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diff --git a/40323-0.txt b/40323-0.txt index 249d2b1..bd90d18 100644 --- a/40323-0.txt +++ b/40323-0.txt @@ -1,46 +1,4 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April -1886, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April 1886 - A Monthly Periodical Devoted to the Literature, History, - Antiquities, Folk Lore, Traditions, and the Social and - Material Interests of the Celt at Home and Abroad - -Author: Various - -Editor: Alexander Mackenzie - Alexander Macgregor - Alexander Macbain - -Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40323] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** - - - - -Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - - - - - - - +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40323 *** THE CELTIC MAGAZINE. @@ -1841,361 +1799,4 @@ unchanged. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April 1886 - A Monthly Periodical Devoted to the Literature, History, - Antiquities, Folk Lore, Traditions, and the Social and - Material Interests of the Celt at Home and Abroad - -Author: Various - -Editor: Alexander Mackenzie - Alexander Macgregor - Alexander Macbain - -Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40323] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** - - - - -Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - - - - - - - - -THE CELTIC MAGAZINE. - -No. VI. APRIL 1876. - - - - -THE MASSACRE OF GLENCOE. - -[CONTINUED.] - - -Stair meanwhile had made up his mind, and through his influence the -certificate of MacIan having signed his allegiance was suppressed, and -on the 11th of January, and afterwards on the 16th, instructions signed -and countersigned by the King came forth in which the inhabitants of -Glencoe were expressly exempted from the pardon given to the other -clans, and extreme measures ordered against them. A letter was sent by -Lord Stair to Colonel Hill commanding him to execute the purposes of the -Government, but he showed such reluctance that the commission was given -to one Colonel Hamilton instead, who had no scruples. He was ordered to -take a detachment of 120 men, chiefly belonging to a clan regiment -levied by Argyle, and consequently animated by bitter feudal animosity -towards the Macdonalds. - -Towards the close of January a company of armed Highlanders appear -wending their way toward the opening of the Valley of Glencoe. The -Macdonalds, fearing they have come for their arms, send them away to a -place of concealment, and then came forth to meet the strangers. They -find it is a party of Argyle's soldiers, commanded by Captain Campbell -of Glenlyon, whose niece (a sister by the way of Rob Roy) is married to -Alastair Macdonald, one of MacIan's sons. They ask if they have come as -friends or foes. They reply, as friends, but as the garrison at -Fort-William is crowded they had been sent to quarter themselves for a -few days at Glencoe. They are received with open arms, feuds are -forgotten, and for a fortnight all is harmony and even hilarity in the -hamlet. - - Loud in all the clustering cottages - Rose sounds of melody and voice of mirth; - The measured madness of the dance is there, - And the wild rapture of the feast of shells. - Warm hands are clasped to hands that firm reply, - And friendship glows and brightens into love. - -Thus for a fortnight matters go on, when on the 1st of February orders -are issued by Hamilton to his subordinate, Major Duncanson, fixing five -o'clock next morning for the slaughter of all the Macdonalds under -seventy, and enjoining the various detachments of men to be at their -posts by that hour to secure the passes of the glen that not one of the -doomed race might escape. Especial care was to be taken that the old -fox and his cubs should not escape, and that (what cool but hellish -words), "that the Government was not to be troubled with prisoners." -These fell orders Duncanson handed on to Glenlyon, who gladly received -and proceeded to carry them into execution with prompt and portentous -fidelity. - -With such injunctions in his pocket, Glenlyon proceeded to act the Judas -part with consummate skill. He supped and played at cards, on the -evening of the 12th, with John and Alexander Macdonald--two of his -intended victims; and he and his lieutenant (Lindsay) accepted an -invitation to dine with old MacIan for the next day. At five o'clock on -the morning of the 13th Hamilton hoped to have secured all the eastern -passes to prevent the escape of any fugitives, but, at all events, then -must Glenlyon begin his work of death. - -All now is silent over the devoted hamlet. All are sleeping with the -exception of the two sons of MacIan, who had been led to entertain some -suspicions that all was not right. They had observed that the sentinels -had been doubled and the guard increased. Some of the soldiers too had -been heard muttering their dislike to the treacherous task to which they -had been commissioned. The Macdonalds, in alarm, came to Glenlyon's -quarters a little after midnight, and found him preparing, along with -his men, for immediate service. They asked him what was the meaning of -all this, and he, with dauntless effrontery, replied that he and his men -were intending an expedition against Glengarry, and added, "If anything -had been intended do you think I would not have told Alastair here and -my niece." The young men are only half satisfied, but return, although -grumblingly, to their own dwellings. - -Over the valley, meanwhile, a snowstorm has begun to fall, but does not -come to its full height till farther on in the morning. The voice of the -Cona is choked in ice. The great heights behind the Sinai of Scotland -are silent, they have no thunders to forewarn, no lightnings to avenge. -MacIan himself is sleeping the deep sleep of innocence and security. The -fatigues and miseries of his journey to Fort-William and Inverary all -forgotten. Is there no wail of ghost, no cry of spirit coronach, none of -those earnest whispers which have been heard among the hills at dead of -night, and piercing the darkness with prophecies of fate? We know not, -and had there been such warning sounds they had given their oracle in -vain. - -Suddenly, at five precisely, a knock is heard at MacIan's door. It is -opened immediately, and the old man bustles up to dress himself, and to -order refreshments for his visitors. Look at him as he stands at the -threshold of his door, clad in nothing but his shirt, and his long grey -hair, with looks of friendship and a cup of welcome trembling in his old -hand; and see his wife has half risen behind him to salute the incomers. -Without a moment's warning, without a preliminary word, he is shot dead -and falls back into her arms. She is next assailed, stript naked, the -gold rings, from her fingers torn off by the teeth of the soldiers, and -then she is struck and trampled on till she is left for dead on the -ground, and next day actually dies. All the clansmen and servants in -the same house are massacred, all save one, an old domestic and a -_sennachie_. He has been unable to sleep all night with melancholy -thoughts, and falling into a deep sleep ere morning is roused by a -horrible dream, leaves the hamlet, dashes through the door, dirks in -vain striking at his shadow, and hands trying in vain to seize his -plaid, he runs to the hut where the two brothers are lying and cries -out, like screams of Banshie through the night, "Is it time for you to -be sleeping while your father is murdered on his own hearth?" - -They arise in haste, make for the mountains, and by their knowledge of -the dark and devious paths through that horrible wilderness, are enabled -to escape. From every house and hut there now rise shrieks, shouts, -groans, and blasphemies, the roar of muskets, the cries of men, women, -and children blended into one harmony of hell! The snow is now falling -thick, and is darkening more the dark February morning. Led through the -gloom, as if following the lurid eyes of some demoniac being, the -soldiers find their way from house to house, from one cluster of -cottages to another, rush in, seize their victims, drag them out, and -shoot them dead. In Glenlyon's own quarters nine men, including his own -landlord, are bound and shot, one of them with General Hill's passport -in his pocket. A boy of twelve clings to Glenlyon's knees asking for -mercy and offering to be his servant for life, when one Drummond stabbed -him with his dirk as he was uttering a prayer by which even Glenlyon was -affected. At Auchnain, a hamlet up the glen, Sergeant Barbour and his -troops came upon a party of nine men sitting round a fire, and slew -eight of them. The owner of the house in which Barbour had been -quartered was not hurt, and requested to die in the open air. "For your -bread which we have ate," said the Sergeant, "I will grant your -request." He was taken out accordingly, but while the soldiers were -presenting their muskets he threw his plaid over their faces, broke away -and escaped up the valley. - -Thirty-eight persons in all, including one or two women and a little -boy, were put to death, but, besides, many who are supposed to have -perished in the drifts. The murderers, after massacring the inmates, set -the dwellings on fire; and how ghastly and lurid, especially to those -who had escaped up the glen, perhaps as far as those mountains called -the Three Sisters, bound to-day together by a band of virgin snow, must -have seemed the effect of the flames flashing against the white of the -hills, and which they knew were fed and fattened by the blood of their -kindred! Many fled half naked into the storm, and through profound -wreaths of snow, and over savage precipices, reached places of safety. -The snow now avails more to save than to destroy since on account of it, -Hamilton with his 400 men was too late to stop the eastern passes -through which many made their escape. Had he come up in time every soul -had perished. When he arrived at eleven there was not a Macdonald alive -in the glen except one old man of eighty, whose worm-like writhings -prove him still alive-- - - One stab, one groan, and the tremendous deed - Of massacre is done, at which the heath - Which waves o'er all the Highland hills shall blush, - And torrents wail for ages, ghosts shall shriek, - Hell tremble through its dayless depths, and Heaven - Weep, and while weeping grasp its thunderbolts. - Beware Glenlyon's blood at _you_ they're armed! - Beware the curse of God and of Glencoe! - -The allusion in this last line is to a story told by Stewart of Garth in -his "History of the Highland Regiments," and on which a ballad by a -deceased poet, B. Symmons, an Irishman of great genius, was founded, and -appeared originally in _Blackwood's Magazine_. There was a brave -officer, Colonel Campbell of Glenlyon, the grandson of the ruffian who -disgraced the Campbell name and human nature at Glencoe. A curse was -supposed to rest upon the family, and the lands of Glenlyon departed -rood by rood from his descendants. The grandson, however, was brought up -by a pious mother, entered the army, and became a prosperous officer. He -was pursuing his profession in Canada when a romantic circumstance -occurred. A young man named Ronald Blair, a private of excellent -character and true courage, was stationed as a sentinel on an outpost. -He loved an Indian maid who came eve after eve to meet him at his post, -steering up the St Lawrence her lonely canoe. One night as she left him -a storm raged on the waters and exposed her and her bark to imminent -jeopardy. She shrieked out her lover's name, and called for help. - - The waves have swamped her little boat, - She sinks before his eye, - And he must keep his dangerous post, - And leave her there to die. - - One moment's dreadful strife--love wins, - He plunges in the water, - The moon is out, his strokes are stout, - The swimmer's arm has caught her, - And back he bears with gasping heart - The forest's matchless daughter. - -Meanwhile the picket pass and find his post deserted, and, of course, -his life forfeited. He is condemned to die, and Colonel Campbell is -appointed to superintend his execution. The circumstances transpire. A -reprieve is sent by the commanding officer with secret orders, however, -that the sentence be pushed on to all but the last, and not till the -prisoner's prayers are over, and the death fillet bound, is the pardon -to be produced. - - The morrow came, the evening sun - Was sinking red and cold, - When Ronald Blair a league from camp - Was led erect and bold, - To die a soldier's death, while low - The funeral drum was rolled. - -The musketeers advance to ask the signal when they are to shoot, -Campbell tells them, "Reserve your fire till I produce this blue -handkerchief." The prayer is said, the eyes are bound, the doomed -soldier kneels. There is such a silence that a tear might have been -heard falling to the ground. Campbell's heart beats high with joy and -fear to think that by drawing out the pardon in his pocket he is to turn -despair into delight. He keeps his hand a moment longer on the reprieve, -and then draws it forth, but with it drew--O God, the handkerchief; the -soldiers fire, Ronald Blair falls, and his Indian maid is found clasping -his dead body to her breast and dying by his side, and the frenzied -Colonel exclaims--"The Curse of Heaven and of Glencoe is here." - -The troops left the glen with a vast booty--900 kine, 200 ponies, and -many sheep and goats. When they had departed the Macdonalds crept from -their lurking places, went back to the spot, collected the scorched -carcasses from among the ruins, and buried them there. It is said that -the Bard of the Clan took his place on a rock opposite the scene of the -massacre and poured out a lament over his slaughtered kinsmen and their -desolate dwellings. The subject had been worthy of an Ossian. The scene -there is now changed. A house or two only remains where smoked hundreds -of happy hearths. The thistle and the wild myrtle shake their heads in -the winds, and utter their low monody which mingles with, and is swelled -by the voice of the Cona, all seeming to mourn over crime, and to -pronounce for doom. Yet let our conclusion be that of the Judge of the -earth Himself when he says vengeance is mine, I will repay, saith the -Lord, and who mixes mercy with judgment, and makes the wrath of man to -praise him in pardon as well as by punishment. Yet this stupendous crime -was not to pass wholly unpunished. It was a considerable time ere its -particulars and aggravations were fully known. Conceive such an -atrocious massacre perpetrated now! In less than seven days there would -be a cry of vengeance from the Land's End to Caithness. Within a -fortnight demands for the blood of the murderers would be coming in from -every part of the British dominions. In a month the ringleaders would -have been tried, condemned, and hanged, and even Mr Bruce, the late -lenient Secretary of State, would not venture to reprieve one of them. -It was different then. Not a word of it appeared in the meagre -newspapers of that day. Floating rumours there were, but they were all, -in many particular points, wide of the mark, and it was long ere the -particulars condensed into the tragic and terrible tale which is -certainly stranger than fiction. Very little interest was then felt in -Highlands feuds, and as Macaulay truly says, "To the Londoner of those -days Appin was what Caffrarra or Borneo is to us. He was not more moved -by hearing that some Highland thieves had been surprised and killed, -than we are by hearing that a band of Amakosah cattle-stealers had been -cut off, or that a barkful of Malay pirates had been sunk." Gradually, -however, the dark truth came out, and orbed itself into that blood-red -unity of horror, which has since made the firmest nerves to tremble, and -the stoutest knees to shake, which has haunted dreams, inspired poetry, -created new and ghastly shapes of superstition, and which, even yet, as -the solitary traveller is plodding his way amidst the shadows of an -autumn evening, or under the shivering stars of a winter night, can -drench the skin and curdle the blood. No wonder though the actors in the -tragedy felt, in their dire experience afterwards, that the infatuation -of crime dissolves the moment it is perpetrated; that Breadalbane sought -the sons of the murdered MacIan to gain impunity for himself by signing -a document declaring him guiltless; that Glencoe haunted the couch and -clouded the countenance, and shortened the days of Glenlyon. Hamilton -apparently felt no remorse, and his only regret was that any had -escaped, and that a colossal crime had been truncated by some colossal -blunders. He might have said like the Templar in the Talisman, when some -one tells him to tremble, "I cannot if I would." And yet as God comes -often to men without bell, so there might be some secret passage through -which, on noiseless footsteps, remorse might reach even the sullen -chamber of his hardened heart. - -Many lessons might be derived from the whole story, none, after all, -more obvious and none more useful than the old old story of the -desperate wickedness of human nature when unpenetrated by brotherly and -Christian feeling; and that he who has sounded the ocean, the grave, the -deepest and the darkest mountain cavern has yet a deeper deep to fathom -in the abyss of his own heart; and that the moral of the subject may be -yet more briefly condensed in the one grand line which Shelley has -borrowed from Burke:-- - - "To fear ourselves and love all human kind." - - GEO. GILFILLAN. - - - - -PROFESSORSHIP OF CELTIC AT OXFORD.--In a congregation held on Tuesday, -March 7th, a form of statute was promulgated to provide for the -establishment of a Professor of the Celtic languages and literature in -this University. The Principal and Fellows of Jesus College have offered -the sum of £500 annually, to be applied by the University for the -foundation of the professorship, and a further sum of £100 is to be paid -from the University chest, until an equivalent provision is made from -some other source. The statute also provides for the constitution of a -board for electing the professor. Such professor will be required to -reside within the precincts of the University for six months at least, -in each year, between the tenth day of October and the first of July -next following. The professor must apply himself to the study of the -Celtic languages, literature, and antiquities, and give lectures on -those subjects, and also give instruction on the same subject to members -of the University. He is not to hold any other professorship or public -readership in the University. Matters are looking up for the Celtic -languages at last; thanks to the redoubted Professor Blackie. Two Celtic -Professorships are now practically established. We understand that -Charles Mackay, LL.D., F.S.A., the well-known poet, and Celtic scholar, -is a candidate for the Chair. - - -THE PROPHECIES OF COINNEACH ODHAR FIOSAICHE--THE BRAHAN SEER.--John -Noble, bookseller, Inverness, is about to publish those "Prophecies" -in small book form, collected and edited by Alex. Mackenzie of the -_Celtic Magazine_. Some very remarkable instances of second sight by -others than _Coinneach Odhar_ will also be given. Parties forwarding -any _prophecies_ in their possession, or known in their district, to Mr -Noble, or to Mr Mackenzie, will be conferring a favour, and will receive -due acknowledgment. It is desirable to make the work as complete as -possible. - - - - -TEACHING GAELIC IN HIGHLAND SCHOOLS. - - -THIS is a question which has for some time engaged the earnest -consideration of many who are interested in the welfare of the -Highlands. Much has been said and written on the subject; on the one -hand by those who wish to see the language of the inhabitants excluded -from the schools--nay more, use every means at their command, by word -and deed, to extinguish it altogether. They argue that it is better we -should only possess one living language throughout the whole country, -and that, of course, the language of the Legislature, the Courts of -Justice, and of Commerce. No doubt a good deal can be said for this view -of the case, and we shall have something to say regarding it hereafter. -On the other hand, we have those who would have the language cultivated, -supported, and maintained as an active living tongue, spoken by the -Highlander and used in the common conversation and business of life; and -with that object have it taught in our schools just as we teach English. -Others do not exactly go that length. They wish it taught as a Special -Subject only, in the same way, on the same principle, and with the same -encouragement to schoolmasters and pupils that is given in the case of -Latin and Greek, French and German. And last of all, we have those who -only go the length of advocating its use for conveying information to -Gaelic-speaking children regarding what they read in their English -class-books--making it the medium by which the intelligence of the pupil -is appealed to, and so enable him the more easily and speedily to -understand and grasp the substance of his lessons in English, a language -which is to him as much a foreign one as Sanscrit or Hindustani. - -On the present occasion we shall refer more particularly to the -latter--those who wish to give Gaelic the dignity of being taught as a -Special Subject, and those who only wish it applied as a means with -which to reach the intelligence of the child while receiving an English -education. We will admit at the outset, that the primary object of -education in the Highlands, as well as elsewhere, must be to fit the -children for the active duties of after life. We will also admit that a -Gaelic education, however perfect, is not enough for this purpose. If -this be so--and no writer possessed of ordinary common sense can -reasonably dispute it--the teaching of Gaelic in our Highland schools -can be discussed only as a question of secondary importance; unless we -can show that it is through the native language of the scholars that we -can best appeal to their intelligence; and, that while giving Gaelic its -proper place in our system of Highland education, we can also show that -we are taking a more direct and more natural course, in the end, to -secure a more intelligent and vastly superior English education. - -No one approaching the subject with an unprejudiced mind, after giving -the smallest consideration to the subject, can maintain that a system -which wholly ignores the only language known to the child when he enters -school for the first time, can be either a sensible, a reasonable, or a -successful one. It is doubtful if ever such a system was adopted -anywhere else, at home or abroad, out of the Highlands of Scotland, and -the Gaelic-speaking districts of Ireland; but whether, or not, it was -ever adopted in the past we are unable, at the present day, to discover -any trace of such an unnatural, senseless, and, we might say without -exaggeration, idiotic system in any other part of the world. The -disadvantages of such a plan of teaching are so apparent to every one -except those teachers and their friends, who are totally ignorant of the -language of the children they are so well paid to teach and who, from -the manner in which they disregard the necessities of children in -Highland districts, must, we are afraid, be held to place their own -interests and that of their class far above the requirements of the -country; forgetting that the Legislature passed the Education Act not so -much in the interest of teachers as with the view to secure a really -substantial education to the pupils. We much regret that there should be -any necessity to point this out, as the interest of both teachers and -children should be identical; but this clearly cannot be, so long as -teachers maintain and advocate a system contrary to reason and common -sense, and opposed to every system of education throughout the civilized -world; and, indeed, quite the reverse of what they do themselves in the -case of all other languages taught by them, except that of English to -Gaelic-speaking children. When the pupil is sufficiently advanced in -English to justify the teacher in taking up any of the Special Subjects, -does he, for instance, while teaching Latin or Greek, French or German, -begin by throwing aside the knowledge of English already acquired by his -pupil, and commence to teach these foreign languages in the same way -adopted by him in teaching the child English--a language quite as -foreign to him as Latin or Greek, French or German? Does he begin with a -Latin spelling book without any translations in English and teach him -these languages on the same parrot system by which he managed to get him -to pronounce and read English, in most cases without ever having carried -with him the intelligence of his pupils? Not he. He knows better. If he -were foolish enough to teach Latin and other foreign languages in such a -way, he would soon discover that his labours were mainly thrown away, -and that he would earn few special grants by the time his pupils left -him. If it be so very absurd to teach all other languages, on such a -false and ruinous plan, upon what reasonable grounds can the system be -maintained in the case of teaching English to a Gaelic-speaking child? -We are afraid the only valid reason which can be given is,--that our -teachers are, as a rule, quite ignorant of Gaelic, and unable to teach -it; and forsooth! the interests of the rising Gaelic-speaking generation -are to be sacrificed to suit the convenience of those paid officials who -are quite unsuitable, and who should never have been appointed to teach -Highland children until they had acquired a knowledge of the language; -any more than we would think of engaging a teacher innocent of any -knowledge of English to teach foreign languages to a child born and bred -in the Midland Counties of England. Would any one in his senses ever -think or dream of such a proposal? and yet this is what some people -maintain to be the correct thing to do in the Highlands of Scotland. - -Government has already admitted and provided in the Code for testing the -intelligence of the children through their native tongue; but this -concession is quite useless where the teacher is ignorant of Gaelic, and -worse than useless where the examining inspector is positively unable to -test them as provided for by the Education Department. Would it not have -been better still had it made provision to reach and rouse the -intelligence through, and by means of it. The Legislature has also made -other special provisions for the peculiar situation and educational -requirements of the Highlands, and we feel sure, if it can be shown to -be a necessity, that the Education Department will also alter the Code -so as to put teachers who may possibly be kept back a little in the -first two standards, in consequence of any time that may be lost in -teaching Gaelic, in a more favourable position, and so enable them to -draw the same grant as if they devoted their whole time to the exclusive -teaching of English. We feel sure that no one whose opinion is worthy of -the slightest consideration, will, for a moment, attempt to argue -against a system of teaching children through the only language which -they understand. - -To teach thus, successfully, it would be best to adopt class books and -grammars in the earlier stages, in both languages, as is done elsewhere, -in every case where a foreign language is taught. These might be given -up, when the pupil arrived at the third standard. After this he could -pick up all the requisite knowledge of Gaelic with little difficulty; -for be it observed, we are at present only advocating the use of Gaelic -as a _medium_ for imparting a sound and intelligent English education. -We are happy to know that it is still the practice, particularly in -those districts where a snobbish aping of Cockneyism has yet failed to -overpower and crush out the old devotional spirit of the Gael, for the -parents to conduct family worship, at least twice a day, by the reading -of a Chapter and a Psalm out of the Gaelic Bible, while the children, -who come to the age of discretion, have to follow the reader in their -Gaelic Bibles, and thus they soon learn to read Gaelic perfectly. We -think it, therefore, quite unnecessary to teach Gaelic beyond the stage -at which it fails to be useful in helping to a better and more -intelligent understanding of their English class-books, except to those -who are to become ministers or schoolmasters; when the teacher, in the -case of smart boys, should be encouraged to take it up and teach it as a -Special Subject. - -We fully appreciate, and make allowance for, the difficulty to be -overcome in providing a special set of Gaelic and English elementary -school-books specially suited for the Highlands, and would be disposed -to forego the unquestionable advantages derivable from them were we -satisfied that the teachers were capable and willing to make up to some -extent for the defect by fully explaining the meaning of the elementary -English lessons to the children through their mother tongue; and then -teach Gaelic as a Special Subject in the more advanced standards to -those who intended to continue their education with the view of -following any of the learned professions. We had ample and conclusive -proof that Gaelic reading can be acquired by Gaelic-speaking children in -a very short time. Not long ago the Gaelic Society of Inverness offered -prizes in the Parish of Gairloch to the best Gaelic scholars; for the -best reading, the best spelling, and the best translations from Gaelic -into English, and from English into Gaelic. We were informed by some of -the teachers that before these prizes were offered they never taught -Gaelic to the children; and even when they decided to compete, only -taught it privately after ordinary school hours. The progress made, as -exhibited by the examination was, on such short notice, really -marvellous. The reading and spelling were almost perfect, and the -translations were such that we believe translations from English to -Latin and Greek, or _vice versâ_, of equal faithfulness would secure a -bursary in some of our Universities. We are writing from actual -experience, having taken a part in the examination; and one single fact -of this kind ought to have more weight in argument than all the theories -which those who are ignorant of the facts can propound. - -We have repeatedly heard and seen objections made that a Gaelic -education was calculated to hinder the Gaelic-speaking child in his -progress in English, and that he could not overcome the difficulty of -acquiring a correct English pronunciation with the same ease and -facility as if first taught to read it. We have even heard it stated -seriously that a Highlander who read and wrote Gaelic could never be a -good English writer, and were challenged to prove the contrary. - -When we first went to school we knew not a single word of English. We -attended one where it was the rule that no English was to be taught -until we were able to read the Gaelic Testament, after which we had to -translate our Bible lesson on alternate mornings from English into -Gaelic, and from Gaelic into English. There were eight or nine other -schools in the Parish, in one only--the girls' school--in which the same -rule was applied. We had an excellent teacher who taught Latin and Greek -(and we think, in one instance, Hebrew) to the more advanced pupils. We -have made enquiries as to the result, and find that from forty to fifty -of the boys who were taught in our school have raised themselves to good -social positions throughout England, the South of Scotland, and the -Colonies. The few who remained at home are known to be the most -intelligent and best informed in the Parish; and the great majority of -those who have been educated on the system now in fashion have forgotten -all they have ever learned and have taken to the herring fishing, while -a miserable existence about their parents' crofts is enough to satisfy -their highest ambition. - -It is quite unnecessary to prove that those who advanced their social -position from home, have acquired a better pronunciation than those who -have never left it, and who have forgotten all they were ever taught; -and in reply to the objection that those who are taught Gaelic can never -write English with the same ease and fluency as those who obtain an -exclusively English education, we assert that those of our Highland -countrymen who knew, spoke, and wrote Gaelic best are pre-eminent -amongst us as the best writers of English--such, for instance, as "Old" -Norman Macleod; the late Dr Norman Macleod; Dr Macleod of Morven and his -three sons; Sir James Mackintosh; Dr Mackintosh Mackay; John Mackenzie -of the "Beauties of Gaelic Poetry;" Dr Maclauchlan; Dr Clerk, Kilmallie; -Sheriff Nicolson; Mr Cameron of Renton; James Macpherson, of Ossianic -fame; Dr Kennedy, Dingwall; Mr Blair, Glasgow; "Nether-Lochaber;" D. -Mackinnon, Edinburgh; The Macdonalds of Fort-William and of the -"Times;" and many others we could mention. We shall be delighted to see -produced a list of writers from the Highlands, even if possessed of the -so-called qualification of a total ignorance of the Gaelic language to -equal these men in English composition. The contention of our opponents -is really so irrational and absurd as to be unworthy of notice, were it -not that we see men of position seriously giving expression to such -absurdities. We have even seen a gentleman who has been elevated since, -much to the surprise of the profession, to the position of an inspector -of schools, stoutly maintaining it in large type in the columns of one -of our northern newspapers. Such arguments amount to this--that a real -and thorough knowledge of his native language, whether it be Gaelic, -English, or French, is a drawback and a disqualification for acquiring -and writing a foreign one, and that the greater his ignorance of his -native tongue the greater the proficiency of a scholar in a foreign one; -while common sense, (which is unfortunately, in educational circles, -sometimes, and especially on this question, very uncommon), and all the -experience of the past go to prove the very opposite. - -It is pleasant to find the rational view making steady progress even among -those who were understood for a long time to hold a different opinion. Mr -Jolly, Her Majesty's Inspector of Schools, who is unfortunately ignorant -of the native language of the children whom he examines professionally, -expressed himself unfavourable to teaching Gaelic in Highland schools, -before he had time to examine the question for himself; but having looked -the matter in the face, and given it serious consideration, we are -gratified to find him stating at the last annual meeting of the Gaelic -Society that he belonged to the class who desired that Gaelic should be -used for getting at the intelligence of the children when reading English; -and who afterwards wished the Gaelic language and literature to be -introduced when the children had mastered the mechanical difficulties of -reading, and were able to enter into the meaning and spirit of what they -read. "Although a Lowlander he had every sympathy with those who desired -to preserve the Gaelic; and he held exactly the same views on the subject -of Gaelic teaching as are held by Professor Blackie, the Rev. Alex. -Macgregor, and Dr Clerk, Kilmallie." We have a pretty good idea as to what -the Rev. Mr Macgregor's views on the question are, as well as Professor -Blackie's, and are therefore quite satisfied with Mr Jolly's. The -Professor, we are happy to say, has engaged to give expression to his, in -a definite form, on an early date in these pages; and we feel sure that -they will satisfy all reasonable men. - -We attach great value to the expression of such an opinion as Mr -Jolly's, arrived at after mature deliberation and observation of the -requirements of the Highlands; from one who is himself a stranger to the -language, and who would naturally be prejudiced against it; for we must -keep in mind that in expressing such a favourable opinion he was to some -extent weakening his own position as an Inspector of Schools, unable to -examine in a language which he honestly affirmed, and with a candour -which deserves acknowledgment, ought to be used, and at a certain stage -taught in the schools. We are quite satisfied to place this opinion -against the views of another inspector in the north, whose only reply -to the advocates of Gaelic in our schools is--that such a system would -limit the sphere from which to choose teachers--forgetting, or choosing -to ignore, that the teachers ought and must accommodate themselves to -the system which all rational men admit to be the only true and -successful one, and the only one practised everywhere else out of the -Highlands. A gentleman who could publicly use such an argument as, "If -the language ought to be kept alive by being taught in school, surely -Edinburgh and Glasgow are the places where this should be done, where -the children know nothing of it, and not in the Highlands where the -children already speak it with fluency,"--is perfectly innocent of the -real question at issue, and deserves little notice or attention in the -controversy. - -We have by no means exhausted the subject, but shall, meanwhile, content -ourselves by laying down the following propositions:--(1), That it being -an acknowledged educational principle that the unknown can only be made -successfully known through the known; and as this principle is not only -acknowledged but practised everywhere else out of the Scottish Highlands -we must hold it to be the only rational one to adopt there also; unless it -can be shown that the Highlander is constructed intellectually entirely -different from the rest of humanity. We must therefore, to be rational, -teach the unknown English through the known Gaelic: (2), We must adapt the -Code to the requirements of the special circumstances of the case: (3), -Our teachers must keep in mind that after all, they are only a part -(although a very important part), of the system by which Parliament has -wisely decided to place education within the reach of every child in -Scotland, and if it can be shown--and it is self-evident--that teachers -who are ignorant of the Gaelic language are not competent or suitable to -carry out the intentions of the Legislature, they must just accommodate -themselves to the requirements of their position, and qualify properly to -discharge their duties by acquiring a sufficient knowledge of Gaelic to -enable them to impart education according to the only rational system, in -use, in all civilised communities: (4), To get the full benefit of the -concessions already made by the Education Department as to the testing of -the child's intelligent understanding of his English reading by means of -his native language, it is absolutely necessary that our Inspectors of -Schools should have a sufficient knowledge of Gaelic to enable them to -test the understanding of the children as intended by the Department, and -now provided for, in the Code. - -The great and primary question is, how to impart a sound education to -the rising generation? The means--the teaching staff--are only important -in so far as they serve to bring about the great end and principal -object of all--an education in the true sense of the term.[A] - - A. M. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[A] Since the above was in type Mr Fraser-Mackintosh, M.P., has given -notice of his intention, upon Friday, 31st March, to call attention to the -Scottish Education Code of 1876, and to move a resolution on the subject -of Gaelic teaching in the schools in Gaelic-speaking districts. - - - - -GENERAL SIR ALAN CAMERON, K.C.B., - -COLONEL 79TH CAMERON HIGHLANDERS. - -[CONTINUED.] - - -CHAPTER IX. - -THE first duty which Major Cameron had now (1794) imposed on him by his -"Letter of Service" was to recommend the officers from the "half-pay -list" to be associated with him in raising the regiment. In the -disposition of these he was to a certain extent under the guidance of -his own inclination to have as many as he could, of his old American -brother-officers, with him in the undertaking. After the selection was -made, the names were submitted to the War Office and approved. Reference -to the list of officers selected will prove that Major Cameron was not -unmindful of his brother-officers of the "Royal Emigrant Regiment," his -choice consisting of five officers of the Clan M'Lean, while two only -belonged to his own. The reason of the numerical difference will be -understood to be, in consequence of the above stated restrictions. When -the "half-pay list" was exhausted, by distribution among the numerous -corps being embodied, and Major Cameron was released from the War Office -regulations, the commissions in the regiment were always given to his -Lochaber relatives, as the army list of subsequent years will testify. - -Although Major Cameron had been, by this time, absent from Lochaber a -number of years, yet he was not an entire stranger, for he was from time -to time heard of. He had been advised by his brother that the rage and -irritation occasioned by the result of the duel had greatly subsided, if -not, indeed, entirely disappeared, and that his arrival in the country -was not at all likely to revive them. On receipt of this intelligence -Major Cameron, with politic calculation, arranged that he should arrive -in his native place on one of the first days of November, which -arrangement would give him the opportunity of meeting the greater part -of the country people of all classes, this being the week of the winter -market at Fort-William. The idea also struck him that, as he was to be -engaged in "His Majesty's service," the Government might give him, for -his own and his officers' accommodation, quarters in the garrison. His -application to the Board of Ordnance, to this effect, proved successful, -and the building known as "Government House" was placed at his disposal. -His family, at this time, consisted of three sons, respectively named -Philips, Donald, and Nathaniel; the first and last after their mother's -father, and the other after his own father (he of the '45). The eldest -two accompanied him to the Highlands, and remained there long enough to -acquire some acquaintance with the Gaelic language, an acquisition which -they often declared afterwards to have served them advantageously in -their relationship with the soldiers of the 93d. - -The day at last arrived when Alan, after an absence of twenty-one years, -was to look again on his native hills, an event which, no doubt, -gladdened and warmed his Highland heart. It is stated that he timed his -first appearance to take place on the last day of the market, and he -observed it punctually. This enabled the people, if so inclined, to meet -him without interfering with their business affairs. His brother was -most useful to him in making proper preparations for his reception. -Quite a multitude went out to meet him and his companions, a mile or so, -and accorded him a most enthusiastic reception. It has, indeed, been -said, that the ovation and the escort of that day resembled more that -usually awarded to an illustrious conqueror than that to a mere -field-officer of the British army. Alan gave instructions to make that -and subsequent days a carnival of hospitality--feasting and rejoicing -without limit. After a reasonable time, however, festivities must -terminate, and business commence. A writer of ripe experience, on -Highland subjects, adverts to the anxious state of public feeling at -this time[B]--"In 1793, and the succeeding years, the whole strength and -resources of the United Kingdom were called into action. In the northern -corner a full proportion was secured. A people struggling against the -disadvantages of a boisterous climate and barren soil, could not be -expected to contribute money. But the personal services of young and -active men were ready when required for the defence of the liberty and -independence of their country." Producing so many defenders of the -State, as these glens have done, they ought to have been saved from a -system which has changed the character of, if not altogether extirpated, -their hardy inhabitants. - - -CHAPTER X. - -THE business of "raising" the regiment was now (1793-94) to commence in -real earnest, and as it was the Major's desire that the complement -should be made up of as many as he could induce to join from his own and -the adjacent districts, his officers and himself visited every part -round about, and with so much success that, between Lochaber, Appin, -Mull, and Morven, 750 men were collected at Fort-William, within a -period of less than two months; at any rate the official accounts record -that number to have been inspected and approved by General Leslie on the -3d January (1794).[C] General Stewart states, "in the instance of the -embodiment of the 79th no bounty was allowed by Government, and the men -were therefore recruited at the solo expense of Mr Cameron and his -officers; nevertheless the measure of the success will be understood by -the early date of their inspection at Stirling, where they received the -denomination of the 79th Cameron Highlanders." The Major was now -desirous to repair as quickly as possible to the place appointed for -inspection, that he might get his corps numbered, and with that -determination, ordered every man to be in readiness for the journey -southwards. Great was the excitement in the little village adjoining the -garrison of Fort-William, on that winter's morning, when Cameron and his -followers collected on its parade-ground, to have the roll called by -"old Archie Maclean" (their first Adjutant), preparatory to bidding -farewell to Lochaber--a last farewell by the greater part of them. -The nearest and dearest must part, and such was the case with the -Lochabermen and their friends, now that "they promised to help King -George." With Alan at their head, this devoted band filed off in well -regulated order, marching with steady step through the village, the -pipers leading, playing the well-known march--"_Gabhaidh sinn an rathad -mor_" (We'll keep the high road), while large numbers of the country -people convoyed them on their route a considerable distance, reluctant -to give the final farewell; deferring it till they were reminded that -they had now a long way to go back. Their affection probably laid them -under a spell that "farewell was such sweet sorrow, they could not say -farewell till to-morrow." A string of horses preceded them, to different -stages, with their creels well provided with creature comforts desirable -for their long journey, along indifferent paths, and over bleak -mountains, to Stirling. At that season of the year, the weather was very -severe, and the absence of any habitations on the way did not admit of -any halting; therefore it was decided to continue their onward course -without interruption, except the short intervals necessary for -refreshments. This decision enabled them to reach the rendezvous at noon -of the third day, when after a day or two's rest, drilling was resumed -without intermission, in consequence of which persistency, the corps -were in a fair state of order by the time the inspecting officer -arrived. "The Cameron Highlanders" underwent this ordeal of military and -medical inspection to the General's entire satisfaction, and he duly -reported the result to the War Office, and, being the first to be so -reported the corps received the first and subsequent number of 79th (the -78th, Mackenzie's Ross-shire regiment, had been completed in the month -of March of the previous year). Meanwhile the exigencies of the service -becoming pressing, the "Office" was induced to dispatch urgent orders to -Cameron to augment the regiment with the necessary 250 men to raise it -to a total strength of 1000 rank and file. In obedience to this summons, -he, with others of his officers, lost no time in returning to the -districts of the Highlands from whence they came. If further proof were -needed of the popularity of Cameron, the fact that he collected the 250 -recruits wanted, and reported them at the same place (Stirling), in the -short space of five and twenty days, will be sufficiently convincing. -When the 1000 men were completed on the 30th January (1794), Alan was -advanced to the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the regiment![D] This marvellous -rapidity may be contrasted with the fact, that when Mr Cameron of -Fassifern was offered a company in the corps being raised by the Marquis -of Huntly in the following month of February, he was obliged to have -recourse to the assistance of his brother-in-law, Macneil of Barra, to -complete the number of 100 men. He could only secure nineteen men in his -own district of Lochaber, notwithstanding that he was aided by the -personal influence of his cousin Lochiel. Alan Cameron did not seek, nor -did he receive the slightest favour from the Chief of his clan, for -reasons which may be subsequently referred to.[E] - - -CHAPTER XI. - -THE colours for the 79th had been prepared, and immediately on its being -registered they were presented (1794), after which the regiment received -the route for Ireland. There they remained till the following June, -where their uniform reached them, which, being the Highland dress, was -similar to that of the other Highland corps, except in the matter of -"facings," which were green. Although the tartan of the Clan Cameron is -one of the handsomest patterns; the ground and prevailing colour being -red, it was thought unsuitable for wear with the scarlet jacket; but -that was not a sufficient reason for its non-adoption as the tartan of -the "Cameron Highlanders," inasmuch as the tartan worn (the Stewart) by -the 72d is of still brighter colour than the Cameron. Neither of these -was the real reason which caused the clan tartan's non-adoption by the -79th.[F] Alan choose rather to have a tartan of his own (or rather -his mother's) design. That pattern is so well known as to need no -description. The first supply was provided by Messrs Holms of Paisley -(now of Greenhead, Glasgow), and designated the "Cameron Earrachd," as -distinguished from that of the Cameron proper. It is the pattern chosen -by the Highland company of the Liverpool Rifle Corps, and by the 2d -Lochaber Company, of which Lochiel was captain.[G] - -The Cameron Regiment had scarcely completed its equipment, when it was -ordered to embark for Flanders to reinforce the British and Austrian -armies under the command of the Duke of York, against the French. They -were joined in this expedition by their countrymen of the 42d and the -78th. Their arrival proved to be of the utmost consequence, inasmuch as -that by their support, in reserve, they helped, by a victory over -Picheqru to retrieve a disaster experienced by the Duke shortly before -that. This engagement lasted from an early hour till the afternoon, and -its decision was weighing in the balance, when the Duke charged with the -British troops into the centre of the French army, bayonet in hand, and -thus, brought hostilities to an end for the day. This success, however, -was of small advantage, as the allies were subsequently compelled to -retreat before the overwhelming forces of the French, and, retiring -towards Westphalia, endured the most dreadful hardship and suffering, -both from its inhospitable inhabitants, and the rigour of its climate -(the winter and spring of 1794-5), the elements of which proved more -fatal to the British army than the fire of the enemy. The Camerons lost -200 men. The contingent of the British army withdrew from the Continent -after this fruitless campaign, embarking in April at Bremen. The 79th -was ordered for quarters to the Isle of Wight, where it remained till -the month of July, when it received the route for India, and Colonel -Cameron was ordered to recruit the regiment to the extent of its losses -in Flanders. - - (_To be Continued._) - -FOOTNOTES: - -[B] General Stewart's Sketches, vol. II., pp. 245-6. - -[C] Historical Record of the 79th Regiment by Captain Robert Jamieson, -Edinburgh, 1863. - -[D] Captain Jamieson's Historical Record, Blackwood, Edinburgh, 1863. - -[E] The Rev. Mr Clerk's Memoir of Colonel Cameron of Fassifern, p. 109. - -[F] Mr Cameron of Lochiel, and Mr Cameron of Earrachd (Alan's father), had -been, or were, at differences about the ownership of part of the property, -when it was alleged that the latter was hardly used in the matter, by the -former and his trustees, of whom Cameron of Fassifern was the most active. -This misunderstanding led to a coolness between the families. - -[G] It was returned to the Lord-Lieutenant by this company under the -designation of "Cameron Lochiel." The captain's attention was drawn to the -misnomer, who disclaimed any knowledge of the error. It has transpired -since to have been the act of an officer of the corps, now deceased, who -must have committed this paltry piece of piracy, either from ignorance or -subserviency. - - - - -THE SONGS AND MELODIES OF THE GAEL. - - -THE Gael, their language, their songs, and their melodies, will live or -die together. If the one sinks they shall all sink. If the one rises -they shall all rise. If the one dies they shall die together, and shall -all be buried in the same grave. Is it possible that a people, with such -a language, such songs, and such delicious melodies, shall vanish and -disappear from the earth, and their place become occupied by others? It -cannot happen, and I candidly assert for myself that, were the whole of -the Breadalbane Estate mine, I would willingly part with it for the sake -of being able to master the songs and the melodies of my Highland -countrymen. I have reason to be thankful for the circumstances in which -I was placed in the days of my youth. I had eight brothers and a sister. -My father had a fine ear for music, and an excellent voice, and -frequently gratified our young ears, during the long winter evenings, by -playing on the Jew's harp and singing the words connected with the -different Highland airs. There was also a man in our immediate -neighbourhood who was frequently in the house, who played on the violin, -and who was one of the best players of our native airs I ever listened -to. The consequence was that as I grew up I was very fond of singing, -and to this moment of my life I do not think that it had any bad effect -upon me; and certainly my fondness for Gaelic songs was the first thing -that led me to read the Gaelic language. From fifteen to the age of -twenty I herded my father's sheep among the Grampians. The following is -a true description of my state then:-- - - 'Nuair bha e 'na bhalach A laddie so merry - Gu sunndach, 's lan aighear, 'Mong green grass and heather, - 'S mac-talla 'ga aithris The voice of the echo - A cantuinn nan oran, Rehearsing his story: - Toirt air na cruaidh chreagan, The mountains so rocky - Le 'n teangannan sgeigeil, To mimic and mock him, - Gu fileant 'ga fhreagradh, Becoming all vocal - Gu ceileireach ceolmhor. Like songsters so joyful. - -About the age of twenty a change came over me, when I forsook the songs, -but not their melodies, and had recourse to Buchanan's, M'Gregor's, and -Grant's hymns as a source of gratification. I was, in a measure, -prepared to enjoy them, as I found several of the melodies I used to -sing, in the hymns. M'Gregor was my great favourite. He was every inch a -man, a Gael, a scholar, a poet, a Christian, and a great divine. I -regret that his hymns are not more extensively known. Forty-two years -ago I composed several hymns--six or seven years afterwards a few -more--but during the last ten years, I suppose, nearly fifty. I have -done as much as I could to regenerate the songs of my country. My -predecessors carefully avoided cheerful and lively airs, especially -those with a chorus, but I find these generally, when the subject is -applicable to them, the most powerful and the most appropriate for use -in connection with the preaching of the gospel. Last summer I sang one -of them in a Free Church, on a Sabbath evening, to the Gaelic part of -the congregation. As I was descending from the pulpit, the Gaelic -precentor, and a deacon, whispered in my ears, "_Tha i sin fad air -thoiseach air laoidhean Shanci_." (That is far before Sankey's hymns.) - -So far as I know, singing Gaelic songs has had no evil effect upon our -countrymen. Indeed, singing is one of the prettiest, and one of the most -harmless things connected with human nature, even in its degenerate -state. A man who can sing a Gaelic song well is properly considered a -favourite. It is felt that he spreads kindness, and infuses joy and -happiness in the social circle--the language and the sweet melody of the -piece will banish all melancholy and bitter feelings from the mind. A -man influenced by a wicked malicious disposition is certainly not -disposed to sing. The practice they have of fulling or shrinking cloth -in the West Highlands has had a great tendency to keep up the native -melodies. Five, six, or seven females are seated in a circle facing one -another. The cloth having been steeped, is folded in a circle. Each -holds it in both hands, while they raise it as high as the breast, and -then bring it down with a thump on the board. In this way it goes -gradually round from the one to the other. A person standing outside -would only hear one thump. The chosen leader commences the song, all -unite, and by raising and lowering their hands they beat time to the -tune. This generally attracts a crowd of listeners. I have seldom -listened to finer singing. - -Lachlan M'Lean, the author of "Adam and Eve," and one of the greatest -enthusiasts for the language, the songs, and the music of the Gael, that -ever lived, was one day on board a steamer going from Tobermory to Oban. -A number of Skye females were on board. He placed them seated in a -circle on deck, and they commenced singing, with their handkerchiefs in -their hands, to the great delight of all on board, with the exception of -an elderly austere professor of religion, who frowned upon them and -silenced them. If such be the effect of real religion, I have yet to -learn it. I have no doubt the same man, if he could, would prevent the -larks from singing; and as well attempt to do the one as the other. I am -certain that he would rather have his ears stuffed with cotton than -listen to _Piobaireachd Dho'il Duibh_ played on the bagpipes. - -Robert Burns has been greatly vilified by a certain class of preachers. He -and his songs have been held forth as a great curse to his countrymen; but -when these Rev. Divines and their hot, but mistaken, zeal is forgotten, -Robert Burns will shine forth, and in the long run will be found to be a -greater blessing to his country than his accusers. For certainly no man -ever did more to keep up the native language and the melodies of the -Lowland Scotch than he has done. The same is equally true respecting our -Highland bards. _Taing dhuit a Dhonnachaidh Bhain, agus do d' chomh-Bhaird -airson nan oranan gasda, agus nam fuinn bhinn a dh'fhag sibh againn._ I am -certain that the Scotch must return to the melodies in their native -language. Sankey's melodies may do for a short time, but will never find a -lasting lodgment in the Scottish heart like their own delicious melodies. -There is as inseparable a connection between _their_ melodies and their -native language, as there is between our Highland melodies and our native -Gaelic. The Gaelic may easily take up their melodies, but the English -never. - -Those tunes that are used in public worship have no melody to my soul -like our native airs, and it is utterly impossible for me to feel -otherwise. This assertion will find a testimony in the bosoms of men, -although their prejudices may be opposed to it. Where is the man that -would compose a song in praise of his fellow-creature, that would -attempt to sing it to a psalm tune? Should he do so, all men would look -upon him as a blockhead. And what is the great difference between -praising a fellow-creature and praising the Redeemer? I can conceive -none, except that the latter deserves a sweeter, and, if possible, a -more delicious melody. I think it was Rowland Hill who wisely said that -"he could not see why the devil should have all the finest tunes," and I -quite agree with him. - -It is also a fact, although I understand English as well as Gaelic, that -it has not the same effect upon me in singing it. Although the English -were sung with the greatest art, and in the best possible style, it -would neither warm our hearts nor melt our souls like singing in Gaelic. -I feel that the great "mistress of art" has a tendency to puff me up, -whereas I have no such feelings in my Gaelic. Perhaps one-third of the -songs of the Gael are love songs, and the delicacy of feeling which is -manifest in most of them is extraordinary. They will not offend the most -refined ear; so that we have reason to be proud of our race in that -respect. Our songs may be divided into two classes--the cheerful and -plaintive. In the former we have M'Lachlan's "_Air fatll-ir-inn, -ill-ir-inn, uill-er-inn o_." M'Intyre's song to his spouse, "_Mhairi -bhan og_," and "_Ho mo Mhairi Laghach_"--translated by Professor Blackie -in the first number of the _Celtic_. These are instances of lyric poetry -as beautiful as ever saw the light, and melodies as sweet as can be -listened to. In the other may be placed "_Fhir a bhata 's na ho ro -eile_," which was lately sung in Inveraray Castle in the presence of Her -Majesty. Another is:-- - - A Mhalaidh bhoidheach, - A Mhalaidh ghaolach, - A Mhalaidh bhoidheach, - Gur mor mo ghaol duit, - A Mhalaidh bhoidheach, - 'S tu leon 's a chlaoidh mi, - 'S a dh'fhag mi bronach - Gun doigh air d'fhaotainn. - -What a delicious piece! how full of sweet melody! Can the English -language produce its equal? Poor fellow, he was sincere. The deer would -be seen on wings in the air, fish on tops of mountains high, and _black_ -snow resting on the tree branches, before his love to her would undergo -any change. - -Perhaps one-fourth of our songs are Elegies to the departed; and the -melodies to which these are sung are as plaintive and melting as can be -listened to. I place at the head of this class the "Massacre of -Glencoe," and Maclachlan's Elegy, to the same air, in memory of -Professor Beattie of Aberdeen. I said in my "Address to Highlanders" -that the Fort-William people might, on the top of Ben Nevis, defy the -English and broad Scotch to produce its equal:-- - - Ghaoil, a ghaoil, de na fearaibh, - 'S fuar an nochd air an darach do chrè, - 'S fuar an nochd air a bhord thu, - Fhiuran uasail bu stold ann a'd bheus, - 'N cridhe firinneach soilleir, - D'am bu spideal duais foille na sannt, - Nochd gun phlosg air an deile - Sin mo dhosguinn nach breugach mo rann. - -It is utterly impossible to give a proper expression of that piece in -any other language. - -Lachlan M'Lean, already referred to, composed an elegy, to a daughter of -the Laird of Coll, who died in London and was buried there, to the same -air:-- - - Och! nach deach do thoirt dachaidh - O mhearg nigheana Shassuinn 's an uair, - Is do charadh le morachd. - Ann an cois na Traigh mhor mar bu dual; - Fo dhidean bhallachan arda - Far am bheil do chaomh mhathair 'na suain, - 'S far am feudadh do chairdean, - Dol gach feasgair chuir failte air t'uaigh. - -I entered his shop soon after this appeared in the _Teachdaire Gaelach_, -and sung him some verses of it. He could scarcely believe that it was -his own composition. He seemed in a reverie, his eyes speaking -inexpressibles. - -"_Gaoir nam Ban Muileach_"--(The wail of the Mull women)--is another -extraordinary piece. I am sorry that I could not get hold of it. -M'Gregor also has three hymns suited to this beautiful air. There is a -good deal of monotony in singing the few first lines, but it reaches a -grand climax of expression at the sixth. The last line is repeated -twice. When two or three sing it together, and the whole join in chorus -at the sixth line, I have seldom heard singing like it. - -Dr M'Donald composed an elegy, to the Rev. Mr Robertson, with a very -plaintive air--the air of a song occasioned by the great loss at Caig-- - - Ochan nan och, is och mo leon, - Tha fear mo ruin an diugh fo'n fhoid, - Tha fear mo ruin an diugh fo'n fhoid, - 'S cha teid air ceol no aighear leam. - -Many of the songs of the Gael might be called patriotic songs, and they -make us feel proud that we are Gaels. Their daring feats in the field of -strife against the enemies of our country, as at Bannockburn, Waterloo, -Alma, &c., are celebrated in song. Their quarrels, amongst themselves, -is the only thing that makes us feel ashamed of them. Several of their -songs raise us in our own estimation, with good cause, above our -neighbours the Lowlanders, the English, and the French. The songs of the -Gael embrace every variety--their language, mountains, corries, straths, -glens, rivers, streams, horses, dogs, cows, deer, sheep, goats, guns, -field labour, herding, boats, sailing, fishing, hunting, weddings--some -of them as funny as they can be, and some the most sarcastic that was -ever written. There is always something sweet and pretty about them. The -artless simplicity of the language, with its extraordinary power of -expression, gives them an agreeable access to the mind, which no other -language can ever give. - -The power these melodies have over the Gael is really extraordinary. I -was told by a piper, who was at the Battle of Alma, that when on the eve -of closing with the Russians, he, contrary to orders, played "_Sud mar -chaidh 'n cal a' dholaidh, aig na Bodaich Ghallda_," which had a most -powerful effect upon the men, on which account alone he was pardoned. I -saw a man who heard a piper playing "_Tulloch gorm_" in the East Indies, -and it made him weep like a child. About two years ago a young man, a -native of Oban, was out far in the country, in Australia, and having -entered a hotel, he saw a man who had the appearance of being a -Highlander, in the sitting-room. He (of Oban) was in a room on the -opposite side of the passage, and thought to himself "If he is a Gael -I'll soon find out," and leaving the door partially open, that he might -see him without being seen, he commenced playing, on the flute, the most -plaintive Highland airs. No sooner did he begin than the other began to -move his body backward and forward. At last he bent down his body, -covering both his eyes with the palms of his hands, and began to sob out -"_Och! och mise; och! och mise_." He (my informant) then played some -marching airs, and instantly the other raised his head and began to beat -time with both feet. At last he played some dancing airs, when one foot -only was engaged in beating time. He then raised a hearty laugh and -closed the door with a bang. The man rushed forward, but finding the -door closed he settled down a little. The door was opened, and what a -meeting of friends! what union of hearts! what kindness of feeling! what -joy! What was the cause of all these? What but the melodies of the Gael. - -Now, I am certain that were I to listen to the native melodies of my -country in distant parts of the world, I would also weep. But there is -nothing that ever I listened to that would affect me so much as: "_Crodh -Chailean_." Many a cow has been milked to that air, and many a fond -mother soothed her child to rest with it, and I am sure it would be a -greater accomplishment for young ladies to be able to sing it properly -than any German or Italian air they could play on the piano: - - Bha crodh aig Mac Chailean, - Bheireadh bainne dhomh fhein, - Eadar Bealtuinn is Samhainn, - Gun ghamhuinn, gun laogh, - Crodh ciar, crodh ballach, - Crodh Alastair Mhaoil, - Crodh lionadh nan gogan, - 'S crodh thogail nan laogh. - -Shaw composed several hymns to this air. - -I suppose there is not a class of people on the face of the earth that -have finer imaginations than the Gael. This has arisen partly, no doubt, -from their language, so adapted for lyric poetry and composition, and -verses calculated to give scope to the imaginative faculty. It has -arisen likewise from the place of their birth. The roaring Atlantic, the -grandeur of the resounding flood in their rocky glens. Waterfalls, down -dashing torrents, fast flowing rivers. The scream of the curlew, the -lapwing, the plover, and the shrill whistle of the eagle. The shadows of -the clouds seen moving majestically along in the distance--all these -have a great tendency to move and to give wing to the imagination. But I -believe that the ditties they have been accustomed to hear sung in their -youth have had a far greater effect upon them. Could these be all -collected they would form a rare collection. How often has "_Gille -Callum_" been sung-- - - Gheibh thu bean air da pheghinn, - Rogh is tagh air bonn-a-se, - Rug an luchag uan boirionn, - 'S thug i dhachaidh cual chonnaidh. - -When one begins to tell what is not true, it is better to tell -falsehoods which no one can believe. Now I am certain that children at -the age of four would not believe "Gille Callum's" lies, and would -understand at once that they were all for fun, and still it would have -the effect of setting them a-thinking, perhaps more than had it been -sober truth. - -The following I have frequently heard:-- - - H'uid, uid eachan, - C'ait am bi sinn nochdan, - Ann am baile Pheairtean, - Ciod a gheibh sinn ann, - Aran agus leann, - 'S crap an cul a chinn, - 'S chead dachaidh. - -_Huid, uid_ is used in Perthshire for making horses run. The boy is set -astride on a man's knee, which is kept in motion like a trotting horse. -Stretching both his hands, the boy, in imagination, is trotting to -Perth, where he expects bread and ale; and as a finish to the whole, a -knock on the back of the head, and leave to go home. Many a hearty laugh -have I seen boys enjoy when they got the knock on the head. Another -is--seizing a child's hand, and beginning at the thumb giving the -following names--"_Ordag, colgag, meur fad, Mac Nab, rag mhearlach nan -caorach 's nan gobhar, cuir gad ris, cuir gad ris._" Reaching the small -finger, the thief is seized and severely scourged with the rod, and a -roar of laughter is raised by the youngsters. Placing a child between -the knees and slowly placing the one foot before another with the -following words, is another-- - - Cia mar theid na coin do n' mhuileann - Mar sud, 's mar so, - 'S bheir iad ullag as a phoc so, - 'S ullag as a phoc sin, - -And then moving them quicker-- - - 'S thig iad dachaidh air an trot, - Trit, trot, dhachaidh. - -_Ullag_ means the quantity of meal raised by the three fingers. What a -glee of hilarity is raised when the quick motion commences? - -The following is a very imaginative piece, descriptive of a flighty -individual who proposes to do more than he can accomplish:-- - - Cheann a'n Tobermhuire Head in Tobermory, - 'S a chollainn 's a Chrianan, Body in Crianan, - Cas a'm Boad hoi-e, Foot in Boad (Bute) hoi-e, - 'S a chas eil a'n Grianaig Other foot in Grianaig (Greenock). - -It is a most melancholy fact, that at present there is a combined and a -determined effort put forth to banish the native language, and the -native melodies of the Gael entirely from the country, and to bring the -whole population under the sway of the artificial language taught in our -schools, and of its artificial melodies. The foreigner represents our -language as low and vulgar, quite destitute of the sterling qualities -peculiar to his own; and consequently not deserving either to be held -fast, or to be worthy of attentive study. And in order that he may be -the more successful in his effort, he pretends to be our greatest, our -only friend; heartily disposed to make us learned, wealthy and -honourable, yes, and, of course, pious too. I say to him at once, -without any ceremony, keep back, sir, give over your fallacious, your -blustering bombast, we know the hollowness of your pretensions. The Gael -has a language and melodies already, superior to any that you can give -him, and would you attempt to rob him of his birthright and inheritance, -which is dear to him as his heart's blood? Every true friend of the Gael -would certainly give him a good English education; but instead of doing -away with his own language and melodies, it would be such an English -education as would ground him more than ever in a knowledge of his own. -Is it not an acknowledged fact that, there is nothing that grounds -students more thoroughly in a knowledge of a language than to translate -it from his own. This mode of teaching is perhaps more troublesome to -schoolmasters at first, but when once fairly tried and put in practice, -it will, without doubt, be the most agreeable and the most successful -part of their work, and would not have such a deadening effect, either -upon their own minds, or upon those of their scholars. - - ARCHD. FARQUHARSON. - -ISLAND OF TIREE. - - - - -THE HARP BRINGETH JOY UNTO ME. - - - O autumn! to me thou art dearest, - Thou bringest deep thoughts to me now, - For the leaves in the forest are searest, - And the foliage falls from each bough. - - And then as the day was declining, - While nature was wont to repose, - A sage on his harp was reclining - Who sang of Lochaber's bravoes. - - He played and he sang of their glory, - Their deeds which the ages admire; - Then softly, then wildly, their story - He told on the strings of his lyre. - - While praise on the heroes he lavished, - And lauded their triumphs again, - A maid came a-list'ning, enravished-- - Enrapt by his charming refrain. - - O! bright were the beams of her smiling, - I sigh for the peace on her brow, - Not a trace on her features of guiling, - My heart singeth songs to her now. - - Inspired by the rapturous measure, - This fair one skipt over the lea: - One morning I sought the young treasure, - Now dear as my soul she's to me. - - DONALD MACGREGOR. - Member of the Gaelic Society of London. - - - - -THE HIGHLAND CEILIDH. - -(CONTINUED.) - - -"_Oh! nach be 'n ceatharnach am fleasgach, bu mhor am beud cuir as da -gun chothrom na Feinne_" (Ah! what a valiant youth, it would be a pity -to extinguish him without according him Fingalian fair play), shouted -several voices at once. "Did you ever hear the story about Glengarry and -his old castle, when he was buried alive with Macranuil under the -foundation?" asked _Alastair Mac Eachain Duibh_. "I heard it, when, last -year in Strathglass, and you shall hear it." At this stage "Norman" -exhibited signs of his intention to go away for the night, when several -members of the circle, backed up by the old bard, requested the favour -of one more story ere he departed. Norman would rather hear _Alastair's_ -story of Glengarry, and would wait for it. "No, no," exclaimed -_Alastair_, "you can have my story any time; let us have one more from -Norman before he leaves, and I will give mine afterwards, for he may -never come back to see us again." "That I will," says Norman, "as often -as I can, for I have just found out a source of enjoyment and amusement -which I did not at all expect to meet with in this remote corner of the -country. However, to please you, I'll give you a story about Castle -Urquhart; and afterwards recite a poem of my own composition on the -Castle, and on the elopement of Barbara, daughter of Grant of Grant, -with Colin Mackenzie, "High-Chief of Kintail." - -Glen Urquhart, where Castle Urquhart is situated, is one of the -most beautiful of our Highland valleys, distant from Inverness some -fourteen miles, and expands first from the waters of Loch Ness into a -semicircular plain, divided into fields by hedgerows, and having its -hillsides beautifully diversified by woods and cultivated grounds. The -valley then runs upwards some ten miles to Corriemonie, through a tract -of haughland beautifully cultivated, and leading to a rocky pass or -gorge half-way upwards or thereabouts, which, on turning an inland -valley, as it were, is attained, almost circular, and containing Loch -Meiglie, a beautiful small sheet of water, the edges of which are -studded with houses, green lawns, and cultivated grounds. Over a -heathy ridge, beyond these two or three miles, we reach the flat of -Corriemonie, adorned by some very large ash and beech trees, where the -land is highly cultivated, at an elevation of eight or nine hundred feet -above, and twenty-five miles distant from, the sea. At the base of -Mealfourvonie, a small circular lake of a few acres in extent exists, -which was once thought to be unfathomable, and to have a subterranean -communication with Loch Ness. From it flows the Aultsigh Burn, a -streamlet which, tumbling down a rocky channel, at the base of one of -the grandest frontlets of rock in the Highlands, nearly fifteen hundred -feet high, empties itself into Loch Ness within three miles of -Glenmoriston. Besides the magnificent and rocky scenery to be seen in -the course of this burn, it displays, at its mouth, an unusually -beautiful waterfall, and another about two miles further up, shaded with -foliage of the richest colour. A tributary of the Coiltie, called the -Dhivach, amid beautiful and dense groves of birch, displays a waterfall, -as high and picturesque as that of Foyers; and near the source of the -Enneric river, which flows from Corriemonie into the still waters of -Loch Meigle, another small, though highly picturesque cascade, called -the Fall of Moral, is to be seen. Near it, is a cave large enough to -receive sixteen or twenty persons. Several of the principal gentlemen of -the district concealed themselves here from the Hanoverian troops during -the troubles of the '45. - -On the southern promontory of Urquhart Bay are the ruins of the Castle, -rising over the dark waters of the Loch, which, off this point, is 125 -fathoms in depth. The castle has the appearance of having been a strong -and extensive building. The mouldings of the corbel table which remain -are as sharp as on the day they were first carved, and indicate a date -about the beginning of the 14th century. The antiquary will notice a -peculiar arrangement in the windows for pouring molten lead on the heads -of the assailants. It overhangs the lake, and is built on a detached -rock separated from the adjoining hill, at the base of which it lies, by -a moat of about twenty-five feet deep and sixteen feet broad. The rock -is crowned by the remains of a high wall or curtain, surrounding the -building, the principal part of which, a strong square keep of three -storeys, is still standing, surmounted by four square hanging turrets. -This outward wall encloses a spacious yard, and is in some places -terraced. In the angles were platforms for the convenience of the -defending soldiery. The entrance was by a spacious gateway between two -guard rooms, projected beyond the general line of the walls, and was -guarded by more than one massive portal and a huge portcullis to make -security doubly sure. These entrance towers were much in the style of -architecture peculiar to the Castles of Edward I. of England, and in -front of them lay the drawbridge across the outer moat. The whole works -were extensive and strong, and the masonry was better finished than is -common in the generality of Scottish strongholds. - -The first siege Urquhart Castle is known to have sustained was in the -year 1303, when it was taken by the officers of Edward I. who were sent -forward by him, to subdue the country, from Kildrummie near Nairn, -beyond which he did not advance in person, and of all the strongholds in -the north, it was that which longest resisted his arms. - -Alexander de Bois, the brave governor and his garrison, were put to the -sword. Sir Robert Lauder of Quarrelwood in Morayshire, governor of the -Castle in A.D. 1334, maintained it against the Baliol faction. His -daughter, marrying the Earl of Strathglass, the offspring of their -union, Sir Robert Chisholm of that Ilk, became Laird of Quarrelwood in -right of his grandfather. After this period it is known to have been a -Royal fort or garrison; but it is very likely it was so also at the -commencement of the 14th century, and existed, as such, in the reigns of -the Alexanders and other Scottish sovereigns, and formed one of a chain -of fortresses erected for national defence, and for insuring internal -peace. In 1359 the barony and the Castle of Urquhart were disponed by -David II. to William, Earl of Sutherland, and his son John. In 1509 it -fell into the hands of the chief of the Clan Grant, and in that family's -possession it has continued to this day. - -How it came into the possession of John Grant the 10th Laird, surnamed -the "Bard," is not known; but it was not won by the broadsword, from -Huntly, the Lieutenant-General of the king. It has been the boast of the -chiefs of the Clan Grant that no dark deeds of rapine and blood have -been transmitted to posterity by any of their race. Their history is -unique among Highland clans, in that, down to the period of the -disarming after Culloden, the broadswords of the Grants were as spotless -as a lady's bodkin. True it is, there were some dark deeds enacted -between the Grants of Carron and Ballindalloch; and at the battles of -Cromdale and Culloden, the Grants of Glenmoriston were present, but far -otherwise was the boast of the Grants of Strathspey--a gifted ancestry -seemed to transmit hereditary virtues, and each successive scion of the -house seemed to emulate the peaceful habits of his predecessor. That -this amiable life did not conceal craven hearts is abundantly evident -from the history of our country. There is a continual record of gallant -deeds and noble bearing in their records down to the present time, and -there are few families whose names, like the Napiers and the Grants, are -more conspicuous in our military annals. But their rise into a powerful -clan was due to the more peaceful gifts, of "fortunate alliances," and -"Royal bounties." - -It is much to be regretted that so little has been transmitted to -posterity of the history of this splendid ruin of Castle Urquhart. - -The probability is that it is connected with many a dark event over -which the turbulence of the intervening period and the obscurity of its -situation have cast a shade of oblivion. - -The most prominent part of the present mass, the fine square tower of -the north-eastern extremity of the building is supposed to have been the -keep, and is still pretty entire. From this point, the view is superb. -It commands Loch Ness from one end to the other, and is an object on -which the traveller fixes an admiring gaze as the steamer paddles her -merry way along the mountain-shadowed water. On a calm day the dashing -echo of the Fall of Foyers bursts fitfully across the Loch, and when the -meridian sun lights up the green earth after a midsummer shower, a -glimpse of the distant cataract may be occasionally caught, slipping -like a gloriously spangled avalanche to the dark depths below. "My -story," said Norman, "in which the castle was the principal scene of -action is quite characteristic of the times referred to. A gentleman of -rank who had been out with the Prince and had been wounded at Culloden, -found himself on the evening of that disastrous day, on the banks of the -river Farigaig, opposite Urquhart Castle. He had been helped so far by -two faithful retainers, one of whom, a fox-hunter, was a native of the -vale of Urquhart. This man, perceiving the gentleman was unable to -proceed further, and seeing a boat moored to the shore, proposed that -they should cross to the old Castle, in a vault of which, known only to -a few of the country people, they might remain secure from all pursuit. -The hint was readily complied with, and, in less than a couple of hours, -they found themselves entombed in the ruins of Urquhart Castle, where -sleep shortly overpowered them, and, the sun was high in the heavens -next day ere any of them awoke. The gentleman's wound having been -partially dressed, the fox-hunter's comrade yawningly observed 'that a -bit of something to eat would be a Godsend.' 'By my troth it would,' -said the fox-hunter, 'and if my little Mary knew aught of poor _Eoghainn -Brocair's_ (Ewan the fox-hunter) plight, she would endeavour to relieve -him though Sassenach bullets were flying about her ears.' 'By heaven! -our lurking-place is discovered!' whispered the gentleman, 'do you not -observe a shadow hovering about the entrance.' ''Tis the shadow of a -friend' replied the _Brocair_; and in an instant a long-bodied, -short-legged Highland terrier sprung into the vault. '_Craicean, a -dhuine bhochd_,' said the overjoyed fox-hunter, hugging the faithful -animal to his bosom, 'this is the kindest visit you ever paid me.' As -soon as the shades of evening had darkened their retreat, _Eoghainn_ -untied his garter, and binding it round the dog's neck, caressed him, -and pointing up the Glen, bade him go and bring the _Brocair_ some food. -The poor terrier looked wistfully in his face, and with a shake of his -tail, quietly took his departure. In about four hours '_Craicean_' -reappeared and endeavoured by every imaginable sign to make _Eoghainn_ -follow him outside. With this the _Brocair_ complied, but in a few -seconds he re-entered accompanied by another person. _Eoghainn_ having -covered the only entrance to the cave with their plaids, struck a light -and introduced, to his astonished friends, his betrothed young Mary -Maclauchlan. The poor girl had understood by the garter which bound the -terrier's neck, and which she herself had woven, that her _Eoghainn_ was -in the neighbourhood, and hastened to his relief with all the ready -provision she could procure; and not least, in the estimation of at -least two of the fugitives, the feeling maiden had brought them a sip of -unblemished whisky. In this manner they had been supplied with aliment -for some time, when one night their fair visitor failed to come as -usual. This, though it created no immediate alarm, somewhat astonished -them; but when the second night came and neither Mary nor her shaggy -companion arrived, _Eoghainn's_ uneasiness, on Mary's account, overcame -every other feeling, and, in spite of all remonstrance, he ventured -forth, in order to ascertain the cause of her delay. The night was dark -and squally, and _Eoghainn_ was proceeding up his native glen like one -who felt that the very sound of his tread might betray him to death. -With a beating heart he had walked upwards of two miles, when his ears -were saluted with the distant report of a musket. Springing aside he -concealed himself in a thicket which overhung the river. Here he -remained but a very short time when he was joined by the _Craicean_ -dragging after him a cord, several yards in length. This circumstance -brought the cold sweat from the brow of the _Brocair_. He knew that -their enemies were in pursuit of them, that the cord had been affixed to -the dogs neck in order that he might lead to their place of concealment; -and alas! _Eoghainn_ feared much that his betrothed was at the mercy of -his pursuers. What was to be done? The moment was big with fate, but he -was determined to meet it like a man. Cutting the cord and whispering to -the terrier, "_cul mo chois_" (back of my heel) he again ventured to the -road and moved warily onward. On arriving at an old wicker-wrought barn, -he saw a light streaming from it, when creeping towards it, he observed -a party of the enemy surrounding poor Mary Maclauchlan, who was, at the -moment, undergoing a close examination by their officer. 'Come girl,' -said he, 'though that blind rascal has let your dog escape, who would -certainly have introduced us to the rebels, _you_ will surely consult -your own safety by guiding me to the spot; nay, I know you will, here is -my purse in token of my future friendship, and in order to conceal your -share in the transaction you and I shall walk together to a place where -you may point me out the lurking place of these fellows, and leave the -rest to me; and do you,' continued he, turning to his party, 'remain all -ready until you hear a whistle, when instantly make for the spot.' The -_Brocair_ crouched, as many a time he did, but never before did his -heart beat at such a rate. As the officer and his passive guide took the -road to the old Castle, _Eoghainn_ followed close in their wake, and, -when they had proceeded about a mile from the barn, they came upon the -old hill road when Mary made a dead halt, as if quite at a loss how to -act. 'Proceed, girl,' thundered the officer, 'I care not one farthing -for my own life, and if you do not instantly conduct me to the spot -where the bloody rebels are concealed, this weapon,' drawing his sword -'shall, within two minutes, penetrate your cunning heart.' The poor girl -trembled and staggered as the officer pointed his sword to her bosom, -when the voice of _Eoghainn_ fell on his ear like the knell of death, -'Turn your weapon this way, brave sir,' said the _Brocair_, 'Turn it -this way,' and in a moment the officer and his shivered sword lay at his -feet. 'Oh, for heaven's sake,' screamed the fainting girl, 'meddle not -with his life.' 'No, no, Mary; I shall not dirty my hands in his blood. -I have only given him the weight of my oak sapling, so that he may sleep -soundly till we are safe from the fangs of his bloodhounds.' That very -night the fugitives left Urquhart Castle and got safe to the forests of -Badenoch, where they skulked about with Lochiel and his few followers -until the gentleman escaped to France, when _Eoghainn Brocair_ and his -companion ventured once more, as they themselves expressed it, 'to the -communion of Christians.' The offspring of the _Brocair_ and Mary -Maclauchlan are still in Lochaber." - - ALASTAIR OG. - - (_To be Continued._) - - - - - THE LAST OF THE CLAN. - -"_After many years he returned to die._" - - - The last of the clansmen, grey-bearded and hoary, - Sat lone by the old castle's ruin-wrapt shade, - Where proudly his chief in the bloom of his glory - Oft mustered his heroes for battle arrayed: - He wept as he gazed on its beauties departed, - He sighed in despair for its gloom of decay, - Cold-shrouded his soul, and he sung broken-hearted, - With grief-shaking voice a wild woe-sounding lay.-- - "Weary, weary, sad returning, - Exiled long in other climes, - Hope's last flame, slow, feebly burning - Seeks the home of olden times: - In my joy why am I weeping? - Where my kindred? Where my clan? - Whispers from the mountains creeping, - Tell me 'I'm the only man.' - "Yon tempest-starred mountains still loom in their grandeur, - The loud rushing torrents still sweep thro' the glen, - Thro' low-moaning forests dim spirits still wander, - But where are the songs and the voices of men? - Tell me, storied ruins! where, where are their slumbers? - Where now are the mighty no foe could withstand? - The voice of the silence in echoing numbers, - Breathes sadly the tale of fate's merciless hand. - - "Ah me! thro' the black clouds, one star shines in heaven, - And flings o'er the darkness its fast waning light, - 'Tis to me an omen so tenderly given, - Foretelling that soon I will sink in my night: - The coronach slowly again is far pealing! - The grey ghosts of kinsmen I fondly can trace! - Around me they gather! and silent are kneeling, - To gaze in deep sorrow on all of their race! - Slowly, slowly, sadly viewing - With their weird mysterious scan, - Desolation's gloomy ruin! - All of kindred! all of clan! - Ah! my heart, my heart is fainting, - Strangely shaking are my limbs, - Heav'nward see! their fingers pointing, - And my vision trembling swims. - Slowly, slowly, all-pervading, - O'er me steals their chilly breath, - See! the single star is fading, - Ling'ring in the joy of death, - Darkness swiftly o'er me gathers, - Softly fade these visions wan, - Welcome give, ye spirit fathers, - I'm the Last of all the Clan!" - - WM. ALLAN. - - SUNDERLAND. - - - - -_LITERATURE._ - -_BARON BRUNO OR THE UNBELIEVING PHILOSOPHER, AND OTHER FAIRY STORIES._ -_By_ LOUISA MORGAN. Macmillan & Co. - - -WE do not care for Fairy Tales, as a rule, but we have read this book -with genuine pleasure. It is written in a pleasant, easy style, and -though it has the full complement of witchcraft, enchanted princesses, -and, sudden transformations, it deals more with human sympathies and -affections than is usual, in this class of literature. There are five -different stories, of which the scene of two is laid in Germany, one in -Denmark, one in Wales, and the other in the Highlands of Scotland. Baron -Bruno, or the Unbelieving Philosopher, is the story of the Prime -Minister at the Grand Ducal Court of Rumple Stiltzein. The Baron is not -only a clever Statesman, but a Philosopher and Astronomer; albeit, a -sceptic in religious matters. He is so wrapt up in his abstruse studies -that he ignores the pleasures of domestic life, and lives a solitary man -without wife or children. At last he begins to feel the loneliness of -his home life, and overcome in spite of himself, he cries aloud--"To you -distant stars! I nightly offer the homage of a constant worshipper; -would that you in return could give me to know the spell of love, and -teach me what it is that inspires the painter, the poet, and the lover." -This impassioned address is immediately answered by the appearance of a -beautiful maiden, who informs him that she is sent to teach him the -spell of love, and to try to lead him through the influence of human -affections to believe in the immortality of the soul. She becomes his -wife, but exacts a promise from him, that once every month she is to -spend the evening hours in undisturbed solitude, as her life depends on -the strict observance of this. She also tells him that if he doubts her -faith even for a moment she will have to leave him and return to her -celestial home. They live happily for a time, but at length, through the -machinations of a wicked Countess Olga, a spinster of uncertain age, who -had hoped to have gained the Baron for herself, he becomes uneasy, and -one night is so worked upon by the wily insinuations of the spiteful -Countess, and irritated at the non-appearance of his wife at a Grand -State Ball, that he rushes home in a frenzy of suspicion, and regardless -of his promise, breaks in on the Baroness' seclusion. The result is -disastrous, the child dies and his wife returns to her starry home; but -her mission is fulfilled, for over the death-bed of his infant--a scene -full of pathos--his heart softens and he avows his belief. This story is -capitally told, and considerable humour is displayed in the account of a -grand Court Dinner, at which the young Prince and his mischievous -companions amuse themselves by sticking burrs on the footmen's silk -stockings, much to the discomfiture of the poor flunkeys, the dismay of -the high officials, and the indignation of the Grand Duke. - -"Esgair: The Bride of Llyn Idwyl," is founded on an old Welsh Legend, -and is a graceful, though rather weird story. "Eothwald, the young -sculptor," tells how a Mermaiden was wooed and won, but in Eothwald's -breast the artist was stronger than the lover, and the poor Mermaid died -broken-hearted. - -"Fido and Fidunia" is the longest of the tales, and will, we think, be -the favourite with young folks. Fido is the very embodiment of canine -sagacity, and poor, plain, unsophisticated Fidunia is a well drawn -character, though she seems to be rather hardly dealt by. There is one -thing which may be considered a defect in this otherwise charming book; -all the heroines, though amiable and faultless, come to a sad end. They -are made the scapegoats of their masculine companions. Though this is -too often the case in real life, it is much more pleasant in a Fairy -Tale, that all the amiable characters should be married and "live happy -ever after." - -Eudæmon, the hero of the Highland story, is the son of Valbion, the wild -sea-king, who has deserted him and his mother. Eudæmon, as may be -supposed from his mixed parentage, is a singular being, living a -hermit-like life in the lonely Castle Brochel, on the Island of Raasay. -Carefully educated by his mother, he knows all the medicinal properties -of herbs and minerals. This, combined with magic lore inherited from his -father, enables him to perform such wonderful cures that he is known far -and wide as "The Enchanter of the North." His fame reaches the Lowlands, -where lives a beautiful princess, afflicted, through the magical spells -of Valbion, with dumbness. Her parents bring her to Castle Brochel in -the hope that Eudæmon may work her cure. He begins by teaching her the -game of chess, and then tries the power of music. This enables her to -sing but not to speak. To complete the cure it is necessary that she -should visit the abode of the powerful Valbion himself in the mysterious -submerged halls of Thuisto--an expedition fraught with great danger; and -which, though it proves the means of restoring speech to the princess, -proves fatal to Eudæmon, through the indiscretion of the Queen. The poor -Princess in gaining the use of her tongue loses her heart, and, like a -second Ophelia, goes distracted, for the loss of her lover. - -The following is given as the Highland Legend of Castle Brochel, on -which the story is founded:-- - - On the eastern side of the Isle of Raasay there still stands a lonely - ruin known as Castle Brochel. Parched upon precipitous rocks at the - very verge of the ocean, it is easy to imagine how, armed and - provisioned, this fortress held its own amid the perpetual warfare of - early Celtic times. Castle Brochel has always borne a doubtful - reputation. According to tradition, it was originally built with the - price of blood, for the ancient legend runs somewhat after this - fashion. Shiel Torquil went forth with his dogs one morning to hunt - the red deer on the wild mountains Blaven and Glamaig, in the - neighbouring Island of Skye. Sheil Torquil had with him only one - retainer, but he was a host in himself, being surnamed, from his - immense size and strength, the Gillie More. After some time they - sighted a stag. In the ardour of the chase the dogs soon ran out of - sight, pursuing their quarry towards the shore at Sligachan. Now it - so happened that the young Kreshinish in his galley was anchored on - that side of the island within sight of the beach. He saw the hunted - animal about to take to the water, and swim, as deer are often known - to do, across the narrow strait which lies between Skye and Raasay. - Kreshinish and his men at once landed and took possession, not only - of the stag itself, but of the dogs which, panting and exhausted, - were unable to offer any resistance. Shiel Torquil presently appeared - on the scene and angrily asked for his deer and his hounds. - Kreshinish refused to deliver them up. A bloody struggle ensued, - during which the Gillie More inflicted a fatal wound upon the - ill-fated young chieftain who unwittingly (at first) had interfered - with the sports of another. This brought the affray to a speedy - conclusion, and Shiel Torquil with his follower carried off deer and - dogs in triumph. Not long after this the poor old father of - Kreshinish came to Skye to seek for the murderer of his son, and - publicly offered the reward of a bag of silver to any one who would - show him the guilty man. The Gillie More, hearing of the promised - guerdon, boldly entered the presence of the elder Kreshinish. - Confessing that he himself had slain the youthful chieftain, he urged - in self-defence the young man's overbearing conduct in attempting to - carry off Shiel Torquil's stag-hounds and game. The bereaved father, - obliged by the stringent laws of Highland honour to fulfil his solemn - promise, reluctantly bestowed the bag of silver on the very man who - had cut off his only child in the early bloom of manhood. The Gillie - More, however, haunted by remorse, and still fearing the avenger's - footstep, entreated his master to accept the money and build - therewith a retreat for them both. Shiel Torquil granted his - henchman's request. After some time spent in searching for a suitable - site, they at last selected the wild easterly shore of Raasay. Here - were speedily raised the frowning walls of Castle Brochel. Secured - from sudden attack by the inaccessible situation of their refuge, the - Gillie More and his master lived in peace for many years. Their - retired habits, and their dislike to intruders, coupled with this - strange tale of robbery and murder, caused the Castle, though - newly-built, to be regarded with no friendly eye. When they died, it - was left untenanted for a considerable time. Many reports were - circulated concerning the strange sights and sounds to be seen and - heard at the eerie hour of twilight, or amid the silent watches of - the night, by the belated traveller who chanced to pass that way by - sea or by land. At the period of which we speak, Castle Brochel had, - however, for some time been inhabited by a being whose origin was - partially shrouded in mystery, the gloomy Eudæmon, known as the - "Enchanter of the North." - -It will be seen that our author is ignorant of the Gaelic language; for -she thinks _Shiel Torquil_--or correctly, _Siol Torquil_--is a proper -name, and applies it to a person, instead of a sept or branch of the -Macleods. She is also defective in her knowledge of Hebridean geography. -Old _Kreshinish_--correctly _Grishernish_--comes _to_ Skye, while we all -know the place, and the man, who was called after it, to be _in_ Skye. - -We are divulging no secret however, in stating that, although the author -appears to be but indifferently acquainted with the Highlands, she is of -Highland extraction. And now that the connection is re-established by -her brother, John Darroch, Esq., by his recent purchase of the Estate of -Torridon, she will enjoy better opportunities of making herself more -fully acquainted with the country of her ancestors. - -The book is beautifully illustrated by R. Caldecott. - - - LOGAN'S SCOTTISH GAEL.--This publication, by Hugh Mackenzie, Bank - Lane, has reached the fourth part. In the third we have coloured and - well executed plates of the Bonnets of the Highlanders, and the - Sporans of the different Highland Regiments; after which we have an - account of the peculiar Oaths of the Gael; the Chief's Body Guard; - Mode of Drawing up the Highland Armies; Right of certain Clans to - certain positions; Military tactics and Mode of Attack; Valour of the - Celtic Females; Duties of the Bards; Origin, Adaptation to the - country, and Equity of Clanship; Fosterage; Mode of Electing Chiefs, - and Titles of Celtic Nobility; Origin of Feudal Tenures; Creachs; - Blackmail; &c., &c. Part four treats of Gaelic Law and Law Terms; - Judges; Punishments; Manner of Dress; Painting the Body; Animal's - Skins; Origin of Clan Tartans; Native Dyes; Costumes; Bonnet; Shield - Ornaments; Women's Dress; Defensive Armour; Mail and Helmets; - Shields, and other interesting matter. Great credit is due to the - publisher for the expeditious progress he is making in bringing out - the work. - - - * * * * * - - -TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES - -The following amendments to the text have been made: - -p. 164 "consumate" changed to "consummate"; "neice" changed to "niece"; - -p. 180 "inseperable" changed to "inseparable"; - -p. 181 double quotes in front of "Ghaoil" deleted; "S tu" changed to "'S -tu"; - -p. 183 closing quotes added after "och mise"; - -p. 192 "abtruse" changed to "abstruse"; - -p. 194 comma after "work" changed to full stop. - - -The spellings "Inverary" and "Inveraray", "Shiel" and "Sheil" appear in -this text. - -The spelling "Conceive" on p. 167 has been left unchanged. - -There should probably be an extra double quotation mark after "High-Chief -of Kintail" on p. 186, but no addition has been made. - -"Picheqru" on p. 178 should probably be "Pichegru" but has been left -unchanged. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, -April 1886, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** - -***** This file should be named 40323-8.txt or 40323-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/3/2/40323/ - -Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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April 1876. @@ -163,53 +163,7 @@ table { </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April -1886, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April 1886 - A Monthly Periodical Devoted to the Literature, History, - Antiquities, Folk Lore, Traditions, and the Social and - Material Interests of the Celt at Home and Abroad - -Author: Various - -Editor: Alexander Mackenzie - Alexander Macgregor - Alexander Macbain - -Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40323] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** - - - - -Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - - - - - -</pre> - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40323 ***</div> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[Pg 163]</a></span></p> <p class="gap"></p> @@ -2068,383 +2022,6 @@ unchanged.</p> </div></div> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, -April 1886, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** - -***** This file should be named 40323-h.htm or 40323-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/3/2/40323/ - -Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, April 1886 - A Monthly Periodical Devoted to the Literature, History, - Antiquities, Folk Lore, Traditions, and the Social and - Material Interests of the Celt at Home and Abroad - -Author: Various - -Editor: Alexander Mackenzie - Alexander Macgregor - Alexander Macbain - -Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40323] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** - - - - -Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - - - - - - - - -THE CELTIC MAGAZINE. - -No. VI. APRIL 1876. - - - - -THE MASSACRE OF GLENCOE. - -[CONTINUED.] - - -Stair meanwhile had made up his mind, and through his influence the -certificate of MacIan having signed his allegiance was suppressed, and -on the 11th of January, and afterwards on the 16th, instructions signed -and countersigned by the King came forth in which the inhabitants of -Glencoe were expressly exempted from the pardon given to the other -clans, and extreme measures ordered against them. A letter was sent by -Lord Stair to Colonel Hill commanding him to execute the purposes of the -Government, but he showed such reluctance that the commission was given -to one Colonel Hamilton instead, who had no scruples. He was ordered to -take a detachment of 120 men, chiefly belonging to a clan regiment -levied by Argyle, and consequently animated by bitter feudal animosity -towards the Macdonalds. - -Towards the close of January a company of armed Highlanders appear -wending their way toward the opening of the Valley of Glencoe. The -Macdonalds, fearing they have come for their arms, send them away to a -place of concealment, and then came forth to meet the strangers. They -find it is a party of Argyle's soldiers, commanded by Captain Campbell -of Glenlyon, whose niece (a sister by the way of Rob Roy) is married to -Alastair Macdonald, one of MacIan's sons. They ask if they have come as -friends or foes. They reply, as friends, but as the garrison at -Fort-William is crowded they had been sent to quarter themselves for a -few days at Glencoe. They are received with open arms, feuds are -forgotten, and for a fortnight all is harmony and even hilarity in the -hamlet. - - Loud in all the clustering cottages - Rose sounds of melody and voice of mirth; - The measured madness of the dance is there, - And the wild rapture of the feast of shells. - Warm hands are clasped to hands that firm reply, - And friendship glows and brightens into love. - -Thus for a fortnight matters go on, when on the 1st of February orders -are issued by Hamilton to his subordinate, Major Duncanson, fixing five -o'clock next morning for the slaughter of all the Macdonalds under -seventy, and enjoining the various detachments of men to be at their -posts by that hour to secure the passes of the glen that not one of the -doomed race might escape. Especial care was to be taken that the old -fox and his cubs should not escape, and that (what cool but hellish -words), "that the Government was not to be troubled with prisoners." -These fell orders Duncanson handed on to Glenlyon, who gladly received -and proceeded to carry them into execution with prompt and portentous -fidelity. - -With such injunctions in his pocket, Glenlyon proceeded to act the Judas -part with consummate skill. He supped and played at cards, on the -evening of the 12th, with John and Alexander Macdonald--two of his -intended victims; and he and his lieutenant (Lindsay) accepted an -invitation to dine with old MacIan for the next day. At five o'clock on -the morning of the 13th Hamilton hoped to have secured all the eastern -passes to prevent the escape of any fugitives, but, at all events, then -must Glenlyon begin his work of death. - -All now is silent over the devoted hamlet. All are sleeping with the -exception of the two sons of MacIan, who had been led to entertain some -suspicions that all was not right. They had observed that the sentinels -had been doubled and the guard increased. Some of the soldiers too had -been heard muttering their dislike to the treacherous task to which they -had been commissioned. The Macdonalds, in alarm, came to Glenlyon's -quarters a little after midnight, and found him preparing, along with -his men, for immediate service. They asked him what was the meaning of -all this, and he, with dauntless effrontery, replied that he and his men -were intending an expedition against Glengarry, and added, "If anything -had been intended do you think I would not have told Alastair here and -my niece." The young men are only half satisfied, but return, although -grumblingly, to their own dwellings. - -Over the valley, meanwhile, a snowstorm has begun to fall, but does not -come to its full height till farther on in the morning. The voice of the -Cona is choked in ice. The great heights behind the Sinai of Scotland -are silent, they have no thunders to forewarn, no lightnings to avenge. -MacIan himself is sleeping the deep sleep of innocence and security. The -fatigues and miseries of his journey to Fort-William and Inverary all -forgotten. Is there no wail of ghost, no cry of spirit coronach, none of -those earnest whispers which have been heard among the hills at dead of -night, and piercing the darkness with prophecies of fate? We know not, -and had there been such warning sounds they had given their oracle in -vain. - -Suddenly, at five precisely, a knock is heard at MacIan's door. It is -opened immediately, and the old man bustles up to dress himself, and to -order refreshments for his visitors. Look at him as he stands at the -threshold of his door, clad in nothing but his shirt, and his long grey -hair, with looks of friendship and a cup of welcome trembling in his old -hand; and see his wife has half risen behind him to salute the incomers. -Without a moment's warning, without a preliminary word, he is shot dead -and falls back into her arms. She is next assailed, stript naked, the -gold rings, from her fingers torn off by the teeth of the soldiers, and -then she is struck and trampled on till she is left for dead on the -ground, and next day actually dies. All the clansmen and servants in -the same house are massacred, all save one, an old domestic and a -_sennachie_. He has been unable to sleep all night with melancholy -thoughts, and falling into a deep sleep ere morning is roused by a -horrible dream, leaves the hamlet, dashes through the door, dirks in -vain striking at his shadow, and hands trying in vain to seize his -plaid, he runs to the hut where the two brothers are lying and cries -out, like screams of Banshie through the night, "Is it time for you to -be sleeping while your father is murdered on his own hearth?" - -They arise in haste, make for the mountains, and by their knowledge of -the dark and devious paths through that horrible wilderness, are enabled -to escape. From every house and hut there now rise shrieks, shouts, -groans, and blasphemies, the roar of muskets, the cries of men, women, -and children blended into one harmony of hell! The snow is now falling -thick, and is darkening more the dark February morning. Led through the -gloom, as if following the lurid eyes of some demoniac being, the -soldiers find their way from house to house, from one cluster of -cottages to another, rush in, seize their victims, drag them out, and -shoot them dead. In Glenlyon's own quarters nine men, including his own -landlord, are bound and shot, one of them with General Hill's passport -in his pocket. A boy of twelve clings to Glenlyon's knees asking for -mercy and offering to be his servant for life, when one Drummond stabbed -him with his dirk as he was uttering a prayer by which even Glenlyon was -affected. At Auchnain, a hamlet up the glen, Sergeant Barbour and his -troops came upon a party of nine men sitting round a fire, and slew -eight of them. The owner of the house in which Barbour had been -quartered was not hurt, and requested to die in the open air. "For your -bread which we have ate," said the Sergeant, "I will grant your -request." He was taken out accordingly, but while the soldiers were -presenting their muskets he threw his plaid over their faces, broke away -and escaped up the valley. - -Thirty-eight persons in all, including one or two women and a little -boy, were put to death, but, besides, many who are supposed to have -perished in the drifts. The murderers, after massacring the inmates, set -the dwellings on fire; and how ghastly and lurid, especially to those -who had escaped up the glen, perhaps as far as those mountains called -the Three Sisters, bound to-day together by a band of virgin snow, must -have seemed the effect of the flames flashing against the white of the -hills, and which they knew were fed and fattened by the blood of their -kindred! Many fled half naked into the storm, and through profound -wreaths of snow, and over savage precipices, reached places of safety. -The snow now avails more to save than to destroy since on account of it, -Hamilton with his 400 men was too late to stop the eastern passes -through which many made their escape. Had he come up in time every soul -had perished. When he arrived at eleven there was not a Macdonald alive -in the glen except one old man of eighty, whose worm-like writhings -prove him still alive-- - - One stab, one groan, and the tremendous deed - Of massacre is done, at which the heath - Which waves o'er all the Highland hills shall blush, - And torrents wail for ages, ghosts shall shriek, - Hell tremble through its dayless depths, and Heaven - Weep, and while weeping grasp its thunderbolts. - Beware Glenlyon's blood at _you_ they're armed! - Beware the curse of God and of Glencoe! - -The allusion in this last line is to a story told by Stewart of Garth in -his "History of the Highland Regiments," and on which a ballad by a -deceased poet, B. Symmons, an Irishman of great genius, was founded, and -appeared originally in _Blackwood's Magazine_. There was a brave -officer, Colonel Campbell of Glenlyon, the grandson of the ruffian who -disgraced the Campbell name and human nature at Glencoe. A curse was -supposed to rest upon the family, and the lands of Glenlyon departed -rood by rood from his descendants. The grandson, however, was brought up -by a pious mother, entered the army, and became a prosperous officer. He -was pursuing his profession in Canada when a romantic circumstance -occurred. A young man named Ronald Blair, a private of excellent -character and true courage, was stationed as a sentinel on an outpost. -He loved an Indian maid who came eve after eve to meet him at his post, -steering up the St Lawrence her lonely canoe. One night as she left him -a storm raged on the waters and exposed her and her bark to imminent -jeopardy. She shrieked out her lover's name, and called for help. - - The waves have swamped her little boat, - She sinks before his eye, - And he must keep his dangerous post, - And leave her there to die. - - One moment's dreadful strife--love wins, - He plunges in the water, - The moon is out, his strokes are stout, - The swimmer's arm has caught her, - And back he bears with gasping heart - The forest's matchless daughter. - -Meanwhile the picket pass and find his post deserted, and, of course, -his life forfeited. He is condemned to die, and Colonel Campbell is -appointed to superintend his execution. The circumstances transpire. A -reprieve is sent by the commanding officer with secret orders, however, -that the sentence be pushed on to all but the last, and not till the -prisoner's prayers are over, and the death fillet bound, is the pardon -to be produced. - - The morrow came, the evening sun - Was sinking red and cold, - When Ronald Blair a league from camp - Was led erect and bold, - To die a soldier's death, while low - The funeral drum was rolled. - -The musketeers advance to ask the signal when they are to shoot, -Campbell tells them, "Reserve your fire till I produce this blue -handkerchief." The prayer is said, the eyes are bound, the doomed -soldier kneels. There is such a silence that a tear might have been -heard falling to the ground. Campbell's heart beats high with joy and -fear to think that by drawing out the pardon in his pocket he is to turn -despair into delight. He keeps his hand a moment longer on the reprieve, -and then draws it forth, but with it drew--O God, the handkerchief; the -soldiers fire, Ronald Blair falls, and his Indian maid is found clasping -his dead body to her breast and dying by his side, and the frenzied -Colonel exclaims--"The Curse of Heaven and of Glencoe is here." - -The troops left the glen with a vast booty--900 kine, 200 ponies, and -many sheep and goats. When they had departed the Macdonalds crept from -their lurking places, went back to the spot, collected the scorched -carcasses from among the ruins, and buried them there. It is said that -the Bard of the Clan took his place on a rock opposite the scene of the -massacre and poured out a lament over his slaughtered kinsmen and their -desolate dwellings. The subject had been worthy of an Ossian. The scene -there is now changed. A house or two only remains where smoked hundreds -of happy hearths. The thistle and the wild myrtle shake their heads in -the winds, and utter their low monody which mingles with, and is swelled -by the voice of the Cona, all seeming to mourn over crime, and to -pronounce for doom. Yet let our conclusion be that of the Judge of the -earth Himself when he says vengeance is mine, I will repay, saith the -Lord, and who mixes mercy with judgment, and makes the wrath of man to -praise him in pardon as well as by punishment. Yet this stupendous crime -was not to pass wholly unpunished. It was a considerable time ere its -particulars and aggravations were fully known. Conceive such an -atrocious massacre perpetrated now! In less than seven days there would -be a cry of vengeance from the Land's End to Caithness. Within a -fortnight demands for the blood of the murderers would be coming in from -every part of the British dominions. In a month the ringleaders would -have been tried, condemned, and hanged, and even Mr Bruce, the late -lenient Secretary of State, would not venture to reprieve one of them. -It was different then. Not a word of it appeared in the meagre -newspapers of that day. Floating rumours there were, but they were all, -in many particular points, wide of the mark, and it was long ere the -particulars condensed into the tragic and terrible tale which is -certainly stranger than fiction. Very little interest was then felt in -Highlands feuds, and as Macaulay truly says, "To the Londoner of those -days Appin was what Caffrarra or Borneo is to us. He was not more moved -by hearing that some Highland thieves had been surprised and killed, -than we are by hearing that a band of Amakosah cattle-stealers had been -cut off, or that a barkful of Malay pirates had been sunk." Gradually, -however, the dark truth came out, and orbed itself into that blood-red -unity of horror, which has since made the firmest nerves to tremble, and -the stoutest knees to shake, which has haunted dreams, inspired poetry, -created new and ghastly shapes of superstition, and which, even yet, as -the solitary traveller is plodding his way amidst the shadows of an -autumn evening, or under the shivering stars of a winter night, can -drench the skin and curdle the blood. No wonder though the actors in the -tragedy felt, in their dire experience afterwards, that the infatuation -of crime dissolves the moment it is perpetrated; that Breadalbane sought -the sons of the murdered MacIan to gain impunity for himself by signing -a document declaring him guiltless; that Glencoe haunted the couch and -clouded the countenance, and shortened the days of Glenlyon. Hamilton -apparently felt no remorse, and his only regret was that any had -escaped, and that a colossal crime had been truncated by some colossal -blunders. He might have said like the Templar in the Talisman, when some -one tells him to tremble, "I cannot if I would." And yet as God comes -often to men without bell, so there might be some secret passage through -which, on noiseless footsteps, remorse might reach even the sullen -chamber of his hardened heart. - -Many lessons might be derived from the whole story, none, after all, -more obvious and none more useful than the old old story of the -desperate wickedness of human nature when unpenetrated by brotherly and -Christian feeling; and that he who has sounded the ocean, the grave, the -deepest and the darkest mountain cavern has yet a deeper deep to fathom -in the abyss of his own heart; and that the moral of the subject may be -yet more briefly condensed in the one grand line which Shelley has -borrowed from Burke:-- - - "To fear ourselves and love all human kind." - - GEO. GILFILLAN. - - - - -PROFESSORSHIP OF CELTIC AT OXFORD.--In a congregation held on Tuesday, -March 7th, a form of statute was promulgated to provide for the -establishment of a Professor of the Celtic languages and literature in -this University. The Principal and Fellows of Jesus College have offered -the sum of L500 annually, to be applied by the University for the -foundation of the professorship, and a further sum of L100 is to be paid -from the University chest, until an equivalent provision is made from -some other source. The statute also provides for the constitution of a -board for electing the professor. Such professor will be required to -reside within the precincts of the University for six months at least, -in each year, between the tenth day of October and the first of July -next following. The professor must apply himself to the study of the -Celtic languages, literature, and antiquities, and give lectures on -those subjects, and also give instruction on the same subject to members -of the University. He is not to hold any other professorship or public -readership in the University. Matters are looking up for the Celtic -languages at last; thanks to the redoubted Professor Blackie. Two Celtic -Professorships are now practically established. We understand that -Charles Mackay, LL.D., F.S.A., the well-known poet, and Celtic scholar, -is a candidate for the Chair. - - -THE PROPHECIES OF COINNEACH ODHAR FIOSAICHE--THE BRAHAN SEER.--John -Noble, bookseller, Inverness, is about to publish those "Prophecies" -in small book form, collected and edited by Alex. Mackenzie of the -_Celtic Magazine_. Some very remarkable instances of second sight by -others than _Coinneach Odhar_ will also be given. Parties forwarding -any _prophecies_ in their possession, or known in their district, to Mr -Noble, or to Mr Mackenzie, will be conferring a favour, and will receive -due acknowledgment. It is desirable to make the work as complete as -possible. - - - - -TEACHING GAELIC IN HIGHLAND SCHOOLS. - - -THIS is a question which has for some time engaged the earnest -consideration of many who are interested in the welfare of the -Highlands. Much has been said and written on the subject; on the one -hand by those who wish to see the language of the inhabitants excluded -from the schools--nay more, use every means at their command, by word -and deed, to extinguish it altogether. They argue that it is better we -should only possess one living language throughout the whole country, -and that, of course, the language of the Legislature, the Courts of -Justice, and of Commerce. No doubt a good deal can be said for this view -of the case, and we shall have something to say regarding it hereafter. -On the other hand, we have those who would have the language cultivated, -supported, and maintained as an active living tongue, spoken by the -Highlander and used in the common conversation and business of life; and -with that object have it taught in our schools just as we teach English. -Others do not exactly go that length. They wish it taught as a Special -Subject only, in the same way, on the same principle, and with the same -encouragement to schoolmasters and pupils that is given in the case of -Latin and Greek, French and German. And last of all, we have those who -only go the length of advocating its use for conveying information to -Gaelic-speaking children regarding what they read in their English -class-books--making it the medium by which the intelligence of the pupil -is appealed to, and so enable him the more easily and speedily to -understand and grasp the substance of his lessons in English, a language -which is to him as much a foreign one as Sanscrit or Hindustani. - -On the present occasion we shall refer more particularly to the -latter--those who wish to give Gaelic the dignity of being taught as a -Special Subject, and those who only wish it applied as a means with -which to reach the intelligence of the child while receiving an English -education. We will admit at the outset, that the primary object of -education in the Highlands, as well as elsewhere, must be to fit the -children for the active duties of after life. We will also admit that a -Gaelic education, however perfect, is not enough for this purpose. If -this be so--and no writer possessed of ordinary common sense can -reasonably dispute it--the teaching of Gaelic in our Highland schools -can be discussed only as a question of secondary importance; unless we -can show that it is through the native language of the scholars that we -can best appeal to their intelligence; and, that while giving Gaelic its -proper place in our system of Highland education, we can also show that -we are taking a more direct and more natural course, in the end, to -secure a more intelligent and vastly superior English education. - -No one approaching the subject with an unprejudiced mind, after giving -the smallest consideration to the subject, can maintain that a system -which wholly ignores the only language known to the child when he enters -school for the first time, can be either a sensible, a reasonable, or a -successful one. It is doubtful if ever such a system was adopted -anywhere else, at home or abroad, out of the Highlands of Scotland, and -the Gaelic-speaking districts of Ireland; but whether, or not, it was -ever adopted in the past we are unable, at the present day, to discover -any trace of such an unnatural, senseless, and, we might say without -exaggeration, idiotic system in any other part of the world. The -disadvantages of such a plan of teaching are so apparent to every one -except those teachers and their friends, who are totally ignorant of the -language of the children they are so well paid to teach and who, from -the manner in which they disregard the necessities of children in -Highland districts, must, we are afraid, be held to place their own -interests and that of their class far above the requirements of the -country; forgetting that the Legislature passed the Education Act not so -much in the interest of teachers as with the view to secure a really -substantial education to the pupils. We much regret that there should be -any necessity to point this out, as the interest of both teachers and -children should be identical; but this clearly cannot be, so long as -teachers maintain and advocate a system contrary to reason and common -sense, and opposed to every system of education throughout the civilized -world; and, indeed, quite the reverse of what they do themselves in the -case of all other languages taught by them, except that of English to -Gaelic-speaking children. When the pupil is sufficiently advanced in -English to justify the teacher in taking up any of the Special Subjects, -does he, for instance, while teaching Latin or Greek, French or German, -begin by throwing aside the knowledge of English already acquired by his -pupil, and commence to teach these foreign languages in the same way -adopted by him in teaching the child English--a language quite as -foreign to him as Latin or Greek, French or German? Does he begin with a -Latin spelling book without any translations in English and teach him -these languages on the same parrot system by which he managed to get him -to pronounce and read English, in most cases without ever having carried -with him the intelligence of his pupils? Not he. He knows better. If he -were foolish enough to teach Latin and other foreign languages in such a -way, he would soon discover that his labours were mainly thrown away, -and that he would earn few special grants by the time his pupils left -him. If it be so very absurd to teach all other languages, on such a -false and ruinous plan, upon what reasonable grounds can the system be -maintained in the case of teaching English to a Gaelic-speaking child? -We are afraid the only valid reason which can be given is,--that our -teachers are, as a rule, quite ignorant of Gaelic, and unable to teach -it; and forsooth! the interests of the rising Gaelic-speaking generation -are to be sacrificed to suit the convenience of those paid officials who -are quite unsuitable, and who should never have been appointed to teach -Highland children until they had acquired a knowledge of the language; -any more than we would think of engaging a teacher innocent of any -knowledge of English to teach foreign languages to a child born and bred -in the Midland Counties of England. Would any one in his senses ever -think or dream of such a proposal? and yet this is what some people -maintain to be the correct thing to do in the Highlands of Scotland. - -Government has already admitted and provided in the Code for testing the -intelligence of the children through their native tongue; but this -concession is quite useless where the teacher is ignorant of Gaelic, and -worse than useless where the examining inspector is positively unable to -test them as provided for by the Education Department. Would it not have -been better still had it made provision to reach and rouse the -intelligence through, and by means of it. The Legislature has also made -other special provisions for the peculiar situation and educational -requirements of the Highlands, and we feel sure, if it can be shown to -be a necessity, that the Education Department will also alter the Code -so as to put teachers who may possibly be kept back a little in the -first two standards, in consequence of any time that may be lost in -teaching Gaelic, in a more favourable position, and so enable them to -draw the same grant as if they devoted their whole time to the exclusive -teaching of English. We feel sure that no one whose opinion is worthy of -the slightest consideration, will, for a moment, attempt to argue -against a system of teaching children through the only language which -they understand. - -To teach thus, successfully, it would be best to adopt class books and -grammars in the earlier stages, in both languages, as is done elsewhere, -in every case where a foreign language is taught. These might be given -up, when the pupil arrived at the third standard. After this he could -pick up all the requisite knowledge of Gaelic with little difficulty; -for be it observed, we are at present only advocating the use of Gaelic -as a _medium_ for imparting a sound and intelligent English education. -We are happy to know that it is still the practice, particularly in -those districts where a snobbish aping of Cockneyism has yet failed to -overpower and crush out the old devotional spirit of the Gael, for the -parents to conduct family worship, at least twice a day, by the reading -of a Chapter and a Psalm out of the Gaelic Bible, while the children, -who come to the age of discretion, have to follow the reader in their -Gaelic Bibles, and thus they soon learn to read Gaelic perfectly. We -think it, therefore, quite unnecessary to teach Gaelic beyond the stage -at which it fails to be useful in helping to a better and more -intelligent understanding of their English class-books, except to those -who are to become ministers or schoolmasters; when the teacher, in the -case of smart boys, should be encouraged to take it up and teach it as a -Special Subject. - -We fully appreciate, and make allowance for, the difficulty to be -overcome in providing a special set of Gaelic and English elementary -school-books specially suited for the Highlands, and would be disposed -to forego the unquestionable advantages derivable from them were we -satisfied that the teachers were capable and willing to make up to some -extent for the defect by fully explaining the meaning of the elementary -English lessons to the children through their mother tongue; and then -teach Gaelic as a Special Subject in the more advanced standards to -those who intended to continue their education with the view of -following any of the learned professions. We had ample and conclusive -proof that Gaelic reading can be acquired by Gaelic-speaking children in -a very short time. Not long ago the Gaelic Society of Inverness offered -prizes in the Parish of Gairloch to the best Gaelic scholars; for the -best reading, the best spelling, and the best translations from Gaelic -into English, and from English into Gaelic. We were informed by some of -the teachers that before these prizes were offered they never taught -Gaelic to the children; and even when they decided to compete, only -taught it privately after ordinary school hours. The progress made, as -exhibited by the examination was, on such short notice, really -marvellous. The reading and spelling were almost perfect, and the -translations were such that we believe translations from English to -Latin and Greek, or _vice versa_, of equal faithfulness would secure a -bursary in some of our Universities. We are writing from actual -experience, having taken a part in the examination; and one single fact -of this kind ought to have more weight in argument than all the theories -which those who are ignorant of the facts can propound. - -We have repeatedly heard and seen objections made that a Gaelic -education was calculated to hinder the Gaelic-speaking child in his -progress in English, and that he could not overcome the difficulty of -acquiring a correct English pronunciation with the same ease and -facility as if first taught to read it. We have even heard it stated -seriously that a Highlander who read and wrote Gaelic could never be a -good English writer, and were challenged to prove the contrary. - -When we first went to school we knew not a single word of English. We -attended one where it was the rule that no English was to be taught -until we were able to read the Gaelic Testament, after which we had to -translate our Bible lesson on alternate mornings from English into -Gaelic, and from Gaelic into English. There were eight or nine other -schools in the Parish, in one only--the girls' school--in which the same -rule was applied. We had an excellent teacher who taught Latin and Greek -(and we think, in one instance, Hebrew) to the more advanced pupils. We -have made enquiries as to the result, and find that from forty to fifty -of the boys who were taught in our school have raised themselves to good -social positions throughout England, the South of Scotland, and the -Colonies. The few who remained at home are known to be the most -intelligent and best informed in the Parish; and the great majority of -those who have been educated on the system now in fashion have forgotten -all they have ever learned and have taken to the herring fishing, while -a miserable existence about their parents' crofts is enough to satisfy -their highest ambition. - -It is quite unnecessary to prove that those who advanced their social -position from home, have acquired a better pronunciation than those who -have never left it, and who have forgotten all they were ever taught; -and in reply to the objection that those who are taught Gaelic can never -write English with the same ease and fluency as those who obtain an -exclusively English education, we assert that those of our Highland -countrymen who knew, spoke, and wrote Gaelic best are pre-eminent -amongst us as the best writers of English--such, for instance, as "Old" -Norman Macleod; the late Dr Norman Macleod; Dr Macleod of Morven and his -three sons; Sir James Mackintosh; Dr Mackintosh Mackay; John Mackenzie -of the "Beauties of Gaelic Poetry;" Dr Maclauchlan; Dr Clerk, Kilmallie; -Sheriff Nicolson; Mr Cameron of Renton; James Macpherson, of Ossianic -fame; Dr Kennedy, Dingwall; Mr Blair, Glasgow; "Nether-Lochaber;" D. -Mackinnon, Edinburgh; The Macdonalds of Fort-William and of the -"Times;" and many others we could mention. We shall be delighted to see -produced a list of writers from the Highlands, even if possessed of the -so-called qualification of a total ignorance of the Gaelic language to -equal these men in English composition. The contention of our opponents -is really so irrational and absurd as to be unworthy of notice, were it -not that we see men of position seriously giving expression to such -absurdities. We have even seen a gentleman who has been elevated since, -much to the surprise of the profession, to the position of an inspector -of schools, stoutly maintaining it in large type in the columns of one -of our northern newspapers. Such arguments amount to this--that a real -and thorough knowledge of his native language, whether it be Gaelic, -English, or French, is a drawback and a disqualification for acquiring -and writing a foreign one, and that the greater his ignorance of his -native tongue the greater the proficiency of a scholar in a foreign one; -while common sense, (which is unfortunately, in educational circles, -sometimes, and especially on this question, very uncommon), and all the -experience of the past go to prove the very opposite. - -It is pleasant to find the rational view making steady progress even among -those who were understood for a long time to hold a different opinion. Mr -Jolly, Her Majesty's Inspector of Schools, who is unfortunately ignorant -of the native language of the children whom he examines professionally, -expressed himself unfavourable to teaching Gaelic in Highland schools, -before he had time to examine the question for himself; but having looked -the matter in the face, and given it serious consideration, we are -gratified to find him stating at the last annual meeting of the Gaelic -Society that he belonged to the class who desired that Gaelic should be -used for getting at the intelligence of the children when reading English; -and who afterwards wished the Gaelic language and literature to be -introduced when the children had mastered the mechanical difficulties of -reading, and were able to enter into the meaning and spirit of what they -read. "Although a Lowlander he had every sympathy with those who desired -to preserve the Gaelic; and he held exactly the same views on the subject -of Gaelic teaching as are held by Professor Blackie, the Rev. Alex. -Macgregor, and Dr Clerk, Kilmallie." We have a pretty good idea as to what -the Rev. Mr Macgregor's views on the question are, as well as Professor -Blackie's, and are therefore quite satisfied with Mr Jolly's. The -Professor, we are happy to say, has engaged to give expression to his, in -a definite form, on an early date in these pages; and we feel sure that -they will satisfy all reasonable men. - -We attach great value to the expression of such an opinion as Mr -Jolly's, arrived at after mature deliberation and observation of the -requirements of the Highlands; from one who is himself a stranger to the -language, and who would naturally be prejudiced against it; for we must -keep in mind that in expressing such a favourable opinion he was to some -extent weakening his own position as an Inspector of Schools, unable to -examine in a language which he honestly affirmed, and with a candour -which deserves acknowledgment, ought to be used, and at a certain stage -taught in the schools. We are quite satisfied to place this opinion -against the views of another inspector in the north, whose only reply -to the advocates of Gaelic in our schools is--that such a system would -limit the sphere from which to choose teachers--forgetting, or choosing -to ignore, that the teachers ought and must accommodate themselves to -the system which all rational men admit to be the only true and -successful one, and the only one practised everywhere else out of the -Highlands. A gentleman who could publicly use such an argument as, "If -the language ought to be kept alive by being taught in school, surely -Edinburgh and Glasgow are the places where this should be done, where -the children know nothing of it, and not in the Highlands where the -children already speak it with fluency,"--is perfectly innocent of the -real question at issue, and deserves little notice or attention in the -controversy. - -We have by no means exhausted the subject, but shall, meanwhile, content -ourselves by laying down the following propositions:--(1), That it being -an acknowledged educational principle that the unknown can only be made -successfully known through the known; and as this principle is not only -acknowledged but practised everywhere else out of the Scottish Highlands -we must hold it to be the only rational one to adopt there also; unless it -can be shown that the Highlander is constructed intellectually entirely -different from the rest of humanity. We must therefore, to be rational, -teach the unknown English through the known Gaelic: (2), We must adapt the -Code to the requirements of the special circumstances of the case: (3), -Our teachers must keep in mind that after all, they are only a part -(although a very important part), of the system by which Parliament has -wisely decided to place education within the reach of every child in -Scotland, and if it can be shown--and it is self-evident--that teachers -who are ignorant of the Gaelic language are not competent or suitable to -carry out the intentions of the Legislature, they must just accommodate -themselves to the requirements of their position, and qualify properly to -discharge their duties by acquiring a sufficient knowledge of Gaelic to -enable them to impart education according to the only rational system, in -use, in all civilised communities: (4), To get the full benefit of the -concessions already made by the Education Department as to the testing of -the child's intelligent understanding of his English reading by means of -his native language, it is absolutely necessary that our Inspectors of -Schools should have a sufficient knowledge of Gaelic to enable them to -test the understanding of the children as intended by the Department, and -now provided for, in the Code. - -The great and primary question is, how to impart a sound education to -the rising generation? The means--the teaching staff--are only important -in so far as they serve to bring about the great end and principal -object of all--an education in the true sense of the term.[A] - - A. M. - -FOOTNOTES: - -[A] Since the above was in type Mr Fraser-Mackintosh, M.P., has given -notice of his intention, upon Friday, 31st March, to call attention to the -Scottish Education Code of 1876, and to move a resolution on the subject -of Gaelic teaching in the schools in Gaelic-speaking districts. - - - - -GENERAL SIR ALAN CAMERON, K.C.B., - -COLONEL 79TH CAMERON HIGHLANDERS. - -[CONTINUED.] - - -CHAPTER IX. - -THE first duty which Major Cameron had now (1794) imposed on him by his -"Letter of Service" was to recommend the officers from the "half-pay -list" to be associated with him in raising the regiment. In the -disposition of these he was to a certain extent under the guidance of -his own inclination to have as many as he could, of his old American -brother-officers, with him in the undertaking. After the selection was -made, the names were submitted to the War Office and approved. Reference -to the list of officers selected will prove that Major Cameron was not -unmindful of his brother-officers of the "Royal Emigrant Regiment," his -choice consisting of five officers of the Clan M'Lean, while two only -belonged to his own. The reason of the numerical difference will be -understood to be, in consequence of the above stated restrictions. When -the "half-pay list" was exhausted, by distribution among the numerous -corps being embodied, and Major Cameron was released from the War Office -regulations, the commissions in the regiment were always given to his -Lochaber relatives, as the army list of subsequent years will testify. - -Although Major Cameron had been, by this time, absent from Lochaber a -number of years, yet he was not an entire stranger, for he was from time -to time heard of. He had been advised by his brother that the rage and -irritation occasioned by the result of the duel had greatly subsided, if -not, indeed, entirely disappeared, and that his arrival in the country -was not at all likely to revive them. On receipt of this intelligence -Major Cameron, with politic calculation, arranged that he should arrive -in his native place on one of the first days of November, which -arrangement would give him the opportunity of meeting the greater part -of the country people of all classes, this being the week of the winter -market at Fort-William. The idea also struck him that, as he was to be -engaged in "His Majesty's service," the Government might give him, for -his own and his officers' accommodation, quarters in the garrison. His -application to the Board of Ordnance, to this effect, proved successful, -and the building known as "Government House" was placed at his disposal. -His family, at this time, consisted of three sons, respectively named -Philips, Donald, and Nathaniel; the first and last after their mother's -father, and the other after his own father (he of the '45). The eldest -two accompanied him to the Highlands, and remained there long enough to -acquire some acquaintance with the Gaelic language, an acquisition which -they often declared afterwards to have served them advantageously in -their relationship with the soldiers of the 93d. - -The day at last arrived when Alan, after an absence of twenty-one years, -was to look again on his native hills, an event which, no doubt, -gladdened and warmed his Highland heart. It is stated that he timed his -first appearance to take place on the last day of the market, and he -observed it punctually. This enabled the people, if so inclined, to meet -him without interfering with their business affairs. His brother was -most useful to him in making proper preparations for his reception. -Quite a multitude went out to meet him and his companions, a mile or so, -and accorded him a most enthusiastic reception. It has, indeed, been -said, that the ovation and the escort of that day resembled more that -usually awarded to an illustrious conqueror than that to a mere -field-officer of the British army. Alan gave instructions to make that -and subsequent days a carnival of hospitality--feasting and rejoicing -without limit. After a reasonable time, however, festivities must -terminate, and business commence. A writer of ripe experience, on -Highland subjects, adverts to the anxious state of public feeling at -this time[B]--"In 1793, and the succeeding years, the whole strength and -resources of the United Kingdom were called into action. In the northern -corner a full proportion was secured. A people struggling against the -disadvantages of a boisterous climate and barren soil, could not be -expected to contribute money. But the personal services of young and -active men were ready when required for the defence of the liberty and -independence of their country." Producing so many defenders of the -State, as these glens have done, they ought to have been saved from a -system which has changed the character of, if not altogether extirpated, -their hardy inhabitants. - - -CHAPTER X. - -THE business of "raising" the regiment was now (1793-94) to commence in -real earnest, and as it was the Major's desire that the complement -should be made up of as many as he could induce to join from his own and -the adjacent districts, his officers and himself visited every part -round about, and with so much success that, between Lochaber, Appin, -Mull, and Morven, 750 men were collected at Fort-William, within a -period of less than two months; at any rate the official accounts record -that number to have been inspected and approved by General Leslie on the -3d January (1794).[C] General Stewart states, "in the instance of the -embodiment of the 79th no bounty was allowed by Government, and the men -were therefore recruited at the solo expense of Mr Cameron and his -officers; nevertheless the measure of the success will be understood by -the early date of their inspection at Stirling, where they received the -denomination of the 79th Cameron Highlanders." The Major was now -desirous to repair as quickly as possible to the place appointed for -inspection, that he might get his corps numbered, and with that -determination, ordered every man to be in readiness for the journey -southwards. Great was the excitement in the little village adjoining the -garrison of Fort-William, on that winter's morning, when Cameron and his -followers collected on its parade-ground, to have the roll called by -"old Archie Maclean" (their first Adjutant), preparatory to bidding -farewell to Lochaber--a last farewell by the greater part of them. -The nearest and dearest must part, and such was the case with the -Lochabermen and their friends, now that "they promised to help King -George." With Alan at their head, this devoted band filed off in well -regulated order, marching with steady step through the village, the -pipers leading, playing the well-known march--"_Gabhaidh sinn an rathad -mor_" (We'll keep the high road), while large numbers of the country -people convoyed them on their route a considerable distance, reluctant -to give the final farewell; deferring it till they were reminded that -they had now a long way to go back. Their affection probably laid them -under a spell that "farewell was such sweet sorrow, they could not say -farewell till to-morrow." A string of horses preceded them, to different -stages, with their creels well provided with creature comforts desirable -for their long journey, along indifferent paths, and over bleak -mountains, to Stirling. At that season of the year, the weather was very -severe, and the absence of any habitations on the way did not admit of -any halting; therefore it was decided to continue their onward course -without interruption, except the short intervals necessary for -refreshments. This decision enabled them to reach the rendezvous at noon -of the third day, when after a day or two's rest, drilling was resumed -without intermission, in consequence of which persistency, the corps -were in a fair state of order by the time the inspecting officer -arrived. "The Cameron Highlanders" underwent this ordeal of military and -medical inspection to the General's entire satisfaction, and he duly -reported the result to the War Office, and, being the first to be so -reported the corps received the first and subsequent number of 79th (the -78th, Mackenzie's Ross-shire regiment, had been completed in the month -of March of the previous year). Meanwhile the exigencies of the service -becoming pressing, the "Office" was induced to dispatch urgent orders to -Cameron to augment the regiment with the necessary 250 men to raise it -to a total strength of 1000 rank and file. In obedience to this summons, -he, with others of his officers, lost no time in returning to the -districts of the Highlands from whence they came. If further proof were -needed of the popularity of Cameron, the fact that he collected the 250 -recruits wanted, and reported them at the same place (Stirling), in the -short space of five and twenty days, will be sufficiently convincing. -When the 1000 men were completed on the 30th January (1794), Alan was -advanced to the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the regiment![D] This marvellous -rapidity may be contrasted with the fact, that when Mr Cameron of -Fassifern was offered a company in the corps being raised by the Marquis -of Huntly in the following month of February, he was obliged to have -recourse to the assistance of his brother-in-law, Macneil of Barra, to -complete the number of 100 men. He could only secure nineteen men in his -own district of Lochaber, notwithstanding that he was aided by the -personal influence of his cousin Lochiel. Alan Cameron did not seek, nor -did he receive the slightest favour from the Chief of his clan, for -reasons which may be subsequently referred to.[E] - - -CHAPTER XI. - -THE colours for the 79th had been prepared, and immediately on its being -registered they were presented (1794), after which the regiment received -the route for Ireland. There they remained till the following June, -where their uniform reached them, which, being the Highland dress, was -similar to that of the other Highland corps, except in the matter of -"facings," which were green. Although the tartan of the Clan Cameron is -one of the handsomest patterns; the ground and prevailing colour being -red, it was thought unsuitable for wear with the scarlet jacket; but -that was not a sufficient reason for its non-adoption as the tartan of -the "Cameron Highlanders," inasmuch as the tartan worn (the Stewart) by -the 72d is of still brighter colour than the Cameron. Neither of these -was the real reason which caused the clan tartan's non-adoption by the -79th.[F] Alan choose rather to have a tartan of his own (or rather -his mother's) design. That pattern is so well known as to need no -description. The first supply was provided by Messrs Holms of Paisley -(now of Greenhead, Glasgow), and designated the "Cameron Earrachd," as -distinguished from that of the Cameron proper. It is the pattern chosen -by the Highland company of the Liverpool Rifle Corps, and by the 2d -Lochaber Company, of which Lochiel was captain.[G] - -The Cameron Regiment had scarcely completed its equipment, when it was -ordered to embark for Flanders to reinforce the British and Austrian -armies under the command of the Duke of York, against the French. They -were joined in this expedition by their countrymen of the 42d and the -78th. Their arrival proved to be of the utmost consequence, inasmuch as -that by their support, in reserve, they helped, by a victory over -Picheqru to retrieve a disaster experienced by the Duke shortly before -that. This engagement lasted from an early hour till the afternoon, and -its decision was weighing in the balance, when the Duke charged with the -British troops into the centre of the French army, bayonet in hand, and -thus, brought hostilities to an end for the day. This success, however, -was of small advantage, as the allies were subsequently compelled to -retreat before the overwhelming forces of the French, and, retiring -towards Westphalia, endured the most dreadful hardship and suffering, -both from its inhospitable inhabitants, and the rigour of its climate -(the winter and spring of 1794-5), the elements of which proved more -fatal to the British army than the fire of the enemy. The Camerons lost -200 men. The contingent of the British army withdrew from the Continent -after this fruitless campaign, embarking in April at Bremen. The 79th -was ordered for quarters to the Isle of Wight, where it remained till -the month of July, when it received the route for India, and Colonel -Cameron was ordered to recruit the regiment to the extent of its losses -in Flanders. - - (_To be Continued._) - -FOOTNOTES: - -[B] General Stewart's Sketches, vol. II., pp. 245-6. - -[C] Historical Record of the 79th Regiment by Captain Robert Jamieson, -Edinburgh, 1863. - -[D] Captain Jamieson's Historical Record, Blackwood, Edinburgh, 1863. - -[E] The Rev. Mr Clerk's Memoir of Colonel Cameron of Fassifern, p. 109. - -[F] Mr Cameron of Lochiel, and Mr Cameron of Earrachd (Alan's father), had -been, or were, at differences about the ownership of part of the property, -when it was alleged that the latter was hardly used in the matter, by the -former and his trustees, of whom Cameron of Fassifern was the most active. -This misunderstanding led to a coolness between the families. - -[G] It was returned to the Lord-Lieutenant by this company under the -designation of "Cameron Lochiel." The captain's attention was drawn to the -misnomer, who disclaimed any knowledge of the error. It has transpired -since to have been the act of an officer of the corps, now deceased, who -must have committed this paltry piece of piracy, either from ignorance or -subserviency. - - - - -THE SONGS AND MELODIES OF THE GAEL. - - -THE Gael, their language, their songs, and their melodies, will live or -die together. If the one sinks they shall all sink. If the one rises -they shall all rise. If the one dies they shall die together, and shall -all be buried in the same grave. Is it possible that a people, with such -a language, such songs, and such delicious melodies, shall vanish and -disappear from the earth, and their place become occupied by others? It -cannot happen, and I candidly assert for myself that, were the whole of -the Breadalbane Estate mine, I would willingly part with it for the sake -of being able to master the songs and the melodies of my Highland -countrymen. I have reason to be thankful for the circumstances in which -I was placed in the days of my youth. I had eight brothers and a sister. -My father had a fine ear for music, and an excellent voice, and -frequently gratified our young ears, during the long winter evenings, by -playing on the Jew's harp and singing the words connected with the -different Highland airs. There was also a man in our immediate -neighbourhood who was frequently in the house, who played on the violin, -and who was one of the best players of our native airs I ever listened -to. The consequence was that as I grew up I was very fond of singing, -and to this moment of my life I do not think that it had any bad effect -upon me; and certainly my fondness for Gaelic songs was the first thing -that led me to read the Gaelic language. From fifteen to the age of -twenty I herded my father's sheep among the Grampians. The following is -a true description of my state then:-- - - 'Nuair bha e 'na bhalach A laddie so merry - Gu sunndach, 's lan aighear, 'Mong green grass and heather, - 'S mac-talla 'ga aithris The voice of the echo - A cantuinn nan oran, Rehearsing his story: - Toirt air na cruaidh chreagan, The mountains so rocky - Le 'n teangannan sgeigeil, To mimic and mock him, - Gu fileant 'ga fhreagradh, Becoming all vocal - Gu ceileireach ceolmhor. Like songsters so joyful. - -About the age of twenty a change came over me, when I forsook the songs, -but not their melodies, and had recourse to Buchanan's, M'Gregor's, and -Grant's hymns as a source of gratification. I was, in a measure, -prepared to enjoy them, as I found several of the melodies I used to -sing, in the hymns. M'Gregor was my great favourite. He was every inch a -man, a Gael, a scholar, a poet, a Christian, and a great divine. I -regret that his hymns are not more extensively known. Forty-two years -ago I composed several hymns--six or seven years afterwards a few -more--but during the last ten years, I suppose, nearly fifty. I have -done as much as I could to regenerate the songs of my country. My -predecessors carefully avoided cheerful and lively airs, especially -those with a chorus, but I find these generally, when the subject is -applicable to them, the most powerful and the most appropriate for use -in connection with the preaching of the gospel. Last summer I sang one -of them in a Free Church, on a Sabbath evening, to the Gaelic part of -the congregation. As I was descending from the pulpit, the Gaelic -precentor, and a deacon, whispered in my ears, "_Tha i sin fad air -thoiseach air laoidhean Shanci_." (That is far before Sankey's hymns.) - -So far as I know, singing Gaelic songs has had no evil effect upon our -countrymen. Indeed, singing is one of the prettiest, and one of the most -harmless things connected with human nature, even in its degenerate -state. A man who can sing a Gaelic song well is properly considered a -favourite. It is felt that he spreads kindness, and infuses joy and -happiness in the social circle--the language and the sweet melody of the -piece will banish all melancholy and bitter feelings from the mind. A -man influenced by a wicked malicious disposition is certainly not -disposed to sing. The practice they have of fulling or shrinking cloth -in the West Highlands has had a great tendency to keep up the native -melodies. Five, six, or seven females are seated in a circle facing one -another. The cloth having been steeped, is folded in a circle. Each -holds it in both hands, while they raise it as high as the breast, and -then bring it down with a thump on the board. In this way it goes -gradually round from the one to the other. A person standing outside -would only hear one thump. The chosen leader commences the song, all -unite, and by raising and lowering their hands they beat time to the -tune. This generally attracts a crowd of listeners. I have seldom -listened to finer singing. - -Lachlan M'Lean, the author of "Adam and Eve," and one of the greatest -enthusiasts for the language, the songs, and the music of the Gael, that -ever lived, was one day on board a steamer going from Tobermory to Oban. -A number of Skye females were on board. He placed them seated in a -circle on deck, and they commenced singing, with their handkerchiefs in -their hands, to the great delight of all on board, with the exception of -an elderly austere professor of religion, who frowned upon them and -silenced them. If such be the effect of real religion, I have yet to -learn it. I have no doubt the same man, if he could, would prevent the -larks from singing; and as well attempt to do the one as the other. I am -certain that he would rather have his ears stuffed with cotton than -listen to _Piobaireachd Dho'il Duibh_ played on the bagpipes. - -Robert Burns has been greatly vilified by a certain class of preachers. He -and his songs have been held forth as a great curse to his countrymen; but -when these Rev. Divines and their hot, but mistaken, zeal is forgotten, -Robert Burns will shine forth, and in the long run will be found to be a -greater blessing to his country than his accusers. For certainly no man -ever did more to keep up the native language and the melodies of the -Lowland Scotch than he has done. The same is equally true respecting our -Highland bards. _Taing dhuit a Dhonnachaidh Bhain, agus do d' chomh-Bhaird -airson nan oranan gasda, agus nam fuinn bhinn a dh'fhag sibh againn._ I am -certain that the Scotch must return to the melodies in their native -language. Sankey's melodies may do for a short time, but will never find a -lasting lodgment in the Scottish heart like their own delicious melodies. -There is as inseparable a connection between _their_ melodies and their -native language, as there is between our Highland melodies and our native -Gaelic. The Gaelic may easily take up their melodies, but the English -never. - -Those tunes that are used in public worship have no melody to my soul -like our native airs, and it is utterly impossible for me to feel -otherwise. This assertion will find a testimony in the bosoms of men, -although their prejudices may be opposed to it. Where is the man that -would compose a song in praise of his fellow-creature, that would -attempt to sing it to a psalm tune? Should he do so, all men would look -upon him as a blockhead. And what is the great difference between -praising a fellow-creature and praising the Redeemer? I can conceive -none, except that the latter deserves a sweeter, and, if possible, a -more delicious melody. I think it was Rowland Hill who wisely said that -"he could not see why the devil should have all the finest tunes," and I -quite agree with him. - -It is also a fact, although I understand English as well as Gaelic, that -it has not the same effect upon me in singing it. Although the English -were sung with the greatest art, and in the best possible style, it -would neither warm our hearts nor melt our souls like singing in Gaelic. -I feel that the great "mistress of art" has a tendency to puff me up, -whereas I have no such feelings in my Gaelic. Perhaps one-third of the -songs of the Gael are love songs, and the delicacy of feeling which is -manifest in most of them is extraordinary. They will not offend the most -refined ear; so that we have reason to be proud of our race in that -respect. Our songs may be divided into two classes--the cheerful and -plaintive. In the former we have M'Lachlan's "_Air fatll-ir-inn, -ill-ir-inn, uill-er-inn o_." M'Intyre's song to his spouse, "_Mhairi -bhan og_," and "_Ho mo Mhairi Laghach_"--translated by Professor Blackie -in the first number of the _Celtic_. These are instances of lyric poetry -as beautiful as ever saw the light, and melodies as sweet as can be -listened to. In the other may be placed "_Fhir a bhata 's na ho ro -eile_," which was lately sung in Inveraray Castle in the presence of Her -Majesty. Another is:-- - - A Mhalaidh bhoidheach, - A Mhalaidh ghaolach, - A Mhalaidh bhoidheach, - Gur mor mo ghaol duit, - A Mhalaidh bhoidheach, - 'S tu leon 's a chlaoidh mi, - 'S a dh'fhag mi bronach - Gun doigh air d'fhaotainn. - -What a delicious piece! how full of sweet melody! Can the English -language produce its equal? Poor fellow, he was sincere. The deer would -be seen on wings in the air, fish on tops of mountains high, and _black_ -snow resting on the tree branches, before his love to her would undergo -any change. - -Perhaps one-fourth of our songs are Elegies to the departed; and the -melodies to which these are sung are as plaintive and melting as can be -listened to. I place at the head of this class the "Massacre of -Glencoe," and Maclachlan's Elegy, to the same air, in memory of -Professor Beattie of Aberdeen. I said in my "Address to Highlanders" -that the Fort-William people might, on the top of Ben Nevis, defy the -English and broad Scotch to produce its equal:-- - - Ghaoil, a ghaoil, de na fearaibh, - 'S fuar an nochd air an darach do chre, - 'S fuar an nochd air a bhord thu, - Fhiuran uasail bu stold ann a'd bheus, - 'N cridhe firinneach soilleir, - D'am bu spideal duais foille na sannt, - Nochd gun phlosg air an deile - Sin mo dhosguinn nach breugach mo rann. - -It is utterly impossible to give a proper expression of that piece in -any other language. - -Lachlan M'Lean, already referred to, composed an elegy, to a daughter of -the Laird of Coll, who died in London and was buried there, to the same -air:-- - - Och! nach deach do thoirt dachaidh - O mhearg nigheana Shassuinn 's an uair, - Is do charadh le morachd. - Ann an cois na Traigh mhor mar bu dual; - Fo dhidean bhallachan arda - Far am bheil do chaomh mhathair 'na suain, - 'S far am feudadh do chairdean, - Dol gach feasgair chuir failte air t'uaigh. - -I entered his shop soon after this appeared in the _Teachdaire Gaelach_, -and sung him some verses of it. He could scarcely believe that it was -his own composition. He seemed in a reverie, his eyes speaking -inexpressibles. - -"_Gaoir nam Ban Muileach_"--(The wail of the Mull women)--is another -extraordinary piece. I am sorry that I could not get hold of it. -M'Gregor also has three hymns suited to this beautiful air. There is a -good deal of monotony in singing the few first lines, but it reaches a -grand climax of expression at the sixth. The last line is repeated -twice. When two or three sing it together, and the whole join in chorus -at the sixth line, I have seldom heard singing like it. - -Dr M'Donald composed an elegy, to the Rev. Mr Robertson, with a very -plaintive air--the air of a song occasioned by the great loss at Caig-- - - Ochan nan och, is och mo leon, - Tha fear mo ruin an diugh fo'n fhoid, - Tha fear mo ruin an diugh fo'n fhoid, - 'S cha teid air ceol no aighear leam. - -Many of the songs of the Gael might be called patriotic songs, and they -make us feel proud that we are Gaels. Their daring feats in the field of -strife against the enemies of our country, as at Bannockburn, Waterloo, -Alma, &c., are celebrated in song. Their quarrels, amongst themselves, -is the only thing that makes us feel ashamed of them. Several of their -songs raise us in our own estimation, with good cause, above our -neighbours the Lowlanders, the English, and the French. The songs of the -Gael embrace every variety--their language, mountains, corries, straths, -glens, rivers, streams, horses, dogs, cows, deer, sheep, goats, guns, -field labour, herding, boats, sailing, fishing, hunting, weddings--some -of them as funny as they can be, and some the most sarcastic that was -ever written. There is always something sweet and pretty about them. The -artless simplicity of the language, with its extraordinary power of -expression, gives them an agreeable access to the mind, which no other -language can ever give. - -The power these melodies have over the Gael is really extraordinary. I -was told by a piper, who was at the Battle of Alma, that when on the eve -of closing with the Russians, he, contrary to orders, played "_Sud mar -chaidh 'n cal a' dholaidh, aig na Bodaich Ghallda_," which had a most -powerful effect upon the men, on which account alone he was pardoned. I -saw a man who heard a piper playing "_Tulloch gorm_" in the East Indies, -and it made him weep like a child. About two years ago a young man, a -native of Oban, was out far in the country, in Australia, and having -entered a hotel, he saw a man who had the appearance of being a -Highlander, in the sitting-room. He (of Oban) was in a room on the -opposite side of the passage, and thought to himself "If he is a Gael -I'll soon find out," and leaving the door partially open, that he might -see him without being seen, he commenced playing, on the flute, the most -plaintive Highland airs. No sooner did he begin than the other began to -move his body backward and forward. At last he bent down his body, -covering both his eyes with the palms of his hands, and began to sob out -"_Och! och mise; och! och mise_." He (my informant) then played some -marching airs, and instantly the other raised his head and began to beat -time with both feet. At last he played some dancing airs, when one foot -only was engaged in beating time. He then raised a hearty laugh and -closed the door with a bang. The man rushed forward, but finding the -door closed he settled down a little. The door was opened, and what a -meeting of friends! what union of hearts! what kindness of feeling! what -joy! What was the cause of all these? What but the melodies of the Gael. - -Now, I am certain that were I to listen to the native melodies of my -country in distant parts of the world, I would also weep. But there is -nothing that ever I listened to that would affect me so much as: "_Crodh -Chailean_." Many a cow has been milked to that air, and many a fond -mother soothed her child to rest with it, and I am sure it would be a -greater accomplishment for young ladies to be able to sing it properly -than any German or Italian air they could play on the piano: - - Bha crodh aig Mac Chailean, - Bheireadh bainne dhomh fhein, - Eadar Bealtuinn is Samhainn, - Gun ghamhuinn, gun laogh, - Crodh ciar, crodh ballach, - Crodh Alastair Mhaoil, - Crodh lionadh nan gogan, - 'S crodh thogail nan laogh. - -Shaw composed several hymns to this air. - -I suppose there is not a class of people on the face of the earth that -have finer imaginations than the Gael. This has arisen partly, no doubt, -from their language, so adapted for lyric poetry and composition, and -verses calculated to give scope to the imaginative faculty. It has -arisen likewise from the place of their birth. The roaring Atlantic, the -grandeur of the resounding flood in their rocky glens. Waterfalls, down -dashing torrents, fast flowing rivers. The scream of the curlew, the -lapwing, the plover, and the shrill whistle of the eagle. The shadows of -the clouds seen moving majestically along in the distance--all these -have a great tendency to move and to give wing to the imagination. But I -believe that the ditties they have been accustomed to hear sung in their -youth have had a far greater effect upon them. Could these be all -collected they would form a rare collection. How often has "_Gille -Callum_" been sung-- - - Gheibh thu bean air da pheghinn, - Rogh is tagh air bonn-a-se, - Rug an luchag uan boirionn, - 'S thug i dhachaidh cual chonnaidh. - -When one begins to tell what is not true, it is better to tell -falsehoods which no one can believe. Now I am certain that children at -the age of four would not believe "Gille Callum's" lies, and would -understand at once that they were all for fun, and still it would have -the effect of setting them a-thinking, perhaps more than had it been -sober truth. - -The following I have frequently heard:-- - - H'uid, uid eachan, - C'ait am bi sinn nochdan, - Ann am baile Pheairtean, - Ciod a gheibh sinn ann, - Aran agus leann, - 'S crap an cul a chinn, - 'S chead dachaidh. - -_Huid, uid_ is used in Perthshire for making horses run. The boy is set -astride on a man's knee, which is kept in motion like a trotting horse. -Stretching both his hands, the boy, in imagination, is trotting to -Perth, where he expects bread and ale; and as a finish to the whole, a -knock on the back of the head, and leave to go home. Many a hearty laugh -have I seen boys enjoy when they got the knock on the head. Another -is--seizing a child's hand, and beginning at the thumb giving the -following names--"_Ordag, colgag, meur fad, Mac Nab, rag mhearlach nan -caorach 's nan gobhar, cuir gad ris, cuir gad ris._" Reaching the small -finger, the thief is seized and severely scourged with the rod, and a -roar of laughter is raised by the youngsters. Placing a child between -the knees and slowly placing the one foot before another with the -following words, is another-- - - Cia mar theid na coin do n' mhuileann - Mar sud, 's mar so, - 'S bheir iad ullag as a phoc so, - 'S ullag as a phoc sin, - -And then moving them quicker-- - - 'S thig iad dachaidh air an trot, - Trit, trot, dhachaidh. - -_Ullag_ means the quantity of meal raised by the three fingers. What a -glee of hilarity is raised when the quick motion commences? - -The following is a very imaginative piece, descriptive of a flighty -individual who proposes to do more than he can accomplish:-- - - Cheann a'n Tobermhuire Head in Tobermory, - 'S a chollainn 's a Chrianan, Body in Crianan, - Cas a'm Boad hoi-e, Foot in Boad (Bute) hoi-e, - 'S a chas eil a'n Grianaig Other foot in Grianaig (Greenock). - -It is a most melancholy fact, that at present there is a combined and a -determined effort put forth to banish the native language, and the -native melodies of the Gael entirely from the country, and to bring the -whole population under the sway of the artificial language taught in our -schools, and of its artificial melodies. The foreigner represents our -language as low and vulgar, quite destitute of the sterling qualities -peculiar to his own; and consequently not deserving either to be held -fast, or to be worthy of attentive study. And in order that he may be -the more successful in his effort, he pretends to be our greatest, our -only friend; heartily disposed to make us learned, wealthy and -honourable, yes, and, of course, pious too. I say to him at once, -without any ceremony, keep back, sir, give over your fallacious, your -blustering bombast, we know the hollowness of your pretensions. The Gael -has a language and melodies already, superior to any that you can give -him, and would you attempt to rob him of his birthright and inheritance, -which is dear to him as his heart's blood? Every true friend of the Gael -would certainly give him a good English education; but instead of doing -away with his own language and melodies, it would be such an English -education as would ground him more than ever in a knowledge of his own. -Is it not an acknowledged fact that, there is nothing that grounds -students more thoroughly in a knowledge of a language than to translate -it from his own. This mode of teaching is perhaps more troublesome to -schoolmasters at first, but when once fairly tried and put in practice, -it will, without doubt, be the most agreeable and the most successful -part of their work, and would not have such a deadening effect, either -upon their own minds, or upon those of their scholars. - - ARCHD. FARQUHARSON. - -ISLAND OF TIREE. - - - - -THE HARP BRINGETH JOY UNTO ME. - - - O autumn! to me thou art dearest, - Thou bringest deep thoughts to me now, - For the leaves in the forest are searest, - And the foliage falls from each bough. - - And then as the day was declining, - While nature was wont to repose, - A sage on his harp was reclining - Who sang of Lochaber's bravoes. - - He played and he sang of their glory, - Their deeds which the ages admire; - Then softly, then wildly, their story - He told on the strings of his lyre. - - While praise on the heroes he lavished, - And lauded their triumphs again, - A maid came a-list'ning, enravished-- - Enrapt by his charming refrain. - - O! bright were the beams of her smiling, - I sigh for the peace on her brow, - Not a trace on her features of guiling, - My heart singeth songs to her now. - - Inspired by the rapturous measure, - This fair one skipt over the lea: - One morning I sought the young treasure, - Now dear as my soul she's to me. - - DONALD MACGREGOR. - Member of the Gaelic Society of London. - - - - -THE HIGHLAND CEILIDH. - -(CONTINUED.) - - -"_Oh! nach be 'n ceatharnach am fleasgach, bu mhor am beud cuir as da -gun chothrom na Feinne_" (Ah! what a valiant youth, it would be a pity -to extinguish him without according him Fingalian fair play), shouted -several voices at once. "Did you ever hear the story about Glengarry and -his old castle, when he was buried alive with Macranuil under the -foundation?" asked _Alastair Mac Eachain Duibh_. "I heard it, when, last -year in Strathglass, and you shall hear it." At this stage "Norman" -exhibited signs of his intention to go away for the night, when several -members of the circle, backed up by the old bard, requested the favour -of one more story ere he departed. Norman would rather hear _Alastair's_ -story of Glengarry, and would wait for it. "No, no," exclaimed -_Alastair_, "you can have my story any time; let us have one more from -Norman before he leaves, and I will give mine afterwards, for he may -never come back to see us again." "That I will," says Norman, "as often -as I can, for I have just found out a source of enjoyment and amusement -which I did not at all expect to meet with in this remote corner of the -country. However, to please you, I'll give you a story about Castle -Urquhart; and afterwards recite a poem of my own composition on the -Castle, and on the elopement of Barbara, daughter of Grant of Grant, -with Colin Mackenzie, "High-Chief of Kintail." - -Glen Urquhart, where Castle Urquhart is situated, is one of the -most beautiful of our Highland valleys, distant from Inverness some -fourteen miles, and expands first from the waters of Loch Ness into a -semicircular plain, divided into fields by hedgerows, and having its -hillsides beautifully diversified by woods and cultivated grounds. The -valley then runs upwards some ten miles to Corriemonie, through a tract -of haughland beautifully cultivated, and leading to a rocky pass or -gorge half-way upwards or thereabouts, which, on turning an inland -valley, as it were, is attained, almost circular, and containing Loch -Meiglie, a beautiful small sheet of water, the edges of which are -studded with houses, green lawns, and cultivated grounds. Over a -heathy ridge, beyond these two or three miles, we reach the flat of -Corriemonie, adorned by some very large ash and beech trees, where the -land is highly cultivated, at an elevation of eight or nine hundred feet -above, and twenty-five miles distant from, the sea. At the base of -Mealfourvonie, a small circular lake of a few acres in extent exists, -which was once thought to be unfathomable, and to have a subterranean -communication with Loch Ness. From it flows the Aultsigh Burn, a -streamlet which, tumbling down a rocky channel, at the base of one of -the grandest frontlets of rock in the Highlands, nearly fifteen hundred -feet high, empties itself into Loch Ness within three miles of -Glenmoriston. Besides the magnificent and rocky scenery to be seen in -the course of this burn, it displays, at its mouth, an unusually -beautiful waterfall, and another about two miles further up, shaded with -foliage of the richest colour. A tributary of the Coiltie, called the -Dhivach, amid beautiful and dense groves of birch, displays a waterfall, -as high and picturesque as that of Foyers; and near the source of the -Enneric river, which flows from Corriemonie into the still waters of -Loch Meigle, another small, though highly picturesque cascade, called -the Fall of Moral, is to be seen. Near it, is a cave large enough to -receive sixteen or twenty persons. Several of the principal gentlemen of -the district concealed themselves here from the Hanoverian troops during -the troubles of the '45. - -On the southern promontory of Urquhart Bay are the ruins of the Castle, -rising over the dark waters of the Loch, which, off this point, is 125 -fathoms in depth. The castle has the appearance of having been a strong -and extensive building. The mouldings of the corbel table which remain -are as sharp as on the day they were first carved, and indicate a date -about the beginning of the 14th century. The antiquary will notice a -peculiar arrangement in the windows for pouring molten lead on the heads -of the assailants. It overhangs the lake, and is built on a detached -rock separated from the adjoining hill, at the base of which it lies, by -a moat of about twenty-five feet deep and sixteen feet broad. The rock -is crowned by the remains of a high wall or curtain, surrounding the -building, the principal part of which, a strong square keep of three -storeys, is still standing, surmounted by four square hanging turrets. -This outward wall encloses a spacious yard, and is in some places -terraced. In the angles were platforms for the convenience of the -defending soldiery. The entrance was by a spacious gateway between two -guard rooms, projected beyond the general line of the walls, and was -guarded by more than one massive portal and a huge portcullis to make -security doubly sure. These entrance towers were much in the style of -architecture peculiar to the Castles of Edward I. of England, and in -front of them lay the drawbridge across the outer moat. The whole works -were extensive and strong, and the masonry was better finished than is -common in the generality of Scottish strongholds. - -The first siege Urquhart Castle is known to have sustained was in the -year 1303, when it was taken by the officers of Edward I. who were sent -forward by him, to subdue the country, from Kildrummie near Nairn, -beyond which he did not advance in person, and of all the strongholds in -the north, it was that which longest resisted his arms. - -Alexander de Bois, the brave governor and his garrison, were put to the -sword. Sir Robert Lauder of Quarrelwood in Morayshire, governor of the -Castle in A.D. 1334, maintained it against the Baliol faction. His -daughter, marrying the Earl of Strathglass, the offspring of their -union, Sir Robert Chisholm of that Ilk, became Laird of Quarrelwood in -right of his grandfather. After this period it is known to have been a -Royal fort or garrison; but it is very likely it was so also at the -commencement of the 14th century, and existed, as such, in the reigns of -the Alexanders and other Scottish sovereigns, and formed one of a chain -of fortresses erected for national defence, and for insuring internal -peace. In 1359 the barony and the Castle of Urquhart were disponed by -David II. to William, Earl of Sutherland, and his son John. In 1509 it -fell into the hands of the chief of the Clan Grant, and in that family's -possession it has continued to this day. - -How it came into the possession of John Grant the 10th Laird, surnamed -the "Bard," is not known; but it was not won by the broadsword, from -Huntly, the Lieutenant-General of the king. It has been the boast of the -chiefs of the Clan Grant that no dark deeds of rapine and blood have -been transmitted to posterity by any of their race. Their history is -unique among Highland clans, in that, down to the period of the -disarming after Culloden, the broadswords of the Grants were as spotless -as a lady's bodkin. True it is, there were some dark deeds enacted -between the Grants of Carron and Ballindalloch; and at the battles of -Cromdale and Culloden, the Grants of Glenmoriston were present, but far -otherwise was the boast of the Grants of Strathspey--a gifted ancestry -seemed to transmit hereditary virtues, and each successive scion of the -house seemed to emulate the peaceful habits of his predecessor. That -this amiable life did not conceal craven hearts is abundantly evident -from the history of our country. There is a continual record of gallant -deeds and noble bearing in their records down to the present time, and -there are few families whose names, like the Napiers and the Grants, are -more conspicuous in our military annals. But their rise into a powerful -clan was due to the more peaceful gifts, of "fortunate alliances," and -"Royal bounties." - -It is much to be regretted that so little has been transmitted to -posterity of the history of this splendid ruin of Castle Urquhart. - -The probability is that it is connected with many a dark event over -which the turbulence of the intervening period and the obscurity of its -situation have cast a shade of oblivion. - -The most prominent part of the present mass, the fine square tower of -the north-eastern extremity of the building is supposed to have been the -keep, and is still pretty entire. From this point, the view is superb. -It commands Loch Ness from one end to the other, and is an object on -which the traveller fixes an admiring gaze as the steamer paddles her -merry way along the mountain-shadowed water. On a calm day the dashing -echo of the Fall of Foyers bursts fitfully across the Loch, and when the -meridian sun lights up the green earth after a midsummer shower, a -glimpse of the distant cataract may be occasionally caught, slipping -like a gloriously spangled avalanche to the dark depths below. "My -story," said Norman, "in which the castle was the principal scene of -action is quite characteristic of the times referred to. A gentleman of -rank who had been out with the Prince and had been wounded at Culloden, -found himself on the evening of that disastrous day, on the banks of the -river Farigaig, opposite Urquhart Castle. He had been helped so far by -two faithful retainers, one of whom, a fox-hunter, was a native of the -vale of Urquhart. This man, perceiving the gentleman was unable to -proceed further, and seeing a boat moored to the shore, proposed that -they should cross to the old Castle, in a vault of which, known only to -a few of the country people, they might remain secure from all pursuit. -The hint was readily complied with, and, in less than a couple of hours, -they found themselves entombed in the ruins of Urquhart Castle, where -sleep shortly overpowered them, and, the sun was high in the heavens -next day ere any of them awoke. The gentleman's wound having been -partially dressed, the fox-hunter's comrade yawningly observed 'that a -bit of something to eat would be a Godsend.' 'By my troth it would,' -said the fox-hunter, 'and if my little Mary knew aught of poor _Eoghainn -Brocair's_ (Ewan the fox-hunter) plight, she would endeavour to relieve -him though Sassenach bullets were flying about her ears.' 'By heaven! -our lurking-place is discovered!' whispered the gentleman, 'do you not -observe a shadow hovering about the entrance.' ''Tis the shadow of a -friend' replied the _Brocair_; and in an instant a long-bodied, -short-legged Highland terrier sprung into the vault. '_Craicean, a -dhuine bhochd_,' said the overjoyed fox-hunter, hugging the faithful -animal to his bosom, 'this is the kindest visit you ever paid me.' As -soon as the shades of evening had darkened their retreat, _Eoghainn_ -untied his garter, and binding it round the dog's neck, caressed him, -and pointing up the Glen, bade him go and bring the _Brocair_ some food. -The poor terrier looked wistfully in his face, and with a shake of his -tail, quietly took his departure. In about four hours '_Craicean_' -reappeared and endeavoured by every imaginable sign to make _Eoghainn_ -follow him outside. With this the _Brocair_ complied, but in a few -seconds he re-entered accompanied by another person. _Eoghainn_ having -covered the only entrance to the cave with their plaids, struck a light -and introduced, to his astonished friends, his betrothed young Mary -Maclauchlan. The poor girl had understood by the garter which bound the -terrier's neck, and which she herself had woven, that her _Eoghainn_ was -in the neighbourhood, and hastened to his relief with all the ready -provision she could procure; and not least, in the estimation of at -least two of the fugitives, the feeling maiden had brought them a sip of -unblemished whisky. In this manner they had been supplied with aliment -for some time, when one night their fair visitor failed to come as -usual. This, though it created no immediate alarm, somewhat astonished -them; but when the second night came and neither Mary nor her shaggy -companion arrived, _Eoghainn's_ uneasiness, on Mary's account, overcame -every other feeling, and, in spite of all remonstrance, he ventured -forth, in order to ascertain the cause of her delay. The night was dark -and squally, and _Eoghainn_ was proceeding up his native glen like one -who felt that the very sound of his tread might betray him to death. -With a beating heart he had walked upwards of two miles, when his ears -were saluted with the distant report of a musket. Springing aside he -concealed himself in a thicket which overhung the river. Here he -remained but a very short time when he was joined by the _Craicean_ -dragging after him a cord, several yards in length. This circumstance -brought the cold sweat from the brow of the _Brocair_. He knew that -their enemies were in pursuit of them, that the cord had been affixed to -the dogs neck in order that he might lead to their place of concealment; -and alas! _Eoghainn_ feared much that his betrothed was at the mercy of -his pursuers. What was to be done? The moment was big with fate, but he -was determined to meet it like a man. Cutting the cord and whispering to -the terrier, "_cul mo chois_" (back of my heel) he again ventured to the -road and moved warily onward. On arriving at an old wicker-wrought barn, -he saw a light streaming from it, when creeping towards it, he observed -a party of the enemy surrounding poor Mary Maclauchlan, who was, at the -moment, undergoing a close examination by their officer. 'Come girl,' -said he, 'though that blind rascal has let your dog escape, who would -certainly have introduced us to the rebels, _you_ will surely consult -your own safety by guiding me to the spot; nay, I know you will, here is -my purse in token of my future friendship, and in order to conceal your -share in the transaction you and I shall walk together to a place where -you may point me out the lurking place of these fellows, and leave the -rest to me; and do you,' continued he, turning to his party, 'remain all -ready until you hear a whistle, when instantly make for the spot.' The -_Brocair_ crouched, as many a time he did, but never before did his -heart beat at such a rate. As the officer and his passive guide took the -road to the old Castle, _Eoghainn_ followed close in their wake, and, -when they had proceeded about a mile from the barn, they came upon the -old hill road when Mary made a dead halt, as if quite at a loss how to -act. 'Proceed, girl,' thundered the officer, 'I care not one farthing -for my own life, and if you do not instantly conduct me to the spot -where the bloody rebels are concealed, this weapon,' drawing his sword -'shall, within two minutes, penetrate your cunning heart.' The poor girl -trembled and staggered as the officer pointed his sword to her bosom, -when the voice of _Eoghainn_ fell on his ear like the knell of death, -'Turn your weapon this way, brave sir,' said the _Brocair_, 'Turn it -this way,' and in a moment the officer and his shivered sword lay at his -feet. 'Oh, for heaven's sake,' screamed the fainting girl, 'meddle not -with his life.' 'No, no, Mary; I shall not dirty my hands in his blood. -I have only given him the weight of my oak sapling, so that he may sleep -soundly till we are safe from the fangs of his bloodhounds.' That very -night the fugitives left Urquhart Castle and got safe to the forests of -Badenoch, where they skulked about with Lochiel and his few followers -until the gentleman escaped to France, when _Eoghainn Brocair_ and his -companion ventured once more, as they themselves expressed it, 'to the -communion of Christians.' The offspring of the _Brocair_ and Mary -Maclauchlan are still in Lochaber." - - ALASTAIR OG. - - (_To be Continued._) - - - - - THE LAST OF THE CLAN. - -"_After many years he returned to die._" - - - The last of the clansmen, grey-bearded and hoary, - Sat lone by the old castle's ruin-wrapt shade, - Where proudly his chief in the bloom of his glory - Oft mustered his heroes for battle arrayed: - He wept as he gazed on its beauties departed, - He sighed in despair for its gloom of decay, - Cold-shrouded his soul, and he sung broken-hearted, - With grief-shaking voice a wild woe-sounding lay.-- - "Weary, weary, sad returning, - Exiled long in other climes, - Hope's last flame, slow, feebly burning - Seeks the home of olden times: - In my joy why am I weeping? - Where my kindred? Where my clan? - Whispers from the mountains creeping, - Tell me 'I'm the only man.' - "Yon tempest-starred mountains still loom in their grandeur, - The loud rushing torrents still sweep thro' the glen, - Thro' low-moaning forests dim spirits still wander, - But where are the songs and the voices of men? - Tell me, storied ruins! where, where are their slumbers? - Where now are the mighty no foe could withstand? - The voice of the silence in echoing numbers, - Breathes sadly the tale of fate's merciless hand. - - "Ah me! thro' the black clouds, one star shines in heaven, - And flings o'er the darkness its fast waning light, - 'Tis to me an omen so tenderly given, - Foretelling that soon I will sink in my night: - The coronach slowly again is far pealing! - The grey ghosts of kinsmen I fondly can trace! - Around me they gather! and silent are kneeling, - To gaze in deep sorrow on all of their race! - Slowly, slowly, sadly viewing - With their weird mysterious scan, - Desolation's gloomy ruin! - All of kindred! all of clan! - Ah! my heart, my heart is fainting, - Strangely shaking are my limbs, - Heav'nward see! their fingers pointing, - And my vision trembling swims. - Slowly, slowly, all-pervading, - O'er me steals their chilly breath, - See! the single star is fading, - Ling'ring in the joy of death, - Darkness swiftly o'er me gathers, - Softly fade these visions wan, - Welcome give, ye spirit fathers, - I'm the Last of all the Clan!" - - WM. ALLAN. - - SUNDERLAND. - - - - -_LITERATURE._ - -_BARON BRUNO OR THE UNBELIEVING PHILOSOPHER, AND OTHER FAIRY STORIES._ -_By_ LOUISA MORGAN. Macmillan & Co. - - -WE do not care for Fairy Tales, as a rule, but we have read this book -with genuine pleasure. It is written in a pleasant, easy style, and -though it has the full complement of witchcraft, enchanted princesses, -and, sudden transformations, it deals more with human sympathies and -affections than is usual, in this class of literature. There are five -different stories, of which the scene of two is laid in Germany, one in -Denmark, one in Wales, and the other in the Highlands of Scotland. Baron -Bruno, or the Unbelieving Philosopher, is the story of the Prime -Minister at the Grand Ducal Court of Rumple Stiltzein. The Baron is not -only a clever Statesman, but a Philosopher and Astronomer; albeit, a -sceptic in religious matters. He is so wrapt up in his abstruse studies -that he ignores the pleasures of domestic life, and lives a solitary man -without wife or children. At last he begins to feel the loneliness of -his home life, and overcome in spite of himself, he cries aloud--"To you -distant stars! I nightly offer the homage of a constant worshipper; -would that you in return could give me to know the spell of love, and -teach me what it is that inspires the painter, the poet, and the lover." -This impassioned address is immediately answered by the appearance of a -beautiful maiden, who informs him that she is sent to teach him the -spell of love, and to try to lead him through the influence of human -affections to believe in the immortality of the soul. She becomes his -wife, but exacts a promise from him, that once every month she is to -spend the evening hours in undisturbed solitude, as her life depends on -the strict observance of this. She also tells him that if he doubts her -faith even for a moment she will have to leave him and return to her -celestial home. They live happily for a time, but at length, through the -machinations of a wicked Countess Olga, a spinster of uncertain age, who -had hoped to have gained the Baron for herself, he becomes uneasy, and -one night is so worked upon by the wily insinuations of the spiteful -Countess, and irritated at the non-appearance of his wife at a Grand -State Ball, that he rushes home in a frenzy of suspicion, and regardless -of his promise, breaks in on the Baroness' seclusion. The result is -disastrous, the child dies and his wife returns to her starry home; but -her mission is fulfilled, for over the death-bed of his infant--a scene -full of pathos--his heart softens and he avows his belief. This story is -capitally told, and considerable humour is displayed in the account of a -grand Court Dinner, at which the young Prince and his mischievous -companions amuse themselves by sticking burrs on the footmen's silk -stockings, much to the discomfiture of the poor flunkeys, the dismay of -the high officials, and the indignation of the Grand Duke. - -"Esgair: The Bride of Llyn Idwyl," is founded on an old Welsh Legend, -and is a graceful, though rather weird story. "Eothwald, the young -sculptor," tells how a Mermaiden was wooed and won, but in Eothwald's -breast the artist was stronger than the lover, and the poor Mermaid died -broken-hearted. - -"Fido and Fidunia" is the longest of the tales, and will, we think, be -the favourite with young folks. Fido is the very embodiment of canine -sagacity, and poor, plain, unsophisticated Fidunia is a well drawn -character, though she seems to be rather hardly dealt by. There is one -thing which may be considered a defect in this otherwise charming book; -all the heroines, though amiable and faultless, come to a sad end. They -are made the scapegoats of their masculine companions. Though this is -too often the case in real life, it is much more pleasant in a Fairy -Tale, that all the amiable characters should be married and "live happy -ever after." - -Eudaemon, the hero of the Highland story, is the son of Valbion, the wild -sea-king, who has deserted him and his mother. Eudaemon, as may be -supposed from his mixed parentage, is a singular being, living a -hermit-like life in the lonely Castle Brochel, on the Island of Raasay. -Carefully educated by his mother, he knows all the medicinal properties -of herbs and minerals. This, combined with magic lore inherited from his -father, enables him to perform such wonderful cures that he is known far -and wide as "The Enchanter of the North." His fame reaches the Lowlands, -where lives a beautiful princess, afflicted, through the magical spells -of Valbion, with dumbness. Her parents bring her to Castle Brochel in -the hope that Eudaemon may work her cure. He begins by teaching her the -game of chess, and then tries the power of music. This enables her to -sing but not to speak. To complete the cure it is necessary that she -should visit the abode of the powerful Valbion himself in the mysterious -submerged halls of Thuisto--an expedition fraught with great danger; and -which, though it proves the means of restoring speech to the princess, -proves fatal to Eudaemon, through the indiscretion of the Queen. The poor -Princess in gaining the use of her tongue loses her heart, and, like a -second Ophelia, goes distracted, for the loss of her lover. - -The following is given as the Highland Legend of Castle Brochel, on -which the story is founded:-- - - On the eastern side of the Isle of Raasay there still stands a lonely - ruin known as Castle Brochel. Parched upon precipitous rocks at the - very verge of the ocean, it is easy to imagine how, armed and - provisioned, this fortress held its own amid the perpetual warfare of - early Celtic times. Castle Brochel has always borne a doubtful - reputation. According to tradition, it was originally built with the - price of blood, for the ancient legend runs somewhat after this - fashion. Shiel Torquil went forth with his dogs one morning to hunt - the red deer on the wild mountains Blaven and Glamaig, in the - neighbouring Island of Skye. Sheil Torquil had with him only one - retainer, but he was a host in himself, being surnamed, from his - immense size and strength, the Gillie More. After some time they - sighted a stag. In the ardour of the chase the dogs soon ran out of - sight, pursuing their quarry towards the shore at Sligachan. Now it - so happened that the young Kreshinish in his galley was anchored on - that side of the island within sight of the beach. He saw the hunted - animal about to take to the water, and swim, as deer are often known - to do, across the narrow strait which lies between Skye and Raasay. - Kreshinish and his men at once landed and took possession, not only - of the stag itself, but of the dogs which, panting and exhausted, - were unable to offer any resistance. Shiel Torquil presently appeared - on the scene and angrily asked for his deer and his hounds. - Kreshinish refused to deliver them up. A bloody struggle ensued, - during which the Gillie More inflicted a fatal wound upon the - ill-fated young chieftain who unwittingly (at first) had interfered - with the sports of another. This brought the affray to a speedy - conclusion, and Shiel Torquil with his follower carried off deer and - dogs in triumph. Not long after this the poor old father of - Kreshinish came to Skye to seek for the murderer of his son, and - publicly offered the reward of a bag of silver to any one who would - show him the guilty man. The Gillie More, hearing of the promised - guerdon, boldly entered the presence of the elder Kreshinish. - Confessing that he himself had slain the youthful chieftain, he urged - in self-defence the young man's overbearing conduct in attempting to - carry off Shiel Torquil's stag-hounds and game. The bereaved father, - obliged by the stringent laws of Highland honour to fulfil his solemn - promise, reluctantly bestowed the bag of silver on the very man who - had cut off his only child in the early bloom of manhood. The Gillie - More, however, haunted by remorse, and still fearing the avenger's - footstep, entreated his master to accept the money and build - therewith a retreat for them both. Shiel Torquil granted his - henchman's request. After some time spent in searching for a suitable - site, they at last selected the wild easterly shore of Raasay. Here - were speedily raised the frowning walls of Castle Brochel. Secured - from sudden attack by the inaccessible situation of their refuge, the - Gillie More and his master lived in peace for many years. Their - retired habits, and their dislike to intruders, coupled with this - strange tale of robbery and murder, caused the Castle, though - newly-built, to be regarded with no friendly eye. When they died, it - was left untenanted for a considerable time. Many reports were - circulated concerning the strange sights and sounds to be seen and - heard at the eerie hour of twilight, or amid the silent watches of - the night, by the belated traveller who chanced to pass that way by - sea or by land. At the period of which we speak, Castle Brochel had, - however, for some time been inhabited by a being whose origin was - partially shrouded in mystery, the gloomy Eudaemon, known as the - "Enchanter of the North." - -It will be seen that our author is ignorant of the Gaelic language; for -she thinks _Shiel Torquil_--or correctly, _Siol Torquil_--is a proper -name, and applies it to a person, instead of a sept or branch of the -Macleods. She is also defective in her knowledge of Hebridean geography. -Old _Kreshinish_--correctly _Grishernish_--comes _to_ Skye, while we all -know the place, and the man, who was called after it, to be _in_ Skye. - -We are divulging no secret however, in stating that, although the author -appears to be but indifferently acquainted with the Highlands, she is of -Highland extraction. And now that the connection is re-established by -her brother, John Darroch, Esq., by his recent purchase of the Estate of -Torridon, she will enjoy better opportunities of making herself more -fully acquainted with the country of her ancestors. - -The book is beautifully illustrated by R. Caldecott. - - - LOGAN'S SCOTTISH GAEL.--This publication, by Hugh Mackenzie, Bank - Lane, has reached the fourth part. In the third we have coloured and - well executed plates of the Bonnets of the Highlanders, and the - Sporans of the different Highland Regiments; after which we have an - account of the peculiar Oaths of the Gael; the Chief's Body Guard; - Mode of Drawing up the Highland Armies; Right of certain Clans to - certain positions; Military tactics and Mode of Attack; Valour of the - Celtic Females; Duties of the Bards; Origin, Adaptation to the - country, and Equity of Clanship; Fosterage; Mode of Electing Chiefs, - and Titles of Celtic Nobility; Origin of Feudal Tenures; Creachs; - Blackmail; &c., &c. Part four treats of Gaelic Law and Law Terms; - Judges; Punishments; Manner of Dress; Painting the Body; Animal's - Skins; Origin of Clan Tartans; Native Dyes; Costumes; Bonnet; Shield - Ornaments; Women's Dress; Defensive Armour; Mail and Helmets; - Shields, and other interesting matter. Great credit is due to the - publisher for the expeditious progress he is making in bringing out - the work. - - - * * * * * - - -TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES - -The following amendments to the text have been made: - -p. 164 "consumate" changed to "consummate"; "neice" changed to "niece"; - -p. 180 "inseperable" changed to "inseparable"; - -p. 181 double quotes in front of "Ghaoil" deleted; "S tu" changed to "'S -tu"; - -p. 183 closing quotes added after "och mise"; - -p. 192 "abtruse" changed to "abstruse"; - -p. 194 comma after "work" changed to full stop. - - -The spellings "Inverary" and "Inveraray", "Shiel" and "Sheil" appear in -this text. - -The spelling "Conceive" on p. 167 has been left unchanged. - -There should probably be an extra double quotation mark after "High-Chief -of Kintail" on p. 186, but no addition has been made. - -"Picheqru" on p. 178 should probably be "Pichegru" but has been left -unchanged. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Celtic Magazine, Vol. I, No. VI, -April 1886, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CELTIC MAGAZINE, APRIL 1886 *** - -***** This file should be named 40323.txt or 40323.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/3/2/40323/ - -Produced by Tamise Totterdell, Margo von Romberg and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net -(This file was produced from images generously made -available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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