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diff --git a/40900-8.txt b/40900-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index e1ca058..0000000 --- a/40900-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,15961 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Literary and Historical Atlas of Asia, by -J. G. Bartholomew - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: A Literary and Historical Atlas of Asia - -Author: J. G. Bartholomew - -Release Date: September 30, 2012 [EBook #40900] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LITERARY, HISTORICAL ATLAS OF ASIA *** - - - - -Produced by Melissa McDaniel and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - - -Transcriber's Note: - - Inconsistent hyphenation and spelling in the original document have - been preserved. Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by =equal - signs=. - - - Manus Island, page 202. No location named. Should probably be East - Indies. - - Gulf of Kas, page 195. Missing longitude. - - Fitze-long Bay, page 187. Wrong map coordinates. - - The Index lists Dharmapuri, Diggi, Kang-ping and Radhan as having - Glossary entries which do not exist. - - Alternative spellings of Ibn Batuta include Batutu, Batatu, and - Batouka. - - Inconsistencies between latitude and longitude in the Index and the - Glossary have been left as printed, including Ajmere, Bahera, Bitlis, - Carmel, the Dead Sea, Deogarh, Dharwar, Diarbekr, Dondra Head, - Elichpur, Hugli, Kagoshima, and Kamagawa. - - - - - EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY - EDITED BY ERNEST RHYS - - - REFERENCE - - - A LITERARY AND - HISTORICAL ATLAS - OF ASIA - - - - -THE PUBLISHERS OF _EVERYMAN'S LIBRARY_ WILL BE PLEASED TO SEND FREELY TO -ALL APPLICANTS A LIST OF THE PUBLISHED AND PROJECTED VOLUMES TO BE -COMPRISED UNDER THE FOLLOWING THIRTEEN HEADINGS: - - TRAVEL - SCIENCE - FICTION - THEOLOGY & PHILOSOPHY - HISTORY - CLASSICAL - FOR YOUNG PEOPLE - ESSAYS - ORATORY - POETRY & DRAMA - BIOGRAPHY - REFERENCE - ROMANCE - - IN FOUR STYLES OF BINDING: CLOTH, FLAT BACK, COLOURED TOP, LEATHER, - ROUND CORNERS, GILT TOP; LIBRARY BINDING IN CLOTH, & QUARTER PIGSKIN - - LONDON: J. M. DENT & SONS, LTD. - NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO. - - - - - [Illustration: To THE WISE MAN ALL THE WORLD'S A SOIL - BEN JONSON] - - - - - A LITERARY & - HISTORICAL - ATLAS OF - ASIA - - J G. BARTHOLOMEW LL.D - - - LONDON: PUBLISHED - by J·M·DENT & SONS LTD - AND IN NEW YORK - BY E·P·DUTTON & CO - - - - -INTRODUCTION - - -Fourth in the series of special atlases designed for "Everyman's -Library" the present volume deals with the countries of Asia, whose -history and geography, and whose possibilities, great and grave, are -alike reflected in the maps and charts that follow. When Queen Elizabeth -granted to certain merchants of London a charter that gave them a roving -commission to trade in the East Indies, she could not foresee the -immense developments that were to rise from that adventurous commerce -between east and west. The successive maps of India with their frontier -changes mark the gradual advance of an old world toward the new one knit -by powerful mutual ties to the Isle of Britain; and recently we have -seen what it is to be hoped will open a greater era for those regions, -marked by a return to the old capital of Delhi, and a resuming of -ancient rites which first gained their symbolism in those lands. - -But Asia, as Japan has taught us and as China will undoubtedly teach us -again, has her own destiny to bear out, apart from our European -interests and politics; and it is in that aspect we need to study her on -the lines laid down and made clear and positive in this volume. It is -not the military records, the charts of mutinies and battle-fields, -interesting as they are, which are alone important; but those showing -the conditions, physical and climatic, of the country; the dispersion of -the tongues, the sites of the old religions, the wealth and tillage of -the earth with its fruits, grain and minerals, its rice fields and tea -plantations; the prevalence of rain, sun and trade-winds; and the course -of the sea-roads that affect its human and industrial life. - -A gazetteer does not always seem to the ordinary man a very entertaining -thing, but in this of Asia its compiler, Miss Grant, has tried to mark -in brief, close compacted in small type, the place-associations, -historical and other, that give life to the names of town or country. -She has related them to the books that have dealt with them, and the -events they have witnessed: given Ning-po its allusion to Marco Polo's -travels, and Madras its San Thomé pedigree, connected Palmyra with -Tamerlane, and Puri, Bengal, with the gold tooth of the Buddha and the -Temple of Vishnu's incarnation. In the Brief Survey of the Coins and -Coinage, Mr. J. Allan (of the Coins and Medal Department, British -Museum) has traced the record from Lydia, six centuries and more B.C., -to our own time. His notes on the Phoenician coins--"tetradrachms of -Tyre with a dolphin or the god Melkart riding on a sea-horse," or an owl -with a crook and a flail (Egyptian royal symbols); or the double shekels -of Sidon with a galley, sails, or oars, before a walled city on one -side, and a king of Persia on the other--show how much of history a set -of coins, apparently so secretive, may hide in their silver and gold -impressions. - -In this Asian Atlas, of small dimensions as it requires to be to fit its -pocket, Irkutsk in the north, "far Mandalay," the details of the East -and West Indies, the route of Marco Polo, coasts like the Carnatic, -towns like Lucknow and Cawnpore, Lhasa, "the Forbidden City" of Tibet, -and Matsuye, the old capital of Idzumo, which Lafcadio Hearn describes, -all have their record. It remains to be said, that as in other volumes -of the same set, Dr. Bartholomew of Edinburgh has acted as cartographer; -and the editor and publishers wish to acknowledge his large practical -aid in the design of the atlas. Also, they owe a word of thanks to Mr. -William Foster of the India Office for his expert advice. - -Finally, they wish to dedicate the volume to the people and the princes -of India, Japan, and the other countries of which it is a memorial, -believing in their great future. - - E. R. - - - - -CONTENTS - - - COLOURED MAPS - - PAGE - - THE WORLD ACCORDING TO HECATÆUS, B.C. 500 1 - - THE WORLD ACCORDING TO ERATOSTHENES, B.C. 220 2 - - QUADRANS HABITABILIS ACCORDING TO ABU RIHAN BIRUNENSIS, - A.D. 1030 3 - - EGYPTIAN EMPIRE, B.C. 1450 4 - - BABYLONIAN EMPIRE, B.C. 560 5 - - PERSIAN EMPIRE AT ITS GREATEST EXTENT, 525 B.C. 6, 7 - - EMPIRE OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT, 325 B.C. 8, 9 - - ASIA MINOR 10, 11 - - PALESTINE, OLD TESTAMENT 12 - - PALESTINE, NEW TESTAMENT 13 - - ASIA, EARLY EXPLORERS 14, 15 - - ASIA, THIRTEENTH CENTURY 16 - - ASIA, ABOUT 1740 17 - - INDIA, 1705 18 - - INDIA, 1765 19 - - INDIA, 1805 20 - - INDIA, 1857 21 - - THE FAR EAST, 1800 22, 23 - - RUSSIAN ADVANCES IN CENTRAL ASIA 24, 25 - - THE WORLD ON MERCATOR'S PROJECTION, SHOWING ROUTES TO - ASIA 26, 27 - - ASIA--OROGRAPHICAL 28 - - RIVER BASINS 29 - - JANUARY TEMPERATURE 30 - - JULY TEMPERATURE 31 - - JANUARY RAINFALL 32 - - JULY RAINFALL 33 - - MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL 34 - - VEGETATION 35 - - RACES 36 - - RELIGIONS 37 - - POPULATION 38 - - POLITICAL 39 - - ECONOMIC MAP OF ASIA ON MERCATOR'S PROJECTION 40, 41 - - TRADE ROUTES OF ASIA ON MERCATOR'S PROJECTION 42, 43 - - TURKEY IN ASIA, ARABIA, PERSIA, AFGHANISTAN, AND - BALUCHISTAN 44, 45 - - ASIA MINOR, SYRIA, ETC. 46, 47 - - SUEZ CANAL 48 - - ADEN 49 - - OROGRAPHICAL CENTRAL ASIA, WITH INDIAN FRONTIERS 50, 51 - - INDIAN EMPIRE 52, 53 - - PRODUCTS OF INDIA 54, 55 - - BOMBAY, BERAR, AND PART OF CENTRAL INDIA 56, 57 - - PUNJAB, SIND, RAJPUTANA, KASHMIR, ETC. 58, 59 - - UNITED AND CENTRAL PROVINCES, BENGAL, ASSAM, ETC. 60, 61 - - MADRAS, HAIDARABAD, MYSORE, AND CEYLON 62, 63 - - ENVIRONS OF BOMBAY 64 - - ENVIRONS OF CALCUTTA 65 - - OROGRAPHICAL FARTHER INDIA 66 - - BURMA 67 - - MALAY STATES 68, 69 - - SIAM AND INDO-CHINA 70, 71 - - THE FAR EAST, ECONOMIC 72, 73 - - EAST INDIES 74, 75 - - JAVA 76 - - PHILIPPINE ISLANDS 77 - - ISLAND OF SINGAPORE 78 - - HONG-KONG 79 - - CHINA AND JAPAN 80, 81 - - NORTHERN CHINA 82, 83 - - SOUTHERN CHINA 84, 85 - - ENVIRONS OF PEKING AND SHANGHAI 86 - - ENVIRONS OF HONG-KONG AND MANILA 87 - - JAPAN 88, 89 - - KOREA AND MANCHURIA 90 - - CENTRAL JAPAN 91 - - ENVIRONS OF TOKIO 92 - - ENVIRONS OF PORT-ARTHUR AND NAGASAKI 93 - - SIBERIA 94, 95 - - ENVIRONS OF VLADIVOSTOK 96 - - - A BRIEF SURVEY OF THE COINAGES OF ASIA, FROM - THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE PRESENT DAY, BY J. ALLAN, - M.A., M.R.A.S. 97 - - - LINE MAPS - - BATTLE OF SIRANGAPATAM, February 1792 130 - - BATTLE OF ASSAYE, September 1803 131 - - BATTLE OF MEANEE, February 1843 131 - - BATTLE OF ALIWAL, January 1846 132 - - BATTLE OF SOBRAON, February 1846 132 - - INDIAN MUTINY, SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF TROOPS, May 1857 133 - - ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA 134 - - NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA 135 - - SITES OF ANCIENT INDIAN TEMPLES 136, 137 - - MILITARY DIVISIONS OF INDIA 138 - - DELHI 139 - - LUCKNOW 140 - - CAWNPORE 141 - - LAHORE 142 - - RANGOON 143 - - LHASA, "THE FORBIDDEN CITY" 144 - - - A GAZETTEER OF TOWNS AND PLACES IN ASIA HAVING AN HISTORIC - INTEREST 145 - - - INDEX 173 - - - - - [Illustration: THE WORLD - according to - HECATÆUS - B.C. 500 - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: THE WORLD - according to - ERATOSTHENES - B.C. 220] - - [Illustration: QUADRANS HABITABILIS - according to - ABU RIHAN BIRUNENSIS - A.D. 1030 - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: EGYPTIAN EMPIRE - B.C. 1450] - - [Illustration: BABYLONIAN EMPIRE - B.C. 560 - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: PERSIAN EMPIRE - AT ITS GREATEST EXTENT - 525 B.C. - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: EMPIRE OF - ALEXANDER THE GREAT - 325 B.C. - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA MINOR - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: PALESTINE - OLD TESTAMENT] - - [Illustration: PALESTINE - NEW TESTAMENT - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - EARLY EXPLORERS - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - 13th CENTURY] - - [Illustration: ASIA - ABOUT 1740 - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: INDIA, 1705] - - [Illustration: INDIA, 1765 - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: INDIA, 1805] - - [Illustration: INDIA, 1857 - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: THE FAR EAST - 1800 - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: RUSSIAN ADVANCES IN - CENTRAL ASIA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: THE WORLD - ON MERCATORS PROJECTION. - SHOWING - ROUTES TO ASIA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - OROGRAPHICAL] - - [Illustration: ASIA - RIVER BASINS - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - JANUARY TEMPERATURE] - - [Illustration: ASIA - JULY TEMPERATURE - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - JANUARY RAINFALL] - - [Illustration: ASIA - JULY RAINFALL - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL] - - [Illustration: ASIA - VEGETATION - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - RACES] - - [Illustration: ASIA - RELIGIONS - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ASIA - POPULATION] - - [Illustration: ASIA - POLITICAL - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ECONOMIC MAP - OF - ASIA - ON MERCATORS PROJECTION - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: TRADE ROUTES - OF - ASIA - ON MERCATORS PROJECTION - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: TURKEY IN ASIA - ARABIA, PERSIA - AFGHANISTAN & BALUCHISTAN] - - [Illustration: ASIA MINOR, SYRIA &c. - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: SUEZ CANAL] - - [Illustration: ADEN - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: OROGRAPHICAL - CENTRAL ASIA - WITH INDIAN FRONTIERS - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: INDIAN EMPIRE - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: PRODUCTS OF INDIA] - - [Illustration: PRODUCTS OF INDIA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: BOMBAY - BERAR, AND PART OF - CENTRAL INDIA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: PUNJAB - SIND, RAJPUTANA, - KASHMIR, &c. - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: UNITED AND - CENTRAL PROVINCES - BENGAL, ASSAM, &c. - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: MADRAS - HAIDARABAD, MYSORE, - AND CEYLON - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: BOMBAY] - - [Illustration: CALCUTTA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: OROGRAPHICAL - FARTHER INDIA] - - [Illustration: BURMA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: MALAY STATES] - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: SIAM & INDO-CHINA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: THE FAR EAST - ECONOMIC - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: EAST INDIES - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: JAVA] - - [Illustration: PHILIPPINE ISLANDS - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: ISLAND OF - SINGAPORE] - - [Illustration: HONG-KONG - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: CHINA & JAPAN - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: NORTHERN CHINA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: SOUTHERN CHINA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: PEKING - SHANGHAI - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: CANTON and HONG KONG] - - [Illustration: MANILA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: JAPAN] - - [Illustration: FORMOSA & LU-CHU ISLANDS - on the same scale - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: KOREA AND MANCHURIA] - - [Illustration: CENTRAL JAPAN - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: TOKIO] - - [Illustration: PORT ARTHUR - NAGASAKI - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: SIBERIA - John Bartholomew & Co., Edinburgh] - - [Illustration: VLADIVOSTOK] - - - - - A - BRIEF SURVEY - OF THE - COINAGES OF ASIA - FROM THE - EARLIEST TIMES - TO THE - PRESENT DAY - - - - -A BRIEF SURVEY - -OF THE - -COINAGES OF ASIA - -FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES (700 B.C.) TO THE PRESENT DAY - -BY J. ALLAN, M.A., M.R.A.S. - -_Of the Department of Coins, British Museum_ - - -The coins of Asia from the earliest times may be conveniently reviewed -in the following geographical and chronological sections: I. Ancient -coins of Western and Central Asia (to the rise of Islam, excluding the -majority of Greek and Roman coins which have no claim to be Asiatic); -II. Mohammadan coins of Western and Central Asia; III. Coins of India -(Hindu and Mohammadan); IV. Coins of the Far East; V. Coins struck by -European nations for their Asiatic possessions. - - -I.--ANCIENT COINS OF WESTERN AND CENTRAL ASIA - -_Origin of Coinage in Lydia._--According to Herodotus (I. 94) the -Lydians were the first people to strike coins of gold and silver, while -other writers attribute the invention of coinage to Pheidon, king of -Argos, who struck coins in Aegina. The truth appears to be that gold, or -rather electrum, was first coined in Lydia in the seventh century B.C., -while silver was first minted in Aegina about the same time. The -earliest Lydian coins are believed to have been issued in the time of -Gyges, king of Lydia (687-652 B.C.). These are rude oval pieces of -electrum, a natural mixture of gold and silver found locally, and are -stamped on one side only (Plate I. 1). The uncertain value of this metal -was found an embarrassment to commerce, and Croesus (561-546 B.C.), -under whose rule Lydia became a great and wealthy power, introduced a -coinage of pure gold and of pure silver, ten staters of silver being -equal to one of gold (Plate I. 2, gold stater). - -_Persia._--When Cyrus conquered Lydia in 546 B.C., the Persians, who, -like the Assyrians, had no coined money, became acquainted with the art -of coinage. It is not certain when the Persians began to issue coins, -but from the statement of Herodotus that Darius Hystaspis (521-486 B.C.) -coined gold of the finest quality, and the probable etymology of "daric" -from Darius, the beginning of the Achaemenid coinage is placed in his -reign; it is most probable that it was at Sardes in Lydia that Darius -first struck his coins, as there he would be most likely to find skilled -artificers. The coins of the Persian empire were the _daric_ of gold -about equal in value to the stater of Croesus (or rather more than an -English sovereign in metal value) and the _siglos_ (_shekel_) of which -twenty were the equivalent of a daric. The types were the same on each -coin, viz., on the obverse, the Persian King in a half-kneeling position -holding a bow in his left hand and a spear in his right, while the -reverse still had no type but only a rough incuse caused in striking the -coins (Plate I. 3, daric). These two coins remained the official coinage -of the Persian empire till its fall. The conquered Greek cities were not -allowed to strike gold, but the issue of silver and copper by them was -not interfered with; in addition certain Persian satraps were allowed to -issue silver coins bearing their own names. - -_Phoenicia._--In spite of their commercial activity, the Phoenician -cities of the Mediterranean coast did not begin to strike coins until -comparatively late times, the end of the fifth and beginning of the -fourth centuries B.C. We possess extensive silver coinages of the fourth -century for most of these cities, those of Tyre and Sidon being -particularly important. The tetradrachms of Tyre have as types, a -dolphin or the god Melkart riding on a sea-horse and an owl with crook -and flail, Egyptian symbols of royalty (Plate I. 4, _c._ 410-332 B.C.). -The double shekels of Sidon bear on the obverse a galley with sails or -rowers often before a walled city, and on the reverse the suzerain king -of Persia in a chariot (Plate I. 5, _c._ 400-384 B.C.). - -_Imitations of Athenian coins._--The coins of Athens circulated very -widely in the ancient world, particularly in Central Asia, where -imitations of them were made when the Athenian mint could no longer -supply the demand (Plate I. 6, imitation of Athenian tetradrachm). On -some of these imitations the owl was replaced by an eagle, while -Athenian influence can still be traced in the remarkably neat coins of -Sophytes (Plate I. 11, reverse, cock), whom Alexander found reigning on -the North-West Indian frontier on his march across it in 326 B.C. - -_Alexander III., the Great._--When the Persian empire fell before -Alexander the Great his coins became current throughout Asia, from the -Mediterranean to the Indus, and profoundly influenced all later -coinages. His gold coins (the stater, with its multiple the distater and -its sub-divisions) have on the obverse a head of Athena, and on the -reverse a winged Victory with the king's name; the silver (drachm, with -multiples and subdivisions) has on the obverse a head of the young -Herakles in lion-skin, and reverse, Zeus seated on throne holding eagle -and sceptre (Plate I. 7). Tetradrachms bearing Alexander's name and -types continued to be struck for a century and a half after his death, -and they are at the present day the commonest of ancient coins. - -_Seleucid Kings of Syria._--We possess an extensive series of coins of -the Seleucid kings of Syria, the dynasty founded by Seleucus Nikator -(312-280 B.C.), the general of Alexander who succeeded to his Asiatic -heritage. The earliest Seleucid coins (before 306 B.C.) retained the -name and types of Alexander, but soon a greater variety of types was -adopted, while the king's head began to appear regularly on the obverse. -The Seleucid coins are remarkable for the unique series of portraits -they give us. One of the commonest types of the Seleucid series has the -king's head on the obverse, and a seated Apollo with bow and arrow on -the reverse (Plate I. 8, gold stater of Antiochus I., 280-266 B.C.; -Plate I. 10, silver tetradrachm of Antiochus IV., 175-166 B.C.). - -_Bactria._--About the middle of the third century B.C. the empire -founded by Seleucus began to break up. A line of kings was founded in -Bactria by Diodotos, a revolted satrap, whose independence Antiochus II. -had to acknowledge. The earlier coins of these kings, who afterwards -crossed into India and gradually lost their Hellenism, present some of -the finest examples of portraiture on Greek coins (Plate I. 9, gold -stater of Diodotos I., _c._ 250 B.C.). - -_Judaea._--Among the smaller kingdoms who became independent of the -Seleucids in the second century B.C. may be mentioned that of the Jews. -Certain shekels, bearing on the obverse a chalice with the legend -"shekel of Israel," and on the reverse a branch with three buds and the -legend "Jerusalem the Holy" (Plate II. 1), have been attributed to Simon -Maccabaeus (143-135 B.C.), but they may belong to the First Revolt -(66-70 A.D.). - -_Parthia._--About the same period, the great Parthian kingdom was -founded in Central Asia and lasted till 220 A.D. The Parthian coinage is -of silver (drachms and tetradrachms) and bronze. Although Parthian -drachms are at the present day one of the most extensive of ancient -coinages, their classification is exceedingly difficult on account of -our ignorance of Parthian history, and the fact that the coins do not -bear the name of the issuer but of Arsakes, the founder of the dynasty. -The silver drachms bear on the obverse the portrait of the reigning -king, and on the reverse the first king Arsakes seated holding a bow, -with a legend in Greek characters which is at first simply (coin of) -"the king Arsakes" (Plate II. 2, drachm of Mithridates I. the Great, -171-138 B.C.), but gradually increases in length till a century later it -assumes the form (coin of) "the king of kings Arsakes, the just, the -illustrious, the beneficent, the friend of the Greeks," which remains -the usual legend. Tetradrachms with similar legends were also struck in -large numbers; their usual reverse type is the Parthian king seated, -receiving a wreath from the goddess of Victory or from a City goddess -(Plate II. 3, tetradrachm of Phraates IV., 38-3 B.C.). After the reign -of Phraates IV. the coins are dated in the Seleucid era, while the later -coins bear a Pehlevi legend in addition to the Greek inscription which -is by this time almost unintelligible. - -_Sassanian Empire._--Early in the third century A.D. the last remnants -of Parthian power were destroyed by Ardashir, a Persian prince, who -founded the Sassanian empire, which after successfully disputing the -supremacy of Asia with the Romans for four centuries finally fell before -the conquering hosts of Islam. The Sassanian silver coins, particularly -of the later kings, are exceedingly numerous at the present day, but the -gold and copper are rare. The types of the gold and silver are -throughout the dynasty the same; on the obverse is the head of the king -with a long legend of the form, "Ardashir, worshipper of Ahura Mazda, -divine king of kings of Iran, a scion of the celestial race," on the -reverse a fire-altar, usually with two attendant priests, and at first -the legend "the fire of Ardashir" (etc.), later the mint and regnal year -of issue. The earlier coins are of remarkably good workmanship, and give -us fine portraits of the Sassanian kings (Plate II. 4, gold coin of -Ardashir I., 226-241 A.D.; Plate II. 5, silver drachm of Sapor I., -241-272 A.D.). The gold coins weigh rather less than an English -sovereign, and their standard appears to be derived from Roman solidi; -the silver coins are drachms following the Parthian standard, and, -particularly the latter pieces, are remarkable for their thin fabric -(_e.g._ Plate II. 7, Khusrau (Chosroes) II., Parvez, 590-628 A.D.) which -was copied by the Arabs in their silver coins, and can be traced in -certain Mohammadan series to the present day. - - -BIBLIOGRAPHY.--B. V. Head, _Historia Numorum_ (Oxford, 1911), pp. -643-845; B. V. Head, _Coinage of Lydia and Persia_ (London, 1878); -British Museum Catalogue of Greek Coins, _Lydia_ (1901), _Syria_ (1878), -_Parthia_ (1905), _Phoenicia_ (1910); E. Babelon, _Perses Acheménides_ -(Paris, 1893); E. Babelon, _Rois de Syrie_ (Paris, 1890); Dorn & -Bartholomaei, _Monnaies Sassanides_ (St. Petersburg, 1875). - - -II.--MOHAMMADAN COINAGES - -(_Exclusive of India_) - -_Beginnings of Arab Coinage._--The Arabs were unacquainted with the art -of coinage till they learned it on their campaigns of conquest in Syria -(Byzantine) and Persia (Sassanian). At first they were content to issue -gold and copper pieces imitated from contemporary Byzantine coins (Plate -II. 9, early copper coin of Abd-al-Malik; obverse, figure of the Caliph; -reverse, modified Byzantine cross), while their silver pieces were -copies of late Sassanian coins (like Plate II. 7), with the addition of -_bismillah_ (in the name of God) on the margin. - -_Abd-al-Malik's Reformed Currency._--Though one traditionist says that -even Adam felt the need for money and struck dinars and dirhems, more -reliable authorities agree in attributing to Abd-al-Malik, the fifth -Omayyad Caliph (684-705 A.D.), the institution in 696 A.D. of a purely -Muslim coinage, worthy of the great Arab empire and the foundations on -which it was built. This coinage was of gold, silver, and copper, and -the names _dinar_ (denarius aureus), _dirhem_ (drachma), and _falus_ -(follis), which have remained in use practically to the present day, -were borrowed from the Byzantines. The dinar originally weighed rather -more than half a sovereign, while the dirhem was a little less than -sixpence in English money, but the names came to mean simply gold and -silver coin respectively. - -Mohammad's interdiction of any form of image-making, as savouring of -idolatry, limited the orthodox Caliph to legends on his coins, but -thereby gave Arab coins an importance as historical documents possessed -by no other series. From the earliest times they bore the mint and date -(in the Mohammadan era dating from 622 A.D.), and later the ruler's name -and titles, often including valuable genealogical data, were added. The -right of striking coins was one of the privileges of sovereignty, and -Muslim coins thus throw a good deal of light on Arab history. - -Plate II. 6 is a dinar, and Plate II. 8 a dirhem of Abd-al-Malik; both -bear on the obverse the profession of faith, "There is no god but God; -He hath no associate:" around the reverse of the dinar is the legend, -"In the name of God this dinar was struck in the year 77" (696 A.D.), -while the similar inscription on the dirhem includes the mint (Damascus, -79 A.H.) and is placed around the obverse. On both the reverse areas is -"God is alone; God is eternal; He begets not and is not begotten" (the -dinar ends here, but the dirhem continues) "nor is there any one like -unto Him" (Koran, cxii.). Around the obverse of the dinar and reverse of -the dirhem is, "Mohammad is the prophet of God, sent with guidance and -the religion of truth to make it prevail over all other religions" -(dinar stops here), "averse though the idolaters may be" (Koran ix. 33). - -_Abbasids._--In 750 A.D. the Abbasids overthrew the Omayyads, and at -first made but superficial alterations in the coinage; the long reverse -formula was replaced by the simple profession, "Mohammad is the prophet -of God." Plate III. 2, a dinar of the "good" Caliph Harun-al-Rashid -(786-809 _A.D._) is typical of the period, except that it bears the name -of his ill-fated vizier, Ja'afar, who will be remembered by readers of -the _Arabian Nights_ as the companion of the Caliph's nocturnal -ramblings, on whom this signal honour was conferred. In the ninth -century a second marginal inscription, "To God belongs the order before -and after, and in that day the believers shall rejoice in the help of -God" (Koran, xxx. 3, 4) was added on the obverse, while the Caliph's -name begins to appear regularly on the reverse area. - -_Contemporaries of the Caliphs._--Coins with similar legends were struck -by the various dynasties which arose on the weakening of the authority -of the Caliph in the ninth and tenth centuries. In addition to the -ruler's name they usually bear the name of the reigning Caliph, whose -spiritual authority was still recognised; such are Plate III. 1, a -dirhem of the Samanid Nasr b. Ahmad struck in 300 A.H. at Samarkand, -which was then one of the great centres of Mohammadan learning and -literary activity; Plate III. 4, a Buwayhid dinar of Rukn-al-Daula -(932-976 A.D.), struck at Hamadan in 352 A.H., bearing the name of the -_fainéant_ Caliph al-Muti; and Plate III. 6, a dinar, struck at Rayy, -447 A.H., of the Great Seljuk Toghrul Beg (1037-1063 A.D.), the Turkish -conqueror of Western Asia whose descendants were among the most -redoubtable of the "Saracens." Plate III. 3, a dinar of the last Abbasid -Caliph--Al-Mustasim (1242-1258 A.D.), illustrates the change in the -fabric and calligraphy of the coinage which had taken place in six -centuries. Plate III. 5 is a dinar of Mahmud of Ghazni (998-1030 A.D.), -with the reverse legend in Sanskrit for the benefit of his Indian -subjects. - -_Seljuks, Ortukids, and Ayyubids_ (_Saracens_).--Plate III. 7, a dirhem -of Sulaiman II. (1199-1203 A.D.), a Seljuk of Asia Minor, is the first -of a series of striking deviations from the orthodox Mohammadan type, -prompted as much by necessities of commerce with Christian nations as by -a lack of orthodoxy on the part of their issuers, heretics though they -were. The obverse area is occupied by a horseman holding a mace over his -shoulder, while around is the Shia form of the Mohammadan creed (as -above, with the addition of the words "Ali is the friend of God"); the -reverse bears the usual data. Plate III. 8 is a dirhem of one of his -successors Kaikubad I. (1219-1236 A.D.), a fine specimen of the -calligraphy of the period; Plate III. 9, is a dirhem of his successor, -Kai-Khusru II. (1136-1245 A.D.), bearing the "lion and sun," the -horoscope of his beautiful Georgian wife, whose portrait he wished to -place on his coins, till his counsellors persuaded him to be content -with her horoscope. The coins of the Ortukids, who were also prominent -opponents of the Crusaders, are remarkable for their immense variety of -types borrowed from all sources (Greek, Roman, Byzantine, etc.). Plate -IV. 1, reverse of a copper coin of Kara Arslan (1148-1174 A.D.), and -Plate IV. 2, of a copper coin of Alpi (1152-1176 A.D.), represent Christ -seated and the Virgin crowning the emperor respectively, both well-known -Byzantine types. The Saracen best known by name to English readers is -Saladin the Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria (1169-93 A.D.) whose -capture of Jerusalem in 1187 provoked the Third Crusade in which Richard -I., Coeur-de-Lion, took a prominent part. Plate IV. 3 is a dirhem -struck by him at Damascus, his Syrian capital, in 582 A.H. (1186 A.D.). - -_Mongols._--In the thirteenth century the Mongols, led by the Chingiz -Khan (1206-1227 A.D.), one of the greatest conquerors the world has -known, subjugated practically all Asia with the exception of India. -Plate IV. 4 is one of the rare coins attributed to Chingiz Khan, while -Plate IV. 5 is a handsome dinar struck by Arghun, one of the earliest -(1284-1295 A.D.) of the Persian line of Mongols (obverse, Mohammadan -(Shia) creed and date, etc.; reverse, the Khan's titles, etc., in -Mongol). Tamerlane (1369-1404 A.D.) (Timur Lang, Timur the Lame), a -distant descendant of Chingiz Khan, is another great conqueror familiar -to English readers through Marlowe and Gibbon. One of the coins struck -by him, with the name of his nominal sovereign, Suyurghatmish, is -figured on Plate IV. 6. Plate IV. 7 is a dirhem of his son and ultimate -successor, Shah Rukh (1404-1447 A.D.), of a type (obverse, Mohammadan -creed, with the names of the four orthodox Caliphs around the margin; -reverse, titles) which was very popular in the fifteenth and sixteenth -century. Plate IV. 8 is an early Ottoman coin struck by Mohammad I. -(1402-1421 A.D.) at Brusa in 822 A.H. (1419 A.D.), of a type which -served the Turks for some centuries. - -_Persia._--The earliest coins of the Shahs of Persia (_e.g._ Plate IV. -10, reverse of a silver coin of Ismail I. (1502-1524 A.D.) struck at -Meshhed in 924 A.H. (1518 A.D.)) are of the type instituted by Shah -Rukh to which they may be traced through the Shaibanid coinage; the -later Persian coins are smaller and thicker (Plate IV. 12, mohur of the -great conqueror Nadir Shah (1736-1747 A.D.)). Plate IV. 11, a gold tuman -of Fath-Ali Shah (1797-1834 A.D.), the first Shah with whom England -entered into diplomatic relations, is a remarkable fine product of the -Persian mint. Nasir-al-Din (1848-1896 A.D.) instituted a mint on the -European model in Teheran, and struck coins with his portrait (_e.g._ -Plate IV. 13, a gold tuman), or the Lion and Sun, on the obverse and his -titles on the reverse. - -_Bukhara._--The coins of the Emirs of Bukhara, now under Russian -suzerainty, are mainly of gold (_e.g._ Plate IV. 9, a gold tila of the -fanatical Haidar Tora, 1800-1826 A.D.). - -_Afghanistan._--The Emirs (Durrani and Barakzai) of Afghanistan, who -became independent of Persia in the eighteenth century, adopted the -standards and types of their Moghul contemporaries. A mint on the -European model has recently been established in Kabul, and its coins are -rapidly replacing older issues. - - -BIBLIOGRAPHY.--O. Codrington, _Musulman Numismatics_ (London, 1904); S. -Lane-Poole, _Mohammadan Dynasties_ (London, 1894); British Museum -Catalogue of Oriental Coins, vols, i.-x.; British Museum Catalogue of -Persian Coins, _Shahs of Persia_ (1887); W. H. Valentine, _Copper Coins -of Modern Muhammadan States_ (London, 1911); M. Longworth Dames, _Coins -of the Durranis_ (_Numismatic Chronicle_, 1888); L. White King, _Coins -of the Barakzais_ (_Numismatic Chronicle_, 1896). - - -III.--COINS OF INDIA - -_Early Hindu Coins._--The earliest coins of India are square or oblong -pieces of silver or copper punched with various symbols, the exact -significance of which is not exactly known. They were probably made by -money-changers or by the authority responsible for the purity of the -coin. These pieces date from as early as the fourth century B.C. and -circulated all over India (Plate V. 1). To a somewhat later date belong -the coins of various native states in North India; these soon became -profoundly influenced by the coinages of foreign invaders, and indeed it -is only lately that the independent origin of coinage in India has been -generally recognised (Plate V. 3, silver coin of the Kuninda king, -Amoghabhuti, second century B.C.). - -_Foreign Invaders._--Early in the second century B.C., in the reign of -Euthydemus, the Greeks of Bactria began to invade India. We possess -coins of his son Demetrius, of the square Indian form with an Indian -legend on the reverse, showing a compromise between the Greek and Indian -methods of coinage. Henceforth the coins of his successors, many of whom -are otherwise unknown to history, are bilingual (Plate V. 2, hemidrachm -of Apollodotos I., _c._ 150 B.C.). Towards the end of the second century -B.C. the Scythians invaded Bactria and India; their coins are imitated -from those of their Greek predecessors, but are much inferior as works -of art (Plate V. 4, silver coin of Azes I., _c._ 90 B.C.). - -They were followed about the middle of the first century B.C. by the -Kushans who founded a great empire in North-West India. The Kushan kings -of whom the greatest was Kanishka, famed in Buddhist legend, have left a -great wealth of gold and copper coins remarkable for the variety of -deities (Zoroastrian, Greek, Hindu, and Buddha) depicted on their -reverses (Plate V. 5, gold coin of Kanishka). - -_Andhras and Western Satraps._--During the first three centuries A.D. -the Western Satraps, a dynasty of Scythic origin, ruled a powerful -kingdom in Western India. Their coinage of silver, forming a long dated -series, appears to be derived from hemidrachms of the Greek kings -possibly influenced by Roman denarii (Plate V. 8, Damaghsada, _c._ 180 -A.D.). Unique among India coinages is the lead coinage of the Andhras -who ruled in Central and Southern India from the third century B.C. -till they fell before the Satraps (Plate V. 7, Vilivayakura, _c._ 100 -A.D.; reverse only). - -_Guptas._--A new era in the history of India begins in the fourth -century A.D. with the rise of the Gupta dynasty which conquered -practically all India and held it for two centuries. Their coinage, -mainly of gold, is derived from the Kushan, but displays great -originality and variety of types, and has legends in pure Sanskrit -(Plate V. 9, gold coin (_suvarna_) of Samudragupta, 340-380 A.D., -commemorating his horse-sacrifice on his conquests; V. 10, _suvarna_ of -Kumaragupta I., 414-450 A.D.). - -_Huns._--The Gupta empire finally fell before the inroads of barbarous -Huns, who swept down through Persia on India about the same time that -their kinsmen under Attila were ravaging Europe. They have left numerous -coins imitated from Sassanian or Indian types (Plate V. 12, silver coin -of Toramana, _c._ 514-544 A.D., with Sassanian types). From the Hun -imitations of Sassanian coins are descended certain coins of very rude -fabric known to the natives as "asses' head" money, which circulated -very largely in North India from the sixth to the eighth century (Plate -V. 11). - -_Mediaeval Hindu Dynasties._--The later Kushan type (Plate V. 6, gold, -_c._ 250 A.D.), with a king standing, sacrificing at altar on the -obverse and a goddess enthroned facing on the reverse, survived for -centuries on the base gold and rude copper coins of Kashmir (Plate VI. -1, gold, Yasovarman, _c._ 730 A.D.), and the seated goddess remains a -familiar type on the gold coins of the mediaeval Hindu dynasties of the -present United and Central Provinces, and even survived on the coins of -Mohammadan invaders (Plate VI. 4, gold coin of Hallakshanavarman, -1097-1110 A.D., of Jejahuti). Among the commonest of Indian coins are -the silver "Bull and Horseman" coins of the Brahman kings of Kandahar -(Plate VI. 2, Spalapatideva, _c._ 875 A.D.), the types of which were -copied by various Hindu kings (_e.g._ Plate VI. 3, Prithvi-Raja of -Delhi, 1166-1192 A.D.) and retained by their Mohammadan conquerors. - -_South India._--In South India the primitive punch-marked coins remained -much longer in circulation than in the north, and from the frequent -finds of Roman gold and silver coins, it is probable that these formed -the major part of the currency in the early centuries of the Christian -era. Many of the Hindu coins of South India are uninscribed, and their -attribution is still uncertain. To the Chera dynasty of Malabar are -attributed certain gold coins having an elephant on the obverse (Plate -V. 13, thirteenth century). Copper coins, having on the obverse a figure -of the king standing and on the reverse the king seated, were introduced -by Rajaraja of the Chola dynasty (_c._ 1030 A.D.); this type spread -through South India, was introduced into Ceylon on the Chola conquest, -and adopted there by the independent kings of Kandy (Plate VI. 7, -Parakramabahu, 1153-1186 A.D.). Thick gold cup-shaped pieces are -attributed to the Western Chalukyas of the Deccan (eighth century A.D., -Plate VI. 6), while large thin gold coins were struck by the eastern -branch of the family (Plate VI. 8, Rajaraja, 1021-1062 A.D.); both bear -the Chalukya emblem, the boar. Certain cup-shaped gold pieces bearing a -lotus were struck by the Kadambas of Northern Mysore (Plate VI. 9). The -great mediaeval Hindu kingdom of Vijayanagara (Mysore) has left an -extensive series of gold and copper coins. Its small gold coins called -pagodas (Plate VI. 5, Venkata Raya, _c._ 1530-1542 A.D.), bearing one or -more deities on the obverse, formed the pattern for later coinages not -only of the native states but also of various European invaders of South -India. - -_Sultans of Delhi._--When Mohammad bin Sam (1193-1205 A.D.) defeated the -allied Hindu forces on the plain of Thaneswar in 1193 he became master -of India and founded the dynasty known as the Sultans of Delhi, which -survived till the Moghul conquest. In addition to striking coins of the -usual Mohammadan type he copied the coins of his Hindu predecessors -(_e.g._ Plate VI. 10, copper, _cf._ 2 and 3; VI. 11, gold, _cf._ 4). The -coins of his successors are the tanka (about 175 grains) in gold and in -silver, in addition to smaller coins of copper and billon. Plate VI. 13 -may be taken as typical; it is a gold tanka of Mohammad III. bin Tughlak -(1324-1351 A.D.); on one side it bears the name of the Sultan, -"Mohammad Shah Sultan who trusts in the support of the Merciful One," -with a marginal inscription giving the date and mint (Delhi, 726 A.H. -(1326 A.D.)); on the other side is a form of the Muslim creed. Plate VI. -12 is one of the remarkable brass tokens with which the same Sultan -sought to displace gold and silver money. It bears a legend giving the -value at which it was to pass, and an appeal to the piety of his -subjects in a legend from the Koran, "He that obeys the Sultan obeys the -Merciful One." Though no fraud was intended, this token currency was a -failure. Plate VI. 14 is a silver tanka of Sher Shah (1539-1545 A.D.), -one of the last and one of the greatest of the Sultans of Delhi. The -obverse bears the Mohammadan creed and the names of the first four -caliphs on the margin, a type which survived for two centuries longer in -the Moghul coins. The coins of the various Mohammadan states which -became independent of Delhi in the fifteenth century cannot be detailed -here. Plate VII. 1, a silver tanka of Ghiyas-al-Din of Malwa (1468-1500 -A.D.), may be taken as typical of them. - -_Moghul Emperors._--The Moghul Emperors made but little change in the -types and standards of the coins of their predecessors, but gave the -standard gold coin the name mohur, while the silver was called the -rupee. Plate VII. 2 is a mohur of Jalal-al-Din ("Glory of the Faith"), -Mohammad Akbar (1556-1605 A.D.), struck at Agra in 976 A.H. (1568 A.D.), -similar in type to Sher Shah's tanka (Plate VI. 14). The coins of his -son Nur-al-Din ("Light of the Faith"), Mohammad Jahangir (1605-1627 -A.D.), are the most remarkable of the series. Plate VII. 3, a mohur of -Jahangir, is a fine specimen of calligraphy (obverse, Mohammadan creed; -reverse, titles and mint; Lahore, 1015 A.H.), while Plate VII. 4 is the -obverse (Ram) of a mohur of the remarkable series issued by him bearing -the signs of the zodiac. Jahangir was, like many of the Moghuls, a heavy -drinker, and went so far as to portray himself with the wine cup in his -hand on a well-known mohur (Plate VII. 5). Plate VII. 6, a mohur of his -successor Shihab-al-Din ("Flame of the Faith"), Shah Jahan (1628-1659), -is typical of the coinage of the period (obverse as Plate VII. 2, -reverse, titles; Agra, 1050 A.H. (1640 A.D.)). His successor, Aurangzib -(1659-1707 A.D.), replaced the religious legends on the obverse by the -mint and date, and this remained the usual type to the end of the -series. (Plate VII. 7, mohur of Shah Alam II. 1759-1806 A.D.; Delhi, -1205 A.H.). - -At the end of the eighteenth century numerous states became practically -independent of the Great Moghul, but struck coins which still bore his -name. When the last Moghul Emperor was deposed in 1858, the name of -Queen Victoria began to appear on the coins of such native states as -were allowed to continue issuing coins. To attain uniformity in the -currency of the empire this right has been gradually curtailed by the -British government, and is now exercised only by a few of the more -important states, such as Hyderabad, which issues coins struck by modern -European machinery. - -_Assam and Nepal._--Two important Hindu kingdoms, Assam and Nepal, were -never subject to the Moghuls. The kings of Assam issued an extensive -coinage (octagonal in form) till their territory was acquired by Britain -(Plate VII. 8, rupee "of the divine king Siva Sinha (1714-1744 A.D.) a -bee on the lotus feet of Hara and Gauri"). Plate VII. 9 is a silver -mohur of Prthvi Vira Vikrama (1881) of Nepal, the reigning Maharaja of -Nepal. - - -BIBLIOGRAPHY.--E. J. Rapson, _Indian Coins_ (Strassburg, 1897); Sir A. -Cunningham, _Coins of Ancient India_ (London, 1891), _Coins of Mediaeval -India_ (1894); British Museum Catalogue of Indian Coins, _Greek and -Scythic Kings_ (1886), _Andhras and Western Ksatrapas_ (1908), _Sultans -of Delhi_ (1885), _Muhammadan States_ (1885), _Moghul Emperors_ (1891); -Catalogue of Coins in the Indian Museum, vol. i. by V. A. Smith (Oxford, -1906), vols. ii. and iii. (1907, 1908) by H. Nelson Wright; E. H. Walsh, -_The Coins of Nepal_ (_Journ. of Roy. Asiat. Society_, 1907); J. Allan, -_Coinage of Assam_ (_Num. Chron._, 1908). - - -IV.--THE COINAGES OF THE FAR EAST - -_China._--The earliest coins of China, like those of Western Asia, date -from the seventh century B.C.: these are small bronze spades and knives, -copies of the actual spades, knives, or rather billhooks, and other -small articles of husbandry which had previously been used for barter. -The knives are about seven inches long and bear an inscription giving -the weight or value and the name of the town or confederacy which issued -it; a modified form of the spade money, called the _pu_ (flattened) -money, circulated widely in the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. (Plate -VIII. 1, a _pu_ coin of the town of Lu-Yang). Round money had been made -as early as the fourth century B.C., but it was not till 221 B.C. that -the great reformer Shih Huang Ti (221-210 B.C.), the "First Emperor," -definitely superseded all previous currencies by round coins. His coins -were pieces of half an ounce (_pan-liang_), and were continued by the -Han dynasty (Plate VIII. 6, a _pan-liang_ of the Empress Kao Hou, -187-179 B.C.). - -This coinage gradually became so debased and counterfeited that in 118 -B.C. the Emperor Wu Ti (122-117 B.C.) issued a new bronze coinage of -five-_chu_ pieces (Plate VIII. 2); the five-_chu_ piece remained the -standard coin for the next eight centuries. The attempted monetary -reforms of the usurper Wang Mang (9-22 A.D.) may be mentioned here. In -addition to reviving a modified _pu_ and knife money (Plate VIII. 4), he -instituted a round coinage (_ho tsiuen_, Plate VIII. 3), but after his -assassination and the restoration of the Han dynasty the five-_chu_ -piece was restored. The history of Chinese currency is henceforth a -continual struggle between the government and the counterfeiter. On one -occasion at least, the government sought to get rid of the forgers by -making the most skilled of them mint officials. - -In 618 A.D. the Tang emperor Kao Tsu (618-627 A.D.) issued the _Kai yuan -tung pao_, "current money of the inauguration" (_i.e._ of the Tang -dynasty, Plate VIII. 5), which gave the coinages of the Far East the -form they have retained almost to the present day. From the time of the -Sung dynasty (960-1120 A.D.) onwards the legend took the form "current -money of" (name of regnal period) (Plate VIII. 8, "current money of -(the) Sung Yuan" period, 960-976 A.D.). The Southern Sung dynasty -(1127-1278 A.D.) dated their coins on the reverse in regnal years. The -Mongols (1260-1341 A.D.) issued but little copper money. An account of -their extensive paper currency in the reign of Kublai Khan (1260-1295 -A.D.) is given by Marco Polo. The Ming dynasty (1368-1628 A.D.) placed -the mint-name on the reverse, while the Ching dynasty (1628-1911) placed -the mint-name in Manchu on the reverse (Plate VIII. 7, Shun-che period, -1644-1662 A.D.; Pekin mint). - -It is only recently that a serious attempt to institute a silver coinage -in China has been made. In the nineties of last century, mints with -European machinery were instituted in each province, and struck silver -and copper coins of European fabric (Plate IX. 1, half-dollar of the -late Emperor Kuang Hsü, 1875-1910) for Sze-Chuan. During the last thirty -years bilingual silver coins have been issued for the Mohammadan -population of Chinese Turkestan (Plate IX. 6, reverse of a five mithkal -piece of Kashgar). One of the most remarkable of Chinese coins is the -silver rupee recently issued for the Sze-chuan province, bearing the -Emperor's head, and copied from the Indian rupee, with which it is -destined to compete for Tibetan trade (Plate IX. 3). - -_Japan._--The Japanese borrowed the art of coinage from the Chinese, and -issued coins as early as 708 A.D. Plate VIII. 9 is an early Japanese -copper coin or _sen_ of the period 818-835 A.D. (inscription--"Divine -Treasure of Wealth and Longevity"). From the tenth to the sixteenth -centuries the main coinage of Japan consisted of imitations of -contemporary Chinese coins. One of the commonest of Japanese coins is -the _kwan-ei_ sen (Plate VIII. 10), which was extensively issued from -1624-1859. Large, flat gold coins (_obans_ and _kobans_) were -frequently issued from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries. The -smaller gold and silver coins of this period are rectangular (Plate IX. -7, a gold _bu_ of 1837 A.D.). Plate IX. 4 is the obverse of a coin (a -piece of 5 _momme_) with an interesting history. In 1765, a high -official named Taruna ordered that all silver ornaments should be -confiscated as useless luxuries and made into coins. This edict aroused -great indignation, particularly among the fair sex, and its enforcement -was one of the causes which led to the assassination of the tyrannical -governor. In 1869 a mint with European machinery was established in -Tokio, and a coinage of gold, silver (_yen_ or dollar), and copper -(_sen_, 100 = 1 dollar) on the European model adopted (Plate IX. 5, 50 -sen of the sixth year of Meiji, 1873). - -_Corea, Annam, and Siam._--Corea issued bronze coins in the Chinese -style in its various intervals of independence. The commonest is the -_Shang Ping_ cash issued at various mints from 1790 to 1881 (Plate VIII. -11). Plate IX. 2 is a piece of one _yang_ (silver) issued by the new -mint in 1898. Japanese influence may be traced in it (_cf._ Plate IX. -5), as on the Chinese coin of Kashgar (Plate IX. 6). The kings of Annam -issued an extensive coinage modelled on the Chinese till Annam became a -French possession. Siam has issued a coinage struck by European -machinery since 1850 (Plate IX. 8, rupee of Phra Chom Klao, 1850-1868 -A.D.). - - -BIBLIOGRAPHY.--Terrien de Lacouperie, British Museum Catalogue of -Chinese Coins, vol. i. (all published) (1892); J. H. S. Lockhart, -_Currency of the Farther East_ (Hong-Kong, 1893-1895); H. G. Munro, -_Coinage of Japan_ (Yokohama, 1904); A. Schroeder, _Annam, Etudes -Numismatiques_ (Paris, 1905). - - -V.--COINS OF EUROPEAN POSSESSIONS IN ASIA - -_English._--In 1600 Queen Elizabeth granted a Royal Charter to "The -Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading into the East -Indies," and soon afterwards ordered silver coins to be struck at the -Tower Mint for the Company's use in the Indies (Plate X. 2, sixpence or -real of this issue). In 1677 the first English mint in India was -established at Bombay, which had come to Charles II. in 1662 as part of -the dowry of Catherine of Braganza, and rupees and copper cash were -issued in the name of Charles II., or "bearing the name of their impure -king" as an indignant Moghul historian describes them. For trade with -the natives, however, the Company required coins of a type familiar to -them, and had to send their bullion to be minted at the Moghul mints or -to imitate Moghul coins at their own mints, the latter course being -really forgery, as it was not till the middle of the eighteenth century -that the Great Moghul finally allowed them to issue coins freely in his -name (Plate X. 5, half-rupee of Murshidabad struck by the East India -Company in name of Shah Alam II. in 1768 A.D.). In 1641 the Company had -acquired a settlement at Fort St. George (Madras) and thenceforth issued -coins in imitation of the local currencies of the Coromandel coast -(Plate X. 3, gold star pagoda; Plate X. 1, silver fanam (_cf._ Plate VI. -5); Plate X. 4 is the later pagoda of European fabric issued at the end -of the eighteenth century). It was not till 1835 that the name of an -English king again appeared on the coins of the East India Company, when -a uniform coinage of English style was adopted for India (Plate X. 6, -quarter-rupee of William IV.). There has since been little change in the -type then adopted. In 1858 the name of the East India Company disappears -from the reverse, and in 1877 the proclamation of Queen Victoria as -Empress of India necessitated a change of title on the obverse (Plate X. -7, quarter-rupee of Victoria). - -In 1796, the English occupied Ceylon, hitherto a Dutch possession, and -were confirmed in its possession by the treaty of Amiens in 1802. The -earlier coins were struck on the standard introduced by their -predecessors (Plate X. 8, a silver piece of 24 stivers). In 1836 the -English standard was adopted, and silver coins (three-halfpenny pieces) -and copper (half-farthings) issued till 1870, when the cent was adopted -as the standard coin (Plate X. 9, 25 cents (silver) of George V.). - -The East India Company issued coins similar to their later Indian issues -for their possessions in the Malay Peninsula, and since 1867 there has -been a regular Imperial coinage (100 cents = one dollar) for the Straits -Settlements and also for Hong-Kong (Plate X. 10, 5 cents (silver) of -Edward VII.). - -_Portuguese._--In 1510 Albuquerque captured Goa, which became the -capital of the Portuguese empire in the east, and increased in wealth -and commercial importance so rapidly that it became known as "Golden -Goa" (Goa Dourada). From the time of Albuquerque the Portuguese have -issued coins here, always with European types. Plate X. 11 is a _pardao_ -or half-rupee of Maria struck at Goa in 1808, and is typical of the -coinage for nearly three centuries previous. Since 1881 the coins for -Goa, which is now all that is left of the Portuguese possessions in the -East, have been struck at the Bombay mint, and are uniform with those of -British India (Plate X. 12, quarter-rupee, 1885). - -_Dutch, etc._--Towards the end of the sixteenth century the Dutch began -to dispute Portuguese supremacy in the East, and ultimately acquired -considerable possessions in the Malay Archipelago. An extensive coinage -was issued by the Dutch East India Company in Java in the eighteenth -century (Plate X. 13, gold rupee of Java, and X. 14, copper doit). The -latter coins of the Dutch territories in the East are similar to the -coins of Holland. Coins have also been struck for their Indian -possessions of France (Pondichery) and Denmark (Tranquebar) on local -standards but with European types. - - -BIBLIOGRAPHY.--J. Atkins, _Coins of the British Possessions and -Colonies_ (London, 1889); E. Thurston, _The Coinage of the East India -Company_ (Madras, 1890); G. da Cuñha, _Indo-Portuguese Numismatics_ -(Bombay, 1880); J. A. van der Chijs, _De Munten van Nederlandsch Indië_ -(Batavia, 1859). - - - [Illustration: PLATE I.] - - [Illustration: PLATE II.] - - [Illustration: PLATE III.] - - [Illustration: PLATE IV.] - - [Illustration: PLATE V.] - - [Illustration: PLATE VI.] - - [Illustration: PLATE VII.] - - [Illustration: PLATE VIII.] - - [Illustration: PLATE IX.] - - [Illustration: PLATE X.] - - - - - MAPS AND PLANS - OF - NOTABLE BATTLES, DISTRICTS, & TOWNS - CONNECTED WITH - THE HISTORY OF ASIA - - - - -PLANS - -OF THE - -FIVE CHIEF BATTLES - -OF INDIA - - - [Illustration: BATTLE OF - SERINGAPATAM - February 1792 - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: BATTLE OF - ASSAYE - September 1803 - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration:BATTLE OF - MEANEE - February 1843 - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: BATTLE OF - ALIWAL - January 1846 - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: BATTLE OF - SOBRAON - February 1846 - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration:INDIAN MUTINY - SHOWING DISTRIBUTION OF TROOPS - May, 1857 - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: SITES OF - ANCIENT INDIAN - TEMPLES - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: MILITARY DIVISIONS - OF INDIA - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: DELHI - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: LUCKNOW - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: CAWNPORE - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: LAHORE - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: RANGOON - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - [Illustration: LHASA - "THE FORBIDDEN CITY" - After Map by Major Ryder - - Bartholomew _Edinburgh_] - - - - - A GAZETTEER - OF - TOWNS AND PLACES IN ASIA - - - - -A GAZETTEER OF TOWNS AND PLACES IN ASIA[1] - - - [Footnote 1: _A large number of the places are not marked in - the maps, but the latitude and longitude will enable the reader to - locate their position._] - - -ABBREVIATIONS - - F. Founded. - Res. Residence. - Bp. Birthplace. - Provs. Provinces. - - -=Abila=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. Traditional burial-place of Abel. - -=Abohar=, Punjab. 30N. 74E. Said to have been f. by Jaura; visited by Ibn -Batuta, 1332. - -=Aboo=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. Contains famous Jain temple, the Vimla Sah, -f. in 1032. - -=Abydos=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. Xerxes entered Europe, B.C. 480. Scene of -story of Hero and Leander. (See Byron's 'Bride of Abydos.') - -=Acre=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Taken by the Crusaders, 1104; retaken by -Saladin, 1187; recovered by Richard Coeur de Lion, 1191; surrendered -to Saracens, 1291; unsuccessfully besieged by Napoleon, 1799; stormed by -Ibrahim Pasha, 1832; bombarded by a combined English, Austrian, and -Turkish fleet, 1840. (See Scott's 'Talisman,' 'Travels of Marco Polo,' -Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.') - -=Adalia=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 31E. Visited by Kinglake, who gives an -account of the city in 'Eothen.' - -=Adam's Peak=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. Supposed to contain tomb of Adam. (See -'Travels of Marco Polo.') - -=Adas=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. Scene of Hamid Khan's victory over Rustam Ali, -1723; Mahrattas over Raghunath Rao Peshwa, 1775; British over Mahrattas, -1775. - -=Aden=, Arabia. 13N. 45E. Taken from the Portuguese by Turks, 1538; -annexed to British India, 1839. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' 'Travels -of Marco Polo.') - -=Adoni=, Madras. 16N. 77E. Seized by Sultan of Bijapur, 1568; by -Aurungzebe, 1686; unsuccessfully attacked by Hyder Ali, 1779; taken by -Tippoo Sahib, 1786; ceded to British, 1800. - -=Agra=, United Provs. 27N. 78E. Contains palace of Shah Jehan, the Pearl -Mosque, and the Taj Mahal, and was the supposed scene of incarnation of -Vishnu. Capital of Mogul sovereigns, 1526-1658. Taken by British, 1803. -(See Sir Edwin Arnold's 'With Sa'di in the Garden,' Whittier's 'Miriam,' -'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') - -=Ahar=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. Town from which Rukminí, wife of Krishna, -was said to have been taken. - -=Ahmadabad= ('the abode of Ahmed'), Bombay. 23N. 73E. F. in 1412. Ancient -Mohammedan capital, famed for architectural relics. Taken by British, -1818. - -=Ahmadnagar=, Bombay. 19N. 75E. F. by Ahmed Nuzam Shah, 1494. Taken by -General Wellesley, 1803. - -=Aivalli=, Bombay. 16N. 76E. Contains famous temples, and is sacred spot -of Vishnu. - -=Ajmere=, Rajputana. 26N. 75E. Capital of Ajmere-Merwara. Contains tomb of -Mussulman saint, Kwajah. Purchased by Britain, 1818. Mayo College f. -1875. - -=Akashi=, Japan. 35N. 135E. Contains Shinto temple in honour of the poet -Kakinomoto-no-Hitomaro. - -=Ak-su=, Eastern Turkestan. 41N. 81E. Nearly destroyed by earthquake, -1718. Captured by Khan of Kashgar, 1867; retaken by Chinese, 1877. - -=Alandi=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. Resort of Hindu pilgrims, and said to have -been res. of Jnaneshvar. - -=Aleppo=, Syria. 36N. 37E. Taken by Saracens, 636; conquered by Tamerlane, -1402; by Turks, 1517. Visited by earthquakes, 1170, 1822. Contains the -Jami Sakarya, or Great Mosque, in which lie alleged remains of -Zacharias, father of John the Baptist. Res. of Mutanabbi. (See Volney's -'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages,' Burckhardt's -'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.') - -=Aligarh=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. Contains Fort Aligarh, captured by -General Lake from Mahrattas, 1803. Seat of Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental -College. - -=Allahabad= ('city of God'), United Provs. 25N. 82E. F. by Akbar, 1575. -Taken by Britain, 1801. Contains Muir Central College. Scene of -journeying of Rama and Sita described in the 'Ramayana' as the hermitage -of Bharadvaja. - -=Allah Shehr=, Asia Minor. 38N. 29E. F. by Attalus Philadelphus, c. 200 -B.C.; supposed to be one of 'seven churches of Asia' mentioned in -Apocalypse. - -=Amarapura= ('city of the gods'), Burma. 22N. 96E. Former capital of -Burma. F. in 1783, by Bodawpaya. Destroyed by fire, 1810; by earthquake, -1839. Contains celebrated temple with colossal bronze statue of Gautama. - -=Amasia=, Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 36E. Former capital of kings of Pontus. Bp. -of Strabo. - -=Ambur=, Madras. 13N. 79E. Muzaffar Jang conquered Anwar-ud-din, Nawab of -Arcot, 1749. - -=Amoy= ('gallery gate'), China. 24N. 118E. Taken by Britain, 1841; opened -to foreign trade by Treaty of Nanking, 1842. - -=Amritsar= ('pool of immortality'), Punjab. 32N. 75E. F. round sacred -reservoir by Guru Ram Das, 1574. Contains Darbar Sahib, chief Sikh -temple; also fortress of Govindgarh, 1809. - -=Amroha=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. Said to have been f. by Hastinapur; res. -of Shah Wilayat. In the vicinity the Mongols were conquered, 1304. - -=Amu Daria=, Turkestan. 37N. 73E. Ancient river Oxus, occurring as Amoo in -'The Veiled Prophet of Khorassan.' (See Moore's 'Lalla Rookh.') - -=Anantapur=, Madras. 15N. 78E. F. by Chikkappa Udaiyar, 1364; attacked by -Mahrattas, 1757. - -=Aneysa=, Arabia. 26N. 45E. Bp. of Abdul-Wahab, founder of Wahabis. (See -Doughty's 'Travels in Arabia Deserta.') - -=Angkor=, Indo-China. 13N. 104E. Ruined city, near which are ruins of -Angkor-Vat, a famous Cambodian temple. (See Little's 'Far East.') - -=Angora=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 33E. Supposed to have been f. by Midas. -Scene of Christian Councils, 314, 358. Contains temple erected to -Augustus. Sultan Bejazet I. captured by Tamerlane, 1402. - -=Ani=, Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 43E. Ancient Armenian capital. Taken by -Greeks, 1045; by Seljuks, 1064. Destroyed by earthquake, 1319. - -=Anjangaon=, Berar. 21N. 77E. Treaty signed between British and Daulat Rao -Sindhia after second Mahratta War, 1803. - -=Anjengo=, Madras. 9N. 77E. Bp. of historian, Robert Orme, and res. of -Eliza Draper, friend of Laurence Sterne. - -=Anjidiv=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. Island visited by Ibn Batatu, 1342; by Vasco -da Gama, 1498. Occupied by Portuguese, 1505. Mentioned by Ptolemy. - -=Ankai Tonkai=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. Conquered by Shah Jehan, 1635; occupied -by British, 1818. - -=Antioch=, Syria. 36N. 36E. F. by Seleucus Nicator, c. 300 B.C. Scene of -St. Paul's first ministry. Destroyed by earthquakes, 526, 1872. Ruined -by Persians, 538; taken by Saracens, 658; by Turks, 1516. Bp. of -Archias, St. Luke, and Chrysostom. (See Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en -Egypte.') - -=An-tung=, Manchuria. 40N. 125E. General Kuroki established here during -Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905. (See McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') - -=Anupshahr=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. Occupied by Ahmad Shah Durrani, 1757; -by British, 1773. - -=Arafat= ('the mountain of mercy'), Arabia. 21N. 40E. Mountain on which -Adam and Eve are alleged to have met after the fall. Scene of many -Mohammedan pilgrimages. (See Burton's 'Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and -Meccah,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Arabia.') - -=Arantangi=, Madras. 10N. 79E. Seized by Raghunatha Levan, c. 1646, 1698. - -=Ararat=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 44E. One of mountains in Asia on which -Noah's ark is said to have rested. Parrot first ascended Great Ararat, -1829. Severe earthquake experienced, 1840. (See 'Travels of Marco -Polo.') - -=Arcot= ('six deserts'), Madras. 13N. 79E. Contains ruins of Nawab's -palace. Mentioned by Ptolemy. Clive defended city successfully against -siege, 1751. - -=Ardahan=, Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 43E. Successfully stormed by Russians, -1877; ceded to Russia by Turkey, 1878. - -=Argaum=, Berar. 21N. 77E. Mahrattas defeated by Wellesley, 1803. - -=Arginusæ Is.=, off W. coast of Asia Minor. 39N. 27E. Spartan fleet -defeated by Athenians near these islands, 406 B.C. - -=Arjesh=, Turkish Armenia. 39N. 43E. Taken by Jelal-ed-Din, 1228. -Destroyed by earthquake, 1246. - -=Arni=, Madras. 13N. 79E. Clive defeated Raja Sahib and French forces, -1751. - -=Aror=, Bombay. 28N. 69E. Captured by Mohammedans, c. 712. - -=Arpad=, Syria. 37N. 37E. Taken by Tiglath Pileser II., 740 B.C. - -=Arrah=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. In Indian Mutiny 12 Englishmen and 50 Sikhs -held out against 3000 Sepoys for 8 days, 1857. - -=Artaxata=, Russian Armenia. 39N. 45E. Ancient capital of Armenia, now in -ruins. Hannibal supposed to have superintended building of city; named -after Artaxis I., c. 180 B.C. Destroyed by Romans, 58; by Persians, 370. -Joseph, the patriarch, presided over ecclesiastical council, 450. - -=Ashdod=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Captured by Jonathan, 147 B.C. Mentioned by -Herodotus. Contained famous temple of Dagon. (See Thomson's 'Land and -the Book.') - -=Ashta=, Central India. 23N. 77E. Contains fort built by Dost Mohammed -Khan, 1716; captured by Mahrattas, 1745; stormed by Kudsia Begam, 1837. - -=Ashta=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. British defeated Baji Rao Peshwa, 1818. - -=Asirgarh=, Central Provs. 21N. 76E. Massacre of garrison by Ala-ud-din -Khilji, 1295; captured by Akbar, 1600; by General Wellesley, 1803; -besieged by British, 1819. - -=Askelon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Ancient seat of worship of Astarte, and of -Dagon and Dercetis, whose temple was plundered by Scythians, 630 B.C. -Bp. of Herod I., who embellished it. Godfrey de Bouillon defeated -Egyptians, 1099; city taken by Crusaders, 1153; by Saladin, 1187; -destroyed by Sultan Bibars, 1270. (See Scott's 'The Talisman.') - -=Assaye=, Haidarabad. 20N. 76E. Mahrattas conquered by Sir Arthur -Wellesley, 1803. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Athni=, Bombay. 17N. 75E. Visited by French traveller Mandelslo, 1639. -Yielded to Rajah Sahu of Satara, 1730; British possession, 1839. - -=Atrauli=, N.W. Provs. 28N. 78E. Held for three months by Mohammedans -during Mutiny, 1857. - -=Attock=, Punjab. 34N. 72E. Contains fort built by Akbar, 1581; captured -by Ranjit Singh, 1812. - -=Augur=, Central India. 24N. 76E. F. by Agra Bhil; destroyed by Bapuji -Sindhia, 1801; suffered during Mutiny, 1857. - -=Aurangabad= ('the abode of Aurungzebe'), Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. F. in -1620. Contains Buddhist caves, and mausoleum built by Aurungzebe in -memory of his daughter. - -=Ava= ('a fish-pond'), Burma. 22N. 96E. F. by Thadominpaya, 1364. Former -capital of Burma. Ruined by earthquake, 1839. - -=Ayodhya=, United Provs. 27N. 82E. Famous in legend as city of Dasa-ratha, -father of Rama. (See 'Ramayana.') - -=Ayuthia=, Siam. 14N. 101E. Founded in 1351; capital of Siam until nearly -destroyed by Burmese, 1767. Chief ruin is a Buddhist temple, the 'Golden -Mount.' (See Little's 'Far East.') - - -=Baalbek= ('city of Baal'), Syria. 34N. 36E. Contains Temple of the Sun, -built by Antoninus Pius. Taken by Arabs, 748; by Tamerlane, 1400. -Destroyed by earthquake, 1170, 1750. (See Twain's 'New Pilgrim's -Progress,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Moore's 'Lalla Rookh,' -Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria -and the Holy Land.') - -=Babylon= ('the gate of the god'), Asiatic Turkey. 33N. 45E. First -mentioned, 3800 B.C.; capital of Babylonia, c. 2300 B.C. Destroyed by -Sennacherib, 689 B.C.; attained eminence under Nabopolassar, 625-604 -B.C.; under Nebuchadnezzar, 604-561 B.C. Surrendered to Cyrus, 539 B.C. -Alexander the Great died in palace of Nebuchadnezzar, 323 B.C. (See -'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages.') - -=Badami=, Bombay. 16N. 76E. Contains famous cave-temple, f. 650. Captured -by General Munro, 1818; by Arabs, 1840. - -=Badarpur=, Bengal. 25N. 93E. British defeated Burmese, 1824. - -=Badnera=, Berar. 21N. 78E. Partially destroyed by Rajah Ram, 1822. - -=Bagalkot=, Bombay. 16N. 76E. Captured by Peshwa of Savanur, 1775; by -Hyder Ali, 1778; by General Munro, 1818. - -=Baghdad=, Asiatic Turkey. 33N. 44E. F. by Caliph Al-Mansur, c. 762; -embellished by Harun-al-Rashid; taken by Hulaku Khan, 1258; by -Tamerlane, 1393; by Amurath IV., 1638. Contains tomb of Zobeida, wife of -Harun-al-Rashid, and is famous by means of the 'Arabian Nights.' (See -Firdausi's 'Sha Name,' Gosse's 'Firdausi in Exile,' 'Purchas His -Pilgrimes,' 'Travels of Marco Polo.') - -=Baghput=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. Said to be the Vyaghraprastha mentioned in -the 'Mahabharata.' - -=Bahera=, Punjab. 32N. 73E. Captured by Babar, 1519; pillaged by -Nur-ud-din, 1757. - -=Bahraich=, United Provs. 28N. 82E. Contains tomb of Mohammedan saint, -Masaud. - -=Baj-Baj=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. Fort captured by Clive from Siraj-ud-daula, -1756. - -=Bajwara=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. Rajah Sansar Chand conquered Sirdar Bhup -Singh, 1801; fort captured by Ranjit Singh, 1825. - -=Balkh=, Afghan Turkestan. 37N. 67E. Zoroaster first preached his -doctrine, 549 B.C.; died at Balkh. Visited by Chinese explorer, Fa Hian, -402; Hiouen Thsang, 643; by Marco Polo, 1263. Besieged and taken by -Ninus, 1933 B.C.; pillaged by Genghis Khan, 1221; destroyed by -Tamerlane, 1390. (See 'Travels of Marco Polo.') - -=Bamian=, Afghanistan. 35N. 68E. Destroyed by Genghis Khan, 1221. - -=Bander Abbas= ('harbour of Abbas'), Persia. 27N. 56E. Ancient Harmozia. -Portuguese driven out by Shah Abbas the Great with help of British, -1623. (See Moore's 'Lalla Rookh,' story of 'The Fire-Worshippers.') - -=Bandhogarh=, Central India. 24N. 81E. Attacked by Asaf Khan, 1563; -captured by Patr Das, 1597; yielded to Anup Singh, 1658. Said to be bp. -of Akbar. - -=Banera=, Rajputana. 26N. 75E. Conquered by Akbar, 1567; fort built in -1726; captured by Rajah of Shahpura, c. 1756. - -=Bangalore=, Mysore. 13N. 78E. F. by Hyder Ali, 1537. Taken by Lord -Cornwallis, 1791. Contains palace of Tippoo Sahib, and Central College. - -=Bangkok=, Siam. 14N. 101E. Ceded to Louis XIV., 1687; became royal -residence, 1767. Contains famous temples, and a colossal statue of -Buddha. (See Little's 'Far East.') - -=Banias=, Syria. 33N. 36E. Visited by W. M. Thomson, and described in 'The -Land and the Book.' - -=Bankapur=, Bombay. 15N. 76E. First mentioned, 898. Stormed by Firoz Shah, -1406; conquered by Hyder Ali, 1776; ceded to British, 1802. - -=Bantam=, East Indies. 6S. 106E. Described in first part of 'Purchas His -Pilgrimes' as celebrated town of Java. - -=Baragaon=, Bengal. 25N. 85E. Visited by Hiuen Tsiang, who here studied -religion. - -=Bardwan=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Scene of the third story of the vampire in -Burton's 'Vikram and the Vampire.' - -=Bareilly=, United Provs. 28N. 79E. New town f. by Rajah Makrand-Mughals, -1657. Taken by English, 1801; Europeans massacred during Mutiny, 1857; -recaptured by Sir Colin Campbell, 1858. - -=Baroda=, Bombay, 22N. 73E. Tributary to Great Britain, 1802; Malhar Rao -succeeded Sayaji Rao III., 1875. - -=Barpeta=, Bengal. 26N. 91E. Sankar Deb, follower of Vishnu, here f. a -religious college. Partially destroyed by earthquake, 1897. - -=Barrackpur=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Prominent town in Sepoy mutinies, 1824, -1857. Contains Lady Canning's tomb. - -=Barsana=, United Provs. 28N. 77E. Fabled to be a res. of Radha, mistress -of Kishna. Pillaged by imperial troops, 1774. - -=Barwani=, Central India. 22N. 75E. Said to have been f. by Rana Chandra -Singh, c. 1650. Near town is sacred hill of Jains, and temple with -inscription dating from 1166. - -=Basarh=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. Visited by Buddha, and sacred town of -Buddhists. Visited by explorers Fa Hian and Hieun Tsiang. - -=Basavapatna=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. Captured by Bijapurs, 1637; destroyed by -Hyder Ali, 1763; plundered by Mahrattas, 1791. Ancient res. of Baba -Budan. - -=Basra= ('fortress'), Asiatic Turkey. 30N. 48E. F. under Omar, 656. -Contains tomb of Zobeir. (See 'Travels of Marco Polo.') - -=Bassein=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Ceded to Portuguese, 1534; taken by -Mahrattas, 1765; by British, 1780. - -=Batala=, Punjab. 32N. 75E. F. by Rai Ram Deo, c. 1465. Contains tomb of -Shamsher Khan, foster-brother of Akbar. - -=Batavia= ('good land'), East Indies. 6S. 107E. First European settlement -f. by Pieter Both, 1610; new city f. by Jean Koen, 1621. Unsuccessfully -besieged by Kings of Bantam and Jacantra, 1619. Earthquake experienced, -1699. - -=Bayana=, Punjab. 26N. 77E. Contains temple with inscription dated 1043. -Fort near captured by Mohammed Ghori, 1196; by Sikanda Lodi, 1492; by -Humayun, 1535. - -=Bayazid=, Turkish Armenia. 39N. 44E. Captured by Russians, 1828, 1854, -1877. Yielded to Turkey by Treaty of Berlin, 1878. - -=Bednore= ('bamboo city'), Mysore. 14N. 75E. Capital of Rajah of Ikari, -1645. Taken by Hyder Ali, 1763; by General Matthews, 1783; by Tippoo -Sahib, 1784. - -=Beer-Sheba= ('well of the oath'), Palestine. 31N. 35E. Only ruins remain -of ancient city famous in Biblical history from time of Abraham's -digging a well and planting a grove. - -=Begampur=, Bombay. 18N. 76E. Contains tomb of daughter of Aurungzebe. - -=Behar= ('monastery'), Bengal. 25N. 86E. Famous as ancient centre of -Buddhism, and as city in which Buddha preached. - -=Behistun= ('place of the gods'), Persia. 34N. 47E. Rock on which -cuneiform inscriptions recounting deeds of Darius I. are engraved; -discovered by Sir Henry Rawlinson, 1835. - -=Beit Jibrin=, Syria. 32N. 35E. Visited by W. M. Thomson, and described in -'The Land and the Book.' - -=Bela=, Baluchistan. 26N. 66E. Contains tomb of Sir Robert Sandeman. - -=Belgaum=, Bombay. 16N. 75E. Taken by Aurungzebe, 1686; by Hyder Ali, -1776; by British, 1818. - -=Bellary=, Madras. 15N. 77E. Captured by Sivaji, the Mahratta, c. 1678; -ceded to British, 1800. - -=Benares= ('the splendid'), N.W. Provs. 25N. 83E. Visited by Hsuan Tsang -in 7th century A.D. Religious capital of India, containing many temples. -Taken by Sultan Mahmoud, 1190; ceded to England, 1775; outbreak during -Indian Mutiny, 1857. (See Sir Edwin Arnold's 'Light of Asia,' Burton's -'Vikram and the Vampire.') - -=Bencoolen=, Sumatra. 4S. 102E. F. by British, 1685; Fort Marlborough -built, 1714. Formerly chief British possession in Sumatra; ceded to -Holland in exchange for Malacca, 1824. - -=Bendemeer=, Persia. 30N. 52E. (See Thos. Moore's 'Lalla Rookh,' story of -the 'Veiled Prophet of Khorassan.') - -=Berasia=, Central India. 24N. 77E. Contains tomb of his father built by -Dost Mohammed. - -=Berea=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Battle fought in which Judas Maccabæus was -killed, 161 B.C. - -=Berezov=, Siberia. 64N. 65E. F. in 1593. Partially burnt, 1719, 1808. -Prince Menshikov died in exile, 1729; Prince Dolgoruki, 1730. General -Ostermann exiled, 1742; died, 1747. - -=Berghama=, Asiatic Turkey. 39N. 27E. Ancient capital of Pergamus, and -contains many magnificent ruins; bequeathed to Romans by Attalus III., -133 B.C. Bp. of Galen and Apollodorus. - -=Berhampur=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Indian Mutiny originated here, 1857. - -=Besika=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. Bay used as station for British fleet, -1853-1854, 1877-1878. - -=Bethany=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Frequently mentioned in the Bible as the -house of Lazarus, Martha and Mary, Simon the leper. Contains alleged -tomb of Lazarus, and village is now called 'El-Azariyeh,' the 'Place of -Lazarus.' - -=Bethel= ('house of God'), Palestine. 32N. 35E. Supposed to have been f. -by Abraham or Jacob. Rachel and Deborah died at Bethel. - -=Beth-horon= ('place of caves'), Palestine. 32N. 35E. The Syrians under -Prince Sorom vanquished by Judas Maccabæus. - -=Bethlehem= ('house of bread'), Palestine. 33N. 35E. Bp. of David and of -Christ. Devastated by Hadrian, 132. Contains Church of the Nativity -built by Constantine; enlarged by Justinian; embellished by Manuel -Comnenus, 1170; by Edward IV. and Philip of Burgundy, 1482. Burial-place -of Jerome. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' -Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Thomson's 'Land -and the Book.') - -=Beyrout=, Syria. 34N. 35E. Destroyed by Tryphon, 140 B.C.; taken by -Arabs, 635; by Baldwin, 1111; re-captured by Saladin, 1187; by Turks, -1763. Lamartine's only daughter died here, 1832. (See Kinglake's -'Eothen,' Burton's 'Wanderings in Three Continents,' Lamartine's 'Voyage -en Orient,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et -en Egypte.') - -=Bhadaur=, Punjab. 30N. 75E. F. by Sirdar Dunna Singh, 1718; res. of -Bhadaur chiefs. - -=Bhagalpur=, Bengal. 25N. 87E. Contains famous Jain temples, and native -monument to Augustus Cleveland. - -=Bhagwangola=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Unsuccessfully besieged by Mahrattas, -1743; burnt by Mahrattas, 1750. Temporary res. of Surajah Dowlah. - -=Bhainsrorgarh=, Rajputana. 25N. 76E. Said to have been f. by Bhainsa Sah; -captured by Ala-ud-din, c. 1303. - -=Bhanpura=, Rajputana. 25N. 76E. Res. and burial-place of Jaswant Rao -Holkar. - -=Bhartpur= ('city of Bhurat'), Rajputana. 27N. 78E. Unsuccessfully stormed -by Lord Lake, 1805; taken by Lord Combermere, 1826. Under British -administration, 1853. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Bhatner=, Punjab. 30N. 74E. Captured and partially destroyed by -Tamerlane, 1398. - -=Bhilsa=, Rajputana. 24N. 78E. Contains mosques built by Akbar, 1583; by -Aurungzebe, 1682. Plundered by Altamsh, 1235; seized by Ala-ud-din, -1290. - -=Bhojpur=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. Contains stones bearing ancient carvings and -inscription dating from c. 200 B.C. - -=Bhubaneswar=, Bengal. 20N. 86E. Sacred city of the followers of Siva; of -great antiquity. - -=Bhuj=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. Taken by storm by Sir William Kier, 1819. - -=Bidar=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. Captured by Ulugh Khan, 1321; by -Aurungzebe, 1656. - -=Biderra=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Colonel Forde conquered Dutch under Colonel -Roussel, 1759. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Bijanagur= ('city of triumph'), Madras. 16N. 77E. F. in 1336; destroyed -by Mohammedan kings, 1564. Contains temples made of granite. - -=Bijapur= ('city of victory'), Bombay. 17N. 76E. Taken by Aurungzebe, -1686; given to Rajah of Satara by British, 1818. - -=Bilsa=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Remarkable Buddhist remains discovered by -English travellers, 1822; contains tomb of Mussulman, Djelal-ed-din -Bhokhary. - -=Bimlipatam=, Madras. 18N. 83E. Captured by Mahrattas, 1754; ceded to -British by Dutch, 1825. - -=Bindraban=, Bengal. 26N. 88E. Krishna is supposed to have passed his -childhood here, and several temples are erected in his honour. - -=Birsinha=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Bp. of Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar, writer of -'Sitar Banabas.' - -=Bisauli=, United Provs. 28N. 79E. Res. and burial-place of Dunde Khan. - -=Bithur=, United Provs. 27N. 80E. One of chief centres of worship of -Brahma. Nana Sahib here defeated by Havelock during Mutiny, 1857. - -=Bitlis=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 42E. Supposed to have been f. by Alexander -the Great. Taken by Arabs, 648. Scene of defeat of Solyman by Persians, -1554. - -=Blagovieshtchensk= ('city of the annunciation'), Siberia. 50N. 146E. F. -in 1856; capital of Amur district, 1858. Attacked unsuccessfully by -Chinese, 1900. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia.') - -=Boca Tigris= ('the tiger's mouth'), China. 23N. 114E. Entrance to the -Canton river, containing fortified islands taken by British, 1841, -1856. - -=Bodinayakkanur=, Madras. 10N. 77E. Captured by Hyder Ali, 1776. - -=Bokhara= ('a church'), Turkestan. 40N. 65E. Burnt by Djenghis-Khan, 1221. -Contains 360 mosques and many colleges. Scene of youth of Zelica and -Azim in Moore's 'Lalla Rookh.' - -=Bombay=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Ceded to Portugal, 1530; part of -marriage-portion of Catherine of Portugal, 1661; British established -themselves here, 1666. - -=Borsad=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. Res. of Rangoji, 1741; here made prisoner, -1748. - -=Botad=, Bombay. 22N. 72E. Town near which is tomb of Pir Hamir Khan, -Mussulman saint. - -=Brahmakund=, Bengal. 28N. 96E. Pool which was the scene of an incident in -which Parasu Rama, an incarnation of Vishnu, took part. - -=Brahmapuri=, Bombay. 18N. 76E. Res. of Aurungzebe from 1695 to 1700. - -=Brahmini=, Bengal. 21N. 86E. Famous as scene of wooing of Matsya Gandha, -mother of alleged compiler of 'Mahabharata' and the Vedas. - -=Broach=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. Captured by British, 1772; ceded to Scindia, -1783; re-captured by British, 1803. - -=Brusa=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 29E. Former capital of Bithynia. F. by -Prusus II., King of Bithynia. Captured by Sultan Orkhan of Turkey, 1326; -plundered by Tartars, 1402; suffered from earthquakes, 1855. - -=Budaun=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. Supposed to have been f. c. 905. Seized -by Kutb-ud-din, 1196; joined in Mutiny, 1857. Res. of Ala-ud-din. - -=Buddha-Gaya=, Bengal. 25N. 85E. Formerly centre of worship of Buddha, and -contains sacred pipal-tree under which Sakyamuni reached Buddhahood. -Visited by Hieun Tsiang, 635. - -=Budihaul=, Madras. 14N. 76E. Captured by Hyder Ali, 1761; by Mahrattas, -1771, 1790. - -=Budrum=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 27E. F. on site of ancient Halicarnassus. -Contains a fortress built by the knights of Rhodes, 1402. Bp. of -Herodotus and Dionysius. - -=Burhanpur=, Central Provs. 21N. 76E. F. by Nasir Khan, c. 1400; adorned -by Akbar, 1600. Pillaged by Mahrattas, 1685; captured by Wellesley, -1803. - -=Buxar=, Bengal. 26N. 84E. Mir Kasim defeated by Sir Hector Munro, 1764. -Of literary interest as res. of writers of Vedic hymns. - - -=Cæsarea=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. F. by Herod the Great on site of Strato's -Tower. Famous in biblical history as city in which St. Peter preached to -Cornelius, and St. Paul was incarcerated for two years. Vespasian became -emperor, 69; Eusebius was bishop, 315-318; captured by Crusaders but -regained by Saladin, 1101; destroyed by Sultan Bibars, 1265. (See -Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book.') - -=Calah=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 43E. One of ancient capitals of Assyria; f. -by Shalmaneser I., c. 1300 B.C.; rebuilt by Asurnazirpal, 880 B.C. Ruins -discovered by Sir A. H. Layard, 1845. - -=Calcutta=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. F. by Governor Job Charnock, 1686; Fort -William established, 1696; besieged by Surajah Dowlah, Nawab of Bengal, -and captives imprisoned in the 'Black Hole,' 1756; recaptured by Clive, -1757; chief seat of British government, 1773. (See Kipling's 'City of -Dreadful Night.') - -=Calicut=, Madras. 11N. 76E. Covilham landed here, 1486; Vasco da Gama, -1498; Captain Keeling, 1615. Don Fernando Coutinho repulsed, 1509; -devastated by Hyder Ali, 1765; taken by British, 1782; by Tippoo Sahib, -1788; re-taken by British, 1790. (See Burton's 'Goa and the Blue -Mountains,' also 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') - -=Cambay=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. Taken by General Goddard, 1780; given to -Mahrattas, 1783; ceded to British, 1803. (See Hakluyt's 'Voyages.') - -=Cana=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Famous in biblical history as scene of -Christ's first miracle. Bp. of his disciple Simon. - -=Cannanore=, Madras. 12N. 75E. Visited by Vasco de Gama, 1498. - -=Canton=, China. 23N. 113E. Bogue forts captured by British, 1841; city -occupied by French and British forces, 1857. (See Little's 'Far East,' -Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.') - -=Capernaum= ('village of Nahum'), Palestine. 33N. 36E. City in which -Christ resided, and performed many miracles; home of St. Matthew. (See -Thomson's 'Land and the Book.') - -=Carchemish=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 38E. Captured by Tiglath-pileser I., c. -1120 B.C.; Josiah killed by Necho II. of Egypt, 609 B.C.; Necho -vanquished by Nebuchadnezzar, 605 B.C. - -=Carmel=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Mountain on which Elijah slaughtered the -priests of Baal. Napoleon used one of the monasteries situated here as -a hospital, 1799. Visited by Lamartine, 1832. - -=Cawnpur= ('city of Krishna'), United Provs. 26N. 80E. Scene of the -massacre of Europeans by Nana Sahib during Mutiny, 1857. (See -Trevelyan's 'Cawnpore.') - -=Cayster=, Asia Minor. 38N. 28E. River made famous by Virgil in the -'Georgics' and Ovid in the 'Metamorphoses.' Remains of Ephesus are near -its mouth. - -=Celebes=, Malay Archipelago. 4S. 121E. Discovered by Portuguese, 1512; -established fort at Macassar, 1525; driven out by Dutch, 1660; taken by -British, but yielded to Dutch, 1814. - -=Ceylon=, Indian Ocean. 8N. 81E. Visited by Portuguese, 1505; driven from -island by Dutch, 1658; ceded to Britain by Treaty of Amiens, 1802; -annexed, 1815. - -=Chakan=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. Captured by Malik Ahmad, 1486; by Shaista -Khan, 1662; by Lieut.-Col. Deacon, 1818. - -=Chakdaha=, Bengal. 23N. 89E. Bp. of Karta Baba, who f. the Kartabhaja -sect. - -=Champaner=, Bombay. 22N. 74E. Taken by Mahmoud Begara, 1484; plundered by -Humayun, 1535. - -=Chanar=, United Provs. 25N. 83E. Supposed to have been f. by Bhartrinath. -Taken by Humayun, 1537; by Akbar, 1575; attempted seizure by Major -Munro, 1763. Near fort is tomb of Saint Shah Kasim Sulaimani. - -=Chandaur=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. Taken by the Mogols, 1635; by Aurungzebe, -1665; by Colonel Wallace, 1804; British possession, 1818. - -=Chanderi=, Central India. 25N. 78E. Seized by Ghiyas-ud-din, 1251; by -Mahmoud Khilji I., 1438; by Jean Baptiste Filose, 1811; by Sir Hugh -Rose, 1858. - -=Chandernagore= ('city of the moon'), Bengal. 23N. 88E. Ceded to French by -Aurungzebe, 1688; taken by British, 1757; restored to French, 1816. - -=Chandragiri=, Madras. 14N. 79E. Said to have been f. by Immadi Narashima -Yadava Rayalu, 1000. Res. of deposed Vijayanagar kings. Conquered by -Hyder Ali, 1782. - -=Charsadda=, Punjab. 34N. 72E. Mentioned by Ptolemy and Arrian; visited by -Hieun Tsiang. - -=Chaul=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Occupied by Portuguese, 1516; pillaged by -Gujerat troops, 1529; Ahmadnagar army defeated by Portuguese, 1594; -taken by Mahrattas, 1740. - -=Chemulpo=, Korea. 37N. 127E. In Russian-Japanese war, Russians defeated -by Admiral Urin, 1904. (See McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') - -=Chengalput=, Madras. 13N. 80E. Said to have been f. by Timmarajah. -Captured by French, 1751; by Clive, 1752; place of refuge of British -troops, 1780. - -=Chetwai=, Madras. 11N. 76E. Occupied by Dutch, 1717; taken by Hyder Ali, -1776; British possession, 1790. - -=Chhapia=, United Provs. 27N. 82E. Bp. of Swami Narayan, incarnation of -Krishna. - -=Chidambaram= ('the atmosphere of wisdom'), Madras. 11N. 80E. Taken by -French, 1753; unsuccessfully attacked by British, 1759; captured by -Major Monson, 1760; unsuccessfully attacked by Sir Eyre Coote, 1781. - -=Chi-fu=, China. 38N. 122E. Convention held between Sir Thomas Wade and Li -Hung Chang, 1876; meeting-place of blockade runners, 1904-5. - -=Chiknayakanhilli=, Madras. 13N. 77E. Pillaged by Mahrattas, 1791. -Burial-place of Dodda Deva Rajah. - -=Chillianwallah=, Punjab. 33N. 74E. Sikhs defeated in doubtful battle by -Lord Gough, 1849. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Chinchvad=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. Res. of Moroba, incarnation of Ganpati, and -scene of his miracles. - -=Chin-Kiang=, China. 35N. 108E. Partially destroyed by Tai-pings, 1853. - -=Chinsurah=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. F. by Dutch, 1656; routed by British under -Colonel Forde, 1758; occupied by British, 1795; restored to Dutch, 1814; -ceded to British, 1825. - -=Chitakul=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. Captured by Portuguese, 1752; by Fazl-ullah -Khan, 1763. - -=Chitrakut=, United Provs. 25N. 81E. Mentioned in the 'Ramayana' as scene -of wanderings of Rama and Sita, and here they were sought out by Bharat. - -=Chittagong=, Burma. 22N. 92E. Visited by Portuguese, 1618; belonged to -Mogol empire, 1666; taken by British, 1760. - -=Chupni=, Bengal. 25N. 92E. Bp. of Akhay Kumar Datta, prose-writer of -Bengal. - -=Cnidus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. Supposed to have been f. by Triopas. -Famous for the worship of Venus. Near the coast of Cnidus Conon defeated -the Spartan fleet, 314 B.C. Bp. of Eudoxus, Ctesias, and Sostratus. - -=Cochin=, Madras. 10N. 76E. Taken from the Portuguese by Dutch, 1633; -captured by British, 1795; ceded by treaty to British, 1814. Visited by -Vasco da Gama, 1502; by St. Francis Xavier, 1530. (See Hakluyt's -'Voyages.') - -=Coimbatore=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Taken by British from Tippoo Sahib, 1799. - -=Colgong=, Bengal. 25N. 87E. Death of Ghiyas-ud-din Mahmoud, last king of -Bengal, took place here, 1539. - -=Colombo=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. Taken by Portuguese, 1517; ousted by Dutch, -1603; conquered by British, 1796. - -=Colophon=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Supposed to have been f. by Andracmon of -Pylos or by Mopsus. Bp. of Homer, Mimnermus, and Nicander. - -=Colossæ=, Asia Minor. 38N. 29E. Now represented by Khonas, bp. of Nicetas -Khoniates. Mentioned by Xenophon and Herodotus. St. Paul sent a letter -to its church during his imprisonment at Rome. - -=Conjeveram=, Madras. 13N. 80E. Captured by Mussulmans, 1310, 1646; by -Mahrattas, 1677; by Clive, 1752; burnt by French, 1757. - -=Coringa=, Madras. 17N. 82E. Became British possession, 1759. Inundated -and partially destroyed by ocean, 1787, 1832. - -=Cossimbazar=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. British defeated by Surajah Dowlah, 1757. -Contains tomb of first wife of Warren Hastings. - -=Covelong=, Madras. 13N. 80E. Captured by French, 1750; by Clive, 1752. - -=Cranganore=, Madras. 10N. 76E. Fortress erected by Portuguese, 1505; -ceded to Dutch, 1660; sold to Rajah of Travancore. - -=Cunaxa=, Asiatic Turkey. 33N. 44E. Cyrus the Younger killed here in a -battle with his brother, Artaxerxes Mnemon, 401 B.C. - -=Cydnus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 35E. River up which Cleopatra sailed to meet -Antony. - -=Cyprus=, Asiatic Turkey. 35N. 33E. Seat of worship of Aphrodite; bp. of -Barnabas. Conquered by Arabs, 646; retaken by Greeks, 648; secured by -Haroun-al-Raschid, 802; by Comnenus, 1184; ruled by Guy de Lusignan, -1193; occupied by Turks, 1570; ruled by British, 1878. (See Kinglake's -'Eothen,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages.') - - -=Dafar=, Arabia. 17N. 54E. Described in 'Travels of Marco Polo' as Dulfar. - -=Damalcheruvu Pass=, Madras. 13N. 79E. Mahrattas defeated and killed Nawab -Dost Ali, 1740. - -=Daman=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. Portuguese possession since 1531. - -=Damascus=, Syria. 34N. 36E. Supposed to have been f. by Uz. Conquered by -David, by Jeroboam II., Tiglath-Pileser, Sennacherib, and -Nebuchadnezzar. Subdued by Pompey, 64 B.C.; by Mohammedans, 635; -conquered by Nureddin, 1154; Saladin died here, 1193; Egyptians defeated -by Tamerlane, 1401; taken from Turks by Selim I., 1516; captured by -Ibrahim Pasha, 1832; ceded to Turkey, 1840. Massacre of Jews, 1840; of -Christians, 1860. The English historian Buckle died here. (See -Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Burton's 'Wanderings in Three Continents,' Twain's -'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Hakluyt's -'Voyages,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.') - -=Daminya=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. Bp. of Mukunda Ram Chakrabarti. - -=Daulatabad= ('abode of prosperity'), Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. F. by Bhillama -I., c. 1187 A.D.; seized by Ala-ud-din Khilji, 1294; by Mohammedans, -1307, 1310; Rajah Harpal flayed alive, 1318; captured by Nijam Shakis -from Bahmanis, 1526; from Emperor Akbar, 1595; taken by Malik Amber, -1607; by Shah Jahan, 1633; Abul Hasan imprisoned here by Aurungzebe, -1687. - -=Dead Sea=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. Frequently mentioned in biblical history. -(See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient.') - -=Deglur=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. Contains tomb of Shah Zia-ud-din Rifai. - -=Delhi=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. Captured by Mohammedans, 1193; by Tamerlane, -1398; Sultan Baber established Mogol dynasty, 1526; burnt by Mahrattas, -1736; taken by Persians, who plundered it of treasures, including -Koh-i-noor diamond, 1739; recaptured by Mahrattas, 1789; seized by Lord -Lake, 1803; scene of terrible massacre of British in Mutiny, 1857; -Durbar of Edward VII. held here, 1903; of George V., 1911. (See Mrs. F. -A. Steel's 'On the Face of the Waters' and 'India through the Ages,' -Madhu Sudan Datta's 'Captive Ladie,' Moore's 'Lalla Rookh.') - -=Deogarh=, United Provs. 25N. 78E. Contains carvings dating from 1097. -Captured by Colonel Baptiste, 1811. - -=Deogurk=, Bengal. 25N. 87E. Contains many temples to Siva, and is famous -place of pilgrimage. - -=Deraiyeh=, Arabia. 25N. 46E. Ancient capital of Wahabis; destroyed by -Egyptians under Ibrahim Pasha, 1818. - -=Devanhalli=, Madras. 15N. 78E. F. in 1501; captured by Lord Cornwallis, -1791. Bp. of Tippoo Sahib. - -=Devikottai=, Madras. 11N. 80E. Taken from Pratap Singh by British, 1749; -occupied by British garrison, 1760. - -=Dhampur=, United Provs. 29N. 79E. Captured by Dunde Khan, c. 1750; by -Amir Khan, 1805. - -=Dhar=, Central India. 23N. 75E. Destroyed by Jaya Sinha, 1020; yielded to -Aurungzebe, 1658. Bp. of Baji Rao II., and contains mausoleum of -Abdullah Shah Changal, Mohammedan saint. - -=Dharapuram=, Madras. 11N. 78E. Taken by Colonel Wood, 1768; by Hyder Ali, -1768; by General Medows, 1790. - -=Dharwar=, Bombay. 15N. 75E. Fort said to have been f. by Dhar Rao, 1403; -captured by Ali Adil Shah, 1573; by Aurungzebe, 1685; by Hyder Ali, -1778; British possession, 1818. - -=Dholka=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. Captured by Mahrattas, 1736; ceded to British, -1804. - -=Dholpur= ('the town of Dholan'), Rajputana. 27N. 78E. Alleged to have -been f. by Dholan Deo. Taken by Sikander Lodi, 1501; by Babar, 1526. - -=Dhulia=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. Devastated by Holkar, 1803; British -possession, 1818. - -=Diarbekr=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 40E. F. on the site of ancient city of -Amida. Fortified by Constantius, 340; captured by Persians, 502; by -Arabs, 640; by Sultan Selim I., 1515. - -=Dig=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. Fell to Najaf Khan, 1776; General Frazer -conquered Holkar in the vicinity, 1804. - -=Dindigull=, Madras. 10N. 78E. Overcome by Rajah of Mysore, 1755; taken by -British from Tippoo Sahib, 1783, but given back, 1784; ceded to British, -1792. - -=Dipalpur=, Punjab. 31N. 74E. Conquered by Tamerlane, 1398; besieged by -Babar, 1524; by Mahrattas, 1758. - -=Diu=, Bombay. 21N. 71E. Occupied by Portuguese, 1515; fortified, 1535; -plundered by Arabs, 1670. - -=Dolon-nor=, Mongolia. 42N. 116E. Contains many Buddhist temples, and the -ruins of Changtou described by Marco Polo are near this city. - -=Dondra Head= ('island's end'), Ceylon. 6N. 80E. Most southernly point of -island, considered sacred by the Hindus. Ibn Batouka, the Arabian -geographer, visited this place, 1344. Destroyed by Portuguese, 1587. - -=Dumdum=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Scene of Sepoy rising in Mutiny, 1857. - -=Dwarka=, Bombay. 22N. 69E. Taken by British, 1816. Associated with -Krishna, and sometimes said to be his birthplace. - - -=Ecbatana= ('an assembly'), Persia. 35N. 48E. Ancient capital of Media, -supposed to have been f. by Deioces, c. 705 B.C.; now known as Hamadan. -Conquered and plundered by Seleucus, 313; by Alexander, 331 B.C. -Contains tombs alleged to be those of Mordecai and Esther, also mosque -of Avicenna. - -=Efsene=, Turkestan. 40N. 65E. Bp. of Avicenna, Persian philosopher and -physician. - -=Ekron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Ancient city of Philistia, frequently -mentioned in the Bible. Taken by Thothmes III., c. 1500 B.C.; by -Sennacherib, 701 B.C. - -=Elburz=, Persia. 37N. 50E. Mountains, on one of which Saum exposed his -son Zalzer. (See Firdausi's 'Sha Name.') - -=El Elah=, Arabia. 26N. 39E. Visited by C. M. Doughty, and described in -'Travels in Arabia Deserta.' - -=Elephanta=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Sacred island in Hindu mythology, -containing many temples. - -=Ellichpur=, Berar. 21N. 77E. F. by Rajah Ellon. Besieged by Mahrattas, -1772; taken by Ala-Eddin, 1794. - -=Ellora=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. Contains wonderful temples to Buddha hewn -out of rock. The Kailasa temple possesses sculptures of scenes from the -'Ramayana' and the 'Mahabharata.' - -=Endor=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Place where witch summoned before Saul the -spirit of Samuel, who foretold his defeat and death. - -=Engedi= ('goat's spring'), Palestine. 31N. 35E. Frequently mentioned in -the Bible, especially as the wilderness to which David fled from Saul. -Pliny refers to it as a ruin. - -=Enoshima=, Japan. 35N. 140E. An island near Yokohama containing -celebrated shrine. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar -Japan.') - -=Ephesus=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Said to have been f. by Amazons, or by -Androcles, son of Codrus. Taken by the Arabs from the Persians, 1283. -Famous as a sacred city of Artemis. The first Christian church -established here, of which Timothy was bishop. John the Baptist and the -Virgin Mary are said to have died in this city. Bp. of Heraclitus, -Hermodorus, Hipponax, and Parrhasius. (See Mark Twain's 'New Pilgrim's -Progress.') - -=Erbil=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 44E. Darius finally defeated by Alexander, 331 -B.C. - -=Erivan=, Transcaucasia. 40N. 45E. Taken by the Turks 1582; by Shah Abbas, -1604; stormed by Turks, 1615; unsuccessfully attacked by Heraclius, -1780; by Russians, 1804; taken by Paskevich, 1827; ceded to Russia, -1828. Partially destroyed by earthquake, 1679. (See Bodenstedt's -'Tausend und ein Tage im Orient' for Tatar poem in celebration of -Russian victory.) - -=Erode=, Madras. 11N. 78E. Captured by British, 1768; by Hyder Ali, 1768; -by General Medows, 1790. - -=Erzerum=, Turkish Armenia. 40N. 41E. Taken by Seljuks, 1201; by Mogols, -1242; by Turks, 1517; by Russians, 1828, 1878; but restored to Turks, -1878. Experienced severe earthquake, 1859. - -=Erzingan=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 40E. Home of St. Gregory. Greatly -suffered from earthquake, 1774. - -=Esdraelon= ('God has sown'), Palestine. 33N. 35E. Plain frequently -occurring in biblical history, notably at the time of Barak's defeat of -Sisera, Gideon's victory over Midianites, and Philistines over Saul, -also in the time of Ahab. - -=Eskishehr=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 30E. Contains several tombs of -Mohammedan saints. Near the city Godfrey of Bouillon defeated Soliman. - -=Etchmiadsin=, Transcaucasia. 40N. 44E. Ecclesiastical capital of Armenia, -with famous monastery. Taken by Russians during Russo-Persian war, 1827; -ceded to Russians, 1828. - -=Euphrates=, Asiatic Turkey. 30N. 48E. Most important river of the world. -One of the four rivers of Eden; on its banks Nimrod f. the Babylonian -empire, and the Old Testament patriarchs dwelt. - -=Eurymedon=, Asia Minor. 37N. 31E. River at whose mouth Persians were -defeated by Cimon, 466 B.C. - -=Everest=, Mount, Nepal. 28N. 87E. Highest known peak in the world, the -altitude of which was discovered by Sir George Everest, 1841; named in -his honour by Sir Andrew Waugh, 1856. - - -=Falta=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. Scene of British retreat after capture of -Calcutta, 1756. - -=Famagousta=, Cyprus. 35N. 34E. F. by Ptolemy Philadelphus. Taken by -Richard Coeur de Lion, 1191; Guy de Lusignan crowned here. Captured by -Genoese, 1376; yielded to Turks, 1571. - -=Fatehgarh=, United Provs. 27N. 80E. F. by Nawab Mohammed Khan, c. 1714; -stormed by Mahrattas, 1751; Lord Lake defeated Holkar, 1804. - -=Ferozeshah=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. Sir Hugh Gough and Sir Henry Hardinge -defeated Sikhs, 1845. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Firospur= ('city of Firuz'), Punjab. 28N. 77E. Battle fought between -Sikhs and British, which gave Punjab to Britain, 1845. - -=Formosa= ('beautiful'), China. 24N. 121E. Portuguese landed, 1590. Dutch -f. Fort Zelandia, 1624; withdrew, 1662. Attached to China, 1683; opened -to foreigners, 1858; Anping and Zelandia occupied by British, 1868, but -restored to China; island invaded by Japanese, 1874; captured by French, -1884; ceded by China to Japan, 1895. (See Diosy's 'New Far East,' -Little's 'Far East.') - -=Fort St. David=, Madras. 12N. 80E. F. by Hindu, Chinnia Chetti; purchased -by British, 1690; Clive became its governor, 1756; captured by French -under Lally, 1758; given up, 1760; recaptured, 1782; restored to -British, 1785. - -=Fu-chau= ('happy region'), China. 26N. 119E. The walled capital of -Fu-kien. Open to foreign trade, 1842; contains an arsenal constructed by -two Frenchmen, 1867; bombarded by French, 1884. - -=Fuji Yama=, Japan. 35N. 139E. Supposed to have sprung up in a single -night, 285 B.C. Highest mountain in Japan, held in religious veneration, -famous in legend, poetry, and art. It is volcanic, the last outbreak -taking place in 1707. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar -Japan.') - -=Fulia=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Bp. of Krittibas, translator into Bengali of -'Ramayana.' - -=Furruckabad= ('happy abode'), Bengal. 25N. 88E. Lord Lake defeated -Mahratta Holkar, 1805. - -=Futtehghur=, Rajputana. 26N. 75E. Nearly entire European inhabitants -massacred, 1857. - -=Futtipur-Sikri= ('city of victory'), United Provs. 27N. 78E. F. by Akbar, -1570. Res. and burial-place of Saint Salim Chishti. (See Mrs. F. A. -Steel's 'Prince of Dreamers.') - -=Fyzabad=, Afghanistan. 37N. 70E. Destroyed by Murad Beg, 1829; rebuilt by -Faiz Muhammed Khan, 1865. - - -=Galle=, Ceylon. 6N. 80E. F. by Portuguese, 1518; taken by Dutch, 1642; by -British, 1796. - -=Galna=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. Pillaged by Sivaji, 1679; captured by -Aurungzebe, 1705; by Colonel Wallace, 1804. - -=Gamala=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. Unsuccessfully besieged by Agrippa; -captured by Vespasian in Jewish war, 66-70. - -=Gaur=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. Ancient capital of Bengal. Seized by -Mohammedans, 1204; embellished by Akbar, 1575. (See Burton's 'Vikram and -the Vampire,' 7th story.) - -=Gaya=, Bengal. 25N. 85E. Sacred city of the Buddhists, being the bp. of -Buddha. - -=Gaza=, Palestine. 32N. 34E. City from which Samson is said to have taken -the gates. Burnt by Syrian king, Alexander Jannæus, 96 B.C.; captured by -Omar, 634; occupied by Templars, 1152; taken by Saladin, 1187. (See -Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en -Syrie et en Egypte.') - -=Gerasa=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. Taken by Alexander Jannæus, 83 B.C.; -rebuilt by Romans, 65 B.C. - -=Gethsemane=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Scene of Christ's vigil on the eve of -his crucifixion. (See Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient.') - -=Ghaziabad=, United Provs. 29N. 77E. F. by Ghazi-ud-din, 1740. Suraj Mal -killed by Rohillas, 1763. - -=Ghazipur=, United Provs. 26N. 84E. Capital of district of Ghazipur; -contains many magnificent ruins. Lord Cornwallis died here, 1805. (See -Kipling's 'In an Opium Factory.') - -=Ghazni=, Afghanistan. 34N. 68E. Seized by Nadir Shah, 1738; by Lord -Keane, 1839; by General Nutt, 1842. Contains tomb of Mahmud of Ghazni, -1030. - -=Gheriah=, Bombay. 17N. 73E. Bombarded by British fleet under Admiral -Watson, and captured by Clive, 1756; British possession, 1818. - -=Ghodbandar=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Mahrattas unsuccessfully stormed town, -1672; captured from Portuguese, 1737. - -=Ghoraghat=, Bengal. 25N. 89E. Mentioned in the 'Mahabharata' as place of -refuge of Virat Rajah. - -=Gibeah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Res. of King Saul, and alleged to be his -birthplace. - -=Gibeon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Famous in Old Testament history, especially -for Joshua's defence of the city against the Amorites. - -=Gilboa=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Range of hills, on one of which King Saul -and his three sons were killed in battle. - -=Gingi=, Madras. 12N. 79E. Captured by Bandaullah Khan, 1638; by Sivaji, -1677; besieged for eight years by Zulfikar Khan, 1690; taken by French, -1750; by British, 1761; abandoned to Hyder Ali, 1780. - -=Giria=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Celebrated for defeat of Sarfaraz Khan, 1740; -and Mir Kasim, 1763. - -=Giridhi=, Bengal. 24N. 86E. Centre of Karharbari coal-fields, and -described in Kipling's 'Giridih Coal-Fields.' - -=Goa=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. Taken by Mohammedans, 1469; by Albuquerque, 1510; -by British, 1807; recaptured by Portuguese, 1815. Contains tomb of St. -Francis Xavier. (See Marryat's 'Phantom Ship,' Burton's 'Goa and the -Blue Mountains,' 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages.') - -=Gobardanga=, Bengal. 23N. 89E. Alleged place where Krishna guarded his -flocks. - -=Gobardhan=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. Said to have been a favourite res. of -Krishna. - -=Gokana=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. Contains tomb of Saint Shah Zia-ud-din -Mohammed. - -=Gokarn=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. Place of pilgrimage for Hindus; mentioned in -'Mahabharata' and 'Ramayana.' - -=Golconda=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. A ruined city, f. by Rajah of Warangal; -destroyed by Aurungzebe, 1687. - -=Gooruncondah= ('horse-hill'), Madras. 14N. 79E. Taken by Hyder Ali, 1768; -yielded to Trimbak Rao, 1771; captured by Tippoo Sahib, 1773; British -possession, 1800. - -=Granicus=, Asia Minor. 40N. 27E. River on the banks of which Alexander -the Great first defeated the Persians, 334 B.C.; Lucullus defeated -Mithridates, 74 B.C. - -=Gujranwala=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. Bp. of Ranjit Singh, and burial-place of -his father and of himself. - -=Gujrat=, Punjab. 33N. 74E. Sikhs conquered by Sir Hugh Gough, 1849. (See -Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Gulbarga=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. Taken by Zafar Khan, 1347; by Mir Jumla, -1657. Contains tomb of Khwaja Band Nawaz, Mussulman saint. - -=Gumush-Khaneh= ('place of silver'), Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 38E. Pasha of -Trebizond defeated by Russians, 1829. - -=Gutti=, Madras. 15N. 78E. Res. of Morari Rao. Fell to Hyder Ali, 1775; -British possession, 1800. - -=Gwalior=, Central India. 26N. 78E. Contains palace of Man Singh, f. 1486, -and Victoria College; also tombs of Sheik Mohammed Ghaus and of Tan Sen. -Maharajah faithful to England, though his army rebelled during Mutiny, -1857. - - -=Haidarabad=, Haidarabad. 17N. 79E. Capital of the Nizam's dominions; f. -by Cuttub-Shah, 1585. Taken and plundered by Aurungzebe, 1687. - -=Hakata=, Japan. 34N. 130E. Formerly an independent town; now forming part -of Tukuoka. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Out of the East.') - -=Halicarnassus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. Mausoleum erected here by Artemisia -in honour of her husband, Mausolus. Bp. of Herodotus and Dionysius. - -=Hamadan=, Persia. 35N. 48E. F. on the site of ancient Ecbatana, -containing tombs alleged to be of Mordecai and Esther, also those of -Avicenna, Attar, and Abul-Hasi. - -=Hamah=, Syria. 35N. 37E. Often mentioned in the Old Testament. Fell into -the hands of Tancred, 1108; of Togtekin, 1115; of Saladin, 1178. -Abulfeda, the Arabian geographer, was emir, 1342-54. - -=Hami=, China. 43N. 94E. Described in the 'Travels of Marco Polo.' - -=Hang-Chau=, China. 30N. 120E. Capital of Che-kiang. Visited by Marco Polo -and Barrow. Successfully stormed by Taiping rebels, 1861; open to -foreign trade and res., 1896. (See 'Travels of Marco Polo,' Little's -'Far East.') - -=Han-kau= ('Han-mouth'), China. 31N. 114E. Greatest commercial city of -empire; mentioned by F. J. Little in 'The Far East.' - -=Hanoi= ('within the river'), Indo-China. 21N. 106E. F. by a Chinese -governor, c. 767, became capital of Annam. Citadel built in 808. -Contains a colossal Buddha, also statue to Paul Bert. French possession -since 1882. (See Little's 'Far East.') - -=Hansi=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. Alleged to have been f. by Anang Pal. Seized by -Masud, 1036; by Mohammed of Ghor, 1192. Contains tomb of Kulb -Jamal-ud-din. - -=Hanumangarh=, Rajputana. 30N. 74E. Tamerlane defeated by Dul Chand, 1398; -taken by Kamran, 1549. - -=Harbin=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. Military base of Russians during -Russo-Japanese War. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia,' Little's 'Far East.') - -=Hardwar= ('gate of Vishnu'), United Provs. 30N. 78E. Famous resort of -pilgrims; battle between two rival sects, 1760; terrible epidemic of -cholera, 1847. - -=Harnai=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. Attacked by Commodore James, 1755; captured by -Colonel Kennedy, 1818. - -=Hattia=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. Captured by Portuguese pirates, 1607. -Destroyed by cyclone, 1876. - -=Hayil=, Arabia. 28N. 42E. Visited by C. M. Doughty, and described in -'Travels in Arabia Deserta.' - -=Hebron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Frequently mentioned in the Bible, -especially in connection with David. Traditionally supposed to have been -f. by Adam. The cave of Macpelah reputed to be here, containing Abraham, -Isaac, Jacob, Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah. The tombs are shown of Ruth, -Jesse, and Abner. Conquered by Saladin, 1187; destroyed by Ibrahim -Pasha, 1834 and 1837. (See Thomson's 'Land and the Book.') - -=Hei-ku-tai=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. Seized by the Russians, 1904. - -=Herat=, Afghanistan. 34N. 62E. Foundation attributed to Alexander the -Great. Taken by Arabs, 661; by Nadir Shah, 1730; Persians defeated by -British, 1837; fell to Yar Mohammed Khan, 1842; to Dost Mohammed, 1862. -(See Rawlinson's 'England and Russia in the East.') - -=Heshbon=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. Mentioned in the Bible, and described by -C. M. Doughty in 'Travels in Arabia Deserta.' - -=Hikone=, Japan. 35N. 137E. Contains remains of ancient Daimio castle. -Battle of Sekigahare fought near here, 1600. - -=Hinomizaki=, Japan. 35N. 132E. Described by Lafcadio Hearn in 'Glimpses -of Unfamiliar Japan.' - -=Hissar=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. F. by Firoz Shah Tughlak, 1356; captured by -the adventurer, George Thomas, 1783; mutinied 1857. - -=Homs=, Syria. 35N. 37E. Aurelian conquered Zenobia, 272; city captured by -Saracens, 636; by Crusaders, 1099; Turks defeated by Ibrahim Pasha in -command of Egyptian forces, 1832. Bp. of Heliogabalus. (See Volney's -'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.') - -=Honawar=, Bombay. 14N. 74E. Visited by Ibn Batatu, 1342. Occupied by -Portuguese, 1505; captured by British, 1783, 1799. - -=Hong-Kong= ('fragrant streams'), China. 22N. 114E. Occupied by British -troops, 1841; ceded to Britain, 1842. (See Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea,' -Little's 'Far East.') - -=Hor= ('mountain'), Arabia Petræa. 30N. 36E. Mountain on which tradition -relates the death of Aaron took place. - -=Horeb=, Arabia Petræa. 29N. 34E. Mountain on which Moses is said to have -seen the burning bush, and to which Elijah fled from Jezebel. (See -'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') - -=Hsi-ngan= ('west tranquil city'), China. 34N. 109E. Visited by Marco -Polo; contains oldest mosque in China and tablet with Chinese and Syriac -inscription dating from 781. Emperor and dowager empress sought refuge -here, 1900. - -=Hubli= ('old village'), Bombay. 15N. 75E. Captured by Muazzam, 1685; by -General Munro, 1818. - -=Hue=, Indo-China. 16N. 108E. Capital of Annam; forts taken by French, -1883. (See Little's 'Far East.') - -=Hugli=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. F. by Portuguese, 1537; besieged by Shah Jahan, -1629; Mohammedans made it royal port, 1632; East India Company -established factory, 1640; destroyed by fire, 1685. - - -=Ida=, Asia Minor. 40N. 27E. Range of mountains celebrated by Homer. In -them the Simois, Granicus and Scamander had their origin, and Troy lay -in the valley. Supposed scene of rape of Ganymede and judgment of Paris. - -=Ipsus=, Asia Minor. 39N. 31E. Seleucus and Lysimachus conquered Antigonus -and Demetrius Poliorcetes, 301 B.C. or 300 B.C. - -=Irkutsk=, Siberia. 52N. 104E. F. by Cossacks, 1653; proclaimed town, and -first church built, 1686; government headquarters, 1736; devastated by -fire, 1879. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia.') - -=Isker=, Siberia. 58N. 67E. Captured by Russians under Yermak, 1579. - -=Ismid=, Asia Minor. 41N. 30E. Formerly capital of Bithynia under name of -Nicomedia; given to the Romans by Nicomede III. Destroyed by Goths, and -by earthquake, 358. Taken by Turks, 1326. - -=Isnik=, Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. F. by Antigone. Nicene creed formed here by -a council held against Arius, 325. - -=Ispahan=, Persia. 33N. 52E. Said to have been f. by Jews who were taken -captive by Nebuchadnezzar; former capital of Persia. Tamerlane massacred -the inhabitants, 1392; besieged and plundered by Afghans, 1722; re-taken -by Nadir Shah, 1729. (See Montesquieu's 'Lettres Persanes,' 'Purchas His -Pilgrimes.') - -=Issus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 36E. Alexander the Great conquered Darius in a -decisive battle, 333 B.C.; Septimus Severus defeated Niger, 194; -Heraclius overthrew Persians, 622. - -=Istalif=, Afghanistan. 35N. 69E. Destroyed by British, 1842. - - -=Jabbok= ('copious river'), Palestine. 32N. 36E. River on the banks of -which Jacob is supposed to have wrestled with an angel. (See Doughty's -'Travels in Arabia Deserta.') - -=Jaffa=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Celebrated in heathen mythology as the scene -of the adventure of Perseus and Andromeda, in Scripture history as the -port from which Jonas embarked and city in which Peter raised Tabitha. -Cæsar yielded town to the Jews, but it returned to Rome, 6; taken by -El-Malik el-Adil, Saladin's brother, 1188; ceded to Christians, 1204; -restored by Frederick II., 1228; fortified by St. Louis, 1252; -dismantled by Beybars, 1267; taken by Napoleon, 1799; by Mehemet Ali, -1832; by Turks, 1840. Partially destroyed by earthquake, 1838. (See -Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Hakluyt's -'Voyages.') - -=Jalalabad=, Afghanistan. 34N. 70E. F. by Akbar, 1570. Sir Robert Sale -made a successful resistance against Afghans, 1842. - -=Jalandhar=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. Visited by Hiuen Tsiang. Destroyed by -Sikhs, 1757; taken by Ranjit Singh, 1811. - -=Jamalpur=, Bengal. 25N. 86E. Chief locomotive centre of East Indian -Railway, described by Kipling in 'Among the Railway Folk.' - -=Jaypur=, Rajputana. 27N. 76E. F. by Sawai Jai Singh, 1728; greatest city -of Rajputana. (See Kipling's 'Letters of Marque.') - -=Jericho=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Ancient city frequently mentioned in -biblical history, and also by Josephus and Strabo. It was destroyed by -Joshua, but rebuilt in Ahab's reign. Here Christ healed blind Bartimæus. -(See Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' -Thomson's 'Land and the Book.') - -=Jerusalem=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Ancient capital of Palestine, mentioned -in Egyptian record c. 1400 B.C. Destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar, 586 B.C.; -Jews permitted to return by Cyrus, 536 B.C.; Jews massacred by Antiochus -IV., 168 B.C.; fortified by Judas Maccabæus, 165 B.C.; captured by -Pompey, 63 B.C.; taken and destroyed by Titus, 70; new city f. by -Hadrian, 71; Godfrey de Bouillon reigned, 1099; passed into hands of -Ottoman Turks, 1516. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Firdausi's 'Sha Name,' -Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' -'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Hakluyt's -'Voyages.') - -=Jezreel= ('God sows'), Palestine. 33N. 35E. A town near which Saul fell -in battle, containing the res. of Jezebel and Ahab. - -=Jhansi=, Central India. 26N. 79E. F. by Bir Singh Deo. Massacre of -Europeans in the Mutiny, 1857. - -=Jhelum=, Punjab. 31N. 72E. The Hydaspes of classical literature, on the -banks of which Alexander the Great defeated the Indian chief Porus. - -=Jidda=, Arabia. 22N. 39E. Taken by Turks, 1840; massacre of Christian -missionaries, 1858. Contains supposed tomb of Eve. (See Doughty's -'Travels in Arabia Deserta,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Arabia.') - -=Jind=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. Attacked by Gajpat Singh, 1755; Rahim Dad Khan -here met his death, 1775. - -=Joonir=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. F. by Malik-ut-Tujar, 1436; pillaged by -Sivaji, 1657. - -=Jordan=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. Chief river of Palestine, of which mention -occurs frequently in biblical history. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' -Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient.') - -=Jugduluk=, Afghanistan. 35N. 70E. British troops massacred, 1842. - - -=Kabbaldurga=, Madras. 12N. 77E. Chama Rajah imprisoned here in 1734, and -Morari Rao by Hyder Ali. - -=Kabul=, Afghanistan. 35N. 69E. Conquered by Nadir Shah, 1739; by British, -1839; massacre of British soldiers, 1842; retaken by British, 1842; by -Shere Ali, 1868; massacre of Major Cavagnari, 1879; Lord Roberts subdued -city in his campaign, 1878-80. (See Firdausi's 'Sha Name.') - -=Kagoshima=, Japan. 35N. 140E. Destroyed by British fleet, 1863; Satsuma -Rebellion had its origin here, but was crushed, 1877. - -=Kaithal=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. Contains tomb of Mohammedan saint -Salah-ud-din of Balkh. Captured by Bhai Desu Singh, 1767. - -=Kalat=, Baluchistan. 29N. 67E. Unsuccessfully attacked by Ahmad Shah -Durrani, 1758; captured by British, 1839. - -=Kalgan=, China. 41N. 115E. Walled city mentioned by A. J. Little in 'The -Far East.' - -=Kallinjar=, Bengal. 25N. 80E. Connected with worship of Siva. Attacked by -Mahmoud of Ghazni, 1023; captured by Kutb-ud-din, 1203; besieged by -Humayun, 1530; taken by Akbar, 1569; by British, 1812. - -=Kalpi=, United Provs. 26N. 80E. Said to have been f. by Basdeo. Captured -by Kutb-ud-din, 1196; by Humayun, 1527; by British, 1798. - -=Kalyan=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Captured by Portuguese, 1536; by Mohammedans, -1660; by British, 1780. - -=Kamagawa=, Japan. 35N. 140E. Town at which treaty was signed opening -Japan to Europeans, 1854. - -=Kamakura=, Japan. 35N. 140E. Former capital of Shogunate, and contains -colossal statue of Buddha. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar -Japan.') - -=Kampil=, Bengal. 28N. 79E. Mentioned in 'Mahabharata' as scene of wedding -of Draupadi. - -=Kan-chow=, China. 39N. 101E. Described in 'Travels of Marco Polo.' - -=Kanchrapara=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. Bp. of Iswar Chandra Gupta. - -=Kandahar=, Afghanistan. 32N. 66E. F. by Ahmed Shah, 1747, near site of -city f. by Alexander the Great, 330 B.C. Taken by British, 1839, 1879. -Stormed by Ayub Khan, but relieved by Lord Roberts, 1880. - -=Kandy=, Ceylon. 7N. 81E. Contained temple in which was supposed to be a -tooth of Buddha; destroyed by Portuguese. Capital of Ceylon, 1592; taken -by Portuguese, 1796; entered by British, 1803; became British -possession, 1815. - -=Kang-hwa= ('river-flower'), Korea. 38N. 127E. Plundered by French under -Admiral Roze, 1866; attacked by Americans, 1871; peace established by -treaty, 1875. - -=Kangra=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. Pillaged by Firoz Shah, 1360; taken by Sansar -Chand, 1785. - -=Kapilavastu=, Nepal. 28N. 83E. Site of city not definitely known, but was -ancient capital of Sakyas, and bp. of Buddha. (See Sir Edwin Arnold's -'Light of Asia.') - -=Karachi=, Sind. 25N. 67E. F. in 1725; ceded by Talpur Amirs to British, -1842. - -=Karakoram=, China. 46N. 102E. Said to be ancient capital of Genghis Khan. -(See 'Travels of Marco Polo.') - -=Karazan=, China. 25N. 103E. Capital of province of Yun-Nan. (See 'Travels -of Marco Polo.') - -=Karikal=, Madras, 11N. 80E. Ceded to French by Rajah of Tanjaur, 1739; -seized by British, 1803; restored to French, 1814. - -=Karnal=, Punjab. 30N. 77E. Contains tomb of Bu-Ali Kalandar. Pillaged by -Ibrahim Husain Mirza, 1573; captured by Mahrattas, 1787; by British, -1805. - -=Kars=, Armenia. 41N. 43E. Taken by Turks, 1546; fortified, 1579; -conquered by Persians, 1744; by Russians, under Paskevitch, 1828; Ismael -Pasha and General Williams held it unsuccessfully against Russians, -1855; stormed by Russians, 1877; and ceded to them, 1878. - -=Karur= ('embryo town'), Madras. 11N. 78E. Seized by British, 1760; by -Hyder Ali, 1768; by General Medows, 1790. - -=Kashgar=, Eastern Turkestan. 39N. 76E. Rebelled against China, and became -capital of Yakub Beg's dominions, 1865; retaken by Chinese, 1877. (See -'Travels of Marco Polo,' Rawlinson's 'England and Russia in the East,' -Little's 'Far East.') - -=Kashmir, Vale of=, Kashmir. 34N. 75E. Scene of the story of 'The Light of -the Haram' in Moore's 'Lalla Rookh.' - -=Kasur=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. Alleged to have been f. by Kusa, son of Rama. -Besieged by Bhangi chiefs, 1763, 1770; Ranjit Singh defeated Kutb-ud-din -Khan, 1807. - -=Katwa=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Sacred town as res. of apostle Chaitanya. - -=Kaveripak=, Madras. 13N. 79E. Rajah Sahib and French defeated by Clive, -1752. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Kaveripatnam=, Madras. 12N. 78E. Taken from Hyder Ali by British, 1767. - -=Kendubilwa=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Bp. and burial-place of Jayadeva, composer -of 'Gita Govinda.' (See R. C. Dutt's 'Lit. of Bengal.') - -=Kerbela=, Asiatic Turkey. 33N. 44E. Hosein, son of Caliph Ali, killed in -battle with rival Yazid, 680; chief building of the city, visited by -many pilgrims, is mosque containing Hosein's tomb. Subdued by Turks, -1843. - -=Kerkouk=, Kurdistan. 35N. 44E. Stormed and taken by Nadir Shah, 1741. -Tomb is shown supposed to be of Daniel and other 'children of the -furnace.' - -=Kerman=, Persia. 30N. 56E. Taken and plundered by Mahomed Khan, 1794. - -=Khaiba=, Arabia. 26N. 40E. Visited by C. M. Doughty, and described in -'Travels in Arabia Deserta.' - -=Khaiber Pass=, Afghanistan. 34N. 71E. In Afghan wars opposition to -British passage overcome, 1839; terrible loss encountered in retreat, -1842; held by neighbouring Afridis, 1879. - -=Khatmandu=, Nepal. 28N. 85E. Believed to have been f. c. 723. Massacre of -British, 1846. - -=Khios=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 26E. Famous as bp. of Ion, Theocritus, and -Theopompus; contained the 'school of Homer.' - -=Khiva=, Russian Turkestan. 42N. 60E. Captured by Russians under General -Kaufmann, 1873. (See Rawlinson's 'England and Russia in the East.') - -=Khuldabad=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. Contains many tombs of famous men, -among others those of Nasir Jang and Aurungzebe. - -=Kiakhta=, Siberia. 50N. 107E. Described by Bishop Sheepshanks in 'My Life -in Mongolia and Siberia.' - -=Kidron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Valley which was the scene of many -incidents in biblical narratives; David crossed the River Kidron when -fleeing from Absalom. Believed will be scene of Last Judgment. Mentioned -by Jerome and Eusebius. - -=Kin-chau=, Manchuria. 39N. 121E. Japanese defeated Russians, 1904. - -=King-te-shen=, China. 29N. 117E. Partially destroyed by Tai-ping rebels, -1855. - -=Kioto=, Japan. 35N. 136E. F. by Kuwammu. Former capital of Japan. (See -Lafcadio Hearn's 'Out of the East,' Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.') - -=Kirtipur=, Punjab. 32N. 75E. Nanek, founder of Sikh religion, and -compiler of 'Adi-Granth' died here. - -=Kishon=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Scene of defeat of Sisera, and Elijah's -destruction of the prophets of Baal. Battle fought on banks of river -between Turks and French, 1799. - -=Kizuki=, Japan. 35N. 133E. Great centre of Shinto religion in Japan. (See -Lafcadio Hearn's 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan.') - -=Kobe=, Japan. 35N. 135E. Formerly an independent town, but united to -Hiogo, 1892. (See Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.') - -=Kolar=, Mysore. 13N. 78E. Contains tomb of father of Hyder Ali. Given to -Hyder Ali, 1761; captured by British, 1768; by Mahrattas, 1770; by -British, 1791. - -=Kondapalli=, Madras. 17N. 81E. F. c. 1360. Seized by Krishna Deva, c. -1515; by Aurungzebe, 1687; by British, 1766. - -=Konieh=, Asia Minor. 38N. 33E. City in which Paul and Barnabas preached. -Taken by Seljuks 1075; by Frederick Barbarossa, 1190; by Mohammed II., -1466. Mentioned by Xenophon in the 'Anabasis.' - -=Kos=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. Site of famous temple of Æsculapius. Bp. of -Hippocrates, Apelles, Philetas, Ariston. Theocritus also lived here. - -=Kotagherry=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Res. of Sir R. Burton, described in 'Goa -and the Blue Mountains.' - -=Koum=, Persia. 29N. 56E. Celebrated place of pilgrimage and contains -shrine of Fatima, sister of Reza. (See Montesquieu's 'Lettres -Persanes.') - -=Kuldja=, East Turkestan. 44N. 81E. City f. after destruction of Tatar -Kulja, 1865; taken by Russians, 1871; restored to China, 1881. - -=Kumarhatta=, Bengal. 24N. 89E. Bp. of poet Ram Prasad Sen. - -=Kunnoj=, United Provs. 27N. 80E. Contains two Mohammedan mausoleums in -memory of Bala Pir and his son, 1650. King of Kanauj conquered by Sultan -of Delhi, 1193. - - -=Lahore=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. Taken by Mahmoud, 1013, 1021; by Mohammed the -Gouride, 1186; plundered and destroyed by Moguls, 1241; rebuilt, 1269; -conquered by Baber, 1522; by Sikhs, 1758; Sikhs defeated by British, -1846; became incorporated with British Empire, 1849. (See 'Purchas His -Pilgrimes,' Kipling's 'Kim.') - -=Lampsacus=, Asia Minor. 40N. 27E. Ancient centre of worship of Priapus. -Bp. of Charon, Anaximenus, and Metrodorus. - -=Lang-son=, Indo-China. 22N. 107E. Taken by the French under General de -Négrier, 1885. - -=Laswari=, Rajputana. 28N. 77E. Total defeat of Mahrattas by British, -1803. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Latakia=, Syria. 36N. 36E. Scene of Dolabella's last siege, 43 B.C.; -taken by Tancred, 1102; by Saladin, 1188. Experienced severe -earthquakes, 1170, 1287, 1822. (See Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en -Egypte.') - -=Lebanon, Mounts.=, Palestine. 34N. 36E. Mountain range mentioned in the -Bible as famous for cedars. Visited by Lamartine, 1832. (See 'Voyage en -Orient,' Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria -and the Holy Land.') - -=Leh=, Kashmir. 34N. 78E. Contains tomb of Stolitzka, the Austrian -geologist, who died here, 1874. - -=Leiah=, Punjab. 31N. 71E. F. by Kamal Khan, c. 1550; Humayun Shah -captured near here, 1794. - -=Lhasa= ('God's house'), Tibet. 31N. 91E. Sacred city of Lamas, containing -famous statue of Buddha. Forbidden to European explorers, but has been -entered several times. (See Little's 'Far East.') - -=Liao-yang=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. Japanese secured a victory over -Russians, 1904. (See McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') - -=Ligor=, Siam. 8N. 100E. Taken by Burmese, 1760, 1785. - -=Lohogarh=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Mentioned by Ptolemy. Taken by Sivaji, 1648; -by British, 1818. - -=Lonar=, Berar. 20N. 77E. Scene of struggle between Lonasur and an -incarnation of Vishnu. - -=Lucknow=, United Provs. 27N. 81E. Contains mausoleum of Asaf-ud-Daula. -Seized by Humayun, 1526; by Babar, 1528; native insurrection against -British, 1857; recaptured by British, 1858. (See Mrs. F. A. Steel's 'On -the Face of the Waters,' Kipling's 'Kim.') - - -=Macao=, China. 22N. 114E. Portuguese bought right to settle here, 1557; -Chinese barricaded it from rest of island, 1573; occupied by British, -1802, 1808; port declared free, 1846. Camöens res. here in exile, and -wrote part of his 'Lusiad.' - -=Madakasira=, Madras. 14N. 77E. Captured by Mahrattas, 1728; by Hyder Ali, -1762; by Morari Rao, 1764; recaptured by Hyder Ali, 1776. - -=Madras=, Madras. 13N. 80E. British established here, 1639; besieged by -Aurungzebe's general, 1702; by the Mahrattas, 1741; Fort George f. by -Francis Day, 1744; taken by French, 1746; recovered by British, 1748; -San Thomé, Portuguese settlement, f. in 1504, annexed, 1749; -unsuccessfully attacked by French under General Lally, 1758, 1759. -Cathedral of Saint Thomé supposed to contain remains of Saint Thomas. - -=Madura=, Madras, 10N. 78E. Taken by Malik Kafur, 1324; by Nawab of -Carnatic, 1736; held by British for Mohammed Ali, 1764; ceded to -British, 1801. - -=Mahaban=, Bengal. 27N. 78E. Alleged scene of childhood of Krishna. - -=Mahe=, Madras. 12N. 76E. Taken by French, 1722; by British, 1761, 1779, -1793; restored to French, 1815. - -=Malatiyeh=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 38E. Khosros I. defeated by Romans, 577; -taken by Bajazet, 1396; by Tamerlane, 1401. Polyeuctus martyred here; -great massacre of Christians, 1895. (See Corneille's 'Polyeucte.') - -=Mandalay=, Upper Burma. 22N. 96E. F. in 1859; became capital of Burma, -1878; occupied by British, 1885; partially destroyed by fire, 1892. - -=Mandawar=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. Taken by Tamerlane, 1399; plundered by -Amir Khan, 1805. - -=Mangalore=, Madras. 13N. 75E. Visited by Ibn Batatu. Occupied by -Portuguese, 1596; sustained terrible siege against Tippoo Sahib, 1782-3; -taken by British, 1799. - -=Manila=, Luzon. 15N. 121E. Capital of Philippine Islands; f. by Spaniard, -Legazpi, 1571. Plundered by Chinese pirates, 1574; blockaded by Dutch, -1602; taken by British, 1762; Spanish fleet destroyed by Dewey off -coast, 1898. Severe earthquakes, 1675, 1824, 1863. - -=Manissa=, Asiatic Turkey. 39N. 27E. Ancient Magnesia, near which were -supposed to be kingdom of Tantalulus, and scene of Niobe's sorrow. -Antiochus the Great defeated by Romans, 190 B.C.; city occupied by Osman -Turks, 1398. - -=Maraglak=, Persia. 37N. 46E. Contains tomb of Hulaka Khan, and remains of -observatory built by him for the great astronomer, Nasr-ud-din of Tus. - -=Masulipatam=, Madras. 16N. 81E. British settled here, 1611; successfully -stormed by Colonel Forde, 1759. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of -India,' 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') - -=Matsuye=, Japan. 36N. 133E. Former capital of Idzumo, and contains -numerous temples. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan.') - -=Mecca=, Arabia. 21N. 40E. Bp. of Mohammed, c. 570. Contains the Kaaba, -said to be built by Abraham and Ishmael with help from Angel Gabriel. -Taken by Wahabis, 1803, 1807; by Mehemet Ali, 1813. (See Sir R. Burton's -'Wanderings in Three Continents' and 'Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and -Meccah,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Arabia.') - -=Medina= ('the city'), Arabia. 25N. 40E. Sacred city of Islam, whence -Mohammed fled from Mecca, 622; contains tomb supposed to hold remains of -the prophet, his daughter Fatima, Abu Bekr, and Omar. Forbidden city to -all not Mohammedans, but visited by Burckhardt, 1811; Burton, 1852. (See -Sir R. Burton's 'Wanderings in Three Continents' and 'Pilgrimage to -Al-Madinah and Meccah,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Arabia.') - -=Meerut=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. Plundered by Mahmud of Ghazni, 1017; by -Tamerlane, 1399; taken by British, 1803; first outbreak of Indian -Mutiny, 1857. - -=Megiddo=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Ancient city of Syria. Mentioned in Bible -as being fortified by Solomon; refuge of Ahaziah fleeing from Jehu, 843 -B.C.; Necho overcame Josiah, c. 609 B.C. - -=Menderes=, Asia Minor. 38N. 28E. Said to be ancient Scamander, flowing -past Troy, and sung of by Homer. - -=Merta=, Rajputana. 27N. 74E. F. by Duda, c. 1488. Captured by Akbar, -1562. - -=Merv=, Turkestan. 38N. 62E. Colonised by Alexander the Great, occupied by -Arabs, 666; taken by Mongols, 1221; by Bokharians from Persians, 1787; -occupied by Tekke-Turkomans, 1856; under Russian authority, 1884. - -=Meshed=, Persia. 36N. 59E. Contains magnificent mausoleum of Imam Riza -and Caliph Haroun-al-Raschid. - -=Meshed Ali=, Asiatic Turkey. 32N. 44E. Contains tomb of Ali. - -=Miana=, Persia. 37N. 47E. The French traveller, Thévenot, died here, -1667. - -=Miani=, Sind. 26N. 68E. Sir Charles Napier twice defeated Mohammedan -emirs, 1843. - -=Michmash=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Mentioned by Josephus and Eusebius, and -in the Old Testament as the camping-place of the Philistines in the -early part of reign of Saul. - -=Midagesidurga=, Madras. 14N. 77E. Seized by Hyder Ali, 1761; by -Mahrattas, 1767; by Tippoo Sahib, 1774. - -=Miletus=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Cyrus defeated, 548 B.C.; city destroyed -by Persians, 494 B.C. Res. of St. Paul for several days. Bp. of -historians Cadmus and Hecatæus, philosophers Thales, Anaximander, and -Anaximenes; also of poet Timothy, of Aristides, Æschines, and Aspasia. - -=Mionoseki=, Japan. 36N. 132E. Described by Lafcadio Hearn in 'Glimpses of -Unfamiliar Japan.' - -=Mityleni=, Asiatic Turkey. 39N. 27E. Rebellion crushed by Athenians, 428 -B.C.; ceded to Genoese family, 1355; taken by Mohammed II., 1462; -unsuccessful rebellion against Turks, 1468; Venetian naval victories -over Turks, 1690, 1698; Greek victory, 1821. Bp. of Sappho, Alcæus, -Terpander, and Theophrastus; place of retirement of Agrippa. - -=Monghyr=, Bengal. 25N. 86E. Taken by Mohammedans, 1195; became res. of -Todar Mal, 1590; taken by British from Nawab Mir Kasim, 1763. - -=Mosul=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 43E. Taken by Moslems, 636; stormed by -Saladin, 1182; occupied by Persians, 1623; unsuccessfully besieged by -Nadir Shah, 1741. - -=Mukden=, Manchuria. 42N. 124E. Contains relics of Nurhachu, and near town -is his tomb. Boxer outbreak, 1900; in Russo-Japanese War, Russians -defeated and Japanese occupied Mukden, 1905. (See Père Amiot for French -translation of Emperor K'ien Lung's poem 'En Mukden.') - -=Multan=, Punjab. 30N. 71E. Contains tombs of Rukn-i-Alam, Bhawal Hakk and -Shams-i-Tabriz. Mahmud of Ghazni took it, 1005; Ranjit Singh, 1818; -British, in Sikh War, 1849. - -=Murshidabad=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Contains tomb of Jagath Singh. Last -Mohammedan capital of Bengal; plundered by Mahrattas, 1742; entered by -Clive, 1757; Warren Hastings removed civil and criminal courts to -Calcutta, 1772. - -=Muscat=, Arabia. 24N. 59E. Occupied by Albuquerque, 1507; besieged by -Imam of Oman, 1648; Portuguese expelled by Oman, 1650. - -=Mush=, Asiatic Turkey. 39N. 42E. Turks massacred Armenians, 1894. Visited -by Xenophon, and supposed burial-place of Moses of Chorene. - -=Muttra=, United Provs. 27N. 78E. Contains ruins of Jey Singh's -observatory and of Akbar's fort. Supposed bp. of Krishna, whose -childhood was spent here, and Balarama. Pillaged by Mahmud of Ghazni, -1017; taken by British, 1803; Sepoys murdered British officers, 1857. - - -=Nabadwip=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Bp. of Chaitanya, supposed to be incarnation -of Krishna; res. of Nityananda, Vasudeb, and Raghumath. - -=Nabulus=, Palestine. 32N. 33E. On site of ancient Shechem mentioned in -biblical history; later was rebuilt as Neapolis by Vespasian. (See -Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Mark Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Thomson's -'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.') - -=Nagar= ('the city'), Madras. 14N. 75E. Captured by Hyder Ali, 1763; taken -by British, 1783. - -=Nagasaki=, Japan. 33N. 130E. Scene of Pierre Loti's 'Madame -Chrysanthème.' (See also Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea,' Little's 'Far -East.') - -=Nagpur= ('town of serpents'), Central Provs. 21N. 79E. Former capital of -Mahratta principality, crushed by British, 1817. - -=Nain=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Scene of Christ's miracle of raising from the -dead the widow's son. (See Mark Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress.') - -=Najibabad=, United Provs. 30N. 78E. F. by Najib-ud-dowlah, 1755. -Destroyed by Mahrattas, 1772. - -=Nakhitchevan=, Asiatic Russia. 40N. 45E. Said to be oldest city in -world, f. by Noah. Taken by Seljuk Sultan, 1064; ceded to Russia by -Persia, 1828. - -=Nandidrug=, Madras. 13N. 78E. Captured by Lord Cornwallis, 1791. - -=Nan-king= ('southern capital'), China. 32N. 119E. Treaty which ended -Opium War signed, 1842; city taken by Taipings, 1853; by Imperialists, -1864. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Little's 'Far East.') - -=Nannur=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Bp. of Chandidas, the poet. - -=Narnaul=, Punjab. 28N. 76E. Said to have been f. by Rajah Launkarn, and -to be bp. of Sher Shah. - -=Nasik=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. Noted for Lena caves with Buddhistic -sculptures. Here, according to the 'Ramayana,' Ravana carried away Siva, -Rama's wife. - -=Nazareth=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Res. of the Virgin Mary and of Christ; -Church of Annunciation f., c. 1620. Town captured by Moslems, 1291; -Junot vanquished combined army of Turks and Arabs, 1799. (See Kinglake's -'Eothen,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Thomson's 'Land and the -Book.') - -=Negapatam=, Madras. 11N. 80E. Conquered by Dutch, 1660; by British, 1781. -(See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') - -=Nehavend=, Persia. 34N. 48E. Great victory of Saracens which brought -Persia under their sway, 641. - -=Nellore=, Madras. 14N. 80E. Ancient fort of Sinhapur, 'the lion city;' -repulsed British, 1757. - -=Nertchinsk=, Siberia. 52N. 117E. Treaty signed between Russians and -Chinese, 1689. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia.') - -=Nicæa= ('city of victory'), Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. F. by Antigonus, c. 316 -B.C. Taken by Seljuks, 1078; by Crusaders, 1097; by the Osmanlis, 1326. -Bp. of historian Dion Cassius and astronomer Hipparchus. Council met, -325. - -=Nicomedia=, Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 30E. F. by Nicomedes I., 264 B.C.; -contains ruins of which Pliny the Younger boasted. Bp. of Arrian; res. -of Diocletian, and of Constantine who died here; scene of Hannibal's -suicide. - -=Nicosia=, Cyprus. 35N. 33E. Capital of Cyprus since time of Lusignan -kings. Taken by Richard Coeur de Lion, 1191; besieged by Turks, 1570. - -=Nikaria=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 26E. Island near which it is fabled Icarus -met his death. - -=Nikko= ('sun's brightness'), Japan. 37N. 140E. Contains tomb of Iyeyasu, -1617; and that of his grandson, Iyemitsu, slain while visiting tomb of -Iyeyasu, 1650. (See Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.') - -=Nineveh=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 43E. Said to have been f. c. 2680 B.C.; -enlarged by Ninus, 1968 B.C. Conquered by Arbaces, 759 B.C.; by -Nabopolassar, 625 B.C.; destroyed by Medes and Babylonians, c. 607 B.C. -Excavations by Botta, 1842; Layard, 1845; also by Hormuzd Rassam and -George Smith. Tobit said to have died here. (See 'Apocrypha.') - -=Ning-po= ('calm waves'), China. 30N. 121E. Occupied by Portuguese, 1522; -Portuguese massacred, 1545; taken by British, 1842. (See 'Travels of -Marco Polo.') - -=Nishapur=, Persia. 36N. 59E. Famous as bp. of Omar Khayyam, whose tomb is -also here. Res. of Nidhami-i-Arudi. - -=Nisib=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 38E. Turks defeated by Egyptians under -Ibrahim Pasha, 1839. - -=Nisibin=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 41E. Captured by Parthians, 149 B.C.; by -Lucullus, 68 B.C.; by Trajan, 116; by Lucius Verus, 165; given to -Persians by Jovian, 363. - - -=Oki Shima=, Japan. 36N. 133E. An island off the west coast of Houdo, -fully described by Lafcadio Hearn in 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan.' - -=Omsk=, Asiatic Russia. 55N. 74E. Capital of Akmolinsk. (See Fraser's -'Real Siberia.') - -=Ophir, Mount=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 103E. Gold-producing mountain often -identified with the Ophir of the Bible. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') - -=Opon=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 124E. Magellan killed here by natives, -1521. - -=Ormuz=, Persia. 27N. 56E. Visited by Nearchus, 325 B.C. Captured by -Albuquerque, 1507, 1514; by Shah Abbas and British, 1622. (See 'Purchas -His Pilgrimes,' 'Travels of Marco Polo,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages.') - -=Osaka=, Japan. 35N. 136E. F. by Rennio Shonin, 1495; captured by -Hideyoshi, 1580; castle secured by Iyeyasu, 1615; burnt by Tokugawa -retainers, 1868. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Out of the East,' Diosy's 'New -Far East,' Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.') - - -=Padang=, Sumatra. 1S. 100E. First Dutch settlement in Sumatra, 1666; -captured by British, 1781; surrendered to Dutch, 1783; recaptured, 1794; -yielded to Dutch, 1814. - -=Padmanabham=, Madras. 18N. 83E. British defeated and killed Rajah of -Vizianagram, 1794. - -=Pakpatan= ('the holy ferry'), Punjab. 30N. 73E. Contains tomb of saint -Farid-ul-Hakkwa-ud-din. Visited by Ibn Batuta; in subjection to -Tamerlane, 1398. - -=Palakkat=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Fort f. by Hyder Ali taken by British, 1768. - -=Palembang=, Sumatra. 3S. 105E. Visited by Marco Polo, and contains an -alleged tomb of Alexander the Great. Taken by British, 1812; by Dutch, -1821. - -=Palmyra= ('city of palms'), Syria. 34N. 39E. Supposed to have been f. by -Solomon; rebuilt by Hadrian, 130; Queen Zenobia conquered by Aurelian, -273; city taken by Arabs, 634; pillaged by Tamerlane, 1401. (See -Burton's 'Wanderings in Three Continents,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et -en Egypte.') - -=Pandavgarh=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. Seized by Sivaji, 1673; by Aurungzebe, -1701; by British, 1818. - -=Pandharpur=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. Contains famous temple of Vishnu -incarnation. - -=Pandua=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. Bp. of poet Bharat Chandra Rai. Contains tombs -of Jalal-ud-din Tabrizi and of Mir Kutb Alam. - -=Panipat=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. Afghans under Ibrahim Lodi defeated by Mogols -under Baber, 1526; Afghans under Hermu defeated by Akbar, 1556; Ahmed -Shah conquered Mahrattas, 1761. - -=Panjim=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. (See Sir Richard Burton's 'Goa and the Blue -Mountains.') - -=Paphos=, Cyprus. 35N. 32E. Scene of conversion of Sergius Paulus by Saint -Paul. Famous for worship of Aphrodite and scene of story of Pygmalion. - -=Pasargada=, Persia. 30N. 53E. Ancient capital of Persia; said to have -been f. by Cyrus, c. 555 B.C. Alleged tomb of Cyrus in vicinity. - -=Patan=, Baroda. 24N. 72E. F. by Vanarajah, c. 746. Conquered by Mahmoud -of Ghazni, 1024; by Ulugh Khan, 1298. Contains many Jain temples and has -fine collection of Jain MSS. - -=Patna=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. Buddha said to have assisted in foundation of -city; mentioned by Strabo, Pliny, and Arrian; contains shrine of Shah -Arzani. Entered by Clive, 1759; captured by Major Adam, 1761; massacre -of British, 1763; conspiracy of Sepoys, 1857; of Wahabis, 1864. - -=Pegu=, Burma. 18N. 96E. Destroyed by Alompra, 1757; occupied by British, -1852. - -=Peking= ('the northern capital'), China. 40N. 116E. Seized by Ghengis -Khan, 1215; res. of Kubla Khan, 1264; occupied by British and French, -1860; by British and Americans in Boxer rising, 1900. (See Little's 'Far -East.') - -=Penukonda=, Madras. 14N. 78E. Res. of Krishna Deva. Seized by Hyder Ali, -1762. - -=Perambakkam=, Madras. 13N. 80E. Hyder Ali overcame British, 1780. - -=Petra=, Syria. 30N. 36E. Mentioned by Strabo and Pliny, and probably Sela -of the Bible. (See Doughty's 'Travels in Arabia Deserta,' Whittier's -'"The Rock" in El Ghor.') - -=Petropavlovsk=, Kamtchatka. 53N. 159E. French and British allies engaged -in naval battle with Russians under Muravieff, 1854. - -=Phyeng-yang=, Korea. 39N. 126E. Japanese won a victory over Chinese, -1894. (See Diosy's 'New Far East,' McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') - -=Pinjaur=, Punjab. 31N. 77E. Besieged by Patiala, 1769; taken by Bourquin, -1793. - -=Plassy=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. Siraj-ud-Daula suffered great defeat at hands -of Clive, 1757. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Pollanarrua=, Ceylon. 8N. 82E. Capital of Ceylon, 769; taken by Malabars, -c. 1204. - -=Pondicherri=, Madras. 12N. 80E. First French settlement, 1674; taken by -Dutch, 1693; unsuccessfully besieged by Admiral Boscawen, 1748; taken by -Eyre Coote, 1761; restored to French, 1763; recaptured by Sir Hector -Monro, 1778; restored, 1783; retaken by British, 1793; finally restored -to French, 1816. - -=Poona=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. Destroyed by Nizam Ali, 1763; captured by -British, 1818. - -=Port Arthur=, Manchuria. 39N. 121E. Fortified by Chinese, 1891; seized by -Japanese, 1894; leased to Russia, 1898; besieged during Russo-Japanese -War, 1904; surrendered to Japanese, 1905. (See Diosy's 'New Far East.') - -=Porto Novo=, Madras. 11N. 80E. Occupied by Danes and English, 1682; Sir -Eyre Coote defeated Hyder Ali, 1781; ceded to British by Dutch, 1823. -(See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Pratapgarh=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. Res. of Sivaji, and scene of his murder of -Afzal Khan, 1659. - -=Priene=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. One of twelve cities of Ionian League, -supposed to have been f. by Æpytus. Bp. of Bias and Achelaus. - -=Prome=, Burma. 19N. 95E. Captured by British, 1825, 1852; partially -destroyed by fire, 1856. - -=Pulicat=, Madras. 13N. 80E. Occupied by Dutch, 1609; conquered by -British, 1781; ceded to Dutch, 1818; to British, 1825. - -=Punna=, Rajputana. 25N. 80E. Besieged by Sikander Lodi, 1494; taken by -Ram Chandra Deo, 1563. Here Pran Nath is held sacred, and his tomb -exists. - -=Puri=, Bengal. 20N. 86E. Contained Gold Tooth of the Buddha for many -centuries; now famous for the temple of Vishnu in his incarnation of -Juggernaut. - - -=Quilon=, Madras. 9N. 77E. Visited by Marco Polo; Portuguese residents -defeated by Dutch, 1662. - - -=Radhanagar=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Bp. of Ram Mohan Rai, first writer of -Bengali prose. - -=Rahun=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. Believed to have been f. by Rajah Raghab. Taken -by Tara Singh, 1759. - -=Rajgir=, Bengal. 25N. 85E. Visited by Fa Hian and Hiuen Tsiang. -Identified with Rajagriha, res. of Buddha. (See Sir Edwin Arnold's -'Light of Asia.') - -=Rajpur= ('the royal town'), United Provs. 30N. 78E. Scene of story -entitled 'The Potter's Thumb,' by Mrs. Flora Annie Steel. - -=Ramleh=, Syria. 32N. 35E. Visited by W. M. Thomson, and described in 'The -Land and the Book.' (See Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.') - -=Ramnad=, Madras. 9N. 79E. Captured by British, 1772. - -=Ramnagar=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. Besieged by Ranjit Singh, 1795; Lord Gough -defeated Sikhs, 1848. - -=Rangoon= ('the end of the war'), Burma. 17N. 96E. F. as Dagon, c. 588 -B.C.; rebuilt by Alompra, 1755; captured by British, 1824, 1852. (See -Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.') - -=Ranibennur=, Bombay. 15N. 76E. Seized by Colonel Wellesley, 1800; -occupied by British, 1818. - -=Rattihalli=, Bombay. 14N. 76E. Defeat of Hyder Ali by Mahrattas, 1764. - -=Rawal Pindi=, Punjab. 34N. 73E. Scene of surrender of Sikhs after Sir -Hugh Gough's defeat at Gujrat, 1849. - -=Rhodes=, Asia Minor. 36N. 28E. F. in 408 B.C. Citizens massacred by -Cassius, 42 B.C.; held by knights of St. John of Jerusalem, 1309; -besieged by Mohammed II., 1480; taken by Solyman the Magnificent, 1522. -Bp. of Panaetius, Stratocles, Andronicus, Eudemus, Hieronymus, Pisander, -Simmias, and Aristides. Res. of Apollonius Rhodius and Posidionius. (See -Hakluyt's 'Voyages.') - -=Rohanked=, Berar. 21N. 76E. Nasir Khan defeated, 1437; Jamal Khan here -slain in battle, 1590. - -=Rohtak=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. Scene of murder of Kai Khusru, c. 1286; -besieged by Khizr Khan, 1410. - -=Rungpur= ('abode of bliss'), Bengal. 26N. 89E. Alleged res. of Rajah -Bhagadatta. Taken by British, 1765. - - -=Sabraon=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. First Sikh War ended by Sir Hugh Gough's -defeat of Sikhs, 1846. (See Malleson's 'Decisive Battles of India.') - -=Safed=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. Believed by Jews Messiah will make city his -capital. Scene of siege of Holophernes and murder of Judith. Bp. of -Tobias. Castle f. by Christians, 1140; taken by Saladin, 1189; destroyed -by Sultan of Damascus, 1220; rebuilt by Templars, 1240; destroyed by -Bibars of Egypt, 1266. (See Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's -'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte.') - -=Sagandari=, Bengal. 23N. 89E. Bp. of Madhu Sudan Datta, writer of -'Meghanad-Badh' and 'Krishna Kumari.' - -=Saigon=, Cochin-China. 11N. 107E. Captured by French, 1858. (See Little's -'Far East.') - -=St. Thomé=, Madras. 13N. 80E. Suburb of Madras; scene of victory of -French under Paradis over Maphuz Khan, 1746. (See Malleson's 'Decisive -Battles of India.') - -=Salem=, Madras. 12N. 78E. Seized by British, 1768; ceded to British by -treaty of Seringapatam, 1792. - -=Samana=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. Conquered by Mohammed of Ghor, 1192; by Banda -Bairagi, 1708. - -=Samaria=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. F. by Omri, 912 B.C.; captured by Sargon, -722 B.C.; by Alexander the Great, 331 B.C.; by Antiochus the Great, 203 -B.C.; by John Hyrcanus, 120 B.C.; given by Augustus to Herod the Great. - -=Samarkand=, Turkestan. 40N. 67E. Bp. of Nidhami-i-Arudi, author of -'Chahar Maqala.' Ancient city destroyed by Alexander the Great, 329 -B.C.; conquered by Kotaiba ibn Moslim, 711; by Genghis Khan, 1220; by -Amir of Bokhara, 1504; by Russians, 1868. Contains mosque of -Shah-Zindeh, and tomb of Tamerlane. Bp. of Aboul-Mansour-Matoudiri. (See -'Travels of Marco Polo.') - -=Sambhal=, United Provs. 29N. 79E. Bp. of Amir Khan. - -=Samiaveram=, Madras. 11N. 78E. Occupied by Clive, 1752. - -=Samsat=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 39E. Bp. of Bishop Paul of Samosata and of -Lucian. - -=Sana=, Arabia. 15N. 45E. Capital of Yemen, captured by Turks, 1872. - -=San-de-pu=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. Unsuccessfully attacked by Russians -under General Grippenberg, 1904. - -=Sanjan=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. Visited by Polish scholar, Hove, 1787. Taken -by Portuguese, 1534. - -=Sante Bennur=, Madras. 14N. 76E. Taken by Hyder Ali, 1761; by Mahrattas, -1791. - -=Santipur=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. Res. of Chaitanya, and bp. of Adyaita. - -=Sarafand=, Syria. 33N. 35E. Ancient city, known in the Bible as -Zareptath. (See Thomson's 'Land and the Book.') - -=Sardhana=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. Celebrated as res. of Begam Sumru. - -=Sardis=, Asia Minor. 39N. 28E. Occupied by Cyrus, 548 B.C.; burned by -Ionians, c. 409 B.C.; destroyed by Tamerlane, 1402. Mentioned by -Æschylus and Herodotus; res. of Xerxes; contains ruins of temple of -Cybele and tomb of Alyattes. - -=Sasseram= ('one thousand toys'), Bengal. 25N. 84E. Contains tombs of Sher -Shah and his father. - -=Satyamangalam=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Taken by Hyder Ali, 1768; by Tippoo -Sahib, 1790. - -=Savandurga=, Madras. 13N. 77E. Captured by Lord Cornwallis, 1791. - -=Selefke=, Asiatic Turkey. 36N. 34E. F. by Seleucus Nicator; bp. of -Xenarchus. - -=Seleucia Pieria=, Asia Minor. 36N. 36E. F. by Seleucus Nicator; captured -by Ptolemy Euergetes, 246 B.C.; by Antiochus the Great, 219 B.C. - -=Seoul=, Korea. 38N. 127E. Capital of Korea since 1392. Contains fine -temple of Confucius. (See Diosy's 'New Far East,' McKenzie's 'From Tokyo -to Tiflis,' Little's 'Far East.') - -=Sephora=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Mentioned in the Bible; visited by -Lamartine, 1832. - -=Seringapatam= ('city of Vishnu'), Mysore. 12N. 77E. Besieged by Lord -Cornwallis, 1792; taken by British and Tippoo Sahib killed, 1799. -Contains ancient temple of Vishnu, and tombs of Hyder Ali and Tippoo -Sahib. - -=Seroda=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. Res. of Sir R. Burton; described in 'Goa and -the Blue Mountains.' - -=Sha River=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. Russians under General Kuropatkin -conquered by Japanese, 1904. - -=Shahabad=, United Provs. 28N. 80E. F. by Diler Khan, whose tomb is here, -1677; visited by Bishop Heber, 1824. - -=Shang-hai= ('above the sea'), China. 31N. 121E. Taken by Triads, 1853; -occupied by British and French, 1860. (See Little's 'Far East.') - -=Shehr=, Arabia. 15N. 50E. City described in 'Travels of Marco Polo' as -Escier. - -=Shehr-i-Sebz=, Turkestan. 39N. 67E. F. on site of Kesh, bp. of Tamerlane. - -=Shimoga=, Madras. 14N. 76E. Captured by Mahrattas, 1798; destroyed by -Dhundia Wagh, 1799. - -=Shimonosoki=, Japan. 34N. 131E. Bombarded by American, British, Dutch, -and French fleet, 1864; treaty signed here, 1895. (See McKenzie's 'From -Tokyo to Tiflis,' Little's 'Far East.') - -=Shiraz=, Persia. 30N. 53E. F. c. 697; capital of Persia, 1760. Near by -are tombs of Saadi and Hafiz. - -=Shivner=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. Bp. of Sivaji. - -=Sholapur=, Bombay. 18N. 76E. The Baji Rao suffered defeat at hands of -British, 1818. - -=Shwebo=, Upper Burma. 23N. 96E. Bp. of Maung Aung Zeya. - -=Sidon=, Syria. 34N. 35E. Taken by Crusaders, 1110; by Saladin, 1187; -recaptured by Crusaders, 1197; destroyed by Mongols, 1260; captured by -Mussulmans, 1291; bombarded by Napier, 1840; persecution of Christians, -1860. (See Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et -en Egypte.') - -=Sikandarabad=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. F. by Sikandar Lodi, 1498; -suffered during Mutiny, 1857. - -=Sikandra=, United Provs. 27N. 78E. Res. of Sikandar Lodi, and contains -tomb of Akbar. - -=Siloam=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Pool near Jerusalem mentioned in the Bible. -(See Mark Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' Thomson's 'Land and the -Book.') - -=Simla=, Punjab. 31N. 77E. Fashionable health-resort of Europeans in -India, frequently the scene of Kipling's stories, e.g., 'Under the -Deodars,' 'The Phantom 'Rickshaw.' - -=Sinai, Mount=, Arabia Petræa. 28N. 34E. Mentioned in the Bible as the -mountain on which God revealed himself to Moses. (See Flinders Petrie's -'Researches in Sinai,' also 'Purchas His Pilgrimes,' Volney's 'Voyage en -Syrie et en Egypte,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.') - -=Singapore=, Malay Peninsula. 1N. 104E. F. by Sir Stamford Raffles, 1819; -ceded to British by Sultan of Johore, =1824=. (See Kipling's 'From Sea to -Sea.') - -=Singarh= ('lion's fort'), Bombay. 18N. 74E. Taken by Sivaji, 1647; by -Tanaji Malusre, 1670; by British, 1818. - -=Singi=, Bengal. 28N. 81E. Bp. of Kasiram Das, translator into Bengali of -'Mahabharata.' (See R. C. Dutt's 'Lit. of Bengal.') - -=Sinhur=, Rajputana. 23N. 77E. Jaswaut Rao here attacked Captain Jean -Baptiste Filose, 1814. - -=Sinope=, Asia Minor. 42N. 35E. F. by Ionians of Miletus, 630 B.C.; -unsuccessfully attacked by Mithradates IV., 220 B.C.; captured by -Pharnaces, 183 B.C.; by Lucullus, 70 B.C.; fleet and town partially -destroyed by Russians, 1853. Bp. of Diogenes. - -=Sira=, Madras. 14N. 77E. Taken by Mahrattas, 1757; by Hyder Ali; -recaptured by Mahrattas, 1766; by Tippoo Sahib, 1774. - -=Sirhind=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. Sarang Khan overcome by Khizr Khan, 1420; -Bazid Khan killed by Banda Bairagi, 1708. - -=Sivas=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 37E. Destroyed by Tamerlane, 1400. - -=Skutari=, Asia Minor. 41N. 29E. Scene of Florence Nightingale's -activities during Crimean War, 1854-6; destroyed by fire, 1872. - -=Smyrna=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Ancient city celebrated by Pindar, -Aristides, and Himerius, containing famous relics of Homer. Destroyed by -Alyattes, c. 575 B.C.; rebuilt by Antigonus and Lysimachus, but suffered -from earthquake, 179; seized by Turks, 1084; conquered by Aidin, c. -1330; by Tamerlane, 1402. (See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Twain's 'New -Pilgrim's Progress,' Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Montesquieu's -'Lettres Persanes.') - -=Sohar=, Arabia. 24N. 57E. Visited by Marco Polo and Ibn Batatu. Occupied -by Portuguese, 1508. - -=Somnath=, Bombay. 21N. 70E. Pillaged by Mahmud of Ghazni, 1025. Alleged -place in which Krishna died. - -=Sopara=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. Sacred place of Buddha, and mentioned in the -'Mahabharata.' - -=Su-Chau=, China. 31N. 121E. F. c. 500 B.C.; captured by Taiping rebels, -1860; became treaty-port, 1896. - -=Sukkur=, Sind. 28N. 69E. Talpurs defeated by Shah Shuja, 1833; British -possession, 1842. - -=Sur= ('rock'), Palestine. 33N. 35E. Ancient Tyre. Besieged by -Nebuchadnezzar II., 572 B.C.; by Alexander the Great, 332 B.C.; captured -by Crusaders, 1124; destroyed by Malik al-Ashraf, 1291; suffered from -earthquake, 1837. (See Lamartine's 'Voyage en Orient,' Thomson's 'Land -and the Book,' Volney's 'Voyage en Syrie et en Egypte,' Hakluyt's -'Voyages.') - -=Surat=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. Overcome by Akbar, 1572; British settlement, -1612; under British rule, 1800. (See 'Purchas His Pilgrimes.') - -=Susa=, Persia. 32N. 48E. Capital of Elamite kingdom, c. 2280 B.C.; -conquered by Assyrians, 645 B.C. Contains tomb alleged to be of Daniel. - - -=Tabariah=, Syria. 33N. 36E. F. by Herod Antipas, c. 16; Saladin defeated -Christians, 1187; given to France, 1240; taken by Mussulmans, 1247. -Mentioned by Josephus; contains tomb of Arabian philosopher Lokman; -Mishna compiled here, 190, and part of Talmud. (See Burckhardt's -'Travels in Syria and the Holy Land.') - -=Tabor=, Mount, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Scene of assembly of army of Barak -and Deborah against Sisera; alleged scene of Christ's Transfiguration. -Gabinius overcame Jews, 53 B.C.; fortified by Malik-el-Adil, 1212; -French victory over British and Turks, 1799. (See Burckhardt's 'Travels -in Syria and the Holy Land.') - -=Tabreez=, Persia. 38N. 46E. Foundation attributed to Zobeida, wife of -Haroun-al-Raschid, 791. Destroyed by Tamerlane, 1392; taken from Turks -by Nadir Shah, 1730; by Russians, 1827. The Bab here put to death, 1850. - -=Taif=, Arabia. 22N. 41E. Visited by Burckhardt, and described in 'Travels -in Arabia.' - -=Talwaudy=, Punjab. 32N. 75E. Village near Lahore which is bp. of Nanek, -founder of Sikh religion. - -=Tanjore=, Madras. 11N. 79E. Unsuccessfully attacked by Lally, 1758; taken -by British, 1773; under British control, 1799. - -=Tarsus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 35E. Traditionally f. by Sennacherib. -Meeting-place of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, 38 B.C. Contains tomb of -Sardanapalus, and is bp. of St. Paul, Athenodorus, and Hermogenes. - -=Tchesme=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. Turkish fleet defeated by Russian under -Orloff and Elphinstowe, 1770. - -=Teheran=, Persia. 36N. 51E. Treaty signed between British and Persians, -1857. Near city are ruins of Rhages, bp. of Haroun-al-Raschid. - -=Teima=, Arabia. 28N. 39E. The Tema of the Bible. Visited by C. M. -Doughty, and described in 'Travels in Arabia Deserta.' - -=Tekrit=, Asiatic Turkey. 35N. 44E. Bp. of Saladin. - -=Tiberias, Sea of=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. Frequently mentioned in the Bible -as Lake of Galilee or Gennesaret, and by Josephus. Bp. of disciples -Simon, Andrew, James the Great, and John. Visited by Lamartine, 1832. -(See Kinglake's 'Eothen,' Twain's 'New Pilgrim's Progress,' 'Purchas His -Pilgrimes,' Adam Smith's 'Historical Geography of the Holy Land,' -Thomson's 'Land and the Book,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria and the -Holy Land.') - -=Tien-tsin= ('Heaven's ford'), China. 39N. 117E. Besieged by Taiping -rebels, 1853; treaty signed with French and British, 1858; occupied by -French and British, 1860; foreign inhabitants murdered, 1870; res. of Li -Hung-Chang for 20 years, 1874. - -=Tokat=, Asiatic Turkey. 40N. 37E. Severely damaged by earthquake, 1825; -massacre of Armenians, 1895. - -=Tokio=, Japan. 36N. 140E. Seat of government for Tokugawa Ieyasu, 1603; -eastern capital of Japan, 1868; opened to foreign res., 1869. (See -Diosy's 'New Far East,' McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') - -=Tomsk=, Siberia. 56N. 85E. F. in 1604; capital of Tomsk. Contains -university f. in 1888. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia,' Tolstoi's -'Resurrection.') - -=Tortosa=, Syria. 35N. 36E. Ceded to Templars, c. 1161; taken by Saladin, -1188; by Mussulmans, 1291. - -=Tottori=, Japan. 36N. 134E. Visited by Lafcadio Hearn, and described in -'Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan.' - -=Tranquebar=, Madras. 11N. 80E. Bought by Dutch, 1620; taken by British, -1787; sold to British, 1845. - -=Trebizond= ('a table'), Asiatic Turkey. 41N. 40E. F. by Greeks from -Sinope, 700 B.C.; scene of Xenophon's retreat with ten thousand; capital -of empire of Trebizond under Alexius Comnenus, 1204; taken by Mohammed -II., 1461. - -=Trichinopoli=, Madras. 11N. 79E. British possession, 1801. Contains tomb -of Bishop Heber. - -=Trichoor=, Madras. 11N. 76E. Occupied by Hyder Ali, 1776; by Tippoo -Sahib, 1789. - -=Trincomali=, Ceylon. 9N. 81E. Contains ruins of famous Temple of a -Thousand Columns destroyed by Portuguese, 1622. Taken by storm by -British, 1795. - -=Tripoli=, Syria. 34N. 36E. Destroyed by earthquakes, 450, 550; captured -by Saracens, 638; by Crusaders, who destroyed celebrated Arabian -collection of books, 1109; by Egyptians, 1289. (See Volney's 'Voyage en -Syrie et en Egypte,' Hakluyt's 'Voyages,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in Syria -and the Holy Land.') - -=Troy=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. Said to have been f. by Dardanus, walls -built by Apollo and Poseidon; centre of Greek legends. Visited by -Alexander the Great, 334 B.C.; Roman possession, 189 B.C.; destroyed by -Turks, 1306. (See Homer's 'Iliad,' Virgil's 'Æneid,' Tacitus' 'Annals,' -Kinglake's 'Eothen.') - -=Tsing-tao=, China. 36N. 120E. Seized by Germany, 1897. - -=Turkestan=, Asiatic Russia. 44N. 68E. Resort of pilgrims to mosque of -Hazret-Yassavi, built by Tamerlane. Occupied by Russian troops, 1864. - - -=Umarkot=, Sind. 25N. 70E. Alleged to have been f. by Umar. Bp. of Akbar. - -=Ur=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. Contains ruins of temple to moon-god Sin. -Frequently mentioned in Bible, especially as spot from which Abraham's -father moved westward. - -=Ura-tyube=, Russian Turkestan. 41N. 68E. Alleged to have been f. by -Cyrus; captured by Russians, 1866. - -=Urfah=, Asiatic Turkey. 37N. 39E. Captured by Seljuk Turks, 1040; by -Crusaders, 1097; by Mussulmans, 1144. Ancient centre of Syrian learning; -bp. of St. Ephraim Syrus, and said to have been res. of Abraham. - -=Urga=, Mongolia. 48N. 106E. Sacred city of Mongols, and is the seat of -the Kutuktu, deified Lama. Contains famous temple of Maidar. (See -Sheepshanks' 'My Life in Mongolia and Siberia.') - -=Urumiyah=, Persian Armenia. 37N. 45E. Alleged bp. of Zoroaster. - -=Utakamand=, Madras. 11N. 77E. Town in which Sir R. Burton resided, -described in 'Goa and the Blue Mountains.' - -=Utch= ('high place'), Punjab. 29N. 71E. Contains fort built by daughter -of Deo Singh. Captured by Mahmud of Ghazni, 1006. Res. of Persian -historian, Minhaj-ud-din. - - -=Van=, Asiatic Turkey. 38N. 43E. Alleged to have been f. by Semiramis; -rebuilt by Van; by Valarsaces, 149 B.C.; taken by Arabs, c. 640; by -Osmanlis, 1514; by Persians, 1636; by Kurds, 1845. - -=Vellore=, Madras. 13N. 79E. Said to have been f. by Bommi Reddi, c. 1274; -besieged by Mahrattas, 1676; taken by Daud Khan, 1708; Safdar Ali -murdered here by Murtaza Ali, 1742; occupied by British, 1760; by Hyder -Ali, 1780. - -=Vijayanagar= ('city of victory'), Madras. 15N. 76E. F. in 1336; contains -celebrated ruins, and is famous as res. of Sayana, the Vedic -commentator. - -=Vladivostok=, Asiatic Russia. 43N. 132E. Occupied by Russians, 1860; free -port, 1873; capital of Littoral, 1888. (See Fraser's 'Real Siberia,' -Little's 'Far East.') - - -=Wady Hammanah=, Syria. 34N. 36E. Gorge near which Lamartine lived. - -=Wa-fang-kou=, Manchuria. 40N. 122E. Russians under General Stackelberg -conquered by Japanese, 1904. - -=Wakayama=, Japan. 34N. 135E. Contains castle of princes of Kishu, f. -1850, and near by is temple of Kumudera, said to be f. 770. - -=Wandewash=, Madras. 12N. 80E. Lally-Tollendal defeated by Sir Eyre Coote -1760. - -=Wei-hai-wei=, China. 37N. 122E. Great Chinese arsenal established, 1883; -seized by Japanese, 1895; leased to British, 1898. (See Diosy's 'New Far -East.') - -=Wi-ju=, Korea. 40N. 125E. Here Manchus entered Korea, 1627; Japanese -entered Manchuria, 1894, 1904. (See McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') - -=Wu-chang=, China. 30N. 114E. Captured by Taiping rebels, 1853. - - -=Yakutsk=, Eastern Siberia. 62N. 130E. F. by Cossacks, 1632. - -=Yalu=, Korea. 40N. 125E. Japanese under Admiral Ito defeated Chinese -fleet at mouth of Yalu, 1894; passage forced by Japanese during -Russo-Japanese War, 1904. (See McKenzie's 'From Tokyo to Tiflis.') - -=Yamaguchi=, Japan. 34N. 131E. Mission established by St. Francis Xavier, -1550. - -=Yanbo=, Arabia. 24N. 38E. Landing-place for Egyptian pilgrims. (See -Burton's 'Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah and Meccah,' Burckhardt's 'Travels in -Arabia.') - -=Yarkand=, Chinese Turkestan. 38N. 78E. Annexed to Chinese Empire, 1757; -captured by Dungans, 1864; recaptured by Chinese, 1877. (See 'Travels of -Marco Polo.') - -=Yokasuka=, Japan. 35N. 140E. Will Adams, the English pilot, landed here, -1600; tomb in vicinity of town. - -=Yokohama=, Japan. 35N. 140E. Became residential treaty port, 1858; -totally destroyed by fire, 1866. (See Lafcadio Hearn's 'Out of the East' -and 'Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan,' Kipling's 'From Sea to Sea.') - - -=Zebulon=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. Mentioned several times in the Bible; -visited by Lamartine, 1832. - -=Zileh=, Asia Minor. 40N. 36E. Formerly celebrated for worship of Anaitis. -Here Julius Cæsar defeated Pharnaces, and uttered famous words, 'Veni, -vidi, vici.' (See Suetonius' 'De Vita Cæsarum,' I. 37.) - - - - -INDEX - - - - -INDEX - - -LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS - - B. Bay - C. Cape - G. Gulf - Is. Island - L. Lake - Mt. Mountain - Pk. Peak - Pen. Peninsula - Pt. Point - R. River - Str. Strait - Vol. Volcano - -_Those places marked with an asterisk (*) appear also in the Gazetteer_ - - - PAGE -=Abakansk=, Siberia. 54N. 92E., 94 - -=Abarim Mts.=, Palestine. 32N. 36E., 12 - -=Abashiri=, Japan. 43N. 144E., 88 - -=Abazbi=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 72E., 58 - -=Abbottabad=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 73E., 58 - -=Abdon=, Palestine. 33N. 35E., 12 - -=Abel-beth-Maachah=, Pales. 33N. 36E., 12 - -=Abel Shittim=, Palestine. 32N. 36E., 12 - -[*]=Abila=, Palestine. 33N. 36E., 13 - -=Abistadah, Lake=, Afghanistan. 33N. 68E., 58 - -[*]=Abohar=, Punjab. 30N. 74E., 58 - -=Aboo Mt.=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E., 59 - -=Abra River=, Philippine Is. 18N. 120E., 77 - -=Abreojos=, East Indies. 23N. 130E., 75 - -=Abring=, Kashmir. 34N. 77E., 58 - -=Abu Arish=, Arabia. 17N. 43E., 44 - -=Accho=, Palestine. 33N. 35E., 12 - -=Achin Prov.=, East Indies. 5N. 96E., 74 - -=Achzib=, Palestine. 33N. 35E., 12 - -=Actinia Haven=, Siberia. 76N. 98E., 94 - -[*]=Adalia=, Asia Minor. 36N. 31E., 46 - -=Adalia, Gulf of=, Asia Minor. 36N. 31E., 46 - -=Adam's Bridge=, Ceylon. 9N. 80E., 63 - -[*]=Adam's Peak=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E., 63 - -=Adana=, Asia Minor. 37N. 36E., 46 - -[*]=Aden=, Arabia. 13N. 45E., 44 - -=Adi Is.=, East Indies. 5S. 134E., 75 - -=Adipar=, Rajputana. 29N. 74E., 59 - -=Adipur=, Rajputana. 28N. 75E., 59 - -=Adiyaman=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 38E., 47 - -[*]=Adoni=, Madras. 16N. 77E., 62 - -=Adoraim=, Palestine. 32N. 35E., 12 - -=Adullam=, Palestine. 32N. 35E., 12 - -=Aeng Pass=, Burma. 20N. 94E., 67 - -=Afioom=, Asia Minor. 38N. 30E., 46 - -=Agartulla=, Bengal. 24N. 91E., 61 - -=Agincourt Is.=, China. 26N. 122E., 89 - -[*]=Agra=, United Provs. 27N. 78E., 59 - -=Agrigan=, East Indies. 19N. 145E., 75 - -=Agung, Mt.=, Bali. 8S. 116E., 76 - -[*]=Ahmadabad=, Bombay. 23N. 73E., 56 - -[*]=Ahmadnagar=, Bombay. 19N. 75E., 57 - -=Ahmadpur=, Punjab. 29N. 71E., 59 - -=Ahmudpur=, Punjab. 28N. 70E., 59 - -=Ahor=, Persia. 39N. 47 - -=Ahwaz=, Persia. 31N. 49E., 47 - -=Aidin=, Asia Minor. 38N. 28E., 46 - -=Aikawa=, Japan. 38N. 138E., 88 - -=Aintab=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 37E., 46 - -=Ai-shan=, China. 38N. 121E., 83 - -=Aivalik=, Asia Minor. 39N. 27E., 46 - -=Ajalon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E., 12 - -=Ajer Itam Bay=, Borneo. 3S. 111E., 76 - -=Ajigasawa=, Japan. 41N. 140E., 88 - -[*]=Ajmere=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E., 59 - -=Akaba=, Arabia. 30N. 35E., 44 - -=Akanogawa=, Japan. 37N. 139E., 91 - -=Akaoka=, Japan. 34N. 134E., 91 - -=Akaogi=, Japan. 31N. 131E., 89 - -[*]=Akashi=, Japan. 35N. 135E., 91 - -=Akcha=, Afghanistan. 37N. 66E., 45 - -=Ak Dagh=, Asia Minor. 37N. 30E., 46 - -=Ak Dagh=, Asia Minor. 39N. 30E., 46 - -=Akhissar=, Asia Minor. 39N. 28E., 46 - -=Akhlat=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 42E., 47 - -=Aki=, Japan. 35N. 133E., 91 - -=Akita=, Japan. 40N. 140E., 88 - -=Akkeshi=, Japan. 43N. 145E., 88 - -=Akkeshi Bay=, Japan. 43N. 145E., 88 - -=Ako=, Formosa. 22N. 121E., 89 - -=Ako=, Japan. 35N. 134E., 91 - -=Akola=, Berar. 21N. 77E., 60 - -=Akote=, Berar. 21N. 77E., 60 - -=Akserai=, Asia Minor. 38N. 34E., 46 - -=Akshehr=, Asia Minor. 38N. 31E., 46 - -=Aktan=, Asiatic Russia. 48N. 72E., 94 - -=Ak Tepe=, Turkestan. 36N. 62E., 45 - -=Akumi-Shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 27N. 127E., 89 - -=Akune=, Japan. 32N. 130E., 89 - -=Akuseki Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 30N. 130E., 89 - -=Akyab=, Burma. 20N. 93E., 67 - -=Alabat=, Philippine Islands. 14N. 122E., 77 - -=Alacham=, Asia Minor. 42N. 36E., 46 - -=Ala Dagh=, Asia Minor. 40N. 33E., 46 - -=Aladana=, S., N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 72E., 58 - -=Ala Kul=, Asiatic Russia. 46N. 82E., 94 - -=Alamaguan=, East Indies. 18N. 145E., 75 - -=Ala Shan=, Inner Mongolia. 38N. 106E., 82 - -=Alaya=, Asia Minor. 36N. 32E., 46 - -=Alaykan=, Burma. 20N. 95E., 67 - -=Alazeisk Mts.=, Siberia. 67N. 150E., 95 - -=Alazeisk River=, Siberia. 71N. 154E., 95 - -=Albay=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 124E., 77 - -=Albistan=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 37E., 46 - -=Aldan, River=, Siberia. 60N. 135E. 95 - -=Aldansk=, Siberia. 62N. 134E. 95 - -[*]=Aleppo=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 37E. 46 - -=Aleppy=, Madras. 10N. 76E. 63 - -=Alexandretta=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 36E. 46 - -=Alfonso XII.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 121E. 77 - -=Alibagh=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -[*]=Aligarh=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. 59 - -=Ali Khel=, Afghanistan. 34N. 70E. 58 - -=Alingar River=, Afghanistan. 35N. 70E. 58 - -=Aliwal=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. 58 - -=Allahabad=, N.W. Provs. 26N. 82E. 60 - -=Allahabad=, Punjab. 29N. 71E. 59 - -[*]=Allahabad=, United Provs. 25N. 82E. 60 - -[*]=Allah Shehr=, Asia Minor. 38N. 29E. 46 - -=Allanmyo=, Burma. 19N. 95E. 67 - -=Allas Strait=, East Indies. 9S. 116E. 74 - -=Almora=, United Provs. 30N. 80E. 60 - -=Alon=, Burma. 22N. 95E. 67 - -=Alor Star=, Malay Pen. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Alupu Cape=, Asia Minor. 36N. 28E. 46 - -=Alutgama=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. 63 - -=Alwar=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -=Alwye River=, Madras. 10N. 76E. 63 - -=Amadnagar=, Bombay. 24N. 73E. 56 - -=Amaga, River=, Siberia. 62N. 134E. 95 - -=Amakusa Nada=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -=Amakusashima=, Japan. 32N. 130E. 89 - -=Amallapuram=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Amalner=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. 56 - -=Amamioshima=, Lu-Chu Is. 29N. 129E. 89 - -[*]=Amarapura=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Amarpur=, Nepal. 27N. 87E. 61 - -[*]=Amasia=, Asia Minor. 41N. 36E. 46 - -=Amathus=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 13 - -=Ambala=, Punjab. 30N. 77E. 58 - -=Ambgaon=, Central Provs. 20N. 80E. 60 - -=Ambir=, Rajputana. 27N. 76E. 59 - -=Amblan=, Philippine Islands. 9N. 123E. 77 - -=Amboina=, East Indies. 4S. 128E. 75 - -=Amherst=, Burma. 16N. 98E. 67 - -=Amjerah=, Central India. 23N. 75E. 56 - -=Ammon=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Amoy=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Ampani=, Madras. 20N. 83E. 62 - -=Ampenam=, East Indies. 8S. 116E. 74 - -=Amraoti=, Berar. 21N. 78E. 60 - -=Amreeli=, Bombay. 22N. 71E. 56 - -[*]=Amritsar=, Punjab. 32N. 75E. 58 - -[*]=Amroha=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. 60 - -=Amur=, Siberia. 52N. 132E. 95 - -=Amurang=, East Indies. 1N. 124E. 75 - -=Amur, Gulf of=, Siberia. 54N. 142E. 95 - -=Amur, River=, Siberia. 53N. 141E. 95 - -=Anadirsk=, Siberia. 65N. 168E. 95 - -=Anadyr=, Siberia. 67N. 176E. 95 - -=Anadyr, Gulf of=, Siberia. 64N. 176W. 95 - -=Anadyr, River=, Siberia. 65N. 176W. 95 - -=Anah=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 42E. 47 - -=Anakara Chattram=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Anakkangean Is.=, E. Indies. 7S. 116E. 76 - -=Anamalli Mt.=, Madras. 10N. 77E. 63 - -=Anamba Is.=, East Indies. 3N. 106E. 74 - -=Anambar=, Baluchistan. 30N. 69E. 58 - -=Anamur Cape=, Asia Minor. 36N. 33E. 46 - -=Anand=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -[*]=Anantapur=, Madras. 15N. 78E. 62 - -=Anaphi=, Asia Minor. 36N. 26E. 46 - -=Anatayan=, East Indies. 16N. 145E. 75 - -=Anathoth=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Anatolia=, Asia Minor. 39N. 29E. 46 - -=Anchorite Is.=, East Indies. 0. 145E. 75 - -=Andidshan=, Turkestan. 41N. 72E. 45 - -=Andjar=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. 56 - -=Andkhui=, Afghanistan. 37N. 65E. 45 - -=An-dong=, Korea. 36N. 128E. 90 - -=Andrene=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 37E. 46 - -[*]=Aneysa=, Arabia. 26N. 45E. 44 - -=Angara, River=, Siberia. 56N. 110E. 94 - -=Ang Bay=, Indo-China. 18N. 106E. 70 - -=Anger=, Java. 6S. 106E. 76 - -=Angirtu Nor=, Mongolia. 43N. 115E. 83 - -[*]=Angkor=, Indo-China. 13N. 104E. 71 - -[*]=Angora=, Asia Minor. 40N. 33E. 46 - -=Angora, River=, Siberia. 56N. 103E. 94 - -=Angul=, Bengal. 21N. 85E. 60 - -=Anguli Nor=, China. 42N. 115E. 83 - -[*]=Anjengo=, Madras. 9N. 77E. 63 - -=Anjer=, East Indies. 6S. 106E. 74 - -=An-ju=, Korea. 40N. 126E. 90 - -=Ankkswar=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Ankola=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Ankula=, Siberia. 62N. 109E. 94 - -=An-min-do=, Korea. 36N. 126E. 90 - -=Annam=, Indo-China. 17N. 107E. 71 - -=Annie Florence Reef=, E. Indies. 5S. 113E. 76 - -=Anopgarh=, Rajputana. 29N. 73E. 59 - -=Anor Aeng=, Burma. 20N. 94E. 67 - -=An-ping=, Formosa. 23N. 120E. 89 - -=An-shan-chan=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. 90 - -=Anson=, East Indies. 13N. 141E. 75 - -=Antakia=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 36E. 46 - -[*]=Antioch=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 36E. 46 - -=Antipatris=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Anti Taurus=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 37E. 46 - -[*]=An-tung=, Manchuria. 40N. 125E. 90 - -=Anuradhapura=, Ceylon. 8N. 80E. 63 - -=Aomori=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Aparri=, Philippine Islands. 18N. 122E. 77 - -=Aphek=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Apollonia=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Apo Vol=, Philippine Islands. 7N. 125E. 77 - -=Arab=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Arabi=, Turkey in Asia. 32N. 45E. 47 - -=Arabkir=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 39E. 47 - -=Arad=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Arafura Sea=, East Indies. 10S. 135E. 75 - -=Arai=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Arakan Hill Tracts=, Burma. 21N. 93E. 67 - -=Arakan Yoma Mts.=, Burma. 21N. 94E. 67 - -[*]=Arantangi=, Madras. 10N. 79E. 63 - -=Ararat, Mt.=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 44E. 47 - -=Aras River=, Persia. 40N. 48E. 47 - -=Aravalli Mts.=, Rajputana. 26N. 74E. 59 - -=Arconum=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -[*]=Arcot=, Madras. 13N. 79E. 63 - -=Ardabil=, Persia. 38N. 48E. 47 - -=Ardilan=, Persia. 36N. 47 - -=Ardinga=, Madras. 16N. 80E. 62 - -=Arends Is.=, East Indies. 5S. 115E. 76 - -=Argaeus Mount=, Asia Minor. 38N. 35E. 46 - -=Argun, River=, Siberia. 53N. 121E. 95 - -=Ariakeno-ura=, Japan. 31N. 131E. 89 - -=Arimathea=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Aripo=, Ceylon. 9N. 80E. 63 - -=Arjesh=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 43E. 47 - -=Armenia=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 42E. 47 - -=Aroer=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Arrah=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. 60 - -=Arrank=, Siam. 13N. 103E. 71 - -=Arrogant Reef=, E. Indies. 5S. 113E. 76 - -=Aru Island=, East Indies. 6S. 135E. 75 - -=Arut, River=, Borneo. 3S. 111E. 76 - -=Arwapalli=, Haidarabad. 17N. 79E. 62 - -=Asakusa Ya=, Japan. 37N. 139E. 91 - -=Asama Ya=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Ascalon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Ashan=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 108E. 82 - -[*]=Ashdod=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Ashe-ho=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. 90 - -=Asher=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Asheri=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. 57 - -=Ashtagram=, Mysore. 13N. 76E. 63 - -=Ashtaroth=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Asir=, Arabia. 20N. 43E. 44 - -=Aska=, Madras. 20N. 85E. 62 - -=Askabad=, Turkestan. 37N. 58E. 45 - -[*]=Askelon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Asoh, Bay=, Malay Pen. 3N. 103E. 69 - -[*]=Assaye=, Haidarabad. 20N. 76E. 62 - -=Astara=, Persia. 39N. 49E. 47 - -=Astor=, Kashmir. 35N. 75E. 58 - -=Astrabad=, Persia. 37N. 55E. 45 - -=Astropalia=, Asia Minor. 36N. 27E. 46 - -=Asuncion=, East Indies. 20N. 145E. 75 - -=Atbasarsk=, Asiatic Russia. 52N. 68E. 94 - -=Atgyn-aila=, Mongolia. 43N. 116E. 83 - -[*]=Athni=, Bombay. 17N. 75E. 57 - -=Atrek River=, Persia. 37N. 54E. 45 - -=Atsuta=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -[*]=Attock=, Punjab. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Atto-pen=, Indo-China. 15N. 107E. 70 - -=Atur=, Madras. 12N. 79E. 63 - -=Auckland, Mount=, Korea. 33N. 127E. 90 - -=Aurora Bk.=, East Indies. 5S. 117E. 76 - -=Aurangabad=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. 62 - -[*]=Aurungabad=, Bengal. 26N. 90E. 61 - -=Ausa=, Haidarabad. 18N. 76E. 62 - -=Auwuradah=, Madras. 18N. 83E. 62 - -[*]=Ava=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Ava=, Persia. 36N. 49E. 47 - -=Avanashi=, Madras. 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Avid River=, East Indies. 7S. 144E. 75 - -=Awa=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Awa=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Awah=, Persia. 35N. 50E. 47 - -=Awaji Sa.=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Awoshima Island=, Japan. 38N. 139E. 88 - -=Ayabe=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -[*]=Ayuthia=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Azamgurh=, United Provs. 26N. 83E. 60 - -=Azekah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Azerbijan=, Persia. 38N. 46E. 47 - -=Aziz=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 38E. 47 - -=Azotus=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - - -=Baal Hazor=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Baal-meon=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Ba-an-susu=, Manchuria. 46N. 130E. 90 - -=Baba=, East Indies. 7S. 130E. 75 - -=Bab-el-Mandeb, Strait of=, Arabia. 13N. 43E. 44 - -=Babelthuap=, East Indies. 8N. 135E. 75 - -=Baburgan Claro=, Philippine Is. 20N. 122E. 77 - -=Baburgan Is.=, Philippine Is. 19N. 122E. 77 - -=Babuyanes Is.=, East Indies. 20N. 121E. 74 - -[*]=Babylon=, Turkey in Asia. 33N. 45E. 47 - -=Bachian=, East Indies. 1S. 126E. 75 - -=Bac-lieu=, Indo-China. 9N. 106E. 71 - -=Bacninh=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Bacolor=, Philippine Islands. 15N. 121E. 77 - -=Bacolot=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 123E. 77 - -=Bactrang=, Indo-China. 10N. 106E. 71 - -=Badakhshan=, Afghanistan. 37N. 70E. 45 - -=Badina=, Rajputana. 28N. 74E. 59 - -=Badjistan=, Persia. 34N. 59E. 45 - -=Badmur=, Central Provs. 22N. 78E. 60 - -[*]=Badnera=, Berar. 21N. 78E. 60 - -=Badwelu=, Madras. 15N. 79E. 62 - -=Bafira=, Asia Minor. 41N. 36E. 46 - -=Bagan=, Sumatra. 2N. 100E. 69 - -=Bagan Api Api=, Sumatra. 2N. 101E. 69 - -=Baganga=, Philippine Islands. 7N. 127E. 77 - -=Bagh=, Baluchistan. 29N. 68E. 59 - -[*]=Baghdad=, Turkey in Asia. 33N. 44E. 47 - -=Bagu=, Rajputana. 27N. 73E. 59 - -=Bahawalpur=, Punjab. 29N. 72E. 59 - -[*]=Bahera=, Punjab. 33N. 73E. 58 - -[*]=Bahraich=, United Provs. 28N. 82E. 60 - -=Bahranghat=, United Provs. 27N. 82E. 60 - -=Bahrein Island=, Arabia. 26N. 51E. 45 - -=Bahr el Benat Is.=, Arabia. 25N. 53E. 45 - -=Baiburt=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 40E. 47 - -=Baik Peninsula=, East Indies. 4S. 133E. 75 - -=Baikal, Lake=, Siberia. 54N. 108E. 94 - -=Baikal Mts.=, Siberia. 53N. 108E. 94 - -=Bain-tuchum=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 105E. 82 - -=Bairag=, Bengal. 27N. 85E. 60 - -=Baithulwaddi=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. 62 - -=Bakargang=, Bengal. 22N. 90E. 61 - -=Bakau Mt.=, Malay Pen. 4N. 103E. 68 - -=Bake, Cape=, Indo-China. 11N. 108E. 71 - -=Bakhasar=, Sind. 25N. 71E. 59 - -=Bakhta River=, Siberia. 63N. 89E. 94 - -=Balabac=, Philippine Islands. 8N. 117E. 77 - -=Balabac Is.=, Philippine Is. 8N. 117E. 77 - -=Balabac Strait, N.=, Philippine Is. 8N. 117E. 77 - -=Balagansk=, Siberia. 55N. 103E. 94 - -=Balaghat=, Central Provs. 22N. 80E. 60 - -=Bala Murghab=, Afghanistan. 36N. 63E. 45 - -=Balanga=, Philippine Is. 15N. 120E. 77 - -=Balangiungui=, Philippine Is. 6N. 122E. 77 - -=Balante=, East Indies. 1S. 124E. 75 - -=Balasinur=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -=Balasor=, Bengal. 22N. 87E. 61 - -=Balayan=, Philippine Islands. 14N. 121E. 77 - -=Baler=, Philippine Islands. 16N. 122E. 77 - -=Balfrush=, Persia. 36N. 53E. 45 - -=Bali=, East Indies. 9S. 115E. 74 - -=Baliari=, Sind. 24N. 70E. 59 - -=Balikesri=, Asia Minor. 40N. 28E. 46 - -=Baling=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 101E. 68 - -=Balipara=, Assam. 27N. 93E. 67 - -=Balipura=, Assam. 27N. 93E. 61 - -=Bali Strait=, Java. 8S. 114E. 76 - -=Balkash, Lake=, As. Russia. 46N. 75E. 94 - -[*]=Balkh=, Afghanistan. 37N. 67E. 45 - -=Balkondah=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. 62 - -=Ballia=, United Provs. 26N. 84E. 60 - -=Balloah=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. 61 - -=Balotra=, Rajputana. 26N. 72E. 59 - -=Baltistan=, Kashmir. 35N. 76E. 58 - -=Balut=, Philippine Islands. 5N. 125E. 77 - -=Bam=, Persia. 29N. 58E. 45 - -=Bamanwas=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -=Bami=, Turkestan. 38N. 56E. 45 - -=Bampton Reef=, E. Indies. 5S. 115E. 76 - -=Bampur=, Persia. 27N. 60E. 45 - -=Ban=, Malay Peninsula. 10N. 99E. 71 - -=Banaganapalli=, Madras. 15N. 78E. 62 - -=Banam=, Indo-China. 12N. 105E. 71 - -=Banas River=, Rajputana. 26N. 77E. 59 - -=Ban-buri=, Indo-China. 13N. 103E. 71 - -=Banchar=, Java. 7S. 112E. 76 - -=Banda=, N.W. Provinces. 26N. 80E. 60 - -=Banda Island=, East Indies. 5S. 128E. 75 - -=Banda Sea=, East Indies. 5S. 126E. 75 - -=Bandai San=, Japan. 38N. 140E. 91 - -=Bandar=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 101E. 69 - -=Bandarawela=, Ceylon. 7N. 81E. 63 - -=Bandar Maharami=, Malay Pen. 2N. 103E. 69 - -[*]=Bander Abbas=, Persia. 27N. 56E. 45 - -=Bandikui=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -=Bandon=, Malay Peninsula. 9N. 100E. 71 - -=Bandon Bight=, Malay Pen. 9N. 77E. 71 - -=Bandra Las=, Sind. 24N. 70E. 59 - -=Bandung=, Java. 7S. 108E. 76 - -[*]=Bangalore=, Mysore. 13N. 78E. 63 - -=Bangaya Is.=, East Indies. 2S. 122E. 74 - -=Bangkalan=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Bangkalis=, East Indies. 2N. 102E. 74 - -[*]=Bangkok=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Bang-pa-kong=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Bang-pla-soi=, Siam. 13N. 101E. 71 - -=Bang-pra=, Siam. 13N. 101E. 71 - -=Bangsdara River=, Madras. 18N. 84E. 62 - -=Bang-son=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Bang Tapan=, Malay Pen. 11N. 100E. 71 - -=Banjermassin=, East Indies. 4S. 115E. 74 - -=Banjumas=, Java. 8S. 109E. 76 - -=Banjuwangi=, Java. 8S. 114E. 76 - -=Banka Island=, East Indies. 3S. 106E. 74 - -=Banki=, Bengal. 20N. 86E. 60 - -=Bankot=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. 57 - -=Bankura=, Bengal. 23N. 87E. 61 - -=Ban-muk=, Siam. 16N. 105E. 70 - -=Bannu=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Ban-pao=, Siam. 16N. 100E. 70 - -=Bansda=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -[*]=Bantam=, Java. 6S. 106E. 76 - -=Bantam, Cape=, Indo-China. 16N. 109E. 70 - -=Banton=, Philippine Is. 13N. 122E. 77 - -=Bantwal=, Madras. 13N. 75E. 63 - -=Banyumas=, East Indies. 7S. 109E. 74 - -=Banyuwangi=, East Indies. 8S. 114E. 74 - -=Baotsir=, Rajputana. 29N. 75E. 59 - -=Bap=, Rajputana. 27N. 72E. 59 - -=Bap-nom=, Indo-China. 11N. 105E. 71 - -=Baquba=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 45E. 47 - -=Baragua Point=, Burma. 16N. 95E. 67 - -=Barak River=, Assam. 25N. 92E. 61 - -=Barakar=, Bengal. 24N. 87E. 61 - -=Baran=, Rajputana. 25N. 76E. 59 - -[*]=Bardwan=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. 61 - -[*]=Bareilly=, United Provs. 28N. 79E. 60 - -=Barguzinsk=, Siberia. 54N. 110E. 94 - -=Baria=, Indo-China. 10N. 107E. 71 - -=Bari Doab Canal=, Punjab. 31N. 74E. 58 - -=Barin=, Mongolia. 43N. 118E. 83 - -=Barisal=, Bengal. 23N. 90E. 61 - -=Barito River=, East Indies. 2S. 115E. 74 - -=Barkur=, Madras. 14N. 75E. 63 - -=Barmer=, Rajputana. 26N. 71E. 59 - -=Barnaul=, Siberia. 54N. 83E. 94 - -[*]=Baroda=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Barongan=, Philippine Is. 12N. 125E. 77 - -[*]=Barrackpur=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. 61 - -=Barren Island=, Korea. 35N. 126E. 90 - -=Barsi=, Bombay. 18N. 76E. 57 - -=Bartan=, Asia Minor. 42N. 32E. 46 - -=Barung Island=, Java. 8S. 113E. 76 - -[*]=Barwani=, Central India. 22N. 75E. 56 - -=Bashi Channel=, East Indies. 21N. 123E. 74 - -=Bashi Island=, East Indies. 20N. 121E. 74 - -=Basilan=, Philippine Islands. 6N. 122E. 77 - -=Basilan Is.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 122E. 77 - -=Basilan Str.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 122E. 77 - -=Basim=, Berar. 20N. 77E. 57 - -=Bassak=, Indo-China. 15N. 106E. 71 - -[*]=Bassein=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=Bassein=, Burma. 17N. 95E. 67 - -=Bassein River=, Burma. 16N. 94E. 67 - -=Basses, Great=, Ceylon. 6N. 81E. 63 - -=Basses, Little=, Ceylon. 6N. 82E. 63 - -=Bassia=, Bengal. 23N. 85E. 60 - -=Basta=, Turkey in Asia. 31N. 48E. 47 - -=Bastar=, Central Provs. 19N. 81E. 60 - -=Basti=, United Provinces. 27N. 83E. 60 - -=Bastion, Cape=, China. 18N. 110E. 84 - -=Batag=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 125E. 77 - -[*]=Batala=, Punjab. 32N. 75E. 58 - -=Batam Is.=, Str. of Singapore. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Batangan, Cape=, Indo-China. 15N. 109E. 70 - -=Batangas=, Philippine Is. 14N. 121E. 77 - -[*]=Batavia=, Java. 6S. 107E. 76 - -=Bathinda=, Punjab. 30N. 75E. 58 - -=Batil Mt.=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 103E. 68 - -=Battambang=, Indo-China. 13N. 103E. 71 - -=Batticalva=, Ceylon. 8N. 82E. 63 - -=Batu=, East Indies. 4N. 96E. 74 - -=Batu Bar=, Malay Pen. 3N. 103E. 69 - -=Batu Island=, East Indies. 0. 98E. 74 - -=Batu Pahat=, Malay Pen. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Batur, Mount=, Bali. 8S. 116E. 76 - -=Baun River=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -=Bawean Is.=, East Indies. 6S. 113E. 76 - -=Bay Lake=, Philippine Is. 14N. 121E. 77 - -=Bayan Aulsk=, As. Russia. 51N. 76E. 94 - -=Bayan-Mu=, Manchuria. 46N. 128E. 90 - -=Bayan-su-su=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. 90 - -=Bayard, Fort=, China. 21N. 110E. 84 - -=Bayas=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 36E. 46 - -[*]=Bayazid=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 44E. 47 - -=Bear Island=, Siberia. 71N. 164E. 95 - -=Beawar=, Rajputana. 26N. 74E. 59 - -=Beayan=, Philippine Islands. 7N. 124E. 77 - -=Beeroth=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Beer-Sheba=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Begum=, Rajputana. 25N. 75E. 59 - -[*]=Behar=, Bengal. 25N. 86E. 60 - -=Behesni=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 38E. 47 - -=Bei D.=, Asia Minor. 36N. 31E. 46 - -=Beibasar=, Asia Minor. 40N. 32E. 46 - -=Beishehr=, Asia Minor. 38N. 32E. 46 - -=Beitarki River=, Bengal. 21N. 87E. 61 - -=Beji River=, Baluchistan. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Bekal=, Madras. 12N. 75E. 63 - -=Bekok=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 103E. 69 - -[*]=Bela=, Baluchistan. 26N. 66E. 45 - -[*]=Belgaum=, Bombay. 16N. 75E. 57 - -[*]=Bellary=, Madras. 15N. 77E. 62 - -=Belloor=, Mysore. 13N. 77E. 63 - -[*]=Benares=, N.W. Provinces. 25N. 83E. 60 - -=Bendamurlanka=, Madras. 16N. 82E. 62 - -=Bengal, Bay of=, Bengal. 18N. 90E. 67 - -[*]=Bencoolen=, East Indies. 4S. 102E. 74 - -=Bengawanior=, Java. 7S. 112E. 76 - -=Bengkalis=, Malacca Strait. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Beni=, Rajputana. 29N. 75E. 59 - -=Bennet Land=, Siberia. 76N. 148E. 95 - -=Bentinck Island=, Burma. 12N. 98E. 71 - -=Bentong River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Bera River=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Berba River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 103E. 69 - -=Berembun=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 103E. 69 - -[*]=Berezov=, Siberia. 64N. 65E. 94 - -[*]=Berghama=, Asia Minor. 39N. 27E. 46 - -[*]=Berhampur=, Madras. 19N. 85E. 62 - -=Bering Strait=, Siberia. 68N. 172W. 95 - -=Berlin Harbour=, East Indies. 3S. 142E. 75 - -=Bernam River=, Malay Pen. 4N. 101E. 69 - -=Beru=, Rajputana. 27N. 72E. 59 - -=Besar=, Bawean. 6S. 113E. 76 - -=Besar Mt.=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Besuki=, Java. 8S. 114E. 76 - -=Besut, River=, Malay Pen. 6N. 103E. 68 - -=Bethabara=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -[*]=Bethany=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Beth-arbel=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Beth Dagon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Bethel=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Beth Haran=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Beth-horon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Beth Jeshimoth=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Bethlehem=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Bethlehem=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Beth-Nimrah=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Bethsaida=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Bethshan=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Beth Shemesh=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Beth Tappuah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Bethzur=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Betowa R.=, Central India. 26N. 80E. 60 - -=Bettia=, Bengal. 27N. 84E. 60 - -=Betul=, Central Provinces. 22N. 78E. 60 - -=Beypoor River=, Madras. 11N. 76E. 63 - -=Beypur=, Madras. 11N. 76E. 63 - -=Beyt=, Bombay. 22N. 69E. 56 - -=Bezek=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Bezwada=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Bhadar=, Bombay. 22N. 70E. 56 - -=Bhadarwa=, Kashmir. 33N. 76E. 58 - -=Bhadrachalam=, Madras. 18N. 81E. 62 - -[*]=Bhagalpur=, Bengal. 25N. 87E. 61 - -=Bhakar=, Punjab. 32N. 71E. 58 - -=Bhamo=, Burma. 24N. 97E. 67 - -=Bhandara=, Central Provs. 21N. 80E. 60 - -[*]=Bhartpur=, Rajputana. 27N. 78E. 59 - -[*]=Bhatner=, Punjab. 30N. 74E. 58 - -=Bhawalgarh=, Punjab. 30N. 73E. 58 - -=Bhawani River=, Madras. 12N. 78E. 63 - -[*]=Bhilsa=, Rajputana. 24N. 78E. 60 - -=Bhima River=, Haidarabad. 16N. 77E. 62 - -=Bhind River=, United Provs. 26N. 79E. 60 - -=Bhir=, Haidarabad. 19N. 76E. 62 - -=Bhiwani=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. 59 - -=Bhopal=, Central India. 23N. 78E. 60 - -=Bhor=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. 57 - -=Bhor Ghat=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -[*]=Bhuj=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. 56 - -=Bhusawal=, Bombay. 21N. 76E. 56 - -=Biak=, East Indies. 1S. 136E. 75 - -=Bias= Bay, China. 22N. 115E. 85 - -=Bias River=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. 58 - -=Bichiu=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -[*]=Bidar=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Bien Ho=, Indo-China. 13N. 104E. 71 - -=Bien-hoa=, Indo-China. 11N. 107E. 71 - -=Bien-son Is.=, Indo-China. 19N. 106E. 70 - -=Bigha=, Asia Minor. 40N. 27E. 46 - -=Bihac=, Punjab. 30N. 74E. 58 - -[*]=Bijapur=, Bombay. 17N. 76E. 57 - -=Bijapur=, Nepal. 27N. 88E. 61 - -=Bijnaur=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. 60 - -=Bijowar=, Central India. 24N. 79E. 60 - -=Bikampur=, Rajputana. 28N. 72E. 59 - -=Bikaner=, Rajputana. 28N. 73E. 59 - -=Bikna Thori=, United Provs. 28N. 84E. 60 - -=Bila River=, Sumatra. 2N. 100E. 69 - -=Bilaspur=, Central Provs. 22N. 82E. 60 - -=Bilgi=, Bombay. 14N. 75E. 57 - -=Bilin=, Burma. 17N. 97E. 67 - -=Billiton=, East Indies. 3S. 107E. 74 - -=Bimi=, East Indies. 8S. 119E. 74 - -[*]=Bimlipatam=, Madras. 18N. 83E. 62 - -=Bingat=, East Indies. 1S. 102E. 74 - -=Bingo=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Bingol Dagh=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 42E. 47 - -=Binh-dinh=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Binh Thuan=, Indo-China. 11N. 109E. 71 - -=Bintula=, East Indies. 3N. 113E. 74 - -=Bink-kang Bay=, Indo-China. 12N. 109E. 71 - -=Bintang Is.=, Str. of Singapore. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Bird Island=, East Indies. 16N. 145E. 75 - -=Birejik=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 38E. 47 - -=Birjand=, Persia. 33N. 59E. 45 - -=Birsilpur=, Rajputana. 28N. 72E. 59 - -=Biru=, Japan. 42N. 143E. 88 - -=Birur=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. 63 - -=Birwi=, Rajputana. 28N. 74E. 59 - -=Bisa=, Burma. 27N. 96E. 67 - -=Bisalnagar=, Bombay. 24N. 73E. 56 - -=Bishnapur=, Bengal. 23N. 87E. 61 - -=Bislig=, Philippine Islands. 8N. 126E. 77 - -=Bismarck Archipelago=, East Indies. 3S. 148E. 75 - -[*]=Bitlis=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 42E. 47 - -=Bitul River=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Biwa Ko=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Bizen=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Black Mts.=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 73E. 58 - -=Black River=, Indo-China. 21N. 105E. 70 - -=Black Sea.= 43N. 31E. 46 - -=Blagovehansk=, Siberia. 50N. 127E. 95 - -=Blambangan Pen.=, Java. 9S. 114E. 76 - -=Blimbing Mountains, Malay Pen.= 5N. 102E. 68 - -=Blitar=, Java. 8S. 112E. 76 - -=Blonde Island=, Manchuria. 39N. 123E. 90 - -=Blora=, Java. 7S. 111E. 76 - -=Blue Mountains=, Assam. 23N. 93E. 67 - -=Bluff Point=, Burma. 18N. 94E. 67 - -=Blumut, Great=, Malay Pen. 2N. 104E. 69 - -=Boa-lam=, China. 22N. 107E. 84 - -=Boath=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. 62 - -=Bod=, Bengal. 21N. 84E. 60 - -[*]=Bodinayakkanur=, Madras. 10N. 77E. 63 - -=Bodune=, Manchuria. 45N. 125E. 90 - -=Boelang Besar=, Malacca Str. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Bogeador C.=, Philippine Is. 18N. 121E. 77 - -=Bogra=, Bengal. 25N. 89E. 61 - -=Boguchansk=, Siberia. 58N. 98E. 94 - -=Bohol=, Philippine Islands. 10N. 124E. 77 - -=Bokan=, Afghanistan. 34N. 68E. 58 - -[*]=Bokhara=, Bokhara. 40N. 65E. 45 - -=Bokie=, Burma. 22N. 93E. 67 - -=Bojeador C.=, East Indies. 19N. 120E. 74 - -=Bolan Junction=, Baluchistan. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Bolan Pass=, Baluchistan. 30N. 67E. 58 - -=Bolio=, East Indies. 6S. 124E. 75 - -=Boloven=, Indo-China. 15N. 107E. 70 - -=Bolsheretsk=, Siberia. 53N. 157E. 95 - -=Boly=, Asia Minor. 41N. 31E. 46 - -[*]=Bombay=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=Bo-mu=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 107E. 82 - -=Bongon=, East Indies. 7N. 116E. 74 - -=Boni=, East Indies. 5S. 120E. 74 - -=Bontaeng=, East Indies. 6S. 120E. 74 - -=Bookit Duri=, Malay Pen. 3N. 103E. 69 - -=Bookit Sablah=, Malay Pen. 6N. 101E. 68 - -=Bookit Serudom=, Malay Pen. 4N. 103E. 69 - -=Bookit Tung=, Malay Pen. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Boompjes Is.=, East Indies. 6S. 108E. 76 - -=Boreyda=, Arabia. 27N. 45E. 44 - -=Borikan=, Indo-China. 19N. 104E. 70 - -=Borneo=, East Indies. 0. 113E. 74 - -=Borneo, British N.=, E. Indies. 6N. 116E. 74 - -=Borobalgassun=, Inner Mongolia. 38N. 108E. 82 - -=Borzon=, Inner Mongolia. 43N. 105E. 82 - -=Bostan=, Baluchistan. 30N. 67E. 58 - -=Boudrouet Rock=, Formosa. 24N. 123E. 89 - -=Boulgourlou=, Asia Minor. 37N. 35E. 46 - -=Bowringpet=, Mysore. 13N. 78E. 63 - -=Brahmaputra R.=, Bengal. 24N. 90E. 61 - -=Brindaban=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. 59 - -[*]=Broach=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Brosot=, Java. 8S. 110E. 76 - -=Brothers Is.=, The, Malacca Strait. 3N. 100E. 69 - -=Broughton Bay=, Korea. 39N. 128E. 90 - -=Broughton Strait=, Japan. 35N. 129E. 89 - -=Brouwer Strait=, Sumatra. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Bruit=, East Indies. 3S. 111E. 74 - -=Brunei=, East Indies. 5N. 115E. 74 - -[*]=Brusa=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 29E. 46 - -=Bua Sum=, Siam. 15N. 101E. 70 - -=Bubbaie R.=, United Provs. 28N. 81E. 60 - -=Bubdar=, Asia Minor. 38N. 30E. 46 - -=Bubian Island=, Persian Gulf. 30N. 48E. 44 - -=Bucas=, Philippine Islands. 10N. 126E. 77 - -=Budihaul=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. 63 - -=Budra River=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. 63 - -[*]=Budrum=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. 46 - -=Budulla=, Ceylon. 7N. 81E. 63 - -=Bugti Country=, Baluchistan. 29N. 69E. 59 - -=Buitenzorg=, Java. 7S. 107E. 76 - -=Bukit Batu=, Sumatra. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Bulacan=, Philippine Islands. 15N. 121E. 77 - -=Bulangan=, East Indies. 3N. 117E. 74 - -=Bulawadin=, Asia Minor. 39N. 31E. 46 - -=Buldana=, Berar. 20N. 76E. 60 - -=Buleleng=, East Indies. 8S. 115E. 74 - -=Bulghar Dagh=, Asia Minor. 37N. 34E. 46 - -=Bulsar=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -=Buluan Lake=, Mindanao, Philippine Is. 6N. 125E. 77 - -=Bulun=, Siberia. 70N. 126E. 95 - -=Bu-mu-ba Lake=, China. 42N. 113E. 82 - -=Bunarbashi=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. 46 - -=Bunauan=, Mindanao, Philippine Is. 8N. 126E. 77 - -=Bundelcund=, Central India. 25N. 79E. 60 - -=Bundi=, Rajputana. 25N. 75E. 59 - -=Bungo Strait=, Japan. 33N. 132E. 89 - -=Buni=, Bombay. 24N. 70E. 56 - -=Bunji=, Kashmir. 35N. 75E. 58 - -=Bunli=, Rajputana. 26N. 76E. 59 - -=Burghi=, Bombay. 17N. 76E. 57 - -=Burgusto-ula=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 105E. 82 - -[*]=Burhanpur, Central Provinces.= 21N. 76E. 56 - -=Burhi=, Bengal. 24N. 85E. 60 - -=Burias=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 123E. 77 - -=Burka=, Arabia. 24N. 58E. 45 - -=Bursi=, Kashmir. 35N. 78E. 58 - -=Buru=, East Indies. 4S. 126E. 75 - -=Buru Cape=, East Indies. 2N. 103E. 74 - -=Burujird=, Persia. 34N. 49E. 47 - -=Burwahnugur=, Bengal. 23N. 84E. 60 - -=Burwalla=, Bombay. 22N. 72E. 56 - -=Busk=, Siberia. 53N. 85E. 94 - -=Busuanga=, Philippine Is. 12N. 120E. 77 - -=Buton Island=, East Indies. 7N. 99E. 75 - -=Butuan=, Philippine Islands. 9N. 126E. 77 - -=Butulan Vol=., Philippine Is. 6N. 126E. 77 - - -=Caboosa Island=, Burma. 13N. 98E. 71 - -=Cabul=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Cabuly Pt.=, Philippine Is. 12N. 119E. 77 - -[*]=Cæsarea=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Cæsarea Philippi=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Cagayan R.=, Philippine Is. 8N. 125E. 77 - -=Cagayanes Is.=, Philippine Is. 9N. 122E. 77 - -=Cagua Vol.=, Philippine Is. 18N. 122E. 77 - -=Calaguas Is.=, Philippine Is. 15N. 123E. 77 - -=Calamian=, Philippine Is. 12N. 120E. 77 - -=Calamianes=, Philippine Is. 12N. 120E. 77 - -=Calar River=, Bombay. 20N. 75E. 57 - -=Calayan=, Philippine Is. 19N. 122E. 77 - -=Calbayog=, Philippine Is. 12N. 125E. 77 - -[*]=Calcutta=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. 61 - -[*]=Calicut=, Madras. 11N. 76E. 63 - -=Calimere Point=, Madras. 10N. 80E. 63 - -=Calingapatam=, Madras. 18N. 84E. 62 - -=Callianee=, Haidarabad. 18N. 77E. 62 - -=Calpi=, United Provinces. 26N. 80E. 60 - -=Camao Cape=, Indo-China. 9N. 105E. 71 - -=Camarines=, Philippine Is. 13N. 123E. 77 - -=Ca-mau=, Indo-China. 9N. 105E. 71 - -[*]=Cambay=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Cambay, Gulf of=, Bombay. 21N. 72E. 56 - -=Cambodia=, Indo-China. 12N. 105E. 71 - -=Cam-hoa=, Indo-China. 22N. 106E. 70 - -=Camiguin=, Philippine Is. 19N. 122E. 77 - -=Camotes Is.=, Philippine Is. 11N. 124E. 77 - -=Campbellpur=, Punjab. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Camranh Har.=, Indo-China. 12N. 109E. 71 - -[*]=Cana=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Candavi=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -=Candaya Is.=, Philippine Is. 15N. 121E. 77 - -[*]=Cannanore=, Madras. 12N. 75E. 63 - -=Canning Town=, Bengal. 22N. 89E. 61 - -=Cantho=, Indo-China. 10N. 106E. 71 - -[*]=Canton=, China. 23N. 113E. 85 - -=Canton River=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Cao-bang=, Indo-China. 22N. 106E. 70 - -=Cao-sorol=, Indo-China. 18N. 106E. 70 - -[*]=Capernaum=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Capitolias=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Capiz=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 122E. 77 - -=Caraga=, Philippine Islands. 7N. 127E. 77 - -=Cardamum Mts.=, Madras. 10N. 77E. 63 - -=Carmel=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Carmel, Mount=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Caroline Is.=, East Indies. 9N. 140E. 75 - -=Carteret Reef=, East Indies. 3N. 135E. 75 - -=Castries Bay=, Siberia. 52N. 141E. 95 - -=Catanduanes=, Philippine Is. 14N. 124E. 77 - -=Catbalongan=, Philippine Is. 12N. 125E. 77 - -=Catel Viejo= (S. Nicolas), Philippine Is. 8N. 127E. 77 - -=Cauli River=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Cauvery River=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Cavite=, Philippine Islands. 15N. 121E. 77 - -[*]=Cawnpur=, United Provs. 26N. 80E. 60 - -=Cayan=, Philippine Islands. 17N. 121E. 77 - -=Celebes=, East Indies. 4S. 121E. 74 - -=Celebes Sea=, East Indies. 4N. 120E. 74 - -=Ceram=, East Indies. 4S. 130E. 75 - -=Chahar=, China. 42N. 114E. 83 - -=Chaiapun=, Siam. 16N. 102E. 70 - -=Chaibassa=, Bengal. 22N. 86E. 60 - -=Chainat=, Siam. 15N. 100E. 70 - -=Chaiya=, Malay Peninsula. 9N. 99E. 71 - -=Chakar River=, Baluchistan. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Chakdara=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 72E. 58 - -=Chakesar=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 73E. 58 - -=Chakwal=, Punjab. 33N. 73E. 58 - -=Cha-ling=, China. 27N. 114E. 85 - -=Chalo=, Mongolia. 44N. 120E. 83 - -=Chamar=, Kashmir. 33N. 78E. 58 - -=Chamba=, Punjab. 33N. 76E. 58 - -=Chamlung=, Kashmir. 35N. 78E. 58 - -=Chana=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Chanagur=, Central Provs. 19N. 80E. 60 - -[*]=Chanar=, Bengal. 25N. 83E. 60 - -=Chance Island=, Malay Pen. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Chanda=, Central Provs. 20N. 79E. 60 - -[*]=Chandaur=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. 56 - -=Chandaur Chain=, Bombay. 20N. 75E. 56 - -=Chandausi=, United Provs. 29N. 79E. 60 - -[*]=Chandernagore=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. 61 - -=Chandode=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Chandpur=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. 61 - -=Chandra River=, Kashmir. 33N. 75E. 58 - -=Chang-chau=, China. 32N. 120E. 85 - -=Chang-chau=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Chang-chun=, Manchuria. 44N. 125E. 90 - -=Chang-chwen Is.=, China. 21N. 113E. 85 - -=Chang-hs-tao=, China. 40N. 121E. 83 - -=Chang-hwa=, China. 19N. 109E. 84 - -=Chang-i=, China. 37N. 120E. 83 - -=Chang-jin=, Korea. 41N. 127E. 90 - -=Chang-kia-kau=, China. 41N. 115E. 83 - -=Chang-kwan-tsai=, Manchuria. 45N. 129E. 90 - -=Chang-le=, China. 30N. 111E. 84 - -=Chang-lo=, China. 24N. 116E. 85 - -=Chang-lo=, China. 26N. 120E. 85 - -=Chang-ning=, China. 25N. 116E. 85 - -=Chang-pai-shan=, Manchuria. 42N. 127E. 90 - -=Chang-ping=, China. 26N. 118E. 85 - -=Chang-ping=, China. 40N. 116E. 83 - -=Chang-pu=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Chang-sha=, China. 23N. 115E. 85 - -=Chang-sha=, China. 28N. 113E. 85 - -=Chang-shan-tao=, China. 38N. 121E. 83 - -=Chang-te=, China. 29N. 111E. 84 - -=Chang-te=, China. 36N. 114E. 83 - -=Chang-tsing=, China. 36N. 117E. 83 - -=Chang-tu=, Manchuria. 43N. 124E. 90 - -=Chang-yang=, China. 30N. 111E. 84 - -=Chaniot=, Punjab. 32N. 73E. 58 - -=Chan-sha=, China. 32N. 121E. 83 - -=Chantabun=, Siam. 13N. 102E. 71 - -=Chantakam=, Siam. 14N. 102E. 71 - -=Chao=, China. 38N. 115E. 83 - -=Chao-chau=, China. 24N. 117E. 85 - -=Chao-king=, China. 23N. 112E. 84 - -=Chao-lien-tao=, China. 36N. 121E. 83 - -=Chao-yang=, China. 23N. 117E. 85 - -=Chao-yang=, China. 42N. 120E. 83 - -=Chapel Island=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Chapra=, Bengal. 26N. 84E. 60 - -=Charjui=, Turkestan. 39N. 63E. 45 - -=Charles Louis Mts.=, E. Indies. 4S. 136E. 75 - -=Charuk Su=, Turkey in Asia. 41N. 40E. 47 - -=Chatarpur=, Central India. 25N. 80E. 60 - -=Chatrapur=, Madras. 19N. 85E. 62 - -=Chattisgarh=, Central Provs. 21N. 83E. 60 - -=Chaturat=, Siam. 16N. 102E. 70 - -=Chau-dok=, Indo-China. 11N. 105E. 71 - -=Chau-hu=, China. 32N. 117E. 85 - -=Chaukan Point=, Burma. 27N. 97E. 67 - -=Chau-tung=, China. 27N. 104E. 84 - -=Che-cheng=, China. 34N. 116E. 83 - -=Cheduba=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Cheduba Island=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Che-ju=, Korea. 34N. 126E. 90 - -=Che-Kiang=, China. 29N. 120E. 85 - -=Chek-jem Island=, Korea. 37N. 126E. 90 - -=Chel-La, North=, Korea. 36N. 127E. 90 - -=Chel-La, South=, Korea. 35N. 126E. 90 - -=Chelong=, Indo-China. 12N. 106E. 71 - -=Chelyuskin Cape=, Siberia. 77N. 102E. 94 - -[*]=Chemulpo=, Korea. 37N. 127E. 90 - -=Chenab River=, Punjab. 29N. 71E. 59 - -=Chen-chau=, China. 28N. 110E. 84 - -=Chen-chau=, China. 34N. 115E. 83 - -=Chendras=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Chen-feng=, China. 25N. 106E. 84 - -=Cheng=, China. 35N. 114E. 83 - -[*]=Chengalput=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -=Cheng-ju=, Korea. 37N. 127E. 90 - -=Cheng-ju=, Korea. 40N. 125E. 90 - -=Cheng-kau=, China. 32N. 109E. 84 - -=Cheng-ngan=, China. 28N. 107E. 84 - -=Cheng-pu=, China. 26N. 110E. 84 - -=Cheng-shan=, China. 38N. 123E. 83 - -=Cheng-te=, China. 41N. 118E. 83 - -=Cheng-ting=, China. 38N. 115E. 83 - -=Cheng-tu=, China. 31N. 104E. 84 - -=Chen-hiung=, China. 27N. 105E. 84 - -=Chen-hsi=, China. 28N. 110E. 84 - -=Chen-ju=, Korea. 36N. 127E. 90 - -=Chen-kiang=, China. 32N. 119E. 83 - -=Chen-ngan=, China. 23N. 106E. 84 - -=Chen-ping=, China. 25N. 116E. 85 - -=Chen-yiien=, China. 27N. 108E. 84 - -=Chen-yiien=, China. 36N. 107E. 82 - -=Chepon=, Indo-China. 17N. 106E. 70 - -=Cheribon=, Java. 7S. 109E. 76 - -=Cherrapunji=, Assam. 25N. 92E. 61 - -=Che-yang-pau=, China. 27N. 120E. 85 - -=Chhang-seng=, Korea. 40N. 125E. 90 - -=Chhindwara=, Central Provs. 22N. 79E. 60 - -=Chho-san=, Korea. 41N. 126E. 90 - -=Chhota Udepur=, Bombay. 22N. 74E. 56 - -=Chhun-chhen=, Korea. 38N. 128E. 90 - -=Chhung=, Korea. 37N. 128E. 90 - -=Chhung-Chheng, E.=, Korea. 36N. 127E. 90 - -=Chhung-Chheng, W.=, Korea. 36N. 126E. 90 - -=Chiamis=, Java. 7S. 108E. 76 - -=Chiba=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Chiburi=, Japan. 36N. 133E. 91 - -=Chicacole=, Madras. 18N. 84E. 62 - -=Chichalengha=, Java. 7S. 108E. 76 - -=Chi-chau=, China. 31N. 117E. 85 - -=Chichawatu=, Punjab. 30N. 73E. 58 - -=Chi-cheng=, China. 41N. 116E. 83 - -=Chidzu=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Chieng-hai=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Chieng Kong=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Chieng Mai=, Siam. 19N. 99E. 70 - -=Chieng Saan=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Chi-feng=, China. 42N. 118E. 83 - -[*]=Chi-fu=, China. 38N. 122E. 83 - -=Chigar Sarai=, Afghanistan. 35N. 71E. 58 - -=Chijulang=, Java. 8S. 108E. 76 - -=Chi-kau=, China. 39N. 118E. 83 - -=Chik-ching=, China. 22N. 110E. 84 - -=Chikmagalur=, Mysore. 13N. 76E. 63 - -=Chilachap=, Java. 8S. 109E. 76 - -=Chilas=, Kashmir. 35N. 74E. 58 - -=Chilaw=, Ceylon. 8N. 80E. 63 - -=Chi-li=, China. 40N. 117E. 83 - -=Chi-li, Gulf of=. 39N. 119E. 83 - -=Chi-li, Strait of=. 38N. 121E. 83 - -=Chilka Lake=, Bengal. 20N. 85E. 60 - -[*]=Chillianwallah=, Punjab. 33N. 74E. 58 - -=Chi-lung=, China. 23N. 115E. 85 - -=Chimishgadsek=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 39E. 47 - -=Chin Hills State=, Burma. 23N. 94E. 67 - -=China Bakier River=, Burma. 16N. 96E. 67 - -=China Sea, S.=, Indo-China. 9N. 108E. 71 - -=Chin-do=, Korea. 35N. 126E. 90 - -=Chindwin River=, Burma. 22N. 95E. 67 - -=Chindwin Shan States=, Burma. 26N. 96E. 67 - -=Chin-hai=, China. 30N. 121E. 85 - -=Chini=, Punjab. 32N. 78E. 58 - -=Chin-ju=, Korea. 35N. 128E. 90 - -=Chinnampo=, Korea. 39N. 125E. 90 - -=Chinnereth, Sea of=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Chinur=, Haidarabad. 19N. 80E. 62 - -=Chiokai-san=, Japan. 39N. 140E. 88 - -=Chiremai=, Java. 7S. 108E. 76 - -=Chisloth Tabor=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Chitaldrug=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. 63 - -=Chitor=, Rajputana. 25N. 75E. 59 - -=Chitral=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 36N. 72E. 58 - -=Chitral R.=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 36N. 72E. 58 - -[*]=Chittagong=, Burma. 22N. 92E. 61 - -=Chittapet=, Madras. 12N. 79E. 63 - -=Chittur=, Madras. 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Chittur=, Madras. 13N. 79E. 63 - -=Chivril=, Asia Minor. 38N. 30E. 46 - -=Choatilloh=, Sind. 26N. 69E. 59 - -=Cho-bo=, Indo-China. 21N. 105E. 70 - -=Chobr=, China. 41N. 113E. 82 - -=Cho-chau=, China. 40N. 116E. 83 - -=Cho-don=, Indo-China. 18N. 107E. 70 - -=Cholar=, Indo-China. 10N. 107E. 71 - -=Chon-kan=, Indo-China. 14N. 104E. 71 - -=Chorazin=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Choreshiri Island=, Japan. 44N. 141E. 88 - -=Choshi=, Japan. 36N. 141E. 91 - -=Choshjal=, China. 42N. 114E. 83 - -=Chotiali=, Baluchistan. 30N. 69E. 58 - -=Chotun=, Rajputana. 26N. 71E. 59 - -=Chou-tsun=, China. 37N. 118E. 83 - -=Chu=, China. 32N. 118E. 83 - -=Chu-chau=, China. 28N. 120E. 85 - -=Chu-cheng=, China. 36N. 120E. 83 - -=Chukairei Mt.=, Formosa. 24N. 121E. 89 - -=Chu-ki=, China. 30N. 120E. 85 - -=Chumay Bay=, Indo-China. 16N. 108E. 70 - -=Chung=, China. 30N. 108E. 84 - -=Chung-chang=, China. 37N. 104E. 82 - -=Chung-kia-kau=, China. 37N. 116E. 83 - -=Chung-king=, China. 29N. 106E. 84 - -=Chung-ming=, China. 32N. 121E. 85 - -=Chung-pa=, China. 32N. 105E. 84 - -=Chung-wei=, China. 37N. 105E. 82 - -=Chu-san=, China. 30N. 122E. 85 - -=Chu-shan=, China. 32N. 110E. 82 - -=Chu-tze-chieh=, Manchuria. 43N. 129E. 90 - -=Cilicia=, Asia Minor. 36N. 34E. 46 - -=Clara Island=, Burma. 11N. 98E. 71 - -=Cleopatra's Needle=, Philippine Is. 10N. 119E. 77 - -=Clifford Island=, Korea. 37N. 126E. 90 - -=Cocanada=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -[*]=Cochin=, Madras. 10N. 76E. 63 - -=Cochin China=, Indo-China. 11N. 106E. 71 - -=Codoor=, Madras. 14N. 79E. 63 - -=Coguiga=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -[*]=Coimbatore=, Madras, 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Colleroon River=, Madras, 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Colnett Strait=, Japan. 30N. 130E. 89 - -[*]=Colombo=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. 63 - -=Combermere Bay=, Burma. 20N. 94E. 67 - -=Comillah=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. 61 - -=Comorin, Cape=, Madras. 8N. 77E. 63 - -=Concepcion=, Philippine Is. 11N. 123E. 77 - -=Congun=, Persia. 29N. 52E. 45 - -[*]=Conjeveram=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -=Constantinovsk=, Siberia. 49N. 140E. 95 - -=Cook Channel=, Philippine Is. 10N. 120E. 77 - -=Coonoor=, Madras, 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Cord del Norte=, Philippine Is. 18N. 122E. 77 - -=Coromandel Coast=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -=Coronado Pt.=, Philippine Is. 8N. 122E. 77 - -=Coronge Island=, Burma. 17N. 94E. 67 - -=Cotabato=, East Indies. 7N. 124E. 75 - -=Cotta Bato=, Philippine Is. 7N. 124E. 77 - -=Craig Island=, China. 25N. 122E. 89 - -=Cuddalore=, Madras. 12N. 80E. 63 - -=Cumbum=, Madras. 16N. 79E. 62 - -=Cundapur=, Madras. 14N. 75E. 63 - -=Cuntuda=, Arabia. 19N. 41E. 44 - -=Current Island=, East Indies. 5N. 132E. 75 - -=Cutch=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. 56 - -=Cutch, Runn of=, Bombay. 24N. 71E. 56 - -=Cuttack=, Bengal. 21N. 86E. 60 - -=Cuttack Mehal=, Bengal. 21N. 85E. 60 - -=Cuttani River=, Mysore. 12N. 77E. 63 - -=Cuyos Is.=, Philippine Is. 11N. 121E. 77 - -=Cyclops Mts.=, East Indies. 3S. 140E. 75 - - -=Dabbasheth=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Daberath=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Dabhai=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Dabla=, Rajputana. 26N. 75E. 59 - -=Dabsatu=, Mongolia. 44N. 120E. 83 - -=Dacca=, Bengal. 24N. 90E. 61 - -=Dahan=, Siam. 16N. 105E. 70 - -=Dahira=, Arabia. 24N. 56E. 45 - -=Dahna=, Arabia. 25N. 48E. 44 - -=Dahna=, Arabia. 21N. 50E. 44, 45 - -=Dairen=, China. 39N. 122E. 83 - -=Dairen=, Manchuria. 39N. 122E. 90 - -=Daishoji=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Daiwurconda=, Haidarabad. 17N. 79E. 62 - -=Dakar=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -=Dakka=, Afghanistan. 34N. 71E. 58 - -=Daksam=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. 61 - -=Dalai Nor=, Mongolia. 43N. 117E. 83 - -=Dalhousie=, Burma. 16N. 94E. 67 - -=Dalhousie=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. 58 - -=Daltonganj=, Bengal. 24N. 84E. 60 - -=Dalupiri=, Philippine Is. 19N. 121E. 77 - -[*]=Daman=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. 56 - -=Daman-i-Kuh=, Turkestan. 38N. 57E. 45 - -=Damar=, Arabia. 15N. 44 - -[*]=Damascus=, Palestine. 34N. 36E. 12 - -=Dambulla=, Ceylon. 8N. 81E. 63 - -=Dammer=, East Indies. 6S. 128E. 75 - -=Damoh=, Central Provs. 24N. 80E. 60 - -=Dampier Island=, East Indies. 5S. 146E. 75 - -=Dampier Strait=, East Indies. 1S. 130E. 75 - -=Dan=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Danu=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. 57 - -=D'Anville Gulf=, Siberia. 43N. 131E. 95 - -=Dapean=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Dapitan=, Philippine Is. 8N. 123E. 77 - -=Dapsang Mount=, Kashmir. 35N. 77E. 58 - -=Dapuli=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. 57 - -=Darak=, Persia. 32N. 58E. 45 - -=Darbah=, Punjab. 29N. 75E. 59 - -=Darbhangah=, Bengal. 26N. 86E. 61 - -=Dardanelles=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. 46 - -=Dare-bhyn River=, Burma. 16N. 95E. 67 - -=Dargai=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Dargai Peak=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 71E. 58 - -=Darjiling=, Bengal. 27N. 89E. 61 - -=Darrang=, Assam. 86N. 92E. 61 - -=Darvel Bay=, East Indies. 5N. 118E. 74 - -=Dasa=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 42E. 47 - -=Dasuruan=, Java. 8S. 113E. 76 - -=Data=, Burma. 16N. 95E. 67 - -=Data Mt.=, Philippine Is. 17N. 122E. 77 - -=Datrapur=, Bengal. 26N. 90E. 61 - -=Dattiah=, Central India. 26N. 78E. 60 - -=Daude=, East Indies. 9S. 142E. 75 - -[*]=Daulatabad=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. 62 - -=Daulatpur=, Sind. 26S. 68E. 59 - -=Davao=, Philippine Island. 7N. 126E. 77 - -=Davao Bay=, Philippine Is. 6N. 126E. 77 - -=Davilacan=, East Indies. 17N. 122E. 74 - -=Davis Island=, Burma. 10N. 98E. 71 - -=Dawunakonda=, Madras. 16N. 78E. 62 - -=Dayang Bunting=, Malacca Str. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Dazan Bandida=, Mongolia. 44N. 116E. 83 - -=Dazol Bay=, Philippine Is. 16N. 120E. 77 - -[*]=Dead Sea=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 13 - -=Debar Lake=, Rajputana. 24N. 74E. 59 - -=Debari=, Rajputana. 25N. 74E. 59 - -=Debir=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Dedicas Vol.=, Philippine Is. 19N. 122E. 77 - -=Deeg=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -=Degode=, Rajputana. 25N. 75E. 59 - -=Dehra=, United Provs. 30N. 78E. 58 - -=Deir=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 40E. 47 - -=Delhi=, East Indies. 8S. 126E. 75 - -[*]=Delhi=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. 59 - -=Deli=, East Indies. 4N. 99E. 74 - -=Delidge Irmak R.=, Asia Minor. 39N. 35E. 46 - -=Demavend=, Persia. 35N. 52E. 45 - -=Demavend Mount=, Persia. 36N. 52E. 45 - -=Dengiz, Lake=, As. Russia. 53N. 73E. 94 - -=Denisli=, Asia Minor. 38N. 29E. 46 - -=D'Entrecasteaux Is.=, East Indies. 10S. 150E. 75 - -[*]=Deogarh=, Central Provs. 22N. 79E. 60 - -=Deogurh=, Bengal. 25N. 87E. 61 - -=Deogurh=, Bombay. 16N. 73E. 57 - -=Deoniagarh=, Nepal. 28N. 84E. 60 - -=Dera Bugti=, Baluchistan. 29N. 69E. 59 - -=Dera Futti Khan=, Punjab. 31N. 71E. 58 - -=Dera Ghazi Khan=, Punjab. 30N. 71E. 58 - -=Dera Ishmail Khan=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 32N. 71E. 58 - -=Derajat=, Punjab. 31N. 71E. 58 - -=Desht River=, Persia. 25N. 62E. 45 - -=Dhalkot=, Kashmir. 34N. 74E. 58 - -=Dhamtari=, Central Provs. 21N. 81E. 60 - -[*]=Dhar=, Central India. 23N. 75E. 56 - -=Dharampur=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. 56 - -[*]=Dharmapuri=, Madras. 12N. 78E. 63 - -=Dharmawaram=, Madras. 15N. 78E. 62 - -=Dharumsala=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. 58 - -=Dharur=, Haidarabad. 19N. 76E. 62 - -[*]=Dharwar=, Bombay. 16N. 75E. 57 - -=Dhat-Irk=, Arabia. 22N. 41E. 44 - -=Dhaulagiri Mt.=, Nepal. 29N. 84E. 60 - -=Dheiell=, Bombay. 21N. 74E. 56 - -=Dhola=, Bombay. 22N. 72E. 56 - -=Dholarra=, Bombay. 22N. 72E. 56 - -[*]=Dholka=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. 56 - -[*]=Dholpur=, Rajputana. 27N. 78E. 59 - -=Dhond=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. 57 - -=Dhoraji=, Bombay. 22N. 70E. 56 - -=Dhrangadra=, Bombay. 23N. 71E. 56 - -[*]=Dhulia=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. 56 - -=Dhuri River=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. 58 - -=Diamond Harbour=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. 61 - -[*]=Diarbekr=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 39E. 47 - -=Diarmer Mount=, Kashmir. 35N. 74E. 58 - -=Dibon=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Dibrugarh=, Assam. 27N. 95E. 67 - -=Dickson Island=, Siberia. 73N. 81E. 94 - -=Dickson, Point=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Dien-Bien=, Indo-China. 21N. 103E. 70 - -[*]=Diggi=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E. 59 - -=Dihang River=, Tibet. 28N. 95E. 61 - -=Dihing River=, Assam. 27N. 96E. 67 - -=Dilasac Bay=, Philippine Is. 16N. 122E. 77 - -=Dilawar=, Punjab. 29N. 71E. 59 - -=Dilman=, Persia. 38N. 45E. 47 - -=Dinagat=, Philippine Islands. 10N. 126E. 77 - -=Dinajpur=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. 61 - -=Dinapur=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. 60 - -=Dindi River=, Haidarabad. 17N. 79E. 62 - -[*]=Dindigull=, Madras. 10N. 78E. 63 - -=Dindings=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 68 - -=Dineir=, Asia Minor. 38N. 31E. 46 - -=Dingarh=, Punjab. 29N. 72E. 59 - -=Diomede Island=, Siberia. 66N. 172W. 95 - -=Dion=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Discovery Reef=, E. Indies. 4S. 109E. 76 - -=Diu Fort=, Bombay. 21N. 71E. 56 - -=Diu Island=, Bombay. 21N. 71E. 56 - -=Divy, Point=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Diwanieh=, Turkey in Asia. 32N. 45E. 47 - -=Dizful=, Persia. 32N. 49E. 47 - -=Djahampur=, Punjab. 30N. 71E. 58 - -=Djambu=, East Indies. 2S. 104E. 74 - -=Djanik=, Asia Minor. 41N. 36E. 46 - -=Djering, Cape=, Malacca Str. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Dohad=, Bombay. 23N. 74E. 56 - -=Doktawadi River=, Burma. 23N. 97E. 67 - -=Dolar=, Central India. 24N. 82E. 60 - -[*]=Dolon-nor=, China. 42N. 116E. 83 - -=Dolon-shirke=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 107E. 82 - -=Dolphin, Cape=, Malay Pen. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Dome Island=, Burma. 12N. 98E. 71 - -=Donahyu=, Burma. 17N. 96E. 67 - -[*]=Dondra Head=, Ceylon. 6N. 81E. 63 - -=Dong-hoi=, Indo-China. 18N. 107E. 70 - -=Dong Rek=, Siam. 14N. 102E. 71 - -=Don-nai River=, Indo-China. 11N. 107E. 71 - -=Dor=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Dorak=, Persia. 31N. 49E. 47 - -=Dornakal=, Haidarabad. 17N. 80E. 62 - -=Dothan=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Douglas=, East Indies. 20N. 136E. 75 - -=Dourga Strait=, East Indies. 7S. 139E. 75 - -=Dowhali=, Central Provs. 21N. 80E. 60 - -=Dowlaishwardin=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Dounggyi=, Burma. 17N. 96E. 67 - -=Dras=, Kashmir. 34N. 76E. 58 - -=Drug=, Central Provs. 21N. 82E. 60 - -=Dsergile=, Mongolia. 44N. 115E. 83 - -=Duda=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Dudhna River=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Dudinsh=, Siberia. 69N. 87E. 94 - -=Dudwa=, United Provs. 29N. 81E. 60 - -=Dulmera=, Rajputana. 28N. 74E. 59 - -=Dumaran Is.=, Philippine Is. 11N. 120E. 77 - -=Dunbula=, Ceylon. 7N. 81E. 63 - -=Dungarpur=, Rajputana. 24N. 74E. 59 - -=Dungun, River=, Malay Pen. 5N. 103E. 68 - -=Dupadu=, Madras. 16N. 79E. 62 - -=Durbot=, Inner Mongolia. 42N. 111E. 82 - -=Duroch, Cape=, Korea. 39N. 128E. 90 - -=D'Urville Island=, E. Indies. 3S. 143E. 75 - -=D'Urville Point=, E. Indies. 2S. 138E. 75 - -=Dwana Hills=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -[*]=Dwarka=, Bombay. 22N. 69E. 56 - - -=Eap=, East Indies. 10N. 136E. 75 - -=East Cape=, Siberia. 66N. 170W. 95 - -=Ebal, Mount=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Echigo=, Japan. 37N. 139E. 91 - -=Echisen=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Edrei=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Edremid=, Asia Minor. 40N. 27E. 46 - -=Edwardesabad=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Egerdir=, Asia Minor. 38N. 31E. 46 - -=Egin=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 39E. 47 - -=Eglon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Ekron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=El Batna=, Arabia. 25N. 57E. 45 - -=El Bedda=, Arabia. 25N. 52E. 45 - -[*]=Elburz Mountains=, Persia. 36N. 51E. 45 - -=Elealeh=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Elephanta=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=El Hadhr=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 43E. 47 - -=El Hasa=, Arabia. 28N. 48E. 44 - -=El Hejaz=, Arabia. 25N. 38E. 44 - -=El Hofuf=, Arabia. 25N. 50E. 44 - -=El Jezireh= or =Mesopotamia=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 40E. 47 - -=El Katif=, Arabia. 27N. 50E. 45 - -[*]=Ellichpur=, Berar. 21N. 78E. 60 - -=Elliot Island=, Manchuria. 39N. 122E. 90 - -=Ellore=, Madras. 17N. 81E. 62 - -=Elmaly=, Asia Minor. 36N. 30E. 46 - -=Elphinstone=, Burma. 12N. 98E. 71 - -=El Wedj=, Arabia. 26N. 36E. 44 - -=Elwend Mountain=, Persia. 35N. 49E. 47 - -=El Yemen=, Arabia. 16N. 43E. 44 - -=Emamgarh=, Sind. 27N. 69E. 59 - -=Emmaus=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Enciam Island=, Madras. 8N. 77E. 63 - -=Endau River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 104E. 69 - -=Enderes=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 38E. 47 - -[*]=Endor=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Engannim=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Engano Cape=, East Indies. 19N. 122E. 74 - -=Engano Island=, East Indies. 5S. 103E. 74 - -=Engedi=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=English Bazar=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. 61 - -=Ennore=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -=En-Rimmon=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Enzeli=, Persia. 38N. 49E. 47 - -=Ephraim=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Ephraim, Mount=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Erbil=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 44E. 47 - -=Eregli=, Asia Minor. 37N. 34E. 46 - -=Eregli=, Asia Minor. 41N. 32E. 46 - -=Erinpura=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. 59 - -=Ernakolam=, Madras. 10N. 76E. 63 - -[*]=Erode=, Madras. 11N. 78E. 63 - -[*]=Erzerum=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 41E. 47 - -[*]=Erzingan=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 40E. 47 - -=Esanzaki=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Esashi=, Japan. 41N. 140E. 88 - -=Esasta=, Japan. 44N. 143E. 88 - -[*]=Esdraelon, Plain of=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Eshtemod=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Eskihissar=, Asia Minor. 37N. 28E. 46 - -[*]=Eskishehr=, Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. 46 - -=Etah=, United Provinces. 28N. 79E. 60 - -=Etna, Mount=, China. 19N. 109E. 84 - -=Etwali=, United Provs. 27N. 79E. 60 - -[*]=Euphrates R.=, Turkey in Asia. 30N. 48E. 47 - -=Euripik=, East Indies. 6N. 142E. 75 - -[*]=Everest, Mount=, Nepal. 28N. 87E. 61 - - -=Fais=, East Indies, 10N. 141E. 75 - -=Faizabad=, United Provs. 27N. 82E. 60 - -=Fak-chan=, Burma. 11N. 99E. 71 - -=Fakumen=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. 90 - -=Fakuoka=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=Falam=, Burma. 23N. 94E. 67 - -=Falan=, Indo-China. 17N. 106E. 70 - -=False Cape=, East Indies. 8S. 137E. 75 - -=Fan=, China. 36N. 116E. 83 - -=Fan-cheng=, China. 32N. 112E. 82 - -=Fao=, Turkey in Asia. 30N. 48E. 47 - -=Farallon de Pajaros=, E. Indies. 20N. 145E. 75 - -=Faraulep=, East Indies. 9N. 145E. 75 - -=Faridkot=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. 58 - -=Farrah=, Afghanistan. 32N. 62E. 45 - -=Farridabad=, Punjab. 28N. 77E. 59 - -=Fars=, Persia. 28N. 53E. 45 - -=Farsan Kebeer=, Red Sea. 17N. 42E. 44 - -=Farukhabad=, United Provs. 27N. 79E. 60 - -=Farukhnagar=, Punjab. 28N. 77E. 59 - -=Fasa=, Persia. 29N. 54E. 45 - -=Fatehabad=, Punjab. 30N. 75E. 58 - -=Fatehpur=, United Provs. 26N. 81E. 60 - -=Fat-shan=, China. 23N. 113E. 85 - -=Fattehpur=, Punjab. 29N. 70E. 59 - -=Fazilka=, Punjab. 30N. 74E. 58 - -=Fei=, China. 35N. 118E. 83 - -=Fen-chau=, China. 37N. 112E. 82 - -=Feng=, China. 35N. 117E. 83 - -=Feng-chan=, China. 29N. 112E. 84 - -=Feng-cheng=, China. 28N. 116E. 85 - -=Feng-hsiang=, China. 34N. 108E. 82 - -=Feng-hwa=, China. 30N. 121E. 85 - -=Feng-hwa=, Manchuria. 43N. 124E. 90 - -=Feng-kwang-chen=, Manchuria. 40N. 124E. 90 - -=Feng-ning=, China. 41N. 117E. 83 - -=Feng-shan-shan=, China. 26N. 117E. 85 - -=Feng-tu=, China. 30N. 107E. 84 - -=Feng-yang=, China. 33N. 117E. 83 - -=Fen-ho=, China. 37N. 112E. 82 - -=Ferahan=, Persia. 34N. 50E. 47 - -=Filias River=, Asia Minor. 42N. 32E. 46 - -=Filipovskoi Korennoi=, Siberia. 71N. 97E. 94 - -=Firospur=, Punjab. 28N. 77E. 59 - -=Firozpur=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. 58 - -=Fitze-long Bay=, Indo-China. 21N. 307E. 70 - -=Flores=, East Indies. 9S. 121E. 74 - -=Fly River=, East Indies. 8S. 142E. 75 - -=Fo-ki=, Formosa. 25N. 121E. 89 - -=Fo-kien=, China. 26N. 118E. 85 - -[*]=Formosa=, China. 24N. 121E. 74 - -=Formosa Strait=, Formosa. 25N. 120E. 89 - -=Fou=, China. 30N. 107E. 84 - -=Foul Island=, Burma. 18N. 94E. 67 - -=Frederick Henry Is.=, E. Indies. 8S. 137E. 75 - -=Frederick Wilhelm Harbour=, E. Indies. 5S. 145E. 75 - -=Freewill=, East Indies. 1N. 135E. 75 - -=Fu=, China. 36N. 109E. 82 - -[*]=Fu-chau=, China. 26N. 119E. 85 - -=Fu-chau=, China. 28N. 116E. 85 - -=Fu-chou=, Manchuria. 40N. 122E. 90 - -=Fuga=, Philippine Islands. 18N. 121E. 77 - -[*]=Fuji Yama=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Fu-kang=, China. 24N. 114E. 85 - -=Fukaye Island=, Japan. 33N. 129E. 89 - -=Fu-kiang River=, China. 31N. 106E. 84 - -=Fu-ku=, China. 39N. 111E. 82 - -=Fukui=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Fukushima=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Fukushima=, Japan. 38N. 140E. 91 - -=Fukuyama=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Fukuyama=, Japan. 41N. 140E. 88 - -=Funatsiu=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Fu-ngan=, China. 27N. 120E. 85 - -=Fu-ning=, China. 27N. 120E. 85 - -=Fu-niu-shan=, China. 34N. 112E. 82 - -=Fu-ping=, China. 34N. 108E. 82 - -=Furidpur=, Bengal. 24N. 90E. 61 - -=Fusan=, Korea. 35N. 129E. 90 - -=Fu-shan=, China. 38N. 121E. 83 - -=Fushiki=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Fushimi=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Fu-tsing=, China. 26N. 120E. 85 - -=Futtehpur=, Punjab. 30N. 72E. 58 - -=Fyzabad=, Afghanistan. 37N. 70E. 45 - - -=Gad=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Gadak=, Bombay. 16N. 76E. 57 - -=Gadara=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Gaddari=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Galas River=, Malay Pen. 5N. 102E. 68 - -=Galbyn-Gobi=, In. Mongolia. 42N. 106E. 82 - -=Gali=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 102E. 69 - -=Galilee=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Galilee, Sea of=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -[*]=Galle=, Ceylon. 6N. 80E. 63 - -[*]=Gamala=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Gandava=, Baluchistan. 28N. 67E. 59 - -=Ganges=, Bengal. 22N. 89E. 61 - -=Gangpur=, Bengal. 22N. 84E. 60 - -=Ganh-rai Bay=, Indo-China. 10N. 107E. 71 - -=Ganjam=, Madras. 19N. 85E. 62 - -=Ganju-san=, Japan. 40N. 141E. 88 - -=Gao-tin=, Manchuria. 45N. 129E. 90 - -=Garampi=, Formosa. 21N. 121E. 89 - -=Gares=, Kashmir. 35N. 75E. 58 - -=Garhwal=, United Provs. 31N. 79E. 60 - -=Garo Hills=, Assam. 26N. 91E. 61 - -=Garut=, Java. 7S. 108E. 76 - -=Gath=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Gatkau=, Bombay. 22N. 69E. 56 - -=Gaurisankar Mt.=, Nepal. 28N. 87E. 61 - -=Gautier Mts.=, East Indies. 3S. 137E. 75 - -=Gawalgarh=, Berar. 21N. 77E. 60 - -[*]=Gaya=, Bengal. 25N. 85E. 60 - -[*]=Gaza=, Palestine. 32N. 34E. 12 - -=Geba=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Gede, Mount=, Java. 7S. 107E. 76 - -=Gedis Chai R.=, Asia Minor. 38N. 28E. 46 - -=Gedor=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Geelvink Bay=, East Indies. 3S. 135E. 75 - -=Geelvink Strait=, East Indies. 1S. 135E. 75 - -=Geik Dagh=, Asia Minor. 36N. 33E. 46 - -=Gelam Island=, Borneo. 3S. 110E. 76 - -=Genkai=, Japan. 34N. 131E. 89 - -=Gensan=, Korea. 39N. 127E. 90 - -=Genteng, Cape=, Java. 8S. 106E. 76 - -=Geok Tepe=, Turkestan. 38N. 58E. 45 - -=Georgetown=, Penang. 5N. 100E. 68 - -=Gerar=, Palestine. 31N. 34E. 12 - -[*]=Gerasa=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 13 - -=Gergesenes=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Gerizim, Mount=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Geuk Su=, Asia Minor. 36N. 34E. 46 - -=Ghaggan River=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. 58 - -=Ghagra R.=, United Provs. 26N. 84E. 60 - -=Gharrah=, Sind. 25N. 68E. 59 - -[*]=Ghaziabad=, United Provs. 29N. 77E. 59 - -[*]=Ghazipur=, United Provs. 26N. 84E. 60 - -[*]=Ghazni=, Afghanistan. 34N. 68E. 58 - -=Ghijinsk=, Siberia. 62N. 162E. 95 - -=Ghijinsk=, Gulf of, Siberia. 61N. 160E. 95 - -=Ghilan=, Persia. 38N. 49E. 47 - -=Ghubbet el Kamar=, Arabia. 16N. 53E. 45 - -=Ghunnapura=, Haidarabad. 17N. 78E. 62 - -=Giamda=, Tibet. 30N. 93E. 61 - -=Giaur Dagh=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 37E. 46 - -[*]=Gibeon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Gifu=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Gigasar=, Rajputana. 28N. 73E. 59 - -[*]=Gilboa, Mount=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Gilead, Mount=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Gilgal=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Gilolo=, East Indies. 1N. 127E. 75 - -=Gilolo Island=, East Indies. 1N. 128E. 75 - -=Gilolo Pass=, East Indies. 0. 129E. 75 - -=Gimzo=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Gioda=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Giran=, Formosa. 25N. 122E. 89 - -=Girap=, Rajputana. 26N. 70E. 59 - -=Girari=, Central Provs. 23N. 82E. 60 - -[*]=Giridhi=, Bengal. 24N. 86E. 61 - -=Girishk=, Afghanistan. 32N. 65E. 45 - -=Girna=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. 56 - -=Girri River=, Punjab. 31N. 78E. 58 - -=Girwari=, Central India. 26N. 77E. 60 - -[*]=Goa=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Goa Goa Is.=, East Indies. 7S. 115E. 76 - -=Goalpara=, Assam. 26N. 91E. 61 - -=Goalundo=, Bengal. 24N. 90E. 61 - -=Gobi=, Inner Mongolia. 42N. 105E. 82 - -=Godavari River=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Goderi=, Madras. 19N. 84E. 62 - -=God-i-Sirreh=, Baluchistan. 30N. 62E. 45 - -=Godra=, Bombay. 23N. 74E. 56 - -=Godwar=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. 59 - -=Goghe=, Bombay. 22N. 72E. 56 - -=Gokak=, Bombay. 16N. 75E. 57 - -=Golan=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Golconda=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Golden Throne Mt.=, Kashmir. 35N. 77E. 58 - -=Golok River=, Malay Pen. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Golra=, Punjab. 34N. 73E. 58 - -=Golugonda=, Madras. 18N. 82E. 62 - -=Gonda=, United Provs. 27N. 82E. 60 - -=Gonokawa=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Good Hope, Cape of=, China. 23N. 117E. 85 - -=Goona=, Central India. 24N. 77E. 60 - -[*]=Gooruncondah=, Madras. 14N. 79E. 63 - -=Gopalpur=, Madras. 19N. 85E. 62 - -=Gopanur=, Madras. 16N. 79E. 62 - -=Gorakhpur=, United Provs. 27N. 83E. 60 - -=Gorkha=, Nepal. 28N. 84E. 60 - -=Gorontalo=, East Indies. 0. 124E. 75 - -=Gosaigaon=, Assam. 27N. 94E. 67 - -=Gosgarh=, Punjab. 28N. 72E. 59 - -=Gotoshima=, Japan. 33N. 129E. 89 - -=Gowada=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Gowhatty=, Assam. 26N. 92E. 61 - -=Grajagan Bay=, Java. 9S. 114E. 76 - -=Granville=, East Indies. 10S. 147E. 75 - -=Great Gatwick Is.=, Indo-China. 10N. 109E. 71 - -=Great Gorge=, China. 31N. 110E. 84 - -=Great Karimon=, Malacca Str. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Great Lake=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Great Zab=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 44E. 47 - -=Grik=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Guam=, East Indies. 13N. 145E. 75 - -=Gudam=, Madras. 18N. 82E. 62 - -=Gudur=, Madras. 14N. 80E. 63 - -=Gugara=, Punjab. 31N. 73E. 58 - -=Guguan=, East Indies. 18N. 145E. 75 - -=Guie-chau Island=, China. 21N. 109E. 84 - -=Guimaras Is.=, Philippine Is. 11N. 123E. 77 - -[*]=Gujranwala=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. 58 - -[*]=Gujrat=, Punjab. 33N. 74E. 58 - -[*]=Gulbarga=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Guma=, Bombay. 22N. 72E. 56 - -=Gumal Pass=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 32N. 70E. 58 - -=Gumal River=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 32N. 70E. 58 - -=Gumri=, Bombay. 19N. 75E. 57 - -=Gumsur=, Madras. 20N. 85E. 62 - -=Gumti River=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. 61 - -=Gunaidio=, Sind. 26N. 70E. 59 - -=Gundakamma River=, Madras. 16N. 80E. 62 - -=Gunong Hantu=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Gunong Tahan=, Malay Pen. 5N. 102E. 68 - -=Guntakal=, Madras. 15N. 77E. 62 - -=Guntur=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Gunung Api=, East Indies. 6S. 126E. 75 - -=Gunungtua=, Sumatra. 1N. 100E. 69 - -=Gurdaspur=, Punjab. 32N. 75E. 58 - -=Gurgaon=, Punjab. 28N. 77E. 59 - -=Gurla Mountain=, Tibet. 30N. 82E. 60 - -=Gurrah=, Rajputana. 25N. 72E. 59 - -=Gurun=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 37E. 46 - -=Gutah=, Punjab. 30N. 75E. 58 - -[*]=Gutti=, Madras. 15N. 78E. 62 - -=Gwa=, Burma. 18N. 94E. 67 - -=Gwadur=, Baluchistan. 25N. 62E. 45 - -=Gwaja-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 30N. 129E. 89 - -=Gwal=, Punjab. 31N. 69E. 58 - -[*]=Gwalior=, Central India. 26N. 78E. 60 - -=Gwas-san=, Japan. 39N. 140E. 88 - -=Gwettur=, Persia. 25N. 61E. 45 - -=Gya=, Kashmir. 34N. 78E. 58 - -=Gya Peak=, Kashmir. 32N. 78E. 58 - -=Gyaing=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - - -=Habban=, Arabia. 15N. 47E. 44 - -=Hachinohe=, Japan. 40N. 142E. 88 - -=Hachirogata=, Japan. 40N. 141E. 88 - -=Hachoji=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Hadad Rimmon=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Ha-dong=, Indo-China. 16N. 109E. 70 - -=Hadramaut=, Arabia. 17N. 50E. 44, 45 - -=Hadramaut Mahrah=, Arabia. 17N. 50E. 44, 45 - -=Hagi=, Japan. 34N. 131E. 89 - -=Hagiang=, Indo-China. 23N. 105E. 70 - -=Hagui=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Hai=, China. 35N. 119E. 83 - -=Hai-an=, China. 20N. 110E. 84 - -=Hai-cheng=, China. 36N. 106E. 82 - -=Hai-cheng=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. 90 - -=Hai-chwen Island=, China. 21N. 113E. 85 - -[*]=Haidarabad=, Haidarabad. 17N. 79E. 62 - -=Haidarabad=, Sind. 25N. 68E. 59 - -=Hai-duong=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Hai-ju=, Korea. 38N. 126E. 90 - -=Hai-ling Island=, China. 21N. 112E. 84 - -=Hai-nan Island=, China. 19N. 110E. 84 - -=Hai-nan Strait=, China. 20N. 110E. 84 - -=Hai-ning=, China. 31N. 121E. 85 - -=Hai-pang=, Korea. 33N. 126E. 90 - -=Hai-phong=, Indo-China. 21N. 107E. 70 - -=Hai-tau Bay=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Hai-yang=, China. 37N. 122E. 83 - -=Hai-yong=, Korea. 43N. 130E. 90 - -=Hajin=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 36E. 46 - -[*]=Hakata=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=Hakodate=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Haku San=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Halcon Mt.=, Mindoro, Philippine Is. 16N. 118E. 77 - -=Haleb=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 37E. 46 - -=Haleb=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 38E. 46 - -=Halhul=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Halla=, Sind. 26N. 68E. 59 - -=Hal-la-san=, Korea. 3N. 127E. 90 - -=Halli=, Arabia. 19N. 41E. 44 - -=Halmaheira=, East Indies. 2N. 129E. 75 - -=Halys Cape=, Asia Minor. 42N. 36E. 46 - -=Hamad=, Arabia. 31N. 40E. 44 - -=Hamada=, Japan. 35N. 132E. 91 - -[*]=Hamadan=, Persia. 35N. 48E. 47 - -=Hamamatsu=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Hambantotta=, Ceylon. 6N. 81E. 63 - -=Ham-Gyeng, North=, Korea. 41N. 129E. 90 - -=Ham-Gyeng, South=, Korea. 40N. 128E. 90 - -=Ham-leung=, Korea. 40N. 127E. 90 - -=Hamirpur=, United Provs. 26N. 80E. 60 - -=Hammam Ali=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 43E. 47 - -=Hammath=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Hamun=, Persia. 31N. 60E. 45 - -=Hamun Marsh=, Persia. 28N. 62E. 45 - -=Han=, China. 31N. 104E. 84 - -=Han River=, Korea. 37N. 127E. 90 - -=Ha-nam=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Hanarikonda=, Haidarabad. 18N. 80E. 62 - -=Han-cheng=, China. 36N. 110E. 82 - -=Han-chung=, China. 33N. 107E. 82 - -=Handa=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Hangal=, Bombay. 15N. 75E. 57 - -=Hang-chau=, China. 30N. 120E. 85 - -=Hang-chau Bay=, China. 30N. 121E. 85 - -[*]=Han-kau=, China. 31N. 114E. 85 - -=Han-kiang=, China. 32N. 110E. 82 - -=Han-kiang River=, China. 32N. 112E. 84 - -=Hannathon=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Hanoi=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -[*]=Hansi=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. 59 - -=Han-yang=, China. 31N. 114E. 85 - -=Han-yin=, China. 33N. 109E. 82 - -=Haranhalli=, Mysore. 13N. 76E. 63 - -[*]=Harbin=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. 90 - -=Hardanhulli=, Mysore. 12N. 77E. 63 - -=Hardoi=, United Provinces. 27N. 80E. 60 - -[*]=Hardwar=, United Provinces. 30N. 78E. 60 - -=Harihar=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. 62 - -=Harima=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Hari Rud River=, Persia. 35N. 61E. 45 - -=Harnai=, Punjab. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Harran=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 39E. 47 - -=Hasah=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 42E. 47 - -=Hasdu River=, Central Provs. 22N. 83E. 60 - -=Hasora=, Kashmir. 35N. 75E. 58 - -=Hassan=, Mysore. 13N. 76E. 63 - -=Hassan Dagh=, Asia Minor. 38N. 34E. 46 - -=Hathnur=, Haidarabad. 20N. 79E. 62 - -=Hathras=, United Provs. 28N. 78E. 60 - -=Ha-tien=, Indo-China. 10N. 104E. 71 - -=Ha-tinh=, Indo-China. 18N. 106E. 70 - -=Haut=, Siam. 18N. 99E. 70 - -=Hawaii, Cape=, Siberia. 71N. 178W. 95 - -[*]=Hayil=, Arabia. 28N. 42E. 44 - -=Hazaribagh=, Bengal. 24N. 85E. 60 - -=Hazor=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Hazro=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 40E. 47 - -[*]=Hebron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Hedie=, Arabia. 26N. 39E. 44 - -=Hei-shui=, China. 43N. 118E. 83 - -=Helmand River=, Afghanistan. 34N. 67E. 58 - -=Heng-chau=, China. 27N. 112E. 84 - -=Heng-shan=, China. 27N. 112E. 84 - -=Heng-shan Mt.=, China. 27N. 112E. 84 - -=Heng-shi=, China. 24N. 112E. 85 - -=Heng-yang Pen.=, Korea. 34N. 127E. 90 - -=Henzada=, Burma. 17N. 95E. 67 - -=Herald Island=, Siberia. 72N. 175W. 95 - -[*]=Herat=, Afghanistan. 34N. 62E. 45 - -=Hermon, Mount=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Heshbon=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=He-tan Island=, China. 26N. 120E. 85 - -=Hetozaki=, Lu-Chu Island. 27N. 128E. 89 - -=Hida=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Hidaka Mountains=, Japan. 42N. 143E. 88 - -[*]=Hikone=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Hilleh=, Turkey in Asia. 33N. 45E. 47 - -=Himalaya Mts.=, Kashmir. 33N. 77E. 58 - -=Himeji=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Hime Thuan=, Indo-China. 11N. 108E. 71 - -=Hin=, Siam. 18N. 101E. 70 - -=Hindiah=, Turkey in Asia. 32N. 45E. 47 - -=Hindon=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -=Hindu Kush Mts.=, Afghanistan. 36N. 70E. 45 - -=Hindupur=, Madras. 14N. 77E. 63 - -=Hinganghat=, Central Provs. 20N. 79E. 60 - -=Hingoli=, Haidarabad. 20N. 77E. 62 - -=Hiogo=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Hippos=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Hirado-shima=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -=Hira-shima=, Lu-Chu Island. 30N. 130E. 89 - -=Hirijuru=, Mysore. 14N. 77E. 63 - -=Hirosaki=, Japan. 40N. 141E. 88 - -=Hiroshima=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Hissar=, Bokhara. 38N. 68E. 45 - -=Hissar=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. 59 - -=Hit=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 43E. 47 - -=Hitachi=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Hitoyoshi=, Japan. 32N. 131E. 89 - -=Hiwase=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Ho=, China. 32N. 118E. 85 - -=Ho=, China. 36N. 112E. 82 - -=Hoa-binh=, Indo-China. 21N. 105E. 70 - -=Hoa-glu=, Indo-China. 12N. 109E. 71 - -=Hoa-pin-su Island=, China. 26N. 134E. 89 - -=Ho-chi=, China. 25N. 108E. 84 - -=Hodal=, Punjab. 28N. 77E. 59 - -=Hodeida=, Arabia. 15N. 43E. 44 - -=Ho-feng=, China. 30N. 110E. 84 - -=Hoi-hou=, China. 20N. 110E. 84 - -=Hoi-tung=, China. 19N. 111E. 84 - -=Hoi-yang=, Korea. 39N. 128E. 90 - -=Ho-kau=, China. 40N. 111E. 82 - -=Hoki=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Ho-kiang=, China. 29N. 106E. 84 - -=Ho-kien=, China. 38N. 116E. 83 - -=Hoko-to=, Formosa. 23N. 120E. 89 - -=Ho-kow=, Indo-China. 22N. 104E. 70 - -=Hokubu-Shoto Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 28N. 130E. 89 - -=Hokurokudo=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=Homalin=, Burma. 25N. 95E. 67 - -=Honan=, China. 34N. 113E. 82, 83 - -=Ho-nan=, China. 35N. 112E. 82 - -[*]=Honawar=, Bombay. 14N. 74E. 57 - -=Honda B., Palawan=, Philippine Is. 10N. 118E. 77 - -=Hong-ju=, Korea. 37N. 127E. 90 - -[*]=Hong-kong=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Hong-yen=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Honjio=, Japan. 39N. 140E. 88 - -=Hon-koe Bay=, Indo-China. 13N. 109E. 71 - -=Hon-Mat Is.=, Indo-China. 19N. 106E. 70 - -=Hon Ne Island=, Indo-China. 20N. 106E. 70 - -=Hootah=, Arabia. 24N. 48E. 44 - -=Hope Bay=, China. 23N. 117E. 85 - -=Horeimele=, Arabia. 25N. 46E. 44 - -=Hosan=, Formosa. 22N. 121E. 89 - -=Hosdarg=, Madras. 12N. 75E. 63 - -=Ho-shan=, China. 22N. 113E. 84 - -=Ho-shan=, China. 37N. 112E. 82 - -=Hoshiarpur=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. 58 - -=Ho-shui=, China. 36N. 108E. 82 - -=Hosur=, Madras. 13N. 78E. 63 - -=Ho-tsin=, China. 36N. 111E. 82 - -=Howrah=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. 61 - -=Ho-yuen=, China. 24N. 115E. 85 - -=Hpazaung=, Burma. 19N. 97E. 67 - -=Hsi=, China. 36N. 111E. 82 - -=Hsiang-chau=, China. 24N. 110E. 84 - -=Hsiang-cheng=, China. 34N. 114E. 83 - -=Hsiang River=, China. 27N. 113E. 85 - -=Hsiang-tan=, China. 28N. 113E. 85 - -=Hsiang-yang=, China. 32N. 112E. 84 - -=Hsiang-yin=, China. 28N. 113E. 85 - -=Hsiao-kan=, China. 31N. 114E. 85 - -=Hsiau-nor=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 110E. 82 - -=Hsiau-yi=, China. 34N. 109E. 82 - -=Hsiau-wu-tai=, China. 40N. 115E. 83 - -=Hsi-chi-chin Bay=, China. 23N. 116E. 85 - -=Hsi-chwan=, China. 33N. 112E. 82 - -=Hsien-hsia-ling=, China. 28N. 119E. 85 - -=Hsi-hsiang=, China. 33N. 108E. 82 - -=Hsi-kiang River=, China. 23N. 111E. 84 - -=Hsi-lin=, China. 24N. 106E. 84 - -=Hsiling=, China. 39N. 115E. 83 - -=Hsiling Tombs=, China. 39N. 115E. 83 - -=Hsi-lung=, China. 25N. 106E. 84 - -=Hsin-chang=, China. 29N. 121E. 85 - -=Hsin-chau=, China. 23N. 110E. 84 - -=Hsin-feng=, China. 25N. 115E. 85 - -=Hsing=, China. 39N. 111E. 82 - -[*]=Hsi-ngan=, China. 34N. 109E. 82 - -=Hsing-hwa=, China. 26N. 119E. 85 - -=Hsing-hwa Sound=, China. 25N. 119E. 85 - -=Hsing-i=, China. 25N. 105E. 84 - -=Hsing-kwo=, China. 30N. 115E. 85 - -=Hsing-ngan=, China. 32N. 109E. 82 - -=Hsin-hsiang=, China. 35N. 114E. 83 - -=Hsin-hsing=, China. 22N. 112E. 84 - -=Hsin-hwa=, China. 27N. 111E. 84 - -=Hsin-i=, China. 22N. 111E. 84 - -=Hsin-kan=, China. 27N. 115E. 85 - -=Hsin-king=, Manchuria. 42N. 124E. 90 - -=Hsin-ning=, China. 22N. 108E. 84 - -=Hsin-tu=, China. 31N. 104E. 84 - -=Hsin-yang=, China. 32N. 114E. 83 - -=Hsi-ping=, China. 33N. 114E. 83 - -=Hsiung-erh-shan=, China. 34N. 110E. 82 - -=Hsiung-yao=, Manchuria. 40N. 122E. 90 - -=Hsiu-yen=, Manchuria. 40N. 123E. 90 - -=Hsi-ying-tze=, China. 41N. 114E. 83 - -=Hsu=, China. 34N. 114E. 83 - -=Hsu-chau=, China. 34N. 117E. 83 - -=Hsuen-hwa=, China. 41N. 115E. 83 - -=Hsuen-wei=, China. 26N. 104E. 84 - -=Hsun-yang=, China. 33N. 110E. 82 - -=Hsu-yang=, China. 28N. 106E. 84 - -=Htayan=, Malay Peninsula. 11N. 99E. 71 - -=Hua-muong=, Indo-China. 20N. 104E. 70 - -[*]=Hubli=, Bombay. 15N. 75E. 57 - -=Hu-chau=, China. 31N. 120E. 85 - -[*]=Hue=, Indo-China. 16N. 108E. 70 - -=Hugli=, Bengal. 23N. 88E. 61 - -[*]=Hugli River=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. 61 - -=Hu-hun-ho=, China. 42N. 122E. 83 - -=Hui-fa=, Manchuria. 43N. 126E. 90 - -=Hui-fa-ho R.=, Manchuria. 43N. 127E. 90 - -=Hu-kou=, China. 30N. 116E. 85 - -=Hulu Plus Mt.=, Malay Pen. 5N. 102E. 68 - -=Hulu Temengoh Mt.=, Malay Pen. 5N. 102E. 68 - -=Humboldt B.=, East Indies. 3S. 141E. 75 - -=Humnabad=, Haidarabad. 18N. 77E. 62 - -=Hun=, Indo-China. 22N. 102E. 70 - -=Hu-nan=, China. 27N. 112E. 84 - -=Hun-chun=, Manchuria. 43N. 130E. 90 - -=Hung-cheng=, China. 36N. 104E. 82 - -=Hung-hai=, China. 23N. 115E. 85 - -=Hung-ho=, China. 33N. 114E. 83 - -=Hunghoa=, Indo-China. 21N. 105E. 70 - -=Hung-shui=, China. 25N. 107E. 84 - -=Hung-tse-hu=, China. 33N. 118E. 83 - -=Hung-tung=, China. 36N. 112E. 82 - -=Hun-ho=, China. 42N. 123E. 83 - -=Hun-ho River=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. 90 - -=Huni=, Indo-China. 22N. 104E. 70 - -=Hunter Bay=, Burma. 20N. 93E. 67 - -=Hun-yuen=, China. 40N. 114E. 83 - -=Huon Gulf=, East Indies. 7S. 147E. 75 - -=Hu-peh=, China. 31N. 113E. 84 - -=Hu-pu=, Mongolia. 44N. 119E. 83 - -=Hurapa=, Punjab. 31N. 73E. 58 - -=Hurda=, Central Provs. 22N. 77E. 60 - -=Hursola=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -=Hurupirayama=, Japan. 43N. 140E. 88 - -=Hushungabad=, Central India. 23N. 78E. 60 - -=Hu-tau Bay=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Hu-to-ho=, China. 38N. 114E. 83 - -=Hu-to-ho=, China. 38N. 116E. 83 - -=Huttah=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Hu-yang-pu=, China. 37N. 107E. 82 - -=Hwa=, China. 21N. 110E. 84 - -=Hwai=, China. 33N. 117E. 83 - -=Hwai-ho=, China. 32N. 115E. 83 - -=Hwai-king=, China. 35N. 113E. 82 - -=Hwai-ngan=, China. 34N. 119E. 83 - -=Hwai-to=, Manchuria. 44N. 125E. 90 - -=Hwai-yang-shan=, China. 32N. 114E. 83 - -=Hwai-yin=, Manchuria. 41N. 126E. 90 - -=Hwai-yuen=, China. 25N. 109E. 84 - -=Hwai-yuen=, China. 38N. 109E. 82 - -=Hwa-ma-chi=, China. 38N. 107E. 82 - -=Hwan=, China. 36N. 107E. 82 - -=Hwang=, China. 22N. 109E. 84 - -=Hwang=, China. 38N. 121E. 83 - -=Hwang-chau=, China. 30N. 115E. 85 - -=Hwang-Hai=, Korea. 38N. 126E. 90 - -=Hwang-ho=, China. 38N. 118E. 83 - -=Hwang-hwa-shan=, China. 40N. 113E. 82 - -=Hwang-ngan=, China. 31N. 115E. 85 - -=Hwang-shan Mt.=, China. 30N. 118E. 85 - -=Hwanh-ho=, Indo-China. 21N. 107E. 70 - -=Hwan-ho=, China. 36N. 107E. 82 - -=Hwa-ping=, China. 35N. 106E. 82 - -=Hwei-chang=, China. 25N. 116E. 85 - -=Hwei-chau=, China. 23N. 114E. 85 - -=Hwei-chau=, China. 30N. 119E. 85 - -=Hwei-ho=, China. 34N. 120E. 83 - -=Hwei-lai=, China. 23N. 116E. 85 - -=Hyang-ju=, Korea. 39N. 126E. 90 - - -=Iamsk=, Siberia. 60N. 155E. 95 - -=Iba=, Philippine Islands. 16N. 120E. 77 - -=Ibi Gamin=, United Provs. 31N. 80E. 60 - -=Icarog Mt.=, Philippine Is. 14N. 123W. 77 - -=I-chang=, China. 31N. 111E. 84 - -=I-chau=, China. 35N. 118E. 83 - -=I-chau=, China. 42N. 121E. 83 - -=I-chhen=, Korea. 38N. 127E. 90 - -=Ichibusayama=, Japan. 32N. 131E. 89 - -=Ichinomiya=, Japan. 35N. 141E. 91 - -=I-chwan=, China. 36N. 110E. 82 - -=Ida=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -[*]=Ida Mountains=, Asia Minor. 40N. 27E. 46 - -=Idar=, Bombay. 24N. 73E. 56 - -=Idzuhara=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=Idzumi=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Idzumo=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Ieros=, Asia Minor. 41N. 39E. 47 - -=Ifalik=, East Indies. 6N. 145E. 75 - -=Ihiya-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 27N. 128E. 89 - -=Ikeda=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Iki Island=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=I-kiang River=, China. 25N. 110E. 84 - -=Ikuno=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Ilgun=, Asia Minor. 38N. 32E. 46 - -=Iligan, Mindanao=, Philippine Is. 8N. 124E. 77 - -=Iligan B., Mindanao=, Philippine Is. 8N. 124E. 77 - -=Ili, River=, Asiatic Russia. 46N. 75E. 94 - -=Illana B., Mindanao=, Philippine Is. 8N. 123E. 77 - -=Iloilo=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 123E. 77 - -=Imaharu=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Imbro Island=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. 46 - -=Imen-po=, Manchuria. 45N. 128E. 90 - -=Inaba=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Inaba Sound=, Japan. 34N. 139E. 91 - -=Inawashiro=, Japan. 38N. 140E. 91 - -=Indapur=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. 57 - -=Indigirka River=, Siberia. 71N. 150E. 95 - -=Indore=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. 62 - -=Indramayu=, Java. 6S. 108E. 76 - -=Indrawutty R.=, Central Provs. 19N. 81E. 60 - -=Indus River=, Sind. 24N. 68E. 59 - -=Ineboli=, Asia Minor. 42N. 34E. 46 - -=I-ning=, China. 29N. 115E. 85 - -=Injeh Cape=, Asia Minor. 42N. 35E. 46 - -=Insarevo=, Siberia. 62N. 88E. 94 - -=Inuboye Cape=, Japan. 36N. 141E. 91 - -=Iot Point=, Philippine Is. 14N. 124E. 77 - -=Iott-so-tone=, Siam. 16N. 104E. 70 - -=Ipoh=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Irawadi=, Burma. 17N. 95E. 67 - -=Irawadi River=, Burma. 16N. 95E. 67 - -=Iren Dubassu=, Inner Mongolia. 44N. 111E. 82 - -=Iren Lake=, Inner Mongolia. 44N. 112E. 82 - -=Iren-tala Steppe=, Inner Mongolia. 44N. 113E. 82 - -=Iriomoto-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 24N. 124E. 89 - -[*]=Irkutsk=, Siberia. 52N. 104E. 94 - -=Iro Cape=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Irtish, River=, Siberia. 61N. 70E. 94 - -=Isabela, Basilan=, Philippine Is. 7N. 122E. 77 - -=Isakhet=, Punjab. 33N. 71E. 58 - -=Isbarta=, Asia Minor. 38N. 30E. 46 - -=Ise=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=I-shan=, China. 36N. 118E. 83 - -=Ishigaki=, Lu-Chu Island. 24N. 124E. 89 - -=Ishigaki-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 24N. 124E. 89 - -=Ishikari Bay=, Japan. 43N. 141E. 88 - -=Ishikari River=, Japan. 43N. 141E. 88 - -=Ishim=, Siberia. 56N. 70E. 94 - -=Ishimo Cape=, Japan. 34N. 136E. 91 - -=Ishinomaki=, Japan. 38N. 141E. 88 - -=Iskelib=, Asia Minor. 41N. 35E. 46 - -=Iskenderun=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 36E. 46 - -=Iskenderun, G. of=, Asia Minor. 37N. 36E. 46 - -=Islamabad=, Burma. 22N. 92E. 61 - -=Islamabad=, Kashmir. 34N. 75E. 58 - -=Islamgurh=, Punjab. 28N. 71E. 59 - -=Islamkot=, Sind. 25N. 70E. 59 - -[*]=Ismid=, Asia Minor. 41N. 30E. 46 - -[*]=Isnik=, Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. 46 - -[*]=Ispahan=, Persia. 33N. 52E. 45 - -=Issachar=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Issyk Kul, Lake=, As. Russia. 43N. 78E. 94 - -=Itaburi=, Siam. 15N. 100E. 70 - -=Itako=, Japan. 36N. 141E. 91 - -=Itchapur=, Madras. 19N. 85E. 62 - -=Itoigawa=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=I-tu=, China. 30N. 111E. 84 - -=I-tung=, Manchuria. 43N. 125E. 90 - -=Ituræa=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Iwaki=, Japan. 37N. 141E. 91 - -=Iwakuni=, Japan. 34N. 132E. 91 - -=Iwami=, Japan. 35N. 132E. 91 - -=Iwanuma=, Japan. 38N. 141E. 88 - -=Iwashiro=, Japan. 38N. 140E. 91 - -=Iwoshima=, Japan. 31N. 130E. 89 - -=Iyama=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=I-yang=, China. 34N. 112E. 82 - -=Iyeshima=, Lu-Chu Island. 27N. 128E. 89 - -=Iyo=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Iyo Nada=, Japan. 34N. 132E. 89 - -=Izu=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - - -=Jabalpur=, Central Provs. 23N. 80E. 60 - -[*]=Jabbok, River=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Jabesh Gilead=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Jabneh=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Jacobabad=, Sind. 28N. 68E. 59 - -=Jacob's Well=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Jafarabad=, Bombay. 21N. 71E. 56 - -=Jafarabad=, Haidarabad. 20N. 76E. 62 - -=Jaffua=, Ceylon. 10N. 80E. 63 - -=Jagannath=, Bengal. 20N. 86E. 60 - -=Jagdalpur=, Central Provs. 19N. 82E. 60 - -=Jahla R.=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 45E. 47 - -=Jaintia Hills=, Assam. 26N. 92E. 61 - -=Jaintiapuri=, Assam. 25N. 92E. 61 - -=Jaintu=, Bengal. 27N. 90E. 61 - -=Jaipur=, Assam. 27N. 95E. 67 - -=Jaisalmer=, Rajputana. 27N. 71E. 59 - -=Jajepur=, Bengal. 21N. 86E. 61 - -=Jakhau=, Bombay. 23N. 69E. 56 - -=J-Akhdar=, Arabia. 23N. 57E. 45 - -[*]=Jalalabad=, Afghanistan. 34N. 70E. 58 - -=Jalalpur=, United Provinces. 26N. 80E. 60 - -[*]=Jalandhar=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. 58 - -=Jalandhar=, Punjab. 32N. 77E. 58 - -=Jalaun=, United Provinces. 26N. 79E. 60 - -=Jalk=, Persia. 27N. 62E. 45 - -=Jalna=, Haidarabad. 20N. 76E. 62 - -=Jalpaiguri=, Bengal. 27N. 89E. 61 - -=Jalurpetta=, Haidarabad. 17N. 80E. 62 - -=Jamba=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Jambusar=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Jammu=, Kashmir. 33N. 75E. 58 - -=Jamnagar=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. 56 - -=Jamnia=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Jamrud=, N.W. Frontier Prov. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Janjira=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. 57 - -=Janmir=, Bombay. 21N. 72E. 56 - -=Jano=, Punjab. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Jao-chau=, China. 29N. 117E. 85 - -=Japara=, Java. 6S. 111E. 76 - -=Japha=, Nepal. 28N. 87E. 61 - -=Japhia=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Japho=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Jappen=, East Indies. 2S. 136E. 75 - -=Jaraila=, Rajputana. 27N. 71E. 59 - -=Jaratai-dabassu=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 105E. 82 - -=Jasak=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 110E. 82 - -=Jask=, Persia. 26N. 58E. 45 - -=Jath=, Bombay. 17N. 75E. 57 - -=Jattir=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Jaunpur=, United Provs. 26N. 82E. 60 - -=Java Head=, Java. 7S. 105E. 76 - -=Java Island=, East Indies. 7S. 110E. 74 - -=Java Sea=, East Indies. 5S. 110E. 74 - -=Jawad=, Rajputana. 25N. 75E. 59 - -=Jawhar=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. 57 - -=Jaypur=, Madras. 19N. 83E. 62 - -[*]=Jaypur=, Rajputana. 27N. 76E. 59 - -=Jazer=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Jeat=, Haidarabad. 19N. 76E. 62 - -=Jebel Shomer=, Arabia. 28N. 42E. 44 - -=Jehlam=, Punjab. 33N. 74E. 58 - -=Jelapur=, Bombay. 15N. 75E. 57 - -=Jelei River=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 102E. 68 - -=Jellei River=, Borneo. 3S. 111E. 76 - -=Jelo Dagh=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 44E. 47 - -=Jen-hwai=, China. 28N. 106E. 84 - -[*]=Jericho=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Jerraguntha=, Madras. 15N. 79E. 62 - -=Jerrahi=, Persia. 31N. 49E. 47 - -[*]=Jerusalem=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Jesselton=, East Indies. 6N. 116E. 74 - -=Jessore=, Bengal. 23N. 89E. 61 - -=Jezreel=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Jezreel, Valley of=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Jhal=, Baluchistan. 28N. 67E. 59 - -=Jhalore=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. 59 - -=Jhalrapatam=, Rajputana. 24N. 76E. 59 - -=Jhang Maghiana=, Punjab. 31N. 72E. 58 - -[*]=Jhansi=, Central India. 26N. 79E. 60 - -[*]=Jhelum River=, Punjab. 31N. 72E. 58 - -=Jhow=, Baluchistan. 26N. 66E. 45 - -=Jhudo=, Sind. 25N. 69E. 59 - -=Jhunjhnu=, Rajputana. 28N. 75E. 59 - -[*]=Jidda=, Arabia. 22N. 39E. 44 - -=Jigansk=, Siberia. 67N. 123E. 95 - -=Jijurt=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. 57 - -[*]=Jind=, Punjab. 29N. 76E. 59 - -=Jizou Cape=, Japan. 36N. 133E. 91 - -=Jodhpur=, Rajputana. 26N. 73E. 59 - -=Jof=, Arabia. 31N. 41E. 44 - -=Jogbani=, Bengal. 26N. 87E. 61 - -=Johor=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Johor Bharu=, Malay Pen. 2N. 104E. 69 - -=Johore=, East Indies. 2N. 104E. 74 - -=Johor Lama=, Malay Pen. 2N. 104E. 69 - -=Johor River=, Malay Pen. 2N. 104E. 69 - -=Jokneam=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Jokyakarta=, Java. 8S. 110E. 76 - -=Jollarpett=, Madras. 13N. 79E. 63 - -[*]=Joonir=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. 57 - -=Joppa=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Jorhat=, Assam. 27N. 94E. 67 - -=Joseph's Tomb=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Jubeileh=, Turkey in Asia. 32N. 47 - -=Judi Dagh=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 43E. 47 - -=Julamerk=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 43E. 47 - -=Julfa=, Persia. 32N. 52E. 45 - -=Jumba=, Nepal. 29N. 82E. 60 - -=Jumkundi=, Bombay. 17N. 75E. 57 - -=Jumna R.=, United Provs. 26N. 82E. 60 - -=Jumpul, Cape=, Sumatra. 3N. 100E. 69 - -=Junagarh=, Bombay. 22N. 70E. 56 - -=Junagarh=, Central Provs. 20N. 83E. 60 - -=Jungar=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 111E. 82 - -=Junkseylon Is.=, Malay Pen. 8N. 98E. 71 - -=Jurah=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. 59 - -=Jushpur=, Bengal. 22N. 84E. 60 - -=Juttah=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - - -=Kabadian=, Bokhara. 37N. 68E. 45 - -=Kabarovski=, Siberia. 48N. 135E. 95 - -=Kabend=, Persia. 27N. 53E. 45 - -=Kabin=, Siam. 14N. 102E. 71 - -=Kabul R.=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Kachar=, Assam. 25N. 93E. 67 - -=Kachhi=, Baluchistan. 29N. 68E. 59 - -=Kachin=, Burma. 26N. 97E. 67 - -=Kachiyama=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Kadarpur=, Punjab. 32N. 72E. 58 - -=Kadiri=, Madras. 14N. 78E. 63 - -=Kadraman=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -=Kadsa=, Rajputana. 27N. 73E. 59 - -=Kadur=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. 63 - -=Kafiristan=, Afghanistan. 35N. 70E. 58 - -=Kaga=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Kagi=, Formosa. 23N. 120E. 89 - -=Kagoshima=, Japan. 31N. 131E. 89 - -=Kagoshima, Great=, Japan. 31N. 131E. 89 - -=Kaha River=, Punjab. 30N. 70E. 58 - -=Kai=, China. 27N. 107E. 84 - -=Kai=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Kai-feng=, China. 35N. 114E. 83 - -=Kai-ho=, Manchuria. 43N. 130E. 90 - -=Kai-hua=, China. 23N. 104E. 84 - -=Kain=, Persia. 33N. 59E. 45 - -=Kainsk=, Siberia. 56N. 78E. 94 - -=Kai-ping=, Manchuria. 40N. 122E. 90 - -=Kai-ping Island=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Kaira=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -=Kaisarieh=, Asia Minor. 39N. 35E. 46 - -=Kai-seng=, Korea. 38N. 126E. 90 - -=Kaiser Wilhelm's Land=, East Indies. 5S. 143E. 75 - -[*]=Kaithal=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. 58 - -=Kai-yuen=, Manchuria. 43N. 124E. 90 - -=Kajang=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Kajikazawa=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Kajiki=, Japan. 32N. 130E. 89 - -=Kakya=, Burma. 25N. 98E. 67 - -=Kakeroma-shima=, Lu-Chu Island. 29N. 129E. 89 - -=Kalabagh=, Punjab. 33N. 72E. 58 - -=Kaladji=, Bombay. 16N. 75E. 57 - -=Kala Drosh=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 72E. 58 - -=Kalam=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 73E. 58 - -=Kala Nao=, Afghanistan. 35N. 63E. 45 - -=Kalapa Island=, Java. 7S. 105E. 76 - -=Kalapani=, Punjab. 33N. 73E. 58 - -=Kalassim=, Siam. 17N. 104E. 70 - -[*]=Kalat=, Baluchistan. 29N. 67E. 45 - -=Kalat=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 38E. 47 - -=Kalat en Nejm=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 38E. 47 - -=Kalat Ramadi=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 43E. 47 - -=Kalegouk Island=, Burma. 16N. 98E. 67 - -=Kalessi=, Asia Minor. 40N. 27E. 46 - -=Kalewa=, Burma. 23N. 94E. 67 - -=Kali River=, United Provs. 29N. 79E. 60 - -=Kaliganj=, Bengal. 25N. 90E. 61 - -=Kali Sind R.=, Central India. 25N. 76E. 60 - -=Kaliuchin Bay=, Siberia. 67N. 176W. 95 - -=Kalivan=, Siberia. 56N. 82E. 94 - -=Kalka=, Punjab. 31N. 77E. 58 - -=Kalpentyn=, Ceylon. 8N. 80E. 63 - -=Kalurkot=, Punjab. 32N. 71E. 58 - -=Kalutura=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. 63 - -[*]=Kalyan=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=Kama=, Burma. 19N. 95E. 67 - -=Kama=, Burma. 26N. 96E. 67 - -[*]=Kamagawa=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Kamaishi=, Japan. 39N. 142E. 88 - -=Kamamet=, Haidarabad. 17N. 80E. 62 - -=Kamaran Island=, Red Sea. 15N. 43E. 44 - -=Kambangan=, Java. 8S. 109E. 76 - -=Kambing, Port=, East Indies. 8S. 125E. 75 - -=Kametsu=, Lu-Chu Islands. 28N. 129E. 89 - -=Kamitsu Shima=, Japan. 34N. 139E. 91 - -=Kamla River=, Bengal. 26N. 87E. 61 - -=Kamok=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. 58 - -=Kamon-taung=, Burma. 26N. 97E. 67 - -=Kampali=, Haidarabad. 15N. 77E. 62 - -=Kampang=, Siam. 16N. 100E. 70 - -=Kamparg=, Siam. 17N. 99E. 70 - -=Kampot=, Indo-China. 11N. 104E. 71 - -=Kamta=, Bombay. 14N. 74E. 57 - -=Kamtchatka=, Siberia. 58N. 160E. 95 - -=Kamtchatka, G. of=, Siberia. 55N. 163E. 95 - -=Kamthi=, Central Provinces. 21N. 79E. 60 - -=Kamuizaki=, Japan. 43N. 140E. 88 - -=Kanah=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Kanah, Brook=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Kanazawa=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Kanburi=, Siam. 14N. 100E. 71 - -=Kan-chau=, China. 26N. 115E. 85 - -=Kanchinjinga, Mt.=, Sikkim. 28N. 88E. 61 - -[*]=Kandahar=, Afghanistan. 32N. 66E. 45 - -[*]=Kandy=, Ceylon. 7N. 81E. 63 - -=Kanga=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Kangall=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 37E. 46 - -=Kangawa=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Kangean Island=, E. Indies. 7S. 115E. 76 - -=Kang-ge=, Korea. 41N. 126E. 90 - -[*]=Kang-hwa=, Korea. 38N. 127E. 90 - -[*]=Kang-ping=, China. 43N. 123E. 83 - -=Kangra=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. 58 - -=Kang-seng=, Korea. 38N. 128E. 90 - -=Kang-wen=, Korea. 37N. 128E. 90 - -=Kani=, Burma. 22N. 95E. 67 - -=Kanigurum=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Kankari=, Asia Minor. 41N. 34E. 46 - -=Kankasanturia=, Ceylon. 10N. 80E. 63 - -=Kanker=, Central Provs. 20N. 82E. 60 - -=Kan-kiang River=, China. 27N. 115E. 85 - -=Kankupa=, Mysore. 15N. 76E. 62 - -=Kanmitake=, Japan. 42N. 143E. 88 - -=Kan-ngen=, China. 19N. 109E. 84 - -=Kanpetlet=, Burma. 21N. 94E. 67 - -=Kansaw=, Burma. 25N. 96E. 67 - -=Kan-su=, China. 36N. 105E. 82 - -=Kan-tung-shan=, China. 31N. 116E. 85 - -=Kanuma=, Japan. 37N. 140E. 91 - -=Kan-yu=, China. 35N. 119E. 83 - -=Kao-chau=, China. 22N. 111E. 84 - -=Kao Kwang=, Malay Pen. 9N. 100E. 71 - -=Kao Luong=, Malay Peninsula. 8N. 99E. 71 - -=Kao-mi=, China. 36N. 120E. 83 - -=Kao-pan-tzu=, Manchuria. 42N. 122E. 90 - -=Kao Prong=, Malay Peninsula. 9N. 99E. 71 - -=Kao-yu-hu=, China. 33N. 119E. 83 - -=Kapalu=, Kashmir. 35N. 76E. 58 - -=Kap-san=, Korea. 41N. 128E. 90 - -=Kapsi=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Kapuas River=, East Indies. 0. 110E. 74 - -=Kara Sea=, Siberia. 73N. 65E. 94 - -=Karaboghaz G.=, Turkestan. 43N. 54E. 45 - -[*]=Karachi=, Sind. 25N. 67E. 59 - -=Kara Dagh=, Asia Minor. 37N. 33E. 46 - -=Karadagh=, Persia. 39N. 47 - -=Karafuto Island=, Siberia. 50N. 143E. 95 - -=Karaginski Island=, Siberia. 59N. 164E. 95 - -=Kara Hissar=, Asia Minor. 38N. 30E. 46 - -=Karahissar=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 39E. 47 - -=Kara Magora=, Asia Minor. 39N. 36E. 46 - -=Karaman=, Asia Minor. 37N. 33E. 46 - -=Karang=, Java. 6S. 106E. 76 - -=Karanpur=, Punjab. 33N. 73E. 58 - -=Karar=, Bombay. 17N. 74E. 57 - -=Kararizaki=, Lu-Chu Island. 29N. 130E. 89 - -=Karasu=, Persia. 35N. 50E. 47 - -=Kara su=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 40E. 47 - -=Karategin=, Bokhara. 38N. 70E. 45 - -=Karatsu=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -=Karauli=, Rajputana. 26N. 77E. 59 - -=Karenko=, Formosa. 24N. 122E. 89 - -=Karenni=, Burma. 19N. 97E. 67 - -=Kargil=, Kashmir. 35N. 76E. 58 - -[*]=Karikal=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Karimata Is.=, East Indies. 1S. 109E. 74 - -=Karimnagar=, Haidarabad. 18N. 79E. 62 - -=Karimon Java Is.=, Java. 6S. 110E. 76 - -=Kariya=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Karkalinsk=, As. Russia. 50N. 75E. 94 - -=Karnal=, Punjab. 30N. 77E. 58 - -=Karnaphuti River=, Burma. 22N. 92E. 61 - -=Karnul=, Madras. 16N. 78E. 62 - -=Karpathos=, Asia Minor. 36N. 27E. 46 - -=Karshi=, Bokhara. 38N. 66E. 45 - -=Karskaya Gulf=, Siberia. 69N. 68E. 94 - -=Kartaksho=, Kashmir. 35N. 76E. 58 - -[*]=Karur=, Madras. 11N. 78E. 63 - -=Karwar=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Kas, Gulf of=, Asia Minor. 37N. 46 - -=Kasai River=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. 61 - -=Kasaoka=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Kasara=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. 57 - -=Kashan=, Persia. 34N. 52E. 45 - -=Kashiwasaki=, Japan. 37N. 139E. 91 - -[*]=Kashmir=, Kashmir. 34N. 75E. 58 - -=Kashoto=, Formosa. 22N. 121E. 89 - -=Kasim=, Arabia. 27N. 45E. 44 - -=Kasmore=, Sind. 28N. 70E. 59 - -=Kasos=, Asia Minor. 35N. 27E. 46 - -=Kasri-Shirin=, Persia. 35N. 46E. 47 - -=Kassabi=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. 46 - -=Kassot=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 101E. 68 - -=Kastamuni=, Asia Minor. 41N. 34E. 46 - -=Kasukabe=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -[*]=Kasur=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. 58 - -=Katapang=, East Indies. 7S. 115E. 76 - -=Katar=, Sind. 27N. 69E. 59 - -=Katar=, Arabia. 25N. 51E. 45 - -=Katarnai Ghat=, United Provs. 28N. 81E. 60 - -=Katha=, Burma. 24N. 96E. 67 - -=Kathiawar Pen.=, Bombay. 22N. 71E. 56 - -=Katiuchin Bay=, Siberia. 67N. 176E. 95 - -=Katmandu=, Nepal. 28N. 86E. 60 - -=Katni=, Central India. 24N. 80E. 60 - -=Katolli=, Rajputana. 26N. 76E. 59 - -=Katsura=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Katsuyama=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Kattaria=, Bombay. 23N. 71E. 56 - -=Kauer=, East Indies. 5S. 103E. 74 - -=Kau-yu=, China. 33N. 120E. 83 - -=Kawabe-Shichi-to Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 30N. 129E. 89 - -=Kawachi=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Kawanoye=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Kawardha=, Central Provs. 22N. 81E. 60 - -=Kawe=, Burma. 24N. 95E. 67 - -=Kawra=, Bombay. 24N. 70E. 56 - -=Kayeli=, East Indies. 3S. 127E. 75 - -=Kazbin=, Persia. 37N. 50E. 47 - -=Kazusa=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Kebao=, Indo-China. 21N. 107E. 70 - -=Kebatu Island=, East Indies. 4S. 108E. 76 - -=Kebumen=, Java. 8S. 110E. 76 - -=Kechau River=, Malay Pen. 4N. 102E. 68 - -=Kedah River=, Malay Pen. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Kedesh=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Kediri=, Java. 8S. 112E. 76 - -=Kedron=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Kedu=, Java. 7S. 110E. 76 - -=Kega, Cape=, Indo-China. 11N. 108E. 71 - -=Keilah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Kejeri=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. 61 - -=Kekri=, Rajputana. 26N. 75E. 59 - -=Kelantan=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 102E. 68 - -=Kelantan River=, Malay Pen. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Kelenderi=, Asia Minor. 36N. 33E. 46 - -=Kelkit=, Asia Minor. 40N. 37E. 46 - -=Ke-lung=, Formosa. 25N. 122E. 89 - -=Kema=, East Indies. 2N. 125E. 75 - -=Kemmarat=, Siam. 16N. 105E. 70 - -=Ken River=, United Provinces. 26N. 80E. 60 - -=Kendal=, Java. 7S. 110E. 76 - -=Kendari=, East Indies. 4S. 122E. 74 - -=Ken Lao=, Siam. 18N. 101E. 70 - -=Kentei-alin=, Manchuria. 45N. 130E. 90 - -=Keonjurgurh=, Bengal. 22N. 86E. 60 - -=Kerama-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 26N. 127E. 89 - -=Keramian Is.=, East Indies. 5S. 115E. 76 - -=Kerasun=, Asia Minor. 41N. 39E. 47 - -=Keratong=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 103E. 69 - -[*]=Kerbela=, Turkey in Asia. 33N. 44E. 47 - -=Kerempeh Cape=, Asia Minor. 42N. 33E. 46 - -=Kerioth=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Kerkesiyeh=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 40E. 47 - -=Kerkhad=, Persia. 32N. 48E. 47 - -[*]=Kerkouk=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 44E. 47 - -=Kerman=, Persia. 30N. 56E. 45 - -=Kermanshad=, Persia. 34N. 47 - -=Kermes=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 37E. 46 - -=Keshin=, Arabia. 15N. 52E. 45 - -=Ketapang=, East Indies. 2S. 110E. 74 - -=Keum-kang-san=, Korea. 38N. 128E. 90 - -=Kevir=, Persia. 35N. 55E. 45 - -=Khabour=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 41E. 47 - -[*]=Khaibar Pass=, Afghanistan. 34N. 71E. 58 - -=Khaiber=, Arabia. 26N. 40E. 44 - -=Khair=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Khairagarh=, Central Provs. 21N. 81E. 60 - -=Khairi=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. 57 - -=Khairpur=, Sind. 27N. 69E. 59 - -=Khakhi=, Persia. 34N. 59E. 45 - -=Khamar Mts.=, Mongolia. 44N. 120E. 83 - -=Khamgaon=, Berar. 20N. 77E. 60 - -=Khamh-hoa=, Indo-China. 12N. 109E. 71 - -=Khamiab=, Afghanistan. 37N. 66E. 45 - -=Khamir=, Arabia. 16N. 44 - -=Kham-kheul=, Indo-China. 18N. 104E. 70 - -=Kham-num=, Indo-China. 18N. 105E. 70 - -=Kham-tong-lai=, Indo-China. 16N. 106E. 70 - -=Khana Abasa=, Mongolia. 44N. 115E. 83 - -=Khandwa=, Central Provs. 22N. 76E. 60 - -=Khanekin=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 45E. 47 - -=Khanewal=, Punjab. 30N. 72E. 58 - -=Khangarh=, Punjab. 28N. 71E. 59 - -=Khanpur=, Punjab. 29N. 71E. 59 - -=Kharaghova=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. 56 - -=Khara-mangnai Lake=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 108E. 82 - -=Khara-morito=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 105E. 82 - -=Kharan=, Baluchistan. 28N. 65E. 45 - -=Khara-narin-ula=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 106E. 82 - -=Khara Nor=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 104E. 82 - -=Khara-obo=, Inner Mongolia. 42N. 105E. 82 - -=Kharapat=, Burma. 24N. 94E. 67 - -=Kharasom=, Assam. 25N. 95E. 67 - -=Kharbin=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. 90 - -=Kharder=, Punjab. 28N. 70E. 59 - -=Kharfa=, Arabia. 24N. 46E. 44 - -=Khariar=, Central Provs. 20N. 83E. 60 - -=Kharikar=, Afghanistan. 35N. 69E. 45 - -=Kharpat=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 39E. 47 - -=Kharroh=, Sind. 27N. 70E. 59 - -=Kharsawan=, Bengal. 23N. 86E. 60 - -=Khas=, Indo-China. 14N. 108E. 71 - -=Khasi Hills=, Assam. 26N. 92E. 61 - -=Khatanga Gulf=, Siberia. 75N. 110E. 94 - -=Khatanga, River=, Siberia. 71N. 108E. 94 - -=Khatangsk=, Siberia. 72N. 102E. 94 - -=Khatchi=, Nepal. 28N. 83E. 60 - -=Khatsir=, Mongolia. 44N. 120E. 83 - -=Khawak Ft.=, Afghanistan. 35N. 70E. 58 - -=Khazr=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 43E. 47 - -=Khenka, Lake=, Siberia. 45N. 132E. 95 - -[*]=Khios=, Asia Minor. 38N. 26E. 46 - -[*]=Khiva=, Turkestan. 42N. 60E. 45 - -=Khobido daban=, Mongolia. 44N. 117E. 83 - -=Khoi=, Persia. 39N. 45E. 47 - -=Kholu=, Baluchistan. 30N. 69E. 58 - -=Khong=, Indo-China. 14N. 106E. 71 - -=Khongmalong=, Burma. 27N. 98E. 67 - -=Khora=, Kashmir. 35N. 77E. 58 - -=Khorasan=, Persia. 34N. 59E. 45 - -=Khoremabad=, Persia. 34N. 47 - -=Khost=, Afghanistan. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Khuduluk=, Mongolia. 44N. 118E. 83 - -=Khulan-chen=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. 90 - -=Khulm=, Afghanistan. 37N. 68E. 45 - -=Khurir=, Bombay. 24N. 70E. 56 - -=Khurkhu Range=, Inner Mongolia. 43N. 105E. 82 - -=Khusalgarh=, Punjab. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Khyrpur=, Punjab. 30N. 72E. 58 - -=Ki=, China. 30N. 115E. 85 - -=Ki=, China. 36N. 111E. 82 - -=Ki=, China. 37N. 116E. 83 - -=Ki=, China. 38N. 115E. 83 - -=Ki=, China. 40N. 117E. 83 - -=Ki Island=, East Indies. 6S. 133E. 75 - -=Kia=, China. 38N. 110E. 82 - -=Kia-hsing=, China. 31N. 121E. 85 - -=Kiai=, China. 33N. 105E. 82 - -=Kiai=, China. 35N. 111E. 82 - -[*]=Kiakhta=, Siberia. 50N. 107E. 94 - -=Kiang=, China. 36N. 111E. 82 - -=Kiang-hai=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Kiang-Khan=, Siam. 18N. 102E. 70 - -=Kiang Kheng=, Burma. 21N. 101E. 67 - -=Kiang-Khong=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Kiang Kwang=, Indo-China. 19N. 103E. 70 - -=Kiang-pei=, China. 30N. 106E. 84 - -=Kiang-Sen=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Kiang-shan=, China. 29N. 119E. 85 - -=Kiang-si=, China. 27N. 116E. 85 - -=Kiang-su=, China. 33N. 120E. 83 - -=Kiang-tan-ho River=, China. 29N. 108E. 84 - -=Kiang Tung=, Burma. 21N. 100E. 67 - -=Kiao-chau=, China. 36N. 120E. 83 - -=Kiao-chau Bay=, China. 36N. 120E. 83 - -=Kia-ting=, China. 30N. 104E. 84 - -=Kia-ting-kiang R.=, China. 31N. 106E. 84 - -=Kia-ying=, China. 24N. 116E. 85 - -=Kidarnath Mt.=, United Provs. 31N. 79E. 60 - -=Kidzuki=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Kien=, China. 32N. 106E. 84 - -=Kien=, China. 34N. 108E. 82 - -=Kien-chang=, China. 27N. 117E. 85 - -=Kien-chang=, China. 29N. 116E. 85 - -=Kien-chang=, China. 41N. 119E. 83 - -=Kien-chau=, China. 28N. 109E. 84 - -=Kien-ning=, China. 27N. 118E. 85 - -=Kien-shi=, China. 31N. 110E. 84 - -=Kien-te=, China. 30N. 117E. 85 - -=Kien-yang=, China. 27N. 118E. 85 - -=Kie-shi=, China. 23N. 116E. 85 - -=Kii=, Japan. 34N. 136E. 91 - -=Kii Chan=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Ki-kiang=, China. 29N. 107E. 84 - -=Kil-ju=, Korea. 41N. 129E. 90 - -=Ki-men=, China. 30N. 118E. 85 - -=Kin-chang-kau=, China. 42N. 120E. 83 - -=Kin-chau=, China. 22N. 108E. 84 - -=Kin-chau=, China. 41N. 121E. 83 - -=Kin-chau=, Manchuria. 39N. 121E. 90 - -=Kindat=, Burma. 24N. 95E. 67 - -=King=, China. 35N. 107E. 82 - -=King=, China. 38N. 116E. 83 - -=King Island=, Burma. 12N. 98E. 71 - -=Kinga, Cape=, Siberia. 63N. 180E. 95 - -=Ki-ngan=, China. 27N. 115E. 85 - -=King-chau=, China. 30N. 112E. 84 - -=King-men=, China. 31N. 112E. 84 - -[*]=King-te-shen=, China. 29N. 117E. 85 - -=King-yang=, China. 36N. 108E. 82 - -=King-yuen=, China. 24N. 108E. 84 - -=Kin-hwa=, China. 29N. 120E. 85 - -=Kinibalu Mt.=, East Indies. 6N. 116E. 74 - -=Kin-kiang River=, China. 28N. 117E. 85 - -=Kinkwazan=, Japan. 38N. 142E. 88 - -=Kinsan=, Afghanistan. 33N. 67E. 58 - -=Kinta S.=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 68 - -=Kioga Cape=, Japan. 36N. 135E. 91 - -=Kiong-heung=, Korea. 42N. 130E. 90 - -[*]=Kioto=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Kirenga, River=, Siberia. 58N. 108E. 94 - -=Kirensk=, Siberia. 58N. 108E. 94 - -=Kirin=, Manchuria. 44N. 127E. 90 - -=Kirin=, Manchuria. 45N. 128E. 90 - -=Kirishima=, Japan. 32N. 132E. 89 - -=Kir Moab=, Palestine. 31N. 36E. 12 - -=Kisanto=, Formosa. 25N. 122E. 89 - -=Kishangarh=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E. 59 - -=Kishangarh=, Rajputana. 28N. 71E. 59 - -=Kishani River=, Afghanistan. 32N. 67E. 58 - -=Kishen River=, Kashmir. 34N. 74E. 58 - -=Kishim Island=, Persia. 26N. 56E. 45 - -=Kishinowada=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Kishnagherry=, Madras. 13N. 78E. 63 - -[*]=Kishon, River=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Ki-shui=, China. 27N. 115E. 85 - -=Kislim Is.=, Persian Gulf. 27N. 56E. 45 - -=Kisogawa=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Kissengunge=, Bengal. 26N. 88E. 61 - -=Kistawar=, Kashmir. 33N. 76E. 58 - -=Kitab=, Bokhara. 39N. 67E. 45 - -=Kitakami=, Japan. 40N. 141E. 88 - -=Kit-tha-reng=, Burma. 12N. 99E. 71 - -=Kitur=, Bombay. 16N. 75E. 57 - -=Kiu-chau=, China. 29N. 119E. 85 - -=Kiu-kiang=, China. 30N. 116E. 85 - -=Kiu-kung-shan=, China. 29N. 115E. 85 - -=Kiu-lung-kiang R.=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Kiung-chau=, China. 20N. 111E. 84 - -=Kiyamuzaki=, Lu-Chu Is. 26N. 128E. 89 - -=Kizil Arvat=, Turkestan. 39N. 56E. 45 - -=Kizil Irmak R.=, Asia Minor. 40N. 34E. 46 - -=Kizil Uzen=, Persia. 37N. 48E. 47 - -=Klaung Pak-chau R.=, Burma. 10N. 99E. 71 - -=Klong Doang=, Malay Pen. 8N. 99E. 71 - -[*]=Kobe=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Kochi=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Kodaka=, Japan. 38N. 141E. 91 - -=Koemari=, Ceylon. 7N. 82E. 63 - -=Kofu=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Koga=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Kohat=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 71E. 58 - -=Koh Chang=, Siam. 12N. 102E. 71 - -=Koh Gram=, Malay Pen. 10N. 100E. 71 - -=Koh Kong=, Indo-China. 11N. 103E. 71 - -=Koh Kut=, Siam. 12N. 103E. 71 - -=Koh Pennan=, Malay Pen. 10N. 100E. 71 - -=Koh Rong=, Indo-China. 11N. 103E. 71 - -=Koh Samuie=, Malay Pen. 9N. 100E. 71 - -=Koh Si-chang=, Siam. 13N. 101E. 71 - -=Koh Tang=, Indo-China. 10N. 103E. 71 - -=Koh Tau=, Malay Peninsula. 10N. 100E. 71 - -=Koh Tron=, Indo-China. 10N. 104E. 71 - -=Koilah=, Rajputana. 28N. 73E. 59 - -=Koilkonda=, Haidarabad. 17N. 78E. 62 - -=Ko-je-do=, Korea. 35N. 129E. 90 - -=Kokan=, Turkestan. 40N. 71E. 45 - -=Kokarit=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -=Kokelay=, Ceylon. 9N. 81E. 63 - -=Koktechavsk=, As. Russia. 53N. 69E. 94 - -=Kokura=, Japan. 34N. 131E. 89 - -=Kolaba=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=Ko-lan=, China. 39N. 112E. 82 - -=Kolapur=, Bombay. 17N. 74E. 57 - -[*]=Kolar=, Mysore. 13N. 78E. 63 - -=Kolima Mts.=, Siberia. 64N. 158E. 95 - -=Kolima River=, Siberia. 69N. 162E. 95 - -=Kolleru Lake=, Madras. 17N. 81E. 62 - -=Komagatahe=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Komatsu=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Komchuk=, China. 23N. 113E. 85 - -=Komodo Is.=, East Indies. 8S. 120E. 74 - -=Kompong-chenang=, Indo-China. 12N. 105E. 71 - -=Kompong Thom=, Indo-China. 13N. 105E. 71 - -=Komta=, Central Provs. 22N. 80E. 60 - -=Ko-mung B.=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Konadah=, Madras. 18N. 84E. 62 - -=Konda=, Kashmir. 35N. 75E. 58 - -[*]=Kondapalli=, Madras. 17N. 81E. 62 - -=Kong-ju=, Korea. 36N. 127E. 90 - -=Kong-mun=, China. 22N. 113E. 85 - -[*]=Konieh=, Asia Minor. 38N. 33E. 46 - -=Kon-ken=, Siam. 16N. 103E. 70 - -=Kon-tum=, Indo-China. 14N. 108E. 71 - -=Kopah=, Malay Peninsula. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Kopah Inlet=, Malay Pen. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Kopal=, Asiatic Russia. 45N. 80E. 94 - -=Korat=, Siam. 15N. 102E. 71 - -=Korea=, Bengal. 23N. 82E. 60 - -=Korea Strait=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=Korean Archipelago=, Korea. 34N. 127E. 90 - -=Korido=, East Indies. 1S. 135E. 75 - -=Korinar=, Bombay. 21N. 71E. 56 - -=Korinchi Mt.=, East Indies. 2S. 101E. 74 - -[*]=Kos=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. 46 - -=Koshab=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 43E. 47 - -=Koshi River=, Bengal. 25N. 87E. 61 - -=Koshiki-shima=, Japan. 32N. 130E. 89 - -=Koshun=, Formosa. 21N. 121E. 89 - -=Kota Bharu=, Malay Pen. 6N. 101E. 68 - -=Kotah=, Rajputana. 25N. 76E. 59 - -=Kotaintan=, Sumatra. 1N. 100E. 69 - -=Kota Jalor=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Kotakara=, Lu-Chu Island. 30N. 130E. 89 - -=Kota Krunei=, Malay Pen. 6N. 101E. 68 - -=Kotal=, Punjab. 30N. 67E. 58 - -=Kota Pana=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 103E. 68 - -=Kotar=, United Provinces. 28N. 80E. 60 - -=Kota Raja=, East Indies. 5N. 95E. 74 - -=Kota Tek=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 102E. 68 - -=Kotelroi Island=, Siberia. 75N. 140E. 95 - -=Kothupilli=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Kotiam=, Madras. 10N. 76E. 63 - -=Kotli=, Kashmir. 34N. 74E. 58 - -=Kotour=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 44E. 47 - -=Kotri=, Sind. 25N. 68E. 59 - -=Kotsuke=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Kottur=, Madras. 15N. 76E. 62 - -=Kouznitz=, Siberia. 54N. 83E. 94 - -=Kow=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Koweit=, Arabia. 29N. 48E. 44 - -=Kowlas=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Kra=, Malay Peninsula. 11N. 99E. 71 - -=Kra, Isthmus of=, Malay Pen. 10N. 99E. 71 - -=Krakatoa Is.=, East Indies. 6S. 105E. 74 - -=Kranji=, Malay Peninsula. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Krasnoiarsk=, Siberia. 56N. 93E. 94 - -=Krasnovodsk=, Turkestan. 40N. 53E. 45 - -=Krat=, Siam. 12N. 102E. 71 - -=Kratie=, Indo-China. 12N. 106E. 71 - -=Krawang=, Java. 6S. 107E. 76 - -=Krian River=, Malay Pen. 5N. 100E. 68 - -=Krio Cape=, Asia Minor. 36N. 27E. 46 - -=Krishna River=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Krishnagar=, Bengal. 23N. 89E. 61 - -=Kronotski, Cape=, Siberia. 54N. 163E. 95 - -=Krusenstern Strait=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=Ku=, China. 31N. 107E. 84 - -=Ku=, China. 36N. 119E. 83 - -=Kua Bassac R.=, Indo-China. 10N. 106E. 71 - -=Kua Ham-long R.=, Indo-China. 10N. 107E. 71 - -=Kua Ko-kien R.=, Indo-China. 10N. 107E. 71 - -=Kuala Kangsar=, Malay Pen. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Kuala Klang=, Malay Pen. 3N. 101E. 69 - -=Kuala Klawang=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Kuala Kubu=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Kuala Lipis=, Malay Pen. 4N. 102E. 68 - -=Kuala Lumpur=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Kuala Pilah=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Kuala Semantan=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Kuala Sembrong=, Malay Pen. 2N. 104E. 69 - -=Kuantan River=, Malay Pen. 4N. 103E. 69 - -=Kubaritake=, Japan. 43N. 142E. 88 - -=Kubessa=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 43E. 47 - -=Kuchaman Road=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E. 59 - -=Kuch Behar=, Bengal. 26N. 90E. 61 - -=Kuching=, East Indies. 2N. 110E. 74 - -=Kuchino-erabu-shima=, Japan. 30N. 130E. 89 - -=Kuchino-shima=, Japan. 30N. 130E. 89 - -=Kuchinotsu=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -=Kudo-khuduk=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 104E. 82 - -=Kudri Mukh=, Madras. 13N. 75E. 63 - -=Ku-fau=, China. 36N. 117E. 83 - -=Kuhak=, Persia. 27N. 62E. 45 - -=Ku-ho River=, China. 31N. 107E. 84 - -=Kuiten, Mount=, China. 42N. 114E. 83 - -=Kui-ting-shan Mt.=, China. 32N. 104E. 84 - -=Kuji=, Japan. 40N. 142E. 88 - -=Kuju-san=, Japan. 33N. 131E. 89 - -=Ku-kan=, Siam. 14N. 104E. 71 - -=Ku-la-dan=, Burma. 21N. 93E. 67 - -=Ku-la-dan River=, Burma. 20N. 93E. 67 - -=Kulna=, Bengal. 23N. 90E. 61 - -=Ku-lu-shan=, China. 41N. 114E. 83 - -=Kum=, Persia. 35N. 51E. 45 - -=Kumai=, Borneo. 3S. 112E. 76 - -=Kumai Bay=, Borneo. 3S. 112E. 76 - -=Kumalmer=, Rajputana. 25N. 74E. 59 - -=Kumamoto=, Japan. 33N. 131E. 89 - -=Kumanogawa=, Japan. 34N. 136E. 91 - -=Kumbakonam=, Madras. 11N. 79E. 63 - -=Kume-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 26N. 127E. 89 - -=Kumisheh=, Persia. 32N. 52E. 45 - -=Kumple=, Madras. 13N. 75E. 63 - -=Kumpol=, Borneo. 3S. 110E. 76 - -=Kumpu-wapi=, Siam. 17N. 103E. 70 - -=Kun=, China. 33N. 112E. 82 - -=Kundgol=, Bombay. 15N. 76E. 62 - -=Kunduz=, Afghanistan. 36N. 69E. 45 - -=Kung-chang=, China. 35N. 105E. 82 - -=Kungit Island=, East Indies. 4S. 116E. 76 - -=Kun-kiang River=, Korea. 36N. 127E. 90 - -=Kunlong=, Burma. 23N. 99E. 67 - -=Kun-lun-shan=, China. 37N. 121E. 83 - -=Kunsan=, Korea. 36N. 127E. 90 - -=Kupang=, East Indies. 10S. 124E. 75 - -=Ku-pei-kou=, China. 41N. 117E. 83 - -=Kuram=, Afghanistan. 34N. 70E. 58 - -=Kuram Ft.=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 70E. 58 - -=Kuram Pass=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 71E. 58 - -=Kuram R.=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 71E. 58 - -=Kurd Dagh=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 37E. 46 - -=Kurdistan=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 43E. 47 - -=Kurdo=, Inner Mongolia. 42N. 104E. 82 - -=Kure=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Kuren=, Persia. 31N. 49E. 47 - -=Kurhurbari=, Bengal. 24N. 86E. 61 - -=Kurgan=, Siberia. 55N. 65E. 94 - -=Kuri River=, Rajputana. 26N. 75E. 59 - -=Kuria Muria Is.=, Arabia. 18N. 56E. 45 - -=Kurigram River=, Bengal. 26N. 90E. 61 - -=Kurmegala=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. 63 - -=Kurna=, Turkey in Asia. 31N. 47 - -=Kurohane=, Japan. 37N. 140E. 91 - -=Kuroshima=, Japan. 31N. 130E. 89 - -=Kurtle Strait=, Siberia. 51N. 157E. 95 - -=Kurume=, Japan. 33N. 131E. 89 - -=Kushiro=, Japan. 43N. 144E. 88 - -=Kushiro=, Japan. 43N. 145E. 88 - -=Kushiro, Lake=, Japan. 43N. 144E. 88 - -=Kushk=, Afghanistan. 35N. 62E. 45 - -=Kushkan=, Persia. 31N. 56E. 45 - -=Kushkizerd=, Persia. 31N. 52E. 45 - -=Kusupchi Sands=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 108E. 82 - -=Kutaya=, Asia Minor. 39N. 50E. 46 - -=Kutei River=, East Indies. 1N. 116E. 74 - -=Ku-tsing=, China. 25N. 104E. 84 - -=Kuwana=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Ku-wu=, China. 36N. 111E. 82 - -=Ku-yuen=, China. 36N. 106E. 82 - -=Kwa=, Burma. 18N. 94E. 67 - -=Kwa=, Indo-China. 21N. 102E. 70 - -=Kwala Banka=, Sumatra. 2N. 101E. 69 - -=Kwalu River=, Sumatra. 3N. 100E. 69 - -=Kwan=, China. 31N. 104E. 84 - -=Kwang=, China. 32N. 115E. 83 - -=Kwang-binh-dinh=, Indo-China. 18N. 107E. 70 - -=Kwang-chau-wan B.=, China. 21N. 111E. 84 - -=Kwang-hai=, China. 22N. 113E. 85 - -=Kwang-hsin=, China. 28N. 118E. 85 - -=Kwang-ju=, Korea. 35N. 127E. 90 - -=Kwang-kiang R.=, China. 26N. 115E. 85 - -=Kwang-nam=, Indo-China. 16N. 108E. 70 - -=Kwang-nan=, China. 24N. 105E. 84 - -=Kwang-ngai=, Indo-China. 15N. 109E. 70 - -=Kwang-ping=, China. 37N. 115E. 83 - -=Kwang-si=, China. 24N. 109E. 84 - -=Kwang-Suong=, Indo-China. 20N. 106E. 70 - -=Kwang-te=, China. 31N. 120E. 85 - -=Kwang-tsi=, China. 30N. 116E. 85 - -=Kwang-tu=, Indo-China. 17N. 107E. 70 - -=Kwang-tung=, China. 23N. 114E. 85 - -=Kwang-tung Pen.=, China. 39N. 121E. 83 - -=Kwang-yuen=, China. 32N. 106E. 82 - -=Kwan-tien=, Manchuria. 41N. 125E. 90 - -=Kwei=, China. 23N. 110E. 84 - -=Kwei=, China. 31N. 111E. 84 - -=Kwei-chau=, China. 27N. 107E. 84 - -=Kwei-chau=, China. 31N. 110E. 84 - -=Kwei-kiang River=, China. 24N. 111E. 84 - -=Kwei-kwa-cheng=, China. 41N. 112E. 82 - -=Kwei-lin=, China. 25N. 111E. 84 - -=Kwei-tung=, China. 26N. 114E. 85 - -=Kwei-yang=, China. 26N. 107E. 84 - -=Kwi=, Korea. 37N. 127E. 90 - -=Kwi-chu=, Indo-China. 19N. 105E. 70 - -=Kyan-kin=, Burma. 18N. 95E. 67 - -=Kyauk-chaing-gale=, Burma. 17N. 95E. 67 - -=Kyaukkyi=, Burma. 19N. 97E. 67 - -=Kyauk-pyu=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Kyaukse=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Kyauktaga=, Burma. 18N. 97E. 67 - -=Kyeng-ju=, Korea. 36N. 129E. 90 - -=Kyeng-San, North=, Korea. 36N. 128E. 90 - -=Kyeng-San, South=, Korea. 35N. 128E. 90 - -=Kyeng-seng=, Korea. 42N. 130E. 90 - -=Kyithi Bansan=, Burma. 22N. 98E. 67 - -=Kyondon=, Burma. 16N. 95E. 67 - - -=Labot Mt.=, Philippine Is. 14N. 123E. 77 - -=Labuan Batu=, Sumatra. 2N. 100E. 69 - -=Labuan Bilik=, Sumatra. 2N. 100E. 69 - -=Labuan Is.=, East Indies. 5N. 115E. 74 - -=Lachish=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Lacon Bight=, Malay Pen. 8N. 100E. 71 - -=Ladak=, Kashmir. 34N. 78E. 58 - -=Ladik=, Asia Minor. 38N. 32E. 46 - -=Ladno=, Rajputana. 28N. 74E. 59 - -=Ladrone Is.=, East Indies. 17N. 143E. 75 - -=Lagree Peak=, Indo-China. 15N. 106E. 70 - -=La-han=, Indo-China. 20N. 102E. 70 - -=Lahijan=, Persia. 37N. 50E. 45 - -[*]=Lahore=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. 58 - -=Lai-chau=, China. 37N. 120E. 83 - -=Lai-chou=, Indo-China. 22N. 103E. 70 - -=Lai-feng=, China. 29N. 109E. 84 - -=Laish=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Lai-yang=, China. 37N. 121E. 83 - -=Lakam=, Kashmir. 34N. 78E. 58 - -=Lakhon=, Siam. 17N. 105E. 70 - -=Lakhone=, Siam. 18N. 100E. 70 - -=Lakhpat=, Bombay. 24N. 69E. 56 - -=Laki=, Sind. 26N. 68E. 59 - -=Laki River=, Baluchistan. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Lala Musa=, Punjab. 33N. 74E. 58 - -=Lalang=, Sumatra. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Lalin=, Manchuria. 45N. 127E. 90 - -=La-lin-ho River=, Manchuria. 45N. 126E. 90 - -=Lallatpur=, Central Provs. 25N. 78E. 60 - -=Lambay Island=, Formosa. 22N. 120E. 89 - -=Lamloam=, Turkey in Asia. 32N. 45E. 47 - -=Lamotrek=, East Indies. 7N. 145E. 75 - -=Lampun=, Siam. 19N. 99E. 70 - -=Lamu=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Lanao Lake, Mindanao=, Philippine Is. 8N. 124E. 77 - -=Lan-chau=, China. 36N. 104E. 82 - -=Lancon=, Malay Peninsula. 8N. 100E. 71 - -=Lang Bian=, Indo-China. 12N. 108E. 71 - -=Langdao=, Burma. 27N. 98E. 67 - -=Langlam Mts.=, Burma. 28N. 97E. 67 - -=Lang-shan=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 107E. 82 - -[*]=Lang-son=, Indo-China. 22N. 107E. 70 - -=Lang-suan=, Malay Pen. 10N. 99E. 71 - -=Lang Xuyen=, Indo-China. 10N. 105E. 71 - -=Lan-ha-ho=, China. 43N. 121E. 83 - -=Lanjut=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Lan-shan=, China. 25N. 112E. 84 - -=Lan-tien=, China. 34N. 109E. 82 - -=Lan-tsi-kala=, China. 42N. 118E. 83 - -=Lan-yi Island=, China. 25N. 120E. 85 - -=Lao-chang-ho=, China. 38N. 117E. 83 - -=Lao-ho=, China. 32N. 112E. 82 - -=Lao-kay=, Indo-China. 22N. 104E. 70 - -=Laos=, Indo-China. 19N. 103E. 70 - -=Laos, West=, Siam. 19N. 99E. 70 - -=Lao-shan Bay=, China. 36N. 121E. 83 - -=La Perouse Strait=, Japan. 45N. 142E. 88 - -=Lappa=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Lar=, Persia. 27N. 54E. 45 - -=Lara River=, Afghanistan. 32N. 67E. 58 - -=Larantuca=, East Indies. 8S. 121E. 74 - -=Larkhana=, Sind. 27N. 68E. 59 - -=Lash=, Afghanistan. 31N. 62E. 45 - -=Lashio=, Burma. 23N. 98E. 67 - -=Las Islas B.=, Philippine Is. 9N. 123E. 77 - -=Lauag=, Philippine Islands. 18N. 121E. 77 - -=Laut=, East Indies. 4S. 116E. 76 - -=Laut Island=, East Indies. 4S. 116E. 74 - -=Laut Kechil Is.=, East Indies. 5S. 116E. 76 - -=Laut Strait=, Borneo. 4S. 116E. 76 - -=Lawn Mountain=, Java. 8S. 111E. 76 - -=Lay, Cape=, Indo-China. 17N. 107E. 70 - -=Lay-Thuy=, Indo-China. 17N. 107E. 70 - -=Lazistan=, Asia Minor. 41N. 40E. 47 - -[*]=Lebanon, Mounts.=, Palestine. 34N. 36E. 12 - -=Lebeh River=, Malay Pen. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Lebonah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Lebos=, Asia Minor. 39N. 26E. 46 - -=Ledo=, Assam. 27N. 96E. 67 - -=Ledung Bay=, Sumatra. 3N. 100E. 69 - -=Legeh=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Le-gnya=, Burma. 11N. 99E. 71 - -=Legya=, Burma. 21N. 98E. 67 - -[*]=Leh=, Kashmir. 34N. 78E. 58 - -[*]=Leiah=, Punjab. 31N. 71E. 58 - -=Lei-chau=, China. 21N. 110E. 84 - -=Lei-chau Peninsula=, China. 21N. 110E. 84 - -=Lei-po=, China. 28N. 104E. 84 - -=Lei-yang=, China. 26N. 113E. 85 - -=Lem Kolang Puk=, Malay Pen. 8N. 100E. 71 - -=Lemnos=, Asia Minor. 40N. 25E. 46 - -=Le-mro River=, Burma. 20N. 94E. 67 - -=Le-myet-hua=, Burma. 18N. 95E. 67 - -=Len=, Siam. 19N. 101E. 70 - -=Lena River=, Siberia. 73N. 128E. 95 - -=Lenga=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Leontes River=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Leo Porgial Mt.=, Kashmir. 32N. 78E. 58 - -=Leros=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. 46 - -=Leyte Island=, Philippine Is. 11N. 125E. 77 - -=Lhasa=, Tibet. 31N. 91E. 61 - -=Li=, China. 34N. 105E. 82 - -=Lia-chau Bay=, China. 38N. 119E. 83 - -=Liakov Island=, Siberia. 76N. 148E. 95 - -=Liangan=, Philippine Islands. 9N. 126E. 77 - -=Liant, Cape=, Siam. 13N. 101E. 71 - -=Liao-ho=, China. 42N. 123E. 83 - -=Liao-tie-shan Chan=, China. 39N. 121E. 83 - -=Liao-tung=, Manchuria. 40N. 123E. 90 - -=Liao-yang=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. 90 - -=Lien=, China. 25N. 113E. 85 - -=Lien River=, China. 28N. 112E. 84 - -=Lien-chau=, China. 21N. 109E. 84 - -=Lien-hwa=, China. 26N. 114E. 85 - -=Lien-kiang=, China. 26N. 120E. 85 - -=Lien-ping=, China. 24N. 114E. 85 - -=Lien-shan=, China. 25N. 112E. 84 - -=Ligor, Isthmus of=, Malay Pen. 8N. 100E. 71 - -=Lilma=, Rajputana. 26N. 70E. 59 - -=Li-ma Island=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Limri=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. 56 - -=Lin=, China. 38N. 111E. 82 - -=Linao B.=, Philippine Islands. 7E. 124E. 77 - -=Linapacan=, Philippine Is. 11N. 120E. 77 - -=Linawara=, Bombay. 23N. 74E. 56 - -=Lindsay=, East Indies. 20N. 140E. 75 - -=Ling=, China. 26N. 114E. 85 - -=Ling=, China. 38N. 106E. 82 - -=Linga Island=, East Indies. 0. 105E. 74 - -=Lingah=, Persia. 26N. 55E. 45 - -=Lingayen=, Philippine Is. 16N. 120E. 77 - -=Lingayen B.=, Philippine Is. 16N. 120E. 77 - -=Ling-kiang River=, China. 29N. 111E. 84 - -=Ling-shui=, China. 19N. 110E. 84 - -=Ling-shui Bay=, China. 19N. 110E. 84 - -=Lingsugur=, Haidarabad. 16N. 77E. 62 - -=Ling-tsing=, China. 37N. 116E. 83 - -=Lin-kao=, China. 20N. 110E. 84 - -=Linkhera=, Bombay. 23N. 74E. 56 - -=Lin-kiang=, China. 28N. 115E. 85 - -=Linping=, China. 31N. 120E. 85 - -=Lio-yang=, China. 33N. 106E. 82 - -=Li-ping=, China. 26N. 109E. 84 - -=Li-po=, China. 25N. 108E. 84 - -=Li-shin River=, China. 29N. 112E. 84 - -=Liu-chau=, China. 24N. 109E. 84 - -=Liu-kiang River=, China. 25N. 109E. 84 - -=Liu Kiu Is.=, East Indies. 25N. 126E. 75 - -=Liu-ngan=, China. 32N. 116E. 85 - -=Liu-pa=, China. 34N. 107E. 82 - -=Liu-pin Pass=, China. 35N. 106E. 82 - -=Liu-pin-shan=, China. 36N. 106E. 82 - -=Llao-hsi=, China. 41N. 121E. 83 - -=Lo-cheng=, China. 25N. 109E. 84 - -=Lo-chwan=, China. 36N. 109E. 82 - -=Lodhran=, Punjab. 30N. 72E. 58 - -=Loey=, Siam. 18N. 102E. 70 - -=Lo-fu=, China. 25N. 107E. 84 - -=Lohaia=, Arabia. 16N. 43E. 44 - -=Lo-ho=, China. 35N. 109E. 82 - -=Lo-ho=, China. 35N. 112E. 82 - -=Loikaw=, Burma. 20N. 97E. 67 - -=Lo-jung=, China. 24N. 110E. 84 - -=Lo-ling=, China. 38N. 117E. 83 - -=Lo-ma-hu=, China. 34N. 118E. 83 - -=Lomblen Is.=, East Indies. 8S. 123E. 75 - -=Lombok=, East Indies. 9S. 116E. 74 - -=Lombok Strait=, East Indies. 9S. 116E. 76 - -=Lo-min=, China. 21N. 110E. 84 - -=Londa=, Bombay. 16N. 74E. 57 - -=Londang=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Long Island=, East Indies. 5S. 147E. 75 - -=Long Strait=, Siberia. 70N. 180E. 95 - -=Lopatka, Cape=, Siberia. 51N. 157E. 95 - -=Lopburi=, Siam. 15N. 101E. 71 - -=Lo-ping=, China. 25N. 104E. 84 - -=Lora River=, Afghanistan. 30N. 65E. 45 - -=Loralai=, Punjab. 30N. 69E. 58 - -=Lord North Is.=, East Indies. 4N. 131E. 75 - -=Los Jardines=, East Indies. 22N. 150E. 75 - -=Loth=, Arabia. 20N. 41E. 44 - -=Lo-ting=, China. 23N. 111E. 84 - -=Lo-ting=, China. 39N. 119E. 83 - -=Lo-to-kan-tsze=, Manchuria. 44N. 129E. 90 - -=Loughborough Is.=, Burma. 10N. 98E. 71 - -=Lu=, China. 29N. 106E. 84 - -=Lu=, China. 36N. 113E. 83 - -=Luang Prabang=, Indo-China. 20N. 102E. 70 - -=Lubang Is.=, Philippine Is. 14N. 120E. 77 - -=Lubok Serampang=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Lubuk Batu=, Sumatra. 1N. 101E. 69 - -=Lu-chau=, China. 32N. 117E. 85 - -=Luckimpur=, Assam. 27N. 94E. 67 - -[*]=Lucknow=, United Provs. 27N. 81E. 60 - -=Ludhiana=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. 58 - -=Lu-feng=, China. 23N. 116E. 85 - -=Lughi=, Indo-China. 11N. 108E. 71 - -=Lulfabad=, Persia. 37N. 59E. 45 - -=Lumut=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 68 - -=Lung-chau=, China. 22N. 107E. 84 - -=Lung-ching-tsun=, Manchuria. 43N. 128E. 90 - -=Lung-kiang River=, China. 24N. 109E. 84 - -=Lung-kou=, China. 38N. 120E. 83 - -=Lung-men=, China. 36N. 110E. 82 - -=Lung-men=, China. 24N. 114E. 85 - -=Lung-men-kau=, China. 35N. 115E. 83 - -=Lung-ngan=, China. 32N. 104E. 82 - -=Lungu=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 100E. 68 - -=Lung-yen=, China. 25N. 117E. 85 - -=Luni River=, Rajputana. 25N. 71E. 59 - -=Lunkaransar=, Rajputana. 29N. 74E. 59 - -=Luristan=, Persia. 34N. 47 - -=Lushai Hills=, Burma. 24N. 93E. 61 - -=Lu-shan Mountain=, China. 29N. 116E. 85 - -=Lu-shi=, China. 34N. 111E. 82 - -=Lusi=, Java. 7S. 111E. 76 - -=Lut Desert=, Persia. 31N. 58E. 45 - -=Lu-tien=, China. 27N. 104E. 84 - -=Luzon=, Philippine Islands. 16N. 121E. 77 - -=Lwan=, China. 40N. 119E. 83 - -=Lwan-ho=, China. 41N. 117E. 83 - -=Lyallpur=, Punjab. 31N. 73E. 58 - -=Lydda=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - - -=Macajalar B.=, Philippine Is. 9N. 125E. 77 - -[*]=Macao=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Macassar=, East Indies. 5S. 119E. 74 - -=Macassar, Str. of=, E. Indies. 0. 119E. 74 - -=McCluer Inlet=, East Indies. 2S. 131E. 75 - -=Mach=, Baluchistan. 30N. 67E. 58 - -=Mackau Island=, Korea. 35N. 125E. 90 - -=Macton Is.=, Philippine Is. 10N. 124E. 77 - -=Madawatchi=, Ceylon. 9N. 80E. 63 - -=Madeya=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Madgiri=, Mysore. 14N. 77E. 63 - -=Madhawipalem=, Madras. 16N. 82E. 62 - -=Madhupur=, Bengal. 24N. 87E. 61 - -=Madinn=, Java. 8S. 112E. 76 - -[*]=Madras=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -=Madura=, Madras. 10N. 78E. 63 - -=Madura=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Madura Strait=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Magahan=, Rajputana. 29N. 74E. 59 - -=Magdala=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Maghribi=, Sind. 24N. 68E. 59 - -=Magwe=, Burma. 20N. 95E. 67 - -=Mahamonec=, Burma. 21N. 93E. 67 - -=Mahanadi River=, Bengal. 20N. 86E. 60 - -=Mahanaim=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Mahavilla River=, Ceylon. 8N. 81E. 63 - -=Mahbubnagar=, Haidarabad. 17N. 78E. 62 - -=Mahdi River=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -[*]=Mahe=, Madras. 12N. 76E. 63 - -=Mahim=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. 57 - -=Mahore=, Haidarabad. 20N. 78E. 62 - -=Mahran=, Persia. 35N. 49E. 47 - -=Maia River=, Siberia. 58N. 136E. 95 - -=Maiaco=, East Indies. 25N. 124E. 75 - -=Mai-ko River=, Manchuria. 46N. 129E. 90 - -=Maimana=, Afghanistan. 36N. 65E. 45 - -=Maing-Kaing=, Burma. 22N. 98E. 67 - -=Maingkat=, Burma. 23N. 98E. 67 - -=Maingkyeng=, Burma. 23N. 99E. 67 - -=Maing-long=, Burma. 23N. 97E. 67 - -=Maingma=, Burma. 23N. 98E. 67 - -=Maingnaung=, Burma. 22N. 98E. 67 - -=Maingpan=, Burma. 20N. 99E. 67 - -=Maingpat=, Burma. 23N. 98E. 67 - -=Maingpon=, Burma. 21N. 98E. 67 - -=Maingpyin=, Burma. 21N. 97E. 67 - -=Maingsat=, Burma. 21N. 99E. 67 - -=Maingshu=, Burma. 22N. 99E. 67 - -=Mainpuri=, United Provs. 27N. 79E. 60 - -=Maisana=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. 56 - -=Makallah=, Arabia. 15N. 49E. 44 - -=Makhlaf=, Arabia. 18N. 45E. 44 - -=Makhowal=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. 58 - -=Ma-kia-ho=, China. 38N. 118E. 83 - -=Makkarinupuri=, Japan. 42N. 141E. 88 - -=Makrai=, Central Provs. 22N. 78E. 60 - -=Makri=, Asia Minor. 36N. 29E. 46 - -=Maktal=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Maku=, Persia. 39N. 45E. 47 - -=Makum=, Assam. 28N. 96E. 67 - -=Malabar=, Java. 7S. 107E. 76 - -=Malabar Coast=, Madras. 12N. 75E. 63 - -=Malacca=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Malacca Strait=, E. Indies. 3N. 100E. 74 - -=Malakand=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N.72E. 58 - -=Malakwal=, Punjab. 32N. 73E. 58 - -=Malalayor, Cape=, Borneo. 4S. 114E. 76 - -=Malampaya B.= (=Palawan Is.=), Philippine Islands. - 11N. 119E. 77 - -=Malang=, Java. 8S. 113E. 76 - -=Malanud Kot=, Punjab. 30N. 71E. 58 - -[*]=Malatiyeh=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 38E. 47 - -=Malay Pen.=, East Indies. 10N. 100E. 74 - -=Mal Bazar=, Bengal. 27N. 89E. 61 - -=Maldah=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. 61 - -=Male=, Burma. 23N. 96E. 67 - -=Maler Katla=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. 58 - -=Malhou Is.=, Philippine Is. 11N. 124E. 77 - -=Mali-Kha River=, Burma. 26N. 98E. 67 - -=Malin=, Burma. 26N. 95E. 67 - -=Malkher=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Malki=, Madras. 13N. 75E. 63 - -=Mallia=, Bombay. 23N. 71E. 56 - -=Malligaum=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. 56 - -=Malucca Passage=, E. Indies. 0. 126E. 75 - -=Malwan=, Bombay. 16N. 73E. 57 - -=Mamures=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 39E. 47 - -=Manaar=, Ceylon. 9N. 80E. 63 - -=Manaar, Gulf of=, Madras. 9N. 79E. 63 - -=Manantaudi=, Madras. 12N. 76E. 63 - -=Manasseh=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Man-aung Island=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Mancheri=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -[*]=Mandalay=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Mandan River=, Sumatra. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Mandarin Road=, Indo-China. 17N. 107E. 70 - -=Mandarin's Cap.=, China. 21N. 113E. 84 - -=Mandelika,= Java. 6S. 111E. 76 - -=Mandella=, Borneo. 3S. 116E. 76 - -=Mandlah=, Central Provs. 22N. 80E. 60 - -=Mandvi=, Bombay. 23N. 69E. 56 - -=Mandwa=, Bombay. 22N. 70E. 56 - -[*]=Mangalore=, Madras. 13N. 75E. 63 - -=Mangalpur=, Bombay. 21N. 70E. 56 - -=Mangampet=, Haidarabad. 18N. 80E. 62 - -=Manikpur=, N.W. Provinces. 25N. 82E. 60 - -[*]=Manila=, Philippine Islands. 15N. 121E. 77 - -=Manipur=, Assam. 25N. 94E. 67 - -=Manipur River=, Burma. 24N. 94E. 67 - -[*]=Manissa=, Asia Minor. 39N. 27E. 46 - -=Maniyachi=, Madras. 9N. 78E. 63 - -=Manjerra R.=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. 62 - -=Mankera=, Punjab. 31N. 71E. 58 - -=Manmad=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. 56 - -=Mannagur=, Haidarabad. 18N. 81E. 62 - -=Mannargudi=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Mansak=, Burma. 23N. 99E. 67 - -=Mansaraur, Lake=, Thibet. 31N. 81E. 60 - -=Mantalingajan Mt.=, Philippine Is. 8N. 118E. 77 - -=Mantotottama=, Ceylon. 9N. 80E. 63 - -=Manus Island=, 2S. 146E. 75 - -=Maon=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Mao-shan=, Manchuria. 45N. 127E. 90 - -=Maragah=, Persia. 38N. 46E. 47 - -=Marand=, Persia. 39N. 46E. 47 - -=Marash=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 37E. 46 - -=Marat=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E. 59 - -=Mardan=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Mardin=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 41E. 47 - -=Mardodi=, Haidarabad. 18N. 79E. 62 - -=Marella=, Madras. 15N. 80E. 62 - -=Mareshah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Margaum=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Margelan=, Turkestan. 41N. 72E. 45 - -=Mari=, Punjab. 33N. 72E. 58 - -=Mari River=, Sind. 28N. 69E. 59 - -=Mariani=, Assam. 27N. 94E. 67 - -=Marianne Is.=, East Indies. 17N. 143E. 75 - -=Marianne Strait=, E. Indies. 8S. 139E. 75 - -=Marikuppam=, Mysore. 13N. 78E. 63 - -=Marimsk=, Siberia. 56N. 88E. 94 - -=Marinduque Is.=, Philippine Is. 13N. 122E. 77 - -=Marmara, Sea of=, Asia Minor. 41N. 28E. 46 - -=Marmarice=, Asia Minor. 37N. 28E. 46 - -=Marri Country=, Baluchistan. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Marshall Is.=, East Indies. 22N. 150E. 75 - -=Marsiwan=, Asia Minor. 41N. 35E. 46 - -=Martaban=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -=Martaban, Gulf of=, Burma. 16N. 97E. 67 - -=Martapura=, Borneo. 4S. 115E. 76 - -=Marudha=, Turkestan. 36N. 62E. 45 - -=Marugame=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Marunsk=, Siberia. 52N. 140E. 95 - -=Marwar Junc.=, Rajputana. 26N. 74E. 59 - -=Masada=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 13 - -=Masampo=, Korea. 35N. 128E. 90 - -=Masbate Is.=, Philippine Is. 12N. 124E. 77 - -=Mascat=, Arabia. 24N. 59E. 45 - -=Mashake=, Japan. 43N. 142E. 88 - -=Mashaki=, Afghanistan. 33N. 68E. 58 - -=Mastung=, Baluchistan. 30N. 67E. 58 - -[*]=Masulipatam=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Mataram=, Lombok. 8S. 116E. 76 - -=Matella=, Ceylon. 8N. 81E. 63 - -=Ma-tien=, China. 36N. 108E. 82 - -=Ma-tsu=, China. 26N. 120E. 85 - -=Matsumoto=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Matsusaka=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Matsushiro=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=Matsuyama=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -[*]=Matsuye=, Japan. 36N. 133E. 91 - -=Mattancheri=, Madras. 10N. 76E. 63 - -=Matun=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Matura=, Ceylon. 6N. 81E. 63 - -=Matutum Mt.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 125E. 77 - -=Matuva=, Borneo. 3S. 111E. 76 - -=Mau=, China. 32N. 104E. 84 - -=Maubin=, Burma. 17N. 96E. 67 - -=Maukadaw=, Burma. 23N. 95E. 67 - -=Maukme=, Burma. 20N. 98E. 67 - -=Maulia=, Rajputana. 27N. 77E. 59 - -=Maulmein=, Burma. 16N. 98E. 67 - -=Maung-daw=, Burma. 21N. 92E. 67 - -=Maung Mai=, Siam. 19N. 99E. 70 - -=Maung Nan=, Siam. 19N. 101E. 70 - -=Maung Prai=, Siam. 18N. 100E. 70 - -=Maurits Reef, P.=, E. Indies. 6S. 116E. 76 - -=Mawlu=, Burma. 24N. 96E. 67 - -=Mayait L.=, Philippine Is. 10N. 125E. 77 - -=Mayavaram=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Mayehashi=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Mayhlaung=, Siam. 13N. 100E. 71 - -=Mayo Bay=, Philippine Is. 7N. 126E. 77 - -=Mayon=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 127E. 77 - -=Mayu River=, Burma. 20N. 93E. 67 - -=Mazanderan=, Persia. 36N. 52E. 45 - -=Meakantake Island=, Japan. 43N. 144E. 88 - -=Mears=, East Indies. 24N. 147E. 75 - -[*]=Mecca=, Arabia. 21N. 40E. 44 - -=Me-che=, Burma. 19N. 98E. 67 - -=Medak=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Medebah=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Medina=, Arabia. 25N. 40E. 44 - -[*]=Meerut=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. 59 - -=Meester Cornelis=, Java. 6S. 107E. 76 - -=Meezan=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -[*]=Megiddo=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Megna River=, Bengal. 23N. 90E. 61 - -=Mehkar=, Berar. 20N. 76E. 60 - -=Mei=, China. 30N. 104E. 84 - -=Mei=, China. 34N. 108E. 82 - -=Mei-kiang River=, China. 24N. 116E. 85 - -=Meiktila=, Burma. 21N. 96E. 67 - -=Mei-ling Mountain=, China. 25N. 114E. 85 - -=Me Ing=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Meis=, Asia Minor. 36N. 29E. 46 - -=Mei-tan=, China. 28N. 108E. 84 - -=Me Khoke=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Me-klong=, Siam. 13N. 100E. 71 - -=Me-kong River=, Indo-China. 10N. 106E. 70 - -=Mekran=, Baluchistan. 25N. 62E. 45 - -=Melasgerd=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 42E. 47 - -=Melkapur=, Berar. 21N. 76E. 56 - -=Melsir=, Rajputana. 29N. 74E. 59 - -=Me Lu=, Siam. 20N. 100E. 70 - -=Melu Prey=, Indo-China. 14N. 105E. 71 - -=Menado=, East Indies. 2N. 125E. 75 - -=Menam=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Menama=, Arabia. 26N. 51E. 45 - -=Menam-kway-nauna=, Siam. 13N. 100E. 71 - -=Me Nam Wang=, Siam. 17N. 99E. 70 - -=Menam Yome=, Siam. 16N. 100E. 70 - -=Menara, River=, Malay Pen. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Mendawe=, Borneo. 3S. 113E. 76 - -[*]=Menderes River=, Asia Minor. 38N. 28E. 46 - -=Meng-cheng=, China. 33N. 117E. 83 - -=Meng-yin=, China. 36N. 118E. 83 - -=Mentawei Is.=, East Indies. 2S. 98E. 74 - -=Menyo=, Burma. 18N. 96E. 67 - -=Me Ping=, Siam. 16N. 100E. 70 - -=Merapi Mount=, Java. 8S. 111E. 76 - -=Merbau=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Mergui=, Burma. 12N. 98E. 71 - -=Mergui Archipelago.= 12N. 98E. 71 - -=Merom, Waters of=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Mersina=, Asia Minor. 37N. 35E. 46 - -[*]=Merta=, Rajputana. 27N. 74E. 59 - -=Merta Road=, Rajputana. 27N. 74E. 59 - -=Meru Bay=, Java. 9S. 114E. 76 - -[*]=Merv=, Turkestan. 38N. 62E. 45 - -=Merwara=, Rajputana. 26N. 74E. 59 - -=Mesana=, Bombay. 24N. 72E. 56 - -=Mesandum, Cape=, Arabia. 26N. 56E. 45 - -[*]=Meshed=, Persia. 36N. 59E. 45 - -=Meskineh=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 38E. 47 - -=Mesopotamia=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 40E. 47 - -=Mettapolliam=, Madras, 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Meyhere=, Central India. 24N. 81E. 60 - -=Miandoab=, Persia. 37N. 46E. 47 - -=Miani=, Bombay. 22N. 69E. 56 - -=Miankalai=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 72E. 58 - -=Mianwali=, Punjab. 33N. 71E. 58 - -=Miao-tao Island=, China. 38N. 121E. 83 - -=Michailovsk=, Turkestan. 40N. 54E. 45 - -[*]=Michmash=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Middle Island=, Malay Pen. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Midnapore=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. 61 - -=Midzusawa=, Japan. 39N. 141E. 88 - -=Mien=, China. 31N. 105E. 84 - -=Mien-yang=, China. 30N. 113E. 85 - -=Mihara=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Miharu=, Japan. 37N. 141E. 91 - -=Mikawa=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Mikuni Toge=, Japan. 37N. 139E. 91 - -=Mikura Shima=, Japan. 34N. 140E. 91 - -=Milasa=, Asia Minor. 37N. 28E. 46 - -=Mimasaka=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Min=, China. 34N. 104E. 82 - -=Minahassa=, East Indies. 1N. 124E. 75 - -=Minato=, Japan. 36N. 141E. 91 - -=Minato=, Japan. 40N. 142E. 88 - -=Minbu=, Burma. 20N. 95E. 67 - -=Mindanao=, East Indies. 8N. 124E. 75 - -=Mindoro Is.=, Philippine Is. 13N. 121E. 77 - -=Mindoro Str.=, Philippine Is. 13N. 121E. 77 - -=Mingin=, Burma. 23N. 94E. 67 - -=Minhla=, Burma. 18N. 96E. 67 - -=Min-ho River=, China. 29N. 105E. 84 - -=Min-kiang River=, China. 26N. 119E. 85 - -=Mino=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Min-tsing=, China. 26N. 119E. 85 - -=Miraj=, Bombay. 17N. 75E. 57 - -=Miran Shah=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Miri=, Baluchistan. 26N. 63E. 45 - -=Mirkhan Tana=, Sind. 26N. 68E. 59 - -=Mirpur=, Kashmir. 33N. 74E. 58 - -=Mirpur=, Sind. 25N. 68E. 59 - -=Mirpur=, Sind. 25N. 69E. 59 - -=Mirs Bay=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Mirzapur=, N.W. Provinces. 25N. 82E. 60 - -=Misol Island=, East Indies. 2S. 130E. 75 - -=Misumi=, Japan. 33N. 131E. 89 - -=Mithan Kot=, Punjab. 29N. 70E. 59 - -=Mito=, Japan. 36N. 141E. 91 - -=Mitsuna-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 25N. 124E. 89 - -=Mitta=, Punjab. 32N. 72E. 58 - -[*]=Mityleni=, Asia Minor. 39N. 27E. 46 - -=Miyagam=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Miyaka Shima=, Japan. 34N. 140E. 91 - -=Miyako=, Japan. 40N. 142E. 88 - -=Miyako Is.=, Lu-Chu Island. 24N. 126E. 89 - -=Miyakoshima=, Lu-Chu Is. 25N. 125E. 89 - -=Miyazaki=, Japan. 32N. 131E. 89 - -=Miyoshi=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Mi-yun=, China. 40N. 117E. 83 - -=Moa=, East Indies. 8S. 128E. 75 - -=Mobarakpur=, Punjab. 30N. 73E. 58 - -=Mocha=, Arabia. 13N. 43E. 44 - -=Modeste Island.= 35N. 125E. 90 - -=Mogami River=, Japan. 39N. 140E. 88 - -=Mogaung=, Burma. 25N. 97E. 67 - -=Moghal Sarai=, United Provs. 25N. 83E. 60 - -=Mogok=, Burma. 23N. 96E. 67 - -=Mohammerah=, Persia. 30N. 48E. 47 - -=Mohangarh=, Rajputana. 27N. 71E. 59 - -=Moi=, Indo-China. 19N. 102E. 70 - -=Moirang=, Assam. 24N. 94E. 67 - -=Mois=, Indo-China. 15N. 108E. 70 - -=Mojarh=, Punjab. 29N. 72E. 59 - -=Moji=, Japan. 34N. 131E. 89 - -=Mojma=, Arabia. 26N. 46E. 44 - -=Molangur=, Haidarabad. 18N. 79E. 62 - -=Mollacallamuru=, Mysore. 15N. 77E. 62 - -=Molpo=, Korea. 35N. 126E. 90 - -=Molsi=, Punjab. 30N. 72E. 58 - -=Moluccas=, East Indies. 3S. 127E. 75 - -=Mombetsu=, Japan. 44N. 143E. 88 - -=Momeit=, Burma. 23N. 97E. 67 - -=Mominabad=, Haidarabad. 19N. 76E. 62 - -=Monda=, Rajputana. 26N. 74E. 59 - -=Mone=, Burma. 20N. 98E. 67 - -=Mong-cy=, Indo-China. 21N. 108E. 70 - -[*]=Monghyr=, Bengal. 25N. 86E. 61 - -=Monhyin=, Burma. 25N. 97E. 67 - -=Montgomery=, Punjab. 31N. 73E. 58 - -=Montgomery Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 27N. 128E. 89 - -=Monywa=, Burma. 22N. 95E. 67 - -=Mopani=, Central Provs. 23N. 79E. 60 - -=Moradabad=, United Provs. 29N. 79E. 60 - -=Morbat=, Arabia. 17N. 55E. 45 - -=Moresly Port=, East Indies. 10S. 146E. 75 - -=Moresses Island=, E. Indies. 4S. 116E. 76 - -=Mori=, Japan. 42N. 141E. 88 - -=Morioka=, Japan. 40N. 141E. 88 - -=Mormugao=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Morne, Cape=, China. 19N. 109E. 84 - -=Mororan=, Japan. 42N. 141E. 88 - -=Morotai Island.= 3N. 129E. 75 - -=Morvi=, Bombay. 23N. 71E. 56 - -=Moscos Island=, Burma. 14N. 97E. 71 - -=Moseirah Island=, Arabia. 20N. 59E. 45 - -[*]=Mosul=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 43E. 47 - -=Mo-tien-ling=, Manchuria. 41N. 124E. 90 - -=Motihara=, Bengal. 27N. 85E. 60 - -=Motoyoshi=, Japan. 39N. 142E. 88 - -=Moyoro=, Japan. 42N. 143E. 88 - -=Mozuffurabad=, Kashmir. 34N. 73E. 58 - -=Muakhom=, Burma. 26N. 97E. 67 - -=Mualitch=, Asia Minor. 40N. 28E. 46 - -=Muang Ang Tong=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Muang Fang=, Siam. 20N. 99E. 70 - -=Muanglem=, Burma. 22N. 99E. 67 - -=Muang Lim=, Burma. 21N. 100E. 67 - -=Muang Lom=, Siam. 17N. 101E. 70 - -=Muang Ta=, Burma. 20N. 99E. 67 - -=Muang Yong=, Burma. 21N. 100E. 67 - -=Muar River=, Malay Pen. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Mubarriz=, Arabia. 26N. 50E. 44 - -=Muda River=, Malay Pen. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Mudamatt River=, Bengal. 22N. 90E. 61 - -=Mudera=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. 62 - -=Mudgul=, Haidarabad. 16N. 76E. 62 - -=Muding=, Asia Minor. 41N. 29E. 46 - -=Mudki=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. 58 - -=Mugla=, Asia Minor. 37N. 28E. 46 - -=Mu-ju=, Korea. 36N. 128E. 90 - -[*]=Mukden=, Manchuria. 42N. 124E. 90 - -=Mulapumok=, Indo-China. 14N. 107E. 71 - -=Mulda=, Central Provs. 23N. 82E. 60 - -[*]=Multan=, Punjab. 30N. 71E. 58 - -=Munapaud=, Madras. 8N. 78E. 63 - -=Mundra=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. 56 - -=Mungulvera=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. 57 - -=Muntok=, East Indies. 2S. 105E. 74 - -=Muradkot=, Punjab. 28N. 71E. 59 - -=Murad su=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 40E. 47 - -=Murakami=, Japan. 38N. 139E. 88 - -=Muren=, Manchuria. 44N. 130E. 90 - -=Murghab=, Persia. 30N. 53E. 45 - -=Murghab River=, Turkestan. 36N. 62E. 45 - -=Muria Mountain=, Java. 6S. 111E. 76 - -=Muroto Cape=, Japan. 33N. 134E. 91 - -=Murri=, Punjab. 34N. 73E. 58 - -[*]=Murshidabad=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. 61 - -=Musa Khel=, Baluchistan. 31N. 70E. 58 - -=Mu-sang=, Korea. 42N. 129E. 90 - -=Musashi=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -[*]=Mush=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 42E. 47 - -=Musi River=, Haidarabad. 17N. 80E. 62 - -=Mussuri=, United Provs. 30N. 78E. 60 - -=Mutan-kiang R.=, Manchuria. 46N. 129E. 90 - -=Mutapet=, Madras. 10N. 80E. 63 - -=Mutri=, Baluchistan. 29N. 68E. 59 - -=Muttra=, Arabia. 24N. 59E. 45 - -[*]=Muttra=, United Provs. 27N. 78E. 59 - -=Muzaffargarh=, Punjab. 30N. 71E. 58 - -=Muzaffarnaggar=, United Provs. 29N. 78E. 60 - -=Muzaffarpur=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. 60 - -=Myadaung=, Burma. 24N. 96E. 67 - -=Myanaung=, Burma. 18N. 95E. 67 - -=Myaunguya=, Burma. 17N. 95E. 67 - -=Myawaddy=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -=Myedu=, Burma. 23N. 95E. 67 - -=Myeng=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -=Myingyan=, Burma. 22N. 95E. 67 - -=Myitkyina=, Burma. 25N. 98E. 67 - -=Myo-haung=, Burma. 21N. 93E. 67 - -=Myotha=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Myra=, Asia Minor. 36N. 30E. 46 - -=Mysore=, Mysore. 12N. 77E. 63 - -=Mytho=, Indo-China. 10N. 106E. 71 - - -=Na=, Siam. 17N. 99E. 70 - -=Naashahra=, Punjab. 28N. 70E. 59 - -=Na-Cham=, China. 22N. 107E. 84 - -=Nada=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=Nadaun=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. 58 - -=Nafa=, Lu-Chu Islands. 26N. 128E. 89 - -=Naga=, Philippine Islands. 14N. 124E. 77 - -=Naga Hills=, Assam. 26N. 95E. 67 - -=Nagano=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=Nagaoka=, Japan. 37N. 139E. 91 - -[*]=Nagar=, Mysore. 14N. 75E. 63 - -=Nagar Karnul=, Haidarabad. 16N. 78E. 62 - -=Nagar Parkar=, Sind. 24N. 71E. 59 - -[*]=Nagasaki=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -=Naga-shima=, Japan. 32N. 130E. 89 - -=Nagathana=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=Nagawalli, River=, Madras. 18N. 84E. 62 - -=Nagercoil=, Madras. 8N. 77E. 63 - -=Nagor=, Rajputana. 27N. 74E. 59 - -=Nagoya=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Nagpur=, Bengal. 23N. 86E. 61 - -[*]=Nagpur=, Central Provinces. 21N. 79E. 60 - -[*]=Nain=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Nain River=, Sind. 28N. 69E. 59 - -=Naini Tal=, United Provs. 29N. 79E. 60 - -=Naipalgang=, United Provs. 28N. 81E. 60 - -=Nakano-shima=, Japan. 30N. 130E. 89 - -=Nakatorishima=, Japan. 33N. 129E. 89 - -=Nakatsu=, Japan. 34N. 131E. 89 - -=Nakatsugawa=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Naki Shima=, Japan. 36N. 133E. 91 - -=Nakon Sawan=, Siam. 16N. 100E. 70 - -=Naldurg=, Haidarabad. 18N. 76E. 62 - -=Na-le=, Indo-China. 19N. 102E. 70 - -=Nalgonda=, Haidarabad. 17N. 79E. 62 - -=Nalhati=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. 61 - -=Nambu-shoto Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 24N. 126E. 89 - -=Nam-dinh=, Indo-China. 20N. 106E. 70 - -=Namine=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Namiteruma Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 24N. 124E. 89 - -=Namkal Droog=, Madras. 11N. 78E. 63 - -=Namka River=, Burma. 22N. 97E. 67 - -=Nam Kho River=, Burma. 22N. 99E. 67 - -=Nam Lui=, Burma. 21N. 101E. 67 - -=Nam-maw River=, Burma. 24N. 96E. 67 - -=Namonuito=, East Indies. 9N. 150E. 75 - -=Nam Pat=, Siam. 17N. 100E. 70 - -=Nam Si=, Siam. 15N. 105E. 70 - -=Nana=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. 59 - -=Nanao=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Nanatsu Shima=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Nan-chang=, China. 28N. 116E. 85 - -=Nan-chwan=, China. 29N. 107E. 84 - -=Nandadebi=, United Provs. 30N. 80E. 60 - -=Nandair=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Nanderbar=, Bombay. 21N. 74E. 56 - -=Nandgaon=, Central Provs. 21N. 81E. 60 - -[*]=Nandidrug=, Mysore. 13N. 78E. 63 - -=Naneh=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. 57 - -=Nan-feng=, China. 27N. 116E. 85 - -=Nangamessi=, East Indies. 10S. 120E. 74 - -=Nan-hai-do=, Korea. 35N. 128E. 90 - -=Nan-hsung=, China. 25N. 114E. 85 - -=Nan-hu=, Manchuria. 44N. 129E. 90 - -=Nanjangad=, Mysore. 12N. 77E. 63 - -=Nankaido=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Nan-kang=, China. 29N. 116E. 85 - -=Nan-kau Mts.=, China. 40N. 115E. 83 - -=Nan-ki=, China. 29N. 105E. 84 - -=Nan-kiang=, China. 32N. 107E. 82 - -=Nan-ki Island=, China. 27N. 121E. 85 - -[*]=Nan-king=, China. 32N. 119E. 85 - -=Nan-kwan=, China. 27N. 120E. 85 - -=Nan-ling=, China. 25N. 112E. 84 - -=Nan-ling=, China. 31N. 118E. 85 - -=Nan Mun=, Siam. 15N. 104E. 70 - -=Nan-ngan=, China. 26N. 114E. 85 - -=Nan-ngan Island=, China. 23N. 117E. 85 - -=Nan-ning=, China. 23N. 108E. 84 - -=Nan-shan=, China. 22N. 110E. 84 - -=Nan-yang=, China. 33N. 113E. 82 - -=Naoyetsu=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=Napa=, East Indies. 26N. 128E. 75 - -=Naphtali=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Nara=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Narabet=, Bombay. 24N. 71E. 56 - -=Narbada River=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Narglah=, Rajputana. 25N. 77E. 59 - -=Nariad=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -[*]=Narnaul=, Punjab. 28N. 76E. 59 - -=Narra River=, Sind. 27N. 69E. 59 - -=Narrulah=, Central Provs. 20N. 83E. 60 - -=Narsinghgarh=, Central India. 24N. 77E. 60 - -=Narsingpur=, Central Provs. 23N. 79E. 60 - -=Naryn=, Asiatic Russia. 42N. 74E. 94 - -=Nase=, Lu-Chu Islands. 20N. 129E. 89 - -=Nasera=, Bombay. 17N. 75E. 57 - -[*]=Nasik=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. 57 - -=Nasirabad=, Bengal. 25N. 90E. 61 - -=Nasirabad=, Bombay. 21N. 76E. 56 - -=Nasirabad=, Rajputana. 26N. 75E. 59 - -=Nassau Is.=, East Indies. 3S. 100E. 74 - -=Natal=, East Indies, 1N. 99E. 74 - -=Natmouk=, Burma. 20N. 95E. 67 - -=Natu=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 100E. 68 - -=Natuna Island=, East Indies. 4N. 108E. 74 - -=Naupada=, Madras. 19N. 84E. 62 - -=Nausari=, Sind. 27N. 68E. 59 - -=Navalupitya=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. 63 - -=Navanagar=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. 56 - -=Nawagam=, Madras. 20N. 84E. 62 - -=Naya Dumka=, Bengal. 24N. 87E. 61 - -=Nayor=, Japan. 43N. 142E. 88 - -[*]=Nazareth=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Nebo, Mount=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Nefud=, Arabia. 25N. 43E. 44 - -=Nefud= or =Dahna=, Arabia. 25N. 48E. 44 - -=Nefud Desert=, Arabia. 29N. 42E. 44 - -[*]=Negapatam=, Madras, 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Negara=, Bali. 8S. 115E. 76 - -=Negombo=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. 63 - -=Negrais, Cape=, Burma. 16N. 94E. 67 - -=Negros=, Philippine Islands, 10N. 123E. 77 - -=Neh=, Persia. 31N. 60E. 45 - -[*]=Nehavend=, Persia. 34N. 48E. 47 - -=Nehbandan Mts.=, Persia. 30N. 60E. 45 - -=Nehbendan=, Persia. 32N. 58E. 45 - -=Nejd=, Arabia. 26N. 45E. 44 - -=Nejef=, Turkey in Asia. 32N. 44E. 47 - -=Nejran Jauf=, Arabia. 18N. 46E. 44 - -[*]=Nellore=, Madras. 14N. 80E. 62 - -[*]=Nertchinsk=, Siberia. 52N. 117E. 95 - -=Netrawati River=, Madras. 13N. 75E. 63 - -=Neumuro=, Japan. 43N. 145E. 88 - -=Neun=, Indo-China. 19N. 104E. 70 - -=Neung-ju=, Korea. 35N. 126E. 90 - -=Nevshehr=, Asia Minor. 38N. 34E. 46 - -=New Chaman=, Punjab. 31N. 67E. 58 - -=New Guinea=, East Indies. 5S. 141E. 75 - -=New Pind Sultani=, Punjab. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=New Pommern=, East Indies. 6S. 149E. 75 - -=New Siberia Is.=, Siberia. 76N. 148E. 95 - -=Nezib=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Ngai=, Siam. 20N. 99E. 70 - -=Ngan=, China. 39N. 116E. 83 - -=Ngan-hwa=, China. 28N. 112E. 84 - -=Ngan-hwei=, China. 31N. 117E. 85 - -=Ngan-hwei=, China. 32N. 118E. 83 - -=Ngan-ki=, China. 25N. 118E. 85 - -=Ngan-king=, China. 31N. 117E. 85 - -=Ngan-lu=, China. 31N. 113E. 85 - -=Ngan-nan=, China. 26N. 105E. 84 - -=Ngan-shun=, China. 26N. 106E. 84 - -=Ngan-ting=, China. 36N. 104E. 82 - -=Ngan-ting=, China. 37N. 109E. 82 - -=Ngan-tung=, China. 34N. 119E. 83 - -=Ngan-yo=, China. 30N. 105E. 84 - -=Nga-pu-taw=, Burma. 17N. 95E. 67 - -=Ngen-ping=, China. 22N. 112E. 84 - -=Ngoi=, Indo-China. 21N. 103E. 70 - -=Ngoli=, East Indies. 9N. 137E. 75 - -=Ngo-shan=, China. 36N. 111E. 82 - -=Nha-trang=, Indo-China. 12N. 109E. 71 - -=Nho-Lam=, Indo-China. 22N. 107E. 70 - -=Nhuong Har.=, Indo-China. 18N. 106E. 70 - -=Nias Island=, East Indies, 1N. 97E. 74 - -=Nigde=, Asia Minor. 38N. 35E. 46 - -=Nightingale Is.=, Indo-China. 20N. 108E. 70 - -=Niigata=, Japan. 38N. 139E. 91 - -=Niitakayama=, Formosa. 23N. 121E. 89 - -=Nijni Kamtchatsk=, Siberia. 56N. 164E. 95 - -=Nijni Kolimsk=, Siberia. 68N. 160E. 95 - -=Nijni Udinsk=, Siberia. 55N. 99E. 94 - -[*]=Nikaria=, Asia Minor. 38N. 26E. 46 - -=Nikkomachi=, Japan. 37N. 139E. 91 - -=Nikolaevsk=, Siberia. 54N. 141E. 95 - -=Niksar=, Asia Minor. 41N. 37E. 46 - -=Nilgiri Hills=, Madras, 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Nimach=, Rajputana. 25N. 75E. 59 - -=Nimrud D.=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 42E. 47 - -=Nin-binh=, Indo-China. 20N. 106E. 70 - -[*]=Nineveh=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 43E. 47 - -=Ning=, China. 36N. 108E. 82 - -=Ning-ho=, China. 39N. 118E. 83 - -=Ning-hsia=, China. 38N. 106E. 82 - -=Ning-hwa=, China. 26N. 117E. 85 - -=Ning-kiang=, China. 33N. 106E. 82 - -=Ning-kwo=, China. 31N. 119E. 85 - -[*]=Ning-po=, China. 30N. 121E. 85 - -=Ning-shen=, China. 33N. 109E. 82 - -=Ning-te=, China. 27N. 119E. 85 - -=Ning-tu=, China. 26N. 116E. 85 - -=Ninguta=, Manchuria. 44N. 129E. 90 - -=Ning-wu=, China. 39N. 112E. 82 - -=Ning-yuen=, China. 41N. 121E. 83 - -=Ninh-hoa=, Indo-China. 13N. 109E. 71 - -=Ninh Thuan=, Indo-China. 11N. 109E. 71 - -=Nipani=, Bombay. 16N. 74E. 57 - -=Nira River=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. 57 - -=Nirayama=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Niris Lake=, Persia. 29N. 54E. 45 - -=Nirmal=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. 62 - -[*]=Nishapur=, Persia. 36N. 59E. 45 - -=Nishikata=, Japan. 32N. 130E. 89 - -=Nishio=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Nishi Shima=, Japan. 36N. 133E. 91 - -[*]=Nisibin=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 41E. 47 - -=Nitaka Mountains=, Formosa. 24N. 121E. 89 - -=Nitchbo=, Rajputana. 28N. 75E. 59 - -=Niu-chwang=, Manchuria. 41N. 122E. 90 - -=Nizamabad=, Haidarabad. 19N. 78E. 62 - -=Nizampatnam=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Nmai Kha=, Burma. 27N. 99E. 67 - -=Noagarh=, Central Provinces. 20N. 82E. 60 - -=Nobeoka=, Japan. 33N. 132E. 89 - -=Nong-han=, Siam. 17N. 103E. 70 - -=Nong-khai=, Siam. 18N. 103E. 70 - -=Nong-Son=, Indo-China. 16N. 108E. 70 - -=Nordwick, Gulf of=, Siberia. 74N. 112E. 94 - -=Norot=, China. 43N. 120E. 83 - -=North, Cape=, Siberia. 69N. 180E. 95 - -=North-East Cape=, Siberia. 77N. 102E. 94 - -=North-East Point=, Malay Pen. 9N. 100E. 71 - -=Nor-to Mountains=, China. 42N. 116E. 83 - -=Nosari=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -=Noshiro=, Japan. 40N. 140E. 88 - -=Noto Shima=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Nottam=, East Indies. 2S. 132E. 75 - -=Novgorod=, Siberia. 43N. 131E. 95 - -=Novgorodski=, Manchuria. 43N. 130E. 90 - -=Nowgong=, Assam. 26N. 93E. 67 - -=Nowgong=, Central India. 25N. 80E. 60 - -=Noycund=, Madras, 10N. 77E. 63 - -=Nsentaru=, Burma. 26N. 98E. 67 - -=Nubra=, Kashmir. 35N. 78E. 58 - -=Nubra River=, Kashmir. 34N. 78E. 58 - -=Nudun=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 105E. 82 - -=Nu-hsi River=, China. 27N. 118E. 85 - -=Numazu=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Numi=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Nundijal=, Madras. 16N. 78E. 62 - -=Nushki=, Baluchistan. 30N. 66E. 45 - -=Nusumu=, Madras. 15N. 78E. 62 - -=Nusu Pemida=, East Indies. 9S. 116E. 76 - -=Nutapkanshipe Is.=, Japan. 43N. 144E. 88 - -=Nwangchik=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Nwedaung=, Burma. 20N. 97E. 67 - -=Nyaungywe=, Burma. 21N. 97E. 67 - -=Nysirus=, Asia Minor. 36N. 27E. 46 - - -=Obama=, Japan, 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Obdorsk=, Siberia. 66N. 67E. 94 - -=Obi=, East Indies. 2S. 127E. 75 - -=Obi, Gulf of=, Siberia. 68N. 72E. 94 - -=Obi, River=, Siberia. 66N. 68E. 94 - -=Odate=, Japan. 40N. 141E. 88 - -=Odawara=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Odemish=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. 46 - -=Ogali=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Ogi Cape=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Ogi Minato=, Japan. 38N. 138E. 91 - -=Ohod=, Arabia. 24N. 41E. 44 - -=Ohorji=, Rajputana. 25N. 74E. 59 - -=Oita=, Japan. 33N. 132E. 89 - -=Oka, River=, Siberia. 54N. 102E. 94 - -=Okayama=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Okazaki=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Okhotsk=, Siberia. 60N. 144E. 95 - -=Okhotsk, Sea of=, Siberia. 54N. 150E. 95 - -=Okhut=, Siberia. 56N. 156E. 95 - -=Okinawa-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 27N. 128E. 89 - -=Okinoerabu-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 28N. 129E. 89 - -=Oki Shima=, Japan. 36N. 133E. 91 - -=Okpo=, Burma. 18N. 96E. 67 - -=Okushiri Island=, Japan. 42N. 140E. 88 - -=Okushiri Strait=, Japan. 42N. 140E. 88 - -=Old Kedah=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Olekima, River=, Siberia. 60N. 121E. 95 - -=Olekminsk=, Siberia. 60N. 120E. 95 - -=Olele=, East Indies. 5N. 95E. 74 - -=Olenek River=, Siberia. 68N. 118E. 94 - -=Olgantorsky, Cape=, Siberia. 60N. 170E. 95 - -=Olives, Mount of=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Oman=, Arabia. 23N. 57E. 45 - -=Oman, Gulf of=, Arabia. 25N. 58E. 45 - -=Olympus Mt.=, Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. 46 - -=Ombay Island=, East Indies. 8S. 125E. 75 - -=Omerkot=, Punjab. 29N. 70E. 59 - -=Ominato=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Omogun, River=, Siberia. 52N. 136E. 95 - -=Omol hotun=, Mongolia. 44N. 115E. 83 - -=Omon, River=, Siberia. 52N. 114E. 95 - -=O-mo-so=, Manchuria. 44N. 128E. 90 - -[*]=Omsk=, Asiatic Russia. 55N. 74E. 94 - -=Omuta=, Japan. 33N. 131E. 89 - -=Ongin=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 108E. 82 - -=Ongole=, Madras. 16N. 80E. 62 - -=Onim=, East Indies. 3S. 133E. 75 - -=Onimechi=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Onmaye Cape=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Ono=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=On-song=, Korea. 43N. 130E. 90 - -[*]=Ophir, Mount=, Malay Pen. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Ordos=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 109E. 82 - -=Orissa=, Bengal. 21N. 86E. 61 - -[*]=Ormuz Island=, Persia. 27N. 56E. 45 - -=Ormuz Strait=, Persia. 26N. 57E. 45 - -=Orr-tau-ho R.=, Manchuria. 43N. 127E. 90 - -[*]=Osaka=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Oshima=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Oshima Island=, Japan. 41N. 140E. 88 - -=Osmanabad=, Haidarabad. 18N. 76E. 62 - -=Osmanjik=, Asia Minor. 41N. 35E. 46 - -=Ota=, Manchuria. 45N. 129E. 90 - -=Otaru=, Japan. 43N. 141E. 88 - -=O-to-cheng=, Manchuria. 43N. 128E. 90 - -=Ot-po=, Burma. 18N. 95E. 67 - -=Otsu=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Ottok=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 108E. 82 - -=Oudh=, United Provinces. 27N. 83E. 60 - -=Oukin Island=, Lu-Chu Is. 28N. 129E. 89 - -=Owajima=, Japan. 33N. 133E. 91 - -=Owari=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Owari Bay=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Owashi=, Japan. 34N. 136E. 91 - -=Owen Island=, Burma, 11N. 98E. 71 - -=Owen Stanley Mt.=, E. Indies. 9S. 149E. 75 - -=Oyama=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Ozerni, Cape=, Siberia. 58N. 164E. 95 - - -=Pa=, China. 32N. 107E. 84 - -=Pa=, China. 39N. 116E. 83 - -=Pabna=, Bengal. 24N. 89E. 61 - -=Pachim=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Pachitan=, Java. 8S. 111E. 76 - -=Pachpadra=, Rajputana. 26N. 72E. 59 - -=Pa-chum=, Indo-China. 18N. 104E. 70 - -=Padam=, Kashmir. 33N. 77E. 58 - -[*]=Padang=, East Indies, 1S. 100E. 74 - -=Padang=, East Indies. 2S. 107E. 74 - -=Padaram, Cape=, Indo-China. 11N. 109E. 71 - -=Padaung=, Burma. 19N. 95E. 67 - -=Pagan=, Burma. 21N. 95E. 67 - -=Pagatan=, Borneo. 4S. 116E. 76 - -=Pagattan=, Borneo. 3S. 113E. 76 - -=Pagoda Point=, Burma. 16N. 94E. 67 - -=Pahang=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 102E. 69 - -=Pahang River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 103E. 69 - -=Pahtia=, Malay Peninsula, 11N. 99E. 71 - -=Pai-ho=, China. 41N. 116E. 83 - -=Paik-un-san=, Korea. 40N. 128E. 90 - -=Pai-lu-shan=, China. 25N. 116E. 85 - -=Pain River=, Berar. 20N. 79E. 57 - -=Pai-shui=, China. 32N. 106E. 82 - -=Pajam=, Madras. 18N. 84E. 62 - -=Pajapur=, Bombay. 16N. 75E. 57 - -=Pakal=, Madras. 13N. 79E. 63 - -=Pa-kau=, China. 41N. 119E. 83 - -=Pakhan-nge=, Burma. 21N. 95E. 67 - -=Pakhangyi=, Burma. 22N. 95E. 67 - -=Pak-hoi=, China. 21N. 109E. 84 - -=Paklai=, Indo-China. 18N. 102E. 70 - -=Paklan=, Malay Peninsula. 9N. 99E. 71 - -=Pak-mon=, Indo-China. 19N. 102E. 70 - -=Paknam, Fort=, Siam. 13N. 101E. 71 - -=Paknampo=, Siam. 16N. 100E. 70 - -=Pakokku=, Burma. 21N. 95E. 67 - -[*]=Pakpatan=, Punjab. 30N. 73E. 58 - -=Pakta=, Indo-China. 20N. 101E. 70 - -[*]=Palakkat=, Madras. 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Palakonda=, Madras. 19N. 84E. 62 - -=Palaman=, Bengal. 24N. 84E. 60 - -=Palana=, Rajputana. 28N. 73E. 59 - -=Palanan=, Philippine Islands. 17N. 122E. 77 - -=Palaos=, East Indies. 9N. 135E. 75 - -=Palas=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 73E. 58 - -=Palatupane=, Ceylon. 6N. 81E. 63 - -=Palawan=, Philippine Islands, 10N. 118E. 77 - -=Palean=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 100E. 71 - -[*]=Palembang=, East Indies. 3S. 105E. 74 - -=Paletwa=, Burma. 21N. 93E. 67 - -=Pali=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -=Pali=, Rajputana. 26N. 73E. 59 - -=Palk Strait=, Madras. 10N. 80E. 63 - -=Palkot=, Bengal. 23N. 85E. 60 - -=Pallamcottah=, Madras. 9N. 78E. 63 - -=Pallas Mt.=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 103E. 68 - -[*]=Palmyra=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 39E. 47 - -=Palmyra Point=, Ceylon. 10N. 80E. 63 - -=Palmyras Point=, Bengal. 21N. 87E. 61 - -=Palni=, Madras. 10N. 78E. 63 - -=Palni Hills=, Madras. 10N. 77E. 63 - -=Palo=, Burma. 19N. 95E. 67 - -=Palos=, East Indies. 1S. 119E. 74 - -=Paltee Lake=, Tibet. 29N. 91E. 61 - -=Palu=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 40E. 47 - -=Pamara=, Sind. 27N. 69E. 59 - -=Pamekasan=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Pameungpeuk=, Java. 8S. 108E. 76 - -=Pamir Plateau=, Central Asia. 38N. 74E. 45 - -=Panay=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 122E. 77 - -[*]=Pandharpur=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. 57 - -=Pane River=, Sumatra. 2N. 100E. 69 - -=Pangal=, Haidarabad. 16N. 78E. 62 - -=Panganur=, Madras. 13N. 79E. 63 - -=Pangkok=, Borneo. 3S. 114E. 76 - -=Pangul=, Java. 8S. 111E. 76 - -=Pangutarang Is.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 120E. 77 - -[*]=Panipat=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. 59 - -=Panjang=, Malay Peninsula. 8N. 99E. 71 - -=Panjang Is.=, East Indies. 7S. 116E. 76 - -=Panjar River=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. 56 - -[*]=Panjim=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Panjkora River=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 36N. 72E. 58 - -=Pannealla=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Panom=, Siam. 17N. 105E. 70 - -=Pan-ta-naw=, Burma. 17N. 96E. 67 - -=Pantar Island=, East Indies. 8S. 124E. 75 - -=Pao-kang=, China. 32N. 112E. 84 - -=Pao-king=, China. 27N. 111E. 84 - -=Pao-ngan=, China. 37N. 109E. 82 - -=Pao-ngan=, China. 40N. 115E. 83 - -=Pao-ning=, China. 31N. 106E. 84 - -=Pao-te=, China. 39N. 111E. 82 - -=Pao-ting=, China. 39N. 116E. 83 - -=Pao-tu=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 110E. 82 - -=Papandajan=, Java. 8S. 108E. 76 - -=Papra Strait=, Malay Pen. 8N. 98E. 71 - -=Papua=, East Indies. 5S. 141E. 75 - -=Papua, Gulf of=, East Indies. 8S. 144E. 75 - -=Papun=, Burma. 18N. 97E. 67 - -=Parachinar=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 70E. 58 - -=Paragarh=, Madras. 20N. 83E. 62 - -=Paranda=, Haidarabad. 18N. 75E. 62 - -=Parantij=, Bombay. 24N. 73E. 56 - -=Parbaini=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Parbati River=, Rajputana. 26N. 77E. 59 - -=Pardi=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Pare Pare=, East Indies. 4S. 120E. 74 - -=Pargarh=, Bombay. 17N. 73E. 57 - -=Parigi=, Java. 8S. 108E. 76 - -=Partabgarh=, Rajputana. 24N. 75E. 59 - -=Partur=, Haidarabad. 20N. 76E. 62 - -=Pase=, Siam. 13N. 102E. 71 - -=Passani=, Baluchistan. 25N. 62E. 45 - -=Passin=, East Indies. 2S. 116E. 74 - -=Passir=, East Indies. 5N. 97E. 74 - -=Pa-ta-ho River=, China. 24N. 105E. 84 - -=Patalung=, Malay Peninsula. 8N. 100E. 71 - -=Patan=, Nepal. 28N. 86E. 60 - -=Patan=, Rajputana. 28N. 76E. 59 - -=Patani=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Patani, Cape=, Malay Pen. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Pataudi=, Punjab. 28N. 77E. 59 - -=Pathai-sung=, Siam. 15N. 103E. 70 - -=Pathankot=, Punjab. 32N. 76E. 58 - -=Pati=, Java. 7S. 111E. 76 - -=Patiala=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. 58 - -=Patience Bay=, Siberia. 49N. 143E. 95 - -=Patience, Cape=, Siberia. 49N. 144E. 95 - -=Patjitan=, East Indies. 8S. 111E. 74 - -=Patkai Hills=, Burma. 27N. 96E. 67 - -=Patmos=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. 46 - -[*]=Patna=, Bengal. 26N. 85E. 60 - -=Patna=, Central Provinces. 21N. 83E. 60 - -=Patrang=, Siam. 14N. 102E. 71 - -=Patri=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. 56 - -=Patri=, Haidarabad. 19N. 76E. 62 - -=Pa-tung=, China. 31N. 110E. 84 - -=Paumben Island=, Ceylon. 9N. 79E. 63 - -=Paungdeh=, Burma. 19N. 96E. 67 - -=Pawgurh=, Mysore. 14N. 77E. 63 - -=Pawn=, Burma. 20N. 100E. 67 - -=Paygan=, East Indies. 19N. 145E. 75 - -=Pechabun=, Siam. 16N. 101E. 70 - -=Pechaburi=, Siam. 13N. 100E. 71 - -=Pechai=, Siam. 17N. 100E. 70 - -=Pedrotallagalla, Mt.=, Ceylon. 7N. 81E. 63 - -[*]=Pegu=, Burma. 18N. 96E. 67 - -=Pei=, China. 34N. 118E. 83 - -=Pei-hai=, China. 21N. 109E. 84 - -=Pei-kiang River=, China. 25N. 113E. 85 - -=Pei-ling-shan=, China. 34N. 105E. 82 - -=Peint=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. 56 - -=Pei-shan Mt.=, Manchuria. 42N. 128E. 90 - -=Pei-tang=, China. 39N. 118E. 83 - -=Pei-tuan-lin-tsu=, Manchuria. 46N. 127E. 90 - -=Pe-kai=, China. 27N. 106E. 84 - -=Pekalongan=, Java. 7S. 110E. 76 - -=Pekan=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 103E. 69 - -=Peking=, China. 40N. 116E. 83 - -=Pelew=, East Indies. 9N. 135E. 75 - -=Peling Island=, East Indies. 1S. 124E. 75 - -=Pella=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 13 - -=Pemalang=, Java. 7S. 110E. 76 - -=Pemanggil=, South China Sea. 3N. 104E. 69 - -=Pembuang, Cape=, Borneo. 4S. 112E. 76 - -=Penang=, Malacca Strait. 5N. 100E. 68 - -=Pendjeh=, Turkestan. 36N. 62E. 45 - -=Pengaron=, Borneo. 3S. 115E. 76 - -=Peng-shui=, China. 29N. 108E. 84 - -=Peng-tsz=, China. 30N. 117E. 85 - -=Penjinsk, Gulf of=, Siberia. 62N. 162E. 95 - -=Penjinskoe=, Siberia. 62N. 164E. 95 - -=Pennan Channel=, Malay Pen. 10N. 100E. 71 - -=Pennar River=, Madras. 12N. 80E. 63 - -=Pennar River=, Madras. 15N. 80E. 62 - -=Peper Bay=, Java. 6S. 106E. 76 - -=Peræa=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 13 - -=Perak=, East Indies. 4N. 101E. 74 - -=Perak Mt.=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 101E. 68 - -=Perak R.=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Perforated Is.=, Malay Pen. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Perhentian Is.=, S. China Sea. 6N. 103E. 68 - -=Perlis=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Persepolis=, Persia. 30N. 53E. 45 - -=Persian Baluchistan=, Persia. 25N. 60E. 45 - -=Persian Gulf.= 28N. 52E. 44, 45 - -=Peru Island=, East Indies. 21N. 141E. 75 - -=Pescadores Chan.=, Formosa. 23N. 120E. 89 - -=Pescadores Island=, China. 24N. 119E. 89 - -=Peshawar=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Petlad=, Bombay. 22N. 73E. 56 - -=Petrieu=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Petropavlovsk=, Siberia. 53N. 159E. 95 - -=Phalera=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E. 59 - -=Phalian=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. 58 - -=Phalodi=, Rajputana. 27N. 72E. 59 - -=Phaltan=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. 57 - -=Philadelphia=, Palestine. 32N. 56E. 13 - -=Philippine Is.=, East Indies. 14N. 123E. 75 - -=Phillour=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. 58 - -=Phineka Bay=, Asia Minor. 36N. 30E. 46 - -=Phrayow=, Siam. 19N. 100E. 70 - -=Phu-lang-thuong=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Phu-li=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Phu-my=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Phung-chhen=, Korea. 38N. 125E. 90 - -=Phuyen=, Indo-China. 13N. 109E. 71 - -=Phyeng-An, North=, Korea. 40N. 126E. 90 - -=Phyeng-An, South=, Korea. 39N. 126E. 90 - -=Phyeng-san=, Korea. 38N. 126E. 90 - -=Phyeng-yang=, Korea. 39N. 126E. 90 - -=Piasini, River=, Siberia. 74N. 86E. 94 - -=Pichit=, Siam. 17N. 100E. 70 - -=Piju=, Lombok. 9S. 117E. 76 - -=Pi-kau=, China. 33N. 105E. 82 - -=Pilibhit=, United Provinces. 29N. 80E. 60 - -=Pimai=, Siam. 15N. 102E. 70 - -=Pimun=, Siam. 15N. 105E. 70 - -=Pin=, China. 35N. 108E. 82 - -=Pin=, China. 37N. 118E. 83 - -=Pinan=, Formosa. 22N. 121E. 89 - -=Pin-chau=, China. 23N. 109E. 84 - -=Ping-fan=, China. 37N. 104E. 82 - -=Ping-kiang=, China. 28N. 114E. 85 - -=Ping-liang=, China. 35N. 106E. 82 - -=Ping-lo=, China. 24N. 111E. 84 - -=Ping-lo=, China. 39N. 106E. 82 - -=Pingmar, Cape=, China. 20N. 109E. 84 - -=Ping-nan=, China. 27N. 119E. 85 - -=Ping-shan=, China. 29N. 104E. 84 - -=Ping-siang River=, China. 27N. 113E. 85 - -=Ping-ting=, China. 38N. 114E. 83 - -=Ping-tu=, China. 37N. 120E. 83 - -=Ping-yang=, China. 28N. 120E. 85 - -=Ping-yang=, China. 36N. 112E. 82 - -=Ping-yang=, China. 37N. 106E. 82 - -=Ping-yang=, Korea. 39N. 125E. 90 - -=Ping-yao=, China. 37N. 112E. 82 - -=Ping-yue=, China. 27N. 107E. 84 - -=Pipar=, Rajputana. 26N. 74E. 59 - -=Pippli=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. 61 - -=Pirate Island=, Indo-China. 21N. 108E. 70 - -=Pishin=, Baluchistan. 31N. 67E. 58 - -=Pishpek=, Asiatic Russia. 44N. 75E. 94 - -=Pitsanulok=, Siam. 17N. 100E. 70 - -=Pi-tse-wo=, Manchuria. 39N. 122E. 90 - -=Pi-tsie=, China. 27N. 106E. 84 - -=Plassy=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. 61 - -=Plothistche Stroenia=, Siberia. 63N. 149E. 95 - -=Plus River=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Pnom Dong Rek=, Indo-China. 14N. 104E. 71 - -=Pnom Penh=, Indo-China. 12N. 105E. 71 - -=Po=, China. 34N. 116E. 83 - -=Po-hai=, Inner Mongolia. 38N. 104E. 82 - -=Poi-tsao-kao=, Manchuria. 43N. 129E. 90 - -=Pokaran=, Rajputana. 27N. 72E. 59 - -=Polawaram=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Polet=, Rajputana. 25N. 76E. 59 - -=Polgahawela=, Ceylon. 7N. 80E. 63 - -=Polillo=, Philippine Islands. 15N. 122E. 77 - -=Polloc=, Philippine Islands. 8N. 126E. 77 - -=Pon=, Siam. 20N. 101E. 70 - -=Pondicherri=, Madras. 12N. 80E. 63 - -=Pong=, China. 31N. 106E. 84 - -=Po-ngan=, China. 24N. 106E. 84 - -=Ponnani=, Madras, 11N. 76E. 63 - -=Pon-pissai=, Siam. 18N. 103E. 70 - -=Pontianak=, East Indies. 0. 109E. 74 - -=Pontic Ra=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 38E. 47 - -=Poona=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. 57 - -=Popa Hill=, Burma. 21N. 95E. 67 - -=Po-pai=, China. 22N. 110E. 84 - -=Pora, North=, East Indies. 1S. 98E. 74 - -=Pora, South=, East Indies. 3S. 100E. 74 - -=Por Bandar=, Bombay. 22N. 70E. 56 - -=Port Adams=, Manchuria. 40N. 122E. 90 - -=Port Aian=, Siberia. 57N. 138E. 95 - -=Port Arthur=, Manchuria. 39N. 121E. 90 - -=Port Lasarev=, Korea. 39N. 127E. 90 - -=Porto Novo=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Porto Princesa=, East Indies. 9N. 118E. 74 - -=Po-se=, China. 24N. 106E. 84 - -=Po-shan=, China. 36N. 118E. 83 - -=Posolskoi=, Siberia. 52N. 106E. 94 - -=Poudella=, Madras. 16N. 80E. 62 - -=Po-yang-hu=, China. 29N. 117E. 85 - -=Prai=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 100E. 68 - -=Pran=, Siam. 12N. 100E. 71 - -=Preanger=, Java. 7S. 107E. 76 - -=Prince Harbour=, Korea. 36N. 127E. 90 - -=Princes Island=, Asia Minor. 41N. 29E. 46 - -=Princess Island=, Java. 7S. 105E. 76 - -=Probolingo=, Java. 8S. 113E. 76 - -[*]=Prome=, Burma. 19N. 95E. 67 - -=Prome=, Siam. 15N. 100E. 71 - -=Providence Reef=, Lu-Chu Is. 25N. 125E. 89 - -=Ptolemais=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Pu-chau=, China. 35N. 110E. 82 - -=Puding, Cape=, Borneo. 4S. 112E. 76 - -=Pudukattai=, Madras. 10N. 79E. 63 - -=Puerto Princeso=, Philippine Is. 9N. 123E. 77 - -=Puger=, Java. 8S. 114E. 76 - -=Pu-hua=, Indo-China. 17N. 105E. 70 - -=Puhur=, Berar. 20N. 78E. 60 - -=Pu-kau=, China. 32N. 119E. 83 - -=Puk-chung=, Korea. 40N. 128E. 90 - -=Pu-ki=, China. 30N. 114E. 85 - -=Pulaodo=, Bombay. 24N. 70E. 56 - -=Pulau Berhala=, S. China Sea. 3N. 104E. 69 - -=Pulau Galang=, Malacca Strait. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Pulau Jara=, Malacca Strait. 4N. 100E. 68 - -=Pulau Kapas=, S. China Sea. 5N. 103E. 68 - -=Pulau Klang=, Malacca Strait. 3N. 101E. 69 - -=Pulau Koendoer=, Malacca Str. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Pulau Kukub=, Malacca Strait. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Pulau Langkawi=, Malacca Str. 6N. 100E. 68 - -=Pulau Lantai=, Malay Pen. 8N. 99E. 71 - -=Pulau Mendol=, Malacca Strait. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Pulau Mohea=, Malay Pen. 7N. 99E. 71 - -=Pulau Padang=, Malacca Strait. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Pulau Pangkor=, Malacca Str. 4N. 100E. 68 - -=Pulau Rajah=, Malay Pen. 8N. 98E. 71 - -=Pulau Rangsang=, Malacca Str. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Pulau Rantau=, Malacca Strait. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Pulau Rempang=, Malacca Str. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Pulau Rupat=, Malacca Strait. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Pulau Telibun=, Malay Pen. 7N. 100E. 71 - -=Pulau Tenggol=, S. China Sea. 5N. 104E. 68 - -=Pulau Terutau=, Malacca Str. 7N. 100E. 68 - -=Pulau Tinggi=, S. China Sea. 2N. 104E. 69 - -=Pulau Tuman=, S. China Sea. 3N. 104E. 69 - -[*]=Pulicat=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -=Pulicat Lake=, Madras. 14N. 80E. 63 - -=Pulo Ceicer de Mer=, Indo-China. 11N. 109E. 71 - -=Pulo Ceicer de Terre=, Indo-China. 11N. 109E. 71 - -=Pulo Condore=, Indo-China. 9N. 107E. 71 - -=Pulo Dama=, Indo-China. 10N. 104E. 71 - -=Pu-loi=, Indo-China. 20N. 103E. 70 - -=Pulo Lawang=, East Indies. 0. 103E. 74 - -=Pulo Tanjang=, Indo-China. 9N. 103E. 71 - -=Pulo Wai=, Indo-China. 10N. 103E. 71 - -=Pu Luong=, Indo-China. 19N. 104E. 70 - -=Punakal=, Haidarabad. 19N. 79E. 62 - -=Pungal=, Rajputana. 28N. 73E. 59 - -=Pu-ngan=, China. 26N. 105E. 84 - -=Pu-ning=, China. 23N. 116E. 85 - -=Punjnad River=, Punjab. 29N. 71E. 59 - -[*]=Punna=, Rajputana. 25N. 80E. 60 - -=Purbatipur=, Bengal. 26N. 89E. 61 - -[*]=Puri=, Bengal. 20N. 86E. 60 - -=Purlakimedi=, Madras. 19N. 84E. 62 - -=Purna River=, Berar. 21N. 76E. 60 - -=Purna River=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Purniah=, Bengal. 26N. 88E. 61 - -=Pursat=, Indo-China. 13N. 104E. 71 - -=Purtaligurh=, United Provs. 26N. 82E. 60 - -=Purulia=, Bengal. 23N. 86E. 61 - -=Purwakarta=, Java. 6S. 107E. 76 - -=Purworejo=, Java. 8S. 110E. 76 - -=Pu-sau Mt.=, Indo-China. 20N. 103E. 70 - -=Pushti Kuh=, Persia. 34N. 47 - -=Pu-tai=, China. 37N. 118E. 83 - -=Putchum=, Bombay. 24N. 70E. 56 - -=Putlam=, Ceylon. 8N. 80E. 63 - -=Puttanapur=, Madras. 9N. 77E. 63 - -=Puttocottah=, Madras. 11N. 79E. 63 - -=Pya-ma-law River=, Burma. 16N. 95E. 67 - -=Pya-pon=, Burma. 16N. 96E. 67 - -=Pyawbwe=, Burma. 21N. 96E. 67 - -=Pyen-kwan=, China. 40N. 111E. 82 - -=Pyinmana=, Burma. 20N. 96E. 67 - -=Pyton=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. 62 - -=Pyu=, Burma. 18N. 97E. 67 - - -=Quang-yen=, Indo-China. 21N. 107E. 70 - -=Quelpart Island=, Korea. 33N. 126E. 90 - -=Quetta=, Punjab. 30N. 67E. 58 - -[*]=Quilon=, Madras. 9N. 77E. 63 - -=Qui-Nhon=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Qust Viliusk=, Siberia. 64N. 121E. 95 - - -=Raas Island=, Java. 7S. 114E. 76 - -=Rabbath-Ammon=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Rabbath Moab=, Palestine. 31N. 36E. 12 - -=Rabigh=, Arabia. 23N. 39E. 44 - -=Rachel's Tomb=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Rach-gia=, Indo-China. 10N. 104E. 71 - -=Rachutt=, Madras. 14N. 79E. 63 - -[*]=Radhan=, Sind. 27N. 68E. 59 - -=Raewind=, Punjab. 31N. 74E. 58 - -=Ragaba=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 13 - -=Ragay Bay=, Philippine Is. 13N. 123E. 77 - -=Raheng=, Siam. 17N. 99E. 70 - -=Rahoki Junction=, Sind. 25N. 69E. 59 - -=Rahori=, Bombay. 19N. 75E. 57 - -[*]=Rahun=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. 58 - -=Rai Bareli=, United Provs. 26N. 81E. 60 - -=Raiboka=, Bengal. 22N. 84E. 60 - -=Raichur=, Haidarabad. 16N. 77E. 62 - -=Rai Droog=, Madras. 15N. 77E. 62 - -=Raigarh=, Central Provinces. 22N. 83E. 60 - -=Raigarh=, Madras. 20N. 82E. 62 - -=Raik-to-san=, Manchuria. 42N. 128E. 90 - -=Raipur=, Central Provinces. 21N. 82E. 60 - -=Raishahi=, Bengal. 25N. 89E. 61 - -=Rajagudi=, Madras. 19N. 83E. 62 - -=Rajamahendri=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Rajapalayam=, Madras. 9N. 77E. 63 - -=Rajar=, Sind. 27N. 69E. 59 - -=Rajaur=, Kashmir. 33N. 74E. 58 - -=Rajgarh=, Rajputana. 29N. 75E. 59 - -=Rajim=, Central Provinces. 21N. 82E. 60 - -=Rajkot=, Bombay. 22N. 71E. 56 - -=Rajmahal=, Bengal. 25N. 88E. 61 - -=Rajpipla=, Bombay. 22N. 74E. 56 - -=Rajpur=, Central India. 22N. 74E. 56 - -=Rajpura=, Punjab. 30N. 77E. 58 - -=Ra-ju Island=, Korea. 35N. 126E. 90 - -=Rajura=, Haidarabad. 20N. 79E. 62 - -=Rakapulli=, Madras. 18N. 81E. 62 - -=Rakka=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 39E. 47 - -=Ramah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Ramas, Cape=, Bombay. 15N. 74E. 57 - -=Rameswaram Island=, Madras. 9N. 79E. 63 - -=Ramgarh=, Bengal. 24N. 85E. 60 - -=Ramgarh=, Central India. 22N. 75E. 56 - -=Ramgarh=, Central Provs. 23N. 81E. 60 - -=Ramgir=, Haidarabad. 19N. 80E. 62 - -=Ramjapatnam=, Madras. 15N. 80E. 62 - -[*]=Ramnad=, Madras. 9N. 79E. 63 - -[*]=Ramnagar=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. 58 - -=Ramoo=, Burma. 21N. 92E. 61 - -=Ramoth Gilead=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Rampur=, Bengal. 24N. 89E. 61 - -=Rampur=, Punjab. 31N. 78E. 58 - -=Rampur=, United Provinces. 29N. 79E. 60 - -=Rampura=, Rajputana. 26N. 76E. 59 - -=Ramri=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Ramri Island=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Ramshai Hai=, Bengal. 27N. 89E. 61 - -=Ranawri=, Malay Peninsula. 10N. 99E. 71 - -=Ranchi=, Bengal. 23N. 86E. 60 - -=Ranga=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Rangamati=, Bengal. 26N. 90E. 61 - -=Rangamati=, Burma. 23N. 93E. 61 - -[*]=Rangoon=, Burma. 17N. 96E. 67 - -=Rangoon River=, Burma. 17N. 96E. 67 - -=Rangpur=, Bengal. 26N. 89E. 61 - -=Rangpur=, Punjab. 31N. 71E. 58 - -=Rania=, Punjab. 30N. 75E. 58 - -=Raniganj=, Bengal. 24N. 87E. 61 - -=Ranikhet=, United Provinces. 30N. 79E. 60 - -=Ranipur=, Sind. 27N. 68E. 59 - -=Rannipur=, Bombay. 22N. 74E. 56 - -=Rantau=, Borneo. 3S. 115E. 76 - -=Rantau Panjang=, Malay Pen. 2N. 103E. 69 - -=Rasan=, Sumatra. 2N. 100E. 69 - -=Ras el Hadd=, Arabia. 23N. 60E. 45 - -=Ras Fartak=, Arabia. 16N. 52E. 45 - -=Rashin=, Bombay. 19N. 75E. 57 - -=Ras Madrack=, Arabia. 19N. 58E. 45 - -=Rass=, Arabia. 26N. 42E. 44 - -=Ratburi=, Siam. 14N. 100E. 71 - -=Ratnagiri=, Bombay. 17N. 73E. 57 - -=Rattangarh=, Rajputana. 28N. 75E. 59 - -=Raub=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 102E. 69 - -=Raung Mountain=, Java. 8S. 114E. 76 - -=Ravi River=, Punjab. 31N. 72E. 58 - -[*]=Rawal Pindi=, Punjab. 34N. 73E. 58 - -=Rawnina-golyb Gobi=, Inner Mongolia. 43N. 107E. 82 - -=Rawra=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. 56 - -=Raxoul=, Bengal. 27N. 85E. 60 - -=Rayapur=, Bombay. 17N. 73E. 57 - -=Ra-yong=, Siam. 13N. 101E. 71 - -=Redang, Great=, S. China Sea. 6N. 103E. 68 - -=Redang, Little=, S. China Sea. 6N. 103E. 68 - -=Reducto, Yolo=, Philippine Is. 6N. 121E. 77 - -=Rembang=, Java. 7S. 111E. 76 - -=Repally=, Madras. 16N. 81E. 62 - -=Repunshiri Island=, Japan. 45N. 141E. 88 - -=Resht=, Persia. 38N. 50E. 47 - -=Reti=, Punjab. 28N. 70E. 59 - -=Reuben=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -=Rewah=, Central India. 24N. 81E. 60 - -=Rewari=, Punjab. 28N. 77E. 59 - -=Rhadanpur=, Bombay. 24N. 71E. 56 - -=Rhaman=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 101E. 68 - -[*]=Rhodes=, Asia Minor. 36N. 28E. 46 - -=Riad, East=, Arabia. 25N. 47E. 44 - -=Riassi=, Kashmir. 33N. 75E. 58 - -=Rikuoko=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Rimmon=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Rindli=, Baluchistan. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Rinjami, Mount=, Lombok. 8S. 117E. 76 - -=Rio=, East Indies. 1N. 104E. 74 - -=Ri Shima=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Rishiri Island=, Japan. 45N. 141E. 88 - -=Rivandere=, Persia. 36N. 47 - -=Roba-el-Khali, Sandy Desert of=, Arabia. 21N. 50E. 44, 45 - -=Rohri=, Sind. 28N. 69E. 59 - -[*]=Rohtak=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. 59 - -=Rokan River, North=, Sumatra. 2N. 101E. 69 - -=Rokan River, South=, Sumatra. 2N. 101E. 69 - -=Rokko=, Formosa. 24N. 120E. 89 - -=Roma=, East Indies. 7S. 127E. 75 - -=Romanzov Bay=, Japan. 45N. 142E. 88 - -=Romblon=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 122E. 77 - -=Ross Island=, Korea. 34N. 125E. 90 - -=Rota=, East Indies. 14N. 145E. 75 - -=Rotasgurh=, Bengal. 25N. 84E. 60 - -=Rotti=, East Indies. 11S. 124E. 75 - -=Ruhtas=, Punjab. 33N. 74E. 58 - -=Rukshu=, Kashmir. 33N. 78E. 58 - -=Rumenia, Cape=, Malay Pen. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Rumpin River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 103E. 69 - -=Rupa=, Punjab. 31N. 77E. 58 - -=Rupat Strait=, Sumatra. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Rupti River=, United Provs. 26N. 84E. 60 - -=Rurumoppe=, Japan. 43N. 142E. 88 - -=Russelkonda=, Madras. 20N. 85E. 62 - -=Ruttunpur=, Central Provs. 22N. 82E. 60 - - -=Sa=, Siam. 19N. 101E. 70 - -=Saba=, East Indies. 5N. 116E. 74 - -=Sabanrika River=, Bengal. 22N. 88E. 61 - -=Sabara=, Arabia. 26N. 52E. 45 - -=Sab Asphal=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 44E. 47 - -[*]=Sabraon=, Punjab. 31N. 75E. 58 - -=Saccol=, Philippine Islands. 7N. 122E. 77 - -=Sachad=, Sind. 28N. 69E. 59 - -=Sadakam=, East Indies. 6N. 118E. 74 - -=Sadargarh=, Rajputana. 27N. 70E. 59 - -=Sadazaki=, Japan. 33N. 133E. 89 - -=Sadiya=, Assam. 28N. 96E. 67 - -=Sado=, Japan. 38N. 138E. 88 - -=Sadwan=, Arabia. 19N. 43E. 44 - -=Safed Koh=, Afghanistan. 34N. 71E. 58 - -=Safed Koh=, Afghanistan. 35N. 64E. 45 - -=Saga=, Burma. 20N. 97E. 67 - -=Saga=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -=Sagaing=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Sagami=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Sagar=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Sagar=, Central Provinces. 24N. 79E. 60 - -=Sagwe=, Burma. 20N. 97E. 67 - -=Saharanpur=, United Provs. 30N. 78E. 60 - -=Sahund Mountain=, Persia. 38N. 46E. 47 - -=Sai=, Indo-China. 21N. 102E. 70 - -=Sai=, Kashmir. 35N. 75E. 58 - -=Saibai Island=, East Indies. 9S. 124E. 75 - -=Saiburi=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Saidapet=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -[*]=Saigon=, Indo-China. 11N. 107E. 71 - -=Saigon River=, Indo-China. 11N. 107E. 71 - -=Sai-kao=, Siam. 17N. 102E. 70 - -=Saiki=, Japan. 33N. 132E. 89 - -=St. Andrew Is.=, East Indies. 5N. 133E. 75 - -=St. Augustin C.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 126E. 77 - -=St. Augustino Is.=, E. Indies. 24N. 140E. 75 - -=St. Bern Strait=, East Indies. 13N. 125E. 75 - -=St. Bernardino Strait=, Philippine Is. 14N. 121E. 77 - -=St. David Is.=, East Indies. 1N. 135E. 75 - -=St. Jacques, Cape=, Indo-China. 10N. 107E. 71 - -=St. John Island=, China. 21N. 113E. 85 - -=St. John Island=, Siberia. 56N. 144E. 95 - -=St. Lucia Bay=, East Indies. 4N. 118E. 74 - -=St. Mathias Is.=, East Indies. 1S. 149E. 75 - -=St. Matthew Island=, Burma. 10N. 98E. 71 - -=St. Paul Island=, Siberia. 76N. 112E. 94 - -=St. Sen=, Indo-China. 13N. 105E. 71 - -=Sakai=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Sakai=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Sakai=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Sakaria River=, Asia Minor. 41N. 31E. 46 - -=Sakata=, Japan. 39N. 140E. 88 - -=Sakhalin Island=, Siberia. 50N. 143E. 95 - -=Sakhne=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 39E. 47 - -=Sak-ju=, Korea. 40N. 125E. 90 - -=Sakon-Lakon=, Siam. 17N. 104E. 70 - -=Sakri=, Rajputana. 25N. 72E. 59 - -=Salang Island=, Malay Pen. 8N. 98E. 71 - -=Salawatti Island=, East Indies. 1S. 132E. 75 - -=Salayer Island=, East Indies. 6S. 120E. 74 - -[*]=Salem=, Madras. 12N. 78E. 63 - -=Salgera=, Haidarabad. 19N. 77E. 62 - -=Salher=, Bombay. 21N. 74E. 56 - -=Salimpur=, United Provinces. 26N. 84E. 60 - -=Salin=, Burma. 21N. 95E. 67 - -=Salmi=, Madras. 19N. 82E. 62 - -=Salset Island=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=Salt Plain=, Persia. 36N. 55E. 45 - -=Salt Range Mts.=, Punjab. 33N. 72E. 58 - -=Salumbar=, Rajputana. 24N. 74E. 59 - -=Saluru=, Madras. 18N. 83E. 62 - -=Salwin River=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -=Samagarn=, Siberia. 50N. 137E. 95 - -=Samalkotta=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Samar=, Philippine Islands. 12N. 125E. 77 - -=Samara=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 44E. 47 - -=Samarang=, Java. 7S. 111E. 76 - -=Samargha=, Afghanistan. 32N. 69E. 58 - -[*]=Samaria=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Samarinda=, East Indies. 0. 117E. 74 - -[*]=Samarkand=, Turkestan. 40N. 67E. 45 - -=Samasata=, Punjab. 29N. 72E. 59 - -=Sambalpur=, Central Provs. 22N. 84E. 60 - -=Sambar=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E. 59 - -=Sambar, Cape=, Borneo. 3S. 110E. 76 - -=Sambar Lake=, Rajputana. 27N. 75E. 59 - -[*]=Sambhal=, United Provinces. 29N. 79E. 60 - -=Sambiliung=, East Indies. 2N. 117E. 74 - -=Sambor=, Indo-China. 13N. 106E. 71 - -=Sam-chhek=, Korea. 37N. 129E. 90 - -=Samit Cape=, Indo-China. 11N. 103E. 71 - -=Samit Island=, Siam. 13N. 102E. 71 - -=Samos=, Asia Minor. 37N. 27E. 46 - -=Sampang=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Sampit River=, Borneo. 3S. 113E. 76 - -[*]=Samsat=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 39E. 47 - -=Samshui=, China. 23N. 113E. 85 - -=Samsun=, Asia Minor. 41N. 36E. 46 - -=Samuie Strait=, Malay Pen. 9N. 100E. 71 - -[*]=Sana=, Arabia. 15N. 45E. 44 - -=San-cha=, China. 34N. 107E. 82 - -=San-chau Island=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Sandalwood Is.=, East Indies. 10S. 120E. 74 - -=Sandeman, Fort=, Punjab. 31N. 69E. 58 - -=Sandon Island=, Lu-Chu Is. 29N. 130E. 89 - -=Sandoway=, Burma. 18N. 94E. 67 - -=Sandur=, Kysore. 15N. 77E. 62 - -=San-fa River=, Manchuria. 44N. 127E. 90 - -=San Fernando=, Philippine Is. 17N. 121E. 77 - -=Sangamner=, Bombay. 20N. 74E. 57 - -=Sanganer=, Rajputana. 25N. 75E. 59 - -=Sanga Pass=, Punjab. 31N. 71E. 58 - -=Sangareddipet=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Sang-chi=, China. 29N. 110E. 84 - -=Sangir Island=, East Indies. 3N. 125E. 75 - -=Sang-ju=, Korea. 36N. 128E. 90 - -=Sangkapura=, East Indies. 6S. 113E. 74 - -=Sang-kou=, China. 37N. 123E. 83 - -=Sangla=, Kashmir. 34N. 77E. 58 - -=Sangod=, Rajputana. 25N. 76E. 59 - -=Sangrur=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. 58 - -=San-ho, Cape=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Saniaburi=, Siam. 18N. 104E. 70 - -=San Ildefonso Cape=, Philippine Islands. 16N. 122E. 77 - -=Sanindo=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Sanjo=, Japan. 38N. 139E. 91 - -=San Jose de Buenavista=, Philippine Is. 11N. 122E. 77 - -=Sankasala=, Madras. 16N. 78E. 62 - -=San-kio=, China. 26N. 108E. 84 - -=San-mun Bay=, China. 29N. 122E. 85 - -=Sano=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=San Pedro B.=, Philippine Is. 11N. 125E. 77 - -=San-sa Inlet=, China. 26N. 120E. 85 - -=San-shui=, China. 35N. 108E. 82 - -=San-sin=, Manchuria. 46N. 129E. 90 - -=Santa Maria=, Philippine Is. 8N. 122E. 77 - -=San-tao-ho=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 107E. 82 - -=San Tomas Mt.=, Philippine Is. 16N. 121E. 77 - -=San-tuao=, China. 27N. 120E. 85 - -=Sanuki=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Sanyodo=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Sao=, Formosa. 25N. 122E. 89 - -=Sapat=, Indo-China. 16N. 106E. 70 - -=Sapporo=, Japan. 42N. 141E. 88 - -=Sapudi Island=, Java. 7S. 114E. 76 - -=Sapudi Strait=, Java. 7S. 114E. 76 - -=Saraga=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Saraikalu=, Bengal. 23N. 86E. 60 - -=Sarangani=, Philippine Is. 5N. 125E. 77 - -=Sarangani B.=, Philippine Is. 6N. 125E. 77 - -=Sarap River=, Kashmir. 34N. 77E. 58 - -=Saraswati=, Bombay. 24N. 72E. 56 - -=Saratsi=, China. 41N. 111E. 82 - -=Saravan=, Indo-China. 16N. 106E. 70 - -=Sarawak=, East Indies. 2N. 110E. 74 - -=Sarawak Prov.=, East Indies. 3N. 112E. 74 - -=Sarawan=, Baluchistan. 28N. 65E. 45 - -=Saree=, Persia. 36N. 53E. 45 - -=Sarepta=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Sarifah=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 42E. 47 - -=Sariguan=, East Indies. 17N. 145E. 75 - -=Sart=, Asia Minor. 38N. 28E. 46 - -=Sartu=, Manchuria. 46N. 125E. 90 - -=Saru=, Japan. 42N. 142E. 88 - -=Sasayama=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Saschiveisk=, Siberia. 66N. 142E. 95 - -=Sasebo=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -[*]=Sasseram=, Bengal. 25N. 84E. 60 - -=Sassun=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 41E. 47 - -=Sasuna=, Japan. 35N. 130E. 89 - -=Satara=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. 57 - -=Sathalanu=, Rajputana. 26N. 73E. 59 - -=Satpura Range=, Bombay. 22N. 75E. 56 - -=Satui=, Borneo. 4S. 115E. 76 - -=Satun=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 100E. 68 - -=Satur=, Madras. 9N. 78E. 63 - -=Saura=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -=Sauton=, Indo-China. 12N. 103E. 71 - -=Sava=, Persia. 35N. 51E. 45 - -=Savalan Dagh=, Persia. 38N. 48E. 47 - -=Savanur=, Bombay. 15N. 75E. 57 - -=Savarnadurg=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. 57 - -=Saw=, Burma. 21N. 94E. 67 - -=Sawa=, Arabia. 16N. 47E. 44 - -=Sawal=, Java. 7S. 108E. 76 - -=Sawankalok=, Siam. 17N. 100E. 70 - -=Sawant Wari=, Bombay. 16N. 74E. 57 - -=Sawara=, Japan. 36N. 141E. 91 - -=Sawase-Muninto-shima=, Japan. 30N. 130E. 89 - -=Sawu=, East Indies. 11S. 121E. 74 - -=Sayer Island=, Malay Peninsula. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Scala Nova=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. 46 - -=Schouten Island=, East Indies. 1S. 136E. 75 - -=Schouten Island=, East Indies. 4S. 145E. 75 - -=Scythopolis=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Se Bang Fai R.=, Indo-China. 17N. 105E. 70 - -=Se Bang Khan=, Indo-China. 13N. 106E. 71 - -=Se Bang Hien=, Indo-China. 16N. 105E. 70 - -=Sedili Besar=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 104E. 69 - -=Sefid=, Persia. 34N. 49E. 47 - -=Sefid Rud=, Persia. 37N. 50E. 45 - -=Segaro=, Malacca Strait. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Sehaf River=, Baluchistan. 29N. 68E. 59 - -=Seheh=, Malay Peninsula. 8N. 100E. 71 - -=Sehwan=, Sind. 26N. 68E. 59 - -=Seira-kei River=, Formosa. 24N. 120E. 89 - -=Seistan=, Persia. 30N. 61E. 45 - -=Seki=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Sekiz=, Persia. 37N. 46E. 47 - -=Sekudi=, Malacca Strait. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Selangor=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 101E. 69 - -=Selangor River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 101E. 69 - -=Selatan, Cape=, Borneo. 4S. 115E. 76 - -=Selapum=, Siam. 16N. 104E. 70 - -[*]=Selefke=, Asia Minor. 36N. 34E. 46 - -=Selenginsk=, Siberia. 50N. 107E. 94 - -=Seleucia=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Selin Kong Buyu=, Malay Pen. 7N. 102E. 68 - -=Se Mam=, Siam. 15N. 105E. 70 - -=Semantan River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Sembilan Island=, Malacca Str. 4N. 100E. 68 - -=Semerara=, Philippine Islands. 12N. 122E. 77 - -=Semeru, Mount=, Java. 8S. 113E. 76 - -=Semipolatinsk=, Asiatic Russia. 51N. 80E. 94 - -=Semiretchensk=, As. Russia. 45N. 78E. 94 - -=Sempu=, Java. 8S. 113E. 76 - -=Senbo=, Burma. 25N. 97E. 67 - -=Sendai=, Japan. 38N. 141E. 88 - -=Sengora=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 71 - -=Senna=, Persia. 35N. 47 - -=Seoni=, Central Provinces. 22N. 80E. 60 - -=Sepphoris=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 13 - -=Sequevras Is.=, East Indies. 9N. 130E. 75 - -=Serakhs=, Persia. 36N. 61E. 45 - -=Serang=, Java. 6S. 106E. 76 - -=Serangani Is.=, East Indies. 5N. 126E. 75 - -=Seraor=, Bombay. 19N. 74E. 57 - -=Serau River=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 102E. 68 - -=Seremban=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 102E. 69 - -=Sergiopot=, Asiatic Russia. 48N. 80E. 94 - -=Serindah=, Malay Peninsula. 3N. 102E. 69 - -[*]=Seringapatam=, Mysore. 12N. 77E. 63 - -=Sermatten=, East Indies. 8S. 129E. 75 - -=Serpur=, Haidarabad. 20N. 80E. 62 - -=Serua=, East Indies. 6S. 130E. 75 - -=Se San=, Indo-China. 13N. 106E. 71 - -=Se-su-phon=, Indo-China. 14N. 103E. 71 - -=Setsu=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Setsu-san=, Formosa. 25N. 121E. 89 - -=Sewasmudram=, Madras. 12N. 77E. 63 - -=Seypan=, East Indies. 15N. 145E. 75 - -=Shabeh Khel=, Punjab. 32N. 68E. 58 - -=Shabkadar=, N.W. Frontier Prov. 34N. 72E. 58 - -=Shadipalli=, Sind. 26N. 69E. 59 - -=Shaggera=, Arabia. 26N. 46E. 44 - -=Shahabad=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Shahabad=, Rajputana. 25N. 77E. 59 - -[*]=Shahabad=, United Provinces. 28N. 80E. 60 - -=Shah Bundur=, Sind. 24N. 68E. 59 - -=Shahgarh=, Central Provs. 24N. 79E. 60 - -=Shahgarh=, Rajputana. 27N. 70E. 59 - -=Shahjahanpur=, United Provs. 28N. 80E. 60 - -=Sha-ho=, China. 33N. 115E. 83 - -=Shaho=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. 90 - -=Shahpur=, Punjab. 32N. 72E. 58 - -=Shaikhawati=, Rajputana. 28N. 75E. 59 - -=Shaikh Othman=, Arabia. 13N. 45E. 44 - -=Shaiwal=, Punjab. 32N. 72E. 58 - -=Shalkar=, Punjab. 32N. 78E. 58 - -=Shan=, China. 35N. 111E. 82 - -=Shang=, China. 34N. 110E. 82 - -=Shang-cheng=, China. 32N. 115E. 83 - -=Shang-hai=, China. 31N. 122E. 83 - -[*]=Shang-hai=, China. 31N. 121E. 85 - -=Shang-hang=, China. 25N. 117E. 85 - -=Shang-sze=, China. 22N. 108E. 84 - -=Shan-hai-kwan=, China. 40N. 120E. 83 - -=Shankeridroog=, Madras. 12N. 78E. 63 - -=Shan-si=, China. 38N. 113E. 82, 83 - -=Shan States, North=, Burma. 22N. 98E. 67 - -=Shan States, South=, Burma. 21N. 99E. 67 - -=Shantarski Island=, Siberia. 55N. 138E. 95 - -=Shan-tung=, China. 36N. 118E. 83 - -=Shao-chau=, China. 25N. 113E. 85 - -=Shao-hsing=, China. 30N. 121E. 85 - -=Shao-wu=, China. 27N. 118E. 85 - -=Shara-khada=, China. 41N. 113E. 82 - -=Shara-muren=, Mongolia. 44N. 120E. 83 - -=Sharjah=, Arabia. 25N. 55E. 45 - -=Sharon, Plain of=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Sha-shi=, China. 30N. 112E. 84 - -=Shatt el Arab=, Turkey in Asia. 31N. 48E. 47 - -=Shau=, China. 32N. 117E. 83 - -=Shayok River=, Kashmir. 35N. 76E. 58 - -=She=, China. 37N. 114E. 83 - -=Shechem=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Sheiten=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 109E. 82 - -=Sheiten-ula=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 109E. 82 - -=Shekhabad=, Afghanistan. 34N. 69E. 58 - -=Shemaga=, Burma. 22N. 96E. 67 - -=Shen=, China. 38N. 116E. 83 - -=Sheng=, China. 42N. 122E. 83 - -=Sheng-King=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. 90 - -=Shen-si=, China. 35N. 109E. 82 - -=Sheo=, Rajputana. 26N. 71E. 59 - -=Sheopur=, Central India. 26N. 77E. 60 - -=Shergarh=, Punjab. 31N. 74E. 58 - -=Sherghaty=, Bengal. 25N. 85E. 60 - -=Shibam=, Arabia. 16N. 49E. 44 - -=Shibata=, Japan. 38N. 139E. 91 - -=Shibetsu=, Japan. 43N. 145E. 88 - -=Shibushi=, Japan. 31N. 131E. 89 - -=Shi-chao=, China. 35N. 120E. 83 - -=Shi-cheng=, China. 26N. 116E. 85 - -=Shichi To=, Japan. 34N. 139E. 91 - -=Shi-chu=, China. 30N. 108E. 84 - -=Shie-tie-tien=, China. 39N. 119E. 83 - -=Shigatze=, Tibet. 29N. 89E. 61 - -=Shikami=, Japan. 34N. 129E. 89 - -=Shikaripur=, Mysore. 14N. 75E. 63 - -=Shikarpur=, Sind. 28N. 69E. 59 - -=Shikotsu-to=, Japan. 42N. 142E. 88 - -=Shiljin-gol=, Mongolia. 44N. 116E. 83 - -=Shilka, River=, Siberia. 54N. 121E. 95 - -=Shillong=, Assam. 26N. 92E. 61 - -=Shiloh=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Shi-lung=, China. 23N. 114E. 85 - -=Shimabara=, Japan. 33N. 130E. 89 - -=Shi-men=, China. 29N. 111E. 84 - -=Shimidsu=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Shimochuke=, Japan. 37N. 140E. 91 - -[*]=Shimoga=, Mysore. 14N. 76E. 63 - -[*]=Shimonosoki=, Japan. 34N. 131E. 89 - -=Shimosa=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Shi-nan=, China. 30N. 109E. 84 - -=Shinano=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Shinchiku=, Formosa. 25N. 121E. 89 - -=Shindwa=, Central India. 22N. 75E. 56 - -=Shingu=, Japan. 34N. 136E. 91 - -=Shinjo=, Japan. 39N. 140E. 88 - -=Shin-mu=, China. 39N. 110E. 82 - -=Shin-san=, Japan. 40N. 140E. 88 - -=Shin Shima=, Japan. 34N. 139E. 91 - -=Shiobado=, Tibet. 31N. 96E. 61 - -=Shi-pu=, China. 29N. 122E. 85 - -=Shirakawa=, Japan. 37N. 140E. 91 - -[*]=Shiraz=, Persia. 30N. 53E. 45 - -=Shiretokozaki=, Japan. 44N. 145E. 88 - -=Shiri Bay=, Japan. 43N. 144E. 88 - -=Shiriyazaki=, Japan. 41N. 142E. 88 - -=Shiro=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Shi-shan=, China. 29N. 117E. 85 - -=Shi-tsien=, China. 27N. 108E. 84 - -=Shi-tsui-tze=, China. 39N. 106E. 82 - -=Shivarai Hills=, Madras. 12N. 78E. 63 - -=Shiwo Cape=, Japan. 33N. 136E. 91 - -=Shizuoka=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Shoal Gulf=, Korea. 36N. 126E. 90 - -=Shoka=, Formosa. 24N. 121E. 89 - -[*]=Sholapur=, Bombay. 18N. 76E. 57 - -=Shorapur=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Shorkot=, Punjab. 31N. 72E. 58 - -=Shozu South=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Shuan-chen-tin=, Manchuria. 45N. 126E. 90 - -=Shugshut=, Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. 46 - -=Shu-ho=, China. 35N. 119E. 83 - -=Shu-ho=, China. 34N. 113E. 82 - -=Shui-chau=, China. 28N. 115E. 85 - -=Shui-ho=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 103E. 82 - -=Shui-tung=, China. 21N. 111E. 84 - -=Shu-kao=, China. 32N. 121E. 83 - -=Shun-chang=, China. 27N. 118E. 85 - -=Shunem=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Shung-pu=, China. 36N. 109E. 82 - -=Shu-ning=, China. 33N. 114E. 83 - -=Shun-king=, China. 31N. 106E. 84 - -=Shun-te=, China. 37N. 115E. 83 - -=Shuram River=, Punjab. 32N. 69E. 58 - -=Shuri=, Lu-Chu Island. 26N. 128E. 89 - -=Shuster=, Persia. 32N. 49E. 47 - -[*]=Shwebo=, Burma. 23N. 96E. 67 - -=Shwegyin=, Burma. 18N. 97E. 67 - -=Shwe-in=, Burma. 25N. 97E. 67 - -=Siak=, East Indies. 1N. 102E. 74 - -=Siak Sri Indrapura=, Sumatra. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Siak Koh=, Afghanistan. 34N. 64E. 45 - -=Siak River=, Sumatra. 1N. 102E. 69 - -=Sialkot=, Punjab. 33N. 75E. 58 - -=Siao=, East Indies. 3N. 125E. 75 - -=Siao-ho=, China. 32N. 104E. 82 - -=Siargo=, Philippine Islands. 10N. 126E. 77 - -=Siassi=, Philippine Islands. 5N. 121E. 77 - -=Siaton Point=, Philippine Is. 9N. 123E. 77 - -=Sibay=, Philippine Islands. 12N. 122E. 77 - -=Siberui Island=, East Indies. 1S. 98E. 74 - -=Sibi=, Punjab. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Sibiriakof Island=, Siberia. 73N. 80E. 94 - -=Siboga=, East Indies. 3N. 99E. 74 - -=Siboku Island=, East Indies. 3S. 100E. 74 - -=Sibsagar=, Assam. 27N. 95E. 67 - -=Sibuguey Bay=, Philippine Is. 7N. 122E. 77 - -=Sibuyan=, Philippine Islands. 12N. 122E. 77 - -=Sidavu=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Sidoarjo=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -[*]=Sidon=, Palestine. 34N. 35E. 12 - -=Siempang=, Indo-China. 14N. 106E. 70 - -=Siemreap=, Indo-China. 13N. 104E. 71 - -=Sierra Madre=, Philippine Is. 17N. 122E. 77 - -=Sifa, Cape=, China. 19N. 111E. 84 - -=Sihoon River=, Asia Minor. 37N. 36E. 46 - -=Sikanderabad=, Haidarabad. 17N. 78E. 62 - -=Sikhota Alin Mts.=, Siberia. 46N. 136E. 95 - -=Si-kiang River=, China. 22N. 108E. 84 - -=Siktach=, Siberia. 69N. 124E. 95 - -=Silaymyo=, Burma. 21N. 95E. 67 - -=Silchar=, Assam. 25N. 93E. 67 - -=Siller River=, Madras. 18N. 82E. 62 - -=Silong Belamak B.=, Lombok. 9S. 116E. 76 - -=Sim=, Siam. 19N. 101E. 70 - -=Simalur Island=, East Indies. 3N. 96E. 74 - -[*]=Simla=, Punjab. 31N. 77E. 58 - -=Simoda=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Sinagawa=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Sinah River=, Bombay. 18N. 75E. 57 - -=Sindang Barang=, Java. 8S. 107E. 76 - -=Sindh River=, United Provs. 26N. 79E. 60 - -=Sindjio=, Lu-Chu Islands. 24N. 123E. 89 - -=Sindri=, Rajputana. 25N. 72E. 59 - -[*]=Singapore=, Malay Peninsula. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Singapur=, Madras. 19N. 83E. 62 - -=Singaraji=, Bali. 8S. 115E. 76 - -=Singareni=, Haidarabad. 18N. 80E. 62 - -=Singhjani=, Bengal. 25N. 90E. 61 - -=Singhpur=, United Provs. 24N. 83E. 60 - -=Singkawang=, East Indies. 1N. 109E. 74 - -=Singkel=, East Indies. 3N. 98E. 74 - -=Sinjai=, East Indies. 5S. 120E. 74 - -=Sinjar, J.=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 41E. 47 - -=Sin-min-fu=, Manchuria. 42N. 123E. 90 - -=Sinocoan Mt.=, Philippine Is. 15N. 121E. 77 - -[*]=Sinope=, Asia Minor. 42N. 35E. 46 - -=Sipan Dagh=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 43E. 47 - -=Sipiongot=, Sumatra. 2N. 100E. 69 - -=Sipri=, Central India. 26N. 78E. 60 - -=Siquijor=, Philippine Islands. 9N. 124E. 77 - -=Sirahama=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Siran=, Sind. 24N. 68E. 59 - -=Sircilla=, Haidarabad. 18N. 79E. 62 - -=Sirguja=, Bengal. 23N. 83E. 60 - -[*]=Sirhind=, Punjab. 31N. 76E. 58 - -=Sir James Hall Is.=, Korea. 38N. 125E. 90 - -=Sirmoor=, Punjab. 31N. 78E. 58 - -=Sirohi=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. 59 - -=Sironj=, Central India. 24N. 78E. 60 - -=Sirpur=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. 56 - -=Sirsa=, Punjab. 29N. 75E. 59 - -=Sirt=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 42E. 47 - -=Sirui, Cape=, Java. 8S. 112E. 76 - -=Sis=, Asia Minor. 37N. 36E. 46 - -=Sisaket=, Siam. 15N. 104E. 70 - -=Sisarah=, Rajputana. 29N. 72E. 59 - -=Sisuro Point=, Korea. 42N. 130E. 90 - -=Sita River=, Punjab. 32N. 78E. 58 - -=Sitapur=, United Provs. 28N. 81E. 60 - -=Sittaung=, Burma. 17N. 97E. 67 - -=Sittaung River=, Burma. 17N. 97E. 67 - -=Situbondo=, Java. 8S. 114E. 76 - -=Siu-ho River=, China. 29N. 116E. 85 - -[*]=Sivas=, Asia Minor. 40N. 37E. 46 - -=Sivrihissar=, Asia Minor. 39N. 32E. 46 - -=Siwai Madhopur=, Rajputana. 26N. 76E. 59 - -=Siwana=, Rajputana. 26N. 72E. 59 - -=Skardo=, Kashmir. 35N. 76E. 58 - -[*]=Skutari=, Asia Minor. 41N. 29E. 46 - -=Slamat Mountain=, Java. 7S. 109E. 76 - -=Slim=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 69 - -=Sloko, Cape=, Java. 9S. 114E. 76 - -[*]=Smyrna=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. 46 - -=So-an Island=, Korea. 34N. 126E. 90 - -=Society Bay=, China. 39N. 122E. 83 - -=Socoh=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -=Soe-trang=, Indo-China. 9N. 106E. 71 - -=Sofask=, Siberia. 51N. 140E. 95 - -=Sohagpur=, Central Provinces. 23N. 78E. 60 - -=Sohan River=, Punjab. 33N. 72E. 58 - -[*]=Sohar=, Arabia. 24N. 57E. 45 - -=Sohnagpur=, Central India. 23N. 81E. 60 - -=Sok=, Indo-China. 15N. 107E. 70 - -=Sokotai=, Siam. 17N. 100E. 70 - -=Solo River=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Solombo Island=, East Indies. 5S. 114E. 76 - -=Soma=, Asia Minor. 39N. 27E. 46 - -=Sombok=, Indo-China. 13N. 106E. 71 - -[*]=Somnath=, Bombay. 21N. 70E. 56 - -=Son=, Siam. 19N. 98E. 70 - -=Son=, Indo-China. 21N. 103E. 70 - -=Sonali Bazar=, Assam. 24N. 93E. 67 - -=Sone River=, Bengal. 25N. 84E. 60 - -=Sonehut=, Bengal. 23N. 82E. 60 - -=Song Bo=, Indo-China. 21N. 105E. 70 - -=Song Chai=, Indo-China. 22N. 105E. 70 - -=Song-chin=, Korea. 41N. 129E. 90 - -=Song Ka=, Indo-China. 19N. 106E. 70 - -=Songkla=, Malay Peninsula. 7N. 101E. 71 - -=Song Koi=, Indo-China. 20N. 106E. 70 - -=Song-kon=, Indo-China. 16N. 105E. 70 - -=Songsan=, Burma. 27N. 97E. 67 - -=Sonipat=, Punjab. 29N. 77E. 59 - -=Son-la=, Indo-China. 21N. 104E. 70 - -=Sonmiani=, Baluchistan. 25N. 67E. 45 - -=Sonpur=, Central Provinces. 21N. 84E. 60 - -=Son-tay=, Indo-China. 21N. 105E. 70 - -=So-ping=, China. 40N. 112E. 82 - -=Sopur=, Kashmir. 34N. 74E. 58 - -=Soran=, United Provinces. 28N. 79E. 60 - -=Sorol=, East Indies. 9N. 141E. 75 - -=Sotina=, Siberia. 41N. 89E. 94 - -=Soukbulah=, Persia. 37N. 46E. 47 - -=South Cape=, Bali. 9S. 115E. 76 - -=South Cape=, East Indies. 22N. 120E. 74 - -=South Cape=, East Indies. 11S. 150E. 75 - -=South-West Cape=, China. 19N. 109E. 84 - -=Soya=, Japan. 45N. 142E. 88 - -=Soyazaki=, Japan. 45N. 142E. 88 - -=Spanish Island=, East Indies. 14N. 141E. 75 - -=Sradet=, Indo-China. 13N. 108E. 71 - -=Srepok=, Indo-China. 13N. 107E. 71 - -=Sre-umbel=, Indo-China. 11N. 104E. 71 - -=Srinagar=, Kashmir. 34N. 75E. 58 - -=Srinagar=, United Provinces. 30N. 79E. 60 - -=Srirangam=, Madras. 11N. 79E. 63 - -=Sriwalliputur=, Madras. 10N. 79E. 63 - -=Stanovoi, Mts.=, Siberia. 62N. 150E. 95 - -=Stony Tunguska R.=, Siberia. 61N. 90E. 94 - -=Strait of Singapore=, Malay Pen. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Strednoi Kolimsk=, Siberia. 67N. 158E. 95 - -=Stung-Treng=, Indo-China. 13N. 106E. 71 - -=Su=, China. 34N. 117E. 83 - -=Sual=, East Indies. 16N. 120E. 74 - -=Sual=, Philippine Islands. 16N. 120E. 77 - -=Subarmati River=, Bombay. 23N. 73E. 56 - -=Suburga=, China. 44N. 122E. 83 - -=Subzavar=, Persia. 36N. 58E. 45 - -=Succoth=, Palestine. 32N. 36E. 12 - -[*]=Su-chau=, China. 31N. 121E. 83 - -=Suckling Mt.=, East Indies. 10S. 148E. 75 - -=Sudharam=, Bengal. 23N. 91E. 61 - -=Sue-pau-ting=, China. 32N. 104E. 82 - -=Sufi=, Sind. 26N. 70E. 59 - -=Sugakawa=, Japan. 37N. 140E. 91 - -=Sui=, China. 32N. 113E. 85 - -=Sui=, China. 35N. 115E. 83 - -=Sui-fu=, China. 29N. 105E. 84 - -=Sui-ki=, China. 21N. 110E. 84 - -=Sui-ngan=, China. 29N. 119E. 85 - -=Sui-ping=, China. 33N. 114E. 83 - -=Sui-te=, China. 37N. 110E. 82 - -=Sui-ting=, China. 31N. 108E. 84 - -=Sui-yuen-wan=, China. 41N. 112E. 82 - -=Suji=, Inner Mongolia. 43N. 109E. 82 - -=Sukadana=, East Indies. 1S. 110E. 74 - -=Sukit=, Punjab. 32N. 77E. 58 - -[*]=Sukkur=, Sind. 28N. 69E. 59 - -=Sula Island=, East Indies. 3S. 125E. 75 - -=Sulaiman Mts.=, Punjab. 30N. 70E. 58 - -=Suleimamyeh=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 46E. 47 - -=Sullivan's Island=, Burma. 11N. 98E. 71 - -=Sulphur Is.=, East Indies. 25N. 141E. 75 - -=Sultameh=, Persia. 37N. 49E. 47 - -=Sultanpur=, Punjab. 32N. 77E. 58 - -=Sulu Archipelago=, Philippine Is. 6N. 122E. 77 - -=Sulu Island=, East Indies. 5N. 120E. 74 - -=Sulu Sea=, East Indies. 8N. 120E. 74 - -=Sulu Sea=, Philippine Islands. 8N. 120E. 77 - -=Suma-khada Mts.=, China. 41N. 112E. 82 - -=Sumatra=, East Indies. 0. 100E. 74 - -=Sumba Island=, East Indies. 10S. 120E. 74 - -=Sumbawa=, East Indies. 9S. 119E. 74 - -=Sumbing, Mount=, Java. 7S. 110E. 76 - -=Sumda=, Bombay. 15N. 75E. 57 - -=Sumenep=, Java. 7S. 114E. 76 - -=Sumoto=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Sunawaga=, Japan. 43N. 143E. 88 - -=Sunda, Strait of=, East Indies. 6S. 105E. 74 - -=Sunderbuns=, Bengal. 22N. 89E. 61 - -=Sungari River=, Manchuria. 45N. 125E. 90 - -=Sungi Point=, Philippine Is. 11N. 126E. 77 - -=Sungiori=, Madras. 15N. 80E. 62 - -=Sung-kiang=, China. 31N. 121E. 83 - -=Sung-shan=, China. 35N. 113E. 82, 83 - -=Sung-tao=, China. 28N. 109E. 84 - -=Sunites=, Inner Mongolia. 43N. 113E. 82 - -=Sunkam=, Madras. 18N. 82E. 62 - -=Sunth=, Bombay. 23N. 74E. 56 - -=Suo=, Japan. 34N. 132E. 91 - -=Suo Nada Island=, Japan. 34N. 132E. 89 - -=Su-pu=, China. 28N. 110E. 84 - -=Sur=, Arabia. 23N. 60E. 45 - -=Surabaya=, Java. 7S. 113E. 76 - -=Sura-buri=, Siam. 14N. 101E. 71 - -=Suradan=, Madras. 20N. 84E. 62 - -=Surakarta=, Java. 8S. 111E. 76 - -[*]=Surat=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -=Suratgarh=, Rajputana. 29N. 74E. 59 - -=Suren=, Siam. 15N. 103E. 71 - -=Sureydi=, Sind. 25N. 69E. 59 - -=Suri=, Bengal. 24N. 88E. 61 - -=Surigao=, Philippine Islands. 10N. 126E. 77 - -=Surigao Strait=, Philippine Is. 10N. 126E. 77 - -=Surkh Koh=, Afghanistan. 32N. 67E. 58 - -=Suru=, Kashmir. 34N. 76E. 58 - -=Suruga=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Suruga Bay=, Japan. 35N. 139E. 91 - -=Survasiddhi=, Madras. 17N. 83E. 62 - -[*]=Susa=, Persia. 32N. 48E. 47 - -=Susah, Cape=, Sumatra. 2N. 101E. 69 - -=Susaki=, Japan. 33N. 133E. 91 - -=Sutsu=, Japan. 42N. 140E. 88 - -=Suvanapum=, Siam. 16N. 104E. 70 - -=Suverek=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 39E. 47 - -=Suzu Cape=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Sverdrup Island=, Siberia. 74N. 80E. 94 - -=Swat=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 35N. 73E. 58 - -=Swat River=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 36N. 73E. 58 - -=Swatow=, China. 23N. 117E. 85 - -=Swettenham, Pt.=, Malay Pen. 3N. 101E. 69 - -=Sychar=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 13 - -=Sylhet=, Assam. 25N. 92E. 61 - -=Syloo=, Assam. 23N. 93E. 67 - -=Syme=, Asia Minor. 36N. 27E. 46 - -=Syrho Desert=, Inner Mongolia. 38N. 105E. 82 - -=Syria=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 37E. 46 - -=Syrian Desert=, Syria and Arabia. 32N. 40E. 44 - -=Sz=, China. 33N. 118E. 83 - -=Sze-chau=, China. 27N. 109E. 84 - -=Sze-cheng=, China. 24N. 106E. 84 - -=Sze-chwan=, China. 30N. 105E. 84 - -=Sze-nan=, China. 28N. 108E. 84 - -=Sze-ngen=, China. 23N. 108E. 84 - -=Sz-hwei=, China. 23N. 113E. 84 - - -=Taal Vol.=, Philippine Islands. 14N. 122E. 77 - -=Taanach=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Tabanan=, Bali. 8S. 115E. 76 - -=Tabas=, Persia. 33N. 57E. 45 - -=Tabilung=, Sikkim. 27N. 89E. 61 - -=Tablas=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 122E. 77 - -=Table Cape=, Indo-China. 10N. 105E. 71 - -[*]=Tabor, Mount=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Tabreez=, Persia. 38N. 46E. 47 - -=Tabub=, Arabia. 19N. 42E. 44 - -=Tachin=, Siam. 14N. 100E. 71 - -=Ta-chwang-ho=, Manchuria. 40N. 123E. 90 - -=Tacloban=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 125E. 77 - -=Tadmor=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 38E. 47 - -=Tadotsu=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Tadputri=, Madras. 15N. 78E. 62 - -=Taen Arynsk=, Siberia. 62N. 127E. 95 - -=Tagan=, China. 33N. 104E. 82 - -=Tagaung-myo=, Burma. 23N. 96E. 67 - -=Tagbilaran=, Philippine Is. 10N. 124E. 77 - -=Tahkechi=, Malay Peninsula. 10N. 99E. 71 - -=Tai=, China. 32N. 120E. 83 - -=Tai=, China. 39N. 113E. 82 - -=Tai-chau=, China. 29N. 121E. 85 - -=Tai-chau Bay=, China. 29N. 122E. 85 - -=Tai-chau Island=, China. 28N. 122E. 85 - -=Taichu=, Formosa. 24N. 121E. 89 - -=Tai-hang-shan=, China. 36N. 114E. 83 - -=Tai-ho=, China. 27N. 115E. 85 - -=Tai-ho=, China. 33N. 116E. 83 - -=Taiho-ku=, Formosa. 25N. 121E. 89 - -=Tai-hu=, China. 31N. 116E. 85 - -=Tai-hu=, China. 31N. 120E. 85 - -=Tai-jeng=, Korea. 33N. 126E. 90 - -=Tai-kang=, China. 34N. 115E. 83 - -=Taiko=, Formosa. 24N. 121E. 89 - -=Tai-ku=, Korea. 36N. 128E. 90 - -=Tai-kung=, China. 26N. 109E. 84 - -=Taimyr Bay=, Siberia. 75N. 98E. 94 - -=Taimyr Island=, Siberia. 76N. 96E. 94 - -=Taimyr Peninsula=, Siberia. 75N. 100E. 94 - -=Tainan=, Formosa. 23N. 120E. 89 - -=Taindah=, Burma. 20N. 95E. 67 - -=Tai-ning=, China. 27N. 117E. 85 - -=Taio Cape=, Japan. 34N. 137E. 91 - -=Tai-ping=, China. 22N. 107E. 84 - -=Tai-ping=, China. 28N. 121E. 85 - -=Tai-ping=, China. 32N. 119E. 83 - -=Taiping=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Taira=, Japan. 37N. 141E. 91 - -=Tais=, Arabia. 14N. 44 - -=Taitai=, East Indies. 11N. 119E. 74 - -=Taiwan=, Formosa. 24N. 121E. 89 - -=Tai-yuen=, China. 38N. 112E. 82 - -=Tai-yuen-hsien=, China. 38N. 112E. 82 - -=Tajima=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Taju=, Java. 6S. 111E. 76 - -=Takahagi=, Japan. 37N. 141E. 91 - -=Takahashi=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Takamatsu=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Takamatsu=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Takanabe=, Japan. 32N. 132E. 89 - -=Takang=, Siam. 16N. 105E. 70 - -=Takao=, East Indies. 23N. 120E. 74 - -=Takaoka=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Takara-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 29N. 129E. 89 - -=Takasaki=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Taka-shima=, Japan. 31N. 130E. 89 - -=Takashima=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Takata=, Japan. 34N. 136E. 91 - -=Takata=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=Takayana=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Tak-chau Island=, Korea. 37N. 126E. 90 - -=Takeo=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Taketoyo=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Ta-kiang River=, China. 29N. 105E. 84 - -=Takow=, Formosa. 22N. 120E. 89 - -=Takt-i-Suliman Mt.=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 32N. 70E. 58 - -=Ta-ku=, China. 27N. 106E. 84 - -=Ta-ku=, China. 39N. 118E. 83 - -=Takuatung=, Malay Peninsula. 8N. 99E. 71 - -=Ta-ku-shan=, Manchuria. 40N. 124E. 90 - -=Ta Kuwapa=, Malay Peninsula. 9N. 98E. 71 - -=Takuyama=, Japan. 34N. 132E. 91 - -=Ta-kwan=, China. 28N. 104E. 84 - -=Talatcheri=, Madras. 12N. 75E. 63 - -=Talaut Island=, East Indies. 4N. 132E. 75 - -=Ta-lien-wan=, Manchuria. 39N. 122E. 90 - -=Talikot=, Bombay. 16N. 76E. 57 - -=Ta-ling-ho=, China. 41N. 120E. 83 - -=Talün-tün=, China. 42N. 116E. 83 - -=Tamba=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Tambora, G. of=, East Indies. 8S. 118E. 74 - -=Ta-ming=, China. 36N. 115E. 83 - -=Tammai=, Burma. 24N. 94E. 67 - -=Tampang=, East Indies. 1S. 114E. 74 - -=Tampi=, Rajputana. 25N. 71E. 59 - -=Tampin Mt.=, Malay Peninsula. 2N. 102E. 69 - -=Tamsui=, Formosa. 25N. 121E. 89 - -=Tamuntulang, C.=, Sumatra. 3N. 100E. 69 - -=Tam-yang=, Korea. 35N. 127E. 90 - -=Tanabe=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Tanah=, Borneo. 3S. 116E. 76 - -=Tanah, Cape=, Java. 6S. 109E. 76 - -=Tanah Merah=, Malay Pen. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Tanaka=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Ta-nan-hu=, China. 31N. 119E. 85 - -=Tanaputi=, Sumatra. 2N. 101E. 69 - -=Tan-chau=, China. 20N. 109E. 84 - -=Tandi=, Punjab. 33N. 77E. 58 - -=Tanegashima=, Japan. 31N. 131E. 89 - -=Tanen Taung Gyi Mts.=, Burma. 21N. 99E. 67 - -=Tang=, China. 23N. 111E. 84 - -=Tangalle=, Ceylon. 6N. 81E. 63 - -=Tango=, Japan. 36N. 135E. 91 - -=Tanguan, Cape=, Indo-China. 15N. 109E. 71 - -=Ta-ning=, China. 31N. 110E. 84 - -=Tanjong Baley=, Sumatra. 3N. 100E. 69 - -=Tanjong Gelang=, Malay Pen. 4N. 104E. 68 - -=Tanjong Mas=, Malay Pen. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Tanjong Penunjut=, Malay Pen. 4N. 103E. 68 - -=Tanjong Pinang=, Strait of Singapore. 1N. 104E. 69 - -=Tanjong Tohor=, Malay Pen. 2N. 103E. 69 - -[*]=Tanjore=, Madras. 11N. 79E. 63 - -=Tank=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 32N. 71E. 58 - -=Tanon Strait=, Philippine Is. 10N. 123E. 77 - -=Tantalam Island=, Malay Pen. 8N. 101E. 71 - -=Tao-chau=, China. 26N. 112E. 84 - -=Tao-kau=, China. 36N. 115E. 83 - -=Tao-kwang=, Korea. 41N. 129E. 90 - -=Tao-ping=, China. 24N. 117E. 85 - -=Tapah=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 68 - -=Tapapolon=, Siam. 18N. 98E. 70 - -=Ta-pa-shan=, China. 32N. 107E. 82 - -=Ta-ping-ho River=, Burma. 24N. 97E. 67 - -=Ta-ping-orr=, China. 43N. 121E. 83 - -=Tapti River=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -=Ta-pu=, China. 24N. 117E. 85 - -=Tapul Island=, Philippine Is. 6N. 121E. 77 - -=Tara=, Siberia. 57N. 74E. 94 - -=Tarama-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 24N. 124E. 89 - -=Tarang=, Malay Peninsula. 8N. 99E. 71 - -=Tarapur=, Bombay. 20N. 73E. 57 - -=Tarbagatai Mts.=, Asiatic Russia. 47N. 82E. 94 - -=Tarim=, Arabia. 16N. 49E. 44 - -=Tarmuth=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Tarshis=, Persia. 35N. 59E. 45 - -=Tartary, Gulf of=, Siberia. 48N. 141E. 95 - -=Ta-shang= or =Great Sandbank=, China. 34N. 122E. 83 - -=Ta-shi-kiau=, Manchuria. 41N. 122E. 90 - -=Ta-shi-ki River=, China. 26N. 118E. 85 - -=Ta-shi-shan=, China. 34N. 105E. 82 - -=Tashkent=, Turkestan. 41N. 69E. 45 - -=Tash Kopri=, Asia Minor. 42N. 34E. 46 - -=Tashkurghan=, Afghanistan. 36N. 68E. 45 - -=Tasp=, Baluchistan. 27N. 64E. 45 - -=Tassiudon=, Bhutan. 28N. 90E. 61 - -=Tatarsar=, Punjab. 30N. 74E. 58 - -=Tate Ya=, Japan. 37N. 138E. 91 - -=Ta-ting=, China. 27N. 106E. 84 - -=Ta-tong River=, Korea. 39N. 126E. 90 - -=Ta-tsing-shan=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 110E. 82 - -=Ta-tsung-hu=, China. 33N. 120E. 83 - -=Ta-tung=, China. 40N. 113E. 83 - -=Ta-tung-kau=, Manchuria. 40N. 124E. 90 - -=Tatwas=, Rajputana. 27N. 73E. 59 - -=Tau=, China. 35N. 103E. 82 - -=Taungdwing=, Burma. 20N. 96E. 67 - -=Taung-gup Lake=, Burma. 19N. 95E. 67 - -=Taung-gyi=, Burma. 21N. 97E. 67 - -=Taung-ngu=, Burma. 19N. 96E. 67 - -=Taun-gup=, Burma. 19N. 94E. 67 - -=Tau Passage=, Malay Pen. 10N. 100E. 71 - -=Taurus Mts.=, Asia Minor. 36N. 30E. 46 - -=Taurus Mts.=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 38E. 46 - -=Tausk Bay=, Siberia. 59N. 149E. 95 - -=Tavda, River=, Siberia. 58N. 67E. 94 - -=Tavoy=, Burma. 14N. 98E. 71 - -=Tavoy Island=, Burma. 13N. 98E. 71 - -=Tavoy Point=, Burma. 14N. 98E. 71 - -=Tavoy River=, Burma. 14N. 98E. 71 - -=Tawang=, Bhutan. 27N. 92E. 61 - -=Tawar, River=, Malay Pen. 7N. 101E. 68 - -=Tawara=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Tawi Tawi Is.=, Philippine Is. 5N. 120E. 77 - -=Tayabas=, Philippine Islands. 14N. 122E. 77 - -=Tayibeh=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 39E. 47 - -=Tay-ninh=, Indo-China. 11N. 106E. 71 - -=Tayooka=, Japan. 36N. 135E. 91 - -=Ta-ye=, China. 30N. 115E. 85 - -=Taytay=, Philippine Islands. 11N. 119E. 77 - -=Tchaoun Bay=, Siberia. 69N. 171E. 95 - -=Tchaubar=, Persia. 25N. 61E. 45 - -=Tcheripaltcheri=, Madras. 11N. 76E. 63 - -=Tchikisliar=, Turkestan. 38N. 54E. 45 - -=Tchita=, Siberia. 52N. 114E. 95 - -=Tchorum=, Asia Minor. 40N. 35E. 46 - -=Tchuktchees=, Siberia. 65N. 170E. 95 - -=Tchumalari Mt.=, Tibet. 28N. 89E. 61 - -=Tebbing Tinggi=, Malacca Str. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Tebuk=, Arabia. 29N. 37E. 44 - -=Te-chau=, China. 37N. 116E. 83 - -=Te-do=, Korea. 36N. 126E. 90 - -=Tefeni=, Asia Minor. 37N. 30E. 46 - -=Tegal=, Java. 7S. 109E. 76 - -=Tehari=, Central India. 25N. 79E. 60 - -[*]=Teheran=, Persia. 36N. 51E. 45 - -=Teiku=, Burma. 18N. 97E. 67 - -[*]=Teima=, Arabia. 28N. 39E. 44 - -=Tejen River=, Turkestan. 36N. 61E. 45 - -=Tek Myoo=, Burma. 20N. 93E. 61 - -=Tek Naff=, Burma. 21N. 92E. 61 - -=Tekoa=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Tekrit=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 44E. 47 - -=Tek-wen=, Korea. 39N. 127E. 90 - -=Tel River=, Central Provs. 21N. 84E. 60 - -=Telek Lake=, Siberia. 52N. 87E. 94 - -=Telgi=, Bombay. 17N. 76E. 57 - -=Telin=, Burma. 22N. 94E. 67 - -=Tell Ashtara=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Telok Betong=, East Indies. 5S. 105E. 74 - -=Telok Sera=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 68 - -=Teluk Anson=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 68 - -=Tembeling, South=, Malay Pen. 4N. 102E. 68 - -=Tenasserim=, Burma. 12N. 99E. 71 - -=Tenasserim Island=, Burma. 13N. 98E. 71 - -=Tenedos=, Asia Minor. 40N. 26E. 46 - -=Teng=, China. 33N. 112E. 82 - -=Teng=, China. 35N. 117E. 83 - -=Te-ngan=, China. 31N. 114E. 85 - -=Teng-chau=, China. 38N. 121E. 83 - -=Tengiz, Lake=, Asiatic Russia. 46N. 75E. 94 - -=Tengri Nor=, Tibet. 31N. 90E. 61 - -=Tenimber Is.=, East Indies. 7S. 131E. 75 - -=Tenkashi=, Madras. 9N. 77E. 63 - -=Tenom River=, Malay Pen. 4N. 102E. 68 - -=Tenringawa=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Teradomari=, Japan. 38N. 139E. 91 - -=Terekli=, Asia Minor. 40N. 30E. 46 - -=Ternate=, East Indies. 0. 127E. 75 - -=Tersus=, Asia Minor. 37N. 35E. 46 - -=Teshio=, Japan. 44N. 142E. 88 - -=Teshiogawa River=, Japan. 44N. 142E. 88 - -=Teshiotake=, Japan. 43N. 143E. 88 - -=Te-tsing=, China. 23N. 112E. 84 - -=Tetubin, River=, Malay Pen. 7N. 102E. 68 - -=Teun=, Siam. 18N. 99E. 70 - -=Tezpur=, Assam. 27N. 93E. 61 - -=Thabyedaung=, Burma. 21N. 96E. 67 - -=Tha-dua=, Indo-China. 19N. 102E. 70 - -=Thagaya=, Burma. 19N. 96E. 67 - -=Thai-an=, Korea. 37N. 126E. 90 - -=Thai-binh=, Indo-China. 21N. 107E. 70 - -=Thai-nguyen=, Indo-China. 22N. 106E. 70 - -=Thairna River=, Haidarabad. 18N. 77E. 62 - -=Thal=, Punjab. 30N. 69E. 58 - -=Thal=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 71E. 58 - -=Thana=, Bombay. 19N. 73E. 57 - -=Than-Loa=, Indo-China. 20N. 106E. 70 - -=Tharawadi=, Burma. 18N. 96E. 67 - -=Tharsuguda=, Bengal. 22N. 84E. 60 - -=Thatha=, Sind. 25N. 68E. 59 - -=Thaton=, Burma. 17N. 98E. 67 - -=Thaungdut=, Burma. 24N. 95E. 67 - -=Thaungyin River=, Siam. 18N. 98E. 70 - -=Thazi=, Burma. 21N. 96E. 67 - -=Thebez=, Palestine. 32N. 55E. 12 - -=The-ling Mountain=, China. 25N. 113E. 85 - -=Thepong=, Indo-China. 11N. 104E. 71 - -=Thibaw=, Burma. 23N. 97E. 67 - -=Thithesar=, Punjab. 30N. 77E. 58 - -=Thong-hoa=, Indo-China. 22N. 106E. 70 - -=Thongwa=, Burma. 17N. 96E. 67 - -=Thousand Is.=, East Indies. 6S. 107E. 76 - -=Thuan-an=, Indo-China. 17N. 108E. 70 - -=Thuyetmago=, Burma. 19N. 95E. 67 - -=Thuy-hoa=, Indo-China. 13N. 109E. 71 - -=Tiamat=, Siam. 15N. 100E. 70 - -=Tibaw River=, Malay Pen. 7N. 101E. 68 - -[*]=Tiberias=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 13 - -=Ticao=, Philippine Islands. 13N. 123E. 77 - -=Tie-ling=, Manchuria. 42N. 124E. 90 - -=Tien-men=, China. 31N. 113E. 85 - -=Tien-pai=, China. 21N. 111E. 84 - -[*]=Tien-tsin=, China. 39N. 117E. 83 - -=Tien-tuk=, Siam. 15N. 102E. 71 - -=Tien-yen=, Indo-China. 21N. 107E. 70 - -=Tigel=, Siberia. 58N. 159E. 95 - -=Tiger Point=, Burma. 20N. 93E. 67 - -=Tiger Point=, Indo-China. 11N. 108E. 71 - -=Tigris River=, Turkey in Asia. 35N. 43E. 47 - -=Timnath=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Timor=, East Indies. 10S. 125E. 75 - -=Timoraka=, East Indies. 5S. 137E. 75 - -=Timor Laut, N.=, East Indies. 7S. 132E. 75 - -=Timor Laut, S.=, East Indies. 8S. 132E. 75 - -=Timor Sea=, East Indies. 12S. 121E. 74 - -=Tinaca Point=, Philippine Is. 6N. 125E. 77 - -=Tindivanum=, Madras. 12N. 80E. 63 - -=Ting=, China. 38N. 115E. 83 - -=Ting-chau=, China. 26N. 117E. 85 - -=Ting-fan=, China. 26N. 107E. 84 - -=Tinggi River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 101E. 69 - -=Ting-hai=, China. 30N. 122E. 85 - -=Ting-nan=, China. 25N. 115E. 85 - -=Ting-ngan=, China. 20N. 110E. 84 - -=Ting-yuen=, China. 24N. 113E. 85 - -=Ting-yuen=, China. 32N. 108E. 82 - -=Ting-yuen=, China. 33N. 117E. 83 - -=Tinhosa Island=, China. 19N. 111E. 84 - -=Tinian=, East Indies. 15N. 145E. 75 - -=Tink-sai=, Indo-China. 20N. 106E. 70 - -=Tinnevelli=, Madras. 9N. 78E. 63 - -=Tipperah, Hill=, Bengal. 24N. 92E. 61 - -=Tira=, Bombay. 23N. 69E. 56 - -=Tiravallur=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Tirdall=, Bombay. 17N. 75E. 57 - -=Tireboli=, Asia Minor. 41N. 39E. 47 - -=Tiri=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 71E. 58 - -=Tirpetty=, Madras. 14N. 79E. 63 - -=Tirupattura=, Madras. 10N. 79E. 63 - -=Tirzah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Tista River=, Bengal. 26N. 90E. 61 - -=Titabar=, Assam. 27N. 94E. 67 - -=Titalya=, Bengal. 27N. 88E. 61 - -=Ti-tao=, China. 35N. 104E. 82 - -=Toba=, Japan. 34N. 137E. 91 - -=Tobol, River=, Siberia. 58N. 68E. 94 - -=Tobolsk=, Siberia. 58N. 68E. 94 - -=Tochi River=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Tochigi=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Tohamy Lake=, Siberia. 55N. 77E. 94 - -=Toizaki=, Japan. 31N. 131E. 89 - -=Tok=, Indo-China. 12N. 107E. 71 - -=Toka=, Haidarabad. 20N. 75E. 62 - -=Tokachi=, Japan. 42N. 144E. 88 - -=Tokachi=, Japan. 43N. 143E. 88 - -=Tokaido=, Japan. 36N. 139E. 91 - -=Tokamachi=, Japan. 37N. 139E. 91 - -=Tokarak=, Punjab. 31N. 67E. 58 - -[*]=Tokat=, Asia Minor. 40N. 37E. 46 - -[*]=Tokio=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Tokto=, China. 41N. 112E. 82 - -=Tokunoshima=, Lu-Chu Is. 28N. 129E. 89 - -=Tokushima=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Tolbatcha Volcano=, Siberia. 56N. 161E. 95 - -=Tolon=, Philippine Islands. 9N. 123E. 77 - -=To-lo-shan=, China. 36N. 120E. 83 - -=Tolstonovskoye=, Siberia. 70N. 84E. 94 - -=Tomakomai=, Japan. 42N. 142E. 88 - -=Tomamai=, Japan. 44N. 142E. 88 - -=Tomari=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Tomari=, Japan. 43N. 145E. 88 - -=Tomigami, Cape=, Japan. 37N. 141E. 91 - -=Tomini, Gulf of=, East Indies. 0. 121E. 74 - -=Tomoh=, Malay Peninsula. 6N. 102E. 68 - -=Tomori, Bay of=, East Indies. 2S. 122E. 74 - -=Tom, River=, Siberia. 56N. 84E. 94 - -[*]=Tomsk=, Siberia. 56N. 85E. 94 - -=Tonashi=, Lu-Chu Islands. 26N. 127E. 89 - -=Tondi=, Madras, 10N. 79E. 63 - -=Tong=, Burma. 21N. 100E. 67 - -=Tong-King=, Indo-China. 21N. 106E. 70 - -=Tong-King, Gulf of=, Indo-China. 20N. 108E. 70 - -=Tong-kou=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 106E. 82 - -=Tonk=, Rajputana. 26N. 76E. 59 - -=Tonle Sap=, Indo-China. 14N. 109E. 71 - -=Tontoli=, East Indies. 1N. 121E. 74 - -=Tonz Gol=, Asia Minor. 38N. 33E. 46 - -=Tori-shima=, Lu-Chu Islands. 28N. 128E. 89 - -=Torres Strait=, East Indies. 10S. 142E. 75 - -=Tosa=, Japan. 34N. 133E. 91 - -=Tosa=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Tosa Bay=, Japan. 33N. 134E. 91 - -=Tosia=, Asia Minor. 41N. 34E. 46 - -=Totomi=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -[*]=Tottori=, Japan. 36N. 134E. 91 - -=Tourane=, Indo-China. 16N. 108E. 70 - -=Tourane, Cape=, Indo-China. 16N. 108E. 70 - -=Tou-tao-kou=, Manchuria. 43N. 127E. 90 - -=Toyama=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Toyama Bay=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Toyohashi=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Tran Ninh=, Indo-China. 19N. 103E. 70 - -[*]=Tranquebar=, Madras. 11N. 80E. 63 - -=Tras=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 102E. 69 - -=Travancore=, Madras. 9N. 77E. 63 - -=Tre Island=, Indo-China. 12N. 109E. 71 - -[*]=Trebizond=, Asia Minor. 41N. 40E. 46 - -=Trenggalek=, Java. 8S. 111E. 76 - -=Trengganu=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 103E. 68 - -=Trengganu River=, Malay Pen. 5N. 103E. 68 - -=Trenuduk, Gulf=, Malay Pen. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Triang River=, Malay Pen. 3N. 103E. 69 - -=Trichindur=, Madras. 9N. 78E. 63 - -[*]=Trichinopoli=, Madras. 11N. 79E. 63 - -[*]=Trichoor=, Madras. 11N. 76E. 63 - -[*]=Trincomali=, Ceylon. 9N. 81E. 63 - -=Trivandrum=, Madras. 9N. 77E. 63 - -=Trivellore=, Madras. 13N. 80E. 63 - -=Trolak=, Malay Peninsula. 4N. 101E. 68 - -=Tromelin=, East Indies. 10N. 141E. 75 - -=Trouvers Island=, Java. 7S. 106E. 76 - -=Truhawala=, Punjab. 29N. 72E. 59 - -=Tsagan-chulutai=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 111E. 82 - -=Tsang=, China. 38N. 117E. 83 - -=Tsan-pu River=, Tibet. 29N. 92E. 61 - -=Tsao-chau=, China. 35N. 116E. 83 - -=Tsara Nor=, China. 43N. 121E. 83 - -=Tse-chau=, China. 35N. 113E. 82 - -=Tsien-chow=, Indo-China. 19N. 106E. 70 - -=Tsien-tang River=, China. 30N. 120E. 85 - -=Tsi-lan-tai=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 104E. 82 - -=Tsi-mo=, China. 36N. 121E. 83 - -=Tsin=, China. 35N. 106E. 82 - -=Tsin=, China. 36N. 113E. 82 - -=Tsin=, China. 38N. 115E. 83 - -=Tsi-nan=, China. 37N. 117E. 83 - -=Tsing=, China. 26N. 110E. 84 - -=Tsing-chau=, China. 37N. 119E. 83 - -=Tsing-hai=, China. 39N. 117E. 83 - -=Tsing-hai Bay=, China. 37N. 122E. 83 - -=Tsing-hwa=, China. 35N. 113E. 83 - -=Tsing-kiang River=, China. 30N. 111E. 84 - -=Tsing-lo=, China. 38N. 112E. 82 - -=Tsing-ning=, China. 35N. 106E. 82 - -=Tsing-shan Mt.=, China. 25N. 117E. 85 - -=Tsing-shui-ho=, China. 40N. 112E. 82 - -[*]=Tsing-tao=, China. 36N. 120E. 83 - -=Tsing-te=, China. 30N. 118E. 85 - -=Tsing-tien=, China. 28N. 120E. 85 - -=Tsing-yuen=, China. 36N. 105E. 82 - -=Tsin-ho River=, Indo-China. 22N. 105E. 70 - -=Tsi-ning=, China. 35N. 117E. 83 - -=Tsin-kwang-tau=, China. 40N. 119E. 83 - -=Tsin-ling-shan=, China. 34N. 107E. 82 - -=Tsin-ngan=, China. 35N. 106E. 82 - -=Tsin-peng=, Mongolia. 43N. 117E. 83 - -=Tsin-shan=, China. 35N. 120E. 83 - -=Tsong-siong=, Korea. 43N. 130E. 90 - -=Tsu=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Tsubu-Shoto Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 26N. 129E. 89 - -=Tsuchiura=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Tsuchizaki=, Japan. 40N. 140E. 88 - -=Tsuen-chau=, China. 26N. 111E. 84 - -=Tsuen-chau=, China. 23N. 119E. 85 - -=Tsuen-chau Bay=, China. 25N. 119E. 85 - -=Tsugaru Strait=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Tsun=, Manchuria. 46N. 126E. 90 - -=Tsun-feng-shan Mt.=, China. 27N. 116E. 85 - -=Tsung-ngan=, China. 28N. 118E. 85 - -=Tsun-hwa=, China. 40N. 118E. 83 - -=Tsun-i=, China. 28N. 107E. 84 - -=Tsuruga=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Tsurugaoka=, Japan. 39N. 140E. 88 - -=Tsushima=, Japan. 34N. 130E. 89 - -=Tsuwano=, Japan. 35N. 132E. 91 - -=Tsuyama=, Japan. 35N. 134E. 91 - -=Tswan=, China. 37N. 108E. 82 - -=Tsz=, China. 30N. 105E. 84 - -=Tsz-kiang River=, China. 28N. 112E. 84 - -=Tsz-li=, China. 29N. 111E. 84 - -=Tsz-pai-shan=, China. 33N. 106E. 82 - -=Tuanico Strait=, Philippine Is. 11N. 125E. 77 - -=Tuban=, Java. 7S. 112E. 76 - -=Tu-chang=, China. 29N. 116E. 85 - -=Tu-fu=, China. 24N. 106E. 84 - -=Tuguegarao=, Philippine Is. 18N. 122E. 77 - -=Tuhana=, Punjab. 30N. 76E. 58 - -=Tulsipur=, United Provinces. 28N. 82E. 60 - -=Tumen-ula=, Manchuria. 42N. 131E. 90 - -=Tumkur=, Mysore. 13N. 77E. 63 - -=Tun=, Persia. 34N. 58E. 45 - -=Tuna=, Bombay. 23N. 70E. 56 - -=Tundra=, Siberia. 71N. 145E. 95 - -=Tung=, China. 32N. 121E. 83 - -=Tung=, China. 40N. 117E. 83 - -=Tungabudra=, Madras. 16N. 78E. 62 - -=Tung-chang=, China. 36N. 116E. 83 - -=Tung-chau=, China. 35N. 110E. 82 - -=Tung-cheng=, China. 31N. 117E. 85 - -=Tung-chuan=, China. 26N. 104E. 84 - -=Tung-chwan=, China. 31N. 105E. 84 - -=Tung-hai Island=, China. 21N. 110E. 84 - -=Tung-hsiagn=, China. 31N. 108E. 84 - -=Tung-hwa=, Manchuria. 42N. 126E. 90 - -=Tung-hwa Island=, China. 22N. 113E. 85 - -=Tung-kiang=, China. 32N. 107E. 84 - -=Tung-kiang River=, China. 23N. 114E. 85 - -=Tungkiangtze=, Manchuria. 43N. 123E. 90 - -=Tung-king-cheng=, Manchuria. 44N. 129E. 90 - -=Tung-kwan=, China. 23N. 114E. 85 - -=Tung-kwan=, China. 35N. 109E. 82 - -=Tung-kwan=, China. 35N. 110E. 82 - -=Tung-ngan=, China. 25N. 119E. 85 - -=Tung-ngan Bay=, China. 23N. 116E. 85 - -=Tung-ping=, China. 36N. 117E. 83 - -=Tung-shan=, China. 24N. 118E. 85 - -=Tung-tai=, China. 33N. 120E. 83 - -=Tung-tao=, China. 26N. 110E. 84 - -=Tung-ting-hu=, China. 29N. 113E. 85 - -=Tunguska River, Lower=, Siberia. 64N. 88E. 94 - -=Tunguska River, Upper=, Siberia. 58N. 94 - -=Tung-wei=, China. 35N. 105E. 82 - -=Tung-wen-ho=, China. 35N. 118E. 83 - -=Tung-yang=, China. 29N. 120E. 85 - -=Tung-yen=, China. 27N. 109E. 84 - -=Tuni=, Madras. 17N. 83E. 62 - -=Tunjong Bulus=, Malay Pen. 1N. 103E. 69 - -=Turakom=, Indo-China. 18N. 103E. 70 - -=Turcomans=, Turkestan. 40N. 58E. 45 - -=Turinsk=, Siberia. 58N. 64E. 94 - -=Turukhansk=, Siberia. 67N. 96E. 94 - -=Tu-shan=, China. 26N. 108E. 84 - -=Tu-shi-kan=, China. 41N. 116E. 83 - -=Tuss-gong=, Bhutan. 27N. 92E. 61 - -=Tuticorin=, Madras. 9N. 78E. 63 - -=Tuyen-quang=, Indo-China. 22N. 105E. 70 - -=Tu-yun=, China. 26N. 107E. 84 - -=Tuzu River=, Burma. 26N. 95E. 67 - -=Tyngeri=, Inner Mongolia. 38N. 104E. 82 - -=Tyre=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Tyria=, Asia Minor. 38N. 27E. 46 - - -=Ua=, Indo-China. 22N. 102E. 70 - -=Ubon=, Siam. 15N. 105E. 70 - -=Uchi Shima=, Japan. 38N. 137E. 91 - -=Uchur River=, Siberia. 59N. 130E. 95 - -=Udaipur=, Bengal. 23N. 83E. 60 - -=Udaipur=, Rajputana. 25N. 74E. 59 - -=Udajagiri=, Madras. 15N. 79E. 62 - -=Ude=, Inner Mongolia. 44N. 111E. 82 - -=Udgir=, Haidarabad. 18N. 77E. 62 - -=Udinsk Bay=, Siberia. 58N. 164E. 95 - -=Udka Kot=, Punjab. 30N. 71E. 58 - -=Udong=, Indo-China. 12N. 105E. 71 - -=Udskoi=, Siberia. 55N. 135E. 95 - -=Uga=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Uji-shima=, Japan. 31N. 130E. 89 - -=Uke Island=, Lu-Chu Islands. 28N. 129E. 89 - -=Ukushima=, Japan. 33N. 129E. 89 - -=Ulan-muren=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 110E. 82 - -=Ulithi=, East Indies. 10N. 140E. 75 - -=Ulugan Bay=, Philippine Is. 10N. 118E. 77 - -[*]=Umarkot=, Sind. 25N. 70E. 59 - -=Umasi Pass=, Kashmir. 33N. 76E. 58 - -=Umboi Island=, East Indies. 6S. 147E. 75 - -=Umenia=, Central India. 23N. 81E. 60 - -=Uniut=, China. 43N. 119E. 83 - -=Unjunwell=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. 57 - -=Unkovsky Bay=, Korea. 36N. 129E. 90 - -=Uotsu=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Uraccas=, East Indies. 20N. 145E. 75 - -=Urai=, United Provinces. 26N. 79E. 60 - -=Urakawa=, Japan. 42N. 143E. 88 - -=Urawa=, Japan. 36N. 140E. 91 - -=Urdaneta Mt.=, Philippine Is. 9N. 124E. 77 - -=Urfah=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 39E. 47 - -=Urot=, Inner Mongolia. 42N. 108E. 82 - -[*]=Urumiyah=, Persia. 37N. 45E. 47 - -=Urumiyah Lake=, Persia. 38N. 46E. 47 - -=Uska Bazar=, United Provs. 27N. 83E. 60 - -=Ust Kamenogorsk=, Asiatic Russia. 50N. 83E. 94 - -=Ust Strelka=, Siberia. 52N. 121E. 95 - -=Usun-ada=, Turkestan. 40N. 53E. 45 - -=Usu-to Island=, Japan. 42N. 141E. 88 - -[*]=Utakamand=, Madras. 11N. 77E. 63 - -=Utalan=, Haidarabad. 18N. 78E. 62 - -=Utampolliam=, Madras. 10N. 77E. 63 - -=Utaradit=, Siam. 18N. 100E. 70 - -=Utch=, Punjab. 31N. 72E. 58 - -=Utch=, Punjab. 29N. 71E. 59 - -=Uthen=, Siam. 17N. 104E. 70 - -=Utran=, Bombay. 21N. 75E. 56 - -=Uttelli=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -=Utum=, Indo-China. 14N. 106E. 71 - -=Uyeda=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Uyeno=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=U-yu River=, Burma. 25N. 95E. 67 - - -=Vaddadi=, Madras. 18N. 83E. 62 - -=Vaico River, E.=, Indo-China. 11N. 107E. 71 - -=Vaico River, W.=, Indo-China. 11N. 107E. 71 - -[*]=Van=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 43E. 47 - -=Van Diemen Strait=, Japan. 31N. 131E. 89 - -=Vang=, Indo-China. 17N. 106E. 70 - -=Van Lake=, Turkey in Asia. 39N. 42E. 47 - -=Varela, Cape=, Indo-China. 13N. 109E. 71 - -=Va Semeru=, East Indies. 8S. 112E. 74 - -=Vasrai=, Bombay. 21N. 73E. 56 - -=Veh=, Indo-China. 16N. 107E. 70 - -[*]=Vellore=, Madras. 13N. 79E. 63 - -=Verkhoiansk=, Siberia. 67N. 133E. 95 - -=Verkhoiansk Mts.=, Siberia. 65N. 132E. 95 - -=Verknoi Kamtchatsk=, Siberia. 55N. 159E. 95 - -=Verknoi Kolimsk=, Siberia. 66N. 155E. 95 - -=Vernoi Udinsk=, Siberia. 50N. 108E. 94 - -=Victoria=, China. 22N. 114E. 85 - -=Victoria Bay=, Siberia. 44N. 133E. 95 - -=Victoria, Fort=, Bombay. 18N. 73E. 57 - -=Victoria Peak=, Philippine Is. 9N. 118E. 77 - -=Vigan=, Philippine Islands. 18N. 121E. 77 - -=Vigay River=, Madras. 9N. 79E. 63 - -=Vijapur=, Bombay. 24N. 73E. 56 - -=Vijayadurg=, Bombay. 16N. 73E. 57 - -=Vilioni, River=, Siberia. 64N. 124E. 95 - -=Viliusk=, Siberia. 64N. 121E. 95 - -=Vilkitsk Island=, Siberia. 73N. 76E. 94 - -=Villupuram=, Madras. 12N. 80E. 63 - -=Vincennes Strait=, Japan. 30N. 131E. 89 - -=Vingoorla=, Bombay. 16N. 74E. 57 - -=Vinh=, Indo-China. 19N. 106E. 70 - -=Vinhlong=, Indo-China. 10N. 106E. 71 - -=Vipar River=, Madras. 9N. 78E. 63 - -=Viramgam=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. 56 - -=Virawow=, Sind. 24N. 71E. 59 - -=Visayas=, Philippine Islands. 12N. 123E. 77 - -=Vitim, River.=, Siberia. 57N. 114E. 95 - -=Vitimsk=, Siberia. 60N. 113E. 94 - -=Vizagapatam=, Madras. 17N. 83E. 62 - -=Vizianagram=, Madras. 18N. 83E. 62 - -[*]=Vladivostok=, Siberia. 43N. 132E. 95 - -=Volcano Bay=, Japan. 42N. 141E. 88 - -=Volcano Island=, East Indies. 25N. 141E. 75 - -=Vuirawull=, Bombay. 21N. 70E. 56 - -=Vukada=, Japan. 37N. 141E. 91 - -=Vung Chua, C.=, Indo-China. 18N. 107E. 70 - - -=Wadayama=, Japan. 35N. 135E. 91 - -=Wadhwan=, Bombay. 23N. 72E. 56 - -=Wadi=, Haidarabad. 17N. 77E. 62 - -=Wadnagar=, Bombay. 24N. 73E. 56 - -=Wadomari Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 28N. 129E. 89 - -=Wady Dauasir=, Arabia. 20N. 45E. 44 - -=Wai=, Bombay. 18N. 74E. 57 - -=Waigeu Island=, East Indies. 0. 131E. 75 - -=Waingapu=, East Indies. 10S. 120E. 74 - -=Wajima=, Japan. 37N. 137E. 91 - -=Wakamatsu=, Japan. 38N. 140E. 91 - -=Wakasa=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -=Wakasa Bay=, Japan. 36N. 136E. 91 - -[*]=Wakayama=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Wakhan=, Central Asia. 37N. 74E. 45 - -=Wakkanai=, Japan. 45N. 142E. 88 - -=Walckenaer Bay=, East Indies. 2S. 140E. 75 - -=Walfish Bay=, Japan. 43N. 145E. 88 - -=Waltair=, Madras. 18N. 83E. 62 - -=Wana=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 32N. 69E. 58 - -=Wang=, Inner Mongolia. 40N. 110E. 82 - -=Wanga Bazar=, Sind. 24N. 69E. 59 - -=Wang-je-fu=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 105E. 82 - -=Wan-hien=, China. 31N. 108E. 84 - -=Wankanir=, Bombay. 23N. 71E. 56 - -=Warangul=, Haidarabad. 18N. 80E. 62 - -=Wardha=, Central Provinces. 21N. 79E. 60 - -=Warora=, Central Provinces. 20N. 79E. 60 - -=Washington Gulf=, Korea. 34N. 126E. 90 - -=Wazirabad=, Punjab. 32N. 74E. 58 - -=Waziristan=, N.W. Frontier Provs. 33N. 70E. 58 - -=Weda=, East Indies. 0. 127E. 75 - -=Wei=, China. 37N. 119E. 83 - -=Wei-chang=, China. 42N. 117E. 83 - -[*]=Wei-hai-wei=, China. 37N. 122E. 83 - -=Wei-ho=, China. 34N. 105E. 82 - -=Wei-ho=, China. 35N. 105E. 82 - -=Wei-ho=, China. 38N. 117E. 83 - -=Wei-hwei=, China. 35N. 114E. 83 - -=Wei-ning=, China. 27N. 105E. 84 - -=Welcome Bay=, Java. 7S. 105E. 76 - -=Weld, Pt.=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 101E. 68 - -=Wellesley=, Malay Peninsula. 5N. 100E. 68 - -=Wen-chau=, China. 28N. 121E. 85 - -=Wen-chau Bay=, China. 28N. 121E. 85 - -=Wen-hs=, China. 33N. 104E. 82 - -=Wen-ju=, Korea. 37N. 128E. 90 - -=Wensan=, Korea. 39N. 127E. 90 - -=Wen-teng=, China. 37N. 122E. 83 - -=Werdi=, Turkey in Asia. 34N. 41E. 47 - -=West River=, China. 23N. 111E. 84 - -=Wetter=, East Indies. 8S. 126E. 75 - -=White, Fort=, Burma. 23N. 94E. 67 - -=White Island=, Siberia. 73N. 71E. 94 - -=Widjowa=, Rajputana. 25N. 73E. 59 - -=Wiernoie=, Asiatic Russia. 44N. 78E. 94 - -[*]=Wi-ju=, Korea. 40N. 125E. 90 - -=Wolia=, East Indies. 7N. 144E. 75 - -=Wonosari=, Java. 8S. 111E. 76 - -=Woon Shan=, China. 28N. 118E. 85 - -=Wowrie=, Sind. 25N. 70E. 59 - -=Wrangell Island=, Siberia. 71N. 179E. 95 - -=Wu-chau=, China. 23N. 111E. 84 - -[*]=Wu-chang=, China. 30N. 114E. 85 - -=Wu-chi-shan=, China. 19N. 110E. 84 - -=Wu-chwan=, China. 21N. 111E. 84 - -=Wu-chwan=, China. 28N. 108E. 84 - -=Wu-hi-shan=, China. 36N. 111E. 82 - -=Wu-hu=, China. 31N. 118E. 85 - -=Wu-kang=, China. 27N. 111E. 84 - -=Wu-kan-ling=, China. 27N. 114E. 85 - -=Wu-kiang River=, China. 27N. 108E. 84 - -=Wu-la-ho=, Inner Mongolia. 41N. 107E. 82 - -=Wulitun=, Manchuria. 42N. 124E. 90 - -=Wulur Lake=, Kashmir. 34N. 75E. 58 - -=Wun=, Berar. 20N. 79E. 60 - -=Wu-ni-kiang River=, China. 24N. 109E. 84 - -=Wu-ning=, China. 29N. 115E. 85 - -=Wuntho=, Burma. 24N. 96E. 67 - -=Wu-ping=, China. 25N. 116E. 85 - -=Wurdha River=, Berar. 20N. 79E. 60 - -=Wu-shan=, China. 31N. 111E. 84 - -=Wu-shin=, Inner Mongolia. 39N. 109E. 82 - -=Wu-sueh=, China. 30N. 116E. 85 - -=Wu-sung=, China. 32N. 121E. 85 - -=Wu-tai=, China. 39N. 113E. 83 - -=Wu-tai-shan=, China. 39N. 114E. 83 - -=Wu-ting=, China. 38N. 118E. 83 - -=Wu-ting-ho=, China. 38N. 109E. 82 - -=Wu-yi-shan=, China. 28N. 118E. 85 - -=Wu-yuen=, China. 23N. 108E. 84 - -=Wynkoops Bay=, Java. 7S. 106E. 76 - - -=Xuan-Dai=, Indo-China. 13N. 109E. 71 - -=Xuan-Dai Bay=, Indo-China. 13N. 109E. 71 - - -=Yabari=, Japan. 42N. 142E. 88 - -=Yablonoi Mts.=, Siberia. 52N. 112E. 94 - -=Yai-chau=, China. 19N. 109E. 84 - -=Yakan, Cape=, Siberia. 70N. 178E. 95 - -=Yakushima=, Japan. 30N. 131E. 89 - -[*]=Yakutsk=, Siberia. 62N. 130E. 95 - -=Yalkundapuram=, Madras. 11N. 79E. 63 - -=Yalmal Peninsula=, Siberia. 70N. 70E. 94 - -[*]=Yalu River=, Korea. 40N. 125E. 90 - -=Yama=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Yamada=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Yamagata=, Japan. 38N. 141E. 88 - -[*]=Yamaguchi=, Japan. 34N. 131E. 89 - -=Yamato=, Japan. 34N. 136E. 91 - -=Yamethin=, Burma. 20N. 96E. 67 - -=Yana, River=, Siberia. 71N. 135E. 95 - -=Yanaon=, Madras. 17N. 82E. 62 - -[*]=Yanbo=, Arabia. 24N. 38E. 44 - -=Yang=, China. 25N. 113E. 85 - -=Yang-chau=, China. 32N. 119E. 83 - -=Yang-ju=, Korea. 38N. 127E. 90 - -=Yang-kao=, China. 40N. 114E. 83 - -=Yang-kiang=, China. 22N. 112E. 84 - -=Yang-sho=, China. 24N. 111E. 84 - -=Yang-yang=, Korea. 38N. 128E. 90 - -=Yao=, China. 35N. 109E. 82 - -=Yao=, Japan. 35N. 136E. 91 - -=Yap=, East Indies. 10N. 137E. 75 - -=Yari-ga Te=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Yarmuk, River=, Palestine. 33N. 36E. 12 - -=Yasen Cape=, Asia Minor. 41N. 38E. 47 - -=Yashiro, South=, Japan. 34N. 132E. 91 - -=Yatsauk=, Burma. 21N. 97E. 67 - -=Yatsugataka=, Japan. 36N. 138E. 91 - -=Yatsukota=, Japan. 41N. 141E. 88 - -=Yatsushiro=, Japan. 32N. 131E. 89 - -=Yawata=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Yawata=, Japan. 36N. 137E. 91 - -=Yayeyama Is.=, Lu-Chu Is. 24N. 126E. 89 - -=Yazaki=, Japan. 38N. 138E. 88 - -=Ye-ju=, Korea. 37N. 127E. 90 - -=Yellandu=, Haidarabad. 18N. 80E. 62 - -=Yenama=, Burma. 20N. 95E. 67 - -=Yenangyaung=, Burma. 21N. 95E. 67 - -=Yen-bai=, Indo-China. 21N. 105E. 70 - -=Yen-chang=, China. 37N. 109E. 82 - -=Yen-chau=, China. 30N. 119E. 85 - -=Yen-chau=, China. 36N. 117E. 83 - -=Yeng-chen=, Korea. 40N. 125E. 90 - -=Yeng-hai=, Korea. 37N. 129E. 90 - -=Yeng-heung=, Korea. 40N. 127E. 90 - -=Yeng-pyen=, Korea. 40N. 126E. 90 - -=Yenisei, River=, Siberia. 69N. 87E. 94 - -=Yeniseisk=, Siberia. 59N. 92E. 94 - -=Yen-ngan=, China. 37N. 109E. 82 - -=Yen-ping=, China. 26N. 118E. 85 - -=Yen-shan=, China. 38N. 117E. 83 - -=Yen-shui=, China. 37N. 110E. 82 - -=Yentai Mines=, Manchuria. 41N. 123E. 90 - -=Yen-tsin=, China. 31N. 110E. 84 - -=Yeotmal=, Berar. 20N. 78E. 60 - -=Yeotrup Minbya=, Burma. 20N. 93E. 67 - -=Yerimozaki=, Japan. 42N. 143E. 88 - -=Yero=, Lu-Chu Islands. 28N. 129E. 89 - -=Yeshida=, Japan. 33N. 133E. 91 - -=Yeshil Irmak R.=, Asia Minor. 41N. 37E. 46 - -=Yesvantpur=, Mysore. 13N. 77E. 63 - -=Yeu=, Burma. 23N. 95E. 67 - -=Yey=, Burma. 15N. 98E. 67 - -=Yezd=, Persia. 32N. 53E. 45 - -=Yezo=, Japan. 43N. 143E. 88 - -=Yezo Strait=, Japan. 43N. 145E. 88 - -=Yi=, China. 30N. 118E. 85 - -=Yi=, China. 39N. 115E. 83 - -=Ying=, China. 40N. 113E. 83 - -=Ying-chau=, China. 33N. 116E. 83 - -=Ying-kou=, Manchuria. 41N. 122E. 90 - -=Ying-pan-shima=, China. 37N. 104E. 82 - -=Ying-shang=, China. 31N. 116E. 85 - -=Ying-yu-men=, China. 35N. 120E. 83 - -=Yin-te=, China. 24N. 113E. 85 - -=Yi-wan Bay=, China. 28N. 121E. 85 - -=Yi-yang=, China. 28N. 112E. 84 - -=Yi-yang=, China. 28N. 118E. 85 - -=Yo-chau=, China. 29N. 113E. 85 - -=Yokasuka=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Yokkaichi=, Japan. 35N. 137E. 91 - -=Yokoate-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 29N. 129E. 89 - -[*]=Yokohama=, Japan. 35N. 140E. 91 - -=Yokosuka=, Japan. 35N. 138E. 91 - -=Yokote=, Japan. 39N. 141E. 88 - -=Yolo Island=, Philippine Is. 6N. 121E. 77 - -=Yonakuni-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 24N. 123E. 89 - -=Yoneko=, Japan. 35N. 133E. 91 - -=Yonezawa=, Japan. 38N. 140E. 91 - -=Yoron-shima=, Lu-Chu Is. 27N. 129E. 89 - -=Yoshinogawa=, Japan. 34N. 134E. 91 - -=Yu=, China. 27N. 113E. 85 - -=Yu=, China. 40N. 115E. 83 - -=Yu-chau=, China. 33N. 113E. 82 - -=Yu-chou Peninsula=, China. 35N. 120E. 83 - -=Yuen-chau=, China. 27N. 109E. 84 - -=Yuen-chau=, China. 28N. 114E. 85 - -=Yuen-kiang River=, China. 28N. 111E. 84 - -=Yuen-ku=, China. 35N. 112E. 82 - -=Yu-ho River=, China. 28N. 116E. 85 - -=Yu-hwan-shan=, China. 28N. 121E. 85 - -=Yu-kan=, China. 28N. 117E. 85 - -=Yu-kiang River=, China. 23N. 107E. 84 - -=Yule Mountain=, East Indies. 8S. 148E. 75 - -=Yu-lin=, China. 22N. 110E. 84 - -=Yu-lin=, China. 38N. 109E. 82 - -=Yu-lin-kan Bay=, China. 18N. 110E. 84 - -=Yun=, China. 26N. 104E. 84 - -=Yun-chung-shima=, China. 39N. 112E. 82 - -=Yun-luen=, China. 28N. 104E. 84 - -=Yung=, China. 23N. 110E. 84 - -=Yung=, China. 30N. 104E. 84 - -=Yung-cha=, China. 26N. 112E. 84 - -=Yung-cheng=, China. 37N. 123E. 83 - -=Yung-chun=, China. 25N. 118E. 85 - -=Yung-ho=, China. 35N. 110E. 82 - -=Yung-ngan=, China. 24N. 111E. 84 - -=Yung-ning=, China. 25N. 110E. 84 - -=Yung-ning=, China. 26N. 106E. 84 - -=Yung-ning=, China. 34N. 112E. 82 - -=Yung-ning=, China. 37N. 111E. 82 - -=Yung-ping=, China. 40N. 119E. 83 - -=Yung-shan=, China. 28N. 104E. 84 - -=Yung-shun=, China. 29N. 110E. 84 - -=Yung-sui=, China. 28N. 109E. 84 - -=Yun-ho=, China. 28N. 119E. 85 - -=Yun-nan=, China. 25N. 103E. 84 - -=Yun-yang=, China. 33N. 111E. 82 - -=Yuomi=, Lu-Chu Islands. 29N. 129E. 89 - -=Yu-tsai-shan=, China. 35N. 114E. 83 - -=Yuwasa=, Japan. 34N. 135E. 91 - -=Yu-yang=, China. 28N. 109E. 84 - -=Yuzgat=, Asia Minor. 40N. 35E. 46 - - -=Zafaranboli=, Asia Minor. 41N. 33E. 46 - -=Zagros Mts.=, Turkey in Asia. 36N. 45E. 47 - -=Zairat=, Punjab. 30N. 68E. 58 - -=Zaisang, Lake=, Asiatic Russia. 48N. 84E. 94 - -=Zakhu=, Turkey in Asia. 37N. 43E. 47 - -=Zamboanga=, Philippine Is. 7N. 122E. 77 - -=Zamie River=, Burma. 16N. 98E. 67 - -=Zanoah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Zara=, Turkey in Asia. 40N. 38E. 47 - -=Zarafshan River=, Turkestan. 40N. 67E. 45 - -=Zarang Desert=, Persia. 35N. 52E. 45 - -=Zarephath=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Zayan Mountains=, Siberia. 52N. 96E. 94 - -=Zebu Island=, Philippine Is. 11N. 124E. 77 - -[*]=Zebulon=, Palestine. 33N. 35E. 12 - -=Zeitun=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 37E. 46 - -=Zeitun=, Turkey in Asia. 38N. 41E. 47 - -=Zeya River=, Siberia. 50N. 127E. 95 - -=Zhob=, Punjab. 31N. 69E. 58 - -=Zhob River=, Punjab. 32N. 70E. 58 - -=Ziklag=, Palestine. 31N. 35E. 12 - -[*]=Zileh=, Asia Minor. 40N. 36E. 46 - -=Zinjan=, Persia. 37N. 48E. 47 - -=Zmeinogorsk=, Siberia. 52N. 82E. 94 - -=Zobeir=, Turkey in Asia. 30N. 48E. 47 - -=Zorah=, Palestine. 32N. 35E. 12 - -=Zulfiear=, Persia. 36N. 61E. 45 - - -THE TEMPLE PRESS, PRINTERS, LETCHWORTH - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Literary and Historical Atlas of Asia, by -J. 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