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diff --git a/40427-8.txt b/40427-0.txt index 5b8589e..4bd16c2 100644 --- a/40427-8.txt +++ b/40427-0.txt @@ -1,35 +1,4 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Report of the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy and -Greenfield Railroad, by the Joint Standing Committee of 1866., by Tappan Wentworth - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Report of the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy and Greenfield Railroad, by the Joint Standing Committee of 1866. - -Author: Tappan Wentworth - -Release Date: August 6, 2012 [EBook #40427] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE HOOSAC TUNNEL *** - - - - -Produced by Tom Cosmas - - - - - - - +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40427 *** Transcriber's Notes: @@ -1672,21 +1641,21 @@ substitution of straight lines. Others, where the expense of reduction is not very heavy, will be materially changed. The alterations below Shelburne Falls are substantially as follows:-- - A straight line substituted for one 2°, one 4° and one 6° curve. - One 2° curve substituted for one 4° curve. - Four 4° " " " four 6° " - One 3° " " " one 6° " - Three 3° " " " three 6° " - Five 5° 30' " " " five 6° " - One 3° 30' " " " two 6° " - One 4° and two 2° curve substituted for three 6° curve, - saving 45° and 60 feet. - One 5° 40' curve substituted for one 7° curve. - One 6° " " " one 7° " - Three 7° " " " three 8° " - One 5° " " " two 5° and one 6° curve. - Two 3° " " " two 6° curve, - saving 30° and 40 feet. + A straight line substituted for one 2°, one 4° and one 6° curve. + One 2° curve substituted for one 4° curve. + Four 4° " " " four 6° " + One 3° " " " one 6° " + Three 3° " " " three 6° " + Five 5° 30' " " " five 6° " + One 3° 30' " " " two 6° " + One 4° and two 2° curve substituted for three 6° curve, + saving 45° and 60 feet. + One 5° 40' curve substituted for one 7° curve. + One 6° " " " one 7° " + Three 7° " " " three 8° " + One 5° " " " two 5° and one 6° curve. + Two 3° " " " two 6° curve, + saving 30° and 40 feet. The same plan for improving the line above the falls will be pursued, so that when completed, the road combining the alignment with the gradients @@ -4259,7 +4228,7 @@ decimal fractions were standardized to show decimals for all values in the column. Spelling was standardized to the most prevalent form. Punctuation was left as printed. -On page 42 the curve value 3-1/2° was changed to 3° 30' to match the +On page 42 the curve value 3-1/2° was changed to 3° 30' to match the other similar values. The sum of the shares in the table in Appendix A on pages 50-51 should total 4,610 shares but was printed as 0,000. This was assumed to be a typographical error. @@ -4272,358 +4241,4 @@ was assumed to be a typographical error. End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Report of the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy and Greenfield Railroad, by the Joint Standing Committee of 1866., by Tappan Wentworth -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE HOOSAC TUNNEL *** - -***** This file should be named 40427-8.txt or 40427-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/4/2/40427/ - -Produced by Tom Cosmas - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Report of the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy and Greenfield Railroad, by the Joint Standing Committee of 1866. - -Author: Tappan Wentworth - -Release Date: August 6, 2012 [EBook #40427] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE HOOSAC TUNNEL *** - - - - -Produced by Tom Cosmas - - - - - -</pre> - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40427 ***</div> <hr class="tb" /> <div class="figcenter" style="width: 355px;"> @@ -6404,381 +6369,6 @@ printed as 0,000. This was assumed to be a typographical error.</p> <hr class="tb" /> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Report of the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy -and Greenfield Railroad, by the Joint Standing Committee of 1866., by Tappan Wentworth - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE HOOSAC TUNNEL *** - -***** This file should be named 40427-h.htm or 40427-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/4/2/40427/ - -Produced by Tom Cosmas - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Report of the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy and Greenfield Railroad, by the Joint Standing Committee of 1866. - -Author: Tappan Wentworth - -Release Date: August 6, 2012 [EBook #40427] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE HOOSAC TUNNEL *** - - - - -Produced by Tom Cosmas - - - - - - - - -Transcriber's Notes: - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - Notation for whole and fractional part is 55-416/1000 - - * * * * * - - - - - SENATE...... ......No. 59. - ======================================== - - REPORT - - ON THE - - - HOOSAC TUNNEL AND TROY AND - - - GREENFIELD RAILROAD, - - - BY THE - - - JOINT STANDING COMMITTEE - - - OF - - - 1866. - - - ----- - - - BOSTON: - - WRIGHT & POTTER, STATE PRINTERS, - - NO. 4 SPRING LANE. - - 1867. - - - - -Commonwealth of Massachusetts. - -Hon. JOSEPH A. POND, _President of the Senate_. - -SIR:--I herewith transmit to the legislature the Report of the Joint -Standing Committee of 1866 on the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy and Greenfield -Railroad. - - I am very respectfully - Your obedient servant, - - TAPPAN WENTWORTH, _Chairman_. - - - - -REPORT. - - -The Joint Standing Committee of 1866 on the Hoosac Tunnel and the Troy -and Greenfield Railroad, authorized to visit the tunnel and railroad, -examine into the condition and progress of the work, and to report fully -the result of such examination respectfully - - -REPORT: - -That since the adjournment of the legislature the Committee in a body -visited the tunnel and railroad in June, and again in October, and they -continued their examination of the condition and progress of the work by -sub-committees in the months of July, August, September, November and -December; (one of the examinations being exclusively devoted to the -operations on the railroad which were commenced late in October;) the -others to the tunnel and the various structures and mechanical -operations connected therewith, including an examination of the existing -contracts, and an inquiry into the general organization adopted to carry -out the laws and purposes of the State in regard to the enterprise. - -The Committee have also examined the records and the doings of the -directors of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad from the organization of -the corporation until the surrender of the railroad to the State, and -have made extracts from the records to show the financial condition of -the corporation, its dealings with the contractors for constructing the -road and tunnel, and also the embarrassed condition of the contractors -and corporation from 1855 to 1861, which finally led to the practical -abandonment of the contract on the part of Messrs. H. Haupt & Company, -and the surrender of the road to the State under the mortgages which had -been given to secure the loan advanced by the Commonwealth in aid of the -road and tunnel. These extracts from the records, with extracts from -some of the laws passed upon the subject of the railroad and tunnel, -together with remarks of the Committee upon the legislation of the -State, the doings of the directors, and their efforts and those of the -contractors to prosecute the enterprise being too long for the body of -this Report, will be found in the Appendix at A. And a synopsis of the -action and condition of the corporation at the time of, and previous to -the surrender of the road, and the relation of the contractors to the -corporation and to the State, will be stated before entering upon the -particular description of the condition and progress of the work the -present year, as observed by the Committee. - -The charter of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad was granted in 1848, -authorizing the construction of a railroad from a "point on the Vermont -and Massachusetts Railroad, at or near Greenfield," to the line of the -States of New York or Vermont, to connect with any railroad that might -be constructed from or near the city of Troy in New York. Its capital -stock was limited to $3,500,000. Authority was given in the charter to -contract with any contiguous railroad leading from either of the -above-named States, for the use of the same or any part thereof, or for -operating the two roads conjointly, or for hiring such other railroad, -or for letting their own railroad to the owners of any other road which -should compose a part of the railroad line between Troy and Boston, of -which the Troy and Greenfield Railroad should be a part. - -The corporation was organized June 1, 1848. April 11, 1849, the -directors voted an assessment of three per cent. upon its capital stock, -and this assessment was the only one that was substantially collected, -and on the first day of October, in the same year, they voted to put the -construction of the road under contract as soon as sufficient -subscription should be obtained therefore, commencing at Pownal, -Vermont, and Greenfield. In January, 1850, $2,203.94 had been received -into the treasury, and $2,203.57 had been expended with the approbation -of the president of the corporation, leaving in the treasurer's hand -$0.37. - -Sundry assessments was voted from time to, time, the last vote being in -May, 1852, amounting in all to 75 per cent. upon the subscriptions, but -they were rescinded in July, 1858, and a new series of assessments were -afterwards made which the Committee understand were as unproductive of -beneficial results as were the former, upon which only partial payments -had been made by a portion of the subscribers. - -A contract for constructing the road was made with Messrs. Gilman and -Carpenter in October, 1850. At the close of the year 1850, stock to the -amount of $250,800 had been subscribed, of which $72,000 was payable in -land damages, and $50,000 was taken by the contractors. - -At this period in the history of the corporation, with $138,800 of -available cash subscription, of which three per cent. had been paid, the -corporation applied to the State for aid by a loan to enable it to -prosecute the enterprise it had assumed, and this application was -continued without success until 1854, when the legislature passed the -Act authorizing a loan of $2,000,000, upon conditions which are -particularly set forth in the Loan Act, (see Appendix A and B,) which, -modified by subsequent legislation, discloses the policy of the State in -granting its assistance to the undertaking. - -It is proper to state, that at the time this loan was granted, there was -no prospect of opening this line of travel by individual efforts, and -the amount of the loan, taking into consideration the then assumed -estimates of its probable cost, shows that the State assumed to defray -the cost of an enterprise to the completion of which available -individual means had proved inadequate. - -In 1855, a contract for the construction of the road and tunnel was made -with E. W. Serrell. The capital stock of the corporation was fixed at -$1,500,000. This contract was changed two or three times, and finally -ended in one executed by H. Haupt and Henry Cartwright. For an account -of these changes, and of the votes and transactions of the directors and -the contractors, reference is made to Appendix A, where the same will be -found in detail. - -Upon a careful examination of these votes and transactions, the -Committee come to the conclusion that the financial embarrassments of -the corporation from the year 1855, when the first contract with E. W. -Serrell was made to the time of the suspension of the works under the -last contract with H. Haupt & Co., are apparent. And it is also apparent -that during the same time, the contractors assumed, to a very great -extent, the control and responsibility of the enterprise. - -Under the first contract, and on the day of its acceptance, the -direction of the engineering operations within the tunnel was left with -the contractor; excepting measuring for estimates and the final -acceptance of the work; and on his subscribing $600,000 to the capital -stock, $800,000 (less the new subscriptions,) was added to the contract -prices for the work. - -Under the second contract with Serrell, Haupt & Co., the directors voted -to substitute bonds for stock in payment of the work until 2,000 feet of -the tunnel was completed, and to pay the discounts and losses to which -the contractors might be required to submit, not exceeding fifteen per -cent. per annum; and also, to issue to the contractors bonds to the -amount of $100,000 in addition to payments. Said bonds were to be sold -or pledged by Haupt & Co., to enable them to raise means to carry on -their operations under the contract. - -On the dissolution of the firm of Serrell, Haupt & Co., in July 1856, -Serrell resigned his office as director and was chosen consulting -engineer. At the same time, W. A. Galbraith, one of the contractors in -the following contract, was chosen a director. Thereupon a new contract -was made with H. Haupt, W. A. Galbraith, C. B. Duncan and Henry -Cartwright. Under this contract the estimates were to be made by the -company's engineer. In July, 1857, the records show that no payments had -been made the contractors for more than a year, and that the work could -be carried on only by the continued efforts and personal credit of the -contractors. - -In February, 1858, the contract was again changed, and Messrs. Haupt and -Cartwright engaged with the corporation to complete the road and tunnel. -At this time, the records show that no payments had been made under the -previous contracts "for more than two years; that the work could only be -carried on by the continued efforts, increased expenditures, and -personal credit of the contractors." - -By a provision of this contract, any revenue arising from the use of the -road, or any portion of it, was assigned to the contractors until their -claims upon the company were adjusted; and the payment of all the -company's debts was to be deferred until that of the contractors was -satisfied; and Haupt & Co. agreed to maintain the organization of the -corporation, pay its bills for printing, and advance therefore a sum not -less than $500,000. - -The same year the Rensselaer Iron Company was allowed a lien on the iron -delivered to the contractors until the same was paid for. In 1859, H. -Haupt relinquished his pecuniary interest in the contract, and was -appointed chief engineer of the corporation. (See Appendix A, page 62.) -These transactions in which the contractors participated, (one of whom -was on the board of directors,) show conclusively that they were fully -apprized of the condition of the corporation, from the date of their -first connection with the work to the time of its "suspension," no claim -during the whole period having been made by them against the -Commonwealth for any work done for the corporation. - -The existence of the mortgages to the State were of course well known to -the contractors. They were given in pursuance of laws passed by the -legislature, and for security of the payments received by the -contractors for their services. The right of the Commonwealth to take -possession of the railroad under the mortgages, must have been well -understood. Further, the corporation, in surrendering the road to the -State, did no injury to the contractors, for the act of surrender did -not take place until after the contractors had suspended work upon both -road and tunnel, and practically abandoned the enterprise; thus leaving -to the State the alternative, either to take possession of the work and -complete the road and tunnel, or to abandon it; and, in addition to the -loss of the advances already made, forego the anticipated benefits of an -additional avenue for Western traffic. - -The treasurer's books do not show any settlement between Haupt and -Company and the corporation. The account standing upon the ledger shows -a large balance against the contractors; but the Committee are informed -that subsequent to May 30, 1863, a settlement was made upon the basis of -Mr. Stevenson's report (see Appendix A,) and that Mr. Haupt received, in -conformity with the contract of H. Haupt & Co. with the Troy and -Greenfield corporation, payment for all labor done and material -furnished by said H. Haupt & Co., for the corporation, and that all -matters between the parties have been adjusted. - -Although the accounts between the contractors and the corporation are -understood to be settled, it may be interesting to examine the account -of the Commonwealth with the enterprise and compare the value of the -work done by the contractors at the time of its abandonment by them, -with the payments made to them therefore, from the treasury of the -State. - - The amount paid from the State treasury for work - and materials upon the tunnel, $170,131 95 - Amount paid upon the road west of the tunnel, 50,000 00 - Amount paid upon the road east of the tunnel, 505,256 92 - ----------- - $725,388 87 - Amount earned by contractors under - the contract upon the tunnel, $129,475 00 - Amount earned by contractors under - the contract, upon the road west - of tunnel, 50,000 00 - Amount earned by contractors under - the contract, upon the road east of - tunnel, including temporary work, 410,204 00 - ----------- - 589,679 00 - ----------- - $135,709 87 - Overpayment in reckoning sterling exchange, say, 44,000 00 - ----------- - Overpayment when the work stopped in July, 1861, $179,709 87 - Further payments made upon the work by the - State from July 1861 to January 1867, 140,226 95 - ----------- - Total amount paid more than earned, $319,936 82 - -From the foregoing statement it appears that the contractors with the -Troy and Greenfield Railroad corporation, have received from the State, -three hundred and nineteen thousand nine hundred and thirty-six dollars -and eighty-two cents more than the value of the work which the -corporation surrendered under the mortgage, and that the State has lost -that amount of money in its efforts to assist in the construction of the -work. It is proper to add as the judgment of the very intelligent -chairman of the commissioners (Mr. J. W. Brooks,) from whose statement -to the Committee the foregoing figures are taken, that the loss to the -State in the transaction by the failure of Messrs. B. Haupt & Co., to -perform their contract in a proper manner, will reach the sum of three -hundred and fifty thousand dollars. (See statement, Appendix C.) - -The Commonwealth having taken possession of the road and tunnel, and by -the legislation of 1862 and 1863 undertaken their construction with the -free consent of the corporation, the directors by an appropriate vote, -expressed their concurrence with the proceeding, and their reliance upon -the "good faith of the legislature" to complete the enterprise which had -exhausted the resources of its immediate projectors. The last act of the -corporation, as appears by the records, was the choice of officers in -August, 1865, when Alvah Crocker was chosen president and Wendell T. -Davis, clerk and treasurer. - - -DESCRIPTION OF THE TUNNEL. - -The tunnel enters the eastern side of the Hoosac Mountain, in the town -of Florida, a few rods from the right bank of the Deerfield River. The -eastern summit of the mountain is 2,210 feet above tide-water, 1,499 -feet above the Deerfield River, 1,429 feet above the grade of the -railroad, and is distant from the East Portal of the tunnel 6,100 feet. -The western summit is 2,510 feet above tide-water 1,788 feet above the -Hoosac River, 1,718 feet above the grade of the railroad, and 6,700 feet -distant from the West Portal. Each portal of the tunnel is 766 feet -above tide-water. The summits are 2-41/100 miles distant from each -other, and the valley between them at its lowest depression is 801 feet -above the grade of the railroad. - -The length of the tunnel, from the East End to the West End, as -commenced by Mr. Haupt, is 4-84/100 miles. Its base is, at the East End, -70 feet above the Deerfield River, and at the West End, 70 feet above -the Hoosac River. Its grade, from the East End to the Central Shaft, is -18 feet per mile; from the West End to West Shaft, 26-4/10 feet per -mile; and from the West Shaft towards the Central Shaft, 21-12/100 feet -per mile. These grades are calculated to allow the free passage of water -from the centre. Should the quantity of water found in the tunnel render -feasible a reduction of this grade, a change is contemplated. - -[Illustration: Profile of the Hoosac Mountains] - -The dimensions of the tunnel areas follows: The rock cutting is 24 feet -high and 24 feet wide. The brick-work is 26 feet high and 26 feet wide. -The bottom of the tunnel will contain a culvert three feet deep at the -centre. Through this culvert the water from the tunnel is to be -discharged. It now receives, in addition to the water accumulating in -the tunnel, a 12-inch pipe, to carry air at a low pressure for -ventilation; an 8-inch pipe to carry air for driving the drilling -machines; and a 3-inch pipe for carrying water for use in the holes -which are being drilled. Should it be found advisable to use gas in -carrying on the work, provision is made for a 4-inch pipe to carry the -gas from the place of manufacture. The track is to be placed 3-1/2 feet -above the bottom of the rock tunnel, and 4-1/2 feet above the bottom, -where lined with brick. - -The distance by the highway, from the town of North Adams, or from the -West End to the East End of the tunnel, is about nine miles. From the -first named points to the Central Shaft is about five miles, and from -the Central Shaft to the East End the distance is six miles. - -The time necessary to travel from the West End to the East End, is two -hours. Loaded teams from either end to the other perform the distance -and return in a day. - -_Organization of the forces employed in the construction of the Hoosac -Tunnel, June, 1866._ - - Chief engineer Thomas Doane, salary, $4,000 00 - Two assistant engineers, salary each, 1,350 00 - One " " " 1,017 25 - One " " " 900 00 - [The assistants were assigned to different points - upon the work.] - One messenger, 469 50 - One man in the stable, 626 00 - Paul Hill, superintendent, salary, 2,400 00 - One clerk, 1,200 00 - One master mechanic, 1,800 00 - One mechanical draftsman, 1,350 00 - One pattern maker, 939 00 - - _For Materials and Supplies:_ - One cashier and paymaster, $1,200 00 - One purchasing agent, 1,200 00 - One freight clerk and assistant paymaster, 1,000 00 - One store-keeper at East End, 1,200 00 - One assistant store-keeper at East End, 780 00 - One store-keeper at West End, 1,000 00 - One assistant store-keeper at West End, 900 00 - One helper for do. at West End, 469 50 - One store-keeper at Central Shaft, 720 00 - -The above were contained on the engineer's pay-roll. - -Since the first visit of the Committee to the tunnel, many important -changes have been made in the force above mentioned, to wit: The salary -of the chief engineer was reduced to $3,600, he to provide his -transportation to various points upon the work. One of the assistant -engineers resigned and retired, and the office of two of them has been -abolished. The salary of the superintendent has been increased to -$3,000. The office of freight clerk has been abolished, and its duties -transferred to that of paymaster and cashier. The salaries of -store-keepers and their assistants were not a charge to the State, but -were paid from the profit of their respective stores. - -At the commencement of the work, it was deemed necessary to provide -stores at the three points where the operations were carried on, to -supply the workmen readily with necessaries, so that no time might be -lost by them in the important duty of making provision for their -families. But in the present state of the enterprise, it is probable -that private individuals would readily establish such stores, and -relieve the State from a duty which, although it involved no pecuniary -charge, diverted to some extent the attention of officers from their -more legitimate avocations. - - -FOREMEN AND OTHERS UNDER THE SUPERINTENDENT. - -_At West End._ - - One foreman of labor, $3.00 per day - " of brickyard, 5.82 " " - " of carpenters, 3.00 " " - One time-keeper, 2.50 " " - - _West Shaft._ - - One captain, $3.50 per day. - Two statisticians, who keep an account of - articles delivered to the workmen, and also - perform the electrical firing, 2.50 " " - - _Central Shaft._ - - One captain, $5.00 per day. - One time-keeper--acting statistician, 2.25 " " - - _East End._ - - One time-keeper, $3.00 per day. - One statistician, 2.50 " " - One " 8.00 " " - One foreman of masons at the East End, and - inspector of do. at West End, 5.00 " " - One foreman of carpenters, 3.00 " " - -Of this list the foreman of the brickyard is a temporary appointment. -The foreman of carpenters at the West End has finished his work and -retired. The foreman of masons was discharged by the commissioners, and -has entered into the employ of Mr. Farren at the West End. - -There are nine foremen of the heading gangs, two of whom have $100 per -month, and the remainder $3.00 per day. - -The heading gangs consist of eleven drillers each, including the -foreman, and from three to five rockmen for removing stone. They work by -shifts of eight hours, relieving each other at 8 A. M., 4 P. M., and 12, -midnight. The blasts are made about the time of relief. The men working -on the enlargement under private contractors make two shifts a day, each -shift working ten hours. The Committee made a special examination of the -number of men employed under the engineer and superintendent, with a -view of considering whether the force actually engaged was necessary to -an economical prosecution of the enterprise, intending to suggest any -reform that might occur to them as essential; but learning that the -engineer would in the course of the year make some reduction in the -number of the men as well as of the teams employed upon the work, the -Committee deferred taking up the subject until the anticipated -reductions should have been made. And now understanding that the -commissioners have the whole matter under consideration, and that they -have already to some extent, acted thereon, the Committee for reasons -that would be obvious, withhold any recommendations or remarks upon this -point. - - -SYSTEM OF OPERATIONS. - -The general superintendence of the labor on the work is vested in Mr. -Hill. The reports are made to the engineer. The captains in the tunnel -report weekly the proceedings of each day under the following heads, as -follows:-- - - Number of days' work. - of holes drilled. - of inches of holes drilled. - of drills dulled. - of pounds of powder used. - of feet of fuse used. - of sheets of paper used. - of pounds of soap used. - of pounds of candles used. - of quarts of oil used. - of lamps used. - of pounds of wicking used. - -The captain at the shafts four times a month reports,-- - - The days' work of the engine-men. - The revolutions of the engine. - Number of pounds of coal used. - of feet of wood used. - of gallons of sperm oil used. - of gallons of kerosene oil used. - of pounds of tallow used. - of pounds of waste used. - of pounds of tar used. - of cages raised. - of cars of stone raised. - Size of pump-plunger used. - Length of stroke. - - Number of strokes. - of gallons of water raised. - of boilers in use. - -The materials furnished for the construction of the work are charged in -their distribution to twenty-three accounts, as will be seen by the -tabular statement of its cost. Requisitions for materials are signed by -the immediate overseer, captain or foreman; they are handed to the -superintendent for approval, and by him forwarded to the engineer. If -the requisition is approved by both, the materials are ordered, and when -furnished the applicant signs upon a duplicate his receipt for the same. -This course is pursued as well for materials taken from the State lands -as for those purchased. Suitable blanks for returns, requisitions, &c., -are furnished to the several points, and the evidence of all the -transactions is preserved in the office of the engineer. In addition to -the above, a return of all material broken, or laid aside, is made to -the engineer, at whose office a substantial account of all materials on -hand, either in use, or out of use, may be found. - -The organization of the working force, and the mode adopted for supplies -and expenditures at the various points, appear well adapted to an -efficient and economical prosecution of the enterprise. - - -DIVISIONS OF THE WORK. - -_East End._ - -_Deerfield Dam._--This structure is completed. Flashboards to be used in -low stages of water may have to be occasionally renewed. - -The canal is finished as far as wheelpit No. 3. The machine-shop is -about 72 feet long, and 36 feet wide. It has three turbine wheels. A -fourth wheel is designed, but is not required at the present time, and -the pit to receive it is not completed. - -In the basement of the machine-shop are two compressors. The first was -put in January, 1866. It has four cylinders 13 inches in diameter, and -20 inches stroke. This compressor is used to drive the drills, and -furnish air for the blacksmith shop. The second compressor was put in -some time in October. It has four cylinders 25 inches in diameter, and -24 inches stroke, and is used for ventilation one-fourth of the time, -two hours after each blast, viz., from 8 to 10, A. M., from 4 to 6, P. -M., and from 12 to 2, A. M. The compressors work satisfactorily. The -loss of power in the transmission of air from the machine-shop to the -drills, a distance of 4,500 feet, being hardly perceptible. - -In addition to the compressors, there is in the machine-shop the -following machinery, viz.: three lathes, one of them worked by hand; a -drilling machine; a planer; a bolt-cutting machine and a saw-table. -Sixty horse-power is required to carry the machine-drills, the machines -in the shop, and to furnish air for the blacksmith shop. When the large -compressor is used, 75 additional horse-power is required. A circular -saw at the east end of the machine shop, is occasionally used, driven by -power derived from the turbine wheels. - -The blacksmith shop, near the entrance of the tunnel, contains three -forges. The hand-drills are made, and, together with the machine drills, -sharpened at this shop. The ordinary repairs of the drilling machines -are done in the machine shop. New parts of the same are furnished from -Fitchburg. - -The heading in the tunnel at this end when driven by hand was about 15 -feet wide by 6 feet high. When driven by the machines it is 16 feet wide -and 8 feet high. Its location is in the centre of the tunnel, 4-1/2 feet -above subgrade, and 1-1/2 feet above the road bed. - -The force employed at this point in July last was-- - - Mechanics in iron, 4 - Engine-men, 2 - Masons, 10 - Manual labor, 58 - Engine and compressor men, including firemen, 6 - Carpenters, 5 - Blacksmiths and helpers, 8 - Statisticians, 2 - Runners of machine-drills, 6 - Sawyer, 1 - Manual laborers, 63 - --- - Total in July, 165 - - The first day of November there were employed here 115 men. There are - at this point, besides the shops and saw mill above mentioned, 2 small - offices, 1 boarding-house, 2 carpenters' shops, 2 powder-houses, - 1 temporary blacksmith's shop, 1 temporary horse-stable, 3 sheds, - 1 engine-house, 1 barn, 1 instrumental station-house (all used by the - State,) and 2 cottages; 6 first-class shanties, 13 common shanties, - 10 temporary shanties, 1 store under school-room; with 1 cottage, - 1 old store and 8 shanties, built by H. Haupt & Company, which are - rented. The cost of the shanties at the East End, excluding the - Deerfield Dam, was, in July, 1866, . . . . . . . $28,052 94 - In November, 1866, . . . . . . . 31,688 99 - The rents at the East End received by the State - from shanties are, . . . . . . . 1,698 00 - per annum. All rents are collected monthly. - -A resident engineer was stationed at the East End in charge of the work. - -The progress of the excavations at the East End heading for the year -ending December, 1866, has been 569 feet; at the rate of 47.42 per -month. - -The progress during the six months ending May, 1866, was 338 feet; an -average per month of 56 feet 4 inches. One week was lost in June in -introducing the machine-drills, in consequence of which the progress -that month was reduced to 50 feet 6 inches. During the five months -ending November 30, the progress has been 219-1/2 feet; being an average -of 43.9 feet per month. It will be seen by the table, that in July, the -first month after the introduction of the drill machines, the progress -attained was only 26.5 feet. As the men became better acquainted with -them, the progress was increased to 48 feet in August, and in September -it rose to 54.5, having nearly attained the average progress of the six -months preceding their introduction. Had there been an adequate supply, -there can be little doubt that the progress would have continued to -increase, and would have shown the superiority of the machine-drill over -hand-labor; but the supply fell off, and the progress in October was -reduced to 34 feet and 6 inches. - -_Table showing the progress at East End Heading, from November 1, 1865, -to January 1, 1867._ - - =========================================== - | Distance from | Progress. - DATE. | Portal. | - ----------------+---------------+---------- - Nov. 1, 1865, | 2,839.0 | - Dec. 1, 1865, | 2,904.0 | 65.0 - Jan. 1, 1866, | 2.950.5 | 46.5 - Feb. 1, 1866, | 3,005.0 | 54.5 - Mar. 1, 1866, | 3,052.0 | 47.0 - April, 1, 1866, | 3,115.0 | 63.0 - May 1, 1866, | 3,176.5 | 61.5 - June 1, 1866, | 3,227.0 | 50.5 - July 1, 1866, | 3,253.5 | 26.5 - Aug. 1, 1866, | 3,301.5 | 48.0 - Sept. 1, 1866, | 3,356.0 | 54.5 - Oct. 1, 1866, | 3,394.5 | 38.5 - Nov. 1, 1866, | 3,431.0 | 36.5 - Dec. 1, 1866, | 3,473.0 | 42.0 - =========================================== - - -THE CENTRAL SHAFT. - -There is at this point, used by the State in the prosecution of the -work, the shaft-building, a carpenter's shop, a blacksmith's shop, a -saw-mill, powder-house, gas-house, ash-house, wood-shed, and a barn; and -in connection with the work, a store, a boarding-house, the Thacher -farm-house and out-buildings, 4 first-class and 7 common shanties. The -cost of buildings at the Central Shaft in July, 1866, was $11,080.13. -The cost in November, 1866, was $12,026.83. The annual rent of that -portion leased to operatives is $736. - -A farm, containing 250 acres of land, with a dwelling-house and barn, -has been purchased, adjoining the Central Shaft, for the sum of $3,000. -The land was well covered with timber, about one-half of which has been -cut for the purposes of the shaft and tunnel. There is estimated to be -one million feet of hemlock timber still standing, which will be wanted -in the progress of the work. This purchase was an advantageous one for -the State, there having been already realized from it an amount equal to -its cost. - -The working force at the Central Shaft in July, 1860, was comprised of-- - - Engine-men and firemen, 5 - Mechanics in iron, 4 - - Carpenters, 5 - Blacksmiths and helpers, 4 - Pump men, 1 - Manual laborers, 39 - -- - Total in July, 58 - -On the first day of November there were employed at this point, in all, -81. Of this number, 40 were engaged out of the shaft, and 41 in the -shaft. - -The above enumeration does not include the resident engineer and -time-keeper, stationed here in November. - -The depth of Central Shaft, when completed, will be 1,037 feet from the -surface; its form is an ellipse, whose axes are 27 and 15 feet. On the -fifth day of May it had reached the depth of 300.5 feet. At this time -the hoisting apparatus was removed from the shaft, and the work of -excavation ceased. The new hoisting apparatus was fitted on the first -day of August, and the drilling commenced at midnight on that day. - -Previous to the change in the hoisting apparatus, the monthly progress -had averaged about 18-1/2 feet per month. The advance in October and -November was 46 feet; the gain over the previous rate of progress is -attributable to the practice of simultaneous blasting. - -On the first day of January, 1867, the shaft had been sunk 393 feet, -leaving for excavation 644 feet. - -_Table showing the progress at Central Shaft from November 1, 1865, to -December 1, 1866._ - - ======================================== - DATE. | Distance | Progress. - | down. | - ==================+==========+========== - Nov. 1, 1865, | 200.8 | - Dec. 1, 1865, | 220.1 | 19.3 - Jan. 1, 1866, | 232.5 | 12.4 - Feb. 1, 1866, | 250.7 | 18.2 - Mar. 1, 1866, | 264.1 | 13.4 - Apr. 1, 1866, | 280.9 | 16.8 - May 1, 1866, | 297.1 | 16.2 - May 5, 1866, | 300.5 | 3.4 - June 1, 1866,[A] | 300.5 | - July 1, 1866,[A] | 300.5 | - Aug. 1, 1866,[A] | 300.5 | - Sept. 1, 1866, | 311.9 | 11.4 - Oct. 1, 1866, | 331.1 | 19.2 - Nov. 1, 1866, | 354.0 | 22.9 - Dec. 1, 1866, | 377.0 | 23.1 - ======================================== - -[A] Work suspended to put in new hoisting apparatus. - -The present hoisting apparatus is expected to be sufficient to finish -the shaft. It has two wire ropes, each 1,260 feet long. The time for a -round trip is seven minutes. The engine here is of 100 horse-power. The -blacksmith shop contains two forges. At the small machine shop the -repairs required here are made, as also some repairs for the West Shaft. - -The Central Shaft, though designed to aid in ventilating the tunnel, was -intended also to accelerate its construction by affording to the process -of excavation four faces instead of two during some portion of the work; -and the former chairman of the commissioners expected by the aid of -machine-drilling, the shaft might be completed in one year from the time -such drilling should commence within it. In this anticipation, ten -vertical drilling machines were constructed to work in the shaft area -and a compressor with two cylinders was provided to furnish the power -for operating them. The want of drilling machines at the East End became -so urgent, that these vertical ones were changed to horizontals, and -used at that point, and the sinking of the shaft by hand-drilling still -continues. But if the experiments now in progress at the East End with -the new drilling machine shall demonstrate its superiority over hand -labor, the machine will doubtless be introduced into the shaft. - - -WEST SHAFT. - -This shaft has an area of about 8 by 13 feet, and was excavated by -Messrs. H. Haupt & Co. Its depth is 316 feet. - -The buildings here used by the State are the West Shaft house, the New -Shaft building, a blacksmith shop containing two forges, a powder-house, -a horse-shed, ash-house and tank-house. The buildings owned by the State -and leased to operatives are a boarding-house and four old shanties -built by H. Haupt & Co., four first-class shanties, eight common -shanties, and a double cottage. The buildings at the West End, are -connected on the books with those at the West Shaft, and will be here -enumerated. They consist of a carpenter's shop, time-keeper's office, a -blacksmith shop containing one forge, tool-house, powder-house, -horse-shed, brickyard shed, brickyard, engine-house, artesian wells Nos. -3 and 4, buildings, and two-thirds of a barn, which are occupied by the -State. One boarding-house, store, one-third of a barn, the Harrington -farm-house, barn and out-buildings, twenty-seven common shanties and -brickyard boarding shanty. These buildings, with part of blacksmith -shop, part of carpenter's shop and time-keeper's office, are rented to -operatives and to Mr. Farren, the contractor for constructing the brick -arch. - - The cost of the structures, as reported in July, - at both places, was $35,550 94 - As reported in November, 40,010 13 - -This large increase was mainly occasioned by the construction of a -double cottage and necessary buildings at the brickyard and West End. - -The amount of rents at these two points is $2,462.60 per annum. Fifteen -of the tenements at the West End are leased to Mr. Farren, in accordance -with his contract. - -The working force at the West Shaft in July was,-- - - Engine-men and firemen, 4 - Carpenters, 2 - Blacksmith and helpers, 8 - Masons, 2 - Truckman, 1 - Pump-man, 1 - Manual laborers, 105 - --- - Total, 123 - - November 1st the working force at this point, - including one resident civil engineer, was 103 - -At this point there is one engine of 100-horse power and one of 40-horse -power, and one compressor having four cylinders of a diameter of 13 -inches and 24 inches stroke. The West heading from this shaft was -advanced 293 feet, and the East heading 1,042, on the first day of -December, 1866. The progress for the year ending November 1, 1866, at -the heading at this point was 636.7, being a fraction over 53 feet per -month. For the last four months, ending December 1, 1866, the progress -was 322.1, being a fraction over 64 feet per month, which exceeds by -four feet per month the highest estimate for hand-drilling by the -engineers in 1862, and by thirty and one-third feet the estimate of Mr. -Latrobe. The progress of the work at this heading during the last six -months, making allowance for the influx of water in November, having -exceeded the highest estimate for hand-drilling, should be regarded as -evidence alike of the skill of the miners and the good management of the -engineer and his subordinates. - -_Table showing the progress at West Shaft, East Heading, from November -1, 1865, to December 1, 1866._ - - ======================================= - DATE. Distance from Progress, - shaft, feet. feet. - --------------------------------------- - Nov. 1, 1865, 367.5 - Dec. 1, 1865, 414.4 46.9 - Jan. 1, 1866, 459.4 45.0 - Feb. 1, 1866, 503.0 43.6 - Mar. 1, 1866, 546.5 43.5 - April 1, 1866, 584.8 38.3 - May 1, 1866, 623.3 38.5 - June 1, 1866, 682.1 58.8 - July 1, 1866, 746.1 64.0 - Aug. 1, 1866, 810.5 64.4 - Sept. 1, 1866, 871.4 60.9 - Oct. 1, 1866, 945.4 74.0 - Nov. 1, 1866, 1,004.2 58.8 - Dec. 1, 1866, 1,042.0 37.8 - ======================================= - -The West heading at this shaft was at first driven 6 feet by 11. It has -been found advisable to enlarge it to the dimension of 10 feet 6 inches -by 15 feet. This work has been performed by contract. The first letting -was at the rate of four dollars per cubic yard, the State furnishing the -materials used and removing the stone. The contractors at this rate -could not pay their expenses. It was raised to six dollars per yard -which was found not to pay, and in July the price was advanced to seven -dollars and fifty cents. The State pay the men, charging the same to the -contractors, and keep their time. Good progress is made and the work is -done to the satisfaction of the engineer. - -The East heading at this point was being enlarged also by contract, from -6 feet by 15, to 10-1/2 by 15. The work commenced on the 15th of July, -1866; the price paid is seven dollars per cubic yard; the contractors -load their own stone and also that coming from the heading. The State -provides the materials used, and hoist the stone to the surface. While -the work of the miners at the East heading and of the contractors upon -both enlargements was progressing in a very satisfactory mariner, the -whole was arrested by an unexpected and somewhat sudden influx of - - -WATER IN THE TUNNEL. - -On the 27th of November the miners working east from the West Shaft -struck a seam running across the stratification of the mountain. Water -soon issued from the seam at the rate of twenty-three gallons per -minute. On the 29th, the water had risen at the foot of the shaft to two -and a half feet above grade, and the work was stopped. The usual speed -of the engine working the pump was forty-two revolutions per minute; it -was increased to fifty-six, and at that rate it succeeded in preventing -any further rise of the water. It became necessary to increase the power -of the pumps. The plunger was enlarged from eight to ten inches, and a -third lift pump was added. To affect this arrangement the pumps were -stopped from 9 o'clock, A. M., December 7th, to 3-1/2 P. M. on the 8th. -At this time the water was four feet and eight inches above grade. On -the 12th the water was so much reduced that the miners recommenced work. -The next day, at 2 P. M., the water was struck in large quantities, the -whole flow from the heading being 100 gallons per minute. On the 14th, -the work was again suspended, and unsuccessful attempts made to stop the -water by means of wooden plugs driven into the seam. The pumps working -with the longest stroke and at increased speed, were just able to keep -the water from rising. - -On the 19th, at 10.30 A. M., one of the trunnions of the pump-bob broke, -and seriously injured the pump gearing and boxes. On the 21st a new -trunnion was put in, and the pump was attached to the small hoisting -engine, the water now being seven feet above grade. On the 28th, at -noon, the breakages being all repaired, the large engine was again -attached to the pumps, the water then being nine feet and eight inches -above grade. And, on the first day of January, at 4 P. M., the water -stood nine feet ten inches above grade at the foot of the shaft.[B] - -[B] At the time of the presentation of this Report, the Committee -understood that the water was entirely removed from the shaft and -tunnel. - - -THE NEW SHAFT. - -This shaft is located about 264 feet westerly of the West Shaft. Its -dimensions are six feet by thirteen in the clear. The rock to be removed -from an area of eight feet by fifteen. The labor is done by contract. -The first price was $40 per foot; increased July 1, 1866, to $50 per -foot. The State furnishes all the materials for construction, and the -power to raise the stone and water from the shaft. The depth of the -shaft will be 277 feet when open to grade. On the first day of December, -the miners working down had progressed 180 feet, and those working from -the tunnel up 45 feet. It was then calculated that the shaft would be -excavated in two months. Plans for permanent pumps had been prepared; to -furnish the pumps according to the plans, would take several mouths. In -the meantime, a temporary pump was to be made at North Adams, under the -direction of the engineer. - -On the first day of January, about thirty-eight feet of stone remained -for excavation in this shaft. The water in the tunnel stopped the work -from below, and the work is driven upon one face only at the present -time. - -There are two small engines at this point, one of fourteen and one of -ten horse power. The pumps at this shaft, if constructed agreeably to -the design of the engineer, will discharge sixty-five gallons to a -stroke and are to be worked by a bull engine. The lift of the water will -be eighty feet less than at West Shaft, being discharged about 40 feet -below the surface. - - -THE WEST END. - -The work at the West End of the tunnel is under contract. Mr. B. N. -Farren of Doylestown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, by an agreement dated -May 1, 1866, contracted to put in a stone and brick arch of the -dimensions before stated, 26 feet by 26, for the following prices, -viz.:--Earth excavation $3.50 per yard; brick masonry, $12 per perch; -stone masonry, $6 per perch. Contractor planks the bottom and sides when -necessary at $15 per lineal foot. The State furnishes the bricks at $9 -per thousand and the timber at $16 per thousand for hemlock, and $18 for -spruce and hard-wood. The length of arch contracted for is 174 feet, the -whole of which is open. The State also furnishes the cement, which costs -in Troy, New York, from $1.65 to $1.70 per barrel, to which is to be -added the freight at 30 cents per barrel. A barrel of cement is used for -a perch of masonry. - -The contractor agrees to construct two hundred feet of under ground -tunnel, and as much more as he can before August 1, 1867, at the -following prices, viz.:--Earth excavation at $6.50 per yard; brick -masonry at $13 per perch; stone masonry at $6.50 per perch. The -timbering, from $40 to $50 per foot, lineal, depending upon the -thickness of the wall. He may, under permission from the engineer, take -stone and sand from the State's premises, without making compensation. - -Payments are to be made about the 12th of each month for the work done -the preceding month, at the rate of 80 per cent. of the finished work. - -The decision of the engineer as to the method, quality, quantity and -classification of the work to be final and conclusive. In order to -facilitate the progress of the work and with a due regard to economy, -the State has purchased the following lots of land in the vicinity of -the West End, to wit:--A wood lot, containing sixty acres, at a cost of -$9,900; the Harrington Farm; 130 acres with the buildings, inclosing the -West End and West Shaft; and running half way up the mountain. This -purchase was made January 26, 1866, price $3,000. The Kingsley lot, -purchased March 16, 1866, at $2,793.87. - -The timber used by Mr. Farren is obtained from these lots. The tops of -the trees are cut into wood and used at the brickyard. About five -hundred cords of wood has been cut on the Harrington, and one thousand -cords on the Kingsley lot, for the use of the brickyard, and is now on -hand. - -The necessity of making the bricks required for the arch tunnel is -apparent. They could not be furnished by individuals at North Adams. -120,000, before the yard at the West End was fitted up, were purchased -at Springfield at $9 per thousand; the freight of which to North Adams -was $6, and the teaming to the West End $2 per thousand. If to these -prices be added the depreciation and waste from handling, the cost will -reach $18 for all that could be used in the work. It is the opinion of -the engineer and superintendent of labor, that the bricks made by the -State will cost less than $9 when delivered to the contractor. - -Mr. Farren began work under his contract June 7, 1866, and early in -December the brick-work at the top of the arch had entered the mountain. -The masonry was commenced about, twenty-five feet west of the point -first selected, so that the open masonry will in fact be 200 feet long. -About thirty feet of invert is left uncovered the present season, under -an apprehension that the bricks on hand will only supply what will be -wanted in the drift, in order to prosecute the work with dispatch. The -invert has been properly protected, and its preservation may be -expected. - -At the beginning, the invert and the sides to the spring of the arch was -laid with five courses of brick, and the arch with six. The masonry has -been strengthened to meet the effect of the soft ground and increased -pressure to eight bricks thick all round. Where rocks are found, it will -be reduced at the bottom, and perhaps at the top. - -The excavation of the drift is in progress and is carried on with two -galleries. The lower one is of timber, and is at the bottom three feet -below the grade of the road. This gallery is ten feet wide and ten feet -high. - -The upper gallery, also of timber, is ten feet wide and four feet high, -and the space between the galleries is about ten feet. As the arch is -driven in, the top of the invert is 4-1/2 feet below the grade of the -road, and 18 inches below the timber of the lower gallery. The top -timbers of the upper gallery constitute the top timbers of the tunnel -during the excavation. They are supported above the masonry and the arch -is turned under them. - -Side drains, six feet high and four feet wide, are excavated ahead of -the galleries, to assist the drainage of the ground through which the -galleries and tunnel are driven. The water from these drains is let into -the tunnel through its sides, and runs out with the general drainage -upon the invert below the road-bed. Holes are left in the invert at -proper intervals to facilitate this drainage. - -The side drains are hereafter to be filled with stone, which will -constitute a blind drain, and also afford a proper support to the -masonry. - -The work at this point is of difficult prosecution, but the performance -of the contract may be confidently expected. - - -THE BRICKYARD. - - The expenditures at the brickyard on the first day of July, - 1866, had reached, $15,091 98 - - Of this amount the brick machines, shafting, gearing, - &c., cost $5,048 68 - - And the engine, 2,255 50 - --------- - $7,304 18 - -Twenty-four thousand bricks can be moulded daily. The drying yard is 300 -feet long and 120 feet wide. The kiln shed is 300 feet long and 50 feet -wide, and of capacity to burn all the bricks that can be moulded. There -are six brick machines, four of which are in use. They are driven by an -engine, and used alternately, two each day. The making of bricks at the -yard commenced June 26 and closed October 24, 1860. About 1,700,000 -bricks were made, of which 80 per cent. are sufficiently hard for use in -the tunnel, which is estimated to be sufficient to complete the 374 feet -of tunnel now under contract. - -The clay for the bricks is found near the yard, and hitherto a -sufficiency of sand has been found in the vicinity; but it is less -abundant than the clay. - - -MISCELLANEOUS. - - In addition to the property enumerated under the preceding - heads, the State has at North Adams, a freight house, cashier's - office, engineer's office, stable and two coal sheds, and opposite - the West End on the Pittsfield and North Adams Railroad, an - additional freight house. There are also two instrumental - station houses on the east and west summits respectively, all - of which are occupied by the State for the purposes of the - enterprise. There is also one seven-horse engine and three - small compressors. Tho State has also four mule teams, three - of four, and one of two animals, making fourteen in all. There - were also used on the work in the early part of the year, twelve - or fourteen horses, employed in hauling clay, sand, wood, &c. - Six of these have been sold to Mr. Farren, and the remainder - are to be disposed of. To this enumeration should be added - five horses and three or more carriages kept at the stable at - North Adams for the transportation of the engineers, superintendent, - master mechanic, &c., from point to point along the line of - operations wherever their presence and services might be needed. - The expense of the stable, including the pay of the keeper, - for the past year, was, $1,900 00 - - which covers the price of three carriages, $500 00 - and one harness, 40 00 - ------- 540 00 - --------- - Leaving, $1,360 00 - -for the expense of keeping five horses, and the repairs; which is about -five dollars per week in all. The charge for keeping horses at the -stable in North Adams, is five dollars per week for feed; and the cost -for the use of one horse and wagon from North Adams to the East End, is -four dollars. These horses were also used to transport the commissioners -and the committee visiting the tunnel, when required for that purpose. - - -THE ROAD BETWEEN THE TUNNEL AND NORTH ADAMS. - -It is proposed to change the course of, the road as it emerges from the -tunnel, and two lines have been surveyed, which, diverging near the -approach cut, unite again about midway from thence to the village. The -difference in length is about thirty feet. The northerly line is the -least expensive to construct, and best favors the landholders on the -route. It has the recommendation of the engineer, and the approval of -the consulting engineer, and will probably be selected. There are -reasons for an early location of this portion of the road which call for -a prompt action in this behalf on the part of the commissioners, which -will undoubtedly be taken. - -The following table shows the expense of the tunnel and the land and -works connected therewith under the administration of the commissioners, -as found November 1, 1866:-- - - Deerfield Dam, $127,982 80 - Race, 23,417 54 - Excavation and Masonry at East - End of Dam, 12,802 46 - Wheel pits, 70,723 23 - Gates and Overflow, 9,986 26 - ---------- $244,912 29 - East End Heading, 103,731 45 - East End Enlargement, 80,317 10 - East End Heading Enlargement, 17,559 46 - Central Shaft, 144,423 75 - West Shaft, 179,041 69 - West Approach, 247,900 75 - Building East End, 31,688 99 - Building West End and Shaft, 40,010 13 - Building Central Shaft, 12,026 83 - Building General Account, 9,537 37 - Engineering and Superintendent, 84,840 48 - Machinery West Shaft, 57,111 73 - Machinery East End, 87,032 38 - Machinery Central Shaft, 51,364 01 - Machinery Deerfield Dam, 10,820 93 - Machinery General Account, 62,600 76 - Machinery West End, 539 89 - Land and Land Damages, 17,513 21 - ------------- - $1,482,973 20 - -The following table shows the cost of the works under the classification -of outside and inside expenditures, as given by the consulting -engineer. - -_Outside Expenditures._ - - Deerfield Dam, $244,912 29 - Buildings East End, $31,688 99 - Buildings West End and West Shaft, 40,010 13 - Buildings Central Shaft, 12,026 83 - Buildings General Account, 9,637 37 - ---------- 93,263 32 - Machinery East End, $87,032 38 - Machinery West End, 539 89 - Machinery West Shaft, 57,111 73 - Machinery Central Shaft, 51,364 01 - Machinery Deerfield Dam, 10,820 93 - Machinery General Account, 62,600 76 - ---------- 269,469 70 - Land Damages and Land, 17,513 21 - Engineering and Superintendence, 84,840 48 - ----------- - Total outside expenditures, $709,999 00 - -_Inside Expenditures._ - - East End Heading, $103,731 45 - East End Enlargement, 17,559 46 - East End Bottom, 80,317 10 - ----------- - $201,608 01 - Central Shaft, 144,423 75 - West Shaft Headings, &c., 179,041 69 - West End approach cut, drifting - and arching, 247,900 75 - Total inside expenditures, ---------- 772,974 20 - ------------- - Total expenditures to November 1, 1866, $1,482,973 20 - -The exact correctness of any classification of the expenditures is not -very important, inasmuch as the sum total is chargeable to the -construction of the tunnel; but the Committee do not see the propriety -of charging the engineering and superintendence exclusively to the -outside expenditure. They have seen a classification which gave,-- - - Amount put into buildings machinery, &c., $673,531 24 - Spent in the work, 809,441 96 - ------------- - Total, $1,482,973 20 - - -GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE FORCE EMPLOYED ON THE TUNNEL, - -November 1, 1866. - - Thomas Doane, Chief Engineer, salary, $3,600 00 - He providing his horses. - - Paul Hill, Superintendent of Labor, 3,000 00 - His horse furnished to him. - - _In the Chief Engineer's Office._ - - H. G. Burgess, Master Mechanic, soon to leave, $1,800 00 - John Christiansen, Mechanical Draftsman, 1,500 00 - Austin Bond, Clerk, &c., 1,500 00 - Edward Stowell, temporarily engaged in making fuse, 1,000 00 - Roswell Houghton, hostler in village, $2.00 per day. - Charles P. Bradley, hostler at T. Doane's house, $18 per month. - Roger Tappan office boy and rod-man for Mr. Granger, $1.50 - per day. - _West End._--Wages from $1.25 to $3 per day, 5 - _Brick-Yard._--Wages from $2 to $5.89 per day, 13 - _New Shaft._--Wages from $1.78 to $3 per day, 31 - _West Shaft._--Wages from $1.50 to $3.50 per day, 102 - W. P. Granger, civil engineer, is resident in charge of - West Shaft, New Shaft and West End. Salary $1,350, 1 - _Central Shaft._--Wages from $1.50 to $5, 83 - This number includes the time-keeper and H. G. - Coolidge, resident engineer. - _East End._--Wages from $1.50 to $:1.25, 115 - F. W. D. Holbrook, resident engineer, in charge at a - Salary of $1,350, 1 - Add force in general charge and not confined to any - particular point, 8 - ---- - Total in the employ of the State, 359 - Add at the West End in Mr. Farren's employ, about 100 - ---- - Total employed upon the tunnel, 459 - - -EXPERIMENTS. - -The interest awakened by the magnitude of the undertaking to tunnel the -Hoosac Mountain, and the anxiety manifested for its early completion, -prompted the commissioners to the discovery of means to accelerate the -progress of the work. Their attention was naturally directed to the -operation of drilling, and with a view of improving upon the machine -drill used at Mont Cenis; scientific mechanics have been employed to -devise and construct a drill that should attain that end. - -As a first step Gouch's patent of the hollow piston-rod, was purchased -for New England, for the sum of five hundred dollars. After which, a Mr. -Gardner was employed to construct a drill; but his efforts failed of -success after an expenditure of thirteen hundred dollars. A Mr. Butler -was engaged to devise a machine, but in the course of studying the -subject, his health failed and his services were lost. - -A Mr. Hanson completed a machine which promised some success; but on -trial it proved a failure. - -A second machine called the Brooks, Burleigh and Gates drill, was made -under the direction of the commissioners at Fitchburg. This machine was -put upon the works and used for several months. - -A third machine, called the Burleigh drill, an improvement upon the -preceding one, was next produced, which is now at the works on the East -Heading. - -About $13,000 was spent upon these experiments, resulting in the -construction of the Brooks, Burleigh and Gates drill, and the -manufacture of four of them. About one-half of this expenditure may be -charged to these last drills; the other was unproductive of anything of -value. - -The Brooks, Burleigh and Gates drill was patented, but the Commonwealth -has the right to use them in the construction of the tunnel. - -These machines will now be described. - - -THE HANSON MACHINE. - -This machine has a cylinder and valve motion, similar to a steam-engine. -The piston is hollow, the drill-bar which may be of any required length, -passing through it, is moved with the piston, by means of four wedges or -cams on each end of the piston; these cams are pressed on the drill-bar -by means of sliding collars forced upon them by a complex arrangement -operating alternately. The drill-bar is rotated by means of a ratchet -operated by a spiral groove in the shield of the machine. The main -difficulty in this machine was in the complex arrangement for forcing -the collars upon the cams or wedges. It did not work well in a -horizontal position. The machine consisted of one hundred and twenty -pieces, and weighed five hundred and ninety-five pounds. - - -THE BROOKS, BURLEIGH AND GATES MACHINE. - -This machine has a hollow piston, the drill-holder being a screw passing -through the piston, moving with it, and fed through it, by means of a -nut on the end of the piston-rod. This nut is held by means of a cap or -union nut, as it is called, the union nut being screwed on to the -coupling, and the coupling nut screwed to the piston-rod. The feed-nut -protrudes through the union nut, and is allowed to turn round in it. On -the end of this feed-nut is a ratchet gear covered by a ratchet-band -with an arm upon it, all moving with the piston. The ratchet arm moves -up and down in a spiral groove, the groove being in a shield attached by -screws to the cylinder; on the ratchet-band there is a pall and two -springs, one under the other. One of the springs holds the pall in gear, -the other holds it out of gear. As the piston moves down, the outer -spring comes in contact with a trip which is on the shield and is lifted -up, allowing the under spring to throw the pall into the ratchet, and as -the piston is moved back, turns the nut round, thereby feeding the screw -forward. At the extremity of its backward stroke, the pall comes in -contact with another trip on the shield which lifts it out of gear, the -outer spring having a catch upon it which holds the pall when thus -lifted out. The rotary motion is given by a ratchet on the coupling-nut, -covered by a ratchet-band the arm of which moves in a spiral groove in -the shield similar to the other, only having a spring to hold the pall -in the ratchet; this rotates all the parts on the piston except the -ratchet-bands and cross-head. The latter is held between two check-nuts -on the coupling-nut. To this cross-head is attached a bar which -communicates with a valve which opens the port when the piston moves -back, and shuts it when it moves forward; the air is always on during -its backward stroke. The piston having a greater area on the forward -than on the backward stroke, overcomes the backward pressure and moves -the piston ahead, and when cut off, the continued pressure forces the -piston back. - -This machine is automatic; generally running until some portion of it is -destroyed. No part of the machine has been found strong enough to -withstand the friction upon it for any considerable portion of time. The -union nut has proved its weakest point, and the breaking of this -generally destroys that part of the piston to which it is attached. -Another point of weakness is the feed ratchet-band, the springs of which -are almost continually breaking. - -The machine consists of eighty pieces; twenty-three of which are screws, -fifteen pins, and seven pieces of cast iron. It weighs 240 pounds, runs -about 200 strokes per minute, and costs about $400. Its longest run -without breaking has been five days. The run of one of them two days -without breaking during the time, is considered fortunate. The average -breaking is more than one a day. A table showing the list of breakages -will follow this description. - -The piston-head of this machine has a diameter of 4-5/8 inches. The -diameter of the piston-rod is 4 inches at the large end and 2-1/4 at the -small end. - -So there are 12-87/100 square inches of air area to drive the drill -ahead into the rock, and 4-23/100 to draw it out; but as the air is not -taken off from the front end, the actual pressure is upon an area of the -difference between the two, or 8-64/100 square inches. - -Table showing Number of Drilling-Machines Broken, &c. - - Column Headers - A. No. Machines Broken. - B. Cross Heads - C. Cylinder Flanges. - D. Coupling Nuts. - E. Feed Springs. - F. Feed Palls. - G. Ratchet Covers. - H. Valve Stems. - I. New Packing. - J. Tapper Bars. - K. Screw Spindles. - L. Union Coupling Nuts. - M. Feed Nuts. - N. Shields. - O. Piston Heads. - - ====================================================================== - 1866. [A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [K] [L] [M] [N] [O] - ---------------------------------------------------------------------- - July 21, 32 5 2 4 3 2 2 1 10 7 - - - - - - 31, 67 7 2 1 10 4 5 2 18 14 2 3 - - - - Aug. 7, 75 4 1 - 18 15 8 4 39 6 4 - - - - - 14, 76 6 - 5 25 17 11 3 - 10 1 6 1 1 - - 21, 65 7 1 3 28 15 13 7 - 12 - 1 2 - - - 31, 102 1 1 9 64 7 18 2 - 10 2 4 5 1 - - Sept. 7, 65 1 1 - 27 4 24 - - 5 2 1 1 - - - 14, 60 2 5 - 23 2 12 2 - 10 - 3 2 1 1 - 21, 56 1 1 1 28 6 13 - - 3 - 1 2 2 - - 30, 56 3 2 1 31 3 16 2 - 4 - 1 9 1 - - Oct. 7, 54 7 - - 39 2 7 1 - 9 3 - 1 2 - - 14, 53 5 1 2 28 5 10 1 - 9 1 4 6 2 - - 21, 58 3 - - 28 4 13 - - 9 3 - 4 2 - - 31, 77 7 1 2 63 4 11 2 - 12 1 2 6 2 - - Nov. 7, 38 2 - 2 19 3 13 - - 8 2 - 3 4 - - 14, 40 1 1 - 17 2 9 - - 8 3 2 4 - - - 21, 44 - 1 - 32 1 4 - - 7 - 1 1 1 - - 31, 66 - - - 34 2 11 - 13 8 1 1 - 1 - - -------------------------------------------------------------- - 1,084 62 20 30 517 98 200 27 80 151 25 30 47 20 1 - ====================================================================== - -About forty of the Brooks, Burleigh and Gates machines have been used at -the tunnel; of these eight or ten were originally vertical, and intended -for use at the Central Shaft. At the commencement of their use, the -machines were new and had their best wear in them; there were from -twenty to twenty-four at the beginning. In a short time they began to -break down, but by putting on a large repair force and converting the -vertical machines into horizontal ones, a fair supply was kept up for -from two to three months, at the end of which time the greatest machine -progress was attained, viz., fifty-four feet and six inches, in -September. After that the progress diminished very much, and in -proportion to the giving out of the machines. It is the opinion of the -engineer that if a constant supply of machines could have been -furnished, that the progress would have reached a point much beyond that -obtained by hand labor; but with the stoppage of the supply, the number -of machines that could be kept in working order was daily reduced, and -at last it fell down to two or three, and finally, at times, none were -in condition to work. The frames were, however, kept in the tunnel to -await the completion of the Burleigh machine, the reception of which was -retarded till late in October; much beyond the time anticipated by the -commissioners, although the work of their construction was carried on -continuously night and day. They came at intervals of several weeks, two -at a time; the first of which were put into the tunnel on the -thirty-first day of October. Through the month of December, four of -these machines were at work. - - -THE BURLEIGH MACHINE. - -Has a solid piston (so called,) which has a hole in its back end to -allow the feed-screw to pass in without touching; the drill is secured -to this piston. On the back end of the piston is a section of a ball -used as a cam, which works the valve and the feed-motion. The valve is -rotated by a rod lying on the band of the cylinder; upon this rod are -two cams which perforate the band of the cylinder. The action of the -piston brings the ball on its end in contact with these cams, rocking -them up and down; the rod to which they are secured being connected with -the valve, imparts to that its motion. This machine is fed altogether on -ways, or a bed-piece, upon which is the feed-screw; the feed-nut is upon -the end of the cylinder-band. To this feed-nut is attached a -feed-ratchet, which is held between two collars, allowing it to turn -round. Upon the cylinder-band is a lever, one end of which passes -through the band; upon the other end is a pall. The motion of the piston -raises the lever up, pressing the end containing the pall against the -ratchet which turns the nut on the feed-screw, thus moving the machine -forward. The rotating ratchet is in the band of the cylinder and has a -spline in it, and a pall on its outside. The piston having a spiral -groove is turned by this ratchet as it moves down. On the return of the -piston, the pall drops into the ratchet and then the piston is turned. -The piston is not encumbered with any machinery, and moves alone; its -area of air is greater on the forward than on the backward stroke; the -alternation of the valve admits the air. The machine, like the one last -described, contains eighty pieces; it has the same number of screws and -pins, and weighs 372 pounds including the ways or bed-piece; without the -ways its weight is 212 pounds. Its number of strokes is about 300 per -minute, and its blow somewhat lighter than that of the other. This -machine is not entirely automatic; the feed-motion not working regular; -when it does not, it is fed by hand, which is a simple process. - -These machines stand the work much better than those first made at -Fitchburg. Their average time in the tunnel without repairs in the -interval, is about five days; they have needed repairs in two days; one -remained at work fourteen days. They accomplish double the work without -repairs that those do which were made after the previous pattern. There -is a further advantage in using the Burleigh machines; their breaking, -when it occurs, is not very serious, the injured parts consisting mainly -of cams, can generally be replaced at the tunnel; whereas for the -repairs on the Brooks, Burleigh and Gates machine, the dependence to a -very great extent has been upon the machine shop at Fitchburg. - -The piston-head of this machine has a diameter of 4-25/100 inches. The -diameter of the piston-rod is at the large end, 3 inches, at the small -end, 2-75/100 inches. - -So the number of inches of air area, is 8-20/800 when the drill is -propelled upon the rock, and 7-7/100 when returning from it. - -A full complement of men to work the machines first used, would be, -perhaps, thirteen. Mr. Gates, who superintended their operation in the -first instance, began with fourteen, but they were reduced to thirteen. -The Burleigh machine practically requires feeding, and a full set at -work would probably demand fifteen men for their successful operation. - -The value of these machines has not yet been ascertained. The Committee -are of opinion that when a full complement shall have been obtained, so -that the workmen can have at all times a full supply upon the frames, -that greater progress can be obtained by them than by hand drilling; and -after a few months operation, the cost of using them, in comparison with -hand labor, can be fairly tested. But as the Brooks, Burleigh and Gates -machine has been abandoned, no useful results would be obtained by -comparing the expenses within the tunnel during the months of July, -August and September, with three corresponding months when hand -drilling was carried on, and no satisfactory comparison can be made -between the working of the Burleigh machine and hand drilling, until a -sufficient number of machines has been introduced into the tunnel to -keep the men fully employed. It is to be hoped that machines sufficient -to make the test may be soon obtained, and that this desirable -information may be made known. - -The introduction of the first machine into the tunnel, before its -capacity, strength, and expense of working had been fully tested, was -unfortunate, inasmuch as its use there delayed the progress of the work. -The second machine gives such promise of success, that it will be -continued in use in the tunnel until a fair test has been made. But -should the Burleigh machine prove unsuccessful, and further attempts -with machines be attempted, the Committee recommend that their -usefulness be tested outside of the tunnel, and meanwhile the excavation -with hand drills be resumed. - - -EXPERIMENTS WITH DR. EHRHARDT'S POWDER. - -The first blast was fired in the tunnel at the East End on the 20th of -November, but owing to the presence of charcoal or some other substance -in the article, a poisonous gas was evolved which effected the miners -disagreeably, and drove them from the work. The subsequent experiments -at this point were not satisfactory, and were discontinued, and -subsequently resumed at the Central Shaft, where it was used most of the -time for a week, varying its composition from time to time. At the close -of the week, while preparing for the last blast, a premature explosion -took place, resulting in the death of one of the miners, and the injury -of three or four others. - -The material result of this experiment was as follows:--With 261 days' -work and 139-1/2 lbs. of powder, 202 buckets of stone were removed; -while in the preceding week, using common powder (schaghticoke) with -251-3/4 days' labor and 236 lbs. of powder, 168 buckets of stone were -taken out. The cost of the experimental powder is about twice as -expensive as the common powder, and its superior strength is apparent -from the above result. - - -EXPERIMENTS WITH NITRO-GLYCERINE. - -During the summer, some experiments have been made with this explosive -agent. A quantity, costing $934.29, was brought to the works by Colonel -Schaffner, who exhibited the action of the material in various ways, -with a view of testing its power, and the comparative safety of -introducing it instead of powder. After repeated trials outside of the -works, during which about three-fifths of the material was consumed, it -was introduced into the tunnel at the West Shaft with the following -result: It was used for three days at the East heading of the West -Shaft; the advance made in the heading was for the time, 14-1/2 -feet;--being an advance of 4.82 feet per day, and at the rate of 125.33 -feet per month. - - In these three days there were taken out of the enlargement - 151.76 yards of stone. To remove this quantity - with powder would cost, on an average, per yard, $9 84 - Actual cost with glycerine, 6 20 - ----- - Difference, $3 64 - - Multiplied by 151.76, gives. $552 40 - In the same time there was removed of heading - 60.15 yards. - To remove an equal amount by powder - costs, per yard, $16 25 - Actual cost with glycerine, per yard, 6 05 - ------ - Difference, $10 20 - $10.20 multiplied by 60.15, gives 613 53 - -------- - $1,165 93 - Cost of the glycerine used during the three days, - being 2/5 of $934.29, 350 36 - -------- - Saved, by using glycerine, in three days, $815 57 - - Which is a saving by the use of glycerine, per day, - of $276 85.4 - and allowing three hundred successful working - days in the year, an annual saving of $81,557 40 - -The progress made at the West Shaft on the East heading the present -year, ending December 31, 1866, is 626 feet and 8 inches. This progress -was somewhat lessened by the influx of water in December. The monthly -advance has been 52 feet and 2 inches. The average of the eleven months -ending with November is 53 feet and 6 inches. Assuming the progress made -with glycerine during the three days of its use to be obtainable -throughout the year, the monthly progress, using that material, would be -120 feet and 10 inches, on a calculation of twenty-five days to a month, -which would give an annual advance of 1,450 feet. - -Without vouching for results so favorable to the progress of the work, -it is impossible to overlook the importance of the experiment; and the -Committee are of opinion that this material, if it can be procured, -should be introduced into the tunnel and shafts, and a thorough -experiment made, in order to determine whether it can be used with an -advantage even approximating to that shown by the first trial. - -Experience has proved that the rock at the Hoosac Mountain is of a -peculiar character: comparatively easy to drill, but extremely hard to -displace, and that its advantageous excavation requires a strong -explosive agent. The difference in the use of weak and strong powder is -at once observed, and the effect of simultaneous blasting, by the aid of -electricity, is proved by the increased progress of the work since it -has been used. It would seem evident, then, without the aid of -experiment, that an explosive agent, possessing eight times the power of -common powder, would be a valuable auxiliary to this undertaking; and -that if such an one could be obtained, and safely used, no time should -be lost in procuring a supply. - -The use of nitro-glycerine in England is not uncommon; its components -are well known; and the Committee are informed that it might be -advantageously manufactured at any point where it is used. - - -ELECTRICAL FIRING. - -The experiment of simultaneous blasting by electricity has been made -with admitted success. The increased progress in the Central Shaft from -an average of about 18-1/2 to 23 feet per month, demonstrates its -utility, and will undoubtedly insure the continuance of that mode of -firing in preference to the method formerly practised. - - -THE TROY AND GREENFIELD RAILROAD. - -The completion of the railroad from Greenfield to the tunnel has been -contracted for with B. N. Farren, for the sum of $545,000, exclusive of -the cost of depot buildings, turn-tables, and engineering expenses. The -road to be opened for travel to Shelburne Falls by the 15th of November, -1867, and to the tunnel by the 15th of July, 1868. A lease of the same -has been executed to the Fitchburg and the Vermont and Massachusetts -Railroad Companies, at a rent of $30,000 per year, to expire on the -completion of the tunnel, or whenever the work on the same shall be -stopped, by competent authority. - -Mr. Farren commenced work under his contract about the 20th of October. -At this time there were about four miles of track,--exclusive of that -which had to be removed with the trestle-bridges,--built by Mr. Haupt. -Some portions of the track were in fair condition; but the larger part -of it must be relaid. Many of the ties are of hemlock; they are all -decayed and must be removed, and new ones substituted. None of the -bridges were strong enough to be used, and the timber of which they were -constructed is too much decayed to be used for building purposes: There -is on hand in addition to the track laid, chairs, or connecting joints, -sufficient to lay five miles of rails; also about ten thousand chestnut -ties. Such of these as had been properly piled are sound. Many of them, -however, are so much decayed, as to be unfit for use. - -The road-bed has in many places been injured by rain and frost. At -exposed points near the river, it is entirely destroyed. Comparatively -speaking, there was little masonry on the line. With the exception of -one pier, the bridge masonry at Green River will be taken down. All the -deep ravines were crossed by trestle work, and consequently there were -but few culverts. Of these some small ones are still standing in good -condition. Of the bank wall built, about one-half remains,--the -remainder has either fallen down, or will be taken down and rebuilt. - -Very little alteration will be made in the general location of the line -or its gradients. The curvature will be very much modified and improved. -Some sharp and reversed curves will be entirely saved by the -substitution of straight lines. Others, where the expense of reduction -is not very heavy, will be materially changed. The alterations below -Shelburne Falls are substantially as follows:-- - - A straight line substituted for one 2 deg., one 4 deg. and one 6 deg. curve. - One 2 deg. curve substituted for one 4 deg. curve. - Four 4 deg. " " " four 6 deg. " - One 3 deg. " " " one 6 deg. " - Three 3 deg. " " " three 6 deg. " - Five 5 deg. 30' " " " five 6 deg. " - One 3 deg. 30' " " " two 6 deg. " - One 4 deg. and two 2 deg. curve substituted for three 6 deg. curve, - saving 45 deg. and 60 feet. - One 5 deg. 40' curve substituted for one 7 deg. curve. - One 6 deg. " " " one 7 deg. " - Three 7 deg. " " " three 8 deg. " - One 5 deg. " " " two 5 deg. and one 6 deg. curve. - Two 3 deg. " " " two 6 deg. curve, - saving 30 deg. and 40 feet. - -The same plan for improving the line above the falls will be pursued, so -that when completed, the road combining the alignment with the gradients -will, in the judgment of the engineer, be "superior for doing -economically a heavy traffic, to any railroad in New England which runs -east and west." - -At Green River there will be substituted for Mr. Haupt's bridge of 700 -feet built on a curved line one of 470 feet, to be constructed on a -straight line. The remainder of the ravine to be made a solid -embankment. All the bridges on the line are to be "Howe's Truss," and -equal in strength and durability to any in New England. - -The trestle-work has been removed, and the ravines where it was placed -are being filled with substantial masonry and solid embankments. - -On the first day of November Mr. Farren had about fifty men employed; on -the first day of December, two hundred and seventy-five, and on the -14th of December, when one of the Committee visited the line, he had -over three hundred. - -About one-third of the masonry for Green River bridge has been built, -and the stone is quarried for the other bridges. Nearly one thousand -yards of culvert masonry and three hundred yards of bank wall have been -constructed, and from forty to fifty thousand yards of earth removed. - -The timber for Green River bridge is sawed and will be framed in -January. The material for all the bridges below Shelburne Falls has been -contracted for, to be delivered early in the spring. Twenty thousand -ties have been purchased, together with posts and boards for fences. The -work at the rock-cut near Shelburne Falls will be commenced in the month -of January. - -On the line below Shelburne Falls, there will remain in the road, the -following sharp curves, to wit: In the track as laid and not disturbed, -four of six degrees, and in the remainder of the line, six of six -degrees, three of seven, and two of eight. One of the eight degree -curves, is through a long heavy cut, and cannot be reduced without great -expense. The other is near the Deerfield River crossing, where all -trains will be required to run slow. It cannot be avoided without a -tunnel or a curve over the entire bridge. The three seven degree curves -occur in heavy rock-cuttings, and these are all the sharp curves that -are contained in a space of thirteen miles. - -Above Shelburne Falls the alignment and grades are more favorable. From -the tunnel to the Deerfield River crossing, below Shelburne Falls, a -distance of twenty-two miles, there is but one ascending grade going -east; its location is about two miles west of the falls; it is one-half -mile in length, and is thirty-five feet to the mile. Within the same -space going east, there are the following descending grades, to wit: One -of forty-five feet per mile for 2,000 feet, one of forty feet for 6,000 -feet, one of twenty-eight feet for 2,500 feet, and one, near the village -of Shelburne Falls, of fifty feet per mile for 5,300 feet. The remaining -grades are from five to twenty feet per mile. - -The sharp curves remaining after the proposed improvements will be as -follows, to wit: Near the depot grounds at Shelburne, and running -through the village, there is necessarily one eight degree curve, and -on the seventeen miles between the falls and the tunnel, there occur -thirteen six degree curves. A slight change in laying the track will -increase the radius of these curves to 1,000 feet. This in some cases -can be done. - -The county commissioners have been called out and have made an -adjudication in regard to the public crossings and alterations of -highways between Greenfield and Shelburne Falls. - -The whole work below the falls is under good progress, and is being -prosecuted with great vigor. The laying of the track can be commenced as -early in the spring as the season will admit, and its extension to -Shelburne Falls, may, in the opinion of the engineer, be expected early -in October. - -It appears from the foregoing, that of the work now in progress on the -road and tunnel, their is performed by contract,--the construction of -the railroad from Greenfield to the East End of the tunnel; the -enlargements east and west in the tunnel at the West Shaft; the -excavation of the New Shaft; and the arch masonry and excavation at the -West End; while the work at the East End, at the Central Shaft, the -heading and lifting at the West Shaft, the lifting at the New Shaft, and -the work at the brickyard has been performed by the State. No criterion -has been afforded enabling the Committee to determine upon the -comparative economy of the different modes of operation. - -The commissioners in their able report in 1863, speaking of the manner -of constructing the tunnel, say: "It would not be wise nor according to -any precedent for the State to expect to get the work done at the -contract price if it should turn out to cost more. It would certainly -get no abatement if the price was found to be exorbitant. We are clearly -of the opinion that it should not be constructed by contract, excepting -in so far as parts of the work may be in detail to the men actually at -work upon it, and even such contracts should' not be permanent in their -character." That the commissioners in April last entertained the idea of -inaugurating and continuing the contract system so far as the same -should prove economical for the State, satisfactorily appears in the -following letter: - - BOSTON April 25, 1866. - - Hon. TAPPAN WENTWORTH, _Chairman of Hoosac Tunnel and Troy - and Greenfield Railroad Committee._ - -DEAR SIR:--Hearing that questions have arisen in regard to the propriety -of contracting the work upon the Hoosac Tunnel, it may not be improper -for me to say that that subject (contemplated in the Act of 1863,) has -for a long time engaged the serious attention of the commissioners, who -have already a contract for constructing a portion of the West End, -before the governor and council, awaiting their approval under section 3 -of chapter 214 of the Acts of 1863. - -When the economic value of their new facilities shall be demonstrated, -they expect further to avail of this system 80 far as the interest of -the State (as represented by the rapid, economical and certain progress -of the work,) shall warrant. - -While the high prices now prevailing will probably render the letting of -large jobs at this time injudicious, they are not of short contracts, or -of letting portions of the work to the miners by the piece. - - Very truly yours, J. W. BROOKS, _Chairman_. - -The Committee coincide with the views of the commissioners. And the -justness of their remarks, that the State must not expect to have the -work done at less than its cost, is borne out by the operations under -the contract for the West End enlargement, where the State has increased -the contract from four to seven dollars and fifty cents a perch, in -order to insure the miners a compensation for their labor. - -It may be proper to state in this connection, that the labor done upon -the road and tunnel by early contractors, has not tended to a "rapid, -economical and certain progress of the work," and that if even the whole -work should be put under contract, the interest of the Commonwealth -would require the continuance of a commission, and the services of an -engineer of the highest skill and integrity to superintend its -performance in order to avoid a loss and damage similar to that which -occurred to the State while the work was under the nominal control of -the Troy and Greenfield Railroad corporation. - -The retirement of all the gentlemen who comprised the board of -commissioners, first appointed under the legislation of 1862, affords -the Committee an opportunity to acknowledge the eminent talent and -ability which they respectively possessed for the discharge of the -important duties assigned to them, and to bear testimony to the industry -and intelligence displayed in their elaborate and comprehensive report -upon the subject of the railroad and tunnel in 1863. It was fortunate -for the State in that crisis in the affairs of this enterprise to be -able to command so much practical information upon a question so -interesting and important, and at the same time so difficult of -solution. - -But in addition to the duty of furnishing an opinion of the feasibility -and mode of constructing the tunnel, and of the propriety of opening -this line of railway communication with the West, the commission was -instituted to carry on and superintend a most important and difficult -public work, involving the expenditure of several million dollars. Yet -each of the gentlemen composing the board was engaged in other duties -requiring substantially their whole time and attention. Under these -circumstances their personal observance of the progress of the work -could not be given to a degree satisfactory to the public, or essential -to the interests of the State, and the responsibility of the operations -came to devolve upon the engineer at the works, and the chairman of the -commissioners in Boston. These irksome labors were discharged with -diligent faithfulness, and as the event has proved with a physical -suffering to one of them that has called forth a general expression of -regret and sorrow. - -By chapter 214 of the Acts of 1863, the governor is authorized to draw -his warrant on the treasurer for such sums as may be required, from time -to time, by the commissioners, for the purpose of carrying out the -provisions of law for the completion of the tunnel and railroad. The -commissioners under this enactment have made monthly requisitions upon -the governor, transmitting at the same time vouchers for the expenses of -the preceding month; and upon this information and requisition the -warrants have been drawn. By the 293 chapter of the Acts of 1866, a -general supervision of the work is vested in the governor and council, -with power to "correct abuses, remedy defects, and impose and enforce -requirements in such manner as the interests of the Commonwealth shall, -in their judgment, require." As the commissioners exercise a delegated -power, there would have been a manifest propriety in requiring of them, -from time to time, a report upon the progress of the work, and of their -own doings even under the Act 1863, so that the governor might have been -more fully provided with information touching the necessity of the -requisitions. But under the Act of 1866, it appears essential that the -commissioners should report monthly to the governor and council the -general plan of operations pursued, the progress of the work, and the -manner and extent of their own superintendence of the same. - -The Committee are therefore of opinion that the commission should be -reorganized in such manner that the State could command the whole time -of its members: that a greater degree of personal attention should be -given by them to the work than it has heretofore received: that the -commissioners should keep minutes of their doings which shall be open to -the inspection of the governor and council, and the appropriate -legislative committee: that their monthly communications to the governor -and council should embrace, in addition to the past, and the requisition -for the current month, a report of the operations, the progress of the -work during the previous, month, and the manner and extent of their own -superintendence of the same. - -The Committee are also of opinion that a due regard to economy in -conducting the enterprise requires that the commissioners should at -once, by experiment, ascertain the probable time required to excavate -the enlargement of the tunnel, and that the work upon the enlargement be -regulated and pursued with a view of avoiding any unnecessary delay in -operating the road after the heading is removed. - - * * * * * - -In concluding this Report, the Committee cannot forbear to express their -obligations to Mr. Doane, the engineer in charge of the work, for the -assistance rendered by him in aid of their labors, nor withhold their -approbation of the faithful and able manner in which he has discharged -the duties of his office, so far as they have come under their -observation. The Committee are indebted to Mr. Hill, the superintendent -of labor, for his uniform attention during their examinations, and they -fully recognize his capacity for his position, and his interest in the -operations. They are likewise indebted to Mr. Hall, the intelligent -master of the machine shop, for very valuable information concerning his -particular department. And also to Mr. Field, the able and efficient -engineer of the railroad, for a very satisfactory report upon that -portion of the work under his direction. - - TAPPAN WENTWORTH, - - ----- -------,[C] - WILLIAM L. REED, - _Of the Senate._ - - MOSES KIMBALL, - GEORGE B. LORING, - SYLVANDER JOHNSON, - B. F. TAFT, - E. H. CHISHOLM, - SILAS JONES, - JAMES R. GLADWIN, - _Of the House._ - -[C] Hon. ALVAH CROCKER has not acted on the Committee since his -appointment upon the commission. - - - - - -APPENDIX. - - - - - -[A.] - - _Sketch of the Proceedings of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad - Corporation, from its organization to the surrender of the Road - under the mortgage, and the adoption of the work by the - Commonwealth._ - -The charter of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad, was granted in 1848, -and authorized the construction of a railroad with one or more tracks, -from a point on the Vermont and Massachusetts Railroad, at or near -Greenfield, to some point on the line of New York or Vermont, convenient -to meet or connect with any railroad that may be constructed from any -point at or near the city of Troy, on the Hudson River in the State of -New York. Its capital stock was limited at $3,500,000. - -The corporation was authorized to contract with the owners of any -contiguous railroad leading into or from either of the States of Vermont -or New York, for the use of the whole or any part thereof, or for the -running and operating the two railroads conjointly, or for the leasing -of such contiguous road, or for any other road, or for the letting or -hiring of their own road to the owners of such contiguous road, or of -any other road which composes a part of the railroad line between the -cities of Boston and Troy, of which the Troy and Greenfield Railroad -shall be a part. - -The first meeting under the charter was held June I, 1848, at which -subscription papers were voted to be issued and circulated, in order to -organize the corporation. In 1849, March 16, the subscribers to the -stock held their first meeting, and organized under the charter. - -At the annual meeting, February 6, 1850, the stock was apportioned among -the neighboring towns as follows:- - - Ashfield, 60 shares. - Charlemont, 400 " - Colrain, 150 " - Conway, 50 " - Greenfield, 700 " - Hawley, 120 " - Heath, 120 " - Leyden, 30 " - Monroe, 50 " - Rowe, 100 " - Shelburne, 400 " - Buckland, 150 " - Florida, 120 " - Adams, 1,000 " - Williamstown, 800 " - Clarksburg, 40 " - Hancock, 50 " - Deerfield, 150 " - Bernardston, 40 " - Gill, 80 " - Whitingham, 00 " - Reedsborough, 00 " - Stansford, 00 " - 0,000 shares. - -It was also voted to apportion the directors among the towns in the -following manner, to wit:-- - -North Adams, 3; Florida, Rowe, Heath and Monroe, 1; Colrain, Buckland -and Hawley, 1; Shelburne, 1; Greenfield, Deerfield and Conway, 3; -Williamstown and Whitingham, 2; Charlemont, 1; and one director at -large. - -Before the annual meeting in 1850, the directors had voted to assess -three per cent. upon each share of the capital stock. This vote was -passed April 11, 1849, and on the first day of October in the same year, -they voted that the construction of the road from the State line at -Pownal, Vermont, to Adams, and from Greenfield to Shelburne Falls, be -put under contract as soon as sufficient subscription shall have been -obtained therefore, and that the two ends aforesaid shall be constructed -simultaneously. - -1850, January 28, the treasurer had received the sum of $2,203.94, and -had paid out on bills approved by the president, $2,203.57, leaving a -balance in the treasury of $0.37. - -Sundry assessments amounting in all to 75 per cent. upon the -subscriptions, were afterwards voted, the last on the 6th of May, 1852. -These assessments were rescinded by a vote passed July 23, 1858, and it -also voted that the several amounts heretofore paid by individual -stockholders, except on assessment laid April 11, 1849, be credited to -their several accounts on assessments now or hereafter to be made. - -1850, October 28, the contract with Messrs. Gilman and Carpenter, was -ratified, and on the 29th, the president was authorized to execute it. - -The Committee have not found this contract nor any record stating its -provisions. - -December 27, 1850, a committee reported that the whole amount of stock -subscribed, was $250,800, of which $7,200 was payable in land damages -and materials for the road; and that Messrs. Gilmore and Carpenter had -subscribed for 500 shares of stock, to wit, $50,000. - -On the 7th day of January, 1851, the directors voted to break ground the -next day, and on the 27th of May in the same year, they voted to expend -a sum not exceeding $25,000, in experiments upon the east side of the -mountain, at or near the mouth of the proposed tunnel. - -In 1851, the corporation petitioned the legislature for a loan of the -State credit for two million dollars; but the application was -unsuccessful. - -The failure to secure the aid of the Commonwealth, appears not to have -discouraged the corporation, for on the 7th of August, 1851, the -directors voted that they would proceed forthwith from Adams to the New -York line, and simultaneously incur all the necessary expenses to make -thorough experiments with such machines as promise to facilitate the -construction of the tunnel, and when the road is begun from Greenfield, -it shall be after an arrangement is made to construct it to the foot of -the mountain in Florida and connect in some way with the road at North -Adams. - -The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Corporation having directed its -attention to a connection with the Troy and Boston Railroad Company -through a portion of the State of Vermont, and a charter having been -obtained from the legislature of Vermont, incorporating the Southern -Vermont Railroad Company, whereby such connection could be made, a -committee of the directors of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company -and of the Southern Vermont Railroad Company made an agreement, subject -to the modification or ratification of the stockholders of each company, -"that the stock of both of said companies and their franchises from said -Greenfield to the west line of Pownal, in the State of Vermont, shall -become and be one joint, consolidated stock and interest, with equal and -common rights and privileges to the stockholders of both companies;" it -being understood that an application shall be made to the legislature of -Vermont for a change of the name and style of the joint corporation -mentioned in the said Act of the Vermont legislature. This report was -made to the board of directors, and it was voted that the same "be -accepted and adopted, recorded and placed on file." Subsequently the -Southern Vermont Railroad was leased to the Troy and Greenfield -Corporation on a perpetual lease for $12,000 per year; and the 21st of -April, 1860, it was purchased by the Troy and Greenfield Corporation for -the sum of two hundred thousand dollars, with money advanced to the last -named corporation by the Commonwealth. In the report of the -commissioners on the Troy and Greenfield Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel, the -Southern Vermont Railroad is estimated to have cost from $110,000 to to -$125,000 only. - -In 1858, another application was made to the legislature for a loan, but -with the same result as in 1851. In both instances, committees reported -in favor of the application. - -In 1854, the application was renewed, and was successful. The Act was -passed on the fifth day of April, 1854. By the first section, the -treasurer was authorized to issue scrip, as certificates of debt, for -the sum of two million dollars, to be expressed in the currency of Great -Britain or in federal currency, as the directors of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad should elect, to bear an interest of five per cent., -payable semi-annually, and redeemable in thirty years, for the purpose -of enabling the Troy and Greenfield Company to construct a tunnel and -railroad under and through the Hoosac Mountain, in some place between -the "Great Bend" in Deerfield River, in the town of Florida, at the base -of Hoosac Mountain, on the east, and the base of the western side of the -mountain, near the east end of the village of North Adams, on the west. -The scrip was to be delivered to the treasurer of said Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company in the manner and upon the conditions -following:--$100,000, when it should appear to the satisfaction of the -governor and council that said company had obtained subscriptions to -their capital stock in the sum of $600,000, and twenty per cent. upon -each and every share of said six: hundred thousand dollars should have -actually been paid in, and seven miles of their railroad and one -thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel under the Hoosac, in one or -more sections, of size sufficient for one or more railroad tracks, -should have been completed. - -$100,000, when ten miles of their said railroad, in one or two sections, -and ten thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel, in one or more -sections, should be completed. - -$100,000, when fifteen miles of their said railroad, in one or two -sections, and three thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel, in one or -more sections, should be completed. - -$100,000, when twenty miles of their said railroad, in one or two -sections, and four thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel, in one or -more sections should be completed. - -$100,000, when twenty-five miles of their said railroad, in one or two -sections, and five thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel, in one or -more sections, should be completed. - -$100,000, when thirty miles of their railroad, in one or two sections, -and six thousand lineal feet of their tunnel, should be completed. - -$100,000, when thirty-two miles of their railroad, in one or two -sections, including all the line east of Florida, and seven thousand -lineal feet of their tunnel, in one or more sections, should be -completed; and for each additional portion or portions of said tunnel of -fifteen hundred feet, in one or more sections, completed by said -company, $100,000, subject to the condition that the last $200,000 -should be reserved until said company, or their successors, should open -their railroad for use from Greenfield to the line of the State in -Williamstown; and subject also to the condition, that, prior to the -second delivery of scrip, thirty per cent. of the same shall have been -paid in cash to the treasurer of the company by the stockholders -thereof, in addition to the $120,000 to be paid prior to the delivery of -any scrip; and that upon each application for scrip, in pursuance of the -law, and prior to the delivery thereof, thirty per cent. of the scrip -then applied for shall have been paid by the stockholders to the -treasurer of the company until the $600,000 subscribed for has been paid -by the stockholders. - -The Act further provided, that the treasurer of the company, within -three months from the receipt of any scrip, should pay to the -commissioners of the sinking fund created by the Act, ten per cent. on -the amount of scrip so taken as a sinking fund; and after the road -should be opened for use, twenty-five thousand dollars should be -annually paid to said commissioners for the same purpose. - -The Act further provided, that the said company should execute an -assignment, as a pledge or mortgage on the railroad, with its franchise -property and income, conditioned to pay the principal sum of said scrip, -or so much thereof as the sinking fund should be insufficient to pay, -and the interest, as the same became due; and that said company should -assign all the interest it then had, or might afterwards obtain, in the -Southern Vermont Railroad Company. - -In 1855, the legislature authorized certain towns on the line,--to wit: -Ashfield, Buckland, Conway, Colrain, Charlemont, Deerfield, Greenfield, -Hawley, Heath, Rowe, Shelburne, Adams, Florida, and Williamstown,--to -subscribe three per cent. on their valuation, respectively, to the -capital stock. This Act was not fully complied with on the part of the -towns, and $125,000 only is reported to have been realized from that -source. - -In 1855 a contract with E. W. Serrell to construct the work was reported -to and accepted by the directors. This contract does not appear among -the papers of the corporation, and its terms cannot be stated. - -At the same time the capital stock of the corporation was by a vote -increased to $1,500,000, and a location designated as the east line on -the railroad near Cheapside was adopted. This singular resolution was -also passed:-- - -_Resolved_, That the direction of the engineering operations within the -Hoosac Tunnel after the location of the line is adopted, and plans -perfected for the same, be left with the contractor, excepting the -measurements for monthly and final estimates and the final acceptance of -the work. - -1855, July 18. Mr. Serrell having proposed to subscribe the sum of -$600,000 (less the amount of the new subscription made by others,) -provided the company would make such allowances as would enable him to -dispose of the proposed issue of $900,000 of bonds advantageously, the -directors voted to add $300,000 to the contract prices of the work, and -that said $900,000 bonds as provided by the contract should be issued as -soon as authorized by the stockholders, and placed in bank by the -trustees to the credit of such persons as shall deposit against the same -cash or railroad iron equal in value to sixty-five cents on the dollar. -The said bonds to be taken by said Serrell at par and so estimated in -his contract. - -At this time sixteen hundred and thirty-five shares of new stock had -been subscribed, amounting to $163,500. - -The trustees alluded to in the foregoing vote were selected by a -committee appointed for the purpose, and with power to execute to them a -mortgage. They were J. V. C. Smith, Paul Adams and John G. Davis, all of -Boston. The mortgage was executed, and is known in the history of the -road as the "Smith mortgage." A resolution explanatory of this -transaction was passed August 16, 1855, in the following words:-- - -"_Resolved_, That, whereas by the terms of the provisions of the -resolution of July 18, 1855, by which it is provided that the bonds of -the company to be issued, are to be placed in bank, &c.; therefore, as -explanatory thereto, be it - -_Resolved_, That it is not intended thereby to prevent the operation of -the contract, but that the said bonds are to be delivered to Serrell & -Co., on the warrant of the engineer, countersigned by the president and -treasurer, whenever the engineer shall draw therefore on monthly or -final estimates." - -1856, February 7. The president reported to the directors that a -contract had been redrafted and concluded with Messrs. Serrell, Haupt & -Co., which was read, accepted and ratified, and the committee -discharged. This contract was probably dated January 31, 1856, but the -Committee have not been able to find it among the papers of the -corporation. - -1856, May 22. The directors voted, that in case Messrs. Serrell, Haupt & -Co., would enter into an agreement to carry on the work of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company, in compliance with the terms and conditions -of the loan Act, until 2,000 feet of the tunnel should be completed, the -corporation would substitute bonds instead of stock in all payments to -be made on account of work to be done to that time. - -The treasurer was authorized to give the acceptance or notes of the -company, to an extent equal to the whole indebtedness of the company to -said contractors, upon which to raise money to carry on the work. - -That the company would pay or allow to said contractors all discounts or -losses to which they might be required to submit, provided such -discounts or losses did not exceed the rate of 15 per cent. per annum. - -That the trustees of the mortgage bonds should deliver to Mr. Herman -Haupt one hundred thousand dollars in the bonds of the company in -addition to payments due for work, said bonds to be sold or hypothecated -by him, and the proceeds applied to the work. The bonds to be charged on -account of the contract if not returned when the second payment from the -State shall have been made. - -1856, July 28. H. Haupt and W. A. Galbraith notified a dissolution of -the firm of Serrell, Haupt & Co., and proposed to enter into a new -contract. - -E. W. Serrell notified that Messrs. Haupt and Galbraith were authorized -to surrender the old contract. - -The stock subscription of Edward W. Serrell and E. W. Serrell & Co., was -transferred to H. Haupt & Co., the latter to furnish a guarantee that -the assessments due and to become due should be paid. - -E. W. Serrell resigned his office as a director in the company, and was -appointed consulting engineer. W. A. Galbraith was chosen a director. - -1865, July 30. A contract was made with Herman Haupt, William A. -Galbraith, C. B. Duncan and Henry Cartwright for the construction of the -road and tunnel. The firm name of the contractors was H. Haupt & Co. By -the provisions of the contract all work done under previous contracts -with E. W. Serrell or Serrell, Haupt & Co., was to be credited to H. -Haupt & Co., and all payments under said contracts were to be charged to -H. Haupt & Co., and credited to the Troy and Greenfield Railroad. "The -road from the eastern terminus at or near Greenfield from some -convenient point on the Vermont and Massachusetts line, as the same now -is or hereafter be located," is assumed to be in all about forty-two -miles in length. - -"This contract includes the graduation, tunneling, masonry and bridging, -superstructure, fencing, depot buildings, switches, turn-tables, water -and fixtures, and in fine all labor and materials necessary for the -construction of the road are included in this contract." The right of -way to be provided and paid for by the railroad company. The work to be -completed and finished in the best manner, for which the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company agreed to pay H. Haupt & Co., "the sum of -three millions eight hundred and eighty-three thousand dollars in manner -following, to wit: Two millions of dollars in the bonds of the State of -Massachusetts, to be issued under the Act by which the credit of the -said State is loaned to said corporation, nine hundred thousand dollars -in the six per cent. mortgage bonds of said company, five hundred and -ninety-eight thousand dollars in the capital stock of said Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company, and three hundred and eighty-two thousand -dollars in cash." The work of constructing and completing the road was -to be done in compliance with the loan Act of April, 1854. One hundred -and fifty thousand dollars to be expended by the contractors in depot -buildings and necessary rolling stock, cars, engines, &c. under the -direction of the board of directors. The stock subscription of E. W. -Serrell and of Serrell & Co., amounting to five thousand nine hundred -and eighty-seven shares, was to be transferred and assumed by Haupt & -Co., payable in compliance with said Loan Act with the understanding -that the assessments on the stock were to be paid by the performance of -this contract in stock credits as provided in the contract, and the -stock taken by the contractors at par. - -This contract further provided, that on the receipt of the several -installments of State bonds, the contractors should pay to the sinking -fund the ten per cent. specified in the Loan Act, in consideration of -which Haupt & Co. should retain whatever sums was realized from the -exchange and premium on the bonds. The payments were to be made monthly, -on estimate of the company's engineer. The cost of the materials and -work upon the line, exclusive of the Hoosac Tunnel and its approaches, -was assumed to be one million eight hundred and eighty thousand dollars, -and the estimates were to be made in the relative proportion that the -part done bore "to the whole amount of materials and work to be -furnished, and done at the price named." The Hoosac Tunnel and its -approaches were estimated at two million dollars for a double track, and -the monthly estimates were to be in proportion to the amount of work -done on the approaches, and the length of tunnel excavated. - -The contract further provided, that, with the assent of both parties, -the tunnel might be constructed for a single track, in which case no -abatement was to be made for the first three thousand feet; but for the -excavation beyond that point, the sum of twelve dollars per lineal foot -was to be deducted from the contract price. - -The above are the essential provisions of the contract under which H. -Haupt & Co. performed their work upon the road and tunnel until February -18, 1858, except as the same was modified and changed by votes of the -directors. The contract was reported to the board of directors, and -approved by them August 6, 1856. On the same day the directors voted to -request the trustees to recognize H. Haupt & Co. as contractors, instead -of E. W. Serrell, and to issue the bonds to said H. Haupt & Co. on the -estimate of the engineer and the order of the trustees. - -They also voted to change the location of the road at the West End, in -accordance with plans marked A and B. - -Under date of July 10, 1857, there appears upon the records the -following:-- - -A preamble, "stating that the efforts to raise money for building the -road had proved unsuccessful; that no payments had been made the -contractors for more than a year, * * * *; that the work could only be -carried on by the continued efforts * * * * and personal credit of the -contractors. - -"Therefore voted, that the whole of the State bonds that may be issued -in aid of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall be exclusively -appropriated to work done, or to be done, upon the tunnel, in compliance -with the terms and conditions of the Act authorizing the loan of credit, -and with such other conditions and modifications as the legislature may, -from time to time, make and establish; but said H. Haupt & Co. shall not -be held subject to any other conditions whatever, so far as respects the -work done upon the tunnel; and any State scrip that may at any time be -delivered to the treasurer of the company, shall be promptly handed to -the contractors; the contractors, on their part, to comply with the -conditions of the present Act, and with such other conditions or -modifications as may be introduced, and to have the benefit of any -extension of time or increase of compensation by the State. - -Second. Any new or additional subscription that may be obtained, shall -be applied to payment of the present contractors for work done, or to be -done, by them, and to no other object; and any subscriptions that may be -collected west of the Hoosac Mountain, shall be applied exclusively to -the completion of that portion of the road. - -Third. The present subscription east of the Hoosac Mountain may be -collected and applied to the payment of other liabilities of the -corporation, and the treasurer is requested to prepare, without delay, a -full and complete list of all such liabilities. - -Fourth. Any commissions for procuring or collecting subscriptions shall -be paid by H. Haupt & Co., in consideration of which, and also of the -premises, the payment of graduation, masonry, bridging, and -superstructure on the road, exclusive of the tunnel, shall be two -million dollars, with the addition of such sums as may be required for -the right of way, if this item shall be paid by the contractors. Of this -amount, nine hundred thousand dollars shall be in mortgage bonds of the -company, and the balance in cash, to as great an extent as can be -procured, the remainder in stock at par; and the directors of the Troy -and Greenfield Railroad Company shall use their best endeavors to -increase the cash subscriptions as much as possible. - -If new parties be introduced, or desired by H. Haupt & Co., the contract -may be redrafted, and these conditions and changes incorporated; the -committee for this purpose shall consist of the president and Alvah -Crocker, with power to execute it finally, if not inconsistent with the -present contract, or with the changes hereby authorized. It is further -agreed and understood, that nothing herein contained shall be so -constrained as to invalidate the existing contract with said Haupt & -Co., or vary its conditions, except so far as herein expressed or -necessarily implied." - -On the 18th of February, 1858, another agreement was made by Herman -Haupt and Henry Cartwright with the Troy and Greenfield Railroad -Company, and such others as might be associated with them; and who upon -signing the contract were to be considered as parties to the same; as it -bears the signatures of D. N. Carpenter, President for the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company, and H. Haupt & Co., by H. Haupt, and no -others, it may be presumed that Messrs. Haupt and Cartwright are the -only persons comprising the party of the first part. - -This contract recites that every attempt to procure new or to collect -old subscriptions to the capital stock of the company, since the -execution of the former contract with H. Haupt & Co., have proved -unsuccessful; that the contractors had prosecuted the work for more than -two years without any payment having been made to them as required by -existing contract; that there appeared no possibility of procuring means -for the further prosecution of the work, except by the continued -efforts, increased expenditures, and personal credit of the contractors -themselves; and that H. Haupt & Co. propose to release the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company from the cash payments required by the -contract, and to assume themselves the labor of procuring and collecting -subscriptions, and of carrying on and completing the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel in such manner as will comply with all the -conditions of the Loan Act. The parties therefore agreed. - -That H. Haupt & Co. should comply with all the conditions of the Act, -approved April 5th, 1854, whereby a loan of credit was given by the -State of Massachusetts in aid of the construction of the Hoosac Tunnel, -and should have the benefit of any changes that may hereafter be -obtained, or extensions of time that may be granted; but they shall be -subject to no other conditions or restrictions other than those -expressed in this contract. - -That the road shall be so constructed that its gradients should not -exceed those in each direction which exist or may hereafter exist -permanently on other portions of the line between Troy and Boston; that -sharper curves than were in ordinary use in other parts of the line were -to be changed at the expense of the contractors, and trestle work or -temporary bridging was to be replaced by permanent structures at the -expense of the contractors as soon as practicable after the completion -and opening of the whole line. - -That H. Haupt & Co. should have the benefit of all existing -subscriptions, and of all they might procure; also of any revenue that -might arise from the use of the road, or any portion of it when -completed, until their claims on the company were discharged and paid; -and to secure this end, the payment of all other debts of the -corporation was to be deferred until that of the contractors was -satisfied. The real estate of the corporation not required for the -purposes and use of the road, was to be sold or applied to meet present -liabilities of the company; and Haupt & Co. were to maintain the -organization of the corporation and pay its necessary printing expenses, -by paying to the treasurer annually a sum not less than five hundred -dollars. - -The State bonds were to be appropriated exclusively to the construction -of the tunnel. The State scrip delivered to the treasurer of the company -was to be promptly handed to the contractors. - -The compensation to be allowed to H. Haupt & Co. was to be as provided -in the resolutions of the directors, passed July 10, 1857. - -The payment for graduation, bridging, masonry, and superstructure on the -road, exclusive of the tunnel, was fixed at two million dollars, -exclusive of any payments that might be made for the right of way. Of -this amount, nine hundred thousand dollars was to be paid in mortgage -bonds of the company; the balance in cash, to as great an extent as cash -subscriptions could be secured; the remainder in stock at par. - -The bonds and stock of the company to be issued to H. Haupt & Co. when -required, to an amount equal to the work done, estimating it by the -proportion it bore to the whole amount performed and to be performed. - -H. Haupt & Co. were authorized to collect subscriptions to the capital -stock of the company, and their receipt for money was to be accepted by -the company as evidence of payment. By the execution of this agreement -all former contracts between the same parties were agreed to be annulled -and cancelled. - -H. Haupt & Co. was recognized as the firm name under which the parties -of the first part were associated, and then to be conducted. Copies of -this and the preceding contract will be found printed verbatim in a -report of a committee of the House of Representatives in 1860, of which -Mr. Kimball, of Boston, was chairman. It was reprinted in 1861, and is -House document No. 406, of last year; and it may be profitably consulted -for other valuable information touching the doings of the Troy and -Greenfield Corporation and the contractors therewith. - -1858, May 25, the directors assented that the iron delivered by the -Rensselaer Iron Company for the road should remain the property of the -iron company until the same was paid for, in accordance with an -agreement of H. Haupt & Co. with the iron company. - -From a report of a committee of the directors made to the board July 23, -1858, it appears that at the date of the report, seven thousand four -hundred and fifteen, shares were subscribed for unconditionally by -parties who appeared to have been solvent at the time of subscribing. - -That three thousand four hundred and fifty shares had been subscribed -for conditionally, or, by parties who were not solvent, or whose -subscriptions could not be collected. - -That of the conditional subscriptions, the greater part had been or -would be complied with; of these nine hundred and thirty-nine were -subscribed by the towns not included in the published lists. - -Upon two thousand four hundred and thirty shares of the unconditional -subscriptions, including those of Gilmore and Carpenter, twenty per -cent. only had been paid. - -That upon six thousand five hundred and nine shares, subscribed for -unconditionally, twenty per cent. or more had been paid in cash. - -At this date it appears that the whole number of shares subscribed for -conditionally and unconditionally, was ten thousand eight hundred and -sixty-five. - -At this meeting of the board the clerk was directed to place upon the -record the names of all the stockholders, with the number of shares held -by each, on which twenty per cent. or more had been paid. The record -shows the number of shares to be six thousand six hundred and -forty-eight, and the amount paid on the same two hundred and sixty-seven -thousand five hundred and sixty-nine dollars. Against the name of H. -Haupt & Co. was set the number of five thousand shares. At this meeting -the directors also voted to fix the capital stock at one million five -hundred thousand dollars. - -1858, September 3. The last vote was reconsidered, and it was voted that -the capital stock be fixed at [Note: amount missing] as represented by -the list of stock reported at the previous meeting. - -The directors also voted as they had previously done, to rescind all the -assessments heretofore voted, except the assessment of three per cent. -laid April 11, 1849, and then voted an assessment of ten per cent. upon -each and every share in the capital stock of the company, payable in -thirty days. Between this date and September 14, 1859, nine other -assessments were voted, the whole amounting to eighty-eight per cent. of -the par value of the stock. - -By another entry upon the records, under date of November 3, 1858, it -appears that Williamstown and Adams subscribed to the capital stock of -the Troy and Greenfield Railroad, ninety-three thousand dollars, upon -condition that the payment should be made in town scrip, maturing in -thirty years, and to be issued whim the road was completed between Adams -and Troy; half the interest on the scrip to be paid by the Troy and -Boston Railroad Company. Mortgage bonds of the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad Company, in amount equal to said subscription, were to be -deposited in the Adams Bank as security against loss of stock from such -a contingency as a sale of the road by the _bona fide_ holders. - -Immediately following this entry upon the records are recorded these -votes:-- - -_Voted_, To accept the subscription on the condition stated, that the -contract with the Troy and Boston Railroad Company be altered to allow -said company to pay the interest on the scrip directly to the treasurers -of the towns; that bonds to the amount of ninety-three thousand dollars -be prepared ready for delivery, and that Mr. Haupt and the treasurer be -a committee to carry this vote into effect, as also any change of -contract with the Troy and Boston Railroad Company. - -_Voted_, That the trustees of the mortgage bonds of this corporation be, -and hereby are, requested to deliver to Mr. H. Haupt and the treasurer, -ninety-three bonds of one thousand dollars each, to be deposited by them -in the Adams Bank, in compliance with the conditions and requirements of -the votes of towns of Adams and Williamstown, &c., &c.; sixty bonds to -be appropriated as security for Adams, and thirty-three for -Williamstown. - -Under date of May 20, 1859, appears the following record:-- - -Whereas, satisfactory evidence has been afforded to the board of -directors of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company that H. Haupt has, -by an instrument of writing, duly executed, formally relinquished, for -himself, his heirs, executors and administrators, all pecuniary interest -in any profits that may be realized in the construction of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel, and that the use of his name in -connection with the firm is merely nominal, to avoid the inconvenience -and embarrassment resulting from a change of title: - -_Voted_, That in the opinion of this board, no impediment exists to -prevent the said H. Haupt from performing the duties of chief engineer -of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, and that he be, and hereby -is, appointed to said office. - -1859, December 26. _Voted_, That the treasurer be, and hereby is, -directed to hand over to H. Haupt & Co., as soon as received by him, the -bonds of the Commonwealth, hereafter to be issued in aid of the road or -tunnel, taking their receipt therefore. - -In 1859, application was made to the legislature to reduce the size of -the tunnel in order to facilitate its completion, and by chapter 117, of -the Acts of that year, it was provided that the tunnel might be -constructed of the height of eighteen feet, and fourteen feet wide, and -the payments were changed so as to depend upon the construction of the -railroad, the excavation of the tunnel, and also of the heading, which -was to be driven of the width of fourteen feet at the bottom, and the -height of six feet in the middle, with a proviso that no more than -seventeen hundred thousand dollars (in addition to the six hundred -thousand dollars of scrip,) of stock subscriptions, and the anticipated -scrip from the towns before, mentioned, all of which was to be -considered as unconditional subscriptions, should be paid until the -whole of the tunnel through the Hoosac Mountain shall have been -completed, and the payments by the State were not to commence until -twenty per cent. of the stock subscription should "have been actually -paid in." The provisions of this Act, in regard to advances by the State -for progress actually made in excavating the tunnel and constructing the -road, were substituted for those of the Act of 1854, the second section -of which was repealed. By chapter 184 of the Acts of 1860, the city of -Boston was authorized, with the consent of the legal voters, to -subscribe five hundred thousand dollars to the capital stock of the Troy -and Greenfield Railroad; but the consent was not given. - -The legislation of 1859 did not meet the exigencies of the corporation, -and application for assistance was again made. To relieve still further -the difficulties of the company, the Act of 1860, chapter 202, was -passed, in which it was provided that the undelivered portion of the -loan of two million of dollars, authorized by chapter 226 of the Acts of -1854, amounting to one million seven hundred and seventy thousand -dollars, should be apportioned between the railroad and tunnel, and for -the construction of each respectively, and six hundred and fifty -thousand dollars was set apart for the completion of the unfinished -portion of the railroad, extending from its eastern terminus, near -Greenfield, to within half a mile of the eastern end of the Hoosac -Tunnel, and one million one hundred and twenty thousand dollars to the -completion of the tunnel. The Act provided for the execution to the -Commonwealth of such further bond and mortgage as the attorney-general -should prescribe, and that such bond and mortgage, as well as all bonds, -mortgages or other assurances heretofore made to the Commonwealth by -said company, should have priority and be preferred before any and all -attachments or levies on execution heretofore or hereafter made. The Act -further provided that payments hereafter to be made for work done upon -the road and tunnel, should be so made upon estimates of a State -engineer, whose appointment and duties were prescribed in the Act. Such -estimates were to be based upon a "width of road-bed, at grade, of -fifteen feet on embankments, seventeen and a half feet in side cots, and -twenty feet in through cuts; in the heading of the tunnel, upon -dimensions fourteen feet wide and six feet high in the middle, and in -the finished excavation of the tunnel, of fourteen feet wide and -eighteen feet high in the middle." And the deliveries of scrip were to -be at the rate of fifty dollars for each lineal foot of tunnel, divided -between heading and full-sized tunnel, in the proportion of thirty -dollars for each lineal foot of heading, and twenty dollars per lineal -foot for the remaining excavation, and of six hundred and fifty thousand -dollars for the whole of the graduation, masonry, bridging and -superstructure of the road east of the tunnel. The weight of the rails -was fixed at not less than fifty-six pounds to the lineal yard; the -capital stock of the corporation at two millions and a half dollars, -including all shares before issued. - -By the eighth section of the Act the corporation was authorized to -purchase the entire road franchise, stock, bonds, and other property or -the Southern Vermont Railroad Company, together with its lease to the -Troy and Boston Railroad Company, and subject to its provisions, for the -sum of two hundred thousand dollars. This Act repealed all prior -legislation inconsistent with its provisions, with a saving of the -security which the Commonwealth had, by virtue of its mortgage on the -franchise, railroad and property of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad -Company, and was approved April 4, 1860. - -1860, July 3. A committee was appointed to execute the mortgage to the -Commonwealth required by chapter 202, of the Acts of 1860. - -1861, July 30. The directors voted that Mr. Haupt be a committee to -appear before the council in reference to the withholding the scrip now -due the road; and January 16, 1862, it was voted that Mr. Haupt be -authorized to act as the agent and representative of the company in any -relation that the company may be brought before the present legislature -or any committee thereof. - -Previous to the vote of July, 1861, suspicion was excited that Messrs. -H. Haupt & Co. were not performing their work in a manner conformable to -the requirements of the statute, and it was deemed imprudent to make any -further advance of scrip under the Act of 1859, until the work was -examined and the condition of the corporation better understood. An -inquiry was instituted, a new State engineer appointed, and an -investigation of the proceedings of the contractors and corporation was -had. The facts disclosed in the examination induced the governor and -council to withhold the issue of any more scrip, under the last -mentioned law, and the legislature by chapter 156 of the Acts of 1862, -passed April 28, assumed the duty of completing the road and tunnel. - -The first section of the Act is as follows:-- - -"The governor, with the advice of the council, is hereby authorized and -directed to appoint three able, impartial and skilful commissioners, to -investigate the subject of finishing the Troy and Greenfield Railroad, -and of tunneling the Hoosac Mountain, whose duty it shall be to report -to the governor and council, what in their judgment, will be the most -economical, practical and advantageous method of completing said road -and tunnel; the estimated cost of fitting the same for use; the time -within which the tunnel can be completed, and what contracts can be -effected and with what parties for completing said tunnel and road and -the probable cost of the same; the probable pecuniary value of the road -and tunnel when completed; the sources and amount of traffic and income, -and all other facts, in their opinion, useful to assist the governor and -council in determining the best method of securing a continuous railroad -communication between Troy and Greenfield." - -By the second section the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company was -authorized to surrender to the State the property mortgaged. - -By the third section the commissioners were authorized to audit and -allow all just claims for labor, service, materials and land damages -incurred between April 6, 1860 and July 12, 1861, in carrying on the -work, and to procure the release and discharge of all attachments and -liens upon said materials. $175,000 was appropriated to pay the -claimants under the approval of the governor and council. - -By the fourth section the commissioners were authorized to use or run -that portion of the road east of the mountain or lease the same to the -"Vermont and Massachusetts," the "Fitchburg," the "Troy and Boston -Railway Company," or either of them, until the completion of the tunnel. - -By the fifth section the commissioners were authorized to continue the -work on the Hoosac Tunnel, and by contract or otherwise, to expedite its -completion. - -On the 18th of August 1862, is recorded on the records of the -corporation the following votes:-- - -1. "The directors of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company hereby -instruct the president to transfer to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, -under the several mortgages held by said Commonwealth, all the property -of said corporation. - -2. "_Voted_ to call a meeting of the stockholders to see if they would -ratify the above vote. - -3. "_Voted_, That the treasurer be directed to make no further delivery -of the stock or bonds to the contractors without the written order of -all the finance committee." - -At the commencement of the session of the legislature in January, 1863, -his Excellency Governor Andrew, after stating the general provisions of -the Act of April, 1862, and the appointment of the commissioners under -it, "each of whom was carefully selected as being, in the words of the -Act, at once 'able, impartial and skilful,'" and after alluding to the -labors of the commissioners, and the reports of the distinguished -engineers appointed to "assist them, closes his remarks upon the -enterprise in the following words:-- - -"The report of the commissioners to the governor and council is not yet -made, but it is understood to be in rapid preparation. I am unable, -therefore, to communicate to the legislature at the beginning of its -present session so fully as I have hoped on the subject of this -important and interesting enterprise of establishing a new avenue for -our trade with the West, piercing the Green Mountain range, and opening -up to greater activity the economical resources of our Northern tier of -towns. I trust that the conclusions and reasoning of the commissioners -when published will settle conflicting opinions in the minds of the -people, and, if favorable to the active pursuit of the enterprise, that -its prosecution will enjoy an unanimous support. The work can be -pursued, relieved from all factitious embarrassments, and contracts can -be made by those in the sole interest of the Commonwealth, superintended -by citizens of the highest experience and capacity." - -In communicating the report of the commissioners to the legislature on -the 12th of March, 1863, after analyzing and commenting upon its -statements and reasonings, the governor concludes his address in these -words: "I congratulate thee general court and the people upon the rescue -of the Commonwealth, and especially of this great experimental -enterprise, from a position inconsistent with economical, safe, or even -possible success in piercing its mountain barrier. - -"I earnestly and respectfully invite your most candid and thoughtful -consideration, not only of the specific facts and figures which -elucidate or express the details of information bearing most immediately -upon the work contemplated, but I also venture to commend to your -deliberate judgment the arguments and reasonings drawn from liberal and -enlightened views of public policy and of public economy, which finally -lift this subject above all merely local interests or antagonisms into -the sphere of statesmanship. And having attentively watched the progress -of the report of the commissioners, and the documents by which it is -accompanied through the press, I am prepared to give my own assent to -the opinion with the expression of which the commissioners conclude -their discussion:-- - -"'By the time the tunnel can be completed, the public interest requiring -it will have grown large enough to pay for the outlay. The impulse given -to business by the new facility, would soon fill up the new line, and -make up the temporary loss felt by any other. - -"'Considering the large sum which the Commonwealth has already invested -in this work, which must be sunk if it is not completed; the reasonable -protection from loss which is offered by the other companies interested -in the line; the more intimate relations it may promote between -Massachusetts and the West; and the benefits which such a facility -promises to the city and State, we are of opinion that the work should -be undertaken by the Commonwealth, and completed as early as it can be -with due regard to economy.'" - -The surrender of the road by the directors to the Commonwealth, was -followed by the following vote, passed January 7, 1863:-- - -_Voted_, That Mr. Stevenson, formerly State Engineer of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad, be requested to return an estimate of the payments -and credits to which Haupt & Co. were entitled, under their contract, at -the time of the suspension of the work, and that the amount allowed by -such estimate be passed to the credit of H. Haupt & Co.; also, that the -stock and bonds to which they are entitled be issued without further -order, when legal impediments are removed. - -Under the vote, Mr. Stevenson made the following report:-- - - _Engineer's Office, Bunker Hill Bank Building,;_} - CHARLESTOWN, MASS., Feb. 10, 1863.} - -D. N. CARPENTER, Esq., _President, pro tem., T. & G. R. R; Co._ - -DEAR SIR:--By a vote passed on the 7th of January last, I am requested -to return an estimate of the payments and credits to which H. Haupt & -Co. were entitled under their contract at the time of the suspension of -the work on the Troy and Greenfield Railroad. - -The contract thus alluded to recites that "The compensation to be -allowed to H. Haupt & Co. shall be as provided in the resolutions of the -board of directors of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, passed -July 10, A. D. 1857, to wit: - -"The whole of the State bonds that may be issued in aid of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company shall be exclusively appropriated to work -done, or to be done, upon the tunnel, in compliance with the terms and -conditions of the Act authorizing the loan of credit; and any State -scrip that may,' at any time, be delivered to the treasurer of the -company shall be promptly handed to the contractors. - -"The payments for graduation, bridging, masonry, and superstructure of -the road, exclusive of the tunnel, shall be two millions of dollars, -with the addition of such sums as may be required for right of way, if -this item shall be paid by the contractors. Of this amount, nine hundred -thousand dollars shall be in the mortgage bonds of the company, and the -balance shall be in cash, to as great an extent as cash subscription can -be procured; the remainder in stock, at par. - -"The bonds and stock of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall -be issued to H. Haupt & Co. whenever required, but not to a greater -extent than they would be entitled to receive for the work done, -estimating' it by the proportion which it bears to the whole amount done -and to be done." - -This contract is so clear and precise in its terms that but one -construction can be placed upon it, though it is evident that such terms -were predicated upon a different state of affairs than existed at the -time of suspension. By this contract, all State payments are to be -exclusively appropriated to the work on the tunnel, while the stock and -bonds are as exclusively devoted to the graduation, bridging, masonry, -and superstructure of the railroad. The amount of compensation the -contractors would thus be entitled to, is the issue of State scrip from -July 10th, 1857, to the time of suspension, and the $2,000,000 of stock -and bonds, less the amount required to finish the railroad. From this -must be deducted such payments as may have been made from time to time, -concerning which I have no data, but which your treasurer's books must -show. Any sums that may have been paid by the contractors for right of -way, are to be added to the amount due. - -The cost of finishing the railroad must be estimated. For the road east -of the tunnel, my estimate of the cost of finishing was, September 12, -1861, $102,394; to this we should add one-half mile of railroad and -bridge over the Deerfield, $20,000. For the unfinished portion west of -the tunnel, I have no data of my own; I have, therefore, taken for the -purpose the estimate of D. L. Harris, which is the highest I can -find--$40,000. - -We thus have as the cash cost of completing the graduation, masonry, -bridging, and superstructure of the road, $162,394, which is to be -deducted from the $2,000,000 of stock and bonds, leaving the amount the -contractors are entitled to, $1,857,606, less payments made, plus the -amount of right of way, &c. - -This is in exact accordance with the strict construction of the contract -which I previously have remarked was predicted upon a different -condition of affairs than existed at the time of suspension. - -I deem it my duty in this connection respectfully to suggest whether, in -view of the changes made in the issue of State scrip, which was paid -upon the road as well as upon the tunnel, the contractors should not -make proper reductions of the stock and bonds due them, taking into -consideration as an offset to this such losses as they have been -subjected to by the adverse action of the State authorities. This -suggestion, however, is volunteered. My duty under the vote of the board -is simply to decide what amount the contractors are entitled to receive -under an exact and literal construction of the contract. - -L. STEVENSON, _Civil Engineer_. - -Mr. Haupt was present at the meeting of the directors at which the vote -of January 7 was passed, and the 30th day of May he addressed the -following letter to the treasurer of the corporation:-- - - MAY 30, 1863. - -W. T. DAVIS, Esq., _Treasurer, &c._ DEAR SIR:--I find the statement of -payments on road in Senate Document, No. 82, 1863, page 17 communication -of J. W. Brooks to governor, viz:-- - - Oct. 8, 1860, $64,090 00 - Dec. 12, 1860, 112,190 00 - Jan. 5, 1861, 30,355 00 - Feb. 18, 1861, 23,270 00 - March 7, 1861, 19,890 00 - April 14, 1861, 19,175 00 - May 7, 1861, 65,555 00 - June 26, 1861, 34,645 00 - July 9, 1861, 90,064 00 - ----------- - $455,234 00 - -Omitting for the present any consideration of offsets, and deducting -this whole amount for a temporary settlement, the items to be filled up -will be as follows:-- - - Whole amount of credit on road per Stevenson's - estimate, . . . . . . . . . . . $1,800,000 00 - Deduct stock already issued as per certificates - delivered, number, . . . . . . . . - Shares, . . . . . . . . . . . . - Bonds delivered, number, . . . . . . . - Dates of delivery, . . . . . . . . . - Total bonds and stock delivered, . . . . - Balance stock to be delivered, . . . . . - -In addition to this, H. Haupt & Co. have credits on the books of the -company for cash payments made on company accounts as follows:-- - - * * * * * - - Amounting to say, . . . . . . . $90,000 00 - - Yours, &c., HAUPT. - -Stock to be delivered hereafter instead of bonds. You can with these -dates make out this statement in an hour, please do so and send to me at -Washington. - -Some people in Massachusetts will find out that I am not quite dead yet, -they may feel me kicking before long. Help Field all you can to get -releases on payment of the 85 per cent. I will not forget you. - - HAUPT. - -Previous to the receipt of Mr. Haupt's letter to the treasurer, but -subsequent to the message of the governor, from the foregoing, extracts -have been made, to wit: On the first day of April, 1863, the following -preamble and resolutions were passed by the directors. - -"On motion of Mr. Brigham, seconded by Mr. Cheever, the following -resolutions were adopted:-- - -"_Whereas_, The stockholders of this company at their annual meeting -held September 2, 1862, unanimously acquiesced in the action which the -legislature had taken in regard to the affairs of this company, and -voted to surrender the property of the corporation to the Commonwealth -in the expectation that the railroad and tunnel should be completed in -conformity with the avowed intention of the legislature. It is - -"_Resolved_, That this board of directors see no reason to regret the -step which this corporation has taken, but in the kindly interest shown -by His Excellency the governor in this enterprise, and in the able -report of the commissioners appointed to examine the subject, they -perceive every indication that the great work will be prosecuted with -vigor and arrive at an early completion. - -"_Resolved_, That having released the property to the Commonwealth, we -recognize the State as having entire and complete control over the same; -our only claim being that the State shall carry out in good faith the -recommendations of the commissioners as contained in their report, and -in the address of the chief magistrate of the Commonwealth. - -"_Resolved_, That the clerk be requested to furnish copies of the above -vote to the friends of the road in the Senate and House of -Representatives, to be used if necessary to show the views of the -directors." - -On the 29th day of April, 1863, the legislature, passed an Act entitled -"an Act in addition to an Act, providing for the more speedy completion -of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad, and Hoosac Tunnel," which is -chapter 214 of the Acts of 1863. By the provisions of this Act, the -commissioners appointed under chapter 156 of the previous year, were -authorized, subject to the advice and approval of the governor and -council, to construct, complete and equip the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel, and to make such alterations in the line of -the road as may be deemed necessary to render it suitable and proper for -part of a through line from Troy to Boston. Also such alterations in the -location and dimensions of said tunnel as will render it suitable and -proper for use, in accordance with the spirit and intent of the 224th -chapter of the Acts of 1854. - -By the legislation of 1862 and 1863, and the vote of the directors and -of the corporation in the same years, the corporation surrendered to the -State the road and tunnel, and the State took possession of the same -with the express understanding on both sides, that they would proceed in -the construction and completion of both works. The enterprise having -fallen into the hands of the State, and the work having been assumed by -the State government, no further vote of importance appears upon the -records of the directors. Their last meeting was held August 30, 1865, -when Alvah Crocker was chosen President, and Wendell T. Davis, Clerk and -Treasurer. - - - - - -[B.] - - - _Principal Acts of the Legislature relating to the Hoosac Tunnel - and Troy and Greenfield Railroad._ - - -[1848--Chapter 307.] - -AN ACT to incorporate the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company. - -_Be it enacted, &c._ - -SECT. 1. George Grennell, Roger H. Leavitt, Samuel H. Reed, their -associates and successors, are hereby made a corporation, by the name of -the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, with all the powers and -privileges, and subject to all the duties, liabilities, and restrictions -set forth in the forty-fourth chapter of the Revised Statutes, and in -that part of the thirty-ninth chapter thereof relating to railroad -corporations, and in all other general laws which have been, or shall be -hereafter passed, relative to railroad corporations. - -SECT. 2. Said company are hereby authorized to locate, construct, and -maintain a railroad, with one or more tracks, from some convenient point -on the Vermont and Massachusetts Railroad, at or near the termination of -said railroad in Greenfield, through any or all of the following towns, -viz.:--Greenfield, Deerfield, Conway, Shelburne, Buckland, Coleraine, -Charlemont, Hawley, Rowe, and Monroe, in the county of Franklin, and -Savoy, Florida, Adams, Clarksburg, and Williamstown, in the county of -Berkshire, to some point on the line of the state of New York or of -Vermont, convenient to meet, or connect with, any railroad that may be -constructed from any point at or near the city of Troy, on the Hudson -river, in the state of New York. - -SECT. 3. The said company may, with their railroad, unite with, and -enter upon, the Vermont and Massachusetts Railroad, at or near the -termination thereof, as aforesaid, and may likewise enter upon, cross, -and use, the railroad of the Connecticut River Railroad Company, in and -near the town of Greenfield, (not, however, interfering with the depot -buildings of either of said companies,) on such terms as may be agreed -upon between the corporation hereby created and the aforesaid companies -respectively, or as may be prescribed by law. - -SECT. 4. The capital stock of the said company shall consist of not more -than thirty-five thousand shares, the number of which shall, from time -to time, be determined by the directors thereof; and no assessment shall -be laid of a greater amount thereon, in the whole, than one hundred -dollars on each share. And the said company may purchase and hold such -real and personal estate, as may be necessary for the purposes of their -incorporation. - -SECT. 5. If the location of said road shall not be filed within two -years, in the manner prescribed by law, or if the said railroad shall -not be constructed within seven years from the passage of this act, then -the same shall be void. - -SECT. 6. The legislature may authorize any railroad company to enter, -with their railroad, upon the Troy and Greenfield Railroad, on such -terms as may be agreed upon by said companies, or as may be prescribed -by the provisions of law. - -SECT. 7. The legislature may, after the expiration of five years from -the time when such railroad shall be opened for use, from time to time, -alter and reduce the rate of toll, or profits, upon said road; but said -toll shall not be so reduced, without the consent of said company, as to -produce, with said profits, less than ten per cent. per annum, upon the -investments of the said company. - -SECT. 8. The said corporation may contract with the owners of any -contiguous railroad leading into or from either of the states of Vermont -or New York, for the use of the whole or any part thereof, or for the -running and operating the two railroads conjointly, or for the leasing -of such contiguous road, or for the letting or hiring of their own road -to the owners of such contiguous road, or of any other road which -composes a part of the railroad line between the cities of Boston and -Troy, of which the railroad hereby authorized shall be a part. - -SECT. 9. The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall, within one year -after the opening of their road for use, purchase and take an assignment -of the lease and contract of transportation, made and executed between -the Western Railroad Corporation and the Pittsfield and North Adams -Railroad Corporation, on the thirteenth day of January, in the year one -thousand eight hundred and forty-six; and shall have all the advantages, -and assume all the liabilities, accruing under and by virtue of said -lease: provided, that the said Western. Railroad Corporation shall -perform their covenants in said lease, to keep said road, and other -property therewith connected, in repair, until such assignment; and -shall, within six months after the said Troy and Greenfield Railroad -Company shall have filed the location of their road, according to law, -and shall have raised, by subscription, one million of dollars, for the -construction of the same, signify, in writing, their election to make -such assignment: and provided, that, at the time of such assignment, -there shall be secured to said Western Railroad Corporation, by a proper -instrument, a lien or mortgage upon all their rights in said Pittsfield -and North Adams Railroad, as collateral security for the performance of -all the obligations of said corporation, contained in said lease and -contract of transportation: and, provided also, that, after the -completion of the said Troy and Greenfield Railroad, the said Western -Railroad Corporation shall assign and convey, to the said Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company, the said contract of transportation, -according to the terms of this section, if the said Troy and Greenfield -Railroad Company shall so elect. - -SECT. 10. This act shall take effect from and after its passage. -[_May 10, 1848._ - - -[1852.--Chapter 291.] - -AN ACT concerning the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company. - -_Be it enacted, &c._ - -SECT. 1. The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company and the Southern -Vermont Railroad Company, a corporation established by the laws of -Vermont, are hereby authorized by a vote of the stockholders now, or to -be, passed, to unite themselves in one corporation; and such vote having -been passed, they shall thereupon become one corporation, and all the -franchises, property, powers, and privileges now enjoyed by, and all the -restrictions, liabilities, and obligations imposed upon, said two -corporations, by virtue of their respective charters, shall appertain to -said united corporation in the same manner as if the same had been -contained in or acquired under an original charter. Such corporation, so -formed by such union, shall be called by the name of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company. - -SECT. 2. If the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall unite with -said Southern Vermont Railroad Company, then, and in that case, one or -more of the directors of such corporation, formed by such union, shall -be an inhabitant of this Commonwealth, on whom processes against such -corporation may be legally served, and said company shall be held -answerable to answer in the jurisdiction where the service is made and -the process returnable. - -SECT. 3. The said company and the stockholders therein, so far as they -are situate in Massachusetts, shall be subject to all the duties and -liabilities of railroad corporations in Massachusetts, and to the -general laws of this Commonwealth in relation to railroad corporations. -[Approved by the Governor, May 20, 1852. - - -[1854.--Chapter 226.] - -AN ACT authorizing a Loan of the State Credit to enable the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company to construct the Hoosac Tunnel. - -_Be it enacted, &c._ - -SECT. 1. The treasurer of the Commonwealth is hereby authorized and -instructed to issue scrip, or certificates of debt, in the name and in -behalf of the Commonwealth, and under his signature and the seal of the -Commonwealth, for the sum of two millions of dollars, which may be -expressed in the currency of Great Britain, and may be payable to the -bearer thereof in London, and bearing an interest of five per cent. per -annum, payable semi-annually in London, on the first days of April and -October; or the said scrip may be issued in federal currency, payable in -Boston, as the directors of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company -shall elect when they apply for each and every issue of said scrip, with -warrants for the interest attached thereto, signed by the treasurer; -which scrip or certificates, in the currency of Great Britain, shall be -redeemable in London, and those in the federal currency, at Boston, at -the end of thirty years from the date thereof, and the same shall bear -date on the first day of April or October which shall precede the issue -of each portion of said scrip; and all such scrip shall be countersigned -by the governor of the Commonwealth, and be deemed a pledge of the faith -and credit of the Commonwealth, for the redemption thereof; and the -treasurer of the Commonwealth, under the conditions hereinafter -provided, shall deliver the same to the treasurer of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company for the purpose of enabling the said company -to construct a tunnel and railroad under and through the Hoosac -Mountain, in some place between the "Great Bend" in Deerfield River, in -the town of Florida, at the base of Hoosac Mountain on the east, and the -base of the western side of the mountain, near the east end of the -village of North Adams, on the west. - -SECT. 2. Whenever it shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of the -governor and council, that the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company -shall have obtained subscriptions to their corporate stock, in the sum -of six hundred thousand dollars, and twenty per cent. on each and every -share of said six hundred thousand dollars shall have been actually paid -in, and shall have completed seven miles of their said railroad, in one -or two sections, and one thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel under -the Hoosac, in one or more sections, of size sufficient for one or more -railroad tracks, a portion of said scrip, to the amount of one hundred -thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the treasurer of said company; -and when said company shall have completed, in one or two sections, ten -miles of their said railroad, and two thousand lineal feet of their said -tunnel, in one or more sections, another portion of said scrip, to the -amount of one hundred thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the -treasurer of said company; and when said company shall have completed -fifteen miles of their said railroad, in one or two sections, and three -thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel, in one or more sections, -another portion of said scrip, amounting to one hundred thousand -dollars, shall be delivered to the treasurer of said company; and when -said company shall have completed twenty miles of their said railroad, -in one or two sections, and four thousand lineal feet of their said -tunnel, in one or more sections, another portion of said scrip, -amounting to one hundred thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the -treasurer of said company; and when said company shall have completed -twenty-five miles of their said railroad, in one or two sections, and -five thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel, in one or more sections, -another portion of said scrip, amounting to one hundred thousand -dollars, shall be delivered to the treasurer of said company; and when -said company shall have completed thirty miles of their said railroad, -in one or two sections, and six thousand lineal feet of their said -tunnel, in one or more sections, another portion of said scrip, -amounting to one hundred thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the -treasurer of said company; and when said company shall have completed -thirty-two miles of their said railroad, in one or two sections, -including all their line to be constructed east of the town of Florida, -and seven thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel, in one or more -sections, another portion of said scrip, amounting to one hundred -thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the treasurer of said company; -and for each additional portion or portions of said tunnel, of fifteen -hundred lineal feet, in one or more directions, completed by said -company, another portion of said scrip, amounting to one hundred -thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the treasurer of said company; -subject, however, to this proviso, that the last two hundred thousand -dollars of said scrip shall be reserved until said company, their -successors or their representatives, have opened said railroad for use -through the Hoosac, and laid a continuous railroad from Greenfield to -the line of the state in Williamstown, when the same shall be delivered: -provided, that prior to the second delivery of scrip to the treasurer of -the Troy and Greenfield Railroad corporation, according to the -provisions of this section, evidence shall be furnished, satisfactory to -the governor and council, that a sum, equal to thirty per cent. of the -amount of the scrip then applied for, shall have been actually paid to -the treasurer of said corporation; in cash, by the stockholders thereof, -in addition to the hundred and twenty thousand dollars to be paid prior -to the delivery of any scrip. And that on each application for scrip, in -pursuance of the provisions of this section, and prior to the delivery -thereof, satisfactory evidence shall be furnished to the governor and -council, that a sum, equal to thirty per cent. of the amount of scrip -then applied for, has been actually paid to the treasurer of said -corporation, until six hundred thousand dollars subscribed for have been -paid by the stockholders. And no scrip shall be delivered till -satisfactory evidence of such payment is, from time to time, furnished -to the governor and council. - -SECT. 3. Whenever the treasurer of said company shall receive any of -said scrip, he shall, within three months from the receipt of the same, -pay to the commissioners of the sinking fund, by this act hereafter -established, ten per cent. on the amount of scrip so taken, as a sinking -fund; after the whole of said road is open for us, twenty-five thousand -dollars annually, shall be set apart from the income of said road and -paid to said commissioners, and the whole thereof shall be added to said -sinking fund, and shall be managed, invested and appropriated, as is, or -shall be provided by law, in relation thereto. - -SECT. 4. The treasurer of the Commonwealth, the auditor of accounts of -the Commonwealth, and the treasurer of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad -Company for the time being, shall be the commissioners of the sinking -fund of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company. The said commissioners -shall have the care and management of all the moneys, funds and -securities at any time belonging to said sinking fund, and shall invest -the same; but the moneys not invested, and all the securities of said -fund, shall be in the custody of the treasurer of said Commonwealth. - -SECT. 5. This act shall not take effect until said company, at an annual -meeting, or at a special meeting duly notified for that purpose, shall -have assented to the provisions thereof, and shall have executed to the -Commonwealth a bond, in such form as the attorney-general prescribed on -the issuing of scrip to the Western Railroad Corporation, conditioned, -that the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall comply with the -provisions of this act, and shall faithfully expend the proceeds of said -scrip as herein provided, and shall indemnify and save harmless, the -Commonwealth, from all loss or inconvenience on account of said scrip, -and that said company shall well and truly pay the principal sum of said -scrip, punctually when the same shall become due and payable, or such -part thereof as the sinking fund aforesaid shall be insufficient to pay, -and the interest thereon semi-annually, as the same shall fall due, and -shall also assign to the Commonwealth, by suitable instrument or -instruments, of the same form with that or those prepared by the -attorney-general on the issuing of scrip to the Western Railroad -Corporation, the entire railroad, with its income, and all the franchise -and property to them belonging, the whole thereof to be held by the -Commonwealth as a pledge or mortgage to secure the performance of all -the conditions of said bond: _provided_, _however_, that the -Commonwealth shall not take possession of said pledged or mortgaged -property, or any part thereof, under or by virtue of said mortgage, -unless for some substantial breach of some condition of said bond. - -SECT. 6. In addition to the security provided in the preceding section, -the said company shall assign all the interest they now have, or may -hereafter obtained, in the Southern Vermont Railroad Company. - -SECT. 7. The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company are authorized, and at -any time prior to the execution of said mortgage, and within one year -from the passage of this act, to alter the present location of their -road: provided, that the tunnel shall be located and constructed within -the limits prescribed by the first section of this act. - -SECT. 8. The time for completing the Troy and Greenfield Railroad is -hereby extended, for the additional term of six years. - -SECT. 9. When the Commonwealth shall have advanced to said company, said -bond or scrip to the amount of five hundred thousand dollars, the -legislature may elect two directors of said company, who shall hold -office for the same time, be elected in the same manner, and receive -compensation to the same amount as the state directors of the Western -Railroad Corporation, but neither of them, while holding such office, -shall serve as a director of any other railroad company. [_Approved by -the Governor, April 5, 1854._ - - -[1855.--Chapter 394.] - -AN ACT to authorize certain towns in the Counties of Franklin and -Berkshire to subscribe to the Capital Stock of the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad Company. - -_Be it enacted, &c._ - -SECT. 1. That each of the several towns of Ashfield, Buckland, Conway, -Coleraine, Charlemont, Deerfield, Greenfield, Hawley, Heath, Monroe, -Rowe, and Shelburne, in the county of Franklin, and each of the several -towns of Adams, Florida and Williamstown, in the county of Berkshire, -be, and hereby is, authorized to subscribe for and hold shares in the -capital stock of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, to any amount -of money not exceeding three per centum on the amount of its last -valuation: provided, the inhabitants of such town or towns, at a legal -town meeting duly called for that purpose, shall vote by a two-thirds -vote to subscribe for such shares in accordance with the terms of this -act, to pay for the same out of the town treasury, and to hold the same -as town property, subject to the disposition of the town, for public -purposes, in like manner as any other property which it may possess. - -SECT. 2. Said towns are hereby authorized to raise, by loans or taxes, -any sums of money which shall be required to pay the instalments on -their respective subscription to said stock and interest thereon. - -SECT. 3. This act shall take effect from and after its passage. -[_Approved by the Governor, May 18, 1855._ - - -[1859.--Chapter 117.] - -An Act in addition to, an Act authorizing a loan of the State Credit, to -enable the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company to construct the Hoosac -Tunnel. - -_Be it enacted, &c., as follows:_ - -SECT 1. The terms of the act authorizing a loan of the state credit to -enable the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company to construct the Hoosac -Tunnel, are hereby modified as follows, viz.: - -Whenever it shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of the governor -and council, that the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall have -actually obtained unconditional subscriptions to their corporate stock -in the sum of six hundred thousand dollars, and twenty per cent. on each -and every share of said six hundred thousand dollars shall have been -actually paid in, and shall have completed seven miles of their road, in -one or two sections, and one thousand lineal feet of their said tunnel -under the Hoosac Mountain, in one or more sections, of size sufficient -for one or more railroad tracks, a portion of said scrip, to the amount -of one hundred thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the treasurer of -said company; and whenever said company shall have, excavated, in -addition to the amount of tunnel above provided for, one thousand lineal -feet, in one or more sections, of heading or gallery of fourteen feet -width at the bottom, and six feet in height in the middle, and of -suitable proportion and form, or (if excavated by machinery) circular, -and with a diameter of not less than eight feet, another portion of said -scrip, amounting to fifty thousand dollars, shall be delivered to the -treasurer of said company; and when said company shall have excavated -two thousand feet of their said tunnel, of the size above specified, -another portion of said scrip, amounting to thirty thousand dollars, -shall be delivered as aforesaid; and whenever said company in addition -to said two thousand feet, shall have excavated one thousand lineal feet -of heading, in one or more sections, and of the size above specified, -and shall have graded three miles of road, commencing on the bank of -Green River, at the present location of the crossing of said stream, or -north thereof, and extending towards Shelburne Falls, on the same side -of Green River and Deerfield River as the present location, said three -miles being all situated within four miles of the point of commencement, -another portion of said scrip, amounting to eighty thousand dollars, -shall be delivered as aforesaid; and whenever in addition to the grading -of said three miles as above, said company shall have excavated three -thousand lineal feet of tunnel as above specified, another portion of -said scrip, to the amount of twenty thousand dollars, shall be delivered -as aforesaid; and whenever said company, in addition to the three -thousand feet above specified, shall have excavated, in one or more -sections, one thousand lineal feet of heading, as above specified, and -shall have graded six miles of road in location and otherwise as -aforesaid, said six miles of road being all situate within seven miles -of the point of commencement at Green River, another portion of said -scrip, amounting to eighty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as -aforesaid; and when said company, in addition to the grading of six -miles of road above specified, shall have excavated four thousand feet -of tunnel as above, another portion of said scrip, amounting to twenty -thousand dollars, shall be delivered as aforesaid; and whenever said -company, in addition to the above, shall have excavated, in one or more -sections, one thousand lineal feet of heading as aforesaid, and shall -have graded nine miles of road, in location and otherwise as aforesaid, -between Greenfield and Shelburne Falls, another portion of said scrip, -to the amount of eighty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as -aforesaid; and whenever said company, in addition to the above nine -miles of graded road, shall have excavated five thousand feet of tunnel -as aforesaid, another portion of said scrip, amounting to twenty -thousand dollars, shall be delivered as aforesaid; and whenever said -company shall have excavated, in one or more sections, one thousand -lineal feet of heading as aforesaid, in addition to the five thousand -feet of tunnel above specified, and shall have graded the road between -Greenfield and Shelburne Falls, crossing the Green River upon the -present location, or at a point north thereof, another portion of said -scrip, amounting to eighty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as -aforesaid; and whenever said company, in addition to the grading of the -road between Greenfield and Shelburne Falls as aforesaid, shall have -excavated six thousand feet of tunnel as aforesaid, another portion of -said scrip, amounting to twenty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as -aforesaid; and whenever in addition to the grading and tunnel above -specified, the said company shall have excavated as aforesaid, one -thousand lineal feet of heading, another portion of said scrip, to the -amount of thirty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as aforesaid; and -whenever in addition to the grading above specified, the said company -shall have excavated seven thousand feet of tunnel as aforesaid, another -portion of said scrip, to the amount of twenty thousand dollars, shall -be delivered as aforesaid; and for each additional thousand feet of -heading that shall be excavated of dimensions as aforesaid, another -portion of said scrip, amounting to thirty thousand dollars, shall be -delivered as aforesaid; and for each additional one thousand feet of -tunnel that shall be excavated of dimensions as aforesaid, another -portion of said scrip, amounting to twenty thousand dollars, shall be -delivered as aforesaid; and whenever said company shall have completed -the graduation and superstructure of the road between Greenfield and -Shelburne Falls, on the route herein before specified, and shall have -put the same in running order, another portion of said scrip, to the -amount of forty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as aforesaid; and -whenever said company, in addition to the road between Greenfield and -Shelburne Falls above specified, shall have completed the graduation and -superstructure of two continuous miles of road, commencing at the -western termination of the above road, another portion of said scrip, -amounting to eighty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as aforesaid; -and for the graduation and superstructure of each additional mile of -road, graded and laid continuously through either of the towns of -Buckland, Charlemont, Rowe or Florida, another portion of said scrip, -amounting to twenty thousand dollars, shall be delivered as aforesaid: -_provided_, that when the rails shall have been laid and the road put in -running order, between Greenfield and the east end of the Hoosac Tunnel, -excepting that portion of the road which is to be made from the material -to be furnished by the tunnel itself, another portion of said scrip, -amounting to one hundred thousand dollars, shall be delivered as -aforesaid: and _provided_, _also_, that whenever the aggregate amount of -scrip that shall have been delivered to the treasurer of said company -shall have reached the sum of one million seven hundred thousand -dollars, no further delivery of scrip shall be made until the whole of -the tunnel through the Hoosac Mountain shall have been completed, of -size not less than fourteen feet in width and eighteen feet in height -from the bottom to the top of the excavation, and until the facades of -the said tunnel and such portions as may require arching shall be -finished with good substantial stone or brick masonry, and until the -rails shall have been laid over the whole length of the road, including -the tunnel, and the same constructed in such manner, and the necessary -connections with other roads 80 finished, as will permit the convenient -use of the same in the transportation of passengers and freight between -the cities of Boston and Troy; but when such connections shall have been -made, the tunnel fully completed and the road constructed as herein -before provided, the balance of said scrip, amounting to three hundred -thousand dollars, shall be delivered as aforesaid: and _provided_, -_also_, that until the rails shall have been laid and the road put in -running order between Greenfield and Shelburne Falls, the aggregate -payments under this act shall not exceed one million of dollars: and -_provided_, _also_, that prior to the second delivery of scrip to the -treasurer of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Corporation, according to -the provisions of this section, evidence shall be furnished, -satisfactory to the governor and council, that a sum equal to thirty per -cent. of the amount of the scrip then applied for, shall have been -actually paid to the treasurer of said corporation, (in cash,) by the -stockholders thereof, in addition to the one hundred and twenty thousand -dollars to be paid prior to the delivery of any scrip, and that on each -application for scrip, in pursuance of the provisions of this section, -and prior to the delivery thereof, satisfactory evidence shall be -furnished to the governor and council that a sum equal to thirty per -cent. of the amount of scrip then' applied for, has been actually paid -to the treasurer of said corporation, until the six hundred thousand -dollars subscribed for shall have been paid by the stockholders; and no -scrip shall be delivered until satisfactory evidence of such payment is, -from time to time, furnished to the governor and council; and provided, -also, no scrip shall be delivered to the treasurer of said corporation -until satisfactory evidence shall be furnished to the governor and -council, that said corporation have expended in a reasonable manner, in -excavating and completing said tunnel, and in grading, constructing and -completing the line of road, a sum at least equal to the amount of all -the preceding issues of scrip. - -SECT. 2. The preceding section of this act shall not be so constructed -as necessarily to delay the opening of the road between Greenfield and -Shelburne Falls, until after the completion of six thousand feet of -tunnel; but whenever any portion of not less than three miles of said -road shall have been graded between Greenfield and Shelburne Falls, as -herein before provided, a portion of scrip, amounting to fifty thousand -dollars, shall be delivered to the treasurer of the said company; and in -case such payments shall have been previously made upon the road, the -payments upon the completion of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth -thousand feet of tunnel shall be reduced to thirty thousand dollars for -each thousand feet of heading, and twenty thousand dollars for each -thousand feet of tunnel of the required dimensions; but no portion of -said scrip shall be delivered for any portion of said heading or tunnel, -until the corresponding portion of the road shall have been graded as is -herein before provided. - -SECT. 3. Whenever the treasurer of said company shall receive any of -said scrip, he shall offer the scrip, 80 received, to the treasurer of -the Commonwealth for sale; and if the treasurer of the Commonwealth -shall so require, being thereunto authorized by law, the treasurer of -said company shall sell and dispose of the same to the treasurer of the -Commonwealth, at the fair market value thereof, to be determined by the -governor and council. If the treasurer of the Commonwealth shall decide -to buy as aforesaid, then the treasurer of the company shall forthwith -pay, to the commissioners of the sinking fund, ten per cent. on the -amount of the scrip so taken, as a sinking fund. If the treasurer of the -Commonwealth shall decide not to buy, as aforesaid, then the treasurer -of the company, within three months after the receipt of any of said -scrip, shall pay to the commissioners of the sinking fund, ten per cent. -on the amount of the scrip so received, as a sinking fund. After the -whole of said road is open for use, twenty-five thousand dollars -annually, shall be set apart from the income of said road, and paid to -said commissioners; and the whole thereof shall be added to said sinking -fund, and shall be managed; invested and appropriated, as is or shall be -provided by law in relation thereto. - -SECT. 4. The preceding sections shall be in lieu of and be substituted -for sections two and three of chapter two hundred and twenty-six of the -acts of the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, and the -second section of said act is hereby repealed. - -SECT. 5. The time for completing the Troy and Greenfield Railroad and -Hoosac Tunnel, is hereby extended until December thirty-first, in the -year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-five. - -SECT. 6. Subscriptions, the instalments upon which are payable in cash, -or in the scrip of the towns authorized to subscribe to the stock of the -Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, under the provisions of chapter -three hundred and ninety-four of the acts of the year one thousand eight -hundred and fifty-five, shall be considered as unconditional -subscriptions, in compliance with the requirements of this act; and -payment in the bonds of said towns shall be considered as cash. - -SECT. 7. This act shall take effect, whenever said company shall file, -in the office of the secretary of state, a certified copy of any vote or -votes accepting the same, which may be passed at any regular meeting of -the stockholders of said company, or at any meeting specially called for -that purpose. - -_Approved March 26, 1859._ - - -[1860.--Chapter 202.] - -AN ACT in addition to an Act authorizing a loan of the State Credit to -enable the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company to construct the Hoosac -Tunnel. - -_Be it enacted, &c., as follows:_ - -SECT. 1. The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall forthwith make -and file in the proper offices a location of their entire road and -tunnel, which location shall be made on that side or sides of the -Deerfield River which will afford the most direct and eligible route -between the village of Shelburne Falls and a suitable terminus in the -town of Deerfield or Greenfield, to be determined by the state engineer -appointed as hereinafter provided. - -The grades of any part of the road hereafter to be constructed shall not -exceed forty feet to the mile ascending eastward, and fifty feet to the -mile ascending westward; and the limits of grade and curvature of said -road, included within said location; and not graded, shall be such that -the maximum resistance to the passage of trains, in either direction, -shall not exceed the maximum resistance in the same direction on the -Fitchburg and Vermont and Massachusetts Railroads; and before any -location made by the chief engineer of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad -Company shall be filed, a copy of the alignment and a table of grades, -verified by the oath of said engineer, shall be submitted to a state -engineer appointed as hereinafter provided, who shall certify that the -limits of grade and curvature herein before prescribed have not been -exceeded, and the said table of grades so certified shall be filed with -the location. - -SECT. 2. No further deliveries of scrip shall be made to said company -upon the conditions authorized in former acts, but the undelivered -portions of the loan of two millions of dollars authorized by chapter -two hundred and twenty-six of the acts of eighteen hundred and -fifty-four, amounting to one million seven hundred and seventy thousand -dollars, shall be divided and apportioned between the railroad and -tunnel, and for the construction of each, respectively; six hundred and -fifty thousand dollars for the completion of the unfinished portion of -railroad extending from the eastern terminus of said road near -Greenfield to within half a mile of the eastern-end of Hoosac Tunnel, -and one million one hundred and twenty thousand dollars for the -completion of the tunnel, which shall be delivered upon the conditions -and in the manner hereinafter declared, subject however to the -provisions of the third section of chapter one hundred and seventeen of -the acts of eighteen hundred and fifty-nine. - -No delivery of any portion of said scrip shall be made until said -company shall, at a special meeting duly authorized for the purpose, -have assented to the provisions of this act, nor until said company -shall have duly made and located their line of road as aforesaid, and -shall have executed to the Commonwealth such further bond and mortgage, -or other assurances of title on their franchise, railroad, or other -property, as the attorney-general shall prescribe, for the further -security of the Commonwealth; and said bond and mortgage, and other -assurances, and all bonds, mortgages, or other assurances heretofore -made to the Commonwealth by said company, shall have priority to and be -preferred before any and all attachments or levies on execution -heretofore or hereafter made. - -SECT. 3. The governor and council shall annually appoint a state -engineer for the purpose of examining and determining monthly the amount -and value of the work done, and materials delivered on the railroad and -tunnel of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, who shall receive an -annual salary of one thousand dollars, payable quarterly. The state -engineer shall forthwith fix permanent marks in each end of the Hoosac -Tunnel, marking the progress of the work up to February twenty-fourth, -eighteen hundred and sixty, from which to determine the progress -subsequently made. He shall also determine by suitable notes, marks, or -observations, the amount and value of all grading, bridging, masonry, or -other work done, or iron, or other materials delivered on the road east -of the Hoosac Tunnel prior to December twenty-second, eighteen hundred -and fifty-nine, and fix data from which to determine the value of any -work, or materials delivered subsequent to the date last named. He shall -monthly, immediately after the first day of each month, estimate the -proportion which the work done upon the road, since the preceding -estimate, bears to the whole of the work required to be done in the -graduation, masonry, bridging, and superstructure of said railroad east -of the Hoosac Tunnel, and also the work done in the excavation of said -tunnel, which he shall certify separately to the governor, together with -the amount of state scrip to which the company is entitled under the -provisions of this act. Such monthly estimates shall be based upon a -width of road-bed at grade of fifteen feet, on embankments, seventeen -and a half feet in side-cuts, and twenty feet in thorough-cuts; in the -heading of the tunnel, upon dimensions fourteen feet wide and six feet -high in the middle, and in the finished excavation of the tunnel of -fourteen feet wide and eighteen feet high in the middle. - -The deliveries of scrip shall be at the rate of fifty dollars for each -lineal foot of tunnel, divided between heading and full sized tunnel, in -the proportion' of thirty dollars for each lineal foot of heading and -twenty dollars per lineal foot for the remaining excavation; and of six -hundred and fifty thousand dollars for the whole of the graduation, -masonry, bridging and superstructure of the unfinished portion of the -road east of the tunnel. - -The scrip shall be delivered on the road in the proportion which the -value of the work done and the materials delivered each month bears to -the estimated cost of the whole work and materials required on the -portion of road aforesaid. - -No expenditures shall be required merely for the purposes of ornament, -but the work shall be substantially performed, and the rails shall weigh -not less than fifty-six pounds to the lineal yard; for any defective -materials or work, a proportionate amount of scrip shall be withheld. - -The governor and council shall have a general supervision of the work, -and for that purpose shall visit and inspect the same at least once in -each year, and as much oftener as they may deem expedient; and they -shall have power to correct abuses, remedy defects, and enforce -requirements, by withholding scrip or imposing new requirements in such -manner as the interest of the Commonwealth shall in their judgment -require. - -If the governor, upon the receipt of the monthly estimates and -certificates of the state engineer, shall approve thereof, he shall -transmit the same and his approval thereon to the state treasurer, and -the state treasurer shall thereupon deliver the amount of scrip so -certified for, to the treasurer of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad -Company, or to his order, subject to the provisions hereafter mentioned. -If he shall not approve thereof he shall submit the same to the council, -and their approval transmitted to the state treasurer as aforesaid shall -authorize such delivery. - -SECT. 4. The company shall at least thirty days before any interest on -any state scrip delivered to said company becomes payable, transmit the -amount thereof, with costs of exchange, to the treasurer of the state, -and he shall in all cases and at the charge of said company, pay at -maturity all interest and costs of exchange which become payable on said -scrip where the same is payable; and if said interest and exchange and -all interest and costs thereon, or any payments required to be made into -the sinking fund, or interest thereon, or any part thereof, remain -unpaid when said company becomes entitled to the next delivery of state -scrip, then the state treasurer shall deduct the amount so remaining -unpaid, with all costs and interest thereon, from the amount of scrip -then deliverable. - -SECT. 5. The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company may construct their -railroad across the public highways at grade, in cases where the county -commissioners of the county do not determine such manner of crossing to -be detrimental to the public safety and convenience; but whenever they -do so determine, said company shall construct the same in such manner as -the county commissioners direct. - -SECT. 6. The legislature shall immediately after the passage of this -act, elect two directors of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, to -hold their office for one year, or until others are elected by the -legislature; and any city, town or corporation that may subscribe not -less than one hundred thousand dollars, shall have the right to elect -annually one director; and any city that may subscribe not less than -five hundred thousand dollars, shall have the right to elect annually by -their council two directors in said company, which election may be held -at any time after such subscription is made. - -SECT. 7. The capital stock of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company -shall consist of twenty-five thousand shares of the par value of one -hundred dollars each, in which shall be included all shares heretofore -issued or subscribed for, conditionally or unconditionally, or payable -in work, an accurate account of which shall be made by the company, and -recorded in the records of the directors. And the residue of said -shares, and all shares which may revert to said company, shall be -hereafter issued only at par value, and for cash, or town or city scrip, -or for the bonds of the company. - -SECT. 8. The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company is hereby authorized -and required to purchase the entire road, franchise, stock, bonds, and -other property of the Southern Vermont Railroad Company, together with -the income, benefits and reversion of its lease to the Troy and Boston -Railroad Company, and subject to its provisions, for the sum of two -hundred thousand dollars; and for the purpose of enabling them to make -such purchase, and transfer the same to the Commonwealth as additional -security to the Commonwealth for its whole loan, a further issue and -loan of state Scrip in federal currency; of the description specified in -chapter two hundred and twenty-six, of the acts of the year eighteen -hundred and fifty-four, is hereby authorized to be made, to the amount -of two hundred thousand dollars, deliverable as follows, namely: - -Whenever all the capital stock of the Southern Vermont Railroad, -excepting not exceeding twenty shares, of one hundred dollars each, and -one hundred thousand dollars of its mortgage bonds, with coupons -attached, the whole amount being one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, -payable in twenty years from the date of issue, with six per cent. -interest, payable semi-annually at the Bank of Commerce, in the city of -New York, and the aforesaid lease of said company to the Troy and Boston -Railroad Company, together with the rent reserved therein of twelve -thousand dollars per annum, payable semi-annually, shall have been -transferred to the treasurer of the Commonwealth, for the future -security of the Commonwealth for its whole loan of credit to the Troy -and Greenfield Railroad Company, in such manner as the attorney-general -shall prescribe, and to the satisfaction of the governor and council, -the state treasurer shall deliver one hundred and twenty-five thousand -dollars of said scrip to the treasurer of the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad Company; and when the remaining portion of said bonds, with the -coupons attached, shall be in like manner delivered to the state -treasurer, he shall deliver to the treasurer of the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad Company the balance of said scrip, amounting to seventy-five -thousand dollars: _provided_, that if any holders of said bonds, not -exceeding ten thousand dollars in all, shall refuse to surrender the -same at par, the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall not be -required to purchase the same, but the state treasurer shall withhold an -equal amount of state scrip at par in lieu thereof. - -The semi-annual payments of the coupons, with the balance of the income -from the lease of the Southern Vermont Railroad, shall be collected by -or paid to the state treasurer, who shall therefrom pay the interest on -the two hundred thousand dollars of five per cent. scrip herein -authorized to be issued, and shall pay the balance to the commissioners -of the sinking fund of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad loan, to be by -them from time to time invested as is now by law required. - -The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company shall, as soon as may be after -the passage of this act, procure from the legislature of the slate of -Vermont the requisite authority for purchasing, holding and mortgaging -to the Commonwealth the franchise, railroad and property of the Southern -Vermont Railroad Company, according to the provisions of this act; and -in case such authority shall not be granted, and any want of security by -reason thereof accrue to the Commonwealth, the governor and council -shall withhold from the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company portions of -scrip constituting the last deliveries to be made on the completion of -the tunnel, to such amount, not exceeding two hundred thousand dollars, -as may be required for further security. - -SECT. 9. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith, are hereby -repealed: _provided_, _however_, that such repeal shall not, and nothing -contained in this act shall, have effect or be construed in anyway to -release or impair any security which the Commonwealth now has or may -hereafter have by force of the bond and mortgage now held by the -Commonwealth on the franchise, railroad and property of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company. - -_Approved April 4, 1860._ - - -[1862.--Chapter 156.] - -AN ACT providing for the more speedy completion of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel. - -_Be it enacted, &c., as follows:_ - -SECT. 1. The governor, with the advice of the council, is hereby -authorized and directed to appoint three able, impartial and skilful -commissioners to investigate the subject of finishing the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad, and of tunneling the Hoosac Mountain, whose duty it -shall be to report to the governor and council what, in their judgment, -will be the most economical, practical and advantageous method of -completing said road and tunnel, the estimated cost of fitting the same -for use, the time within which the tunnel can be completed, and what -contracts can be effected, and with what parties, for completing said -tunnel and road, and the probable cost of the same, the probable -pecuniary value of the road and tunnel when completed, the sources and -amount of traffic and income, and all other facts in their opinion -useful to assist the governor and council in determining the best method -of securing a continuous railroad communication between Troy and -Greenfield. - -SECT. 2. The Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company is hereby authorized -to surrender to the slate, the property now mortgaged; but the right of -redemption shall not be barred until ten years have elapsed after said -road and tunnel are completed and the same open for use. The said -commissioners shall immediately, in the name of the Commonwealth, take -complete possession under the mortgages to the Commonwealth, given by -the Troy and Greenfield Railroad Company, of all property, rights and -interests intended to be conveyed by said mortgages, or either of them, -and then shall, without unnecessary delay, cause the said railroad to be -completed and put into running order, and supplied with suitable depots, -turn-tables and other usual and necessary appliances for the reception -of freight and passenger cars, from the eastern terminus of the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad to the Hoosac Tunnel. - -SECT. 3. Said commissioners shall audit and allow all just claims for -labor, service, materials, land-damages incurred after April sixth, -eighteen hundred and sixty, and before July twelfth, eighteen hundred -and sixty-one, in carrying on the work of constructing the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel, and may procure the release of -all attachments and discharge all liens on said materials. The accounts -thus audited shall be transmitted to the governor, and, if approved by -the governor and council, the governor is hereby directed to draw his -warrant upon the treasurer in favor of the claimants, for the amounts -thus allowed, to an amount not exceeding one hundred and seventy-five -thousand dollars. - -SECT. 4. Said commissioners are hereby authorized, with consent of the -governor and council, to use or run that portion of said road east of -the Hoosac Mountain, or lease the same to the "Vermont and -Massachusetts," the "Fitchburg," the "Troy and Boston Railroad Company," -or either of them, until the completion of the said tunnel. - -SECT. 5. Said commissioners shall have authority, with the approval of -the governor and council, to continue the work on the Hoosac Tunnel, and -by contract or otherwise, to expedite the completion of said tunnel. - -SECT. 6. All the net earnings and income derived from said railroad, -including the tunnel, shall be held by the Commonwealth in trust: first, -for the payment and reimbursement of the interest on all loans, -advancements and disbursements of the Commonwealth, on account of said -railroad or tunnel: second, for the payment and reimbursement to all -parties having a legal right thereto. - -SECT. 7. The governor is hereby authorized to draw his warrant on the -treasurer of the Commonwealth, for such sums as may be required from -time to time by the commissioners for the purpose of carrying out the -provisions of this act, and the amount of the same is hereby -appropriated therefore; and the treasurer of the Commonwealth is hereby -authorized to issue scrip, or certificates of debts, in the name and in -behalf of the Commonwealth, to an extent sufficient to secure the -required funds, which scrip shall bear such rate of interest, as is -allowed at the time on state scrip issued for other purposes, and shall -be redeemable at the end of thirty years from the date thereof; and he -shall sell or otherwise use the same at his discretion, to procure the -sum necessary to meet the payments in this act provided: provided, that -all expenditures and advances made under and by virtue of this act, -shall be on account, and form part of the two millions of dollars, -authorized to be loaned in state scrip to the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad Company by chapter two hundred and twenty-six of the acts of -eighteen hundred and fifty-four; and said expenditures and advances, -together with all sums hitherto advanced to said company, excepting the -sums advanced on account of the "Southern Vermont Railroad," shall not -exceed in amount the said two millions of dollars. Such changes may be -made in the location and grades of the road, as may be necessary to -improve the same; and no lease shall be made of the portion of the road -east of the tunnel for a term exceeding six years; nor shall such -portion be constructed without the approval of the governor and council. - -SECT. 8. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent herewith, are hereby -repealed. - -SECT. 9. This act shall take effect upon its passage. - -_Approved April 28, 1862._ - - -[1863.--Chapter 214.] - -AN ACT in addition to "an Act providing for the more speedy completion -of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel." - -_Be it enacted, &c., as follows:_ - -SECT. 1. The commissioners appointed under the one hundred and -fifty-sixth chapter of the acts of eighteen hundred and sixty-two, are -hereby authorized, subject to the advice and approval of the governor -and council, to construct, complete and equip the Troy and Greenfield -Railroad and Hoosac Tunnel; and to make such alterations in the line of -said road as may be deemed necessary to render it suitable and proper -for part of a thorough line from Troy to Boston; also such alterations -in the location and dimensions of said tunnel as will render it suitable -and proper for use, in accordance with the spirit and intent of the two -hundred and twenty-sixth chapter of the acts of eighteen hundred and -fifty-four. - -SECT. 2. The governor is hereby authorized to draw his warrant on the -treasurer of the Commonwealth for such sums as may be required from time -to time by said commissioners for the purpose of carrying out the -provisions of this act, and the act or acts to which this is in -addition; and there is accordingly hereby appropriated for the purpose -of constructing and completing said tunnel and railroad and equipping -the the same, and paying interest upon such scrip, as has been or may -be issued during the progress of the work, the unexpended balance of -the two millions of dollars authorized by chapter two hundred and -twenty-six of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and fifty-four, and -referred to in chapter one hundred and fifty-six of the acts of the year -eighteen hundred and sixty-two. And the treasurer of the Commonwealth is -hereby authorized, upon the warrant of the governor drawn as aforesaid, -to issue scrip or certificates of debt to the amount of said -appropriation, which shall be expressed in such currency and shall bear -such rate of interest as the governor and council may direct, and shall -be redeemable at the end of thirty years from the date thereof: and said -treasurer shall sell or otherwise dispose of the same as he may deem -proper, subject to the approval of the governor and council. - -SECT. 3. Said commissioners', and their successors in office, shall be -removable by the governor, with the advice of the council, and in case -of any vacancy occasioned by death; resignation or removal, such vacancy -shall be filled by appointment of the governor, with the advice of the -council; and said commissioners shall, once in three months, and oftener -if required, present to the governor and council an account of all -contracts entered into by them as such commissioners, and of all -payments and charges by them made, by virtue of their commission, with -their vouchers therefore, which vouchers and accounts shall be examined, -and if found correct, and in good faith, shall be allowed by the -governor and council; but no lease of any part of said railroad, nor any -contract amounting to more than ten thousand dollars shall be made by -said commissioners without the of the governor and council. - -SECT. 4. Said commissioners in altering the location of the line of said -road shall have the same power as railroad corporations have in making -locations under existing laws, and may take, by purchase or otherwise, -such lands, or easements therein, as may be needed for any purposes -connected with the construction of said tunnel, and all titles or -easements so taken shall vest in the Commonwealth; and all parties -aggrieved by any action of said commissioners, under this section, may -have their damages assessed in the manner provided by law for the -assessment of damages against railroad corporations; and all damages so -assessed shall be paid from the treasury of the Commonwealth to the -party entitled thereto, upon the warrant of the governor, drawn pursuant -to the provisions of this act. - -SECT. 5. Said commissioners, subject to the approval of the governor and -council, shall have the power to use a part of the money appropriated by -this act, not exceeding fifty thousand dollars, to extinguish any liens -or claims, or rights of redemption which any person or corporation may -have, in order to perfect the title of the Commonwealth to said railroad -and tunnel. - -SECT. 6. The contract executed by the Troy and Boston Railroad Company, -on the eighteenth day of February, eighteen hundred and sixty-three, by -the Vermont and Massachusetts Railroad Company on the twentieth day of -said February, and by the Fitchburg Railroad Company on the twenty-third -day of said month, printed on pages eighty-eight to ninety-four, -inclusive, of the report of said commissioners made on the twenty-eighth -day of February, aforesaid, and referred to in the message of the -governor, dated the twelfth day of March, in the year eighteen hundred -and sixty-three, is hereby approved, ratified and confirmed. - -SECT. 7. The compensation or said commissioners shall be fixed by the -governor, with the advice of the council; but the compensation of the -chairman of said commissioners shall in no event exceed the sum of five -thousand dollars per annum, nor shall the entire compensation of all of -said commissioners exceed the sum of seven thousand dollars per annum. - -_Approved April 29, 1868._ - - - - - -[C.] - - - _Statement of J. W. Brooks, Esq., Chairman of the Commissioners, - made to the Committee during the session of the Legislature, - 1866._ - -The first Act for loaning the credit of the State to the Troy and -Greenfield Railroad Company, dated April 5, 1854, provides, besides -other conditions, that when seven miles of the road in one or two -sections is completed, and 1,000 feet of the tunnel, in one or more -sections, sufficient for one or more tracks is completed, then $100,000 -of scrip shall be delivered to the company. - -The size of the tunnel required by this Act is not definitely stated, -nor what proportion of the $100,000 of scrip is loaned on account of the -tunnel. - -The Act of April 4, 1860, defines the size the tunnel to be 14 feet wide -and 18 feet high. If this means excavation and not completed tunnel, -then the room required for the ballast and drainage would reduce the -height to about 16 feet above the rails; a size absurdly small enough to -be regarded as certainly not above the minimum intended by the Act. The -same Act provides that $30 per foot shall be allowed on account of -heading, and $20 on account of the enlargement, making $50 per foot for -the completed tunnel; $50,000 of the first advance may therefore be -considered as on account of the first 1,000 feet of completed tunnel, -and the remainder, say $50,000, on account of the road which had been -then completed west of the tunnel. - -The second delivery of scrip was on account of the tunnel, and under the -provisions of the' Act of 1859, which provides that $50,000 may be -advanced upon the completion of 1,000 feet of heading. The heading was -done and $49,777.78 delivered October 4, 1859. - -The third delivery of scrip was under the provisions of the same Act, -and was on account of grading three miles of road, in detached pieces, -near Greenfield. For this, $50,222.22 was delivered January 3, 1860. - -The fourth delivery was under the same Act, and for completing the -second 1,000 feet of tunnel, for which $30,222.22, was delivered March -1, 1860. - -An Act changing the terms of the loan was passed April 4, 1860. Section -2 divides the scrip remaining undelivered, as follows: "No further -deliveries of scrip shall be made to said company upon the conditions -authorized in former Acts, but the undelivered portions of the loan of -two millions of dollars authorized by chapter two hundred and twenty-six -of the Acts of eighteen hundred and fifty-four, amounting to one -million seven hundred and seventy thousand dollars, shall be divided and -apportioned between the railroad and tunnel, and for the construction of -each, respectively: 'six hundred and fifty thousand dollars for the -completion of the unfinished portion of railroad extending from the -eastern terminus of said road near Greenfield, to within half a mile of -the eastern end of Hoosac Tunnel." - -Section 3 contains the following provisions: "The governor and council -shall annually appoint a state engineer for the purpose of examining and -determining monthly the amount and value of the work done, and materials -delivered on the railroad and tunnel of the Troy and Greenfield Railroad -Company, who shall receive an annual salary of one thousand dollars, -payable quarterly. The state engineer shall forthwith fix permanent -marks in each end of the Hoosac Tunnel, marking the progress of the work -up to February twenty-fourth, eighteen hundred and sixty, from which to -determine the progress subsequently made. He shall also determine by -suitable notes, marks or observations, the amount and value of all -grading, bridging, masonry, or other work done, or iron, or other -materials delivered on the road east of the Hoosac Tunnel, prior to -December twenty-second, eighteen hundred and fifty-nine, and fix data -from which to determine the value of any work, or materials delivered -subsequent to the date last named. He shall monthly, immediately after -the first day of each month, estimate the proportion which' the work -done upon the road, since the preceding estimate, bears to the whole of -the work required to be done in the graduation, masonry, bridging, and -superstructure of said railroad east of the Hoosac Tunnel; and also the -work done in the excavation of said tunnel, which he shall certify -separately to the governor, together with the amount of state scrip to -which the company is entitled under the provisions of this Act. Such -monthly estimates shall be based upon a width of road-bed at grade of -fifteen feet, on embankments, seventeen and a half feet in side cuts, -and twenty feet in through cuts; in the heading of the tunnel upon -dimensions fourteen feet wide and six feet high in the middle, and in -the finished excavation of the tunnel of fourteen feet wide and eighteen -feet high in the middle. - -"The deliveries of scrip shall be at the rate of fifty dollars for each -lineal foot of tunnel, divided between heading and full-sized tunnel, in -the proportion of thirty dollars for each lineal foot of heading and -twenty dollars per lineal foot for the remaining excavation; and of six -hundred and fifty thousand dollars for the whole of the graduation, -masonry, bridging, and superstructure of the unfinished portion of the -road east of the tunnel. - -"The Scrip shall be delivered on the road in the proportion which the -value of the work done and the materials delivered each month bears to -the estimated cost of the whole work and materials required on the -portion of road aforesaid. - -"No expenditures shall be required merely for the purposes of ornament, -but the work shall be substantially performed, and the rails shall weigh -not less than fifty-six pounds to the lineal yard; for any defective -materials or work, a proportionate amount of scrip shall be withheld. - -"The governor and council shall have a general supervision of the work, -and for that purpose shall visit and inspect the same at least once in -each year, and as much oftener as they may deem expedient; and they -shall have power to correct abuses, remedy defects, and enforce -requirements, by withholding scrip or imposing new requirements in such -manner as the interest of the Commonwealth shall in their judgment -require." - -Under the provisions of this Act scrip to the amount of $455,034.70 has -been delivered on account of the railroad and $40,131.95 on account of -the tunnel. - -State scrip was delivered in sterling up to and including the delivery -of March 7, 1861, and afterwards in dollar bonds. In this statement the -sterling is changed into dollars, to show it all in one currency, and -the pound sterling is reckoned, as by the State treasurer when the -deliveries were made, at $4.44-44/100. - -The certificates for amounts due on account of the railroad or tunnel -were for irregular sums, and the scrip delivered was in round amounts; -the fractional difference sometimes in excess and sometimes below the -amount of the certificates is divided between the tunnel and railroad in -proportion to the amount due on account of each. - -Stated and divided as above, the scrip which has been delivered on -account of the railroad and tunnel, is as follows:-- - - ========================================================================= - | | On account | On account of| - Date. | On account | of road west| road of east | Total. - | of Tunnel. | of Tunnel.| of Tunnel. | - ------------------+------------+-------------+--------------+------------ - 1858, October, 6, | $50,000 00 | $50,000 00 | - | $100,000 00 - 1859, October 4, | 49,777 78 | - | - | 49,777 78 - 1860, January 3, | - | - | $50,222 22 | 50,222 22 - 1860, March 1, | 80,222 22 | - | - | 80,222 22 - 1860, October 8, | 15,829 79 | - | 64,170 21 | 80,000 00 - 1860, Dec. 12, | 5,580 37 | - | 112,197 40 | 117,777 77 - 1861, January 5, | 2,781 99 | - | 30,601 34 | 38,883 83 - 1861, February 18,| 2,545 83 | - | 23,281 95 | 25,777 78 - 1861, March 7, | 2,052 82 | - | 19,724 95 | 21,777 77 - 1861, May 8, | 5,061 65 | - | 80,438 35 | 85,500 00 - 1861, June 27, | 2,831 89 | - | 84,668 11 | 37,500 00 - 1861, July 12, | 3,497 61 | - | 90,002 39 | 93,500 00 - +------------+-------------+--------------+------------ - |$170,131 95 | $50,000 00 | $505,256 92 | $125,388 87 - ========================================================================= - -The amount of State scrip which according to statutes, had been earned -by the progress made towards constructing the tunnel before the -surrender of the property to the State, may be stated as follows:-- - -Strictly considered, no portion of the tunnel at the East End was cut to -the required size of 14 feet wide and 18 feet high, much of it was less -than 12 feet wide, and some of it only about 13 feet high. At the -entrance the excavation was so nearly sufficient that only a small -amount more was required to bring it to full size, and had all the rest -been well done, a not very exacting inspector might have passed 25 feet -of this as completed. The remaining 2,964 feet of penetration at this -end could form no ground whatever for a claim as completed work. - -At the West Shaft the heading had been driven in both directions 56-1/2 -feet. - -At the West End the total penetration had been 543 feet. Of this -distance 26 feet had been arched with stone--40 feet is in rock, -standing without support, and 477 feet is temporarily supported with -timbers. Under the assumption that the 40 feet left unsupported is safe -enough to be left permanently 80, then 66 feet was completed at this -end, giving at all points a total penetration of 3,588-1/2 feet, of -which, 91 feet was completed. - -It is clear that the payment of $50,000, under the Act of April 5, 1854, -for 1,000 feet of completed tunnel, was not earned. - -Under the Act of 1859, scrip to the amount of $50,000 was to be -delivered upon the completion of 1,000 feet of heading, and though the -prior conditions of this Act had not been complied with, this amount may -fairly be considered as having been earned. - -The next payment of $30,222.22 for the completion of the second 1,000 -feet of tunnel was clearly not earned. - -All subsequent payments were made under the Act of April 4, 1860, -providing for the payment of $30 per foot for heading and $20 per foot -for the enlargement. - -The total amount according to the several Acts is as follows:-- - - Under the Act of 1859,-- - For 1,000 feet of heading, $50,000 00 - Under Act of 1860,-- - For balance of heading, say 2,588-1/2 feet, at $30 per foot, 77,655 00 - For 91 feet of enlargement, at $20 per foot, 1,820 00 - ----------- - Total amount earned, $129,475 00 - -The amount of State scrip which under the statute had been earned by the -progress made in constructing the railroad may now be considered. - -The first payment of $50,000 under the Act of 1854, should have been for -seven miles of completed railroad. The certificate of the engineer, upon -which it was paid, gave (see page 82 of House document No. 185 for -1860,) the length of rails laid as upwards of seven miles; nothing in -the certificate showed then any part of it was completed road, and upon -investigation then made it proved that while most of it was done, a part -near the west end of the tunnel "was not ten feet wide," and would cost -several thousand dollars to complete it. It is clear that this payment -had not then been earned in the manner provided by the statute. - -The second payment was on account of the road, under the Act of 1859, -for grading three miles of road, "said three miles being all situated -within four miles of the point of commencement;" Page 30 of House -document No. 185 for 1860 says of this grading, "the continuous line is -interrupted by fourteen gaps of cuts and fills;" it is thus made up of -fifteen separate pieces, avoiding all but the cheapest part of the work, -and costing, as the contractor who did the work certifies, between -$8,000 and $9,000. Under, to say the least, a somewhat liberal -construction of the Act, $50,000 was said to have been earned by doing -this grading. - - All further deliveries of scrip have been under the Act of 1860, - which provides that the $650,000 to be delivered on account of the - road east of the tunnel shall be in proportion to the progress made - upon the work. On page 15, (Senate document No. 93 for 1863,) the - cost of the work done and materials furnished upon the road east of - the tunnel is stated at $463,047 90 - - Deduct amount first expended, as testified by the contractor, - for which the $50,000 was paid, say 8,500 00 - - Amount expended under the $650,000 appropriation, - including the cost of worthless bridging and masonry, $454,547 90 - - The cost of completing the grading, bridging, masonry and - superstructure upon this part of the road, as estimated by - Mr. Laurie in 1862, was $370,970 80 - - Deduct the cost of a small change in the line, and of - embankment washed away by the Deerfield River, 5,275 00 - - Sum required to complete the road upon the old line - where the work stopped, $365,695 80 - - Amount already expended under the $650,000 appropriation, 454,547 90 - - Amount expended and to be expended at the then prices, $820,243 70 - - Of which 55 per cent. had been done when the work - stopped, in July, 1861. 55-416/1000 per cent. therefore of - the $650,000 had been earned, and this amounts to $360,204 00 - - The total amounts earned and paid compare as follows: - Amount paid upon the tunnel, $170,131 95 - Amount paid upon the road west of the - tunnel, 50,000 00 - Amount paid upon the road east of the tunnel, 505,256 92 - ---------- $725,388 87 - - Amount earned upon the tunnel, $129,475 00 - Amount earned upon the road west of tunnel, - (not fully earned,) 50,000 00 - Amount earned upon the road east of tunnel, - (temporary work included,) 410,204 00 - ---------- 589,679 00 - ----------- - $135,709 87 - Overpayment in reckoning sterling exchange, say 44,000 00 - Overpayment when the work stopped, in July, 1861, $179,709 87 - ----------- - Further payments made upon the same work under the - law of 1862, 140,226 95 - ----------- - Total amount paid more than earned, $319,936 82 - -If proper deductions had been made from the amount earned on account of -the unfinished condition of the seven miles west of the tunnel, on which -the first $50,000 was paid, and on account of the worthless masonry and -bridging which have been reckoned in at full cost, the overpayments -would be shown more correctly to exceed in amount the sum of -$350,000. - - - - * * * * * - - - - -Transcriber's Notes: - -All obvious typographical errors were corrected. Tables containing -decimal fractions were standardized to show decimals for all values in -the column. Spelling was standardized to the most prevalent form. -Punctuation was left as printed. - -On page 42 the curve value 3-1/2 deg. was changed to 3 deg. 30' to match the -other similar values. The sum of the shares in the table in Appendix A -on pages 50-51 should total 4,610 shares but was printed as 0,000. This -was assumed to be a typographical error. - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Report of the Hoosac Tunnel and Troy -and Greenfield Railroad, by the Joint Standing Committee of 1866., by Tappan Wentworth - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE HOOSAC TUNNEL *** - -***** This file should be named 40427.txt or 40427.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/4/2/40427/ - -Produced by Tom Cosmas - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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