate it, and who are unworthy of a drop. I
+accept the responsibility. You do wisely, deacon, in trusting me--a knowing
+one," and he slapped his breast and pursed up his mouth.
+
+Then another servant appeared with a basket.
+
+"Here, sir!" said he to the deacon. "I bring you honey-cakes. The lady
+Lampridia sends them. She is infirm and unable to leave her house, but she
+would fain do something for the poor, the almoners of Christ. She sends
+you these and also garments that she has made for children. She desires
+that you will distribute them among such parents as have occasion for
+them."
+
+Next came a man of equestrian rank, and drew the deacon aside.
+
+"Where is Castor?" he inquired in an agitated voice. "I cannot appear this
+evening. The whole town is in effervescence. Inquisition may be made for
+us Christians. There will be a tumult. When they persecute you in one
+city--fly to another! That is the divine command, and I shall obey it to
+the letter. I have sent forward servants and mules--and shall escape with
+my wife and children to my villa."
+
+"The bishop is away. He will be back this evening. I have not known what
+to do, whether or not to postpone the Agape to another day."
+
+"No harm will come of it if you hold the feast. None will attend save the
+poor and such as are on the books of the Church, the widows and those to
+whom a good meal is a boon. The authorities will not trouble themselves
+about the like of them. I don't relish the aspect of affairs, and shall be
+off before the storm breaks." Then the knight added hastily, "Here is
+money, distribute it, and bid the recipients pray for me and mine, that no
+harm befall us."
+
+Baudillas saw that the man was quaking with apprehension. "Verily," said
+he to himself, "It is a true saying, 'How hardly shall they that have
+riches enter into the kingdom of Heaven.' I wonder now, whether I have
+acted judiciously in entrusting that old Ambrussian to Tarsius? If the
+bishop had been here, I could have consulted him."
+
+So a weak, but good man, may even do a thing fraught with greater mischief
+than can be done with evil intent by an adversary.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VIII
+
+                          THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT
+
+
+As soon as dusk began to veil the sky, Christians in parties of three and
+four came to the house of Baudillas. They belonged for the most part to
+the lowest classes. None were admitted till they had given the pass-word.
+
+An _ostiarius_ or porter kept the door, and as each tapped, he said in
+Greek: "Beloved, let us love one another." Whereupon the applicant for
+admission replied in the same tongue, "For love is of God."
+
+Owing to the Greek element in the province, large at Massilia, Arelate and
+Narbo, but not less considerable at Nemausus, the Hellenic tongue, though
+not generally spoken, was more or less comprehended by all in the towns.
+The Scriptures were read in Greek; there was, as yet, no Italic version,
+and the prayers were recited, sometimes in Greek, sometimes in Latin. In
+preaching, the bishops and presbyters employed the vernacular--this was a
+conglomerate of many tongues and was in incessant decomposition, flux, and
+recomposition. It was different in every town, and varied from year to
+year.
+
+In the sub-apostolic church it was customary for a banquet to be held in
+commemoration of the Paschal Supper, early in the afternoon, lasting all
+night, previous to the celebration of the new Eucharistic rite, which took
+place at dawn. The night was spent in hymn singing, in discourses, and in
+prayer.
+
+But even in the Apostolic age, as we learn from St. Paul's first Epistle
+to the Corinthians, great abuses had manifested themselves, and very
+speedily a change was made. The Agape was dissociated from the Eucharist
+and was relegated to the evening after the celebration of the Sacrament.
+It was not abolished altogether, because it was a symbol of unity, and
+because, when under control, it was unobjectionable. Moreover, as already
+intimated, it served a convenient purpose to the Christians by making
+their meetings resemble those of the benefit clubs that were under legal
+protection.
+
+It may be conjectured that where the bulk of the members were newly
+converted, and were ignorant, there would speedily manifest itself among
+them a tendency to revert to their pagan customs, and a revolt against the
+restraints of Christian sobriety. And this actually took place, causing
+much embarrassment to the clergy, and giving some handle to the heathen to
+deride these meetings as scenes of gross disorder.
+
+No sooner did persecution cease, and the reason for holding love-feasts no
+longer held, than they were everywhere put down and by the end of the
+fourth century had absolutely ceased.
+
+In the third century Tertullian, in his "Apology" addressed to the
+heathen, gave a rose-colored description of the institution; but in his
+"Treatise on Fasting" addressed to the faithful, he was constrained to
+admit that it was a nursery of abuses. But this, indeed, common sense and
+a knowledge of human nature would lead us to suspect.
+
+We are prone to imagine that the first ages of the Church saw only saints
+within the fold, and sinners without. But we have only to read the
+writings of the early Fathers to see that this was not the case. If we
+consider our mission stations at the present day, and consult our
+evangelists among the heathen, we shall discover that the newly converted
+on entering the Church, bring with them much of their past: their
+prejudices, their superstitions, their ignorance, and their passions. The
+most vigilant care has to be exercised in watching against relapse in the
+individual, and deterioration of the general tone. The converts in the
+first ages were not made of other flesh and blood than those now
+introduced into the sheepfold, and the difficulties now encountered by
+missionaries beset the first pastors of Christ fifteen and sixteen hundred
+years ago.
+
+In an honest attempt to portray the condition of the Church at the opening
+of the third century, we must describe things as they were, and not as we
+should wish them to have been.
+
+The _atrium_ or courtyard was not lighted; there was sufficient
+illumination from above. The curtains of the _tablinum_ were close drawn,
+as the reception chamber was not to be put in requisition that night. The
+_triclinium_ or dining-room that received light through the doorway only
+would have been dark had not a lamp or two been kindled there.
+
+About thirty persons were present, male and female, but no children. Some
+were slaves from believing households; there were a few freedmen. Some
+were poor artisans, weavers, bakers, and men who sold charcoal, a porter,
+and a besom-maker.
+
+Quincta and Perpetua were the highest in social position of those present.
+A second deacon, named Marcianus, was there, a handsome man, peremptory in
+manner, quick in movement; in every point a contrast with his timid,
+hesitating brother in the ministry.
+
+The bishop had not arrived when the Agape began, and the blessing was
+spoken by an aged and feeble presbyter. The tables were spread with
+viands, and the deacons and deaconesses ministered to those who reclined
+at them. There was not room for all in the dining-chamber, and a table and
+couches had been spread in the court for such as could not be accommodated
+within.
+
+The proceedings were marked by the strictest propriety, the eating and
+drinking were in moderation, conversation was edifying, and general
+harmony prevailed. During the meal, a knocking was heard at the outer
+gate, and when the porter asked the name of the applicant for admission,
+the password was given, and he was admitted.
+
+All rose to receive Castor, the bishop.
+
+"Recline again, my friends," said he. "I have come from the house of
+Flavillus, the timber merchant on the _stagna_; his wife's mother has
+endured that which is human. She sleeps, and her spirit is with the Lord.
+I have been delayed. I was doing the work of my Master. One, a stranger to
+the faith, questioned me, and I tarried to converse with him, and disclose
+to his dark mind some ray of light. If the supper be ended, I will offer
+thanks."
+
+Then, standing at one of the tables, he made prayer to God, and thanked
+Him who had caused the corn to spring out of the earth, and had gathered
+the many grains into one bread; who had watered the vine from heaven, and
+had flushed the several grapes with generous juice, uniting the many into
+one bunch.
+
+The thanksgiving ended, lights were introduced in considerable numbers.
+There is no twilight in southern climes; when night falls, it falls
+darkly. Now all who had eaten went to the _impluvium_, dipped their hands,
+and washed their lips, then wiped them on towels held by the deaconesses.
+
+The tables were quickly removed, and the benches ranged in the
+_triclinium_, so as to accommodate all.
+
+No sooner was the whole congregation assembled, than the president,
+Castor, invited all such as had a psalm, an interpretation, a vision, or
+an edifying narrative, to relate or recite it.
+
+Then up started a little man, who held a lyre.
+
+"Sir," said he, "I have composed a poem in honor of Andeolus, the martyr
+of Gentibus."
+
+He struck a chord on his instrument, and sang. The composition was devoid
+of poetry, the meter halting, the Latin full of provincialisms, and the
+place of poetic imagery was filled with extravagances of expression. When
+he had concluded, he perhaps inadvertently wound up with the words,
+"Generous audience, grant me your applause!"--the usual method of
+conclusion on the stage.
+
+And the request met with favor--hands were clapped.
+
+Then Bishop Castor rose, and with a grave face, said:
+
+"We have listened to Lartius Garrulus with interest and with edification.
+It is well to glorify the memories of the holy ones who have witnessed a
+good confession, who have fought the fight, and have shed their blood as a
+testimony. But a poet in treating of such subjects, should restrain his
+too exuberant fancy, and not assert as facts matters of mere conjecture,
+nor should he use expressions that, though perhaps endurable in poetry,
+cannot be addressed to the martyrs in sober prose. The ignorant are too
+ready to employ words without considering their meaning with nicety, and
+to quote poets as licensing them to do that which their pastors would
+forbid."
+
+"But," said the deacon Marcianus, "what if this be uttered by
+inspiration?"
+
+"The Spirit of God," answered Castor, "never inspires the mind to import
+into religion anything that is not true." Turning round, he said: "I call
+on Turgellius to interpret a portion of the Epistle of the Blessed Paul,
+the Apostle to the Romans, translating it into the vulgar tongue, as there
+be those present who comprehend Greek with difficulty."
+
+This done, one rose, and said:
+
+"Sir, suffer me to disclose a revelation. I was asleep on my bed, three
+nights agone, and I had a dream, or vision, from on high. I beheld a snow-
+white flock pasturing on a mountain; there was abundance of herbage, and
+the sky was serene. The shepherd stood regarding them, leaning on his
+staff, and the watch-dog slept at his feet in the grass. Then, suddenly,
+the heavens became obscured, lightning flashed, thunder rolled: the flock
+was terrified and scattered. Thereupon came wolves, leaping among the
+sheep, and rending them; and I beheld now that some which I had taken to
+be sheep, cast their skins, and disclosed themselves to be ravening
+beasts. What may be signified by the vision, I know not, but I greatly
+fear that it portends an evil time to the Church."
+
+"That is like enough," said Baudillas, "after what has occurred this day.
+If the bishop has not heard, I will relate all to him in order."
+
+"I have been informed of everything," said Castor.
+
+"It is well that there should be a sifting of the wheat from the chaff,"
+said Marcianus. "Too long have we had wolves masquerading among us clothed
+in sheepskins. See!" He threw back his mantle, and extended his hand. "On
+my way hither, I passed by the fountain of Nemausus, and none were there.
+Then my soul was wrath within me at the idolatry and worship of devils
+that goes on in the temple and about the basin. So I took up a stone, and
+I climbed upon the pedestal, and I beat till I had broken this off." Then
+he rolled an alabaster sculptured head on the floor. With a contemptuous
+kick, he sent it spinning. "This is their god Nemausus. A deacon of
+Christ's Church, with a bit of stone, is able to break his neck, and carry
+off his head!" Then he laughed. But none laughed in response.
+
+A thrill of dismay ran through the assembly.
+
+A woman fell into hysterics and screamed. Some called out that she
+prophesied, others that she spake with tongues. Baudillas appeased the
+excitement. "The tongue she speaks," said he, "is the Ligurian of the
+Cebenn�, and all she says is that she wishes she were safe with her
+children in the mountains, and had never come into the town. Now, indeed,
+it seems that the evil days foreseen by Pantilius Narbo will come on the
+Church. The people might forget that the god was robbed of his victim, but
+not that his image has been defaced."
+
+"Well done, I say!" shouted a man, thrusting himself forward. His face was
+inflamed and his eyes dazed. "I--I, Tarsius the slave, and Marcianus, the
+deacon, are the only Christians with any pluck about us. Cowards that ye
+all are, quaking at the moment of danger--hares, ye are, hares afraid of
+the whistling of the wind in the grass. I--I----"
+
+"Remove that man," said the bishop. "He has been drinking."
+
+"I--I drinking. I have supped the precious Ambrussian wine, too good for
+the rag-tag. Dost think I would pour out to him who binds brooms? Or to
+her--a washerwoman from the mountains? Ambrussian wine for such as
+appreciate good things--gold as amber, thick as oil, sweet as honey."
+
+"Remove him," said the bishop firmly.
+
+Hands were laid on the fellow.
+
+Then turning to Marcianus, Castor said sternly, "You have acted
+inconsiderately and wrongly, against the decrees of the Fathers."
+
+"Aye!--of men who were timorous, and forbade others doing that from which
+they shrank themselves. I have not so learned Christ."
+
+"Thou thyself mayest be strong," said Castor, "but thine act will bring
+the tempest upon the Church, and it will fall upon the weak and young."
+
+"Such as cannot stand against the storm are good for naught," said
+Marcianus. "But the storm is none of my brewing. It had arisen before I
+intervened. The escape of the lady Perpetua from the fountain--that was the
+beginning, I have but added the final stroke."
+
+"Thou hast acted very wrongly," said the bishop. "May God, the God of all
+comfort, strengthen us to stand in the evil day. In very truth, the powers
+of darkness will combine against the Church. The lightnings will indeed
+flash, the sheep be scattered, and those revealed whom we have esteemed to
+be true disciples of Christ, but who are far from Him in heart. Many that
+are first shall be last, and the last first. It is ever so in the Kingdom
+of Christ--hark!"
+
+Suddenly a strange, a terrible sound was heard--a loud, hoarse note, like a
+blast blown through a triton's shell, but far louder; it seemed to pass in
+the air over the house, and set the tiles quivering. Every wall vibrated
+to it, and every heart thrilled as well. Men rushed into the _atrium_ and
+looked up at the night sky. Stars twinkled. Nothing extraordinary was
+visible. But those who looked expected to see some fire-breathing monster
+flying athwart the dark, heavenly vault, braying; and others again cried
+out that this was the trumpet of the archangel, and that the end of all
+things was come.
+
+Then said Marcianus, "It is the voice of the devil Nemausus! He has thus
+shouted before."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER IX
+
+                              STARS IN WATER
+
+
+As an excuse for not appearing in time at the Agape, Castor had asserted
+that he had been engaged on his Master's work elsewhere. That was true. He
+had been at the house of the timber merchant as we have seen, and he had
+been detained by �milius as he left it. This latter had been lying on his
+bed resting, whilst his garments were being dried.
+
+He had overheard what had passed in the room of the dying woman.
+
+When the bishop went forth, then �milius rose from his bed, cast the ample
+toga about him, and walked forth. He caught Castor as he descended to the
+water's edge to be paddled away.
+
+After a short salutation, the young lawyer said: "A word with you, sir, if
+your time is as generously to be disposed of to a stranger as it is
+lavished on the poor and sick."
+
+"I am at your service," answered the bishop.
+
+"My name," said the young man, "is �milius Lentulus Varo. My profession is
+the law. I am not, I believe, unknown in Nemausus, or at Arelate, where
+also I have an office. But you, sir, may not have heard of me--we have
+assuredly never met. Your age and gravity of demeanor belong to a social
+group other than mine. You mix with the wise, the philosophers, and not
+with such butterflies as myself, who am a ridiculous pleasure
+seeker--seeking and never finding. If I am not in error, you are Castor
+Lepidus Villoneos, of an ancient magisterial family in Nemausus and the
+reputed head of the Christian sect."
+
+"I am he," answered the bishop.
+
+"It may appear to you a piece of idle curiosity," said the young man, "if
+I put to you certain questions, and esteem it an impertinence, and so send
+me away empty. But I pray you to afford me--if thy courtesy will suffer
+it--some information concerning a matter on which I am eager to obtain
+light. I have been in the apartment adjoining that in which the mother of
+the hostess lay, and I chanced--the partition being but of plank--to
+overhear what was said. I confess that I am inquisitive to know something
+more certain of this philosophy or superstition, than what is commonly
+reported among the people. On this account, I venture to detain you, as
+one qualified to satisfy my greed for knowledge."
+
+"My time is at your disposal."
+
+"You spoke to the dying woman as though she were about to pass into a new
+life. Was that a poetic fancy or a philosophic speculation?"
+
+"It was neither, it was a religious conviction. I spoke of what I knew to
+be true."
+
+"Knew to be true!" laughed �milius. "How so? Have you traveled into the
+world of spirits, visited the _manes_, and returned posted up in all
+particulars concerning them?"
+
+"No. I receive the testimony from One I can trust."
+
+"One! All men are liars. I knew a fellow who related that he had fallen
+into an epileptic fit, and that during the fit his spirit had crossed the
+Styx. But as he had no penny wherewith to pay the fare, I did not believe
+him. Moreover, he never told the story twice alike, and in other matters
+was an arrant liar."
+
+"Whom would you believe?"
+
+"None, nothing save my own experience."
+
+"Not Him who made and who sustains your existence, my good sir?"
+
+"Yes, if I knew Him and were assured He spoke."
+
+"That is the assurance I have."
+
+�milius shook his head. "When, how, where, and by whom did He declare to
+men that there is a life beyond the tomb?"
+
+"The _when_ was in the principate of Tiberius C�sar, the _how_ was by the
+mouth of His only-begotten Son, the _where_ was in Palestine."
+
+The young lawyer laughed. "There is not a greater rogue and liar on the
+face of the earth than a Jew. I cannot believe in a revelation made
+elsewhere than at the center of the world, in the city of Rome."
+
+"Rome is the center of the world to you--but is it so to the infinite God?"
+
+�milius shrugged his shoulders contemptuously. "I am a lawyer. I ask for
+evidence. And I would not trust the word of a Jew against that of a common
+Gaulish peasant."
+
+"Nor need you. The witness is in yourself."
+
+"I do not understand you."
+
+"Have not all men, at all times and everywhere desired to know what is to
+be their condition after death? Does not every barbarous people harbor the
+conviction that there is a future life? Do not you civilized Romans,
+though you have no evidence, act as though there were such a life, and
+testify thereto on your monumental cenotaphs?"
+
+"I allow all that. But what of it?"
+
+"How comes it that there should be such a conviction based on no grounds
+whatever, but a vague longing, unless there were such a reality provided
+for those who have this desire in them? Would the Creator of man mock him?
+Would He put this hunger into him unless it were to be satisfied? You have
+eyes that crave for the light, and the light exists that satisfies this
+longing! You have ears that desire sounds, and the world is full of voices
+that meet this desire. Where there is a craving there is ever a reality
+that corresponds with and gives repose to that desire. Look," said the
+bishop, and pointed to the water in which were reflected the stars that
+now began to glitter in the sky. "Do you see all those twinkling points in
+the still water? They correspond to the living luminaries set above in the
+vault. You in your soul have these reflections--sometimes seen, sometimes
+obscured, but ever returning. They answer to realities in the celestial
+world overhead. The reflections could not be in your nature unless they
+existed in substance above."
+
+"There is a score of other things we long after in vain here."
+
+"What things? I believe I know. Purity, perfection, justice. Well, you do
+not find them here entire--only in broken glints. But these glints assure
+you that in their integrity they do exist."
+
+A boat was propelled through the water. It broke the reflections, that
+disappeared or were resolved into a very dust of sparkles. As the wavelets
+subsided, however, the reflections reformed.
+
+Castor walked up and down beside �milius in silence for a few turns, then
+said:--
+
+"The world is full of inequalities and injustices. One man suffers
+privation, another is gorged. One riots in luxury at the expense of the
+weak. Is there to be no righting of wrongs? no justice to be ever done? If
+there be a God over all, He must, if just--and who can conceive of God,
+save as perfectly just?--He must, I say, deal righteous judgment and smooth
+out all these creases; and how can he do so, unless there be a condition
+of existence after death in which the wrongs may be redressed, the evil-
+doers be punished, and tears be wiped away?"
+
+"There is philosophy in this."
+
+"Have you not in your conscience a sense of right as distinct from
+wrong--obscured often, but ever returning--like the reflection of the stars
+in the water? How comes it there unless there be the verities above?
+Unless your Maker so made you as to reflect them in your spirit?"
+
+�milius said nothing.
+
+"Have you not in you a sense of the sacredness of Truth, and a loathing
+for falsehood? How comes that, unless implanted in you by your Creator,
+who is Truth itself?"
+
+"But we know not--in what is of supreme interest to us--in matters connected
+with the gods, what our duties, what our destiny--what is the Truth."
+
+"Young man," said the bishop, "thou art a seeker after the kingdom of
+Heaven. One word further, and I must leave thee. Granted there are these
+scintillations within--"
+
+"Yes, I grant this."
+
+"And that they be reflections of verities above."
+
+"Possibly."
+
+"Whence else come they?"
+
+�milius did not, could not answer.
+
+"Then," said Castor, "is it not antecedently probable that the God who
+made man, and put into his nature this desire after truth, virtue,
+holiness, justice, aye, and this hunger after immortality, should reveal
+to man that without which man is unable to direct his life aright, attain
+to the perfection of his being, and look beyond death with confidence?"
+
+"If there were but such a revelation!"
+
+"I say--is it conceivable that the Creator should not make it?"
+
+"Thou givest me much food for thought," said the lawyer.
+
+"Digest it--looking at the reflection of the stars in the water--aye! and
+recall what is told by Aristotle of Xenophanes, how that casting his eyes
+upward at the immensity of heaven, he declared _The One_ is God. That
+conviction, at which the philosopher arrived at the summit of his
+research, is the starting point of the Christian child. Farewell. We shall
+meet again. I commend thee to Him who set the stars in heaven above, and
+the lights in thine own dim soul."
+
+Then the bishop sought a boat, and was rowed in the direction of the town.
+
+�milius remained by the lagoon.
+
+Words such as these he had heard were novel. The thoughts given him to
+meditate on were so deep and strange that he could not receive them at
+once.
+
+The night was now quite dark, and the stars shone with a brilliancy to
+which we are unaccustomed in the North, save on frosty winter nights.
+
+The Milky Way formed a sort of crescent to the north, and enveloped
+Cassiopeia's Chair in its nebulous light. To the west blazed Castor and
+Pollux, and the changing iridescent fire of Algol reflected its varying
+colors in the water.
+
+�milius looked up. What those points of light were, none could say. How
+was it that they maintained their order of rising and setting? None could
+answer. Who ruled the planets? That they obeyed a law, was obvious, but by
+whom was that law imposed?
+
+�milius paced quicker, with folded arms and bowed head, looking into the
+water. The heavens were an unsolved riddle. The earth also was a riddle,
+without interpretation. Man himself was an enigma, to which there was no
+solution. Was all in heaven, in earth, to remain thus locked up,
+unexplained?
+
+How was it that planets and constellations fulfilled the law imposed on
+them without deviation, and man knew not a law, lived in the midst of a
+cobweb of guesses, entangling himself in the meshes of vain speculations,
+and was not shown the commandment he must obey? Why had the Creator
+implanted in his soul such noble germs, if they were not to fructify--if
+only to languish for lack of light?
+
+Again he lifted his eyes to the starry vault, and repeated what had been
+said of Xenophanes, "Gazing on the immensity of heaven, he declared that
+the One was God." And then, immediately looking down into the depths of
+his own heart, he added: "And He is reflected here. Would that I knew
+Him."
+
+Yet how was he to attain the desired knowledge? On all sides were
+religious quacks offering their nostrums. What guarantee did Christianity
+offer, that it was other than the wild and empty speculations that
+swarmed, engaged and disappointed the minds of inquirers?
+
+Unconscious how time passed, �milius paced the bank. Then he stood still,
+looking dreamily over the calm water. A couple of months more and the air
+would be alive with fire-flies that would cluster on every reed, that
+would waver in dance above the surface of the lagoon, tens of thousands of
+drifting stars reflecting themselves in the water, and by their effulgence
+disturbing the light of the stars also there mirrored.
+
+Thinking of this, �milius laughed.
+
+"So is it," said he, "in the world of philosophic thought and religious
+aspiration. The air is full of fire-flies. They seem to be brilliant
+torch-bearers assuring us guidance, but they are only vile grubs, and they
+float above the festering pool that breeds malarial fevers. Where is the
+truth, where?"
+
+From the distant city sounded a hideous din, like the bellow of a gigantic
+bull.
+
+�milius laughed bitterly.
+
+"I know what that is, it is the voice of the god--so say the priestesses of
+Nemausus. It is heard at rare intervals. But the mason who made my baths
+at Ad Fines, explained it to me. He had been engaged on the temple and saw
+how a brazen instrument like a shell of many convolutions had been
+contrived in the walls and concealed, so that one woman's breath could
+sound it and produce such a bellow as would shake the city. Bah! one
+religion is like another, founded on impostures. What are the stars of
+heaven but fire-flies of a higher order, of superior flight? We follow
+them and stumble into the mire, and are engulfed in the slough."
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER X
+
+                               LOCUTUS EST!
+
+
+Every house in Nemausus thrilled with life. Sleep was driven from the
+drowsiest heads. The tipsy were sobered at once. Those banqueting desisted
+from conversation. Music was hushed. Men rushed into the street. The
+beasts in the amphitheater, startled by the strange note, roared and
+howled. Slowly the chief magistrate rose, sent to summon an edile, and
+came forth. He was not quick of movement; it took him some time to resolve
+whether he or his brother magistrate was responsible for order; when he
+did issue forth, then he found the streets full, and that all men in them
+were talking excitedly.
+
+The god Nemausus, the _archegos_, the divine founder and ancestor had
+spoken. His voice was rarely heard. It was told that before the Cimbri and
+Teutones had swept over the province, he had shouted. That had been in
+ages past; of late he had been sparing in the exercise of his voice. He
+was said to have cried out at the great invasion of the Helvetii, that had
+been arrested by Julius C�sar; again to have trumpeted at the outbreak of
+Civilis and Julius Sabinus, which, however, had never menaced Narbonese
+Gaul, though at the time the god had called the worst was anticipated. The
+last time he had been heard was at the revolt of Vindex that preceded the
+fall of Nero.
+
+Some young skeptics whispered: "By Hercules, the god has a brazen throat."
+
+"It is his hunting horn that peals to call attention. What he will say
+will be revealed to the priestess."
+
+"Or what the priestess wishes to have believed is his message."
+
+But this incredulous mood was exhibited by very few. None ventured openly
+to scoff.
+
+"The god hath spoken!" this was the cry through the streets and the forum.
+Every man asked his fellow what it signified. Some cried out that the
+prince--the divine Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla)--had been assassinated,
+just as he was about to start from Rome for Gaul. Others that the
+privileges of the city and colony were going to be abrogated. But one said
+to his fellow, "I augured ill when we heard that the god had been cheated
+of his due. No marvel he is out of humor, for Perpetua is esteemed the
+prettiest virgin in Nemausus."
+
+"I wonder that the rescue passed off without notice being taken of the
+affair by the magistrates."
+
+"Bah! it is the turn of the Petronius Alacinus now, and he will not bestir
+himself unnecessarily. So long as the public peace be not broken----"
+
+"But it was--there was a riot, a conflict."
+
+"A farcical fight with wind-bags. Not a man was hurt, not a drop of blood
+flowed. The god will not endure to be balked and his sacrifice made into a
+jest."
+
+"He is hoarse with rage."
+
+"What does it all mean?"
+
+Then said a stout man: "My good friend, it means that which always happens
+when the priesthood is alarmed and considers that its power is menaced--its
+credit is shaken. It will ask for blood."
+
+"There has been a great falling off of late in the worshipers of the gods
+and in attendance at the games."
+
+"This comes of the spread of the pestilent sect of the Christians. They
+are the enemies of the human race. They eat little children. The potter
+Fusius lost his son last week, aged six, and they say it was sacrificed by
+these sectaries, who stuck needles into it."
+
+"Bah! the body was found in the channel of the stream the child had fallen
+in."
+
+"I heard it was found half eaten," said a third.
+
+"Rats, rats," explained another standing by.
+
+"Well, these Christians refuse to venerate the images of the Augustus, and
+therefore are foes to the commonwealth. They should be rooted out."
+
+"You are right there. As to their religious notions--who cares about them?
+Let them adore what they will--onions like the Egyptians, stars like the
+Chaldeans, a sword like the Scythians--that is nothing to us; but when they
+refuse to swear by the Emperor and to offer sacrifice for the welfare of
+the empire then, I say, they are bad citizens, and should be sent to the
+lions."
+
+"The lions," laughed the stout man, "seem to respond to the voice, which
+sounded in their ears, 'Dinner for you, good beasts!' Well, may we have
+good sport at the games founded by Domitius Afer. I love to lie in bed
+when the _circius_ (mistral) howls and the snowflakes fly. Then one feels
+snug and enjoys the contrast. So in the amphitheater one realizes the
+blessedness of life when one looks on at wretches in the hug of the bear,
+or being mumbled by lions, or played with by panthers."
+
+Perhaps the only man whom the blast did not startle was Tarsius, the
+inebriated slave, who had been expelled the house of Baudillas, and who
+was engrossed only with his own wrongs, and who departed swearing that he
+excommunicated the Church, not the Church him. He muttered threats; he
+stood haranguing on his own virtues, his piety, his generosity of spirit;
+he recorded many acts of charity he had done. "And I--I to be turned out!
+They are a scurvy lot. Not worthy of me. I will start a sect of my own,
+see if I do not."
+
+Whilst reeling along, growling, boasting, confiding his wrongs to the
+walls on each side, he ran against Callipodius just as the words were in
+his mouth: "I am a better Christian than all of them. I don't affect
+sanctimoniousness in aspect, but I am sound, sound in my life--a plain,
+straight-walking man."
+
+"Are you so?" asked Callipodius. "Then I wish you would not festoon in
+such a manner as to lurch against me. You are a Christian. Hard times are
+coming for such as you."
+
+"Aye, aye! I am a Christian. I don't care who knows it. I'm not the man to
+lapse or buy a _libellus_,(5) though they have turned me out."
+
+Callipodius caught the fellow by the shoulder and shook him.
+
+"Man," said he. "Ah, a slave! I recognize you. You are of the family of
+Julius Largus Litomarus, the wool merchant. Come with me. The games are in
+a few days, and the director of the sports has been complaining that he
+wanted more prisoners to cast to the beasts. I have you in the nick of
+time. I heard you with these ears confess yourself to be a Christian, and
+the sole worthy one in the town. You are the man for us--plump and juicy,
+flushed with wine. By the heavenly twins, what a morsel you will make for
+the panthers! Come with me. If you resist I will summon the crowd, then
+perhaps they will elect to have you crucified. Come quietly, and it shall
+be panthers, not the cross. I will conduct you direct to the magistrate
+and denounce you."
+
+"I pray you! I beseech you! I was talking nonsense. I was enacting a part
+for the theater. I am no Christian; I was, but I have been turned out,
+excommunicated. My master and mistress believe, and just to please them
+and to escape stripes, and get a few favors such as are not granted to the
+others, I have--you understand." The slave winked.
+
+Beside Callipodius was a lad bearing a torch. He held it up and the flare
+fell over the face of the now sobered Tarsius.
+
+"Come with me, fellow," said Callipodius. "Nothing will save you but
+perfect obedience and compliance with what I direct. Hark! was not that
+the howl of the beasts. Mehercule! they snuff you already. My good friend
+�milius Lentulus Varo, the lawyer, will be your patron; a strong man. But
+you must answer my questions. Do you know the Lady Quincta and her
+daughter? Quincta is the widow of Harpinius L�to."
+
+"Aye, aye! the wench was fished out of the pond to-day."
+
+"That is right. Where are they, do you know their house?"
+
+"Yes, but they are not at home now."
+
+"Where are they then?"
+
+"Will you denounce them?" asked the slave nervously.
+
+"On the contrary. They are menaced. I seek to save them."
+
+"Oh! if that be all, I am your man. They are in the mansion of Baudillas,
+yonder--that is--but mum, I say! I must not speak. They kicked me out, but I
+am not ungenerous. I will denounce nobody. But if you want to save the
+ladies, I will help you with alacrity. They charged me with being
+drunk--not the ladies--the bishop did that--more shame to him. I but rinsed
+out my mouth with the Ambrussian. Every drop clear as amber. Ah, sir! in
+your cellar have you----"
+
+A rush of people up the street shouting, "The will of the god! the will of
+the god! It is being proclaimed in the forum."
+
+They swept round Callipodius and the slave, spinning them, as leaves are
+spun in a corner by an eddy of wind, then swept forward in the direction
+of the great square.
+
+"Come aside with me, fellow," said Callipodius, darting after the slave
+who was endeavoring to slink away. "What is your name? I know only your
+face marked by a scar."
+
+"Tarsius, at your service, sir!"
+
+"Good Tarsius, here is money, and I undertake to furnish you with a bottle
+of my best old Ambrussian for your private tipple, or to make merry
+therewith with your friends. Be assured, no harm is meant. The priests of
+Nemausus seek to recover possession of the lady Perpetua, and it is my aim
+to smuggle her away to a place of security. Do thou watch the door, and I
+will run and provide litters and porters. Do thou assure the ladies that
+the litters are sent to convey them in safety to where they will not be
+looked for; say thy master's house. I will answer for the rest. Hast thou
+access to them?"
+
+"Aye! I know the pass-word. And though I have been expelled, yet in the
+confusion and alarm I may be suffered again to enter."
+
+"Very excellent. Thou shalt have thy flask and an ample reward. Say that
+the litters are sent by thy master, Largus Litomarus."
+
+"Right, sir! I will do thy bidding."
+
+Then Callipodius hastened in the direction of the habitation of �milius.
+
+Meanwhile the forum filled with people, crowding on one another, all
+quivering with excitement. Above were the stars. Here and there below,
+torches. Presently the chief magistrate arrived with his lictors, and a
+maniple of soldiers to keep order and make a passage through the mob
+between the Temple of Nemausus and the forum.
+
+Few women were present. Such as were, belonged to the lowest of the
+people. But there were boys and men, old and young, slaves, artisans,
+freedmen, and citizens.
+
+Among the ignorant and the native population the old Paganism had a strong
+hold, and their interests attached a certain number of all classes to it.
+But the popular Paganism was not a religion affecting the lives by the
+exercise of moral control. It was devoid of any ethic code. It consisted
+in a system of sacrifice to obtain a good journey, to ward off fevers, to
+recover bad debts, to banish blight and mildew. The superstitious lived in
+terror lest by some ill-considered act, by some neglect, they should incur
+the wrath of the jealous gods and bring catastrophe on themselves or their
+town. They were easily excited by alarm, and were unreasonable in their
+selfish fervor.
+
+Ever in anticipation of some disaster, an earthquake, a murrain, fire or
+pestilence, they were ready to do whatever they were commanded, so as to
+avert danger from themselves. The words of the Apostle to the Hebrews
+describing the Gentiles as being through fear of death all their lifetime
+subject to bondage, were very true. The ignorant and superstitious may be
+said to have existed on the verge of a panic, always in terror lest their
+gods should hurt them, and cringing to them in abject deprecation of evil.
+It was this fear for themselves and their substance that rendered them
+cruel.
+
+The procession came from the temple. Torches were borne aloft, a long
+wavering line of lurid fire, and vessels were carried in which danced
+lambent flames that threw out odoriferous fumes.
+
+First came the priests; they walked with their heads bowed and their arms
+folded across their breasts, and with fillets of wool around their heads.
+Then followed the priestesses shrouded in sable mantles over their white
+tunics. All moved in silence. A hush fell on the multitude. Nothing was
+heard in the stillness save the tramp of feet in rhythm. When the
+procession had reached the forum, the chief priestess ascended the
+rostrum, and the flambeau-bearers ranged themselves in a half-circle
+below. She was a tall, splendidly formed woman, with profuse dark hair, an
+ivory complexion, flashing black eyes under heavy brows.
+
+Suddenly she raised her arms and extended them, letting the black pall
+drop from her shoulders, and reveal her in a woven silver robe, like a web
+of moonlight, and with white bare arms. In her right she bore an ivory
+silver-bound wand with mistletoe bound about it, every berry of
+translucent stone.
+
+Then amidst dead silence she cried: "The god hath spoken, he who founded
+this city, from whom are sprung its ancient patrician families, who
+supplieth you with crystal water from his urn. The holy one demands that
+she who hath been taken from him be surrendered to him again, and that
+punishment be inflicted on the Christians who have desecrated his statue.
+If this, his command, be not fulfilled, then will he withhold the waters,
+and deliver over the elect city to be a desolation, the haunt of the
+lizard and the owl and bat. To the lions with the Christians! _Locutus est
+Divus Archegos!_"
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XI
+
+                                PALANQUINS
+
+
+With the exception of the bishop, Marcianus, and a few others, all
+assembled at the Agape were struck with the liveliest terror. They
+entertained no doubt but that the sound that shook the walls was provoked
+by the outrage on the image of the tutelary god, following on the rescue
+of the victim allotted to him.
+
+The pagan inhabitants of Nemausus were roused to exasperation. The
+priesthood would employ every available means to work this resentment to a
+paroxysm, and the result would be riot and murder, perhaps an organized
+persecution.
+
+It must be understood that although the Roman State recognized other
+religions than the established paganism, as that of the Jews, and allowed
+the votaries freedom of worship, yet Christianity was not of this number.
+It was in itself illegal, and any magistrate, at his option, in any place
+and at any time, might put the laws in force against the members of the
+Church. Not only so, but any envious, bigoted, or resentful person might
+compel a magistrate to take cognizance of the presence of Christians in
+the district under his jurisdiction, and require him to capitally convict
+those brought before him.
+
+The system in the Roman Commonwealth for the maintenance of order was that
+every man was empowered to act as spy upon and delate another. Any man
+might accuse his neighbor, his brother, before the court; and if he could
+prove his charge, the magistrate had no option--he must sentence.
+Consequently the Christians depended for their safety on the favor of
+their fellow-citizens, on their own abstention from giving offence.
+
+The sole protection against false accusations in the Roman Commonwealth
+lay in the penalties to which an accuser was subject should he fail to
+establish his charge. But as on conviction a portion of the estate of the
+guilty person was handed over to the accuser, there was an inducement to
+delation.
+
+Under the Julian and Claudian C�sars the system had worked terribly. An
+entire class of men made denunciation their trade. They grew rich on the
+spoils of their victims, they spared none, and the judges themselves lived
+in fear of them. The evil became so intolerable that measures were taken
+to accentuate the risk to the accusers. If the Christians were not oftener
+denounced, the reason was that in the event of one lapsing, and through
+terror or pain abjuring Christ, then immediately the tables were turned,
+and the accuser was placed in danger of his life.
+
+When an Emperor issued an edict against the Christians he enacted no new
+law; he merely required that the existing laws should be put in force
+against them, and all risk to delators was removed in that no delation was
+exacted. On such an occasion every citizen and householder was required to
+appear before the court and offer a few grains of incense on an altar to
+the genius of the empire or of the prince. Should any one refuse to do
+this, then he was convicted of high treason and delivered over to the
+executioner to be either tortured or put to death off-hand. When the
+magistrate deemed it important to obtain a recantation, then he had
+recourse to the rack, iron hooks, torches, thumbscrews as means of forcing
+the prisoner through pain to abjure Christ.
+
+The Christians in Nemausus had lived in complete tranquillity. There had
+been no persecution. They had multiplied.
+
+The peace enjoyed by the Church had been to it of a mixed advantage. Many
+had been included whose conversion was due to questionable motives. Some
+had joined through sincere conviction; more from conviction seasoned with
+expectation of advantage. The poor had soon learned that a very rich and
+abundant stream of charity flowed in the Church, that in it the sick and
+feeble were cared for and their necessities were supplied, whereas in the
+established paganism no regard was paid to the needy and suffering. Among
+the higher classes there were adherents who attached themselves to the
+Church rather because they disbelieved in heathenism than that they held
+to the Gospel. Some accepted the truth with the head, but their hearts
+remained untouched.
+
+None had given freer expression to his conviction that there were weak-
+kneed and unworthy members than Marcianus the deacon. He had remonstrated
+with the bishop, he had scolded, repelled, but without effect. And now he
+had taken a daring step, the consequence of which would be that the
+members of the community would indeed be put to the test whether they were
+for Christ or Mammon. The conviction that a time of trial was come broke
+on the community like a thundercloud, and produced a panic. Many doubted
+their constancy, all shrank from being brought to a trial of their faith.
+The congregation in the house of Baudillas, when it had recovered from the
+first shock, resolved itself into groups agitated by various passions.
+Some launched into recrimination against Marcianus, who had brought them
+into jeopardy; some consulted in whispers how to escape the danger; a few
+fell into complete stupefaction of mind, unable to decide on any course.
+Others, again, abandoned themselves to despair and shrieked forth
+hysterical lamentations. Some crowded around Castor, clung to his garments
+and entreated him to save them. Others endeavored to escape from a place
+and association that would compromise them, by the back entrance to the
+servants' portion of the house.
+
+A few, a very few maintained their composure, and extending their arms
+fell to prayer.
+
+Baudillas hurried from one party to another uttering words of reassurance,
+but his face was blanched, his voice quivered, and he was obviously
+employing formal expressions that conveyed no strength to his own heart.
+Marcianus, with folded arms, looked at him scornfully, and as he passed,
+said, "The bishop should not have ordained such an unstable and quaking
+being as thyself to serve in the sacred ministry."
+
+"Ah, brother," sighed Baudillas, "it is with me as with Peter. The spirit
+truly is willing, but the flesh is weak."
+
+"That was spoken of him," answered Marcianus, "before Pentecost and the
+outpouring of the spirit of strength. Such timidity, such feebleness are
+unworthy of a Christian."
+
+"Pray for me that my faith fail not," said Baudillas, and passed on. By
+action he deadened his fears. Now came in Pedo, the old servant of the
+house, who had been sent forth to reconnoiter. His report was not
+reassuring. The mob was sweeping through the streets, and insisting on
+every household producing an image at its doors and placing a light before
+it. There were fuglemen who directed the crowd, which had been divided
+into bands to perambulate every division of the town and make inquisition
+of every house. The mob had begun by breaking into such dwellings as were
+not protected by an image, and wrecking them. But after one or two of such
+acts of violence, the magistrates had interfered, and although they
+suffered the people to assemble before the houses and to clamor for the
+production of an image and a light, yet they sent _vigiles_ (_i.e._, the
+watch) to guard such dwellings as remained undecorated. When the master of
+the house refused obedience to the mandate of the mob, then an officer
+ordered him to open the door, and he summoned him to appear next day in
+court and there do sacrifice. By this means the mob was satisfied and
+passed on without violence.
+
+But as the crowd marched down the streets it arrested every man and woman
+that was encountered, and insisted on their swearing by the gods and
+blaspheming Christ.
+
+Castor ordered the congregation to depart by twos and by threes, to take
+side alleys, and to avoid the main thoroughfares. This was possible, as
+the _posticum_, a back door, communicated with a mean street that had the
+city wall for one side.
+
+"My sons and daughters in Christ," said the bishop with composure,
+"remember that greater is He that is with us than those that be against
+us. When the servant of Elisha feared, then the Lord opened his eyes that
+he might behold the angels with chariots and horses of fire prepared to
+defend His servant. Avoid danger, but if it cannot be avoided stand firm.
+Remember His words, 'He that confesseth me before men, him will I also
+confess before my Father which is in heaven.'"
+
+As soon as all had departed, but not till then, did Castor leave.
+Marcianus turned with a sneer to his fellow-deacon and said, "Fly! you
+have full license from the bishop; and he sets the example himself."
+
+"I must tarry in my own house," answered Baudillas. "I have the ladies
+Quincta and Perpetua under my protection. They cannot return to their home
+until they be fetched."
+
+"So! they lean on a broken reed such as thee!"
+
+"Alack! they have none other to trust to."
+
+"The mob is descending our street," cried the slave, Pedo, limping in.
+
+"What are we to do?" asked Quincta trembling. "If they discover me and my
+daughter here we are undone. They will tear her from my arms."
+
+The deacon Baudillas clasped his hands to his head. Then his slave said:
+"Master, Tarsius is at the door with litters and bearers. He saith he hath
+been sent for the lady Perpetua."
+
+"And for me?" asked Quincta eagerly.
+
+"And for thee also, lady. It is said that guards are observing thy house
+and that, therefore, thy slaves cannot venture hither. Therefore, so says
+Tarsius, his master, the wool-merchant, Julius Largus, hath sent his
+litters and porters."
+
+"But his house will be visited!"
+
+"The bearers have instructions as to what shall be done."
+
+"This is strange," said Quincta. "I did not suppose that Largus Litomarus
+would have shown such consideration. We are not acquainted--indeed we
+belong to different classes----"
+
+"Yet are ye one in Christ," said the deacon. "Call in Tarsius, he shall
+explain the matter. But let him be speedy or the rabble will be on us."
+
+"They are at the head of the street," said the slave, "and visit the door
+of Terentius Cominius."
+
+"He believes."
+
+"And he has set out a figure of the Good Shepherd before his door with a
+lamp. The crowd regards it as a Mercury and has cheered and gone on to the
+next door."
+
+Tarsius, thoroughly recovered from his intoxication, was now admitted. He
+looked none in the face, and stumbled through his tale. Julius Largus
+Litomarus had bidden him offer his litters; there were curtains closing
+them, and his servants would convey the ladies to a place of security.
+
+Quincta was too frightened, too impatient to be off, to question the man,
+nor was the deacon more nice in inquiry, for he also was in a condition of
+nervous unrest.
+
+The shouts of the mob could be heard.
+
+"I do not wholly trust this man," said Baudillas. "He was expelled for
+misconduct. Yet, what can we do? Time presses! Hark!--in a brief space the
+rabble will be here. Next house is a common lodging and will not detain
+them. Would that Marcianus had remained. He could have advised us. Madam,
+act as you think best."
+
+"The mob is on the move," said Pedo. "They have been satisfied at the
+house of Dulcius Liber, and now Septimus Philadelphus is bringing out
+half-a-dozen gods. Master--there is not a moment to be lost."
+
+"Let us fly--quick!" gasped Quincta.
+
+She plucked her daughter's arm, and fairly dragged her along the passage
+out of the house.
+
+In the street they saw a flare. The rabble, held in control by some
+directing spirit, was furnished with torches. It was roaring outside a
+house, impatient because no statue was produced, and proceeded to throw
+stones and batter the door.
+
+"That house is empty," whispered Pedo. "The master was bankrupt and
+everything sold. There is not a person in it."
+
+Quincta mounted the _lectica_ or palanquin that was offered, without
+looking whether her daughter were safe, and allowed the bearers, nay urged
+them, to start at a trot.
+
+Tarsius remained behind. He handed Perpetua into the second closed litter,
+then gave the word, and ran beside it, holding the curtains together with
+one hand.
+
+Baudillas trembling for himself was now left alone.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XII
+
+                                   REUS
+
+
+"Master!" said the old slave, moving uneasily on his stiff joint, before
+the even more nervously agitated master, "Master, there is the freedwoman
+Glyceria below, who comes in charing. She has brought an idol of Tarranus
+under her cloak, and offers to set that with a lamp before the door. She
+is not a believer, she worships devils, but is a good soul and would save
+us. She awaits your permission."
+
+The deacon was profoundly moved.
+
+"It must not be! It may not be! I--I am a deacon of the Church. This is
+known to be a Christian household. The Church is in my house, and here the
+divine mysteries are celebrated. If she had not asked my leave, and
+had--if--but no, I cannot sanction this. God strengthen me, I am distracted
+and weak." The slave remained. He expected that his master in the end
+would yield.
+
+"And yet," stammered Baudillas, "He hath compassion on the infirm and
+feeble. He forgave Peter. May He not pardon me if--? Glyceria is a heathen
+woman. She does not belong to my family. I did not propose this. I am not
+responsible for her acts. But no--it would be a betrayal of the truth, a
+dishonor to the Church. He that confesseth me before men--no, no, Pedo, it
+may not be."
+
+"And now it is too late," said the slave. "They are at the door."
+
+Blows resounded through the house, and the roar of voices from the street
+surged up over the roof, and poured in through the opening over the
+_impluvium_. It was as though a mighty sea were thundering against the
+house and the waves curled over it and plunged in through the gap above
+the court.
+
+"You must open, Pedo. I will run upstairs for a moment and compose myself.
+Then--if it must be--but do not suffer the rabble to enter. If a prefect be
+there, or his underling and soldiers, let them keep the door. Say I shall
+be down directly. Yet stay--is the _posticum_ available for escape?"
+
+"Sir--the mob have detailed a party to go to the backs of the houses and
+watch every way of exit."
+
+"Then it is God's will that I be taken. I cannot help myself. I am glad I
+said No to the offer of Glyceria."
+
+The deacon ascended a flight of limestone steps to the upper story. The
+slabs were worn and cracked, and had not been repaired owing to his
+poverty. He entered a room that looked out on the street, and went to the
+window.
+
+The street above his doorway was dense with people, below it was
+completely empty. Torches threw up a glare illumining the white fa�ades of
+the houses. He saw a sea of heads below. He heard the growl of voices
+breaking into a foam of coarse laughter. Curses uttered against the
+Christians, blasphemies against Christ, words of foulness, threats, brutal
+jests, formed the matter of the hubbub below. A man bearing a white wand
+with a sprig of artificial mistletoe at the end, gave directions to the
+people where to go, where to stop, what to do. He was the head of the
+branch of the guild of the Cultores Nemausi for that portion of the town.
+
+Someone in the mob lifting his face, looked up and saw the deacon at the
+window, and at once shouted, "There! there he is! Baudillas Macer, come
+down, sacrilegious one! That is he who carried the maiden away."
+
+Then rose hoots and yells, and a boy putting his hands together and
+blowing produced an unearthly scream.
+
+"He is one of them! He is a ringleader! He has an ass's head in the house
+to which he sacrifices our little ones. He it was who stuck needles into
+the child of the potter Fusius, and then gnawed off the cheeks and
+fingers. He can inform where is the daughter of Aulus Harpinius who was
+snatched from the basin of the god. Let us avenge on him the great
+sacrilege that has been committed. It was he who struck off the head of
+the god."
+
+Then one flung a stone that crashed into the room, and had not Baudillas
+drawn back, it would have struck and thrown him down stunned.
+
+"Let the house be ransacked!" yelled the mob. "We will seek in it for the
+bones of the murdered children. Break open the door if he will not
+unfasten. Bring a ladder, we will enter by the windows. Someone ascend to
+the roof and drop into the _atrium_."
+
+Then ensued a rush against the valves, but they were too solid to yield;
+and the bars held them firm, run as they were into their sockets in the
+solid wall.
+
+The slave Pedo now knocked on the inside. This was the signal that he was
+about to open.
+
+The soldiers drew up across the entrance, and when the door was opened,
+suffered none to enter the house save the deputy of the prefect with four
+of his police, and some of the leaders of the Cultores Nemausi. And now a
+strange calm fell on the hitherto troubled spirit of Baudillas. He was
+aware that no effort he could make would enable him to escape. His knees,
+indeed, shook under him as he went to the stairs to descend, and
+forgetting that the tenth step was broken, he stumbled at it and was
+nearly precipitated to the bottom. Yet all wavering, all hesitation in his
+mind was at an end.
+
+He saw the men in the court running about, calling to each other, peering
+into every room, cubicle, and closet; one called that the cellar was the
+place in which the infamous rites of the Christians were performed and
+that there would be found amphor� filled with human blood. Then one
+shouted that in the _tablinum_ there was naught save a small table.
+Immediately after a howl rose from those who had penetrated to the
+_triclinium_, and next moment they came rushing forth in such excitement
+that they dragged down the curtain that hung before the door and entangled
+their feet in it. One, not staying to disengage himself, held up his hands
+and exhibited the broken head of the statue, that had been brought there
+by Marcianus, and by him left on the floor.
+
+"It is he who has done it! The sacrilegious one! The defacer of the holy
+image!" howled the men, and fell upon the deacon with their fists. Some
+plucked at his hair; one spat in his face. Others kicked him, and tripping
+him up, cast him his length on the ground, where they would have beaten
+and trampled the life out of him, had not the deputy of the �dile
+interfered, rescued him from the hands of his assailants and thrust him
+into a chamber at the side of the hall, saying: "He shall be brought
+before the magistrate. It is not for you to take into your hands the
+execution of criminals untried and uncondemned."
+
+Then one of the officers of the club ran to the doorway of the house, and
+cried: "Citizens of Nemausus, hearken. The author of the egregious impiety
+has been discovered. It is Cneius Baudillas Macer, who belongs to an
+ancient, though decayed, family of this town. He who should have been the
+last to dishonor the divine founder has raised his parricidal hand against
+him. He stands convicted. The head of the god has been found in the house;
+it is that recently broken off from the statue by the baths. Eheu! Eheu!
+Woe be to the city, unless this indignity be purged away."
+
+A yell of indignation rose as an answer.
+
+The slave Pedo was suffered to enter the bedroom, on the floor of which
+lay his master bruised and with his face bleeding; for some of his front
+teeth had been broken and his lips were cut.
+
+"Oh master! dear master! What is to be done?" asked the faithful creature,
+sobbing in his distress.
+
+"I wonder greatly, Pedo, how I have endured so much. My fear is lest in
+the end I fall away. I enjoin you--there is naught else you can do for
+me--seek the bishop, and ask that the prayers of the Church may go up to
+the Throne of Grace for me. I am feeble and frail. I was a frightened shy
+lad in old times. If I were to fall, it would be a shame to the Church of
+God in this town, this Church that has so many more worthy than myself in
+it."
+
+"Can I bring thee aught, master? Water and a towel?"
+
+"Nay, nothing, Pedo! Do as I bid. It is all that I now desire."
+
+The soldiers entered, raised the deacon, and made him walk between them. A
+man was placed in front, another behind to protect him against the people.
+As Baudillas was conveyed down the _ostium_, the passage to the door, he
+could see faces glowering in at him; he heard angry voices howling at him;
+an involuntary shrinking came over him, but he was irresistibly drawn
+forward by the soldiers. On being thrust through the doorway before all,
+then a great roar broke forth, fists and sticks were shaken at him, but
+none ventured to cast stones lest the soldiers should be struck.
+
+One portion of the mob now detached itself from the main body, so as to
+follow and surround the deacon and assure itself that he did not escape
+before he was consigned to the prison.
+
+The city of Nemausus, capital of the Volc� Arecomici, though included
+geographically in the province of Narbonese Gaul, was in fact an
+independent republic, not subject to the proconsul, but under Roman
+suzerainty. With twenty-four _com�_ or townships under it, it governed
+itself by popular election, and enjoyed the _lex Italica_. This little
+republic was free from land tax, and it was governed by four
+functionaries, the Quatuor-viri, two of whom looked after the finances,
+and two, like the _duum-viri_ elsewhere, were for the purpose of
+maintaining order, and the criminal jurisdiction was in their hands. Their
+title in full was _duum viri juri dicendo_, and they were annually elected
+by the senate. Their function was much that in small of the Roman consuls,
+and they were sometimes in joke entitled consuls. They presided over the
+senate and had the government of the town and state in their hands during
+their tenure of office. On leaving their office they petitioned for and
+received the right to ride horses, and were accounted knights. They wore
+the dignified _pr� texta_, and were attended by two lictors.
+
+Baudillas walked between his escort. He was in a dazed condition. The
+noise, the execrations cast at him, the flashing of the torches on the
+helmets and breastplates of the guard, the glittering eyes and teeth of
+the faces peering at him, the pain from the contusions he had received
+combined to bewilder him. In the darkness and confusion of his brain, but
+one thought remained permanent and burnt like a brilliant light, his
+belief in Christ, and one desire occupied his soul, to be true to his
+faith. He was too distracted to pray. He could not rally his senses nor
+fix his ideas, but the yearning of his humble soul rose up, like the steam
+from a new turned glebe in the sun of a spring morning.
+
+In times of persecution certain strong spirits had rushed to confession
+and martyrdom in an intoxication of zeal, such as Baudillas could not
+understand. He did not think of winning the crown of martyrdom, but he
+trembled lest he should prove a castaway.
+
+Thrust forward, dragged along, now stumbling, then righted by the soldiers
+sustaining him, Baudillas was conveyed to the forum and to the basilica
+where the magistrate was seated.
+
+On account of the disturbance, the Duum-vir--we will so term him though he
+was actually one of the Quatuor-viri--he whose turn it was to maintain
+order and administer justice, had taken his place in the court, so as to
+be able to consign to custody such as were brought in by the guard on
+suspicion of being implicated in the outrage; he was there as well for the
+purpose of being ready to take measures promptly should the mob become
+unmanageable. So long as it was under control, he did not object to its
+action, but he had no thought of letting it get the upper hand. Rioters,
+like children, have a liking for fire, and if they were suffered to apply
+their torches to the houses of Christians might produce a general
+conflagration.
+
+Although the magistrates were chosen by popular election, it was not those
+who constituted the rabble who had votes, and had to be humored, but the
+citizen householders, who viewed the upheaval of the masses with jealous
+suspicion.
+
+That the proceedings should be conducted in an orderly manner,
+instructions had been issued that no arrest was to be made without there
+being someone forthcoming to act as accuser, and the soldiers were
+enjoined to protect whosoever was menaced against whom no one was prepared
+to formulate a charge which he would sustain in court.
+
+In the case of Baudillas there would be no difficulty. The man--he was the
+treasurer of the guild--who had found the mutilated head was ready to
+appear against him.
+
+The court into which the deacon was brought rapidly filled with a crowd,
+directly he had been placed in what we should now call the dock. Then the
+accuser stood up and gave his name. The magistrate accepted the
+accusation. Whereupon the accuser made oath that he acted from no private
+motive of hostility to the accused, and that he was not bribed by a third
+person to delate him. This done, he proceeded to narrate how he had
+entered the house of Baudillas, surnamed Macer, who was generally believed
+to be a minister of the sect of the Christians; how that in searching the
+house he had lighted on a mutilated head on the pavement of the
+_triclinium_. He further stated that he well knew the statue of the god
+Nemausus that stood by the fountain which supplied the lower town, and
+that he was firmly convinced that the head which he now produced had
+belonged to the statue, which statue had that very night been wantonly and
+impiously defaced. He therefore concluded that the owner of the house,
+Baudillas Macer, was either directly or indirectly guilty of the act of
+sacrilege, and he demanded his punishment in accordance with the law.
+
+This sufficed as preliminary.
+
+Baudillas was now _reus_, and as such was ordered to be conveyed to
+prison, there to be confined until the morning, when the interrogation
+would take place.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XIII
+
+                                 AD FINES
+
+
+Perpetua was carried along at a swinging trot in the closed litter, till
+the end of the street had been reached, and then, after a corner had been
+turned, the bearers relaxed their pace. It was too dark for her to see
+what were the buildings past which she was taken, even had she withdrawn
+the curtains that shut in the litter; but to withdraw these curtains would
+have required her to exert some force, as they were held together in the
+grasp of Tarsius, running and striding at the side. But, indeed, she did
+not suppose it necessary to observe the direction in which she was being
+conveyed. She had accepted in good faith the assurance that the _lectica_
+had been sent by the rich Christian wool merchant, Largus Litomarus, and
+had acquiesced in her mother's readiness to accept the offer, without a
+shadow of suspicion.
+
+God had delivered her from a watery death, and she regarded the gift as
+one to be respected; her life thus granted her was not to be wilfully
+thrown away or unnecessarily jeopardized. Unless she escaped from the
+house of the deacon, she would fall into the hands of the rabble, and this
+was a prospect more terrifying than any other. If called upon again to
+witness a good confession, she would do so, God helping her, but she was
+glad to be spared the ordeal.
+
+It was not till the porters halted, and knocked at a door, and she had
+descended from the palanquin, that some suspicion crossed her mind that
+all was not right. She looked about her, and inquired for her mother. Then
+one whom she had not hitherto noticed drew nigh, bowing, and said: "Lady,
+your youthful and still beautiful mother will be here presently. The
+slaves who carry her have gone about another way so as to divert attention
+from your priceless self, should any of the mob have set off in pursuit."
+
+The tone of the address surprised the girl. Her mother was not young, and
+although in her eyes that mother was lovely, yet Quincta was not usually
+approached with expressions of admiration for her beauty.
+
+Again Perpetua accepted what was said, as the reason given was plausible,
+and entered the house. The first thing she observed, by the torch glare,
+was a statue of Apollo. She was surprised, and inquired, hesitatingly, "Is
+this the house of Julius Largus Litomarus?"
+
+"Admirable is your ladyship's perspicuity. Even in the dark those more-
+than-Argus eyes discern the truth. The worthy citizen Largus belongs to
+the sect. He is menaced as well as other excellent citizens by the
+unreasoning and irrational vulgar. He has therefore instructed that you
+should be conveyed to the dwelling of a friend, only deploring that it
+should be unworthy of your presence."
+
+"May I ask your name, sir?"
+
+"Septimus Callipodius, at your service."
+
+"I do not remember to have heard the name, but," she added with courtesy,
+"that is due to my ignorance as a young girl, or to my defective memory."
+
+"It is a name that has not deserved to be harbored in the treasury of such
+a mind."
+
+The girl was uneasy. The fulsome compliment and the obsequious bow of the
+speaker were not merely repugnant to her good taste, but filled her with
+vague misgivings. It was true that exaggeration and flattery in address
+were common enough at the period, but not among Christians, who abstained
+from such extravagance. The mode of speaking adopted by Callipodius
+stamped him as not being one of the faithful.
+
+"I will summon a female slave to attend on your ladyship," said he; "and
+she will conduct you to the women's apartments. Ask for whatever you
+desire. The entire contents of the house are at your disposal."
+
+"I prefer to remain here in the court till my mother shall arrive."
+
+"Alas! adorable lady! it is possible that you may have to endure her
+absence for some time. Owing to the disturbed condition of the streets, it
+is to be feared that her carriage has been stopped; it is not unlikely
+that she may have been compelled to take refuge elsewhere; but, under no
+circumstances short of being absolutely prevented from joining you, will
+she fail to meet you to-morrow in the villa Ad Fines."
+
+"Whose villa?"
+
+"The villa to which, for security, you and your mother the Lady Quincta
+are to be conveyed till the disturbances are over, and the excitement in
+men's minds has abated. By Hercules! one might say that the drama of the
+quest of Proserpine by Ceres were being rehearsed, were it not that the
+daughter is seeking the mother as well as the latter her incomparable
+child."
+
+"I cannot go to Ad Fines without her."
+
+"Lady, in all humility, as unworthy to advise you in anything, I would
+venture to suggest that your safety depends on accepting the means of
+escape that are offered. The high priestess has declared that nothing will
+satisfy the incensed god but that you should be surrendered to her, and
+what mercy you would be likely to encounter at her hands, after what has
+taken place, your penetrating mind will readily perceive. Such being the
+case, I dare recommend that you snatch at the opportunity offered, fly the
+city and hide in the villa of a friend who will die rather than surrender
+you. None will suspect that you are there."
+
+"What friend? Largus Litomarus is scarcely to be termed an acquaintance of
+my mother."
+
+"Danger draws close all generous ties," said Callipodius.
+
+"But my mother?"
+
+"Your mother, gifted with vast prudence, may have judged that her presence
+along with you would increase the danger to yourself. I do not say so. But
+it may so happen that her absence at this moment may be due to her good
+judgment. On the other hand, it may also have chanced, as I already
+intimated, that her litter has been stayed, and she has been constrained
+to sacrifice."
+
+"That she will never do."
+
+"In that case, I shudder at the consequences. But why suppose the worst?
+She has been delayed. And now, lady, suffer me to withdraw--it is an
+eclipse of my light to be beyond the radiance of your eyes. I depart,
+however, animated by the conviction, and winging my steps, that I go to
+perform your dearest wish--to obtain information relative to your lady
+mother, and to learn when and where she will rejoin you. Be ready to start
+at dawn--as soon as the city gates are opened, and that will be in another
+hour."
+
+Then Perpetua resigned herself to the female servants, who led her into
+the inner and more private portions of the house, reached by means of a
+passage called "the Jaws" (_fauces_).
+
+Perpetua was aware that she was in a difficult situation, one in which she
+was unable to know how she was placed, and from which she could not
+extricate herself. She was young and inexperienced, and, on the whole,
+inclined to trust what she was told.
+
+In pagan Rome, it was not customary for girls to be allowed the liberty
+that alone could give them self-confidence. Perhaps the condition of that
+evil world was such that this would not have been possible. When the
+foulest vice flaunted in public without a blush, when even religion
+demoralized, then a Roman parent held that the only security for the
+innocence of a daughter lay in keeping her closely guarded from every
+corrupting sight and sound. She was separated from her brothers and from
+all men; she associated with her mother and with female slaves only. She
+was hardly allowed in the street or road, except in a litter with curtains
+close drawn, unless it were at some religious festival or public ceremony,
+when she was attended by her relatives and not allowed out of their sight.
+
+This was due not merely to the fact that evil was rampant, but also to the
+conviction in the hearts of parents that innocence could be preserved only
+by ignorance. They were unable to supply a child with any moral principle,
+to give it any law for the government of life, which would plant the best
+guardian of virtue within, in the heart.
+
+Augustus, knowing of no divine law, elevated sentimental admiration for
+the simplicity of the ancients into a principle--only to discover that it
+was inadequate to bear the strain put on it; that the young failed to
+comprehend why they should control their passions and deny themselves
+pleasures out of antiquarian pedantry. Marcus Aurelius had sought in
+philosophy a law that would keep life pure and noble, but his son Commodus
+cast philosophy to the winds as a bubble blown by the breath of man, and
+became a monster of vice. Public opinion was an unstable guide. It did
+worse than fluctuate, it sank. Much was tolerated under the Empire that
+was abhorrent to the conscience under the Republic. It allowed to-day what
+it had condemned yesterday. It was a nose of wax molded by the vicious
+governing classes, accommodated to their license.
+
+Although a Christian maiden was supplied with that which the most exalted
+philosophy could not furnish--a revealed moral code, descending from the
+Creator of man for the governance of man, yet Christian parents could not
+expose their children to contamination of mind by allowing them the wide
+freedom given at this day to an English or American girl. Moreover, the
+customs of social life had to be complied with, and could not be broken
+through. Christian girls were accordingly still under some restraint, were
+kept dependent on their parents, and were not allowed those opportunities
+for free action which alone develop individuality and give independence of
+character. Nevertheless, in times of persecution, when many of these
+maidens thus closely watched were brought to the proof of their faith,
+they proved as strong as men--so mighty was the grace of God, so stubborn
+was faith.
+
+Although Perpetua was greatly exhausted by the strain to which she had
+been exposed during the day, she could not rest when left to herself in a
+quiet room, so alarmed was she at the absence of her mother.
+
+An hour passed, then a second. Finally, steps sounded in the corridor
+before her chamber, and she knew that she must rise from the couch on
+which she had cast herself and continue her flight.
+
+A slave presented herself to inform Perpetua that Callipodius had returned
+with the tidings that her mother was unable at once to rejoin her, that
+she was well and safe, and had preceded her to Ad Fines; that she desired
+her daughter to follow with the utmost expedition, and that she was
+impatient to embrace her. The slave woman added that the streets were now
+quiet, the city gates were open, and that the litter was at the door in
+readiness.
+
+"I will follow you with all speed. Leave me to myself."
+
+Then, when the slave had withdrawn, Perpetua hastily arranged her ruffled
+hair, extended her arms, and turning to the east, invoked the protection
+of the God who had promised, "I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee."
+
+On descending to the _atrium_, Perpetua knelt by the water-tank and bathed
+her face and neck. Then she mounted the litter that awaited her outside
+the house. The bearers at once started at a run, nor did they desist till
+they had passed through the city gate on the road that led to the mountain
+range of the Cebenn�. This was no military way, but it led into the
+pleasant country where the citizens of Nemausus and some of the rich
+merchants of Narbo had their summer quarters.
+
+The gray dawn had appeared. Market people from the country were coming
+into the town with their produce in baskets and carts.
+
+The bearers jogged along till the road ascended with sufficient rapidity
+to make them short of breath. The morning was cold. A streak of light lay
+in the east, and the wind blew fresh from the same quarter. The colorless
+white dawn overflowed the plain of the Rhodanus, thickly strewn with
+olives, whose gray foliage was much of the same tint as the sky overhead.
+To the south and southeast the olive plantations were broken by tracts of
+water, some permanent lagoons, others due to recent inundations. To the
+right, straight as an arrow, white as snow, ran the high road from Italy
+to Spain, that crossed the Rhodanus at Ugernum, the modern Beaucaire, and
+came from Italy by Tegulata, the scene of the victory of Marius over the
+Cimbri, and by Aqu� Sexti� and its hot springs.
+
+The journey was long; the light grew. Presently the sun rose and flushed
+all with light and heat. The chill that had penetrated to the marrow of
+the drowsy girl gave way. She had refused food before starting; now, when
+the bearers halted at a little wayside tavern for refreshment and rest,
+she accepted some cakes and spiced wine from the fresh open-faced hostess
+with kindly eyes and a pleasant smile, and felt her spirits revive. Was
+she not to rejoin her dear mother? Had she not escaped with her life from
+extreme peril? Was she not going to a place where she would be free from
+pursuit?
+
+She continued her journey with a less anxious heart. The scenery improved,
+the heights were wooded, there were juniper bushes, here and there tufts
+of pale helebore.
+
+Then the litter was borne on to a terrace before a mass of limestone crag
+and forest that rose in the rear. A slave came to the side of the
+palanquin and drew back the curtain. Perpetua saw a bright pretty villa,
+with pillars before it forming a peristyle. On the terrace was a fountain
+plashing in a basin.
+
+"Lady," said the slave, "this is Ad Fines. The master salutes you humbly,
+and requests that you will enter."
+
+"The master? What master?"
+
+"�milius Lentulus Varo."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XIV
+
+                           TO THE LOWEST DEPTH
+
+
+Baudillas found that there were already many in the prison, who had been
+swept together by the mob and the soldiers, either for having refused to
+produce an image, or for having declined to sacrifice. To his no small
+surprise he saw among them the wool-merchant Julius Largus Litomarus. The
+crowd had surrounded his house, and as he had not complied with their
+demands, they had sent him to the duumvir,(6) Petronius Atacinus, who had
+consigned him to prison till, at his leisure, he could investigate the
+charge against him.
+
+The two magistrates who sat in court and gave sentence were Petronius
+Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, and they took it in turns to sit, each
+being the acting magistrate for a month, when he was succeeded by the
+other. Atacinus was a humane man, easy-going, related to the best families
+in the place, and acquainted with such as he was not allied with by blood
+or marriage. His position, in face of the commotion relative to the
+mutilation of the image and the rescue of Perpetua, was not an easy one.
+
+In Rome and in every other important city, the _flamen_, or chief priest,
+occupied a post of considerable importance and influence. He sat in the
+seat at the games and in the theater next to the chief magistrates, and
+took precedence over every other officer in the town. Nemausus had such a
+_flamen_, and he was not only the official religious head in the place,
+but was also the _flamen Augustalis_, the pontiff connected with the
+worship of Augustus, which had become the predominant cult in Narbonese
+Gaul, and also head of the College of the Augustals, that comprised the
+very powerful body of freedmen. The priestess of the divine founder and
+giver of the fountain shared his dignity and authority. Between them they
+could exercise a preponderating power in the town, and it would be in vain
+for Petronius Atacinus, however easy-going he might be, and disinclined to
+shed blood, to pass over what had been done without affording satisfaction
+to the pagan party moved and held together by the priesthood.
+
+Yet the duumvir judged that it would be eminently unadvisable for him to
+proceed with too great severity, and to punish too many persons.
+Christianity had many adherents in the place, and some of these belonged
+to the noble, others to the mercantile, families. The general wish among
+the well-to-do was that there should be no systematic persecution. An
+inquisitorial search after Christians would break up families, rouse angry
+passions, and, above all, disturb business.
+
+Petronius had already resolved on his course. He had used every sort of
+evasion that could be practiced. He had knowingly abstained from enjoining
+on the keepers of the city gates the requisition of a passport from such
+as left the town. The more who fled and concealed themselves, the better
+pleased would he be.
+
+Nevertheless, he had no thought of allowing the mutilation of the statue
+to pass unpunished, and he was resolved on satisfying the priesthood by
+restoring Perpetua to them. If he were obliged to put any to death, he
+would shed the blood only of such as were inconsiderable and friendless.
+
+There was another element that entered into the matter, and which helped
+to render Atacinus inclined to leniency. The C�sar at the time was M.
+Aurelius Antoninus, commonly known as Caracalla. He had been brought up
+from infancy by a Christian nurse, and was thought to harbor a lurking
+regard for the members of the religion of Christ. At any rate, he
+displayed no intolerance towards those who professed it. He was, himself,
+a ferocious tyrant, as capricious as he was cruel. He had murdered his
+brother Geta in a fit of jealousy, and his conscience, tortured by
+remorse, drove him to seek relief by prying into the mysteries of strange
+religions.
+
+The duumvir Atacinus was alive to the inclinations and the temper of the
+prince, and was the more afraid of offending him by persecution of the
+Christians, as the Emperor was about shortly to visit Gaul, and might even
+pass through Nemausus.
+
+If in such a condition of affairs the Christians were exposed to danger,
+it may well be inferred that, where it was less favorable, their situation
+was surrounded with danger. They were at all times liable to fall victims
+to popular tumults, occasioned sometimes by panic produced by an
+earthquake, by resentment at an accidental conflagration which the vulgar
+insisted on referring to the Christians, sometimes by distress at the
+breaking out of an epidemic. On such occasions the unreasoning rabble
+clamored that the gods were incensed at the spread of the new atheism, and
+that the Christians must be cast to the lions.
+
+When Baudillas saw the wool merchant in the prison, he went to him
+immediately. Litomarus was sitting disconsolately on a stone bench with
+his back against the prison wall.
+
+"I did not go to the Agape," said he; "I was afraid to do so. But I might
+as well. The people bellowed under my windows like bulls of Bashan."
+
+"And you did not exhibit an image?"
+
+"No, I could not do that. Then the _viatores_ of the �diles took me in
+charge. I was hustled about, and was dragged off here. My wife fell down
+in a faint. I do not think she will recover the shock. She has been in a
+weak condition ever since the death of our little Cordula. We loved that
+child. We were wrapped up in her. Marcianus said that we made of the
+little creature an earthly idol, and that it was right she should be taken
+away. I do not know. She had such winning ways. One could not help loving
+her. She made such droll remarks, and screwed up her little eyes----"
+
+"But before you were arrested, you thought considerately of Perpetua and
+her mother Quincta."
+
+"I do not understand to what you refer."
+
+"To the sending of litters for them."
+
+"I sent no litters."
+
+"Your slave Tarsius came to my house to announce that you had been pleased
+to remember the ladies there taking refuge, and that you had placed your
+two palanquins at their disposal."
+
+"Tarsius said this?"
+
+"Even Tarsius."
+
+"Tarsius is a slippery rascal. He was very fond of our little Cordula, and
+was wont to carry her on his shoulder, so we have liked him because of
+that. Nevertheless, he is--well, not trustworthy."
+
+"May God avert that a trap has been laid to ensnare the virgin and her
+mother. Tarsius was expelled the Church for inebriety."
+
+"I know nothing about the palanquins. I have but one. After the death of
+little Cordula, I did not care to keep a second. I always carry about with
+me a lock cut from her head after death. It is like floss silk."
+
+The wool merchant was too greatly absorbed in his own troubles to give
+attention to the matter that had been broached by the deacon. Baudillas
+withdrew to another part of the prison in serious concern.
+
+When day broke, Litomarus was released. His brother was a pagan and had
+easily satisfied the magistrate. This brother was in the firm, and
+traveled for it, buying fleeces from the shepherds on the limestone
+plateaux of Niger and Larsacus. He had been away the day before, but on
+his return in the morning, on learning that Julius was arrested, he spoke
+with the duumvir, presented him with a ripe ewe's milk cheese just brought
+by him from Larsacus, and obtained the discharge of Julius without further
+difficulty.
+
+Baudillas remained in prison that morning, and it was not till the
+afternoon that he was conducted into court. By this time the duumvir was
+tired and irritable. The _flamen_ had arrived and had spoken with
+Atacinus, and complained that no example had been made, that the
+Christians were being released, and that, unless some sharp punishments
+were administered, the people, incensed at the leniency that had been
+exhibited, would break out in uproar again. Petronius Atacinus, angry,
+tired out, hungry and peevish, at once sent for the deacon.
+
+The head of the god had been found in his house, and he had been seen
+conveying the rescued virgin from the fountain, and must certainly know
+where she was concealed.
+
+It was noticeable that nothing had been said about the punishing of
+�milius. Even the god, as interpreted by the priestess, had made no demand
+that he should be dealt with; in fact, had not mentioned him. The duumvir
+perfectly understood this reticence. �milius Lentulus belonged to a good
+family in the upper town, and to that most powerful and dreaded of all
+professions--the law. Even the divine founder shrank from attacking a
+member of the long robe, and a citizen of the upper town.
+
+When Baudillas appeared in court, the magistrate demanded an explanation
+of the fact of the broken head being found in his house, and further asked
+of him where Perpetua was concealed.
+
+Baudillas would offer no explanation on the first head; he could not do so
+without incriminating his brother in the ministry. He denied that he had
+committed the act of violence, but not that he knew who had perpetrated
+the outrage. As to where Perpetua was, that he could not say, because he
+did not know. His profession of ignorance was not believed. He was
+threatened with torture, but in vain. Thereupon the duumvir sentenced him
+to be committed to the _robur_, and consigned to the lowest depth thereof,
+there to remain till such time as he chose to reveal the required
+information.
+
+Then Petronius Atacinus turned and looked at the _flamen_ with a smile,
+and the latter responded with a well-satisfied nod.
+
+A Roman prison consisted of several parts, and the degree of severity
+exercised was marked by the portion of the _carcer_ to which the prisoner
+was consigned. Roman law knew nothing of imprisonment for a term as a
+punishment. The _carcer_ was employed either as a place for temporary
+detention till trial, or else it was one for execution.
+
+The most tolerable portion of the jail consisted of the outer court, with
+its cells, and a hall for shelter in cold and wet weather. This was in
+fact the common _atrium_ on an enlarged scale and without its luxuries.
+But there was another part of the prison entitled the _robur_, after the
+Tullian prison at Rome. This consisted of one large vaulted chamber devoid
+of window, accessible only by the door, through the interstices of which
+alone light and air could enter. It derived its name from oak beams
+planted against the walls, to which were attached chains, by means of
+which prisoners were fastened to them. In the center of the floor was a
+round hole, with or without a low breastwork, and this hole communicated
+with an abyss sometimes given the Greek name of _barathrum_, with conical
+dome, the opening being in the center. This pit was deep in mire. Into it
+flowed the sewage of the prison, and the outfall was secured by a
+grating.(7) The title of _barathrum_ sometimes accorded to this lower
+portion of the dungeon was derived from a swamp near Athens, in which
+certain malefactors were smothered.
+
+When Jeremiah was accused before King Zedekiah of inciting the people to
+come to terms with the Chaldeans, he was put into such a place as this.
+
+"Then took they Jeremiah, and cast him into the dungeon of Malchiah, that
+was in the court of the prison, and they let down Jeremiah with cords. And
+in the dungeon there was no water, but mire; so Jeremiah sunk in the
+mire."
+
+When Paul and Silas were at Philippi, they were imprisoned in the superior
+portion of the _robur_, where were the stocks, whereas the other prisoners
+were in the outer portion, that was more comfortable, and where they had
+some freedom of movement.
+
+Baudillas turned gray with horror at the thought of being consigned to the
+awful abyss. His courage failed him and he lost power in his knees, so
+that he was unable to sustain himself, and the jailer's assistants were
+constrained to carry him.
+
+As he was conveyed through the outer court, those who were awaiting their
+trial crowded around him, to clasp and kiss his hand, to encourage him to
+play the man for Christ, and to salute him reverently as a martyr.
+
+"I am no martyr, good brethren," said the deacon in a feeble voice. "I am
+not called to suffer for the faith, I have not been asked to sacrifice; I
+am to be thrown down into the pit, because I cannot reveal what I do not
+know."
+
+One man, turning to his fellow, said, in a low tone: "If I were given my
+choice, I would die by fire rather than linger in the pit."
+
+"Will he die there of starvation?" asked another, "or will he smother in
+the mire?"
+
+"If he be sentenced to be retained there till he tells what he does not
+know, he must die there, it matters not how."
+
+"God deliver me from such a trial of my faith! I might win the crown
+through the sword, but a passage to everlasting life through that foul
+abyss--that would be past endurance."
+
+As Baudillas was supported through the doorway into the inner prison, he
+turned his head and looked at the brilliant sky above the yard wall. Then
+the door was shut and barred behind him. All, however, was not absolutely
+dark, for there was a gap, through which two fingers could be thrust,
+under the door, and the sun lay on the threshold and sent a faint
+reflection through the chamber.
+
+Nevertheless, on entering from the glare of the sun, it seemed to
+Baudillas at first as though he were plunged in darkness, and it was not
+for some moments that he could distinguish the ledge that surrounded the
+well-like opening. The jailer now proceeded to strike a light, and after
+some trouble and curses, as he grazed his knuckles, he succeeded in
+kindling a lamp. He now produced a rope, and made a loop at one end about
+a short crosspole.
+
+"Sit astride on that," said he curtly.
+
+Baudillas complied, and with his hands grasped the cord.
+
+Then slowly he was lowered into the pitch blackness below. Down--down--down
+he descended, till he plashed into the mire.
+
+The jailer holding the lamp, looked down and called to him to release the
+rope. The deacon obeyed. There he stood, looking up, watching the dancing
+pole as it mounted, then saw the spark of the lamp withdrawn; heard the
+retreating steps of the jailer, then a clash like thunder. The door of the
+_robur_ was shut. He was alone at the bottom of this fetid abyss.
+
+Then he said, and tears coursed down his cheeks as he said it: "Thou hast
+laid me in the lowest pit--in the place of darkness and in the grave."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XV
+
+                          "REVEALED UNTO BABES"
+
+
+On account of the death in the family of the timber merchant, �milius left
+the house and took a room and engaged attendance in the cottage of a
+cordwainer a little way off. The house was clean, and the good woman was
+able to cook him a meal not drowned in oil nor rank with garlic.
+
+He was uneasy because Callipodius did not return, and he obtained no
+tidings concerning Perpetua. The image of this maiden, with a face of
+transparent purity, out of which shone the radiance of a beautiful soul,
+haunted his imagination and fluttered his heart. He walked by the side of
+the flooded tract of land, noticed that the water was falling, and looked,
+at every turn he took, in the direction of Nemausus, expecting the arrival
+of his client, but always in vain.
+
+He did at length see a boat approach, towards evening, and he paced the
+little landing-place with quick strides till it ran up against it; and
+then only, to his disappointment, did he see that Callipodius was not
+there. Castor disembarked.
+
+On the strength of his slight acquaintance �milius greeted the bishop. The
+suspense was become unendurable. He asked to be granted a few words in
+private. To this Castor gladly consented.
+
+He, the head of the Christian community, had remained unmolested. He
+belonged to a senatorial family in the town, and had relations among the
+most important officials. The duumvir would undoubtedly leave him alone
+unless absolutely obliged to lay hands on him. Nemausus was divided into
+two towns, the Upper and the Lower, each with its own water-supply, its
+own baths, and each distinct in social composition.
+
+The lower town, the old Gallic city, that venerated the hero-founder of
+the same name as the town, was occupied by the old Volcian population and
+by a vast number of emancipated slaves of every nationality, many engaged
+in trade and very rich. These freedmen were fused into one "order," as it
+was termed, that of the _Liberti_.
+
+The upper town contained the finest houses, and was inhabited by the Roman
+colonists, by some descendants of the first Phocean settlers, and by such
+of the old Gaulish nobility as had most completely identified themselves
+with their conquerors. These had retained their estates and had enriched
+themselves by taking Government contracts.
+
+Such scions of the old Gaulish houses had become fused by marriage and
+community of interest with the families of the first colonists, and they
+affected contempt for the pure-blooded old aristocracy who had sunk into
+poverty and insignificance in their decayed mansions in Lower Nemausus.
+
+Of late years, slowly yet surely, the freedmen who had amassed wealth had
+begun to invade superior Nemausus, had built themselves houses of greater
+magnificence and maintained an ostentatious splendor that excited the envy
+and provoked the resentment of the old senatorial and knightly citizens.
+
+The great natural fountain supplied the lower town with water, but was
+situated at too low a level for the convenience of the gentry of Upper
+Nemausus, who had therefore conveyed the spring water of Ura from a great
+distance by tunneling mountains and bridging valleys, and thus had
+furnished themselves with an unfailing supply of the liquid as necessary
+to a Roman as was the air he breathed. Thus rendered independent of the
+natural fountain at the foot of the rocks in Lower Nemausus, those living
+in the higher town affected the cult of the nymph Ura, and spoke
+disparagingly of the god of the old town; whereas the inferior part of the
+city clung tenaciously to the divine Nemausus, whose basin, full of
+unfailing water, was presented to their very lips and had not to be
+brought to them from a distance by the engineering skill of men and at a
+great cost.
+
+Devotion to the god of the fountain in Lower Nemausus was confined
+entirely to the inhabitants of the old town, and was actually a relic of
+the old Volcian religion before the advent of the colonists, Greek and
+Roman. It had maintained itself and its barbarous sacrifice intact,
+undisturbed.
+
+No victim was exacted from a family of superior Nemausus. The contribution
+was drawn from among the families of the native nobility, and it was on
+this account solely that the continuance of the septennial sacrifice had
+been tolerated.
+
+Already, however, the priesthood was becoming aware that a strong feeling
+was present that was averse to it. The bulk of the well-to-do population
+had no traditional reverence for the Gaulish founder-god, and many openly
+spoke of the devotion of a virgin to death as a rite that deserved to be
+abolished.
+
+From the cordwainer �milius had heard of the mutilation of the statue and
+of the commotion it had caused. This, he conjectured, accounted for the
+delay of Callipodius. It had interfered with his action; he had been
+unable to learn what had become of the damsel, and was waiting till he had
+definite tidings to bring before he returned. �milius was indignant at the
+wanton act of injury done to a beautiful work of art that decorated one of
+the loveliest natural scenes in the world. But this indignation was
+rendered acute by personal feeling. The disturbance caused by the rescue
+of the virgin might easily have been allayed; not so one provoked by such
+an act of sacrilege as the defacing of the image of the divine founder.
+This would exasperate passions and vastly enhance the danger to Perpetua
+and make her escape more difficult.
+
+As �milius walked up from the jetty with the bishop, he inquired of him
+how matters stood with the Christians in the town and received a general
+answer. This did not satisfy the young lawyer, and, as the color suffused
+his face, he asked particularly after Perpetua, daughter of the deceased
+Harpinius L�to.
+
+The bishop turned and fixed his searching eyes on the young man.
+
+"Why make you this inquiry?" he asked.
+
+"Surely," answered �milius, "I may be allowed to feel interest in one whom
+I was the means of rescuing from death. In sooth, I am vastly concerned to
+learn that she is safe. It were indeed untoward if she fell once more into
+the hands of the priesthood or into those of the populace. The ignorant
+would grip as hard as the interested."
+
+"She is not in the power of either," answered Castor. "But where she is,
+that God knows, not I. Her mother is distracted, but we trust the maiden
+has found a refuge among the brethren, and for her security is kept
+closely concealed. The fewer who know where she is the better will it be,
+lest torture be employed to extort the secret. The Lady Quincta believes
+what we have cause to hope and consider probable. This is certain: if she
+had been discovered and given up to the magistrate the fact would be known
+at once to all in the place."
+
+"To break the image of the god was a wicked and a wanton act," said
+�milius irritably. "Is such conduct part of your religion?"
+
+"The act was that of a rash and hot-headed member of our body. It was
+contrary to my will, done without my knowledge, and opposed to the
+teaching of our holy fathers, who have ever dissuaded from such acts. But
+in all bodies of men there are hot-heads and impulsive spirits that will
+not endure control."
+
+"Your own teaching is at fault," said �milius peevishly. "You denounce the
+gods, and yet express regret if one of you put your doctrine in practice."
+
+"If images were ornaments only," said the bishop, "then they would be
+endurable; but when they receive adoration, when libations are poured at
+their feet, then we forbid our brethren to take part in such homage, for
+it is idolatry, a giving to wood and stone the worship due to God alone.
+But we do not approve of insult offered to any man's religion. No," said
+Castor emphatically; "Christianity is not another name for brutality, and
+that is brutality which insults the religious sentiment of the people, who
+may be ignorant but are sincere."
+
+They had reached the rope-walk. The cordwainer was absent.
+
+"Let us take a turn," said the bishop; and then he halted and smiled and
+extended his palm to a little child that ran up to him and put its hand
+within his with innocent confidence.
+
+"This," said Castor, "is the son of the timber merchant." Then to the boy:
+"Little man, walk with us, but do not interrupt our talk. Speak only when
+spoken to." He again addressed the lawyer: "My friend, if I may so call
+thee, thou art vastly distressed at the mutilation of the image. Why so?"
+
+"Because it is a work of art, and that particular statue was the finest
+example of the sculpture of a native artist. It was a gift to his native
+town of the god Marcus Antoninus (the Emperor Antoninus Pius)."
+
+"Sir," said Castor, "you are in the right to be incensed. Now tell me
+this. If the thought of the destruction of a statue made by man and the
+gift of a C�sar rouse indignation in your mind, should you not be more
+moved to see the destruction of living men, as in the shows of the
+arena--the slaughter of men, the work of God's hands?"
+
+"That is for our entertainment," said �milius, yet with hesitation in his
+voice.
+
+"Does that condone the act of the mutilator of the image, that he did it
+out of sport, to amuse a few atheists and the vulgar? See you how from his
+mother's womb the child has been nurtured, how his limbs have grown in
+suppleness and grace and strength; how his intelligence has developed, how
+his faculties have expanded. Who made the babe that has become a man? Who
+protected him from infancy? Who builds up this little tenement of an
+immortal and bright spirit?" He led forward and indicated the child of
+Flavillus. "Was it not God? And for a holiday pastime you send men into
+the arena to be lacerated by wild beasts or butchered by gladiators! Do
+you not suppose that God, the maker of man, must be incensed at this
+wanton destruction of His fairest creation?"
+
+"What you say applies to the tree we fell, to the ox and the sheep we
+slaughter."
+
+"Not so," answered the bishop. "The tree is essential to man. Without it
+he cannot build himself a house nor construct a ship. The use of the tree
+is essential to his progress from barbarism. Nay, even in barbarism he
+requires it to serve him as fuel, and to employ timber demands the fall of
+the tree. As to the beast, man is so constituted by his Creator that he
+needs animal food. Therefore is he justified in slaying beasts for his
+nourishment."
+
+"According to your teaching death sentences are condemned, as also are
+wars."
+
+"Not so. The criminal may forfeit his right to a life which he is given to
+enjoy upon condition that he conduce to the welfare of his fellows. If,
+instead thereof, he be a scourge to mankind, he loses his rights. As to
+the matter of war: we must guard the civilization we have built up by
+centuries of hard labor and study after improvement. We must protect our
+frontiers against the incursions of the barbarians. Unless they be rolled
+back, they will overwhelm us. Self-preservation is an instinct lodged in
+every breast, justifying man in defending his life and his acquisitions."
+
+"Your philosophy is humane."
+
+"It is not a philosophy. It is a revelation."
+
+"In what consists the difference?"
+
+"A philosophy is a groping upwards. A revelation is a light falling from
+above. A philosophy is reached only after the intellect is ripe and
+experienced, attained to when man's mind is fully developed. A revelation
+comes to the child as his mind and conscience are opening and shows him
+his way. Here, little one! stand on that _cippus_ and answer me."
+
+Castor took the child in his arms and lifted him to a marble pedestal.
+
+"Little child," said he, "answer me a few simple questions. Who made you?"
+
+"God," answered the boy readily.
+
+"And why did He make you?"
+
+"To love and serve Him."
+
+"And how can you serve Him?"
+
+"By loving all men."
+
+"What did the Great Master say was the law by which we are to direct our
+lives?"
+
+"'He that loveth God, let him love his brother also.'"
+
+"Little child, what is after death?"
+
+"Eternity."
+
+"And in eternity where will men be?"
+
+"Those that have done good shall be called to life everlasting, and those
+that have done evil will be cast forth into darkness, where is weeping and
+gnashing of teeth."
+
+The bishop took the child from the pedestal, and set him again on the
+ground.
+
+Then, with a smile on his face, he said to �milius, "Do we desire to know
+our way _after_ we have erred or _before_ we start? What was hidden from
+the wise and prudent is revealed unto babes. Where philosophy ends, there
+our religion begins."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XVI
+
+                         DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES
+
+
+�milius paced the rope-walk in deep thought. He did not speak during
+several turns, and the bishop respected his meditation and kept silence as
+well.
+
+Presently the young man burst forth with: "This is fairly put, plausible
+and attractive doctrine. But what we lawyers demand is evidence. When was
+the revelation made? In the reign of the god Tiberius? That was two
+centuries ago. What proof is there that this be not a cleverly elaborated
+philosophy--as you say, a groping upwards--pretending to be, and showing off
+itself as, a lightening downwards?"
+
+"The evidence is manifold," answered Castor. "In the first place, the
+sayings and the acts of the Divine Revealer were recorded by evangelists
+who lived at the time, knew Him, heard Him, or were with those who had
+daily companied with Him."
+
+"Of what value is such evidence when we cannot put the men who gave it in
+the witness-box and cross-question them? I do not say that their evidence
+is naught, but that it is disputable."
+
+"There is other evidence, ever-living, ever-present."
+
+"What is that?"
+
+"Your own reason and conscience. You, �milius Lentulus, have these
+witnesses in yourself. He who made you seated a conscience in your soul to
+show you that there is such a thing as a law of right and wrong, though,
+as far as you know, unwritten. Directly I spoke to you of the _sin_ of
+murdering men to make pastime, your color changed; you _knew_ that I was
+right. Your conscience assented to my words."
+
+"I allow that."
+
+"My friend, let me go further. When your mind is not obscured by passion
+or warped by prejudice, then you perceive that there is a sphere of
+holiness, of virtue, of purity, to which men have not yet attained, and
+which, for all you see, is unattainable situated as you are, but one into
+which, if man could mount, then he would be something nobler than even the
+poets have conceived. You have flashes of summer lightning in your dark
+sky. You reject the monstrous fables of the gods as inconsistent with what
+your reason and conscience tell you comport with divinity. Has any of your
+gods manifested himself and left such a record of his appearance as is
+fairly certain? If he appeared, or was fabled to have appeared, did he
+tell men anything about the nature of God, His will, and the destiny of
+man? A revelation must be in agreement with the highest aspirations of
+man. It must be such as will regulate his life, and conduce to his
+perfection and the advantage of the community. It must be such as will
+supply him with a motive for rejecting what is base, but pleasing to his
+coarse nature, and striving after that which is according to the luminous
+ideal that floats before him. Now the Christian revelation answers these
+conditions, and is therefore probably true. It supplies man with a reason
+why he should contend against all that is gross in his nature; should be
+gentle, courteous, kindly, merciful, pure. It does more. It assures him
+that the Creator made man in order that he might strive after this ideal,
+and in so doing attain to serenity and happiness. No other religion that I
+know of makes such claims; no other professes to have been revealed to man
+as the law of his being by Him who made man. No other is so completely in
+accordance on the one hand with what we conceive is in agreement with the
+nature of God, and on the other so completely accords with our highest
+aspirations."
+
+"I can say nothing to that. I do not know it."
+
+"Yes, you do know it. The babe declared it; gave you the marrow and kernel
+of the gospel: Love God and man."
+
+"To fear God is what I can understand; but to love Him is more than I can
+compass."
+
+"Because you do not know God."
+
+"I do not, indeed."
+
+"God is love."
+
+"A charming sentiment; a rhetorical flourish. What evidence can you adduce
+that God is love?"
+
+"Creation."
+
+"The earth is full of suffering; violence prevails; wrong overmasters
+right. There is more of misery than of happiness, saving only to the rich
+and noble; they are at any rate supposed to be exempt, but, by Hercules,
+they seem to me to be sick of pleasure, and every delight gluts and leaves
+a bad taste in the mouth."
+
+"That is true; but why is there all this wretchedness? Because the world
+is trying to get along without God. Look!" The bishop stooped and took up
+a green-backed beetle. "If I cast this insect into the water it will
+suffer and die. If I fling it into the fire it will writhe and perish in
+agony. Neither water nor fire is the element for which it was created--in
+which to exist and be happy. The divine law is the atmosphere in which man
+is made to live. Because there is deflection from that, and man seeks
+other ends than that for which he was made, therefore comes wretchedness.
+The law of God is the law man must know, and knowing, pursue to be
+perfectly happy and to become a perfect being."
+
+"Now I have you!" exclaimed �milius, with a laugh. "There are no men more
+wretched than Christians who possess, and, I presume, keep this law. They
+abstain from our merry-makings, from the spectacles; they are liable to
+torture and to death."
+
+"We abstain from nothing that is wholesome and partaken in moderation; but
+from drunkenness, surfeiting, and what is repugnant to the clean mind. As
+to the persecution we suffer, the powers of evil rebel against God, and
+stir up bad men to resist the truth. But let me say something further--if I
+do not weary you."
+
+"Not at all; you astonish me too much to weary me."
+
+"You are dropped suddenly--cast up by the sea on a strange shore. You find
+yourself where you have never been before. You know not where to go--how to
+conduct yourself among the natives; what fruits you may eat as wholesome,
+and must reject as poisonous. You do not know what course to pursue to
+reach your home, and fear at every step to get further from it. You cry
+out for a chart to show you where you are, and in what direction you
+should direct your steps. Every child born into this world is in a like
+predicament. It wants a chart, and to know its bearings. This is not the
+case with any animal. Every bird, fish, beast, knows what to do to fulfill
+the objects of its existence. Man alone does not. He has aspirations,
+glimmerings, a law of nature traced, but not filled in. He has lived by
+that natural law--you live under it, and you experience its inadequacy.
+That is why your conscience, all mankind, with inarticulate longing
+desires something further. Now I ask you, as I did once before, is it
+conceivable that the Creator of man, who put in man's heart that
+aspiration, that longing to know the law of his being, without which his
+life is but a miserable shipwreck--is it conceivable that He should
+withhold from him the chart by which he can find his way?"
+
+"You have given me food for thought. Yet, my doubts still remain."
+
+"I cannot give you faith. That lightens down from above. It is the gift of
+God. Follow the law of your conscience and He may grant it you. I cannot
+say when or how, and what means he may employ--but if you are sincere and
+not a trifler with the truth--He will not deny it you. But see--here comes
+some one who desires to speak with you."
+
+�milius looked in the direction indicated, and saw Callipodius coming up
+from the water-side, waving his hand to him. So engrossed had he been in
+conversation with Castor, that he had not observed the arrival of a boat
+at the landing-place.
+
+At once the young lawyer sped to meet his client, manifesting the utmost
+impatience.
+
+"What tidings--what news?" was his breathless question.
+
+"As good as may be," answered Callipodius. "The gods work to fulfill thy
+desire. It is as if thou wert a constraining destiny, or as though it were
+a pleasure to them to satisfy the wishes of their favorite."
+
+"I pray, lay aside this flattery, and speak plain words."
+
+"Resplendent genius that thou art! thou needest no flattery any more than
+the sun requires burnishing."
+
+"Let me entreat--the news!"
+
+"In two words----"
+
+"Confine thyself to two words."
+
+"She is safe."
+
+"Where? How?"
+
+"Now must I relax my tongue. In two words I cannot satisfy thy eagerness."
+
+"Then, Body of Bacchus! go on in thine own fashion."
+
+"The account may be crushed into narrow compass. When I left your radiant
+presence, then I betook myself to the town and found the place in
+turmoil--the statue of the god had been broken, and the deity was braying
+like a washerwoman's jackass. The populace was roused and incensed by the
+outrage, and frightened by the voice of the god. All had quieted down
+previously, but this worked up the people to a condition of frantic rage
+and panic. I hurried about in quest of the Lady Perpetua; and as I learned
+that she had been conveyed from the pool by Baudillas Macer, I went into
+the part of the town where he lives; noble once, now slums. Then, lo! thy
+genius attending and befriending me, whom should I stumble against but a
+fellow named Tarsius, a slave of a wool merchant to whom I owe moneys,
+which I haven't yet paid. I knew the fellow from a gash he had received at
+one time across nose and cheek. He was drunk and angry because he had been
+expelled the Christian society which was holding its orgies. I warrant
+thee I frightened the poor wretch with promises of the little horse, the
+panthers, and the cross, till he became pliant and obliging. Then I wormed
+out of him all I required, and made him my tool to obtain possession of
+the pretty maid. I learned from him that the Lady Quincta and her daughter
+were at the house of Baudillas, afraid to return home because their door
+was observed by some of the Cultores Nemausi. Then I suborned the rascal
+to act a part for me. From thy house I dispatched two litters and
+carriers, and sent that tippling rogue with them to the dwelling of Macer,
+to say that he was commissioned by his master, Litomarus, to conduct them
+to his country house for their security. They walked into the snare like
+fieldfare after juniper berries. Then the porters conveyed the girl to thy
+house."
+
+"To my house!" �milius started.
+
+"Next, she was hurried off as soon as ever the gates were opened, to your
+villa at Ad Fines."
+
+"And she is there now, with her mother?"
+
+"With her mother! I know better than to do that. I bade the porters convey
+the old lady in her palanquin to the goose and truffle market and deposit
+her there. No need to be encumbered with her."
+
+"The Lady Quincta not with her daughter?"
+
+"You were not desirous for further acquaintance with the venerable widow,
+I presume."
+
+"But," said �milius, "this is a grave matter. You have offered, as from
+me, an insult most wounding to a young lady, and to a respectable matron."
+
+"Generous man! how was it possible for me to understand the niceties that
+trouble your perspicuous mind? But be at ease. Serious sickness demands
+strong medicines. Great dangers excuse bold measures. The priestess has
+demanded the restoration of the virgin. The _flamen Augustalis_ is backing
+her up. So are all the _Seviri_. The religious corporation feel touched in
+their credit and insist on the restitution. They will heap on fuel, and
+keep Nemausus in a boil. By no possibility could the damsel have remained
+hidden in the town. I saw that it was imperiously necessary for me to
+remove her. I could think of no other place into which to put her than Ad
+Fines. I managed the matter in admirable fashion; though it is I who say
+it. But really, by Jupiter Capitolinus, I believe that your genius
+attended me, and assisted in the execution of the design, which was
+carried out without a hitch."
+
+�milius knitted his arms behind his back, and took short turns, in great
+perturbation of mind.
+
+"By Hercules!" said he, "you have committed an actionable offense."
+
+"Of course, you look on it from a legal point of view," said Callipodius,
+a little nettled. "I tell you it was a matter of life or death."
+
+"I do not complain of your having conveyed the young lady to Ad Fines, but
+of your not having taken her mother there along with her. You have put me
+in a very awkward predicament."
+
+"How was I to judge that the old woman was to be deported as well?"
+
+"You might have judged that I would cut off my right hand rather than do
+aught that might cause people to speak lightly of Perpetua."
+
+The client shrugged his shoulders. "You seem to breed new scruples."
+
+"I thank you," said �milius, "that you have shown so good a will, and have
+been so successful in your enterprise. I am, perhaps, over hasty and
+exacting. I desired you to do a thing more perfectly than perhaps you were
+able to perform it. Leave me now. I must clear my mind and discover what
+is now to be done."
+
+"There is no pleasing some folk," said Callipodius moodily.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XVII
+
+                                   PEDO
+
+
+Baudillas had been lowered into the pit of the _robur_, and he sank in the
+slime half-way up his calves. He waded with extended arms, groping for
+something to which to cling. He knew not whether the bottom were even, or
+fell into deep holes, into which he might stumble. He knew not whether he
+were in a narrow well or in a spacious chamber.
+
+Cautiously, in obscurity, he groped, uncertain even whether he went
+straight or was describing a curve. But presently he touched the wall and
+immediately discovered a bench, and seated himself thereon. Then he drew
+up his feet out of the mire, and cast himself in a reclining position on
+the stone seat.
+
+He looked up, but could not distinguish the opening by which he had been
+let down into the horrible cess-pit. He was unable to judge to what depth
+he had been lowered, nor could he estimate the extent of the dungeon in
+which he was confined.
+
+The bench on which he reposed was slimy, the walls trickled with moisture,
+were unctuous, and draped with a fungous growth in long folds. The whole
+place was foul and cold.
+
+How long would his confinement last? Would food, pure water be lowered to
+him? Or was he condemned to waste away in this pit, from starvation, or in
+the delirium of famine to roll off from his shelf and smother in the mire?
+
+After a while his eyes became accustomed to the dark and sensitive to the
+smallest gradations in it; and then he became aware of a feeble glowworm
+light over the surface of the ooze at one point. Was it that some fungoid
+growth there was phosphorescent? Or was it that a ray of daylight
+penetrated there by some tortuous course?
+
+After long consideration it seemed to him probable that the light he
+distinguished might enter by a series of reflections through the outfall.
+He thought of examining the opening, but to do so he would be constrained
+to wade. He postponed the exploration till later. Of one thing he was
+confident, that although a little sickly light might be able to struggle
+into this horrible dungeon, yet no means of egress for the person would be
+left. Precautions against escape by this means would certainly have been
+taken.
+
+The time passed heavily. At times Baudillas sank into a condition of
+stupor, then was roused to thought again, again to lapse into a comatose
+condition. His cut lip was sore, his bruises ached. He had passed his
+tongue over his broken teeth till they had fretted his tongue raw.
+
+The feeble light at the surface became fainter, and this was finally
+extinguished. The day was certainly at an end. The sun had set in the
+west, an auroral glow hung over the place of its decline. Stars were
+beginning to twinkle; the syringa was pouring forth its fragrance, the
+flowering thorns their too heavy odor. Dew was falling gently and cool.
+
+The deacon raised his heart to God, and from this terrible pit his prayer
+mounted to heaven; a prayer not for deliverance from death, but for grace
+to endure the last trial, and if again put to the test, to withstand
+temptation. Then he recited the evening prayer of the Church, in Greek: "O
+God, who art without beginning and without end, the Maker of the world by
+Thy Christ, and the sustainer thereof, God and Father, Lord of the spirit,
+King of all things that have reason and life! Thou who hast made the day
+for the works of light, and the night for the refreshment of our
+infirmity, for the day is Thine, the night is Thine: Thou hast prepared
+the light and the sun--do Thou now, O Lord, lover of mankind, fountain of
+all good, mercifully accept this our evening thanksgiving. Thou who hast
+brought us through the length of the day, and hast conducted us to the
+threshold of night, preserve us by Thy Christ, afford us a peaceful
+evening, and a sinless night, and in the end everlasting life by Thy
+Christ, through whom be glory, honor and worship in the Holy Spirit, for
+ever, amen."(8) After this prayer Baudillas had been wont in the church to
+say, "Depart in peace!" and to dismiss the faithful. Now he said, "Into
+Thy hands I commend my spirit."
+
+Out of that fetid abyss and its horrible darkness rose the prayer to God,
+winged with faith, inspired by fervor sweet with humility, higher than the
+soaring lark, higher than the faint cloud that caught the last rays of the
+set sun, higher than the remotest star.
+
+Presently a confused sound from above reached the prisoner, and a spot of
+orange light fell on the water below. Then came a voice ringing hollow
+down the depth, and echoed by the walls, "Thy food!" A slender rope was
+sent down, to which was attached a basket that contained bread and a
+pitcher of water. Baudillas stepped into the ooze and took the loaf and
+the water vessel.
+
+Then the jailer called again: "To-morrow morning--if more be needed--I will
+bring a second supply. Send up the empty jar when I lower that which is
+full, if thou art in a condition to require it." He laughed, and the laugh
+resounded as a bellow in the vaulted chamber.
+
+Few were the words spoken, and they ungracious. Yet was the deacon
+sensible of pleasure at hearing even a jailer's voice breaking the
+dreadful silence. He waded back to his ledge, ate the dry bread and drank
+some of the water. Then he laid himself down again. Again the door
+clashed, sending thunders below, and once more he was alone.
+
+As his hand traveled along the wall it encountered a hard round knot. He
+drew his hand away precipitately, but then, moved by curiosity, groped for
+it again. Then he discovered that this seeming excrescence was a huge
+snail, there hibernating. He dislodged it, threw it from him and it
+plashed into the mire.
+
+Time dragged. Not a sound could be heard save the monotonous drip of some
+leak above. Baudillas counted the falling drops, then wearied of counting,
+and abandoned the self-imposed task.
+
+Now he heard a far-away rushing sound, then came a blast of hot vapor
+blowing in his face. He started into a sitting posture, and clung to his
+bench. In another moment he heard the roar of water that plunged from
+above; and a hot steam enveloped him. What was the signification of this?
+Was the pit to be flooded with scalding water and he drowned in it? In a
+moment he had found the explanation. The water was being let off from the
+public baths. There would be no more bathers this night. The tide of tepid
+water rose nearly level with the ledge on which he was crouching, and then
+ebbed away and rolled forth at the vent through which by day a pale halo
+had entered.
+
+Half suffocated, part stupefied by the warm vapor, Baudillas sank into a
+condition without thought, his eyes looking into the blackness above, his
+ears hearing without noting the dribble from the drain through which the
+flood had spurted. Presently he was roused by a sense of irritation in
+every nerve, and putting his hand to his face plucked away some hundred-
+legged creature, clammy and yet hard, that was creeping over him. It was
+some time before his tingling nerves recovered. Then gradually torpor
+stole over him, and he was perhaps unconscious for a couple of hours, when
+again he was roused by a sharp pain in his finger, and starting, he heard
+a splash, a rush and squeals. At once he knew that a swarm of rats had
+invaded the place. He had been bitten by one; his start had disconcerted
+the creatures momentarily, and they had scampered away.
+
+Baudillas remained motionless, save that he trembled; he was sick at
+heart. In this awful prison he dared not sleep, lest he should be devoured
+alive.
+
+Was this to be his end--to be kept awake by horror of the small foes till
+he could endure the tension no longer, and then sink down in dead
+weariness and blank indifference on his bench, and at once be assailed
+from all sides, to feel the teeth, perhaps to attempt an ineffectual
+battle, then to be overcome and to be picked to his bones?
+
+As he sat still, hardly breathing, he felt the rats again. They were
+rallying, some swimming, some swarming up on to the shelf. They rushed at
+him with the audacity given by hunger, with the confidence of experience,
+and the knowledge of their power when attacking in numbers.
+
+He cried out, beat with his hands, kicked out with his feet, swept his
+assailants off him by the score; yet such as could clung to his garment by
+their teeth and, not discomfited, quickly returned. To escape them he
+leaped into the mire; he plunged this way, then that; he returned to the
+wall; he attempted to scramble up it beyond their reach, but in vain.
+
+Wherever he went, they swam after him. He was unarmed, he could kill none
+of his assailants; if he could but decimate the horde it would be
+something. Then he remembered the pitcher and felt for that. By this time
+he had lost his bearings wholly. He knew not where he had left the vessel.
+But by creeping round the circumference of his prison, he must eventually
+reach the spot where he had previously been seated, and with the
+earthenware vessel he would defend himself as long as he was able.
+
+Whilst thus wading, he was aware of a cold draught blowing in his face,
+and he knew that he had reached the opening of the sewer that served as
+outfall. He stooped and touched stout iron bars forming part of a grating.
+He tested them, and assured himself that they were so thick set that it
+was not possible for him to thrust even his head between them.
+
+All at once the rats ceased to molest him. They had retreated, whither he
+could not guess, and he knew as little why. Possibly, they were shrewd
+enough to know that they had but to exercise patience, and he must
+inevitably fall a prey to their teeth.
+
+Almost immediately, however, he was aware of a little glow, like that of a
+spark, and of a sound of splashing. He was too frightened, too giddy, to
+collect his thoughts, so as to discover whence the light proceeded, and
+what produced the noise.
+
+Clinging to the grating, Baudillas gazed stupidly at the light, that grew
+in brightness, and presently irradiated a face. This he saw, but he was
+uncertain whether he actually did see, or whether he were a prey to an
+illusion.
+
+Then the light flashed over him, and his eyes after a moment recognized
+the face of his old slave, Pedo. A hand on the further side grasped one of
+the stanchions, and the deacon heard the question, "Master, are you safe?"
+
+"Oh, Pedo, how have you come into this place?"
+
+"Hush, master. Speak only in a whisper. I have waded up the sewer
+(_cloaca_), and have brought with me two stout files. Take this one, and
+work at the bar on thy side. I will rasp on the other. In time we shall
+cut through the iron, and then thou wilt be able to escape. When I heard
+whither thou hadst been cast, then I saw my way to making an effort to
+save thee."
+
+"Pedo! I will give thee thy liberty!"
+
+"Master! it is I who must first manumit thee."
+
+Then the slave began to file, and as he filed he muttered, "What is
+liberty to me? At one time, indeed! Ah, at one time, when I was young, and
+so was Blanda! But now I am old and lame. I am well treated by a good
+master. Well, well! Sir! work at the bar where I indicate with my finger.
+That is a transversal stanchion and sustains the others."
+
+Hope of life returned. The heart of Baudillas was no longer chilled with
+fear and his brain stunned with despair. He worked hard, animated by
+eagerness to escape. There was a spring of energy in the little flame of
+the lamp, an inspiring force in the presence of his slave. The bar was
+thick, but happily the moisture of the place and the sour exhalations had
+corroded it, so that thick flakes of rust fell off under the tool.
+
+"Yesterday, nothing could have been done for you, sir," said Pedo, "for
+the inundation was so extensive that the sewer was closed with water that
+had risen a foot above the opening into the river. But, thanks be to God,
+the flood has fallen. Those who know the sky declare that we shall have a
+blast of the _circius_ (the mistral) on us suddenly, and bitter weather.
+The early heat has dissolved the snows over-rapidly and sent the water
+inundating all the low land. Now with cold, the snows will not melt."
+
+"Pedo," said the deacon, "hadst thou not come, the rats would have
+devoured me. They hunted me as a pack of wolves pursue a deer in the
+Cebenn�."
+
+"I heard them, master, as I came up the sewer. There are legions of them.
+But they fear the light, and as long as the lamp burns will keep their
+distance."
+
+"Pedo," whispered Baudillas again, after a pause, whilst both worked at
+the bar. "I know not how it was that when I stood before the duumvir, I
+did not betray my Heavenly Master. I was so frightened. I was as in a
+dream. They may have thought me firm, but I was in reality very weak.
+Another moment, or one more turn of the rack and I would have fallen."
+
+"Master! God's strength is made perfect in weakness."
+
+"Yes, it is so. I myself am a poor nothing. Oh, that I had the manhood of
+Marcianus!"
+
+"Press against the bar, master. With a little force it will yield."
+
+Pedo removed the lamp that he had suspended by a hook from the crossbar.
+Baudillas threw himself with his full weight against the grating, and the
+stanchion did actually snap under the impact, at the place where filed.
+
+"That is well," said the slave. "Thy side of the bar is also nearly rasped
+through. Then we must saw across this upright staff of iron. To my
+thinking it is not fastened below."
+
+"It is not. I have thrust my foot between it and the paving. Methinks it
+ends in a spike and barbs."
+
+"If it please God that we remove the grating, then thou must follow me,
+bending low."
+
+"Is the distance great?"
+
+"Sixty-four paces of thine; of mine, more, as I do but hobble."
+
+"Hah! this is ill-luck."
+
+With the energy of filing, and owing to the loosened condition of the bar,
+the lamp had been displaced, and it fell from where it had been suspended
+and was extinguished in the water.
+
+Both were now plunged in darkness as of Erebus, and were moreover exposed
+to danger from the rats. But perhaps the grating of the files, or the
+whispers of the one man to the other, alarmed the suspicious beasts, and
+they did not venture to approach.
+
+"Press, master! I will pull," said the slave. His voice quivered with
+excitement.
+
+Baudillas applied his shoulder to the grating, and Pedo jerked at it
+sharply.
+
+With a crack it yielded; with a plash it fell into the water.
+
+"Quick, my master--lay hold of my belt and follow. Bow your head low or you
+will strike the roof. We must get forth as speedily as may be."
+
+"Pedo! the jailer said that if alive I was to give a sign on the morrow.
+He believes that during the night I will be devoured by rats, as doubtless
+have been others."
+
+"Those executed in the prison are cast down there."
+
+"Perhaps," said Baudillas, "if he meet with no response in the morning he
+will conclude that I am dead, and I do not think he will care to descend
+and discover whether it be so."
+
+After a short course through the arched passage, both stood upright; they
+were to their breasts in water, but the water was fresh and pure. Above
+their heads was the vault of heaven, not now spangled with stars but
+crossed by scudding drifts of vapor.
+
+Both men scrambled out of the river to the bank, and then Baudillas
+extended his arms, and said, with face turned to the sky:
+
+"I waited patiently for the Lord, and He inclined unto me, and heard my
+calling. He hath brought me also out of the horrible pit, out of the mire
+and clay, and hath set my feet upon the rock. And He hath put a new song
+in my mouth, even a thanksgiving unto our God."(9)
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XVIII
+
+                           IN THE CITRON-HOUSE
+
+
+Perpetua, at Ad Fines, was a prey to unrest. She was in alarm for the
+safety of her mother, and she was disconcerted at having been smuggled off
+to the house of a man who was a stranger, though to him she owed her life.
+
+The villa was in a lovely situation, with a wide outstretch of landscape
+before it to the Rh�ne, and beyond to the blue and cloudlike spurs of the
+Alps; and the garden was in the freshness of its first spring beauty. But
+she was in too great trouble to concern herself about scenery and flowers.
+Her thoughts turned incessantly to her mother. In the embarrassing
+situation in which she was--and one that was liable to become far more
+embarrassing--she needed the support and counsel of her mother.
+
+Far rather would she have been in prison at Nemausus, awaiting a hearing
+before the magistrate, and perhaps condemnation to death, than be as at
+present in a charming country house, attended by obsequious servants,
+provided with every comfort, yet ignorant why she had been brought there,
+and what the trials were to which she would be subjected.
+
+The weather had changed with a suddenness not infrequent in the province.
+The warm days were succeeded by some of raging wind and icy rains. In
+fact, the mistral had begun to blow. As the heated air rose from the stony
+plains, its place was supplied by that which was cold from the snowy
+surfaces of the Alps, and the downrush was like that to which we nowadays
+give the term of blizzard. So violent is the blast on these occasions that
+the tillers of the soil have to hedge round their fields with funereal
+cypresses, to form a living screen against a wind that was said, or
+fabled, to have blown the cow out of one pasture into that of another
+farmer, but which, without fable, was known to upset ricks and carry away
+the roofs of houses.
+
+To a cloudless sky, traversed by a sun of almost summer brilliancy,
+succeeded a heaven dark, iron-gray, with whirling vapors that had no
+contour, and which hung low, trailing their dripping skirts over the
+shivering landscape.
+
+Trees clashed their boughs. The wood behind the villa roared like a
+cataract. In the split ledges and prongs of limestone, among the box-
+bushes and junipers, the wind hissed and screamed. Birds fled for refuge
+to the eaves of houses or to holes in the cliffs. Cattle were brought
+under shelter. Sheep crouched dense packed on the lee side of a stone
+wall. The very ponds and lagoons were whipped and their surfaces flayed by
+the blast. Stones were dislodged on the mountain slopes, and flung down;
+pebbles rolled along the plains, as though lashed forward by whips. The
+penetrating cold necessitated the closing of every shutter, and the
+heating of the hypocaust under the house. In towns, in the houses of the
+better classes, the windows were glazed with thin flakes of mica (_lapis
+specularis_), a transparent stone brought from Spain and Cappadocia, but
+in the country this costly luxury was dispensed with, as the villas were
+occupied only in the heat of summer, when there was no need to exclude the
+air. The window openings were closed with shutters. Rooms were not warmed
+by fireplaces, with wood fires on hearths, but by an arrangement beneath
+the mosaic and cement floor, where a furnace was kindled, and the smoke
+and heated air were carried by numerous pipes up the walls on all sides,
+thus producing a summer heat within when all was winter without.
+
+In the fever of her mind, Perpetua neither felt the asperity of the
+weather nor noticed the comfort of the heated rooms. She was incessantly
+restless, was ever running to the window or the door, as often to be
+disappointed, in anticipation of meeting her mother. She was perplexed as
+to the purpose for which she had been conveyed to Ad Fines. The slave
+woman, Blanda, who attended her, was unable or unwilling to give her
+information. All she pretended to know was that orders had been issued by
+Callipodius, friend and client of �milius Lentulus, her master, that the
+young lady was to be made comfortable, was to be supplied with whatever
+she required, and was on no account to be suffered to leave the grounds.
+The family was strictly enjoined not to mention to any one her presence in
+the villa, under pain of severe chastisement.
+
+Blanda was kind and considerate, and had less of the fawning dog in her
+manner than was customary among slaves. It was never possible, even for
+masters, to trust the word of their servants; consequently Perpetua, who
+knew what slaves were, placed little reliance on the asseverations of
+ignorance that fell from the lips of Blanda. There was, in the
+conversation of Blanda, that which the woman intended to reassure, but
+which actually heightened the uneasiness of the girl--this was the way in
+which the woman harped continually on the good looks, amiability and
+wealth of her master, who, as she insisted, belonged to the Voltinian
+tribe, and was therefore one of the best connected and highest placed in
+the colony.
+
+The knowledge that she had been removed to Ad Fines to insure her safety
+did not satisfy Perpetua; and she was by no means assured that she had
+thus been carried off with the approbation and knowledge of her mother, or
+of the bishop and principal Christians of her acquaintance in Nemausus. Of
+�milius Varo she really knew nothing save that he was a man of pleasure
+and a lawyer.
+
+Adjoining the house was a conservatory. Citron trees and oleanders in
+large green-painted boxes were employed in summer to decorate the terrace
+and gardens. They were allowed to be out in mild winters, but directly the
+mistral began to howl, the men-servants of the house had hurriedly
+conveyed them within doors into the conservatory, as the gale would strip
+them of their fruit, bruise the leaves and injure the flowers.
+
+In her trouble of mind, unable to go abroad in the bitter weather,
+impatient of quiet, Perpetua entered the citron-house and walked among the
+trees in their green tubs, now praying for help, then wiping the drops
+from her eyes and brow.
+
+As she thus paced, she heard a stir in the house, the opening of doors,
+the rush of wind driving through it, the banging of valves and rattle of
+shutters. Then she heard voices, and among them one that was imperious. A
+moment later, Blanda ran to Perpetua, and after making a low obeisance
+said: "The master is come. He desires permission to speak with you, lady,
+when he hath had his bath and hath assumed a change of raiment. For by the
+mother goddesses, no one can be many moments without and not be drenched
+to the bone. And this exhibits the master's regard for thee, lady; his
+extreme devotion to your person and regard for your comfort, that he has
+exposed himself to cold and rain and wind so as to come hither to inquire
+if you are well, and if there be aught you desire that he can perform to
+content you."
+
+What was Perpetua to do? She plucked some citron blossoms in her nervous
+agitation, unknowing what she did, then answered timidly: "I am in the
+house of the noble �milius. Let him speak with me here when it suits his
+convenience. Yet stay, Blanda! Inquire at once, whether he brings me
+tidings of my dear mother."
+
+The slave hasted away, and returned directly to inform Perpetua that her
+master was grieved to relate that he was unable to give her the desired
+information, but that he only awaited instructions from Perpetua to take
+measures to satisfy her.
+
+Then the girl was left alone, and in greater agitation than before. She
+walked among the evergreens, putting the citron flowers to her nose,
+plucking off the leaves, pressing her hand to her brow, and wiping her
+distilling eyes.
+
+The conservatory was unglazed. It was furnished with shutters in which
+were small openings like those in fiddles. Consequently a twilight reigned
+in the place; what light entered was colorless, and without brilliancy.
+Through the openings could be seen the whirling vapors; through them also
+the rain spluttered in, and the wind sighed a plaintive strain, now and
+then rising to a scream.
+
+Perpetua still held the little bunch of citron in her hand; she was as
+unaware that she held it as that she had plucked it. Her mind was
+otherwise engaged, and her nervous fingers must needs clasp something.
+
+As she thus walked, fearing the appearance of �milius, and yet desirous of
+having a term put to her suspense, she heard steps, and in another moment
+the young lawyer stood before her. He bowed with hands extended, and with
+courtly consideration would not draw near. Aware that she was shy or
+frightened, he said: "I have to ask your pardon, young lady, for this
+intrusion on your privacy, above all for your abduction to this house of
+mine. It was done without my having been consulted, but was done with good
+intent, by a friend, to place you out of danger. I had no part in the
+matter; nevertheless I rejoice that my house has had the honor of serving
+you as a refuge from such as seek your destruction."
+
+"I thank you," answered the girl constrainedly. "I owe you a word of
+acknowledgment of my lively gratitude for having rescued me from the
+fountain, and another for affording me shelter here. But if I may be
+allowed to ask a favor, it is that my mother be restored to me, or me to
+my mother."
+
+"Alas, lady," said �milius, "I have no knowledge where she is. I myself
+have been in concealment--for the rabble has been incensed against me for
+what I was privileged to do, at the Nemausean basin, unworthy that I was.
+I have not since ventured into the town; not that I believe the rabble
+would dare attempt violence against me, but I do not think it wise to
+allow them the chance. I sent my good, blundering friend Callipodius to
+inquire what had become of you, as I was anxious lest you should again be
+in peril of your life; and he--Callipodius--seeing what a ferment there was
+in the town, and how determined the priesthood was to get you once more
+into its power, he consulted his mother wit, and had you conveyed to my
+country house. Believe me, lady, he was actuated by a sincere wish to do
+you service. If he had but taken the Lady Quincta away as well, and lodged
+her here along with you, I would not have a word of reproach for him, nor
+entertain a feeling of guilt in your eyes."
+
+"My mother was in the first litter."
+
+"That litter did not pass out of the gates of Nemausus. Callipodius was
+concerned for your safety, as he knew that it was you who were menaced and
+not your mother."
+
+"But it is painful for me to be away from my mother."
+
+"Lady! you are safer separated from her. If she be, as I presume, still in
+the town, then those who pursue you will prowl about where she is, little
+supposing that you are elsewhere, and the secret of your hiding-place
+cannot be wrung from her if she does not herself know it."
+
+"I concern myself little about my life," said Perpetua. "But, to be alone
+here, away from her, from every relation, in a strange house----"
+
+"I know what you would say, or rather what you feel and do not like to
+say. I have a proposal to make to you which will relieve your difficulty
+if it commends itself to you. It will secure your union with your mother,
+and prevent anything being spoken as to your having been concealed here
+that may offend your honorable feelings."
+
+Perpetua said nothing. She plucked at the petals of the citron flower and
+strewed them on the marble pavement.
+
+"You have been brought to this house, and happily none know that you are
+here, save my client, Callipodius, and myself. But what I desire to say is
+this. Give me a right to make this your refuge, and me a right to protect
+you. If I be not distasteful to you, permit this. I place myself
+unreservedly in your hands. I love you, but my respect for you equals my
+love. I am rich and enjoy a good position. I have nothing I can wish for
+but to be authorized by you to be your defender against every enemy. Be my
+wife, and not all the fools and _flamines_ of the province can touch a
+hair of your head."
+
+The tears welled into Perpetua's eyes. She looked at the young man, who
+stood before her with such dignity and gentleness of demeanor. He seemed
+to her to be as noble, as good as a heathen well could be. He felt for her
+delicate position; he had risked his life and fortunes to save her. He had
+roused the powerful religious faction of his native city against him, and
+he was now extending his protection over her against the priesthood and
+the mob of Nemausus.
+
+"I know," pursued �milius, "that I am not worthy of one such as yourself.
+I offer myself because I see no other certain means of making you secure,
+save by your suffering me to be your legitimate defender. If your mother
+will consent, and I am so happy as to have yours, then we will hurry on
+the rites which shall make us one, and not a tongue can stir against you
+and not a hand be lifted to pluck you from my side."
+
+Perpetua dropped the flower, now petalless. She could not speak. He
+respected her emotions, and continued to address her.
+
+"I am confident that I can appease the excitement among the people and the
+priests, and those attached to the worship of the divine ancestor. They
+will not dare to push matters to extremities. The sacrifice has been
+illegal all along, but winked at by the magistrates because a custom
+handed down with the sanction of antiquity. But a resolute protest made--if
+need be an appeal to C�sar--and the priesthood are paralyzed. Consider also
+that as my wife they could no longer demand you. Their hold on you would
+be done for, as none but an unmarried maid may be sacrificed. The very
+utmost they can require in their anger and disappointment will be that you
+should publicly sprinkle a few grains of incense on the altar of
+Nemausus."
+
+"I cannot do that. I am a Christian."
+
+"Believe what you will. Laugh at the gods as do I and many another. A few
+crumbs of frankincense, a little puff of smoke that is soon sped."
+
+"It may not be."
+
+"Remain a Christian, adhere to its philosophy or revelation, as Castor
+calls it. Attend its orgies, and be the protectress of your fellow-
+believers."
+
+"None the less, I cannot do it."
+
+"But why not?"
+
+"I cannot be false to Christ."
+
+"What falsehood is there in this?"
+
+"It is a denial of Him."
+
+"Bah! He died two hundred years ago."
+
+"He lives, He is ever present, He sees and knows all."
+
+"Well, then He will not look harshly on a girl who acts thus to save her
+life."
+
+"I should be false to myself as well as to Him."
+
+"I cannot understand this----"
+
+"No, because you do not know and love Him."
+
+"Love Him!" echoed �milius, "He is dead. You never saw Him at any time. It
+is impossible for any one to love one invisible, unseen, a mere historical
+character. See, we have all over Gallia Narbonensis thousands of
+Augustals; they form a sect, if you will. All their worship is of Augustus
+C�sar, who died before your Christ. Do you suppose that one among those
+thousands loves him whom they worship, and after whom they are named, and
+who is their bond of connection? No--it is impossible. It cannot be."
+
+"But with us, to know is to love. Christ is the power of God, and we love
+Him because He first loved us."
+
+"Riddles, riddles!" said �milius, shaking his head.
+
+"It is a riddle that may be solved to you some day. I would give my life
+that it were."
+
+"You would?"
+
+"Aye, and with joy. You risked your life for me. I would give mine to win
+for you----"
+
+"What?"
+
+"Faith. Having that you would know how to love."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XIX
+
+                                MARCIANUS
+
+
+When the deacon Baudillas and his faithful Pedo emerged from the river,
+and stood on the bank, they were aware how icy was the blast that blew,
+for it pierced their sodden garments and froze the marrow in their bones.
+
+"Master," said Pedo, "this is the beginning of a storm that will last for
+a week; you must get under shelter, and I will give you certain garments I
+have provided and have concealed hard by in a kiln. The gates of the town
+are shut. I have no need to inform you that we are without the city
+walls."
+
+Pedo guided the deacon to the place where he had hidden a bundle of
+garments, and which was not a bowshot distant from the mouth of the sewer.
+The kiln was small; it had happily been in recent use, for it was still
+warm, and the radiation was grateful to Baudillas, whose teeth were
+chattering in his head.
+
+"I have put here bread and meat, and a small skin of wine," said the
+slave. "I advise you, master, to make a meal; you will relish your food
+better here than in the black-hole. Whilst we eat we consume time
+likewise; but the dawn is returning, and with it the gates will be opened
+and we shall slip in among the market people. But, tell me, whither will
+you go?"
+
+"I would desire, were it advisable, to revisit my own house," said the
+deacon doubtfully.
+
+"And I would advise you to keep clear of it," said the slave. "Should the
+jailer discover that you have escaped, then at once search will be made
+for you, and, to a certainty it will begin at your habitation." Then, with
+a dry laugh, he added, "And if it be found that I have assisted in your
+evasion, then there will be one more likely to give sport to the people at
+the forthcoming show. Grant me the wild beasts and not the cross."
+
+"I will not bring thee into danger, faithful friend."
+
+"I cannot run away on my lame legs," said Pedo. "Ah! as to those shows.
+They are to wind up with a water-fight--such is the announcement. There
+will be gladiators from Arelate sent over to contend in boats against a
+fleet of our Nemausean ruffians. On the previous day there will be sport
+with wild beasts. I am told that there have been wolves trapped during the
+winter in the Cebenn�, and sent down here, where they are retained
+fasting. I have heard their howls at night and they have disturbed my
+sleep--their howls and the aches in my thigh. I knew the weather would
+change by the pains in my joint. There is a man named Amphilochius, a
+manumitted slave, who broke into and robbed the villa of the master who
+had freed him. He is a Greek of Iconium, and the public are promised that
+he shall be cast to the beasts; but whether to the panthers, or the
+wolves, or bear, or given to be gored by a bull, that I know not. Then
+there is a taverner from somewhere on the way to Ugernum, who for years
+has murdered such of his guests as he esteemed well furnished with money,
+and has thrown their carcasses into the river. He will fight the beasts.
+There is a bear from Larsacus; but they tell me he is dull, has not yet
+shaken off his winter sleep, and the people fear they will get small
+entertainment out of him."
+
+"You speak of these scenes with relish."
+
+"Ah! master, before I was regenerate I dearly loved the spectacles. But
+the contest with bulls! That discovers the agility of a man. Falerius
+Volupius Servilianus placed rosettes between their horns and gave a prize
+to any who would pluck them away. That was open to be contested for by all
+the youths of Nemausus. There was little danger to life or limb, and it
+taught them to be quick of eye and nimble in movement. But it was because
+none were gored that the spectators wearied of these innocent sports and
+clamored for the butchery of criminals and the contests of gladiators.
+There was a fine Numidian lion brought by a shipmaster to Agatha; a big
+price was asked, and the citizens of Narbo outbid us, so we lost that fine
+fellow."
+
+"Ah, Pedo! please God that none of the brethren be exposed to the beasts."
+
+"I think there will not be many. The Quatuor-viri are slow to condemn, and
+Petronius Atacinus most unwilling of all. There are real criminals in the
+prison sufficient to satisfy an ordinary appetite for blood. But, see! we
+are discussing the amphitheater and not considering whither thou wilt
+betake thyself."
+
+"I have been turning the matter over, and I think that I will go first to
+Marcianus, my brother-deacon, and report myself to be alive and free, that
+he may inform the bishop; and I will take his advice as to my future
+conduct, and where I shall bestow myself."
+
+"He has remained unmolested," said the slave, "and that is to me passing
+strange, for I have been told that certain of the brethren, when
+questioned relative to the mutilation of the statue, have accused him by
+name. Yet, so far, nothing has been done. Yet I think his house is
+watched; I have noticed one Burrhus hanging about it; and Tarsius, they
+say, has turned informer. See, master! the darkness is passing away;
+already there is a wan light in the east."
+
+"Had the mouth of the kiln been turned to the setting in place of the
+rising sun, we should not have felt the wind so greatly. Well, Pedo, we
+will be on the move. Market people from the country will be at the gates.
+I will consult with Marcianus before I do aught."
+
+An hour later, Baudillas and his attendant were at the gate of Augustus,
+and passed in unchallenged. Owing to the furious mistral, accompanied by
+driving rain, the guards muffled themselves in their cloaks and paid
+little attention to the peasants bringing in their poultry, fish and
+vegetables for sale. The deacon and his slave entered unnoticed along with
+a party of these. In the street leading to the forum was a knot of people
+about an angry potter whose stall had been blown over by the wind. He had
+set boards on trestles, and laid out basins, pitchers, lamps, urns on the
+planks; over all he had stretched sail-cloth. The wind had caught the
+awning and beaten it down, upsetting and crushing his ware. The potter was
+swearing that he was ruined, and that his disaster was due to the
+Christians, who had exasperated the gods by their crimes and impieties.
+
+Some looking on laughed and asked, shouting, whether the gods did not blow
+as strong blasts out of their lungs every year about the same time, and
+whether they did so because annually insulted.
+
+"But they don't break my crocks," stormed the potter.
+
+"Charge double for what remain unfractured," joked an onlooker.
+
+"Come, master," said Pedo, plucking Baudillas by the sleeve. "If that
+angry fellow recognize you, you are lost. Hold my cloak and turn down the
+lane, then we are at the _posticum_, at the back of the house. I know some
+of the family, and they will admit us."
+
+Near by was a shop for flowers. Over the shop front was the inscription,
+"Non vendo nisi amantibus coronas" ("I sell garlands to lovers only").(10)
+The woman in charge of the bunches and crowns of spring flowers looked
+questioningly at Baudillas. Her wares were such as invited only when the
+sun shone. The poor flowers had a draggled and desponding appearance. No
+lovers came to buy in the bitter mistral.
+
+"Come, master, we shall be recognized," said Pedo.
+
+In another moment they had passed out of the huffle of the wind and the
+drift of the rain into the shelter and warmth of a dwelling.
+
+Pedo bade a slave go to Marcianus and tell the deacon that someone below
+desired a word with him. Almost immediately the man returned with orders
+to conduct the visitor to the presence of the master.
+
+Baudillas was led along a narrow passage into a chamber in the inner part
+of the house, away from the apartments for the reception of guests.
+
+The room was warmed. It was small, and had a glazed window; that is to
+say, the opening was closed by a sheet of stalagmite from one of the caves
+of Larsacus, cut thin.
+
+In this chamber, seated on an easy couch, with a roll in his hand, which
+he was studying, was Marcianus. His countenance was hard and haughty.
+
+"You!" he exclaimed, starting with surprise. "What brings you here? I
+heard that you had been before the magistrate and had confessed. But, bah!
+of such as you martyrs are not made. You have betrayed us and got off
+clear yourself."
+
+"You mistake, brother," answered Baudillas, modestly. "In one thing are
+you right--I am not of the stuff out of which martyrs and confessors are
+fashioned. But I betrayed no one. Not that there is any merit due to me
+for that. I was in such a dire and paralyzing fright that I could not
+speak."
+
+"How then come you here?"
+
+"As we read that the Lord sent His angel to deliver Peter from prison, so
+has it been with me."
+
+"You lie!" said Marcianus angrily. "No miracle was wrought for you--for
+such as you who shiver and quake and lose power of speech! Bah! Come, give
+me a more rational explanation of your escape."
+
+"My slave was the angel who delivered me."
+
+"So you ran away! Could not endure martyrdom, saw the crown shining, and
+turned tail and used your legs. I can well believe it. Coward! Unworthy of
+the name of a Christian, undeserving of the cross marked on thy brow,
+unbecoming of the ministry."
+
+"I know that surely enough," said Baudillas; "I am of timorous stuff, and
+from childhood feared pain. But I have not denied Christ."
+
+"What has brought you here?" asked Marcianus curtly.
+
+"I have come to thee for counsel."
+
+"The counsel I give thou wilt not take. What saith the Scripture: 'He that
+putteth his hand to the plough and turneth back is not fit for the kingdom
+of God.' Thou wast called to a glorious confession, and looked back and
+ran away."
+
+"And thy counsel?"
+
+"Return and surrender, and win the crown and palm. But it is waste of
+breath to say such words to thee. I know thee. Wast thou subjected to
+torture?"
+
+"No, brother."
+
+"No; not the rack, nor the torches, nor the hooks, nor the thumbscrews.
+Oh, none of these!"
+
+"No, brother. It is true, I was scarce tried at all. Indeed, it was good
+luck--God forgive me!--it was through His mercy that I was saved from
+denying the faith. I was not even asked to sacrifice."
+
+"Well; go thy ways. I cannot advise thee."
+
+"Stay," said Baudillas. "I saw in the outer prison some of the faithful,
+but was in too great fear to recognize any. Who have been taken?"
+
+"The last secured has been the widow Quincta. The pontiff and the _flamen_
+Augustalis and the priestess of Nemausus swear that she shall be put on
+the rack and tortured till she reveals where her daughter is concealed,
+and that amiable drone, the acting magistrate, has given consent. Dost
+thou know where the damsel Perpetua is concealed?"
+
+"Indeed, Marcianus, I know not. But tell me: hast thou not been inquired
+for? I have been told how that some have accused thee."
+
+"Me! Who said that?"
+
+Marcianus started, and his face worked. "Bah! they dare not touch me. I
+belong to the Falerii; we have had magistrates in our family, and one
+clothed with the pro-consulship. They will not venture to lay hands on
+me."
+
+"But what if they know, and it is known through the town, that it was thou
+who didst mutilate the statue of the founder?"
+
+"They do not know it."
+
+"Nay, thou deceivest thyself. It is known. Some of those who were at the
+Agape have spoken."
+
+"It was thou--dog that thou art!"
+
+"Nay, it was not I."
+
+Marcianus rose and strode up and down the room, biting his nails. Then,
+contemptuously, he said: "My family will stand between me and mob or
+magistrate. I fear not. But get thee gone. Thou compromisest me by thy
+presence, thou runagate and jail-breaker."
+
+"I came here but to notify my escape and to ask counsel of thee."
+
+"Get thee gone. Fly out of Nemausus, or thy chattering tongue will be set
+going and reveal everything that ought to be kept secret." Then taking a
+turn he added to himself, "I belong to the Falerii."
+
+Baudillas left; and, as he went from the door, Pedo whispered in his ear:
+"Let us escape to Ad Fines. We can do so in this detestable weather. I
+have an old friend there, named Blanda. In my youth I loved--ah! welladay!
+that was long ago--and we were the chattels of different masters, so it
+came to naught. She is still a slave, but she may be able to assist us. I
+can be sure of that; for the remembrance of our old affection, she will do
+what lies in her power to secrete us."
+
+He suddenly checked himself, plucked the deacon back, and drew him against
+the wall.
+
+An �dile, attended by a body of the city police, armed like soldiers,
+advanced and silently surrounded the house of Marcianus.
+
+Then the officer struck the door thrice, and called: "By the authority of
+Petronius Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, Quatuor-viri juridicundo, and in
+the name of the Imperator C�sar Augustus, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, I
+arrest Cneius Falerius Marcianus, on the atrocious charge of sacrilege."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XX
+
+                             IN THE BASILICA
+
+
+The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in
+the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected
+by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous
+maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the C�sars. Of this
+magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the
+frieze in the museum.
+
+When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a
+case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum. But this was impossible
+to-day, in the howling wind and lashing rain. The court itself was
+comparatively deserted. A very few had assembled to hear the trials. None
+who had a warmed home that day left it uncalled for. Some market women set
+their baskets in the doorway and stepped inside, but it was rather because
+they were wet and out of breath than because they were interested in the
+proceedings. Beside the magistrate sat the chief _pontifex_ who was also
+Augustal _flamen_. Of _pontifices_ there were three in the city, but one
+of these was a woman, the priestess of Nemausus.
+
+Throughout the south of Gaul the worship of Augustus had become
+predominant, and had displaced most of the ancestral cults. The temples
+dedicated to Augustus exceeded in richness all others, and were crowded
+when the rest were deserted.
+
+Jupiter was only not forgotten because he had borrowed some of the
+attributes of the Gallic solar deity, and he flourished the golden wheel
+in one hand and brandished the lightnings in the other. Juno had lent her
+name to a whole series of familiar spirits of the mountains and of the
+household, closely allied to the _Proxumes_, a set of domestic Brownies or
+Kobolds, who were chiefly adored and propitiated by the women, and who had
+no other temple than the hearth. At Tarasconum, the Phoenician goddess
+Britomartis reigned supreme, and her worship was stimulated by a grand
+annual procession and dramatic representation of her conquest over a
+dragon. At Nemausus the corresponding god of war was called Mars
+Britovius. But the Volc� Arecomici were a peaceably-disposed people, and
+paid little devotion to the god of battles. The cult of the founder
+Nemausus did not flag, but that of Augustus was in the ascendant. All the
+freedmen were united in one great sodality under his invocation, and this
+guild represented an important political factor in the land. It had its
+religious officers, its _flamines_ and _seviri_, attended by lictors, and
+the latter had charge of all the altars at the crossroads, and sat next to
+the civic functionaries in the courts, at banquets, in the theater. Rich
+citizens bequeathed large sums to the town and to the sodalities to be
+expended in public feasts, in largesses, and in gladiatorial shows. The
+charge of these bequests, as also their distribution, was in the hands of
+the _flamines_ and _seviri_. The priesthood was, therefore, provided with
+the most powerful of all means for gaining and moving the multitude, which
+desired nothing better than bread and games.
+
+"Have that door shut!" called the magistrate. "It bangs in this evil wind,
+and I cannot even hear what my excellent friend Lucius Smerius is saying
+in my ear; how then can I catch what is said in court?" Then, turning to
+the pontiff, he said: "I detest this weather. Last year, about this time,
+I was struck with an evil blast, and lost all sense of smell and taste for
+nine months. I had pains in my loins and an ache in all my bones. I doubt
+if even the jests of Baubo could have made me laugh; I was in lower dumps
+than even Ceres. Even now, when seated far too long in this marble chair,
+I get an ache across my back that assures me I am no longer young. But I
+could endure that if my sense of taste had been fully restored. I do not
+relish good wine as of old, and that is piteous, and I really at times
+think of suicide."
+
+"It was the work of enchantment," said the pontiff. "These Christians, in
+their orgies, stick pins into images to produce pains in those the figures
+represent."
+
+"How do you know this? Have you been initiated into their mysteries?"
+
+"I----! The Immortals preserve me therefrom."
+
+"Then, by Pluto, you speak what you have heard of the gossips--old wives'
+babble. I will tell you what my opinion is, Smerius. If you were to thrust
+your nose into the mysteries of the Bona Dea you would find--what? No more
+than did Clodius--nothing at all. My wife, she attends them, and comes home
+with her noddle full of all the tittle-tattle of Nemausus. It is so with
+the Christian orgies. I would not give a snap of the fingers for all the
+secrets confided to the initiated--neither in Eleusis nor in the Serapium,
+nor among the Christians."
+
+"These men are not like others; they are unsociable, brutish, arrogant."
+
+"Unsociable I allow. Brutish! The word is inapt; for, on the contrary, I
+find them very simple, soft-headed, pulp-hearted folk. They abstain from
+all that is boisterous and cruel. Arrogant they may be. There I am at one
+with you. 'Live and let live' is my maxim. We have a score of gods, home
+made and foreign, and they all rub and tumble together without squabbling.
+Of late we have had Madame Isis over from Egypt, and the White Ladies,(11)
+and the Proxumes, Victoria Augusta, Venus, and Minerva, make room for her
+without even a frown on their divine faces. And imperial Rome sanctions
+all these devotions. Why, did not the god Augustus build a temple here to
+Nemausus and pay him divine honors, though he had never heard him named
+before? Now this Christian sect is exclusive. It will suffer no gods to
+stand beside Him whom they adore. He must reign alone. That I call
+illiberal, narrow-minded, against the spirit of the age and the principle
+of Roman policy. That is the reason why I dislike these Christians."
+
+"Here come the prisoners. My good friend, do not be too easy with them. It
+will not do. The temper of the people is up. The sodality of Augustus
+swear that they will not decree you a statue, and will oppose your
+nomination to the knighthood. They have joined hands with the Cultores
+Nemausi, and insist that proper retribution be administered to the
+transgressors, and that the girl be surrendered."
+
+"It shall be done; it shall be so," said the Quatuorvir. Then, raising his
+hand to his mouth, and speaking behind it--not that in the roar of the wind
+such a precaution was necessary--he said to the pontiff: "My dear man, a
+magistrate has other matters to consider than pleasing the clubs. There is
+the prince over all, and he is on the way to Narbonese Gaul. It is
+whispered that he is favorably disposed towards this Nazarene sect."
+
+"The Augustus would not desire to have the laws set at naught, and the
+sodalities are rich enough to pay to get access to him and make their
+complaint."
+
+"Well, well, well! I cannot please all. I have to steer my course among
+shoals and rocks. Keep the question of Christianity in the background and
+charge on other grounds. That is my line. I will do my best to please all
+parties. We must have sport for the games. The rabble desire to have some
+one punished for spoiling their pet image. But, by the Twins, could not
+the poor god hold his own head on his shoulders? If he had been worth an
+as, he would have done so. But there, I nettle you. You shall be satisfied
+along with the rest. Bring up the prisoners: Quincta, widow of Aulus
+Harpinius L�to, first of all."
+
+The mother of Perpetua was led forward in a condition of terror that
+rendered her almost unconscious, and unable to sustain herself.
+
+"Quincta," said the magistrate, "have no fear for yourself. I have no
+desire to deal sharply with you; if you will inform us where is your
+daughter, you shall be dismissed forthwith."
+
+"I do not know----" The poor woman could say no more.
+
+"Give her a seat," ordered Petronius. Then to the prisoner: "Compose
+yourself. No doubt that, as a mother, you desire to screen your daughter,
+supposing that her life is menaced. No such thing, madame. I have spoken
+with the priestess, and with my good friend here, Lucius Smerius, chief
+pontiff, Augustal _flamen_, and public haruspex." He bowed to the priest
+at his side. "I am assured that the god, when he spoke, made no demand for
+a sacrifice. That is commuted. All he desires is that the young virgin
+should pass into his service, and be numbered among his priestesses."
+
+"She will not consent," gasped Quincta.
+
+"I hardly need to point out the honor and advantage offered her. The
+priestesses enjoy great favor with the people, have seats of honor at the
+theater, take a high position in all public ceremonies, and are maintained
+by rich endowments."
+
+"She will never consent," repeated the mother.
+
+"Of that we shall judge for ourselves. Where is the girl?"
+
+"I do not know."
+
+"How so?"
+
+"She has been carried away from me; I know not whither."
+
+"When the old ewe baas the lamb will bleat," said the Quatuorvir. "We
+shall find the means to make you produce her. Lady Quincta, my duty
+compels me to send you back to prison. You shall be allowed two days'
+respite. Unless, by the end of that time, you are able and willing to give
+us the requisite information, you will be put to the question, and I doubt
+not that a turn of the rack will refresh your memory and relax your
+tongue."
+
+"I cannot tell what I do not know."
+
+"Remove the woman."
+
+The magistrate leaned back, and turning his head to the pontiff, said:
+"Did not your worthy father, Spurius, die of a surfeit of octopus? I had a
+supper off the legs last night, and they made me sleep badly; they are no
+better than marine leather." Then to the _vigiles_: "Bring forward
+Falerius Marcianus."
+
+The deacon was conducted before the magistrate. He was pale, and his lips
+ashen and compressed. His dark eyes turned in every direction. He was
+looking for kinsmen and patron.
+
+"You are charged, Falerius, with having broken the image of the god whom
+Nemausus delights to honor, and who is the reputed founder of the city.
+You conveyed his head to the house of Baudillas, and several witnesses
+have deposed that you made boast that you had committed the sacrilegious
+act of defacing the statue. What answer make you to this?"
+
+Marcianus replied in a low voice.
+
+"Speak up," said the magistrate; "I cannot hear thee, the wind blusters
+and bellows so loud." Aside to the pontiff Smerius he added: "And ever
+since that evil blast you wot of, I have suffered from a singing in my
+ears."
+
+"I did it," said the deacon. Again he looked about him, but saw none to
+support him.
+
+"Then," said the magistrate, "we shall at once conclude this matter. The
+outrage is too gross to be condoned or lightly punished. Even thy friends
+and kinsfolk have not appeared to speak for thee. Thy family has been one
+of dignity and authority in Nemausus. There have been members who have
+been clothed with the Quatuorvirate _de aerario_ and have been accorded
+the use of a horse at public charge. Several have been decurions wearing
+the white toga and the purple stripe. This aggravates the impiety of your
+act. I sentence Cneius Falerius Marcianus, son of Marius Audolatius, of
+the Voltinian tribe, to be thrown to the beasts in the approaching show,
+and that his goods be confiscated, and that out of his property
+restitution be made, by which a new statue to the god Nemausus be
+provided, to be set up in the place of that injured by the same Cneius
+Falerius Marcianus."
+
+The deacon made an attempt to speak. He seemed overwhelmed with
+astonishment and dismay at the sentence, so utterly unexpected in its
+severity. He gesticulated and cried out, but the Quatuorvir was cold and
+weary. He had pronounced a sentence that would startle all the town, and
+he thought he had done enough.
+
+"Remove him at once," said he.
+
+Then Petronius turned to the pontiff and said: "Now, my Smerius, what say
+you to this? Will not this content you and all the noisy rag-tag at your
+back?"
+
+Next he commanded the rest of the prisoners to be brought forward
+together. This was a mixed number of poor persons, some women, some old
+men, boys, slaves and freedmen; none belonged to the upper class or even
+to that of the manufacturers and tradesmen.
+
+"You are all dismissed," said the magistrate. "The imprisonment you have
+undergone will serve as a warning to you not to associate with image-
+breakers, not to enter into sodalities which have not received the
+sanction of C�sar, and which are not compatible with the well-being and
+quiet of the city and are an element of disturbance in the empire. Let us
+hear no more of this pestilent nonsense. Go--worship what god ye will--only
+not Christos."
+
+Then the lictors gathered around the Quatuorvir and the pontiff, who also
+rose, and extended his hand to assist the magistrate, who made wry faces
+as rheumatic twinges nipped his back.
+
+"Come with me, Smerius," said the Quatuorvir, "I have done the best for
+you that lay in my power. I hate unnecessary harshness. But this fellow,
+Falerius Marcianus, has deserved the worst. If the old woman be put on the
+rack and squeak out, and Marcianus be devoured by beasts, the people will
+have their amusement, and none can say that I have acted with excessive
+rigor--and, my dear man--not a word has been said about Christianity. The
+cases have been tried on other counts, do you see?" he winked. "Will you
+breakfast with me? There are mullets from the Satera, stewed in white
+wine--confound those octopi!--I feel them still."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XXI
+
+                              A MANUMISSION
+
+
+"Blanda, what shall I do?"
+
+�milius had withdrawn immediately after the interview in the citron-house,
+and Perpetua was left a prey to even greater distress of mind than before.
+
+Accustomed to lean on her mother, she was now without support. She drew
+towards the female slave, who had a patient, gentle face, marked with
+suffering.
+
+"Blanda, what shall I do?"
+
+"Mistress, how can I advise? If you had been graciously pleased to take
+counsel of my master, he would have instructed you."
+
+"Alack! what I desire is to find my mother. If, as I suppose, she is in
+concealment in Nemausus, he will be unable to discover her. No clue will
+be put into his hand. He will be regarded with suspicion. He will search;
+I do not doubt his good will, but he will not find. Those who know where
+my mother is will look on him with suspicion. O Blanda, is there none in
+this house who believes, whom I could send to some of the Church?"
+
+"Lady," answered the slave, "there be no Christians here. There is a Jew,
+but he entertains a deadly hate of such as profess to belong to this sect.
+To the rest one religion is as indifferent as another. Some swear by the
+White Ladies, some by Serapis, and there is one who talks much of Mithras,
+but who this god is I know not."
+
+"If I am to obtain information it must be through some one who is to be
+trusted."
+
+"Lady," said the woman-slave, "the master has given strict orders that
+none shall speak of you as having found a shelter here. Yet when slaves
+get together, by the Juno of the oaks, I believe men chatter and are
+greater magpies than we women; their tongues run away with them,
+especially when they taste wine. If one of the family were sent on this
+commission into the town, ten _sesterces_ to an _as_, he would tell that
+you are here, and would return as owlish and ignorant as when he went
+forth. Men's minds are cudgels, not awls. If thou desirest to find out a
+thing, trust a woman, not a man."
+
+"I cannot rest till I have news."
+
+"There has been a great search made after Christians, and doubtless she
+is, as thou sayest, in concealment, surely among friends. Have patience."
+
+"But, Blanda, she is in an agony of mind as to what has become of me."
+
+The slave-woman considered for awhile, and then said:
+
+"There is a man who might help; he certainly can be relied on. He is of
+the strange sect I know, and he would do anything for me, and would betray
+no secrets."
+
+"Who is that?"
+
+"His name is Pedo, and he is the slave to Baudillas Macer, son of Carisius
+Adgonna, who has a house in the lower town."
+
+"O Blanda!" exclaimed Perpetua, "it was from the house of Baudillas that I
+was enticed away." Then, after some hesitation, she added: "That house, I
+believe, was invaded by the mob; but I think my mother had first escaped."
+
+"Lady, I have heard that Baudillas has been taken before the magistrate,
+and has been cast into the _robur_, because that in his house was found
+the head of the god; and it was supposed that he was guilty of the
+sacrilege, either directly or indirectly. He that harbors a thief is
+guilty as the thief. I heard that yesterday. No news has since been
+received. I mistrust my power of reaching the town, of standing against
+the gale. Moreover, as the master has been imprisoned, it is not likely
+that the slave will be in the empty house. Yet, if thou wilt tarry till
+the gale be somewhat abated and the rain cease to fall in such a rush, I
+will do my utmost to assist thee. I will go to the town myself, and
+communicate with Pedo, if I can find him. He will trust me, poor fellow!"
+
+"I cannot require thee to go forth in this furious wind," said Perpetua.
+
+"And, lady, thou must answer to my master for me. Say that I went at thine
+express commands; otherwise I shall be badly beaten."
+
+"Is thy master so harsh?"
+
+"Oh, I am a slave. Who thinks of a slave any more than of an ass or a
+lapdog? It was through a severe scourging with the cat that I was brought
+to know Pedo."
+
+"Tell me, how was that?"
+
+"Does my lady care for matters that affect her slave?"
+
+"Nay, good Blanda, we Christians know no difference between bond and free.
+All are the children of one God, who made man. Our master, though Lord of
+all, made Himself of no reputation, but took on Him the form of a servant;
+and was made subject for us."
+
+"That is just how Pedo talks. We slaves have our notions of freedom and
+equality, and there is much tall talk in the servants' hall on the rights
+of man. But I never heard of a master or mistress holding such opinions."
+
+"Nevertheless this doctrine is a principle of our religion. Listen to
+this; the words are those of one of our great teachers: 'There is neither
+Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor
+female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.'"
+
+"Was he a slave who said that?"
+
+"No; he was a Roman citizen."
+
+"That I cannot understand. Yet perhaps he spoke it at an election time, or
+when he was an advocate in the forum. It was a sentiment; very fine,
+smartly put, but not to be practiced."
+
+"There, Blanda, you are wrong. We Christians do act upon this principle,
+and it forms a bond of union between us."
+
+"Well, I understand it not. I have heard the slaves declaim among
+themselves, saying that they were as good as, nay, better than, their
+masters; but they never whispered such a thought where were their masters'
+ears, or they would have been soundly whipped. In the forum, when lawyers
+harangue, they say fine things of this sort; and when candidates are
+standing for election, either as a sevir or as a quatuorvir, all sorts of
+fine words fly about, and magnificent promises are made, but they are
+intended only to tickle ears and secure votes. None believe in them save
+the vastly ignorant and the very fools."
+
+"Come, tell me about thyself and Pedo."
+
+"Ah, lady, that was many years ago. I was then in the household of Helvia
+Secundilla, wife of Calvius Naso. On one occasion, because I had not
+brought her May-dew wherewith to bathe her face to remove sun-spots, she
+had me cruelly beaten. There were knucklebones knotted in the cat
+wherewith I was beaten. Thirty-nine lashes I received. I could not collect
+May-dew, for the sky was overcast and the herb was dry. But she regarded
+not my excuse. Tullia, my fellow-slave, was more sly. She filled a flask
+at a spring and pretended that she had gathered it off the grass, and that
+her fraud might not be detected, she egged her mistress on against me. I
+was chastised till my back was raw."
+
+"Poor Blanda!"
+
+"Aye, my back was one bleeding wound, and yet I was compelled to put on my
+garment and go forth again after May-dew. It was then that I encountered
+Pedo. I was in such pain that I walked sobbing, and my tears fell on the
+arid grass. He came to me, moved by compassion, and spoke kindly, and my
+heart opened, and I told him all. Then he gave me a flask filled with a
+water in which elder flowers had been steeped, and bade me wash my back
+therewith."
+
+"And it healed thee?"
+
+"It soothed the fever of my blood and the anguish of my wounds. They
+closed, and in a few days were cicatriced. But Pedo had been fellow-slave
+with a Jewish physician, and from him had learned the use of simples. My
+mistress found no advantage from the spring-water brought her as May-dew.
+Then I offered her some of the decoction given me by Pedo, and that had a
+marvelous effect on her freckles. Afterwards her treatment of me was
+kinder, and it was Tullia who received the whippings."
+
+"And did you see more of Pedo?"
+
+Blanda colored.
+
+"Mistress, that was the beginning of our acquaintance. He was with a good
+master, Baudillas Macer, who, he said, would manumit him at any time. But,
+alas! what would that avail me? I remained in bondage. Ah, lady, Pedo
+regarded me with tenderness, and, indeed, I could have been happy with
+none other but him."
+
+"He is old and lame."
+
+"Ah, lady, I think the way he moves on his lame hip quite beautiful. I do
+not admire legs when one is of the same length as another--it gives a stiff
+uniformity not to my taste."
+
+"And he is old?"
+
+"Ripe, lady--full ripe as a fig in August. Sour fruit are unpleasant to
+eat. Young men are prigs and think too much of themselves."
+
+"How long ago was it that this acquaintance began?"
+
+"Five and twenty years. I trusted, when my master, Calvius Naso--he was so
+called because he really had a long nose, and my mistress was wont to
+tweak it--but there! I wander. I did think that he would have given me my
+freedom. In his illness I attended to him daily, nightly. I did not sleep,
+I was ever on the watch for him. As to my mistress, she was at her
+looking-glass, and using depilatory fluid on some hairs upon her chin,
+expecting shortly to be a widow. She did not concern herself about the
+master. He died, but left money only for the erection of a statue in the
+forum. Me he utterly forgot. Then my mistress sold me to the father of my
+present master. When he died also he manumitted eight slaves, but they
+were all men. His monument stands beside the road to Tolosa, with eight
+Phrygian caps sculptured on it, to represent the manumissions; but me--he
+forgot."
+
+"Then, for all these five and twenty years you have cared for Pedo and
+desired to be united to him!"
+
+"Yes, I longed for it greatly for twenty years, and so did he, poor
+fellow; but, after that, hope died. I have now no hope, no joy in life, no
+expectation of aught. Presently will come death, and death ends all."
+
+"No, Blanda; that is not what we hold. We look for eternal life."
+
+"For masters, not for slaves."
+
+"For slaves as well as masters, and then God will wipe away all tears from
+our eyes."
+
+"Alack, mistress. The power to hope is gone from me. In a wet season, when
+there is little sun, then the fruit mildews on the tree and drops off.
+When we were young we put forth the young fruit of hopes; but there has
+been no sun. They fall off, and the tree can bear no more."
+
+"Blanda, if ever I have the power----"
+
+"Oh, mistress, with my master you can do anything."
+
+"Blanda, I do not know that I can ask him for this--thy freedom. But, if
+the opportunity offers, I certainly will not forget thee."
+
+A slave appeared at the door and signed to Blanda, who, with an obeisance,
+asked leave to depart. The leave was given, and she left the room.
+
+Presently she returned in great excitement, followed by Baudillas and
+Pedo, both drenched with rain and battered by the gale.
+
+Perpetua uttered an exclamation of delight, and rushed to the deacon with
+extended arms.
+
+"I pray, I pray, give me some news of my mother."
+
+But he drew back likewise surprised, and replied with another question:
+
+"The Lady Perpetua! And how come you to be here?"
+
+"That I will tell later," answered the girl. "Now inform me as to my
+mother."
+
+"Alas!" replied Baudillas, wiping the rain from his face, "the news is
+sad. She has been taken before Petronius, and has been consigned to
+prison."
+
+"My mother is in prison!"
+
+The deacon desired to say no more, but he was awkward at disguising his
+unwillingness to speak the whole truth. The eager eyes of the girl read
+the hesitation in his face.
+
+"I beseech you," she urged, "conceal nothing from me."
+
+"I have told you, she is in jail."
+
+"On what charge? Who has informed against her?"
+
+"I was not in the court when she was tried. I know very little. I was near
+the town, waiting about, and I got scraps of information from some of our
+people, and from Pedo, who went into the city."
+
+"Then you do know. Answer me truly. Tell me all."
+
+"I--I was in prison myself, but escaped through the aid of Pedo. I tarried
+in an old kiln. He advised that I should come on here, where he had
+friends. Dost thou know that Marcianus has been sentenced? He will win
+that glorious crown which I have lost. I--I, unworthy, I fled, when it
+might have been mine. Yet, God forgive me! I am not ungrateful to Pedo.
+Marcianus said I was a coward, and unfit for the Kingdom of God; that I
+should be excluded because I had turned back. God forgive me!"
+
+Suddenly Perpetua laid hold of Baudillas by both arms, and so gripped him
+that the water oozed between her fingers and dropped on the floor.
+
+"I adjure thee, by Him in whom we both believe, answer me truly, speak
+fully. Is my mother retained in prison till I am found?"
+
+The deacon looked down nervously, uncomfortably, and shuffled from foot to
+foot.
+
+"Understand," said he, after a long silence, "all I learned is by hearsay.
+I really know nothing for certain."
+
+"I suffer more by your silence than were I to be told the truth, be the
+truth never so painful."
+
+"Have I not said it? The Lady Quincta is in prison."
+
+"Is that all?"
+
+Again he maintained an embarrassed silence.
+
+"It matters not," said Perpetua firmly. "I will my own self find out what
+has taken place. I shall return to Nemausus on foot, and immediately. I
+will deliver myself up to the magistrate and demand my mother's release."
+
+"You must not go--the weather is terrible."
+
+"I shall--nothing can stay me. I shall go, and go alone, and go at once."
+
+"There is no need for such haste. It is not till to-morrow that Quincta
+will be put on the rack."
+
+"On the rack!"
+
+"Fool that I am! I have uttered what I should have kept secret."
+
+"It is said. My resolve is formed. I return to Nemausus."
+
+"Then," said the deacon, "I will go with thee."
+
+"There is no need. I will take Blanda."
+
+"I will go. A girl, a young girl shames me. I run away from death, and she
+offers herself to the sword. Marcianus said I was a renegade. I will not
+be thought to have denied my Master--to have fled from martyrdom."
+
+"Then," said Perpetua, "I pray thee this--first give freedom unto Pedo."
+
+Baudillas administered a slight stroke on the cheek to his slave, and
+said:
+
+"Go; thou art discharged from bondage."
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXII
+
+                                THE ARENA
+
+
+The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the
+nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or
+rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many
+citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius. He had run
+great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit
+flattery. In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill-gotten
+gains--the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he
+had ruined--to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of
+March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green
+in his native city.
+
+The games were to last two days. On the first there would be contests with
+beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded
+and converted into a lake.
+
+Great anxiety was entertained relative to the weather. Unless the mistral
+ceased and the rain passed away, it would be impossible for the sports to
+be held. It was true that the entire oval could be covered in by curtains
+and mats, stretched between poles, but this contrivance was intended as
+shelter against sun and not rain. Moreover, the violence of the wind had
+rendered it quite impossible to extend the curtains.
+
+The town was in the liveliest excitement. The man guilty of having
+mutilated the statue had been sentenced to be cast to the beasts, and this
+man was no vulgar criminal out of the slums, but belonged to one of the
+superior "orders."
+
+That a great social change had taken place in the province, and that the
+freedmen had stepped into power and influence, to the displacement of
+their former masters, was felt by the descendants of the first �gypto-
+Greek colonists, and by the relics of the Gaulish nobility, but they
+hardly endured to admit the fact in words. The exercise of the rights of
+citizenship, the election of the officials, the qualification for filling
+the superior secular and religious offices, belonged to the decurion or
+noble families. Almost the sole office open to those below was that of the
+seviri; and yet even in elections the freedmen were beginning to exhibit a
+power of control.
+
+Now, one of the old municipal families was to be humbled by a member being
+subjected to the degradation of death in the arena, and none of the
+Falerii ventured to raise a voice in his defence, so critical did they
+perceive the situation to be. The sodality of the Augustals in conclave
+had determined that an example was to be made of Marcianus, and had made
+this plain to the magistrates. They had even insisted on the manner of his
+execution. His death would be a plain announcement to the decurion class
+that its domination was at an end. The ancient patrician and plebeian
+families of Rome had been extinguished in blood, and their places filled
+by a new nobility of army factors and money-lenders. A similar revolution
+had taken place in the provinces by less bloody means. There, the transfer
+of power was due largely to the favor of the prince accorded to the
+freedmen.
+
+In the Augustal colleges everywhere, the C�sar had a body of devoted
+adherents, men without nationality, with no historic position, no
+traditions of past independence; men, moreover, who were shrewd enough to
+see that by combination they would eventually be able to wrest the control
+of the municipal government from those who had hitherto exercised it.
+
+The rumor spread rapidly that a fresh entertainment was to be provided.
+The damsel who had been rescued from the basin of Nemausus had surrendered
+herself in order to obtain the release of her mother; and the magistrate
+in office, Petronius Atacinus, out of consideration for the good people of
+the town, whom he loved, and out of reverence for the gods who had been
+slighted, had determined that she should be produced in the arena, and
+there obliged publicly to sacrifice, and then to be received into the
+priesthood. Should she, however, prove obdurate, then she would be
+tortured into compliance.
+
+Nor was this all. Baudillas Macer, the last scion of a decayed Volcian
+family, who had been cast into the pit of the _robur_, but had escaped,
+was also to be brought out and executed, as having assisted in the rescue
+of Perpetua from the fountain, but chiefly for having connived at the
+crime of Falerius Marcianus.
+
+To the general satisfaction, the wind fell as suddenly as it had risen,
+and that on the night preceding the sports. The weather remained bitterly
+cold, and the sky was dark with clouds that seemed ready to burst. Not a
+ray of sunlight traveled across the arena and climbed the stages of the
+amphitheater. The day might have been one in November, and the weather
+that encountered on the northern plains of Germania.
+
+The townsfolk, and the spectators from the country, came provided against
+the intemperance of the weather, wrapped in their warmest mantles, which
+they drew as hoods over their heads. Slaves arrived, carrying boxes with
+perforated tops, that contained glowing charcoal, so that their masters
+and mistresses might keep their feet warm whilst attending the games. Some
+carried cushions for the seats, others wolf-skin rugs to throw over the
+knees of the well-to-do spectators.
+
+The ranges of the great oval were for the most part packed with
+spectators. The topmost seats were full long before the rest. The stone
+benches were divided into tiers. At the bottom, near the _podium_ or
+breastwork confining the arena, were those for the municipal dignitaries,
+for the priests, and for certain strangers to whom seats had been granted
+by decree of the town council. Here might be read, "Forty seats decreed to
+the navigators of the Rh�ne and Saone;" at another part of the
+circumference, "Twenty-five places appointed to the navigators of the
+Ard�che and the Ouv�ze."
+
+Above the ranges of seats set apart for the officials and guests were
+those belonging to the decurions and knights, the nobility and gentry of
+the town and little republic. The third range was that allotted to the
+freedmen and common townsfolk and peasants from the country, and the
+topmost stage was abandoned to be occupied by slaves alone. At one end of
+the ellipse sat the principal magistrates close to the _podium_ at one
+end, and at the other the master of the games and his attendants, the
+prefect of the watch and of the firemen.
+
+Two doors, one at each end, gave access to the arena, or means of exit.
+One was that of the _vivarium_, whence the gladiators and prisoners issued
+from a large chamber under the seats and feet of the spectators. The other
+door was that which conducted to the _libitinum_, into which were cast the
+corpses of men and the carcasses of beasts that had perished in the games.
+
+Immediately below the seat of the principal magistrates and of the
+pontiffs was a little altar, on the breastwork about the arena, with a
+statue of Nemausus above it; and a priest stood at the side to keep the
+charcoal alight, and to serve the incense to such as desired to do homage
+to the god.
+
+It was remarked that the attendance in the reserved seats of the decurions
+was meager. Such as were connected with the Falerian family by blood or
+marriage made it a point to absent themselves; others stayed away because
+huffed at the insolence of the freedmen, and considering that the sentence
+passed on Marcianus was a slight cast on their order.
+
+On the other hand, the freedmen crowded to the show in full force, and not
+having room to accommodate themselves and their families in the zone
+allotted to them, some audaciously threw themselves over the barriers of
+demarcation and were followed by others, and speedily flooded the benches
+of the decurions.
+
+When the magistrates arrived, preceded by their lictors, all in the
+amphitheater rose, and the Quatuor-viri bowed to the public. Each took a
+pinch from the priest, who extended a silver shell containing aromatic
+gums, and cast it on the fire, some gravely, Petronius with a flippant
+gesture. Then the latter turned to the Augustal _flamen_, saying: "To the
+god Augustus and the divine Julia (Livia)," and he threw some more grains
+on the charcoal.
+
+"Body of Bacchus!" said he, as he took his seat, "a little fizzling spark
+such as that may please the gods, but does not content me. I wish I had a
+roaring fire at which, like a babe out of its bath, I could spread my ten
+toes and as many fingers. Such a day as this is! With cold weather I
+cannot digest my food properly. I feel a lump in me as did Saturn when his
+good Rhea gave him a meal of stones. I am full of twinges. By Vulcan and
+his bellows! if it had not been for duty I would have been at home adoring
+the Lares and Penates. These shows are for the young and warm-blooded. The
+arms of my chair send a chill into my marrow-bones. What comes first? Oh!
+a contest with a bull. Well, I shall curl up and doze like a marmot. Wake
+me, good Smerius, when the next portion of the entertainment begins."
+
+A bull was introduced, and a gladiator was employed to exasperate and play
+with the beast. He waved a garment before its eyes, then drove a sharp
+instrument into its flank, and when the beast turned, he nimbly leaped out
+of the way. When pursued he ran, then turned sharply, put his hands on the
+back of the bull, and leaped over it.
+
+The people cheered, but they had seen the performance so often repeated
+that they speedily tired of such poor sport. The bull was accordingly
+dispatched. Horses were introduced and hooked to the carcass, which was
+rapidly drawn out. Then entered attendants of the amphitheater, who
+strewed sand where the blood had been spilt, bowed and retired.
+
+Thereupon the jailer threw open the gates of the _vivarium_ and brought
+forth the prisoners. These consisted of the taverner who had murdered his
+guests, the manumitted slave who had robbed his master, Baudillas,
+Marcianus and Perpetua.
+
+A thrill of cruel delight ran through the concourse of spectators. Now
+something was about to be shown them, harrowing to the feelings,
+gratifying to the ferocity that is natural to all men, and is expelled,
+not at all by civilization, but by divine grace only.
+
+It enhanced the pleasure of the spectators that criminals should witness
+the death of their fellows. Eyes scanned their features, observed whether
+they turned sick and faint, whether they winced, or whether they remained
+cool and callous. This gave a cruel zest to their enjoyment.
+
+A bear was produced. Dogs were set on him, and he was worried till he
+shook off his torpor and was worked into fury. Then, at a sign from the
+manager of the games, the dogs were called off, and the man who had
+murdered his guests was driven forward towards the incensed beast.
+
+The fellow was sullen, and gave no token of fear. He folded his arms,
+leaned against the marble _podium_, and looked contemptuously around him
+at the occupants of the tiers of seats.
+
+The bear, relieved from his aggressors, seemed indisposed to notice the
+man.
+
+Then the spectators roared to the criminal, bidding him invite the brute
+against himself. It was a strange fact that often in these horrible
+exhibitions a man condemned to fight with the beasts allowed himself a
+brief display of vanity, and sought to elicit the applause of the
+spectators by his daring conduct to the animal that was to mangle and kill
+him.
+
+But the ill-humored fellow would not give this pleasure to the onlookers.
+
+Then the master of the sports signed to the attendants to goad the bear.
+They obeyed, and he turned and growled and struck at them, but would not
+touch the man designed to be hugged by him.
+
+After many vain attempts, amidst the hooting and roar of the people, a
+sign was made. Some gladiators leaped in, and with their swords dispatched
+the taverner.
+
+The spectators were indignant. They had been shown no sport, only a common
+execution. They were shivering with cold; some grumbled, and said that
+this was childish stuff to witness which was not worth the discomfort of
+the exposure. Then, as with one voice, rose the yell: "The wolves! send in
+the wolves! Marcianus to the wolves!"
+
+The master of the games dispatched a messenger to the Quatuorvir who was
+then the acting magistrate. He nodded to what was said, waved his hand in
+the direction of the master's box, and the latter sent an attendant to the
+keeper of the beasts.
+
+The jailer-executioner at once grasped the deacon Falerius Marcianus by
+the shoulders, bade him descend some steps and enter the arena.
+
+Marcianus was deadly white. He shrank with disgust from the spot where the
+soil was drenched with the blood of the taverner, and which was not as yet
+strewn over with fresh sand. He cast a furtive look at the altar, then
+made an appealing gesture to the magistrate.
+
+"Come here, Cneius Marcianus," said Petronius. "You belong to a
+respectable and ancient family. You have been guilty of an infamous deed
+that has brought disgrace on your entire order. See how many absent
+themselves this day on that account! Your property is confiscated, you are
+sentenced to death. Yet I give you one chance. Sacrifice to the gods and
+blaspheme Christ. I do not promise you life if you do this. You must
+appeal to the people. If they see you offer incense, they will know that
+you have renounced the Crucified. Then I will put the question to their
+decision. If they hold up their thumbs you will live. Consider, it is a
+chance; it depends, not on me, but on their humor. Will you sacrifice?"
+
+Marcianus looked at the mighty hoop of faces. He saw that the vast
+concourse was thrilled with expectation; a notion crossed the mind of one
+of the freedmen that Marcianus was being given a means of escape, and he
+shouted words that, though audible and intelligible to those near, were
+not to be caught by such as were distant. But the purport of his address
+was understood, and produced a deafening, a furious roar of remonstrance.
+
+"I will not sacrifice," said the deacon; "I am a Christian."
+
+Then Petronius Atacinus raised his hand, partly to assure the spectators
+that he was not opposing their wishes, partly as a signal to the master of
+the games.
+
+Instantly a low door in the barrier was opened, and forth rushed a howling
+pack of wolves. When they had reached the center of the arena, they stood
+for a moment snuffing, and looked about them in questioning attitudes.
+Some, separating from the rest, ran with their snouts against the ground
+to where the recent blood had been spilt. But, all at once, a huge gray
+wolf, that led the pack, uttered a howl, and made a rush and a leap
+towards Marcianus; and the rest followed.
+
+The sight was too terrible for the deacon to contemplate it unmoved. He
+remained but for an instant as one frozen, and then with a cry he started
+and ran round the ellipse, and the whole gray pack tore after him. Now and
+then, finding that they gained on him, he turned with threatening gestures
+that cowed the brutes; but this was for a moment only. Their red eyes,
+their gleaming teeth filled the wretched man with fresh terror, and again
+he ran.
+
+The spectators clapped their hands--some stood up on their seats and
+laughed in ecstasy of enjoyment. Once, twice he made the circuit of the
+arena; and his pace, if possible, became quicker. The delight of the
+spectators became an intoxication. It was exquisite. Fear in the flying
+man became frantic. His breath, his strength were failing. Then suddenly
+he halted, half turned, and ran to the foot of the barrier before the seat
+of the Quatuor-viri, and extended his hand: "Give me the incense! I
+worship Nemausus! I adore Augustus! I renounce Christ!"
+
+At the same moment the old monster wolf had seized him from behind. The
+arms of the deacon were seen for an instant in the air. The spectators
+stamped and danced and cheered--the dense gray mass of writhing, snarling
+beasts closed over the spot where Marcianus had fallen!
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXIII
+
+                             THE CLOUD-BREAK
+
+
+The acting magistrate turned to his fellow-quatuorvir, charged with co-
+ordinate judicial authority, on the left, and said: "Your nose is leaden-
+purple in hue."
+
+"No marvel, in this cold. I ever suffer there with the least frost. My ear
+lobes likewise are seats of chilblain."
+
+"In this climate! Astonishing! If it had been in Britain, or in Germany,
+it might have been expected."
+
+"My brother-magistrate," said Vibius Fuscianus, "I believe that here in
+the south we are more sensible to frost than are those who live under
+hyperborean skies. There they expect cold, and take precautions
+accordingly. Here the blasts fall on us unawares. We groan and sigh till
+the sun shines out, and then forget our sufferings. Who but fools would be
+here to-day? Look above. The clouds hang low, and are so dark that we may
+expect to be pelted with hail."
+
+"Aye," laughed Petronius, "as big as the pebbles that strew the Crau
+wherewith Hercules routed the Ligurians. Well; it is black as an eclipse.
+I will give thee a hint, Vibius mine! I have made my slave line this
+marble seat with hot bricks. They are comforting to the spine, the very
+column of life. Presently he will be here with another supply. You see we
+are not all fools. Some do make provision against the cold."
+
+"I wish I had thought of this before."
+
+"That is precisely the wish that crossed the mind of the poor wretch whom
+the wolves have finished. He postponed his renunciation of Christ till
+just too late."
+
+Then Lucius Petronius yawned, stretched himself, and signed that the
+freedman who had robbed the master who had manumitted him, should be
+delivered to a panther.
+
+The wolves were with difficulty chased out of the arena, and then all was
+prepared for this next exhibition. It was brief. The beast was hungry, and
+the criminal exposed made little effort to resist. Next came the turn of
+Baudillas.
+
+Without raising himself in his seat, the Quatuorvir said languidly: "You
+broke out of prison, you were charged with aiding and abetting sacrilege.
+You refused to sacrifice to the genius of the Emperor. Well, if you will
+cast a few grains of incense in the fire, I will let you depart."
+
+"I cannot forswear Christ," said Baudillas with a firmness that surprised
+none so much as himself. But, indeed, the fall of Marcianus, so far from
+drawing him along into the same apostasy, had caused a recoil in his soul.
+To hear his fellow-ministrant deny Christ, to see him extend his hands for
+the incense--that inspired him with an indignation which gave immense force
+to his resolution. The Church had been dishonored, the ministry disgraced
+in Marcianus. Oh, that they might not be thus humbled in himself!
+
+"Baudillas Macer," said the magistrate, "take advice, and be speedy in
+making your election; your fellow, who has just furnished a breakfast to
+the wolves, hesitated a moment too long, and so lost his life. By the time
+he had resolved to act as a wise man and a good citizen, not the gods
+themselves could deliver him. _Flamen_, hand the shell with the grains to
+this sensible fellow."
+
+"I cannot offer sacrifice."
+
+"You are guilty of treason against C�sar if you refuse to sacrifice to his
+genius. Never mind about Nemausus, whose image is there. Say--the genius of
+C�sar, and you are quit."
+
+"I am his most obedient subject."
+
+"Then offer a libation or some frankincense."
+
+"I cannot. I pray daily to God for him."
+
+"A wilful man is like a stubborn ass. There is naught for him but the
+stick. I can do no more. I shall sentence you."
+
+"I am ready to die for Christ."
+
+"Then lead him away. The sword!"
+
+The deacon bowed. "I am unworthy of shedding my blood for Christ," he
+said, and his voice, though low, was firm.
+
+Then he looked around and saw the Bishop Castor in the zone allotted to
+the citizens and knights. Baudillas crossed his arms on his breast and
+knelt on the sand, and the bishop, rising from his seat, extended his hand
+in benediction.
+
+He, Castor, had not been called to sacrifice. He had not courted death,
+but he had not shrunk from it. He had not concealed himself, nevertheless
+he had been passed over.
+
+Then the deacon, with firm step, walked into the center of the arena and
+knelt down.
+
+In another moment his head was severed from the body.
+
+The attendants immediately removed every trace of the execution, and now
+arrived the moment for which all had looked with impatience.
+
+The magistrate said: "Bring forward Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Harpinius
+L�to, that has lived."
+
+At once �milius sprang into the arena and advanced before Petronius.
+
+"Suffer me to act as her advocate," said he in an agitated voice. "You
+know me, I am Lentulus Varo."
+
+"I know you very well by repute, �milius," answered the Quatuorvir; "but I
+think there is no occasion now for your services. This is not a court of
+justice in which your forensic eloquence can be heard, neither is this a
+case to be adjudicated upon, and calling for defence. The virgin was
+chosen by lot to be given to the god Nemausus, and was again demanded by
+him speaking at midnight, after she had been rescued from his fountain, if
+I mistake not, by you. Your power of interference ceased there. Now, she
+is accused of nothing. She is reconsigned to the god, whose she is."
+
+"I appeal to C�sar."
+
+"If I were to allow the appeal, would that avail thy client? But it is no
+case in which an appeal is justifiable. The god is merciful. He does not
+exact the life of the damsel, he asks only that she enter into his service
+and be a priestess at his shrine, that she pour libations before his
+altar, and strew rose leaves on his fountain. Think you that the C�sar
+will interfere in such a matter? Think you that, were it to come before
+him, he would forbid this? But ask thy client if the appeal be according
+to her desire."
+
+Perpetua shook her head.
+
+"No, she is aware that it would be profitless. If thou desirest to serve
+her, then use thy persuasion and induce her to do sacrifice."
+
+"Sir," said �milius in great agitation, "how can she become the votary of
+a god in whom she does not believe?"
+
+"Oh, as to that," answered the Quatuorvir, "it is a formality, nothing
+more; a matter of incense and rose leaves. As to _belief_," he turned to
+his fellow-magistrate, and said, laughing, "listen to this man. He talks
+of belief, as though that were a necessary ingredient in worship! Thou,
+with thy plum-colored nose, hast thou full faith in �sculapius to cure
+thee even of a chilblain?"
+
+Fuscianus shrugged his shoulders. "I hate all meddlers with usages that
+are customary. I hate them as I do a bit of grit in my salad. I put them
+away."
+
+The populace became impatient, shouted and stamped. Some, provided with
+empty gourds, in which were pebbles, rattled them, and made a strange
+sound as of a hailstorm. Others clacked together pieces of pottery. The
+magistrate turned to the pontiff on his right and said: "We believe with
+all our hearts in the gods when we do sacrifice! Oh, mightily, I trow."
+Then he laughed again. The priest looked grave for a moment, and then he
+laughed also.
+
+"Come now," said Lucius Petronius to the young lawyer, "to this I limit
+thy interference. Stand by the girl and induce her to yield. By the Bow-
+bearer! young men do not often fail in winning the consent of girls when
+they use their best blandishments. It will be a scene for the stage. You
+have plenty of spectators."
+
+"Suffer me also to stand beside her," said the slave-woman Blanda, who had
+not left Perpetua.
+
+"By all means. And if you two succeed, none will be better content than
+myself. I am not one who would wish a fair virgin a worse fate than to
+live and be merry and grow old. Ah me! old age!"
+
+Again the multitude shouted and rattled pumpkins.
+
+"We are detaining the people in the cold," said the presiding magistrate;
+"the sports move sluggishly as does our blood." Then, aside to Fuscianus,
+"My bricks are becoming sensibly chilled. I require a fresh supply." Then
+to the maiden: "Hear me, Perpetua, daughter of Harpinius L�to that was--we
+and the gods, or the gods and we, are indisposed to deal harshly. Throw a
+few crumbs of incense on the altar, and you shall pass at once up those
+steps to the row of seats where sit the white-robed priestesses with their
+crowns. I shall be well content."
+
+"That is a thing I cannot do," said Perpetua firmly.
+
+"Then we shall have to make you," said the magistrate in hard tones. He
+was angry, vexed. "You will prove more compliant when you have been
+extended on the rack. Let her be disrobed and tortured."
+
+Then descended into the arena two young men, who bowed to the magistrate,
+solicited leave, and drew forth styles or iron pens and tablets covered
+with wax. These were the scribes of the Church employed everywhere to take
+down a record of the last interrogatory of a martyr. Such records were
+called the "Acts." Of them great numbers have been preserved, but
+unhappily rarely unfalsified. The simplicity of the acts, the stiffness of
+style, the absence of all miraculous incident, did not suit the taste of
+medi�val compilers, and they systematically interpolated the earlier acts
+with harrowing details and records of marvels. Nevertheless, a certain
+number of these acts remain uncorrupted, and with regard to the rest it is
+not difficult to separate in them that which is fictitious from that which
+is genuine. Such notaries were admitted to the trials and executions with
+as much indifference as would be newspaper reporters nowadays.
+
+Again, with the sweat of anguish breaking out on his brow, �milius
+interposed.
+
+"I pray your mercy," he said; "let the sentence be still further modified.
+Suffer the damsel to be relieved of becoming a priestess. Let her become
+my wife, and I swear that I will make over my estate of Ad Fines to the
+temple of the god Nemausus, with the villa upon it, and statues and works
+of art."
+
+"That is an offer to be entertained by the priesthood and not by me.
+Boy--hot bricks! and be quick about removing those which have become almost
+cold."
+
+A pause ensued whilst the proposal of �milius was discussed between the
+chief priestess of the fountain and the Augustal _flamen_ and the other
+pontiffs.
+
+The populace became restless, impatient, noisy. They shouted, hooted;
+called out that they were tired of seeing nothing.
+
+"Come," said Petronius, "I cannot further delay proceedings."
+
+"We consent," said the chief pontiff.
+
+"That is well."
+
+Then �milius approached Perpetua, and entreated her to give way. To cast a
+few grains on the charcoal meant nothing; it was a mere movement of the
+hand, a hardly conscious muscular act, altogether out of comparison with
+the results. Such compliance would give her life, happiness, and would
+place her in a position to do vast good, and he assured her that his whole
+life would be devoted to her service.
+
+"I cannot," she said, looking �milius full in the face. "Do not think me
+ungrateful; my heart overflows for what you have done for me, but I cannot
+deny my Christ."
+
+Again he urged her. Let her consent and he--even he would become a
+Christian.
+
+"No," said she, "not at that price. You would be in heart for ever
+estranged from the faith."
+
+"To the rack! Lift her on to the little horse. Domitius Afer left his
+bequest to the city in order that we should be amused, not befooled,"
+howled the spectators.
+
+"Executioners, do your duty," said the magistrate. "But if she cry out,
+let her off. She will sacrifice. Only to the first hole--mind you. If that
+does not succeed, well, then, we shall try sharper means."
+
+And now the little horse was set up in the midst of the arena, and
+braziers of glowing charcoal were planted beside it; in the fire rested
+crooks and pincers to get red hot.
+
+The "little horse" was a structure of timber. Two planks were set edgeways
+with a wheel between them at each end. The structure stood on four legs,
+two at each extremity, spreading at the base. Halfway down, between these
+legs, at the ends, was a roller, furnished with levers that passed through
+them. A rope was attached to the ankles, another to the wrists of the
+person extended on the back of the "horse," and this rope was strained
+over the pulleys by means of the windlasses. The levers could be turned to
+any extent, so as, if required, to wrench arms and legs from their
+sockets.
+
+And now ensued a scene that refuses description. "We are made a spectacle
+unto men and angels," said the apostle, and none could realize how true
+were the words better than those who lived in times of persecution. Before
+that vast concourse the modest Christian maiden was despoiled of her
+raiment and was stretched upon the rack--swung between the planks.
+
+�milius felt his head swim and his heart contract. What could he do? Again
+he entreated, but she shook her head, yet turned at his voice and smiled.
+
+Then the executioners threw themselves on the levers, and a hush as of
+death fell on the multitude. Twenty thousand spectators looked on, twice
+that number of eyes were riveted on the frail girl undergoing this agony.
+Bets had been made on her constancy, bandied about, taken, and booked.
+Castor stood up, with face turned to heaven, and extended arms, praying.
+
+The creaking of the windlass was audible; then rang out a sharp cry of
+pain.
+
+Immediately the cords were relaxed and the victim lowered to the ground.
+Blanda threw a mantle over her.
+
+"She will sacrifice," said �milius; "take off the cords."
+
+The executioners looked to the magistrate. He nodded, and they obeyed. The
+bonds were rapidly removed from her hands and feet.
+
+"Blanda, sustain her!" commanded �milius, and he on one side, with his arm
+round the sinking, quivering form, and the slave-woman on the other,
+supported Perpetua. Her feet dragged and traced a furrow in the sand; they
+were numbed and powerless through the tension of the cords that had been
+knotted about the ankles. �milius and Blanda drew her towards the altar.
+
+"I cannot! I will not sacrifice! I am a Christian. I believe in Christ! I
+love Christ!"
+
+"Perpetua," said �milius in agitated tones, "your happiness and mine
+depend on compliance. For all I have done for you, if you will not for
+your own sake--consent to this. Here! I will hold your hand. Nay, it is I
+who will strew the incense, and make it appear as though it were done by
+you. Priest! The shell with the grains."
+
+"Spare me! I cannot!" gasped the girl, struggling in his arms. "I cannot
+be false to my Christ--for all that He has done for me."
+
+"You shall. I must constrain you." He set his teeth, knitted his brow. All
+his muscles were set in desperation. He strove to force her hand to the
+altar.
+
+"Shame on thee!" sobbed she. "Thou art more cruel than the torturer, more
+unjust than the judge."
+
+It was so. �milius felt that she was right. They did but insult and rack a
+frail body, and he did violence to the soul within.
+
+The people hooted and roared, and brandished their arms threateningly. "We
+will not be balked! We are being treated to child's play."
+
+"Take her back to the rack. Apply the fire," ordered the Quatuorvir.
+
+The executioners reclaimed her. She offered no resistance. �milius
+staggered to the _podium_ and grasped the marble top with one hand.
+
+She was again suspended on the little horse. Again the windlass creaked.
+The crowd listened, held its breath, men looked in each other's eyes, then
+back to the scene of suffering. Not a sound; not a cry; no, not even a
+sigh. She bore all.
+
+"Try fire!" ordered the magistrate.
+
+�milius had covered his face. He trembled. He would have shut his ears as
+he did his eyes, could he have done so. Verily, the agony of his soul was
+as great as the torture of her body. But there was naught to be heard--an
+ominous stillness, only the groaning of the windlass, and now and then a
+word from one executioner to his fellow.
+
+At every creak of the wheel a quiver went through the frame of �milius. He
+listened with anguish of mind for a cry. The populace held its breath; it
+waited. There was none. Into her face he dared not look. But the twenty
+thousand spectators stared--and saw naught save lips moving in prayer.
+
+And now a mighty wonder occurred.
+
+The dense cloud that filled the heavens began softly, soundlessly, to
+discharge its burden. First came, scarce noticed, sailing down, a few
+large white flakes like fleeces of wool. Then they came fast, faster, ever
+faster. And now it was as though a white bridal veil had been let down out
+of heaven to hide from the eyes of the ravening multitude the spectacle of
+the agony of Christ's martyr. None could see across the arena; soon none
+could see obscurely into it. The snowflakes fell thick and dense, they
+massed as a white cornice on the parapet, they dropped on every head, they
+whitened the bloodstained, trampled sand. And all fled before the snow.
+First went a few in twos or threes; then whole rows stood up, and through
+the vomitories the multitude poured--freedmen, slaves, knights, ladies,
+_flamines_, magistrates; none could stand against the descending snow.
+
+"Cast her down!" This was the last command issued by Petronius as he rose
+from his seat. The executioners were glad to escape. They relaxed the
+ropes, and threw their victim on the already white ground.
+
+Still thick and fast fell the fleeces. Blanda had cast a mantle of wool
+over the prostrate girl, but out of heaven descended a pall, whiter than
+fuller on earth can bleach, and buried the woolen cloak and the extended
+quivering limbs. Beside her, in the snow, knelt �milius. He held her hand
+in one of his. She looked him in the face and smiled. Then she said: "Give
+to Blanda her liberty."
+
+He could not speak. He signed that it should be so.
+
+Then she said: "I have prayed for thee--on the rack, in the fire--that the
+light may shine into thy heart."
+
+She closed her eyes.
+
+Still he held her hand, and with the other gently brushed away the
+snowflakes as they fell on her pure face. Oh wondrous face! Face above the
+dream of the highest Greek artist!
+
+Thus passed an hour--thus a second.
+
+Then suddenly the clouds parted, and the sun poured down a flood of glory
+over the dazzling white oval field, in the midst of which lay a heap of
+whiteness, and on a face as of alabaster, inanimate, and on a kneeling,
+weeping man, still with reverent finger sweeping away the last snowflakes
+from eyelash, cheek and hair, and who felt as if he could thus look, and
+kneel, and weep for ever.(12)
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXIV
+
+                                  CREDO
+
+
+Many days had passed. All was calm in Nemausus. The games were over.
+
+The day succeeding that we have described was warm and spring-like. The
+sun shone brilliantly. Every trace of the snow had disappeared, and the
+water-fight in the amphitheater had surpassed the expectations of the
+people. They had enjoyed themselves heartily.
+
+All had returned to its old order. The wool merchant took fresh commands,
+and sent his travelers into the Cebenn� to secure the winter fleeces. The
+woman who had the flower-shop sold garlands as fast as she could weave
+them. The potter spread out a fresh collection of his wares and did a good
+business with them.
+
+The disturbances that had taken place were no more spoken about. The
+deaths of Marcianus, Baudillas and Perpetua hardly occupied any thoughts,
+save only those of their relatives and the Christians.
+
+The general public had seen a show, and the show over, they had other
+concerns to occupy them.
+
+Now both Pedo and Blanda were free, and the long tarrying was over. They
+had loved when young, they came together in the autumn of their lives.
+
+In the heart of the Church of Nemausus there was not forgetfulness of its
+heroes.
+
+
+
+If the visitor at the present day to N�mes will look about him, he will
+find two churches, both recently rebuilt, in place of, and on the site of,
+very ancient places of worship, and the one bears the name of St.
+Baudille. If he inquire of the sacristan, "Mais qui, donc, �tait-il, ce
+saint?" then the answer given him will be: "Baudillas was a native of
+N�mes, a deacon, and a martyr."
+
+If he ask further, "But when?" Then the sacristan will probably reply with
+a shrug: "Mais, monsieur; qui sait?"
+
+In another part of the town is a second church, glowing internally with
+color from its richly painted windows, and this bears the name of Ste.
+Perpetue.
+
+Does the visitor desire to be told whether it has been erected in honor
+and in commemoration of the celebrated African martyrs Felicitas and
+Perpetua, or of some local virgin saint who shed her blood for Christ,
+then let him again inquire of the sacristan.
+
+What his answer will be I cannot say.
+
+
+
+The Bishop Castor remained much in his house. He grieved that he had not
+been called to witness to the faith that was in him. But he was a humble
+man, and he said to himself: "Such was the will of God, and that sufficeth
+me."
+
+One evening he was informed that a man, who would not give his name,
+desired to speak with him.
+
+He ordered that he should be introduced.
+
+When the visitor entered, Castor recognized �milius, but the man was
+changed. Lines of thought and of sorrow marked his face, that bore other
+impress as well of the travail of his soul within him. He seemed older,
+his face more refined than before, there was less of carnal beauty, and
+something spiritual that shone out of his eyes.
+
+The bishop warmly welcomed him.
+
+Then said �milius in a low tone, "I am come to thee for instruction. I
+know but little, yet what I know of Christ I believe. He is not dead, He
+liveth; He is a power; mighty is faith, and mighty is the love that He
+inspires. _Credo._"
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                                FOOTNOTES
+
+
+    1 So represented in paintings in the Catacombs. There were two
+      distinct types: the table in the Church and the tomb at the
+      Sepulcher of the Martyr.
+
+    2 St. Clement of Alexandria complained of the dainties provided for
+      the Agape: "The sauces, cakes, sugar-plums, the drink, the
+      delicacies, the games, the sweetmeats, the honey." The hour of
+      supper with the Romans was about 2 P.M.; that, therefore, was the
+      time for the love-feast to begin.
+
+    3 In the recently-exhumed house of Saints John and Paul, in the Coelian
+      Hill at Rome, such bottles were discovered in the cellar.
+
+    4 Now Ambroix.
+
+    5 Certain Christians bought substitutes to sacrifice in their room and
+      receive a ticket (_libellus_) certifying that they had sacrificed.
+      The Church was a little perplexed how to deal with these timorous
+      members, who were termed _libellatics_.
+
+    6 I employ the term Duumvir for convenience. As already stated, there
+      were four chief magistrates, but two only had criminal jurisdiction.
+
+    7 "Erat et robur, locus in carcere, quo pr�cipitabatur maleficorum
+      genus, quod ante arcis robustis includebatur."--LIV. 38, 39.
+
+    8 The prayer is given in the "Apostolic Constitutions," viii. 37.
+
+    9 The casting into the lowest pit of the _robur_--sometimes termed the
+      _barathrum_--was not a rare act of barbarity. Jugurtha perished in
+      that of the Tullianum in Rome. "By Hercules!" said he as he was
+      being lowered into it, "your bath is cold!" S. Ferreolus, of Vienne,
+      was plunged into this horrible place in A.D. 304. He was young, and
+      by diving or by working at the grating he managed to escape much in
+      the manner described above. Thus through the sewer he reached the
+      Rh�ne, and swam across it. He was, however, recaptured and taken
+      back to Vienne, where he was decapitated. He is commemorated in the
+      diocese of Vienne on September 18th, and is mentioned by Sidonius
+      Apollinaris in the fifth century, and by Venantius Fortunatus in the
+      sixth. S. Gregory, the illuminator, was cast into the _barathrum_ by
+      Tiridates. Theodoret describes martyrs devoured by rats and mice in
+      Persia ("Hist. Eccl.," v. 39).
+
+   10 This sign is now in the museum.
+
+   11 Fairies, adored at Nemausus.
+
+   12 The incident of the fall of snow occurring at the martyrdom of a
+      virgin saint is no picture of the author's imagination. It occurred
+      at the passion of S. Eulalia of Merida, in A.D. 303, and is
+      commemorated in the hymn on her by Prudentius.
+
+
+
+
+
+                            TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE
+
+
+Variations in hyphenation or spelling have not been changed.
+
+Changes, which have been made to the text:
+
+      page 55, "Nemauscan" changed to "Nemausean"
+      page 117, "alloted" changed to "allotted"
+      page 119, "exisiting" changed to "existing"
+      page 125, comma removed after "Baudillas"
+      page 278, "adsence" changed to "absence"
+      page 280, quote mark added before "Executioners"
+
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+
+
+
+                                 CREDITS
+
+
+December 31, 2014
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+            <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 2.00em">The Project
+            Gutenberg EBook of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 by
+            Sabine Baring-Gould</p>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+          "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
+            <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This ebook is
+            for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+            other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
+            restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use
+            it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License <a href=
+            "#pglicense" class="tei tei-ref">included with this eBook</a> or
+            online at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license" class=
+            "tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/license</a>. If you are
+            not located in the United States, you'll have to check the laws
+            of the country where you are located before using this ebook.</p>
+          </div>
+          <pre class="pre tei tei-div" style=
+          "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
+Title: Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213
+
+Author: Sabine Baring-Gould
+
+Release Date: December 31, 2014 [Ebook #47832]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+</pre>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"></div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 1.00em; text-align: center"></p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
+          <a href="images/cover.jpg"><img src="images/cover.jpg" alt=
+          "Cover image" /></a>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="doublepage" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-titlePage" style="text-align: center">
+        <div class="tei tei-pb" style="text-align: center"></div><a name=
+        "Pgi" id="Pgi" class="tei tei-anchor" style="text-align: center"></a>
+        <span class="tei tei-docTitle" style=
+        "text-align: center"><span class="tei tei-titlePart" style=
+        "text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 173%">PERPETUA</span></span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-titlePart" style=
+        "text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 144%">A TALE OF NIMES IN
+        A.D. 213</span></span></span><br />
+        <br />
+        <br />
+
+        <div class="tei tei-byline" style="text-align: center">
+          BY THE<br />
+          <span class="tei tei-docAuthor" style=
+          "text-align: center"><span class="tei tei-hi" style=
+          "text-align: center"><span style=
+          "font-size: 120%; font-variant: small-caps">Rev.</span></span>
+          <span style="font-size: 120%">S. BARING-GOULD, M.A.</span></span>
+        </div><br />
+        <br />
+        <br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-docImprint" style=
+        "text-align: center"><span class="tei tei-pubPlace" style=
+        "text-align: center">NEW YORK</span><br />
+        <span class="tei tei-publisher" style=
+        "text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 120%">E. P. DUTTON &amp;
+        COMPANY</span></span><br />
+        <span class="tei tei-pubPlace" style="text-align: center">31
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-variant: small-caps">West Twenty-third
+        Street</span></span></span><br />
+        <span class="tei tei-docDate" style=
+        "text-align: center">1897</span></span>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <div class="tei tei-pb"></div><a name="Pgii" id="Pgii" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class="tei tei-hi"
+        style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">Copyright</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">,
+        1897,</span> <span class="tei tei-hi" style=
+        "text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">by</span></span><br />
+        <span style="font-size: 90%">E. P. DUTTON &amp; COMPANY</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="pageiii">[pg iii]</span><a name="Pgiii"
+        id="Pgiii" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc1" id=
+        "toc1"></a><a name="pdf2" id="pdf2"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CONTENTS</span></h1><a name="Pgiv" id=
+        "Pgiv" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
+        "tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+          <colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
+
+          <tbody>
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><span class=
+              "tei tei-hi" style="text-align: right"><span style=
+              "font-size: 90%">CHAPTER</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><span class=
+              "tei tei-hi" style="text-align: right"><span style=
+              "font-size: 90%">PAGE</span></span></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">I.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Est</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg001" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">1</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">II.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Æmilius</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg014" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">14</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">III.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Baudillas, the
+              Deacon</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg022" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">22</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">IV.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">The Utriculares</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg033" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">33</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">V.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">The Lagoons</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg045" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">45</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">VI.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">The Passage into
+              Life</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg057" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">57</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">VII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Oblations</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">68</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">VIII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">The Voice at
+              Midnight</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg081" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">81</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">IX.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Stars in Water</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">93</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">X.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Locutus Est!</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg105" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">105</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XI.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Palanquins</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg117" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">117</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Reus</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg128" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">128</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XIII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Ad Fines</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg140" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">140</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XIV.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">To the Lowest
+              Depth</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg152" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">152</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XV.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-q">“<span class=
+              "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-variant: small-caps">Revealed
+              Unto Babes</span></span>”</span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg165" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">165</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XVI.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Doubts and
+              Difficulties</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg177" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">177</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XVII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Pedo</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg189" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">189</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XVIII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">In the
+              Citron-house</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg204" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">204</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XIX.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Marcianus</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg218" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">218</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XX.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">In the Basilica</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg230" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">230</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XXI.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">A Manumission</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg242" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">242</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XXII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">The Arena</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg256" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">256</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XXIII.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">The Cloud-break</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg270" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">270</a></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-row">
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right">XXIV.</td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+              "font-variant: small-caps">Credo</span></span></td>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-cell" style="text-align: right"><a href=
+              "#Pg287" class="tei tei-ref" style=
+              "text-align: right">287</a></td>
+            </tr>
+          </tbody>
+        </table>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <hr class="page" />
+
+    <div class="tei tei-body" style=
+    "margin-top: 6.00em; margin-bottom: 6.00em">
+      <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page1">[pg 1]</span><a name="Pg001" id=
+      "Pg001" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.73em; text-align: center">
+      <span style="font-size: 173%">PERPETUA</span></p>
+
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.20em; text-align: center">
+      <span style="font-size: 120%">A TALE OF NÎMES IN</span> <span class=
+      "tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+      "font-size: 100%">A.D.</span></span> <span style=
+      "font-size: 120%">213</span></p>
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <a name="toc3" id="toc3"></a><a name="pdf4" id="pdf4"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER I</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">EST</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Kalends
+        (first) of March.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A brilliant day in
+        the town of Nemausus—the modern Nîmes—in the Province of Gallia
+        Narbonensis, that arrogated to itself the title of being <span class=
+        "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">the</span></span>
+        province, a title that has continued in use to the present day, as
+        distinguishing the olive-growing, rose-producing, ruin-strewn portion
+        of Southern France, whose fringe is kissed by the blue
+        Mediterranean.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Not a cloud in the
+        nemophyla-blue sky. The sun streamed down, with a heat that was
+        unabsorbed, and with rays unshorn by any intervenient vapor, as in
+        our northern clime. Yet a cool air from the distant snowy Alps
+        touched, as with the kiss of a vestal, every heated brow, and
+        refreshed it.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Alps, though
+        invisible from Nemausus, make <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page2">[pg
+        2]</span><a name="Pg002" id="Pg002" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>themselves felt, now in refreshing breezes, then
+        as raging icy blasts.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The anemones were
+        in bloom, and the roses were budding. Tulips spangled the vineyards,
+        and under the olives and in the most arid soil, there appeared the
+        grape hyacinth and the star of Bethlehem.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At the back of the
+        white city stands a rock, the extreme limit of a spur of the Cebennæ,
+        forming an amphitheatre, the stones scrambled over by blue and white
+        periwinkle, and the crags heavy with syringa and flowering
+        thorns.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the midst of
+        this circus of rock welled up a river of transparent bottle-green
+        water, that filled a reservoir, in which circled white swans.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On account of the
+        incessant agitation of the water, that rose in bells, and broke in
+        rhythmic waves against the containing breastwork, neither were the
+        swans mirrored in the surface, nor did the white temple of Nemausus
+        reflect its peristyle of channeled pillars in the green flood.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This temple
+        occupied one side of the basin; on the other, a little removed, were
+        the baths, named after Augustus, to which some of the water was
+        conducted, after it had passed beyond the precinct within which it
+        was regarded as sacred.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page3">[pg
+        3]</span><a name="Pg003" id="Pg003" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It would be hard
+        to find a more beautiful scene, or see such a gay gathering as that
+        assembled near the Holy Fountain on this first day of March.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Hardly less white
+        than the swans that dreamily swam in spirals, was the balustrade of
+        limestone that surrounded the sheet of heaving water. At intervals on
+        this breasting stood pedestals, each supporting a statue in Carrara
+        marble. Here was Diana in buskins, holding a bow in her hand, in the
+        attitude of running, her right hand turned to draw an arrow from the
+        quiver at her back. There was the Gallic god Camulus, in harness,
+        holding up a six-rayed wheel, all gilt, to signify the sun. There was
+        a nymph pouring water from her urn; again appeared Diana
+        contemplating her favorite flower, the white poppy.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But in the place
+        of honor, in the midst of the public walk before the fountain,
+        surrounded by acacias and pink-blossomed Judas trees, stood the god
+        Nemausus, who was at once the presiding deity over the fountain, and
+        the reputed founder of the city. He was represented as a youth, of
+        graceful form, almost feminine, and though he bore some military
+        insignia, yet seemed too girl-like and timid to appear in
+        war.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page4">[pg 4]</span><a name=
+        "Pg004" id="Pg004" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The fountain had,
+        in very truth, created the city. This marvelous upheaval of a limpid
+        river out of the heart of the earth had early attracted settlers to
+        it, who had built their rude cabins beside the stream and who paid to
+        the fountain divine honors. Around it they set up a circle of rude
+        stones, and called the place <span class=
+        "tei tei-foreign"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">Nemet</span></span>—that is to say, the Sacred
+        Place. After a while came Greek settlers, and they introduced a new
+        civilization and new ideas. They at once erected an image of the
+        deity of the fountain, and called this deity Nemausios. The spring
+        had been female to the Gaulish occupants of the settlement; it now
+        became male, but in its aspect the deity still bore indications of
+        feminine origin. Lastly the place became a Roman town. Now beautiful
+        statuary had taken the place of the monoliths of unhewn stone that
+        had at one time bounded the sacred spring.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On this first day
+        of March the inhabitants of Nemausus were congregated near the
+        fountain, all in holiday costume.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Among them ran and
+        laughed numerous young girls, all with wreaths of white hyacinths or
+        of narcissus on their heads, and their clear musical voices rang as
+        bells in the fresh air.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Yet, jocund as the
+        scene was, to such as looked <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page5">[pg
+        5]</span><a name="Pg005" id="Pg005" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>closer
+        there was observable an under-current of alarm that found expression
+        in the faces of the elder men and women of the throng, at least in
+        those of such persons as had their daughters flower-crowned.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Many a parent held
+        the child with convulsive clasp, and the eyes of fathers and mothers
+        alike followed their darlings with a greed, as though desirous of not
+        losing one glimpse, not missing one word, of the little creature on
+        whom so many kisses were bestowed, and in whom so much love was
+        centered.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">For this day was
+        specially dedicated to the founder and patron of the town, who
+        supplied it with water from his unfailing urn, and once in every
+        seven years on this day a human victim was offered in sacrifice to
+        the god Nemausus, to ensure the continuance of his favor, by a
+        constant efflux of water, pure, cool and salubrious.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The victim was
+        chosen from among the daughters of the old Gaulish families of the
+        town, and the victim was selected from among girls between the ages
+        of seven and seventeen. Seven times seven were bound to appear on
+        this day before the sacred spring, clothed in white and crowned with
+        spring flowers. None knew which would be chosen and which rejected.
+        The selection was not made by either the <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page6">[pg 6]</span><a name="Pg006" id="Pg006" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>priests or the priestesses attached to the
+        temple. Nor was it made by the magistrates of Nemausus. No parent
+        might redeem his child. Chance or destiny alone determined who was to
+        be chosen out of the forty-nine who appeared before the god.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Suddenly from the
+        temple sounded a blast of horns, and immediately the peristyle
+        (colonnade) filled with priests and priestesses in white, the former
+        with wreaths of silvered olive leaves around their heads, the latter
+        crowned with oak leaves of gold foil.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The trumpeters
+        descended the steps. The crowd fell back, and a procession advanced.
+        First came players on the double flute, or syrinx, with red bands
+        round their hair. Then followed dancing girls performing graceful
+        movements about the silver image of the god that was borne on the
+        shoulders of four maidens covered with spangled veils of the finest
+        oriental texture. On both sides paced priests with brazen
+        trumpets.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Before and behind
+        the image were boys bearing censers that diffused aromatic smoke,
+        which rose and spread in all directions, wafted by the soft air that
+        spun above the cold waters of the fountain.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Behind the image
+        and the dancing girls marched <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page7">[pg
+        7]</span><a name="Pg007" id="Pg007" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the
+        priests and priestesses, singing alternately a hymn to the god.</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“Hail, holy
+            fountain, limpid and eternal,</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 10.00em">
+            Father Nemausus.
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Hail, thou Archegos, founder of the city,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Crowned with oak leaves, cherishing the olive,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Grapes with thy water annually flushing,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 10.00em; text-align: left">
+            Father Nemausus.
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Thou to the thirsty givest cool refreshment,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Thou to the herdsman yieldeth yearly increase,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Thou from the harvest wardest off diseases,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 10.00em">
+            Father Nemausus.
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Seven are the hills on which old Rome is founded,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Seven are the hills engirdling thy fountain,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Seven are the planets set in heaven ruling,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 10.00em">
+            Father Nemausus.
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Thou, the perennial, lovest tender virgins,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 10.00em; text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Father
+            Nemausus.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the priests
+        and priestesses drew up in lines between the people and the fountain,
+        and the ædile <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page8">[pg
+        8]</span><a name="Pg008" id="Pg008" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>of the
+        city, standing forth, read out from a roll the names of seven times
+        seven maidens; and as each name was called, a white-robed,
+        flower-crowned child fluttered from among the crowd and was received
+        by the priestly band.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When all
+        forty-nine were gathered together, then they were formed into a ring,
+        holding hands, and round this ring passed the bearers of the silver
+        image.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now again rose the
+        hymn:</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-top: 1.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-left: 2.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“Hail, holy
+            fountain, limpid and eternal,</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 10.00em">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Father
+            Nemausus.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And as the bearers
+        carried the image round the circle, suddenly a golden apple held by
+        the god, fell and touched a graceful girl who stood in the ring.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come forth, Lucilla,”</span> said the chief priestess.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“It is the will of the god that thou speak
+        the words. Begin.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the damsel
+        loosed her hands from those she held, stepped into the midst of the
+        circle and raised the golden pippin. At once the entire ring of
+        children began to revolve, like a dance of white butter<span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page9">[pg 9]</span><a name="Pg009" id="Pg009"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>flies in early spring; and as they swung
+        from right to left, the girl began to recite at a rapid pace a jingle
+        of words in a Gallic dialect, that ran thus:</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 4.00em">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“One and
+            two</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 4.00em">
+            Drops of dew,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 4.00em; text-align: left">
+            Three and four
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 4.00em">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Shut the
+            door.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As she spoke she
+        indicated a child at each numeral,</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 4.00em">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“Five and
+            six</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 4.00em">
+            Pick up sticks,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 4.00em; text-align: left">
+            Seven and eight
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 4.00em; text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Thou must
+            wait.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now there passed a
+        thrill through the crowd, and the children whirled quicker.</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 4.00em; text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“Nine and
+            ten</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 4.00em; text-align: left">
+            Pass again.
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Golden pippin, lo! I cast,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Thou, Alcmene,
+            touched at last.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At the word
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“last”</span> she threw the apple and struck
+        a girl, and at once left the ring, cast her coronet of narcissus into
+        the fountain and ran into the crowd. With a gasp of relief she was
+        caught in the arms of her mother, who held her to her heart, and
+        sobbed <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page10">[pg 10]</span><a name=
+        "Pg010" id="Pg010" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>with joy that her child
+        was spared. For her, the risk was past, as she would be over age when
+        the next septennial sacrifice came round.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now it was the
+        turn of Alcmene.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She held the ball,
+        paused a moment, looking about her, and then, as the troop of
+        children revolved, she rattled the rhyme, and threw the pippin at a
+        damsel named Tertiola. Whereupon she in turn cast her garland, that
+        was of white violets, into the fountain, and withdrew.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again the wreath
+        of children circled and Tertiola repeated the jingle till she came to
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Touched at last,”</span> when a girl named
+        Ælia was selected, and came into the middle. This was a child of
+        seven, who was shy and clung to her mother. The mother fondled her,
+        and said, <span class="tei tei-q">“My Ælia! Rejoice that thou art not
+        the fated victim. The god has surrendered thee to me. Be speedy with
+        the verse, and I will give thee <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">crustulæ</span></span> that are in my
+        basket.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">So encouraged, the
+        frightened child rattled out some lines, then halted; her memory had
+        failed, and she had to be reminded of the rest. At last she also was
+        free, ran to her mother’s bosom and was comforted with cakes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A young man with
+        folded arms stood lounging <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page11">[pg
+        11]</span><a name="Pg011" id="Pg011" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>near
+        the great basin. He occasionally addressed a shorter man, a client
+        apparently, from his cringing manner and the set smile he wore when
+        addressing or addressed by the other.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“By Hercules!”</span> said the first. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Or let me rather swear by Venus and her wayward son, the
+        Bow-bearer, that is a handsome girl yonder, she who is the tallest,
+        and methinks the eldest of all. What is her name, my
+        Callipodius?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She that looks so scared, O supremity of excellent
+        youths, Æmilius Lentulus Varo! I believe that she is the daughter and
+        only child of the widow Quincta, who lost her husband two years ago,
+        and has refused marriage since. They whisper strange things
+        concerning her.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What things, thou tittle-tattle bearer?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, I bear but what is desired of me. Didst thou not
+        inquire of me who the maiden was? I have a mind to make no answer.
+        But who can deny anything to thee?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“By the genius of Augustus,”</span> exclaimed the patron,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“thou makest me turn away my head at thy
+        unctuous flattery. The peasants do all their cooking in oil, and when
+        their meals be set on the table the appetite is taken away, there is
+        too much <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page12">[pg 12]</span><a name=
+        "Pg012" id="Pg012" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>oil. It is so with thy
+        conversation. Come, thy news.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I speak but what I feel. But see how the circle is
+        shrunk. As to the scandal thou wouldst hear, it is this. The report
+        goes that the widow and her daughter are infected with a foreign
+        superstition, and worship an ass’s head.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“An ass’s head hast thou to hold and repeat such lies.
+        Look at the virgin. Didst ever see one more modest, one who more
+        bears the stamp of sound reason and of virtue on her brow. The next
+        thou wilt say is——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That these Christians devour young children.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“This is slander, not scandal. By Jupiter Camulus! the
+        circle is reduced to four, and she, that fair maid, is still in it.
+        There is Quinctilla, the daughter of Largus; look at him, how he eyes
+        her with agony in his face! There is Vestilia Patercola. I would to
+        the gods that the fair—what is her name?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Har——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah!”</span> interrupted the patron, uneasily.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Quinctilla is out.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Her father, Aulus Harpinius——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“See, see!”</span> again burst in the youth Æmilius,
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page13">[pg 13]</span><a name="Pg013"
+        id="Pg013" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span class="tei tei-q">“there
+        are but two left; that little brown girl, and she whom thou
+        namest——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Perpetua.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now arrived the
+        supreme moment—that of the final selection. The choosing girl, in
+        whose hand was the apple, stood before those who alone remained. She
+        began:</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-left: 2.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 4.00em">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“One, two</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 4.00em; text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Drops of
+            dew.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Although there was
+        so vast a concourse present, not a sound could be heard, save the
+        voice of the girl repeating the jingle, and the rush of the holy
+        water over the weir. Every breath was held.</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 4.00em">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“Nine and
+            ten,</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 4.00em; text-align: left">
+            Pass again.
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Golden pippin, now I cast,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Thou, Portumna,
+            touched at last.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At once the brown
+        girl skipped to the basin, cast in her garland, and the high
+        priestess, raising her hand, stepped forward, pointed to Perpetua,
+        and cried, <span class="tei tei-q">“Est.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page14">[pg 14]</span><a name="Pg014"
+        id="Pg014" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc5" id=
+        "toc5"></a><a name="pdf6" id="pdf6"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER II</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">ÆMILIUS</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the lot had
+        fallen, then a cry rang from among the spectators, and a woman,
+        wearing the white cloak of widowhood, would have fallen, had she not
+        been caught and sustained by a man in a brown tunic and <span lang=
+        "la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">lacerna</span></span> (short cloak).</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Be not overcome, lady,”</span> said this man in a low
+        tone. <span class="tei tei-q">“What thou losest is lent to the
+        Lord.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Baudillas,”</span> sobbed the woman, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“she is my only child, and is to be sacrificed to
+        devils.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The devil hath no part in her. She is the Lord’s, and
+        the Lord will preserve His own.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Will He give her back to me? Will He deliver her from
+        the hands of His enemies?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The Lord is mighty even to do this. But I say not that
+        it will be done as thou desirest. Put thy trust in Him. Did Abraham
+        withhold his son, his only son, when God demanded him?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But this is not God, it is Nemausus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nemausus is naught but a creature, a fountain, fed by
+        God’s rains. It is the Lord’s doing that the <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page15">[pg 15]</span><a name="Pg015" id="Pg015" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>lot has fallen thus. It is done to try thy
+        faith, as of old the faith of Abraham was tried.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The poor mother
+        clasped her arms, and buried her head in them.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the girl
+        thrust aside such as interposed and essayed to reach her mother. The
+        priestesses laid hands on her, to stay her, but she said:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Suffer me to kiss my mother, and to comfort her. Do not
+        doubt that I will preserve a smiling countenance.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot permit it,”</span> said the high priestess.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“There will be resistance and
+        tears.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And therefore,”</span> said the girl, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“you put drops of oil or water into the ears of oxen
+        brought to the altars, that they may nod their heads, and so seem to
+        express consent. Let me console my mother, so shall I be able to go
+        gladly to death. Otherwise I may weep, and thereby mar thy
+        sacrifice.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then, with
+        firmness, she thrust through the belt of priestesses, and clasped the
+        almost fainting and despairing mother to her heart.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Be of good courage,”</span> she said. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Be like unto Felicitas, who sent her sons, one by one,
+        to receive the crown, and who—blessed mother that she
+        was—<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page16">[pg 16]</span><a name=
+        "Pg016" id="Pg016" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>encouraged them in
+        their torments to play the man for Christ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But thou art my only child.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And she offered them all to God.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am a widow, and alone.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And such was she.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then said the
+        brown-habited man whom the lady had called Baudillas:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Quincta, remember that she is taken from an evil world,
+        in which are snares, and that God may have chosen to deliver her by
+        this means from some great peril to her soul, against which thou
+        wouldst have been powerless to protect her.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot bear it,”</span> gasped the heart-broken woman.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I have lived only for her. She is my
+        all.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Perpetua
+        gently unclasped the arms of her mother, who was lapsing into
+        unconsciousness, kissed her, and said:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The God of all strength and comfort be to thee a strong
+        tower of defence.”</span> And hastily returned to the basin.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The young man who
+        before had noticed Perpetua, turned with quivering lip to his
+        companion, and said:</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page17">[pg
+        17]</span><a name="Pg017" id="Pg017" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I would forswear Nemausus—that he should exact such a
+        price. Look at her face, Callipodius. Is it the sun that lightens it?
+        By Hercules, I could swear that it streamed with effulgence from
+        within—as though she were one of the gods.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The more beautiful and innocent she be, the more
+        grateful is she to the august Archegos!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Pshaw!”</span> scoffed the young man; his hand clutched
+        the marble balustrade convulsively, and the blood suffused his brow
+        and cheeks and throat. <span class="tei tei-q">“I believe naught
+        concerning these deities. My father was a shrewd man, and he ever
+        said that the ignorant people created their own gods out of heroes,
+        or the things of Nature, which they understood not, being
+        beasts.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But tell me, Æmilius—and thou art a profundity of
+        wisdom, unsounded as is this spring—what is this
+        Nemausus?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The fountain.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And how comes the fountain to ever heave with water, and
+        never to fail. Verily it lives. See—it is as a thing that hath life
+        and movement. If not a deity, then what is it?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay—I cannot say. But it is subject to
+        destiny.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page18">[pg
+        18]</span><a name="Pg018" id="Pg018" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“In what way?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ruled to flow.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But who imposed the rule?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Silence! I can think of naught save the innocent virgin
+        thus sacrificed to besotted ignorance.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Thou canst not prevent it. Therefore look on, as at a
+        show.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot prevent it. I marvel at the magistrates—that
+        they endure it. They would not do so were it to touch at all those of
+        the upper town. Besides, did not the god Claudius——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“They are binding her.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She refuses to be bound.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Shrieks now rang
+        from the frantic mother, and she made desperate efforts to reach her
+        daughter. She was deaf to the consolations of Baudillas, and to the
+        remonstrances and entreaties of the people around her, who pitied and
+        yet could not help her. Then said the ædile to his police,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Remove the woman!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The chief priest
+        made a sign, and at once the trumpeters began to bray through their
+        brazen tubes, making such a noise as to drown the cries of the
+        mother.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I would to the gods I could save her,”</span> said
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page19">[pg 19]</span><a name="Pg019"
+        id="Pg019" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Æmilius between his teeth. He
+        clenched his hands, and his eyes flashed. Then, without well knowing
+        what he did, he unloosed his toga, at the same time that the
+        priestesses divested Perpetua of her girded stole, and revealed her
+        graceful young form in the tunic bordered with purple indicative of
+        the nobility of the house to which she belonged.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The priest had
+        bound her hands; but Perpetua smiled, and shook off the bonds at her
+        feet. <span class="tei tei-q">“Let be,”</span> she said, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I shall not resist.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On her head she
+        still wore a crown of white narcissus. Not more fresh and pure were
+        these flowers than her delicate face, which the blood had left. Ever
+        and anon she turned her eyes in the direction of her mother, but she
+        could no longer see her, as the attendants formed a ring so compact
+        that none could break through.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Elect of the god, bride of Nemausus!”</span> said the
+        chief priestess, <span class="tei tei-q">“ascend the balustrade of
+        the holy perennial fountain.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Without shrinking,
+        the girl obeyed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She fixed her eyes
+        steadily on the sky, and then made the sacred sign on her brow.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What doest thou?”</span> asked the priestess.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Some witchcraft I
+        trow.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page20">[pg
+        20]</span><a name="Pg020" id="Pg020" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No witchcraft, indeed,”</span> answered the girl.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I do but invoke the Father of Lights with
+        whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah, Apollo!—he is not so great a god as our
+        Nemausus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then at a sign,
+        the trumpeters blew a furious bellow and as suddenly ceased.
+        Whereupon to the strains of flutes and the tinkling of triangles, the
+        choir broke forth into the last verse of the hymn:</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-left: 2.00em; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“Thou, the
+            perennial, loving tender virgins,</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "text-align: left; margin-left: 10.00em">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Father
+            Nemausus.”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As they chanted,
+        and a cloud of incense mounted around her, Perpetua looked down into
+        the water. It was green as glacier ice, and so full of bubbles in
+        places as to be there semi-opaque. The depth seemed infinite. No
+        bottom was visible. No fish darted through it. An immense volume
+        boiled up unceasingly from unknown, unfathomed depths. The wavelets
+        lapped the marble breasting as though licking it with greed expecting
+        their victim.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The water, after
+        brimming the basin, flowed away over a sluice under a bridge as a
+        considerable stream. <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page21">[pg
+        21]</span><a name="Pg021" id="Pg021" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Then
+        it lost its sanctity and was employed for profane uses.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua heard the
+        song of the ministers of the god, but gave no heed to it, for her
+        lips moved in prayer, and her soul was already unfurling its pure
+        wings to soar into that Presence before which, as she surely
+        expected, she was about to appear.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the chorus
+        had reached the line:</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-lg" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em; margin-left: 2.00em">
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“May thy
+            selection be the best and fittest,</span>
+          </div>
+
+          <div class="tei tei-l" style=
+          "margin-left: 10.00em; text-align: left">
+            <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">Father
+            Nemausus!”</span>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">then she was
+        thrust by three priestesses from the balustrade and precipitated into
+        the basin. She uttered no cry, but from all present a gasp of breath
+        was audible.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">For a moment she
+        disappeared in the vitreous waters, and her white garland alone
+        remained floating on the surface.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then her dress
+        glimmered, next her arm, as the surging spring threw her up.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Suddenly from the
+        entire concourse rose a cry of astonishment and dismay.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The young man,
+        Æmilius Lentulus Varo, had leaped into the holy basin.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Why had he so
+        leaped? Why?</p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page22">[pg 22]</span><a name="Pg022"
+        id="Pg022" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc7" id=
+        "toc7"></a><a name="pdf8" id="pdf8"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER III</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The chain of
+        priests and priestesses could not restrain the mob, that thrust
+        forward to the great basin, to see the result.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Exclamations of
+        every description rose from the throng.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He fell in!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, he cast himself in. The god will withdraw the holy
+        waters. It was impious. The fountain is polluted.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Was it not defiled when a dead tom-cat was found in it?
+        Yet the fountain ceased not to flow.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The maiden floats!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Why should the god pick out the handsomest girl? His
+        blood is ice-cold. She is not a morsel for him,”</span> scoffed a
+        red-faced senator.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He rises! He is swimming.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He has grappled the damsel.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is striking out! Bene! Bene!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Encourage not the sacrilegious one! Thou makest thyself
+        partaker in his impiety!”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page23">[pg 23]</span><a name="Pg023" id="Pg023" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What will the magistrates do?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Do! Coil up like wood-lice, and uncurl only when all is
+        forgotten.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is a Christian.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“His father was a philosopher. He swears by the
+        gods.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is an atheist.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“See! See! He is sustaining her head.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She is not dead; she gasps.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Body of Bacchus! how the water boils. The god is
+        wroth.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Bah! It boils no more now than it did
+        yesterday.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the ice-green
+        water could be seen the young man with nervous arms striking out. He
+        held up the girl with one arm. The swell of the rising volumes of
+        water greatly facilitated his efforts. Indeed the upsurging flood had
+        such force, that to die by drowning in it was a death by inches, for
+        as often as a body went beneath the surface, it was again propelled
+        upwards.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In a minute he was
+        at the breastwork, had one hand on it, then called: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Help, some one, to lift her out!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thereupon the man
+        clothed in brown wool put <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page24">[pg
+        24]</span><a name="Pg024" id="Pg024" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>down
+        his arms, clasped the half-conscious girl and raised her from the
+        water. Callipodius assisted, and between them she was lifted out of
+        the basin. The priests and priestesses remonstrated with loud cries.
+        But some of the spectators cheered. A considerable portion of the men
+        ranged themselves beside the two who had the girl in their arms, and
+        prevented the ministers of Nemausus from recovering Perpetua from the
+        hands of her rescuers.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The men of the
+        upper town—Greek colonists, or their descendants—looked
+        superciliously and incredulously on the cult of the Gallic deity of
+        the fountain. It was tolerated, but laughed at, as something that
+        belonged to a class of citizens that was below them in standing.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In another moment
+        Æmilius Lentulus had thrown himself upon the balustrade, and stood
+        facing the crowd, dripping from every limb, but with a laughing
+        countenance.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Seeing that the
+        mob was swayed by differing currents of feeling and opinion, knowing
+        the people with whom he had to do, he stooped, whispered something
+        into the ear of Callipodius; then, folding his arms, he looked
+        smilingly around at the tossing crowd, and no sooner did he see his
+        opportunity <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page25">[pg
+        25]</span><a name="Pg025" id="Pg025" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>than,
+        unclasping his arms, he assumed the attitude of an orator, and
+        cried:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Men and brethren of the good city of Nemausus! I marvel
+        at ye, that ye dare to set at naught the laws of imperial and eternal
+        Rome. Are ye not aware that the god Claudius issued an edict with
+        special application to Gaul, that forever forbade human sacrifices?
+        Has that edict been withdrawn? I have myself seen and read it graven
+        in brass on the steps of the Capitoline Hill at Rome. So long as that
+        law stands unrepealed ye are transgressors.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The edict has fallen into desuetude, and desuetude
+        abrogates a law!”</span> called one man.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Is it so? How many have suffered under Nero, under
+        Caius, because they transgressed laws long forgotten? Let some one
+        inform against the priesthood of Nemausus and carry the case to
+        Rome.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A stillness fell
+        on the assembly. The priests looked at one another.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But see!”</span> continued Æmilius, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I call you to witness this day. The god himself rejects
+        such illegal offerings. Did you not perceive how he spurned the
+        virgin from him when ye did impiously cast her into his holy urn?
+        Does he not sustain <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page26">[pg
+        26]</span><a name="Pg026" id="Pg026" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>life
+        with his waters, and not destroy it? Had he desired the sacrifice
+        then would he have gulped it down, and you would have seen the maiden
+        no more. Not so! He rejected her; with his watery arms he repelled
+        her. Every crystal wave he cast up was a rejection. I saw it, and I
+        leaped in to deliver the god from the mortal flesh that he refused. I
+        appeal to you all again. To whom did the silver image cast the apple?
+        Was it to the maiden destined to die? Nay, verily, it was to her who
+        was to live. The golden pippin was a fruit of life, whereby he
+        designated such as he willed to live. Therefore, I say that the god
+        loveth life and not death. Friends and citizens of Nemausus, ye have
+        transgressed the law, and ye have violated the will of the divine
+        Archegos who founded our city and by whose largess of water we
+        live.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then one in the
+        crowd shouted: <span class="tei tei-q">“There is a virgin cast yearly
+        from the bridge over the Rhodanus at Avenio.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye! and much doth that advantage the bridge and the
+        city. Did not the floods last November carry away an arch and
+        inundate an entire quarter of the town? Was the divine river
+        forgetful that he had received his obligation, or was he ungrateful
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page27">[pg 27]</span><a name="Pg027"
+        id="Pg027" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>for the favor? Naught that is
+        godlike can be either.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He demanded another life.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay! He was indignant that the fools of Avenio should
+        continue to treat him as though he were a wild beast that had to be
+        glutted, and not as a god. All you parents that fear for your
+        children! Some of you have already lost your daughters, and have
+        trembled for them; combine, and with one voice proclaim that you will
+        no more suffer this. Look to the urn of the divine Nemausus. See how
+        evenly the ripples run. Dip your fingers in the water and feel how
+        passionless it is. Has he blown forth a blast of seething water and
+        steam like the hot springs of Aquæ Sextiæ? Has his fountain clouded
+        with anger? Was the god powerless to avenge the act when I plunged
+        in? If he had desired the death of the maiden would he have suffered
+        me, a mortal, to pluck her from his gelid lips? Make room on Olympus,
+        O ye gods, and prepare a throne for Common Sense, and let her have
+        domain over the minds of men.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is no such god,”</span> called one in the
+        crowd.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ye know her not, so besotted are
+        ye.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page28">[pg
+        28]</span><a name="Pg028" id="Pg028" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He blasphemes, he mocks the holy and immortal
+        ones.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is ye who mock them when ye make of them as great
+        clowns as yourselves. The true eternal gods laugh to hear me speak
+        the truth. Look at the sun. Look at the water, with its many
+        twinkling smiles. The gods approve.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Whilst the young
+        man thus harangued and amused the populace, Baudillas and Quincta,
+        assisted by two female slaves of the latter, removed the drenched,
+        dripping, and half-drowned girl. They bore her with the utmost
+        dispatch out of the crowd down a sidewalk of the city gardens to a
+        bench, on which they laid her, till she had sufficiently recovered to
+        open her eyes and recognize those who surrounded her.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then said the
+        widow to one of the servants: <span class="tei tei-q">“Run,
+        Petronella, and bid the steward send porters with a litter. We must
+        convey Perpetua as speedily as possible from hence, lest there be a
+        riot, and the ministers of the devil stir up the people to insist
+        upon again casting her into the water.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“By your leave, lady,”</span> said Baudillas,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I would advise that, at first, she should
+        not be conveyed to your house, but to mine. It is probable, should
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page29">[pg 29]</span><a name="Pg029"
+        id="Pg029" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>that happen which you fear,
+        that the populace may make a rush to your dwelling, in their attempt
+        to get hold of the lady, your daughter. It were well that she
+        remained for a while concealed in my house. Send for the porters to
+        bring the litter later, when falls the night.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are right,”</span> said Quincta. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It shall be so.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“As in the Acts of the Blessed Apostles it is related
+        that the craftsmen who lived by making silver shrines for Diana
+        stirred up the people of Ephesus, so may it be now. There are many
+        who get their living by the old religion, many whose position and
+        influence depend on its maintenance, and such will not lightly allow
+        a slight to be cast on their superstitions like as has been offered
+        this day. But by evenfall we shall know the humor of the people.
+        Young lady, lean on my arm and let me conduct thee to my lodging.
+        Thou canst there abide till it is safe for thee to
+        depart.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the
+        brown-habited man took the maiden’s arm.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas was a
+        deacon of the Church in Nemausus—a man somewhat advanced in life. His
+        humility, and, perhaps, also his lack of scholarship, prevented his
+        aspiring to a higher office; moreover, he <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page30">[pg 30]</span><a name="Pg030" id="Pg030" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>was an admirable minister of the Church as
+        deacon, at a period when the office was mainly one of keeping the
+        registers of the sick and poor, and of distributing alms among such
+        as were in need.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon was the
+        treasurer of the Church, and he was a man selected for his business
+        habits and practical turn of mind. By his office he was more
+        concerned with the material than the spiritual distresses of men.
+        Nevertheless, he was of the utmost value to the bishops and
+        presbyters, for he was their feeler, groping among the poorest,
+        entering into the worst haunts of misery and vice, quick to detect
+        tokens of desire for better things, and ready to make use of every
+        opening for giving rudimentary instruction.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Those who occupied
+        the higher grades in the Church, even at this early period, were, for
+        the most part, selected from the cultured and noble classes; not that
+        the Church had respect of persons, but because of the need there was
+        of possessing men who could penetrate into the best houses, and who,
+        being related to the governing classes, might influence the upper
+        strata of society, as well as that which was below. The great houses
+        with their families of slaves in the city, and of servile laborers on
+        their <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page31">[pg 31]</span><a name=
+        "Pg031" id="Pg031" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>estates, possessed vast
+        influence for good or evil. A believing master could flood a whole
+        population that depended on him with light, and was certain to treat
+        his slaves with Christian humanity. On the other hand, it
+        occasionally happened that it was through a poor slave that the truth
+        reached the heart of a master or mistress.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas led the
+        girl, now shivering with cold, from the garden, and speedily reached
+        a narrow street. Here the houses on each side were lofty, unadorned,
+        and had windows only in the upper stories, arched with brick and
+        unglazed. In cold weather they were closed with shutters.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The pavement of
+        the street was of cobble-stones and rough. No one was visible; no
+        sound issued from the houses, save only from one whence came the
+        rattle of a loom; and a dog chained at a door barked furiously as the
+        little party went by.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“This is the house,”</span> said Baudillas, and he struck
+        against a door.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After some waiting
+        a bar was withdrawn within, and the door, that consisted of two
+        valves, was opened by an old, slightly lame slave.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Pedo,”</span> said the deacon, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“has all been well?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“All is well, master,”</span> answered the
+        man.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page32">[pg 32]</span><a name=
+        "Pg032" id="Pg032" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Enter, ladies,”</span> said Baudillas. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My house is humble and out of repair, but it was once
+        notable. Enter and rest you awhile. I will bid Pedo search for a
+        change of garments for Perpetua.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Hark,”</span> exclaimed Quincta, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I hear a sound like the roar of the sea.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is the voice of the people. It is a roar like that
+        for blood, that goes up from the amphitheater.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page33">[pg 33]</span><a name="Pg033"
+        id="Pg033" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc9" id=
+        "toc9"></a><a name="pdf10" id="pdf10"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER IV</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">THE UTRICULARES</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The singular
+        transformation that had taken place in the presiding deity of the
+        fountain, from being a nymph into a male god, had not been
+        sufficiently complete to alter the worship of the deity. As in the
+        days of Druidism, the sacred source was under the charge of
+        priestesses, and although, with the change of sex of the deity,
+        priests had been appointed to the temple, yet they were few, and
+        occupied a position of subordination to the chief priestess. She was
+        a woman of sagacity and knowledge of human nature. She perceived
+        immediately how critical was the situation. If Æmilius Lentulus were
+        allowed to proceed with his speech he would draw to him the excitable
+        Southern minds, and it was quite possible might provoke a tumult in
+        which the temple would be wrecked. At the least, his words would
+        serve to chill popular devotion.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The period when
+        Christianity began to radiate through the Roman world was one when
+        the tradi<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page34">[pg 34]</span><a name=
+        "Pg034" id="Pg034" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>tional paganism with
+        its associated rights, that had contented a simpler age, had lost its
+        hold on the thoughtful and cultured. Those who were esteemed the
+        leaders of society mocked at religion, and although they conformed to
+        its ceremonial, did so with ill-disguised contempt. At their tables,
+        before their slaves, they laughed at the sacred myths related of the
+        gods, as absurd and indecent, and the slaves thought it became them
+        to affect the same incredulity as their masters. Sober thinkers
+        endeavored to save some form of religion by explaining away the
+        monstrous legends, and attributing them to the wayward imagination of
+        poets. The existence of the gods they admitted, but argued that the
+        gods were the unintelligent and blind forces of nature; or that, if
+        rational, they stood apart in cold exclusiveness and cared naught for
+        mankind. Many threw themselves into a position of agnosticism. They
+        professed to believe in nothing but what their senses assured them
+        did exist, and asserted that as there was no evidence to warrant them
+        in declaring that there were gods, they could not believe in them;
+        that moreover, as there was no revelation of a moral law, there
+        existed no distinction between right and wrong. Therefore, the only
+        workable maxim on <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page35">[pg
+        35]</span><a name="Pg035" id="Pg035" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>which
+        to rule life was: <span class="tei tei-q">“Let us eat and drink, for
+        to-morrow we may die.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Over all men hung
+        the threatening cloud of death. All must undergo the waning of the
+        vital powers, the failure of health, the withering of beauty, the
+        loss of appetite for the pleasure of life, or if not the loss of
+        appetite, at least the faculty for enjoyment.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There was no
+        shaking off the oppressive burden, no escape from the gathering
+        shadow. Yet, just as those on the edge of a precipice throw
+        themselves over, through giddiness, so did men rush on
+        self-destruction in startling numbers and with levity, because weary
+        of life, and these were precisely such as had enjoyed wealth to the
+        full and had run through the whole gamut of pleasures.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">What happened
+        after death? Was there any continuance of existence?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Men craved to
+        know. They felt that life was too brief altogether for the
+        satisfaction of the aspirations of their souls. They ran from one
+        pleasure to another without filling the void within.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Consequently,
+        having lost faith in the traditional religion—it was not a
+        creed—itself a composite out of some Latin, some Etruscan, and some
+        Greek myth and cult, they looked elsewhere for what they
+        re<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page36">[pg 36]</span><a name="Pg036"
+        id="Pg036" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>quired. Consciences, agonized
+        by remorse, sought expiation in secret mysteries, only to find that
+        they afforded no relief at all. Minds craving after faith plunged
+        into philosophic speculations that led to nothing but unsolved
+        eternal query. Souls hungering, thirsting after God the Ideal of all
+        that is Holy and pure and lovable, adopted the strange religions
+        imported from the East and South; some became votaries of the
+        Egyptian Isis and Serapis, others of the Persian Mithras—all to find
+        that they had pursued bubbles.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the midst of
+        this general disturbance of old ideas, in the midst of a widespread
+        despair, Christianity flashed forth and offered what was desired by
+        the earnest, the thoughtful, the down-trodden and the
+        conscience-stricken—a revelation made by the Father of Spirits as to
+        what is the destiny of man, what is the law of right and wrong, what
+        is in store for those who obey the law; how also pardon might be
+        obtained for transgression, and grace to restore fallen humanity.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Christianity
+        meeting a wide-felt want spread rapidly, not only among the poor and
+        oppressed, but extensively among the cultured and the noble. All
+        connected by interest, or prejudiced by association <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page37">[pg 37]</span><a name="Pg037" id="Pg037"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>with the dominant and established
+        paganism, were uneasy and alarmed. The traditional religion was
+        honeycombed and tottering to its fall, and how it was to be revived
+        they knew not. That it would be supplanted by the new faith in Christ
+        was what they feared.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The chief
+        priestess of Nemausus knew that in the then condition of minds an act
+        of overt defiance might lead to a very general apostasy. It was to
+        her of sovereign importance to arrest the movement at once, to
+        silence Æmilius, to have him punished for his act of sacrilege, and
+        to recover possession of Perpetua.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She snatched the
+        golden apple from the hand of the image, and, giving it to an
+        attendant, said: <span class="tei tei-q">“Run everywhere; touch and
+        summon the Cultores Nemausi.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The girl did as
+        commanded. She sped among the crowd, and, with the pippin, touched
+        one, then another, calling: <span class="tei tei-q">“Worshippers of
+        Nemausus, to the aid of the god!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The result was
+        manifest at once. It was as though an electrical shock had passed
+        through the multitude. Those touched and those who had heard the
+        summons at once disengaged themselves from the <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page38">[pg 38]</span><a name="Pg038" id="Pg038"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>crush, drew together, and ceased to
+        express their individual opinions. Indeed, such as had previously
+        applauded the sentiments of Æmilius, now assumed an attitude of
+        disapprobation.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Rapidly men
+        rallied about the white-robed priestesses, who surrounded the silver
+        image.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To understand what
+        was taking place it is necessary that a few words should be given in
+        explanation.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Roman
+        population of the towns—not in Italy only, but in all the Romanized
+        provinces, banded itself in colleges or societies very much like our
+        benefit clubs. Those guilds were very generally under the invocation
+        of some god or goddess, and those who belonged to them were entitled
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Cultores”</span> or worshippers of such or
+        such a deity. These clubs had their secretaries and treasurers, their
+        places of meeting, their common chests, their feasts, and their
+        several constitutions. Each society made provision for its members in
+        time of sickness, and furnished a dignified funeral in the club
+        Columbarium, after which all sat down to a funeral banquet in the
+        supper room attached to the cemetery. These colleges or guilds
+        enjoyed great privileges, and were protected by the law.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At a time when a
+        political career was closed <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page39">[pg
+        39]</span><a name="Pg039" id="Pg039" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>to
+        all but such as belonged to the governing class, the affairs of these
+        clubs engrossed the attention of the members and evoked great rivalry
+        and controversies. One admirable effect of the clubs was the
+        development of a spirit of fellowship among the members, and another
+        was that it tended in a measure to break down class exclusiveness.
+        Men of rank and wealth, aware of the power exercised by these guilds,
+        eagerly accepted the offices of patron to them, though the clubs
+        might be those of cord-wainers, armorers or sailmakers. And those who
+        were ordinary members of a guild regarded their patrons with
+        affection and loyalty. Now that the signal had been sent round to
+        rally the Cultores Nemausi, every member forgot his private feeling,
+        sank his individual opinion, and fell into rank with his fellows,
+        united in one common object—the maintenance by every available man,
+        and at every sacrifice, of the respect due to the god.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">These Cultores
+        Nemausi at once formed into organized bodies under their several
+        officers, in face of a confused crowd that drifted hither and thither
+        without purpose and without cohesion.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius found
+        himself no longer hearkened to. To him this was a matter of no
+        concern. He had <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page40">[pg
+        40]</span><a name="Pg040" id="Pg040" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>sought to engage attention only so as to
+        withdraw it from Perpetua and leave opportunity for her friends to
+        remove her.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now that this
+        object was attained, he laughingly leaped from the balustrade and
+        made as though he was about to return home.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But at once the
+        chief priestess saw his object, and cried: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Seize him! He blasphemes the god, founder of the city.
+        He would destroy the college. Let him be conveyed into the temple,
+        that the Holy One may there deal with him as he wills.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Prefect of
+        Police, whose duty it was to keep order, now advanced with the few
+        men he had deemed necessary to bring with him, and he said in
+        peremptory tone:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We can suffer no violence. If he has transgressed the
+        law, let him be impeached.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir,”</span> answered the priestess, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“we will use no violence. He has insulted the majesty of
+        the god. He has snatched from him his destined and devoted victim.
+        Yet we meditate no severe reprisals. All I seek is that he may be
+        brought into the presence of the god in the adytum, where is a table
+        spread with cakes. Let him there sprinkle incense on the fire and eat
+        of the cakes. Then he shall go free. <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page41">[pg 41]</span><a name="Pg041" id="Pg041" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>If the god be wroth, he will manifest his
+        indignation. But if, as I doubt not, he be placable, then shall this
+        man depart unmolested.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Against this I have naught to advance,”</span> said the
+        prefect.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But one standing
+        by whispered him: <span class="tei tei-q">“Those cakes are not to be
+        trusted. I have heard of one who ate and fell down in convulsions
+        after eating.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is a matter between the god and Æmilius Varo. I
+        have done my duty.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the
+        confraternity of the Cultores Nemausi spread itself so as to encircle
+        the place and include Æmilius, barring every passage. He might,
+        doubtless, have escaped had he taken to his heels at the first
+        summons of the club to congregate, but he had desired to occupy the
+        attention of the people as long as possible, and it did not comport
+        with his self-respect to run from danger.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Throwing over him
+        the toga which he had cast aside when he leaped into the pond, he
+        thrust one hand into his bosom and leisurely strode through the
+        crowd, waving them aside with the other hand, till he stopped by the
+        living barrier of the worshippers of Nemausus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You cannot pass, sir,”</span> said the captain of that
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page42">[pg 42]</span><a name="Pg042"
+        id="Pg042" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>party which intercepted his
+        exit. <span class="tei tei-q">“The chief priestess hath ordered that
+        thou appear before the god in his cella and then do worship and
+        submit thyself to his will.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And how is that will to be declared?”</span> asked the
+        young man, jestingly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir! thou must eat one of the dedicated
+        placenta.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have heard of these same cakes and have no stomach for
+        them.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nevertheless eat thou must.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What if I will not?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then constraint will be used. The prefect has given his
+        consent. Who is to deliver thee?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Who! Here come my deliverers!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A tramp of feet
+        was audible.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Instantly Æmilius
+        ran back to the balustrade, leaped upon it, and, waving his arm,
+        shouted:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To my aid, Utriculares! But use no violence.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Instantly with a
+        shout a dense body of men that had rolled into the gardens dashed
+        itself against the ring of Cultores Nemausi. They brandished marlin
+        spikes and oars to which were attached inflated goat-skins and
+        bladders. These they whirled around <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page43">[pg 43]</span><a name="Pg043" id="Pg043" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>their heads and with them they smote to the left
+        and to the right. The distended skins clashed against such as stood
+        in opposition, and sent them reeling backward; whereat the lusty men
+        wielding the wind-bags thrust their way as a wedge through their
+        ranks. The worshippers of Nemausus swore, screamed, remonstrated, but
+        were unable to withstand the onslaught. They were beaten back and
+        dispersed by the whirling bladders.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The general mob
+        roared with laughter and cheered the boatmen who formed the attacking
+        party. Cries of <span class="tei tei-q">“Well done, Utriculares! That
+        is a fine delivery, Wind-bag-men! Ha, ha! A hundred to five on the
+        Utriculares! You are come in the nick of time, afore your patron was
+        made to nibble the poisoned cakes.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The men armed with
+        air-distended skins did harm to none. Their weapons were calculated
+        to alarm and not to injure. To be banged in the face with a bladder
+        was almost as disconcerting as to be smitten with a cudgel, but it
+        left no bruise, it broke no bone, and the man sent staggering by a
+        wind-bag was received in the arms of those in rear with jibe or laugh
+        and elicited no compassion.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Utriculares
+        speedily reached Æmilius, gave <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page44">[pg 44]</span><a name="Pg044" id="Pg044" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>vent to a cheer; they lifted him on their
+        shoulders, and, swinging the inflated skins and shouting, marched
+        off, out of the gardens, through the Forum, down the main street of
+        the lower town unmolested, under the conduct of Callipodius.</p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page45">[pg 45]</span><a name="Pg045"
+        id="Pg045" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc11" id=
+        "toc11"></a><a name="pdf12" id="pdf12"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER V</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">THE LAGOONS</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The men who
+        carried and surrounded Æmilius proceeded in rapid march, chanting a
+        rhythmic song, through the town till they emerged on a sort of quay
+        beside a wide-spreading shallow lagoon. Here were moored numerous
+        rafts.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Now, sir,”</span> said one of the men, as Æmilius leaped
+        to the ground, <span class="tei tei-q">“if you will take my advice,
+        you will allow us to convey you at once to Arelate. This is hardly a
+        safe place for you at present.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I must thank you all, my gallant fellows, for your
+        timely aid. But for you I should have been forced to eat of the
+        dedicated cakes, and such as are out of favor with the god—or,
+        rather, with the priesthood that lives by him, as cockroaches and
+        black beetles by the baker—such are liable to get stomach aches,
+        which same stomach aches convey into the land where are no aches and
+        pains. I thank you all.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, sir, we did our duty. Are not you patron of the
+        Utriculares?”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page46">[pg
+        46]</span><a name="Pg046" id="Pg046" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am your patron assuredly, as you did me the honor to
+        elect me. If I have lacked zeal to do you service in time past,
+        henceforward be well assured I will devote my best energies to your
+        cause.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We are beholden to you, sir.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I to you—the rather.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perhaps the reader
+        will desire to understand who the wind-bag men were who had hurried
+        to the rescue of Æmilius. For the comprehension of this particular,
+        something must be said relative to the physical character of the
+        country.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The mighty Rhône
+        that receives the melted snows of the southern slope of the Bernese
+        Oberland and the northern incline of the opposed Pennine Alps
+        receives also the drain of the western side of the Jura, as well as
+        that of the Graian and Cottian Alps. The Durance pours in its
+        auxiliary flood below Avignon.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After a rapid thaw
+        of snow, or the breaking of charged rain clouds on the mountains,
+        these rivers increase in volume, and as the banks of the Rhône below
+        the junction of the Durance and St. Raphael are low, it overflows and
+        spreads through the flat alluvial delta. It would be more exact to
+        say that it was wont to overflow, rather than that it does so
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page47">[pg 47]</span><a name="Pg047"
+        id="Pg047" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>now. For at present, owing to
+        the embankments thrown up and maintained at enormous cost, the Rhône
+        can only occasionally submerge the low-lying land, whereas anciently
+        such floods were periodical and as surely expected as those of the
+        Nile.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The overflowing
+        Rhône formed a vast region of lagoons that extended from Tarascon and
+        Beaucaire to the Gulf of Lyons, and spread laterally over the Crau on
+        one side to Nîmes on the other. Nîmes itself stood on its own river,
+        the Vistre, but this fed marshes and <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“broads”</span> that were connected with the tangle of
+        lagoons formed by the Rhône.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Arelate, the great
+        emporium of the trade between Gaul and Italy, occupied a rocky islet
+        in the midst of water that extended as far as the eye could reach.
+        This tract of submerged land was some sixty miles in breadth by forty
+        in depth, was sown with islets of more or less elevation and extent.
+        Some were bold, rocky eminences, others were mere rubble and
+        sand-banks formed by the river. Arelate or Arles was accessible by
+        vessels up and down the river or by rafts that plied the lagoons, and
+        by the canal constructed by Marius, that traversed them from Fossoe
+        Marino. As the canal was not deep, and as the current of the river
+        was strong, ships were often unable <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page48">[pg 48]</span><a name="Pg048" id="Pg048" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>to ascend to the city through these arteries,
+        and had to discharge their merchandise on the coast upon rafts that
+        conveyed it to the great town, and when the floods permitted, carried
+        much to Nemausus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As the sheets of
+        water were in places and at periods shallow, the rafts were made
+        buoyant, though heavily laden, by means of inflated skins and
+        bladders placed beneath them.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As the conveyance
+        of merchandise engaged a prodigious number of persons, the raftsmen
+        had organized themselves into the guild of Utriculares, or Wind-bag
+        men, and as they became not infrequently involved in contests with
+        those whose interests they crossed, and on whose privileges they
+        infringed, they enlisted the aid of lawyers to act as their patrons,
+        to bully their enemies, and to fight their battles against
+        assailants. Among the numerous classic monumental inscriptions that
+        remain in Provence, there are many in which a man of position is
+        proud to have it recorded that he was an honorary member of the club
+        of the inflated-skin men.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Nemausus owed much
+        of its prosperity to the fact that it was the trade center for wool
+        and for skins. The Cevennes and the great limestone plateaux that
+        abut upon them nourished countless <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page49">[pg 49]</span><a name="Pg049" id="Pg049" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>herds of goats and flocks of sheep, and the
+        dress of everyone at the period being of wool the demand for fleeces
+        was great; consequently vast quantities of wool were brought from the
+        mountains of Nîmes, whence it was floated away on rafts sustained by
+        the skins that came from the same quarter.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The archipelago
+        that studded the fresh-water sea was inhabited by fishermen, and
+        these engaged in the raft-carriage. The district presented a singular
+        contrast of high culture and barbarism. In Arles, Nîmes, Narbonne
+        there was a Greek element. There was here and there an infusion of
+        Phœnician blood. The main body of the people consisted of the dusky
+        Ligurians, who had almost entirely lost their language, and had
+        adopted that of their Gaulish conquerors, the Volex. These latter
+        were distinguished by their fair hair, their clear complexions, their
+        stalwart frames. Another element in the composite mass was that of
+        the colonists. After the battle of Actium, Augustus had rewarded his
+        Egypto-Greek auxiliaries by planting them at Nemausus, and giving
+        them half the estates of the Gaulish nobility. To these Greeks were
+        added Roman merchants, round-headed, matter-of-fact looking men,
+        destitute of imagination, but full of practical
+        sense.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page50">[pg 50]</span><a name=
+        "Pg050" id="Pg050" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">These incongruous
+        elements that in the lapse of centuries have been fused, were, at the
+        time of this tale, fairly distinct.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are in the right, my friends,”</span> said Æmilius.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“The kiln is heated too hot for comfort. It
+        would roast me. I will go even to Arelate, if you will be good enough
+        to convey me thither.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“With the greatest of pleasure, sir.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius had an
+        office at Arles. He was a lawyer, but his headquarters were at
+        Nemausus, to which town he belonged by birth. He represented a good
+        family, and was descended from one of the colonists under Agrippa and
+        Augustus. His father was dead, and though he was not wealthy, he was
+        well off, and possessed a villa and estates on the mountain sides, at
+        some distance from the town. In the heats of summer he retired to his
+        villa.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On this day of
+        March there had been a considerable gathering of raftsmen at
+        Nemausus, who had utilized the swollen waters in the lagoons for the
+        conveyance of merchandise.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius stepped
+        upon a raft that seemed to be poised on bubbles, so light was it on
+        the surface of the water, and the men at once thrust from land with
+        their poles.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page51">[pg
+        51]</span><a name="Pg051" id="Pg051" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bottom was
+        everywhere visible, owing to the whiteness of the limestone pebbles
+        and the sand that composed it, and through the water darted
+        innumerable fish. The liquid element was clear. Neither the Vistre
+        nor the stream from the fountain brought down any mud, and the turbid
+        Rhône had deposited all its sediment before its waters reached and
+        mingled with those that flowed from the Cebennæ. There was no
+        perceptible current. The weeds under water were still, and the only
+        thing in motion were the darting fish.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The raftmen were
+        small, nimble fellows, with dark hair, dark eyes and pleasant faces.
+        They laughed and chatted with each other over the incident of the
+        rescue of their patron, but it was in their own dialect,
+        unintelligible to Æmilius, to whom they spoke in broken Latin, in
+        which were mingled Greek words.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now and then they
+        burst simultaneously into a wailing chant, and then interrupted their
+        song to laugh and gesticulate and mimic those who had been knocked
+        over by their wind-bags.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As Æmilius did not
+        understand their conversation and their antics did not amuse him, he
+        lay on the raft upon a wolfskin that had been spread over
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page52">[pg 52]</span><a name="Pg052"
+        id="Pg052" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the timber, looking dreamily
+        into the water and at the white golden flowers of the floating weeds
+        through which the raft was impelled. The ripples caused by the
+        displacement of the water caught and flashed the sun in his eyes like
+        lightning.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">His mind reverted
+        to what had taken place, but unlike the raftmen he did not consider
+        it from its humorous side. He wondered at himself for the active part
+        he had taken. He wondered at himself for having acted without
+        premeditation. Why had he interfered to save the life of a girl whom
+        he had not known even by name? Why had he been so indiscreet as to
+        involve himself in a quarrel with his fellow-citizens in a matter in
+        no way concerning him? What had impelled him so rashly to bring down
+        on himself the resentment of an influential and powerful body?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The youth of Rome
+        and of the Romanized provinces was at the time of the empire very
+        blasé. It enjoyed life early, and wearied rapidly of pleasure. It
+        became skeptical as to virtue, and looked on the world of men with
+        cynical contempt. It was selfish, sensual, cruel. But in Æmilius
+        there was something nobler than what existed in most; the perception
+        of what was good and true was not dead in him; <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page53">[pg 53]</span><a name="Pg053" id="Pg053"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>it had slept. And now the face of Perpetua
+        looked up at him out of the water. Was it her beauty that had so
+        attracted him as to make him for a moment mad and cast his cynicism
+        aside, as the butterfly throws away the chrysalis from which it
+        breaks? No, beautiful indeed she was, but there was in her face
+        something inexpressible, undefinable, even mentally; something
+        conceivable in a goddess, an aura from another world, an emanation
+        from Olympus. It was nothing that was subject to the rule. It was not
+        due to proportion; it could be seized by neither painter nor
+        sculptor. What was it? That puzzled him. He had been fascinated,
+        lifted out of his base and selfish self to risk his life to do a
+        generous, a noble act. He was incapable of explaining to himself what
+        had wrought this sudden change in him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He thought over
+        all that had taken place. How marvelous had been the serenity with
+        which Perpetua had faced death! How ready she was to cast away life
+        when life was in its prime and the world with all its pleasures was
+        opening before her! He could not understand this. He had seen men die
+        in the arena, but never thus. What had given the girl that look, as
+        though a light within shone through her features? What was there in
+        her that made him <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page54">[pg
+        54]</span><a name="Pg054" id="Pg054" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>feel
+        that to think of her, save with reverence, was to commit a
+        sacrilege?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the heart of
+        Æmilius there was, though he knew it not, something of that same
+        spirit which pervaded the best of men and the deepest thinkers in
+        that decaying, corrupt old world. All had acquired a disbelief in
+        virtue because they nowhere encountered it, and yet all were animated
+        with a passionate longing for it as the ideal, perhaps the
+        unattainable, but that which alone could make life really happy.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was this which
+        disturbed the dainty epicureanism of Horace, which gave verjuice to
+        the cynicism of Juvenal, which roused the savage bitterness of
+        Perseus. More markedly still, the craving after this better life, on
+        what based, he could not conjecture, filled the pastoral mind of
+        Virgil, and almost with a prophet’s fire, certainly with an aching
+        desire, he sang of the coming time when the vestiges of ancient fraud
+        would be swept away and the light of a better day, a day of truth and
+        goodness would break on the tear- and blood-stained world.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And now this dim
+        groping after what was better than he had seen; this inarticulate
+        yearning after something higher than the sordid round of pleasure;
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page55">[pg 55]</span><a name="Pg055"
+        id="Pg055" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>this innate assurance that to
+        man there is an ideal of spiritual loveliness and perfection to which
+        he can attain if shown the way—all this now had found expression in
+        the almost involuntary plunge into the <a name="corr055" id="corr055"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span class=
+        "tei tei-corr">Nemausean</span> pool. He had seen the ideal, and he
+        had broken with the regnant paganism to reach and rescue it.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What, my Æmilius! like Narcissus adoring thine
+        incomparable self in the water!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The young lawyer
+        started, and an expression of annoyance swept over his face. The
+        voice was that of Callipodius.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, my good friend,”</span> answered Æmilius,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I was otherwise engaged with my thoughts
+        than in thinking of my poor self.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Poor! with so many hides of land, vineyards and
+        sheep-walks and olive groves! Aye, and with a flourishing business,
+        and the possession of a matchless country residence at Ad
+        Fines.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Callipodius,”</span> said the patron, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“thou art a worthy creature, and lackest but one thing to
+        make thee excellent.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And what is that?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Bread made without salt is insipid, and conversation
+        seasoned with flattery nauseates. I have heard <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page56">[pg 56]</span><a name="Pg056" id="Pg056"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>of a slave who was smeared with honey and
+        exposed on a cross to wasps. When thou addressest me I seem to feel
+        as though thou wast dabbing honey over me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My Æmilius! But where would you find wasps to sting
+        you?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh! they are ready and eager—and I am flying them—all
+        the votaries of Nemausus thou hast seen this day. As thou lovest me,
+        leave me to myself, to rest. I am heavy with sleep, and the sun is
+        hot.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah! dreamer that thou art. I know that thou art thinking
+        of the fair Perpetua, that worshiper of an——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Cease; I will not hear this.”</span> Æmilius made an
+        angry gesture. Then he started up and struck at his brow.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“By Hercules! I am a coward, flying, flying,
+        when she is in extreme peril. Where is she now? Maybe those savages,
+        those fools, are hunting after her to cast her again into the basin,
+        or to thrust poisoned cakes into her mouth. By the Sacred Twins! I am
+        doing that which is unworthy of me—that for which I could never
+        condone. I am leaving the feeble and the helpless, unassisted,
+        unprotected in extremity of danger. Thrust back, my good men! Thrust
+        back! I cannot to Arelate. I must again to Nemausus!”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page57">[pg 57]</span><a name="Pg057"
+        id="Pg057" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc13" id=
+        "toc13"></a><a name="pdf14" id="pdf14"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER VI</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius had sprung
+        to his feet and called to the men to cease punting. They rested on
+        their poles, awaiting further instructions, and the impetus given to
+        the raft carried it among some yellow flags and rushes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Callipodius said:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I mostly admire the splendor of your
+        intellect, that shines forth with solar effulgence. But there are
+        seasons when the sun is eclipsed or obscured, and such is this with
+        thee. Surely thou dost not contemplate a return to Nemausus to risk
+        thy life without being in any way able to assist the damsel.
+        Consider, moreover—is it worth it—for a girl?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Callipodius,”</span> said the young lawyer in a tone of
+        vehemence, <span class="tei tei-q">“I cannot fly and place myself in
+        security and leave her exposed to the most dreadful danger. I did my
+        work by half only. What I did was unpremeditated, but that done must
+        be made a complete whole. When I undertake anything it is my way to
+        carry it out to a fair issue.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page58">[pg 58]</span><a name="Pg058" id="Pg058" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is true enough and worthy of your excellent
+        qualities of heart and mind. But you know nothing of this wench, and
+        be she all that you imagine, what is a woman that for her you should
+        jeopardize your little finger? Besides, her mother and kinsfolk will
+        hardly desire your aid, will certainly not invoke it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Why not?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Callipodius
+        shrugged his shoulders. <span class="tei tei-q">“You are a man of the
+        world—a votary of pleasure, and these people are Christians. They
+        will do their utmost for her. They hang together as a swarm of
+        bees.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Who and what are these people—this mother and her
+        kinsfolk?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I know little about them. They occupy a house in the
+        lower town, and that tells its own tale. They do not belong to the
+        quality to which you belong. The girl has been reputed beautiful, and
+        many light fellows have sought to see and have words with her. But
+        she is so zealously guarded, and is herself so retiring and modest
+        that they have encountered only rebuff and
+        disappointment.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I must return. I will know for certain that she is in
+        safety. Methinks no sooner were they balked <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page59">[pg 59]</span><a name="Pg059" id="Pg059" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>of me than they would direct all their efforts
+        to secure her.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You shall not go back to Nemausus. You would but
+        jeopardize your own valuable life without the possibility of
+        assisting her; nay, rather wouldst thou direct attention to her.
+        Leave the matter with me and trust my devotion to thine
+        interests.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I must learn tidings of her. I shall not rest till
+        assured that she is out of danger. By the infernal gods, Callipodius,
+        I know not what is come upon me, but I feel that if ill befall her, I
+        could throw myself on a sword and welcome death, life having lost to
+        me all value.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then I tell thee this, most resolute of men,”</span>
+        said Callipodius, <span class="tei tei-q">“I will return to the town.
+        My nothingness will pass unquestioned. Thou shalt tarry at the house
+        of Flavillus yonder on the promontory. He is a timber merchant, and
+        the place is clean. The woman bears a good name, and, what is better,
+        can cook well. The house is poor and undeserving of the honor of
+        receiving so distinguished a person as thyself; but if thou wilt
+        condescend——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Enough. I will do as thou advisest. And, oh, friend, be
+        speedy, relieve my anxiety and be true as thou dost value my
+        esteem.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page60">[pg
+        60]</span><a name="Pg060" id="Pg060" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Æmilius
+        signed to the raftmen to put him ashore at the landing place to the
+        timber yard of Flavillus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Having landed he
+        mounted a slight ascent to a cottage that was surrounded by piles of
+        wood—of oak, chestnut, pine and olive. Flavillus was a merchant on a
+        small scale, but a man of energy and industry. He dealt with the
+        natives of the Cebennæ, and bought the timber they felled, conveyed
+        it to his stores, whence it was distributed to the towns in the
+        neighborhood; and supplies were furnished to the shipbuilders at
+        Arelate.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The merchant was
+        now away, but his wife received Æmilius with deference. She had heard
+        his name from the raftmen, and was acquainted with Callipodius, a
+        word from whom sufficed as an introduction.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She apologized
+        because her house was small, as also because her mother, then with
+        her, was at the point of death from old age, not from any fever or
+        other disorder. If Æmilius Lentulus, under the circumstances, would
+        pardon imperfection in attendance, she would gladly extend to him
+        such hospitality as she could offer. Æmilius would have gone
+        elsewhere, but that the only other house he could think of that was
+        near was a tavern, then crowded by Utri<span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page61">[pg 61]</span><a name="Pg061" id="Pg061" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>culares, who occupied every corner. He was sorry
+        to inconvenience the woman, yet accepted her offer. The period was
+        not one in which much consideration was shown to those in a lower
+        grade. The citizens and nobles held that their inferiors existed for
+        their convenience only. Æmilius shared in the ideas of his time and
+        class, but he had sufficient natural delicacy to make him reluctant
+        to intrude where his presence was necessarily irksome. Nevertheless,
+        as there was no other place to which he could go, he put aside this
+        feeling of hesitation.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The house was
+        small, and was constructed of wood upon a stone basement. The
+        partitions between the rooms were of split planks, and the joints
+        were in places open, and knots had come out, so that what passed in
+        one apartment was audible, and, to some extent, visible in another. A
+        bedroom in a Roman house was a mere closet, furnished with a bed
+        only. All washing was done at the baths, not in the house. The room
+        had no window, only a door over which hung a curtain.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius divested
+        himself of his wet garment and gave it to his hostess to dry, then
+        wrapped himself in his toga and awaited supper.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The meal was
+        prepared as speedily as might be. <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page62">[pg 62]</span><a name="Pg062" id="Pg062" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>It consisted of eggs, eels, with melon, and
+        apples of last year. Wine was abundant, and so was oil.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When he had eaten
+        and was refreshed, moved by a kindly thought Æmilius asked if he
+        might see the sick mother. His hostess at once conducted him to her
+        apartment, and he stood by the old woman’s bed. The evening sun shone
+        in at the door, where stood the daughter holding back the curtain,
+        and lighted the face of the aged woman. It was thin, white and drawn.
+        The eyes were large and lustrous.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am an intruder,”</span> said the young man,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“yet I would not sleep the night in this
+        house without paying my respects to the mother of my kind hostess.
+        Alas! thou art one I learn who is unable to escape that which befalls
+        all mortals. It is a lot evaded only by the gods, if there be any
+        truth in the tales told concerning them. It must be a satisfaction to
+        you to contemplate the many pleasures enjoyed in a long life, just as
+        after an excellent meal we can in mind revert to it and retaste in
+        imagination every course—as indeed I do with the supper so daintily
+        furnished by my hostess.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah, sir,”</span> said the old woman, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“on the couch of death one looks not back but
+        forward.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page63">[pg
+        63]</span><a name="Pg063" id="Pg063" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And that also is true,”</span> remarked Æmilius.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“What is before you but everything that can
+        console the mind and gratify the ambition. With your excellent
+        daughter and the timber-yard hard by, you may calculate on a really
+        handsome funeral pyre—plenty of olive wood and fragrant pine logs
+        from the Cebennæ. I myself will be glad to contribute a handful of
+        oriental spices to throw into the flames.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir, I think not of that.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And the numbers who will attend and the orations that
+        will be made lauding your many virtues! It has struck me that one
+        thing only is wanting in a funeral to make it perfectly satisfactory,
+        and that is that the person consigned to the flames should be able to
+        see the pomp and hear the good things said of him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, sir, I regard not that!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No, like a wise woman, you look beyond.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye! aye!”</span> she folded her hands and a light came
+        into her eyes. <span class="tei tei-q">“I look beyond.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To the mausoleum and the cenotaph. Unquestionably the
+        worthy Flavillus will give you a monument as handsome as his means
+        will permit, and for many centuries your name will be memorialized
+        thereon.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page64">[pg
+        64]</span><a name="Pg064" id="Pg064" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, sir! my poor name! what care I for that? I ask
+        Flavillus to spend no money over my remains; and may my name be
+        enshrined in the heart of my daughter. But—it is written
+        elsewhere—even in Heaven.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I hardly comprehend.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“As to what happens to the body—that is of little concern
+        to me. I desire but one thing—to be dissolved, and to be with
+        Christ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah!—so—with Christ!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius rubbed his
+        chin.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is my Hope. He is my Salvation. In Him I shall live.
+        Death is swallowed up in Victory.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She rambles in her talk,”</span> said he, turning to the
+        daughter.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, sir, she is clear in her mind and dwells on the
+        thoughts that comfort her.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And that is not that she will have an expensive
+        funeral?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, no, sir!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nor that she will have a commemorative cenotaph
+        belauding her virtues?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the dying
+        woman said: <span class="tei tei-q">“I shall live—live forevermore. I
+        have passed from death unto life.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page65">[pg 65]</span><a name="Pg065" id="Pg065" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius shook his
+        head. If this was not the raving of a disordered mind, what could it
+        be?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He retired to his
+        apartment.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He was tired. He
+        had nothing to occupy him, so he cast himself on his bed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Shortly he heard
+        the voice of a man. He started and listened in the hopes that
+        Callipodius had returned, but as the tones were strange to him he lay
+        down again.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Presently a light
+        struck through a knot in the boards that divided his room from that
+        of the dying woman. Then he heard the strange voice say: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Peace be to this house and to all that dwell
+        therein.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is the physician,”</span> said Æmilius to himself.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Pshaw! what can he do? She is dying of old
+        age.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At first the
+        newcomer did inquire concerning the health of the patient, but then
+        rapidly passed to other matters, and these strange to the ear of the
+        young lawyer. He had gathered that the old woman was a Christian; but
+        of Christians he knew no more than that they were reported to worship
+        the head of an ass, to devour little children, and to indulge in
+        debauchery at their evening banquets.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page66">[pg 66]</span><a name="Pg066" id="Pg066" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The strange man
+        spoke to the dying woman—not of funeral and cenotaph as things to
+        look forward to, but to life and immortality, to joy and rest from
+        labor.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My daughter,”</span> said the stranger, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“indicate by sign that thou hearest me. Fortified by the
+        most precious gift thou wilt pass out of darkness into light, out of
+        sorrow into joy, from tears to gladness of heart, from where thou
+        seest through a glass darkly to where thou shalt look on the face of
+        Christ, the Sun of Righteousness. Though thou steppest down into the
+        river, yet His cross shall be thy stay and His staff shall comfort
+        thee. He goeth before to be thy guide. He standeth to be thy defence.
+        The spirits of evil cannot hurt thee. The Good Shepherd will gather
+        thee into His fold. The True Physician will heal all thine
+        infirmities. As the second Joshua, He will lead thee out of the
+        wilderness into the land of Promise. The angels of God surround thee.
+        The light of the heavenly city streams over thee. Rejoice, rejoice!
+        The night is done and the day is at hand. For all thy labors thou
+        shalt be recompensed double. For all thy sorrows He will comfort
+        thee. He will wipe away thy tears. He will cleanse thee from thy
+        stains. <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page67">[pg 67]</span><a name=
+        "Pg067" id="Pg067" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>He will feed thee with
+        all thy desire. Old things are passed away; all things are made new.
+        Thy heart shall laugh and sing—Pax!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius, looking
+        through a chink, saw the stranger lay his hand on the woman’s brow.
+        He saw how the next moment he withdrew it, and how, turning to her
+        daughter, he said:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Do not lament for her. She has passed from death unto
+        life. She sees Him, in whom she has believed, in whom she has hoped,
+        whom she has loved.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And the daughter
+        wiped her eyes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Well,”</span> said Æmilius to himself, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“now I begin to see how these people are led to face
+        death without fear. It is a pity that it should be delusion and mere
+        talk. Where is the evidence that it is other? Where is the foundation
+        for all this that is said?”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page68">[pg 68]</span><a name="Pg068"
+        id="Pg068" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc15" id=
+        "toc15"></a><a name="pdf16" id="pdf16"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER VII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">OBLATIONS</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The house into
+        which the widow lady and her daughter entered was that used by the
+        Christians of Nemausus as their church. A passage led into the
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">atrium</span></span>, a quadrangular court in
+        the midst of the house into which most of the rooms opened, and in
+        the center of which was a small basin of water. On the marble
+        breasting of this tank stood, in a heathen household, the altar to
+        the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">lares et penates</span></span>,
+        the tutelary gods of the dwelling. This court was open above for the
+        admission of light and air, and to allow the smoke to escape.
+        Originally this had been the central chamber of the Roman house, but
+        eventually it became a court. It was the focus of family life, and
+        the altar in it represented the primitive family hearth in times
+        before civilization had developed the house out of the cabin.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Whoever entered a
+        pagan household was expected, as token of respect, to strew a few
+        grains of incense on the ever-burning hearth, or to dip his fingers
+        in the water basin and flip a few drops over <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page69">[pg 69]</span><a name="Pg069" id="Pg069" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>the images. But in a Christian household no such
+        altar and images of gods were to be found. A Christian gave great
+        offense by refusing to comply with the generally received customs,
+        and his disregard on this point of etiquette was held to be as
+        indicative of boorishness and lack of graceful courtesy, as would be
+        the conduct nowadays of a man who walked into a drawing-room wearing
+        his hat.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Immediately
+        opposite the entrance into the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">atrium</span></span>, on the further side of the
+        tank, and beyond the altar to the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">lares et penates</span></span>, elevated above
+        the floor of the court by two or three white-marble steps, was a
+        semicircular chamber, with elaborate mosaic floor, and the walls
+        richly painted. This was the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">tablinum</span></span>. The paintings
+        represented scenes from heathen mythology in such houses as belonged
+        to pagans, but in the dwelling of Baudillas, the deacon, the pictures
+        that had originally decorated it had been plastered over, and upon
+        this coating green vines had been somewhat rudely drawn, with birds
+        of various descriptions playing among the foliage and pecking at the
+        grapes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Around the wall
+        were seats; and here, in a pagan house, the master received his
+        guests. His seat was at the extremity of the apse, and was of white
+        mar<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page70">[pg 70]</span><a name="Pg070"
+        id="Pg070" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>ble. When such a house was
+        employed for Christian worship, the clergy occupied the seat against
+        the wall and the bishop that of the master in the center. In the
+        chord of the apse above the steps stood the altar, now no longer
+        smoking nor dedicated to the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">Lar
+        pater</span></span>, but devoted to Him who is the Father of Spirits.
+        But this altar was in itself different wholly from that which had
+        stood by the water tank. Instead of being a block of marble, with a
+        hearth on top, it consisted of a table on three, sometimes four,
+        bronze legs, the slab sometimes of stone, more generally of
+        wood.<a id="noteref_1" name="noteref_1" href="#note_1"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">1</span></span></a></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The <span lang=
+        "la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">tablinum</span></span> was shut off from the
+        hall or court, except when used for the reception of guests, by rich
+        curtains running on rings upon a rod. These curtains were drawn back
+        or forward during the celebration of the liturgy, and this has
+        continued to form a portion of the furniture of an Oriental church,
+        whether Greek, Armenian, or Syrian.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In like manner the
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">tablinum</span></span>, with its conch-shape
+        termination, gave the type to the absidal chancel, so general
+        everywhere except in England.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page71">[pg 71]</span><a name="Pg071" id="Pg071" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the right side
+        of the court was the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">triclinium</span></span> or dining-room, and
+        this was employed by the early Christians for their love-feasts.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Owing to the
+        protection extended by law to the colleges or clubs, the Christians
+        sought to screen themselves from persecution by representing
+        themselves as forming one of these clubs, and affecting their usages.
+        Even on their tombstones they so designated themselves, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Cultores Dei,”</span> and they were able to carry on
+        their worship under the appearance of frequenting guild meetings. One
+        of the notable features of such secular or semi-religious societies
+        was the convivial supper for the members, attended by all. The Church
+        adopted this supper, called it Agape, but of course gave to it a
+        special signification. It was made to be a symbol of that unity among
+        Christians which was supposed to exist between all members. The
+        supper was also a convenient means whereby the rich could contribute
+        to the necessities of the poor, and was regarded as a fulfilment of
+        the Lord’s command: <span class="tei tei-q">“When thou makest a
+        feast, call the poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Already, in the
+        third century, the believers who belonged to the superior classes had
+        withdrawn from <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page72">[pg
+        72]</span><a name="Pg072" id="Pg072" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>them,
+        and alleged as their excuse the command: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy
+        friends, nor thy brethren, neither thy kinsman, nor thy rich
+        neighbors.”</span> Their actual reason was, however, distaste for
+        associating with such as belonged to the lower orders, and from being
+        present at scenes that were not always edifying.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The house of
+        Baudillas had once been of consequence, and his family one of
+        position; but that had been in the early days of the colony before
+        the indigenous Gaulish nobility had been ousted from every place of
+        authority, and the means for enriching themselves had been drawn away
+        by the greed of the conquerors. The quarter of the town in which was
+        his mansion had declined in respectability. Many of the houses of the
+        old Volcian gentry had been sold and converted into lodgings for
+        artisans. In this case the ancestral dwelling remained in the
+        possession of the last representative of the family, but it was out
+        of repair, and the owner was poor.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I hardly know what should be done,”</span> said
+        Baudillas to himself, rather than to the ladies he was escorting.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“The Church has been enjoined to assemble
+        this afternoon for the Agape, and our bishop, <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page73">[pg 73]</span><a name="Pg073" id="Pg073"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Castor, is absent at this critical
+        juncture. He has gone on a pastoral round, taking advantage of the
+        floods to visit, in boat, some of the outlying hamlets and villages
+        where there are believers. It seems to me hardly prudent for us to
+        assemble when there is such agitation of spirits. Ladies, allow my
+        house-keeper—she was my nurse—to conduct you where you can repose
+        after the fatigue and distress you have undergone. She will provide
+        dry garments for Perpetua, and hot water for her feet. The baths are
+        the proper place, but it would be dangerous for her to adventure
+        herself in public.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas paced
+        the court in anxiety of mind. He did not know what course to adopt.
+        He was not a man of initiative. He was devoted to his duty and
+        discharged whatever he was commanded to do with punctilious nicety;
+        but he was thrown into helpless incapacity when undirected by a
+        superior mind, or not controlled by a dominant will.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It would be
+        difficult to communicate with the brethren. He had but one male
+        servant, Pedo, who had a stiff hip-joint. He could not send him round
+        to give notice of a postponement, and Baudillas was not the man to
+        take such a step without orders. Probably, said he to himself, the
+        commotion would <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page74">[pg
+        74]</span><a name="Pg074" id="Pg074" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>abate
+        before evening. There would be much feasting in the town that
+        afternoon. The Cultores Nemausi had their club dinner; and the
+        families of Volcian descent made it a point of honor to entertain on
+        that day, dedicated to their Gallic founder and hero-god. It was
+        precisely for this reason that the Agape had been appointed to be
+        celebrated on the first of March. When all the lower town was holding
+        debauch, the harmless reunion of the Christians would pass
+        unregarded.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What shall I do?”</span> said the deacon. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Castor, our bishop, should not have absented himself at
+        such a time, but then how could he have foreseen what has taken
+        place? I will take care that the ladies be provided with whatever
+        they may need, and then will sally forth and ascertain what temper
+        our fellow-citizens are in. We southerners blaze up like a fire of
+        straw, and as soon does our flame expire. If I meet some of the
+        brethren, I will consult with them what is to be done. As it is we
+        have postponed the Agape till set of sun, when we deemed that all the
+        town would be indoors merry-making.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An hour later, a
+        slave of the lady Quincta arrived to say that her house was watched,
+        and that the servants did not deem it advisable to leave with the
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page75">[pg 75]</span><a name="Pg075"
+        id="Pg075" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>litter, lest some attempt
+        should be made to track them to the house where their mistress was
+        concealed, in which case the rabble might even try to get possession
+        of Perpetua.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Quincta was
+        greatly alarmed at the tidings, and bade that the litter should on no
+        account be sent. When those watching her door had been withdrawn,
+        then a faithful slave was to announce the fact, and she and her
+        daughter would steal home afoot. Thus passed the time, with anxiety
+        contracting the hearts of all. Quincta was a timid woman, Baudillas,
+        as already said, irresolute. In the afternoon, gifts began to arrive
+        for the love-feast. Slaves brought hampers of bread, quails,
+        field-fare stuffed with truffles; brown pots containing honey were
+        also deposited by them in the passage. Others brought branches of
+        dried raisins, apples, eggs, flasks of oil, and bouquets of spring
+        flowers.<a id="noteref_2" name="noteref_2" href=
+        "#note_2"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">2</span></span></a></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas was
+        relieved when the stream of oblations began to flow in, as it decided
+        for him the <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page76">[pg
+        76]</span><a name="Pg076" id="Pg076" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>matter of the Agape. It must take place—it could
+        not be deferred, as some of the food sent was perishable.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A slave arrived
+        laden with an <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">amphora</span></span>—a red
+        earthenware bottle, pointed below, so that to maintain it upright it
+        had to be planted in sand or ashes. On the side was a seal with the
+        sacred symbol, showing that it contained wine set apart for religious
+        usage.<a id="noteref_3" name="noteref_3" href="#note_3"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">3</span></span></a></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir!”</span> said the bearer, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“happy is the man who tastes of this wine from Ambrussum
+        (near Lunel).<a id="noteref_4" name="noteref_4" href=
+        "#note_4"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">4</span></span></a> It is of
+        the color of amber, it is old, and runs like oil. The heat of the
+        Provence sun is gathered and stored in it, to break forth and glow in
+        the veins, to mount into and fire the brain, and to make and kindle a
+        furnace in the heart.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It shall be used with discretion, Tarsius,”</span> said
+        the deacon.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“By Bacchus!—I ask your pardon, deacon! Old habits are
+        not easily laid aside. What was I saying? Oh—you remarked something
+        about discretion. <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page77">[pg
+        77]</span><a name="Pg077" id="Pg077" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>For
+        my part I consider that my master has exercised none in sending this
+        to your love-feast. Bah! it is casting pearls before swine to pour
+        out this precious essence into the cups of such a beggarly, vagabond
+        set as assemble here. The quality folk are becoming weary of these
+        banquets and hold aloof.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is sadly true,”</span> observed Baudillas,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“and the effect of this withdrawal is that it
+        aggravates the difficulties of myself and my brethren.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The choice liquor is thrown away on such as you have as
+        congregation. How can they relish the Ambrussian if they have not had
+        their palates educated to know good liquor from bad? On my faith as a
+        Christian! were I master instead of slave, I would send you the wine
+        of the year when Sosius Falco and Julius Clarus were consuls—then the
+        grapes mildewed in the bunch, and the wine is naught but vinegar, no
+        color, no bouquet, no substance. Gentlemen and slaves can’t drink it.
+        But I reckon that my master thinks to condone his absence by sending
+        one of his choicest flasks.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are somewhat free of tongue, Tarsius.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am a frank man though enslaved. Thoughts are free, and
+        my tongue is not enchained. I shall attend the banquet this evening.
+        The master and <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page78">[pg
+        78]</span><a name="Pg078" id="Pg078" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>mistress remain at home that we, believing
+        members of the family, may be present at the Agape. I will trouble
+        you, when pouring out the Ambrussian wine, not to forget that I had
+        to sweat under the flask, to your house.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I think, Tarsius, I cannot do better than place the
+        bottle under your charge. You know its value, and the force of the
+        wine. Distribute as you see fit.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye; I know who will appreciate it, and who are unworthy
+        of a drop. I accept the responsibility. You do wisely, deacon, in
+        trusting me—a knowing one,”</span> and he slapped his breast and
+        pursed up his mouth.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then another
+        servant appeared with a basket.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Here, sir!”</span> said he to the deacon. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I bring you honey-cakes. The lady Lampridia sends them.
+        She is infirm and unable to leave her house, but she would fain do
+        something for the poor, the almoners of Christ. She sends you these
+        and also garments that she has made for children. She desires that
+        you will distribute them among such parents as have occasion for
+        them.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Next came a man of
+        equestrian rank, and drew the deacon aside.</p><span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page79">[pg 79]</span><a name="Pg079" id="Pg079"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Where is Castor?”</span> he inquired in an agitated
+        voice. <span class="tei tei-q">“I cannot appear this evening. The
+        whole town is in effervescence. Inquisition may be made for us
+        Christians. There will be a tumult. When they persecute you in one
+        city—fly to another! That is the divine command, and I shall obey it
+        to the letter. I have sent forward servants and mules—and shall
+        escape with my wife and children to my villa.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The bishop is away. He will be back this evening. I have
+        not known what to do, whether or not to postpone the Agape to another
+        day.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No harm will come of it if you hold the feast. None will
+        attend save the poor and such as are on the books of the Church, the
+        widows and those to whom a good meal is a boon. The authorities will
+        not trouble themselves about the like of them. I don’t relish the
+        aspect of affairs, and shall be off before the storm breaks.”</span>
+        Then the knight added hastily, <span class="tei tei-q">“Here is
+        money, distribute it, and bid the recipients pray for me and mine,
+        that no harm befall us.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas saw that
+        the man was quaking with apprehension. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Verily,”</span> said he to himself, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is a true saying, <span class="tei tei-q">‘How hardly
+        shall they that have <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page80">[pg
+        80]</span><a name="Pg080" id="Pg080" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>riches enter into the kingdom of Heaven.’</span>
+        I wonder now, whether I have acted judiciously in entrusting that old
+        Ambrussian to Tarsius? If the bishop had been here, I could have
+        consulted him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">So a weak, but
+        good man, may even do a thing fraught with greater mischief than can
+        be done with evil intent by an adversary.</p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page81">[pg 81]</span><a name="Pg081"
+        id="Pg081" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc17" id=
+        "toc17"></a><a name="pdf18" id="pdf18"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER VIII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As soon as dusk
+        began to veil the sky, Christians in parties of three and four came
+        to the house of Baudillas. They belonged for the most part to the
+        lowest classes. None were admitted till they had given the
+        pass-word.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An <span lang="la"
+        class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">ostiarius</span></span> or porter kept the door,
+        and as each tapped, he said in Greek: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Beloved, let us love one another.”</span> Whereupon the
+        applicant for admission replied in the same tongue, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“For love is of God.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Owing to the Greek
+        element in the province, large at Massilia, Arelate and Narbo, but
+        not less considerable at Nemausus, the Hellenic tongue, though not
+        generally spoken, was more or less comprehended by all in the towns.
+        The Scriptures were read in Greek; there was, as yet, no Italic
+        version, and the prayers were recited, sometimes in Greek, sometimes
+        in Latin. In preaching, the bishops and presbyters employed the
+        vernacular—this was a conglomerate of many tongues and was in
+        incessant decomposition, flux, and recomposition. <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page82">[pg 82]</span><a name="Pg082" id="Pg082"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>It was different in every town, and varied
+        from year to year.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the
+        sub-apostolic church it was customary for a banquet to be held in
+        commemoration of the Paschal Supper, early in the afternoon, lasting
+        all night, previous to the celebration of the new Eucharistic rite,
+        which took place at dawn. The night was spent in hymn singing, in
+        discourses, and in prayer.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But even in the
+        Apostolic age, as we learn from St. Paul’s first Epistle to the
+        Corinthians, great abuses had manifested themselves, and very
+        speedily a change was made. The Agape was dissociated from the
+        Eucharist and was relegated to the evening after the celebration of
+        the Sacrament. It was not abolished altogether, because it was a
+        symbol of unity, and because, when under control, it was
+        unobjectionable. Moreover, as already intimated, it served a
+        convenient purpose to the Christians by making their meetings
+        resemble those of the benefit clubs that were under legal
+        protection.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It may be
+        conjectured that where the bulk of the members were newly converted,
+        and were ignorant, there would speedily manifest itself among them a
+        tendency to revert to their pagan customs, and a revolt against the
+        restraints of Christian sobriety. <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page83">[pg 83]</span><a name="Pg083" id="Pg083" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>And this actually took place, causing much
+        embarrassment to the clergy, and giving some handle to the heathen to
+        deride these meetings as scenes of gross disorder.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">No sooner did
+        persecution cease, and the reason for holding love-feasts no longer
+        held, than they were everywhere put down and by the end of the fourth
+        century had absolutely ceased.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the third
+        century Tertullian, in his <span class="tei tei-q">“Apology”</span>
+        addressed to the heathen, gave a rose-colored description of the
+        institution; but in his <span class="tei tei-q">“Treatise on
+        Fasting”</span> addressed to the faithful, he was constrained to
+        admit that it was a nursery of abuses. But this, indeed, common sense
+        and a knowledge of human nature would lead us to suspect.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We are prone to
+        imagine that the first ages of the Church saw only saints within the
+        fold, and sinners without. But we have only to read the writings of
+        the early Fathers to see that this was not the case. If we consider
+        our mission stations at the present day, and consult our evangelists
+        among the heathen, we shall discover that the newly converted on
+        entering the Church, bring with them much of their past: their
+        prejudices, their superstitions, their ignorance, and their passions.
+        The most vigilant care <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page84">[pg
+        84]</span><a name="Pg084" id="Pg084" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>has
+        to be exercised in watching against relapse in the individual, and
+        deterioration of the general tone. The converts in the first ages
+        were not made of other flesh and blood than those now introduced into
+        the sheepfold, and the difficulties now encountered by missionaries
+        beset the first pastors of Christ fifteen and sixteen hundred years
+        ago.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In an honest
+        attempt to portray the condition of the Church at the opening of the
+        third century, we must describe things as they were, and not as we
+        should wish them to have been.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The <span lang=
+        "la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">atrium</span></span> or courtyard was not
+        lighted; there was sufficient illumination from above. The curtains
+        of the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">tablinum</span></span> were
+        close drawn, as the reception chamber was not to be put in
+        requisition that night. The <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">triclinium</span></span> or dining-room that
+        received light through the doorway only would have been dark had not
+        a lamp or two been kindled there.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">About thirty
+        persons were present, male and female, but no children. Some were
+        slaves from believing households; there were a few freedmen. Some
+        were poor artisans, weavers, bakers, and men who sold charcoal, a
+        porter, and a besom-maker.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Quincta and
+        Perpetua were the highest in social position of those present. A
+        second deacon, named <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page85">[pg
+        85]</span><a name="Pg085" id="Pg085" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>Marcianus, was there, a handsome man, peremptory
+        in manner, quick in movement; in every point a contrast with his
+        timid, hesitating brother in the ministry.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bishop had not
+        arrived when the Agape began, and the blessing was spoken by an aged
+        and feeble presbyter. The tables were spread with viands, and the
+        deacons and deaconesses ministered to those who reclined at them.
+        There was not room for all in the dining-chamber, and a table and
+        couches had been spread in the court for such as could not be
+        accommodated within.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The proceedings
+        were marked by the strictest propriety, the eating and drinking were
+        in moderation, conversation was edifying, and general harmony
+        prevailed. During the meal, a knocking was heard at the outer gate,
+        and when the porter asked the name of the applicant for admission,
+        the password was given, and he was admitted.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">All rose to
+        receive Castor, the bishop.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Recline again, my friends,”</span> said he. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have come from the house of Flavillus, the timber
+        merchant on the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">stagna</span></span>; his
+        wife’s mother has endured that which is human. She sleeps, and her
+        spirit is with the Lord. I have been delayed. I was doing
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page86">[pg 86]</span><a name="Pg086"
+        id="Pg086" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the work of my Master. One, a
+        stranger to the faith, questioned me, and I tarried to converse with
+        him, and disclose to his dark mind some ray of light. If the supper
+        be ended, I will offer thanks.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then, standing at
+        one of the tables, he made prayer to God, and thanked Him who had
+        caused the corn to spring out of the earth, and had gathered the many
+        grains into one bread; who had watered the vine from heaven, and had
+        flushed the several grapes with generous juice, uniting the many into
+        one bunch.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The thanksgiving
+        ended, lights were introduced in considerable numbers. There is no
+        twilight in southern climes; when night falls, it falls darkly. Now
+        all who had eaten went to the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">impluvium</span></span>, dipped their hands, and
+        washed their lips, then wiped them on towels held by the
+        deaconesses.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The tables were
+        quickly removed, and the benches ranged in the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">triclinium</span></span>, so as to accommodate
+        all.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">No sooner was the
+        whole congregation assembled, than the president, Castor, invited all
+        such as had a psalm, an interpretation, a vision, or an edifying
+        narrative, to relate or recite it.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then up started a
+        little man, who held a lyre.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page87">[pg 87]</span><a name="Pg087" id="Pg087" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir,”</span> said he, <span class="tei tei-q">“I have
+        composed a poem in honor of Andeolus, the martyr of
+        Gentibus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He struck a chord
+        on his instrument, and sang. The composition was devoid of poetry,
+        the meter halting, the Latin full of provincialisms, and the place of
+        poetic imagery was filled with extravagances of expression. When he
+        had concluded, he perhaps inadvertently wound up with the words,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Generous audience, grant me your
+        applause!”</span>—the usual method of conclusion on the stage.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And the request
+        met with favor—hands were clapped.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Bishop Castor
+        rose, and with a grave face, said:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We have listened to Lartius Garrulus with interest and
+        with edification. It is well to glorify the memories of the holy ones
+        who have witnessed a good confession, who have fought the fight, and
+        have shed their blood as a testimony. But a poet in treating of such
+        subjects, should restrain his too exuberant fancy, and not assert as
+        facts matters of mere conjecture, nor should he use expressions that,
+        though perhaps endurable in poetry, cannot be addressed to the
+        martyrs in sober prose. The ignorant are too ready to employ words
+        without considering <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page88">[pg
+        88]</span><a name="Pg088" id="Pg088" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>their
+        meaning with nicety, and to quote poets as licensing them to do that
+        which their pastors would forbid.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But,”</span> said the deacon Marcianus, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“what if this be uttered by inspiration?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The Spirit of God,”</span> answered Castor, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“never inspires the mind to import into religion anything
+        that is not true.”</span> Turning round, he said: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I call on Turgellius to interpret a portion of the
+        Epistle of the Blessed Paul, the Apostle to the Romans, translating
+        it into the vulgar tongue, as there be those present who comprehend
+        Greek with difficulty.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This done, one
+        rose, and said:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir, suffer me to disclose a revelation. I was asleep on
+        my bed, three nights agone, and I had a dream, or vision, from on
+        high. I beheld a snow-white flock pasturing on a mountain; there was
+        abundance of herbage, and the sky was serene. The shepherd stood
+        regarding them, leaning on his staff, and the watch-dog slept at his
+        feet in the grass. Then, suddenly, the heavens became obscured,
+        lightning flashed, thunder rolled: the flock was terrified and
+        scattered. Thereupon came wolves, leaping among the sheep, and
+        rending them; and I <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page89">[pg
+        89]</span><a name="Pg089" id="Pg089" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>beheld now that some which I had taken to be
+        sheep, cast their skins, and disclosed themselves to be ravening
+        beasts. What may be signified by the vision, I know not, but I
+        greatly fear that it portends an evil time to the Church.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is like enough,”</span> said Baudillas,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“after what has occurred this day. If the
+        bishop has not heard, I will relate all to him in order.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have been informed of everything,”</span> said
+        Castor.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is well that there should be a sifting of the wheat
+        from the chaff,”</span> said Marcianus. <span class="tei tei-q">“Too
+        long have we had wolves masquerading among us clothed in sheepskins.
+        See!”</span> He threw back his mantle, and extended his hand.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“On my way hither, I passed by the fountain
+        of Nemausus, and none were there. Then my soul was wrath within me at
+        the idolatry and worship of devils that goes on in the temple and
+        about the basin. So I took up a stone, and I climbed upon the
+        pedestal, and I beat till I had broken this off.”</span> Then he
+        rolled an alabaster sculptured head on the floor. With a contemptuous
+        kick, he sent it spinning. <span class="tei tei-q">“This is their god
+        Nemausus. A deacon of Christ’s Church, with a bit of stone, is able
+        to break his neck, and carry off his head!”</span> <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page90">[pg 90]</span><a name="Pg090" id="Pg090"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Then he laughed. But none laughed in
+        response.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A thrill of dismay
+        ran through the assembly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A woman fell into
+        hysterics and screamed. Some called out that she prophesied, others
+        that she spake with tongues. Baudillas appeased the excitement.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“The tongue she speaks,”</span> said he,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“is the Ligurian of the Cebennæ, and all she
+        says is that she wishes she were safe with her children in the
+        mountains, and had never come into the town. Now, indeed, it seems
+        that the evil days foreseen by Pantilius Narbo will come on the
+        Church. The people might forget that the god was robbed of his
+        victim, but not that his image has been defaced.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Well done, I say!”</span> shouted a man, thrusting
+        himself forward. His face was inflamed and his eyes dazed.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I—I, Tarsius the slave, and Marcianus, the
+        deacon, are the only Christians with any pluck about us. Cowards that
+        ye all are, quaking at the moment of danger—hares, ye are, hares
+        afraid of the whistling of the wind in the grass. I—I——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Remove that man,”</span> said the bishop. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He has been drinking.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I—I drinking. I have supped the precious <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page91">[pg 91]</span><a name="Pg091" id="Pg091"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Ambrussian wine, too good for the rag-tag.
+        Dost think I would pour out to him who binds brooms? Or to her—a
+        washerwoman from the mountains? Ambrussian wine for such as
+        appreciate good things—gold as amber, thick as oil, sweet as
+        honey.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Remove him,”</span> said the bishop firmly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Hands were laid on
+        the fellow.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then turning to
+        Marcianus, Castor said sternly, <span class="tei tei-q">“You have
+        acted inconsiderately and wrongly, against the decrees of the
+        Fathers.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye!—of men who were timorous, and forbade others doing
+        that from which they shrank themselves. I have not so learned
+        Christ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Thou thyself mayest be strong,”</span> said Castor,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“but thine act will bring the tempest upon
+        the Church, and it will fall upon the weak and young.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Such as cannot stand against the storm are good for
+        naught,”</span> said Marcianus. <span class="tei tei-q">“But the
+        storm is none of my brewing. It had arisen before I intervened. The
+        escape of the lady Perpetua from the fountain—that was the beginning,
+        I have but added the final stroke.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Thou hast acted very wrongly,”</span> said the bishop.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“May God, the God of all comfort, strengthen
+        us to stand in the evil day. In very truth, the powers <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page92">[pg 92]</span><a name="Pg092" id="Pg092"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>of darkness will combine against the
+        Church. The lightnings will indeed flash, the sheep be scattered, and
+        those revealed whom we have esteemed to be true disciples of Christ,
+        but who are far from Him in heart. Many that are first shall be last,
+        and the last first. It is ever so in the Kingdom of
+        Christ—hark!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Suddenly a
+        strange, a terrible sound was heard—a loud, hoarse note, like a blast
+        blown through a triton’s shell, but far louder; it seemed to pass in
+        the air over the house, and set the tiles quivering. Every wall
+        vibrated to it, and every heart thrilled as well. Men rushed into the
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">atrium</span></span> and looked up at the night
+        sky. Stars twinkled. Nothing extraordinary was visible. But those who
+        looked expected to see some fire-breathing monster flying athwart the
+        dark, heavenly vault, braying; and others again cried out that this
+        was the trumpet of the archangel, and that the end of all things was
+        come.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then said
+        Marcianus, <span class="tei tei-q">“It is the voice of the devil
+        Nemausus! He has thus shouted before.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page93">[pg 93]</span><a name="Pg093"
+        id="Pg093" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc19" id=
+        "toc19"></a><a name="pdf20" id="pdf20"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER IX</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">STARS IN WATER</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As an excuse for
+        not appearing in time at the Agape, Castor had asserted that he had
+        been engaged on his Master’s work elsewhere. That was true. He had
+        been at the house of the timber merchant as we have seen, and he had
+        been detained by Æmilius as he left it. This latter had been lying on
+        his bed resting, whilst his garments were being dried.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He had overheard
+        what had passed in the room of the dying woman.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the bishop
+        went forth, then Æmilius rose from his bed, cast the ample toga about
+        him, and walked forth. He caught Castor as he descended to the
+        water’s edge to be paddled away.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After a short
+        salutation, the young lawyer said: <span class="tei tei-q">“A word
+        with you, sir, if your time is as generously to be disposed of to a
+        stranger as it is lavished on the poor and sick.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am at your service,”</span> answered the bishop.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My name,”</span> said the young man, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“is Æmilius Lentulus Varo. My profession is the law. I am
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page94">[pg 94]</span><a name="Pg094"
+        id="Pg094" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>not, I believe, unknown in
+        Nemausus, or at Arelate, where also I have an office. But you, sir,
+        may not have heard of me—we have assuredly never met. Your age and
+        gravity of demeanor belong to a social group other than mine. You mix
+        with the wise, the philosophers, and not with such butterflies as
+        myself, who am a ridiculous pleasure seeker—seeking and never
+        finding. If I am not in error, you are Castor Lepidus Villoneos, of
+        an ancient magisterial family in Nemausus and the reputed head of the
+        Christian sect.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am he,”</span> answered the bishop.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It may appear to you a piece of idle curiosity,”</span>
+        said the young man, <span class="tei tei-q">“if I put to you certain
+        questions, and esteem it an impertinence, and so send me away empty.
+        But I pray you to afford me—if thy courtesy will suffer it—some
+        information concerning a matter on which I am eager to obtain light.
+        I have been in the apartment adjoining that in which the mother of
+        the hostess lay, and I chanced—the partition being but of plank—to
+        overhear what was said. I confess that I am inquisitive to know
+        something more certain of this philosophy or superstition, than what
+        is commonly reported among the people. On this account, I venture to
+        detain <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page95">[pg 95]</span><a name=
+        "Pg095" id="Pg095" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>you, as one qualified
+        to satisfy my greed for knowledge.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My time is at your disposal.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You spoke to the dying woman as though she were about to
+        pass into a new life. Was that a poetic fancy or a philosophic
+        speculation?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It was neither, it was a religious conviction. I spoke
+        of what I knew to be true.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Knew to be true!”</span> laughed Æmilius. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“How so? Have you traveled into the world of spirits,
+        visited the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">manes</span></span>, and
+        returned posted up in all particulars concerning them?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No. I receive the testimony from One I can
+        trust.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“One! All men are liars. I knew a fellow who related that
+        he had fallen into an epileptic fit, and that during the fit his
+        spirit had crossed the Styx. But as he had no penny wherewith to pay
+        the fare, I did not believe him. Moreover, he never told the story
+        twice alike, and in other matters was an arrant liar.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Whom would you believe?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“None, nothing save my own experience.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Not Him who made and who sustains your existence, my
+        good sir?”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page96">[pg
+        96]</span><a name="Pg096" id="Pg096" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yes, if I knew Him and were assured He
+        spoke.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is the assurance I have.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius shook his
+        head. <span class="tei tei-q">“When, how, where, and by whom did He
+        declare to men that there is a life beyond the tomb?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">when</span></span> was in the principate of
+        Tiberius Cæsar, the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">how</span></span> was by the mouth of His
+        only-begotten Son, the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">where</span></span> was in
+        Palestine.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The young lawyer
+        laughed. <span class="tei tei-q">“There is not a greater rogue and
+        liar on the face of the earth than a Jew. I cannot believe in a
+        revelation made elsewhere than at the center of the world, in the
+        city of Rome.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Rome is the center of the world to you—but is it so to
+        the infinite God?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius shrugged
+        his shoulders contemptuously. <span class="tei tei-q">“I am a lawyer.
+        I ask for evidence. And I would not trust the word of a Jew against
+        that of a common Gaulish peasant.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nor need you. The witness is in yourself.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not understand you.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Have not all men, at all times and everywhere desired to
+        know what is to be their condition after death? Does not every
+        barbarous people harbor <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page97">[pg
+        97]</span><a name="Pg097" id="Pg097" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the
+        conviction that there is a future life? Do not you civilized Romans,
+        though you have no evidence, act as though there were such a life,
+        and testify thereto on your monumental cenotaphs?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I allow all that. But what of it?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“How comes it that there should be such a conviction
+        based on no grounds whatever, but a vague longing, unless there were
+        such a reality provided for those who have this desire in them? Would
+        the Creator of man mock him? Would He put this hunger into him unless
+        it were to be satisfied? You have eyes that crave for the light, and
+        the light exists that satisfies this longing! You have ears that
+        desire sounds, and the world is full of voices that meet this desire.
+        Where there is a craving there is ever a reality that corresponds
+        with and gives repose to that desire. Look,”</span> said the bishop,
+        and pointed to the water in which were reflected the stars that now
+        began to glitter in the sky. <span class="tei tei-q">“Do you see all
+        those twinkling points in the still water? They correspond to the
+        living luminaries set above in the vault. You in your soul have these
+        reflections—sometimes seen, sometimes obscured, but ever returning.
+        They answer to realities in the celestial world overhead. The
+        reflections could not be <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page98">[pg
+        98]</span><a name="Pg098" id="Pg098" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>in
+        your nature unless they existed in substance above.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is a score of other things we long after in vain
+        here.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What things? I believe I know. Purity, perfection,
+        justice. Well, you do not find them here entire—only in broken
+        glints. But these glints assure you that in their integrity they do
+        exist.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A boat was
+        propelled through the water. It broke the reflections, that
+        disappeared or were resolved into a very dust of sparkles. As the
+        wavelets subsided, however, the reflections reformed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Castor walked up
+        and down beside Æmilius in silence for a few turns, then said:—</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The world is full of inequalities and injustices. One
+        man suffers privation, another is gorged. One riots in luxury at the
+        expense of the weak. Is there to be no righting of wrongs? no justice
+        to be ever done? If there be a God over all, He must, if just—and who
+        can conceive of God, save as perfectly just?—He must, I say, deal
+        righteous judgment and smooth out all these creases; and how can he
+        do so, unless there be a condition of existence after death in which
+        the wrongs may be redressed, the evil-doers be punished, and tears be
+        wiped away?”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page99">[pg
+        99]</span><a name="Pg099" id="Pg099" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is philosophy in this.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Have you not in your conscience a sense of right as
+        distinct from wrong—obscured often, but ever returning—like the
+        reflection of the stars in the water? How comes it there unless there
+        be the verities above? Unless your Maker so made you as to reflect
+        them in your spirit?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius said
+        nothing.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Have you not in you a sense of the sacredness of Truth,
+        and a loathing for falsehood? How comes that, unless implanted in you
+        by your Creator, who is Truth itself?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But we know not—in what is of supreme interest to us—in
+        matters connected with the gods, what our duties, what our
+        destiny—what is the Truth.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Young man,”</span> said the bishop, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“thou art a seeker after the kingdom of Heaven. One word
+        further, and I must leave thee. Granted there are these
+        scintillations within—”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yes, I grant this.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And that they be reflections of verities
+        above.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Possibly.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Whence else come they?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius did not,
+        could not answer.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page100">[pg
+        100]</span><a name="Pg100" id="Pg100" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then,”</span> said Castor, <span class="tei tei-q">“is
+        it not antecedently probable that the God who made man, and put into
+        his nature this desire after truth, virtue, holiness, justice, aye,
+        and this hunger after immortality, should reveal to man that without
+        which man is unable to direct his life aright, attain to the
+        perfection of his being, and look beyond death with
+        confidence?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“If there were but such a revelation!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I say—is it conceivable that the Creator should not make
+        it?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Thou givest me much food for thought,”</span> said the
+        lawyer.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Digest it—looking at the reflection of the stars in the
+        water—aye! and recall what is told by Aristotle of Xenophanes, how
+        that casting his eyes upward at the immensity of heaven, he declared
+        <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The
+        One</span></span> is God. That conviction, at which the philosopher
+        arrived at the summit of his research, is the starting point of the
+        Christian child. Farewell. We shall meet again. I commend thee to Him
+        who set the stars in heaven above, and the lights in thine own dim
+        soul.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the bishop
+        sought a boat, and was rowed in the direction of the town.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius remained
+        by the lagoon.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page101">[pg
+        101]</span><a name="Pg101" id="Pg101" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Words such as
+        these he had heard were novel. The thoughts given him to meditate on
+        were so deep and strange that he could not receive them at once.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The night was now
+        quite dark, and the stars shone with a brilliancy to which we are
+        unaccustomed in the North, save on frosty winter nights.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Milky Way
+        formed a sort of crescent to the north, and enveloped Cassiopeia’s
+        Chair in its nebulous light. To the west blazed Castor and Pollux,
+        and the changing iridescent fire of Algol reflected its varying
+        colors in the water.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius looked up.
+        What those points of light were, none could say. How was it that they
+        maintained their order of rising and setting? None could answer. Who
+        ruled the planets? That they obeyed a law, was obvious, but by whom
+        was that law imposed?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius paced
+        quicker, with folded arms and bowed head, looking into the water. The
+        heavens were an unsolved riddle. The earth also was a riddle, without
+        interpretation. Man himself was an enigma, to which there was no
+        solution. Was all in heaven, in earth, to remain thus locked up,
+        unexplained?</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page102">[pg
+        102]</span><a name="Pg102" id="Pg102" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">How was it that
+        planets and constellations fulfilled the law imposed on them without
+        deviation, and man knew not a law, lived in the midst of a cobweb of
+        guesses, entangling himself in the meshes of vain speculations, and
+        was not shown the commandment he must obey? Why had the Creator
+        implanted in his soul such noble germs, if they were not to
+        fructify—if only to languish for lack of light?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again he lifted
+        his eyes to the starry vault, and repeated what had been said of
+        Xenophanes, <span class="tei tei-q">“Gazing on the immensity of
+        heaven, he declared that the One was God.”</span> And then,
+        immediately looking down into the depths of his own heart, he added:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“And He is reflected here. Would that I knew
+        Him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Yet how was he to
+        attain the desired knowledge? On all sides were religious quacks
+        offering their nostrums. What guarantee did Christianity offer, that
+        it was other than the wild and empty speculations that swarmed,
+        engaged and disappointed the minds of inquirers?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Unconscious how
+        time passed, Æmilius paced the bank. Then he stood still, looking
+        dreamily over the calm water. A couple of months more and the
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page103">[pg 103]</span><a name="Pg103"
+        id="Pg103" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>air would be alive with
+        fire-flies that would cluster on every reed, that would waver in
+        dance above the surface of the lagoon, tens of thousands of drifting
+        stars reflecting themselves in the water, and by their effulgence
+        disturbing the light of the stars also there mirrored.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thinking of this,
+        Æmilius laughed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“So is it,”</span> said he, <span class="tei tei-q">“in
+        the world of philosophic thought and religious aspiration. The air is
+        full of fire-flies. They seem to be brilliant torch-bearers assuring
+        us guidance, but they are only vile grubs, and they float above the
+        festering pool that breeds malarial fevers. Where is the truth,
+        where?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From the distant
+        city sounded a hideous din, like the bellow of a gigantic bull.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius laughed
+        bitterly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I know what that is, it is the voice of the god—so say
+        the priestesses of Nemausus. It is heard at rare intervals. But the
+        mason who made my baths at Ad Fines, explained it to me. He had been
+        engaged on the temple and saw how a brazen instrument like a shell of
+        many convolutions had been contrived in the walls and concealed, so
+        that one woman’s breath could sound it and produce such a bellow as
+        would shake the city. Bah! one religion <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page104">[pg 104]</span><a name="Pg104" id="Pg104" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>is like another, founded on impostures. What are
+        the stars of heaven but fire-flies of a higher order, of superior
+        flight? We follow them and stumble into the mire, and are engulfed in
+        the slough.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page105">[pg 105]</span><a name="Pg105"
+        id="Pg105" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc21" id=
+        "toc21"></a><a name="pdf22" id="pdf22"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER X</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">LOCUTUS EST!</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Every house in
+        Nemausus thrilled with life. Sleep was driven from the drowsiest
+        heads. The tipsy were sobered at once. Those banqueting desisted from
+        conversation. Music was hushed. Men rushed into the street. The
+        beasts in the amphitheater, startled by the strange note, roared and
+        howled. Slowly the chief magistrate rose, sent to summon an edile,
+        and came forth. He was not quick of movement; it took him some time
+        to resolve whether he or his brother magistrate was responsible for
+        order; when he did issue forth, then he found the streets full, and
+        that all men in them were talking excitedly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The god Nemausus,
+        the <span class="tei tei-foreign"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">archegos</span></span>, the divine founder and
+        ancestor had spoken. His voice was rarely heard. It was told that
+        before the Cimbri and Teutones had swept over the province, he had
+        shouted. That had been in ages past; of late he had been sparing in
+        the exercise of his voice. He was said to have cried out at the great
+        invasion of the <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page106">[pg
+        106]</span><a name="Pg106" id="Pg106" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>Helvetii, that had been arrested by Julius
+        Cæsar; again to have trumpeted at the outbreak of Civilis and Julius
+        Sabinus, which, however, had never menaced Narbonese Gaul, though at
+        the time the god had called the worst was anticipated. The last time
+        he had been heard was at the revolt of Vindex that preceded the fall
+        of Nero.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Some young
+        skeptics whispered: <span class="tei tei-q">“By Hercules, the god has
+        a brazen throat.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is his hunting horn that peals to call attention.
+        What he will say will be revealed to the priestess.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Or what the priestess wishes to have believed is his
+        message.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But this
+        incredulous mood was exhibited by very few. None ventured openly to
+        scoff.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The god hath spoken!”</span> this was the cry through
+        the streets and the forum. Every man asked his fellow what it
+        signified. Some cried out that the prince—the divine Aurelius
+        Antoninus (Caracalla)—had been assassinated, just as he was about to
+        start from Rome for Gaul. Others that the privileges of the city and
+        colony were going to be abrogated. But one said to his fellow,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I augured ill when we heard that the god had
+        been cheated of his due. No <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page107">[pg
+        107]</span><a name="Pg107" id="Pg107" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>marvel he is out of humor, for Perpetua is
+        esteemed the prettiest virgin in Nemausus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I wonder that the rescue passed off without notice being
+        taken of the affair by the magistrates.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Bah! it is the turn of the Petronius Alacinus now, and
+        he will not bestir himself unnecessarily. So long as the public peace
+        be not broken——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But it was—there was a riot, a conflict.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“A farcical fight with wind-bags. Not a man was hurt, not
+        a drop of blood flowed. The god will not endure to be balked and his
+        sacrifice made into a jest.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is hoarse with rage.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What does it all mean?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then said a stout
+        man: <span class="tei tei-q">“My good friend, it means that which
+        always happens when the priesthood is alarmed and considers that its
+        power is menaced—its credit is shaken. It will ask for
+        blood.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There has been a great falling off of late in the
+        worshipers of the gods and in attendance at the games.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“This comes of the spread of the pestilent sect of the
+        Christians. They are the enemies of the human race. They eat little
+        children. The potter Fusius lost his son last week, aged six, and
+        they say it was <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page108">[pg
+        108]</span><a name="Pg108" id="Pg108" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>sacrificed by these sectaries, who stuck needles
+        into it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Bah! the body was found in the channel of the stream the
+        child had fallen in.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I heard it was found half eaten,”</span> said a
+        third.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Rats, rats,”</span> explained another standing by.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Well, these Christians refuse to venerate the images of
+        the Augustus, and therefore are foes to the commonwealth. They should
+        be rooted out.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are right there. As to their religious notions—who
+        cares about them? Let them adore what they will—onions like the
+        Egyptians, stars like the Chaldeans, a sword like the Scythians—that
+        is nothing to us; but when they refuse to swear by the Emperor and to
+        offer sacrifice for the welfare of the empire then, I say, they are
+        bad citizens, and should be sent to the lions.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The lions,”</span> laughed the stout man, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“seem to respond to the voice, which sounded in their
+        ears, <span class="tei tei-q">‘Dinner for you, good beasts!’</span>
+        Well, may we have good sport at the games founded by Domitius Afer. I
+        love to lie in bed when the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">circius</span></span>
+        (mistral) howls and the snowflakes fly. Then one feels snug and
+        enjoys the contrast. So in the amphitheater one realizes the
+        blessedness of life when one looks on at <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page109">[pg 109]</span><a name="Pg109" id="Pg109" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>wretches in the hug of the bear, or being
+        mumbled by lions, or played with by panthers.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perhaps the only
+        man whom the blast did not startle was Tarsius, the inebriated slave,
+        who had been expelled the house of Baudillas, and who was engrossed
+        only with his own wrongs, and who departed swearing that he
+        excommunicated the Church, not the Church him. He muttered threats;
+        he stood haranguing on his own virtues, his piety, his generosity of
+        spirit; he recorded many acts of charity he had done. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And I—I to be turned out! They are a scurvy lot. Not
+        worthy of me. I will start a sect of my own, see if I do
+        not.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Whilst reeling
+        along, growling, boasting, confiding his wrongs to the walls on each
+        side, he ran against Callipodius just as the words were in his mouth:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I am a better Christian than all of them. I
+        don’t affect sanctimoniousness in aspect, but I am sound, sound in my
+        life—a plain, straight-walking man.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Are you so?”</span> asked Callipodius. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then I wish you would not festoon in such a manner as to
+        lurch against me. You are a Christian. Hard times are coming for such
+        as you.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye, aye! I am a Christian. I don’t care who
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page110">[pg 110]</span><a name="Pg110"
+        id="Pg110" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>knows it. I’m not the man to
+        lapse or buy a <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">libellus</span></span>,<a id=
+        "noteref_5" name="noteref_5" href="#note_5"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">5</span></span></a> though
+        they have turned me out.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Callipodius caught
+        the fellow by the shoulder and shook him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Man,”</span> said he. <span class="tei tei-q">“Ah, a
+        slave! I recognize you. You are of the family of Julius Largus
+        Litomarus, the wool merchant. Come with me. The games are in a few
+        days, and the director of the sports has been complaining that he
+        wanted more prisoners to cast to the beasts. I have you in the nick
+        of time. I heard you with these ears confess yourself to be a
+        Christian, and the sole worthy one in the town. You are the man for
+        us—plump and juicy, flushed with wine. By the heavenly twins, what a
+        morsel you will make for the panthers! Come with me. If you resist I
+        will summon the crowd, then perhaps they will elect to have you
+        crucified. Come quietly, and it shall be panthers, not the cross. I
+        will conduct you direct to the magistrate and denounce
+        you.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I pray you! I beseech you! I was talking <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page111">[pg 111]</span><a name="Pg111" id="Pg111"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>nonsense. I was enacting a part for the
+        theater. I am no Christian; I was, but I have been turned out,
+        excommunicated. My master and mistress believe, and just to please
+        them and to escape stripes, and get a few favors such as are not
+        granted to the others, I have—you understand.”</span> The slave
+        winked.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Beside Callipodius
+        was a lad bearing a torch. He held it up and the flare fell over the
+        face of the now sobered Tarsius.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come with me, fellow,”</span> said Callipodius.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Nothing will save you but perfect obedience
+        and compliance with what I direct. Hark! was not that the howl of the
+        beasts. Mehercule! they snuff you already. My good friend Æmilius
+        Lentulus Varo, the lawyer, will be your patron; a strong man. But you
+        must answer my questions. Do you know the Lady Quincta and her
+        daughter? Quincta is the widow of Harpinius Læto.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye, aye! the wench was fished out of the pond
+        to-day.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is right. Where are they, do you know their
+        house?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yes, but they are not at home now.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Where are they then?”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page112">[pg 112]</span><a name="Pg112" id="Pg112" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Will you denounce them?”</span> asked the slave
+        nervously.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“On the contrary. They are menaced. I seek to save
+        them.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh! if that be all, I am your man. They are in the
+        mansion of Baudillas, yonder—that is—but mum, I say! I must not
+        speak. They kicked me out, but I am not ungenerous. I will denounce
+        nobody. But if you want to save the ladies, I will help you with
+        alacrity. They charged me with being drunk—not the ladies—the bishop
+        did that—more shame to him. I but rinsed out my mouth with the
+        Ambrussian. Every drop clear as amber. Ah, sir! in your cellar have
+        you——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A rush of people
+        up the street shouting, <span class="tei tei-q">“The will of the god!
+        the will of the god! It is being proclaimed in the forum.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They swept round
+        Callipodius and the slave, spinning them, as leaves are spun in a
+        corner by an eddy of wind, then swept forward in the direction of the
+        great square.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come aside with me, fellow,”</span> said Callipodius,
+        darting after the slave who was endeavoring to slink away.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“What is your name? I know only your face
+        marked by a scar.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page113">[pg 113]</span><a name="Pg113" id="Pg113" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Tarsius, at your service, sir!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Good Tarsius, here is money, and I undertake to furnish
+        you with a bottle of my best old Ambrussian for your private tipple,
+        or to make merry therewith with your friends. Be assured, no harm is
+        meant. The priests of Nemausus seek to recover possession of the lady
+        Perpetua, and it is my aim to smuggle her away to a place of
+        security. Do thou watch the door, and I will run and provide litters
+        and porters. Do thou assure the ladies that the litters are sent to
+        convey them in safety to where they will not be looked for; say thy
+        master’s house. I will answer for the rest. Hast thou access to
+        them?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye! I know the pass-word. And though I have been
+        expelled, yet in the confusion and alarm I may be suffered again to
+        enter.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Very excellent. Thou shalt have thy flask and an ample
+        reward. Say that the litters are sent by thy master, Largus
+        Litomarus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Right, sir! I will do thy bidding.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Callipodius
+        hastened in the direction of the habitation of Æmilius.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Meanwhile the
+        forum filled with people, crowding on one another, all quivering with
+        excitement. <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page114">[pg
+        114]</span><a name="Pg114" id="Pg114" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>Above were the stars. Here and there below,
+        torches. Presently the chief magistrate arrived with his lictors, and
+        a maniple of soldiers to keep order and make a passage through the
+        mob between the Temple of Nemausus and the forum.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Few women were
+        present. Such as were, belonged to the lowest of the people. But
+        there were boys and men, old and young, slaves, artisans, freedmen,
+        and citizens.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Among the ignorant
+        and the native population the old Paganism had a strong hold, and
+        their interests attached a certain number of all classes to it. But
+        the popular Paganism was not a religion affecting the lives by the
+        exercise of moral control. It was devoid of any ethic code. It
+        consisted in a system of sacrifice to obtain a good journey, to ward
+        off fevers, to recover bad debts, to banish blight and mildew. The
+        superstitious lived in terror lest by some ill-considered act, by
+        some neglect, they should incur the wrath of the jealous gods and
+        bring catastrophe on themselves or their town. They were easily
+        excited by alarm, and were unreasonable in their selfish fervor.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Ever in
+        anticipation of some disaster, an earthquake, a murrain, fire or
+        pestilence, they were ready <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page115">[pg
+        115]</span><a name="Pg115" id="Pg115" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>to
+        do whatever they were commanded, so as to avert danger from
+        themselves. The words of the Apostle to the Hebrews describing the
+        Gentiles as being through fear of death all their lifetime subject to
+        bondage, were very true. The ignorant and superstitious may be said
+        to have existed on the verge of a panic, always in terror lest their
+        gods should hurt them, and cringing to them in abject deprecation of
+        evil. It was this fear for themselves and their substance that
+        rendered them cruel.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The procession
+        came from the temple. Torches were borne aloft, a long wavering line
+        of lurid fire, and vessels were carried in which danced lambent
+        flames that threw out odoriferous fumes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">First came the
+        priests; they walked with their heads bowed and their arms folded
+        across their breasts, and with fillets of wool around their heads.
+        Then followed the priestesses shrouded in sable mantles over their
+        white tunics. All moved in silence. A hush fell on the multitude.
+        Nothing was heard in the stillness save the tramp of feet in rhythm.
+        When the procession had reached the forum, the chief priestess
+        ascended the rostrum, and the flambeau-bearers ranged themselves in a
+        half-circle below. She was a tall, splendidly formed <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page116">[pg 116]</span><a name="Pg116" id="Pg116"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>woman, with profuse dark hair, an ivory
+        complexion, flashing black eyes under heavy brows.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Suddenly she
+        raised her arms and extended them, letting the black pall drop from
+        her shoulders, and reveal her in a woven silver robe, like a web of
+        moonlight, and with white bare arms. In her right she bore an ivory
+        silver-bound wand with mistletoe bound about it, every berry of
+        translucent stone.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then amidst dead
+        silence she cried: <span class="tei tei-q">“The god hath spoken, he
+        who founded this city, from whom are sprung its ancient patrician
+        families, who supplieth you with crystal water from his urn. The holy
+        one demands that she who hath been taken from him be surrendered to
+        him again, and that punishment be inflicted on the Christians who
+        have desecrated his statue. If this, his command, be not fulfilled,
+        then will he withhold the waters, and deliver over the elect city to
+        be a desolation, the haunt of the lizard and the owl and bat. To the
+        lions with the Christians! <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">Locutus est Divus
+        Archegos!</span></span>”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page117">[pg 117]</span><a name="Pg117"
+        id="Pg117" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc23" id=
+        "toc23"></a><a name="pdf24" id="pdf24"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XI</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">PALANQUINS</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">With the exception
+        of the bishop, Marcianus, and a few others, all assembled at the
+        Agape were struck with the liveliest terror. They entertained no
+        doubt but that the sound that shook the walls was provoked by the
+        outrage on the image of the tutelary god, following on the rescue of
+        the victim <a name="corr117" id="corr117" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a><span class="tei tei-corr">allotted</span> to
+        him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The pagan
+        inhabitants of Nemausus were roused to exasperation. The priesthood
+        would employ every available means to work this resentment to a
+        paroxysm, and the result would be riot and murder, perhaps an
+        organized persecution.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It must be
+        understood that although the Roman State recognized other religions
+        than the established paganism, as that of the Jews, and allowed the
+        votaries freedom of worship, yet Christianity was not of this number.
+        It was in itself illegal, and any magistrate, at his option, in any
+        place and at any time, might put the laws in force against the
+        members of the Church. Not only so, but any envious, <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page118">[pg 118]</span><a name="Pg118" id="Pg118"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>bigoted, or resentful person might compel
+        a magistrate to take cognizance of the presence of Christians in the
+        district under his jurisdiction, and require him to capitally convict
+        those brought before him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The system in the
+        Roman Commonwealth for the maintenance of order was that every man
+        was empowered to act as spy upon and delate another. Any man might
+        accuse his neighbor, his brother, before the court; and if he could
+        prove his charge, the magistrate had no option—he must sentence.
+        Consequently the Christians depended for their safety on the favor of
+        their fellow-citizens, on their own abstention from giving
+        offence.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The sole
+        protection against false accusations in the Roman Commonwealth lay in
+        the penalties to which an accuser was subject should he fail to
+        establish his charge. But as on conviction a portion of the estate of
+        the guilty person was handed over to the accuser, there was an
+        inducement to delation.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Under the Julian
+        and Claudian Cæsars the system had worked terribly. An entire class
+        of men made denunciation their trade. They grew rich on the spoils of
+        their victims, they spared none, and the judges themselves lived in
+        fear of them. The evil became so intolerable that measures were taken
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page119">[pg 119]</span><a name="Pg119"
+        id="Pg119" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>to accentuate the risk to the
+        accusers. If the Christians were not oftener denounced, the reason
+        was that in the event of one lapsing, and through terror or pain
+        abjuring Christ, then immediately the tables were turned, and the
+        accuser was placed in danger of his life.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When an Emperor
+        issued an edict against the Christians he enacted no new law; he
+        merely required that the <a name="corr119" id="corr119" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a><span class="tei tei-corr">existing</span> laws
+        should be put in force against them, and all risk to delators was
+        removed in that no delation was exacted. On such an occasion every
+        citizen and householder was required to appear before the court and
+        offer a few grains of incense on an altar to the genius of the empire
+        or of the prince. Should any one refuse to do this, then he was
+        convicted of high treason and delivered over to the executioner to be
+        either tortured or put to death off-hand. When the magistrate deemed
+        it important to obtain a recantation, then he had recourse to the
+        rack, iron hooks, torches, thumbscrews as means of forcing the
+        prisoner through pain to abjure Christ.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Christians in
+        Nemausus had lived in complete tranquillity. There had been no
+        persecution. They had multiplied.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page120">[pg 120]</span><a name="Pg120" id="Pg120" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The peace enjoyed
+        by the Church had been to it of a mixed advantage. Many had been
+        included whose conversion was due to questionable motives. Some had
+        joined through sincere conviction; more from conviction seasoned with
+        expectation of advantage. The poor had soon learned that a very rich
+        and abundant stream of charity flowed in the Church, that in it the
+        sick and feeble were cared for and their necessities were supplied,
+        whereas in the established paganism no regard was paid to the needy
+        and suffering. Among the higher classes there were adherents who
+        attached themselves to the Church rather because they disbelieved in
+        heathenism than that they held to the Gospel. Some accepted the truth
+        with the head, but their hearts remained untouched.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">None had given
+        freer expression to his conviction that there were weak-kneed and
+        unworthy members than Marcianus the deacon. He had remonstrated with
+        the bishop, he had scolded, repelled, but without effect. And now he
+        had taken a daring step, the consequence of which would be that the
+        members of the community would indeed be put to the test whether they
+        were for Christ or Mammon. The conviction that a time of trial was
+        come broke on <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page121">[pg
+        121]</span><a name="Pg121" id="Pg121" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the
+        community like a thundercloud, and produced a panic. Many doubted
+        their constancy, all shrank from being brought to a trial of their
+        faith. The congregation in the house of Baudillas, when it had
+        recovered from the first shock, resolved itself into groups agitated
+        by various passions. Some launched into recrimination against
+        Marcianus, who had brought them into jeopardy; some consulted in
+        whispers how to escape the danger; a few fell into complete
+        stupefaction of mind, unable to decide on any course. Others, again,
+        abandoned themselves to despair and shrieked forth hysterical
+        lamentations. Some crowded around Castor, clung to his garments and
+        entreated him to save them. Others endeavored to escape from a place
+        and association that would compromise them, by the back entrance to
+        the servants’ portion of the house.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A few, a very few
+        maintained their composure, and extending their arms fell to
+        prayer.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas hurried
+        from one party to another uttering words of reassurance, but his face
+        was blanched, his voice quivered, and he was obviously employing
+        formal expressions that conveyed no strength to his own heart.
+        Marcianus, with folded arms, looked at him scornfully, and as he
+        passed, said, <span class="tei tei-q">“The bishop <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page122">[pg 122]</span><a name="Pg122" id="Pg122"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>should not have ordained such an unstable
+        and quaking being as thyself to serve in the sacred
+        ministry.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah, brother,”</span> sighed Baudillas, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“it is with me as with Peter. The spirit truly is
+        willing, but the flesh is weak.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That was spoken of him,”</span> answered Marcianus,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“before Pentecost and the outpouring of the
+        spirit of strength. Such timidity, such feebleness are unworthy of a
+        Christian.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Pray for me that my faith fail not,”</span> said
+        Baudillas, and passed on. By action he deadened his fears. Now came
+        in Pedo, the old servant of the house, who had been sent forth to
+        reconnoiter. His report was not reassuring. The mob was sweeping
+        through the streets, and insisting on every household producing an
+        image at its doors and placing a light before it. There were fuglemen
+        who directed the crowd, which had been divided into bands to
+        perambulate every division of the town and make inquisition of every
+        house. The mob had begun by breaking into such dwellings as were not
+        protected by an image, and wrecking them. But after one or two of
+        such acts of violence, the magistrates had interfered, and although
+        they suffered the people to assemble before the houses and to clamor
+        for the <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page123">[pg 123]</span><a name=
+        "Pg123" id="Pg123" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>production of an image
+        and a light, yet they sent <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">vigiles</span></span>
+        (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">i.e.</span></span>, the watch) to guard such
+        dwellings as remained undecorated. When the master of the house
+        refused obedience to the mandate of the mob, then an officer ordered
+        him to open the door, and he summoned him to appear next day in court
+        and there do sacrifice. By this means the mob was satisfied and
+        passed on without violence.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But as the crowd
+        marched down the streets it arrested every man and woman that was
+        encountered, and insisted on their swearing by the gods and
+        blaspheming Christ.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Castor ordered the
+        congregation to depart by twos and by threes, to take side alleys,
+        and to avoid the main thoroughfares. This was possible, as the
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">posticum</span></span>, a back door,
+        communicated with a mean street that had the city wall for one
+        side.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My sons and daughters in Christ,”</span> said the bishop
+        with composure, <span class="tei tei-q">“remember that greater is He
+        that is with us than those that be against us. When the servant of
+        Elisha feared, then the Lord opened his eyes that he might behold the
+        angels with chariots and horses of fire prepared to defend His
+        servant. Avoid danger, but if it cannot be avoided stand firm.
+        Remember His words, <span class="tei tei-q">‘He that con<span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page124">[pg 124]</span><a name="Pg124" id="Pg124"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>fesseth me before men, him will I also
+        confess before my Father which is in heaven.’</span> ”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As soon as all had
+        departed, but not till then, did Castor leave. Marcianus turned with
+        a sneer to his fellow-deacon and said, <span class="tei tei-q">“Fly!
+        you have full license from the bishop; and he sets the example
+        himself.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I must tarry in my own house,”</span> answered
+        Baudillas. <span class="tei tei-q">“I have the ladies Quincta and
+        Perpetua under my protection. They cannot return to their home until
+        they be fetched.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“So! they lean on a broken reed such as thee!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Alack! they have none other to trust to.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The mob is descending our street,”</span> cried the
+        slave, Pedo, limping in.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What are we to do?”</span> asked Quincta trembling.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“If they discover me and my daughter here we
+        are undone. They will tear her from my arms.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon
+        <a name="corr125" id="corr125" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a><span class="tei tei-corr">Baudillas</span>
+        clasped his hands to his head. Then his slave said: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Master, Tarsius is at the door with litters and bearers.
+        He saith he hath been sent for the lady Perpetua.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And for me?”</span> asked Quincta eagerly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And for thee also, lady. It is said that guards are
+        observing thy house and that, therefore, thy slaves cannot venture
+        hither. Therefore, so says <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page125">[pg
+        125]</span><a name="Pg125" id="Pg125" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>Tarsius, his master, the wool-merchant, Julius
+        Largus, hath sent his litters and porters.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But his house will be visited!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The bearers have instructions as to what shall be
+        done.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“This is strange,”</span> said Quincta. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I did not suppose that Largus Litomarus would have shown
+        such consideration. We are not acquainted—indeed we belong to
+        different classes——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yet are ye one in Christ,”</span> said the deacon.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Call in Tarsius, he shall explain the
+        matter. But let him be speedy or the rabble will be on
+        us.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“They are at the head of the street,”</span> said the
+        slave, <span class="tei tei-q">“and visit the door of Terentius
+        Cominius.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He believes.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And he has set out a figure of the Good Shepherd before
+        his door with a lamp. The crowd regards it as a Mercury and has
+        cheered and gone on to the next door.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Tarsius,
+        thoroughly recovered from his intoxication, was now admitted. He
+        looked none in the face, and stumbled through his tale. Julius Largus
+        Litomarus had bidden him offer his litters; there were curtains
+        closing them, and his servants would convey the ladies to a place of
+        security.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page126">[pg
+        126]</span><a name="Pg126" id="Pg126" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Quincta was too
+        frightened, too impatient to be off, to question the man, nor was the
+        deacon more nice in inquiry, for he also was in a condition of
+        nervous unrest.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The shouts of the
+        mob could be heard.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not wholly trust this man,”</span> said Baudillas.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“He was expelled for misconduct. Yet, what
+        can we do? Time presses! Hark!—in a brief space the rabble will be
+        here. Next house is a common lodging and will not detain them. Would
+        that Marcianus had remained. He could have advised us. Madam, act as
+        you think best.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The mob is on the move,”</span> said Pedo. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“They have been satisfied at the house of Dulcius Liber,
+        and now Septimus Philadelphus is bringing out half-a-dozen gods.
+        Master—there is not a moment to be lost.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Let us fly—quick!”</span> gasped Quincta.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She plucked her
+        daughter’s arm, and fairly dragged her along the passage out of the
+        house.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the street they
+        saw a flare. The rabble, held in control by some directing spirit,
+        was furnished with torches. It was roaring outside a house, impatient
+        because no statue was produced, and proceeded to throw stones and
+        batter the door.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page127">[pg
+        127]</span><a name="Pg127" id="Pg127" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That house is empty,”</span> whispered Pedo.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“The master was bankrupt and everything sold.
+        There is not a person in it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Quincta mounted
+        the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">lectica</span></span> or
+        palanquin that was offered, without looking whether her daughter were
+        safe, and allowed the bearers, nay urged them, to start at a
+        trot.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Tarsius remained
+        behind. He handed Perpetua into the second closed litter, then gave
+        the word, and ran beside it, holding the curtains together with one
+        hand.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas
+        trembling for himself was now left alone.</p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page128">[pg 128]</span><a name="Pg128"
+        id="Pg128" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc25" id=
+        "toc25"></a><a name="pdf26" id="pdf26"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">REUS</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Master!”</span> said the old slave, moving uneasily on
+        his stiff joint, before the even more nervously agitated master,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Master, there is the freedwoman Glyceria
+        below, who comes in charing. She has brought an idol of Tarranus
+        under her cloak, and offers to set that with a lamp before the door.
+        She is not a believer, she worships devils, but is a good soul and
+        would save us. She awaits your permission.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon was
+        profoundly moved.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It must not be! It may not be! I—I am a deacon of the
+        Church. This is known to be a Christian household. The Church is in
+        my house, and here the divine mysteries are celebrated. If she had
+        not asked my leave, and had—if—but no, I cannot sanction this. God
+        strengthen me, I am distracted and weak.”</span> The slave remained.
+        He expected that his master in the end would yield.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And yet,”</span> stammered Baudillas, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He hath com<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page129">[pg
+        129]</span><a name="Pg129" id="Pg129" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>passion on the infirm and feeble. He forgave
+        Peter. May He not pardon me if—? Glyceria is a heathen woman. She
+        does not belong to my family. I did not propose this. I am not
+        responsible for her acts. But no—it would be a betrayal of the truth,
+        a dishonor to the Church. He that confesseth me before men—no, no,
+        Pedo, it may not be.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And now it is too late,”</span> said the slave.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“They are at the door.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Blows resounded
+        through the house, and the roar of voices from the street surged up
+        over the roof, and poured in through the opening over the <span lang=
+        "la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">impluvium</span></span>. It was as though a
+        mighty sea were thundering against the house and the waves curled
+        over it and plunged in through the gap above the court.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You must open, Pedo. I will run upstairs for a moment
+        and compose myself. Then—if it must be—but do not suffer the rabble
+        to enter. If a prefect be there, or his underling and soldiers, let
+        them keep the door. Say I shall be down directly. Yet stay—is the
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">posticum</span></span> available for
+        escape?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir—the mob have detailed a party to go to the backs of
+        the houses and watch every way of exit.”</span></p><span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page130">[pg 130]</span><a name="Pg130" id="Pg130"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then it is God’s will that I be taken. I cannot help
+        myself. I am glad I said No to the offer of Glyceria.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon
+        ascended a flight of limestone steps to the upper story. The slabs
+        were worn and cracked, and had not been repaired owing to his
+        poverty. He entered a room that looked out on the street, and went to
+        the window.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The street above
+        his doorway was dense with people, below it was completely empty.
+        Torches threw up a glare illumining the white façades of the houses.
+        He saw a sea of heads below. He heard the growl of voices breaking
+        into a foam of coarse laughter. Curses uttered against the
+        Christians, blasphemies against Christ, words of foulness, threats,
+        brutal jests, formed the matter of the hubbub below. A man bearing a
+        white wand with a sprig of artificial mistletoe at the end, gave
+        directions to the people where to go, where to stop, what to do. He
+        was the head of the branch of the guild of the Cultores Nemausi for
+        that portion of the town.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Someone in the mob
+        lifting his face, looked up and saw the deacon at the window, and at
+        once shouted, <span class="tei tei-q">“There! there he is! Baudillas
+        Macer, <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page131">[pg 131]</span><a name=
+        "Pg131" id="Pg131" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>come down, sacrilegious
+        one! That is he who carried the maiden away.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then rose hoots
+        and yells, and a boy putting his hands together and blowing produced
+        an unearthly scream.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is one of them! He is a ringleader! He has an ass’s
+        head in the house to which he sacrifices our little ones. He it was
+        who stuck needles into the child of the potter Fusius, and then
+        gnawed off the cheeks and fingers. He can inform where is the
+        daughter of Aulus Harpinius who was snatched from the basin of the
+        god. Let us avenge on him the great sacrilege that has been
+        committed. It was he who struck off the head of the god.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then one flung a
+        stone that crashed into the room, and had not Baudillas drawn back,
+        it would have struck and thrown him down stunned.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Let the house be ransacked!”</span> yelled the mob.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“We will seek in it for the bones of the
+        murdered children. Break open the door if he will not unfasten. Bring
+        a ladder, we will enter by the windows. Someone ascend to the roof
+        and drop into the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">atrium</span></span>.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then ensued a rush
+        against the valves, but they were too solid to yield; and the bars
+        held them <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page132">[pg
+        132]</span><a name="Pg132" id="Pg132" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>firm, run as they were into their sockets in the
+        solid wall.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The slave Pedo now
+        knocked on the inside. This was the signal that he was about to
+        open.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The soldiers drew
+        up across the entrance, and when the door was opened, suffered none
+        to enter the house save the deputy of the prefect with four of his
+        police, and some of the leaders of the Cultores Nemausi. And now a
+        strange calm fell on the hitherto troubled spirit of Baudillas. He
+        was aware that no effort he could make would enable him to escape.
+        His knees, indeed, shook under him as he went to the stairs to
+        descend, and forgetting that the tenth step was broken, he stumbled
+        at it and was nearly precipitated to the bottom. Yet all wavering,
+        all hesitation in his mind was at an end.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He saw the men in
+        the court running about, calling to each other, peering into every
+        room, cubicle, and closet; one called that the cellar was the place
+        in which the infamous rites of the Christians were performed and that
+        there would be found amphoræ filled with human blood. Then one
+        shouted that in the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">tablinum</span></span> there
+        was naught save a small table. Immediately after a howl rose from
+        those who had <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page133">[pg
+        133]</span><a name="Pg133" id="Pg133" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>penetrated to the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">triclinium</span></span>, and next moment they
+        came rushing forth in such excitement that they dragged down the
+        curtain that hung before the door and entangled their feet in it.
+        One, not staying to disengage himself, held up his hands and
+        exhibited the broken head of the statue, that had been brought there
+        by Marcianus, and by him left on the floor.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is he who has done it! The sacrilegious one! The
+        defacer of the holy image!”</span> howled the men, and fell upon the
+        deacon with their fists. Some plucked at his hair; one spat in his
+        face. Others kicked him, and tripping him up, cast him his length on
+        the ground, where they would have beaten and trampled the life out of
+        him, had not the deputy of the ædile interfered, rescued him from the
+        hands of his assailants and thrust him into a chamber at the side of
+        the hall, saying: <span class="tei tei-q">“He shall be brought before
+        the magistrate. It is not for you to take into your hands the
+        execution of criminals untried and uncondemned.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then one of the
+        officers of the club ran to the doorway of the house, and cried:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Citizens of Nemausus, hearken. The author of
+        the egregious impiety has been discovered. It is Cneius Baudillas
+        Macer, who belongs to an ancient, though decayed, <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page134">[pg 134]</span><a name="Pg134" id="Pg134"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>family of this town. He who should have
+        been the last to dishonor the divine founder has raised his
+        parricidal hand against him. He stands convicted. The head of the god
+        has been found in the house; it is that recently broken off from the
+        statue by the baths. Eheu! Eheu! Woe be to the city, unless this
+        indignity be purged away.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A yell of
+        indignation rose as an answer.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The slave Pedo was
+        suffered to enter the bedroom, on the floor of which lay his master
+        bruised and with his face bleeding; for some of his front teeth had
+        been broken and his lips were cut.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh master! dear master! What is to be done?”</span>
+        asked the faithful creature, sobbing in his distress.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I wonder greatly, Pedo, how I have endured so much. My
+        fear is lest in the end I fall away. I enjoin you—there is naught
+        else you can do for me—seek the bishop, and ask that the prayers of
+        the Church may go up to the Throne of Grace for me. I am feeble and
+        frail. I was a frightened shy lad in old times. If I were to fall, it
+        would be a shame to the Church of God in this town, this Church that
+        has so many more worthy than myself in it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Can I bring thee aught, master? Water and a
+        towel?”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page135">[pg
+        135]</span><a name="Pg135" id="Pg135" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, nothing, Pedo! Do as I bid. It is all that I now
+        desire.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The soldiers
+        entered, raised the deacon, and made him walk between them. A man was
+        placed in front, another behind to protect him against the people. As
+        Baudillas was conveyed down the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">ostium</span></span>, the passage to the door,
+        he could see faces glowering in at him; he heard angry voices howling
+        at him; an involuntary shrinking came over him, but he was
+        irresistibly drawn forward by the soldiers. On being thrust through
+        the doorway before all, then a great roar broke forth, fists and
+        sticks were shaken at him, but none ventured to cast stones lest the
+        soldiers should be struck.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One portion of the
+        mob now detached itself from the main body, so as to follow and
+        surround the deacon and assure itself that he did not escape before
+        he was consigned to the prison.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The city of
+        Nemausus, capital of the Volcæ Arecomici, though included
+        geographically in the province of Narbonese Gaul, was in fact an
+        independent republic, not subject to the proconsul, but under Roman
+        suzerainty. With twenty-four <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">comæ</span></span> or
+        townships under it, it governed itself by popular election, and
+        enjoyed the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">lex Italica</span></span>. This
+        little <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page136">[pg 136]</span><a name=
+        "Pg136" id="Pg136" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>republic was free from
+        land tax, and it was governed by four functionaries, the
+        Quatuor-viri, two of whom looked after the finances, and two, like
+        the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">duum-viri</span></span>
+        elsewhere, were for the purpose of maintaining order, and the
+        criminal jurisdiction was in their hands. Their title in full was
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">duum viri juri dicendo</span></span>, and they
+        were annually elected by the senate. Their function was much that in
+        small of the Roman consuls, and they were sometimes in joke entitled
+        consuls. They presided over the senate and had the government of the
+        town and state in their hands during their tenure of office. On
+        leaving their office they petitioned for and received the right to
+        ride horses, and were accounted knights. They wore the dignified
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">præ texta</span></span>, and were attended by
+        two lictors.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas walked
+        between his escort. He was in a dazed condition. The noise, the
+        execrations cast at him, the flashing of the torches on the helmets
+        and breastplates of the guard, the glittering eyes and teeth of the
+        faces peering at him, the pain from the contusions he had received
+        combined to bewilder him. In the darkness and confusion of his brain,
+        but one thought remained permanent and burnt like a brilliant light,
+        his belief in Christ, and one desire <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page137">[pg 137]</span><a name="Pg137" id="Pg137" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>occupied his soul, to be true to his faith. He
+        was too distracted to pray. He could not rally his senses nor fix his
+        ideas, but the yearning of his humble soul rose up, like the steam
+        from a new turned glebe in the sun of a spring morning.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In times of
+        persecution certain strong spirits had rushed to confession and
+        martyrdom in an intoxication of zeal, such as Baudillas could not
+        understand. He did not think of winning the crown of martyrdom, but
+        he trembled lest he should prove a castaway.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thrust forward,
+        dragged along, now stumbling, then righted by the soldiers sustaining
+        him, Baudillas was conveyed to the forum and to the basilica where
+        the magistrate was seated.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On account of the
+        disturbance, the Duum-vir—we will so term him though he was actually
+        one of the Quatuor-viri—he whose turn it was to maintain order and
+        administer justice, had taken his place in the court, so as to be
+        able to consign to custody such as were brought in by the guard on
+        suspicion of being implicated in the outrage; he was there as well
+        for the purpose of being ready to take measures promptly should the
+        mob become unmanageable. So long as it was under control, he did not
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page138">[pg 138]</span><a name="Pg138"
+        id="Pg138" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>object to its action, but he
+        had no thought of letting it get the upper hand. Rioters, like
+        children, have a liking for fire, and if they were suffered to apply
+        their torches to the houses of Christians might produce a general
+        conflagration.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Although the
+        magistrates were chosen by popular election, it was not those who
+        constituted the rabble who had votes, and had to be humored, but the
+        citizen householders, who viewed the upheaval of the masses with
+        jealous suspicion.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">That the
+        proceedings should be conducted in an orderly manner, instructions
+        had been issued that no arrest was to be made without there being
+        someone forthcoming to act as accuser, and the soldiers were enjoined
+        to protect whosoever was menaced against whom no one was prepared to
+        formulate a charge which he would sustain in court.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the case of
+        Baudillas there would be no difficulty. The man—he was the treasurer
+        of the guild—who had found the mutilated head was ready to appear
+        against him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The court into
+        which the deacon was brought rapidly filled with a crowd, directly he
+        had been placed in what we should now call the dock. Then the accuser
+        stood up and gave his name. The magis<span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page139">[pg 139]</span><a name="Pg139" id="Pg139" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>trate accepted the accusation. Whereupon the
+        accuser made oath that he acted from no private motive of hostility
+        to the accused, and that he was not bribed by a third person to
+        delate him. This done, he proceeded to narrate how he had entered the
+        house of Baudillas, surnamed Macer, who was generally believed to be
+        a minister of the sect of the Christians; how that in searching the
+        house he had lighted on a mutilated head on the pavement of the
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">triclinium</span></span>. He further stated that
+        he well knew the statue of the god Nemausus that stood by the
+        fountain which supplied the lower town, and that he was firmly
+        convinced that the head which he now produced had belonged to the
+        statue, which statue had that very night been wantonly and impiously
+        defaced. He therefore concluded that the owner of the house,
+        Baudillas Macer, was either directly or indirectly guilty of the act
+        of sacrilege, and he demanded his punishment in accordance with the
+        law.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This sufficed as
+        preliminary.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas was now
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">reus</span></span>, and as such was ordered to
+        be conveyed to prison, there to be confined until the morning, when
+        the interrogation would take place.</p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page140">[pg 140]</span><a name="Pg140"
+        id="Pg140" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc27" id=
+        "toc27"></a><a name="pdf28" id="pdf28"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XIII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">AD FINES</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua was
+        carried along at a swinging trot in the closed litter, till the end
+        of the street had been reached, and then, after a corner had been
+        turned, the bearers relaxed their pace. It was too dark for her to
+        see what were the buildings past which she was taken, even had she
+        withdrawn the curtains that shut in the litter; but to withdraw these
+        curtains would have required her to exert some force, as they were
+        held together in the grasp of Tarsius, running and striding at the
+        side. But, indeed, she did not suppose it necessary to observe the
+        direction in which she was being conveyed. She had accepted in good
+        faith the assurance that the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">lectica</span></span>
+        had been sent by the rich Christian wool merchant, Largus Litomarus,
+        and had acquiesced in her mother’s readiness to accept the offer,
+        without a shadow of suspicion.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">God had delivered
+        her from a watery death, and she regarded the gift as one to be
+        respected; her life thus granted her was not to be wilfully thrown
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page141">[pg 141]</span><a name="Pg141"
+        id="Pg141" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>away or unnecessarily
+        jeopardized. Unless she escaped from the house of the deacon, she
+        would fall into the hands of the rabble, and this was a prospect more
+        terrifying than any other. If called upon again to witness a good
+        confession, she would do so, God helping her, but she was glad to be
+        spared the ordeal.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was not till
+        the porters halted, and knocked at a door, and she had descended from
+        the palanquin, that some suspicion crossed her mind that all was not
+        right. She looked about her, and inquired for her mother. Then one
+        whom she had not hitherto noticed drew nigh, bowing, and said:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Lady, your youthful and still beautiful
+        mother will be here presently. The slaves who carry her have gone
+        about another way so as to divert attention from your priceless self,
+        should any of the mob have set off in pursuit.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The tone of the
+        address surprised the girl. Her mother was not young, and although in
+        her eyes that mother was lovely, yet Quincta was not usually
+        approached with expressions of admiration for her beauty.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again Perpetua
+        accepted what was said, as the reason given was plausible, and
+        entered the house. <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page142">[pg
+        142]</span><a name="Pg142" id="Pg142" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>The
+        first thing she observed, by the torch glare, was a statue of Apollo.
+        She was surprised, and inquired, hesitatingly, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Is this the house of Julius Largus
+        Litomarus?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Admirable is your ladyship’s perspicuity. Even in the
+        dark those more-than-Argus eyes discern the truth. The worthy citizen
+        Largus belongs to the sect. He is menaced as well as other excellent
+        citizens by the unreasoning and irrational vulgar. He has therefore
+        instructed that you should be conveyed to the dwelling of a friend,
+        only deploring that it should be unworthy of your
+        presence.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“May I ask your name, sir?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Septimus Callipodius, at your service.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not remember to have heard the name, but,”</span>
+        she added with courtesy, <span class="tei tei-q">“that is due to my
+        ignorance as a young girl, or to my defective memory.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is a name that has not deserved to be harbored in the
+        treasury of such a mind.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The girl was
+        uneasy. The fulsome compliment and the obsequious bow of the speaker
+        were not merely repugnant to her good taste, but filled her with
+        vague misgivings. It was true that exaggeration and flattery in
+        address were common enough <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page143">[pg
+        143]</span><a name="Pg143" id="Pg143" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>at
+        the period, but not among Christians, who abstained from such
+        extravagance. The mode of speaking adopted by Callipodius stamped him
+        as not being one of the faithful.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I will summon a female slave to attend on your
+        ladyship,”</span> said he; <span class="tei tei-q">“and she will
+        conduct you to the women’s apartments. Ask for whatever you desire.
+        The entire contents of the house are at your disposal.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I prefer to remain here in the court till my mother
+        shall arrive.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Alas! adorable lady! it is possible that you may have to
+        endure her absence for some time. Owing to the disturbed condition of
+        the streets, it is to be feared that her carriage has been stopped;
+        it is not unlikely that she may have been compelled to take refuge
+        elsewhere; but, under no circumstances short of being absolutely
+        prevented from joining you, will she fail to meet you to-morrow in
+        the villa Ad Fines.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Whose villa?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The villa to which, for security, you and your mother
+        the Lady Quincta are to be conveyed till the disturbances are over,
+        and the excitement in men’s minds has abated. By Hercules! one might
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page144">[pg 144]</span><a name="Pg144"
+        id="Pg144" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>say that the drama of the quest
+        of Proserpine by Ceres were being rehearsed, were it not that the
+        daughter is seeking the mother as well as the latter her incomparable
+        child.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot go to Ad Fines without her.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Lady, in all humility, as unworthy to advise you in
+        anything, I would venture to suggest that your safety depends on
+        accepting the means of escape that are offered. The high priestess
+        has declared that nothing will satisfy the incensed god but that you
+        should be surrendered to her, and what mercy you would be likely to
+        encounter at her hands, after what has taken place, your penetrating
+        mind will readily perceive. Such being the case, I dare recommend
+        that you snatch at the opportunity offered, fly the city and hide in
+        the villa of a friend who will die rather than surrender you. None
+        will suspect that you are there.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What friend? Largus Litomarus is scarcely to be termed
+        an acquaintance of my mother.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Danger draws close all generous ties,”</span> said
+        Callipodius.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But my mother?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Your mother, gifted with vast prudence, may have judged
+        that her presence along with you would <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page145">[pg 145]</span><a name="Pg145" id="Pg145" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>increase the danger to yourself. I do not say
+        so. But it may so happen that her absence at this moment may be due
+        to her good judgment. On the other hand, it may also have chanced, as
+        I already intimated, that her litter has been stayed, and she has
+        been constrained to sacrifice.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That she will never do.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“In that case, I shudder at the consequences. But why
+        suppose the worst? She has been delayed. And now, lady, suffer me to
+        withdraw—it is an eclipse of my light to be beyond the radiance of
+        your eyes. I depart, however, animated by the conviction, and winging
+        my steps, that I go to perform your dearest wish—to obtain
+        information relative to your lady mother, and to learn when and where
+        she will rejoin you. Be ready to start at dawn—as soon as the city
+        gates are opened, and that will be in another hour.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Perpetua
+        resigned herself to the female servants, who led her into the inner
+        and more private portions of the house, reached by means of a passage
+        called <span class="tei tei-q">“the Jaws”</span> (<span lang="la"
+        class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">fauces</span></span>).</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua was aware
+        that she was in a difficult situation, one in which she was unable to
+        know how she was placed, and from which she could not
+        extri<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page146">[pg 146]</span><a name=
+        "Pg146" id="Pg146" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>cate herself. She was
+        young and inexperienced, and, on the whole, inclined to trust what
+        she was told.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In pagan Rome, it
+        was not customary for girls to be allowed the liberty that alone
+        could give them self-confidence. Perhaps the condition of that evil
+        world was such that this would not have been possible. When the
+        foulest vice flaunted in public without a blush, when even religion
+        demoralized, then a Roman parent held that the only security for the
+        innocence of a daughter lay in keeping her closely guarded from every
+        corrupting sight and sound. She was separated from her brothers and
+        from all men; she associated with her mother and with female slaves
+        only. She was hardly allowed in the street or road, except in a
+        litter with curtains close drawn, unless it were at some religious
+        festival or public ceremony, when she was attended by her relatives
+        and not allowed out of their sight.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This was due not
+        merely to the fact that evil was rampant, but also to the conviction
+        in the hearts of parents that innocence could be preserved only by
+        ignorance. They were unable to supply a child with any moral
+        principle, to give it any law for the government of life, which would
+        plant the best guardian of virtue within, in the
+        heart.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page147">[pg
+        147]</span><a name="Pg147" id="Pg147" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Augustus, knowing
+        of no divine law, elevated sentimental admiration for the simplicity
+        of the ancients into a principle—only to discover that it was
+        inadequate to bear the strain put on it; that the young failed to
+        comprehend why they should control their passions and deny themselves
+        pleasures out of antiquarian pedantry. Marcus Aurelius had sought in
+        philosophy a law that would keep life pure and noble, but his son
+        Commodus cast philosophy to the winds as a bubble blown by the breath
+        of man, and became a monster of vice. Public opinion was an unstable
+        guide. It did worse than fluctuate, it sank. Much was tolerated under
+        the Empire that was abhorrent to the conscience under the Republic.
+        It allowed to-day what it had condemned yesterday. It was a nose of
+        wax molded by the vicious governing classes, accommodated to their
+        license.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Although a
+        Christian maiden was supplied with that which the most exalted
+        philosophy could not furnish—a revealed moral code, descending from
+        the Creator of man for the governance of man, yet Christian parents
+        could not expose their children to contamination of mind by allowing
+        them the wide freedom given at this day to an English or American
+        girl. Moreover, the customs of social life had to be <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page148">[pg 148]</span><a name="Pg148" id="Pg148"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>complied with, and could not be broken
+        through. Christian girls were accordingly still under some restraint,
+        were kept dependent on their parents, and were not allowed those
+        opportunities for free action which alone develop individuality and
+        give independence of character. Nevertheless, in times of
+        persecution, when many of these maidens thus closely watched were
+        brought to the proof of their faith, they proved as strong as men—so
+        mighty was the grace of God, so stubborn was faith.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Although Perpetua
+        was greatly exhausted by the strain to which she had been exposed
+        during the day, she could not rest when left to herself in a quiet
+        room, so alarmed was she at the absence of her mother.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An hour passed,
+        then a second. Finally, steps sounded in the corridor before her
+        chamber, and she knew that she must rise from the couch on which she
+        had cast herself and continue her flight.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A slave presented
+        herself to inform Perpetua that Callipodius had returned with the
+        tidings that her mother was unable at once to rejoin her, that she
+        was well and safe, and had preceded her to Ad Fines; that she desired
+        her daughter to follow with the utmost expedition, and that she was
+        impatient <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page149">[pg
+        149]</span><a name="Pg149" id="Pg149" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>to
+        embrace her. The slave woman added that the streets were now quiet,
+        the city gates were open, and that the litter was at the door in
+        readiness.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I will follow you with all speed. Leave me to
+        myself.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then, when the
+        slave had withdrawn, Perpetua hastily arranged her ruffled hair,
+        extended her arms, and turning to the east, invoked the protection of
+        the God who had promised, <span class="tei tei-q">“I will never leave
+        thee, nor forsake thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On descending to
+        the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">atrium</span></span>, Perpetua
+        knelt by the water-tank and bathed her face and neck. Then she
+        mounted the litter that awaited her outside the house. The bearers at
+        once started at a run, nor did they desist till they had passed
+        through the city gate on the road that led to the mountain range of
+        the Cebennæ. This was no military way, but it led into the pleasant
+        country where the citizens of Nemausus and some of the rich merchants
+        of Narbo had their summer quarters.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The gray dawn had
+        appeared. Market people from the country were coming into the town
+        with their produce in baskets and carts.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bearers jogged
+        along till the road ascended <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page150">[pg 150]</span><a name="Pg150" id="Pg150" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>with sufficient rapidity to make them short of
+        breath. The morning was cold. A streak of light lay in the east, and
+        the wind blew fresh from the same quarter. The colorless white dawn
+        overflowed the plain of the Rhodanus, thickly strewn with olives,
+        whose gray foliage was much of the same tint as the sky overhead. To
+        the south and southeast the olive plantations were broken by tracts
+        of water, some permanent lagoons, others due to recent inundations.
+        To the right, straight as an arrow, white as snow, ran the high road
+        from Italy to Spain, that crossed the Rhodanus at Ugernum, the modern
+        Beaucaire, and came from Italy by Tegulata, the scene of the victory
+        of Marius over the Cimbri, and by Aquæ Sextiæ and its hot
+        springs.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The journey was
+        long; the light grew. Presently the sun rose and flushed all with
+        light and heat. The chill that had penetrated to the marrow of the
+        drowsy girl gave way. She had refused food before starting; now, when
+        the bearers halted at a little wayside tavern for refreshment and
+        rest, she accepted some cakes and spiced wine from the fresh
+        open-faced hostess with kindly eyes and a pleasant smile, and felt
+        her spirits revive. Was she not to rejoin her dear mother? Had she
+        not escaped with <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page151">[pg
+        151]</span><a name="Pg151" id="Pg151" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>her
+        life from extreme peril? Was she not going to a place where she would
+        be free from pursuit?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She continued her
+        journey with a less anxious heart. The scenery improved, the heights
+        were wooded, there were juniper bushes, here and there tufts of pale
+        helebore.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the litter
+        was borne on to a terrace before a mass of limestone crag and forest
+        that rose in the rear. A slave came to the side of the palanquin and
+        drew back the curtain. Perpetua saw a bright pretty villa, with
+        pillars before it forming a peristyle. On the terrace was a fountain
+        plashing in a basin.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Lady,”</span> said the slave, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“this is Ad Fines. The master salutes you humbly, and
+        requests that you will enter.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The master? What master?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Æmilius Lentulus Varo.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page152">[pg 152]</span><a name="Pg152"
+        id="Pg152" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc29" id=
+        "toc29"></a><a name="pdf30" id="pdf30"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XIV</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">TO THE LOWEST DEPTH</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas found
+        that there were already many in the prison, who had been swept
+        together by the mob and the soldiers, either for having refused to
+        produce an image, or for having declined to sacrifice. To his no
+        small surprise he saw among them the wool-merchant Julius Largus
+        Litomarus. The crowd had surrounded his house, and as he had not
+        complied with their demands, they had sent him to the duumvir,<a id=
+        "noteref_6" name="noteref_6" href="#note_6"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">6</span></span></a> Petronius
+        Atacinus, who had consigned him to prison till, at his leisure, he
+        could investigate the charge against him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The two
+        magistrates who sat in court and gave sentence were Petronius
+        Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, and they took it in turns to sit, each
+        being the acting magistrate for a month, when he was succeeded by the
+        other. Atacinus was a humane man, easy-going, related to the best
+        families in the place, <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page153">[pg
+        153]</span><a name="Pg153" id="Pg153" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>and
+        acquainted with such as he was not allied with by blood or marriage.
+        His position, in face of the commotion relative to the mutilation of
+        the image and the rescue of Perpetua, was not an easy one.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In Rome and in
+        every other important city, the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">flamen</span></span>, or chief priest, occupied
+        a post of considerable importance and influence. He sat in the seat
+        at the games and in the theater next to the chief magistrates, and
+        took precedence over every other officer in the town. Nemausus had
+        such a <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamen</span></span>, and he
+        was not only the official religious head in the place, but was also
+        the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamen
+        Augustalis</span></span>, the pontiff connected with the worship of
+        Augustus, which had become the predominant cult in Narbonese Gaul,
+        and also head of the College of the Augustals, that comprised the
+        very powerful body of freedmen. The priestess of the divine founder
+        and giver of the fountain shared his dignity and authority. Between
+        them they could exercise a preponderating power in the town, and it
+        would be in vain for Petronius Atacinus, however easy-going he might
+        be, and disinclined to shed blood, to pass over what had been done
+        without affording satisfaction to the pagan party moved and held
+        together by the priesthood.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Yet the duumvir
+        judged that it would be emi<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page154">[pg
+        154]</span><a name="Pg154" id="Pg154" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>nently unadvisable for him to proceed with too
+        great severity, and to punish too many persons. Christianity had many
+        adherents in the place, and some of these belonged to the noble,
+        others to the mercantile, families. The general wish among the
+        well-to-do was that there should be no systematic persecution. An
+        inquisitorial search after Christians would break up families, rouse
+        angry passions, and, above all, disturb business.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Petronius had
+        already resolved on his course. He had used every sort of evasion
+        that could be practiced. He had knowingly abstained from enjoining on
+        the keepers of the city gates the requisition of a passport from such
+        as left the town. The more who fled and concealed themselves, the
+        better pleased would he be.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Nevertheless, he
+        had no thought of allowing the mutilation of the statue to pass
+        unpunished, and he was resolved on satisfying the priesthood by
+        restoring Perpetua to them. If he were obliged to put any to death,
+        he would shed the blood only of such as were inconsiderable and
+        friendless.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There was another
+        element that entered into the matter, and which helped to render
+        Atacinus inclined to leniency. The Cæsar at the time was M.
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page155">[pg 155]</span><a name="Pg155"
+        id="Pg155" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Aurelius Antoninus, commonly
+        known as Caracalla. He had been brought up from infancy by a
+        Christian nurse, and was thought to harbor a lurking regard for the
+        members of the religion of Christ. At any rate, he displayed no
+        intolerance towards those who professed it. He was, himself, a
+        ferocious tyrant, as capricious as he was cruel. He had murdered his
+        brother Geta in a fit of jealousy, and his conscience, tortured by
+        remorse, drove him to seek relief by prying into the mysteries of
+        strange religions.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The duumvir
+        Atacinus was alive to the inclinations and the temper of the prince,
+        and was the more afraid of offending him by persecution of the
+        Christians, as the Emperor was about shortly to visit Gaul, and might
+        even pass through Nemausus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">If in such a
+        condition of affairs the Christians were exposed to danger, it may
+        well be inferred that, where it was less favorable, their situation
+        was surrounded with danger. They were at all times liable to fall
+        victims to popular tumults, occasioned sometimes by panic produced by
+        an earthquake, by resentment at an accidental conflagration which the
+        vulgar insisted on referring to the Christians, sometimes by distress
+        at the breaking out of an epidemic. <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page156">[pg 156]</span><a name="Pg156" id="Pg156" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>On such occasions the unreasoning rabble
+        clamored that the gods were incensed at the spread of the new
+        atheism, and that the Christians must be cast to the lions.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When Baudillas saw
+        the wool merchant in the prison, he went to him immediately.
+        Litomarus was sitting disconsolately on a stone bench with his back
+        against the prison wall.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I did not go to the Agape,”</span> said he; <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I was afraid to do so. But I might as well. The people
+        bellowed under my windows like bulls of Bashan.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And you did not exhibit an image?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No, I could not do that. Then the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">viatores</span></span> of the ædiles took me in
+        charge. I was hustled about, and was dragged off here. My wife fell
+        down in a faint. I do not think she will recover the shock. She has
+        been in a weak condition ever since the death of our little Cordula.
+        We loved that child. We were wrapped up in her. Marcianus said that
+        we made of the little creature an earthly idol, and that it was right
+        she should be taken away. I do not know. She had such winning ways.
+        One could not help loving her. She made such droll remarks, and
+        screwed up her little eyes——”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page157">[pg 157]</span><a name="Pg157" id="Pg157" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But before you were arrested, you thought considerately
+        of Perpetua and her mother Quincta.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not understand to what you refer.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To the sending of litters for them.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I sent no litters.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Your slave Tarsius came to my house to announce that you
+        had been pleased to remember the ladies there taking refuge, and that
+        you had placed your two palanquins at their disposal.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Tarsius said this?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Even Tarsius.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Tarsius is a slippery rascal. He was very fond of our
+        little Cordula, and was wont to carry her on his shoulder, so we have
+        liked him because of that. Nevertheless, he is—well, not
+        trustworthy.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“May God avert that a trap has been laid to ensnare the
+        virgin and her mother. Tarsius was expelled the Church for
+        inebriety.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I know nothing about the palanquins. I have but one.
+        After the death of little Cordula, I did not care to keep a second. I
+        always carry about with me a lock cut from her head after death. It
+        is like floss silk.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The wool merchant
+        was too greatly absorbed in his own troubles to give attention to the
+        matter that <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page158">[pg
+        158]</span><a name="Pg158" id="Pg158" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>had
+        been broached by the deacon. Baudillas withdrew to another part of
+        the prison in serious concern.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When day broke,
+        Litomarus was released. His brother was a pagan and had easily
+        satisfied the magistrate. This brother was in the firm, and traveled
+        for it, buying fleeces from the shepherds on the limestone plateaux
+        of Niger and Larsacus. He had been away the day before, but on his
+        return in the morning, on learning that Julius was arrested, he spoke
+        with the duumvir, presented him with a ripe ewe’s milk cheese just
+        brought by him from Larsacus, and obtained the discharge of Julius
+        without further difficulty.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas remained
+        in prison that morning, and it was not till the afternoon that he was
+        conducted into court. By this time the duumvir was tired and
+        irritable. The <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamen</span></span> had
+        arrived and had spoken with Atacinus, and complained that no example
+        had been made, that the Christians were being released, and that,
+        unless some sharp punishments were administered, the people, incensed
+        at the leniency that had been exhibited, would break out in uproar
+        again. Petronius Atacinus, angry, tired out, hungry and peevish, at
+        once sent for the deacon.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The head of the
+        god had been found in his house, <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page159">[pg 159]</span><a name="Pg159" id="Pg159" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>and he had been seen conveying the rescued
+        virgin from the fountain, and must certainly know where she was
+        concealed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was noticeable
+        that nothing had been said about the punishing of Æmilius. Even the
+        god, as interpreted by the priestess, had made no demand that he
+        should be dealt with; in fact, had not mentioned him. The duumvir
+        perfectly understood this reticence. Æmilius Lentulus belonged to a
+        good family in the upper town, and to that most powerful and dreaded
+        of all professions—the law. Even the divine founder shrank from
+        attacking a member of the long robe, and a citizen of the upper
+        town.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When Baudillas
+        appeared in court, the magistrate demanded an explanation of the fact
+        of the broken head being found in his house, and further asked of him
+        where Perpetua was concealed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas would
+        offer no explanation on the first head; he could not do so without
+        incriminating his brother in the ministry. He denied that he had
+        committed the act of violence, but not that he knew who had
+        perpetrated the outrage. As to where Perpetua was, that he could not
+        say, because he did not know. His profession of ignorance was not
+        believed. He was threatened with torture, but in <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page160">[pg 160]</span><a name="Pg160" id="Pg160"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>vain. Thereupon the duumvir sentenced him
+        to be committed to the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">robur</span></span>,
+        and consigned to the lowest depth thereof, there to remain till such
+        time as he chose to reveal the required information.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Petronius
+        Atacinus turned and looked at the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">flamen</span></span> with a smile, and the
+        latter responded with a well-satisfied nod.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A Roman prison
+        consisted of several parts, and the degree of severity exercised was
+        marked by the portion of the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">carcer</span></span>
+        to which the prisoner was consigned. Roman law knew nothing of
+        imprisonment for a term as a punishment. The <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">carcer</span></span> was employed either as a
+        place for temporary detention till trial, or else it was one for
+        execution.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The most tolerable
+        portion of the jail consisted of the outer court, with its cells, and
+        a hall for shelter in cold and wet weather. This was in fact the
+        common <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">atrium</span></span> on an
+        enlarged scale and without its luxuries. But there was another part
+        of the prison entitled the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">robur</span></span>,
+        after the Tullian prison at Rome. This consisted of one large vaulted
+        chamber devoid of window, accessible only by the door, through the
+        interstices of which alone light and air could enter. It derived its
+        name from oak beams planted against the walls, to which were attached
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page161">[pg 161]</span><a name="Pg161"
+        id="Pg161" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>chains, by means of which
+        prisoners were fastened to them. In the center of the floor was a
+        round hole, with or without a low breastwork, and this hole
+        communicated with an abyss sometimes given the Greek name of
+        <span class="tei tei-foreign"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">barathrum</span></span>, with conical dome, the
+        opening being in the center. This pit was deep in mire. Into it
+        flowed the sewage of the prison, and the outfall was secured by a
+        grating.<a id="noteref_7" name="noteref_7" href=
+        "#note_7"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">7</span></span></a> The title
+        of <span class="tei tei-foreign"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">barathrum</span></span> sometimes accorded to
+        this lower portion of the dungeon was derived from a swamp near
+        Athens, in which certain malefactors were smothered.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When Jeremiah was
+        accused before King Zedekiah of inciting the people to come to terms
+        with the Chaldeans, he was put into such a place as this.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then took they Jeremiah, and cast him into the dungeon
+        of Malchiah, that was in the court of the prison, and they let down
+        Jeremiah with cords. And in the dungeon there was no water, but mire;
+        so Jeremiah sunk in the mire.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When Paul and
+        Silas were at Philippi, they were imprisoned in the superior portion
+        of the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">robur</span></span>,
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page162">[pg 162]</span><a name="Pg162"
+        id="Pg162" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>where were the stocks, whereas
+        the other prisoners were in the outer portion, that was more
+        comfortable, and where they had some freedom of movement.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas turned
+        gray with horror at the thought of being consigned to the awful
+        abyss. His courage failed him and he lost power in his knees, so that
+        he was unable to sustain himself, and the jailer’s assistants were
+        constrained to carry him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As he was conveyed
+        through the outer court, those who were awaiting their trial crowded
+        around him, to clasp and kiss his hand, to encourage him to play the
+        man for Christ, and to salute him reverently as a martyr.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am no martyr, good brethren,”</span> said the deacon
+        in a feeble voice. <span class="tei tei-q">“I am not called to suffer
+        for the faith, I have not been asked to sacrifice; I am to be thrown
+        down into the pit, because I cannot reveal what I do not
+        know.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One man, turning
+        to his fellow, said, in a low tone: <span class="tei tei-q">“If I
+        were given my choice, I would die by fire rather than linger in the
+        pit.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Will he die there of starvation?”</span> asked another,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“or will he smother in the mire?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“If he be sentenced to be retained there till he
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page163">[pg 163]</span><a name="Pg163"
+        id="Pg163" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>tells what he does not know, he
+        must die there, it matters not how.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“God deliver me from such a trial of my faith! I might
+        win the crown through the sword, but a passage to everlasting life
+        through that foul abyss—that would be past endurance.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As Baudillas was
+        supported through the doorway into the inner prison, he turned his
+        head and looked at the brilliant sky above the yard wall. Then the
+        door was shut and barred behind him. All, however, was not absolutely
+        dark, for there was a gap, through which two fingers could be thrust,
+        under the door, and the sun lay on the threshold and sent a faint
+        reflection through the chamber.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Nevertheless, on
+        entering from the glare of the sun, it seemed to Baudillas at first
+        as though he were plunged in darkness, and it was not for some
+        moments that he could distinguish the ledge that surrounded the
+        well-like opening. The jailer now proceeded to strike a light, and
+        after some trouble and curses, as he grazed his knuckles, he
+        succeeded in kindling a lamp. He now produced a rope, and made a loop
+        at one end about a short crosspole.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sit astride on that,”</span> said he
+        curtly.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page164">[pg
+        164]</span><a name="Pg164" id="Pg164" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas
+        complied, and with his hands grasped the cord.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then slowly he was
+        lowered into the pitch blackness below. Down—down—down he descended,
+        till he plashed into the mire.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The jailer holding
+        the lamp, looked down and called to him to release the rope. The
+        deacon obeyed. There he stood, looking up, watching the dancing pole
+        as it mounted, then saw the spark of the lamp withdrawn; heard the
+        retreating steps of the jailer, then a clash like thunder. The door
+        of the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">robur</span></span> was shut.
+        He was alone at the bottom of this fetid abyss.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then he said, and
+        tears coursed down his cheeks as he said it: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Thou hast laid me in the lowest pit—in the place of
+        darkness and in the grave.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page165">[pg 165]</span><a name="Pg165"
+        id="Pg165" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc31" id=
+        "toc31"></a><a name="pdf32" id="pdf32"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XV</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">“</span><span style="font-size: 100%">REVEALED UNTO
+        BABES</span><span style="font-size: 100%">”</span></span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On account of the
+        death in the family of the timber merchant, Æmilius left the house
+        and took a room and engaged attendance in the cottage of a cordwainer
+        a little way off. The house was clean, and the good woman was able to
+        cook him a meal not drowned in oil nor rank with garlic.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He was uneasy
+        because Callipodius did not return, and he obtained no tidings
+        concerning Perpetua. The image of this maiden, with a face of
+        transparent purity, out of which shone the radiance of a beautiful
+        soul, haunted his imagination and fluttered his heart. He walked by
+        the side of the flooded tract of land, noticed that the water was
+        falling, and looked, at every turn he took, in the direction of
+        Nemausus, expecting the arrival of his client, but always in
+        vain.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He did at length
+        see a boat approach, towards evening, and he paced the little
+        landing-place with quick strides till it ran up against it; and then
+        only, <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page166">[pg 166]</span><a name=
+        "Pg166" id="Pg166" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>to his disappointment,
+        did he see that Callipodius was not there. Castor disembarked.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the strength of
+        his slight acquaintance Æmilius greeted the bishop. The suspense was
+        become unendurable. He asked to be granted a few words in private. To
+        this Castor gladly consented.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He, the head of
+        the Christian community, had remained unmolested. He belonged to a
+        senatorial family in the town, and had relations among the most
+        important officials. The duumvir would undoubtedly leave him alone
+        unless absolutely obliged to lay hands on him. Nemausus was divided
+        into two towns, the Upper and the Lower, each with its own
+        water-supply, its own baths, and each distinct in social
+        composition.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The lower town,
+        the old Gallic city, that venerated the hero-founder of the same name
+        as the town, was occupied by the old Volcian population and by a vast
+        number of emancipated slaves of every nationality, many engaged in
+        trade and very rich. These freedmen were fused into one <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“order,”</span> as it was termed, that of the <span lang=
+        "la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">Liberti</span></span>.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The upper town
+        contained the finest houses, and was inhabited by the Roman
+        colonists, by some descendants of the first Phocean settlers, and by
+        such <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page167">[pg 167]</span><a name=
+        "Pg167" id="Pg167" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>of the old Gaulish
+        nobility as had most completely identified themselves with their
+        conquerors. These had retained their estates and had enriched
+        themselves by taking Government contracts.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Such scions of the
+        old Gaulish houses had become fused by marriage and community of
+        interest with the families of the first colonists, and they affected
+        contempt for the pure-blooded old aristocracy who had sunk into
+        poverty and insignificance in their decayed mansions in Lower
+        Nemausus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Of late years,
+        slowly yet surely, the freedmen who had amassed wealth had begun to
+        invade superior Nemausus, had built themselves houses of greater
+        magnificence and maintained an ostentatious splendor that excited the
+        envy and provoked the resentment of the old senatorial and knightly
+        citizens.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The great natural
+        fountain supplied the lower town with water, but was situated at too
+        low a level for the convenience of the gentry of Upper Nemausus, who
+        had therefore conveyed the spring water of Ura from a great distance
+        by tunneling mountains and bridging valleys, and thus had furnished
+        themselves with an unfailing supply of the liquid as necessary to a
+        Roman as was the air he <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page168">[pg
+        168]</span><a name="Pg168" id="Pg168" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>breathed. Thus rendered independent of the
+        natural fountain at the foot of the rocks in Lower Nemausus, those
+        living in the higher town affected the cult of the nymph Ura, and
+        spoke disparagingly of the god of the old town; whereas the inferior
+        part of the city clung tenaciously to the divine Nemausus, whose
+        basin, full of unfailing water, was presented to their very lips and
+        had not to be brought to them from a distance by the engineering
+        skill of men and at a great cost.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Devotion to the
+        god of the fountain in Lower Nemausus was confined entirely to the
+        inhabitants of the old town, and was actually a relic of the old
+        Volcian religion before the advent of the colonists, Greek and Roman.
+        It had maintained itself and its barbarous sacrifice intact,
+        undisturbed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">No victim was
+        exacted from a family of superior Nemausus. The contribution was
+        drawn from among the families of the native nobility, and it was on
+        this account solely that the continuance of the septennial sacrifice
+        had been tolerated.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Already, however,
+        the priesthood was becoming aware that a strong feeling was present
+        that was averse to it. The bulk of the well-to-do population had no
+        traditional reverence for the Gaulish founder-<span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page169">[pg 169]</span><a name="Pg169" id="Pg169"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>god, and many openly spoke of the devotion
+        of a virgin to death as a rite that deserved to be abolished.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From the
+        cordwainer Æmilius had heard of the mutilation of the statue and of
+        the commotion it had caused. This, he conjectured, accounted for the
+        delay of Callipodius. It had interfered with his action; he had been
+        unable to learn what had become of the damsel, and was waiting till
+        he had definite tidings to bring before he returned. Æmilius was
+        indignant at the wanton act of injury done to a beautiful work of art
+        that decorated one of the loveliest natural scenes in the world. But
+        this indignation was rendered acute by personal feeling. The
+        disturbance caused by the rescue of the virgin might easily have been
+        allayed; not so one provoked by such an act of sacrilege as the
+        defacing of the image of the divine founder. This would exasperate
+        passions and vastly enhance the danger to Perpetua and make her
+        escape more difficult.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As Æmilius walked
+        up from the jetty with the bishop, he inquired of him how matters
+        stood with the Christians in the town and received a general answer.
+        This did not satisfy the young lawyer, and, as the color suffused his
+        face, he asked particu<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page170">[pg
+        170]</span><a name="Pg170" id="Pg170" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>larly after Perpetua, daughter of the deceased
+        Harpinius Læto.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bishop turned
+        and fixed his searching eyes on the young man.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Why make you this inquiry?”</span> he asked.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Surely,”</span> answered Æmilius, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I may be allowed to feel interest in one whom I was the
+        means of rescuing from death. In sooth, I am vastly concerned to
+        learn that she is safe. It were indeed untoward if she fell once more
+        into the hands of the priesthood or into those of the populace. The
+        ignorant would grip as hard as the interested.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She is not in the power of either,”</span> answered
+        Castor. <span class="tei tei-q">“But where she is, that God knows,
+        not I. Her mother is distracted, but we trust the maiden has found a
+        refuge among the brethren, and for her security is kept closely
+        concealed. The fewer who know where she is the better will it be,
+        lest torture be employed to extort the secret. The Lady Quincta
+        believes what we have cause to hope and consider probable. This is
+        certain: if she had been discovered and given up to the magistrate
+        the fact would be known at once to all in the place.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To break the image of the god was a wicked <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page171">[pg 171]</span><a name="Pg171" id="Pg171"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>and a wanton act,”</span> said Æmilius
+        irritably. <span class="tei tei-q">“Is such conduct part of your
+        religion?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The act was that of a rash and hot-headed member of our
+        body. It was contrary to my will, done without my knowledge, and
+        opposed to the teaching of our holy fathers, who have ever dissuaded
+        from such acts. But in all bodies of men there are hot-heads and
+        impulsive spirits that will not endure control.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Your own teaching is at fault,”</span> said Æmilius
+        peevishly. <span class="tei tei-q">“You denounce the gods, and yet
+        express regret if one of you put your doctrine in
+        practice.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“If images were ornaments only,”</span> said the bishop,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“then they would be endurable; but when they
+        receive adoration, when libations are poured at their feet, then we
+        forbid our brethren to take part in such homage, for it is idolatry,
+        a giving to wood and stone the worship due to God alone. But we do
+        not approve of insult offered to any man’s religion. No,”</span> said
+        Castor emphatically; <span class="tei tei-q">“Christianity is not
+        another name for brutality, and that is brutality which insults the
+        religious sentiment of the people, who may be ignorant but are
+        sincere.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page172">[pg
+        172]</span><a name="Pg172" id="Pg172" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They had reached
+        the rope-walk. The cordwainer was absent.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Let us take a turn,”</span> said the bishop; and then he
+        halted and smiled and extended his palm to a little child that ran up
+        to him and put its hand within his with innocent confidence.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“This,”</span> said Castor, <span class="tei tei-q">“is
+        the son of the timber merchant.”</span> Then to the boy: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Little man, walk with us, but do not interrupt our talk.
+        Speak only when spoken to.”</span> He again addressed the lawyer:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“My friend, if I may so call thee, thou art
+        vastly distressed at the mutilation of the image. Why so?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Because it is a work of art, and that particular statue
+        was the finest example of the sculpture of a native artist. It was a
+        gift to his native town of the god Marcus Antoninus (the Emperor
+        Antoninus Pius).”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir,”</span> said Castor, <span class="tei tei-q">“you
+        are in the right to be incensed. Now tell me this. If the thought of
+        the destruction of a statue made by man and the gift of a Cæsar rouse
+        indignation in your mind, should you not be more moved to see the
+        destruction of living men, as in the shows of the arena—the slaughter
+        of men, the work of God’s hands?”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page173">[pg 173]</span><a name="Pg173" id="Pg173" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is for our entertainment,”</span> said Æmilius, yet
+        with hesitation in his voice.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Does that condone the act of the mutilator of the image,
+        that he did it out of sport, to amuse a few atheists and the vulgar?
+        See you how from his mother’s womb the child has been nurtured, how
+        his limbs have grown in suppleness and grace and strength; how his
+        intelligence has developed, how his faculties have expanded. Who made
+        the babe that has become a man? Who protected him from infancy? Who
+        builds up this little tenement of an immortal and bright
+        spirit?”</span> He led forward and indicated the child of Flavillus.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Was it not God? And for a holiday pastime
+        you send men into the arena to be lacerated by wild beasts or
+        butchered by gladiators! Do you not suppose that God, the maker of
+        man, must be incensed at this wanton destruction of His fairest
+        creation?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What you say applies to the tree we fell, to the ox and
+        the sheep we slaughter.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Not so,”</span> answered the bishop. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The tree is essential to man. Without it he cannot build
+        himself a house nor construct a ship. The use of the tree is
+        essential to his progress from barbarism. Nay, even in barbarism he
+        requires it to serve him <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page174">[pg
+        174]</span><a name="Pg174" id="Pg174" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>as
+        fuel, and to employ timber demands the fall of the tree. As to the
+        beast, man is so constituted by his Creator that he needs animal
+        food. Therefore is he justified in slaying beasts for his
+        nourishment.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“According to your teaching death sentences are
+        condemned, as also are wars.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Not so. The criminal may forfeit his right to a life
+        which he is given to enjoy upon condition that he conduce to the
+        welfare of his fellows. If, instead thereof, he be a scourge to
+        mankind, he loses his rights. As to the matter of war: we must guard
+        the civilization we have built up by centuries of hard labor and
+        study after improvement. We must protect our frontiers against the
+        incursions of the barbarians. Unless they be rolled back, they will
+        overwhelm us. Self-preservation is an instinct lodged in every
+        breast, justifying man in defending his life and his
+        acquisitions.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Your philosophy is humane.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is not a philosophy. It is a revelation.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“In what consists the difference?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“A philosophy is a groping upwards. A revelation is a
+        light falling from above. A philosophy is reached only after the
+        intellect is ripe and experi<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page175">[pg
+        175]</span><a name="Pg175" id="Pg175" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>enced, attained to when man’s mind is fully
+        developed. A revelation comes to the child as his mind and conscience
+        are opening and shows him his way. Here, little one! stand on that
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">cippus</span></span> and answer me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Castor took the
+        child in his arms and lifted him to a marble pedestal.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Little child,”</span> said he, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“answer me a few simple questions. Who made
+        you?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“God,”</span> answered the boy readily.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And why did He make you?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To love and serve Him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And how can you serve Him?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“By loving all men.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What did the Great Master say was the law by which we
+        are to direct our lives?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“ <span class="tei tei-q">‘He that loveth God, let him
+        love his brother also.’</span> ”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Little child, what is after death?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Eternity.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And in eternity where will men be?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Those that have done good shall be called to life
+        everlasting, and those that have done evil will be cast forth into
+        darkness, where is weeping and gnashing of
+        teeth.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page176">[pg
+        176]</span><a name="Pg176" id="Pg176" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bishop took
+        the child from the pedestal, and set him again on the ground.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then, with a smile
+        on his face, he said to Æmilius, <span class="tei tei-q">“Do we
+        desire to know our way <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">after</span></span> we have erred or
+        <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">before</span></span> we start? What was hidden
+        from the wise and prudent is revealed unto babes. Where philosophy
+        ends, there our religion begins.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page177">[pg 177]</span><a name="Pg177"
+        id="Pg177" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc33" id=
+        "toc33"></a><a name="pdf34" id="pdf34"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XVI</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius paced the
+        rope-walk in deep thought. He did not speak during several turns, and
+        the bishop respected his meditation and kept silence as well.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Presently the
+        young man burst forth with: <span class="tei tei-q">“This is fairly
+        put, plausible and attractive doctrine. But what we lawyers demand is
+        evidence. When was the revelation made? In the reign of the god
+        Tiberius? That was two centuries ago. What proof is there that this
+        be not a cleverly elaborated philosophy—as you say, a groping
+        upwards—pretending to be, and showing off itself as, a lightening
+        downwards?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The evidence is manifold,”</span> answered Castor.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“In the first place, the sayings and the acts
+        of the Divine Revealer were recorded by evangelists who lived at the
+        time, knew Him, heard Him, or were with those who had daily companied
+        with Him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Of what value is such evidence when we cannot put the
+        men who gave it in the witness-box and <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page178">[pg 178]</span><a name="Pg178" id="Pg178" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>cross-question them? I do not say that their
+        evidence is naught, but that it is disputable.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is other evidence, ever-living,
+        ever-present.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What is that?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Your own reason and conscience. You, Æmilius Lentulus,
+        have these witnesses in yourself. He who made you seated a conscience
+        in your soul to show you that there is such a thing as a law of right
+        and wrong, though, as far as you know, unwritten. Directly I spoke to
+        you of the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">sin</span></span> of murdering men to make
+        pastime, your color changed; you <span class=
+        "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">knew</span></span> that
+        I was right. Your conscience assented to my words.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I allow that.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My friend, let me go further. When your mind is not
+        obscured by passion or warped by prejudice, then you perceive that
+        there is a sphere of holiness, of virtue, of purity, to which men
+        have not yet attained, and which, for all you see, is unattainable
+        situated as you are, but one into which, if man could mount, then he
+        would be something nobler than even the poets have conceived. You
+        have flashes of summer lightning in your dark sky. You reject the
+        monstrous fables of the gods as inconsistent with <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page179">[pg 179]</span><a name="Pg179" id="Pg179"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>what your reason and conscience tell you
+        comport with divinity. Has any of your gods manifested himself and
+        left such a record of his appearance as is fairly certain? If he
+        appeared, or was fabled to have appeared, did he tell men anything
+        about the nature of God, His will, and the destiny of man? A
+        revelation must be in agreement with the highest aspirations of man.
+        It must be such as will regulate his life, and conduce to his
+        perfection and the advantage of the community. It must be such as
+        will supply him with a motive for rejecting what is base, but
+        pleasing to his coarse nature, and striving after that which is
+        according to the luminous ideal that floats before him. Now the
+        Christian revelation answers these conditions, and is therefore
+        probably true. It supplies man with a reason why he should contend
+        against all that is gross in his nature; should be gentle, courteous,
+        kindly, merciful, pure. It does more. It assures him that the Creator
+        made man in order that he might strive after this ideal, and in so
+        doing attain to serenity and happiness. No other religion that I know
+        of makes such claims; no other professes to have been revealed to man
+        as the law of his being by Him who made man. No other is so
+        completely in accordance on the one hand <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page180">[pg 180]</span><a name="Pg180" id="Pg180" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>with what we conceive is in agreement with the
+        nature of God, and on the other so completely accords with our
+        highest aspirations.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I can say nothing to that. I do not know it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yes, you do know it. The babe declared it; gave you the
+        marrow and kernel of the gospel: Love God and man.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To fear God is what I can understand; but to love Him is
+        more than I can compass.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Because you do not know God.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not, indeed.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“God is love.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“A charming sentiment; a rhetorical flourish. What
+        evidence can you adduce that God is love?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Creation.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The earth is full of suffering; violence prevails; wrong
+        overmasters right. There is more of misery than of happiness, saving
+        only to the rich and noble; they are at any rate supposed to be
+        exempt, but, by Hercules, they seem to me to be sick of pleasure, and
+        every delight gluts and leaves a bad taste in the mouth.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is true; but why is there all this wretchedness?
+        Because the world is trying to get along without God. Look!”</span>
+        The bishop stooped and took <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page181">[pg
+        181]</span><a name="Pg181" id="Pg181" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>up a
+        green-backed beetle. <span class="tei tei-q">“If I cast this insect
+        into the water it will suffer and die. If I fling it into the fire it
+        will writhe and perish in agony. Neither water nor fire is the
+        element for which it was created—in which to exist and be happy. The
+        divine law is the atmosphere in which man is made to live. Because
+        there is deflection from that, and man seeks other ends than that for
+        which he was made, therefore comes wretchedness. The law of God is
+        the law man must know, and knowing, pursue to be perfectly happy and
+        to become a perfect being.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Now I have you!”</span> exclaimed Æmilius, with a laugh.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“There are no men more wretched than
+        Christians who possess, and, I presume, keep this law. They abstain
+        from our merry-makings, from the spectacles; they are liable to
+        torture and to death.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We abstain from nothing that is wholesome and partaken
+        in moderation; but from drunkenness, surfeiting, and what is
+        repugnant to the clean mind. As to the persecution we suffer, the
+        powers of evil rebel against God, and stir up bad men to resist the
+        truth. But let me say something further—if I do not weary
+        you.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page182">[pg
+        182]</span><a name="Pg182" id="Pg182" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Not at all; you astonish me too much to weary
+        me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are dropped suddenly—cast up by the sea on a strange
+        shore. You find yourself where you have never been before. You know
+        not where to go—how to conduct yourself among the natives; what
+        fruits you may eat as wholesome, and must reject as poisonous. You do
+        not know what course to pursue to reach your home, and fear at every
+        step to get further from it. You cry out for a chart to show you
+        where you are, and in what direction you should direct your steps.
+        Every child born into this world is in a like predicament. It wants a
+        chart, and to know its bearings. This is not the case with any
+        animal. Every bird, fish, beast, knows what to do to fulfill the
+        objects of its existence. Man alone does not. He has aspirations,
+        glimmerings, a law of nature traced, but not filled in. He has lived
+        by that natural law—you live under it, and you experience its
+        inadequacy. That is why your conscience, all mankind, with
+        inarticulate longing desires something further. Now I ask you, as I
+        did once before, is it conceivable that the Creator of man, who put
+        in man’s heart that aspiration, that longing to know the law of his
+        being, without which <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page183">[pg
+        183]</span><a name="Pg183" id="Pg183" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>his
+        life is but a miserable shipwreck—is it conceivable that He should
+        withhold from him the chart by which he can find his way?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You have given me food for thought. Yet, my doubts still
+        remain.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot give you faith. That lightens down from above.
+        It is the gift of God. Follow the law of your conscience and He may
+        grant it you. I cannot say when or how, and what means he may
+        employ—but if you are sincere and not a trifler with the truth—He
+        will not deny it you. But see—here comes some one who desires to
+        speak with you.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius looked in
+        the direction indicated, and saw Callipodius coming up from the
+        water-side, waving his hand to him. So engrossed had he been in
+        conversation with Castor, that he had not observed the arrival of a
+        boat at the landing-place.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At once the young
+        lawyer sped to meet his client, manifesting the utmost
+        impatience.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What tidings—what news?”</span> was his breathless
+        question.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“As good as may be,”</span> answered Callipodius.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“The gods work to fulfill thy desire. It is
+        as if thou wert a constraining destiny, or as though it were a
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page184">[pg 184]</span><a name="Pg184"
+        id="Pg184" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>pleasure to them to satisfy the
+        wishes of their favorite.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I pray, lay aside this flattery, and speak plain
+        words.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Resplendent genius that thou art! thou needest no
+        flattery any more than the sun requires burnishing.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Let me entreat—the news!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“In two words——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Confine thyself to two words.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She is safe.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Where? How?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Now must I relax my tongue. In two words I cannot
+        satisfy thy eagerness.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then, Body of Bacchus! go on in thine own
+        fashion.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The account may be crushed into narrow compass. When I
+        left your radiant presence, then I betook myself to the town and
+        found the place in turmoil—the statue of the god had been broken, and
+        the deity was braying like a washerwoman’s jackass. The populace was
+        roused and incensed by the outrage, and frightened by the voice of
+        the god. All had quieted down previously, but this worked up the
+        people to a condition of frantic rage and panic. <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page185">[pg 185]</span><a name="Pg185" id="Pg185"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>I hurried about in quest of the Lady
+        Perpetua; and as I learned that she had been conveyed from the pool
+        by Baudillas Macer, I went into the part of the town where he lives;
+        noble once, now slums. Then, lo! thy genius attending and befriending
+        me, whom should I stumble against but a fellow named Tarsius, a slave
+        of a wool merchant to whom I owe moneys, which I haven’t yet paid. I
+        knew the fellow from a gash he had received at one time across nose
+        and cheek. He was drunk and angry because he had been expelled the
+        Christian society which was holding its orgies. I warrant thee I
+        frightened the poor wretch with promises of the little horse, the
+        panthers, and the cross, till he became pliant and obliging. Then I
+        wormed out of him all I required, and made him my tool to obtain
+        possession of the pretty maid. I learned from him that the Lady
+        Quincta and her daughter were at the house of Baudillas, afraid to
+        return home because their door was observed by some of the Cultores
+        Nemausi. Then I suborned the rascal to act a part for me. From thy
+        house I dispatched two litters and carriers, and sent that tippling
+        rogue with them to the dwelling of Macer, to say that he was
+        commissioned by his master, Litomarus, to conduct them to his country
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page186">[pg 186]</span><a name="Pg186"
+        id="Pg186" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>house for their security. They
+        walked into the snare like fieldfare after juniper berries. Then the
+        porters conveyed the girl to thy house.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To my house!”</span> Æmilius started.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Next, she was hurried off as soon as ever the gates were
+        opened, to your villa at Ad Fines.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And she is there now, with her mother?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“With her mother! I know better than to do that. I bade
+        the porters convey the old lady in her palanquin to the goose and
+        truffle market and deposit her there. No need to be encumbered with
+        her.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The Lady Quincta not with her daughter?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You were not desirous for further acquaintance with the
+        venerable widow, I presume.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But,”</span> said Æmilius, <span class="tei tei-q">“this
+        is a grave matter. You have offered, as from me, an insult most
+        wounding to a young lady, and to a respectable matron.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Generous man! how was it possible for me to understand
+        the niceties that trouble your perspicuous mind? But be at ease.
+        Serious sickness demands strong medicines. Great dangers excuse bold
+        measures. The priestess has demanded the restoration of the virgin.
+        The <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamen Augustalis</span></span>
+        is backing her up. So are all the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">Seviri</span></span>. The religious
+        cor<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page187">[pg 187]</span><a name=
+        "Pg187" id="Pg187" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>poration feel touched
+        in their credit and insist on the restitution. They will heap on
+        fuel, and keep Nemausus in a boil. By no possibility could the damsel
+        have remained hidden in the town. I saw that it was imperiously
+        necessary for me to remove her. I could think of no other place into
+        which to put her than Ad Fines. I managed the matter in admirable
+        fashion; though it is I who say it. But really, by Jupiter
+        Capitolinus, I believe that your genius attended me, and assisted in
+        the execution of the design, which was carried out without a
+        hitch.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius knitted
+        his arms behind his back, and took short turns, in great perturbation
+        of mind.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“By Hercules!”</span> said he, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“you have committed an actionable offense.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Of course, you look on it from a legal point of
+        view,”</span> said Callipodius, a little nettled. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I tell you it was a matter of life or death.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not complain of your having conveyed the young lady
+        to Ad Fines, but of your not having taken her mother there along with
+        her. You have put me in a very awkward predicament.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“How was I to judge that the old woman was to be deported
+        as well?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You might have judged that I would cut off my
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page188">[pg 188]</span><a name="Pg188"
+        id="Pg188" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>right hand rather than do aught
+        that might cause people to speak lightly of Perpetua.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The client
+        shrugged his shoulders. <span class="tei tei-q">“You seem to breed
+        new scruples.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I thank you,”</span> said Æmilius, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“that you have shown so good a will, and have been so
+        successful in your enterprise. I am, perhaps, over hasty and
+        exacting. I desired you to do a thing more perfectly than perhaps you
+        were able to perform it. Leave me now. I must clear my mind and
+        discover what is now to be done.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is no pleasing some folk,”</span> said Callipodius
+        moodily.</p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page189">[pg 189]</span><a name="Pg189"
+        id="Pg189" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc35" id=
+        "toc35"></a><a name="pdf36" id="pdf36"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XVII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">PEDO</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas had been
+        lowered into the pit of the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">robur</span></span>,
+        and he sank in the slime half-way up his calves. He waded with
+        extended arms, groping for something to which to cling. He knew not
+        whether the bottom were even, or fell into deep holes, into which he
+        might stumble. He knew not whether he were in a narrow well or in a
+        spacious chamber.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cautiously, in
+        obscurity, he groped, uncertain even whether he went straight or was
+        describing a curve. But presently he touched the wall and immediately
+        discovered a bench, and seated himself thereon. Then he drew up his
+        feet out of the mire, and cast himself in a reclining position on the
+        stone seat.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He looked up, but
+        could not distinguish the opening by which he had been let down into
+        the horrible cess-pit. He was unable to judge to what depth he had
+        been lowered, nor could he estimate the extent of the dungeon in
+        which he was confined.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page190">[pg
+        190]</span><a name="Pg190" id="Pg190" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bench on which
+        he reposed was slimy, the walls trickled with moisture, were
+        unctuous, and draped with a fungous growth in long folds. The whole
+        place was foul and cold.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">How long would his
+        confinement last? Would food, pure water be lowered to him? Or was he
+        condemned to waste away in this pit, from starvation, or in the
+        delirium of famine to roll off from his shelf and smother in the
+        mire?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After a while his
+        eyes became accustomed to the dark and sensitive to the smallest
+        gradations in it; and then he became aware of a feeble glowworm light
+        over the surface of the ooze at one point. Was it that some fungoid
+        growth there was phosphorescent? Or was it that a ray of daylight
+        penetrated there by some tortuous course?</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After long
+        consideration it seemed to him probable that the light he
+        distinguished might enter by a series of reflections through the
+        outfall. He thought of examining the opening, but to do so he would
+        be constrained to wade. He postponed the exploration till later. Of
+        one thing he was confident, that although a little sickly light might
+        be able to struggle into this horrible dungeon, yet no means of
+        egress for the person would be left. Precautions <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page191">[pg 191]</span><a name="Pg191" id="Pg191"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>against escape by this means would
+        certainly have been taken.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The time passed
+        heavily. At times Baudillas sank into a condition of stupor, then was
+        roused to thought again, again to lapse into a comatose condition.
+        His cut lip was sore, his bruises ached. He had passed his tongue
+        over his broken teeth till they had fretted his tongue raw.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The feeble light
+        at the surface became fainter, and this was finally extinguished. The
+        day was certainly at an end. The sun had set in the west, an auroral
+        glow hung over the place of its decline. Stars were beginning to
+        twinkle; the syringa was pouring forth its fragrance, the flowering
+        thorns their too heavy odor. Dew was falling gently and cool.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon raised
+        his heart to God, and from this terrible pit his prayer mounted to
+        heaven; a prayer not for deliverance from death, but for grace to
+        endure the last trial, and if again put to the test, to withstand
+        temptation. Then he recited the evening prayer of the Church, in
+        Greek: <span class="tei tei-q">“O God, who art without beginning and
+        without end, the Maker of the world by Thy Christ, and the sustainer
+        thereof, God and Father, Lord of the spirit, King of all <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page192">[pg 192]</span><a name="Pg192" id="Pg192"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>things that have reason and life! Thou who
+        hast made the day for the works of light, and the night for the
+        refreshment of our infirmity, for the day is Thine, the night is
+        Thine: Thou hast prepared the light and the sun—do Thou now, O Lord,
+        lover of mankind, fountain of all good, mercifully accept this our
+        evening thanksgiving. Thou who hast brought us through the length of
+        the day, and hast conducted us to the threshold of night, preserve us
+        by Thy Christ, afford us a peaceful evening, and a sinless night, and
+        in the end everlasting life by Thy Christ, through whom be glory,
+        honor and worship in the Holy Spirit, for ever, amen.”</span><a id=
+        "noteref_8" name="noteref_8" href="#note_8"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">8</span></span></a> After
+        this prayer Baudillas had been wont in the church to say,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Depart in peace!”</span> and to dismiss the
+        faithful. Now he said, <span class="tei tei-q">“Into Thy hands I
+        commend my spirit.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Out of that fetid
+        abyss and its horrible darkness rose the prayer to God, winged with
+        faith, inspired by fervor sweet with humility, higher than the
+        soaring lark, higher than the faint cloud that caught the last rays
+        of the set sun, higher than the remotest star.</p><span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page193">[pg 193]</span><a name="Pg193" id="Pg193"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Presently a
+        confused sound from above reached the prisoner, and a spot of orange
+        light fell on the water below. Then came a voice ringing hollow down
+        the depth, and echoed by the walls, <span class="tei tei-q">“Thy
+        food!”</span> A slender rope was sent down, to which was attached a
+        basket that contained bread and a pitcher of water. Baudillas stepped
+        into the ooze and took the loaf and the water vessel.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the jailer
+        called again: <span class="tei tei-q">“To-morrow morning—if more be
+        needed—I will bring a second supply. Send up the empty jar when I
+        lower that which is full, if thou art in a condition to require
+        it.”</span> He laughed, and the laugh resounded as a bellow in the
+        vaulted chamber.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Few were the words
+        spoken, and they ungracious. Yet was the deacon sensible of pleasure
+        at hearing even a jailer’s voice breaking the dreadful silence. He
+        waded back to his ledge, ate the dry bread and drank some of the
+        water. Then he laid himself down again. Again the door clashed,
+        sending thunders below, and once more he was alone.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As his hand
+        traveled along the wall it encountered a hard round knot. He drew his
+        hand away precipitately, but then, moved by curiosity, groped for it
+        again. Then he discovered that this seeming ex<span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page194">[pg 194]</span><a name="Pg194" id="Pg194"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>crescence was a huge snail, there
+        hibernating. He dislodged it, threw it from him and it plashed into
+        the mire.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Time dragged. Not
+        a sound could be heard save the monotonous drip of some leak above.
+        Baudillas counted the falling drops, then wearied of counting, and
+        abandoned the self-imposed task.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now he heard a
+        far-away rushing sound, then came a blast of hot vapor blowing in his
+        face. He started into a sitting posture, and clung to his bench. In
+        another moment he heard the roar of water that plunged from above;
+        and a hot steam enveloped him. What was the signification of this?
+        Was the pit to be flooded with scalding water and he drowned in it?
+        In a moment he had found the explanation. The water was being let off
+        from the public baths. There would be no more bathers this night. The
+        tide of tepid water rose nearly level with the ledge on which he was
+        crouching, and then ebbed away and rolled forth at the vent through
+        which by day a pale halo had entered.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Half suffocated,
+        part stupefied by the warm vapor, Baudillas sank into a condition
+        without thought, his eyes looking into the blackness above, his ears
+        hearing without noting the dribble from the drain <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page195">[pg 195]</span><a name="Pg195" id="Pg195"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>through which the flood had spurted.
+        Presently he was roused by a sense of irritation in every nerve, and
+        putting his hand to his face plucked away some hundred-legged
+        creature, clammy and yet hard, that was creeping over him. It was
+        some time before his tingling nerves recovered. Then gradually torpor
+        stole over him, and he was perhaps unconscious for a couple of hours,
+        when again he was roused by a sharp pain in his finger, and starting,
+        he heard a splash, a rush and squeals. At once he knew that a swarm
+        of rats had invaded the place. He had been bitten by one; his start
+        had disconcerted the creatures momentarily, and they had scampered
+        away.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas remained
+        motionless, save that he trembled; he was sick at heart. In this
+        awful prison he dared not sleep, lest he should be devoured
+        alive.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Was this to be his
+        end—to be kept awake by horror of the small foes till he could endure
+        the tension no longer, and then sink down in dead weariness and blank
+        indifference on his bench, and at once be assailed from all sides, to
+        feel the teeth, perhaps to attempt an ineffectual battle, then to be
+        overcome and to be picked to his bones?</p><span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page196">[pg 196]</span><a name="Pg196" id="Pg196" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As he sat still,
+        hardly breathing, he felt the rats again. They were rallying, some
+        swimming, some swarming up on to the shelf. They rushed at him with
+        the audacity given by hunger, with the confidence of experience, and
+        the knowledge of their power when attacking in numbers.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He cried out, beat
+        with his hands, kicked out with his feet, swept his assailants off
+        him by the score; yet such as could clung to his garment by their
+        teeth and, not discomfited, quickly returned. To escape them he
+        leaped into the mire; he plunged this way, then that; he returned to
+        the wall; he attempted to scramble up it beyond their reach, but in
+        vain.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Wherever he went,
+        they swam after him. He was unarmed, he could kill none of his
+        assailants; if he could but decimate the horde it would be something.
+        Then he remembered the pitcher and felt for that. By this time he had
+        lost his bearings wholly. He knew not where he had left the vessel.
+        But by creeping round the circumference of his prison, he must
+        eventually reach the spot where he had previously been seated, and
+        with the earthenware vessel he would defend himself as long as he was
+        able.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page197">[pg
+        197]</span><a name="Pg197" id="Pg197" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Whilst thus
+        wading, he was aware of a cold draught blowing in his face, and he
+        knew that he had reached the opening of the sewer that served as
+        outfall. He stooped and touched stout iron bars forming part of a
+        grating. He tested them, and assured himself that they were so thick
+        set that it was not possible for him to thrust even his head between
+        them.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">All at once the
+        rats ceased to molest him. They had retreated, whither he could not
+        guess, and he knew as little why. Possibly, they were shrewd enough
+        to know that they had but to exercise patience, and he must
+        inevitably fall a prey to their teeth.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Almost
+        immediately, however, he was aware of a little glow, like that of a
+        spark, and of a sound of splashing. He was too frightened, too giddy,
+        to collect his thoughts, so as to discover whence the light
+        proceeded, and what produced the noise.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Clinging to the
+        grating, Baudillas gazed stupidly at the light, that grew in
+        brightness, and presently irradiated a face. This he saw, but he was
+        uncertain whether he actually did see, or whether he were a prey to
+        an illusion.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the light
+        flashed over him, and his eyes after <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page198">[pg 198]</span><a name="Pg198" id="Pg198" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>a moment recognized the face of his old slave,
+        Pedo. A hand on the further side grasped one of the stanchions, and
+        the deacon heard the question, <span class="tei tei-q">“Master, are
+        you safe?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, Pedo, how have you come into this place?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Hush, master. Speak only in a whisper. I have waded up
+        the sewer (<span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">cloaca</span></span>), and have
+        brought with me two stout files. Take this one, and work at the bar
+        on thy side. I will rasp on the other. In time we shall cut through
+        the iron, and then thou wilt be able to escape. When I heard whither
+        thou hadst been cast, then I saw my way to making an effort to save
+        thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Pedo! I will give thee thy liberty!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Master! it is I who must first manumit thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the slave
+        began to file, and as he filed he muttered, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What is liberty to me? At one time, indeed! Ah, at one
+        time, when I was young, and so was Blanda! But now I am old and lame.
+        I am well treated by a good master. Well, well! Sir! work at the bar
+        where I indicate with my finger. That is a transversal stanchion and
+        sustains the others.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Hope of life
+        returned. The heart of Baudillas <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page199">[pg 199]</span><a name="Pg199" id="Pg199" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>was no longer chilled with fear and his brain
+        stunned with despair. He worked hard, animated by eagerness to
+        escape. There was a spring of energy in the little flame of the lamp,
+        an inspiring force in the presence of his slave. The bar was thick,
+        but happily the moisture of the place and the sour exhalations had
+        corroded it, so that thick flakes of rust fell off under the
+        tool.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yesterday, nothing could have been done for you,
+        sir,”</span> said Pedo, <span class="tei tei-q">“for the inundation
+        was so extensive that the sewer was closed with water that had risen
+        a foot above the opening into the river. But, thanks be to God, the
+        flood has fallen. Those who know the sky declare that we shall have a
+        blast of the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">circius</span></span> (the
+        mistral) on us suddenly, and bitter weather. The early heat has
+        dissolved the snows over-rapidly and sent the water inundating all
+        the low land. Now with cold, the snows will not melt.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Pedo,”</span> said the deacon, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“hadst thou not come, the rats would have devoured me.
+        They hunted me as a pack of wolves pursue a deer in the
+        Cebennæ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I heard them, master, as I came up the sewer. There are
+        legions of them. But they fear the light, <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page200">[pg 200]</span><a name="Pg200" id="Pg200" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>and as long as the lamp burns will keep their
+        distance.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Pedo,”</span> whispered Baudillas again, after a pause,
+        whilst both worked at the bar. <span class="tei tei-q">“I know not
+        how it was that when I stood before the duumvir, I did not betray my
+        Heavenly Master. I was so frightened. I was as in a dream. They may
+        have thought me firm, but I was in reality very weak. Another moment,
+        or one more turn of the rack and I would have fallen.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Master! God’s strength is made perfect in
+        weakness.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yes, it is so. I myself am a poor nothing. Oh, that I
+        had the manhood of Marcianus!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Press against the bar, master. With a little force it
+        will yield.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pedo removed the
+        lamp that he had suspended by a hook from the crossbar. Baudillas
+        threw himself with his full weight against the grating, and the
+        stanchion did actually snap under the impact, at the place where
+        filed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is well,”</span> said the slave. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Thy side of the bar is also nearly rasped through. Then
+        we must saw across this upright staff of iron. To my thinking it is
+        not fastened below.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page201">[pg 201]</span><a name="Pg201" id="Pg201" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is not. I have thrust my foot between it and the
+        paving. Methinks it ends in a spike and barbs.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“If it please God that we remove the grating, then thou
+        must follow me, bending low.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Is the distance great?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sixty-four paces of thine; of mine, more, as I do but
+        hobble.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Hah! this is ill-luck.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">With the energy of
+        filing, and owing to the loosened condition of the bar, the lamp had
+        been displaced, and it fell from where it had been suspended and was
+        extinguished in the water.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Both were now
+        plunged in darkness as of Erebus, and were moreover exposed to danger
+        from the rats. But perhaps the grating of the files, or the whispers
+        of the one man to the other, alarmed the suspicious beasts, and they
+        did not venture to approach.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Press, master! I will pull,”</span> said the slave. His
+        voice quivered with excitement.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas applied
+        his shoulder to the grating, and Pedo jerked at it sharply.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">With a crack it
+        yielded; with a plash it fell into the water.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Quick, my master—lay hold of my belt and <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page202">[pg 202]</span><a name="Pg202" id="Pg202"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>follow. Bow your head low or you will
+        strike the roof. We must get forth as speedily as may be.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Pedo! the jailer said that if alive I was to give a sign
+        on the morrow. He believes that during the night I will be devoured
+        by rats, as doubtless have been others.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Those executed in the prison are cast down
+        there.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Perhaps,”</span> said Baudillas, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“if he meet with no response in the morning he will
+        conclude that I am dead, and I do not think he will care to descend
+        and discover whether it be so.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After a short
+        course through the arched passage, both stood upright; they were to
+        their breasts in water, but the water was fresh and pure. Above their
+        heads was the vault of heaven, not now spangled with stars but
+        crossed by scudding drifts of vapor.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Both men scrambled
+        out of the river to the bank, and then Baudillas extended his arms,
+        and said, with face turned to the sky:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I waited patiently for the Lord, and He inclined unto
+        me, and heard my calling. He hath brought me also out of the horrible
+        pit, out of the mire and clay, and hath set my feet upon the rock.
+        And He <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page203">[pg 203]</span><a name=
+        "Pg203" id="Pg203" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>hath put a new song in
+        my mouth, even a thanksgiving unto our God.”</span><a id="noteref_9"
+        name="noteref_9" href="#note_9"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">9</span></span></a></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page204">[pg 204]</span><a name="Pg204"
+        id="Pg204" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc37" id=
+        "toc37"></a><a name="pdf38" id="pdf38"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XVIII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">IN THE CITRON-HOUSE</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua, at Ad
+        Fines, was a prey to unrest. She was in alarm for the safety of her
+        mother, and she was disconcerted at having been smuggled off to the
+        house of a man who was a stranger, though to him she owed her
+        life.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The villa was in a
+        lovely situation, with a wide outstretch of landscape before it to
+        the Rhône, and beyond to the blue and cloudlike spurs of the Alps;
+        and the garden was in the freshness of its first spring beauty. But
+        she was in too great trouble to concern herself about scenery and
+        flowers. Her thoughts turned incessantly to her mother. In the
+        embarrassing situation in which she was—and one that was liable to
+        become far more embarrassing—she needed the support and counsel of
+        her mother.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Far rather would
+        she have been in prison at Nemausus, awaiting a hearing before the
+        magistrate, and perhaps condemnation to death, than be as at present
+        in a charming country house, attended by obsequious servants,
+        provided with every comfort, <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page205">[pg 205]</span><a name="Pg205" id="Pg205" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>yet ignorant why she had been brought there, and
+        what the trials were to which she would be subjected.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The weather had
+        changed with a suddenness not infrequent in the province. The warm
+        days were succeeded by some of raging wind and icy rains. In fact,
+        the mistral had begun to blow. As the heated air rose from the stony
+        plains, its place was supplied by that which was cold from the snowy
+        surfaces of the Alps, and the downrush was like that to which we
+        nowadays give the term of blizzard. So violent is the blast on these
+        occasions that the tillers of the soil have to hedge round their
+        fields with funereal cypresses, to form a living screen against a
+        wind that was said, or fabled, to have blown the cow out of one
+        pasture into that of another farmer, but which, without fable, was
+        known to upset ricks and carry away the roofs of houses.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To a cloudless
+        sky, traversed by a sun of almost summer brilliancy, succeeded a
+        heaven dark, iron-gray, with whirling vapors that had no contour, and
+        which hung low, trailing their dripping skirts over the shivering
+        landscape.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Trees clashed
+        their boughs. The wood behind the villa roared like a cataract. In
+        the split ledges and prongs of limestone, among the box-bushes and
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page206">[pg 206]</span><a name="Pg206"
+        id="Pg206" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>junipers, the wind hissed and
+        screamed. Birds fled for refuge to the eaves of houses or to holes in
+        the cliffs. Cattle were brought under shelter. Sheep crouched dense
+        packed on the lee side of a stone wall. The very ponds and lagoons
+        were whipped and their surfaces flayed by the blast. Stones were
+        dislodged on the mountain slopes, and flung down; pebbles rolled
+        along the plains, as though lashed forward by whips. The penetrating
+        cold necessitated the closing of every shutter, and the heating of
+        the hypocaust under the house. In towns, in the houses of the better
+        classes, the windows were glazed with thin flakes of mica
+        (<span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">lapis specularis</span></span>), a transparent
+        stone brought from Spain and Cappadocia, but in the country this
+        costly luxury was dispensed with, as the villas were occupied only in
+        the heat of summer, when there was no need to exclude the air. The
+        window openings were closed with shutters. Rooms were not warmed by
+        fireplaces, with wood fires on hearths, but by an arrangement beneath
+        the mosaic and cement floor, where a furnace was kindled, and the
+        smoke and heated air were carried by numerous pipes up the walls on
+        all sides, thus producing a summer heat within when all was winter
+        without.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the fever of
+        her mind, Perpetua neither felt <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page207">[pg 207]</span><a name="Pg207" id="Pg207" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>the asperity of the weather nor noticed the
+        comfort of the heated rooms. She was incessantly restless, was ever
+        running to the window or the door, as often to be disappointed, in
+        anticipation of meeting her mother. She was perplexed as to the
+        purpose for which she had been conveyed to Ad Fines. The slave woman,
+        Blanda, who attended her, was unable or unwilling to give her
+        information. All she pretended to know was that orders had been
+        issued by Callipodius, friend and client of Æmilius Lentulus, her
+        master, that the young lady was to be made comfortable, was to be
+        supplied with whatever she required, and was on no account to be
+        suffered to leave the grounds. The family was strictly enjoined not
+        to mention to any one her presence in the villa, under pain of severe
+        chastisement.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Blanda was kind
+        and considerate, and had less of the fawning dog in her manner than
+        was customary among slaves. It was never possible, even for masters,
+        to trust the word of their servants; consequently Perpetua, who knew
+        what slaves were, placed little reliance on the asseverations of
+        ignorance that fell from the lips of Blanda. There was, in the
+        conversation of Blanda, that which the woman intended to reassure,
+        but which actually heightened <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page208">[pg 208]</span><a name="Pg208" id="Pg208" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>the uneasiness of the girl—this was the way in
+        which the woman harped continually on the good looks, amiability and
+        wealth of her master, who, as she insisted, belonged to the Voltinian
+        tribe, and was therefore one of the best connected and highest placed
+        in the colony.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The knowledge that
+        she had been removed to Ad Fines to insure her safety did not satisfy
+        Perpetua; and she was by no means assured that she had thus been
+        carried off with the approbation and knowledge of her mother, or of
+        the bishop and principal Christians of her acquaintance in Nemausus.
+        Of Æmilius Varo she really knew nothing save that he was a man of
+        pleasure and a lawyer.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Adjoining the
+        house was a conservatory. Citron trees and oleanders in large
+        green-painted boxes were employed in summer to decorate the terrace
+        and gardens. They were allowed to be out in mild winters, but
+        directly the mistral began to howl, the men-servants of the house had
+        hurriedly conveyed them within doors into the conservatory, as the
+        gale would strip them of their fruit, bruise the leaves and injure
+        the flowers.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In her trouble of
+        mind, unable to go abroad in the bitter weather, impatient of quiet,
+        Perpetua <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page209">[pg
+        209]</span><a name="Pg209" id="Pg209" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>entered the citron-house and walked among the
+        trees in their green tubs, now praying for help, then wiping the
+        drops from her eyes and brow.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As she thus paced,
+        she heard a stir in the house, the opening of doors, the rush of wind
+        driving through it, the banging of valves and rattle of shutters.
+        Then she heard voices, and among them one that was imperious. A
+        moment later, Blanda ran to Perpetua, and after making a low
+        obeisance said: <span class="tei tei-q">“The master is come. He
+        desires permission to speak with you, lady, when he hath had his bath
+        and hath assumed a change of raiment. For by the mother goddesses, no
+        one can be many moments without and not be drenched to the bone. And
+        this exhibits the master’s regard for thee, lady; his extreme
+        devotion to your person and regard for your comfort, that he has
+        exposed himself to cold and rain and wind so as to come hither to
+        inquire if you are well, and if there be aught you desire that he can
+        perform to content you.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">What was Perpetua
+        to do? She plucked some citron blossoms in her nervous agitation,
+        unknowing what she did, then answered timidly: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am in the house of the noble Æmilius. Let him speak
+        with me here when it suits his convenience. Yet stay, <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page210">[pg 210]</span><a name="Pg210" id="Pg210"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Blanda! Inquire at once, whether he brings
+        me tidings of my dear mother.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The slave hasted
+        away, and returned directly to inform Perpetua that her master was
+        grieved to relate that he was unable to give her the desired
+        information, but that he only awaited instructions from Perpetua to
+        take measures to satisfy her.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the girl was
+        left alone, and in greater agitation than before. She walked among
+        the evergreens, putting the citron flowers to her nose, plucking off
+        the leaves, pressing her hand to her brow, and wiping her distilling
+        eyes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The conservatory
+        was unglazed. It was furnished with shutters in which were small
+        openings like those in fiddles. Consequently a twilight reigned in
+        the place; what light entered was colorless, and without brilliancy.
+        Through the openings could be seen the whirling vapors; through them
+        also the rain spluttered in, and the wind sighed a plaintive strain,
+        now and then rising to a scream.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua still
+        held the little bunch of citron in her hand; she was as unaware that
+        she held it as that she had plucked it. Her mind was otherwise
+        engaged, and her nervous fingers must needs clasp
+        something.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page211">[pg
+        211]</span><a name="Pg211" id="Pg211" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As she thus
+        walked, fearing the appearance of Æmilius, and yet desirous of having
+        a term put to her suspense, she heard steps, and in another moment
+        the young lawyer stood before her. He bowed with hands extended, and
+        with courtly consideration would not draw near. Aware that she was
+        shy or frightened, he said: <span class="tei tei-q">“I have to ask
+        your pardon, young lady, for this intrusion on your privacy, above
+        all for your abduction to this house of mine. It was done without my
+        having been consulted, but was done with good intent, by a friend, to
+        place you out of danger. I had no part in the matter; nevertheless I
+        rejoice that my house has had the honor of serving you as a refuge
+        from such as seek your destruction.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I thank you,”</span> answered the girl constrainedly.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I owe you a word of acknowledgment of my
+        lively gratitude for having rescued me from the fountain, and another
+        for affording me shelter here. But if I may be allowed to ask a
+        favor, it is that my mother be restored to me, or me to my
+        mother.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Alas, lady,”</span> said Æmilius, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have no knowledge where she is. I myself have been in
+        concealment—for the rabble has been incensed against me for what I
+        was privileged to do, at the Nemausean <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page212">[pg 212]</span><a name="Pg212" id="Pg212" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>basin, unworthy that I was. I have not since
+        ventured into the town; not that I believe the rabble would dare
+        attempt violence against me, but I do not think it wise to allow them
+        the chance. I sent my good, blundering friend Callipodius to inquire
+        what had become of you, as I was anxious lest you should again be in
+        peril of your life; and he—Callipodius—seeing what a ferment there
+        was in the town, and how determined the priesthood was to get you
+        once more into its power, he consulted his mother wit, and had you
+        conveyed to my country house. Believe me, lady, he was actuated by a
+        sincere wish to do you service. If he had but taken the Lady Quincta
+        away as well, and lodged her here along with you, I would not have a
+        word of reproach for him, nor entertain a feeling of guilt in your
+        eyes.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My mother was in the first litter.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That litter did not pass out of the gates of Nemausus.
+        Callipodius was concerned for your safety, as he knew that it was you
+        who were menaced and not your mother.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But it is painful for me to be away from my
+        mother.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Lady! you are safer separated from her. If she
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page213">[pg 213]</span><a name="Pg213"
+        id="Pg213" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>be, as I presume, still in the
+        town, then those who pursue you will prowl about where she is, little
+        supposing that you are elsewhere, and the secret of your hiding-place
+        cannot be wrung from her if she does not herself know it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I concern myself little about my life,”</span> said
+        Perpetua. <span class="tei tei-q">“But, to be alone here, away from
+        her, from every relation, in a strange house——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I know what you would say, or rather what you feel and
+        do not like to say. I have a proposal to make to you which will
+        relieve your difficulty if it commends itself to you. It will secure
+        your union with your mother, and prevent anything being spoken as to
+        your having been concealed here that may offend your honorable
+        feelings.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua said
+        nothing. She plucked at the petals of the citron flower and strewed
+        them on the marble pavement.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You have been brought to this house, and happily none
+        know that you are here, save my client, Callipodius, and myself. But
+        what I desire to say is this. Give me a right to make this your
+        refuge, and me a right to protect you. If I be not distasteful to
+        you, permit this. I place myself unreservedly in your hands. I love
+        you, but my respect for <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page214">[pg
+        214]</span><a name="Pg214" id="Pg214" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>you
+        equals my love. I am rich and enjoy a good position. I have nothing I
+        can wish for but to be authorized by you to be your defender against
+        every enemy. Be my wife, and not all the fools and <span lang="la"
+        class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">flamines</span></span> of the province can touch
+        a hair of your head.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The tears welled
+        into Perpetua’s eyes. She looked at the young man, who stood before
+        her with such dignity and gentleness of demeanor. He seemed to her to
+        be as noble, as good as a heathen well could be. He felt for her
+        delicate position; he had risked his life and fortunes to save her.
+        He had roused the powerful religious faction of his native city
+        against him, and he was now extending his protection over her against
+        the priesthood and the mob of Nemausus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I know,”</span> pursued Æmilius, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“that I am not worthy of one such as yourself. I offer
+        myself because I see no other certain means of making you secure,
+        save by your suffering me to be your legitimate defender. If your
+        mother will consent, and I am so happy as to have yours, then we will
+        hurry on the rites which shall make us one, and not a tongue can stir
+        against you and not a hand be lifted to pluck you from my
+        side.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua dropped
+        the flower, now petalless. She <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page215">[pg 215]</span><a name="Pg215" id="Pg215" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>could not speak. He respected her emotions, and
+        continued to address her.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am confident that I can appease the excitement among
+        the people and the priests, and those attached to the worship of the
+        divine ancestor. They will not dare to push matters to extremities.
+        The sacrifice has been illegal all along, but winked at by the
+        magistrates because a custom handed down with the sanction of
+        antiquity. But a resolute protest made—if need be an appeal to
+        Cæsar—and the priesthood are paralyzed. Consider also that as my wife
+        they could no longer demand you. Their hold on you would be done for,
+        as none but an unmarried maid may be sacrificed. The very utmost they
+        can require in their anger and disappointment will be that you should
+        publicly sprinkle a few grains of incense on the altar of
+        Nemausus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot do that. I am a Christian.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Believe what you will. Laugh at the gods as do I and
+        many another. A few crumbs of frankincense, a little puff of smoke
+        that is soon sped.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It may not be.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Remain a Christian, adhere to its philosophy or
+        revelation, as Castor calls it. Attend its orgies, and be the
+        protectress of your fellow-believers.”</span></p><span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page216">[pg 216]</span><a name="Pg216" id="Pg216"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“None the less, I cannot do it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But why not?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot be false to Christ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What falsehood is there in this?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is a denial of Him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Bah! He died two hundred years ago.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He lives, He is ever present, He sees and knows
+        all.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Well, then He will not look harshly on a girl who acts
+        thus to save her life.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I should be false to myself as well as to
+        Him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot understand this——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No, because you do not know and love Him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Love Him!”</span> echoed Æmilius, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is dead. You never saw Him at any time. It is
+        impossible for any one to love one invisible, unseen, a mere
+        historical character. See, we have all over Gallia Narbonensis
+        thousands of Augustals; they form a sect, if you will. All their
+        worship is of Augustus Cæsar, who died before your Christ. Do you
+        suppose that one among those thousands loves him whom they worship,
+        and after whom they are named, and who is their bond of connection?
+        No—it is impossible. It cannot be.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But with us, to know is to love. Christ is the
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page217">[pg 217]</span><a name="Pg217"
+        id="Pg217" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>power of God, and we love Him
+        because He first loved us.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Riddles, riddles!”</span> said Æmilius, shaking his
+        head.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is a riddle that may be solved to you some day. I
+        would give my life that it were.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You would?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye, and with joy. You risked your life for me. I would
+        give mine to win for you——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Faith. Having that you would know how to
+        love.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page218">[pg 218]</span><a name="Pg218"
+        id="Pg218" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc39" id=
+        "toc39"></a><a name="pdf40" id="pdf40"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XIX</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">MARCIANUS</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the deacon
+        Baudillas and his faithful Pedo emerged from the river, and stood on
+        the bank, they were aware how icy was the blast that blew, for it
+        pierced their sodden garments and froze the marrow in their
+        bones.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Master,”</span> said Pedo, <span class="tei tei-q">“this
+        is the beginning of a storm that will last for a week; you must get
+        under shelter, and I will give you certain garments I have provided
+        and have concealed hard by in a kiln. The gates of the town are shut.
+        I have no need to inform you that we are without the city
+        walls.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pedo guided the
+        deacon to the place where he had hidden a bundle of garments, and
+        which was not a bowshot distant from the mouth of the sewer. The kiln
+        was small; it had happily been in recent use, for it was still warm,
+        and the radiation was grateful to Baudillas, whose teeth were
+        chattering in his head.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have put here bread and meat, and a small skin of
+        wine,”</span> said the slave. <span class="tei tei-q">“I advise you,
+        master, to <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page219">[pg
+        219]</span><a name="Pg219" id="Pg219" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>make
+        a meal; you will relish your food better here than in the black-hole.
+        Whilst we eat we consume time likewise; but the dawn is returning,
+        and with it the gates will be opened and we shall slip in among the
+        market people. But, tell me, whither will you go?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I would desire, were it advisable, to revisit my own
+        house,”</span> said the deacon doubtfully.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And I would advise you to keep clear of it,”</span> said
+        the slave. <span class="tei tei-q">“Should the jailer discover that
+        you have escaped, then at once search will be made for you, and, to a
+        certainty it will begin at your habitation.”</span> Then, with a dry
+        laugh, he added, <span class="tei tei-q">“And if it be found that I
+        have assisted in your evasion, then there will be one more likely to
+        give sport to the people at the forthcoming show. Grant me the wild
+        beasts and not the cross.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I will not bring thee into danger, faithful
+        friend.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot run away on my lame legs,”</span> said Pedo.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Ah! as to those shows. They are to wind up
+        with a water-fight—such is the announcement. There will be gladiators
+        from Arelate sent over to contend in boats against a fleet of our
+        Nemausean ruffians. On the previous day there will be sport with wild
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page220">[pg 220]</span><a name="Pg220"
+        id="Pg220" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>beasts. I am told that there
+        have been wolves trapped during the winter in the Cebennæ, and sent
+        down here, where they are retained fasting. I have heard their howls
+        at night and they have disturbed my sleep—their howls and the aches
+        in my thigh. I knew the weather would change by the pains in my
+        joint. There is a man named Amphilochius, a manumitted slave, who
+        broke into and robbed the villa of the master who had freed him. He
+        is a Greek of Iconium, and the public are promised that he shall be
+        cast to the beasts; but whether to the panthers, or the wolves, or
+        bear, or given to be gored by a bull, that I know not. Then there is
+        a taverner from somewhere on the way to Ugernum, who for years has
+        murdered such of his guests as he esteemed well furnished with money,
+        and has thrown their carcasses into the river. He will fight the
+        beasts. There is a bear from Larsacus; but they tell me he is dull,
+        has not yet shaken off his winter sleep, and the people fear they
+        will get small entertainment out of him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You speak of these scenes with relish.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah! master, before I was regenerate I dearly loved the
+        spectacles. But the contest with bulls! That discovers the agility of
+        a man. Falerius <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page221">[pg
+        221]</span><a name="Pg221" id="Pg221" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>Volupius Servilianus placed rosettes between
+        their horns and gave a prize to any who would pluck them away. That
+        was open to be contested for by all the youths of Nemausus. There was
+        little danger to life or limb, and it taught them to be quick of eye
+        and nimble in movement. But it was because none were gored that the
+        spectators wearied of these innocent sports and clamored for the
+        butchery of criminals and the contests of gladiators. There was a
+        fine Numidian lion brought by a shipmaster to Agatha; a big price was
+        asked, and the citizens of Narbo outbid us, so we lost that fine
+        fellow.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah, Pedo! please God that none of the brethren be
+        exposed to the beasts.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I think there will not be many. The Quatuor-viri are
+        slow to condemn, and Petronius Atacinus most unwilling of all. There
+        are real criminals in the prison sufficient to satisfy an ordinary
+        appetite for blood. But, see! we are discussing the amphitheater and
+        not considering whither thou wilt betake thyself.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have been turning the matter over, and I think that I
+        will go first to Marcianus, my brother-deacon, and report myself to
+        be alive and free, that he may inform the bishop; and I will take his
+        advice <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page222">[pg 222]</span><a name=
+        "Pg222" id="Pg222" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>as to my future
+        conduct, and where I shall bestow myself.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He has remained unmolested,”</span> said the slave,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“and that is to me passing strange, for I
+        have been told that certain of the brethren, when questioned relative
+        to the mutilation of the statue, have accused him by name. Yet, so
+        far, nothing has been done. Yet I think his house is watched; I have
+        noticed one Burrhus hanging about it; and Tarsius, they say, has
+        turned informer. See, master! the darkness is passing away; already
+        there is a wan light in the east.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Had the mouth of the kiln been turned to the setting in
+        place of the rising sun, we should not have felt the wind so greatly.
+        Well, Pedo, we will be on the move. Market people from the country
+        will be at the gates. I will consult with Marcianus before I do
+        aught.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An hour later,
+        Baudillas and his attendant were at the gate of Augustus, and passed
+        in unchallenged. Owing to the furious mistral, accompanied by driving
+        rain, the guards muffled themselves in their cloaks and paid little
+        attention to the peasants bringing in their poultry, fish and
+        vegetables for sale. The deacon and his slave entered unnoticed along
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page223">[pg 223]</span><a name="Pg223"
+        id="Pg223" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>with a party of these. In the
+        street leading to the forum was a knot of people about an angry
+        potter whose stall had been blown over by the wind. He had set boards
+        on trestles, and laid out basins, pitchers, lamps, urns on the
+        planks; over all he had stretched sail-cloth. The wind had caught the
+        awning and beaten it down, upsetting and crushing his ware. The
+        potter was swearing that he was ruined, and that his disaster was due
+        to the Christians, who had exasperated the gods by their crimes and
+        impieties.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Some looking on
+        laughed and asked, shouting, whether the gods did not blow as strong
+        blasts out of their lungs every year about the same time, and whether
+        they did so because annually insulted.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But they don’t break my crocks,”</span> stormed the
+        potter.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Charge double for what remain unfractured,”</span> joked
+        an onlooker.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come, master,”</span> said Pedo, plucking Baudillas by
+        the sleeve. <span class="tei tei-q">“If that angry fellow recognize
+        you, you are lost. Hold my cloak and turn down the lane, then we are
+        at the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">posticum</span></span>, at the
+        back of the house. I know some of the family, and they will admit
+        us.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page224">[pg
+        224]</span><a name="Pg224" id="Pg224" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Near by was a shop
+        for flowers. Over the shop front was the inscription, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Non vendo nisi amantibus coronas”</span> (<span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I sell garlands to lovers only”</span>).<a id=
+        "noteref_10" name="noteref_10" href="#note_10"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">10</span></span></a> The
+        woman in charge of the bunches and crowns of spring flowers looked
+        questioningly at Baudillas. Her wares were such as invited only when
+        the sun shone. The poor flowers had a draggled and desponding
+        appearance. No lovers came to buy in the bitter mistral.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come, master, we shall be recognized,”</span> said
+        Pedo.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In another moment
+        they had passed out of the huffle of the wind and the drift of the
+        rain into the shelter and warmth of a dwelling.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pedo bade a slave
+        go to Marcianus and tell the deacon that someone below desired a word
+        with him. Almost immediately the man returned with orders to conduct
+        the visitor to the presence of the master.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas was led
+        along a narrow passage into a chamber in the inner part of the house,
+        away from the apartments for the reception of guests.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The room was
+        warmed. It was small, and had a glazed window; that is to say, the
+        opening was closed <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page225">[pg
+        225]</span><a name="Pg225" id="Pg225" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>by a
+        sheet of stalagmite from one of the caves of Larsacus, cut thin.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In this chamber,
+        seated on an easy couch, with a roll in his hand, which he was
+        studying, was Marcianus. His countenance was hard and haughty.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You!”</span> he exclaimed, starting with surprise.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“What brings you here? I heard that you had
+        been before the magistrate and had confessed. But, bah! of such as
+        you martyrs are not made. You have betrayed us and got off clear
+        yourself.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You mistake, brother,”</span> answered Baudillas,
+        modestly. <span class="tei tei-q">“In one thing are you right—I am
+        not of the stuff out of which martyrs and confessors are fashioned.
+        But I betrayed no one. Not that there is any merit due to me for
+        that. I was in such a dire and paralyzing fright that I could not
+        speak.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“How then come you here?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“As we read that the Lord sent His angel to deliver Peter
+        from prison, so has it been with me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You lie!”</span> said Marcianus angrily. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No miracle was wrought for you—for such as you who
+        shiver and quake and lose power of speech! Bah! Come, give me a more
+        rational explanation of your escape.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My slave was the angel who delivered me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“So you ran away! Could not endure martyr<span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page226">[pg 226]</span><a name="Pg226" id="Pg226"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>dom, saw the crown shining, and turned
+        tail and used your legs. I can well believe it. Coward! Unworthy of
+        the name of a Christian, undeserving of the cross marked on thy brow,
+        unbecoming of the ministry.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I know that surely enough,”</span> said Baudillas;
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I am of timorous stuff, and from childhood
+        feared pain. But I have not denied Christ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“What has brought you here?”</span> asked Marcianus
+        curtly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have come to thee for counsel.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The counsel I give thou wilt not take. What saith the
+        Scripture: <span class="tei tei-q">‘He that putteth his hand to the
+        plough and turneth back is not fit for the kingdom of God.’</span>
+        Thou wast called to a glorious confession, and looked back and ran
+        away.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And thy counsel?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Return and surrender, and win the crown and palm. But it
+        is waste of breath to say such words to thee. I know thee. Wast thou
+        subjected to torture?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No, brother.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No; not the rack, nor the torches, nor the hooks, nor
+        the thumbscrews. Oh, none of these!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No, brother. It is true, I was scarce tried at
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page227">[pg 227]</span><a name="Pg227"
+        id="Pg227" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>all. Indeed, it was good
+        luck—God forgive me!—it was through His mercy that I was saved from
+        denying the faith. I was not even asked to sacrifice.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Well; go thy ways. I cannot advise thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Stay,”</span> said Baudillas. <span class="tei tei-q">“I
+        saw in the outer prison some of the faithful, but was in too great
+        fear to recognize any. Who have been taken?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The last secured has been the widow Quincta. The pontiff
+        and the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamen</span></span> Augustalis
+        and the priestess of Nemausus swear that she shall be put on the rack
+        and tortured till she reveals where her daughter is concealed, and
+        that amiable drone, the acting magistrate, has given consent. Dost
+        thou know where the damsel Perpetua is concealed?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Indeed, Marcianus, I know not. But tell me: hast thou
+        not been inquired for? I have been told how that some have accused
+        thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Me! Who said that?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Marcianus started,
+        and his face worked. <span class="tei tei-q">“Bah! they dare not
+        touch me. I belong to the Falerii; we have had magistrates in our
+        family, and one clothed with the pro-consulship. They will not
+        venture to lay hands on me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But what if they know, and it is known through
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page228">[pg 228]</span><a name="Pg228"
+        id="Pg228" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the town, that it was thou who
+        didst mutilate the statue of the founder?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“They do not know it.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, thou deceivest thyself. It is known. Some of those
+        who were at the Agape have spoken.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It was thou—dog that thou art!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, it was not I.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Marcianus rose and
+        strode up and down the room, biting his nails. Then, contemptuously,
+        he said: <span class="tei tei-q">“My family will stand between me and
+        mob or magistrate. I fear not. But get thee gone. Thou compromisest
+        me by thy presence, thou runagate and jail-breaker.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I came here but to notify my escape and to ask counsel
+        of thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Get thee gone. Fly out of Nemausus, or thy chattering
+        tongue will be set going and reveal everything that ought to be kept
+        secret.”</span> Then taking a turn he added to himself, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I belong to the Falerii.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas left;
+        and, as he went from the door, Pedo whispered in his ear:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Let us escape to Ad Fines. We can do so in
+        this detestable weather. I have an old friend there, named Blanda. In
+        my youth I loved—ah! welladay! that was long ago—and we were the
+        chattels of different masters, so it <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page229">[pg 229]</span><a name="Pg229" id="Pg229" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>came to naught. She is still a slave, but she
+        may be able to assist us. I can be sure of that; for the remembrance
+        of our old affection, she will do what lies in her power to secrete
+        us.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He suddenly
+        checked himself, plucked the deacon back, and drew him against the
+        wall.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An ædile, attended
+        by a body of the city police, armed like soldiers, advanced and
+        silently surrounded the house of Marcianus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the officer
+        struck the door thrice, and called: <span class="tei tei-q">“By the
+        authority of Petronius Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, Quatuor-viri
+        juridicundo, and in the name of the Imperator Cæsar Augustus, Marcus
+        Aurelius Antoninus, I arrest Cneius Falerius Marcianus, on the
+        atrocious charge of sacrilege.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page230">[pg 230]</span><a name="Pg230"
+        id="Pg230" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc41" id=
+        "toc41"></a><a name="pdf42" id="pdf42"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XX</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">IN THE BASILICA</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Quatuorvir
+        Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in the
+        stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been
+        erected by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and
+        unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the
+        Cæsars. Of this magnificent structure nothing remains at present save
+        some scraps of the frieze in the museum.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the weather
+        permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a case in the
+        open air, from a tribune in the forum. But this was impossible
+        to-day, in the howling wind and lashing rain. The court itself was
+        comparatively deserted. A very few had assembled to hear the trials.
+        None who had a warmed home that day left it uncalled for. Some market
+        women set their baskets in the doorway and stepped inside, but it was
+        rather because they were wet and out of breath than because they were
+        interested in the proceedings. Beside the magistrate sat the chief
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">pontifex</span></span> who was also Augustal
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">flamen</span></span>. <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page231">[pg 231]</span><a name="Pg231" id="Pg231" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>Of <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">pontifices</span></span> there were three in the
+        city, but one of these was a woman, the priestess of Nemausus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Throughout the
+        south of Gaul the worship of Augustus had become predominant, and had
+        displaced most of the ancestral cults. The temples dedicated to
+        Augustus exceeded in richness all others, and were crowded when the
+        rest were deserted.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Jupiter was only
+        not forgotten because he had borrowed some of the attributes of the
+        Gallic solar deity, and he flourished the golden wheel in one hand
+        and brandished the lightnings in the other. Juno had lent her name to
+        a whole series of familiar spirits of the mountains and of the
+        household, closely allied to the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">Proxumes</span></span>, a set of domestic
+        Brownies or Kobolds, who were chiefly adored and propitiated by the
+        women, and who had no other temple than the hearth. At Tarasconum,
+        the Phœnician goddess Britomartis reigned supreme, and her worship
+        was stimulated by a grand annual procession and dramatic
+        representation of her conquest over a dragon. At Nemausus the
+        corresponding god of war was called Mars Britovius. But the Volcæ
+        Arecomici were a peaceably-disposed people, and paid little devotion
+        to the god of battles. The cult <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page232">[pg 232]</span><a name="Pg232" id="Pg232" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>of the founder Nemausus did not flag, but that
+        of Augustus was in the ascendant. All the freedmen were united in one
+        great sodality under his invocation, and this guild represented an
+        important political factor in the land. It had its religious
+        officers, its <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamines</span></span> and
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">seviri</span></span>, attended by lictors, and
+        the latter had charge of all the altars at the crossroads, and sat
+        next to the civic functionaries in the courts, at banquets, in the
+        theater. Rich citizens bequeathed large sums to the town and to the
+        sodalities to be expended in public feasts, in largesses, and in
+        gladiatorial shows. The charge of these bequests, as also their
+        distribution, was in the hands of the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">flamines</span></span> and <span lang="la"
+        class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">seviri</span></span>. The priesthood was,
+        therefore, provided with the most powerful of all means for gaining
+        and moving the multitude, which desired nothing better than bread and
+        games.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Have that door shut!”</span> called the magistrate.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“It bangs in this evil wind, and I cannot
+        even hear what my excellent friend Lucius Smerius is saying in my
+        ear; how then can I catch what is said in court?”</span> Then,
+        turning to the pontiff, he said: <span class="tei tei-q">“I detest
+        this weather. Last year, about this time, I was struck with an evil
+        blast, and lost all sense of smell and taste for nine months. I had
+        pains in <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page233">[pg
+        233]</span><a name="Pg233" id="Pg233" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>my
+        loins and an ache in all my bones. I doubt if even the jests of Baubo
+        could have made me laugh; I was in lower dumps than even Ceres. Even
+        now, when seated far too long in this marble chair, I get an ache
+        across my back that assures me I am no longer young. But I could
+        endure that if my sense of taste had been fully restored. I do not
+        relish good wine as of old, and that is piteous, and I really at
+        times think of suicide.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It was the work of enchantment,”</span> said the
+        pontiff. <span class="tei tei-q">“These Christians, in their orgies,
+        stick pins into images to produce pains in those the figures
+        represent.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“How do you know this? Have you been initiated into their
+        mysteries?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I——! The Immortals preserve me therefrom.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then, by Pluto, you speak what you have heard of the
+        gossips—old wives’ babble. I will tell you what my opinion is,
+        Smerius. If you were to thrust your nose into the mysteries of the
+        Bona Dea you would find—what? No more than did Clodius—nothing at
+        all. My wife, she attends them, and comes home with her noddle full
+        of all the tittle-tattle of Nemausus. It is so with the Christian
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page234">[pg 234]</span><a name="Pg234"
+        id="Pg234" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>orgies. I would not give a snap
+        of the fingers for all the secrets confided to the initiated—neither
+        in Eleusis nor in the Serapium, nor among the Christians.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“These men are not like others; they are unsociable,
+        brutish, arrogant.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Unsociable I allow. Brutish! The word is inapt; for, on
+        the contrary, I find them very simple, soft-headed, pulp-hearted
+        folk. They abstain from all that is boisterous and cruel. Arrogant
+        they may be. There I am at one with you. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">‘Live and let live’</span> is my maxim. We have a score
+        of gods, home made and foreign, and they all rub and tumble together
+        without squabbling. Of late we have had Madame Isis over from Egypt,
+        and the White Ladies,<a id="noteref_11" name="noteref_11" href=
+        "#note_11"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">11</span></span></a> and the
+        Proxumes, Victoria Augusta, Venus, and Minerva, make room for her
+        without even a frown on their divine faces. And imperial Rome
+        sanctions all these devotions. Why, did not the god Augustus build a
+        temple here to Nemausus and pay him divine honors, though he had
+        never heard him named before? Now this Christian sect is exclusive.
+        It will suffer no gods to stand beside Him whom they adore. He must
+        reign alone. <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page235">[pg
+        235]</span><a name="Pg235" id="Pg235" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>That
+        I call illiberal, narrow-minded, against the spirit of the age and
+        the principle of Roman policy. That is the reason why I dislike these
+        Christians.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Here come the prisoners. My good friend, do not be too
+        easy with them. It will not do. The temper of the people is up. The
+        sodality of Augustus swear that they will not decree you a statue,
+        and will oppose your nomination to the knighthood. They have joined
+        hands with the Cultores Nemausi, and insist that proper retribution
+        be administered to the transgressors, and that the girl be
+        surrendered.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It shall be done; it shall be so,”</span> said the
+        Quatuorvir. Then, raising his hand to his mouth, and speaking behind
+        it—not that in the roar of the wind such a precaution was
+        necessary—he said to the pontiff: <span class="tei tei-q">“My dear
+        man, a magistrate has other matters to consider than pleasing the
+        clubs. There is the prince over all, and he is on the way to
+        Narbonese Gaul. It is whispered that he is favorably disposed towards
+        this Nazarene sect.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The Augustus would not desire to have the laws set at
+        naught, and the sodalities are rich enough to pay to get access to
+        him and make their complaint.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Well, well, well! I cannot please all. I have to steer
+        my course among shoals and rocks. Keep the <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page236">[pg 236]</span><a name="Pg236" id="Pg236" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>question of Christianity in the background and
+        charge on other grounds. That is my line. I will do my best to please
+        all parties. We must have sport for the games. The rabble desire to
+        have some one punished for spoiling their pet image. But, by the
+        Twins, could not the poor god hold his own head on his shoulders? If
+        he had been worth an as, he would have done so. But there, I nettle
+        you. You shall be satisfied along with the rest. Bring up the
+        prisoners: Quincta, widow of Aulus Harpinius Læto, first of
+        all.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The mother of
+        Perpetua was led forward in a condition of terror that rendered her
+        almost unconscious, and unable to sustain herself.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Quincta,”</span> said the magistrate, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“have no fear for yourself. I have no desire to deal
+        sharply with you; if you will inform us where is your daughter, you
+        shall be dismissed forthwith.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not know——”</span> The poor woman could say no
+        more.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Give her a seat,”</span> ordered Petronius. Then to the
+        prisoner: <span class="tei tei-q">“Compose yourself. No doubt that,
+        as a mother, you desire to screen your daughter, supposing that her
+        life is menaced. No such thing, madame. I have spoken with the
+        priestess, and with <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page237">[pg
+        237]</span><a name="Pg237" id="Pg237" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>my
+        good friend here, Lucius Smerius, chief pontiff, Augustal <span lang=
+        "la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">flamen</span></span>, and public
+        haruspex.”</span> He bowed to the priest at his side. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am assured that the god, when he spoke, made no demand
+        for a sacrifice. That is commuted. All he desires is that the young
+        virgin should pass into his service, and be numbered among his
+        priestesses.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She will not consent,”</span> gasped Quincta.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I hardly need to point out the honor and advantage
+        offered her. The priestesses enjoy great favor with the people, have
+        seats of honor at the theater, take a high position in all public
+        ceremonies, and are maintained by rich endowments.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She will never consent,”</span> repeated the mother.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Of that we shall judge for ourselves. Where is the
+        girl?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I do not know.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“How so?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She has been carried away from me; I know not
+        whither.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“When the old ewe baas the lamb will bleat,”</span> said
+        the Quatuorvir. <span class="tei tei-q">“We shall find the means to
+        make you produce her. Lady Quincta, my duty compels me to send you
+        back to prison. You shall be allowed two days’ respite. Unless, by
+        the end of <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page238">[pg
+        238]</span><a name="Pg238" id="Pg238" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>that
+        time, you are able and willing to give us the requisite information,
+        you will be put to the question, and I doubt not that a turn of the
+        rack will refresh your memory and relax your tongue.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot tell what I do not know.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Remove the woman.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The magistrate
+        leaned back, and turning his head to the pontiff, said: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Did not your worthy father, Spurius, die of a surfeit of
+        octopus? I had a supper off the legs last night, and they made me
+        sleep badly; they are no better than marine leather.”</span> Then to
+        the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">vigiles</span></span>:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Bring forward Falerius
+        Marcianus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon was
+        conducted before the magistrate. He was pale, and his lips ashen and
+        compressed. His dark eyes turned in every direction. He was looking
+        for kinsmen and patron.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are charged, Falerius, with having broken the image
+        of the god whom Nemausus delights to honor, and who is the reputed
+        founder of the city. You conveyed his head to the house of Baudillas,
+        and several witnesses have deposed that you made boast that you had
+        committed the sacrilegious act of defacing the statue. What answer
+        make you to this?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Marcianus replied
+        in a low voice.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page239">[pg
+        239]</span><a name="Pg239" id="Pg239" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Speak up,”</span> said the magistrate; <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot hear thee, the wind blusters and bellows so
+        loud.”</span> Aside to the pontiff Smerius he added: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And ever since that evil blast you wot of, I have
+        suffered from a singing in my ears.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I did it,”</span> said the deacon. Again he looked about
+        him, but saw none to support him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then,”</span> said the magistrate, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“we shall at once conclude this matter. The outrage is
+        too gross to be condoned or lightly punished. Even thy friends and
+        kinsfolk have not appeared to speak for thee. Thy family has been one
+        of dignity and authority in Nemausus. There have been members who
+        have been clothed with the Quatuorvirate <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">de
+        aerario</span></span> and have been accorded the use of a horse at
+        public charge. Several have been decurions wearing the white toga and
+        the purple stripe. This aggravates the impiety of your act. I
+        sentence Cneius Falerius Marcianus, son of Marius Audolatius, of the
+        Voltinian tribe, to be thrown to the beasts in the approaching show,
+        and that his goods be confiscated, and that out of his property
+        restitution be made, by which a new statue to the god Nemausus be
+        provided, to be set up in the place of that injured by the same
+        Cneius Falerius Marcianus.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page240">[pg 240]</span><a name="Pg240" id="Pg240" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon made an
+        attempt to speak. He seemed overwhelmed with astonishment and dismay
+        at the sentence, so utterly unexpected in its severity. He
+        gesticulated and cried out, but the Quatuorvir was cold and weary. He
+        had pronounced a sentence that would startle all the town, and he
+        thought he had done enough.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Remove him at once,”</span> said he.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Petronius
+        turned to the pontiff and said: <span class="tei tei-q">“Now, my
+        Smerius, what say you to this? Will not this content you and all the
+        noisy rag-tag at your back?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Next he commanded
+        the rest of the prisoners to be brought forward together. This was a
+        mixed number of poor persons, some women, some old men, boys, slaves
+        and freedmen; none belonged to the upper class or even to that of the
+        manufacturers and tradesmen.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are all dismissed,”</span> said the magistrate.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“The imprisonment you have undergone will
+        serve as a warning to you not to associate with image-breakers, not
+        to enter into sodalities which have not received the sanction of
+        Cæsar, and which are not compatible with the well-being and quiet of
+        the city and are an element of disturbance in the empire. Let
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page241">[pg 241]</span><a name="Pg241"
+        id="Pg241" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>us hear no more of this
+        pestilent nonsense. Go—worship what god ye will—only not
+        Christos.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the lictors
+        gathered around the Quatuorvir and the pontiff, who also rose, and
+        extended his hand to assist the magistrate, who made wry faces as
+        rheumatic twinges nipped his back.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come with me, Smerius,”</span> said the Quatuorvir,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I have done the best for you that lay in my
+        power. I hate unnecessary harshness. But this fellow, Falerius
+        Marcianus, has deserved the worst. If the old woman be put on the
+        rack and squeak out, and Marcianus be devoured by beasts, the people
+        will have their amusement, and none can say that I have acted with
+        excessive rigor—and, my dear man—not a word has been said about
+        Christianity. The cases have been tried on other counts, do you
+        see?”</span> he winked. <span class="tei tei-q">“Will you breakfast
+        with me? There are mullets from the Satera, stewed in white
+        wine—confound those octopi!—I feel them still.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page242">[pg 242]</span><a name="Pg242"
+        id="Pg242" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc43" id=
+        "toc43"></a><a name="pdf44" id="pdf44"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XXI</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">A MANUMISSION</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Blanda, what shall I do?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius had
+        withdrawn immediately after the interview in the citron-house, and
+        Perpetua was left a prey to even greater distress of mind than
+        before.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Accustomed to lean
+        on her mother, she was now without support. She drew towards the
+        female slave, who had a patient, gentle face, marked with
+        suffering.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Blanda, what shall I do?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Mistress, how can I advise? If you had been graciously
+        pleased to take counsel of my master, he would have instructed
+        you.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Alack! what I desire is to find my mother. If, as I
+        suppose, she is in concealment in Nemausus, he will be unable to
+        discover her. No clue will be put into his hand. He will be regarded
+        with suspicion. He will search; I do not doubt his good will, but he
+        will not find. Those who know where my mother is will look on him
+        with suspicion. O <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page243">[pg
+        243]</span><a name="Pg243" id="Pg243" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>Blanda, is there none in this house who
+        believes, whom I could send to some of the Church?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Lady,”</span> answered the slave, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“there be no Christians here. There is a Jew, but he
+        entertains a deadly hate of such as profess to belong to this sect.
+        To the rest one religion is as indifferent as another. Some swear by
+        the White Ladies, some by Serapis, and there is one who talks much of
+        Mithras, but who this god is I know not.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“If I am to obtain information it must be through some
+        one who is to be trusted.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Lady,”</span> said the woman-slave, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“the master has given strict orders that none shall speak
+        of you as having found a shelter here. Yet when slaves get together,
+        by the Juno of the oaks, I believe men chatter and are greater
+        magpies than we women; their tongues run away with them, especially
+        when they taste wine. If one of the family were sent on this
+        commission into the town, ten <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">sesterces</span></span> to an <span lang="la"
+        class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">as</span></span>, he would tell that you are
+        here, and would return as owlish and ignorant as when he went forth.
+        Men’s minds are cudgels, not awls. If thou desirest to find out a
+        thing, trust a woman, not a man.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot rest till I have news.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There has been a great search made after <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page244">[pg 244]</span><a name="Pg244" id="Pg244"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>Christians, and doubtless she is, as thou
+        sayest, in concealment, surely among friends. Have
+        patience.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But, Blanda, she is in an agony of mind as to what has
+        become of me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The slave-woman
+        considered for awhile, and then said:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is a man who might help; he certainly can be
+        relied on. He is of the strange sect I know, and he would do anything
+        for me, and would betray no secrets.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Who is that?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“His name is Pedo, and he is the slave to Baudillas
+        Macer, son of Carisius Adgonna, who has a house in the lower
+        town.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“O Blanda!”</span> exclaimed Perpetua, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“it was from the house of Baudillas that I was enticed
+        away.”</span> Then, after some hesitation, she added: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That house, I believe, was invaded by the mob; but I
+        think my mother had first escaped.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Lady, I have heard that Baudillas has been taken before
+        the magistrate, and has been cast into the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">robur</span></span>, because that in his house
+        was found the head of the god; and it was supposed that he was guilty
+        of the sacrilege, either directly or indirectly. <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page245">[pg 245]</span><a name="Pg245" id="Pg245"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>He that harbors a thief is guilty as the
+        thief. I heard that yesterday. No news has since been received. I
+        mistrust my power of reaching the town, of standing against the gale.
+        Moreover, as the master has been imprisoned, it is not likely that
+        the slave will be in the empty house. Yet, if thou wilt tarry till
+        the gale be somewhat abated and the rain cease to fall in such a
+        rush, I will do my utmost to assist thee. I will go to the town
+        myself, and communicate with Pedo, if I can find him. He will trust
+        me, poor fellow!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot require thee to go forth in this furious
+        wind,”</span> said Perpetua.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And, lady, thou must answer to my master for me. Say
+        that I went at thine express commands; otherwise I shall be badly
+        beaten.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Is thy master so harsh?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, I am a slave. Who thinks of a slave any more than of
+        an ass or a lapdog? It was through a severe scourging with the cat
+        that I was brought to know Pedo.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Tell me, how was that?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Does my lady care for matters that affect her
+        slave?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nay, good Blanda, we Christians know no
+        differ<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page246">[pg 246]</span><a name=
+        "Pg246" id="Pg246" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>ence between bond and
+        free. All are the children of one God, who made man. Our master,
+        though Lord of all, made Himself of no reputation, but took on Him
+        the form of a servant; and was made subject for us.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is just how Pedo talks. We slaves have our notions
+        of freedom and equality, and there is much tall talk in the servants’
+        hall on the rights of man. But I never heard of a master or mistress
+        holding such opinions.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Nevertheless this doctrine is a principle of our
+        religion. Listen to this; the words are those of one of our great
+        teachers: <span class="tei tei-q">‘There is neither Jew nor Greek,
+        there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for
+        ye are all one in Christ Jesus.’</span> ”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Was he a slave who said that?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No; he was a Roman citizen.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That I cannot understand. Yet perhaps he spoke it at an
+        election time, or when he was an advocate in the forum. It was a
+        sentiment; very fine, smartly put, but not to be
+        practiced.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There, Blanda, you are wrong. We Christians do act upon
+        this principle, and it forms a bond of union between
+        us.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page247">[pg
+        247]</span><a name="Pg247" id="Pg247" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Well, I understand it not. I have heard the slaves
+        declaim among themselves, saying that they were as good as, nay,
+        better than, their masters; but they never whispered such a thought
+        where were their masters’ ears, or they would have been soundly
+        whipped. In the forum, when lawyers harangue, they say fine things of
+        this sort; and when candidates are standing for election, either as a
+        sevir or as a quatuorvir, all sorts of fine words fly about, and
+        magnificent promises are made, but they are intended only to tickle
+        ears and secure votes. None believe in them save the vastly ignorant
+        and the very fools.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come, tell me about thyself and Pedo.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah, lady, that was many years ago. I was then in the
+        household of Helvia Secundilla, wife of Calvius Naso. On one
+        occasion, because I had not brought her May-dew wherewith to bathe
+        her face to remove sun-spots, she had me cruelly beaten. There were
+        knucklebones knotted in the cat wherewith I was beaten. Thirty-nine
+        lashes I received. I could not collect May-dew, for the sky was
+        overcast and the herb was dry. But she regarded not my excuse.
+        Tullia, my fellow-slave, was more sly. She filled a flask at a spring
+        and pretended that she <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page248">[pg
+        248]</span><a name="Pg248" id="Pg248" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>had
+        gathered it off the grass, and that her fraud might not be detected,
+        she egged her mistress on against me. I was chastised till my back
+        was raw.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Poor Blanda!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye, my back was one bleeding wound, and yet I was
+        compelled to put on my garment and go forth again after May-dew. It
+        was then that I encountered Pedo. I was in such pain that I walked
+        sobbing, and my tears fell on the arid grass. He came to me, moved by
+        compassion, and spoke kindly, and my heart opened, and I told him
+        all. Then he gave me a flask filled with a water in which elder
+        flowers had been steeped, and bade me wash my back
+        therewith.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And it healed thee?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It soothed the fever of my blood and the anguish of my
+        wounds. They closed, and in a few days were cicatriced. But Pedo had
+        been fellow-slave with a Jewish physician, and from him had learned
+        the use of simples. My mistress found no advantage from the
+        spring-water brought her as May-dew. Then I offered her some of the
+        decoction given me by Pedo, and that had a marvelous effect on her
+        freckles. Afterwards her treatment of me was <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page249">[pg 249]</span><a name="Pg249" id="Pg249" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>kinder, and it was Tullia who received the
+        whippings.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And did you see more of Pedo?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Blanda
+        colored.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Mistress, that was the beginning of our acquaintance. He
+        was with a good master, Baudillas Macer, who, he said, would manumit
+        him at any time. But, alas! what would that avail me? I remained in
+        bondage. Ah, lady, Pedo regarded me with tenderness, and, indeed, I
+        could have been happy with none other but him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“He is old and lame.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ah, lady, I think the way he moves on his lame hip quite
+        beautiful. I do not admire legs when one is of the same length as
+        another—it gives a stiff uniformity not to my taste.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“And he is old?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Ripe, lady—full ripe as a fig in August. Sour fruit are
+        unpleasant to eat. Young men are prigs and think too much of
+        themselves.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“How long ago was it that this acquaintance
+        began?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Five and twenty years. I trusted, when my master,
+        Calvius Naso—he was so called because he really had a long nose, and
+        my mistress was wont to <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page250">[pg
+        250]</span><a name="Pg250" id="Pg250" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>tweak it—but there! I wander. I did think that
+        he would have given me my freedom. In his illness I attended to him
+        daily, nightly. I did not sleep, I was ever on the watch for him. As
+        to my mistress, she was at her looking-glass, and using depilatory
+        fluid on some hairs upon her chin, expecting shortly to be a widow.
+        She did not concern herself about the master. He died, but left money
+        only for the erection of a statue in the forum. Me he utterly forgot.
+        Then my mistress sold me to the father of my present master. When he
+        died also he manumitted eight slaves, but they were all men. His
+        monument stands beside the road to Tolosa, with eight Phrygian caps
+        sculptured on it, to represent the manumissions; but me—he
+        forgot.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then, for all these five and twenty years you have cared
+        for Pedo and desired to be united to him!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Yes, I longed for it greatly for twenty years, and so
+        did he, poor fellow; but, after that, hope died. I have now no hope,
+        no joy in life, no expectation of aught. Presently will come death,
+        and death ends all.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No, Blanda; that is not what we hold. We look for
+        eternal life.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page251">[pg
+        251]</span><a name="Pg251" id="Pg251" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“For masters, not for slaves.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“For slaves as well as masters, and then God will wipe
+        away all tears from our eyes.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Alack, mistress. The power to hope is gone from me. In a
+        wet season, when there is little sun, then the fruit mildews on the
+        tree and drops off. When we were young we put forth the young fruit
+        of hopes; but there has been no sun. They fall off, and the tree can
+        bear no more.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Blanda, if ever I have the power——”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, mistress, with my master you can do
+        anything.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Blanda, I do not know that I can ask him for this—thy
+        freedom. But, if the opportunity offers, I certainly will not forget
+        thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A slave appeared
+        at the door and signed to Blanda, who, with an obeisance, asked leave
+        to depart. The leave was given, and she left the room.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Presently she
+        returned in great excitement, followed by Baudillas and Pedo, both
+        drenched with rain and battered by the gale.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua uttered
+        an exclamation of delight, and rushed to the deacon with extended
+        arms.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I pray, I pray, give me some news of my
+        mother.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page252">[pg
+        252]</span><a name="Pg252" id="Pg252" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But he drew back
+        likewise surprised, and replied with another question:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“The Lady Perpetua! And how come you to be
+        here?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That I will tell later,”</span> answered the girl.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Now inform me as to my mother.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Alas!”</span> replied Baudillas, wiping the rain from
+        his face, <span class="tei tei-q">“the news is sad. She has been
+        taken before Petronius, and has been consigned to prison.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My mother is in prison!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon desired
+        to say no more, but he was awkward at disguising his unwillingness to
+        speak the whole truth. The eager eyes of the girl read the hesitation
+        in his face.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I beseech you,”</span> she urged, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“conceal nothing from me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I have told you, she is in jail.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“On what charge? Who has informed against
+        her?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I was not in the court when she was tried. I know very
+        little. I was near the town, waiting about, and I got scraps of
+        information from some of our people, and from Pedo, who went into the
+        city.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then you do know. Answer me truly. Tell me
+        all.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page253">[pg
+        253]</span><a name="Pg253" id="Pg253" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I—I was in prison myself, but escaped through the aid of
+        Pedo. I tarried in an old kiln. He advised that I should come on
+        here, where he had friends. Dost thou know that Marcianus has been
+        sentenced? He will win that glorious crown which I have lost. I—I,
+        unworthy, I fled, when it might have been mine. Yet, God forgive me!
+        I am not ungrateful to Pedo. Marcianus said I was a coward, and unfit
+        for the Kingdom of God; that I should be excluded because I had
+        turned back. God forgive me!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Suddenly Perpetua
+        laid hold of Baudillas by both arms, and so gripped him that the
+        water oozed between her fingers and dropped on the floor.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I adjure thee, by Him in whom we both believe, answer me
+        truly, speak fully. Is my mother retained in prison till I am
+        found?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon looked
+        down nervously, uncomfortably, and shuffled from foot to foot.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Understand,”</span> said he, after a long silence,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“all I learned is by hearsay. I really know
+        nothing for certain.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I suffer more by your silence than were I to be told the
+        truth, be the truth never so painful.”</span></p><span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page254">[pg 254]</span><a name="Pg254" id="Pg254"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Have I not said it? The Lady Quincta is in
+        prison.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Is that all?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again he
+        maintained an embarrassed silence.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It matters not,”</span> said Perpetua firmly.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I will my own self find out what has taken
+        place. I shall return to Nemausus on foot, and immediately. I will
+        deliver myself up to the magistrate and demand my mother’s
+        release.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You must not go—the weather is terrible.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I shall—nothing can stay me. I shall go, and go alone,
+        and go at once.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is no need for such haste. It is not till
+        to-morrow that Quincta will be put on the rack.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“On the rack!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Fool that I am! I have uttered what I should have kept
+        secret.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“It is said. My resolve is formed. I return to
+        Nemausus.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then,”</span> said the deacon, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I will go with thee.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“There is no need. I will take Blanda.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I will go. A girl, a young girl shames me. I run away
+        from death, and she offers herself to the sword. Marcianus said I was
+        a renegade. I will <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page255">[pg
+        255]</span><a name="Pg255" id="Pg255" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>not
+        be thought to have denied my Master—to have fled from
+        martyrdom.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then,”</span> said Perpetua, <span class="tei tei-q">“I
+        pray thee this—first give freedom unto Pedo.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Baudillas
+        administered a slight stroke on the cheek to his slave, and said:</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Go; thou art discharged from bondage.”</span></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page256">[pg 256]</span><a name="Pg256"
+        id="Pg256" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc45" id=
+        "toc45"></a><a name="pdf46" id="pdf46"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-top: 3.46em; margin-bottom: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XXII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">THE ARENA</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The games that
+        were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the nones of
+        March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or
+        rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many
+        citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius. He had
+        run great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of
+        adroit flattery. In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his
+        ill-gotten gains—the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and
+        whose families he had ruined—to be expended in games in the
+        amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation of the
+        citizens, and to keep his memory green in his native city.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The games were to
+        last two days. On the first there would be contests with beasts, and
+        on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded and
+        converted into a lake.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Great anxiety was
+        entertained relative to the <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page257">[pg
+        257]</span><a name="Pg257" id="Pg257" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>weather. Unless the mistral ceased and the rain
+        passed away, it would be impossible for the sports to be held. It was
+        true that the entire oval could be covered in by curtains and mats,
+        stretched between poles, but this contrivance was intended as shelter
+        against sun and not rain. Moreover, the violence of the wind had
+        rendered it quite impossible to extend the curtains.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The town was in
+        the liveliest excitement. The man guilty of having mutilated the
+        statue had been sentenced to be cast to the beasts, and this man was
+        no vulgar criminal out of the slums, but belonged to one of the
+        superior <span class="tei tei-q">“orders.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">That a great
+        social change had taken place in the province, and that the freedmen
+        had stepped into power and influence, to the displacement of their
+        former masters, was felt by the descendants of the first Ægypto-Greek
+        colonists, and by the relics of the Gaulish nobility, but they hardly
+        endured to admit the fact in words. The exercise of the rights of
+        citizenship, the election of the officials, the qualification for
+        filling the superior secular and religious offices, belonged to the
+        decurion or noble families. Almost the sole office open to those
+        below was that of the seviri; and yet even in elections the
+        freed<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page258">[pg 258]</span><a name=
+        "Pg258" id="Pg258" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>men were beginning to
+        exhibit a power of control.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now, one of the
+        old municipal families was to be humbled by a member being subjected
+        to the degradation of death in the arena, and none of the Falerii
+        ventured to raise a voice in his defence, so critical did they
+        perceive the situation to be. The sodality of the Augustals in
+        conclave had determined that an example was to be made of Marcianus,
+        and had made this plain to the magistrates. They had even insisted on
+        the manner of his execution. His death would be a plain announcement
+        to the decurion class that its domination was at an end. The ancient
+        patrician and plebeian families of Rome had been extinguished in
+        blood, and their places filled by a new nobility of army factors and
+        money-lenders. A similar revolution had taken place in the provinces
+        by less bloody means. There, the transfer of power was due largely to
+        the favor of the prince accorded to the freedmen.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the Augustal
+        colleges everywhere, the Cæsar had a body of devoted adherents, men
+        without nationality, with no historic position, no traditions of past
+        independence; men, moreover, who were shrewd enough to see that by
+        combination they <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page259">[pg
+        259]</span><a name="Pg259" id="Pg259" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>would eventually be able to wrest the control of
+        the municipal government from those who had hitherto exercised
+        it.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The rumor spread
+        rapidly that a fresh entertainment was to be provided. The damsel who
+        had been rescued from the basin of Nemausus had surrendered herself
+        in order to obtain the release of her mother; and the magistrate in
+        office, Petronius Atacinus, out of consideration for the good people
+        of the town, whom he loved, and out of reverence for the gods who had
+        been slighted, had determined that she should be produced in the
+        arena, and there obliged publicly to sacrifice, and then to be
+        received into the priesthood. Should she, however, prove obdurate,
+        then she would be tortured into compliance.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Nor was this all.
+        Baudillas Macer, the last scion of a decayed Volcian family, who had
+        been cast into the pit of the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">robur</span></span>,
+        but had escaped, was also to be brought out and executed, as having
+        assisted in the rescue of Perpetua from the fountain, but chiefly for
+        having connived at the crime of Falerius Marcianus.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To the general
+        satisfaction, the wind fell as suddenly as it had risen, and that on
+        the night preceding <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page260">[pg
+        260]</span><a name="Pg260" id="Pg260" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the
+        sports. The weather remained bitterly cold, and the sky was dark with
+        clouds that seemed ready to burst. Not a ray of sunlight traveled
+        across the arena and climbed the stages of the amphitheater. The day
+        might have been one in November, and the weather that encountered on
+        the northern plains of Germania.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The townsfolk, and
+        the spectators from the country, came provided against the
+        intemperance of the weather, wrapped in their warmest mantles, which
+        they drew as hoods over their heads. Slaves arrived, carrying boxes
+        with perforated tops, that contained glowing charcoal, so that their
+        masters and mistresses might keep their feet warm whilst attending
+        the games. Some carried cushions for the seats, others wolf-skin rugs
+        to throw over the knees of the well-to-do spectators.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The ranges of the
+        great oval were for the most part packed with spectators. The topmost
+        seats were full long before the rest. The stone benches were divided
+        into tiers. At the bottom, near the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">podium</span></span> or breastwork confining the
+        arena, were those for the municipal dignitaries, for the priests, and
+        for certain strangers to whom seats had been granted by decree of the
+        town council. Here might be read, <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page261">[pg 261]</span><a name="Pg261" id="Pg261" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a><span class="tei tei-q">“Forty seats decreed to
+        the navigators of the Rhône and Saone;”</span> at another part of the
+        circumference, <span class="tei tei-q">“Twenty-five places appointed
+        to the navigators of the Ardèche and the Ouvèze.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Above the ranges
+        of seats set apart for the officials and guests were those belonging
+        to the decurions and knights, the nobility and gentry of the town and
+        little republic. The third range was that allotted to the freedmen
+        and common townsfolk and peasants from the country, and the topmost
+        stage was abandoned to be occupied by slaves alone. At one end of the
+        ellipse sat the principal magistrates close to the <span lang="la"
+        class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">podium</span></span> at one end, and at the
+        other the master of the games and his attendants, the prefect of the
+        watch and of the firemen.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Two doors, one at
+        each end, gave access to the arena, or means of exit. One was that of
+        the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">vivarium</span></span>, whence
+        the gladiators and prisoners issued from a large chamber under the
+        seats and feet of the spectators. The other door was that which
+        conducted to the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">libitinum</span></span>, into
+        which were cast the corpses of men and the carcasses of beasts that
+        had perished in the games.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Immediately below
+        the seat of the principal magistrates and of the pontiffs was a
+        little altar, on <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page262">[pg
+        262]</span><a name="Pg262" id="Pg262" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the
+        breastwork about the arena, with a statue of Nemausus above it; and a
+        priest stood at the side to keep the charcoal alight, and to serve
+        the incense to such as desired to do homage to the god.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was remarked
+        that the attendance in the reserved seats of the decurions was
+        meager. Such as were connected with the Falerian family by blood or
+        marriage made it a point to absent themselves; others stayed away
+        because huffed at the insolence of the freedmen, and considering that
+        the sentence passed on Marcianus was a slight cast on their
+        order.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the other hand,
+        the freedmen crowded to the show in full force, and not having room
+        to accommodate themselves and their families in the zone allotted to
+        them, some audaciously threw themselves over the barriers of
+        demarcation and were followed by others, and speedily flooded the
+        benches of the decurions.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the
+        magistrates arrived, preceded by their lictors, all in the
+        amphitheater rose, and the Quatuor-viri bowed to the public. Each
+        took a pinch from the priest, who extended a silver shell containing
+        aromatic gums, and cast it on the fire, some gravely, Petronius with
+        a flippant gesture. Then <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page263">[pg
+        263]</span><a name="Pg263" id="Pg263" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>the
+        latter turned to the Augustal <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamen</span></span>,
+        saying: <span class="tei tei-q">“To the god Augustus and the divine
+        Julia (Livia),”</span> and he threw some more grains on the
+        charcoal.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Body of Bacchus!”</span> said he, as he took his seat,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“a little fizzling spark such as that may
+        please the gods, but does not content me. I wish I had a roaring fire
+        at which, like a babe out of its bath, I could spread my ten toes and
+        as many fingers. Such a day as this is! With cold weather I cannot
+        digest my food properly. I feel a lump in me as did Saturn when his
+        good Rhea gave him a meal of stones. I am full of twinges. By Vulcan
+        and his bellows! if it had not been for duty I would have been at
+        home adoring the Lares and Penates. These shows are for the young and
+        warm-blooded. The arms of my chair send a chill into my marrow-bones.
+        What comes first? Oh! a contest with a bull. Well, I shall curl up
+        and doze like a marmot. Wake me, good Smerius, when the next portion
+        of the entertainment begins.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A bull was
+        introduced, and a gladiator was employed to exasperate and play with
+        the beast. He waved a garment before its eyes, then drove a sharp
+        instrument into its flank, and when the beast turned, he nimbly
+        leaped out of the way. When <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page264">[pg
+        264]</span><a name="Pg264" id="Pg264" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>pursued he ran, then turned sharply, put his
+        hands on the back of the bull, and leaped over it.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The people
+        cheered, but they had seen the performance so often repeated that
+        they speedily tired of such poor sport. The bull was accordingly
+        dispatched. Horses were introduced and hooked to the carcass, which
+        was rapidly drawn out. Then entered attendants of the amphitheater,
+        who strewed sand where the blood had been spilt, bowed and
+        retired.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thereupon the
+        jailer threw open the gates of the <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">vivarium</span></span> and brought forth the
+        prisoners. These consisted of the taverner who had murdered his
+        guests, the manumitted slave who had robbed his master, Baudillas,
+        Marcianus and Perpetua.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A thrill of cruel
+        delight ran through the concourse of spectators. Now something was
+        about to be shown them, harrowing to the feelings, gratifying to the
+        ferocity that is natural to all men, and is expelled, not at all by
+        civilization, but by divine grace only.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It enhanced the
+        pleasure of the spectators that criminals should witness the death of
+        their fellows. Eyes scanned their features, observed whether they
+        turned sick and faint, whether they winced, or <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page265">[pg 265]</span><a name="Pg265" id="Pg265"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>whether they remained cool and callous.
+        This gave a cruel zest to their enjoyment.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A bear was
+        produced. Dogs were set on him, and he was worried till he shook off
+        his torpor and was worked into fury. Then, at a sign from the manager
+        of the games, the dogs were called off, and the man who had murdered
+        his guests was driven forward towards the incensed beast.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The fellow was
+        sullen, and gave no token of fear. He folded his arms, leaned against
+        the marble <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">podium</span></span>, and
+        looked contemptuously around him at the occupants of the tiers of
+        seats.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bear, relieved
+        from his aggressors, seemed indisposed to notice the man.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the
+        spectators roared to the criminal, bidding him invite the brute
+        against himself. It was a strange fact that often in these horrible
+        exhibitions a man condemned to fight with the beasts allowed himself
+        a brief display of vanity, and sought to elicit the applause of the
+        spectators by his daring conduct to the animal that was to mangle and
+        kill him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But the
+        ill-humored fellow would not give this pleasure to the onlookers.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the master of
+        the sports signed to the attend<span class="tei tei-pb" id=
+        "page266">[pg 266]</span><a name="Pg266" id="Pg266" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>ants to goad the bear. They obeyed, and he
+        turned and growled and struck at them, but would not touch the man
+        designed to be hugged by him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After many vain
+        attempts, amidst the hooting and roar of the people, a sign was made.
+        Some gladiators leaped in, and with their swords dispatched the
+        taverner.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The spectators
+        were indignant. They had been shown no sport, only a common
+        execution. They were shivering with cold; some grumbled, and said
+        that this was childish stuff to witness which was not worth the
+        discomfort of the exposure. Then, as with one voice, rose the yell:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“The wolves! send in the wolves! Marcianus to
+        the wolves!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The master of the
+        games dispatched a messenger to the Quatuorvir who was then the
+        acting magistrate. He nodded to what was said, waved his hand in the
+        direction of the master’s box, and the latter sent an attendant to
+        the keeper of the beasts.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The
+        jailer-executioner at once grasped the deacon Falerius Marcianus by
+        the shoulders, bade him descend some steps and enter the arena.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Marcianus was
+        deadly white. He shrank with disgust from the spot where the soil was
+        drenched with the blood of the taverner, and which was not
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page267">[pg 267]</span><a name="Pg267"
+        id="Pg267" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>as yet strewn over with fresh
+        sand. He cast a furtive look at the altar, then made an appealing
+        gesture to the magistrate.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come here, Cneius Marcianus,”</span> said Petronius.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“You belong to a respectable and ancient
+        family. You have been guilty of an infamous deed that has brought
+        disgrace on your entire order. See how many absent themselves this
+        day on that account! Your property is confiscated, you are sentenced
+        to death. Yet I give you one chance. Sacrifice to the gods and
+        blaspheme Christ. I do not promise you life if you do this. You must
+        appeal to the people. If they see you offer incense, they will know
+        that you have renounced the Crucified. Then I will put the question
+        to their decision. If they hold up their thumbs you will live.
+        Consider, it is a chance; it depends, not on me, but on their humor.
+        Will you sacrifice?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Marcianus looked
+        at the mighty hoop of faces. He saw that the vast concourse was
+        thrilled with expectation; a notion crossed the mind of one of the
+        freedmen that Marcianus was being given a means of escape, and he
+        shouted words that, though audible and intelligible to those near,
+        were not to be caught by such as were distant. But the purport of his
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page268">[pg 268]</span><a name="Pg268"
+        id="Pg268" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>address was understood, and
+        produced a deafening, a furious roar of remonstrance.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I will not sacrifice,”</span> said the deacon;
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I am a Christian.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Petronius
+        Atacinus raised his hand, partly to assure the spectators that he was
+        not opposing their wishes, partly as a signal to the master of the
+        games.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Instantly a low
+        door in the barrier was opened, and forth rushed a howling pack of
+        wolves. When they had reached the center of the arena, they stood for
+        a moment snuffing, and looked about them in questioning attitudes.
+        Some, separating from the rest, ran with their snouts against the
+        ground to where the recent blood had been spilt. But, all at once, a
+        huge gray wolf, that led the pack, uttered a howl, and made a rush
+        and a leap towards Marcianus; and the rest followed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The sight was too
+        terrible for the deacon to contemplate it unmoved. He remained but
+        for an instant as one frozen, and then with a cry he started and ran
+        round the ellipse, and the whole gray pack tore after him. Now and
+        then, finding that they gained on him, he turned with threatening
+        gestures that cowed the brutes; but this was for a moment
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page269">[pg 269]</span><a name="Pg269"
+        id="Pg269" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>only. Their red eyes, their
+        gleaming teeth filled the wretched man with fresh terror, and again
+        he ran.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The spectators
+        clapped their hands—some stood up on their seats and laughed in
+        ecstasy of enjoyment. Once, twice he made the circuit of the arena;
+        and his pace, if possible, became quicker. The delight of the
+        spectators became an intoxication. It was exquisite. Fear in the
+        flying man became frantic. His breath, his strength were failing.
+        Then suddenly he halted, half turned, and ran to the foot of the
+        barrier before the seat of the Quatuor-viri, and extended his hand:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“Give me the incense! I worship Nemausus! I
+        adore Augustus! I renounce Christ!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At the same moment
+        the old monster wolf had seized him from behind. The arms of the
+        deacon were seen for an instant in the air. The spectators stamped
+        and danced and cheered—the dense gray mass of writhing, snarling
+        beasts closed over the spot where Marcianus had fallen!</p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page270">[pg 270]</span><a name="Pg270"
+        id="Pg270" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc47" id=
+        "toc47"></a><a name="pdf48" id="pdf48"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XXIII</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">THE CLOUD-BREAK</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The acting
+        magistrate turned to his fellow-quatuorvir, charged with co-ordinate
+        judicial authority, on the left, and said: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Your nose is leaden-purple in hue.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No marvel, in this cold. I ever suffer there with the
+        least frost. My ear lobes likewise are seats of
+        chilblain.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“In this climate! Astonishing! If it had been in Britain,
+        or in Germany, it might have been expected.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“My brother-magistrate,”</span> said Vibius Fuscianus,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I believe that here in the south we are more
+        sensible to frost than are those who live under hyperborean skies.
+        There they expect cold, and take precautions accordingly. Here the
+        blasts fall on us unawares. We groan and sigh till the sun shines
+        out, and then forget our sufferings. Who but fools would be here
+        to-day? Look above. The clouds hang low, and are so dark that we may
+        expect to be pelted with hail.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page271">[pg 271]</span><a name="Pg271" id="Pg271" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Aye,”</span> laughed Petronius, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“as big as the pebbles that strew the Crau wherewith
+        Hercules routed the Ligurians. Well; it is black as an eclipse. I
+        will give thee a hint, Vibius mine! I have made my slave line this
+        marble seat with hot bricks. They are comforting to the spine, the
+        very column of life. Presently he will be here with another supply.
+        You see we are not all fools. Some do make provision against the
+        cold.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I wish I had thought of this before.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is precisely the wish that crossed the mind of the
+        poor wretch whom the wolves have finished. He postponed his
+        renunciation of Christ till just too late.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Lucius
+        Petronius yawned, stretched himself, and signed that the freedman who
+        had robbed the master who had manumitted him, should be delivered to
+        a panther.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The wolves were
+        with difficulty chased out of the arena, and then all was prepared
+        for this next exhibition. It was brief. The beast was hungry, and the
+        criminal exposed made little effort to resist. Next came the turn of
+        Baudillas.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Without raising
+        himself in his seat, the Quatuorvir said languidly: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You broke out of prison, you <span class="tei tei-pb"
+        id="page272">[pg 272]</span><a name="Pg272" id="Pg272" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a>were charged with aiding and abetting sacrilege.
+        You refused to sacrifice to the genius of the Emperor. Well, if you
+        will cast a few grains of incense in the fire, I will let you
+        depart.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot forswear Christ,”</span> said Baudillas with a
+        firmness that surprised none so much as himself. But, indeed, the
+        fall of Marcianus, so far from drawing him along into the same
+        apostasy, had caused a recoil in his soul. To hear his
+        fellow-ministrant deny Christ, to see him extend his hands for the
+        incense—that inspired him with an indignation which gave immense
+        force to his resolution. The Church had been dishonored, the ministry
+        disgraced in Marcianus. Oh, that they might not be thus humbled in
+        himself!</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Baudillas Macer,”</span> said the magistrate,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“take advice, and be speedy in making your
+        election; your fellow, who has just furnished a breakfast to the
+        wolves, hesitated a moment too long, and so lost his life. By the
+        time he had resolved to act as a wise man and a good citizen, not the
+        gods themselves could deliver him. <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">Flamen</span></span>, hand the shell with the
+        grains to this sensible fellow.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot offer sacrifice.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You are guilty of treason against Cæsar if you
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page273">[pg 273]</span><a name="Pg273"
+        id="Pg273" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>refuse to sacrifice to his
+        genius. Never mind about Nemausus, whose image is there. Say—the
+        genius of Cæsar, and you are quit.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am his most obedient subject.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then offer a libation or some frankincense.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot. I pray daily to God for him.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“A wilful man is like a stubborn ass. There is naught for
+        him but the stick. I can do no more. I shall sentence
+        you.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I am ready to die for Christ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then lead him away. The sword!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The deacon bowed.
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I am unworthy of shedding my blood for
+        Christ,”</span> he said, and his voice, though low, was firm.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then he looked
+        around and saw the Bishop Castor in the zone allotted to the citizens
+        and knights. Baudillas crossed his arms on his breast and knelt on
+        the sand, and the bishop, rising from his seat, extended his hand in
+        benediction.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He, Castor, had
+        not been called to sacrifice. He had not courted death, but he had
+        not shrunk from it. He had not concealed himself, nevertheless he had
+        been passed over.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the deacon,
+        with firm step, walked into the center of the arena and knelt
+        down.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page274">[pg
+        274]</span><a name="Pg274" id="Pg274" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In another moment
+        his head was severed from the body.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The attendants
+        immediately removed every trace of the execution, and now arrived the
+        moment for which all had looked with impatience.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The magistrate
+        said: <span class="tei tei-q">“Bring forward Perpetua, daughter of
+        Aulus Harpinius Læto, that has lived.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At once Æmilius
+        sprang into the arena and advanced before Petronius.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Suffer me to act as her advocate,”</span> said he in an
+        agitated voice. <span class="tei tei-q">“You know me, I am Lentulus
+        Varo.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I know you very well by repute, Æmilius,”</span>
+        answered the Quatuorvir; <span class="tei tei-q">“but I think there
+        is no occasion now for your services. This is not a court of justice
+        in which your forensic eloquence can be heard, neither is this a case
+        to be adjudicated upon, and calling for defence. The virgin was
+        chosen by lot to be given to the god Nemausus, and was again demanded
+        by him speaking at midnight, after she had been rescued from his
+        fountain, if I mistake not, by you. Your power of interference ceased
+        there. Now, she is accused of nothing. She is reconsigned to the god,
+        whose she is.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page275">[pg
+        275]</span><a name="Pg275" id="Pg275" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I appeal to Cæsar.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“If I were to allow the appeal, would that avail thy
+        client? But it is no case in which an appeal is justifiable. The god
+        is merciful. He does not exact the life of the damsel, he asks only
+        that she enter into his service and be a priestess at his shrine,
+        that she pour libations before his altar, and strew rose leaves on
+        his fountain. Think you that the Cæsar will interfere in such a
+        matter? Think you that, were it to come before him, he would forbid
+        this? But ask thy client if the appeal be according to her
+        desire.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perpetua shook her
+        head.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No, she is aware that it would be profitless. If thou
+        desirest to serve her, then use thy persuasion and induce her to do
+        sacrifice.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Sir,”</span> said Æmilius in great agitation,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“how can she become the votary of a god in
+        whom she does not believe?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Oh, as to that,”</span> answered the Quatuorvir,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“it is a formality, nothing more; a matter of
+        incense and rose leaves. As to <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">belief</span></span>,”</span> he turned to his
+        fellow-magistrate, and said, laughing, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“listen to this man. He talks of belief, as though that
+        were a necessary ingredient in worship! Thou, with thy <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page276">[pg 276]</span><a name="Pg276" id="Pg276"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>plum-colored nose, hast thou full faith in
+        Æsculapius to cure thee even of a chilblain?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Fuscianus shrugged
+        his shoulders. <span class="tei tei-q">“I hate all meddlers with
+        usages that are customary. I hate them as I do a bit of grit in my
+        salad. I put them away.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The populace
+        became impatient, shouted and stamped. Some, provided with empty
+        gourds, in which were pebbles, rattled them, and made a strange sound
+        as of a hailstorm. Others clacked together pieces of pottery. The
+        magistrate turned to the pontiff on his right and said: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We believe with all our hearts in the gods when we do
+        sacrifice! Oh, mightily, I trow.”</span> Then he laughed again. The
+        priest looked grave for a moment, and then he laughed also.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come now,”</span> said Lucius Petronius to the young
+        lawyer, <span class="tei tei-q">“to this I limit thy interference.
+        Stand by the girl and induce her to yield. By the Bow-bearer! young
+        men do not often fail in winning the consent of girls when they use
+        their best blandishments. It will be a scene for the stage. You have
+        plenty of spectators.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Suffer me also to stand beside her,”</span> said the
+        slave-woman Blanda, who had not left Perpetua.</p><span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page277">[pg 277]</span><a name="Pg277" id="Pg277"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“By all means. And if you two succeed, none will be
+        better content than myself. I am not one who would wish a fair virgin
+        a worse fate than to live and be merry and grow old. Ah me! old
+        age!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again the
+        multitude shouted and rattled pumpkins.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We are detaining the people in the cold,”</span> said
+        the presiding magistrate; <span class="tei tei-q">“the sports move
+        sluggishly as does our blood.”</span> Then, aside to Fuscianus,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“My bricks are becoming sensibly chilled. I
+        require a fresh supply.”</span> Then to the maiden: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Hear me, Perpetua, daughter of Harpinius Læto that
+        was—we and the gods, or the gods and we, are indisposed to deal
+        harshly. Throw a few crumbs of incense on the altar, and you shall
+        pass at once up those steps to the row of seats where sit the
+        white-robed priestesses with their crowns. I shall be well
+        content.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is a thing I cannot do,”</span> said Perpetua
+        firmly.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Then we shall have to make you,”</span> said the
+        magistrate in hard tones. He was angry, vexed. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You will prove more compliant when you have been
+        extended on the rack. Let her be disrobed and
+        tortured.”</span></p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page278">[pg
+        278]</span><a name="Pg278" id="Pg278" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then descended
+        into the arena two young men, who bowed to the magistrate, solicited
+        leave, and drew forth styles or iron pens and tablets covered with
+        wax. These were the scribes of the Church employed everywhere to take
+        down a record of the last interrogatory of a martyr. Such records
+        were called the <span class="tei tei-q">“Acts.”</span> Of them great
+        numbers have been preserved, but unhappily rarely unfalsified. The
+        simplicity of the acts, the stiffness of style, the <a name="corr278"
+        id="corr278" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span class=
+        "tei tei-corr">absence</span> of all miraculous incident, did not
+        suit the taste of mediæval compilers, and they systematically
+        interpolated the earlier acts with harrowing details and records of
+        marvels. Nevertheless, a certain number of these acts remain
+        uncorrupted, and with regard to the rest it is not difficult to
+        separate in them that which is fictitious from that which is genuine.
+        Such notaries were admitted to the trials and executions with as much
+        indifference as would be newspaper reporters nowadays.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again, with the
+        sweat of anguish breaking out on his brow, Æmilius interposed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I pray your mercy,”</span> he said; <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“let the sentence be still further modified. Suffer the
+        damsel to be relieved of becoming a priestess. Let her become my
+        wife, and I swear that I will make over my estate <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page279">[pg 279]</span><a name="Pg279" id="Pg279"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>of Ad Fines to the temple of the god
+        Nemausus, with the villa upon it, and statues and works of
+        art.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is an offer to be entertained by the priesthood and
+        not by me. Boy—hot bricks! and be quick about removing those which
+        have become almost cold.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A pause ensued
+        whilst the proposal of Æmilius was discussed between the chief
+        priestess of the fountain and the Augustal <span lang="la" class=
+        "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">flamen</span></span> and the other pontiffs.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The populace
+        became restless, impatient, noisy. They shouted, hooted; called out
+        that they were tired of seeing nothing.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Come,”</span> said Petronius, <span class="tei tei-q">“I
+        cannot further delay proceedings.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We consent,”</span> said the chief pontiff.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“That is well.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then Æmilius
+        approached Perpetua, and entreated her to give way. To cast a few
+        grains on the charcoal meant nothing; it was a mere movement of the
+        hand, a hardly conscious muscular act, altogether out of comparison
+        with the results. Such compliance would give her life, happiness, and
+        would place her in a position to do vast good, and <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page280">[pg 280]</span><a name="Pg280" id="Pg280"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>he assured her that his whole life would
+        be devoted to her service.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot,”</span> she said, looking Æmilius full in the
+        face. <span class="tei tei-q">“Do not think me ungrateful; my heart
+        overflows for what you have done for me, but I cannot deny my
+        Christ.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again he urged
+        her. Let her consent and he—even he would become a Christian.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“No,”</span> said she, <span class="tei tei-q">“not at
+        that price. You would be in heart for ever estranged from the
+        faith.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“To the rack! Lift her on to the little horse. Domitius
+        Afer left his bequest to the city in order that we should be amused,
+        not befooled,”</span> howled the spectators.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“<a name="corr280" id="corr280" class=
+        "tei tei-anchor"></a><span class="tei tei-corr">Executioners</span>,
+        do your duty,”</span> said the magistrate. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“But if she cry out, let her off. She will sacrifice.
+        Only to the first hole—mind you. If that does not succeed, well,
+        then, we shall try sharper means.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And now the little
+        horse was set up in the midst of the arena, and braziers of glowing
+        charcoal were planted beside it; in the fire rested crooks and
+        pincers to get red hot.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“little horse”</span> was a structure of timber. Two
+        planks were set edgeways with a wheel between <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page281">[pg 281]</span><a name="Pg281" id="Pg281"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>them at each end. The structure stood on
+        four legs, two at each extremity, spreading at the base. Halfway
+        down, between these legs, at the ends, was a roller, furnished with
+        levers that passed through them. A rope was attached to the ankles,
+        another to the wrists of the person extended on the back of the
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“horse,”</span> and this rope was strained
+        over the pulleys by means of the windlasses. The levers could be
+        turned to any extent, so as, if required, to wrench arms and legs
+        from their sockets.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And now ensued a
+        scene that refuses description. <span class="tei tei-q">“We are made
+        a spectacle unto men and angels,”</span> said the apostle, and none
+        could realize how true were the words better than those who lived in
+        times of persecution. Before that vast concourse the modest Christian
+        maiden was despoiled of her raiment and was stretched upon the
+        rack—swung between the planks.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius felt his
+        head swim and his heart contract. What could he do? Again he
+        entreated, but she shook her head, yet turned at his voice and
+        smiled.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then the
+        executioners threw themselves on the levers, and a hush as of death
+        fell on the multitude. Twenty thousand spectators looked on, twice
+        that number of eyes were riveted on the frail girl under<span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page282">[pg 282]</span><a name="Pg282" id="Pg282"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>going this agony. Bets had been made on
+        her constancy, bandied about, taken, and booked. Castor stood up,
+        with face turned to heaven, and extended arms, praying.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The creaking of
+        the windlass was audible; then rang out a sharp cry of pain.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Immediately the
+        cords were relaxed and the victim lowered to the ground. Blanda threw
+        a mantle over her.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“She will sacrifice,”</span> said Æmilius; <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“take off the cords.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The executioners
+        looked to the magistrate. He nodded, and they obeyed. The bonds were
+        rapidly removed from her hands and feet.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Blanda, sustain her!”</span> commanded Æmilius, and he
+        on one side, with his arm round the sinking, quivering form, and the
+        slave-woman on the other, supported Perpetua. Her feet dragged and
+        traced a furrow in the sand; they were numbed and powerless through
+        the tension of the cords that had been knotted about the ankles.
+        Æmilius and Blanda drew her towards the altar.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“I cannot! I will not sacrifice! I am a Christian. I
+        believe in Christ! I love Christ!”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Perpetua,”</span> said Æmilius in agitated tones,
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page283">[pg 283]</span><a name="Pg283"
+        id="Pg283" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span class="tei tei-q">“your
+        happiness and mine depend on compliance. For all I have done for you,
+        if you will not for your own sake—consent to this. Here! I will hold
+        your hand. Nay, it is I who will strew the incense, and make it
+        appear as though it were done by you. Priest! The shell with the
+        grains.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Spare me! I cannot!”</span> gasped the girl, struggling
+        in his arms. <span class="tei tei-q">“I cannot be false to my
+        Christ—for all that He has done for me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“You shall. I must constrain you.”</span> He set his
+        teeth, knitted his brow. All his muscles were set in desperation. He
+        strove to force her hand to the altar.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Shame on thee!”</span> sobbed she. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Thou art more cruel than the torturer, more unjust than
+        the judge.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was so. Æmilius
+        felt that she was right. They did but insult and rack a frail body,
+        and he did violence to the soul within.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The people hooted
+        and roared, and brandished their arms threateningly. <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“We will not be balked! We are being treated to child’s
+        play.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Take her back to the rack. Apply the fire,”</span>
+        ordered the Quatuorvir.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The executioners
+        reclaimed her. She offered no resistance. Æmilius staggered to the
+        <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">podium</span></span> and grasped the marble top
+        with one hand.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page284">[pg
+        284]</span><a name="Pg284" id="Pg284" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She was again
+        suspended on the little horse. Again the windlass creaked. The crowd
+        listened, held its breath, men looked in each other’s eyes, then back
+        to the scene of suffering. Not a sound; not a cry; no, not even a
+        sigh. She bore all.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Try fire!”</span> ordered the magistrate.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Æmilius had
+        covered his face. He trembled. He would have shut his ears as he did
+        his eyes, could he have done so. Verily, the agony of his soul was as
+        great as the torture of her body. But there was naught to be heard—an
+        ominous stillness, only the groaning of the windlass, and now and
+        then a word from one executioner to his fellow.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At every creak of
+        the wheel a quiver went through the frame of Æmilius. He listened
+        with anguish of mind for a cry. The populace held its breath; it
+        waited. There was none. Into her face he dared not look. But the
+        twenty thousand spectators stared—and saw naught save lips moving in
+        prayer.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And now a mighty
+        wonder occurred.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The dense cloud
+        that filled the heavens began softly, soundlessly, to discharge its
+        burden. First came, scarce noticed, sailing down, a few large white
+        flakes like fleeces of wool. Then they came fast, <span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page285">[pg 285]</span><a name="Pg285" id="Pg285"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>faster, ever faster. And now it was as
+        though a white bridal veil had been let down out of heaven to hide
+        from the eyes of the ravening multitude the spectacle of the agony of
+        Christ’s martyr. None could see across the arena; soon none could see
+        obscurely into it. The snowflakes fell thick and dense, they massed
+        as a white cornice on the parapet, they dropped on every head, they
+        whitened the bloodstained, trampled sand. And all fled before the
+        snow. First went a few in twos or threes; then whole rows stood up,
+        and through the vomitories the multitude poured—freedmen, slaves,
+        knights, ladies, <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+        "la"><span style="font-style: italic">flamines</span></span>,
+        magistrates; none could stand against the descending snow.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Cast her down!”</span> This was the last command issued
+        by Petronius as he rose from his seat. The executioners were glad to
+        escape. They relaxed the ropes, and threw their victim on the already
+        white ground.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Still thick and
+        fast fell the fleeces. Blanda had cast a mantle of wool over the
+        prostrate girl, but out of heaven descended a pall, whiter than
+        fuller on earth can bleach, and buried the woolen cloak and the
+        extended quivering limbs. Beside her, in the snow, knelt Æmilius. He
+        held her hand in one of <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page286">[pg
+        286]</span><a name="Pg286" id="Pg286" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>his.
+        She looked him in the face and smiled. Then she said: <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Give to Blanda her liberty.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He could not
+        speak. He signed that it should be so.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then she said:
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“I have prayed for thee—on the rack, in the
+        fire—that the light may shine into thy heart.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">She closed her
+        eyes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Still he held her
+        hand, and with the other gently brushed away the snowflakes as they
+        fell on her pure face. Oh wondrous face! Face above the dream of the
+        highest Greek artist!</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thus passed an
+        hour—thus a second.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then suddenly the
+        clouds parted, and the sun poured down a flood of glory over the
+        dazzling white oval field, in the midst of which lay a heap of
+        whiteness, and on a face as of alabaster, inanimate, and on a
+        kneeling, weeping man, still with reverent finger sweeping away the
+        last snowflakes from eyelash, cheek and hair, and who felt as if he
+        could thus look, and kneel, and weep for ever.<a id="noteref_12"
+        name="noteref_12" href="#note_12"><span class=
+        "tei tei-noteref"><span style=
+        "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">12</span></span></a></p>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="page" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page287">[pg 287]</span><a name="Pg287"
+        id="Pg287" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <a name="toc49" id=
+        "toc49"></a><a name="pdf50" id="pdf50"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em; text-align: center">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">CHAPTER XXIV</span><br />
+        <br />
+        <span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: center"><span style=
+        "font-size: 100%">CREDO</span></span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Many days had
+        passed. All was calm in Nemausus. The games were over.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The day succeeding
+        that we have described was warm and spring-like. The sun shone
+        brilliantly. Every trace of the snow had disappeared, and the
+        water-fight in the amphitheater had surpassed the expectations of the
+        people. They had enjoyed themselves heartily.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">All had returned
+        to its old order. The wool merchant took fresh commands, and sent his
+        travelers into the Cebennæ to secure the winter fleeces. The woman
+        who had the flower-shop sold garlands as fast as she could weave
+        them. The potter spread out a fresh collection of his wares and did a
+        good business with them.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The disturbances
+        that had taken place were no more spoken about. The deaths of
+        Marcianus, Baudillas and Perpetua hardly occupied any thoughts, save
+        only those of their relatives and the Christians.</p><span class=
+        "tei tei-pb" id="page288">[pg 288]</span><a name="Pg288" id="Pg288"
+        class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The general public
+        had seen a show, and the show over, they had other concerns to occupy
+        them.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now both Pedo and
+        Blanda were free, and the long tarrying was over. They had loved when
+        young, they came together in the autumn of their lives.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the heart of
+        the Church of Nemausus there was not forgetfulness of its heroes.</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-tb">
+          &nbsp;
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">If the visitor at
+        the present day to Nîmes will look about him, he will find two
+        churches, both recently rebuilt, in place of, and on the site of,
+        very ancient places of worship, and the one bears the name of St.
+        Baudille. If he inquire of the sacristan, <span class=
+        "tei tei-q">“Mais qui, donc, était-il, ce saint?”</span> then the
+        answer given him will be: <span class="tei tei-q">“Baudillas was a
+        native of Nîmes, a deacon, and a martyr.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">If he ask further,
+        <span class="tei tei-q">“But when?”</span> Then the sacristan will
+        probably reply with a shrug: <span class="tei tei-q">“Mais, monsieur;
+        qui sait?”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In another part of
+        the town is a second church, glowing internally with color from its
+        richly painted windows, and this bears the name of Ste.
+        Perpetue.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page289">[pg
+        289]</span><a name="Pg289" id="Pg289" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Does the visitor
+        desire to be told whether it has been erected in honor and in
+        commemoration of the celebrated African martyrs Felicitas and
+        Perpetua, or of some local virgin saint who shed her blood for
+        Christ, then let him again inquire of the sacristan.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">What his answer
+        will be I cannot say.</p>
+
+        <div class="tei tei-tb">
+          &nbsp;
+        </div>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Bishop Castor
+        remained much in his house. He grieved that he had not been called to
+        witness to the faith that was in him. But he was a humble man, and he
+        said to himself: <span class="tei tei-q">“Such was the will of God,
+        and that sufficeth me.”</span></p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One evening he was
+        informed that a man, who would not give his name, desired to speak
+        with him.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He ordered that he
+        should be introduced.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the visitor
+        entered, Castor recognized Æmilius, but the man was changed. Lines of
+        thought and of sorrow marked his face, that bore other impress as
+        well of the travail of his soul within him. He seemed older, his face
+        more refined than before, there was less of carnal beauty, and
+        something spiritual that shone out of his eyes.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bishop warmly
+        welcomed him.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page290">[pg
+        290]</span><a name="Pg290" id="Pg290" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then said Æmilius
+        in a low tone, <span class="tei tei-q">“I am come to thee for
+        instruction. I know but little, yet what I know of Christ I believe.
+        He is not dead, He liveth; He is a power; mighty is faith, and mighty
+        is the love that He inspires. <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign"
+        xml:lang="la"><span style=
+        "font-style: italic">Credo.</span></span>”</span></p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="tei tei-back" style=
+    "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 6.00em">
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <hr class="doublepage" />
+
+        <div id="footnotes" class="tei tei-div" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+          <a name="toc51" id="toc51"></a>
+
+          <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+          "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+          <span style="font-size: 173%">Footnotes</span></h1>
+
+          <dl class="tei tei-list-footnotes">
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_1" name="note_1" href=
+            "#noteref_1">1.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">So represented in paintings in the
+            Catacombs. There were two distinct types: the table in the Church
+            and the tomb at the Sepulcher of the Martyr.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_2" name="note_2" href=
+            "#noteref_2">2.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">St. Clement of Alexandria complained
+            of the dainties provided for the Agape: <span class=
+            "tei tei-q">“The sauces, cakes, sugar-plums, the drink, the
+            delicacies, the games, the sweetmeats, the honey.”</span> The
+            hour of supper with the Romans was about 2 <span class=
+            "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 75%">P.M.</span></span>;
+            that, therefore, was the time for the love-feast to begin.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_3" name="note_3" href=
+            "#noteref_3">3.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">In the recently-exhumed house of
+            Saints John and Paul, in the Cœlian Hill at Rome, such bottles
+            were discovered in the cellar.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_4" name="note_4" href=
+            "#noteref_4">4.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">Now Ambroix.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_5" name="note_5" href=
+            "#noteref_5">5.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">Certain Christians bought
+            substitutes to sacrifice in their room and receive a ticket
+            (<span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+            "la"><span style="font-style: italic">libellus</span></span>)
+            certifying that they had sacrificed. The Church was a little
+            perplexed how to deal with these timorous members, who were
+            termed <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+            "la"><span style=
+            "font-style: italic">libellatics</span></span>.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_6" name="note_6" href=
+            "#noteref_6">6.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">I employ the term Duumvir for
+            convenience. As already stated, there were four chief
+            magistrates, but two only had criminal jurisdiction.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_7" name="note_7" href=
+            "#noteref_7">7.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext"><span class="tei tei-q">“Erat et
+            robur, locus in carcere, quo præcipitabatur maleficorum genus,
+            quod ante arcis robustis includebatur.”</span>—<span class=
+            "tei tei-hi"><span style=
+            "font-variant: small-caps">Liv.</span></span> 38, 39.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_8" name="note_8" href=
+            "#noteref_8">8.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">The prayer is given in the
+            <span class="tei tei-q">“Apostolic Constitutions,”</span> viii.
+            37.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_9" name="note_9" href=
+            "#noteref_9">9.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">The casting into the lowest pit of
+            the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+            "la"><span style=
+            "font-style: italic">robur</span></span>—sometimes termed the
+            <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang=
+            "la"><span style="font-style: italic">barathrum</span></span>—was
+            not a rare act of barbarity. Jugurtha perished in that of the
+            Tullianum in Rome. <span class="tei tei-q">“By Hercules!”</span>
+            said he as he was being lowered into it, <span class=
+            "tei tei-q">“your bath is cold!”</span> S. Ferreolus, of Vienne,
+            was plunged into this horrible place in <span class=
+            "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 75%">A.D.</span></span> 304.
+            He was young, and by diving or by working at the grating he
+            managed to escape much in the manner described above. Thus
+            through the sewer he reached the Rhône, and swam across it. He
+            was, however, recaptured and taken back to Vienne, where he was
+            decapitated. He is commemorated in the diocese of Vienne on
+            September 18th, and is mentioned by Sidonius Apollinaris in the
+            fifth century, and by Venantius Fortunatus in the sixth. S.
+            Gregory, the illuminator, was cast into the <span lang="la"
+            class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style=
+            "font-style: italic">barathrum</span></span> by Tiridates.
+            Theodoret describes martyrs devoured by rats and mice in Persia
+            (<span class="tei tei-q">“Hist. Eccl.,”</span> v. 39).</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_10" name="note_10"
+            href="#noteref_10">10.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">This sign is now in the museum.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_11" name="note_11"
+            href="#noteref_11">11.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">Fairies, adored at Nemausus.</dd>
+
+            <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_12" name="note_12"
+            href="#noteref_12">12.</a></dt>
+
+            <dd class="tei tei-notetext">The incident of the fall of snow
+            occurring at the martyrdom of a virgin saint is no picture of the
+            author’s imagination. It occurred at the passion of S. Eulalia of
+            Merida, in <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style=
+            "font-size: 75%">A.D.</span></span> 303, and is commemorated in
+            the hymn on her by Prudentius.</dd>
+          </dl>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="doublepage" />
+
+      <div class="boxed tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-top: 5.00em; margin-bottom: 5.00em">
+        <a name="pdf52" id="pdf52"></a><a name="toc53" id="toc53"></a>
+
+        <h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
+        "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
+        <span style="font-size: 173%">Transcriber’s Note</span></h1>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Variations in
+        hyphenation or spelling have not been changed.</p>
+
+        <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Changes, which
+        have been made to the text:</p>
+
+        <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+          <tbody>
+            <tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
+              <th class="tei tei-label"></th>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-item"><a href="#corr055" class=
+              "tei tei-ref">page 55</a>, <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“Nemauscan”</span> changed to <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“Nemausean”</span></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
+              <th class="tei tei-label"></th>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-item"><a href="#corr117" class=
+              "tei tei-ref">page 117</a>, <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“alloted”</span> changed to <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“allotted”</span></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
+              <th class="tei tei-label"></th>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-item"><a href="#corr119" class=
+              "tei tei-ref">page 119</a>, <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“exisiting”</span> changed to <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“existing”</span></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
+              <th class="tei tei-label"></th>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-item"><a href="#corr125" class=
+              "tei tei-ref">page 125</a>, comma removed after <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“Baudillas”</span></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
+              <th class="tei tei-label"></th>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-item"><a href="#corr278" class=
+              "tei tei-ref">page 278</a>, <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“adsence”</span> changed to <span class=
+              "tei tei-q">“absence”</span></td>
+            </tr>
+
+            <tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
+              <th class="tei tei-label"></th>
+
+              <td class="tei tei-item"><a href="#corr280" class=
+              "tei tei-ref">page 280</a>, quote mark added before
+              <span class="tei tei-q">“Executioners”</span></td>
+            </tr>
+          </tbody>
+        </table>
+      </div>
+      <hr class="doublepage" />
+
+      <div class="tei tei-div" style=
+      "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+        <div id="pgfooter" class="tei tei-div" style=
+        "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+          <pre class="pre tei tei-div" style=
+          "margin-top: 3.00em; margin-bottom: 3.00em">
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+</pre>
+          <hr class="doublepage" />
+
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+            <span style="font-size: 173%">Credits</span></h1>
+
+            <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style=
+            "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+              <tbody>
+                <tr>
+                  <th class="tei tei-label tei-label-gloss">December 31,
+                  2014&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
+                </tr>
+
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+                  <td class="tei tei-item tei-item-gloss">
+                    <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list"
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+
+                          <td class="tei tei-item">Project Gutenberg TEI
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+
+<text lang="en">
+<front>
+<div>
+<divGen type="pgheader" />
+</div>
+<div>
+<divGen type="encodingDesc" />
+</div>
+<div rend="page-break-before: always"><pgIf output="html">
+<then><p rend="text-align: center"><figure url="images/cover.jpg"><figDesc>Cover image</figDesc></figure></p></then></pgIf></div>
+<titlePage rend="page-break-before: right; center">
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgi'/>
+<docTitle>
+  <titlePart type="main" rend="font-size: xx-large">PERPETUA</titlePart>
+<lb/><lb/>
+<titlePart type="sub" rend="font-size: x-large">A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213</titlePart>
+</docTitle>
+<lb/><lb/><lb/>
+<byline>BY THE<lb/>
+<docAuthor rend="font-size: large"><hi rend='smallcaps'>Rev.</hi> S. BARING-GOULD, M.A.</docAuthor>
+</byline>
+<lb/><lb/><lb/><lb/>
+<docImprint><pubPlace>NEW YORK</pubPlace><lb/>
+<publisher rend="font-size: large">E. P. DUTTON &amp; COMPANY</publisher><lb/>
+<pubPlace>31 <hi rend='smallcaps'>West Twenty-third Street</hi></pubPlace><lb/>
+<docDate>1897</docDate>
+</docImprint>
+</titlePage>
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgii'/>
+<p rend="center; font-size: small"><hi rend='smallcaps'>Copyright</hi>, 1897, <hi rend='smallcaps'>by</hi><lb/>
+E. P. DUTTON &amp; COMPANY
+</p>
+</div>
+<div type="contents" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='iii'/><anchor id='Pgiii'/>
+<index index="toc"/><index index="pdf"/>
+<head>CONTENTS</head>
+
+<table rend="tblcolumns: 'r lw(36m) r'; latexcolumns: 'rp{4cm}r'">
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><hi rend="font-size: small">CHAPTER</hi></cell>
+<cell></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><hi rend="font-size: small">PAGE</hi></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">I.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Est</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg001">1</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">II. </cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Æmilius</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg014">14</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">III.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Baudillas, the Deacon</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg022">22</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">IV.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>The Utriculares</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg033">33</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">V.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>The Lagoons</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg045">45</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">VI.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>The Passage into Life</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg057">57</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">VII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Oblations</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg068">68</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">VIII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>The Voice at Midnight</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg081">81</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">IX.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Stars in Water</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg093">93</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">X.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Locutus Est!</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg105">105</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XI.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Palanquins</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg117">117</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Reus</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg128">128</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XIII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Ad Fines</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg140">140</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XIV.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>To the Lowest Depth</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg152">152</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XV.</cell>
+<cell><q><hi rend='smallcaps'>Revealed Unto Babes</hi></q></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg165">165</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <pb n='iv'/><anchor id='Pgiv'/><row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XVI.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Doubts and Difficulties</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg177">177</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XVII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Pedo</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg189">189</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XVIII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>In the Citron-house</hi> </cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg204">204</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XIX.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Marcianus</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg218">218</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XX.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>In the Basilica</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg230">230</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXI.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>A Manumission</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg242">242</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>The Arena</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg256">256</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXIII.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>The Cloud-break</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg270">270</ref></cell>
+</row>
+  <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXIV.</cell>
+<cell><hi rend='smallcaps'>Credo</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg287">287</ref></cell>
+</row>
+</table>
+
+</div>
+
+</front>
+<body rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="1"/><anchor id="Pg001"/>
+
+<p rend="center; font-size: xx-large">
+PERPETUA
+</p>
+
+<p rend="center; font-size: large">
+A TALE OF NÎMES IN <hi rend="font-size: medium">A.D.</hi> 213
+</p>
+
+<div type="chapter" n="1">
+<index index="toc" level1="I. Est"/><index index="pdf" level1="I. Est"/>
+<head>CHAPTER I<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">EST</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The Kalends (first) of March.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A brilliant day in the town of Nemausus—the
+modern Nîmes—in the Province of Gallia Narbonensis,
+that arrogated to itself the title of being <hi rend="italic">the</hi>
+province, a title that has continued in use to the
+present day, as distinguishing the olive-growing, rose-producing,
+ruin-strewn portion of Southern France,
+whose fringe is kissed by the blue Mediterranean.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Not a cloud in the nemophyla-blue sky. The sun
+streamed down, with a heat that was unabsorbed, and
+with rays unshorn by any intervenient vapor, as in
+our northern clime. Yet a cool air from the distant
+snowy Alps touched, as with the kiss of a vestal,
+every heated brow, and refreshed it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Alps, though invisible from Nemausus, make
+<pb n="2"/><anchor id="Pg002"/>themselves felt, now in refreshing breezes, then as
+raging icy blasts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The anemones were in bloom, and the roses were
+budding. Tulips spangled the vineyards, and under
+the olives and in the most arid soil, there appeared
+the grape hyacinth and the star of Bethlehem.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the back of the white city stands a rock, the
+extreme limit of a spur of the Cebennæ, forming an
+amphitheatre, the stones scrambled over by blue and
+white periwinkle, and the crags heavy with syringa
+and flowering thorns.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the midst of this circus of rock welled up a
+river of transparent bottle-green water, that filled a
+reservoir, in which circled white swans.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On account of the incessant agitation of the water,
+that rose in bells, and broke in rhythmic waves
+against the containing breastwork, neither were the
+swans mirrored in the surface, nor did the white temple
+of Nemausus reflect its peristyle of channeled
+pillars in the green flood.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This temple occupied one side of the basin; on the
+other, a little removed, were the baths, named after
+Augustus, to which some of the water was conducted,
+after it had passed beyond the precinct within which
+it was regarded as sacred.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="3"/><anchor id="Pg003"/>
+
+<p>
+It would be hard to find a more beautiful scene, or
+see such a gay gathering as that assembled near the
+Holy Fountain on this first day of March.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hardly less white than the swans that dreamily
+swam in spirals, was the balustrade of limestone that
+surrounded the sheet of heaving water. At intervals
+on this breasting stood pedestals, each supporting a
+statue in Carrara marble. Here was Diana in buskins,
+holding a bow in her hand, in the attitude of
+running, her right hand turned to draw an arrow
+from the quiver at her back. There was the Gallic
+god Camulus, in harness, holding up a six-rayed
+wheel, all gilt, to signify the sun. There was a
+nymph pouring water from her urn; again appeared
+Diana contemplating her favorite flower, the white
+poppy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But in the place of honor, in the midst of the
+public walk before the fountain, surrounded by
+acacias and pink-blossomed Judas trees, stood the
+god Nemausus, who was at once the presiding deity
+over the fountain, and the reputed founder of the
+city. He was represented as a youth, of graceful
+form, almost feminine, and though he bore some
+military insignia, yet seemed too girl-like and timid
+to appear in war.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="4"/><anchor id="Pg004"/>
+
+<p>
+The fountain had, in very truth, created the city.
+This marvelous upheaval of a limpid river out of the
+heart of the earth had early attracted settlers to it,
+who had built their rude cabins beside the stream and
+who paid to the fountain divine honors. Around
+it they set up a circle of rude stones, and called the
+place <foreign rend="italic">Nemet</foreign>—that is to say, the Sacred Place. After
+a while came Greek settlers, and they introduced a
+new civilization and new ideas. They at once erected
+an image of the deity of the fountain, and called this
+deity Nemausios. The spring had been female to
+the Gaulish occupants of the settlement; it now became
+male, but in its aspect the deity still bore indications
+of feminine origin. Lastly the place became a
+Roman town. Now beautiful statuary had taken the
+place of the monoliths of unhewn stone that had at
+one time bounded the sacred spring.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On this first day of March the inhabitants of Nemausus
+were congregated near the fountain, all in
+holiday costume.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among them ran and laughed numerous young
+girls, all with wreaths of white hyacinths or of narcissus
+on their heads, and their clear musical voices
+rang as bells in the fresh air.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Yet, jocund as the scene was, to such as looked
+<pb n="5"/><anchor id="Pg005"/>closer there was observable an under-current of alarm
+that found expression in the faces of the elder men
+and women of the throng, at least in those of such
+persons as had their daughters flower-crowned.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Many a parent held the child with convulsive
+clasp, and the eyes of fathers and mothers alike followed
+their darlings with a greed, as though desirous
+of not losing one glimpse, not missing one word, of
+the little creature on whom so many kisses were
+bestowed, and in whom so much love was centered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+For this day was specially dedicated to the founder
+and patron of the town, who supplied it with water
+from his unfailing urn, and once in every seven years
+on this day a human victim was offered in sacrifice to
+the god Nemausus, to ensure the continuance of his
+favor, by a constant efflux of water, pure, cool and
+salubrious.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The victim was chosen from among the daughters
+of the old Gaulish families of the town, and the victim
+was selected from among girls between the ages
+of seven and seventeen. Seven times seven were
+bound to appear on this day before the sacred spring,
+clothed in white and crowned with spring flowers.
+None knew which would be chosen and which rejected.
+The selection was not made by either the
+<pb n="6"/><anchor id="Pg006"/>priests or the priestesses attached to the temple.
+Nor was it made by the magistrates of Nemausus.
+No parent might redeem his child. Chance or destiny
+alone determined who was to be chosen out of
+the forty-nine who appeared before the god.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Suddenly from the temple sounded a blast of
+horns, and immediately the peristyle (colonnade)
+filled with priests and priestesses in white, the former
+with wreaths of silvered olive leaves around their
+heads, the latter crowned with oak leaves of gold
+foil.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The trumpeters descended the steps. The crowd
+fell back, and a procession advanced. First came
+players on the double flute, or syrinx, with red bands
+round their hair. Then followed dancing girls performing
+graceful movements about the silver image
+of the god that was borne on the shoulders of four
+maidens covered with spangled veils of the finest
+oriental texture. On both sides paced priests with
+brazen trumpets.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Before and behind the image were boys bearing
+censers that diffused aromatic smoke, which rose and
+spread in all directions, wafted by the soft air that
+spun above the cold waters of the fountain.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Behind the image and the dancing girls marched
+<pb n="7"/><anchor id="Pg007"/>the priests and priestesses, singing alternately a
+hymn to the god.
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,</q></l>
+<l>Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,</l>
+<l>Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10">Father Nemausus.</l>
+
+</lg><lg>
+<l>Hail, thou Archegos, founder of the city,</l>
+<l>Crowned with oak leaves, cherishing the olive,</l>
+<l>Grapes with thy water annually flushing,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10">Father Nemausus.</l>
+
+
+</lg><lg>
+<l>Thou to the thirsty givest cool refreshment,</l>
+<l>Thou to the herdsman yieldeth yearly increase,</l>
+<l>Thou from the harvest wardest off diseases,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10">Father Nemausus.</l>
+
+
+</lg><lg>
+<l>Seven are the hills on which old Rome is founded,</l>
+<l>Seven are the hills engirdling thy fountain,</l>
+<l>Seven are the planets set in heaven ruling,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10">Father Nemausus.</l>
+
+
+</lg><lg>
+<l>Thou, the perennial, lovest tender virgins,</l>
+<l>Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;</l>
+<l>May thy selection be the best and fittest,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10"><q rend="pre: none">Father Nemausus.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+
+<p>
+Then the priests and priestesses drew up in lines
+between the people and the fountain, and the ædile
+<pb n="8"/><anchor id="Pg008"/>of the city, standing forth, read out from a roll the
+names of seven times seven maidens; and as each
+name was called, a white-robed, flower-crowned child
+fluttered from among the crowd and was received by
+the priestly band.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When all forty-nine were gathered together, then
+they were formed into a ring, holding hands, and
+round this ring passed the bearers of the silver
+image.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now again rose the hymn:
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,</q></l>
+<l>Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,</l>
+<l>Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10"><q rend="pre: none">Father Nemausus.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+And as the bearers carried the image round the
+circle, suddenly a golden apple held by the god, fell
+and touched a graceful girl who stood in the ring.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come forth, Lucilla,</q> said the chief priestess.
+<q>It is the will of the god that thou speak the words.
+Begin.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the damsel loosed her hands from those she
+held, stepped into the midst of the circle and raised
+the golden pippin. At once the entire ring of children
+began to revolve, like a dance of white 
+butter<pb n="9"/><anchor id="Pg009"/>flies in early spring; and as they swung from right
+to left, the girl began to recite at a rapid pace a
+jingle of words in a Gallic dialect, that ran thus:
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="post: none">One and two</q></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4">Drops of dew,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4">Three and four</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="pre: none">Shut the door.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+As she spoke she indicated a child at each
+numeral,
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="post: none">Five and six</q></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4">Pick up sticks,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4">Seven and eight</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="pre: none">Thou must wait.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+Now there passed a thrill through the crowd, and
+the children whirled quicker.
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="post: none">Nine and ten</q></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4">Pass again.</l>
+<l>Golden pippin, lo! I cast,</l>
+<l><q rend="pre: none">Thou, Alcmene, touched at last.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+At the word <q>last</q> she threw the apple and struck
+a girl, and at once left the ring, cast her coronet of
+narcissus into the fountain and ran into the crowd.
+With a gasp of relief she was caught in the arms of
+her mother, who held her to her heart, and sobbed
+<pb n="10"/><anchor id="Pg010"/>with joy that her child was spared. For her, the
+risk was past, as she would be over age when the
+next septennial sacrifice came round.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now it was the turn of Alcmene.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She held the ball, paused a moment, looking about
+her, and then, as the troop of children revolved, she
+rattled the rhyme, and threw the pippin at a damsel
+named Tertiola. Whereupon she in turn cast her
+garland, that was of white violets, into the fountain,
+and withdrew.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again the wreath of children circled and Tertiola
+repeated the jingle till she came to <q>Touched at
+last,</q> when a girl named Ælia was selected, and
+came into the middle. This was a child of seven,
+who was shy and clung to her mother. The mother
+fondled her, and said, <q>My Ælia! Rejoice that thou
+art not the fated victim. The god has surrendered
+thee to me. Be speedy with the verse, and I will
+give thee <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">crustulæ</foreign> that are in my basket.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So encouraged, the frightened child rattled out
+some lines, then halted; her memory had failed, and
+she had to be reminded of the rest. At last she also
+was free, ran to her mother’s bosom and was comforted
+with cakes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A young man with folded arms stood lounging
+<pb n="11"/><anchor id="Pg011"/>near the great basin. He occasionally addressed a
+shorter man, a client apparently, from his cringing
+manner and the set smile he wore when addressing
+or addressed by the other.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>By Hercules!</q> said the first. <q>Or let me rather
+swear by Venus and her wayward son, the Bow-bearer,
+that is a handsome girl yonder, she who is the
+tallest, and methinks the eldest of all. What is her
+name, my Callipodius?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She that looks so scared, O supremity of excellent
+youths, Æmilius Lentulus Varo! I believe that
+she is the daughter and only child of the widow
+Quincta, who lost her husband two years ago, and
+has refused marriage since. They whisper strange
+things concerning her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What things, thou tittle-tattle bearer?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, I bear but what is desired of me. Didst
+thou not inquire of me who the maiden was? I
+have a mind to make no answer. But who can deny
+anything to thee?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>By the genius of Augustus,</q> exclaimed the
+patron, <q>thou makest me turn away my head at thy
+unctuous flattery. The peasants do all their cooking
+in oil, and when their meals be set on the
+table the appetite is taken away, there is too much
+<pb n="12"/><anchor id="Pg012"/>oil. It is so with thy conversation. Come, thy
+news.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I speak but what I feel. But see how the circle
+is shrunk. As to the scandal thou wouldst hear, it
+is this. The report goes that the widow and her
+daughter are infected with a foreign superstition,
+and worship an ass’s head.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>An ass’s head hast thou to hold and repeat such
+lies. Look at the virgin. Didst ever see one more
+modest, one who more bears the stamp of sound
+reason and of virtue on her brow. The next thou
+wilt say is——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That these Christians devour young children.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This is slander, not scandal. By Jupiter Camulus!
+the circle is reduced to four, and she, that fair
+maid, is still in it. There is Quinctilla, the daughter
+of Largus; look at him, how he eyes her with agony
+in his face! There is Vestilia Patercola. I would
+to the gods that the fair—what is her name?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Har——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah!</q> interrupted the patron, uneasily. <q>Quinctilla
+is out.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Her father, Aulus Harpinius——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>See, see!</q> again burst in the youth Æmilius,
+<pb n="13"/><anchor id="Pg013"/><q>there are but two left; that little brown girl, and
+she whom thou namest——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Perpetua.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now arrived the supreme moment—that of the
+final selection. The choosing girl, in whose hand
+was the apple, stood before those who alone remained.
+She began:
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="post: none">One, two</q></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="pre: none">Drops of dew.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+Although there was so vast a concourse present,
+not a sound could be heard, save the voice of the girl
+repeating the jingle, and the rush of the holy water
+over the weir. Every breath was held.
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4"><q rend="post: none">Nine and ten,</q></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 4">Pass again.</l>
+<l>Golden pippin, now I cast,</l>
+<l><q rend="pre: none">Thou, Portumna, touched at last.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+At once the brown girl skipped to the basin, cast
+in her garland, and the high priestess, raising her
+hand, stepped forward, pointed to Perpetua, and
+cried, <q>Est.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="2" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="14"/><anchor id="Pg014"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="II. Æmilius"/><index index="pdf" level1="II. Aemilius"/>
+<head>CHAPTER II<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">ÆMILIUS</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+When the lot had fallen, then a cry rang from
+among the spectators, and a woman, wearing the
+white cloak of widowhood, would have fallen, had
+she not been caught and sustained by a man in a
+brown tunic and <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">lacerna</foreign> (short cloak).
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Be not overcome, lady,</q> said this man in a low
+tone. <q>What thou losest is lent to the Lord.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Baudillas,</q> sobbed the woman, <q>she is my only
+child, and is to be sacrificed to devils.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The devil hath no part in her. She is the
+Lord’s, and the Lord will preserve His own.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Will He give her back to me? Will He deliver
+her from the hands of His enemies?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Lord is mighty even to do this. But I
+say not that it will be done as thou desirest. Put
+thy trust in Him. Did Abraham withhold his son,
+his only son, when God demanded him?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But this is not God, it is Nemausus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nemausus is naught but a creature, a fountain,
+fed by God’s rains. It is the Lord’s doing that the
+<pb n="15"/><anchor id="Pg015"/>lot has fallen thus. It is done to try thy faith, as
+of old the faith of Abraham was tried.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The poor mother clasped her arms, and buried her
+head in them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the girl thrust aside such as interposed and
+essayed to reach her mother. The priestesses laid
+hands on her, to stay her, but she said:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Suffer me to kiss my mother, and to comfort her.
+Do not doubt that I will preserve a smiling countenance.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot permit it,</q> said the high priestess.
+<q>There will be resistance and tears.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And therefore,</q> said the girl, <q>you put drops
+of oil or water into the ears of oxen brought to
+the altars, that they may nod their heads, and so
+seem to express consent. Let me console my
+mother, so shall I be able to go gladly to death.
+Otherwise I may weep, and thereby mar thy sacrifice.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then, with firmness, she thrust through the belt
+of priestesses, and clasped the almost fainting and
+despairing mother to her heart.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Be of good courage,</q> she said. <q>Be like unto
+Felicitas, who sent her sons, one by one, to receive
+the crown, and who—blessed mother that she
+was—<pb n="16"/><anchor id="Pg016"/>encouraged them in their torments to play the man
+for Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But thou art my only child.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And she offered them all to God.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am a widow, and alone.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And such was she.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then said the brown-habited man whom the lady
+had called Baudillas:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Quincta, remember that she is taken from an
+evil world, in which are snares, and that God may
+have chosen to deliver her by this means from some
+great peril to her soul, against which thou wouldst
+have been powerless to protect her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot bear it,</q> gasped the heart-broken
+woman. <q>I have lived only for her. She is my
+all.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Perpetua gently unclasped the arms of her
+mother, who was lapsing into unconsciousness, kissed
+her, and said:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The God of all strength and comfort be to thee
+a strong tower of defence.</q> And hastily returned
+to the basin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The young man who before had noticed Perpetua,
+turned with quivering lip to his companion, and
+said:
+</p>
+
+<pb n="17"/><anchor id="Pg017"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>I would forswear Nemausus—that he should
+exact such a price. Look at her face, Callipodius.
+Is it the sun that lightens it? By Hercules, I could
+swear that it streamed with effulgence from within—as
+though she were one of the gods.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The more beautiful and innocent she be, the
+more grateful is she to the august Archegos!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pshaw!</q> scoffed the young man; his hand
+clutched the marble balustrade convulsively, and the
+blood suffused his brow and cheeks and throat. <q>I
+believe naught concerning these deities. My father
+was a shrewd man, and he ever said that the ignorant
+people created their own gods out of heroes, or the
+things of Nature, which they understood not, being
+beasts.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But tell me, Æmilius—and thou art a profundity
+of wisdom, unsounded as is this spring—what is
+this Nemausus?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The fountain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And how comes the fountain to ever heave with
+water, and never to fail. Verily it lives. See—it
+is as a thing that hath life and movement. If not a
+deity, then what is it?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay—I cannot say. But it is subject to destiny.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="18"/><anchor id="Pg018"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>In what way?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ruled to flow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But who imposed the rule?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Silence! I can think of naught save the innocent
+virgin thus sacrificed to besotted ignorance.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Thou canst not prevent it. Therefore look on,
+as at a show.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot prevent it. I marvel at the magistrates—that
+they endure it. They would not do so were
+it to touch at all those of the upper town. Besides,
+did not the god Claudius——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>They are binding her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She refuses to be bound.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shrieks now rang from the frantic mother, and
+she made desperate efforts to reach her daughter.
+She was deaf to the consolations of Baudillas, and
+to the remonstrances and entreaties of the people
+around her, who pitied and yet could not help her.
+Then said the ædile to his police, <q>Remove the
+woman!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The chief priest made a sign, and at once the
+trumpeters began to bray through their brazen tubes,
+making such a noise as to drown the cries of the
+mother.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I would to the gods I could save her,</q> said
+<pb n="19"/><anchor id="Pg019"/>Æmilius between his teeth. He clenched his hands,
+and his eyes flashed. Then, without well knowing
+what he did, he unloosed his toga, at the same time
+that the priestesses divested Perpetua of her girded
+stole, and revealed her graceful young form in the
+tunic bordered with purple indicative of the nobility
+of the house to which she belonged.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The priest had bound her hands; but Perpetua
+smiled, and shook off the bonds at her feet. <q>Let
+be,</q> she said, <q>I shall not resist.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On her head she still wore a crown of white narcissus.
+Not more fresh and pure were these flowers
+than her delicate face, which the blood had left.
+Ever and anon she turned her eyes in the direction
+of her mother, but she could no longer see her, as
+the attendants formed a ring so compact that none
+could break through.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Elect of the god, bride of Nemausus!</q> said the
+chief priestess, <q>ascend the balustrade of the holy
+perennial fountain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Without shrinking, the girl obeyed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She fixed her eyes steadily on the sky, and then
+made the sacred sign on her brow.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What doest thou?</q> asked the priestess. <q>Some
+witchcraft I trow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="20"/><anchor id="Pg020"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>No witchcraft, indeed,</q> answered the girl. <q>I
+do but invoke the Father of Lights with whom is no
+variableness, neither shadow of turning.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah, Apollo!—he is not so great a god as our
+Nemausus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then at a sign, the trumpeters blew a furious
+bellow and as suddenly ceased. Whereupon to the
+strains of flutes and the tinkling of triangles, the
+choir broke forth into the last verse of the hymn:
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">Thou, the perennial, loving tender virgins,</q></l>
+<l>Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;</l>
+<l>May thy selection be the best and fittest,</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10"><q rend="pre: none">Father Nemausus.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+As they chanted, and a cloud of incense mounted
+around her, Perpetua looked down into the water.
+It was green as glacier ice, and so full of bubbles in
+places as to be there semi-opaque. The depth seemed
+infinite. No bottom was visible. No fish darted
+through it. An immense volume boiled up unceasingly
+from unknown, unfathomed depths. The
+wavelets lapped the marble breasting as though licking
+it with greed expecting their victim.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The water, after brimming the basin, flowed away
+over a sluice under a bridge as a considerable stream.
+<pb n="21"/><anchor id="Pg021"/>Then it lost its sanctity and was employed for profane
+uses.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua heard the song of the ministers of the
+god, but gave no heed to it, for her lips moved in
+prayer, and her soul was already unfurling its pure
+wings to soar into that Presence before which, as she
+surely expected, she was about to appear.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the chorus had reached the line:
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">May thy selection be the best and fittest,</q></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 10"><q rend="pre: none">Father Nemausus!</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+then she was thrust by three priestesses from the balustrade
+and precipitated into the basin. She uttered
+no cry, but from all present a gasp of breath was
+audible.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+For a moment she disappeared in the vitreous
+waters, and her white garland alone remained floating
+on the surface.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then her dress glimmered, next her arm, as the
+surging spring threw her up.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Suddenly from the entire concourse rose a cry of
+astonishment and dismay.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The young man, Æmilius Lentulus Varo, had
+leaped into the holy basin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Why had he so leaped? Why?
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="3" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="22"/><anchor id="Pg022"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="III. Baudillas, the Deacon"/><index index="pdf" level1="III. Baudillas, the Deacon"/>
+<head>CHAPTER III<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The chain of priests and priestesses could not
+restrain the mob, that thrust forward to the great
+basin, to see the result.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Exclamations of every description rose from the
+throng.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He fell in!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, he cast himself in. The god will withdraw
+the holy waters. It was impious. The fountain
+is polluted.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Was it not defiled when a dead tom-cat was
+found in it? Yet the fountain ceased not to flow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The maiden floats!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Why should the god pick out the handsomest
+girl? His blood is ice-cold. She is not a morsel for
+him,</q> scoffed a red-faced senator.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He rises! He is swimming.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He has grappled the damsel.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is striking out! Bene! Bene!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Encourage not the sacrilegious one! Thou
+makest thyself partaker in his impiety!</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="23"/><anchor id="Pg023"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>What will the magistrates do?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Do! Coil up like wood-lice, and uncurl only
+when all is forgotten.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is a Christian.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>His father was a philosopher. He swears by the
+gods.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is an atheist.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>See! See! He is sustaining her head.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She is not dead; she gasps.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Body of Bacchus! how the water boils. The
+god is wroth.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Bah! It boils no more now than it did yesterday.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the ice-green water could be seen the young
+man with nervous arms striking out. He held up
+the girl with one arm. The swell of the rising
+volumes of water greatly facilitated his efforts. Indeed
+the upsurging flood had such force, that to die
+by drowning in it was a death by inches, for as often
+as a body went beneath the surface, it was again
+propelled upwards.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In a minute he was at the breastwork, had one
+hand on it, then called: <q>Help, some one, to lift
+her out!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thereupon the man clothed in brown wool put
+<pb n="24"/><anchor id="Pg024"/>down his arms, clasped the half-conscious girl and
+raised her from the water. Callipodius assisted, and
+between them she was lifted out of the basin. The
+priests and priestesses remonstrated with loud cries.
+But some of the spectators cheered. A considerable
+portion of the men ranged themselves beside the two
+who had the girl in their arms, and prevented the
+ministers of Nemausus from recovering Perpetua
+from the hands of her rescuers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The men of the upper town—Greek colonists, or
+their descendants—looked superciliously and incredulously
+on the cult of the Gallic deity of the fountain.
+It was tolerated, but laughed at, as something
+that belonged to a class of citizens that was below
+them in standing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In another moment Æmilius Lentulus had thrown
+himself upon the balustrade, and stood facing the
+crowd, dripping from every limb, but with a laughing
+countenance.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Seeing that the mob was swayed by differing currents
+of feeling and opinion, knowing the people
+with whom he had to do, he stooped, whispered
+something into the ear of Callipodius; then, folding
+his arms, he looked smilingly around at the tossing
+crowd, and no sooner did he see his opportunity
+<pb n="25"/><anchor id="Pg025"/>than, unclasping his arms, he assumed the attitude
+of an orator, and cried:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Men and brethren of the good city of Nemausus!
+I marvel at ye, that ye dare to set at naught
+the laws of imperial and eternal Rome. Are ye not
+aware that the god Claudius issued an edict with
+special application to Gaul, that forever forbade
+human sacrifices? Has that edict been withdrawn?
+I have myself seen and read it graven in brass on
+the steps of the Capitoline Hill at Rome. So long
+as that law stands unrepealed ye are transgressors.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The edict has fallen into desuetude, and desuetude
+abrogates a law!</q> called one man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Is it so? How many have suffered under Nero,
+under Caius, because they transgressed laws long
+forgotten? Let some one inform against the priesthood
+of Nemausus and carry the case to Rome.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A stillness fell on the assembly. The priests
+looked at one another.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But see!</q> continued Æmilius, <q>I call you to
+witness this day. The god himself rejects such
+illegal offerings. Did you not perceive how he
+spurned the virgin from him when ye did impiously
+cast her into his holy urn? Does he not sustain
+<pb n="26"/><anchor id="Pg026"/>life with his waters, and not destroy it? Had he
+desired the sacrifice then would he have gulped it
+down, and you would have seen the maiden no more.
+Not so! He rejected her; with his watery arms he
+repelled her. Every crystal wave he cast up was a
+rejection. I saw it, and I leaped in to deliver the
+god from the mortal flesh that he refused. I appeal
+to you all again. To whom did the silver image
+cast the apple? Was it to the maiden destined to
+die? Nay, verily, it was to her who was to live.
+The golden pippin was a fruit of life, whereby he
+designated such as he willed to live. Therefore, I
+say that the god loveth life and not death. Friends
+and citizens of Nemausus, ye have transgressed the
+law, and ye have violated the will of the divine
+Archegos who founded our city and by whose largess
+of water we live.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then one in the crowd shouted: <q>There is a
+virgin cast yearly from the bridge over the Rhodanus
+at Avenio.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye! and much doth that advantage the bridge
+and the city. Did not the floods last November
+carry away an arch and inundate an entire quarter
+of the town? Was the divine river forgetful that he
+had received his obligation, or was he ungrateful
+<pb n="27"/><anchor id="Pg027"/>for the favor? Naught that is godlike can be
+either.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He demanded another life.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay! He was indignant that the fools of
+Avenio should continue to treat him as though he
+were a wild beast that had to be glutted, and not
+as a god. All you parents that fear for your children!
+Some of you have already lost your daughters,
+and have trembled for them; combine, and
+with one voice proclaim that you will no more suffer
+this. Look to the urn of the divine Nemausus. See
+how evenly the ripples run. Dip your fingers in the
+water and feel how passionless it is. Has he blown
+forth a blast of seething water and steam like the
+hot springs of Aquæ Sextiæ? Has his fountain
+clouded with anger? Was the god powerless to
+avenge the act when I plunged in? If he had
+desired the death of the maiden would he have suffered
+me, a mortal, to pluck her from his gelid lips?
+Make room on Olympus, O ye gods, and prepare a
+throne for Common Sense, and let her have domain
+over the minds of men.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is no such god,</q> called one in the
+crowd.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ye know her not, so besotted are ye.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="28"/><anchor id="Pg028"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>He blasphemes, he mocks the holy and immortal
+ones.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is ye who mock them when ye make of them
+as great clowns as yourselves. The true eternal gods
+laugh to hear me speak the truth. Look at the sun.
+Look at the water, with its many twinkling smiles.
+The gods approve.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Whilst the young man thus harangued and
+amused the populace, Baudillas and Quincta, assisted
+by two female slaves of the latter, removed the
+drenched, dripping, and half-drowned girl. They
+bore her with the utmost dispatch out of the crowd
+down a sidewalk of the city gardens to a bench, on
+which they laid her, till she had sufficiently recovered
+to open her eyes and recognize those who surrounded
+her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then said the widow to one of the servants:
+<q>Run, Petronella, and bid the steward send porters
+with a litter. We must convey Perpetua as speedily
+as possible from hence, lest there be a riot, and the
+ministers of the devil stir up the people to insist
+upon again casting her into the water.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>By your leave, lady,</q> said Baudillas, <q>I would
+advise that, at first, she should not be conveyed to
+your house, but to mine. It is probable, should
+<pb n="29"/><anchor id="Pg029"/>that happen which you fear, that the populace may
+make a rush to your dwelling, in their attempt to get
+hold of the lady, your daughter. It were well that
+she remained for a while concealed in my house.
+Send for the porters to bring the litter later, when
+falls the night.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are right,</q> said Quincta. <q>It shall be so.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As in the Acts of the Blessed Apostles it is related
+that the craftsmen who lived by making silver
+shrines for Diana stirred up the people of Ephesus,
+so may it be now. There are many who get their
+living by the old religion, many whose position and
+influence depend on its maintenance, and such will
+not lightly allow a slight to be cast on their superstitions
+like as has been offered this day. But by
+evenfall we shall know the humor of the people.
+Young lady, lean on my arm and let me conduct
+thee to my lodging. Thou canst there abide till it
+is safe for thee to depart.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the brown-habited man took the maiden’s
+arm.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas was a deacon of the Church in Nemausus—a
+man somewhat advanced in life. His humility,
+and, perhaps, also his lack of scholarship, prevented
+his aspiring to a higher office; moreover, he
+<pb n="30"/><anchor id="Pg030"/>was an admirable minister of the Church as deacon,
+at a period when the office was mainly one of keeping
+the registers of the sick and poor, and of distributing
+alms among such as were in need.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon was the treasurer of the Church, and
+he was a man selected for his business habits and
+practical turn of mind. By his office he was more
+concerned with the material than the spiritual distresses
+of men. Nevertheless, he was of the utmost
+value to the bishops and presbyters, for he was their
+feeler, groping among the poorest, entering into the
+worst haunts of misery and vice, quick to detect
+tokens of desire for better things, and ready to make
+use of every opening for giving rudimentary instruction.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Those who occupied the higher grades in the
+Church, even at this early period, were, for the most
+part, selected from the cultured and noble classes;
+not that the Church had respect of persons, but because
+of the need there was of possessing men who
+could penetrate into the best houses, and who, being
+related to the governing classes, might influence the
+upper strata of society, as well as that which was
+below. The great houses with their families of
+slaves in the city, and of servile laborers on their
+<pb n="31"/><anchor id="Pg031"/>estates, possessed vast influence for good or evil. A
+believing master could flood a whole population that
+depended on him with light, and was certain to treat
+his slaves with Christian humanity. On the other
+hand, it occasionally happened that it was through
+a poor slave that the truth reached the heart of a
+master or mistress.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas led the girl, now shivering with cold,
+from the garden, and speedily reached a narrow
+street. Here the houses on each side were lofty,
+unadorned, and had windows only in the upper
+stories, arched with brick and unglazed. In cold
+weather they were closed with shutters.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The pavement of the street was of cobble-stones
+and rough. No one was visible; no sound issued
+from the houses, save only from one whence came
+the rattle of a loom; and a dog chained at a door
+barked furiously as the little party went by.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This is the house,</q> said Baudillas, and he struck
+against a door.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After some waiting a bar was withdrawn within,
+and the door, that consisted of two valves, was
+opened by an old, slightly lame slave.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pedo,</q> said the deacon, <q>has all been well?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>All is well, master,</q> answered the man.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="32"/><anchor id="Pg032"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Enter, ladies,</q> said Baudillas. <q>My house is
+humble and out of repair, but it was once notable.
+Enter and rest you awhile. I will bid Pedo search
+for a change of garments for Perpetua.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hark,</q> exclaimed Quincta, <q>I hear a sound like
+the roar of the sea.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is the voice of the people. It is a roar like
+that for blood, that goes up from the amphitheater.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="4" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="33"/><anchor id="Pg033"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="IV. The Utriculares"/><index index="pdf" level1="IV. The Utriculares"/>
+<head>CHAPTER IV<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE UTRICULARES</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The singular transformation that had taken place
+in the presiding deity of the fountain, from being a
+nymph into a male god, had not been sufficiently
+complete to alter the worship of the deity. As in
+the days of Druidism, the sacred source was under
+the charge of priestesses, and although, with the
+change of sex of the deity, priests had been appointed
+to the temple, yet they were few, and occupied a
+position of subordination to the chief priestess. She
+was a woman of sagacity and knowledge of human
+nature. She perceived immediately how critical
+was the situation. If Æmilius Lentulus were allowed
+to proceed with his speech he would draw to him the
+excitable Southern minds, and it was quite possible
+might provoke a tumult in which the temple would
+be wrecked. At the least, his words would serve
+to chill popular devotion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The period when Christianity began to radiate
+through the Roman world was one when the
+tradi<pb n="34"/><anchor id="Pg034"/>tional paganism with its associated rights, that had
+contented a simpler age, had lost its hold on the
+thoughtful and cultured. Those who were esteemed
+the leaders of society mocked at religion, and although
+they conformed to its ceremonial, did so
+with ill-disguised contempt. At their tables, before
+their slaves, they laughed at the sacred myths related
+of the gods, as absurd and indecent, and the slaves
+thought it became them to affect the same incredulity
+as their masters. Sober thinkers endeavored
+to save some form of religion by explaining away
+the monstrous legends, and attributing them to the
+wayward imagination of poets. The existence of
+the gods they admitted, but argued that the gods
+were the unintelligent and blind forces of nature;
+or that, if rational, they stood apart in cold exclusiveness
+and cared naught for mankind. Many threw
+themselves into a position of agnosticism. They
+professed to believe in nothing but what their senses
+assured them did exist, and asserted that as there
+was no evidence to warrant them in declaring that
+there were gods, they could not believe in them;
+that moreover, as there was no revelation of a moral
+law, there existed no distinction between right and
+wrong. Therefore, the only workable maxim on
+<pb n="35"/><anchor id="Pg035"/>which to rule life was: <q>Let us eat and drink, for
+to-morrow we may die.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Over all men hung the threatening cloud of death.
+All must undergo the waning of the vital powers,
+the failure of health, the withering of beauty, the
+loss of appetite for the pleasure of life, or if not the
+loss of appetite, at least the faculty for enjoyment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There was no shaking off the oppressive burden,
+no escape from the gathering shadow. Yet, just as
+those on the edge of a precipice throw themselves
+over, through giddiness, so did men rush on self-destruction
+in startling numbers and with levity,
+because weary of life, and these were precisely such
+as had enjoyed wealth to the full and had run
+through the whole gamut of pleasures.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+What happened after death? Was there any continuance
+of existence?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Men craved to know. They felt that life was too
+brief altogether for the satisfaction of the aspirations
+of their souls. They ran from one pleasure
+to another without filling the void within.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Consequently, having lost faith in the traditional
+religion—it was not a creed—itself a composite out
+of some Latin, some Etruscan, and some Greek myth
+and cult, they looked elsewhere for what they
+re<pb n="36"/><anchor id="Pg036"/>quired. Consciences, agonized by remorse, sought
+expiation in secret mysteries, only to find that they
+afforded no relief at all. Minds craving after faith
+plunged into philosophic speculations that led to
+nothing but unsolved eternal query. Souls hungering,
+thirsting after God the Ideal of all that is Holy
+and pure and lovable, adopted the strange religions
+imported from the East and South; some became
+votaries of the Egyptian Isis and Serapis, others of
+the Persian Mithras—all to find that they had pursued
+bubbles.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the midst of this general disturbance of old
+ideas, in the midst of a widespread despair, Christianity
+flashed forth and offered what was desired by
+the earnest, the thoughtful, the down-trodden and
+the conscience-stricken—a revelation made by the
+Father of Spirits as to what is the destiny of man,
+what is the law of right and wrong, what is in store
+for those who obey the law; how also pardon might
+be obtained for transgression, and grace to restore
+fallen humanity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Christianity meeting a wide-felt want spread
+rapidly, not only among the poor and oppressed, but
+extensively among the cultured and the noble. All
+connected by interest, or prejudiced by association
+<pb n="37"/><anchor id="Pg037"/>with the dominant and established paganism, were
+uneasy and alarmed. The traditional religion was
+honeycombed and tottering to its fall, and how it
+was to be revived they knew not. That it would be
+supplanted by the new faith in Christ was what they
+feared.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The chief priestess of Nemausus knew that in the
+then condition of minds an act of overt defiance
+might lead to a very general apostasy. It was to her
+of sovereign importance to arrest the movement at
+once, to silence Æmilius, to have him punished for
+his act of sacrilege, and to recover possession of
+Perpetua.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She snatched the golden apple from the hand of
+the image, and, giving it to an attendant, said: <q>Run
+everywhere; touch and summon the Cultores Nemausi.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The girl did as commanded. She sped among
+the crowd, and, with the pippin, touched one, then
+another, calling: <q>Worshippers of Nemausus, to the
+aid of the god!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The result was manifest at once. It was as though
+an electrical shock had passed through the multitude.
+Those touched and those who had heard the
+summons at once disengaged themselves from the
+<pb n="38"/><anchor id="Pg038"/>crush, drew together, and ceased to express their
+individual opinions. Indeed, such as had previously
+applauded the sentiments of Æmilius, now assumed
+an attitude of disapprobation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Rapidly men rallied about the white-robed priestesses,
+who surrounded the silver image.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To understand what was taking place it is necessary
+that a few words should be given in explanation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Roman population of the towns—not in Italy
+only, but in all the Romanized provinces, banded
+itself in colleges or societies very much like our
+benefit clubs. Those guilds were very generally
+under the invocation of some god or goddess, and
+those who belonged to them were entitled <q>Cultores</q>
+or worshippers of such or such a deity. These
+clubs had their secretaries and treasurers, their places
+of meeting, their common chests, their feasts, and
+their several constitutions. Each society made provision
+for its members in time of sickness, and furnished
+a dignified funeral in the club Columbarium,
+after which all sat down to a funeral banquet in the
+supper room attached to the cemetery. These colleges
+or guilds enjoyed great privileges, and were
+protected by the law.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At a time when a political career was closed
+<pb n="39"/><anchor id="Pg039"/>to all but such as belonged to the governing class,
+the affairs of these clubs engrossed the attention of
+the members and evoked great rivalry and controversies.
+One admirable effect of the clubs was the
+development of a spirit of fellowship among the
+members, and another was that it tended in a measure
+to break down class exclusiveness. Men of rank
+and wealth, aware of the power exercised by these
+guilds, eagerly accepted the offices of patron to them,
+though the clubs might be those of cord-wainers,
+armorers or sailmakers. And those who were ordinary
+members of a guild regarded their patrons with
+affection and loyalty. Now that the signal had been
+sent round to rally the Cultores Nemausi, every
+member forgot his private feeling, sank his individual
+opinion, and fell into rank with his fellows,
+united in one common object—the maintenance by
+every available man, and at every sacrifice, of the
+respect due to the god.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+These Cultores Nemausi at once formed into
+organized bodies under their several officers, in face
+of a confused crowd that drifted hither and thither
+without purpose and without cohesion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius found himself no longer hearkened to.
+To him this was a matter of no concern. He had
+<pb n="40"/><anchor id="Pg040"/>sought to engage attention only so as to withdraw
+it from Perpetua and leave opportunity for her
+friends to remove her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now that this object was attained, he laughingly
+leaped from the balustrade and made as though he
+was about to return home.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But at once the chief priestess saw his object, and
+cried: <q>Seize him! He blasphemes the god, founder
+of the city. He would destroy the college. Let
+him be conveyed into the temple, that the Holy
+One may there deal with him as he wills.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Prefect of Police, whose duty it was to keep
+order, now advanced with the few men he had
+deemed necessary to bring with him, and he said in
+peremptory tone:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We can suffer no violence. If he has transgressed
+the law, let him be impeached.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir,</q> answered the priestess, <q>we will use no
+violence. He has insulted the majesty of the god.
+He has snatched from him his destined and devoted
+victim. Yet we meditate no severe reprisals. All
+I seek is that he may be brought into the presence
+of the god in the adytum, where is a table spread
+with cakes. Let him there sprinkle incense on the
+fire and eat of the cakes. Then he shall go free.
+<pb n="41"/><anchor id="Pg041"/>If the god be wroth, he will manifest his indignation.
+But if, as I doubt not, he be placable, then shall this
+man depart unmolested.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Against this I have naught to advance,</q> said the
+prefect.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But one standing by whispered him: <q>Those cakes
+are not to be trusted. I have heard of one who ate
+and fell down in convulsions after eating.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is a matter between the god and Æmilius
+Varo. I have done my duty.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the confraternity of the Cultores Nemausi
+spread itself so as to encircle the place and include
+Æmilius, barring every passage. He might, doubtless,
+have escaped had he taken to his heels at the
+first summons of the club to congregate, but he had
+desired to occupy the attention of the people as long
+as possible, and it did not comport with his self-respect
+to run from danger.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Throwing over him the toga which he had cast
+aside when he leaped into the pond, he thrust one
+hand into his bosom and leisurely strode through
+the crowd, waving them aside with the other hand,
+till he stopped by the living barrier of the worshippers
+of Nemausus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You cannot pass, sir,</q> said the captain of that
+<pb n="42"/><anchor id="Pg042"/>party which intercepted his exit. <q>The chief
+priestess hath ordered that thou appear before the
+god in his cella and then do worship and submit
+thyself to his will.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And how is that will to be declared?</q> asked the
+young man, jestingly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir! thou must eat one of the dedicated placenta.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have heard of these same cakes and have no
+stomach for them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nevertheless eat thou must.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What if I will not?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then constraint will be used. The prefect has
+given his consent. Who is to deliver thee?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Who! Here come my deliverers!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A tramp of feet was audible.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Instantly Æmilius ran back to the balustrade,
+leaped upon it, and, waving his arm, shouted:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To my aid, Utriculares! But use no violence.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Instantly with a shout a dense body of men that
+had rolled into the gardens dashed itself against the
+ring of Cultores Nemausi. They brandished marlin
+spikes and oars to which were attached inflated goat-skins
+and bladders. These they whirled around
+<pb n="43"/><anchor id="Pg043"/>their heads and with them they smote to the left
+and to the right. The distended skins clashed against
+such as stood in opposition, and sent them reeling
+backward; whereat the lusty men wielding the wind-bags
+thrust their way as a wedge through their ranks.
+The worshippers of Nemausus swore, screamed,
+remonstrated, but were unable to withstand the
+onslaught. They were beaten back and dispersed
+by the whirling bladders.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The general mob roared with laughter and cheered
+the boatmen who formed the attacking party. Cries
+of <q>Well done, Utriculares! That is a fine delivery,
+Wind-bag-men! Ha, ha! A hundred to five on the
+Utriculares! You are come in the nick of time,
+afore your patron was made to nibble the poisoned
+cakes.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The men armed with air-distended skins did harm
+to none. Their weapons were calculated to alarm
+and not to injure. To be banged in the face with a
+bladder was almost as disconcerting as to be smitten
+with a cudgel, but it left no bruise, it broke no bone,
+and the man sent staggering by a wind-bag was received
+in the arms of those in rear with jibe or laugh
+and elicited no compassion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Utriculares speedily reached Æmilius, gave
+<pb n="44"/><anchor id="Pg044"/>vent to a cheer; they lifted him on their shoulders,
+and, swinging the inflated skins and shouting,
+marched off, out of the gardens, through the Forum,
+down the main street of the lower town unmolested,
+under the conduct of Callipodius.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="5" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="45"/><anchor id="Pg045"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="V. Tha Lagoons"/><index index="pdf" level1="V. Tha Lagoons"/>
+<head>CHAPTER V<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE LAGOONS</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The men who carried and surrounded Æmilius
+proceeded in rapid march, chanting a rhythmic song,
+through the town till they emerged on a sort of quay
+beside a wide-spreading shallow lagoon. Here were
+moored numerous rafts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Now, sir,</q> said one of the men, as Æmilius
+leaped to the ground, <q>if you will take my advice,
+you will allow us to convey you at once to Arelate.
+This is hardly a safe place for you at present.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I must thank you all, my gallant fellows, for
+your timely aid. But for you I should have been
+forced to eat of the dedicated cakes, and such as are
+out of favor with the god—or, rather, with the priesthood
+that lives by him, as cockroaches and black
+beetles by the baker—such are liable to get stomach
+aches, which same stomach aches convey into the
+land where are no aches and pains. I thank you
+all.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, sir, we did our duty. Are not you patron
+of the Utriculares?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="46"/><anchor id="Pg046"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am your patron assuredly, as you did me the
+honor to elect me. If I have lacked zeal to do you
+service in time past, henceforward be well assured
+I will devote my best energies to your cause.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We are beholden to you, sir.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I to you—the rather.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perhaps the reader will desire to understand who
+the wind-bag men were who had hurried to the
+rescue of Æmilius. For the comprehension of this
+particular, something must be said relative to the
+physical character of the country.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The mighty Rhône that receives the melted snows
+of the southern slope of the Bernese Oberland and
+the northern incline of the opposed Pennine Alps
+receives also the drain of the western side of the
+Jura, as well as that of the Graian and Cottian Alps.
+The Durance pours in its auxiliary flood below
+Avignon.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After a rapid thaw of snow, or the breaking of
+charged rain clouds on the mountains, these rivers
+increase in volume, and as the banks of the Rhône
+below the junction of the Durance and St. Raphael
+are low, it overflows and spreads through the flat
+alluvial delta. It would be more exact to say that
+it was wont to overflow, rather than that it does so
+<pb n="47"/><anchor id="Pg047"/>now. For at present, owing to the embankments
+thrown up and maintained at enormous cost, the
+Rhône can only occasionally submerge the low-lying
+land, whereas anciently such floods were periodical
+and as surely expected as those of the Nile.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The overflowing Rhône formed a vast region of
+lagoons that extended from Tarascon and Beaucaire
+to the Gulf of Lyons, and spread laterally over the
+Crau on one side to Nîmes on the other. Nîmes
+itself stood on its own river, the Vistre, but this fed
+marshes and <q>broads</q> that were connected with the
+tangle of lagoons formed by the Rhône.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Arelate, the great emporium of the trade between
+Gaul and Italy, occupied a rocky islet in the midst
+of water that extended as far as the eye could reach.
+This tract of submerged land was some sixty miles in
+breadth by forty in depth, was sown with islets of
+more or less elevation and extent. Some were bold,
+rocky eminences, others were mere rubble and sand-banks
+formed by the river. Arelate or Arles was
+accessible by vessels up and down the river or by
+rafts that plied the lagoons, and by the canal constructed
+by Marius, that traversed them from Fossoe
+Marino. As the canal was not deep, and as the current
+of the river was strong, ships were often unable
+<pb n="48"/><anchor id="Pg048"/>to ascend to the city through these arteries, and had
+to discharge their merchandise on the coast upon
+rafts that conveyed it to the great town, and when
+the floods permitted, carried much to Nemausus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As the sheets of water were in places and at
+periods shallow, the rafts were made buoyant, though
+heavily laden, by means of inflated skins and bladders
+placed beneath them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As the conveyance of merchandise engaged a
+prodigious number of persons, the raftsmen had
+organized themselves into the guild of Utriculares,
+or Wind-bag men, and as they became not infrequently
+involved in contests with those whose interests
+they crossed, and on whose privileges they
+infringed, they enlisted the aid of lawyers to act as
+their patrons, to bully their enemies, and to fight
+their battles against assailants. Among the numerous
+classic monumental inscriptions that remain in
+Provence, there are many in which a man of position
+is proud to have it recorded that he was an honorary
+member of the club of the inflated-skin men.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nemausus owed much of its prosperity to the
+fact that it was the trade center for wool and for
+skins. The Cevennes and the great limestone
+plateaux that abut upon them nourished countless
+<pb n="49"/><anchor id="Pg049"/>herds of goats and flocks of sheep, and the dress
+of everyone at the period being of wool the demand
+for fleeces was great; consequently vast quantities of
+wool were brought from the mountains of Nîmes,
+whence it was floated away on rafts sustained by the
+skins that came from the same quarter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The archipelago that studded the fresh-water sea
+was inhabited by fishermen, and these engaged in
+the raft-carriage. The district presented a singular
+contrast of high culture and barbarism. In Arles,
+Nîmes, Narbonne there was a Greek element. There
+was here and there an infusion of Phœnician blood.
+The main body of the people consisted of the dusky
+Ligurians, who had almost entirely lost their language,
+and had adopted that of their Gaulish conquerors,
+the Volex. These latter were distinguished
+by their fair hair, their clear complexions, their
+stalwart frames. Another element in the composite
+mass was that of the colonists. After the battle of
+Actium, Augustus had rewarded his Egypto-Greek
+auxiliaries by planting them at Nemausus, and giving
+them half the estates of the Gaulish nobility.
+To these Greeks were added Roman merchants,
+round-headed, matter-of-fact looking men, destitute
+of imagination, but full of practical sense.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="50"/><anchor id="Pg050"/>
+
+<p>
+These incongruous elements that in the lapse of
+centuries have been fused, were, at the time of this
+tale, fairly distinct.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are in the right, my friends,</q> said Æmilius.
+<q>The kiln is heated too hot for comfort. It would
+roast me. I will go even to Arelate, if you will be
+good enough to convey me thither.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>With the greatest of pleasure, sir.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius had an office at Arles. He was a lawyer,
+but his headquarters were at Nemausus, to which
+town he belonged by birth. He represented a good
+family, and was descended from one of the colonists
+under Agrippa and Augustus. His father was dead,
+and though he was not wealthy, he was well off, and
+possessed a villa and estates on the mountain sides,
+at some distance from the town. In the heats of
+summer he retired to his villa.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On this day of March there had been a considerable
+gathering of raftsmen at Nemausus, who had
+utilized the swollen waters in the lagoons for the
+conveyance of merchandise.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius stepped upon a raft that seemed to be
+poised on bubbles, so light was it on the surface of
+the water, and the men at once thrust from land with
+their poles.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="51"/><anchor id="Pg051"/>
+
+<p>
+The bottom was everywhere visible, owing to the
+whiteness of the limestone pebbles and the sand that
+composed it, and through the water darted innumerable
+fish. The liquid element was clear. Neither
+the Vistre nor the stream from the fountain brought
+down any mud, and the turbid Rhône had deposited
+all its sediment before its waters reached and mingled
+with those that flowed from the Cebennæ. There
+was no perceptible current. The weeds under water
+were still, and the only thing in motion were the
+darting fish.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The raftmen were small, nimble fellows, with
+dark hair, dark eyes and pleasant faces. They
+laughed and chatted with each other over the incident
+of the rescue of their patron, but it was in their
+own dialect, unintelligible to Æmilius, to whom
+they spoke in broken Latin, in which were mingled
+Greek words.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now and then they burst simultaneously into a
+wailing chant, and then interrupted their song to
+laugh and gesticulate and mimic those who had been
+knocked over by their wind-bags.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As Æmilius did not understand their conversation
+and their antics did not amuse him, he lay on
+the raft upon a wolfskin that had been spread over
+<pb n="52"/><anchor id="Pg052"/>the timber, looking dreamily into the water and at
+the white golden flowers of the floating weeds
+through which the raft was impelled. The ripples
+caused by the displacement of the water caught and
+flashed the sun in his eyes like lightning.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His mind reverted to what had taken place, but
+unlike the raftmen he did not consider it from its
+humorous side. He wondered at himself for the
+active part he had taken. He wondered at himself
+for having acted without premeditation. Why had
+he interfered to save the life of a girl whom he had
+not known even by name? Why had he been so
+indiscreet as to involve himself in a quarrel with his
+fellow-citizens in a matter in no way concerning
+him? What had impelled him so rashly to bring
+down on himself the resentment of an influential
+and powerful body?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The youth of Rome and of the Romanized provinces
+was at the time of the empire very blasé. It
+enjoyed life early, and wearied rapidly of pleasure.
+It became skeptical as to virtue, and looked on the
+world of men with cynical contempt. It was selfish,
+sensual, cruel. But in Æmilius there was something
+nobler than what existed in most; the perception
+of what was good and true was not dead in him;
+<pb n="53"/><anchor id="Pg053"/>it had slept. And now the face of Perpetua looked
+up at him out of the water. Was it her beauty that
+had so attracted him as to make him for a moment
+mad and cast his cynicism aside, as the butterfly
+throws away the chrysalis from which it breaks? No,
+beautiful indeed she was, but there was in her face
+something inexpressible, undefinable, even mentally;
+something conceivable in a goddess, an aura from
+another world, an emanation from Olympus. It was
+nothing that was subject to the rule. It was not
+due to proportion; it could be seized by neither
+painter nor sculptor. What was it? That puzzled
+him. He had been fascinated, lifted out of his base
+and selfish self to risk his life to do a generous, a
+noble act. He was incapable of explaining to himself
+what had wrought this sudden change in him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He thought over all that had taken place. How
+marvelous had been the serenity with which Perpetua
+had faced death! How ready she was to cast
+away life when life was in its prime and the world
+with all its pleasures was opening before her! He
+could not understand this. He had seen men die
+in the arena, but never thus. What had given the
+girl that look, as though a light within shone through
+her features? What was there in her that made him
+<pb n="54"/><anchor id="Pg054"/>feel that to think of her, save with reverence, was to
+commit a sacrilege?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the heart of Æmilius there was, though he
+knew it not, something of that same spirit which
+pervaded the best of men and the deepest thinkers
+in that decaying, corrupt old world. All had acquired
+a disbelief in virtue because they nowhere
+encountered it, and yet all were animated with a
+passionate longing for it as the ideal, perhaps the
+unattainable, but that which alone could make life
+really happy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was this which disturbed the dainty epicureanism
+of Horace, which gave verjuice to the cynicism
+of Juvenal, which roused the savage bitterness of
+Perseus. More markedly still, the craving after this
+better life, on what based, he could not conjecture,
+filled the pastoral mind of Virgil, and almost with a
+prophet’s fire, certainly with an aching desire, he
+sang of the coming time when the vestiges of ancient
+fraud would be swept away and the light of a better
+day, a day of truth and goodness would break on the
+tear- and blood-stained world.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now this dim groping after what was better
+than he had seen; this inarticulate yearning after
+something higher than the sordid round of pleasure;
+<pb n="55"/><anchor id="Pg055"/>this innate assurance that to man there is an ideal
+of spiritual loveliness and perfection to which he
+can attain if shown the way—all this now had found
+expression in the almost involuntary plunge into the
+<anchor id="corr055"/><corr sic="Nemauscan">Nemausean</corr> pool. He had seen the ideal, and he
+had broken with the regnant paganism to reach and
+rescue it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What, my Æmilius! like Narcissus adoring
+thine incomparable self in the water!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The young lawyer started, and an expression of
+annoyance swept over his face. The voice was that
+of Callipodius.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, my good friend,</q> answered Æmilius, <q>I
+was otherwise engaged with my thoughts than in
+thinking of my poor self.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Poor! with so many hides of land, vineyards and
+sheep-walks and olive groves! Aye, and with a
+flourishing business, and the possession of a matchless
+country residence at Ad Fines.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Callipodius,</q> said the patron, <q>thou art a worthy
+creature, and lackest but one thing to make thee
+excellent.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what is that?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Bread made without salt is insipid, and conversation
+seasoned with flattery nauseates. I have heard
+<pb n="56"/><anchor id="Pg056"/>of a slave who was smeared with honey and exposed
+on a cross to wasps. When thou addressest me I seem
+to feel as though thou wast dabbing honey over me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My Æmilius! But where would you find wasps
+to sting you?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh! they are ready and eager—and I am flying
+them—all the votaries of Nemausus thou hast seen
+this day. As thou lovest me, leave me to myself,
+to rest. I am heavy with sleep, and the sun is hot.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah! dreamer that thou art. I know that thou
+art thinking of the fair Perpetua, that worshiper
+of an——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Cease; I will not hear this.</q> Æmilius made an
+angry gesture. Then he started up and struck at his
+brow. <q>By Hercules! I am a coward, flying, flying,
+when she is in extreme peril. Where is she now?
+Maybe those savages, those fools, are hunting after
+her to cast her again into the basin, or to thrust
+poisoned cakes into her mouth. By the Sacred
+Twins! I am doing that which is unworthy of me—that
+for which I could never condone. I am leaving
+the feeble and the helpless, unassisted, unprotected
+in extremity of danger. Thrust back, my good
+men! Thrust back! I cannot to Arelate. I must
+again to Nemausus!</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="6" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="57"/><anchor id="Pg057"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="VI. The Passage into Life"/><index index="pdf" level1="VI. The Passage into Life"/>
+<head>CHAPTER VI<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius had sprung to his feet and called to the
+men to cease punting. They rested on their poles,
+awaiting further instructions, and the impetus given
+to the raft carried it among some yellow flags and
+rushes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Callipodius said: <q>I mostly admire the splendor
+of your intellect, that shines forth with solar effulgence.
+But there are seasons when the sun is
+eclipsed or obscured, and such is this with thee.
+Surely thou dost not contemplate a return to Nemausus
+to risk thy life without being in any way
+able to assist the damsel. Consider, moreover—is it
+worth it—for a girl?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Callipodius,</q> said the young lawyer in a tone
+of vehemence, <q>I cannot fly and place myself in security
+and leave her exposed to the most dreadful
+danger. I did my work by half only. What I did
+was unpremeditated, but that done must be made a
+complete whole. When I undertake anything it is
+my way to carry it out to a fair issue.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="58"/><anchor id="Pg058"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is true enough and worthy of your excellent
+qualities of heart and mind. But you know
+nothing of this wench, and be she all that you
+imagine, what is a woman that for her you should
+jeopardize your little finger? Besides, her mother
+and kinsfolk will hardly desire your aid, will certainly
+not invoke it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Why not?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Callipodius shrugged his shoulders. <q>You are a
+man of the world—a votary of pleasure, and these
+people are Christians. They will do their utmost
+for her. They hang together as a swarm of
+bees.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Who and what are these people—this mother
+and her kinsfolk?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know little about them. They occupy a house
+in the lower town, and that tells its own tale. They
+do not belong to the quality to which you belong.
+The girl has been reputed beautiful, and many light
+fellows have sought to see and have words with her.
+But she is so zealously guarded, and is herself so
+retiring and modest that they have encountered only
+rebuff and disappointment.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I must return. I will know for certain that she
+is in safety. Methinks no sooner were they balked
+<pb n="59"/><anchor id="Pg059"/>of me than they would direct all their efforts to
+secure her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You shall not go back to Nemausus. You
+would but jeopardize your own valuable life without
+the possibility of assisting her; nay, rather wouldst
+thou direct attention to her. Leave the matter with
+me and trust my devotion to thine interests.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I must learn tidings of her. I shall not rest till
+assured that she is out of danger. By the infernal
+gods, Callipodius, I know not what is come upon
+me, but I feel that if ill befall her, I could throw
+myself on a sword and welcome death, life having
+lost to me all value.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then I tell thee this, most resolute of men,</q> said
+Callipodius, <q>I will return to the town. My nothingness
+will pass unquestioned. Thou shalt tarry at
+the house of Flavillus yonder on the promontory.
+He is a timber merchant, and the place is clean.
+The woman bears a good name, and, what is better,
+can cook well. The house is poor and undeserving
+of the honor of receiving so distinguished a person
+as thyself; but if thou wilt condescend——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Enough. I will do as thou advisest. And, oh,
+friend, be speedy, relieve my anxiety and be true as
+thou dost value my esteem.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="60"/><anchor id="Pg060"/>
+
+<p>
+Then Æmilius signed to the raftmen to put him
+ashore at the landing place to the timber yard of
+Flavillus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Having landed he mounted a slight ascent to a cottage
+that was surrounded by piles of wood—of oak,
+chestnut, pine and olive. Flavillus was a merchant
+on a small scale, but a man of energy and industry.
+He dealt with the natives of the Cebennæ, and
+bought the timber they felled, conveyed it to his
+stores, whence it was distributed to the towns in the
+neighborhood; and supplies were furnished to the
+shipbuilders at Arelate.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The merchant was now away, but his wife received
+Æmilius with deference. She had heard his name
+from the raftmen, and was acquainted with Callipodius,
+a word from whom sufficed as an introduction.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She apologized because her house was small, as
+also because her mother, then with her, was at the
+point of death from old age, not from any fever or
+other disorder. If Æmilius Lentulus, under the
+circumstances, would pardon imperfection in attendance,
+she would gladly extend to him such hospitality
+as she could offer. Æmilius would have gone elsewhere,
+but that the only other house he could think
+of that was near was a tavern, then crowded by
+Utri<pb n="61"/><anchor id="Pg061"/>culares, who occupied every corner. He was sorry
+to inconvenience the woman, yet accepted her offer.
+The period was not one in which much consideration
+was shown to those in a lower grade. The citizens
+and nobles held that their inferiors existed for their
+convenience only. Æmilius shared in the ideas of
+his time and class, but he had sufficient natural
+delicacy to make him reluctant to intrude where his
+presence was necessarily irksome. Nevertheless, as
+there was no other place to which he could go, he
+put aside this feeling of hesitation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The house was small, and was constructed of wood
+upon a stone basement. The partitions between the
+rooms were of split planks, and the joints were in
+places open, and knots had come out, so that what
+passed in one apartment was audible, and, to some
+extent, visible in another. A bedroom in a Roman
+house was a mere closet, furnished with a bed only.
+All washing was done at the baths, not in the house.
+The room had no window, only a door over which
+hung a curtain.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius divested himself of his wet garment
+and gave it to his hostess to dry, then wrapped himself
+in his toga and awaited supper.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The meal was prepared as speedily as might be.
+<pb n="62"/><anchor id="Pg062"/>It consisted of eggs, eels, with melon, and apples
+of last year. Wine was abundant, and so was oil.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When he had eaten and was refreshed, moved by
+a kindly thought Æmilius asked if he might see
+the sick mother. His hostess at once conducted
+him to her apartment, and he stood by the old
+woman’s bed. The evening sun shone in at the
+door, where stood the daughter holding back the
+curtain, and lighted the face of the aged woman.
+It was thin, white and drawn. The eyes were large
+and lustrous.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am an intruder,</q> said the young man, <q>yet I
+would not sleep the night in this house without paying
+my respects to the mother of my kind hostess.
+Alas! thou art one I learn who is unable to escape
+that which befalls all mortals. It is a lot evaded
+only by the gods, if there be any truth in the tales
+told concerning them. It must be a satisfaction to
+you to contemplate the many pleasures enjoyed in a
+long life, just as after an excellent meal we can in
+mind revert to it and retaste in imagination every
+course—as indeed I do with the supper so daintily
+furnished by my hostess.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah, sir,</q> said the old woman, <q>on the couch of
+death one looks not back but forward.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="63"/><anchor id="Pg063"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>And that also is true,</q> remarked Æmilius.
+<q>What is before you but everything that can console
+the mind and gratify the ambition. With your
+excellent daughter and the timber-yard hard by, you
+may calculate on a really handsome funeral pyre—plenty
+of olive wood and fragrant pine logs from
+the Cebennæ. I myself will be glad to contribute
+a handful of oriental spices to throw into the flames.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir, I think not of that.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And the numbers who will attend and the
+orations that will be made lauding your many virtues!
+It has struck me that one thing only is wanting
+in a funeral to make it perfectly satisfactory,
+and that is that the person consigned to the flames
+should be able to see the pomp and hear the good
+things said of him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, sir, I regard not that!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, like a wise woman, you look beyond.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye! aye!</q> she folded her hands and a light
+came into her eyes. <q>I look beyond.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To the mausoleum and the cenotaph. Unquestionably
+the worthy Flavillus will give you a monument
+as handsome as his means will permit, and for
+many centuries your name will be memorialized
+thereon.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="64"/><anchor id="Pg064"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, sir! my poor name! what care I for that?
+I ask Flavillus to spend no money over my remains;
+and may my name be enshrined in the heart of my
+daughter. But—it is written elsewhere—even in
+Heaven.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I hardly comprehend.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As to what happens to the body—that is of little
+concern to me. I desire but one thing—to be dissolved,
+and to be with Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah!—so—with Christ!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius rubbed his chin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is my Hope. He is my Salvation. In Him
+I shall live. Death is swallowed up in Victory.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She rambles in her talk,</q> said he, turning to the
+daughter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, sir, she is clear in her mind and dwells on
+the thoughts that comfort her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And that is not that she will have an expensive
+funeral?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, no, sir!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nor that she will have a commemorative cenotaph
+belauding her virtues?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the dying woman said: <q>I shall live—live
+forevermore. I have passed from death unto
+life.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="65"/><anchor id="Pg065"/>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius shook his head. If this was not the
+raving of a disordered mind, what could it be?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He retired to his apartment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He was tired. He had nothing to occupy him,
+so he cast himself on his bed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shortly he heard the voice of a man. He started
+and listened in the hopes that Callipodius had returned,
+but as the tones were strange to him he lay
+down again.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Presently a light struck through a knot in the
+boards that divided his room from that of the dying
+woman. Then he heard the strange voice say:
+<q>Peace be to this house and to all that dwell
+therein.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is the physician,</q> said Æmilius to himself.
+<q>Pshaw! what can he do? She is dying of old
+age.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At first the newcomer did inquire concerning the
+health of the patient, but then rapidly passed to
+other matters, and these strange to the ear of the
+young lawyer. He had gathered that the old woman
+was a Christian; but of Christians he knew no more
+than that they were reported to worship the head of
+an ass, to devour little children, and to indulge in
+debauchery at their evening banquets.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="66"/><anchor id="Pg066"/>
+
+<p>
+The strange man spoke to the dying woman—not
+of funeral and cenotaph as things to look forward
+to, but to life and immortality, to joy and rest
+from labor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My daughter,</q> said the stranger, <q>indicate by
+sign that thou hearest me. Fortified by the most
+precious gift thou wilt pass out of darkness into
+light, out of sorrow into joy, from tears to gladness
+of heart, from where thou seest through a glass
+darkly to where thou shalt look on the face of Christ,
+the Sun of Righteousness. Though thou steppest
+down into the river, yet His cross shall be thy stay
+and His staff shall comfort thee. He goeth before
+to be thy guide. He standeth to be thy defence.
+The spirits of evil cannot hurt thee. The Good
+Shepherd will gather thee into His fold. The True
+Physician will heal all thine infirmities. As the
+second Joshua, He will lead thee out of the wilderness
+into the land of Promise. The angels of God
+surround thee. The light of the heavenly city
+streams over thee. Rejoice, rejoice! The night is
+done and the day is at hand. For all thy labors
+thou shalt be recompensed double. For all thy
+sorrows He will comfort thee. He will wipe away
+thy tears. He will cleanse thee from thy stains.
+<pb n="67"/><anchor id="Pg067"/>He will feed thee with all thy desire. Old things
+are passed away; all things are made new. Thy
+heart shall laugh and sing—Pax!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius, looking through a chink, saw the stranger
+lay his hand on the woman’s brow. He saw
+how the next moment he withdrew it, and how,
+turning to her daughter, he said:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Do not lament for her. She has passed from
+death unto life. She sees Him, in whom she has
+believed, in whom she has hoped, whom she has
+loved.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the daughter wiped her eyes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well,</q> said Æmilius to himself, <q>now I begin
+to see how these people are led to face death without
+fear. It is a pity that it should be delusion and
+mere talk. Where is the evidence that it is other?
+Where is the foundation for all this that is said?</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="7" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="68"/><anchor id="Pg068"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="VII. Oblations"/><index index="pdf" level1="VII. Oblations"/>
+<head>CHAPTER VII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">OBLATIONS</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The house into which the widow lady and her
+daughter entered was that used by the Christians of
+Nemausus as their church. A passage led into the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">atrium</foreign>, a quadrangular court in the midst of the
+house into which most of the rooms opened, and in
+the center of which was a small basin of water. On
+the marble breasting of this tank stood, in a heathen
+household, the altar to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">lares et penates</foreign>, the
+tutelary gods of the dwelling. This court was open
+above for the admission of light and air, and to allow
+the smoke to escape. Originally this had been the
+central chamber of the Roman house, but eventually
+it became a court. It was the focus of family life,
+and the altar in it represented the primitive family
+hearth in times before civilization had developed the
+house out of the cabin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Whoever entered a pagan household was expected,
+as token of respect, to strew a few grains of
+incense on the ever-burning hearth, or to dip his
+fingers in the water basin and flip a few drops over
+<pb n="69"/><anchor id="Pg069"/>the images. But in a Christian household no such
+altar and images of gods were to be found. A
+Christian gave great offense by refusing to comply
+with the generally received customs, and his disregard
+on this point of etiquette was held to be as
+indicative of boorishness and lack of graceful courtesy,
+as would be the conduct nowadays of a man
+who walked into a drawing-room wearing his hat.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Immediately opposite the entrance into the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">atrium</foreign>, on the further side of the tank, and beyond
+the altar to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">lares et penates</foreign>, elevated above the
+floor of the court by two or three white-marble steps,
+was a semicircular chamber, with elaborate mosaic
+floor, and the walls richly painted. This was the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">tablinum</foreign>. The paintings represented scenes from
+heathen mythology in such houses as belonged to
+pagans, but in the dwelling of Baudillas, the deacon,
+the pictures that had originally decorated it had
+been plastered over, and upon this coating green
+vines had been somewhat rudely drawn, with birds
+of various descriptions playing among the foliage
+and pecking at the grapes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Around the wall were seats; and here, in a pagan
+house, the master received his guests. His seat was
+at the extremity of the apse, and was of white
+mar<pb n="70"/><anchor id="Pg070"/>ble. When such a house was employed for Christian
+worship, the clergy occupied the seat against
+the wall and the bishop that of the master in the
+center. In the chord of the apse above the steps
+stood the altar, now no longer smoking nor dedicated
+to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">Lar pater</foreign>, but devoted to Him who is the
+Father of Spirits. But this altar was in itself different
+wholly from that which had stood by the
+water tank. Instead of being a block of marble,
+with a hearth on top, it consisted of a table on three,
+sometimes four, bronze legs, the slab sometimes of
+stone, more generally of wood.<note place="foot">So represented in paintings in the Catacombs. There were
+two distinct types: the table in the Church and the tomb at the
+Sepulcher of the Martyr.</note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">tablinum</foreign> was shut off from the hall or court,
+except when used for the reception of guests, by rich
+curtains running on rings upon a rod. These curtains
+were drawn back or forward during the celebration
+of the liturgy, and this has continued to
+form a portion of the furniture of an Oriental
+church, whether Greek, Armenian, or Syrian.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In like manner the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">tablinum</foreign>, with its conch-shape
+termination, gave the type to the absidal chancel,
+so general everywhere except in England.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="71"/><anchor id="Pg071"/>
+
+<p>
+On the right side of the court was the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">triclinium</foreign>
+or dining-room, and this was employed by the early
+Christians for their love-feasts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Owing to the protection extended by law to the
+colleges or clubs, the Christians sought to screen
+themselves from persecution by representing themselves
+as forming one of these clubs, and affecting
+their usages. Even on their tombstones they so
+designated themselves, <q>Cultores Dei,</q> and they
+were able to carry on their worship under the appearance
+of frequenting guild meetings. One of the
+notable features of such secular or semi-religious
+societies was the convivial supper for the members,
+attended by all. The Church adopted this supper,
+called it Agape, but of course gave to it a special
+signification. It was made to be a symbol of that
+unity among Christians which was supposed to exist
+between all members. The supper was also a convenient
+means whereby the rich could contribute to
+the necessities of the poor, and was regarded as a
+fulfilment of the Lord’s command: <q>When thou
+makest a feast, call the poor, the maimed, the lame,
+the blind.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Already, in the third century, the believers who
+belonged to the superior classes had withdrawn from
+<pb n="72"/><anchor id="Pg072"/>them, and alleged as their excuse the command:
+<q>When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not
+thy friends, nor thy brethren, neither thy kinsman,
+nor thy rich neighbors.</q> Their actual reason was,
+however, distaste for associating with such as belonged
+to the lower orders, and from being present
+at scenes that were not always edifying.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The house of Baudillas had once been of consequence,
+and his family one of position; but that had
+been in the early days of the colony before the
+indigenous Gaulish nobility had been ousted from
+every place of authority, and the means for enriching
+themselves had been drawn away by the greed
+of the conquerors. The quarter of the town in
+which was his mansion had declined in respectability.
+Many of the houses of the old Volcian
+gentry had been sold and converted into lodgings
+for artisans. In this case the ancestral dwelling
+remained in the possession of the last representative
+of the family, but it was out of repair, and the owner
+was poor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I hardly know what should be done,</q> said Baudillas
+to himself, rather than to the ladies he was
+escorting. <q>The Church has been enjoined to assemble
+this afternoon for the Agape, and our bishop,
+<pb n="73"/><anchor id="Pg073"/>Castor, is absent at this critical juncture. He has
+gone on a pastoral round, taking advantage of the
+floods to visit, in boat, some of the outlying hamlets
+and villages where there are believers. It seems to
+me hardly prudent for us to assemble when there
+is such agitation of spirits. Ladies, allow my house-keeper—she
+was my nurse—to conduct you where
+you can repose after the fatigue and distress you
+have undergone. She will provide dry garments for
+Perpetua, and hot water for her feet. The baths
+are the proper place, but it would be dangerous for
+her to adventure herself in public.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas paced the court in anxiety of mind.
+He did not know what course to adopt. He was
+not a man of initiative. He was devoted to his
+duty and discharged whatever he was commanded to
+do with punctilious nicety; but he was thrown into
+helpless incapacity when undirected by a superior
+mind, or not controlled by a dominant will.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It would be difficult to communicate with the
+brethren. He had but one male servant, Pedo, who
+had a stiff hip-joint. He could not send him round
+to give notice of a postponement, and Baudillas was
+not the man to take such a step without orders.
+Probably, said he to himself, the commotion would
+<pb n="74"/><anchor id="Pg074"/>abate before evening. There would be much feasting
+in the town that afternoon. The Cultores
+Nemausi had their club dinner; and the families of
+Volcian descent made it a point of honor to entertain
+on that day, dedicated to their Gallic founder
+and hero-god. It was precisely for this reason that
+the Agape had been appointed to be celebrated on
+the first of March. When all the lower town was
+holding debauch, the harmless reunion of the Christians
+would pass unregarded.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What shall I do?</q> said the deacon. <q>Castor,
+our bishop, should not have absented himself at such
+a time, but then how could he have foreseen what has
+taken place? I will take care that the ladies be
+provided with whatever they may need, and then
+will sally forth and ascertain what temper our fellow-citizens
+are in. We southerners blaze up like
+a fire of straw, and as soon does our flame expire.
+If I meet some of the brethren, I will consult with
+them what is to be done. As it is we have postponed
+the Agape till set of sun, when we deemed
+that all the town would be indoors merry-making.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+An hour later, a slave of the lady Quincta arrived
+to say that her house was watched, and that the
+servants did not deem it advisable to leave with the
+<pb n="75"/><anchor id="Pg075"/>litter, lest some attempt should be made to track
+them to the house where their mistress was concealed,
+in which case the rabble might even try to
+get possession of Perpetua.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Quincta was greatly alarmed at the tidings, and
+bade that the litter should on no account be sent.
+When those watching her door had been withdrawn,
+then a faithful slave was to announce the fact, and
+she and her daughter would steal home afoot. Thus
+passed the time, with anxiety contracting the hearts
+of all. Quincta was a timid woman, Baudillas, as
+already said, irresolute. In the afternoon, gifts
+began to arrive for the love-feast. Slaves brought
+hampers of bread, quails, field-fare stuffed with
+truffles; brown pots containing honey were also
+deposited by them in the passage. Others brought
+branches of dried raisins, apples, eggs, flasks of oil,
+and bouquets of spring flowers.<note place="foot">St. Clement of Alexandria complained of the dainties provided
+for the Agape: <q>The sauces, cakes, sugar-plums, the
+drink, the delicacies, the games, the sweetmeats, the honey.</q>
+The hour of supper with the Romans was about 2 <hi rend="small">P.M.</hi>; that,
+therefore, was the time for the love-feast to begin.</note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas was relieved when the stream of oblations
+began to flow in, as it decided for him the
+<pb n="76"/><anchor id="Pg076"/>matter of the Agape. It must take place—it could
+not be deferred, as some of the food sent was perishable.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A slave arrived laden with an <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">amphora</foreign>—a red
+earthenware bottle, pointed below, so that to maintain
+it upright it had to be planted in sand or ashes.
+On the side was a seal with the sacred symbol, showing
+that it contained wine set apart for religious
+usage.<note place="foot">In the recently-exhumed house of Saints John and Paul, in
+the Cœlian Hill at Rome, such bottles were discovered in the
+cellar.</note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir!</q> said the bearer, <q>happy is the man who
+tastes of this wine from Ambrussum (near Lunel).<note place="foot">Now Ambroix.</note>
+It is of the color of amber, it is old, and runs like
+oil. The heat of the Provence sun is gathered and
+stored in it, to break forth and glow in the veins, to
+mount into and fire the brain, and to make and
+kindle a furnace in the heart.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It shall be used with discretion, Tarsius,</q> said
+the deacon.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>By Bacchus!—I ask your pardon, deacon! Old
+habits are not easily laid aside. What was I saying?
+Oh—you remarked something about discretion.
+<pb n="77"/><anchor id="Pg077"/>For my part I consider that my master has exercised
+none in sending this to your love-feast. Bah! it is
+casting pearls before swine to pour out this precious
+essence into the cups of such a beggarly, vagabond
+set as assemble here. The quality folk are becoming
+weary of these banquets and hold aloof.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is sadly true,</q> observed Baudillas, <q>and
+the effect of this withdrawal is that it aggravates
+the difficulties of myself and my brethren.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The choice liquor is thrown away on such as
+you have as congregation. How can they relish
+the Ambrussian if they have not had their palates
+educated to know good liquor from bad? On my
+faith as a Christian! were I master instead of slave,
+I would send you the wine of the year when Sosius
+Falco and Julius Clarus were consuls—then the
+grapes mildewed in the bunch, and the wine is
+naught but vinegar, no color, no bouquet, no substance.
+Gentlemen and slaves can’t drink it. But
+I reckon that my master thinks to condone his
+absence by sending one of his choicest flasks.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are somewhat free of tongue, Tarsius.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am a frank man though enslaved. Thoughts
+are free, and my tongue is not enchained. I shall
+attend the banquet this evening. The master and
+<pb n="78"/><anchor id="Pg078"/>mistress remain at home that we, believing members
+of the family, may be present at the Agape. I will
+trouble you, when pouring out the Ambrussian wine,
+not to forget that I had to sweat under the flask,
+to your house.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I think, Tarsius, I cannot do better than place
+the bottle under your charge. You know its value,
+and the force of the wine. Distribute as you see
+fit.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye; I know who will appreciate it, and who
+are unworthy of a drop. I accept the responsibility.
+You do wisely, deacon, in trusting me—a knowing
+one,</q> and he slapped his breast and pursed up his
+mouth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then another servant appeared with a basket.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Here, sir!</q> said he to the deacon. <q>I bring
+you honey-cakes. The lady Lampridia sends them.
+She is infirm and unable to leave her house, but
+she would fain do something for the poor, the
+almoners of Christ. She sends you these and also
+garments that she has made for children. She
+desires that you will distribute them among such
+parents as have occasion for them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Next came a man of equestrian rank, and drew
+the deacon aside.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="79"/><anchor id="Pg079"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Where is Castor?</q> he inquired in an agitated
+voice. <q>I cannot appear this evening. The whole
+town is in effervescence. Inquisition may be made
+for us Christians. There will be a tumult. When
+they persecute you in one city—fly to another!
+That is the divine command, and I shall obey it to
+the letter. I have sent forward servants and mules—and
+shall escape with my wife and children to my
+villa.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The bishop is away. He will be back this
+evening. I have not known what to do, whether
+or not to postpone the Agape to another day.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No harm will come of it if you hold the feast.
+None will attend save the poor and such as are on
+the books of the Church, the widows and those to
+whom a good meal is a boon. The authorities will
+not trouble themselves about the like of them. I
+don’t relish the aspect of affairs, and shall be off
+before the storm breaks.</q> Then the knight added
+hastily, <q>Here is money, distribute it, and bid the
+recipients pray for me and mine, that no harm
+befall us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas saw that the man was quaking with
+apprehension. <q>Verily,</q> said he to himself, <q>It
+is a true saying, <q>How hardly shall they that have
+<pb n="80"/><anchor id="Pg080"/>riches enter into the kingdom of Heaven.</q> I wonder
+now, whether I have acted judiciously in entrusting
+that old Ambrussian to Tarsius? If the bishop
+had been here, I could have consulted him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So a weak, but good man, may even do a thing
+fraught with greater mischief than can be done with
+evil intent by an adversary.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="8" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="81"/><anchor id="Pg081"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="VIII. The Voice at Midnight"/><index index="pdf" level1="VIII. The Voice at Midnight"/>
+<head>CHAPTER VIII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+As soon as dusk began to veil the sky, Christians
+in parties of three and four came to the house of
+Baudillas. They belonged for the most part to the
+lowest classes. None were admitted till they had
+given the pass-word.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+An <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">ostiarius</foreign> or porter kept the door, and as each
+tapped, he said in Greek: <q>Beloved, let us love one
+another.</q> Whereupon the applicant for admission
+replied in the same tongue, <q>For love is of God.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Owing to the Greek element in the province,
+large at Massilia, Arelate and Narbo, but not less
+considerable at Nemausus, the Hellenic tongue,
+though not generally spoken, was more or less comprehended
+by all in the towns. The Scriptures
+were read in Greek; there was, as yet, no Italic version,
+and the prayers were recited, sometimes in
+Greek, sometimes in Latin. In preaching, the
+bishops and presbyters employed the vernacular—this
+was a conglomerate of many tongues and was
+in incessant decomposition, flux, and recomposition.
+<pb n="82"/><anchor id="Pg082"/>It was different in every town, and varied from year
+to year.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the sub-apostolic church it was customary for
+a banquet to be held in commemoration of the
+Paschal Supper, early in the afternoon, lasting all
+night, previous to the celebration of the new Eucharistic
+rite, which took place at dawn. The night was
+spent in hymn singing, in discourses, and in prayer.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But even in the Apostolic age, as we learn from
+St. Paul’s first Epistle to the Corinthians, great
+abuses had manifested themselves, and very speedily
+a change was made. The Agape was dissociated from
+the Eucharist and was relegated to the evening after
+the celebration of the Sacrament. It was not abolished
+altogether, because it was a symbol of unity,
+and because, when under control, it was unobjectionable.
+Moreover, as already intimated, it served
+a convenient purpose to the Christians by making
+their meetings resemble those of the benefit clubs
+that were under legal protection.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It may be conjectured that where the bulk of the
+members were newly converted, and were ignorant,
+there would speedily manifest itself among them a
+tendency to revert to their pagan customs, and a
+revolt against the restraints of Christian sobriety.
+<pb n="83"/><anchor id="Pg083"/>And this actually took place, causing much embarrassment
+to the clergy, and giving some handle to
+the heathen to deride these meetings as scenes of
+gross disorder.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+No sooner did persecution cease, and the reason
+for holding love-feasts no longer held, than they
+were everywhere put down and by the end of the
+fourth century had absolutely ceased.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the third century Tertullian, in his <q>Apology</q>
+addressed to the heathen, gave a rose-colored description
+of the institution; but in his <q>Treatise on
+Fasting</q> addressed to the faithful, he was constrained
+to admit that it was a nursery of abuses.
+But this, indeed, common sense and a knowledge
+of human nature would lead us to suspect.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+We are prone to imagine that the first ages of the
+Church saw only saints within the fold, and sinners
+without. But we have only to read the writings
+of the early Fathers to see that this was not the case.
+If we consider our mission stations at the present
+day, and consult our evangelists among the heathen,
+we shall discover that the newly converted on
+entering the Church, bring with them much of their
+past: their prejudices, their superstitions, their ignorance,
+and their passions. The most vigilant care
+<pb n="84"/><anchor id="Pg084"/>has to be exercised in watching against relapse in
+the individual, and deterioration of the general tone.
+The converts in the first ages were not made of other
+flesh and blood than those now introduced into the
+sheepfold, and the difficulties now encountered by
+missionaries beset the first pastors of Christ fifteen
+and sixteen hundred years ago.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In an honest attempt to portray the condition of
+the Church at the opening of the third century, we
+must describe things as they were, and not as we
+should wish them to have been.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">atrium</foreign> or courtyard was not lighted; there
+was sufficient illumination from above. The curtains
+of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">tablinum</foreign> were close drawn, as the reception
+chamber was not to be put in requisition that night.
+The <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">triclinium</foreign> or dining-room that received light
+through the doorway only would have been dark
+had not a lamp or two been kindled there.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+About thirty persons were present, male and
+female, but no children. Some were slaves from
+believing households; there were a few freedmen.
+Some were poor artisans, weavers, bakers, and men
+who sold charcoal, a porter, and a besom-maker.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Quincta and Perpetua were the highest in social
+position of those present. A second deacon, named
+<pb n="85"/><anchor id="Pg085"/>Marcianus, was there, a handsome man, peremptory
+in manner, quick in movement; in every point a
+contrast with his timid, hesitating brother in the
+ministry.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The bishop had not arrived when the Agape
+began, and the blessing was spoken by an aged and
+feeble presbyter. The tables were spread with
+viands, and the deacons and deaconesses ministered
+to those who reclined at them. There was not room
+for all in the dining-chamber, and a table and
+couches had been spread in the court for such as
+could not be accommodated within.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The proceedings were marked by the strictest
+propriety, the eating and drinking were in moderation,
+conversation was edifying, and general harmony
+prevailed. During the meal, a knocking was
+heard at the outer gate, and when the porter asked
+the name of the applicant for admission, the password
+was given, and he was admitted.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+All rose to receive Castor, the bishop.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Recline again, my friends,</q> said he. <q>I have
+come from the house of Flavillus, the timber merchant
+on the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">stagna</foreign>; his wife’s mother has endured
+that which is human. She sleeps, and her spirit is
+with the Lord. I have been delayed. I was doing
+<pb n="86"/><anchor id="Pg086"/>the work of my Master. One, a stranger to the
+faith, questioned me, and I tarried to converse with
+him, and disclose to his dark mind some ray of light.
+If the supper be ended, I will offer thanks.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then, standing at one of the tables, he made
+prayer to God, and thanked Him who had caused
+the corn to spring out of the earth, and had gathered
+the many grains into one bread; who had watered
+the vine from heaven, and had flushed the several
+grapes with generous juice, uniting the many into
+one bunch.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The thanksgiving ended, lights were introduced
+in considerable numbers. There is no twilight in
+southern climes; when night falls, it falls darkly.
+Now all who had eaten went to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">impluvium</foreign>,
+dipped their hands, and washed their lips, then
+wiped them on towels held by the deaconesses.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The tables were quickly removed, and the benches
+ranged in the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">triclinium</foreign>, so as to accommodate
+all.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+No sooner was the whole congregation assembled,
+than the president, Castor, invited all such as had
+a psalm, an interpretation, a vision, or an edifying
+narrative, to relate or recite it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then up started a little man, who held a lyre.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="87"/><anchor id="Pg087"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir,</q> said he, <q>I have composed a poem in
+honor of Andeolus, the martyr of Gentibus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He struck a chord on his instrument, and sang.
+The composition was devoid of poetry, the meter
+halting, the Latin full of provincialisms, and the
+place of poetic imagery was filled with extravagances
+of expression. When he had concluded, he perhaps
+inadvertently wound up with the words, <q>Generous
+audience, grant me your applause!</q>—the usual
+method of conclusion on the stage.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the request met with favor—hands were
+clapped.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Bishop Castor rose, and with a grave face,
+said:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We have listened to Lartius Garrulus with interest
+and with edification. It is well to glorify the
+memories of the holy ones who have witnessed a
+good confession, who have fought the fight, and
+have shed their blood as a testimony. But a poet
+in treating of such subjects, should restrain his too
+exuberant fancy, and not assert as facts matters of
+mere conjecture, nor should he use expressions that,
+though perhaps endurable in poetry, cannot be addressed
+to the martyrs in sober prose. The ignorant
+are too ready to employ words without considering
+<pb n="88"/><anchor id="Pg088"/>their meaning with nicety, and to quote poets as
+licensing them to do that which their pastors would
+forbid.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But,</q> said the deacon Marcianus, <q>what if this
+be uttered by inspiration?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Spirit of God,</q> answered Castor, <q>never
+inspires the mind to import into religion anything
+that is not true.</q> Turning round, he said: <q>I call
+on Turgellius to interpret a portion of the Epistle
+of the Blessed Paul, the Apostle to the Romans,
+translating it into the vulgar tongue, as there be
+those present who comprehend Greek with difficulty.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This done, one rose, and said:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir, suffer me to disclose a revelation. I was
+asleep on my bed, three nights agone, and I had a
+dream, or vision, from on high. I beheld a snow-white
+flock pasturing on a mountain; there was
+abundance of herbage, and the sky was serene. The
+shepherd stood regarding them, leaning on his staff,
+and the watch-dog slept at his feet in the grass.
+Then, suddenly, the heavens became obscured,
+lightning flashed, thunder rolled: the flock was
+terrified and scattered. Thereupon came wolves,
+leaping among the sheep, and rending them; and I
+<pb n="89"/><anchor id="Pg089"/>beheld now that some which I had taken to be
+sheep, cast their skins, and disclosed themselves to
+be ravening beasts. What may be signified by the
+vision, I know not, but I greatly fear that it portends
+an evil time to the Church.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is like enough,</q> said Baudillas, <q>after
+what has occurred this day. If the bishop has not
+heard, I will relate all to him in order.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have been informed of everything,</q> said
+Castor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is well that there should be a sifting of the
+wheat from the chaff,</q> said Marcianus. <q>Too long
+have we had wolves masquerading among us clothed
+in sheepskins. See!</q> He threw back his mantle,
+and extended his hand. <q>On my way hither, I passed
+by the fountain of Nemausus, and none were there.
+Then my soul was wrath within me at the idolatry
+and worship of devils that goes on in the temple and
+about the basin. So I took up a stone, and I climbed
+upon the pedestal, and I beat till I had broken this
+off.</q> Then he rolled an alabaster sculptured head
+on the floor. With a contemptuous kick, he sent
+it spinning. <q>This is their god Nemausus. A
+deacon of Christ’s Church, with a bit of stone, is
+able to break his neck, and carry off his head!</q>
+<pb n="90"/><anchor id="Pg090"/>Then he laughed. But none laughed in response.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A thrill of dismay ran through the assembly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A woman fell into hysterics and screamed. Some
+called out that she prophesied, others that she spake
+with tongues. Baudillas appeased the excitement.
+<q>The tongue she speaks,</q> said he, <q>is the Ligurian
+of the Cebennæ, and all she says is that she wishes
+she were safe with her children in the mountains,
+and had never come into the town. Now, indeed,
+it seems that the evil days foreseen by Pantilius
+Narbo will come on the Church. The people might
+forget that the god was robbed of his victim, but
+not that his image has been defaced.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well done, I say!</q> shouted a man, thrusting
+himself forward. His face was inflamed and his
+eyes dazed. <q>I—I, Tarsius the slave, and Marcianus,
+the deacon, are the only Christians with any
+pluck about us. Cowards that ye all are, quaking
+at the moment of danger—hares, ye are, hares afraid
+of the whistling of the wind in the grass. I—I——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Remove that man,</q> said the bishop. <q>He has
+been drinking.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I—I drinking. I have supped the precious
+<pb n="91"/><anchor id="Pg091"/>Ambrussian wine, too good for the rag-tag. Dost
+think I would pour out to him who binds brooms?
+Or to her—a washerwoman from the mountains?
+Ambrussian wine for such as appreciate good things—gold
+as amber, thick as oil, sweet as honey.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Remove him,</q> said the bishop firmly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hands were laid on the fellow.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then turning to Marcianus, Castor said sternly,
+<q>You have acted inconsiderately and wrongly,
+against the decrees of the Fathers.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye!—of men who were timorous, and forbade
+others doing that from which they shrank themselves.
+I have not so learned Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Thou thyself mayest be strong,</q> said Castor,
+<q>but thine act will bring the tempest upon the
+Church, and it will fall upon the weak and young.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Such as cannot stand against the storm are good
+for naught,</q> said Marcianus. <q>But the storm is
+none of my brewing. It had arisen before I intervened.
+The escape of the lady Perpetua from the
+fountain—that was the beginning, I have but added
+the final stroke.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Thou hast acted very wrongly,</q> said the bishop.
+<q>May God, the God of all comfort, strengthen us
+to stand in the evil day. In very truth, the powers
+<pb n="92"/><anchor id="Pg092"/>of darkness will combine against the Church. The
+lightnings will indeed flash, the sheep be scattered,
+and those revealed whom we have esteemed to be
+true disciples of Christ, but who are far from Him
+in heart. Many that are first shall be last, and the
+last first. It is ever so in the Kingdom of Christ—hark!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Suddenly a strange, a terrible sound was heard—a
+loud, hoarse note, like a blast blown through
+a triton’s shell, but far louder; it seemed to pass in
+the air over the house, and set the tiles quivering.
+Every wall vibrated to it, and every heart thrilled
+as well. Men rushed into the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">atrium</foreign> and looked
+up at the night sky. Stars twinkled. Nothing
+extraordinary was visible. But those who looked
+expected to see some fire-breathing monster flying
+athwart the dark, heavenly vault, braying; and
+others again cried out that this was the trumpet of
+the archangel, and that the end of all things was
+come.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then said Marcianus, <q>It is the voice of the devil
+Nemausus! He has thus shouted before.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="9" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="93"/><anchor id="Pg093"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="IX. Stars in Water"/><index index="pdf" level1="IX. Stars in Water"/>
+<head>CHAPTER IX<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">STARS IN WATER</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+As an excuse for not appearing in time at the
+Agape, Castor had asserted that he had been engaged
+on his Master’s work elsewhere. That was true.
+He had been at the house of the timber merchant
+as we have seen, and he had been detained by Æmilius
+as he left it. This latter had been lying on his
+bed resting, whilst his garments were being dried.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He had overheard what had passed in the room
+of the dying woman.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the bishop went forth, then Æmilius rose
+from his bed, cast the ample toga about him, and
+walked forth. He caught Castor as he descended
+to the water’s edge to be paddled away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After a short salutation, the young lawyer said:
+<q>A word with you, sir, if your time is as generously
+to be disposed of to a stranger as it is lavished on
+the poor and sick.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am at your service,</q> answered the bishop.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My name,</q> said the young man, <q>is Æmilius
+Lentulus Varo. My profession is the law. I am
+<pb n="94"/><anchor id="Pg094"/>not, I believe, unknown in Nemausus, or at Arelate,
+where also I have an office. But you, sir, may not
+have heard of me—we have assuredly never met.
+Your age and gravity of demeanor belong to a
+social group other than mine. You mix with the
+wise, the philosophers, and not with such butterflies
+as myself, who am a ridiculous pleasure seeker—seeking
+and never finding. If I am not in error,
+you are Castor Lepidus Villoneos, of an ancient
+magisterial family in Nemausus and the reputed
+head of the Christian sect.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am he,</q> answered the bishop.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It may appear to you a piece of idle curiosity,</q>
+said the young man, <q>if I put to you certain questions,
+and esteem it an impertinence, and so send
+me away empty. But I pray you to afford me—if
+thy courtesy will suffer it—some information concerning
+a matter on which I am eager to obtain
+light. I have been in the apartment adjoining that
+in which the mother of the hostess lay, and I chanced—the
+partition being but of plank—to overhear
+what was said. I confess that I am inquisitive to
+know something more certain of this philosophy or
+superstition, than what is commonly reported among
+the people. On this account, I venture to detain
+<pb n="95"/><anchor id="Pg095"/>you, as one qualified to satisfy my greed for knowledge.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My time is at your disposal.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You spoke to the dying woman as though she
+were about to pass into a new life. Was that a
+poetic fancy or a philosophic speculation?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It was neither, it was a religious conviction. I
+spoke of what I knew to be true.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Knew to be true!</q> laughed Æmilius. <q>How
+so? Have you traveled into the world of spirits,
+visited the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">manes</foreign>, and returned posted up in all
+particulars concerning them?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No. I receive the testimony from One I can
+trust.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>One! All men are liars. I knew a fellow who
+related that he had fallen into an epileptic fit, and
+that during the fit his spirit had crossed the Styx.
+But as he had no penny wherewith to pay the fare,
+I did not believe him. Moreover, he never told the
+story twice alike, and in other matters was an arrant
+liar.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Whom would you believe?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>None, nothing save my own experience.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Not Him who made and who sustains your
+existence, my good sir?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="96"/><anchor id="Pg096"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, if I knew Him and were assured He
+spoke.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is the assurance I have.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius shook his head. <q>When, how, where,
+and by whom did He declare to men that there is
+a life beyond the tomb?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The <hi rend="italic">when</hi> was in the principate of Tiberius
+Cæsar, the <hi rend="italic">how</hi> was by the mouth of His only-begotten
+Son, the <hi rend="italic">where</hi> was in Palestine.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The young lawyer laughed. <q>There is not a
+greater rogue and liar on the face of the earth
+than a Jew. I cannot believe in a revelation made
+elsewhere than at the center of the world, in the
+city of Rome.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Rome is the center of the world to you—but
+is it so to the infinite God?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius shrugged his shoulders contemptuously.
+<q>I am a lawyer. I ask for evidence. And I would
+not trust the word of a Jew against that of a common
+Gaulish peasant.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nor need you. The witness is in yourself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not understand you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Have not all men, at all times and everywhere
+desired to know what is to be their condition after
+death? Does not every barbarous people harbor
+<pb n="97"/><anchor id="Pg097"/>the conviction that there is a future life? Do not
+you civilized Romans, though you have no evidence,
+act as though there were such a life, and testify
+thereto on your monumental cenotaphs?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I allow all that. But what of it?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How comes it that there should be such a conviction
+based on no grounds whatever, but a vague
+longing, unless there were such a reality provided
+for those who have this desire in them? Would
+the Creator of man mock him? Would He put this
+hunger into him unless it were to be satisfied? You
+have eyes that crave for the light, and the light
+exists that satisfies this longing! You have ears
+that desire sounds, and the world is full of voices
+that meet this desire. Where there is a craving
+there is ever a reality that corresponds with and
+gives repose to that desire. Look,</q> said the bishop,
+and pointed to the water in which were reflected
+the stars that now began to glitter in the sky. <q>Do
+you see all those twinkling points in the still water?
+They correspond to the living luminaries set above
+in the vault. You in your soul have these reflections—sometimes
+seen, sometimes obscured, but ever
+returning. They answer to realities in the celestial
+world overhead. The reflections could not be
+<pb n="98"/><anchor id="Pg098"/>in your nature unless they existed in substance
+above.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is a score of other things we long after in
+vain here.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What things? I believe I know. Purity, perfection,
+justice. Well, you do not find them here
+entire—only in broken glints. But these glints
+assure you that in their integrity they do exist.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A boat was propelled through the water. It
+broke the reflections, that disappeared or were resolved
+into a very dust of sparkles. As the wavelets
+subsided, however, the reflections reformed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Castor walked up and down beside Æmilius in
+silence for a few turns, then said:—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The world is full of inequalities and injustices.
+One man suffers privation, another is gorged. One
+riots in luxury at the expense of the weak. Is there
+to be no righting of wrongs? no justice to be ever
+done? If there be a God over all, He must, if just—and
+who can conceive of God, save as perfectly
+just?—He must, I say, deal righteous judgment and
+smooth out all these creases; and how can he do so,
+unless there be a condition of existence after death
+in which the wrongs may be redressed, the evil-doers
+be punished, and tears be wiped away?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="99"/><anchor id="Pg099"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is philosophy in this.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Have you not in your conscience a sense of right
+as distinct from wrong—obscured often, but ever
+returning—like the reflection of the stars in the
+water? How comes it there unless there be the
+verities above? Unless your Maker so made you
+as to reflect them in your spirit?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius said nothing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Have you not in you a sense of the sacredness
+of Truth, and a loathing for falsehood? How comes
+that, unless implanted in you by your Creator, who
+is Truth itself?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But we know not—in what is of supreme interest
+to us—in matters connected with the gods,
+what our duties, what our destiny—what is the
+Truth.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Young man,</q> said the bishop, <q>thou art a
+seeker after the kingdom of Heaven. One word
+further, and I must leave thee. Granted there are
+these scintillations within—</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, I grant this.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And that they be reflections of verities above.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Possibly.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Whence else come they?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius did not, could not answer.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="100"/><anchor id="Pg100"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then,</q> said Castor, <q>is it not antecedently probable
+that the God who made man, and put into his
+nature this desire after truth, virtue, holiness, justice,
+aye, and this hunger after immortality, should
+reveal to man that without which man is unable to
+direct his life aright, attain to the perfection of his
+being, and look beyond death with confidence?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>If there were but such a revelation!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I say—is it conceivable that the Creator should
+not make it?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Thou givest me much food for thought,</q> said
+the lawyer.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Digest it—looking at the reflection of the stars
+in the water—aye! and recall what is told by Aristotle
+of Xenophanes, how that casting his eyes upward
+at the immensity of heaven, he declared <hi rend="italic">The
+One</hi> is God. That conviction, at which the philosopher
+arrived at the summit of his research, is
+the starting point of the Christian child. Farewell.
+We shall meet again. I commend thee to Him
+who set the stars in heaven above, and the lights in
+thine own dim soul.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the bishop sought a boat, and was rowed
+in the direction of the town.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius remained by the lagoon.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="101"/><anchor id="Pg101"/>
+
+<p>
+Words such as these he had heard were novel.
+The thoughts given him to meditate on were so
+deep and strange that he could not receive them at
+once.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The night was now quite dark, and the stars shone
+with a brilliancy to which we are unaccustomed in
+the North, save on frosty winter nights.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Milky Way formed a sort of crescent to the
+north, and enveloped Cassiopeia’s Chair in its nebulous
+light. To the west blazed Castor and Pollux,
+and the changing iridescent fire of Algol reflected
+its varying colors in the water.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius looked up. What those points of light
+were, none could say. How was it that they maintained
+their order of rising and setting? None could
+answer. Who ruled the planets? That they obeyed
+a law, was obvious, but by whom was that law
+imposed?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius paced quicker, with folded arms and
+bowed head, looking into the water. The heavens
+were an unsolved riddle. The earth also was a
+riddle, without interpretation. Man himself was
+an enigma, to which there was no solution. Was
+all in heaven, in earth, to remain thus locked up,
+unexplained?
+</p>
+
+<pb n="102"/><anchor id="Pg102"/>
+
+<p>
+How was it that planets and constellations fulfilled
+the law imposed on them without deviation, and
+man knew not a law, lived in the midst of a cobweb
+of guesses, entangling himself in the meshes
+of vain speculations, and was not shown the commandment
+he must obey? Why had the Creator
+implanted in his soul such noble germs, if they were
+not to fructify—if only to languish for lack of
+light?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again he lifted his eyes to the starry vault, and
+repeated what had been said of Xenophanes, <q>Gazing
+on the immensity of heaven, he declared that
+the One was God.</q> And then, immediately looking
+down into the depths of his own heart, he added:
+<q>And He is reflected here. Would that I knew
+Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Yet how was he to attain the desired knowledge?
+On all sides were religious quacks offering their
+nostrums. What guarantee did Christianity offer,
+that it was other than the wild and empty speculations
+that swarmed, engaged and disappointed the
+minds of inquirers?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Unconscious how time passed, Æmilius paced the
+bank. Then he stood still, looking dreamily over
+the calm water. A couple of months more and the
+<pb n="103"/><anchor id="Pg103"/>air would be alive with fire-flies that would cluster
+on every reed, that would waver in dance above the
+surface of the lagoon, tens of thousands of drifting
+stars reflecting themselves in the water, and by their
+effulgence disturbing the light of the stars also there
+mirrored.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thinking of this, Æmilius laughed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So is it,</q> said he, <q>in the world of philosophic
+thought and religious aspiration. The air is full of
+fire-flies. They seem to be brilliant torch-bearers
+assuring us guidance, but they are only vile grubs,
+and they float above the festering pool that breeds
+malarial fevers. Where is the truth, where?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+From the distant city sounded a hideous din, like
+the bellow of a gigantic bull.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius laughed bitterly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know what that is, it is the voice of the god—so
+say the priestesses of Nemausus. It is heard at
+rare intervals. But the mason who made my baths
+at Ad Fines, explained it to me. He had been engaged
+on the temple and saw how a brazen instrument
+like a shell of many convolutions had been
+contrived in the walls and concealed, so that one
+woman’s breath could sound it and produce such a
+bellow as would shake the city. Bah! one religion
+<pb n="104"/><anchor id="Pg104"/>is like another, founded on impostures. What
+are the stars of heaven but fire-flies of a higher
+order, of superior flight? We follow them and
+stumble into the mire, and are engulfed in the
+slough.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="10" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="105"/><anchor id="Pg105"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="X. Locutus est!"/><index index="pdf" level1="X. Locutus est!"/>
+<head>CHAPTER X<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">LOCUTUS EST!</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Every house in Nemausus thrilled with life.
+Sleep was driven from the drowsiest heads. The
+tipsy were sobered at once. Those banqueting desisted
+from conversation. Music was hushed. Men
+rushed into the street. The beasts in the amphitheater,
+startled by the strange note, roared and
+howled. Slowly the chief magistrate rose, sent to
+summon an edile, and came forth. He was not
+quick of movement; it took him some time to
+resolve whether he or his brother magistrate was
+responsible for order; when he did issue forth, then
+he found the streets full, and that all men in them
+were talking excitedly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The god Nemausus, the <foreign rend="italic">archegos</foreign>, the divine
+founder and ancestor had spoken. His voice was
+rarely heard. It was told that before the Cimbri
+and Teutones had swept over the province, he had
+shouted. That had been in ages past; of late he had
+been sparing in the exercise of his voice. He was
+said to have cried out at the great invasion of the
+<pb n="106"/><anchor id="Pg106"/>Helvetii, that had been arrested by Julius Cæsar;
+again to have trumpeted at the outbreak of Civilis
+and Julius Sabinus, which, however, had never
+menaced Narbonese Gaul, though at the time the
+god had called the worst was anticipated. The last
+time he had been heard was at the revolt of Vindex
+that preceded the fall of Nero.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Some young skeptics whispered: <q>By Hercules,
+the god has a brazen throat.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is his hunting horn that peals to call attention.
+What he will say will be revealed to the
+priestess.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Or what the priestess wishes to have believed is
+his message.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But this incredulous mood was exhibited by very
+few. None ventured openly to scoff.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The god hath spoken!</q> this was the cry through
+the streets and the forum. Every man asked his
+fellow what it signified. Some cried out that the
+prince—the divine Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla)—had
+been assassinated, just as he was about to start
+from Rome for Gaul. Others that the privileges
+of the city and colony were going to be abrogated.
+But one said to his fellow, <q>I augured ill when we
+heard that the god had been cheated of his due. No
+<pb n="107"/><anchor id="Pg107"/>marvel he is out of humor, for Perpetua is esteemed
+the prettiest virgin in Nemausus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I wonder that the rescue passed off without
+notice being taken of the affair by the magistrates.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Bah! it is the turn of the Petronius Alacinus
+now, and he will not bestir himself unnecessarily.
+So long as the public peace be not broken——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But it was—there was a riot, a conflict.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A farcical fight with wind-bags. Not a man was
+hurt, not a drop of blood flowed. The god will not
+endure to be balked and his sacrifice made into a
+jest.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is hoarse with rage.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What does it all mean?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then said a stout man: <q>My good friend, it means
+that which always happens when the priesthood is
+alarmed and considers that its power is menaced—its
+credit is shaken. It will ask for blood.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There has been a great falling off of late in the
+worshipers of the gods and in attendance at the
+games.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This comes of the spread of the pestilent sect of
+the Christians. They are the enemies of the human
+race. They eat little children. The potter Fusius
+lost his son last week, aged six, and they say it was
+<pb n="108"/><anchor id="Pg108"/>sacrificed by these sectaries, who stuck needles into
+it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Bah! the body was found in the channel of the
+stream the child had fallen in.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I heard it was found half eaten,</q> said a third.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Rats, rats,</q> explained another standing by.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, these Christians refuse to venerate the
+images of the Augustus, and therefore are foes to
+the commonwealth. They should be rooted out.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are right there. As to their religious
+notions—who cares about them? Let them adore
+what they will—onions like the Egyptians, stars like
+the Chaldeans, a sword like the Scythians—that is
+nothing to us; but when they refuse to swear by the
+Emperor and to offer sacrifice for the welfare of the
+empire then, I say, they are bad citizens, and should
+be sent to the lions.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The lions,</q> laughed the stout man, <q>seem to
+respond to the voice, which sounded in their ears,
+<q>Dinner for you, good beasts!</q> Well, may we have
+good sport at the games founded by Domitius Afer.
+I love to lie in bed when the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">circius</foreign> (mistral) howls
+and the snowflakes fly. Then one feels snug and
+enjoys the contrast. So in the amphitheater one
+realizes the blessedness of life when one looks on at
+<pb n="109"/><anchor id="Pg109"/>wretches in the hug of the bear, or being mumbled
+by lions, or played with by panthers.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perhaps the only man whom the blast did not
+startle was Tarsius, the inebriated slave, who had
+been expelled the house of Baudillas, and who was
+engrossed only with his own wrongs, and who
+departed swearing that he excommunicated the
+Church, not the Church him. He muttered threats;
+he stood haranguing on his own virtues, his piety,
+his generosity of spirit; he recorded many acts of
+charity he had done. <q>And I—I to be turned out!
+They are a scurvy lot. Not worthy of me. I will
+start a sect of my own, see if I do not.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Whilst reeling along, growling, boasting, confiding
+his wrongs to the walls on each side, he ran
+against Callipodius just as the words were in his
+mouth: <q>I am a better Christian than all of them.
+I don’t affect sanctimoniousness in aspect, but I am
+sound, sound in my life—a plain, straight-walking
+man.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Are you so?</q> asked Callipodius. <q>Then I
+wish you would not festoon in such a manner as
+to lurch against me. You are a Christian. Hard
+times are coming for such as you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye, aye! I am a Christian. I don’t care who
+<pb n="110"/><anchor id="Pg110"/>knows it. I’m not the man to lapse or buy a
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">libellus</foreign>,<note place="foot">Certain Christians bought substitutes to sacrifice in their
+room and receive a ticket (<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">libellus</foreign>) certifying that they had sacrificed.
+The Church was a little perplexed how to deal with
+these timorous members, who were termed <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">libellatics</foreign>.</note> though they have turned me out.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Callipodius caught the fellow by the shoulder and
+shook him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Man,</q> said he. <q>Ah, a slave! I recognize
+you. You are of the family of Julius Largus
+Litomarus, the wool merchant. Come with me.
+The games are in a few days, and the director of the
+sports has been complaining that he wanted more
+prisoners to cast to the beasts. I have you in the
+nick of time. I heard you with these ears confess
+yourself to be a Christian, and the sole worthy one
+in the town. You are the man for us—plump and
+juicy, flushed with wine. By the heavenly twins,
+what a morsel you will make for the panthers!
+Come with me. If you resist I will summon the
+crowd, then perhaps they will elect to have you
+crucified. Come quietly, and it shall be panthers,
+not the cross. I will conduct you direct to the
+magistrate and denounce you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I pray you! I beseech you! I was talking
+<pb n="111"/><anchor id="Pg111"/>nonsense. I was enacting a part for the theater.
+I am no Christian; I was, but I have been turned
+out, excommunicated. My master and mistress believe,
+and just to please them and to escape stripes,
+and get a few favors such as are not granted to the
+others, I have—you understand.</q> The slave
+winked.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Beside Callipodius was a lad bearing a torch. He
+held it up and the flare fell over the face of the now
+sobered Tarsius.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come with me, fellow,</q> said Callipodius.
+<q>Nothing will save you but perfect obedience and
+compliance with what I direct. Hark! was not that
+the howl of the beasts. Mehercule! they snuff you
+already. My good friend Æmilius Lentulus Varo,
+the lawyer, will be your patron; a strong man. But
+you must answer my questions. Do you know the
+Lady Quincta and her daughter? Quincta is the
+widow of Harpinius Læto.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye, aye! the wench was fished out of the pond
+to-day.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is right. Where are they, do you know
+their house?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, but they are not at home now.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Where are they then?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="112"/><anchor id="Pg112"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Will you denounce them?</q> asked the slave
+nervously.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>On the contrary. They are menaced. I seek
+to save them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh! if that be all, I am your man. They are
+in the mansion of Baudillas, yonder—that is—but
+mum, I say! I must not speak. They kicked me
+out, but I am not ungenerous. I will denounce
+nobody. But if you want to save the ladies, I will
+help you with alacrity. They charged me with
+being drunk—not the ladies—the bishop did that—more
+shame to him. I but rinsed out my mouth
+with the Ambrussian. Every drop clear as amber.
+Ah, sir! in your cellar have you——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A rush of people up the street shouting, <q>The
+will of the god! the will of the god! It is being
+proclaimed in the forum.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+They swept round Callipodius and the slave,
+spinning them, as leaves are spun in a corner by an
+eddy of wind, then swept forward in the direction
+of the great square.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come aside with me, fellow,</q> said Callipodius,
+darting after the slave who was endeavoring to slink
+away. <q>What is your name? I know only your
+face marked by a scar.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="113"/><anchor id="Pg113"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tarsius, at your service, sir!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Good Tarsius, here is money, and I undertake
+to furnish you with a bottle of my best old Ambrussian
+for your private tipple, or to make merry
+therewith with your friends. Be assured, no harm
+is meant. The priests of Nemausus seek to recover
+possession of the lady Perpetua, and it is my aim
+to smuggle her away to a place of security. Do
+thou watch the door, and I will run and provide
+litters and porters. Do thou assure the ladies that
+the litters are sent to convey them in safety to where
+they will not be looked for; say thy master’s house.
+I will answer for the rest. Hast thou access to
+them?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye! I know the pass-word. And though I
+have been expelled, yet in the confusion and alarm
+I may be suffered again to enter.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Very excellent. Thou shalt have thy flask and
+an ample reward. Say that the litters are sent by
+thy master, Largus Litomarus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Right, sir! I will do thy bidding.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Callipodius hastened in the direction of the
+habitation of Æmilius.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the forum filled with people, crowding
+on one another, all quivering with excitement.
+<pb n="114"/><anchor id="Pg114"/>Above were the stars. Here and there below,
+torches. Presently the chief magistrate arrived
+with his lictors, and a maniple of soldiers to keep
+order and make a passage through the mob between
+the Temple of Nemausus and the forum.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Few women were present. Such as were, belonged
+to the lowest of the people. But there were
+boys and men, old and young, slaves, artisans, freedmen,
+and citizens.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among the ignorant and the native population
+the old Paganism had a strong hold, and their interests
+attached a certain number of all classes to it.
+But the popular Paganism was not a religion affecting
+the lives by the exercise of moral control. It
+was devoid of any ethic code. It consisted in a
+system of sacrifice to obtain a good journey, to ward
+off fevers, to recover bad debts, to banish blight and
+mildew. The superstitious lived in terror lest by
+some ill-considered act, by some neglect, they should
+incur the wrath of the jealous gods and bring
+catastrophe on themselves or their town. They
+were easily excited by alarm, and were unreasonable
+in their selfish fervor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ever in anticipation of some disaster, an earthquake,
+a murrain, fire or pestilence, they were ready
+<pb n="115"/><anchor id="Pg115"/>to do whatever they were commanded, so as to avert
+danger from themselves. The words of the Apostle
+to the Hebrews describing the Gentiles as being
+through fear of death all their lifetime subject to
+bondage, were very true. The ignorant and superstitious
+may be said to have existed on the verge of
+a panic, always in terror lest their gods should hurt
+them, and cringing to them in abject deprecation of
+evil. It was this fear for themselves and their substance
+that rendered them cruel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The procession came from the temple. Torches
+were borne aloft, a long wavering line of lurid fire,
+and vessels were carried in which danced lambent
+flames that threw out odoriferous fumes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+First came the priests; they walked with their
+heads bowed and their arms folded across their
+breasts, and with fillets of wool around their heads.
+Then followed the priestesses shrouded in sable
+mantles over their white tunics. All moved in
+silence. A hush fell on the multitude. Nothing
+was heard in the stillness save the tramp of feet in
+rhythm. When the procession had reached the
+forum, the chief priestess ascended the rostrum, and
+the flambeau-bearers ranged themselves in a half-circle
+below. She was a tall, splendidly formed
+<pb n="116"/><anchor id="Pg116"/>woman, with profuse dark hair, an ivory complexion,
+flashing black eyes under heavy brows.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Suddenly she raised her arms and extended them,
+letting the black pall drop from her shoulders, and
+reveal her in a woven silver robe, like a web of
+moonlight, and with white bare arms. In her right
+she bore an ivory silver-bound wand with mistletoe
+bound about it, every berry of translucent stone.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then amidst dead silence she cried: <q>The god
+hath spoken, he who founded this city, from whom
+are sprung its ancient patrician families, who supplieth
+you with crystal water from his urn. The
+holy one demands that she who hath been taken
+from him be surrendered to him again, and that
+punishment be inflicted on the Christians who have
+desecrated his statue. If this, his command, be not
+fulfilled, then will he withhold the waters, and
+deliver over the elect city to be a desolation, the
+haunt of the lizard and the owl and bat. To the
+lions with the Christians! <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">Locutus est Divus
+Archegos!</foreign></q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="11" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="117"/><anchor id="Pg117"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XI. Palanquins"/><index index="pdf" level1="XI. Palanquins"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XI<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">PALANQUINS</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+With the exception of the bishop, Marcianus, and
+a few others, all assembled at the Agape were struck
+with the liveliest terror. They entertained no
+doubt but that the sound that shook the walls was
+provoked by the outrage on the image of the tutelary
+god, following on the rescue of the victim <anchor id="corr117"/><corr sic="alloted">allotted</corr>
+to him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The pagan inhabitants of Nemausus were roused
+to exasperation. The priesthood would employ
+every available means to work this resentment to
+a paroxysm, and the result would be riot and murder,
+perhaps an organized persecution.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It must be understood that although the Roman
+State recognized other religions than the established
+paganism, as that of the Jews, and allowed the
+votaries freedom of worship, yet Christianity was
+not of this number. It was in itself illegal, and any
+magistrate, at his option, in any place and at any
+time, might put the laws in force against the members
+of the Church. Not only so, but any envious,
+<pb n="118"/><anchor id="Pg118"/>bigoted, or resentful person might compel a magistrate
+to take cognizance of the presence of Christians
+in the district under his jurisdiction, and require
+him to capitally convict those brought before him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The system in the Roman Commonwealth for the
+maintenance of order was that every man was empowered
+to act as spy upon and delate another.
+Any man might accuse his neighbor, his brother,
+before the court; and if he could prove his charge,
+the magistrate had no option—he must sentence.
+Consequently the Christians depended for their
+safety on the favor of their fellow-citizens, on their
+own abstention from giving offence.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The sole protection against false accusations in the
+Roman Commonwealth lay in the penalties to which
+an accuser was subject should he fail to establish
+his charge. But as on conviction a portion of the
+estate of the guilty person was handed over to the
+accuser, there was an inducement to delation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Under the Julian and Claudian Cæsars the system
+had worked terribly. An entire class of men
+made denunciation their trade. They grew rich on
+the spoils of their victims, they spared none, and
+the judges themselves lived in fear of them. The
+evil became so intolerable that measures were taken
+<pb n="119"/><anchor id="Pg119"/>to accentuate the risk to the accusers. If the Christians
+were not oftener denounced, the reason was
+that in the event of one lapsing, and through terror
+or pain abjuring Christ, then immediately the tables
+were turned, and the accuser was placed in danger
+of his life.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When an Emperor issued an edict against the
+Christians he enacted no new law; he merely required
+that the <anchor id="corr119"/><corr sic="exisiting">existing</corr> laws should be put in force
+against them, and all risk to delators was removed
+in that no delation was exacted. On such an occasion
+every citizen and householder was required
+to appear before the court and offer a few grains
+of incense on an altar to the genius of the empire
+or of the prince. Should any one refuse to do this,
+then he was convicted of high treason and delivered
+over to the executioner to be either tortured or put
+to death off-hand. When the magistrate deemed
+it important to obtain a recantation, then he had
+recourse to the rack, iron hooks, torches, thumbscrews
+as means of forcing the prisoner through
+pain to abjure Christ.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Christians in Nemausus had lived in complete
+tranquillity. There had been no persecution. They
+had multiplied.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="120"/><anchor id="Pg120"/>
+
+<p>
+The peace enjoyed by the Church had been to it
+of a mixed advantage. Many had been included
+whose conversion was due to questionable motives.
+Some had joined through sincere conviction; more
+from conviction seasoned with expectation of advantage.
+The poor had soon learned that a very rich
+and abundant stream of charity flowed in the
+Church, that in it the sick and feeble were cared
+for and their necessities were supplied, whereas in
+the established paganism no regard was paid to the
+needy and suffering. Among the higher classes
+there were adherents who attached themselves to the
+Church rather because they disbelieved in heathenism
+than that they held to the Gospel. Some accepted
+the truth with the head, but their hearts
+remained untouched.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+None had given freer expression to his conviction
+that there were weak-kneed and unworthy members
+than Marcianus the deacon. He had remonstrated
+with the bishop, he had scolded, repelled, but without
+effect. And now he had taken a daring step,
+the consequence of which would be that the members
+of the community would indeed be put to the
+test whether they were for Christ or Mammon. The
+conviction that a time of trial was come broke on
+<pb n="121"/><anchor id="Pg121"/>the community like a thundercloud, and produced a
+panic. Many doubted their constancy, all shrank
+from being brought to a trial of their faith. The
+congregation in the house of Baudillas, when it had
+recovered from the first shock, resolved itself into
+groups agitated by various passions. Some launched
+into recrimination against Marcianus, who had
+brought them into jeopardy; some consulted in
+whispers how to escape the danger; a few fell into
+complete stupefaction of mind, unable to decide on
+any course. Others, again, abandoned themselves
+to despair and shrieked forth hysterical lamentations.
+Some crowded around Castor, clung to his
+garments and entreated him to save them. Others
+endeavored to escape from a place and association
+that would compromise them, by the back entrance
+to the servants’ portion of the house.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A few, a very few maintained their composure,
+and extending their arms fell to prayer.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas hurried from one party to another uttering
+words of reassurance, but his face was blanched,
+his voice quivered, and he was obviously employing
+formal expressions that conveyed no strength to his
+own heart. Marcianus, with folded arms, looked at
+him scornfully, and as he passed, said, <q>The bishop
+<pb n="122"/><anchor id="Pg122"/>should not have ordained such an unstable and quaking
+being as thyself to serve in the sacred ministry.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah, brother,</q> sighed Baudillas, <q>it is with me
+as with Peter. The spirit truly is willing, but the
+flesh is weak.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That was spoken of him,</q> answered Marcianus,
+<q>before Pentecost and the outpouring of the spirit
+of strength. Such timidity, such feebleness are
+unworthy of a Christian.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pray for me that my faith fail not,</q> said Baudillas,
+and passed on. By action he deadened his
+fears. Now came in Pedo, the old servant of the
+house, who had been sent forth to reconnoiter. His
+report was not reassuring. The mob was sweeping
+through the streets, and insisting on every household
+producing an image at its doors and placing a light
+before it. There were fuglemen who directed the
+crowd, which had been divided into bands to perambulate
+every division of the town and make inquisition
+of every house. The mob had begun by
+breaking into such dwellings as were not protected
+by an image, and wrecking them. But after one or
+two of such acts of violence, the magistrates had
+interfered, and although they suffered the people
+to assemble before the houses and to clamor for the
+<pb n="123"/><anchor id="Pg123"/>production of an image and a light, yet they sent
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">vigiles</foreign> (<hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi>, the watch) to guard such dwellings as
+remained undecorated. When the master of the
+house refused obedience to the mandate of the mob,
+then an officer ordered him to open the door, and he
+summoned him to appear next day in court and there
+do sacrifice. By this means the mob was satisfied
+and passed on without violence.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But as the crowd marched down the streets it
+arrested every man and woman that was encountered,
+and insisted on their swearing by the gods and
+blaspheming Christ.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Castor ordered the congregation to depart by twos
+and by threes, to take side alleys, and to avoid the
+main thoroughfares. This was possible, as the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">posticum</foreign>, a back door, communicated with a mean
+street that had the city wall for one side.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My sons and daughters in Christ,</q> said the
+bishop with composure, <q>remember that greater is
+He that is with us than those that be against us.
+When the servant of Elisha feared, then the Lord
+opened his eyes that he might behold the angels with
+chariots and horses of fire prepared to defend His
+servant. Avoid danger, but if it cannot be avoided
+stand firm. Remember His words, <q>He that
+con<pb n="124"/><anchor id="Pg124"/>fesseth me before men, him will I also confess before
+my Father which is in heaven.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As soon as all had departed, but not till then, did
+Castor leave. Marcianus turned with a sneer to his
+fellow-deacon and said, <q>Fly! you have full license
+from the bishop; and he sets the example himself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I must tarry in my own house,</q> answered Baudillas.
+<q>I have the ladies Quincta and Perpetua
+under my protection. They cannot return to their
+home until they be fetched.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So! they lean on a broken reed such as thee!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Alack! they have none other to trust to.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The mob is descending our street,</q> cried the
+slave, Pedo, limping in.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What are we to do?</q> asked Quincta trembling.
+<q>If they discover me and my daughter here we are
+undone. They will tear her from my arms.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon <anchor id="corr125"/><corr sic="Baudillas,">Baudillas</corr> clasped his hands to his
+head. Then his slave said: <q>Master, Tarsius is at
+the door with litters and bearers. He saith he hath
+been sent for the lady Perpetua.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And for me?</q> asked Quincta eagerly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And for thee also, lady. It is said that guards
+are observing thy house and that, therefore, thy
+slaves cannot venture hither. Therefore, so says
+<pb n="125"/><anchor id="Pg125"/>Tarsius, his master, the wool-merchant, Julius
+Largus, hath sent his litters and porters.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But his house will be visited!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The bearers have instructions as to what shall
+be done.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This is strange,</q> said Quincta. <q>I did not suppose
+that Largus Litomarus would have shown such
+consideration. We are not acquainted—indeed we
+belong to different classes——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yet are ye one in Christ,</q> said the deacon.
+<q>Call in Tarsius, he shall explain the matter. But
+let him be speedy or the rabble will be on us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>They are at the head of the street,</q> said the
+slave, <q>and visit the door of Terentius Cominius.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He believes.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And he has set out a figure of the Good Shepherd
+before his door with a lamp. The crowd regards it
+as a Mercury and has cheered and gone on to the
+next door.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tarsius, thoroughly recovered from his intoxication,
+was now admitted. He looked none in the
+face, and stumbled through his tale. Julius Largus
+Litomarus had bidden him offer his litters; there
+were curtains closing them, and his servants would
+convey the ladies to a place of security.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="126"/><anchor id="Pg126"/>
+
+<p>
+Quincta was too frightened, too impatient to be
+off, to question the man, nor was the deacon more
+nice in inquiry, for he also was in a condition of
+nervous unrest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The shouts of the mob could be heard.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not wholly trust this man,</q> said Baudillas.
+<q>He was expelled for misconduct. Yet, what can
+we do? Time presses! Hark!—in a brief space
+the rabble will be here. Next house is a common
+lodging and will not detain them. Would that
+Marcianus had remained. He could have advised
+us. Madam, act as you think best.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The mob is on the move,</q> said Pedo. <q>They
+have been satisfied at the house of Dulcius Liber,
+and now Septimus Philadelphus is bringing out half-a-dozen
+gods. Master—there is not a moment to
+be lost.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Let us fly—quick!</q> gasped Quincta.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She plucked her daughter’s arm, and fairly
+dragged her along the passage out of the house.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the street they saw a flare. The rabble, held
+in control by some directing spirit, was furnished
+with torches. It was roaring outside a house, impatient
+because no statue was produced, and proceeded
+to throw stones and batter the door.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="127"/><anchor id="Pg127"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>That house is empty,</q> whispered Pedo. <q>The
+master was bankrupt and everything sold. There
+is not a person in it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Quincta mounted the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">lectica</foreign> or palanquin that
+was offered, without looking whether her daughter
+were safe, and allowed the bearers, nay urged them,
+to start at a trot.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tarsius remained behind. He handed Perpetua
+into the second closed litter, then gave the word,
+and ran beside it, holding the curtains together with
+one hand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas trembling for himself was now left
+alone.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="12" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="128"/><anchor id="Pg128"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XII. Reus"/><index index="pdf" level1="XII. Reus"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">REUS</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+<q>Master!</q> said the old slave, moving uneasily
+on his stiff joint, before the even more nervously
+agitated master, <q>Master, there is the freedwoman
+Glyceria below, who comes in charing. She has
+brought an idol of Tarranus under her cloak, and
+offers to set that with a lamp before the door. She
+is not a believer, she worships devils, but is a good
+soul and would save us. She awaits your permission.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon was profoundly moved.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It must not be! It may not be! I—I am a
+deacon of the Church. This is known to be a
+Christian household. The Church is in my house,
+and here the divine mysteries are celebrated. If
+she had not asked my leave, and had—if—but
+no, I cannot sanction this. God strengthen me,
+I am distracted and weak.</q> The slave remained.
+He expected that his master in the end would
+yield.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And yet,</q> stammered Baudillas, <q>He hath
+com<pb n="129"/><anchor id="Pg129"/>passion on the infirm and feeble. He forgave Peter.
+May He not pardon me if—? Glyceria is a heathen
+woman. She does not belong to my family. I
+did not propose this. I am not responsible for her
+acts. But no—it would be a betrayal of the truth,
+a dishonor to the Church. He that confesseth me
+before men—no, no, Pedo, it may not be.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And now it is too late,</q> said the slave. <q>They
+are at the door.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Blows resounded through the house, and the
+roar of voices from the street surged up over the
+roof, and poured in through the opening over the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">impluvium</foreign>. It was as though a mighty sea were
+thundering against the house and the waves curled
+over it and plunged in through the gap above the
+court.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You must open, Pedo. I will run upstairs for
+a moment and compose myself. Then—if it must
+be—but do not suffer the rabble to enter. If a
+prefect be there, or his underling and soldiers, let
+them keep the door. Say I shall be down directly.
+Yet stay—is the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">posticum</foreign> available for escape?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir—the mob have detailed a party to go to
+the backs of the houses and watch every way of
+exit.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="130"/><anchor id="Pg130"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then it is God’s will that I be taken. I cannot
+help myself. I am glad I said No to the offer of
+Glyceria.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon ascended a flight of limestone steps to
+the upper story. The slabs were worn and cracked,
+and had not been repaired owing to his poverty. He
+entered a room that looked out on the street, and
+went to the window.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The street above his doorway was dense with
+people, below it was completely empty. Torches
+threw up a glare illumining the white façades of the
+houses. He saw a sea of heads below. He heard
+the growl of voices breaking into a foam of coarse
+laughter. Curses uttered against the Christians,
+blasphemies against Christ, words of foulness,
+threats, brutal jests, formed the matter of the hubbub
+below. A man bearing a white wand with a
+sprig of artificial mistletoe at the end, gave directions
+to the people where to go, where to stop, what
+to do. He was the head of the branch of the guild
+of the Cultores Nemausi for that portion of the
+town.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Someone in the mob lifting his face, looked up
+and saw the deacon at the window, and at once
+shouted, <q>There! there he is! Baudillas Macer,
+<pb n="131"/><anchor id="Pg131"/>come down, sacrilegious one! That is he who
+carried the maiden away.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then rose hoots and yells, and a boy putting his
+hands together and blowing produced an unearthly
+scream.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is one of them! He is a ringleader! He
+has an ass’s head in the house to which he sacrifices
+our little ones. He it was who stuck needles into
+the child of the potter Fusius, and then gnawed off
+the cheeks and fingers. He can inform where is
+the daughter of Aulus Harpinius who was snatched
+from the basin of the god. Let us avenge on him
+the great sacrilege that has been committed. It was
+he who struck off the head of the god.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then one flung a stone that crashed into the room,
+and had not Baudillas drawn back, it would have
+struck and thrown him down stunned.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Let the house be ransacked!</q> yelled the mob.
+<q>We will seek in it for the bones of the murdered
+children. Break open the door if he will not unfasten.
+Bring a ladder, we will enter by the windows.
+Someone ascend to the roof and drop into
+the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">atrium</foreign>.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then ensued a rush against the valves, but they
+were too solid to yield; and the bars held them
+<pb n="132"/><anchor id="Pg132"/>firm, run as they were into their sockets in the solid
+wall.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The slave Pedo now knocked on the inside. This
+was the signal that he was about to open.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The soldiers drew up across the entrance, and
+when the door was opened, suffered none to enter
+the house save the deputy of the prefect with four
+of his police, and some of the leaders of the Cultores
+Nemausi. And now a strange calm fell on the
+hitherto troubled spirit of Baudillas. He was aware
+that no effort he could make would enable him to
+escape. His knees, indeed, shook under him as
+he went to the stairs to descend, and forgetting
+that the tenth step was broken, he stumbled at it
+and was nearly precipitated to the bottom. Yet
+all wavering, all hesitation in his mind was at an
+end.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He saw the men in the court running about, calling
+to each other, peering into every room, cubicle,
+and closet; one called that the cellar was the place
+in which the infamous rites of the Christians were
+performed and that there would be found amphoræ
+filled with human blood. Then one shouted that
+in the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">tablinum</foreign> there was naught save a small table.
+Immediately after a howl rose from those who had
+<pb n="133"/><anchor id="Pg133"/>penetrated to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">triclinium</foreign>, and next moment they
+came rushing forth in such excitement that they
+dragged down the curtain that hung before the door
+and entangled their feet in it. One, not staying to
+disengage himself, held up his hands and exhibited
+the broken head of the statue, that had been brought
+there by Marcianus, and by him left on the floor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is he who has done it! The sacrilegious one!
+The defacer of the holy image!</q> howled the men,
+and fell upon the deacon with their fists. Some
+plucked at his hair; one spat in his face. Others
+kicked him, and tripping him up, cast him his length
+on the ground, where they would have beaten and
+trampled the life out of him, had not the deputy
+of the ædile interfered, rescued him from the hands
+of his assailants and thrust him into a chamber at
+the side of the hall, saying: <q>He shall be brought
+before the magistrate. It is not for you to take
+into your hands the execution of criminals untried
+and uncondemned.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then one of the officers of the club ran to the
+doorway of the house, and cried: <q>Citizens of Nemausus,
+hearken. The author of the egregious
+impiety has been discovered. It is Cneius Baudillas
+Macer, who belongs to an ancient, though decayed,
+<pb n="134"/><anchor id="Pg134"/>family of this town. He who should have been
+the last to dishonor the divine founder has raised
+his parricidal hand against him. He stands convicted.
+The head of the god has been found in the
+house; it is that recently broken off from the statue
+by the baths. Eheu! Eheu! Woe be to the city,
+unless this indignity be purged away.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A yell of indignation rose as an answer.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The slave Pedo was suffered to enter the bedroom,
+on the floor of which lay his master bruised and with
+his face bleeding; for some of his front teeth had
+been broken and his lips were cut.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh master! dear master! What is to be done?</q>
+asked the faithful creature, sobbing in his distress.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I wonder greatly, Pedo, how I have endured
+so much. My fear is lest in the end I fall away.
+I enjoin you—there is naught else you can do for
+me—seek the bishop, and ask that the prayers of the
+Church may go up to the Throne of Grace for me.
+I am feeble and frail. I was a frightened shy lad
+in old times. If I were to fall, it would be a shame
+to the Church of God in this town, this Church that
+has so many more worthy than myself in it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Can I bring thee aught, master? Water and a
+towel?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="135"/><anchor id="Pg135"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, nothing, Pedo! Do as I bid. It is all
+that I now desire.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The soldiers entered, raised the deacon, and made
+him walk between them. A man was placed in
+front, another behind to protect him against the
+people. As Baudillas was conveyed down the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">ostium</foreign>, the passage to the door, he could see faces
+glowering in at him; he heard angry voices howling
+at him; an involuntary shrinking came over
+him, but he was irresistibly drawn forward by
+the soldiers. On being thrust through the doorway
+before all, then a great roar broke forth, fists and
+sticks were shaken at him, but none ventured to
+cast stones lest the soldiers should be struck.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One portion of the mob now detached itself from
+the main body, so as to follow and surround the
+deacon and assure itself that he did not escape before
+he was consigned to the prison.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The city of Nemausus, capital of the Volcæ Arecomici,
+though included geographically in the province
+of Narbonese Gaul, was in fact an independent
+republic, not subject to the proconsul, but under
+Roman suzerainty. With twenty-four <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">comæ</foreign> or
+townships under it, it governed itself by popular
+election, and enjoyed the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">lex Italica</foreign>. This little
+<pb n="136"/><anchor id="Pg136"/>republic was free from land tax, and it was governed
+by four functionaries, the Quatuor-viri, two of whom
+looked after the finances, and two, like the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">duum-viri</foreign>
+elsewhere, were for the purpose of maintaining
+order, and the criminal jurisdiction was in their
+hands. Their title in full was <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">duum viri juri
+dicendo</foreign>, and they were annually elected by the
+senate. Their function was much that in small of
+the Roman consuls, and they were sometimes in joke
+entitled consuls. They presided over the senate
+and had the government of the town and state in
+their hands during their tenure of office. On leaving
+their office they petitioned for and received the
+right to ride horses, and were accounted knights.
+They wore the dignified <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">præ texta</foreign>, and were attended
+by two lictors.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas walked between his escort. He was
+in a dazed condition. The noise, the execrations
+cast at him, the flashing of the torches on the helmets
+and breastplates of the guard, the glittering eyes and
+teeth of the faces peering at him, the pain from the
+contusions he had received combined to bewilder
+him. In the darkness and confusion of his brain,
+but one thought remained permanent and burnt like
+a brilliant light, his belief in Christ, and one desire
+<pb n="137"/><anchor id="Pg137"/>occupied his soul, to be true to his faith. He was
+too distracted to pray. He could not rally his senses
+nor fix his ideas, but the yearning of his humble
+soul rose up, like the steam from a new turned glebe
+in the sun of a spring morning.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In times of persecution certain strong spirits had
+rushed to confession and martyrdom in an intoxication
+of zeal, such as Baudillas could not understand.
+He did not think of winning the crown of martyrdom,
+but he trembled lest he should prove a castaway.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thrust forward, dragged along, now stumbling,
+then righted by the soldiers sustaining him, Baudillas
+was conveyed to the forum and to the basilica
+where the magistrate was seated.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On account of the disturbance, the Duum-vir—we
+will so term him though he was actually one of
+the Quatuor-viri—he whose turn it was to maintain
+order and administer justice, had taken his place
+in the court, so as to be able to consign to custody
+such as were brought in by the guard on suspicion
+of being implicated in the outrage; he was there as
+well for the purpose of being ready to take measures
+promptly should the mob become unmanageable.
+So long as it was under control, he did not
+<pb n="138"/><anchor id="Pg138"/>object to its action, but he had no thought of letting
+it get the upper hand. Rioters, like children, have
+a liking for fire, and if they were suffered to apply
+their torches to the houses of Christians might produce
+a general conflagration.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Although the magistrates were chosen by popular
+election, it was not those who constituted the rabble
+who had votes, and had to be humored, but the
+citizen householders, who viewed the upheaval of
+the masses with jealous suspicion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That the proceedings should be conducted in an
+orderly manner, instructions had been issued that no
+arrest was to be made without there being someone
+forthcoming to act as accuser, and the soldiers were
+enjoined to protect whosoever was menaced against
+whom no one was prepared to formulate a charge
+which he would sustain in court.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the case of Baudillas there would be no difficulty.
+The man—he was the treasurer of the guild—who
+had found the mutilated head was ready to
+appear against him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The court into which the deacon was brought
+rapidly filled with a crowd, directly he had been
+placed in what we should now call the dock. Then
+the accuser stood up and gave his name. The
+magis<pb n="139"/><anchor id="Pg139"/>trate accepted the accusation. Whereupon the
+accuser made oath that he acted from no private
+motive of hostility to the accused, and that he was
+not bribed by a third person to delate him. This
+done, he proceeded to narrate how he had entered
+the house of Baudillas, surnamed Macer, who was
+generally believed to be a minister of the sect of
+the Christians; how that in searching the house he
+had lighted on a mutilated head on the pavement
+of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">triclinium</foreign>. He further stated that he well
+knew the statue of the god Nemausus that stood
+by the fountain which supplied the lower town, and
+that he was firmly convinced that the head which he
+now produced had belonged to the statue, which
+statue had that very night been wantonly and impiously
+defaced. He therefore concluded that the
+owner of the house, Baudillas Macer, was either
+directly or indirectly guilty of the act of sacrilege,
+and he demanded his punishment in accordance
+with the law.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This sufficed as preliminary.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas was now <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">reus</foreign>, and as such was ordered
+to be conveyed to prison, there to be confined until
+the morning, when the interrogation would take
+place.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="13" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="140"/><anchor id="Pg140"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XIII. Ad Fines"/><index index="pdf" level1="XIII. Ad Fines"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XIII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">AD FINES</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua was carried along at a swinging trot in
+the closed litter, till the end of the street had been
+reached, and then, after a corner had been turned,
+the bearers relaxed their pace. It was too dark
+for her to see what were the buildings past which
+she was taken, even had she withdrawn the curtains
+that shut in the litter; but to withdraw these curtains
+would have required her to exert some force, as they
+were held together in the grasp of Tarsius, running
+and striding at the side. But, indeed, she did not
+suppose it necessary to observe the direction in which
+she was being conveyed. She had accepted in good
+faith the assurance that the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">lectica</foreign> had been sent
+by the rich Christian wool merchant, Largus Litomarus,
+and had acquiesced in her mother’s readiness
+to accept the offer, without a shadow of suspicion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+God had delivered her from a watery death, and
+she regarded the gift as one to be respected; her
+life thus granted her was not to be wilfully thrown
+<pb n="141"/><anchor id="Pg141"/>away or unnecessarily jeopardized. Unless she
+escaped from the house of the deacon, she would
+fall into the hands of the rabble, and this was a
+prospect more terrifying than any other. If called
+upon again to witness a good confession, she would
+do so, God helping her, but she was glad to be spared
+the ordeal.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was not till the porters halted, and knocked at
+a door, and she had descended from the palanquin,
+that some suspicion crossed her mind that all was
+not right. She looked about her, and inquired for
+her mother. Then one whom she had not hitherto
+noticed drew nigh, bowing, and said: <q>Lady, your
+youthful and still beautiful mother will be here
+presently. The slaves who carry her have gone
+about another way so as to divert attention from
+your priceless self, should any of the mob have set
+off in pursuit.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The tone of the address surprised the girl. Her
+mother was not young, and although in her eyes
+that mother was lovely, yet Quincta was not usually
+approached with expressions of admiration for her
+beauty.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again Perpetua accepted what was said, as the
+reason given was plausible, and entered the house.
+<pb n="142"/><anchor id="Pg142"/>The first thing she observed, by the torch glare, was
+a statue of Apollo. She was surprised, and inquired,
+hesitatingly, <q>Is this the house of Julius Largus
+Litomarus?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Admirable is your ladyship’s perspicuity. Even
+in the dark those more-than-Argus eyes discern the
+truth. The worthy citizen Largus belongs to the
+sect. He is menaced as well as other excellent
+citizens by the unreasoning and irrational vulgar.
+He has therefore instructed that you should be conveyed
+to the dwelling of a friend, only deploring
+that it should be unworthy of your presence.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>May I ask your name, sir?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Septimus Callipodius, at your service.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not remember to have heard the name,
+but,</q> she added with courtesy, <q>that is due to my
+ignorance as a young girl, or to my defective
+memory.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is a name that has not deserved to be harbored
+in the treasury of such a mind.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The girl was uneasy. The fulsome compliment
+and the obsequious bow of the speaker were not
+merely repugnant to her good taste, but filled her
+with vague misgivings. It was true that exaggeration
+and flattery in address were common enough
+<pb n="143"/><anchor id="Pg143"/>at the period, but not among Christians, who abstained
+from such extravagance. The mode of
+speaking adopted by Callipodius stamped him as
+not being one of the faithful.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I will summon a female slave to attend on your
+ladyship,</q> said he; <q>and she will conduct you to
+the women’s apartments. Ask for whatever you
+desire. The entire contents of the house are at your
+disposal.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I prefer to remain here in the court till my
+mother shall arrive.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Alas! adorable lady! it is possible that you may
+have to endure her absence for some time. Owing
+to the disturbed condition of the streets, it is to be
+feared that her carriage has been stopped; it is not
+unlikely that she may have been compelled to take
+refuge elsewhere; but, under no circumstances short
+of being absolutely prevented from joining you, will
+she fail to meet you to-morrow in the villa Ad
+Fines.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Whose villa?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The villa to which, for security, you and your
+mother the Lady Quincta are to be conveyed till
+the disturbances are over, and the excitement in
+men’s minds has abated. By Hercules! one might
+<pb n="144"/><anchor id="Pg144"/>say that the drama of the quest of Proserpine by
+Ceres were being rehearsed, were it not that the
+daughter is seeking the mother as well as the latter
+her incomparable child.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot go to Ad Fines without her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady, in all humility, as unworthy to advise you
+in anything, I would venture to suggest that your
+safety depends on accepting the means of escape that
+are offered. The high priestess has declared that
+nothing will satisfy the incensed god but that you
+should be surrendered to her, and what mercy you
+would be likely to encounter at her hands, after what
+has taken place, your penetrating mind will readily
+perceive. Such being the case, I dare recommend
+that you snatch at the opportunity offered, fly the
+city and hide in the villa of a friend who will die
+rather than surrender you. None will suspect that
+you are there.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What friend? Largus Litomarus is scarcely to
+be termed an acquaintance of my mother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Danger draws close all generous ties,</q> said
+Callipodius.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But my mother?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Your mother, gifted with vast prudence, may
+have judged that her presence along with you would
+<pb n="145"/><anchor id="Pg145"/>increase the danger to yourself. I do not say so.
+But it may so happen that her absence at this
+moment may be due to her good judgment. On
+the other hand, it may also have chanced, as I
+already intimated, that her litter has been stayed,
+and she has been constrained to sacrifice.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That she will never do.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>In that case, I shudder at the consequences.
+But why suppose the worst? She has been delayed.
+And now, lady, suffer me to withdraw—it is an
+eclipse of my light to be beyond the radiance of
+your eyes. I depart, however, animated by the conviction,
+and winging my steps, that I go to perform
+your dearest wish—to obtain information relative
+to your lady mother, and to learn when and where
+she will rejoin you. Be ready to start at dawn—as
+soon as the city gates are opened, and that will
+be in another hour.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Perpetua resigned herself to the female servants,
+who led her into the inner and more private
+portions of the house, reached by means of a passage
+called <q>the Jaws</q> (<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">fauces</foreign>).
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua was aware that she was in a difficult
+situation, one in which she was unable to know how
+she was placed, and from which she could not
+extri<pb n="146"/><anchor id="Pg146"/>cate herself. She was young and inexperienced, and,
+on the whole, inclined to trust what she was told.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In pagan Rome, it was not customary for girls to
+be allowed the liberty that alone could give them
+self-confidence. Perhaps the condition of that evil
+world was such that this would not have been possible.
+When the foulest vice flaunted in public without
+a blush, when even religion demoralized, then a
+Roman parent held that the only security for the
+innocence of a daughter lay in keeping her closely
+guarded from every corrupting sight and sound.
+She was separated from her brothers and from all
+men; she associated with her mother and with female
+slaves only. She was hardly allowed in the street or
+road, except in a litter with curtains close drawn,
+unless it were at some religious festival or public
+ceremony, when she was attended by her relatives
+and not allowed out of their sight.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This was due not merely to the fact that evil was
+rampant, but also to the conviction in the hearts of
+parents that innocence could be preserved only by
+ignorance. They were unable to supply a child
+with any moral principle, to give it any law for the
+government of life, which would plant the best
+guardian of virtue within, in the heart.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="147"/><anchor id="Pg147"/>
+
+<p>
+Augustus, knowing of no divine law, elevated
+sentimental admiration for the simplicity of the
+ancients into a principle—only to discover that it was
+inadequate to bear the strain put on it; that the
+young failed to comprehend why they should control
+their passions and deny themselves pleasures out
+of antiquarian pedantry. Marcus Aurelius had
+sought in philosophy a law that would keep life pure
+and noble, but his son Commodus cast philosophy
+to the winds as a bubble blown by the breath of man,
+and became a monster of vice. Public opinion was
+an unstable guide. It did worse than fluctuate, it
+sank. Much was tolerated under the Empire that
+was abhorrent to the conscience under the Republic.
+It allowed to-day what it had condemned yesterday.
+It was a nose of wax molded by the vicious governing
+classes, accommodated to their license.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Although a Christian maiden was supplied with
+that which the most exalted philosophy could not
+furnish—a revealed moral code, descending from
+the Creator of man for the governance of man, yet
+Christian parents could not expose their children to
+contamination of mind by allowing them the wide
+freedom given at this day to an English or American
+girl. Moreover, the customs of social life had to be
+<pb n="148"/><anchor id="Pg148"/>complied with, and could not be broken through.
+Christian girls were accordingly still under some
+restraint, were kept dependent on their parents, and
+were not allowed those opportunities for free action
+which alone develop individuality and give independence
+of character. Nevertheless, in times of
+persecution, when many of these maidens thus
+closely watched were brought to the proof of their
+faith, they proved as strong as men—so mighty was
+the grace of God, so stubborn was faith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Although Perpetua was greatly exhausted by the
+strain to which she had been exposed during the
+day, she could not rest when left to herself in a
+quiet room, so alarmed was she at the absence of
+her mother.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+An hour passed, then a second. Finally, steps
+sounded in the corridor before her chamber, and she
+knew that she must rise from the couch on which
+she had cast herself and continue her flight.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A slave presented herself to inform Perpetua
+that Callipodius had returned with the tidings that
+her mother was unable at once to rejoin her, that
+she was well and safe, and had preceded her to Ad
+Fines; that she desired her daughter to follow with
+the utmost expedition, and that she was impatient
+<pb n="149"/><anchor id="Pg149"/>to embrace her. The slave woman added that
+the streets were now quiet, the city gates were
+open, and that the litter was at the door in readiness.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I will follow you with all speed. Leave me to
+myself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then, when the slave had withdrawn, Perpetua
+hastily arranged her ruffled hair, extended her arms,
+and turning to the east, invoked the protection of
+the God who had promised, <q>I will never leave
+thee, nor forsake thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On descending to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">atrium</foreign>, Perpetua knelt by
+the water-tank and bathed her face and neck. Then
+she mounted the litter that awaited her outside the
+house. The bearers at once started at a run, nor
+did they desist till they had passed through the city
+gate on the road that led to the mountain range of
+the Cebennæ. This was no military way, but it led
+into the pleasant country where the citizens of Nemausus
+and some of the rich merchants of Narbo
+had their summer quarters.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The gray dawn had appeared. Market people
+from the country were coming into the town with
+their produce in baskets and carts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The bearers jogged along till the road ascended
+<pb n="150"/><anchor id="Pg150"/>with sufficient rapidity to make them short of breath.
+The morning was cold. A streak of light lay in
+the east, and the wind blew fresh from the same
+quarter. The colorless white dawn overflowed the
+plain of the Rhodanus, thickly strewn with olives,
+whose gray foliage was much of the same tint as
+the sky overhead. To the south and southeast the
+olive plantations were broken by tracts of water,
+some permanent lagoons, others due to recent inundations.
+To the right, straight as an arrow, white
+as snow, ran the high road from Italy to Spain, that
+crossed the Rhodanus at Ugernum, the modern
+Beaucaire, and came from Italy by Tegulata, the
+scene of the victory of Marius over the Cimbri, and
+by Aquæ Sextiæ and its hot springs.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The journey was long; the light grew. Presently
+the sun rose and flushed all with light and heat. The
+chill that had penetrated to the marrow of the
+drowsy girl gave way. She had refused food before
+starting; now, when the bearers halted at a little
+wayside tavern for refreshment and rest, she accepted
+some cakes and spiced wine from the fresh
+open-faced hostess with kindly eyes and a pleasant
+smile, and felt her spirits revive. Was she not to
+rejoin her dear mother? Had she not escaped with
+<pb n="151"/><anchor id="Pg151"/>her life from extreme peril? Was she not going to
+a place where she would be free from pursuit?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She continued her journey with a less anxious
+heart. The scenery improved, the heights were
+wooded, there were juniper bushes, here and there
+tufts of pale helebore.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the litter was borne on to a terrace before
+a mass of limestone crag and forest that rose in the
+rear. A slave came to the side of the palanquin
+and drew back the curtain. Perpetua saw a bright
+pretty villa, with pillars before it forming a peristyle.
+On the terrace was a fountain plashing in a
+basin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady,</q> said the slave, <q>this is Ad Fines. The
+master salutes you humbly, and requests that you
+will enter.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The master? What master?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Æmilius Lentulus Varo.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="14" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="152"/><anchor id="Pg152"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XIV. To the Lowest Depth"/><index index="pdf" level1="XIV. To the Lowest Depth"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XIV<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">TO THE LOWEST DEPTH</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas found that there were already many in
+the prison, who had been swept together by the mob
+and the soldiers, either for having refused to produce
+an image, or for having declined to sacrifice. To
+his no small surprise he saw among them the wool-merchant
+Julius Largus Litomarus. The crowd
+had surrounded his house, and as he had not complied
+with their demands, they had sent him to the
+duumvir,<note place="foot">I employ the term Duumvir for convenience. As already
+stated, there were four chief magistrates, but two only had
+criminal jurisdiction.</note> Petronius Atacinus, who had consigned
+him to prison till, at his leisure, he could investigate
+the charge against him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The two magistrates who sat in court and gave
+sentence were Petronius Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus,
+and they took it in turns to sit, each being
+the acting magistrate for a month, when he was succeeded
+by the other. Atacinus was a humane man,
+easy-going, related to the best families in the place,
+<pb n="153"/><anchor id="Pg153"/>and acquainted with such as he was not allied with
+by blood or marriage. His position, in face of the
+commotion relative to the mutilation of the image
+and the rescue of Perpetua, was not an easy one.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In Rome and in every other important city, the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign>, or chief priest, occupied a post of considerable
+importance and influence. He sat in the seat
+at the games and in the theater next to the chief
+magistrates, and took precedence over every other
+officer in the town. Nemausus had such a <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign>,
+and he was not only the official religious head in the
+place, but was also the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen Augustalis</foreign>, the pontiff
+connected with the worship of Augustus, which had
+become the predominant cult in Narbonese Gaul,
+and also head of the College of the Augustals, that
+comprised the very powerful body of freedmen.
+The priestess of the divine founder and giver of the
+fountain shared his dignity and authority. Between
+them they could exercise a preponderating power in
+the town, and it would be in vain for Petronius
+Atacinus, however easy-going he might be, and disinclined
+to shed blood, to pass over what had been
+done without affording satisfaction to the pagan
+party moved and held together by the priesthood.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Yet the duumvir judged that it would be
+emi<pb n="154"/><anchor id="Pg154"/>nently unadvisable for him to proceed with too great
+severity, and to punish too many persons. Christianity
+had many adherents in the place, and some
+of these belonged to the noble, others to the mercantile,
+families. The general wish among the well-to-do
+was that there should be no systematic persecution.
+An inquisitorial search after Christians
+would break up families, rouse angry passions, and,
+above all, disturb business.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Petronius had already resolved on his course.
+He had used every sort of evasion that could be
+practiced. He had knowingly abstained from enjoining
+on the keepers of the city gates the requisition
+of a passport from such as left the town. The
+more who fled and concealed themselves, the better
+pleased would he be.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nevertheless, he had no thought of allowing the
+mutilation of the statue to pass unpunished, and he
+was resolved on satisfying the priesthood by restoring
+Perpetua to them. If he were obliged to put
+any to death, he would shed the blood only of such
+as were inconsiderable and friendless.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There was another element that entered into the
+matter, and which helped to render Atacinus inclined
+to leniency. The Cæsar at the time was M.
+<pb n="155"/><anchor id="Pg155"/>Aurelius Antoninus, commonly known as Caracalla.
+He had been brought up from infancy by a Christian
+nurse, and was thought to harbor a lurking
+regard for the members of the religion of Christ.
+At any rate, he displayed no intolerance towards
+those who professed it. He was, himself, a ferocious
+tyrant, as capricious as he was cruel. He had murdered
+his brother Geta in a fit of jealousy, and his
+conscience, tortured by remorse, drove him to seek
+relief by prying into the mysteries of strange
+religions.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The duumvir Atacinus was alive to the inclinations
+and the temper of the prince, and was the more
+afraid of offending him by persecution of the Christians,
+as the Emperor was about shortly to visit Gaul,
+and might even pass through Nemausus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+If in such a condition of affairs the Christians
+were exposed to danger, it may well be inferred that,
+where it was less favorable, their situation was surrounded
+with danger. They were at all times liable
+to fall victims to popular tumults, occasioned sometimes
+by panic produced by an earthquake, by
+resentment at an accidental conflagration which the
+vulgar insisted on referring to the Christians, sometimes
+by distress at the breaking out of an epidemic.
+<pb n="156"/><anchor id="Pg156"/>On such occasions the unreasoning rabble clamored
+that the gods were incensed at the spread of the
+new atheism, and that the Christians must be cast
+to the lions.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When Baudillas saw the wool merchant in the
+prison, he went to him immediately. Litomarus
+was sitting disconsolately on a stone bench with his
+back against the prison wall.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I did not go to the Agape,</q> said he; <q>I
+was afraid to do so. But I might as well. The
+people bellowed under my windows like bulls of
+Bashan.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And you did not exhibit an image?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, I could not do that. Then the <foreign rend="italic" lang="la">viatores</foreign> of
+the ædiles took me in charge. I was hustled about,
+and was dragged off here. My wife fell down in
+a faint. I do not think she will recover the shock.
+She has been in a weak condition ever since the
+death of our little Cordula. We loved that child.
+We were wrapped up in her. Marcianus said that
+we made of the little creature an earthly idol, and
+that it was right she should be taken away. I do not
+know. She had such winning ways. One could
+not help loving her. She made such droll remarks,
+and screwed up her little eyes——</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="157"/><anchor id="Pg157"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>But before you were arrested, you thought considerately
+of Perpetua and her mother Quincta.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not understand to what you refer.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To the sending of litters for them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I sent no litters.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Your slave Tarsius came to my house to announce
+that you had been pleased to remember the
+ladies there taking refuge, and that you had placed
+your two palanquins at their disposal.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tarsius said this?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Even Tarsius.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tarsius is a slippery rascal. He was very fond
+of our little Cordula, and was wont to carry her
+on his shoulder, so we have liked him because of
+that. Nevertheless, he is—well, not trustworthy.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>May God avert that a trap has been laid to
+ensnare the virgin and her mother. Tarsius was
+expelled the Church for inebriety.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know nothing about the palanquins. I have
+but one. After the death of little Cordula, I did
+not care to keep a second. I always carry about
+with me a lock cut from her head after death. It
+is like floss silk.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The wool merchant was too greatly absorbed in
+his own troubles to give attention to the matter that
+<pb n="158"/><anchor id="Pg158"/>had been broached by the deacon. Baudillas withdrew
+to another part of the prison in serious concern.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When day broke, Litomarus was released. His
+brother was a pagan and had easily satisfied the
+magistrate. This brother was in the firm, and
+traveled for it, buying fleeces from the shepherds
+on the limestone plateaux of Niger and Larsacus.
+He had been away the day before, but on his return
+in the morning, on learning that Julius was arrested,
+he spoke with the duumvir, presented him with a
+ripe ewe’s milk cheese just brought by him from
+Larsacus, and obtained the discharge of Julius without
+further difficulty.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas remained in prison that morning, and
+it was not till the afternoon that he was conducted
+into court. By this time the duumvir was tired and
+irritable. The <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign> had arrived and had spoken
+with Atacinus, and complained that no example had
+been made, that the Christians were being released,
+and that, unless some sharp punishments were administered,
+the people, incensed at the leniency that
+had been exhibited, would break out in uproar again.
+Petronius Atacinus, angry, tired out, hungry and
+peevish, at once sent for the deacon.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The head of the god had been found in his house,
+<pb n="159"/><anchor id="Pg159"/>and he had been seen conveying the rescued virgin
+from the fountain, and must certainly know where
+she was concealed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was noticeable that nothing had been said about
+the punishing of Æmilius. Even the god, as interpreted
+by the priestess, had made no demand that
+he should be dealt with; in fact, had not mentioned
+him. The duumvir perfectly understood this reticence.
+Æmilius Lentulus belonged to a good family
+in the upper town, and to that most powerful and
+dreaded of all professions—the law. Even the
+divine founder shrank from attacking a member
+of the long robe, and a citizen of the upper town.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When Baudillas appeared in court, the magistrate
+demanded an explanation of the fact of the broken
+head being found in his house, and further asked
+of him where Perpetua was concealed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas would offer no explanation on the first
+head; he could not do so without incriminating his
+brother in the ministry. He denied that he had
+committed the act of violence, but not that he knew
+who had perpetrated the outrage. As to where Perpetua
+was, that he could not say, because he did
+not know. His profession of ignorance was not
+believed. He was threatened with torture, but in
+<pb n="160"/><anchor id="Pg160"/>vain. Thereupon the duumvir sentenced him to be
+committed to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign>, and consigned to the lowest
+depth thereof, there to remain till such time as he
+chose to reveal the required information.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Petronius Atacinus turned and looked at
+the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign> with a smile, and the latter responded
+with a well-satisfied nod.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A Roman prison consisted of several parts, and
+the degree of severity exercised was marked by the
+portion of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">carcer</foreign> to which the prisoner was consigned.
+Roman law knew nothing of imprisonment
+for a term as a punishment. The <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">carcer</foreign> was employed
+either as a place for temporary detention till
+trial, or else it was one for execution.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The most tolerable portion of the jail consisted
+of the outer court, with its cells, and a hall for
+shelter in cold and wet weather. This was in fact
+the common <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">atrium</foreign> on an enlarged scale and without
+its luxuries. But there was another part of the
+prison entitled the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign>, after the Tullian prison at
+Rome. This consisted of one large vaulted chamber
+devoid of window, accessible only by the door,
+through the interstices of which alone light and
+air could enter. It derived its name from oak beams
+planted against the walls, to which were attached
+<pb n="161"/><anchor id="Pg161"/>chains, by means of which prisoners were fastened
+to them. In the center of the floor was a round
+hole, with or without a low breastwork, and this
+hole communicated with an abyss sometimes given
+the Greek name of <foreign rend="italic">barathrum</foreign>, with conical dome,
+the opening being in the center. This pit was deep
+in mire. Into it flowed the sewage of the prison,
+and the outfall was secured by a grating.<note place="foot"><q>Erat et robur, locus in carcere, quo præcipitabatur maleficorum
+genus, quod ante arcis robustis includebatur.</q>—<hi rend="smallcaps">Liv.</hi>
+38, 39.</note> The
+title of <foreign rend="italic">barathrum</foreign> sometimes accorded to this lower
+portion of the dungeon was derived from a swamp
+near Athens, in which certain malefactors were
+smothered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When Jeremiah was accused before King Zedekiah
+of inciting the people to come to terms with the
+Chaldeans, he was put into such a place as this.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then took they Jeremiah, and cast him into the
+dungeon of Malchiah, that was in the court of the
+prison, and they let down Jeremiah with cords. And
+in the dungeon there was no water, but mire; so
+Jeremiah sunk in the mire.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When Paul and Silas were at Philippi, they were
+imprisoned in the superior portion of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign>,
+<pb n="162"/><anchor id="Pg162"/>where were the stocks, whereas the other prisoners
+were in the outer portion, that was more comfortable,
+and where they had some freedom of movement.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas turned gray with horror at the thought
+of being consigned to the awful abyss. His courage
+failed him and he lost power in his knees, so
+that he was unable to sustain himself, and the
+jailer’s assistants were constrained to carry him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As he was conveyed through the outer court, those
+who were awaiting their trial crowded around him,
+to clasp and kiss his hand, to encourage him to play
+the man for Christ, and to salute him reverently as
+a martyr.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am no martyr, good brethren,</q> said the deacon
+in a feeble voice. <q>I am not called to suffer for the
+faith, I have not been asked to sacrifice; I am to be
+thrown down into the pit, because I cannot reveal
+what I do not know.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One man, turning to his fellow, said, in a low
+tone: <q>If I were given my choice, I would die by
+fire rather than linger in the pit.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Will he die there of starvation?</q> asked another,
+<q>or will he smother in the mire?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>If he be sentenced to be retained there till he
+<pb n="163"/><anchor id="Pg163"/>tells what he does not know, he must die there, it
+matters not how.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>God deliver me from such a trial of my faith!
+I might win the crown through the sword, but a
+passage to everlasting life through that foul abyss—that
+would be past endurance.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As Baudillas was supported through the doorway
+into the inner prison, he turned his head and looked
+at the brilliant sky above the yard wall. Then the
+door was shut and barred behind him. All, however,
+was not absolutely dark, for there was a gap,
+through which two fingers could be thrust, under
+the door, and the sun lay on the threshold and sent
+a faint reflection through the chamber.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nevertheless, on entering from the glare of the
+sun, it seemed to Baudillas at first as though he were
+plunged in darkness, and it was not for some
+moments that he could distinguish the ledge that
+surrounded the well-like opening. The jailer now
+proceeded to strike a light, and after some trouble
+and curses, as he grazed his knuckles, he succeeded
+in kindling a lamp. He now produced a rope,
+and made a loop at one end about a short crosspole.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sit astride on that,</q> said he curtly.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="164"/><anchor id="Pg164"/>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas complied, and with his hands grasped
+the cord.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then slowly he was lowered into the pitch blackness
+below. Down—down—down he descended,
+till he plashed into the mire.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The jailer holding the lamp, looked down and
+called to him to release the rope. The deacon
+obeyed. There he stood, looking up, watching the
+dancing pole as it mounted, then saw the spark of
+the lamp withdrawn; heard the retreating steps
+of the jailer, then a clash like thunder. The door
+of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign> was shut. He was alone at the bottom
+of this fetid abyss.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then he said, and tears coursed down his cheeks
+as he said it: <q>Thou hast laid me in the lowest pit—in
+the place of darkness and in the grave.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="15" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="165"/><anchor id="Pg165"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XV.“Revealed unto Babes”"/><index index="pdf" level1="XV.&#34;Revealed unto Babes&#34;"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XV<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller"><q>REVEALED UNTO BABES</q></hi></head>
+
+<p>
+On account of the death in the family of the
+timber merchant, Æmilius left the house and took
+a room and engaged attendance in the cottage of
+a cordwainer a little way off. The house was clean,
+and the good woman was able to cook him a meal
+not drowned in oil nor rank with garlic.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He was uneasy because Callipodius did not return,
+and he obtained no tidings concerning Perpetua.
+The image of this maiden, with a face of transparent
+purity, out of which shone the radiance of a beautiful
+soul, haunted his imagination and fluttered his
+heart. He walked by the side of the flooded tract
+of land, noticed that the water was falling, and
+looked, at every turn he took, in the direction of
+Nemausus, expecting the arrival of his client, but
+always in vain.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He did at length see a boat approach, towards
+evening, and he paced the little landing-place with
+quick strides till it ran up against it; and then only,
+<pb n="166"/><anchor id="Pg166"/>to his disappointment, did he see that Callipodius
+was not there. Castor disembarked.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the strength of his slight acquaintance Æmilius
+greeted the bishop. The suspense was become
+unendurable. He asked to be granted a few words
+in private. To this Castor gladly consented.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He, the head of the Christian community, had
+remained unmolested. He belonged to a senatorial
+family in the town, and had relations among the
+most important officials. The duumvir would undoubtedly
+leave him alone unless absolutely obliged
+to lay hands on him. Nemausus was divided into
+two towns, the Upper and the Lower, each with its
+own water-supply, its own baths, and each distinct
+in social composition.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The lower town, the old Gallic city, that venerated
+the hero-founder of the same name as the town,
+was occupied by the old Volcian population and by
+a vast number of emancipated slaves of every nationality,
+many engaged in trade and very rich. These
+freedmen were fused into one <q>order,</q> as it was
+termed, that of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">Liberti</foreign>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The upper town contained the finest houses, and
+was inhabited by the Roman colonists, by some
+descendants of the first Phocean settlers, and by such
+<pb n="167"/><anchor id="Pg167"/>of the old Gaulish nobility as had most completely
+identified themselves with their conquerors. These
+had retained their estates and had enriched themselves
+by taking Government contracts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Such scions of the old Gaulish houses had become
+fused by marriage and community of interest with
+the families of the first colonists, and they affected
+contempt for the pure-blooded old aristocracy who
+had sunk into poverty and insignificance in their
+decayed mansions in Lower Nemausus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Of late years, slowly yet surely, the freedmen
+who had amassed wealth had begun to invade superior
+Nemausus, had built themselves houses of
+greater magnificence and maintained an ostentatious
+splendor that excited the envy and provoked the
+resentment of the old senatorial and knightly
+citizens.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The great natural fountain supplied the lower
+town with water, but was situated at too low a
+level for the convenience of the gentry of Upper
+Nemausus, who had therefore conveyed the spring
+water of Ura from a great distance by tunneling
+mountains and bridging valleys, and thus had furnished
+themselves with an unfailing supply of the
+liquid as necessary to a Roman as was the air he
+<pb n="168"/><anchor id="Pg168"/>breathed. Thus rendered independent of the natural
+fountain at the foot of the rocks in Lower Nemausus,
+those living in the higher town affected the
+cult of the nymph Ura, and spoke disparagingly of
+the god of the old town; whereas the inferior part
+of the city clung tenaciously to the divine Nemausus,
+whose basin, full of unfailing water, was presented
+to their very lips and had not to be brought
+to them from a distance by the engineering skill of
+men and at a great cost.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Devotion to the god of the fountain in Lower
+Nemausus was confined entirely to the inhabitants
+of the old town, and was actually a relic of the old
+Volcian religion before the advent of the colonists,
+Greek and Roman. It had maintained itself and its
+barbarous sacrifice intact, undisturbed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+No victim was exacted from a family of superior
+Nemausus. The contribution was drawn from
+among the families of the native nobility, and it was
+on this account solely that the continuance of the
+septennial sacrifice had been tolerated.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Already, however, the priesthood was becoming
+aware that a strong feeling was present that was
+averse to it. The bulk of the well-to-do population
+had no traditional reverence for the Gaulish
+founder-<pb n="169"/><anchor id="Pg169"/>god, and many openly spoke of the devotion of a
+virgin to death as a rite that deserved to be abolished.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+From the cordwainer Æmilius had heard of the
+mutilation of the statue and of the commotion it
+had caused. This, he conjectured, accounted for
+the delay of Callipodius. It had interfered with his
+action; he had been unable to learn what had become
+of the damsel, and was waiting till he had definite
+tidings to bring before he returned. Æmilius was
+indignant at the wanton act of injury done to a
+beautiful work of art that decorated one of the loveliest
+natural scenes in the world. But this indignation
+was rendered acute by personal feeling. The
+disturbance caused by the rescue of the virgin might
+easily have been allayed; not so one provoked by
+such an act of sacrilege as the defacing of the image
+of the divine founder. This would exasperate passions
+and vastly enhance the danger to Perpetua
+and make her escape more difficult.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As Æmilius walked up from the jetty with the
+bishop, he inquired of him how matters stood with
+the Christians in the town and received a general
+answer. This did not satisfy the young lawyer,
+and, as the color suffused his face, he asked
+particu<pb n="170"/><anchor id="Pg170"/>larly after Perpetua, daughter of the deceased
+Harpinius Læto.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The bishop turned and fixed his searching eyes on
+the young man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Why make you this inquiry?</q> he asked.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Surely,</q> answered Æmilius, <q>I may be allowed
+to feel interest in one whom I was the means
+of rescuing from death. In sooth, I am vastly
+concerned to learn that she is safe. It were indeed
+untoward if she fell once more into the
+hands of the priesthood or into those of the populace.
+The ignorant would grip as hard as the interested.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She is not in the power of either,</q> answered
+Castor. <q>But where she is, that God knows, not I.
+Her mother is distracted, but we trust the maiden
+has found a refuge among the brethren, and for her
+security is kept closely concealed. The fewer who
+know where she is the better will it be, lest torture
+be employed to extort the secret. The Lady Quincta
+believes what we have cause to hope and consider
+probable. This is certain: if she had been discovered
+and given up to the magistrate the fact would
+be known at once to all in the place.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To break the image of the god was a wicked
+<pb n="171"/><anchor id="Pg171"/>and a wanton act,</q> said Æmilius irritably. <q>Is such
+conduct part of your religion?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The act was that of a rash and hot-headed member
+of our body. It was contrary to my will, done
+without my knowledge, and opposed to the teaching
+of our holy fathers, who have ever dissuaded from
+such acts. But in all bodies of men there are hot-heads
+and impulsive spirits that will not endure
+control.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Your own teaching is at fault,</q> said Æmilius
+peevishly. <q>You denounce the gods, and yet express
+regret if one of you put your doctrine in
+practice.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>If images were ornaments only,</q> said the bishop,
+<q>then they would be endurable; but when they
+receive adoration, when libations are poured at
+their feet, then we forbid our brethren to take
+part in such homage, for it is idolatry, a giving
+to wood and stone the worship due to God alone.
+But we do not approve of insult offered to any
+man’s religion. No,</q> said Castor emphatically;
+<q>Christianity is not another name for brutality,
+and that is brutality which insults the religious
+sentiment of the people, who may be ignorant but
+are sincere.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="172"/><anchor id="Pg172"/>
+
+<p>
+They had reached the rope-walk. The cordwainer
+was absent.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Let us take a turn,</q> said the bishop; and then
+he halted and smiled and extended his palm to a
+little child that ran up to him and put its hand
+within his with innocent confidence.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This,</q> said Castor, <q>is the son of the timber
+merchant.</q> Then to the boy: <q>Little man, walk
+with us, but do not interrupt our talk. Speak only
+when spoken to.</q> He again addressed the lawyer:
+<q>My friend, if I may so call thee, thou art vastly
+distressed at the mutilation of the image. Why
+so?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Because it is a work of art, and that particular
+statue was the finest example of the sculpture of a
+native artist. It was a gift to his native town of
+the god Marcus Antoninus (the Emperor Antoninus
+Pius).</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir,</q> said Castor, <q>you are in the right to be
+incensed. Now tell me this. If the thought of the
+destruction of a statue made by man and the gift
+of a Cæsar rouse indignation in your mind, should
+you not be more moved to see the destruction of
+living men, as in the shows of the arena—the
+slaughter of men, the work of God’s hands?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="173"/><anchor id="Pg173"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is for our entertainment,</q> said Æmilius,
+yet with hesitation in his voice.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Does that condone the act of the mutilator of
+the image, that he did it out of sport, to amuse a
+few atheists and the vulgar? See you how from his
+mother’s womb the child has been nurtured, how
+his limbs have grown in suppleness and grace and
+strength; how his intelligence has developed, how
+his faculties have expanded. Who made the babe
+that has become a man? Who protected him from
+infancy? Who builds up this little tenement of an
+immortal and bright spirit?</q> He led forward and
+indicated the child of Flavillus. <q>Was it not God?
+And for a holiday pastime you send men into the
+arena to be lacerated by wild beasts or butchered
+by gladiators! Do you not suppose that God, the
+maker of man, must be incensed at this wanton
+destruction of His fairest creation?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What you say applies to the tree we fell, to the
+ox and the sheep we slaughter.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Not so,</q> answered the bishop. <q>The tree is
+essential to man. Without it he cannot build himself
+a house nor construct a ship. The use of the
+tree is essential to his progress from barbarism.
+Nay, even in barbarism he requires it to serve him
+<pb n="174"/><anchor id="Pg174"/>as fuel, and to employ timber demands the fall of
+the tree. As to the beast, man is so constituted by
+his Creator that he needs animal food. Therefore
+is he justified in slaying beasts for his nourishment.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>According to your teaching death sentences are
+condemned, as also are wars.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Not so. The criminal may forfeit his right to
+a life which he is given to enjoy upon condition that
+he conduce to the welfare of his fellows. If, instead
+thereof, he be a scourge to mankind, he loses his
+rights. As to the matter of war: we must guard the
+civilization we have built up by centuries of hard
+labor and study after improvement. We must protect
+our frontiers against the incursions of the barbarians.
+Unless they be rolled back, they will overwhelm
+us. Self-preservation is an instinct lodged
+in every breast, justifying man in defending his life
+and his acquisitions.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Your philosophy is humane.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is not a philosophy. It is a revelation.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>In what consists the difference?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A philosophy is a groping upwards. A revelation
+is a light falling from above. A philosophy is
+reached only after the intellect is ripe and
+experi<pb n="175"/><anchor id="Pg175"/>enced, attained to when man’s mind is fully developed.
+A revelation comes to the child as his mind
+and conscience are opening and shows him his way.
+Here, little one! stand on that <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">cippus</foreign> and answer
+me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Castor took the child in his arms and lifted him
+to a marble pedestal.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Little child,</q> said he, <q>answer me a few simple
+questions. Who made you?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>God,</q> answered the boy readily.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And why did He make you?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To love and serve Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And how can you serve Him?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>By loving all men.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What did the Great Master say was the law by
+which we are to direct our lives?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q><q>He that loveth God, let him love his brother
+also.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Little child, what is after death?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Eternity.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And in eternity where will men be?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Those that have done good shall be called to
+life everlasting, and those that have done evil will
+be cast forth into darkness, where is weeping and
+gnashing of teeth.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="176"/><anchor id="Pg176"/>
+
+<p>
+The bishop took the child from the pedestal, and
+set him again on the ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then, with a smile on his face, he said to Æmilius,
+<q>Do we desire to know our way <hi rend="italic">after</hi> we have erred
+or <hi rend="italic">before</hi> we start? What was hidden from the wise
+and prudent is revealed unto babes. Where philosophy
+ends, there our religion begins.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="16" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="177"/><anchor id="Pg177"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XVI. Doubts and Difficulties"/><index index="pdf" level1="XVI. Doubts and Difficulties"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XVI<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius paced the rope-walk in deep thought.
+He did not speak during several turns, and the
+bishop respected his meditation and kept silence as
+well.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Presently the young man burst forth with: <q>This
+is fairly put, plausible and attractive doctrine. But
+what we lawyers demand is evidence. When was
+the revelation made? In the reign of the god
+Tiberius? That was two centuries ago. What proof
+is there that this be not a cleverly elaborated philosophy—as
+you say, a groping upwards—pretending
+to be, and showing off itself as, a lightening
+downwards?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The evidence is manifold,</q> answered Castor.
+<q>In the first place, the sayings and the acts of the
+Divine Revealer were recorded by evangelists who
+lived at the time, knew Him, heard Him, or were
+with those who had daily companied with Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of what value is such evidence when we cannot
+put the men who gave it in the witness-box and
+<pb n="178"/><anchor id="Pg178"/>cross-question them? I do not say that their evidence
+is naught, but that it is disputable.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is other evidence, ever-living, ever-present.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What is that?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Your own reason and conscience. You, Æmilius
+Lentulus, have these witnesses in yourself. He
+who made you seated a conscience in your soul to
+show you that there is such a thing as a law of right
+and wrong, though, as far as you know, unwritten.
+Directly I spoke to you of the <hi rend="italic">sin</hi> of murdering
+men to make pastime, your color changed; you
+<hi rend="italic">knew</hi> that I was right. Your conscience assented
+to my words.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I allow that.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My friend, let me go further. When your mind
+is not obscured by passion or warped by prejudice,
+then you perceive that there is a sphere of holiness,
+of virtue, of purity, to which men have not yet attained,
+and which, for all you see, is unattainable
+situated as you are, but one into which, if man could
+mount, then he would be something nobler than
+even the poets have conceived. You have flashes of
+summer lightning in your dark sky. You reject the
+monstrous fables of the gods as inconsistent with
+<pb n="179"/><anchor id="Pg179"/>what your reason and conscience tell you comport
+with divinity. Has any of your gods manifested
+himself and left such a record of his appearance as
+is fairly certain? If he appeared, or was fabled to
+have appeared, did he tell men anything about the
+nature of God, His will, and the destiny of man? A
+revelation must be in agreement with the highest
+aspirations of man. It must be such as will regulate
+his life, and conduce to his perfection and the advantage
+of the community. It must be such as will
+supply him with a motive for rejecting what is base,
+but pleasing to his coarse nature, and striving after
+that which is according to the luminous ideal that
+floats before him. Now the Christian revelation
+answers these conditions, and is therefore probably
+true. It supplies man with a reason why he should
+contend against all that is gross in his nature; should
+be gentle, courteous, kindly, merciful, pure. It
+does more. It assures him that the Creator made
+man in order that he might strive after this ideal,
+and in so doing attain to serenity and happiness.
+No other religion that I know of makes such claims;
+no other professes to have been revealed to man as
+the law of his being by Him who made man. No
+other is so completely in accordance on the one hand
+<pb n="180"/><anchor id="Pg180"/>with what we conceive is in agreement with the
+nature of God, and on the other so completely
+accords with our highest aspirations.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I can say nothing to that. I do not know it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, you do know it. The babe declared it;
+gave you the marrow and kernel of the gospel: Love
+God and man.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To fear God is what I can understand; but to
+love Him is more than I can compass.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Because you do not know God.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not, indeed.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>God is love.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A charming sentiment; a rhetorical flourish.
+What evidence can you adduce that God is love?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Creation.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The earth is full of suffering; violence prevails;
+wrong overmasters right. There is more of misery
+than of happiness, saving only to the rich and noble;
+they are at any rate supposed to be exempt, but, by
+Hercules, they seem to me to be sick of pleasure,
+and every delight gluts and leaves a bad taste in
+the mouth.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is true; but why is there all this wretchedness?
+Because the world is trying to get along without
+God. Look!</q> The bishop stooped and took
+<pb n="181"/><anchor id="Pg181"/>up a green-backed beetle. <q>If I cast this insect
+into the water it will suffer and die. If I fling it
+into the fire it will writhe and perish in agony.
+Neither water nor fire is the element for which it
+was created—in which to exist and be happy. The
+divine law is the atmosphere in which man is made
+to live. Because there is deflection from that, and
+man seeks other ends than that for which he was
+made, therefore comes wretchedness. The law of
+God is the law man must know, and knowing, pursue
+to be perfectly happy and to become a perfect
+being.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Now I have you!</q> exclaimed Æmilius, with a
+laugh. <q>There are no men more wretched than
+Christians who possess, and, I presume, keep this
+law. They abstain from our merry-makings, from
+the spectacles; they are liable to torture and to
+death.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We abstain from nothing that is wholesome and
+partaken in moderation; but from drunkenness, surfeiting,
+and what is repugnant to the clean mind.
+As to the persecution we suffer, the powers of evil
+rebel against God, and stir up bad men to resist the
+truth. But let me say something further—if I do
+not weary you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="182"/><anchor id="Pg182"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Not at all; you astonish me too much to weary
+me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are dropped suddenly—cast up by the sea
+on a strange shore. You find yourself where you
+have never been before. You know not where to
+go—how to conduct yourself among the natives;
+what fruits you may eat as wholesome, and must
+reject as poisonous. You do not know what course
+to pursue to reach your home, and fear at every step
+to get further from it. You cry out for a chart to
+show you where you are, and in what direction you
+should direct your steps. Every child born into this
+world is in a like predicament. It wants a chart,
+and to know its bearings. This is not the case with
+any animal. Every bird, fish, beast, knows what
+to do to fulfill the objects of its existence. Man
+alone does not. He has aspirations, glimmerings, a
+law of nature traced, but not filled in. He has lived
+by that natural law—you live under it, and you
+experience its inadequacy. That is why your conscience,
+all mankind, with inarticulate longing desires
+something further. Now I ask you, as I did
+once before, is it conceivable that the Creator of
+man, who put in man’s heart that aspiration, that
+longing to know the law of his being, without which
+<pb n="183"/><anchor id="Pg183"/>his life is but a miserable shipwreck—is it conceivable
+that He should withhold from him the chart
+by which he can find his way?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You have given me food for thought. Yet, my
+doubts still remain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot give you faith. That lightens down
+from above. It is the gift of God. Follow the law
+of your conscience and He may grant it you. I
+cannot say when or how, and what means he may
+employ—but if you are sincere and not a trifler
+with the truth—He will not deny it you. But see—here
+comes some one who desires to speak with
+you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius looked in the direction indicated, and
+saw Callipodius coming up from the water-side, waving
+his hand to him. So engrossed had he been in
+conversation with Castor, that he had not observed
+the arrival of a boat at the landing-place.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At once the young lawyer sped to meet his client,
+manifesting the utmost impatience.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What tidings—what news?</q> was his breathless
+question.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As good as may be,</q> answered Callipodius.
+<q>The gods work to fulfill thy desire. It is as if thou
+wert a constraining destiny, or as though it were a
+<pb n="184"/><anchor id="Pg184"/>pleasure to them to satisfy the wishes of their
+favorite.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I pray, lay aside this flattery, and speak plain
+words.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Resplendent genius that thou art! thou needest
+no flattery any more than the sun requires burnishing.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Let me entreat—the news!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>In two words——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Confine thyself to two words.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She is safe.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Where? How?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Now must I relax my tongue. In two words
+I cannot satisfy thy eagerness.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then, Body of Bacchus! go on in thine own
+fashion.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The account may be crushed into narrow compass.
+When I left your radiant presence, then I
+betook myself to the town and found the place in
+turmoil—the statue of the god had been broken,
+and the deity was braying like a washerwoman’s
+jackass. The populace was roused and incensed by
+the outrage, and frightened by the voice of the god.
+All had quieted down previously, but this worked up
+the people to a condition of frantic rage and panic.
+<pb n="185"/><anchor id="Pg185"/>I hurried about in quest of the Lady Perpetua;
+and as I learned that she had been conveyed from
+the pool by Baudillas Macer, I went into the part
+of the town where he lives; noble once, now slums.
+Then, lo! thy genius attending and befriending me,
+whom should I stumble against but a fellow named
+Tarsius, a slave of a wool merchant to whom I owe
+moneys, which I haven’t yet paid. I knew the fellow
+from a gash he had received at one time across
+nose and cheek. He was drunk and angry because
+he had been expelled the Christian society which
+was holding its orgies. I warrant thee I frightened
+the poor wretch with promises of the little horse,
+the panthers, and the cross, till he became pliant
+and obliging. Then I wormed out of him all I
+required, and made him my tool to obtain possession
+of the pretty maid. I learned from him that the
+Lady Quincta and her daughter were at the house
+of Baudillas, afraid to return home because their
+door was observed by some of the Cultores Nemausi.
+Then I suborned the rascal to act a part for me.
+From thy house I dispatched two litters and carriers,
+and sent that tippling rogue with them to the dwelling
+of Macer, to say that he was commissioned by his
+master, Litomarus, to conduct them to his country
+<pb n="186"/><anchor id="Pg186"/>house for their security. They walked into the
+snare like fieldfare after juniper berries. Then the
+porters conveyed the girl to thy house.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To my house!</q> Æmilius started.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Next, she was hurried off as soon as ever the
+gates were opened, to your villa at Ad Fines.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And she is there now, with her mother?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>With her mother! I know better than to do
+that. I bade the porters convey the old lady in
+her palanquin to the goose and truffle market and
+deposit her there. No need to be encumbered with
+her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Lady Quincta not with her daughter?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You were not desirous for further acquaintance
+with the venerable widow, I presume.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But,</q> said Æmilius, <q>this is a grave matter.
+You have offered, as from me, an insult most wounding
+to a young lady, and to a respectable matron.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Generous man! how was it possible for me to
+understand the niceties that trouble your perspicuous
+mind? But be at ease. Serious sickness demands
+strong medicines. Great dangers excuse bold measures.
+The priestess has demanded the restoration
+of the virgin. The <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen Augustalis</foreign> is backing
+her up. So are all the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">Seviri</foreign>. The religious
+cor<pb n="187"/><anchor id="Pg187"/>poration feel touched in their credit and insist on
+the restitution. They will heap on fuel, and keep
+Nemausus in a boil. By no possibility could the
+damsel have remained hidden in the town. I saw
+that it was imperiously necessary for me to remove
+her. I could think of no other place into which to
+put her than Ad Fines. I managed the matter in
+admirable fashion; though it is I who say it. But
+really, by Jupiter Capitolinus, I believe that your
+genius attended me, and assisted in the execution of
+the design, which was carried out without a hitch.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius knitted his arms behind his back, and
+took short turns, in great perturbation of mind.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>By Hercules!</q> said he, <q>you have committed
+an actionable offense.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of course, you look on it from a legal point of
+view,</q> said Callipodius, a little nettled. <q>I tell you
+it was a matter of life or death.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not complain of your having conveyed the
+young lady to Ad Fines, but of your not having
+taken her mother there along with her. You have
+put me in a very awkward predicament.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How was I to judge that the old woman was
+to be deported as well?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You might have judged that I would cut off my
+<pb n="188"/><anchor id="Pg188"/>right hand rather than do aught that might cause
+people to speak lightly of Perpetua.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The client shrugged his shoulders. <q>You seem
+to breed new scruples.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I thank you,</q> said Æmilius, <q>that you have
+shown so good a will, and have been so successful
+in your enterprise. I am, perhaps, over hasty and
+exacting. I desired you to do a thing more perfectly
+than perhaps you were able to perform it.
+Leave me now. I must clear my mind and discover
+what is now to be done.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is no pleasing some folk,</q> said Callipodius
+moodily.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="17" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="189"/><anchor id="Pg189"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XVII. Pedo"/><index index="pdf" level1="XVII. Pedo"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XVII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">PEDO</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas had been lowered into the pit of the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign>, and he sank in the slime half-way up his
+calves. He waded with extended arms, groping
+for something to which to cling. He knew not
+whether the bottom were even, or fell into deep
+holes, into which he might stumble. He knew not
+whether he were in a narrow well or in a spacious
+chamber.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cautiously, in obscurity, he groped, uncertain
+even whether he went straight or was describing a
+curve. But presently he touched the wall and
+immediately discovered a bench, and seated himself
+thereon. Then he drew up his feet out of the mire,
+and cast himself in a reclining position on the stone
+seat.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He looked up, but could not distinguish the opening
+by which he had been let down into the horrible
+cess-pit. He was unable to judge to what depth he
+had been lowered, nor could he estimate the extent
+of the dungeon in which he was confined.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="190"/><anchor id="Pg190"/>
+
+<p>
+The bench on which he reposed was slimy, the
+walls trickled with moisture, were unctuous, and
+draped with a fungous growth in long folds. The
+whole place was foul and cold.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+How long would his confinement last? Would
+food, pure water be lowered to him? Or was he
+condemned to waste away in this pit, from starvation,
+or in the delirium of famine to roll off from
+his shelf and smother in the mire?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After a while his eyes became accustomed to the
+dark and sensitive to the smallest gradations in it;
+and then he became aware of a feeble glowworm
+light over the surface of the ooze at one point. Was
+it that some fungoid growth there was phosphorescent?
+Or was it that a ray of daylight penetrated
+there by some tortuous course?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After long consideration it seemed to him probable
+that the light he distinguished might enter by a
+series of reflections through the outfall. He thought
+of examining the opening, but to do so he would be
+constrained to wade. He postponed the exploration
+till later. Of one thing he was confident, that although
+a little sickly light might be able to struggle
+into this horrible dungeon, yet no means of
+egress for the person would be left. Precautions
+<pb n="191"/><anchor id="Pg191"/>against escape by this means would certainly have
+been taken.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The time passed heavily. At times Baudillas
+sank into a condition of stupor, then was roused to
+thought again, again to lapse into a comatose condition.
+His cut lip was sore, his bruises ached. He
+had passed his tongue over his broken teeth till they
+had fretted his tongue raw.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The feeble light at the surface became fainter,
+and this was finally extinguished. The day was
+certainly at an end. The sun had set in the west,
+an auroral glow hung over the place of its decline.
+Stars were beginning to twinkle; the syringa was
+pouring forth its fragrance, the flowering thorns
+their too heavy odor. Dew was falling gently and
+cool.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon raised his heart to God, and from this
+terrible pit his prayer mounted to heaven; a prayer
+not for deliverance from death, but for grace to
+endure the last trial, and if again put to the test, to
+withstand temptation. Then he recited the evening
+prayer of the Church, in Greek: <q>O God, who art
+without beginning and without end, the Maker of
+the world by Thy Christ, and the sustainer thereof,
+God and Father, Lord of the spirit, King of all
+<pb n="192"/><anchor id="Pg192"/>things that have reason and life! Thou who hast
+made the day for the works of light, and the night
+for the refreshment of our infirmity, for the day is
+Thine, the night is Thine: Thou hast prepared the
+light and the sun—do Thou now, O Lord, lover of
+mankind, fountain of all good, mercifully accept
+this our evening thanksgiving. Thou who hast
+brought us through the length of the day, and hast
+conducted us to the threshold of night, preserve us
+by Thy Christ, afford us a peaceful evening, and a
+sinless night, and in the end everlasting life by Thy
+Christ, through whom be glory, honor and worship
+in the Holy Spirit, for ever, amen.</q><note place="foot">The prayer is given in the <q>Apostolic Constitutions,</q>
+viii. 37.</note> After this
+prayer Baudillas had been wont in the church to
+say, <q>Depart in peace!</q> and to dismiss the faithful.
+Now he said, <q>Into Thy hands I commend my
+spirit.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Out of that fetid abyss and its horrible darkness
+rose the prayer to God, winged with faith, inspired
+by fervor sweet with humility, higher than the
+soaring lark, higher than the faint cloud that caught
+the last rays of the set sun, higher than the remotest
+star.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="193"/><anchor id="Pg193"/>
+
+<p>
+Presently a confused sound from above reached
+the prisoner, and a spot of orange light fell on the
+water below. Then came a voice ringing hollow
+down the depth, and echoed by the walls, <q>Thy
+food!</q> A slender rope was sent down, to which
+was attached a basket that contained bread and a
+pitcher of water. Baudillas stepped into the ooze
+and took the loaf and the water vessel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the jailer called again: <q>To-morrow morning—if
+more be needed—I will bring a second
+supply. Send up the empty jar when I lower that
+which is full, if thou art in a condition to require it.</q>
+He laughed, and the laugh resounded as a bellow in
+the vaulted chamber.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Few were the words spoken, and they ungracious.
+Yet was the deacon sensible of pleasure at hearing
+even a jailer’s voice breaking the dreadful silence.
+He waded back to his ledge, ate the dry bread and
+drank some of the water. Then he laid himself
+down again. Again the door clashed, sending
+thunders below, and once more he was alone.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As his hand traveled along the wall it encountered
+a hard round knot. He drew his hand away precipitately,
+but then, moved by curiosity, groped for
+it again. Then he discovered that this seeming
+ex<pb n="194"/><anchor id="Pg194"/>crescence was a huge snail, there hibernating. He
+dislodged it, threw it from him and it plashed into
+the mire.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Time dragged. Not a sound could be heard save
+the monotonous drip of some leak above. Baudillas
+counted the falling drops, then wearied of
+counting, and abandoned the self-imposed task.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now he heard a far-away rushing sound, then
+came a blast of hot vapor blowing in his face. He
+started into a sitting posture, and clung to his bench.
+In another moment he heard the roar of water that
+plunged from above; and a hot steam enveloped him.
+What was the signification of this? Was the pit
+to be flooded with scalding water and he drowned
+in it? In a moment he had found the explanation.
+The water was being let off from the public baths.
+There would be no more bathers this night. The
+tide of tepid water rose nearly level with the ledge
+on which he was crouching, and then ebbed away
+and rolled forth at the vent through which by day
+a pale halo had entered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Half suffocated, part stupefied by the warm vapor,
+Baudillas sank into a condition without thought, his
+eyes looking into the blackness above, his ears hearing
+without noting the dribble from the drain
+<pb n="195"/><anchor id="Pg195"/>through which the flood had spurted. Presently he
+was roused by a sense of irritation in every nerve,
+and putting his hand to his face plucked away some
+hundred-legged creature, clammy and yet hard, that
+was creeping over him. It was some time before
+his tingling nerves recovered. Then gradually torpor
+stole over him, and he was perhaps unconscious
+for a couple of hours, when again he was roused by
+a sharp pain in his finger, and starting, he heard a
+splash, a rush and squeals. At once he knew that
+a swarm of rats had invaded the place. He had
+been bitten by one; his start had disconcerted the
+creatures momentarily, and they had scampered
+away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas remained motionless, save that he trembled;
+he was sick at heart. In this awful prison
+he dared not sleep, lest he should be devoured
+alive.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Was this to be his end—to be kept awake by
+horror of the small foes till he could endure the
+tension no longer, and then sink down in dead weariness
+and blank indifference on his bench, and at once
+be assailed from all sides, to feel the teeth, perhaps
+to attempt an ineffectual battle, then to be overcome
+and to be picked to his bones?
+</p>
+
+<pb n="196"/><anchor id="Pg196"/>
+
+<p>
+As he sat still, hardly breathing, he felt the rats
+again. They were rallying, some swimming, some
+swarming up on to the shelf. They rushed at him
+with the audacity given by hunger, with the confidence
+of experience, and the knowledge of their
+power when attacking in numbers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He cried out, beat with his hands, kicked out with
+his feet, swept his assailants off him by the score;
+yet such as could clung to his garment by their
+teeth and, not discomfited, quickly returned. To
+escape them he leaped into the mire; he plunged
+this way, then that; he returned to the wall; he
+attempted to scramble up it beyond their reach, but
+in vain.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wherever he went, they swam after him. He
+was unarmed, he could kill none of his assailants;
+if he could but decimate the horde it would be
+something. Then he remembered the pitcher and
+felt for that. By this time he had lost his bearings
+wholly. He knew not where he had left the vessel.
+But by creeping round the circumference of his
+prison, he must eventually reach the spot where he
+had previously been seated, and with the earthenware
+vessel he would defend himself as long as he
+was able.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="197"/><anchor id="Pg197"/>
+
+<p>
+Whilst thus wading, he was aware of a cold
+draught blowing in his face, and he knew that he
+had reached the opening of the sewer that served
+as outfall. He stooped and touched stout iron bars
+forming part of a grating. He tested them, and
+assured himself that they were so thick set that it
+was not possible for him to thrust even his head
+between them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+All at once the rats ceased to molest him. They
+had retreated, whither he could not guess, and he
+knew as little why. Possibly, they were shrewd
+enough to know that they had but to exercise
+patience, and he must inevitably fall a prey to their
+teeth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Almost immediately, however, he was aware of a
+little glow, like that of a spark, and of a sound of
+splashing. He was too frightened, too giddy, to
+collect his thoughts, so as to discover whence the
+light proceeded, and what produced the noise.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Clinging to the grating, Baudillas gazed stupidly
+at the light, that grew in brightness, and presently
+irradiated a face. This he saw, but he was uncertain
+whether he actually did see, or whether he were
+a prey to an illusion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the light flashed over him, and his eyes after
+<pb n="198"/><anchor id="Pg198"/>a moment recognized the face of his old slave, Pedo.
+A hand on the further side grasped one of the
+stanchions, and the deacon heard the question,
+<q>Master, are you safe?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, Pedo, how have you come into this
+place?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hush, master. Speak only in a whisper. I
+have waded up the sewer (<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">cloaca</foreign>), and have brought
+with me two stout files. Take this one, and work
+at the bar on thy side. I will rasp on the other. In
+time we shall cut through the iron, and then thou
+wilt be able to escape. When I heard whither thou
+hadst been cast, then I saw my way to making an
+effort to save thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pedo! I will give thee thy liberty!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Master! it is I who must first manumit thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the slave began to file, and as he filed he
+muttered, <q>What is liberty to me? At one time,
+indeed! Ah, at one time, when I was young, and
+so was Blanda! But now I am old and lame. I
+am well treated by a good master. Well, well!
+Sir! work at the bar where I indicate with my
+finger. That is a transversal stanchion and sustains
+the others.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hope of life returned. The heart of Baudillas
+<pb n="199"/><anchor id="Pg199"/>was no longer chilled with fear and his brain stunned
+with despair. He worked hard, animated by eagerness
+to escape. There was a spring of energy in
+the little flame of the lamp, an inspiring force in the
+presence of his slave. The bar was thick, but happily
+the moisture of the place and the sour exhalations
+had corroded it, so that thick flakes of rust fell
+off under the tool.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yesterday, nothing could have been done for
+you, sir,</q> said Pedo, <q>for the inundation was so
+extensive that the sewer was closed with water that
+had risen a foot above the opening into the river.
+But, thanks be to God, the flood has fallen. Those
+who know the sky declare that we shall have a blast
+of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">circius</foreign> (the mistral) on us suddenly, and
+bitter weather. The early heat has dissolved the
+snows over-rapidly and sent the water inundating all
+the low land. Now with cold, the snows will not
+melt.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pedo,</q> said the deacon, <q>hadst thou not come,
+the rats would have devoured me. They hunted
+me as a pack of wolves pursue a deer in the Cebennæ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I heard them, master, as I came up the sewer.
+There are legions of them. But they fear the light,
+<pb n="200"/><anchor id="Pg200"/>and as long as the lamp burns will keep their distance.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pedo,</q> whispered Baudillas again, after a pause,
+whilst both worked at the bar. <q>I know not how it
+was that when I stood before the duumvir, I did not
+betray my Heavenly Master. I was so frightened.
+I was as in a dream. They may have thought me
+firm, but I was in reality very weak. Another moment,
+or one more turn of the rack and I would
+have fallen.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Master! God’s strength is made perfect in weakness.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, it is so. I myself am a poor nothing. Oh,
+that I had the manhood of Marcianus!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Press against the bar, master. With a little
+force it will yield.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Pedo removed the lamp that he had suspended by
+a hook from the crossbar. Baudillas threw himself
+with his full weight against the grating, and the
+stanchion did actually snap under the impact, at the
+place where filed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is well,</q> said the slave. <q>Thy side of the
+bar is also nearly rasped through. Then we must
+saw across this upright staff of iron. To my thinking
+it is not fastened below.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="201"/><anchor id="Pg201"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is not. I have thrust my foot between it
+and the paving. Methinks it ends in a spike and
+barbs.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>If it please God that we remove the grating,
+then thou must follow me, bending low.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Is the distance great?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sixty-four paces of thine; of mine, more, as I
+do but hobble.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hah! this is ill-luck.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+With the energy of filing, and owing to the loosened
+condition of the bar, the lamp had been displaced,
+and it fell from where it had been suspended
+and was extinguished in the water.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Both were now plunged in darkness as of Erebus,
+and were moreover exposed to danger from the rats.
+But perhaps the grating of the files, or the whispers
+of the one man to the other, alarmed the suspicious
+beasts, and they did not venture to approach.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Press, master! I will pull,</q> said the slave. His
+voice quivered with excitement.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas applied his shoulder to the grating, and
+Pedo jerked at it sharply.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+With a crack it yielded; with a plash it fell into
+the water.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Quick, my master—lay hold of my belt and
+<pb n="202"/><anchor id="Pg202"/>follow. Bow your head low or you will strike the
+roof. We must get forth as speedily as may be.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pedo! the jailer said that if alive I was to give
+a sign on the morrow. He believes that during the
+night I will be devoured by rats, as doubtless have
+been others.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Those executed in the prison are cast down
+there.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Perhaps,</q> said Baudillas, <q>if he meet with no
+response in the morning he will conclude that I am
+dead, and I do not think he will care to descend and
+discover whether it be so.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After a short course through the arched passage,
+both stood upright; they were to their breasts in
+water, but the water was fresh and pure. Above
+their heads was the vault of heaven, not now
+spangled with stars but crossed by scudding drifts
+of vapor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Both men scrambled out of the river to the bank,
+and then Baudillas extended his arms, and said, with
+face turned to the sky:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I waited patiently for the Lord, and He inclined
+unto me, and heard my calling. He hath brought
+me also out of the horrible pit, out of the mire and
+clay, and hath set my feet upon the rock. And He
+<pb n="203"/><anchor id="Pg203"/>hath put a new song in my mouth, even a thanksgiving
+unto our God.</q><note place="foot">The casting into the lowest pit of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign>—sometimes
+termed the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">barathrum</foreign>—was not a rare act of barbarity. Jugurtha
+perished in that of the Tullianum in Rome. <q>By
+Hercules!</q> said he as he was being lowered into it, <q>your bath
+is cold!</q> S. Ferreolus, of Vienne, was plunged into this horrible
+place in <hi rend="small">A.D.</hi> 304. He was young, and by diving or by
+working at the grating he managed to escape much in the manner
+described above. Thus through the sewer he reached the
+Rhône, and swam across it. He was, however, recaptured and
+taken back to Vienne, where he was decapitated. He is commemorated
+in the diocese of Vienne on September 18th, and is
+mentioned by Sidonius Apollinaris in the fifth century, and by
+Venantius Fortunatus in the sixth. S. Gregory, the illuminator,
+was cast into the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">barathrum</foreign> by Tiridates. Theodoret describes
+martyrs devoured by rats and mice in Persia (<q>Hist. Eccl.,</q>
+v. 39).</note>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="18" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="204"/><anchor id="Pg204"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XVIII. In the Citron-House"/><index index="pdf" level1="XVIII. In the Citron-House"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XVIII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">IN THE CITRON-HOUSE</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua, at Ad Fines, was a prey to unrest. She
+was in alarm for the safety of her mother, and she
+was disconcerted at having been smuggled off to the
+house of a man who was a stranger, though to him
+she owed her life.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The villa was in a lovely situation, with a wide
+outstretch of landscape before it to the Rhône, and
+beyond to the blue and cloudlike spurs of the Alps;
+and the garden was in the freshness of its first spring
+beauty. But she was in too great trouble to concern
+herself about scenery and flowers. Her thoughts
+turned incessantly to her mother. In the embarrassing
+situation in which she was—and one that was
+liable to become far more embarrassing—she needed
+the support and counsel of her mother.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Far rather would she have been in prison at Nemausus,
+awaiting a hearing before the magistrate,
+and perhaps condemnation to death, than be as at
+present in a charming country house, attended by
+obsequious servants, provided with every comfort,
+<pb n="205"/><anchor id="Pg205"/>yet ignorant why she had been brought there, and
+what the trials were to which she would be subjected.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The weather had changed with a suddenness not
+infrequent in the province. The warm days were
+succeeded by some of raging wind and icy rains. In
+fact, the mistral had begun to blow. As the heated
+air rose from the stony plains, its place was supplied
+by that which was cold from the snowy surfaces of
+the Alps, and the downrush was like that to which
+we nowadays give the term of blizzard. So violent
+is the blast on these occasions that the tillers of the
+soil have to hedge round their fields with funereal
+cypresses, to form a living screen against a wind that
+was said, or fabled, to have blown the cow out of one
+pasture into that of another farmer, but which, without
+fable, was known to upset ricks and carry away
+the roofs of houses.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To a cloudless sky, traversed by a sun of almost
+summer brilliancy, succeeded a heaven dark, iron-gray,
+with whirling vapors that had no contour, and
+which hung low, trailing their dripping skirts over
+the shivering landscape.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Trees clashed their boughs. The wood behind
+the villa roared like a cataract. In the split ledges
+and prongs of limestone, among the box-bushes and
+<pb n="206"/><anchor id="Pg206"/>junipers, the wind hissed and screamed. Birds fled
+for refuge to the eaves of houses or to holes in the
+cliffs. Cattle were brought under shelter. Sheep
+crouched dense packed on the lee side of a stone wall.
+The very ponds and lagoons were whipped and their
+surfaces flayed by the blast. Stones were dislodged
+on the mountain slopes, and flung down; pebbles
+rolled along the plains, as though lashed forward by
+whips. The penetrating cold necessitated the closing
+of every shutter, and the heating of the hypocaust
+under the house. In towns, in the houses of
+the better classes, the windows were glazed with thin
+flakes of mica (<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">lapis specularis</foreign>), a transparent stone
+brought from Spain and Cappadocia, but in the
+country this costly luxury was dispensed with, as the
+villas were occupied only in the heat of summer,
+when there was no need to exclude the air. The
+window openings were closed with shutters. Rooms
+were not warmed by fireplaces, with wood fires on
+hearths, but by an arrangement beneath the mosaic
+and cement floor, where a furnace was kindled, and
+the smoke and heated air were carried by numerous
+pipes up the walls on all sides, thus producing
+a summer heat within when all was winter without.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the fever of her mind, Perpetua neither felt
+<pb n="207"/><anchor id="Pg207"/>the asperity of the weather nor noticed the comfort
+of the heated rooms. She was incessantly restless,
+was ever running to the window or the door, as often
+to be disappointed, in anticipation of meeting her
+mother. She was perplexed as to the purpose for
+which she had been conveyed to Ad Fines. The
+slave woman, Blanda, who attended her, was unable
+or unwilling to give her information. All she pretended
+to know was that orders had been issued by
+Callipodius, friend and client of Æmilius Lentulus,
+her master, that the young lady was to be made comfortable,
+was to be supplied with whatever she required,
+and was on no account to be suffered to leave
+the grounds. The family was strictly enjoined not
+to mention to any one her presence in the villa,
+under pain of severe chastisement.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Blanda was kind and considerate, and had less of
+the fawning dog in her manner than was customary
+among slaves. It was never possible, even for
+masters, to trust the word of their servants; consequently
+Perpetua, who knew what slaves were,
+placed little reliance on the asseverations of ignorance
+that fell from the lips of Blanda. There was,
+in the conversation of Blanda, that which the woman
+intended to reassure, but which actually heightened
+<pb n="208"/><anchor id="Pg208"/>the uneasiness of the girl—this was the way in which
+the woman harped continually on the good looks,
+amiability and wealth of her master, who, as she
+insisted, belonged to the Voltinian tribe, and was
+therefore one of the best connected and highest
+placed in the colony.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The knowledge that she had been removed to Ad
+Fines to insure her safety did not satisfy Perpetua;
+and she was by no means assured that she had thus
+been carried off with the approbation and knowledge
+of her mother, or of the bishop and principal Christians
+of her acquaintance in Nemausus. Of Æmilius
+Varo she really knew nothing save that he was
+a man of pleasure and a lawyer.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Adjoining the house was a conservatory. Citron
+trees and oleanders in large green-painted boxes were
+employed in summer to decorate the terrace and
+gardens. They were allowed to be out in mild
+winters, but directly the mistral began to howl, the
+men-servants of the house had hurriedly conveyed
+them within doors into the conservatory, as the gale
+would strip them of their fruit, bruise the leaves and
+injure the flowers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In her trouble of mind, unable to go abroad in
+the bitter weather, impatient of quiet, Perpetua
+<pb n="209"/><anchor id="Pg209"/>entered the citron-house and walked among the trees
+in their green tubs, now praying for help, then
+wiping the drops from her eyes and brow.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As she thus paced, she heard a stir in the house,
+the opening of doors, the rush of wind driving
+through it, the banging of valves and rattle of shutters.
+Then she heard voices, and among them one
+that was imperious. A moment later, Blanda ran to
+Perpetua, and after making a low obeisance said:
+<q>The master is come. He desires permission to
+speak with you, lady, when he hath had his bath
+and hath assumed a change of raiment. For by the
+mother goddesses, no one can be many moments
+without and not be drenched to the bone. And this
+exhibits the master’s regard for thee, lady; his extreme
+devotion to your person and regard for your
+comfort, that he has exposed himself to cold and
+rain and wind so as to come hither to inquire if you
+are well, and if there be aught you desire that he
+can perform to content you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+What was Perpetua to do? She plucked some
+citron blossoms in her nervous agitation, unknowing
+what she did, then answered timidly: <q>I am in the
+house of the noble Æmilius. Let him speak with
+me here when it suits his convenience. Yet stay,
+<pb n="210"/><anchor id="Pg210"/>Blanda! Inquire at once, whether he brings me
+tidings of my dear mother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The slave hasted away, and returned directly to
+inform Perpetua that her master was grieved to
+relate that he was unable to give her the desired
+information, but that he only awaited instructions
+from Perpetua to take measures to satisfy her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the girl was left alone, and in greater agitation
+than before. She walked among the evergreens,
+putting the citron flowers to her nose, plucking
+off the leaves, pressing her hand to her brow,
+and wiping her distilling eyes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The conservatory was unglazed. It was furnished
+with shutters in which were small openings like
+those in fiddles. Consequently a twilight reigned
+in the place; what light entered was colorless, and
+without brilliancy. Through the openings could be
+seen the whirling vapors; through them also the
+rain spluttered in, and the wind sighed a plaintive
+strain, now and then rising to a scream.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua still held the little bunch of citron in
+her hand; she was as unaware that she held it as
+that she had plucked it. Her mind was otherwise
+engaged, and her nervous fingers must needs clasp
+something.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="211"/><anchor id="Pg211"/>
+
+<p>
+As she thus walked, fearing the appearance of
+Æmilius, and yet desirous of having a term put to
+her suspense, she heard steps, and in another
+moment the young lawyer stood before her. He
+bowed with hands extended, and with courtly consideration
+would not draw near. Aware that she
+was shy or frightened, he said: <q>I have to ask your
+pardon, young lady, for this intrusion on your privacy,
+above all for your abduction to this house of
+mine. It was done without my having been consulted,
+but was done with good intent, by a friend,
+to place you out of danger. I had no part in the
+matter; nevertheless I rejoice that my house has had
+the honor of serving you as a refuge from such as
+seek your destruction.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I thank you,</q> answered the girl constrainedly.
+<q>I owe you a word of acknowledgment of my lively
+gratitude for having rescued me from the fountain,
+and another for affording me shelter here. But if I
+may be allowed to ask a favor, it is that my mother
+be restored to me, or me to my mother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Alas, lady,</q> said Æmilius, <q>I have no knowledge
+where she is. I myself have been in concealment—for
+the rabble has been incensed against me
+for what I was privileged to do, at the Nemausean
+<pb n="212"/><anchor id="Pg212"/>basin, unworthy that I was. I have not since ventured
+into the town; not that I believe the rabble
+would dare attempt violence against me, but I do
+not think it wise to allow them the chance. I sent
+my good, blundering friend Callipodius to inquire
+what had become of you, as I was anxious lest you
+should again be in peril of your life; and he—Callipodius—seeing
+what a ferment there was in the
+town, and how determined the priesthood was to get
+you once more into its power, he consulted his
+mother wit, and had you conveyed to my country
+house. Believe me, lady, he was actuated by a
+sincere wish to do you service. If he had but taken
+the Lady Quincta away as well, and lodged her here
+along with you, I would not have a word of reproach
+for him, nor entertain a feeling of guilt in your
+eyes.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My mother was in the first litter.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That litter did not pass out of the gates of Nemausus.
+Callipodius was concerned for your safety,
+as he knew that it was you who were menaced and
+not your mother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But it is painful for me to be away from my
+mother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady! you are safer separated from her. If she
+<pb n="213"/><anchor id="Pg213"/>be, as I presume, still in the town, then those who
+pursue you will prowl about where she is, little supposing
+that you are elsewhere, and the secret of your
+hiding-place cannot be wrung from her if she does
+not herself know it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I concern myself little about my life,</q> said Perpetua.
+<q>But, to be alone here, away from her, from
+every relation, in a strange house——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know what you would say, or rather what you
+feel and do not like to say. I have a proposal to
+make to you which will relieve your difficulty if it
+commends itself to you. It will secure your union
+with your mother, and prevent anything being
+spoken as to your having been concealed here that
+may offend your honorable feelings.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua said nothing. She plucked at the petals
+of the citron flower and strewed them on the marble
+pavement.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You have been brought to this house, and happily
+none know that you are here, save my client,
+Callipodius, and myself. But what I desire to say is
+this. Give me a right to make this your refuge,
+and me a right to protect you. If I be not distasteful
+to you, permit this. I place myself unreservedly
+in your hands. I love you, but my respect for
+<pb n="214"/><anchor id="Pg214"/>you equals my love. I am rich and enjoy a good
+position. I have nothing I can wish for but to be
+authorized by you to be your defender against every
+enemy. Be my wife, and not all the fools and
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamines</foreign> of the province can touch a hair of your
+head.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The tears welled into Perpetua’s eyes. She looked
+at the young man, who stood before her with such
+dignity and gentleness of demeanor. He seemed to
+her to be as noble, as good as a heathen well could
+be. He felt for her delicate position; he had risked
+his life and fortunes to save her. He had roused the
+powerful religious faction of his native city against
+him, and he was now extending his protection over
+her against the priesthood and the mob of Nemausus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know,</q> pursued Æmilius, <q>that I am not
+worthy of one such as yourself. I offer myself because
+I see no other certain means of making you
+secure, save by your suffering me to be your legitimate
+defender. If your mother will consent, and I
+am so happy as to have yours, then we will hurry
+on the rites which shall make us one, and not a
+tongue can stir against you and not a hand be lifted
+to pluck you from my side.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua dropped the flower, now petalless. She
+<pb n="215"/><anchor id="Pg215"/>could not speak. He respected her emotions, and
+continued to address her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am confident that I can appease the excitement
+among the people and the priests, and those
+attached to the worship of the divine ancestor.
+They will not dare to push matters to extremities.
+The sacrifice has been illegal all along, but winked
+at by the magistrates because a custom handed down
+with the sanction of antiquity. But a resolute protest
+made—if need be an appeal to Cæsar—and the
+priesthood are paralyzed. Consider also that as my
+wife they could no longer demand you. Their hold
+on you would be done for, as none but an unmarried
+maid may be sacrificed. The very utmost they can
+require in their anger and disappointment will be
+that you should publicly sprinkle a few grains of
+incense on the altar of Nemausus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot do that. I am a Christian.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Believe what you will. Laugh at the gods as
+do I and many another. A few crumbs of frankincense,
+a little puff of smoke that is soon sped.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It may not be.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Remain a Christian, adhere to its philosophy
+or revelation, as Castor calls it. Attend its orgies,
+and be the protectress of your fellow-believers.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="216"/><anchor id="Pg216"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>None the less, I cannot do it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But why not?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot be false to Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What falsehood is there in this?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is a denial of Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Bah! He died two hundred years ago.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He lives, He is ever present, He sees and knows
+all.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, then He will not look harshly on a girl
+who acts thus to save her life.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I should be false to myself as well as to Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot understand this——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, because you do not know and love Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Love Him!</q> echoed Æmilius, <q>He is dead.
+You never saw Him at any time. It is impossible
+for any one to love one invisible, unseen, a mere
+historical character. See, we have all over Gallia
+Narbonensis thousands of Augustals; they form a
+sect, if you will. All their worship is of Augustus
+Cæsar, who died before your Christ. Do you suppose
+that one among those thousands loves him
+whom they worship, and after whom they are
+named, and who is their bond of connection? No—it
+is impossible. It cannot be.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But with us, to know is to love. Christ is the
+<pb n="217"/><anchor id="Pg217"/>power of God, and we love Him because He first
+loved us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Riddles, riddles!</q> said Æmilius, shaking his
+head.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is a riddle that may be solved to you some
+day. I would give my life that it were.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You would?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye, and with joy. You risked your life for
+me. I would give mine to win for you——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Faith. Having that you would know how to
+love.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="19" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="218"/><anchor id="Pg218"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XIX. Marcianus"/><index index="pdf" level1="XIX. Marcianus"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XIX<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">MARCIANUS</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+When the deacon Baudillas and his faithful Pedo
+emerged from the river, and stood on the bank, they
+were aware how icy was the blast that blew, for it
+pierced their sodden garments and froze the marrow
+in their bones.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Master,</q> said Pedo, <q>this is the beginning of a
+storm that will last for a week; you must get under
+shelter, and I will give you certain garments I have
+provided and have concealed hard by in a kiln.
+The gates of the town are shut. I have no need to
+inform you that we are without the city walls.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Pedo guided the deacon to the place where he had
+hidden a bundle of garments, and which was not a
+bowshot distant from the mouth of the sewer. The
+kiln was small; it had happily been in recent use,
+for it was still warm, and the radiation was grateful
+to Baudillas, whose teeth were chattering in his
+head.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have put here bread and meat, and a small skin
+of wine,</q> said the slave. <q>I advise you, master, to
+<pb n="219"/><anchor id="Pg219"/>make a meal; you will relish your food better here
+than in the black-hole. Whilst we eat we consume
+time likewise; but the dawn is returning, and with
+it the gates will be opened and we shall slip in among
+the market people. But, tell me, whither will you
+go?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I would desire, were it advisable, to revisit my
+own house,</q> said the deacon doubtfully.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And I would advise you to keep clear of it,</q>
+said the slave. <q>Should the jailer discover that
+you have escaped, then at once search will be made
+for you, and, to a certainty it will begin at your
+habitation.</q> Then, with a dry laugh, he added,
+<q>And if it be found that I have assisted in your
+evasion, then there will be one more likely to give
+sport to the people at the forthcoming show. Grant
+me the wild beasts and not the cross.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I will not bring thee into danger, faithful
+friend.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot run away on my lame legs,</q> said Pedo.
+<q>Ah! as to those shows. They are to wind up with
+a water-fight—such is the announcement. There
+will be gladiators from Arelate sent over to contend
+in boats against a fleet of our Nemausean ruffians.
+On the previous day there will be sport with wild
+<pb n="220"/><anchor id="Pg220"/>beasts. I am told that there have been wolves
+trapped during the winter in the Cebennæ, and sent
+down here, where they are retained fasting. I have
+heard their howls at night and they have disturbed
+my sleep—their howls and the aches in my thigh.
+I knew the weather would change by the pains in
+my joint. There is a man named Amphilochius, a
+manumitted slave, who broke into and robbed the
+villa of the master who had freed him. He is a
+Greek of Iconium, and the public are promised that
+he shall be cast to the beasts; but whether to the
+panthers, or the wolves, or bear, or given to be gored
+by a bull, that I know not. Then there is a taverner
+from somewhere on the way to Ugernum, who for
+years has murdered such of his guests as he esteemed
+well furnished with money, and has thrown their
+carcasses into the river. He will fight the beasts.
+There is a bear from Larsacus; but they tell me he
+is dull, has not yet shaken off his winter sleep, and
+the people fear they will get small entertainment
+out of him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You speak of these scenes with relish.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah! master, before I was regenerate I dearly
+loved the spectacles. But the contest with bulls!
+That discovers the agility of a man. Falerius
+<pb n="221"/><anchor id="Pg221"/>Volupius Servilianus placed rosettes between their
+horns and gave a prize to any who would pluck
+them away. That was open to be contested for by
+all the youths of Nemausus. There was little danger
+to life or limb, and it taught them to be quick of
+eye and nimble in movement. But it was because
+none were gored that the spectators wearied of these
+innocent sports and clamored for the butchery of
+criminals and the contests of gladiators. There was
+a fine Numidian lion brought by a shipmaster to
+Agatha; a big price was asked, and the citizens of
+Narbo outbid us, so we lost that fine fellow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah, Pedo! please God that none of the brethren
+be exposed to the beasts.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I think there will not be many. The Quatuor-viri
+are slow to condemn, and Petronius Atacinus
+most unwilling of all. There are real criminals
+in the prison sufficient to satisfy an ordinary appetite
+for blood. But, see! we are discussing the amphitheater
+and not considering whither thou wilt betake
+thyself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have been turning the matter over, and I
+think that I will go first to Marcianus, my brother-deacon,
+and report myself to be alive and free, that
+he may inform the bishop; and I will take his advice
+<pb n="222"/><anchor id="Pg222"/>as to my future conduct, and where I shall bestow
+myself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He has remained unmolested,</q> said the slave,
+<q>and that is to me passing strange, for I have been
+told that certain of the brethren, when questioned
+relative to the mutilation of the statue, have accused
+him by name. Yet, so far, nothing has been done.
+Yet I think his house is watched; I have noticed one
+Burrhus hanging about it; and Tarsius, they say,
+has turned informer. See, master! the darkness is
+passing away; already there is a wan light in the
+east.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Had the mouth of the kiln been turned to the
+setting in place of the rising sun, we should not have
+felt the wind so greatly. Well, Pedo, we will be on
+the move. Market people from the country will be
+at the gates. I will consult with Marcianus before
+I do aught.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+An hour later, Baudillas and his attendant were at
+the gate of Augustus, and passed in unchallenged.
+Owing to the furious mistral, accompanied by driving
+rain, the guards muffled themselves in their
+cloaks and paid little attention to the peasants bringing
+in their poultry, fish and vegetables for sale.
+The deacon and his slave entered unnoticed along
+<pb n="223"/><anchor id="Pg223"/>with a party of these. In the street leading to the
+forum was a knot of people about an angry potter
+whose stall had been blown over by the wind. He
+had set boards on trestles, and laid out basins,
+pitchers, lamps, urns on the planks; over all he had
+stretched sail-cloth. The wind had caught the awning
+and beaten it down, upsetting and crushing his
+ware. The potter was swearing that he was ruined,
+and that his disaster was due to the Christians, who
+had exasperated the gods by their crimes and impieties.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Some looking on laughed and asked, shouting,
+whether the gods did not blow as strong blasts out
+of their lungs every year about the same time, and
+whether they did so because annually insulted.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But they don’t break my crocks,</q> stormed the
+potter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Charge double for what remain unfractured,</q>
+joked an onlooker.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come, master,</q> said Pedo, plucking Baudillas
+by the sleeve. <q>If that angry fellow recognize
+you, you are lost. Hold my cloak and turn down
+the lane, then we are at the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">posticum</foreign>, at the back of
+the house. I know some of the family, and they
+will admit us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="224"/><anchor id="Pg224"/>
+
+<p>
+Near by was a shop for flowers. Over the shop
+front was the inscription, <q>Non vendo nisi amantibus
+coronas</q> (<q>I sell garlands to lovers only</q>).<note place="foot">This sign is now in the museum.</note>
+The woman in charge of the bunches and crowns
+of spring flowers looked questioningly at Baudillas.
+Her wares were such as invited only when the sun
+shone. The poor flowers had a draggled and desponding
+appearance. No lovers came to buy in the
+bitter mistral.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come, master, we shall be recognized,</q> said
+Pedo.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In another moment they had passed out of the
+huffle of the wind and the drift of the rain into the
+shelter and warmth of a dwelling.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Pedo bade a slave go to Marcianus and tell the
+deacon that someone below desired a word with
+him. Almost immediately the man returned with
+orders to conduct the visitor to the presence of the
+master.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas was led along a narrow passage into a
+chamber in the inner part of the house, away from
+the apartments for the reception of guests.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The room was warmed. It was small, and had a
+glazed window; that is to say, the opening was closed
+<pb n="225"/><anchor id="Pg225"/>by a sheet of stalagmite from one of the caves of
+Larsacus, cut thin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In this chamber, seated on an easy couch, with
+a roll in his hand, which he was studying, was
+Marcianus. His countenance was hard and haughty.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You!</q> he exclaimed, starting with surprise.
+<q>What brings you here? I heard that you had
+been before the magistrate and had confessed. But,
+bah! of such as you martyrs are not made. You
+have betrayed us and got off clear yourself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You mistake, brother,</q> answered Baudillas,
+modestly. <q>In one thing are you right—I am not
+of the stuff out of which martyrs and confessors
+are fashioned. But I betrayed no one. Not that
+there is any merit due to me for that. I was in such
+a dire and paralyzing fright that I could not speak.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How then come you here?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As we read that the Lord sent His angel to
+deliver Peter from prison, so has it been with me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You lie!</q> said Marcianus angrily. <q>No miracle
+was wrought for you—for such as you who shiver
+and quake and lose power of speech! Bah! Come,
+give me a more rational explanation of your escape.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My slave was the angel who delivered me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So you ran away! Could not endure
+martyr<pb n="226"/><anchor id="Pg226"/>dom, saw the crown shining, and turned tail and
+used your legs. I can well believe it. Coward!
+Unworthy of the name of a Christian, undeserving
+of the cross marked on thy brow, unbecoming of the
+ministry.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know that surely enough,</q> said Baudillas; <q>I
+am of timorous stuff, and from childhood feared
+pain. But I have not denied Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What has brought you here?</q> asked Marcianus
+curtly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have come to thee for counsel.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The counsel I give thou wilt not take. What
+saith the Scripture: <q>He that putteth his hand to
+the plough and turneth back is not fit for the kingdom
+of God.</q> Thou wast called to a glorious confession,
+and looked back and ran away.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And thy counsel?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Return and surrender, and win the crown and
+palm. But it is waste of breath to say such words
+to thee. I know thee. Wast thou subjected to
+torture?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, brother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No; not the rack, nor the torches, nor the hooks,
+nor the thumbscrews. Oh, none of these!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, brother. It is true, I was scarce tried at
+<pb n="227"/><anchor id="Pg227"/>all. Indeed, it was good luck—God forgive me!—it
+was through His mercy that I was saved from
+denying the faith. I was not even asked to sacrifice.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well; go thy ways. I cannot advise thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Stay,</q> said Baudillas. <q>I saw in the outer
+prison some of the faithful, but was in too great fear
+to recognize any. Who have been taken?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The last secured has been the widow Quincta.
+The pontiff and the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign> Augustalis and the priestess
+of Nemausus swear that she shall be put on the
+rack and tortured till she reveals where her daughter
+is concealed, and that amiable drone, the acting
+magistrate, has given consent. Dost thou know
+where the damsel Perpetua is concealed?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Indeed, Marcianus, I know not. But tell me:
+hast thou not been inquired for? I have been told
+how that some have accused thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Me! Who said that?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Marcianus started, and his face worked. <q>Bah!
+they dare not touch me. I belong to the Falerii;
+we have had magistrates in our family, and one
+clothed with the pro-consulship. They will not
+venture to lay hands on me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But what if they know, and it is known through
+<pb n="228"/><anchor id="Pg228"/>the town, that it was thou who didst mutilate the
+statue of the founder?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>They do not know it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, thou deceivest thyself. It is known.
+Some of those who were at the Agape have spoken.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It was thou—dog that thou art!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, it was not I.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Marcianus rose and strode up and down the room,
+biting his nails. Then, contemptuously, he said:
+<q>My family will stand between me and mob or
+magistrate. I fear not. But get thee gone. Thou
+compromisest me by thy presence, thou runagate
+and jail-breaker.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I came here but to notify my escape and to ask
+counsel of thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Get thee gone. Fly out of Nemausus, or thy
+chattering tongue will be set going and reveal everything
+that ought to be kept secret.</q> Then taking
+a turn he added to himself, <q>I belong to the Falerii.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas left; and, as he went from the door,
+Pedo whispered in his ear: <q>Let us escape to Ad
+Fines. We can do so in this detestable weather.
+I have an old friend there, named Blanda. In my
+youth I loved—ah! welladay! that was long ago—and
+we were the chattels of different masters, so it
+<pb n="229"/><anchor id="Pg229"/>came to naught. She is still a slave, but she may be
+able to assist us. I can be sure of that; for the
+remembrance of our old affection, she will do what
+lies in her power to secrete us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He suddenly checked himself, plucked the deacon
+back, and drew him against the wall.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+An ædile, attended by a body of the city police,
+armed like soldiers, advanced and silently surrounded
+the house of Marcianus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the officer struck the door thrice, and called:
+<q>By the authority of Petronius Atacinus and Vibius
+Fuscianus, Quatuor-viri juridicundo, and in the
+name of the Imperator Cæsar Augustus, Marcus
+Aurelius Antoninus, I arrest Cneius Falerius Marcianus,
+on the atrocious charge of sacrilege.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="20" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="230"/><anchor id="Pg230"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XX. In the Basilica"/><index index="pdf" level1="XX. In the Basilica"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XX<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">IN THE BASILICA</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on
+duty, occupied his chair in the stately Plotinian
+Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected
+by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious
+and unscrupulous maneuvers he owed his elevation
+to the throne of the Cæsars. Of this magnificent
+structure nothing remains at present save some
+scraps of the frieze in the museum.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the weather permitted, Petronius or his
+colleagues liked to hear a case in the open air, from
+a tribune in the forum. But this was impossible
+to-day, in the howling wind and lashing rain. The
+court itself was comparatively deserted. A very few
+had assembled to hear the trials. None who had a
+warmed home that day left it uncalled for. Some
+market women set their baskets in the doorway and
+stepped inside, but it was rather because they were
+wet and out of breath than because they were interested
+in the proceedings. Beside the magistrate sat
+the chief <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">pontifex</foreign> who was also Augustal <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign>.
+<pb n="231"/><anchor id="Pg231"/>Of <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">pontifices</foreign> there were three in the city, but one
+of these was a woman, the priestess of Nemausus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Throughout the south of Gaul the worship of
+Augustus had become predominant, and had displaced
+most of the ancestral cults. The temples
+dedicated to Augustus exceeded in richness all
+others, and were crowded when the rest were
+deserted.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jupiter was only not forgotten because he had
+borrowed some of the attributes of the Gallic solar
+deity, and he flourished the golden wheel in one
+hand and brandished the lightnings in the other.
+Juno had lent her name to a whole series of familiar
+spirits of the mountains and of the household, closely
+allied to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">Proxumes</foreign>, a set of domestic Brownies
+or Kobolds, who were chiefly adored and propitiated
+by the women, and who had no other temple than
+the hearth. At Tarasconum, the Phœnician goddess
+Britomartis reigned supreme, and her worship
+was stimulated by a grand annual procession and
+dramatic representation of her conquest over a
+dragon. At Nemausus the corresponding god of
+war was called Mars Britovius. But the Volcæ
+Arecomici were a peaceably-disposed people, and
+paid little devotion to the god of battles. The cult
+<pb n="232"/><anchor id="Pg232"/>of the founder Nemausus did not flag, but that
+of Augustus was in the ascendant. All the freedmen
+were united in one great sodality under his
+invocation, and this guild represented an important
+political factor in the land. It had its religious
+officers, its <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamines</foreign> and <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">seviri</foreign>, attended by lictors,
+and the latter had charge of all the altars at the crossroads,
+and sat next to the civic functionaries in the
+courts, at banquets, in the theater. Rich citizens
+bequeathed large sums to the town and to the sodalities
+to be expended in public feasts, in largesses,
+and in gladiatorial shows. The charge of these
+bequests, as also their distribution, was in the hands
+of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamines</foreign> and <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">seviri</foreign>. The priesthood was,
+therefore, provided with the most powerful of all
+means for gaining and moving the multitude, which
+desired nothing better than bread and games.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Have that door shut!</q> called the magistrate.
+<q>It bangs in this evil wind, and I cannot even hear
+what my excellent friend Lucius Smerius is saying
+in my ear; how then can I catch what is said in
+court?</q> Then, turning to the pontiff, he said: <q>I
+detest this weather. Last year, about this time, I
+was struck with an evil blast, and lost all sense of
+smell and taste for nine months. I had pains in
+<pb n="233"/><anchor id="Pg233"/>my loins and an ache in all my bones. I doubt if
+even the jests of Baubo could have made me laugh;
+I was in lower dumps than even Ceres. Even now,
+when seated far too long in this marble chair, I get
+an ache across my back that assures me I am no
+longer young. But I could endure that if my sense
+of taste had been fully restored. I do not relish
+good wine as of old, and that is piteous, and I really
+at times think of suicide.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It was the work of enchantment,</q> said the pontiff.
+<q>These Christians, in their orgies, stick pins
+into images to produce pains in those the figures
+represent.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How do you know this? Have you been initiated
+into their mysteries?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I——! The Immortals preserve me therefrom.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then, by Pluto, you speak what you have heard
+of the gossips—old wives’ babble. I will tell you
+what my opinion is, Smerius. If you were to thrust
+your nose into the mysteries of the Bona Dea you
+would find—what? No more than did Clodius—nothing
+at all. My wife, she attends them, and
+comes home with her noddle full of all the tittle-tattle
+of Nemausus. It is so with the Christian
+<pb n="234"/><anchor id="Pg234"/>orgies. I would not give a snap of the fingers for
+all the secrets confided to the initiated—neither in
+Eleusis nor in the Serapium, nor among the Christians.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>These men are not like others; they are unsociable,
+brutish, arrogant.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Unsociable I allow. Brutish! The word is inapt;
+for, on the contrary, I find them very simple,
+soft-headed, pulp-hearted folk. They abstain from
+all that is boisterous and cruel. Arrogant they may
+be. There I am at one with you. <q>Live and let
+live</q> is my maxim. We have a score of gods, home
+made and foreign, and they all rub and tumble
+together without squabbling. Of late we have had
+Madame Isis over from Egypt, and the White
+Ladies,<note place="foot">Fairies, adored at Nemausus.</note> and the Proxumes, Victoria Augusta,
+Venus, and Minerva, make room for her without
+even a frown on their divine faces. And imperial
+Rome sanctions all these devotions. Why, did not
+the god Augustus build a temple here to Nemausus
+and pay him divine honors, though he had never
+heard him named before? Now this Christian sect
+is exclusive. It will suffer no gods to stand beside
+Him whom they adore. He must reign alone.
+<pb n="235"/><anchor id="Pg235"/>That I call illiberal, narrow-minded, against the
+spirit of the age and the principle of Roman policy.
+That is the reason why I dislike these Christians.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Here come the prisoners. My good friend, do
+not be too easy with them. It will not do. The
+temper of the people is up. The sodality of Augustus
+swear that they will not decree you a statue, and
+will oppose your nomination to the knighthood.
+They have joined hands with the Cultores Nemausi,
+and insist that proper retribution be administered to
+the transgressors, and that the girl be surrendered.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It shall be done; it shall be so,</q> said the Quatuorvir.
+Then, raising his hand to his mouth, and speaking
+behind it—not that in the roar of the wind such
+a precaution was necessary—he said to the pontiff:
+<q>My dear man, a magistrate has other matters to
+consider than pleasing the clubs. There is the
+prince over all, and he is on the way to Narbonese
+Gaul. It is whispered that he is favorably disposed
+towards this Nazarene sect.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Augustus would not desire to have the laws
+set at naught, and the sodalities are rich enough to
+pay to get access to him and make their complaint.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, well, well! I cannot please all. I have to
+steer my course among shoals and rocks. Keep the
+<pb n="236"/><anchor id="Pg236"/>question of Christianity in the background and
+charge on other grounds. That is my line. I will
+do my best to please all parties. We must have
+sport for the games. The rabble desire to have some
+one punished for spoiling their pet image. But,
+by the Twins, could not the poor god hold his own
+head on his shoulders? If he had been worth an as,
+he would have done so. But there, I nettle you.
+You shall be satisfied along with the rest. Bring up
+the prisoners: Quincta, widow of Aulus Harpinius
+Læto, first of all.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The mother of Perpetua was led forward in a condition
+of terror that rendered her almost unconscious,
+and unable to sustain herself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Quincta,</q> said the magistrate, <q>have no fear for
+yourself. I have no desire to deal sharply with you;
+if you will inform us where is your daughter, you
+shall be dismissed forthwith.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not know——</q> The poor woman could
+say no more.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Give her a seat,</q> ordered Petronius. Then to
+the prisoner: <q>Compose yourself. No doubt that,
+as a mother, you desire to screen your daughter, supposing
+that her life is menaced. No such thing,
+madame. I have spoken with the priestess, and with
+<pb n="237"/><anchor id="Pg237"/>my good friend here, Lucius Smerius, chief pontiff,
+Augustal <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign>, and public haruspex.</q> He bowed
+to the priest at his side. <q>I am assured that the
+god, when he spoke, made no demand for a sacrifice.
+That is commuted. All he desires is that the young
+virgin should pass into his service, and be numbered
+among his priestesses.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She will not consent,</q> gasped Quincta.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I hardly need to point out the honor and advantage
+offered her. The priestesses enjoy great favor
+with the people, have seats of honor at the theater,
+take a high position in all public ceremonies, and are
+maintained by rich endowments.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She will never consent,</q> repeated the mother.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of that we shall judge for ourselves. Where
+is the girl?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do not know.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How so?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She has been carried away from me; I know
+not whither.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>When the old ewe baas the lamb will bleat,</q>
+said the Quatuorvir. <q>We shall find the means to
+make you produce her. Lady Quincta, my duty
+compels me to send you back to prison. You shall
+be allowed two days’ respite. Unless, by the end of
+<pb n="238"/><anchor id="Pg238"/>that time, you are able and willing to give us the
+requisite information, you will be put to the question,
+and I doubt not that a turn of the rack will
+refresh your memory and relax your tongue.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot tell what I do not know.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Remove the woman.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The magistrate leaned back, and turning his head
+to the pontiff, said: <q>Did not your worthy father,
+Spurius, die of a surfeit of octopus? I had a supper
+off the legs last night, and they made me sleep badly;
+they are no better than marine leather.</q> Then to
+the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">vigiles</foreign>: <q>Bring forward Falerius Marcianus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon was conducted before the magistrate.
+He was pale, and his lips ashen and compressed. His
+dark eyes turned in every direction. He was looking
+for kinsmen and patron.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are charged, Falerius, with having broken
+the image of the god whom Nemausus delights to
+honor, and who is the reputed founder of the city.
+You conveyed his head to the house of Baudillas,
+and several witnesses have deposed that you made
+boast that you had committed the sacrilegious act
+of defacing the statue. What answer make you to
+this?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Marcianus replied in a low voice.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="239"/><anchor id="Pg239"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Speak up,</q> said the magistrate; <q>I cannot hear
+thee, the wind blusters and bellows so loud.</q> Aside
+to the pontiff Smerius he added: <q>And ever since
+that evil blast you wot of, I have suffered from a
+singing in my ears.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I did it,</q> said the deacon. Again he looked
+about him, but saw none to support him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then,</q> said the magistrate, <q>we shall at once
+conclude this matter. The outrage is too gross to
+be condoned or lightly punished. Even thy friends
+and kinsfolk have not appeared to speak for thee.
+Thy family has been one of dignity and authority
+in Nemausus. There have been members who have
+been clothed with the Quatuorvirate <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">de aerario</foreign>
+and have been accorded the use of a horse at public
+charge. Several have been decurions wearing the
+white toga and the purple stripe. This aggravates
+the impiety of your act. I sentence Cneius Falerius
+Marcianus, son of Marius Audolatius, of the Voltinian
+tribe, to be thrown to the beasts in the approaching
+show, and that his goods be confiscated,
+and that out of his property restitution be made, by
+which a new statue to the god Nemausus be provided,
+to be set up in the place of that injured by
+the same Cneius Falerius Marcianus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="240"/><anchor id="Pg240"/>
+
+<p>
+The deacon made an attempt to speak. He
+seemed overwhelmed with astonishment and dismay
+at the sentence, so utterly unexpected in its severity.
+He gesticulated and cried out, but the Quatuorvir
+was cold and weary. He had pronounced a sentence
+that would startle all the town, and he thought he
+had done enough.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Remove him at once,</q> said he.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Petronius turned to the pontiff and said:
+<q>Now, my Smerius, what say you to this? Will not
+this content you and all the noisy rag-tag at your
+back?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Next he commanded the rest of the prisoners to be
+brought forward together. This was a mixed number
+of poor persons, some women, some old men,
+boys, slaves and freedmen; none belonged to the
+upper class or even to that of the manufacturers and
+tradesmen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are all dismissed,</q> said the magistrate.
+<q>The imprisonment you have undergone will serve
+as a warning to you not to associate with image-breakers,
+not to enter into sodalities which have not
+received the sanction of Cæsar, and which are not
+compatible with the well-being and quiet of the city
+and are an element of disturbance in the empire. Let
+<pb n="241"/><anchor id="Pg241"/>us hear no more of this pestilent nonsense. Go—worship
+what god ye will—only not Christos.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the lictors gathered around the Quatuorvir
+and the pontiff, who also rose, and extended his hand
+to assist the magistrate, who made wry faces as
+rheumatic twinges nipped his back.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come with me, Smerius,</q> said the Quatuorvir,
+<q>I have done the best for you that lay in my power.
+I hate unnecessary harshness. But this fellow,
+Falerius Marcianus, has deserved the worst. If the
+old woman be put on the rack and squeak out, and
+Marcianus be devoured by beasts, the people will
+have their amusement, and none can say that I have
+acted with excessive rigor—and, my dear man—not
+a word has been said about Christianity. The
+cases have been tried on other counts, do you see?</q>
+he winked. <q>Will you breakfast with me? There
+are mullets from the Satera, stewed in white wine—confound
+those octopi!—I feel them still.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="21" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="242"/><anchor id="Pg242"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXI. A Manumission"/><index index="pdf" level1="XXI. A Manumission"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXI<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">A MANUMISSION</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+<q>Blanda, what shall I do?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius had withdrawn immediately after the
+interview in the citron-house, and Perpetua was
+left a prey to even greater distress of mind than
+before.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Accustomed to lean on her mother, she was now
+without support. She drew towards the female
+slave, who had a patient, gentle face, marked with
+suffering.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Blanda, what shall I do?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Mistress, how can I advise? If you had been
+graciously pleased to take counsel of my master, he
+would have instructed you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Alack! what I desire is to find my mother. If,
+as I suppose, she is in concealment in Nemausus,
+he will be unable to discover her. No clue will be
+put into his hand. He will be regarded with suspicion.
+He will search; I do not doubt his good
+will, but he will not find. Those who know where
+my mother is will look on him with suspicion. O
+<pb n="243"/><anchor id="Pg243"/>Blanda, is there none in this house who believes,
+whom I could send to some of the Church?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady,</q> answered the slave, <q>there be no Christians
+here. There is a Jew, but he entertains a deadly
+hate of such as profess to belong to this sect. To the
+rest one religion is as indifferent as another. Some
+swear by the White Ladies, some by Serapis, and
+there is one who talks much of Mithras, but who
+this god is I know not.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>If I am to obtain information it must be through
+some one who is to be trusted.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady,</q> said the woman-slave, <q>the master has
+given strict orders that none shall speak of you as
+having found a shelter here. Yet when slaves get
+together, by the Juno of the oaks, I believe men
+chatter and are greater magpies than we women;
+their tongues run away with them, especially when
+they taste wine. If one of the family were sent
+on this commission into the town, ten <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">sesterces</foreign> to
+an <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">as</foreign>, he would tell that you are here, and would
+return as owlish and ignorant as when he went forth.
+Men’s minds are cudgels, not awls. If thou desirest
+to find out a thing, trust a woman, not a man.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot rest till I have news.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There has been a great search made after
+<pb n="244"/><anchor id="Pg244"/>Christians, and doubtless she is, as thou sayest, in
+concealment, surely among friends. Have patience.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But, Blanda, she is in an agony of mind as to
+what has become of me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The slave-woman considered for awhile, and then
+said:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is a man who might help; he certainly
+can be relied on. He is of the strange sect I know,
+and he would do anything for me, and would betray
+no secrets.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Who is that?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>His name is Pedo, and he is the slave to Baudillas
+Macer, son of Carisius Adgonna, who has a
+house in the lower town.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>O Blanda!</q> exclaimed Perpetua, <q>it was from
+the house of Baudillas that I was enticed away.</q>
+Then, after some hesitation, she added: <q>That
+house, I believe, was invaded by the mob; but I
+think my mother had first escaped.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady, I have heard that Baudillas has been
+taken before the magistrate, and has been cast into
+the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign>, because that in his house was found the
+head of the god; and it was supposed that he was
+guilty of the sacrilege, either directly or indirectly.
+<pb n="245"/><anchor id="Pg245"/>He that harbors a thief is guilty as the thief. I
+heard that yesterday. No news has since been received.
+I mistrust my power of reaching the town,
+of standing against the gale. Moreover, as the
+master has been imprisoned, it is not likely that the
+slave will be in the empty house. Yet, if thou wilt
+tarry till the gale be somewhat abated and the rain
+cease to fall in such a rush, I will do my utmost to
+assist thee. I will go to the town myself, and communicate
+with Pedo, if I can find him. He will
+trust me, poor fellow!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot require thee to go forth in this furious
+wind,</q> said Perpetua.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And, lady, thou must answer to my master for
+me. Say that I went at thine express commands;
+otherwise I shall be badly beaten.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Is thy master so harsh?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, I am a slave. Who thinks of a slave any
+more than of an ass or a lapdog? It was through a
+severe scourging with the cat that I was brought to
+know Pedo.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tell me, how was that?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Does my lady care for matters that affect her
+slave?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, good Blanda, we Christians know no
+differ<pb n="246"/><anchor id="Pg246"/>ence between bond and free. All are the children
+of one God, who made man. Our master, though
+Lord of all, made Himself of no reputation, but took
+on Him the form of a servant; and was made subject
+for us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is just how Pedo talks. We slaves have
+our notions of freedom and equality, and there is
+much tall talk in the servants’ hall on the rights of
+man. But I never heard of a master or mistress
+holding such opinions.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nevertheless this doctrine is a principle of our
+religion. Listen to this; the words are those of one
+of our great teachers: <q>There is neither Jew nor
+Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is
+neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Christ
+Jesus.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Was he a slave who said that?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No; he was a Roman citizen.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That I cannot understand. Yet perhaps he
+spoke it at an election time, or when he was an
+advocate in the forum. It was a sentiment; very
+fine, smartly put, but not to be practiced.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There, Blanda, you are wrong. We Christians
+do act upon this principle, and it forms a bond of
+union between us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="247"/><anchor id="Pg247"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, I understand it not. I have heard the
+slaves declaim among themselves, saying that they
+were as good as, nay, better than, their masters; but
+they never whispered such a thought where were
+their masters’ ears, or they would have been soundly
+whipped. In the forum, when lawyers harangue,
+they say fine things of this sort; and when candidates
+are standing for election, either as a sevir or
+as a quatuorvir, all sorts of fine words fly about, and
+magnificent promises are made, but they are intended
+only to tickle ears and secure votes. None
+believe in them save the vastly ignorant and the
+very fools.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come, tell me about thyself and Pedo.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah, lady, that was many years ago. I was then
+in the household of Helvia Secundilla, wife of Calvius
+Naso. On one occasion, because I had not
+brought her May-dew wherewith to bathe her face
+to remove sun-spots, she had me cruelly beaten.
+There were knucklebones knotted in the cat wherewith
+I was beaten. Thirty-nine lashes I received.
+I could not collect May-dew, for the sky was overcast
+and the herb was dry. But she regarded not
+my excuse. Tullia, my fellow-slave, was more sly.
+She filled a flask at a spring and pretended that she
+<pb n="248"/><anchor id="Pg248"/>had gathered it off the grass, and that her fraud
+might not be detected, she egged her mistress
+on against me. I was chastised till my back was
+raw.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Poor Blanda!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye, my back was one bleeding wound, and yet
+I was compelled to put on my garment and go forth
+again after May-dew. It was then that I encountered
+Pedo. I was in such pain that I walked sobbing,
+and my tears fell on the arid grass. He came
+to me, moved by compassion, and spoke kindly, and
+my heart opened, and I told him all. Then he gave
+me a flask filled with a water in which elder flowers
+had been steeped, and bade me wash my back therewith.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And it healed thee?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It soothed the fever of my blood and the anguish
+of my wounds. They closed, and in a few days
+were cicatriced. But Pedo had been fellow-slave
+with a Jewish physician, and from him had learned
+the use of simples. My mistress found no advantage
+from the spring-water brought her as May-dew.
+Then I offered her some of the decoction given me
+by Pedo, and that had a marvelous effect on her
+freckles. Afterwards her treatment of me was
+<pb n="249"/><anchor id="Pg249"/>kinder, and it was Tullia who received the whippings.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And did you see more of Pedo?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Blanda colored.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Mistress, that was the beginning of our acquaintance.
+He was with a good master, Baudillas Macer,
+who, he said, would manumit him at any time. But,
+alas! what would that avail me? I remained in
+bondage. Ah, lady, Pedo regarded me with tenderness,
+and, indeed, I could have been happy with
+none other but him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is old and lame.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah, lady, I think the way he moves on his lame
+hip quite beautiful. I do not admire legs when one
+is of the same length as another—it gives a stiff
+uniformity not to my taste.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And he is old?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ripe, lady—full ripe as a fig in August. Sour
+fruit are unpleasant to eat. Young men are prigs
+and think too much of themselves.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How long ago was it that this acquaintance
+began?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Five and twenty years. I trusted, when my
+master, Calvius Naso—he was so called because he
+really had a long nose, and my mistress was wont to
+<pb n="250"/><anchor id="Pg250"/>tweak it—but there! I wander. I did think that
+he would have given me my freedom. In his illness
+I attended to him daily, nightly. I did not sleep,
+I was ever on the watch for him. As to my mistress,
+she was at her looking-glass, and using depilatory
+fluid on some hairs upon her chin, expecting shortly
+to be a widow. She did not concern herself about
+the master. He died, but left money only for the
+erection of a statue in the forum. Me he utterly
+forgot. Then my mistress sold me to the father of
+my present master. When he died also he manumitted
+eight slaves, but they were all men. His
+monument stands beside the road to Tolosa, with
+eight Phrygian caps sculptured on it, to represent
+the manumissions; but me—he forgot.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then, for all these five and twenty years you
+have cared for Pedo and desired to be united to
+him!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, I longed for it greatly for twenty years,
+and so did he, poor fellow; but, after that, hope died.
+I have now no hope, no joy in life, no expectation of
+aught. Presently will come death, and death ends
+all.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, Blanda; that is not what we hold. We look
+for eternal life.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="251"/><anchor id="Pg251"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>For masters, not for slaves.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>For slaves as well as masters, and then God will
+wipe away all tears from our eyes.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Alack, mistress. The power to hope is gone
+from me. In a wet season, when there is little sun,
+then the fruit mildews on the tree and drops off.
+When we were young we put forth the young fruit
+of hopes; but there has been no sun. They fall off,
+and the tree can bear no more.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Blanda, if ever I have the power——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, mistress, with my master you can do anything.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Blanda, I do not know that I can ask him for
+this—thy freedom. But, if the opportunity offers,
+I certainly will not forget thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A slave appeared at the door and signed to Blanda,
+who, with an obeisance, asked leave to depart. The
+leave was given, and she left the room.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Presently she returned in great excitement, followed
+by Baudillas and Pedo, both drenched with
+rain and battered by the gale.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua uttered an exclamation of delight, and
+rushed to the deacon with extended arms.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I pray, I pray, give me some news of my
+mother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="252"/><anchor id="Pg252"/>
+
+<p>
+But he drew back likewise surprised, and replied
+with another question:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Lady Perpetua! And how come you to
+be here?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That I will tell later,</q> answered the girl. <q>Now
+inform me as to my mother.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Alas!</q> replied Baudillas, wiping the rain from
+his face, <q>the news is sad. She has been taken
+before Petronius, and has been consigned to prison.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My mother is in prison!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon desired to say no more, but he was
+awkward at disguising his unwillingness to speak
+the whole truth. The eager eyes of the girl read
+the hesitation in his face.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I beseech you,</q> she urged, <q>conceal nothing
+from me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have told you, she is in jail.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>On what charge? Who has informed against
+her?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I was not in the court when she was tried. I
+know very little. I was near the town, waiting
+about, and I got scraps of information from some of
+our people, and from Pedo, who went into the city.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then you do know. Answer me truly. Tell
+me all.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="253"/><anchor id="Pg253"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>I—I was in prison myself, but escaped through
+the aid of Pedo. I tarried in an old kiln. He advised
+that I should come on here, where he had
+friends. Dost thou know that Marcianus has been
+sentenced? He will win that glorious crown which
+I have lost. I—I, unworthy, I fled, when it might
+have been mine. Yet, God forgive me! I am not
+ungrateful to Pedo. Marcianus said I was a coward,
+and unfit for the Kingdom of God; that I should be
+excluded because I had turned back. God forgive
+me!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Suddenly Perpetua laid hold of Baudillas by
+both arms, and so gripped him that the water
+oozed between her fingers and dropped on the
+floor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I adjure thee, by Him in whom we both believe,
+answer me truly, speak fully. Is my mother retained
+in prison till I am found?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon looked down nervously, uncomfortably,
+and shuffled from foot to foot.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Understand,</q> said he, after a long silence, <q>all
+I learned is by hearsay. I really know nothing for
+certain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I suffer more by your silence than were I to be
+told the truth, be the truth never so painful.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="254"/><anchor id="Pg254"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Have I not said it? The Lady Quincta is in
+prison.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Is that all?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again he maintained an embarrassed silence.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It matters not,</q> said Perpetua firmly. <q>I will
+my own self find out what has taken place. I shall
+return to Nemausus on foot, and immediately. I
+will deliver myself up to the magistrate and demand
+my mother’s release.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You must not go—the weather is terrible.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I shall—nothing can stay me. I shall go, and
+go alone, and go at once.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is no need for such haste. It is not
+till to-morrow that Quincta will be put on the
+rack.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>On the rack!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Fool that I am! I have uttered what I should
+have kept secret.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is said. My resolve is formed. I return to
+Nemausus.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then,</q> said the deacon, <q>I will go with thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is no need. I will take Blanda.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I will go. A girl, a young girl shames me. I
+run away from death, and she offers herself to the
+sword. Marcianus said I was a renegade. I will
+<pb n="255"/><anchor id="Pg255"/>not be thought to have denied my Master—to have
+fled from martyrdom.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then,</q> said Perpetua, <q>I pray thee this—first
+give freedom unto Pedo.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Baudillas administered a slight stroke on the
+cheek to his slave, and said:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Go; thou art discharged from bondage.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="22" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="256"/><anchor id="Pg256"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXII. The Arena"/><index index="pdf" level1="XXII. The Arena"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE ARENA</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The games that were to be given in the amphitheater
+of Nemausus on the nones of March were
+due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated,
+or rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who
+had brought so many citizens of Rome to death during
+the principate of Tiberius. He had run great
+risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a
+piece of adroit flattery. In dying he bequeathed a
+large sum out of his ill-gotten gains—the plunder of
+those whom he had destroyed, and whose families
+he had ruined—to be expended in games in the
+amphitheater on the nones of March, for the delectation
+of the citizens, and to keep his memory
+green in his native city.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The games were to last two days. On the first
+there would be contests with beasts, and on the
+second a water combat, when the arena would be
+flooded and converted into a lake.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Great anxiety was entertained relative to the
+<pb n="257"/><anchor id="Pg257"/>weather. Unless the mistral ceased and the rain
+passed away, it would be impossible for the sports
+to be held. It was true that the entire oval could
+be covered in by curtains and mats, stretched between
+poles, but this contrivance was intended as
+shelter against sun and not rain. Moreover, the
+violence of the wind had rendered it quite impossible
+to extend the curtains.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The town was in the liveliest excitement. The
+man guilty of having mutilated the statue had been
+sentenced to be cast to the beasts, and this man was
+no vulgar criminal out of the slums, but belonged to
+one of the superior <q>orders.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That a great social change had taken place in the
+province, and that the freedmen had stepped into
+power and influence, to the displacement of their
+former masters, was felt by the descendants of the
+first Ægypto-Greek colonists, and by the relics of
+the Gaulish nobility, but they hardly endured to
+admit the fact in words. The exercise of the rights
+of citizenship, the election of the officials, the qualification
+for filling the superior secular and religious
+offices, belonged to the decurion or noble families.
+Almost the sole office open to those below was that
+of the seviri; and yet even in elections the
+freed<pb n="258"/><anchor id="Pg258"/>men were beginning to exhibit a power of control.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now, one of the old municipal families was to
+be humbled by a member being subjected to the
+degradation of death in the arena, and none of the
+Falerii ventured to raise a voice in his defence, so
+critical did they perceive the situation to be. The
+sodality of the Augustals in conclave had determined
+that an example was to be made of Marcianus, and
+had made this plain to the magistrates. They had
+even insisted on the manner of his execution. His
+death would be a plain announcement to the decurion
+class that its domination was at an end. The
+ancient patrician and plebeian families of Rome had
+been extinguished in blood, and their places filled by
+a new nobility of army factors and money-lenders.
+A similar revolution had taken place in the provinces
+by less bloody means. There, the transfer of power
+was due largely to the favor of the prince accorded
+to the freedmen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the Augustal colleges everywhere, the Cæsar
+had a body of devoted adherents, men without
+nationality, with no historic position, no traditions
+of past independence; men, moreover, who were
+shrewd enough to see that by combination they
+<pb n="259"/><anchor id="Pg259"/>would eventually be able to wrest the control of the
+municipal government from those who had hitherto
+exercised it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The rumor spread rapidly that a fresh entertainment
+was to be provided. The damsel who had
+been rescued from the basin of Nemausus had surrendered
+herself in order to obtain the release of her
+mother; and the magistrate in office, Petronius
+Atacinus, out of consideration for the good people
+of the town, whom he loved, and out of reverence
+for the gods who had been slighted, had determined
+that she should be produced in the arena, and there
+obliged publicly to sacrifice, and then to be received
+into the priesthood. Should she, however, prove
+obdurate, then she would be tortured into compliance.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nor was this all. Baudillas Macer, the last scion
+of a decayed Volcian family, who had been cast into
+the pit of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">robur</foreign>, but had escaped, was also to
+be brought out and executed, as having assisted in
+the rescue of Perpetua from the fountain, but chiefly
+for having connived at the crime of Falerius Marcianus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To the general satisfaction, the wind fell as suddenly
+as it had risen, and that on the night preceding
+<pb n="260"/><anchor id="Pg260"/>the sports. The weather remained bitterly cold, and
+the sky was dark with clouds that seemed ready to
+burst. Not a ray of sunlight traveled across the
+arena and climbed the stages of the amphitheater.
+The day might have been one in November, and the
+weather that encountered on the northern plains of
+Germania.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The townsfolk, and the spectators from the country,
+came provided against the intemperance of the
+weather, wrapped in their warmest mantles, which
+they drew as hoods over their heads. Slaves arrived,
+carrying boxes with perforated tops, that contained
+glowing charcoal, so that their masters and mistresses
+might keep their feet warm whilst attending the
+games. Some carried cushions for the seats, others
+wolf-skin rugs to throw over the knees of the well-to-do
+spectators.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The ranges of the great oval were for the most
+part packed with spectators. The topmost seats were
+full long before the rest. The stone benches were
+divided into tiers. At the bottom, near the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">podium</foreign>
+or breastwork confining the arena, were those for
+the municipal dignitaries, for the priests, and for
+certain strangers to whom seats had been granted
+by decree of the town council. Here might be read,
+<pb n="261"/><anchor id="Pg261"/><q>Forty seats decreed to the navigators of the Rhône
+and Saone;</q> at another part of the circumference,
+<q>Twenty-five places appointed to the navigators of
+the Ardèche and the Ouvèze.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Above the ranges of seats set apart for the officials
+and guests were those belonging to the decurions and
+knights, the nobility and gentry of the town and
+little republic. The third range was that allotted to
+the freedmen and common townsfolk and peasants
+from the country, and the topmost stage was abandoned
+to be occupied by slaves alone. At one end
+of the ellipse sat the principal magistrates close to
+the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">podium</foreign> at one end, and at the other the master
+of the games and his attendants, the prefect of the
+watch and of the firemen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Two doors, one at each end, gave access to the
+arena, or means of exit. One was that of the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">vivarium</foreign>,
+whence the gladiators and prisoners issued
+from a large chamber under the seats and feet of the
+spectators. The other door was that which conducted
+to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">libitinum</foreign>, into which were cast the
+corpses of men and the carcasses of beasts that had
+perished in the games.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Immediately below the seat of the principal
+magistrates and of the pontiffs was a little altar, on
+<pb n="262"/><anchor id="Pg262"/>the breastwork about the arena, with a statue of
+Nemausus above it; and a priest stood at the side
+to keep the charcoal alight, and to serve the incense
+to such as desired to do homage to the god.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was remarked that the attendance in the reserved
+seats of the decurions was meager. Such as
+were connected with the Falerian family by blood
+or marriage made it a point to absent themselves;
+others stayed away because huffed at the insolence
+of the freedmen, and considering that the sentence
+passed on Marcianus was a slight cast on their
+order.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the other hand, the freedmen crowded to the
+show in full force, and not having room to accommodate
+themselves and their families in the zone
+allotted to them, some audaciously threw themselves
+over the barriers of demarcation and were followed
+by others, and speedily flooded the benches of the
+decurions.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the magistrates arrived, preceded by their
+lictors, all in the amphitheater rose, and the
+Quatuor-viri bowed to the public. Each took a pinch
+from the priest, who extended a silver shell containing
+aromatic gums, and cast it on the fire, some
+gravely, Petronius with a flippant gesture. Then
+<pb n="263"/><anchor id="Pg263"/>the latter turned to the Augustal <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign>, saying:
+<q>To the god Augustus and the divine Julia (Livia),</q>
+and he threw some more grains on the charcoal.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Body of Bacchus!</q> said he, as he took his seat,
+<q>a little fizzling spark such as that may please the
+gods, but does not content me. I wish I had a roaring
+fire at which, like a babe out of its bath, I could
+spread my ten toes and as many fingers. Such a day
+as this is! With cold weather I cannot digest my
+food properly. I feel a lump in me as did Saturn
+when his good Rhea gave him a meal of stones. I
+am full of twinges. By Vulcan and his bellows!
+if it had not been for duty I would have been at
+home adoring the Lares and Penates. These shows
+are for the young and warm-blooded. The arms of
+my chair send a chill into my marrow-bones. What
+comes first? Oh! a contest with a bull. Well, I
+shall curl up and doze like a marmot. Wake me,
+good Smerius, when the next portion of the entertainment
+begins.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A bull was introduced, and a gladiator was employed
+to exasperate and play with the beast. He
+waved a garment before its eyes, then drove a sharp
+instrument into its flank, and when the beast
+turned, he nimbly leaped out of the way. When
+<pb n="264"/><anchor id="Pg264"/>pursued he ran, then turned sharply, put his hands
+on the back of the bull, and leaped over it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The people cheered, but they had seen the performance
+so often repeated that they speedily tired
+of such poor sport. The bull was accordingly
+dispatched. Horses were introduced and hooked to
+the carcass, which was rapidly drawn out. Then
+entered attendants of the amphitheater, who strewed
+sand where the blood had been spilt, bowed and
+retired.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thereupon the jailer threw open the gates of the
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">vivarium</foreign> and brought forth the prisoners. These
+consisted of the taverner who had murdered his
+guests, the manumitted slave who had robbed his
+master, Baudillas, Marcianus and Perpetua.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A thrill of cruel delight ran through the concourse
+of spectators. Now something was about to
+be shown them, harrowing to the feelings, gratifying
+to the ferocity that is natural to all men, and is
+expelled, not at all by civilization, but by divine
+grace only.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It enhanced the pleasure of the spectators that
+criminals should witness the death of their fellows.
+Eyes scanned their features, observed whether they
+turned sick and faint, whether they winced, or
+<pb n="265"/><anchor id="Pg265"/>whether they remained cool and callous. This gave
+a cruel zest to their enjoyment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A bear was produced. Dogs were set on him, and
+he was worried till he shook off his torpor and was
+worked into fury. Then, at a sign from the manager
+of the games, the dogs were called off, and the
+man who had murdered his guests was driven forward
+towards the incensed beast.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The fellow was sullen, and gave no token of fear.
+He folded his arms, leaned against the marble
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">podium</foreign>, and looked contemptuously around him at
+the occupants of the tiers of seats.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The bear, relieved from his aggressors, seemed
+indisposed to notice the man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the spectators roared to the criminal, bidding
+him invite the brute against himself. It was a
+strange fact that often in these horrible exhibitions
+a man condemned to fight with the beasts allowed
+himself a brief display of vanity, and sought to elicit
+the applause of the spectators by his daring conduct
+to the animal that was to mangle and kill
+him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the ill-humored fellow would not give this
+pleasure to the onlookers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the master of the sports signed to the
+attend<pb n="266"/><anchor id="Pg266"/>ants to goad the bear. They obeyed, and he turned
+and growled and struck at them, but would not
+touch the man designed to be hugged by him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After many vain attempts, amidst the hooting
+and roar of the people, a sign was made. Some
+gladiators leaped in, and with their swords dispatched
+the taverner.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The spectators were indignant. They had been
+shown no sport, only a common execution. They
+were shivering with cold; some grumbled, and said
+that this was childish stuff to witness which was
+not worth the discomfort of the exposure. Then,
+as with one voice, rose the yell: <q>The wolves! send
+in the wolves! Marcianus to the wolves!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The master of the games dispatched a messenger
+to the Quatuorvir who was then the acting magistrate.
+He nodded to what was said, waved his hand
+in the direction of the master’s box, and the latter
+sent an attendant to the keeper of the beasts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The jailer-executioner at once grasped the deacon
+Falerius Marcianus by the shoulders, bade him descend
+some steps and enter the arena.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Marcianus was deadly white. He shrank with
+disgust from the spot where the soil was drenched
+with the blood of the taverner, and which was not
+<pb n="267"/><anchor id="Pg267"/>as yet strewn over with fresh sand. He cast a furtive
+look at the altar, then made an appealing
+gesture to the magistrate.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come here, Cneius Marcianus,</q> said Petronius.
+<q>You belong to a respectable and ancient family.
+You have been guilty of an infamous deed that has
+brought disgrace on your entire order. See how
+many absent themselves this day on that account!
+Your property is confiscated, you are sentenced to
+death. Yet I give you one chance. Sacrifice to the
+gods and blaspheme Christ. I do not promise you
+life if you do this. You must appeal to the people.
+If they see you offer incense, they will know that
+you have renounced the Crucified. Then I will put
+the question to their decision. If they hold up their
+thumbs you will live. Consider, it is a chance; it
+depends, not on me, but on their humor. Will you
+sacrifice?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Marcianus looked at the mighty hoop of faces. He
+saw that the vast concourse was thrilled with expectation;
+a notion crossed the mind of one of the
+freedmen that Marcianus was being given a means
+of escape, and he shouted words that, though audible
+and intelligible to those near, were not to be caught
+by such as were distant. But the purport of his
+<pb n="268"/><anchor id="Pg268"/>address was understood, and produced a deafening,
+a furious roar of remonstrance.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I will not sacrifice,</q> said the deacon; <q>I am a
+Christian.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Petronius Atacinus raised his hand, partly
+to assure the spectators that he was not opposing
+their wishes, partly as a signal to the master of the
+games.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Instantly a low door in the barrier was opened,
+and forth rushed a howling pack of wolves. When
+they had reached the center of the arena, they stood
+for a moment snuffing, and looked about them in
+questioning attitudes. Some, separating from the
+rest, ran with their snouts against the ground to
+where the recent blood had been spilt. But, all at
+once, a huge gray wolf, that led the pack, uttered
+a howl, and made a rush and a leap towards Marcianus;
+and the rest followed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The sight was too terrible for the deacon to contemplate
+it unmoved. He remained but for an
+instant as one frozen, and then with a cry he started
+and ran round the ellipse, and the whole gray pack
+tore after him. Now and then, finding that they
+gained on him, he turned with threatening gestures
+that cowed the brutes; but this was for a moment
+<pb n="269"/><anchor id="Pg269"/>only. Their red eyes, their gleaming teeth filled the
+wretched man with fresh terror, and again he ran.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The spectators clapped their hands—some stood
+up on their seats and laughed in ecstasy of enjoyment.
+Once, twice he made the circuit of the arena;
+and his pace, if possible, became quicker. The delight
+of the spectators became an intoxication. It was
+exquisite. Fear in the flying man became frantic.
+His breath, his strength were failing. Then suddenly
+he halted, half turned, and ran to the foot of
+the barrier before the seat of the Quatuor-viri, and
+extended his hand: <q>Give me the incense! I worship
+Nemausus! I adore Augustus! I renounce
+Christ!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the same moment the old monster wolf had
+seized him from behind. The arms of the deacon
+were seen for an instant in the air. The spectators
+stamped and danced and cheered—the dense gray
+mass of writhing, snarling beasts closed over the
+spot where Marcianus had fallen!
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="23" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="270"/><anchor id="Pg270"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXIII. The Cloud-Break"/><index index="pdf" level1="XXIII. The Cloud-Break"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXIII<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE CLOUD-BREAK</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The acting magistrate turned to his fellow-quatuorvir,
+charged with co-ordinate judicial authority,
+on the left, and said: <q>Your nose is leaden-purple
+in hue.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No marvel, in this cold. I ever suffer there
+with the least frost. My ear lobes likewise are seats
+of chilblain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>In this climate! Astonishing! If it had been
+in Britain, or in Germany, it might have been
+expected.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My brother-magistrate,</q> said Vibius Fuscianus,
+<q>I believe that here in the south we are more sensible
+to frost than are those who live under hyperborean
+skies. There they expect cold, and take precautions
+accordingly. Here the blasts fall on us
+unawares. We groan and sigh till the sun shines
+out, and then forget our sufferings. Who but fools
+would be here to-day? Look above. The clouds
+hang low, and are so dark that we may expect to
+be pelted with hail.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="271"/><anchor id="Pg271"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye,</q> laughed Petronius, <q>as big as the pebbles
+that strew the Crau wherewith Hercules routed the
+Ligurians. Well; it is black as an eclipse. I will
+give thee a hint, Vibius mine! I have made my
+slave line this marble seat with hot bricks. They
+are comforting to the spine, the very column of life.
+Presently he will be here with another supply.
+You see we are not all fools. Some do make provision
+against the cold.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I wish I had thought of this before.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is precisely the wish that crossed the mind
+of the poor wretch whom the wolves have finished.
+He postponed his renunciation of Christ till just too
+late.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Lucius Petronius yawned, stretched himself,
+and signed that the freedman who had robbed the
+master who had manumitted him, should be delivered
+to a panther.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The wolves were with difficulty chased out of the
+arena, and then all was prepared for this next exhibition.
+It was brief. The beast was hungry, and the
+criminal exposed made little effort to resist. Next
+came the turn of Baudillas.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Without raising himself in his seat, the Quatuorvir
+said languidly: <q>You broke out of prison, you
+<pb n="272"/><anchor id="Pg272"/>were charged with aiding and abetting sacrilege.
+You refused to sacrifice to the genius of the Emperor.
+Well, if you will cast a few grains of incense
+in the fire, I will let you depart.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot forswear Christ,</q> said Baudillas with
+a firmness that surprised none so much as himself.
+But, indeed, the fall of Marcianus, so far from drawing
+him along into the same apostasy, had caused a
+recoil in his soul. To hear his fellow-ministrant
+deny Christ, to see him extend his hands for the
+incense—that inspired him with an indignation
+which gave immense force to his resolution. The
+Church had been dishonored, the ministry disgraced
+in Marcianus. Oh, that they might not be thus
+humbled in himself!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Baudillas Macer,</q> said the magistrate, <q>take
+advice, and be speedy in making your election; your
+fellow, who has just furnished a breakfast to the
+wolves, hesitated a moment too long, and so lost his
+life. By the time he had resolved to act as a wise
+man and a good citizen, not the gods themselves
+could deliver him. <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">Flamen</foreign>, hand the shell with
+the grains to this sensible fellow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot offer sacrifice.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are guilty of treason against Cæsar if you
+<pb n="273"/><anchor id="Pg273"/>refuse to sacrifice to his genius. Never mind about
+Nemausus, whose image is there. Say—the genius
+of Cæsar, and you are quit.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am his most obedient subject.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then offer a libation or some frankincense.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot. I pray daily to God for him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A wilful man is like a stubborn ass. There is
+naught for him but the stick. I can do no more.
+I shall sentence you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am ready to die for Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then lead him away. The sword!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The deacon bowed. <q>I am unworthy of shedding
+my blood for Christ,</q> he said, and his voice,
+though low, was firm.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then he looked around and saw the Bishop Castor
+in the zone allotted to the citizens and knights.
+Baudillas crossed his arms on his breast and knelt on
+the sand, and the bishop, rising from his seat, extended
+his hand in benediction.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He, Castor, had not been called to sacrifice. He
+had not courted death, but he had not shrunk from
+it. He had not concealed himself, nevertheless he
+had been passed over.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the deacon, with firm step, walked into the
+center of the arena and knelt down.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="274"/><anchor id="Pg274"/>
+
+<p>
+In another moment his head was severed from the
+body.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The attendants immediately removed every trace
+of the execution, and now arrived the moment for
+which all had looked with impatience.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The magistrate said: <q>Bring forward Perpetua,
+daughter of Aulus Harpinius Læto, that has
+lived.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At once Æmilius sprang into the arena and advanced
+before Petronius.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Suffer me to act as her advocate,</q> said he in an
+agitated voice. <q>You know me, I am Lentulus
+Varo.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know you very well by repute, Æmilius,</q>
+answered the Quatuorvir; <q>but I think there is no
+occasion now for your services. This is not a court
+of justice in which your forensic eloquence can be
+heard, neither is this a case to be adjudicated upon,
+and calling for defence. The virgin was chosen by
+lot to be given to the god Nemausus, and was again
+demanded by him speaking at midnight, after she
+had been rescued from his fountain, if I mistake not,
+by you. Your power of interference ceased there.
+Now, she is accused of nothing. She is reconsigned
+to the god, whose she is.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="275"/><anchor id="Pg275"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>I appeal to Cæsar.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>If I were to allow the appeal, would that avail
+thy client? But it is no case in which an appeal
+is justifiable. The god is merciful. He does not
+exact the life of the damsel, he asks only that she
+enter into his service and be a priestess at his shrine,
+that she pour libations before his altar, and strew
+rose leaves on his fountain. Think you that the
+Cæsar will interfere in such a matter? Think you
+that, were it to come before him, he would forbid
+this? But ask thy client if the appeal be according
+to her desire.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Perpetua shook her head.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, she is aware that it would be profitless.
+If thou desirest to serve her, then use thy persuasion
+and induce her to do sacrifice.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir,</q> said Æmilius in great agitation, <q>how can
+she become the votary of a god in whom she does
+not believe?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, as to that,</q> answered the Quatuorvir, <q>it
+is a formality, nothing more; a matter of incense
+and rose leaves. As to <hi rend="italic">belief</hi>,</q> he turned to his
+fellow-magistrate, and said, laughing, <q>listen to this
+man. He talks of belief, as though that were a
+necessary ingredient in worship! Thou, with thy
+<pb n="276"/><anchor id="Pg276"/>plum-colored nose, hast thou full faith in Æsculapius
+to cure thee even of a chilblain?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fuscianus shrugged his shoulders. <q>I hate all
+meddlers with usages that are customary. I hate
+them as I do a bit of grit in my salad. I put them
+away.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The populace became impatient, shouted and
+stamped. Some, provided with empty gourds, in
+which were pebbles, rattled them, and made a
+strange sound as of a hailstorm. Others clacked
+together pieces of pottery. The magistrate turned
+to the pontiff on his right and said: <q>We believe
+with all our hearts in the gods when we do sacrifice!
+Oh, mightily, I trow.</q> Then he laughed again.
+The priest looked grave for a moment, and then he
+laughed also.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come now,</q> said Lucius Petronius to the young
+lawyer, <q>to this I limit thy interference. Stand by
+the girl and induce her to yield. By the Bow-bearer!
+young men do not often fail in winning
+the consent of girls when they use their best blandishments.
+It will be a scene for the stage. You
+have plenty of spectators.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Suffer me also to stand beside her,</q> said the
+slave-woman Blanda, who had not left Perpetua.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="277"/><anchor id="Pg277"/>
+
+<p>
+<q>By all means. And if you two succeed, none
+will be better content than myself. I am not one
+who would wish a fair virgin a worse fate than to
+live and be merry and grow old. Ah me! old age!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again the multitude shouted and rattled pumpkins.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We are detaining the people in the cold,</q> said
+the presiding magistrate; <q>the sports move sluggishly
+as does our blood.</q> Then, aside to Fuscianus,
+<q>My bricks are becoming sensibly chilled. I require
+a fresh supply.</q> Then to the maiden: <q>Hear
+me, Perpetua, daughter of Harpinius Læto that was—we
+and the gods, or the gods and we, are indisposed
+to deal harshly. Throw a few crumbs of
+incense on the altar, and you shall pass at once up
+those steps to the row of seats where sit the white-robed
+priestesses with their crowns. I shall be well
+content.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is a thing I cannot do,</q> said Perpetua
+firmly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then we shall have to make you,</q> said the
+magistrate in hard tones. He was angry, vexed.
+<q>You will prove more compliant when you have
+been extended on the rack. Let her be disrobed
+and tortured.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n="278"/><anchor id="Pg278"/>
+
+<p>
+Then descended into the arena two young men,
+who bowed to the magistrate, solicited leave, and
+drew forth styles or iron pens and tablets covered
+with wax. These were the scribes of the Church
+employed everywhere to take down a record of the
+last interrogatory of a martyr. Such records were
+called the <q>Acts.</q> Of them great numbers have
+been preserved, but unhappily rarely unfalsified.
+The simplicity of the acts, the stiffness of style, the
+<anchor id="corr278"/><corr sic="adsence">absence</corr> of all miraculous incident, did not suit the
+taste of mediæval compilers, and they systematically
+interpolated the earlier acts with harrowing details
+and records of marvels. Nevertheless, a certain
+number of these acts remain uncorrupted, and with
+regard to the rest it is not difficult to separate in
+them that which is fictitious from that which is genuine.
+Such notaries were admitted to the trials and
+executions with as much indifference as would be
+newspaper reporters nowadays.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again, with the sweat of anguish breaking out on
+his brow, Æmilius interposed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I pray your mercy,</q> he said; <q>let the sentence
+be still further modified. Suffer the damsel to be
+relieved of becoming a priestess. Let her become
+my wife, and I swear that I will make over my estate
+<pb n="279"/><anchor id="Pg279"/>of Ad Fines to the temple of the god Nemausus,
+with the villa upon it, and statues and works of
+art.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is an offer to be entertained by the priesthood
+and not by me. Boy—hot bricks! and be
+quick about removing those which have become
+almost cold.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A pause ensued whilst the proposal of Æmilius
+was discussed between the chief priestess of the
+fountain and the Augustal <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamen</foreign> and the other
+pontiffs.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The populace became restless, impatient, noisy.
+They shouted, hooted; called out that they were
+tired of seeing nothing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come,</q> said Petronius, <q>I cannot further delay
+proceedings.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We consent,</q> said the chief pontiff.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That is well.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then Æmilius approached Perpetua, and entreated
+her to give way. To cast a few grains on
+the charcoal meant nothing; it was a mere movement
+of the hand, a hardly conscious muscular act,
+altogether out of comparison with the results. Such
+compliance would give her life, happiness, and
+would place her in a position to do vast good, and
+<pb n="280"/><anchor id="Pg280"/>he assured her that his whole life would be devoted
+to her service.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot,</q> she said, looking Æmilius full in
+the face. <q>Do not think me ungrateful; my heart
+overflows for what you have done for me, but I
+cannot deny my Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again he urged her. Let her consent and he—even
+he would become a Christian.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No,</q> said she, <q>not at that price. You would
+be in heart for ever estranged from the faith.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>To the rack! Lift her on to the little horse.
+Domitius Afer left his bequest to the city in order
+that we should be amused, not befooled,</q> howled
+the spectators.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q><anchor id="corr280"/><corr sic="(quote mark missing)">Executioners</corr>, do your duty,</q> said the magistrate.
+<q>But if she cry out, let her off. She will
+sacrifice. Only to the first hole—mind you. If
+that does not succeed, well, then, we shall try
+sharper means.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now the little horse was set up in the midst
+of the arena, and braziers of glowing charcoal were
+planted beside it; in the fire rested crooks and pincers
+to get red hot.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The <q>little horse</q> was a structure of timber.
+Two planks were set edgeways with a wheel between
+<pb n="281"/><anchor id="Pg281"/>them at each end. The structure stood on four legs,
+two at each extremity, spreading at the base. Halfway
+down, between these legs, at the ends, was a
+roller, furnished with levers that passed through
+them. A rope was attached to the ankles, another
+to the wrists of the person extended on the back of
+the <q>horse,</q> and this rope was strained over the
+pulleys by means of the windlasses. The levers
+could be turned to any extent, so as, if required, to
+wrench arms and legs from their sockets.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now ensued a scene that refuses description.
+<q>We are made a spectacle unto men and angels,</q>
+said the apostle, and none could realize how true
+were the words better than those who lived in times
+of persecution. Before that vast concourse the
+modest Christian maiden was despoiled of her raiment
+and was stretched upon the rack—swung between
+the planks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius felt his head swim and his heart contract.
+What could he do? Again he entreated, but she
+shook her head, yet turned at his voice and smiled.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the executioners threw themselves on the
+levers, and a hush as of death fell on the multitude.
+Twenty thousand spectators looked on, twice that
+number of eyes were riveted on the frail girl
+under<pb n="282"/><anchor id="Pg282"/>going this agony. Bets had been made on her constancy,
+bandied about, taken, and booked. Castor
+stood up, with face turned to heaven, and extended
+arms, praying.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The creaking of the windlass was audible; then
+rang out a sharp cry of pain.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Immediately the cords were relaxed and the victim
+lowered to the ground. Blanda threw a mantle
+over her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She will sacrifice,</q> said Æmilius; <q>take off the
+cords.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The executioners looked to the magistrate. He
+nodded, and they obeyed. The bonds were rapidly
+removed from her hands and feet.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Blanda, sustain her!</q> commanded Æmilius,
+and he on one side, with his arm round the sinking,
+quivering form, and the slave-woman on the other,
+supported Perpetua. Her feet dragged and traced
+a furrow in the sand; they were numbed and powerless
+through the tension of the cords that had been
+knotted about the ankles. Æmilius and Blanda
+drew her towards the altar.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I cannot! I will not sacrifice! I am a Christian.
+I believe in Christ! I love Christ!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Perpetua,</q> said Æmilius in agitated tones,
+<pb n="283"/><anchor id="Pg283"/><q>your happiness and mine depend on compliance.
+For all I have done for you, if you will not for your
+own sake—consent to this. Here! I will hold
+your hand. Nay, it is I who will strew the incense,
+and make it appear as though it were done by you.
+Priest! The shell with the grains.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Spare me! I cannot!</q> gasped the girl, struggling
+in his arms. <q>I cannot be false to my Christ—for
+all that He has done for me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You shall. I must constrain you.</q> He set his
+teeth, knitted his brow. All his muscles were set in
+desperation. He strove to force her hand to the altar.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Shame on thee!</q> sobbed she. <q>Thou art more
+cruel than the torturer, more unjust than the judge.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was so. Æmilius felt that she was right. They
+did but insult and rack a frail body, and he did
+violence to the soul within.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The people hooted and roared, and brandished
+their arms threateningly. <q>We will not be balked!
+We are being treated to child’s play.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Take her back to the rack. Apply the fire,</q>
+ordered the Quatuorvir.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The executioners reclaimed her. She offered no
+resistance. Æmilius staggered to the <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">podium</foreign> and
+grasped the marble top with one hand.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="284"/><anchor id="Pg284"/>
+
+<p>
+She was again suspended on the little horse.
+Again the windlass creaked. The crowd listened,
+held its breath, men looked in each other’s eyes, then
+back to the scene of suffering. Not a sound; not a
+cry; no, not even a sigh. She bore all.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Try fire!</q> ordered the magistrate.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Æmilius had covered his face. He trembled.
+He would have shut his ears as he did his eyes, could
+he have done so. Verily, the agony of his soul was
+as great as the torture of her body. But there was
+naught to be heard—an ominous stillness, only the
+groaning of the windlass, and now and then a word
+from one executioner to his fellow.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At every creak of the wheel a quiver went
+through the frame of Æmilius. He listened with
+anguish of mind for a cry. The populace held its
+breath; it waited. There was none. Into her face
+he dared not look. But the twenty thousand spectators
+stared—and saw naught save lips moving in
+prayer.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now a mighty wonder occurred.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The dense cloud that filled the heavens began
+softly, soundlessly, to discharge its burden. First
+came, scarce noticed, sailing down, a few large white
+flakes like fleeces of wool. Then they came fast,
+<pb n="285"/><anchor id="Pg285"/>faster, ever faster. And now it was as though a
+white bridal veil had been let down out of heaven
+to hide from the eyes of the ravening multitude the
+spectacle of the agony of Christ’s martyr. None
+could see across the arena; soon none could see
+obscurely into it. The snowflakes fell thick and
+dense, they massed as a white cornice on the parapet,
+they dropped on every head, they whitened the
+bloodstained, trampled sand. And all fled before
+the snow. First went a few in twos or threes; then
+whole rows stood up, and through the vomitories the
+multitude poured—freedmen, slaves, knights, ladies,
+<foreign lang="la" rend="italic">flamines</foreign>, magistrates; none could stand against the
+descending snow.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Cast her down!</q> This was the last command
+issued by Petronius as he rose from his seat. The
+executioners were glad to escape. They relaxed the
+ropes, and threw their victim on the already white
+ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Still thick and fast fell the fleeces. Blanda had
+cast a mantle of wool over the prostrate girl, but out
+of heaven descended a pall, whiter than fuller on
+earth can bleach, and buried the woolen cloak and
+the extended quivering limbs. Beside her, in the
+snow, knelt Æmilius. He held her hand in one of
+<pb n="286"/><anchor id="Pg286"/>his. She looked him in the face and smiled. Then
+she said: <q>Give to Blanda her liberty.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He could not speak. He signed that it should
+be so.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then she said: <q>I have prayed for thee—on the
+rack, in the fire—that the light may shine into thy
+heart.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She closed her eyes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Still he held her hand, and with the other gently
+brushed away the snowflakes as they fell on her pure
+face. Oh wondrous face! Face above the dream
+of the highest Greek artist!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thus passed an hour—thus a second.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then suddenly the clouds parted, and the sun
+poured down a flood of glory over the dazzling white
+oval field, in the midst of which lay a heap of whiteness,
+and on a face as of alabaster, inanimate, and
+on a kneeling, weeping man, still with reverent
+finger sweeping away the last snowflakes from eyelash,
+cheek and hair, and who felt as if he could
+thus look, and kneel, and weep for ever.<note place="foot">The incident of the fall of snow occurring at the martyrdom
+of a virgin saint is no picture of the author’s imagination. It
+occurred at the passion of S. Eulalia of Merida, in <hi rend="small">A.D.</hi> 303, and
+is commemorated in the hymn on her by Prudentius.</note>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="24" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n="287"/><anchor id="Pg287"/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXIV. Credo"/><index index="pdf" level1="XXIV. Credo"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXIV<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">CREDO</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Many days had passed. All was calm in Nemausus.
+The games were over.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The day succeeding that we have described was
+warm and spring-like. The sun shone brilliantly.
+Every trace of the snow had disappeared, and the
+water-fight in the amphitheater had surpassed the
+expectations of the people. They had enjoyed themselves
+heartily.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+All had returned to its old order. The wool
+merchant took fresh commands, and sent his travelers
+into the Cebennæ to secure the winter fleeces.
+The woman who had the flower-shop sold garlands
+as fast as she could weave them. The potter spread
+out a fresh collection of his wares and did a good
+business with them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The disturbances that had taken place were no
+more spoken about. The deaths of Marcianus,
+Baudillas and Perpetua hardly occupied any
+thoughts, save only those of their relatives and the
+Christians.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="288"/><anchor id="Pg288"/>
+
+<p>
+The general public had seen a show, and the
+show over, they had other concerns to occupy
+them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Now both Pedo and Blanda were free, and the
+long tarrying was over. They had loved when
+young, they came together in the autumn of their
+lives.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the heart of the Church of Nemausus there
+was not forgetfulness of its heroes.
+</p>
+
+<milestone unit="tb"/>
+
+<p>
+If the visitor at the present day to Nîmes will
+look about him, he will find two churches, both
+recently rebuilt, in place of, and on the site of, very
+ancient places of worship, and the one bears the
+name of St. Baudille. If he inquire of the sacristan,
+<q>Mais qui, donc, était-il, ce saint?</q> then the answer
+given him will be: <q>Baudillas was a native of
+Nîmes, a deacon, and a martyr.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+If he ask further, <q>But when?</q> Then the sacristan
+will probably reply with a shrug: <q>Mais,
+monsieur; qui sait?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In another part of the town is a second church,
+glowing internally with color from its richly painted
+windows, and this bears the name of Ste. Perpetue.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="289"/><anchor id="Pg289"/>
+
+<p>
+Does the visitor desire to be told whether it has
+been erected in honor and in commemoration of the
+celebrated African martyrs Felicitas and Perpetua,
+or of some local virgin saint who shed her blood
+for Christ, then let him again inquire of the sacristan.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+What his answer will be I cannot say.
+</p>
+
+<milestone unit="tb"/>
+
+<p>
+The Bishop Castor remained much in his house.
+He grieved that he had not been called to witness
+to the faith that was in him. But he was a humble
+man, and he said to himself: <q>Such was the will of
+God, and that sufficeth me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One evening he was informed that a man, who
+would not give his name, desired to speak with
+him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He ordered that he should be introduced.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the visitor entered, Castor recognized
+Æmilius, but the man was changed. Lines of
+thought and of sorrow marked his face, that bore
+other impress as well of the travail of his soul within
+him. He seemed older, his face more refined than
+before, there was less of carnal beauty, and something
+spiritual that shone out of his eyes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The bishop warmly welcomed him.
+</p>
+
+<pb n="290"/><anchor id="Pg290"/>
+
+<p>
+Then said Æmilius in a low tone, <q>I am come to
+thee for instruction. I know but little, yet what I
+know of Christ I believe. He is not dead, He liveth;
+He is a power; mighty is faith, and mighty is the
+love that He inspires. <foreign lang="la" rend="italic">Credo.</foreign></q>
+</p>
+        </div></body>
+        <back>
+<div>
+        <pgIf output="pdf">
+        <then/>
+        <else>
+        <div id="footnotes" rend="page-break-before: right">
+        <index index="toc" level1="Footnotes"/>
+        <head>Footnotes</head>
+        <divGen type="footnotes"/>
+        </div>
+        </else>
+        </pgIf>
+        </div>
+<div rend="page-break-before:right; x-class: boxed">
+        <index index="pdf" level1="Transcriber's Note"/><index index="toc" level1="Transcriber’s Note"/>
+        <head>Transcriber’s Note</head>
+
+<p>Variations in hyphenation or spelling have not been changed.</p>
+          <!--<p> In several places, wrong quotation marks have been silently corrected.</p>-->
+        <p>Changes, which have been made to the text:</p>
+
+<list>
+<item><ref target="corr055">page 55</ref>, <q>Nemauscan</q> changed to <q>Nemausean</q></item>
+<item><ref target="corr117">page 117</ref>, <q>alloted</q> changed to <q>allotted</q></item>
+<item><ref target="corr119">page 119</ref>, <q>exisiting</q> changed to <q>existing</q></item>
+<item><ref target="corr125">page 125</ref>, comma removed after <q>Baudillas</q></item>
+<item><ref target="corr278">page 278</ref>, <q>adsence</q> changed to <q>absence</q></item>
+<item><ref target="corr280">page 280</ref>, quote mark added before <q>Executioners</q></item>
+</list>    
+        </div>
+<div rend="page-break-before: right">
+        <divGen type="pgfooter"/>
+        </div>
+        </back>
+    </text>
+</TEI.2>
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213 by
+Sabine Baring-Gould
+
+
+
+This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+http://www.gutenberg.org/license. If you are not located in the United
+States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you are located
+before using this ebook.
+
+
+
+Title: Perpetua. A Tale of Nimes in A.D. 213
+
+Author: Sabine Baring-Gould
+
+Release Date: December 31, 2014 [Ebook #47832]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: US-ASCII
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+
+
+
+
+
+                                PERPETUA
+
+                      A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213
+
+
+                                 BY THE
+                        REV. S. BARING-GOULD, M.A.
+
+
+
+
+NEW YORK
+E. P. DUTTON & COMPANY
+31 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET
+1897
+
+
+
+
+
+                           COPYRIGHT, 1897, BY
+                          E. P. DUTTON & COMPANY
+
+
+
+
+
+                                 CONTENTS
+
+
+CHAPTER                                          PAGE
+     I.   EST                                       1
+    II.   AEMILIUS                                  14
+   III.   BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON                    22
+    IV.   THE UTRICULARES                          33
+     V.   THE LAGOONS                              45
+    VI.   THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE                    57
+   VII.   OBLATIONS                                68
+  VIII.   THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT                    81
+    IX.   STARS IN WATER                           93
+     X.   LOCUTUS EST!                            105
+    XI.   PALANQUINS                              117
+   XII.   REUS                                    128
+  XIII.   AD FINES                                140
+   XIV.   TO THE LOWEST DEPTH                     152
+    XV.   "REVEALED UNTO BABES"                   165
+   XVI.   DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES                 177
+  XVII.   PEDO                                    189
+ XVIII.   IN THE CITRON-HOUSE                     204
+   XIX.   MARCIANUS                               218
+    XX.   IN THE BASILICA                         230
+   XXI.   A MANUMISSION                           242
+  XXII.   THE ARENA                               256
+ XXIII.   THE CLOUD-BREAK                         270
+  XXIV.   CREDO                                   287
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                                 PERPETUA
+
+                       A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER I
+
+                                   EST
+
+
+The Kalends (first) of March.
+
+A brilliant day in the town of Nemausus--the modern Nimes--in the Province
+of Gallia Narbonensis, that arrogated to itself the title of being _the_
+province, a title that has continued in use to the present day, as
+distinguishing the olive-growing, rose-producing, ruin-strewn portion of
+Southern France, whose fringe is kissed by the blue Mediterranean.
+
+Not a cloud in the nemophyla-blue sky. The sun streamed down, with a heat
+that was unabsorbed, and with rays unshorn by any intervenient vapor, as
+in our northern clime. Yet a cool air from the distant snowy Alps touched,
+as with the kiss of a vestal, every heated brow, and refreshed it.
+
+The Alps, though invisible from Nemausus, make themselves felt, now in
+refreshing breezes, then as raging icy blasts.
+
+The anemones were in bloom, and the roses were budding. Tulips spangled
+the vineyards, and under the olives and in the most arid soil, there
+appeared the grape hyacinth and the star of Bethlehem.
+
+At the back of the white city stands a rock, the extreme limit of a spur
+of the Cebennae, forming an amphitheatre, the stones scrambled over by blue
+and white periwinkle, and the crags heavy with syringa and flowering
+thorns.
+
+In the midst of this circus of rock welled up a river of transparent
+bottle-green water, that filled a reservoir, in which circled white swans.
+
+On account of the incessant agitation of the water, that rose in bells,
+and broke in rhythmic waves against the containing breastwork, neither
+were the swans mirrored in the surface, nor did the white temple of
+Nemausus reflect its peristyle of channeled pillars in the green flood.
+
+This temple occupied one side of the basin; on the other, a little
+removed, were the baths, named after Augustus, to which some of the water
+was conducted, after it had passed beyond the precinct within which it was
+regarded as sacred.
+
+It would be hard to find a more beautiful scene, or see such a gay
+gathering as that assembled near the Holy Fountain on this first day of
+March.
+
+Hardly less white than the swans that dreamily swam in spirals, was the
+balustrade of limestone that surrounded the sheet of heaving water. At
+intervals on this breasting stood pedestals, each supporting a statue in
+Carrara marble. Here was Diana in buskins, holding a bow in her hand, in
+the attitude of running, her right hand turned to draw an arrow from the
+quiver at her back. There was the Gallic god Camulus, in harness, holding
+up a six-rayed wheel, all gilt, to signify the sun. There was a nymph
+pouring water from her urn; again appeared Diana contemplating her
+favorite flower, the white poppy.
+
+But in the place of honor, in the midst of the public walk before the
+fountain, surrounded by acacias and pink-blossomed Judas trees, stood the
+god Nemausus, who was at once the presiding deity over the fountain, and
+the reputed founder of the city. He was represented as a youth, of
+graceful form, almost feminine, and though he bore some military insignia,
+yet seemed too girl-like and timid to appear in war.
+
+The fountain had, in very truth, created the city. This marvelous upheaval
+of a limpid river out of the heart of the earth had early attracted
+settlers to it, who had built their rude cabins beside the stream and who
+paid to the fountain divine honors. Around it they set up a circle of rude
+stones, and called the place _Nemet_--that is to say, the Sacred Place.
+After a while came Greek settlers, and they introduced a new civilization
+and new ideas. They at once erected an image of the deity of the fountain,
+and called this deity Nemausios. The spring had been female to the Gaulish
+occupants of the settlement; it now became male, but in its aspect the
+deity still bore indications of feminine origin. Lastly the place became a
+Roman town. Now beautiful statuary had taken the place of the monoliths of
+unhewn stone that had at one time bounded the sacred spring.
+
+On this first day of March the inhabitants of Nemausus were congregated
+near the fountain, all in holiday costume.
+
+Among them ran and laughed numerous young girls, all with wreaths of white
+hyacinths or of narcissus on their heads, and their clear musical voices
+rang as bells in the fresh air.
+
+Yet, jocund as the scene was, to such as looked closer there was
+observable an under-current of alarm that found expression in the faces of
+the elder men and women of the throng, at least in those of such persons
+as had their daughters flower-crowned.
+
+Many a parent held the child with convulsive clasp, and the eyes of
+fathers and mothers alike followed their darlings with a greed, as though
+desirous of not losing one glimpse, not missing one word, of the little
+creature on whom so many kisses were bestowed, and in whom so much love
+was centered.
+
+For this day was specially dedicated to the founder and patron of the
+town, who supplied it with water from his unfailing urn, and once in every
+seven years on this day a human victim was offered in sacrifice to the god
+Nemausus, to ensure the continuance of his favor, by a constant efflux of
+water, pure, cool and salubrious.
+
+The victim was chosen from among the daughters of the old Gaulish families
+of the town, and the victim was selected from among girls between the ages
+of seven and seventeen. Seven times seven were bound to appear on this day
+before the sacred spring, clothed in white and crowned with spring
+flowers. None knew which would be chosen and which rejected. The selection
+was not made by either the priests or the priestesses attached to the
+temple. Nor was it made by the magistrates of Nemausus. No parent might
+redeem his child. Chance or destiny alone determined who was to be chosen
+out of the forty-nine who appeared before the god.
+
+Suddenly from the temple sounded a blast of horns, and immediately the
+peristyle (colonnade) filled with priests and priestesses in white, the
+former with wreaths of silvered olive leaves around their heads, the
+latter crowned with oak leaves of gold foil.
+
+The trumpeters descended the steps. The crowd fell back, and a procession
+advanced. First came players on the double flute, or syrinx, with red
+bands round their hair. Then followed dancing girls performing graceful
+movements about the silver image of the god that was borne on the
+shoulders of four maidens covered with spangled veils of the finest
+oriental texture. On both sides paced priests with brazen trumpets.
+
+Before and behind the image were boys bearing censers that diffused
+aromatic smoke, which rose and spread in all directions, wafted by the
+soft air that spun above the cold waters of the fountain.
+
+Behind the image and the dancing girls marched the priests and
+priestesses, singing alternately a hymn to the god.
+
+  "Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,
+  Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+  Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Hail, thou Archegos, founder of the city,
+  Crowned with oak leaves, cherishing the olive,
+  Grapes with thy water annually flushing,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Thou to the thirsty givest cool refreshment,
+  Thou to the herdsman yieldeth yearly increase,
+  Thou from the harvest wardest off diseases,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Seven are the hills on which old Rome is founded,
+  Seven are the hills engirdling thy fountain,
+  Seven are the planets set in heaven ruling,
+            Father Nemausus.
+
+  Thou, the perennial, lovest tender virgins,
+  Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+  May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus."
+
+Then the priests and priestesses drew up in lines between the people and
+the fountain, and the aedile of the city, standing forth, read out from a
+roll the names of seven times seven maidens; and as each name was called,
+a white-robed, flower-crowned child fluttered from among the crowd and was
+received by the priestly band.
+
+When all forty-nine were gathered together, then they were formed into a
+ring, holding hands, and round this ring passed the bearers of the silver
+image.
+
+Now again rose the hymn:
+
+  "Hail, holy fountain, limpid and eternal,
+  Green as the sapphire, infinite, abundant,
+  Sweet, unpolluted, cold and clear as crystal,
+            Father Nemausus."
+
+And as the bearers carried the image round the circle, suddenly a golden
+apple held by the god, fell and touched a graceful girl who stood in the
+ring.
+
+"Come forth, Lucilla," said the chief priestess. "It is the will of the
+god that thou speak the words. Begin."
+
+Then the damsel loosed her hands from those she held, stepped into the
+midst of the circle and raised the golden pippin. At once the entire ring
+of children began to revolve, like a dance of white butterflies in early
+spring; and as they swung from right to left, the girl began to recite at
+a rapid pace a jingle of words in a Gallic dialect, that ran thus:
+
+      "One and two
+      Drops of dew,
+      Three and four
+      Shut the door."
+
+As she spoke she indicated a child at each numeral,
+
+      "Five and six
+      Pick up sticks,
+      Seven and eight
+      Thou must wait."
+
+Now there passed a thrill through the crowd, and the children whirled
+quicker.
+
+      "Nine and ten
+      Pass again.
+  Golden pippin, lo! I cast,
+  Thou, Alcmene, touched at last."
+
+At the word "last" she threw the apple and struck a girl, and at once left
+the ring, cast her coronet of narcissus into the fountain and ran into the
+crowd. With a gasp of relief she was caught in the arms of her mother, who
+held her to her heart, and sobbed with joy that her child was spared. For
+her, the risk was past, as she would be over age when the next septennial
+sacrifice came round.
+
+Now it was the turn of Alcmene.
+
+She held the ball, paused a moment, looking about her, and then, as the
+troop of children revolved, she rattled the rhyme, and threw the pippin at
+a damsel named Tertiola. Whereupon she in turn cast her garland, that was
+of white violets, into the fountain, and withdrew.
+
+Again the wreath of children circled and Tertiola repeated the jingle till
+she came to "Touched at last," when a girl named AElia was selected, and
+came into the middle. This was a child of seven, who was shy and clung to
+her mother. The mother fondled her, and said, "My AElia! Rejoice that thou
+art not the fated victim. The god has surrendered thee to me. Be speedy
+with the verse, and I will give thee _crustulae_ that are in my basket."
+
+So encouraged, the frightened child rattled out some lines, then halted;
+her memory had failed, and she had to be reminded of the rest. At last she
+also was free, ran to her mother's bosom and was comforted with cakes.
+
+A young man with folded arms stood lounging near the great basin. He
+occasionally addressed a shorter man, a client apparently, from his
+cringing manner and the set smile he wore when addressing or addressed by
+the other.
+
+"By Hercules!" said the first. "Or let me rather swear by Venus and her
+wayward son, the Bow-bearer, that is a handsome girl yonder, she who is
+the tallest, and methinks the eldest of all. What is her name, my
+Callipodius?"
+
+"She that looks so scared, O supremity of excellent youths, AEmilius
+Lentulus Varo! I believe that she is the daughter and only child of the
+widow Quincta, who lost her husband two years ago, and has refused
+marriage since. They whisper strange things concerning her."
+
+"What things, thou tittle-tattle bearer?"
+
+"Nay, I bear but what is desired of me. Didst thou not inquire of me who
+the maiden was? I have a mind to make no answer. But who can deny anything
+to thee?"
+
+"By the genius of Augustus," exclaimed the patron, "thou makest me turn
+away my head at thy unctuous flattery. The peasants do all their cooking
+in oil, and when their meals be set on the table the appetite is taken
+away, there is too much oil. It is so with thy conversation. Come, thy
+news."
+
+"I speak but what I feel. But see how the circle is shrunk. As to the
+scandal thou wouldst hear, it is this. The report goes that the widow and
+her daughter are infected with a foreign superstition, and worship an
+ass's head."
+
+"An ass's head hast thou to hold and repeat such lies. Look at the virgin.
+Didst ever see one more modest, one who more bears the stamp of sound
+reason and of virtue on her brow. The next thou wilt say is----"
+
+"That these Christians devour young children."
+
+"This is slander, not scandal. By Jupiter Camulus! the circle is reduced
+to four, and she, that fair maid, is still in it. There is Quinctilla, the
+daughter of Largus; look at him, how he eyes her with agony in his face!
+There is Vestilia Patercola. I would to the gods that the fair--what is her
+name?"
+
+"Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Har----"
+
+"Ah!" interrupted the patron, uneasily. "Quinctilla is out."
+
+"Her father, Aulus Harpinius----"
+
+"See, see!" again burst in the youth AEmilius, "there are but two left;
+that little brown girl, and she whom thou namest----"
+
+"Perpetua."
+
+Now arrived the supreme moment--that of the final selection. The choosing
+girl, in whose hand was the apple, stood before those who alone remained.
+She began:
+
+      "One, two
+      Drops of dew."
+
+Although there was so vast a concourse present, not a sound could be
+heard, save the voice of the girl repeating the jingle, and the rush of
+the holy water over the weir. Every breath was held.
+
+      "Nine and ten,
+      Pass again.
+  Golden pippin, now I cast,
+  Thou, Portumna, touched at last."
+
+At once the brown girl skipped to the basin, cast in her garland, and the
+high priestess, raising her hand, stepped forward, pointed to Perpetua,
+and cried, "Est."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER II
+
+                                 AEMILIUS
+
+
+When the lot had fallen, then a cry rang from among the spectators, and a
+woman, wearing the white cloak of widowhood, would have fallen, had she
+not been caught and sustained by a man in a brown tunic and _lacerna_
+(short cloak).
+
+"Be not overcome, lady," said this man in a low tone. "What thou losest is
+lent to the Lord."
+
+"Baudillas," sobbed the woman, "she is my only child, and is to be
+sacrificed to devils."
+
+"The devil hath no part in her. She is the Lord's, and the Lord will
+preserve His own."
+
+"Will He give her back to me? Will He deliver her from the hands of His
+enemies?"
+
+"The Lord is mighty even to do this. But I say not that it will be done as
+thou desirest. Put thy trust in Him. Did Abraham withhold his son, his
+only son, when God demanded him?"
+
+"But this is not God, it is Nemausus."
+
+"Nemausus is naught but a creature, a fountain, fed by God's rains. It is
+the Lord's doing that the lot has fallen thus. It is done to try thy
+faith, as of old the faith of Abraham was tried."
+
+The poor mother clasped her arms, and buried her head in them.
+
+Then the girl thrust aside such as interposed and essayed to reach her
+mother. The priestesses laid hands on her, to stay her, but she said:
+
+"Suffer me to kiss my mother, and to comfort her. Do not doubt that I will
+preserve a smiling countenance."
+
+"I cannot permit it," said the high priestess. "There will be resistance
+and tears."
+
+"And therefore," said the girl, "you put drops of oil or water into the
+ears of oxen brought to the altars, that they may nod their heads, and so
+seem to express consent. Let me console my mother, so shall I be able to
+go gladly to death. Otherwise I may weep, and thereby mar thy sacrifice."
+
+Then, with firmness, she thrust through the belt of priestesses, and
+clasped the almost fainting and despairing mother to her heart.
+
+"Be of good courage," she said. "Be like unto Felicitas, who sent her
+sons, one by one, to receive the crown, and who--blessed mother that she
+was--encouraged them in their torments to play the man for Christ."
+
+"But thou art my only child."
+
+"And she offered them all to God."
+
+"I am a widow, and alone."
+
+"And such was she."
+
+Then said the brown-habited man whom the lady had called Baudillas:
+
+"Quincta, remember that she is taken from an evil world, in which are
+snares, and that God may have chosen to deliver her by this means from
+some great peril to her soul, against which thou wouldst have been
+powerless to protect her."
+
+"I cannot bear it," gasped the heart-broken woman. "I have lived only for
+her. She is my all."
+
+Then Perpetua gently unclasped the arms of her mother, who was lapsing
+into unconsciousness, kissed her, and said:
+
+"The God of all strength and comfort be to thee a strong tower of
+defence." And hastily returned to the basin.
+
+The young man who before had noticed Perpetua, turned with quivering lip
+to his companion, and said:
+
+"I would forswear Nemausus--that he should exact such a price. Look at her
+face, Callipodius. Is it the sun that lightens it? By Hercules, I could
+swear that it streamed with effulgence from within--as though she were one
+of the gods."
+
+"The more beautiful and innocent she be, the more grateful is she to the
+august Archegos!"
+
+"Pshaw!" scoffed the young man; his hand clutched the marble balustrade
+convulsively, and the blood suffused his brow and cheeks and throat. "I
+believe naught concerning these deities. My father was a shrewd man, and
+he ever said that the ignorant people created their own gods out of
+heroes, or the things of Nature, which they understood not, being beasts."
+
+"But tell me, AEmilius--and thou art a profundity of wisdom, unsounded as is
+this spring--what is this Nemausus?"
+
+"The fountain."
+
+"And how comes the fountain to ever heave with water, and never to fail.
+Verily it lives. See--it is as a thing that hath life and movement. If not
+a deity, then what is it?"
+
+"Nay--I cannot say. But it is subject to destiny."
+
+"In what way?"
+
+"Ruled to flow."
+
+"But who imposed the rule?"
+
+"Silence! I can think of naught save the innocent virgin thus sacrificed
+to besotted ignorance."
+
+"Thou canst not prevent it. Therefore look on, as at a show."
+
+"I cannot prevent it. I marvel at the magistrates--that they endure it.
+They would not do so were it to touch at all those of the upper town.
+Besides, did not the god Claudius----"
+
+"They are binding her."
+
+"She refuses to be bound."
+
+Shrieks now rang from the frantic mother, and she made desperate efforts
+to reach her daughter. She was deaf to the consolations of Baudillas, and
+to the remonstrances and entreaties of the people around her, who pitied
+and yet could not help her. Then said the aedile to his police, "Remove the
+woman!"
+
+The chief priest made a sign, and at once the trumpeters began to bray
+through their brazen tubes, making such a noise as to drown the cries of
+the mother.
+
+"I would to the gods I could save her," said AEmilius between his teeth. He
+clenched his hands, and his eyes flashed. Then, without well knowing what
+he did, he unloosed his toga, at the same time that the priestesses
+divested Perpetua of her girded stole, and revealed her graceful young
+form in the tunic bordered with purple indicative of the nobility of the
+house to which she belonged.
+
+The priest had bound her hands; but Perpetua smiled, and shook off the
+bonds at her feet. "Let be," she said, "I shall not resist."
+
+On her head she still wore a crown of white narcissus. Not more fresh and
+pure were these flowers than her delicate face, which the blood had left.
+Ever and anon she turned her eyes in the direction of her mother, but she
+could no longer see her, as the attendants formed a ring so compact that
+none could break through.
+
+"Elect of the god, bride of Nemausus!" said the chief priestess, "ascend
+the balustrade of the holy perennial fountain."
+
+Without shrinking, the girl obeyed.
+
+She fixed her eyes steadily on the sky, and then made the sacred sign on
+her brow.
+
+"What doest thou?" asked the priestess. "Some witchcraft I trow."
+
+"No witchcraft, indeed," answered the girl. "I do but invoke the Father of
+Lights with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning."
+
+"Ah, Apollo!--he is not so great a god as our Nemausus."
+
+Then at a sign, the trumpeters blew a furious bellow and as suddenly
+ceased. Whereupon to the strains of flutes and the tinkling of triangles,
+the choir broke forth into the last verse of the hymn:
+
+  "Thou, the perennial, loving tender virgins,
+  Do thou accept the sacrifice we offer;
+  May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus."
+
+As they chanted, and a cloud of incense mounted around her, Perpetua
+looked down into the water. It was green as glacier ice, and so full of
+bubbles in places as to be there semi-opaque. The depth seemed infinite.
+No bottom was visible. No fish darted through it. An immense volume boiled
+up unceasingly from unknown, unfathomed depths. The wavelets lapped the
+marble breasting as though licking it with greed expecting their victim.
+
+The water, after brimming the basin, flowed away over a sluice under a
+bridge as a considerable stream. Then it lost its sanctity and was
+employed for profane uses.
+
+Perpetua heard the song of the ministers of the god, but gave no heed to
+it, for her lips moved in prayer, and her soul was already unfurling its
+pure wings to soar into that Presence before which, as she surely
+expected, she was about to appear.
+
+When the chorus had reached the line:
+
+  "May thy selection be the best and fittest,
+            Father Nemausus!"
+
+then she was thrust by three priestesses from the balustrade and
+precipitated into the basin. She uttered no cry, but from all present a
+gasp of breath was audible.
+
+For a moment she disappeared in the vitreous waters, and her white garland
+alone remained floating on the surface.
+
+Then her dress glimmered, next her arm, as the surging spring threw her
+up.
+
+Suddenly from the entire concourse rose a cry of astonishment and dismay.
+
+The young man, AEmilius Lentulus Varo, had leaped into the holy basin.
+
+Why had he so leaped? Why?
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER III
+
+                          BAUDILLAS, THE DEACON
+
+
+The chain of priests and priestesses could not restrain the mob, that
+thrust forward to the great basin, to see the result.
+
+Exclamations of every description rose from the throng.
+
+"He fell in!"
+
+"Nay, he cast himself in. The god will withdraw the holy waters. It was
+impious. The fountain is polluted."
+
+"Was it not defiled when a dead tom-cat was found in it? Yet the fountain
+ceased not to flow."
+
+"The maiden floats!"
+
+"Why should the god pick out the handsomest girl? His blood is ice-cold.
+She is not a morsel for him," scoffed a red-faced senator.
+
+"He rises! He is swimming."
+
+"He has grappled the damsel."
+
+"He is striking out! Bene! Bene!"
+
+"Encourage not the sacrilegious one! Thou makest thyself partaker in his
+impiety!"
+
+"What will the magistrates do?"
+
+"Do! Coil up like wood-lice, and uncurl only when all is forgotten."
+
+"He is a Christian."
+
+"His father was a philosopher. He swears by the gods."
+
+"He is an atheist."
+
+"See! See! He is sustaining her head."
+
+"She is not dead; she gasps."
+
+"Body of Bacchus! how the water boils. The god is wroth."
+
+"Bah! It boils no more now than it did yesterday."
+
+In the ice-green water could be seen the young man with nervous arms
+striking out. He held up the girl with one arm. The swell of the rising
+volumes of water greatly facilitated his efforts. Indeed the upsurging
+flood had such force, that to die by drowning in it was a death by inches,
+for as often as a body went beneath the surface, it was again propelled
+upwards.
+
+In a minute he was at the breastwork, had one hand on it, then called:
+"Help, some one, to lift her out!"
+
+Thereupon the man clothed in brown wool put down his arms, clasped the
+half-conscious girl and raised her from the water. Callipodius assisted,
+and between them she was lifted out of the basin. The priests and
+priestesses remonstrated with loud cries. But some of the spectators
+cheered. A considerable portion of the men ranged themselves beside the
+two who had the girl in their arms, and prevented the ministers of
+Nemausus from recovering Perpetua from the hands of her rescuers.
+
+The men of the upper town--Greek colonists, or their descendants--looked
+superciliously and incredulously on the cult of the Gallic deity of the
+fountain. It was tolerated, but laughed at, as something that belonged to
+a class of citizens that was below them in standing.
+
+In another moment AEmilius Lentulus had thrown himself upon the balustrade,
+and stood facing the crowd, dripping from every limb, but with a laughing
+countenance.
+
+Seeing that the mob was swayed by differing currents of feeling and
+opinion, knowing the people with whom he had to do, he stooped, whispered
+something into the ear of Callipodius; then, folding his arms, he looked
+smilingly around at the tossing crowd, and no sooner did he see his
+opportunity than, unclasping his arms, he assumed the attitude of an
+orator, and cried:
+
+"Men and brethren of the good city of Nemausus! I marvel at ye, that ye
+dare to set at naught the laws of imperial and eternal Rome. Are ye not
+aware that the god Claudius issued an edict with special application to
+Gaul, that forever forbade human sacrifices? Has that edict been
+withdrawn? I have myself seen and read it graven in brass on the steps of
+the Capitoline Hill at Rome. So long as that law stands unrepealed ye are
+transgressors."
+
+"The edict has fallen into desuetude, and desuetude abrogates a law!"
+called one man.
+
+"Is it so? How many have suffered under Nero, under Caius, because they
+transgressed laws long forgotten? Let some one inform against the
+priesthood of Nemausus and carry the case to Rome."
+
+A stillness fell on the assembly. The priests looked at one another.
+
+"But see!" continued AEmilius, "I call you to witness this day. The god
+himself rejects such illegal offerings. Did you not perceive how he
+spurned the virgin from him when ye did impiously cast her into his holy
+urn? Does he not sustain life with his waters, and not destroy it? Had he
+desired the sacrifice then would he have gulped it down, and you would
+have seen the maiden no more. Not so! He rejected her; with his watery
+arms he repelled her. Every crystal wave he cast up was a rejection. I saw
+it, and I leaped in to deliver the god from the mortal flesh that he
+refused. I appeal to you all again. To whom did the silver image cast the
+apple? Was it to the maiden destined to die? Nay, verily, it was to her
+who was to live. The golden pippin was a fruit of life, whereby he
+designated such as he willed to live. Therefore, I say that the god loveth
+life and not death. Friends and citizens of Nemausus, ye have transgressed
+the law, and ye have violated the will of the divine Archegos who founded
+our city and by whose largess of water we live."
+
+Then one in the crowd shouted: "There is a virgin cast yearly from the
+bridge over the Rhodanus at Avenio."
+
+"Aye! and much doth that advantage the bridge and the city. Did not the
+floods last November carry away an arch and inundate an entire quarter of
+the town? Was the divine river forgetful that he had received his
+obligation, or was he ungrateful for the favor? Naught that is godlike can
+be either."
+
+"He demanded another life."
+
+"Nay! He was indignant that the fools of Avenio should continue to treat
+him as though he were a wild beast that had to be glutted, and not as a
+god. All you parents that fear for your children! Some of you have already
+lost your daughters, and have trembled for them; combine, and with one
+voice proclaim that you will no more suffer this. Look to the urn of the
+divine Nemausus. See how evenly the ripples run. Dip your fingers in the
+water and feel how passionless it is. Has he blown forth a blast of
+seething water and steam like the hot springs of Aquae Sextiae? Has his
+fountain clouded with anger? Was the god powerless to avenge the act when
+I plunged in? If he had desired the death of the maiden would he have
+suffered me, a mortal, to pluck her from his gelid lips? Make room on
+Olympus, O ye gods, and prepare a throne for Common Sense, and let her
+have domain over the minds of men."
+
+"There is no such god," called one in the crowd.
+
+"Ye know her not, so besotted are ye."
+
+"He blasphemes, he mocks the holy and immortal ones."
+
+"It is ye who mock them when ye make of them as great clowns as
+yourselves. The true eternal gods laugh to hear me speak the truth. Look
+at the sun. Look at the water, with its many twinkling smiles. The gods
+approve."
+
+Whilst the young man thus harangued and amused the populace, Baudillas and
+Quincta, assisted by two female slaves of the latter, removed the
+drenched, dripping, and half-drowned girl. They bore her with the utmost
+dispatch out of the crowd down a sidewalk of the city gardens to a bench,
+on which they laid her, till she had sufficiently recovered to open her
+eyes and recognize those who surrounded her.
+
+Then said the widow to one of the servants: "Run, Petronella, and bid the
+steward send porters with a litter. We must convey Perpetua as speedily as
+possible from hence, lest there be a riot, and the ministers of the devil
+stir up the people to insist upon again casting her into the water."
+
+"By your leave, lady," said Baudillas, "I would advise that, at first, she
+should not be conveyed to your house, but to mine. It is probable, should
+that happen which you fear, that the populace may make a rush to your
+dwelling, in their attempt to get hold of the lady, your daughter. It were
+well that she remained for a while concealed in my house. Send for the
+porters to bring the litter later, when falls the night."
+
+"You are right," said Quincta. "It shall be so."
+
+"As in the Acts of the Blessed Apostles it is related that the craftsmen
+who lived by making silver shrines for Diana stirred up the people of
+Ephesus, so may it be now. There are many who get their living by the old
+religion, many whose position and influence depend on its maintenance, and
+such will not lightly allow a slight to be cast on their superstitions
+like as has been offered this day. But by evenfall we shall know the humor
+of the people. Young lady, lean on my arm and let me conduct thee to my
+lodging. Thou canst there abide till it is safe for thee to depart."
+
+Then the brown-habited man took the maiden's arm.
+
+Baudillas was a deacon of the Church in Nemausus--a man somewhat advanced
+in life. His humility, and, perhaps, also his lack of scholarship,
+prevented his aspiring to a higher office; moreover, he was an admirable
+minister of the Church as deacon, at a period when the office was mainly
+one of keeping the registers of the sick and poor, and of distributing
+alms among such as were in need.
+
+The deacon was the treasurer of the Church, and he was a man selected for
+his business habits and practical turn of mind. By his office he was more
+concerned with the material than the spiritual distresses of men.
+Nevertheless, he was of the utmost value to the bishops and presbyters,
+for he was their feeler, groping among the poorest, entering into the
+worst haunts of misery and vice, quick to detect tokens of desire for
+better things, and ready to make use of every opening for giving
+rudimentary instruction.
+
+Those who occupied the higher grades in the Church, even at this early
+period, were, for the most part, selected from the cultured and noble
+classes; not that the Church had respect of persons, but because of the
+need there was of possessing men who could penetrate into the best houses,
+and who, being related to the governing classes, might influence the upper
+strata of society, as well as that which was below. The great houses with
+their families of slaves in the city, and of servile laborers on their
+estates, possessed vast influence for good or evil. A believing master
+could flood a whole population that depended on him with light, and was
+certain to treat his slaves with Christian humanity. On the other hand, it
+occasionally happened that it was through a poor slave that the truth
+reached the heart of a master or mistress.
+
+Baudillas led the girl, now shivering with cold, from the garden, and
+speedily reached a narrow street. Here the houses on each side were lofty,
+unadorned, and had windows only in the upper stories, arched with brick
+and unglazed. In cold weather they were closed with shutters.
+
+The pavement of the street was of cobble-stones and rough. No one was
+visible; no sound issued from the houses, save only from one whence came
+the rattle of a loom; and a dog chained at a door barked furiously as the
+little party went by.
+
+"This is the house," said Baudillas, and he struck against a door.
+
+After some waiting a bar was withdrawn within, and the door, that
+consisted of two valves, was opened by an old, slightly lame slave.
+
+"Pedo," said the deacon, "has all been well?"
+
+"All is well, master," answered the man.
+
+"Enter, ladies," said Baudillas. "My house is humble and out of repair,
+but it was once notable. Enter and rest you awhile. I will bid Pedo search
+for a change of garments for Perpetua."
+
+"Hark," exclaimed Quincta, "I hear a sound like the roar of the sea."
+
+"It is the voice of the people. It is a roar like that for blood, that
+goes up from the amphitheater."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER IV
+
+                             THE UTRICULARES
+
+
+The singular transformation that had taken place in the presiding deity of
+the fountain, from being a nymph into a male god, had not been
+sufficiently complete to alter the worship of the deity. As in the days of
+Druidism, the sacred source was under the charge of priestesses, and
+although, with the change of sex of the deity, priests had been appointed
+to the temple, yet they were few, and occupied a position of subordination
+to the chief priestess. She was a woman of sagacity and knowledge of human
+nature. She perceived immediately how critical was the situation. If
+AEmilius Lentulus were allowed to proceed with his speech he would draw to
+him the excitable Southern minds, and it was quite possible might provoke
+a tumult in which the temple would be wrecked. At the least, his words
+would serve to chill popular devotion.
+
+The period when Christianity began to radiate through the Roman world was
+one when the traditional paganism with its associated rights, that had
+contented a simpler age, had lost its hold on the thoughtful and cultured.
+Those who were esteemed the leaders of society mocked at religion, and
+although they conformed to its ceremonial, did so with ill-disguised
+contempt. At their tables, before their slaves, they laughed at the sacred
+myths related of the gods, as absurd and indecent, and the slaves thought
+it became them to affect the same incredulity as their masters. Sober
+thinkers endeavored to save some form of religion by explaining away the
+monstrous legends, and attributing them to the wayward imagination of
+poets. The existence of the gods they admitted, but argued that the gods
+were the unintelligent and blind forces of nature; or that, if rational,
+they stood apart in cold exclusiveness and cared naught for mankind. Many
+threw themselves into a position of agnosticism. They professed to believe
+in nothing but what their senses assured them did exist, and asserted that
+as there was no evidence to warrant them in declaring that there were
+gods, they could not believe in them; that moreover, as there was no
+revelation of a moral law, there existed no distinction between right and
+wrong. Therefore, the only workable maxim on which to rule life was: "Let
+us eat and drink, for to-morrow we may die."
+
+Over all men hung the threatening cloud of death. All must undergo the
+waning of the vital powers, the failure of health, the withering of
+beauty, the loss of appetite for the pleasure of life, or if not the loss
+of appetite, at least the faculty for enjoyment.
+
+There was no shaking off the oppressive burden, no escape from the
+gathering shadow. Yet, just as those on the edge of a precipice throw
+themselves over, through giddiness, so did men rush on self-destruction in
+startling numbers and with levity, because weary of life, and these were
+precisely such as had enjoyed wealth to the full and had run through the
+whole gamut of pleasures.
+
+What happened after death? Was there any continuance of existence?
+
+Men craved to know. They felt that life was too brief altogether for the
+satisfaction of the aspirations of their souls. They ran from one pleasure
+to another without filling the void within.
+
+Consequently, having lost faith in the traditional religion--it was not a
+creed--itself a composite out of some Latin, some Etruscan, and some Greek
+myth and cult, they looked elsewhere for what they required. Consciences,
+agonized by remorse, sought expiation in secret mysteries, only to find
+that they afforded no relief at all. Minds craving after faith plunged
+into philosophic speculations that led to nothing but unsolved eternal
+query. Souls hungering, thirsting after God the Ideal of all that is Holy
+and pure and lovable, adopted the strange religions imported from the East
+and South; some became votaries of the Egyptian Isis and Serapis, others
+of the Persian Mithras--all to find that they had pursued bubbles.
+
+In the midst of this general disturbance of old ideas, in the midst of a
+widespread despair, Christianity flashed forth and offered what was
+desired by the earnest, the thoughtful, the down-trodden and the
+conscience-stricken--a revelation made by the Father of Spirits as to what
+is the destiny of man, what is the law of right and wrong, what is in
+store for those who obey the law; how also pardon might be obtained for
+transgression, and grace to restore fallen humanity.
+
+Christianity meeting a wide-felt want spread rapidly, not only among the
+poor and oppressed, but extensively among the cultured and the noble. All
+connected by interest, or prejudiced by association with the dominant and
+established paganism, were uneasy and alarmed. The traditional religion
+was honeycombed and tottering to its fall, and how it was to be revived
+they knew not. That it would be supplanted by the new faith in Christ was
+what they feared.
+
+The chief priestess of Nemausus knew that in the then condition of minds
+an act of overt defiance might lead to a very general apostasy. It was to
+her of sovereign importance to arrest the movement at once, to silence
+AEmilius, to have him punished for his act of sacrilege, and to recover
+possession of Perpetua.
+
+She snatched the golden apple from the hand of the image, and, giving it
+to an attendant, said: "Run everywhere; touch and summon the Cultores
+Nemausi."
+
+The girl did as commanded. She sped among the crowd, and, with the pippin,
+touched one, then another, calling: "Worshippers of Nemausus, to the aid
+of the god!"
+
+The result was manifest at once. It was as though an electrical shock had
+passed through the multitude. Those touched and those who had heard the
+summons at once disengaged themselves from the crush, drew together, and
+ceased to express their individual opinions. Indeed, such as had
+previously applauded the sentiments of AEmilius, now assumed an attitude of
+disapprobation.
+
+Rapidly men rallied about the white-robed priestesses, who surrounded the
+silver image.
+
+To understand what was taking place it is necessary that a few words
+should be given in explanation.
+
+The Roman population of the towns--not in Italy only, but in all the
+Romanized provinces, banded itself in colleges or societies very much like
+our benefit clubs. Those guilds were very generally under the invocation
+of some god or goddess, and those who belonged to them were entitled
+"Cultores" or worshippers of such or such a deity. These clubs had their
+secretaries and treasurers, their places of meeting, their common chests,
+their feasts, and their several constitutions. Each society made provision
+for its members in time of sickness, and furnished a dignified funeral in
+the club Columbarium, after which all sat down to a funeral banquet in the
+supper room attached to the cemetery. These colleges or guilds enjoyed
+great privileges, and were protected by the law.
+
+At a time when a political career was closed to all but such as belonged
+to the governing class, the affairs of these clubs engrossed the attention
+of the members and evoked great rivalry and controversies. One admirable
+effect of the clubs was the development of a spirit of fellowship among
+the members, and another was that it tended in a measure to break down
+class exclusiveness. Men of rank and wealth, aware of the power exercised
+by these guilds, eagerly accepted the offices of patron to them, though
+the clubs might be those of cord-wainers, armorers or sailmakers. And
+those who were ordinary members of a guild regarded their patrons with
+affection and loyalty. Now that the signal had been sent round to rally
+the Cultores Nemausi, every member forgot his private feeling, sank his
+individual opinion, and fell into rank with his fellows, united in one
+common object--the maintenance by every available man, and at every
+sacrifice, of the respect due to the god.
+
+These Cultores Nemausi at once formed into organized bodies under their
+several officers, in face of a confused crowd that drifted hither and
+thither without purpose and without cohesion.
+
+AEmilius found himself no longer hearkened to. To him this was a matter of
+no concern. He had sought to engage attention only so as to withdraw it
+from Perpetua and leave opportunity for her friends to remove her.
+
+Now that this object was attained, he laughingly leaped from the
+balustrade and made as though he was about to return home.
+
+But at once the chief priestess saw his object, and cried: "Seize him! He
+blasphemes the god, founder of the city. He would destroy the college. Let
+him be conveyed into the temple, that the Holy One may there deal with him
+as he wills."
+
+The Prefect of Police, whose duty it was to keep order, now advanced with
+the few men he had deemed necessary to bring with him, and he said in
+peremptory tone:
+
+"We can suffer no violence. If he has transgressed the law, let him be
+impeached."
+
+"Sir," answered the priestess, "we will use no violence. He has insulted
+the majesty of the god. He has snatched from him his destined and devoted
+victim. Yet we meditate no severe reprisals. All I seek is that he may be
+brought into the presence of the god in the adytum, where is a table
+spread with cakes. Let him there sprinkle incense on the fire and eat of
+the cakes. Then he shall go free. If the god be wroth, he will manifest
+his indignation. But if, as I doubt not, he be placable, then shall this
+man depart unmolested."
+
+"Against this I have naught to advance," said the prefect.
+
+But one standing by whispered him: "Those cakes are not to be trusted. I
+have heard of one who ate and fell down in convulsions after eating."
+
+"That is a matter between the god and AEmilius Varo. I have done my duty."
+
+Then the confraternity of the Cultores Nemausi spread itself so as to
+encircle the place and include AEmilius, barring every passage. He might,
+doubtless, have escaped had he taken to his heels at the first summons of
+the club to congregate, but he had desired to occupy the attention of the
+people as long as possible, and it did not comport with his self-respect
+to run from danger.
+
+Throwing over him the toga which he had cast aside when he leaped into the
+pond, he thrust one hand into his bosom and leisurely strode through the
+crowd, waving them aside with the other hand, till he stopped by the
+living barrier of the worshippers of Nemausus.
+
+"You cannot pass, sir," said the captain of that party which intercepted
+his exit. "The chief priestess hath ordered that thou appear before the
+god in his cella and then do worship and submit thyself to his will."
+
+"And how is that will to be declared?" asked the young man, jestingly.
+
+"Sir! thou must eat one of the dedicated placenta."
+
+"I have heard of these same cakes and have no stomach for them."
+
+"Nevertheless eat thou must."
+
+"What if I will not?"
+
+"Then constraint will be used. The prefect has given his consent. Who is
+to deliver thee?"
+
+"Who! Here come my deliverers!"
+
+A tramp of feet was audible.
+
+Instantly AEmilius ran back to the balustrade, leaped upon it, and, waving
+his arm, shouted:
+
+"To my aid, Utriculares! But use no violence."
+
+Instantly with a shout a dense body of men that had rolled into the
+gardens dashed itself against the ring of Cultores Nemausi. They
+brandished marlin spikes and oars to which were attached inflated goat-
+skins and bladders. These they whirled around their heads and with them
+they smote to the left and to the right. The distended skins clashed
+against such as stood in opposition, and sent them reeling backward;
+whereat the lusty men wielding the wind-bags thrust their way as a wedge
+through their ranks. The worshippers of Nemausus swore, screamed,
+remonstrated, but were unable to withstand the onslaught. They were beaten
+back and dispersed by the whirling bladders.
+
+The general mob roared with laughter and cheered the boatmen who formed
+the attacking party. Cries of "Well done, Utriculares! That is a fine
+delivery, Wind-bag-men! Ha, ha! A hundred to five on the Utriculares! You
+are come in the nick of time, afore your patron was made to nibble the
+poisoned cakes."
+
+The men armed with air-distended skins did harm to none. Their weapons
+were calculated to alarm and not to injure. To be banged in the face with
+a bladder was almost as disconcerting as to be smitten with a cudgel, but
+it left no bruise, it broke no bone, and the man sent staggering by a
+wind-bag was received in the arms of those in rear with jibe or laugh and
+elicited no compassion.
+
+The Utriculares speedily reached AEmilius, gave vent to a cheer; they
+lifted him on their shoulders, and, swinging the inflated skins and
+shouting, marched off, out of the gardens, through the Forum, down the
+main street of the lower town unmolested, under the conduct of
+Callipodius.
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER V
+
+                               THE LAGOONS
+
+
+The men who carried and surrounded AEmilius proceeded in rapid march,
+chanting a rhythmic song, through the town till they emerged on a sort of
+quay beside a wide-spreading shallow lagoon. Here were moored numerous
+rafts.
+
+"Now, sir," said one of the men, as AEmilius leaped to the ground, "if you
+will take my advice, you will allow us to convey you at once to Arelate.
+This is hardly a safe place for you at present."
+
+"I must thank you all, my gallant fellows, for your timely aid. But for
+you I should have been forced to eat of the dedicated cakes, and such as
+are out of favor with the god--or, rather, with the priesthood that lives
+by him, as cockroaches and black beetles by the baker--such are liable to
+get stomach aches, which same stomach aches convey into the land where are
+no aches and pains. I thank you all."
+
+"Nay, sir, we did our duty. Are not you patron of the Utriculares?"
+
+"I am your patron assuredly, as you did me the honor to elect me. If I
+have lacked zeal to do you service in time past, henceforward be well
+assured I will devote my best energies to your cause."
+
+"We are beholden to you, sir."
+
+"I to you--the rather."
+
+Perhaps the reader will desire to understand who the wind-bag men were who
+had hurried to the rescue of AEmilius. For the comprehension of this
+particular, something must be said relative to the physical character of
+the country.
+
+The mighty Rhone that receives the melted snows of the southern slope of
+the Bernese Oberland and the northern incline of the opposed Pennine Alps
+receives also the drain of the western side of the Jura, as well as that
+of the Graian and Cottian Alps. The Durance pours in its auxiliary flood
+below Avignon.
+
+After a rapid thaw of snow, or the breaking of charged rain clouds on the
+mountains, these rivers increase in volume, and as the banks of the Rhone
+below the junction of the Durance and St. Raphael are low, it overflows
+and spreads through the flat alluvial delta. It would be more exact to say
+that it was wont to overflow, rather than that it does so now. For at
+present, owing to the embankments thrown up and maintained at enormous
+cost, the Rhone can only occasionally submerge the low-lying land, whereas
+anciently such floods were periodical and as surely expected as those of
+the Nile.
+
+The overflowing Rhone formed a vast region of lagoons that extended from
+Tarascon and Beaucaire to the Gulf of Lyons, and spread laterally over the
+Crau on one side to Nimes on the other. Nimes itself stood on its own
+river, the Vistre, but this fed marshes and "broads" that were connected
+with the tangle of lagoons formed by the Rhone.
+
+Arelate, the great emporium of the trade between Gaul and Italy, occupied
+a rocky islet in the midst of water that extended as far as the eye could
+reach. This tract of submerged land was some sixty miles in breadth by
+forty in depth, was sown with islets of more or less elevation and extent.
+Some were bold, rocky eminences, others were mere rubble and sand-banks
+formed by the river. Arelate or Arles was accessible by vessels up and
+down the river or by rafts that plied the lagoons, and by the canal
+constructed by Marius, that traversed them from Fossoe Marino. As the
+canal was not deep, and as the current of the river was strong, ships were
+often unable to ascend to the city through these arteries, and had to
+discharge their merchandise on the coast upon rafts that conveyed it to
+the great town, and when the floods permitted, carried much to Nemausus.
+
+As the sheets of water were in places and at periods shallow, the rafts
+were made buoyant, though heavily laden, by means of inflated skins and
+bladders placed beneath them.
+
+As the conveyance of merchandise engaged a prodigious number of persons,
+the raftsmen had organized themselves into the guild of Utriculares, or
+Wind-bag men, and as they became not infrequently involved in contests
+with those whose interests they crossed, and on whose privileges they
+infringed, they enlisted the aid of lawyers to act as their patrons, to
+bully their enemies, and to fight their battles against assailants. Among
+the numerous classic monumental inscriptions that remain in Provence,
+there are many in which a man of position is proud to have it recorded
+that he was an honorary member of the club of the inflated-skin men.
+
+Nemausus owed much of its prosperity to the fact that it was the trade
+center for wool and for skins. The Cevennes and the great limestone
+plateaux that abut upon them nourished countless herds of goats and flocks
+of sheep, and the dress of everyone at the period being of wool the demand
+for fleeces was great; consequently vast quantities of wool were brought
+from the mountains of Nimes, whence it was floated away on rafts sustained
+by the skins that came from the same quarter.
+
+The archipelago that studded the fresh-water sea was inhabited by
+fishermen, and these engaged in the raft-carriage. The district presented
+a singular contrast of high culture and barbarism. In Arles, Nimes,
+Narbonne there was a Greek element. There was here and there an infusion
+of Phoenician blood. The main body of the people consisted of the dusky
+Ligurians, who had almost entirely lost their language, and had adopted
+that of their Gaulish conquerors, the Volex. These latter were
+distinguished by their fair hair, their clear complexions, their stalwart
+frames. Another element in the composite mass was that of the colonists.
+After the battle of Actium, Augustus had rewarded his Egypto-Greek
+auxiliaries by planting them at Nemausus, and giving them half the estates
+of the Gaulish nobility. To these Greeks were added Roman merchants,
+round-headed, matter-of-fact looking men, destitute of imagination, but
+full of practical sense.
+
+These incongruous elements that in the lapse of centuries have been fused,
+were, at the time of this tale, fairly distinct.
+
+"You are in the right, my friends," said AEmilius. "The kiln is heated too
+hot for comfort. It would roast me. I will go even to Arelate, if you will
+be good enough to convey me thither."
+
+"With the greatest of pleasure, sir."
+
+AEmilius had an office at Arles. He was a lawyer, but his headquarters were
+at Nemausus, to which town he belonged by birth. He represented a good
+family, and was descended from one of the colonists under Agrippa and
+Augustus. His father was dead, and though he was not wealthy, he was well
+off, and possessed a villa and estates on the mountain sides, at some
+distance from the town. In the heats of summer he retired to his villa.
+
+On this day of March there had been a considerable gathering of raftsmen
+at Nemausus, who had utilized the swollen waters in the lagoons for the
+conveyance of merchandise.
+
+AEmilius stepped upon a raft that seemed to be poised on bubbles, so light
+was it on the surface of the water, and the men at once thrust from land
+with their poles.
+
+The bottom was everywhere visible, owing to the whiteness of the limestone
+pebbles and the sand that composed it, and through the water darted
+innumerable fish. The liquid element was clear. Neither the Vistre nor the
+stream from the fountain brought down any mud, and the turbid Rhone had
+deposited all its sediment before its waters reached and mingled with
+those that flowed from the Cebennae. There was no perceptible current. The
+weeds under water were still, and the only thing in motion were the
+darting fish.
+
+The raftmen were small, nimble fellows, with dark hair, dark eyes and
+pleasant faces. They laughed and chatted with each other over the incident
+of the rescue of their patron, but it was in their own dialect,
+unintelligible to AEmilius, to whom they spoke in broken Latin, in which
+were mingled Greek words.
+
+Now and then they burst simultaneously into a wailing chant, and then
+interrupted their song to laugh and gesticulate and mimic those who had
+been knocked over by their wind-bags.
+
+As AEmilius did not understand their conversation and their antics did not
+amuse him, he lay on the raft upon a wolfskin that had been spread over
+the timber, looking dreamily into the water and at the white golden
+flowers of the floating weeds through which the raft was impelled. The
+ripples caused by the displacement of the water caught and flashed the sun
+in his eyes like lightning.
+
+His mind reverted to what had taken place, but unlike the raftmen he did
+not consider it from its humorous side. He wondered at himself for the
+active part he had taken. He wondered at himself for having acted without
+premeditation. Why had he interfered to save the life of a girl whom he
+had not known even by name? Why had he been so indiscreet as to involve
+himself in a quarrel with his fellow-citizens in a matter in no way
+concerning him? What had impelled him so rashly to bring down on himself
+the resentment of an influential and powerful body?
+
+The youth of Rome and of the Romanized provinces was at the time of the
+empire very blase. It enjoyed life early, and wearied rapidly of pleasure.
+It became skeptical as to virtue, and looked on the world of men with
+cynical contempt. It was selfish, sensual, cruel. But in AEmilius there was
+something nobler than what existed in most; the perception of what was
+good and true was not dead in him; it had slept. And now the face of
+Perpetua looked up at him out of the water. Was it her beauty that had so
+attracted him as to make him for a moment mad and cast his cynicism aside,
+as the butterfly throws away the chrysalis from which it breaks? No,
+beautiful indeed she was, but there was in her face something
+inexpressible, undefinable, even mentally; something conceivable in a
+goddess, an aura from another world, an emanation from Olympus. It was
+nothing that was subject to the rule. It was not due to proportion; it
+could be seized by neither painter nor sculptor. What was it? That puzzled
+him. He had been fascinated, lifted out of his base and selfish self to
+risk his life to do a generous, a noble act. He was incapable of
+explaining to himself what had wrought this sudden change in him.
+
+He thought over all that had taken place. How marvelous had been the
+serenity with which Perpetua had faced death! How ready she was to cast
+away life when life was in its prime and the world with all its pleasures
+was opening before her! He could not understand this. He had seen men die
+in the arena, but never thus. What had given the girl that look, as though
+a light within shone through her features? What was there in her that made
+him feel that to think of her, save with reverence, was to commit a
+sacrilege?
+
+In the heart of AEmilius there was, though he knew it not, something of
+that same spirit which pervaded the best of men and the deepest thinkers
+in that decaying, corrupt old world. All had acquired a disbelief in
+virtue because they nowhere encountered it, and yet all were animated with
+a passionate longing for it as the ideal, perhaps the unattainable, but
+that which alone could make life really happy.
+
+It was this which disturbed the dainty epicureanism of Horace, which gave
+verjuice to the cynicism of Juvenal, which roused the savage bitterness of
+Perseus. More markedly still, the craving after this better life, on what
+based, he could not conjecture, filled the pastoral mind of Virgil, and
+almost with a prophet's fire, certainly with an aching desire, he sang of
+the coming time when the vestiges of ancient fraud would be swept away and
+the light of a better day, a day of truth and goodness would break on the
+tear- and blood-stained world.
+
+And now this dim groping after what was better than he had seen; this
+inarticulate yearning after something higher than the sordid round of
+pleasure; this innate assurance that to man there is an ideal of spiritual
+loveliness and perfection to which he can attain if shown the way--all this
+now had found expression in the almost involuntary plunge into the
+Nemausean pool. He had seen the ideal, and he had broken with the regnant
+paganism to reach and rescue it.
+
+"What, my AEmilius! like Narcissus adoring thine incomparable self in the
+water!"
+
+The young lawyer started, and an expression of annoyance swept over his
+face. The voice was that of Callipodius.
+
+"Oh, my good friend," answered AEmilius, "I was otherwise engaged with my
+thoughts than in thinking of my poor self."
+
+"Poor! with so many hides of land, vineyards and sheep-walks and olive
+groves! Aye, and with a flourishing business, and the possession of a
+matchless country residence at Ad Fines."
+
+"Callipodius," said the patron, "thou art a worthy creature, and lackest
+but one thing to make thee excellent."
+
+"And what is that?"
+
+"Bread made without salt is insipid, and conversation seasoned with
+flattery nauseates. I have heard of a slave who was smeared with honey and
+exposed on a cross to wasps. When thou addressest me I seem to feel as
+though thou wast dabbing honey over me."
+
+"My AEmilius! But where would you find wasps to sting you?"
+
+"Oh! they are ready and eager--and I am flying them--all the votaries of
+Nemausus thou hast seen this day. As thou lovest me, leave me to myself,
+to rest. I am heavy with sleep, and the sun is hot."
+
+"Ah! dreamer that thou art. I know that thou art thinking of the fair
+Perpetua, that worshiper of an----"
+
+"Cease; I will not hear this." AEmilius made an angry gesture. Then he
+started up and struck at his brow. "By Hercules! I am a coward, flying,
+flying, when she is in extreme peril. Where is she now? Maybe those
+savages, those fools, are hunting after her to cast her again into the
+basin, or to thrust poisoned cakes into her mouth. By the Sacred Twins! I
+am doing that which is unworthy of me--that for which I could never
+condone. I am leaving the feeble and the helpless, unassisted, unprotected
+in extremity of danger. Thrust back, my good men! Thrust back! I cannot to
+Arelate. I must again to Nemausus!"
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER VI
+
+                          THE PASSAGE INTO LIFE
+
+
+AEmilius had sprung to his feet and called to the men to cease punting.
+They rested on their poles, awaiting further instructions, and the impetus
+given to the raft carried it among some yellow flags and rushes.
+
+Callipodius said: "I mostly admire the splendor of your intellect, that
+shines forth with solar effulgence. But there are seasons when the sun is
+eclipsed or obscured, and such is this with thee. Surely thou dost not
+contemplate a return to Nemausus to risk thy life without being in any way
+able to assist the damsel. Consider, moreover--is it worth it--for a girl?"
+
+"Callipodius," said the young lawyer in a tone of vehemence, "I cannot fly
+and place myself in security and leave her exposed to the most dreadful
+danger. I did my work by half only. What I did was unpremeditated, but
+that done must be made a complete whole. When I undertake anything it is
+my way to carry it out to a fair issue."
+
+"That is true enough and worthy of your excellent qualities of heart and
+mind. But you know nothing of this wench, and be she all that you imagine,
+what is a woman that for her you should jeopardize your little finger?
+Besides, her mother and kinsfolk will hardly desire your aid, will
+certainly not invoke it."
+
+"Why not?"
+
+Callipodius shrugged his shoulders. "You are a man of the world--a votary
+of pleasure, and these people are Christians. They will do their utmost
+for her. They hang together as a swarm of bees."
+
+"Who and what are these people--this mother and her kinsfolk?"
+
+"I know little about them. They occupy a house in the lower town, and that
+tells its own tale. They do not belong to the quality to which you belong.
+The girl has been reputed beautiful, and many light fellows have sought to
+see and have words with her. But she is so zealously guarded, and is
+herself so retiring and modest that they have encountered only rebuff and
+disappointment."
+
+"I must return. I will know for certain that she is in safety. Methinks no
+sooner were they balked of me than they would direct all their efforts to
+secure her."
+
+"You shall not go back to Nemausus. You would but jeopardize your own
+valuable life without the possibility of assisting her; nay, rather
+wouldst thou direct attention to her. Leave the matter with me and trust
+my devotion to thine interests."
+
+"I must learn tidings of her. I shall not rest till assured that she is
+out of danger. By the infernal gods, Callipodius, I know not what is come
+upon me, but I feel that if ill befall her, I could throw myself on a
+sword and welcome death, life having lost to me all value."
+
+"Then I tell thee this, most resolute of men," said Callipodius, "I will
+return to the town. My nothingness will pass unquestioned. Thou shalt
+tarry at the house of Flavillus yonder on the promontory. He is a timber
+merchant, and the place is clean. The woman bears a good name, and, what
+is better, can cook well. The house is poor and undeserving of the honor
+of receiving so distinguished a person as thyself; but if thou wilt
+condescend----"
+
+"Enough. I will do as thou advisest. And, oh, friend, be speedy, relieve
+my anxiety and be true as thou dost value my esteem."
+
+Then AEmilius signed to the raftmen to put him ashore at the landing place
+to the timber yard of Flavillus.
+
+Having landed he mounted a slight ascent to a cottage that was surrounded
+by piles of wood--of oak, chestnut, pine and olive. Flavillus was a
+merchant on a small scale, but a man of energy and industry. He dealt with
+the natives of the Cebennae, and bought the timber they felled, conveyed it
+to his stores, whence it was distributed to the towns in the neighborhood;
+and supplies were furnished to the shipbuilders at Arelate.
+
+The merchant was now away, but his wife received AEmilius with deference.
+She had heard his name from the raftmen, and was acquainted with
+Callipodius, a word from whom sufficed as an introduction.
+
+She apologized because her house was small, as also because her mother,
+then with her, was at the point of death from old age, not from any fever
+or other disorder. If AEmilius Lentulus, under the circumstances, would
+pardon imperfection in attendance, she would gladly extend to him such
+hospitality as she could offer. AEmilius would have gone elsewhere, but
+that the only other house he could think of that was near was a tavern,
+then crowded by Utriculares, who occupied every corner. He was sorry to
+inconvenience the woman, yet accepted her offer. The period was not one in
+which much consideration was shown to those in a lower grade. The citizens
+and nobles held that their inferiors existed for their convenience only.
+AEmilius shared in the ideas of his time and class, but he had sufficient
+natural delicacy to make him reluctant to intrude where his presence was
+necessarily irksome. Nevertheless, as there was no other place to which he
+could go, he put aside this feeling of hesitation.
+
+The house was small, and was constructed of wood upon a stone basement.
+The partitions between the rooms were of split planks, and the joints were
+in places open, and knots had come out, so that what passed in one
+apartment was audible, and, to some extent, visible in another. A bedroom
+in a Roman house was a mere closet, furnished with a bed only. All washing
+was done at the baths, not in the house. The room had no window, only a
+door over which hung a curtain.
+
+AEmilius divested himself of his wet garment and gave it to his hostess to
+dry, then wrapped himself in his toga and awaited supper.
+
+The meal was prepared as speedily as might be. It consisted of eggs, eels,
+with melon, and apples of last year. Wine was abundant, and so was oil.
+
+When he had eaten and was refreshed, moved by a kindly thought AEmilius
+asked if he might see the sick mother. His hostess at once conducted him
+to her apartment, and he stood by the old woman's bed. The evening sun
+shone in at the door, where stood the daughter holding back the curtain,
+and lighted the face of the aged woman. It was thin, white and drawn. The
+eyes were large and lustrous.
+
+"I am an intruder," said the young man, "yet I would not sleep the night
+in this house without paying my respects to the mother of my kind hostess.
+Alas! thou art one I learn who is unable to escape that which befalls all
+mortals. It is a lot evaded only by the gods, if there be any truth in the
+tales told concerning them. It must be a satisfaction to you to
+contemplate the many pleasures enjoyed in a long life, just as after an
+excellent meal we can in mind revert to it and retaste in imagination
+every course--as indeed I do with the supper so daintily furnished by my
+hostess."
+
+"Ah, sir," said the old woman, "on the couch of death one looks not back
+but forward."
+
+"And that also is true," remarked AEmilius. "What is before you but
+everything that can console the mind and gratify the ambition. With your
+excellent daughter and the timber-yard hard by, you may calculate on a
+really handsome funeral pyre--plenty of olive wood and fragrant pine logs
+from the Cebennae. I myself will be glad to contribute a handful of
+oriental spices to throw into the flames."
+
+"Sir, I think not of that."
+
+"And the numbers who will attend and the orations that will be made
+lauding your many virtues! It has struck me that one thing only is wanting
+in a funeral to make it perfectly satisfactory, and that is that the
+person consigned to the flames should be able to see the pomp and hear the
+good things said of him."
+
+"Oh, sir, I regard not that!"
+
+"No, like a wise woman, you look beyond."
+
+"Aye! aye!" she folded her hands and a light came into her eyes. "I look
+beyond."
+
+"To the mausoleum and the cenotaph. Unquestionably the worthy Flavillus
+will give you a monument as handsome as his means will permit, and for
+many centuries your name will be memorialized thereon."
+
+"Oh, sir! my poor name! what care I for that? I ask Flavillus to spend no
+money over my remains; and may my name be enshrined in the heart of my
+daughter. But--it is written elsewhere--even in Heaven."
+
+"I hardly comprehend."
+
+"As to what happens to the body--that is of little concern to me. I desire
+but one thing--to be dissolved, and to be with Christ."
+
+"Ah!--so--with Christ!"
+
+AEmilius rubbed his chin.
+
+"He is my Hope. He is my Salvation. In Him I shall live. Death is
+swallowed up in Victory."
+
+"She rambles in her talk," said he, turning to the daughter.
+
+"Nay, sir, she is clear in her mind and dwells on the thoughts that
+comfort her."
+
+"And that is not that she will have an expensive funeral?"
+
+"Oh, no, sir!"
+
+"Nor that she will have a commemorative cenotaph belauding her virtues?"
+
+Then the dying woman said: "I shall live--live forevermore. I have passed
+from death unto life."
+
+AEmilius shook his head. If this was not the raving of a disordered mind,
+what could it be?
+
+He retired to his apartment.
+
+He was tired. He had nothing to occupy him, so he cast himself on his bed.
+
+Shortly he heard the voice of a man. He started and listened in the hopes
+that Callipodius had returned, but as the tones were strange to him he lay
+down again.
+
+Presently a light struck through a knot in the boards that divided his
+room from that of the dying woman. Then he heard the strange voice say:
+"Peace be to this house and to all that dwell therein."
+
+"It is the physician," said AEmilius to himself. "Pshaw! what can he do?
+She is dying of old age."
+
+At first the newcomer did inquire concerning the health of the patient,
+but then rapidly passed to other matters, and these strange to the ear of
+the young lawyer. He had gathered that the old woman was a Christian; but
+of Christians he knew no more than that they were reported to worship the
+head of an ass, to devour little children, and to indulge in debauchery at
+their evening banquets.
+
+The strange man spoke to the dying woman--not of funeral and cenotaph as
+things to look forward to, but to life and immortality, to joy and rest
+from labor.
+
+"My daughter," said the stranger, "indicate by sign that thou hearest me.
+Fortified by the most precious gift thou wilt pass out of darkness into
+light, out of sorrow into joy, from tears to gladness of heart, from where
+thou seest through a glass darkly to where thou shalt look on the face of
+Christ, the Sun of Righteousness. Though thou steppest down into the
+river, yet His cross shall be thy stay and His staff shall comfort thee.
+He goeth before to be thy guide. He standeth to be thy defence. The
+spirits of evil cannot hurt thee. The Good Shepherd will gather thee into
+His fold. The True Physician will heal all thine infirmities. As the
+second Joshua, He will lead thee out of the wilderness into the land of
+Promise. The angels of God surround thee. The light of the heavenly city
+streams over thee. Rejoice, rejoice! The night is done and the day is at
+hand. For all thy labors thou shalt be recompensed double. For all thy
+sorrows He will comfort thee. He will wipe away thy tears. He will cleanse
+thee from thy stains. He will feed thee with all thy desire. Old things
+are passed away; all things are made new. Thy heart shall laugh and
+sing--Pax!"
+
+AEmilius, looking through a chink, saw the stranger lay his hand on the
+woman's brow. He saw how the next moment he withdrew it, and how, turning
+to her daughter, he said:
+
+"Do not lament for her. She has passed from death unto life. She sees Him,
+in whom she has believed, in whom she has hoped, whom she has loved."
+
+And the daughter wiped her eyes.
+
+"Well," said AEmilius to himself, "now I begin to see how these people are
+led to face death without fear. It is a pity that it should be delusion
+and mere talk. Where is the evidence that it is other? Where is the
+foundation for all this that is said?"
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER VII
+
+                                OBLATIONS
+
+
+The house into which the widow lady and her daughter entered was that used
+by the Christians of Nemausus as their church. A passage led into the
+_atrium_, a quadrangular court in the midst of the house into which most
+of the rooms opened, and in the center of which was a small basin of
+water. On the marble breasting of this tank stood, in a heathen household,
+the altar to the _lares et penates_, the tutelary gods of the dwelling.
+This court was open above for the admission of light and air, and to allow
+the smoke to escape. Originally this had been the central chamber of the
+Roman house, but eventually it became a court. It was the focus of family
+life, and the altar in it represented the primitive family hearth in times
+before civilization had developed the house out of the cabin.
+
+Whoever entered a pagan household was expected, as token of respect, to
+strew a few grains of incense on the ever-burning hearth, or to dip his
+fingers in the water basin and flip a few drops over the images. But in a
+Christian household no such altar and images of gods were to be found. A
+Christian gave great offense by refusing to comply with the generally
+received customs, and his disregard on this point of etiquette was held to
+be as indicative of boorishness and lack of graceful courtesy, as would be
+the conduct nowadays of a man who walked into a drawing-room wearing his
+hat.
+
+Immediately opposite the entrance into the _atrium_, on the further side
+of the tank, and beyond the altar to the _lares et penates_, elevated
+above the floor of the court by two or three white-marble steps, was a
+semicircular chamber, with elaborate mosaic floor, and the walls richly
+painted. This was the _tablinum_. The paintings represented scenes from
+heathen mythology in such houses as belonged to pagans, but in the
+dwelling of Baudillas, the deacon, the pictures that had originally
+decorated it had been plastered over, and upon this coating green vines
+had been somewhat rudely drawn, with birds of various descriptions playing
+among the foliage and pecking at the grapes.
+
+Around the wall were seats; and here, in a pagan house, the master
+received his guests. His seat was at the extremity of the apse, and was of
+white marble. When such a house was employed for Christian worship, the
+clergy occupied the seat against the wall and the bishop that of the
+master in the center. In the chord of the apse above the steps stood the
+altar, now no longer smoking nor dedicated to the _Lar pater_, but devoted
+to Him who is the Father of Spirits. But this altar was in itself
+different wholly from that which had stood by the water tank. Instead of
+being a block of marble, with a hearth on top, it consisted of a table on
+three, sometimes four, bronze legs, the slab sometimes of stone, more
+generally of wood.(1)
+
+The _tablinum_ was shut off from the hall or court, except when used for
+the reception of guests, by rich curtains running on rings upon a rod.
+These curtains were drawn back or forward during the celebration of the
+liturgy, and this has continued to form a portion of the furniture of an
+Oriental church, whether Greek, Armenian, or Syrian.
+
+In like manner the _tablinum_, with its conch-shape termination, gave the
+type to the absidal chancel, so general everywhere except in England.
+
+On the right side of the court was the _triclinium_ or dining-room, and
+this was employed by the early Christians for their love-feasts.
+
+Owing to the protection extended by law to the colleges or clubs, the
+Christians sought to screen themselves from persecution by representing
+themselves as forming one of these clubs, and affecting their usages. Even
+on their tombstones they so designated themselves, "Cultores Dei," and
+they were able to carry on their worship under the appearance of
+frequenting guild meetings. One of the notable features of such secular or
+semi-religious societies was the convivial supper for the members,
+attended by all. The Church adopted this supper, called it Agape, but of
+course gave to it a special signification. It was made to be a symbol of
+that unity among Christians which was supposed to exist between all
+members. The supper was also a convenient means whereby the rich could
+contribute to the necessities of the poor, and was regarded as a
+fulfilment of the Lord's command: "When thou makest a feast, call the
+poor, the maimed, the lame, the blind."
+
+Already, in the third century, the believers who belonged to the superior
+classes had withdrawn from them, and alleged as their excuse the command:
+"When thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not thy friends, nor thy
+brethren, neither thy kinsman, nor thy rich neighbors." Their actual
+reason was, however, distaste for associating with such as belonged to the
+lower orders, and from being present at scenes that were not always
+edifying.
+
+The house of Baudillas had once been of consequence, and his family one of
+position; but that had been in the early days of the colony before the
+indigenous Gaulish nobility had been ousted from every place of authority,
+and the means for enriching themselves had been drawn away by the greed of
+the conquerors. The quarter of the town in which was his mansion had
+declined in respectability. Many of the houses of the old Volcian gentry
+had been sold and converted into lodgings for artisans. In this case the
+ancestral dwelling remained in the possession of the last representative
+of the family, but it was out of repair, and the owner was poor.
+
+"I hardly know what should be done," said Baudillas to himself, rather
+than to the ladies he was escorting. "The Church has been enjoined to
+assemble this afternoon for the Agape, and our bishop, Castor, is absent
+at this critical juncture. He has gone on a pastoral round, taking
+advantage of the floods to visit, in boat, some of the outlying hamlets
+and villages where there are believers. It seems to me hardly prudent for
+us to assemble when there is such agitation of spirits. Ladies, allow my
+house-keeper--she was my nurse--to conduct you where you can repose after
+the fatigue and distress you have undergone. She will provide dry garments
+for Perpetua, and hot water for her feet. The baths are the proper place,
+but it would be dangerous for her to adventure herself in public."
+
+Baudillas paced the court in anxiety of mind. He did not know what course
+to adopt. He was not a man of initiative. He was devoted to his duty and
+discharged whatever he was commanded to do with punctilious nicety; but he
+was thrown into helpless incapacity when undirected by a superior mind, or
+not controlled by a dominant will.
+
+It would be difficult to communicate with the brethren. He had but one
+male servant, Pedo, who had a stiff hip-joint. He could not send him round
+to give notice of a postponement, and Baudillas was not the man to take
+such a step without orders. Probably, said he to himself, the commotion
+would abate before evening. There would be much feasting in the town that
+afternoon. The Cultores Nemausi had their club dinner; and the families of
+Volcian descent made it a point of honor to entertain on that day,
+dedicated to their Gallic founder and hero-god. It was precisely for this
+reason that the Agape had been appointed to be celebrated on the first of
+March. When all the lower town was holding debauch, the harmless reunion
+of the Christians would pass unregarded.
+
+"What shall I do?" said the deacon. "Castor, our bishop, should not have
+absented himself at such a time, but then how could he have foreseen what
+has taken place? I will take care that the ladies be provided with
+whatever they may need, and then will sally forth and ascertain what
+temper our fellow-citizens are in. We southerners blaze up like a fire of
+straw, and as soon does our flame expire. If I meet some of the brethren,
+I will consult with them what is to be done. As it is we have postponed
+the Agape till set of sun, when we deemed that all the town would be
+indoors merry-making."
+
+An hour later, a slave of the lady Quincta arrived to say that her house
+was watched, and that the servants did not deem it advisable to leave with
+the litter, lest some attempt should be made to track them to the house
+where their mistress was concealed, in which case the rabble might even
+try to get possession of Perpetua.
+
+Quincta was greatly alarmed at the tidings, and bade that the litter
+should on no account be sent. When those watching her door had been
+withdrawn, then a faithful slave was to announce the fact, and she and her
+daughter would steal home afoot. Thus passed the time, with anxiety
+contracting the hearts of all. Quincta was a timid woman, Baudillas, as
+already said, irresolute. In the afternoon, gifts began to arrive for the
+love-feast. Slaves brought hampers of bread, quails, field-fare stuffed
+with truffles; brown pots containing honey were also deposited by them in
+the passage. Others brought branches of dried raisins, apples, eggs,
+flasks of oil, and bouquets of spring flowers.(2)
+
+Baudillas was relieved when the stream of oblations began to flow in, as
+it decided for him the matter of the Agape. It must take place--it could
+not be deferred, as some of the food sent was perishable.
+
+A slave arrived laden with an _amphora_--a red earthenware bottle, pointed
+below, so that to maintain it upright it had to be planted in sand or
+ashes. On the side was a seal with the sacred symbol, showing that it
+contained wine set apart for religious usage.(3)
+
+"Sir!" said the bearer, "happy is the man who tastes of this wine from
+Ambrussum (near Lunel).(4) It is of the color of amber, it is old, and
+runs like oil. The heat of the Provence sun is gathered and stored in it,
+to break forth and glow in the veins, to mount into and fire the brain,
+and to make and kindle a furnace in the heart."
+
+"It shall be used with discretion, Tarsius," said the deacon.
+
+"By Bacchus!--I ask your pardon, deacon! Old habits are not easily laid
+aside. What was I saying? Oh--you remarked something about discretion. For
+my part I consider that my master has exercised none in sending this to
+your love-feast. Bah! it is casting pearls before swine to pour out this
+precious essence into the cups of such a beggarly, vagabond set as
+assemble here. The quality folk are becoming weary of these banquets and
+hold aloof."
+
+"That is sadly true," observed Baudillas, "and the effect of this
+withdrawal is that it aggravates the difficulties of myself and my
+brethren."
+
+"The choice liquor is thrown away on such as you have as congregation. How
+can they relish the Ambrussian if they have not had their palates educated
+to know good liquor from bad? On my faith as a Christian! were I master
+instead of slave, I would send you the wine of the year when Sosius Falco
+and Julius Clarus were consuls--then the grapes mildewed in the bunch, and
+the wine is naught but vinegar, no color, no bouquet, no substance.
+Gentlemen and slaves can't drink it. But I reckon that my master thinks to
+condone his absence by sending one of his choicest flasks."
+
+"You are somewhat free of tongue, Tarsius."
+
+"I am a frank man though enslaved. Thoughts are free, and my tongue is not
+enchained. I shall attend the banquet this evening. The master and
+mistress remain at home that we, believing members of the family, may be
+present at the Agape. I will trouble you, when pouring out the Ambrussian
+wine, not to forget that I had to sweat under the flask, to your house."
+
+"I think, Tarsius, I cannot do better than place the bottle under your
+charge. You know its value, and the force of the wine. Distribute as you
+see fit."
+
+"Aye; I know who will appreciate it, and who are unworthy of a drop. I
+accept the responsibility. You do wisely, deacon, in trusting me--a knowing
+one," and he slapped his breast and pursed up his mouth.
+
+Then another servant appeared with a basket.
+
+"Here, sir!" said he to the deacon. "I bring you honey-cakes. The lady
+Lampridia sends them. She is infirm and unable to leave her house, but she
+would fain do something for the poor, the almoners of Christ. She sends
+you these and also garments that she has made for children. She desires
+that you will distribute them among such parents as have occasion for
+them."
+
+Next came a man of equestrian rank, and drew the deacon aside.
+
+"Where is Castor?" he inquired in an agitated voice. "I cannot appear this
+evening. The whole town is in effervescence. Inquisition may be made for
+us Christians. There will be a tumult. When they persecute you in one
+city--fly to another! That is the divine command, and I shall obey it to
+the letter. I have sent forward servants and mules--and shall escape with
+my wife and children to my villa."
+
+"The bishop is away. He will be back this evening. I have not known what
+to do, whether or not to postpone the Agape to another day."
+
+"No harm will come of it if you hold the feast. None will attend save the
+poor and such as are on the books of the Church, the widows and those to
+whom a good meal is a boon. The authorities will not trouble themselves
+about the like of them. I don't relish the aspect of affairs, and shall be
+off before the storm breaks." Then the knight added hastily, "Here is
+money, distribute it, and bid the recipients pray for me and mine, that no
+harm befall us."
+
+Baudillas saw that the man was quaking with apprehension. "Verily," said
+he to himself, "It is a true saying, 'How hardly shall they that have
+riches enter into the kingdom of Heaven.' I wonder now, whether I have
+acted judiciously in entrusting that old Ambrussian to Tarsius? If the
+bishop had been here, I could have consulted him."
+
+So a weak, but good man, may even do a thing fraught with greater mischief
+than can be done with evil intent by an adversary.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER VIII
+
+                          THE VOICE AT MIDNIGHT
+
+
+As soon as dusk began to veil the sky, Christians in parties of three and
+four came to the house of Baudillas. They belonged for the most part to
+the lowest classes. None were admitted till they had given the pass-word.
+
+An _ostiarius_ or porter kept the door, and as each tapped, he said in
+Greek: "Beloved, let us love one another." Whereupon the applicant for
+admission replied in the same tongue, "For love is of God."
+
+Owing to the Greek element in the province, large at Massilia, Arelate and
+Narbo, but not less considerable at Nemausus, the Hellenic tongue, though
+not generally spoken, was more or less comprehended by all in the towns.
+The Scriptures were read in Greek; there was, as yet, no Italic version,
+and the prayers were recited, sometimes in Greek, sometimes in Latin. In
+preaching, the bishops and presbyters employed the vernacular--this was a
+conglomerate of many tongues and was in incessant decomposition, flux, and
+recomposition. It was different in every town, and varied from year to
+year.
+
+In the sub-apostolic church it was customary for a banquet to be held in
+commemoration of the Paschal Supper, early in the afternoon, lasting all
+night, previous to the celebration of the new Eucharistic rite, which took
+place at dawn. The night was spent in hymn singing, in discourses, and in
+prayer.
+
+But even in the Apostolic age, as we learn from St. Paul's first Epistle
+to the Corinthians, great abuses had manifested themselves, and very
+speedily a change was made. The Agape was dissociated from the Eucharist
+and was relegated to the evening after the celebration of the Sacrament.
+It was not abolished altogether, because it was a symbol of unity, and
+because, when under control, it was unobjectionable. Moreover, as already
+intimated, it served a convenient purpose to the Christians by making
+their meetings resemble those of the benefit clubs that were under legal
+protection.
+
+It may be conjectured that where the bulk of the members were newly
+converted, and were ignorant, there would speedily manifest itself among
+them a tendency to revert to their pagan customs, and a revolt against the
+restraints of Christian sobriety. And this actually took place, causing
+much embarrassment to the clergy, and giving some handle to the heathen to
+deride these meetings as scenes of gross disorder.
+
+No sooner did persecution cease, and the reason for holding love-feasts no
+longer held, than they were everywhere put down and by the end of the
+fourth century had absolutely ceased.
+
+In the third century Tertullian, in his "Apology" addressed to the
+heathen, gave a rose-colored description of the institution; but in his
+"Treatise on Fasting" addressed to the faithful, he was constrained to
+admit that it was a nursery of abuses. But this, indeed, common sense and
+a knowledge of human nature would lead us to suspect.
+
+We are prone to imagine that the first ages of the Church saw only saints
+within the fold, and sinners without. But we have only to read the
+writings of the early Fathers to see that this was not the case. If we
+consider our mission stations at the present day, and consult our
+evangelists among the heathen, we shall discover that the newly converted
+on entering the Church, bring with them much of their past: their
+prejudices, their superstitions, their ignorance, and their passions. The
+most vigilant care has to be exercised in watching against relapse in the
+individual, and deterioration of the general tone. The converts in the
+first ages were not made of other flesh and blood than those now
+introduced into the sheepfold, and the difficulties now encountered by
+missionaries beset the first pastors of Christ fifteen and sixteen hundred
+years ago.
+
+In an honest attempt to portray the condition of the Church at the opening
+of the third century, we must describe things as they were, and not as we
+should wish them to have been.
+
+The _atrium_ or courtyard was not lighted; there was sufficient
+illumination from above. The curtains of the _tablinum_ were close drawn,
+as the reception chamber was not to be put in requisition that night. The
+_triclinium_ or dining-room that received light through the doorway only
+would have been dark had not a lamp or two been kindled there.
+
+About thirty persons were present, male and female, but no children. Some
+were slaves from believing households; there were a few freedmen. Some
+were poor artisans, weavers, bakers, and men who sold charcoal, a porter,
+and a besom-maker.
+
+Quincta and Perpetua were the highest in social position of those present.
+A second deacon, named Marcianus, was there, a handsome man, peremptory in
+manner, quick in movement; in every point a contrast with his timid,
+hesitating brother in the ministry.
+
+The bishop had not arrived when the Agape began, and the blessing was
+spoken by an aged and feeble presbyter. The tables were spread with
+viands, and the deacons and deaconesses ministered to those who reclined
+at them. There was not room for all in the dining-chamber, and a table and
+couches had been spread in the court for such as could not be accommodated
+within.
+
+The proceedings were marked by the strictest propriety, the eating and
+drinking were in moderation, conversation was edifying, and general
+harmony prevailed. During the meal, a knocking was heard at the outer
+gate, and when the porter asked the name of the applicant for admission,
+the password was given, and he was admitted.
+
+All rose to receive Castor, the bishop.
+
+"Recline again, my friends," said he. "I have come from the house of
+Flavillus, the timber merchant on the _stagna_; his wife's mother has
+endured that which is human. She sleeps, and her spirit is with the Lord.
+I have been delayed. I was doing the work of my Master. One, a stranger to
+the faith, questioned me, and I tarried to converse with him, and disclose
+to his dark mind some ray of light. If the supper be ended, I will offer
+thanks."
+
+Then, standing at one of the tables, he made prayer to God, and thanked
+Him who had caused the corn to spring out of the earth, and had gathered
+the many grains into one bread; who had watered the vine from heaven, and
+had flushed the several grapes with generous juice, uniting the many into
+one bunch.
+
+The thanksgiving ended, lights were introduced in considerable numbers.
+There is no twilight in southern climes; when night falls, it falls
+darkly. Now all who had eaten went to the _impluvium_, dipped their hands,
+and washed their lips, then wiped them on towels held by the deaconesses.
+
+The tables were quickly removed, and the benches ranged in the
+_triclinium_, so as to accommodate all.
+
+No sooner was the whole congregation assembled, than the president,
+Castor, invited all such as had a psalm, an interpretation, a vision, or
+an edifying narrative, to relate or recite it.
+
+Then up started a little man, who held a lyre.
+
+"Sir," said he, "I have composed a poem in honor of Andeolus, the martyr
+of Gentibus."
+
+He struck a chord on his instrument, and sang. The composition was devoid
+of poetry, the meter halting, the Latin full of provincialisms, and the
+place of poetic imagery was filled with extravagances of expression. When
+he had concluded, he perhaps inadvertently wound up with the words,
+"Generous audience, grant me your applause!"--the usual method of
+conclusion on the stage.
+
+And the request met with favor--hands were clapped.
+
+Then Bishop Castor rose, and with a grave face, said:
+
+"We have listened to Lartius Garrulus with interest and with edification.
+It is well to glorify the memories of the holy ones who have witnessed a
+good confession, who have fought the fight, and have shed their blood as a
+testimony. But a poet in treating of such subjects, should restrain his
+too exuberant fancy, and not assert as facts matters of mere conjecture,
+nor should he use expressions that, though perhaps endurable in poetry,
+cannot be addressed to the martyrs in sober prose. The ignorant are too
+ready to employ words without considering their meaning with nicety, and
+to quote poets as licensing them to do that which their pastors would
+forbid."
+
+"But," said the deacon Marcianus, "what if this be uttered by
+inspiration?"
+
+"The Spirit of God," answered Castor, "never inspires the mind to import
+into religion anything that is not true." Turning round, he said: "I call
+on Turgellius to interpret a portion of the Epistle of the Blessed Paul,
+the Apostle to the Romans, translating it into the vulgar tongue, as there
+be those present who comprehend Greek with difficulty."
+
+This done, one rose, and said:
+
+"Sir, suffer me to disclose a revelation. I was asleep on my bed, three
+nights agone, and I had a dream, or vision, from on high. I beheld a snow-
+white flock pasturing on a mountain; there was abundance of herbage, and
+the sky was serene. The shepherd stood regarding them, leaning on his
+staff, and the watch-dog slept at his feet in the grass. Then, suddenly,
+the heavens became obscured, lightning flashed, thunder rolled: the flock
+was terrified and scattered. Thereupon came wolves, leaping among the
+sheep, and rending them; and I beheld now that some which I had taken to
+be sheep, cast their skins, and disclosed themselves to be ravening
+beasts. What may be signified by the vision, I know not, but I greatly
+fear that it portends an evil time to the Church."
+
+"That is like enough," said Baudillas, "after what has occurred this day.
+If the bishop has not heard, I will relate all to him in order."
+
+"I have been informed of everything," said Castor.
+
+"It is well that there should be a sifting of the wheat from the chaff,"
+said Marcianus. "Too long have we had wolves masquerading among us clothed
+in sheepskins. See!" He threw back his mantle, and extended his hand. "On
+my way hither, I passed by the fountain of Nemausus, and none were there.
+Then my soul was wrath within me at the idolatry and worship of devils
+that goes on in the temple and about the basin. So I took up a stone, and
+I climbed upon the pedestal, and I beat till I had broken this off." Then
+he rolled an alabaster sculptured head on the floor. With a contemptuous
+kick, he sent it spinning. "This is their god Nemausus. A deacon of
+Christ's Church, with a bit of stone, is able to break his neck, and carry
+off his head!" Then he laughed. But none laughed in response.
+
+A thrill of dismay ran through the assembly.
+
+A woman fell into hysterics and screamed. Some called out that she
+prophesied, others that she spake with tongues. Baudillas appeased the
+excitement. "The tongue she speaks," said he, "is the Ligurian of the
+Cebennae, and all she says is that she wishes she were safe with her
+children in the mountains, and had never come into the town. Now, indeed,
+it seems that the evil days foreseen by Pantilius Narbo will come on the
+Church. The people might forget that the god was robbed of his victim, but
+not that his image has been defaced."
+
+"Well done, I say!" shouted a man, thrusting himself forward. His face was
+inflamed and his eyes dazed. "I--I, Tarsius the slave, and Marcianus, the
+deacon, are the only Christians with any pluck about us. Cowards that ye
+all are, quaking at the moment of danger--hares, ye are, hares afraid of
+the whistling of the wind in the grass. I--I----"
+
+"Remove that man," said the bishop. "He has been drinking."
+
+"I--I drinking. I have supped the precious Ambrussian wine, too good for
+the rag-tag. Dost think I would pour out to him who binds brooms? Or to
+her--a washerwoman from the mountains? Ambrussian wine for such as
+appreciate good things--gold as amber, thick as oil, sweet as honey."
+
+"Remove him," said the bishop firmly.
+
+Hands were laid on the fellow.
+
+Then turning to Marcianus, Castor said sternly, "You have acted
+inconsiderately and wrongly, against the decrees of the Fathers."
+
+"Aye!--of men who were timorous, and forbade others doing that from which
+they shrank themselves. I have not so learned Christ."
+
+"Thou thyself mayest be strong," said Castor, "but thine act will bring
+the tempest upon the Church, and it will fall upon the weak and young."
+
+"Such as cannot stand against the storm are good for naught," said
+Marcianus. "But the storm is none of my brewing. It had arisen before I
+intervened. The escape of the lady Perpetua from the fountain--that was the
+beginning, I have but added the final stroke."
+
+"Thou hast acted very wrongly," said the bishop. "May God, the God of all
+comfort, strengthen us to stand in the evil day. In very truth, the powers
+of darkness will combine against the Church. The lightnings will indeed
+flash, the sheep be scattered, and those revealed whom we have esteemed to
+be true disciples of Christ, but who are far from Him in heart. Many that
+are first shall be last, and the last first. It is ever so in the Kingdom
+of Christ--hark!"
+
+Suddenly a strange, a terrible sound was heard--a loud, hoarse note, like a
+blast blown through a triton's shell, but far louder; it seemed to pass in
+the air over the house, and set the tiles quivering. Every wall vibrated
+to it, and every heart thrilled as well. Men rushed into the _atrium_ and
+looked up at the night sky. Stars twinkled. Nothing extraordinary was
+visible. But those who looked expected to see some fire-breathing monster
+flying athwart the dark, heavenly vault, braying; and others again cried
+out that this was the trumpet of the archangel, and that the end of all
+things was come.
+
+Then said Marcianus, "It is the voice of the devil Nemausus! He has thus
+shouted before."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER IX
+
+                              STARS IN WATER
+
+
+As an excuse for not appearing in time at the Agape, Castor had asserted
+that he had been engaged on his Master's work elsewhere. That was true. He
+had been at the house of the timber merchant as we have seen, and he had
+been detained by AEmilius as he left it. This latter had been lying on his
+bed resting, whilst his garments were being dried.
+
+He had overheard what had passed in the room of the dying woman.
+
+When the bishop went forth, then AEmilius rose from his bed, cast the ample
+toga about him, and walked forth. He caught Castor as he descended to the
+water's edge to be paddled away.
+
+After a short salutation, the young lawyer said: "A word with you, sir, if
+your time is as generously to be disposed of to a stranger as it is
+lavished on the poor and sick."
+
+"I am at your service," answered the bishop.
+
+"My name," said the young man, "is AEmilius Lentulus Varo. My profession is
+the law. I am not, I believe, unknown in Nemausus, or at Arelate, where
+also I have an office. But you, sir, may not have heard of me--we have
+assuredly never met. Your age and gravity of demeanor belong to a social
+group other than mine. You mix with the wise, the philosophers, and not
+with such butterflies as myself, who am a ridiculous pleasure
+seeker--seeking and never finding. If I am not in error, you are Castor
+Lepidus Villoneos, of an ancient magisterial family in Nemausus and the
+reputed head of the Christian sect."
+
+"I am he," answered the bishop.
+
+"It may appear to you a piece of idle curiosity," said the young man, "if
+I put to you certain questions, and esteem it an impertinence, and so send
+me away empty. But I pray you to afford me--if thy courtesy will suffer
+it--some information concerning a matter on which I am eager to obtain
+light. I have been in the apartment adjoining that in which the mother of
+the hostess lay, and I chanced--the partition being but of plank--to
+overhear what was said. I confess that I am inquisitive to know something
+more certain of this philosophy or superstition, than what is commonly
+reported among the people. On this account, I venture to detain you, as
+one qualified to satisfy my greed for knowledge."
+
+"My time is at your disposal."
+
+"You spoke to the dying woman as though she were about to pass into a new
+life. Was that a poetic fancy or a philosophic speculation?"
+
+"It was neither, it was a religious conviction. I spoke of what I knew to
+be true."
+
+"Knew to be true!" laughed AEmilius. "How so? Have you traveled into the
+world of spirits, visited the _manes_, and returned posted up in all
+particulars concerning them?"
+
+"No. I receive the testimony from One I can trust."
+
+"One! All men are liars. I knew a fellow who related that he had fallen
+into an epileptic fit, and that during the fit his spirit had crossed the
+Styx. But as he had no penny wherewith to pay the fare, I did not believe
+him. Moreover, he never told the story twice alike, and in other matters
+was an arrant liar."
+
+"Whom would you believe?"
+
+"None, nothing save my own experience."
+
+"Not Him who made and who sustains your existence, my good sir?"
+
+"Yes, if I knew Him and were assured He spoke."
+
+"That is the assurance I have."
+
+AEmilius shook his head. "When, how, where, and by whom did He declare to
+men that there is a life beyond the tomb?"
+
+"The _when_ was in the principate of Tiberius Caesar, the _how_ was by the
+mouth of His only-begotten Son, the _where_ was in Palestine."
+
+The young lawyer laughed. "There is not a greater rogue and liar on the
+face of the earth than a Jew. I cannot believe in a revelation made
+elsewhere than at the center of the world, in the city of Rome."
+
+"Rome is the center of the world to you--but is it so to the infinite God?"
+
+AEmilius shrugged his shoulders contemptuously. "I am a lawyer. I ask for
+evidence. And I would not trust the word of a Jew against that of a common
+Gaulish peasant."
+
+"Nor need you. The witness is in yourself."
+
+"I do not understand you."
+
+"Have not all men, at all times and everywhere desired to know what is to
+be their condition after death? Does not every barbarous people harbor the
+conviction that there is a future life? Do not you civilized Romans,
+though you have no evidence, act as though there were such a life, and
+testify thereto on your monumental cenotaphs?"
+
+"I allow all that. But what of it?"
+
+"How comes it that there should be such a conviction based on no grounds
+whatever, but a vague longing, unless there were such a reality provided
+for those who have this desire in them? Would the Creator of man mock him?
+Would He put this hunger into him unless it were to be satisfied? You have
+eyes that crave for the light, and the light exists that satisfies this
+longing! You have ears that desire sounds, and the world is full of voices
+that meet this desire. Where there is a craving there is ever a reality
+that corresponds with and gives repose to that desire. Look," said the
+bishop, and pointed to the water in which were reflected the stars that
+now began to glitter in the sky. "Do you see all those twinkling points in
+the still water? They correspond to the living luminaries set above in the
+vault. You in your soul have these reflections--sometimes seen, sometimes
+obscured, but ever returning. They answer to realities in the celestial
+world overhead. The reflections could not be in your nature unless they
+existed in substance above."
+
+"There is a score of other things we long after in vain here."
+
+"What things? I believe I know. Purity, perfection, justice. Well, you do
+not find them here entire--only in broken glints. But these glints assure
+you that in their integrity they do exist."
+
+A boat was propelled through the water. It broke the reflections, that
+disappeared or were resolved into a very dust of sparkles. As the wavelets
+subsided, however, the reflections reformed.
+
+Castor walked up and down beside AEmilius in silence for a few turns, then
+said:--
+
+"The world is full of inequalities and injustices. One man suffers
+privation, another is gorged. One riots in luxury at the expense of the
+weak. Is there to be no righting of wrongs? no justice to be ever done? If
+there be a God over all, He must, if just--and who can conceive of God,
+save as perfectly just?--He must, I say, deal righteous judgment and smooth
+out all these creases; and how can he do so, unless there be a condition
+of existence after death in which the wrongs may be redressed, the evil-
+doers be punished, and tears be wiped away?"
+
+"There is philosophy in this."
+
+"Have you not in your conscience a sense of right as distinct from
+wrong--obscured often, but ever returning--like the reflection of the stars
+in the water? How comes it there unless there be the verities above?
+Unless your Maker so made you as to reflect them in your spirit?"
+
+AEmilius said nothing.
+
+"Have you not in you a sense of the sacredness of Truth, and a loathing
+for falsehood? How comes that, unless implanted in you by your Creator,
+who is Truth itself?"
+
+"But we know not--in what is of supreme interest to us--in matters connected
+with the gods, what our duties, what our destiny--what is the Truth."
+
+"Young man," said the bishop, "thou art a seeker after the kingdom of
+Heaven. One word further, and I must leave thee. Granted there are these
+scintillations within--"
+
+"Yes, I grant this."
+
+"And that they be reflections of verities above."
+
+"Possibly."
+
+"Whence else come they?"
+
+AEmilius did not, could not answer.
+
+"Then," said Castor, "is it not antecedently probable that the God who
+made man, and put into his nature this desire after truth, virtue,
+holiness, justice, aye, and this hunger after immortality, should reveal
+to man that without which man is unable to direct his life aright, attain
+to the perfection of his being, and look beyond death with confidence?"
+
+"If there were but such a revelation!"
+
+"I say--is it conceivable that the Creator should not make it?"
+
+"Thou givest me much food for thought," said the lawyer.
+
+"Digest it--looking at the reflection of the stars in the water--aye! and
+recall what is told by Aristotle of Xenophanes, how that casting his eyes
+upward at the immensity of heaven, he declared _The One_ is God. That
+conviction, at which the philosopher arrived at the summit of his
+research, is the starting point of the Christian child. Farewell. We shall
+meet again. I commend thee to Him who set the stars in heaven above, and
+the lights in thine own dim soul."
+
+Then the bishop sought a boat, and was rowed in the direction of the town.
+
+AEmilius remained by the lagoon.
+
+Words such as these he had heard were novel. The thoughts given him to
+meditate on were so deep and strange that he could not receive them at
+once.
+
+The night was now quite dark, and the stars shone with a brilliancy to
+which we are unaccustomed in the North, save on frosty winter nights.
+
+The Milky Way formed a sort of crescent to the north, and enveloped
+Cassiopeia's Chair in its nebulous light. To the west blazed Castor and
+Pollux, and the changing iridescent fire of Algol reflected its varying
+colors in the water.
+
+AEmilius looked up. What those points of light were, none could say. How
+was it that they maintained their order of rising and setting? None could
+answer. Who ruled the planets? That they obeyed a law, was obvious, but by
+whom was that law imposed?
+
+AEmilius paced quicker, with folded arms and bowed head, looking into the
+water. The heavens were an unsolved riddle. The earth also was a riddle,
+without interpretation. Man himself was an enigma, to which there was no
+solution. Was all in heaven, in earth, to remain thus locked up,
+unexplained?
+
+How was it that planets and constellations fulfilled the law imposed on
+them without deviation, and man knew not a law, lived in the midst of a
+cobweb of guesses, entangling himself in the meshes of vain speculations,
+and was not shown the commandment he must obey? Why had the Creator
+implanted in his soul such noble germs, if they were not to fructify--if
+only to languish for lack of light?
+
+Again he lifted his eyes to the starry vault, and repeated what had been
+said of Xenophanes, "Gazing on the immensity of heaven, he declared that
+the One was God." And then, immediately looking down into the depths of
+his own heart, he added: "And He is reflected here. Would that I knew
+Him."
+
+Yet how was he to attain the desired knowledge? On all sides were
+religious quacks offering their nostrums. What guarantee did Christianity
+offer, that it was other than the wild and empty speculations that
+swarmed, engaged and disappointed the minds of inquirers?
+
+Unconscious how time passed, AEmilius paced the bank. Then he stood still,
+looking dreamily over the calm water. A couple of months more and the air
+would be alive with fire-flies that would cluster on every reed, that
+would waver in dance above the surface of the lagoon, tens of thousands of
+drifting stars reflecting themselves in the water, and by their effulgence
+disturbing the light of the stars also there mirrored.
+
+Thinking of this, AEmilius laughed.
+
+"So is it," said he, "in the world of philosophic thought and religious
+aspiration. The air is full of fire-flies. They seem to be brilliant
+torch-bearers assuring us guidance, but they are only vile grubs, and they
+float above the festering pool that breeds malarial fevers. Where is the
+truth, where?"
+
+From the distant city sounded a hideous din, like the bellow of a gigantic
+bull.
+
+AEmilius laughed bitterly.
+
+"I know what that is, it is the voice of the god--so say the priestesses of
+Nemausus. It is heard at rare intervals. But the mason who made my baths
+at Ad Fines, explained it to me. He had been engaged on the temple and saw
+how a brazen instrument like a shell of many convolutions had been
+contrived in the walls and concealed, so that one woman's breath could
+sound it and produce such a bellow as would shake the city. Bah! one
+religion is like another, founded on impostures. What are the stars of
+heaven but fire-flies of a higher order, of superior flight? We follow
+them and stumble into the mire, and are engulfed in the slough."
+
+
+
+
+
+                                CHAPTER X
+
+                               LOCUTUS EST!
+
+
+Every house in Nemausus thrilled with life. Sleep was driven from the
+drowsiest heads. The tipsy were sobered at once. Those banqueting desisted
+from conversation. Music was hushed. Men rushed into the street. The
+beasts in the amphitheater, startled by the strange note, roared and
+howled. Slowly the chief magistrate rose, sent to summon an edile, and
+came forth. He was not quick of movement; it took him some time to resolve
+whether he or his brother magistrate was responsible for order; when he
+did issue forth, then he found the streets full, and that all men in them
+were talking excitedly.
+
+The god Nemausus, the _archegos_, the divine founder and ancestor had
+spoken. His voice was rarely heard. It was told that before the Cimbri and
+Teutones had swept over the province, he had shouted. That had been in
+ages past; of late he had been sparing in the exercise of his voice. He
+was said to have cried out at the great invasion of the Helvetii, that had
+been arrested by Julius Caesar; again to have trumpeted at the outbreak of
+Civilis and Julius Sabinus, which, however, had never menaced Narbonese
+Gaul, though at the time the god had called the worst was anticipated. The
+last time he had been heard was at the revolt of Vindex that preceded the
+fall of Nero.
+
+Some young skeptics whispered: "By Hercules, the god has a brazen throat."
+
+"It is his hunting horn that peals to call attention. What he will say
+will be revealed to the priestess."
+
+"Or what the priestess wishes to have believed is his message."
+
+But this incredulous mood was exhibited by very few. None ventured openly
+to scoff.
+
+"The god hath spoken!" this was the cry through the streets and the forum.
+Every man asked his fellow what it signified. Some cried out that the
+prince--the divine Aurelius Antoninus (Caracalla)--had been assassinated,
+just as he was about to start from Rome for Gaul. Others that the
+privileges of the city and colony were going to be abrogated. But one said
+to his fellow, "I augured ill when we heard that the god had been cheated
+of his due. No marvel he is out of humor, for Perpetua is esteemed the
+prettiest virgin in Nemausus."
+
+"I wonder that the rescue passed off without notice being taken of the
+affair by the magistrates."
+
+"Bah! it is the turn of the Petronius Alacinus now, and he will not bestir
+himself unnecessarily. So long as the public peace be not broken----"
+
+"But it was--there was a riot, a conflict."
+
+"A farcical fight with wind-bags. Not a man was hurt, not a drop of blood
+flowed. The god will not endure to be balked and his sacrifice made into a
+jest."
+
+"He is hoarse with rage."
+
+"What does it all mean?"
+
+Then said a stout man: "My good friend, it means that which always happens
+when the priesthood is alarmed and considers that its power is menaced--its
+credit is shaken. It will ask for blood."
+
+"There has been a great falling off of late in the worshipers of the gods
+and in attendance at the games."
+
+"This comes of the spread of the pestilent sect of the Christians. They
+are the enemies of the human race. They eat little children. The potter
+Fusius lost his son last week, aged six, and they say it was sacrificed by
+these sectaries, who stuck needles into it."
+
+"Bah! the body was found in the channel of the stream the child had fallen
+in."
+
+"I heard it was found half eaten," said a third.
+
+"Rats, rats," explained another standing by.
+
+"Well, these Christians refuse to venerate the images of the Augustus, and
+therefore are foes to the commonwealth. They should be rooted out."
+
+"You are right there. As to their religious notions--who cares about them?
+Let them adore what they will--onions like the Egyptians, stars like the
+Chaldeans, a sword like the Scythians--that is nothing to us; but when they
+refuse to swear by the Emperor and to offer sacrifice for the welfare of
+the empire then, I say, they are bad citizens, and should be sent to the
+lions."
+
+"The lions," laughed the stout man, "seem to respond to the voice, which
+sounded in their ears, 'Dinner for you, good beasts!' Well, may we have
+good sport at the games founded by Domitius Afer. I love to lie in bed
+when the _circius_ (mistral) howls and the snowflakes fly. Then one feels
+snug and enjoys the contrast. So in the amphitheater one realizes the
+blessedness of life when one looks on at wretches in the hug of the bear,
+or being mumbled by lions, or played with by panthers."
+
+Perhaps the only man whom the blast did not startle was Tarsius, the
+inebriated slave, who had been expelled the house of Baudillas, and who
+was engrossed only with his own wrongs, and who departed swearing that he
+excommunicated the Church, not the Church him. He muttered threats; he
+stood haranguing on his own virtues, his piety, his generosity of spirit;
+he recorded many acts of charity he had done. "And I--I to be turned out!
+They are a scurvy lot. Not worthy of me. I will start a sect of my own,
+see if I do not."
+
+Whilst reeling along, growling, boasting, confiding his wrongs to the
+walls on each side, he ran against Callipodius just as the words were in
+his mouth: "I am a better Christian than all of them. I don't affect
+sanctimoniousness in aspect, but I am sound, sound in my life--a plain,
+straight-walking man."
+
+"Are you so?" asked Callipodius. "Then I wish you would not festoon in
+such a manner as to lurch against me. You are a Christian. Hard times are
+coming for such as you."
+
+"Aye, aye! I am a Christian. I don't care who knows it. I'm not the man to
+lapse or buy a _libellus_,(5) though they have turned me out."
+
+Callipodius caught the fellow by the shoulder and shook him.
+
+"Man," said he. "Ah, a slave! I recognize you. You are of the family of
+Julius Largus Litomarus, the wool merchant. Come with me. The games are in
+a few days, and the director of the sports has been complaining that he
+wanted more prisoners to cast to the beasts. I have you in the nick of
+time. I heard you with these ears confess yourself to be a Christian, and
+the sole worthy one in the town. You are the man for us--plump and juicy,
+flushed with wine. By the heavenly twins, what a morsel you will make for
+the panthers! Come with me. If you resist I will summon the crowd, then
+perhaps they will elect to have you crucified. Come quietly, and it shall
+be panthers, not the cross. I will conduct you direct to the magistrate
+and denounce you."
+
+"I pray you! I beseech you! I was talking nonsense. I was enacting a part
+for the theater. I am no Christian; I was, but I have been turned out,
+excommunicated. My master and mistress believe, and just to please them
+and to escape stripes, and get a few favors such as are not granted to the
+others, I have--you understand." The slave winked.
+
+Beside Callipodius was a lad bearing a torch. He held it up and the flare
+fell over the face of the now sobered Tarsius.
+
+"Come with me, fellow," said Callipodius. "Nothing will save you but
+perfect obedience and compliance with what I direct. Hark! was not that
+the howl of the beasts. Mehercule! they snuff you already. My good friend
+AEmilius Lentulus Varo, the lawyer, will be your patron; a strong man. But
+you must answer my questions. Do you know the Lady Quincta and her
+daughter? Quincta is the widow of Harpinius Laeto."
+
+"Aye, aye! the wench was fished out of the pond to-day."
+
+"That is right. Where are they, do you know their house?"
+
+"Yes, but they are not at home now."
+
+"Where are they then?"
+
+"Will you denounce them?" asked the slave nervously.
+
+"On the contrary. They are menaced. I seek to save them."
+
+"Oh! if that be all, I am your man. They are in the mansion of Baudillas,
+yonder--that is--but mum, I say! I must not speak. They kicked me out, but I
+am not ungenerous. I will denounce nobody. But if you want to save the
+ladies, I will help you with alacrity. They charged me with being
+drunk--not the ladies--the bishop did that--more shame to him. I but rinsed
+out my mouth with the Ambrussian. Every drop clear as amber. Ah, sir! in
+your cellar have you----"
+
+A rush of people up the street shouting, "The will of the god! the will of
+the god! It is being proclaimed in the forum."
+
+They swept round Callipodius and the slave, spinning them, as leaves are
+spun in a corner by an eddy of wind, then swept forward in the direction
+of the great square.
+
+"Come aside with me, fellow," said Callipodius, darting after the slave
+who was endeavoring to slink away. "What is your name? I know only your
+face marked by a scar."
+
+"Tarsius, at your service, sir!"
+
+"Good Tarsius, here is money, and I undertake to furnish you with a bottle
+of my best old Ambrussian for your private tipple, or to make merry
+therewith with your friends. Be assured, no harm is meant. The priests of
+Nemausus seek to recover possession of the lady Perpetua, and it is my aim
+to smuggle her away to a place of security. Do thou watch the door, and I
+will run and provide litters and porters. Do thou assure the ladies that
+the litters are sent to convey them in safety to where they will not be
+looked for; say thy master's house. I will answer for the rest. Hast thou
+access to them?"
+
+"Aye! I know the pass-word. And though I have been expelled, yet in the
+confusion and alarm I may be suffered again to enter."
+
+"Very excellent. Thou shalt have thy flask and an ample reward. Say that
+the litters are sent by thy master, Largus Litomarus."
+
+"Right, sir! I will do thy bidding."
+
+Then Callipodius hastened in the direction of the habitation of AEmilius.
+
+Meanwhile the forum filled with people, crowding on one another, all
+quivering with excitement. Above were the stars. Here and there below,
+torches. Presently the chief magistrate arrived with his lictors, and a
+maniple of soldiers to keep order and make a passage through the mob
+between the Temple of Nemausus and the forum.
+
+Few women were present. Such as were, belonged to the lowest of the
+people. But there were boys and men, old and young, slaves, artisans,
+freedmen, and citizens.
+
+Among the ignorant and the native population the old Paganism had a strong
+hold, and their interests attached a certain number of all classes to it.
+But the popular Paganism was not a religion affecting the lives by the
+exercise of moral control. It was devoid of any ethic code. It consisted
+in a system of sacrifice to obtain a good journey, to ward off fevers, to
+recover bad debts, to banish blight and mildew. The superstitious lived in
+terror lest by some ill-considered act, by some neglect, they should incur
+the wrath of the jealous gods and bring catastrophe on themselves or their
+town. They were easily excited by alarm, and were unreasonable in their
+selfish fervor.
+
+Ever in anticipation of some disaster, an earthquake, a murrain, fire or
+pestilence, they were ready to do whatever they were commanded, so as to
+avert danger from themselves. The words of the Apostle to the Hebrews
+describing the Gentiles as being through fear of death all their lifetime
+subject to bondage, were very true. The ignorant and superstitious may be
+said to have existed on the verge of a panic, always in terror lest their
+gods should hurt them, and cringing to them in abject deprecation of evil.
+It was this fear for themselves and their substance that rendered them
+cruel.
+
+The procession came from the temple. Torches were borne aloft, a long
+wavering line of lurid fire, and vessels were carried in which danced
+lambent flames that threw out odoriferous fumes.
+
+First came the priests; they walked with their heads bowed and their arms
+folded across their breasts, and with fillets of wool around their heads.
+Then followed the priestesses shrouded in sable mantles over their white
+tunics. All moved in silence. A hush fell on the multitude. Nothing was
+heard in the stillness save the tramp of feet in rhythm. When the
+procession had reached the forum, the chief priestess ascended the
+rostrum, and the flambeau-bearers ranged themselves in a half-circle
+below. She was a tall, splendidly formed woman, with profuse dark hair, an
+ivory complexion, flashing black eyes under heavy brows.
+
+Suddenly she raised her arms and extended them, letting the black pall
+drop from her shoulders, and reveal her in a woven silver robe, like a web
+of moonlight, and with white bare arms. In her right she bore an ivory
+silver-bound wand with mistletoe bound about it, every berry of
+translucent stone.
+
+Then amidst dead silence she cried: "The god hath spoken, he who founded
+this city, from whom are sprung its ancient patrician families, who
+supplieth you with crystal water from his urn. The holy one demands that
+she who hath been taken from him be surrendered to him again, and that
+punishment be inflicted on the Christians who have desecrated his statue.
+If this, his command, be not fulfilled, then will he withhold the waters,
+and deliver over the elect city to be a desolation, the haunt of the
+lizard and the owl and bat. To the lions with the Christians! _Locutus est
+Divus Archegos!_"
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XI
+
+                                PALANQUINS
+
+
+With the exception of the bishop, Marcianus, and a few others, all
+assembled at the Agape were struck with the liveliest terror. They
+entertained no doubt but that the sound that shook the walls was provoked
+by the outrage on the image of the tutelary god, following on the rescue
+of the victim allotted to him.
+
+The pagan inhabitants of Nemausus were roused to exasperation. The
+priesthood would employ every available means to work this resentment to a
+paroxysm, and the result would be riot and murder, perhaps an organized
+persecution.
+
+It must be understood that although the Roman State recognized other
+religions than the established paganism, as that of the Jews, and allowed
+the votaries freedom of worship, yet Christianity was not of this number.
+It was in itself illegal, and any magistrate, at his option, in any place
+and at any time, might put the laws in force against the members of the
+Church. Not only so, but any envious, bigoted, or resentful person might
+compel a magistrate to take cognizance of the presence of Christians in
+the district under his jurisdiction, and require him to capitally convict
+those brought before him.
+
+The system in the Roman Commonwealth for the maintenance of order was that
+every man was empowered to act as spy upon and delate another. Any man
+might accuse his neighbor, his brother, before the court; and if he could
+prove his charge, the magistrate had no option--he must sentence.
+Consequently the Christians depended for their safety on the favor of
+their fellow-citizens, on their own abstention from giving offence.
+
+The sole protection against false accusations in the Roman Commonwealth
+lay in the penalties to which an accuser was subject should he fail to
+establish his charge. But as on conviction a portion of the estate of the
+guilty person was handed over to the accuser, there was an inducement to
+delation.
+
+Under the Julian and Claudian Caesars the system had worked terribly. An
+entire class of men made denunciation their trade. They grew rich on the
+spoils of their victims, they spared none, and the judges themselves lived
+in fear of them. The evil became so intolerable that measures were taken
+to accentuate the risk to the accusers. If the Christians were not oftener
+denounced, the reason was that in the event of one lapsing, and through
+terror or pain abjuring Christ, then immediately the tables were turned,
+and the accuser was placed in danger of his life.
+
+When an Emperor issued an edict against the Christians he enacted no new
+law; he merely required that the existing laws should be put in force
+against them, and all risk to delators was removed in that no delation was
+exacted. On such an occasion every citizen and householder was required to
+appear before the court and offer a few grains of incense on an altar to
+the genius of the empire or of the prince. Should any one refuse to do
+this, then he was convicted of high treason and delivered over to the
+executioner to be either tortured or put to death off-hand. When the
+magistrate deemed it important to obtain a recantation, then he had
+recourse to the rack, iron hooks, torches, thumbscrews as means of forcing
+the prisoner through pain to abjure Christ.
+
+The Christians in Nemausus had lived in complete tranquillity. There had
+been no persecution. They had multiplied.
+
+The peace enjoyed by the Church had been to it of a mixed advantage. Many
+had been included whose conversion was due to questionable motives. Some
+had joined through sincere conviction; more from conviction seasoned with
+expectation of advantage. The poor had soon learned that a very rich and
+abundant stream of charity flowed in the Church, that in it the sick and
+feeble were cared for and their necessities were supplied, whereas in the
+established paganism no regard was paid to the needy and suffering. Among
+the higher classes there were adherents who attached themselves to the
+Church rather because they disbelieved in heathenism than that they held
+to the Gospel. Some accepted the truth with the head, but their hearts
+remained untouched.
+
+None had given freer expression to his conviction that there were weak-
+kneed and unworthy members than Marcianus the deacon. He had remonstrated
+with the bishop, he had scolded, repelled, but without effect. And now he
+had taken a daring step, the consequence of which would be that the
+members of the community would indeed be put to the test whether they were
+for Christ or Mammon. The conviction that a time of trial was come broke
+on the community like a thundercloud, and produced a panic. Many doubted
+their constancy, all shrank from being brought to a trial of their faith.
+The congregation in the house of Baudillas, when it had recovered from the
+first shock, resolved itself into groups agitated by various passions.
+Some launched into recrimination against Marcianus, who had brought them
+into jeopardy; some consulted in whispers how to escape the danger; a few
+fell into complete stupefaction of mind, unable to decide on any course.
+Others, again, abandoned themselves to despair and shrieked forth
+hysterical lamentations. Some crowded around Castor, clung to his garments
+and entreated him to save them. Others endeavored to escape from a place
+and association that would compromise them, by the back entrance to the
+servants' portion of the house.
+
+A few, a very few maintained their composure, and extending their arms
+fell to prayer.
+
+Baudillas hurried from one party to another uttering words of reassurance,
+but his face was blanched, his voice quivered, and he was obviously
+employing formal expressions that conveyed no strength to his own heart.
+Marcianus, with folded arms, looked at him scornfully, and as he passed,
+said, "The bishop should not have ordained such an unstable and quaking
+being as thyself to serve in the sacred ministry."
+
+"Ah, brother," sighed Baudillas, "it is with me as with Peter. The spirit
+truly is willing, but the flesh is weak."
+
+"That was spoken of him," answered Marcianus, "before Pentecost and the
+outpouring of the spirit of strength. Such timidity, such feebleness are
+unworthy of a Christian."
+
+"Pray for me that my faith fail not," said Baudillas, and passed on. By
+action he deadened his fears. Now came in Pedo, the old servant of the
+house, who had been sent forth to reconnoiter. His report was not
+reassuring. The mob was sweeping through the streets, and insisting on
+every household producing an image at its doors and placing a light before
+it. There were fuglemen who directed the crowd, which had been divided
+into bands to perambulate every division of the town and make inquisition
+of every house. The mob had begun by breaking into such dwellings as were
+not protected by an image, and wrecking them. But after one or two of such
+acts of violence, the magistrates had interfered, and although they
+suffered the people to assemble before the houses and to clamor for the
+production of an image and a light, yet they sent _vigiles_ (_i.e._, the
+watch) to guard such dwellings as remained undecorated. When the master of
+the house refused obedience to the mandate of the mob, then an officer
+ordered him to open the door, and he summoned him to appear next day in
+court and there do sacrifice. By this means the mob was satisfied and
+passed on without violence.
+
+But as the crowd marched down the streets it arrested every man and woman
+that was encountered, and insisted on their swearing by the gods and
+blaspheming Christ.
+
+Castor ordered the congregation to depart by twos and by threes, to take
+side alleys, and to avoid the main thoroughfares. This was possible, as
+the _posticum_, a back door, communicated with a mean street that had the
+city wall for one side.
+
+"My sons and daughters in Christ," said the bishop with composure,
+"remember that greater is He that is with us than those that be against
+us. When the servant of Elisha feared, then the Lord opened his eyes that
+he might behold the angels with chariots and horses of fire prepared to
+defend His servant. Avoid danger, but if it cannot be avoided stand firm.
+Remember His words, 'He that confesseth me before men, him will I also
+confess before my Father which is in heaven.'"
+
+As soon as all had departed, but not till then, did Castor leave.
+Marcianus turned with a sneer to his fellow-deacon and said, "Fly! you
+have full license from the bishop; and he sets the example himself."
+
+"I must tarry in my own house," answered Baudillas. "I have the ladies
+Quincta and Perpetua under my protection. They cannot return to their home
+until they be fetched."
+
+"So! they lean on a broken reed such as thee!"
+
+"Alack! they have none other to trust to."
+
+"The mob is descending our street," cried the slave, Pedo, limping in.
+
+"What are we to do?" asked Quincta trembling. "If they discover me and my
+daughter here we are undone. They will tear her from my arms."
+
+The deacon Baudillas clasped his hands to his head. Then his slave said:
+"Master, Tarsius is at the door with litters and bearers. He saith he hath
+been sent for the lady Perpetua."
+
+"And for me?" asked Quincta eagerly.
+
+"And for thee also, lady. It is said that guards are observing thy house
+and that, therefore, thy slaves cannot venture hither. Therefore, so says
+Tarsius, his master, the wool-merchant, Julius Largus, hath sent his
+litters and porters."
+
+"But his house will be visited!"
+
+"The bearers have instructions as to what shall be done."
+
+"This is strange," said Quincta. "I did not suppose that Largus Litomarus
+would have shown such consideration. We are not acquainted--indeed we
+belong to different classes----"
+
+"Yet are ye one in Christ," said the deacon. "Call in Tarsius, he shall
+explain the matter. But let him be speedy or the rabble will be on us."
+
+"They are at the head of the street," said the slave, "and visit the door
+of Terentius Cominius."
+
+"He believes."
+
+"And he has set out a figure of the Good Shepherd before his door with a
+lamp. The crowd regards it as a Mercury and has cheered and gone on to the
+next door."
+
+Tarsius, thoroughly recovered from his intoxication, was now admitted. He
+looked none in the face, and stumbled through his tale. Julius Largus
+Litomarus had bidden him offer his litters; there were curtains closing
+them, and his servants would convey the ladies to a place of security.
+
+Quincta was too frightened, too impatient to be off, to question the man,
+nor was the deacon more nice in inquiry, for he also was in a condition of
+nervous unrest.
+
+The shouts of the mob could be heard.
+
+"I do not wholly trust this man," said Baudillas. "He was expelled for
+misconduct. Yet, what can we do? Time presses! Hark!--in a brief space the
+rabble will be here. Next house is a common lodging and will not detain
+them. Would that Marcianus had remained. He could have advised us. Madam,
+act as you think best."
+
+"The mob is on the move," said Pedo. "They have been satisfied at the
+house of Dulcius Liber, and now Septimus Philadelphus is bringing out
+half-a-dozen gods. Master--there is not a moment to be lost."
+
+"Let us fly--quick!" gasped Quincta.
+
+She plucked her daughter's arm, and fairly dragged her along the passage
+out of the house.
+
+In the street they saw a flare. The rabble, held in control by some
+directing spirit, was furnished with torches. It was roaring outside a
+house, impatient because no statue was produced, and proceeded to throw
+stones and batter the door.
+
+"That house is empty," whispered Pedo. "The master was bankrupt and
+everything sold. There is not a person in it."
+
+Quincta mounted the _lectica_ or palanquin that was offered, without
+looking whether her daughter were safe, and allowed the bearers, nay urged
+them, to start at a trot.
+
+Tarsius remained behind. He handed Perpetua into the second closed litter,
+then gave the word, and ran beside it, holding the curtains together with
+one hand.
+
+Baudillas trembling for himself was now left alone.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XII
+
+                                   REUS
+
+
+"Master!" said the old slave, moving uneasily on his stiff joint, before
+the even more nervously agitated master, "Master, there is the freedwoman
+Glyceria below, who comes in charing. She has brought an idol of Tarranus
+under her cloak, and offers to set that with a lamp before the door. She
+is not a believer, she worships devils, but is a good soul and would save
+us. She awaits your permission."
+
+The deacon was profoundly moved.
+
+"It must not be! It may not be! I--I am a deacon of the Church. This is
+known to be a Christian household. The Church is in my house, and here the
+divine mysteries are celebrated. If she had not asked my leave, and
+had--if--but no, I cannot sanction this. God strengthen me, I am distracted
+and weak." The slave remained. He expected that his master in the end
+would yield.
+
+"And yet," stammered Baudillas, "He hath compassion on the infirm and
+feeble. He forgave Peter. May He not pardon me if--? Glyceria is a heathen
+woman. She does not belong to my family. I did not propose this. I am not
+responsible for her acts. But no--it would be a betrayal of the truth, a
+dishonor to the Church. He that confesseth me before men--no, no, Pedo, it
+may not be."
+
+"And now it is too late," said the slave. "They are at the door."
+
+Blows resounded through the house, and the roar of voices from the street
+surged up over the roof, and poured in through the opening over the
+_impluvium_. It was as though a mighty sea were thundering against the
+house and the waves curled over it and plunged in through the gap above
+the court.
+
+"You must open, Pedo. I will run upstairs for a moment and compose myself.
+Then--if it must be--but do not suffer the rabble to enter. If a prefect be
+there, or his underling and soldiers, let them keep the door. Say I shall
+be down directly. Yet stay--is the _posticum_ available for escape?"
+
+"Sir--the mob have detailed a party to go to the backs of the houses and
+watch every way of exit."
+
+"Then it is God's will that I be taken. I cannot help myself. I am glad I
+said No to the offer of Glyceria."
+
+The deacon ascended a flight of limestone steps to the upper story. The
+slabs were worn and cracked, and had not been repaired owing to his
+poverty. He entered a room that looked out on the street, and went to the
+window.
+
+The street above his doorway was dense with people, below it was
+completely empty. Torches threw up a glare illumining the white facades of
+the houses. He saw a sea of heads below. He heard the growl of voices
+breaking into a foam of coarse laughter. Curses uttered against the
+Christians, blasphemies against Christ, words of foulness, threats, brutal
+jests, formed the matter of the hubbub below. A man bearing a white wand
+with a sprig of artificial mistletoe at the end, gave directions to the
+people where to go, where to stop, what to do. He was the head of the
+branch of the guild of the Cultores Nemausi for that portion of the town.
+
+Someone in the mob lifting his face, looked up and saw the deacon at the
+window, and at once shouted, "There! there he is! Baudillas Macer, come
+down, sacrilegious one! That is he who carried the maiden away."
+
+Then rose hoots and yells, and a boy putting his hands together and
+blowing produced an unearthly scream.
+
+"He is one of them! He is a ringleader! He has an ass's head in the house
+to which he sacrifices our little ones. He it was who stuck needles into
+the child of the potter Fusius, and then gnawed off the cheeks and
+fingers. He can inform where is the daughter of Aulus Harpinius who was
+snatched from the basin of the god. Let us avenge on him the great
+sacrilege that has been committed. It was he who struck off the head of
+the god."
+
+Then one flung a stone that crashed into the room, and had not Baudillas
+drawn back, it would have struck and thrown him down stunned.
+
+"Let the house be ransacked!" yelled the mob. "We will seek in it for the
+bones of the murdered children. Break open the door if he will not
+unfasten. Bring a ladder, we will enter by the windows. Someone ascend to
+the roof and drop into the _atrium_."
+
+Then ensued a rush against the valves, but they were too solid to yield;
+and the bars held them firm, run as they were into their sockets in the
+solid wall.
+
+The slave Pedo now knocked on the inside. This was the signal that he was
+about to open.
+
+The soldiers drew up across the entrance, and when the door was opened,
+suffered none to enter the house save the deputy of the prefect with four
+of his police, and some of the leaders of the Cultores Nemausi. And now a
+strange calm fell on the hitherto troubled spirit of Baudillas. He was
+aware that no effort he could make would enable him to escape. His knees,
+indeed, shook under him as he went to the stairs to descend, and
+forgetting that the tenth step was broken, he stumbled at it and was
+nearly precipitated to the bottom. Yet all wavering, all hesitation in his
+mind was at an end.
+
+He saw the men in the court running about, calling to each other, peering
+into every room, cubicle, and closet; one called that the cellar was the
+place in which the infamous rites of the Christians were performed and
+that there would be found amphorae filled with human blood. Then one
+shouted that in the _tablinum_ there was naught save a small table.
+Immediately after a howl rose from those who had penetrated to the
+_triclinium_, and next moment they came rushing forth in such excitement
+that they dragged down the curtain that hung before the door and entangled
+their feet in it. One, not staying to disengage himself, held up his hands
+and exhibited the broken head of the statue, that had been brought there
+by Marcianus, and by him left on the floor.
+
+"It is he who has done it! The sacrilegious one! The defacer of the holy
+image!" howled the men, and fell upon the deacon with their fists. Some
+plucked at his hair; one spat in his face. Others kicked him, and tripping
+him up, cast him his length on the ground, where they would have beaten
+and trampled the life out of him, had not the deputy of the aedile
+interfered, rescued him from the hands of his assailants and thrust him
+into a chamber at the side of the hall, saying: "He shall be brought
+before the magistrate. It is not for you to take into your hands the
+execution of criminals untried and uncondemned."
+
+Then one of the officers of the club ran to the doorway of the house, and
+cried: "Citizens of Nemausus, hearken. The author of the egregious impiety
+has been discovered. It is Cneius Baudillas Macer, who belongs to an
+ancient, though decayed, family of this town. He who should have been the
+last to dishonor the divine founder has raised his parricidal hand against
+him. He stands convicted. The head of the god has been found in the house;
+it is that recently broken off from the statue by the baths. Eheu! Eheu!
+Woe be to the city, unless this indignity be purged away."
+
+A yell of indignation rose as an answer.
+
+The slave Pedo was suffered to enter the bedroom, on the floor of which
+lay his master bruised and with his face bleeding; for some of his front
+teeth had been broken and his lips were cut.
+
+"Oh master! dear master! What is to be done?" asked the faithful creature,
+sobbing in his distress.
+
+"I wonder greatly, Pedo, how I have endured so much. My fear is lest in
+the end I fall away. I enjoin you--there is naught else you can do for
+me--seek the bishop, and ask that the prayers of the Church may go up to
+the Throne of Grace for me. I am feeble and frail. I was a frightened shy
+lad in old times. If I were to fall, it would be a shame to the Church of
+God in this town, this Church that has so many more worthy than myself in
+it."
+
+"Can I bring thee aught, master? Water and a towel?"
+
+"Nay, nothing, Pedo! Do as I bid. It is all that I now desire."
+
+The soldiers entered, raised the deacon, and made him walk between them. A
+man was placed in front, another behind to protect him against the people.
+As Baudillas was conveyed down the _ostium_, the passage to the door, he
+could see faces glowering in at him; he heard angry voices howling at him;
+an involuntary shrinking came over him, but he was irresistibly drawn
+forward by the soldiers. On being thrust through the doorway before all,
+then a great roar broke forth, fists and sticks were shaken at him, but
+none ventured to cast stones lest the soldiers should be struck.
+
+One portion of the mob now detached itself from the main body, so as to
+follow and surround the deacon and assure itself that he did not escape
+before he was consigned to the prison.
+
+The city of Nemausus, capital of the Volcae Arecomici, though included
+geographically in the province of Narbonese Gaul, was in fact an
+independent republic, not subject to the proconsul, but under Roman
+suzerainty. With twenty-four _comae_ or townships under it, it governed
+itself by popular election, and enjoyed the _lex Italica_. This little
+republic was free from land tax, and it was governed by four
+functionaries, the Quatuor-viri, two of whom looked after the finances,
+and two, like the _duum-viri_ elsewhere, were for the purpose of
+maintaining order, and the criminal jurisdiction was in their hands. Their
+title in full was _duum viri juri dicendo_, and they were annually elected
+by the senate. Their function was much that in small of the Roman consuls,
+and they were sometimes in joke entitled consuls. They presided over the
+senate and had the government of the town and state in their hands during
+their tenure of office. On leaving their office they petitioned for and
+received the right to ride horses, and were accounted knights. They wore
+the dignified _prae texta_, and were attended by two lictors.
+
+Baudillas walked between his escort. He was in a dazed condition. The
+noise, the execrations cast at him, the flashing of the torches on the
+helmets and breastplates of the guard, the glittering eyes and teeth of
+the faces peering at him, the pain from the contusions he had received
+combined to bewilder him. In the darkness and confusion of his brain, but
+one thought remained permanent and burnt like a brilliant light, his
+belief in Christ, and one desire occupied his soul, to be true to his
+faith. He was too distracted to pray. He could not rally his senses nor
+fix his ideas, but the yearning of his humble soul rose up, like the steam
+from a new turned glebe in the sun of a spring morning.
+
+In times of persecution certain strong spirits had rushed to confession
+and martyrdom in an intoxication of zeal, such as Baudillas could not
+understand. He did not think of winning the crown of martyrdom, but he
+trembled lest he should prove a castaway.
+
+Thrust forward, dragged along, now stumbling, then righted by the soldiers
+sustaining him, Baudillas was conveyed to the forum and to the basilica
+where the magistrate was seated.
+
+On account of the disturbance, the Duum-vir--we will so term him though he
+was actually one of the Quatuor-viri--he whose turn it was to maintain
+order and administer justice, had taken his place in the court, so as to
+be able to consign to custody such as were brought in by the guard on
+suspicion of being implicated in the outrage; he was there as well for the
+purpose of being ready to take measures promptly should the mob become
+unmanageable. So long as it was under control, he did not object to its
+action, but he had no thought of letting it get the upper hand. Rioters,
+like children, have a liking for fire, and if they were suffered to apply
+their torches to the houses of Christians might produce a general
+conflagration.
+
+Although the magistrates were chosen by popular election, it was not those
+who constituted the rabble who had votes, and had to be humored, but the
+citizen householders, who viewed the upheaval of the masses with jealous
+suspicion.
+
+That the proceedings should be conducted in an orderly manner,
+instructions had been issued that no arrest was to be made without there
+being someone forthcoming to act as accuser, and the soldiers were
+enjoined to protect whosoever was menaced against whom no one was prepared
+to formulate a charge which he would sustain in court.
+
+In the case of Baudillas there would be no difficulty. The man--he was the
+treasurer of the guild--who had found the mutilated head was ready to
+appear against him.
+
+The court into which the deacon was brought rapidly filled with a crowd,
+directly he had been placed in what we should now call the dock. Then the
+accuser stood up and gave his name. The magistrate accepted the
+accusation. Whereupon the accuser made oath that he acted from no private
+motive of hostility to the accused, and that he was not bribed by a third
+person to delate him. This done, he proceeded to narrate how he had
+entered the house of Baudillas, surnamed Macer, who was generally believed
+to be a minister of the sect of the Christians; how that in searching the
+house he had lighted on a mutilated head on the pavement of the
+_triclinium_. He further stated that he well knew the statue of the god
+Nemausus that stood by the fountain which supplied the lower town, and
+that he was firmly convinced that the head which he now produced had
+belonged to the statue, which statue had that very night been wantonly and
+impiously defaced. He therefore concluded that the owner of the house,
+Baudillas Macer, was either directly or indirectly guilty of the act of
+sacrilege, and he demanded his punishment in accordance with the law.
+
+This sufficed as preliminary.
+
+Baudillas was now _reus_, and as such was ordered to be conveyed to
+prison, there to be confined until the morning, when the interrogation
+would take place.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XIII
+
+                                 AD FINES
+
+
+Perpetua was carried along at a swinging trot in the closed litter, till
+the end of the street had been reached, and then, after a corner had been
+turned, the bearers relaxed their pace. It was too dark for her to see
+what were the buildings past which she was taken, even had she withdrawn
+the curtains that shut in the litter; but to withdraw these curtains would
+have required her to exert some force, as they were held together in the
+grasp of Tarsius, running and striding at the side. But, indeed, she did
+not suppose it necessary to observe the direction in which she was being
+conveyed. She had accepted in good faith the assurance that the _lectica_
+had been sent by the rich Christian wool merchant, Largus Litomarus, and
+had acquiesced in her mother's readiness to accept the offer, without a
+shadow of suspicion.
+
+God had delivered her from a watery death, and she regarded the gift as
+one to be respected; her life thus granted her was not to be wilfully
+thrown away or unnecessarily jeopardized. Unless she escaped from the
+house of the deacon, she would fall into the hands of the rabble, and this
+was a prospect more terrifying than any other. If called upon again to
+witness a good confession, she would do so, God helping her, but she was
+glad to be spared the ordeal.
+
+It was not till the porters halted, and knocked at a door, and she had
+descended from the palanquin, that some suspicion crossed her mind that
+all was not right. She looked about her, and inquired for her mother. Then
+one whom she had not hitherto noticed drew nigh, bowing, and said: "Lady,
+your youthful and still beautiful mother will be here presently. The
+slaves who carry her have gone about another way so as to divert attention
+from your priceless self, should any of the mob have set off in pursuit."
+
+The tone of the address surprised the girl. Her mother was not young, and
+although in her eyes that mother was lovely, yet Quincta was not usually
+approached with expressions of admiration for her beauty.
+
+Again Perpetua accepted what was said, as the reason given was plausible,
+and entered the house. The first thing she observed, by the torch glare,
+was a statue of Apollo. She was surprised, and inquired, hesitatingly, "Is
+this the house of Julius Largus Litomarus?"
+
+"Admirable is your ladyship's perspicuity. Even in the dark those more-
+than-Argus eyes discern the truth. The worthy citizen Largus belongs to
+the sect. He is menaced as well as other excellent citizens by the
+unreasoning and irrational vulgar. He has therefore instructed that you
+should be conveyed to the dwelling of a friend, only deploring that it
+should be unworthy of your presence."
+
+"May I ask your name, sir?"
+
+"Septimus Callipodius, at your service."
+
+"I do not remember to have heard the name, but," she added with courtesy,
+"that is due to my ignorance as a young girl, or to my defective memory."
+
+"It is a name that has not deserved to be harbored in the treasury of such
+a mind."
+
+The girl was uneasy. The fulsome compliment and the obsequious bow of the
+speaker were not merely repugnant to her good taste, but filled her with
+vague misgivings. It was true that exaggeration and flattery in address
+were common enough at the period, but not among Christians, who abstained
+from such extravagance. The mode of speaking adopted by Callipodius
+stamped him as not being one of the faithful.
+
+"I will summon a female slave to attend on your ladyship," said he; "and
+she will conduct you to the women's apartments. Ask for whatever you
+desire. The entire contents of the house are at your disposal."
+
+"I prefer to remain here in the court till my mother shall arrive."
+
+"Alas! adorable lady! it is possible that you may have to endure her
+absence for some time. Owing to the disturbed condition of the streets, it
+is to be feared that her carriage has been stopped; it is not unlikely
+that she may have been compelled to take refuge elsewhere; but, under no
+circumstances short of being absolutely prevented from joining you, will
+she fail to meet you to-morrow in the villa Ad Fines."
+
+"Whose villa?"
+
+"The villa to which, for security, you and your mother the Lady Quincta
+are to be conveyed till the disturbances are over, and the excitement in
+men's minds has abated. By Hercules! one might say that the drama of the
+quest of Proserpine by Ceres were being rehearsed, were it not that the
+daughter is seeking the mother as well as the latter her incomparable
+child."
+
+"I cannot go to Ad Fines without her."
+
+"Lady, in all humility, as unworthy to advise you in anything, I would
+venture to suggest that your safety depends on accepting the means of
+escape that are offered. The high priestess has declared that nothing will
+satisfy the incensed god but that you should be surrendered to her, and
+what mercy you would be likely to encounter at her hands, after what has
+taken place, your penetrating mind will readily perceive. Such being the
+case, I dare recommend that you snatch at the opportunity offered, fly the
+city and hide in the villa of a friend who will die rather than surrender
+you. None will suspect that you are there."
+
+"What friend? Largus Litomarus is scarcely to be termed an acquaintance of
+my mother."
+
+"Danger draws close all generous ties," said Callipodius.
+
+"But my mother?"
+
+"Your mother, gifted with vast prudence, may have judged that her presence
+along with you would increase the danger to yourself. I do not say so. But
+it may so happen that her absence at this moment may be due to her good
+judgment. On the other hand, it may also have chanced, as I already
+intimated, that her litter has been stayed, and she has been constrained
+to sacrifice."
+
+"That she will never do."
+
+"In that case, I shudder at the consequences. But why suppose the worst?
+She has been delayed. And now, lady, suffer me to withdraw--it is an
+eclipse of my light to be beyond the radiance of your eyes. I depart,
+however, animated by the conviction, and winging my steps, that I go to
+perform your dearest wish--to obtain information relative to your lady
+mother, and to learn when and where she will rejoin you. Be ready to start
+at dawn--as soon as the city gates are opened, and that will be in another
+hour."
+
+Then Perpetua resigned herself to the female servants, who led her into
+the inner and more private portions of the house, reached by means of a
+passage called "the Jaws" (_fauces_).
+
+Perpetua was aware that she was in a difficult situation, one in which she
+was unable to know how she was placed, and from which she could not
+extricate herself. She was young and inexperienced, and, on the whole,
+inclined to trust what she was told.
+
+In pagan Rome, it was not customary for girls to be allowed the liberty
+that alone could give them self-confidence. Perhaps the condition of that
+evil world was such that this would not have been possible. When the
+foulest vice flaunted in public without a blush, when even religion
+demoralized, then a Roman parent held that the only security for the
+innocence of a daughter lay in keeping her closely guarded from every
+corrupting sight and sound. She was separated from her brothers and from
+all men; she associated with her mother and with female slaves only. She
+was hardly allowed in the street or road, except in a litter with curtains
+close drawn, unless it were at some religious festival or public ceremony,
+when she was attended by her relatives and not allowed out of their sight.
+
+This was due not merely to the fact that evil was rampant, but also to the
+conviction in the hearts of parents that innocence could be preserved only
+by ignorance. They were unable to supply a child with any moral principle,
+to give it any law for the government of life, which would plant the best
+guardian of virtue within, in the heart.
+
+Augustus, knowing of no divine law, elevated sentimental admiration for
+the simplicity of the ancients into a principle--only to discover that it
+was inadequate to bear the strain put on it; that the young failed to
+comprehend why they should control their passions and deny themselves
+pleasures out of antiquarian pedantry. Marcus Aurelius had sought in
+philosophy a law that would keep life pure and noble, but his son Commodus
+cast philosophy to the winds as a bubble blown by the breath of man, and
+became a monster of vice. Public opinion was an unstable guide. It did
+worse than fluctuate, it sank. Much was tolerated under the Empire that
+was abhorrent to the conscience under the Republic. It allowed to-day what
+it had condemned yesterday. It was a nose of wax molded by the vicious
+governing classes, accommodated to their license.
+
+Although a Christian maiden was supplied with that which the most exalted
+philosophy could not furnish--a revealed moral code, descending from the
+Creator of man for the governance of man, yet Christian parents could not
+expose their children to contamination of mind by allowing them the wide
+freedom given at this day to an English or American girl. Moreover, the
+customs of social life had to be complied with, and could not be broken
+through. Christian girls were accordingly still under some restraint, were
+kept dependent on their parents, and were not allowed those opportunities
+for free action which alone develop individuality and give independence of
+character. Nevertheless, in times of persecution, when many of these
+maidens thus closely watched were brought to the proof of their faith,
+they proved as strong as men--so mighty was the grace of God, so stubborn
+was faith.
+
+Although Perpetua was greatly exhausted by the strain to which she had
+been exposed during the day, she could not rest when left to herself in a
+quiet room, so alarmed was she at the absence of her mother.
+
+An hour passed, then a second. Finally, steps sounded in the corridor
+before her chamber, and she knew that she must rise from the couch on
+which she had cast herself and continue her flight.
+
+A slave presented herself to inform Perpetua that Callipodius had returned
+with the tidings that her mother was unable at once to rejoin her, that
+she was well and safe, and had preceded her to Ad Fines; that she desired
+her daughter to follow with the utmost expedition, and that she was
+impatient to embrace her. The slave woman added that the streets were now
+quiet, the city gates were open, and that the litter was at the door in
+readiness.
+
+"I will follow you with all speed. Leave me to myself."
+
+Then, when the slave had withdrawn, Perpetua hastily arranged her ruffled
+hair, extended her arms, and turning to the east, invoked the protection
+of the God who had promised, "I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee."
+
+On descending to the _atrium_, Perpetua knelt by the water-tank and bathed
+her face and neck. Then she mounted the litter that awaited her outside
+the house. The bearers at once started at a run, nor did they desist till
+they had passed through the city gate on the road that led to the mountain
+range of the Cebennae. This was no military way, but it led into the
+pleasant country where the citizens of Nemausus and some of the rich
+merchants of Narbo had their summer quarters.
+
+The gray dawn had appeared. Market people from the country were coming
+into the town with their produce in baskets and carts.
+
+The bearers jogged along till the road ascended with sufficient rapidity
+to make them short of breath. The morning was cold. A streak of light lay
+in the east, and the wind blew fresh from the same quarter. The colorless
+white dawn overflowed the plain of the Rhodanus, thickly strewn with
+olives, whose gray foliage was much of the same tint as the sky overhead.
+To the south and southeast the olive plantations were broken by tracts of
+water, some permanent lagoons, others due to recent inundations. To the
+right, straight as an arrow, white as snow, ran the high road from Italy
+to Spain, that crossed the Rhodanus at Ugernum, the modern Beaucaire, and
+came from Italy by Tegulata, the scene of the victory of Marius over the
+Cimbri, and by Aquae Sextiae and its hot springs.
+
+The journey was long; the light grew. Presently the sun rose and flushed
+all with light and heat. The chill that had penetrated to the marrow of
+the drowsy girl gave way. She had refused food before starting; now, when
+the bearers halted at a little wayside tavern for refreshment and rest,
+she accepted some cakes and spiced wine from the fresh open-faced hostess
+with kindly eyes and a pleasant smile, and felt her spirits revive. Was
+she not to rejoin her dear mother? Had she not escaped with her life from
+extreme peril? Was she not going to a place where she would be free from
+pursuit?
+
+She continued her journey with a less anxious heart. The scenery improved,
+the heights were wooded, there were juniper bushes, here and there tufts
+of pale helebore.
+
+Then the litter was borne on to a terrace before a mass of limestone crag
+and forest that rose in the rear. A slave came to the side of the
+palanquin and drew back the curtain. Perpetua saw a bright pretty villa,
+with pillars before it forming a peristyle. On the terrace was a fountain
+plashing in a basin.
+
+"Lady," said the slave, "this is Ad Fines. The master salutes you humbly,
+and requests that you will enter."
+
+"The master? What master?"
+
+"AEmilius Lentulus Varo."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XIV
+
+                           TO THE LOWEST DEPTH
+
+
+Baudillas found that there were already many in the prison, who had been
+swept together by the mob and the soldiers, either for having refused to
+produce an image, or for having declined to sacrifice. To his no small
+surprise he saw among them the wool-merchant Julius Largus Litomarus. The
+crowd had surrounded his house, and as he had not complied with their
+demands, they had sent him to the duumvir,(6) Petronius Atacinus, who had
+consigned him to prison till, at his leisure, he could investigate the
+charge against him.
+
+The two magistrates who sat in court and gave sentence were Petronius
+Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, and they took it in turns to sit, each
+being the acting magistrate for a month, when he was succeeded by the
+other. Atacinus was a humane man, easy-going, related to the best families
+in the place, and acquainted with such as he was not allied with by blood
+or marriage. His position, in face of the commotion relative to the
+mutilation of the image and the rescue of Perpetua, was not an easy one.
+
+In Rome and in every other important city, the _flamen_, or chief priest,
+occupied a post of considerable importance and influence. He sat in the
+seat at the games and in the theater next to the chief magistrates, and
+took precedence over every other officer in the town. Nemausus had such a
+_flamen_, and he was not only the official religious head in the place,
+but was also the _flamen Augustalis_, the pontiff connected with the
+worship of Augustus, which had become the predominant cult in Narbonese
+Gaul, and also head of the College of the Augustals, that comprised the
+very powerful body of freedmen. The priestess of the divine founder and
+giver of the fountain shared his dignity and authority. Between them they
+could exercise a preponderating power in the town, and it would be in vain
+for Petronius Atacinus, however easy-going he might be, and disinclined to
+shed blood, to pass over what had been done without affording satisfaction
+to the pagan party moved and held together by the priesthood.
+
+Yet the duumvir judged that it would be eminently unadvisable for him to
+proceed with too great severity, and to punish too many persons.
+Christianity had many adherents in the place, and some of these belonged
+to the noble, others to the mercantile, families. The general wish among
+the well-to-do was that there should be no systematic persecution. An
+inquisitorial search after Christians would break up families, rouse angry
+passions, and, above all, disturb business.
+
+Petronius had already resolved on his course. He had used every sort of
+evasion that could be practiced. He had knowingly abstained from enjoining
+on the keepers of the city gates the requisition of a passport from such
+as left the town. The more who fled and concealed themselves, the better
+pleased would he be.
+
+Nevertheless, he had no thought of allowing the mutilation of the statue
+to pass unpunished, and he was resolved on satisfying the priesthood by
+restoring Perpetua to them. If he were obliged to put any to death, he
+would shed the blood only of such as were inconsiderable and friendless.
+
+There was another element that entered into the matter, and which helped
+to render Atacinus inclined to leniency. The Caesar at the time was M.
+Aurelius Antoninus, commonly known as Caracalla. He had been brought up
+from infancy by a Christian nurse, and was thought to harbor a lurking
+regard for the members of the religion of Christ. At any rate, he
+displayed no intolerance towards those who professed it. He was, himself,
+a ferocious tyrant, as capricious as he was cruel. He had murdered his
+brother Geta in a fit of jealousy, and his conscience, tortured by
+remorse, drove him to seek relief by prying into the mysteries of strange
+religions.
+
+The duumvir Atacinus was alive to the inclinations and the temper of the
+prince, and was the more afraid of offending him by persecution of the
+Christians, as the Emperor was about shortly to visit Gaul, and might even
+pass through Nemausus.
+
+If in such a condition of affairs the Christians were exposed to danger,
+it may well be inferred that, where it was less favorable, their situation
+was surrounded with danger. They were at all times liable to fall victims
+to popular tumults, occasioned sometimes by panic produced by an
+earthquake, by resentment at an accidental conflagration which the vulgar
+insisted on referring to the Christians, sometimes by distress at the
+breaking out of an epidemic. On such occasions the unreasoning rabble
+clamored that the gods were incensed at the spread of the new atheism, and
+that the Christians must be cast to the lions.
+
+When Baudillas saw the wool merchant in the prison, he went to him
+immediately. Litomarus was sitting disconsolately on a stone bench with
+his back against the prison wall.
+
+"I did not go to the Agape," said he; "I was afraid to do so. But I might
+as well. The people bellowed under my windows like bulls of Bashan."
+
+"And you did not exhibit an image?"
+
+"No, I could not do that. Then the _viatores_ of the aediles took me in
+charge. I was hustled about, and was dragged off here. My wife fell down
+in a faint. I do not think she will recover the shock. She has been in a
+weak condition ever since the death of our little Cordula. We loved that
+child. We were wrapped up in her. Marcianus said that we made of the
+little creature an earthly idol, and that it was right she should be taken
+away. I do not know. She had such winning ways. One could not help loving
+her. She made such droll remarks, and screwed up her little eyes----"
+
+"But before you were arrested, you thought considerately of Perpetua and
+her mother Quincta."
+
+"I do not understand to what you refer."
+
+"To the sending of litters for them."
+
+"I sent no litters."
+
+"Your slave Tarsius came to my house to announce that you had been pleased
+to remember the ladies there taking refuge, and that you had placed your
+two palanquins at their disposal."
+
+"Tarsius said this?"
+
+"Even Tarsius."
+
+"Tarsius is a slippery rascal. He was very fond of our little Cordula, and
+was wont to carry her on his shoulder, so we have liked him because of
+that. Nevertheless, he is--well, not trustworthy."
+
+"May God avert that a trap has been laid to ensnare the virgin and her
+mother. Tarsius was expelled the Church for inebriety."
+
+"I know nothing about the palanquins. I have but one. After the death of
+little Cordula, I did not care to keep a second. I always carry about with
+me a lock cut from her head after death. It is like floss silk."
+
+The wool merchant was too greatly absorbed in his own troubles to give
+attention to the matter that had been broached by the deacon. Baudillas
+withdrew to another part of the prison in serious concern.
+
+When day broke, Litomarus was released. His brother was a pagan and had
+easily satisfied the magistrate. This brother was in the firm, and
+traveled for it, buying fleeces from the shepherds on the limestone
+plateaux of Niger and Larsacus. He had been away the day before, but on
+his return in the morning, on learning that Julius was arrested, he spoke
+with the duumvir, presented him with a ripe ewe's milk cheese just brought
+by him from Larsacus, and obtained the discharge of Julius without further
+difficulty.
+
+Baudillas remained in prison that morning, and it was not till the
+afternoon that he was conducted into court. By this time the duumvir was
+tired and irritable. The _flamen_ had arrived and had spoken with
+Atacinus, and complained that no example had been made, that the
+Christians were being released, and that, unless some sharp punishments
+were administered, the people, incensed at the leniency that had been
+exhibited, would break out in uproar again. Petronius Atacinus, angry,
+tired out, hungry and peevish, at once sent for the deacon.
+
+The head of the god had been found in his house, and he had been seen
+conveying the rescued virgin from the fountain, and must certainly know
+where she was concealed.
+
+It was noticeable that nothing had been said about the punishing of
+AEmilius. Even the god, as interpreted by the priestess, had made no demand
+that he should be dealt with; in fact, had not mentioned him. The duumvir
+perfectly understood this reticence. AEmilius Lentulus belonged to a good
+family in the upper town, and to that most powerful and dreaded of all
+professions--the law. Even the divine founder shrank from attacking a
+member of the long robe, and a citizen of the upper town.
+
+When Baudillas appeared in court, the magistrate demanded an explanation
+of the fact of the broken head being found in his house, and further asked
+of him where Perpetua was concealed.
+
+Baudillas would offer no explanation on the first head; he could not do so
+without incriminating his brother in the ministry. He denied that he had
+committed the act of violence, but not that he knew who had perpetrated
+the outrage. As to where Perpetua was, that he could not say, because he
+did not know. His profession of ignorance was not believed. He was
+threatened with torture, but in vain. Thereupon the duumvir sentenced him
+to be committed to the _robur_, and consigned to the lowest depth thereof,
+there to remain till such time as he chose to reveal the required
+information.
+
+Then Petronius Atacinus turned and looked at the _flamen_ with a smile,
+and the latter responded with a well-satisfied nod.
+
+A Roman prison consisted of several parts, and the degree of severity
+exercised was marked by the portion of the _carcer_ to which the prisoner
+was consigned. Roman law knew nothing of imprisonment for a term as a
+punishment. The _carcer_ was employed either as a place for temporary
+detention till trial, or else it was one for execution.
+
+The most tolerable portion of the jail consisted of the outer court, with
+its cells, and a hall for shelter in cold and wet weather. This was in
+fact the common _atrium_ on an enlarged scale and without its luxuries.
+But there was another part of the prison entitled the _robur_, after the
+Tullian prison at Rome. This consisted of one large vaulted chamber devoid
+of window, accessible only by the door, through the interstices of which
+alone light and air could enter. It derived its name from oak beams
+planted against the walls, to which were attached chains, by means of
+which prisoners were fastened to them. In the center of the floor was a
+round hole, with or without a low breastwork, and this hole communicated
+with an abyss sometimes given the Greek name of _barathrum_, with conical
+dome, the opening being in the center. This pit was deep in mire. Into it
+flowed the sewage of the prison, and the outfall was secured by a
+grating.(7) The title of _barathrum_ sometimes accorded to this lower
+portion of the dungeon was derived from a swamp near Athens, in which
+certain malefactors were smothered.
+
+When Jeremiah was accused before King Zedekiah of inciting the people to
+come to terms with the Chaldeans, he was put into such a place as this.
+
+"Then took they Jeremiah, and cast him into the dungeon of Malchiah, that
+was in the court of the prison, and they let down Jeremiah with cords. And
+in the dungeon there was no water, but mire; so Jeremiah sunk in the
+mire."
+
+When Paul and Silas were at Philippi, they were imprisoned in the superior
+portion of the _robur_, where were the stocks, whereas the other prisoners
+were in the outer portion, that was more comfortable, and where they had
+some freedom of movement.
+
+Baudillas turned gray with horror at the thought of being consigned to the
+awful abyss. His courage failed him and he lost power in his knees, so
+that he was unable to sustain himself, and the jailer's assistants were
+constrained to carry him.
+
+As he was conveyed through the outer court, those who were awaiting their
+trial crowded around him, to clasp and kiss his hand, to encourage him to
+play the man for Christ, and to salute him reverently as a martyr.
+
+"I am no martyr, good brethren," said the deacon in a feeble voice. "I am
+not called to suffer for the faith, I have not been asked to sacrifice; I
+am to be thrown down into the pit, because I cannot reveal what I do not
+know."
+
+One man, turning to his fellow, said, in a low tone: "If I were given my
+choice, I would die by fire rather than linger in the pit."
+
+"Will he die there of starvation?" asked another, "or will he smother in
+the mire?"
+
+"If he be sentenced to be retained there till he tells what he does not
+know, he must die there, it matters not how."
+
+"God deliver me from such a trial of my faith! I might win the crown
+through the sword, but a passage to everlasting life through that foul
+abyss--that would be past endurance."
+
+As Baudillas was supported through the doorway into the inner prison, he
+turned his head and looked at the brilliant sky above the yard wall. Then
+the door was shut and barred behind him. All, however, was not absolutely
+dark, for there was a gap, through which two fingers could be thrust,
+under the door, and the sun lay on the threshold and sent a faint
+reflection through the chamber.
+
+Nevertheless, on entering from the glare of the sun, it seemed to
+Baudillas at first as though he were plunged in darkness, and it was not
+for some moments that he could distinguish the ledge that surrounded the
+well-like opening. The jailer now proceeded to strike a light, and after
+some trouble and curses, as he grazed his knuckles, he succeeded in
+kindling a lamp. He now produced a rope, and made a loop at one end about
+a short crosspole.
+
+"Sit astride on that," said he curtly.
+
+Baudillas complied, and with his hands grasped the cord.
+
+Then slowly he was lowered into the pitch blackness below. Down--down--down
+he descended, till he plashed into the mire.
+
+The jailer holding the lamp, looked down and called to him to release the
+rope. The deacon obeyed. There he stood, looking up, watching the dancing
+pole as it mounted, then saw the spark of the lamp withdrawn; heard the
+retreating steps of the jailer, then a clash like thunder. The door of the
+_robur_ was shut. He was alone at the bottom of this fetid abyss.
+
+Then he said, and tears coursed down his cheeks as he said it: "Thou hast
+laid me in the lowest pit--in the place of darkness and in the grave."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XV
+
+                          "REVEALED UNTO BABES"
+
+
+On account of the death in the family of the timber merchant, AEmilius left
+the house and took a room and engaged attendance in the cottage of a
+cordwainer a little way off. The house was clean, and the good woman was
+able to cook him a meal not drowned in oil nor rank with garlic.
+
+He was uneasy because Callipodius did not return, and he obtained no
+tidings concerning Perpetua. The image of this maiden, with a face of
+transparent purity, out of which shone the radiance of a beautiful soul,
+haunted his imagination and fluttered his heart. He walked by the side of
+the flooded tract of land, noticed that the water was falling, and looked,
+at every turn he took, in the direction of Nemausus, expecting the arrival
+of his client, but always in vain.
+
+He did at length see a boat approach, towards evening, and he paced the
+little landing-place with quick strides till it ran up against it; and
+then only, to his disappointment, did he see that Callipodius was not
+there. Castor disembarked.
+
+On the strength of his slight acquaintance AEmilius greeted the bishop. The
+suspense was become unendurable. He asked to be granted a few words in
+private. To this Castor gladly consented.
+
+He, the head of the Christian community, had remained unmolested. He
+belonged to a senatorial family in the town, and had relations among the
+most important officials. The duumvir would undoubtedly leave him alone
+unless absolutely obliged to lay hands on him. Nemausus was divided into
+two towns, the Upper and the Lower, each with its own water-supply, its
+own baths, and each distinct in social composition.
+
+The lower town, the old Gallic city, that venerated the hero-founder of
+the same name as the town, was occupied by the old Volcian population and
+by a vast number of emancipated slaves of every nationality, many engaged
+in trade and very rich. These freedmen were fused into one "order," as it
+was termed, that of the _Liberti_.
+
+The upper town contained the finest houses, and was inhabited by the Roman
+colonists, by some descendants of the first Phocean settlers, and by such
+of the old Gaulish nobility as had most completely identified themselves
+with their conquerors. These had retained their estates and had enriched
+themselves by taking Government contracts.
+
+Such scions of the old Gaulish houses had become fused by marriage and
+community of interest with the families of the first colonists, and they
+affected contempt for the pure-blooded old aristocracy who had sunk into
+poverty and insignificance in their decayed mansions in Lower Nemausus.
+
+Of late years, slowly yet surely, the freedmen who had amassed wealth had
+begun to invade superior Nemausus, had built themselves houses of greater
+magnificence and maintained an ostentatious splendor that excited the envy
+and provoked the resentment of the old senatorial and knightly citizens.
+
+The great natural fountain supplied the lower town with water, but was
+situated at too low a level for the convenience of the gentry of Upper
+Nemausus, who had therefore conveyed the spring water of Ura from a great
+distance by tunneling mountains and bridging valleys, and thus had
+furnished themselves with an unfailing supply of the liquid as necessary
+to a Roman as was the air he breathed. Thus rendered independent of the
+natural fountain at the foot of the rocks in Lower Nemausus, those living
+in the higher town affected the cult of the nymph Ura, and spoke
+disparagingly of the god of the old town; whereas the inferior part of the
+city clung tenaciously to the divine Nemausus, whose basin, full of
+unfailing water, was presented to their very lips and had not to be
+brought to them from a distance by the engineering skill of men and at a
+great cost.
+
+Devotion to the god of the fountain in Lower Nemausus was confined
+entirely to the inhabitants of the old town, and was actually a relic of
+the old Volcian religion before the advent of the colonists, Greek and
+Roman. It had maintained itself and its barbarous sacrifice intact,
+undisturbed.
+
+No victim was exacted from a family of superior Nemausus. The contribution
+was drawn from among the families of the native nobility, and it was on
+this account solely that the continuance of the septennial sacrifice had
+been tolerated.
+
+Already, however, the priesthood was becoming aware that a strong feeling
+was present that was averse to it. The bulk of the well-to-do population
+had no traditional reverence for the Gaulish founder-god, and many openly
+spoke of the devotion of a virgin to death as a rite that deserved to be
+abolished.
+
+From the cordwainer AEmilius had heard of the mutilation of the statue and
+of the commotion it had caused. This, he conjectured, accounted for the
+delay of Callipodius. It had interfered with his action; he had been
+unable to learn what had become of the damsel, and was waiting till he had
+definite tidings to bring before he returned. AEmilius was indignant at the
+wanton act of injury done to a beautiful work of art that decorated one of
+the loveliest natural scenes in the world. But this indignation was
+rendered acute by personal feeling. The disturbance caused by the rescue
+of the virgin might easily have been allayed; not so one provoked by such
+an act of sacrilege as the defacing of the image of the divine founder.
+This would exasperate passions and vastly enhance the danger to Perpetua
+and make her escape more difficult.
+
+As AEmilius walked up from the jetty with the bishop, he inquired of him
+how matters stood with the Christians in the town and received a general
+answer. This did not satisfy the young lawyer, and, as the color suffused
+his face, he asked particularly after Perpetua, daughter of the deceased
+Harpinius Laeto.
+
+The bishop turned and fixed his searching eyes on the young man.
+
+"Why make you this inquiry?" he asked.
+
+"Surely," answered AEmilius, "I may be allowed to feel interest in one whom
+I was the means of rescuing from death. In sooth, I am vastly concerned to
+learn that she is safe. It were indeed untoward if she fell once more into
+the hands of the priesthood or into those of the populace. The ignorant
+would grip as hard as the interested."
+
+"She is not in the power of either," answered Castor. "But where she is,
+that God knows, not I. Her mother is distracted, but we trust the maiden
+has found a refuge among the brethren, and for her security is kept
+closely concealed. The fewer who know where she is the better will it be,
+lest torture be employed to extort the secret. The Lady Quincta believes
+what we have cause to hope and consider probable. This is certain: if she
+had been discovered and given up to the magistrate the fact would be known
+at once to all in the place."
+
+"To break the image of the god was a wicked and a wanton act," said
+AEmilius irritably. "Is such conduct part of your religion?"
+
+"The act was that of a rash and hot-headed member of our body. It was
+contrary to my will, done without my knowledge, and opposed to the
+teaching of our holy fathers, who have ever dissuaded from such acts. But
+in all bodies of men there are hot-heads and impulsive spirits that will
+not endure control."
+
+"Your own teaching is at fault," said AEmilius peevishly. "You denounce the
+gods, and yet express regret if one of you put your doctrine in practice."
+
+"If images were ornaments only," said the bishop, "then they would be
+endurable; but when they receive adoration, when libations are poured at
+their feet, then we forbid our brethren to take part in such homage, for
+it is idolatry, a giving to wood and stone the worship due to God alone.
+But we do not approve of insult offered to any man's religion. No," said
+Castor emphatically; "Christianity is not another name for brutality, and
+that is brutality which insults the religious sentiment of the people, who
+may be ignorant but are sincere."
+
+They had reached the rope-walk. The cordwainer was absent.
+
+"Let us take a turn," said the bishop; and then he halted and smiled and
+extended his palm to a little child that ran up to him and put its hand
+within his with innocent confidence.
+
+"This," said Castor, "is the son of the timber merchant." Then to the boy:
+"Little man, walk with us, but do not interrupt our talk. Speak only when
+spoken to." He again addressed the lawyer: "My friend, if I may so call
+thee, thou art vastly distressed at the mutilation of the image. Why so?"
+
+"Because it is a work of art, and that particular statue was the finest
+example of the sculpture of a native artist. It was a gift to his native
+town of the god Marcus Antoninus (the Emperor Antoninus Pius)."
+
+"Sir," said Castor, "you are in the right to be incensed. Now tell me
+this. If the thought of the destruction of a statue made by man and the
+gift of a Caesar rouse indignation in your mind, should you not be more
+moved to see the destruction of living men, as in the shows of the
+arena--the slaughter of men, the work of God's hands?"
+
+"That is for our entertainment," said AEmilius, yet with hesitation in his
+voice.
+
+"Does that condone the act of the mutilator of the image, that he did it
+out of sport, to amuse a few atheists and the vulgar? See you how from his
+mother's womb the child has been nurtured, how his limbs have grown in
+suppleness and grace and strength; how his intelligence has developed, how
+his faculties have expanded. Who made the babe that has become a man? Who
+protected him from infancy? Who builds up this little tenement of an
+immortal and bright spirit?" He led forward and indicated the child of
+Flavillus. "Was it not God? And for a holiday pastime you send men into
+the arena to be lacerated by wild beasts or butchered by gladiators! Do
+you not suppose that God, the maker of man, must be incensed at this
+wanton destruction of His fairest creation?"
+
+"What you say applies to the tree we fell, to the ox and the sheep we
+slaughter."
+
+"Not so," answered the bishop. "The tree is essential to man. Without it
+he cannot build himself a house nor construct a ship. The use of the tree
+is essential to his progress from barbarism. Nay, even in barbarism he
+requires it to serve him as fuel, and to employ timber demands the fall of
+the tree. As to the beast, man is so constituted by his Creator that he
+needs animal food. Therefore is he justified in slaying beasts for his
+nourishment."
+
+"According to your teaching death sentences are condemned, as also are
+wars."
+
+"Not so. The criminal may forfeit his right to a life which he is given to
+enjoy upon condition that he conduce to the welfare of his fellows. If,
+instead thereof, he be a scourge to mankind, he loses his rights. As to
+the matter of war: we must guard the civilization we have built up by
+centuries of hard labor and study after improvement. We must protect our
+frontiers against the incursions of the barbarians. Unless they be rolled
+back, they will overwhelm us. Self-preservation is an instinct lodged in
+every breast, justifying man in defending his life and his acquisitions."
+
+"Your philosophy is humane."
+
+"It is not a philosophy. It is a revelation."
+
+"In what consists the difference?"
+
+"A philosophy is a groping upwards. A revelation is a light falling from
+above. A philosophy is reached only after the intellect is ripe and
+experienced, attained to when man's mind is fully developed. A revelation
+comes to the child as his mind and conscience are opening and shows him
+his way. Here, little one! stand on that _cippus_ and answer me."
+
+Castor took the child in his arms and lifted him to a marble pedestal.
+
+"Little child," said he, "answer me a few simple questions. Who made you?"
+
+"God," answered the boy readily.
+
+"And why did He make you?"
+
+"To love and serve Him."
+
+"And how can you serve Him?"
+
+"By loving all men."
+
+"What did the Great Master say was the law by which we are to direct our
+lives?"
+
+"'He that loveth God, let him love his brother also.'"
+
+"Little child, what is after death?"
+
+"Eternity."
+
+"And in eternity where will men be?"
+
+"Those that have done good shall be called to life everlasting, and those
+that have done evil will be cast forth into darkness, where is weeping and
+gnashing of teeth."
+
+The bishop took the child from the pedestal, and set him again on the
+ground.
+
+Then, with a smile on his face, he said to AEmilius, "Do we desire to know
+our way _after_ we have erred or _before_ we start? What was hidden from
+the wise and prudent is revealed unto babes. Where philosophy ends, there
+our religion begins."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XVI
+
+                         DOUBTS AND DIFFICULTIES
+
+
+AEmilius paced the rope-walk in deep thought. He did not speak during
+several turns, and the bishop respected his meditation and kept silence as
+well.
+
+Presently the young man burst forth with: "This is fairly put, plausible
+and attractive doctrine. But what we lawyers demand is evidence. When was
+the revelation made? In the reign of the god Tiberius? That was two
+centuries ago. What proof is there that this be not a cleverly elaborated
+philosophy--as you say, a groping upwards--pretending to be, and showing off
+itself as, a lightening downwards?"
+
+"The evidence is manifold," answered Castor. "In the first place, the
+sayings and the acts of the Divine Revealer were recorded by evangelists
+who lived at the time, knew Him, heard Him, or were with those who had
+daily companied with Him."
+
+"Of what value is such evidence when we cannot put the men who gave it in
+the witness-box and cross-question them? I do not say that their evidence
+is naught, but that it is disputable."
+
+"There is other evidence, ever-living, ever-present."
+
+"What is that?"
+
+"Your own reason and conscience. You, AEmilius Lentulus, have these
+witnesses in yourself. He who made you seated a conscience in your soul to
+show you that there is such a thing as a law of right and wrong, though,
+as far as you know, unwritten. Directly I spoke to you of the _sin_ of
+murdering men to make pastime, your color changed; you _knew_ that I was
+right. Your conscience assented to my words."
+
+"I allow that."
+
+"My friend, let me go further. When your mind is not obscured by passion
+or warped by prejudice, then you perceive that there is a sphere of
+holiness, of virtue, of purity, to which men have not yet attained, and
+which, for all you see, is unattainable situated as you are, but one into
+which, if man could mount, then he would be something nobler than even the
+poets have conceived. You have flashes of summer lightning in your dark
+sky. You reject the monstrous fables of the gods as inconsistent with what
+your reason and conscience tell you comport with divinity. Has any of your
+gods manifested himself and left such a record of his appearance as is
+fairly certain? If he appeared, or was fabled to have appeared, did he
+tell men anything about the nature of God, His will, and the destiny of
+man? A revelation must be in agreement with the highest aspirations of
+man. It must be such as will regulate his life, and conduce to his
+perfection and the advantage of the community. It must be such as will
+supply him with a motive for rejecting what is base, but pleasing to his
+coarse nature, and striving after that which is according to the luminous
+ideal that floats before him. Now the Christian revelation answers these
+conditions, and is therefore probably true. It supplies man with a reason
+why he should contend against all that is gross in his nature; should be
+gentle, courteous, kindly, merciful, pure. It does more. It assures him
+that the Creator made man in order that he might strive after this ideal,
+and in so doing attain to serenity and happiness. No other religion that I
+know of makes such claims; no other professes to have been revealed to man
+as the law of his being by Him who made man. No other is so completely in
+accordance on the one hand with what we conceive is in agreement with the
+nature of God, and on the other so completely accords with our highest
+aspirations."
+
+"I can say nothing to that. I do not know it."
+
+"Yes, you do know it. The babe declared it; gave you the marrow and kernel
+of the gospel: Love God and man."
+
+"To fear God is what I can understand; but to love Him is more than I can
+compass."
+
+"Because you do not know God."
+
+"I do not, indeed."
+
+"God is love."
+
+"A charming sentiment; a rhetorical flourish. What evidence can you adduce
+that God is love?"
+
+"Creation."
+
+"The earth is full of suffering; violence prevails; wrong overmasters
+right. There is more of misery than of happiness, saving only to the rich
+and noble; they are at any rate supposed to be exempt, but, by Hercules,
+they seem to me to be sick of pleasure, and every delight gluts and leaves
+a bad taste in the mouth."
+
+"That is true; but why is there all this wretchedness? Because the world
+is trying to get along without God. Look!" The bishop stooped and took up
+a green-backed beetle. "If I cast this insect into the water it will
+suffer and die. If I fling it into the fire it will writhe and perish in
+agony. Neither water nor fire is the element for which it was created--in
+which to exist and be happy. The divine law is the atmosphere in which man
+is made to live. Because there is deflection from that, and man seeks
+other ends than that for which he was made, therefore comes wretchedness.
+The law of God is the law man must know, and knowing, pursue to be
+perfectly happy and to become a perfect being."
+
+"Now I have you!" exclaimed AEmilius, with a laugh. "There are no men more
+wretched than Christians who possess, and, I presume, keep this law. They
+abstain from our merry-makings, from the spectacles; they are liable to
+torture and to death."
+
+"We abstain from nothing that is wholesome and partaken in moderation; but
+from drunkenness, surfeiting, and what is repugnant to the clean mind. As
+to the persecution we suffer, the powers of evil rebel against God, and
+stir up bad men to resist the truth. But let me say something further--if I
+do not weary you."
+
+"Not at all; you astonish me too much to weary me."
+
+"You are dropped suddenly--cast up by the sea on a strange shore. You find
+yourself where you have never been before. You know not where to go--how to
+conduct yourself among the natives; what fruits you may eat as wholesome,
+and must reject as poisonous. You do not know what course to pursue to
+reach your home, and fear at every step to get further from it. You cry
+out for a chart to show you where you are, and in what direction you
+should direct your steps. Every child born into this world is in a like
+predicament. It wants a chart, and to know its bearings. This is not the
+case with any animal. Every bird, fish, beast, knows what to do to fulfill
+the objects of its existence. Man alone does not. He has aspirations,
+glimmerings, a law of nature traced, but not filled in. He has lived by
+that natural law--you live under it, and you experience its inadequacy.
+That is why your conscience, all mankind, with inarticulate longing
+desires something further. Now I ask you, as I did once before, is it
+conceivable that the Creator of man, who put in man's heart that
+aspiration, that longing to know the law of his being, without which his
+life is but a miserable shipwreck--is it conceivable that He should
+withhold from him the chart by which he can find his way?"
+
+"You have given me food for thought. Yet, my doubts still remain."
+
+"I cannot give you faith. That lightens down from above. It is the gift of
+God. Follow the law of your conscience and He may grant it you. I cannot
+say when or how, and what means he may employ--but if you are sincere and
+not a trifler with the truth--He will not deny it you. But see--here comes
+some one who desires to speak with you."
+
+AEmilius looked in the direction indicated, and saw Callipodius coming up
+from the water-side, waving his hand to him. So engrossed had he been in
+conversation with Castor, that he had not observed the arrival of a boat
+at the landing-place.
+
+At once the young lawyer sped to meet his client, manifesting the utmost
+impatience.
+
+"What tidings--what news?" was his breathless question.
+
+"As good as may be," answered Callipodius. "The gods work to fulfill thy
+desire. It is as if thou wert a constraining destiny, or as though it were
+a pleasure to them to satisfy the wishes of their favorite."
+
+"I pray, lay aside this flattery, and speak plain words."
+
+"Resplendent genius that thou art! thou needest no flattery any more than
+the sun requires burnishing."
+
+"Let me entreat--the news!"
+
+"In two words----"
+
+"Confine thyself to two words."
+
+"She is safe."
+
+"Where? How?"
+
+"Now must I relax my tongue. In two words I cannot satisfy thy eagerness."
+
+"Then, Body of Bacchus! go on in thine own fashion."
+
+"The account may be crushed into narrow compass. When I left your radiant
+presence, then I betook myself to the town and found the place in
+turmoil--the statue of the god had been broken, and the deity was braying
+like a washerwoman's jackass. The populace was roused and incensed by the
+outrage, and frightened by the voice of the god. All had quieted down
+previously, but this worked up the people to a condition of frantic rage
+and panic. I hurried about in quest of the Lady Perpetua; and as I learned
+that she had been conveyed from the pool by Baudillas Macer, I went into
+the part of the town where he lives; noble once, now slums. Then, lo! thy
+genius attending and befriending me, whom should I stumble against but a
+fellow named Tarsius, a slave of a wool merchant to whom I owe moneys,
+which I haven't yet paid. I knew the fellow from a gash he had received at
+one time across nose and cheek. He was drunk and angry because he had been
+expelled the Christian society which was holding its orgies. I warrant
+thee I frightened the poor wretch with promises of the little horse, the
+panthers, and the cross, till he became pliant and obliging. Then I wormed
+out of him all I required, and made him my tool to obtain possession of
+the pretty maid. I learned from him that the Lady Quincta and her daughter
+were at the house of Baudillas, afraid to return home because their door
+was observed by some of the Cultores Nemausi. Then I suborned the rascal
+to act a part for me. From thy house I dispatched two litters and
+carriers, and sent that tippling rogue with them to the dwelling of Macer,
+to say that he was commissioned by his master, Litomarus, to conduct them
+to his country house for their security. They walked into the snare like
+fieldfare after juniper berries. Then the porters conveyed the girl to thy
+house."
+
+"To my house!" AEmilius started.
+
+"Next, she was hurried off as soon as ever the gates were opened, to your
+villa at Ad Fines."
+
+"And she is there now, with her mother?"
+
+"With her mother! I know better than to do that. I bade the porters convey
+the old lady in her palanquin to the goose and truffle market and deposit
+her there. No need to be encumbered with her."
+
+"The Lady Quincta not with her daughter?"
+
+"You were not desirous for further acquaintance with the venerable widow,
+I presume."
+
+"But," said AEmilius, "this is a grave matter. You have offered, as from
+me, an insult most wounding to a young lady, and to a respectable matron."
+
+"Generous man! how was it possible for me to understand the niceties that
+trouble your perspicuous mind? But be at ease. Serious sickness demands
+strong medicines. Great dangers excuse bold measures. The priestess has
+demanded the restoration of the virgin. The _flamen Augustalis_ is backing
+her up. So are all the _Seviri_. The religious corporation feel touched in
+their credit and insist on the restitution. They will heap on fuel, and
+keep Nemausus in a boil. By no possibility could the damsel have remained
+hidden in the town. I saw that it was imperiously necessary for me to
+remove her. I could think of no other place into which to put her than Ad
+Fines. I managed the matter in admirable fashion; though it is I who say
+it. But really, by Jupiter Capitolinus, I believe that your genius
+attended me, and assisted in the execution of the design, which was
+carried out without a hitch."
+
+AEmilius knitted his arms behind his back, and took short turns, in great
+perturbation of mind.
+
+"By Hercules!" said he, "you have committed an actionable offense."
+
+"Of course, you look on it from a legal point of view," said Callipodius,
+a little nettled. "I tell you it was a matter of life or death."
+
+"I do not complain of your having conveyed the young lady to Ad Fines, but
+of your not having taken her mother there along with her. You have put me
+in a very awkward predicament."
+
+"How was I to judge that the old woman was to be deported as well?"
+
+"You might have judged that I would cut off my right hand rather than do
+aught that might cause people to speak lightly of Perpetua."
+
+The client shrugged his shoulders. "You seem to breed new scruples."
+
+"I thank you," said AEmilius, "that you have shown so good a will, and have
+been so successful in your enterprise. I am, perhaps, over hasty and
+exacting. I desired you to do a thing more perfectly than perhaps you were
+able to perform it. Leave me now. I must clear my mind and discover what
+is now to be done."
+
+"There is no pleasing some folk," said Callipodius moodily.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XVII
+
+                                   PEDO
+
+
+Baudillas had been lowered into the pit of the _robur_, and he sank in the
+slime half-way up his calves. He waded with extended arms, groping for
+something to which to cling. He knew not whether the bottom were even, or
+fell into deep holes, into which he might stumble. He knew not whether he
+were in a narrow well or in a spacious chamber.
+
+Cautiously, in obscurity, he groped, uncertain even whether he went
+straight or was describing a curve. But presently he touched the wall and
+immediately discovered a bench, and seated himself thereon. Then he drew
+up his feet out of the mire, and cast himself in a reclining position on
+the stone seat.
+
+He looked up, but could not distinguish the opening by which he had been
+let down into the horrible cess-pit. He was unable to judge to what depth
+he had been lowered, nor could he estimate the extent of the dungeon in
+which he was confined.
+
+The bench on which he reposed was slimy, the walls trickled with moisture,
+were unctuous, and draped with a fungous growth in long folds. The whole
+place was foul and cold.
+
+How long would his confinement last? Would food, pure water be lowered to
+him? Or was he condemned to waste away in this pit, from starvation, or in
+the delirium of famine to roll off from his shelf and smother in the mire?
+
+After a while his eyes became accustomed to the dark and sensitive to the
+smallest gradations in it; and then he became aware of a feeble glowworm
+light over the surface of the ooze at one point. Was it that some fungoid
+growth there was phosphorescent? Or was it that a ray of daylight
+penetrated there by some tortuous course?
+
+After long consideration it seemed to him probable that the light he
+distinguished might enter by a series of reflections through the outfall.
+He thought of examining the opening, but to do so he would be constrained
+to wade. He postponed the exploration till later. Of one thing he was
+confident, that although a little sickly light might be able to struggle
+into this horrible dungeon, yet no means of egress for the person would be
+left. Precautions against escape by this means would certainly have been
+taken.
+
+The time passed heavily. At times Baudillas sank into a condition of
+stupor, then was roused to thought again, again to lapse into a comatose
+condition. His cut lip was sore, his bruises ached. He had passed his
+tongue over his broken teeth till they had fretted his tongue raw.
+
+The feeble light at the surface became fainter, and this was finally
+extinguished. The day was certainly at an end. The sun had set in the
+west, an auroral glow hung over the place of its decline. Stars were
+beginning to twinkle; the syringa was pouring forth its fragrance, the
+flowering thorns their too heavy odor. Dew was falling gently and cool.
+
+The deacon raised his heart to God, and from this terrible pit his prayer
+mounted to heaven; a prayer not for deliverance from death, but for grace
+to endure the last trial, and if again put to the test, to withstand
+temptation. Then he recited the evening prayer of the Church, in Greek: "O
+God, who art without beginning and without end, the Maker of the world by
+Thy Christ, and the sustainer thereof, God and Father, Lord of the spirit,
+King of all things that have reason and life! Thou who hast made the day
+for the works of light, and the night for the refreshment of our
+infirmity, for the day is Thine, the night is Thine: Thou hast prepared
+the light and the sun--do Thou now, O Lord, lover of mankind, fountain of
+all good, mercifully accept this our evening thanksgiving. Thou who hast
+brought us through the length of the day, and hast conducted us to the
+threshold of night, preserve us by Thy Christ, afford us a peaceful
+evening, and a sinless night, and in the end everlasting life by Thy
+Christ, through whom be glory, honor and worship in the Holy Spirit, for
+ever, amen."(8) After this prayer Baudillas had been wont in the church to
+say, "Depart in peace!" and to dismiss the faithful. Now he said, "Into
+Thy hands I commend my spirit."
+
+Out of that fetid abyss and its horrible darkness rose the prayer to God,
+winged with faith, inspired by fervor sweet with humility, higher than the
+soaring lark, higher than the faint cloud that caught the last rays of the
+set sun, higher than the remotest star.
+
+Presently a confused sound from above reached the prisoner, and a spot of
+orange light fell on the water below. Then came a voice ringing hollow
+down the depth, and echoed by the walls, "Thy food!" A slender rope was
+sent down, to which was attached a basket that contained bread and a
+pitcher of water. Baudillas stepped into the ooze and took the loaf and
+the water vessel.
+
+Then the jailer called again: "To-morrow morning--if more be needed--I will
+bring a second supply. Send up the empty jar when I lower that which is
+full, if thou art in a condition to require it." He laughed, and the laugh
+resounded as a bellow in the vaulted chamber.
+
+Few were the words spoken, and they ungracious. Yet was the deacon
+sensible of pleasure at hearing even a jailer's voice breaking the
+dreadful silence. He waded back to his ledge, ate the dry bread and drank
+some of the water. Then he laid himself down again. Again the door
+clashed, sending thunders below, and once more he was alone.
+
+As his hand traveled along the wall it encountered a hard round knot. He
+drew his hand away precipitately, but then, moved by curiosity, groped for
+it again. Then he discovered that this seeming excrescence was a huge
+snail, there hibernating. He dislodged it, threw it from him and it
+plashed into the mire.
+
+Time dragged. Not a sound could be heard save the monotonous drip of some
+leak above. Baudillas counted the falling drops, then wearied of counting,
+and abandoned the self-imposed task.
+
+Now he heard a far-away rushing sound, then came a blast of hot vapor
+blowing in his face. He started into a sitting posture, and clung to his
+bench. In another moment he heard the roar of water that plunged from
+above; and a hot steam enveloped him. What was the signification of this?
+Was the pit to be flooded with scalding water and he drowned in it? In a
+moment he had found the explanation. The water was being let off from the
+public baths. There would be no more bathers this night. The tide of tepid
+water rose nearly level with the ledge on which he was crouching, and then
+ebbed away and rolled forth at the vent through which by day a pale halo
+had entered.
+
+Half suffocated, part stupefied by the warm vapor, Baudillas sank into a
+condition without thought, his eyes looking into the blackness above, his
+ears hearing without noting the dribble from the drain through which the
+flood had spurted. Presently he was roused by a sense of irritation in
+every nerve, and putting his hand to his face plucked away some hundred-
+legged creature, clammy and yet hard, that was creeping over him. It was
+some time before his tingling nerves recovered. Then gradually torpor
+stole over him, and he was perhaps unconscious for a couple of hours, when
+again he was roused by a sharp pain in his finger, and starting, he heard
+a splash, a rush and squeals. At once he knew that a swarm of rats had
+invaded the place. He had been bitten by one; his start had disconcerted
+the creatures momentarily, and they had scampered away.
+
+Baudillas remained motionless, save that he trembled; he was sick at
+heart. In this awful prison he dared not sleep, lest he should be devoured
+alive.
+
+Was this to be his end--to be kept awake by horror of the small foes till
+he could endure the tension no longer, and then sink down in dead
+weariness and blank indifference on his bench, and at once be assailed
+from all sides, to feel the teeth, perhaps to attempt an ineffectual
+battle, then to be overcome and to be picked to his bones?
+
+As he sat still, hardly breathing, he felt the rats again. They were
+rallying, some swimming, some swarming up on to the shelf. They rushed at
+him with the audacity given by hunger, with the confidence of experience,
+and the knowledge of their power when attacking in numbers.
+
+He cried out, beat with his hands, kicked out with his feet, swept his
+assailants off him by the score; yet such as could clung to his garment by
+their teeth and, not discomfited, quickly returned. To escape them he
+leaped into the mire; he plunged this way, then that; he returned to the
+wall; he attempted to scramble up it beyond their reach, but in vain.
+
+Wherever he went, they swam after him. He was unarmed, he could kill none
+of his assailants; if he could but decimate the horde it would be
+something. Then he remembered the pitcher and felt for that. By this time
+he had lost his bearings wholly. He knew not where he had left the vessel.
+But by creeping round the circumference of his prison, he must eventually
+reach the spot where he had previously been seated, and with the
+earthenware vessel he would defend himself as long as he was able.
+
+Whilst thus wading, he was aware of a cold draught blowing in his face,
+and he knew that he had reached the opening of the sewer that served as
+outfall. He stooped and touched stout iron bars forming part of a grating.
+He tested them, and assured himself that they were so thick set that it
+was not possible for him to thrust even his head between them.
+
+All at once the rats ceased to molest him. They had retreated, whither he
+could not guess, and he knew as little why. Possibly, they were shrewd
+enough to know that they had but to exercise patience, and he must
+inevitably fall a prey to their teeth.
+
+Almost immediately, however, he was aware of a little glow, like that of a
+spark, and of a sound of splashing. He was too frightened, too giddy, to
+collect his thoughts, so as to discover whence the light proceeded, and
+what produced the noise.
+
+Clinging to the grating, Baudillas gazed stupidly at the light, that grew
+in brightness, and presently irradiated a face. This he saw, but he was
+uncertain whether he actually did see, or whether he were a prey to an
+illusion.
+
+Then the light flashed over him, and his eyes after a moment recognized
+the face of his old slave, Pedo. A hand on the further side grasped one of
+the stanchions, and the deacon heard the question, "Master, are you safe?"
+
+"Oh, Pedo, how have you come into this place?"
+
+"Hush, master. Speak only in a whisper. I have waded up the sewer
+(_cloaca_), and have brought with me two stout files. Take this one, and
+work at the bar on thy side. I will rasp on the other. In time we shall
+cut through the iron, and then thou wilt be able to escape. When I heard
+whither thou hadst been cast, then I saw my way to making an effort to
+save thee."
+
+"Pedo! I will give thee thy liberty!"
+
+"Master! it is I who must first manumit thee."
+
+Then the slave began to file, and as he filed he muttered, "What is
+liberty to me? At one time, indeed! Ah, at one time, when I was young, and
+so was Blanda! But now I am old and lame. I am well treated by a good
+master. Well, well! Sir! work at the bar where I indicate with my finger.
+That is a transversal stanchion and sustains the others."
+
+Hope of life returned. The heart of Baudillas was no longer chilled with
+fear and his brain stunned with despair. He worked hard, animated by
+eagerness to escape. There was a spring of energy in the little flame of
+the lamp, an inspiring force in the presence of his slave. The bar was
+thick, but happily the moisture of the place and the sour exhalations had
+corroded it, so that thick flakes of rust fell off under the tool.
+
+"Yesterday, nothing could have been done for you, sir," said Pedo, "for
+the inundation was so extensive that the sewer was closed with water that
+had risen a foot above the opening into the river. But, thanks be to God,
+the flood has fallen. Those who know the sky declare that we shall have a
+blast of the _circius_ (the mistral) on us suddenly, and bitter weather.
+The early heat has dissolved the snows over-rapidly and sent the water
+inundating all the low land. Now with cold, the snows will not melt."
+
+"Pedo," said the deacon, "hadst thou not come, the rats would have
+devoured me. They hunted me as a pack of wolves pursue a deer in the
+Cebennae."
+
+"I heard them, master, as I came up the sewer. There are legions of them.
+But they fear the light, and as long as the lamp burns will keep their
+distance."
+
+"Pedo," whispered Baudillas again, after a pause, whilst both worked at
+the bar. "I know not how it was that when I stood before the duumvir, I
+did not betray my Heavenly Master. I was so frightened. I was as in a
+dream. They may have thought me firm, but I was in reality very weak.
+Another moment, or one more turn of the rack and I would have fallen."
+
+"Master! God's strength is made perfect in weakness."
+
+"Yes, it is so. I myself am a poor nothing. Oh, that I had the manhood of
+Marcianus!"
+
+"Press against the bar, master. With a little force it will yield."
+
+Pedo removed the lamp that he had suspended by a hook from the crossbar.
+Baudillas threw himself with his full weight against the grating, and the
+stanchion did actually snap under the impact, at the place where filed.
+
+"That is well," said the slave. "Thy side of the bar is also nearly rasped
+through. Then we must saw across this upright staff of iron. To my
+thinking it is not fastened below."
+
+"It is not. I have thrust my foot between it and the paving. Methinks it
+ends in a spike and barbs."
+
+"If it please God that we remove the grating, then thou must follow me,
+bending low."
+
+"Is the distance great?"
+
+"Sixty-four paces of thine; of mine, more, as I do but hobble."
+
+"Hah! this is ill-luck."
+
+With the energy of filing, and owing to the loosened condition of the bar,
+the lamp had been displaced, and it fell from where it had been suspended
+and was extinguished in the water.
+
+Both were now plunged in darkness as of Erebus, and were moreover exposed
+to danger from the rats. But perhaps the grating of the files, or the
+whispers of the one man to the other, alarmed the suspicious beasts, and
+they did not venture to approach.
+
+"Press, master! I will pull," said the slave. His voice quivered with
+excitement.
+
+Baudillas applied his shoulder to the grating, and Pedo jerked at it
+sharply.
+
+With a crack it yielded; with a plash it fell into the water.
+
+"Quick, my master--lay hold of my belt and follow. Bow your head low or you
+will strike the roof. We must get forth as speedily as may be."
+
+"Pedo! the jailer said that if alive I was to give a sign on the morrow.
+He believes that during the night I will be devoured by rats, as doubtless
+have been others."
+
+"Those executed in the prison are cast down there."
+
+"Perhaps," said Baudillas, "if he meet with no response in the morning he
+will conclude that I am dead, and I do not think he will care to descend
+and discover whether it be so."
+
+After a short course through the arched passage, both stood upright; they
+were to their breasts in water, but the water was fresh and pure. Above
+their heads was the vault of heaven, not now spangled with stars but
+crossed by scudding drifts of vapor.
+
+Both men scrambled out of the river to the bank, and then Baudillas
+extended his arms, and said, with face turned to the sky:
+
+"I waited patiently for the Lord, and He inclined unto me, and heard my
+calling. He hath brought me also out of the horrible pit, out of the mire
+and clay, and hath set my feet upon the rock. And He hath put a new song
+in my mouth, even a thanksgiving unto our God."(9)
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XVIII
+
+                           IN THE CITRON-HOUSE
+
+
+Perpetua, at Ad Fines, was a prey to unrest. She was in alarm for the
+safety of her mother, and she was disconcerted at having been smuggled off
+to the house of a man who was a stranger, though to him she owed her life.
+
+The villa was in a lovely situation, with a wide outstretch of landscape
+before it to the Rhone, and beyond to the blue and cloudlike spurs of the
+Alps; and the garden was in the freshness of its first spring beauty. But
+she was in too great trouble to concern herself about scenery and flowers.
+Her thoughts turned incessantly to her mother. In the embarrassing
+situation in which she was--and one that was liable to become far more
+embarrassing--she needed the support and counsel of her mother.
+
+Far rather would she have been in prison at Nemausus, awaiting a hearing
+before the magistrate, and perhaps condemnation to death, than be as at
+present in a charming country house, attended by obsequious servants,
+provided with every comfort, yet ignorant why she had been brought there,
+and what the trials were to which she would be subjected.
+
+The weather had changed with a suddenness not infrequent in the province.
+The warm days were succeeded by some of raging wind and icy rains. In
+fact, the mistral had begun to blow. As the heated air rose from the stony
+plains, its place was supplied by that which was cold from the snowy
+surfaces of the Alps, and the downrush was like that to which we nowadays
+give the term of blizzard. So violent is the blast on these occasions that
+the tillers of the soil have to hedge round their fields with funereal
+cypresses, to form a living screen against a wind that was said, or
+fabled, to have blown the cow out of one pasture into that of another
+farmer, but which, without fable, was known to upset ricks and carry away
+the roofs of houses.
+
+To a cloudless sky, traversed by a sun of almost summer brilliancy,
+succeeded a heaven dark, iron-gray, with whirling vapors that had no
+contour, and which hung low, trailing their dripping skirts over the
+shivering landscape.
+
+Trees clashed their boughs. The wood behind the villa roared like a
+cataract. In the split ledges and prongs of limestone, among the box-
+bushes and junipers, the wind hissed and screamed. Birds fled for refuge
+to the eaves of houses or to holes in the cliffs. Cattle were brought
+under shelter. Sheep crouched dense packed on the lee side of a stone
+wall. The very ponds and lagoons were whipped and their surfaces flayed by
+the blast. Stones were dislodged on the mountain slopes, and flung down;
+pebbles rolled along the plains, as though lashed forward by whips. The
+penetrating cold necessitated the closing of every shutter, and the
+heating of the hypocaust under the house. In towns, in the houses of the
+better classes, the windows were glazed with thin flakes of mica (_lapis
+specularis_), a transparent stone brought from Spain and Cappadocia, but
+in the country this costly luxury was dispensed with, as the villas were
+occupied only in the heat of summer, when there was no need to exclude the
+air. The window openings were closed with shutters. Rooms were not warmed
+by fireplaces, with wood fires on hearths, but by an arrangement beneath
+the mosaic and cement floor, where a furnace was kindled, and the smoke
+and heated air were carried by numerous pipes up the walls on all sides,
+thus producing a summer heat within when all was winter without.
+
+In the fever of her mind, Perpetua neither felt the asperity of the
+weather nor noticed the comfort of the heated rooms. She was incessantly
+restless, was ever running to the window or the door, as often to be
+disappointed, in anticipation of meeting her mother. She was perplexed as
+to the purpose for which she had been conveyed to Ad Fines. The slave
+woman, Blanda, who attended her, was unable or unwilling to give her
+information. All she pretended to know was that orders had been issued by
+Callipodius, friend and client of AEmilius Lentulus, her master, that the
+young lady was to be made comfortable, was to be supplied with whatever
+she required, and was on no account to be suffered to leave the grounds.
+The family was strictly enjoined not to mention to any one her presence in
+the villa, under pain of severe chastisement.
+
+Blanda was kind and considerate, and had less of the fawning dog in her
+manner than was customary among slaves. It was never possible, even for
+masters, to trust the word of their servants; consequently Perpetua, who
+knew what slaves were, placed little reliance on the asseverations of
+ignorance that fell from the lips of Blanda. There was, in the
+conversation of Blanda, that which the woman intended to reassure, but
+which actually heightened the uneasiness of the girl--this was the way in
+which the woman harped continually on the good looks, amiability and
+wealth of her master, who, as she insisted, belonged to the Voltinian
+tribe, and was therefore one of the best connected and highest placed in
+the colony.
+
+The knowledge that she had been removed to Ad Fines to insure her safety
+did not satisfy Perpetua; and she was by no means assured that she had
+thus been carried off with the approbation and knowledge of her mother, or
+of the bishop and principal Christians of her acquaintance in Nemausus. Of
+AEmilius Varo she really knew nothing save that he was a man of pleasure
+and a lawyer.
+
+Adjoining the house was a conservatory. Citron trees and oleanders in
+large green-painted boxes were employed in summer to decorate the terrace
+and gardens. They were allowed to be out in mild winters, but directly the
+mistral began to howl, the men-servants of the house had hurriedly
+conveyed them within doors into the conservatory, as the gale would strip
+them of their fruit, bruise the leaves and injure the flowers.
+
+In her trouble of mind, unable to go abroad in the bitter weather,
+impatient of quiet, Perpetua entered the citron-house and walked among the
+trees in their green tubs, now praying for help, then wiping the drops
+from her eyes and brow.
+
+As she thus paced, she heard a stir in the house, the opening of doors,
+the rush of wind driving through it, the banging of valves and rattle of
+shutters. Then she heard voices, and among them one that was imperious. A
+moment later, Blanda ran to Perpetua, and after making a low obeisance
+said: "The master is come. He desires permission to speak with you, lady,
+when he hath had his bath and hath assumed a change of raiment. For by the
+mother goddesses, no one can be many moments without and not be drenched
+to the bone. And this exhibits the master's regard for thee, lady; his
+extreme devotion to your person and regard for your comfort, that he has
+exposed himself to cold and rain and wind so as to come hither to inquire
+if you are well, and if there be aught you desire that he can perform to
+content you."
+
+What was Perpetua to do? She plucked some citron blossoms in her nervous
+agitation, unknowing what she did, then answered timidly: "I am in the
+house of the noble AEmilius. Let him speak with me here when it suits his
+convenience. Yet stay, Blanda! Inquire at once, whether he brings me
+tidings of my dear mother."
+
+The slave hasted away, and returned directly to inform Perpetua that her
+master was grieved to relate that he was unable to give her the desired
+information, but that he only awaited instructions from Perpetua to take
+measures to satisfy her.
+
+Then the girl was left alone, and in greater agitation than before. She
+walked among the evergreens, putting the citron flowers to her nose,
+plucking off the leaves, pressing her hand to her brow, and wiping her
+distilling eyes.
+
+The conservatory was unglazed. It was furnished with shutters in which
+were small openings like those in fiddles. Consequently a twilight reigned
+in the place; what light entered was colorless, and without brilliancy.
+Through the openings could be seen the whirling vapors; through them also
+the rain spluttered in, and the wind sighed a plaintive strain, now and
+then rising to a scream.
+
+Perpetua still held the little bunch of citron in her hand; she was as
+unaware that she held it as that she had plucked it. Her mind was
+otherwise engaged, and her nervous fingers must needs clasp something.
+
+As she thus walked, fearing the appearance of AEmilius, and yet desirous of
+having a term put to her suspense, she heard steps, and in another moment
+the young lawyer stood before her. He bowed with hands extended, and with
+courtly consideration would not draw near. Aware that she was shy or
+frightened, he said: "I have to ask your pardon, young lady, for this
+intrusion on your privacy, above all for your abduction to this house of
+mine. It was done without my having been consulted, but was done with good
+intent, by a friend, to place you out of danger. I had no part in the
+matter; nevertheless I rejoice that my house has had the honor of serving
+you as a refuge from such as seek your destruction."
+
+"I thank you," answered the girl constrainedly. "I owe you a word of
+acknowledgment of my lively gratitude for having rescued me from the
+fountain, and another for affording me shelter here. But if I may be
+allowed to ask a favor, it is that my mother be restored to me, or me to
+my mother."
+
+"Alas, lady," said AEmilius, "I have no knowledge where she is. I myself
+have been in concealment--for the rabble has been incensed against me for
+what I was privileged to do, at the Nemausean basin, unworthy that I was.
+I have not since ventured into the town; not that I believe the rabble
+would dare attempt violence against me, but I do not think it wise to
+allow them the chance. I sent my good, blundering friend Callipodius to
+inquire what had become of you, as I was anxious lest you should again be
+in peril of your life; and he--Callipodius--seeing what a ferment there was
+in the town, and how determined the priesthood was to get you once more
+into its power, he consulted his mother wit, and had you conveyed to my
+country house. Believe me, lady, he was actuated by a sincere wish to do
+you service. If he had but taken the Lady Quincta away as well, and lodged
+her here along with you, I would not have a word of reproach for him, nor
+entertain a feeling of guilt in your eyes."
+
+"My mother was in the first litter."
+
+"That litter did not pass out of the gates of Nemausus. Callipodius was
+concerned for your safety, as he knew that it was you who were menaced and
+not your mother."
+
+"But it is painful for me to be away from my mother."
+
+"Lady! you are safer separated from her. If she be, as I presume, still in
+the town, then those who pursue you will prowl about where she is, little
+supposing that you are elsewhere, and the secret of your hiding-place
+cannot be wrung from her if she does not herself know it."
+
+"I concern myself little about my life," said Perpetua. "But, to be alone
+here, away from her, from every relation, in a strange house----"
+
+"I know what you would say, or rather what you feel and do not like to
+say. I have a proposal to make to you which will relieve your difficulty
+if it commends itself to you. It will secure your union with your mother,
+and prevent anything being spoken as to your having been concealed here
+that may offend your honorable feelings."
+
+Perpetua said nothing. She plucked at the petals of the citron flower and
+strewed them on the marble pavement.
+
+"You have been brought to this house, and happily none know that you are
+here, save my client, Callipodius, and myself. But what I desire to say is
+this. Give me a right to make this your refuge, and me a right to protect
+you. If I be not distasteful to you, permit this. I place myself
+unreservedly in your hands. I love you, but my respect for you equals my
+love. I am rich and enjoy a good position. I have nothing I can wish for
+but to be authorized by you to be your defender against every enemy. Be my
+wife, and not all the fools and _flamines_ of the province can touch a
+hair of your head."
+
+The tears welled into Perpetua's eyes. She looked at the young man, who
+stood before her with such dignity and gentleness of demeanor. He seemed
+to her to be as noble, as good as a heathen well could be. He felt for her
+delicate position; he had risked his life and fortunes to save her. He had
+roused the powerful religious faction of his native city against him, and
+he was now extending his protection over her against the priesthood and
+the mob of Nemausus.
+
+"I know," pursued AEmilius, "that I am not worthy of one such as yourself.
+I offer myself because I see no other certain means of making you secure,
+save by your suffering me to be your legitimate defender. If your mother
+will consent, and I am so happy as to have yours, then we will hurry on
+the rites which shall make us one, and not a tongue can stir against you
+and not a hand be lifted to pluck you from my side."
+
+Perpetua dropped the flower, now petalless. She could not speak. He
+respected her emotions, and continued to address her.
+
+"I am confident that I can appease the excitement among the people and the
+priests, and those attached to the worship of the divine ancestor. They
+will not dare to push matters to extremities. The sacrifice has been
+illegal all along, but winked at by the magistrates because a custom
+handed down with the sanction of antiquity. But a resolute protest made--if
+need be an appeal to Caesar--and the priesthood are paralyzed. Consider also
+that as my wife they could no longer demand you. Their hold on you would
+be done for, as none but an unmarried maid may be sacrificed. The very
+utmost they can require in their anger and disappointment will be that you
+should publicly sprinkle a few grains of incense on the altar of
+Nemausus."
+
+"I cannot do that. I am a Christian."
+
+"Believe what you will. Laugh at the gods as do I and many another. A few
+crumbs of frankincense, a little puff of smoke that is soon sped."
+
+"It may not be."
+
+"Remain a Christian, adhere to its philosophy or revelation, as Castor
+calls it. Attend its orgies, and be the protectress of your fellow-
+believers."
+
+"None the less, I cannot do it."
+
+"But why not?"
+
+"I cannot be false to Christ."
+
+"What falsehood is there in this?"
+
+"It is a denial of Him."
+
+"Bah! He died two hundred years ago."
+
+"He lives, He is ever present, He sees and knows all."
+
+"Well, then He will not look harshly on a girl who acts thus to save her
+life."
+
+"I should be false to myself as well as to Him."
+
+"I cannot understand this----"
+
+"No, because you do not know and love Him."
+
+"Love Him!" echoed AEmilius, "He is dead. You never saw Him at any time. It
+is impossible for any one to love one invisible, unseen, a mere historical
+character. See, we have all over Gallia Narbonensis thousands of
+Augustals; they form a sect, if you will. All their worship is of Augustus
+Caesar, who died before your Christ. Do you suppose that one among those
+thousands loves him whom they worship, and after whom they are named, and
+who is their bond of connection? No--it is impossible. It cannot be."
+
+"But with us, to know is to love. Christ is the power of God, and we love
+Him because He first loved us."
+
+"Riddles, riddles!" said AEmilius, shaking his head.
+
+"It is a riddle that may be solved to you some day. I would give my life
+that it were."
+
+"You would?"
+
+"Aye, and with joy. You risked your life for me. I would give mine to win
+for you----"
+
+"What?"
+
+"Faith. Having that you would know how to love."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XIX
+
+                                MARCIANUS
+
+
+When the deacon Baudillas and his faithful Pedo emerged from the river,
+and stood on the bank, they were aware how icy was the blast that blew,
+for it pierced their sodden garments and froze the marrow in their bones.
+
+"Master," said Pedo, "this is the beginning of a storm that will last for
+a week; you must get under shelter, and I will give you certain garments I
+have provided and have concealed hard by in a kiln. The gates of the town
+are shut. I have no need to inform you that we are without the city
+walls."
+
+Pedo guided the deacon to the place where he had hidden a bundle of
+garments, and which was not a bowshot distant from the mouth of the sewer.
+The kiln was small; it had happily been in recent use, for it was still
+warm, and the radiation was grateful to Baudillas, whose teeth were
+chattering in his head.
+
+"I have put here bread and meat, and a small skin of wine," said the
+slave. "I advise you, master, to make a meal; you will relish your food
+better here than in the black-hole. Whilst we eat we consume time
+likewise; but the dawn is returning, and with it the gates will be opened
+and we shall slip in among the market people. But, tell me, whither will
+you go?"
+
+"I would desire, were it advisable, to revisit my own house," said the
+deacon doubtfully.
+
+"And I would advise you to keep clear of it," said the slave. "Should the
+jailer discover that you have escaped, then at once search will be made
+for you, and, to a certainty it will begin at your habitation." Then, with
+a dry laugh, he added, "And if it be found that I have assisted in your
+evasion, then there will be one more likely to give sport to the people at
+the forthcoming show. Grant me the wild beasts and not the cross."
+
+"I will not bring thee into danger, faithful friend."
+
+"I cannot run away on my lame legs," said Pedo. "Ah! as to those shows.
+They are to wind up with a water-fight--such is the announcement. There
+will be gladiators from Arelate sent over to contend in boats against a
+fleet of our Nemausean ruffians. On the previous day there will be sport
+with wild beasts. I am told that there have been wolves trapped during the
+winter in the Cebennae, and sent down here, where they are retained
+fasting. I have heard their howls at night and they have disturbed my
+sleep--their howls and the aches in my thigh. I knew the weather would
+change by the pains in my joint. There is a man named Amphilochius, a
+manumitted slave, who broke into and robbed the villa of the master who
+had freed him. He is a Greek of Iconium, and the public are promised that
+he shall be cast to the beasts; but whether to the panthers, or the
+wolves, or bear, or given to be gored by a bull, that I know not. Then
+there is a taverner from somewhere on the way to Ugernum, who for years
+has murdered such of his guests as he esteemed well furnished with money,
+and has thrown their carcasses into the river. He will fight the beasts.
+There is a bear from Larsacus; but they tell me he is dull, has not yet
+shaken off his winter sleep, and the people fear they will get small
+entertainment out of him."
+
+"You speak of these scenes with relish."
+
+"Ah! master, before I was regenerate I dearly loved the spectacles. But
+the contest with bulls! That discovers the agility of a man. Falerius
+Volupius Servilianus placed rosettes between their horns and gave a prize
+to any who would pluck them away. That was open to be contested for by all
+the youths of Nemausus. There was little danger to life or limb, and it
+taught them to be quick of eye and nimble in movement. But it was because
+none were gored that the spectators wearied of these innocent sports and
+clamored for the butchery of criminals and the contests of gladiators.
+There was a fine Numidian lion brought by a shipmaster to Agatha; a big
+price was asked, and the citizens of Narbo outbid us, so we lost that fine
+fellow."
+
+"Ah, Pedo! please God that none of the brethren be exposed to the beasts."
+
+"I think there will not be many. The Quatuor-viri are slow to condemn, and
+Petronius Atacinus most unwilling of all. There are real criminals in the
+prison sufficient to satisfy an ordinary appetite for blood. But, see! we
+are discussing the amphitheater and not considering whither thou wilt
+betake thyself."
+
+"I have been turning the matter over, and I think that I will go first to
+Marcianus, my brother-deacon, and report myself to be alive and free, that
+he may inform the bishop; and I will take his advice as to my future
+conduct, and where I shall bestow myself."
+
+"He has remained unmolested," said the slave, "and that is to me passing
+strange, for I have been told that certain of the brethren, when
+questioned relative to the mutilation of the statue, have accused him by
+name. Yet, so far, nothing has been done. Yet I think his house is
+watched; I have noticed one Burrhus hanging about it; and Tarsius, they
+say, has turned informer. See, master! the darkness is passing away;
+already there is a wan light in the east."
+
+"Had the mouth of the kiln been turned to the setting in place of the
+rising sun, we should not have felt the wind so greatly. Well, Pedo, we
+will be on the move. Market people from the country will be at the gates.
+I will consult with Marcianus before I do aught."
+
+An hour later, Baudillas and his attendant were at the gate of Augustus,
+and passed in unchallenged. Owing to the furious mistral, accompanied by
+driving rain, the guards muffled themselves in their cloaks and paid
+little attention to the peasants bringing in their poultry, fish and
+vegetables for sale. The deacon and his slave entered unnoticed along with
+a party of these. In the street leading to the forum was a knot of people
+about an angry potter whose stall had been blown over by the wind. He had
+set boards on trestles, and laid out basins, pitchers, lamps, urns on the
+planks; over all he had stretched sail-cloth. The wind had caught the
+awning and beaten it down, upsetting and crushing his ware. The potter was
+swearing that he was ruined, and that his disaster was due to the
+Christians, who had exasperated the gods by their crimes and impieties.
+
+Some looking on laughed and asked, shouting, whether the gods did not blow
+as strong blasts out of their lungs every year about the same time, and
+whether they did so because annually insulted.
+
+"But they don't break my crocks," stormed the potter.
+
+"Charge double for what remain unfractured," joked an onlooker.
+
+"Come, master," said Pedo, plucking Baudillas by the sleeve. "If that
+angry fellow recognize you, you are lost. Hold my cloak and turn down the
+lane, then we are at the _posticum_, at the back of the house. I know some
+of the family, and they will admit us."
+
+Near by was a shop for flowers. Over the shop front was the inscription,
+"Non vendo nisi amantibus coronas" ("I sell garlands to lovers only").(10)
+The woman in charge of the bunches and crowns of spring flowers looked
+questioningly at Baudillas. Her wares were such as invited only when the
+sun shone. The poor flowers had a draggled and desponding appearance. No
+lovers came to buy in the bitter mistral.
+
+"Come, master, we shall be recognized," said Pedo.
+
+In another moment they had passed out of the huffle of the wind and the
+drift of the rain into the shelter and warmth of a dwelling.
+
+Pedo bade a slave go to Marcianus and tell the deacon that someone below
+desired a word with him. Almost immediately the man returned with orders
+to conduct the visitor to the presence of the master.
+
+Baudillas was led along a narrow passage into a chamber in the inner part
+of the house, away from the apartments for the reception of guests.
+
+The room was warmed. It was small, and had a glazed window; that is to
+say, the opening was closed by a sheet of stalagmite from one of the caves
+of Larsacus, cut thin.
+
+In this chamber, seated on an easy couch, with a roll in his hand, which
+he was studying, was Marcianus. His countenance was hard and haughty.
+
+"You!" he exclaimed, starting with surprise. "What brings you here? I
+heard that you had been before the magistrate and had confessed. But, bah!
+of such as you martyrs are not made. You have betrayed us and got off
+clear yourself."
+
+"You mistake, brother," answered Baudillas, modestly. "In one thing are
+you right--I am not of the stuff out of which martyrs and confessors are
+fashioned. But I betrayed no one. Not that there is any merit due to me
+for that. I was in such a dire and paralyzing fright that I could not
+speak."
+
+"How then come you here?"
+
+"As we read that the Lord sent His angel to deliver Peter from prison, so
+has it been with me."
+
+"You lie!" said Marcianus angrily. "No miracle was wrought for you--for
+such as you who shiver and quake and lose power of speech! Bah! Come, give
+me a more rational explanation of your escape."
+
+"My slave was the angel who delivered me."
+
+"So you ran away! Could not endure martyrdom, saw the crown shining, and
+turned tail and used your legs. I can well believe it. Coward! Unworthy of
+the name of a Christian, undeserving of the cross marked on thy brow,
+unbecoming of the ministry."
+
+"I know that surely enough," said Baudillas; "I am of timorous stuff, and
+from childhood feared pain. But I have not denied Christ."
+
+"What has brought you here?" asked Marcianus curtly.
+
+"I have come to thee for counsel."
+
+"The counsel I give thou wilt not take. What saith the Scripture: 'He that
+putteth his hand to the plough and turneth back is not fit for the kingdom
+of God.' Thou wast called to a glorious confession, and looked back and
+ran away."
+
+"And thy counsel?"
+
+"Return and surrender, and win the crown and palm. But it is waste of
+breath to say such words to thee. I know thee. Wast thou subjected to
+torture?"
+
+"No, brother."
+
+"No; not the rack, nor the torches, nor the hooks, nor the thumbscrews.
+Oh, none of these!"
+
+"No, brother. It is true, I was scarce tried at all. Indeed, it was good
+luck--God forgive me!--it was through His mercy that I was saved from
+denying the faith. I was not even asked to sacrifice."
+
+"Well; go thy ways. I cannot advise thee."
+
+"Stay," said Baudillas. "I saw in the outer prison some of the faithful,
+but was in too great fear to recognize any. Who have been taken?"
+
+"The last secured has been the widow Quincta. The pontiff and the _flamen_
+Augustalis and the priestess of Nemausus swear that she shall be put on
+the rack and tortured till she reveals where her daughter is concealed,
+and that amiable drone, the acting magistrate, has given consent. Dost
+thou know where the damsel Perpetua is concealed?"
+
+"Indeed, Marcianus, I know not. But tell me: hast thou not been inquired
+for? I have been told how that some have accused thee."
+
+"Me! Who said that?"
+
+Marcianus started, and his face worked. "Bah! they dare not touch me. I
+belong to the Falerii; we have had magistrates in our family, and one
+clothed with the pro-consulship. They will not venture to lay hands on
+me."
+
+"But what if they know, and it is known through the town, that it was thou
+who didst mutilate the statue of the founder?"
+
+"They do not know it."
+
+"Nay, thou deceivest thyself. It is known. Some of those who were at the
+Agape have spoken."
+
+"It was thou--dog that thou art!"
+
+"Nay, it was not I."
+
+Marcianus rose and strode up and down the room, biting his nails. Then,
+contemptuously, he said: "My family will stand between me and mob or
+magistrate. I fear not. But get thee gone. Thou compromisest me by thy
+presence, thou runagate and jail-breaker."
+
+"I came here but to notify my escape and to ask counsel of thee."
+
+"Get thee gone. Fly out of Nemausus, or thy chattering tongue will be set
+going and reveal everything that ought to be kept secret." Then taking a
+turn he added to himself, "I belong to the Falerii."
+
+Baudillas left; and, as he went from the door, Pedo whispered in his ear:
+"Let us escape to Ad Fines. We can do so in this detestable weather. I
+have an old friend there, named Blanda. In my youth I loved--ah! welladay!
+that was long ago--and we were the chattels of different masters, so it
+came to naught. She is still a slave, but she may be able to assist us. I
+can be sure of that; for the remembrance of our old affection, she will do
+what lies in her power to secrete us."
+
+He suddenly checked himself, plucked the deacon back, and drew him against
+the wall.
+
+An aedile, attended by a body of the city police, armed like soldiers,
+advanced and silently surrounded the house of Marcianus.
+
+Then the officer struck the door thrice, and called: "By the authority of
+Petronius Atacinus and Vibius Fuscianus, Quatuor-viri juridicundo, and in
+the name of the Imperator Caesar Augustus, Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, I
+arrest Cneius Falerius Marcianus, on the atrocious charge of sacrilege."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XX
+
+                             IN THE BASILICA
+
+
+The Quatuorvir Petronius Atacinus, who was on duty, occupied his chair in
+the stately Plotinian Basilica, or court of justice, that had been erected
+by Hadrian, in honor of the lady to whose ingenious and unscrupulous
+maneuvers he owed his elevation to the throne of the Caesars. Of this
+magnificent structure nothing remains at present save some scraps of the
+frieze in the museum.
+
+When the weather permitted, Petronius or his colleagues liked to hear a
+case in the open air, from a tribune in the forum. But this was impossible
+to-day, in the howling wind and lashing rain. The court itself was
+comparatively deserted. A very few had assembled to hear the trials. None
+who had a warmed home that day left it uncalled for. Some market women set
+their baskets in the doorway and stepped inside, but it was rather because
+they were wet and out of breath than because they were interested in the
+proceedings. Beside the magistrate sat the chief _pontifex_ who was also
+Augustal _flamen_. Of _pontifices_ there were three in the city, but one
+of these was a woman, the priestess of Nemausus.
+
+Throughout the south of Gaul the worship of Augustus had become
+predominant, and had displaced most of the ancestral cults. The temples
+dedicated to Augustus exceeded in richness all others, and were crowded
+when the rest were deserted.
+
+Jupiter was only not forgotten because he had borrowed some of the
+attributes of the Gallic solar deity, and he flourished the golden wheel
+in one hand and brandished the lightnings in the other. Juno had lent her
+name to a whole series of familiar spirits of the mountains and of the
+household, closely allied to the _Proxumes_, a set of domestic Brownies or
+Kobolds, who were chiefly adored and propitiated by the women, and who had
+no other temple than the hearth. At Tarasconum, the Phoenician goddess
+Britomartis reigned supreme, and her worship was stimulated by a grand
+annual procession and dramatic representation of her conquest over a
+dragon. At Nemausus the corresponding god of war was called Mars
+Britovius. But the Volcae Arecomici were a peaceably-disposed people, and
+paid little devotion to the god of battles. The cult of the founder
+Nemausus did not flag, but that of Augustus was in the ascendant. All the
+freedmen were united in one great sodality under his invocation, and this
+guild represented an important political factor in the land. It had its
+religious officers, its _flamines_ and _seviri_, attended by lictors, and
+the latter had charge of all the altars at the crossroads, and sat next to
+the civic functionaries in the courts, at banquets, in the theater. Rich
+citizens bequeathed large sums to the town and to the sodalities to be
+expended in public feasts, in largesses, and in gladiatorial shows. The
+charge of these bequests, as also their distribution, was in the hands of
+the _flamines_ and _seviri_. The priesthood was, therefore, provided with
+the most powerful of all means for gaining and moving the multitude, which
+desired nothing better than bread and games.
+
+"Have that door shut!" called the magistrate. "It bangs in this evil wind,
+and I cannot even hear what my excellent friend Lucius Smerius is saying
+in my ear; how then can I catch what is said in court?" Then, turning to
+the pontiff, he said: "I detest this weather. Last year, about this time,
+I was struck with an evil blast, and lost all sense of smell and taste for
+nine months. I had pains in my loins and an ache in all my bones. I doubt
+if even the jests of Baubo could have made me laugh; I was in lower dumps
+than even Ceres. Even now, when seated far too long in this marble chair,
+I get an ache across my back that assures me I am no longer young. But I
+could endure that if my sense of taste had been fully restored. I do not
+relish good wine as of old, and that is piteous, and I really at times
+think of suicide."
+
+"It was the work of enchantment," said the pontiff. "These Christians, in
+their orgies, stick pins into images to produce pains in those the figures
+represent."
+
+"How do you know this? Have you been initiated into their mysteries?"
+
+"I----! The Immortals preserve me therefrom."
+
+"Then, by Pluto, you speak what you have heard of the gossips--old wives'
+babble. I will tell you what my opinion is, Smerius. If you were to thrust
+your nose into the mysteries of the Bona Dea you would find--what? No more
+than did Clodius--nothing at all. My wife, she attends them, and comes home
+with her noddle full of all the tittle-tattle of Nemausus. It is so with
+the Christian orgies. I would not give a snap of the fingers for all the
+secrets confided to the initiated--neither in Eleusis nor in the Serapium,
+nor among the Christians."
+
+"These men are not like others; they are unsociable, brutish, arrogant."
+
+"Unsociable I allow. Brutish! The word is inapt; for, on the contrary, I
+find them very simple, soft-headed, pulp-hearted folk. They abstain from
+all that is boisterous and cruel. Arrogant they may be. There I am at one
+with you. 'Live and let live' is my maxim. We have a score of gods, home
+made and foreign, and they all rub and tumble together without squabbling.
+Of late we have had Madame Isis over from Egypt, and the White Ladies,(11)
+and the Proxumes, Victoria Augusta, Venus, and Minerva, make room for her
+without even a frown on their divine faces. And imperial Rome sanctions
+all these devotions. Why, did not the god Augustus build a temple here to
+Nemausus and pay him divine honors, though he had never heard him named
+before? Now this Christian sect is exclusive. It will suffer no gods to
+stand beside Him whom they adore. He must reign alone. That I call
+illiberal, narrow-minded, against the spirit of the age and the principle
+of Roman policy. That is the reason why I dislike these Christians."
+
+"Here come the prisoners. My good friend, do not be too easy with them. It
+will not do. The temper of the people is up. The sodality of Augustus
+swear that they will not decree you a statue, and will oppose your
+nomination to the knighthood. They have joined hands with the Cultores
+Nemausi, and insist that proper retribution be administered to the
+transgressors, and that the girl be surrendered."
+
+"It shall be done; it shall be so," said the Quatuorvir. Then, raising his
+hand to his mouth, and speaking behind it--not that in the roar of the wind
+such a precaution was necessary--he said to the pontiff: "My dear man, a
+magistrate has other matters to consider than pleasing the clubs. There is
+the prince over all, and he is on the way to Narbonese Gaul. It is
+whispered that he is favorably disposed towards this Nazarene sect."
+
+"The Augustus would not desire to have the laws set at naught, and the
+sodalities are rich enough to pay to get access to him and make their
+complaint."
+
+"Well, well, well! I cannot please all. I have to steer my course among
+shoals and rocks. Keep the question of Christianity in the background and
+charge on other grounds. That is my line. I will do my best to please all
+parties. We must have sport for the games. The rabble desire to have some
+one punished for spoiling their pet image. But, by the Twins, could not
+the poor god hold his own head on his shoulders? If he had been worth an
+as, he would have done so. But there, I nettle you. You shall be satisfied
+along with the rest. Bring up the prisoners: Quincta, widow of Aulus
+Harpinius Laeto, first of all."
+
+The mother of Perpetua was led forward in a condition of terror that
+rendered her almost unconscious, and unable to sustain herself.
+
+"Quincta," said the magistrate, "have no fear for yourself. I have no
+desire to deal sharply with you; if you will inform us where is your
+daughter, you shall be dismissed forthwith."
+
+"I do not know----" The poor woman could say no more.
+
+"Give her a seat," ordered Petronius. Then to the prisoner: "Compose
+yourself. No doubt that, as a mother, you desire to screen your daughter,
+supposing that her life is menaced. No such thing, madame. I have spoken
+with the priestess, and with my good friend here, Lucius Smerius, chief
+pontiff, Augustal _flamen_, and public haruspex." He bowed to the priest
+at his side. "I am assured that the god, when he spoke, made no demand for
+a sacrifice. That is commuted. All he desires is that the young virgin
+should pass into his service, and be numbered among his priestesses."
+
+"She will not consent," gasped Quincta.
+
+"I hardly need to point out the honor and advantage offered her. The
+priestesses enjoy great favor with the people, have seats of honor at the
+theater, take a high position in all public ceremonies, and are maintained
+by rich endowments."
+
+"She will never consent," repeated the mother.
+
+"Of that we shall judge for ourselves. Where is the girl?"
+
+"I do not know."
+
+"How so?"
+
+"She has been carried away from me; I know not whither."
+
+"When the old ewe baas the lamb will bleat," said the Quatuorvir. "We
+shall find the means to make you produce her. Lady Quincta, my duty
+compels me to send you back to prison. You shall be allowed two days'
+respite. Unless, by the end of that time, you are able and willing to give
+us the requisite information, you will be put to the question, and I doubt
+not that a turn of the rack will refresh your memory and relax your
+tongue."
+
+"I cannot tell what I do not know."
+
+"Remove the woman."
+
+The magistrate leaned back, and turning his head to the pontiff, said:
+"Did not your worthy father, Spurius, die of a surfeit of octopus? I had a
+supper off the legs last night, and they made me sleep badly; they are no
+better than marine leather." Then to the _vigiles_: "Bring forward
+Falerius Marcianus."
+
+The deacon was conducted before the magistrate. He was pale, and his lips
+ashen and compressed. His dark eyes turned in every direction. He was
+looking for kinsmen and patron.
+
+"You are charged, Falerius, with having broken the image of the god whom
+Nemausus delights to honor, and who is the reputed founder of the city.
+You conveyed his head to the house of Baudillas, and several witnesses
+have deposed that you made boast that you had committed the sacrilegious
+act of defacing the statue. What answer make you to this?"
+
+Marcianus replied in a low voice.
+
+"Speak up," said the magistrate; "I cannot hear thee, the wind blusters
+and bellows so loud." Aside to the pontiff Smerius he added: "And ever
+since that evil blast you wot of, I have suffered from a singing in my
+ears."
+
+"I did it," said the deacon. Again he looked about him, but saw none to
+support him.
+
+"Then," said the magistrate, "we shall at once conclude this matter. The
+outrage is too gross to be condoned or lightly punished. Even thy friends
+and kinsfolk have not appeared to speak for thee. Thy family has been one
+of dignity and authority in Nemausus. There have been members who have
+been clothed with the Quatuorvirate _de aerario_ and have been accorded
+the use of a horse at public charge. Several have been decurions wearing
+the white toga and the purple stripe. This aggravates the impiety of your
+act. I sentence Cneius Falerius Marcianus, son of Marius Audolatius, of
+the Voltinian tribe, to be thrown to the beasts in the approaching show,
+and that his goods be confiscated, and that out of his property
+restitution be made, by which a new statue to the god Nemausus be
+provided, to be set up in the place of that injured by the same Cneius
+Falerius Marcianus."
+
+The deacon made an attempt to speak. He seemed overwhelmed with
+astonishment and dismay at the sentence, so utterly unexpected in its
+severity. He gesticulated and cried out, but the Quatuorvir was cold and
+weary. He had pronounced a sentence that would startle all the town, and
+he thought he had done enough.
+
+"Remove him at once," said he.
+
+Then Petronius turned to the pontiff and said: "Now, my Smerius, what say
+you to this? Will not this content you and all the noisy rag-tag at your
+back?"
+
+Next he commanded the rest of the prisoners to be brought forward
+together. This was a mixed number of poor persons, some women, some old
+men, boys, slaves and freedmen; none belonged to the upper class or even
+to that of the manufacturers and tradesmen.
+
+"You are all dismissed," said the magistrate. "The imprisonment you have
+undergone will serve as a warning to you not to associate with image-
+breakers, not to enter into sodalities which have not received the
+sanction of Caesar, and which are not compatible with the well-being and
+quiet of the city and are an element of disturbance in the empire. Let us
+hear no more of this pestilent nonsense. Go--worship what god ye will--only
+not Christos."
+
+Then the lictors gathered around the Quatuorvir and the pontiff, who also
+rose, and extended his hand to assist the magistrate, who made wry faces
+as rheumatic twinges nipped his back.
+
+"Come with me, Smerius," said the Quatuorvir, "I have done the best for
+you that lay in my power. I hate unnecessary harshness. But this fellow,
+Falerius Marcianus, has deserved the worst. If the old woman be put on the
+rack and squeak out, and Marcianus be devoured by beasts, the people will
+have their amusement, and none can say that I have acted with excessive
+rigor--and, my dear man--not a word has been said about Christianity. The
+cases have been tried on other counts, do you see?" he winked. "Will you
+breakfast with me? There are mullets from the Satera, stewed in white
+wine--confound those octopi!--I feel them still."
+
+
+
+
+
+                               CHAPTER XXI
+
+                              A MANUMISSION
+
+
+"Blanda, what shall I do?"
+
+AEmilius had withdrawn immediately after the interview in the citron-house,
+and Perpetua was left a prey to even greater distress of mind than before.
+
+Accustomed to lean on her mother, she was now without support. She drew
+towards the female slave, who had a patient, gentle face, marked with
+suffering.
+
+"Blanda, what shall I do?"
+
+"Mistress, how can I advise? If you had been graciously pleased to take
+counsel of my master, he would have instructed you."
+
+"Alack! what I desire is to find my mother. If, as I suppose, she is in
+concealment in Nemausus, he will be unable to discover her. No clue will
+be put into his hand. He will be regarded with suspicion. He will search;
+I do not doubt his good will, but he will not find. Those who know where
+my mother is will look on him with suspicion. O Blanda, is there none in
+this house who believes, whom I could send to some of the Church?"
+
+"Lady," answered the slave, "there be no Christians here. There is a Jew,
+but he entertains a deadly hate of such as profess to belong to this sect.
+To the rest one religion is as indifferent as another. Some swear by the
+White Ladies, some by Serapis, and there is one who talks much of Mithras,
+but who this god is I know not."
+
+"If I am to obtain information it must be through some one who is to be
+trusted."
+
+"Lady," said the woman-slave, "the master has given strict orders that
+none shall speak of you as having found a shelter here. Yet when slaves
+get together, by the Juno of the oaks, I believe men chatter and are
+greater magpies than we women; their tongues run away with them,
+especially when they taste wine. If one of the family were sent on this
+commission into the town, ten _sesterces_ to an _as_, he would tell that
+you are here, and would return as owlish and ignorant as when he went
+forth. Men's minds are cudgels, not awls. If thou desirest to find out a
+thing, trust a woman, not a man."
+
+"I cannot rest till I have news."
+
+"There has been a great search made after Christians, and doubtless she
+is, as thou sayest, in concealment, surely among friends. Have patience."
+
+"But, Blanda, she is in an agony of mind as to what has become of me."
+
+The slave-woman considered for awhile, and then said:
+
+"There is a man who might help; he certainly can be relied on. He is of
+the strange sect I know, and he would do anything for me, and would betray
+no secrets."
+
+"Who is that?"
+
+"His name is Pedo, and he is the slave to Baudillas Macer, son of Carisius
+Adgonna, who has a house in the lower town."
+
+"O Blanda!" exclaimed Perpetua, "it was from the house of Baudillas that I
+was enticed away." Then, after some hesitation, she added: "That house, I
+believe, was invaded by the mob; but I think my mother had first escaped."
+
+"Lady, I have heard that Baudillas has been taken before the magistrate,
+and has been cast into the _robur_, because that in his house was found
+the head of the god; and it was supposed that he was guilty of the
+sacrilege, either directly or indirectly. He that harbors a thief is
+guilty as the thief. I heard that yesterday. No news has since been
+received. I mistrust my power of reaching the town, of standing against
+the gale. Moreover, as the master has been imprisoned, it is not likely
+that the slave will be in the empty house. Yet, if thou wilt tarry till
+the gale be somewhat abated and the rain cease to fall in such a rush, I
+will do my utmost to assist thee. I will go to the town myself, and
+communicate with Pedo, if I can find him. He will trust me, poor fellow!"
+
+"I cannot require thee to go forth in this furious wind," said Perpetua.
+
+"And, lady, thou must answer to my master for me. Say that I went at thine
+express commands; otherwise I shall be badly beaten."
+
+"Is thy master so harsh?"
+
+"Oh, I am a slave. Who thinks of a slave any more than of an ass or a
+lapdog? It was through a severe scourging with the cat that I was brought
+to know Pedo."
+
+"Tell me, how was that?"
+
+"Does my lady care for matters that affect her slave?"
+
+"Nay, good Blanda, we Christians know no difference between bond and free.
+All are the children of one God, who made man. Our master, though Lord of
+all, made Himself of no reputation, but took on Him the form of a servant;
+and was made subject for us."
+
+"That is just how Pedo talks. We slaves have our notions of freedom and
+equality, and there is much tall talk in the servants' hall on the rights
+of man. But I never heard of a master or mistress holding such opinions."
+
+"Nevertheless this doctrine is a principle of our religion. Listen to
+this; the words are those of one of our great teachers: 'There is neither
+Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor
+female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus.'"
+
+"Was he a slave who said that?"
+
+"No; he was a Roman citizen."
+
+"That I cannot understand. Yet perhaps he spoke it at an election time, or
+when he was an advocate in the forum. It was a sentiment; very fine,
+smartly put, but not to be practiced."
+
+"There, Blanda, you are wrong. We Christians do act upon this principle,
+and it forms a bond of union between us."
+
+"Well, I understand it not. I have heard the slaves declaim among
+themselves, saying that they were as good as, nay, better than, their
+masters; but they never whispered such a thought where were their masters'
+ears, or they would have been soundly whipped. In the forum, when lawyers
+harangue, they say fine things of this sort; and when candidates are
+standing for election, either as a sevir or as a quatuorvir, all sorts of
+fine words fly about, and magnificent promises are made, but they are
+intended only to tickle ears and secure votes. None believe in them save
+the vastly ignorant and the very fools."
+
+"Come, tell me about thyself and Pedo."
+
+"Ah, lady, that was many years ago. I was then in the household of Helvia
+Secundilla, wife of Calvius Naso. On one occasion, because I had not
+brought her May-dew wherewith to bathe her face to remove sun-spots, she
+had me cruelly beaten. There were knucklebones knotted in the cat
+wherewith I was beaten. Thirty-nine lashes I received. I could not collect
+May-dew, for the sky was overcast and the herb was dry. But she regarded
+not my excuse. Tullia, my fellow-slave, was more sly. She filled a flask
+at a spring and pretended that she had gathered it off the grass, and that
+her fraud might not be detected, she egged her mistress on against me. I
+was chastised till my back was raw."
+
+"Poor Blanda!"
+
+"Aye, my back was one bleeding wound, and yet I was compelled to put on my
+garment and go forth again after May-dew. It was then that I encountered
+Pedo. I was in such pain that I walked sobbing, and my tears fell on the
+arid grass. He came to me, moved by compassion, and spoke kindly, and my
+heart opened, and I told him all. Then he gave me a flask filled with a
+water in which elder flowers had been steeped, and bade me wash my back
+therewith."
+
+"And it healed thee?"
+
+"It soothed the fever of my blood and the anguish of my wounds. They
+closed, and in a few days were cicatriced. But Pedo had been fellow-slave
+with a Jewish physician, and from him had learned the use of simples. My
+mistress found no advantage from the spring-water brought her as May-dew.
+Then I offered her some of the decoction given me by Pedo, and that had a
+marvelous effect on her freckles. Afterwards her treatment of me was
+kinder, and it was Tullia who received the whippings."
+
+"And did you see more of Pedo?"
+
+Blanda colored.
+
+"Mistress, that was the beginning of our acquaintance. He was with a good
+master, Baudillas Macer, who, he said, would manumit him at any time. But,
+alas! what would that avail me? I remained in bondage. Ah, lady, Pedo
+regarded me with tenderness, and, indeed, I could have been happy with
+none other but him."
+
+"He is old and lame."
+
+"Ah, lady, I think the way he moves on his lame hip quite beautiful. I do
+not admire legs when one is of the same length as another--it gives a stiff
+uniformity not to my taste."
+
+"And he is old?"
+
+"Ripe, lady--full ripe as a fig in August. Sour fruit are unpleasant to
+eat. Young men are prigs and think too much of themselves."
+
+"How long ago was it that this acquaintance began?"
+
+"Five and twenty years. I trusted, when my master, Calvius Naso--he was so
+called because he really had a long nose, and my mistress was wont to
+tweak it--but there! I wander. I did think that he would have given me my
+freedom. In his illness I attended to him daily, nightly. I did not sleep,
+I was ever on the watch for him. As to my mistress, she was at her
+looking-glass, and using depilatory fluid on some hairs upon her chin,
+expecting shortly to be a widow. She did not concern herself about the
+master. He died, but left money only for the erection of a statue in the
+forum. Me he utterly forgot. Then my mistress sold me to the father of my
+present master. When he died also he manumitted eight slaves, but they
+were all men. His monument stands beside the road to Tolosa, with eight
+Phrygian caps sculptured on it, to represent the manumissions; but me--he
+forgot."
+
+"Then, for all these five and twenty years you have cared for Pedo and
+desired to be united to him!"
+
+"Yes, I longed for it greatly for twenty years, and so did he, poor
+fellow; but, after that, hope died. I have now no hope, no joy in life, no
+expectation of aught. Presently will come death, and death ends all."
+
+"No, Blanda; that is not what we hold. We look for eternal life."
+
+"For masters, not for slaves."
+
+"For slaves as well as masters, and then God will wipe away all tears from
+our eyes."
+
+"Alack, mistress. The power to hope is gone from me. In a wet season, when
+there is little sun, then the fruit mildews on the tree and drops off.
+When we were young we put forth the young fruit of hopes; but there has
+been no sun. They fall off, and the tree can bear no more."
+
+"Blanda, if ever I have the power----"
+
+"Oh, mistress, with my master you can do anything."
+
+"Blanda, I do not know that I can ask him for this--thy freedom. But, if
+the opportunity offers, I certainly will not forget thee."
+
+A slave appeared at the door and signed to Blanda, who, with an obeisance,
+asked leave to depart. The leave was given, and she left the room.
+
+Presently she returned in great excitement, followed by Baudillas and
+Pedo, both drenched with rain and battered by the gale.
+
+Perpetua uttered an exclamation of delight, and rushed to the deacon with
+extended arms.
+
+"I pray, I pray, give me some news of my mother."
+
+But he drew back likewise surprised, and replied with another question:
+
+"The Lady Perpetua! And how come you to be here?"
+
+"That I will tell later," answered the girl. "Now inform me as to my
+mother."
+
+"Alas!" replied Baudillas, wiping the rain from his face, "the news is
+sad. She has been taken before Petronius, and has been consigned to
+prison."
+
+"My mother is in prison!"
+
+The deacon desired to say no more, but he was awkward at disguising his
+unwillingness to speak the whole truth. The eager eyes of the girl read
+the hesitation in his face.
+
+"I beseech you," she urged, "conceal nothing from me."
+
+"I have told you, she is in jail."
+
+"On what charge? Who has informed against her?"
+
+"I was not in the court when she was tried. I know very little. I was near
+the town, waiting about, and I got scraps of information from some of our
+people, and from Pedo, who went into the city."
+
+"Then you do know. Answer me truly. Tell me all."
+
+"I--I was in prison myself, but escaped through the aid of Pedo. I tarried
+in an old kiln. He advised that I should come on here, where he had
+friends. Dost thou know that Marcianus has been sentenced? He will win
+that glorious crown which I have lost. I--I, unworthy, I fled, when it
+might have been mine. Yet, God forgive me! I am not ungrateful to Pedo.
+Marcianus said I was a coward, and unfit for the Kingdom of God; that I
+should be excluded because I had turned back. God forgive me!"
+
+Suddenly Perpetua laid hold of Baudillas by both arms, and so gripped him
+that the water oozed between her fingers and dropped on the floor.
+
+"I adjure thee, by Him in whom we both believe, answer me truly, speak
+fully. Is my mother retained in prison till I am found?"
+
+The deacon looked down nervously, uncomfortably, and shuffled from foot to
+foot.
+
+"Understand," said he, after a long silence, "all I learned is by hearsay.
+I really know nothing for certain."
+
+"I suffer more by your silence than were I to be told the truth, be the
+truth never so painful."
+
+"Have I not said it? The Lady Quincta is in prison."
+
+"Is that all?"
+
+Again he maintained an embarrassed silence.
+
+"It matters not," said Perpetua firmly. "I will my own self find out what
+has taken place. I shall return to Nemausus on foot, and immediately. I
+will deliver myself up to the magistrate and demand my mother's release."
+
+"You must not go--the weather is terrible."
+
+"I shall--nothing can stay me. I shall go, and go alone, and go at once."
+
+"There is no need for such haste. It is not till to-morrow that Quincta
+will be put on the rack."
+
+"On the rack!"
+
+"Fool that I am! I have uttered what I should have kept secret."
+
+"It is said. My resolve is formed. I return to Nemausus."
+
+"Then," said the deacon, "I will go with thee."
+
+"There is no need. I will take Blanda."
+
+"I will go. A girl, a young girl shames me. I run away from death, and she
+offers herself to the sword. Marcianus said I was a renegade. I will not
+be thought to have denied my Master--to have fled from martyrdom."
+
+"Then," said Perpetua, "I pray thee this--first give freedom unto Pedo."
+
+Baudillas administered a slight stroke on the cheek to his slave, and
+said:
+
+"Go; thou art discharged from bondage."
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXII
+
+                                THE ARENA
+
+
+The games that were to be given in the amphitheater of Nemausus on the
+nones of March were due to a bequest of Domitius Afer, the celebrated, or
+rather infamous, informer and rhetorician, who had brought so many
+citizens of Rome to death during the principate of Tiberius. He had run
+great risk himself under Caligula, but had escaped by a piece of adroit
+flattery. In dying he bequeathed a large sum out of his ill-gotten
+gains--the plunder of those whom he had destroyed, and whose families he
+had ruined--to be expended in games in the amphitheater on the nones of
+March, for the delectation of the citizens, and to keep his memory green
+in his native city.
+
+The games were to last two days. On the first there would be contests with
+beasts, and on the second a water combat, when the arena would be flooded
+and converted into a lake.
+
+Great anxiety was entertained relative to the weather. Unless the mistral
+ceased and the rain passed away, it would be impossible for the sports to
+be held. It was true that the entire oval could be covered in by curtains
+and mats, stretched between poles, but this contrivance was intended as
+shelter against sun and not rain. Moreover, the violence of the wind had
+rendered it quite impossible to extend the curtains.
+
+The town was in the liveliest excitement. The man guilty of having
+mutilated the statue had been sentenced to be cast to the beasts, and this
+man was no vulgar criminal out of the slums, but belonged to one of the
+superior "orders."
+
+That a great social change had taken place in the province, and that the
+freedmen had stepped into power and influence, to the displacement of
+their former masters, was felt by the descendants of the first AEgypto-
+Greek colonists, and by the relics of the Gaulish nobility, but they
+hardly endured to admit the fact in words. The exercise of the rights of
+citizenship, the election of the officials, the qualification for filling
+the superior secular and religious offices, belonged to the decurion or
+noble families. Almost the sole office open to those below was that of the
+seviri; and yet even in elections the freedmen were beginning to exhibit a
+power of control.
+
+Now, one of the old municipal families was to be humbled by a member being
+subjected to the degradation of death in the arena, and none of the
+Falerii ventured to raise a voice in his defence, so critical did they
+perceive the situation to be. The sodality of the Augustals in conclave
+had determined that an example was to be made of Marcianus, and had made
+this plain to the magistrates. They had even insisted on the manner of his
+execution. His death would be a plain announcement to the decurion class
+that its domination was at an end. The ancient patrician and plebeian
+families of Rome had been extinguished in blood, and their places filled
+by a new nobility of army factors and money-lenders. A similar revolution
+had taken place in the provinces by less bloody means. There, the transfer
+of power was due largely to the favor of the prince accorded to the
+freedmen.
+
+In the Augustal colleges everywhere, the Caesar had a body of devoted
+adherents, men without nationality, with no historic position, no
+traditions of past independence; men, moreover, who were shrewd enough to
+see that by combination they would eventually be able to wrest the control
+of the municipal government from those who had hitherto exercised it.
+
+The rumor spread rapidly that a fresh entertainment was to be provided.
+The damsel who had been rescued from the basin of Nemausus had surrendered
+herself in order to obtain the release of her mother; and the magistrate
+in office, Petronius Atacinus, out of consideration for the good people of
+the town, whom he loved, and out of reverence for the gods who had been
+slighted, had determined that she should be produced in the arena, and
+there obliged publicly to sacrifice, and then to be received into the
+priesthood. Should she, however, prove obdurate, then she would be
+tortured into compliance.
+
+Nor was this all. Baudillas Macer, the last scion of a decayed Volcian
+family, who had been cast into the pit of the _robur_, but had escaped,
+was also to be brought out and executed, as having assisted in the rescue
+of Perpetua from the fountain, but chiefly for having connived at the
+crime of Falerius Marcianus.
+
+To the general satisfaction, the wind fell as suddenly as it had risen,
+and that on the night preceding the sports. The weather remained bitterly
+cold, and the sky was dark with clouds that seemed ready to burst. Not a
+ray of sunlight traveled across the arena and climbed the stages of the
+amphitheater. The day might have been one in November, and the weather
+that encountered on the northern plains of Germania.
+
+The townsfolk, and the spectators from the country, came provided against
+the intemperance of the weather, wrapped in their warmest mantles, which
+they drew as hoods over their heads. Slaves arrived, carrying boxes with
+perforated tops, that contained glowing charcoal, so that their masters
+and mistresses might keep their feet warm whilst attending the games. Some
+carried cushions for the seats, others wolf-skin rugs to throw over the
+knees of the well-to-do spectators.
+
+The ranges of the great oval were for the most part packed with
+spectators. The topmost seats were full long before the rest. The stone
+benches were divided into tiers. At the bottom, near the _podium_ or
+breastwork confining the arena, were those for the municipal dignitaries,
+for the priests, and for certain strangers to whom seats had been granted
+by decree of the town council. Here might be read, "Forty seats decreed to
+the navigators of the Rhone and Saone;" at another part of the
+circumference, "Twenty-five places appointed to the navigators of the
+Ardeche and the Ouveze."
+
+Above the ranges of seats set apart for the officials and guests were
+those belonging to the decurions and knights, the nobility and gentry of
+the town and little republic. The third range was that allotted to the
+freedmen and common townsfolk and peasants from the country, and the
+topmost stage was abandoned to be occupied by slaves alone. At one end of
+the ellipse sat the principal magistrates close to the _podium_ at one
+end, and at the other the master of the games and his attendants, the
+prefect of the watch and of the firemen.
+
+Two doors, one at each end, gave access to the arena, or means of exit.
+One was that of the _vivarium_, whence the gladiators and prisoners issued
+from a large chamber under the seats and feet of the spectators. The other
+door was that which conducted to the _libitinum_, into which were cast the
+corpses of men and the carcasses of beasts that had perished in the games.
+
+Immediately below the seat of the principal magistrates and of the
+pontiffs was a little altar, on the breastwork about the arena, with a
+statue of Nemausus above it; and a priest stood at the side to keep the
+charcoal alight, and to serve the incense to such as desired to do homage
+to the god.
+
+It was remarked that the attendance in the reserved seats of the decurions
+was meager. Such as were connected with the Falerian family by blood or
+marriage made it a point to absent themselves; others stayed away because
+huffed at the insolence of the freedmen, and considering that the sentence
+passed on Marcianus was a slight cast on their order.
+
+On the other hand, the freedmen crowded to the show in full force, and not
+having room to accommodate themselves and their families in the zone
+allotted to them, some audaciously threw themselves over the barriers of
+demarcation and were followed by others, and speedily flooded the benches
+of the decurions.
+
+When the magistrates arrived, preceded by their lictors, all in the
+amphitheater rose, and the Quatuor-viri bowed to the public. Each took a
+pinch from the priest, who extended a silver shell containing aromatic
+gums, and cast it on the fire, some gravely, Petronius with a flippant
+gesture. Then the latter turned to the Augustal _flamen_, saying: "To the
+god Augustus and the divine Julia (Livia)," and he threw some more grains
+on the charcoal.
+
+"Body of Bacchus!" said he, as he took his seat, "a little fizzling spark
+such as that may please the gods, but does not content me. I wish I had a
+roaring fire at which, like a babe out of its bath, I could spread my ten
+toes and as many fingers. Such a day as this is! With cold weather I
+cannot digest my food properly. I feel a lump in me as did Saturn when his
+good Rhea gave him a meal of stones. I am full of twinges. By Vulcan and
+his bellows! if it had not been for duty I would have been at home adoring
+the Lares and Penates. These shows are for the young and warm-blooded. The
+arms of my chair send a chill into my marrow-bones. What comes first? Oh!
+a contest with a bull. Well, I shall curl up and doze like a marmot. Wake
+me, good Smerius, when the next portion of the entertainment begins."
+
+A bull was introduced, and a gladiator was employed to exasperate and play
+with the beast. He waved a garment before its eyes, then drove a sharp
+instrument into its flank, and when the beast turned, he nimbly leaped out
+of the way. When pursued he ran, then turned sharply, put his hands on the
+back of the bull, and leaped over it.
+
+The people cheered, but they had seen the performance so often repeated
+that they speedily tired of such poor sport. The bull was accordingly
+dispatched. Horses were introduced and hooked to the carcass, which was
+rapidly drawn out. Then entered attendants of the amphitheater, who
+strewed sand where the blood had been spilt, bowed and retired.
+
+Thereupon the jailer threw open the gates of the _vivarium_ and brought
+forth the prisoners. These consisted of the taverner who had murdered his
+guests, the manumitted slave who had robbed his master, Baudillas,
+Marcianus and Perpetua.
+
+A thrill of cruel delight ran through the concourse of spectators. Now
+something was about to be shown them, harrowing to the feelings,
+gratifying to the ferocity that is natural to all men, and is expelled,
+not at all by civilization, but by divine grace only.
+
+It enhanced the pleasure of the spectators that criminals should witness
+the death of their fellows. Eyes scanned their features, observed whether
+they turned sick and faint, whether they winced, or whether they remained
+cool and callous. This gave a cruel zest to their enjoyment.
+
+A bear was produced. Dogs were set on him, and he was worried till he
+shook off his torpor and was worked into fury. Then, at a sign from the
+manager of the games, the dogs were called off, and the man who had
+murdered his guests was driven forward towards the incensed beast.
+
+The fellow was sullen, and gave no token of fear. He folded his arms,
+leaned against the marble _podium_, and looked contemptuously around him
+at the occupants of the tiers of seats.
+
+The bear, relieved from his aggressors, seemed indisposed to notice the
+man.
+
+Then the spectators roared to the criminal, bidding him invite the brute
+against himself. It was a strange fact that often in these horrible
+exhibitions a man condemned to fight with the beasts allowed himself a
+brief display of vanity, and sought to elicit the applause of the
+spectators by his daring conduct to the animal that was to mangle and kill
+him.
+
+But the ill-humored fellow would not give this pleasure to the onlookers.
+
+Then the master of the sports signed to the attendants to goad the bear.
+They obeyed, and he turned and growled and struck at them, but would not
+touch the man designed to be hugged by him.
+
+After many vain attempts, amidst the hooting and roar of the people, a
+sign was made. Some gladiators leaped in, and with their swords dispatched
+the taverner.
+
+The spectators were indignant. They had been shown no sport, only a common
+execution. They were shivering with cold; some grumbled, and said that
+this was childish stuff to witness which was not worth the discomfort of
+the exposure. Then, as with one voice, rose the yell: "The wolves! send in
+the wolves! Marcianus to the wolves!"
+
+The master of the games dispatched a messenger to the Quatuorvir who was
+then the acting magistrate. He nodded to what was said, waved his hand in
+the direction of the master's box, and the latter sent an attendant to the
+keeper of the beasts.
+
+The jailer-executioner at once grasped the deacon Falerius Marcianus by
+the shoulders, bade him descend some steps and enter the arena.
+
+Marcianus was deadly white. He shrank with disgust from the spot where the
+soil was drenched with the blood of the taverner, and which was not as yet
+strewn over with fresh sand. He cast a furtive look at the altar, then
+made an appealing gesture to the magistrate.
+
+"Come here, Cneius Marcianus," said Petronius. "You belong to a
+respectable and ancient family. You have been guilty of an infamous deed
+that has brought disgrace on your entire order. See how many absent
+themselves this day on that account! Your property is confiscated, you are
+sentenced to death. Yet I give you one chance. Sacrifice to the gods and
+blaspheme Christ. I do not promise you life if you do this. You must
+appeal to the people. If they see you offer incense, they will know that
+you have renounced the Crucified. Then I will put the question to their
+decision. If they hold up their thumbs you will live. Consider, it is a
+chance; it depends, not on me, but on their humor. Will you sacrifice?"
+
+Marcianus looked at the mighty hoop of faces. He saw that the vast
+concourse was thrilled with expectation; a notion crossed the mind of one
+of the freedmen that Marcianus was being given a means of escape, and he
+shouted words that, though audible and intelligible to those near, were
+not to be caught by such as were distant. But the purport of his address
+was understood, and produced a deafening, a furious roar of remonstrance.
+
+"I will not sacrifice," said the deacon; "I am a Christian."
+
+Then Petronius Atacinus raised his hand, partly to assure the spectators
+that he was not opposing their wishes, partly as a signal to the master of
+the games.
+
+Instantly a low door in the barrier was opened, and forth rushed a howling
+pack of wolves. When they had reached the center of the arena, they stood
+for a moment snuffing, and looked about them in questioning attitudes.
+Some, separating from the rest, ran with their snouts against the ground
+to where the recent blood had been spilt. But, all at once, a huge gray
+wolf, that led the pack, uttered a howl, and made a rush and a leap
+towards Marcianus; and the rest followed.
+
+The sight was too terrible for the deacon to contemplate it unmoved. He
+remained but for an instant as one frozen, and then with a cry he started
+and ran round the ellipse, and the whole gray pack tore after him. Now and
+then, finding that they gained on him, he turned with threatening gestures
+that cowed the brutes; but this was for a moment only. Their red eyes,
+their gleaming teeth filled the wretched man with fresh terror, and again
+he ran.
+
+The spectators clapped their hands--some stood up on their seats and
+laughed in ecstasy of enjoyment. Once, twice he made the circuit of the
+arena; and his pace, if possible, became quicker. The delight of the
+spectators became an intoxication. It was exquisite. Fear in the flying
+man became frantic. His breath, his strength were failing. Then suddenly
+he halted, half turned, and ran to the foot of the barrier before the seat
+of the Quatuor-viri, and extended his hand: "Give me the incense! I
+worship Nemausus! I adore Augustus! I renounce Christ!"
+
+At the same moment the old monster wolf had seized him from behind. The
+arms of the deacon were seen for an instant in the air. The spectators
+stamped and danced and cheered--the dense gray mass of writhing, snarling
+beasts closed over the spot where Marcianus had fallen!
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXIII
+
+                             THE CLOUD-BREAK
+
+
+The acting magistrate turned to his fellow-quatuorvir, charged with co-
+ordinate judicial authority, on the left, and said: "Your nose is leaden-
+purple in hue."
+
+"No marvel, in this cold. I ever suffer there with the least frost. My ear
+lobes likewise are seats of chilblain."
+
+"In this climate! Astonishing! If it had been in Britain, or in Germany,
+it might have been expected."
+
+"My brother-magistrate," said Vibius Fuscianus, "I believe that here in
+the south we are more sensible to frost than are those who live under
+hyperborean skies. There they expect cold, and take precautions
+accordingly. Here the blasts fall on us unawares. We groan and sigh till
+the sun shines out, and then forget our sufferings. Who but fools would be
+here to-day? Look above. The clouds hang low, and are so dark that we may
+expect to be pelted with hail."
+
+"Aye," laughed Petronius, "as big as the pebbles that strew the Crau
+wherewith Hercules routed the Ligurians. Well; it is black as an eclipse.
+I will give thee a hint, Vibius mine! I have made my slave line this
+marble seat with hot bricks. They are comforting to the spine, the very
+column of life. Presently he will be here with another supply. You see we
+are not all fools. Some do make provision against the cold."
+
+"I wish I had thought of this before."
+
+"That is precisely the wish that crossed the mind of the poor wretch whom
+the wolves have finished. He postponed his renunciation of Christ till
+just too late."
+
+Then Lucius Petronius yawned, stretched himself, and signed that the
+freedman who had robbed the master who had manumitted him, should be
+delivered to a panther.
+
+The wolves were with difficulty chased out of the arena, and then all was
+prepared for this next exhibition. It was brief. The beast was hungry, and
+the criminal exposed made little effort to resist. Next came the turn of
+Baudillas.
+
+Without raising himself in his seat, the Quatuorvir said languidly: "You
+broke out of prison, you were charged with aiding and abetting sacrilege.
+You refused to sacrifice to the genius of the Emperor. Well, if you will
+cast a few grains of incense in the fire, I will let you depart."
+
+"I cannot forswear Christ," said Baudillas with a firmness that surprised
+none so much as himself. But, indeed, the fall of Marcianus, so far from
+drawing him along into the same apostasy, had caused a recoil in his soul.
+To hear his fellow-ministrant deny Christ, to see him extend his hands for
+the incense--that inspired him with an indignation which gave immense force
+to his resolution. The Church had been dishonored, the ministry disgraced
+in Marcianus. Oh, that they might not be thus humbled in himself!
+
+"Baudillas Macer," said the magistrate, "take advice, and be speedy in
+making your election; your fellow, who has just furnished a breakfast to
+the wolves, hesitated a moment too long, and so lost his life. By the time
+he had resolved to act as a wise man and a good citizen, not the gods
+themselves could deliver him. _Flamen_, hand the shell with the grains to
+this sensible fellow."
+
+"I cannot offer sacrifice."
+
+"You are guilty of treason against Caesar if you refuse to sacrifice to his
+genius. Never mind about Nemausus, whose image is there. Say--the genius of
+Caesar, and you are quit."
+
+"I am his most obedient subject."
+
+"Then offer a libation or some frankincense."
+
+"I cannot. I pray daily to God for him."
+
+"A wilful man is like a stubborn ass. There is naught for him but the
+stick. I can do no more. I shall sentence you."
+
+"I am ready to die for Christ."
+
+"Then lead him away. The sword!"
+
+The deacon bowed. "I am unworthy of shedding my blood for Christ," he
+said, and his voice, though low, was firm.
+
+Then he looked around and saw the Bishop Castor in the zone allotted to
+the citizens and knights. Baudillas crossed his arms on his breast and
+knelt on the sand, and the bishop, rising from his seat, extended his hand
+in benediction.
+
+He, Castor, had not been called to sacrifice. He had not courted death,
+but he had not shrunk from it. He had not concealed himself, nevertheless
+he had been passed over.
+
+Then the deacon, with firm step, walked into the center of the arena and
+knelt down.
+
+In another moment his head was severed from the body.
+
+The attendants immediately removed every trace of the execution, and now
+arrived the moment for which all had looked with impatience.
+
+The magistrate said: "Bring forward Perpetua, daughter of Aulus Harpinius
+Laeto, that has lived."
+
+At once AEmilius sprang into the arena and advanced before Petronius.
+
+"Suffer me to act as her advocate," said he in an agitated voice. "You
+know me, I am Lentulus Varo."
+
+"I know you very well by repute, AEmilius," answered the Quatuorvir; "but I
+think there is no occasion now for your services. This is not a court of
+justice in which your forensic eloquence can be heard, neither is this a
+case to be adjudicated upon, and calling for defence. The virgin was
+chosen by lot to be given to the god Nemausus, and was again demanded by
+him speaking at midnight, after she had been rescued from his fountain, if
+I mistake not, by you. Your power of interference ceased there. Now, she
+is accused of nothing. She is reconsigned to the god, whose she is."
+
+"I appeal to Caesar."
+
+"If I were to allow the appeal, would that avail thy client? But it is no
+case in which an appeal is justifiable. The god is merciful. He does not
+exact the life of the damsel, he asks only that she enter into his service
+and be a priestess at his shrine, that she pour libations before his
+altar, and strew rose leaves on his fountain. Think you that the Caesar
+will interfere in such a matter? Think you that, were it to come before
+him, he would forbid this? But ask thy client if the appeal be according
+to her desire."
+
+Perpetua shook her head.
+
+"No, she is aware that it would be profitless. If thou desirest to serve
+her, then use thy persuasion and induce her to do sacrifice."
+
+"Sir," said AEmilius in great agitation, "how can she become the votary of
+a god in whom she does not believe?"
+
+"Oh, as to that," answered the Quatuorvir, "it is a formality, nothing
+more; a matter of incense and rose leaves. As to _belief_," he turned to
+his fellow-magistrate, and said, laughing, "listen to this man. He talks
+of belief, as though that were a necessary ingredient in worship! Thou,
+with thy plum-colored nose, hast thou full faith in AEsculapius to cure
+thee even of a chilblain?"
+
+Fuscianus shrugged his shoulders. "I hate all meddlers with usages that
+are customary. I hate them as I do a bit of grit in my salad. I put them
+away."
+
+The populace became impatient, shouted and stamped. Some, provided with
+empty gourds, in which were pebbles, rattled them, and made a strange
+sound as of a hailstorm. Others clacked together pieces of pottery. The
+magistrate turned to the pontiff on his right and said: "We believe with
+all our hearts in the gods when we do sacrifice! Oh, mightily, I trow."
+Then he laughed again. The priest looked grave for a moment, and then he
+laughed also.
+
+"Come now," said Lucius Petronius to the young lawyer, "to this I limit
+thy interference. Stand by the girl and induce her to yield. By the Bow-
+bearer! young men do not often fail in winning the consent of girls when
+they use their best blandishments. It will be a scene for the stage. You
+have plenty of spectators."
+
+"Suffer me also to stand beside her," said the slave-woman Blanda, who had
+not left Perpetua.
+
+"By all means. And if you two succeed, none will be better content than
+myself. I am not one who would wish a fair virgin a worse fate than to
+live and be merry and grow old. Ah me! old age!"
+
+Again the multitude shouted and rattled pumpkins.
+
+"We are detaining the people in the cold," said the presiding magistrate;
+"the sports move sluggishly as does our blood." Then, aside to Fuscianus,
+"My bricks are becoming sensibly chilled. I require a fresh supply." Then
+to the maiden: "Hear me, Perpetua, daughter of Harpinius Laeto that was--we
+and the gods, or the gods and we, are indisposed to deal harshly. Throw a
+few crumbs of incense on the altar, and you shall pass at once up those
+steps to the row of seats where sit the white-robed priestesses with their
+crowns. I shall be well content."
+
+"That is a thing I cannot do," said Perpetua firmly.
+
+"Then we shall have to make you," said the magistrate in hard tones. He
+was angry, vexed. "You will prove more compliant when you have been
+extended on the rack. Let her be disrobed and tortured."
+
+Then descended into the arena two young men, who bowed to the magistrate,
+solicited leave, and drew forth styles or iron pens and tablets covered
+with wax. These were the scribes of the Church employed everywhere to take
+down a record of the last interrogatory of a martyr. Such records were
+called the "Acts." Of them great numbers have been preserved, but
+unhappily rarely unfalsified. The simplicity of the acts, the stiffness of
+style, the absence of all miraculous incident, did not suit the taste of
+mediaeval compilers, and they systematically interpolated the earlier acts
+with harrowing details and records of marvels. Nevertheless, a certain
+number of these acts remain uncorrupted, and with regard to the rest it is
+not difficult to separate in them that which is fictitious from that which
+is genuine. Such notaries were admitted to the trials and executions with
+as much indifference as would be newspaper reporters nowadays.
+
+Again, with the sweat of anguish breaking out on his brow, AEmilius
+interposed.
+
+"I pray your mercy," he said; "let the sentence be still further modified.
+Suffer the damsel to be relieved of becoming a priestess. Let her become
+my wife, and I swear that I will make over my estate of Ad Fines to the
+temple of the god Nemausus, with the villa upon it, and statues and works
+of art."
+
+"That is an offer to be entertained by the priesthood and not by me.
+Boy--hot bricks! and be quick about removing those which have become almost
+cold."
+
+A pause ensued whilst the proposal of AEmilius was discussed between the
+chief priestess of the fountain and the Augustal _flamen_ and the other
+pontiffs.
+
+The populace became restless, impatient, noisy. They shouted, hooted;
+called out that they were tired of seeing nothing.
+
+"Come," said Petronius, "I cannot further delay proceedings."
+
+"We consent," said the chief pontiff.
+
+"That is well."
+
+Then AEmilius approached Perpetua, and entreated her to give way. To cast a
+few grains on the charcoal meant nothing; it was a mere movement of the
+hand, a hardly conscious muscular act, altogether out of comparison with
+the results. Such compliance would give her life, happiness, and would
+place her in a position to do vast good, and he assured her that his whole
+life would be devoted to her service.
+
+"I cannot," she said, looking AEmilius full in the face. "Do not think me
+ungrateful; my heart overflows for what you have done for me, but I cannot
+deny my Christ."
+
+Again he urged her. Let her consent and he--even he would become a
+Christian.
+
+"No," said she, "not at that price. You would be in heart for ever
+estranged from the faith."
+
+"To the rack! Lift her on to the little horse. Domitius Afer left his
+bequest to the city in order that we should be amused, not befooled,"
+howled the spectators.
+
+"Executioners, do your duty," said the magistrate. "But if she cry out,
+let her off. She will sacrifice. Only to the first hole--mind you. If that
+does not succeed, well, then, we shall try sharper means."
+
+And now the little horse was set up in the midst of the arena, and
+braziers of glowing charcoal were planted beside it; in the fire rested
+crooks and pincers to get red hot.
+
+The "little horse" was a structure of timber. Two planks were set edgeways
+with a wheel between them at each end. The structure stood on four legs,
+two at each extremity, spreading at the base. Halfway down, between these
+legs, at the ends, was a roller, furnished with levers that passed through
+them. A rope was attached to the ankles, another to the wrists of the
+person extended on the back of the "horse," and this rope was strained
+over the pulleys by means of the windlasses. The levers could be turned to
+any extent, so as, if required, to wrench arms and legs from their
+sockets.
+
+And now ensued a scene that refuses description. "We are made a spectacle
+unto men and angels," said the apostle, and none could realize how true
+were the words better than those who lived in times of persecution. Before
+that vast concourse the modest Christian maiden was despoiled of her
+raiment and was stretched upon the rack--swung between the planks.
+
+AEmilius felt his head swim and his heart contract. What could he do? Again
+he entreated, but she shook her head, yet turned at his voice and smiled.
+
+Then the executioners threw themselves on the levers, and a hush as of
+death fell on the multitude. Twenty thousand spectators looked on, twice
+that number of eyes were riveted on the frail girl undergoing this agony.
+Bets had been made on her constancy, bandied about, taken, and booked.
+Castor stood up, with face turned to heaven, and extended arms, praying.
+
+The creaking of the windlass was audible; then rang out a sharp cry of
+pain.
+
+Immediately the cords were relaxed and the victim lowered to the ground.
+Blanda threw a mantle over her.
+
+"She will sacrifice," said AEmilius; "take off the cords."
+
+The executioners looked to the magistrate. He nodded, and they obeyed. The
+bonds were rapidly removed from her hands and feet.
+
+"Blanda, sustain her!" commanded AEmilius, and he on one side, with his arm
+round the sinking, quivering form, and the slave-woman on the other,
+supported Perpetua. Her feet dragged and traced a furrow in the sand; they
+were numbed and powerless through the tension of the cords that had been
+knotted about the ankles. AEmilius and Blanda drew her towards the altar.
+
+"I cannot! I will not sacrifice! I am a Christian. I believe in Christ! I
+love Christ!"
+
+"Perpetua," said AEmilius in agitated tones, "your happiness and mine
+depend on compliance. For all I have done for you, if you will not for
+your own sake--consent to this. Here! I will hold your hand. Nay, it is I
+who will strew the incense, and make it appear as though it were done by
+you. Priest! The shell with the grains."
+
+"Spare me! I cannot!" gasped the girl, struggling in his arms. "I cannot
+be false to my Christ--for all that He has done for me."
+
+"You shall. I must constrain you." He set his teeth, knitted his brow. All
+his muscles were set in desperation. He strove to force her hand to the
+altar.
+
+"Shame on thee!" sobbed she. "Thou art more cruel than the torturer, more
+unjust than the judge."
+
+It was so. AEmilius felt that she was right. They did but insult and rack a
+frail body, and he did violence to the soul within.
+
+The people hooted and roared, and brandished their arms threateningly. "We
+will not be balked! We are being treated to child's play."
+
+"Take her back to the rack. Apply the fire," ordered the Quatuorvir.
+
+The executioners reclaimed her. She offered no resistance. AEmilius
+staggered to the _podium_ and grasped the marble top with one hand.
+
+She was again suspended on the little horse. Again the windlass creaked.
+The crowd listened, held its breath, men looked in each other's eyes, then
+back to the scene of suffering. Not a sound; not a cry; no, not even a
+sigh. She bore all.
+
+"Try fire!" ordered the magistrate.
+
+AEmilius had covered his face. He trembled. He would have shut his ears as
+he did his eyes, could he have done so. Verily, the agony of his soul was
+as great as the torture of her body. But there was naught to be heard--an
+ominous stillness, only the groaning of the windlass, and now and then a
+word from one executioner to his fellow.
+
+At every creak of the wheel a quiver went through the frame of AEmilius. He
+listened with anguish of mind for a cry. The populace held its breath; it
+waited. There was none. Into her face he dared not look. But the twenty
+thousand spectators stared--and saw naught save lips moving in prayer.
+
+And now a mighty wonder occurred.
+
+The dense cloud that filled the heavens began softly, soundlessly, to
+discharge its burden. First came, scarce noticed, sailing down, a few
+large white flakes like fleeces of wool. Then they came fast, faster, ever
+faster. And now it was as though a white bridal veil had been let down out
+of heaven to hide from the eyes of the ravening multitude the spectacle of
+the agony of Christ's martyr. None could see across the arena; soon none
+could see obscurely into it. The snowflakes fell thick and dense, they
+massed as a white cornice on the parapet, they dropped on every head, they
+whitened the bloodstained, trampled sand. And all fled before the snow.
+First went a few in twos or threes; then whole rows stood up, and through
+the vomitories the multitude poured--freedmen, slaves, knights, ladies,
+_flamines_, magistrates; none could stand against the descending snow.
+
+"Cast her down!" This was the last command issued by Petronius as he rose
+from his seat. The executioners were glad to escape. They relaxed the
+ropes, and threw their victim on the already white ground.
+
+Still thick and fast fell the fleeces. Blanda had cast a mantle of wool
+over the prostrate girl, but out of heaven descended a pall, whiter than
+fuller on earth can bleach, and buried the woolen cloak and the extended
+quivering limbs. Beside her, in the snow, knelt AEmilius. He held her hand
+in one of his. She looked him in the face and smiled. Then she said: "Give
+to Blanda her liberty."
+
+He could not speak. He signed that it should be so.
+
+Then she said: "I have prayed for thee--on the rack, in the fire--that the
+light may shine into thy heart."
+
+She closed her eyes.
+
+Still he held her hand, and with the other gently brushed away the
+snowflakes as they fell on her pure face. Oh wondrous face! Face above the
+dream of the highest Greek artist!
+
+Thus passed an hour--thus a second.
+
+Then suddenly the clouds parted, and the sun poured down a flood of glory
+over the dazzling white oval field, in the midst of which lay a heap of
+whiteness, and on a face as of alabaster, inanimate, and on a kneeling,
+weeping man, still with reverent finger sweeping away the last snowflakes
+from eyelash, cheek and hair, and who felt as if he could thus look, and
+kneel, and weep for ever.(12)
+
+
+
+
+
+                              CHAPTER XXIV
+
+                                  CREDO
+
+
+Many days had passed. All was calm in Nemausus. The games were over.
+
+The day succeeding that we have described was warm and spring-like. The
+sun shone brilliantly. Every trace of the snow had disappeared, and the
+water-fight in the amphitheater had surpassed the expectations of the
+people. They had enjoyed themselves heartily.
+
+All had returned to its old order. The wool merchant took fresh commands,
+and sent his travelers into the Cebennae to secure the winter fleeces. The
+woman who had the flower-shop sold garlands as fast as she could weave
+them. The potter spread out a fresh collection of his wares and did a good
+business with them.
+
+The disturbances that had taken place were no more spoken about. The
+deaths of Marcianus, Baudillas and Perpetua hardly occupied any thoughts,
+save only those of their relatives and the Christians.
+
+The general public had seen a show, and the show over, they had other
+concerns to occupy them.
+
+Now both Pedo and Blanda were free, and the long tarrying was over. They
+had loved when young, they came together in the autumn of their lives.
+
+In the heart of the Church of Nemausus there was not forgetfulness of its
+heroes.
+
+
+
+If the visitor at the present day to Nimes will look about him, he will
+find two churches, both recently rebuilt, in place of, and on the site of,
+very ancient places of worship, and the one bears the name of St.
+Baudille. If he inquire of the sacristan, "Mais qui, donc, etait-il, ce
+saint?" then the answer given him will be: "Baudillas was a native of
+Nimes, a deacon, and a martyr."
+
+If he ask further, "But when?" Then the sacristan will probably reply with
+a shrug: "Mais, monsieur; qui sait?"
+
+In another part of the town is a second church, glowing internally with
+color from its richly painted windows, and this bears the name of Ste.
+Perpetue.
+
+Does the visitor desire to be told whether it has been erected in honor
+and in commemoration of the celebrated African martyrs Felicitas and
+Perpetua, or of some local virgin saint who shed her blood for Christ,
+then let him again inquire of the sacristan.
+
+What his answer will be I cannot say.
+
+
+
+The Bishop Castor remained much in his house. He grieved that he had not
+been called to witness to the faith that was in him. But he was a humble
+man, and he said to himself: "Such was the will of God, and that sufficeth
+me."
+
+One evening he was informed that a man, who would not give his name,
+desired to speak with him.
+
+He ordered that he should be introduced.
+
+When the visitor entered, Castor recognized AEmilius, but the man was
+changed. Lines of thought and of sorrow marked his face, that bore other
+impress as well of the travail of his soul within him. He seemed older,
+his face more refined than before, there was less of carnal beauty, and
+something spiritual that shone out of his eyes.
+
+The bishop warmly welcomed him.
+
+Then said AEmilius in a low tone, "I am come to thee for instruction. I
+know but little, yet what I know of Christ I believe. He is not dead, He
+liveth; He is a power; mighty is faith, and mighty is the love that He
+inspires. _Credo._"
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                                FOOTNOTES
+
+
+    1 So represented in paintings in the Catacombs. There were two
+      distinct types: the table in the Church and the tomb at the
+      Sepulcher of the Martyr.
+
+    2 St. Clement of Alexandria complained of the dainties provided for
+      the Agape: "The sauces, cakes, sugar-plums, the drink, the
+      delicacies, the games, the sweetmeats, the honey." The hour of
+      supper with the Romans was about 2 P.M.; that, therefore, was the
+      time for the love-feast to begin.
+
+    3 In the recently-exhumed house of Saints John and Paul, in the Coelian
+      Hill at Rome, such bottles were discovered in the cellar.
+
+    4 Now Ambroix.
+
+    5 Certain Christians bought substitutes to sacrifice in their room and
+      receive a ticket (_libellus_) certifying that they had sacrificed.
+      The Church was a little perplexed how to deal with these timorous
+      members, who were termed _libellatics_.
+
+    6 I employ the term Duumvir for convenience. As already stated, there
+      were four chief magistrates, but two only had criminal jurisdiction.
+
+    7 "Erat et robur, locus in carcere, quo praecipitabatur maleficorum
+      genus, quod ante arcis robustis includebatur."--LIV. 38, 39.
+
+    8 The prayer is given in the "Apostolic Constitutions," viii. 37.
+
+    9 The casting into the lowest pit of the _robur_--sometimes termed the
+      _barathrum_--was not a rare act of barbarity. Jugurtha perished in
+      that of the Tullianum in Rome. "By Hercules!" said he as he was
+      being lowered into it, "your bath is cold!" S. Ferreolus, of Vienne,
+      was plunged into this horrible place in A.D. 304. He was young, and
+      by diving or by working at the grating he managed to escape much in
+      the manner described above. Thus through the sewer he reached the
+      Rhone, and swam across it. He was, however, recaptured and taken
+      back to Vienne, where he was decapitated. He is commemorated in the
+      diocese of Vienne on September 18th, and is mentioned by Sidonius
+      Apollinaris in the fifth century, and by Venantius Fortunatus in the
+      sixth. S. Gregory, the illuminator, was cast into the _barathrum_ by
+      Tiridates. Theodoret describes martyrs devoured by rats and mice in
+      Persia ("Hist. Eccl.," v. 39).
+
+   10 This sign is now in the museum.
+
+   11 Fairies, adored at Nemausus.
+
+   12 The incident of the fall of snow occurring at the martyrdom of a
+      virgin saint is no picture of the author's imagination. It occurred
+      at the passion of S. Eulalia of Merida, in A.D. 303, and is
+      commemorated in the hymn on her by Prudentius.
+
+
+
+
+
+                            TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE
+
+
+Variations in hyphenation or spelling have not been changed.
+
+Changes, which have been made to the text:
+
+      page 55, "Nemauscan" changed to "Nemausean"
+      page 117, "alloted" changed to "allotted"
+      page 119, "exisiting" changed to "existing"
+      page 125, comma removed after "Baudillas"
+      page 278, "adsence" changed to "absence"
+      page 280, quote mark added before "Executioners"
+
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PERPETUA. A TALE OF NIMES IN A.D. 213***
+
+
+
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